________________
Three-sensed living beings spring from the excretions and tlre like of their species.
Four-sensed living beings originate in such substances as the saliva and excretions of their class.
The sub-human animals and human beings originating through the focus are well-known.
We shall learn about saṁmîrcchima fiuman beings later on
Parrots, wag-tails etc are produced as indicative of a calamity of the season (itih
The embryo-originting birds are produced through eggs and are well-known.
Karma-bhômi Karma or action means preparation for such kinds of work as agriculture, trades, arts, sciences etc, or for religious rites for the attainment of Salvation. Lands specialised for these purposes are fifteen (15) in number-They are five for five Bharatas, (2) Five for five Airayatas, and (3) Five for five Mahāvidehas.
A-Karnia-bhūmni On the other hand, lands without the need of preparation for agriculture, arts, trades etc. and such other Karmas, are called A-karma-bhậmis.
According to Pannavaņā Sūtra, the human beings residing in Karma-bhûmis are of fifteen kinds viz (1) Those residing in five Bharatas (2) Those residing in fiye Airavatas and (3) Those residing in five Mahävidéhas. They are briefly classified as (a) Āryas (civilised) and (b) Mlécchas (un-civilized)
The Mlécchas are of numerous tribes They (1) Śaka (2) Yavnna (3, Cilāta (4) Sabara (5) Barbara (6: Kāya (7) Murudoda (8) Bhadaga (9) Doba (10) Niñnage (11) Pakkasiya (12) Kulak. kha (15) Corda (14) Sinhala (15) Pärasa (6) Godha. (17) Konca (18) Amada (19) Idamila (20). Cillala (21) pulinda (22) Hārosa
