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THE JAINA LOGIC OF SEVEN-FOLD PREDICATION 233 chance by }. Therefore, by combining both these probabilities, we get 1. The corresponding case for the die would be the division of the six marks into two groups on 3 planes meeting at diagonally opposite edges.
An alternative formulation is by assigning symbols to the three basic modalities, is, is not and inexpressible, a, b, and ~ c, when we get an eight valued logic of a, b, a +b, ~c, a :~c, b.~c, a + b .~c, c. Here one might think, why not take it as 3-valued logic. The reason is that, then, there is no reason why it should not be reduced to 2-valued logic. But in 2-valued logic all the eight predications, are elaborations of identity statements. But Jaina logic does not admit this It admits two forms of conjunction, and regards all the eight forms of predication as distinct.
This section is presented tentatively as an incentative to further development along these lines
M.M.-30
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