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Society in Jaina Philosophy and Literature
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consequences to you. The causes of these sātā- and asātāvedanīya karmas have been mentioned in the Tattvārthasūtra as follows:
"If a soul causes pain, grief, agony, crying, injury or lamenting to others then it attracts asātāvedanīya or pain karma, and if a soul generates compassion through charity to all living beings as well as to those observing religious vows, then it is a cause of sātāvedanīya or pleasure karma."47
Forbearance is also a cause of sātāvedanīya. The Tattvārthasūtra explains that if we are co-operative to others positively, then as a result it provides us pleasure or happiness. Negative behaviour results in pain or asātā. This is not just a theory of karma, but also a reciprocal theory of social norms. This guides the society towards the balanced and proper behavior, which in turn benefits the individual also. Triratna and its Social Corollary Jainism is considered as the religion and philosophy of salvation. It underscores the value of right world-view (samyagdarśana), right knowledge (samyagjñāna) and right conduct (samyakcăritra) for its attainment. This path is quite individualistic, because it requires detachment from all worldly affairs. In spite of this samyagdarśana, an essential element of salvation bears a characteristic of kindness (anukampā).*9
47 TS 6.12-13: dukhah-soka-tapākrandana-vadha-paridevanānyātma
parobhayasthānyasadvedyasya. bhūtavratānukampādānam sarāgasamyamādiyogaḥ kṣāntiḥ saucamiti sadvedyasya.
TS 1.1: samyagdarśanajñānacāritrāni mokşamārgaḥ. “ TB 1.2: tadevam praśama-samveganirvedānukampāstikyābhivyaktilaksanam
tattvārthaśraddhānam samyagdarśanam.
