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અધ્યાત્મતત્ત્વક,
five careful attitudes and ten elevating spiritual duties, by cogitating over the fleeting nature of the worldly objects and the chief purpose of life as embodied in twelve reflections, by enduring all kinds of troubles and hardships and by austerities, &c. It is needless to repeat their description as they are described heretofore. Austerities are classified into external and internal. Internal austerity includes Dhyāna which is highly efficatious in loosening and dispersing the nervous threads and removing veils of Karma over the effulgence of pure Light. It is therefore essential to treat briefly, the several aspects of Dhyāna comprising capacities of the aspirant after Moksha, hindrances, helping factors, methods, and results, Sanyama ( subdual of sense organs and passions, control of speech, mind and body, rigid observance of full vows, the act of looking upon the souls of others similar to his soul, capacity to bear hardships, troubles and tortures, and eager aspiration for Moksha ), subdual of passions, sensual lusts and desires, disattachment and renunciation, balancing quietude, compassion, object of joyful reverence, rocklike firmness, complete withdrawal from worldly ties and association, well-regulated intelligence and wisdom are the capacities necessary for the aspirant after Immortality and Bliss, as gleaned from Bhagavān Hemchandrāchārya's Yogashāstra and from Jain Drashti Yoga.
• Exhaustion, disgust, misconceptions, illusions, mental aberrations, want of fixity of attention, addiction to certain religious rites, ignoring further spiritual
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