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36 INDIA AS DESCRIBED IN EARLY TEXTS
of the Sarasvati and the north of the Drşadvati, between Taruntuka and Arantuka and between the lakes of Rāma and Macakruka. In Pali we have mention of Kammāsadamma (also spelt, Kammāsadhamma), and Thullakotthita 8 as its two townships (nigamā). The Jātakas even speak of two townships by the name of Kammāsadhamma, one distinguished from the other as mahā from cūla. The commentaries have their own ingenious explanation for the origin of the name of the first township. But it should be noted that another spelling of its name is Kammāsadamma, & name which suggests that the place was a training ground of draught-horses. According to Buddhaghosa, the second township was called Thullakotthita because its granaries were always full (thulla. kottham, paripuņņa-kotthāgāram). The Jaina Uttarādhyayana Sūtra speaks of another ancient, wealthy, famous and beautiful town, named Isukāra after its ruler Isukāra (the Arrowmaker').?
Pancāla: This country was divided into two kingdoms: Uttarapañcala and Dakķhiņapañcāla,
1 Mahābhārata, iii, 83.204.
? Digha, ii, pp. 55, 290; Majjhima, i, pp. 56, 601; Samyutta, 11, p. 92.
8 Majjhima, i, p. 54; Manorathapürant, i p. 144. 4,5 Jataka, v, pp. 35, 411. 6 Papañcastidani, ii, p. 722. Cf. Avadānasataka, ii, p. 118. 7 Uttarādhyayana, xiv, 1; Raychaudhuri, op. cit., 4th ed., p. 113.
