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## Chapter Seven § 663. The meaning of *āsrava* has been explained. At the beginning of its explanation, it was said, "Auspicious is the *puṇya*." This was said in a general way. To understand its specific meaning, the question arises, "What is auspicious?" The following *sūtra* answers this: "To be free from violence, falsehood, stealing, non-celibacy, and attachment is a vow." § 664. *Sūtras* like "Violence is the harming of living beings due to carelessness" and others, explain the nature of violence and the other things mentioned. To refrain from them is called a vow. A vow is a rule that is taken upon oneself, like "This is to be done, and this is not to be done." **Objection:** Violence and the other things mentioned are specific results, not permanent. How can they be used in the ablative case? **Solution:** The ablative case is used because the intention is to indicate permanent cessation through understanding. For example, in the phrase "He refrains from virtue," the person who is devoid of understanding thinks, "Virtue is difficult, and its fruit is attainable only through faith." Thus, he refrains from virtue due to his understanding. Similarly, here, the person who acts with understanding thinks, "These results of violence, etc., are the causes of sin. Those who engage in sinful actions are punished by kings in this very life, and they suffer in the afterlife." Thus, he refrains from violence, etc., due to his understanding. Therefore, it is appropriate to use the ablative case because the intention is to indicate permanent cessation through understanding. The word *virati* should be combined with each word individually. For example: 1. "The restraints are non-violence, truthfulness, non-stealing, celibacy, and non-attachment." (Pā. Yo. Sū. 2, 301) 2. "A vow is that which is taken upon oneself and is free from the objects of *virati*." (Ratna. 3, 401) 3. "The ablative case is used for permanent cessation." (Pā. 1, 4, 24) 4. "He refrains from virtue... This person is devoid of understanding." (Pā. M. Bhā. 1, 4, 3, 24) 5. "He refrains from virtue due to his understanding." (Pā. M. Bhā. 1, 4, 3, 24) 6. "This person acts with understanding." (Mā. M. Bhā. 1, 4, 3, 24) 7. "They suffer in the afterlife due to their understanding." (Mu., Vā. Nā.)
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________________ अथ सप्तमोऽध्यायः $ 663. आसूत्रपदार्थो व्याख्यातः । तत्प्रारम्भकाले एवोक्तं 'शुभः पुण्यस्थ' इति तत्सामाम्पेनोक्तम् । तद्विशेषप्रतिपत्त्ययं कः पुनः शुभ इत्युक्ते इदमुच्यते हिसानृतस्तेयाब्रह्मपरिग्रहेभ्यो विरतिव्रतम्' ulu $ 664. 'प्रमत्तयोगात्प्राणव्यपरोपणं हिंसा' इत्येवमादिभिः सूत्रैहसादयो निर्देश्यन्ते । तेभ्यो विरमणं विरतिव्रतमित्युच्यते । व्रतमभिसन्धिकृतो नियमः, इदं कर्तव्यमिदं न कर्तव्यमिति वा । ननु च हिसादयः परिणामविशेषा अध्रुवाः, कथं तेषाम' पादानत्वमुच्यते ? बुद्धयपाये ध्रुवत्वविवक्षोपपत्तेः । यथा धर्माद्विरमतीत्यत्र य एष मनुष्यः संभिन्नबुद्धिः स पश्यति दुष्करो धर्मः, फलं चास्य श्रद्धामात्रगम्यमिति स' बुद्धचा संप्राप्य निवर्तते । एवमिहापि य' एव मनुष्यः प्रेक्षापूर्वकारी स पश्यति य एते हिंसादयः परिणामास्ते पापहेतवः । पापकर्माणि प्रवर्तमानान् जनानिहैव राजानो दण्डयन्ति परत्र च दुःखमाप्नुवन्तीति स' बुद्धया सप्राप्य निवर्तते । ततो बुद्धचा ध्रुवत्वविवक्षोपपत्तेरपादानत्वं युक्तम् । 'विरति शब्दः प्रत्येकं परिसमाप्यते हिंसाया विरतिः ठु 663. आस्रव पदार्थका व्याख्यान करते समय उसके आरम्भ में 'शुभः पुण्यस्य' यह कहा है पर वह सामान्यरूपसे ही कहा है, अत: विशेषरूपसे उसका ज्ञान करानेके लिए शुभ क्या है ऐसा पूछने पर आगेका सूत्र कहते हैं हिंसा, असत्य, चोरी, अब्रह्म और परिग्रहसे विरत होना व्रत है ॥1॥ § 664. 'प्रमत्तयोगात् प्राणव्यपरोपणं हिंसा' इत्यादि सूत्रों द्वारा हिंसादिका जो स्वरूप आगे कहेंगे उनसे विरत होना व्रत कहलाता है । प्रतिज्ञा करके जो नियम लिया जाता है वह व्रत है । या 'यह करने योग्य है और यह नहीं करने योग्य हैं इस प्रकार नियम करना व्रत है । शंका- हिंसा आदिक परिणाम विशेष ध्रुव अर्थात् सदा काल स्थिर नहीं रहते इसलिए उनका अपादान कारकमें प्रयोग कैसे बन सकता है ? समाधान- बुद्धिपूर्वक त्यागमें ध्रुवपनेकी विवक्षा बन जानेसे अपादान कारकका प्रयोग बन जाता है । जैसे 'धर्मसे विरत होता है' यहाँ जो यह धर्मसे विमुख बुद्धिवाला मनुष्य है वह विचार करता है कि 'धर्म दुष्कर है और उसका फल श्रद्धामात्रगम्य है' इस प्रकार वह बुद्धिसे समझ कर धर्मसे विरत हो जाता है। इसी प्रकार यहाँ भी जो यह मनुष्य विचारपूर्वक काम करनेवाला है वह विचार करता है कि जो ये हिंसादिक परिणाम हैं वे पापके कारण हैं और जो पाप कार्यमें प्रवृत्त होते हैं उन्हें इसी भवमें राजा लोग दण्ड देते हैं और वे पापाचारी परलोकमें दुःख उठाते हैं, इस प्रकार वह बुद्धिसे समझ कर हिंसादिकसे विरत हो जाता है । इसलिए बुद्धिसे ध्रुवत्वपनेकी विवक्षा बन जानेसे अपादान कारकका प्रयोग करना उचित है । विरति शब्दको प्रत्येक शब्दके साथ जोड़ लेना चाहिए । यथा 1. 'अहिंसासत्यास्तेयब्रह्मचर्यापरिग्रहा यमाः । पा. यो. सू. 2, 301 2. 'अभिसन्धिकृता निरतिविषयाचोम्याद्वतं भवति । रत्न. 3,401 3. 'ध्रुवमपायेऽपादानम् -पा. 1, 4, 24 । 4. 'धर्माद्विरमति X x एव मनुष्यः संभिन्नबुद्धिर्भवति स पश्यति । - पा. म. भा. 1, 4, 3, 24 1 5. स्वबुद्धया भु. 'स बुद्धया निवर्तते' - पा. म. भा. 1, 4, 3, 24 1 6. य एष मनुष्यः प्रक्षापूर्वकारी भवति स पश्यति ।' - मा. म. भा. 1, 4, 3, 24। 7. वन्तीति स्वबुद्धया मु., वा. ना. । Jain Education International For Private & Personal Use Only www.jainelibrary.org
SR No.001443
Book TitleSarvarthasiddhi
Original Sutra AuthorDevnandi Maharaj
AuthorFulchandra Jain Shastri
PublisherBharatiya Gyanpith
Publication Year1997
Total Pages568
LanguageHindi, Sanskrit
ClassificationBook_Devnagari, Philosophy, Tattvartha Sutra, & Tattvarth
File Size14 MB
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