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________________ glA jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda ( jainatIrthaMkaroMke zAsanabhedasahita ) lekhaka jugalakizora mukhtAra /
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________________ vIra sevA mandira dillI HE krama saMkhyA ---- -- -- -- -- .. kAla na. khAda
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________________ HD======== = ___ aham " jainAcAyA~kA zAsanabheda __ (jainatIrthaMkaroMke zAsanabhedasahita) .. lekhaka . jugalakizora mukhtAra sarasAvA ji sahAranapara 0: 00:DOOOOOOOOOOO:9: [graMthaparIkSA, jinapUjAdhikAramImAMsA, upAsanAtattva, vivAhasamuddezya, vivAhakSetraprakAza, vIrapuSpAMjali, svAmI samantabhadra ( itihAsa ) Adi aneka granthoMke racayitA, tathA jainahitaiSI Adi patroMke bhUtapUrva smpaadk|] CHPOOOOOOOD prakAzaka chaganamala bAkalIvAla mAlika-jaina-grantha-ratnAkara kAryAlaya hIrAbAga, po0 giragAMva-bambaI / Azvina, vi0 saMvat 1985 prathama saMskaraNa] [mUlya pA~ca Ane 0:0D0D0D00: OX
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________________ prakAzaka chaganamala bAkalIvAla mAlika-jaina-grantha-ratnAkara kAryAlaya hIrAbAga, po0 girgaaNv-bmbii| mudrakamaMgeza nArAyaNa kulakarNI karnATaka presa 318 e, ThAkuradvAra, bambaI 2.
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________________ prakAzakake do zabda jaina samAjake suprasiddha vidvAn paM0 jugala kizorajI mukhtArakI lekhanI se prakaTa huA yaha prantha jaina sAhityameM eka bilakula hI naI cIz2a hai - mukhtAra sAhaba ke gahare anusaMdhAna, vicAra tathA parizramakA phala hai| isameM bar3I khojake sAtha jainAcAryoM ke pArasparika zAsanabhedako dikhalAte hue, zrAvakoM ke aSTa mUlaguNoM, paMca aNuvratoM, tIna guNavatoM, cAra zikSAvratoM aura rAtribhojanatyAga nAmaka vratapara acchA prakAza DAlA gayA hai / sAtha hI, jainatIrthakaroM ke zAsanabhedakA bhI, usake kAraNa sahita, kitanAhI sapramANa digdarzana karAyA gayA hai aura usameM mUlottara guNoMkI vyavasthAko bhI kholA gayA hai / yaha grantha jainazAsanake marma, rahasya athavA usakI vastusthiti ko samajhane ke lie bar3A hI upayogI hai aura eka prakAra se jinavANI ke rahasyodghATanakI kuMjI prastuta karatA hai / isase vivekajAgRti ke sAtha sAtha, bahutoM kA jinavANI-viSayaka bhrama dUra hogA - galataphahamI miTegI -- vicAra dhArA palaTegI, kadAgraha naSTa hogA aura unheM jainazAstroM kI prakRtikA saccA bodha ho sakegA; aura taba ve unase ThIka lAbha bhI uThA sakeMge / grantha vidvAnoM ke par3hane tathA vicAra karane yogya hai / pratyeka jainIko ise jarUra par3hanA cAhiye aura samAjameM isakA pracAra karanA cAhiye / mukhtArajIkA vicAra dUsare bhI kitane hI viSayoM para jainAcAryoMke zAsanabhedako dikhalAnekA hai| usake likhe jAnepara pranthakA dUsarA bhAga prakaTa kiyA jAyagA / - prakAzaka
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________________ viSaya-sUcI viSaya 1 prakAzakake do zabda .... 2 prAstAvika nivedana 3 aSTa mUlaguNa 4 aNuvrata aura rAtribhojanavirati 5 guNavrata aura zikSAbata.... ..... 6 pariziSTa (ka) jainatIrthakaroMkA zAsanabheda (digambaragranthoMparase) 65 (kha) (zvetAmbara granthoMparase ) 76 7 zuddhipatra .... .... .... 80 . . .
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________________ arham jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda ---00:0 prAstAvika nivedana kacha samaya huA jaba maiMne 'jainatIrthaMkaroMkA zAsanabheda' nAmakA eka lekha likhA thA, jo agasta san 1916 ke jainahitaiSImeM prakAzita huA hai * ! isa lekhameM zrIvaTTakerAcAryapraNIta 'mUlAcAra' graMthake AdhArapara yaha pradarzita aura siddha kiyA gayA thA ki samasta jaina tIrthakaroMkA zAsana eka hI prakArakA nahIM rahA hai| balki samayakI AvazyakatAnusAra-lokasthitiko dekhate hue usameM kucha na kucha parivartana z2arUra hotA rahA hai| aura isa liye jina logoMkA aisA khayAla hai ki jaina tIrthakaroMke upadezameM raMcamAtra bhI bheda yA parivartana nahIM hotA--jo vacanavargaNA eka tIrthakarake mukhase viratI hai vahI, a~cI tulI, dUsare tIrthakarake mu~hase nikalatI hai, usameM z2arA bhI pheraphAra nahIM hotA-vaha khayAla nirmUla jAna par3atA hai| sAtha hI, mUlaguNa-uttaraguNoMkI prarUpaNAke kucha rahasyakA digdarzana karAte hue, yaha bhI batalAyA thA ki sarva samayoMke mUla-guNa kabhI eka prakA * yaha lekha kucha parivartana aura parivardhanake sAtha, antameM bataura pariziSTake de diyA gayA hai|
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________________ jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda rake nahIM ho skte| kisI samayake ziSya saMkSepapriya hote haiM aura kisI samayake vistArarucivAle / kabhI logoMmeM RjujaDatAkA adhika saMcAra hotA hai, kabhI vakrajaDatAkA aura kabhI ina donoMse atIta avasthA hotI hai| kisI samayake manuSya sthiracitta, dRDhabuddhi aura balavAn hote haiM aura kisI samayake calacitta, vismaraNazIla aura nirbala / kabhI lokameM mUDhatA bar3hatI hai aura kabhI usakA hAsa hotA hai| isa liye jisa samaya jaisI jaisI prakRti aura yogyatAke ziSyoMkIupadezapAtroMkI-bahulatA hotI hai, usa samaya usa vaktakI janatAko lakSya karake tIrthaMkaroMkA usake upayogI vaisA hI upadeza tathA vaisA hI vrataniyamAdikakA vidhAna hotA hai| usIke anusAra mUlaguNoMmeM bhI heraphera huA karatA hai| Aja maiM antima tIrthaMkara zrImahAvIrasvAmIke pazcAt honevAle jainAcAryoMke paraspara zAsanabhedako dikhalAnA cAhatA huuN| yaha parasparakA zAsanabheda digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM hI saMpradAyoMmeM pAyA jAtA hai| ataH, isa lekhameM, digambarAcAryoMke zAsana-bhedako prakaTa karate hue zvetAmbarAcAryoMke zAsanabhedako bhI yathAzakti dikhalAnekI ceSTA kI jAyagI / isa zAsana-bhedako pradarzita karanemeM merA abhiprAya kevala itanA hI hai ki jainiyoMko vastu-sthitikA yathArtha parijJAna ho jAya, ve apane vartamAna AgamakI vAstavika sthiti aura usake yathArtha svarUpako bhale prakAra samajhane lageM aura isa tarahase prabuddha hokara apanA vAstavika hitasAdhana karanemeM samartha ho skeN| sAtha hI, bheda-viSayoM ke sAmane Anepara vidvAnoMdvArA unake kAraNoMkA gaharA anusaMdhAna ho sake aura phira isa anusaMdhAna-dvArA tattatkAlIna sAmAjika
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________________ prAstAvika nivedana 3 tathA daizika paristhitiyoMkA bahuta kucha patA calakara aitihAsika kSetrapara eka acchA prakAza par3a ske| hamAre jainI bhAI, Amataura para, abhItaka yaha samajhe hue haiM ki hindU dharma ke AcAryoM meM hI paraspara matabheda thA / isase unake zruti smRti Adi graMtha vibhinna pAye jAte haiM / jainAcArya isa matabhedase rahita the / unhoMne jo kucha kahA hai vaha saba sarvajJodita athavA mahAvIra bhagavAnakI divyadhvani- dvArA upadezita hI kahA hai / aura isa liye, una sabakA eka hI zAsana aura eka hI mata thA / parantu yaha saba samajhanA unakI bhUla hai / jainAcAryoM meM bhI barAbara mata-bheda hotA AyA hai / yaha dUsarI bAta hai ki usakI mAtrA, apekSAkRta, kucha kama rahI ho, parantu matabheda rahA z2arUra hai / mata-bhedakA honA sarvathA hI koI burI bAta bhI nahIM hai, jise ghRNA kI dRSTise dekhA jaay| saduddezya aura sadAzayako liye hue mata-bheda bahuta hI unnati - janaka hotA hai aura use dharma tathA samAjakI jIvanIzakti aura pragatizIlatAkA dyotaka samajhanA cAhiye / jaba, thor3e hI kAla x bAda mahAvIra bhagavAnako zrIpArzvanAtha tIrthakarake zAsana se apane zAsana meM, samayAnusAra, kucha vibhinnatAe~ karanI par3IM- jaisA ki 'mUlAcAra' Adi graMthoMse prakaTa hai-- taba do DhAI hajAra varSake isa lambe caur3e samaya ke bhItara, dezakAlakI AvazyakatAoM Adi ke anusAra, yadi jainAcAryoM ke zAsanameM paraspara kucha bheda hogayA hai -- vIra bhagavAna ke zAsana se bhI unake zAsana meM kucha vibhinnatA AgaI hai - to isameM kucha bhI Azcarya kI bAta athavA aprAkRtikatA nahIM haiM / jainAcArya deza - kAlakI paristhitiyoM ke --- - MAA x koI 220 varSake bAda hI; kyoMki pArzvanAthake nirvANase mahAvIra ke tIrthakA prAraMbha prAyaH itane hI varSoMke bAda kahA jAtA hai /
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________________ jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda zAsana se bAhara nahIM ho sakate * / inhIM saba bAtoMpara prakAza DAlane ke liye yaha jainAcAryoM ke zAsana-bhedako pradarzita karanekA prayatna kiyA jAtA hai| yahA~para maiM itanA aura bhI prakaTa kara denA jarUrI samajhatA hU~ ki jaina tIrthaMkaroM ke vibhinna zAsanameM paraspara uddezyabheda nahIM hotA / samasta jainatIrthaMkaroMkA vahI mukhyatayA eka uddezya 'AtmA se karmamalako dUra karake use zuddha, sukhI, nirdoSa aura svAdhIna banAnA ' hotA hai / dUsare zabdoMmeM yoM kaha sakate haiM ki saMsArI jIvoMko saMsAra- roga dUra karaneke mArgapara lagAnA hI jainatIrthaMkaroM ke jIvanakA pradhAna uddezya hotA haiM / eka rogako dUra karaneke liye jisa prakAra aneka oSadhiyA~ hotI haiM aura ve aneka prakAra se vyavahArameM lAI jAtI haiM; rogazAnti ke liye unameM se jisa vakta jisa jisa oSadhiko jisa jisa vidhise dene kI jarUrata hotI hai vaha usa vakta usI vidhi dI jAtI hai - isameM na kucha virodha hotA hai aura na kucha bAdhA hI AtI haiM, usI prakAra saMsAraroga yA karmarogako dUra karaneke bhI aneka sAdhana aura upAya hote haiM aura jinakA aneka prakArase prayoga kiyA jAtA hai; unameM se tIrthakara deva apanI apanI samayakI sthiti ke anusAra jisa jisa upAyakA jisa jisa rIti se prayoga karanA ucita samajhate haiM usakA usI rIti se prayoga karate haiN| unake isa prayoga meM kisI prakArakA virodha yA bAdhA upasthita hone kI saMbhAvanA nahIM ho sakatI / parantu * indranandine apane 'nItisAra ' graMtha meM, yaha prakaTa karate hue ki paMcama kAlameM mahAvIra bhagavAnakA zAsana isa bharatakSetrameM nAnAsaMghoMse Akula ( pIDita ) ho gayA haiM, kheda ke sAtha likhA hai ' vicitrAH kAlazaktayaH kAlakI zaktiyA~ bar3I hI vicitra haiM / unakA zAsana sabhIpara hotA hai; koI usase baca nahIM sakatA ! :
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________________ prAstAvika nivedana jainAcAryoMke sambandhameM-unake vibhinna zAsanake viSayameM-aisA koI niyama nahIM ho sakatA; vaha paraspara viruddha, bAdhita aura uddezya-bhedako liye hue bhI ho sakatA hai| kyoMki jainAcArya, tIrthaMkaroM athavA itara kevalajJAniyoMke samAna, jJAnAdikakI carama sImAko pahu~ce hue nahIM hote / unakA jJAna parimita, parAdhIna aura parivartanazIla hotA hai / ajJAna aura kaSAyakA bhI unake udaya pAyA jAtA hai / ve rAga-dveSase sarvathA rahita nahIM hote| sAtha hI, unheM Agama-jJAnakI jo kucha prApti hotI hai vaha saba guruparamparAse hotI hai| guruparamparAmeM kevaliyoMke pazcAt jitane bhI AcArya hue haiM ve saba kSAyopazamika jJAnake dhAraka hue haiM -----sabokA buddhivaibhava samAna nahIM thA, unake jJAnameM bahuta kucha taratamatA pAI jAtI thI--isa liye ve sabhI AgamajJAnako apane apane mativibhavAnurUpa hI grahaNa karate Ae haiM / dhAraNAzakti aura smRtijJAna bhI savoMkA barAbara nahIM thA, balki usameM uttarottara kamIkA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai, isalie unhoMne svakIya guruoMse jo kucha AgamajJAna prApta kiyA use jyoMkA tyoM hI apane ziSyAdikoMke prati pratipAdana kara diyA, aisA koI niyama nahIM ho sktaa| yaha bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki, jo upadeza aneka ajJAnavAsita aura kapAyAnuraMjita hRdayoMmeMse hokara pratikUla paristhitiyoMkI kar3I dhUpameM bAhara AtA hai vaha jyoMkA tyoM hI banA rahatA hai, usameM bhinna prakArake gaMdha-varNake saMsargakI saMbhAvanA hI nahIM ho sakatI, athavA vaha bAhya paristhitiyoMke tApase uttapta hI nahIM hotaa| aisI hAlata hote hue AcAryoMke zAsanameM---unake vartamAna graMthoMmeM yadi kahIM paraspara virodha, bAdhA aura asamIcInatAkA bhI darzana hotA hai to isameM kucha bhI AzcaryakI bAta nahIM hai /
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________________ jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda __ AzcaryakI bAta to taba hogI yadi koI vidvAn isa bAtake kahanekA sAhasa kare ki saMpUrNa jainAcAryoMne-jinameM bhaTTAraka loga bhI zAmila haiM--jo kucha bhI, viruddhAviruddharUpase, kathana kiyA hai vaha saba mahAvIra bhagavAnke dvArA hI pratipAdita huA hai| vAstavameM mahAvIra bhagavAnke dvArA ina saba vibhinna matoMkA pratipAdana honA nahIM bntaa| saMbhava hai ki unhoMne inameMse kisI eka matakA pratipAdana kiyA ho, athavA yaha bhI saMbhava hai ki unheM ina vibhinna matoM se kisI bhI matake pratipAdana karanekI jarUrata hI paidA na huI ho, aura ye saba vibhinna kalpanAe~ AcAryoMke mastiSkoMse hI utpanna huI hoM / kucha bhI ho, AcAryoMke mastakoMse dezakAlAnusAra navIna kalpanAoMkA utpanna honA bhI koI burI bAta nahIM hai, yadi ve kalpanAe~ jainadharmake mUla siddhAntoMke viruddha na hoN| aisI kalpanAe~ kabhI kabhI bahuta hI kAryasAdhaka aura upayogI siddha hotI haiN| parantu dekhanA yaha hai ki aisI vibhinna kalpanAoM athavA vibhinna zAsanoMkI hAlatameM hamArA kyA kartavya hai / hamArA kartavya hai ki hama sAmpradAyika moha, vyaktigata moha tathA pakSapAtako chor3akara apanI buddhise unakI jA~ca kareM aura jA~ca karanepara unase jo kalpanA tathA mata hameM yukti-pramANase siddha, jainasiddhAntoMke aviruddha aura sAtha hI samayAnusAra upayogI pratIta ho usako grahaNa kareM, zeSakA sAdara parityAga kiyA jAya / yadi hamArI sadasadvivekavatI buddhimeM, dezakAlakI vartamAna sthitiyoMke anusAra, kisI aisI kalpanA tathA matameM kucha aviruddha parivartana karanekI jarUrata ho to use ukta parivartanake sAtha svIkAra kreN| aura yadi ekase adhika mata tathA kalpanAe~ hameM yuktiyukta, aviruddha aura upayogI pratIta hoM to unameMse cAhe jisako grahaNa kareM aura cAhe jisapara AcaraNa kreN| parantu
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________________ aSTa mUlaguNa ina sabhI avasthAoMmeM parityakta, aparivartita aura anAcarita mata tathA kalpanAke dhArakoMke sAtha hameM kisI prakArakA dveSa rakhane yA unheM ghRNAkI dRSTi se dekhane kI jarUrata nahIM hai / bana sake to unheM premapUrvaka samajhAnA aura yathArtha vastusthitikA jJAna karAnA cAhiye / vyarthake sAmpradAyika moha, vyaktigata moha aura pakSapAtake varAbhUta hokara vAdavivAda ke jhaMDe khar3e karanA, ApasameM baira-virodha bar3hAnA, eka dUsareko ghRNAkI dRSTise dekhanA aura isa tarahapara apanI sAmAjika tathA Atmika zaktiko nirbala banAkara unnatimeM bAdhaka honA aura sAtha hI aneka vipattiyoMko janma denekA kAraNa bananA kadApi ThIka nahIM hai / aise hI sadAzayoM ko lekara yaha jainAcAryoM ke zAsana-bhedako dikhalAnekA yatna kiyA jAtA hai | aSTa mUlaguNa nadharmameM jisa prakAra muniyoMke liye mUlaguNoM aura uttaraguNoM kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai usI tarahapara zrAvakoM - jainagRhasthoMke liye bhI mUlottara guNoM kA vidhAna pAyA jAtA hai / mUlaguNoMse abhiprAya una vrataniyamAdikase hai jinakA anuSThAna sabase pahale kiyA jAtA hai aura jinake anuSThAna para hI uttaraguNoMkA athavA dUsare vrataniyamAdikakA anuSThAna avalambita hotA hai / dUsare zabdoM meM yoM kahanA cAhiye ki jisaprakAra mUlake hote hI vRkSake zAkhA, patra, puSpa aura phalAdikakA udbhava ho sakatA hai usI prakAra mUlaguNoMkA AcaraNa hote hI uttara guNoM kA AcaraNa yatheSTa bana sakatA hai / zrAvakoM ke liye ve mUlaguNa
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________________ jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda ATha rakkhe gaye haiM / paraMtu ina ATha mUlaguNoMke pratipAdana karanemeM AcAyAke paraspara mata-bheda hai| usI mata-bhedako yahA~para, sabase pahale, dikhalAyA jAtA hai: (1) zrIsamantabhadrAcArya, apane -- ratnakaraMDazrAvakAcAra 'meM, ina guNoMkA pratipAdana isa prakArase karate haiM madyamAMsamadhutyAgaiH sahANuvratapaMcakam / aSTau mUlaguNAnAhuhiNAM zramaNottamAH // arthAt-madya, mAMsa aura madhuke tyAgasahita / paMca aNuvratoMke pAlanako, zramaNAttama, gRhasthoM ke aSTa mUlagUNa kahate haiN| paMca aNuvratoMse abhiprAya sthUla hiMsA, jhUTa, corI, kuzIla aura parigraha nAmake paMca pApoMse virakta honekA hai| ina vratoMke kathanake anantara hI AcAryamahodayane ukta padya diyA hai| (2) 'AdipurANa' ke praNetA zrIjinasenAcArya samantabhadrake isa uparyukta kathanameM kucha parivartana karate haiM / arthAt , ve 'madhu-tyAga' ko mUlaguNomeM na mAnakara usake sthAnameM 'ghRta-tyAga' ko eka judA mUlaguNa batalAte haiM aura zeSa guNoMkA, samantabhadrake samAna hI, jyoMkA tyoM pratipAdana karate haiN| yathAHhiMsA'satyasteyAdabrahmaparigrahAca vAdarabhedAt / dyUtAnmAMsAnmadyAdviratigRhiNo'STa santyamI mUlaguNAH // nahIM mAlUma jinasenAcAryane ' madhutyAga' ko mUlaguNoMse nikAla kara usake sthAnameM ' dyUtatyAga' ko kyoM praviSTa kiyA hai / saMbhava hai ki dakSiNa dezakI, jahA~ AcArya mahArAjakA nivAsa thA, usa samaya
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________________ aSTa mUlaguNa aisI hI paristhiti ho jisake kAraNa unheM aisA karaneke liye bAdhya honA par3A ho-vahA~ dyUtakA adhika pracAra ho aura usase janatAkI hAni dekhakara hI aisA niyama banAnekI jarUrata par3I ho-athavA sAtoM vyasanoMkA mUlaguNoMmeM samAveza kara denekI icchAse hI yaha parivartana svIkAra kiyA gayA ho| aura 'madhuvirati' ko isa vajahase nikAlanA par3A ho ki usake rakhanese phira mUlaguNoMkI prasiddha ' aSTa' saMkhyAmeM bAdhA AtI thii| athavA usake nikAlanekI koI dUsarI hI vajaha ho| kucha bhI ho, dUsare kisI bhI pradhAnAcAryane, jisane aSTa mUlaguNoMkA pratipAdana kiyA hai, 'madhuvirati' ko mUlaguNa mAnanese inakAra nahIM kiyA aura na 'yUtavirati' ko mUlaguNoMmeM zAmila kiyA hai| (3) ' yazastilaka' ke kartA zrIsomadevasUri madya, mAMsa aura madhuke tyAgarUpa samantabhadrake tIna mUlaguNoMko to svIkAra karate haiM paraMtu paMcANuvratoMko mUlaguNa nahIM mAnate, unake sthAnameM paMca udumbara phaloMke--plakSa, nyagrodha, pippalAdike--tyAgakA vidhAna karate haiM aura likhate haiM ki AgamameM gRhasthoMke ye ATha mUlaguNa kahe haiM / yathAH madyamAMsamadhutyAgAH shodumbrpNckaiH| pAnA aSTAvete gRhasthAnAmuktA mUlaguNAH zrute // 'bhAvasaMgraha ' ke kartA devasena AcArya bhI isI matake nirUpaka haiN| yathAH mahumajjamaMsaviraI cAo puNa uMbarANa paMcaNhaM / ahede mUlaguNA havaMti phuDa desavirayammi // 356 //
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________________ jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda __ 'paMcAdhyAyI' ke kartA * mahodayakA bhI yahI mata hai| aura ve yahA~ taka likhate haiM ki ina ATha mUlaguNoMke binA koI nAmakA bhI zrAvaka nahIM hotA / yathAH madyamAMsamadhutyAgI tyaktodumbarapaMcakaH / nAmataH zrAvakaH khyAto nAnyathApi tathA gRhii|| u0-726|| puruSArthasiddhayupAyake nirmAtA zrIamRtacaMdrasUri bhI isI matake poSaka haiM / yadyapi unhoMne, apane graMthameM, ahiMsA vratakA varNana karate hue inakA vidhAna kiyA hai aura inheM spaSTarUpase 'mUlaguNa' aisI saMjJA nahIM dI hai, to bhI 'hiMsAke tyAgakI icchA rakhanevAloMko pahale hI ina madyamAMsAdikako chor3anA cAhie,' ' ina ATha pApake ThikAnoMko tyAga kara hI zuddhabuddhijana jinadharmakI dezanAke pAtra hote haiM;' ina vacanoMse aSTa mUlaguNakA hI sAfa Azaya pAyA jAtA hai / yathAH madyaM mAMsaM kSaudraM paMcodumbaraphalAni yatnena / hiMsAvyuparatakAmairmoktavyAni prathamameva // 61 // aSTAvaniSTadustaraduritAyatanAnyamUni parivartya / jinadharmadezanAyA bhavaMti pAtrANi zuddhadhiyaH // 74 // uparyukta cAroM graMthoMke avataraNoMse yaha bilakula spaSTa hai ki inake kartA AcAryone 'paMca aNuvratoM' ke sthAnameM 'paMca udumbara phaloMke tyAga' kA vidhAna kiyA hai aura isalie ina AcAryoMkA zAsana samantabhadra aura jinasena donoM ke zAsanase ekadama vibhinna jAna par3atA * 'paMcAdhyAyI' ke kartA kavirAjamalla hue haiM, jinakA banAyA huA 'lATIsaMhitA' nAmakA eka zrAvakAcAra graMtha bhI hai| usameM bhI Apane apanA yaha mata isI zlokameM diyA hai|
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________________ aSTa mUlaguNa 11. hai| kahA~ paMcANuvrata aura kahA~ paMcodumbara phaloMkA tyAga ! donoMmeM jamIna bhAsamAnakAsA antara pAyA jAtA hai| vastutaH vicAra kiyA jAya to paMca udumbara phaloMkA tyAga mAMsake tyAgameM hI A jAtA hai; kyoMki ina phaloMmeM calate phirate trasajIvoMkA samUha sAkSAt bhI dikhalAI detA hai, inake bhakSaNase mAMsabhakSaNakA spaSTa doSa lagatA hai, isIse inake bhakSaNakA niSedha kiyA jAtA hai| aura isaliye jo mAMsabhakSaNake tyAgI haiM ve prAya: kabhI inakA sevana nahIM kara sakate / aisI hAlatameM-mAMsatyAga nAmakA eka mUlaguNa hote hue bhI-paMca udumbara phaloMke tyAgako, jinameM paraspara aisA koI vizeSa bheda nahIM hai, pA~ca alaga alaga mUlaguNa karAra denA aura sAtha hI paMcANuvratoMko mUlaguNoMse nikAla DAlanA eka bar3I hI vilakSaNa bAtamAlUma hotI hai / isa prakArakA parivartana koI sAdhAraNa parivartana nahIM hotaa| yaha parivartana kucha vizeSa artha rakhatA hai| isake dvArA mUlaguNoMkA viSaya bahuta hI halakA kiyA gayA hai aura isa tarahapara unheM adhika vyApaka banAkara unake kSetrakI sImAko bar3hAyA gayA hai / bAta asilameM yaha mAlUma hotI hai ki mUla aura uttara guNoMkA vidhAna vratiyoMke vAste thaa| ahiMsAdika paMcavratoMkA jo sarvadeza ( pUrNatayA ) pAlana karate haiM ve mahAvratI, muni athavA yati Adika kahalAte haiM aura jo unakA ekadeza (sthUla rUpase ) pAlana karate haiM unheM dezavatI, zrAvaka athavA dezayati kahA jAtA hai / ___ jaba mahAvratiyoMke 28 mUlaguNoMmeM ahiMsAdika paMca mahAvratoMkA varNana kiyA gayA hai taba dezavatiyoMke mUlaguNoM meM paMcANuvratoMkA vidhAna honA svAbhAvika hI hai aura isalie samantabhadrane paMca aNuvratoMko lie hue zrAvakoMke aSTa mUlaguNoMkA jo pratipAdana kiyA hai vaha yuktiyukta hI pratIta hotA hai| paraMtu bAdameM aisA jAna par3atA hai ki jaina gRhasthoMko parasparake
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________________ vernAnamnaran. 12 jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda isa vyavahArameM ki 'Apa zrAvaka haiM,' aura 'Apa zrAvaka nahIM haiM' kucha bhArI asamaMjasatA pratIta huI hai| aura isa asamaMjasatAko dUra karaneke lie athavA dezakAlakI paristhitiyoMke anusAra sabhI jainiyoMko eka zrAvakIya jhaMDeke tale lAne Adike liye jainacAryoMko isa bAtakI jarUrata par3I hai ki mUlaguNoMmeM kucha pheraphAra kiyA jAya aura aise mUlaguNa sthira kiye jAyeM jo vratiyoM aura avatiyoM donoMke liye sAdhAraNa hoN| ve mUlaguNa madya, mAMsa aura madhuke tyAgarUpa tIna ho sakate the, paraMtu cUMki pahalese mUlaguNoMkI saMkhyA ATha rUr3ha thI, isa liye usa saMkhyAko jyoMkA tyoM kAyama rakhaneke liye ukta tIna mUlaguNoMmeM paMcodumbara phaloMke tyAgakI yojanA kI gaI hai aura isa taraha para ina sarvasAdhAraNa mUlaguNoMkI sRSTi huI jAna par3atI hai| ye mUlaguNa vratiyoM aura avatiyoM donoMke liye sAdhAraNa haiM, isakA spaSTIkaraNa paMcAdhyAyIke nimna padyase bhale prakAra ho jAtA hai:--- * tatra mUlaguNAthASTau gRhiNAM vratadhAriNAM / kacidavatinAM yasmAt sarvasAdhAraNA ime // u0-723 // paraMtu yaha bAta dhyAna rakhanI cAhiye ki samantabhadra-dvArA pratipAdita mUlaguNoMkA vyavahAra avatiyoMke liye nahIM ho sakatA, ve vratiyoMko hI lakSya karake likhe gaye haiM, yahI donoMmeM paraspara bheda hai| astu; isa prakAra sarvasAdhAraNa mUlaguNoMkI sRSTi honepara, yadyapi, ina guNoMke dhAraka avatI bhI zrAvakoM tathA dezavratiyoMmeM parigaNita hote haiM-somadevane, yazastilakameM, unheM sApha taurase 'dezayati' likhA hai-to bhI vAstavameM unheM nAmake hI zrAvaka (nAmataH zrAvakaH) athavA * yaha padya 'lATIsaMhitA meM bhI pAyA jAtA hai|
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________________ aSTa mUlaguNa 13. dezayati samajhanA cAhiye, jaisA ki Upara uddhRta kiye hue paMcAdhyAyIke padya naM0 726 se prakaTa hai| asila zrAvaka to ve hI haiM jo paMca aNuvratoMkA pAlana karate haiN| aura isa saba kathanakI puSTi zivakoTiAcAryake nimna vAkyase bhI hotI hai, jisameM paMca-aNuvratoMke pAlanasahita madya, mAMsa, aura madhuke tyAgako 'aSTamUlaguNa' likhA hai aura sAthahI yaha batalAyA hai ki paMca udambaravAle jo aSTa mUlaguNa haiM ve arbhakoM-bAlakoM, mUryo, choToM athavA kamajoroM ke liye haiN| aura isase unakA sAfa tathA khAsa sambandha avratiyoMse jAna par3atA hai yathAH madyamAMsamadhutyAgasaMyuktANuvratAni nuH|| aSTau mUlaguNAH paMcodumbaraizcArbhakeSvapi // 19 // -ratnamAlA / (4) ' upAsakAcAra 'ke kartA zrIamitagati AcArya soma devAdi AcAryoMke uparyukta mUlaguNoMmeM kucha vRddhi karate haiM / arthAt, ve 'rAtribhojana-tyAga' nAmake eka mUlaguNakA, sAthameM, aura vidhAna karate haiM / yathA:--- madyamAMsamadhurAtribhojana-kSIravRkSaphalavarjanaM tridhA / kurvate vratajighRkSayA budhAstanna puSyati niSevite vrataM // 5-1 // ___ amitagatike isa kathanase mUlaguNa AThake sthAnameM nau ho jAte haiN| aura yadi 'kSIravRkSaphalavarjana'ko, eka hI mUlaguNa mAnA jAya to mUlaguNoMkI saMkhyA phira pA~ca hI raha jAtI hai| zAyada isI khayAlase AcArya mahArAjane apane graMthameM mUlaguNoMkI koI saMkhyA nirdiSTa nahIM kii| sirpha antameM itanA hI likha diyA hai ki 'AdAvate sphuTamiha guNA
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________________ jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda .... nirmalA dhaarnniiyaaH|' arthAt sabase pahale ye nirmala guNa dhAraNa karane caahiyeN| isa 'rAtribhojana-tyAga ke viSayameM AcAryoMkA bahuta kucha mata-bheda hai, jisakA kucha digdarzana Ageke pRSThoMmeM karAyA jAyagA aura isa liye yahA~para usako chor3A jAtA hai| yahA~ sirpha itanA hI samajhanA cAhiye ki ina AcArya mahAzayakA zAsana isa viSayameM, dUsare AcAryoMke zAsanase bhinna hai / (5) paM0 AzAdharajIne, apane ' sAgAradharmAmRta' meM, yadyapi unhIM aSTa mUlaguNoMkA 'svamata' rUpase ullekha kiyA hai jinakA somadeva AcAryane pratipAdana kiyA hai, aura sAtha hI samantabhadra tathA jinasenAcAryoMke matoMko 'paramata' rUpase sUcita kiyA hai, to bhI unakA isa viSayameM koI nizcita ekamata mAlUma nahIM hotA / unhoMne prAyaH sabhIko apanAyA aura sabhIpara apanA hAtha rakkhA hai / ve uparyukta ( svamatarUpase pratipAdita) mUlaguNoMke nAma aura unakI saMkhyAkA nirdeza karate hue bhI TIkAmeM likhate haiM ki 'ca' zabdase navanIta, rAtribhojana, agAlita jala AdikA bhI tyAga karanA cAhiye aura isase ukta ' aSTa' kI saMkhyAmeM bAdhA AtI hai, isakI kucha parvAha nahIM krte| parantu kucha bhI sahI, paM0 AzAdharajIne, apane ukta graMthameM, kisI zAstrake AdhArapara, jisakA nAma nahIM diyA, eka dUsare prakArake mUlaguNoMkA bhI ullekha kiyA hai jinheM maiM yahA~para uddhRta karatA hU~:madyapalamadhunizAsanapaMcaphalIviratipaMcakAsanutI / / jIvadayAjalagAnamiti ca kacidaSTamUlaguNAH // 2-18 // mAlUma nahIM mUla guNoMkA yaha kathana kaunase AcAryake matAnusAra likhA gayA hai aura unakA athavA unake graMthakA nAma, samaMtabhadAdike
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________________ aSTa mUlaguNa nAmake sadRza, kyoM sUcita nahIM kiyA gayA / paraMtu ise chor3iye, Uparake isa padyadvArA jina mUlaguNoMkA ullekha kiyA gayA hai unameMse zurUke pA~ca mUlaguNa to vahI haiM jo Upara 'amitagati' AcAryake kathanameM dikhalAye gaye haiM / hA~, unameM itanI bAta noTa kiye jAnekI jarUra hai ki yahA~para paMca udumbaraphaloMke samudAyako spaSTarUpase 'paMcaphalI' zabda-dvArA eka mUlaguNa mAnA gayA hai aura isaliye isase mere usa kathanakI ki ina pA~coM udumbaraphaloMmeM paraspara aisA koI vizeSa bheda nahIM hai ki jisase inake tyAgako alaga alaga mUlaguNa karAra diyA jAya, bahuta kucha puSTi hotI hai| bAkI rahe tIna guNa Aptanuti, jIvadayA aura jalagAlana, ye tInoM yahA~ vizeSa rUpase varNana kiye gaye haiN| inameM Aptanutise abhiprAya paramAtmAkI stuti athavA devavaMdanAkA hai| paraMtu -- jIvadayA' zabdase kaunasA kriyAvizeSa abhimata hai yaha kucha samajhameM nahIM AyA; vaise to mUlaguNoMkA yaha sArA hI kathana prAyaH jIvadayAkI pradhAnatAko liye hue hai, phira 'jIvadayA' nAmakA alaga mUlaguNa rakhanese kaunase AcaraNavizeSakA prahaNa kiyA jAya, yaha bAta abhI jAnane yogya hai / saMbhava hai ki isase ahiMsANuvratakA, abhiprAya ho / paraMtu kucha bhI ho, itanA jarUra kahanA par3egA ki yaha mata dUsare AcAryoMke matoMse vibhinna hai / paM0 AzAdharajIne bhI, isa matakA ullekha karate hue, eka pratijJAvAkya-dvArA ise dUsare AcAryoMke matoMse vibhinna batalAyA hai| vaha vAkya isa prakAra haiM " atha pratipAdyAnurodhAddharmAcAryANAM sUtrAvirodhena dezanAnAnAtvopalaMbhAdbhagyantareNASTamUlaguNAnuddeSTamAha / "
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________________ jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda isa vAkyase yaha bhI spaSTa hai ki pratipAdyoMke anurodhase-arthAt, jisa samaya jaise jaise ziSyoM athavA upadezapAtroMkI bahulatA hotI hai usa samaya unakI AvazyakatAoM aura paristhitiyoMko lakSya karakedharmAcAryoMkA upadeza-unakA zAsana-bhinna huA karatA hai| aura, isa liye, isase mere usa kathanakA bahuta kucha samarthana hotA hai jise maiMne isa lekhake zurUmeM prakaTa kiyA hai| sAtha hI, ukta vAkyase yaha bhI dhvanitaM hotA hai ki dharmAcAryokI vaha bhinna dezanA sUtroMsesiddhAntavAkyoMse-aviruddha honI cAhiye / tabhI vaha grAhya ho sakatI hai, anyathA nahIM / yaha bilakula satya hai / merI rAyameM mUlaguNoMkA jo kucha zAsana-bheda Upara prakaTa kiyA gayA hai usameM paraspara siddhAntabheda nahIM hai-jaina siddhAntoMse koI virodha nahIM AtA-aura na ina bhinna zAsanoMmeM jainAcAryoMkA paraspara koI uddezyabheda hI pAyA jAtA hai| saboMkA uddezya kramazaH sAvadyakarmoko tyAga karAnekA mAlUma hotA hai / hA~, dRSTibheda, apekSAbheda, viSayabheda, saMkhyAbheda aura pratipAghoMkI sthiti AdikA bheda jarUra hai jisake kAraNa ukta zAsanoMko bhinna jarUra mAnanA par3egA / aura isa liye yaha kabhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki mahAvIra bhagavAnane hI ina saba bhinna zAsanoMkA vidhAna kiyA thA-unakI vANImeM hI ye saba mata isI rUpase prakaTa hue the-aisA mAnanA aura samajhanA nitAnta bhUla hogaa| vAstavameM ye saba zAsana pAparogakI zAMtike nusakhe ( Prescriptions ) haiM oSadhikalpa haiM jinheM AcAryoMne apane apane dezoM tathA samayoMke ziSyoMkI prakRti aura yogyatA Adike anusAra tayyAra kiyA hai| aura isa liye sarvadezoM, sarvasamayoM aura sarva prakArakI prakRtike vyaktiyoM ke liye amuka eka hI nusakhA
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________________ aSTa mUlaguNa upayogI hogA, aisA haTha karanekI jarUrata nahIM hai| jisa samaya aura jisa prakArakI prakRti Adike vyaktiyoMke liye jaise oSadhikalpoMkI jarUrata hotI hai, buddhimAna vaidya, usa samaya aura usa prakArakI prakRti Adike vyaktiyoM ke liye vaise hI oSadhikalpoMkA prayoga kiyA karate haiN| aneka naye naye oSadhikalpa gar3he jAte haiM, purAnoMmeM pheraphAra kiyA jAtA hai aura aisA karanemeM kucha bhI Apatti nahIM hotI, yadi ve saba rogazAMtike viruddha na hoN| isI taraha para dezakAlAnusAra kiye hue AcAryoMke uparyukta bhinna zAsanoMmeM bhI koI Apatti nahIM kI jA sktii| kyoM ki ve saba jainasiddhAntoMse aviruddha haiN| hA~, ApekSika dRSTise unheM prazasta aprazasta, sugama durgama, alpaphalasAdhaka bahuphalasAdhaka ityAdika jarUra kahA jA sakatA hai, aura isa prakArakA bheda AcAryoMkI yogyatA aura unake tattatkAlIna vicAroMpara nirbhara hai / astu; isI siddhAntAvirodhakI dRSTi se yadi Aja koI mahAtmA, vartamAna deza kAlakI sthitiyoMko lakSyameM rakhakara, uparyukta mUla guNoMmeM bhI kucha pheraphAra karanA cAhe aura udAharaNake taurapara 1 mAMsavirati, 2 madyavirati, 3 paMceMdriyaghAtavirati, 4 hastamaithunavirati, 5 zAstrA'dhyayana 6 Aptastavana, 7 AlokitapAnabhojana, aura 8 svavacanapAlana nAmake aSTa mUlaguNa sthApita kare to vaha khuzIse aisA kara sakatA hai, usameM koI Apatti kiye jAnekI z2arUrata nahIM hai; aura na yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki usakA aisA vidhAna jinendradevakI AjJAke viruddha hai athavA mahAvIra bhagavAnake zAsanase bAhara hai, kyoMki ukta prakArakA vidhAna jainasiddhAntoMke viruddha nahIM hai| aura jo vidhAna jainasiddhAntoMke viruddha nahIM hotA vaha saba mahAvIra bhagavAnake anukUla hai| use prakArAntarase jainasiddhAntoMkI vyAkhyA athavA unakA vyAva
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________________ jainAcAryokA zAsanabheda hArika rUpa samajhanA cAhiye aura isa dRSTi se use mahAvIra bhagavAnakA zAsana bhI kaha sakate haiN| paraMtu bhinna zAsanoMkI hAlatameM mahAvIra bhagavAnane yahI kahA, aisA hI kahA, isI kramase kahA, ityAdika mAnanA mithyA hogA aura use prAyaH mithyAdarzana samajhanA cAhiye / ataH usase bacakara yathArtha vastusthitiko jAnane aura usapara dhyAna rakhanekI koziza karanI cAhiye / isImeM zreya aura isImeM sarvakA kalyANa hai.|| __ yaha to huI digambara jainAcAryoMke zAsana-bhedakI bAta, aba zvetAmbarAcAryoMke zAsana-bhedako lIjiye / zvetAmbaragraMthoMke dekhanese mAlUma hotA hai ki unhoMne isa prakArake mUlaguNoMkA koI vidhAna nahIM kiyA aura isaliye, isa viSayameM, unakA zAsanabheda bhI kucha dikhalAyA nahIM jA sakatA / zvetAmbarapranthoM meM madyamAMsAdikake tyAgarUpa ukta mUlaguNoMkA prAyaH sArA kathana 'bhogopabhogaparimANa' nAmake dUsare guNavratameM pAyA jAtA hai| jaisA ki zrIhemacaMdrAcAryapraNIta ' yogazAstra' ke nimna vAkyoMse prakaTa hai: madyaM mAMsaM navanItaM madhudumbarapaMcakam / anaMtakAyamajJAtaphalaM rAtrau ca bhojanaM // 3-6 // AmagorasasaMpRktaM dvidalaM puSpitodanaM / / dadhyahadvitIyAtItaM kuthitAnaM vivarjayet // 3-7 // paraMtu 'zrAvakajJapti' nAmake mUla granthameM, jo umAkhAti AcAryakA banAyA huA kahA jAtA hai, aisA koI kathana nahIM hai / arthAt , usake kartA AcArya mahArAjane 'bhogopabhogaparimANa' nAmake guNavratameM ukta madyamAMsAdikake tyAgakA koI vidhAna nahIM kiyA / hA~, TIkAkArane ukta guNavratadhArI zrAvakake liye niravadya ( nirdoSa ) AhA
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________________ aSTa mUlaguNa rakA vidhAna jarUra kiyA hai| sAtha hI, 'vRddhasaMpradAya' rUpase kucha prAkRta gadya bhI uddhRta kiyA hai jisameM ukta vratIke madya-mAMsAdika aura paMcodumbarAdikake tyAgakI sUcanA pAI jAtI hai| paraMtu 'vRddhasaMpradAya se abhiprAya kaunase saMpradAya-vizeSase hai yaha kucha mAlUma nahIM huaa| zrAvakadharmake pratipAdana-viSayameM, zvetAmbarasampradAyakA sabase prAcIna graMtha ' uvAsagadasAo' (upAsaka-dazA) sUtra hai, jise ' upAsakAdhyayana' tathA dvAdazAMgavANIkA 'saptama aMga' bhI kahate haiM aura jo mahAvIra bhagavAnake sAkSAt ziSya 'sudharmAsvAmI' gaNadharakA banAyA huA kahA jAtA hai| isa graMthameM bhI, ukta guNavatakA kathana karate hue, madya-mAMsAdikake tyAgakA spaSTa rUpase koI vidhAna nahIM kiyA gyaa| zrAvakadharma-viSayaka unake isa sarvapradhAna granthameM, kathAoMko chor3akara, zrAvakIya bAraha vratoMke prAyaH atIcAroMkA hI varNana pAyA jAtA ' hai, vratoMke svarUpAdikakA aura kucha bhI vizeSa varNana nahIM hai| dUsare zabdoMmeM yoM kahanA cAhie ki isa graMthameM zrAvakadharmakA pUrA vidhividhAna nahIM hai / isIse zAyada 'zrAvakaprajJapti' ke TIkAkAra zrIharibhadrasUrine, zrAvakoMke liye niravadya AhArAdikakA vidhAna karate hue, yaha sUcita kiyA hai ki 'sUtrameM (upAsaka dazAmeM) dezaviratike sambaMdhameM niyamita rUpase 'idameva idameva' aisA koI kathana nahIM hai, kyoMki vahA~ sirpha aticAroMkA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| isa liye dezaviratikI vidhi vicitra hai aura use apanI buddhise pUrA karanA caahie|' haribhadrasUrike ve vAkya isa prakAra haiM: "vicitratvAca dezaviratecitrotrApavAdaH ityata evedamevedameveti vA sUtre na niyamitamaticArAbhidhAnAca vicitrastadvidhiH svadhiyAvaseya iti / "
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________________ jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda __ina vAkyoMse yaha bhI bhale prakAra spaSTa hai ki zvetAmbara-sampradAyameM 'upAsakadazA' sUtrase bAhara zrAvakadharmakA jo kucha bhI vizeSa kathana pAyA jAtA hai vaha saba pIchese AcAryoMdvArA apanI apanI buddhike anusAra nidhArita tathA pallavita kiyA huA kathana hai| aura isa liye use bhI siddhAntAvirodhakI dRSTi se hI grahaNa karanA cAhie aura usameM bhI deza-kAlAnusAra yathocita pheraphAra kiyA jA sakatA hai / yahA~para yaha bAta bar3I hI vicitra mAlUma hotI hai ki zvetAmbara AcAryone, madyamAMsAdikake tyAgakA yadi vidhAna kiyA bhI hai to vaha dUsare guNavratameM jAkara kiyA hai| aura isa liye isase pahalI avasthAoMvAle zrAvakoM-ahiMsAdika aNuvratoMke pAlane vAloM-athavA vyAvahArika dRSTise jainImAtrake liye unake sevanakA koI niSedha nahIM hai| aisA kyoM kiyA gayA ? kyoM zrAvakamAtra athavA jainagRhasthamAtrake liye madyamAMsAdikake tyAgakA niyama nahIM rakkhA gayA ? . aura unake tyAgako mUlaguNa nahIM banAyA gayA ? jaba sakalaviratiyoMke liye mUlottaraguNoMkI vyavasthA hai taba dezaviratiyoMke liye vaha kyoM nahIM rakkhI gaI ? kyoM aisA kamase kama AcaraNa nirdiSTa nahIM kiyA gayA jisakA pAlana karanA sabake liye-jainImAtrake liye-jarUrI ho aura jisake pAlanake vinA koI bhI * jainI' athavA 'mahAvIrabhagavAnakA upAsaka' hI na kahalA sakatA ho ? ye saba bAteM aisI haiM jinapara vicAra kiye jAnekI jarUrata hai| saMbhava hai ki aisA karanemeM zvetAmbara AcAryoMkA kucha uddezyabheda ho / bandhanoMko DhIlA rakhakara, bauddhoMke sadRza samAjavRddhikA unakA Azaya ho / parantu kucha bhI ho, isa viSayameM, nizcita rUpase, abhI maiM kucha kaha nahIM sktaa| avasara milanepara, isa sambandhameM apane vizeSa vicAra phira kisI samaya prakaTa kiye jaayeNge|
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________________ 21 aNuvrata aura rAtribhojanavirati aNuvrata aura rAtribhojanavirati jainadharmameM, hiMsAdika pApoMkI dezataH nivRtti (sthUlarUpase tyAga) kA nAma 'aNuvrata' aura usakI prAyaH sarvataH nivRttikA nAma ' mahAvrata' hai| vratoMkI ye aNu aura mahat saMjJAe~ paraspara sApekSika haiN| vAstavameM, sarvasAvadyayogakI nivRttiko 'vrata' kahate haiN| vaha nivRtti ekadeza honese 'aNuvrata' aura sarvadeza honese ' mahAvata' kahalAtI hai| gRhastha loga samasta sAvadyayogakA-hiMsAkarmokA-pUrI taurase tyAga nahIM kara sakate isa liye unake liye AcAryoMne aNurUpase kucha vratoMkA vidhAna kiyA hai, jinakI saMkhyA aura viSaya-saMbaMdhameM kucha AcAryoMke paraspara mata-bheda hai / usI mata-bhedako sthUlarUpase dikhalAnekA aba yatna kiyA jAtA hai| sAtha hI, rAtribhojanaviratike sambandhameM jo AcAryokA zAsanabheda hai use bhI kucha dikhalAnekI ceSTA kI jAyagI: svAmIsamantabhadrAcAryane ratnakaraMDazrAvakAcArameM, kundakundamunirAjane cAritrapAhur3ameM, umAsvAtimunIndrane tattvArthasUtrameM, somadevasUrine yazastilakameM, vasunandIAcAryane zrAvakAcArameM, amitagatimunine upAsakA cAroM aura zvetAmbarAcArya hemacaMdrane yogazAstrameM aNuvratoMkI saMkhyA pA~ca ' dI hai jinake nAma prAyaH isa prakAra haiM: 1 ahiMsA, 2 satya, 3 acaurya, 4 brahmacarya 5 parigrahaparimANa / ye pA~coM vrata apane pratipakSI sthUla hiMsAdika pApoMse viratirUpa varNana kiye gaye haiN| yaha dUsarI bAta hai ki kisI kisI prathameM inakA dUsare paryAyanAmoMse ullekha kiyA gayA hai, paraMtu nAmaviSayaka Azaya sabakA eka hai, isameM koI vipratipatti nahIM hai| zvetAmbaroMke 'upAsakadazA'
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________________ 22 jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda sUtrameM bhI inhIMkA ullekha hai aura unakA 'zrAvakaprajJapti' nAmakA graMtha bhI inhIMkA vidhAna karatA hai| ina vratoMkI saMkhyA viSayameM zrIkundakundAcArya likhate haiM ki 'paMcevaNuvvayAI' ( paMcaiva aNuvratAni) -~-arthAt , aNuvrata pA~ca hI haiM / vasunandI AcArya bhI apane zrAvakAcArameM yahI vAkya dete haiN| somadevane isakA saMskRtAnuvAda diyA hai aura zrAvakaprajJaptimeM bhI yahI (paMcavaNuvvayAI) vAkya jyoMkA tyoM pAyA jAtA hai| zrAvakaprajJaptike TIkAkAra zrIharibhadrasUri isa vAkyapara likhate haiM"paMceti sNkhyaa| evakAro'vadhAraNe / paMcaiva na catvAri ssdd'aa|" arthAt-pA~cakI saMkhyAke sAtha 'eva' zabda avadhAraNa arthameM hai jisakA Azaya yaha hai ki aNuvrata pA~ca hI haiM, cAra athavA chaha nahIM haiN| isa tarahapara bahutase AcAryoMne aNuvratoMkI saMkhyA sirpha pA~ca dI hai aura ukta pA~coM hI vratoMko aNuvrata rUpase varNana kiyA hai| paraMtu samAjameM kucha aise AcArya tathA vidvAn bhI ho gaye haiM jinhoMne ukta pA~ca vratoMko hI aNuvrata rUpase svIkAra nahIM kiyA, balki 'rAtribhojanavirati' nAmake eka chaThe aNuvratakA bhI vidhAna kiyA hai| jaisA ki nIce likhe kucha pramANoMse prakaTa haika-"asya ( aNuvratasya) paMcadhAtvaM bahumatAdiSyate kacittu rAjyabhojanamapi aNuvratamucyate / tathA bhvti|" -saagaardhrmaamRtttiikaa| ina vAkyoMdvArA paM0 azAdharajIne, jo 13 vIM zatAbdIke vidvAn haiM, yaha sUcita kiyA hai ki 'aNuvratoMkI yaha paMca saMkhyA bahumatakI apekSAse hai| kucha AcAryoMke matase 'rAtribhojanavirati' bhI eka aNuvrata hai, so vaha aNuvrata ThIka hI hai|'
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________________ aNuvrata aura rAtribhojanavirati kha-vratatrANAya kartavyaM rAtribhojanavarjanam / sarvathAnAnivRttestatproktaM SaSThamaNuvratam // 5-70 // -aacaarsaarH| yaha vAkya zrIvIranandI AcAryakA hai, jo Ajase AThasau varSa pahale, vikramakI 12 vIM zatAbdImeM, ho gaye haiN| isameM kahA gayA hai ki ' ( muniko ) ahiMsAdika vratoMkI rakSAke liye sarvathA rAtribhojanakA tyAga karanA cAhiye aura annakI nivRttise vaha rAtribhojanakA tyAga chaThA aNuvrata kahA jAtA hai, athavA kahA gayA hai|' ga-"rAtrAvanapAnakhAdyalehyebhyazcaturyaH satvAnukaMpayA viramaNaM rAtribhojanaviramaNaM SaSThamaNuvratam / " " vadhAdasatyAcauryAcakAmAdagraMthAnivarttanam / paMcadhANuvrataM rAjyabhuktiH SaSThamaNuvratam // " -caaritrsaarH| ye vacana zrInemicaMdra siddhAntacakravartIke ziSya cAmuNDarAyake haiM, jo Ajase lagabhaga eka hajAra varSa pahale, vikramakI 11 vIM zatAbdIke zurUmeM, ho gaye haiN| ina vacanoMdvArA spaSTarUpase yaha batalAyA gayA hai ki rAtribhojanatyAgako chaThA aNuvrata kahate haiM aura yaha una paMca prakArake aNuvratoMse bhinna hai jo hiMsAvirati Adi nAmoMse kahe gaye haiN| yahA~para itanA vizeSa aura hai ki vIranandI AcAryane to anase nivRtta honeko chaThA aNuvrata batalAyA hai paraMtu cAmuMDarAya anna, pAna, khAdya aura lehya, aise cAroM prakArake AhArake tyAgako chaThA aNuvrata pratipAdana karate haiN| donoM vidvAnoMke kathanoMmeM yaha paraspara bheda kyoM ? isameM jarUra koI gupta rahasya jAna par3atA hai| jaba mahAvratI muniyoM ko bhI rAtri
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________________ 24 jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda bhojanake tyAgakA vratoMse pRthakarUpa upadeza diyA gayA hai aura unase bhojanakA sarvathA tyAga-cAroM prakArake AhArakA tyAga-karAyA gayA hai taba aNuvratI gRhasthoMko-khAsakara vratapratimAdhArI zrAvakoMko-isa viSayameM unake bilakula samakakSa rakhanA-unase bhI barAbarakA tyAga karAnA-kahA~ taka nyAyya hai, aura isase aNuvrata aura mahAvratake tyAgameM paraspara kucha vizeSatA rahatI hai yA ki nahIM, yaha bAta hRdayameM jarUra khaTakatI hai| prAyaH aisA mAlUma hotA hai ki jina vidvAnoMne zrAvakakI chaThI pratimAko divAmaithunatyAgarUpase varNana kiyA hai-rAtribhojanatyAgarUpase nahIM unhoMne dUsarI vratapratimAmeM yA usase bhI pahale rAtribhojanakA sarvathA tyAga karA diyA hai| aura jinhoMne chaThI pratimAko rAtribhojanatyAgarUpase pratipAdana kiyA hai una vidvAnoMne yA to rAtribhojanatyAgakA usase pahale apane graMthameM upadeza hI nahIM diyA aura yA usakA kucha moTe rUpase tyAga karAyA hai| yahA~para donoMke kucha udAharaNa pAThakoM ke sAmane rakkhe jAte haiM jisase rAtribhojanatyAga-viSayameM aacaayokaa mata-bheda aura bhI spaSTatAke sAtha unheM vyakta ho jAya: 1 vasunandI AcAryane, apane zrAvakAcArameM, chaThI pratimA 'divAmaithunatyAga' (dinameM maithuna nahIM karanA) karAra dI hai aura rAtribhojanakA tyAga Apa pahalI pratimAvAleke vAste Avazyaka ThaharAte haiN| Apane likhA hai ki 'rAtribhojanakA karanevAlA gyAraha pratimAoM se pahalI pratimAkA dhAraka bhI nahIM ho sktaa|' yathAH eyAdasesu paDhagaM vi jado NisibhoyaNaM kuNaMtassa / ThANaM Na ThAi tamhA NisibhuttaM parihare NiyamA // 314 //
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________________ aNuvrata aura rAtribhojanavirati 2 amitagati AcAryane bhI, apane upAsakAcArameM, chaThI pratimAko 'divAmaithunatyAga' varNana kiyA hai aura ve rAtribhojanatyAgakA vidhAna vratoMke upadezase bhI pahale karate haiM, jisase mAlUma hotA hai ki ve pAkSika tathA darzanika zrAvakake liye usakA niyama karate haiM; jaisA ki pahale aSTamUlaguNa-saMbaMdhI lekhameM prakaTa kiyA gayA hai| 3 paM0 vAmadeva bhI, apane 'bhAvasaMgraha' meM, darzanika zrAvaka arthAt pahalI pratimAdhArakake liye rAtribhojanakA tyAga Avazyaka batalAte haiM yathAH __darzanikaH prakurvIta rAtribhojanavarjanam / 4 paM0 AzAdharajIkA bhI mata chaThI pratimAke viSayameM 'divAmaithunatyAga' kA hai| unhoMne apane sAgAradharmAmRtameM rAtribhojanake tyAgakA vidhAna pAkSika zrAvakase prAraMbha kiyA hai aura use kramase bar3hAyA hai| pAkSika zrAvakase sAmAnyatayA bhojanakA-annakA-tyAga karAkara darzanika zrAvakake tyAgameM kucha vizeSatA kI hai usake liye dinake prathama muharta aura antima muhUrtameM bhI bhojanakA niSedha kiyA hai, aura sAtha hI, roganivRtti tathA svAsthyarakSAke liye rAtriko jalaphala-ghRta-dugdhAdikakA sevana bhI dUSita ThaharAyA hai aura antameM phira vratika zrAvakase cAroM prakArake bhojanakA sadAke liye tyAga karAkara isa rAtribhojanake kathanako pUrA kiyA hai| ___5 zrIcAmuMDarAya bhI isI prakArake vidvAnoMmeM hue haiN| unhoMne bhI cAritrasArameM chaThI pratimA 'divAmaithunatyAga' sthApita kI hai| aura isaliye ve dUsarI pratimAmeM hI pUrI taurase rAtribhojanake tyAgakA vidhAna karate haiM / unake ve vidhivAkya Upara uddhRta kiye jA cuke haiN|
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________________ 26 jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda ye to hue prathama prakArake vidvAnoMke udAharaNa, aba dUsare prakArake vidvAnoMke bhI kucha udAharaNa, lIjiye: 6 svAmIsamantabhadrAcAryane, ratnakaraMDakameM rAtribhojanavirati' ko chaThI pratimA batalAyA hai, aura usase pahale graMthabharameM kahIM bhI rAtribhojanake tyAgakA vidhAna nahIM kiyA hai| ve cAroM prakArake AhArakA isI pratimA tyAga karAte haiM / yathAH-- annaM pAnaM khAdyaM leAM nAnAti yo vibhAvaryAm / sa ca rAtribhuktivirataH stvessvnukmpmaanmnaaH|| 7 brahmanemidattane bhI apane dharmopadezapIyUSavarSa ' nAmake zrAvakAcArameM, samantabhadrake sadRza 'rAtribhojanavirati' ko hI chaThI pratimA karAra diyA hai aura usI tarahapara cAroM prakArake AhArakA usameM tyAga karAyA hai / yathA:-- annaM pAnaM tathA khAdyaM lehya rAtrau hi sarvadA / naiva muMkte pavitrAtmA sa SaSThaH zrAvako mataH // paraMtu nemidattane isase pahale bhI apane graMthameM rAtribhojanakA kucha tyAga karAyA hai / likhA hai ki 'rAtrimeM yadi sAmAnyatayA jala, tAmbUla aura auSadhakA grahaNa karate ho to karo parantu phalAdikako grahaNa na karanA cAhiye' aura isake samarthanameM eka prAkRta vAkya bhI diyA hai / yathAH-- ___ "sAmAnyato nizAyAM ca jalaM tAmbUlamauSadhaM / gRhNanti caiva gRhNantu naiva grAhya phalAdikaM // yaduktaM / tambolo sahu jalamuivi, jo aMthavie mUri / bhoggAsaNi phala ahilasai, te kiu daMsaNu dUri // "
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________________ aNuvrata aura rAtribhojanavirati kavirAjamalla bhI isI prakArake vidvAnoMmeM hue haiN| unhoMne 'lATIsaMhitA' nAmaka apane prAvakAcArameM rAtribhojanavirati' ko chaThI pratimA karAra dekara, yadyapi rAtribhojanakA sarvAgatyAga usImeM karAyA hai parantu pahalI pratimAmeM bhI usake ekadeza tyAgakA vidhAna kiyA haijise Apa 'digmAtra' tyAga batalAte hai--aura likhA hai ki 'pahalI pratimAmeM rAtriko annamAtrAdi sthUla bhojanakA niSedha hai kintu jalAdikake pIne aura tAmbUlAdikake khAnekA niSedha nahIM hai| inakA tathA auSadhAdikake lenekA sarvathA niSedha chaThI pratimAmeM hotA hai / ' yathAH-- nanu rAtribhuktityAgo nAtroddezyastvayA kacit / SaSThasaMjJikavikhyAtapratimAyAmAste ytH||41|| satyaM sarvAtmanA tatra nizAbhojanavarjana / / hetoH kiMvatra digmAtraM siddhaM svAnubhavAgamAt // 42 // asti kazcidvizeSo'tra svalpAbhAso'rthato mahAn / sAticArotra digmAtre tatrAtIcAravarjitaH // 43 // niSiddhamannamAtrAdisthUlabhojyaM vrate dRshH| na niSiddhaM jalAdyatra tAmbUlAdyapi vA nizi // 44 // tatra tAmbUlatoyAdi niSiddhaM yAvadaMjasA / prANAntepi na bhoktavyamauSadhAdi manISiNA // 45 // -dvitIyaH srgH| vIranandI AcAryakA zrAvakAcAra-viSayaka koI graMtha mujhe upalabdha nahIM huaa| parantu cUMki Apane, rAtribhojanake tyAgameM, sirpha annakI nivRttise hI chaThe aNuvratakA honA sUcita kiyA hai isaliye Apa isa dvitIyavargake hI vidvAn mAlUma hote haiM aura saMbhavataH yahI vajaha hai ki.
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________________ jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda Apake aura cAmuMDarAyake chaThe aNuvrata ke svarUpakathanameM paraspara bheda pAyA jAtA hai / yadi aisA nahIM hai-- arthAt, vIranandI prathama vargake vidvAnoM meM zAmila haiM----to kahanA hogA ki Apake uparyullikhita padyameM 'annAt ' pada upalakSaNa hai aura isaliye usakI nivRttise chaThe aNuvratameM rAtri ke samaya anna, pAna khAdyAdika sabhI prakArake AhArakA tyAga karAyA gayA hai| aisI hAlata meM phira mahAvrata aura aNuvratake tyAgameM koI vizeSatA nahIM rahegI / paraMtu vizeSatA raho athavA mata raho, aura vIranandI prathama varga ke vidvAn hoM athavA dUsare vargake, para isameM sandeha nahIM ki Uparake ina saba avataraNoMse rAtribhojana- viSayaka AcA yA zAsanabheda bahuta kucha vyakta ho jAtA hai aura sAtha hI chaThI pratimAkA nAma aura svarUpasaMbandhI kucha matabheda bhI pAThakoMke sAmane A jAtA hai / astu / 28 aba maiM phira apane usI chaThe aNuvratapara AtA hU~, aura dekhatA hU~ ki usakA kathana kitanA purAnA hai-- gha - vikramakI 10 vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAn zrIdevasena AcArya, apane ' darzanasAra' nAmaka graMthameM, kumArasena nAmake eka munike dvArA vikramarAjAkI mRtyuse 753 varSabAda kASThAsaMghakI utpattikA varNana karate hue, likhate haiM ki kumArasenane chaThe aNuvratakA (chahaM ca aNuvvadaM NAma ) vidhAna kiyA hai| isase mAlUma hotA hai ki rAtribhojanatyAga nAmakA chaThA aNuvrata Ajase bAraha sau varSa se bhI adhika samaya pahale mAnA jAtA thA / paraMtu isa kathanase kisIko yaha nahIM samajha lenA cAhiye ki kumArasena nAmake AcAryane hI isa aNutratakI IjAda kI hai-- unhoMne hI sabase pahale isakA upadeza diyA hai / aisA nahIM hai /
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________________ aNuvrata aura rAtribhojanavirati unase pahale bhI kucha AcAryoMdvArA yaha aNuvrata mAnA jAtA thA; jaisA ki, isa lekhameM, isake bAda hI dikhalAyA jAyagA aura isaliye kumArasenake dvArA isa vratake vidhAnakA sirpha itanA hI Azaya lenA cAhiye ki unhoMne ise apane siddhAntoMmeM svIkAra kiyA thaa| Ga-zrIpUjyapAda svAmIne, apane ' sarvArthasiddhi' nAmaka graMthake sAtaveM adhyAyameM, prathama sUtrakI vyAkhyA karate hue, 'rAtribhojanaviramaNa' nAmake chaThe aNuvatakA ullekha isa prakArase kiyA hai: "nanu ca SaSThamaNuvratamasti rAtribhojanaviramaNaM tadihopasaMkhyAtavyaM / na bhAvanAsvantabhavAt / ahiMsAvatabhAvanA hi vkssyte| tatra AlokitapAnabhojanabhAvanA kaaryeti|" ___ isase mAlUma hotA hai ki zrIpUjyapAdake samayameM, jinakA astitvakAla vikramakI chaThI zatAbdIkA prAyaH pUrvArdha* mAnA jAtA hai, rAtribhojanaviramaNa nAmakA chaThA aNuvrata pracalita thaa| parantu cU~ki umAsvAti AcAryane tatvArthasUtrameM isa chaThe aNuvratakA vidhAna nahIM kiyA isaliye, AcArya pUjyapAdane apane graMthameM isakA eka vikalpa uThAkara---arthAt, yaha prazna khar3A karake ki 'jaba rAtribhojanaviramaNa nAmakA chaThA aNuvrata bhI hai taba yahA~ vratoMke pratipAdaka isa sUtrameM usakA bhI sammelana aura parigaNana ___ * devasenAcArya ne 'darzanasAra' graMthameM likhA hai ki zrIpUjyapAdake ziSya vajranandIke dvArA vi0 saM0 526 meM drAviDasaMghakI utpatti huI hai| pUjyapAdasvAmI gaMgarAjA 'durvinIta' ke samayamai hue haiN| durvinIta rAjA unakA ziSya thA, jisakA rAjyakAla I. san 482 se 522 taka kahA jAtA hai| isase pUjyapAdakA ukta samaya prAyaH ThIka mAlUma hotA hai|
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________________ jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda honA cAhiye thA' uttarameM batalAyA hai ki 'isa vratakA ahiMsAvratakI AlokitapAnabhojana nAmako bhAvanAmeM aMtarbhAva hai' isaliye yahA~ pRthaka rUpase kahane aura ginanekI jarUrata nahIM huii| aura isa tarahapara ukta praznake uttarakI bharapAI karake sUtrakI anupapatti athavA truTikA parihAra kiyA hai / yadyapi isa kathanase AcAryamahodayakA chaThe aNuvratake viSayameM koI viruddha mata mAlUma nahIM hotA balki kathanazailIse unakI isa viSayameM prAyaH anukUlatA hI pAI jAtI hai to bhI prAyaH mUla graMthake anurodhAdise usa samaya unhoMne ukta prakArakA uttara denA hI ucita samajhA aisA jAna par3atA hai / akalaMkadevane bhI, apane rAjavArtikameM pUjyapAdake vAkyoMkA prAyaH anusaraNa aura uddharaNa karate hue, rAtribhojanaviratiko chaThA aNuvrata prakaTa kiyA hai (tadapiSaSThamaNuvrataM) aura usake viSayameM ve hI vikalpa uThAkara use AlokitapAnabhojana nAmakI bhAvanAmeM antarbhUta kiyA hai * / sAtha hI, AlokitapAnabhojanameM pradIpAdike vikalpoMko uThAkara aura nAnAraMbhadoSAdikake dvArA unakA samAdhAna karake kucha vizeSa kathana bhI kiyA hai| parantu vastutaH rAtribhojanavirati nAmake chaThe aNuvratakA AlokitapAnabhojana nAmakI bhAvanAmeM antarbhAva hotA hai yA nahIM, yaha bAta abhI vicAraNIya hai| aura isake liye sabase pahale hameM ahiMsANuvratakA svarUpa dekhanA cAhiye / arthAt , yaha mAlUma karanA cAhiye ki ahiMsANuvratake dhArakake vAste kitanI aura kisaprakArakI hiMsAke tyAgakA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| yadi ahiMsA aNuztake svarUpameMahiMsA mahAvratake svarUpameM nahIM-rAtribhojanakA tyAga niyamase * yathAH-syAnmatamiha rAtribhojanaviratyupasaMkhyAnaM kartavyaM tadapi SaSThamaNuvratamiti / tanna / kiM kAraNaM bhAvanAntarbhAvAt / -rAjavArtikam /
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________________ aNuvrata aura rAtribhojanavirati AjAtA hai taba to usakI bhAvanAmeM bhI usakA samAveza ho sakatA hai aura yadi mUla ahiMsA aNuvratake svarUpameM hI rAtribhojanakA tyAga nahIM banatA-lAjamI nahIM AtA-taba phira usakI bhAvanAmeM hI usakA samAveza kaise ho sakatA hai| kyoMki bhAvanAe~ vratoMkI sthiratAke liye kahI gaI haiN| jo bAta mUlameM hI nahIM usakI phira sthiratA hI kyA kI jA sakatI hai ? ataH sabase pahale hameM ahiMsANuvratake svarUpako sAmane rakhanA cAhiye aura taba usaparase vicAra karanA cAhiye ki usakI AlokitapAnabhojana ( dekhakara khAnApInA) nAmakI bhAvanAmeM rAtribhojanaviratikA antarbhAva hotA hai yA nahIM / ahiMsANuvratakA svarUpa svAmIsamaMtabhadrAcAryane isaprakAra batalAyA hai saMkalpAtkRtakAritamananAdyogatrayasya carasatvAn / na hinasti yattadAhuH sthUlavadhAdviramaNaM nipuNAH / / isa svarUpameM aNuvratIke liye sthUlarUpase trasajIvoMkI sirpha saMkalpI hiMsAke tyAgakA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai / AraMbhI aura virodhI hiMsAkA vaha prAya: tyAgI nahIM hotaa| zrIhemacaMdAcArya bhI apane yogazAstrameM 'nirAgastrasajaMtUnAM hiMsAM saMkalpatastyajet' isa vAkyake dvArA saMkalpase niraparAdhI trasa jIvoMkI hiMsAke tyAgakA vidhAna karate haiN| rAtribhojanameM dinakI apekSA hiMsAkI adhika saMbhAvanA jarUra hai parantu vaha ukta saMkalpI hiMsA nahIM hotI jisake tyAgakA vratI zrAvakake liye niyama kiyA gayA hai aura * gRhavAsasevanarato mNdkssaayprvrtitaarNbhH| AraMbhajAM sa hiMsAM zaknoti na rakSituM niyatam // 6-7 // -upAsakAcAre, amitagatiH /
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________________ 32 jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda . isaliye ahiMsANuvratakI pratijJAmeM rAtribhojanakA tyAga nahIM aataa| usake liye judA hI niyamAdika karanekI jarUrata hotI hai| isI liye gRhasthoMko rAtribhojanake tyAgakA pRthak upadeza diyA gayA hai| kucha AcAryoMne ahiMsANuvratake bAda, kuchane pA~coM aNuvratoMke bAda, kuchane bhogopabhogaparimANa nAmake guNavratameM aura kuchane aNuvratoMke kathanase bhI pahale isakA varNana kiyA hai / aura aneka AcAryoMne spaSTa taurapara ise chaThA aNuvrata hI karAra diyA hai jaisA ki Upara dikhalAyA gayA hai / ataH yaha eka pRthak vrata jAna par3atA hai aura ukta AlokitapAnabhojana nAmakI bhAvanAmeM isakA antarbhAva nahIM hotaa| hA~, mahAvratiyoMke tyAgakI dRSTise, jisameM saba prakArakI hiMsAko chor3A jAtA hai aura gocarIke bhI kucha vizeSa niyama haiM, AlokitapAnabhojana nAmakI bhAvanAmeM rAtribhojanake tyAgakA samAveza jarUra ho sakatA hai| aura saMbhavataH isIpara lakSya rakhate hue zrIpUjyapAda aura akalaMkadevane apane apane graMthoMmeM ukta prakArake uttarakA vidhAna kiyA jAna par3atA hai| aisA mAlUma hotA hai ki vikalpako uThAkara usakA uttara dete samaya unakI dRSTi ahiMsANuvratake svarUpapara nahIM pahu~cI-unake sAmane usa samaya ahiMsA mahAvratake svarUpakA nakazA aura muniyoMke caritrakA citra hI rahA hai, aura isa liye, unhoMne usIke dhyAnameM rAtribhojanaviramaNa nAmake chaThe aNuvratako ahiMsAvratakI AlokitapAnabhojana nAmakI bhAvanAmeM antarbhUta kara diyA hai| merA yaha khayAla aura bhI dRDha hotA hai jaba maiM rAjavArtikameM una vizeSa vikalpoMke uttara-pratyuttaroMko dekhatA hU~ jo AlokitapAnabhojanake sambandhameM uThAe gaye haiM; ve saba muniyoMse hI sambaMdha rakhate haiN| jaise ki, dIpAdikake prakAzameM dekhabhAlakara rAtriko bhojanapAnakaranemeM jo AraMbha doSa hotA hai use yadi parakRtapradIpAdi hetuse haTAyA bhI jAya to bhI bhojanake.
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________________ aNuvrata aura rAtribhojanavirati / wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwinwr vAste muniyoMkA rAtriko vihArAdika nahIM bana sakatA; kyoMki AcArazAstrakA aisA upadeza hai: "jJAnA''dityasveMdriyaprakAzaparIkSitamArgeNa yugamAtrapUrvApekSI dezakAle paryavya yatiH bhikSAM zuddhAmupAdIyate ityaacaaropdeshH|" AcArazAstrakI yaha vidhi rAtriko nahIM bana sakatI-isake liye Aditya (sUrya ) ke prakAzakI khAsa jarUrata hai / ataH parakRtapradIpAdike kAraNa AraMbhadoSa na hote hue bhI, vihArAdika na bana sakanese, muniyoMke rAtriko bhojana nahIM bntaa| isI tarahapara Age aura bhI, dinako bhojana lAkara use rAtriko khAne Adike vikalpa uThAe gaye haiM aura unakA phira muniyoMke sambandhameM hI parihAra kiyA gayA hai, jina sabase yaha bilakula spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki munidhamako lakSya karake hI rAtribhojanaviramaNakA AlokitapAnabhojana nAmakI bhAvanAmeM antarbhAva kiyA gayA hai| zrAvakadharma athavA ukta chaThe aNuvratako lakSya karake nhiiN| vAstavameM ahiMsAdika vratoMkI pA~ca pA~ca bhAvanAe~ bhI prAyaH muniyoMko-mahAvratiyoMko-lakSya karake hI kahI gaI haiM; jaisA ki zAstroMmeM diye hue IryAsamiti, bhaikSyazuddhi, zUnyAgArAvAsa Adi unake nAmoM tathA svarUpase prakaTa hai aura jinake viSayameM yahA~ vizeSa likhanekI jarUrata nahIM hai| mahAvratoMkI asthiratAmeM muniyoMke eka bhI uttaraguNa nahIM bana sakatA, ata: vratoMkI sthiratA saMpAdana karaneke liye hI muniyoMke vAste ina saba bhAvanAoMkA khAsa taurase vidhAna kiyA gayA hai, jaisA ki 'zlokavArtika' meM zrIvidyAnaMda AcAryake nimna vAkyase prakaTa hai
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________________ 34 jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda tatsthairyArtha vidhAtavyA bhAvanA paMca paMca tu / tadasthairye yatInAM hi saMbhAvyo nottaro guNaH || aNuvratI zrAvakake liye ina bhAvanAoMmeM se AlokitapAnabhojana nAmakI bhAvanAkA prAyaH itanA hI Azaya ho sakatA hai ki, moTe rUpase acchI taraha dekha bhAlakara bhojanapAna kiyA jAya vaise hI vinA dekhe bhAle andhere AdimeM anApazanApa bhojana na kiyA jAya / isase adhika, rAtribhojanake tyAgakA artha usase nahIM liyA jA sakatA / usake liye judA pratijJA karanI hotI hai / yaha bhAvanA hai, ise vrata athavA pratijJA nahIM kaha sakate / vrata kahate haiM ' abhisaMdhikRta niyama ' ko - arthAta, yaha kAma mujhe karanA hai athavA yaha kAma maiM nahIM karU~gA, isa prakArake niyamavizeSako; aura bhAvanA nAma hai 'punaH punaH saMcintana aura samIhana' kA / AlokitapAnabhojana nAmakI bhAvanA meM isa prakArakA cintana aura samIhana kiyA jAtA hai ki ' mere ahiMsAvratakI zuddhike liye dekha bhAlakara bhojana huA kare / ' isase pAThaka samajha sakate haiM ki yaha cintana aura samIhana kahA~ taka usa rAtri - bhojanavirati nAmake vrata athavA aNutratakI koTimeM AtA hai, jisameM isa prakArakA niyama kiyA jAtA hai ki maiM rAtriko amuka amuka prakArake AhArakA sevana nahIM karU~gA / astu; yahA~ maiM apane pAThakoMpara itanA aura prakaTa kiye detA hUM ki zrIvidyAnaMda AcAryane, apane ' zlokavArtika' ke isI prakaraNameM, chaThe aNutratakA ullekha nahIM kiyA hai; balki rAtribhojanaviratiko ahiMsAdika pA~coM vratoMke anantara hI astitva rakhanevAlA eka pRthaka vrata sUcita karate hue use ukta prakArake praznoM tathA vikalpoMke sAtha, AlokitapAnabhojana nAmakI bhAvanA meM aMtarbhUta kiyA hai / jaisA ki unake nimna vAkyoMse prakaTa hai: -
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________________ aNuvrata aura rAtribhojanavirati "nanu paMcasu vrateSvanaMtarbhAvAdiha rAtribhojanaviratyupasaMkhyAmiti cenna, bhAvanAntarbhAvAt / tatrAnirdezAdayukto'ntarbhAva iti cena, AlokitapAnabhojanasya vacanAt / " isase mAluma hotA hai ki vidyAnanda AcAryakI dRSTi zrIpUjyapAda aura akalaMkadevakI usa sadoSa ukti para pahu~cI hai, jisake dvArA unhoMne ukta chaThe aNuvratako AlokitapAnabhojana nAmakI bhAvanAmeM aMtarbhUta kiyA thA; aura isa liye unhoMne usakA uparyukta prakArase saMzodhana karake kathanake pUrvApara saMbaMdhako eka prakArase ThIka kiyA hai| vAstavameM vArtikakAroMkA kAma bhI prAyaH yahI hotA hai / ve, apanI samajha aura zaktike anusAra, ukta, anukta, aura durukta tInoM prakArake arthokI cintA, vicAraNA aura abhivyakti kiyA karate haiN| uktArthomeM jo upayogI aura ThIka hote haiM unakA saMgraha karate haiM, zeSako chor3ate haiM; anuktAoMko apanI orase milAte haiM aura duruktArthIkA saMzodhana karate haiM--jaisA ki zrIhemacaMdrAcArya-pratipAdita 'vArtika' ke nimna lakSaNase prakaTa hai: "uktAnuktaduruktArthacintAkAri tu vArtikam / " / akalaMkadeva bhI vArtikakAra hue haiN| unhoMne bhI apane rAjavAtikameM aisA kiyA hai| parantu unakI dRSTi pUjyapAdakI ukta sadoSa ukti para nahIM pahu~cI, aisA mAluma hotA hai / athavA kucha pahu~cI bhI hai, yadi unake 'tadapi SaSThamaNuvrata' isa vAkyakA 'vaha (rAtribhojanavirati) bhI chaThA aNuvrata hai' aisA artha na karake 'vaha chaThA aNuvrata bhI hai| yaha artha kiyA jAya / aisI hAlatameM kahA jAyagA ki unhoMne pUjyapAdakI usa duruktikA sirpha AMzika saMzodhana kiyA hai| kyoMki chaThe
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________________ 36 jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda aNuvratakA ullekha karake unhoMne phira AlokitapAnabhojana nAmakI, bhAvanA meM usakI usI taraha siddhi nahIM kI jisa taraha ki mahAvratioM kI dRSTise rAtribhojanavirati nAmake vratakI kI hai / aura mahA-' vratiyoMkI dRSTise jo AraMbhadoSAdika hetu prayukta kiye gaye haiM unakI aNuvratI gRhasthoMke sambandhameM anupapatti hai-- ve unake nahIM banateisaliye unase ukta viSayakI koI siddhi nahIM hotI / merI rAyameM zrAvakoMke chaThe aNuvratakI, AlokitapAnabhojana nAmakI bhAvanA meM koI siddhi nahIM banatI; jaisA ki Upara kucha vizeSa rUpase dikhalAyA gayA hai / - isa saMpUrNa kathanase yaha bAta bhale prakAra samajhameM AsakatI hai ki ' rAtribhojanavirati ' nAmakA vrata eka svataMtra vrata hai / usake dhAraNa aura pAlanakA upadeza muni aura zrAvaka donoMko diyA jAtA hai-- donoM se usakA niyama karAyA jAtA hai--vaha aNuvratarUpa bhI hai aura mahAvratarUpa bhI / mahAvratoM meM bhale hI usakI gaNanA na ho--vaha chaThe aNuvrata ke sadRza chaThA mahAvrata na mAnA jAtA ho -- aura cAhe muniyoM ke mUlaguNoM meM bhI usakA nAma na ho paraMtu isameM saMdeha nahIM ki usakA astitva paMcamahAvratoMke anaMtara hI mAnA jAtA hai aura unake sAtha hI mUlaguNake taurapara usake anuSThAnakA pRthak rUpase vidhAna kiyA jAtA hai, jaisA ki isa lekha ke zurU meM uddhRta kiye hue ' AcAsArake ' vAkya aura 'mUlAcAra' ke nimnavAkyase bhI prakaTa hai : " tersi caiva vadANaM rakkhahaM rAdibhoyaNavirattI / " aisI hAlata meM rAtribhojanaviratiko yadi chaThA mahAvrata mAna liyA jAya athavA mahAvrata na mAnakara usake dvArA muniyoMke mUlaguNoM meM ekakI
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________________ aNuvrata aura rAtribhojanavirati vRddhi kI jAyace 28 ke sthAnameM 29 svIkAra kiye jAyeM-to isameM jainadharmake mUla siddhAntoMse koI virodha nahIM AtA / mUlottara guNa hamezA eka hI prakArake aura ekahI saMkhyAmeM nahIM rahA karate / ve samayakI AvazyakatAoM, dezakAlakI paristhitiyoM aura pratipAdyoM (ziSyoM) kI yogyatA Adike anusAra barAbara badalA karate haiM unameM pheraphArakI jarUrata huA karatI hai / mahAvIra bhagavAnase pahale ajitanAtha tIrthaMkaraparyaMta vrata eka thA; kyoMki bAIsa tIrthaMkaroMne 'sAmAyika' cAritrakA upadeza diyA hai, 'chedopasthApanA' cAritrakA nhiiN| chedopasthApanAkA upadeza zrIRSabhadeva aura mahAvIra bhagavAnane diyA hai; jaisA ki zrIvaTTakerAcAryake nimna vAkyase prakaTa hai:*bAvIsaM titthayarA sAmAiyaM saMjamaM uvadisaMti / chedovahAvaNiyaM puna bhayavaM usaho ya vIro ya // 7-32 // -mUlAcAra / sAmAyika cAritrakI apekSA vrata eka hotA hai, jise ahiMsAvrata athavA sarvasAvadyatyAgavata kahanA caahiye| vahI vrata chedopasthApanA cAritrakI apekSA paMca prakArakA-arthAt ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya, aura aparigraha rUpase varNana kiyA gayA hai; jaisA ki zrIpUjyapAda AcAryake nimna vAkyase prakaTa hai: "sarvasAvadhanivRttilakSaNasAmAyikApekSayA ekaM vrataM, tadeva chedopasthApanApekSayA paMcavidhamihocyate / " -srvaarthsiddhi| * yaha gAthA zvetAmbaroMkI 'Avazyakaniyukti meM bhI, jise bhadrabAhu zrutakevalIkI banAI huI kahA jAtA hai, naM0 1246 para, sAdhAraNase pATha bhedake sAtha, pAI jAtI hai|
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________________ 38 jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda isase spaSTa hai ki jaba mahAvIra bhagavAnase pahale ajitanAtha tIrthaMkaraparyaMta vratoMmeM satyavratAdikakI kalpanA nahIM thI, avibhaktarUpase eka ahiMsAvrata mAnA jAtA thA--sirpha ahiMsAko dharma aura hiMsAko pApa ginA jAtA thA--taba usa vakta muniyoMke ye aTThAIsa mUla guNa bhI nahIM the aura na zrAvakoMke vartamAna bAraha vrata bana sakate haiM-unakI saMkhyA bhI kucha aura hI thii| yaha saba bhedakalpanA mahAvIra bhagavAnake samayase huI hai| saMbhava hai ki mahAvIra bhagavAnako apane samayameM muniyoMko rAtribhojanake tyAgakI pRthakarUpase upadeza denekI jarUrata na par3I ho, usa vakta AlokitapAnabhojana nAmakI bhAvanA Adise hI kAma cala jAtA ho aura yaha jarUrata pIcheke kucha AcAyA~ko dvAdazavarSIya duSkAlake samayase paidA huI ho, jaba ki bahutase muni rAtriko bhojana karane lage the aura zAyada 'parakRtapradIpa' aura 'divAnIta' Adi hetuoMse apane pakSakA samarthana kiyA karate the / aura isa liye dUradarzI AcAryoMne usa vakta muniyoMke liye mahAvratoMke sAtha-unake anantara hI-rAtribhojanaviratikA eka pRthaka vratarUpase vidhAna karanA Avazyaka samajhA / vahI vidhAna abataka calA AtA hai| aisI hI hAlata chaThe aNuvratakI jAna par3atI hai| use bhI kisI samayake AcAryoMne jarUrI samajha kara usakA vidhAna kiyA hai| parantu - 1 bhojana hama dIpakake prakAzameM acchI tarahase dekha bhAlakara karate haiM, . aura dIpakako dUsarene svayaM jalAyA hai isaliye hameM usakA AraMbhAdika doSa bhI nahIM lgtaa| 2 bhojanake liye rAtriko vihAra karane AdikA jo doSa AtA thA so ThIka, parantu hama dinameM vidhipUrvaka gocarIke dvArA bhojana le Ate haiM aura rAtriko parakRta pradIpake prakAzameM acchI taraha dekha bhAlakara khA lete haiM, isaliye hameM koI doSa nahIM lgtaa|
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________________ aNuvrata aura rAtribhojanavirati 39 ina saba vidhi-vidhAnoMkA jainasiddhAntoM athavA mahAvIra bhagavAnake zAsanake sAtha koI virodha nahIM hai--sabakA Azaya aura uddezya sAvadya karmoMko chur3AnekA hai--yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki amuka AcAryane chaThe aNuvratakA vidhAna karake athavA muniyoMke liye pRthakarUpase eka naye vratakI IjAda karake mahAvIra bhagavAnakI AjJAkA ullaMghana kiyA athavA unmArga phailAyA hai / aisA kahanA bhUla hogA / mahAvIra bhagavAnane sAvadyakamake tyAgakA eka nusakhA ( oSadhikalpa ) batalAyA thA, jo usa samaya unake ziSyoMkI prakRtike bahuta anukUla thA / unake isa batalAnekA yaha Azaya nahIM thA ki dUsare samayoM meM ziSyoM kI prakRti badala jAnepara bhI ---- usameM kucha pheraphAra na kiyA jAya / isI - liye usameM avirodhadRSTise pheraphAra kiyA gayA hai aura aba bhI usI dRSTise kiyA jA sakatA hai / Aja yadi koI mahAtmA, vartamAna dezakAlakI paristhitiyoM aura AvazyakatAoMke anusAra aNuvratoMkI saMkhyA meM eka naye vratakI vRddhi karanA cAhe - arthAt, (udAharaNa ke taura para, L svadeza vastuvyavahAra' nAmakA sAtavA~ aNuvrata sthApita kare, to vaha khuzIse aisA kara sakatA hai / usameM bhI koI Apatti kiye jAnekI jarUrata nahIM hai / kyoMki ahiMsAtratakI rakSA ke liye ( ' ahiMsAtratarakSArthaM ' iti somadevaH) athavA pA~coM vratoMkI rakSA ke liye ( 'tesiM ceva vadANaM rakkhahUM' iti vakera : ) jisa prakAra ' rAtribhojanavirati ' kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai usI prakAra aparigraha -- parimita parigraha vratakI rakSA ke liye athavA ahiMsAdika pA~coM hI vratoMkI rakSA ke liye 'svadezavastuvyavahAra ' nAmakA vrata bahutahI upayogI jAna par3atA hai / Ajakala isakI bar3I jarUrata bhI hai-- videzI vastuoMke prabala pracAra ke kAraNa manuSyoMkA nAkoM dama hai, unameM itanI jarUrateM bar3ha gaI haiM aura itanI vilAsapriyatA
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________________ jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda chAgaI hai ki una sabake cakkara meM par3akara unheM dharmakarmakI prAya: kucha bhI nahIM sUjhatI / aura isaliye dharmakarmakA saba vidhi vidhAna pustakoMmeM hI rakkhA raha jAtA hai-- unheM apanI kRtrima AvazyakatAoMko pUrA karane se hI phursata nahIM milatI / ina saba ApattiyoM se bacane ke liye 'svadezavastuvyavahAra' nAmakA vrata eka amogha zAstrakA kAma degA / aise mahAn upayogI vratakA vidhAna kabhI mahAvIra bhagavAnake zAsanake viruddha nahIM ho sakatA aura na vaha jainasiddhAntoMke hI viruddha kahA jA sakatA hai / astu / 40 " yahA~, zvetAmbara AcAryoMkA dRSTise, maiM sirpha itanA aura batalAnA cAhatA hU~ ki unhoMne rAtribhojanaviratiko chaThA aNuvrata to nahIM mAnA, parantu sAdhuke 27 mUlaguNoMmeM use paMcamahAvratoM ke bAda chaThA vrata jarUra mAnA hai / zrAvakoMke liye zrIhemacandrAcArya ne rAtribhojanakeM tyAgakA vidhAna ' bhogopabhogaparimANa ' nAmake dUsare guNavratameM kiyA hai / parantu zrAvakaprajJApti ke kartA AcAryakA ukta guNavrata meM vaisA koI vidhAna nahIM hai | usake TIkAkAra zrIharibhadrasUri bhI vahA~ rAtribhojanake tyAgakA koI ullekha nahIM karate / unhoMne ' vRddhasampradAya rUpase jo prAkRta gadya apanI TIkAmeM uddhRta kiyA hai usameM bhI rAtri - bhojanake tyAgakI koI vidhi nahIM hai / zvetAmbarasampradAyakA mukhya grantha upAsakadazAMgasUtra bhI isa viSayameM mauna hai-- vaha ukta guNavratakA varNana karate hue rAtribhojanake tyAgakA kucha bhI ullekha nahIM karatA / ina saba bAtoM se aisA mAlUma hotA hai ki unake yahA~ ' bhogopabhogaparimANa' nAmake guNavrata meM rAtribhojanake tyAgakA koI khAsa niyama nahIM hai / anyathA, zrAvakaprajJaptike kartA yA kamase kama usake TIkAkAra usakA vahA~ ullekha z2arUra karate / sambhava hai ki isa viSaya meM ukta sampradAya ke
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________________ guNavrata aura zikSAvrata 41 AcAryoM meM aura bhI matabheda ho jo abhItaka apaneko mAlUma nahIM huaa| isa taraha AcAryoMke zAsanabheda-dvArase yaha aNuvratoMkI saMkhyA AdikA kucha vivecana kiyA gayA hai| aNuvratoMke svarUpa-viSayaka vizeSa bhedako phira kisI samaya dikhalAnekA yatna kiyA jAyagA / guNavrata aura zikSAtrata 14000471 jainadharmameM, aNuvratoM ke pazcAt, zrAvakake bAraha vratoMmeM tIna guNavratoM aura cAra zikSAvratoM kA vidhAna pAyA jAtA hai / ina sAtoM vratoMko sapta zIlavrata bhI kahate haiM / guNavratoMse abhiprAya una vratoMkA hai jo aNuvratoMke guNArtha arthAt upakAra ke liye niyata kiye gaye haiM-bhAvanAbhUta haiM-- athavA jinake dvArA aNuvratoMkI vRddhi tathA puSTi hotI hai / aura zikSAvrata unheM kahate haiM jinakA mukhya prayojana zikSA arthAt abhyAsa hai ---- jo zikSAke sthAnaka tathA abhyAsake viSaya haiM ---- athavA zikSAkI vidyopAdAnakI -- jinameM pradhAnatA hai aura jo viziSTa zrutajJAnabhAvanAkI pariNatidvArA nirvAha kiye jAneke yogya hote haiM / inameM guNatrata prAyaH yAvajjIvika kahalAte haiM; arthAt, unake dhAraNakA niyama prAyaH jIvanabharake liye hotA hai--ve pratisamaya pAlana kiye jAte haiMaura zikSAvrata yAvajjIvika na hokara pratidina tathA niyata divasAdikake vibhAgase abhyasanIya hote haiM-- unakA abhyAsa pratisamaya nahIM huA karatA, unheM parimitakAlabhAvita samajhanA cAhiye / yahI saba ina donoM
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________________ jainAcAryakA zAsanabheda prakAra ke vratoM meM paraspara ullekhayogya bheda pAyA jAtA hai * / yadyapi ina donoM jAtike vratoMkI saMkhyA meM koI Apatti mAlUma nahIM hotI - prAyaH sabhI AcAryoMne, jinhoMne guNavrata aura zikSAvratakA vidhAna kiyA hai, guNatratoM kI saMkhyA tIna aura zikSAvratoMkI saMkhyA cAra batalAI hai - to bhI inake bheda tathA svarUpAdikake pratipAdanameM kucha AcAryoMke paraspara matabheda hai / usI matabhedako sthUlarUpa se dikhalAnekA yahA~para yatna kiyA jAtA hai: 42 * yathA: 1 - anuvRMhaNAdguNAnAmAkhyAnti guNavratAnyAryAH / - iti svAmisamantabhadraH / 2 - " guNArthamaNuvratAnAmupakArArthavrataM guNavataM / zikSAyai abhyAsAya vrataM dezAvakAzikAdInAM pratidivasAbhyasanIyatvAt / ataeva guNavatAdasya bhedaH / guNavataM hi prAyo yAvajjIvikamAhuH / athavA zikSAvidyopAdAnaM zikSApradhAnaM vrataM zikSAvataM dezAvakAzikAdeviziSTazrutajJAnabhAvanApariNatatvenaiva nirvAhyatvAt / " "zikSAvratatvaM cAsya zikSApradhAnatvAt parimitakAlaM bhavitvAcca / " -- ityAzAdharaH, svasAgaradharmAmRtaTIkAyAM / 3 - " aNuvratAnAM paripAlanAya bhAvanAbhUtAni guNavratAni / " 'zikSApadAni ca zikSAvatAni vA tatra zikSA abhyAsaH sa ca cAritranibandhanaviziSTakriyAkalApaviSayastasya padAni sthAnAni tadviSayAni vA vratAni zikSAvatAni / " 66 - iti zrAvakaprajJaptiTIkAyAM, haribhadraH / 4 - " zIlaM ca guNazikSAvrataM / tatra guNavratAni aNuvratAnAM bhAvanAbhUtAni / yathANuvratAni tathA guNavratAnyapi sakRdgRhItAni yAvajIvaM bhAvanIyAni / "..." zikSA'bhyAsastasyAH padAni sthAnAni abhyAsaviSayastAnyeva vratAni zikSApadavatAnIti / guNavratAni tu na pratidivasagrAhyANi sakRdgrahaNAnyeva | - iti tattvArthasUtrasya svasvaTIkAyAM siddhasenagaNiH yazobhadrazca /
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________________ guNavrata aura zikSAvrata (1) zrIkundakundAcArya, apane 'cAritrapahuDa' meM, ina vratoMke bhedoMkA pratipAdana isa prakArase karate haiM:disavidisamANa paDhama aNatthadaMDassa vajaNaM vidiyaM / bhogopabhogaparimA iyameva guNavvayA tiNi // 25 // sAmAiyaM ca paDhamaM vidiyaM ca taheva posahaM bhaNiyaM / taiyaM atihIpujaM cautthaM saMlehaNA aMte // 26 // arthAt-1 dizAvidizAoMkA parimANa, 2 anarthadaMDakA tyAga aura 3 bhogopabhogakA parimANa, ye hI tIna guNavrata haiN| 1 sAmAyika, 2 proSadha, 3atithipUjana aura 4 antameM sallekhanA, ye cAra zikSAvrata haiN| 'devasena' aura 'zivakoThi' nAmake AcAryoMne bhI apane apane pranthoM meM isI matakA pratipAdana kiyA hai / yathA: disividisipaJcakkhANaM aNatthadaMDANa hoha prihaaro| bhoopabhoyasaMkhA eehu guNavvayA tiNi // 354 / / deve thuvai tiyAle pavve pavve suposahovAsaM / atihINa saMvibhAgo maraNaMte kuNai sallihaNaM // 355 // -bhAvasaMgrahe, devasenaH / ( yahA~ 'deve thuvai tiyAle' (trikAladevavandanA) se 'sAmAyika' kA abhiprAya hai| guNavatAnAmAdyaM syAdivataM tada dvitIyakam / anarthadaNDaviratistRtIyaM praNigadyate // 16 // bhogopabhogasaMkhyAnaM, zikSAtratamidaM bhavet / sAmAyikaM proSadhopavAso'tithiSu pUjanam // 17 // mAraNAntikasallekha ityevaM taccatuSTayam / ....18 // ratnamAlAyAM, shivkottiH|
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________________ 44 jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda - (2) tattvArthasUtrake praNetA zrIumAsvAti AcAryane yadyapi apane sUtrameM 'guNavata' aura 'zikSAvrata' aisA spaSTa nAmollekha nahIM kiyA, to bhI sAtaveM adhyAyameM saptazIla vratoMkA jisa kramase nirdeza kiyA hai usase mAlUma hotA hai ki unhoMne 1 digvirati, 2 dezavirati, 3 anarthadaNDaviratiko guNavata; aura 1 sAmAyika, 2 proSadhopavAsa, 3 upabhogaparibhogaparimANa, 4 atithisaMvibhAgako zikSAvata mAnA hai / yathAH digdezAnarthadaMDaviratisAmAyikaproSadhopavAsopabhogaparibhogaparimANAtithisaMvibhAgavatasampannazca / isa sUtrakI TIkAmeM--' sarvArthasiddhimeM 'zrIpUjyapAda AcArya bhI "digviratiH, dezaviratiH, anarthadaMDaviratiriti / etAni trINi guNavatAni" isa vAkyake dvArA pahale tIna vratoMko guNavrata sUcita karate haiN| aura isaliye bAkIke cAroM vrata zikSAvrata haiM, yaha svataH spaSTa ho jAtA hai; kyoMki zIlavata guNazikSAvatAtmaka kahalAte haiN| saptazIlAni guNavratazikSAvratavyapadezabhAMjIti / / aisA, zlokavArtikameM, zrIvidyAnanda AcAryakA bhI vAkya hai / isase umAsvAti AcAryakA zAsana, aura saMbhavataH unake samarthaka zrIpUjyapAda aura vidyAnandaAcAryakA zAsana bhI, isa viSayameM, kundakundAcArya Adike zAsanase ekadama vibhinna jAna par3atA hai| umAsvAtine sallekhanAko zikSAvratoMmeM to kyA, zrAvakake bAraha vratoMmeM bhI varNana nahIM kiyA, balki vratoMke anantara use eka judA hI dharma pratipAdana kiyA hai, jisakA anuSThAna muni aura zrAvaka donoM kiyA karate haiM / isake sivAya, unhoMne guNavratoMmeM 'dezavirati' nAmake eka naye vratakI kalpanA kI hai aura, sAtha hI, bhogopabhogaparimANa vratako guNavatoMse
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________________ guNavrata aura zikSAbata nikAla kara zikSAvratoMmeM dAkhila kiyA hai| tattvArthasUtrake TIkAkAroM pUjyapAda, akalaMkadeva aura vidyAnandameMse kisIne unake isa kathanapara koI Apatti nahIM kii| balki vidyAnandane eka vAkyadvArA sApha taurase sallekhanAko alaga dikhalAyA hai aura yaha pratipAdana kiyA hai ki 'jisaprakAra muniyoMke mahAvrata aura zIlavrata samyaktvapUrvaka tathA sallekhanAnta hote haiM usI prakAra gRhasthake paMca aNuvrata aura guNavatazikSAvratake vibhAgako liye hue, saptazIlavrata bhI samyaktvapUrvaka tathA sallekhanAnta samajhane caahiyeN| arthAt , ina vratoMse pahale samyaktvakI jarUrata hai aura antameM-mRtyuke saMnikaTa honepara-sallekhanA, saMnyAsa athavA samAdhikA vidhAna honA cAhiye / ' vaha vAkya isa prakAra hai: "tena gRhasthasya paMcANuvratAni saptazIlAni guNavatazikSAvratavyapadezabhAMjIti dvAdazadIkSAbhedAH samyaktvapUrvakAH sallekhanAtAzca mahAvratatacchIlavat / " isa vAkyameM gRhasthake bArahavratoMko 'dvAdaza dIkSAbheda' prakaTa kiyA hai, jisase una logoMkA bahuta kucha samAdhAna ho sakatA hai jo abhItaka yaha samajhe hue haiM ki zrAvakake bArahavratoMkA yugapat hI grahaNa hotA hai, kramazaH athavA vyasta rUpase nahIM / __hA~, zvetAmbara TIkAkAroMmeM zrIsiddhasenagaNi aura yazobhadrajIne umAsvAtike ukta sUtrapara kucha Apatti jarUra kI hai / unhoMne, digviratike bAda dezaviratike kathanako paramAgamake kramase vibhinna sUcita karate hue, eka prazna khar3A kiyA hai aura usake dvArA yaha vikalpa uThAyA hai ki, jaba paramAgamameM guNavatoMkA kramase nirdeza karaneke bAda zikSAvratoMkA upadeza diyA gayA hai to phira sUtrakAra
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________________ 46 jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda (umAsvAti ) ne usake viruddha bhinnakrama kisa liye rakkhA hai| arthAt digviratyAdi guNavratoMkA kathana pUrA kiye binA hI bIcameM 'dezavirati' nAmake zikSAvratakA upadeza kyoM diyA hai ? aura phira Age svayaM hI isa kramabhaMgake AropakA samAdhAna kiyA hai / yathAH__ "saMprati kramanirdiSTaM dezavatamucyate / atrAha vakSyati bhagavAn deshtrtN| paramArSapravacanakramaH kaimodbhinnaH sUtrakAreNa / ArSe tu guNavatAni krameNAdizya zikSAvratAnyupadiSTAni sUtrakAreNa tvnythaa| tatrAyamabhiprAyaH pUrvato yojanazataparimitaM gamanamabhigRhItaM na cAsti saMbhavo yatpratidivasaM tAvatI digavagA. hyA'tastadanaMtaramevopadiSTaM dezavatamiti / deze bhAge'vasthApana pratipradinaM pratipraharaM pratikSaNamiti sukhaavbodhaarthmnythaakrmH|" __ isa avataraNameM kramabhaMgake AropakA jo samAdhAna kiyA gayA hai aura usakA jo abhiprAya batalAyA gayA hai, vaha isa prakAra hai: pahalese sau yojana gamanakA parimANa grahaNa kiyA thA, paraMtu yaha saMbhava nahIM ki prati dina itane parimANameM dizAoMkA avagAhana ho sake isa liye usake ( digvatake ) bAda hI dezavratakA upadeza diya gayA hai| isa taraha sukhase samajhameM Aneke liye ( sukhAvabodhArtha ) sUtrakArane yaha bhinnakrama rakkhA hai|' jo vidvAna niSpakSa vicAraka haiM unheM Uparake ina samAdhAnavAkyoMse kucha bhI saMtoSa nahIM ho sakatA / vAstavameM inake dvArA AropakA kucha bhI samAdhAna nahIM ho sakA / dezavratako digvatake anantara rakhanese vaha bhale prakAra samajhameM A jAtA hai, bAdako rakhanese vaha samajhameM na AtA yA kaThinatAse samajhameM AtA, aisA kucha bhI nahIM hai| aura
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________________ 47 guNavrata aura zikSAvrata isa liye 'sukhAvabodha' nAmake jisa hetukA prayoga kiyA gayA hai vaha kucha kAryasAdhaka mAlUma nahIM hotaa| sUtrakAra jaise vidvAnoMse aisI bar3I galatI kabhI nahIM ho sakatI ki ve, jAnate bujhate aura mAnate hue bhI, svAmakhvAha eka jAtike vratako dUsarI jAtike vratoMmeM zAmila kara deM, unheM aisI bAtoMkA khAsa khayAla rahatA hai aura isI liye unhoMne apane sUtrameM aneka bAtoMko, kisI na kisI vizeSatAke pratipAdanArtha, alaga alaga vibhaktiyoMdvArA dikhalAnekI ceSTA bhI kI hai| yahA~ kramanirdezase hI guNavrata aura zikSAvrata alaga ho jAte haiM, isa liye kisI vibhaktidvArA unheM alaga alaga dikhalAnekI jarUrata nahIM pdd'ii| hA~, digdezAnartha daMDake bAda 'virati' zabda lagAkara ina tInoM vratoMkI ekajAtIyatA aura dUsare vratoMse vibhinnatAko kucha sUcita jarUra kiyA hai, aisA mAlUma hotA hai / yadi umAsvAtiko 'dezavirati' nAmake vratakA zikSAvata honA iSTa hotA to koI vajaha nahIM thI ki ve usakA yathAsthAna nirdeza na krte| tattvArthAdhigamabhASyameM bhI, jise svayaM umAsvAtikA banAyA huA bhASya batalAyA jAtA hai, isa viSayakA koI spaSTIkaraNa nahIM hai| yadi umAsvAtine sukhAvabodhake liye hI (jo prAyaH siddha nahIM hai) yaha kramabhaMga kiyA hotA aura tattvArthAdhigamabhASya svayaM unhIMkA svopajJa TIkAgraMtha thA to ve usameM apanI isa bAtakA spaSTIkaraNa jarUra karate, aisA hRdaya kahatA hai| paraMtu vaisA nahIM pAyA jAtA aura na unakI isa sukhAvabodhinI vRttikA zvetAmbara sampradAyameM pIchese kucha anukaraNa dekhA jAtA hai| isa liye, vinA isa bAtako svIkAra kiye ki umAsvAti AcArya 'dezavirati' nAmake vratako guNavrata aura 'upabhogaparibhogaparimANa' nAmake vratako zikSAbata mAnate the, ukta kramabhaMgake AropakA samucita samAdhAna nahIM bntaa| mujhe to aisA
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________________ jainAcAryokA zAsanabheda mAlUma hotA hai ki zvetAmbarasampradAyake Agama graMthoMse tattvArthasUtrakI vidhi ThIka milAneke liye hI yaha saba khIMcAtAnI kI gaI hai| anyathA, umAsvAti AcAryakA mata isa viSayameM vahI mAlUma hotA hai jo isa nambara (2) ke zurUmeM dikhalAyA gayA hai aura jisakA samarthana zrIpUjyapAdAdi AcAryoMke vAkyoMse bhale prakAra hotA hai| aura bhI bahutase AcArya tathA vidvAn isa matako mAnanevAle hue haiM, jinameMse kuchake vAkya nIce uddhRta kiye jAte haiM: digdezAnarthadaMDAnAM viratistritayAzrayam / guNavatatrayaM sadbhiH sAgArayatiSu smRtam / / Adau sAmAyikaM karma prossdhopaasnkriyaa| sevyArthaniyamo dAnaM zikSAbatacatuSTayaM // -yazastilake, somdevH| ( yahA~ 'sevyArthaniyama' se upabhogaparibhogaparimANakA aura 'dAna' se atithisaMvibhAgakA artha samajhanA caahiye| ) sthavIyasI viratimabhyupagatasya zrAvakasya vratavizeSo guNavratatraya zikSAbatacatuSTayaM zIlasaptakamityucyate / digviratiH, dezaviratiH, anarthadaMDaviratiH, sAmAyika, proSadhopavAsaH, upabhogaparibhogaparimANaM, atithisaMvibhAgazceti / -cAritrasAre, shriicaamuNddraayH| digdezAnarthadaMDebhyo viratiryA vidhIyate jinezvarasamAkhyAtaM trividhaM tadguNavataM // -subhASitaratnasaMdohe, abhitagatiH /
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________________ guNavrata aura zikSAvrata zikSAvataM caturmedaM sAmAyikamupoSitam / bhogopabhogasaMkhyAnaM saMvibhAgo'zane'titheH // 19-83 // -dharmaparIkSAyAM, amitagatiH / digdezAnarthadaMDebhyo yatridhA vinivartanam / potAyate bhavAmbhodhau trividhaM tadgaNavratam // bhogopbhogsNkhyaanN....| tRtIyaM tattadAkhyaM syaat....|| -dharmazarmAbhyudaye, shriihricNdrH| Uparake ina saba avataraNoMse sApha prakaTa hai ki zrIsomadevasari, cAmuMDarAya, amitagati AcArya aura zrIharicaMdrajIne digvirati, dezavirati, anarthadaMDavirati ina tInoMko guNavrata aura sAmAyika, proSadhopavAsa, bhogopabhogaparimANa, atithisaMvibhAga, ina cAroMko zikSAvrata varNana kiyA hai / sAtha hI, ina sabhI vidvAnoMne bhI sallekhanAko zrAvakake bAraha vratoMse alaga eka judA dharma pratipAdana kiyA hai| isa liye inakA zAsana bhI, isa viSayameM zrIkuMdakuMdAcAryake zAsanase vibhinna hai| paraMtu use umAsvAtike zAsanake anukUla samajhanA cAhiye / (3) svAmI samaMtabhadra apanA zAsana, isa viSayameM, kuMdakuMda aura umAsvAtike zAsanase kucha bhinnAbhinnarUpase sthApita karate hue, apane ' ratnakaraMDaka' nAmake upAsakAdhyayanameM, ina vratoMkA pratipAdana isa prakArase karate haiM: dikhatamanarthadaMDavrataM ca bhogopabhogaparimANam / anubRMhaNAdgaNAnAmAkhyAnti guNavratAnyAryAH / / dezAvakAzikaM vA sAmayika proSadhopavAso vaa| vaiyyAvRtyaM zikSApratAni catvAri ziSTAni //
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________________ . jainAcAryokA zAsanabheda ___ arthAt-digvata, anarthadaMDavata aura bhogopabhogaparimANa, ina tIna broMke dvArA guNoMkI ( aNuvratoMkI athavA samantabhadra-pratipAdita aSTa mUlaguNoMkI) vRddhi tathA puSTi honese Arya puruSa inheM guNavrata kahate haiM / dezAvakAzika, sAmAyika, proSadhopavAsa aura vaiyyAvRtya, ye cAra zikSAvrata batalAye gaye haiN| __isase spaSTa hai ki guNavatoMke sambandhameM svAmI samantabhadra aura kundakundAcAryakA zAsana eka hai| parantu zikSAvratoMke sambandhameM vaha eka nahIM hai| samaMtabhadrane 'sallekhanA' ko zikSAvratoMmeM nahIM rakkhA balki usakI jagaha 'dezAvakAzika' nAmake eka dUsare vratakI tajavIz2a kI hai aura use zikSAvratoMmeM sabase pahalA sthAna pradAna kiyA hai / rahI umAsvAtike sAtha tulanAkI bAta, samantabhadrakA zAsana umAsvAtike zAsanase donoM hI prakArake vratoMmeM kucha vibhinna hai / umAsvAtine jisa 'dezavirati' vratako dUsarA guNavrata batalAyA hai samantabhadrane use 'dezAvakAzika' nAmase pahalA zikSAvrata pratipAdana kiyA hai / aura samantabhadrane jisa 'bhogopabhogaparimANa' nAmake vratako guNavatoMmeM tIsare nambara para rakkhA hai use umAsvAtine zikSAvratoMmeM tIsarA sthAna pradAna kiyA hai| isake sivAya, 'atithisaMvibhAga' ke sthAnameM 'vaiyyAvRtya' ko rakhakara samantabhadrane usakI vyApakatAko kucha adhika bar3hA diyA hai| usase aba kevala dAnakA hI prayojana nahIM rahA balki usameM saMyamI puruSoMkI dUsarI prakArakI sevA Tahala bhI A jAtI hai| isI bAtakA spaSTIkaraNa karaneke liye AcAryamahodayane, apane granthameM, dAnArtha-pratipAdaka padyase bhinna eka dUsarA padya bhI diyA hai jo isa prakAra hai: vyApattivyapanodaH padayoH saMvAhanaM ca guNarAgAt / vaiyAvRtyaM yAvAnupagraho'nyopi saMyaminAm / /
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________________ guNavata aura zikSAvata paM0 AzAdharajIne apane sAgAradharmAmRtameM ina vratoMkA kathana prAyaH svAmI samantabhadrake matAnusAra hI kiyA hai / guNavratoMkA kathana prAraMbha karate hue, TIkA, 'Ahurbuvanti svAmimatAnusAriNaH' isa vAkyake dvArA unhoMne svAmI samantabhadrake matakI auroMse bhinnatA aura apanI usake sAtha anukUlatAko khule zabdoMmeM udghoSita kiyA hai / parantu zikSAvratoMkA prAraMbha karate hue TIkAmeM aisA koI vAkya nahIM diyA, jisakA kAraNa zAyada yaha mAlUma hotA hai ki unhoMne samantabhadrake 'vaiyyAvRtya' nAmaka cauthe zikSAvratake sthAnameM umAsvAtike 'atithisaMvibhAga' vratako hI rakhanA pasaMda kiyA hai / aura usakA lakSaNa bhI dAnArtha-pratipAdaka kiyA hai / yathAH vratamatithisaMvibhAgaH pAtravizeSAya vidhivizeSeNa / dravyavizeSavitaraNaM dAtRvizeSasya phalavizeSAya // 5-41 // 'dezAvakAzika' vratakA varNana karate hue, TIkAmeM, paM0 AzAdharajIne likhA hai ki, zikSAkI pradhAnatA aura parimitakAla-bhAvitapanekI vajahase isa vratako zikSAktatvakI prApti hai| yaha divratake samAna yAvajjIvika nahIM hotaa| parantu tattvArthasUtra AdikameM jo ise guNavrata mAnA so vahA~ isakA lakSaNa digvratako saMkSipta karane mAtra vivakSita mAlUma hotA hai| sAtha hI, vahA~ ise dUsare guNavratAdikoMkA saMkSepa karaneke liye upalakSaNa rUpase pratipAdita samajhanA caahiye| anyathA, dUsare vratoMke saMkSepako yadi alaga alaga vrata kara diyA jAtA to vratoMkI 'bAraha' saMkhyA virodha AtA / yathAH "zikSAktatvaM cAsya zikSApradhAnatvAtparimitakAlabhAvitvAcocyate / na khalvetadigvratavadyAvajjIvikamapISyati / yattu tattvAthodI guNavratatvamasya zrUyate tadigvatasaMkSepaNalakSaNatvamAtrasyeva
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________________ jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda vivakSitvAllakSyate / digvatasaMkSepakaraNaM cAtrA(nya)guNavratAdisaMkSepakaraNasyApyupalakSaNaM draSTavyaM / eSAmapi saMkSepasyAvazyakatevyatvAtprativrataM ca saMkSepakaraNasya bhinnavratatve guNAH syudvAdazeti saMkhyAvirodhaH syAt / " ___paM0 AzAdharajIke ina vAkyoMse yaha bAta aura bhI spaSTa ho jAtI hai ki umAsvAtikA zAsana, cAhe vaha kisI bhI vivakSAse* kyoM na ho, isa viSayameM samantabhadrake zAsanase aura una zvetAmbara AcAryoMke zAsanase vibhinna hai jinhoMne 'dezAvakAzika' ko zikSAvrata pratipAdana kiyA hai / (4) svAmikArtikeyane, apane 'anupekSA' pranthameM dezAvakAzikako cauthA zikSAvrata pratipAdana kiyA hai| arthAt , zikSAvratoMmeM use pahalA darjA na dekara antakA darjA pradAna kiyA hai / sAtha hI, usake svarUpameM dizAoMke parimANako saMkocaneke sAtha sAtha indriyoM ke viSayoMko arthAt bhogopabhogake parimANako bhI saMkocanekA vidhAna kiyA hai / yathAH puvvapamANakadANaM savvadisINaM puNovi saMvaraNaM / indriyavisayANa tahA puNovi jo kuNadi saMvaraNaM // 367 // vAsAdikayapamANaM diNediNe lohakAmasamaNatthaM / sAvajjavajjaNahaM tassa cautthaM vayaM hodi // 368 // * paM0 AzAdharajIne jisa vivakSAkA ullekha kiyA hai usake anusAra 'dezavrata' guNavata ho sakatA hai aura usakA niyama bhI yAvajjIvake liye kiyA jA sakatA hai| isI taraha bhogopabhogaparimANa yAvajjIvika bhI hotA hai, aisA na mAnakara yadi use niyatakAlika hI mAnA jAve to isa vivakSAse vaha zikSAvratoMmeM bhI. jA sakatA hai| vivakSAse kevala virodhakA parihAra hotA hai / paraMtu zAsanabheda: aura bhI adhikatAke sAtha dRDha tathA spaSTa ho jAtA hai|
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________________ guNavrata aura zikSAbata isa taraha unake isa vratakA krama tathA viSaya samantabhadrake krama tathA viSayase kucha bhinna hai aura isa bhinnatAke kAraNa dUsare zikSAvratoMke kramameM bhI bhinnatA A gaI hai-unake nambara badala gaye haiM / isake sivAya, svAmikArtikeyane 'vaiyyAvRtya' ke sthAnameM 'dAna' kA hI vidhAna kiyA hai * / ina saba vibhinnatAoMke sivAya, anya prakArase unakA zAsana, isa viSayameM, samantabhadrake zAsanase prAyaH milatA julatA hai| aura isa liye yaha kahanemeM koI saMkoca nahIM ho sakatA ki svAmikArtikeyakA zAsana kundakunda, umAsvAti, pUjyapAda, vidyAnanda, somadeva, amitagati aura kucha samantabhadrake zAsanase bhI bhinna hai| (5) zrIjinasenAcArya, 'AdipurANa' ke 10veM parvameM, likhate haiM: digdezAnarthadaMDebhyo viratiH syAdgaNavratam / bhogopabhogasaMkhyAnamapyAhustadguNavatam // 65 // samatAM proSadhavidhi tathaivAtithisaMgraham / maraNAnte ca saMnyAsaM prAhuH zikSAvatAnyapi // 66 // arthAta-digvirati, dezavirati, anarthadaMDavirati, ye (tIna) guNavata haiM; bhogopabhogaparimANako bhI guNavrata kahate haiN| samatA ( sAmAyika), proSadhavidhi, atithisaMgraha (atithipUjana ) aura maraNake saMnikaTa hone para saMnyAsa, ina (cAroM) ko zikSAvrata kahate haiN| isase mAlUma hotA hai ki zrIjinasenAcAryakA mata, isa viSayameM, samantabhadrake matase bahuta kucha bhinna hai| unhoMne dezaviratiko zikSAvratoMmeM na rakha kara umAsvAti tathA pUjyapAdAdike sadRza use guNavratoMmeM * "dANaM jo dedi sayaM NavadANavihIhiM sNjutto|| sikkhAvayaM ca tidiyaM tassa hve......||
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________________ 54 jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda rakkhA hai, aura sAtha hI saMnyAsa (sallekhanA) ko bhI zikSAbata pratipAdana kiyA hai| isake sivAya, bhogopabhogaparimANako bhI jo unhoMne guNavrata sUcita kiyA hai use kevala samantabhadrAdike matakA ullekha mAtra samajhanA cAhiye / anyathA, guNavratoMkI saMkhyA cAra ho jAyagI, aura yaha mata prAyaH sabhIse bhinna tthhregaa| hA~, itanA jarUra hai ki isameM guNavratasambandhI prAyaH sabhI matoMkA samAveza ho jAyagA / zikSAvratoMke sambandhameM ApakA mata, kundakundako chor3akara, umAsvAti, pUjyapAda, vidyAnanda, somadeva, amitagati, samantabhadra aura svAmikArtikeya Adi prAyaH sabhI AcAryoMse bhinna pAyA jAtA hai| (6) zrIvasunandI AcAryane, apane zrAvakAcArameM, zikSAvratoMke 1 bhogavirati, 2 paribhoganivRtti, 3 atithisaMvibhAga aura 4 sallekhanA, ye cAra nAma diye haiM / yathAH "taM bhoyavirai bhaNiyaM paDhamaM sikkhAvayaM sutte / " "taM paribhoyaNivutti vidiyaM sikkhAvayaM jANe / " "atihissa saMvibhAgo tidiyaM sikkhAvayaM muNeyavvaM / " " sallekhaNaM cautthaM sutte sikhAvayaM bhaNiyaM / " isase spaSTa hai ki vasunandI AcAryakA zAsana, isa viSayameM, pahale kahe hue sabhI AcAryoMke zAsanase ekadama vibhinna hai / Apane bhogaparibhogaparimANa nAmake vratako, jise kisIne guNavrata aura kisIne zikSAbata mAnA thA, do Tukar3oMmeM vibhAjita karake unheM zikSAvatoMmeM sabase pahale do vratoMkA sthAna pradAna kiyA hai aura bhogaviratike sambandhameM likhA hai ki use sUtrameM pahalA zikSAbata batalAyA hai| mAlUma nahIM vaha kaunasA sUtra-grantha hai, jisameM kevala bhogaviratiko prathama zikSAvrata
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________________ guNavata aura zikSAvata 55. pratipAdana kiyA hai| isake sivAya, Apane sAmAyika aura proSadhopavAsa nAmake do vratoMko, jinheM uparyukta sabhI AcAryoMne zikSAtratoM meM rakkhA hai, ina vratoMkI paMktimeMse hI kataI nikAla DAlA hai / zAyada Apako yaha khayAla huA ho ki, jaba 'sAmAyika' aura 'proSadhopavAsa' nAmakI do pratimAe~ hI alaga haiM taba vratika pratimAmeM ina donoM vratoM ke rakhanekI kyA jarUrata hai aura isI liye Apako vahA~se ina vratoMke nikAlane kI jarUrata par3I ho, athavA isa nikAlanekI koI dUsarI hI vajaha ho / kucha bhI ho, yahA~ maiM, isa viSaya meM, kucha vizeSa vicAra upasthita karanekI jarUrata nahIM samajhatA / parantu itanA jarUra kahU~gA ki bAraha vratoM meM vratika pratimA meM sAmAyika aura proSadhopavAsa zIlarUpa se nirdiSTa haiM aura apane apane nAmakI pratimAoM meM ve vratarUpase pratipAdita hue haiM * / 'zIla' kA lakSaNa akalaMkadeva aura vidyAnandane, apane apane vArtikoMmeM ' vrataparirakSaNa' kiyA hai| pUjyapAda bhI ' vrataparirakSaNArtha zIlaM ' aisA likhate haiM / jisa prakAra paridhiyA~ nagarakI rakSA karatI haiM usI prakAra 'zIla' vratoMkI pAlanA karate haiM, aisA zrIamRtacandra AcAryakA kahanA hai x / zvetAmbarAcArya zrI siddhasenagaNi aura yazobhadrajI bhI aNuvratoMkI dRr3hatA ke liye zIlavatoM kA upadeza batalAte haiM / ataH ahiMsAdika vratoMkI rakSA, * yatprAkU sAmAyikaM zIlaM tadvataM pratimAvataH / yathA tathA proSadhopavAso'pItyatra yuktivAk // - sAgAradharmAmRte, AzAdharaH / x paridhaya iva nagarANi vratAni kila pAlayanti zIlAni / - puruSArthasiddhayupAyaH / * pratipannasyANuvratasyAgAriNasteSAmevANuvratAnAM dAryApAdanAya zIlopadezaH / ||---tattvArtha sUtraTIkA /
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________________ jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda, paripAlanA aura dRDhatA sampAdana karanA hI saptazIloMkA mukhya uddezya hai / aura isa dRSTise saptazIloMmeM varNita sAmAyika aura proSadhopavAsako nagarakI paridhi aura zasyakI vRti ( dhAnyakI bAr3a) ke samAna aNuvratoMke parirakSaka samajhanA cAhiye / vahA~ para mukhyatayA rakSaNIya vratoMkI rakSAke liya unakA kevala abhyAsa hotA hai, ve svatantra vrata nahIM hote| parantu apanI apanI pratimAoMmeM jAkara ve svatantra vrata bana jAte haiM aura taba paridhi athavA vRti (bAr3a) ke samAna dUsaroMke kevala rakSaka na rahakara nagara athavA zasyakI taraha svayaM pradhAnatayA rakSaNIya ho jAte haiM aura unakA usa samaya niraticAra pAlana kiyA jAtA hai * | yahI ina vratoMkI donoM avasthAoMmeM paraspara bheda pAyA jAtA hai| mAlUma nahIM ukta vasunandI saiddhAntikane, zrIkundakunda, zivakoTi, tathA devasenAcArya aura jinasenAcAryane bhI, sallekhanAko zikSAvatoMmeM ___ * sAticAra aura niraticArakA yaha matabheda 'lATIsaMhitA'ke nimna vAkyase jAnA jAtA hai: "sAticAraM tu tatra syAdatrAtIcAravarjitam / " isa saMhitAmeM yaha bhI likhA haiM ki vratapratimAmeM yadi kisI samaya kisI vajahase ina sAmAyikAdika vratoMkA anuSThAna na kiyA jAya to usase vratako hAni nahIM pahu~catI, parantu apanI pratimAmeM jAkara unake na karanese jarUra hAni pahu~catI hai| jaisA ki sAmAyika-viSayake usake nimna vAkyoMse prakaTa hai: tatra hetuvazAtkApi kuryAtkuryAnavA kvacit / sAticAravatatvAdvA tathApi na vrtksstiH|| atrAvazyaM trikAle'pi kArya sAmAyikaM ca yat / bhanyathA vratahAniH syAdatIcArasya kA kthaa||
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________________ guNavata aura zikSAbata kyoM rakkhA hai, jabakI zikSAvrata abhyAsake liye niyata kiye gaye haiM aura sallekhanA maraNake sannikaTa honepara eka bAra grahaNa kI jAtI hai, usakA punaH punaH anuSThAna nahIM hotA aura isaliye usake dvArA prAyaH koI abhyAsavizeSa nahIM banatA / dUsare, pratimAoMkA viSaya apane apane pUrvaguNoMke sAtha krama-vivRddha batalAyA gayA hai| arthAt , uttara-uttarakI pratimAoMmeM, apane apane guNoMke sAtha, pUrva-pUrvakI pratimAoMke sAre guNa vidyamAna hone cAhiye / bAraha vratoMmeM salekhanAko sthAna denese 'vratika' nAmakI dUsarI pratimA usakI pUrti Avazyaka ho jAtI hai| vinA usa guNakI pUrtike agalI pratimAoMmeM ArohaNa nahIM ho sakatA aura salekhanAkI pUrtipara zarIrakI hI samApti ho jAtI hai, phira agalI pratimAoMkA anuSThAna kaise bana sakatA hai ? ataH sallekhanAko zikSAbata mAnakara dUsarI pratimA rakhanese tIsarI sAmAyikAdi pratimAoMkA anuSThAna azakya ho jAtA hai aura ve kevala kathanamAtra raha jAtI haiM, yaha bar3A doSa AtA hai| isa para vidvAnoMko vicAra karanA cAhiye / isI liye prasaMga pAkara yahA~ para yaha vikalpa uThAyA gayA hai| sambhava hai ki aise hI kinhIM kAraNoMse samantabhadra, umAstrAti, somadeva, amitagati aura svAmikArtikeyAdi AcAryoMne sallekhanAko zikSAvratoMmeM sthAna na diyA ho, athavA vasunandI AdikakA sallekhanAko zikSAbata karAra denemeM koI dUsarA hI hetu ho| unheM pratimAoMke viSayakA apane pUrva guNoMke sAtha vivRddha * zrAvakapadAni devairekAdaza dezitAni yeSu khalu / svaguNAH pUrvaguNaiH saha tiSThante kramavivRddhAH // -ratnakaraNDake, samantabhadraH /
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________________ 58 jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda honA hI iSTa na ho| kucha bhI ho, usake mAlUma honekI jarUrata hai| aura usase AcAryoMkA zAsanabheda aura bhI adhikatAke sAtha vyakta hogaa| guNavratoMke sambandhameM bhI vasunandIkA zAsana samantabhadrAdike zAsanase vibhinna hai unhoMne digvirati, dezavirati aura saMbhavataH anarthadaMDaviratiko guNavata karAra diyA hai / anarthadaMDake sAthameM 'saMbhavataH' zabda isa vajahase lagAyA gayA hai ki unhoMne apane pranthameM usakA nAma nahIM diyaa| aura lakSaNa athavA svarUpa jo diyA hai vaha isa prakAra hai: ayadaMDapAsavikaya kUDatulAmANakUrasattANaM / jaM saMgaho Na kIrai taM jANa guNavvayaM tidiyaM // isameM loheke daMDa-pAzako na becane aura jhUThI tarAjU, jhUThe bATa. tathA krUra jantuoMke saMgraha na karaneko tIsarA guNavrata batalAyA gayA hai| anarthadaMDakA yaha lakSaNa athavA svarUpa samantabhadrAdikake paMcabhedAtmaka anarthadaMDake lakSaNaM tathA svarUpase bilakula vilakSaNa mAlUma hotA hai| isI taraha dezaviratikA lakSaNa bhI ApakA auroMse vibhinna pAyA jAtA. hai| Apane usa dezameM gamanake tyAgako dezavirati batalAyA hai jahA~ vratabhaMgakA koI kAraNa maujUda ho * / aura isa liye jahA~ vratabhaMgakA koI kAraNa nahIM una dezoMmeM gamanakA tyAga Apake ukta vratakI sImAse bAhara samajhanA cAhiye / dUsare AcAryoMke matAnusAra dezAvakAzika vratake liye aisA koI niyama nahIM hai| ve kucha kAlake liye dignatadvArA grahaNa kiye hue kSetrake eka khAsa dezameM sthitikA saMkalpa karake * vayabhaMgakAraNaM hoI jammi desAmmi tattha NiyameNa / kIraha gamaNaNiyattItaM jANa guNavvayaM vidiyaM // 214 //
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________________ guNavrata aura zikSAbata anya saMpUrNa dezoM-bhAgoM ke tyAgakA vidhAna karate haiM cAhe unameM vratamaMgakA koI kAraNa ho yA na ho / jaisA ki dezAvakAzika vratake nimna lakSaNase prakaTa hai: sthAsyAmIdamidaM yAvadiyakAlamihAspade / iti saMkalpya saMtuSTastiSTandezAvakAzikI // . -ityaashaadhrH| yahA~ para mujhe ina vratoMke lakSaNAdisambandhI vizeSa matabhedako dikhalAnA iSTa nahIM hai| vaha vasunandIse pahale ullekha kiye hue AcAryoM meM bhI, thor3A bahuta, pAyA jAtA hai| aura ina broMke aticAroMmeM bhI aneka AcAryoMke paraspara matabheda hai, isa saMpUrNa matabhedako dikhalAnese lekha bahuta bar3ha jAyagA / ataH lakSaNa, svarUpa tathA atIcArasaMbaMdhI vizeSa matabhedako phira kisI samaya dikhalAnekA yatna kiyA jAyagA / yahA~, isa samaya, sirpha itanA hI samajhanA cAhiye ki ina donoM prakArake vratoMke bhedAdikapratipAdanameM AcAryoMke paraspara bahuta kucha matabheda hai / ina vratoMkA viSayakramaH kakSAoM ke paThanakrama (korsa course) kI taraha samaya samayapara badalatA rahA hai| aura isa liye yaha kahanA bahuta kaThina hai ki mahAvIra bhagavAnane ina vibhinna zAsanoM se kaunase zAsanakA pratipAdana kiyA thA / saMbhava hai ki unakA zAsana ina saboMse kucha vibhinna rahA ho| paraMtu itanA jarUra kaha sakate haiM ki ina vibhinna zAsanoMmeM paraspara siddhAntabheda nahIM hai-jainasiddhAntoMse koI virodha nahIM AtA-aura na inake pratipAdanameM jainAcAryoMkA paraspara koI uddezyabheda pAyA jAtA hai| saboMkA uddezya sAvadha karmoM ke tyAgakI pariNatiko kramazaH bar3hAne-use aNuvratoMse mahAvratoMkI ora le jAne-aura lobhAdikakA nigraha karAkara saMtoSake sAtha zAMtipUrvaka jIvana vyatIta karAnekA mAlUma hotA hai| hA~ dRSTibheda,
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________________ jainAcAryokA zAsanabheda apekSAbheda, viSayabheda, kramabheda, pratipAdakoMkI samajha aura pratipAdyoMkI sthiti AdikA bheda avazya hai, jisake kAraNa ukta zAsanoMko vibhinna jarUra mAnanA pdd'egaa| aura isa liye yaha kabhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki mahAvIra bhagavAnane hI ina saba vibhinna zAsanoMkA vidhAna kiyA thA-unakI vANImeM hI ye saba mata athavA inake pratipAdaka zAstra isI rUpase prakaTa hue the| aisA mAnanA aura samajhanA nitAnta bhUlase paripUrNa tathA vastusthitike viruddha hogaa| ataH zrIkuMdakuMdAcAryane guNavatoMke saMbaMdhameM, 'eva, zabda lagAkara-iyameva guNavvayA tiNNi' aisA likhakara-jo yaha niyama diyA hai ki, dizAvidizAoMkA parimANa, anarthadaMDakA tyAga aura bhogopabhogakA parimANa, ye hI tIna guNavrata hai, dUsare nahIM, ise usa samayakA, unake sampradAyakA athavA khAsa unake zAsanakA niyama samajhanA cAhiye / aura zrIamitagatine 'jinezvarasamAkhyAtaM trividhaM tadaguNavataM' isa vAkyake dvArA dimvirati, dezavirati aura anarthadaMDaviratiko jo jinendradevakA kahA huA guNavrata batalAyA hai usakA Azaya prAyaH itanA hI lenA cAhiye ki amitagati ina vratoMko jineMdradevakA-mahAvIra bhagavAnakA-kahA huA samajhate the athavA apane ziSyoMko isa DhaMgase samajhAnA unheM iSTa thaa| isake sivAya, yaha mAna lenA ThIka nahIM hogA ki mahAvIra bhagavAnane hI ina donoM prakArake guNavratoMkA pratipAdana kiyA thaa| isI taraha anyatra bhI jAnanA / vAstavameM hara eka AcArya usI matakA pratipAdana karatA hai jo use iSTa hotA hai aura jise vaha apanI samajhake anusAra sabase acchA tathA upayogI samajhatA hai / aura isa liye ina
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________________ guNavata aura zikSAvata vibhinna zAsanoMko AcAryoMkA apanA apanA mata samajhanA caahiye| merI rAyameM ye saba zAsana bhI, jaisA ki pahale prakaTa kiyA jA cukA hai, pAparogakI zAMtike nusakhe ( Prescriptions) haiM -~oSadhikalpa haiM jinheM AcAryoMne apane apane dezoM tathA samayoMke ziSyoMkI prakRti aura yogyatA Adike anusAra tayyAra kiyA thA / aura isa liye sarva dezoM, sarva samayoM aura sarva prakArakI prakRtike vyaktiyoMke liye amuka eka hI nusakhA upayogI hogA, aisA haTha karanekI z2arUrata nahIM hai / jisa samaya aura jisa prakArakI prakRti Adike vyaktiyoM ke liye jaise oSadhikalpoMkI jarUrata hotI hai, buddhimAna vaidya, usa samaya aura usa prakArakI prakRti Adike vyaktiyoM ke liye vaise hI oSadhikalpoMkA prayoga kiyA karate haiN| aneka naye naye oSadhikalpa gar3he jAte haiM, purAnoMmeM pheraphAra kiyA jAtA hai aura aisA karanemeM kucha bhI Apatti nahIM hotI, yadi ve saba rogazAMtike viruddha na hoN| isI tarahapara dezakAlAnusAra kiye hue AcAryoMke uparyukta bhinna zAsanoMmeM bhI prAyaH koI Apatti nahIM kI jA sktii| kyoMki ve saba jainasiddhAntoMke aviruddha haiN| hA~, ApekSika dRSTi se unheM prazasta aprazasta, sugama durgama, alpaviSayaka bahuviSayaka, alpaphalasAdhaka bahuphalasAdhaka ityAdi jarUra kahA jA sakatA hai, aura isa prakArakA bheda AcAryoMkI yogyatA aura unake tattatkAlIna vicAroM para nirbhara hai / astu / isI siddhAntAvirodhakI dRSTi se yadi Aja koI mahAtmA vartamAna dezakAlakI paristhitiyoM ko dhyAnameM rakhakara uparyukta zIlavratoMmeM bhI kucha pheraphAra karanA cAhe aura udAharaNake taurapara 1 kSetra (digdeza )
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________________ 62 jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda parimANa, 2 anarthadaMDa virati, 3 bhogopabhogaparimANa, 4 ova-zyakatAnutpAdana, 5 antaHkaraNAnuvartana, 6 sAmAyika aura 7 niSkAma sevA ( anapekSitopakAra ) nAmake saptazIlavrata, athavA guNavata aura zikSAvata, sthApita kare to vaha khuza se aisA kara sakatA hai| usameM koI Apatti kiye jAne kI jarUrata nahIM hai aura na yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki usakA aisA vidhAna jineMdradevakI AjJA ke viruddha hai athavA mahAcIra bhagavAna ke zAsana se bAhara hai; kyoMki ukta prakArakA vidhAna jainasiddhAntoMke viruddha nahIM hai / aura jo vidhAna jainasiddhAntoMke viruddha nahIM hotA vaha saba mahAvIra bhagavAna ke anukUla hai| use prakA- rAntarase jaina siddhAntoMkI vyAkhyA athavA unakA vyAvahArika rUpa samajhanA cAhiye, aura isa dRSTise use mahAvIra bhagavAnakA zAsana bhI kaha * sakate haiM / paraMtu bhinna zAsanoMkI hAlatameM mahAvIra bhagavAnane yahI kahA, aisA hI kahA, isI kramase kahA ityAdika mAnanA mithyA hogA aura use prAyaH mithyAdarzana samajhanA cAhiye / ataH usase bacakara yathArtha vastusthitiko jAnane aura usapara dhyAna rakhanekI - koziza karanI cAhiye / isImeM vAstavika hita saMnihita hai / aura yaha bAta pahale bhI batalAI jA cukI hai| yahA~ zvetAmbara AcAryoMkI dRSTise maiM, isa samaya, sirpha itanA aura batalA denA cAhatA hU~ ki, zvetAmbarasampradAyameM amataurapara 1 digvata, 2 upabhogaparibhogaparimANa, 3 anarthadaMDavirati, ina tInako guNatrata aura 1 sAmAyika, 2 dezAvakA zika, 3 proSadhopavAsa, 4 atithi 1 jarUratoMko bar3hane na denA, pratyuta ghaTAnA / 2 antaHkaraNakI AvAz2ake .. viruddha na calanA
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________________ guNavrata aura zikSAbata saMvibhAga, ina cArako zikSAbata mAnA hai| unakA 'zrAvakamajJapti' nAmaka graMtha bhI inhIMkA vidhAna karatA hai aura, ' yogazAstra meM, zrIhemacaMdrAcArya ne bhI inhIM vratoMkA, isI kramase, pratipAdana kiyA hai| tatvArthasUtrake TIkAkAra zrIsiddhasenagaNi aura yazobhadrajI, apanI apanI TIkAoMmeM, likhate haiM: "guNavratAni trINi digbhogaparibhogaparimANAnarthadaMDavirati saMjJAni....zikSApadavratAni sAmAyikadezAvakAzikaroSadhopavAsAtithisa vibhAgAkhyAni ctvaari|" isase bhI ukta vratoMkA samarthana hotA hai| balki ina donoM TIkAkAroMne jisa prakArase umAsvAtipara ArSakramolaMghanakA Aropa lagAkara usakA samAdhAna kiyA hai, aura jisakA Upara ullekha kiyA jA cukA hai, usase aisA mAlUma hotA hai ki zvetAmbarasampradAyake AgamagraMthoMmeM bhI, jinheM ve gaNadhara sudharmAsvAmI Adike banAye hue batalAte haiM, inhIM saba vratoMkA isI kramase vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| paraMtu unameM guNavata aura zikSAvratakA vibhAga bhI kiyA gayA hai yA ki nahIM, yaha bAta abhI saMdigdha hai / kyoMki ' upAsakadazA' nAmake Agama graMthameM, jo dvAdazAMgavANIkA sAtavA~ aMga kahalAtA hai, aisA koI vibhAga nahIM hai| usameM ina vratoMko, umAsvAtike tatvArthasUtra, tatvArthAdhigamabhASya aura * ye saba vrata prAyaH vahI haiM jo Upara svAmI samaMtabhadrAcAryake zAsanameM dikhalAye gaye haiM aura isa liye zvetAmbara AcAryoMkA zAsana, isa viSayameM, prAyaH samaMtabhadrake zAsanase milatA julatA hai| sirpha do eka vratoMmeM, kramameda avazya hai| samaMtabhadrane anarthadaMDaviratiko dUsare nambara para rakkhA hai aura yahA~ use tIsarA sthAna pradAna kiyA gayA hai| isI taraha zikSAvratoMmeM dezAvakAzikako yahA~ pahale nambara para na rakha kara dUsare nambara para rakkhA gayA hai| isake sivAya, cauthe zikSAvratake nAmameM bhI kucha parivartana hai| ..
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________________ jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda sUtrakI ukta donoM TIkAoMkI taraha, zIlavata bhI nahIM likhA, balki sAta zikSAvrata batalAyA hai / yathAH "samaNassa bhagavao mahAvIrassa aMtie paMcANuvvaiyaM sattasikkhAvaiyaM duvAlasavihaM gihidhamma pddivjjaahi|" isake sivAya, 'atithisaMvibhAga' ko 'yathA saMvibhAga' vrata pratipAdana kiyA hai| isase aisA mAlUma hotA hai ki zvetAmbara saMpradAyameM pahale ina vratoMko sAta zikSAvrata mAnA jAtA thA, bAdameM digambara sampradAya kI taraha inake guNavrata aura zikSAvrata aise do vibhAga kiye gaye haiN| sAtha hI, inheM ' zIla' saMjJA bhI dI gaI hai| isI taraha yathAsaMvibhAgake sthAnameM bAdako atithisaMvibhAgakA parivartana kiyA gayA hai| saMbhava hai ki isa bAdake saMpUrNa parivartanako kucha AcAryoMne svIkAra kiyA ho aura kuchane svIkAra na kiyA ho| aura yaha bhI saMbhava hai ki. dUsare AgamagraMthoMmeM pahale hIse guNavrata aura zikSAvratake vyapadezako liye. hue ina vratoMkA zIlavratarUpase vidhAna ho aura cauthe zikSAvratakA nAma atithisaMvibhAga hI diyA ho| paraMtu isa pichalI bAtakI saMbhAvanA bahuta hI kama-prAyaH nahIMke barAbara-jAna paDatI hai; kyoMki zvetAmbara sampradAyake prauDha vidvAna haribhadrasUrine, 'zrAvakaprajJapti' kI TIkAmeM 'vicitratvAca dezavirateH' nAmakA jo vAkya diyA hai, aura jo 'aSTa mUlaguNa' nAmaka prakaraNameM uddhRta kiyA jA cukA hai, usase yaha sApha dhvanita hotA hai ki 'upAsakadazA se bhinna zvetAmbaroMke dUsare AgamagraMthoMmeM dezavirati (zrAvaka) kI koI vizeSa vidhi nahIM hai| isIse haribhadrasUri dezaviratikI vidhiko 'vicitra' tathA 'aniyamita' batalAte haiM aura use apanI buddhise pUrA karanekI anumati dete haiM / ityalam / sarasAvA ji0 sahAranapura / tA0 11 jUna, sana 1920 jugalakizora mukhtAra
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________________ pariziSTa (ka) jainatIrthakaroMkA zAsanabheda ~~~~~~~~~~~~ jainasamAjameM, zrIvaTTakerAcAryakA banAyA huA 'mUlAcAra' nAmakA eka yatyAcAra-viSayaka prAcIna grantha sarvatra prasiddha hai| mUla grantha prAkRta. bhASAmeM hai, aura usapara vasunandI saiddhAntikakI banAI huI 'AcAravRtti' nAmakI eka saMskRta TIkA bhI pAI jAtI hai| isa granthameM, sAmAyikakA varNana karate hue, granthakartA mahodaya likhate haiM: bAvIsaM titthayarA sAmAiyaM saMjamaM uvdisNti| . chedovaDhAvaNiyaM puNa bhayavaM usaho ya vIro ya / / 7-32 / / arthAt-ajitase lekara pArzvanAtha paryanta bAIsa tIrthaMkaroMne 'sAmAyika' saMyamakA aura RSabhadeva tathA mahAvIra bhagavAnane 'chedopasthApanA' saMyamakA upadeza diyA hai| yahA~ mUla gAthAmeM do jagaha 'ca' (ya) zabda AyA hai / eka cakArase parihAravizuddhi Adi cAritrakA bhI grahaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| aura taba yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki RSabhadeva aura mahAvIra bhagavAnane sAmAyikAdi pA~ca prakArake cAritrakA pratipAdana kiyA hai, jisameM chedopasthApanAkI yahA~ pradhAnatA hai| zeSa bAIsa tIrthaMkaroMne kevala sAmAyika cAritrakA pratipAdana kiyA hai| astu / Adi aura antake donoM tIrthaMkaroMne chedopasthApana saMyamakA pratipAdana kyoM kiyA hai ? isakA uttara AcAryamahodaya AgekI do gAthAoMmeM isa prakAra dete haiM:
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________________ jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda Acakkhi, vibhajidaM viNNAduM cAvi suhadaraM hodi / edeNa kAraNeNa du mahavvadA paMca paNNattA // 33 // AdIe dunvisodhaNe NihaNe taha suDu duraNupAleyA / purimA ya pacchimA vi hu kappAkappaM Na jANaMti // 34 // TIkA-"......yasmAdanyasmai pratipAdayituM svecchAnuSThAtuM vibhaktuM vijJAtuM cApi bhavati sukhataraM sAmAyikaM tena kAraNena mahAvratAni paMca prajJaptAnIti // 33 // " "AditIrthe ziSyA duHkhena zodhyante suSTu RjusvabhAvA ytH| tathA ca pazcimatIrthe ziSyA duHkhena pratipAlyante suSThu vakrasvabhAvA yataH / pUrvakAlaziSyAH pazcimakAlaziSyAzca api sphuTa kalpaM yogyaM akalpaM ayogyaM na jAnanti yatastata Adau nidhane ca chedopasthApanamupadizata iti // 34 // " ___ arthAta-pAMca mahAvratoM (chedopasthApanA)kA kathana isa vajahase kiyA gayA hai ki inake dvArA sAmAyikakA dUsaroMko upadeza denA, svayaM anuSThAna karanA, pRthaka pRthaka rUpase bhAvanAmeM lAnA aura savizeSarUpase samajhanA sugama ho jAtA hai / Adima tIrthameM ziSya muzkilase zuddha kiye jAte haiM; kyoMki ve atizaya saralasvabhAva hote haiN| aura antima tIrthameM ziSyajana kaThinatAse nirvAha karate haiM; kyoMki ve atizaya vakrasvabhAva hote haiN| sAtha hI, ina donoM samayoMke ziSya spaSTarUpase yogya ayogyako nahIM jAnate haiM / isaliye Adi aura antake tIrthameM isa chedopasthApanAke upadezakI z2arUrata paidA huI hai| yahA~para yaha bhI prakaTa kara denA jarUrI hai ki chedopasthApanAmeM hiMsAdikake bhedase samasta sAvadyakarmakA tyAga kiyA jAtA . isase pahale, TIkA, gAthAkA zabdArtha mAtra diyA hai|
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________________ pariziSTa 67 hai / isaliye chedopasthApanAkI 'paMcamahAvrata' saMjJA bhI hai, aura isI liye AcAryamahodaya ne gAthA naM0 33 meM chedopasthApanAkA 'paMcamahAvrata ' zabdoM se nirdeza kiyA hai / astu / isI granthameM, Age 'pratikramaNa' kA varNana karate hue, zrIvaTTakera svAmIne yaha bhI likhA hai: sapaDikkamaNo dhammo purimassa ya pacchimassa jiNassa / avarAhapaDikamaNaM majjhimANaM jiNavarANaM // 7-125 / / * 'tattvArtharAjavArtika meM bhaTTAkalaMkadevane bhI chedopasthApanAkA aisA hI svarUpa pratipAdana kiyA hai / yathA: -- " sAvadhaM karma hiMsAdibhedena vikalpanivRttiH chedopasthApanA / " isI graMtha meM akalaMkadevane yaha bhI likhA hai ki sAmAyikakI apekSA vrata eka hai aura chedopasthApanAkI apekSA usake pA~ca bheda haiM / yathA: 'sarvasAvadyanivRttilakSaNasAmAyikApekSayA ekaM vrataM, bhedaparataMtracchedopasthApanApekSayA paMcavidhaM vratam / " zrI pUjyapAdAcAryane bhI 'sarvArthasiddhi' meM aisA hI kahA hai / isake sivAya, zrI vIranandI AcAryane, 'AcArasAra' graMthake pA~caveM adhikAra meM, chedopasthApanAkA jo nimna svarUpa varNana kiyA hai usase isa viSayakA aura bhI spaSTIkaraNa ho jAtA hai / yathA: 1 "C vratasamiti guptigaiH paMca paMca tribhirmataiH / chedairbhedairupetyArtha sthApanaM svasthitikriyA // 6 // chedopasthApanaM proktaM sarvasAvadyavarjane / vrataM hiMsA'nRtasteyA'brahmasaMgeSvasaMgamaH // 7 // arthAt - pA~ca vrata, pA~ca samiti aura tIna gupti nAmake chadoM-bhadoMke dvArA arthako prApta hokara jo apane AtmAmeM sthira hone rUpa kiyA hai usako chedopasthApanA yA chedopasthApana kahate haiM / samasta sAvadya ke tyAgameM chedopasthApanAko hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, maithuna ( abrahma) aura parigrahase birati rUpa vrata kahA hai /
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________________ 68 jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda jAve du appaNo vA aNNadare vA bhave adiicaaro| tAve du paDikamaNaM majjhimayANaM jiNavarANaM // 126 // iriyAgoyarasumiNAdi savvamAcaradu mA va Acaradu / purimacarimA du savve savve NiyamA paDikamadi // 127 // arthAt-pahale aura antima tIrthaMkarakA dharma, aparAdhake hone aura na honekI apekSA na karake, pratikramaNa-sahita pravartatA hai| para madhyake bAIsa tIrthaMkaroMkA dharma aparAdhake honepara hI pratikramaNakA vidhAna karatA hai| kyoMki unake samayameM aparAdhakI bahulatA nahIM hotI / madhyavartI tIrthaMkaroMke samayameM jisa vratameM apane yA dUsaroMke atIcAra lagatA hai usI vratasambandhI atIcArake viSayameM pratikramaNa kiyA jAtA hai| viparIta isake, Adi aura antake tIrthaMkaroM (RSabhadeva aura mahAvIra) ke ziSya IryA, gocarI aura svapnAdise utpanna hue samasta atIcAroMkA AcaraNa karo athavA mata karo unheM samasta pratikramaNa-daNDakoMkA uccAraNa karanA hotA hai| Adi aura antake donoM tIrthaMkaroMke ziSyoMko kyoM samasta pratikramaNa-daNDakoMkA uccAraNa karanA hotA hai aura kyoM madhyavartI tIrthaMkaroM ke ziSya vaisA AcaraNa nahIM karate ? isake uttarameM AcAryamahodaya likhate haiM: majjhimayA diDhabuddhI eyaggamaNA amohalakkhA ya / tamhA hu jamAcaraMti taM garahaMtA visujhaMti // 128 // purimacaramA du jamhA calacittA ceva mohalakkhA ya / ...to savvapaDikkamaNaM aMdhalayaghoDayadihato // 129 // arthAta-madhyavartI tIrthaMkaroMke ziSya vismaraNazIlatArahita dRDhabuddhi, sthiracitta aura mUDhatArahita parIkSApUrvaka kArya karanevAle hote haiM / isa
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________________ 69 pariziSTa liye prakaTarUpase ve jisa doSakA AcaraNa karate haiM usa doSameM AtmanindA karate hue zuddha ho jAte haiM / para Adi aura antake donoM tIrthaMkaroMke ziSya calacitta, vismaraNazIla aura mUDhamanA hote haiM-zAstrakA bahuta bAra pratipAdana karane para bhI use nahIM jAna paate| unheM kramazaH RjujaDa aura vakrajaDa samajhanA cAhiye-isaliye unake samasta pratikramaNadaNDakoMke uccAraNakA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai aura isa viSaya meM andhe ghor3ekA dRSTAnta batalAyA gayA hai| TIkAkArane isa dRSTAntakA jo spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai usakA bhAvArtha isa prakAra hai 'kisI rAjAkA ghor3A andhA ho gyaa| usa rAjAne vaidyaputrase ghor3eke liye oSadhi puuchii| vaha vaidyaputra vaidyaka nahIM jAnatA thA, aura vaidya kisI dUsare grAma gayA huA thaa| ataH usa vaidyaputrane ghor3ekI A~khako ArAma pahu~cAnevAlI samasta oSadhiyoMkA prayoga kiyA aura unase vaha ghor3A nIroga ho gayA / isI taraha sAdhu bhI eka pratikramaNadaNDakameM sthiracitta nahIM hotA ho to dUsaremeM hogA, dUsaremeM nahIM to tIsaremeM, tIsaremeM nahIM to cauthemeM hogA, isa prakAra sarvapratikramaNa-daNDakoMkA uccAraNa karanA nyAya hai| isameM koI virodha nahIM hai, kyoMki saba hI pratikramaNa-daNDaka karmake kSaya karanemeM samartha haiN| ___ mUlAcArake isa sampUrNa kathanase yaha bAta spaSTatayA vidita hotI hai ki samasta jainatIrthaMkaroMkA zAsana eka hI prakArakA nahIM rahA hai| balki samayakI AvazyakatAnusAra-lokasthitiko dekhate hue-usameM kucha parivartana jarUra hotA rahA hai / aura isaliye jina logoMkA aisA khayAla hai ki jainatIrthaMkaroMke upadezameM paraspara raMcamAtra bhI bheda yA parivartana nahIM hotA--jo vacanavargaNA eka tIrthakarake mu~hase
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________________ 70 jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda khiratI hai vahI a~cI tulI dUsare tIrthakarake mu~hase nikalatI hai, usameM jarA bhI pheraphAra nahIM hotA-~-vaha khayAla nirmUla jAna par3atA hai| zAyada aise logoMne tIrthaMkaroMkI vANIko phonogrAfake rikArDa meM bhare hue maz2amUnake sadRza samajha rakkhA hai !! parantu vAstavameM aisA nahIM hai| aise logoMko mUlAcArake uparyukta kathanapara khUba dhyAna denA cAhiye / paM0 AzAdharajIne bhI, apane 'anagAradharmAmRta' grantha aura usakI khopajJa TIkAmeM, tIrthakaroMke isa zAsanabhedakA ullekha kiyA hai| jaisA ki Apake nimnavAkyoMse prakaTa hai: ___" AdimAntimatIrthakarAveva vratAdibhedena sAmAyikamupadizataH sma nA'jitAdayo dvAviMzatiriti sahetukaM vyAcaSTe duHzodhamRjujaDairiti pururiva viiro'dishdrtaadibhidaa| duSpAlaM vakrajaDairiti sAmyaM nApare supaTuziSyAH // 9-87 // TIkA-adizadupadiSTavAn / ko'sau ? vIro'ntimatIrthakaraH / kiM tat ? sAmyaM sAmAyikAkhyaM cAritram / kayA ? vratAdibhidA vratasamitiguptibhedena / kuto hetoH ? iti / kimiti ? bhavati / kiM tat ? sAmyam / kIdRzam ? duSpAlaM pAlayitumazakyam / kaiH ? vakrajaDairanArjavajADyopetaiH ziSyairmameti / ka iva ? pururiv| iva zabdo yathArthaH / yathA pururAdinAthaH sAmyaM vratAdimidA'dizat / kuto hetoH ? iti / kimiti ? bhavati / kiM tat ? sAmyaM / kIdRzam ? duHzodhaM zodhayitumazakyam / kaiH RjujaDairArjavajADyopetaiH ziSyaimameti / tathA'parejitAdayo dvAviMzatistIrthakarA vratAdibhidA sAmyaM nAdizan / sAmyameva vratamiti kathayanti sma svshissyaannaamgre| kIdRzAste ? supaTuziSyAH yataH RjuvakrajaDatvAbhAvAt suSTha paTavo vyutpannatamAH ziSyA yeSAM ta evam // "
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________________ 72 pariziSTa "nindAgahAlocanAbhiyukto yuktena cetsaa| paThedvA zRNuyAcchuddhayai karmanAn niyamAn samAn // 8-62 // TIkA-paTheducaret sAdhuH zRNuyAdvA AcAryAdibhya AkarNayet / kAn ? niyamAn pratikramaNadaNDakAn / kiMviziSTAn ? samAn sarvAn |......idmtr tAtparya, yasmAdaidaMyugInA duHkhamAkAlAnubhAvAdvakrajaDIbhUtAH svayamapi kRtaM vratAyativAraM na smaranti calacittatvAcAsakRtprAyazoparAdhyanti tasmAdIryAdiSu doSo bhavatu vA mA bhavatu taiH sarvAticAravizuddhayarthaM sarve pratikramaNadaNDakAH pryoktvyaaH| teSu yatra kvaciccittaM sthiraM bhavati tena sarvo'pi doSo vishodhyte| te hi sarve'pi karmaghAtasamAH / tathA coktam * sapratikramaNo dharmo jinayorAdimAntyayoH / aparAdhe pratikrAntimadhyamAnAM jinezinAm // yadopajAyate doSa Atmanyanyataratra vaa| tadaiva syAtpratikrAntirmadhyamAnAM jinezinAm // I-gocaraduHsvapnaprabhRtau vartatAM na vaa| paurastyapazcimAH sarva pratikAmanti nizcitam // madhyamA ekacittA yadamUDhadRDhabuddhayaH / / AtmanAnuSTitaM tasmAgarhamANAH sRjanti tm|| paurastyapazcimA ysmaatsmohaaclcetsH| tataH sarva pratikrAntirandho'zvo'tra nidarzanam // " aura zrIpUjyapAdAcAryane, apanI 'cAritrabhakti' meM, isa viSayakA eka padya nimnaprakArase diyA hai: * ye pA~coM padya, jinheM paM0 AzAdharajIne apane kathanake samarthana meM uddhRta kiyA hai, vikramakI prAyaH 13 vIM zatAbdIse pahaleke bane hue kisI prAcIna graMthake padya haiN| inakA saba Azaya kramazaH vahI hai jo mUlAcArakI ukta gAthA naM. 125se 129kA hai| inheM ukta gAthAoMkI chAyA na kahakara unakA padyAnuvAda kahanA caahiye|
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________________ 72 jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda tisraH sattamaguptayastanumanobhASAnimittodayAH paMceryAdisamAzrayAH samitayaH paMcavratAnItyapi / cAritropahitaM trayodazatayaM pUrva na diSTaM parai rAcAraM parameSThino jinapatervIrAnnamAmo vayam // 7 // isameM kAyAdi tIna gupti, IryAdi paMca samiti aura ahiMsAdi paMca mahAvratarUpase trayodaza prakArake cAritrako 'cAritrAcAra' pratipAdana karate hue use namaskAra kiyA hai aura sAthahI yaha batalAyA hai ki 'yaha teraha prakArakA cAritra mahAvIra jinendrase pahaleke dUsare tIrthakaroMdvArA upadiSTa nahIM huA hai'-arthAt , isa cAritrakA upadeza mahAvIra bhagavAnne diyA hai, aura isaliye yaha unhIMkA khAsa zAsana hai| yahA~ 'vIrAt pUrva na diSTaM paraiH' zabdoM parase, yadyapi, yaha spaSTa dhvani nikalatI hai ki mahAvAra bhagavAnse pahaleke kisI bhI tIrthakaraneRSabhadevane bhI isa teraha prakArake cAritrakA upadeza nahIM diyA hai, parantu TIkAkAra prabhAcandrAcAryane 'paraiH' padake vAcyako bhagavAn 'ajita' taka hI sImita kiyA hai-RSabhadeva taka nahIM / arthAt , yaha sujhAyA hai ki-pArzvanAthase lekara ajitanAthaparyaMta pahaleke bAIsa tIrthaMkaroMne isa teraha prakArake cAritrakA upadeza nahIM diyA hai-unake upadezakA viSaya eka prakArakA cAritra (sAmAyika) hI rahA hai-yaha teraha prakArakA cAritra zrIvardhamAna mahAvIra aura AdinAtha (RSabhadeva)ke dvArA upadezita huA hai| jaisA ki ApakI TIkAke nimna aMzase prakaTa hai:___..........paraiH anyatIrthakaraiH / kasmAtparaiH ? vIrAdanyatIrthakarAt / kiMviziSTAt ? jinapateH...... / parairajitAdibhirjinanAthaitrayodazabhedaminnaM cAritraM na kathitaM sarvasAvadyaviratilakSaNamekaM cAritraM tairvinirdiSTaM tatkAlInaziSyANAM RjuvakrajaDamatitvAbhAvAt / vardhamAnasvAminA tu vakrajaDamatibhavyAzayavazAt Adidevena tu RjujaDamativineyavazAt trayodazavidhaM nirdiSTaM AcAraM namAmo vayam / "
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________________ pariziSTa ___ saMbhava hai ki 'paraiH' padakI isa sImAke nirdhArita karanekA uddezya mUlAcArake sAtha pUjyapAdake isa kathanakI saMgatiko ThIka biThalAnA rahA ho| parantu vAstavameM yadi isa sImAko na bhI nirdhArita kiyA jAya aura yaha mAna liyA jAya ki RSabhadevane bhI isa trayodazavidharUpase cAritrakA upadeza nahIM diyA hai to bhI usakA mUlAcArake sAtha koI virodha nahIM AtA hai| kyoMki yaha ho sakatA hai ki RSabhadevane paMcamahAvratoMkA to upadeza diyA ho-unakA chedopasthApanA saMyama ahiMsAdi paMcabhedAtmaka hI ho--kintu paMcasamitiyoM aura tIna guptiyoMkA upadeza na diyA ho, aura unake upadezakI jarUrata bhagavAn mahAvIrako hI par3I ho| aura isI liye unakA chedopasthApana saMyama isa teraha prakArake cAritrabhedako liye hue ho, jisakI unake nAmake sAtha khAsa prasiddhi pAI jAtI hai| parantu kucha bhI ho, RSabhadevane bhI isa teraha prakArake cAritrakA upadeza diyA ho yA na diyA ho, kintu isameM to sandeha nahIM ki zeSa bAIsa tIrthakaroMne usakA upadeza nahIM diyA hai| yahA~para itanA aura bhI batalA denA jarUrI hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIrane isa teraha prakArake cAritrameMse dasa prakArake cAritrako-paMcamahAvratoM aura paMcasamitiyoMko-mUlaguNoMmeM sthAna diyA hai| arthAt , sAdhuoMke aTThAIsa* mUlaguNoMmeM dasa mUlaguNa inheM karAra diyA hai / * aTThAIsa mUlaguNoM ke nAma isaprakAra haiM: 1 ahiMsA, 2 satya, 3 asteya, 4 brahmacarya, 5 aparigraha (ye pA~ca mahAvrata); 6 IyAM, 7 bhASA, 8 eSaNA, 9 AdAnanikSepaNa, 10 pratiSThApana, (ye pAMca samiti); 11-15 sparzana-rasana-ghrANa-cakSu-zrotra-nirodha (ye paMceMdriyanirodha); 16 sAmAyika, 17 stava, 18 vandanA, 19 pratikramaNa, 20 pratyAkhyAna,
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________________ 74 jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda taba yaha spaSTa hai ki zrIpArzvanAthAdi dUsare tIrthakaroMke mUlaguNa bhagavAn mahAvIradvArA pratipAdita mUlaguNoMse bhinna the aura unakI saMkhyA bhI ahAIsa nahIM ho sakatI-dasakI saMkhyA to ekadama kama ho hI jAtI hai; aura bhI kitane hI mUlaguNa inameM aise haiM jo usa samayake ziSyoMkI ukta sthitiko dekhate hue anAvazyaka pratIta hote haiN| vAstavameM mUlaguNoM aura uttaraguNoMkA sArA vidhAna samayasamayake ziSyoMkI yogyatA aura unheM tattatkalIna paristhitiyoMmeM sanmArgapara sthira rakha sakanekI AvazyakatApara avalambita rahatA hai| isa dRSTi se jisa samaya jina vrataniyamAdikoMkA AcaraNa sarvopari mukhya tathA Avazyaka jAna par3atA hai unheM mUlaguNa karAra diyA jAtA hai aura zeSako uttaraguNa / isIse sarva samayoMke mUlaguNa kabhI eka prakArake nahIM ho sakate / kisI samayake ziSya saMkSepapriya hote haiM athavA thor3e hI samajha lete haiM aura kisI samayake vistArarucivAle athavA vizeSa khulAsA karanepara smjhnevaale| kabhI logoMmeM Rjujar3atAkA adhika saMcAra hotA hai, kabhI vakrajar3atAkA aura kabhI ina donoMse atIta avasthA hotI hai / kisI samayake manuSya sthiracitta, dRDhabuddhi aura balavAna hote haiM aura kisI samayake calacitta, vismaraNazIla aura nirbala / kabhI lokameM mUr3hatA bar3hatI hai aura kabhI usakA hAsa hotA hai / isa liye jisa samaya jaisI jaisI prakRti aura yogyatAke ziSyoMkI-upadezapAtroMkI-bahulatA hotI hai usa usa vaktakI janatAko lakSya karake tIrthaMkaroMkA usake upayogI vaisA hI upadeza tathA vaisA hI vrata-niyamAdikakA vidhAna hotA hai / 21 kAyotsarga (ye SaDAvazyaka kriyA); 22 loca, 23 Acelakya, 24 asnAna, 25 bhUzayana, 26 adantagharSaNa, 27 sthitibhojana, aura 28 ekabhakta /
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________________ -anwar.servmam pariziSTa usIke anusAra mUlaguNoMmeM bhI heraphera huA karatA hai| paraMtu isa bhinna prakArake upadeza, vidhAna yA zAsanameM paraspara uddezya-bheda nahIM hotaa| samasta jainatIrthaMkaroMkA vahI mukhyatayA eka uddezya 'AtmAse karmamalako dUra karake use zuddha, sukhI, nirdoSa aura svAdhIna banAnA' hotA hai| dUsare zabdoMmeM yoM kahiye ki saMsArI jIvoMko saMsAraroga dUra karaneke mArgapara lagAnA hI jainatIrthaMkaroMke jIvanakA pradhAna lakSya hotA hai / astu / eka rogako dUra karaneke liye jisa prakAra aneka oSadhiyA~ hotI haiM aura ve anekaprakArase vyavahArameM lAI jAtI haiM; rogazAMtike liye unameMse jisavakta jisa oSadhiko jisavidhise denekI jarUrata hotI hai vaha usavakta usI vidhise dI jAtI hai-isameM na kucha virodha hotA hai aura na kucha bAdhA AtI hai / usI prakAra saMsAraroga yA karmarogako dUra karaneke bhI aneka sAdhana aura upAya hote haiM, jinakA aneka prakArase prayoga kiyA jAtA hai / unameMse tIrthakara bhagavAn apanI apanI samayakI sthitike anusAra jisa jisa upAyakA jisa jisa rItise prayoga karanA ucita samajhate haiM usakA usI rItise prayoga karate haiN| unake isa prayogameM kisI prakArakA virodha yA bAdhA upasthita honekI saMbhAvanA nahIM ho sakatI / inhIM saba bAtoMpara mUlAcArake vidvAn AcAryamahodayane, apane Upara ullekha kiye hue vAkyoMdvArA, acchA prakAza DAlA hai aura aneka yuktiyoMse jainatIrthaMkaroMke zAsanabhedako bhaleprakAra pradarzita aura sUcita kiyA hai / isake sivAya, dUsare vidvAnoMne bhI isa zAsanabhedako mAnA tathA usakA samarthana kiyA hai, yaha aura bhI vizeSatA hai / * zvetAmbarapranthoM meM bhI jainatIrthaMkaroMke zAsana-bhedakA ullekha milatA hai, jisake kucha avataraNa pariziSTa (kha)meM diye gaye haiN|
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________________ 76 -~~ ~-~iva r jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda ___ AzA hai isa lekhako par3hakara sarvasAdhAraNa jainIbhAI, satyAnveSI aura anya aitihAsika vidvAn aitihAsika kSetrameM kucha nayA anubhava prApta kareMge aura sAtha hI isa bAtakI khoja lagAya~ge ki jainatIrthaMkaroMke zAsanameM aura kina kina bAtoMkA paraspara bheda rahA hai / jugalakizora mukhtAra pariziSTa (kha) zvetAmbaroMke yahA~ bhI jainatIrthaMkaroMke zAsanabhedakA kitanA hI ullekha milatA hai, jisake kucha namUne isaprakAra haiM: (1) ' Avazyakaniyukti meM, jo bhadrabAhu zrutakevalIkI racanA kahI jAtI hai, do gAthAe~ nimnaprakArase pAI jAtI haiM sapaDikamaNo dhammo purimassa ya pacchimassa ya jiNassa / majjhimayANa jiNANaM kAraNajAe paDikkamaNaM // 1244 // bAvIsaM titthayarA sAmAiyasaMjamaM uvaisati / cheovaDAvaNayaM puNa vayanti usabho ya vIro ya // 1246 // ye gAthAe~ sAdhAraNase pAThabhedake sAtha, jisase koI arthabheda nahIM hotA, ve hI haiM jo ' mUlAcAra 'ke 7 veM adhyAyameM kramazaH naM0 125 aura 32 para pAI jAtI haiN| aura isaliye, isa viSayameM, niyuktikAra aura mUlAcArake kartA zrIvaTTakerAcArya donoMkA mata eka jAna par3atA hai / 1 'kAraNAjAte' aparAdha evotpane sati pratikramaNaM bhavati iti haribhadraH /
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________________ pariziSTa (2) uttarAdhyayanasUtra' meM 'kezi-gautama-saMvAda' nAmakA eka prakaraNa (23 vA~ adhyayana ) hai, jisameM sabase pahale pArzvanAthake ziSya (tIrthaziSya ) kezI svAmIne mahAvIra-ziSya gautama gaNadharase donoM tIrthakaroMke zAsanabhedakA kucha ullekha karate hue usakA kAraNa daryApta kiyA hai aura yahA~taka pUchA hai ki dharmakI isa dvividha prarUpaNA athavA matabheda para kyA tumheM kucha avizvAsa yA saMzaya nahIM hotA hai ! taba gautamasvAmIne usakA samAdhAna kiyA hai| isa saMvAdake kucha vAkya (bhAvavijayagaNIkI vyAkhyAsahita ) isaprakAra haiM: cAujjAmo a jo dhammo, jo imo pNcsikkhio| desio vaddhamANeNaM, pAseNa ya mahAmuNI // 23 // vyAkhyA-caturyAmo hiMsAnRtasteyaparigrahoparamAtmakavatacatuSkarUpaH, paMcazikSitaH sa eva maithunaviratirUpapaMcamahAvratAnvitaH // 23 // ekakajjapavannANaM, visese kiM nu kAraNaM / dhamme duvihe mehAvI ! kahaM vippaccao na te ? // 24 // vyAkhyAH -'dhammeti' itthaM dharma sAdhudharme dvividhe he medhAvin kathaM vipratyayaH avizvAso na te tava ? tulye hi sarvajJatve kiM kRto'yaM matabhedaH ? iti // 24 // evaM tenokte tao kesi buvaMtaM tu, goamo iNamabbavI / paNNA samikkhae dhamma-tattaM tattaviNicchayaM // 25 // vyAkhyA-'buvaMtaM tutti' bruvantamevA'nenAdarAtizayamAha, prajJAbuddhiH samIkSyate pazyati, kiM tadityAha-'dhamma-tattaMti' vindorlope dharmatattvaM dharmaparamArtha, tattvAnAM jIvAdInAM vinizcayo yasmAttattathA, ayaM bhAvaH-na vAkyazravaNamAtrAdevArthanirNayaH syAtkintu prajJAvazAdeva // 25 // tatazca- . purimA ujjujaDA u, vakajaDA ya pacchimA / majjhimA ujjupaNNA u; teNa dhamme duhA kae // 26 //
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________________ 78 jainAcAryoMkA zAsanabheda vyAkhyA-'purimatti' pUrva prathamajinamunayaH Rjavazca prAMjalatayA jaDAzca duSprajJApyatayA RjujaDAH, 'tu' iti yasmAddhetoH vakrAzca vakraprakRtitvAjaDAzca nijAnekakuvikalpaiH vivakSitArthAvagamAkSamatvAdvakrajaDAH, caH samuccaye, pazcimAH pshcimjintnyaaH| madhyamAstu madhyamArhatAM sAdhavaH, Rjavazca te prajJAzca subodhatvena RjuprajJAH / tena hetunA dharmo dvidhA kRtH| ekakAryaprapannatvepi iti prkrmH||26|| yadi nAma pUrvAdimunInAmIdRzatvaM, tathApi kathametaddvaividhyamityAha purimANaM duvvisojyo u, carimANaM durnnupaalo| kappo majjhimagANaM tu, suvisojho supAlao // 27 // vyAkhyA-pUrveSAM duHkhena vizodhyo nirmalatAM netuM zakyo durvizodhyaH, kalpaiti yojyate, te hi RjujaDatvena guruNAnuziSyamANA api na tadvAkyaM samyagavaboddha prabhavantIti tuH puurtii| caramANAM duHkhenAnupAlyate iti duranupAlaH sa eva duranupAlaH kalpaH sAdhvAcAraH / te hi kathaMcijjAnanto'pi kakrajaDatvena na yathAvadanuSThAtumIzate / madhyamakAnAM tu vizodhyaH supAlakaH kalpa itIhApi yojyaM, te hi RjuprajJatvena sukhenaiva yathAvajAnanti pAlayanti ca ataste caturyAmoktAvapi paMcamamapi yAmaM jJAtuM pAlayituM ca kSamAH / yaduktaM-"no apariggahiAe, itthIe jeNa hoi paribhogo / tA tasviraIe cia, abaMbhaviraitti paNNANaM // 1 // iti tadapekSayA zrIpArzvasvAminA caturyAmo dharma uktaH pUrvapazcimAstu nehazA iti zrIRSabhazrIvIrasvAmibhyAM paMcavrataH / tadevaM vicitraprajJavineyAnugrahAya dharmasya dvaividhyaM na tu tAttvikaM / AdyajinakathanaM ceha prasaMgAditi sUtrapaMcakArthaH // 27 // isa saMvAdakI 26 vIM aura 27 vI gAthAmeM zAsanabhedakA jo kAraNa batalAyA gayA hai-bhedameM kAraNIbhUta tattatkAlIna ziSyoMkI jisa paristhitivizeSakA ullekha kiyA gayA hai--vaha saba vahI hai jo mUlAcArAdi digambara graMthoM meM varNita hai| bAkI, pArzvanAthake 'caturyAma' dharmakA jo yahA~ ullekha kiyA gayA hai usakA Azaya yadi vahI hai jo TIkAkArane ahiMsAdi cAra vratarUpa batalAyA hai, to vaha digambara sampradAyaka kathanase kucha bhinna jAna par3atA hai| (3) 'prajJApanAsUtra' kI malayagiri-TIkAmeM bhI tIrthaMkaroMke zAsana bhedakA kucha ullekha milatA hai / yathAH
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________________ - - pariziSTa " yadyapi sarvamapi cAritramavizeSataH sAmAyikaM tathApi chedAdivizeSairviziSyamANamarthataH zabdAntaratazca nAnAtvaM bhajate, prathamaM punaravizeSaNAt sAmAnyazabda evAvatiSThate sAmAyikamiti tacca dvidhA-itvaraM yAvatkathikaM ca, tatretvaraM bharatairAvateSu prathamapazcimatIrthakaratIrthaSvAnAropitamahAvratasya zaikSakasya vijJeyaM, yAvatkathikaM ca pravrajyApratipattikAlAdArabhyAprANoparamAt , taca bharatairAvatabhAvimadhyadvAviMzatitIrthakaratIrthAntaragatAnAM videhatIrthakaratIrthAntaragatAnAMca sAdhUnAmavaseyaM teSAmupasthApanAyA abhAvAt / uktaM ca savvamiNaM sAmAiya cheyAivisesiyaM puNa vibhinnaM / avisesaM sAmAiya Thiyamiha sAmannasannAe // 1 // sAvajajogaviraha tti tattha sAmAiyaM duhA taM ca / ittaramAvakahaM ti ya paDhamaM paDhamaMtimajiNANaM // 2 // titthesu aNAroviyavayassa sehassa thovkaaliiyN| sesANa yAvakAhiyaM titthesu videhayANaM ca // 3 // tathA chedaH pUrvapayAyasya upasthApanA ca mahAvrateSu yasmin cAritre tacchedopasthApanaM, tacca dvividhA-sAticAraM niraticAraM ca, tatra niraticAraM yaditvarasAmAyikavatazaikSakasya Aropyate tIrthAntarasaMkrAntau vA, yathA pArzvanAthatIrthAd vardhamAnatIrtha saMkrAmataH paMcayAmapratipattau, sAticAraM yanmUlaguNaghAtinaH punarvatoccAraNaM, uktaM ca sehassa niraiyAraM titthantarasaMkame va taM hojaa| mUlaguNaghAiNo sAiyAramubhayaM ca Thiyakappe // 1 // 'ubhayaM ceti' sAticAraM niraticAraM ca 'sthitakalpe' iti prathamapazcimatIrthakaraH tiirthkaale|" isa ullekhameM ajitase pArzvanAthaparyaMta bAIsa tIrthakaroMke sAdhuoMke jo chedopasthApanAkA abhAva batalAyA hai aura mahAvratoMmeM sthita honerUpa cAritrako chedopasthApanA likhA hai vaha mUlAcArake kathanase milatA julatA hai| zeSa kathanako vizeSa athavA bhinna kathana kahanA cAhiye /
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________________ zuddhipatra 45 zuddha 8 18 22. puna azuddha vAdara bAdara nizAsana nizAzana aNuvrata aura mahAvrata __ aNuvratI aura mahAvratI paDhagaM paDhamaM tambolo sahu jalamuivi tambolosahu jala muivi aMthavie atthamie -dIyate -datte * rakkhaLaM rakkhaTuM puNa rakkha rakkhaTuM vaTTharaH vaTTakeraH sAgara sAgAra vidiyaM bidiyaM zivakoThiM zivakoTi abhitagatiH amitagatiH caturzIdeM caturbhedaM indriya iMdiya zasya sasya tiSThante saMtiSThante desAmmi desammi -stiSTan -stiSThan amataura Ama taura 42 43 16 3,5 * , * * * * * * *
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