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JAIN PHILOSOPHY & MODERN SCIENCE
structure As a result of several experiments it was established that the 'atom', which was considered to be a solid indivisible and simple elementary body, was in fact a complex mechanism with moving parts and lot of hollow space. However, it was Rutherford, a disciple of Thomson, who after many important and famous experiments established the nuclear structure of the 'atom' and he is therefore called the 'Father of Nuclear Physics' The small particles proved to be important portions of atoms and are called electrons After understanding the new forms of 'Paramanu', the primary elements like Gold and Silver etc, appear before us in a new shape
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THE PRESENT SHAPE OF PARAMANU The atoms, themselves, which were considered so far as elementary particles, were proved to represent rather complicated miniature solar systems Every paramanu represents a number of particles Some are embeded in its nucleus, while others constantly rotate within Its cells at a high velocity, just as the planets,saturn, mercury, mars, venus etc, rotate round the Sun. In the solar system, the distance between the electrons (planets) and the nucleus (sun) is several thousand times the diameter of the electrons Both the Nucleus and the Electrons are thousands of times smaller than the 'atom' itself. Electrons are negatively charged while nucleus contains positively charged particles. In each of the 92 elements there is a different number of electrons from 1 to 92. Thus
