Sukh kya Hai

Publisher: Todarmal Granthamala Jaipur
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/009476/1

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maiM kauna hU~ ? sukha kyA hai ? yaha to sarvamAnya tathya hai ki sabhI jIva sukha cAhate haiM aura duHkha se Darate haiN| na kevala cAhate haiM, apitu tadartha prayatna bhI karate haiN| subaha se zAma taka hama saba jo kucha bhI karate haiM, usake pIche ekamAtra yahI uddezya rahatA hai ki hamArA du:kha dUra ho aura hama sukhI ho jA~ya / prAta: uTha hama zaucAlaya jAte haiM aura yadi peTa khAlI ho jAya to bahuta prasanna hote haiM; para tatkAla hI khAlI peTa bharane ke lie DAyaniMga Tebala para jA baiThate haiN| samajha meM hI nahIM AtA ki khAlI peTa meM sukha hai yA bhare peTa meM? yadi peTa khAlI ho to use bharane kI par3atI hai aura bharA ho to khAlI karane ko Atura ho jAte haiN| adhika kyA kaheM ? hama Asana bhI badalate haiM to sukhI hone ke lie hI badalate haiN| ye choTe-choTe kAma bhI jIva duHkha dUra karane ke lie hI karatA hai, sukhI hone ke lie karatA hai; para duHkha dUra nahIM hotA, sukha prApta nahIM hotaa| vastuta: bAta yaha hai ki hama yaha bhI to nahIM samajhate ki vAstavika sukha hai kyA ? vastuta: sukha kahate kise haiM ? sukha kA vAstavika svarUpa samajhe binA mAtra sukha cAhane kA koI artha nahIM hotaa| prAyaH sAmAnyajana bhoga-sAmagrI ko sukha-sAmagrI mAnate haiM aura usakI prApti ko hI sukha kI prApti samajhate haiM; ata: unakA prayatna bhI usI ora rahatA hai| unakI dRSTi meM sukha kaise prApta kiyA jAya kA artha hotA hai 'bhoga-sAmagrI kaise prApta kI jAve?' unake hRdaya meM 'sukha kyA hai ?' isa taraha kA prazna hI nahIM uThatA; kyoMki unakA aMtarmana yaha mAne

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maiM kauna hU~? baiThA hai ki bhogamaya jIvana hI sukhamaya jIvana hai| bhoga sAmagrI kI upalabdhi aura usakA upabhoga hI sukha hai aura inakI anupalabdhi hI duHkha hai| ___isakAraNa ve bhogasAmagrI jor3ane meM jI-jAna se juTe rahate haiN| yahA~ taka ki jisa upabhoga ke lie yaha sabakucha kiyA jA rahA hai; usake lie bhI unake pAsa samaya nahIM hai| na khAne-pIne kA ThikAnA aura na ArAma karane ke lie samaya / basa paisA, paisA aura paisaa| paisA hI sabakucha ho gayA hai; kyoMki Aja bhoga sAmagrI prApta karane kA ekamAtra sAdhana vahI hai na? socane kI bAta yaha hai ki yaha bhoga sAmagrI sukha kI nizAnI hai yA duHkha kI ? eka vyakti kahatA hai ki maiM kabhI bImAra nahIM par3atA; kyoMki davAiyoM kA eka baoNksa aura do DaoNkTara sadA mere sAtha rahate haiN| are bhAI ! ye DaoNkTara aura davAiyoM ke baoNksa kA sadA sAtha rahanA sadA bImAra rahane kI nizAnI hai yA kabhI bImAra na par3ane kI? vAstavika sthiti to yaha hai ki jaba dA~ta the, taba canA upalabdha nahIM the aura jaba canA upalabdha hue, tabataka dA~ta gAyaba ho cuke the| jaba patthara ko bhI pacA jAne kI zakti thI, taba rukhA-sUkhA bhojana bhI upalabdha nahIM thaa| aba jaba aisI sthiti ho gaI ki cAhe to dinabhara ghI meM DUbe raha sakate haiM, sabhI kucha upalabdha hai to mUMga kI dAla ke pAnI para jIvana cala rahA hai| na ghI, na namaka, na cInI - sabhI kucha banda hai; kyoMki madhumeha, raktacApa aura hRdayaroga sabhI kucha to ho gayA hai| isaprakAra aba to icchAnusAra ghUmanA-phiranA, khAnA-pInA, maujamastI karanA - sabhI kucha baMda ho gayA hai| phira bhI jaba-jaba sukha-samRddhi kI carcA AtI hai to yahI kahA jAtA hai ki prema se raho, mehanata karo, adhika anna upajAo, audyogika sukha kyA hai? aura vaijJAnika unnati karo - isase deza meM samRddhi AvegI aura sabhI sukhI ho jaaveNge| Adarzamaya bAteM kahI jAtI haiM ki eka dina vaha hogA jaba pratyeka mAnava ke pAsa khAne ke lie pauSTika bhojana, pahinane ke lie RtuoM ke anukUla uttama vastra aura rahane ke lie vaijJAnika suvidhAoM se yukta Adhunika baMgalA hogA; taba sabhI sukhI ho jaayeNge| ___ hama isa para bahasa nahIM karanA cAhate haiM ki yaha sabakucha hogA yA nahIM; para hamArA prazna to yaha hai ki yaha sabakucha ho jAne para bhI kyA jIvana sukhI ho jAvegA? yadi hA~, to jinake pAsa yaha sabakucha hai; ve to Aja bhI sukhI hoMge? yA jo deza isa samRddhi kI sImA ko chU rahe haiM; vahA~ to sabhI sukhI aura zAnta hoMge? para dekhA yaha jA rahA hai ki ve sabhI bhI Akula-vyAkula aura azAnta haiM, bhayAkula aura cintAtura haiN| ___ are bhAI ! sabakucha svayaM para ghaTita karake hI nahIM dekhA jAtA, kucha bAteM dUsaroM ko dekhakara bhI sIkha lenA caahie| kyA Apa kAlakUTa jahara ko bhI cakhakara dekhate haiM, usakI mAraka kSamatA ko parakhane ke lie use khAte haiM ? nahIM, to phira adhikAdhika bhoga sAmagrI kI upalabdhi se hama sukhI hoMge yA nahIM? - isa bAta kA nirNaya bhI bhogasAmagrI ke Dhera para baiThe logoM ko dekhakara hI kara lenA cAhie; kyoMki isakI koI gAraMTI nahIM hai ki hama isa jIvana meM utanI bhoga sAmagrI jor3a hI leMge, jitanI jur3a jAne para hama sukhI hone kI kalpanA karate haiN| isaprakAra isa bhava meM to hama yaha bhI na jAna sakeMge ki bhoga-sAmagrI meM sukha hai yA nahIM ? mAnava aura pazuoM meM mAtra itanA hI to antara hai ki pazuoM ko apane pUrvajoM se kucha bhI sIkhane ko nahIM milatA, para manuSyoM ke pAsa pUrvajoM ke anubhava kA bhaMDAra upalabdha hai| yadi hama sabakucha apane para

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maiM kauna hU~? ghaTita karake hI dekheMge to phira hamameM aura pazuoM meM kyA antara raha jAyegA ? isalie hameM una mahApuruSoM ke jIvana se bhI kucha sIkha lenA cAhie ki jinhoMne cakravartI kI saMpadA prApta karake bhI saccA sukha prApta karane ke lie use tRNavat tyAga diyA thaa| bhAratIya purANa sAhitya isaprakAra ke aneka udAharaNoM se bhare par3e haiN| ukta udAharaNoM para gaMbhIratA se vicAra karane para hameM isa nirNaya para pahu~cane meM dera nahIM lagegI ki bhoga sAmagrI kI upalabdhi aura usake upabhoga meM vAstavika sukha nahIM hai| 'sukha kyA hai ?' isa viSaya para gaMbhIratA se socA jAnA caahie| 'vAstavika sukha kyA hai aura vaha kahA~ hai ?' isakA nirNaya kiye binA isa dizA meM saccA puruSArtha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA aura na hI saccA sukha prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai| kucha manISI isase Age bar3hate haiM aura kahate haiM - "bhAI, vastu (bhoga-sAmagrI) meM sukha nahIM hai, sukha-du:kha to kalpanA meM hai| ve apanI bAta siddha karane ke liye udAharaNa bhI dete haiM ki eka AdamI kA makAna do maMjila kA hai, para usake dAhinI ora pA~ca maMjilA makAna hai tathA bAyIM ora eka jhopar3I hai| jaba vaha dAyIM ora dekhatA hai to apane ko dukhI anubhava karatA hai aura jaba bAyIM ora dekhatA hai to sukhI; ataH sukha-dukha bhoga-sAmagrI meM na hokara kalpanA meM hai|" ve manISI salAha dete haiM ki "yadi sukhI honA hai to apane se kama bhoga-sAmagrI vAloM kI ora dekho, sukhI ho jAoge / yadi tumhArI dRSTi apane se adhika vaibhava vAloM kI ora rahI to sadA duHkha kA anubhava kroge|" sukha to kalpanA meM hai, sukha pAnA ho to jhoMpar3I kI tarapha dekho, apane se dIna-hIna kI tarapha dekho, yaha kahanA asaMgata hai; kyoMki dukhiyoM sukha kyA hai ? ko dekhakara to laukika sajana bhI dayArdra ho jAte haiN| dukhiyoM ko dekhakara aisI kalpanA karake apane ko sukhI mAnanA ki maiM unase acchA hU~, unake duHkha ke prati akaruNa bhAva to hai hI, sAtha hI mAna kaSAya kI puSTi meM saMtuSTi kI sthiti bhI hai| ise sukha kabhI nahIM kahA jA sktaa| sukha kyA jhoMpar3I meM bharA hai jo usakI ora dekhane se A jAvegA ? jahA~ sukha hai, jabataka usakI ora dRSTi nahIM jAvegI, tabataka saccA sukha prApta nahIM hogaa| sukhI hone kA yaha upAya bhI sahI nahIM hai; kyoMki yahA~ 'sukha kyA hai ?' ise samajhane kA prayatna hI nahIM kiyA gayA hai, varan bhogajanita sukha ko hI sukha mAnakara socA gayA hai| 'sukha kahA~ hai?' kA uttara kalpanA meM hai' diyA gayA hai| 'sukha kalpanA meM hai' kA artha yadi yaha liyA jAya ki sukha kAlpanika hai, vAstavika nahIM - to kyA yaha mAnA jAya ki sukha kI vAstavika sattA hai hI nahIM; para yaha bAta saMbhavata: Apako bhI svIkRta nahIM hogii| ataH spaSTa hai ki bhoga-prApti vAlA sukha jise indriya-sukha kahate haiM, kAlpanika hai tathA vAstavika sukha isase bhinna hai| vaha saccA sukha kyA hai ? mUla prazna to yaha hai|| __kucha loga kahate haiM ki tuma yaha karo, vaha karo, tumhArI manokAmanA pUrI hogI, tumheM icchita vastu kI prApti hogI aura tuma sukhI ho jaaoge| aisA kahanevAle icchAoM kI pUrti ko hI sukha aura icchAoM kI pUrti na hone ko hI duHkha mAnate hai| ___eka to icchAoM kI pUrti saMbhava hI nahIM hai| kAraNa ki ananta jIvoM meM pratyeka kI icchAe~ ananta haiM aura bhoga sAmagrI sImita; tathA eka icchA kI pUrti hote hI tatkAla dUsarI naI icchA utpanna ho jAtI hai| isaprakAra kabhI samApta na honevAlA icchAoM kA prapAtavat pravAhakrama calatA hI rahatA hai| ata: yaha to nizcita hai ki nitya badalatI huI navIna

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sukha kyA hai? maiM kauna hU~? icchAoM kI pUrti kabhI saMbhava nahIM hai| ata: tumhArI manokAmanA pUrNa hogI, icchAeM pUrNa hoMgI aura tuma sukhI ho jAvoge; aisI kalpanAe~ mAtra mRgamArIcikA hI siddha hotI haiN| na to kabhI sampUrNa icchAe~ pUrNa honevAlI haiM aura na hI yaha jIva icchAoM kI pUrti se sukhI honevAlA hai| __ vastuta: to icchAoM kI pUrti meM sukha hai hI nahIM, yaha to sira kA bojha kandhe para rakhakara sukha mAnane jaisA hai| ___ yadi koI kahe jitanI icchAe~ pUrNa hoMgI utanA to sukha hogA hI, pUrA na sahI, yaha bAta bhI ThIka nahIM hai; kAraNa ki saccA sukha to icchAoM ke abhAva meM hai, icchAoM kI pUrti meM nahIM; kyoMki hama icchAoM kI kamI (AMzika abhAva) meM AkulatA kI kamI pratyakSa anubhava karate haiN| ___ ataH yaha sahaja hI anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki icchAoM ke pUrNa abhAva meM pUrNa sukha hogA hii| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki icchA pUrNa hone para samApta ho jAtI hai; ata: use sukha kahanA caahie| para yaha kahanA bhI galata hai; kyoMki icchAoM ke abhAva kA artha icchAoM kI pUrti honA nahIM, varan icchAoM kA utpanna hI nahIM honA hai| bhoga-sAmagrI se prApta honevAlA sukha vAstavika sukha hai hI nahIM; vaha to duHkha kA hI tAratamyarUpa bheda hai| AkulatAmaya hone se vaha duHkha hI hai| sukha kA svabhAva to nirAkulatA hai aura indriyasukha meM nirAkulatA pAI nahIM jAtI hai| jo indriyoM dvArA bhogane meM AtA hai, vaha viSayasukha hai; vaha vastuta: duHkha kA hI eka bheda hai| usakA to mAtra nAma hI sukha hai| atIndriya Ananda indriyAtIta hone se use indriyoM dvArA nahIM bhogA jA sktaa| jisaprakAra AtmA atIndriya hone se iMdriyoM dvArA prApta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA; usIprakAra atIndriya sukha AtmAmaya hone se indriyoM dvArA prApta nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| jo vastu jahA~ hotI hai, use vahA~ hI pAyA jA sakatA hai| jo vastu jahA~ ho hI nahIM, jisakI sattA kI jahA~ saMbhAvanA hI na ho, use vahA~ kaise pAyA jA sakatA hai ? jisaprakAra 'jJAna' AtmA kA eka guNa hai; ata: jJAna kI prApti cetanAtmA meM hI saMbhava hai, jar3a meM nahIM; usIprakAra 'sukha' bhI AtmA kA eka guNa hai, jar3a kA nahIM; ataH sukha kI prApti AtmA meM hI hogI, zarIrAdi jar3a padArthoM meM nhiiN| jisaprakAra yaha AtmA svayaM ko na jAnakara ajJAna (mithyAjJAna) rUpa pariNamita ho rahA hai; usIprakAra yaha jIva svayaM sukhasvarUpa hokara bhI duHkharUpa pariNamita ho rahA hai aura sukha kI AzA se para-padArthoM kI ora hI jhAMka rahA hai evaM unake saMgraha meM hI prayatnazIla hai| yahI isake duHkha kA mUla kAraNa hai| isakI sukha kI khoja kI dizA hI galata hai| dizA galata hai; ata: dazA bhI galata (duHkharUpa) hogI hii| __saccA sukha pAne ke lie hameM paronmukhI dRSTi chor3akara svayaM ko (AtmA ko) dekhanA hogA, svayaM ko jAnanA hogA; kyoMki apanA sukha apanI AtmA meM hai| AtmA anaMta AnaMda kA kaMda hai, AnaMdamaya hai| ata: sukha cAhanevAloM ko AtmonmukhI honA caahie| paronmukhI dRSTivAle ko saccA sukha kabhI prApta nahIM ho sktaa| saccA sukha to AtmA dvArA anubhava kI vastu hai, kahane kI nahIM, dikhAne kI bhI nhiiN| samasta para-padArthoM para se dRSTi haTAkara antarmukha hokara apane jJAnAnandasvabhAvI AtmA meM tanmaya hone para hI vaha prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai| cUMki AtmA sukhamaya hai; ata: AtmAnubhUti hI sukhAnubhUti hai| jisaprakAra binA anubhUti ke AtmA prApta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA; usIprakAra binA AtmAnubhUti ke saccA sukha bhI prApta nahIM kiyA jA sktaa|

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maiM kauna hU~ ? gaharAI se vicAra karane para yaha pratIta hotA hai ki AtmA ko sukha kahIM se prApta nahIM karanA hai; kyoMki vaha sukha se hI banA hai, sukhamaya hI hai, sukha bhogane kI vastu hai, anubhava karane kI cIja hai| sukha ke lie kyoM tar3apanA ? sukha meM tar3apana nahIM hai, tar3apana meM sukha kA abhAva hai; tar3apana svayaM duHkha hai, tar3apana kA abhAva hI sukha hai| isIprakAra sukha ko kyA cAhanA ? cAha svayaM duHkharUpa hai, cAha kA abhAva hI sukha hai| 'sukha kyA hai ?', 'sukha kahA~ hai ?', 'vaha kaise prApta hogA ?' - ina saba praznoM kA eka hI uttara hai, eka hI samAdhAna hai aura vaha hai| AtmAnubhUti / usa AtmAnubhUti ko prApta karane kA prArambhika upAya tattvavicAra hai / para dhyAna rahe vaha AtmAnubhUti apanI prArambhika bhUmikA - tattvavicAra kA bhI abhAva karake utpanna hotI hai| 'maiM kauna hU~ ?', 'AtmA kyA hai?' aura 'AtmAnubhUti kaise prApta hotI hai ?' - ye pRthak viSaya haiM; ataH ina para pRthak se vivecana apekSita hai| 8 para-padArthoM meM lagA huA varttamAna prakaTa jJAna kA pratyeka kaNa garma tave yA registAna meM par3e hue jala-bindu ke samAna yA to jala jAtA hai yA sUkha jAtA hai, vikalpAtmaka Atma-cintana meM lagA huA jJAnakaNa kamalapatra para par3e hue jala-bindu ke samAna motI ke samAna camakatA hai; kintu AtmA meM lagA huA jJAnAMza nadI kI dhArA ke samAna nirantara vistAra ko prApta hotA huA jJAna sAgara bana jAtA hai, arthAt pUrNatA ko prApta ho jAtA hai| - DaoN. bhArilla kI DAyarI se maiM kauna hU~ 'maiM' zabda kA prayoga hama pratidina kaI bAra karate haiM, para gaharAI se kabhI yaha socane kA yatna nahIM karate haiM ki 'maiM' kA vAstavika artha kyA hai ? 'maiM' kA asalI vAcyArtha kyA hai ? 'maiM' zabda kisa vastu kA vAcaka hai? sAmAnya tarIke se socakara Apa kaha sakate haiM ki isameM gaharAI se socane kI bAta hI kyA hai ? kyA hama itanA bhI nahIM samajhate haiM ki maiM kauna hU~? aura Apa uttara bhI de sakate haiM ki 'maiM bAlaka hU~ yA javAna hU~, maiM puruSa hU~ yA strI hU~, maiM paNDita hU~ yA seTha huuN|' para merA prazna to yaha hai ki kyA Apa inake alAvA aura kucha nahIM haiM ? kyoMki ye saba to bAhara se dikhanevAlI saMyogI paryAyeM mAtra haiN| merA kahanA hai ki yadi Apa bAlaka haiM to bAlakapana to eka dina samApta ho jAnevAlA hai, para Apa to phira bhI raheMge; ataH Apa bAlaka nahIM ho sakate / isIprakAra javAna bhI nahIM ho sakate; kyoMki bAlakapana aura javAnI yaha to zarIra ke dharma haiM tathA 'maiM' zabda zarIra kA vAcaka nahIM hai| mujhe vizvAsa hai ki Apa bhI apane ko zarIra nahIM mAnate hoNge| aise hI Apa seTha to dhana ke saMyoga se haiM, para dhana to nikala jAnevAlA hai; to kyA jaba dhana nahIM rahegA, taba Apa bhI na raheMge ? tathA paNDitAI to zAstrajJAna kA nAma hai; to kyA jaba Apako zAstrajJAna nahIM thA, jaba Apa nahIM the ? yadi the, to mAlUma hotA hai ki Apa dhana aura paNDitAI se bhI pRthak haiM arthAt Apa seTha aura paNDita bhI nahIM haiN| taba prazna uThatA hai ki Akhira 'maiM hU~ kauna?' yadi eka bAra yaha prazna hRdaya kI gaharAI se uThe aura usake samAdhAna kI saccI jijJAsA jage to

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10 maiM kauna hU~? isakA uttara milanA durlabha nahIM hai; para yaha 'maiM' para kI khoja meM svayaM ko bhUla rahA hai| kaisI vicitra bAta hai ki khojanevAlA khojanevAle ko hI bhUla rahA hai| sArA jagata para kI saMbhAla meM itanA vyasta najara AtA hai ki 'maiM kauna hU~ ?' ha yaha socane-samajhane kI use phursata hI nahIM hai| ___ para-padArthoM kI khoja meM ulajhe isa jagata ko svayaM ke astitva para utanA bhI bharosA nahIM hai ki jitanA parapadArthoM ke astitva para hai| jaba maiM kisI ko rUmAla dikhAkara kahatA hU~ ki yaha rUmAla hai na ? taba sabhI kahate haiM hA~ hai; para jaba maiM kahatA hU~ ki AtmA hai na ? to loga kahate haiM ki AtmA bhI hogaa| tAtparya yaha hai ki jaisA rUmAla kA astitva hameM svIkAra hai, vaisA AtmA kA nahIM; kyoMki rUmAla ke sandarbha meM hama 'hai' kahate haiM aura AtmA ke saMdarbha meM hogA' bolate haiN| jaba maiM phira pUchatA hU~ ki AtmA hogA yA hai ? taba unakA uttara hotA hai ki jaba Apa kahate haiM to hogA hii| ___'maiM kahatA hU~; isalie hai yA vaha vAstava meM hai' ha aisA pUchane para bar3e hI bholepana se uttara dete haiM ki Apa apanI ora se thor3e hI kahate haiM, zAstroM meM jo likhA hai, vahI batAte haiN| __ jaba maiM yaha kahatA hU~ ki isakA artha to yaha huA ki AtmA ke astitva kA AdhAra zAstra hai? taba ve kahate haiM ki bAta to aisI hI hai; kyoMki zAstroM meM bhI to vahI likhA hai, jo bhagavAna kI divyadhvani meM AyA thaa| isataraha hama dekhate haiM ki AtmA hamAre lie eka sunI huI bAta hai, par3hI huI bAta hai; dekhI-jAnI nhiiN| jabataka hama svayaM ko dekheMge nahIM, jAneMge nahIM; usakI anubhUti nahIM kareMge; tabataka hameM usakA astitva bhI svIkAra nahIM hogaa| maiM kauna hU~? are bhAI, vaha AtmA aura koI nahIM, tuma svayaM hI ho| tumheM svayaM ke astitva kA bhI bharosA nahIM; isase adhika badatara sthiti aura kyA ho sakatI hai ? eka bAra use jAno, dekho aura usake astitva kA anubhava kro| jaba hama kisI ke ghara jAte haiM to usake daravAje para lagI ghaMTI ko bajAte haiN| ghara kI mAlakina ke pUchane para ki kauna hai, kyA kAma hai, kisase milanA hai ? hama apanA paricaya dete haiM, ghara ke mAlika se milane kI bAta kahate haiN| yadi gRhapati ghara meM huA to ThIka, anyathA uttara mila jAtA hai ki ve ghara para nahIM haiM; kintu maiM svayaM ke ghara jAU~ aura ghaMTI bajAU~ / andara se patnI ke pUchane para kahU~ ki maiM DaoN. bhArilla (svayaM) se milanA cAhatA huuN| subaha se unheM khoja rahA hU~, para ve mila nahIM rahe haiN| ve Apake yahA~ to nahIM Aye? jarA soco, mere dvArA aisA kahA jAne para kyA hogA? yahI na ki mujhe pAgalakhAne bheje jAne kI taiyArI hone lagegI; kyoMki loka meM koI svayaM ko khojatA phire aura kahe ki mujhe maiM nahIM mila rahA hU~ to usakA sthAna pAgala khAne ke atirikta aura kahA~ ho sakatA hai ? / isIprakAra hameM sabakucha samajha meM AtA hai; para AtmA (maiM) samajha meM nahIM AtA hai to hamArA sthAna kahA~ honA cAhie ? are bhAI, jahA~ hama raha rahe haiM hna yaha saMsAra eka pAgalakhAnA hI to hai; kyoMki yahA~ ke adhikAMza loga sabako jAna rahe haiM, para jAnanevAle ko nahIM jAnate; sabako dekha rahe haiM, para dekhanevAle ko nahIM dekhate; sabake astitva ko svIkAra karate haiM; para svayaM (AtmA) ke astitva meM saMdeha vyakta karate haiN| hama para ke dekhane-jAnane meM itane vyasta haiM ki svayaM ko jAnane ke lie hamAre pAsa samaya hI nahIM hai| are bhAI, jAnanevAle ko jAno, dekhanevAle ko dekho; svayaM ko

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12 maiM kauna hU~? pahicAno aura svayaM meM hI samA jAvo; kyoMki sukhI hone kA ekamAtra yahI upAya hai| hA~, to phira maiM hU~ kauna? 'maiM' zarIra, mana, vANI aura moha-rAga-dveSa; yahA~ taka ki kSaNasthAyI paralakSI buddhi se bhinna eka traikAlika, zuddha, anAdi-ananta, caitanya, jJAnAnandasvabhAvI dhruvatattva hU~, jise AtmA kahate haiN| jisaprakAra 'maiM baMgAlI hU~, maiM madrAsI hU~ aura maiM paMjAbI hU~; hra isa prAntIyatA ke ghaTATopa meM AdamI bhUla jAtA hai ki 'maiM bhAratIya hU~ aura prAntIyatA kI saghana anubhUti se bhAratIya rASTrIyatA khaNDita hone lagatI hai; usIprakAra 'maiM manuSya hU~, deva hU~; puruSa hU~, strI hU~; bAlaka hU~, javAna hU~; Adi meM Atmabuddhi ke bAdaloM ke bIca AtmA tirohita sA ho jAtA hai| jisaprakAra Aja ke rASTrIya netAoM kI pukAra hai ki dezapremI bandhuo! Apa loga madrAsI aura baMgAlI hone ke pahile bhAratIya haiM hra yaha kyoM bhUla jAte haiM ? usIprakAra merA kahanA hai ki hama 'maiM seTha hU~, maiM paNDita hU~, maiM bAlaka hU~, maiM vRddha hU~' ke kolAhala meM 'maiM AtmA hU~ hra yaha kyoM bhUla jAte haiM ? jisaprakAra bhArata deza kI akhaNDatA akSuNNa rakhane ke lie yaha Avazyaka hai ki pratyeka bhAratIya meM 'maiM bhAratIya hU~ hra yaha anubhUti prabala honI cAhie; kyoMki rASTrIya ekatA ke lie ukta anubhUti hI ekamAtra saccA upAya hai| usIprakAra 'maiM kauna hU~ ?' kA sahI uttara pAne ke lie 'maiM AtmA hU~' kI anubhUti prabala ho; hra yaha ati Avazyaka hai| ___ hA~ ! to strI, putra, makAna, rupayA, paisA yahA~ taka ki zarIra se bhI bhinna 'maiM' to eka cetanatattva AtmA huuN| AtmA meM uThanevAle moha-rAgadveSa bhAva bhI kSaNasthAyI vikArI bhAva hone se AtmA kI sImA meM nahIM maiM kauna hU~? Ate tathA paralakSI jJAna kA alpavikAsa bhI paripUrNa jJAnasvabhAvI AtmA kA avabodha karAne meM samartha nahIM hai| __yahA~ taka ki jJAna kI pUrNa vikasita avasthA kevalajJAna bhI anAdiananta pUrNa eka jJAnasvabhAvI AtmA nahIM ho sakatA hai; kyoMki AtmA to eka dravya hai aura yaha kevalajJAna AtmA ke jJAna guNa kI pUrNa vikasita eka paryAya mAtra hai| ___'maiM' kA vAcyArtha 'AtmA' to anAdi-ananta avinAzI traikAlika tattva hai| jabataka usa jJAnasvabhAvI avinAzI dhruvatattva meM ahaMbuddhi (vahI 'maiM' hU~ hra aisI mAnyatA) nahIM AtI; tabataka 'maiM kauna hU~ ?' yaha prazna bhI anuttarita hI rhegaa| ___ 'maiM' zabda ke dvArA jisa AtmA kA kathana kiyA jAtA hai; vaha AtmA antaronmukhI dRSTi kA viSaya hai, anubhavagamya hai; bahirlakSI daur3a-dhUpa se vaha prApta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| vaha svasaMvedya tattva hai; ata: use mAnasika vikalpoM meM nahIM bAMdhA jA sakatA hai| use indriyoM dvArA bhI upalabdha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA; kyoMki indriyA~ to mAtra sparza, rasa, gaMdha, varNa aura zabda kI grAhaka haiN| ata: ve to kevala sparza, rasa, gaMdha, varNavAle jar3atattva ko hI jAnane meM nimitta mAtra haiN| ve indriyA~ arasa, arUpI AtmA ko jAnane meM eka taraha se nimitta bhI nahIM ho sakatI haiN| ___ yaha anubhavagamya Atmavastu jJAna kA ghanapiNDa aura Ananda kA kaMda hai| rUpa, rasa, gaMdha, sparza aura moha-rAga-dveSa Adi sarva parabhAvoM se bhinna, sarvAMga paripUrNa zuddha hai| samasta parabhAvoM se bhinnatA aura jJAnAdimaya bhAvoM se abhinnatA hI isakI zuddhatA hai| yaha eka hai| ananta guNoM kI akhaNDatA kI isakI ekatA hai| aisA yaha AtmA mAtra AtmA hai aura kucha nahIM hai yAnI 'maiM' maiM hI hU~ aura kucha nhiiN| 'maiM' maiM hI hU~ aura apane meM hI sabakucha huuN| para ko dene

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maiM kauna hU~ ? 14 lAyaka mujhameM kucha bhI nahIM hai tathA apane meM paripUrNa hone se para ke sahayoga kI bhI mujhe koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| yaha AtmA vAgvilAsa aura zabdajAla se pare hai, mAtra anubhUtigamya hai / usa AtmAnubhUti ko prApta karane kA prArambhika upAya tattva - vicAra hai; para vaha AtmAnubhUti tattvavicAra arthAt Atmatattva saMbaMdhI vikalpa kA bhI abhAva karake prakaTa honevAlI sthiti hai| 'maiM kauna hU~ ?' yaha jAnane kI vastu hai, yaha anubhUti dvArA prApta honevAlA samAdhAna (uttara) hai| yaha vANI dvArA vyakta karane aura lekhanI dvArA likhane kI vastu nahIM hai| vANI aura lekhanI kI isa saMdarbha meM mAtra itanI hI upayogitA hai ki ye usakI ora saMketa kara sakatI hai| ye dizA iMgita kara sakatI hai, dazA nahIM lA sakatI haiN| maiM arthAt svayaM, svayaM kA AtmA, deha meM rahane para bhI deha se bhinna AtmA, vartamAna meM rAga-dveSarUpa pariNamita hone para bhI una kSaNika rAgadveSarUpa nazvara bhAvoM se bhinna AtmA, sAdi- sAnta paryAyoM se bhinna anAdiAtmA, anaMta guNavAlA hone para bhI guNabheda se bhinna jJAnAnanda-svabhAvI AtmA; aise AtmA ko jAnane ke lie sabase pahale zuddhAtmA ke nirUpaka zAstroM meM par3hakara aura AtmAnubhavI guruoM ke mukha se sunakara usakA sahI svarUpa samajhanA hogaa| taduparAnta paronmukhI dRSTi tyAga kara svonmukhI dRSTi se antarmukha hokara usakA anubhava karanA hogA; kucha kSaNoM ke lie hI sahI, para usI meM samA jAnA hogaa| bhagavAna AtmA arthAt maiM ko samajhane kA ekamAtra yahI samyak mArga hai| ukta mArga para calakara sabhI AtmA nija bhagavAna AtmA ko arthAt svayaM ko jAne, pahicAne aura svayaM meM rama jAye, jama jAye, svayaM meM samA jAye hna isa maMgala bhAvanA se virAma letA huuN| 8 AtmAnubhUti aura tattvavicAra 'sukha kyA hai' aura 'maiM kauna hU~?' ina praznoM kA sahI uttara prApta karane kA ekamAtra upAya AtmAnubhUti hai tathA AtmAnubhUti prApta karane kA prAraMbhika upAya tattvavicAra hai; para AtmAnubhUti apanI prAraMbhika bhUmikA tattvavicAra kA bhI abhAva karatI huI udita hotI hai; kyoMki tattvavicAra vikalpAtmaka hai aura AtmA nirvikalpaka svasaMvedya tattva hai / nirvikalpaka tattva kI anubhUti vikalpoM dvArA nahIM kI jA sakatI hai / ukta tathya 'sukha kyA hai ?' aura 'maiM kauna hU~ ?' nAmaka nibaMdhoM meM spaSTa kiyA jA cukA hai| yahA~ to vicAraNIya prazna yaha hai ki AtmAnubhUti kI dazA kyA hai aura tattvavicAra kise kahanA ? antaronmukhI vRtti dvArA AtmasAkSAtkAra kI sthiti kA nAma hI AtmAnubhUti hai| vartamAna pragaTa jJAna ko paralakSya se haTA kara svadravya (trikAlI dhruva Atmatattva) meM lagA denA hI AtmasAkSAtkAra kI sthiti hai / vaha jJAnatattva se nirmita hone se, jJAnatattva kI grAhaka hone se aura samyagjJAna - pariNati kI utpAdaka hone se jJAnamaya hai / ataH vaha AtmAnubhUti jJAyaka, jJeya, jJAna aura jJaptirUpa hokara bhI inake bheda se rahita abheda aura akhaNDa hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki jAnanevAlA bhI svayaM AtmA hai aura jAnane meM AnevAlA bhI svayaM AtmA hI hai tathA jJAnapariNati bhI AtmAmaya ho rahI hai| yaha jJAnamaya dazA Anandamaya bhI hai, yaha jJAnAnandamaya hai| isameM jJAna aura Ananda kA bheda nahIM hai| yaha jJAna bhI indriyAtIta hai aura Ananda bhI indriyAtIta / yaha atIndriya jJAnAnandarUpa dazA hI dharma hai| atIndriya jJAnAnandasvabhAvI dhruvatattva para sampUrNa pragaTa jJAnazakti kA kendrIbhUta ho jAnA dharma kI dazA hai| ataH eka mAtra yahI jJAnAnandasvabhAvI dhruvatattva

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maiM kauna hU~? dhyeya hai, sAdhya hai aura ArAdhya hai tathA mukti ke pathika tattvAbhilASI AtmArthI ko samasta jagata adhyeya, asAdhya aura anArAdhya hai| yaha caitanyabhAvarUpa AtmAnubhUti hI karane yogya kArya (karma) hai| para kI kisI bhI prakAra kI apekSA binA cetana AtmA hI isakA kartA hai aura yahI dharmapariNatirUpa jJAnacetanA samyak kriyA hai| isameM kartA, karma aura kriyA kA bheda kathanamAtra hai; vaise to tInoM hI jJAnamaya hone se abhinna (abheda) hI haiN| dharma kA AraMbha bhI AtmAnubhUti se hotA hai aura pUrNatA bhI isI kI pUrNatA meM / isase pare dharma kI kalpanA bhI nahIM kI jA sktii| AtmAnubhUti hI Atmadharma hai| sAdhaka ke lie ekamAtra yahI iSTa hai| ise prApta karanA hI sAdhaka kA mUla prayojana hai| ukta prayojana kI siddhi hetu jina vAstavikatAoM kI jAnakArI Avazyaka hai, unheM prayojanabhUta tattva kahate haiM tathA unake saMbaMdha meM kiyA gayA vikalpAtmaka prayatna hI tattvavicAra kahalAtA hai| ___maiM kauna hU~?' (jIva tattva) aura pUrNa sukha kyA hai ?' (mokSa tattva) hra ye do isa vaicArika prakriyA ke mUlabhUta prazna haiN| maiM sukha kaise prApta karU~ arthAt AtmA atIndriya Ananda kI dazA ko kaise prApta ho, jIvatattva mokSatattvarUpa kisaprakAra pariNamita ho ? hra AtmAbhilASI mumukSu ke mAnasa meM niraMtara yahI maMthana calatA rahatA hai| vaha vicAratA hai ki cetana tattva se bhinna jar3a tattva kI sattA bhI loka meM hai| AtmA meM apanI bhUla se moha-rAga-dveSa kI utpatti hotI hai tathA zubhAzubha bhAvoM kI pariNati meM hI yaha AtmA ulajhA (baMdhA) huA hai| jabataka AtmA apane svabhAva ko pahicAna kara AtmaniSTha nahIM ho jAtA; tabataka mukhyataH moha-rAga-dveSa kI utpatti hotI hI rhegii| inakI utpatti ruke, isakA eka mAtra upAya upalabdha jJAna kA Atma-kendrita ho jAnA AtmAnubhUti aura tattvavicAra hai| isI se zubhAzubha bhAvoM kA abhAva hokara vItarAga bhAva utpanna hogA aura eka samaya vaha hogA ki samasta moha-rAga-dveSa kA abhAva hokara AtmA vItarAga-pariNatirUpa pariNata ho jaayegaa| dUsare zabdoM meM pUrNa jJAnAnandamaya paryAyarUpa pariNamita ho jaayegaa| ukta vaicArika prakriyA hI tattvavicAra kI zreNI hai| svAnubhUti prApta karane kI prakriyA niraMtara tattvamaMthana kI prakriyA hai; kintu tattvamaMthanarUpa vikalpoM se bhI AtmAnubhUti prApta nahIM hogI; kyoMki koI bhI vikalpa aisA nahIM jo AtmAnubhUti ko prApta karA de| AtmAnubhUti prApta karane ke lie samasta jagata para se dRSTi haTAnI hogii| samasta jagata se Azaya hai ki AtmA se bhinna zarIra, karma Adi jar3a (acetana) dravya to para haiM hI, apane AtmA ko chor3akara anya cetana padArtha bhI para haiM tathA AtmA meM prati samaya utpanna honevAlI vikArIavikArI paryAyeM (dazA) bhI dRSTi kA viSaya nahIM ho sktiiN| unase bhI pare akhaNDa trikAlI caitanya dhruva Atmatattva hai, vahI eka mAtra dRSTi kA viSaya hai; usake Azraya se hI AtmAnubhUti pragaTa hotI hai aura usa AtmAnubhUti ko hI dharma kahA jAtA hai| ___ dUsare zabdoM meM raMga, rAga aura bheda se bhI pare cetana tattva hai| raMga mAne pudgalAdi para padArtha, rAga mAne AtmA meM uThanevAle zubhAzubharUpa rAgAdi vikArI bhAva aura bheda mAne guNa-guNI bheda va jJAnAdi guNoM ke vikAsa saMbaMdhI tAratamyarUpa bhed| ina sabase pare jJAnAnandasvabhAvI dhruva tattva hai; vahI eka mAtra Azraya karane yogya tattva hai| usake prati vartamAna jJAna ke ughAr3a kA sarvasva samarpaNa hI AtmAnubhUti kA saccA upAya hai| ___ prazna yaha nahIM hai ki Apake pAsa vartamAna pragaTarUpa kitanI jJAnazakti hai ? prazna yaha hai ki kyA Apa use pUrNata: Atmakendrita kara sakate haiN| svAnubhUti ke lie svastha mastiSka vyakti ko jitanA jJAna prApta hai, vaha

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maiM kauna hU~ ? 18 paryApta hai| para pragaTa jJAna kA Atma-svabhAva ke prati sarvasva samarpaNa eka anivArya tattva ( zarta) hai, jisake binA AtmAnubhUti prApta nahIM kI jA sktii| yadi prayojanabhUta tattvoM kA vikalpAtmaka saccA nirNaya ho gayA ho to prayojanabhUta bahirlakSI jJAna kI hInAdhikatA se koI aMtara nahIM par3atA, para ekaniSThatA (AtmaniSThatA) ati Avazyaka hai| yaha AtmA apanI bhUla se paryAya meM cAhe jitanA unmArgI bane, para AtmasvabhAva use kabhI bhI chor3a nahIM detA; kintu jabataka yaha AtmA apanI dRSTi ko samasta parapadArthoM se haTA kara AtmaniSTha nahIM ho jAtA; tabataka AtmasvabhAva kI saccI anubhUti bhI prApta nahIM ho sktii| AtmAnubhUti prApta karane ke lie bAhya sAdhanoM kI raMcamAtra bhI apekSA nahIM hai| jisaprakAra loka meM apanI vastu ke upayoga ke lie paisA kharca nahIM karanA par3atA hai; usIprakAra AtmAnubhUti ke lie bAhya sAdhanoM kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai; kyoMki svayaM ko, svayaM kI, svayaM ke dvArA hI to anubhUti karanA hai| Akhira isameM para kI apekSA kyoM ho ? AtmAnubhUti meM para ke sahayoga kA vikalpa bAdhaka hI hai, sAdhaka nhiiN| AtmAnubhUti ke kAla meM para saMbaMdhI vikalpamAtra AtmAnubhUti ekarasatA ko chinna-bhinna kie binA nahIM rahatA hai| ataH yaha nizcita hai ki jo sAdhaka apanI sAdhanA meM para ke sahayoga kI AkAMkSA se vyagra rahatA hai, usake palle mAtra vyagratA hI par3atI hai; use sAdhya kI siddhi prApta nahIM ho sktii| ataH AtmAnubhava ke abhilASI mumukSuoM ko para ke sahayoga kI kalpanA meM Akulita nahIM rahanA cAhie / zubhAzubha vikalpoM ke TUTane kI prakriyA aura krama kyA hai ? tathA paranirapekSa AtmAnubhUti ke mArga ke pathika kI aMtaraMga va bahiraMga dazA kaisI hotI hai ? ye apane Apa meM vistRta viSaya hai| ina para pRthak se vivecana apekSita hai| 10 AtmAnubhUti : prakriyA aura krama antaronmukhIvRtti dvArA AtmasAkSAtkAra kI sthiti kA nAma AtmAnubhUti hai tathA vartamAna pragaTa jJAna ko paralakSya se haTAkara svadravya (trikAlI dhruva Atmatattva) meM lagA denA hI AtmAnubhUti prApta karane kA ekamAtra upAya hai| isake pUrva tattvavicAra saMbaMdhI vaicArika (vikalpAtmaka) prakriyA calatI hai| ukta vaicArika prakriyA kI zreNiyoM ko pAra karatI huI vartamAna pragaTa jJAnazakti usa vaicArika prakriyA kA bhI abhAva karatI huI AtmonmukhI hotI hai| ataH svabhAva - grahaNa kI prakriyA tattvamaMthanapUrvaka azubha-zubha vikalpoM kA abhAva karatI huI sva ko grahaNa karatI huI hai| ukta tathya pUrva nibaMdhoM meM spaSTa kiyA jA cukA hai| yahA~ to mukhyata: vicAra kA viSaya yaha hai ki tattvamaMthanapUrvaka zubhAzubha vikalpoM ke abhAvapUrvaka AtmAnubhUti prApta karane kA vAstavika mArga kyA hai ? vaise to niraMtara AtmA meM para-lakSI vaicArika prakriyA calA hI karatI hai| eka bhI samaya aisA nahIM jAtA ki jaba manasahita prANI kucha na kucha vicAra na karatA rahatA ho / isake sAtha hI moha-rAga-dveSa kI vRtti ke kAraNa para-padArthoM meM iSTa-aniSTa kalpanAe~ bhI calA karatI haiN| ataH yaha jIva kabhI kisI kA bhalA karane kI socatA rahatA hai aura kabhI kisI kA burA karane kI socA karatA hai| dUsare kA bhalA-burA karanA isake hAtha kI bAta nahIM hai| ataH isake donoM vikalpa asat ke Azraya se utpanna hone ke kAraNa azuddha haiM; kyoMki zuddhatA kI utpatti sat ke Azraya se hotI hai| hama dUsare kA bhalA-burA kara sakate haiM yA nahIM ? yaha eka svataMtra nibaMdha kA viSaya hai / isa para alaga se vicAra kreNge| azuddha bhAvoM ko zubha aura azubha ina do bhAgoM meM bAMTA jAtA hai| ise hama isa taraha spaSTa kara sakate haiM ki bhAva do prakAra ke hote haiM hra zuddha aura azuddha; tathA azuddha bhAva bhI do prakAra ke hote haiM hra zubha aura

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21 maiM kauna hU~? azubha / isa taraha bhAva tIna prakAra ke hue hna zuddha, zubha aura azubha / para dhyAna rahe zubha aura azubha yaha donoM azuddha bhAvoM ke hI avAntara bheda haiN| dayA, dAna, pUjA, bhakti, tattvavicAra Adi ke bhAva zubhabhAva haiM aura paMcendriyoM ke viSaya evaM hiMsAdi pA~ca pApa Adi ke bhAva azubhabhAva / apane upayoga ko para se sameTa kara apane meM lIna ho jAnA hI zuddhabhAva haiN| bhUmikAnusAra rAga va rAgAMza kA abhAva hone se ise vItarAgabhAva bhI kahate haiN| zubhAzubhabhAvoM ko rAgabhAva kahate haiM aura zubhAzubhabhAvoM ke abhAvarUpa bhAva ko vItarAgabhAva kahate haiN| AtmAnubhUti kI dazA zuddhabhAva hai aura AtmAnubhUti prApta karane kA vikalpa shubhbhaav| AtmAnubhUti prApta karane ke vikalpa azubhabhAvoM ke abhAvapUrvaka hI Ate haiN| AtmAnubhUti kI prApti ke prayatna ke kAla meM hiMsAdi aura bhogAdi ke vikalpa bane raheM, yaha saMbhava hI nhiiN| usa kAla meM to bahuta se zubha vikalpa bhI pralaya ko prApta ho jAte haiM; vizeSakara ve zubha vikalpa jo AtmA ke lakSya se utpanna na hokara para ke lakSya se utpanna hote haiN| zubhabhAva bhI kaI prakAra ke hote haiN| Atmakhoja saMbaMdhI vikalpa bhI zubha bhAvoM meM Ate haiM aura dIna-dukhiyoM kI sahAyatA karane ke bhAva, dayA, dAna, pUjA, bhakti Adi ke bhAva bhI zubhabhAvoM meM Ate haiN| tattvavicAra kI zreNI meM Atmakhoja saMbaMdhI zubhabhAva bhI Ate haiM, anya nhiiN| unakA vargIkaraNa sAta yA nau tattvoM ke rUpa meM kiyA jAtA hai| vaise Atmacintana saMbaMdhI vikalpoM ke bhI asaMkhya bheda haiM, jinheM zabdoM meM nahIM bAMdhA jA sakatA hai| ukta kathana bhI nAsti kI apekSA se hai| AtmAnubhUti prApta karane kI prakriyA sadbhAvAtmaka hai, abhAvAtmaka nhiiN| sthiti yaha hai ki jisaprakAra gumazudA vyakti kI talAza ke lie pulisa usakI bAharI rUparekhA (huliyA) usako pratyakSa dekhanevAle vyakti ke kathana ke AdhAra para likha letI hai aura usake AdhAra para usakI khoja kI jAtI hai tathA jisaprakAra vaijJAnika naI khoja karane ke pUrva eka parikalpanA karate haiM aura usake AdhAra para apane khoja AraMbha karate haiM; usIprakAra AtmasAkSAtkAra karanevAle vItarAgI sarvajJa AtmAnubhUti : prakriyA aura krama mahApuruSoM ke kathanAnusAra AtmasaMbaMdhI vikalpAtmaka AdhAra lekara mumukSu AtmAnubhUti kI dizA kI ora agrasara hote haiN| vaijJAnika kalpanA aura Atmika kalpanA meM itanA aMtara hai ki vaijJAnika kalpanA kA AdhAra mAtra bauddhika hai, ata: vaha galata bhI siddha ho sakatI hai; para Atmika kalpanA bauddhika hone ke sAtha hI zAstrAdhAra para nirmita hotI hai; ata: usake galata hone kA prazna hI nahIM utthtaa| para jabataka hameM AtmAnubhUti nahIM ho jAtI, tabataka vaha zraddhA samyak-zraddhA (samyagdarzana) nhiiN|| yadyapi vaha zraddhA AtmAnubhUti prApta puruSa kI bhAMti nahIM hai| tathApi usameM vikalpAtmaka dRDhatA kI kamI nahIM hai| isake binA vRtti kA antaronmukhI honA saMbhava nahIM hai| yaha eka aisI dazA hai, jise samyak Atmadarzana kA abhAva hai, yaha vikalpAtmaka hai| samyak na hone para bhI pUrNata: avizvasanIya bhI nahIM hai| yadi ukta savikalpa zraddhA avizvasanIya ho to phira usake AdhAra para Atmakhoja saMbaMdhI kArya nahIM calAyA jA sakatA aura yadi use pUrNa zraddhA svIkAra kara lI jAve to phira khoja arthAt AtmAnubhUti prApta karane kI dizA meM bar3hane kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM rhtii| ataH use vAstavika zraddhA svIkAra na karate hae bhI azraddhA na kahakara vyavahAra zraddhA kahA jAtA hai| kintu yaha vyavahAra zraddhA bhI upacAra se hai; kyoMki saccI vyavahAra zraddhA to nizcaya zraddhA ke sAtha hI hotI hai| AtmAnubhUti (nizcaya) pUrvaka, zAstrAdhAra para kI gaI tarkasammata zraddhA hI saccI vyavahAra zraddhA hai| AtmAnubhUti-prApti ke lie sannaddha puruSa prathama to zrutajJAna ke avalambana se AtmA kA vikalpAtmakasamyaka nirNaya karatA hai| tatpazcAt AtmA kI prakaTa-prasiddhi ke lie, para-prasiddhi kI kAraNabhUta indriyoM se matijJAnatva ko sameTa kara AtmAbhimukha karatA hai tathA aneka prakAra ke naya pakSoM kA avalambana karane vAle vikalpoM se AkulatA utpanna karane vAlI zrutajJAna kI buddhiyoM ko bhI gauNa kara zrutajJAna ko bhI AtmAbhimukha karatA haA vikalpAnabhavoM ko pAra kara svAnabhava dazA ko prApta ho jAtA hai| AtmAnubhUti prApta AtmA kI aMtaraMga aura bAhya dazA kaisI hotI hai hna ise agale nibaMdha meM spaSTa kreNge|

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AtmAnubhavI puruSa : aMtarbAhya dazA tattvavicAra kise kahate haiM aura AtmAnubhUti kyA hai tathA vaha kaise prApta kI jA sakatI hai ? Adi viSaya pUrva nibaMdhoM meM spaSTa kie jA cuke haiN| yahA~ to vicAraNIya viSaya yaha hai ki AtmAnubhUti prApta puruSa (AtmA) kI antarbAhya pariNati kaisI hotI hai ? AtmAnubhUti prApta puruSoM kI antarpariNati anubhUti ke kAla meM atyanta zAMta evaM jJAnAnaMdamaya hotI hai / dRSTi ke aMtarmukha hote hI samasta zubhAzubha vikalpajAla pralaya ko prApta ho jAte haiN| antara meM nirvikalpaka atIndriya Ananda kA aisA dariyA umar3atA hai ki samAtA hI nahIM / ve AtmAnanda meM magna ho jAte haiN| unakA jJAna antaronmukhI hone se evaM AnaMda paMcendriyoM ke viSayoM se utpanna huA na hone se atIndriya va svAzrita hotA hai| vaha jJAnAnanda kI dazA aisI hotI hai ki bAhara kI ananta pratikUlatAe~ aura anukUlatAe~ use bhagna nahIM kara sktiiN| unheM unakI khabara hI nahIM pdd'tii| ve to apane meM aise magna ho jAte haiM ki loka kI koI bhI ghaTanA unake Ananda sAgara meM bha~vara paidA nahIM kara sktii| unakA vaha Ananda siddhoM ke Ananda ke samAna hI hai| yadyapi abhI usameM apUrNatA hai, siddhoM ke Ananda kA anaMtavA~ bhAga hI hai; tathApi hai usI jAti kA / AtmAnubhUti ke kAla ke pazcAt anya samaya meM bhI unheM usakI khumArI sadA banI rahatI hai; kyoMki anya samaya meM bhI bhUmikAnusAra zuddha pariNati kA aMza evaM labdhirUpa se zuddhAtmAnubhUti pAI jAtI hai| paripUrNa nija AtmA kA rasa (svAda) cakha lene para jagata ke samasta rasa phIke ho jAte haiN| paMcendriya ke viSayoM kI ruci haTa jAtI hai| jagata ke samasta bAhya kriyA-kalApoM aura daur3a-dhUpa se virakti ho jAtI hai| duHkha kA ghara yaha saMsAra, isake prati kautUhala kA bhAva samApta ho jAtA hai aura mana meM 12 AtmAnubhUti puruSa : aMtarbAhya dazA uThanevAlI rAga-dveSa kI kalpanAe~ bhI maMda par3ane lagatI haiN| unakI dazA jagata ke jIvoM ko kucha aTapaTI sI lagatI haiM; kyoMki (puNya ke phala) atula bhoga-sAmagrI ke bIca rahakara bhI unake antara meM laukika sampadA ko koI sthAna prApta nahIM hotA hai| bhaya aura lAlaca unake sAmane koI mahattva nahIM rkhte| laukika mAna-sammAna kA unakI dRSTi meM koI mUlya nahIM hotA / AtmAnubhUti prApta puruSoM ke citta ko vartamAna ApattiyA~ aura sampattiyA~ vicalita nahIM kara pAtI haiN| 23 laukika ghaTanAe~ unheM AMdolita nahIM karatIM, ve mAtra unheM jAnate haiM, ve unake jJAna kA mAtra jJeya banakara raha jAtI haiN| bhUmikAnusAra kamajorI ke kAraNa kiMcit rAga-dveSa utpanna bhI ho jAveM to ve use bhI jJAna kA jJeya banA lete haiN| ve samasta para-padArthoM ko, yahA~ taka ki apanI pariNati ko bhI, mAtra jAnate-dekhate hue pravartate haiN| unakA hRdaya sAgara ke samAna gaMbhIra ho jAtA hai| jisaprakAra sAgara barasAtI bADha se yukta aneka nadiyoM ke eka sAtha Akara girane para bhI AMdolita nahIM hotA; usIprakAra iSTa-aniSTa laganevAle jagata ke anekoM parivartana bhI jJAnI AtmA ko AMdolita nahIM kara pAte tathA jisaprakAra samudra apanI maryAdA ko nahIM ulAMghatA; usIprakAra ve bhI apanI jJAnasvabhAva kI sImA kA kabhI ullaMghana nahIM krte| asIma nizaMkatA, bhogoM ke prati anAsakti, samasta padArthoM kI vikRta - avikRta dazAoM meM samatA bhAva, vastusvarUpa kI painI pakar3a, para ke doSoM ke prati upekSA bhAva, Atmazuddhi kI vRddhiMgata dazA, vizvAsoM kI dRDhatA, pariNAmoM kI sthiratA, guNa aura guNiyoM meM anurAga, AtmalInatA dvArA apanI aura upadezAdi dvArA vastutattva kI prabhAvanA unakI apanI vizeSatAe~ haiN| unakA citta caMdana ke samAna zItala (zAnta) ho jAtA hai| unameM dInatA nahIM rahatI, ve viSayoM ke bhikhArI nahIM hote| ve apane lakSya (AtmA) ko prApta kara lene se sacce lakSapati ( lakhapati) hote haiN| sAtha

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24 maiM kauna hU~ ? hI unake hRdaya meM pUrNa AtmasvabhAva ko prApta karanevAle sarvajJa- vItarAgiyoM ke prati anaMta bhakti kA bhAva rahatA hai| jisaprakAra gRhasthoM ke bacce unake makAna ke sAmane se gujarane vAle mArga meM khelA karate haiM; usIprakAra ye jinezvara ke laghunandana muktimArga meM khelA karate haiN| tAtparya yaha hai ki unakI dharmapariNati svAbhAvika aura sahaja hotI hai; unheM khIMcatAna kara use nahIM karanA par3atA, vaha unheM bojha rUpa nahIM hotii| yadyapi rAga-dveSa kI tIvratA ke kAla meM unake bAhara meM tIvra krodhAdika rUpa pariNati bhI dekhane meM Ave, ve bhogoM meM pravarta hote hue bhI dikhAI deM, bhayaMkara yuddha meM siMha se garjate pravarta hoM; tathApi unakI zraddhA meM para ke kartRtva kA ahaMkAra nahIM hotA / para se pRthaktva evaM usake akartRtva kI zraddhA sadA vidyamAna rahatI hai| unakI pravRtti dhAya ke samAna hotI hai| jisaprakAra dhAya anya ke bAlaka kA pAlana-poSaNa bhI apane bAlakavat hI karatI hai; parantu usake aMtara meM yaha zraddhA sadA hI banI rahatI hai ki yaha bAlaka merA nahIM hai tathA eka samaya bhI vaha isa bAta ko bhUla nahIM paatii| usIprakAra jJAnI jana jagata ke kAryoM meM pravRtta dikhAI dene para bhI unheM unase ekatva nahIM vyApatA hai| jisaprakAra aneka gRha-kAryoM ko dekhate hue evaM sakhIjana se aneka prakAra kI carcAyeM karate hue bhI mahilAoM kA mana apane patiyoM para hI lagA rahatA hai, ve unheM bhUla nahIM pAtIM, usIprakAra AtmAnubhavI AtmAe~ bhI jagata ke kriyA-kalApoM meM vyasta rahate dikhAI dene para bhI AtmavismRta nahIM hotIM / unakI Atma jAgRti labdhirUpa se sadA banI rahatI hai| jisaprakAra seTha ke kArya meM pravRtta munIma kA samasta bAhya vyavahAra seTha ke samAna hI hotA hai| vaha isaprakAra kI carcA va cintA karatA huA bhI dekhA jAtA hai ki 'hameM apanA mAla becanA hai, adhika bhAva utara jAveMge to hameM bahuta nukasAna hogaa|' harSa-viSAda ko bhI prApta hotA dekha jAtA hai; kintu antara meM seTha se apane pRthaktva ko kabhI bhI bhUlatA nahIM 13 AtmAnubhUti puruSa : aMtarbAhya dazA 25 hai| vaha acchI taraha jAnatA hai ki mujhe kaisA nukasAna aura kyA lAbha ? lAbha-hAni to seThajI kI hai| usIprakAra jJAniyoM ke bAhya kAryoM meM ekAkAra dikhane para bhI antara meM vidyamAna pRthakatA unheM jala se bhinna kamala evaM kardama (kIcar3a ) meM par3e nirmala kaMcana ke samAna hI rakhatI hai| bhogAdi pravRtti ke samAna dehAzrita vrata-saMyama kriyAoM meM bhI unakA apanatva nahIM hotaa| jJAnI - gRhastha kI dazA bar3I hI vicitra hotI hai| vaha na to bhogoM ko ajJAniyoM ke samAna bhogatA hI hai; kyoMki use bhoga kI ruci na hokara AtmAnanda kI ruci hai aura na vaha apanI kamajorI ke kAraNa unheM tyAga hI pAtA hai| yadi pUrNa tyAga de to phira gRhastha na rahakara sAdhu ho jAyegA / ataH usakI dazA eka taraha se na bhoganerUpa hI hai aura na tyAganerUpa hI / usakI dazA to usa kaMjUsa vyakti ke samAna hai, jo saba prakAra se sampanna hone para bhI apanI lobha pravRtti ke kAraNa apane ghara svayaM ke lie miSTAnna banA kara kabhI khAtA nahIM; atithi ke Ane para kadAcit banAtA bhI hai aura usake sAtha baiTha kara khAtA bhI hai; para atithi ke samAna usameM magna nahIM ho pAtA ; kyoMki vaha khAte samaya bhI apanI lobha pariNati kA hI vedana karatA rahatA hai, miSTAnna ke svAda kA pUrA Ananda nahIM le pAtA / usI prakAra AtmAnubhUti prApta puruSa viSayoM ke bIca rahakara bhI viSayoM ke prati ruci ke abhAva evaM Atmaruci ke sadbhAva ke kAraNa ajJAnI ke samAna bhogoM meM magna nahIM hotA hai| ataH use isa apekSA bhogI bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA tathA apanI aMtaraMga pariNati meM jo rAgabhAva hai, usake kAraNa vaha bhogoM ko tyAga bhI nahIM pAtA / ataH vaha bhogoM kA tyAga na kara pAne kI vajaha se tyAgI bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| vaha na bhogI hai aura na tyaagii| vastuta: vaha to niraMtara tyAga kI bhAvanA vAlA bhogoM ke bIca khar3A huA anAsakta vyakti hai| AtmAnubhava prApta jJAnI puruSa kI aMtarbAhya pariNati eka aisA viSaya hai; jisake vivecana ke lie eka svataMtra grantha kI racanA apekSita hai| *

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ahiMsA 'ahiMsA paramo dharmaH' ahiMsA ko paramadharma ghoSita karane vAlI yaha sUkti Aja bhI bahu pracalita hai| yaha to eka svIkRta tathya hai ki ahiMsA paramadharma hai; para prazna yaha hai ki ahiMsA kyA hai? sAdhAraNa bhASA meM ahiMsA zabda kA artha hotA hai hra hiMsA na karanA; kintu jaba bhI hiMsA-ahiMsA kI carcA calatI hai, to hamArA dhyAna prAyaH dUsare jIvoM ko mAranA, satAnA yA unakI rakSA karanA Adi kI ora hI jAtA hai| hiMsA-ahiMsA kA sambandha prAyaH dUsaroM se hI jor3A jAtA hai| dUsaroM kI hiMsA mata karo, basa yahI ahiMsA hai, aisA hI sarvAdhika vizvAsa hai; kintu yaha ekAMgI dRSTikoNa hai| apanI bhI hiMsA hotI hai, isa ora bahuta kama logoM kA dhyAna jAtA hai| jinakA jAtA bhI hai to ve bhI AtmahiMsA kA artha kevala viSabhakSaNAdi dvArA AtmaghAta ( AtmahatyA) hI mAnate haiM, usakI gaharAI taka pahu~cane kA prayatna nahIM kiyA jAtA hai| antara meM rAga-dveSa-moha kI utpatti kA honA bhI hiMsA hai, yaha bahuta kama loga jAnate haiN| prasiddha jainAcArya amRtacandra ne antaraMga pakSa ko lakSya meM rakhate hue puruSArthasiddhayupAya meM hiMsA-ahiMsA kI nimnalikhita paribhASA dI hai hra "aprAdurbhAvaH khalu rAgAdInAM bhavyatyahiMseti / teSAmevotpattihiMseti jinAgamasya saMkSepaH // 44 // AtmA meM rAga-dveSa-mohAdi bhAvoM kI utpatti honA hI hiMsA hai aura ina bhAvoM kA AtmA meM utpanna nahIM honA hI ahiMsA hai| yahI jinAgama kA sAra hai / " yahA~ svAbhAvika prazna yaha uThatA hai ki kyA phira jIvoM kA maranA, mAranA hiMsA nahIM hai aura unakI rakSA karanA ahiMsA nahIM ? 14 ahiMsA isa prazna kA uttara dene ke pUrva hameM jIvana aura maraNa ke svarUpa para vicAra karanA hogA / 'maraNaM prakRtirzarIriNAM' hra isa sUkti ke anusAra yaha eka sthApita satya hai ki jo janma letA hai, vaha eka na eka dina maratA avazya hai; zarIradhArI amara nahIM hai| samaya Ane para yA to vaha dUsare prANI dvArA mAra DAlA jAtA hai yA svayaM mara jAtA hai| 27 yadi mRtyu ko hiMsA mAneM to kabhI bhI hiMsA kI samApti nahIM hogI tathA jIvana yA janma ko ahiMsA mAnanA hogA; kyoMki jIvana aura janma maraNa ke viloma zabda haiN| ataH mRtyu ko hiMsA mAnanA saMbhava nahIM hai| loka meM bhI yathAsamaya binA bAhya kAraNa ke hone vAlI mRtyu ko hiMsA nahIM kahA jAtA hai aura na sahaja jIvana yA janma ko ahiMsA hI kahA jAtA hai| isIprakAra bAr3ha, bhUkampa Adi prAkRtika kAraNoM se bhI hajAroM prANI mara jAte haiM; kintu use bhI hiMsA ke antargata nahIM liyA jAtA hai| isaprakAra maranA hiMsA aura jIvana yA janma ahiMsA hna yaha to siddha nahIM hotaa| jahA~ taka mArane aura bacAne kI bAta hai, usake sambandha meM samayasAra meM samAgata AcArya kundakunda ke nimnalikhita kathanoM kI ora dhyAna denA hogA hra "jo maNNadi hiMsAmi ya hiMsijjAmi ya parehiM sattehiM / so mUr3ho aNNANI NANI etto du vivarIdo / / 247 / / AukkhayeNa maraNaM jIvANaM jiNavarehiM paNNattaM / AuM Na haresi tumaM kaha te maraNaM kadaM tesiM / / 248 / / AukkhayeNa maraNaM jIvANaM jiNavarehiM paNNattaM / AuM Na haraMti tuhaM kaha te maraNaM kadaM tehiM / / 248 / / jo maNadi jIvemiya jIvijjAmi ya parehiM sattehiM / so mUr3ho aNNANI NANI eto du vivarIdo / / 250 / /

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ahiMsA 29 maiM kauna hU~? AUdayeNa jIvadi jIvo evaM bhaNaMti savvaNhU / AuM ca Na desi tumaM kahaM tae jIvadaM kadaM tesiM / / 251 / / AUdayeNa jIvadi jIvo evaM bhaNaMti savvaNhU / AuM ca Na diti tuhaM kahaM Nu te jIvidaM kadaM tehiM / / 252 / / maiM mAratA hU~ anya ko yA mujhe mAre anya jana / yaha mAnyatA ajJAna hai jinavara kaheM he bhavyajana! / / 247 / / nija Ayu kSaya se maraNa ho yaha bAta jinavara ne khii| tuma mAra kaise sakoge jaba Ayu hara sakate nahIM? // 248 / / nija Ayu kSaya se maraNa ho yaha bAta jinavara ne khii| ve maraNa kaise kareM taba jaba Ayu hara sakate nahIM ? ||249 / / maiM hU~ bacAtA anya ko mujhako bacAve anyajana / yaha mAnyatA ajJAna hai jinavara kaheM he bhavyajana !||250 / / saba Ayu se jIvita raheM - yaha bAta jinavara ne khii| jIvita rakhoge kisa taraha jaba Ayu de sakate nahIM ? ||251 / / saba Ayu se jIvita raheM yaha bAta jinavara ne khii| kaise bacAveM ve tujhe jaba Ayu de sakate nahIM ? ||252 / / jo yaha mAnatA hai ki maiM para-jIvoM ko mAratA hU~ aura para-jIva mujhe mArate haiM; vaha mUr3ha hai, ajJAnI hai aura isase viparIta mAnane vAlA jJAnI hai| jIvoM kA maraNa Ayukarma ke kSaya se hotA hai, aisA jinendradeva ne kahA hai| tuma parajIvoM ke Ayukarma ko to harate nahIM ho phira tumane unakA maraNa kaise kiyA? jIvoM kA maraNa Ayukarma ke kSaya se hotA hai, aisA jinendradeva ne kahA hai| para-jIva tere Ayukarma ko to harate nahIM haiM to unhoMne terA maraNa kaise kiyA? jo jIva yaha mAnatA hai ki maiM para-jIvoM ko jilAtA (rakSA karatA) hU~ aura para-jIva mujhe jilAte (rakSA karate) haiM; vaha mUr3ha hai, ajJAnI hai aura isase viparIta mAnane vAlA jJAnI hai| jIva Ayukarma ke udaya se jItA hai, aisA sarvajJadeva ne kahA hai| tuma para-jIvoM ko Ayukarma to nahIM dete to tumane unakA jIvana (rakSA) kaise kiyA? ___ jIva Ayukarma ke udaya se jItA hai, aisA sarvajJadeva kahate haiN| parajIva tujhe Ayukarma to dete nahIM haiM to unhoMne terA jIvana (rakSA) kaise kiyA?" ukta kathana kA niSkarSa dete hue anta meM ve likhate haiM hra "jo maradijo ya duhido jAyadi kammodayeNa sosvvo| tamhA du mArido de duhAvido cedi Na hu micchA / / 257 / / joNa maradiNa ya duhido so vi ya kammodayeNa ceva khlu| tamhA Na mArido No duhAvido cedi Na hu micchA / / 258 / / jo mare yA jo duHkhI hoM ve saba karama ke udaya se| 'maiM duHkhI karatA-mAratA-yaha bAta kyoM mithyA na ho? ||257 / / jo nA mare yA duHkhI nA ho saba karama ke udaya se| 'nA duHkhI karatA mAratA'-yaha bAta kyoM mithyA na ho ? ||258 / / jo maratA hai aura jo duHkhI hotA hai, vaha saba karmodaya se hotA hai; ataH 'maiMne mArA, maiMne duHkhI kiyA' aisA terA abhiprAya kyA vAstava meM mithyA nahIM hai? avazya hI mithyA hai| aura jo na maratA hai aura na duHkhI hotA hai, vaha bhI vAstava meM karmodaya se hI hotA hai| ataH 'maiMne nahIM mArA, maiMne duHkhI nahIM kiyA' aisA terA abhiprAya kyA vAstava meM mithyA nahIM hai? avazya hI mithyA hai|" ukta saMpUrNa kathana ko AcArya amRtacandra ne samayasAra kI AtmakhyAti TIkA meM do chandoM meM nimnAnusAra abhivyakta kiyA hai hra sarvaM sadaiva niyataM bhavati svakIya hna karmodayAnmaraNajIvitaduHkhasaukhyam / ajJAnametadiha yattu paraH parasya kuryAtpumAnmaraNajIvitaduHkhasaukhyam / / 168 / /

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30 ajJAnametadadhigamya parAtparasya pazyaMti ye maraNajIvitaduHkhasaukhyam / karmANyahaMkRtirasena cikIrSavaste maiM kauna hU~ ? mithyAdRzo niyatamAtmano bhavati / / 169 / / isa jagata meM jIvoM ke jIvana-maraNa, sukha-duHkha - yaha saba sadaiva niyama se apane dvArA upArjita karmodaya se hotA hai| 'dUsarA puruSa isake jIvana-maraNa, sukha-duHkha kA kartA hai' - yaha mAnanA to ajJAna hai| jo puruSa para ke jIvana-maraNa, sukha-duHkha kA karttA dUsaroM ko mAnate haiM; ahaMkAra rasa se karmodaya ko karane ke icchuka ve puruSa niyama se mithyAdRSTi haiM aura apane AtmA kA ghAta karane vAle haiN| ukta kathanoM ke AdhAra para yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki jainAcAryoM ko yaha kadApi svIkArya nahIM hai ki koI vyakti kisI dUsare vyakti ko mAra yA bacA sakatA hai athavA duHkhI yA sukhI kara sakatA hai| jaba koI kisI ko mAra hI nahIM sakatA aura marate ko bacA bhI nahIM sakatA hai to phira 'mArane kA nAma hiMsA aura bacAne kA nAma ahiMsA' yaha kahanA kyA artha rakhatA hai? dravyasvabhAva se AtmA kI amaratA evaM paryAya ke parivartana meM svayaM ke upAdAna evaM karmodaya ko nimitta svIkAra kara lene ke bAda eka prANI dvArA dUsare prANI kA vadha aura rakSA karane kI bAta meM kitanI saccAI raha jAtI hai| hna yaha eka socane kI bAta hai| ataH yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki na marane kA nAma hiMsA hai na mArane kA, isIprakAra na jIne kA nAma ahiMsA hai na jilAne kA / hiMsA-ahiMsA kA saMbaMdha sIdhA AtmapariNAmoM se hai| ve donoM AtmA ke hI vikArI- avikArI pariNAma haiN| jar3a meM unakA janma nahIM hotA / yadi koI patthara kisI prANI para gira jAya aura usase usakA maraNa ho jAya to patthara ko hiMsA nahIM hotI; kintu koI prANI kisI ko mArane kA 16 ahiMsA 31 vikalpa kare to use hiMsA avazya hogI, cAhe vaha prANI mare yA na mare / hiMsA-ahiMsA jar3a meM nahIM hotI, jar3a ke kAraNa bhI nahIM hotii| unakA utpatti sthAna va kAraNa donoM hI cetana meM vidyamAna haiN| cidvikAra hone se jhUTha, corI, kuzIla aura parigraha - saMgraha ke bhAva bhI hiMsA ke hI rUpAntara haiN| AcArya amRtacandra ke zabdoM meM hra " AtmapariNAma hiMsanahetutvAtsarvameva hiMsaitat / anRtavacanAdikevalamudAhRtaM ziSyabodhAya / / ' AtmA ke zuddha pariNAmoM ke ghAta hone se jhUTha, corI, Adi sabhI hiMsA hI haiM; bheda karake to mAtra ziSyoM ko samajhAne ke lie kahe gaye haiN|" vastutaH hiMsA-ahiMsA kA sambandha para jIvoM ke jIvana-maraNa, sukhaduHkha se na hokara AtmA meM utpanna hone vAle rAga-dveSa- moha pariNAmoM se hai / para ke kAraNa AtmA meM hiMsA utpanna nahIM hotii| kahA bhI hai hra "sUkSmApi na khalu hiMsA paravastunibandhanA bhavati puMsaH hiMsAyatananivRttiH pariNAmavizuddhaye tadapi kAryA / / yadyapi para-vastu ke kAraNa raMca mAtra bhI hiMsA nahIM hotI hai; tathApi pariNAmoM kI zuddhi ke lie hiMsA ke sthAna parigrahAdi ko chor3a denA cAhie; kyoMki jIva cAhe mare yA na mare hna ayatnAcAra (anargala ) pravRtti vAloM ko baMdha hotA hai| so hI kahA hai hra maradu va jiyadu jIvo ayadAcArasya NicchidA hiMsA / payadassa Natthi baMdho hiMsAmetteNa samidassa / / jIva mare yA jiye aprayata AcaraNa vAle ke aMtaraMga hiMsA nizcita hai| prayata ke, samiti vAle ke bahiraMga hiMsA mAtra se baMdha nahIM hai| " 2. puruSArthasiddhayupAya, chanda 49 1. puruSArthasiddhayupAya, chanda 42 3. AcArya kundakunda : pravacanasAra gAthA 217

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ahiMsA 33 maiM kauna hU~? hiMsA ke do bheda karake samajhAyA gayA hai| bhAvahiMsA aura drvyhiNsaa| rAgAdi ke utpanna hone para AtmabhAvoM ke upayoga kI zuddhatA (zuddhopayoga) kA ghAta honA bhAvahiMsA hai aura rAgAdi bhAva haiM nimitta jisameM, aise apane aura parAye dravyaprANoM kA ghAta honA dravyahiMsA hai| ____ vyavahAra meM jise hiMsA kahate haiM hra jaise kisI ko satAnA, duHkha denA Adi; vaha hiMsA na ho, yaha bAta nahIM hai| vaha to hiMsA hai hI; kyoMki usameM pramAda kA yoga rahatA hai| ___ AcArya umAsvAmI ne 'pramattayogAt-prANavyaparopaNaM hiMsA' kahA hai| pramAda ke yoga se prANiyoM ke dravya aura bhAva prANoM kA ghAta honA hiMsA hai| unakA pramAda se Azaya moha-rAga-dveSa Adi vikAroM se hI hai| ataH ukta kathana meM dravya-bhAva meM donoM prakAra kI hiMsA samAhita ho jAtI hai| parantu hamArA lakSya prAyaH bAhya hiMsA para kendrita rahatA hai. aMtaraMga meM hone vAlI bhAvahiMsA kI ora nahIM jA pAtA hai; ataH yahA~ para vizeSakara aMtaraMga meM hone vAlI rAgAdibhAvarUpa bhAvahiMsA kI ora dhyAna AkarSita kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ yaha prazna ho sakatA hai ki tIvra rAga to hiMsA hai, para maMdarAga ko hiMsA kyoM kahate ho? kintu jaba rAga hiMsA hai to maMdarAga ahiMsA kaise ho jAyegA? vaha bhI to rAga kI hI eka dazA hai| yaha bAta avazya hai ki maMdarAga maMdahiMsA hai aura tIvrarAga tIvrahiMsA hai| ataH yadi hama hiMsA kA pUrNa tyAga nahIM kara sakate haiM to use maMda to karanA hI caahie| rAga jitanA ghaTe utanA hI acchA hai, para usake sadbhAva ko dharma nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| dharma to rAga-dveSa-moha kA abhAva hI hai aura vahI ahiMsA hai, jise paramadharma kahA jAtA hai| ___ eka yaha prazna bhI saMbhava hai ki aisI ahiMsA pUrNataH to sAdhu ke bhI saMbhava nahIM hai| ataH sAmAnyajanoM (zrAvakoM) ko to dayArUpa (dUsaroM ko bacAne kA bhAva) ahiMsA hI saccI hai| AcArya amRtacandra ne zrAvaka ke AcaraNa ke prakaraNa meM hI isa bAta ko lekara yaha siddha kara diyA hai ki ahiMsA do prakAra kI nahIM hotii| ahiMsA ko jIvana meM utArane ke stara kaI ho sakate haiM; para hiMsA to hiMsA hI rhegii| yadi koI pUrNa hiMsA kA tyAgI nahIM ho sakatA to alpa hiMsA kA tyAga kare, para jo hiMsA vaha chor3a na sake use ahiMsA to nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| yadi hama pUrNataH hiMsA kA tyAga nahIM kara sakate to aMzataH tyAga karanA caahie| yadi vaha bhI na kara sakeM to kama se kama hiMsA meM dharma mAnanA aura kahanA to chor3anA caahie| zubharAga, rAga hone se hiMsA meM AtA hai; ataH use dharma nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| yahA~ eka mahattvapUrNa prazna yaha bhI ho sakatA hai ki jaba mArane ke bhAva hiMsA haiM to bacAne ke bhAva kA nAma ahiMsA hogA? aura zAstroM meM use mArane ke bhAva kI apekSA maMdakaSAya evaM zubhabhAvarUpa hone se vyavahAra se ahiMsA kahA bhI hai; parantu nizcaya se aisA nahIM hai tathA yahI bAta to jainadarzana meM sUkSmatA se samajhane kI hai| jainadarzana kA kahanA hai ki mArane kA bhAva to hiMsA hai hI; kintu bacAne kA bhAva bhI nizcaya se hiMsA hI hai kyoMki vaha bhI rAgabhAva hI hai aura rAga cAhe vaha kisI bhI prakAra kA kyoM na ho, hiMsA hI hai| pUrva meM hiMsA kI paribhASA meM rAga kI utpatti mAtra ko hiMsA batAyA jA cukA hai| yadyapi bacAne kA rAga mArane ke rAga kI apekSA prazasta hai; tathApi hai to rAga hii| rAga to Aga hai| Aga cAhe nIma kI ho yA candana kI ha jalAyegI hii| usIprakAra sarva prakAra kA rAga hiMsArUpa hI hotA hai| ahiMsA to vItarAga pariNati kA nAma hai, zubhAzubha rAga kA nAma nhiiN| yadyapi mArane ke bhAva se pApa kA baMdha hotA hai aura bacAne ke bhAva se puNya kA; tathApi hotA to baMdha hI hai, baMdha kA abhAva nhiiN| dharma to baMdha kA abhAva karane vAlA hai; ataH baMdha ke kAraNa ko dharma kaise kahA jA

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maiM kauna hU~ ? sakatA hai? ataH vItarAga bhAva hI ahiMsA hai, vastu kA svabhAva hone se vahI dharma hai aura mukti kA kAraNa bhI vahI hai / bacAne ke bhAva ko hiMsA kahane meM eka aura rahasya antargarbhita hai| vaha yaha hai ki jaba koI ajJAnI jIva kisI anya jIva ko vastutaH mAra to sakatA nahIM, kintu mArane kI buddhi karatA hai; taba usakI vaha buddhi tathya ke viparIta hone se mithyA hai| usIprakAra jaba koI jIva kisI ko bacA to nahIM sakatA, kintu bacAne kI buddhi karatA hai; taba usakI yaha bacAne kI buddhi bhI usase kama mithyA nahIM hai| mithyA hone meM donoM meM samAnatA hai / mithyAtva sabase bar3A pApa hai, jo donoM meM samAna rUpa se vidyamAna hai| to bhI bacAne kA bhAva puNyabaMdha kA kAraNa hai aura mArane kA bhAva pApabaMdha kA kAraNa hai| ye donoM prakAra ke bhAva bhUmikAnusAra jJAniyoM meM bhI pAe jAte haiN| yadyapi unakI zraddhA meM ve heya hI haiM; tathApi cAritra kI kamajorI ke kAraNa Ae binA bhI nahIM rhte| 34 ukta tathya ko paNDita ToDaramalajI isaprakAra vyakta karate haiM hra "sarva jIvoM ke jIvana-maraNa, sukha-duHkha apane karma ke nimitta se hote haiN| jahA~ anya jIva ke ina kAryoM kA karttA ho, vahI mithyAdhyavasAya bandha kA kAraNa hai| vahA~ anya jIvoM ko jilAne kA athavA sukhI karane kA adhyavasAya ho, vaha to puNya bandha kA kAraNa hai aura mArane kA athavA duHkhI karane kA adhyavasAya ho, vaha pApabandha kA kAraNa hai| isaprakAra ahiMsAvat satyAdika to puNyabandha ke kAraNa hai aura hiMsAvat asatyAdika pApabandha ke kAraNa hai| ye sarva mithyAdhyavasAya hai, ve tyAjya haiN| isaliye hiMsAdivat ahiMsAdika ko bhI bandha kA kAraNa jAnakara heya hI mAnanA / hiMsA meM mArane kI buddhi ho; parantu usakI Ayu pUrNa hue binA maratA nahIM hai, yaha apanI dveSapariNati se Apa hI pApa bA~dhatA hai| ahiMsA meM rakSA karane kI buddhi ho; parantu usakI Ayu avazeSa hue binA vaha jItA 18 ahiMsA 35 nahIM hai, yaha apanI prazasta rAgapariNati se Apa hI puNya bA~dhatA hai / isaprakAra yaha donoM heya hai; jahA~ vItarAga hokara dRSTAjJAtArUpa pravarte, vahA~ nirbandha hai; so upAdeya hai| so aisI dazA na ho taba taka prazastarAgarUpa pravartana karo; parantu zraddhAna to aisA rakho ki yaha bhI bandha kA kAraNa hai, heya hai; zraddhAna meM ise mokSamArga jAne to mithyAdRSTi hI hotA hai| " jainadarzana ke anekAntika dRSTikoNa meM uparyukta ahiMsA ke sambandha meM yaha Aropa bhI nahIM lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki yadi ukta ahiMsA ko hI vyavahArika jIvana meM upAdeya mAna leMge to phira deza, samAja, gharabAra; yahA~ taka ki apanI mA~-bahina kI ijjata bacAnA bhI sambhava na hogA; kyoMki prathama to 'koI vyakti kisI kA jIvana-maraNa, sukha-duHkha kara hI nahIM sakatA', isa satya kI svIkRti ke uparAnta yaha prazna uThanA hI nahIM cAhie; dUsare bhUmikAnusAra jJAnI jIvoM ke bhI rakSA Adi ke bhAva buddhipUrvaka Ae binA nahIM rhte| jJAnI gRhasthoM ke jIvana meM ahiMsA aura hiMsA kA kyA rUpa vidyamAna rahatA hai, isakA vistRta varNana jainAcAra granthoM meM milatA hai tathA usake prAyogika rUpa ke darzana jainapurANoM ke parizIlana se kie jA sakate haiN| yahA~ usakI vistRta samIkSA ke lie avakAza nahIM hai| gRhastha jIvana meM vidyamAna hiMsA aura ahiMsA ko spaSTa karate hue jainAcAryoM ne hiMsA kA vargIkaraNa cAra rUpoM meM kiyA hai hra 1. saMkalpI hiMsA 2. udyogI hiMsA 3. ArambhI hiMsA 4. virodhI hiMsA kevala nirdaya pariNAma hI hetu haiM jisameM aise saMkalpa ( irAdA ) pUrvaka kiyA gayA prANaghAta saMkalpI hiMsA hai| vyApArika kAryoM meM tathA gRhasthI ke AraMbhAdi kAryoM meM sAvadhAnI vartate hue bhI jo hiMsA ho jAtI hai, vaha 1. mokSamArgaprakAzaka, pRSTha 226

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maiM kauna hU~ ? 36 udyogI AraMbhI hiMsA hai| apane tathA apane parivAra, dharmAyatana, samAja, dezAdi para kiye gae AkramaNa se rakSA ke lie anicchApUrvaka kI gaI hiMsA virodhI hiMsA hai| ukta cAra prakAra kI hiMsAoM meM eka saMkalpI hiMsA kA to zrAvaka sarvathA tyAgI hotA hai; kintu bAkI tIna prakAra kI hiMsA usake jIvana meM vidyamAna rahatI hai| yadyapi vaha unase bhI bacane kA pUrA pUrA yatna karatA hai, Arambha aura udyoga meM bhI pUrI pUrI sAvadhAnI rakhatA hai; tathApi usakA AraMbhI, udyogI aura virodhI hiMsA se pUrNarUpeNa baca jAnA sambhava nahIM hai| yadyapi ukta hiMsA usake jIvana meM vidyamAna rahatI hai; tathApi vaha use upAdeya nahIM mAnatA, vidheya bhI nahIM maantaa| mukti ke mArga ke pathika kA vyaktitva dvaidha vyaktitva hotA hai| usakI zraddA to pUrNa ahiMsaka hotI hai| aura jIvana bhUmikAnusAra / koI vyakti apane jIvana meM ahiMsA ko kitanA utAra pAtA hai, kitanA nahIM hna yaha eka alaga prazna hai aura hiMsA aura ahiMsA kA vAstavika svarUpa kyA hai hna yaha eka svataMtra vicAraNIya vastu hai / isa tathya ko vicArakoM ko nahIM bhUlanA caahie| niSkarSa meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki rAga-dveSa-moha bhAvoM kI utpatti honA hI hiMsA hai aura unheM dharma mAnanA mahAhiMsA hai tathA rAgAdi bhAvoM kI utpatti nahIM honA hI parama ahiMsA hai aura rAgAdi bhAvoM ko dharma nahIM mAnanA hI ahiMsA ke sambandha meM saccI samajha hai| yahI jinAgama kA sAra hai| sarvAdhika dravya - hiMsA yuddhoM meM hotI hai| adhikAMza yuddha jara (dhana sampadA), jorU (strI) aura jamIna ke lie hote haiN| rAmAyaNa aura mahAbhArata ke yuddha isake aitihAsika pramANa haiN| jara, jorI aura jamIna ke prati rAga hone ke kAraNa yuddha hote haiM: dveSa hone ke kAraNa nhiiN| ataH dveSa se bhI adhika hiMsA kA kAraNa rAga hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jinAgama meM rAga bhAva ko bhI hiMsA kahA gayA hai| 19 anekAnta aura syAdvAda vastu kA svarUpa anekAntAtmaka hai| pratyeka vastu aneka guNa-dharmoM se yukta hai / ananta dharmAtmaka vastu hI anekAnta hai aura vastu ke anekAnta svarUpa ko samajhAnevAlI sApekSa kathanapaddhati ko syAdvAda kahate haiM / " anekAnta aura syAdvAda meM dyotya- dyotaka sambandha hai / samayasAra kI AtmakhyAti TIkA ke pariziSTa meM AcArya amRtacandra isa sambandha meM likhate haiM hna "syAdvAda samasta vastuoM ke svarUpa ko siddha karanevAlA arhanta sarvajJa kA askhalita (nirbAdha ) zAsana hai / vaha (syAdvAda ) kahatA hai ki anekAnta svabhAvavAlI hone se saba vastue~ anekAntAtmaka haiN|....... vastuta hai, vahI tat hai; jo eka hai, vahI aneka hai; jo sat hai, vahI asat hai; jo nitya hai, vahI anitya hai; hna isaprakAra eka vastu meM vastutva kI utpAdaka paraspara viruddha do zaktiyoM kA prakAzita honA anekAnta hai| " anekAnta zabda 'aneka' aura 'anta' hna ina do zabdoM se milakara banA hai| aneka kA artha hotA hai hra eka se adhika / eka se adhika do bhI ho sakate haiM aura ananta bhI do aura ananta ke bIca meM aneka ke aneka artha sambhava haiM tathA anta kA artha hotA hai dharma athavA guNa / pratyeka vastu meM ananta guNa vidyamAna haiM; ataH jahA~ aneka kA artha 1. anekAntAtmakAryakathanaM syAdvAdaH / hra laghIyastraya TIkA 2. syAdvAdo hi samastavastutattvasAdhakamekamaskhalitaM zAsanamarhatsarvajJasya / sa tu sarvamanekAMtAtmakamityanuzAsti, tatra yadeva tattadevAtat, yadevaikaM tadevAnekaM, yadeva sattadevAsat, yadeva nityaM tadevAnityamityekavastuvastutvaniSpAdakaparasparaviruddhazaktidvayaprakAzamanekAntaH /

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39 38 maiM kauna hU~? ananta hogA, vahA~ anta kA artha guNa lenA caahie| isa vyAkhyA ke anusAra artha hogA hra anantaguNAtmaka vastu hI anekAnta hai; kintu jahA~ aneka kA artha do liyA jAyegA, vahA~ anta kA artha dharma hogaa| taba yaha artha hogA hna paraspara viruddha pratIta honevAle do dharmoM kA eka hI vastu meM honA anekAnta hai| syAtkAra kA prayoga dharmoM meM hotA hai, guNoM meM nhiiN| sarvatra hI syAtkAra kA prayoga dharmoM ke sAtha kiyA hai, kahIM bhI anujIvI guNoM ke sAtha nhiiN|' yadyapi 'dharma' zabda kA sAmAnya artha guNa hotA hai, para zakti Adi nAmoM se bhI use abhihita kiyA jAtA hai; tathApi guNa aura dharma meM kucha antara hai| pratyeka vastu meM ananta zaktiyA~ haiM, jinheM guNa, dharma yA svabhAva kahate haiN| unameM se jo zaktiyA~ paraspara viruddha pratIta hotI haiM yA sApekSa hotI haiM aura jinakI paryAyeM nahIM hotI haiM; unheM dharma kahate haiN| ye dharma nAmaka zaktiyA~ jor3e se hotI haiN| jaise hna nityatA-anityatA, ekatAanekatA, sat-asat, bhinnatA-abhinnatA Adi / __ jo zaktiyA~ virodhAbhAsa se rahita haiM, nirapekSa haiM aura jinakI paryAyeM hotI haiM, unheM guNa kahate haiN| jaise hna AtmA ke jJAna, darzana, sukha Adi; pudgala ke rUpa, rasa, gaMdha aadi| ___ kucha zaktiyA~ aisI bhI hotI haiM, jinakI na to paryAyeM hotI haiM aura na jinameM koI virodhAbhAsa hotA hai| ina zaktiyoM ko svabhAva kahate haiN| tyAgopAdAnazUnyazakti guNa yA dharmarUpa na hokara svabhAvarUpa hai| isaprakAra zaktiyA~ tIna rUpoM meM pAI jAtI haiM hra guNa, dharma aura svabhAva / jina guNoM meM paraspara koI virodha nahIM hai, eka vastu meM unakI eka sAtha sattA to sabhI vAdI-prativAdI sahaja svIkAra kara lete haiM; kintu jinameM virodha-sA pratibhAsita hotA hai, unheM syAdvAdI hI svIkAra karate haiN| itara jana unameM se kisI eka pakSa ko grahaNa kara pakSapAtI ho jAte haiN| 1. jainendrasiddhAntakoza, bhAga 4, pRSTha 501 anekAnta aura syAdvAda ata: anekAnta kI paribhASA meM paraspara viruddha zaktiyoM ke prakAzana para vizeSa bala diyA gayA hai| pratyeka vastu meM paraspara virodhI pratIta honevAle aneka yugala (jor3e) pAye jAte haiM; ata: vastu kevala aneka guNoM kA hI piNDa nahIM hai; kintu paraspara virodhI dikhanevAle aneka dharma-yugaloM kA bhI piNDa hai| una paraspara viruddha pratIta honevAle dharmoM ko syAdvAda apanI sApekSa zailI se pratipAdana karatA hai| pratyeka vastu meM ananta dharma haiN| una sabakA kathana eka sAtha sambhava nahIM hai; kyoMki zabdoM kI zakti sImita hai| zabda eka samaya meM eka hI dharma ko kaha sakate haiN| ataH ananta dharmoM meM eka vivakSita dharma mukhya hotA hai, jisakA ki pratipAdana kiyA jAtA hai, bAkI anya sabhI dharma gauNa hote haiM; kyoMki unake sambandha meM abhI kucha nahIM kahA jA rahA hai| ___ yaha mukhyatA aura gauNatA vastu meM vidyamAna dharmoM kI apekSA nahIM; kintu vaktA kI icchAnusAra hotI hai| vivakSA-avivakSA vANI ke bheda haiM, vastu ke nhiiN| vastu meM to sabhI dharma prati samaya apanI pUrI haisiyata se vidyamAna rahate haiM, unameM mukhya-gauNa kA koI prazna hI nahIM hai; kyoMki vastu meM to una paraspara virodhI pratIta honevAle dharmoM ko apane meM dhAraNa karane kI zakti sadA hI vidyamAna hai; kyoMki ve to usa vastu meM anAdikAla se vidyamAna haiM aura anantakAla taka rheNge| unako eka sAtha kahane kI sAmarthya vANI meM na hone se vANI meM vivakSA-avivakSA aura mukhya-gauNa kA bheda pAyA jAtA hai| vastu to para se nirapekSa hI hai| use apane guNa-dharmoM ko dhAraNa karane meM kisI para kI apekSA raMcamAtra bhI nahIM hai| usameM nityatA-anityatA, ekatA-anekatA Adi saba dharma ekasAtha vidyamAna rahate haiN| dravyadRSTi se vastu jisa samaya nitya hai, paryAya dRSTi se usI samaya anitya bhI hai| vANI se jaba nityatA kA kathana kiyA jAyegA, taba anityatA kA kathana sambhava nahIM hai| ata: jaba hama vastu kI nityatA kA pratipAdana

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40 maiM kauna hU~? kareMge, taba zrotA yaha samajha sakatA hai ki vastu nitya hI hai, anitya nhiiN| ataH hama 'kisI apekSA nitya bhI haiM' hra aisA kahate haiN| aisA kahane se usake jJAna meM yaha bAta sahaja A jAvegI ki kisI apekSA anitya bhI hai; bhale hI vANI ke asAmarthya ke kAraNa yaha bAta kahI nahIM jA rahI hai| ata: vANI meM syAtpada kA prayoga Avazyaka hai, syAtpada avivakSita dharmoM ko gauNa karatA hai, para abhAva nhiiN| usake prayoga binA abhAva kA bhrama utpanna ho sakatA hai| bhAratavarSa ke prathama pradhAnamaMtrI paMDita javAharalAlajI neharu ne bhI isa parama satya kA gaharAI se anubhava kiyA thaa| ve rASTrakavi rAmadhArIsiMha dinakara kI mahAna kRti 'bhAratIya saMskRti ke cAra adhyAya kI prastAvanA meM pRSTha 12 para likhate haiM ki hna ___"itihAsa ke andara hama do siddhAntoM ko kAma karate dekhate haiN| eka to sAtatya kA siddhAnta hai aura dUsarA parivartana kaa| ye donoM siddhAnta paraspara-virodhI se lagate haiM, parantu ye virodhI haiM nhiiN| sAtatya ke bhItara bhI parivartana kA aMza hai| isIprakAra parivartana bhI apane bhItara sAtatya kA kucha aMza liye rahatA hai| asala meM, hamArA dhyAna unhIM parivartanoM para jAtA hai, jo hiMsaka krAntiyoM yA bhUkampa ke rUpa meM acAnaka phaTa par3ate haiN| phira bhI, pratyeka bhUgarbha-zAstrI yaha jAnatA hai ki dharatI kI sataha meM jo bar3e-bar3e parivartana hote haiM, unakI cAla bahuta dhImI hotI hai aura bhUkampa se honevAle parivartana unakI tulanA meM atyanta tuccha samajhe jAte haiN| isItaraha krAntiyA~ bhI dhIre-dhIre honevAle parivartana aura sUkSma rUpAntaraNa kI bahuta lambI prakriyA kA bAharI pramANa mAtra hotI haiN| isa dRSTi se dekhane para, svayaM parivartana eka aisI prakriyA hai, jo paramparA ke AvaraNa meM lagAtAra calatI rahatI hai| bAhara se acala dikhanevAlI paramparA 1. lokabhAratI prakAzana, 15-e, mahAtmA gAMdhI mArga, ilAhAbAda-1 anekAnta aura syAdvAda bhI, yadi jar3atA aura mRtyu kA pUrA zikAra nahIM bana gayI hai, to dhIre-dhIre vaha bhI parivartita ho jAtI hai|" jainendrasiddhAntakoza meM syAdvAda kA artha isaprakAra diyA hai hra "anekAntamayI vastu kA kathana karane kI paddhati syAdvAda hai| kisI bhI eka zabda yA vAkya ke dvArA sArI kI sArI vastu kA yugapat kathana karanA azakya hone se prayojanavaza kabhI eka dharma ko mukhya karake kathana karate haiM aura kabhI dUsare ko / mukhya dharma ko sunate hue zrotA ke anya dharma bhI gauNa rUpa se svIkAra hote raheM, unakA niSedha na hone pAve; hra isa prayojana se anekAntavAdI apane pratyeka vAkya ke sAtha syAt yA kathaMcit zabda kA prayoga karatA hai|" __kucha vicAraka kahate haiM ki syAvAda zailI meM bhI' kA prayoga hai, 'hI' kA nhiiN| unheM 'bhI' meM samanvaya kI sugaMdha aura 'hI' meM haTha kI durgandha AtI hai; para yaha unakA bauddhika bhrama hI hai| syAvAda zailI meM jitanI AvazyakatA 'bhI' ke prayoga kI hai, usase kama AvazyakatA 'hI' ke prayoga kI nhiiN| 'bhI' aura 'hI' kA samAna mahattva hai| 'bhI' samanvaya kI sUcaka na hokara 'anukta' kI sattA kI sUcaka hai aura 'hI' Agraha kI sUcaka na hokara dRr3hatA kI sUcaka hai| inake prayoga kA eka tarIkA hai aura vaha hai hU jahA~ apekSA na batAkara mAtra yaha kahA jAtA hai ki 'kisI apekSA vahA~ 'bhI' lagAnA jarUrI hai aura jahA~ apekSA spaSTa batA dI jAtI hai, vahA~ 'hI' lagAnA anivArya hai| jaise hra pratyeka vastu kathaMcit nitya bhI hai aura kathaMcit anitya bhI hai| yadi isI ko hama apekSA lagAkara kaheMge to isaprakAra kahanA hogA ki pratyeka vastu dravya kI apekSA nitya hI hai aura paryAya kI apekSA anitya hI hai| ___ 'bhI' kA prayoga yaha batAtA hai ki hama jo kaha rahe haiM, vastu mAtra utanI hI nahIM hai, anya bhI hai; kintu 'hI' kA prayoga yaha batAtA hai ki anya 1. jainendrasiddhAntakoza, bhAga 4, pRSTha 497 2. 'kisI apekSA' ke bhAva ko syAt yA kathaMcit zabda prakaTa karate haiN|

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42 maiM kauna hU~? koNoM se dekhane para vastu aura bahuta kucha hai; kintu jisa koNa se yaha bAta batAI gaI hai, vaha ThIka vaisI hI hai; isameM koI zaMkA kI guMjAiza nahIM hai| ataH 'hI' aura 'bhI' eka dUsare kI pUraka haiM, virodhI nhiiN| 'hI' apane viSaya ke bAre meM saba zaMkAoM kA abhAva kara dRr3hatA pradAna karatI hai aura 'bhI' anya pakSoM ke bAre meM mauna raha kara bhI, unakI sambhAvanA kI nahIM, nizcita sattA kI sUcaka hai| ____ 'bhI' kA artha aisA karanA ki jo kucha kahA jA rahA hai, usake viruddha bhI sambhAvanA hai ha galata hai| sambhAvanA ajJAna kI sacaka hai arthAta yaha prakaTa karatI hai ki maiM nahIM jAnatA aura kucha bhI hogaa| jabaki syAdvAda, saMbhAvanAvAda nahIM; nizcayAtmaka jJAna hone se pramANa hai| 'bhI' meM se yaha artha nahIM nikalatA ki isake atirikta kyA hai, maiM nahIM jAnatA; balki yaha nikalatA hai ki isa samaya use kahA nahIM jA sakatA athavA usake kahane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| apUrNa ko pUrNa na samajha liyA jAya hna isake lie bhI' kA prayoga hai| dUsare zabdoM meM jo bAta aMza ke bAre meM kahI jA rahI hai, use pUrNa ke bAre meM na jAna liyA jAya ha isake lie 'bhI' kA prayoga hai, aneka mithyA ekAntoM ke jor3ator3a ke lie nhiiN| isIprakAra 'hI' kA prayoga 'AgrahI' kA prayoga na hokara isa bAta ko spaSTa karane ke lie hai ki aMza ke bAre meM jo kahA gayA hai, vaha pUrNata: satya hai| usa dRSTi se vastu vaisI hI hai, anya rUpa nhiiN| samantabhadrAdi AcAryoM ne pada-pada para 'hI' kA prayoga kiyA hai|' 'hI' ke prayoga kA samarthana tattvArtha zlokavArtika meM isaprakAra kiyA hai hra "vAkye'vadhAraNaM tAvadaniSThArtha nivRttaye / karttavyamanyathAnuktasamatvAttasya kutracit / ' 1.sadeva sarvaM ko necchet svarUpAdi catuSTayAt / asadeva viparyAsanna cenna vyavatiSThate / / hra AptamImAMsA, zloka 15 2. tattvArtha zlokavArtika, a. 1, sUtra 6, zloka 53 anekAnta aura syAdvAda vAkyoM meM 'hI' kA prayoga aniSTa artha kI nivRtti aura dRr3hatA ke lie karanA hI cAhie, anyathA kahIM-kahIM vaha vAkya nahIM kahA gayA sarIkhA samajhA jAtA hai|" yuktyanuzAsana zloka 41-42 meM AcArya samantabhadra ne bhI isIprakAra kA bhAva vyakta kiyA hai| isa saMdarbha meM siddhAntAcArya paNDita kailAzacandajI likhate haiM hra "isI taraha vAkya meM evakAra (hI) kA prayoga na karane para bhI sarvathA ekAnta ko mAnanA par3egA; kyoMki usa sthiti meM anekAnta kA nirAkaraNa avazyambhAvI hai| jaise hra upayoga lakSaNa jIva kA hI hai' hra isa vAkya meM evakAra (hI) hone se yaha siddha hotA hai ki upayoga lakSaNa anya kisI kA na hokara jIva kA hI hai; ata: yadi isameM se 'hI' ko nikAla diyA jAya to upayoga ajIva kA bhI lakSaNa ho sakatA hai|" pramANa vAkya meM mAtra syAt pada kA prayoga hotA hai, kintu naya vAkya meM syAt pada ke sAtha-sAtha eva (hI) kA prayoga bhI Avazyaka hai| 'hI' samyak ekAnta kI sUcaka hai aura 'bhI' samyak anekAnta kii| ___ yadyapi jainadarzana anekAntavAdI darzana kahA jAtA hai; tathApi yadi use sarvathA anekAntavAdI mAneM to yaha bhI to ekAnta ho jaayegaa| ataH jainadarzana meM anekAnta meM bhI anekAnta ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| jainadarzana sarvathA na ekAntavAdI hai na sarvathA anekaantvaadii| vaha kathaMcit ekAntavAdI aura kathaMcit anekAntavAdI hai| isI kA nAma anekAnta meM anekAnta hai| kahA bhI hai hra "anekAnto'pyanekAntaH pramANanayasAdhanaH / anekAntaH pramANAtte tadekAnto'rpitAnnayAt / / 1. jainanyAya, pRSTha 300 2. svayaMbhUstotra, zloka 103 22

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44 maiM kauna hU~? pramANa aura naya haiM sAdhana jisake, aisA anekAnta bhI anekAnta svarUpa hai; kyoMki sarvAMzagrAhI pramANa kI apekSA vastu anekAntasvarUpa evaM aMzagrAhI naya kI apekSA vastu ekAntarUpa siddha hai|" jainadarzana ke anusAra ekAnta bhI do prakAra kA hotA hai aura anekAnta bhI do prakAra kA hna yathA samyak ekAnta aura mithyA ekAnta, samyak anekAnta aura mithyA anekAnta / nirapekSa naya mithyA ekAnta hai aura sApekSa naya samyak ekAnta hai tathA sApekSa nayoM kA samUha arthAt zrutapramANa samyak anekAnta hai aura nirapekSa nayoM kA samUha arthAt pramANAbhAsa mithyA anekAnta hai| kahA bhI hai hna "jaM vatthu aNeyantaM, eyaMtaM taM pi hodi savipekkhaM / suyaNANeya Naehi ya, NiravekkhaM dIsade Neva / / jo vastu anekAntarUpa hai, vahI sApekSa dRSTi se ekAntarUpa bhI hai| zrutajJAna kI apekSA anekAntarUpa hai aura nayoM kI apekSA ekAntarUpa hai| binA apekSA ke vastu kA rUpa nahIM dekhA jA sakatA hai|" anekAnta meM anekAnta kI siddhi karate hue akalaMkadeva likhate haiM hna ___ "yadi anekAnta ko anekAnta hI mAnA jAya aura ekAnta kA sarvathA lopa kiyA jAya to samyak ekAnta ke abhAva meM, zAkhAdi ke abhAva meM vRkSa ke abhAva kI taraha, tatsamudAyarUpa anekAnta kA bhI abhAva ho jaayegaa| ata: yadi ekAnta hI svIkAra kara liyA jAve to phira avinAbhAvI itara dharmoM kA lopa hone para prakRta zeSa kA bhI lopa hone se sarva lopa kA prasaMga prApta hogaa|" samyagekAnta naya hai aura samyaganekAnta pramANa / anekAntavAda anekAnta aura syAdvAda 45 sarvanayAtmaka hai| jisaprakAra bikhare hue motiyoM ko eka sUtra meM piro dene se motiyoM kA sundara hAra bana jAtA hai; usIprakAra bhinna-bhinna nayoM ko syAdvAdarUpI sUta meM piro dene se sampUrNa naya zrutapramANa kahe jAte haiN|' paramAgama ke bIjasvarUpa anekAnta meM sampUrNa nayoM (samyak ekAntoM) kA vilAsa hai, usameM ekAntoM ke virodha ko samApta karane kI sAmarthya hai; kyoMki virodha vastu meM nahIM, ajJAna meM hai| jaise hra eka hAthI ko aneka janmAndha vyakti chUkara jAnane kA yatna kareM aura jisake hAtha meM hAthI kA paira A jAya vaha hAthI ko khambhe ke samAna, peTa para hAtha pheranevAlA dIvAla ke samAna, kAna pakar3anevAlA sUpa ke samAna aura sUMDa pakar3anevAlA kele ke stambha ke samAna kahe to vaha sampUrNa hAthI ke bAre meM sahI nahIM hogA; kyoMki dekhA hai aMza aura kahA gayA sarvAMza ko| yadi aMza dekhakara aMza kA hI kathana kareM to galata nahIM hogaa| jaise hra yadi yaha kahA jAya ki hAthI kA paira khambhe ke samAna hai, kAna sUpa ke samAna haiM, peTa dIvAla ke samAna hai to koI asatya nahIM; kyoMki yaha kathana sApekSa hai aura sApekSa naya satya hote haiN| akelA paira hAthI nahIM hai, akelA peTa bhI hAthI nahIM hai; isIprakAra koI bhI akelA aMga aMgI ko vyakta nahIM kara sakatA hai| __ 'syAt' pada ke prayoga se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki yahA~ jo kathana kiyA jA rahA hai, vaha aMza ke saMbaMdha meM hai; pUrNa vastu ke saMbaMdha meM nhiiN| hAthI aura hAthI ke aMgoM ke kathana meM 'hI' aura 'bhI' kA prayoga isaprakAra hogAhna hAthI kisI apekSA dIvAla ke samAna bhI hai, kisI apekSA khambhe samAna bhI hai aura kisI apekSA sUpa ke samAna bhI hai| yahA~ apekSA batAI nahIM gaI hai, mAtra itanA kahA gayA hai ki 'kisI apekSA'; ata: 'bhI' lagAnA Avazyaka ho gyaa| yadi hama apekSA batAte jAveM to 'hI' lagAnA 1. syAdvAdamaMjarI, zloka 30 kI TIkA 2. puruSArthasiddhyupAya, zloka 2 1. kArtikeyAnuprekSA, gAthA 261 2. tattvArtha rAjavArtika, a. 1, sUtra 6 kI TIkA 3. vahI, a.1 sUtra 6 kI TIkA

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46 maiM kauna hU~? anivArya ho jAyegA; anyathA bhAva spaSTa na hogA, kathana meM dRr3hatA nahIM aayegii| jaise hAthI kA paira khambhe ke samAna hI hai, kAna sUpa ke samAna hI haiM aura peTa dIvAla ke samAna hI hai| ukta kathana aMza ke bAre meM pUrNa satya hai; ataH 'hI' lagAnA Avazyaka hai tathA pUrNa ke bAre meM AMzika satya hai; ata: 'bhI' lagAnA jarUrI hai| jahA~ 'syAt' pada kA prayoga na bhI ho to bhI vivekI janoM ko yaha samajhanA cAhie ki vaha anukta (sAilenTa) hai| kasAyapAhur3a meM isa saMbaMdha meM spaSTa likhA hai hra "syAt zabda ke prayoga kA abhiprAya rakhanevAlA vaktA yadi syAt zabda kA prayoga na bhI kare to bhI usake artha kA jJAna ho jAtA hai| ataeva syAt zabda kA prayoga nahIM karane para bhI koI doSa nahIM hai| kahA bhI hai hra syAt zabda ke prayoga kI pratijJA kA abhiprAya rakhane se 'syAt' zabda kA aprayoga dekhA jAtA hai|" yadyapi pratyeka vastu aneka paraspara virodhI dharma-yugaloM kA piNDa hai; tathApi vastu meM sambhAvyamAna paraspara virodhI dharma hI pAye jAte haiM, asambhAvya nhiiN| anyathA AtmA meM nitya-anityatvAdi ke samAna cetana-acetanatva dharmoM kI sambhAvanA kA prasaMga aayegaa| isa bAta ko 'dhavalA' meM isaprakAra spaSTa kiyA gayA hai hra "prazna : jina dharmoM kA eka AtmA meM eka sAtha rahane kA virodha nahIM hai, ve raheM; parantu sampUrNa dharma to eka sAtha eka AtmA meM raha nahIM sakate? uttara : kauna aisA kahatA hai ki paraspara virodhI aura avirodhI samasta dharmoM kA eka sAtha eka AtmA meM rahanA sambhava hai ? ___ yadi sampUrNa dharmoM kA eka sAtha rahanA mAna liyA jAve to paraspara viruddha caitanya-acaitanya, bhavyatva-abhavyatva Adi dharmoM kA ekasAtha 1. jainendrasiddhAntakoza, bhAga 4, pRSTha 501 anekAnta aura syAdvAda AtmA meM rahane kA prasaMga A jaayegaa| isalie sampUrNa paraspara virodhI dharma eka AtmA meM rahate haiM, anekAnta kA yaha artha nahIM samajhanA cAhie; kintu jina dharmoM kA jisa AtmA meM atyanta abhAva nahIM, ve dharma usa AtmA meM kisI kAla aura kisI kSetra kI apekSA yugapat bhI pAye jA sakate haiM, aisA hama mAnate haiN|" anekAnta aura syAdvAda kA prayoga karate samaya yaha sAvadhAnI rakhanA atyanta Avazyaka hai ki hama jina paraspara virodhI dharmoM kI sattA vastu meM pratipAdita karate haiM, unakI sattA vastu meM sambhAvita hai bhI yA nahIM; anyathA kahIM hama aisA bhI na kahane lage ki kathaMcit jIva cetana haiM va kathaMcit acetana bhii| acetanatva kI jIva meM sambhAvanA hI nahIM hai; ata: yahA~ anekAnta batAte samaya asti-nAsti ke rUpa meM ghaTAnA caahie| jaise hra jIva cetana (jJAna-darzana svarUpa) hI hai, acetana nhiiN| vastuta: cetana aura acetana to paraspara virodhI dharma haiM aura nityatvaanityatva paraspara virodhI nahIM, virodhI pratIta honevAle dharma haiM; ve paraspara virodhI pratIta hote haiM, haiM nhiiN| unakI sattA eka dravya meM eka sAtha pAI jAtI hai| anekAnta paraspara virodhI pratIta honevAle dharmoM kA prakAzana karatA hai| jinendra bhagavAna kA syAdvAdarUpI nayacakra atyanta painI dhAra vAlA hai| ise atyanta sAvadhAnI se calAnA cAhie, anyathA dhAraNa karanevAle kA hI mastaka bhaMga ho sakatA hai| ise calAne ke pUrva nayacakra calAne meM catura guruoM kI zaraNa lenA caahie| unake mArgadarzana meM jinavANI kA marma samajhanA caahie| 1. dhavalA pu. 1, khaNDa 1, bhAga 1, sUtra 11, pRSTha 167 2. atyantanizitadhAra, durAsadaM jinavarasya nayacakram / khaMDayati dhAryamANaM mUrdhAnaM jhaTiti durvidagdhAnAm / / hra puruSArthasiddhyupAya, zloka 59 3. guravo bhavanti zaraNaM prabuddhanayacakrasaMcArAH / hra puruSArthasiddhyupAya, zloka 58

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48 maiM kauna hU~? ___ anekAnta aura syAdvAda siddhAnta itanA gUr3ha va gambhIra hai ki ise gairAI se aura sUkSmatA se samajhe binA isakI taha taka pahu~canA asambhava hai; kyoMki Upara-Upara se dekhane para yaha ekadama galata-sA pratIta hotA hai| ___isa saMbaMdha meM hindU vizvavidyAlaya, kAzI ke darzanazAstra ke bhUtapUrva pradhAnAdhyApaka zrI phaNibhUSaNa adhikArI ne likhA hai hra "jainadharma ke syAdvAda siddhAnta ko jitanA galata samajhA gayA hai; utanA kisI anya siddhAnta ko nhiiN| yahA~ taka ki zaMkarAcArya bhI isa doSa se mukta nahIM haiM, unhoMne bhI isa siddhAnta ke prati anyAya kiyA hai| ___ yaha bAta alpajJa puruSoM ke lie kSamya ho sakatI thI; kintu yadi mujhe kahane kA adhikAra hai to maiM bhArata ke isa mahAn vidvAn ke lie to akSamya hI khuuNgaa| yadyapi maiM isa maharSi ko atIva Adara kI dRSTi se dekhatA huuN| aisA jAna par3atA hai ki unhoMne isa dharma ke darzana-zAstra ke mUla granthoM ke adhyayana karane kI paravAha nahIM kii|" hindI ke prasiddha samAlocaka AcArya mahAvIraprasAda dvivedI likhate haiMhna __ "prAcIna darje ke hindU dharmAvalambI bar3e-bar3e zAstrI taka aba bhI nahIM jAnate ki jainiyoM kA syAdvAda kisa cir3iyA kA nAma hai|" zrI mahAmahopAdhyAya satyasampradAyAcArya paNDita svAmI rAmamizrajI zAstrI, prophesara, saMskRta kaoNleja, vArANasI likhate haiM hra ___maiM kahA~ taka kahU~, bar3e-bar3e nAmI AcAryoM ne apane granthoM meM jo jainamata kA khaNDana kiyA hai; vaha aisA kiyA hai, jise suna-dekha haMsI AtI hai| syAvAda yaha jainadharma kA abhedya kilA hai: usake andara vAdIprativAdiyoM ke mAyAmayI gole nahIM praveza kara sakate / jainadharma ke siddhAnta prAcIna bhAratIya tattvajJAna aura dhArmika paddhati ke abhyAsiyoM ke lie bahuta mahattvapUrNa haiN| isa syAdvAda se sarvasatya vicAroM kA dvAra khula jAtA hai|" 1. tIrthaMkara varddhamAna, pRSTha 92 zrI vI.ni.grantha prakAzana samiti, indaura 2. vahI, pRSTha 92 vahI 3. vahI, pRSTha 92 vahI anekAnta aura syAdvAda saMskRta ke udbhaTa vidvAn DaoN. gaMgAnAtha jhA ke vicAra bhI dRSTavya haiM hra "jaba se maiMne zaMkarAcArya dvArA jainasiddhAnta kA khaNDana par3hA hai; taba se mujhe vizvAsa huA ki isa siddhAnta meM bahuta kucha hai, jise vedAnta ke AcArya ne nahIM samajhA aura jo kucha abataka maiM jainadharma ko jAna sakA hU~; usase merA dRr3ha vizvAsa huA hai ki yadi ve jainadharma ko usake mUla granthoM se dekhane kA kaSTa uThAte to unheM jainadharma kA virodha karane kI koI bAta nahIM miltii|" ___ 'syAt' pada kA ThIka-ThIka artha samajhanA atyanta Avazyaka hai| isake saMbaMdha meM bahuta bhrama pracalita haiN| koI syAt kA artha saMzaya karate haiM, koI zAyada, to koI smbhaavnaa| isataraha ve syAdvAda ko zAyadavAda, saMzayavAda yA sambhAvanAvAda banA dete haiN| syAt' zabda 'tiGnta' na hokara 'nipAta' hai| vaha sandeha kA vAcaka na hokara eka nizcita apekSA kA vAcaka hai| 'syAt' zabda ko spaSTa karate hue tArkikacUr3AmaNi AcArya samantabhadra likhate haiM hra "vAkyeSvanekAMtadyotI gamyaM prati vizeSaNaM / syAnnipAto'rthayogitvAt tavakevalinAmapi // ' 'syAt' zabda nipAta hai| vAkyoM meM pramukha yaha zabda anekAnta kA dyotaka vastusvarUpa kA vizeSaNa hai|" zAyada, saMzaya aura sambhAvanA meM eka anizcaya hai| anizcaya ajJAna kA sUcaka hai| syAdvAda meM kahIM bhI ajJAna kI jhalaka nahIM hai| vaha jo kucha kahatA hai, dRr3hatA ke sAtha kahatA hai; vaha kalpanA nahIM karatA, sambhAvanAe~ vyakta nahIM krtaa| zrI vI.ni.grantha prakAzana samiti, indaura 1. tIrthaMkara varddhamAna, pRSTha 94 2. AptamImAMsA, zloka 103

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maiM kauna hU~? anekAnta aura syAdvAda zrI pro. Ananda zaMkara bAbUbhAI dhruva likhate haiM hra "mahAvIra ke siddhAnta meM batAye gaye syAdvAda ko kitane hI loga saMzayavAda kahate haiM, ise maiM nahIM mAnatA / syAdvAda saMzayavAda nahIM hai; kintu vaha eka dRSTi-bindu hamako upalabdha karA detA hai| vizva kA kisa rIti se avalokana karanA cAhie hra yaha hameM sikhAtA hai| yaha nizcaya hai ki vividha dRSTi-binduoM dvArA nirIkSaNa kiye binA koI bhI vastu sampUrNa svarUpa meM nahIM A sktii| syAdvAda (jainadharma) para AkSepa karanA yaha anucita hai|" AcArya samantabhadra ne syAdvAda ko kevalajJAna ke samAna sarvatattvaprakAzaka mAnA hai| bheda mAtra pratyakSa aura parokSa kA hai| ___ anekAnta aura syAdvAda kA siddhAnta vastusvarUpa ke sahI rUpa kA digdarzana karanevAlA hone se AtmazAnti ke sAtha-sAtha vizvazAnti kA bhI pratiSThApaka siddhAnta hai| isa saMbaMdha meM suprasiddha aitihAsika vidvAn evaM rASTrakavi rAmadhArIsiMha 'dinakara' likhate haiM hra __ "isameM koI sandeha nahIM ki anekAnta kA anusaMdhAna bhArata kI ahiMsA sAdhanA kA carama utkarSa hai aura sArA saMsAra ise jitanI hI zIghra apanAyegA, vizva meM zAnti bhI utanI hI zIghra sthApita hogii|" inakI upayogitA mAtra vizvazAnti kI dRSTi se hI nahIM hai; apitu inake sahI svarUpa samajhane se hamAre dainika jIvana meM honevAle sAmAjika saMgharSa aura pArivArika jhagar3oM kI rokathAma bhI ho sakatI hai; kyoMki hamAre jIvana meM honevAle sampUrNa saMgharSoM kA ekamAtra kAraNa yaha hai ki hama hara vastu ko apane hI dRSTikoNa se dekhate haiN| yadi hama ukta vastu ke saMdarbha meM sAmanevAle kA jo dRSTikoNa hai, use bhI samajheM, samajhane kA prayAsa kareM to pratidina honevAle saMgharSoM se bahuta kucha baca sakate haiN| Aja ke jIvana meM pIr3hiyoM kA antara (janarezana gepa) eka bahuta bar3I samasyA hai; kyoMki sAmAjika pariveza meM jitanA parivartana vigata (20vIM) zatAbdI meM huA hai aura Aja ho rahA hai, utanA parivartana vigata aneka zatAbdiyoM meM bhI nahIM huA hai| vigata aneka zatAbdiyoM taka bhAratavAsI pagar3I hI bA~dhate rhe| usake bAda parivartana meM apratyAzita tejI AI aura sthiti yaha ho gaI ki bAbA pagar3I bA~dhate rahe, pitA TopI lagAte rahe aura putra naMge zira hokara nekaTAI para A gaye; para Aja jo parivartana kI raphtAra hai, vaha usase bhI teja hai| ___ maiM aise aneka logoM ko jAnatA hU~ ki jo loga bacapana meM pagar3I bA~dhate the, javAnI meM TopI lagAne lage aura bur3hApA Ate-Ate naMge zira ho gye| maiMne aise bhI ghara dekhe haiM ki jahA~ 80 varSa kI bUDhI ammA cUMghaTa DAlatI hai, para praur3ha mahilAyeM cUMghaTa kI jhaMjhaTa se mukta ho gaI haiM; phira bhI unakA mAthA sAr3I ke pallU se kucha-kucha r3hakA hI rahatA hai; para Adhunika bahuye to salavAra zUTa meM hI nahIM, taMga jInsa se maMDita dRSTigocara hotI haiN| veSa parivartana ke anurUpa vicAroM meM bhI parivartana ho rahA hai| isaprakAra pIr3hiyoM ke antara (janarezana gepa) ne eka vikaTa rUpa dhAraNa kara liyA hai| isaprakAra tejagati se honevAle parivartanoM se pIr3hiyoM kI vicAradhArA meM jo bahuta bar3A antara dikhAI de rahA hai; usake kAraNa matabheda bhI bahuta bar3ha rahe haiM, jo manabheda kA kAraNa banakara gRha kalaha aura sAmAjika 1. tIrthaMkara varddhamAna, pRSTha 94 zrI vI.ni.grantha prakAzana samiti, indaura 2.syAdvAdakevalajJAne srvtttvprkaashne| bheda:sAkSAdasAkSAcca, hyAvastvanyatamaM bhavet / / hra AptamImAMsA, zloka 105 3. saMskRti ke cAra adhyAya, pRSTha 137

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maiM kauna hU~ ? 52 vidroha kA kAraNa bana rahe haiN| ghara TUTa rahe haiM aura samAja bikhara rahA hai aura unameM aneka vikRtiyA~ utpanna ho rahI haiN| aisI viSama sthiti meM bhI yadi hamane syAdvAda kI zaraNa nahIM lI, sApekSa dRSTikoNa ko nahIM apanAyA, dUsare ke dRSTikoNa ko samajhane kA prayAsa nahIM kiyA; to sthiti itanI bhayAnaka ho sakatI hai ki hama jisakI kalpanA bhI nahIM kara skte| vijJAna ke vikAsa ne Aja kSetra aura kAla kI dUrI ko samApta sA hI kara diyA hai| vigata kAla meM hama jahA~ varSoM meM bhI nahIM pahu~ca sakate the, Aja vahA~ ghaMToM meM pahu~ca jAte haiN| eka dina vaha thA ki jaba hama sau-do sau mITara dUra baiThe vyakti se bhI bAta nahIM kara sakate the; Aja hajAroM kilomITara dUra baiThe vyakti se usIprakAra bAta karate haiM, jisaprakAra sAmane baiThe vyakti se kara rahe hoN| isaprakAra Aja kI duniyA bahuta choTI ho gaI hai aura rahana-sahana aura vicAroM kI vibhinnatA kA kSetra bahuta vistRta ho gayA hai| vibhinna rIti-rivAja aura vibhinna vicAroMvAle bhUloka meM hama sabhI ko mila-julakara ekasAtha hI rahanA hai aura usake lie yaha atyanta Avazyaka hai ki hamAre jIvana meM sahiSNutA kA vikAsa ho; kyoMki usake binA saha-astitva saMbhava nahIM hai| yadi hamane eka-dUsare ke astitva aura vicAroM ko cunautI diye binA rahanA nahIM sIkhA to hameM niraMtara astitva ke saMgharSa meM hI juTe rahanA hogaa| yaha to Apa jAnate hI haiM ki saMgharSa azAnti kA kAraNa hai aura usameM hiMsA anivArya hai| hiMsA pratihiMsA ko janma detI hai| isaprakAra hiMsA aura pratihiMsA kA kabhI samApta na honevAlA duScakra calatA rahatA hai| yadi hama zAnti se rahanA cAhate haiM to hameM dUsaroM ke astitva aura 27 anekAnta aura syAdvAda vicAroM ke prati sahanazIla bananA hogaa| sahanazIlatA sahiSNutA kA hI paryAyavAcI zabda hai| yadi hama isa loka meM sukha-zAnti se rahanA cAhate haiM to hameM eka hI vastu ko, eka hI sthiti ko vibhinna dRSTikoNoM se dekhanA sIkhanA hogA, tadanusAra apane jIvana ko DhAlanA hogA, dUsare ke vicAroM ko prati sahiSNu bananA hogA; kyoMki sukha-zAnti se rahane kA eka mAtra yahI upAya hai| eka hI vastu ko aneka dRSTikoNoM se dekhane kA nAma hI syAdvAda hai aura parivAra se lekara sampUrNa vizva taka phailI ananta samasyAoM kA samAdhAna bhI isa syAdvAdI dRSTikoNa meM samAhita hai| isaprakAra hama dekhate haiM ki anekAnta aura syAdvAda jainadarzana ke aise siddhAnta haiM ki jinako samajhe binA jainadarzana ko nahIM samajhA jA sakatA / inakI sahI samajha se hameM eka-dUsare ko samajhane meM bhI sahayoga milatA hai / ata: jainadarzana kA marma jAnane ke lie aura jIvana meM AnevAle nirantara saMgharSoM se bacane ke lie hameM ina viSayoM ko gaharAI se samajhane kA prayAsa karanA caahie| 53 sampUrNa jagata ina sarvahitakArI siddhAntoM ko gaharAI se samajha kara, jIvana meM apanA kara sahaja sukha-zAnti ko prApta ho hna isa maMgala bhAvanA sAtha virAma letA hU~ / strI-putra, makAna-jAyadAda Adi kI upasthiti AtmajJAna meM bAdhaka nahIM hai| inakI upasthiti meM AtmajJAna ho jAtA hai, para jabataka jJAna para ko jJeya banAtA rahegA, tabataka AtmajJAna sambhava | nahIM hai| jJAna (AtmA) kA jJAna karane ke lie jJAna ( prakaTa jJAna paryAya) ko jJAna (AtmA) meM lagAnA hogA / - DaoN. bhArilla kI DAyarI se

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zrAvaka kI jIvanadhArA zrAvaka kI jIvanadhArA samasta jagata do dhArAoM meM vibhakta hai - eka bhautika dUsarI AdhyAtmika / bhautika dhArA kA pravAha pUrNa svacchandatA kI ora agrasara hai, jisakI carama pariNati se sArA vizva trasta hai| AdhyAtmika jyoti bhI apanI kSINatama sthiti meM TimaTimA rahI hai| donoM kI sthiti kyA hai, isakI apekSA donoM kI pariNati kyA hai, isakA nirNaya adhika mahatva rakhatA hai| prazna yaha nahIM hai ki kauna-sI dhArA teja hai aura kauna-sI manda? prazna yaha hai ki donoM kI prakRti kyA hai? bhautika dhArA bhogamaya dhArA hai| asIma aura ananta bhoga hI usakA lakSya hai| AdhyAtmika dhArA tyAgamaya dhArA hai aura sarva para kA tyAga evaM eka AtmaniSThatA hI usakA sarvasva hai| donoM hI dhArAe~ ekadama paraspara viruddha pathAnugAmI haiN| eka kahatI hai ki bhoga aura Ananda meM sImA kaisI, sImA kI bAdhA meM rahate hue tRpti kahA~ tathA tRpti binA Ananda kaisA; dUsarI kahatI hai ki bhoga meM Ananda kaisA, Ananda to AtmA kI vastu hai; ataH Ananda prApti ke mArga meM bhoga kA koI sthAna nahIM hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki bhautika dhArA ko bhoga meM tanika bhI maryAdA svIkAra nahIM tathA AdhyAtmika dhArA ko bhoga kI aNu mAtra bhI upasthiti svIkAra nahIM hai| eka nirbAdha bhoga cAhatI hai, dUsarI aNumAtra bhI bhoga svIkAra nahIM krtii| eka kA svAmI unmakta bhogI hotA hai aura dUsare kA svAmI pUrNa virAgI yogii| paraspara viruddha pathAnugAminI ukta donoM dhArAoM ke adbhuta sammilana kA nAma hI zrAvaka dharma kI sthiti hai| zrAvaka bhogoM kA pUrNa tyAgI na hokara bhI unakI maryAdA avazya sthApita karatA hai| zrAvaka dharma yoga pakSa aura bhoga pakSa kA asthAyI samajhautA hai, jisakI dhArA meM paMcANuvrata aura saptazIla vrata haiN| bhoga pakSa kahatA hai apanI sukha (bhoga) sAmagrI kI prApti ke lie kitanI bhI hiMsA kyoM na karanI par3e, karanI caahie| taba yoga (adhyAtma) pakSa kahatA hai, hiMsA se prApta hone vAlA bhoga hameM cAhie hI nahIM athavA bhoga svayaM hiMsA hai; ataH hameM usakI AvazyakatA hI nahIM hai| sukha hamAre bhItara hai, use bAhara khojane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| taba eka samajhautA hotA hai ki bhAI yaha sahI hai ki hameM bhogoM kI AvazyakatA nahIM, para vartamAna kamajorI ke kAraNa jo bhautika anivArya bhojanapAnAdi kI AvazyakatAyeM hai; unheM pUrNa karane hetu kucha sAmagrI to cAhie hii| isIprakAra bhogoM kI ananta icchAyeM to kabhI pUrNa ho nahIM sakatIM; ataH amaryAdita bhogoM ko ikaTThA karane ke lie hiMsA kI anumati to dI nahIM jA sktii| madhyama mArga ke rUpa meM gRhastha jIvana ke lie anivArya Avazyaka ArambhI, udyogI evaM virodhI hiMsAbhAva ko chor3akara bAkI hiMsA bhAva kA pUrNataH tyAga karanA caahie| ___ isI kA nAma ahiMsANuvrata hai| isIprakAra satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha ke bAre meM bhI jAnanA caahie| gRhasthI ko nyAyapUrvaka calAne ke lie yadi koI anivArya sUkSma asatya vacana kA Azraya lenA par3e to alaga bAta hai, anyathA sthUlarUpa se samasta asatya vacana bolane ke bhAva kA tyAga honA hI satyANuvrata hai| jisakA koI svAmI na ho, aisI miTTI aura jala ko chor3akara aura koI bhI padArtha usake laukika svAmI kI anumati binA grahaNa karane kA bhAva nahIM honA acauryANuvrata hai| dharmAnukUla vivAhita svapatnI athavA svapati ko chor3akara anya meM ratibhAva kA na honA hI brahmacaryANuvrata hai| isIprakAra ati Avazyaka sAmagrI ko maryAdApUrvaka rakhakara aura samasta parigraha ko rakhane aura rakhane ke bhAva kA tyAga kara denA hI parigrahaparimANaaNuvrata hai| ukta pA~coM vratoM ko hI paMcANuvrata kahate haiM / ukta paMcANuvratoM ke sAtha

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56 maiM kauna hU~ ? hI zrAvaka ke saptazIlavrata bhI kahe gae haiN| jinameM tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvrata kahalAte haiN| unakI bhI sthiti yahI hai| jaba taka koI gRhastha hai, taba taka tatsambandhI vyavahAra vyApArAdi bhI sambhava haiM; kintu usakI bhAvanA nirantara unase mukta hone kI rahatI hai| ukta bhAvanA kI siddhi hetu vaha apanI bAhya pariNati ko aura bhI sImita karatA hai| vaha maryAdA meM maryAdA banAtA calA jAtA hai| ukta prakriyA ko hI guNavrata kahate haiM jo tIna prakAra ke hote haiM - (1) divrata (2) dezavrata (3) anarthadaNDavrata / kaSAyAMza kama ho jAne ke kAraNa apane jIvana ko niyamita karane ke AkAMkSI jJAnI zrAvaka kA jIvana bhara ke lie dazoM dizAoM ke prasiddha sthAnoM ke AdhAra para sImA nizcita kara lenA aura jIvana paryanta usa sImA ke bAhara nahIM jAnA hI divrata hai; tathA divrata meM kI huI sImA meM ghar3I-ghaNTA, dina, saptAha, mAha, varSAdi kAla kI sImApUrvaka (divrata meM kI huI vizAla kSetra sambandhI sImA meM) aura bhI kamI kara lenA hI dezavrata hai - jaise maiM eka varSa taka rAjasthAna ke, eka mAha taka jayapura ke, eka dina taka apane makAna yA mandira ke bAhara nahIM jAU~gA / binA prayojana hiMsAdi pApoM meM pravRtti karane ko anarthadaNDa kahate haiM aura usa pravRtti ke tyAgarUpa bhAva ko anarthadaNDavrata kahate haiN| isaprakAra ukta tIna guNavrata aNuvratoM kI abhivRddhi meM sahAyaka haiN| AtmasvabhAva kI sthiratA prApti hetu zikSArUpa zikSAvrata haiM, jo cAra prakAra ke haiM- (1) sAmAyika (2) proSadhopavAsa (3) bhogopabhoga parimANavrata (4) atithisaMvibhAga / sampUrNa dravyoM meM rAga-dveSa chor3akara samatva bhAva kA Alambana karake Atmatattva kI prApti karanA hI sAmAyika hai| samaya zabda kA artha yahA~ AtmA hai; ataH AtmalInatA kA nAma hI sAmAyika hai| jJAnI zrAvaka AtmajJAnI evaM Atmaruci vAlA hone se dina meM prAtaH, dopahara aura sAyaM ko karIba eka ghaNTe Atmacintana avazya karatA hai / ise hI sAmAyika zikSAvrata kahate haiN| 29 zrAvaka kI jIvanadhArA AtmasvabhAva ke samIpa ThaharanA yAnI AtmalInatA hI vAstavika upavAsa ( upa= samIpa, vAsa = ThaharanA) hai| ise niSedhAtmaka vidhi se yoM bhI kaha sakate haiM ki kaSAya, viSaya aura AhAra ke tyAga kA nAma upavAsa hai| pratyeka aSTamI aura caturdazI ko sarvAraMbha chor3akara upavAsa karanA hI proSadhopavAsa kahalAtA hai| 57 prayojanabhUta sImita parigraha ke bhItara bhI kaSAya kama karake bhoga aura upabhoga sAmagrI kA parimANa (mAtrA) ghaTAnA bhogopabhogaparimANavrata hai| paMcendriya ke viSaya meM jo eka bAra bhogane meM Ave use bhoga aura jo bAra-bAra bhogane meM Ave use upabhoga kahate haiM / muni, vratIzrAvaka va avratI zrAvaka ina tIna prakAra ke pAtroM ko apane lie banAe gae pavitra bhojana meM se vibhAga karake vidhipUrvaka dAna denA atithi saMvibhAgavrata hai / ukta 12 vratoM ko niraticAra pAlana karane vAlA hI vratI zrAvaka kahalAtA hai| ukta vratoM meM AsthA hone para tathA inake pAlana meM prayatnazIla rahane para bhI jo inheM niraticAra (nirdoSa) pAlana nahIM kara pAte haiM, unheM avratIzrAvaka kahate haiM / jJAnIzrAvaka kI sthiti asthAI yuddhavirAma jaisI sthiti hai / usake antara meM nirantara rAga aura virAga kA eka prakAra kA andardvandva calatA rahatA hai| usameM rAga ke prabala hote hI vaha apanI maryAdAoM kA ullaMghana karane lagatA hai aura virAga pakSa ke sabala hone kI sthiti meM bhogoM kA sarvathA tyAgI muni bana jAtA hai| isa taraha dekhA jAya to zrAvaka kI sthiti na to bhogI kI hai aura na vaha pUrNataH tyAgI kI hI hai| vaha bhoga aura tyAga kI vicitra arntabhUmikA meM vicaraNa karane vAlA sAdhaka AtmA hai|

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tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra bhagavAna mahAvIra kA jIvana aba purANoM kI gAthA mAtra nahIM rahA, unheM aba itihAsakAroM ne aitihAsika mahApuruSa ke rUpa meM svIkAra kara liyA hai| mahAtmA gAMdhI ne unheM 'ahiMsA ke avatAra' ke rUpa meM yAda kiyA hai| jaina mAnyatAnusAra bhagavAna ananta hote haiN| pratyeka AtmA bhagavAna bana sakatA hai, para tIrthaMkara eka yuga meM va eka kSetra meM caubIsa hI hote haiN| pratyeka tIrthaMkara, bhagavAna to niyama se hote haiM; para pratyeka bhagavAna, tIrthaMkara nahIM / tIrthaMkara hue binA bhI bhagavAna ho sakate haiN| jisase saMsArasAgara tirA jAya use tIrtha kahate haiM aura jo aise tIrtha ko kareM arthAt saMsAra-sAgara se pAra utarane kA mArga batAve, use tIrthaMkara kahate haiN| tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra bharatakSetra va isa yuga ke caubIsaveM evaM antima tIrthaMkara the| unase pUrva RSabhadeva va Adi 23 tIrthaMkara aura ho cuke the| ve jainadharma ke saMsthApaka nahIM, varan eka prabala pracAraka the| jainadharma koI mata yA sampradAya nahIM hai, vaha to vastu kA svarUpa hai; vaha eka tathya hai, parama satya hai| usa parama satya ko prApta kara na kevala nara se nArAyaNa, apitu pazu se paramezvara banA jA sakatA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra kA jIvana ahiMsA ke AdhAra para mAnava jIvana ke carama vikAsa kI kahAnI hai| kSatriya rAjakumAra hone para bhI unhoMne kabhI vizva-vijaya ke svapna nahIM dekhe| bAharI AyudhoM se dUsaroM ko jItane meM unheM jIta dikhAI nahIM dii| unakA vicAra thA ki apane antara meM uThane vAlI moha-rAga-dveSa kI vRttiyoM ko jItanA hI saccI jIta hai| ataH unhoMne antaronmukhI vRtti dvArA moha-rAga-dveSa kA abhAva kara jJAna kA pUrNa vikAsa karanA hI apanA lakSya banAyA aura usa dizA meM tIrthakara bhagavAna mahAvIra apUrva puruSArtha bhI kiyaa| phalataH ve pUrNa vItarAgI aura sarvajJa bane tathA bhagavAna kahe jAne lge| jo vItarAgI aura sarvajJa ho vahI bhagavAna hai| binA pUrNa jJAna prApta kie aura vItarAgI bane koI bhagavAna nahIM ho sktaa| jaina mAnyatAnusAra bhagavAna janmate nahIM, banate haiN| janma se koI bhagavAna nahIM hotA / mahAvIra bhI janma se bhagavAna na the| janma ke samaya to ve hama aura Apa jaise mAnava hI the| bhagavAna to ve bAda meM bane, jaba unhoMne apane ko jiitaa| moha-rAga-dveSa ko jItanA hI apane ko jItanA hai| ___ unhoMne svayaM kahA hai - apane ko jIta liyA to jaga jIta liyA aura apane ko jAna liyA to jaga jAna liyaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA pratipAdita siddhAnta jitane gUDha, gaMbhIra va grAhya haiM; unakA jIvana utanA hI sAdA, sarala evaM sapATa hai; usameM vividhatAoM ko koI sthAna prApta nhiiN| ___ unakI jIvana-gAthA mAtra itanI hI hai ki ve AraMbha ke tIsa varSa vaibhava aura vilAsa ke bIca jala se bhinna kamalavata rhe| bIca ke bAraha varSa jaMgala meM parama maMgala kI sAdhanA meM ekAnta Atma-ArAdhanA-rata rahe aura antima 30 varSa prANImAtra ke kalyANa ke lie sarvodaya tIrtha kA pravartana, pracAra va prasAra karate rhe| ___ mahAvIra kA vartamAna jIvana ghaTanA-bahula nahIM hai| ghaTanAoM meM unake vyaktitva ko khojanA bhI vyartha hai| aisI kaunasI laukika ghaTanA zeSa hai, jo unake ananta pUrvabhavoM meM unake sAtha na ghaTI ho / yadi ghaTanAe~ hI dekhanA hai to unake pUrva bhavoM meM dekheN| mahAvIra kA janma vaizAlI gaNataMtra ke prasiddha rAjanetA licchavi rAjA siddhArtha kI rAnI trizalA ke udara se kuNDagrAma meM huA thaa| unakI

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60 maiM kauna hU~ ? mA~ vaizAlI gaNataMtra ke adhyakSa rAjA ceTaka kI putrI thiiN| ve Aja se 2600 varSa pUrva (599I. pUrva ) caitra zuklA trayodazI ke dina nAtha (jJAtR) vaMzIya kSatriya kula meM janme the| unake mAtA-pitA ne unako nitya vRddhiMgata hote dekha unakA nAma varddhamAna rakhA / bAlaka varddhamAna janma se hI svastha, sundara evaM AkarSaka vyaktitva ke dhanI the| ve doja ke candramA kI bhA~ti vRddhiMgata hote hue apane varddhamAna nAma ko sArthaka karane lge| unake rUpa-saundarya kA pAna karane ke lie surapati (indra) ne hajAra netra banAye the / ve AtmajJAnI, vicAravAn, vivekI aura nirbhIka bAlaka the| to unhoMne sIkhA hI na thA / ve sAhasa ke putale the| ataH unheM bacapana se hI vIra, ativIra kahA jAne lagA thA / AtmajJAnI hone se unheM sanmati bhI kahA jAtA thaa| unake pA~ca nAma prasiddha haiM- vIra, ativIra, sanmati, varddhamAna aura mahAvIra / ve pratyutpannamati the aura vipattiyoM meM apanA santulana nahIM khote the / eka dina bAlaka varddhamAna anya rAjakumAroM ke sAtha krIr3Avana meM khela rahe the| itane meM hI eka bhayaMkara kAlA sarpa AyA aura krodhAveza meM vIroM ko bhI kaMpita kara denevAlI phuMkAra karane lgaa| apane ko viSama sthiti meM pAkara anya bAlaka to bhaya se kAMpane lage para dhIra-vIra bAlaka varddhamAna ko vaha bhayaMkara nAgarAja vicalita na kara skaa| mahAvIra ko apanI ora nirbhaya aura niHzaMka AtA dekha nAgarAja nirmada hokara svayaM apane rAste calatA bnaa| isIprakAra eka bAra eka hAthI madonmatta ho gayA aura gajazAlA ke stambha ko tor3akara nagara meM viplava macAne lgaa| sAre nagara meM khalabalI maca gii| sabhI loga ghabar3A kara yahA~ vahA~ bhAgane lage, para rAjakumAra varddhamAna ne apanA dhairya nahIM khoyA tathA zakti aura yukti se zIghra hI gajarAja para kAbU pA liyaa| rAjakumAra varddhamAna kI vIratA va dhairya kI 31 tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra carcA nagara meM sarvatra hone lgii| ve pratibhAsampanna rAjakumAra the| bar3I se bar3I samasyAoM kA samAdhAna cuTakiyoM meM kara diyA karate the / ve zAnta prakRti ke to the hI, yuvAvasthA meM praveza karate hI unakI gaMbhIratA aura baDha gaI; ve atyanta ekAntapriya ho gye| ve niraMtara cintavana meM hI lage rahate the aura gUDha tattvacarcAe~ kiyA karate the / tattva-saMbaMdhI bar3I se bar3I zaMkAe~ tattva - jijJAsu unase karate the aura bAtoM hI bAtoM meM ve unakA samAdhAna kara dete the| 61 bahuta-sI zaMkAoM kA samAdhAna to unakI saumya AkRti hI kara detI thii| bar3e-bar3e RSigaNoM kI zaMkAe~ bhI unake darzanamAtra se hI zAMta ho jAtI thiiN| ve zaMkAoM kA samAdhAna na karate the, varan svayaM samAdhAna the / eka dina ve rAjamahala kI cauthI maMjila para ekAnta meM vicAra - magna baiThe the| unake bAla - sAthI unase milane ko Ae aura mA~ trizalA se pUchane lage - "varddhamAna kahA~ hai?" gRhakArya meM saMlagna mA~ ne sahaja hI kaha diyA- "Upara " saba bAlaka Upara ko daur3e aura hA~phate hue sAtavIM maMjila para pahu~ce, para vahA~ varddhamAna ko na paayaa| jaba unhoMne svAdhyAya meM saMlagna rAjA siddhArtha se varddhamAna ke sambandha meM pUchA to unhoMne binA gardana uThAye hI kaha diyA- "niice|" mA~ aura pitA ke paraspara viruddha kathanoM ko sunakara bAlaka asamaMjasa meM par3a ge| antataH unhoMne eka-eka maMjila khojanA Arambha kiyA aura cauthI maMjila para varddhamAna ko vicAramagna baiThe pAyA / - saba sAthiyoM ne ulAhane ke svara meM kahA - "tuma yahA~ chipe-chipe dArzanikoM kI sI mudrA meM baiThe ho aura hamane sAtoM maMjileM chAna DAlIM / " "mA~ se kyoM nahIM pUchA?" varddhamAna ne sahaja prazna kiyaa| sAthI bole, "pUchane se hI to saba kucha gar3abar3a huaa| mA~ kahatI haiM

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maiM kauna hU~? - "Upara" aura pitAjI, "niice|" kahA~ khojeM? kauna satya hai?" varddhamAna ne kahA - "donoM satya haiN| maiM cauthI maMjila para hone se mA~ kI apekSA 'Upara' aura pitAjI kI apekSA nIce' hU~ kyoMki mA~ pahalI maMjila aura pitAjI sAtavIM maMjila para haiN| itanA bhI nahIM samajhate? Upara-nIce kI sthiti sApekSa hai| binA apekSA Upara-nIce kA prazna hI nahIM utthtaa| vastu kI sthiti, para se nirapekSa hone para bhI usakA kathana sApekSa hotA hai| pratipAdana kI isI zailI ko hI to syAdvAda kahate haiN| syAvAda eka aisI zailI hai, jisameM kahIM kisI ko koI virodha nahIM A sktaa| yaha sarva samAdhAnakAraka evaM sarva samanvayasaMyukta vANI haiN|" isaprakAra bAlaka varddhamAna syAdvAda jaise gahana siddhAntoM ko bAlakoM ko bhI sahaja samajhA dete the| ve bar3e dhIra-vIra kSatriya yuvaka the| ve cAhate to rAjA bana sakate the| prajA ko satA kara apanA rAjakoSa bhara sakate the aura usake bala para eka bar3I bhArI senA rakhakara bahuta se hare-bhare dezoM ko ujAr3a banAkara mahArAjA bhI bana sakate the| para yaha saba-kucha unheM iSTa na thaa| usa yuga meM bAhya vAtAvaraNa hiMsA se vyApta thaa| dharma ke nAma para bhI hiMsA tANDava-nRtya kara rahI thii| yajJoM meM pazuoM kI bali to sAdhAraNa bAta ho gaI thI, naramegha yajJa taka hone lage the| dharma ke ThekedAra svarga meM bhejane ke bahAne dharma ke nAma para nirIha pazuoM aura asahAya mAnavoM ko homane lage the| ahiMsA ke avatAra mahAvIra kA apane ko ukta vAtAvaraNa meM khapA pAnA sambhava na thaa| ve sabako sanmArga dikhAnA cAhate the; kintu dUsaroM ko samajhAne ke pUrva ve apane jJAna kA pUrNa vikAsa kara lenA cAhate the| bAhya hiMsA se jagat ko rokane ke pahale ve apane antara meM vidyamAna rAga-dveSa rUpa bhAvahiMsA ko pUrNa samApta kara denA cAhate the| ataH unhoMne gRha tyAga kara sanyAsa lene kA vicAra kiyaa| tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra ve mahAvIra to bananA cAhate the; para hiMsA, atyAcAra, parapIr3ana, saMhAra aura krUratA ke nahIM; varan ahiMsA aura zAMti ke mahAvIra bananA cAhate the| duniyA~ ne unheM apane raMga meM raMganA cAhA; para AtmA ke raMga meM sarvAMga sarAbora mahAvIra para duniyA~ kA raMga na car3hA / yauvana ne apane pralobhanoM ke pAse phaiMke; kintu usake bhI dA~va khAlI gye| mAtA-pitA kI mamatA ne unheM rokanA cAhA; para mA~ ke A~suoM kI bAr3ha bhI unheM bahA na skii| unake rUpa saundarya evaM bala-vikrama se prabhAvita ho aneka rAjAgaNa apanI apsarAoM ke saundarya ko lajjita kara denevAlI kanyAoM kI zAdI unase karane ke prastAva lekara Aye; para aneka rAjakanyAoM ke hRdaya meM vAsa karanevAle mahAvIra kA mana una kanyAoM meM na thaa| mAtA-pitA ne bhI unase zAdI karane kA bahuta Agraha kiyA; para ve to indriya-nigraha kA nizcaya kara cuke the| cAroM ora se unheM gRhasthI ke bandhana meM bA~dhane ke aneka yatna kiye gae, para ve abandha-svabhAvI AtmA kA Azraya lekara saMsAra ke sarva bandhanoM se mukta hone kA nizcaya kara cuke the| jo mohabandhana tor3a cukA ho use kauna bA~dha sakatA thA? ___ pariNAsvarUpa tIsa varSIya bhare yauvana meM maMgasira kRSNa dazamI ke dina unhoMne ghara-bAra chodd'aa| nagna digambara ho nirjana vana meM AtmasAdhanA-rata ho ge| unake tapa (dIkSA) kalyANa ke zubha prasaMga para laukAntika devoM ne Akara vinayapUrvaka unake isa kArya kI bhaktipUrvaka prazaMsA kii| munirAja varddhamAna mauna rahate the, kisI se bAtacIta nahIM karate the| nirantara Atma-cintana meM hI lage rahate the| yahA~ taka ki snAna aura dantadhovana ke vikalpa se bhI pare the| zatru aura mitra meM samabhAva rakhanevAle munirAja mahAvIra giri-kandarAoM meM vAsa karate the| zIta, grISma, varSAdi RtuoM ke pracaMDa vega se ve tanika bhI vicalita na hote the| unakI saumya mUrti, svAbhAvika saralatA, ahiMsAmaya jIvana evaM

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maiM kauna hU~ ? 64 zAMta svabhAva kA prabhAva vanyapazuoM para bhI par3atA thA aura ve svabhAvagata vaira-virodha chor3a sAmyabhAva dhAraNa karate the / ahi-nakula tathA gAya aura zera eka ghATa pAnI pIte the| jahA~ ve Thaharate, vAtAvaraNa zAntimaya ho jAtA thaa| kabhI kadAcit bhojana kA vikalpa uThatA to aneka aTapaTI pratijJAyeM lekara ve bhojana ke lie samIpastha nagara kI ora jAte / yadi koI zrAvaka unakI pratijJAoM ke anurUpa zuddha sAttvika AhAra navadhA bhaktipUrvaka detA to atyanta sAvadhAnIpUrvaka khar3e-khar3e nirIha bhAva se grahaNa kara zIghra vana ko vApisa cale jAte the| munirAja mahAvIra kA AhAra eka bAra ati vipannAvasthA ko prApta satI caMdanabAlA ke hAtha se bhI huA thA / isaprakAra antarbAhya ghora tapazcaraNa karate bAraha varSa bIta gae / 42 varSa kI avasthA vaizAkha zuklA dazamI ke dina Atma-nimagnatA kI dazA meM unhoMne antara meM vidyamAna sUkSma rAga kA bhI abhAva kara pUrNa vItarAga dazA prApta kara lii| pUrNa vItarAgatA prApta hote hI unheM paripUrNa jJAna kI bhI prApti huii| moha-rAga-dveSa rUpI zatruoM ko pUrNatayA jIta lene se ve sacce mahAvIra bane / pUrNa vItarAgI aura sarvajJa hone se ve bhagavAna kahalAe / usI samaya tIrthaMkara nAmaka mahApuNyodaya se unheM tIrthaMkara padavI prApta huI aura ve tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra ke rUpa meM vizruta hue / usake bAda unakA tattvopadeza hone lagA / unakI dharmasabhA ko 'samavazaraNa' kahA jAtA hai| usameM pratyeka prANI ko jAne kA adhikAra prApta thaa| choTe-bar3e kA koI bheda nahIM thA / jAti-pA~ti ko koI sthAna prApta na thA / bhagavAna mahAvIra ne jAtigata zreSThatA ko kabhI mahattva nahIM diyA / unake anusAra zreSThatva kA mApadaNDa mAnava ke AcAra aura vicAra haiN| AcAra zuddhi ke lie ahiMsA aura vicAra zuddhi ke lie anekAntAtmaka dRSTikoNa Avazyaka haiN| jisakA AcAra ahiMsaka hai, 33 tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra 65 jisane vicAra meM vastu-tattva ko sparza kiyA hai tathA jo apane meM utara cukA hai; cAhe vaha cAMDAla hI kyoM na hoM, vaha mAnava hI nahIM, deva se bhI bar3hakara hai| unakI dharmasabhA meM rAjA-raMka, garIba-amIra, gore-kAle saba mAnava eka sAtha baiThakara dharma zravaNa karate the / yahA~ taka ki usameM mAnavoM-devoM ke sAtha-sAtha pazuoM ke baiThane kI bhI vyavasthA thI aura bahuta se pazugaNa bhI zAntipUrvaka dharma zravaNa karate the / sarvaprANI - samabhAva jaisA mahAvIra kI dharmasabhA meM prApta thA; vaisA anyatra durlabha hai| mahAvIra ke dharmazAsana meM mahilAoM ko sammAnapUrNa sthAna prApta thA / unake dvArA sthApita caturvidha saMga meM muni saMgha aura zrAvaka saMgha ke sAtha-sAtha AryikA saMgha aura zrAvikA saMgha bhI the| aneka virodhI vidvAna bhI unake upadezoM se prabhAvita hokara apanI paramparAoM ko tyAga unake ziSya bane / pramukha virodhI vidvAna indrabhUti gautama to unake paTTa ziSyoM meM se haiN| ve hI unake prathama gaNadhara bane jo ki gautama svAmI ke nAma se prasiddha haiN| sudharma svAmI Adi aura bhI aneka gaNadhara the / zrAvaka ziSyoM meM magadha samrATa mahArAja zreNika (bimbasAra ) pramukha the / lagAtAra tIsa varSa taka sAre bhAratavarSa meM unakA vihAra hotA rhaa| unakA upadeza jana-bhASA meM hotA thaa| unake upadeza ko divyadhvani kahA jAtA hai| unhoMne apanI divyavANI meM pUrNarUpa se AtmA kI svataMtratA kI ghoSaNA kii| unakA kahanA thA ki pratyeka AtmA svataMtra hai, koI kisI ke AdhIna nahIM hai| pUrNa svataMtratA prApta karane kA mArga svAvalaMbana hai| apane bala para hI svataMtratA prApta kI jA sakatI hai| ananta sukha aura svataMtratA bhIkha meM prApta hone vAlI vastu nahIM haiM aura na use dUsaroM ke bala para hI prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai|

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maiM kauna hU~? saba AtmAe~ svataMtra bhinna-bhinna haiM, eka nahIM; para ve eka-sI avazya haiM; barAbara haiM, koI choTI-bar3I nhiiN| ataH unhoMne kahA (1) apane samAna dUsarI AtmAoM ko jaano| (2) saba AtmAe~ samAna haiM, para eka nhiiN| (3) yadi sahI dizA meM puruSArtha kareM to pratyeka AtmA paramAtmA bana sakatA hai| (4) pratyeka prANI apanI bhUla se svayaM duHkhI hai aura apanI bhUla sudhAra kara sukhI bhI ho sakatA hai| (5) bhagavAna jagata ke taTastha jJAtA-dRSTA hote haiM, kartA-dhartA nhiiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra kA sarvodaya, vargodaya ke viruddha eka vaicArika krAMti hai| jisameM sabakA udaya ho vahI sarvodaya hai| ve mAnava mAtra kA hI nahIM, prANImAtra kA udaya cAhate the| dharma ke sarvodaya svarUpa kA tAtparya sarva jIva samabhAva aura sarva jAti samabhAva se hai| saba jIvoM kI unnati ke samAna avasaroM kI upalabdhi hI sarvodaya hai| __dUsaroM kA burA cAhakara koI apanA bhalA nahIM kara sakatA hai| sAmAjika jIvana meM viSamatA rahate kabhI koI varga sukhI aura zAnta nahIM raha sktaa| yaha kadApi nahIM cala sakatA ki eka ora to asIma bhoga-sAmagrI sahaja hI upalabdha ho aura dUsarI ora zrama karate hue bhI jIvanayApana ke lie Avazyaka vastue~ bhI upalabdha na ho skeN| usake lie bhagavAna mahAvIra ne aparigraha aura alpaparigraha kI vyavasthA ko upAdeya kahA, para ukta vyavasthA kI sthApanA ahiMsAtmaka DhaMga se hI honI caahie| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne ahiMsA ko paramadharma ghoSita kiyA hai| sAmAjika jIvana meM viSamatA rahate ahiMsA nahIM panapa sktii| ataH ahiMsA ke sAmAjika prayoga ke lie jIvana meM samanvaya-vRtti, saha-astitva kI tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra bhAvanA evaM sahiSNutA aura samatAbhAva para jora diyA, to vaicArika hiMsA se bacane ke lie anekAnta kA samanvayAtmaka dRSTikoNa pradAna kiyaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne sadA hI ahiMsAtmaka AcaraNa para jora diyA hai| jaina AcaraNa chuAchUta-mUlaka na hokara, jisameM hiMsA na ho yA kama se kama hiMsA ho, ke AdhAra para nizcita hotA hai| pAnI chAna kara pInA, rAtri-bhojana nahIM karanA, madya-mAMsa kA sevana nahIM karanA Adi samasta AcaraNa, ahiMsA ko lakSya meM rakhakara hI apanAye gaye haiN| ____ mahAvIra ne janma-mUlaka varNa-vyavasthA ko svIkAra nahIM kiyaa| ve yogyatA-mUlaka samAja-vyavasthA meM vizvAsa rakhate the; kyoMki vyakti kI U~cAI kA AdhAra usakI yogyatA aura AcAra-vicAra hai, na ki janma / janma se hI choTe-bar3e kA bheda karanA bhI hiMsAtmaka AcaraNa hai| Aja hamane mAnava-mAnava ke bIca aneka dIvAreM khar3I karalI haiN| ye dIvAreM prAkRtika na hokara hamAre dvArA hI khar3I kI gaI haiN| ye dIvAreM raMgabheda, varNa-bheda, jAti-bheda, kula-bheda, deza va prAnta-bheda Adi kI haiN| dhArmika jar3atA aura Arthika apavyaya rokane ke lie mahAvIra ne kriyAkANDa aura yajJoM kA virodha kiyaa| AdamI ko AdamI ke nikaTa lAne ke lie varNa-vyavasthA ko karma ke AdhAra para btaayaa| jIvana ke jIne ke lie anekAnta kI bhAvabhUmi, syAdvAda kI bhASA aura aNuvrata kA AcAra-vyavahAra diyA aura mAnava-vyaktitva ke carama vikAsa ke lie kahA ki Izvara tumhI ho, apane Apako pahicAno aura IzvarIya guNoM kA vikAsa kara Izvaratva ko paao| tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ne jisa sarvodaya tIrtha kA praNayana kiyA, usake jisa dharmatattva ko loka ke sAmane rakhA; usameM na jAti kI sImA hai, na kSetra kI ora na kAla kI; na raMga, varNa, liMga Adi kii| dharma meM saMkIrNatA aura sImA nahIM hotii|

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maiM kauna hU~ ? anekAntAtmaka vicAra, syAdvAdarUpa vANI, ahiMsAtmaka AcAra evaM aparigrahI yA sImita parigrahI jIvana- ye cAra mahAna siddhAnta tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kI dhArmika sahiSNutA ke prabala pramANa haiM / 68 tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra ne pratyeka vastu kI pUrNa svataMtra sattA svIkAra kI hai aura yaha bhI spaSTa kiyA hai ki pratyeka vastu svayaM pariNamanazIla hai| usake pariNamana meM para-padArtha kA koI hastakSepa nahIM hai| yahA~ taka ki paramapitA paramezvara (bhagavAn) bhI usakI sattA kA karttA harttA nahIM hai / jana-jana kI hI nahIM, apitu kaNa-kaNa kI svataMtra sattA kI udghoSaNA tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kI vANI meM huii| dUsaroM ke pariNamana yA kArya meM hastakSepa karane kI bhAvanA hI mithyA, niSphala aura duHkha kA kAraNa hai; kyoMki saba jIvoM kA jIvana-maraNa, sukha-duHkha svayaMkRta va svayaMkRta karma kA phala hai| eka ko dUsare ke duHkha-sukha, jIvana-maraNa kA karttA mAnanA ajJAna hai| unhoMne vyaktisvAtaMtrya aura vicAroM kI svataMtratA para sarvatra jora diyA hai| ve apane pIche andhavizvAsiyoM kI bhIr3a ikaTThI kara popar3ama kA pracAra nahIM karanA cAhate the| unhoMne to vicArakoM ko cintana kI naI dizA dI hai| unhoMne spaSTa kahA - "jo maiM kahatA hU~, use tarka kI kasauTI para kasakara aura anubhUti se AtmasAt karake hI svIkAra karo, anyathA yaha satya tumhArA na bana paayegaa| AgamapramANarUpa cAbuka kI mAra se, tarkoM ke prabala prahAra se aura mere adbhuta vyaktitva ke prabhAva se jo maiMne kahA use yadi Upara se svIkAra bhI kara liyA to koI lAbha nahIM hogaa| vaha to eka naye andhavizvAsa aura popar3ama ko hI janma degA / " isaprakAra unakA upadeza sArvabhaumika aura vizva zAMti kI ora le jAne vAlA hai| 35 tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra 69 yadi Aja mahAvIra ke sarvodayI anekAntAtmaka vicAra, saba pakSoM ko apane meM samAhita kara lene vAlI syAdvAda vANI, ahiMsAyukta AcaraNa aura sImita-saMgraha se yukta jIvanavRtti hamAre sAmAjika jIvana kA AdhAra va aMga bana jAe to hamArI bahuta kucha samasyAe~ sahaja sulajha sakatI haiN| hama Atma-zAnti ke sAtha-sAtha vizva zAnti kI dizA meM bhI sahaja hI agrasara ho sakate haiN| anta meM 72 varSa kI Ayu meM dIpAvalI ke dina isa yuga ke antima tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra ne bhautika deha ko tyAga kara nirvANa prApta kiyaa| usI dina unake prathama ziSya indrabhUti gautama ko pUrNajJAna (kevalajJAna) kI prApti huI / jaina mAnyatAnusAra dIpAvalI mahAparva bhagavAna ke mahAvIra ke nirvANa evaM unake pramukha ziSya gautama ko pUrNajJAna kI prApti ke upalakSya meM hI manAyA jAtA hai| isaprakAra hama dekhate haiM ki bhagavAna mahAvIra kA jIvana nara se nArAyaNa banane evaM AtmA ke kramika pUrNa vikAsa kI kahAnI hai| nijAtmA ke prati aruci hI usake prati ananta krodha hai| jisake prati hamAre hRdaya meM aruci hotI hai, usakI upekSA hamase sahaja hI hotI rahatI hai| apanI AtmA ko kSamA karane aura kSamA mA~gane kA mAtra Azaya yahI hai ki hama use jAneM, pahicAneM aura usI meM rama jaayeN| svayaM ko kSamA karane aura svayaM se kSamA mA~gane ke lie vANI kI aupacArikatA kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| nizcayakSamAvANI to svayaM ke prati sajaga ho jAnA hI hai| usameM para kI apekSA nahIM rahatI tathA AtmA ke Azraya se krodhAdikaSAyoM ke upazAnta ho jAne se vyavahArakSamAvANI bhI sahaja hI prasphuTita hotI hai| hna dharma ke dazalakSaNa, pRSTha- 1985

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bhagavAna mahAvIra aura unakI upAsanA jo pUrNa vItarAgI aura sarvajJa pada ko prApta karatA hai; vaha bhagavAna (paramAtmA) kahalAtA hai| arahaMta aura siddha hI aise pada haiN| ataH ukta padoM ko prApta puruSa hI paramAtmA (bhagavAna) zabda se abhihita kiye jAte haiN| arahaMtoM meM tIrthaMkara arahaMta aura sAmAnya arahanta aise do prakAra hote haiN| vartamAna kAla meM dharmatIrtha ke pravartaka caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM meM antima tIrthaMkara arahaMta bhagavAna mahAvIra the| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke anusAra paramAtmA para kA kartA-dhartA na hokara mAtra jJAtA-dRSTA hotA hai tathA paramAtmA ke upAsaka (bhakta) kI dRSTi (mAnyatA) meM para meM kartRtvabuddhi nahIM hotii| jabataka para meM pheraphAra karane kI buddhi (ruci) rahegI; tabataka usakI dRSTi ko samyak dRSTi nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| vItarAgI paramAtmA kA upAsaka (bhakta) bhI vItarAgatA kA hI upAsaka hotA hai| laukika sukha (bhoga) kI AkAMkSA se paramAtmA kI upAsanA karane vAlA vyakti vItarAgI bhagavAna mahAvIra kA upAsaka nahIM ho sktaa| __vaha to mAtra paMthavyAmoha se hI mahAvIra kI upAsanA karatA hai; vastutaH vaha bhagavAna kA upAsaka na hokara bhogoM kA hI upAsaka hai| bhagavAna kA saccA svarUpa na samajha pAne ke kAraNa Aja kI upAsanA meM aneka vikRtiyA~ A gaI haiN| aba hama mUrtiyoM meM vItarAgatA na dekhakara camatkAra dekhane lage haiM aura camatkAra ko namaskAra kI lokokti ke anusAra jisa mUrti aura jisa mandira ke sAtha camatkArika kathAyeM jur3I pAte haiM; una mUrtiyoM ke samakSa aura una mandiroM meM bhaktoM kI bhIr3a adhikAdhika dikhAI detI hai| jinake sAtha laukika samRddhi, saMtAnAdi kI prApti kI kalpanAyeM prasArita haiM; vahA~ to khar3e hone ko sthAna taka nahIM milatA aura zeSa mandira khaMDahara hote jA rahe haiM; vahA~ kI mUrtiyoM kI dhUla sApha karane vAlA bhI dikhAI nahIM detaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra aura unakI upAsanA eka bhagavAna mahAvIra kI hajAroM mUrtiyA~ haiM aura una saba mUrtiyoM ke mAdhyama se hama mahAvIra kI pUjA karate haiN| pRthak-pRthak mandiroM meM pRthakpRthak mUrtiyoM ke mAdhyama se pUje jAne vAle mahAvIra pRthak-pRthak nahIM haiM, varan eka haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra apanI vItarAgatA evaM sarvajJatA ke kAraNa pUjya haiM; koI laukika camatkAroM aura saMtAna, dhanAdi dene ke kAraNa nhiiN| ___jo mahAn AtmA svayaM dhanAdi aura gharabAra chor3akara AtmasAdhanArata huA ho; usase hI dhanAdika kI cAha karanA kitanA hAsyAspada hai! unako bhogAdi kA dene vAlA kahanA, unakI vItarAgatA kI mUrti ko khaMDita karanA hai| eka to mahAvIra prasanna hokara kisI ko kucha dete nahIM haiM aura na aprasanna hokara kisI kA bigAr3a hI karate haiM, dUsare yadi bhole jIvoM kI kalpanAnusAra unheM sukha-duHkha dene-lene vAlA bhI mAna liyA jAya to bhI yaha samajha meM nahIM AtA ki ve apanI amuka mUrti kI pUjA ke mAdhyama se hI kucha dete hoM, anya kI pUjA ke mAdhyama se nhiiN| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki ve to kucha nahIM dete para unake upAsaka ko sahaja hI puNya-baMdha hotA hai to kyA amuka mUrti ke sAmane pUjA karane se yA amuka mandira meM ghRtAdika ke dIpaka rakhane se hI puNya baMdhegA, anya mandiroM meM yA anya mUrtiyoM ke sAmane nahIM? ukta pravRtti ke kAraNa hamArI dRSTi, mUrti ke mAdhyama se jisakI pUjA kI jAtI hai, usa mahAvIra se haTakara mAtra mUrti para kendrita ho gaI hai aura hama yaha bhUlate jA rahe haiM ki vastutaH hama mUrti ke nahIM, mUrti ke mAdhyama se mUrtimAna (vItarAgI sarvajJa bhagavAna) ke pujArI haiN| ___ yaha saba kyoM aura kaise huA? yaha eka vicAraNIya prazna hai| jaba jJAna kI apekSA kriyAkAMDa ko mukhyatA dI jAne lagatI hai; taba isaprakAra kI prakriyA utpanna hone lagatI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra ne cAritra ko samyagjJAna pUrvaka hI kahA hai| ajJAnapUrvaka kI gaI koI bhI prakriyA dharma nahIM kahalA sktii|

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72 73 maiM kauna hU~? kahA bhI hai hra "bahuvidha kriyA kaleza soM, ziva pada laheM na koya / jJAna kalA parakAza teM, sahaja mokSa pada hoya / / ' ghane sunna jo dIjiye, eka aMka nahIM hoya / tyoM kiriyA bina jJAna ke, thothI jAno soya / / bhagavAna kI sahI rUpa meM pahicAne binA, unakI upAsanA sahI arthoM meM nahIM kI jA sakatI hai| ataH sabase pahile upAsaka ko paramAtmA (bhagavAna) kA svarUpa acchI prakAra samajhanA caahiye| paramAtmA vItarAgI evaM pUrNa jJAnI hotA hai| ataH usakA upAsaka bhI pUrNajJAna evaM vItarAgatA kA upAsaka honA caahiye| viSaya-kaSAya kA abhilASI vyakti vItarAgI bhagavAna kA upAsaka ho hI nahIM sktaa| kahA~ to hama pratidina bolate haiM hra "indrAdika pada nahiM cAhU~, viSayani meM nAhiM lubhaauuN| rAgAdika doSa harIjai, paramAtama nija pada diijai||" aura kahA~ viSayAdika kI kAmanA pUrti hetu upAsanA kareM ha yaha kahA~ taka tarkasaMgata hai? ___ "guNeSu anurAgaH bhaktiH ha guNoM meM anurAga ko bhakti kahate haiN|" jabataka hama paramAtmA ke guNoM ko pahicAneMge nahIM, unake abhilASI kaise hoMge, unake prati hamArA anurAga bhI kaise hogA? paramAtmA kA saccA bhakta sirpha paramAtmapada cAhatA hai, anyatra usakI ruci nahIM hotii| ___ ataH hameM bhagavAna ke upAsaka kahalAne ke pUrva eka bAra apanI upAsanA pravRtti kI sthiti para vicAra karanA hogA aura kAraNavaza AI huI ina kupravRttiyoM ko apanI upAsanApaddhati se alaga karanA hogaa| ___yadi hama sAmAjika stara para una vItarAgatA virodhI pravRttiyoM ko nahIM haTA sakate to inase apane Apako to bacA hI sakate haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra aura unakI upAsanA yahA~ yaha prazna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki bhagavAna kI bhakti se kyA laukika sukha bhI nahIM milatA hai? bAta yaha hai ki vItarAgatA ke upAsaka jJAnI bhakta kI laukika sukha meM ruci hI nahIM hotI, para zubhabhAva hone se puNya baMdha avazya hotA hai aura tadanukUla sukha (bhoga) sAmagrI bhI prApta hotI hai, para bhagavAna mahAvIra ke upAsaka kI dRSTi meM usakA koI mUlya nahIM tathA viSayAbhilASA se kI gaI bhagavAna kI bhakti, rAga kI tIvratA aura bhogoM kI abhilASA se yukta hone se puNya baMdha kA kAraNa bhI nahIM hotI; kyoMki bhogAbhilASA evaM rAgabhAva to pApabhAva haiN| ukta sampUrNa bAta kahane se merA abhiprAya yaha nahIM hai ki Apa bhagavAna mahAvIra kI upAsanA karanA hI chor3a deM; balki maiM cAhatA hU~ ki Apa bhagavAna mahAvIra ke sacce arthoM meM upAsaka baneM, unake svarUpa ko samajheM va unakI upAsanA ke hetu ko samajhakara sahI rUpa deN| jaba vItarAgatA aura AtmajJAna kI pUrNatA hI hamArA prAptavya banegA; tabhI hama vItarAgI, sarvajJa bhagavAna mahAvIra ke sacce upAsaka kahalAne ke adhikArI hoNge| vizvavikhyAta samasta darzanoM meM jainadarzana hI eka aisA darzana hai, jo nija bhagavAna AtmA kI ArAdhanA ko dharma kahatA hai; svayaM ke darzana ko samyagdarzana, svayaM ke jJAna ko samyagjJAna aura svayaM ke dhyAna ko samyakcAritra kahakara ina samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra ko hI vAstavika dharma ghoSita karatA hai| Izvara kI gulAmI se bhI mukta karane vAlA ananta svataMtratA kA udghoSaka yaha darzana pratyeka AtmA ko sarvaprabhutAsampanna paramAtmA ghoSita karatA hai aura usa paramAtmA ko prApta karane kA upAya bhI svAvalambana ko hI batAtA hai| -bArahabhAvanA : eka anuzIlana, pRSTha 165 1. samayasAra nATaka, nirjarA dvAra, chanda 26 2. AlocanA pATha, chanda 33

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vyAvahArika jIvana meM mahAvIra ke Adarza havA, pAnI aura bhojana Adi kA jo mahatva hamAre jIvana meM hai; usase kama dharma, dhArmika AsthA aura dhArmika AdarzoM kA nahIM hai; kintu hama havA, pAnI aura bhojana Adi kI jitanI AvazyakatA aura upayogitA anubhava karate haiM, utanI dharma aura dhArmika AdarzoM kI nhiiN| samasta prANI sukha cAhate haiM aura duHkha se Darate haiM, tadartha nirantara prayatna bhI karate haiM; kintu vAstavika sukha kyA hai aura sukhI hone kA saccA mArga kyA hai? yaha na jAnane ke kAraNa unake prayatna saphala nahIM ho paate| havA, pAnI aura bhojana Adi se bhautika AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti to kara sakate haiM; kintu duHkha ke kAraNa bhautika jagata meM nahIM, mAnasika jagata meM vidyamAna haiN| jaba taka antara meM moha-rAga-dveSa kI jvAlA jalatI rahegI; taba taka pUrNa sukhI honA saMbhava nahIM hai| moha-rAga-dveSa kI jvAlA zAnta ho - isake lie dharma, dhArmika AsthA aura dhArmika AdarzoM se anuprerita jIvana kA honA atyanta Avazyaka hai| dhArmika Adarza bhI to aise hone cAhie jinakA saMbaMdha jIvana kI vAstavikatAoM se ho| jo Adarza vyAvahArika jIvana meM saphalatApUrvaka na utara sakeM, jinakA saphala prayoga dainika jIvana meM saMbhava na ho, ve Adarza kalpanAloka ke sunahare svapna to ho sakate haiM; kintu jIvana meM unakI upayogitA aura upAdeyatA saMdigdha hI rhegii| ___vyAvahArika jIvana kI kasauTI para jaba hama tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra ke AdarzoM ko kasate haiM to ve pUrNataH khare utarate haiN| hama spaSTa anubhava karate haiM ki unake Adarza kalpanAloka kI U~cI ur3AneM nahIM, ve Thosa vyAvahArika jIvana meM mahAvIra ke Adarza dharAtala para prayogasiddha siddhAMta haiM aura unakA pAlana vyAvahArika jIvana meM mAtra saMbhava hI nahIM; ve jIvana ko sukhI, zAnta aura samRddha banAne ke lie pUrNa saphala evaM sahaja sAdhana haiN| jIvana ko pavitra, saccaritra evaM sukhI banAne ke lie tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ne ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha - ye pA~ca mahAn Adarza loka ke sAmane rkhe| vyAvahArika jIvana meM inake saphala prayoga ke lie unhoMne inheM sAdhu aura sAmAnyajanoM (zrAvakoM) ko lakSya meM rakhakara mahAvrata aura aNuvrata ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyaa| ukta AdarzoM ko pUrNa rUpa se jIvana meM utArane vAle sAdhu evaM zakti va yogyatAnusAra dhAraNa karane vAle zrAvaka kahalAte haiN| zakti aura yogyatA ke vaividhya ko lakSya meM rakhakara zrAvakoM kI gyAraha kakSAyeM nizcita kI gaI haiM, jinheM gyAraha pratimAyeM kahA jAtA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA pratipAdita mahAn Adarza - ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha para yaha AkSepa kiyA jAtA hai ki ve itane sUkSma evaM kaThora haiM ki unakA prayoga vyAvahArika jIvana meM saMbhava nahIM hai| yadyapi yaha satya hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra ne hiMsAdi pApoM ke raMcamAtra bhI sadbhAva ko zreyaskara nahIM mAnA hai; tathApi unako jIvana meM utArane ke lie aneka staroM kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| ataH pratyeka vyakti ko unheM jIvana meM apanAnA saMbhava hI nahIM, varan prayogasiddha hai| ___ jahA~ sAdhu kA jIvana pUrNa ahiMsaka evaM aparigrahI hotA hai; vahIM zrAvakoM ke jIvana meM yogyatAnusAra sImita parigraha kA grahaNa hotA hai tathA jahA~ gRhastha binA prayojana cIMTI taka kA vadha nahIM karatA hai| vahIM deza, samAja, ghara-bAra, mA~-bahina, dharma aura dharmAyatana kI rakSA ke lie talavAra uThAne meM bhI saMkoca nahIM krtaa| 38

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76 maiM kauna hU~? vyAvahArika jIvana meM mahAvIra ke Adarza bhagavAna mahAvIra ne ahiMsA ko paramadharma ghoSita kiyA hai| sAmAjika jIvana meM viSamatA rahate ahiMsA nahIM panapa sakatI; ataH ahiMsA ke sAmAjika prayoga ke lie jIvana meM samanvayavRtti, saha-astitva kI bhAvanA evaM sahiSNutA ati Avazyaka hai| unhoMne jana-sAdhAraNa meM saMbhAvita zArIrika hiMsA ko kama karane ke lie saha-astitva, sahiSNutA aura samatAbhAva para jora diyA to vaicArika hiMsA se bacane ke lie anekAMta kA samanvayAtmaka dRSTikoNa bhI pradAna kiyaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA pratipAdika ukta pA~ca mahAna Adarza yadi hama zakti aura yogyatAnusAra apane jIvana meM utAra leM, unheM vyAvahArika rUpa meM apanA leM to nizcita rUpa se vizvazAMti kI dizA meM agrasara hoNge| . isaprakAra hama dekhate haiM ki bhagavAna mahAvIra ke bhUmikAnusAra AcaraNa evaM anekAntAtmaka dRSTikoNa ko samajhe binA hI ukta AkSepa kiyA jAtA hai| jainAcaraNa ke vyAvahArika pakSa ko saiddhAntika rUpa meM caraNAnuyoga ke zAstroM se evaM prayogAtmaka rUpa meM jainapurANoM ke anuzIlana se bhalIbhA~ti jAnA jA sakatA hai| hiMsAdi pApoM ke tyAga kI prakriyA bhagavAna mahAvIra ke zAsana meM saprayojana hai| jaise hiMsA cAra prakAra kI kahI gaI hai - (1) saMkalpI hiMsA, (2) udyogI hiMsA, (3) ArambhI hiMsA aura (4) virodhI hiNsaa| kevala nirdaya pariNAma hI hetu haiM jisameM, aise saMkalpa (irAdA) pUrvaka kiyA gayA prANaghAta saMkalpI hiMsA hai| vyApAra Adi kAryoM meM tathA gRhasthI ke ArambhAdi kAryoM meM sAvadhAnI baratate hue bhI jo hiMsA ho jAtI hai; vaha kramazaH udyogI aura AraMbhI hiMsA hai| apane tathA apane parivAra, dharmAyatana, samAja-dezAdi para kiye gaye AkramaNa se rakSA ke lie anicchApUrvaka kI gaI hiMsA virodhI hiMsA hai| ukta cAra prakAra kI hiMsAoM meM eka saMkalpI hiMsA kA to zrAvaka sarvathA tyAgI hotA hai; kintu bAkI tIna prakAra kI hiMsA usake jIvana meM vidyamAna rahatI haiN| yadyapi vaha unase bhI bacane kA pUrA-pUrA yatna karatA hai, AraMbha aura udyoga meM bhI pUrI-pUrI sAvadhAnI rakhatA hai; tathApi usakA AraMbhI, udyogI aura virodhI hiMsA se pUrNarUpeNa baca pAnA saMbhava nahIM hai| yadyapi ukta hiMsA usake jIvana meM vidyamAna rahatI hai; tathApi vaha use upAdeya nahIM mAnatA, vidheya bhI nahIM maantaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne sadA hI ahiMsAtmaka AcaraNa para jora diyA hai| jaina AcaraNa chuAchUtamUlaka na hokara jisameM hiMsA na ho yA kama se kama hiMsA ho, ke AdhAra para nizcita kiyA gayA hai| pAnI chAnakara kAma meM lenA, rAtri meM bhojana nahIM karanA, madya-mAMsAdi kA sevana nahIM karanA Adi samasta AcaraNa ahiMsA ko lakSya meM rakhakara apanAe gae haiN| satya kI prApti aura satya kA pracAra satya kI prApti aura satya kA pracAra do alaga-alaga cIjeM haiN| satya kI prApti ke liye samasta jagata se kaTakara rahanA Avazyaka hai| isake viparIta satya ke pracAra ke lie jana-samparka jarUrI hai| satya kI prApti vyaktigata kriyA hai aura satya kA pracAra sAmAjika prakriyA / satya kI prApti ke lie apane meM simaTanA jarUrI hai aura satya ke pracAra ke lie jana-jana taka phuNcnaa| sAdhaka kI bhUmikA aura vyaktitva dvaidha hote haiN| jahA~ eka ora ve Atma-tatva kI prApti aura tallInatA ke lie antaronmakhI vatti vAle hote haiM, vahI prApta satya ko jana-jana taka pahu~cAne ke vikalpa se bhI ve alipta nahIM raha pAte haiN| unake vyaktitva kI yaha dvividhatA jana sAmAnya kI samajha meM sahaja nahIM A paatii| yahI kAraNa hai ki kabhI-kabhI ve unake prati zaMkAzIla ho uThate haiN| yadyapi unakI isa zaMkA kA sahI samAdhAna to tabhI hogA, jabaki ve svayaM ukta sthiti ko prApta hoMge; tathApi sAdhaka kA jIvana itanA sAtvika hotA hai ki jagata-jana kI vaha zaMkA avizvAsa kA sthAna nahIM le paatii| -satya kI khoja, pRSTha 135

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dhArmika sahiSNutA aura tIrthaMkara mahAvIra saha-astitva kI pahalI zarta hai sahiSNutA / sahiSNutA ke binA saha-astitva saMbhava nahIM hai| saMsAra meM ananta prANI haiM aura unheM isa loka meM sAtha-sAtha hI rahanA hai| yadi hama sabane eka-dUsare ke astitva ko cunautI diye binA rahanA nahIM sIkhA to hameM nirantara astitva ke saMgharSa juTe rahanA hogaa| saMgharSa azAnti kA kAraNa hai aura usameM hiMsA anivArya hai| hiMsA pratihiMsA ko janma detI hai| isaprakAra hiMsA pratihiMsA kA kabhI samApta na honevAlA cakra calatA rahatA hai| yadi hama zAnti se rahanA cAhate haiM to hameM dUsaroM ke astitva ke prati sahanazIla bananA hogaa| sahanazIlatA sahiSNutA kA hI paryAyavAcI zabda hai| tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra ne pratyeka vastu kI pUrNa svataMtra sattA svIkAra kI hai aura yaha bhI spaSTa kiyA hai ki pratyeka vastu svayaM pariNamanazIla hai; usake pariNamana meM parapadArtha kA koI hastakSepa nahIM hai| yahA~ taka ki paramapitA paramezvara bhI usakI sattA kA karttA harttA nahIM hai| jana-jana kI hI nahIM, apitu kaNa-kaNa kI svataMtra sattA kI udghoSaNA tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kI vANI meM huI / dUsaroM ke pariNamana yA kArya meM hastakSepa karane kI bhAvanA hI mithyA, niSphala aura duHkha kA kAraNa hai; kyoMki saba jIvoM kA jIvana-maraNa, sukha-duHkha, svayaMkRta va svayaMkRta karma kA phala haiN| eka ko dUsare ke duHkha-sukha, jIvana-maraNa kA karttA mAnanA ajJAna hai, so hI kahA haisarvaM sadaiva niyataM bhavati svakIya, karmodayAnmaraNajIvitaduHkhasaukhyam / ajJAnamaitadiha yattu paraH parasya, kuryAtpumAnmaraNajIvitaduHkhasaukhyam / / ' 1. samayasAra AtmakhyAti TIkA kA 168vA~ chanda 40 dhArmika sahiSNutA aura bhagavAna mahAvIra saba jIvoM ke jIvana-maraNa aura sukha-duHkha apane-apane karmodayAnusAra svayaM ke dvArA kiye gaye aura sunizcita hote haiM / isakAraNa yaha mAnanA ajJAna hI hai ki koI kisI ke jIvana-maraNa aura sukha-duHkha ko karatA hai| I 79 yadi eka prANI ko dUsare ke sukha-duHkha aura jIvana-maraNa kA karttA mAnA jAye to phira svayaMkRta zubhAzubha karma niSphala sAbita hoMge; kyoMki prazna yaha hai ki hama bure karma kareM aura koI dUsarA vyakti cAhe vaha kitanA hI zaktizAlI kyoM na ho, kyA hameM sukhI kara sakatA hai? isIprakAra hama acche kArya kareM aura koI vyakti cAhe vaha Izvara hI kyoM na ho, kyA hamArA burA kara sakatA hai? yadi hA~, to phira acche kArya karanA aura bure kAryoM se DaranA vyartha haiM; kyoMki unake phala ko bhoganA Avazyaka to hai nahIM? aura yadi yaha sahI hai ki hameM apane acche-bure karmoM kA phala bhoganA hI hogA to phira para ke hastakSepa kI kalpanA nirarthaka hai / isI bAta ko AcArya amitagati ne sAmAyika pATha meM isaprakAra vyakta kiyA hai svayaM kRtaM karma yadAtmanA purA, phalaM tadIyaM labhate zubhAzubhaM / pareNa dattaM yadi labhyate sphuTaM, svayaM kRtaM karma nirarthakaM tadA / nijArjitaM karma vihAya dehino, na kopi kasyApi dadAti kiMcana / vicArayannevamananya mAnasaH, paro dadAtIti vimucya zemuSIM / / AtmA ke dvArA pUrvakRta zubhAzubhakarmoM kA phala hI prApta kiyA jAtA hai| yadi phala para ke dvArA diyA jAtA hai - yaha mAnA jAya to svayaMkRta karma nirarthaka hI siddha hoNge| vastutaH bAta yaha hai ki svayaM ke dvArA upArjita karmoM ko chor3akara

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maiM kauna hU~? koI bhI kucha nahIM detaa| ananyamana se aisA vicAra karake koI kisI ko kucha detA hai - aisI buddhi (mAnyatA) chor3a do| ataH siddha hai ki kisI bhI dravya meM para kA hastakSepa nahIM cltaa| hastakSepa kI bhAvanA hI AkramaNa ko protsAhita karatI hai| yadi hama apane mana se para meM hastakSepa karane kI bhAvanA nikAla deM to phira hamAre mAnasa meM sahaja hI anAkramaNa kA bhAva jaga jaayegaa| AkramaNa-pratyAkramaNa ko janma detA hai| yaha AkramaNa-pratyAkramaNa kI sthiti aise yuddha ko protsAhita kara sakatI hai, jisase mAtra vizvazAnti hI khatare meM na par3a jAye, apitu vizva pralaya kI sthiti utpanna ho sakatI hai| ataH vizva zAnti kI kAmanA karane vAloM ko tIrthaMkara mahAvIra dvArA batAye gaye ahastakSepa, anAkramaNa aura sahaastitva ke mArga para calanA Avazyaka hai, isameM hI sabakA hita nihita hai| AcArya samantabhadra ne bhagavAna mahAvIra ke dharmatIrtha ko sarvodaya tIrtha kahA hai; jo isaprakAra haisarvAntavat tadguNamukhyakalpam, ___ sarvAntazUnyaM ca mitho'napekSam / sarvApadAmantakaraM nirantam, sarvodayaM tIrthamidaM tavaiva / / ' ApakI vANIrUpa tIrtha sabhI ApadAoM kA anta karanevAlA hai, kisI ke dvArA khaNDita nahIM kiyA jA sakatA; isakAraNa akhaNDita hai, ananta dharmayugaloM meM mukhya-gauNa kI kalpanA se virodha se rahita hai aura sabhI kA udaya (kalyANa) karanevAlA hone se sarvodayI hai| dharma ke sarvodaya svarUpa kA tAtparya sarva jIva samabhAva, sarva dharma samabhAva aura sarva jAti samabhAva se hai| sabakA udaya hI sarvodaya hai| arthAt saba jIvoM kI unnati ke samAna avasaroM kI upalabdhi hI sarvodaya hai| dUsaroM kA burA cAhakara koI apanA bhalA nahIM kara sakatA hai| 1. yuktyanuzAsana, zloka 61 dhArmika sahiSNutA aura bhagavAna mahAvIra Aja hamane mAnava mAnava ke bIca aneka dIvAreM khaDI karalI haiN| ye dIvAreM prAkRtika na hokara hamAre hI dvArA khar3I kI gaI haiN| ye dIvAreM raMgabheda, varNa-bheda, jAti-bheda, kula-bheda, deza va prAnta-bheda Adi kI haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki Aja sAre vizva meM eka tanAva kA vAtAvaraNa hai| eka deza dUsarA deza se zaMkita hai aura eka prAnta dUsare prAnta se| yahA~ taka ki mAnava-mAnava kI hI nahIM, eka prANI dUsare prANI kI icchA aura AkAMkSAoM ko avizvAsa kI dRSTi se dekhatA hai; bhale hI ve paraspara eka dUsare se pUrNataH asaMpRkta hI kyoM na hoM, para eka dUsare ke lakSya se eka vizeSa prakAra kA tanAva lekara jI rahe haiN| tanAva se sAre vizva kA vAtAvaraNa eka ghuTana kA vAtAvaraNa bana rahA hai| ___ vAstavika dharma vaha hai, jo isa tanAva ko va ghuTana ko samApta kare yA kama kare / tanAvoM se vAtAvaraNa viSAkta banatA hai aura viSAkta vAtAvaraNa mAnasika zAnti bhaMga kara detA hai| tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kI pUrvakAlIna evaM samakAlIna paristhitiyA~ bhI saba kucha milAkara isIprakAra kI thiiN| tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke mAnasa meM AtmakalyANa ke sAtha-sAtha vizvakalyANa kI preraNA bhI thI aura isI preraNA ne unheM tIrthaMkara bnaayaa| unakA sarvodaya tIrtha Aja bhI utanA hI grAhya, tAjA aura preraNAspada hai; jitanA unake samaya meM thaa| unake tIrtha meM na saMkIrNatA thI aura na mAnavakRta siimaayeN| jIvana kI jisa dhArA ko ve mAnava ke lie pravAhita karanA cAhate the, vahI vastutaH sanAtana satya hai| dhArmika jar3atA aura Arthika apavyaya rokane ke lie mahAvIra ne kriyAkANDa aura yajJoM kA virodha kiyaa| AdamI ko AdamI ke nikaTa lAne ke lie varNavyavasthA ko karma ke AdhAra para batAyA / jIvana jIne ke lie anekAnta kI bhAvabhUmi, syAvAda kI bhASA aura aNuvrata kA AcAra-vyavahAra diyA aura mAnava vyaktitva ke carama vikAsa ke lie kahA ki Izvara tumhI ho, apane Apako pahicAnoM aura IzvarIya guNoM kA vikAsa kara Izvaratva ko paao|

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dhArmika sahiSNutA aura bhagavAna mahAvIra maiM kauna hU~? tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ne jisa sarvodaya kA praNayana kiyA, usake jisa dharma tattva ko loka ke sAmane rakhA; usameM na jAti kI sImA hai, na kSetra kI aura na kAla kI; na raMga, varNa, liMga Adi kii| dharma meM saMkIrNatA aura sImA nahIM hotii| Atmadharma sabhI AtmAoM ke lie hai| dharma ko mAtra mAnava se jor3anA bhI eka prakAra kI saMkIrNatA hai| vaha to prANImAtra kA dharma hai| 'mAnava dharma' zabda bhI pUrNa udAratA kA sUcaka nahIM hai| vaha bhI dharma ke kSetra ko mAnava samAja taka hI sImita karatA hai, jabaki dharma kA sambandha samasta prANI jagata se hai; kyoMki sabhI prANI sukha aura zAnti se rahanA cAhate haiN| dharma kA sarvodaya svarUpa tabataka prApta nahIM ho sakatA, jabataka ki Agraha samApta nahIM ho jAtA; kyoMki Agraha vigraha paidA karatA hai, prANI ko asahiSNu banA detA hai| dhArmika asahiSNatA se bhI vizva meM bahata kalaha va raktapAta haA hai, itihAsa isakA sAkSI hai| jaba-jaba dhArmika Agraha sahiSNutA kI sImA ko lAMgha jAtA hai; taba-taba vaha apane pracAra va prasAra ke liye hiMsA kA Azraya lene lagatA hai| dharma kA yaha durbhAgya hI kahA jAyegA ki usake nAma para raktapAta hue aura vaha bhI ukta raktapAta ke kAraNa vizva meM ghRNA kI dRSTi se dekhA jAne lgaa| isaprakAra jisa dharma tattva ke pracAra ke lie hiMsA apanAI gaI, vahI hiMsA usake hrAsa kA kAraNa bnii| kisI kA mana talavAra kI dhAra se nahIM palaTA jA sktaa| ajJAna jJAna se kaTatA hai, use hamane talavAra se kATane kA yatna kiyaa| vizva meM nAstikatA ke pracAra meM isakA bahuta bar3A hAtha hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne ukta tathya ko bhalIprakAra samajhA thaa| ataH unhoMne sAdhya kI pavitratA ke sAtha-sAtha sAdhana kI pavitratA para bhI pUrA-pUrA jora diyA evaM vicAra ko anekAntAtmaka, bhASA ko syAdvAdarUpa, AcAra ko ahiMsAtmaka evaM jIvana ko aparigrahI banAne kA upadeza diyaa| anekAntAtmaka vicAra, syAdvAdarUpa vANI, ahiMsAtmaka AcAra evaM aparigrahI yA sImita parigrahI jIvana - ye cAra mahAna siddhAnta tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kI dhArmika sahiSNutA ke prabala pramANa haiN|