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210
SOME JAINA CANONICAL SOTRAS
upon the earth; undertaking to do by one's own hand what should be done by others; admiration of hurtful or unrighteous thing; proclaiming sins of others; misinterpreting the scriptural injunctions which we do not want to follow; disrespect to scriptural injunctions out of vice or laziness; expressing delight in other's misdeeds; trying to persevere in one's attachment to worldly belongings; deceitful disturbance of someone's right knowledge and faith; praising actions due to wrong belief; not renouncing what ought to be renounced.
The causes of bondage (bandha) are the following: (1) wrong belief; (2) perverse belief; (3) doubt, scepticism; (4) veneration; (5) wrong belief caused by ignorance; and (6) inborn error.
The ten virtues are the following: forgiveness (uttama kşamā), humility (uttama mārdava), honesty (uttama ārjavı),1 purity (uttama sauca), truthfulness (uttama satya), restraint (uttama samyama), austerities (uttama tapa), renunciation (uttama tyāga), selflessness (uttamu ūkincanya), and chaste life (uttama brahmacarya).
Twelve meditations 2 are the meditations on transitoriness, helplessness, mundaneness, loneliness, separateness, impurity, inflow, stoppage, relinquishment, universe, rarity of right path and nature of right path.
i Uttama īrjaou-Arjara has been understood by some as that simplicity which is opposed to cunningness.
? (f. Buddhist (subha-bharumā, l'inaya, III, p. 68, on impurity; l'isuddhimagga (PTS.), 1, 84ff., 178ff.
14B
