________________
GEOGRAPHY
31
Cullavagga,1 for five hundred brethren. Among the caves, those worthy of mention were the Pippali (or Pipphali) and Sattapanni, both associated with the Vebhāra hill. Both of them were situated on the north side of this bill. And among the crevices, those enjoying importance were these four: Kapota-kandarā. Gomata-kandarā, Tinduka-kandarā and Tapodakandarā.3 The Påsāņaka-cotiya was a holy rock not far from Rājagaha.*
Besides these hills there were in the Middle country some natural forests (svayamjātavanā) and somo hill-tracts. The Kurujāngala, for instance, was a wild region in the Kuru realm which extended as far partib as the Kāmyaka forest and which in all likelihood separated the Kuru realm from Pañcāla. According to one tradition, the kingdom of Uttara pañcāla was founded in this very jungle tract. The Pārileyyakavana was an elephant-forest at some distance from the city of Kosambi and on the way to Savatthi. The Añjanavana at Sāketa, the Mahāvana at Vesālī and the Mahāvana, at Kapilavatthu were natural forests. The latter Mahāvana lay in one stretch up to the foot of
1 Vinaya, ii, p. 76. 2 Udäna, i, 6; i, 7; Digha, ii, p. 116. a Udāna, iv, 4; Law, op. cit., p. 11. 4 Sutta-nipāta, verse 1013. 6 Samyutta, ii, p. 96; Vinaya, i, p. 352; Udana, iv,
