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JAINA PENANCE
present-day humanity, though not of the men of the adamantine frames of the hoary past. The penance may have to be observed for a period of 12 years.
60
Pāranchika parhāra is deserved by those whose sins are the blackest and the worst. The sinner in this case has his sin proclaimed before the world, is turned out of the country and may have to live even among strangers and men of wrong faiths. He is required to observe the fasting penance as in the anupasthāpanā parihāra, with the same types of severity and for a similar period, namely, 12 years. Then he will be deemed to have been purified and absolved.
Anupasthāpanā is indicated in the following
cases :
For the abduction of a sadhu of another faith, or of a layman, a woman, a child or the pupil of a brother saint, and for assaulting or striking a saint with a stick.'
Pārunchila parihāra is provided for men who show disrespect to and insult the Tirthamkaras, the Siddhas and Holy Saints, or who join the king's enemies. It is also the penalty incurred by those who defile the True Faith and the Scripture of Truth' He who is an enemy of the ruling king,
2
1245 = 249 ' S 250
