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THE QUALIFIED PUPIL tion of the senses.” 13 According to the classical Hindu science of the mind, man has five perceiving faculties (hearing, touch, sight, tastc, smell), five acting faculties (speech, grasping, locomotion, evacuation, generation), and a controlling "inner organ” (antahkaraṇa) which is made manifest as ego (ahankāra), memory (cittam), understanding (buddhi), and cogitation (manas).14 Dama refers to the decisive turning away of this entire system from the outer world. The next treasure, uparali, is “complete cessation" of the activity of the perceiving and acting sensefacultics.15 The fourth, titikṣā, "cndurance, patience," represents the power to endure without the slightest discomposure extremes of heat and cold, weal and woc, honor and abuse, loss and gain, and of all the other "pairs of opposites” (dvandva). 16 The pupil is now in a position to bring his mind past the distractions of the world. The fifth of the treasures, therefore, becomes now attainable: samādhāna, “constant concentration of the mind." The pupil is able to keep his attention fixed on the teachings of the guru, and can dwell without interruption on the holy texts, or on the symbols and ineffable themes of his intense meditations.17 Sam-ā-dhā means "to put together, unite, compose, collect; to concentrate, to fix, to apply intently (as the eye or the mind).” Samādhāna is the state attained as well as the activity itself. It is a fixing of the mind on something in absolutely undisturbed-and undisturbable-contemplation: "deep meditation, steadiness, composure, peace of mind, perfect absorption of all thought in the one object.” After this the sixth treasure can be achieved, which is perfect faith.18
Discrimination, renunciation, the “six treasures, and a
18 lb. 20. 14 Thesc are discussed infra, pp. 314-332. 16 Vedantasära 21. 16 lb. 22.
17 16. 28.
18 16. 23; for faith (sraddha), cf. supra, pp. 48-50.
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| SR No. | 007309 |
| Book Title | Philosophies of India |
| Original Sutra Author | N/A |
| Author | Heinrich Zimmer, Joseph Campbell |
| Publisher | Routledge and Kegan Paul Ltd |
| Publication Year | 1953 |
| Total Pages | 709 |
| Language | English |
| Classification | Book_English |
| File Size | 34 MB |