________________
UTTARADHYAYANA.
FIRST LECTURE.
ON DISCIPLINE.
I shall explain in due order the discipline of a houseless monk, who has got rid of all worldly ties. Listen to me. (1)
A monk who, on receiving an order from his superior 2, walks up to him, watching his nods and motions, is called well-behaved. (2)
But a monk who, on receiving an order from his superior, does not walk up to him, being insubordinate and inattentive, is called ill-behaved. (3)
As a bitch with sore ears is driven away every
 nâ-niddêsa-karê. Âgñâ is the order itself; nirdêsa, the assent to it.
. The original has the plural instead of the singular. It takes great liberties in this respect, and the commentators constantly call to help a va kanavyatyaya or lingavyatyaya, exchange of number or gender, as the case may be. It is impossible in the translation to follow the original in this respect, and useless to note all such grammatical blunders. The conclusion we may draw from them is that in the spoken language many grammatical forms which in the literary language continued to be used, were dying out or had already actually become obsolete. I am almost sure that the vernacular of the time when the Sütras were composed began to drop the distinction between the singular and plural in the verb. It was, however, artificially revived in the literary Mâhârâshtrî of later days.
[45]
-
B
