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The Concept of Jain Penology
Dr. Ramesh C. Lalan
To acquaint this assembly of the Learned with the concept of JAIN PENOLOGY as spelled out in his thesis 'Penology and Jaina Scriptures,' for which the author was conferred doctoral degree of philosophy in law by the University of Bombay, it becomes incumbant to understand precise meaning of penology by delineating at the outset the changing definition of the term 'penology.'
Penology is considered as a part of Criminology, which is a science which concerns itself with the problem of crime-causation and crime-prevention. Penology starts with the definition of punishment and ends ironically with a plea for total abolition of punishment, suggesting a substitute therapy of treatment, correction, reformation, rehabilitation and resocialization of the so-called 'criminal,' 'delinquent', 'deviant who cannot conform to the social norms' and 'client for correctional apparatus.'
In its original structure, penology studies and analyzes the history, theories, purposes and effects of punishment in relation to crime-causation and crime-prevention. In its modern outlines, penology assumes the form of correctional apparatus and transforms itself into the theory of social defence.
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