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Jaio Sabitya Samaroh
& etc, so much so that the individuals cannot even idendify their real SELF!
PENOLOGY AND JAIN-PENOLOGY :
Penology when defined as the strategy in the fight against crime, includes the concepts of punishment, treatment, reformation, social re-arrangement or any other measures likely to be adopted as strategy in the fight against crime by policemen, jurists, parliament, psychiatrists, prison-officials, group, institutions and society at large. In this sense, the origin and evolution of penology is, according to the Jaina Scriptures, in the seven danda-nitis. A further development in the penal measures including ordeal as a proof of innocence can be traced in the Jain Puranas. The Scriptural tales and anecdotes seriously endeavour to harmonize the religious philosophical principle, namely, the Law of Karma with the socio-legal concept of individual responsibility and liability by extending the effects thereof even after several births. In the different modes and forms of punishment devised as prison-tortures one can easily decipher an attempt to establish their fraternal resemblance with hell-tortures which an erring soul is expected to be subjected to. Coming to the monastic jurisprudence, where the ten prayaschittas are prescribed, it cannot escape notice even of a casual reader that here penology assumes the religious philosophical hues since the individual who commits the lapses and transgressi
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