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ISTRUDUCTION. (6) The Samabhiridha Naya distinguishes belween words on etymological grounds. For instance, the words Indra, S'akra and Purandara, though of the same gender and applicable to the rulers of the Heaven-worlds, yet differ in meaning from one another, S'akra signifying strong, Indra, the possessor of many divine powers, and Purandara, the destroyer of the cities of the enemy. The difference between the S'abda and the Sams'abhiradha Nayas seems to lie in the fact that, while the former is the standpoint of a grammarian, the latter is that of an etymologist who tries to trace words to their roots.
(7) The Gvambhúta Naya is that mode of comprehending things which takes into account their special functions or activities, and describes them by such words as are justified by their actual functions or activities. For instance, a pujári (worshipper) is called a pujári when he performs pujá (worship). Similarly, only a strong man is entitled to be called S'akra. Indra can be called Purandara only when he is engaged in the act of destroying the cities of enemies, and so forth. This Naya is also the standpoint of etymologists.
As the fallacies of these different kinds of Nayas throw considerable light on the nature of the Nayas themselves, they may also be mentioned here. There
