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THE CANONICAL LITERATURE OF THE JAINAS
[CHAP.
logy, in its own way. Elements of chemistry can be gleaned from Pannavana which deals with ontology, too. As regards biology, at least some information can be gathered from Panhāvāgarana (s. 3), and Dasaveyaliya (II, 6'; IV; V, 1, 70, and 73; V, 2, 14, 16, 18 and 20-24; VI, 64; IX, 1, 4; IX, 2, 1; and IX, 1).2 In Anga V (s. 324) names of certain trees are given, and in s. 274, food of trees is discussed. In Punnavan (I, s. 19-26) several items pertaining to vanaspati are mentioned. In Ayara (s. 47) it is stated that the organism of vanaspati is akin to that of humanity. Its s. 54 mentions a number of motives which lead to the destruction of the trasa and its s. 49 the 8 varieties of trasa
Paleography-It was in 1936 that I was given a Research grant for Jaina Palaeography. The results arrived at by me in this connection have been embodied in two papers3: (i) Outlines of Paleography with special reference to Jaina Paleographical data and their evaluation and (ii) The Jaina Manuscripts. Some of them are:
1
(i) The word leha occurs in Samavaya (LXXII), Uvasagadasă (s. 7), Pajjosanākappa (s. 210) and Jambuddīvapannatti (s. 30).
3
(ii) Samavaya (XVIII) supplies us with a list of 18 lipis. Pannavana (s. 37) gives us practically the same list ad verbatim. But Hemacandra's com. (p. 256) on VisesaR
This notes two types of serpents Gandhana and Agandhana. In the 5th Anga (XV; s. 547) there is a reference to a kind of serpent known as Drstivisasarpa. He is alluded to in Kumaravalapaḍiboha, Abhayakumaracaritra and Seübandha (IV, 50).
2
For details see my article " श्रीदशवैका लिकसूत्रनुं दिग्दर्शन याने एक आर्हत आगमनुं अवलोकन " published in Citramayajagat (p. 248, Dec. 1932).
Both of these papers are published in "The Journal of the University of Bombay, the corresponding numbers being vol. VI, pt. 6, May 1938 and vol. VII, pt. 2, September 1938.
4 My article A detailed Exposition of the Nazari Gujarati and Modi Scripts partly published in the Annals of B. O. R. I. (vol. XIX, pt. IV) and “ગુજરાત અને લિપિકદબક, લેખનસ'હિત્ય તથા અક્ષરશિક્ષણ ” published in 6 instalments so far, in the "Forbes Gujarati Sabha Traimasika", may be also consulted,
