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GEOGRAPHY
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in Jambudvīpa: Kāsī, Kosala, Anga, Magadha, Vajjī, Malla, Cetī, Vamsa, Kuru, Pañoāla, Maccha, Sūrasena, Assaka, Avanti, Gandhāra and Kamboja,1 each named after the people who settled down there or colonised it. As noted by Dr. Malalasekera, the first fourteen are included in the Majjhimadesa, and the last two in Uttarapatha. The Digha Nikāya gives a list of twelve only, omitting the last four, while the Cullaniddesa adds Kalinga to the list and substitutes Yona for the Gandhāra. The Jaina Bhagavati Sūtra (otherwise called Vyākhyāprajñapti) gives a somewhat different list of sixteen containing Anga, Banga (Vanga), Magadha, Malaya, Mālava, Accha, Vaccha (Pali Vamsa), Koccha, Pādha (?), Lādha (Rādha), Bajji (Pali Vajjī), Moli (Malla ?), Kāsi, Kosala, Avaha (?), and Sambhuttara (?).
A short description of each of the six divisions, as made out from Pali, taking along with it the principal kingdoms, cities, towns, rivers, peoples, eto., is found indispensable in the present chapter. To begin with,
I Middle: country (Madhyadega): Madhyadesa has been described in the Dharmasūtra
1 Anguttara, i, p. 213; iv, pp. 252, 266, 260. 2 Malalasekera, op. cit., ii, p. 494.
8 According to Märkandeya Purana (Chape. 57, 82-35), the comm. tries in Madhyadesa were Matsya, Kubula, Kulya, Kuntala, Käsi, Kosala, Arvuda, Pulinda, Samaka, Vika and Goverdhanapura. It refers Avanti to Aparanta.
