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Anekanta : Philosophy of co-existence
such word that an adjunct is added to it. This method is called the classification of imports of words (niksepa). There is no prescribed limit of exposition through niksepa. The scope of such classification of imports is co-extensive with the range of meanings that a word is capable of expressing. The minimum types of such classification are four - an object must have some name and also some shape; it had also modes that are past, as well as the modes that are to come along with the modes that it has at present. This is how the four basic niksepas naturally follow :
1. A name (nāma-niksepa) or a
demonstrative symbol. Form (sthāpanā-niksepa), an image, imaginary or real. Substance (dravya-niksepa), past or future modes of the material cause. Essence (bhāva-niksepa), the present
mode constituting the essence of the thing. Ācārya Jinabhadragani Ksamāśramana's exposition of niksepa is quite different. According to him the nāma-niksepa consists in nomenclature of a thing, while its shape, material cause and the effect are respectively the sthāpanā, dravya and bhāva niksepa. In fact, the nomenclature, assumption of a form, causality and the sequel are the minimum determinations of a thing. An object, therefore, must necessarily have these four determinants.
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