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Anekanta : Philosophy of co-existence
In the usages like the above, the subject-predicate relation is determined on the basis of causality which justifies the act of predicating a cause of an effect, or an effect of a cause. The Treatment of the Content as the Container In the proposition 'the summit of the cosmos is the place of emancipation (mokşa)', the cosmic summit is not intended to be called emancipation which really belongs to the soul and not to any particular place in the cosmos. The Treatment of Container as the Content In the proposition 'the dais is shouting', what is meant is that the persons seated on the dais are shouting. Here the container, viz. the dais has been used to denote the content viz. the persons seated on it. Although the pantoscopic viewpoint is right so far as its own place of application is concerned, it becomes a pseudo-naigama viewpoint as soon as it engages itself in considering the difference between an attribute and its substratum, or between a part and the whole as absolute and eternal. The Vaišesika system, according to this estimation of element, is an instance of pseudonaigama viewpoint, because it considers an attribute as absolutely different from its substratum.
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