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INTRODUCTION.
performed the Sámayaka Charitra, and in relation to the intermediate Yatis, from the day of their performing the Atichára Charitra.
8. The eighth is called the Pratikramallia Kalpa. The Atichára ceremony might be performed or not by Saint Rishabha and Mahávíra, but the Pratikramaña (going to confess to a spiritual guide) they were required to perform twice. On other Munis the Pratikramaña is inperative whenever they commit a fault, otherwise it is not required.
9. The ninth is the Másakalpa. The Másakalpa, which is limited to the first and last Jinás, requires that no one stay longer at a place than a month. This was not imperative on the intermediate Jinas. On the contrary, some of them stayed in the same place for ten millions of years. The Institute does not require any one to stay in the same place for a month ; if he have a proper reason, he may leave during its currency.
10. The tenth is the Paryushana Kalpa. By Paryushana is meant the religious session of the Sages during the rains. This is a yearly festival, and it is positively enjoined that such a session of the Assembly of Sages should commence on the fifth day after the new moon of Bhádrapad*.:
* We have here several rather irivial anecdotes introduced,
