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Dr. Gour Hajra of five kinds : Smrti. pratyabhijñā, tarka anumāna and āgama The accepted each of these five kinds of knowledge as separate pramāņa. But according to Naiyāyikas tarka is only helpful in removing doubts about concomitance and is not independent organ of knowledge. They are not ready to accept memory as an independent pramāņa. But the Jainas considered both memory and Tarka as a separate pramāna. Therein lies the novelty of Jainism.
References ;
1. Pramāna-Naya-Tattvālokālamkāra-by Vādi Devasuri. 2. Jaina Tarka Bhāṣā—by Yasovijaja. 3. Jainism in Buddhist literature—by Bhagchndra Jain Bhaskar. 4. A Primer of Indian Logic-by Kuppuswami Sastri. 5. Jaina Theory of Perception-by Pushpa Bothra.
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