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originated from a realistic standpoint, but they get transiormed into their own attributes and modes from a practical point of view.29 This system of realities results in the universe being infinite as well as eternal in character. The entire universe, according to Jainism, is a compendium of the six Dravyas which are a permutation and combination of atoms. The atorn in Jainology is the smallest unitary part of pudgala, It is characterised by its internal cohesion (sneha) and indivisible unity. A molecule (anu), a combination of atoms, results in an aggregate of matter (skandha) 80 A nu is an indivisble entity and cannot be perceived by ordinary men.
Pudgala drayva is always transformed into skandha and paramānu. The upadana karana (substantive cause) and the nimitta karara (external cause are responsible for these modifications. For instance, in the manufacturing of a pot, clay is the substantive cause and the putter, stick, water, etc. are external causes. Each and every entity runs through these two causes and gets its similar modes
Thus the universe in Jaina philosophy is undivided, uncreated, eternal, sell-existent, and infinite from realistic standpoint; while from a practical standpoint of its inter-related parts it is transitory, phenomenal, evanescent, and finite, This theory rejects all the other theories based on the absolute standpoint such as Kalavada, Svabhavavada, Niyativada, Yadrochäväda, Puruşavāda, Isvarvada, Bhatuvada, etc.
The doctrine of karman seems to have developed against these doctrines of creation. According to Jainism, the vibrations (voga) and the passions (kaşayas) of soul attract karmic matter and transform it into karmic body. Soul is pure in its intrinsic nature. The relation of karmas is a cause that makes its cycling into births. This is the nature of bondage, Soul, which is amorta (spiritual), is affected by karmas which are maria ( material ). This concrete association of the spiritual and the material leads to the existence of universe, which is begianingless The material karman (drávyákarman) is a dvarand (cover) which brings about the bhävakarman (its spiritual
| SR No. | 011023 |
| Book Title | Jainism in Buddhist Literature |
| Original Sutra Author | N/A |
| Author | Bhagchandra Jain Bhaskar |
| Publisher | Alok Prakashan |
| Publication Year | 1972 |
| Total Pages | 326 |
| Language | English |
| Classification | Book_English |
| File Size | 12 MB |