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2
That should a different matter. be done clearly, firmly and once for
nil.
A London Congress.
It is a pity that his oratorical triumphs in England seem to have blinded Sj. Surendranath to their small utility to the country. So far has he been led away by the slight and transient effect he has produces en the surface of the public mind in England that he is attemping to revive the old and futile idea of a Congress in London. Whether he will prevail on his fellow-Conventionalists to perpetrate this huge waste of money, we cannot say The break up of the Congress and the "stern and relentless repres-on" of the Nationalist party has delivered the old Congress Conser ataves from the fear of public opi
mon.
Needless to say, no so-called Congress held under such circumstances will be representative of the people. It is the old love of strikng theatrical effects addressed to an English audience as patrons that has been revived in Sj. Surendranath by his visit. We notice that the dead cant about the faith n the sense of justice of the Government and the British Demoency one more reappears in the columns of the Bengalee. All those are bad signs. What is it that the Moderate Leader proposes to effect by this expenditure of money which might be so much better used in the country itself? Wo fail to see how a meeting of forty or fifty Indians, however eminent and respectable, prosing about Indian grievances and the sense of jusice of the British demox racy or the immaculate Liberalisin of Lord Morley can do any lasting service to the cause of India in England. Even if this could be turned into a really imposing theatricality,the effect of such shows in European countries is merely a nine days wonder unless they are followed up. It is natural that an orator should overate the effect of oratory, but Sj Surendranath is surely aware that the greatest speeches or series of speeches unconnected with its own interests now produce on the blaso British public only the effect of a passing ripple which is immediately effaced by the next that follows. Either therefore his proposal means only some tomurary theatricals and waste of noney or he must persuado or people to resume the old aban
KARMAYOGIN.
Mazzini
doned policy and carry on a perennial cumpaign in England for the "education" of the British Public, Only as part of such a campaign had the proposal of a London Congress ever any meaning or justification, But even in its best days, the Congress leulers gould never pro duce enough then, money and energy for so stupendous a work, and it is doubly impossible now that the old policy is discredited. Certainly, if Sj. Surendranath thinks that the newly awakened energies of India are going to follow him in throwing themselves into this channel, he is grievously mistaken. Not all his prestige and influence can put back the hands of the clock so utterly. The In lian movement has really to deal not with the British democracy, which is an almost negligible factor
could not have been immediately crowned with success if there had been no Cavour. The work of Cavour would equally have been impossible but for M..zzini. Mazzini summed up the soul of humanity, the idea of fts stnd thenspiration of its future, in Italian forms and gave life to the dead. At his breath the dead bones clothed themselves with flesh and the wilderness of poisonous brambles blossomed with the rose. Mazzini found Italy corrupt, demoralised, treacherous, immoral, selfish, wholly divided and incapable of union, he gave her the impulse of a mighty hope, a lofty spirituality, an intellectual impulse which despising sophistry and misleading detail went straight to the core of things and tasin Indian affairs, but with the poli-tened on the one or two netessiticians in Parliament, His Majesty's ties, an ideal to live and die ministers and the powerful influence for and the strength to live and in England of the official and comdie for it. This was all he did, mercial English out here. These but it was enough. Cavour brought are hard-headed and obstinate the old Italian statesmanship. forces which, so far as they can at diplomacy, practicality and placed all rise out of the narrow groove of it at the service of the great ideal class interests or racial pride and of liberty and unity which Mazzini prejudice, can only be influenced by had made the overmastering pasone consideration, .he best way to sion of the millions. Yet these preserve the Empire in Intin. two deliverers and lovers of Even in the minds of Sir Henry Italy never underst ood ench Cotton and Mr. Mackarness that other. Mazzini hated Cavour cannot fail to be a dominant consid- as a dishonest trickster and Machieration. If any educational work avellian, Cavour scorned Mazzini has to be done in England, it is to as a fanatic and dangerous firecont ince these classes that it is only brand. It is easy to assign superby the concession of control that the ficial and obvious causes for the unco-operation of the Indian people can dying misunderstanding and to my be seenred. And that work is best that the monarchist and practical done from India. statosman and the Utopian and democrat were bound to misunderstand and perpetually distrust and dislike each other. But there was a deeper cause.
The one thing which Mazzini most hated and from which he strove to deliver the hearts and
THE POWER THAT UPLIFTS. Of all the great actors who were in the forefront of the Italian Revolution, Mazzini and Cavour were the most essential to Italian regeneration. Of the two Mazzini was undoubtedly the greater. Cavour was the statesman and organizer, Mazzini the prophet and creator. Mazzini was busy with the great and eternal ideas which move mass of men in all countrics and various ages, Cavour with the temporary needs and circumstances of modern Italy. The one was an acute brain, the other a mighty soul. Cavour belongs to Italy, Mazzini to all hamanity. Cavour was the man of the hour, Mazzini is the citizen of Eternity. But the work of
imaginations of the young men of Italy was what he summed up in the word Machiavellianism. The Machiavellian is the man of pure intellect without imagination who. while not intellectually dead to great objects, does not make them an ideal but regards them from the point of view of concrete interests and is prepared to use in effecting them every means which can be suggested by human canning or put into motion by unscrupulous forco Italian patriotism previous to the advent of Mazzini was cast in
