Jain Vastu Vidya

Author(s): Gopilal Amar
Publisher: Kundkund Bharti Trust
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/010125/1

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/ / vAstuzAstraM na laMghayet / / vatthu-vijjA jaina vAstu-vidyA AzIrvacana saMhitAsUri paM0 nAthUlAla jI jaina, indaura (ma0pra0) lekhaka DaoN0 gopIlAla 'amara' bhAratIya jJAnapITha, naI dillI-110003 sampAdana evaM prastAvanA-lekhana DaoN0 sudIpa jaina jainadarzana vibhAga zrI lAlabahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saskRta vidyApITha naI dillI-110016 00 prakAzaka kundakunda bhAratI, naI dillI-110067

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zrI kundakunda bhAratI, naI dillI kA unnIsavA~ puSpa vatthu-vijjA (jaina vAstu - vidyA) prathama saMskaraNa mUlya prakAzaka : 2200 pratiyA~, agasta 1996 : 25 rUpaye : zrI kundakunda bhAratI 18-bI, spezala insTITyUzanala eriyA naI dillI- 110067 dUrabhASa : 664510, 6513138 phaiksa (011 ) 6856286 lez2ara TAIpasaiTiMga priMTaiksela 6852255, 6966168 mudraNa " : je.ke. oNphaseTa priMTarsa, cAvaDI bAjAra, dillI-110006 : pravINa upAdhye, naI dillI AvaraNa-sajjA (c) prakAzaka ke pAsa sarvAdhikAra surakSita prAptisthala : kundakunda bhAratI, naI dillI- 110067 JAIN VASTU-VIDYA (VATTHU-VIJJA) : (Prose) Writer Editing and Preface First Edition Publisher Price : Dr. Gopilal 'Amar' : Dr. Sudeep Jain : 1996 Shri Kundkund Bharti, New Delhi-110067 : 25/

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samarpaNa 'bAharI' aura 'sundarI' kI sArasvata paramparA ko bIsavIM zatAbdI ke jaina nArI-jagata meM punarjIvita karanevAlI evaM jaina jJAna-vijJAna ko jana-jana taka pahu~cAne ke liye usake prakAzana-AyAmoM ko jinhoMne nayI paribhASA dI - aisI 'lakSmI' evaM 'sarasvatI' ke virala 'saMgama' kI anupama mUrti svargIyA zrImatI ramArAnI nena (mAtuzrI sAha zrI azoka kumAra nI jaina) kI puNya-smRti meM kRtajJa zraddhAsumana-svarUpa samarpita -surezacanda jaina prakAzaka

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'vAstu-vidyA' kA anukrama .. ......... .................. ............ viSaya pRSTha saMkhyA prakAzakIya surezacanda jaina.. ................... / lekhakIya DaoN. gopIlAla 'amara' .... sampAdakIya DaoN. sadIpa jaina .... AzIrvacana sahitAsUri paM. nAthUlAla zAstrI . ................... .....VII prastAvanA DaoN. sudIpa jaina ....................x vAstu-vidyA kA artha aura mahattva vAstu-vidyA kA mahattva .... nirmANa kArya : prAcIna aura Adhunika . vAstu' zabda kA artha. 'vAstu aura sthApatya' zabdo kI ekarUpatA ... 'vAstu' aura 'zilpa' zabdo kI tulanA .... vAsta-vidyA aura 'kalA' kI samAnatA..... vAstu-vidyA : atIta para vihaMgama dRSTi ... ............. ..... vAstu-vidyA kA anya viSayoM se sambandha vAstu-vidyA aura zilpazAstra. vAstu-vidyA aura citrakalA ...... .. vAstu-vidyA aura dharmazAstra .. vAstu-vidyA aura arthazAstra..... vAstu-vidyA aura samAjazAstra. ........... vAstu-vidyA para upalabdha sAhitya vAstu-vidyA para vaidika sAhitya karaNAnuyoga ke graMthoM meM vAstu-vidyA .............. pratiSThA-pAThoM me vAstu-vidyA . paMDita AzAdhara kRta 'pratiSThA-sAroddhAra'... Thakkura pheru kRta 'vatthu-sAra-payaraNa'. anya viSayoM ke graMtho me vAstu-vidyA ................ . ............... ....... 6 . ..... .... 10 .... 10 ................ ......... ......... ....12

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............ ...... ..... ... .. ..................... vAstu-vidyA para Adhunika lekhana.. vAstu-vidyA aura paryAvaraNa paryAvaraNa kI zuddhatA... pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu aura AkAza ...... paryAvaraNa aura vanaspati-jagat .. dravya kI zuddhatA sAmagrI ke cayana meM dravya kI zuddhatA......... upakaraNo yA auz2AroM kA stara.... ............ kSetra kI zuddhatA bhUmi ke lie deza aura kSetra kA cayana ... bhUmi-parIkSA kI AvazyakatA bhUmi ke Thosapana kI jA~ca.... bhUmi ke zubha yA azubha hone kI jA~ca..... bhUmi ke cayana meM dhyAna rakhane yogya bAte .. bhUmi kA AkAra aura sthiti ... bhUmi kI zuddhatA : zalya-zodhana yaMtra dizA kA viveka bhUmi ke cayana me dizA kA mahattva dizA kA prakRti se tAlamela. zAMtidAyaka aizAna dizA .... dizAoM ke sambandha meM vyAvahArika niyama ........... zeSanAga-cakra... kAla kI zuddhatA jyotiSa kI dRSTi se kAla-nirNaya. vatsa-cakra dvArA muhUrta kA jJAna.. bhAva kI zuddhatA AcAra-vicAra.... kArIgaroM kI niSThA... sthapati ke guNa... ........... ........... ........ .......... ................ . .. ..

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sthapati Adi kA sammAna.. pratiSThAcArya kA sammAna nirmANa kArya kI rUparekhA leAuTa plAna rekhA-citra aura nakzA. vAstu-puruSa maDala. AyAdi SaDvarga ( vatthu sAra-payaraNa' se). gRha aura gRhasvAmI kI rAzi Adi kA milAna AvAsa gRhoM ke lakSaNa AvAsa gRho ke sAmAnya lakSaNa AvAsa1- gRha aura vRkSa . .. sAta prakAra ke vedha - doSo se bacAva AvAsa gRhoM ke prakAra ATha prakAra ke AvAsa gRha solaha prakAra ke AvAsa gRha causaTha prakAra ke AvAsa gRha stabha sakhyA dvArA paricita ghara.. AvAsa gRhoM ke aMga AvAsa gRho ke aga sAmAnya paricaya.. AvAsa gRha ke aga: dukAna... meM kahA~, kyA banAyA jAe AvAsa gRha siha-dvAra (mena geTa) kI dizA . siha-dvAra aura mukhya dvAra kA saMbaMdha. mukhya dvAra kI U~cAI aura cauDAI. . gRhasajjA kA mahattva nirmANa kArya me dhyAna rakhane yogya kucha bAteM .. Adhunika zailI kA nirmANa AvAsa gRho kA sAmUhika nirmANa. bahu-majile (malTI-sTorIDa) bhavana. audyogika upayoga ke bhavana vAstuvidyA ke naye camatkAra. .......... 36 36 38 38 40 41 44 45 46 47 48 49 49 *XX**655 52 52 53 54 54 58 58 59 60

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.............. ........... .............. .................. .................... ........... ............ ............................. ................... ........... maMdira kI avadhAraNA 'maMdira' zabda kA artha aura bhAvArtha... jaina-maMdira : samavasaraNa kA pratIka ...... jaina tathA anya maMdiroM kI samAnatA maMdira ke aMga aura vibhAga. maMdira kA pramukha aMga maMDapa'.................. jaina-maMdiroM kA nAmakaraNa.... maMdira (jina-prAsAda) ke prakAra.... jaina maMdira kA eka zAstrIyarUpa.. maMdira ke vividha rUpa caubIsI madira..... gRha-maMdira niSIdhikA : nisaI yA nasiyA ............ pratIkAtmaka madira..... sahasrakUTa......... stUpa : jaina sthApatya kI anUThI dena ................ AyAga-paTo para utkIrNa stUpa.. nagara-vinyAsa nagara-vinyAsa aura usake kucha udAharaNa. grAmo aura nagaro ke bheda vaizAlI nagarI kA varNana... nagara-vinyAsa : eka anuciMtana ........ ... jIrNoddhAra kA vidhAna jIrNoddhAra kI paramparA...... jaina-maMdiroM kA jIrNoddhAra. jaina-mUrtiyoM kA jIrNoddhAra .. jIrNoddhAra kA manovijJAna .. ................ uddharaNa aura saMdarbha................... pAribhASika zabdoM kI vyAkhyA.............. sahAyaka granya-sUcI ......... .......... ............ ......... ................. .. ............ .......

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prakAzakIya pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja kI pAvana preraNA se zrI kundakunda bhAratI ne samayasAra', bArasa-aNuvekkhA', 'saMgIta samayasAra' evaM 'tirukkurala' jaise anekoM mahattvapUrNa grantho kA prakAzana kiyA; jinako pAThako ne bharapUra Adara pradAna kiyaa| isake phalasvarUpa inameM se anekoM granthoM ke kaI saMskaraNa bhI prakAzita huye| -yaha hameM gaurava tathA harSa kA viSaya hai| samprati dezabhara meM vAstuzAstra' yA 'vAstuvidyA kI carcA vyApakarUpa se cala rahI hai| anekavidha UhApoha cala rahA hai| aise me jainadarzana ke pariprekSya meM 'vAstuzAstra-sambandhI kisI prAmANika racanA kI mA~ga dharmAnurAgIjana prAyaH karate rahate the, jisako par3hakara 'vAstuzAstra ke sambandha meM jainadRSTikoNa se paricita huA. jA sake tathA vyAvahArika jIvana me usakA samucita upayoga kiyA jA ske| sAtha hI yaha bhI apekSita thA ki vaha ati vistRta yA gUr3ha bhI na ho, ki sAmAnyajana usakA abhiprAya hI nahIM samajha sake; tathA jo jainazAstro kI maryAdA me rahakara hI sampUrNa tathyo kA Adhunika Dhaga se vyavasthita prastutIkaraNa karatI ho| dharmAnurAgI vidvAn DaoN0 gopIlAla 'amara' ne isa viSaya me paryApta zramapUrvaka aneka grantho kA AloDana kara sapramANa isa pustaka kA lekhana kiyA eva eka bar3I AvazyakatA kI pUrti karane kI dizA me sArthaka prayAsa kiyA hai| tathA vidvadvareNya zraddheya paM0 nAthUlAla jI zAstrI, sahitAsUri ne isakA avalokana kara isa "jaina vAstuvidyA' rUpI bhavana para 'AzIrvacana' kA maMgala-kalaza sthApita kara ise magalamaya banAyA hai| sevAbhAvI vidvAn DaoN0 sudIpa jaina ne sUkSmatApUrvaka pratyeka viSaya kA Adhunika vaijJAnika Dhaga se sampAdana karate huye isa para saMkSipta kintu vizada prastAvanA likhakara isake pustakIya agopAgo ko paripUrNatA pradAna kI hai| isaprakAra mukhyataH ina tInoM vidvAno ke zrama kA suphala banakara 'jaina vAstuvidyA' nAmaka yaha kRti pAThako ke hAtho meM prastuta karane kA saubhAgya kundakunda bhAratI ko mila rahA hai; ataH ina tIno vidvAno kA hRdaya se AbhAra mAnatA huuN| vizeSata. paMDita nAthUlAla jI zAstrI kA atyanta kRtajJa hU~, jinhone vayovRddhAvasthA me bhI atyanta zrama eva samarpaNapUrvaka sUkSma nirIkSaNa karate huye (jaima vAstu-vidhA

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isa kRti kI prAmANikatA kI puSTi kI hai tathA aneko upayogI sujhAvoM se isakA gaurava bar3hAyA hai| sAtha hI suprasiddha anubhavI vAstuzAstrIdvaya paM0 bAhubali jI upAdhye eva paM0 jayakumAra jI upAdhye ne isakA prAyogika dRSTi se bhI tulanAkara nirIkSaNa kiyA hai aura isakI vyavAhArika upayogitA pramANita kI hai, ataH ukta donoM vidvAnoM kA bhI hRdaya se AbhAra mAnatA huuN| sAtha hI nirdoSa lez2ara TAIpasaiTiMga ke lie priMTaiksela, naI dillI evaM alpAvadhi meM AkarSaNa mudraNa ke je0ke0 oNphaseTa priMTarsa, dillI dhanyavAdAha hai / anya bhI aneko sahayogIjanoM kA naiSThika sahayoga isa kArya meM nimitta banA hai, una sabhI ko bhI dhanyavAda detA hU~ / yaha pustaka isa viSaya kI pravezikA mAtra hai, digambara jaina granthoM me isa viSaya me anekatra bahuta-sI sAmagrI bharI huI hai / AzA hai vizeSajJa vidvAn evaM samarpita anusandhAtAoM ke liye yaha pustaka navIna saMbhAvanAoM ke dvAra kholegI tathA unhe dizA dene kA acchA nimitta bnegii| isa samasta kArya ke niSpAdana meM mUla nimittakAraNa pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnaMdajI munirAja kA magala AzISa hI rahA hai, ataH unakI atyanta vinayabhAva se kRtajJatApUrvaka vandanA karatA huuN| suprasiddha viduSIratna svargIyA zrImatI ramArAnI jaina ne 'bhAratIya jJAnapITha' jaisI sArasvata sasthA kA nirmANakara gauravazAlI evaM bhAratIya saskRti ke pratinidhi sAhitya ke prakAzana kA puNyadvAra udghATita kiyA; ataH unhIM kI puNya smRti me yaha kRti unhe samarpita karatA huuN| jaina vAstu-vidyA surezacanda jaina matrI zrI kundakunda bhAratI, naI dillI

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lekhakI deza ko, balki duniyA ko, anekatA meM ekatA caahie| dharma aura rAjanIti meM samanvaya, naitikatA aura vyavasAya meM sagati, sAhitya aura vijJAna meM sahayoga caahie| ikkIsavIM zatAbdI kA sarjanAtmaka svAgata honA caahie| ina sabhI 'cAhie' kI pUrti hogI saste-suMdara-sudRr3ha makAnoM se, sthApatya se, vAstu se; makAna manuSya kI maulika AvazyakatA hai, sthAyI upayoga kI vastu hai| vastu kA artha hai dravya / dravya sat hai| sat vaha hai, jisameM utpAda aura vyaya kI niratara prakriyA calatI rahatI hai| yaha prakriyA carAcara jagata kI prakRti hai| prakRti vaha kAraNa hai, jisase vAstu kA nirmANa hotA hai| isalie jo vAstu prakRti ke anukUla hotI hai, vaha sastI-suMdara-sudRr3ha hotI hai| vAstu-vidyA nirmANa kI vidyA hai, dhvasa kI nhiiN| manuSya to manuSya, pazupakSI taka surakSA aura zAti cAhate hai| bayA pakSI kA ghoMsalA kalA-kauzala kA adbhuta udAharaNa hai, to cUhe kA zata-mukha bila nIti-nipuNatA kA pratIka hai| bayA kI kalA aura cUhe kI nIti na to prakRti ke pratikUla hai aura na kisI ko kaSTa me DAlatI haiM; balki manuSya kA manoraMjana karatI haiM aura dUsare prANiyo ko zaraNa detI hai| madira, makAna, kArakhAnA, kaoNlonI Adi kA nirmANa bayA aura cUhA ke siddhAta para ho, to usase sukha bhI milegA aura suvidhA bhI; jabaki usase prakRti akSata rahegI aura kisI ko kaSTa nahI phuNcegaa| isIlie vAstuvidyA ke jo niyama aura paraparAe~ hai, ve sAttvika vicAro aura ahisaka AcAra kI sUcaka haiM, unake anupAlana se manuSya pragati ke zikhara para phuNcegaa| citana kI yaha dhArA pravAhita huI hai aSTottara-zata-lakSaNa-vibhUSita madhyama-parameSThI AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI se, jinheM yaha zlokAjali samarpita hai "vadanaM prAsAda-sadanaM hRdayaM sadayaM sudhAmuco vaacH| karaNaM paropakaraNaM yeSAM keSAM na te vandyAH / / " yaha pustaka isI dhArA kA eka bidu hai| isake paThana-pAThana se dRSTi - jana vAstu-vidyA

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sthira hogI aura jJAna meM gabhIratA AegI, jisase paMDitajI yA pratiSThAcArya kA lAbha adhika-se-adhika liyA jA skegaa| __vAstu-vidyA ke vidvAna DaoN. rAjArAma jaina, paM. bAhubalI pArzvanAtha upAdhye, paM. jayakumAra zAstrI, tathA jijJAsu zrI ramezacanda jaina (pI.esa.je.) aura zrI surezacandra jaina (matrI, kundakunda bhAratI) ke protsAhana se yaha pustaka likhI jA sakI, unakA kRtajJa haiN| bhAratIya purAtatva sarvekSaNa kA bhI kRtajJa hU~, sabhI chAyAcitroM ke prakAzana kI anumati ke lie| kalAkAra, lejara TAipasaiTara aura mudraka kA AbhArI huuN| AzIrvacana ke lie vayovRddha saMhitAsUri paM. nAthUlAla jI zAstrI, indaura ko sapraNAma dhanyavAda / sAragarbhita prastAvanA evaM sUkSma nirIkSaNapUrvaka Adhunika vaijJAnika vidhi ke sampAdana-kArya ke lie DaoN0 sudIpa jaina kA hRdaya se AbhArI hU~ prakAzaka sasthAna kundakunda bhAratI ke adhyakSa, matrI aura nyAsi-maMDala kA bhI sadhanyavAda AbhAra mAnatA huuN| 1.5.1096 gopIlAla amara jana bAstu-viyA)

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sampAdakI Adhunika vidhi se likhita pustakeM apane Apa meM yathAsaMbhava vyavasthita prakriyA ke antargata nirmita hone se unameM 'sampAdana' ke vizeSa avakAza yA apekSA kA anubhava nahIM kiyA jAtA hai; tathApi Ajakala pracalita anekoM vidhiyoM evaM zailiyoM meM se kisa vidhi yA zailI kA anusaraNa karake viSaya ko vyavasthA pradAna kI jAya - isakA nirdhAraNa karane ke liye sampAdaka ko nirdeza karanA apekSita hotA hai; tAki pAThakoM ko viSaya ko vyavasthita DhaMga se samajhane meM anukUlatA rhe| prastuta kRti meM sampAdana kI dRSTi se tIna bindu vizeSataH vicAraNIya haiM-prathama to zodhaparaka zailI meM tathyAtmaka prastutIkaraNa hone se isameM AdhAra-granthoM kA ullekha honA apekSita thaa| kintu bIca-bIca me uddharaNoM kI adhikatA viSaya ko prAyaH bojhila banA detI hai tathA pravAha bhI bhaMga hotA hai| ataH viSaya ko sugama evaM gatizIla banAye rakhane ke liye bIca meM uddharaNa dene se yathAsaMbhava bacA gayA hai| tathA jahA~ apekSita thA, vahA~ zIrSakramAMka (riphreMsa nambara) DAlakara pustaka ke anta me unake uddharaNa sapramANa diye gaye haiN| dusare unheM (riphreMsa nambarsa ko) sAmAnyataH kramikarUpa se Adi se anta taka nirantara diyA gayA hai, tathApi kahIM-kahIM eka hI viSaya kA puna: prasagavazAt Age ullekha hone para use punaH vahI zIrSa kramAMka (riphresa nambara) diyA gayA hai, jo prathama bAra usa viSaya kA ullekha Ane para diyA gayA thaa| isa zailI ko apanAkara eka hI uddharaNa bAra-bAra dene kI duvidhA eva adhika jagaha bharane kI parezAnI se mukti pAyI hai| tIsare pAribhASika zabdAvali kA paricaya evaM sandarbha-granthoM ke saskaraNa Adi kA vivaraNa bhI anta meM diyA gayA hai| tAki grantha me Agata vizeSa pado (TeknIkala Tasa) ko pAThaka sarala eMva paricita zabdAvali me samajha skeN| tathA 'jo sandarbha diye gaye haiM, ve usa graMtha ke kisa saMskaraNa se udadhRta haiM - yaha tathya spaSTa ho ske| kyoMki eka hI grantha ke bhinna-bhinna sthAnoM se prakAzita saskaraNoM ke pAThoM, padya kramAMkoM evaM pRSTha saMkhyA Adi meM prAyaH aMtara hotA hai| ata. isa bhrama kA nivAraNa karane ke lie sandarbha (jana vAla vija

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granthoM ke saMskaraNoM kA paricaya apekSita hone se vaha bhI diyA gayA hai| vidvAn lekhaka ne ina saba bAtoM kA suniyojita evaM vyavasthita DhaMga se anupAlana karate hue isa saMkSipta kRti ko saMvArA saMjoyA hai| tathA gahana adhyayanapUrvaka tathyoM ko sarala bhASA-zailI meM prastuta kiyA hai| sampAdana karate samaya ina AdhAra binduo kA sUkSmatA se nirIkSaNa karate huye yaha vizeSarUpa se dhyAna rakhA hai ki hindI bhASA ke atirikta anya bhASAoM (urdU, aMgrejI Adi) kI zabdAvali se yathAsaMbhava bacA jAye tAki yaha kRti vibhinna bhASAoM kI zabdAvali kA jamAvar3A nahIM lge| anya bhASAoM ke zabdoM ko yA to () koSThaka meM spaSTIkaraNa hetu diyA gayA hai, athavA phira unake lie hindI meM gaThita zabda aprasiddha yA kaThina hone kI sthiti meM arthAvabodha kI sugamatA ke liye anya bhASAoM ke lokajIvana meM atipracalita zabdoM ko bane rahane diyA gayA hai| jahA~ sarala-sugama hindI zabda upalabdha huye, vahA~ anya bhASAoM ke zabdoM kA hindIrUpa prastuta kiyA gayA hai| tathApi yaha bArIkI se dhyAna rakhA hai ki mUla lekhaka kI bhASA-zailI kA pravAha (phlo ) bhaMga na ho tathA kRtrimatA na lage / astu, phira bhI anekavidha skhalana saMbhava haiM, jinheM vidvajjana kSamA kareMge tathA mujhe unase avagata karAne kI kRpA kareMge, tAki AgAmI saMskaraNoM me unakI punarAvRtti na ho / isa kArya ke liye mUla preraNAsrota aharniza jJAnArAdhanA meM nirata jJAnayogI AcAryazrI vidyAnaMda jI kA preraka vyaktitva hI rahA hai| unhIM kI preraNA evaM vyApaka dRSTi kA sahArA lekara maiM saMpAdana kArya meM pravRtta huA hU~ / maiM apanI ora se yathAsaMbhava sAvadhAnIpUrvaka isa pustaka ko pAThakoM ke lie prastuta karane tatpara huA hU~, AzA hai unakA sneha evaM mArgadarzana sadaiva kI bhA~ti udAratApUrvaka upalabdha rahegA / -DaoN0 sudIpa jaina jaina vAstu-vidyA VI

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AzIrvacana devapUjA ke lie jinamaMdira, jinapratimA, vItarAgI digaMbara guruoM ke dharmopadeza-hetu pravacana-hAla, svAdhyAya ke nimitta sarasvatI-bhavana evaM apane nivAsa aura munirAjo Adi ke AhAra-dAna ke lie uttama-gRha kA nirmANa gRhastha ke kartavyoM meM sammilita hai| apane nyAyopArjita-artha ke sadupayoga aura zuddha AhAra-vihAra ke ye utkRSTa sAdhana haiN| madira aura bhavana-nirmANa meM jo bhUmi-khanana eva zilAnyAsa kI vidhi zubha muhUrta meM kI jAtI hai, usakA eka udAharaNa smaraNIya hai| 'ayodhyA' tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva Adi aneka tIrthakaro kI janma-bhUmi hai| vahA~ mugalakAla me eka digambara jaina maMdira ke sthAna meM masjida kA nirmANa karA diyA gayA thaa| kAlAntara me vahA~ ke hAkima ke pAsa jAkara eka digambara jaina kAryakartA ne nivedana kiyA ki "isa masjida ke sthAna para pahale digambara jaina-madira thaa| usake pramANasvarUpa jamIna ke nIce nIMva me pUjA-sAmagrI vidyamAna hai|" hAkima ne bhUmi khudavAkara jaba vaha pUjA-sAmagrI dekhI, to tatkAla usa sthAna para jinamaMdira-nirmANa kI AjJA de dii| Aja bhI hama zilAnyAsa me tAmrakalaza, dIpaka Adi nIMva meM rakhate hai| prazastiyaMtra bhI vahA~ sthApita karate haiN| prastuta gratha meM dizAsUcaka-yatra se 'pUrva' Adi dizAoM ke jJAna kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| vartamAna meM iMjIniyarsa bhI yahI saMketa karate haiN| parantu usa yaMtra se sUrya kI pUrva dizA 'AgneyakoNa' meM AtI hai| yaha 'AgneyakoNa' pUrva-dakSiNa dizA kA hai| jabaki pUrvadizA Agneya' aura 'IzAna koNa ke madhya meM hai| ye cAroM dizAyeM nizcita rahatI haiM, jabaki sUrya dakSiNAyana-uttarAyaNa hotA rahatA hai| isa truTipUrNa parAmarza se aneka maMdira dakSiNa-dizA meM nirmita ho gye| paMcAMga se sarya kI gati kA ThIka jJAna hotA hai, aura madira, gRha, kUpa Adi ke zilAnyAsa-saMbaMdhI niyama alagaalaga haiM, jinhe jyotiSa zAstra banAtA hai| aise aneka tIrthasthala haiM, jo paristhiti aura suvidhA ke anusAra yathAsthala nirmita na hokara anyatra nirmita hue haiN| parantu hamArA zAzvata tIrtharAja sammedazikhara aisA hai, jahA~ para jisa sthAna se jo tIrthakara mukta hue haiM, usI sthAna para unakA maMdira - jaina pAsta-vidhA VI

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vartamAna meM ToMka va caraNa-cihna (phuTa-priMTsa) nirmita hue haiN| dharaNa-cihna digambara-paramparA ke haiM aura zAstrokta haiN| ataH pUrva 'prI0vI0 kauMsila' tathA vartamAna meM 'suprIma korTa ne ise mAnya kiyA hai| isa tIrtharAja ko 'digaMbara tIrtha siddha karane kA yaha prabala pramANa hai| dizA-vidizA meM zubhAzubha kA isa kRti meM sundara ullekha hai| jyotiSazAstra meM sabhI vidvAnoM ne uttarAyaNa sUrya meM viva-pratiSThA Adi mAMgalika kArya-saMpAdana karanA batAyA hai| parantu Ajakala 'adhikamAsa (madhya kA), 'malamAsa' (navama sUrya kA) evaM guru-zukrAsta ke varjita muhatoM meM bhI pratiSThAyeM va vivAha Adi hone lage haiM, jinake pariNAma kI ora hamArA dhyAna nahIM hai| dakSiNAyana sUrya meM biba-pratiSThA nahIM hotii| mIna rAzi ke sUrya meM bhI yaha niSiddha hai| maMdira nirmANa, gRha-nirmANa kI rAzi. mAha aura tithi, vAra nizcita haiN| dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ke saMbaMdha meM lekhaka ne isameM acchA varNana kiyA hai| bhAva kI dRSTi se gommaTezvara bAhabali kI marti ke nirmAtA kArIgara ne niHspRha-bhAva se mUrti nirmANa kI thii| maiM aneka vyaktiyoM ko jAnatA hU~, jinhone maMdira va mUrti-nirmANa ke avasara para pratiSThA-pUrNa hone taka brahmacarya aura vratopavAsa-saMyamapUrvaka rahane kA niyama le rakhA thaa| pratiSThAkAraka va pratiSThAcArya ke bhAva va kriyA para maMdira va mUrti meM atizaya nirbhara hai| isIlie pratiSThApATha meM digambarAcArya se sarimaMtra dene hetu pratiSThA meM nivedana kiyA jAnA hai| ___ vartamAna me gRhastha-loga apane gRha meM plAsTika yA anya dhAtu kI mUrtiyA~ rakhakara apanA ArAdhanA-ghara pRthak banAne lage hai, jo ucita nahIM hai| apratiSThita-mUrti rakhakara usakI pUjA-AratI-karanA zubha-sUcaka nahIM hai| isa grantha meM jIrNoddhAra kI carcA karate hue jo kucha bhI pramANa diye haiM, unake saMbaMdha meM yaha merA nivedana hai ki jo pratimAyeM prAcIna haiM aura unakA koI upAMga sAdhAraNarUpa meM khaMDita ho gayA ho, to kucha loga mUrti ke samasta avayava chenI se chIlakara upAMga ko navInarUpa meM nirmANa karAne lage haiN| kucha loga mUrti para lepa bhI rakhate hai yaha ucita nhiiN| zAstra meM pratiSThita-mUrti para TAMkI lagAnA niSiddha hai| prAcInatA kAyama rakhane kA mahattva hai| isase mUrtikalA ke itihAsa kI jAnakArI milatI hai| maMdira navadevatAoM ke antargata hai| usakI pUjA hotI hai| pratiSThA jana pAla-viyA VHE

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vidhi meM maMdira va mAna- staMbha kA abhiSeka sAmane darpaNa meM pratibiMba dekhakara 81 kalazoM ke maMtroM dvArA hotA hai| tIrtha kSetroM kI pUjA bhI hotI hai| ina sabakI pUjA pratiSThita mUrti aura tIrthakara deva ke nimitta se hotI hai| inakI pUjA meM guNagAna bhagavAn ke hote haiN| pUjA meM maMdira va tIrthoM ke acetana pASANoM ke guNagAna nahIM hote / isIprakAra vAstu-vidhAna yA vAstu-zAMti me Adara kI dRSTi se maMdira ko 'devatA' kaha diyA gayA hai, kyoMki vahA~ jinendra virAjamAna hoge| pratiSThAcAryoM evaM gRhasthAcAryoM ke lie yaha kRti atyaMta upayogI hai| himAlaya kI yAtrA ke avasara para paramapUjya AcAryazrI 108 vidyAnaMda jI mahArAja ne badrInAtha jAte hue madhya meM zrInagara meM vizrAma kiyaa| vahA~ ke maMdira aura mUrti kA avalokanakara pratiSThAgrantha ke anusAra 'gaja-Aya' me punaH virAjamAna kii| usase vahA~ samAja kI jo zocanIya sthiti thI, usame parivartana hokara sukha-zAMti kA vAtAvaraNa ho gyaa| isa para pratiSThAcAryoM ko dhyAna denA caahie| AdhyAtmika zAMti ke lie maMdira evaM bhautika surakSA hetu gRha Adi kI nirmANa-kalA 'vAstuvidyA' hai| 'jaina vAstuvidyA' nAmaka isa kRti ke vidvAn lekhaka DaoN0 gopIlAla jI 'amara', bhAratIya jJAnapITha, naI dillI hai aura prakAzaka hai: bhArata kI prAcIna bhASA prAkRta, zaurasenI kI zodha-sasthA 'kundakunda bhAratI, naI dillii| isa kRti meM vAstu saMbaMdhI dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva kA vistArapUrvaka vivecana karate hue jinAlaya aura AvAsa kI racanAviSayaka niyama eva upayogI sAhitya saMgRhIta hai| bhavana-nirmAtAoM kI jijJAsA- pUrti hetu isa apUrva racanA ke preraNAsrota evaM mArgadarzaka haiM: paramapUjya AcAryazrI 108 vidyAnanda jI munirAja; jo prAcIna sAhitya kA nirantara adhyayana- citana-manana se upalabdha sAmagrI pradAnakara lekhako ko apane zubhAzIrvAda ke sAtha protsAhana pradAna karate rahate hai| saMpAdana- kalA ke vizruta vidvAn DaoN0 sudIpa jaina isa grantha ke saMpAdaka haiN| AzA hai mahattvapUrNa grantha ke paThana se bhavana nirmANa-saMbaMdhI pUrva - bAdhAoM evaM AzaMkAoM kA nirAkaraNa hokara yathArtha mArgadarzana milegaa| aMta me paramapUjya 'AcAryazrI ke prati kRtajJatA jJApana eva lekhaka 'amara' jI ko unakI isa kRti dvArA vartamAna AvazyakatA pUrti hetu dhanyavAda / jaina vAstu-vidyA nAthUlAla jaina zAstrI indaura IX

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prastAvanA dvAdazAMgI jinavANI meM bArahaveM aMga ke antargata caudahapUrvo meM 'kriyAvizAla' nAmaka eka 'pUrva' hai, jisameM nau karor3a padoM dvArA bahattara (72) kalAoM evaM cauMsaTha (64) vidyAoM kA savistAra-varNana hotA hai| inhIM kalAoM evaM vidyAoM meM 'zilpakalA' evaM 'vAstuvidyA' ke nAma se bhavananirmANa kI zAstrIya eva mAMgalika-vidhi kA paricaya diyA jAtA hai| yugapradhAna AcAryapravara kundakundadeva ne prAkRta 'zruta bhakti' ke chaThaveM padya meM "pANAvAyaM kiriyAvisAlamathaloyabiMdusAra-sudaM" kahakara kriyAvizAla' nAmaka isa aMga kA ullekha kiyA hai| to AcArya pUjyapAda devanandi ne saMskRta 'zrutabhakti' ke terahave zloka meM 'kriyAvizAlaJca' kahakara isakI sUcanA dI hai| 'sarvArthasiddhi' (1/20) nAmaka TIkAgrantha me caudaha pUrvo kA varNana karate huye terahaveM pUrva ke rUpa me kriyAvizAla' nAmaka pUrva kA nAmollekha kiyA hai| AcArya bhaTTa akalakadeva ne 'tattvArtharAjavArtika' (1/20/12), AcArya vIrasena svAmI ne 'dhavalA TIkA (1/1,1,2/114 tathA 9/4, 1, 45/212), AcArya yativRSabha ne 'kasAyapAhaDa' (1/1-1/20/26) tathA AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI ne 'gommaTasAra jIvakANDa (gA0 345-346) meM ukta AcAryoM ne bhI caudaha pUrvo kA varNana karate hue terahave pUrva' ke rUpa me 'kriyAvizAla' nAmaka pUrva kA varNana kiyA hai| kriyAvizAla' nAmaka isa pUrva' kI viSaya-sAmagrI kA paricaya dete haye AcArya bhaTTa akalaMkadeva likhate hai "lekhAdikAH kalA dvAsaptatiH guNAzcatuHSaSTistraNAH zilpAni kAvyaguNa-doSa-kriyA-chandovicitikriyA-phalopabhoktArazca yatra vyAkhyAtA: tkriyaavishaalm|" -(rAjavArtika) artha:-'kriyAvizAla' nAmaka isa pUrva me "lekhanakalA' Adi bahattara (72) kalAo kA, causaTha vidyAo kA, zilpazAstra kA, kAvya-sambandhI guNa. doSa-vidhi kA aura chanda-nirmANa kalA kA vivecana hotA hai| Agama-grantho ke anusAra isa kriyAvizAla pUrva me dasa 'vastugata' eva do sau (200) prAbhRtoM ke mAdhyama se nau karoDa padapramANa dvArA ukta viSayo (jaina vAstu-vidyA

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kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai| jainakozakAroM ne 'kalA' ko "vijJAna' (mAnavizeSa) mAnA hai tathA kalanIya (kalA-viSayoM) ke bhedoM ke AdhAra para isake "visaptati' (bahatara) bheda svIkAra kiye haiN| inhIM bahattara kalAoM meM paiMtAlIsavIM (45) kalA kA nAma 'vatthumANa' yA 'vatthuvijjA' hai (dra0 abhidhAna rAjendra koza', tRtIya bhAga, pR0 376) / jabaki itara bhAratIya paramparA meM vAstuvidyA' (zilpakalA) ko saiMtIsavIM (37) kalA mAnA hai| isa vAstuvidhA' kiMvA 'zilpazAstra ke bAre meM paricaya dete huye jaina zAstrakAra likhate haiM(i) "vAstu-agAram" (sarvArthasiddhi 7/29, tattvArtha rAjavArtika 7/29/1) (ii) "vAstu ca gRham" (tattvArthavRtti : zrutasAgarI, 7/29) (ii) "vAstu gRha-haTTApavarAdikam" (kArtikeyAnuprekSA TIkA, gA0 340) (iv) "vAstu vastrAdisAmAnyam" (lATIsaMhitA, 100) (v) "vasantyasminniti vAstu" (uttarAdhyayana, 3) -ina sabhI paribhASAo ke anusAra vAstu' zabda kA artha nivAsa karane yogya bhavana Adi haiN| 'zabdakalpadruma' (bhAga 4, pRSTha 358) ke anusAra 'vasa nivAse' dhAtu se 'vaseragAre Nicca' isa uNAdisUtra se 'tuNa' pratyaya kA vidhAna hokara "vAstu' zabda niSpanna hotA hai, jisakA artha hai 'gRhakaraNayogyabhUmiH' / arthAt 'gRha' Adi kI to vAstu' saMjJA hai hI, gRha' (makAna) Adi banAne ke liye parigahIta bhUmi ko bhI vAstu mAnA gayA hai| ukta bhavana' Adi vAstu' kA nirmANa jisa kisI bhI bhUmi para yadvAtadvA kaise bhI kara liyA jAye athavA isakA koI vaijJAnika vidhi-vidhAna bhI honA cAhiye? sabhavata. aisI hI koI jijJAsA hone para sUkSma adhyayana, gahana citana eva vyApaka prayogAtmaka anubhavoM ke AdhAra para vAstu-nirmANa ke sambandha me jo niyama-upaniyama banAye gaye, unhe hI vAstuvidyA ke antargata maryAdita kiyA gayA hai| AcArya vIrasena svAmI isa vAstuvidyA ke sambandha me likhate hai"vatyuvijjaM bhUmisaMbaMdhiNamaNaM pi suhAsuhaM kAraNaM vnnnnedi|" artha:-vAstuvidyA (jahA~ vAstu kA nirmANa kiyA jAnA hai, usa) bhUmi se sambandhita tathA anya (vAstunirmANa-vidhi Adi se sambandhita) zubha eva (jana vAstu-vidhA

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azubha kA tathA usake (zubhAzubha ke) kAraNoM kA varNana karatI hai| anyatra kozagranthoM meM bhI isa tathya kI puSTi karate huye kahA gayA hai ki "vAstuno gRha-bhUmervidyA vAstuvidyA / vAstuzAstraprasiddhe guNa-doSavijJAnarUpe kalAmede / " - ( abhidhAna rAjendrakoza, SaSTha bhAga, pR0 880) arthaH- 'vAstu' arthAt bhavana aura bhUmi-donoM se sambandha rakhanevAlI vidyA 'vAstuvidyA' hai| isameM vAstuzAstra ke anusAra vAstu ke guNoM aura doSoM kA vizeSajJAna karAyA jAtA hai| yaha bahattara kalAoM kA eka bheda mAnI gayI hai| ' halAyudhakoza' meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki "vAstuM saMkSepato vakSye gRhAdau vighnanAzanam / " (pRSTha 606) arthAt saMkSepataH 'vAstuvidyA' kA artha ghara Adi meM vighnoM kA nivAraNa karanevAlI vidyA yA kalA-vizeSa hI 'vAstuvidyA' hai| jainagranthoM meM mUlataH vAstuzAstrIya niyama-upaniyamo kA nirmANa 'jinamaMdira' kI dRSTi se huA hai, jise navadevatAoM me parigaNita kiyA gayA hai tathA jisake liye caityAlaya, caityagRha Adi saMjJAo kA prayoga bhI prApta hotA hai / 'pratiSThAsAroddhAra' (padya 10) meM spaSTarUpa se kahA gayA hai ki"jainaM caityAlayaM caityamuta nirmApayan zubham / vAJchan svasya nRpAdezca, vAstuzAstraM na laMghayet / / " artha:-apanA eva rAjA Adi kA bhalA cAhanevAle vyaktiyoM ko jinamandira, jinapratimA evaM unake anya upakaraNoM Adi kA nirmANa karate samaya vAstuzAstra kI maryAdAoM kA ullaghana nahIM karanA caahiye| arthAt jinamadira Adi kA nirmANa vAstuzAstrIya niyamoM ke anurUpa hI karAnA cAhiye / cUki gRhasthajana 'ghara' me rahate haiM; ataH unakI sadbuddhi rahe, dharmakAryoM me ruci pravRtti rahe, bAhya anukUlatA bhI rahe (tAki pariNAma na bigar3eM) sAtha hI unakA svayaM kA, unake parijanoM kA, grAma-nagara- rASTra Adi kA bhI bhalA ho - isa dRSTikoNa se ghara-makAna Adi sAMsArika prayojana se nirmita bhavano ko bhI vAstuzAstra ke anusAra banavAne kI preraNA dI gayI hai| sad gRhastha ko 'sAgAra' yA 'gRhavAsI' kahA gayA hai, phira bhI use dharmAtmA mAnA gayA hai / "bharatajI ghara hI meM vairAgI" jaise vAkyoM meM bhI ghara meM rahakara bhI jaina vAstu-vidyA XII

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vairAgyamAva ke poSaNa kA kathana hai| aba yadi ghara hI azubha hogA, galata DhaMga se nirmita hogA; to usame nirAkulatApUrvaka dharmadhyAna eva saMyama-vairAgya Adi ke prazastakArya kaise saMbhava ho sakege? saMbhavataH isI dRSTi se 'ghara' ko bhI zAstra kI maryAdA ke anusAra zubhakAraka banAne ke liye vAstuzAstra meM sAMsArika upayoga ke bhavanoM kI bhUmi evaM nirmANakArya-saMbaMdhI niyamAvalI bhI batAyI gayI hai| tathA yahA~ taka kahA gayA hai ki "azAstraM mandiraM kRtvA, prajA-rAjAgRhaM tthaa| tadgRhamazubhaM zeyaM, zreyastatra na vidyate / / " artha:-vAstuzAstra kI vidhi se viparIta (niyamaviruddha Thaga se) bane huye jinamaMdira, rAjaprAsAda evaM prajA ke sAdhAraNa makAna Adi kaise bhI bhavana hoM; ve saba (vAstuzAstra-viruddha hone se) azubha hI haiN| uname rahakara kisI kA bhI kalyANa honevAlA nahIM hai| ___saMbhavataH isIliye AcArya ugrAditya ne kalyANakAraka' (7/18) meM kahA hai- "tatrAdito veramavidhAnameva, nigavate vaastu-vicaaryuktm|" artha:--makAna Adi ke nirmANa meM (anya samasta sAmagrI-sahAyakosAdhanoM Adi ke vicAra se pUrva) sarvaprathama vAstuzAstrIya dRSTi se (bhUmiparIkSaNa, bhavananirmANa-yojanA Adi kA) vicAra karane kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| AcAryadeva punaH kahate haiM"prazasta digdezakRtaM pradhAnamAzAgatAyAM prvibhktbhaagm|" (vahI, pR0 109) artha:-prazasta (zubha) dizA evaM prazasta kSetra meM vAstuzAstrIya vidhi se bhavana-nirmANa karanA caahiye| usameM bhI jo pradhAna dizA kA zreSTha bhAga hai, usI meM vidhivat nirmANakArya honA caahiye| 'dhavalA' jaise vizAla jainatattvajJAna-koza' grantha meM bhI vAstuzAstra' athavA vAstuvidyA' ko paryApta mahattva diyA gayA hai tathA vAstu ke vibhinna aMgoM ke bAre meM anekatra prakaraNavazAt ullekha vahA~ prApta hotA hai| yathA(0"jiNagihAdINaM rakkhaNaDappAsesu Thavida olittIo 'pAgAra' nnaam|" -(dhavalA 5/41, pR0 40) artha:-jinamandira Adi bhavanoM kI rakSA ke lie unake cAroM pAvoM me jo bhIta (dIvAra) banAyI jAtI hai, use prAkAra' yA parakoTA' kahate haiN| (1) "vaMdaNamAlabaMdhaNanai purado vida-rukkhaviseso "toraNaM' nnaam|" artha:-vaMdanavAra bA~dhane ke lie dvAra ke Age (dono ora) jo vRkSa-vizeSa xm

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lagAye jAte haiM, unheM toraNa' kahA gayA hai| ina do ullekhoM se spaSTa hai ki jinamaMdira Adi bhavanoM ke cAroM ora parakoTA honA cAhiye, tathA inake dvArA para maMgalasvarUpa 'toraNa evaM 'vaMdanavAra Adi kI vyavasthA honI caahiye| dhyAtavya hai ki ye sabhI vAstuzAstrIya dRSTise zubhakAraka vastuyeM mAnI gayIM haiN| __ vAstuvidyA ke itane vyApaka mahattva evaM lokopayogitva ko dRSTigata rakhate huye paMDitapravara AzAdharasUri ne pratiSThAcArya ko aneka viSayoM ke sAtha 'vAstuzAstra kA vizeSajJa honA bhI anivArya batalAyA hai "bhaavkaadhyyn-jyoti-vaastushaastr-puraannvit|" artha:-(pratiSThAcArya ko) zrAvakAcAra, jyotiSazAstra, vAstuzAstra aura purANagranthoM kA jAnakAra (vizeSajJa) honA caahiye| AcArya bhadrabAhukRta 'bhadrabAhusaMhitA' meM to vAstuzAstra' ke jJAna ko jyotiSa se bhI mahanIya pratipAdita kiyA hai "jyoti kevalaM kAlaM, vAstu-viSyendrasampadA" artha:-jyotiSa zAstra to mAtra kAla-sambandhI hI kathana karatA hai, kintu vAstuzAstra ke anupAlana) se indra-sadRza divya sukha-sAdhana prApta hote haiN| (yadyapi jainadRSTi se yaha kathana uparidRSTyA bahuta saMgata pratIta nahIM hotA hai; tathApi jisa bhavana me bAhya vighna-bAdhA ke binA zAtabhAva se rahane ko mile, to isa duHkhamaya sasAra meM - gRhastha jIvana meM saMsArI prANI ko isase zreSTha bAhya-sampadA anya kauna-sI ho sakatI hai? -isa abhiprAya se yaha susaMgata pratIta hotA hai| vAstuzAstra ke sambandha meM prakhyAta vidvAna sva0 DaoN0 nemicandra jI jyotiSAcArya ke vicAra mananIya haiM-"vAsa (nivAsa) sthAna ko vAstu kahate haiN| vAsa' karane se pUrva vAstu' kA zubhAzubha sthira karake vAsa karanA hotA hai| lakSaNAdi ke dvArA isa bAta kA nirNaya karanA hotA hai ki kaunasI vAstu zubhakAraka hai tathA kauna-sI azubhakAraka hai|" (bhadrabAhu saMhitA, pRSTha 4) jainavAstu-zAstra meM 'IzAna dizA' (uttarapUrva) kA atyadhika mahattva gayA hai| paM0 AzAdhara sUri likhate haiM(jana vAstu-viSNa XIV

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"pUrvazAna vidigbhAge zAntyartha jagatAmihA" (pUjApATha, 11, pR0 37) vRhatkalpasUtra' (457, pR0 113) meM bhI kahA gayA hai-"uttara-puvA pujjaa|" isakI TIkA meM spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki "uttara-pUrvA ca loke puujyaa|" arthAt lokadRSTi se uttarapUrva dizA-IzAnakoNa ko pUjya mAnA gayA hai| yaha eka vicAraNIya bindu hai ki kisI dizA ko 'pUjya' jaisI padavI kA prayoga kisa dRSTi se kiyA gayA? tathA yaha bhI vicAra kareM ki peMca (skU) kA kasanA, pakhe kA ghUmanA, cakkI kA calanA, nakSatroM kI gati. cakravartI kA vijaya abhiyAna, ghar3I kI suI ityAdi anekoM laukika kArya uttara se dakSiNa kI ora hI gatimAna hote haiM; viparIta kiye jAne para inase hitasAdhana nahIM hotA-isakA kyA kAraNa hai? yaha kyA saMyogamAtra hai athavA anya koI tathya bhI isake pIche hai? -yaha gaMbhIratApUrvaka anveSaNIya hai| sabhavata. isI meM uttarapUrva dizA (IzAnadizA) ko pUjya kahane kA rahasya nihita ho| katipaya vidvAnoM ne vAstu ko 'deva' saMjJA bhI dI hai| kintu yaha na to koI arihatAdi kI taraha pUjanIya deva haiM,aura na hI koI svarga ke deva hai| yaha to hamAre liye bAhya anukUlatA kA sAdhana hone se sammAnArtha prayukta pada hai| jaisaki loka me 'atithidevo bhava' kI parikalpanA mAtra sammAnArtha hai| bhAratIya saskRti me hitakArI vyakti, vastu evaM sthAna Adi ko sammAna dene kI paramparA kA hI eka nidarzana vAstudeva' zabda hai| vAstuzuddhi, bhUmipUjana, gRhapraveza Adi samasta vAstu-prasaMgoM meM jainavidhi se jo pUjana kI jAtI hai, vaha mAtra navadevatAo (pacaparameSThIjinacaitya-caityAlaya-jinavANI-jinadharma) kI hI hotI hai, anya kisI sAsArika rAgI-devI-devatA kI nhii| -yaha tathya bhalI-bhaoNti spaSTarUpa se samajha lenA caahiye| prakhyAta vAstuzAstrI vidvavarya paM0 bAhubali jI upAdhye dvArA 1973 I0 me zravaNabelagola me vAstuzAstrIya dRSTi se pariSkAra karane ke bAda usa kSetra kI cahu~mukhI unnati evaM pratiSThA hamAre sabake samakSa vAstuzAstra ke mahattva kA upayogI nidarzana hai| astu, dvAdazAgI jinavANI ke bArahaveM aga ke antargata varNita caudaha (14) pUrvo me terahave (13) pUrva kriyAvizAla' kI antargatA vAstuvidyA' para jainazAsana meM bhale hI koI svataMtra Agamagrantha upalabdha nahIM ho; tathApi (jaina vAstu-vidhA XV -

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jainazAstroM meM prAsaMgika kathanoM ke rUpa meM vAstuvidyA para itane vipula parimANa meM sAmagrI upalaba hai ki use gahana zodha-khojapUrvaka saMkalitakara yadi sampAdita kiyA jAye, to eka vizAla zodha-prabandha nirmita ho sakatA ___ isa dRSTi se vidvavarya DaoN. gopIlAla jI amara viracita yaha kRti to prastAvanA mAtra hai; eka maMgala prAthamika prayAsa hai, jo vidvAnoM ko isa dizA meM kArya karane kI zubha-preraNA ke sAtha unheM Ahata karatA hai| AzA hai vidvajjana isa AhvAna se AkarSita evaM prerita hokara isa dizA meM vyApaka zodha-nimitta agrasara hoNge| vAstava meM vAstuzAstra para lekhanakArya ke liye mAtra zAstrIya adhyayana hI paryApta nahIM hai, apitu vyApaka vyAvahArika anubhava evaM sakSma dRSTi bhI apekSita hai| isa kRti ke vidvAn lekhaka DaoN0 'amara' jI evaM prakAzaka zrImAna surezacanda jI ke apanatvapUrNa anurodha para maiM isakI prastAvanA likhane meM pravRtta huaa| yadyapi maiM bahuta vizeSajJa vidvAn nahIM hU~ tathApi vidvAnoM ke mahattvapUrNa sujhAva-binduoM ko saMjokara alpAvadhi meM jitanA saMbhava thA, utane adhyayanapUrvaka yaha saMkSipta purovacana likhe haiN| yaha kRti sadagRhasthoM ko preraNAdAyI mAMgalika nimitta bane - isa sadbhAvanA ke sAtha virAma letA huuN| --DaoN0 sudIpa jaina XVI

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- avanitala-gatAnAM kRtimA kRtrimANAma, vana-bhavana-gatAnAM divya-vaimAnikAnAmA isa manuja-kRtAnAM devAjArcitAnAma, | jijavana-nilayAnAM mAvatoUM nmaami||

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vAstu-vidyA kA artha aura mahattva vAstu.vidyA kA mahatva ___ vAstu-vidyA kA artha hai bhavana-nirmANa kI klaa'| isI ko prAkRtabhASA meM "vatthu-vijjA', urdU me 'ilme sanAata' aura aMgrejI meM 'ArkITekTaoNniksa' kahate haiN| dharma, jyotiSa, pUjApATha Adi ne milakara vAstuvidyA ko adhyAtma se jor3a diyaa| jisase usakA pracAra eka AcAra-saMhitA kI bhA~ti huA hai| usase samAja kI AsthA jur3I hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki vAstu-vidyA atIta kI vastu hote huye bhI vartamAna kI vastu usase kahIM adhika hai| vAstu-vidyA ke prati AkarSaNa prAcInakAla se aba taka bar3hatA hI rahA hai| vartamAna gaganacubI bhavanoM, samudrAkAra bA~dhoM Adi ke nirmANa ke vartamAna siddhAta mUlarUpa meM ve hI haiM, jo AraMbha se pracalita rahe haiN| lagatA hai, vAstuvidyA ke prAcIna siddhAto para prAcInakAla meM utanA vyApaka nirmANa nahIM ho sakA, jitanA Aja ho rahA hai| Aja yaha vidyA sAIsa oNpha ArkiTekcara' ke rUpa me eka svatatra viSaya bana cukI hai| kaI vizvavidyAlayo meM isa vidyA ke adhyApana ke lie svatatra vibhAga aura mahAvidyAlaya sthApita kie gae haiN| isa viSaya para uccatama stara para zodhakArya bhI ho rahe haiN| vaijJAnika suvidhAo aura audyogika AvazyakatAo ne vAsta-vidyA kA eka atyAdhunikarUpa vikasita kiyA hai| isa vidyA ke apratyAzita camatkAroM kI pratIkSA sahajabhAva se kI jAne lagI hai, yahI vAstu-vidyA ke mahattva kA pramANa hai| nirmANa kArya : prAcIna aura Adhunika mAnava-jIvana ke anya kSetroM kI bhA~ti isa kSetra meM bhI prabala krAti haI hai| prAcIna paramparAoM kA sthAna aba naI-naI zailiyoM aura nirmANa-vidhiyA~ le cukI haiN| nirmANa kI sAmagrI bhI aba Adhunikatama AviSkAroM se pUrI taraha prabhAvita hai| patthara kA prayoga aba sajAvaTa taka sImita raha gayA hai| lakar3I kA sthAna plAsTika Adi kRtrima padArtha lete jA rahe hai| suMdaratA (jaina vAstu-vidyA

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aura suvidhA-saMpannatA ke nae kIrtimAna sthApita ho cuke haiN| jyotiSa, maMtrataMtra Adi para AdhArita vAstu-vidyA ke badale rekhAgaNita, mausama-vijJAna, samAja-vijJAna Adi ko mAnyatA mila rahI hai| ___ janasaMkhyA ke dabAva ne nirmAtAoM ko kama-se-kama bhUmi para adhika se adhika AvAsa-gRha juTAne ko vivaza kara diyA hai; isalie gaganacuMbI bhavana khar3e kie jA rahe haiM, vizAla-vistRta kaoNloniyoM aura nagara basAe jA rahe haiN| udyoga-nagariyo kA vikAsa sarvatra ho rahA hai; Adhunikatama kArakhAne lagAe jA rahe haiN| sArvajanika suvidhAoM ke sAdhana juTAe jA rahe haiN| dhArmika aura sAskRtika sthAnoM ke nirmANa kI bhI yahI sthiti hai| paryAvaraNa ko santulita banAe rakhane ke lie vRkSAropaNa aura udyAnIkaraNa ko protsAhana diyA jA rahA hai| AkarSaka paryaTana-sthala astitva meM A rahe haiN| pazu-pakSiyo ke lie abhayAraNyoM kA vikAsa ho rahA hai| parantu parama saMtoSa kA viSaya hai ki bhavana-nirmANa kalA ke isa prabala parivartana ke yuga meM bhI prAcIna vAstu-vidyA kA smaraNa kiyA jAtA hai| dharma aura vAstu-vidyA ke bhUle-bisare saMbadha punaH sthApita kie jAne lage haiN| aneka nirmAtA, sthapati (ArkiTekTa) aura vAstuvida prAcIna vAstuzAstrIya siddhAto kA sahArA le rahe haiN| anekAneka gRhastha aura udyogapati apane bhavano aura makAno meM vAstu-vidyA ke anurUpa sudhAra karAte dekhe jA sakate haiN| isa mAnyatA para logo kA vizvAsa Aja bhI hai ki dizA badalane se dazA badala sakatI hai| 'vAstu' zabda kA artha 'vAstu' zabda saskRta kI 'vas' kriyA se banA hai, jisakA artha hai 'rahanA' / manuSyo, devo aura pazu-pakSiyoM ke upayoga ke lie miTTI, lakaDI, patthara Adi se banAyA gayA sthAna vAstu' hai| saskRta kA vasati' aura kannaDa kA 'basadi' zabda bhI vAstu ke artha me hI haiN| hindI kA bastI' zabda bhI vAstu se sabaddha hai, parantu vaha grAma, nagara Adi ke artha me pracalita ho gayA hai| sonA-cA~dI, dhana-dhAnya, dAsI-dAsa, kupya-bhANDa se bhI pahale kSetra aura vAstu ko sthAna dekara 'tattvArtha-sUtra' meM AcArya umAsvAmI ne vAstu-vidyA ko do hajAra varSa pahale jo mahattva diyA thA, vaha Aja bhI vidyamAna hai| (jaina vAstu-vidhA -

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'vAstu' aura 'sthApatya' zabdoM kI ekarUpatA 'vAstu' kA hI artha denevAlA saMskRta zabda hai 'sthApatya' / vaha 'sthA' kriyA se banA hai, jisakA artha hai : rahanA, ThaharanA, TikanA aadi| isake lie aMgrez2I meM 'ArkiTekcara' aura urdU meM 'imArata' zabda haiN| cAra upavedoM meM se eka kA nAma hai 'sthApatya veda' 'hindI zabdasAgara ke anusAra ise vizvakarmA ne 'atharvaveda se nikAlA thaa| isa saMdarbha meM vizeSarUpa se ullekhanIya hai ki prathama tIrthakara RSabhanAtha ke eka putra kA nAma vizvakarmA'" bhI thA aura unake jyeSThaputra bharata kA anya nAma 'atharvA" bhI thA / * 'sthApatya' zabda kA pahalA rUpa hai 'sthapati', jisakA artha hai 'mistrI' yA 'rAjagIra' / ullekhanIya hai ki saMskRta me sthapati' zabda kA eka artha hai 'kubera'; aura yaha bhI ullekhanIya hai ki tIrthakara ke samavasaraNa kA nirmANa iMdra ke Adeza para kubera hI karatA hai| 'vAstu' aura 'zilpa' zabdoM kI tulanA saMskRta me hI eka aura zabda hai, 'shilp'| yaha usI kriyA se banA hai, jisase 'zilA' banA hai| 'zilA' kA artha hai 'patthara', isIlie 'zilpa' kA artha honA cAhie patthara kA kAma' / 'zilpa' zabda kA kucha artha parivartana huA, jisase vaha 'vAstu' kA artha kama aura 'kalA' kA artha adhika dene lgaa| 'zilpa' zabda kA artha-vistAra bhI huA, jisase usameM aba sabhI prakAra kI dastakAriyA~, lalita kalAe~ aura yAMtrika kalAe~ AtI haiN| prathama tIrthakara RSabhanAtha ne janatA ko AjIvikA ke chaha sAdhana batAe the 7 : asi, masi, kRSi, vANijya, vidyA aura zilpa / iname se vidyA ke anekarUpoM meM vAstu-vidyA aura zilpa kalA bhI rahI honI caahie| vAstu-vidyA aura 'kalA' kI samAnatA dvAdazAga jinavANI ke bArahave aMga 'dRSTivAda' ke aMtargata caudaha pUrvo' me 'kriyA-vizAla' nAmaka terahave pUrva meM vividha kalAo aura vidhAo kA samAveza hai, jinameM 'vAstu-vidyA' bhI eka hai| 'samavAyAga-sUtra' ke anusAra cauMsaTha kalAoM meM chappanavIM se ikasaThavIM taka kI chaha kalAe~ vAstava meM vAstuvidyA kI hI vibhinna zAkhAe~ haiN| unake nAma haiM: skadhAvAra-mAna (sainya ziviro kI laMbAI-caur3AI), nagara-mAna, vAstu-mAna, skaMdhAvAra niveza, jaina vAstu-vidyA

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vAstu-niveza aura ngr-nivesh| kAlAntara meM vAstu-vidyA eka svataMtra viSaya bana gaI, taba bhI ye chahoM rUpa kalAo meM sammilita bane rhe| vidyAoM aura kalAoM meM kaI dRSTiyoM se samAnatA hai; donoM kI adhiSThAtrI devI sarasvatI hai, jisakA eka nAma hai 'brAhmI / tIrthakara RSabhanAtha kI jyeSTha putrI kA nAma bhI brAhI thA; usane lipi-vidyA kA pravartana kiyA thaa| usa sarasvatI aura isa brAhmI meM aura bhI kaI bAtoM meM ekarUpatA hai| ataH kahA jA sakatA hai ki "vAstu-vidyA kA pravartana brAhmI se huA thaa|" vAstu-vidyA : atIta para vihaMgama dRSTi manuSya kI tIna maulika AvazyakatAe~ haiM: roTI, kapar3A aura mkaan| -yaha kathana itihAsa, samAjazAstra aura manovijJAna kI dRSTi se hai| manovijJAna kI dRSTi se pAMcavIM zatAbdI meM AcArya pUjyapAda ne 'iSTopadeza'10 meM likhA thAH "jo jahA~ raha rahA ho, vaha vahIM rama jAtA hai; vaha jahA~ rama jAtA hai, vahA~ se kahIM aura nahIM jAnA caahtaa|" unase bhI pUrva prathama zatI I0 me AcArya samantabhadra ne ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra' me dAna ke jo cAra prakAra batAe the," uname eka AvAsa bhI hai; yaha dhArmika dRSTi hai| prAkRtika guphAo ko kATa-chA~Takara vanavAsI sAdhuoM ke rahane yogya banAne kI paramparA isIlie clii| dakSiNa bhArata me, vizeSataH karNATaka meM maMdiro ke sAtha muni-vAsa' banAne kI prathA Aja bhI hai; isIlie vahA~ madira ko basadi (vasati) kahate haiN| ___ AvAsa ke dhArmika mahattva se madira-sthApatya kA vikAsa huA hogaa| dasavIM zatAbdI meM AcArya vIrasena ne 'SaTkhaNDAgama' kI apanI 'dhavalA' nAmaka TIkA12 me saMketa kiyA thA ki "vAstu-vidyA me bhUmi ke sandarbha meM zubhAzubha phaloM kA vidhAna hotA hai| paurANika AkhyAnoM se sthApatya ke AkAra-prakAra meM vividhatA aaii| isameM sahAyatA kI loka-vidyA' (kaoNsmolaoNjI) ne, jisameM madhyaloka, nandIzvara dvIpa, DhAI-dvIpa, jambUdvIpa, bharata kSetra, videha kSetra, meru parvata Adi kI adbhuta-apUrva racanAoM ke vistRta varNana haiN| ina sabhI kAraNoM se bhAratIya vAstuvidyA itanI vyAvahArika aura vaijJAnika bana gayI ki usakA pracAra vRhattara bhArata meM, vizeSataH dakSiNapUrva eziyA meM bhI huaa| svaya bhArata meM videzI zAsakoM ne isakA pratyakSa yA

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parokSarUpa meM anukaraNa kiyaa| pASANoM para utkIrNa mUrtiyA~, bela-bUTe Adi unheM itane rucikara lage ki unhoMne ve naye nirmANoM meM jyoM ke tyoM banavA diye / yahA~ taka ki anekAneka bhAratIya nirmANoM ko unhoMne UparI parivartana karake apane pUjAsthaloM kA rUpa de diyaa| isakA vistRta vivaraNa vAstuvidyA ke videzI vidvAnoM ne anekatra diyA hai | 13 (jaina vAstu-vidyA

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vAstu-vidyA kA anya viSayoM se sambandha zilpakalA uparyukta kAraNoM se vAstu-vidyA kA vikAsa huA, jisakI anugAmI huI zilpa-kalA / isa vidyA-kalA ke yugala ne dharma ke sAtha jur3akara bhAratIya vAGmaya ko kAvya-graMtho ke bAda kadAcit sarvAdhika graMtha diye| rAjamahaloM kI bAhya aura AMtarika sajjA, yahA~ taka ki zayyA-Asana Adi taka ke AkAra-prakAra para ina graMtho ne vistRta niyama aura upaniyama bnaaye| terahavIM zatAbdI me AcArya-kalpa paDita AzAdhara jI ne cetAvanI dI ki 'jaina madira aura mUrti kA nirmAtA apanA aura apane rAjA kA bhalA cAhe, - to vAstuzAstra kA ullaghana nahIM kare' : "vAstu zAstraM na laMghayet / "14 vAstu-vidyA aura zilpa kalA ke yugala ne vAGmaya ke kSetra me praveza se bahuta pahale vyAvahArikarUpa lenA AraMbha kara diyA thaa| lagabhaga pA~ca hajAra varSa pUrva siMdhu ghATI kI sabhyatA' me ye yugala kulA~ce bharane lagA thA / sidha-sabhyatA aura tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke bIca ke kAla me vaha yugala kizora avasthA kI ora baDhA; jaba uttara pradeza ke mathurA me 'deva-nirmita' stUpa kI racanA huI / mathurA me hI vAstu-vidyA aura zilpa kalA ke yugala ne yuvAvasthA kI ora kadama baDhAyA tathA ur3IsA me isane udayagiri khaDagiri aura bihAra meM pA~ca pahAr3iyoM Adi kI yAtrA kI / bhAratIya itihAsa ke svarNakAla me gupta sAmrAjya ke aMtargata pA~cavIMchaThI zatI taka usane yauvana kI dehalI para pA~va rkhe| madhyakAla taka vAstuvidyA aura zilpa kalA kA yugala rAjagaddI para baiTha cukA thaa| jaba ailorA ke guphA maMdira, zravaNabelagola ke gommaTezvara bAhubalI, khajurAho ke mUrtimAn maMdira, AbU ke saMgamaramarI zilpa, zatrujaya Adi ke maMdira nagara, jaisalamera Adi ke zAstra bhaDAra tathA anya camatkAra sAmane aaye| ina camatkAroM meM sthApatya aura zilpa kI aisI sagati baiThAI gaI hai, jaisI zabda aura artha kI hotI hai. kAvya aura rasa kI hotI hai / 15 usase samajha meM AtA hai ki sthApatya aura zilpa para sayukta graMtha kyoM likhe gae, alaga-alaga kyoM nhiiN| (jaina vAstu-vidyA

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vAstu-vidyA aura citrakalA zilpa kI bhA~ti citra bhI sthApatya ke sAtha vikasita hue| prAgaitihAsika kAla meM kucha kSetroM meM to sthApatya yA zilpa ke pracalana se pUrva hI citrAkana dvArA guphAe~ alaMkRta kI jAne lagI thiiN| ye citrAMkana hI nikhara-sa~varakara mandiroM meM praviSTa hue, to darzakoM ke puNya-sacaya kA nimitta bane aura nivAsa-gRhoM meM praviSTa hue. to nava-vadhuoM ko ulajhana meM DAlane lage; kyoMki unameM citrita nara-nAriyoM ko ve sajIva samajha baiThatI thiiN|| vAstuvidyA aura citrakalA kA pAsparaparika sahayoga evaM sambandha anupama hai| ajatA, bAdAmi, ailorA, sittanna-vAsala, vijaya-maMgalama, tirumalaya, kAMcIpurama Adi vizeSataH dakSiNa bhAratIya tIrtha jitane sthApatya aura zilpa ke kAraNa prasiddha haiM; utane hI citrAMkanoM ke kAraNa jAne jAte haiN| pADulipiyoM arthAt hastalikhita granthoM meM sahasroM kI saMkhyA meM baharaMgI citra banAe gae, unameM svarNa-nirmita rozanAI taka kA prayoga kiyA gyaa| dharmazAstra __ vAstu arthAt 'bhUmi aura usa para nirmANa ke lie dhana caahie| dhana kI prApti ke lie sulajhI huI dRSTi, kuzala kAryakrama aura kaThora parizrama cAhie; ye tIno eka-rasa hokara dhana to juTAte hI haiM, dharma kI bhAvanA bhI jagAte haiN| isase spaSTa hai ki vAstu-vidyA aura dharma kI bhAvanA kA janma sAtha-sAtha eka hI garbha se hotA hai| iSTa-deva ke mUrtIkaraNa meM, mUrti ke lie madira ke nirmANa meM, maMdira ke anukUla sAja-sajjA meM vAstu-vidyA hI kAma karatI hai| dUsarI ora bhUmi ke cayana aura saMskAra meM, nirmANa kI rUparekhA aura zubhAraMbha meM, sajAvaTa aura gRha-praveza meM dharmazAstra kI bhUmikA hotI hai| isaprakAra dharmazAstra aura vAstu-vidyA eka-dUsare kI pUrti karate haiN|" kahA jA sakatA hai ki dharmazAstra ne vAnaprastha, saMnyAsa, gAtra-mAtra. parigraha (zarIra hI hai parigraha jinakA, aise digaMbara sAghu) Adi zabda gar3hakara vAstuvidyA ko pIche DhakelA hai; paraMtu yaha bhI to kahanA hogA ki dharmazAstroM ne vivAha, nirvAha, dAna, satkAra Adi ke vidhAna karake vAstu-vidyA ko bar3hAvA bhI diyA hai| paMDita AzAdhara jI ne to yahA~ taka kaha diyA hai ki "asalI ghara to gRhiNI (dharmapatnI) hai, na ki dIvAreM aura AsandikI (sophAseTa) aadi| 20 jana pArata-vidhA

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vAstuvidyA aura arthazAstra - 'AvazyakatA AviSkAra kI jananI hai, yaha bAta purAnI par3a gayI hai; aba to AviSkAra AvazyakatA kA janaka bana baiThA hai| kucha aisA hI cakra vAstu-vidyA aura arthazAstra ke madhya hai| vAstu-vidyA roTI kapar3A aura makAna ke makAna' taka hI sImita nahIM raha gaI hai| makAna banAU kaMpaniyA~, nagarabasAU vyavasAyI, bahurASTrIya udyogapati, rela-udyoga Adi-Adi ko dhana cAhie; lekina usase pahale paira TikAne ko jagaha cAhie; jagaha para vijJAna sammata bhavano kI zrRMkhalA caahie| Aja vAstu-vidyA aura arthazAstra kA vahI saMbaMdha bana gayA hai, jo colI aura dAmana kA hotA hai; yadyapi yaha saMbaMdha apane DhaMga se aura apane stara para prAcInakAla meM bhI thA / 21 eka se dUsare ko alaga karake vAstu-vidyA aura arthazAstra kA adhyayana pUrNa nahIM ho sakatA hai| samAjazAstra samAjazAstra aura sAmAjikI (hyUmainiTIja) ke zatAdhika rUpoM kA sabaMdha, pratyakSa yA parokSa, vAstu-vidyA se avazya hai| kucha udAharaNa prastuta haiM / rAjanIti aura prazAsana ko vAstu-vidyA ne agama- amedya durga die, divya bhavya bhavana die, svarga-sadRza nagara die, bhArata aura zrIlakA ke madhya samudra setu diyA, cakravyUha aura lAkSAgRha kI kalpanA dI, sindhu sabhyatA ke nagara- niveza die aura bhI bahuta kucha diyA / manovijJAna ke vikAsa me vAstu-vidyA kA yogadAna maulika hai| 'mana caMgA to kaThautI meM gaMgA': kaThautI yAnI kATha kI patIlI meM bharA pAnI bhI gaMgAjala kA Anada detA hai: agara mana caMgA ho, prasanna ho / mana caMgA hotA hai sthiratA (sTebiliTI) se sthiratA AtI hai taba, jaba sira Dhakane ko chappara ho | 22 chappara kI vidyA hI vAstu-vidyA hai| 23 phalita 24 aura gaNita jyotiSa vAstu-vidyA meM Adi se aMta taka vyApta haiN| gRhasvAmI kI to bAta hI kyA, gRha yA bhUmi ke bhI graha-nakSatra kA milAna anivArya batAyA gayA hai| gaNita jyotiSa kA paryAvaraNa aura vijJAna se sIdhA saMbaMdha hai, isalie usake anukUla banA ghara hI zubha yA lAbhadAyaka jaina vAstu-vidyA

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hogaa| vAstu-vidyA kI lokapriyatA kA mukhya kAraNa yahI hai ki usake niyama-upaniyama gaNita jyotiSa ke AdhAra para bane haiN| pUjApATha yA karmakAMDa yA kriyA-kalApa kA saMbaMdha vAstu-vidyA se itanA AtmIya hai ki vAstu-vidyA para svayaM vAstu-vidyA ke graMthoM meM utanA nahIM likhA gayA, jitanA pUjA-pratiSThA ke graMthoM meM likhA gayA hai| yaha tathya jaina saMdarbha meM vizeSataH ullekhanIya hai, jahA~ vAstu-zAstra para svataMtra graMthoM kI saMkhyA atyaMta sImita hai| zuddhatAvAdI dArzanika, sudhAravAdI samAjazAstrI aura vijJAnapremI gRhastha samarthana kareM yA nahIM; kiMtu bhUmi-pUjana, gRha-praveza Adi ke samaya maMtra-zuddhi evaM vidhi-sampAdana kA calana rahA hai| On - (jana vAstu-vidhA

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vAstu-vidyA para upalabdha sAhitya vAstu-vidyA para vaidika sAhitya vAstu-vidyA para sarvaprathama 'atharvaveda' meM prakAza DAlA gyaa| phira purANa, jyotiSa, pratiSThA Adi ke graMthoM meM bhI isa viSaya ko prasagAnukUla sthAna diyA gayA / 'DikzanarI oNpha hiMdU ArkiTekcara' me DaoN. prasanna kumAra AcArya ne vAstu-vidyA para pratyakSa yA parokSa prakAza DAlanevAle lagabhaga do sau sAta graMtho ke nAma sakalita kie hai; uname aneka jaina-graMtha bhI haiN| zailI kI dRSTi se ye gratha dakSiNI aura uttarI paramparAo meM rakhe jAte haiN| dakSiNI paramparA ke mukhya graMtha haiM: zaivAgama, vaiSNava paMcarAtra, atrisahitA, vaikhAnasAgama, dIpti-tantra tatra samuccaya aadi| uttarI paramparA ke pramukha hai: matsya purANa, agni purANa, bhaviSya purANa, bRhat saMhitA (jyotiSa graMtha); kiraNa-tatra, hayazIrSa - pacarAtra, viSNudharmottara purANa (citra kalA ke lie vizeSa), aura hemAdri, raghunaMdana Adi ke pratiSThA gratha / vAstu-vidyA para svatatrarUpa se likhe gae vaidika graMthoM meM vizeSa ullekhanIya haiM: vizvakarmA kA zilpa- zAstra, maya-mata, mAnasAra, kAzyapa-zilpa (aMzumad-bheda ), agastyasakalAdhikAra, sanatkumAra-vAstuzAstra, zilpasagraha, zilparatna, citra- lakSaNa dakSiNI paraparA me; aura vizvakarma-prakAza, samarAgaNa sUtradhAra-maMDana, vAsturatnAvalI, vAstu-pradIpa Adi / karaNAnuyoga ke graMthoM meM vAstu-vidyA jainapurANo tathA karaNAnuyoga ke prAyaH sabhI grathoM se vAstu-vidyA aura zilpazAstra para vizada prakAza par3atA hai| trilokI, madhyaloka, jambUdvIpa, meru, samavasaraNa Adi kI racanA para sahasro gAthAe~ aura zloka haiN| pratIta hotA hai ki una racanAoM se vizAla rAja-prAsAda, bhavya jinAlaya Adi ke rUpa-nirdhAraNa meM preraNA lI gaI thii| jinAlaya to spaSTarUpa se samavasaraNa kA laghurUpa hotA hai| nandIzvaradvIpa kI racanA Aja bhI ASTAnika (aThAI) parvoM para kI jAtI hai| jaina vAstu-vidyA 1080

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karaNAnuyoga kA prAcIna, kiMtu anupalabdha graMtha hai 'loyavibhAga', jisakA saMskRta rUpAMtara loka-vibhAga ke hI nAma se muni siMha sUri (lagabhaga 11vIM zatI) ne kiyA thaa| unhoMne likhA hai ki mUla 'lokavibhAga' kI racanA pallavavazI kAMcI-nareza sihavarmA ke zAsana-kAla meM zaka saMvat 380 (302 I.) me muni sarvanandI ne pATalika nAmaka grAma meM kI thI; paraMtu yaha graMtha isase bhI pUrva rahA pratIta hotA hai, kyoMki 'loyavibhAga' kA ullekha 'tiloyapaNNattI' (176 I.) meM kaI bAra huA hai| niyamasAra kI satrahavIM gAthA meM sandarbhita loya-vibhAga' yahI gratha mAnA jAe, to usakA racanAkAla AcArya kundakunda (52 I.pU. se 48 I. taka) se pUrva mAnanA hogaa| eka aura anupalabdha graMtha hai jyotiSkaraNDaka', jo ki sUrya-prajJapti' nAmaka prAcIna graMtha para AdhArita hai aura jisa para AcArya pAdalipta sUri (5vIM zatI) kI prakaraNa TIkA tathA AcArya malayagiri kI TIkA upalabdha hai| upalabdha grathoM meM sarvAdhika vistRta aura sUcanApradhAna graMtha hai AcArya yativRSabha kA tiloyapaNNattI', jisakA anusaraNa aneka AcAryoM ne kiyA hai| usameM aneka nagariyo ke vistRta vivaraNa haiN| AvAsagRha, jalAzaya, bAjAra, parakoTA, pravezadvAra, rAjabhavana, guphA, stUpa, maMdira, mAnastambha, meru Adi kI laMbAI-caur3AI, U~cAI-gaharAI, nApa-jokha Adi taka batAe gae haiN| tIrthakara ke samavasaraNa kA varNana to aura bhI vistAra se hai| AcArya nemicandra siddhAtacakravartI kA 'trilokasAra' (11vIM zatI), AcArya padamanandi kA 'jaMbuddIvapaNNattI' Adi bhI ullekhanIya hai| _inake atirikta bhI kucha ullekhanIya graMtha hai: aupapAtikasUtra, jIvAjIvAbhigama, sUryaprajJapti, jambUdvIpaprajJapti, caMdraprajJapti, jinabhadra gaNI kA kSetrasamAsa' aura 'sagrahaNI', bRhat-kSetrasamAsa (trailokya-dIpikA), caMdra sUri (12vIM zatI) dvArA saMkalita bRhat-saMgrahaNI'. pradyumna sUri (13vIM zatI) kA vicArasAra-prakaraNa', ratna-zekhara sUri (14vIM zatI) kA laghukSetrasamAsa', somatilaka sUri (14vIM zatI) kA 'bRhat-kSetrasamAsa', Adi / pratiSThA-pArTI meM vAstu-vidyA jinavANI kI bhA~ti vAstu-vidyA bhI AraMbha meM guru-ziSya paraparA se maukhikarUpa meM pracalita rhii| vAstu-vidyA kA jJAtA aura vAstu-nirmANa meM kuzala sUtradhAra yaha vidyA virAsata meM letA aura virAsata meM detA rhaa| jana pAta-piyA 11

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svataMtra graMtha ke rUpa meM nahIM, balki pratiSThA graMtha ke eka aMga ke rUpa meM yA phira vAstu-vidyA aura mUrti-kalA para saMyukta graMtha ke rUpa meM lagabhaga terahavIM zatI se ise likhita rUpa milaa| saMbhavataH isakA eka kAraNa yaha rahA ki ye viSaya eka-dUsare se itane adhika jur3e hue haiM ki una para svataMtra graMtha likhanA usa samaya vyAvahArika pratIta nahIM huA hogA / aisI racanAoM me pA~cavIM zatI ke AcArya pAdalipta sUri kI 'nirvANakalikA', dasavIM zatI ke uttarArddha ke AcArya vIranandI dvitIya kI 'zilpisaMhitA' aura AcArya iMdranandi kA pratiSThA-pATha', lagabhaga gyArahavIM zatI ke AcArya brahmadeva kA pratiSThA-tilaka': paMDita AzAdhara kA pratiSThAsAroddhAra (1228 I.) aura pUjA-pATha, unake samakAlIna paMDita Thakkura pheru kA 'vatthu sAra-payaraNa' (1315 I.), prasiddha nATakakAra hastimalla kA 'pratiSThApATha'; bArahavIM terahavIM zatI ke paNDita nemicaMdradeva kA pratiSThAtilaka', terahavIM zatI ke nemicaMdra sUri (uparyukta paNDita jI ?) kA pravacanasAroddhAra aura usa para usI samaya ke siddhasena sUri (devabhadra ke ziSya) kI 'tattvajJAna - vikAsinI nAmaka TIkA, upAdhyAya sakalacandra kA pratiSThAkalpa', AcArya ugrAditya kA kalyANa-kAraka' A0 jayasena dvArA likhita 'pratiSThApATha' (vasubindu) eva vasunandi AcArya kA 'pratiSThApATha' Adi vizeSa ullekhanIya haiN| A0 jayasenakRta 'pratiSThApATha meM maMdira ke nirmANa ke sabaMdha me vistAra se varNana prApta hotA hai| paMDita AzAdhara kA 'pratiSThA-sAroddhAra' bhAratIya sAhitya kI adhikAMza vidhAoM meM paMDita AzAdhara kA yogadAna atyaMta mahattvapUrNa hai| 1228 I. me likhe gae unake 'pratiSThA-sAroddhAra' me mUrti-pratiSThA ke mAdhyama se vAstu-vidyA kA bhI vidhAna hai| 'jina-yajJakalpa' ke dUsare nAma se bhI prasiddha pratiSThA-sAroddhAra' prauDha prAJjala saMskRta meM 971 zlokoM ke chaha adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai: 1. sUtra - sthApana, 2. tIrtha-jala kA lAyA jAnA Adi, 3. yAga-maMDala kI pUjA, 4. jina-pratiSThA, 5. abhiSeka Adi evaM 6. siddha Adi kI pratiSThA / aMta meM graMthakAra kI vistRta prazasti hai| jinavANI ke ananya upAsaka paMDita AzAdhara ne isa graMtha meM zuddha AmnAya ke anusAra gRhasthAcArya, pratiSThAcArya Adi ko mahattva dete hue maMdiroM ke jIrNoddhAra kA vidhAna bhI kiyA hai| (jaina vAstu-vidyA 12

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isakA prathama prakAzana pADhama-nivAsI paM. manoharalAla zAstrI ne hiMdI anuvAda ke sAtha taiyAra kara apane zrI jainagraMtha-uddhAraka kAryAlaya, muMbaI se 1917 meM kiyA thaa| prastuta pustaka meM isa graMtha kI bhI sahAyatA lI gaI hai| Thakkura pheru kA 'vatyu-sAra-pavaraNa' vAstu-vidyA para svataMtra aura sAMgopAMgarUpa se varNana karanevAlA kadAcit ekamAtra prakAzita jainagratha hai Thakkura pheru kA 'vatthusAra payaraNa' arthAt 'vAstusAra prakaraNa' | 1315 I. meM likhita isa prAkRta graMtha meM kramazaH 158, 54 aura 70 gAthAoM ke kramazaH tIna adhyAya haiM: gRha-prakaraNa, biMbaparIkSAprakaraNa, prAsAda (maMdira) - prakaraNa / itanI kama gAthAoM meM vAstu-vidyA aura zilpa kalA ke adhisaMkhya pakSoM kA vidhAna isa graMtha kI eka vizeSatA hai| sAtha hI isameM digaMbara zvetAMbara bhedabhAva nahIM hai, jabaki isake lekhaka zvetAMbara - paraparA ke zrAvaka the| isake saMdarbha 'AcAra-pradIpa', 'zrAddha-vidhi' Adi jainetara graMthoM meM bhI die gae haiN| 'ratna- parIkSA' nAmaka graMtha ke bhI lekhaka Thakkura pheru dillI ke nikaTa karanAla ke dhaMdha kula meM utpanna kAlika seTha ke prapautra aura Thakkura cadra seTha ke putra the| unhoMne yaha graMtha usa samaya likhane kA sAhasa kiyA, jaba tatkAlIna zAsaka alAuddIna khilajI se sabhI dharmoM ke anuyAyI trasta the / 'vatthu - ra -sAra-payaraNa' kA prakAzana jaina vividha graMthamAlA, jayapura se 1936 meM huA thA; isake saMpAdaka-anuvAdaka paM. bhagavAnadAsa jaina the| prastuta pustaka ke nirmANa meM yaha AdhAra-graMtha hai| anya viSayoM ke graMthoM meM vAstu-vidyA vAstu-vidyA ke lie purANa-sAhitya kA yogadAna bhI mahattvapUrNa hai| isa viSaya para AcArya jinasena ne harivaMzapurANa' (783 I.) meM atyadhika vistAra se likhA hai| unake bAda ullekhanIya haiM: AcArya puSpadanta (10vIM zatI) kA apabhraMza 'mahApurANa', AcArya hemacandra sUri (12vIM zatI) kA prAkRta tisaTThimahApurisa - guNAlaMkAra, AcAryakalpa paMDita AzAdhara (13vIM zatI) kA triSaSTizlAkApuruSa - carita' Adi / inake atirikta kAvya, nATaka, caMpU Adi graMthoM meM vibhinna nagaroM, rAjaprAsAdoM, jinAlayoM Adi ke varNana Ate haiM; unase bhI vAstu-vidyA ke svarUpa para acchA prakAza par3atA hai| jyotiSa ke graMthoM meM bhI makAna, maMdira jaina vAstu-vidyA 13

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Adi ke nirmANa kI vidhi, muhUrta, phalAphala Adi para vicAra karate samaya vAstuvidyA ke saMdarbha Ate haiN| isIprakAra gaNita, maMtra-taMtra aura aise hI anya viSayoM ke graMtho meM bhI isa viSaya ke prasaMga Ate haiN| AcArya umAsvAmI ke nAma se pracalita eka zrAvakAcAra graMtha meM bhI likhA hai ki ghara kI kisa dizA meM kauna-sA kakSa ho| vAstu-vidyA para Adhunika lekhana sAmAjika utthAna, manovaijJAnika parivartana, audyogika pragati aura vaijJAnika camatkAroM ne milakara vAstu-vidyA kA bhI abhUtapUrva vikAsa kiyA hai| prAcIna AcAryoM dvArA banAe gae nuskhe aura niyama bekAra sAbita nahIM hue haiN| parantu unakI mA~ga ko nirmANa kI naI-naI vidhiyo, zailiyo, sAmagriyoM Adi ne prabhAvita avazya kiyA hai| uparyukta sabhI bAtoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara vAstu-vidyA para nae graMtha bhI likhe jA rahe haiM, prAcIna grathoM ke AdhAra para aura svataMtra ciMtana ke AdhAra para bhI, zodha-khoja ke stara para aura vyAvasAyika stara para bhI, bhArata me aura bhArata ke bAhara bhii| ina graMthoM kA sarvekSaNa aura mUlyAMkana eka bahuta bar3A kAma hai| jainadRSTi se yaha kAma kisI sImA taka sva. DaoN. yU.pI. zAha, pro. ema.e. DhAkI aura DaoN. gopIlAla 'amara' ne kiyA hai| phira bhI isa viSaya para zodha-khoja kI bahuta AvazyakatA hai| cUMki vAstu-vidyA ke prAcIna, madhyakAlIna aura navIna graMthoM meM eka bhI aisA nahIM hai jisameM isa vidyA ke pratyeka aga aura upAMga kI savistAra vyAkhyA vaijJAnika aura tulanAtmaka dRSTi se kI gaI ho; isalie yaha zodha adhika Avazyaka hai| sAmAnyadRSTi se isa dizA meM DaoN. prasanna kumAra AcArya, DaoN. tArApada bhaTTAcArya, DaoN. dvijendra nAtha zukla, zrI amalAnanda ghoSa, pro. kRSNa deva Adi ne kucha kAma kiyA hai; paraMtu jainadRSTi se abhI paryApta kArya honA bAkI hai| jaina ArTa eMDa ArkiTekcara' aura 'jaina kalA aura sthApatya' ke tIna-tIna khaDa bhAratIya jJAnapITha, naI dillI se 'AspekTsa oNpha jaina ArTa eMDa ArkiTekcara' lA.da. iMsTITyUTa, ahamadAbAda se; painoramA oNpha jaina ArTa' TAimsa oNpha iDiyA, naI dillI se tathA kucha anya graMtha bhI prakAzita hue haiN| ve acche haiM, kiMtu aparyApta haiN| vAstava meM 'jaina vAstuvidyA para eka vizvakoza kI AvazyakatA hai| (jana vAstu-vija

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vAstu-vidyA aura paryAvaraNa paryAvaraNa kI zuddhatA maMdira, makAna, kArakhAnA, kilA, kaoNlonI, nagara Adi ke nirmANa meM paryAvaraNa kI anukUlatA parama Avazyaka hai| prastAvita bhUmi ke samIpa AvAgamana kI suvidhA, nirmANa sAmagrI aura maz2adUroM kArIgaroM kI upalabdhi, bAz2Ara, manoraMjana ke sAdhana, zikSA-saMsthAe~ Adi to honI hI cAhie; aisA samAja bhI honA cAhie, jisase usa nirmANa ke uddezya meM bAdhA nahIM par3e, balki sahAyatA mile| prastAvita bhUmi ke AsapAsa prakRti kA bAr3ha Adi ke rUpa meM prakopa na hotA ho, prAkRtika chaTA bikharI ho to aura bhI acchI bAta hogii| paryAvaraNa kI anukUlatA ke bhI cAra bindu hai: davya, kSetra, kAla aura bhaav| "dravya' kA artha hai nirmANa-kArya meM laganevAlA dhana, sAmagrI, kArIgara aadi| 'kSetra' kA matalaba hai vaha bhUmi aura usakA paryAvaraNa, jahA~ nirmANa honA hai| 'kAla' kA tAtparya mausama se to hai hI, sAmAjika vAtAvaraNa, rAjanItika paristhitiyoM Adi se bhI hai| 'bhAva' kA matalaba hai nirmAtA aura usake sahayogiyo ke aacaar-vicaar| ina cAroM kA prabhAva bhautika to hotA hI hai, AdhyAtmika bhI hotA hai| inameM se kisI eka ke bhI pradUSita yA niyama-viruddha hone para usa nirmANa se saMbaMdha rakhanevAloM ko Ae dina koI-na-koI kaSTa hotA rahatA hai| yaha kaSTa zArIrika bhI ho sakatA hai aura mAnasika bhI, asthAyI bhI aura sthAyI bhii| yaha kaSTa tabhI dUra hogA, jaba use paidA karane vAle pradUSaNa yA niyamavirodha kA nivAraNa diyA jaae| ucita yahI hogA ki nirmANa ke pahale hI paryAvaraNa kI zuddhatA para dhyAna diyA jaae| pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu aura AkAza pradUSaNa-rahita paryAvaraNa aura samazItoSNa jalavAyu kI prApti prakRti se to ho hI hai; use manuSya apane prayatna se bhI prApta kara sakatA hai| yaha

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prayatna hai pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu aura AkAza ke sadupayoga kaa| vAstuvidyA meM ye pA~coM mahAbhUta2 yA mahAtattva maulika sthAna rakhate haiN| pRthvI para nirmANa kArya hotA hai| miTTI, patthara, khanija, sImeMTa Adi pRthvI ke aMga haiM; jo nirmANa ke upAdAna kAraNa haiN| vaijJAnika AviSkAra paramparAgata vastuoM ko upekSita karate jA rahe haiN| lekina pRthvI-tattva aisA hai, jo kisI-na-kisI rUpa meM anivArya banA rhegaa| jalatattva kA sAmrAjya isa pRthivI ke do-tihAI bhAga para hai| nirmANakArya meM jala cAhie, udyoga-vyavasAya meM jala cAhie, nirmAtA ko dainika upayoga ke lie jala caahie| isa saMdarbha me AcArya ugrAditya ne bar3I mArmika cetAvanI dI hai ki "jo gA~va savidhAhIna ho, jisameM kuA~ gA~va ke bAhara kahIM dUra bhayakara jagaha para ho, tathA yadi gA~va meM bhI ho, para vaha kuA~ itanA gaharA ki usase jala nikAlane ke lie yatra kI AvazyakatA par3e; to vaha gA~va rahane yogya nahIM hai| 33 isIlie vAstu-vidyA meM parAmarza diyA gayA hai ki bhUmi ke cayana karate samaya jala kI suvidhA kA dhyAna rakhA jaae| agni ke nAma se bhayabhIta na hokara utsAhita honA cAhiye; kyoki jyoM-jyoM vaijJAnika AviSkAra bar3heMge, tyoM-tyoM agni kA mahattva bhI bddh'egaa| Aja vidyuta zakti ke rUpa meM agni kA upayoga pratikSaNa ho rahA hai, kadamakadama para ho rahA hai| aNa meM pracchanna agnitattva kA udghATana hI nahIM, balki usakI zakti kA parIkSaNa bhI ho cukA hai| vAstu-vidyA meM bhI agnitattva kI mahattA akSuNNa hai| 'vAyu' nAmaka mahAbhUta kI mahattA vAstu-vidyA meM to hai hI, duniyA kI sabhI vidhAo me hai| pratyeka prANI ke lie pratipala vAyutattva Avazyaka hai| vAyuyAna ke AviSkAra se vAyu kI dhAraNa-zakti kA sapramANa paricaya milA hai| jaina AcAryoM kA yaha vidhAna aba zata-pratizata satya mAnA jA rahA hai ki 'vAyu me sparza ke sAtha rasa, gaMdha, rUpa aura zabdotpAdaka zakti bhI hotI hai| vAstu-vidyA meM to vAyu-saMcAra ko sarvAdhika mahattva diyA gayA hai| A~gana, laoNna, Tairesa, chata, maMDapa, pArka, maidAna Adi ke rUpa me khulapena kA prAvadhAna vAstu-vidyA me AkAza kI mahattA siddha karatA hai| jo anata hai, sarvavyApI aura sarva-avagAhaka hai-aise AkAza ke lAbha bhI anaMta haiN| (jaina vAstu-vidhA

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paryAvaraNa aura vanaspati-jagat vanaspati se saikar3oM rUpa haiM, aura sabhI rUpoM meM vaha pratyeka prANI ke lie Avazyaka hai| vRkSa ko 'tara' isalie kahate haiN| kyoMki usake sahAre loga ApadAoM ko 'tarate haiM, pAra karate haiM: "taranti Apadam anena iti truH|" prAcInakAlIna kalpavRkSoM kA, dasa prakAra ke icchApUraka vRkSoM kA paricaya to sabako honA hai hii| prAcInakAla meM to lakar3I se rAjamahala taka banA lie jAte the| saMskRta ke 'kASThagaha se hindI kA kaTarA' zabda banA hai, jisakA arthavistAra dhyAna dene yogya hai| dUsarI ora "kASThagRha' zabda se hI niSpanna kaThagharA' zabda meM Agata arthasaMkoca bhI vicAraNIya hai| Aja plAsTika ke yuga meM bhI lakaDI kA mahattva hai| vanoM, udyAnoM, gRha-sajjA Adi ke lie per3a-paudhoM kI anivAryatA hai| manuSya dvArA pradUSita paryAvaraNa ko nirdoSa banAne kA prAkRtika dAyitva vanaspati-jagat kA hI hai| prakRti ke ativRSTi, anAvRSTi Adi prakopoM se manuSya kI rakSA vanaspati-jagat sadA karatA rhegaa| paryAvaraNa kI dRSTi se sabhI vRkSa acche haiM, parantu vAstuvidyA kI dRSTi se kucha vRkSoM se paraheja karanA caahie| DaoN. jagadIza caMdra basu aura unake yaMtra 'kreskogrApha' ko dhanyavAda, jinhone jaina AcAryoM kA yaha vidhAna vaijJAnika prayoga dvArA siddha kara dikhAyA ki 'peDa-paudhoM meM bhI anya prANiyoM kI taraha prANa hote haiN|' 00 (jaina vAstu-vidyA 17

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dravya kI zuddhatA sAmagrI ke cayana meM dravya kI zuddhatA bhUmi kI kharIda para aura nirmANa para jo dhana lagAyA jAe vaha nyAyapUrvaka kamAyA huA honA caahie| 'sAgAra- dharmAmRta' (10, 11) meM paMDita AzAdhara sUri ne Adarza gRhastha ke lakSaNoM me pahalA lakSaNa likhA hai, 'nyAyopAtta- dhanaM' arthAt, nyAya se arjita kiyA hai dhana jisane, aisA vyakti / kAyadA-kAnUna ke anusAra kamAe gae dhana se jo nirmANa hogA, usameM nirmAtA nirmaya nizciMta raha skegaa| isase use mAnasika zAMti milegI, jisase vaha aura bhI adhika dhana kamAkara puNya ke kAma kara skegaa| madira kA nirmANa to puNya saMcaya ke lie hI kiyA jAtA hai| usI ke nirmANa me pApa kI kamAI lagAI gaI, to usase puNya kI AzA rakhanA vyartha hogaa| kahate haiM ki "dUsare sthAnoM para kiyA gayA pApa maMdira meM dhula jAtA hai; yadi madira hI pApa kI kamAI se banA hogA, to usase pApa kaise dhulegA 7.35 nirmANa me jisa sAmagrI kA prayoga ho, vaha sApha-sutharI ho, U~ce stara kI ho, sabhyatA-saMskRti ke anukUla ho / sAmagrI asalI honI cAhiye, nakalI yA DuplIkeTa nhiiN| Ajakala kRtrima (siMtheTika) sAmagrI kA calana baDha rahA hai| prayoga se pahale isake guNa-avaguNa kI vaijJAnika dRSTise, AyurvijJAna kI dRSTi se bhI jA~ca karA lI jaae| jitanI acchI sAmagrI kA upayoga kiyA jAegA, utane hI acche vicAra nirmAtA ke mana me aaeNge| acche vicAro se acche kAma hoMge, kamAI hogI, zAMti milegI, yaza milegaa| kisI dUsare makAna, madira Adi se nikalI lakar3I, patthara Adi sAmagrI apane makAna, madira Adi me kabhI nahIM lagAnI cAhie 36 purAnI sAmagrI naI sAmagrI ke mukAbale Tika nahIM sakegI: dono kA mela bhI nahIM baiTha skegaa| purAnI sAmagrI murajhAI huI hotI hai, atIta ke vAtAvaraNa se juDI huI hotI hai; isalie vaha upayoga karanevAle ko bhI purAnA banAkara (jaina vAstu-vidyA 18

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chor3atI hai, usakI tAz2agI chIna letI hai; yahA~ taka ki use jaldI bUr3hA kara detI hai| upakaraNoM yA auz2AroM kA stara nirmANa kArya meM jo auz2Ara, mazIneM Adi upakaraNa upayoga meM lAe jAe~, ve bhI acche stara ke hoM; tAki nirmANa maz2abUta ho, suMdara ho aura zAMtidAyaka ho| nirmANa ke pazcAta aMtaraMga aura bAhya sAja-sajjA ke viSaya aura sAmagrI para bhI dhyAna diyA jaae| nirmAtA aura usake parijanoM kI ruci ke sAtha saMskRti, loka-vyavahAra Adi se bhI sAja-sajjA kI saMgati baiThanI caahie| ghara-gRhasthI meM upayoga meM AnevAlI vastuyeM bhI isI prakAra sAttvika, divya aura bhavya honI caahie| vAstu-vidyA meM zilpI ke aSTa-sUtra' kA ullekha milatA hai 1. dRSTi-sUtra-A~khoM se hI itanI sahI nApa-jokha kara lenA, jitanI auz2AroM se kI jAtI hai| 2. hasta-lagabhaga 45 seMTImITara yA Der3ha phuTa laMbI paTTI, jo sarala rekhA khIMcane aura nApane ke kAma AtI hai aura jisake nau adhiSThAtA deva rudra, vAyu, vizvakarmA, agni, brahmA, kAla, varuNa, soma aura viSNu hote haiN| 3. muMja-mUja' nAmaka ghAsa se banI DorI, jisake sahAre labI sarala rekhA khIcI jAtI hai, yA dIvAla Adi ko sarala rekhA me banAne ke lie jo eka chora se dUsare chora taka bA~dhI jAtI hai| 4. kArpAsaka-kapAsa kA sUta, jo sAhula (plamba lAina) laTakAne ke kAma AtA hai| 5. avalaMba arthAt sAhula yA lohe kA Thosa ladda, jise sUta se laTakAkara dIvAla Adi kI Upara se nIce taka kI sidhAI jA~cI jAtI hai| 6. kASTha-guniyA yA TrAiMga aiMgala, jisase koNa banAne yA nApane me madada lI jAtI hai| 7. saSTi yA sAdhanI-jo pharza Adi ko samatala banAne meM spiriTa lebala kI taraha sahAyaka hotI hai| 8. vilekhya arthAt parakAra (peyara oNpha DivAiDarsa), jisase rekhAoM Adi kI dUrI tulanAtmaka dRSTi se nApI jAtI hai| zilpI ke aSTasUtra sambandhI ina sabhI upakaraNoM ke rekhAcitra (agrima pRSTha para) prastuta haiM: jaina vAstu-vidhA

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- ghaTTTTTTTTT 5 - zilpI ke aSTa-sUtra - - jina pAstu-vidhA

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kSetra kI zuddhatA vAstu ke lie deza aura kSetra kA cayana maMdira, makAna, kArakhAnA, kilA, kaoNlonI, nagara Adi kA nirmANa jisa deza yA kSetra meM kiyA jAe; vaha sabhI dRSTiyoM se suMdara aura suvidhAsaMpanna ho--isa dRSTi se bhUmi ke truTihIna cayana meM sahAyatA ke lie jainAcAryoM ne bhUmi ke (khanija padArthoM ke) chattIsa bheda kiye haiN| vibhinna deza vAstu-vidyA meM jAMgala, anUpa aura sAdhAraNa nAma se tIna bhAgoM meM rakhe gae haiN| jAMgala deza marusthala hote haiM jinameM jala kI kamI, reta kI bahutAyata, kaTIlI jhAr3iyA~, teja AMdhI, kAlI miTTI hotI hai| anapa deza ve haiM, jo prAkRtika suSamA-sampadA se bharapUra hote haiN| sAdhAraNa dezoM meM uparyukta donoM prakAra ke lakSaNa hote haiN| tInoM prakAra ke dezoM meM prAkatika, bhaugolika, rAjanItika, sAmAjika, vyAvasAyika Adi kAraNoM se kSetrIya vibhAga bana jAte haiN| aise vibhAga solaha ho sakate haiM, jo yathAnAma tathAguNa haiM: bAliza-svAminI, bhogyA, sItA-gocara-rakSiNI, apAzrayavatI, kAMtA, khanimatI, AtmacAriNI, vaNikaprasAdhitA, dravyavatI, amitra-ghAtinI, azreNi-puruSA, zakya-sAmantA, deva-mAtRkA, dhAnya-zAlinI, hasti-vanopetA aura surkssaa| nauvIM zatI meM AcArya jinasena ne 'Adi-purANa ke solahaveM parva meM nagara-niveza ke kaI pakSa vyAvahArikarUpa meM prastuta kiye haiN| dezoM ke vargIkaraNa kA unakA AdhAra draSTavya hai: nadI-naharoM ke jala se siMcita deza adevamAtRka, prAkRtika varSA se sIMce gaye deza devamAtRka aura donoM se siMcita deza sAdhAraNa kahalAte haiM (zlo. 157) / sukozala aura avaMti se lekara zaka aura kekaya taka (ralo. 152-58) bAvana dezoM ke nAma dete hue ve likhate haiM ki "unameM tInoM prakAra ke deza the| unakI sImAoM para saba ora kilAbaMdI thI aura aMtapAla (sImArakSaka) niyukta the| una dezoM ke madhya meM aura bhI aneka deza the jinakI rakSA lubaka, AraNya, gharaTa, puliMda, zabara Adi jAtiyoM ke loga karate the| una dezoM meM koTa, prAkAra

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(parakoTA), parikhA (khAI), gopura (vizAla pravezadvAra ) aTArI Adi kA nirmANa thA / " bhUmi parIkSA kI AvazyakatA maMdira, makAna, kArakhAnA, kilA, kaoNlonI, nagara Adi ke nirmANa ke lie bhUmi kA cayana jitanA muzkila hai, utanA hI z2arUrI bhI hai| bhU-sthala parIkSA yA jiyolaoNjikala sarve aura mRttikA parIkSaNa yA saoNyala TesTa meM jo kharI utare, vahI bhUmi cunI jaae| nirmANa ke lie prastAvita bhUmi kI parIkSA pA~coM indriyoM se kI jaae| khuradarApana- cikanApana, khArApana- soMdhApana, badabU khuzabU usake doSa yA guNa ke pratIka haiN| jisa bhUmi ko dekhate hI rahane ko mana kare, jisase mauna nimaMtraNa milatA lage; vaha bhUmi cunI jaae| jisa bhUmi kI dhamaka meM bulaMdI ho, arthAt patthara Adi paTakane se uThI AvAz2a se jisake Thosapana kA patA lage, vaha bhUmi acchI mAnI jaae| yaha bhI dekhA jAye ki bhUmi Ubar3akhAbar3a yA Ter3hI-mer3hI na ho| usameM gaDDhe na hoM, kaMkar3a-patthara kI apekSA miTTI adhika ho, aura eka puruSa kI gaharAI para jala baha rahA ho| vahA~ kI jalavAyu na bahuta ThaMDI ho, na bahuta garma / isa sadarbha meM paMDita AzAdhara kA kathana uddhRta karane yogya hai "jinamaMdira ke lie aisI bhUmi lI jAe jo dekhane meM acchI lage, cikanI ho, sugaMdha Adi guNoM se samRddha ho, dUba se harI-bharI ho, svAbhAvikarUpa se zuddha ho yA jinadeva ke janma Adi kisI kalyANaka se pavitra ho / bhUmi ke Thosapana kI jA~ca bhUmi jitanI Thosa hogI, usa para hone vAlA nirmANa utanA hI sthAyI hogaa| bhUmi ke Thosapana kI jA~ca ke kucha manoraMjaka, lekina vaijJAnika upAya haiN| prastAvita bhUmi ke kisI bhAga meM lagabhaga do varga phuTa gaDDhA khodA jAe aura usameM usI kI miTTI bharI jaae| bharane ke bAda jitanI adhika miTTI bace, utanI hI Thosa vaha bhUmi hogI, uttama hogii| miTTI bace nahIM, to vaha bhUmi madhyama hogii| miTTI bharane ke bAda bhI gaDDhA khAlI rahe, to bhUmi bilkula Thosa nahIM hogI: aisI jaghanya bhUmi para nirmANa nahIM kiyA jaae| jaina vAstu-vidyA

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dUsarA upAya yaha hai ki vaise hI gaDDhe meM miTTI ke badale pAnI bhara diyA jaae| vaha bhUmi pAnI sokhane meM jitanA adhika samaya le, utanI hI Thosa vaha mAnI jaae| jo bhUmi pAnI bahuta kama samaya meM sokha le, usa para nirmANa nahIM karanA caahie| __ bhUmi ke Thosapana kI jA~ca kA eka upAya aura bhI hai| usa bhUmi para una dinoM uganevAlA anAja boyA jaae| usameM jitanI jaldI aMkura A jAe~, utanI hI uttama vaha bhUmi mAnI jaae| jisa bhUmi para yA usake kisI bhAga para aMkura bahuta dera se Ae~, yA Ae~ hI nahIM; usa para makAna, maMdira Adi nahIM banAyA jaae| bhUmi ke zubha yA azubha hone kI jA~ca ___ vAstu-vidyA meM bhUmi ke zubha yA azubha hone kI jA~ca ke bhI bahuta hI manoraMjaka, lekina paurANika upAya pracalita rahe haiN| ye upAya varNa-vyavasthA kI ora saMketa karate haiM, paraMtu inakA manovaijJAnika mahatva bhI hai| __prastAvita bhUmi meM lagabhaga do phuTa laMbA-caur3A gaDDhA khodakara usameM cAra puSpa-mAlAe~ alaga-alaga rakhI jAe~: brAhmaNa kI sapheda, kSatriya kI lAla, vaizya kI pIlI aura zUdra kI kaalii| sabase z2yAdA dera meM sUkhanevAlI mAlA apane varNavAle nirmAtA ke lie kalyANakArI hogii| isake viparIta, sabase pahale sUkhanevAlI mAlA ke varNavAle nirmAtA ko vaha bhUmi azubha ho sakatI hai| prastAvita bhUmi meM lagabhaga do phuTa laMbA-caur3A gaDDhA khodakara usameM cAroM dizAoM meM eka-eka dIpaka jalAkara rakhA jAe: pUrva meM brAhmaNoM ke lie, dakSiNa meM kSatriyoM ke lie, uttara meM vaizyoM ke lie aura pazcima meM zUdroM ke lie| sabase adhika dera taka jalatA rahanevAlA dIpaka apane varNa vAle nirmAtA ke lie zubha hogaa| sabase kama dera taka jalanevAlA dIpaka azubha kA sUcaka mAnA jaae| yA phira, usa gaDDhe meM cAra ke badale eka hI dIpaka rakhA jAe, paraMtu usameM usI prakAra cAroM vargoM kI pratIka cAra battiyA~ hoN| sabase adhika dera taka jalatI rahanevAlI battI apane varNavAle nirmAtA ke lie kalyANakArI hogii| sabase kama dera taka jalanevAlI battI hAnikAraka ho sakatI hai| bhUmi ke uttama, madhyama yA nimnaprakAra jAnane ke lie usI bhUmi kI

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kucha dhUla havA meM uchaaleN| vaha dhUla ur3akara nIce kI ora jAe, to mAneM ki vaha bhUmi nimnaprakAra kI hai aura usake nivAsI kI bhaviSya meM nimnagati saMbhava hai| dhUla nIce-Upara na jAkara madhya meM raha jAe, to mAneM ki vaha bhUmi madhyama prakAra kI hai aura usake nivAsI kI bhaviSya meM madhyama gati saMbhava hai| vaha dhUla ur3akara Upara kI ora jAe, to bhUmi utkRSTa prakAra kI mAneM aura usake nivAsI kI bhaviSya me uttama gati kI saMbhAvanA maaneN| bhUmi ke cayana meM dhyAna rakhane yogya bAteM maMdira se saTI huI bhUmi (bhUkhaMDa yA plaoNTa) kaSTadAyaka ho sakatI hai| yahA~ taka ki jisa bhUmi para kisI maMdira kI chAyA par3atI ho, vizeSarUpa se dUsare-tIsare prahara meM (nau baje savere se tIna baje zAma taka), usa bhUmi se kaSTa-hI-kaSTa milegaa| jo bhUmi kisI aura ke makAna kI sImA meM yA cauka meM ho usase gRhasvAmI ko hAni ho sakatI hai| do vistRta bhUkhaMDoM ke bIca phaMsA choTA bhUkhaMDa kaSTadAyaka ho sakatA hai| kisI dhUrta AdamI yA kisI maMtrI ke ghara ke pAsa jo bhUmi hogI, usake svAmI ko putra se yA dhana se yA donoM se hAtha dhonA par3a sakatA hai| kisI vizeSa kAraNa se bhUmi kA vistAra karanA par3e, to vaha Age yA dAe~ yA bAe~ hI kiyA jAe, pIche kabhI bhI nhiiN| bhUmi kA AkAra aura sthiti vAstu-vidyA ke anusAra bhUkhaMDa (plaoNTa) sama-catuSkoNa' ho, to sabase acchA / AyAtAkAra yAnI laMbAI se caur3AI kama, yA, caur3AI se labAI kama ho to bhI acchA; pUrva-pazcima meM lambAI acchI, uttara-dakSiNa meM lambAI kama acchii| vRttAkAra (gola) bhUkhaMDa bhI acchA hI hai| lekina vartulAkAra (spAyarala) kA niSedha hai| rAjA yadi cAhe, to usake lie vartulAkAra bhavana kA vidhAna hai| trikoNa bhUkhaMDa sabhI ke lie azubha hai| dakSiNa meM riktasthAna na rakhA jAe: kucha rakhanA hI par3e, to usase kama z2arUra ho, jitanA uttara meM ho| -yaha aisA niyama hai, jo jhopar3I se lekara mahala taka aura kAryAlaya se lekara kArakhAne taka saba para lAgU hotA hai| riktasthAna pazcima kI apekSA pUrva meM adhika ho, to zubhakAraka hogaa| ___ rAjA, maMtrI, senApati. purohita Adi kI dRSTi se aura brAhmaNa, kSatriya Adi kI dRSTi se bhUkhaDoM ke AkAra nirdhArita kie gae haiN| isameM bhI 24

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jyotiSa kA samAveza kiyA gayA hai| Aja janasaMkhyA ke dabAva meM bhUkhaMDa kA AkAra manacAhA milanA kaThina ho gayA hai| aisI sthiti meM aniyamita AkAroM ko vAstu-vidyA meM aura vyAvahArika paraparA meM jo chUTa milI hai, usakA lAbha liyA jaae| (isIprakAra bane-banAe makAna bikane kA calana hone se vAstu-vidyA kA yaha niyama nahIM cala pAtA ki kisa dizA meM kisa AkAra kA zayanakakSa yA rasoI yA snAnagRha Adi ho| aisI sthiti meM kama-se-kama itanA to dekha hI liyA jAe ki jo jahA~-jaisA banA hai, vaha vAstuzAstrIya dRSTi se sahI hai yA nahIM; sahI nahIM ho, to vaha makAna rahane yogya nahIM mAne / ) bhUmi kI zuddhatA : salya-zodhana yaMtra prastAvita bhUmi ko jotane para yA Upara-Upara khodane para jo cIjeM bAhara dikhane lage, unakA sAmudrika zAstra se, zakuna-apazakuna kI dRSTi se nirIkSaNa kiyA jAe; zubha vastuoM kA phala zubha hogA, azubha vastuoM kA phala azubha hogaa| khopar3I, haDDI, camar3A, bAla, koyalA, rAkha, lohA Adi azubha vastu, yAnI zalya, bhUmi meM kucha gaharAI para bhI ho sakatI hai, jise nirmANa kArya ke prArabha me khudAI karake dUra kara denA caahie| azubha vastuoM kA patA lagAne ke lie, bhUmi me kahA~-kahA~ khudAI kI jAe, yaha jAnane ke lie, prastAvita bhUmi ko nau bhAgo me vibhakta karake pratyeka ko eka akSara kA nAma diyA jAe, jaisA ki prastuta zalya-zodhana yaMtra meM diyA gayA hai| eka paTTI para khar3iyA se yA sapheda cAka se yaha maMtra likhA jAe. "oM hIM zrIM aiM namo vAgvAdini, mama prazne avtravtr|" -yaha matra kisI kumArI kanyA se vAyavya | uttara aizAna! tIna bAra paDhavAyA jAe, tathA usa para jala ke chITe die jaaye| taba vaha usa paTTI ko yA eka nAriyala vinaya ke sAtha donoM hAtho se pazcima madhya lie pUrva dizA me mu~ha karake khaDI rhe| usa ta caka kanyA ko ve nau akSara nahI batAe jAe~, yaha bhI na batAyA jAe ki kisa bhAga ko kisa nairRtya dakSiNa | Agneya akSara kA nAma diyA gayA hai| aba use koI zalya zodhana-yatra jana vAstu-vidhA 25

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eka akSara bolane yA likhane ko kahA jaae| usakA bolA yA likhA akSara una nau akSaroM meM se nahIM ho, to samajhanA cAhie ki usa bhUmi meM koI zalya nahIM hai; isalie khudAI kI bhI z2arUrata nhiiN| yadi kanyA dvArA bolA gayA akSara una nau akSaroM meM ho, to usa akSaravAle bhAga kI khudAI kI jaae| koI zalya nahIM nikale, to bhUmi-parIkSA yahIM samApta kI jAe aura mAna liyA jAe ki vaha bhUmi zalya se sApha-pAka hai| yadi khudAI meM koI zalya mile, to use dUra karake usa kanyA se dUsarA akSara mA~gA jaae| vaha akSara una nau akSaroM meM na ho, to samajha liyA jAe ki usa bhUmi meM aba koI aura zalya nahIM hai| vaha akSara una nau akSaroM meM ho, to akSaravAle bhAga kI khudAI kI jAe: zalya na mile to khudAI baMda kI jAe, varanA kanyA se tIsarA akSarA mA~gA jaae| hara bAra zalya milatI jAe, to nau bAra taka khudAI karanI par3a sakatI hai| __ khudAI ke bAda bhI zalya ke raha jAne kI zaMkA ho, to bhUmi kI jala kI sataha taka khudAIkara zaMkA dUra kara lenI caahie| yahA~ taka ki nirmAtA ke pAsa bhI koI zalya padArtha ho, to use bhI dUra kara denA caahie| 00 (jaina vAstu-vidhA)

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dizA kA viveka bhUmi ke cayana meM dizA kA mahatva __"dizA badalate hI dazA badalatI hai", -yaha kathana kaI dRSTiyo se sArthaka hai| vAstu-vidyA me bhI dizA yA DAyarekzana kA bar3A mahattva hai| dizAoM aura unake adhiSThAtA devo ke nAma svastikAkAra35 dizA-sUcaka yatra meM draSTavya haiN| adhiSThAtA kA matalaba hai-vyAvahArika pradhAna; jo Aja ke mahata, nidezaka aura supariMTeDeTa kA milA-julA rUpa hotA hai| pratyeka dizA kA eka adhiSThAtA deva hotA hai -yaha paurANika mAnyatA hai| isa mAnyatA meM itihAsa aura vijJAna kI apekSA zraddhA kA bhAva adhika hai| vAstu-vidyA meM adhiSThAtA devo kI prakRti dekhakara hI yaha nirdhArita kiyA gayA hai ki kisa dizA meM kyA banAyA jAe? jaise Agneya arthAt dakSiNa-pUrva rasoIghara ke lie nirdhArita kI gayI hai, tAki garmiyoM meM dakSiNa-pazcima dizA se calane vAlI havA usame Aga na bhar3akA ske| dizA kA prakRti se tAlamela pratyeka dizA aura vidizA kA prakRti ke kisI eka rUpa se vizeSa saMbaMdha hai: uttara aura aizAna kA jala se; pUrva aura Agneya kA agni se; dakSiNa aura nairRtya kA pRthvI se; pazcima aura vAyavya kA vAyu se| isalie bhavana yA kakSa (kamarA) ke upayoga kA tAlamela usakI dizA ke prabhAvaka tattva se baiThAyA jAe, tAki prakRti usa upayoga me sAdhaka bane, bAdhaka nhiiN| prakRti kA sAdhaka bananA hI 'zubhayoga' yA 'iSTasiddhi' hai aura bAdhaka bananA hI 'azubhayoga' yA 'aniSTasiddhi' hai| prakRti kI vyAkhyA me kabhI-kahIM matabheda dikha jAte hai| unase pasopeza me paDe binA vaha mata (patha) apanA liyA jAe, jisa para mahAjana calA karate hoH "mahAjano yena gataH sa pnthaaH| 25 kisI kavi ne ThIka hI likhA hai: 'jyotiSa, tatrazAstra, zAstrArtha, vaidyaka aura zilpazAstra meM bhAvArtha grahaNa (jana vAstu-vidhA

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karanA cAhie: zabda pakar3akara nahIM baiTha jAnA caahie| 24 zAMtidAya aizAna dizA prakRti-cakra kA prasthAna-bidu hai aizAna / usakA prabhAvaka tattva hai jala, jo zAti kA pratIka hai, isIlie aizAna dizA zAtidAyaka hai| isa dizA (vighnAntaka) naoNrtha naoNrtha-vesTa vAyu kubera vAyavya uttara naoNrtha-IsTa IzAna aizAna (mohAntaka) (padmAntaka) varuNa pazcima vesTa nairRtya nirRti dakSiNa Agneya sAutha-vesTa yama agni sAutha sAutha-IsTa (prajJAntaka) dizA-bodhaka yaMtra kA adhiSThAtA hai 'IzAna', jise zAtipradAyaka mAnA gayA hai| jainadarzana meM 'tIrthakara 37 zabda bhI zAMtipradAyaka' artha meM prayukta huA hai| dharma-cakra ke ina pravartako kA sthAna, devAlaya, isIlie aizAna dizA meM banAyA jAtA ___ jala-sasAdhana aura usase lage hue devAlaya yA pUjA-kakSa ke lie aizAna (uttara-pUrva) kA vidhAna hai; kyoki pUrva se udita hote sUrya kI kiraNeM jaina vAstu-viNa 28

Page #55
jala ko zuddha banAe rakhatI haiM aura snAna tathA pUjA ke lie upasthita logoM kA tana-badana praphullita kara detI haiM, unheM viTAmina 'DI' bhI detI haiN| prakRti kA sabase bar3A varadAna sUrya hai| unakA svAgata karane ke lie hI mAnoM pUrva yA pUrvottara meM siha dvAra, praveza-dvAra, anya dvAra tathA bahuta-sI khir3akiyA~ banAne kA vidhAna hai| 'pUrvottara' yAnI 'aizAna' dizA meM bhUmi (grAuMDa levala) dakSiNa-pazcima kI apekSA nIcI rakhI jAe, tAki sUryakiraNeM adhika-se-adhika mAtrA meM gRha praveza karake vAtAvaraNa ko pradUSaNa se mukta kara sake / vAstava meM prakRti kA cakra hI dakSiNAvarta hai, sUrya kA bhramaNa isakA sabase bar3A pramANa hai, usI ke anukaraNa para ghar3I calatI hai, bijalI kA paMkhA calatA hai; cakkara kATanevAlI hara cIja dakSiNAvarta calatI hai, jaba taka ki koI vizeSa vyavasthA na kI gaI ho| isIlie prAyaH sabhI zubha kArya aizAna dizA meM unmukha hokara karane se saphala hote haiM, udAharaNa ke lie cakravartI kI vijaya yAtrA isI dizA se AraMbha hotI hai; iSTadeva kI parikramA isI dizA se barAstA dakSiNa-pUrva, Age bar3hatI hai, isIlie dakSiNAvarta parikramA ko pradakSiNA' bhI kahate haiN| dizAoM ke saMbaMdha meM vyAvahArika niyama aizAna kI bhA~ti anya dizAo ke sadarbha meM bhI jo niyama yA cetAvanI yA parAmarza haiM, ve sabhI yA to prakRti ko dhyAna meM rakhakara haiM yA lokavyavahAra kI rakSA ke lie haiN| isalie unakA pAlana yathAsabhava avazya kiyA jaae| unake pAlana se koI hAni hotI dikhe, to unake pAlana se hone vAle lAbha aura hAni kI tulanA kara lI jAe aura lAbha kI mAtrA adhika dikhe, to unakA pAlana kiyA jAtA rahe / ina niyamo kI vyAvahArikatA ke kucha udAharaNa Age varNita haiN| ghara meM dvAra yathAsaMbhava Amane-sAmane hoM, tAki kar3I (liMTala) aura chata DhAlane meM asuvidhA se bacA jA ske| sIDhiyA~ yA jIne kA dvAra uttara yA dakSiNa kI ora ho, to azubha phala degA: zaucAlaya (leTrina) kA dvAra pUrva meM ho, to hAnikAraka hogA ityAdi / prastAvita bhUmi kA DhalAna (necarala prokliviTIja oNpha da grAunDa) pUrva kI ora ho| usa bhUmi para yA usake AsapAsa bahanevAlI nadI kI dizA jaina vAstu-vidyA 29

Page #56
bAyeM se dAyeM honI caahie| usakI eka puruSa kI gaharAI para bahanevAle jala kI dizA bhI bAyeM se dAyeM honI caahie| bhUmi kA mukha yA mastaka kisa dizA meM hone para kise kyA phala degA? isa viSaya para vAstu-vidyA meM bahuta vistAra se prakAza DAlA gayA hai| zeSanAga cakra usa bhUmi para prastAvita nirmANa aura usake vibhinna bhAgo kI dizA para to vicAra kiyA hI gayA hai; yaha bhI vicAra kiyA gayA hai ki nirmANa kisa dizA se zurU kiyA jaae| udAharaNa ke lie zeSanAga cakra ke anusAra nIMva Adi ke lie bhUmi kI khudAI usa sthAna se zurU nahIM kI jAe, jahA~ nAga kA astitva ho / yahA~ 'nAga' yA 'zeSanAga kA kathana mAtra pratIkAtmaka hai / jaise ki nAga ke sirabhAga para paira rakhane para vaha hAni nahI pahu~cA sakatA, jabaki anya kahIM paira rakhane para vaha kATa letA hai| isI prakAra zeSanAga pUrva ra. so. paM. bu. bR. so. paM. bu. bR zu aizAna (jaina vAstu-vidyA zu. za. ra. za ra. so, bu. bR zu. zaM. ra. so. maM bu. bR zu za ra. so. maM bR zu za ra. so. bu. za. ra. so. ma bu. bR. ra. so. praM. bu. bR (4) zeSanAga cakra bu. bR. zu. zu za, ra so maM bu. bR zu za ra. pazcima, Agneya dakSiNa 30

Page #57
cakra meM bhI nAga kI AkRti ke anusAra una sthaloM ko chor3akara hI 'khAta' ke niyamoM ke pAlana karate hue khudAI karAnI caahie| ___ vAstava meM 'khAta' ke liye niyama jyotiSa zAstra ke anusAra pAlanA caahie| Age pRSTha sakhyA cauMsaTha para 'khAta' evaM 'zilAnyAsa ke muhUrta kI dizA kA jJAna karAyA gayA hai, ataH tadanusAra hI vAstu kI khAta-vidhi karanI caahie| isase jJAta hotA hai ki dizAoM ke nirdhAraNa meM jyotiSa kI bhUmikA bhI mahattvapUrNa hai; yahI kAraNa hai ki vAstuvidyA ke jJAna ke lie jyotiSa kA jJAna bhI Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| vAstuzAstra ke kucha cakra to itane gUr3ha aura kaThina haiM ki unheM samajhane ke lie jyAmiti kA bhI acchA jJAna honA caahie| paratu aba dizAsUcakayatra yA kutubanumA (kaMpAsa) tathA saMgaNaka (kampyUTara) ke AviSkAra ne yaha samasyA hala kara dI hai| (jaina vAstu-vidyA

Page #58
kAla kI zuddhatA jyotiSa kI dRSTi se kAla-nirNaya kAla yA samaya kisI kI pratIkSA nahIM karatA, isIlie samayabaddha kAryakrama banAne kI prathA calI hogii| kAryakrama acchI taraha soca-samajhakara banAnA aura usake anusAra kArya sapanna karanA cAhie-isI ko kAla kI zuddhatA' kaha sakate hai; anyathA kAla-jaisI alakha-nirajana vastu kI kyA zuddhatA aura kyA azuddhatA? eka vyAvahArika kAryakrama ke nirmANa meM vyaktigata suvidhAo, paristhitiyoM, avasara, mausama Adi kA dhyAna rakhA jAtA hai| isame aba kapyUTara kI sahAyatA bhI lI jAne lagI hai| inhIM AdhAroM para saphalatA yA asaphalatA kA anumAna lagAkara kAryakrama ko atima rUpa diyA jAnA caahiye| vAstu-vidyA me sabhI prakAra ke nirmANo kI saphalatA ke lie jo upAya batAe gae haiM, uname dravya aura kSetra kI zuddhatA kA sthAna to ullekhanIya hai hI, kAla kA sthAna bhI mahattvapUrNa hai| isakI vizeSatA yaha hai ki nirmANa ke Arabha se ata taka jyotiSa kA Azraya lekara hI muhUrta kA nirdhAraNa kiyA gayA hai, jisake pAlana se zubha phala milatA hai aura ullaghana se azubha phala milatA hai| vAstu-vidyA me isa vidhAna se pUrva kucha cakroM yA cArTI kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai, jiname jyotiSa aura jyAmiti kI pramukhatA hai| vatsa cakra, vAstupuruSa cakra, zeSanAga cakra, vRSa cakra Adi uname pramukha haiN| vatsa-cakra dvArA muhUrta kA jJAna jaba sUrya kanyA, tulA aura vRzcika rAzi meM sthita ho, taba vatsa kA mukha pUrva dizA meM rahatA hai tathA jaba sUrya dhana, makara aura kubha rAzi me sthita ho; taba dakSiNa dizA me rahatA hai| jaba sUrya mIna, meSa aura vRSa rAzi me sthita ho; taba pazcima dizA me rahatA hai. tathA jaba sUrya mithuna, karka aura siha rAzi me sthita ho; to uttara dizA meM rahatA hai| (jana vAstu-vidyA 32

Page #59
- 10 15 30 makAna yA rAjamahala kI bhUmi kI pratyeka dizA meM sAta bhAga mAnakara pratyeka bhAga eka nizcita rAzi ko nAmita kiyA jaae| usa rAzi meM vatsa jitane dina rahatA hai, utanI saMkhyA usa bhAga meM mAnI jaae| jisa dizA meM vatsa kA mukha ho usa dizA me nIMva kI khudAI, gRha-praveza Adi 5 mithuna 15 karka 16 siMha | siMha zubha kAryoM kA niSedha hai| vatsa mithuna mithuna 36 siMha | 6 | siMha kA mukha pratyeka dizA me tIna | vAyavya uttara aizAna mAha taka rahatA hai| itane labe samaya taka zubha kArya roke rakhanA sabhava na ho, to yahA~ bane vatsa kanyA cakra ke anusAra kAryArambha kiyA jA sakatA hai| pazcima sUrya jisa dizA meM sthita vRzcika ho, usake udaya meM utane dina 101 usa bhAga me kAryArambha nahIM kiyA vRzyika jaae| udAharaNa ke lie jaba | natya dakSiNa Agneya pUrva dizA me sUrya kanyA rAzi me kumbha 101 kumbha| dhnus| 101 dhanus / ho, to pA~ca dina taka prathama bhAga | 5 | kumbha | 15 makara 15 dhanusa 5 ] me kAryArambha na kiyA jAe. dUsare vatsa-cakra bhAgo me acchA mUhUrta dekhakara kAryArambha kiyA jA sakatA hai| isI prakAra anya bhAgo meM bhI kiyA jaae| 00 meSa tulA 15 15 mIna mIna 5 (jaina vAstu-vidyA

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bhAva kI zuddhatA AcAra-vicAra aura bhAvoM kI zuddhatA dravya, kSetra aura kAla kI zuddhatA kA mahattva hai, kiMtu usase adhika mahattva hai bhAva kI zuddhatA kA, AcAra-vicAra kI pavitratA kA 38 vAstuvidyA ke aMtargata kisI bhI prakAra kA nirmANakArya ho, vaha nirmAtA kI rItinIti ko prabhAvita kara sakatA hai, usake AgAmI jIvana ko nayA mor3a de sakatA hai| bhAvo kI zuddhatA yAnI AcAra-vicAra kI pavitratA nirmAtA ko anaitika yA avaidha kArya se rokatI hai, jisase usame Atma-vizvAsa kA sacAra hotA hai| avaidha nirmANa karake koI bhI vyakti nirbhaya nizcita nahI raha sakatA, jisake phalasvarUpa usakI pragati me rukAvaTa AtI hai| nirmANa kArya me nirmAtA ke tana-mana-dhana lagate hai| tana-mana-dhana zuddha hoge, to nirmita makAna Adi bhI zuddha hogA yAnI zubha phala degA 39 varanA azubha phala degaa| AcAra-vicAra kI pavitratA hI nirmAtA kA vaha bala hai, jisake dvArA vaha sthapati Adi kArIgaro aura majadUro se yathocita kAma le sakegA / kArIgaroM kI niSThA isIprakAra nirmANa kArya me lage majadUra, kArIgara Adi kuzala aura ImAnadAra to ho hI, sadAcArI bhI ho; kyoki unake sadAcAra- durAcAra kA asara unake khUna-pasIne se bane nirmANa para avazya par3atA hai, jisakA phala nirmAtA ko milatA hai| majadUro, kArIgaro Adi ke AcAra-vicAra kI jaoNca kucha kaThina to hai, phira bhI vaha bahuta jarUrI hai / vAstu-vidyA me kArIgara cAra zreNiyoM me rakhe gae hai: 1. sthapati yA sUtradhAra yAnI mukhya ArkiTekTa 2. sUtragrAhI (sUtradhAra) kA matalaba hai ijIniyara yA DrAphTsamaina, jo nakze, le-AuTa plAna, rekhAcitra Adi banAtA hai, 3 takSaka, lakaDI, patthara Adi ko Avazyaka AkAra me tarAzatA (jaina vAstu-vidyA 34

Page #61
hai; aura 4. vardhaki una para devoM, manuSyoM, pazu-pakSiyoM, phUla-pattiyoM Adi kI AkRtiyA~ ukeratA hai aura lakar3I kA kAma, bhItarI sAja-sajjA Adi karatA hai| sAhitya me aneka sthapati Adi kArIgaro ke nAma ullikhita hue haiN| saikar3oM zilAlekho meM unhoMne apane nAma utkIrNa kara diye haiN| aise lagabhaga eka sau kArIgaroM ke nAma DaoN0 dvijendranAtha zukla ne sakalita kie haiM, jinameM aneka jaina the| vAstu-vidyA me sthapati kI jaoNca para bahuta bala diyA gayA hai, kyoki vaha nirmAtA kI ruci aura vicAroM ko madira, makAna Adi ke rUpa me sAkAra karatA hai; nirmAtA ke dhana ko adhika-se-adhika sArthaka karatA hai; sabhI kArIgaro, majadUroM Adi se vidhivat kAma letA hai| usame cAra mukhya guNa avazya hone cAhie: zAstrajJAna, kAryakuzalatA, prajJA aura sIla / sthapati ke guNa zAstrajJAna sthapati kA pahalA guNa hai| gaNita, jyotiSa, pratiSThA, purANa Adi ke jJAna se vAstu-vidyA ko pUrNatA milatI hai; isalie usakA zAstrajJAna jitanA vistRta aura gabhIra hogA; vaha utanA hI zAstrAnukUla, sudRDha, suMdara, suvidhA sampanna nirmANa kara skegaa| kArya-kuzalatA yAnI kAma karane-karAne kI kalA bhI sthapati kA mukhya guNa hai| nirmANa ko nirdhArita bajaTa me, yojanA ke anusAra, ThIka samaya para sapanna karAne kA dAyitva sthapati kA hotA hai| isa dRSTi se sthapati kI tulanA senApati se kI gaI hai| sthapati ke kAryoM aura dAyitvo kI vyAkhyA vAstu-vidyA me bahuta vistAra se kI gaI hai| prajJA kA artha hai pratibhA yA TeleTa, kalpanA-zakti yA vijn| yaha vaha guNa hai, jisake binA koI bhI sthapati asaphala hI rhegaa| prajJAvAna sthapati nirmANa me vaha AkarSaNa paidA karatA hai, jo khilate-mahakate phUla me hotA hai| zIla arthAt sadAcAra ke binA acche-se-acchA sthapati vaisA hI hai, jaise samudra kA jl| apane nirmAtA ke prati niSThA, vaphAdArI, ImAnadArI, dAyitva kI bhAvanA, kArya-kuzalatA Adi guNo kA vikAsa zIla ke zuddha vAtAvaraNa meM hI sabhava hai| nirmAtA ke sAtha sthapati tabhI cala sakatA hai, jaba vaha zIlavAna ho| usake khUna-pasIne me sadAcAra hogA, to usake dvArA (jaina vAstu-vidyA

Page #62
nirmita makAna meM rahanevAle bhI sadAcArI hoNge| usake khUna meM durAcAra hogA to vaha jo bhI nirmANa karegA, vaha durAcAra kA aDDA bana jaaegaa| isalie yaha atyaMta Avazyaka hai ki sthapati ke rUpa me vahI vyakti niyukta kiyA jAe, jisakA zIla dekha-parakha liyA gayA ho| sthapati Adi kA sammAna nirmANa ke Arambha aura aMta meM sabhI kArIgaro kA yathocita sammAna kiyA jAnA cAhiye / sthapati arthAt sUtradhAra ke sammAna kA vidhAna prAsAdamaMDana meM atyaMta mArmika zabdoM me kiyA gayA hai: nirmANa kArya se jo puNya sUtradhAra ne kamAyA, use vaha puNya gRhasvAmI mA~ge; jisake uttara me sUtradhAra kahe ki "svAmin! ApakA yaha nirmANa akSaya rahe, yaha makAna Aja taka merA thA aba Aja se ApakA huaa|" nirmANa ke pazcAt bhUmi, dhana, vastra, alakAra Adi bheTa karake sUtradhAra kA sammAna kiyA jaae| apanI kSamatA ke anusAra vastra, pAna aura bhojana se anya zilpiyo aura kArIgaroM kA bhI sammAna kiyA jaae| lakaDI aura patthara ke kArIgara jisa makAna me bhojana karate hai, usameM gRhasvAmI sukha se rahatA hai| sAtha hI una sabhI vyaktiyoM kA bhI sammAna-satkAra kiyA jAe, jinakA kisI bhI prakAra kA sahayoga isa nirmANa me milA ho / pratiSThAcArya kA sammAna bhUmizodhana, nirmANa ke zubhArambha evaM gRhapraveza Adi ke avasara para pUjA-pATha karAnevAle pratiSThAcArya ke sammAna kI preraNA bhI vAstugrantho me dI gaI hai| pratiSThA sAroddhAra me paDita AzAdhara jI ke zabda isa sadarbha meM atyata mArmika hai: "pratiSThA ke lie pratiSThAcArya ko lene zubha muhUrta meM yajamAna usake ghara bhAI-baMdhuo ke sAtha jAe, jinake Age akSata-bhare thAla lie mahilAe~ maMgala gAna karatI huI cala rahI hoN|" tathA praNAma karake yajamAna usase kahe ki "maine nyAya se upArjita dhana bacAkara rakhA-bar3hAyA hai, use arihanta kI pUjA meM lagAkara parama puNya prApta karanA cAhatA hU~ / yaha kArya kitanA mahAn hai aura mai kitanA tuccha hU~ ! aba to Apa jaise siddhahasta yogya pratiSThAcArya kA hI sahArA hai| ApakI yogyatA jauMcIparakhI hai, ApakI kArya- zailI kaI bAra dekhI samajhI hai, Apake paropakAro kA varNana maiM kaise kara sakatA hU~? Apa auroM kI iSTa-siddhi karate hai, so jaina vAstu-vidyA 36

Page #63
mujha para bhI kRpA kreN|" ___ 'prAsAda-maNDana' ke zabda bhI mahattvapUrNa haiM : "vastra, svarNa aura dhana se AcArya kA sammAna karake brAhmaNoM, dInoM, aMdho, aura durbaloM ko dAna kiyA jAe; dhama sabhI prANiyo ke jIvana kA sabase bar3A AdhAra hai; dhana die jAne para manuSya satuSTa hote hai|" __ 'prAsAda-maMNDana' se bhI pA~ca sau varSa parva 'gommaTasAra' (jIvakANDa) meM AcArya nemicandra siddhAtacakravartI ne 'manuSya' kI paribhASA ke atargata jo likhA hai, vaha isa prasaga meM vizeSarUpa se ullekhanIya hai:41 "sabhI manuSya 'manuSya' isalie kahe gae haiM; kyoki ve 1. kartavya aura akartavya meM bheda mAnate hai, jo jJAna-vAstu kA pratIka hai, 2. vividha vidyAoM eva zilpa Adi me nipuNa hote hai, jo zabda-vAstu kA pratIka hai, 3. avadhAna Adi mAnasika kAryoM me salagna hote hai, jo artha-vAstu kA pratIka hai, aura 4.manu ke vazaja hai, jo dravya-vAstu kA pratIka hai|" 00 jana vAstu-vidyA 37

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nirmANa kArya kI rUparekhA leAuTa plAna : rekhA-citra aura nakzA kAryakrama ke anusAra makAna yA maMdira kA leAuTa plAna aura nakzA banA liyA jAe / 'leAuTa' yAnI pada-vinyAsa ke rekhAMkana meM vAstu-vidyA ke sAtha jyotiSa, gaNita, loka vyavahAra Adi kA dhyAna rakhanA Avazyaka hai| vAstu-vidyA me aisI kaI paraparAe~ pracalita haiM, yathA- zeSanAga cakra, vAstupuruSa-maMDala, vRSavAstu-ca -cakra Adi / ina vibhinna cakro ke mAdhyama se nimnalikhita ikkIsa agoM ke zubhaazubha phala para vicAra kiyA jAeH kSetraphala, Aya, nakSatra, gaNa, dizA, vaira, vyaya, tArA, nADI, rAzi, svAmI, gRhanAma, aza, lagna, tithi, vAra, karaNa, yoga, varga, tattva aura Ayu / ye saba +2 vAstava meM 43 nuskhe yA phArmUle haiM, jinase yaha jAnA jAtA hai ki gRhasvAmI, sthapati Adi makAna yA maMdira kA kauna-sA bhAga kahA~, kaba, kisa taraha banAe~; tAki unhe azubha nahIM, balki zubha phala mile| ye nuskhe AvazyakatA par3ane para nirNAyaka bhUmikA bhI nibhAte hai / ye nuskhe gUDha haiM aura Adhunika nirmAtAo ko avyAvahArika bhI laga sakate hai, tathApi inakI upayogitA hai, kyoki 1. inhe vAstu-vidyA ke AcAryoM ne laMbe anubhava ke AdhAra para likhA hai, 2. iname jyotiSa, gaNita Adi kA samAveza hai, jo vaijJAnika vidyAe~ hai, 3. inake pAlana se zubha phala aura ullaghana se azubha phala milate hue dekhe gae hai, 4. vatthu-sAra- payaraNa' meM vizeSarUpa se likhA hai ki "jaise kanyA aura vara kI kuDalI kA milAna kiyA jAtA hai, vaise hI gRhasvAmI aura gRha-bhUmi kI rAzi Adi kA milAna bhI kiyA jAnA caahie|" inakA pAlana karate hue bhI Adhunika vaijJAnika rIti-nIti apanAI jA sakatI hai| vAstu-puruSa maMDala vAstupuruSa - maMDala se makAna yA maMdira ke adhiSThAna (caukI), stabha, prastAra, karNa, stUpI, zikhara Adi bhAgo kI AnupAtika saMyojanA me (jaina vAstu-vidyA 38

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sahAyatA milatI hai| isase saMketa milatA hai ki vAstu-puruSa ke keza, mastaka, havaya, nAni Adi marma-sthAna jahA~ par3ate hoM, vahA~ staMbha nahIM banAyA jaae| makAna yA maMdira kI bhUmi (maMDala) para peTa ke bala (adhomukha), yA pITha dauvArika sugrIva puSpadaMta varuNa asura | zoSa / roga nAga vAyavya nairRtya -- - iMdrarAja puSpadata | varuNa | bhasura zorUdrarAma mukhya zRMgarAja morAja | vivasvat vivasvat | mitra bhallATa | bhallATa gaMdharva | gadharva vivasvat mitra kubera | kubera brahman // yama Arya bhUdhara mRgadeva mRgadeva rAkSasa rAkSasa Arya Arya | bhUdhara bhUdhara aditi aditi sAvitra vitatha ( saviMdra bhRzadeva | satyaka | iMdra | bhAskara Apavatsa Apa dIti pUSan Agneya aMtarikSa bhRzadeva | satyaka iMdra | bhAskara jayaMta na - vAstu-puruSa maDala (adhomukha) ke bala (Urdhva-mukha), eka vizeSa mudrA meM leTe hue rekhAMkita puruSa - vAstupuruSa' kI parikalpanA kA mUlasrota zodha kA viSaya hai; paraMtu usase bahuta pahale 'lokapuruSa' kI anUThI parikalpanA jainazAstrakAra lipibaddha kara cuke the| purANa-puruSa' ke rUpa meM prathama tIrthakara RSabhanAtha kiMvA Adi-brahmA kI prasiddhi samUce bhAratIya sAhitya me hai| kAlapuruSa', 'tulApuruSa', lauhapuruSa', 'mahApuruSa' Adi kI parikalpanAe~ bhI ullekhanIya haiN| jaina vAstu-vidhA

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AyAdi SaDvarga ('vatyu-sAra-payaraNa' se) Aya, nakSatra, rAzi, vyaya, aza aura tArA- ye chaha mudde hI 'AyAdiSaDvarga' hai| 'vizvakarma-prakAza' nAmaka graMtha kI vyavasthA isa sadarbha meM mahattvapUrNa hai. "jisa ghara kI laMbAI gyAraha hAtha se adhika battIsa hAtha taka ho usameM AyAdi kA vicAra karanA caahie| jo ghara isase adhika laMbA ho, TUTA-phUTA ho, ghAsa-phUsa kA banA ho; usameM AyAdi kA vicAra anAvazyaka hai / " 'vatthusAra payaraNa' meM eka udAharaNa dekara kahA gayA hai ki "jisaprakAra vadhU aura vara me paraspara prema-prIti honI cAhie; usIprakAra gRha aura gRhasvAmI ke nakSatra, rAzi Adi kA milAna atyaMta Avazyaka hai|" prastAvita bhUmi kI aMguloM (lagabhaga eka iMca) meM laMbAI se cauDAI kA guNA karake guNanaphala meM ATha kA bhAga diyA jAe, kyoki 'Aya' ATha prakAra ke hote haiN| bhAga dene para jo sakhyA zeSa bace, usI ke kramAMka kA Aya usa bhUmi kA mAnA jaae| jaise bhUmi kI laMbAI 177 agula x cauDAI 127 agula = 22479 aMgula kSetraphalaH jisame 8 kA bhAga dene para 7 zeSa bace, isalie sAtaveM kramAMka kA Aya- 'gaja' (hAthI) mAnA jaae| ATha Aya aura unakI dizAe~ haiM: dhvaja-pUrva, dhUmra Agneya, siha dakSiNa, zvAna nairRtya, vRSapazcima, khara- vAyavya, gaja-uttara, kauaa-aishaan| ina AyoM meM dhvaja, siMha, gaja aura vRSa 'Aya' zubha haiM, zeSa cAroM azubha haiN| ukta guNanaphala meM nakSatroM kI saMkhyA 'sattAIsa' kA bhAga dene para jo zeSa bace, usake kramAMka kA nakSatra samajhA jaae| udAharaNa ke lie ukta guNanaphala 22479 meM 27 kA bhAga dene para 12 zeSa bace, isalie bArahave kramAka kA nakSatra uttarA phAlgunI' mAnA jaae| nakSatra ke sadarbha me jo kramAMka Ae, usame cAra guNA karane para Ae guNanaphala me rAziyo kI saMkhyA nau kA bhAga diyA jAe jo labdhi ( bhAgaphala ) Ae, vaha usake kramAMka kI rAzi mAnI jaae| udAharaNa ke lie, uparyukta nakSatra kA kramAka 12 x 4 48 +9 labdhi huI 5; isalie pA~cave kramAMka kI rAzi 'siMha' huI (yaha niyama sarvatra lAgU nahIM hotA) / nakSatra ke saMdarbha meM Ae kramAka 12 me vyayoM kI saMkhyA 8 kA bhAga dene para zeSa bacA 4; isalie cauthA vyaya 'kSaya' mAnA jaae| vyaya kI yaha saMkhyA, 4 uparyukta Aya kI saMkhyA 7 se kama hai, isalie yaha zubha hai; kyoMki Aya jaina vAstu-vidyA 40

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se vyaya kama hI honA caahie| isa prasaMga meM eka bahuta hI manoraMjaka kiMtu saTIka udAharaNa diyA jA sakatA hai 'kamaMDalu' kA; jisameM jala kI Aya kA mukha bar3A aura jala ke vyaya kI ToMTI choTI hotI hai isIlie kahanA hogA ki "kamaMDala meM bhUmaMDala kA arthazAstra chipA hai|" bhUmi ke kSetraphala 22479 meM usa makAna (kI jAti yA prakAra) ke akSaro kI saMkhyA jor3I jAe, jo usa bhUmi para nirmita ho rahA hai| mAne leM usa makAna kI jAti haiM 'vijaya', isalie 3 aMka jor3ane para saMkhyA huI 22482; isameM 4 kI saMkhyA bhI jor3I jAe, kyoMki AyAdi-SaDvarga meM vyaya kA sthAna cauthA hai; taba yoga huA 22482+4-224863; isameM aMzoM kI saMkhyA 3 kA bhAga dene para zeSa bacA 1; isalie pahale kramAMka kA aMza 'iMdra' mAnA jaae| 'tArA' jAnane ke lie uparyukta nakSatra 'uttarA phAlgunI' se gRhasvAmI ke nakSatra revatI taka ginane para 16 kI saMkhyA AtI hai; usameM tArA-saMkhyA 9 se bhAga dene para zeSa bacA 7; isalie sAtaveM kramAka kI tArA mAnI jaae| gRha aura gRhasvAmI kI rAzi Adi kA milAna gRha aura gRhasvAmI kI yoni, gaNa, rAzi, tArA aura nADI kA milAna janma-nakSatra se honA Avazyaka hai| janma-nakSatra kA jJAna na ho, to gRhasvAmI ke prasiddha nAma yA bolacAla ke nAma se jo nakSatra AtA ho, usase milAna kiyA jaae| gRha kA nAma usake AkAra-prakAra ke anusAra vAstu-vidyA meM jo nirdhArita ho; usakA prayoga kiyA jAe: nirdhArita na ho sake, to jo nAma usa gRha kA pracalita ho, usakA prayoga kiyA jaae| yA phira apanI pasaMda kA koI bhI nAma rakhakara usI se gRhasvAmI ke nakSatra se milAna kiyA jaae| ____maMdira aura gRhasvAmI ke nakSatra se milAna karanA ho, to maMdira kA vaha nAma mAnA jAe, jo usake mUlanAyaka kA ho; arthAt maMdira meM mukhya-mUrti jisa tIrthakara kI ho, usI ke nAma se vaha maMdira prasiddha hotA hai| udAharaNasvarUpa kisI maMdira meM yadi AdinAtha svAmI kI pratimA mUlanAyaka ke rUpa meM virAjamAna hai, to usa maMdira kA nAmakaraNa 'AdinAtha svAmI digaMbara jaina maMdira' -isa taraha se kiyA jaayegaa| isa milAna meM yaha tAlikA sahAyaka hogIH (jana vAstu-vidyA

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rAzi, yoni, nADI, gaNa Adi jAnane kI tAlikA saM. a amara rAzi varNa vasya yoni rAtIla gaNa mADI 1. azvinI bU ce meSa kSatriya catuSpada azva maMgala deva Adha - - 2. bharaNI ___ lI lU meSa kSatriya catuSpada gaja maMgala manuSya madhya 3. kRtikA ai 1 meSa 1 kSatriya catuSpada bakarA 1 maMgala rAkSasa antya ue vRSa 3 vaizya 4. rohiNI o vA vRSa vaizya catuSpada sarpa zukra manuSya antya dIvu 5. mRgazira ve vo 2 vRSa 2 vaizya 2 catuSpada sarpa 2 zukra deva madhya kA kI 2 mithuna 2 zUdra 2 manuSya 2 budha 8. ArdA ku gha mithuna zUdra manuSya zvAna budha manuSya Adha 7. punarvasu ke ko hA hI hu he mithuna 3 zUdra manuSya mArjAra 3 budha deva Adha 1 karka 1 brAhmaNa 1 jalaghara karka brAhmaNa jalacara bakarA caMdra deva madhya karka brAhmaNa jalacara mAjIra cdr| AzleSA DI Du De Do 10. maghA siha kSatriya vanacara cUhA sUrya / 11. pUrvA- mo TA siMha kSatriya vanacara cUhA sUrya manuSya madhya phAlgunI TI Tu 12. uttarA- Te To 1 siMha 1 kSatriya 1 vanacara gAya 1 sUrya manuSya Adya ___ phAlgunI pApI 3 kanyA 3 vaizya 8 manuSya 13. hasta puSA kanyA vaizya manuSya bhaiMsa budha deva Adha Na 14. citrA pe po 2 kanyA 2 vaizya manuSya bAgha 2 Jdha rAkSasa madhya rArI 2 tulA 2 zUdra 15. svAmi ru re tulA zUdra manuSya bhaMsa zukra deva antya rotA 18. vizAkhA tI tu tulA zUdra 3 manuSya bAgha zukra rAkSasa antya te to vRzcika brAhmaNa 1 kITa 1 magala 17. anurAdhA nA nI vRzcika brAhmaNa kITa hariNa maMgala deva madhya (jana vAstu-vidhA

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18. jyeSThA pAThA 22. zravaNa nu ne no yA vRzcika brAhmaNa kITa kSatriya manuSya kSatriya manuSya 19. mUla 20. pUrvASAr3hA bhu dhA pha DhA 21. uttarA- bhe bho jA jI khI khU khe kho 23. dhaniSThA gA gI gu ge 24. zatabhiSA go sA 25. pUrvA yI yu ye yo bhA bhI sI su se so bhAdrapadA dAdI 26. uttarA du tha bhAdrapadA jha Ja 27. revatI de do cA cI jaina vAstu-vidyA dhana dhana catuSpada 1 dhana 1 kSatriya catuSpada 3 makara 3 vaizya makara vaizya 2 makara 2 kuMbha kuMbha 3 kuMbha 1 mIna mIna mIna 2 vaizya 2 zUdra zUdra hariNa maMgaLa zvAna guru vAnara guru brAhmaNa jalacara abhya 3 zUdra 3 manuSya siMha 1 brAhmaNa 1 jalacara brAhmaNa jalacara nevalA 1 guru manuSya antya 1 zani vAnara zani rAkSasa Aya gAya rAkSasa Adya catuSpada jalacara 2 jalacara siMha zani 2 manuSya manuSya zani 3 zani manuSya Adya 1 guru guru gaja manuSya madhya yaaM deva antya rAkSasa madhya rAkSasa Aya lai lai manuSya madhya guru deva antya 8 2

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AvAsa-gRhoM ke lakSaNa AvAsa-gRhoM ke sAmAnya lakSaNa __vahI ghara zobhAvardhaka aura RddhidAyaka hotA hai, jisake sabhI aMga puruSa ke aMgoM kI bhA~ti sapUrNa bhI ho, anupAta me ho aura zuddha bhI hoN| ghara pIche caur3A aura Age kama caur3A, tathA pIche U~cA aura Age kama U~cA honA caahie| isase ghara apekSAkRta adhika surakSita rahegA aura vyaktigata gatividhiyoM (prAivesIz2a) kama-se-kama ujAgara ho sakegI; sAmane mArgasabaMdhI aupacArikatAoM me kama sthAna ghiregA, jisase rahane ko adhika sthAna mila skegaa| ghara ke AkAra kI tulanA gomukha, bailagADI aura sUpa (anAja phaTakane kA sUpA) se kI gaI hai; kyoki ye tIno bhI pIche caur3e aura Age kama caur3e hote haiN| ghara ke saMdarbha me ghara-gRhasthI kI ina cIjoM kA udAharaNa manoraMjaka to hai hI, manovaijJAnika bhI hai| gAya eka sarala-sahaja prANI hai, jaisA ki eka sadgRhastha yA sadagRhiNI ko honA caahie| vaise bhI gAya kA mahattva prAcInakAla se rahA hai, sidhu ghATI kI sabhyatA meM bhI go-pAlana hotA thaa| vAstu-vidyA me gAya kA yaha udAharaNa itihAsa aura samAjazAstra kI dRSTi se bhI mahattvapUrNa hai| dukAna, inake viparIta, Age cauDI aura U~cI ho, madhya me tathA pIche samAna ho| ghara kA mukhya dvAra pUrva dizA meM ho|--ki pUrva dizA ko magalamaya mAnA gayA hai ataH mukhyadvAra pUrvamukha rakhane kA vidhAna vAstuzAstra me sabase zubha mAnA gayA hai| phira dekhA jAe ki ghara kI yA usakI bhUmi kI U~cAInicAI barAbara hai yA nhiiN| pUrva meM UMcAI hone para dhana-hAni, dakSiNa meM U~cAI hone para samRddhi, pazcima meM U~cAI hone para dhana-dhAnya Adi kI vRddhi aura uttara meM U~cAI hone para barabAdI hone kI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai| ghara yA devAlaya kA jIrNeddhAra karate samaya dhyAna rahe ki mukhyadvAra jarA bhI idhara-udhara yA parivartita na kiyA jAe: vaha jisa dizA me jisa sthAna para, jisa nApa kA ho, usI dizA meM, usI sthAna para aura usI nApa kA jana vAstu-vidhA

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rakhA jaae| ghara ke sAmane arihaMta jinadeva kI dRSTi yA dA~yA bhAga ho, to kalyANa hogaa| isake viparIta hone para ghara hAnikAraka ho sakatA hai; paratu bIca me mukhya rAstA AtA ho, to vaha doSa nahIM mAnA jaae| ghara ke sAmane jinadeva kI pITha hAnikAraka hai| ghara kI sAja-sajjA kA prAvadhAna bhI rakhA jaae| phalavAle vRkSa, puSpoM kI latA, sarasvatI devI, nau nidhiyoM ke sAtha lakSmI devI, kalaza, svastika Adi mAgalika cihna, zubha svapnoM ke citra ghara kI zobhA bar3hAte hai| AvAsa-gRha aura vRkSa paryAvaraNa kI dRSTi se ghara meM aura usake AsapAsa per3a-paudhe hoM, -yaha vAMchanIya hai| paratu vAstu-zAstra me kucha vRkSoM se dUra rahane kA parAmarza diyA gayA hai| kapitya (kaiMtha), kadamba, kelA, bijaurA, nIca, anAra, jaMbhIrI, Aka, imalI, babUla, bera aura pIle phUlavAle vRkSa ghara meM nahIM bonA caahie| sabhavataH Ayurveda zAstra ke anusAra yaha parAmarza diyA gayA hai| ina vRkSo kI jaDe jisa ghara meM ghusI ho, yahA~ taka ki ina vRkSoM kI chAyA jisa ghara para par3atI ho; vaha ghara pUre kula ko barabAda kara sakatA hai| kitu tulasI kA paudhA ghara me avazya lagAnA caahie| jo sUkhA huA, TUTA huA, zmazAna ke sAtha sthita ho, jisa para pakSiyo ke ghosale ho, jise kATane se dUdha nikalatA ho, jo bahata labA ho-aisA vRkSa tathA nIma aura baheDA Adi vRkSa ghara banAne ke lie kATakara nahIM lAe~, kyoki ye Ayurveda kI dRSTi se hAnikAraka ho sakate hai, dhArmika dRSTi se azubha eva hisAvardhaka mAne jAte haiM tathA imAratI kArya ke lie kamajora siddha hote hai| ___ghara ke pAsa sthita kaiMTIle vRkSa bhayakAraka, dUdhavAle vRkSa lakSmInAzaka aura phalavAle vRkSa saMtAna-ghAtaka hote haiN| ghara ke pAsa se ye vRkSa haTA die jAe~ yA phira unake pAsa punAga (nAgakesara), azoka, rIThA, bakaulI, kaThahala, zamI, zAla Adi sugadhita vRkSa bo diye jAe~; tAki unakA doSa zAta ho jaae| gUlara, pIpala, Umara, kaThUmara, palAza Adi vRkSoM (phiga TrIz2a) kI lakar3I bhI ghara meM nahIM lagAnI cAhiye, kyoki vaha Thosa nahIM hotI hai| ghara meM aisI lakar3I kA upayoga kabhI nahIM karanA cAhie, jisakA (jana vAstu-vidyA

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upayoga hala, kolha, gAr3I, arahaTa Adi meM kiyA jA cukA ho| gUlara, pIpala, Umara, kamara, palAza Adi vRkSoM kI lakar3I bhI ghara meM nahIM lagAnI caahie| kyoMki inase banI cIjeM TikAU nahIM hotI haiN| sAta prakAra ke vedha-dorSoM se bacAva jisa bhUkhaDa para ghara banAyA jA rahA hai, usa para yA usake AsapAsa bhUmi ke nIce yA Upara koI doSa ho; to vaha dUra karake hI nirmANa kArya kA AraMbha kiyA jaae| ghara kI U~cAI se dogunI bhUmi chor3akara koI doSa ho, to koI bAta nhiiN| saskRta meM 'vedha' ke nAma se paricita ye doSa sAta prakAra ke ho sakate haiN| inakA vivaraNa nimnAnusAra hai:1. bhUmi kahIM samatala aura kahIM Ubar3a-khAbar3a ho, ghara ke sAmane tela nikAlane yA gannA pelane kA kolhU yA arahaTa ho, kuA~ yA kue~ ko jAne kA rAstA ho; to 'tala-vedha' nAmaka doSa hotA hai| isakA phala hai kuSTha aura mirgI roga / 2. ghara ke kone barAbara na ho, to 'koNa-vedha' nAmaka doSa hogaa| isake phalasvarUpa uccATana ho sakatA hai arthAt gRhasvAmI apane pada yA sthAna se haTAyA jA sakatA hai| 3 eka hI khaDa (maMz2ila) kI vibhinna kar3iyA~ U~cI-nIcI hone para ___ tAluvedha' hogaa| isameM kisI bhI samaya ghara girane kA bhaya banA rhegaa| 4. dvAra ke Upara kI paTarI (siradala yA caukhaTa) ke bIcoMbIca koI kar3I (liTala) rakhI jAe, to 'zirovedha' yA 'kapAla-vedha' hogA aura usase dhana-hAni aura kaSTa hogaa| 5 ghara me bIcobIca koI stabha ho yA agni yA jala kA sthAna ho, to 'stabhavedha' nAmaka doSa mAnA jaae| usake phalasvarupa kula kI barabAdI kI sabhAvanA rahatI hai| 6. ghara ke eka khaDa (majila) me jitanI kar3iyA~ ho, unase kama yA adhika dUsare khaDa meM ho, to tulA-vedha' mAnA jaae| isase bhI dhana-hAni aura kaSTa kI sabhAvanA ho sakatI hai| 7. ghara ke mukhya dvAra ke sAmane vRkSa, kuauM, khabhA, konA, khUTA Adi ho, to 'dvAra-vedha' nAmaka doSa hogaa| isake vibhinna prakAra ke duSphala ho sakate - - (jaina vAstu-vidyA)

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ATha prakAra ke AvAsa gRha vAstu-vidyA meM AvAsa gRhoM kA vargIkaraNa kaIprakAra se huA hai| kakSo aura aliMdoM ke AkAra-prakAra, saMkhyA, dizAnusAra sthiti Adi kI dRSTi se AvAsa gRha solaha haz2Ara tIna sau caurAsI (16384) prakAra ke ho sakate haiN| rAja-bhavana trailokya- suMdara Adi ke nAma se cauMsaTha (64) prakAra ke ho sakate haiN| AvAsa gRhoM ke prakAra gharoM ke prasiddha bheda haiM: sUrya, vAsava, vIrya, kAlAkSa, buddhi, suvrata, prAsAda aura dvivedha | inake vimalAdi, suMdarAdi evaM haMsAdi solaha-solaha bheda haiN| sUrya 1 buddhi 5 ]]]} vAsava 2 SA suvrata 6 vIrya 3 LEJLIS prAsAda 7 111 kAlAkSa 4 dvivedha 8 aliMda-AdhArita ATha gRha ; dAe~-bAe~ eka-eka kakSa ke sAtha Age tIna aliMda hone para 'sUrya' cAra alida hone para 'vAsava' Age tIna aura pIche do aliMda hone para 'vIrya'; Age-pIche do-do aura dAe~ eka aliMda ho, to 'daMDa'; Age tIna aura dAe~bAe~ do-do aliMda hoM, to 'buddhi': cAroM ora do-do aliMda hone para 'suvrata': (jaina vAstu-vidyA

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Age tIna aura zeSa tInoM dizAoM meM do-do aliMda hoM, to prAsAda; aura Age cAra aura pIche tIna aliMda hone para 'dvivedha' nAma ke ghara hote haiN| ye AThoM yathAnAma tathAguNa haiN| tathApi unake viziSTa zubhAzubha phala batAe gae haiM (dUsare se chaThe taka kramazaH): yugAMta sthiratA; cAroM varNoM kA hitaciMtana; akAla-daMDa: sadbuddhi siddhi / solaha prakAra ke AvAsa gRha gharoM kA vargIkaraNa kahIM-kahIM bahuta hI manoraMjaka AdhAra para kiyA dhAnya 2 dhruva jaya 3 naMda 4 SSSS khara 5 SS IS durmukha 9 SSS) kSaya 13 ss 11 (jaina vAstu-vidyA ISSS kAnta 6 IS IS krUra 10 |''| Akanda 14 5 ISS Is / / manorama 7 supakSa 11 5151 vipula 15 JL solaha prakAra ke AvAsa- gRha SIII IISS sumukha B dhanada 12 1151 vijaya 16 48

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gayA hai| udAharaNa ke lie, kAvyazAstra meM chaMdoM kA lakSaNa batAne ke lie guru (5) aura laghu (1) ke jina cihnoM kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai; unakA prayoga vAstu-zAstra meM dIvAroM (s) aura kakSoM (1) kI saMkhyA aura sthiti batAne ke lie kiyA gayA hai, jisase gharoM ke solaha bheda banate haiM; jaisAki yahA~ rekhA-citroM meM pradarzita hai| dhava' nAmaka prathama prakAra ke ghara meM cAroM guru (5) haiM, yAnI, cAro ora dIvAra hai; koI laghu (1) nahIM hai, yAnI koI kakSa nahIM hai| 'dhAnya' ghara meM eka laghu hai, usakI pUrva dizA meM kakSa hai| jaya' ghara meM dUsare sthAna para laghu hai, usake dakSiNa meM kakSa hai| naMda' ghara meM do laghu haiM, usakI pUrva aura dakSiNa dizAoM meM eka-eka kakSa hai| solahaveM, 'vijaya' prakAra ke ghara meM cAroM laghu haiM, usakI cAroM dizAoM meM kakSa hai| itanA hI nahIM, ina solaho prakAra ke gharoM kA vAstu-vidyA ke atirikta sAhityika aura sAmAjika mahattva bhI hai| unake nAmo ke apane-apane zubha yA azubha phala bhI hote haiM (kramazaH) jaya; dhAnya-vRddhi; zatru para vijaya; saba prakAra kI samRddhi kleza, lakSmI-Ayu-Arogya-aizvarya-saMpatti; mAnasika saMtoSa; rAja-sammAna; kalaha; bhayaMkara bImArI aura bhaya; kuTuMba kI vRddhiH svarNa, ratna aura gAya kI prApti kSaya (hAni); ghara-parivAra meM jana-hAni; gRha-svAmI Adi ko Arogya aura kIrti; saba prakAra kI sNptti| cauMsaTha prakAra ke AvAsa-gRha zAMtana Adi ke nAma se cauMsaTha prakAra ke dvizAla (do kamaro vAle) gharoM ke vibhAjana kA AdhAra bhI utanA hI rocaka hai: dakSiNa aura Agneya dizAo me eka-eka kakSa hoM aura unake mukha uttara dizA meM hoM, to ve 'kariNI' (mAdA hAthI) kakSa kahe jaaeNge| naiRtya aura pazcima meM pUrvamukhI kakSa mahiSI' (bhaiMsa) kahe jAe~ge, vAyavya aura uttara ke dakSiNa-makhI kakSa 'gAvI' (gAya), tathA pUrva aura aizAna ke pazcima-mukhI chAgI' (bakarI) kakSa kahe jaayege| ina cAro kI vibhinna aura saMyukta sthitiyo se, zAMtana' se 'kaTaka' taka ke, cauMsaTha prakAra ke ghara hoNge| staMbha-saMkhyA dvArA paricita ghara ___ bAraha se cauMsaTha taka staMbhoM kI saMkhyA ke kAraNa bhI gharoM ke sattAIsa nAma nirdhArita kie gae haiN| vAstu-vidyA meM unakA bar3A mahattva hai| unake rekhAcitra prastuta haiN| jina vAstu-viyA

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50 staMbha 20. jaya 50 staMbha 23. kailAsa (jaina vAstu-vidyA 64 staMbha 27. puSpaka 82 sma 21. gajamadra 58 stama 24. mUgaMdana 54 staMbha 22. buddhisaMkIrNa 80 stama 25. suprama 62 staMbha 26. puSpabhaTTa 8 50

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12 staMbha 1, susUtra 18 staMbha 4. siMhaka 14 staMbha 2, bhadra 20 staMbha 5. padAdhika staMbha- sakhyA dvArA paricita ghara 16 staMbha 3. siMha 48 staMbha 19. zrIvatsa 00 51

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AvAsa gRhoM ke aMga AvAsa gRhoM ke aMga : sAmAnya paricaya AvAsa gRha (ghara, makAna) ke aga haiM: 'zAlA' jisake lie kakSa, koThA, kamarA, oraDA Adi zabda pracalita haiN| 'aliMda' vaha barAmadA yA dAlAna hai, jo ghara ke sAmane ho; kintu ghara ke dAe~ yA bAe~ yA pichavAr3e jo barAmadA ho, use 'aliMda' nahIM, balki 'gujArI' kahate haiN| jo sthAna chata ke nIce cAroM yA tIna ora se khulA ho, vaha 'maMDala' kahalAtA hai; yaha zabda vAstuvidyA meM bahuta pracalita hai aura isakA aitihAsika aura sAMskRtika mahattva hai| 'jAlaka' yA 'jAlika' kA artha hai: khiDakI, jharokhA, gavAkSa, vAtAyana, havAkaza Adi / bhitti (mITa, dIvAra), staMbha (khaMbhe), dharaNa (kaDI, pITha, liMTala) Adi to AvAsagRha ke aMga hote hI haiM; inake atirikta dvAra, dukAna Adi bhI ghara ke aMga mAne gae haiM / vAstu-vidyA me ina sabake AkAra-prakAra, anupAta, sthiti, dizA Adi para sUkSmatA se vicAra kiyA gayA hai|" usame zubhAzubha phala kA nirdeza bhI vibhinna dRSTikoNoM se diyA gayA hai| AvAsa gRha ke aMga : dukAna dukAna kA agrabhAga pRSThabhAga kI apekSA adhika caur3A aura U~cA ho, tAki usame adhika-se-adhika vastuo kA acche-se-acchA pradarzana kiyA jA ske| siha kA mukha bhI aisA hI hotA hai| dukAna meM udyama kI anivAryatA hai, siha udyama kA pratIka hai; paMcataMtra' meM ThIka hI likhA hai: "udyoginaM puruSasiMhamupaiti lakSmIH", arthAt udyogI puruSarUpI siMha ko hI lakSmI prApta hotI hai| siMha tIrthakara mahAvIra kA bhI cihna hai| dukAna yA kAryAlaya kA mukha yathAsaMbhava uttara kI ora ho / uttara (dizA) uttara ( javAba yA Takkara) kA pratIka hai, jo dUkAna kI saphalatA ke lie anivArya hai| jaisA ki kahA jA cukA hai, uttara kubera kI dizA hai aura kubera kA dUsarA nAma dhanada' arthAt dhana denevAlA hai / jaina vAstu-vidyA 52

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bhArata ke uttara meM hI to himAlaya sthita hai| kumAra-saMbhava' mahAkAvya ke prathama zloka meM mahAkavi kAlidAsa ne likhA hai ki 'devatAtmA parvatarAja himAlaya itanA vistRta hai ki eka ora vaha pUrvI samudra ko chUtA hai aura dUsarI ora pazcimI samudra ko, tathA U~cA itanA hai ki mAnoM madhyaloka ko nApane calA ho| puruSArthI udyogapati aura karmaTha vyavasAyI aise hI kIrtimAna sthApita kareM, uttara dizA se yaha preraNA milatI hai| AvAsa-gRha meM kahA~ kyA banAeM jAe AcArya umAsvAmI ke nAma se prasiddha zrAvakAcAra (padya kra. 112-113) meM batAyA gayA hai ki ghara kI kisa dizA meM kauna-sA kakSa hoH pUrva meM zrIgRha (DrAiga rUma), Agneya meM rasoI (kicana), dakSiNa meM zayanakakSa (beDarUma), nairRtya meM zastrAstra Adi upakaraNa (sTora), pazcima meM bhojanakakSA, vAyavya meM tijorI Adi kImatI sAmAna, uttara meM jala (TaMkI, vATara kUlara Adi), aizAna me devAlaya aura ina sabake ThIka madhya meM muktAkAza A~gana (korTayADa) honA caahiye| uttara zayanakakSa, baccoM kA kamarA, bhUmi kI sataha nIcI, jyAdA khulI adhika khulI jagaha, siMha-mAra, prAigarUma, tijorI Adi kImatI jagaha, parTiko, bAlkanI, barAmadA, dayA-vela. kuoM, peTiko bAlkanI, sAmAna, gaireja, gozAlA, sabaiTsa tijorI, kImatI sAmAna, jala khulI chata, devalaya. adhyayana-kA, kvArTara tayAra mAna, chata para pAnI (TaMkI) baTara kUlara, daravAje besmeNtt| kI ttkii| khir3akiyoM aadi| bhUmi kI sataha (prajA levala) nISA bhUmi kI sataha pUrva se adhika khulI jagaha adhika UMcI, sabase kama gRha (sahagalama) dvAroM muktAkAza khulI jagaha, chata para / | aura khir3akiyoM kI saMkhyA aMgana pAnI kI TaMkI, sTora / (korTayA) | adhika, porca, barAmadA, bhojanakakSa, zaucAlaya, kaccA maal| / balkanI, siMhakAra aadi| mukhya zayanakama hocAlaya, ------- gaireja, rasoI, khAca-sAmagrI. jAnA, kaiziyara kA sthAna, mazIna bhUmi kI sataha adhika U~cI, gulA jenareTara, mena svica bijalI, zastrAstroM aura kacce mAla kA sthAna kama, kI dIvAra do balara, TrAMsaphArmara maadi| sttor| maMz2ile, zayana-kavA sTora bhArI masIne va pesa aadi| pasina jana vAstu-vidhA

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'vatthu-sAra-payaraNa' ke anusAra siMha-dvAra (mena geTa) pUrva dizA meM, rasoI Agneya koNa me, zayana-kakSa dakSiNa meM, zaulAcaya (leTrina) nairRtya meM, bhojanakakSa pazcima meM, Ayudha Adi upakaraNa (sTora) vAyavya meM, tijorI Adi kImatI sAmAna uttara meM aura pUjAgRha aizAna koNa meM honA caahie| 'umAsvAmI zrAvakAcAra' (padya 112-113) meM bhI isIprakAra kI vyavasthA batAI gayI hai| agara siMha-dvAra pUrva dizA meM nA hokara anya kisI dizA me ho, to bhI aMdara ke kakSo kI dizAyeM vAstuzAstrokta rIti se hI rakhI jAnI caahie| yaha kathana bhramAtmaka hai ki 'siMha-dvAra kI dizA badalane se anya kakSoM kI dizAyeM bhI badala jaaeNgii| siMha-cAra (mena-geTa) kI dizA jo sihadvAra pUrva kI ora ho, use vijayadvAra' kahate haiN| isIprakAra jo pazcima kI ora ho use 'makara (krokoDAila) dvAra', jo uttara me ho use 'kuberadvAra' aura jo dakSiNa meM ho use 'yamadvAra' kahate haiN| spaSTa hai ki sihadvAra dakSiNa meM banAkara koI bhI yama kA dvAra nahIM kholanA caahegaa| tathApi yadi aisA karanA anivArya ho jAe, to vaha bIcoMbIca yA jahA~ cAhe nahIM banAyA jAe, balki bhUmi kI dakSiNa me laMbAI (yA caur3AI) ke ATha samAna bhAgoM meM se dUsare yA chaThe bhAga me banAyA jaae| udAharaNa ke lie, dakSiNa meM bhUmi kI laMbAI caubIsa phuTa ho, to sihadvAra cauthe se chaThe phuTa ke bIca, yA, solahaveM se aThArahave phuTa ke bIca banAnA caahie| isIprakAra ATha bhAgoM meM se cauthe yA tIsare bhAga meM pUrva dizA meM, tIsare yA pA~caveM bhAga meM pazcima dizA meM aura tIsare yA pA~caveM bhAga meM uttara dizA me siMhadvAra banAyA jaae| ghara ke aMdara jAne kA mukhyadvAra bhI isI niyama ke anusAra banAyA jaae| yahA~ taka ki Upara kI maMjila yA maMz2iloM meM jAne ke lie sopAnamArga yA jInA bhI isI niyama ke anusAra banAyA jaae| siMha-vAra aura mukhya dvAra kA saMbaMdha 'samarAMgaNa-sUtradhAra' meM likhA hai ki siMhadvAra aura mukhyadvAra kI dizA eka hI ho, arthAt ghara meM sammukha praveza ho, to usa utsaMga' nAmaka praveza se saubhAgya, satAna, dhana-dhAnya aura vijaya prApta hotI hai| - jana vAstuvidhA

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siMhadvAra se bAI ora ghUmakara mukhyadvAra meM praveza karanA par3atA ho, to vaha hIna-bAhu' praveza kahA jAegA; jisakA duSphala hai-nirdhanatA, mitrabaMdhuoM kI kamI, striyoM kA bolabAlA aura bImAriyoM kA silsilaa| siMhadvAra meM siMhadvAra kI dIvAra ghUmakara kiyA jAnevAlA praveza pratyakSa' yA 'pRSThabhaMga' praveza hogA aura usake ve hI duSphala hoMge, jo 'hInabAhu' praveza ke hote haiN| mukhya dvAra kI U~cAI aura caur3AI ghara kI caur3AI jitane hAtha (lagabhaga caubIsa iMca) ho, utane aMgula (lagabhaga eka iMca) meM sATha (60) aMgula aura jor3ane para jitane aMgula Ae~, utanI U~cAI mukhyadvAra kI ho| AvazyakatA ke anusAra sATha ke badale pacAsa yA sattara aMgula bhI jor3e jA sakate haiN| dvAra kI U~cAI kA AdhA aura solahavA~ bhAga milAne para (nau baTe solaha) jo nAma Ae, utanI caur3AI usa dvAra kI rakhI jaae| mAna leM ki dvAra kI U~cAI assI aMgula hai, to usake Adhe cAlIsa aura solahaveM bhAga, yAnI pA~ca aMgala milAkara paiMtAlIsa aMgala usa dvAra kI caur3AI hogii| dvAra kI caur3AI eka anya prakAra se bhI nikAlI jA sakatI hai| ghara kI U~cAI (anumAnita bAraha phuTa) kI do tihAI (ATha phuTa) dvAra kI U~cAI aura usakI AdhI (cAra phuTa) caur3AI rakhI jaae| anya dvAra mukhya-dvAra ke barAbara, yA usase choTe, lekina usI anupAta me banAye jA sakate haiN| dvAra ke sAtha khir3akI yA khir3akiyA~ suvidhAnusAra banAI jA sakatI haiN| pazcima dizA meM dvAravAle ghara meM yadi do dvAra aura zAlA ho, to aniSTa kI saMbhAvanA rhegii| dvAra para kamala kA aMkana (ukeranA) Avazyaka hai; paraMtu eka hI kamala aMkita ho, to vaha azubha hogaa| jisa bAra ke kivAr3a (palle) apane Apa khula jAe~ yA baMda ho jAe~, vaha dvAra azubha hotA hai| kalaza Adi ke citroM se alaMkRta mukhyAvAra zubhakAraka hotA hai| gRhasajjA kA mahatva AvAsa-gRha kI sAjasajjA se gRhasvAmI ke AcAra-vicAra kA paricaya milatA hai| sajjA ke rUpa aura viSaya kA nirdhAraNa sAhitya, paraMparAe~. maoNDarna ArTa Adi karate haiM; sajjA karane kA vyavasAya (iMTIriyara Dekorezana) jana vAstu-viNA)

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cala par3A hai| ghara ke agrabhAga (phraMTa) kA Diz2Aina svayaM sajAvaTa kA Adhunika uddezya pUrA kara detA hai; to bhI praveza dvAra para baMdanavAra, kalaza, svastika, 'zubha', 'lAbha' Adi kI prastuti Aja bhI kI jAtI hai| sajjA aMtaraMga ho yA bahiraMga, vaha jitanI pratIkAtmaka yA siMbAlika ( bhAvanAoM kI sUcaka ho, utanI hI acchI hogii| jhArI (ToMTIdAra kalaza). kalaza, 19 darpaNa, 50 dhvaja 1 cAmara, chatra, vyajana (paMkhA ), supratiSTha (pustaka rakhane kI rihala) Adi maMgala dravya 2 sthApita kara maMdira kI sajjA kI jAtI hai| unameM se pUrNa ghaTa yA kuMbha yA kalaza kA vidhAna AvAsa gRha ke lie bhI hai| pUrNa kalaza parivAra ko bharApUrA rakhatA hai, usa para AcchAdita Amrapatra saba kucha harAbharA rakhate haiM, una para sthApita nAriyala kalpavRkSa kA pratIka hai| Ate hue priyajana ke svAgata meM suhAgineM kalaza lekara khar3I hotI haiN| sAdhu kA AhAra ke lie pratigrahaNa nAriyala ke sAtha kalaza lekara kiyA jAtA hai| maMdira kI zobhA zikhara se aura zikhara kI zobhA kalaza se hai| nirmANa kArya meM dhyAna rakhane yogya kucha bAteM dhyAna rakhA jAe ki eka konA dUsare kone ke barAbara ho, eka AlA dUsare Ale ke barAbara ho, khU~Te ke barAbara khU~TA aura khaMbhe ke barAbara khaMbhA ho / Ale ke Upara kIlA yA khU~TA, dvAra ke Upara khaMbhA, khaMbhe ke Upara dvAra, eka dvAra ke Upara do dvAra, sama saMkhyA meM khaDa (maMjila) aura viSama saMkhyA meM khaMme hoM; to kabhI bhI kucha bhI hAni ho sakatI hai| A~gana kA tikonA yA paeNMcakonA honA bhI aniSTakAraka hai| aise ghara meM kabhI nahIM rahanA cAhie, jisake kone gola hoM; jisameM eka yA do yA tIna kone hoM, jo dakSiNa kI ora yA bAyIM ora laMbA ho / khir3akI itanI U~cAI para banAI jAe ki usake pAsa kI par3osI kI khir3akI nIcI ho| par3osI ke makAna meM aMtarAla ho, to koI bAdhA nahIM hai| apanI khir3akI U~cI rakhane se yahA~ tAtparya UrjA kI beroka-Toka prApti kA uddezya pUrNa karanA hai| ghara ke pIche khir3akI to kyA, suI ke barAbara cheda bhI nahIM rakhanA caahie| gAya, baila aura gAr3I kA sthAna ghara ke bAhara dakSiNa meM aura ghor3e kA sthAna usakI bAIM ora ghur3asAla meM ho| ghara meM anya pazu-pakSI na rakhe jAe~; jaina vAstu-vidyA 56

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kuttA, billI Adi mAsAhArI to kataI nhiiN| ghara me sote samaya dhyAna rakhA jAe ki paira deva-zAstra-guru-agni-gAya aura dhana (tijorI) kI ora na hoM, sira uttara meM na ho, zarIra pUrI taraha nirvastra na ho aura paira gIle na hoM, sirahAnA dakSiNa meM yA phira pazcima me ho| jabaki sallekhanA (samAdhimaraNa) Adi ke samaya sirahAnA aizAna me yA uttara me yA phira pUrva meM honA cAhie 156 00 jana vAstu-vidhA

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Adhunika zailI kA nirmANa AvAsa-gRhoM kA sAmUhika nirmANa bhUmi, samaya, zrama aura dhana kI bacata ke lie aura sahakAritA kI dRSTi se sAmUhika AvAsa yojanAe~ aba sarvatra pracalita ho rahI hai| yadyapi inake adhika lAbha haiM; kiMtu kucha hAniyA~ bhI hai| ataH inameM bhUmi, bhavana aura sAjhA vyavasthA meM vivAdoM se bacane ke lie dIvAreM, jInA, gRha-vATikA (kicana gArDana) Adi kama-se-kama banAe jaaeN| sAmUhika AvAsa yojanA ke lie bhUkhaDa ke cayana meM yaha dhyAna rakhanA Avazyaka hai ki barasAta ke pAnI kA bahAva uttara-pUrva kI ora ho| isI taraha sar3ako kA nirmANa uttara-dakSiNa aura pUrva-pazcima me ho| kaoNlonI ke geTa do ho, pUrva me aura uttara me| yaha prayAsa kiyA jAe ki AvAsa caturbhuja AkAra meM ho; unameM prAtaHkAlIna sUrya kiraNo kA praveza ho ske| isa prakAra ke nirmANa me sAmAjika aura vaijJAnika dRSTi se vyaktigata aura sAmUhika suvidhAe~ juTAI jAe~ / sahakAritA kI sadbhAvanA kA atirikta lAbha uThAkara sAMskRtika, sAhityika aura vyAvasAyika kArya-kalApa hAtha me lie jAe~ / sahakAritA ke isa mAdhyama se anekatA meM ekatA kI sthApanA dvArA deza-sevA bhI kI jA sakatI hai| bahu-maMz2ile (malTI-sTorIDa) bhavana ___ vAstu-vidyA ke niyamo aura upaniyamo kI dRSTi se, eka bahu-maMjilA bhavana bhI eka prakAra kI sAmUhika AvAsa yojanA hai| vaijJAnika aura sAmUhika suvidhAe~ donoM me samAnarUpa se caahie| bhUkhaDa kA DhalAna uttara-pUrva meM ho, dakSiNa-pazcima kSetra ke tala kI U~cAI adhika ho| bhavana kI cAroM ora khulI jagaha tathA dakSiNa-pazcima me kama khAlI sthAna choDe / pUrva me khulI jagaha pazcima se adhika ho| uttara eva uttara-pUrva meM khulI jagaha dakSiNa evaM dakSiNa-pazcima se adhika ho| bhUkhaMDa kA dakSiNa-pazcima koNa samakoNa ho, 90deg, jisase caukora yA (jana vAstu-viSNa

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AyatAkAra makAna bana skeN| uttara-pUrva yA dakSiNa-pUrva meM mArga hoN| nirmANa kArya prAraMbha karane se pUrva hI kuA~ yA TyUbavela, uttara-pUrva arthAt 'IzAna koNa me banAyA jaae| chata para pAnI kI TaMkI vAyavya koNa meM ho| agni-zamana Adi kI vaijJAnika vyavasthA para vizeSa dhyAna diyA jaae| prathama tala se UparI tala kI U~cAI kama rakhanI cAhie, paratuM bahumajile bhavanoM meM aisA karanA kaThina hotA hai, ataH sabase Upara kI maMjila kI U~cAI thor3I kama rakhI jA sakatI hai| Upara kI maMjiloM kA nirmANa isa taraha se karakeM ki prAtaHkAlIna sUrya kiraNe sabhI AvAso ko prApta hoM aura vAyu kA praveza kisI bhI AvAsa meM nahIM ruke| jyAdAtara AvAso kI bAlakanI pUrva aura uttara dizA meM hI ho, aura jahA~ taka saMbhava ho dakSiNa yA pazcima dizA meM nhiiN| sTora Adi AvAsa ke dakSiNa-pazcima bhAga meM hI ho| sIDhiyA~ dakSiNa yA pazcima dizA meM yA jahA~ taka saMbhava ho dakSiNIpazcimI kSetra meM banAe~, uttara-pUrva meM nhiiN| AvAsoM ke mukhya daravAje pUrva, uttara-pUrva aura uttara-pazcima kI ora ho| rasoIghara dakSiNa-pUrva yA uttarapazcima me ho| choTe vAhanoM kI pArkiMga kA z2amIna ke adara (aMDaragrAuMDa) sthAna uttara-pUrva meM aura besameMTa uttara yA pUrva kSetra meM hoM, dakSiNa eva pazcima me nhiiN| uttara-pUrva ke khule sthAna meM pArka ho / vRkSa kama U~cAIvAle hoM, tAki vAyu-saMcAra nahIM ruke| dakSiNa dizA meM bar3e vRkSa bhI lagAe jA sakate haiN| audyogika upayoga ke bhavana audyogika sasthAna ke lie bhUkhaMDa ke pUrva meM, uttara meM yA uttara-pUrva meM mArga uttama hotA hai| pravezadvAra uttara-pUrva meM yA pUrva me yA uttara-pazcima meM ho| audyogika bhavanoM meM dakSiNI-pazcimI bhAga U~cA banAyA jaae| saMsthAna kA prazAsanika bhavana phaikTarI bhavana se nIcA ho, aura madhya meM uttara yA pUrva dizA meM ho| jainareTara kA kamarA dakSiNa meM ho yA dakSiNa-pUrva me / bhUkhaMDa ke uttara-pUrva meM anya dizAoM kI apekSA adhika khulA sthAna, daravAje, khir3akiyA~ Adi hoN| surakSA karmacAriyo ke lie sthAna uttara-pazcima yA uttara me bnaaeN| karmacAriyoM ke AvAsa dakSiNa-pUrva yA uttara-pazcimI audyogika jana vAstu-vidhA

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bhavana kI dIvAra se dUra hoN| zaucAlaya dakSiNa-pazcima (naiRtya koNa meM ho / bhavana ke dakSiNa aura pazcima meM adhika U~ce vRkSa lagAe jA sakate haiN| paraMtu bhavana ke pUrva evaM uttara meM kama U~cAIvAle vRkSoM ke bagIce pArka ho, jisase sUrya kA prakAza na ruke| kuA~ yA TyUbavela pUrva uttara meM, dIvAra aura geTa se thor3I dUra para ho| uttara-pazcima meM ovaraheDa TaiMka sthApita kreN| bhArI sAmAna kA bhaMDAraNa dakSiNa-pazcima kSetra meM aura vAhanoM kI pArkiMga uttarapazcima meM ho| bhArI mazInarI dakSiNa, pazcima yA dakSiNa-pazcimI dizA meM sthApita kre| Aga saMbaMdhI sabhI kArya jaise bhaTTI, baoNyalara Adi dakSiNa-pUrva meM rakhe ! udyoga meM laganevAlI sAmagrI dakSiNa, pazcima yA dakSiNa-pazcima dizA meM rakhane kA sthAna (sTora) ho| uttara-pUrva me taiyAra mAla rkhe| adhabanA mAla pazcimI kSetra meM aura taiyAra mAla uttara-pazcima meM rakhA jA sakatA hai| kacce mAla kA utpAdana dakSiNa-pazcima se prArambha ho / usakI nikAsI uttara-pUrva kI ora se ho / 1 vAstu-vidyA ke nae camatkAra bhavano ke nirmANa me yatro kI bhUmikA dinodina baDha rahI hai| paraparAgata sAmagrI kA sthAna kRtrima sAmagrI letI jA rahI hai| reDImeDa dIvAro Adi ko naTa-bolTa se kasakara bar3e-bar3e bhavana banAe jA sakate haiM; naTa-bolTa kholakara vahI bhavana sthAnAntarita kiye jA sakate hai| vidyuta upakaraNoM, kampyUTaroM, yatra- mAnavo (robaTsa) Adi para AdhArita vyavasthAoM aura suvidhAoM ne bhavanoM ko itanA camatkArI, svayaMcala ( oNTomaiTika) aura savedanazIla (seMsiTiva) banA diyA hai ki unake lie eka nayA zabda cala par3A hai, iTailijeTa bilDiMga' (samajhadAra bhavana) / bhavanoM kI surakSA, ataraga yAtAyAta, vArtAlApa Adi meM iTarakaoNma, zaoNrTa-sarkiTa TI.vI. Adi ke sAtha aba kampyUTara kI sahAyatA bhI lI jAne lagI hai| avAMchita vyaktiyo aura sAmAna ke praveza kA niSedha, vAtAvaraNa kA niyaMtraNa (eyara kaMDIzaniga). Aga, tUphAna, bhUkaMpa Adi kI bhaviSyavANI aura unase bacAva, vidyut ApUrti aura jala ke zuddhIkaraNa kI svacAlita vyavasthA, bhavano kA rakharakhAva aura sAja-zrRMgAra (iTIriyara Dekorezana) Adi yatracAlita aura kaMpyUTarIkRta ho cale haiN| OM vAstu-vidyA 60

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bahu-ma -maMjile bhavanoM meM utthApaka (liphTa) aura cakra-sopAna (eliveTara) kI vyavasthA sAdhAraNa bAta ho gaI hai| baTana caTakAne bhara se yAnI rimoTa kaMTrola se dvAra khulate yA baMda hote haiM, parade uThate-girate haiM; yahA~ taka ki bAhara cala rahI zItala sukhada bayAra kI agavAnI meM khir3akiyA~ apane Apa khula par3atI haiM aura vAtAnukUlana sthagita ho jAtA hai| prAkRtika prakAza kA Arthika lAbha uThAne ke lie kRtrima prakAza vyavasthA svayaM sthagita ho jAtI hai| yaha nizcita saMbhAvanA kitanI AnaMda vardhaka hai ki vijJAna ke anata AviSkAro se vAstu-vidyA kA bhaviSya bhI adbhuta apUrva camatkAroM se bhara uThegA ! (jaina vAstu-vidyA 61

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maMdira kI avadhAraNA 'maMdira' zabda kA artha aura bhAvArtha 'maMdira' zabda kA artha saMskRta meM devAlaya bhI hotA hai aura AvAsagRha bhI; paraMtu hiMdI meM vaha prAyaH devAlaya ke artha me hI calatA hai| jaina sAhitya me eka zabda aura bhI isa artha meM vizeSarUpa meM calatA rahA hai, vaha hai 'Ayatana', jisakA prayoga 'jinAyatana' ke aMtargata hone lagA aura usake bhI bAda maMdira, Alaya, prAsAda, geha, gRha Adi zabdoM ne usakA sthAna le liyA / 'jinAyatana' zabda ke pracalana se eka bAta sUcita hotI hai ki madira me 'jina' bhagavAn kA mUrti ke rUpa me nivAsa hotA thA / 'mUrti' ke lie 'caitya' zabda kA bhI calana thA, isIlie 'caityAlaya' zabda bhI maMdira ke artha me Aja bhI calatA hai| akRtrima caityAlayo me virAjamAna jina-bibo ko argha 56 dene kA vidhAna bhI Aja jaina pUjA-pATha kA eka aMga hai| 'akRtrima caityAlaya' kA artha hai vijayArdha parvata, kulAcaloM Adi para vidyamAna zAzvata jinAyatana: jinakA nirmANa nahIM kiyA jAtA / jaina maMdira : samavazaraNa kA pratIka prasiddha kalA - itihAsajJa AnandakumAra kumArasvAmI ne 'hisTrI oNpha iDiyana eDa iDoneziyana ArTa' me likhA hai, isameM sadeha nahI ki maMdiro aura atima saMskAra ke sthAno me koI ekarUpatA hai; paraMtu unakA yaha kathana jaina maMdira ke sadarbha me tanika bhI sArthaka nhiiN| isa sadarbha meM jaina kalA aura sthApatya, khaDa 3 kI ye paktiyA~ draSTavya hai- "maMdira anivAryarUpa se kisI tIrthakara ko samarpita hotA hai, isaliye use eka smAraka kI sajJA denA kisI sImA taka tarkasaMgata ho sakatA hai| para yaha nizcita hai ki madira aisA smAraka nahI, jo kisI ke aMtima saMskAra ke sthAna para athavA asthi Adi avazeSo para nirmita kiyA jAtA hai|" isake viparIta madira ko eka atadAkAra sthApanA yA pratIka mAnanA adhika tarkasagata hogA, vaha meru kA nahIM balki samavazaraNa kA pratIka ho jaina vAstu-vidyA 62

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sakatA hai, jo tIrthakara kI sabhA ke lie divya mAyA se nirmita vizAla sabhAgAra hotA hai; pA~coM parameSThiyoM meM jinakI vaMdanA sarvaprathama kI jAtI hai unameM tIrthaMkara hI aise haiM, jo apanA upadeza kevala samavazaraNa meM dete haiM aura mUrti ke rUpa meM sarvaprathama aMkana bhI unhIM kA huA aura unhIM kA tadAkAra pratIka pratyeka maMdira meM mUla-nAyaka ke sthAna para honA anivArya aneka prAcIna aura navIna maMdiroM ke samakSa mAnastambha vidyamAna haiM jo samavazaraNa kA hI eka bhAga hotA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki eka bAra madirasthApatya ke rUpa meM pratIkabaddha ho cukA samavazaraNa kisI dUsare laghu pratIka ke rUpa meM bhI prastuta nahIM kiyA gyaa| jainadharma meM samavazaraNa kI mAnyatA asAdhAraNa hai; use stUpa yA aiDUka, jArUka yA jAlUka aura z2iggurAta Adi kI taraha kisI ke aMtima saMskAra ke sthAna para, yA asthi Adi avazeSoM para nirmita smArako kI zreNI me rakhanA anucita hogaa| 'caitya' zabda kA ullekha yadi yahA~ kiyA jA sake, to usase isa mAnyatA ko bala milegaa| Ayatana aura caitya-ina dono zabdo kA eka hI artha hai| graMtho meM samavazaraNa kI jo racanA varNita hai, vaha itanI jaTila hai ki usake pratIka ke rUpa meM maMdira ko jo AkAra milA, usameM yadyapi una gratho ke aneka vidhAnoM kA pAlana kiyA gayA aura usakA vistAra bhI yathAsaMbhava vizAla rakhA gayA; tathApi usa devagRha kA nAma samavazaraNa nahIM balki 'Ayatana' yA 'caitya' ke rUpa meM pracalita huaa| jaina maMdiroM tathA anya maMdiroM meM samAnatA - isa saMdarbha meM vahIM se eka anuccheda aura bhI udadhRta kiyA jA rahA hai: "isa mAnyatA ke AdhAra para udbhUta jaina maMdira kA vikAsa apanI samakAlIna paramparAoM ke madiroM ke sAtha hI eka pravAha meM kabhI tIvra aura kamI maMda gati se hotA rhaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki anya paramparAoM ke maMdiroM ke madhya eka jaina madira kI pahacAna ke lie sUkSma parIkSA kI AvazyakatA hotI hai, yA phira usake lie kisI abhilekha yA sAhitya kA spaSTa ullekha, yA paraparAgata pramANa, yA kisI mUrti kA honA Avazyaka hai|" jaina mUrti-kalA kA vikAsa bhI samakAlIna paraMparAoM ke sAtha huA, (jana vAstu-vidhA

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kitu eka hI pravAha meM nahIM; jabaki jaina maMdira usI pravAha meM vikasita huA isakA pariNAma yaha bhI huA ki jaina sthApatya ke siddhAMta kA pratipAdana karane ko pRthak rUpa meM likhe gae graMtho kI saMkhyA atyata kama hai| maMdira ke aMga aura vibhAga madira kA garta-vivara yA nIva kA gaDDhA itanA gaharA ho ki vahA~ yA to bhUgarbha se jala nikalane lage yA zilAtala nikala aae| garta-vivara ke madhya dhArmika anuSThAno ke sAtha koNa-zilA sthApita kI jaae| jisa dizA me khAta huA ho, vahIM nIMva me zilAnyAsa-vidhi kI jAtI hai| jyotiSa ke anusAra jisa dizA me sUrya ho, usa koNa meM pacaparameSThI kI pUjana karake nIce eka phuTa laMbI-cauDI zilA sthApitakara, usa para svastika va prazastisahita vinAyaka-yaMtra sthApita kreN| prazasti meM madira-nirmAtA kA nAma, tithi, saMvat Adi utkIrNa hote haiN| pazcAt vahA~ choTA tAmrakalaza sthApita kareM, jisameM dIpaka prajvalita kre| usa para eka dUsarI 1 phuTax1 phuTa kI zilA rakha deveN| AsapAsa kI iToM se use sImeMTa dvArA samatala kiyA jaaye| isa dhArmika maMdira bhUmi ke bAhara (Age) zilApaTTa para maMdira-sambandhI prazasti utkIrNa kI jAkara kisI vyakti-vizeSa ke dvArA usakA anAvaraNa karAyA jAye-yahI zilAnyAsa-vidhi hai| ise viziSTa muhatoM me hI kiyA jAnA caahie| sUrya kI rAzi se 'khAta' evaM zilAnyAsa ke muhurta kI dizA kA jJAna koNa , | agni vAyavya | naiRtya gRhArambha siha, kanyA, | vRzcika, dhanu, | kumbha, mIna, vRSa, mithuna, tulA makara karka devAlaya | mIna, meSa, 1 mithuna, karka, kanyA, tulA, dhanu, makara, vRzcika siMha vRSa kumbha jalAzaya | makara, kumbha, / meSa, vRzcika, karka, siMha, tulA, vRzcika, mithuna mIna kanyA dhanu (jana vAstu-vidhA

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isake pazcAt vaha gaDDhA ko saghanatA se bhara diyA jAe aura usake tala ko kUTakara Thosa banA diyA jaae| isa vidhi se nirmita bhUtala para adhiSThAna arthAt pITha yA caukI kA nirmANa kiyA jaae| 'adhiSThAna' paristhitiyoM ke anusAra samatala bhI banAyA jA sakatA hai aura usa para eka se pA~ca taka stara bhI banAe jA sakate haiM, jinheM 'thara' yA prastara-gala' kahate haiN| koNa yA karNa, pratiratha, ratha, bhadra aura mukhabhadra adhiSThAna ke vibhinna 'ghaTaka' yA 'goTA' haiM; parantu ve mukhya bhavana ke hI aMga mAne gae haiN| kiMtu naMdI, pallava, tilaka aura tavaMga 'pITha' ke ghaTaka hone para bhI ve maMdira ke alaMkAra-tattvoM meM parigaNita haiN| ____ maMDovara' ke teraha aMga hote haiN| maMDovara zabda pazcima bhArata meM pracalita hai aura saMskRta maMDapavara' yA 'maMDapadhara' zabda kA sthAnIya yA apabhraMzarUpa pratIta hotA hai| maMDovara vAstava meM mitti yA bAharI dIvAla hai, jisa para prAsAda ke eka yA aneka maMDapoM kI chata AdhArita hotI hai| sUtradhAra maMDana ne maDovara ke cAra bheda batAe hai: nAgara, meru, sAmAnya aura prkaaraaNtr| 'zikhara' eka vRttAkAra chata hai, jo bhavana para ulTe pyAle kI bhA~ti U~cI hotI jAtI hai| usake cAra aga hote haiM: zikhara, zikhA, zikhAMta aura shikhaamaarg| zikhara ke UparI agoM kA vibhAjana eka anya prakAra se bhI kiyA jAtA hai. chAdya, zikhara, AmalasAra yA Amalaka aura kalaza / 'Amalaka ke aMga haiM: gala, aMDaka, caMdrikA aura aamlsaarikaa| kalaza sAdhAraNataH zikhara kA sabase Upara kA bhAga kahalAtA hai:49 usake aMga haiM: gala. karNikA aura bIjapUraka / zukanAsA yA zukanAsikA zikhara kA vaha agalA bhAga hai, jisakA AkAra tote kI coca kI bhA~ti hotA hai| zikhara ke UparI bhAga para daMDasahita dhvaja sthApita kiyA jAe "dhvajAhInaM na kArayet"7 maMdira ke dvAra kI caur3AI U~cAI se AdhI honI caahiye| dvAra kI caukhaTa para yathAsthAna tIrthakaroM, pratIhAra-yugala, madanikA (suMdarI) Adi kI AkRtiyA~ utkIrNa kI jaaeN| jIrNoddhAra ke samaya maMdira kA mukhyadvAra sthAnAMtarita na kiyA jAe aura na hI usameM koI maulika parivartana kiyA jaae| 'jagatI adhiSThAna kA eka ghaTaka hai| eka anya paribhASA ke anusAra jaina vAstu-vidhA

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jitanI bhUmi para maMdira kA bhavana nirmita hotA hai, utanI bhUmi 'jagatI' hai| 'jagatI' ko AdhAra mAnakara hI prAsAda yA maMdira ke mukhyabhAga aura usake aMgo kI AnumAnika sthiti nirdhArita hotI hai| pITha ke bhUtala ke rUpa meM dikhAI par3anevAlI jagatI para cAroM ora dvAroM yA gopuroM sahita prAcIra kA nirmANa kiyA jaae| maMdira kA pramukha aMga 'maMDapa' 'maMDapa' ke kaI bheda haiM: 'prasAda-kamala maMDapa', jise 'garbhagRha' yA maMdira kA mukhyabhAga bhI kahate haiM; 'gUDha-maMDapa' arthAt mittiyoM se ghirA huA maMDapa; 'trika-maNDapa', jisameM staMbho kI tIna-tIna paMktiyoM dvArA tIna Ar3I aura tIna khar3I vIthiyA~ banatI hai: 'raMga-maNDapa' jo eka prakAra kA sabhAgArahotA hai; aura 'toraNa- sahita balAnaka' arthAt meharAbadAra cbuutre| maMDapa kI caur3AI garbhagRha kI caur3AI se Der3hagunI yA paune dogunI ho| staMbhoM kI U~cAI maMDapa ke vyAsa kI AdhI ho, kiMtu adhika vyAvahArika yaha hogA ki stabha kI U~cAI sAmAnyataH usakI pITha kI U~cAI se caugunI ho; caukI usakI pITha se dogunI yA tigunI ho aura UparI bhAga pITha ke barAbara yA usase dogunA ho / maMDapa kA eka zabda-citra yahA~ prastuta hai, jo paMDita AzAdhara jI ne 'pUjA-pATha ' meM vAstu-1 1-vidhAna ke aMtargata khIMcA hai| 58 vAdyavRMda ke laharAte sagIta ke bIca paramabrahma jinadeva ko puSpAMjali arpita kI jAe, jo vAstumaDapa meM virAjamAna haiN| vaha vAstu-maMDapa kaisA hai? pAnI, miTTI, patthara aura bAlU taka khudAI kara bhUmi se dUSita padArtha dUra karake use sApha bAlU aura IMTo se Thosa banAyA gayA, usa para banAI gaI caukI (pliMtha) para cikanI miTTI kA lepa (plAsTara ) kiyA gayA, usa para vaha vAstu-maMDapa banA hai| vaha sone ke aise staMbhoM para AdhArita hotI hai, jina para pA~coM prakAra ke ratno (nIlama, vajraka yA lAjavarda, pannAratna, motI, mU~gA ) se jar3e hue pA~ca taraha ke alaMkAra khude haiM, se vaha susajjita hai tathA vaha badanavAra aura jhaMDiyA~ niraMtara calate zItala-maMda sugaMdhita havA ke jhoMkoM se haule-haule hilatI rahatI haiN| sone ke zikhara para jar3e maNiyo kI kiraNoM se AkAza ko raMgIna karate hue vimAna se vaha vAstu-maMDapa zobhAyamAna hai / usakI cAroM dizAoM meM jo gopura-dvAra haiM, unakI donoM ora bhUmi para jaina vAstu-vidyA 66

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maNi-maya maMgala-kalaza sthApita haiN| taraha-taraha ke svaccha vastroM se banI cA~danI se laTakatI motiyoM kI mAlAoM se vaha alakRta hai| vaha, mAnoM, eka vaibhava-pUrNa janavAsA (bArAtaghara) hai, jisameM mukti-rUpI vadhU svayaMvara dvArA vivAha racAne AI hai| usa vAstu-maMDapa meM jo vizAla-se-vizAla caityaAyatana (mUrtiyoM ke lie alaga-alaga prakoSTha) haiM, uname acche-se-acche aura adhika-se-adhika saba prakAra ke dravya taiyAra rakhe haiN| usakA AkarSaNa bar3ha rahA hai una bar3e-bar3e utsavoM se, jo jina-deva ke kalyANakoM ke upalakSya meM Ayojita haiN| jaina maMdiroM kA nAmakaraNa maMDapa ke bhedo aura maMdira ke prakAroM (agralikhita) ke jo nAma haiM, ve bhI kaI dRSTiyoM se zodha-khoja ke viSaya haiN| yaha bahuta hI ullekhanIya hai ki inameM se kaI nAma itihAsa, purANa, koSa, zakuna-zAstra, ratna-zAstra Adi ke pramukha zabda haiN| kucha madiroM ke nAma unake nirmAtAoM ke nAma se bhI cala par3e haiN| kucha maMdira AkAra-prakAra Adi kI dRSTi se yathAnAma-tathAguNa haiN| AlaMkArika nAma kama haiN| jabaki adhikAMza maMdiroM ke nAma unake mUlanAyaka ke nAma se calate haiN| deva-deviyoM ke nAma se jainamaMdiroM ke nAma bahuta kama haiM aura jo haiM, uname bhI mUlanAyaka tIrthakara-mUrti hI hotI hai| maMdira (jina-prasAda) ke prakAra __ jainamandira racanA kI dRSTi se kaI prakAra ke hote haiN| prakAroM kI sakhyA bhI alaga-alaga likhI milatI hai| 'vatyu-sAra-payaraNa' meM likhA hai: zrI-vijaya, mahApadma, naMdyAvarta, lakSmI-tilaka, nara-veda, kamala-haMsa aura kuMjara-ye sAta prAsAda jina bhagavAna ke lie uttama haiN| vizvakarmA ne jinamadira ke prakAro ke asakhya bheda kahe, uname se paccIsa atizreSTha mAne gaye hai: kezarI, sarvatobhadra, sunadana, naMdizAla, naMdIza, maMdira, zrIvatsa, amRtodbhava, hemavaMta, himakUTa, kailAza, pRthvIjaya, iMdranIla, mahAnIla, bhUdhara, ratnakUTa, vaiDUrya, padmarAga, vajAMka, mukuTojjvala, airAvata, rAjahaMsa, garuDa, vRSabha aura meru| -iname se prathama 'kezarI' ke zikhara ke sAtha cAroM ora eka-eka choTA zikhara hotA hai, jise 'aDaka' yA 'aMga-zikhara' kahate haiN| dUsare 'sarvatobhrada' ke zikhara ke sAtha ATha, tIsare ke bAraha, isa taraha pratyeka ke sAtha cAra 'aMDaka bar3hate-bar3hate paccIsaveM meru' nAmaka prakAra ke (jama vAstu-vidyA

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mandira-zikhara ke sAtha eka sau aDaka yA aga-zikhara hoNge| uparyukta sAta aura ye paccIsa, -inake atirikta causaTha yA aura bhI adhika prakAra ke maMdira kabhI-kahIM banAye gaye yA nahIM-yaha zodha-khoja kA viSaya hai| jainamaMdira kA eka zAstrIyarUpa __manuSyoM aura devoM ke AvAsa-gRhoM kI bhA~ti jinAlayoM arthAt jainamaMdiroM ke varNana bhI loka-vidyA ke graMthoM aura sAhitya meM vistAra se milate haiN| ina varNano se jJAta hotA hai ki jainamaMdira vAstava meM kisa AkAra-prakAra kA honA cAhie / tiloya-paNNattI' kA eka varNana saMkSepa meM prastuta hai-"bhavanavAsI devoM ke bhavanoM kA AkAra sama-catuSkoNa hai| bhavana kI cAroM dizAoM meM eka-eka vedikA hai" jisake bAhya bhAga meM azoka, saptacchada, caMpaka aura Ama ke upavana haiN| ina upavanoM meM caityavakSa haiN| pratyeka caityavRkSa kI cAroM dizAoM me toraNa, aSTamaMgala aura mAnastambha ke sAtha jina-pratimAe~ virAjamAna haiN| vedikAoM ke madhya me mahAkUTa (vizAla TIle) aura una para eka-eka jinAlaya hai| jinAlaya tIna prAkAroM (koToM) ke madhya sthita hai| pratyeka prAkAra kI cAroM dizAoM meM eka-eka gopura (vizAla praveza-dvAra) hai, ina prAkAro ke bIca kI vIthiyoM (mArgoM) meM eka-eka mAna-stabha, nau-nau stUpa, vana, dhvajAe~ aura caitya hote haiN| jinAlayoM kI cAroM ora ke upavano me tIna-tIna mekhalAoM se yukta vApikAe~ (kaTAvadAra bAvar3iyA~) haiN| jinAlaya mahAdhvajAoM aura kSudradhvajAo se alaMkRta haiN| mahAdhvajAoM meM mAlA, siMha, gaja, vRSama, garuDa, mayUra, ambara (AkAza) haMsa, kamala aura cakra kI AkRtiyA~ 2 citrita haiN| jinAlayoM me5 vaMdana, abhiSeka, nRtya, sagIta, aura prakAza ke lie to alaga-alaga maMDapa hote hI haiM; krIDA-gRha, guNana-gRha (svAdhyAya-zAlA) aura paTTazAlAe~ (citra-zAlAe~) bhI hotI haiN| jinAlayoM meM jinendra kI mUrtiyoM ke atirikta devacchanda (deva-kulikA, yA dIvAla me banA huA AlA) me aSTa. maMgala (jhArI, kalaza, darpaNa, dhvaja, cAmara, chatra, vyajana, supratiSTha arthAt pustaka rakhane kI rihala) bhI virAjamAna hote haiN| jinendra-pratimAoM kI donoM ora cAmaradhArI nAgoM aura yakSoM ke yugala khar3e hote haiN| jana vAstu-vidhA -

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ye jinAlaya kama-se-kama sAta bhUmiyoM ke hote haiM; jinameM janma, abhiSeka, zayana, paricaryA aura maMtraNA ke lie alaga-alaga zAlAe~ haiN| unameM sAmAnyagRha, garbhagRha, kadalIgRha, citragRha, AsanagRha, nAdagRha aura latAgRha kI vizeSa vyavasthA hai| vahA~ jo toraNa, prAkAra, puSkariNI (kamala-sarovara), vApikAe~, kUpa, mattavAraNa (chajje), gavAkSa (jharokhe) Adi haiM; ve suMdara mUrtiyoM se sajjita haiN| (jaina vAstu-vidyA 69

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maMdiroM ke vividha rUpa caubIsI-maMdira caturviMzati jinAlaya ko hidI me 'caubIsI maMdira' kahate haiN| zilpakalA meM jo caturviMzati-paTTa (eka hI zilA para caubIso tIrthaMkaro kI mUrtiyA~) kA pracalana rahA hai, usI se isaprakAra ke mandira ke nirmANa kI preraNA saMbhavataH milI hogii| eka hI maMdira me eka garmAlaya (kakSa) meM eka yA alaga-alaga dediyo para eka-eka tIrthaMkara kI mUrti sthApita karane se usa maMdira ko caubIsI madira' kahane lagate haiN| aisA maMdira vizAla ho, to usameM pratyeka tIrthakara-mUrti ke lie eka pRthak deva-kulikA (vedI ke barAbara choTA kakSa) ho sakatI hai, yA phira eka pRthaka kakSa ho sakatA hai| deva-kulikAoM yA kakSo kI saMkhyA caubIsa kI jagaha vAstava me paccIsa hotI hai, ATha-ATha cAro dizAo me aura eka madhya me / madhya me koI eka tIrthakara-mUrti mUlanAyaka ke rUpa meM sthApita kI jAtI hai| usa mUrti kI apane krama kI jo deva-kulikA yA kakSa khAlI ho jAtA hai, usame sarasvatI kI mUrti arthAt jinavANI sthApita kI jAtI hai| ullekhanIya hai ki tIrthaMkara-mUrti kI jagaha yadi kisI ko denI hI ho, to jinavANI ko dI jA sakatI hai, kisI anya deva yA devI kI mUrti ko nahIM; kyoMki sarasvatI tIrthakara ke upadeza, arthAt jinavANI, pratIka mAnI gaI hai| gRha-maMdira AvAsa-gRha meM bhI dharmasthAna yA maMdira ke nirmANa kA vidhAna vAstuvidyA meM kiyA gayA hai| yaha AvAsa-gaha me pUrva dizA meM aise sthAna para banAyA jAe, jo gRha meM praveza karate samaya bAe~ hAtha para par3e aura jo anya sthAnoM se nIcA nahIM ho| isa para Adhipatya gRhasvAmI kA rahe aura isakI vyavasthA bhI vahI kare; tathApi yaha sabake lie khulA rakhA jaae| isake atirikta sarvopari yaha dhyAna rakhA jAe ki gRha-maMdira ke nirmANa meM bhI kevala nyAyopArjita dhana kA upayoga ho| (jana vAstu-vidhA

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gRha-maMdiroM kA sthApatya anya maMdiroM kI hI bhA~ti ho| gRha-maMdira meM tIrthakara kI mUrti adhika-se-adhika gyAraha aMgula U~cI sthApita kI jaae| do, cAra, chaha, ATha aura dasa aMgula kI mUrtiyA~ gRha maMdira meM nahIM sthApita kI jAe~; anyathA azubhaphala kI saMbhAvanA rhegii| bArahaveM tIrthakara vAsupUjya, unnIsaveM tIrthakara mallinAtha, bAisaveM tIrthakara neminAtha aura caubIsaveM tIrthakara mahAvIrasvAmI kI mUrtiyA~ gRhamandira meM sthApita karane kA niSedha hai kyoMki ye tIrthakara vizeSataH vairAgya-vardhaka mAne gaye haiN|60 nidhIdhikA : nisaI yA nasiyA niSIdhikA', 'niSadhikA' aura 'niSadyA' zabdo kA eka hI artha hai: nisahI yA nisaI yA nasiyA / yaha vAstava meM kisI caritradhArI mahApuruSa kA zilA yA staMbha yA maDapa ke rUpa meM smAraka hotA hai, jisase use mandira kI bhaoNti mahattva diyA jAtA hai| Azcarya nahIM, yadi prAcIna jaina stUpa vizAla niSIdhikAe~ hI rahe hoN| jaina sAhitya me smAraka, samAdhi, makabarA Adi zabdoM kA calana nahIM huA; kyoki jaina AcAra-vicAra me smAraka-pUjana yA gora-parastI kA vidhAna nahIM hai isIlie jaina samAja meM niSIdhikA' ke rUpa me eka alaga zabda pracalita huaa| prAkRtabhASA me "NisIdhiyA aura NisIhiyA' zabdoM kA prayoga karate hue AcArya zivakoTi (dUsarA nAma zivArya) ne lagabhaga do hajAra varSa pUrva 'mUlArAdhanA' (dUsarA nAma 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA) meM (gAthA 1967 se 1973) aura usake chaha-sAta TIkAkAroM ne, niSidhikA ke vibhinna pakSoM para vistAra se likhA hai| AcArya vaTTakera Adi ne bhI likhA hai| caritradhArI mahApuruSa arthAt sAdhu ke atirikta kisI bhI vyakti kA smAraka caraNa-cihna yA kisI anya rUpa me banAne kA vidhAna jaina-vAstuvidyA yA zilpa-zAstra meM nahIM hai| sAdhu kA smAraka bhI caraNa-cihna ke rUpa meM banAyA jAe, na ki mUrti yA mandira ke rUpa meN| pASANa para utkIrNa caraNa-cihna niSIdhikA ke AdimarUpa mAne jA sakate hai; jina para kAlAntara me maMDapa, gumaTI, Toka Adi banAe jAne lge| pAsa meM mandira Adi ke nirmANa se niSIdhikAoM kA mahattva bddhaa| atizaya, camatkAra, maMtra-taMtra Adi ke jur3a jAne se nipIdhikAo ne lokapriya sthAnoM kA rUpa le liyaa| (jana vAstu-vidhA 71

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pratIkAtmaka maMdira jainamadira samavasaraNa ke pratIka hai; paraMtu kucha jainamadira naMdIzvaradvIpa, sahasrakUTa Adi ke bhI pratIka mAne jA sakate hai| jainamadiro ke jo causaTha prakAra 'prAsAda-maDana' Adi meM batAe gae hai, unakA sUkSma adhyayana karane para kucha aura pratIkAtmaka madiro kA jJAna ho sakatA hai| isIprakAra ke maMdiro me nadIzvaradvIpa madira ke atirikta anya kisI madira kA spaSTa lakSaNoM aura vizeSatAo ke sAtha nirmANa yA mUrti-zilpa me aMkana bahuta hI kama huA hai| vizvakarmA ne 'dIpArNava' ke bIsave adhyAya meM pUrvokta bAvana jinaprAsAdo kA varNana kiyA hai, ve vAstava me nadIzvaradvIpa kA pratinidhitva karate haiM; yadyapi unakA alaga-alaga svarUpa batAyA gayA hai| jaina bhUgola me madhyaloka ke AThave dvIpa kA nAma 'nandIzvara' hai / sthApatya me nandIzvaradvIpa ke anusaraNa para maMdira banAne kI paraparA rahI hai| zilApaTTo para bhI inakA akana hotA rahA hai| isa dvIpa me pratyeka dizA me teraha-teraha akRtrima maMdira, kula bAvana maMdira hote haiN| ASTAnika yA aThAI parva ke rUpa me varSa me tIna bAra ina bAvana madiro me sthita jina mUrtiyo kI pUjA kA pracalana hai 52 sahasrakUTa sahasrakUTa bhI jainamadiro kA eka prakAra hai, jisame eka hajAra kUTa (zikharayukta maMdira) honA caahie| isaprakAra kA maMdira uttara pradeza ke prasiddha tIrtha devagaDha (jilA- lalitapura) meM vidyamAna hai| yadyapi usame zikharayukta madiro kA alaga nirmANa nahIM hai, balki jo maMdira hai, usI kI bAhya bhitti para eka hajAra laghu madira utkIrNa kara die gae hai| balAtkAragaNa digambara jaina mandira, kArajA (mahArASTra) me sahasrakUTa- caityAlaya kI eka sundara kAsyamUrti hai| madhyapradeza ke rAyapura me mahata ghAsIdAsa smAraka saMgrahAlaya me bhI eka khaDita zilpa-racanA hai, jise 'sahasrakUTa' kaha sakate hai| kalyANa bhavana, tukogaja, idaura ke zAtinAtha di0 jaina maMdira meM bhI sahasrakUTa- caityAlaya hai / stUpa : jaina sthApatya kI anUThI dena prAcIna bhAratIya sthApatya me stUpo ke nirmANa kI paramparA thii| yaha (jaina vAstu-vidyA 72

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paramparA kadAcit mathurA se pracalita huI, jahA~ eka atyata prAcIna stUpa ke avazeSa mile haiN| uname eka prAcIna zilAlekha bhI milA hai, jisame kahA gayA hai ki "vaha stUpa devo ke dvArA nirmita kiyA gayA thA"; - isakA artha yaha hai ki usa samaya vaha stupa itanA prAcIna ho cukA thA ki loga usake nirmAtA kA nAma bhUla cuke the aura use devoM kI racanA mAnane lage the| isa dRSTi se kahanA hogA ki usa stUpa kA nirmANa tIrthakara mahAvIra se bhI pUrva, tIrthakara pArzvanAtha ke samaya meM huA hogaa| pramukha vAstuvidyAvettAoM ne use bhAratIya sthApatya kI prAcInatama racanA mAnA hai| bhArata me jo prAcIna, balki prAgaitihAsika kAla ke nirmANoM ke avazeSa mile hai, uname mathurA ke kaMkAlI TIlA se prApta purAtAttvika mahattva kI sAmagrI anyatama hai jisakA tAtparya hai ki bhArata ke dhArmika vAstu-nirmANa meM bhI jaina samAja agraNI rahA, mUrti-nirmANa me to vaha agraNI rahA hI hai| paTanA ke samIpa lohAnIpura me tIrthakaroM kI pASANa-mUrtiyoM banAyI gayIM, jinakA samaya IsA se lagabhaga cAra sau varSa pUrva maurya-kAla ke Arabha meM oNkA gayA hai| AyAga-paToM para utkIrNa stUpa vAstu-vidyA me stUpoM ke nirmANa kA yA unake AkAra-prakAra kA ullekha nahIM hai, parantu sAhitya me isake kaI ullekha haiN| tathA mathurA se hI prApta do AyAga-paToM para sAhitya se bhI adhika spaSTa citraNa huA hai| lagabhaga do phuTa labI aura utanI hI caur3I pASANa kI nakkAzIdAra zilAe~ 'AyAgapaTa' kahalAtI haiM, jinakA upayoga do-DhAI haz2Ara varSa pahale mathurA meM bahuta hotA thaa| ___ mathurA meM khudAI (ekskevezana) meM mile ukta stUpa ke khaDahara se jJAta hotA hai ki usakA talabhAga golAkAra thA, jisakA vyAsa 47 phuTa thaa| usame keMdra se paridhi kI ora bar3hate hue vyAsArdha vAlI 8 dIvAleM ITo se cunI gaI thiiN| ITeM choTI-bar3I haiN| stUpa ke bAhya bhAga para jina-pratimAe~ thiiN| pUrA stUpa kaisA thA? -isakA kucha anumAna usakI khudAI se prApta sAmagrI se lagatA hai| aneka prakAra ke mUya'kanoM se yukta jo pASANa-staMbha mile haiM, unase pratIta hotA hai ki stUpa ke AsapAsa pradakSiNA-patha aura toraNadvAra rahe hoNge| ukta AyAga-paToM para aMkita stUpa bhI yahI AbhAsa dete haiM, jo (jana vAstu-vidyA)

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usIprakAra kI paTTikAoM se ghire dikhAe gae hai aura jinake toraNadvAra para pahu~cane ke lie sAta-ATha sIr3hiyA~ utkIrNa kI gaI hai| rAjakIya saMgrahAlaya, mathurA meM surakSita AyAga-paTa (kyU 2) meM toraNa do khar3e stabho se banA hai, jinake Upara thor3e-thoDe aMtara se eka para eka tIna Ar3I kar3iyA~ haiN| inameM nicalI kar3I ke donoM chora makarAkRti siMho para AdhArita hai| stUpa ke dAe~-bAe~ do suMdara stabha haiM, jina para kramazaH dharmacakra aura baiThe hue siho kI AkRtiyA~ banI hai| Upara kI ora uDatI huI do AkRtiyoM sabhavataH cAraNa muniyo kI haiN| ve nagna haiM, kiMtu unake bAe~ hAtha me pIchI jaisI vastu eva kamaMDala dikhAI dete haiN| unakA dAhinA hAtha mastaka para namaskAra-mudrA meM hai| eka aura AkRti yugala-garuDa pakSiyo kI hai, jinake puccha va nakha spaSTa dikhAI dete haiN| dAI ora garuDa eka puSpaguccha va bAMyI ora kA puSpamAlA lie haiN| stUpa ke gumbaja kI donoM ora hAva-bhAva ke sAtha jhukI huI nArI-AkRtiyA~ haiN| ghere ke nIce sIr3hiyo kI donoM ora eka-eka devakulikA hai| dAI ora kI devakulikA me eka bAlaka sahita puruSAkRti aura dUsarI ora strI-AkRti dikhAI detI hai| stUpa kI gummaTa para chaha paktiyo me prAkRtabhASA me lekha hai, jisame arihata varddhamAna ko namaskAra ke pazcAt kahA gayA hai ki 'zramaNa-zrAvikA AryA lavaNazobhikA kI putrI vAsu ne jinamandira meM arihata kI pUjA ke lie apanI mAtA, bhaginI tathA duhitAputra (nAtI) ke sAtha nigraMtho ke arihaMta Ayatana me arihaMta kA devakula (devAlaya), AyAga-sabhA, prapA (pyAU) tathA zilApaTa (prastuta AyAgapaTa) pratiSThita kraae| yaha zilApaTa 2 phuTa 1 ica x paune do phuTa hai| yaha akSaro kI AkRti aura mUlyAMkana kI dRSTi se prathama-dvitIya zatI I0, arthAt kuSANa-kAla' kA honA caahie| rAjakIya saMgrahAlaya, lakhanaU meM surakSita dUsare AyAgapaTa (je 255) kA UparI bhAga TUTa gayA hai; tathApi toraNa, gherA, sopAnapatha (vIr3hiyA~) evaM stUpa kI donoM ora nArI-mUrtiyA~ isameM pUrvokta zilApaTa se bhI adhika spaSTa haiN| isa para bhI lekha hai, jisameM arihaMtoM ko namaskAra ke pazcAta kahA gayA hai ki phaguyaza nAmaka vyakti kI bhAryA zivayazA ne arihaMta-pUjA ke lie yaha AyAgapaTa bnvaayaa| lagabhaga 200 I.pU. kA yaha AyAgapaTa siddha karatA hai ki stUpoM kA pracAra jaina-paramparA meM usase bahuta pahale se thaa|

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koI jaina stUpa surakSita avasthA meM nahIM mile, usake aneka kAraNa haiM eka to yaha ki stUpa prAyaH kisI mahApuruSa ke avazeSoM para banAe jAte the: jaina samAja meM avazeSoM ko surakSita rakhane kA calana nahIM hone se stUpoM kA bhI calana Age nahIM bar3ha skaa| dUsare guphA caityoM aura maMdiroM ke adhika pracAra ke kAraNa stUpoM kA nayA nirmANa ruka gayA, aura prAcIna stUpoM kI surakSA kI ora vizeSa dhyAna nahIM diyA gyaa| tIsare mandira-vAstu meM vistAra, vibhinna maDapa, sAja-sajjA Adi kA asImita avakAza hotA hai; jo stUpa meM nahIM hotA hai; isalie dhIra-dhIre stUpa kA calana baMda ho gayA / cauthe uparyukta stUpa ke AkAra-prakAra se spaSTa hai ki bauddha aura jaina stUpa ke AkAra-prakAra meM ekarUpatA ke kAraNa kaI jainastUpa bauddhastUpa mAna lie ge| (jaina vAstu-vidyA 75

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nagara-vinyAsa nagara-vinyAsa aura usake kucha udAharaNa grAma, pura, nagara Adi basAe jAne ke unake bhavano, mArgo, bAz2AroM Adi ke aura jana-jIvana ke vivaraNa jaina-sAhitya meM itanI adhika saMkhyA meM haiM ki unase nagara-vinyAsa kI eka spaSTa rUparekhA bana sakatI hai| una vivaraNoM me jo sthApatya aura mUrti-kalA se sabaddha pAribhASika zabdoM kA prayoga huA hai, vaha bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai; kyoki usase deza ke vibhinna bhAgoM meM likhe gaye sthApatya aura mUrti-kalA ke grathoM ke kramika vikAsa aura unake vyAvahArika prayoga ke tulanAtmaka adhyayana me sahAyatA milatI hai| -isa ullekhanIya tathya se eka niSkarSa yaha bhI nikalatA hai ki prAcIna jaina graMthakAra vidhi-niSedho kI tAlikAe~ banA dene mAtra kI apekSA dainadina ke jIvana ko adhika mahattva dete the| grAmoM aura nagaroM ke bheda __ AcArya jinasena ne 'AdipurANa' ke solahaveM parva me laghutama gA~va se lekara vRhattama nagara taka kI bastiyo ke varga banAye aura unakI paribhASAe~ (zlo. 164-76) dI hai| sarovara ke kinAre bagIce meM zadroM aura kisAno kI bAr3a se ghirI bastI 'grAma' hai| grAma meM sau parivAra bhI ho sakate haiM aura pA~ca sau samRddha kisAna-parivAra bhii| nadI, pahAr3a, guphA, vRkSa Adi se grAmo kI sImA nirdhArita hotI hai| parikhA, gopura, aTArI, koTa, prAkAra, bhavana, udyAna, jalAzaya Adi ke sAtha U~cAI para basA sthAna para hai| jisameM jala kA pravAha pUrva se uttara kI ora ho (pUrvottara-plAvAmbhaska) aura pradhAnapuruSa rahA karate hoN| nadI aura parvata ke bIca kI bastI kheTa', parvato ke bIca kI bastI "kharvaTa', pA~ca sau grAmoM se ghirI bastI maDaMba', nAvo se paha~cane yogya samudrataTIya bastI pattana', nadI-taTa kI bastI 'droNa-mukha', jisameM paidA hue dhAnya ke puruSa-pramANa ke Dhera laga jAte ho-aisI bastI 'savAha', dasa grAmoM ke (jana vAstu-vidhA 76

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madhya kI bastI saMgraha, ahIroM kI basatI 'ghoSa', tathA jisame sone-cA~dI Adi kI khAneM hoM-aisI bastI 'Akara kahI jAtI hai| vaizAlI nagarI kA varNana vaizAlI nagarI kA nAma sarvaprathama tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kAlIna eka mudrA meM prApta hotA hai jo ki bhUgarbha se utkhanana meM prApta huI / bauddhagraMthoM meM bhI vaizAlI nagarI ke bAre meM mahattvapUrNa varNana prApta hote haiN| zrI nemicandra sUri viracita 'mahAvIra cariyaM' nAmaka graMtha meM kahA gayA hai ki vaizAlI nAmaka nagara isa bhUtala para usI taraha se sarvazreSTha thA, jaise ki kisI ramaNI ke mastaka para tilaka suzobhita hotA hai| vaizAlI nagara ke bAre meM kahA gayA hai ki "vizAlA vasudhA yatra tatra vaishaaliipurm"| yaha vaizAlI nagarI licchaviyoM kI rAjadhAnI thI, jo ki bhAratavarSa meM gaNataMtra paraMparA ke janaka mAne jAte haiN| bauddhagraMtha 'mahAvastu' meM vaizAlI nagarI ko licchaviyoM kA gaNataMtra mAnA gayA hai| yaha kSetra bihAra prAMta meM gaMgA ke uttara taTavartI pradeza meM sthita thA / AcArya guNabhadra uttarapurANa' (75/3) meM vaizAlI nagarI kA varNana karate huye likhate haiM ki "vaizAlI nagara aneka nadiyoM se ghirA huA thA eva atyata samRddha nagara thA / " mokSaprAbhRta ke TIkAkAra AcArya zrutasAgara sUri vaizAlI kA varNana karate hue likhate haiM ki "nadiyoM ke deza meM sthita vaizAlI nAmaka pattana meM ceTaka mahArAja rAjya karate the|" ina sabase vaizAlI nagarI kI bhUmi kI udAttatA kA bodha hotA hai| isa vaizAlI nagarI meM kula byAlIsa hajAra makAna the tathA pratyeka makAna me udyAna evaM tAlAba bane hue the / ina makAnoM me kula eka lAkha ar3asaTha hajAra aMtaraMga evaM bahiraMga nAgarika nivAsa karate the jo ki apane-apane stara ke anurUpa bhavanoM meM rahate the| vaizAlI nagara meM uccastara ke logoM ke lie sAta hajAra svarNamaMDita gumbadavAle, madhyamavarga ke logoM ke lie caudaha hajAra rajatamaMDita gumbadavAle tathA sAdhAraNavarga ke logo ke lie ikkIsa hajAra tAmramaMDita gumbadavAle bhavana the / tathApi vahA~ para nIca U~ca kA bheda nahIM thaa| bauddhagraMtha 'lalitavistara' ke anusAra 'vaizAlI nagara kA pratyeka nAgarika apane Apako rAjA ke samAna anubhava karatA thaa| eka anya bauddhagraMtha 'mahAparinivvANasutta' meM mahAtmA buddha ne likhA hai ki "yaha vaizAlI nagarI licchaviyoM ke svarga ke (jaina vAstu-vidyA 77

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samAna pratIta hotI hai tathA isakI licchavI pariSad 'devatAoM kI pariSad' ke samAna AnaMdakArI lagate haiN|" - isase spaSTa hai ki mahAtmA buddha bodhi- prApti ke bAda bhI vaizAlI nagara kI garimA ko dekhakara kitane bhAvavibhora ho gae the| nagara- vinyAsa : eka anuciMtana vaizAlInagarI ke varNana ke samAna hI anya kaI nagariyoM ke varNana jainagrantho meM prApta hote haiN| aise varNanoM meM dvitIya jambUdvIpa' kI pAtAla nagariyoM ke varNana nagara - vinyAsa Adi kI dRSTi se atyanta mahattvapUrNa haiN| 'dvitIya jaMbUdvIpa kA varNana 'tiloyapaNNattI' para AdhArita hai, jisakA lekhana 176 I. se 609 I. ke madhya 'guptakAla me yA usake kucha pUrva huA thaa| yaha bhAratIya itihAsa kA svarNa-yuga thA; tiloyapaNNattI' ke prAyaH sabhI varNana isake pramANa haiN| usameM sthAna-sthAna para ullikhita vibhinna prakAra kI nagara yojanAe~ aura bhavanoM kI vinyAsa- rekhAe~ (le AuTa plAna) saMskRti aura purAtattva kI mahattvapUrNa sAmagrI prastuta karatI haiN| nagariyA~ yojanoM laMbI-caur3I hotI thiiN| jainamaMdira aura upavana unameM avazya hote the| prAkAroM aura gopuroM kI anivAryatA thii| bhavana aura prAkAra na kevala U~ce hote the, unakI nIMva bhI bahuta gaharI (avagAha) khodI jAtI thI / rAjAMgaNa eka vizAla, sarva-suvidhA- sapanna, sudRr3ha aura alaMkRta durga hotA thA; jisakI cAro ora yojanAbaddha bhavanoM kI paMktiyA~ hotI thiiN| nagarI me jyoM-jyoM bAhara se bhItara kI ora bar3hA jAtA, tyoM-tyoM bhavanoM kI U~cAI bhI bar3hatI jAtI thii| bhavanoM kI gaNanA rekhAgaNita ke AdhAra para kI jA sakatI thI / sArvajanika upayoga ke lie sabhAgRha (vizAla hAla ) hote the| unameM se sudharmA sabhA, upapAda sabhA, abhiSeka sabhA, alaMkAra sabhA aura matra sabhA ullekhanIya thIM / bhavanoM kI sAjasajjA ratnoM, svarNa, citrakArI, patAkAoM Adi dvArA hotI thI aura unameM nRtya, saMgIta Adi ke Ayojana hote rahate the| upavano meM azoka, saptaparNa, caMpaka, Ama Adi kI pradhAnatA thI / caityavRkSa ko vizeSa mahattva diyA jAtA thA / 'gupta yuga' ke jo kucha maMdira Aja bhI dhvasAvaziSTa haiM, unheM dekhakara yaha kalpanA nahIM kI jA sakatI ki usa samaya yahA~ bhavana nirmANa kalA itanI vikasita ho cukI thii| paraMtu dUsarI ora kAla kA karAla paripAka (jaina vAstu-vidyA 78

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mausama ke nirdaya thaper3oM aura AtatAyiyoM kI nirmama tor3a-phor3a kA smaraNa Ate hI maMjUra karanA par3atA hai ki tiloyapaNNattI aura tatsadaza graMthoM ke vivaraNa kAg2az2a para hI na rahate hoMge, una para amala bhI kiyA jAtA hogaa| ___ ukta lekha meM Ae vivaraNoM se devoM ke rahana-sahana, taura-tarIkoM, dhArmika mAnyatA, varga-vibhAga Adi para vizada prakAza par3atA hai| yadi ina vivaraNoM kA Adarza tatkAlIna manuSyoM se liyA gayA mAnA jAe; to guptakAlIna saMskRti aura sabhyatA hamAre samakSa aura bhI adhika vistata. spaSTatara evaM sapramANa ho utthegii| vijaya' nAmaka deva tatkAlIna samrAdaH kA to nahIM, para unake eka ausata kSatrapa yA sAmaMta kA pratIka avazya mAnA jA sakatA hai| isa lekha meM Ae vivaraNa striyoM kI dazA para bhI acchA prakArA DAlate haiN| ve vividha kalAoM meM nipuNa hotI thiiN| bahupatnI prathA kA una dinoM joradAra pracalana thA, parantu striyoM aura puruSoM meM sadAcAra para bala diyA jAtA thaa| ina vivaraNoM se tatkAlIna dhArmika mAnyatA kA bhI acchA parijJAna hotA hai| pratyeka nagarI me jainamaMdira avazya huA karatA thaa| jainamadiroM meM samaya-samaya para dharmotsavoM kA Ayojana huA karate the| sudharmA samA' kadAcita dhArmika vyAkhyAno aura svAdhyAya ke upayoga meM AtI thii| isIprakAra 'abhiSeka sabhA me kadAcita tIrthakara kI mUrti ke abhiSeka Adi anuSThAna saMpanna hote the| tiloyapaNNattI' me dvitIya jabUdvIpa Adi kucha aura bhI aise viSaya haiM, jinakA ullekha anyatra nahIM milatA-isa dRSTi se bhI yaha graMtha atyaMta mahattvapUrNa hai| AzA hai, isa tathA aise hI anya graMthoM ko dhArmika adhyayana ke atirikta vAstu-vidyA, itihAsa, bhUgola, khagola, saMskRti, samAja Adi ke adhyayana kA bhI viSaya banAyA jaaegaa| vIra saMgA maMdira pu. kAlaya

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jIrNoddhAra kA vidhAna jIrNoddhAra kI paramparA jIrNoddhAra ( marammata yA ripeyara) kI paramparA bhAratIya kalA aura sthApatya me prAcInakAla se rahI hai| mathurA, saoNcI, sAranAtha, bharahuta, amarAvatI Adi ke stUpoM kA vividharUpo me kiyA gayA vistAra unhe jIrNa hone se bacAne ke lie thaa| ajaMtA ke prathama zatAbdI IsvI meM bane bhitticitro para chaThI aura usake bAda kI zatAbdiyoM me banAe gae mitticitra bhI jIrNoddhAra kI sImA meM lAe jA sakate hai| maMdiro Adi ke jIrNodvAra 64 ke spaSTa ullekha zatAdhika zilAlekho me vidyamAna hai| isake viparIta mUrtiyo ke jIrNodvAra ke udAharaNa na prAcInakAla ke milate haiM aura na madhyakAla ke / mUrtiyo kI sthApanA yA pratiSThA ke sahasro ullekha zilAlekho aura mUrtilekho me hai; kiMtu unake jIrNoddhAra ke to kyA, punaH pratiSThA ke bhI ullekha nagaNya haiN| isIprakAra mUrtizAstro meM bhI mUrtiyoM ke jIrNodvAra ke vidhAna nagaNya hai| jainamaMdiroM kA jIrNodvAra madiroM ke nirmANa ke pazcAt unake rakharakhAva aura surakSA kI ciMtA unake nirmAtAoM ko bahuta rahatI thI; isalie ve una madiro ko paryApta sampatti de dete the, jisakI Aya se unakA rakharakhAva hotA rhe| to bhI unhone una maMdiroM ke bhaviSyakAlIna saMrakSako se bahuta kI mArmika zabdo me anurodha kiyA hai ki "ve unakA sarakSaNa apanI hI racanA samajhakara karate rahe", jisake lie ve (nirmAtA) apane Apako una (tatkAlIna saMrakSako) ke 'dAso kA bhI dAsa' (tasya dAsAnudAsoham ) ghoSita karate haiN| jo usa madira ko kisI prakAra kI kSati pahu~cAe~, unake viruddha atyaMta kaThora aura bhartsanApUrNa zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai ki 've AtatAyI marakara naraka me saDege aura mala ke kIDe bnege|' jainamadiroM ke jIrNoddhAra kA parAmarza kadAcit sarvaprathama paDita (jaina vAstu-vidyA 80

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AzAdhara ne 'pratiSThA - sAroddhAra' ke AraMbha meM hI diyA hai, "jina-caitya-gRhaM jIrNamuddhArya ca vizeSataH / " tIrthaMkara kI pUjA ke jo pA~ca prakAra hai, uname prathama hai nityamaha / jo puNyArthI 'nityamaha' pUjA karanA cAhe, ve jaina madiro kA nirmANa karAe~, paraMtu vizeSatA yaha hogI ki ve purAne maMdira kA uddhAra karAe~ / jIrNoddhAra ke samaya dhyAna rahe ki mukhyadvAra jarA bhI idhara-udhara parivartita nA kiyA jAya, vaha jisa dizA meM, jisa sthAna para, jisa nApa kA ho; usI dizA meM sthAna para aura nApa kA rakhA jaae| Azcarya hai ki madiroM ke jIrNoddhAra ke jo ullekha yA udAharaNa zilAlekho Adi me milate hai, uname adhikAza jaina hai| Aja bhI prAcIna yA khaMDahara pUjAsthala ke jIrNoddhAra kI prathA sarvAdhika jaino meM dikhatI hai| isa saMdarbha me prasiddha vidvAn jemsa phargusana kA niSkarSa ullekhanIya hai, jo unhone hisTrI oNpha iMDiyana eDa IsTarna ArkiTekcara' me vyakta kiyA hai: "hindU mandira yA musalamAnoM kI masjida apavitra kara dI jAye athavA khaDahara ho jAe, to koI usakA jIrNoddhAra nahIM karAegA varan usakI sAmagrI kA upayoga karake nae se nae phaizana kA maMdira yA masjida banA lI jaaegii| jaino me yaha bAta nahI hai| koI jaina ekadama nayA maMdira banAne meM samartha na ho, para itanA samartha to hogA hI ki vaha kisI purAne maMdira kA jIrNoddhAra kara de kyoki ve jIrNoddhAra me bhI nayA maMdira banAne ke barAbara puNya mAnate hai, jaisA ki hama (agreja) loga bhI Amataura para mAnate haiM; paratu jIrNoddhAra kA una (jaino) kA tarIkA yaha hai ki ve cUnA kI moTI parata caDhAkara maMdira kI samUcI bAharI dIvAla kI sajAvaTa Dhaka dete hai, jisase usakI rUparekhA bhara dikhatI raha jAtI hai| bhItarI dIvAlo para bhI Ama taura para parata-dara-parata saphedI karA dI jAtI hai, jisase usakI kalA prabhAvahIna ho jAtI hai, yadyapi vaha saphedI kisI hada taka haTAI jA sakatI hai|" jaina- mUrtiyoM kA jIrNoddhAra yaha bhI Azcaryajanaka hai ki madiro ke jIrNoddhAra meM sabase Age rahanevAle jaina loga mUrtiyoM ke jIrNoddhAra ke pakSa me bahuta kama rahe, tabhI to usakI paramparA purAtattva meM bhI adRzya hai aura sAhitya me bhii| khaMDita ho jAne para mUrti ko jala me visarjita karane kI prathA kadAcit isIlie calI hogI ki usake jIrNoddhAra kA vidhAna nagaNya thA / (jaina vAstu-vidyA 81

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bAda me isa sadarbha meM jo vidhAna kie gae, ve jIrNoddhAra ke pakSa me kama aura vipakSa me adhika pratIta hote haiM 66 una vidhAo se yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki mUrti kA jIrNoddhAra usI hada taka ucita hai, jisa hada taka mAnava zarIra kI zalya kriyA; zarIra kI bhA~ti mUrti kA bhI aguli Adi choTA aga kaTaphaTa jAne para usakA upacAra yA jIrNoddhAra karAyA jA sakatA hai, lekina hAtha-paira Adi baDA aga kaTa jAne para kiyA gayA upacAra use maulikarUpa me kabhI nahIM lA sakatA / mUrtiyoM ke jIrNoddhAra kA vidhAna zAyada sabase pahale gyArahavIM zatAbdI ke ata me AcArya vizvakarmA ne 'dIpArNava gratha' ke 'jina-darzana' nAmaka ikkIsaveM adhyAya ke pA~ca zloko me kiyA 167 ina zloko kA artha hai: nakha, keza, AbhUSaNa Adi aura zastra, vastra Adi alakAra ke khaMDita hone se viSama (vyagita ) huI mUrti se magala kI kAmanA nahI karanI cAhie; balki zAMti, puSTi Adi karAkara use punaH samarUpa banavAkara rathotsava karanA cAhie. usake bAda pUjA kI jAne para hI vaha mUrti zubhakAraka hogii| paraMtu aga, upAga aura pratyaga ke vyagita (khaMDita) hone se dUSita huI mUrti kA visarjana kara denA cAhie aura usake sthAna para dUsarI mUrti sthApita kara denA cAhie kyoki jo mUrtiyaoN khaDita ho jAe~, jala jAe~, caTaka jAe~ yA phaTa jAe~ unakA maMtra dvArA saMskAra nahIM ho sakatA, unameM se devatvazakti calI jAtI hai| uttama puruSo dvArA sthApita kI gaI prAcIna mUrti vyagita hone para bhI pUjya rahegI, usakI pUjA niSphala nahIM hogI / 'vatthu sAra-payaraNa' me bhI tIna gAthAoM meM mUrtiyo ke jIrNoddhAra kA vidhAna hai / uttama puruSoM dvArA sthApita pratimA yadi purAnI ho cukI ho, to vaha vyagita ho jAne para bhI pUjI jAtI rahe; use pUjanA niSphala nahI hogA / jIrNoddhAra kA manovijJAna madiro aura mUrtiyoM ke jIrNoddhAra ke pIche jo manovijJAna hotA hai, usakA vizleSaNa uparyukta pustaka, e hisTrI oNpha iMDiyana eDa IsTarna ArkiTekcara', ke pRSTha 68 para sudara DhaMga se huA hai; usakA anuvAda yahA~ prastuta hai: kisI sthApatya zailI meM pA~ca-chaha zatAbdiyoM se lagAtAra ho rahe eka-jaise parivartana dekhate-dekhate kisI bhI deza meM eka aisI Adata panapa (jaina vAstu-vidyA 82

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jAtI hai, jisase vaha tAz2Atara phaizana ko hI sarvazreSTha mAnane lagatA hai| yaha parivartana itanA kramika hotA hai ki loga samajha hI nahIM pAte ki ve vAstavikatA se bhaTakakara kitanI dUra jA pahu~ce haiN| yUropa ke logoM meM aisI Adata nahI panapa sakI, ve kevala pariNAma para dRSTi rakhate haiM; ve una sIr3hiyoM para naz2ara nahIM DAlate, jinase hokara parivartana AyA hotA hai| jaba unhe patA lagatA hai ki vaha sthApatya-zailI apane vAstavikarUpa se bhaTakakara bahuta dUra jA pahu~cI hai, taba unhe dhakkA lagatA hai; ve usa parivartana meM raca. basa nahIM pAte, isalie usakI bhartsanA karane lagate haiN| ThIka yahI bAta hiMdU sthApatya kI dasa me se nau bAto para lAgU hotI hai| hamameM se bahuta kama aise hai, jo yaha jAnate hai ki apanI atizreSTha madhyakAlIna kalA kA mUlya samajhane ke lie kitanI samajhabUjha cAhie hotI hai| isIlie bahuta kama loga yaha samajhate haiM ki bhAratIya zilpa-zailiyoM kI bhartsanA ke pIche vyavasthita aura niyamAnusAra samajhabUjha kI atyanta kamI huA karatI hai| DO (jana bastu-vidhA

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uddharaNa aura saMdarbha 1. 'vasa nivAse' nAmaka parasmaipadI dhAtu, pANini vyAkaraNa ke anusAra prathama gaNa, bhvAdi, meM (siddhAnta kaumudI, 1074vA~ sthAna) parigaNita hai 2. kSetra-vAstu-hiraNya-suvarNa-dhana-dhAnya-dAsI-dAsa-kupya-pramANAtikramAH / (-tatvArtha-sUtra, adhyAya 7, sUtra 291) 3. zyAmasuMdaradAsa, hiMdI-zabdasAgara (cauthA bhAga), pR. 3722, vArANasI (kAzI nAgarI-pracAriNI sabhA.) 19281 4. vizvakarmA jagaja-jyeSTho vizvamUtir-jinezvaraH, vizvadRga vizva-bhUtezo vishv-jyotirniishvrH| (-vahI, 25, 103 1) 5. vidhAtA vizvakarmA ca sraSTA cetyAdi-nAmamiH, prajAsta vyAharanti sma jagatA ptimcyutm| (-AcArya jinasena, Adi-purANa, 16, 2671) 6. brahmA devAnAM prathamaH sababhUva vizvasya kartA bhuvanasya goptA, sa brahma-vidyAM pratiSThAmatharvAya jyeSTha-putrAya prAham / (muNDakopaniSada) 7. asirmasI kRSirvidyA vANijyaM zilpameva c| karmANImAni voDhA syuH prajA-jIvana-hetavaH / / (-AcArya jinasena, mahApurANa Adi-purANa,16/1791) 8. (-gopIlAla amara kA lekha RSabha-putrI brAhmI aura brahma-putrI sarasvatI', mahAvIra jayantI smArikA, jypur|)

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9. teNaM livI-vihANaM jiNeNa baMbhIe daahinn-krenn| gaNiyaM saMkhANaM sundarIe vAmeNa ubihN|| (-abhidhAna rAjendra koza, bhAga 2, pR0 11261) 10. yo yatra nivasantrAste sa tatra kurute rtim| yo yatra ramate tasmAdanyatra sa na gcchti|| (-AcArya pUjyapAda, iSTopadeza, zloka 4310 11. AhAroSadhayorapyupakaraNAvAsayozca dAnena / vaiyAvRtyaM buvate caturAtmatvena tathurasrAH / zrISeNa-vRSabhasainI kauNDezaH zUkarazca dRSTAntAH / vaiyAvRttasyaite caturvikalpasya mantavyAH / / (-AcArya samantabhadra, ratnakaraNDa prAvakAdhAra, zloka 117/81) 12. vatthu-vijja bhUmi-sabaMdhamaNNaM pi suhAsuhaM kAraNaM vnnnnedi| (-AcArya vIrasena, SadakhaNDAgama-dhavalA-TIkA, 1, 1, 131) 13. jemsa phargusana, hisTrI oNva iMDiyana eMDa IsTarna ArkiTekcara, bhAga 2, pR. 68 Adi, ladana (jaoNna mare, albemAle sTrITa, DablU.), 1910, tathA any| 14. jainaM caityAlayaM caityamuta nirmApayana zubham, __ vAchan svasya nRpAdezca vAstu-zAstraM na lNppyet| (-paMDita AzAdhara sUri, pratiSThAsAroddhAra, zloka 1, 171) 15 zAstra-mAnena yo ramyaH sa ramyo nAnya eva hi, zAstra-mAna-vihInaM yadaramyaM tada vipazcitam / (-zukra nIti, 4, 5270 16. nipAtayantI tarale vilocane sajIva-citrAsu nivaas-bhittisu| navA vadhUryatra janAbhizakayA na gADhamAliMgati jIvitezvaram / / (-mahAkavi vIranadI, cadraprabha-carita, 11) - (jana vAstuvidhA

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17. jiNa-bhavaNaiM kArAbiyaiM lamai saggi vimANu, aha Tikkai ArAhaNahaM hoI samAhiti aannu| (AcArya devasena, sAvaya-dhama-saMgaha, 1931) 18. yasyArtha kriyate pUjA vAstu-devA dharAdhipAH, zAntike pauSTike caiva srv-vighnopshaantye| (-paMDita AzAdhara, pUjA-pATha, pRSTha 1831) 19. sarveSu vAstuSu sadA nivasantamenaM zrI-vAstu-devamakhilasya kRtopakAram, prAgeva vAstu-vidhi-kalpita-yajJabhAgamIzAna-koNa-dizi pUjanayA ghinomi| (-vAstu, 3,611) 20. gRha hi gRhiNImAhur-na kuddy-ktt-sNhtim| (-paMDita AzAdhara, saagaar-dhrmaamRt|) 21. upari-tala-nipAtiteSTakoyaM zirasi tanura-vipulaza-ca madhya-deze, asadRza-jana-saMprayoga-bhIro-hRdayamiva sphuTitaM mahA-gRhasya / vaidezyena kRto bhavena mama gRhe vyApAramabhyasyatA nAsau veditavAn dhanaira-virahitaM visadha-suptaM janam, dRSTvA prAG mahatI nivAsa-racanAmasmAkamAzAnvitaH sandhicchedana-khinna eva suciraM pazcAn nirAzo gataH / (-nATakakAra zUdraka, mRcchakaTika, aMka 3, zloka 22-231) 22. dhuvA dyaurdhavA pRthivI dhruvAsaH parvatA ime, dhruvaM vizvamidaM jagada dhuvo rAjA vishaamym| dhuvaM te rAjA varuNo dhuvaM devo vRhaspatiH, dhruvaM te indrazcAgnizca rASTra dhArayatAM dhruvam / / (Rgveda. 10/17374-511) 23. yo dhuvANi pariccajja, anuvaM priseve| dhuvANi tassa NassaMti aduvaM gahameva ca / / - jinamata-vidhA

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24. jyotiSe tantra-zAstre ca zAstrArthe vaidya-zilpayoH, artha-mAnaM tu gRhaNIyAna-nAtra zabdaM vicaaryet| 25. vedA vibhinnAH smRtayo vibhinnA naiko munira-yasya vacaH pramANam, dharmasya tattvaM nihita guhAyAM mahajano yena gataH sa panthAH / (-mhaabhaart|) 26. jAtA sarvajJa-vaktrAd gaNadhara-nikarair-vistRtA vIdha-bodhai ragopAMdi-bhedais-tadanu muni-janaizcApi dRga-bhA-vizeSAta, zreyomArga-prakAze sphuTa-ruci-vilasada-dIpikA-sarva-lokavyApArasya pramAtrA tribhuvana-mahitA zAradA puujyteth| (-paMDita AzAdhara, pUjA-pATha (zruta-pUjA). pRSTha 1671) 27. Age 'sahAyaka gratha' ke aMtargata draSTavya / 28. dezaH puraM nivAsazca sabhA-vezmAsanAni ca. yad yadIdRzamanyacca tat tacchreyaskara matam / vAstu-zAstrAdRte tasya na syAla-lakSaNa-nizcayaH, tasmAllokasya kRpayA zAstrametadudIryate / / 29. msuuraambu-pRsst-suucii-klaap-dhvj-snnibhaaH| gharApa-tejo-marut-kAyA naanaakaaraastru-trsaaH|| (AcArya amRtacandra sUri, tattvArthasAra, 2/571) 30. puDhavi-kAiyA jIvA asaMkhejjAsakhejjA, Au-kAiyA jIvA asakhejjA. saMkhejjA, teu-kAiyA jIvA asaMkhejjAsaMkhejjA, vAu-kAiyA jIvA asakhejjAsakhejjA, vaNaphphadi-kAiyA jIvA annNtaanntaa| (-gautama gaNadhara, pratikramaNa-sUtra, pRSTha 2711) 31. mRttikA bAlukA caiva zarkarA copala: zilA, lavaNoyastathA tAnaM trapaH sIsakameva c|| raupyaM suvarNa vajaM ca rahitAlaM ca hiDgulam, manaHzilA tathA tutthamaJjanaM sapravAlakam / / (janakA-vijA

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krirolakAbhrake caiva maNibhedAzca bAdarAH, gomedo rucakAGkazca jalakAnto ravi-prabhaH / vaiDUrya candakAGkazca jalakAnto ravi-prabha., gairikazcandanazcaiva varcuro rucakastthA / / moThA masAragallazca sarva ete pradarzitAH, trizat-pRthivI-bhedA, bhagavamirjinezvaraiH / (-AcArya amRtacandra sUri, tattvArthasAra, 2158-621) 32 puDhavI-AU-teU-vAU ya vaNaphphadI tahA ya tsaa| chattIsa-vihA puDhavI, tisse bhedA ime nneyaa|| puDhavI ya bAlugA sakkarA ya uvale silA ya loNe ya, aya tava tauya sIsaya ruppa suvaNNe ya vaire ye| haridAle hiMgulae maNolisA sassagaMjaNa pavAle ya, abbha-paDalambhabAluya bAdara-kAyA mnnividhiiyaa| gomajjhage ya rujage aMke phalihe lohidaMke ya, cadappama verulie jalakate sUrakate y| geruya cadaNa vavvaga vayamoe taha masAragalle ya, te jANa puDhavi-jImA jANittA prihredbaa| (AcArya kundakunda, mUlAdhAra, 58/205-9) 33. kvacicca kugrAma-bahizca dUrato, mhtsvgaadhaati-bhyNkressuyt| sadaiva kUpeSu jalaM sudurlabhaM, haranti yaMtrairatiyatnato jnaaH|| (AcArya ugrAditya, kalyANakAraka) 34. vistAra ke lie draSTavyaH AcArya gopIlAla amara, 'jainiz2ma eMDa da envAyaranameTala hArmanI', varlDa rilIz2ansa eMDa da envAyaranameMTa, naI dillI (gItAjali prakAzana), 1988 / 35. nara-sura-tiryaG-nAraka-yoniSu paripramati jIva-lokoyam / kuzalA svastika-racane'tIva nidarzayati dhiiraannaam|| jana vAstu-vidhA)

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36. anya-vAstu-cyuta dravyamanya-vAstau na yojayet / prAsAde na bhavet pUjA gRhe ca na vased gRhii|| (-zilpa-ratnAkara, 5.119) 37. nirlepasya jinendrasya vyoma-mUrtera-mahAdhvare, vyoma kezasya diga-bhAgaM kurmahe drbh-grbhitm| (-jinendra-pUjA-vidhAna, 10 1) 38. yasyArthaM kriyate pUjA tasya zAntira bhavet sadA, zAntike pauSTike caiva sarva-kAryeSu siddhidaa| 39. bhava-baddha-zubhAzubha-karma-vipAkada phalana, videMtane kattale mane ya vastuva torpa soDara vilginte| (-AcArya zrIdhara, jAtaka-tilaka, (kannaDa), 4, 181) 40. mahA-purANa-zAstrajJo vAstu-vidyA-vizArada., eva-guNo mahA-sattvaH pratiSThAcArya issyte| (--AcArya vasunandI, pratiSThA- sAra-sagraha, 1, 121) 41. maNNati jado Nicca maNeNa NivuNA maNukkaDA jamhA, maNa-umbhavA ya sabe tamhAte mANusA bhnnidaa| (AcArya nemicandra siddhAnta-cakravartI, gommaTa-sAra, (jIvakADa), gAthA 1411) 42. saumya-phAlguna-vaizAkha-mAgha-zrAvaNa-kArtikAH, mAsAH syura-gRha-nirmANe putrArogya-dhana-pradAH / (-zrIToDaramalla, vAstusaukhya, zloka 381, (sa. AcArya kamalAkAnta zukla), vArANasI (sapU. saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya), 19961) 43. udaye gururasta-gRhe zazinaH sahajepi zanau ripuge ca ravau, jalagaza-ca sito bhavanasya tadA zaradA zatamAyuruzanti budhAH / (zrI ToDaramalla, vAstusaukhya, zloka 425 (puurvokt)|) 44. tadUpaM tatpramANaM ca pUrvasUtraM na cAlayet, hIne tu jAyate hAniradhike svajana-kSayaH / (jana kA kiyA

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45. calite cAlite vApi diDa-mUDhasya navAdiSu, tasmAt sarva-prayatnena pUrva-sUtraM na caalyet| (-zilpa-ralAkara, 5, 106-71) 46 azvatthazca kadambazca kadalI bIja-pUraka., gRhe yasya prarohanti sa gRhI na prrohti| 47 ata para pravakSyAmi gRhANa vedha-nirNayam / andhaka rucira caiva kubja kANa-vadhIrako / / diga-vaktra cipiTa caiva vyagyaM ca muraja tathA / kaTila kaTTaka caiva supte ca shkhpaalkm|| vikaTa kaka-kaikarau vedha. SoDazadhA smRt.| (-aparAjita-pRcchA) 48 astyuttarasyA dizi devatAtmA himAlayo nAma nagAdhirAjaH pUrvAparau toyanidhI vagAhya sthitaH pRthivyA iva mAna-daNDaH / * 49 pUrvasyA zrI-gRha kAryamAgneyyA tu mahAnasam, zayana dakSiNasyA tu nairRtyAmAyudhAdikam / bhuja-kriyA pazcimasyA vAyavye dhana-sagraham, uttarasyA jala-sthAnamaiyazAnyA deva-sadagRham / / 50. prAsAda-mastake mauli-rUpa. kubho nigadyate, tasmAt sallakSaNa kubhaM kArayeda vidhivittamaH / (-kalyANavijaya gaNI. kalyANa-kalikA, pariccheda 12, zloka 32/401) 51. mAlA-mRgendra-kamalAmbara-vainateya-mAtaga-gopati-rathAMga-mayUra-hasAH, yasya dhvajA vijayino bhuvane vibhAnti tasmai namasa-tribhuvana-prabhave jinAya / (-daza-bhakti, pRSTha 225) * 52. mAla-hari-kamalAmbara-garuDebha-gadeza-cakra-zikhi-haMsaiH, upalakSi-dhvajAni nyasAmi daza dikSu pc-vrnnaani| (-zrI nemicandradeva, pratiSThA-tilaka, pRSTha 129, bAhubalI (rAhA vidyAmadira). 19921) (jana vAstu-vikA

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53. dRSTa jinendra bhavana maNi- ratna - hemasArojjvalai. kalaza-cAmara-darpaNAdyaiH, sanmagalai. satatamaSTa zata-prabhedairbibhrAjita vimala - mauktika -dAma-zobham / (- AcArya sakalacandra, dRSTASTaka stotra, (jJAnapITha pUjAjali' me prakAzita) / ) * 54. purisubva gihassaMgaM hINa ahiyaM na pAvae soha, tamhAsuddha kIrai jeNa giha havai riddhikaraM / (-Thakkura pheru, vat-sAra-payaraNa, (saM. bhagavAnadAsa jaina), jayapura (jaina vividha graMthamAlA, motIsiMha bhomiyA kA rAstA ). 19361) * 55. puDhavI- silAmao vA phalaamao taNamaoya sabhAro, hodi samAdhi- Nimitta uttara-sira tahava puvva-siro / (AcArya zivArya, mUlArAdhanA, (bhagavatI ArAdhanA) / ) * 56. icchAmi, bhate ! cediya-bhatti kAussaggo kado tassAloceudu / ahaloya- tiriya- loya-uDDha loyaMmi kiTTimAkiTTimANi jANi jiNaceiyANi tANi savvANi tIsu vi loesu bhavaNavAsiya-vANavitarajoisiya-kappavAsiya tti cauvvihA devA saparivArA divveNa gagheNa, divveNa puppheNa, divveNa dhUveNa, divveNa cuNNeNa, divveNa vAseNa, divveNa NhANeNa Nicca-kAlaM accati, pujjati, vadaMti, NamassaMti / ahamavi iha saMto tattha satAi Nicca kAla accemi, pujjemi, vaMdAmi, masAmi / dukkha kkhao, kaMmma-kkhao, bohi-lAho, sugadi-gamaNaM, samAhi-maraNa, jiNa-guNa-sapattI hodu majjhaM / (- kRtrimA kRtrima jina-pUjArghya dazabhakti / ) * 57. sAla-trayAn sada-vana- ketu-mAnastambhAlayAn maNDala- maMgalADhyAn / gRhAn jinAnAmakRtAn kRtAMzca bhUteza-koNastha-dale yajAmi / / (- paMDita nemicandradeva, pratiSThA-tilaka, 1, 9; bAhubalI (bra. mANikacaMda, zivalAla TET), 1992) jaina vAstu-vidyA 91

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58. daNDaz- caitya-dhvajAdhArastasmAl-lakSaNa-vedinA, daNDaH sulakSaNaH kAryaH samAno granthi-parvabhiH / (- paM. kalyANavijaya gaNI, kalyANa-kalikA, 11,301) * 59. oM, jala-sthala - zilA- vAlukA- paryantara-bhUmi zodhana-purassara paripUrita-zuddhavAlukeSTa- komala-mRtsnAdhiSThitAdhiSThAne, paMca- vidha-ratna- ramaNIya-pacAlaMkArAropita - zAtakumbhamaya stambha-saMbhRte, satata zaitya-mAndya-saurabha-saMsaktamandAnilAndolita-patAkA-pakti-vilAsite, suvarNa-zikhara- vinyasta-mANikyamayUkha - mAlAmbara - viracita zrI-vimAna- virAjamAne, catura - dikSu gopura-dvAratoraNomaya pArzva- pradeza - vinihita-maNi-maya-maMgala-kalaze, vividha vimalAmbaraviracita-vitAna vilambita-muktA-dAmAdyalaMkRte, mukti-vadhU svaya- vara-zrI- vivAhavibhava- nivAsa - bhAsure, samucita samasta sa paryAya dravya-sandoha - samanvita- vipulatara caityAyatane, jinendra-kalyANA-bhyudaya mahA mahotsavAbhirAme vAstumaNDapAbhyantare puSpAMjaliH / (paNDita AzAghara, pUjA-pATha, pR. 151(a) 1) * 60 aMguSTha- mAtraM bimbaM ca yaH kRtvA nityamarcayet / tat phalaM na ca vaktuM hi zakyatesakhya- puNya yuk / / * 61. neminAtho vIra - mallinAthau vairAgya-kArakAH / trayo vai maMdire sthApyA, na gRhe zubha dAyakAH / / (- zilpa- smRti- vAstu-vidyA, 1321) 62. pura-gAma-paTTaNAdI, loiyasatthaM ca loya-vavahAro / dhammo vi dayA-mUlA viNimmiyo Adi- bamheNa / / * 63. abhiSeka prekSaNikA - krIDana-saMgIta-nATakAloka-gRhaiH, zilpi vikalpita-kalpana-sakalpAtIta-kalpanaiH samupetaiH / (- AcArya pUjyapAda, nandIzvara-bhakti, zloka 221) * 64. koTi- varSopavAsazca tapo vai janma-janmani, (jaina vAstu-vidyA koTi-dAnaM koTi-dAne prAsAda-phala-kAraNe (-zilpa- ratnAkara, 13, 851) * 92

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65. ato nityamahodyuktair-nirmApyaM sukRtArthibhiH jina caitya gRhaM jIrNamuddhAryaM ca vizeSataH / (-- paMDita AzAdhara, pratiSThA- sAroddhAra, 1,61 * 66. vApI-kUpa-taDAgAni prAsAda-bhavanAni ca, jIrNAnyuddhArayed yastu puNyamaSTaguNaM bhavet / 'jaina vAstu-vidyA (- zilpa- ratnAkara, 5, 1051) * 67. nakha- keza- bhUSaNAdi zastra vastrAdyalaMkRtiH / viSamA vyagitA naiva iSayen - mUrti- magalam / / zAMti- puSTyAdi - kRtyaizca punaH sA ca samIkRtA / punaH rathotsavaM kRtvA pratimAmarcayecchubhA / / agopAMgaizca pratyaMgaiH kathaMcid vyaMga - dUSitAm / visarjayet tAM pratimAmanyamUrti pravezayet / / yAH khaDitAzca dagdhAzca vizIrNAH sphuTitAstathA / na tAsAM mantrasaskAro gatAzca tatra devatAH / / atItAbda-zata yatsyAd yacca sthApitamuttamaiH / tad vyaMgamapi pUjyaM syAd bimbaM tanniSphala na hi / / * 68. varisa-sayAo uDDha jaM bibaM uttamehiM saMThaviyaM / vialagu vi pUijjai taM bibaM niSkala na jao / / muha nakka- nayaNa - nAhI - kaDi maMge mUla nAyagaM cayaha / AharaNa-vattha-parigara-cinhAyuha-bhaMgi pUijjA / / dhAu - levAi-bimbaM vialaga puNa vi korae sajja / kaTTha- rayaNa-sela-mayaM na puNo sajjaM ca kaIyAvi / / 8 93

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pAribhASika zabdoM kI vyAkhyA agra-maNDapa : arthAt mukha-maNDapaH praveza-maNDapa / aNDaka : laghu-zikhara kI eka ddijaain| atibhaMga : jisameM atyadhika vakratA ho| adhiSThAna : maMdira kI goTedAra caukI, vedi-badha kA pryaay| anarpita-hAra : vimAna kI mukhya bhitti se pRthaka sthita eka hAra / aMtarapatra : do prakSipta goToM ke madhya kA eka aMtarita gottaa| aMtarAla : garbhagRha aura maNDapa ke madhya kA bhaag| abhaya . saMrakSaNa kI sUcaka eka hst-mudraa| ardha-maNDapa : eka khAcevAlA staMbhAdhArita maNDapa, jo prAyaH praveza-dvAra se sayukta hotA hai| arpita-hAra : vimAna kI mukhya bhitti se saMyukta eka hAra / azva-thara : azvoM kI pNkti| aSTApada : ATha pIThikAoM se nirmita eka vizeSa parvata (yA usakI anukRti) jisa para RSabhanAtha ne nirvANa prApta kiyaa| AyAga-paTTa : jaina mUrtiyo aura pratIkoM se aMkita shilaa-ptt| Asana-paTTa : kakSAsana yA caitya (chajjedAra) gavAkSa kA eka samatala gottaa| uttIra (tamila) : mukhya dharaNa yA kdd'ii| udgama caitya-toraNoM kI tri-koNikA, jo sAmAnyataH deva-koSThoM para zikhara kI bhA~ti prastuta kI jAtI hai| upapITha . dakSiNa bhAratIya adhiSThAna ke nIce kA upa-adhiSThAna / upAna . dakSiNa bhAratIya adhiSThAna kA sabase nIce kA bhAga yA pAyA, jo uttara-bhAratIya khura se milatA-julatA hai| uraHaMga : madhyavartI prakSepa se saMyukta kguuraa| kakSAsana . chajjedAra gavAkSa ke DhAladAra takiye kA mukhya gottaa| kaTu (tamila) : stabha ke Upara ke aura nIce ke do catuSkoNa bhAgo ke jana pAstu-vidhA

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madhya kA aSTakoNa bhaag| kapota : kArniza kI taraha kA nIce kI ora jhukA huA vaha goTA, jo sAmAnyataH caukI (adhiSThAna yA vedi-baMdha) ke Upara hotA hai| karNa : koNa-prastara yA konA; konn-prkssep| karNa-kUTa : karNa yA kone ke Upara nirmita laghu maMdira yA kguuraa| karNa-zRMga : karNa yA kone para nirmita kNgraa| karNikA : asi-dhAra kI taraha kA goTA; patalA paTTI-jaisA gottaa| : puSakoza ke AkAra kA goTA, jisakA AkAra ghaTa ke samAna hotA hai| dakSiNa bhAratIya staMbha-zIrSa kA sabase nIce kA eka bhaag| kAyotsarga : khaDgAsana kI taraha kA vaha Asana, jisame khar3I huI tIrthakara mUrtiyA~ hotI haiN| kIcaka : aiTalasa; eka baunA vyakti, jo bhAra ko yA bhavana ke UparI bhAga ko dhAraNa karatA hai| kIrtimukha : kalA me pracalita eka pratIkAtmaka DijAina, jisakI banAvaTa siha ke zIrSa kI-sI hotI hai| : adhiSThAna (vaidi-badha) kA khura ke Upara kA eka goTA; dakSiNa bhAratIya staMbha-zIrSa kA eka UparI bhaag| kuMbhikA : stabha kI alaMkRta caukii| kUDu (tamila) : vakra kArnisa (kapota) sa AraMbha honevAlA eka aisA prakSipta bhAga, jo toraNa ke nIce khulA hotA hai; arthAt caitya-gavAkSA kSipata-vitAna : natodara cht| khaTvAMga : eka asthi para TaMgA naramuNDa (eka bhayAnaka devatA kI vstu)| : atyaMta alaMkRta prakSipta AlA, jo gavAkSa se milatA-julatA hai| : adhiSThAna (vaidi-baMdha) kA sabase nIce kA gottaa| gajatAlu : chata kA eka avayava, jo maMjUSAkAra sUcyagra ke samAna hotA hai| gaja-dhara : gajoM kI pkti| (jana vAstu- pitA

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gopura gaja-pRSThAkRti : gaja-pRSTha ke AkAra kA maMdira; ardh-vRttaakaar| garbhagRha : madira kA mUla bhAga yA grbhaaly| : mukhya dvAra, praveza-dvAra ke Upara nirmiti / grAsa-paTTI : kIrtimukhoM kI pkti| grIvA : mukhya nirmiti ke zikhara ke nIce kA bhaag| ghaTa-pallava : pallavAkita ghaTa kI ddijaain| caturmukha : arthAt caumukha yA sarvatobhadra; maMdiroM yA maMdira yA maMdira anukRti kA aisA prakAra, jo cAroM ora anAvRta hotA caturviMzati-paTTa eka zilA yA pakti yA mUrti-paTTa, jisa para caubIsa tIrthakaroM kI mUrtiyA~ ho| catuSkI : khA~cA, cAra stabho ke madhya kA sthAna, arthAt caukii| caMdra-zilA . sabase nIce kA ardha-caMdrAkAra sopAna / caitya-gavAkSa . arthAt vaha Diz2Aina, jise kUDa yA caitya-vAtAyana kahate haiN| chAya : chdittt-prkssep| jagatI . aisA pITha, jo sAmAnyataH goTedAra hotA hai| jaMghA : maMdira kA vaha madhyavartI bhAga, jo adhiSThAna se Upara aura zikhara se nIce hotA hai| jADya-kuMbha . madhyakAla ke madira meM draSTavya pITha (caukI) kA sabase nIce kA gottaa| jAlaka : jAlI, jo sAmAnyataH gavAkSa me yA zikhara para hotI hai| taraMga : eka laharadAra DijAina, jo pazcima ke eka goTe se milatI-julatI hai| taraMga-potikA . tor3A-yukta zIrSa, jisakA goTA ghumAvadAra hotA hai| : madira, vimAna yA gopura kA eka khaNDa; arthAt bhuumi| dakSiNa-bhAratIya vimAna me eka, do yA tIna yA isase bhI adhika tala ho sakate haiN| sabase nIce kA khaNDa 'Adi tala' aura madhya kA 'madhya-tala' kahalAtA hai| tADi (tamila) : dakSiNa-bhAratIya stabha ke zIrSa kA eka gaddInumA bhaag| tilaka : eka prakAra kI kaMgUro kI ddijaain| toraNa : aneka prakAro aura DijAinoM kA alaMkRta dvaar| (jaina vAstu-vidhA tala

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trika-maNDapa : tIna catuSkiyoM yA khA~co sahita aisA maNDapa, jisakA pracalana madhyakAla me, vizeSataH jainamadiro me thaa| trikUTa : tIna vimAna, jo eka hI adhiSThAna para nirmita ho yA eka hI maNDapa se sayukta ho| tri-zAsa : dvAra ke tIna alakRta pakkho ke sahita caukhaTa / daNDa-chAdya : chata kA sIdhA kinArA arthAt chdittt-prkssep| devakulikA : laghu-madira; bhamatI ke sammukha sthita sh-mdir| naMdIzvara-dvIpa : jaina loka-vidyA kA AThavA~ mhaadviip| nava-raMga . vaha mahA-maNDapa, jisameM cAra madhyavartI aura bAraha paridhIya stabhoM kI aisI sayojanA hotI hai ki usase nau khaoNce bana jAte hai| nara-thara . mAnava-AkRtiyoM kI pNkti| nAbhicchada : eka prakAra kI alakRta chata, jisapara majUSAkAra sUcyagro kI DijAina hotI hai| nAla-maNDapa : arthAt balAnaka yA AvRta sopAna-yukta praveza-dvAra / nAsikA : (zabdArtha 'nAka') dakSiNa-bhAratIya vimAna kA vaha khulA huA bhAga, jo prakSipta aura toraNa-yukta hotA hai; 'alpanAsikA' yA 'kSudra-nAsikA' usase laghutara aura 'mahAnAsikA' bRhattara hotI hai| niraMdhAra-prAsAda : pradakSiNA-patha se rahita mdir| nipayA, nipIdhikA : jaina mahApuruSa kA smAraka-staMbha yA shilaa| nRtya-maNDapa : arthAt raMga-maNDapa athavA paristaMbhIya sabhA-maNDapa / paMca-tIthikA : paoNca tIrthakara-mUrtiyo se sahita ptttt| paMca-meru : jaina paraparA ke pA~ca meruoM kI anukRti| paMca-ratha : pA~ca prakSepoM sahita mdir| paMca-zAkhA dvAra kI pA~ca alakata pakkho sahita caukhaTa / paMcAyatana : cAra laghu maMdiroM se parivRta mdir| paMjara : laghu ardha-vRttAkAra madira; arthAt niidd| : alaMkaraNa se rahita yA sahita pttttii| paTTikA : zilA-sadRza goTA; sabase Upara kA eka gottaa| patralatA : patrAMkita latAoM kI pNkti| (jana vAstu-vidyA

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patrazAkhA . praveza-dvAra kA vaha pakkhA, jisapara patrAkana hotA hai| padma : kamalAkAra goTA yA eka bhAga; dakSiNa-bhAratIya phalaka ko AdhAra dene ke lie banAyA jAnevAlA eka kamalAkAra shiirss-bhaag| padmabaMdha . eka ala kRta paTTI, jo dakSiNa bhAratIya staMbha ke madhya-bhAga aura zIrSa-bhAga ke madhya meM hotI hai| padma-zilA : chata kA atyalakRta kamalAkAra lolk| parikara . mUrti ke sAtha kI anya aakRtiyaaN| pAza . jAla yA phNdaa| pITha . caukI yA paad-piitth| pratiratha . bhadra aura karNa ke madhya kA prkssep| pradakSiNA prikrmaa| pradakSiNA-patha : prikrmaa-pth| prastAra . dakSiNa bhAratIya vimAna kA vistaar| prAkAra . maMdira ko parivRta karanevAlI bhitti| prAga-grIvA . mukha-maNDapa kA prakSepa, arthAt agra-maNDapa / phalaka . stabha kA shiirss-bhaag| phA~sanA . bhavana kA ADe pITho se banA vaha UparI bhAga, jo pazcima bhAratIya sthApatya meM pracalita hai aura jise uDIsA ke sthApatya me 'pIDhA-deula' kahA jAtA hai| balAnaka AvRta sopAnabaddha prvesh-dvaar| bA~dhanA : jaMghA ko UparI aura nicale bhAgoM meM vibhakta karanevAlA eka prakSipta gottaa| : garbhagRha kA madhyavartI prkssep| bhadrapITha : goTedAra pAda-pITha kA eka dakSiNa bhAratIya prakAra / bhamatI : madhyakAla ke jaina maMdiro meM draSTavya staMbho ke madhya kA maarg| bharaNI : stNbh-shiirss| miTTa : maMdira kA up-adhisstthaan| makara-toraNa : praveza-dvAra kA alaMkaraNa yA makara-mukho se nikalatA vNdnvaar| jana bAstu-vidhA - -

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maMca maMcikA madhya-baMdha maMdAraka maMDovara mahA-maMDapa mAna-staMbha mukha-catuSkI mukha-maMDapa mUla-nAyaka mUla- prAsAda varada varaMDikA vedi-baMdha ratna- zAkhA ratha raMga-maMDapa rAja-senaka rUpa-kaMTha rUpa-zAkhA lalitAsana dakSiNa bhAratIya adhiSThAna kA eka prakAra ! . paTTikA ke samAna eka Upara koTA / : jaghA stabha Adi kI vaha paTTI, jisake madhya me udabhRta paTTI yA pakti hotI hai / : dvAra kI alaMkRta dehalI / : pITha, vedi da-badha aura jaghA se milakara bane bhAga kA nAma, jo pazcima bhAratIya sthApatya meM pracalita hai| madhyakAla ke maMdira meM draSTavya vaha madhyavartI stabhAdhArita maDapa, jisake dono pArzva anAvRta hote hai / cAro ora se nirAdhAra stabha, jisake zIrSa para tIrthakaramUrtiyA~ hotI hai / praveza-dvAra se sayukta mukha maMDapa yA sAmane kA khA~cA / : sAmane kA yA praveza dvAra se saMyukta maMDapa / mukhya sthAna para sthApita tIrthakara mUrti / mUla maMdira / vara pradAna karane kI sUcaka hasta-mudrA / kacha goTo se milakara banA vaha bhAga, jo jaghA aura zikhara ke madhya me hotA hai| dekhie 'adhiSThAna' | : praveza dvAra kA hIraka - alakaraNa sahita pakkhA / madira kA prakSepa / : stabhAdhArita maDapa, jo cAro ora anAvRta hotA hai| : kakSAsana yA chajjedAra gavAkSa kA sabase nIce kA goTA / : AkRtiyoM se alakRta eka atarita paTTI yA paMkti / : praveza dvAra kA AkRtiyoM se alakRta pakkhA / : vizrAma kA eka Asana, jisame eka paira mor3akara pITha para rakhA hotA hai aura dUsarA pITha se laTakakara manojJa lagatA hai| . . * zaduram (tamila) : dakSiNa bhAratIya staMbha kA catuSkoNa bhAga / : dvAra kI caukhaTa kA eka pakkhA / zAkhA zAlA (jaina vAstu-vidyA : Dhola ke AkAra kI chatasahita AyatAkAra maMdira /

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zikhara zukanAsA zukanAsikA sapta-zAkha saMdhAra-prasAda sabhA maMDapa sabhA-mArga samavasaraNa : eka prakAra kI alaMkRta chata, jisakI saMracanA aneka maMjUSAkAra sUcyagroM se hotI hai| samatala vitAna : avanatonnata talavAlI aisI chata, jo sAdhAraNataH paktibaddha sUciyo se alaMkRta hotI hai| : tIrthakara ke upadeza ke lie devoM dvArA nirmita aise maDapa kI anukRti; jisameM kevalajJAna ke anatara diye jAne vAle tIrthakara ke upadeza sunane ko upasthita devo, manuSyo aura pazuo ke lie Asana yojanA-baddha hote haiN| : banAvaTa sahita vargAkAra / sama-caturaca sarvatobhadra : maMdira kA UparI bhAga yA chata; uttara bhAratIya zikhara sAmAnyataH vakra-rekhIya hotA hai, kintu dakSiNa bhAratIya zikhara yA to guMbadAkAra hotA hai yA aSTakoNa athavA catuSkoNa / : uttara bhAratIya maMdira ke zikhara ke sammukha bhAga se saMyukta eka bAhara nikalA bhAga, jisameM eka bar3e caitya- gavAkSa kI sayojanA hotI hai| siddhAsana saMvaraNA : dekhie 'zukanAsA' / : dvAra kI sAta alakRta pakkhoM sahita caukhaTa / : pradakSiNA patha sahita maMdira / : arthAt raMga-maMDapa / : arthAt caturmukhaH eka prakAra kA cAroM ora sammukha madira; cAroM ora mUrtiyoM se saMyojita eka prakAra kI madiraanukRti / sarvatobhadrakA : cAro ora mUrtiyoM se saMyojita eka prakAra kI maMdiraanukRti / salilAMtara khar3A aMtarAla / sahasrakUTa (na - . : pirAmiDa ke AkAra kI eka maMdira- anukRti, jisapara eka sahasra ( aneka ) tIrthakara mUrtiyA~ utkIrNa hotI haiN| : arthAt dhyAnAsana meM AsIna tIrthaMkara kI eka mudrA / : chata, jisake tiryak rekhAoM meM Ayojita bhAgoM para ghaMTikAoM ke AkAra laghu zikhara hote haiN| 100

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zAkhA : dvAra kI caukhaTa kA eka pakkhA, jo mitti-stabha ke samAna hotA hai| stUpI, stUpikA . dakSiNa bhAratIya vimAna kA laghu zikhara / : madhyavartI tala; dakSiNa bhAratIya vimAna kA madhyavartI bhaag| hAra : kUTa, zAlA aura pajara nAmaka laghu maMdiroM kI pakti, jo dakSiNa bhAratIya vimAna ke pratyeka tala ko alakRta karatI hai| 00 janAstuvidhA 101

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sahAyaka grantha araviMda vajhe, akSaya vAstu araviMda, muMbaI (amararAja prakAzana) 1994 | avinAza sovatI, vAstuzobhA, puNe (nitina prakAzana) 1995 ! paMDita AzAdhara, pUjA-pATha (sa. nemIzA AdAppA upAdhye). udgaaNv| paNDita AzAdhara, pratiSThA-sAroddhAra (sa. manoharalAla zAstrI), mubaI (jaina gratha uddhAraka kAryAlaya, khattara lena, haudavAr3I), 1917 / AcArya umeza zAstrI, vAstu-vijJAnam, jayapura (vyAsa bAlAbakSa zodha sasthAna) 19891 AcArya umeza zAstrI, vANijyavAstu-zAstram, jayapura (vyAsa bAlAbakSa zodha sasthAna). 19961 AcArya umeza zAstrI, vAstu-gAradarpaNam, jayapura (vyAsa bAlAbakSa zodha sasthAna), 1996 / e.Ara. tArakheDakara, vAstuzAstra (bhAga 1), dhule (kaoNsmo pabliziga hAusa, iMDiyA), 19961 paDita kalyANavijaya gaNI, klyaann-klikaa| DaoN. ke.sI. agravAla, bhAratIya vaidika vAstukalA, bhopAla (bhAratIya vaidika vAstukalA parAmarza eva anusadhAna kedra), 1995 1 DaoN0 gopIlAla amara, 'siddhAMta aura pratIkArya'; jaina kalA aura sthApatya, bhAga 33; naI dillI (bhAratIya jJAnapITha), 19751 gauru tirupati reDDI (telugu se anuvAda, DaoN. bAlazauri reDDI), vAstu-saMdeza, produTUra (prajAhita pablizasa). 1994 | jina vAstu-viyA 102

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pa. jagadIza prasAda zarmA, bhAratIya vAstuvijJAna, jayapura (vidyA bhavana), 1995 | ToDaramalla, vAstusaukhya (saM. AcArya kamalAkAnta zukla), vArANasI (saMpU saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya), 1996 | devIdAsa poseTTI annaladAsa, vAstu vaibhava, zolApura (gAyatrI pablikezana), 1994 | DaoN. dvijendranAtha zukla, bhAratIya sthApatya, lakhanaU (hindI samiti, sUcanA vibhAga), 1968 | DaoN. dvijendra nAtha zukla, samarAMgaNa sUtradhAra vAstu-zAstrIya bhavana-niveza, naI dillI (mehacaMda lachamanadAsa pablikezansa), 1994 | sUtradhAra nAthajI, prAsAda-maMjarI (sa. prabhAzaMkara oghaDabhAI somapurA), pAlItAnA (gorAvAr3I, zilpi nivAsa), 1965 | Thakkura pheru, vatthu sAra-payaraNa (saM. bhagavAnadAsa jaina), jayapura (jaina vividha graMthamAlA), 1936 1 brajamohana dammANI, bhAratIya vAstukalA, bIkAnera (kAmezvara prakAzana), 19961 bhojadeva, samarAMgaNa sUtradhAra - vAstu-zAstram (bhavana-niveza ) (sampA. DaoN. dvijendranAtha zukla), naI dillI (meharacaMda lachamanadAsa pablikezansa), 1965 1 sUtradhAra maDana, prAsAda-maMDana (saM. bhagavAnadAsa jaina) jayapura (bI.esa. zarmA.) 1961 | sUtradhAra maDana, rUpa-maMDana (sa. DaoN. balarAma zrIvAstava), vArANasI (motIlAla banArasIdAsa), 1984 | AcArya vasunandI, vasunandi-zrAvakAcAra, dillI (digambara jaina maMdira, gulAba vATikA), 1989-90/ vijayA zarmA, gRhaprakaraNam, jayapura (razmiprabhA), 1995 | vindhyezvarI prasAda dvivedI, vAsturatnAkara, vArANasI (caukhambA saMskRta sIrija), jaina vAstu-vidyA 103

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vi.saM. 2052 1 AryikA vizuddhamatI, vAstu-vijJAna paricaya, zrImahAvIrajI (AcArya zrI zivasAgara digaMbara jaina graMthamAlA), 1992 | vizvakarmA, dIpArNava (jina-darzana), (saM. prabhAzakara oghaDabhAI somapUrA). pAlItAnA (gorAvAr3I, zilpi-nivAsa) / sUtradhAra vIrapAla, prAsAda- tilaka (saM. prabhAzakara oghaDabhAI somapurA) ahamadAbAda ( 31, ailorA pArka, nAraNapurA, cAra rAstA ), 1972 | saralA agravAla, vAstu-darzana, bIkAnera (kAmezvara prakAzana), 1996 | A. Ghosh (Editor), Jaina Art and Architecture (3 parts), New Delhi (Bharatiya Jnanpith), 1975. Dr. B. B. Puri, Vedic Architecture & Art of Living, New Delhi (Vastu Gyan Publication), 1995. D. Muralidhar Rao, Vasstu Shilpa Shaastra, Bangalore (S.B.S. Publishers Distributors), 1995. Dronam Raju Poornachandra Rao, Sri Sai Science of GruhaVastu, Hyderabad (Rajyalakshmi Publication), 1995. Gopilal Amar 'Canons and Symbolism' in Jaina Art and Architecture, Part-ill, New Delhi (Bharatiya Jnanpith), 1975. Gouru Tirupati Reddy, The Secret World of Vassthu, Proddatur516361 (Prajahita Publishers), 1994. Er. K.A. Natesa, Vasstu Shastra : Science and Technology, Salem (Gomathi & Co.), 1995. Ar. K. V. Rao, Science in Vasstu Applictions, Bangalore (The World Academy of Vasstu Education and Science), 1995. Malcolm Barbur, The New Knighthood: A History of the order of the Temple, New York (Cambridge University Press), 1994. Dr. U.P. Shah & M. A. Dhaky (Editors), Aspects of Jalna Art and Architecture, Ahmedabad (L.D. Institute), 1995. 00 (jaina vAstu-vidyA 104

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