________________ A HISTORICAL OUTLINE OF THE LANGUAGES OF WESTERN INDIA 163 . "Though she has only a tattered lobadi (woollen cloth) on her head, and hardly twenty glass-beads round her neck-still the beautiful maiden agitated the young men of the hamlet." It is not easy always to demarcate the point where Apabhramsa ends and old Gujarati begins. There are, however, some characteristics such as the simplification of conjunct consonants, substitution of post-positions for inflections, and most of all the use of the auxiliary verb achai-chai, the precursor of the modern Gujarati che, which indicate the termination of Apabhramsa and the evolution of Gujarati. VI The earliest literary work in old Gujarati that has come to light so far is the Bharatesvara Bahubali Rasa of Salibhadra Suri, composed in V.S. 1241 (1185 A.D.). The following quotation will reveal how the new speech has just left the Apabhramsa stage and started on its career towards modern Gujarati. रिसह जिणेसर पय पणमेवी, सरसति सामिणि मनि समरेवी, नमवि निरंतर गुरुचलणा // भरह नरिंदह तणुं चरित्तो, जं जुगी वसहांवलय वदीतो, ar axa fang anak II हुँ हिव पणिसु रासह छंदिहिं, तं जनमनहर मनआणंदिहिं, भाविहिं भवीयण संभलेउ / / (Risaha Jinesara paya panamevi, sarasati samini mani samarevi, namavi norantara gurucalana// Bharaha narindaha tanum caritto, jam jugi vasahamvalaya vadito, bara varasa bihum bandhavaham// Hum hiva pabhanisu rasaha chandihim, tam janamanahara manaanandihim, bhavihim bhaviyana sambhaleu'/) "Having bowed to the feet of Rsabha Jinesvara, having remembered Goddess Sarasvati, and saluting always the feet of the guru; * "The life history of King Bharata, famous in this world from times of yore, (the war between) the two brothers which lasted for twelve years; "(This) I shall sing in the form of a rasa in verse, so fascinating to the minds of people; may the religious-minded hear it with delight !" In the century which followed, Gujarati was developed further and became the vehicle of over a dozen works in poetry. The following verse Jain Education International For Private & Personal Use Only www.jainelibrary.org