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THE CONCLUDING REMARKS (MISCELLANEOUS)
95
In this connection the five poble traits of character from poninjury down to non-greed (i e. non-injury, truthfulness, non-stealing, sex-control, non-greed) are well known among the cultured circles as yama, and so also are the four traits called 'yama by intention' etc. (i. e. 'yama by intention', 'yama by aetivity', 'yama by firmness', 'yama. by accomplishment)
तद्वत्कथाप्रीतियुता तथाऽविपरिणामिनी । यमेष्विच्छाऽवसे येह प्रथमो यम एव तु ॥२१५॥ tadyatkathāpritiyuta tatha’vipariņāmim /
yameşv icchā'vaseyeha prathamo yama eva tu 11215|| Of these four types of yamas the first (viz. 'yama by intention') is to be viewed as consisting in a desire to practise yamas, a desire accompanied by a liking for stories relating to yamas and one that is not 111-digested (i. e. one that yields no harmful consequences in the long run).
सर्वत्र शमसारं तु यमपालनमेव यत् । प्रवृत्तिरिह विज्ञेया द्वितीयो यम एव तत् ॥२१६॥ sarvatra samasāra tu yamapalanam eva yat / pravsttir iha vijñeya dvitiyo yama eva tat //216||
In this connection by 'activity' is meant the observance of yamas always and with a predominantly calm mind, and it is this activity that constitutes the second type of yama (viz. 'yama by activity').
विपक्षचिन्तारहितं यमपालनमेव यत् । तस्थैर्यमिह विज्ञेयं तृतीयो यम एव हि ॥२१७॥ vipakṣacintārahitan yamapalanam eva yat /
dat sthairgam iha vijñeyaṁ tsilyo yama eva hi 1/217|| • Similarly, by firmness' is here meant the observance of pămas without a fear of possible violations, and it is this firmness that constitutes the third type of yama (viz. 'yama by firmness ')..
परार्थसाधकं त्वेतत् सिद्धिः शुद्धान्तरात्मनः । अचिन्त्यशक्तियोगेन चतुर्थो यम एव तु ॥२१८।। parārthasadhakaṁ tv etat siddhiḥ śuddhantarālmanah /
acintyasaktiyogena caturlio yama eva tu 1121811 The observance of yamas on the part of a pure-hearted soul and in the interest of others, an observance that becomes possible owing to the
