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LECTURE xxx.
179
unfrequented places where there are neither women nor cattle. (28)
Thus external austerities have been briefly explained; I shall now explain internal austerities in due order. (29)
Internal austerities are: 1. prâya skitta, expiation of sins ; 2. vinaya, politeness; 3. vaiyâvritya, serving the Guru ; 4. svâdhyâya, study; 5. dhyâna, meditation; 6. vyutsarga ?, abandoning of the body. (30)
1. Expiation of sins is tenfold, what must be confessed?, &c. ; this is to be strictly observed by a monk; this is called expiation of sins. (31)
2. Politeness consists in rising (from one's seat), folding of the hands, offering of a seat, loving the Guru, and cordial obedience. (32)
3. There are ten 3 kinds of service, as serving the Åkârya, &c. 4 ; doing service consists in giving one's assistance as well as one is able. (33)
4. Study is fivefold : 1. saying or learning one's lesson ; 2. (questioning the teacher about it); 3. repetition; 4. pondering ; 5. religious discourse. (34)
1 Viosagga, viussaga, viusagga. It is usually rendered vyutsarga, but the Sanskrit prototype is vyavasarga, as Leumann has pointed out, 1. c., p. 152.
Compare Aupapâtika Sûtra, ed. Leumann, p. 40. 3 Ibidem, p. 42.
• They are enumerated in the following Gâthâ: âyariya-uvagghâể thêra-tavassî-gilâna-sêhâna i sâhammiya-kula-gana-sangha-samgayam tam iha kâyavvam. The ten persons or body of persons entitled to service' are: 1. âkârya; 2. upadhyâya; 3. sthavira; 4. tapasvin ; 5. glâna; 6. saiksha;. 7. sâdharmika; 8. kula; 9. gana ; 10. sangha.
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