Jain Darshan me Praman Mimansa

Author(s): Chhaganlal Shastri
Publisher: Mannalal Surana Memorial Trust Kolkatta
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/010217/1

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zrA tarApatha dvizatAbdI samAroha abhinandana meM jaina darzana pramANa-mImAMsA meM muni nathamala

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pravandha-sampAdaka chaganalAla zAstrI prakAzakaseTha mannAlAlajI surAnA memoriyala TrasTa 81, sadarna evenyU, kalakattA-26 prabandhakaAdarza sAhitya saMgha cUrU (rAjasthAna) jaina darzana granthamAlA: pandrahavA puSpa mudraka : rephila ArTa presa, 31, baDatallA sTrITa kalakattA-7 prathama saskaraNa 1000 : mUlya 3 rupaye

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prajJApanA artha ke samyak nirNayana ke lie nyAya zAstra kI apanI upayogitA hai| jaina darzana kA nyAya bhAga atyanta samRddha evaM unnata rahA hai / bIjarUpa me isakI paramparA utanI hI prAcIna hai, jitanA jaina vAGmaya kA zAzvata srota / svatantra zAstra ke rUpa meM uttaravartI kAla me yaha vistRta vikAsa pAtA rahA hai| jaina darzana ke yathAvat anuzIlana ke lie usake nyAya mAga avavA pramANavizlepaNa ko jAnanA ati Avazyaka hai| mahAn draSTA, janavandha AcAryazrI tulasI ke antevAsI muni zrI nathamalajI dvArA race 'jaina darzana ke maulika tattva' se gRhIta 'jaina darzana meM pramANa-mImAsA' nAmaka yaha pustaka jaina nyAya-zAstra para hindI mASA meM apanI koTi kI anUThI racanA hai| nyAya-zAstra kI upayogitA, jaina nyAya kA udgama aura vikAsa, pramANa kA svarUpa, vAk-prayoga, sapta bhaMgI, naya, nikSepa, kAryakAraNavAda prabhRti aneka mahattvapUrNa viSayo kA munizrI ne isame sAgopAga vivecana kiyA hai| nyAya yA tarka jaise jaTila aura kliSTa viSaya ko unhoMne prAJjala evaM prasAdapUrNa zabdAvalI me rakhane kA jo prayAsa kiyA hai, usase isa durUha viSaya ko hRdayasAt karane me pAThako ko bar3A sauvidhya rhegaa| zrI terApaMtha dvizatAbdI samAroha ke aminandana me isa pustaka ke prakAzana kA dAyitva seTha mannAlAlajI surAnA memoriyala TrasTa, kalakattA ne svIkAra kiyA, yaha atyanta harSa kA viSaya hai| terApantha kA prasAra, tatsambandhI sAhitya kA prakAzana, aNuvrata Andolana kA jana-jana meM saMcAra TrasTa ke uddezyoM meM se mukhya haiN| isa pustaka ke prakAzana dvArA apanI uddezya-pUrti kA jo mahattvapUrNa kadama TrasTa ne uThAyA hai, vaha sarvathA abhinandanIya hai|

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[ kha ] jana-jana me sattattva-prasAra, naitika jAgaraNa kI preraNA tathA jana-sevA kA uddezya liye calanevAle isa TrasTa ke saMsthApana dvArA pramukha samAjasevI, sAhityAnurAgI zrI hanUtamalajI surAnA ne samAja ke sAdhana-sampanna vyaktiyoM ke samakSa eka anukaraNIya kadama rakhA hai| isake lie unheM sAdara dhanyavAda hai / ___ Adarza sAhitya saMgha, jo satsAhitya ke prakAzana evaM pracAra-prasAra kA dhyeya liye kArya karatA A rahA hai, isa mahattvapUrNa prakAzana kA pravandhamAra grahaNa kara atyadhika prasannatA anubhava karatA hai| ___ AzA hai, jaina nyAya meM praveza pAne meM yaha pustaka lAbhakArI siddha hogii| saradArazahara (rAjasthAna) ApAr3ha kRSNA 11, 2015 jayacandalAla daphtarI vyavasthApaka Adarza sAhitya saMgha,

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viSayAnukramaNikA 1 jaina nyAya 2. pramANa 3. pratyakSa pramANa 4. parokSa pramANa 5. Agama pramANa 6. syAdvAda 7. nayavAda 8. nikSepa 6. lakSaNa 10. kAryakAraNavAda pariziSTa 126 176 187 193 201

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1-18 jaina nyAya nyAya aura nyAya zAstra nyAya-zAstra kI upayogitA artha-siddhi ke tIna rUpa jaina nyAya kA udgama aura vikAsa jaina nyAya kI maulikatA hetu AharaNa AharaNa ke doSa vAda ke doSa vivAda pramANa-vyavasthA kA Agamika AdhAra anekAnta-vyavasthA pramANa-vyavasthA

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nyAya aura nyAya zAstra mImAMsA kI vyavasthita paddhati athavA pramANa kI mImAMsA kA nAma nyAya-tarka vidyA hai| nyAya kA zAbdika artha hai-prApti' aura pAribhASika artha hai-"yukti ke dvArA padArtha-prameya-vastu kI parIkSA karanA 2" eka vastu ke bAre me aneka virodhI vicAra sAmane Ate haiM, taba unake balAvala kA nirNaya karane ke lie jo vicAra kiyA jAtA hai, usakA nAma parIkSA hai / __'ka' ke bAre meM indra kA vicAra sahI hai aura candra kA vicAra galata hai, yaha nirNaya dene vAle ke pAsa eka puSTa AdhAra honA caahie| anyathA usake nirNaya kA koI mUlya nahIM ho sktaa| 'indra' ke vicAra ko sahI mAnane kA AdhAra yaha ho sakatA hai ki usakI yukti ( pramANa) meM sAdhya-sAdhana kI sthiti anukUla ho, dono (sAdhya-sAdhana) meM virodha na ho| 'indra' kI yukti ke anusAra 'ka' eka akSara (sAdhya ) hai kyoki usake do Tukar3e nahIM ho skte| 'candra ke matAnusAra 'e' bhI akSara hai| kyoMki vaha varNa-mAlA kA eka aMga hai, isalie 'candra' kA mata galata hai| kAraNa, isameM sAdhya-sAdhana kI sagati nahI hai| 'e' varNamAlA kA aMga hai phira bhI akSara nahIM hai| vaha 'naI' ke saMyoga se banatA hai, isalie saMyogaja varNa hai| nyAya-paddhati kI zikSA dene vAlA zAstra 'nyAya-zAstra' kahalAtA hai| isake mukhya aMga cAra haiM: 1-tattva kI mImAMsA karane vAlA-pramAtA (AtmA) 2-mImAMsA kA mAnadaNDa-pramANa (yathArtha jJAna) 3-jisakI mImAsA kI jAe-prameya (padArtha) 4-mImAMsA kA phala-pramiti (heya-upAdeya madhyastha-buddhi) nyAya zAstra kI upayogitA prANI mAtra meM ananta caitanya hotA hai| yaha sattAgata samAnatA hai| vikAsa kI apekSA usameM tAratamya mI ananta hotA hai| sava se adhika

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2] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA vikAsazIla prANI manuSya hai / vaha upayukta sAmagrI milane para caitanya vikAsa isase pahalI dazAo meM bhI kI carama sImA kevala -jJAna taka pahu~ca sakatA hai| use buddhi - pariSkAra ke aneka avasara milate haiM / manuSya jAti meM spaSTa artha vodhaka bhASA aura lipi-saMketa- ye do aisI vizeSatAeM haiM, jinake dvArA usake vicAro kA sthirIkaraNa aura vinimaya hotA hai / sthirIkaraNa kA pariNAma hai sAhitya-vADmaya aura vinimaya kA pariNAma hai AlocanA / jyoM-jyoM manuSya kI jJAna, vijJAna kI paramparA Age bar3hatI hai, tyoM-tyo sAhitya aneka dizAgAmI banatA calA jAtA hai / jaina-vADmaya meM sAhitya kI zAkhAeM cAra haiM (1) caraNakaraNAnuyoga -- AcAra-mImAMsA--upayogitAvAda yA kartavyabAda ( kartavya-akartavya-viveka ) yaha AdhyAtmika paddhati hai / (2) dharmakathAnuyoga - Atma- udbodhanazikSA ( rUpaka, dRSTAnta aura upadeza ) (3) gaNitAnuyoga - gaNita zikSA / ( 4 ) dravyAnuyoga * astitvavAda yA vAstavikatAvAda / tarka - mImAsA aura vastu-svarUpa - zAstra Adi kA samAveza isameM hotA hai / yaha dArzanika paddhati hai / yaha dasa prakAra kA hai (1) dravyAnuyoga - dravya kA vicAra / jaise--dravya guNa -paryAyavAn hotA hai| jIva meM jJAna, guNa aura sukha duHkha Adi paryAya milate haiM, isalie vaha dravya hai / (2) mAtRkAnuyoga -- sat kA vicAra / jaise--- duvya utpAda, vyaya aura praunya yukta hone ke kAraNa sat hotA hai / jIva svarUpa kI dRSTi se dhruva hote hue bhI paryAya kI dRSTi se utpAdavyayadharma vAlA hai, isalie vaha sat hai /

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA (3) ekAthikAnuyoga-eka artha vAle zabdo kA vicaar| jaise-jIva, prANI, bhUta, sattva Adi-Adi jIva ke paryAyavAcI nAma hai | (4) karaNAnuyoga-sAdhana kA vicAra (sAdhakatama padArtha-mImAMsA) jese-jIva kAla, svabhAva, niyati, karma aura puruSArtha pAkara kArya me pravRtta hotA hai| (5) arpitAnarpitAnuyoga-mukhya aura gauNa kA vicAra (bhedAbheda'vivakSA) jaise-jIva ameda-dRSTi se jIva mAtra hai aura bheda-dRSTi kI apekSA vaha do prakAra kA hai-baddha aura mukta / baddha ke do bheda haiM-(1) sthAvara (2) trasa, aadi-aadi| (6) bhAvitAmAvitAnuyoga-anya se prabhAvita aura aprabhAvita vicaar| jaise-jIva kI ajIva dravya yA pudgala dravya prabhAvita azuddha dazAeM, pudgala mukta sthitiyA zuddha dshaaeN| (7) bAhyAbAhyAnuyoga-sAdRzya aura vaisAdRzya kA vicaar| jaise-sacetana jIva acetana AkAza se bAhya (visadRza ) hai aura AkAza kI bhAti jIva amUrta hai, isalie vaha AkAza se abAhya (sadRza) hai| (8) zAzvatAzAzvatAnuyoga-nityAnitya vicaar| jaise-dravya kI dRSTi se jIva anAdi-nidhana hai, paryAya kI dRSTi se vaha nae-nae paryAyo meM jAtA hai| (6) tathAzAnaanuyoga-samyag dRSTi jIva kA vicAra / (10) atathAjJAnaanuyoga-asamyag dRSTi jIva kA vicAra / eka viSaya para aneka vicArakoM kI aneka mAnyatAeM aneka nigamananiSkarSa hote haiN| jaise AtmA ke vAre me akriyAvAdInAstika * AtmA nahI hai / kriyAvAdI Astika darzano me:

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6] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA kathA tIna prakAra kI hotI hai 11 - ( 1 ) artha-kathA (2) dharma - kathA ( 3 ) kAma-kathA 12 | dharma-kathA ke cAra bheda haiM 93 | unameM dUsarA bheda hai-- vikSepaNI / isakA tAtparya hai -- dharma-kathA karane vAlA muni ( 1 ) apane siddhAnta kI sthApanA kara para siddhAnta kA nirAkaraNa kare 14 | athavA ( 2 ) para siddhAnta kA nirAkaraNa kara apane siddhAnta kI sthApanA kare / ( 3 ) para siddhAnta ke samyagvAda ko batAkara usake mithyAvAda ko batAe athavA ( 4 ) para siddhAnta ke mithyAvAda ko batAkara usake samyagvAda ko batAe / tIna prakAra kI vaktavyatA ' .15 SAMS ( 1 ) sva siddhAnta vaktavyatA / C (2) para siddhAnta vaktavyatA / (3) una dono kI vaktavyatA / sva siddhAnta kI sthApanA aura para siddhAnta kA nirAkaraNa vAda vidyA meM kuzala vyakti hI kara sakatA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pAsa samRddhavAdI sampadA thI / cAra sau muni vAdI the 16 | nau nipuNa puruSo meM vAdI ko nipuNa ( sUkSma jJAnI ) mAnA gayA hai 17 | bhagavAn mahAvIra ne haraNa ( dRSTAnta) aura hetu ke prayoga meM kuzala sAdhu ko hI dharma-kathA kA adhikArI batAyA hai ' " | isake atirikta cAra prakAra ke AharaNa aura usake cAra doSa, cAra prakAra ke hetu, chaha prakAra ke vivAda, dasa prakAra ke doSa, dasa prakAra ke vizeSa, Adeza (upacAra) Adi Adi kathAr3oM kA pracura mAtrA me nirUpaNa milatA hai / tarka - paddhati ke vikIrNa bIja jo milate haiM, unakA vyavasthita rUpa kyA thA, yaha samajhanA sulabha nahIM kintu isa para se itanA nizcita kahA jA sakatA hai ki jaina paramparA ke zrAgama yuga meM bhI parIkSA kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna rahA hai / kaI tIrthika nIva - hiMsAtmaka pravRttiyoM se 'siddhi' kI prApti batAte haiM, unake isa

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jaina darzana meM pramANa momAMsA [o D abhimata ko 'aparIkSya dRSTa' kahA gayA hai 19 | " sat-asat kI parIkSA kiye binA apane darzana kI zlAghA aura dUsare darzana kI garhA kara svayaM ko vidvAn samajhane vAle saMsAra se mukti nahI pAte " isalie jaina parIkSA paddhati kA yaha pradhAna pATha rahA hai ki "sva pakSa - siddhi aura para pakSa kI asiddhi karate samaya Atma-samAdhi vAle muni ko 'bahuguNa prakalpa' ke siddhAnta ko nahI bhUlanA cAhie / pratijJA, hetu, dRSTAnta, upanaya aura nigamana athavA madhyastha vacana (niSpakSa vacana ) ye bahu guNa kA sarjana karane vAle haiN| vAdakAla meM athavA sAdhAraNa vArtAlApa meM muni aise hetu Adi kA prayoga kare, jisase virodha na bar3he - hiMsA na bar3he 2 1 1 " vAdakAla meM hiMsA se bacAva karate hue bhI tattva - parIkSA ke lie prastuta rahate, tava unhe pramANa -mImAMsA kI apekSA hotI, yaha svayaM gamya hotA hai / jaina - sAhitya do bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai - ( 1 ) zrAgama aura ( 2 ) grantha | Agama ke do vibhAga haiM ---- aMga aura aMga atirikta upAMga | svataH pramANa hai | zraMga- atirikta sAhitya vahI pramANa hotA hai, jo aMga sAhitya kA visaMvAdI nahI hotA / kevalI, avadhi jJAnI, manaH paryava jJAnI, caturdazapUrvadhara, dazapUrvaghara aura navapUrva ghara ( dazaveM pUrva kI tIsarI AcAra-vastu sahita ) ye Agama kahalAte haiM / upacAra se inakI racanA ko bhI 'zrAgama' kahA jAtA hai 24 | anya sthavira yA AcAyo kI racanAo kI saMjJA 'grantha' hai| inakI prAmANikatA kA AdhAra Agama kI avisaMvAdakatA hai| aMga- sAhitya kI racanA bhagavAn mahAvIra kI upasthiti meM huI / bhagavAn ke nirvANa ke bAda inakA laghu-karaNa aura kaI Agamo kA saMkalana aura saMgrahaNa huA / inakA antima sthira rUpa vikrama kI 5 vI zatAbdI se hai / Agama- sAhitya ke AdhAra para pramANa zAstra kI rUpa-rekhA isa prakAra banatI hai--

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA 1-prameva st| sat ke tIna rUpa hai-utpAda, vyaya aura prauvya / utpAda aura vyaya kI smsstti-pryaay| dhauvy-gunn| guNa aura paryAya kI snsstti-drvy| sat25 utpAda vyaya ghrAvya caMtana pracalana | | mAnava saMvara nirjarA mokSa dharma, adharma AkAza, kAla, pudgala, puNya, pApa, bandha

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA 2-pramANa-yathArtha jJAna yA vyavasAya / [bhagavatI ke AdhAra para pramANa-vyavasthA 28] pramANa pratyakSa anumAna upamA Agama ' (zeSa anuyoga dvAravat) [sthAnAGga sUtra ke AdhAra para pramANa-vyavasthA ] vyavasAya - pratyakSa prAtyayika Anugamika athavA-(dvitIya prakAra 30) zAna do prakAra kA hotA hai-1-pratyakSa 2-parokSa pratyakSa ke do bheda...1- kevala jJAna 2-no kevala-jJAna kevala-zAna ke do bheda...1---bhavastha kevala jJAna 2-siddha kevala-zAna bhavastha kevala-bAna ke do meda...1-saMyogi-bhavastha kevala jJAna / 2-ayogi-bhavastha kevala-zAna saMyogi-bhavastha kevala-jJAna ke do bheda': (1) prathama samaya saMyogi-bhavastha kevala-jJAna (2) aprathama samaya saMyogi-bhavastha-kevala-jJAna , athavA-[1] carama samaya saMyogi-bhavastha kevala-zAna [2] acarama samaya saMyogi-bhavastha kevala zAna ayogi-bhavastha kevala jAna ke do meda (1) prathama samaya ayogi-bhavastha kevala-zAna (2) aprathama samaya ayogi . bhavastha kevala jnyaan| / athavA-(1) carama samaya ayogi-bhavastha kevala-jJAta

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10] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA (2) acarama- samaya ayogi bhavastha kevala-zAna siddha kevala-jJAna ke do bheda............(1) anantara siddha kevala-jJAna . (2) parampara-siddha kevala-zAna anantara siddha kevala-jJAna ke do bheda......(1) ekAntara siddha kevala-jJAna - (2) anekAntara siddha-kevala-jJAna parampara-siddha kevala jJAna ke do bheda......(1) eka parampara-siddha kevala jJAna (2) aneka paramparasiddha kevala-jJAna no kevala jJAna ke do bheda.............. (1) avadhi-zAna ( 2 ) manaH paryava jJAma avadhi zAna ke do bheda. ........... (1) bhava-praprAtyayika * . (2) kSAyopazamika manaH paryava ke do bheda...............(1) anumati (2) vipulamati parokSa jJAna ke do bheda...............(1) Aminibodhika jAna (2) zrutajJAna Aminibodhika jJAna ke do bheda.........(1) zruta-nizrita (2) azruta nizrita . zruta-nizrita ke do bheda..............(1) arthAvagraha (2) vyaJjanA vagraha aznuta-nizrita ke do bheda........ ......(1) arthAvagraha (2) vyaJjanA vagraha athavA-tRtIya prakAra pratyakSa parokSa anumAna Agama (anuyoga32 dvAra ke AdhAra para pramANa-vyavasthA)

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pratyakSa I indriya pratyakSa jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsA jJAna- pramANa anumAna no indriya zrotra, prANa, jihvA, sparzana, catu upamAna pratyakSa indriya pratyakSa p zrotra prANa jihvA sparzana catu Agama avadhi manaHparyava kevala -- ( nandI sUtra ke AdhAra para pramANa-vyavasthA ) jJAna pratyakSa 1 no indriya pratyakSa parokSa avadhi manaHparyava kevala mati t 99 zruta zruta nizrita azruta nizrita (savikalpaka pratyakSa) autpattikI vainayikI kAmikI pAriNAmakI

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12] jaina darzana maiM pramANa mImAMsA anumAna kA parivAra : svArthAnumAna pakSa-sAdhana 3- pramiti -pramANa phala : anantara ajJAna - nivRtti anumAna parArthAnumAna I pratijJA-hetu udAharaNa 33 cAra prakAra ke hetu 3 :(1) vidhi-sAdhaka pramiti heya-buddhi, 4 -- pramAtA - jJAtA - AtmA / 5 -- vicAra - paddhati - anekAnta-dRSTi parampara prameya kA yathArtha svarupa samajhane ke lie sat-asat, nitya-anitya, sAmAnya- vizeSa, nirvacanIya anirvacanIya Adi virodhI dharma-yugaloM kA eka hI vastu meM apekSAbheda se svIkAra / 6 - vAkya-prayoga ---- syAdavAda aura sadavAda : J 1 (ka) syAdavAda - akhaNDa vastu kA apekSA -dRSTi se eka dharma ko mukhya aura zeSa saba dharmoM ko usake antarhita kara pratipAdana karane vAlA vAkya 'pramANa vAkya' hai| isake tIna rUpa haiM : - ( 1 ) syAt asti ( 2 ) syAtnAsti / ( 3 ) syAt-avaktavya / I (kha) sadavAda -- trastu ke eka dharma kA pratipAdana karane vAlA vAkya 'naya-vAkya' hai| isake sAta meda haiM- (1) naigama ( 2 ) saMgraha ( 3 ) vyavahAra (4) RjusUtra ( 5 ) zabda ( 6 ) samabhirUr3ha (7) evambhUta | hetu mAdhyastha-buddhi vidhi - hetu /

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jaina darzana meM pramANa momosA [13 (2) niSedha-sAdhaka vidhi-hetu| (3) vidhi-sAdhaka niSedha hetu / (4) niSedha-sAdhaka niSedha hetu / dvitIya prakAra : cAra prakAra ke hetu :(ka) yApaka-samaya yApaka hetu| vizeSaNa bahula, jise prativAdI zIghra na samajha ske| (kha) sthApaka-prasiddha-vyAsika sAdhya ko zIghra sthApita karane vAlA hetu / (ga) vyaMsaka prativAdI ko chala meM DAlane vAlA hetu / (gha) jUSaka-vyaMsaka se prApta Apatti ko dUra karane vAlA hetu| AharaNa cAra prakAra ke bAharaNa35(ka) apAya :-heyadharma kA jJApaka dRSTAnta / (kha) upAya :-grAhya vastu ke upAya batAne vAlA dRSTAnta / (ga) sthApanA karma-svAbhimata kI sthApanA ke lie prayukta kiyA jAne vAlA dRSTAnta / (gha) dravyutpanna-vinAza :-utpanna dUSaNa kA parihAra karane ke lie prayuka kiyA jAne vAlA dRSTAnta / AharaNa ke doSa cAra prakAra ke bAharaNa-doSa 3:(ka) adharmayukta :-adharmabuddhi utpanna karane vAlA dRSTAnta / (kha) pratiloma :-apasiddhAnta kA prativAdaka dRSTAnta / athavA-"zaThe zAThyasamAcaret - aisI pratikUlatA kI zikSA dene vAlA dRssttaant| (ga) AtmopanIta:-paramata me doSa dikhAne ke lie dRSTAnta rakhanA, jisase svamata dUSita bana jaae| (gha) durupanIta :doSapUrNa nigamana vAlA dRSTAnta /

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14) jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA vAda ke doSa (1) tajjAta doSa-vAdakAla meM AcaraNa Adi kA doSa batAnA athavA prativAdI se kSubdha hokara mauna ho jaanaa| '' (2) matibhaga doSa-tattva kI vismRti ho jaanaa| - . (3) prazAstu doSa-samAnAyaka yA sabhya kI ora se hone vAlA pramAda / (4) pariharaNa doSa-apane darzana kI maryAdA yA loka-rUr3hi ke anusAra anAsevya kA Asevana karanA athavA Asevya kA Asevana nahIM karanA athavA vAdI dvArA upanyasta hetu ko samyak pratikAra na krnaa| (5) svalakSaNa doSa-anyApti, ativyAsi, asambhava / (6) kAraNa-doSa-kAraNa jJAta na hone para padArtha ko ahetuka mAna lenA1 (7) hetu-doSa-asiddha, viruddha, anaikAntikaM / (8) saMkrAmaNa-doSa-prastuta prameya meM aprastuta 'prameya kA samAveza karanA athavA paramata kA ajJAna jisa tattva ko svIkAra nahIM _ . karatA use usakA mAnya tattva btlaanaa| ' (6) nigraha-doSa :-bala Adi se nigRhIta ho jaanaa| (10) vastu doSa (pakSa-doSa) 1-pratyakSanirAkRta-zabda azrAvaNa haiN| 2-anumAna " zabda nitya hai| 3-pratIti , zazI acandra hai| 4- sva vacana , maiM kahatA hU~, vaha mithyA hai| 5--lokarUr3hi. , manuSya kI khopar3I pavitra hai| vivAda38 / (1) apasaraNa-avasara lAbha ke lie yena-kena prakAreNa samaya bitaanaa| (2) utsukIkaraNa-avasara milane para utsuka ho jaya ke lie vAda krnaa| (3) anulomana-vivAdAdhyakSa ko 'sAma' Adi nIti ke dvArA anukUla banAkara athavA kucha samaya ke lie prativAdI kA pakSa svIkAra kara use anukUla banAkara vAda krnaa|

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [15 (4) pratilomana - sarva sAmarthya - dazA meM vivAdAdhyakSa athavA prativAdI ko pratikUla banAkara, vAda karanA / (5.) saMsevana - adhyakSa ko prasanna rakha vAda karanA / (6) mizrIkaraNa yA meTana -- nirNaya dAtAoM meM apane samarthako ko mizrita karake athavA unhe ( nirNaya dAtAoM ko ) - prativAdI kA virodhI banAkara vAda karanA / pramANa vyavasthA kA Agamika AdhAra ( 1 ) prameya : prameya ananta dharmAtmaka hotA hai / isakA AdhAra yaha hai ki vastu meM ananta paryava hote haiN| (2) pramANa :-- pramANa kI paribhASA hai--vyavasAyI jJAna yA yathArtha jJAna / inameM pahalI kA AdhAra sthAnAta ( 3-3-185 ) kA 'vyavasAya' zabda hai / dUsarI kA AdhAra jJAna aura pramANa kA pRthaka-pRthak nirdezana hai| jJAna yathArtha aura . ayathArtha donoM prakAra kA hotA hai, isalie jJAna sAmAnya ke nirUpaNa meM jJAna pAMca batalAye haiM 3 pramANa yathArtha jJAna hI hotA hai / isalie yathArtha jJAna ke nirUpaNa meM ve do bana jAte haiM 40 / pratyakSa aura parokSa / (3) anumAna kA parivAra : anuyoga dvAra ke anusAra zrutajJAna parArtha aura zeSa saba jJAna svArtha haiM / isa dRSTi se sabhI pramANa jo jJAnAtmaka haiM, svArtha haiM aura vacanAtmaka haiM, ve parArtha haiN| isIke AdhAra para AcArya siddhasena, 4 1 vAdI devasUri pratyakSa ko parArtha mAnate haiM *" | anumAna, zrAgama Adi kI svArtha parArtha rUpa dvividhatA kA yahI AdhAra hai| (4) pramiti : pramANa kA sAkSAt phala hai ajJAna nivRtti aura vyavahita phala hai heyabuddhi aura madhyasthabuddhi | isakA zrAdhAra zravaNa, jJAna, vijJAna, pratyAkhyAna aura saMyama kA krama hai| zravaNa kA phala jJAna, jJAna kA vijJAna, vijJAna kA

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16] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA pratyAkhyAna aura pratyAkhyAna kA phala hai sNym| darzanAvaraNa ke vilaya se 'sunanA' milatA hai| zruta-artha meM zAnAvaraNa ke vilaya se avagraha, ihA, avAya aura dhAraNA-ye hote haiN| inase jJAna hotA hai, ajJAna kI nivRtti hotI hai| ajJAna kI nivRtti hone para vijJAna hotA hai-heya, upAdeya kI buddhi banatI hai| isake bAda heya kA pratyAkhyAna tyAga hotA hai / tyAga ke pazcAt saMyama / AdhyAtmika dRSTi se yAvanmAtra para-saMyoga hai, vaha heya hai| para-saMyoga miTane para saMyama AtA hai, apanI sthiti meM ramaNa hotA hai / vaha bAhara se nahIM AtA, isalie upAdeya kucha bhI nahI / laukika dRSTi meM heya aura upAdeya dono hote haiN| jo vastu na grAhya hotI hai aura na agrAhya, vahA~ madhyastha buddhi vanatI hai athavA harSa aura zoka donoM se bace rahanA, vaha madhyastha buddhi hai / inake atirikta vyAsi, abhAva, upacAra Adi ke bhI bIja milate haiN| jaina pramANa aura parIkSA paddhati kA vikAsa inhI ke AdhAra para huA hai| dUsare darzanI ke upayogI aMza apanAne meM jainAcAryoM ko kabhI Apatti nahIM rahI hai| unhone anya-paramparAno kI naI sUkoM kA hamezA Avara kiyA hai aura apanAyA hai| phira bhI yaha nirvivAda hai ki unakI nyAya-paramparA sarvathA svatantra aura maulika hai aura bhAratIya nyAya-zAstra ko usakI eka bar3I dena hai| anekAnta vyavasthA Agama sAhitya meM sirpha jJAna aura jeya kI prakIrNa mImAMsA hI nahI 'milatI, unakI vyavasthA bhI milatI hai| sUtra kRtAGga (2-5) meM vicAra aura AcAra, donoM ke bAre meM anekAnta kA talasparzI vivecana milatA hai| bhagavatI aura sUtrakRtAGga meM aneka matavAdI kA nirAkaraNa kara svapakSa kI sthApanA kI gaI hai| ina vikharI muktAoM ko eka dhAge meM pirone kA kAma pahale-pahala AcArya 'umAsvAti' ne kiyaa| unakA tattvArtha sUtra jaina nyAya vikAsa kI pahalI razmi hai| yoM kahanA cAhie ki vikrama pahalI-cUsarI zatAbdI ke lagabhaga jainaparamparA meM 'pramANa nayairadhimam' sUtra ke rUpa meM svatantra parIkSA-zailI kA zilAnyAsa hu -

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsA [ 17 dhArmika matavAdo ke pArasparika saMgharSa jyoM-jyoM bar3hane lage aura apanI mAnyatAo ko yuktiyo dvArA samarthita karanA anivArya ho gayA, taba jaina nAyoM ne bhI apanI dizA badalI, apane siddhAntoM ko yukti kI kasauTI para kama kara janatA ke sAmane rkhaa| isa kAla meM anekAnta kA vikAsa huna / ahiMsA kI sAdhanA jainAcAryoM kA pahalA lakSya thA / usase haTakara matapracAra karane ko ve kabhI lAlAyita nahIM hue| sAdhu ke lie pahale 'AtmAnukampI' (ahiMsA kI sAdhanA meM kuzala ) honA jarUrI hai| jainaAcAyoM kI dRSTi meM vivAda yA zuSka tarka kA sthAna kaisA thA, isa para mahAn tArkika zrAcArya siddhasena kI "vAdadvAtriMzikA " pUrA prakAza DAlatI hai45 / haribhadrasUri kA vAdASTaka bhI zuSka tarka para sIdhA prahAra hai| jainAcAryo ne tArkika Aloka meM utarane kI pahala nahI kI, isakA artha unakI tArkika durbalatA nahIM kintu samatAvRtti hI thii| vAda- kathA kSetra me eka aura gautama pradarzita chala, jalpa, vitaMDA, jAti nigraha kI vyavasthA aura dUsarI ora ahiMsA kA mArga ki - " anya tIdhoM ke sAtha vAda karane ke samaya zrAtma-samAdhi vAlA muni satya ke sAdhaka pratijJA, hetu aura udAharaNa kA prayoga kare aura yo vole ki jyo pratipakSI apanA virodhI na bane " 4 6 / satya kA zodhaka aura sAdhaka " apratijJa hotA hai vaha zramatya-tattva kA samarthana karane kI pratijJA nahI rakhatA " - yaha eka samasyA thI, isako pAra karane ke lie anekAnta dRSTi kA sahArA liyA gayA 47 | anekAnta ke vistAraka zvetAmbara - paramparA meM "siddhasena" aura digambaraparamparA me 'samantabhadra' hue| unakA samaya vikrama kI pUrvI 6ThI zatI ke lagabhaga mAnA jAtA hai / siddhasena ne 32 dvAtriMzikA aura sanmati kI racanA karake yaha siddha kiyA ki nirgrantha-pravacana nayo kA samUha vividha sApekSa dRSTiyoM kA samanvaya hai 49] ekAnta-dRSTi mithyA hotI hai| usake dvArA 'satya' nahI pakar3A jA sakatA / jitane para samaya haiM, ve saba nayavAda haiN| eka dRSTi ko hI ekAnta rUpa se pakar3e hue haiN| isalie ve satya kI ora nahIM le jA sakate / jina-pravacana meM nityavAda, anityavAda, kAla, svabhAva, niyati Adi sava Tiyo kA samanvaya honA haiM, isalie yaha "satya" kA sIdhA mArga hai /

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1] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA isI prakAra AcArya samantabhadra ne apanI prasiddha kRti prApta mImAsA me vItarAga ko Ata siddha kara unakI anekAnta vANI se 'sat' kA yathArtha jJAna hone kA vijaya ghoSa kiyaa| unhoMne asti, nAsti, asti-nAsti aura avaktavya-ina cAra bhaMgoM ke dvArA sadekAntavAdI sAMkhya, asadekAntavAdI mAdhyamika, sarvathA ubhayavAdI vaizeSika aura avAcyaikAntavAdI bauddha ke durAgrahavAda kA bar3I saphalatA se nirAkaraNa kiyaa| bheda-ekAnta, abheda ekAnta Adi aneka ekAnta pakSo meM doSa dikhAkara anekAnta kI vyApaka sattA kA patha prazasta kara diyaa| syAdavAda-saptabhagI aura naya kI vizada yojanA meM ina dono AcAryoM kI lekhanI kA camatkAra Aja bhI sarva sammata hai| pramANa-vyavasthA prAcArya siddhasena ke nyAyAvatAra meM pratyakSa, parokSa, anumAna aura usake avayavo kI carcA pramANa-zAstra kI svatantra racanA kA dvAra khola detI hai / phira bhI usakI AtmA zaizavakAlIna-sI lagatI hai| ise yauvana zrI taka le jAne kA zreya digambara AcArya akalaMka ko hai| unakA samaya vikrama kI AThavI nauvI zatAbdI haiN| unake 'laghIyastraya', 'nyAya vinizcaya' aura 'pramANa-saMgraha' meM milane vAlI pramANa-vyavasthA pUrNa vikasita hai| uttaravattI zvetAmbara aura digambara dono dhArAzro me use sthAna milA hai| isake bAda samaya-samaya para aneka prAcAryoM dvArA lAkSaNika grantha likhe ge| dasavIM zatAbdI kI racanA mANikyanadI kA 'parIkSA mukha maNDana', bArahavIM zatAbdI kI racanA vAdidevasUrI kA pramANa naya tattvAloka' aura AcArya hemacandra kI 'pramANa-mImAMsA', pandrahavI zatAbdI kI racanA dharmabhUSaNa kI 'nyAyadIpikA', 18vI zatAbdI kI racanA yazovijayajI kI 'jaina tarka bhASA'-yaha kAphI prasiddha hai| inake atirikta bahuta sAre lAkSaNika grantha abhI taka aprasiddha bhI par3e haiN| ina lAkSaNika granthoM ke atirikta dArzanika carcA aura pramANa ke lakSaNa kI sthApanA aura utthApanA meM jinakA yoga hai, ve bhI pracura mAtrA meM haiN|

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19-36 pramANa pramANa kA lakSaNa jJAna kI karaNatA pramANa kI paribhASA kA kramika-pariSkAra prAmANya kA niyAmaka tattva prAmANya aura aprAmANya kI utpatti prAmANya nizcaya ke do rUpa svataH aura parataH svata. prAmANya nizcaya parataH prAmANya nizcaya ayathArtha jJAna yA samAropa viparyaya sazaya anadhyavasAya ayathArtha jJAna ke hetu ayathArtha jJAna ke do pahalU pramANa-saMkhyA pramANa-meda kA nimitta pramANa-vibhAga jJAna

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pramANa kA lakSaNa yathArtha jJAna pramANa hai| jJAna aura pramANa kA vyApya vyApaka sambandha hai / jJAna vyApaka hai aura pramANa vyApya / jJAna yathArtha aura yathArtha dono prakAra kA hotA hai / samyaka nirNAyaka jJAna yathArtha hotA hai aura saMzaya viparyaya Adi jJAna yathArtha / pramANa sirpha yathArtha jJAna hotA hai / vastu kA saMzaya Adi se rahita jo nizcita jJAna hotA hai, vaha pramANa hai 1 1 jJAna kI karaNatA pramANa kA mAmAnya lakSaNa hai- 'pramAyAH karaNaM pramANam ' pramA kA karaNa hI pramANa hai / tadvati tatprakArAnubhavaH pramA' - jo vastu jaisI hai usako vaise hI jAnanA 'pramA' hai / karaNa kA artha hai sAdhakatama / eka artha kI siddhi meM aneka sahayogI hote haiM kintu ve sava 'karaNa' nahI kahalAte / phala kI siddhi me jinakA vyApAra vyavahita ( prakRSTa upakAraka ) hotA hai vaha 'karaNa' kahalAtA hai / kalama banAne me hAtha aura cAkU dono calate haiM kintu karaNa cAkU hI hogA / kalama kATane kA nikaTatama sambandha cAkU se hai, hAtha se usake bAda / isalie hAtha sAdhaka aura cAkU sAdhakatama khlaaegaa| 1 pramANa ke sAmAnya lakSaNa meM kisI ko Apatti nahI hai / vivAda kA viSaya 'karaNa' banatA hai ( bauddha sArUpya aura yogyatA ko 'karaNa' mAnate haiM, ' naiyAyika sannikarSa aura jJAna ina donoM ko, isa dazA meM jaina sirpha jJAna ko hI karaNa mAnate haiM 21) sannikarSa, yogyatA Adi artha bodha kI sahAyaka sAmagrI hai| usakA nikaTa sambandhI jJAna hI hai aura vahI jJAna aura jJeya ke bIca samvandha sthApita karatA hai / QmANa kA phala hotA hai ajJAna nivRtti, iSTa-vastu kA grahaNa aura aniSTa vastu kA tyAga yaha saba pramANa ko jJAna svarUpa mAne vinA ho nahIM sakatA / isalie artha ke samyak anubhava meM 'karaNa' banane kA zreya jJAna ko hI mila sakatA hai /

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22] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA pramANa kI paribhASA kA kramika pariSkAra prAmANika kSetra meM pramANa kI aneka dhArAeM vahI, taba jaina AcAryoM ko bhI pramANa kI khamantavya-poSaka eka paribhASA nizcita karanI pdd'ii| jaina vicAra ke anusAra pramANa kI AtmA 'nirNAyaka zAna' hai| jaisA ki AcArya vidyAnanda ne likhA hai 'tattvArthavyavasAyAtmajJAnaM maanmitiiytaa| lakSaNena gatArthatvAt, vyarthamanyada vizeSaNam // ' -tattvA0 zlo0 1-10-77 // padArtha kA nizcaya karane vAlA zAna 'pramANa' hai| yaha pramANa kA lakSaNa paryAsa hai aura saba vizeSaNa vyartha haiM kintu phira bhI paribhASA ke pIche jo kaI vizeSaNa lage usake mukhya tIna kAraNa haiM (1) dUsaroM ke pramANa-lakSaNa se apane lakSaNa kA pRthakkaraNa / (2) dUsaro ke lAkSaNika dRSTikoNa kA nirAkaraNa / (3) vAdhA kA nirsn| prAcArya siddhasena ne pramANa kA lakSaNa batalAyA hai-'pramANaM khaparAmAsi jJAnaM bAdhavivarjitam / sva aura para ko prakAzita karane vAlA abAdhita jJAna pramANa hai|) parokSa jJAnavAdI mImAMsaka jJAna ko svaprakAzita nahIM maante| unake mata se 'zAna hai'-isakA patA artha prAkcyAtmaka arthApatti se lagatA hai| dUsare zabdo me, unakI dRSTi meM jJAna arthajJAnAnumeya hai| artha ko hama jAnate haiM - yaha arthajAna (artha prAkaTya hai)| hama artha ko jAnate hai isase patA calatA hai ki artha ko jAnane vAlA jJAna hai| artha kI jAnakArI ke dvArA jJAna kI jAnakArI hotI hai' yaha parokSa zanavAda hai / / gAnAntaravedya zAnavAdI naiyAyika-vaizeSika jJAna ko gAnAntaravedya mAnate haiN| unake matAnusAra prathama jJAna kA pratyakSa ekAtma-samavAyI dUsare zAna se hotA hai| IzvarIya jJAna ke atirikta saba jJAna paramakAzita haiM, prameya haiN| acaMtana mAnavAdI sAkhya prakRti-paryAyAtmaka jJAna ko acetana mAnate haiN| unakI dRSTi meM jJAna prakRti kI paryAya-vikAra hai, isalie vaha acetana hai|

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jaina darzana meM pramANa momAMsA [23 ukta paribhASA meM AyA huA 'sva-AbhAsi' zabda inake nirAkaraNa kI aura saketa karatA hai| jaina-dRSTi ke anusAra jJAna 'sva-avamAsi' hai / jJAna kA svarUpa jJAna hai, yaha jAnane ke lie artha prAkaTya (artha vodha) kI apekSA nahIM hai / (1) jJAna prameya hI nahIM, Izvara ke jJAna kI bhAMti pramANa bhI hai| (2)jJAna acetana nahIM-jar3a prakRti kA vikAra nahI, AtmA kA guNa hai / ___ jJAnAdvaitavAdI bauddha jJAna ko hI paramArtha-sat mAnate hai, bAhya padArtha ko nahI / isakA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie 'para prAmAmi' vizeSaNa jor3A gyaa| jaina dRSTi ke anumAra zana kI bhAti vAhya vastuoM kI bhI pAramArthikasattA hai / viparyaya Adi pramANa nahI haiM, yaha batalAne ke lie 'bAdha vivarjita' vizeSaNa hai| samUcA lakSaNa tatkAla pracalita lakSaNo se jaina lakSaNa kA pRthakkaraNa karane ke lie hai| AcArya akalaka ne pramANa ke lakSaNa meM 'anadhigatArthagrAhI' vizeSaNa lagAkara eka naI paramparA zurU kara dii| isa para vauddha AcArya dharmakIrti kA prabhAva par3A aisA pratIta hotA hai| nyAya-vaizepika aura mImAsaka 'dhArAvAhika zAna' (adhigata jJAna-gRhItayAhI jJAna ) ko pramANa mAnane ke pakSa meM the aura bauddha vipakSa me / prAcArya akalaka ne vauddha darzana kAsAtha diyaa| AcArya akalaka kA pratibimba AcArya mANikya nandI para pdd'aa| unhone yaha mAnA ki 'svApUrvArtha vyavasAyAtmakaM jJAna pramANam'-sva aura pUrva artha kA nizcaya karane vAlA jJAna pramANa hai | imame AcArya akalaka ke mata kA 'apUrva' zabda ke dvArA samarthana kiyaa| vAdideva sUrI ne 'svaparavyavasAyijJAna pramANam' isa sUtra meM mANikya nandI ke 'apUrva' zabda ko dhyAna nahI diyA / isa kAla meM do dhArAe cala pdd'ii| digambara AcAryoM ne gRhIta-mAhI

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24] jaina darzana meM pramANa momAsI dhArAvAhI jJAna ko pramANa nahIM maanaa| zvetAmvara prAcArya isako pramANa mAnate the| digambara AcArya vidyAnanda ne isa prazna ko khar3A karanA ucita hI nahIM samajhA unhone bar3I upekSA ke sAtha vatAyA ki 'gRhItamagRhItaM vA, svArtha yadi vyavasyati / tanna loke na zAstreSu, vijahAti pramANatAm / / -zloka vArtika 1-10-78 // . sva aura para kA nizcaya karane vAlA jJAna pramANa hai, cAhe vaha gRhItagrAhI ho, cAhe agRhiitgraahii| ___AcArya hemacandra ne lakSaNa-sUtra kA pariSkAra hI nahIM kiyA kintu eka aisI vAta sujhAI, jo unakI sUkSma tarka-dRSTi kI paricAyaka hai-zAna svaprakAzI hotA avazya hai, phira bhI vaha pramANa kA lakSaNa nahIM banatA 11 kAraNa ki pramANa kI bhAMti apramANa-saMzaya viparyaya jJAna bhI svasavidita hotA hai| pUrvAcAryoM ne "svanirNaya ko lakSaNa meM rakhA hai, vaha parIkSA ke lie hai, isalie vahA~ koI doSa nahIM AtA" yaha likha kara unhone apane pUrvajo ke prati atyanta Adara sUcita kiyA hai| AcArya, hemacandra kI paribhASA-'samyagarthanirNayaH pramANam'- artha kA samyak nirNaya pramANa hai| yaha jaina-pramANa-lakSaNa kA antima pariSkRta rUpa hai| AcArya tulasI ne 'yathArthajJAna pramANam'-yathArtha (samyak ) jJAna pramANa hai ) isameM artha pada ko bhI nahIM rakhA / jJAna ke yathArtha aura ayathAryaye do rUpa bAhya padArthoM ke prati usakA vyApAra hotA hai, tava banate haiN| isalie artha ke nirNaya kA bodha 'yathArtha' pada apane Apa karA detA hai " yadi vAhya artha ke prati jJAna kA vyApAra nahIM hotA to lakSaNa me yathArtha-pada ke prayoga kI koI AvazyakatA hI nahIM hotii| prAmANya kA niyAmaka tattva / pramANa satya hotA hai, isameM koI dvaidha nahIM, phira mI satya kI kasauTI savakI eka nahIM hai| jJAna kI satyatA yA prAmANya ke niyAmaka tatva bhinnabhinna mAne jAte haiN| jaina dRSTi ke anusAra vaha yAthArthya hai| yAthArthya kA

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [25 --artha hai--'jJAna kI tathya ke sAtha saMgati' 1) / jJAna apane prati satya hI hotA hai| prameya ke sAtha usakI saMgati nizcita nahIM hotI, isalie usake do rUpa banate haiM--- tathya ke sAtha saMgati ho, vaha satya jJAna aura tathya ke sAtha saMgati na ho, vaha asatya jJAna / abAdhitattva, aprasiddha artha khyApana yA apUrva arthaprApaNa, zravisaMvAditva yA saMvAdIpravRtti, pravRttisAmarthya yA kriyAtmaka upayogitA -- ye satya kI kasauTiyA haiM, jo bhinna-bhinna dArzanikoM dvArA svIkRta aura nirAkRta hotI rahI haiM / (AcArya vidyAnanda abAdhitatvabAdhaka pramANa ke abhAva yA kathanI ke pArasparika sAmaJjasya ko prAmANya kA niyAmaka mAnate haiM 16 | sammati- TIkAkAra prAcArya abhayadeva isakA nirAkaraNa karate haiM 17 | AcArya akalaMka bauddha aura mImAsaka aprasiddha artha - khyApana ( ajJAta artha ke jJApana) ko prAmANya kA niyAmaka mAnate haiM 18 | vAdideva sUri aura AcArya hemacandra isakA nirAkaraNa karate haiM 19 / 1 saMvAdIpravRtti aura pravRttisAmarthya - ina donoM kA vyavahAra sarva sammata hai kintu ye prAmANya ke mukhya niyAmaka nahI bana sakate / saMvAdaka jJAna prameyAvyabhicArI jJAna kI bhAti vyApaka nahI hai / pratyeka nirNaya me tathya ke sAtha jJAna kI sagati apekSita hotI hai, vaise saMvAdaka jJAna pratyeka nirNaya me apekSita nahI hotA / vaha kvacit hI satya ko prakAza meM lAtA hai| pravRtti sAmarthya artha siddhi kA dUsarA rUpa hai| jJAna taba taka satya nahIM hotA, jaba taka vaha phaladAyaka pariNAmoM dvArA prAmANika nahIM bana jAtA / yaha bhI sArvadika satya nahIM hai / isake binA bhI tathya ke sAtha jJAna kI saMgati hotI hai / kvacit yaha 'satya kI kasauTI' banatA hai, isalie yaha amAnya bhI nahI hai / prAmANya aura aprAmANya kI utpatti prAmANya aura aprAmANya kI utpatti parataH hotI hai / jAnotpAdaka sAmagrI meM milane vAle guNa aura doSa kramazaH - prAmANya aura prAmAraya ke nimitta banate hai 0 // vivizeSaNa sAmagrI se yadi ye dono utpanna hote to inheM svataH mAnya

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26] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA jAtA kintu aisA hotA nahIM / ye dono savizeSaNa sAmagrI se paidA hote haiM; jaise guNavat-sAmagrI se prAmANya aura doSavat-sAmagrI se aprAmANya / artha kA pariccheda pramANa aura apramANa dono meM hotA hai| kintu apramANa (saMzaya-viparyaya) meM artha-pariccheda yathArtha nahIM hotA aura pramANa meM vaha yathArtha hotA hai| ayathArtha-pariccheda kI bhAti yathArtha pariccheda bhI sahetuka hotA hai| dopa miTa jAe, mAtra isase yathArthatA nahIM aatii| vaha vaba AtI hai, jaba guNa usake kAraNa bne| jo kAraNa banegA vaha 'para' khlaaegaa| ye dono vizeSa sthiti sApekSa hai, isalie inakI utpatti 'para' se hotI hai| prAmANya nizcaya ke do rUpa svataH aura parataH25 jAnane ke sAtha-sAtha "yaha jAnanA ThIka hai" aisA nizcaya hotA hai, vaha svataH nizcaya hai| jAnane ke sAtha-sAtha "yaha jAnanA ThIka hai" aisA nizcaya nahIM hotA taya dUsarI kAraNa sAmagrI se saMvAdaka pratyaya se usakA nizcaya kiyA jAtA hai, yaha parataH nizcaya hai (jaina prAmANya aura aprAmANya ko svataH bhI mAnate hai aura parataH bhii)| svataH prAmANya nizcaya viSaya kI paricita dazA meM jJAna kI svataH prAmANikatA hotI hai| isameM prathama jJAna kI sacAI jAnane ke lie vizeSa kAraNo kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotii| jaise koI vyakti apane mitra ke ghara kaI bAra gayA huA hai / usase bhalImAti paricita hai / vaha mitra gRha ko dekhate hI nissandeha usameM praviSTa ho jAtA hai / "yaha mere mitra kA ghara hai" aisA jJAna hone ke samaya hI uma jAnagata sacAI kA nizcaya nahI hotA to vaha usa ghara meM praviSTa nahIM hotaa| parataH prAmANya nizcaya viSaya kI aparicita dazA meM prAmANya kA nizcaya parataH hotA hai / zAna kI kAraNa sAmagrI se usakI sacAI kA patA nahI lagatA taba vizeSa kAraNA kI sahAyatA se usakI prAmANiktAjAnI jAtI hai, yahI parataH pramiANya hai| pahale sune hue cihoM ke AdhAra para apane mitra ke ghara ke pAsa pahuMca jAtA hai,

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [27 phira bhI use yaha sandeha ho sakatA hai ki yaha ghara mere mitra kA hai yA kisI dUsare kA ? usa samaya kisI jAnakAra vyakti se pUchane para prathama jJAna kI sacAI mAlUma ho jAtI hai| yahA~ jJAna kI sacAI kA dUsare kI sahAyatA se patA lagA, isalie yaha parataH prAmANya hai| vizeSa kAraNa sAmagrI ke do prakAra hai-(1) saMvAdaka pramANa athavA (2) bAdhaka pramANa kA abhAva / jisa pramANa se pahale pramANa kI sacAI kA nizcaya hotA hai, usakA prAmANya-nizcaya parataH nahI hotaa| pahale pramANa ke prAmANya kA nizcaya karAne vAle pramANa kI prAmANikatA parataH mAnane para pramANa kI zRGkhalA kA anta nahIM hotA aura na antima nizcaya hI hAtha lagatA hai| saMvAdaka pramANa kisI dUsare pramANa kA RNI bana kara sahI jAnakArI nahIM detA / kAraNa ki use jAnakArI dene ke samaya usakA jJAna karanA nahIM hai| ataH usake lie svataH yA parataH kA prazna hI nahIM utthtaa| "prAmANya kA nizcaya svataH aura parataH hotA hai22," yaha vibhAga viSaya (grAhyavastu) kI apekSA se hai / jJAna ke svarUpa grahaNa kI apekSA usakA prAmANya nizcaya apane Apa hotA hai| ayathArtha jJAna yA samAropa (viparyaya, saMzaya aura anadhyavasAya ) eka rassI ke bAre meM cAra vyaktiyo ke jJAna ke cAra rUpa haiM :pahalA yaha rassI hai-yathArtha jJAna / dUsarA yaha saoNpa hai--viparyaya / tIsarA yaha rassI hai yA saoNpa hai 1-sazaya / cauthA-rassI ko dekha kara bhI anyamanaskatA ke kAraNa grahaNa nahIM karatAanadhyavasAya / pahale vyakti kA jJAna sahI hai / yahI pramANa hotA hai, jo pahale batAyA jA cukA hai| zeSa tInoM vyaktiyo ke jJAna meM vastu kA samyaka nirNaya nahIM hotA, isalie ve ayathArtha haiN| viparyaya23 viparyaya nizcayAtmaka hotA hai kintu nizcaya padArtha ke asalI svarUpa ke viparIta hotA hai / jitanI nirapekSa ekAnta-dRSTiyA hotI haiM, ve saba viparyaya

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25] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA padArtha kI koTi meM AtI hai / padArtha apanI guNAtmaka sattA kI dRSTi se nitya hai aura avasthAbheda kI dRSTi se anitya / isalie usakA samaSTi rUpa banatA hai ---- padArtha nitya bhI hai aura anitya bhI / yaha samyak jJAna hai isake viparIta - padArtha nitya hI hai athavA padArtha anitya hI hai - yaha viparyaya jJAna hai / ( anekAnta dRSTi se kahA jA sakatA hai ki 'padArtha kathaMcit nitya hI hai, kathaMcit anitya hI hai|' yaha nirapekSa nahIM kintu kathacit yAnI guNAtmaka sattA kI apekSA nitya hI hai aura pariNamana kI apekSA anitya hI hai / ) padArtha naSTa nahIM hotA, yaha pramANa siddha hai| usakA rUpAntara hotA hai, yaha pratyakSasiddha hai / isa dazA meM padArtha ko ekAntataH nitya yA anitya mAnanA samyag -1 [ nirNaya nahI ho sakatA / viparIta jJAna ke sambandha meM vibhinna darzanoM meM vibhinna dhAraNAeM haiM :-- sakhyi yoga aura mImAMsaka (prabhAkara) ise 'vivekAkhyAti yA zrakhyAMti vedAnta anirvacanIya khyAti 25, bauddha ( yogAcAra ) 'Atma- khyAti 6' kumArila (bhaTTa), naiyAyika- vaizeSika 'viparItakhyAti 27 yA ( anyathA 6 khyAti ) aura cArvAka akhyAti ( nirAvalambana ) kahate haiM / jaina- dRSTi ke anusAra yaha 'sat asat khyAti' hai / rassI me pratIta hone vAlA saoNpa svarUpataH sat aura rassI ke rUpa me asat hai / jJAna ke sAdhanoM kI vikala dazA meM sat kA asat ke rUpa meM grahaNa hotA hai, yaha 'sadasatkhyAti' hai| saMzaya 8 " grAhya vastu kI dUrI, aMdherA, pramAda, vyAmoha Adi-Adi jo viparyaya ke kAraNa banate hai, ve hI saMzaya ke kAraNa haiM / hetu dono ke samAna haiM phira bhI unake svarUpa meM bar3A antara hai / viparyaya meM jahA~ sat me asat kA nirNaya hotA hai, vahA~ saMzaya meM sat yA asat kisI kA bhI nirNaya nahI hotA / saMzaya jJAna kI eka dolAyamAna avasthA hai| vaha 'yaha yA vaha' ke ghere ko tor3a nahIM sakatA | usake sAre vikalna anirNAyaka hote haiM / eka sapheda cAra paira aura soga vAle prANI ko dUra se dekhate hI mana vikalpa se bhara jAtA hai- kyA yaha gAya, hai athavA gabaya -- roka ! 'nirNAyaka vikalpa saMzaya nahIM hotA, yaha hameM yAda rakhanA hogA | padArtha ke

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsA - - - vAre meM abhI-abhI hama do vikalpa kara Aye haiM 'padArtha nitya bhI hai aura anitya bhii| yaha saMzaya nahIM hai / saMzaya yA anirNAyaka vikalpa vaha hotA hai, jahA~ padArtha ke eka dharma ke bAre meM do vikalpa hote haiN| aneka dharmAtmaka vastu ke aneka dharmoM para hone vAle aneka vikalpa isalie nirNAyaka hote haiM ki unakI kalpanA AdhAra zUnya nahIM hotii| syAdvAda ke prAmANika vikalpobhaMgoM ko saMzayavAda kahane vAlo ko yaha smaraNa rakhanA caahie| anadhyavasAya anadhyavasAya Alocana mAtra hotA hai| kisI pakSI ko dekhA aura eka nAlocana zurU ho gayA isa pakSI kA kyA nAma hai ? calate calate kisI padArtha kA sparza huaa| yaha jAna liyA ki sparza huA hai kintu kisa vastu kA huA hai, yaha nahIM jaanaa| isa jJAna kI AlocanA meM hI parisamAti ho jAtI hai, koI nirNaya nahIM nikltaa| isame vastu-svarUpa kA anyathA grahaNa nahIM hotA, isalie yaha viparyaya se bhinna hai aura yaha vizeSa kA sparza nahI karatA, isalie saMzaya se bhI minna hai / saMzaya meM vyakti kA ullekha hotA hai / yaha nAti sAmAnya viSayaka hai| isameM pakSI aura sparza kI ke vyakti kA nAmollekha nahI hotaa| (anadhyavasAya vAstava meM ayathArtha nahIM hai, apUrNa hai| vastu jaisI hai use viparIta nahIM kintu usI rUpa meM jAnane meM akSama hai / isalie ise ayathArtha jJAna kI koTi me rakhA hai| anadhyavasAya ko ayathArya usI dazA meM kahA jA sakatA hai, jabaki yaha 'Alocana mAtra taka hI raha jAtA hai| agara yaha Age var3he to avagraha ke antargata ho jAtA hai | ayathArtha jJAna ke hetu ___ eka hI pramAtA kA jJAna kamI pramANa bana jAtA hai aura kamI apramANa, yaha kyoM? jaina-dRSTi meM isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki yaha sAmagrI ke doSa se hotA hai| pramAtA kA jJAna nirAvaraNa hone para aisI sthiti nahIM bntii| usakA jJAna apramANa nahIM hotaa| yaha sthiti usake sAvaraNa jAna kI dazA meM banatI hai //

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30] jaina darzana meM pramANa maumAMsoM jJAna kI sAmagrI dvividha hotI hai-(1) Antarika aura (2) vAhya / Antarika sAmagrI hai, pramAtA ke jJAnAvaraNa kA vily| AvaraNa ke tAratamya ke anupAta meM jAnane kI nyUnAdhika zakti hotI hai / zAna ke do krama hai-AtmapratyakSa aura Atma-parokSa / Atma pratyakSa jitanI yogyatA vikasita hone para jAnane ke lie bAhya sAmagrI kI apekSA nahIM hotii| Atma-parokSa jJAna kI dazA meM bAhya sAmagrI kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hotA hai / (indriya aura mana ke dvArA hone vAlA jJAna bAhya sAmagrI-sApekSa hotA hai| paugalika indriyA, paudgalika mana, Aloka, ucita sAmIpya yA dUratva, diga, deza, kAla Adi-Adi vAhya sAmagrI ke aga hai| ayathArtha jJAna ke nimitta pramAtA aura bAhya sAmagrI dono haiN| AvaraNa vilaya manda hotA hai aura bAhya sAmagrI doSapUrNa hotI hai, taba ayathArtha jJAna hotA hai | AvaraNa vilaya kI mandatA meM bAhya sAmagrI kI sthiti mahattvapUrNa hotI hai| usase jJAna kI sthiti meM parivartana AtA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki ayathArtha jJAna kA nimitta jJAna-moha hai aura jJAna-moha kA nimitta doSapUrNa sAmagrI hai| parokSajJAna-dazA meM cetanA kA vikAsa hone para bhI adRSTa sAmagrI ke abhAva me yathArtha bodha nahIM hotaa| artha-bodha zAna kI yogyatA se nahIM hotA, kintu usake vyApAra se hotA hai| siddhAnta kI bhASA meM labdhi pramANa nahIM hotaa| pramANa hotA hai upayoga / labdhi (jJAnAvaraNa vilaya janya AtmayogyatA) zuddha hI hotI hai| usakA upayoga zuddha yA azuddha (yathArtha yA ayathArtha ) dono prakAra kA hotA hai| doSapUrNa jJAna-sAmagrI jJAnAvaraNa ke udaya kA nimitta banatI hai| zAnAvaraNa ke udaya se pramAtA mUr3ha bana jAtA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki vaha jJAnakAla me pravRtta hone para bhI jJeya kI yathArthatA ko nahIM jAna paataa| ___ saMzaya aura viparyaya ke kAla me pramAtA jo jAnatA hai, vaha jJAnAvaraNa kA pariNAma nahI kintu vaha yathArtha nahI jAna pAtA, vaha azAna jJAnAvaraNa kA pariNAma hai| samAropajJAna meM ajJAna (yathArtha-jJAna ke abhAva) kI mukhyatA hotI hai, isalie mukhya vRtti se use jJAnAvaraNa ke udaya kA pariNAma kahA jAtA hai| vastuvRttyA jitanA jJAna kA vyApAra hai, vaha jJAnAvaraNa ke vilaya

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jaina darzana meM pramANa maumAsA [1 kA pariNAma hai aura usame jitanA yathArtha jJAna kA abhAva hai, vaha jJAnAvaraNa ke udaya kA pariNAma hai 32 // ayathArtha jJAna ke do pahalU ayathArtha jJAna ke do pakSa hote haiM-(1) AdhyAtmika aura (2) vyAvahArika / AdhyAtmika viparyaya ko mithyAtva aura AdhyAtmika mazaya ko mizra-moha kahA jAtA hai| inakA udbhava AtmA kI moha-dazA se hotA hai 35 / inase zraddhA vikRta hotI hai / vyAvahArika saMzaya aura viparyaya kA nAma hai 'samAropa' 35 / yaha zAnAvaraNa ke udaya se hotA hai / isase jJAna yathArtha nahIM hotaa| pahalA pakSa dRSTi-moha hai aura dUsarA pakSa zAna-moha / inakA bheda samajhAte hue AcArya bhikSu ne likhA hai-"tatva zraddhA me viparyaya hone para mithyAtva hotA hai 371 anyatra viparyaya hotA hai, taba jJAna asatya hotA hai kintu vaha mithyAtra nahIM bntaa|" __ dRSTi moha mithyA dRSTi ke hI hotA hai / jJAna-moha samyag dRSTi aura mithyA dRSTi dono ke hotA hai / dRSTi-moha mithyAtva hai, kintu ajJAna nhiiN| mithyAtva moha janita hotA hai aura ajJAna (mithyA dRSTi kA zAna) jJAnAvaraNa vilaya (kSayopazama) janita / zraddhA kA viparyaya mithyAtva se hotA hai, ajJAna se nahIM / jaisA ki jayAcArya ne likhA hai "mohanI unmAunA ve bheTha eka mithyAvI, tasu udaya thI zraddheja UMghI, dasa bolA maiM eka hii|"-bhg jor3a 112 / -mithyAtva mohanIya unmAda kA eka prakAra hai| usake udaya se zraddhA viparIta banatI hai| mithyAtva aura ajJAna kA antara batAte hue unhoMne likhA hai-"ajJAnI kaI viSayo me viparIta zraddhA rakhate haiM, vaha mithyAtva-prAsrava hai| vaha mauha-karma ke udaya se paidA hotA hai, isalie vaha ajJAna nhiiN| ajJAnI jitanA samyag jAnatA hai, vaha jJAnAvaraNa ke vilaya se utpanna hotA hai / vaha adhikArI kI apekSA se ajJAna kahalAtA hai, isalie ajJAna aura viparIta zraddhA dono bhinna hai|"

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3 jaina darzana meM pramANe mImAMsA jaise mithyAtva samyak zraddhA kA viparyaya hai, vaise ajJAna jJAna kA viparyaya nahIM hai| jJAna aura ajJAna meM svarUpa-bheda nahI kintu adhikArI bheda hai| samyag dRSTi kA jJAna jJAna kahalAtA hai aura mithyA dRSTi kA jJAna ajnyaan| ___ ajJAna meM naJ samAsa kutsArthaka hai| jJAna kutsita nahI, kintu jJAna kA pAtra jo mithyAtvI hai, usake saMsarga se vaha kutsita kahalAtA hai| __ samyag dRSTi kA samAropa zAna kahalAtA hai aura mithyA dRSTi kA samAropa yA asamAropa ajJAna / isakA yaha artha nahIM hotA ki samyag dRSTi kA samAropa bhI pramANa hotA hai aura mithyA dRSTi kA asamAropa bhI aprmaann44|| samAropa dono kA apramANa hogaa| asamAropa dono kaa-prmaann| mithyAtva aura samyaktva ke nimitta kramazaH dRSTi moha kA udaya aura vilaya hai| samAropa kA nimitta hai jJAnAvaraNa yA zAna-moha:5 samAropa kA nimitta dRSTimoha mAnA jAtA hai, vaha ucita pratIta nahIM hotaa| ve likhate haiM-jahA~ viSaya, sAdhana Adi kA doSa ho, vahA~ bhI vaha doSa AtmA kI- mohAvasthA hI ke kAraNa apanA kArya karatA hai| isalie jaina dRSTi yahI mAnatI hai ki anya doSa Atma-doSa ke sahAyaka hokara hI mithyA pratyaya ke janaka hai para mukhyatayA janaka Atma-doSa moha hI hai|" ___ samAropa kA. nimitta zAna-moha ho sakatA hai, kintu dRSTi-moha nhiiN| usakA sambandha sirpha tAttvika vipratipatti se hai| tIna ajJAna-mati, zruta aura vibhaMga, tIna jJAna-mati, zruta aura avadhi ya viparyaya nahI hai| ina dono triko kI kSAyaupazamikatA (zAnAvaraNa-vilaya-- janya yogyatA) meM virUpatA nahI hai| antara kevala itanA AtA hai ki mithyA dRSTi kA jJAna mithyAtva-sahacarita hotA hai, isalie use ajJAna sajA dI jAtI hai| samyag dRSTi kA jJAna mithyAva-sahacarita nahIM hotA, isalie umakI saMjJA zAna rahatI hai| jJAna jo ajJAna kahalAtA hai, vaha mithyAtna ke sAhacarya kA pariNAma hai| kintu mithyAtvI kA jJAnamAtra viparIta hotA hai athavA usakA ajJAna aura mithyAtva eka hai, aisI vAta nahIM hai / tattvArthasUtra (1-32,33) aura usake bhASya tathA vizeSAvazyaka mANya meM

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [33 ajJAna kA hetu sat-asat kA avizeSa batalAyA hai 49 / isase bhI yaha phalita nahI hotA ki mithyA-dRSTi kA zAna mAtra viparIta hai yA usakA jJAna viparIta hI hotA hai, isalie usakI saMjJA ajJAna hai / sat-asat ke avizeSa kA sambandha usakI yadRcchopalabdha vAttvika pratipatti se hai / mithyA dRSTi kI tattva-zraddhA yA tattva upalabdhi yAdRcchika yA anAlocita hotI hai, vahA~ usake mithyAtva yA unmAda hotA hai kintu usake indriya aura mAnasa kA viSaya bodha mithyAtva yA unmAda nahIM hotaa| vaha mithyAtva se aprabhAvita hotA hai kevala jJAnAvaraNa ke vilaya se hotA hai / isake atirikta mithyA dRSTi meM sat-asat kA viveka hotA hI nahIM, yaha ekAnta bhI karma-siddhAnta ke pratikUla hai| dRSTi moha ke udaya se usakI tAttvika pratipatti me unmAda AtA hai, usase usakI dRSTi yA zraddhA mithyA vanatI hai, kintu usameM dRSTi moha kA kSayopazama bhI hotA hai| aisA koI bhI prANI nahI hotA, jisameM dRSTi-moha kA nyUnAdhika vilaya (kSayopazama) na mile| jaina AgamI meM mithyA-dRSTi yA mithyA darzana zabda vyakti aura guNa dono ke artha meM prayukta huA hai| jisakI dRSTi mithyA hotI hai, vaha vyakti mithyA dRSTi hotA hai / guNavAcI mithyA dRSTi zabda kA prayoga, dRSTi moha ke udayajanita mithyAtva ke artha meM bhI hotA hai aura mithyAtva-sahacarita dRSTi-moha ke vilaya ke artha meM bhI / tAtparya ki mithyA-dRSTi vyakti meM yAvanmAtra upalabdha samyagdRSTi ke artha meM mI52 / mithyA dRSTi meM dRSTi-moha janita mithyAtva hotA hai, vaise hI dRSTi-moha vilaya janita samyag darzana bhI hotA hai| isIlie usameM "mithyA dRSTiguNasthAna nAmaka pahalA guNa-sthAna hotA hai| guNa-sthAna AdhyAtmika zuddhi kI bhUmikAeM haiM53 / karma-grantha kI vRtti meM dRSTi moha ke prabala udaya kAla meM bhI aviparIta dRSTi svIkAra kI hai aura AMzika samyaga-darzana bhI mAnA hai 54 / jayAcArya kA bhI yahI mata hai-"mithyAtvI jo zuddha jAnatA hai, vaha zAnAvaraNa kA vilaya-bhAva hai / usakA saba jJAna vikRta yA viparIta nahI hotA, kintu dRSTi-moha-saMvalita jJAna hI vaisA hotA hai55 " mithyA-dRSTi meM mithyA darzana aura samyaga darzana donoM hote haiM, phira bhI - - - - . -

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34] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsA vaha mithyA dRSTi samyagmithyA dRSTi nahIM bntaa| vaha bhUmikA isase U~cI hai| mizra-dRSTi vyakti ko kevala eka tattva yA tattvAMza me sandeha hotA hai / mithyA dRSTi kA sabhI tatvoM meM viparyaya ho sakatA hai| ___ mizra dRSTi tattva ke prati saMzayitadazA hai aura mithyA dRSTi viparIta saMjJAna / saMzayitadazA meM atattva kA abhiniveza nahIM hotA aura viparIta saMjAna meM vaha hotA hai, isalie isakA-pahalI bhUmikA kA adhikArI aMzataH mamyam darzanI hote hue bhI tIsarI bhUmikA ke adhikArI kIbhAMti samyag-mithyA-dRSTi nahI khlaataa| mithyA dRSTi ke sAtha samyaga-darzana kA ullekha nahIM hotA, yaha usake dRSTi-viparyaya kI pradhAnatA kA pariNAma hai kintu isakA yaha artha nahIM ki usameM samyagdarzana kA aMza nahIM hotaa| samyag darzana kA aMza hone para bhI vaha samyag dRSTi isalie nahIM kahalAtA ki usake dRSTi-moha kA apekSita vilaya nahIM hotaa| vastuvRttyA tattvo kI sapratipatti aura vipratipatti mamyaktva aura midhyAtva kA svarUpa nahI hai| samyaktva dRSTi moha-rahita Atma-pariNAma hai aura mithyAtva dRSTi-moha-savalita Atma pariNAma" / tatvoM kA samyag aura asamyag zraddhAna unake phala haiM 8 / / pramAtA dRSTi-moha se baddha nahIM hotA, taba usakA tatva zraddhAna yathArya hotA hai aura usase baddhadazA meM vaha yathArtha nahIM hotA / AtmA ke samyaktva aura mithyAtva ke pariNAma tAttvika sampratipati aura vipratipatti ke dvArA sthUlavRttA anumeya haiN| ___ AcArya vidyAnanda ke anusAra ajJAnatrika meM dRSTi-moha ke udaya se mithyAla hotA hai kintu isakA artha yaha nahI ki tIna vodha (mati, zruta aura vibhaga) mithyAtva svarUpa hI hote haiM 59 / jJAnAvaraNa-vilayajanya jJAna java mithyAtvamoha ke udaya se abhibhUta hotA hai tAtparya ki jisa zraddhAna meM jJAnAvaraNa kA kSayopazama aura mithyAtva-moha kA udaya donoM saMvalita hote haiM, taba mithyA dRSTi ke vodha meM mithyAtva hotA hai / isa mithyAtva ke kAraNa mithyA dRSTi kA boSa ajJAna kahalAtA hai, yaha bAta nahIM / dRSTi-moha ke udaya se prabhAvita bodha

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA mithyA zraddhAna yA mithyAtva kahalAtA hai aura mithyA dRSTi ke samyak kA aMza tathA vyAvahArika - - samyagjJAna ajJAna kahalAtA hai / bhagavatI meM 'mithyAdRSTi ke darzana viparyaya hotA hai' yaha batalAyA hai kintu saba midhyAdRSTi vyaktiyo ke vaha hotA hai--yaha niyama nahI 60 / vaise hI ajJAnatrika me dRSTi -moha ke udaya se mithyAtva hotA hai kintu ajJAnamAtra mithyAtva hotA hai, yaha niyama nahIM / [ 35 zraddhAna ukta vivecana ke phalita ye haiM (1) tAttvika - viparyaya dRSTi- moha aura vyAvahArika- viparyaya jJAnAvaraNa ke udaya kA pariNAma hai| to ( 2 ) ajJAnamAtra jJAna kA viparyaya nahI, tAttvika vipratipatti athavA ef-mahodaya-saMvalita ajJAna hI jJAna kA viparyaya hai / ( 3 ) mithyA dRSTi kA ajJAna mAtra dRSTi moha- saMbalita nahI hotA / pramANa-saMkhyA 1 * pramANa kI saMkhyA saba darzanI meM eka sI nahI hai / nAstika kevala eka pratyakSa pramANa mAnate haiM; vaizeSika do - pratyakSa aura anumAna; sAkhya tIna-pratyakSa, anumAna aura Agama; naiyAyika cAra -- pratyakSa, anumAna, Agama aura upamAna mImAsA ( prabhAkara) pAMca - pratyakSa, anumAna, zrAgama, upamAna aura arthApatti, mImAMsA ( bhaTTa, vedAnta ) chaha--- pratyakSa, anumAna, Agama, upamAna, arthApatti aura prabhAva | paurANika inake atirikta sambhava, aitihya, prAtibha / | pramrANa aura mAnate haiM / jaina do pramANa mAnate haiM--pratyakSa aura parokSa / pramANa bheda kA nimitta 5 1 AtmA kA svarUpa kevala jJAna hai, kevala jJAna - pUrNajJAna athavA eka zona vAdaloM meM Dhake hue sUrya ke prakAza meM jaise tAratamya hotA hai, vaise hI karmamalAcaraNa se DhakI huI AtmA meM jJAna kA tAratamya hotA hai / karmamala ke AvaraNa aura anAvaraNa ke AdhAra para jJAna ke aneka rUpa banate haiM / prazna yaha hai ki kisa jJAna ko pramANa mAneM ? isake uttara meM jaina- dRSTi yaha hai ki jitane prakAra ke zAna ( indriyajJAna, mAnasajJAna, zratIndriyajJAna) haiM, ve saba pramANa bana sakate haiN| zarta kevala yahI hai ki ve yathArthatva se avacchinna hone

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36 jaina darzana meM pramANa bhImAsA cAhie-jJAnasAmAnya meM khIMcI huI yathArthatA kI bheda-rekhA kA atikramaNa nahI honA caahie| phalataH jitane yathArtha jJAna utane hI pramANa / yaha eka lambAcaur3A nirNaya huaa| vAta sahI hai, phira bhI sabake lie kaThina hai, isalie ise sameTa kara do bhAgoM meM bAMTa diyaa| bAMTane me eka kaThinAI thii| jJAna kA sparUpa eka hai phira use kaise bAMTA jAya ! isakA samAdhAna yaha milA ki vikAsa-mAtrA (anAvRtta dazA) ke AdhAra para use bAMTA jAya / zAna ke pAca sthUla bheda hue :(1) matijJAna-indriya jJAna, mAnasa zAna aindriyika (2) zrutajJAna-zabdajJAna (3) avadhijJAna--mUrtapadArtha kA jJAna (4) manaH paryavajJAna-mAnasika bhAvanA kA jJAna / ondriya (5) kevalajJAna-samasta dravya paryAya kA jJAna, pUrNajJAna aba prazna rahA, pramANa kA vibhAga kaise kiyA jAya ! jJAna kevala AtmA kA vikAsa hai| pramANa padArtha ke prati jJAna kA sahI vyApAra hai| jJAna Atma-niSTha hai| pramANa kA sambandha antarjagat aura bahirjagat dono se hai| (bahirjagat kI yathArtha ghaTanAo ko antarjagat taka pahuMcAe, yahI pramANa kA jIvana hai / vahirjagat ke prati jAna kA vyApAra eka-sA nahIM hotaa| jJAna kA vikAsa prabala hotA hai, taba vaha bAhya sAdhana kI sahAyatA lie binA hI viSaya ko jAna letA hai| vikAsa kama hotA hai, taba bAhya sAdhana kA sahArA lenA par3atA hai| basa yahI pramANa-bheda kA AdhAra banatA hai| (1) padArtha ko jo sahAya-nirapekSa hokara grahaNa karatA hai, vaha pratyakSa-pramANa hai aura (2) jo sahAya-sApekSa hokara grahaNa karatA hai, vaha parokSa-pramANa hai| svanirNaya meM pratyakSa hI hotA hai| usake pratyakSa aura parokSa-ye do bheda padArthanirNaya ke do rUpa sAkSAt aura a-sAkSAt kI apekSA se hote haiN| 'pratyakSa aura parokSa' pramANa kI kalpanA jaina nyAya kI vizepa sUjha hai| ina do dizAo meM sava pramANa samA jAte haiN| upayogitA kI dRSTi se pratyeka vastu ke bheda kiye jAte haiM kintu bheda utane hI hone cAhie- jitane apanA svarUpa asaMkIrNa rakha skeN| phira bhI jinameM yathArthatA hai, unheM pramANabheda

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA 137 mAnane meM samanvayavAdI jaino ko koI Apatti nahIM honI caahie| pratyakSa aura parokSa kA udara itanA vizAla hai ki usameM pramANabheda samAne meM kiMcit bhI kaThinAI nahIM hotii| pramANa-vibhAga pramANa ke mukhya bheda do hai-pratyakSa aura prokss| pratyakSa ke do bheda hote haiM-vyavahAra pratyakSa aura prmaarth-prtykss| vyavahAra pratyakSa ke cAra vibhAga hai-avagraha, IhA, avAya aura dhaarnnaa| paramArtha-pratyakSa ke tIna vibhAga haiM-kevala, avadhi aura manaH paryava / parokSa ke paoNca meda haiM-smRti, pratyabhijJA, tarka, anumAna aura aagm| jJAna zrAvRtadazA anAvRtadazA asAkSAtyAhI sAkSAt grAhI sAkSAt grAhI mAta kevala jJAna yathArtha ayathArtha yathArtha ayathArtha yathArtha parokSa pratyakSa saMvyavahArika pratyakSa parokSa Agama zabda J pramANa vAkya nayavAkya 30.) avagraha IhA avAya dhAraNA smRti pratsamizA tarka anumAna

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tIna 36-54 pratyakSa pramANa pratyakSa pratyakSa-parivAra pratyakSa kA lakSaNa samanvaya kA phalita rUpa kevala jJAna vyavahAra pratyakSa avagraha IhA avAya dhAraNA vyavahAra pratyakSa kA krama-vibhAga IhA aura tarka kA bheda prApyakArI aura aprApyakArI avagraha Adi kA kAla mAna

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pratyakSa 'nahi dRSTe anupapannaM nAma-pratyakSa-siddha ke lie yukti kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hotii| svarUpa kI apekSA zAna meM koI antara nahI hai| yathArthatA ke kSetra meM pratyakSa aura parokSa kA sthAna nyUnAdhika nahI hai| apaneapane viSaya meM dono tulyavala haiN| sAmarthya kI dRSTi se dono me bar3A antara hai| pratyakSa RptikAla meM svatantra hotA hai aura parokSa sAdhana-paratantra) phalataH pratyakSa kA padArtha ke sAtha avyavahita (sAkSAt ) sambandha hotA hai aura parokSa kA vyavahita (dUsare ke mAdhyama se), pratyakSa-parivAra pratyakSa kI do pradhAna zAkhAeM haiM-(1) Atma-pratyakSa (2) indriyanindriy-prtykss| pahalI paramArthAzrayI hai, isalie yaha vAstavika pratyakSa hai aura dUsarI vyavahArAzrayI hai, isalie yaha aupacArika pratyakSa hai| * Atma-pratyakSa ke do bheTa hote haiM--(1) kevala jJAna-pUrNa yA sakala-pratyakSa, (2) no-kevalajJAna-apUrNa yA vikala-pratyakSa / naukevala jJAnaM ke do bheda hai-avadhi aura manaH praryava / indriya-anindriya pratyakSa ke cAra prakAra hai(1) avagraha (2) IhA (3) avAya (4) dhAraNA pratyakSa kA lakSaNa aatm-atyn-aatmaa-pdaarth| indriya pratyakSa-zrAtmA-indriya-padArya / (1) Atma-pratyakSaindriya mana aura pramANAntara kA sahArA lie vinA AlmA ko padArtha

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42] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsA kA sAkSAt gAna hotA hai| use Atma-pratyakSa, pAramArthika-pratyakSa yA noindriya-pratyakSa kahate hai| (2) indriya-pratyakSa indriya aura mana kI sahAyatA se jo jAna hotA hai vaha indriya ke lie pratyakSa aura AtmA ke lie parokSa hotA hai, isalie use indriya-pratyakSa yA saMvyavahAra pratyakSa kahate haiM / indriyA dhUma ATi liga kA mahAga lie binA agni Adi kA mAkSAt karatI haiM, isalie yaha indriya-pratyakSa hotA hai| prAcArya middhasena ne 'aparokSatayA artha-pariccheTaka jAna' ko pratyana kahA hai / isameM 'aparoda' zabda vizeSa mahattva kA hai| naiyAyika 'indriya aura artha ke sannikarpa se utpanna jAna' ko pratyakSa mAnate haiN| AcArya siddhasena ne 'aparokSa' zabda ke dvArA umase asahamati prakaTa kI hai| indriya ke mAdhyama se hone vAlA zAna AtmA (pramAnA ) ke sAkSAt nahIM hotA, isalie vaha pratyakSa nahIM hai / jAna kI pratyakSatA ke lie artha aura usake bIca avyavadhAna honA jarUrI hai| AcArya siddhasena kI isa nizcayamUlaka dRSTi kA AdhAra bhagavatI aura sthAnAGga kI pramANa-vyavasthA hai / prAcArya akalaMka kI vyAkhyA ke anusAravizada jJAna pratyakSa hai / aparokSa ke sthAna para 'vizada' ko 'lakSaNa meM sthAna dene kA eka kAraNa hai| AcArya akalaka kI pramANa-vyavasthA meM vyavahAradRSTi kA bhI AzrayaNa hai, jisakA AdhAra nandI kI pramANa vyavasthA hai| isake anusAra pratyakSa ke do bheda hote haiM-mukhya aura svyvhaar| mukhya-pratyakSa, vahI hai, jo aparokSatayA artha grahaNa kre| saMvyavahAra pratyakSa, meM artha kA grahaNa indriya ke mAdhyama se hotA hai, usameM 'aparokSavayA-artha-grahaNa' lakSaNa nahI bntaa| isalie dono kI saMgati karane ke lie 'vizada' zabda kI yojanA karanI pdd'ii| ___ 'vizada' kA artha hai-pramANAntara kI anapekSA (anumAna Adi kI apekSA na honA) aura 'yaha hai' aisA pratibhAsa honA / saMvyavahAra-pratyakSa anumAna Adi kI apekSA adhika prakAzaka hotA hai-'yaha haiM aisA pratibhAsa hotA hai, isalie isakI 'vizuddhatA' nirvAdha hai|

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [43 yadyapi 'aparokSa' kA vedAnta ke aura vizada kA bauddha ke pratyakSa-lakSaNa se adhika sAmIpya hai, phira bhI usake viSaya-grAhaka svarUpa meM maulika meda haiN| jAvedAnta ke matAnusAra padArtha kA pratyakSa antaHkaraNa (Antarika indriya) kI vRtti ke mAdhyama se hotA hai / antaHkaraNa dRzyamAna padArtha kA AkAra dhAraNa karatA hai| AtmA apane zuddha-sAkSI caitanya se use prakAzita karatA hai, taba pratyakSa jJAna hotA hai ) jaina-dRSTi ke anusAra pratyakSa meM jJAna aura jJeya ke vIca dUsarI koI zakti nahI hotii| zuddha caitanya ke dvArA antaHkaraNa ko prakAzita mAne aura antaHkaraNa kI padArthAkAra pariNati mAne, yaha prakriyAgaurava hai| Akhira zuddha caitanya ke dvArA eka ko prakAzita mAnanA hI hai, taba padArtha ko hI kyo na maaneN| / bauddha pratyakSa ko nirvikalpa mAnate haiN| jaina-dRSTi ke anusAra nirvikalpavodha (darzana) nirNAyaka nahI hotA, isalie vaha pratyakSa to kyA pramANa hI nahI bntaa| samanvaya kA phalita rUpa aparokSa aura vizada kA samanvaya karane para sahAya-nirapekSa artha phalita hotA hai| 'aparokSa' yaha paribhASA parokSa lakSaNAzrita hai| 'vizada' yaha AkAMkSA-sApekSa hai| vaizaya kA kyA artha hai, isakI apekSA rahatI hai| 'sahAya-nirapekSa pratyakSa' isameM yaha AkAMkSA apane Apa pUrI ho jAtI hai / jo sahAya' nirapekSa Atma-vyApAramAtrApekSa hogA, vaha vizada bhI hogA aura aparokSa bhI vyavahAra pratyakSa meM pramANAntara kI aura vAstavikapratyakSa meM pramANAntara aura paudgalika indriya-ina donoM kI sahAyatA apekSita nahI hotI kaivalajJAna anAvRtta avasthA meM AtmA ke eka yA akhaNDa jJAna hotA hai, vaha kevalajJAna hai / jaina-dRSTi meM AtmA jAna kA adhikaraNa nahIM, kintu jJAna svarUpa hai| / isIlie kahA jAtA hai-cetana AtmA kA jo nirAvaraNa-svarUpa hai, vahI kevalajJAna hai / vAstava meM kAla' vyatirikta koI jAna nahIM hai| bAkI ke sava jJAna

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88] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA isI kI AvaraNa-dazA ke tAratamya se banate haiM / jayAcArya ne jAna ke maida-abheda kI mImAsA karate hue samajhAyA hai-"mAnA ki eka cAMdI kI caukI dhUla se TakI huI hai / usake kinAroM para se dhUla haTane lgii| eka konA dIkhA, hamane eka cIja mAna lii| dUsarA dIkhA taba do, isI prakAra tIsare aura cauthe kone ke dIkhane para cAra cIjeM mAna lii| bIca meM se dhUla nahIM haTI, isalie una cAroM kI ekatA kA hame patA nahI lgaa| jyo hI vIca kI dhUla haTI, caukI sAmane aaii| hamane dekhA ki ve cAroM cIjeM usI eka meM samA gaI haiN| ThIka vaise hI kevalazAna DhakA rahatA hai taba taka usake alpa-vikasita choroM ko bhinnabhinna jAna mAnA jAtA hai / (AvaraNa-vilaya (ghAti karma catuSTaya kA kSaya) hone para jaba kevalajJAna prakaTa hotA hai, taba jJAna ke choTe-choTe saba meda usameM vilIna ho jAte haiN| phira AtmA meM sava dravya aura dravyagata sava parivartanoM ko sAkSAt karane vAlA eka hI zAna rahatA hai, vaha hai kevalajJAna / trikAlavI prameya mAtra isake viSaya banate haiM, isalie yaha pUrNa pratyakSa kahalAtA hai / isakI AvRta dazA meM avadhi aura manaH paryava apUrNa (vikala ) pratyakSa kahalAte haiN| vyavahAra-pratyakSa (avagraha, IhA, avAya, dhAraNA) indriya aura mana kA jJAna alpa-vikasita hotA hai, isalie padArtha ke jJAna meM unakA eka nizcita krama rahatA hai / hame unake dvArA pahale-pahala vastu-mAtrasAmAnya rUpa yA ekatA kA bodha hotA hai| usake bAda kramazaH vastu kI vizeSa avasthAeM yA anekatA jAnI jAtI haiN| ekatA kA bodha sulama aura alpa samaya-labhya hotA hai usa dazA meM anekatA kA bodha yatnasAdhya aura dIrghakAlalabhya hotA hai| udAharaNasvarUpa-gAMva hai, vana hai, sabhA hai, pustakAlaya hai, ghar3A hai, kapar3A hai, yaha bodha hajAra ghara haiM, sau vRkSa haiM, cAra sau AdamI haiM, dasa hajAra pustakeM haiM, amuka-parimANa mRt kaNa haiM, amuka parimANa tantu hai se pahale aura sahaja-sarala hotA hai / 'Ama eka vRkSa hai-isase pahale vRkSatva kA bodha honA sAvazyaka hai| Ama pahale vRkSa hai aura bAda meM zrAma / avazeSa kA bodha sAmAnyapUrvaka hotA hai / sAmAnya vyApaka hotA hai aura

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsA [45 vizeSa vyApya / dharmI aneka dhamoM kA, avayavI aneka avayavo kA, samaSTi aneka vyaktiyo kA piNDa hotA hai|) ekatA kA rUpa sthUla aura spaSTa hotA hai, isalie hamArA sthUla jJAna pahale usI ko pakar3atA hai| anekatA kA sma sUkSma aura aspaSTa hotA hai, isalie use jAnane ke lie vizeSa manoyoga lagAnA par3atA hai| phira kramazaH padArtha ke vividha pahalutro kA nizcaya hotA hai| nizcaya kI tIna sImAeM haiM :-' (1)zya vastu kA sattAtmaka nizcaya-arthamAtra-mahaNa / (2) AlocanAtmaka nizcaya-svarUpa-vimarza / (3) apAyAtmaka nizcaya--svarUpa-nirNaya / inakI pRSThabhUmi meM do vA apekSita haiM : (1) indriyoM aura padArtha kA ucita sthAna meM yoga (sannikaSa yA maamiipy)| (2) darzana-nirvikalpa-bodha, mAmAnya mAtra (sattAmAtra) kA grahaNa / pUrA krama yo vanatA hai : (1) indriya aura artha kA ucita yoga-zabda aura zrotra kA sannikarpa (usake bAda) (2) nirvikalpa bogha dvArA sattA mAtra kA jJAna / jaise-'hai'..| (usake vAda) (3) grAhya vastu kA sattAtmaka nizcaya / jaise-'yaha vastu hai / (usake bAda) (v) AlocanAtmaka nizcaya / jaise-'yaha zabda honA caahie| (usake vAda) (5) apAyAtmaka nishcy| jaise-'yaha zabda hI hai / yahA~ nizcaya kI pUrNatA hotI hai / ( usake vAda) (6) nizcaya kI dhaarnnaa| jaise-'tadrUpa zabda hI hotA hai'| yahA~ vyavahAra pratyakSa samApta ho jAtA hai| avagraha avagraha kA artha hai pahalA jAna / indriya aura vastu kA sambandha hote hI

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46] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsA 'sattA hai' kA vodha jAga uThatA hai / pramAtA ise jAna nahIM pAtA / isameM vizeSa dharma kA bodha nahI hotA, isalie pramANa nahIM kahA jA sakatA | phira bhI yaha uttara bhAvI avagrahI pramANa kA pariNAmI kAraNa hai / isake bAda sparzana, rasana, prANa aura zrotra kA dhyaJjana-avagraha hotA hai| 'vyaJjana' ke tIna artha hai(1) zabda Adi pudgala dravya (2) upakaraNa-indriya-viSaya-grAhaka indriya (3) viSaya aura upakaraNa indriya kA saMyoga | vyaJjana-avagraha avyakta zAna hotA hai 121 pramAtA ava bhI nahIM jaantaa| isake bAda hotA hai-artha kA avgrh| (artha zabda ke do artha hote haiM (2) dravya (sAmAnya)(2) paryAya (vishess)| avagraha Adi paryAya ke dvArA dravya ko grahaNa karate haiM, pUrNa dravya ko nahIM jAna sakate / indriyAM apane-apane viSayabhUta vastu paryAyoM ko jAnatI haiM aura mana bhI eka sAtha niyata aMza kA hI vicAra karatA hai| arthAvagraha vyaJjanAvagraha se kucha vyakta hotA hai, jaise--'yaha kucha hai-yaha sAmAnya artha kA jJAna hai| sAmAnya kA nirdeza ho sakatA hai (kahA jA sakatA hai) jaise-vana, senA, nagara Adi-Adi / arthAvagraha kA viSaya anirdezya-sAmAnya hotA hai-kisI bhI zabda ke dvArA kahA nahI jA sake, vaisA hotA hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki arthAvagraha ke dvArA artha ke anirdezya sAmAnyarUma kA jJAna hotA hai| darzana ke dvArA 'sattA hai' kA bodha hotA hai| arthAvagraha ke dvArA 'vastu hai' kA jJAna hotA hai / sattA se yaha jJAna sirpha itanA sA Age bar3hatA hai| isameM artha ke svarUpa, nAma, jAti, kriyA, guNa, dravya Adi kI / kalpanA ke antargata zAbdika pratIti nahIM hotI 13 arthAvagraha se jJAta artha kA svarUpa kyA hai, nAma kyA hai, vaha kisa jAti kA hai, usakI kriyA kyA hai, guNa kyA hai, kauna sA dravya hai, yaha nahIM jAne jAte / inhe jAne vinA (svalpa Adi kI kalpanA ke vinA) artha-sAmAnya kA nirdeza bhI nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| ukta svarUpa ke AdhAra para isakI yaha paribhASA vanatI hai-"anirdezyasAmAnya artha ko jAnane vAlA zAna arthAvagraha hotA hai| prazna ho sakatA hai ki anadhyavasAya aura arthAvagraha dono sAmAnyagrAhI haiM taba eka ko apramANa aura dUsare ko pramANa kvo mAnA jAe? uttara sApha hai|

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMso [ 8 anadhyavasAya arthAvagraha kA hI AbhAsa hai / arthAvagraha ke do rUpa banate haiMnirNayonmukha aura anirNayonmukha | arthAvagraha nirNayonmukha hotA hai, taba pramANa hotA hai aura jaba vaha nirNayonmukha nahIM hotA anirNaya meM hI ruka jAtA hai, taba vaha anadhyavasAya kahalAtA hai / isIlie anadhyavasAya kA avagraha meM samAveza hotA hai 14 / " i graha ke bAda saMzaya jJAna hotA hai / 'yaha kyA hai ? --- zabda hai athavA sparza ?' isake anantara hI jo sat-artha kA sAdhaka vitarka uThatA hai - 'yaha zrotra kA viSaya hai, isalie 'zabda honA cAhie', isa prakAra avagraha dvArA jAne hue padArtha ke svarUpa kA nizcaya karane ke lie vimarza karane vAle jJAna- krama kA nAma 'hA' hai| isakI vimarza-paddhati zranvaya vyatirekapUrvaka hotI hai| jJAta vastu ke pratikUla tathyoM kA nirasana aura anukUla tathyo kA saMkalana kara yaha usake svarUpa nirNaya kI paramparA ko Age bar3hAtA hai IhA se pahale saMzaya hotA hai para ve dono eka nahI haiN| ( sazaya korA vikalpa khar3A kara detA hai kintu samAdhAna nahIM krtaa| IhA saMzaya ke dvArA khar3e kiye hue vikalpo ko pRthak karatI hai / saMzaya samAdhAyaka nahIM hotA, 1 isIlie use jJAnakrama meM nahIM rakhA jAtA / zravagraha me artha ke sAmAnya rUpa kA grahaNa hotA hai aura IhA meM usake vizeSa dharmoM ( svarUpa, nAma jAti Adi ) kA paryAlocana zurU ho jAtA hai / (3) avAya IMhA ke dvArA jJAta sat-artha kA nirNaya hotA hai, jaise- 'yaha zabda hI hai, sparza, nahIM hai usakA nAma 'vAya' hai / yaha IhA ke paryAlocana kA samarthana hI nahIM karatA, kintu usakA vizeSa avadhAnapUrvaka nirNaya bhI kara DAlatA hai| dhAraNA avAya dvArA kiyA gayA nirNaya kucha samaya ke lie TikatA hai aura mana ke viSayAntarita hote hI vaha calA jAtA hai / pIche apanA saMskAra chor3a jAtA hai / vaha smRti kA hetu hotA hai|

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4] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA --- dhAraNAkAla meM jo satata upayoga calatA hai, use avicyuti kahA jAtA hai| upayogAntara hone para dhAraNA vAsanA ke rUpa meM parivartita ho| jAtI hai| yahI vAsanA kAraNa-vizeSa se ubuddha hokara smRti kA kAraNa banatI hai / vAsanA svaya jJAna nahIM hai kintu avicyuti kA kArya aura smRti kA kAraNa hone se do jJAnI ko jor3ane vAlI kar3I ke rUpa meM jJAna mAnI jAtI hai| vyavahAra pratyakSa kI paramparA yahA~ pUrI ho jAtI hai| isake bAda smRti Adi kI parokSa paramparA zurU hotI hai| avagraha ke do bheda haiM-vyAvahArika aura naizcayika / zrI bhikSunyAyakarNikA meM vyavahAra pratyakSa kI jo rUparekhA hai, vaha naizcayika avagraha kI mitti para hai| vyAvahArika avagraha kI dhArA kA rUpa kucha dUsarA banatA hai| (naizcayika avagraha avizeSita sAmAnya kA jJAna karAne vAlA hotA hai| isakI carcA Upara kI gaI hai| vyAvahArika avagraha vizeSita-sAmAnya ko grahaNa karane vAlA hotA hai| naizcayika avagraha ke bAda hone vAle IhA, avAya se jisake vizeSa dhamoM kI mImAMsA ho cukatI hai, usI vastu ke naye naye dhamoM kI jijJAsA aura nizcaya karanA vyAvahArika avagraha kA kA kAma hai| avAya ke dvArA eka tathya kA nizcaya hone para phira tatsambandhI dUsare tathya kI jijJAsA hotI hai, taba pahale kA avAya vyAvahArika-arthAvagraha bana jAtA hai aura usa jijJAsA ke nirNaya ke lie phira IhA aura avAya hote haiN| yaha kAma taba taka calatA hai, jaba taka jijJAsAe~ pUrI nahIM hotii| . . nizcayika avagraha kI paramparA-'yaha zabda hI hai. yahA~ samAna ho jAtI hai| isake bAda vyAvahArika-avagraha kI dhArA calatI hai| jaise :(1) vyAvahArika avagraha-yaha zabda hai| [saMzaya-pazu kA hai yA manuSya kA ?] (2) IhA-spaSTa bhASAtmaka hai, isalie manuSya kA honA caahie| (3) avAya-(vizeSa parIkSA ke pazcAt ) manuSya kA hI hai| vyavahAra-pratyakSa ke ukta AkAra me-'yaha zabda hai' yaha apAyAtmaka

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsI [49 nizcaya hai| isakA phalita yaha hotA hai ki naizcayika avagraha kA apAya rUpa vyAvahArika avagraha kA Adi rUpa banatA hai| isa prakAra uttarottara aneka jie ho sakatI haiN| jaise avasthA bheda se yaha zabda bAlaka kA hai yA buDDhe kA ? liGga-bheda se strI kA hai yA puruSa kA ? Adi Adi / vyavahAra pratyakSa kA kramavibhAga avagraha, IhA, avAya aura dhAraNA kA na utkrama hotA hai aura na vyatikrama / artha grahaNa ke bAda hI vicAra ho sakatA hai, vicAra ke bAda hI nizcaya aura nizcaya ke bAda hI dhaarnnaa| isalie IhA avagrahapUrvaka hotI hai, avAya IhApUrvaka aura dhAraNA avAyapUrvaka) vyavahAra pratyakSa ke ye vibhAga nirhetuka nahIM hai| yadyapi ve eka-vastuviSayaka jJAna kI dhArA ke avirala rUpa hai, phira bhI unakI apanI vizeSa sthitiyAM haiM, jo unheM eka dUsare se pRthaka karatI haiN| (1) 'yaha kucha haiMitanA-sA jJAna hote hI pramAtA dUsarI bAta me dhyAna dene lagA, basa vaha phira Age nahIM bddh'taa| isI prakAra yaha amuka honA cAhie'-'yaha amuka hI hai' yaha bhI eka-eka ho sakate haiN| yaha eka sthiti hai jise 'asAmastyena utpatti' kahA jAtA hai| (2) dusarI sthiti hai-krmmaavitv'-dhaaraa-nirodh| inakI dhArA anta taka cale, yaha koI niyama nahIM kintu jaba calatI hai taba krama kA ullaMghana nahIM hotaa| yaha kucha hai' isake vinA 'yaha amuka honA cAhieyaha zAna nahIM hotaa| 'yaha amuka honA cAhie'-isake binA 'yaha amuka hI hai' yaha nahIM jAnA jaataa| 'yaha amuka hI hai| isake vinA dhAraNA nahIM hotii| (3) tIsarI sthiti hai-'kramika prakAza-ye eka hI vastu ke naye-naye pahaluoM para prakAza DAlate haiN| isase eka bAta aura bhI sApha hotI hai ki apane apane viSaya meM ina sabakI nirNAyakatA hai, isalie ye saba pramANa haiN| avAya svatantra nirNaya nahIM krtaa| IhA ke dvArA jJAta aza kI apekSA se.hI. usa para vizeSa prakAza DAlatA hai|

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jaina darzana meM pramANa momAsA aparicita vastu ke jJAna meM isa krama kA sahaja anubhava hotA hai| isameM koI sandeha nahIM, hama eka-eka tathya kA saMkalana karate-karate antima tathya taka pahuMcate haiN| paricita vastu ko jAnate samaya hame isa krama kA spaSTa mAna nahIM hotaa| isakA kAraNa hai-jJAna kA Azu utpAda'-zIghra utpatti / vahA~ bhI yaha krama nahIM ttuutttaa|) kSaNa bhara meM bijalI-ghara se sudUra taka bijalI pahuMca jAtI hai| eka sAtha nahIM jAtIti me krama hotA hai kintu gati kA vega ati tIvra hotA hai, isalie vaha sahaja buddhigamya nahIM hotaa| saMzaya, IhA aura avAya kA krama gautamokta solaha padArthagata saMzaya,15 tarka aura nirNaya ke sAtha tulanIya hai / IhA aura tarka kA bheda __ parokSa pramANagata tarka se IhA bhinna hai / tarka se vyApti (anvaya vyatireka kA traikAlika niyama ) kA nirNaya hotA hai aura IhA se kevala vartamAna artha kA anvaya vyatirekapUrvaka vimarza hotA hai| nyAya ke anusAra avijJAta vastu ko jAnane kI icchA hotI hai| jijJAsA ke bAda saMzaya utpanna hotA hai| saMzayAvasthA me jisa pakSa kI ora kAraNa kI utpaci dekhane meM AtI hai, usI kI sambhAvanA mAnI jAtI hai aura vahI sambhAvanA tarka hai / saMzayAvasthA me taka kA prayojana hotA hai| yaha lakSaNa IhA ke sAtha saMgati karAne vAlA hai| prApyakArI aura aprApyakArI sAdhAraNatayA pA~ca indriyAM samakakSa mAnI jAtI haiM kintu yogyatA kI dRSTi se cakSu kA sthAna kucha vizeSa hai| zeSa cAra indriyAM apanA viSaya grahaNa karane meM paTu haiN| isa dazA me catu paTutara hai| sparzana, rasana, prANa aura zrotra grAhya vastu se saMpRkta hone para use jAnate haiM, isalie ve paTu haiN| catu grAhya vastu ko ucita sAmIpya se hI jAna letA hai, isalie yaha paTutara hai| paTu indriyAM prApyakArI haiM, isalie unakA vyaJjanAvagraha hotA hai| catu prApyakArI nahI, isalie isakA vyaJjanAvagraha nahIM hotaa|

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jaina darzana meM pramANa momAsA [51 vyaJjanAvagraha samparkapUrvaka hone vAlA avyakta jJAna hai| arthAvagraha usI kA carama aza hai)| paTu indriyAM eka sAtha viSaya ko pakar3a nahIM sktii| vyaJjanAvagraha ke dvArA avyakta jJAna hote hote jaba vaha puSTha ho jAtA hai, taba usako artha kA avagraha hotA hai| catu apanA viSaya tatkAla pakar3a letA hai, isalie use pUrvabhAvI avyakta zAna kI apekSA nahIM hotii| (mana kI bhI yahI bAta hai| vaha catu kI bhAMti vyavahita padArtha ko jAna letA hai, isalie use bhI vyaJjanAvagraha kI upekSA nahIM hotii)| bauddha zrotra ko bhI aprApyakArI mAnate haiN| naiyAyika-vaizeSika cakSu aura mana ko aprApyakArI nahI maante| ukta dono dRSTiyo se jaina dRSTi bhinna hai| zrotra vyavahita zabda ko nahIM jaantaa| jo zabda zrotra se saMpRkta hotA hai, vahI usakA viSaya banatA hai| isalie zrotra aprApyakArI nahIM ho sakatA / (cakSu aura mana vyavahita padArya ko jAnate haiM, isalie ve prApyakArI nahIM ho sakate / inakA grAhya vastu ke sAtha samparka nahIM hotaa| _ vijJAna ke anusAra ....."catu meM dRzya vastu kA tadAkAra prativimba par3atA hai| usase cakSu ko apane viSaya kA jJAna hotA hai| naiyAyiko kI prApyakAritA kA AdhAra hai catu kI sUkSma-razmiyo kA padArtha se saMpRkta honaa| 'vijJAna ise svIkAra nahI karatA / vaha A~kha ko eka bar3hiyA kemerA (Camera) mAnatA hai / usame dUrastha vastu kA citra aMkita ho jAtA hai| jaina dRSTi kI aprApyakAritA meM isase koI bAdhA nahI aatii| kAraNa ki vijJAna ke anusAra cakSu kA padArtha ke sAtha samparka nahI hotA / kAca svaccha hotA hai, isalie usake sAmane jo vastu pAtI hai, usakI chAyA kAca meM pratibimbita ho jAtI hai / ThIka yahI prakriyA A~kha ke sAmane koI vastu Ane para hotI hai| kAca me par3ane vAlA vastu kA pratibimba aura varatu eka nahIM hote, isalie kAca usa vastu se saMpRkta nahIM khlaataa| ThIka yahI bAta oNkha ke lie hai|

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52 ] sparzana rasana ghrANa cakSu zrotra mana vyavahAra pratyakSa ke 28 bheda : avagraha IhA vyaJjanAvagraha | arthAvagraha 33 " 39 X jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsA 33 X avagraha Adi kA kAla mAna 35 36 "" "} 33 11 vyaJjanAvagraha -- asaMkhya samaya / arthAvagraha - eka samaya / IhA - antara- muhUrtta | avAya -- antara muhUrtta / dhAraNA -- sakhyeya kAla aura 93 ,, L 39 "" 36 " avAya "" 29 33 35 35 " dhAraNA " 39 33 "" 35 33 asakhyeya kAla / 9 ke do bheda haiM- (1) zruta- nizrita (2) azruta - nizrata / zrutanizcita mati ke 28 bheda haiM, jo vyavahAra pratyakSa kahalAte haiM 20 | autpattikI Adi buddhi catuSTaya zruta nizrita hai 21 / nandI meM zruta-nizcita mati ke 28 bhedo kA vivaraNa hai| azruta nizrita ke cAra bhedo kA ina meM samAveza hotA hai yA nahI isakI koI carcA nahIM / 'ke 28 bheda vAlI paramparA sarvamAnya hai kintu 28 medoM kI svarUpa racanA meM do paramparAe~ milatI haiN| eka paramparA avagraha - abhedavAdiyo kI hai| isame vyaJjanAvagraha kI arthAvagraha se bhinna gaNanA nahI hotI, isalie zruta nizrita mati ke 24 meda va azruta - nizrita ke cAra--isa prakAra mati ke 28 meda banane haiM 2) D dUsarI paramparA jinabhadra gaNi kSamAzramaNa kI hai| isake anusAra avagraha Adi catuSTaya zruta nizrita aura zruta- nizrita mati ke sAmAnya dharma haiM, isalie meda-gaNanA meM azruta - nizritaM mati zruta - nizrita meM samAhita ho jAtI hai | *

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsA [53 phalasvarUpa vyavahAra pratyakSa ke rU meda aura mati ke 28 meda eka rUpa bana jAte haiN| isakA AdhAra sthAnAga 2-1-71 hai| vahA~ vyaJjanAvagraha aura arthAvagraha kI zruta-nizrita aura azruta-nizrita-ina dono medoM meM gaNanA kI hai ( azrutanizrita buddhi-catuSTaya mAnasa jJAna hotA hai| usakA vyaJjanAvagraha nahIM hotA, isase phalita hotA hai ki buddhi-catuSTaya ke atirikta bhI avagraha Adi catuSka azruta-nizrita hotA hai) nandI ke anusAra avagrahAdi catuSka kevala zruta-nizrita haiN| vizeSAvazyaka bhASya ke anusAra vaha zruta-nizrita aura akSuta nibhita donoM hai| sthAnAGga ke anusAra vaha dono to hai hI, vizeSa bAta yaha hai ki buddhi-catuSTaya meM hone vAlA avagrahAdi catuSka hI azruta-nibhita nahI kintu usake atirikta bhI avagrahAdi catuSka azruta-nizrita hotA hai|4 /

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cAra parokSa pramANa parokSa smRti prAmANya pratyabhijJA tarka kA prayojakatva anumAna anumAna kA parivAra svArtha aura parArtha vyApti hetu-bhAva aura abhAva sAdhya --- dharma aura dharmI hetu ke prakAra vidhi - sAdhaka upalabdhi hetu niSedha - sAdhaka upalabdhi hetu niSedha-sAdhaka anupalabdhi hetu vidhi - sAdhaka anupalabdhi hetu 55--72

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- parokSa (1) indriya aura mana kI sahAyatA se AtmA ko jo zana hotA hai, vaha 'Atma-parokSa hai| AtmA-indriya zAna-paudgalika-indriya-padArtha / (2) dhUma Adi kI sahAyatA se ami Adi kA jo jJAna hotA hai, vaha 'indriya parIkSa' hai|' AtmA-indriya-dhUma-ami / pahalI paribhASA naizcayika hai| isake anusAra saMvyavahAra pratyakSa ko vastutaH parokSa mAnA jAtA hai| mati aura ata-ye donoM jJAna Atma nirbhara nahIM haiM, isalie ye parokSa kahalAte haiM / mati, sAkSAt rUpa meM paugalika indriya aura mana ke aura paramparA ke rUpa meM artha aura Aloka ke, adhIna hotI hai| zruta, sAkSAt rUpa meM mana ke aura paramparA ke rUpa meM zabda-saMketa tathA indriya (mati-jJAnAMza) ke adhIna hotA hai| mRti meM indriya mana kI apekSA samakakSa hai, zruta meM mana kA sthAna pahalA hai| mati ke do sAdhana hai-indriya aura mana / mana dvividha dharmA haiavagraha Adi dharmavAn aura smRtyAdi dharmavAn / isa sthiti meM mati do bhAgI meM baMTa jAtI hai-(1) vyavahAra pratyakSa mti| 52) parokSa-mati / indriyAtmaka aura avagrahAdi dharmaka manarUpa mati vyavahAra pratyakSa hai, jisakA svarUpa pratyakSa vibhAga meM batalAyA jA cukA hai| smRtyAdi dharmaka, mana rUpa parokSa-mati ke cAra vibhAga hote haiN:(asmRtiH| (2)atybhish| (3)trph| (4) anumAna / smRti dhAraNAmUlaka, pratyabhizA smRti aura anubhavamUlaka, varka pratyabhijJA mUlaka, anumAna taka niNIta sAdhanamUlaka hote haiM, isalie ye parokSa haiN| zruta

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5] jaina darzana meM pramANa maumAsA kA sAdhana mana hotA hai| usakA eka bheda hai--'shraagm'| vaha vacanamUlaka hotA hai, isalie parokSa hai| smRti prAmANya . jaina tarka-paddhati ke atirikta anya kisI bhI prAcya bhAratIya tarka-paddhati meM smRti kA prAmANya svIkRta nahIM hai| isakA kAraNa yaha batalAyA jAtA hai ki smRti anubhava ke dvArA gRhIta viSaya ko grahaNa karatI hai, isalie gRhItagrAhI hone ke kAraNa vaha apramANa hai-svatantra pramANa nahIM hai| jaina darzana kI yukti yaha hai ki anumava vartamAna artha ko grahaNa karatA hai aura smRti atIta artha ko, isalie yaha kathaMcit agRhItagrAhI hai| kAla kI dRSTi se isakA viSaya svatantra hai| dUsarI vAta-gRhItagrAhI hone mAtra se smRti kA prAmANya dhula nahIM jaataa| ____ prAmANya kA prayojaka avisaMvAda hotA hai, isalie avisavAdaka smRti kA prAmANya avazya honA caahie| pratyabhijJA __ nyAya, vaizeSika aura mImAsaka pratyabhijJA ko pratyakSa se pRthak nahIM maante| kSaNikavAdI bauddha kI dRSTi meM pratyakSa aura smRti kI saMkalanA ho bhI kaise sakatI hai| jaina-dRSTi ke anusAra yaha pratyakSa jJAna ho nahIM sktaa| pratyakSa kA viSaya hotA hai dRzya vastu (vartamAna-paryAyavyApI drvy)| isakA (pratyabhizA) kA viSaya banatA hai saMkalana-atIta aura pratyakSa kI ekatA, pUrva aura apara paryAyavyApI dravya, athavA do pratyakSa dranyo yA do parokSa dravyo kA saMkalana / (hamArA pratyakSa atIndriya-pratyakSa kI mAti trikAlaviSayaka nahIM hotA, isalie usase sAmane khar3A vyakti jAnA jA sakatA hai kintu yaha vahI vyakti haiyaha nahIM jAnA jA sktaa| usakI ekatA kA bodha smRti ke mela se hotA hai, isalie yaha aspaSTha-parokSa hai| pratyakSa aura tarka ke mela se hone vAlA anumAna svatantra pramANa hai, tava phira pratyakSa aura smRti ke mela se hone vAlI pratyabhijJA kA svatantra sthAna kyo nahIM honA cAhie!) . pratyakSadvaya ke saMkalana meM donI vastueM sAmane hotI hai phira bhI unakA

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [59 saMkalana indriya se nahIM hotA, vicArane se hotA hai| vicAra ke samaya unameM se eka hI vastu mana ke pratyakSa hotI hai, isalie yaha bhI pratyakSa nahIM hotaa| parokSa dvaya ke saMkalana meM donoM vastueM sAmane nahIM hotI, isalie vaha pratyakSa kA sparza nahIM krtaa| pratyabhijJA ko dUsare zabdo me tulanAtmaka jJAna, upamita karanA yA pahacAnanA bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| pratyabhijJAna meM do aoM kA saMkalana hotA hai| usake tIna rUpa vanate haiM(1) pratyakSa aura smRti kA saMkalana : (ka) yaha vahI nirgrantha hai| (kha) yaha usake sahaza hai| (ga) yaha usase vilakSaNa hai| (gha) yaha usase choTA hai| pahale AkAra me-nirgrantha kI vartamAna avasthA kA atIta kI avasthA ke sAtha saMkalana hai, isalie yaha ekatva pratyabhijJA' hai| dUsare AkAra me-dRSTa vastu kI pUrva dRSTa vastu se tulanA hai| isalie yaha sAdRzya pratyabhijJA hai| ____tIsare AkAra meM tRSTa vastu kI pUrva dRSTa vastu se vilakSaNatA hai, imalie yaha 'vaisadRzya pratyabhijJA' hai| cauthe AkAra meM dRSTa vastu kI pUrva dRSTa vastu pratiyogI hai, isalie yaha 'pratiyogI pravabhizA' hai| (2) do pratyakSo kA saMkalana (ka) yaha isake sadRza hai| (kha) yaha isase vilakSaNa hai| (ga) yaha isase choTA hai| - isame dono pratyakSa haiN| (3) do smRtiyo kA saMkalana (ka) vaha usake sadRza hai| (kha) vaha usase vilakSaNa hai|

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60 jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA (ga) vaha usase choTA hai| isameM dono parokSa haiN| tarka anvaya vyApti naiyAyika tarka ko pramANa kA anugrAhaka yA sahAyaka mAnate haiM 1 bauddha ise apramANa mAnate haiN| jaina-dRSTi ke anusAra yaha parokSa-pramANa kA eka bheda hai| yaha pratyakSa meM nahIM smaataa| pratyakSa se do vastuoM kA jJAna ho sakatA hai kintu vaha unake sambandha meM koI niyama nahIM bnaataa| yaha ami hai, yaha dhuMA hai-yaha pratyakSa kA viSaya hai kintu :(1) dhUma hone para ami avazya hotI hai| / (2) dhUma ami meM hI hotA hai| (3) agni ke abhAva meM dhUma nahIM hotaa| vyatireka vyApti -yaha pratyakSa kA kAma nahI, tarka kA hai| hama pratyakSa, smRti aura pratyabhijJA kI sahAyatA se aneka prAmANika niyamo kI sRSTi karate haiN| ve hI niyama hameM anumAna karane kA sAhasa baMdhAte haiN| varka ko pramANa mAne binA anumAna ko prAmANikatA apane Apa miTa jAtI hai| tarka aura anumAna kI nIMva eka hai| meda sirpha UparI hai / tarka eka vyApaka niyama hai aura anumAna usakA ekadezIya prayoga / taka kA kAma hai, dhueM ke sAtha agni kA nizcita sambandha btaanaa| anumAna kA kAma hai, usa niyama ke sahAre amuka sthAna meM ami kA zAna karAnA (tarka se dhueM ke sAtha agni kI vyAti jAnI jAtI haiM kintu isa parvata meM 'agni haiM yaha nahIM jAnA jaataa| 'isa parvata me agni hai-yaha anumAna kA sAdhya hai|) tarka kA sAdhya kevala agni (dharma) hotA hai| anumAna kA sAdhya hotA hai-"agnimAn parvata" (dhrmii)| dUsare zabdoM meM varka ke sAdhya kA AdhAra anumAna kA sAdhya banatA hai| nyAya kI tIna paridhiyAM haiM(1) smbhv-sty|

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [ 61 (2) anumAnataH satya / (3) dhruva satya / 0 akuzala vyakti sambhava-satya se satya ko DhUMDhatA hai siyAyAdhIza anumAnita satya se satya kA patA lagAte haiM dArzanika kA nyAya ina donoM se mitra haiN| vaha dhruva satya - vyApti ke dvArA satya kI zodha karatA hai / dhruva satya niyamo kI nizcita jAnakArI tarka hai / usake dvArA nizcita niyamo ke anusAra anumAna hotA hai / tarka kA prayojakatva "svabhAve tArkikA bhagnAH"--svabhAva ke kSetra meM tarka kA koI prayojana nahI hotA / ) isIlie jaina darzana meM do prakAra ke padArtha mAne haiM hetu gamya (tarka - gamya) aura ahetugamya (tarka-agamya ) / pahalI bAta --- tarka kA apanA kSetra kArya-kAraNavAda yA avinAbhAva yA vyApti hai / vyApti kA nizcaya tarka ke binA aura kisI se nahIM hotA / isakA nizcaya anumAna se kiyA jAye to usakI ( vyApti ke nizcaya ke lie prayukta anumAna kI ) vyApti ke nizcaya ke lie phira eka dUsare anumAna kI zrAvazyakatA hogii| kAraNa yaha hai ki anumAna vyApti kA smaraNa hone para hI hotA hai| sAdhana aura sAdhya ke sambandha kA nizcaya hone para hI sAdhya kA jJAna hotA hai / pahale anumAna kI vyAti 'ThIka hai yA nahIM' isa nizcaya ke lie dUsarA anumAna Aye to dUsare anumAna kI vahI gati hogI aura usakI vyApti kA nirNaya karane ke lie phira tIsarA anumAna AyegA / isa prakAra anumAnaparamparA kA anta na hogA / yaha anavasthA kA rAstA hai, nahI milatA / isase koI nirNaya dUsarI bAta----vyApti apane nizcaya ke lie anumAna kA sahArA le aura anumAna vyApti kA yaha anyonyAzraya doSa hai / apane-apane nizcaya meM paraspara eka dUsare ke Azrita hone kA artha hai- anizcaya / jisakA yaha ghor3A hai, usakA sevaka hU~ aura jisakA maiM sevaka hU~ usakA yaha ghor3A hai - isakA artha mai

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62] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA yaha huA ki kucha bhI samajha meM nahIM aayaa| isalie byAti kA nizcaya karane ke lie tarka ko pramANa mAnanA Avazyaka hai| anumAna anumAna taka kA kArya hai| tarka dvArA nizcita niyama ke AdhAra para yaha utpanna hotA hai| parvata siddha hotA hai aura agni bhii| anumAna inheM nahIM mAdhatA / vaha 'isa parvata meM ami hai (amimAnayaM parvataH ) ise mAdhatA hai| isa siddhi kA AdhAra vyAti hai / anumAna kA parivAra tarka-zAstra ke vIja kA vikAsa anumAnarUpI kalpataru ke rUpa meM hotA hai| kaI naiyAyika AcArya paJcavAkyAtmaka prayoga ko hI nyAya mAnate haiM nigamana phala prAti hai / vaha samasta pramANoM ke vyApAra se hotI hai / pratijJA meM zabda, hetu meM anumAna, dRSTAnta meM pratyakSa, upanaya meM upamAna-isa prakAra sabhI pramANa A jAte haiN| ina sabake yoga se phalitArtha nikalatA hai-aisA nyAya vArtikakAra kA mata hai| vyavahAra-dRSTi se jaina-dRSTi bhI isase sahamata hai| yadyapi paJcAvayava meM pramANa kA samAveza karanA Avazyaka nahI lagatA, phira bhI tarka-zAstra kA mukhya viSaya sAdhana ke dvArA sAdhya kI siddhi hai, isameM dvaita nahI ho sakatA) anumAna apane lie svArtha hotA hai, vaise dUsaroM ke lie parArtha bhI hotA hai| 'svArtha' jJAnAtmaka hotA hai aura 'parArtha' vacanAtmaka / 'svArtha' kI do zAkhAe hotI hai-pakSa aura hetu / 'pagartha' kI, jahA~ zrotA tIvra buddhi hotaa| vahA~ sirpha ye do zAkhAeM aura jahA~ zrotA maMda buddhi hotA hai vahA~ pAMca zAgvAe hotI haiM - (1) pkss| (2) hetu| (3) dRssttaant| ( upny| (5) nigmn|

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA 3 svArtha aura parArtha anumAna vAstava meM 'svArtha' hI hotA hai| anumAtA zrotA ko vacanAtmaka hetu ke dvArA sAdhya kA jJAna karAtA hai, taba vaha vacana zrotA ke anumAna kA kAraNa banatA hai / vacana-pratipAdaka ke anumAna kA kArya aura zrotA ke anumAna kA kAraNa vanatA hai| pratipAdaka ke anumAna kI apekSA kArya ko kAraNa mAnakara (kAraNa meM kArya kA upacAra kara) aura zrotA ke anumAna kI apekSA kAraNa ko kArya mAnakara (kArya meM kAraNa kA upacAra kara) vacana ko anumAna kahA jAtA hai| vyApti byAsi ke ho bheTa hai-antarvyApti aura bahirvyApti / pakSIkRta viSaya meM hI sAdhana kI sAdhya ke sAtha vyAti mile, anyatra na mile, yaha antApti hotI hai / AtmA hai yaha hamArA pakSa hai / 'caitanyaguNa milatA hai, isalie vaha hai' yaha hamArA sAdhana hai / isakI vyAti yo vanatI hai jahA~-jahA~ caitanya hai, vahA~vahA~ AtmA hai| kintu isake lie dRSTAnta koI nahIM bana sktaa| kyoki yaha vyAti apane viSaya ko apane Apa meM sameTa letI hai| usakA samAnadharmA koI bacA nahI rahatA bahiyA'ti meM sAdharmya milatA hai| pakSIkRta viSaya ke sivAya bhI sAdhana kI sAdhya ke sAtha vyAti milatI hai / parvata agnimAn hai'yaha pakSa hai / dhUma hai, isalie vaha amimAn hai-yaha sAdhana hai / 'jahA~-jahA~ dhUma hai, vahA~ vahA~ ami hai'-isakA dRSTAnta bana makatA hai jaise rasoI ghara yA anya agnimAn pradeza / hetu-bhAva aura abhAva avicAra hote haiM :(1) prAk / (2) pradhvasa / (3) itaretara / (4) atyanta / (bhAva jaise vastu svarUpa kA sAdhaka hai, vaise abhAva bhI / bhAva ke vinA vastu kI sattA tahIM banatI to amAva ke binA bhI usakI sattA svatantra nahIM bntii|

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64 jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA 'hai' yaha jaise vastu kA svabhAva hai vaise hI 'sva lakSaNa hai-asaMkIrNa haiyaha bhI usakA svabhAva hai| agara hama vastu ko kevala bhAvAtmaka mAneM to usameM parivartana nahIM ho sktaa| vaha hotA hai| eka kSaNa se dUsare kSaNa meM, eka deza se dUsare deza meM, eka sthiti se dUsarI sthiti meM vastu jAtI hai| yaha kAlakRta, dezakRta aura avasthAkRta parivartana vastu se sarvathA bhinna nahIM hotaa| dUsare kSapa, deza aura avasthAvatI vastu se pahale kSaNa, deza aura avasthAvatI vastu kA sambandha jur3a hI nahIM sakatA, agara abhAva usakA svabhAva na ho| parivartana kA artha hI yahI hai-bhAva aura amAva kI ekAzrayatA / 'sarvathA miTa jAya, sarvathA nayA vana jAya yaha parivartana nahIM hotaa| parivartana yaha hotA hai jo miTe bhI vane bhI aura phira bhI dhArA na deN| pAdAna kAraNa meM isakI sApha bhAvanA hai| kAraNa hI kArya vanatA hai| kAraNa kA bhAva miTatA hai, kArya kA abhAva miTatA hai taba eka vastu banatI hai| vanate vanate usameM kAraNa kA abhAva aura kArya kA bhAva A jAtA hai| yaha kAryakAraNa sApekSa bhAvAbhAva eka vastugata hote haiM, vaise hI svagupa-paraguNApekSa bhAvAmAva mI eka vastugata hote haiN| agara yaha na mAnA jAya to vastu nirvikAra, ananta, sarvAtmaka aura ekAtmaka vana jaaegii| kintu aisA hotA nhii| vastu meM vikAra hotA hai| pahalA rUpa miTatA hai, dUsarA banatA hai| miTane vAlA rUpa banane vAle lpa kA prAk-amAva hotA hai, dUsare zabdoM meM upAdAna kAraNa kArya kA prAk-amAva hotA hai| vIja miTA, aMkura bnaa| bIja ke miTane kI dazA meM hI aMkura kA prAdurbhAva hogaa| prAk-RbhAva anAdi-sAnta hai| jaba taka vIja kA aMkura nahIM banatA, taba taka bIja meM aMkura kA prAka-trabhAva rahatA hai| aMkura banate hI prAk-abhAva miTa jAtA hai| jo loga pratyeka anAdi vastu ko nAza rahita (ananta) mAnate haiM, yaha ayuna hai, yaha isase samajhA jA sakatA hai| prAk-amAva jaise nirvikAratA kA virodhI hai, vaine hI pradhvanAmAva panna kI anantatA kA virodhI hai| prabaMsa amAva na ho to vastu banane ke bAda miTane kA nAma hI na le, vaha ananta ho jaay| para aimA hotA rahA hai !

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jaina darzana maiM pramANa momAMsA 65 dUsarI paryAya banatI hai, pahalI miTa jAtI hai| vRkSa kArya hai / vaha TUTatA hai, taba usakI lakar3I banatI hai| dUsare kArya meM pahale kArya kA pradhvasa-rUpa abhAva hotA hai| lakar3I meM vRkSa kA prabhAva hai yA yo kahie lakar3I..vRkSa kA pradhvaMsAbhAva hai| lakar3I kI trAvirbhAva-dazA meM vRkSa kI tirobhAva-dazA huI hai| madhyamAbhAva sAdi-ananta hai| jisa vRkSa kI lakar3I banI, usase vahI vRkSa kabhI nahIM bntaa| isase yaha bhI samajhie ki pratyeka sAdi padArtha sAnta nahIM hotaa| ___ apara kI paMktiyo ko thor3e meM yU samajha lIjie-vartamAna dazA pUrvadazA kArya banatI hai aura uttara dazA kA kAraNa / pUrvadazA usakA prAk-abhAva hotA hai aura uttara dazA pradhyama-abhAva / eka bAta aura sApha kara lenI cAhie ki dravya sAdi-sAnta nahIM hote| mAdi-sAnta dravya kI paryAeM (avasthAeM) hotI haiN| avasthAeM anAdi-ananta nahIM hotI kintu pUrva-avasthA kAraNa rUpa meM anAdi hai| usase banane vAlI vastu pahale kabhI nahI bnii| uttara avasthA miTane ke bAda phira vaisI kabhI nahIM banegI, imalie vaha ananta hai| yaha sArI eka hI dravya kI pUrva-uttaravartI dazAzrI kI carcA hai| aba hame aneka sajAtIya dravyo kI carcA karanI hai| (khambhA paudgalika aura ghar3A bhI paudgalika hai kintu khambhA ghar3A nahI hai aura ghar3A khambhA nahIM hai| dono eka jAti ke haiM phira bhI dono do hai| yaha 'itaraitara-abhAva' Apasa meM eka dUsare kA abhAva hai ) khambhe meM ghar3e kA aura ghar3e me khambhe kA abhAva hai| yaha na ho to hama vastu kA lakSaNa kaise banAye ! kisako khammA kahe aura kisako ghdd'aa| phira saba ekameka bana jAe ge, yaha abhAva sAdi-sAnta hai| khamme ke pudgala skandha ghar3e ke rUpa meM aura ghar3e ke pudgala skaMdha khamme ke rUpa meM badala sakate haiM kintu sarvathA vijAtIya dravya ke lie yaha niyama nhiiN| cetana-acetana aura acetana-cetana tIna kAla me bhI nahIM hote| isakA nAma hai-atyanta amAva 1 yaha anAdi-ananta hai| isake vinA cetana aura acetana ina do atyanta bhinna padArthoM kI tAdAtmyanivRtti siddha nahIM hotii| sAdhya-dharsa aura dharmI sAdhya aura sAdhana kA sambandha mAtra jAnane meM sAdhya dharma hI hotA hai|

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66] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA kAraNa ki dhue ke mAtha agni hone kA niyama hai, vaise amimAn parvata hone kA niyama nahIM bntaa| agni parvata ke sivAya anyatra bhI milatI hai| sAdhan ke prayogakAla meM sAdhya dharmI hotA hai| dhamIM tIna prakAra kA hotA hai (1) buddhi-siddh| (2) prmaann-siddh| (3) ubhaya-siddha / (1) pramANa se jisakA astitva yA nAstitva siddha na ho kintu astitva yA nAstitva siddha karane ke lie no zAbdika rUpa meM mAna liyA gayA ho, vaha 'buddhi-siddha dharmI' hotA hai| jaise-'sarvajJa hai' / astitva siddhi se pahale sarvajJa kisI bhI pramANa dvArA siddha nahI hai| usakA astitva siddha karane ke lie pahale pahala jaba dharmI banAyA jAtA hai, taba usakA astitva buddhi se hI mAnA jAtA hai| pramANa dvArA usakA astitva bAda me siddha kiyA jaaegaa| thor3e me yo samajhie-jisa sAdhya kA astitva yA nAstitva sAdhanA ho, vaha dharmI buddhi-siddha yA vikalpa siddha hotA hai| (2) jisakA astitva pratyakSa Adi pramANo se siddha ho, vaha dharmI 'pramANa siddha hotA hai| 'isa vAdala meM pAnI hai'bAdala hamAre pratyakSa hai| usame pAnI dharma ko siddha karane ke lie hameM bAdala, jo dharmI hai, ko kalpanA se mAnane kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hotii| (3) 'manuSya maraNazIla hai'yahA~ mriyamANa manuSya pratyakSa-siddha hai aura mRta tathA mariSyamANa manuSya buddhi-siddha | "manuSya maraNazIla hai" isame koI eka khAsa dharmI nahIM, sabhI manuSya dhamIM haiN| pramANa-siddha dhIM vyaktyAtmaka hotA hai, usa sthiti meM ubhaya-siddha dhamI jaatyaatmk| ubhaya-siddha dharmI meM sattA asattA ke sivAya zeSa saba dharma sAdhya ho sakate haiN| anumAna ko nAstika ke sivAya prAyaH sabhI darzana pramANa mAnate haiN| nAstika vyApti kI nirNAyakatA svIkAra nahIM krte| usake vinA anumAna hI nahIM sktaa| vyAti ko sadigdha mAnane kA artha tarka se pare haTanA honA caahie|

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA anumAna 1 40 - svArtha pakSa hetu pakSa hetu pakSa hetu dRSTAnta upanaya nigamana (tIvra buddhi zrotA) (maMda buddhi zrotA) hetu ke prakAra hetu ke do prakAra hote haiM -(1) upalabdhi (2) anupalabdhi / ye dono vidhi aura niSedha ke sAdhaka haiN| aAcArya hemacandra ne anupalabdhi ko vidhi-sAdhaka hetu ke rUpa meM sthAna nahI diyA hai| parIkSAmukha meM vidhi-sAdhaka chaha upalabdhiyo evaM tIna anupalabdhiyoM kA tathA niSedha-sAdhaka chaha upalabdhiyo evaM sAta anupalabdhiyoM kA nirUpaNa hai| isakA vikAsa pramANanayatatvAloka me huA hai| vahA~ vidhi-sAdhaka chaha upalabdhiyo evaM pAMca anupalabdhiyoM kA tathA niSedha-sAdhaka sAta sAta upalabdhiyo evaM anupalabdhiyoM kA ullekha hai / prastuta vargIkaraNa pramANanayatatvAloka ke anusAra hai| vidhi-sAdhaka upalabdhi-hetu sAdhya se aviruddha rUpa meM upalabdha hone ke kAraNa jo hetu sAdhya kI sattA ko siddha karatA hai, vaha aviruddhopalabdhi kahalAtA hai| aviruddha-upalabdhi ke chaha prakAra haiM :(1) aviruddhacyApya-upalabdhi : sAdhya-zabda pariNAmI hai / hetu-kyoMki vaha prayatna-janya hai| yahA~ prayana-janyatva vyApya hai| vaha pariNAmitva se aviruddha hai / isalie prayatna-janyatva se zabda kA pariNAmittva siddha hotA hai| (2) aviruddha kArya upalabdhi : sAdhya--isa parvata para ami hai / hetu-kyoki dhuzrA hai| dhunA agni kA kArya hai / vaha agni se aviruddha hai| isalie dhUma-kArya se parvata para hI ami kI siddhi hotI hai|

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- ] jaina darzana maiM pramANa momosAM (3) aviruddha-kAraNa-upalabdhi : sAdhya - varpA hogI / hetu -- kyoMki viziSTa prakAra ke bAdala maMDarA rahe haiM / arcat kI viziSTa prakAratA varSA kA kAraNa hai aura usakA virodhI nahI hai | (4) aviruddha - pUrva cara upalabdhi : sAdhya - eka mUhartta ke bAda tiSya nakSatra kA udaya hogA / hetu -- kyoki punarvasu kA udaya ho cukA hai| 'punarvasu kA udaya' yaha hetu 'tiSyodaya' sAdhya kA pUrvacara hai aura usakA virodhI nahIM hai| - (5) aviruddha-uttaracara upalabdhi : sAdhya - eka mUhartta pahale pUrvA phAlgunI kA udaya huA thA / hetu -- kyoMki uttara- phAlgunI kA udaya ho cukA hai / uttara- phAlgunI kA udaya pUrvA phAlgunI ke udaya kA nizcita uttaravartI hai / (6) viruddha sahacara - upalabdhi :-- sAdhya - isa Ama meM rUpa vizeSa hai / hetu -- kyoki rasa vizeSa AsvAdyamAna hai / yahAeN rasa (hetu ) rUpa ( sAdhya ) kA nitya sahacArI hai| niSedha-sAdhaka upalabdhi hetu sAdhya se viruddha hone ke kAraNa jo hetu usake abhAva ko siddha karatA hai, vaha viruddhopalabdhi kahalAtA hai / viruddhopalabdhi ke sAta prakAra haiM : (1) svabhAva - viruddha - upalabdhi :sAdhya - sarvathA ekAnta nahI hai / hetu -- kyoMki anekAnta upalabdha ho rahA hai / anekAnta - ekAnta svabhAva ke viruddha hai / (2) viruddha vyApya - upalabdhi :-- sAdhya - - isa puruSa kA tattva meM nizcaya nahIM hai /

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [69 hetu-kyoMki sandeha hai| 'sandeha hai' yaha nizcaya nahIM hai| isakA vyApya hai| isalie sandeha-dazA meM nizcaya kA abhAva hogA / ye dono virodhI haiM / (3) viruddha-kArya-upalabdhi :sAdhya-isa puruSa kA krodha zAnta nahI huA hai| hetu-kyoMki mukha-vikAra ho rahA hai / mukha-vikAra krodha kI virodhI vastu kA kArya hai| (4) viruddha-kAraNa-upalabdhi :sAdhya-yaha maharSi asatya nahIM boltaa| hetu-kyoki isakA jJAna rAga-dveSa kI kaluSatA se rahita hai / yahaoN asatya-vacana kA virodhI, satya-vacana hai aura usakA kAraNa rAga-dvepa rahita zAna-sampanna honA hai| (5) aviruddha-pUrvacara upalabdhi :sAdhya-eka mUharta ke pazcAt puSya nakSatra kA udaya nahIM hogaa| hetu-kyoki amI rohiNI kA udaya hai| yahA~ pratiSedhya puSya nakSatra ke udaya se viruddha pUrvacara rohiNI nakSatra ke udaya kI upalabdhi hai / rohiNI ke pazcAt mRgazIrSa, ArdrA aura punarvasu kA udaya hotA hai / phira puNya kA udaya hotA hai| (6) viruddha-uttaracara-upalabdhi :sAdhya-eka muhUrta ke pahile mRgazirA kA udaya nahI huA thaa| . hetu-kyoki abhI pUrvA-phAlgunI kA udaya hai| yahA~ mRgazIrSa kA udaya pratiSedhya hai / pUrvA-phAlgunI kA udaya usakA virodhI hai / mRgazirA ke pazcAt kramazaH ArdrA, punarvasu, puSya, azlepA, maghA aura pUrvA phAlgunI kA udaya hotA hai| (7) viruddha-sahacara-upalabdhi :sAdhya-ise mithyA bhAna nahIM hai| hetu-kyoki samyag darzana hai| mithyA jJAna aura samyagu darzana eka sAtha nahIM raha sakate /

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70] niSedha-sAdhaka - anupalabdhi hetu pratiSedhya se viruddha hone ke kAraNa jo hetu, usakA pratiSedhya siddha karatA hai, vaha aviruddhAnupalabdhi kahalAtA hai / jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA viruddhAnupalabdhi ke sAta prakAra haiM : (1) viruddha svabhAva - anupalabdhi :sAdhya - yahA~ ghaTa nahIM hai / hetu -- kyoMki usakA dRzya svabhAva upalabdha nahIM ho rahA hai / catu kA viSaya honA ghaTa kA svabhAva hai / yahA~ isa aviruddha svabhAva se 1 hI pratipedhya kA pratiSedha hai / (2) aviruddha vyApaka anupalabdhi : sAdhya --- yahA~ panasa nahI hai / hetu -- kyoki vRkSa nahIM hai / vRkSa vyApaka hai, panasa vyApya / yaha vyApaka kI anupalabdhi meM vyApya kA pratiSedha hai / (3) viruddha kArya anupalabdhi : sAdhya - yahA~ apratihata zakti vAle bIja nahIM hai / hetu - kyoki akura nahIM dIkha rahe haiM / yaha virodhI kArya kI anupalabdhi ke kAraNa kA pratipaMdha hai| (4) viruddha- kAraNa - anupalabdhi : sAdhya -- isa vyakti me prazamabhAva nahIM hai / hetu -- kyoMki ise samyag darzana prApta nahI huA hai| prazama nAva -- -- samyag darzana kA kArya hai / yaha kAraNa ke abhAva meM kArya kA pratiSedha hai / (5) aviruddha - pUrva cara anupalabdhi : mAdhya - eka muhUrtta ke pazcAt svAti kA udaya nahIM hogA / hetu - kyoki abhI citrA kA udaya nahI hai / yaha citrA ke pUrvavartI udaya ke abhAva dvArA svAti ke uttaravartI udaya vA pratiSedha hai / (6) aviruddha-uttaracara- anupalabdhi : sAdhya - eka mahattaM pahale pUrvAbhAdrapadA kA udaya nahIM huA thA !

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA hetu -- kyoki uttara bhAdrapadA kA udaya nahIM hai| yaha uttara bhAdrapadA ke uttaravartI udaya ke prabhAva ke dvArA pUrva bhAdrapadA ke pUrvavartI udaya kA pratiSedha hai / [ 71 (7) viruddha sahacara anupalabdhi :- . sAdhya-- ise samyag jJAna prApta nahIM hai / hetu -- kyoMki samyag darzana nahIM hai| samyag jJAna aura samyag darzana dono niyata sahacArI haiN| isalie yaha eka ke abhAva meM dUsare kA pratiSedha hai / vidhi-sAdhaka anupalabdhi hetu sAdhya ke viruddha rUpa kI upalabdhi na hone ke kAraNa jo hetu usakI sattA ko siddha karatA hai, vaha viruddhAnupalabdhi kahalAtA hai / viruddhAnupalabdhi hetu ke pAMca prakAra haiM :-- (1) viruddha kArya - anupalabdhi : sAdhya -- isake zarIra meM roga hai / hetu -- kyoMki svastha pravRttiyAM nahIM mila rahIM haiN| svastha pravRttiyo kA bhAva roga virodhI kArya hai| usakI yahA~ anupalabdhi hai / (2) viruddha - kAraNa - anupalabdhi : sAdhya - yaha manuSya kaSTa meM phasA huA hai / hetu ---- kyoki ise iSTa kA sayoga nahI mila rahA hai / kaSTa ke bhAva kA virodhI kAraNa iSTa sayoga hai, vaha yahA~ anupalabdha hai / (3) viruddha svabhAva - anupalabdhi : sAdhya -- vastu samUha anekAntAtmaka hai / hetu -- kyoMki ekAnta svabhAva hI anupalabdhi hai / (4) viruddha vyApaka - anupalabdhi : mAdhya -yahA~ chAyA hai 1 hetu kyoki uSNatA nahI hai / (5) viruddha - sahacara anupalabdhi : sAdhya - ise mithyA jJAna prApta hai |hetu - kyoki ise sabhyuga darzana prApta nahIM haiN|

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mAtra gana) yabhAra (nipebha yA anupalabhi) Erfumer(Ans) pratiropagApaka (vikara) pratirodhamAdhaka (aviruda) vibhimAdhaka (vinda) REE TET, P, Tr, Ara, kAga, kAma, kArya kAraNa vyApaka myabhAra 22 23 24 25 mahAnara 26 ramAra 8 6 para kArya kArana pUrvanara 10 11 12 uttaracara mahAcara 13 14 ramA ra sarva RTI Ara gannA

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73-90 - ArAma pramANa Agama vAk-prayoga zabda kI arthavodhakatA zabda aura artha kA sambandha zabda kA yAthArthya aura ayAthArthya satya-vacana kI daza apekSAe~ pramANa-samanvaya samanvaya pramAtA aura pramANa kA medAmeda pramAtA va prameya kA bhedAbheda pramANa aura phala kA bhedAbheda

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AtmAgama ( gaNadhara ) 1 sUca 1 paraparAgama AtmAgama (ziSya) (praziSya) (tIrthakara ) anatarAgama Agama anaMtarAgama ( gaNadhara ) paraparAgama zrAtmAgama (ziSya) tIrthakara kI apekSA - artha -- AtmAgama | gaNadhara kI apekSA - sUtra - AtmAgama artha -- anatarAgama | gaNadhara - ziSya kI apekSA sUtra - anaMtarAgama - artha - paramparAgama / tadu-ziSya ziSya kI apekSA-sUtra-- paraMparAgama-artha-- paramparAgama / anatarAgama paraparAgam

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jaina darzana meM pramANa bhImAsA ico jJAtA, bheya aura vacana, ina tIno kI saMhitA Agama kA samagra spa hai| zAtA jJAna karAne vAlA aura karane vAlA dono hote hai| jJeya pahale ne jAna rakhA hai, dumare ko jAnanA hai| bucana pahale ke jJAna kA prakAza hai aura dUsare ke jJAna kA sAdhana / jeya anantazaktiyo, guNA, avasthAoM kA akhaNDapiNDa hotA hai| umakA svarUpa anekAntAtmaka hotA hai| zeya Agama kI rIDha hotA hai, phira bhI usake AdhAra para Agama ke vibhAga nahIM hote| jJAtA kI dRSTi se isakA eka bheTa hotA hai-arthAgama | vacana kI dRSTi se isake tIna vibhAga banate haiM (1)syAdvAda-pramANa vAkya / (2) mavAda-naya vAkya / (3) durNaya-mizyA shrut| dUsare zabdo mere| (1) anekAnta vacana, (2) sat-ekAnta vacana (3) asat-ekAnta vacana / vAk-prayoga __ varNa se pada, pada se vAkya aura vAkya se bhASA banatI hai / bhASA anakSara bhI hotI hai para vaha spaSTa nahIM hotii| spaSTa bhASA akSarAtmaka hI hotI hai| akSara tIna prakAra ke haiM - (1) saMjJAkSara-akSara-lipi / (2) vyaJjanAtara-akSara kA uccAraNa / (3) labdhyakSara-akSara kA jJAna-upayoga / ye tIna prakAra ke haiM-(1) rUDha (2) yaugika (3) mina C jinakI utpatti nahIM hotI, ve zabda 'rUr3ha hote hai guNa, kriyA, sambandha Adi ke yoga se banane vAle zabda 'yaugika' kahalAte haiM jiname do zabdo kA yoga hone para bhI parAvRtti nahIM ho sakatI, ve 'mitra' haiM." nAma aura kriyA ke ekAzrayI yoga ko vAkya kahate haiN| zabda yA vacana dhvani rUpa paudagalika pariNAma hotA hai| vaha jJApaka yA batAne vAlA hotA hai| vaha cetana ke vAkaprayatna se paidA hotA hai aura avayava-saMyoga se bhI, sArthaka bhI hotA hai aura nirarthaka bhii| acetana ke saghAta aura bheda se paidA hotA hai, vaha nirarthaka hI hotA hai, artha prerita nahI hotA 12 // - -

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no-bhApA zabda bhASA zabda no Atodyazabda no-akSara sambaddha akSara sambada Atodyazabda no-bhUSaNa zabda tata bhUpaNa zabda vitata pANi zabda ghana zabda zuzira zabda ghana zabda zuzira zabda tAla zabda -(sthA. 2-381)

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsA [ 79 zabda kI artha bodhakatA zabda artha kA bodhaka banatA hai, isake do hetu haiM ( 1 ) svAbhAvika ( 2 ) samaya yA saMketa 13 naiyAyika svAbhAvika zakti ko svIkAra nahIM karate / ve kevala saMketa ko hI arthazAna kA hetu mAnate haiM 14 | isa para jaina - dRSTi yaha haiM ki yadi zabda meM artha bodhaka zakti sahaja nahI hotI to usameM saMketa bhI nahI kiyA jA sakatA / saketa rUr3hi hai, vaha vyApaka nahIM / "amuka vastu ke lie amuka zabda " -- yaha mAnyatA hai / deza kAla ke bheda se yaha aneka bheda vAlI hotI hai| eka deza meM eka zabda kA kucha hI / hameM isa saketa yA mAnyatA ke AdhAra para dRSTi saketa kA AdhAra hai zabda kI sahaja artha prakAzana zakti / sakatA hai, kisako batAe, yaha bAta saMketa para nirbhara hai| aura ajJAtakAlIna donoM prakAra ke hote haiN| artha kI anekatA ke kAraNa zabda ke aneka rUpa banate haiM, jaise- jAtivAcaka, vyaktivAcaka, kriyAvAcaka artha kucha hI hotA hai aura dUsare deza meM DAlanI cAhie / zabda artha ko batA saMketa zAtakAlIna Adi-Adi / zabda aura artha kA sambandha zabda aura artha kA vAcya vAcakabhAva sambandha hai / vAdhya se vAcaka na sarvathA bhinna hai aura na sarvathA abhinna / sarvathA meda hotA to zabda ke dvArA artha kA jJAna nahI hotA / vAcya ko apanI sattA ke jJApana ke lie vAcaka cAhie aura vAcaka ko apanI sArthakatA ke lie vAcya caahie| zabda kI vAcakaparyAya vAcya ke nimitta se banatI hai aura artha kI vAyaparyAya zabda ke nimitta se banatI hai, isalie donoM meM kathaMcit tAdAtmya hai / sarvathA ameda isalie nahIM ki vAcya kI kriyA vAcaka kI kriyA se bhinna hai / vAcaka bodha karAne kI paryAya meM hotA hai aura vAcya jJeya paryAya meN)| vAcya vAcakabhAva kI pratIti tarka ke dvArA hotI hai | eka AdamI ne apane sevaka se kahA- 'roTI lAno' / sevaka roTI lAyA / eka tIsarA vyakti jo roTI ko nahI jAnatA, vaha donoM kI pravRtti dekha kara jAna jAtA hai ki yaha vastu 'roTI' zabda ke dvArA vAcya hai| isakI vyApti yo banatI hai--"vastu ke prati jo zabdAnusArI pravRtti hotI hai, vaha brAcya vAcaka bhAva vAlI

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50] jaina darzana meM pramANa bhImAsA hotI hai / "jahA~ vAcya-vAcaka bhAva nahIM hotA, vahA~ zabda ke anusAra artha ke prati pravRtti nahI hotii|" zabda kA yAthArthya aura ayAthArthya zabdra paudgalika hotA hai| vaha apane Apa meM yathArtha yA ayathArtha kucha bhI nahI hotaa| vaktA ke dvArA usakA yathArtha yA ayathArtha prayoga hotA hai| yathArtha prayoga ke syAdvAda aura naya-ye do prakAra haiN| durNaya imalie AgamAmAsa hotA hai ki vaha yathArtha prayoga nahI hotA) vacana kI satyatA ke do pahalU haiM, prayogakAlIna aura arthagrahaNakAlIna eka vaktA para nirbhara hai, dUsarA zrautA para / , vaktA yathArtha prayoga karatA hai, vaha satya hai / zrotA yathArtha grahaNa kratA hai, vaha satya hai| ye donoM satya apekSA se jur3e hue haiN| satya vacana kI dasa apekSAe' satya vacana ke lie dasa apekSAe hai16 :(1) janapada, deza yA rASTra kI apekSA matya / (2) sammata yA ruuddhi-sty| (3) sthApanA kI apekSA satya / (4) nAma kI apekSA sty| (5) rUpa kI apekSA satya / (6) pratItya-satya-dUsarI vastu kI apekSA satya / __jaise-kaniSThA kI apekSA anAmikA bar3I aura madhyamA kI apekSA choTI hai| eka hI vastu choTI aura bar3I donoM ho; yaha viruddha bAta hai, aisA Aropa AtA hai kintu yaha ThIka nhiiN| eka hI vastu kA choTApana aura moTApana dono tAttvika haiM aura paraspara viruddha bhI nahIM haiN| isalie nahIM hai ki dono ke nimitta do hai| yadi anAmikA ko eka hI kaniSThA yA madhyamA kI apekSA choTI-bar3I kahA jAya taba virodha AtA hai kintu "choTI kI apekSA bar3I aura bar3I kI apekSA choTI" isameM koI virodha nahI AtA eka nimitta se paraspara virodhI do kArya nahI ho sakate kintu do nimitta se vaise dI kArya hone meM koI Apatti nahIM // choTApana aura moTApana tAlika nahIM hai| RjutA

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [1 aura vanatA kI bhA~ti dUsare nimitta kI apekSA rakhe binA pratIta nahIM hotii| isalie unakI pratIti dUsare kI apekSA se hotI hai, isalie ve kAlpanika haiM, aisI zaMkA hotI hai para samajhane para bAta aisI nahIM hai| vastu meM do prakAra kedharma hote haiM: (1) parapratIti-sApekSa-sahakArI dvArA vyakta / (2) parapratIti-nirapekSa svataH vyakta / astitva Adi guNa svataH vyakta hote haiN| choTA, bar3A Adi dharma mahakArI dvArA vyakta hote haiN| gulAba meM surabhi apane Apa vyakta hai| pRthvI me gandha pAnI ke saMyoga se vyakta hotI hai| choTA, vaDA-ye dharma kAlpanika ho to eka vastu meM dUsarI vastu ke samAveza kI (bar3I vastu meM choTI ke samAne kI) bAta anahonI hotii| isalie hameM mAnanA cAhie ki sahakArI vyaMga dharma kAlpanika nahIM hai 11 vastu ' meM ananta pariNatiyo kI kSamatA hotI hai| jaisA jaisA sahakArI kA sannidhAna hotA hai vesA hI umakA rUpa bana jAtA hai| "koI vyakti nikaTa se lamyA aura vahI dUra se ThiMganA dIkhatA hai, para vaha lambA aura ThiMganA eka sAtha nahIM ho sktaa| ataH lamvA va ThiMganA kevala manas ke vicAra mAtra haiN|" varkale kA yaha mata ucita nahI hai| lambA aura ThiMganA ye kevala manas ke vicAra mAtra hote to dUrI aura sAmIpya sApekSa nahIM hote| ukta dono dharma sApekSa haiM- eka vyakti jaise lambe vyakti kI apekSA ThiMganA aura ThiMgane kI apekSA lambA ho sakatA hai; vaise hI eka hI vyakti dUrI kI apekSA ThiMganA aura sAmIpya kI apekSA lambA ho sakatA hai| lambAI aura ThiMganApana eka sAtha nahIM hote, 'bhinna-bhinna sahakAriyo dvArA bhinna-bhinna kAla meM abhivyakta hote haiN| sAmIpya kI apekSA lambAI satya hai aura dUrI kI apekSA tthiNgnaapn| (7) vyavahArasatya-aupacArika satya-parvata jala rahA hai| (8) mAvasatya-vyakta paryAya kI apekSA se satya-dudha sapheda hai / (9) yogasatya-sambandha satya / (10) aupmy-sty|

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82] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA ___ pratyeka vastu ko acchI-burI, upayogI-anupayogI, hitakara-ahitakara jo kahA jAtA hai vaha deza, kAla, sthiti kI apekSA se sara hai| isIlie bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA-"satyavAdI ke lie vibhajyavAda kA avalamvana hI zreyaskara hai 20 ve svayaM isI mArga para cle| AtmA, loka Adi praznoM para mauna nahIM rahe / unhone ina prazno ko mahAtmA buddha kI bhaoNti avyAkRta 2 kahA aura na saMjaya-velahI putta kI bhA~ti bIca meM laTakAe rkhaa| unhone - satya ke aneka rUpoM kA aneka dRSTiyo se varNana kiyaa| loka meM jitane dravya haiM utane hI the aura rahege 21 / unameM na aNu mAtra kama hotA hai aura na adhika / janma aura mRtyu, utpAda aura nAza kevala avasthA parivartana hai| jo sthiti AtmA kI hai, vahI eka paramANu yA paudgalika skaMdha yA zarIra kI hai| AtmA ekAnta nitya nahIM hai, zarIra ekAnta anitya nahIM hai| pratyeka padArtha kA parivartana hotA rahatA hai| pahalA rUpa janma yA utpAda aura dUsarA rUpa mRtyu yA vinAza hai| avyucchedanaya kI dRSTi se padArtha sAnta hai / avicchedanaya kI dRSTi se cetana aura acetana sabhI vastueM sadA apane rUpa meM rahatI haiM, ananta hai 21 pravAha kI apekSA padArtha anAdi hai, sthiti (eka avasthA) kI apekSA sAdi 23 loka vyakti-saMkhyA kI dRSTi se eka hai, isalie sAnta hai| loka kI lambAI-caur3AI asaMkhya-yojana koDAkor3I hai, isa kSetradRSTi se sAnta hai| kAla aura bhAva kI dRSTi se vaha ananta hai / isa prakAra eka vastu kI aneka sthiti-janya anekarUpatA svIkAra kara bhagavAn mahAvIra ne viruddha pratIta hone vAle matavAda eka sUtra meM piro diye, tAtvika carcA ke nirNaya kA mArga prazasta kara diyA / bhagavAn se pUchA gayA--- "bhagavan ! jIva paramava ko jAte samaya sa indriya jAtA hai yA an indriya ?" bhagavAn-"sa-indriya bhI jAtA hai aura an indriya bhii|" gautama-"kaise ? bhagavan / ' bhagavAn-"jJAna indriya kI apekSA sa-indriya aura paudgalika indriya kI apekSA an-indriya / / paugalika indriyA sthUla zarIra se aura jJAna indriyAM AtmA se. sagkTa hotI haiM / sthUla zarIra chuTane para prauddha galika indriyAM nahIM rahatI, unakI apekSA

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA parabhavagAmI jIva an indriya jAtA hai| jJAna zakti prAtmA meM banI rahatI hai, isa dRSTi se vaha s-indriya jAtA hai 25 / gautama-"bhagavan ! duHkha AtmakRta hai, parakRta hai yA ubhayakRta ?" bhagavAn-"duHkha AtmakRta hai, parakRta nahIM hai, ubhayakRta nahIM 26 // " mahAtmA buddha zAzvatavAda aura ucchedavAda dono ko satya nahI mAnate the| unase pUchA gayA "bhagavan gautama ! kyA duHkha svayakRta hai" "kAzyapa ! aisA nahIM hai| "kyA duHkha parakRta hai?" "nhii| "kyA duHkha svakRta aura parakRta hai ?" "nahIM" "kyA asvakRta aparakRta duHkha hai " "taba kyA hai ? Apa to sabhI praznoM kA uttara nakAra meM dete haiM, aisA kyoM ? dukha svakRta hai, aisA kahane kA artha hotA hai ki jo karatA hai, vahI bhogatA hai, yaha zAzvatavAda hai / duHkha parakRta hai aisA kahane kA artha hotA hai ki duHkha karane vAlA koI dUsarA hai aura use bhogane vAlA koI dUsarA, yaha ucchedavAda hai ?" unane ina dono ko chor3akara madhyama mArga:matItyasamutpAda. 'kA upadeza diyaa| unakI dRSTi meM uttara pUrva se sarvathA asambaddha ho, apUrva ho yaha bAta bhI nahI, kintu pUrva ke astitva ke kAraNa hI uttara hotA hai| pUrva kI sArI zakti uttara meM A jAtI hai| pUrva kA kula saMskAra uttara ko mila jAtA hai| ataeva pUrva aba uttara rUpa me astitva meM haiN| uttara pUrva se sarvathA bhinna bhI nahI, abhinna bhI nahI kintu anyAkRta hai, kyoMki bhinna kahane para ucchedavAda aura aminna kahane para zAzvatavAda hotA hai"21 mahAtmA buddha ko ye donoM vAda mAnya nahI the, ataevaM aise praznoM kA unhoMne anyAkRta kahakara uttara diyaa|

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581 jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA bhagavAna mahAvIra bhI zAzvatabATa aura ucchedavAda ke viruddha the| isa viSaya me dono kI bhUmikA eka thI phira bhI bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA"tuHkha AtmakRta hai| kAraNa ki ve ina dono vATI se dUra bhAgane vAle nahIM the| unakI anekAntadRSTi me ekAntazAzvata yA uccheTa jaimI koI vastu thI hI nhiiN| duHkha ke karaNa aura bhoga meM jaise AtmA kI ekatA hai vaise hI karaNakAla meM aura bhogakAla meM unakI anekatA hai| bAtmA kI jo avasthA karaNakAla meM hotI hai, vahI bhogakAla meM nahIM hotI, yaha uccheda hai| karaNa aura bhoga dono eka AdhAra meM hote haiM, yaha zAzvata hai| zAzvata aura uccheda ke bhinna-bhinna rUpa kara jo vikala paddhati se nirUpaNa kiyA jAtA hai, vahI vibhajyavAda hai|| ima vikalpa-paddhati ke mamarthaka aneka saMvAda upalabdha hote haiN| eka savAda dekhie___ somila-"bhagavan ! kyA Apa eka hai yA do 1 akSaya, avyaya, avasthita haiM yA aneka bhUta bhavya-bhavika ?" bhagavAn-"somila ] meM eka bhI hU~ aura TI bhii|" somila-"yaha kaise bhagavan !" bhagavAn-"dravya kI dRSTi se eka hU~; somila ! jAna aura darzana kI dRSTi se do|| ____ "zrAtma-pradeza kI dRSTi se meM akSaya, avyaya, avasthita bhI hU~ aura bhUta-bhAvI kAla meM vividha viSayo para hone vAle upayoga (cetanA-vyApAra) kI dRSTi se parivartanazIla bhI huuN|" ___ yaha zakita bhASA nahIM hai| tattva-nirUpaNa meM unhone nizcita bhASA kA prayoga kiyA aura ziSyo ko bhI aisA hI upadeza diyaa| chamastha manuSya dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya, AkAza, zarIra rahita jIva Adi ko sarvabhAva se nahI jAna sakate 30 // __ atIta, vartamAna, yA bhaviSya kI jisa sthiti kI nizcita jAnakArI na ho taba 'aise hI hai' yUM nizcita bhASA nahIM bolanI cAhie aura yadi asadigdha jAnakArI ho to 'evameva' kahanA cAhie 11 kevala bhAvI kArya ke bAre meM

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA nizcayapUrvaka nahIM bolanA caahie| na mAlUma jo kAma karane kA saMkalpa hai, vaha adhUrA raha jaay| isalie bhAvI kArya ke lie 'amuka kArya karane kA ravicAra hai' yA 'yaha honA sambhava hai-yaha bhASA honI caahie| yaha kArya se sambandhita satyabhASA kI mImAMsA hai, tattva-nirUpaNa se isakA sambandha nahIM hai| tattva pratipAdana ke avasara para apekSApUrvaka nizcaya bhASA bolane meM koI Apatti nahIM hai / mahAtmA buddha ne kahA :(1) merI AtmA hai| (2) merI AtmA nahI hai| (3) maiM AtmA ko AtmA samajhatA huuN| (4) maiM anAtmA ko AtmA samajhatA huuN| (5) yaha jo merI AtmA hai, vaha puNya aura pApa karma ke vipAka kI bhogI hai| (6) yaha merI AtmA nitya hai, dhruva hai, zAzvata hai, avipariNAmidharmA hai, jaisI hai vaisI sadaiva rahegI / ina chaha dRSTiyo meM phaMsakara ajJAnI jIva jarA-maraNa se mukta nahIM hotA isalie sAdhaka ko inameM phaMsanA ucita nahIM / unake vicArAnusAra-"maiM bhUta kAla meM kyA thA ? maiM bhaviSyat kAla meM kyA hoUMgA ! maiM kyA hU~ ! yaha sattva kahA~ se AyA 1 yaha kahA~ jaaegaa| isa prakAra kA cintana 'ayoniso manasikAra' vicAra kA ayogya Dhaga hai| isase naye Asrava utpanna hote haiM aura utpanna Asrava vRddhigata hote hai|" bhagavAn mahAvIra kA siddhAnta ThIka isake viparIta thaa| unhone kahA(1) AtmA nahIM hai| (2) AtmAM nitya nahIM hai| (3) AtmA karma kI kartA nahIM hai| (v) AtmA karma-phala kI bhokA nahIM hai| (5) nirvANa nahIM hai| (6) nirvANa kA upAya nahIM hai /

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86] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA . -ye chaha mithyAtva kI prarUpaNA ke sthAna haiN| (1) AtmA hai| . (2) AtmA nisa hai| (3) AtmA karma kI kartA hai| (4) AtmA karma kI bhoktA hai| (5) nirvANa hai| (6) nirvANa ke upAya hai| ye chaha samyakatla kI prarUpaNA ke sthAna haiM 311 "kaI vyakti yaha nahI jAnate-maiM kauna hU~ ? kahA~ se AyA hU~ ! kahA~ jAU~gA ? jo apane Apa yA para-vyAkaraNa se yaha jAnatA hai, vahI AtmavAdI, lokavAdI, karmavAdI aura kriyAvAdI hai / isa dRSTi ko lekara bhagavAna mahAvIra ne tattva-cintana kI pRSThabhUmi para bahuta vala diyaa| unhoMne kahA-"jo jIva ko nahI jAnatA, ajIva ko nahI jAnatA, jIva-ajIva donoM ko nahIM jAnatA, vaha saMyama ko kaise jAna sakegA ?" "jise jIva-ajIva, prasa-sthAvara kA jJAna nahI, usake pratyAkhyAna duSpratyAkhyAna hai aura jise inakA jJAna hai, usake pratyAkhyAna supratyAkhyAna haiM 3.1" yahI kAraNa hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra kI paramparA meM tattva-cintana kI aneka dhArAeM avicchinna pravAha ke rUpa meM vahI / __ AtmA, karma, gati, Agati, bhAva, aparyAna, paryAta Adi ke bAre meM aisA maulika cintana hai, jo jena darzana kI svatantratA kA svayambhU pramANa hai| jaina darzana meM pratipAdana kI paddhati meM avyAkRta kA sthAna hai-vasta mAtra kathaMcit avaktavya hai| tattva-cintana meM koI vastu anyAkRta nahIM / upaniSad ke RSi paramabrahma ko mukhyatayA 'neti neti dvArA batAte haiM 80 vedAnta meM vaha anirvacanIya hai| 'neti neti' se abhAva kI zaMkA na Ae, isalie brahma ko sat-cit-Ananda kahA jAtA hai| tAtparya meM vaha anirvacanIya hI hai kAraNa ki vaha vANI kA viSaya nahIM bntaa| bauddha darzana meM loka zAzvata hai yA azAzvata santi hai yA ananta /

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [50 jIva aura zarIra bhinna yA abhinna mRtyu ke bAda tathAgata hote haiM yA nahIM hote ! --hote bhI haiM, nahIM bhI hote, na hote haiM, na nahIM bhI hote haiM 401 ina prazno ko avyAkRta kahA hai| bauddha darzana kA yaha niSedhaka dRSTikoNa zAzvatavAda aura ucchedavAda, donoM kA asvIkAra hai| isameM jaina- dRSTi kA matadvaidha nahIM hai kintu vaha isase Age bar3hatI haiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne zAzvataM aura uccheda donoM kA samanvaya kara vidhAyaka dRSTikoNa sAmane rkhaa| vahI anekAntadarzana aura syAdvAda hai / pramANa - samanvaya upamAna* :-- 11 " sAdRzya pratyabhijJA jaina nyAya kA upamAna hai arthApatti : > anumAna meM jaise sAdhya sAdhana kA nizcita avinAbhAva hotA hai, vaise hI zrarthApatti meM bhI hotA hai| puSTa devadatta dina meM nahIM khAtA --- isakA artha yaha AyA ki vaha rAta ko avazya khAtA hai| isake sAdhya devadatta ke rAtribhojana ke sAtha 'puSTatva' sAdhana kA nizcita avinAbhAva hai / isalie yaha anumAna se bhinna nahI hai korA kathana-bheda hai / zrabhAva 3 :-- 3 (abhAva pramANa do virodhiyoM meM se eka ke bhAva se dUsare kA prabhAva aura eka ke abhAva se dUsare kA bhAva siddha karane vAlA hai / kevala bhUtala dekhane se ghaTa kA jJAna nahI hotA / bhUtala meM ghaTa, paTa Adi aneka vastuo kA abhAva ho sakatA hai, isalie ghaTa-rikta bhUtala meM ghaTa ke abhAva kA pratiyogI jo ghaTa hai, usakA smaraNa karane para hI abhAva ke dvArA bhUtala meM ghaTAbhAva jAnA jA sakatA hai 1 - -dRSTi se - (1) 'vaha ghaTa bhUtala hai isakA samAveza smaraNa meM, (2) 'yaha vahI aSTa bhUtala hai' -- isakA pratyabhizA meM, (3) 'jo agnimAn nahIM hotA, vaha dhUmavAn nahIM hotA' - isakA tarka meM, (4) 'isa bhUtala meM ghaTa nahI hai, kyoMki yahA~ ghaTa kA jo svabhAva milanA cAhie, vaha nahI mila S

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55] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA rahA hai' -- isakA anumAna meM, tathA (5) 'sohana ghara para nahI hai' isakA Agama meM samAveza ho jAtA hai 44 / sAmAnya prabhAva kA grahaNa pratyakSa se hotA hai / koI bhI vastu kevala sadUpa yA kevala asadrUpa nahIM hai| vastu mAtra sat-asat rUpa (ubhayAtmaka) hai / pratyakSa ke dvArA jaise sadabhAva kA jJAna hotA hai, vaise asadbhAva kA bhI 45 / kAraNa spaSTa hai / ye donoM itane dhulemile haiM ki kisI eka ko chor3akara dUsare ko jAnA nahI jA sakatA / eka vastu ke bhAva se dUsarI kA abhAva aura eka ke abhAva se dUsarI kA bhAva nizcita cihna ke milane yA na milane para nirbhara hai 1 svastika cihna vAlI pustaka ke lie jaise svastika upalabdhi hetu banatA hai, vaise hI acinhita pustaka ke lie cinhAbhAva anupalabdhiretu banatA hai, isalie yaha anumAna kI paridhi se bAhara nahIM jAtA / 'sambhava avinAbhAvI artha - jisake binA dUsarA na ho sake, vaise artha kI sattA grahaNa karane se dUsare artha kI sattA batalAnA 'sambhava' hai| isameM nizcita avinAbhAva hai--naurvAparya, sAhacarya yA vyApya vyApaka sambandha hai / isalie yaha bhI > anumAna parivAra kA hI eka sadasya hai / aitihya 7 : pravAda - paramparA kA Adi sthAna na mile, vaha aitidha hai / jo pravAdaparamparA ayathArtha hotI hai, vaha apramANa hai aura jisa pravAda-paramparA kA Adilota trAsa puruSa kI vANI mile, vaha zrAgama se atirikta nahIM hai prAtibha : 16 -: prAtibha ke bAre meM jainAcAryoM meM do vicAra paramparAeM milatI haiM / vAdideva suri Adi jo nyAya pradhAna rahe, unhoMne isakA pratyakSa aura anumAna meM samAveza kiyA aura haribhadra sUri, upAdhyAya yazovijayajI Adi jo nyAya ke sAtha-sAtha yoga ke kSetra meM bhI cale, unhone ise pratyakSa aura zruta ke bIca kA mAnA / pahalI paramparA ke anusAra indriya, hetu aura zabda- vyApAra nirapekSa jar3e

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [89 spaSTa Atma-pratibhAna hotA hai, vaha mAnasa-pratyakSa meM calA jAtA hai| prasAda aura udvega ke nizcita liGga se no priya-apriya phala prAti kA pratimAna hotA hai, vaha anumAna kI zreNI meM hai / ___ dUsarI paramparA-prAtima zAna na kevala jJAna hai, na zrutazAna aura na jJAnAntara " / isakI dazA ThIka aruNodaya-saMdhyA jaisI hai / aruNodaya na dina hai, na rAta aura na dina-rAta se atirikta hai / yaha Akasmika pratyakSa hai aura yaha utkRSTa kSayopazama-nirAvaraNa dazA yA yoga-zakti se utpanna hotA hai / prAtima jJAna viveka-janita jJAna kA pUrva rUpa hai| sUryodaya se kucha pUrva prakaTa hone vAlI sUrya kI prabhA se manuSya saba vastuoM ko dekha sakatA hai, vaise hI prAtima jJAna ke dvArA yogI saba bAtoM ko jAna letA hai 50 / samanvaya vastutaH jaina jJAna-mImAMsA ke anusAra prAtima jJAna anuta-nizrita mati jJAna kA eka prakAra hai, jisakA nAma hai-"autpatikI buddhi / " sUtra kRtAMga (13) meM Ae hue 'paDihANava' pratibhAvAn kA artha vRttikAra ne autpattikI buddhi kiyA hai | nandI meM usake nimna lakSaNa batalAe hai-'pahale adRSTaazruta, ajJAta artha kA tatkAla buddhi ke utpAdakAla meM apane Apa samyaga nirNaya ho jAtA hai aura usakA paricchedya artha ke sAtha avAdhita yoga hotA hai, vaha autpattikI buddhi hai 55 / ___ mati zana ke do bheda hote haiM-zrutanizrita aura azruta nizrita 531 zruta nikSita ke avagraha Adi cAra meda vyAvahArika pratyana meM cale jAte haiM aura "smRti Adi cAra maid parokSa meM / azruta nizrita mati ke cAra maida autpattikI Adi buddhicatuSTaya kA samAveza kisI pramANa ke antargata kiyA hunA. nahIM. miltaa| jinamaNi ne buddhi catuSTaya meM bhI avagraha Adi kI yojanA kI hai.5, parantu usakA sambandha mati jJAna ke rU meda viSayaka carcA se hai 561 azruta nikSita mati ko kisa pramANa meM samAviSTa karanA cAhie, yaha vahA~ mukhya carcanIya nahIM hai| aupattikI Adi buddhi catuSTaya meM avagraha Adi hote haiM, phira bhI yaha vyavahAra pratyakSa se pUrNa samatA nahI rkhtaa| usameM padArtha kA indriya se

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90 jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA sAkSAt hotA hai, isameM nhiiN| vaha zAstropadezajanita saMskAra hotA hai aura yaha AtmA kI sahaja sphurnnaa| isalie yaha kevala aura zruta ke vIca kA hI honA cAhie tathA isakA prAtima ke sAtha pUrNa sAmaMjasya dIkhatA hai| ise kevala aura zruta ke bIca kA jJAna isalie mAnanA cAhie ki isase na to samasta dravya paryAyoM kA jJAna hotA hai aura na yaha indriya liMga Adi kI sahAyatA tathA zAstrAbhyAsa Adi ke nimitta se utpanna hotA hai| pahalI paramparA ke prAtibhajJAna ke lakSaNa isase minna nahIM haiN| mAnasa-pratyakSa isI kA nAmAntara ho sakatA hai aura jo nizcita liGga ke dvArA hone vAlA prAtima kahA gayA hai, vaha vAstava meM anumAna hai| jo use prAtima mAnate haiM, unakI apekSA use prAtima kahakara use anumAna ke antargata kiyA gayA hai| pramAtA aura pramANa kA bhedAbheda pramAtA AtmA hai, vastu hai / pramANa nirNAyaka jJAna hai, AtmA kA guNa hai| prameya AtmA bhI hai aura Atma-atirikta padArtha bhii| pramiti pramANa kA phala hai| guNI se guNa na atyanta bhinna hotA hai aura na atyanta abhinna kintu donoM minnAbhinna hote haiN| pramANa pramAtA meM hI hotA hai, isa dRSTi se inameM kathaMcid ameda hai| kartA aura karaNa ke rUpa meM ye bhinna hai- samAtA kartA hai aura pramANa karaNa / abheda-kakSA meM jJAtA aura zana kA sAdhana-ye donoM AtmA yA jIva kahalAte haiN| bheda kakSA me AtmA jJAtA kahalAtA hai aura jJAna jAnane kA sAdhana 501, jJAna AtmA hI hai, AtmA jJAna bhI hai aura zAna vyatirikta mI-isa dRSTi se bhI pramAtA aura pramANa meM bheda hai58| pramAtA va prameya kA bhedAbheda __ pramAtA cetana hI hotA hai, prameya cetana aura acetana donoM hote haiM, isa dRSTi se pramAtA prameya se bhinna hai| zera-kAla meM jo AtmA prameya banatI hai, vahI zAna-kAla meM pramAtA bana jAtI hai, isa dRSTi se ye abhinna mI haiN| pramANa aura phala kA bhedAbheda . pramANa sAdhana hai aura phala sAdhya isa dRSTi se donoM minna haiN| pramANa aura phala ina dono kA adhikaraNa eka hI pramAtA hotA hai| pramApa rUpa meM -pariNata AtmA hI phala rUpa meM pariNata hotI hai-isa dRSTi se ye abhinna bhI haiM / -

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chaha 91-925 syAdvAda vikalA deza aura sakalAdeza kAla Adi kI dRSTi se bhinna dharmoM kA abheda upacAra syAdvAda ke bAre jaina- dRSTi ahisA - vikAsa meM anekAnta dRSTi kA yoga tattva aura AcAra para anekAnta dRSTi syAdvAda kI AlocanA tribhaGgI yA saptabhaGgI pramANa saptabhaMgI sapta bhaGgI hI kyoM ? mithyA dRSTi bhASA sambandhI bhUle ikSaNa yA darzana sambandhI bhUle Akane kI bhUle kArya-kAraNa sambandhI bhUle pramANa - sambandhI bhUle mAnasika jhukAva sambandhI prabhAva

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syAdUvAda "na cAssiyAvAyaM viyAgarejA" .. sU0 1-14- 16 syAdavAda paddhati se nahI bolanA cAhie / "vibhajjavAyaM ca viyAgarejjA". ...... * sU0 1-13 vibhajyavAda kI paddhati se bolanA caahie| .... "sampUrNArtha vinizcAyi syAdvAdazrutamucyate" -nyAyA0 8-30 " zrAdrakumAra ne kahA - gozAlaka / jo zramaNa aura brAhmaNa ( unhIM ) ke darzana ke anusAra calane se mukti hogI, dUsare darzano ke anusAra calane se mukti nahI hogI - yUM kahate hai - isa ekAnta dRSTi kI maiM nindA karatA hU~ / maiM kisI vyakti kI nindA nahI karatA / " -- jaina darzana ke cintana kI zailI anekAnta dRSTi hai aura pratipAdana kI zailI syAdavAda / jAnanA jJAna kA kAma hai, bolanA vANI kA ( jJAna kI zakti aparimita haiM, vANI kI parimita / ) jJeya, ananta, jJAna ananta, kintu vANI ananta nahI, isalie nahI ki eka kSaNa meM ananta jJAna ananta jJeyo ko jAna sakatA hai, kintu vANI ke dvArA kaha nahIM sakatA / eka tattva - ( paramArtha satya ) abhinna ananta satyoM kI samaSTi hotA hai / eka zabda eka kSaNa meM eka satya ko batA sakatA hai| isalie kahA hai" vastu ke do rUpa hote haiM :-- - (1) anabhilAgya -- avAcya (2) abhilApya - vAcya anamilApya (aprajJApanIya ) kA anantavA bhAga milAya, abhilApya kA ananta vA bhAga sUtra prathita Agama hotA hai / prajJApanIya bhAvo kA nirUpaNa vAgayoga ke dvArA hotA hai / vaha zrotA- ke bhAva zrutta kA kAraNa banatA hai / isalie dravyazruta ( jJAna kA sAdhana ) hotA hai / yahA~ eka samasyA banatI hai - hama jAneM kucha aura hI aura kahe kucha ' * "

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94] . jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA aura hI athavA suneM kucha aura hI aura jAneM kucha aura hI, yaha kaise ThIka ho sakatA hai| isakA uttara jainAcArya syAt zabda ke dvArA dete haiN| 'manuSya syAt haiisa zabdAvali meM sattA dharma kI abhivyakti hai| manuSya kevala 'asti-dharma' mAtra nahIM hai| usameM 'nAsti-dharma' bhI hai / syAt-zabda yaha batAtA hai ki abhivyakta satyAMza ko hI pUrNa satya mata smjho| ananta dharmAtmaka vastu hI satya hai| zAna apane Apa meM satya hI hai| usake satya aura asatya-ye do rUpa prameya ke sambandha se banate haiN| prameya kA yathArthagrAhI jJAna satya aura ayathArthamAhI jAna asatya hotA hai| jaise prameya sApekSajJAna satya yA asatya banatA hai, vaise hI vacana bhI prameya sApekSa hokara satya yA asatya banatA hai| zabda na satya hai aura na asty| vaktA dina ko dina kahatA hai, taba vaha yathArtha hone ke kAraNa satya hotA hai aura yadi rAta ko dina kahe vava vahI ayathArtha hone ke kAraNa asatya bana jAtA hai| 'syAt' zabda pUrNa satya ke pratipAdana kA mAdhyama hai| eka dharma kI mukhyatA se vastu ko batAte hue bhI hama usakI anantadharmAtmakatA ko zrImala nahIM krte| isa sthiti ko sambhAlane vAlA 'syAt' zabda hai| yaha pratipAdya dharma ke sAtha zeSa apratipAdya dharmoM kI ekatA banAe rakhatA hai| isIlie ise pramANa vAkya yA sakalAdeza kahA jAtA hai| vikalAdeza aura sakalAdeza 6vastu-pradhAna jJAna sakalAdeza aura guNa-pradhAna jJAna vikalAdeza hotA hai| isake sambandha me tIna mAnyatAeM haiN| prahalI ke anusAra samabhaMgI kA pratyeka bhaMga sakUlAdeza aura vikalAdeza dono hotA hai / pUsarI mAnyatA ke anusAra pratyeka bhaMga vikalAdeza hotA hai aura sammilita sAto bhaMga sakalAdeza kahalAte haiN| tIsarI mAnyatA ke anusAra pahalA, dUsarA aura cauthA bhaMga vikalAdeza aura zeSa saba sakalAdeza hote haiM / divya-naya kI mukhyatA aura paryAya naya kI amulyatA se guNo kI amedavRtti canatI hai| usase syAdavAd sakalAdeza yA pramANavAkya banatA hai| % E

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jaina darzana meM pramANa momAsA [15 paryAya-naya kI mukhyatA aura dravya-naya kI amukhyatA se guNo kI bhedavRtti vanatI hai| usase syAdavAda-vikalAdeza yA naya-vAkya banatA hai| vAkya do prakAra ke hote haiM-sakalAdeza aura vikalAdeza / ananta dharma vAlI vastu ke akhaNDa rUpa kA pratipAdana karane vAlA vAkya sakalAdeza hotA hai| vAkya meM yaha zakti abheda-vRtti kI mukhyatA aura abheda kA upacAra-ina do kAraNo se AtI hai| ananta dhamoM ko abhinna banAne vAle 8 kAraNa haiM(1) kAla (5) upakAra (2) Atma-rUpa (6) guNI-deza (3) artha-AdhAra (7) saMsarga (4) sambandha (8) zabda vastu aura guNa-dharmoM ke sambandha kI jAnakArI ke lie inakA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| hama vastu ke ananta guNo ko eka-eka kara vatAe aura phira unhe eka dhAge meM piroeM, yaha hamArA ananta jIvana ho taba banane kI bAta hai| bikherane ke bAda sameTane kI vAta ThIka baiThatI nahIM, isalie eka aisA dvAra kholeM yA eka aisI prakAza-rekhA DAleM, jisameM se yA jisake dvArA samUcI vastu dIkha jaay| yaha yukti hameM bhagavAn mahAvIra ne sujhaaii| vaha hai, unakI vANI meM siya' zabda / usI kA saMskRta anuvAda hotA hai 'syAt / koI eka dharma 'syAt' se jur3atA hai| aura vaha vAkI ke saba dharmoM ko apane meM milA letA hai| 'syAt jIva haiMyahA~ hama 'hai' isake dvArA jIva kI astitA batAte haiM aura hai' syAt se jur3akara AyA hai, isalie yaha akhaNDa rUpa meM nahI, kintu akhaNDa banakara AyA hai| eka dharma meM aneka dharmoM kI abhinnatA vAstavika nahI hotI, isalie yaha ameda eka dharma kI mukhyatA yA upacAra se hotA hai| (1) jisa samaya vastu meM 'ha' hai, usa samaya anya dharma mI haiM, isalie kAla kI dRSTi se 'hai' aura bAkI ke sava dharma aminna haiN| (2)'hai' dharma jaise vastu kA AtmarUpa hai, vaise anya dharma bhI usake AtmarUpa haiN| isa AtmarUpa kI dRSTi se pratipAdya dharma kA apratipAdya dharmoM se ameda hai|

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16 jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA .(3) jo artha 'hai' kA AdhAra hai, vahIM anya dharmo kA hai| jisameM eka hai, usImeM saba hai-isa artha-dRSTi yA AdhAra bhUta dravya kI dRSTi se saba dharma eka haiM-samAnAdhikaraNa haiN| (4) vastu ke sAtha 'hai' kA jo avizvagbhAva yA apRthagbhAva sambandha hai, vahI anya dharmoM kA hai-isa tAdAtmya sambandha kI dRSTi se bhI saba dharma abhinna haiN| (5) jaise vastu ke svarUpa-nirmANa meM 'he' apanA yoga detA hai, vaise hI dUsare dhamoM kA bhI usake svarUpa-nirmANa meM yoga hai| isa yoga yA upacAra kI dRSTi se bhI saba me abheda hai| pake hue Ama me miThAsa aura pIlepana kA upacAra minna nahIM hotaa| yahI sthiti zeSa saba dharmoM kI hai| (6) jo vastu sambandhI kSetra hai' kA hotA hai, vahI anya dharmoM kA hotA hai-isa guNI-deza kI dRSTi se bhI saba dharmoM meM bheda nahI hai| udAharaNa svarUpa Ama ke jisa bhAga meM miThAsa hai, usIme pIlApana hai| isa prakAra vastu ke deza-bhAga kI dRSTi se ve dono eka rUpa haiN| (7) vastvAtmA kA 'hai' ke sAtha jo saMsarga hotA hai, vahI anya dharmoM ke sAtha hotA hai isa saMsarga kI dRSTi se bhI sava dharma bhinna nahI hai| Ama kA 'miThAsa ke sAtha hone vAlA sambandha usake pIlepana ke sAtha hone vAle sambandha se bhinna nahIM hotaa| isalie ve dono abhinna haiM / dharma aura dharmI minnAminna hote haiN| aviSvagamAva sambandha me abheda pradhAna hotA hai aura meda gaunn| (8) jo 'hai' zabda astitva dharma vAlI vastu kA vAcaka hai, vaha zeSa ananta dharma vAlI vastu kA bhI vAcaka hai-isa zabda-dRSTi se bhI sava dharma abhinna haiN| kAla Adi kI dRSTi se bhinna dharmoM kA abheda-upacAra (1) samakAla eka meM aneka guNa hoM, yaha sambhava nahIM, yadi ho to unakA Azraya minna hogaa| (2) aneka vidha guNo kA AtmarUpa eka ho, yaha sambhava nahI, yadi.ho to una guNoM meM meda nahI mAnA jaaegaa|

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [97 (3) aneka guNoM ke AzrayabhUta artha aneka hoge,, yaha na ho to eka aneka guNoM kA Azraya kaise bane ? - (4) aneka sambandhiyoM kA eka ke sAtha sambandha nahIM ho sktaa| . (5) aneka guNo ke upakAra aneka hoge-eka nahIM ho sktaa| .. / (6) guNI kA kSetra-pratyeka bhAga pratiguNa ke lie minna honA cAhie nahIM to dUsare guNI ke guNoM kA bhI isa guNI-deza se meda nahIM ho skegaa| -. (7) saMsarga pratisaMsargI kA bhinna hogaa| (8) pratyeka viSaya ke zabda pRthak hoNge| saba guNoM ko eka zabda batA sake vo sava artha eka zabda ke vAcya bana jAege aura dUsare zabdoM kA koI artha nahIM hogaa|.. syAdavAda ke bAre meM jaina-dRSTi (bhrAnta dRSTikoNa aura usakI samIkSA) _ 'mUlaM nAsti kuMtaH zAkhA-kavi ne ise asambhava batAyA hai| myAdavAda kI jaina-vyAkhyA par3hane ke bAda Apa kucha jainetara vidvAnoM kI vyAkhyA par3heM, Apako mAlUma hogA ki mUla ke binA mI zAkhA hotI hai| syAt' zabda tiinta prati rupaka avyaya hai| isake prazasA, astitva, vivAda, vicAraNA, anekAnta, saMzaya, prazna Adi aneka artha hote haiN| jainadarzana meM isakA prayoga anekAnta ke artha meM bhI hotA hai| syAdavAda arthAtanekAntAtmaka vAkya syAvAda kI nIva hai apekSA / apekSA vahA~ hotI hai, jahA~ vAstavika ekatA aura Upara se virodha diikhe| virodha vahA~ hotA hai, jahA~ nizcaya hotA hai| dono saMzayazIla ho, usa dazA meM virodha kA kyA rUpa bane ? sthAvAda kA udgama anekAnta vastu hai| tatsvarUpa vastu ke yathArtha grahaNa ke lie anekAnta-dRSTi hai| syAvAda usa dRSTi ko vANI dvArA vyakta karane kI paddhati hai| vaha nimittameda yA apekSAbheda se nizcita virodhidharmayugaloM kA virodha miTAne vAlA hai| jo vastu sat hai, vahI asat bhI hai, kintu jisa rUpa se satu hai, usI rUpa se asat nahIM hai| svarUpa kI dRSTi se

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17] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA sat hai aura para rUpa kI dRSTi se ast| do nizcita dRSTi-vinduoM ke AdhAra para vastu-tatva kA pratipAdana karane vAlA vAkya saMzayarUpa ho hI nahI sktaa| syAvAda ko apekSAvAda yA kathaMcidvAda bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne syAvAda kI paddhati se aneka praznI kA samAdhAna kiyA hai, jise Agama yuga kA anekAntavAda yA syAvAda kahA jAtA hai| dArzanika yuga meM usI kA vistAra huA, kintu usakA mUla rUpa nahIM bdlaa| parivrAjaka skandaka ke prazna ke uttara meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ne batAyAeka jIva dravya dRSTi se sAnta hai, kSetra dRSTi se sAnta hai, kAla dRSTi se ananta hai, bhAva dRSTi se ananta hai / isameM dravya-dRSTi ke dvArA jIva kI svatantra sattA kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| yojanA karate-karate jIva atyanta banate haiM, kintu apanI-apanI svatantra sattA kI dRSTi se jIva eka-eka haiM-sAnta haiN| dUsarI vAta-ananta guNoM ke samudaya se eka guNI banatA hai| guNoM se guNI abhinna hotA hai| isalie ananta guNa hone para bhI guNI ananta nahI hotA, eka yA sAnta hotA hai| jIva asaMkhya pradeza vAlA hai yA AkAza ke asaMkhya pradezo meM avagAha pAtA hai, isalie kSetra-dRSTi se bhI vaha ananta nahIM hai, sarvatra vyApta nahIM hai / kAla-dRSTi se ananta hai| vaha sadA thA, hai aura rhegaa| jJAna, darzana aura agurulaghu paryAyoM kI dRSTi se ananta haiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra kI uttara-paddhati me ye cAra dRSTiyAM milatI hai, vaise hI arpita-anarpita dRSTi yA vyAkhyA paddhati aura milatI hai, jisake dvArA syAdavAda virodha miTAne meM samartha hotA hai / jamAlI ko uttara dete hue bhagavAn ne kahA"jIva zAzvata hai vaha kabhI bhI nahI thA, nahI hai aura nahIM hogA-aisA nahIM hotaa|" vaha thA, hai aura hogA, isalie vaha dhruva, nitya, zAzvata, akSaya avyaya, avasthita hai| jIva azAzvata hai-vaha narayika hokara tiryazca ho

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [ 89 ho jAtA hai, tiryaJca hokara manuSya aura manuSya hokara deva / yaha avasthA cakra badalatA rahatA hai / isa dRSTi se jIva azAzvata hai / vividha avasthAo meM parivartita hone ke uparAnta bhI usakI jIvarUpatA naSTa nahIM hotI / isa dRSTi se vaha zAzvata hai / isa pratipAdana kA AdhAra dravya aura paryAya ye do dRSTiyAM haiN| gautama svAmI ke prazna ke uttara meM ve spaSTa rUpa meM milatI haiM :gautama ! jIva syAt zAzvata hai, syAt azAzvata / dravyArthika dRSTi se zAzvata hai aura paryAyArthika dRSTi se azAzvata / . ye dono dharma vastu me pratipala sama sthitika rahate haiM, kintu arpita mukhya aura arpita gauNa hotA hai / "jIva zAzvata hai" - isameM zAzvata dharma mukhya hai aura zAzvata dharma gauNa / "jIva zAzvata hai" isameM azAzvata dharma mukhya hai aura zAzvata dharma gauNa / yaha dvirUpatA vastu kA svabhAva-siddha dharma hai / kAla-meda yA ekarUpatA hamAre bacana se utpanna hai / (zAzvata aura azAzvata kA kAla bhinna nahIM hotA / phira bhI hama padArtha ko zAzvata yA azAzvata kahate - yaha arpitAnarpita vyAkhyA hai / padArtha kA niyama na zAzvatavAda hai aura na ucchedavAda / ye dono usake sUtata - sahacArI dharma haiM / bhagavAn mahAvIra ne ina donoM samanvita dharmoM ke AdhAra para anya jAtIyavAda ( jAtyantara - vAda ) kI dezanA dii| unhone kahA - " padArtha na zAzvata hai aura na azAzvata, vaha syAt zAzvata hai- vyucchitinaya kI dRSTi se aura syAt azAzvata haivyucchittinaya kI dRSTi se / vaha ubhayAtmaka hai, phira bhI jisa dRSTi (dravya dRSTi ) se zAzvata hai usase zAzvata hI hai aura jisa dRSTi (paryAya -dRSTi ) se azAzvata hai usa dRSTi se azAzvata hI hai, jisa dRSTi se zAzvata hai, usI dRSTi se zAzvata nahIM hai aura jisa dRSTi se azAzvata hai usI dRSTi se zAzvata nahI ! ( eka hI padArthaM eka hI kAla meM zAzvata aura azAzvata isa virodhI hai dharmayugala kA AdhAra hai, isalie vaha anekadharmAtmaka hai| aise anantavirodhIdharmayugalo kA vaha AdhAra hai, isalie anantadharmAtmaka hai vastu anantadharmAtmaka hai, isalie bAhya bhI hai - visadRza bhI hai, vAhya bhI hai, sadRza bhI hai / eka padArtha dUsare padArtha se visadRza hotA hai, isalie ki unake saba guNa samAna nahI hote / ve donoM sadRza bhI hote haiM isalie ki

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100] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsA unake aneko guNa samAna bhI hote haiM / cetana guNa kI dRSTi se jIva acetana pudgala se bhinna hai to astitva yA prameya guNa kI apekSA vaha pudgala se abhinna bhI hai / koI bhI padArtha dUsare padArtha se na sarvathA bhinna hai aura 9 na sarvathA abhinna / kintu bhinnAbhinna hai / vizeSaguNa kI dRSTi se bhinna hai aura sAmAnya guNa kI dRSTi se abhinna 10 / bhagavatI sUtra hame batAtA hai - "jIva pudgala bhI hai aura pudgalI bhI hai" 11 zarIra AtmA bhI hai aura AtmA se bhinna bhI hai 13 / zarIra rUpI bhI hai aura hai aura citta bhI / 1 arUpI bhI hai, sacitta bhI 3 1 jIva kI pudgala saMjJA hai, isalie vaha pudgala hai / paudgalika indriya sahita hai, pudgala kA upabhoktA hai, isalie pudgalI hai athavA jIva aura pudgala meM nimitta naimittika bhAva hai ( saMsArI dazA meM jIva ke nimitta se pudagala kI pariNati hotI hai aura pudgala ke nimita se jIva kI pariNati hotI hai ) isalie pudgalI hai / zarIra AtmA kI paudgalika sukha-duHkha kI anubhUti kA sAdhana banatA hai, isalie vaha usase abhinna hai / zrAtmA cetana hai, kAya cetana hai, vaha punarmavI hai kAya ekabhavI hai - isalie dono bhinna haiM / sthUla zarIra ( audArika- zarIra ) kI apakSA vaha rUpI hai aura sUkSmazarIra ( kArmaNa zarIra ) kI apekSA vaha arUpI hai| zarIra AtmA se kathaMcit pRthak bhI hai, isa dRSTi se jIvita zarIra cetana hai / vaha pRthak bhI hai isa dRSTi se acitta hai / mRtazarIra bhI acitta hai / ratnaprabhA pRthvI syAt hai, syAt nahIM hai aura syAt avatavya hai 14 1 vastu sva-dRSTi se hai, para dRSTi se nahIM hai, isIlie vaha sat-asat ubhayarUpa hai / eka kAla me eka dharma kI apekSA vastu vaktavya hai aura eka kAla meM aneka dharmoM kI apekSA vastu avaktavya hai / isalie vaha vaktavya-avaktavya ubhayarUpa hai / yahA~ bhI sandeha nahI hai -- jisa rUpa me sat hai, usa rUpa meM sat hI hai aura jisa rUpa meM asat hai, usa rUpa meM asat ho hai / vaktavya - avaktavya kA bhI yahI rUpa banatA hai / isa zrAgama-paddhati ke AdhAra para dArzanika yuga meM syAdavAda kA rUpacatuSTaya banA:--

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jaina darzana meM pramANa maumAso [904 '-jAnu sthAna milA hai, sAt manitya hai| panta nyAn sAmAnya hai, syAt vizeSa hai| , -vantu syAt sat hai, syAt asat hai| -Y-vAsAt vaktavya hai, nyAt pravaktavya hai| una carcA meM kahIM bhI "syAt" zabda saMdeha ke artha meM prayukta nahIM huA. hai| phira bhI zAMkarabhAva se lekara Aja taka ke bAlocaka sAhitya meM yAbATa ko nirdhAnti pa zAna yA saMzayavAda kahA gayA hai| zevagAcArya kI yukti ke anusAra ---"nyAdavAda kI paddhati se jaina sammata gAta padArthoM kI saMhA aura svarUpa mA nizcaya nahIM ho sakatA 11 ve vaise hI haiM yA vese nahI hai, yaha nizcaya hue binA unakI, prAmANikatA calI jAtI hai| __ gaja ke parivartita yuga meM yaha bAlocanA mula-spI nahI mAnI jAtI, taba kaI vyakti eka naI dizA tujhAte haiN| jaigA ki DA0 esa0 ke0 velavAlakara ena. e., pI. eca. DI. ne likhA hai-zaMkarAcArya ne apanI vyAkhyA meM pugatana jena-dRSTi kA pratipAdana kiyA hai, aura isalie unakA pratipAdana jAna bRmbhakara mithyAnarupaNa nahIM kahA jA sakatA / jainadharma kA jainetara sAhitya meM sabase prAcIna ullekha vAdarAyaNa ke vedAnta sUtra meM milatA hai, jisa para zakarAcArya kI TIkA hai| hama isa bAta ko svIkAra karane meM koI kAraNa najara nahIM AtA ki jainadharma kI purAtana vAta ko yaha dyotita karatA hai| yaha jati jainadharma kI sabase durbala aura sadopa rahI hai hA~, AgAmI kAla meM syAdavAda kA dUsarA spa ho gayA, jo hamAre Alocako ke samakSa hai aura ava uma para vizeSa vicAra karane kI kisI ko AvazyakatA pratIta nahIM hotii| (mamIkSA) *agara hamArA jhukAva vyaktivAda kI ora nahI hai to hameM yaha samajhane meM koI kaThinAI nahIM hogI ki zakarAcArya ne syAvAda kA jisa rUpa meM khaNDana kiyA hai, umakA vaha rUpa jaina darzana meM kabhI bhI nahIM. rahA hai / bAdarAyaNa ke "naikasminnasambhavAt" sUtra meM jaina darzana dvArA eka padArtha me / aneka virodhI dhamA~ ke svIkAra kI bAta milatI hai, saMzaya kI nhiiN| phira bhI zaMkarAcArya ne syAdavAda kA saMzayavAda kI bhitti para nirAkaraNa kiyA, vaha

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102] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA jaina darzana kI mAnya dRSTi ko hRdayaMgama kiye binA kiyA-yaha kahate hue hamArI taTastha buddhi meM koI kampana nahIM hotaa| isa paramparA ke upajIvI vidvAn DA. devarAja Aja phira eka bAra usakI punarAvRtti cAhate haiN| ve likhate haiM-"syAdavAda kA vAcyArtha hai shaaydvaad|" "aMgrejI meM ise provevilijma (Probabilism) kaha sakate haiM / apane atiraMjita rUpa meM syAdavAda saMdehavAda kA bhAI hai| vAstava me jainiyoM ko bhagavAn buddha kI taraha tattva-darzana sambandhI prazno para mauna dhAraNa krnaa| thaa| jisake AtmA, paramAtmA, punarjanma Adi para nizcita siddhAnta ho, usake mukha se syAvAda kI duhAI zobhA nahI detI " (samIkSA)...mahAtmA buddha kI bhAti bhagavAn mahAvIra ke tAtvika praznI para mauna rakhane kI sammati dete hue bhI vidvAn lekhaka yaha svIkAra karate haiM ki bhagavAn mahAvIra ke AtmA Adi viSayaka siddhAnta nizcita haiN| unhe Apatti isa para hai-eka ora nizcita siddhAnta aura dUsarI ora syAdvAdave ina donoM ko eka sAtha dekhanA nahIM caahte| yaha ThIka bhI hai| nizcita siddhAnta ke lie anizcayavAda kI duhAI zobhA nahIM detii| kintu jaivadRSTi aisI nahIM hai| vaha padArtha ke aneka virodhI dhamoM ko nizcita kintu aneka vinduzrI dvArA grahaNa karatI hai| Azcarya kI bAta yaha hai ki bAlocaka vidvAn syAdavAda kI aneka-virodhI-dharma-grAhaka sthiti dekhate haiM, vaise usakI nizcita apekSA ko nahIM dekhte| yadi dono pahalU sama dRSTi se dekhe jAte to syAvAda ko saMzayavAda kahane kA maukA hI nahIM miltaa| vidvAn lekhaka ne apanI dUsarI pustaka-"pUrvI aura pazcimI darzana meM syAta kA artha kadAcita kiyA hai / isame koI saMdeha nahI-"syAt" kA artha saMzaya bhI hotA hai aura "kadAcit bhii| kintu 'syAdvAda', jo anekAnta dRSTi kA pratinidhi hai, meM 'syAt' ko kathaMcit yA apekSA ke surya meM prayukta kiyA gayA. hai| syAvAda kA artha hai- kathaMcitavAda yA apekSAvAda / AlocakoM kI dRSTi syAdvAda meM prayukta 'syAt kA saMzaya aura kadAcit artha karane kI ora daur3atI hai to kathaMcit aura apekSA kI ora kyoM nahI daur3atI /

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA 103 apekSA-dRSTi se virodha honA eka bAta hai aura apekSA-dRSTi ko saMzayadRSTi yA kadAcit dRSTi dikhAkara virodha karanA dUsarI bAta / (haoN, jaina-Agama me kadAcit ke artha meM 'syAt' zabda kA prayoga huA hai| kintu vaha syAdvAda nahIM; usakI saMjJA bhajanA' hai| bhajanA 'niyama' kI pratipakSI :hai| do dhIM yA dharmoM kA sAhacarya nizcita hotA hai, vaha viyama hai| aura vaha kabhI hotA hai, kabhI nahI hotA-yaha bhajanA hai| vyApya ke hone para vyApaka ke, kArya hone para kAraNa ke, uttaravartI hone para pUrvavartI ke aura sahabhAvI rUpa meM eka ke hone para dUsare ke hone kA niyama hotA hai| vyApaka meM vyApya kI, kAraNa meM kArya kI, pUrvavartI me uttaravatI kI aura saMyoga kI bhajanA (vikalpa) hotI hai| isalie syAvAda saMzaya aura bhajanA (kadAcidavAda) dono se pRthak hai| inakI AkRti-racanA bhI eka sI nahI hai|) dekhie nimnavatI yantra : 1-bhajanAami kadAcit sadhUma hotI hai / niSkarSa-amuka saMyoga dazA meM agni kadAcit nidhUma hotI hai sadhUma, anyathA nidhUma, 2-saMzayapadArtha nitya hai niSkarSa-kucha patA nhiiN| yA padArya anitya hai 3-syAdvAdapadArtha nitya bhI hai niSkarSa-padArtha nityAnitya hai| padArtha anitya bhI hai bhajanA aneko kI ekatra sthiti yA a-sthiti batAtI hai| isalie bhajanA sAhacarya kA vikalpa hai| saMzaya eka-rUpa padArtha me aneka rUpo kI kalpanA karatA hai| saMzaya anipAyaka vikalpa hai| svAdvAda aneka dharmAtmaka padAthoM meM aneka dharmoM kI nizcita sthiti batAtA hai / syAdavAda nirNAyaka vikalpa hai| bhajanA kalApekSa hai, jaise vaha vahA~ kadAcit hotA hai, kadAcit nahIM

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104] jaina darzana meM pramANa maumAMsA hotaa| saMzaya doSapUrNa sAmagrI-sApekSa hai| padArtha kA svarUpa nizcita hotA hai| kintu doSapUrNa sAmagrI se AtmA kA saMzaya zAna anizcita vana jAtA hai| syAdvAda padArthagata aura jJAnagata ubhaya hai / padArtha kA svarUpa bhI anekAntAtmaka hai aura hamAre jJAna me bhI vaha anekAntAtmaka pratibhAsita hotA hai| _DA. valadeva upAdhyAya ne syAdvAda ko saMzayavAda kA rUpAntara nahI mAnA hai| parantu anekAntavAda kA dArzanika vivecana unhe aneka aMzo meM truTipUrNa lagatA hai| ve likhate haiM---"yaha anekAntavAda saMzayavAda kA rUpAntara nahIM hai| parantu anekAntavAda kA dArzanika vivecana aneka aMza me truTipUrNa pratIta ho rahA hai| rijaina darzana ne vastu-vizeSa ke viSaya meM hone vAlI vividha laukika kalpanAo ke ekIkaraNa kA zlAdhya prayatna kiyA hai, parantu usakA usI sthAna para Thahara jAnA dArzanika dRSTi se doSa hI mAnA jaaegaa| yaha nizcita hI hai ki isI samanvaya-dRSTi se vaha padAtho ke vibhinna rUpo kA samIkaraNa karatA jAtA to samagra vizva meM anusyUta parama tattva taka avazya hIra pahuMca jAtA / isI dRSTi ko dhyAna meM rakha kara zaMkarAcArya ne isa 'syAdvAda' kA mArmika khaNDana apane zArIrika bhASya (2-2-33 ) me pravala yuktiyo ke sahAre kiyA hai 20 (samIkSA)"syAdavAda kA ekIkaraNa vedAnta ke dRSTikoNa ke sarvathA anukUla nahIM, isIlie vaha upAdhyAyajI ko truTipUrNa lagatA ho tava to dUsarI bAta hai anyathA hame kahanA hogA ki syAdvAda meM vaha zruTi nahI jo dikhAI gaI hai| anekAnta dRSTi ko para-sagraha kI dRSTi se 'vizvamekam' taka kA ekIkaraNa mAnya hai| kintu yahI dRSTi sarvatobhadra satya hai, yaha bAta mAnya nahIM hai / mahA sattA kI dRSTi se saba kA ekIkaraNa ho sakatA hai, saba dRSTiyo se nhii| caitanya kI dRSTi se cetana aura acetana kI mUla sattA eka nahIM ho sktii| yadi acetana kA upAdAna yA mUla srota cetana bana sakatA hai tava 'acetana cetana kA upAdAna yA Adi srota banatA hai' yaha bhUtavAdI dhAraNA asambhava nahI mAnI jA sktii|

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [105 banekAnta ke anusAra eka parama tatva hI paramArtha matya nahIM hai| cetanacetana dvayAtmaka jagat paramArtha satya hai| vidvAn lekhaka ne anekAnta ko ApAtataH upAdeya aura manoraMjaka batAte hue mUlabhUta tatva kA svarUpa mamajhAne me nitAnta amamartha batAyA hai aura isI kAraNa vaha paramArtha ke bIcovIca tattva-vicAra ko "katipaya kSaNa ke lie, vinambha tathA virAma dene vAle vizrAma gRha se baDhakara adhika mahattva nahIM ggytaa|" ainA mAnA jAtA hai| ___ (samIkSA).. anekAnta dRSTikatu makatu manyathAkartuM mamartha Izvara " nahIM hai, jo ki mUlabhUta tatva banA ddaale| vaha yathArtha vastu ko yathArthatayA jAnane vAlI dRSTi hai| vastuvRtyA mUlabhUta tatva hI do haiN| yadi acetana tatva cetana ko bhAti mUla tatva nahI hotA-paramabahA kI hI mAyA yA rUpAntara hotA to anekAntavAda ko vahA~ taka pahuMcane meM koI Apatti nahIM hotii| kintu bAta aimI nahIM hai, taba anekAnta dRSTi sarva dRSTi se parama tattva kI ekAtmaka sattA kaise svIkAra kare / DA. devarAjane syAdavAda kI samIkSA karate hue likhA hai-"vibhinna dRSTikoNoM athavA vibhinna apekSAoM se kiye gae eka padArtha ke vibhinna varNano meM sAmaanya yA kimI prakAra kI ekatA kaise sthApita kI jAya, yaha jaina darzana nahIM btlaataa| pratyeka sat padArtha me dhruvatA yA sthiratA rahatI hai, aura pratyeka sat padArtha utpAda aura vyaya vAlA athavA parivartanazIla hai, ina do tathyo para jaina darzana alaga-alaga aura samAna gaurava detA hai / kyA ina dono satyoM ko kisI prakAra eka karake, eka sAmaJjasya ke rUpa meM nahI dekhA jA makatA / tatva mImAsA (Ontology ) meM hI nahIM satya-mImAsA ( Theory of Truth) meM bhI jaina darzana anekavAdI hai|| viziSTa satya eka sAmAnya satya ke aMza yA aMga nahIM haiN| paramANuoM kI bhAti unakA bhI alaga-alaga astitva hai / satya eka nahIM aneka hai, yahIM para saMgativAda aura anekAntavAda meM meda hai| aneka satyavAdI hone ke kAraNa hI jaina darzana sApekSa satyo se nirapekSa satya taka pahuMcane kA rAstA nahIM banA pAtA / vaha yaha mAnatA pratIta hotA hai ki pUrNa satya apUrNa saloM kA gogamAtra hai, unakI samuSTi (system) nahI " -

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- 106] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA samIkSA)...jaina darzana dhrauvya aura utpAda-vyaya ko pRthaka-pRthaka satya nahI maantaa| satya ke do rUpa nahIM haiM / padArtha kI utpAda-vyaya-prauvyAtmaka sattA hI... satya hai / yaha do satyo kA yoga nahI, kintu eka hI. satya ke aneka abhinna rUpa haiN| tAtparya yaha hai ki na bheda satya hai aura na abheda satya hai-medAmeda satya hai | dravya ke vinA paryAya nahIM milate, paryAya ke vinA dravya nahIM milatA, jAtyantara milatA hai-dravya-paryAyAtmaka padArtha milatA hai, isalie bhedaanvita abheda mI satya hai aura abheda-anvita bheda bhI satya hai| eka zabda meM medAbheda satya hai / ___ satya kI mImAMsA meM pUrNa yA apUrNa yaha bheda nahI hotaa| yaha meda hamArI pratipAdana paddhati kA hai| satya svarUpa-dRSTi se avibhAjya hai| dhrauvya se utpAda-vyaya vathA utpAda-vyaya se dhauvya kabhI pRthak nahIM ho sktaa| ananta dharmoM kI ekarUpatA nahIM, isa dRSTi se kathaMcit vibhAjya bhI hai| isI sthiti ke kAraNa vaha zabda yA varNana kA viSaya banatA hai| yahI sApekSa satyatA hai / ( padArtha nirapekSa satya hai| usake lie sApekSa satyatA kI koI kalpanA nahI kI jA sakatI / sApekSa satyatA, eka padArtha meM aneka virodhI dharmoM kI sthiti se hamAre jJAna meM jo virodha kI chAyA par3atI hai usako miTAne ke lie hai| jaina darzana jitanA anekavAdI hai, utanA hI ekavAdI hai| vaha sarvathA ekavAdI yA anekavAdI nahIM hai / vedAnta jaise vyavahAra meM anekavAdI aura paramArtha me ekavAdI hai, vaise jaina eka yA akanevAdI nahIM hai / jaina dRSTi ke anusAra ekatA aura anekatA dono vAstavika haiN| ananta dharmoM kI apRthak-bhAva sattA samanvita satya hai| yaha satya kI ekatA hai| aise satya ananta haiN| unakI svatatra sattA hai / ve kisI eka sAmAnya satya ke aMza yA pratibimba nahIM haiM / vedAnta kI vizva-viSayaka kalpanA kI jaina kI eka-padArtha-viSayaka kalpanA se tulanA hotI hai| dUsare zabdo me yoM kahanA cAhie ki jaina darzana eka padArtha ke bAre me vaise ekavAdI hai jaise vedAnta vizva ke bAre me| ananta satyoM kA samIkaraNa yA vargIkaraNa eka meM yA do me kiyA jA sakatA hai, kintu ve eka nahIM kiye jA skte| astitva ( hai ) kI dRSTi se samUcA vizva eka aura svarUpa kI dRSTi se samUcA vizva do (cetana, acetana) rUpa hai| yaha nizcita

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [107 hai ki ananta padAthoM meM vyaktigata ekatA na hone para bhI vizeSa-guNagata samAnatA aura sAmAnya-guNagata ekatA hai| ananta cetana vyaktiyoM meM caitanya guNa-kRta samAnatA aura ananta cetana vyaktiyo meM acetana guNa-kRta samAnatA hai| vastuta guNa kI dRSTi se cetana aura acetana dono eka haiN| (eka padArtha dUsare padArtha se na sarvathA bhinna haina sarvathA abhinna hai| sarvathA abhinna nahIM hai, isalie padArthoM kI nAnAtmaka sattA hai aura sarvathA bhinna nahIM hai, inalie ekAtmaka mattA hai| vizeSa guNa kI dRSTi se padArtha nirapekSa hai / sAmAnya guNa kI dRSTi se padArtha sApekSa hai / paDhAthoM kI ekatA aura anekatA svaya siddha yA sAyogika hai, isalie vaha sadA rahI hai aura rhegii| isalie hamArA vaisA zAna kabhI satya nahI ho sakatA, jo aneka ko avAstavika mAnakara eka ko vAstavika mAne athavA eka ko avAstavika mAnakara aneka ko vAstavika maane| jaina darzana kA prasiddha vAkya-'je ega jANai, se savvaM jANaI' jo eka ko jAnatA hai vaha sabako jAnatA hai, advaita kA bahuta bar3A poSaka hai 24 / kintu yaha advaita jeyatva yA prameyatva guNa kI dRSTi se hai| jo jJAna eka zeya kI ananta payAyoM ko jAnatA hai, vaha jJeya mAtra ko jAnatA hai| jo eka zeya ko maryaspa se nahIM jAnatA, vaha sava zeyo ko bhI nahIM jaantaa| yahI bAta eka prAcIna zloka batAtA hai "eko bhAvaH sarvathA yena dRSTaH, sarva bhAvAH sarvathA tena dRssttaaH| sarve bhAvAH sarvathA yena dRSTAH, eko bhAvaH sarvathA tena dRssttH|" 1 eka kI jAna lene para sabako jAna lene kI bAta athavA sabako jAna lene para eka ko jAna lene kI bAta sarvathA advaita meM tAtvika nahIM hai| kAraNa ki usameM eka hI vAtvika hai, saba tAtvika nahIM / anekAnta-sammata zeya-dRSTi se jo advaita hai, usImeM-"eka aura saba dono bAtvika haiM, isalie jo eka ko jAnatA hai, vahI savako aura jo savako jAnatA hai, vahI eka ko jAnatA hai"isakA pUrNa sAmaJjasya hai| tarkazAstra ke lekhaka gulAvarAya ema0 e0 ne syAdavAda ko anizcayasatya mAnakara . eka kAlpanika bhaya kI rekhA khIcI hai| jaise-"jainoM ke

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108] jaina darzana meM pramANa bhImAsA anekAntavAda meM eka prakAra se manuSya kI dRSTi ko vistRta kara diyA hai| kintu vyavahAra meM hamako nizcayatA ke AdhAra para hI calanA par3atA hai| yadi hama paira bar3hAne se pUrva pRthvI kI dRr3hatA ke "syAdasti syAnnAsti' ke phera meM par3a jAya to calanA hI kaThina ho jAegA 25 // " (samIkSA).. lekhaka ne sahI likhA hai| anizcaya-dazA meM vaisA hI banatA hai| kintu vidvAn lekhaka ko yaha AzaMkA syAvAda ko saMzayavAda samajhane ke kAraNa huI hai| isalie syAvAda kA sahI rUpa jAnane ke sAthasAtha yaha apane Apa miTa jAtI hai-"zAyada ghar3A hai, zAyada ghar3A nahIM hai"isase dRSTi kA vistAra nahIM hotA pratyuta jAnane vAlA kucha jAna hI nahI paataa| dRSTi kA vistAra taba hotA hai, jaba hama ananta dRSTibindu-grAhya satya ko ekadRSTigrAhya hI na maaneN| satya kI eka rekhA ko bhI hama nizcayapUrvaka na mApa sakeM, yaha dRSTi kA vistAra nahIM, usakI burAI hai| DA. sar rAdhAkRSNana ne syAdvAda ko ardhasatya batAte hue likhA haisyAdvAda hameM ardha satyoM ke pAsa lAkara paTaka detA hai| nizcita anizcita ardhasatyoM kA yoga pUrNa satya nahI ho sakatA 265 | (samIkSA). isa para itanA hI kahanA paryApta hogA ki syAdavAda pUrNasatya 5 kI deza kAla kI paridhi se mithyArUpa banane se bacAne vAlA hai| sat kI ananta paryAyeM haiM, ve anantasatya haiN| ve vibhakta nahIM hotI, isalie sat ananta satyo kA yoga nahIM hotA, kintu una (ananta satyo) kI virodhAtmaka sattA ko miTAne vAlA hotA hai| dUsarI bAta anizcita satya syAvAda ko chUte hI nhii| syAvAda pramANa kI koTi meM hai| anizcaya apramANa hai| yaha sahI hai pUrNa satya zabda dvArA nahIM kahA jA sakatA, isIlie "syAt ko saMketa banAnA pdd'aa| syAvAda nirupacarita akhaNDa satya ko kahane kA dAvA nahIM krtaa| vaha hameM sApekSa satya kI dizA meM le jAtA hai| ...rAhulajI syAvAda ko saMjaya ke vikSepavAda kA anukaraNa batAte hue likhate haiM-"Adhunika jaina darzana kA AdhAra myAdavAda hai, jo mAlUma hotA hai, saMjaya velahiputta ke cAra aMga vAle anekAntavAda ko lekara use sAta aMga vAlA kiyA gayA hai, saMjaya ne tatvoM (paraloka, devatA) ke bAre meM kucha - - - - - - -

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [109 bhI nizcayAtmaka rUpa se kahane se inkAra karate hue usa inkAra ko cAra prakAra kahA hai (1) hai.........nahI kaha sktaa| (2) nahIM hai..... nahIM kaha sktaa| (3) hai bhI aura nahIM bhI nahIM kaha sakatA / (4) na hai aura na nahIM hai. nahI kaha sktaa| isakI tulanA kIjie jaino ke sAta prakAra ke syAdavAda se(1) hai........... ..... ho sakatA hai (syAd-asti) (2) nahIM hai............nahIM bhI ho sakatA hai (syAnnAsti) (3) hai mI aura nahIM bhI ho sakatA hai aura nahIM bhI ho sakatA hai| (syAdasti ca nAsti ca) ukta tInoM uttara kyA kahe jA sakate (vaktavya ) haiM ? isakA uttara jaina "nahIM" meM dete haiM (4) "syAd (ho sakatA hai) kyA yaha kahA jA sakatA (vaktavya) hai ? nahI "syAd avaktavya hai| (5) "syAd asti kyA yaha vaktavya hai ? nahIM, "syAd asti" avaktavya hai| (6) "syAd nAsti" kyA yaha vaktavya hai ? nahI, "syAd nAsti' avaktavya hai| (7) syAd asti ca nAsti ca" kyA yaha vaktavya hai ? nahIM, syAda asti ca nAsti ca" avaktavya hai| dono ke milAne se mAlUma hogA ki jainI ne saMjaya ke pahile vAle tIna vAkyo (prazna aura uttara dono) ko alaga-alaga karake apane syAdhuvAda kI chaha bhaMgiyAM banAI aura usake cauthe vAkya "na hai aura na nahIM hai" ko chor3a kara "syAda" bhI vaktavya hai, yaha sAtavAM maMga taiyAra kara apanI saptamagI pUrI kii| , upalabdha sAmagrI se mAlUma hotA hai ki saMjaya apane anekAntavAda kA prayoga-paraloka, devatA, karma-phalaM, mukta puruSa jaise parona viSayo para' karatA thaa| jaina saMjaya kI yukti ko pratyakSa vastuoM para bhI lAgU karate haiN| udAhara

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110 1 jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA gArtha sAmane maujUda ghaTa kI sattA ke bAre me jaina darzana se yadi prazna pUchA jAe to uttara nimnaprakAra milegA ghaTa yahA~ hai ? - ho sakatA hai / (syAd asti ) (2) ghaTa yahA~ nahI hai ? nahI bhI ho sakatA hai| (syAnnAsti ) (3) kyA yahA~ ghaTa hai bhI aura nahIM bhI hai ? - hai bhI aura nahIM bhI ho sakatA hai / ( syAd asti ca nAsti ca ) (4) ho sakatA hai (syAd) kyA yaha kahA jA sakatA ( vaktavya ) hai ? nahIM, "syAd" yaha vaktavya hai / Motor (5) "ghaTa yahA~ ho sakatA hai" (syAd asti ) yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ? nahI, "ghaTa yahA~ ho sakatA hai", yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA / (6) "ghaTa yahA~ nahIM ho sakatA" ( syAd nAsti ) kyA yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ? nahI, ghaTa yahA~ nahI ho sakatA, yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA / (7) "ghaTa yahA~ ho bhI sakatA hai, nahI bhI ho sakatA hai " --- kyA yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ? nahIM, ghaTa yahA~ ho bhI sakatA hai, nahIM bhI ho sakatA hai, yaha nahI kahA jA sakatA isa prakAra eka bhI siddhAnta (vAda) kI sthApanA na karanA, jo ki saMjaya kA bAda thA, usI ko saMjaya ke anuyAyiyo ke lupta ho jAne para jainI ne apanA liyA aura usakI caturbhujI nyAya ko saptabhaMgI meM pariNata kara diyA 27 1 (samIkSA) ... yaha gaDDurI - pravAha kyo calA aura kyo calatA jA rahA hai patA nahI / sajaya ke anizcayavAda kA syAdvAda se koI vAstA taka nahI, phira bhI pisA ATA bAra-bAra pisA jA rahA hai| saMjaya kA vAda na sadbhAva batAtA hai aura na asadbhAva 28 / anekAnta, vidhi aura pratiSedha dono kA nizcayapUrvaka pratipAdana karatA hai / anekAnta sirpha anekAnta hI nahIM, vaha ekAnta bhI hai| pramANa hRSTi ko mukhya mAnane para anekAnta phalatA hai aura naya ddaSTi ko mukhya mAnane para ekAnta re / ekAnta bhI syAdvAda ke aMkuza * se pare-nahI ho sakatA / ekAnta asat - ekAnta na bana jAya - "yaha bhI hai" ko chor3akara 'yahI hai' kA rUpa na le le, isalie vaha jarUrI bhI hai|

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsA [111 bhagavAn mahAvIra kA yuga darzana-praNayana kA yuga thaa| AtmA, paraloka, svarga, mokSa hai yA nahIM? ina praznoM kI gUja thii| sAmAnya viSaya bhI jIkhola kara carce jAte the / pratyeka darzana-praNetA kI apane-apane DhaMga kI uttarazailI thii| mahAtmA buddha madhyama pratipadAvAda yA vibhajyavAda ke dvArA samajhAte / the| saMjayavelaDIputta vikSepavAda yA anizcayavAda kI bhASA meM bolate magavAn mahAvIra kA pratipAdana syAvAda ke sahAre hotaa| inhe eka dUsare kA vIja mAnanA Agraha se adhika aura kucha nahI lgtaa| saMjaya kI uttara praNAlI ko anekAntavAdI kahanA anekAntavAda ke prati ghora anyAya hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne yaha kabhI nahIM kahA ki maiM samajhatA hoU ki amuka hai to Apako btlaauuN| ve nirNaya kI bhASA meM bolate / usake anekAnta me ananta dharmoM ko parakhane vAlI ananta dRSTigA aura ananta vANI ke vikalpa haiM / kintu yAda rakhie, ve saba nirNAyaka haiM / saMjaya ke bhramavAda kI bhAti logoM ko bhUlamulaiyA me DAlane vAle nahIM hai| ananta dharmoM ke "lie ananta dRSTikoNo aura kucha bhI nirNaya na karane vAle dRSTikoNI ko eka koTi me rakhane kA Agraha dhUpa chAMha ko milAne jaisA hai| ise "hAM aura "nahIM" kA bheda nahI kahA jA sktaa| yaha maulika meda hai| 'astIti na maNAmi'-'hai' nahI kaha sakatA aura "nAstIti ca na maNAmi"-"nahIM hai" nahIM kaha sktaa| saMjaya kI isa saMzayazIlatA ke viruddha anekAnta kahatA hai"syAt asti-amuka apekSA se yaha hai hI, "syAt nAsti'-amuka apekSA se yaha nahIM hI hai| 'ghaTa yahA~ ho sakatA hai-yaha syAdavAda kI uttara-paddhati nahIM hai| usake anusAra 'ghaTa hai-apanI apekSA se nizcita hai' yaha rUpa hogA+ ahiMsA-vikAsa meM anekAnta dRSTi kA yoga ___ jaina dharma kA nAma yAda Ate hI ahiMsA sAkAra ho A~kho ke sAmane A jAtI hai| ahiMsA ko ArthAtmA jaina zabda ke sAtha isa prakAra ghulI milI huI hai ki inakA vibhAjana nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / loka-bhASA meM yahI pracalita hai ki jaina dharma yAnI ahiMsA, ahiMsA yAnI jaina dharma / dharma mAtra ahiMsAko Age kiye calate haiN| koI bhI dharma aisA nahIM

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612j jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA milatA, jisakA mUla yA pahalA tattva ahiMsA na ho| taba phira jaina dharma ke sAtha ahiMsA kA aisA tAdAtmya kyo? yahA~ vicAra kucha Age bar3hatA hai| __ahiMsA kA vicAra aneka bhUmikAoM para vikasita huA hai| kAyika, vAcika aura mAnasika ahiMsA ke bAre meM aneka dharmoM meM vibhinna dhAraNAe milatI haiN| sthUla rUpa meM sUkSamatA ke vIja bhI na milate hoM, vaisI vAta nahI, kintu vauddhika ahiMsA ke kSetra meM bhagavAn mahAvIra se jo anekAnta-dRSTi, milI, vahI khAsa kAraNa hai ki jaina dharma ke sAtha ahiMsA kA avicchinna sambandha ho claa| ___ bhagavAn mahAvIra ne dekhA ki hiMsA kI jar3a vicAro kI vipratipatti hai| vaicArika asamanvaya se mAnasika uttejanA bar3hatI hai aura vaha phira vAcika evaM kAyika hiMsA ke rUpa meM abhivyakta hotI hai| zarIra jar3a hai, vANI bhI jar3a hai, jar3a me hiMsA-ahiMsA ke bhAva nahIM hote| inakI udbhava-bhUmi mAnasika cetanA hai| usakI bhUmikAeM ananta haiN| pratyeka vastu ke ananta dharma haiM / unako jAnane ke lie ananta dRSTiyAM haiN| pratyeka dRSTi satyAza hai| saba dharmoM kA vargIkRta rUpa akhaNDa vastu aura satyAMzI kA vagIkaraNa akhaNDa satya hotA hai| akhaNDa vastu jAnI jA sakatI hai kintu eka zabda ke dvArA eka samaya meM kahI nahI jA sktii| manuSya jo kucha kahatA hai, usame vastu ke kisI eka pahalU kA nirupaNa hotA hai| vastu ke jitane pahalU haiM, utane hI satya haiM jitane satya hai, utane hI draSTA ke vicAra haiN| jitane vicAra hai, utanI hI AkAMkSAeM haiN| jitanI AkAMkSAeM haiM, utane hI kahane ke tarIke haiN| jitane tarIke haiM, utane hI matavAda hai| matavAda eka kendra-bindu hai| usake cAro ora vivAda-saMvAda, saMgharSa samanvaya, hiMsA aura ahiMsA kI parikramA lagatI hai| eka se aneka ke sambandha jur3ate haiM, satya yA asatya ke prazna khar3e hone lagate haiN| basa yahI se vicAro kA srota do dhArAo me vaha calatA hai- "anekAnta yA sat-ekAnta dRSTi-ahiMsA, asat-ekAnta dRSTi-hiMsA ___ koI vAta yA koI zabda sahI hai yA galata isakI parakha karane ke lie eka dRSTi kI aneka dhArAeM caahie| vaktA ne jo zabda kahA, taba vaha vina

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [113 avasthA meM thA ? usake Asa-pAsa kI paristhitiyAM kaisI thI ! usakA zabda kisa zabda-zakti se anvita thA ? vivakSA meM kisakA prAdhAnya thA / usakA uddezya kyA thA ? vaha kisa sAdhya ko lie calatA thA . usakI anya nirUpaNa-paddhatiyAM kaisI thIM ? tatkAlIna sAmayika sthitiyAM kaisI thI ? Adi-Adi aneka choTe-bar3e vATa milakara eka-eka zabda ko satya ke tarAjU meM tolate haiN| 'satya jitanA upAdeya hai, utanA hI jaTila aura chipA huA hai| use prakAza meM lAne kA eka mAtra sAdhana hai zabda / usake sahAre satya kA AdAna-pradAna hotA hai| zabda apane Apa meM satya yA asatya kucha bhI nahIM hai| vaktA kI pravRtti se vaha satya yA asatya se jur3atA hai| rAta eka zabda hai, vaha apane ApameM sahI yA jhUTha kucha bhI nhiiN| vaktA agara rAta ko rAta kahe to vaha zabda satya hai aura agara vaha dina ko rAta kahe to vahI zabda asatya ho jAtA hai| zabda kI aisI sthiti hai, tava kaise koI vyakti kevala usIke sahAre *satya ko grahaNa kara sakatA hai| isIlie bhagavAna mahAvIra ne batAyA-"pratyeka dharma (vastvaza) ko... apekSA se grahaNa kro| satya sApekSa hotA hai| eka satyAza ke sAtha lage yA chipe aneka satyAzI ko ThukarA kara koI use pakar3anA cAhe to vaha satyAza bhI usake sAmane asatyAMza vanakara AtA hai|" pUsaroM ke prati hI nahI kintu unake vicAroM ke prati bhI anyAya mata kro| apane ko samajhane ke sAtha-sAtha dUsaroM ko samajhane kI bhI ceSTA kro| yahI hai anekAnta dRSTi, yahI hai apekSAvAda aura isIkA nAma hai-bauddhika ahiMsA / bhagavAn mahAvIra ne ise dArzanika kSetra taka hI sImita nahIM rakhA, ise jIvana-vyavahAra meM bhI utaaraa| caDakauzika saoNpa ne bhagavAn ke Daka mAre taba unane socA-"yaha ajJAnI hai, isIlie mujhe kATa rahA hai, isa dazA meM maiM isa para krodha kaise kareM?" sagama ne bhagavAn ko kaSTa diye, tara unane socA"yaha moha vyAkSita hai, isalie yaha aisA jaghanya kArya karatA hai| maiM mohavyAkSita nahIM hU~, isalie mujhe krodha karanA ucita nhii|" W

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114] jaina darzana meM pramANa momAMsA bhagavAn ne caNDakauzika aura apane bhakto ko samAna dRSTi se dekhA, isalie dekhA ki unakI vizvamaitrI kI apekSA dono samakakSa mitra the| caNDakauzika apanI ugratA kI apekSA bhagavAn kA zatru mAnA jA sakatA hai kintu bhagavAn kI maitrI kI apekSA vaha unakA zatru nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| isa bauddhika ahisA kA vikAsa hone kI AvazyakatA hai| ___ skanTaka saMnyAsI ko uttara dete hue bhagavAn ne batAyA-vizva sAnta bhI hai, ananta bhii| yaha anekAnta dArzanika kSetra meM upayujya hai| dArzanika saMgharSa isa dRSTi se bahuta saralatA se sulajhAye jA sakate haiM, kintu kalaha kA kSetra sirpha matavAda hI nahIM hai| kauTumvika, sAmAjika aura rAjanItika akhAr3e saMgharSoM ke lie sadA khule rahate haiN| unameM anekAnta dRSTi labhya bauddhika ahiMmA kA vikAsa kiyA jAya to bahuta sAre saMgharSa Tala sakate haiN| jo kahI bhaya yA dvaidhIbhAva bar3hatA hai, usakA kAraNa aikAntika Agraha hI hai| eka rogI kahe, miThAI bahuta hAnikAraka vastu hai, usa sthiti meM svastha vyakti ko yakAyaka, bhaipanA nahI caahie| use socanA cAhie-"koI bhI nirapekSa vastu lAbhakAraka yA hAnikAraka nahIM hotI", usakI lAbha aura hAni kI vRtti kisI vyakti-vizeSa ke sAtha jur3ane se banatI hai| jahara kisI ke lie jahara hai, vahI kisI ke lie amRta hotA hai, paristhiti ke parivartana meM jahara jimake lie jahara hotA hai, usIke lie amRta bhI bana jAtA hai| sAmyavAda pUMjIvAda ko burA lagatA hai aura pUjIvAda sAmyavAda ko, isame aikAntikatA ThIka nahI ho sktii| kisI meM kucha aura kisI meM kucha vizeSa tathya mila hI jAte haiN| isa prakAra hara kSetra meM jaina dharma ahiMsA ko sAtha lie calatA hai // tattva aura AcAra para anekAntadRSTi "vAla hokara bhI apane ko paDita mAnane vAle vyakti ekAnta pakSa ke zrAzraya se utpanna hone vAle karmavandha ko nahIM jAnate 31 vyAvahArika aura tAtvika samI jagaha anekAnta kA AzrayaNa hI kalyANakara hotA hai| ekAntavAda aAgraha yA saMkliSTa manodazA kA pariNAma hai| usase karmavandha hotA hai| ahiMsaka ke karmavandha nahIM hotaa| anekAntadRSTi me Agraha yA saMkleza nahIM hotA, isalie vaha ahiMsA hai| sAdhaka ko unI kA prayoga gayA

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [115 caahie| ekAntadRSTi se vyavahAra bhI nahIM calatA, isalie usakA svIkAra anAcAra hai| anekAntadRSTi se vyavahAra kA bhI lopa nahIM hotA, isalie. usa kA svIkAra prAcAra hai / inake aneka sthAno kA varNana karate hue sUtrakRtAMga meM batAyA hai (1) padArtha nitya hI hai yA anitya hI hai-yaha mAnanA anAcAra hai| padArtha kathacit nitya hai aura kathaMcit anitya-yaha mAnanA AcAra hai| (2) zAstA-tIrthakara, unake ziSya yA bhavya, inakA sarvathA uccheda ho jAegA-saMsAra bhavya jIvana zUnya ho jAegA, yA mokSa hotA hI nahIM yaha mAnanA anAcAra hai| bhavastha kevalI mukta hote haiM, isalie ve zAzvata nahIM haiM aura pravAha kI apekSA kevalI sadA rahate haiM, isalie zAzvata bhI hai-yaha mAnanA AcAra hai| (3) saba jIva visadRza hI haiM yA sadRza hI haiM-yaha mAnanA anAcAra hai| ecaitanya, amUrtatva Adi kI dRSTi se prANI Apasa meM samAna bhI haiM aura karma, gati, jAti, vikAsa Adi kI dRSTi se vilakSaNa bhI hai-yaha mAnanA AcAra hai| (4) saba jIva karma kI gAMTha se bandhe hue hI raheMge athavA saba chUTa jAeMge-yaha mAnanA anAcAra hai / kAla, labdhi, vIrya, parAkrama Adi sAmagrI pAne vAle mukta hoge bhI aura nahI pAne vAle nahIM bhI hoMge-yaha mAnanA AcAra hai| (5) choTe aura bar3e jIvoM ko mArane meM pApa sarIkhA hotA hai athavA sarIkhA nahIM hotA-yaha mAnanA anAcAra hai| hiMsA meM bandha kI dRSTi se / sAdRzya bhI hai aura bandha kI mandatA, tIvratA kI dRSTi se asAdRzya bhI yaha mAnanA AcAra hai| (6) AdhAkarma AhAra khAne se muni karma se lita hote hI haiM yA nahIM hI hote-yaha mAnanA anAcAra hai| jAna bUjhakara AdhA karma AhAra khAne se lipta hote haiM aura zuddha nIti se vyavahAra meM zuddha jAnakara liyA huA AdhAkarma AhAra khAne se lisa nahI bhI hote yaha mAnanA prAcAra hai|

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.116] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA audArika, vaikriya, AhAraka, taijasa aura kArmaNa zarIra aminna / hI haiM, yA bhinna hI hai-yaha mAnanA anAcAra hai| ina zarIroM kI ghaTaka 'vargaNAeM bhinna haiM, isa dRSTi se ye bhinna bhI haiM aura eka deza-kAla meM upalabdha hote haiM, isalie abhinna bhI haiM-yaha mAnanA AcAra hai|/ (8) sarvatra vIrya hai, saba saba jagaha hai, sarva sarvAtmaka hai, kAraNa meM kArya kA sarvathA sadabhAva hai yA sarve meM savakI zakti nahI hai-kAraNa meM kArya kA sarvathA abhAva hai-yaha mAnanA anAcAra hai| astila Adi sAmAnya ghA~ kI apekSA padArtha eka sarvAtmaka bhI hai aura kArya-vizeSa guNa Adi kI apekSA a-sarvAtmaka-bhinna bhI hai| kAraNa me kArya kA sadabhAva bhI hai aura asadabhAva bhI-yaha mAnanA AcAra hai| (6) koI puruSa kalyANavAn hI hai yA pApI hI hai-yaha nahIM kahanA caahie| ekAntataH koI bhI vyakti kalyANavAn yA pApI nahIM hotaa|/ (10) jamat duHkha rUpa hI hai yaha nahIM kahanA caahie| madhyastha dRSTi vAle isa jagata meM parama sukhI bhI hote haiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne tatva aura AcAra donoM para anekAnta dRSTi se vicAra kiyaa| ina para ekAnta dRSTi se kiyA jAne vAlA vicAra mAnasasaMkleza yA Agraha kA hetu banatA hai| ahiMsA aura saMkleza kA janmajAna , virodha hai / isalie ahiMsA ko pallavita karane ke lie anekAntadRSTi parama Avazyaka hai / (AtmavAdI darzanoM kA mukhya lakSya hai-bandha aura mokSa kI mImAMsA krnaa| bandha, bandha-kAraNa, mokSa aura mokSa-kAraNa-yaha catuSTaya anekAnta ko mAte vinA ghaTa nahIM sktaa| anekAntAtmakatA ke sAtha kama-akrama vyApta hai| krama-akrama se artha-kriyA vyAsa hai| artha-kriyA se astitva vyApta hai| syAvAda kI AlocanA syAdavAda parakhA gayA aura kasauTI para kasA gyaa| bahulAMza tArkiko kI dRSTi meM vaha sahI nikalA / kaI tArkikoM ko usameM khAmiyAM dIkhI, unhoMne isalie use doSapUrNa batAyA brahmasUtrakAra vyAsa aura bhASyakAra zaMkarAcArya

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [117 1 se lekara Aja taka syAdavAda ke bAre me jo doSa batAe gaye hai, unakI saMkhyA lagabhaga ATha hotI hai, jaise(1) virodha (5) vyatikara (2) vaiyadhikaraNya (6) saMzaya (3) anavasthA (7) apratipatti (4) saMkara (8) amAva 1-ThaMDa aura gamoM meM virodha hai, vaise hI 'hai' aura 'nahIM' meM virodha hai 321 "jo vastu hai, vahI nahIM hai"-yaha virodha hai| 2-jo vastu 'he' zabda kI pravRtti kA nimitta hai, vahI 'nahIM' zabda kI pravRtti kA nimitta banane kI sthiti meM sAmAnAdhikaraNya nahIM ho sktaa| (bhinna nimittoM se pravartita do zabda eka vastu meM rahe, taba sAmAnAdhikaraNya hotA hai / sat vastu meM asat kI pravRtti kA nimitta nahIM milatA, isalie sat aura asat kA adhikaraNa eka vastu nahI ho sktii| 3- padArtha meM sAta bhaga jor3e jAte haiM, vaise hI 'asti' bhaMga me bhI sAta bhaga joDe jA sakate haiM-asti bhaMga me juDI sama-bhaMgI meM asti-bhaga hogA, usame phira sasa-bhaMgI hogii| isa prakAra sasa-bhagI kA kahI anta na aaegaa| (4) 'hai' aura 'nahI' dono eka sthAna me rahege to jisa rUpa meM hai' hai usI rUpa meM nahIM hogA-yaha saMkara doSa aaegaa| (5) jisa rUpa se 'he' hai, umI rUpa se 'nahIM' ho jAegA aura jisa rUpa se 'nahIM' hai usI rUpa se 'hai' ho jaaegaa| viSaya alaga-alaga nahI raha skeNge| 2076) saMzaya se padArtha kI pratipatti (zAna) nahIM hogI aura pratipatti hue vinA padArtha kA abhAva hogaa| jaina AcAryoM ne inakA uttara diyA hai| sacamuca syAdavAda me doSa nahIM . aate| aha kalpanA usakA sahI rUpa na samajhane kA pariNAma hai| isake pIche eka tathya hai| madhya yuga meM ajaina vidvAno ko jaina grantha par3hane meM jhijhaka thI kyo thI patA nahIM, para thI avazya / jaina zrAcArya khule dila se anya darzana

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118] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsA ke grantha par3hate the / jaina grantho para una dvArA likhI gaI TIkAeM isakA spaSTa pramANa hai syAdavAda kA nirAkaraNa karate samaya pUrvapakSa yathArtha nahIM rakhA gayA / syAdavAda meM virodha taba AtA, jaba ki eka hI dRSTi se vaha do dharmoM ko svIkAra karatA / para bAta aisI nahI hai| jaina zrAgama para dRSTi DAlie / bhagavAn mahAvIra se pUchA gayA ki - bhagavan! "jIva mara kara dUsare janma me jAtA hai, taba zarIra sahita jAtA hai yA zarIra rahita ?" bhagavAn kahate haiM-- " syAt zarIra sahita aura syAt zarIra rahita / " uttara meM virodha lagatA hai 2 para apekSA dRSTi ke sAmane Ate hI vaha miTa jAtA hai 34 / zarIra do prakAra ke hote hU~-sUkSma aura sthUla / zarIra mokSa dazA se pahile nahI chUTate, isa apekSA se parabhava- gAmI jIva zarIra sahita jAtA hai / sthUla zarIra eka-janma-sambaddha hote haiM, isa dRSTi se vaha a-zarIra jAtA hai| eka hI prANI kI sa zarIra aura azarIra gati virodhI banatI hai kintu apekSA samajhane para vaha vaisI nahIM rahatI / ) virodha tIna prakAra ke haiM - ( 1 ) vadhya ghAtaka - bhAva ( 2 ) sahAnavasthAna (3) prativandhya pratibandhaka bhAva / pahalA virodha balavAn aura durbala ke bIca hotA hai / vastu ke astitva aura nAstitva dharma tulyahetuka aura tulyabalI haiM, isalie ve eka dUsare ko bAdha nahI sakate 1 dUsarA virodha vastu kI kramika paryAyo me hotA hai / bAlya aura yauvana kramika hai, isalie ve eka sAtha nahI raha sakate / kintu astitva - aura nAstitva kramika nahIM haiM, isalie inameM yaha virodha bhI nahI AtA / Ama DaThala se bandhA rahatA hai, taba taka guru hone para bhI nIce nahI giratA | iname 'prativandhya-pratibandhaka bhAva' hotA hai / astitva - nAstitva ke prayojana kA pratibandhaka nahIM hai| asti-kAla meM hI para kI apekSA nAstibuddhi aura nAstikAla meM hI sva kI inameM prativandhya pratibandhaka bhAva bhI nahIM rahanA - 1 - apekSA asti- buddhi hotI hai, isalie nahI hai| apekSA bheda se- inameM virodha -

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- - - jaina darzana meM pramANa momAsA [119 / syAvAda virodha lAtA nahIM kintu avirodhI dharmoM meM jo virodha jagatA hai, use miTAtA hai 31 11) jisa rUpa se vastu sat hai, usI rUpa se vastu asat mAnI jAe re virodha pAtA hai| jaina darzana yaha nahI maantaa| vastu ko sva-rUpa se sat aura para-rUpa se asat mAnatA hai| zaMkarAcArya aura bhAskarAcArya ne jo eka hI vastu ko eka hI rUpa se sat-asat mAnane kA virodha kiyA hai, vaha jaina darzana para lAgU nahI hotA hindU vizvavidyAlaya banArasa ke saMskRta kaoNleja ke prinsIpala nikhila vidyAvAridhi paNDita ambAdAsajI zAstrI ne syAvAda meM dIkhane vAle virodha ko ApAtataH sandeha batAte hue likhA hai-"yahA~ para ApAtataH pratyeka vyakti ko yaha zakA ho sakatI hai ki isa prakAra paraspara virodhI dharma eka sthAna para kaise raha sakate haiM aura isI se vedAnta sUtra meM vyAsajI ne eka sthAna para likhA hai-'naikasminnasambhavAt-arthAt eka padArtha me paraspara viruddha niyAnityatvAdi nahI raha skte| parantu jainAcAryoM ne syAdavAda-siddhAnta se ina paraspara virodhI dharmoM kA eka sthAna meM bhI rahanA siddha kiyA hai| aura vaha yuktiyukta bhI hai kyoki vaha virodhI dharma vibhinna apekSAo se eka vastu meM rahate haiM, na ki eka hI apekSA se 31" pro0 phaNibhUSaNa adhikArI (adhyakSa-darzana zAstra, kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya) ke zabdoM meM-"vidvAn zaMkarAcArya ne isa siddhAnta ke prati anyAya kiyaa| yaha vAta anya yogyatA vAle puruSo meM kSamya ho sakatI thI kintu yadi mujhe kahane kA adhikAra hai to mai bhArata ke isa mahAn vidvAn ko sarvathA akSamya hI khuuNgaa| yadyapi mai iza maharSi kA atIva Adara kI dRSTi se dekhatA hU~ aisA jAna par3atA hai ki unhoMne isa dharma ke, jisake lie anAdara se 'vivasana-samaya' arthAt nagna logo kA siddhAnta aimA nAma ve rakhate haiM, darzana zAstra ke mUla grantho ke adhyayana kI paravAha nahIM kii|" / (2) vastu ke 'sat' aMza se usame hai' zabda kI pravRtti hotI hai, vaise hI usake asat aMza se usameM 'nahIM' zabda kI pravRtti hone kA nimitta

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120 ] jaina darzana me pramANa maumAMsI 1 vanatA hai / 'hai' aura 'nahI' ye dono eka hI vastu ke do bhinna dharmoM dvArA pravartita hote haiN| isalie vaiyadhikaraNya doSa bhI syAdvAda ko nahIM chUtA / (3) kisI vastu meM ananta vikalpa hote haiM, isIlie anavasthA dopa nahI banatA / yaha dopa tava bane, jaba ki kalpanAeM aprAmANika ho, sambhaMgiyA pramANa siddha haiM | isalie eka padArtha meM ananta saptabhaMgI hone para bhI yahA Topa nahIM AtA / dharma meM dharma kI kalpanA hotI hI nahIM / astitva dharma hai usame dUsare dharma kI kalpanA hI nahIM hotI, taba anavasthA kaise 2 ( 4 ) vastu jisa rUpa se 'asti' hai, usI rUpa se 'nAsti' nahIM hai / isalie saMkara-doSa bhI nahI AegA 45 (5) astitva astitva rUpa meM pariNata hotA hai aura nAstitva nAstitva rUpa meN| kintu astitva nAstitva rUpa meM aura nAstitva astitva rUpa meM pariNata nahI hotA 41 | 'hai' 'nahIM' nahI banatA aura 'nahIM' 'hai' nahI banatA, isalie vyatikaradoSa bhI nahIM Ane vAlA hai 42 | (6) svAdvAda meM aneka dharmoM kA nizcaya rahatA hai, isalie vaha saMzaya bhI nahI hai / pro0 zrAnandazaMkara bApU bhAI dhruva ke zabdoM me - "mahAvIra ke 1 siddhAnta me batAye gae syAdavAda ko kitane hI loga saMzayavAda kahate haiM, ise maiM nahI mAnatA / (syAdvAda saMzayavAda nahI hai kintu vaha eka dRSTivindu hamako upalabdha karA detA hai / vizva kA kisa rIti se avalokana karanA cAhie, yaha hameM sikhAtA hai / yaha nizcaya hai ki vividha dRSTibinduo dvArA nirIkSaNa kiye binA koI bhI vastu sampUrNa rUpa me yA nahIM sktii| syAdavAda (jainadharma) para kSetra karanA anucita hai / " (7-8) saMzaya nahIM taba nizcita jJAna kA abhAva -- zrapratipatti nahI hogI / apratipatti ke binA vastu kA abhAva bhI nahI hogA / tribhagI yA saptamaMgo apanI sattA kA svIkAra aura para sattA kAM asvIkAra hI vastu kA vastutva hai 43 / yaha svIkAra aura asvIkAra' dono ekAzrayI hote haiN| vastu meM 'sva' kI sattA kI bhAMti 'para' kI sattA nahI ho to usakA svarUpa hI nahIM bana sakatA / vastu ke svarUpa kA pratipAdana karate samaya aneka vikalpa karane

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [121 Avazyaka hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne gautama svAmI ke prazna kA uttara dete hue kahA-"ratnaprabhA pRthvI syAt AtmA hai, syAt AtmA nahI, syAt avaktavya hai|" sva kI apekSA AtmA astitva hai, para kI apekSA AtmA-astitva nahIM hai| yugapat dono kI apekSA avaktavya hai| ye tIna vikalpa haiM, inake saMyoga se cAra vikalpa aura vanate haiM (4) syAt-asti, syAt nAsti-ratnaprabhA pRthvI kha kI apekSA hai, para kI apekSA nahIM hai-yaha do aMzoM kI kramika vivakSA hai| (5) syAt-asti, syAt-avaktavya-kha kI apekSA hai, yugapat kha-para kI apekSA avaktavya hai| (6) syAt nAsti, syAt-avaktavya-para kI apekSA nahIM hai, yugapat khapara kI apekSA avaktavya hai| (7) syAt-asti, syAt-nAsti, syAt-avaktavya-eka aMza sva kI apekSA hai, eka aMza para kI apekSA nahIM hai, yugapat donoM kI apekSA avaktavya hai| pramANa-saptamagI sattva kI pradhAnatA se vastu kA pratipAdana (1) isalie. asti| asattva , , , , (2) isalie.. nAsti / ubhaya dharma kI ,, se kramazaH vastu kA, (3), "asti-nAsti / " " "" yugapat , , nahIM ho sakatA (4) isalie avktvy| / ubhaya dharma kI pradhAnatA se yugapat vastu kA pratipAdana nahIM ho sakatA 'sana kI pradhAnatA se vastu kA pratipAdana ho sakatA hai (5) islieavktvy-asti| / umaya dharma kI pradhAnatA se yugapat vastu kA pratipAdana nahI ho sakatAasattva kI pradhAnatA se vastu kA pratipAdana ho sakatA hai (6) isalieavatanya naati| Numaya dharma kI pradhAnatA ke sAtha ubhaya dharma kI pradhAnatA se kramazaH vastu kA pratipAdana ho sakatA hai (7) isalie-avatanya-asti-nAsti /

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122] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA saptabhaMgI hI kyoM ? vastu kA pratipAdana krama aura yogapadya, ina do paddhatiyoM se hotA hai| vastu meM 'asti' dharma bhI hotA hai aura 'nAsti' dharma bhii| (12) 'vastu hai'- yaha akhi dharma kA pratipAdana hai| 'vastu nahI haiyaha nAsti dharma kA pratipAdana hai| yaha kramika pratipAdana hai| asti aura nAsti eka sAtha nahIM kahe jA makate, isalie yugapat aneka dharma pratipAdana kI apekSA padArtha avaktavya hai / yaha yugapat pratipAdana hai| (3) krama-paddhati meM jaise eka kAla meM eka zabda se eka guNa ke dvArA samasta vastu kA pratipAdana ho jAtA hai, vaise eka kAla meM eka zabda se do pratiyogI guNo ke dvArA vastu kA pratipAdana nahI ho sktaa| isalie yugapat eka zabda se samasta vastu ke pratipAdana kI vivakSA hotI hai, taba vaha avaktavya bana jAtI hai| __vastupratipAdana ke ye maulika vikalpa tIna hI haiN| apunarukta rUpa meM inake cAra vikalpa aura ho sakate haiM, isalie sAta vikalpa banate haiN| bAda ke bhaMgo meM punarukti A jAtI hai| unase koI nayA bodha nahIM milatA, isalie unheM pramANa meM sthAna nahIM miltaa| isakA phalita rUpa yaha hai ki vastu ke ananta dhoM para ananta satarmaziyAM hotI haiM kintu eka dharma para sAta se adhika bhNg| nahI bnte| (4) apunarukta-vikalpa-sat dravyAza hotA hai aura asat paryAyAMza / dravyAMza kI apekSA vastu sat hai aura abhAva rUpa paryAyAMza kI apekSA vastu asat hai| eka sAtha dono kI apekSA avaktavya hai| krama-vivakSA meM ubhayAtmaka hai| 5-6-7) avaktavya kA sadabhAva, kI pradhAnatA se pratipAdana ho taba pAMcavAM, asadbhAva kI pradhAnatA se ho taba chaThA aura kramazaH TonI kI pradhAnatA se ho taba sAtavAM bhaMga banatA hai| prathama tIna asAyogika vikalo meM vivakSita dhamoM ke dvArA akhaNDa vastu kA grahaNa hotA hai, isalie ye sakalAdezI haiN| zeSa cAro kA viSaya dezAvachina tharNa hotA hai, isalie ve nikalAdezI hU~ . .

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA (123 eka vidyArthI meM yogyatA, ayogyatA, sakriyatA aura niSkriyatA-ye cAra dharma mAna sAta bhaMgoM kI parIkSA karane para inakI vyAvahArikatA kA patA laga skegaa| inameM do guNa sadabhAva rUpa haiM aura do unake prtiyogii| kisI vyakti ne adhyApaka se pUchA-"amuka vidyArthI paDhane meM kaisA hai ?" adhyApaka ne kahA-"var3A yogya hai|" (1) yahA~ par3hAI kI apekSA se usakA yogyatA dharma mukhya bana gayA aura zeSa saba dharma usake andara chipa gae-gauNa vana ge| dusare ne pUchA-"vidyArthI namratA meM kaisA hai " adhyApaka ne kahA-"bar3A ayogya hai|" (2) yahaoN uddaNDatA kI apekSA se usakA ayogyatA dharma mukhya vana gayA aura zeSa saba dharma gauNa bana gae ? kisI tIsare vyakti ne pUchA-"vaha par3hane meM aura vinaya-vyavahAra meM kaisA hai ? adhyApaka ne kahA-"kyA kahe yaha bar3A vicitra hai| isake bAre meM kucha kahA nahIM jA sktaa|" (3) yaha vicAra usa samaya nikalatA hai, jaba usakI par3hAI aura ucchRkhalatA, ye donoM eka sAtha mukhya bana dRSTi ke sAmane nAcane laga jAtI haiN| aura kamI-kamI yU mI uttara hotA hai "bhAI acchA hI hai, paDhane meM yogya hai kintu vaise vyavahAra meM yogya nhiiN|" ___ pAMcavAM uttara-"yogya hai phira bhI bar3A vicitra hai, usake bAre meM kucha kahA nahI jA sktaa|" chaThA uttara-"yogya nahIM hai phira bhI bar3A vicitra hai, usake bAre meM kucha kahA nahIM jA sktaa|" sAtavAM uttara-"yogya bhI hai, nahIM bhI-are kyA pUchate ho bar3A vicitra lar3akA hai, usake bAre meM kucha kahA nahI jA sktaa|" uttara dene vAle kI bhinna-bhinna manaH sthitiyA hotI hai| kabhI usake sAmane yogyatA kI dRSTi pradhAna ho jAtI hai aura kabhI ayogyatA kii| kabhI eka sAtha donoM aura kabhI kramazaH kamI yogyatA kA bakhAna hote-hote

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124 ] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA yogyatA - yogyatA dono pradhAna banatI haiM, tava AdamI ulajha jAtA hai| kabhI yogyatA kA bakhAna hote-hote dono pradhAna banatI haiM aura ulajhana AtI hai / kabhI yogyatA aura ayogyatA dono kA kramika vakhAna calate-calate donoM para eka sAtha dRSTi daur3ate hI "kucha kahA nahIM jA sakatA" - aimI vANI nikala par3atI hai / jIva kI sakriyatA aura niSkriyatA para syAd ti, jAti, vaktavya kA prayoga : mAnasika, vAcika aura kAyika vyApAra jIva aura pudgala ke saMyoga se hotA hai (1) ekAnta nizcayavAdI ke anusAra jIva niSkriya aura ajIva makriya hai| mAMkhya darzana kI bhASA meM puruSa niSkriya aura prakRti sakriya hai / ekAnta vyavahAravAdI ke anusAra jIva sakriya hai aura ajIva niSkriya | vijJAna kI bhASA meM jIva sakriya aura ajIva niSkriya hai / syAdvAda kI dRSTi se jIva sakriya bhI hai, niSkriya bhI hai aura avAcya bhI I labdhi vIrya yA zakti kI apekSA se jIva kI niSkriyatA satya hai; karaNaatra for a apekSA se jIva kI sakriyatA satya hai; ubhaya dharmoM kI apekSA se vaktavyatA satya hai / guNa-samudAya ko dravya kahate haiM / dravya ke pradezoM - avayavo ko kSetra kahate haiM / vyavahAra-dRSTi ke anusAra dravya kA AdhAra bhI kSetra kahalAtA hai / dravya ke pariNamana ko kAla kahate haiM / jisa dravya kA jo pariNamana hai, vahI unakA kAla hai / ghar3I, muhUrtta Adi kAla vyAvahArika kalpanA hai / dravya ke guNazakti-pariNamana ko bhAva kahate haiM / pratyeka vastu kA dravyAdi catuSTaya bhinnaminna rahatA hai, eka jaise, eka kSetra meM rahe hue, eka sAtha bane, eka rUpa-raMga vAle sau ghar3o meM sAdRzya ho sakatA hai, ekatA nhiiN| eka ghar3e ke mRt-paramANu dUsare ghar3e ke mRt-paramANuoM se bhinna hote haiN| isI prakAra avagAha, paripamana aura guNa bhI eka nahIM hote / vastu ke pratyeka dharma para vidhi-niSedha kI kalpanA karane se ananta tribhgiyaa| yA saptamaMgiyA~ hotI hai kintu usake eka dharma para vidhi-niSedha kI klpanA karane se tribhaMgI yA saptabhaMgI hI hotI hai ** "

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [ 125 - vastu ke viSaya sAta hai, isalie sAta prakAra ke saMdeha, sAta prakAra ke saMdeha hai isalie sAta prakAra kI jijJAsA, sAta prakAra kI jijJAsA se sAta prakAra ke payanuyoga, sAta prakAra ke paryanuyoga se sAta prakAra ke vikalpa banate haiM / mithyA dRSTi "AgrahI bata ninISati yukti, tatra yatra matirasya niviSTA / pakSapAtarahitasya tu yuktiyaMtra tatra matireti nivezam // " zrAgraha sava meM hotA hai kintu dUsare ke Agraha kA ucita mUlya aAMka sake, vaha AgrahI nahIM hotaa| anekAnta samyag-dRSTi hai| sApekSa ekAnta bhI samyagdRSTi hai| . nirapekSa ekAnta-dRSTi mithyA dRSTi hai| dRSTi pramAda yA bhUla se mithyA banatI hai| pramAda aneka prakAra kA hotA hai / / ajJAna pramAda hai-anajAna meM AdamI bar3e se bar3e anyAya kA samarthana kara baiThatA hai| anAmigrahika mithyAtva meM asatya ke prati Agraha nahI hotA phira bhI ajJAnavaza asatya ke prati satya kI zraddhA hotI hai, isalie vaha mithyA dRSTi hai aura isIlie ajJAna kI sabase bar3A pApa mAnA gayA hai| ajJAna krodha Adi pApo se bar3A pApa hai aura isalie hai ki usase DhakA huA manuSya hita-ahita kA bheda mI nahIM samajha sktaa|" ajJAna-dazA meM hone vAlI bhUla bhUla nahIM, yaha jaina darzana nahIM maantaa| mithyA jJAna se hone vAlI bhUleM sApha haiN| jJAna mithyA hogA to jJeya kA yathArtha vodha nahIM hogaa| varzana kI bhASA meM yaha viparyaya yA viparIta jJAna hai| vastu kA svarUpa anekAnta hai, use ekAnta samajhanA viparyaya hai| saMzaya bhI pramAda hai| anizcita jJAna se vastu vaise nahI jAnI jA sakatI jaise vaha hai| isalie yaha bhI samyagdRSTi banane me bAdhaka hai| jijJamA aura saMzaya eka nahI hai 50 / bhASA sambandhI mUle ___ ekAnta bhApA, nirapekSa eka dharma ko akhaNDa vastu kahane vAlI bhASA dopapUrNa hai| nizcayakAriNI bhApA, jaise-anuka kAma karU~gA, Age vaha kaoNma

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126 jaina darzana meM pramANa maumAMsA na kara sake, isalie yaha bhI satya kI bAdhaka hai| Aveza, krodha, abhimAna chala, loma-lAlaca kI usa dazA meM vyakti ThIka-ThIka nahIM soca pAtA, isalie aisI sthitiyoM meM ayathArtha bAteM bar3hAcar3hAkara yA toDamor3akara kahI jAtI haiM 511 IkSaNa yA darzana sambandhI bhUle vastu adhika dUra hotI hai yA adhika nikaTa, mana caMcala hotA hai, vastu ati sUkSma hotI hai athavA kisI dUsarI cIja se vyavahata hotI hai, do vastue milI huI hotI haiM, kSetra kI viSamatA hotI hai, kuhAsA hotA hai, kAla kI viSamatA, sthiti kI viSamatA hotI hai, tava darzana kA pramAda hotA hai-dekhane kI bhUleM hotI haiM 52 // Akane kI bhUle vastu kA jo svarUpa hai, jo kSetra hai, jo kAla aura bhAva-paryAye haiM, unhe chor3akara korI vastu ko samajhane kI ceSTA hotI hai, taba vastu kA svarUpa Akane me bhUle hotI hai| kArya-kAraNa sambandhI mULe ___ jo pahale hotA hai, vahI kAraNa nahIM hotaa| kAraNa vaha hotA hai, jisake / binA kArya paidA na ho ske| pahale hone mAtra se kAraNa mAna liyA jAe athavA kAraNa-sAmagrI ke ekAMza ko kAraNa mAna liyA jAe athavA eka vAta ko anya saba bAto kA kAraNa mAna liyA jAe-vaha kArya kAraNa sambandhI bhUle hotI hai| pramANa sambandhI mule jitane pramANAbhAsa haiM, ve sava pramANa kA pramAda hone se banate haiM / jaisepratyakSa kA pramAda, parokSa kA pramAda, smRti-pramAda, pratyabhijJA-pramAda, tarkapramAda, anumAna-pramAda, Agama-pramAda, vyAti-pramAda, hetu-pramAda, lakSaNa-pramAda / mAnasika akAva sambandhI pramAda kama-vikAsa kA siddhAnta galata hI hai yaha nahIM, yathArtha hI hai, yaha bhI

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA 127 nhiiN| phira bhI mAnasika mukAva ke kAraNa koI use sarvathA truTipUrNa kahatA hai, koI solaha AnA sahI mAnatA hai| 4/ Upara kI kucha paMktiyAM sUtra-rUpa me hai| inase hamArI dRSTi vizAla banatI hai| syAdavAdakI maryAdA samajhane meM bhI sahArA milatA hai / vastu kA sthUla rUpa dekha hama use sahI-sahI samajha le, yaha bAta nhiiN| usake lie bar3I sAvadhAnI baratanI par3atI hai| Upara ke sUtra sAvadhAnI ke sUtra haiN| vastu ko samajhate samaya sAvadhAnI meM kamI rahe to dRSTi mithyA bana jAtI hai aura Age cala vaha hiMsA kA rUpa le letI hai aura yadi sAvadhAnI baratI jAe-Asa-pAsa ke saba pahaluoM para ThIka ThIka dRSTi DAlI jAe to vastu kA asalI rUma samajha meM A jAtA hai|

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sAta 129-176 nayavAda sApekSa dRSTi bhagavAn mahAvIra kI apekSA dRSTiyA samanvaya kI dizA dharma-samanvaya dharma aura samAja ko maryAdA aura samanvaya samaya kI anubhUti kA tAratamya aura sAsajasya viveka aura samanvaya-dRSTi rAjanItika vAda aura apekSA-dRSTi pravRtti aura nivRtti zraddhA aura tarka samanvaya ke do stamma natha yA savAda svArtha aura parArtha vacana-vyavahAra kA vargIkaraNa nayavAda kI pRSTha-bhUmi satya kA vyAkhyAdvAra naya kA udezya naya kA svarUpa naigama saMgraha aura vyavahAra vyavahAranaya RjusUtra zabdanaya samamirur3ha

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vicAra ko AdhAra - mitti do paramparAe~ paryAyArthika naya arthanaya aura zabdanaya naya - vibhAga kA AdhAra naya ke viSaya kA alpa - bahuttva naya kI zabda-yojanA naya kI tribhaMgI yA sapta bhaMgI aikAntika Agraha yA mithyAvAda ekAntavAda : pratyakSajJAna kA viparyaya

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"natthi naehi vihUNaM, sutaM atyIya jiNamae kiMci / Asajjana soyAraM, nae naya visArI bUlA // " zrAva ni0 gAthA 762 sApekSa-dRSTi pratyeka vastu meM aneka virodhI dharma pratIta hote haiN| apekSA ke vinA unakA vivecana nahI kiyA jA sktaa| akhaNDa dravya ko jAnane samaya usakI samagratA jAna lI jAtI hai kintu isase vyavahAra nahIM cltaa| upayoga akhaNDa jAna kA hI ho sakatA hai| amuka samaya meM amuka kArya ke lie amuka vastudharma kA hI vyavahAra yA upayoga hotA hai, akhaNDa vastu kA nahIM / hamArI sahaja apekSAeM bhI aisI hI hotI haiN| viTAmina DI (VitaminD) kI kamI vAlA vyakti sUrya kA AtApa letA hai, vaha vAlasUrya kI kiraNoM kA legaa| zarIra-vijaya kI dRSTi se sUrya kA tApa sahane vAlA taruNasUrya kI dhUpa meM AtApa legaa| minna-bhinna apekSA ke pIche padArtha kA minna-bhinna upayoga hotA hai| pratyeka upayoga ke pIche hamArI nizcaya apekSA jur3I huI hotI hai| yadi apekSA na ho to pratyeka vacana aura vyavahAra Apasa meM virodhI bana jAtA hai|) eka kATha ke Tukar3e kA mUlya eka rupayA hotA hai, usIkA utkIrNana (khudAI ) ke vAda dasa rupayA mUlya ho jAtA hai, yaha kyo ? kATha nahI vadalA phira bhI usakI sthiti badala gii| usake sAtha sAtha mUlya kI apekSA vadala gii| kATha kI apekSA se usakA ava bhI vahI eka rupayA mUlya hai kintu khudAI kI apekSA mUlya vaha nahIM, nau rupaye aura bar3ha ge| eka aura dasa kA mUlya virodhI hai para apekSA meda samajhane para virodha nahIM rhtaa| apekSA hamArA buddhigata dharma hai| vaha bheda se paidA hotA hai| bheda mukhyavRttyA cAra hote haiM (1) vstu-med| (2) kSetra-bheda yA zAzcaya bhed|

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132] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA (3) kAla-bheda / (4) avasthA bhed| tAtparya yaha hai-"sattA vahI jahA~ artha-kriyA, artha kriyA vahI jahA~ kramaakrama, krama-akrama vahI jahA~ anekAnta hotA hai| ekAntavAdI vyApaka anekAnta ko nahIM mAnate, tava vyApya krama-akrama nahI, krama-akrama ke vinA kriyA va kAraka nahI, kriyA va kAraka ke vinA bandha Adi cAro (bandha, vandha kAraNa, mokSa, mokSa kAraNa ) nahI hote / isalie samasyAno se mukti pAne ke lie anekAntadRSTi hI zaraNa hai| kATha ke Tukar3e ke mUlya para jo hamane vicAra kiyA, vaha avasthA bheda se utpanna apekSA hai| yadi hama isa avasthA bheda se utpanna hone vAlI apekSA kI upekSA kara deM to bhinna mUlyoM kA samanvaya nahI kiyA jA sktaa| Ama kI Rtu meM rupaye ke do sera Ama milate haiN| mRtu bItane para sera Ama kA mUlya do rupaye ho jAte haiN| koI bhI vyavahArI eka hI vastu ke ina vibhinna mUlyoM ke lie jhagar3A nahIM krtaa| usakI sahaja buddhi meM kAlabheda kI apekSA samAI huI rahatI hai| ___ kAzmIra meM meve kA jo bhAva hotA hai, vaha rAjasthAna meM nahIM hotaa| kAzmIra kA vyakti rAjasthAna meM Akara yadi kAzmIra-sulabha mUlya meM mevA lene kA Agraha kare to vaha buddhimAnI nahIM hotii| vastu eka hai, yaha anvaya kI dRSTi hai kintu vastu kI kSetrAzrita paryAya eka nahIM hai| jise Ama kI AvazyakatA hai vaha sIdhA Ama ke pAsa hI pahuMcatA hai| usakI apekSA yahI vo hai ki Ama ke atirika saba vastuoM ke abhAva dharma vAlA aura grAmaparamANu sadbhAvI Ama use mile| isa sApekSa-dRSTi ke vinA vyAvahArika samAdhAna bhI nahIM miltaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra kI apekSAdaSTiyAM "se niccaniccehiM samikkha paNNera-avyuccheda kI dRSTi se vastu nitya hai, vyuccheda kI dRSTi se anitya / bhagavAn ne aviccheda aura yincheda dono kA samanvaya kiyaa| phalasvarUpa ye nirNaya nikalate haiM ki (1) vastu na nitya, na anitya kintu nitya-anitya kA samanvaya /

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [ 133 (2 ) vastu na bhinna, na abhinna kintu bhaida-nameda kA samanvaya hai| (3) vastu na eka, na aneka kintu eka aneka kA samanvaya hai / inhe buddhigamya banAne ke lie unhoMne aneka vargIkRta apekSAeM prastuta kIM / ve kucha isa prakAra hai :--- I ( 1 ) dravya / ( 2 ) kSetra / ( 3 ) kAla 1 (4) bhAva - paryAya yA pariNamana / (5) bhava / ( 6 ) saMsthAna * / (7) guNa / (8) pradeza avayava " / ( 6 ) saMkhyA / (10) zragha / (11) vidhAna | ... kAla aura vizeSa guNakRta avicchinna nitya kAla aura kramabhAvI dhamakRta vicchinna anitya hotA hai / kSetra aura mAmAnya guNakRta avicchinna bhinna, kSetra aura vizeSa guNakRta vicchinna bhinna hotA hai / vastu aura sAmAnya guNakRta avicchinna eka, vastu aura vizeSa guNakRta vicchinna aneka hotA hai / vastu ke vizeSa guNa ( svatantra sattA-sthApaka dharma) kA kabhI nAza nahI hotA, isalie vaha nitya aura usake krama-bhAvI dharma vanate-bigar3ate rahate haiM, isalie vaha anitya hai / "vaha ananta dharmAtmaka hai, isalie usakA eka hI kSaNa meM eka svabhAva se utpAda hotA hai, dUsare svabhAva se vinAza aura tIsare svabhAva se sthiti " vastu me ina virodhI dharmoM kA ye apekSA dRSTiyA~ vastu ke virodhI dhamoM ko miTAne ke virodha ko miTAtI haiM, jo tarkavAda me udabhUta hotA hai sahaja sAmalasya hai / lie nahIM hai / ye uma }

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134] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA samanvaya kI dizA (apekSAvAda samanvaya kI ora gati hai| isake AdhAra para paraspara virodhI mAlUma par3ane vAle vicAra saralatApUrvaka sulajhAe jA sakate haiN| )madhyayugIna darzana protAoM kI gati isa ora kama rhii| yaha duHkha kA viSaya hai / jaina dArzanika nayavAda ke RNI hote hue bhI apekSA kA khulakara upayoga nahIM kara sake, yaha atyanta kheda kI bAta hai| yadi aisA huA hotA to satya kA mArga itanA kaMTIlA nahIM hotaa| __samanvaya kI dizA batAne vAle zrAcArya nahIM hue, aisA bhI nhii| aneka AcArya hue haiM, jinhoMne dArzanika vivAdoM ko miTAne ke lie pracura zrama kiyaa| inameM haribhadra zrAdi agrasthAnIya haiN| ___ AcArya haribhadra ne kartRtvavAda kA samanvaya karate hue likhA hai-"AtmA meM parama aizvarya, ananta zakti hotI hai, isalie vaha Izvara hai aura vaha kartA hai| isa prakAra kartRtvavAda apane Apa vyavasthita ho jAtA hai|" ___ jaina Izvara ko karttA nahIM mAnatA, naiyAyika Adi mAnate haiN| anAkAra Izvara kA prazna hai, vahA~ taka donoM meM koI matabheda nhiiN| naiyAyika Izvara ke sAkAra rUpa meM kartRtva batalAte haiM aura jaina manuSya meM Izvara banane kI kSamatA batalAte haiN| naiyAyikoM ke matAnusAra Izvara kA sAkAra avatAra kartA aura jaina dRSTi meM aizvarya-zakti sampanna manuSya kartA, isa vindu para satya abhinna ho jAtA hai, kevala vicAra-paddhati kA bheda rahatA hai| V pariNAma, phala yA niSkarSa hamAre sAmane hote haiM, unameM vizeSa vicAra-bheda nahIM hotA / adhikAMza matameda nimitta, hetu yA pariNAma siddhi kI prakriyA me hote haiN| bAharaNa ke lie eka tathya le lIjie-zvara kartRtvavAdI saMsAra kI utpatti, sthiti aura pralaya mAnate haiN| jaina, bauddha Adi aisA nahIM maante| dono vicAradhArAoM ke anusAra jagat anAdi-ananta hai| jaina-dRSTi ke anusAra asat se sat aura vauddha-dRSTi ke anusAra sat-pravAha ke vinA sat utpanna nahIM hotA / yaha sthiti hai| isameM saba eka haiN| janma aura mRtyu, * utpAda aura nAza varAvara cala rahe haiM, inhe koI arvakAra nahIM kara sktaa| aba bheda rahA sirfa inakI nimitta prakriyA meN| sRSTivAdiyoM ke dRSTi,

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsA [135 pAlana aura saMhAra ke nimitta hai-brahmA, viSNu aura maheza / jaina padArtha mAna meM utpAda, vyaya aura prauvya mAnate haiN| padArthamAtra kI sthiti svanimitta se hI hotI hai| utpAda aura vyaya svanimitta se hote hI haiM aura paranimitta se bhI hote haiN| cauddha utpAda aura nAza mAnate haiN| sthiti sIdhe zabdo meM nahIM mAnate kintu santati pravAha ke rUpa meM sthiti bhI unheM svIkAra karanI par3atI hai| jagat kA sUkSma yA sthUla rUpa meM utpAda, nAza aura dhrauvya cala rahA hai, isameM koI matabheda nhiiN| jaina-dRSTi ke anusAra sat padArtha nirUpa haiM aura vaidika dRSTi ke anusAra Izvara trirUpa hai / matabheda sirpha isakI prakriyA meM hai| nimitta ke vicAra-bheda se isa prakriyA ko naiyAyika dRSTivAda, jaina 'pariNAmi-nityavAda' aura bauddha 'pratItyasamutpAda vAda' kahate haiN| yaha kAraNamaiTa pratIka paraka hai, satyaparaka nahIM / pratIka ke nAma aura kalpanAe~ bhinna haiM kintu tathya kI svIkArokti bhinna nahIM hai| isa prakAra aneka dArzanika tathya hai, jina para vicAra kiyA jAe to unake kendravindu pRthak-pRthak nahIM jAna pdd'te| __ bhaugolika kSetra meM calie, prAcya bhAratIya jyotiSa ke anusAra pRthvI ko sthira aura sUrya ko cara mAnA jAtA hai| sUrya-siddhAnta ke anusAra sUrya sthira hai aura pRthvI cr| koparanikasa pRthvI ko sthira aura sUrya ko cara mAnatA thaa| vartamAna vijJAna ke anusAra sUrya ko sthira aura pRthvI ko cara mAnA jAtA hai | AinsTIna ke apekSAvAda ke anusAra pRthvI cara hai, sUrya sthira yA sUrya cara hai aura pRthvI sthira, yaha nizcayapUrvaka nahIM kahA jA sakatA | vyavahAra meM jo sUrya ko sthira aura pRthvI ko cara mAnA jAtA hai, vaha unakI dRSTi meM gaNita kI suvidhA hai, isalie ve kahate haiM-yaha hamArA nizcayavAda nahI kintu suvidhAvAda hai / grahaNa Adi niSkarSa donoM gaNita-paddhatiyo se samAna nikalate haiM, isalie vastu sthiti kA nizcaya indriyazAna se sambhava nahIM . vntaa| kintu bhAvI pratyakSa pariNAma ko vyakta karane kI paddhati kI apekSA se kisI ko bhI asatya nahIM mAnA jA sktaa|

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136] jaina darzana meM pramANaM mImAsI dharma samanvaya ___ dharma-darzana ke kSetra me samanvaya kI aura saMketa karate hue eka AcArya ne likhA hai-samAja vyavahAra yA dainika vyavahAra kI apekSA vaidika dharma, ahiMsA yA mokSArtha AcaraNa kI apekSA jaina dharma, zruti-mAdhurya yA karuNA kI apekSA bauddha dharma aura upAsanA-paddhati yA yoga kI apekSA zaiva dharma zreSTha hai ..." yaha sahI bAta hai| koI bhI tatva sava athA me paripUrNa nahIM hotaa| padArtha kI pUrNatA apanI maryAdA meM hI hotI hai aura usa maryAdA kI apekSA se hI vastu ko pUrNa mAnA jAtA hai| nirapekSa pUrNatA hamArI kalpanA kI vastu hai, vastusthiti nhiiN| AtmA carama vikAsa pA lene ke bAda bhI apane rUpa me pUrNa hotI hai| kintu acetana padArtha kI apekSA usakI pUrNatA nahIM hotI / acetana rUpa me vaha pUrNa taba bane, jabaki vaha sarva bhAva meM acetana bana jAe-aisA hotA nahI, isalie acetana kI sattA kI adhikArI kaise bane / acetana apanI paridhi meM pUrNa hai| apanI paridhi meM antima vikAsa ho jAe, usI kA nAma pUrNatA hai| jaina dharma jo mokSa-puruSArtha hai, mokSa kI dizA vatAe, isI meM usakI pUrNatA hai aura isI apekSA se vaha upAdeya hai| saMsAra calAne kI apekSA se jaina dharma kI sthiti grAhya nahIM banatI tAtparya yaha hai ki saMsAra meM jitanA mokSa hai, usakI jaina dharma ko apekSA hai kintu jo korA saMsAra hai, usakI apekSA se jaina dharma kA astitva nahIM bntaa| samAja kI apekSA sirpha mokSa hI nahIM, isalie use aneka dharmoM kI parikalpanA Avazyaka huii| dharma aura samAja kI maryAdA aura samanvaya AtmA akelI hai| akelI AtI hai aura akelI jAtI hai| apane kiye kA akelI hI phala bhogatI hai| yaha mokSa dharma kI apekSA hai| samAja kI apekSA isase bhinna hai / usakA AdhAra hai sahayoga / usakI apekSA hai, saba kucha sahayoga se bane / sAmAnyataH aisA pratIta hotA hai ki eka vyakti dono vicAra lie cala nahIM sakatA kintu vastusthiti aisI nahIM hai / jo vyakti mokSa-dharma kI apekSA AtmA kA akelApana aura samAja kI apekSA usakAsAmudAyika rUpa samajhakara cale to koI virodha nahIM aataa| isI apekSA dRSTi se prAcArya bhintu ne batAyA

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA 137 "saMsAra aura mokSa kA mArga pRthaka-pRthak hai / " mokSa-darzana kI apekSA vyakti kA akelApana satya hai aura samAja-darzana kI apekSA usakA sAmudAyika rUpa / sAmudAyikatA aura Atma-sAdhanA eka vyakti meM hotI hai kintu unake upAdAna aura nimitta eka nahIM hote| ve minnahetuka hotI haiM, isalie unakI apekSAeM bhI bhinna hotI hai| apekSAeM bhinna hotI haiM, isalie unameM avirodha. hotA hai| AtmA ke akelepana kA dRSTikoNa samAja virodhI hai aura AtmA ke sAmUhika karma yA phala bhoga kA dRSTikoNa dhrm-virodhii| kintu vAstava meM dono meM koI virodhI nhiiN| apanI svarUpa-maryAdA meM koI virodha hotA nhiiN| dUsare ke saMyoga se jo virodha kI pratIti banatI hai, vaha apekSA bheda se miTa jAtI hai| kisI bhI vastu me virodha taba lagane lagatA hai, jaba hama apekSA ko bhulAkara do vastutrI ko eka hI dRSTi se samajhane kI ceSTA karate haiN| samaya kI anubhUti kA tAratamya aura sAmaJjasya 'priya vastu ke samparka me varSa dina jaisA aura apriya vastu ke sAhacarya meM dina varSa jaisA lagatA hai, yaha anubhUti-sApekSa hai| sukha-duHkha kA samAna samaya kAla-svarUpa kI apekSA samAna vItatA hai kintu anubhUti kI apekSA usame tAratamya hotA hai| anubhUti ke tAratamya kA hetu hai-sukha aura duHkha kA sNyog| isa apekSA se samAna kAla kA tAratamya satya hai| kAlagati kI apekSA tulyakAla tulyaavadhi meM hI pUrA hotA hai-yaha satya hai| upanipada meM brahma ko aNu se aNu aura mahat se mahat kahA gayA hai| vaha sat mI hai aura asat bhii| usase na koI para hai aura na koI apara, na koI choTA hai aura na koI bar3A / . apekSA ke vinA mahAkavi kAlidAsa kI nimna prakArokti satya nahIM vanatI-"priyA ke pAsa rahate hue dina aNu se aNu lagatA hai aura usake viyoga meM bar3e se bhI bar3A 12 / " prasiddha gaNitajJa AinsTIna kI patnI ne unase pUchA-apekSAvAda kyA hai? AinsTIna ne uttara me kahA-"sundara lar3akI ke sAtha bAtacIta karane vAle vyakti ko eka ghaNTA eka-minaTa ke varAvara lagatA hai aura vahI garma sTaoNva ke

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5] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA ke pAsa baiThatA hai taba use eka minaTa bhI eka ghaNTA jitanA lambA lagatA haiyaha hai apekSAvAda viveka aura samanvaya-dRSTi * amuka kartavya hai yA akartavya ? acchA hai yA burA ? upayogI hai yA anupayogI 1 ye prazna haiN| inakA viveka apekSA-dRSTi ke binA ho nahIM sktaa| amuka deza, kAla aura vastu kI apekSA jo kartavya hotA hai; vahI minna deza, kAla aura vastu kI apekSA akartavya bana jAtA hai| nirapekSa dRSTi se koI padArtha acchA-burA, upayogI anupayogI nahI bntaa| kisI eka apekSA se hI hama kisI padArtha ko upayogI yA anupayogI kaha sakate haiN| yadi hamArI dRSTi meM koI vizeSa apekSA na ho to hama kisI vastu ke lie kucha vizeSa vAta nahIM kaha skte| dhanasaMgraha kI apekSA se vastuoM ko durlabha karanA acchA hai kintu naitikatA kI dRSTi se acchA nahIM hai| sannipAta meM dUdha mizrI pInA burA hai kintu svsthaa| dazA meM vaha burA nahIM hotaa| zItakAla meM garma koTa upayogI hotA hai, vaha garmI meM nahIM hotaa| garmI meM ThaMDAI upayogI hotI hai, vaha sadI meM nahIM hotii| zAntikAla meM eka rASTra kA dUsare rASTra ke prati jo kartavya hotA hai, vaha yuddhakAla meM nahIM hotaa| samAja kI apekSA se vivAha kartavya hai kintu Atma-sAdhanA kI apekSA vaha kartavya nahIM hotaa| koI kArya, eka deza, eka kAla, eka sthiti meM eka apekSA se kartavya aura akartavya nahI banatA vaise hI eka kArya sava dRSTiyo se kartavya yA akartavya bane, aisA bhI nahIM hotaa| (kArya kA kartavya aura akartavya bhAva bhinna-bhinna apekSAo se parakhA jaaeN| tabhI sasameM sAmaJcasya AsakatA hai| eka gRhastha ke lie kaThinAI ke samaya bhikSA jIvana-nirvAha kI dRSTi se, upayogI ho sakatI hai kintu vaisA karanA acchA nahI / yoga-vidyA kA abhyAsa mAnasika sthiratA kI dRSTi se acchA hai kintu jIvikA kamAne ke lie upayogI nahIM hai| bhikSya aura amakSya, khAdya aura akhAdya, grAhya aura agrAhya kA viveka mI/ sApena hotA hai| AyurvedazAstra meM Rtu-zrAdeza ke anumAra padhya aura apathya

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [139 kA vizada vivecana aura anupAna ke dvArA prakRti-parivartana kA jo mahAn siddhAnta milatA hai, vaha bhI kAla aura vastuyoga kI apekSA kA AbhArI hai|) rAjanItikavAda aura apekSASTi rAjanIti ke kSetra meM aneka vAda calate haiN| ekatantra paddhati dRr3ha zAsana kI apekSA nirdIpa hai, vaha zAsaka kI svecchAcAritA kI apekSA nirdoSa nahI mAnI jA sktii| janatantra meM svecchAcAritA kA pratikAra hai, parantu vahA~ dRDha zAsana kA amAva hotA hai, isa apekSA se vaha truTipUrNa mAnA jAtA hai| ___sAmyavAda jIvana yApana kI paddhati ko sugama banAtA hai, yaha usakA ujjvala pakSa hai to dUsarI ora vyakti yantra banakara calatA hai, vANI aura vicAra svAtantrya kI apekSA se vaha rucigamya nahI bntaa| rASTra-hita kI apekSA se jahaoNrASTrIyatA acchI mAnI jAtI hai kintu dUsare rASTroM ke prati ghRNA yA nyUnatA utpanna karane kI apekSA se vaha acchI nahIM hotii| yahI bAta jAti, samAja aura vyaktitva ke lie hai| puNya-pApa, dharma-adharma, sadAcAra-asadAcAra, ahiMsA-hiMsA, nyAya-anyAya yaha saba sApekSa hote haiN| eka kI apekSA jo puNya yA dharma hotA hai, vahI dUsare kI apekSA pApa yA adharma bana jAtA hai| pUMjIvAdI-artha vyavasthA kI apekSA bhikhArI ko dAna denA puNya yA dharma mAnA jAtA hai kintu sAmyavAdI-arthavyavasthA kI dRSTi se bhikhArI ko denA puNya yA dharma nahIM mAnA jaataa| lokavyavasthA kI dRSTi se vivAha sadAcAra mAnA jAtA hai kintu Atma-sAdhanA kI apekSA vaha sadAcAra nahIM hai| usakI dRSTi meM sadAcAra hai-pUrNa brhmcry| dUsare zabdoM meM yUM kaha sakate haiM, samAja vyavasthA kI dRSTi se sahavAsa ke upayogI sabhI vyAvahArika niyama puNya, dharma yA sadAcAra mAne jAte haiM kintu mokSasAdhanA kI dRSTi se aisA nahI hai| usakI apekSA meM dharma, sadAcAra yA puNya kArya vahI hai, jo ahiMmAtsaka hai| samAja kI dRSTi se vyApAra, khetI, zilpakArI Adi alpa hiMsA yA anivArya hiMsA ko ahiMsA mAnA jAtA hai vinda Atma-dharma kI Ta se yaha ahiMsA nahIM hai 14 / daNDa-vidhAna kI apekSA se aparAdhI ko aparAdha ke anu

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140 jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA rUpa daNDa denA nyAya mAnA jAtA hai kintu adhyAtma kI apekSA se vaha nyAya nahIM hai / vaha dUsare vyakti ko daNDa dene ke adhikAra ko svIkAra nahIM krtaa| pI hI apane antaHkaraNa se pApa kA prAyazcitta kara sakatA hai| pravRtti aura nivRtti pravRtti aura nivRtti-ye donoM AtmAzrita dharma haiN| parApekSa pravRtti aura nivRtti vaibhAvika hotI haiM aura sApekSa pravRtti aura nivRtti svAbhAvika / AtmA kI karaNa-vIrya yA zarIra-yoga sahakRta jitanI pravRtti hotI hai, vaha vaimAvika hotI hai | eka kriyAkAla meM dUsarI kriyA kI nivRtti hotI hai, yaha mvAbhAvika nivRtti nahIM hai| svAbhAvika nivRtti hai AtmA kI vibhAva se mukti-saMyama | sahaja pravRtti hai AtmA kI pudgala-nirapekSa kriyA (cit aura Ananda kA sahaja upyog)| zuddha AtmA me pravRtti aura nivRtti donoM sahaja hotI haiN| padArtha ke jo sahaja dharma haiM unameM acchAI-burAI, heya-upAdeya kA prazna hI nahIM bntaa| yaha prazna parapadArtha se prabhAvita dharmoM ke lie hotA hai| baddha AtmA kI pravRtti parapadArtha se prabhAvita bhI hotI hai, taba prazna hotA hai "pravRtti kaisI hai"-acchI hai yA burI ? heya hai yA upAdeya ? nivRtti kaisI hai-apravRttirUpa yA viratirUpa ? apekSAdRSTi ke vinA inakA samAdhAna nahIM miltaa| ___ sahaja pravRtti aura sahaja nivRtti na heya hai aura na upaadey| vaha AtmA kA svarUpa hai| svarUpa na chUTatA hai aura na bAhara se AtA hai| isalie vaha heya aura upAdeya kaise bane ? vaibhAvika pravRtti do prakAra kI hotI hai saMyamaprerita aura asaMyama-prerita / saMyama-prerita pravRtti AtmA ko saMyama kI ora agrasara karatI hai, isalie vaha sAdhana kI apekSA upAdeya vanaMtI hai, vaha bhI sarvAMza me mokSa dRSTi kI apekSA / loka-dRSTi sarvAMza meM use samarthana na bhI de / 1. asaMyama prerita pravRtti AtmA ko bandhana kI ora le jAtI hai, isalie mokSa kI apekSA vaha upAdeya nahIM hai / loka dRSTi ko isakI upAdeyatA svIkArya hai| saMyama-prerita pravRtti zuddhi kA pakSa hai, isalie use loka dRSTi kA bahulAza meM samarthana milatA hai kintu asaMyama-prerita pravRtti mokSa-siddhi kA pakSa nahIM hai, isalie use mokSa-dRSTi kA ekAMza meM bhI samarthana nahIM miltaa|

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [141 saMyama prerita pravRtti vaibhAvika isalie hai ki vaha zarIra, vANI aura mana, jo AtmA ke svabhAva nahI, vibhAva haiM, ke sahAre hotI hai| sAdhaka-dazA,samAsa hote hI yaha sthiti samApta ho jAtI hai, yA yUM kahie zarIra, vANI aura mana ke sahAre hone vAlI saMyama prerita pravRtti miTate hI sAdhya mila jAtA hai| yaha apUrNa se pUrNa kI ora gati hai / pUrNatA ke kSetra meM inakA kArya mamAsa ho jAnA hai| asaMyama kA artha hai-rAga, dveSa aura moha kI pariNati / jahA~ rAga, dvaipa aura moha kI pariNati nahI, vahA~ saMyama hotA hai| nivRtti kA artha sirpha 'niSedha' yA nahI karanA hI nahIM hai| 'nahI karanA-yaha pravRtti kI nivRtti hai kintu pravRtti karane kI jo Antarika vRtti (avirati) hai, usakI nivRtti nahIM hai| kriyA ke do pakSa hote haiM-avirati aura pravRti 151 avirati usakA antaraMga pakSa hai, jise zAstrIya paribhASA meM atyAga yA asaMyama kahA jAtA hai| pravRtti usakA bAharI yA sthUla rUpa hai| yaha yogAtmaka kriyA yAni zarIra, bhASA aura mana ke dvArA hone vAlI pravRtti hai| jo pravRtti avirati-prerita hotI hai (jahA~ avirati aura pravRtti dono sayukta hotI haiM ) vahA~ nivRtti kA prazna hI nahI uThatA aura jahA~ avirati hotI hai, pravRtti nahIM hotI vahA~ pravRtti kI apekSA (mAnasika, vAcika, kAyika karma kI apekSA) nivRtti hotI hai| aura jahA~ avirati nahI hotI kevala pravRtti hotI hai, vahA~ avirati kI apekSA nivRtti aura mana, mApA aura zarIra kI apekSA pravRtti hotI hai / apUrNa dazA meM pUrNa nivRtti hotI nahI / avirati-nivRttipUrvaka jo pravRtti hotI hai, vahA~ nivRtti saMyama hai / avirati ke bhAva meM sthUla pravRtti kI nivRtti hotI hai, vahA~ pravRtti nahIM hotI, usase asaMyama ko poSaNa nahI milatA kintu . mUlataH asayama kA abhAva nahI, isalie vaha (nivRtti) saMyama nahI banatI / zraddhA aura tarka ati zraddhAvAda aura ati tarkavAda-ye dono mithyA haiM / pratyeka tattva kI yathArthatA apane-apane kSetra meM hotI hai| inakI bhI apanI-apanI maryAdAeM haiN| bhAva do prakAra ke haiM :(1) hetu gmy| (2) ahetu gamya

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142] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA hetugamya tarka kA viSaya hai aura ahetugamya zraddhA kA tarka kA kSetra sImita 1 yaha bAta satyAnveSaka hai / indriya pratyakSa jo hai, vahI carama yA pUrNa satya hai, nahIM mAnatA / eka vyakti ko apane jIvana meM jo svayaM jJAta hotA hai, vaha utanA hI nahIM jAnatA, usase atirikta bhI jAnatA hai / atIndriya artha tarka Taranatda tarka ke dvArA atIndriya padArtha jAne jA sakate to Aja taka unakA nizcaya ho gayA hotA 17 | tarka ke lie jo agamya thA, vaha Aja vijJAna ke prayogoM dvArA gamya bana gayA / phira bhI saba kucha gamya ho gayA, yaha nahI kahA jA sktaa| eka samasyA kA samAdhAna hota hai to usake sAtha-sAtha aneka naI samasyAeM janma le letI hai| Aja se sau varSa Copy pUrva vaijJAnikoM ke sAmane zakti ke sroto ko pAne kI samasyA thI / usakA samAdhAna ho gyaa| naI samasyA yaha hai ki unakA mitavyaya kaise kiyA jAe 2/ yahI bAta agamya kI hai / agamya jitane aMzo meM gamya banatA hai, usase kahIM adhika agamya Age A khar3A hotA hai / indriya aura mana se pare bhI jJAna hai, yaha zuddha tarka ke AdhAra para nahI samajhA jA sakatA kintu jaba A~kheM mUMdakara yA A~kho para sane ATe kI moTI paTTI yA loha kI ghanI caddara lagA pustakeM par3hI jAtI haiM, taba tarkavAda ThiThura jAtA hai| isIlie adhyAtmayogI AcArya haribhadra kahate haiM- " zuSka tarka kA Agraha mithyA abhimAna lAtA hai, isalie mumukSu vaisA Agraha na rakhe 18) " zuSka tarka vaha hai jo apanI sImA se bAhara cale, atIndriya jJAna kA sahArA lie binA atIndriya padArtha kA nirAkaraNa kre| . turka ke binA korI zraddhA andha vizvAsa utpanna karatI hai| zraddhA kI bhI sImA hai / vItarAga kI vANI hI zraddhA kA kSetra hai / vItarAgatA svaya eka samasyA hai| rAga dveSa - hIna manovRtti meM Agraha- hInatA hogI / Agraha - hIna vyakti mithyAbhimAna yA mithyA prakAzana nahIM karatA, isalie zraddhA kA kendra bindu vItarAgatA hI hai| Agraha - hInatA hone para bhI ajJAna ho sakatA hai / ajJAna se satya kA prakAza nahI mila sakatA / satya kA prakAza tara mile, jaba graha na ho aura jJAna ho / zraddhA kA tarka para aura tarka kA zraddhA para niya mana rahatA hai, tatra dono mithyAvAda se baca jAte hai /

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsA 143 - zraddhA aura tarka paraspara sApekSa haiM, yahI naya rahasya hai| isa prakAra padArtha kA pratyeka pahalU apekSApUrvaka samajhA jAe to durAgraha kI gati sahaja zithila ho jAtI hai| samanvaya ke do stambha samanvaya phevala vAstavika dRSTi se hI nahIM kiyA jaataa| nizcaya aura vyavahAra donI usake stambha banate haiN| vyavahAra vastu zarIragata satya hotA hai aura nizcaya vastu Atmagata satya | ye dono milakara satya ko pUrNa banAte haiN| (nizcaya naya vastu sthiti jAnane ke lie hai| vyavahAra naya vastu ke sthUla rUpa meM hone vAlI Agraha-buddhi ko miTAtA hai / ) vastu ke sthUlarUpa, jo indriya-pratyakSa hotA hai, ko hI antima satya mAnakara na calaM, yahI samanvaya kI dRSTi hai| padArtha eka rUpa meM pUrNa nahIM hotaa| vaha svarUpa se sattAtmaka pararUpa se asattAtmaka hokara pUrNa hotA hai| kevala sattAtmaka yA kevala asattAtmaka rUpa meM koI padArtha pUrNa nahIM hotaa| sarvasattAtmaka yA sarva-a-sattAtmaka jaisA koI padArtha hai hI nahIM / padArtha kI yaha sthiti hai, taba naya nirapekSa banakara usakA pratipAdana kaise kara sakate haiM ? isakA artha yaha nahIM hotA ki naya hame pUrNa satya taka le nahI jaate| ve le jAte avazya haiM kintu saba milakara eka naya pUrNa satya kA eka arA hotA hai| vaha anya naya sApekSa rahakara satyAMza kA pratipAdaka vanatA hai| naya yA savAda eka dharma kA sApekSa pratipAdana karane vAlA naya vaaky-sdvaad| 2-raka dharma kA nirapekSa pratipAdana karane vAlA vAkya-durnaya / anuyoga dvAra meM cAra pramANa vatalAe haiM - (1) dravya-pramANa / (2) kSetra pramANa / (3) kaal-prmaann| (4) bhAva-pramANa / bhAva-pramANa ke tIna bheda hote haiM :(1) guNa-pramANa /

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988 - jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA ..(sa-naya-pramANa ! . . . . .. . ... (3) sNkhyaa-prmaann| eka dharma kA jJAna aura eka dharma kA vAcaka zabda, ye dono naya) kahalAte haiM 191 jJAnAtmaka naya ko 'naya' aura vacanAtmaka naya ko 'nayavAkya' yA 'sadvAda' kahA jAtA hai| . naya-jJAna vizleSaNAtmaka hotA hai, isalie yaha mAnasika hI hotA hai, aindriyika nahI hotA / naya se ananta dharmaka vastu ke eka dharma kA bodha hotA hai| isase jo bodha hotA hai, vaha yathArtha hotA hai, isalie yaha pramANa hai kintu isase akhaeDa vastu nahIM jAnI jaanii| isalie yaha pUrNa pramANa nahIM bntaa| yaha eka samasyA bana jAtI hai| dArzanika AcAryoM ne ise yUM sulajhAyA ki akhaNDa vastu ke nizcaya kI apekSA nayA pramANa nahIM hai / vaha vastu-khaNDa ko yathArtha rUpa se grahaNa karatA hai, isalie apramANa bhI nahIM hai apramANa to hai hI nahI pUrNatA kI apekSA pramANa bhI nahIM hai, isalie ise pramANAMza kahanA caahie| abaNDavastumAhI yathArtha jJAna pramANa hotA hai, isa sthiti meM vastu ko khaNDazaH jAnane vAlA vicAra nayA pramANa kA cinha hai-'syAt naya kA cihna hai-'sat' / pramANavAkya ko syAvAda kahA jAtA hai aura naya vAkya ko sadavAda / vAstavika dRSTi se pramANa svArtha hotA hai aura naya svArya aura parArtha dono|)ek sAtha aneka dharma kahe nahIM jA sakate, isalie pramANa kA vAkya nahIM bntaa| vAkya bane binA parArya kaise bane ? pramANavAkya jo parArtha vanatA hai, usake do kAraNa haiM : (1) amedavRtti praadhaany| (2) amedopcaar| (vyArthika naya ke anusAra dharmoM meM ameda hotA hai aura paryAyArthika kI dRSTi se unameM bheda hone para bhI abhedopacAra kiyA jAtA hai | ina do nimitto se vastu ke ananta dharmoM ko abhinna mAnakara eka guNa kI mukhyatA se zakhaNDa vastu kA pratipAdana vivakSita ho, tava pramANavAkya banatA hai| yaha

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [145 sakalAdeza hai, isalie isameM vastu ko vibhakta karane vAle anya guNo kI vivakSA nahIM hotii| ___ vastu pratipAdana ke do prakAra hai-krama aura yogpdy| inake sivAya tIsarA mArga nhii| inakA AdhAra hai-bheda aura ameda kI vivkssaa| yogapadya-paddhati pramANavAkya hai | bheda kI vivakSA me eka-zabda eka kAla me eka dharma kA hI pratipAdana kara sakatA hai| yaha anupacArita paddhati hai| yaha krama kI maryAdA meM parivartana nahIM lA sakatI, isalie ise vikalAdeza kahA jAtA hai| vikalAdeza kA artha hai-niraMza vastu me guNa-bheda se aMza kI kalpanA krnaa| akhaNDa vastu me kAla Adi kI dRSTi se vibhinna aMzo kI kalpanA karanA asvAbhAvika nahIM hai| ___ vastu vizleSaNa kI prakriyA kA zrAdhAra yahI banatA hai| vizleSaNa kI aneka dRSTiyAM hai (1) vyavahAra-dRSTi (2) nizcaya-dRSTina - (3) raasaaynik-dRsstti|| (4) bhautika vijnyaan-dRsstti| (5) shbd-dRsstti| (6) artha-dRSTika aadi-aadi| vyavahAra dRSTi meM coTI kA zarIra tvaka, rasa, rakta jaise padArthoM se banA hotA hai, rAsAyanika vizlepaNa ina padArthoM ke bhItara sattvamUla (Protoplasm ) kaI prakAra ke amla aura kSAra, jala, namaka Adi batAtA hai| zuddha rAsAyanika dRSTi ke anusAra cIMTI kA zarIra Aijana (Orong ) nAiTrojana ( Nitrogen ), AksIjana (Oxygen ), gandhaka (Sulpher ) phAsaphorasa (Phosphorus) aura kArbana (Carbon ) ke paramANuoM kA samUha hai / bhautika vijJAnI se pahale to dhana aura aga vidyutkaNo kA puja aura phira zuddha vAyu tattva kA bheda batAtA hai|

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146] jaina darzana meM pramANa maumAMsA nizcaya-dRSTi meM vaha pAMca varNa, do gandha, pAMca rasa aura ATha sparza yukta audArika vargaNA ke pudgalI kA samudAya hai| (eka hI vastu ke ye jitane vizleSaNa haiM, utane hI unake hetu hai-apekSAeM haiN| inhe apanI apanI apekSA se dekheM to saba satya hai aura yadi nirapekSa vizleSaNa ko satya mAne to vaha phira durnaya bana jAtA hai| sApekSa naya meM virodha nahI AtA aura jyoM hI ye nirapekSa bana jAte haiM, tyo hI ye asatekAnta ke poSaka bana mithyA bana jAte haiN| ) __dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva, avasthA, vAtAvaraNa Adi ke sahAre vastusthiti ko sahI pakar3A jA sakatA hai, usakA maulika dRSTi-vindu yA hArda samajhA jA sakatA hai| dravya Adi se nirapekSa vastu ko samajhane kA prayatna ho to korA kalevara hAtha A jAtA hai kintu usakI sajIvatA nahI aatii| mArksa ne itihAsa ke vaijJAnika adhyayana ke AdhAra para samAja ke Arthika DhAMce kI jo chAnabIna kI aura niSkarSa nikAle, unhe Arthika pahalU kI apekSA mithyA kaise mAnA jAya ? kintu Arthika vyavasthA hI samAja ke lie saba kucha hai, yaha AtmazAnti-nirapekSadRSTi hai, isalie satya nahIM hai| zarIra ke bAharI AkAra-prakAra meM kramika parivartana hotA hai, isa dRSTi se DAravina ke krama-vikAsavAda ko mithyA nahIM mAnA jA sakatA kintu unane Antarika yogyatA kI apekSA rakhe binA kevala bAharI sthitiyo ko hI parivartana kA mukhya hetu mAnA, yaha saca nahIM hai| IsI prakAra yadRcchAvAdI yahacchA ko, AkasmikavAdI AkasmikatA ko, kAlavAdI kAla ko, svabhAvavAdI svabhAva ko, niyativAdI niyati ko, daivavAdI daiva ko aura puruSArthavAdI puruSArtha kohI kArya-siddhi kA kAraNa batalAte hai, yaha mithyAvAda hai| sApekSadRSTi se saba kArya siddhi ke prayojaka haiM aura saba saca hai / kAla vastu ke parivartana kA hetu hai, svabhAva vastu kA svarUpa yA vastutva hai, niyati vastu kA dhruva satya niyama hai, daiva vastu ke puruSArtha kA pariNAma hai, puruSArtha vastu kI kriyAzIlatA hai| puruSArtha taba ho, sakatA hai, java ki vastu meM parivartana kA svabhAva ho / svabhAva hone para bhI taba taka parivartana nahIM hotA, jaba taka usakA koI kAraNa

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [147 na mile| parivartana kA kAraNa bhI vizva ke zAzvatika niyama kI upekSA nahI kara sakatA aura parivartana kriyA kI pratikriyA ke rUpa me hI hogA, anyathA nhii| isa prakAra ye saba eka dUsare se sApekSa bana kArya-siddhi ke nimitta banate haiN| ___naya-dRSTi ke anusAra na deva ko sImAtireka mahattva diyA jA sakatA hai aura na puruSArtha ko| dono tulya haiN| (AtmA ke vyApAra se karma saMcaya hotA hai, vahI daiva yA bhAgya kahalAtA hai| puruSArtha ke dvArA hI karma kA saMcaya hotA hai aura usakA bhoga (vipAka ) bhI puruSArtha ke binA nahIM hotaa| atIta kA daiva vartamAna puruSArtha para prabhAva DAlatA hai aura vartamAna puruSArtha se bhaviSya ke karma saMcita hote haiN| palavAna puruSArtha saMcita karma ko parivartita kara sakatA hai aura balavAna karma puruSArtha ko bhI niSphala banA sakate haiN| saMsAronmukha dazA meM aisA calatA hI rahatA hai| Atma-viveka jagane para puruSArtha meM sat kI mAtrA bar3hatI hai, taba vaha karma ko pachAr3a detA hai aura pUrNa nirjarA dvArA AtmA ko usase mukti bhI dilA denA hai| isalie karma yA bhAgya ko hI saba kucha mAna jo puruSArtha kI avahelanA karate haiM, vaha durnaya hai aura jo vyakti atIta-puruSArtha ke pariNAma rUpa bhAgya ko svIkAra nahIM karate, vaha bhI dunaya hai / svArtha aura parArtha pAca jJAno meM cAra jJAna mUka hai aura zruta zAna amUka / 'jitanA vArNa vyavahAra hai, vaha sava zruta jJAna kA hai 21 / isake tIna bheda haiM : (1) syaadvaad-shrut| (2) naya-zruta 2 // (3) mithyA zruta yA durnaya shrut| zeSa cAra jJAna svArtha hI hote haiN| zruta svArtha aura parArtha donoM hotA hai; zAnAtmavazruta svArtha aura vacanAmavabhuta parArtha / naya vacanAtmka ta ke bheda haiM, isalie kahA gayA hai-"jitane bacanapatha hai, uThane ho naya hai 2317

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14] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA - - para pratIti ke lie anumAna yA pratyakSa kisI ke dvArA jJAta artha kahA jAe, vaha parArtha zruta hI hogaa| jenetara darzana kevala anumAna vacana ko hI parArtha mAnate haiN| AcArya -siddhasena ne pratyakSa vacana ko bhI parArtha mAnA hai / "dhUma hai, isalie ami hai"yaha batAnA jaise parArtha hai, vaise hI "dekha, yaha rAjA jA rahA hai" yaha bhI parArtha hai / pahalA anumAna vacana hai, dUsarA pratyakSa vacana / jahA~ vacana banatA -hai, vahA~ parArthatA apane Apa bana jAtI hai.| vacana-vyavahAra kA vargIkaraNa vacana-vyavahAra ke ananta mArga hai kintu unake varga ananta nahIM haiN| unake maulika varga do haiM : (1) bhed-prk| --- (2) abhed-prk| bheda aura ameda-ye dono padArtha ke bhinnAminna dharma haiN| na abheda se bheda sarvathA pRthak hotA hai aura na meda se ameda / nAnA rUpI meM vastu-sattA eka hai aura eka vastu-sattA ke nAnA rUpa haiN| tAtparya yaha hai ki jo vastu he, vaha sat hai aura jo sat nahIM, vaha avastu hai-kucha bhI nahIM hai| sat hai-- utpAda, vyaya aura prauvya kI mryaadaa| isakA atikramaNa kare, aisI koI vastu nahIM hai| isalie sat kI dRSTi se saba eka haiM-utpAda, vyaya-prauvyAtmaka hai| vizeSa dharmoM kI apekSA se eka nahIM hai| cetana aura acetana meM anaikya haimeda hai| cetana kI deza-kAla-kRta avasthAo meM bheda hai phira bhI cetanatA kI dRSTi se saba cetana eka haiN| yUM hI acetana ke lie smjhie| utpAda, vyaya aura prauvyAtmaka sattA pratyeka vastu kA svarUpa hai kintu vaha vastutrI kI utpAdaka yA niyAmaka sattA nahIM hai| vastu mAtra meM usakI upalabdhi hai, isIlie vaha eka hai / vastu-svarupa se atirikta dazA meM vyAsa hokara vaha eka nahIM hai| anekatA bhI eka sattA ke vizeSa svarUpa se udbhUta vividha rUpa vAlI nahIM hai| vaha sattAtmaka vizeSa svarUpavAlI vastuoM kI vividha avasthAoM se utpanna hotI hai, isIlie vastu kA svarUpa sarvathA eka yA aneka nahIM bntaa| naya-vAkya vastu pratipAdana kI paddhati hai| sattAtmaka

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsA 1989 akhaNDa vastu 'jagat' aura vizeSa svarUpAtmaka akhaNDa vastu 'dravya' vastuvRttyA avaktavya haiM / isalie naya ke dvArA kramika pratipAdana hotA hai / kabhI vaha sattAtmaka yA dravyAtmaka sAmAnyadharma kA pratipAdana karatA hai aura kabhI vizeSa svarUpAtmaka paryAya dharma kA / sAmAnya vizeSa dono pRthak hote nahIM, isalie sAmAnya kI vivakSA mukhya hone para vizeSa aura vizeSa kI vivakSA mukhya hone para sAmAnya gauNa bana jAte hai| dekhie - jAgatika vyavasthA kI kitanI sAmaJjasyapUrNa sthiti hai / isameM sabako avasara milatA hai| dono pradhAna rahe, yaha virodha kI sthiti hai / donoM apradhAna bana jAe, taba kAma nahIM banatA / avirodha kI sthiti yaha hai ki eka dUsare ko avasara de, dUsare kI mukhyatA me sahiSNa bane / neyabAda isI prakriyA me saphala huA hai| 1 nayavAda kI pRSThabhUmi vibhinna vicAroM ke saMgharSaNa se sphuliGga banate haiM, jyotipula se vilaga ho nabha ko chUte hai, kSaNa meM lIna ho jAte haiM - yaha ekAMgI dRSTi-bindu kA citra hai / naya ekAMgI dRSTi hai| kintu jyotipuJja se pRthak jA par3ane vAlA sphuliGga nahI / vaha samagra meM vyApta rahakara eka kA grahaNa yA nirUpaNa karatA hai / 2. bauddha kahate haiM---rUpa Adi avasthA hI vastu - dravya hai / rUpa Adi se bhinna sajAtIya kSaNa paramparA se atirikta dravya - vastu nahIM hai" 5 / vedAnta kA abhimata hai - yahI vastu hai, rUpa Adi guNa tAvika nahIM haiM " / bauddha kI dRSTi meM guNoM kA AdhAra-dravya tAvika nahIM, isalie, bheda satya hai / vedAnta kI dRSTi meM dravya ke Adheya guNa tAttvika nahIM, isalie zrameda satya hai / pramANa siddha abheda kA lopa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, isalie bauddhoM ko satya ke do rUpa mAnane par3e- (1) saMvRtti (2) paramArtha / bheda kI dizA me vedAnta kI bhI yahI sthiti hai / usake anusAra jagat yA prapaMca prAtItika satya hai aura brahma vAstavika satya / bheda aura meda ke dvandva kA yaha eka nidarzana hai| yahI nayavAda kI pRSThabhUmi hai - nayavAda abheda aura bheda- ina do vastu dharmoM para TikA huA hai| isake anumAra vastu abheda aura bheda kI samaSTi hai| isalie ameTa bhI satya hai

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150] jaina darzana meM pramANa mAmAsA aura bheda bhii| abheda se bheda aura bheda se abheda sarvathA bhinna nahIM hai, isalie yUM kahanA hogA ki svatantra abheda bhI satya nahIM hai, svatantra bheda bhI satya nahIM hai kintu sApekSa abheda aura bheda kA saMvalita rUpa satya hai| AdhAra mI satya hai, Adheya bhI satya hai, dravya bhI satya hai, paryAya bhI satya hai, jagat bhI satya hai, brahma bhI satya hai, vibhAva bhI satya hai, svabhAva bhI satya hai| jo trikAla avAdhita hai, vaha saba satya hai| . ___ satya ke do rUpa haiM, isalie parakhane kI do dRSTiyAM haiM-(1) dravya-dRSTi (2) paryAya-dRSTi / satya ke dono spa sApekSa haiM, isalie ye bhI sApekSa haiN| dravya dRSTi kA artha hogA dravya pradhAna dRSTi aura paryAya dRSTi kA artha paryAya pradhAna dRSTi / dravya-dRSTi meM paryAya dRSTi kA gauNa rUpa aura paryAya-dRSTi meM dravya-dRSTi kA gauNa rUpa antarhita hogaa| dravya-dRSTi ameda kA svIkAra hai aura paryAya dRSTi meda kaa| dono kI sApekSatA bhedAbhedAtmaka satya kA svIkAra hai| abheda aura bheda kA vicAra AdhyAtmika aura vastuvijJAna-ina do dRSTiyoM se kiyA jAtA hai / jaise: sAMkhya-prakRti puruSa kA viveka-bheda jJAna karanA samyag-darzana, inakA ekatva mAnanA mithyA drshn| ( vedAnta-prapaMca aura brahma ko eka mAnanA samyag darzana, eka tattva ko nAnA samajhanA mithyA drshn| jaina-cetana aura acetana ko minna mAnanA samyag darzana, inako abhinna mAnanA mithyA drshn| meda-ameda kA yaha vicAra AdhyAtmika dRSTiparaka hai| vastu vijJAna kI dRSTi se vastu ubhayAtmaka (dravya-paryAyAtmaka ) hai| isake AdhAra para do dRSTiyAM banatI haiM: (1) nizcaya / / (2) vyavahAra / nizcaya dRSTi dravyAzrayI yA amedAzrayI hai| vyavahAra dRSTi paryAyAzrayI . yA bhedAzrayI hai|

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [ 5 vedAnta aura bauddha sammata vyavahAra- dRSTi se jaina sammata vyavahAra-dRSTi kA nAma sAmya hai kintu svarUpa sAmya nahIM / vedAnta vyavahAra, mAyA yA zravidyA ko aura bauddha saMvRtti ko avAstavika mAnatA hai kintu jaina dRSTi ke anusAra vaha avAstavika nahIM hai / naigama, saMgraha aura vyavahAra - ye tIna nizcaya dRSTiyA~ Morgan haiM; Rtu sUtra, zabda, samamirUr3ha aura evambhUtaye cAra vyavahAra dRSTiyA~ 27| vyavahAra aura nizcaya -- ye do dRSTiyAM prakArAntara se bhI milatI hai / Q vyavahAra---sthUla paryAya kA svIkAra, loka sammata tathya kA svIkAra / Q nizcaya - vastusthiti kA svIkAra / pahalI meM indriyagamya tathya kA svIkAra hai, dUsarI meM prajJAgamya satya kA / vyavahAra tarkavAda hai aura nizcaya antarAtmA se udbhUta hone vAlA anubhava kI dRSTi meM satya cArvAka kI dRSTi meM satya indriyagamya hai aura vedAnta zratIndriya hai 29 | jaina-dRSTi ke anusAra dono satya haiN| nizcaya vastu ke sUkSma aura pUrNa svarUpa kA agIkAra hai aura vyavahAra usake sthUla aura apUrNa svarUpa kA aMgIkAra / mAtrA bheda hone para bhI dono me satya kA hI agIkAra hai, isalie eka ko avAstavika aura dUsare ko vAstavika nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / suNDakopaniSad ( 1|4|5 ) me vidyA ke do bheda hai-- aparA aura parA pahalI kA viSaya veda jJAna aura dUsarI kA zAzvata brahma jJAna hai / inhe tArkika aura Anubhavika jJAna ke do rUpa meM vyavahAra aura nizcaya na kahA jA sakatA hai / vyavahAra-STi se jIva sarvaNa hai aura nizcaya dRSTi se vaha varNa 30| jIva amUrta hai, isalie vaha vastutaH varNayukta nahIM hotA - yaha vAstavika matya hai| zarIradhArI jIva kathaMcit mUrta hotA hai- zarIra mUrta hotA hai| jIva usase kathacit abhinna hai, isalie vaha bhI savarNa hai, yaha aupacArika satya hai / . eka bhaurA, jo kAlA dIkha rahA hai, vaha sapheda bhI hai, harA bhI hai auraaura raMga bhI usame haiM - yaha pUrNa tathyokti hai| open "bhaurA kAlA hai" --- yaha satya kA eka dezIya svIkAra hai /

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152] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA ina prakArAntara se nirUpita vyavahAra aura nizcaya dRSTiyo kA AdhAra nayavAda kI AdhAra-bhitti se bhinna hai| usakA AdhAra abheda-bhedAtmaka vastu hI hai| isake anusAra naya eka hI hai-"dravya paryAyAthika / vastu-svarUpa bhedAbhedAtmaka hai, taba naya dvanya-paryAyAtmaka hI hogaa| naya sApekSa hotA hai, isalie isake do rUpa bana jAte hai| (1) jahA~ payArya gauNa aura dravya mukhya hotA hai, vaha drvyaarthik| (2) jahA~ dravya gauNa tathA payArya mukhya hotA hai, vaha paryAyArthikA/ vastu ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa rUpa kI apekSA se naya ke dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika-ye do bheda kie, vaise hI isake do bheda aura vanate haiM : (1) shbdny|| (2) arthny| jJAna do prakAra kA hotA hai-zabdAzrayI aura arthaashryii| upayogAtmaka yA vicArAtmaka naya , arthAzrita , ora pratipAdanAtmaka naya Agama yA zAbda jJAna kA kAraNa hotA hai, isalie zrotA kI apekSA vaha zabdAzrita honA cAhie kintu yahA~ yaha apekSA nahIM hai| yahA~ vAcya meM vAcakra kI pravRtti ko gauNa-mukhya mAnakara vicAra kiyA gayA hai| arthanaya me artha kI mukhyatA hai aura usake vAcaka kI gaunntaa| zabdanaya meM zabda-prayoga ke anusAra artha kA bodha hotA hai, isalie yahA~ zabda mukhya zApaka banatA hai, artha gauNa raha jAtA hai| (vAstavika dRSTi ko mukhya mAnane vAlA abhiprAya nizcaya naya kahalAtA hai| (alaukika dRSTi ko mukhya mAnane vAlA abhiprAya vyavahAra naya kahalAtA hai| sAta naya nizcaya naya ke bheda hai| vyavahAra naya ko upanaya bhI kahA jAtA hai| vyavahAra upacarita hai| acchA meha barasatA hai, taba kahA jAtA hai "anAja varasa rahA hai| yahA~ kAraNa meM kArya kA upacAra hai| meha to anAja kA kAraNa hai, use apekSAvaza dhAnyotpAdaka dRSTi kI anukUlatA batAne ke lie anAja samajhA yA kahA jAe, yaha ucita hai kintu use anAja

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jaina darzana meM pramANa momAsA [153 rahI samajha liyA jAe, vaha sahI dRSTi nhiiN| vyavahAra kI bAta ko nizcaya kI dRSTi se dekhA jAe, vahA~ vaha mithyA bana jAtI hai| apanI maryAdA meM yaha satya hai| sAta naya meM jo vyavahAra hai, usakA artha upacAra yA sthUladRSTi nahIM hai| usakA artha hai-vimAga yA bheda / isalie ina dono meM zabda-sAmya hone para bhI artha-sAmya nahIM hai| (3) jJAna ko mukhya mAnane vAlA abhiprAya jJAna naya kahalAtA hai| (4) kriyA ko mukhya mAnane vAlA abhiprAya kriyAnaya kahalatA hai aadi-aadi| isa prakAra aneka, asaMkhya yA ananta apekSAe~ banatI haiN| vastu ke jitane sahamAvI aura kramamAvI, sApekSa aura parApekSa dharma hai, utanI hI apekSAeM haiN| apekSAeM spaSTa bodha ke lie hotI haiN| jo spaSTa bodha hogA, vaha sApekSa hI hogA) satya kA vyAkhyAdvAra satya kA sAkSAt hone ke pUrva satya kI vyAkhyA honI caahie| eka satya ke aneka rUpa hote hai ( aneka rUpo kI ekatA aura eka kI aneka rUpatA hI satya hai| usakI vyAkhyA kA jo sAdhana hai, vahI naya hai| satya eka aura aneka-bhAva kA avibhakta rUpa hai, isalie usakI vyAkhyA karane vAle naya bhI paraspara-sApekSa hai| / satya apane Apame pUrNa hotA hai / na to anekatA-nirapekSa ekatA satya hai aura na ekatA-nirapekSa anektaa| ekatA aura anekatA kA samanvita rUpa hI - pUrNa satya hai| satya kI vyAkhyA vastu, kSetra, kAla aura avasthA kI apekSA se hotI hai| eka ke lie jo guru hai, vahI dUsare ke lie laghu, eka ke lie jo dUra hai, vahI dUsare ke lie nikaTa, eka ke lie jo Urdhva hai, vahI dUsare ke lie nimna, eka ke lie jo sarala hai, vahI dUsare ke lie vakra / apekSA ke vinA inakI vyAkhyA nahIM ho sktii| guru aura laghu kyA hai ? dura aura nikaTa kyA hai ? Urdhva aura nimna kyA hai ? sarala aura vakra kyA hai ? -vastu, kSetra Adi kI nirapekSa sthiti me inakA uttara nahIM diyA jA sktaa| yaha sthiti padArtha kA apane se bAhya jagat ke sAtha mamvandha hone para vanatI hai kintu usakI

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154] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA vAha-jagat-nirapekSa apanI sthiti bhI apekSA se mukta nahIM hai| kAraNa ki padArtha ananta gugo kA sahaja sAmaJcasya hai / usake sabhI guNa, dharma yA kiyA apekSA kI zRGkhalA meM gUMthe hue haiN| eka guNa kI apekSA padArya kA jo svarUpa hai, vaha usakI apekSA se hai, dUsare kI apekSA se nhiiN| cetana padArtha caitanya guNa kI apekSA se cetana hai kintu usake sahabhAvI astitva, vastuna Adi guNoM kI apekSA se cetana padArtha kI cetanazIlatA nahIM hai| ananta zaktiyo aura unake ananta kArya yA pariNAmo kI jo eka saMkalanA. samanvaya yA zRMkhalA hai vahI padArtha hai| isalie vividha zaktiyoM aura tajjanita vividha pariNAmo kA avirodhamAva sApekSa sthiti meM hI ho sakatA hai| naya kA uddezya "savvesi piNayANaM, bahuviha vatavvayaM nnisaamittaa| taM savvaNayavisuddha, jaM caraNaguNaSTinI sAhU // " bhadrabAhu Avazyaka niyukti 1055 caraNa guNa-sthiti parama mAdhyasthyarUpa hai| vaha rAga-dvepa kA vilaya hone se milatI hai| niva kA uddezya hai-mAdhyasthya bar3he, manuSya vicArU sahiSNu bane, (mAnAprakAra ke virodhI lagane vAle vicAroM meM samanvaya karane kI yogyatA vikasita ho / koI bhI vyakti sadA padArtha ko eka hI dRSTi se nahIM dekhtaa| deza, kAla aura sthitiyoM kA parivana hone para darzaka kI dRSTi meM bhI parivartana hotA hai| yahI sthiti nirUpaNa kI hai| batA kA mukAva padArtha kI ora hogA vo usakI vANI kA zrAkapaNa bhI usI kI ora hogaa| yahI bAta padArtha kI avasthA ke viSaya meM hai| sunane vAle ko vaktA kI vivakSA samajhanI hogii| use samajhane ke lie usake pAripAzvika vAtAvaraNa, dravya, kSetra, kAla ra bhAva ko samajhanA hogaa| vivakSA ke pAMca rUpa banate haiM(1) dravya kI vivakSA-dUdha meM hI miThAsa aura spa Adi hote haiN| (2) paryAya kI vivakSA. miThAsa aura rUpa Adi hI dUdha hai| (3) dravya ke astitva mAtra kI vivakSAdha hai| (4) paryAya ke astitva mAtra kI vivakSA...miThAsa hai pa Adi hai|

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsA 155 (5) dharma-dharmi-sambandha kI vivakSA...dUdha kA miThAsa, rUpa aadi| . inake vargIkaraNa se do dRSTiyAM banatI haiM:(1) dravya pradhAna yA abheda-pradhAna / (2) paryAya pradhAna yA bheda-pradhAna / traya kA rahasya yaha hai ki hama dUsare vyakti ke vicAroM ko usI ke abhiprAyAnukUla samajhane kA yatna kre| naya kA svarUpa kathanIya vastu do haiM:(1) pdaarth-drvy| (2) padArtha kI avasthAeM -paryAya / abhiprAya vyakta karane ke sAdhana do hai :(1) artha (2) zabda / artha ke prakAra do haiM:(1) sAmAnya (2) vizeSa / zabda kI pravRtti ke hetu do haiM :(1) ruuddhi| (2) vyutpatti vyutpatti prayoga ke kAraNa do haiM:(1) sAmAnya nimitt| 2) tatkAlamAvI nimitta / negama-sAmAnya-vizeSa ke saMyukta rUpa kA nirUpaNa jaisama naya hai / (2) saMgraha- kevala sAmAnya kA nirUpaNa saMgraha naya hai| (3) vyavahAra kevala vizeSa kA nirUpaNa vyavahAra naya hai| (1) jusUtra-caNavatoM vizeSa kA nirupaNa jusUtra naya hai| (5)zabda-rUr3hi se hone vAlI zabda kI pravRtti kA abhiprAya-zabda naya hai|

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156] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA (6) samabhirUDha vyutpatti se hone vAlI zabda kI pravRtti kA abhiprAya samamirUr3ha naya hai| (7) evambhUta-pAtamAnika yA tatkAlabhAvI vyutpatti se hone vAlI zabda kI pravRtti kA abhiprAya evambhuta naya hai| isa prakAra sAta nayoM meM zAbdika aura Arthika, vAstavika aura vyAvahArika drAvyika aura pAryAyika, sabhI prakAra ke abhiprAya saMgrahIta ho jAte hai, isalie pratyeka naya kA vizada rUpa samajhanA Avazyaka hai| naigama tAdAtmya kI apekSA se hI sAmAnya-vizeSa kI bhinnatA kA samarthana kiyA jAtA hai| yaha dRSTi naigamanaya hai| yaha ubhayanAhI dRSTi hai| sAmAnya aura vizeSa, dono isake viSaya hai| isase sAmAnya-vizeSAtmaka vastu ke eka deza kA bodha hotA hai| sAmAnya aura vizeSa svatantra padArtha hai--isa kaNAdadRSTi ko jaina darzana svIkAra nahIM krtaa| kAraNa, sAmAnya rahita vizeSa aura vizeSa rahita sAmAnya kI kahIM bhI pratIti nahIM hotii| ye dono padArtha ke dharma hai / eka padArtha kI dusare padArtha, deza aura kAla meM jo anuvRtti hotI hai, vaha sAmAnya-aMza hai aura jo vyAvRtti hotI hai, vaha vizeSa ash| kevala anuvRtti rUpa yA kevala byAvRtti-rUpa koI padArtha nahIM hotaa| jisa padArtha kI jisa samaya dUsaroM se anuvRtti milatI hai, usakI usI samaya dUsaroM se vyAvRtti bhI milatI hai| sAmAnya-vizeSAtmaka padArtha kA jJAna pramANa se ho sakatA hai| akhaNDa vastu pramANa kA viSaya hai| naya kA viSaya usakA ekAMza hai| naigama naya bodha karAne ke aneka mArgoM kA sparza karane vAlA hai, phira bhI pramANa nahIM hai| pramANa meM saba dharmoM ko mukhya sthAna milatA hai| yahA~ sAmAnya ke mukhya hone para vizeSa gauNa rahegA aura vizeSa ke mukhya banane para sAmAnya gonn| donoM ko yathA sthAna mukhyatA aura gauNatA milatI hai| saMgrahanaya kevala sAmAnya aMga 'kA grahaNa karatA hai aura vyavahAranaya kevala vizeSa aMza kA) naigama naya donoM (sAmAnya-vizeSa) kI ekAzrayatA mA sAdhaka hai|

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jaina darzana meM pramANa momAMsA [157 pramANa kI dRSTi se dravya aura paryAya meM kathaMcit meda aura kathaMcit abheda hai| usase bhedAbheda kA yugapat grahaNa hotA hai| naigamanaya ke anumAra dravya aura paryAya kA sama sthiti me yugapat grahaNa nahIM hotaa| abheda kA grahaNa bheTa ko gauNa banA DAlatA hai aura bheda kA grahaNa ameda kii| mukhya prarUpaNA eka kI hogI, pramAtA jise cAhegA usakI hogii| Ananda cetana kA dharma hai| cetana meM Ananda hai-isa vivakSA me Ananda mukhya banatA hai, jo ki bheda hai-cetana kI hI eka vizeSa avasthA hai| "AnandI jIva kI bAta chor3ie"-ima vivakSA me jIva mukhya hai, jo ki abheda haiAnanda jaisI ananta sUkSma-sthUla vizeSa avasthAo kA adhikaraNa hai| Onaigamanaya bhAvoM kI abhivyaJjanA kA vyApaka srota hai / Ananda chA rahA hai"-yaha RjusUtra naya kA abhiprAya hai| isameM kevala dharma yA bheda kI abhivyakti hotI hai / "Ananda kahA~ "yaha usase vyakta nahIM hotA'dravya eka hai"- yaha saMgraha naya kA abhiprAya hai kintu dravya meM kyA hai ?-yaha nahIM jAnA jaataa| "Ananda cetana meM hotA hai" aura usakA adhikaraNa cetana hI,hai, yaha donoM ke sambandha kI abhivyakti hai| yaha naigamanaya kA abhiprAya hai| isa prakAra guNa-guNI, avayava avayavI, kriyA kAraka, jAti-jAtimAn Adi meM jo medAmeda-sambandha hotA hai, usakI vyaJjanA isI dRSTi se hotI hai| parAkrama aura parAkramI ko sarvathA eka mAnA jAe to ve vastu nahI ho sakate / / yadi unhe sarvathA do mAnA jAe to unameM koI sambandha nahIM rhtaa| ve do hai-yaha bhI pratIti-siddha hai, unameM sambandha hai-yaha bhI pratIti-siddha hai kintu hama donoM ko zabdAzrayI zAna dvArA eka sAtha jAna sake yA kaha skeN| yaha pratIti-siddha nahIM, isalie naigamadRSTi hai, jo amuka dharma ke sAtha amuka dharma kA sambandha batAkara yathA samaya eka dUsare kI mukhya sthiti ko grahaNa kara sakatI hai| "parAkramI hanumAn" isa varNana zailI meM hanumAna kI mukhyatA hogii| hanumAn ke parAkrama kA varNana karate samaya usakI (parAkrama kI) mukhyatA apane Apa ho jaaegii| varNana kI yaha sahaja zailI hI isa dRSTi kA AdhAra hai|

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158] jaina darzana me pramANa mImAsA __isakA dUsarA aAdhAra loka-vyavahAra bhI hai| loka vyavahAra meM zabdoM ke jitane aura jaise artha mAne jAte haiM, una sabako yaha dRSTi mAnya karatI hai| tIsarA AdhAra saMkalpa hai| saMkalpa kI satyatA naigama dRSTi para nirnara hai| bhUta ko vartamAna mAnanA-jo kArya ho cunA, use ho rahA hai-aise mAnanA satya nahIM hai| kintu saMkala yA bAgepa kI dRSTi se satya ho sakatA hai| isake tIna rapa banate haiM : 1-bhUta payAMya kA vartamAna paryAya ke rUpa meM svIkAra (atIta meM vartamAna kA saMkalpa ).... bhUtanaigama / - 2-apUrNa vartamAna kA pUrNa vartamAna ke tpa meM svIkAra (anipannaniya vartamAna meM niSpannakriya vartamAna mA saktya)..... vartamAna naMgama / -bhaviSya paryAya kA bhRtaparyAya ke rUpa meM svIkAra (bhaviSya meM bhUta kA saMkalpa)......bhAvInaigama! jayantI dina manAne kI satyatA bhata naigama kI dRSTi me hai / roTI pAnI zuru kI hai / kinI ne pUchA aAja kyA pakAyA hai ? uttara milatA hai..."roTI pakAyI hai| roTI patrI nahIM pA rahI hai phira bhI vartamAna naigana kI apekSA "pakAI hai" aisA kahanA sala hai| kSamatA aura yogyatA kI apekSA akavi ko kavi, avidvAn ko vidvAn kahA jAtA hai / yaha tabhI matya hotA hai jaba hama, bhAvI kA bhUta meM upacAra hai, ima apekSA ko na bhuuleN| naigama ke tIna meTa hote haiM :(1) drvy-naigm| (2) paryAya naigm| (3) dravya-paryAya naigm| inake kArya kA krama yaha hai :'(1) do vastuoM kA grhnn| (2) do avasthAo kA grhnn| -(6) eka vastu aura eka avasthA kA grahaNa / gama naya jaina darzana kI anekAnta dRSTi kA pratIka hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsA [159 nAnAtva aura ekatva dono satya hai| ekatva nirapekSa-nAnAtva aura nAnAtvanirapekSa ekatva-ye dono mithyA hai| ekatva prApekSika satya hai| 'gotva' kI apekSA se sava gAyo me ekala hai| pazutva kI apekSA se gAyo aura anya pazuo meM ekatva hai| jIvatva kI apekSA se pazu aura anya jIvo meM ekatva hai| dravyatva kI apekSA se jIva aura anIva meM ekatva hai / astitva kI apekSA se samUcA vizva eka hai / ApekSika satya se hama vAstavika satya kI ora jAte haiM, taba hamArA dRSTikoNa meda-vAdI bana jAtA hai| nAnAtva vAstavika satya hai| jahA~ atitva kI apekSA hai, vahA~ vizva eka hai kintu caitanya aura acaitanya, jo atyanta virodhI dharma haiM, kI apekSA vizva eka nahIM hai| usake do rUpa haiM(1) cetana jagat (2) acetana jagat / caitanya kI apekSA cetana jagat eka hai kintu svastha caitanya kI apekSA cetana eka nahIM hai / ve ananta haiM / cetana kA vAstavika rUpa hai--svAtma-pratiSThAna / pratyeka padArtha kA zuddha rUpa, yahI svapratiSThAna hai / vAstavika rUpa mI nirapekSa satya nahIM hai / sva meM yA vyakti me caitanya kI pUrNatA hai| vaha eka vyakti-cetana apane samAna anya cetana vyaktiyoM se sarvathA bhinna nahIM hotA, isalie uname sajAtIyatA yA sApekSatA hai| yahI tathya Age bar3hatA hai| cetana aura acetana meM mI sarvathA bheda hI nahI, abheda bhI hai| bheda hai vaha caitanya aura acaitanya kI apekSA se hai| dravyatva, vastutva, astitva, parasparAnugamatva Adi-Adi asaMkhya apekSAo se unama ameva hai| dUsarI dRSTi se unameM sarvathA ameTa hI nahI bheda bhI hai| abheda astitva zrAdi kI apekSA se hai, caitanya kI apekSA se bheda bhI hai| uname svarUpa-bheda hai, isalie dono kI arthakriyA bhinna hotI hai| uname abheTa bhI hai, isalie dono me zeyacAyaka, grAhya grAhaka Adi-Adi sambandha hai / / sagraha aura vyavahAra abheda aura bheda me tAdAtmya sambandha hai-ekAtmakatA hai| sambandha do se hotA hai| kevala bheda yA kevala abheda meM koI sambandha nahI ho sktaa| abheda kAzuddharUpa hai-sattArupa sAmAnya yA nirvikalpaka mhaamttaa| azuddharUpa hai-avAntara sAmAnya (mAmAnyavizepAmayAtmaka mAmAnya) bhaMda kA

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160] jaina darzana meM pramANa momAso (1) zuddhalpa hai--antysvlp-jyaavRtti| (2) azuddhalpa hai-avAntara-vizeSa / saMgraha samanvaya kI dRSTi hai aura vyavahAra vibhAjana kii| ye donoM dRSTiyA~ samAnAntara rekhA para calane vAlI haiM kintu inakA gati-krama viparIta hai| saMgraha-dRSTi simaTatI calatI hai, calate-calate eka ho jAtI hai| vyavahAra dRSTi khulatI calatI hai-calate-calate ananta ho jAtI hai| siddha saMsArI ayogI sayogI (15 guNasthAna) / balI chAtya kSIpa moha upazAnta moha akaSApI (11 guna0) satyApI bhada-pradhAna ....................dhyayahAramnaya zrabheda-pradhAna.................sagraha-naya sUkSma kamAyo vAra kaSAyI zreNI pratipanna zrepI patipatra (gurA) sampattI nivAlI maSya pranyimeTI

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [ 161 yadi saba padArthoM meM sarvathA abheda hI hotA - vAstavika ekatA hI hotI to vyavahAra naya kI ( bheda ko vAstavika mAnane kI ) bAta truTipUrNa hotI / isI prakAra saba padArthoM meM sarvathA bheda hI hotA, vAstavika anekatA hI hotI to graha-dRSTi kI (abheda ko vAstavika mAnane kI ) bAta satya nahI hotI / caitanya guNa jaise cetana vyaktiyo meM sAmaJjasya sthApita karatA hai, vaise hI yadi yahI guNa acetana vyaktiyo kA cetana vyaktiyo ke sAtha sAmaJjasya sthApita karatA to caitanya dharma kI apekSA cetana aura acetana ko atyanta virodhI mAnane kI sthiti nahI AtI / (cetana aura acetana meM anya dharmo dvArA sAmaJjasya hone para bhI cetana dharma dvArA sAmaJjasya nahI hotaa| isalie bheda bhI tAttvika hai / sattA, dravyatva Adi dharmoM ke dvArA cetana aura acetana me yadi kisI prakAra kA sAmaJjasya nahIM hotA, to dono kA adhikaraNa eka jagata nahIM hotA / ve svarUpa se eka nahI haiM, adhikaraNa se eka hai, isalie ameda bhI tAttvika hai) abheda aura bheda kI tAttvikatA ke kAraNa bhinna-bhinna hai| sattA yA astitva abheda kA kAraNa hai, yaha kabhI bheda nahI DAlatA / hamArI abhedaparakaisake sahAre banatI hai / vizeSa dharma yA nAstitva ( jaise cetana kA caitanya ) bheda kA kAraNa hai / isake sahAre bheda-paraka dRSTi calatI hai / vastu kA jo samAna pariNAma hai, vahI sAmAnya hai / asamAna pariNAma ke binA ho nahI sakatA | asamAnatA ke binA ekatA hogI, samAnatA nahIM | vaha asamAna pariNAma hI vizeSa hai 3 | jainama dRSTi ameda aura meda zaktiyoM kI ekAzrayatA ke dvArA padArtha ko abhedaka aura bhedaka - dharmo kA samanvaya mAnakara abheda aura bheda kI tAttvikatA kA samarthana karatI hai / saMgraha aura vyavahAra - ye dono kramazaH abheda aura bheda ko mukhya mAnakara inakI vAstavikatA kA samarthana karane vAlI dRSTiyA~ haiN| vyavahAra naya yaha (1) upacAra - vahula aura ( 2 ) laukika hotA hai / samAna pariNAma

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162] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA (1) upacAra-bahula-yahA~ gauNa-vRtti se upacAra pradhAna hotA hai| jaise-parvata jala rahA hai yahA~ pracura-dAha prayojana hai| mArga cala rahA haiyahA~ nairantarya pratIti prayojana hai| (2) laukika-bhaurA kAlA hai| RjusUtra __ yaha vartamAnaparaka dRSTi hai| yaha atIta aura bhaviSya kI vAstavika sattA svIkAra nahIM krtii| atIta kI kriyA naSTa ho cukatI hai| bhaviSya kI kriyA prArambha nahI hotii| isalie bhUtakAlIna vastu aura bhaviSyakAlIna vastu na to arthakriyA-samartha (apanA kAma karane meM samartha ) hotI hai aura na pramANa kA viSaya banatI hai| vastu vahI hai jo arthakriyA-samartha ho, pramANa kA viSaya bane / ye dono vAteM vArtamAnika vastu meM hI milatI hai| isalie vahI tAtvika satya hai | atIta aura bhaviSya me 'tulA' tulA nahI hai| 'tulA' usI samaya tulA hai, jaba usase tolA jAtA hai|| isake anusAra kriyAkAla aura niSThAkAla kA AdhAra eka dravya nahIM ho sktaa| sAdhya-avasthA aura sAdhana avasthA kA kAla bhinna hogA, tava bhinna kAla kA AdhArabhUta dravya apane Apa bhinna hogaa| do avasthAe' samanvita nahIM hotii| bhinna avasthAvAcaka padArthoM kA samanvaya nahI hotaa| isa prakAra yaha paurvAparya, kArya-kAraNa Adi avasthAo kI svatantra sattA kA samarthana karane vAlI dRSTi hai| zabdanaya zabdanaya bhinna-bhinna liGga, vacana Adi yukta zabda ke bhinna-bhinna artha svIkAra karatA hai| yaha zabda, rUpa aura usake artha kA niyAmaka hai| vyAkaraNa kI liGga, vacana Adi kI aniyAmakatA ko yaha pramANa nahI krtaa| isakA abhiprAya yaha hai : (1) puliGga kA vAcya artha strIliGga kA vAcya artha nahIM bana sktaa| 'pahAI kA jo artha hai vaha pahAr3I' zabda vyakta nahI kara sktaa| isI prakAra - strIliGga kA vAcya artha puliMga kA vAcya nahIM bntaa| 'nadI ke lie

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [163 'nada' zabda kA prayoga nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| phalita yaha hai-jahA~ zabda kA liGga bheda hotA hai, vahA~ artha-bheda hotA ho| (2) eka vacana kA jo vAcya artha hai, vaha bahuvacana kA vAcyArtha nahI hotaa| bahuvacana kA vAcca-artha eka vacana kA vAcyArtha nahI bntaa| "manuSya hai" aura "manuSya hai| ye dono eka hI artha ke vAcaka nahI banate / ekatva kI avasthA bahutva kI avasthA se bhinna hai| isa prakAra kAla, kAraka rUpa kA bheda artha-bheTa kA prayojaka banatA hai| ___ yaha dRSTi zabdaprayoga ke pIche chipe hue itihAsa ko jAnane meM baDI sahAyaka hai| saMketa-kAla meM zabda, liGga Adi kI racanA prayojana ke anurUpa vanatI hai| vaha rUDha jaisI bAda meM hotI hai| sAmAnyataH hama 'stuti' aura 'stotra' kA prayoga ekArthaka karate haiM kintu vastutaH ye ekArthaka nahI hai |(ek zlokAtmaka bhakti kAvya 'stuti' aura bahu zlokAtmaka-bhakti kAvya 'stotra' kahalAtA hai 32 // 'putra' aura 'putrI' ke pIche jo liGga-bheda kI, 'tuma' aura 'Apake pIche jo vacana-bheda kI bhAvanA hai, vaha zabda ke liGga aura vacana-bheda dvArA vyakta hotI hai| (zabda-naya zabda ke liGga, vacana Adi ke dvArA vyakta hone vAlI avasthA ko hI tAttvika mAnatA hai| eka hI vyakti ko sthAyI mAnakara kabhI 'tuma' aura kabhI 'Apa' zabda se sambodhita kiyA jA sakatA hai kintu zabdanaya una dono ko eka hI vyakti svIkAra nahIM krtaa| 'tuma' kA vAcya vyakti laghu yA premI hai, jaba ki 'bApa' kA vAcya -guru yA sammAnya hai| samabhirUr3ha eka vastu kA dUsarI vastu meM saMkramaNa nahI hotaa| pratyeka vastu apane svarUpa meM niSTha hotI hai| sthUla dRSTi se hama aneka vastuoM ke mizraNa yA sahasthiti ko eka vastu mAna lete haiM kintu aisI sthiti meM bhI pratyeka vastu apane-apane svarUpa meM hotI hai| __jaina darzana kI bhASA meM aneka vargaNAeM aura vijJAna kI bhASA meM aneka gaiseM (Gases ) AkAza-maDala meM vyAsa hai kintu eka sAtha vyApta rahane para bhI ve apane-apane svarUpa meM haiN| samarmirUr3ha kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki jo

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164] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA vastu jahA~ ArUDha hai, usakA vahIM prayoga karanA caahie| yaha dRSTi vaijJAnika vizleSaNa ke lie bahuta upayogI hai / sthUla dRSTi me ghaTa, kuTa, kumbha kA artha eka hai| samamiruDha ise svIkAra nahIM krtaa| isake anusAra 'ghaTa' zabda kA hI artha ghaTa vastu hai, kuTa zabda kA artha ghaTa vastu nahIM; ghaTa kA kuTa meM saMkramaNa avastu hai / 'ghaTa' vaha vastu hai, jo mAthe para rakhA jaae| kahIM vadA kahI cauTA aura kahIM maMkaTA-yU jo kuTila AkAra vAlA hai, vaha 'kuTa' hai 331 mAthe para rakhI jAne yogya avasthA aura kuTila AkRti kI avasthA eka nahIM hai| imalie dono ko eka zabda kA artha mAnanA bhUla hai| artha kI avasthA ke anurUpa zabdaprayoga aura zabdaprayoga ke anurUpa artha kA bodha ho, tabhI sahI vyavasthA ho sakatI hai| artha kI zabda ke prati aura zabda kI artha ke prati niyAmakatA na hone para vastu sAkarya ho jaaegaa| phira kapar3e kA artha ghaDA aura ghaDe kA artha kapar3A na samajhane ke lie niyama kyA hogaa| kapaDe kA artha jaise tantu-samudAya hai, vaise hI mRNmaya pAtra bhI ho jAe aura saba kucha ho jAe to zanAnumArI pravRtti-nivRtti kA lopa ho jAtA hai, isalie zabda ko apane vAcya ke prati saccA honA cAhie / ghaTa apane artha ke prati saccA raha sakatA hai, paTa yA kuTa ke artha ke prati nhii| yaha niyAmakatA yA sacAI ho isakI maulikatA hai| evambhUta tasamabhirUr3ha me phira bhI sthitipAlakatA hai| vaha atIta aura bhaviSya kI kriyA ko bhI zabda-prayoga kA nimitta mAnatA hai| yaha naya atIta aura bhaviSya kI kriyA se zabda aura artha ke prati niyama ko svIkAra nahIM krtaa| sira para rakhA jAegA, rakhA gayA isalie vaha ghaTa hai, yaha niyamakriyA zUnya hai| ghaTa vaha hai, jo mAthe para rakhA huA hai| isake anusAra zabda artha kI vartamAna ceSTA kA prativimva honA caahie| yaha zabda ko artha kA aura artha ko zabda kA niyAmaka mAnatA hai| ghaTa zabda kA vAcya artha vahI hai, jo 'pAnI lAne ke lie mastaka 'para rakkhA huA hai-vartamAna pravRttiyukta hai| ghaTa zabda bhI vahI hai, jo ghaTa-kriyAyukta artha kA-pratipAdana kre|

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [ 165 vicAra ko AdhArabhitti vicAra nirAzraya nahIM hotaa| usake avalambana tIna hai - ( 1 ) jJAna (2) artha (3) zabda | ( 1 ) jo vicAra saMkalpa-pradhAna hotA hai, use jJAnAzrayI kahate haiM / (jaigama naya jJAnAzrayI vicAra hai| (2) arthAzrayI vicAra vaha hotA hai, jo artha ko pradhAna mAnakara cale / saMgraha, vyavahAra aura sUtra - yaha arthAzrayI vicAra hai / yaha artha ke meda aura bheda kI mImAMsA karatA hai| / (3) zabdAzrayI vicAra vaha hai, jo zabda kI mImAsA kare / (zabda, samamirUr3ha aura evambhUtaye tIno zabdAzrayI vicAra hai| inake AdhAra para nayo kI paribhASA yU~ hotI hai :--- 1) naigama - saMkalpa yA kalpanA kI apekSA se hone vAlA vicAra / (2) saMgraha --- samUha kI apekSA se hone vAlA vicAra | (3) vyavahAra - vyakti kI " 35 99 "3 (4) RjusUtra - vartamAna avasthA kI apekSA se hone vAlA vicAra / (5.) zabda -- yathAkAla, yathAkAraka zabdaprayoga kI apekSA se hone vAlA vicAra | (6) samabhirUr3ha - zabda kI utpatti ke anurUpa zabdaprayoga kI apekSA se hone vAlA vicAra / 2) evambhUta-vyakti ke kAryAnurUpa zabdaprayoga kI apekSA se hone vAlA vicAra / nayavibhAga..................sAta dRSTivinduazrita jJAna ke cAra rUpa banate hai / (1) sAmAnya vizeSa umayAtmaka ke artha naigamadRSTi I ( 2 ) sAmAnya yA abhinna artha... saMgraha - dRSTi ( 3 ) vizeSa yA bhinna artha... vyavahAra-dRSTi ( 4 ) vartamAnavartI vizeSa artha * * * RjusUtra dRSTi pahalI dRSTi ke anusAra pradazanyaM meda aura medazUnya meda rUpa bha

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166] jaina darzana meM pramANa momAMsA .nahIM hotA / jahA~ abheda rUpa pradhAna banatA hai, vahA~ medaspa gauNa bana jAtA hai aura jahA~ bhedarUpa mukhya banatA hai, vahA~ bhedaspa gaunn| bheda aura bheda, jo pRthak pratIta hote haiM, usakA kAraNa dRSTi kA gauNa-mukhya-bhAva hai, kintu unake svaspa kI pRthakatA nhiiN| dUsarI dRSTi meM kevala artha ke ananta dharmoM ke abheda kI vivakSA mukhya hotI hai| yaha bheda se abheda kI ora gati hai| isake anusAra padArtha meM sahabhAvI aura kramabhAvI ananta-dharma hote hue bhI vaha eka mAnA jAtA hai| sajAtIya padArtha saMkhyA meM aneka, asaMkhya yA ananta hone para bhI eka mAne jAte haiN| vijAtIya padArtha pRthaka hote hue bhI padArtha kI mattA meM eka vana jAte haiN| yaha madhyama yA apara saMgraha vanatA hai| para yA utkRSTa saMgraha meM vizva eka bana jAtA hai| asti sAmAnya se pare koI padArtha nhii| astitva kI sImA me sva eka vana jAte haiM, phalataH vizva eka sad-avizeSa yA sat-sAmAnya bana jAtA hai| yaha iSTi do dhanoM kI samAnatA se prArambha hotI hai aura samUce jagat kI samAnatA meM isakI pari samApti hotI hai abheda carama koTi taka nahIM pahu~catA, tava taka apara-saMgraha calatA hai| tIsarI dRSTi ThIka isase viparIta calatI hai| vaha abheda se bheTa kI aura jAtI hai| ina donoM kA kSetra tulya hai| kevala dRSTi-meTa rahatA hai| dUsarI dRSTi saba meM abheda hI abheTa dekhatI hai aura ise sava meM bheTa hI bheTa dIkha par3atA hai| dUsarI abhedAza-pradhAna yA nizcaya-dRSTi hai, yaha hai bhedAga yA upayogitA pradhAna hsstti| dravyatva se kucha nahIM banatA,- upayoga ucya nA hotA hai / gautva dUdha nahIM detA, dUdha gAya detI hai| cauthI dRSTi carama meda kI dRSTi hai| jaise para-saMgraha ne abheda carama koTi taka pahuMca jAtA hai-vizva eka bana jAtA hai, vaise hI isama meda carama vana jAtA hai| apara-saMgraha aura vyavahAra ke ye donoM nire haiN| yahA~ ne unakA udgama hotA hai| . . yahAM eka prazna ke lie avakAza hai| spara-saMgraha ko annaga naya nA

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jaina darzana meM pramANa momAsA [167 mAnA, taba RjusUna alaga kyo ? saMgraha ke apara aura para--ye do bheda hue, vaise hI vyavahAra ke bhI dA bheda hA jAte-apara-vyavahAra aura para-vyavahAra / isa prazna kA samAdhAna DhUMDhane ke lie calate haiM, tava hameM dUsarI dRSTi kA trAloka apane Apa mila jAtA hai| artha kA antima maMda paramANu yA pradeza hai| usa taka vyavahAranaya calatA hai| carama bheda kA artha hotA haivartamAnakAlIna artha-paryAya-kSaNamAtrasthAyI pryaay| paryAya paryAyArthika naya kA viSaya banatA hai| vyavahAra ThaharA dravyAthika / dravyArthika dRSTi ke sAmane paryAya gauNa hotI hai, inalie paryAya usakA viSaya nahI vntii| yahI kAraNa hai ki vyavahAra se RjasUtra ko svatantra mAnanA pdd'aa| naya ke viSaya-vibhAga para dRSTi DAlie, yaha apane Apa spaSTa ho jAegA dravyArthika naya tIna haiN|-(1) naigama (2) saMgraha (3) vyavahAra / anusUtra, zabda, samabhirUr3ha aura evambhUta-ye cAra paryAyArthika naya hai| jusUtra dravya-paryAyAthika vibhAga meM jahA~ payAryAthika meM jAtA hai, vahA~ artha zabda vibhAga meM artha naya meM rahatA hai| vyavahAra dono jagaha eka koTika hai| do pamparAeM dravyArthika aura paryAyAthika ke vimAga meM do pamparAe banatI hai, eka saiddhAntiko kI ora dUsarI tArkiko kii| saiddhAntika paramparA ke agraNI "jinabhadgaNI" kSamAzramaNa haiN| unake anusAra pahale cAra naya dravyArthika hai aura zeSa tIna pryaayaarthik| dUsarI paramparA ke pramukha hai "siddhsen"| unake anusAra pahale tIna naya dravyArthika hai aura zepa cAra paryAyArthikaH / (saiddhAntika RjusUtra ko dravyArthika mAnate haiN|) usakA AdhAra anuyoga dvAra kA nimna sUtra hai| "ujjusuassa ego aNuvautto AgamatI ega davAvassaya puhutta necchai isakA bhAva yaha hai RjusUtra kI dRSTi me upayoga-zUnya vyakti dravyAvazyaka hai| saiddhAntika paramparA kA mata yaha hai ki yadi RjusUtra ko dravyagrAhI na mAnA jAe to ukta sUtra meM virodha AyegA /

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16] jaina darzana meM pramANa maumAMsA tArkika mata ke anusAra anuyoga dvAra meM vartamAna Avazyaka paryAya meM dravya pada kA upacAra kiyA gayA hai 37 / isalie vahA~ koI virodha nahIM aataa| saiddhAntika gauNa dravya ko dravya mAnakara ise dravyArthika mAnate haiM aura tArkika vartamAna paryAya kA dravya rUpa meM upacAra aura vAstavika dRSTi meM vartamAna paryAya mAna use paryAyArthika mAnate haiN| mukhya dravya koI nahI maantaa| eka dRSTi kA viSaya hai-gauNa dravya aura eka kA viSaya hai pryaay| donoM meM apekSAbheda hai, tAttvika virodha nhiiN| dravyAthika naya dravya ko hI mAnatA hai, paryAya ko nahIM mAnatA, taba aisA lagatA hai-yaha durnaya honA caahie| naya meM dUsare kA pratikSepa nahIM honA caahie| vaha madhyastha hotA hai| bAta sahI hai, kintu aisA hai nhiiN| dravyArthika naya paryAya ko asvIkAra nahIM karatA, paryAya kI pradhAnatA ko asvIkAra karatA hai| dravya ke pradhAnyakAla me paryAya kI prAdhAnatA hotI nahI, isalie yaha ucita hai 31 yahI bAta paryAyArthika ke lie hai| vaha paryAya-pradhAna hai, isalie vaha dravya kA prAdhAnya asvIkAra karatA hai| yaha asvIkAra mukhya dRSTi kA hai, isalie yahA~ asat-ekAnta nahIM hotaa| paryAyAthikanaya "jusUtra kA viSaya hai. vartamAna kAlIna arthaparyAya / zabdanaya kAla Adi ke bheda se arthabheda mAnatA hai| isa dRSTi ke anusAra atIta aura vartamAna kI paryAya eka nahIM hotii| samamilana nirukti bheda se artha-bheda mAnatA hai| isakI dRSTi me ghaTa aura kumbha do haiN| ___evambhUta vartamAna kriyA meM pariNata artha ko hI tadRzabda vAcya mAnatA hai| Rju sUtra vartamAna paryAya ko mAnatA hai| tIno zabdanaya zabdaprayoga ke anusAra arthabheda ( bhinna-artha-paryAya) svIkAra karate hai, isalie ye cAroM paryAyArthika naya haiN| inameM dravyAza gauNa rahatA hai aura paryAyAMza mukhya / arthanaya aura zabdanaya naigama, saMgraha, vyavahAra aura ajusUtra-ye cAra arthanaya haiN| zabda, samamiruda aura evambhUta-ye tIna zabda naya haiN| yaM to sAto naya jJAnAtmaka -

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [169 aura zabdAtmaka dono hai kintu yahaoN unakI zabdAtmakatA se prayojana nahIM / pahale cAra nayo meM zabda kA kAla, liDa, nirukti Adi badalane para artha nahI. badalatA, isalie ve arthanaya haiN| zabdanayo meM zabda kA kAlAdi vadalane-para artha vadala jAtA hai, isalie ye zabdanaya kahalAte haiN| nayavibhAga kA AdhAra artha yA abheda saMgraha dRSTi kA AdhAra hai aura bheda vyavahAra dRSTi kaa| saMgraha bheda ko nahIM mAnatA aura vyavahAra ameda ko jagama kA AdhAra hai| ameda aura bheda eka padArtha meM rahate haiM, ye sarvathA do nahIM haiM kintu gauNa mukhya . bhAva.do haiN| yaha abheda aura bheda donoM ko svIkAra karatA hai, eka sAtha eka rUpa meM nahI / yadi eka sAtha dharma-dharmI dono ko yA aneka dharmoM ko mukhya mAnatA to yaha pramANa bana jAtA kintu aisA nahIM hotaa| isa dRSTi meM mukhyatA eka kI hI rahatI hai, dUsarA sAmane rahatA hai kintu pradhAna banakara nhiiN| kabhI dharmI mukhya vana jAtA hai, kabhI dharma aura do dharmoM kI bhI yahI gati hai| isake rAjya meM kisI eka ke hI mastaka para mukuTa nahIM rhtaa| vaha apekSA yA prayojana ke anusAra badalatA rahatA hai| jusUtra kA AdhAra hai-crmbhed| yaha pahale aura pIche ko vAstavika / nahI maantaa| isakA sUtraNa vaDA sarala hai| yaha sirpha vartamAna paryAya ko hI vAstavika mAnatA hai| zabda ke bheda-rUpa ke anusAra artha kA bheda hotA hai-yaha zabdanaya kA AdhAra hai| pratyeka zabda kA artha bhinna hai, eka artha ke do vAcaka nahI ho sakateyaha samamirUda kI mUla bhitti hai| zabdanaya pratyeka zabda kA artha bhinna nahIM maantaa| usake mavame eka zabda ke jo aneka rUpa banate haiM, ve tabhI banate haiM jaba ki artha meM bheda-hotA hai| yaha dRSTi usase sUkSma hai| isake anumAra-zabdabheda ke anusAra arthabheda hotA evambhUta kA abhiprAya vizuddhatama hai| isake anusAra artha ke lie zabda kAyorA usakI prastuta kiyA ke anusAra honA caahie| samabhiruDha artha kI

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170] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA kriyA meM apravRtta zabda ko usakA vAcaka mAnatA hai-vAcya aura vAcaka ke prayoga ko traikAlika mAnatA hai kintu yaha kevala vAcya-vAcaka ke prayoga ko vartamAna kAla meM hI svIkAra karatA hai| kriyA ho cukane para aura kriyA kI saMbhAvyatA para amuka artha kA amuka vAcaka hai-aisA ho nahIM sktaa| phalita rUpa meM sAta nayo ke viSaya isa prakAra vanate haiM :(1)nagama......artha kA abheda aura bheda aura dono| (2) saMgraha ......amed| (ka) parasaMgraha..... carama-abheda / (kha) aparasaMgraha... avAntara-abheda / (3) vyavahAra..... bheda-avAntara-bheda (4) anusUtra......carama bhed| (5) zabda.. ..... bhed| (6) samamirUr3ha . meda / (7) evambhUta..... meda / ___ inameM eka abhedadRSTi hai, bheda dRSTiyAM pAMca-hai aura eka dRSTi saMyukta hai| saMyukta dRSTi isa bAta kI sUcaka hai ki abheda meM hI bheda aura bheda meM hI abheda hai| ye dono sarvathA do yA sarvathA eka yA abheda tAttvika aura bheda kAlpanika athavA bheda tAtvika aura ameda kAlpanika, yU nahIM hotaa| jaina darzana ko abheda mAnya hai kintu bheda ke abhAva meM nhiiN| cetana aura acetana (aAtmA aura pudgala ) dono padArtha sat hai, isalie eka hai-abhinna haiN| donoM meM svabhAva-bheda hai, isalie ve aneka hai-bhinna haiN| yathArtha yaha hai ki abheda aura bheda dono tAttvika hai| kAraNa yaha he-bheda zUnya abheda meM arthakriyA nahI hotI- artha kI kriyA vizeSa dazA meM hotI hai aura ameda zunya bheda meM bhI arthakriyA nahIM hotI kAraNa aura kArya kA sambandha nahIM judd'taa| pUrva kSaNa uttara-kSaNa kA kAraNa tabhI bana sakatA hai jaba ki donI meM eka anvayI mAnA jAe (eka dhruva yA abhedAMza mAnA jaae)| isalie jaina darzana amedAzritabheTa ora bhegabhita-abheda ko svIkAra karatA hai|

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [171 naya ke viSaya kA alpa-bahutva ye sAto dRSTiyA~ paraspara sApekSa haiN| eka hI vastu ke vibhinna rUpoM ko vividha rUpa se grahaNa karane vAlI haiN| inakA cintana kramazaH sthUla se sUkSma kI aura Age bar3hatA hai, isalie inakA viSaya kramazaH bhUyas se alpa hotA calatA hai| (nagama saMkalpagrAhI hai| saMkalpa sat aura asat dono kA hotA hai, isalie bhAva aura abhAva---ye dono isake gocara banate haiN| saMgraha kA viSaya isase thor3A hai, kevala sattA mAtra hai| jyavahAra kA viSaya, sattA kA eka aMza-meda hai| jusUtra kA viSaya bheda kA carama aMza-vartamAna kSaNa hai, jaba ki vyavahAra kA trikAlavI vastu hai| zabda kA viSaya kAla Adi ke meda se bhinna vastu hai, jaba ki RjasUtra kAla Adi kA bheda hone para bhI vastu ko abhinna mAnatA hai| (samamirUr3ha kA viSaya vyutpatti ke anusAra pratyeka paryAyavAcI zabda kA bhinna artha hai, jaba ki zabdanaya vyutpatti meda hone para bhI paryAyavAcI zabdo kA eka artha mAnatA hai| evambhUta kA viSaya kriyA-bheda ke anusAra bhinna artha hai, jaba ki samabhirUr3ha kriyA-maida hone para mI artha ko abhinna svIkAra karatA hai| isa prakAra kramazaH inakA viSaya parimita hotA gayA hai| pUrvavatoM naya uttaravartI naya ke gRhIta aMza ko letA hai, isalie pahalA naya kAraNa aura dUsarA naya kArya bana jAtA hai| naya kI zabda yojanA * pramANavAkya aura nayavAkya ke sAtha syAt zabda kA prayoga karane meM sabhI AcArya eka mata nahIM haiN| AcArya akalaMka ne dono jagaha "syAt" zabda jor3A hai. ---"syAta jIva evaM" aura "syAt astyeva jIva / " pahalA pramANa vAkya hai, dUsarA nayavAkya / pahale meM ananta-dharmAtmaka jIva kA bodha hotA hai, pUsare meM pradhAnatayA jIva ke astitvadharma kaa| pahale meM 'ekkAra' dhamIM ke pAcakaM ke sAtha jur3atA hai, dUsare meM prema ke sacA ke saath|

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172] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA AcArya malayagiri nayavAkya ko mithyA mAnate haiM / inakI dRSTi meM nayAntara-nirapekSa naya akhaNDa vastu kA grAhaka nahIM hone ke kAraNa mithyA hai| 'nayAntara-sApekSa naya 'syAt' zabda se jur3A huA hogA, isalie vaha vAstava meM naya-vAkya nahI, pramANa-vAkya hai| isalie unake vicArAnusAra 'syAt' zabda kA prayoga pramANa-vAkya ke sAtha hI karanA caahie| siddhasena divAkara kI paramparA meM bhI naya-vAkya kA rUpa "syAdastyeva" yahI mAnya rahA hai / / prAcArya hemacandra aura vAdideva sUri ne naya ko kevala "sat" zabda gamtha mAnA hai| unhone 'syAt' kA prayoga kevala pramANa-vAkya ke sAtha kiyA hai| "anyayogavyavacchedadvAtriMzikA" ke anusAra sat eva-durnaya / sat-naya - - - - syAt sat-pramANavAkya hai| "pramANanayatatvAloka" meM naya, dunaya kA rUpa dvAtriMzikA' jaisA hI hai| pramANa vAkya ke sAtha 'eca' zabda jor3A hai, itamA sA antara hai| paMcAlikAya kI TIkA meM 'evaM' zabda ko donoM vAkya-paddhatiyo se jor3A hai, jaba ki pravacanasAra kI TIkA meM sirpha naya-sasabhanI ke lie 'evakAra' kA nirdeza kiyA hai| vAstava meM 'syAt' zabda anekAnta-dyotana ke lie hai aura 'eva' zabda anya dharmoM kA vyavaccheda karane ke lie| kevala 'evakAra ke prayoga meM aikAntikatA kA doSa AtA hai| use dUra karane ke lie 'syAt' zabda kA prayoga Avazyaka banatA hai (nayavAkya meM vivakSita dharma ke atirikta dharmoM meM upekSA kI mukhyatA hotI hai, isalie kaI AcArya usake sAtha 'syAt' aura 'eva' kA prayoga Avazyaka nahI maante| kaI AcArya vivakSita dharma kI nizcAyakatA ke lie 'evaM' aura zeSa dharmoM kA nirAkaraNa na ho, isalie 'syAt' ina donoM ke prayoga ko Avazyaka mAnate haiM naya kI tribhagI yA saptabhaMgI (1) sonA eka hai......(dravyArthikanaya kI dRSTi se) 12) sonA aneka hai......(paryAyAthikanaya kI dRSTi se)

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jaina darzana meM pramANa bhImAMsA [173 (3) sonA kramazaH eka hai, aneka hai......(do dhamoM kA kramazaH pratipAdana) (4) sonA yugapat "eka aneka hai" yaha avaktavya hai| ( do dharmoM kA eka sAtha pratipAdana asambhava) (5) sonA eka hai-avaktavya hai| / eka sAtha do dharma nahI kahe (6) sonA aneka hai-avaktavya hai| rajA jAte, phira bhI unake sAtha } ekatA anekatA kA pratipAdana (7) sonA eka, aneka-avaktavya hai| ho sakatA hai| prakArAntara se 45:(1) kumbha hai * eka deza meM kha-paryAya se| (2) kumbha nahIM hai. eka deza meM para-paryAya se / (3) kumbha avaktavya hai...eka deza meM sva-paryAya se, eka deza me para-paryAya se, yugapat dono kahe nahI jA skte| (1) kumma avaktavya hai| (5) kumbha hai, kumbha avaktavya hai| (6) kumbha nahIM hai, kumbha avaktavya hai / (7) kumbha hai, kumma nahIM hai, kumbha avaktavya hai| pramANa-saptabhar3I meM eka dharma kI pradhAnatA se dhI-vasta kA pratipAdana hotA hai aura naya-sasamanI meM kevala dharma kA pratipAdana hotA hai| yaha dono meM, antara hai / siddhasenagaNI Adi ke vicAra me asti, nAsti aura avaktavya-ye tIna hI mana vikalAdeza haiM, zeSa (cAra) maga aneka dharmavAlI vastu ke pratipAdaka hote haiM, isalie ve vikalAdeza nahIM hote| isake anusAra naya kI trimaGgI hI banatI hai|) AcArya akalaMka, tumAzramaNa jinabhadra Adi ne naya ke sAto bhaGga-mAne haiM:aikAntika Agraha yA mithyAvAda apane abhipreta dharma ke atirikta anya dharmoM kA nirAkaraNa karane vAlA vicAra durnaya hotA hai| kAraNa, eka dharma vAlI koI vastu hai hI nhiiN| pratyeka vastu ananta dharmAtmaka hai| isalie eka dharmAtmaka vastu kA Agraha samyaga nahIM hai| naya isalie samyag-zAna hai ki ve eka dharma kA Agraha

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174] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA rakhate hue bhI anya-dharma-sApekSa rahate haiN| isIlie kahA gayA hai- sApekSa naya aura nirapekSa durnaya / vastu kI jitane rUpoM meM upalabdhi hai, utane hI naya hai| kintu vastu eka rUpa nahIM hai, sava spo kI no ekAtmakatA hai, vaha jaina darzana vastu kI anekarUpatA ke pratipAdana meM aneka darzanoM ke sAtha samanvaya karatA hai, kintu unakI ekarUpatA phira use dUra yA vilaga kara detI hai| jaina darzana anekAnta-dRSTi kI apekSA svatantra hai / anya darzana kI ekAntadRSTiyoM kI apekSA unakA saMgraha hai| "sanmati" aura anekAnta-vyavasthA ke anusAra nayAmAsa ke udAharaNa (1) naigama-nayAmAsa...naiyAyika, vaishessik| (2) saMgraha-nayAbhAsa..... vedAnta, sAMkhya / / (3) vyavahAra-nayAbhAsa..... sAMkhya, caarvaak| / () jusUtra--navAbhAsa..... sautrAntika / (5) zabda-nayAbhAsa.. zabda-brahmavAda, vaibhASika / (6) samamira nayAbhAsa..... yogAcAra / (7) evambhUta-nayAbhAsa...... maadhymik| (1) jAnane vAlA vyakti sAmAnya, vizeSa-ina donoM meM se kisI ko, jisa samaya jisakI apekSA hotI hai, usI ko mukhya mAnakara pravRtti karatA hai| isalie sAmAnya aura vizeSa kI minnatA kA samarthana karane meM jaina-dRSTi nyAya, vaizeSika se milatI hai, kintu sarvathA bheda ke samarthana meM unase alaga ho jAtI hai| sAmAnya aura vizeSa meM atyanta meda kI dRSTi durnaya hai, tAdAtmya kI apekSA meda kI dRSTi ny| vizeSa kA vyApAra gauNa, sAmAnya mukhya...abheda | sAmAnya kA vyApAra gauNa, vizeSa mukhya.. bheda / (2) sat aura asat me tAdAtmya sambandha hai| sat-asat aMza dharmI spa se abhinna hai -sat-asat rUpa vAlI vastu eka hai| dharma rUpa meM ve bhinna haiN|

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jaina darzana meM pramANa momAsA 175 (vizeSa ko gauNa mAna sAmAnya ko mukhya mAnane vAlI dRSTi naya hai, kevala sAmAnya ko khIkAra karane vAlI dRSTi durny| bhAvaikAnta kA Agraha rakhane 1 vAle darzana sAkhya aura advaita haiN| saMgraha dRSTi meM mAvaikAnta aura amAvaikAnta (zalyavAda) dono kA sApekSa khIkaraNa hai| (3) vyavahAra-naya-loka-vyavahAra satya hai, yaha dRSTi jaina darzana ko mAnya hai| usI kA nAma hai vyavahAra-naya / kintu sthira-nitya vastu-kharUpa kA lopakara, kevala vyavahAra-sAdhaka, sthUla aura kiyatkAlabhAvI vastuoM ko hI tAttvika mAnanA mithyA Agraha hai| jaina dRSTi yahA~ cArvAka se pRthak ho jAtI hai| vartamAna paryAya, AkAra yA avasthA ko hI vAstavika mAnakara unakI atIta yA bhAvI paryAyo ko aura unakI ekAtmakatA ko asvIkAra kara cArvAka nihatuka vastuvAdI bana jAtA hai| nirhetuka vastu yA to sadA rahatI hai| yA rahatI hI nhii| padArthoM kI jo kAdAcitka sthiti hotI hai, vaha kAraNasApekSa hI hotI hai| (4) paryAya kI dRSTi se RjusUtra kA abhiprAya satya hai kintu bauddha darzana phevala paryAya ko hI paramArtha satya mAnakara paryAya ke AdhAra anvayI dravya ko asvIkAra karatA hai, yaha abhiprAya sarvathA aikAntika hai, isalie satya nahIM hai| (5-67) zabda kI pratIti hone para artha kI pratIti hotI hai, yaha satya hai, kintu sabda kI pratIti ke vinA artha kI pratIti hotI hI nahIM, yaha ekAntavAda mithyA hai| zabdAdvaitavAdI zAna ko zabdAtmaka hI mAnate haiN| unake matAnusAra"aisA koI jJAna nahIM, jo zabda sasarga ke binA ho ske| jitanA jJAna hai, vaha saba zabda se anuviddha hokara hI bhAsita hotA hai / jaina-dRSTi ke anusAra-"jJAna zabda-saMzliSTa hI hotA hai"--yaha ucita nahIM 5 / kAraNa, zabda artha se sarvathA abhinna nahIM hai| avagraha-kAla meM zabda ke binA bhI vastu kA jJAna hotA hai / vastumAtra savAcaka bhI nahIM hai| sUkSma-paryAyo ke saMketa-grahaNa kA koI upAya nahIM hotA, isalie ve anamilApya hotI hai| zabda artha kA vAcaka hai kintu yaha zabda isI artha kA vAcaka hai, dUsare

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176] jaina darzana maiM pramANa maumAsA kA nahIM-yaha niyama nahI banatA / (deza, kAla aura saMketa Adi kI vicitratA se sava zabda dUsare-dUsare padArthoM ke vAcaka vana sakate haiN| artha meM bhI anantadharma hote haiM, isalie ve bhI dUsare-dUsare zabdo ke vAcya bana sakate haiN| tAtparya yaha huA ki zabda apanI sahaja zakti se saba padArthoM ke vAcaka ho sakate haiM kintu deza, kAla, kSayopazama Adi kI apekSAvaza unase pratiniyata pratIti hotI hai| isalie zabdo kI pravRtti kahI vyutpatti ke nimitta kI apekSA kiye vinA mAtra rUr3hi se hotI hai, kahI sAmAnya.vyutpatti-kI-apekSAse aura kahIM tatkAlavartI vyutpatti kI apekSA se| isalie vaiyAkaraNa zabda meM niyata artha kA Agraha karate haiM, vaha satya nahIM hai| ekAntavAda : pratyakSajJAna kA viparyaya jaise parokSa-jJAna viparIta yA mithyA hotA hai, vaise pratyakSa jJAna bhI viparIta yA mithyA ho sakatA hai| aisA hone kA kAraNa ekAnta-vAdI dRSTikoNa hai| kaI bAla-tapasviyo (ajJAna pUrvaka tapa karane vAloM) ko tapovala se pratyakSazAna kA lAbha hotA hai| ve ekAntavAdI dRSTi se use viparyaya yA mithyA rUpa se pariNata kara lete haiN| usake sAta nidarzana batalAe gae haiM : (1) eka-dizi-lokAbhigamavAda (2) paJca dizi-lokAbhigamavAda (3) jIva-kriyAvaraNa-vAda (4) muyagga pudgala jIvavAda (5) amuyagga pudgala-viyukta jIvavAda (6) jIva-rUpi-vAda (7) sarva-jIvavAda . eka dizA ko pratyakSa jAna sake, vaisA pratyakSa jJAna kisI ko mile aura vaha aisA siddhAnta sthApita kare ki vasa lokaitanA hI hai aura "loka saba dizAo meM hai, jo yaha kahate haiM vaha mithyA hai-yaha eka-dizi-lokAbhigamavAda hai| pAMca dizAtrI ko pratyakSa jAnane vAlA vizva ko utanA mAnya karatA hai 'aura eka dizA meM hI loka hai, jo yaha kahate haiM vaha mithyA hai-yaha paJcadizi lokAmigama vAda hai|

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jaina darzana meM pramANa maumAMsA [177 jIva kI kriyA ko sAkSAt dekhatA hai para kriyA ke hetu bhUta karma paramANuoM ko sAkSAt nahIM dekha pAtA, isalie vaha aisA siddhAnta sthApita karatA hai"jIva niyA prerita hI hai, kriyA hI usakA AvaraNa hai| jo loga kriyA ko ma nhate haiM, vaha mithyA hai-yaha jIva kriyA varaNavAda hai| __ devoM ke gahya aura brAbhyantara pudagalI kI sahAyatA se mAMti-bhAti ke rUpa dekha jo isa prakAra socatA hai ki jIva pudagala-rUpa hI hai| jo loga kahate haiM ki jIva pudgala-spa nahIM hai, vaha mithyA hai- yaha mubaggapudgala jIvavAda hai| devoM ke dvArA nirmita vividha spA ko dekhatA hai kintu vAhyAbhyantara pudgaloM ke dvArA unhe nirmita hote nahIM dekha paataa| vaha socatA hai ki jIva kA zarIra vAhya aura zrAbhyantara pudgaloM se racita nahIM hai jo loga kahate haiM ki nIva kA zarIra vAhya aura Abhyantara pudgaloM se racita hai, vaha mithyA haiyaha amuyamA pudgala vidyuktanIvavAda hai| devoM ko vikriyAtmaka zakti ke dvArA nAnA nIva-tpI kI sRSTi karate dekha jo socatA hai ki jIva mUrta hai aura jo loga jIva ko amUrta kahate haiM, vaha mithyA hai--yaha jIva-rUpi vAda hai| sUkSma vAyu kAya ke pudgalA meM ejana, vyejana, calana, kSobha, spandana, ghaTTana, udIrapa Adi vividha mAvoM meM pariNamana hote dekha vaha socatA hai ki saba nIva hI jIva haiN| jo zramaNa jIva aura ajIva-ye do vimAga karate haiM, vaha mithyA hai-jiname ejana yAvat vividha bhAvo kI pariNati hai, unameM se kevala pRthvI, pAnI, agni aura vAyu ko jIva mAnanA aura zepa (gatizIla tatvo) ko nIva na mAnanA mithyA hai yaha sarva jIva bAda hai 511

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ATha 179-166 nikSepa zabda-prayoga kI prakriyA nAma-nikSepa sthApanA-nikSepa dravya-nikSepa bhAva-nikSepa naya aura nikSepa nikSepa kA AdhAra nikSepa-paddhati kI upayogitA

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zabda prayoga ko prakriyA saMsArI jIvo kA samUcA vyavahAra padArthAzrita hai | padArtha aneka haiN| una savakA vyavahAra eka sAtha nahI hotA / ve apanI paryAya me pRthak-pRthaka hote haiN| unakI pahicAna bhI pRthak-pRthak honI caahie| yaha eka bAta hai| dUsarI vAta hai-manuSya kA vyavahAra sahayogI hai| manuSya karatA aura karAtA hai, detA hai aura letA hai, sIkhatA hai aura sikhAtA hai| padArtha ke binA kriyA nahI hotI, dena-lena nahI hotA, sIkhanA-sikhAnA bhI nahIM hotaa| isa vyavahAra kA sAdhana caahie| usake vinA "kyA kare, kyA de, kise jAne" isakA koI samAdhAna nahIM miltaa| ina samasyAoM ko sulajhAne ke lie saketa-paddhati kA vikAsa huaa| zabda aura artha paraspara sApekSa mAne jAne lge| __ svarUpa kI dRSTi se padArtha aura zabda meM koI apanApana nhii| dono apanI-apanI sthiti meM svatantra haiN| kintu ukta samasyAoM ke samAdhAna ke lie dono ekatA kI zRGkhalA meM jur3e hue haiN| inakA Apasa meM vAcyavAcaka sambandha hai| yaha bhinnAbhinna hai| ani zabda ke uccAraNa se dAha nahIM hotA, isase hama jAna sakate haiM ki 'agni padArtha' aura 'agmi zabda' eka nahI haiN| ye dono sarvathA eka nahIM haiM, aisA bhI nhiiN| abhi zabda se agni padArtha kA hI jJAna hotA hai| isase hama jAna sakate haiM ki ina dono meM ameda bhI hai| bheda svabhAva-kRta hai aura ameda saketa-kRta / saketa ina donoM ke bhAgya ko eka sUtra meM jor3a detA hai| isase artha meM 'zabda zeyatA' nAmaka paryAya aura zabda meM 'artha-jJApakatA' nAmaka paryAya kI abhivyakti hotI hai| saketa-kAla meM jisa vastu ke bodha ke lie jo zabda gaDhA jAtA hai vaha vahIM rahe, taba koI samasyA nahI aatii| kintu aisA hotA nhiiN| vaha Age calakara apanA kSetra vizAla banA letA hai| usase phira ulajhana paidA hotI hai aura vaha zabda iSTa artha kI jAnakArI dene kI kSamatA kho baiThatA hai| isa samasyA kA samAdhAna pAne ke lie nikSepa paddhati hai| nikSepa kA artha hai-"prastuta artha kA bodha dene vAlI zabda racanA yA

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12] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsa artha kA zabda meM Aropa ' " aprastuta artha ko dUra rakha kara prastuta artha kA bodha karAnA isakA phala hai| yaha saMzaya aura viparyaya ko dUra kiye detA hai| vistAra meM jAeM to kahanA hogA ki vastu-vinyAsa ke jitane krama haiM, utane hI nikSepa haiN| saMkSepa meM kama se kama cAra to avazya hote haiM-(1) nAma (2) sthApanA (3) dravya (1) mAva / nAma nikSepa vastu kA icchAnumAra nAma rakhA jAtA hai, vaha nAma nikSepa hai / nAma sArthaka (jaise 'indra') yA nirarthaka (jaise 'Ditya'), mUla artha se sApekSa yA nirapekSa donoM prakAra kA ho sakatA hai| kintu jo nAmakaraNa sirpha saMktamAtra se hotA hai, jisameM jAti, dravya, guNa, kriyA Adi kI apekSA nahIM hotI, vahI 'nAma nikSepa hai / eka anakSara vyakti kA nAma 'adhyApaka rakha diyaa| eka garIba AdamI kA nAma 'indra' rakha diyaa| adhyApaka aura indra kA jo artha honA cAhie, vaha unameM nahIM milatA, isalie ye nAma nikSipta kahalAte haiN| una donoM meM ina donoM kA Aropa kiyA jAtA hai| 'adhyApaka' kA artha hai-par3hAne vaalaa| 'indra' kA artha hai-parama aishvryshaalii| jo adhyApaka hai, jo adhyApana karAtA hai, use 'adhyApaka kahA jAe, yaha nAma-nikSepa nhiiN| jo parama aizvarya sampanna hai, use 'indra' kahA jAe-yaha nAma-nikSepa nhiiN| kintu jo aise nahIM, unakA aisA nAmakaraNa karanA nAma nikSepa hai| 'nAma-adhyApaka' aura 'nAma-indra aisI zabda racanA hameM batAtI hai ki ye vyakti nAma se 'adhyApaka' aura 'indra hai| no adhyApana karAte haiM aura jo parama aizvarya-sampanna haiM aura unakA nAma bhI adhyApaka aura indra haiM to hama unako 'bhAva-adhyApaka' aura 'bhAva indra' khege| yadi nAma-nikSepa nahIM hotA to hama 'adhyApaka' aura 'indra aisA nAma sunate hI yaha samajha lene ko vAdhya hote ki amuka vyakti par3hAtA hai aura amuka vyakti aizvarya sampanna hai| kintu saMjJAsUcaka zabda ke pIche nAma vizeSaNa lagate hI sahI sthiti sAmane zrA jAtI hai| sthApanA-nikSepa bo artha tadpa nahIM hai, use tadpa mAna lenA sthApanA-nikSepa hai /

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jaina darzana meM pramANa bhImAsA [13 sthApanA do prakAra kI hotI hai-(1) sadbhAva (tadAkAra) sthApanA (2) asadbhAva (atadAkAra) sthaapnaa| eka vyakti apane guru ke citra ko guru mAnatA hai, yaha sadbhAva-sthApanA hai| eka vyakti ne zaMkha meM apane guru kA Aropa kara diyA, yaha asadbhAva-sthApanA hai / nAma aura sthApanA donoM vAstavika artha zUnya hote haiN| dravya-nikSepa atIta-avasthA, bhaviSyat-avasthA aura anuyoga-dazA-ye tIno vivakSita kriyA meM pariNata nahI hote| isalie inhe dravya-nikSepa kahA jAtA hai| bhAva-zanyatA vartamAna-paryAya kI zanyatA ke uparAnta bhI jo vartamAna paryAya se pahacAnA jAtA hai, yahI isame dravyatA kA Aropa hai| bhAva-nikSepa vAcaka dvArA saMketita kriyA meM pravRtta vyakti ko bhAva-nikSepa kahA jAtA hai / inameM (dravya aura bhAva nikSepa meM ) zabda vyavahAra ke nimitta jAna aura kriyA-ye donoM banate haiN| isalie inake do-do bheTa hote haiM(1,2) jAnane vAlA dravya aura bhAva / (3,4) karane vAlA dravya aura bhAva / jJAna kI do dazAeM hotI haiM-(1) upyog-dttcitttaa| (2) anupayoga-dattacittatA kA abhAva / adhyApaka zabda kA artha jAnane vAlA usake artha meM upayukta (dattacitta) nahIM hotaa| isalie vaha Agama yA jAnane vAle kI apekSA dravya-nikSepa hai| adhyApaka zabda kA artha jAnatA thA, usakA zarIra 'ja-zarIra' kahalAtA hai aura use Age jAnegA, usakA zarIra bhavya-zarIra' ye bhUta aura bhAvI paryAya ke kAraNa hai, isalie dravya hai| __vastu kI upakAraka sAmagrI meM vastuvAcI zabda kA vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai, vaha 'tad-vyatirikta' kahalAtA hai| jaise adhyApaka ke zarIra ko adhyApaka vahanA athavA adhyApaka kI adhyApana ke samaya hone vAlI hanta-sapheta Adi kriyA ko adhyApaka khnaa| 'ja-zarIra meM adhyApaka zabda kA artha jAnane

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184] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsA vAle vyakti kA zarIra apekSita hai aura tad-vyatirikta meM adhyApaka kA shriir| (1) jJAtA . anupayukta...Agama se dravya-nikSepa / (2) jJAtA kA mRtaka zarIra.. no-pAgama se mRta-jJa zarIra-dravya nikSepa / (3) bhAvI paryAya kA upAdAna...no Agama se bhAvI-ja-zarIra-dravyanikSepa / (4) padArtha se sambandhita vastu meM padArtha kA vyavahAra no-Agama se tadvyatirikta-vya-nikSepa / (jaise vastra ke kartA va vastra-nirmANa kI sAmagrI ko vastra kahanA) Agama-dravya-nikSepa meM upayogarUpa Agama-jJAna nahI hotA, labdhi rUpa (zakti rUpa) hotA hai| no-Agama dravyo meM dono prakAra kA Agama-jAna nahIM hotA, 'sirpha Agama-jJAna kA kAraNabhUta zarIra hotA hai| no-Agama tad vyatirikta meM Agama kA sarvathA abhAva hotA hai| yaha kriyA kI apekSA dravya hai| isake tIna rUpa banate haiM : laukika, kuprAvacanika, lokottara / (1) loka mAnyatAnusAra 'dUba' magala hai / (2) kuprAvacanika mAnyatAnusAra 'vinAyaka' maMgala hai / (3) lokottara mAnyatAnusAra 'jJAna, darzana, cAritra rUpa dharma' maMgala hai| 1-jJAtA upayukta (adhyApaka zabda ke artha meM upayukta Agama se maav"nikssep)| 2-jAtA kriyA pravRtta (adhyApana kriyA meM pravRtta) no-pAgama se bhaavnikssep| yahA~ 'no' zabda mizravAcI hai, kriyA ke eka deza meM jJAna hai| isake bhI tIna rUpa banate haiM : (1) laukika (2) kuprAvanika (3) lokocara no-Agama tada-vyatirikta dravya ke laukika Adi tIna bheda aura

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA 15 no-Agama bhAva ke tIna rUpa banate haiN| inameM yaha antara hai ki dravya me no zabda sarvathA Agama kA niSedha batAtA hai aura bhAva eka deza meM / dravya-tadvyatirikta kA kSetra sirpha kriyA hai aura isakA kSetra jJAna aura kriyA dono haiN| adhyApana karAne vAlA hAtha hilAtA hai, pustaka ke panne ulaTatA hai, isa kriyAtmaka deza meM zAna nahIM hai aura vaha jo par3hAtA hai, usameM jJAna hai, isalie mAva meM 'no zabda' dezaniSedhavAcI hai| nikSepa ke sabhI prakAro kI sava dravyo me sagati hotI hai, aisA niyama nahI hai| isalie jinakI ucita saMgati ho, unhI kI karanI caahie| __padArtha mAtra catuSparyAyAtmaka hotA hai| koI bhI vastu kevala nAmamaya, kevala AkAramaya, kevala dravyatA-zliSTa aura kevala bhAvAtmaka nahIM hotii| nikSepa nAma sthApanA dravya tadAkAra atadAkAra Agama notrAgama laukika kumAvanika lokottara sa-zarIra bhavya-zarIra tadvyatirikta laukika kumAvanika lokottara naya aura nikSepa __naya aura nikSepa kA viSaya-viSayI sambandha hai| vAcya aura vAcaka kA sambandha tathA usakI kriyA naya se jAnI jAtI hai| nAmAdi tIna nikSepa dravya-naya ke viSaya haiM, bhAva paryAya naya kaa| dravyArthika naya kA viSaya dravyaanvaya hotA hai| nAma, sthApanA aura dravya kA sambandha cIna kAla se hotA hai, isalie ye dravyArthika ke viSaya banate haiN| bhAva meM anvaya nahI hotA / usakA sambandha kevala vartamAna-paryAya se hotA hai, isalie vaha paryAyArthika kA viSaya banatA hai|

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166 jaina darzana me pramANa momAso nikSepa kA AdhAra nikSepa kA AdhAra pradhAna-apradhAna, kalpita aura akalpita dRSTi-vindu haiN| bhAva akalpita dRSTi hai| isalie vaha pradhAna hotA hai| zepa tIna nikSepa kalpita hote haiM, isalie ve apradhAna hote haiN| ___ nAma meM pahicAna aura sthApanA meM AkAra kI bhAvanA hotI hai, guNa kI vRtti nahIM hotii| dravya mUla-vastu kI pUrvottara dazA yA usase sambandha rakhane vAlI anya vastu hotI hai| imameM bhI maulikatA nahIM hotii| isalie ye tIno maulika nahIM hote| nikSepa paddhati kI upayogitA nikSepa bhASA aura bhAva kI sagati hai / ise samajhe vinA mApA ke prAstAvika artha ko nahI samajhA jA sktaa| artha-sUcaka zabda ke pIche artha kI sthiti ko spaSTa karane vAlA jo vizeSaNa lagatA hai, yahI isakI vizeSatA hai| ise 'sa-vizepaNa bhASA-prayoga' bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| artha kI sthiti ke anurUpa hI zabda-racanA yA zabda prayoga kI zikSA vANI-satya kA mahAn tattva hai| adhika abhyAsa-dazA meM vizeSaNa kA prayoga nahIM bhI kiyA jAtA hai, kintu vaha antarhita avazya rahatA hai.. yadi isa apekSA dRSTi ko dhyAna meM na rakhA jAe to paga-paga para mithyA bhASA kA prasaga A sakatA hai| jo kabhI adhyApana karatA thA, vaha Aja bhI adhyApaka hai-yaha asatya ho sakatA hai aura bhrAmaka bhii| isalie nikSepa dRSTi kI apekSA nahI mulAnI caahie| yaha vidhi jitanI gamIra hai, utanI hI vyAvahArika hai| nAma-eka nirdhana AdamI kA nAma 'indra' hotA hai / sthApanA-eka pASANa kI pratimA ko bhI loga 'indra' mAnate haiN| dravya-jo kabhI ghI kA ghar3A rahA, vaha Aja bhI 'ghI kA ghar3A' kahA jAtA hai| jo ghI kA ghar3A banegA, vaha ghI kA ghar3A kahalAtA hai| eka vyakti Ayurveda me niSNAta hai, vaha abhI vyApAra meM lagA huA hai phira bhI loga use Ayurveda-niSNAta kahate haiN| bhautika aizvarya vAlA loka meM 'indra' kahalAtA hai| zrAtma-saMpat kA adhikArI lokottara jagat meM "indra" kahalAtA hai / isa samUce vyavahAra kA kAraNa nikSepa-paddhati hI hai|

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187-192 sue. A lakSaNa svabhAva dharma-lakSaNa Avayava-lakSaNa avasthA-lakSaNa lakSaNa ke do rUpa lakSaNa ke tIna doSa lakSaNA-bhAsa lakSaNA bhAsa ke udAharaNa varNana aura lakSaNa meM bheda

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lakSaNa samayaM vastuno rUpaM, pramANena pramIyate / asaGkIrNa svarUpaM hi, lakSaNenAvadhAryate // artha-siddhi ke do sAdhana hai-lakSaNa aura pramANa / pramANa ke dvArA vastu ke svarUpa kA nirNaya hotA hai / lakSaNa nizcita svarUpa vAlI vastuoM ko preNIbaddha karatA hai| pramANa hamArA jJAnagata dharma hai, lakSaNa vastugata dharma / yaha jagat anekavidha padArthoM se sakula hai| hame unameM se kisI eka kI apekSA hotI hai, tava use auroM se pRthak karane ke lie vizeSa-dharma batAnA par3atA hai, vaha lakSaNa hai / lakSaNa meM lakSya-vastu ke svabhAva dharma, avayava athavA avasthA kA ullekha honA caahie| isake dvArA hama ThIka lakSya ko pakar3ate haiM, isalie ise vyavachedaka (vyAvartaka ) dharma kahate haiN| vyavachedaka dharma vaha hotA hai jo vastu kI svatantra sattA (asaMkIrNa vyavasthA) btlaae| svatantra padArtha vaha hotA hai, jisameM eka vizeSa guNa (dUsare padArtho me na milane vAlA guNa) mile| svabhAvadharma : lakSaNa caitanya jIva kA svabhAva dharma hai| vaha jIva kI svatantra sattA sthApita karatA hai, isalie vaha jIva kA guNa hai ora vaha hame jIva ko ajIva se pRthak samajhane meM sahAyatA detA hai, isalie vaha jIva kA lakSaNa vana jAtA hai| avayava-lakSaNa sAsnA (galakambala ) gAya kA avayava vizeSa hai| vaha gAya ke hI hotA hai aura pazuoM ke nahI hotA, isalie vaha gAya kA lakSaNa bana jAtA hai| jo AdamI gAya ko nahIM jAnatA use hama 'sAsnA ciha' samajhA kara gAya kA jAna karA sakate haiN| avasthA-lakSaNa dasa AdamI jA rahe haiN| unameM se eka AdamI ko bulAnA hai| jise bulAnA hai, usake hAtha meM DaNDA hai| AvAja huI-"DaNDe vAle zrAdamI !

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190 jaina darzana me pramANa mImAsAM aao|" dasa meM se eka A jAtA hai| isakA kAraNa usakI eka vizeSa avasthA hai| avasthA-lakSaNa sthAyI nahIM hotaa| DaNDA hara samaya usake pAsa nahIM rhtaa| isalie ise kAdAcitka lakSaNa kahA jAtA hai| isakA dUsarA nAma anAtmabhUta lakSaNa bhI hai| kucha samaya ke lie bhale hI, kintu yaha vastu kA vyavacheda karatA hai, isalie ise lakSaNa mAnane meM koI Apatti nahI aatii| ___ pahale do prakAra ke lakSaNa sthAyI (vastugata ) hote haiM, isalie unhe 'AtmabhUta' kahA jAtA hai| lakSaNa ke do rUpa viSaya ke grahaNa kI apekSA se lakSaNa ke do rUpa banate hai-pratyakSa aura parokSa / tApa ke dvArA ani kA pratyakSa jJAna hotA hai, isalie 'tApa agni kA pratyakSa lakSaNa hai| dhUma ke dvArA agni kA parokSa jJAna hotA hai, isalie 'dhUma' agni kA parokSa lakSaNa hai| lakSaNa ke tIna doSa-lakSaNAmAsa kisI vastu kA lakSaNa banAte samaya hame tIna bAtoM kA vizeSa dhyAna rakhanA caahie| lakSaNa (1) zreNI ke saba padAthoM meM honA caahie| , (2) zreNI ke vAhara nahI honA cAhie / , (3) zreNI ke lie asambhava nahI honA caahie| lakSaNAbhAsa ke udAharaNa (1) "pazu sIga vAlA hotA hai"-yahA~ pazu kA lakSaNa sIMga hai| yaha lakSaNa pazu jAti ke sava sadasyo me nahI miltaa| "ghor3A eka pazu hai kintu usake sIMga nahI hote" isalie yaha 'anyAta doSa' hai| (2) "vAyu calane vAlI hotI hai| isameM vAyu kA lakSaNa gati hai| yaha vAyu meM pUrNa rUpa se milatA hai kintu vAyu ke atirikta dUsarI vastuoM me bhI milatA hai| "ghor3A vAyu nahI, phira bhI vaha calatA hai| isalie yaha 'ativyAta dopa' hai|

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [191 (3) pudgala (bhUta ) caitanyavAna hotA hai yaha jar3a padArtha kA 'asambhava lakSaNa hai| jar3a aura cetana kA atyantAbhAva hotA hai--kisI bhI samaya jar3a cetana aura cetana jar3a nahI bana sktaa| varNana aura lakSaNa meM bheda ___ vastu meM do prakAra ke dharma hote haiM svabhAva-dharma aura svbhaav-siddh-dhrm| prANI jJAna vAlA hotA hai-yaha prANI nAmaka vastu kA svabhAva dharma hai| prANI vaha hotA hai, jo khAtA hai, pItA hai, calatA hai ye usake svabhAva-siddha dharma haiN| 'jJAna' prANI ko aprANI varga se pRthak karatA hai, isalie vaha prANI kA lakSaNa hai| khAnA, pInA, calanA-ye prANI ko aprANI varga se pRthak nahI karate-Ijina ( Engine) mI khAtA hai, pItA hai, calatA hai, isalie ye prANI. kA lakSaNa nahI karate, sirpha varNana karate haiN|

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dasaM 193-200 kAryakAraNavAda kAraNa-kArya vividha-vicAra kAraNa-kArya jAnane kI paddhati pariNayana ke hetu

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kAryakAraNavAda asat kA prAdurbhAva yaha bhI artha-siddhi kA eka rUpa hai| nyAya-zAstra asat ke prAdurbhAva kI prakriyA nahIM batAtA kintu asat se sat vanatA hai yA nahI-isakI mImAMsA karatA hai| isI kA nAma kAryakAraNavAda hai| ___ vastu kA jaise sthUla rUpa hotA hai, vaise hI sUkSma rUpa bhI hotA hai / sthUla rUpa ko samajhane ke lie hama sthUla satya yA vyavahAra dRSTi ko kAma meM lete haiN| mizrI kI DalI ko hama sapheda kahate haiN| yaha cInI se banatI hai, yaha bhI kahate haiN| aba nizcaya kI bAta dekhie| nizcaya dRSTi ke anusAra usameM saba raMga haiN| vizleSaNa karate-karate hama yahA~ A jAte haiM ki vaha paramANuo se banI hai| ye dono dRSTiyAM mila satya ko pUrNa banAtI haiN| jaina kI bhASA meM ye 'nizcaya aura vyavahAra naya' kahalAtI haiM / vauddha darzana meM inhe-lokasaMvRti satya aura paramArtha-satya kahA jAtA hai / zaMkarAcArya meM brahma ko paramArtha-satya aura prapaMca ko vyavahAra satya mAnA hai / pro0 AinsTIna ke anusAra satya ke do rUpa kie binA hama use chU hI nahIM sakate haiN| nizcaya-dRSTi ameda-pradhAna hotI hai, vyavahAra-dRSTi meda-pradhAna / nizcaya dRSTi ke anusAra jIva ziva hai aura ziva jIva hai / jIva aura ziva meM koI bheda nhiiN| __vyavahAra dRSTi karma-baddha AtmA ko jIva kahatI hai aura karma-mukta AtmA ko shiv| kAraNa-kArya pratyeka padArtha me pala-pala pariNamana hotA hai| pariNamana se paurvAparya AtA hai| pahale vAlA kAraNa aura pIche vAlA kArya kahalAtA hai| yaha kAraNa-kArya-bhAva eka hI padArtha kI dvirUpatA hai / pariNamana ke bAharI nimitta bhI kAraNa banate haiN| kintu unakA kArya ke sAtha pahale-pIche koI sambandha nahIM hotA, sirpha kArya-niSpatti kAla meM hI unakI apekSA rahatI hai| pariNamana ke do pahalU haiM :-utpAda aura nAza / kArya kA utpAda hotA

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196] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA hai aura kAraNa kA nAza / kAraNa hI apanA rUpa tyAga kara kArya ko rUpa detA hai, isIlie kAraNa ke anurUpa hI kArya kI utpatti kA niyama hai| sat se sat paidA hotA hai / sat asat nahI banatA aura asat sat nahIM bntaa| jo kArya jisa kAraNa se utpanna hogA, vaha usI se hogA, kisI dUsare se nahIM / aura kAraNa bhI jise utpanna karatA hai usI ko karegA, kisI dUsare ko nhiiN| eka kAraNa se eka hI kArya utpanna hogaa| kAraNa aura kArya kA ghaniSTha sambandha hai, isIlie kArya se karaNa kA aura kAraNa se kArya kA anumAna kiyA jAtA hai / eka kArya ke aneka kAraNa aura eka kAraNa se aneka kArya baneM yAni bahu-kAraNavAda yA bahu-kAryavAda mAnA jAe to kAraNa se kArya kA aura kArya se kAraNa kA anumAna nahI ho sktaa| vividha vicAra kArya-kAraNavAda ke bAre meM bhAratIya darzana kI aneka dhArAe hai-nyAyavaizeSika kAraNa ko sat aura kArya ko asat mAnate haiM, isalie unakA kAryakAraNa-vAda 'zrArambhavAda yA asat-kAryavAda' kahalAtA hai| sAMkhya kArya aura kAraNa donoM ko sat mAnate haiM, isalie unakI vicAradhArA-'pariNAmavAda yA sat kAryavAda' kahalAtI hai| vedAntI kAraNa ko sat aura kArya ko asat mAnate haiM, isalie unake vicAra ko "vivarttavAda yA sat-kAraNavAda" kahA jAtA hai| vauddha asat se sat kI utpatti mAnate haiM, ise 'pratItyasamutpAda' kahA jAtA hai| bauddha asat kAraNa se sat kArya mAnate haiM, usa sthiti meM vedAntI satkAraNa se asat kArya mAnate haiN| unake matAnusAra vAstava meM kAraNa aura kArya eka rUpa hoM, taba donoM sat hote haiM / kArya aura kAraNa ko pRthak mAnA jAe, tava kAraNa sat aura AbhAsita kArya asat hotA hai| isI kA nAma "vivartavAda' hai| (1) kArya aura kAraNa sarvathA bhinna nahIM hote| kAraNa kArya kA hI pUrva * 'rUpa hai aura kArya kAraNa kA uttrsp| asat kAravAda ke anusAra kArya,

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsA 157 kAraNa eka hI satya ke do pahalU na hokara dono svatantra bana jAte haiN| isalie yaha yukti saMgata nahI hai| (2) sat-kAryavAda bhI ekAMgI hai| kArya aura kAraNa meM abheda hai . sahI kintu ve sarvathA eka nahIM hai| pUrva aura uttara sthiti meM pUrNa sAmajasya nahIM hotaa| (3) asat kAraNa se kArya utpanna ho to kArya-kAraNa kI vyavasthA nahIM vntii| kArya kisI zUnya se utpanna nahIM hotA / sarvathA abhUtapUrva va sarvathA nayA bhI utpanna nahIM hotaa| kAraNa sarvathA miTa jAe, usa dazA meM kArya kA koI rUpa vanatA hI nhiiN| (4) vivarta pariNAma se bhinna kalpanA upasthita karatA hai| vartamAna avasthA tyAgakara rUpAntarita honA pariNAma hai| dudha-dahI ke rUpa me pariNata hotA hai, yaha pariNAma hai| vivarta apanA rUpa tyAge binA mithyA pratIti kA kAraNa banatA hai| rassI apanA rUpa tyAga kiye binA hI mithyA pratIti kA kAraNa vanatI hai / tattva-cintana me 'vivarta' gambhIra mUlya upasthita nahI krtaa| rassI meM saoNpa kA pratibhAsa hotA hai, usakA kAraNa rassI nahI, draSTA kI doSapUrNa sAmagrI hai| eka kAla meM eka vyakti ko doSapUrNa sAmagrI ke kAraNa mithyA pratIti ho sakatI hai kintu sarvadA saba vyaktiyo ko mithyA pratIti hI nahI hotii| ___ nyAya-vaizeSika kArya-kAraNa kA ekAnta bheda svIkAra karate haiM / sAMkhya dvaitaparaka abheda'", vedAnta atiparaka abheda", bauddha kArya-kAraNa kA bhinna kAla svIkAra karate hai / __ jaina-dRSTi ke anusAra kArya-kAraNa rUpa me sat aura kArya rUpa me asat hotA hai| ise sat-asat kAryavAda yA pariNAmi-nityatvavAda kahA jAtA hai| nizcaya-dRSTi ke anusAra kArya aura kAraNa eka hai-abhinna hai| kAla aura avasthA ke meda se pUrva aura uttara rUpa meM parivartita eka hI vastu ko nizcaya: dRSTi bhinna nahIM maantii| vyavahAra dRSTi meM kArya aura kAraNa bhinna haiM-do haiN| dravya-dRSTi se jaina sat-kAryavAdI hai aura paryAya dRSTi se asat kAryavAdI / . . dravya-dRSTi kI apekSA "bhAva kA nAza aura abhAva kA utpAda nahIM hotA."

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198] jaina darzana meM pramANa momAsAM paryAya dRSTi kI apekSA-"sat kA vinAza aura asat kA utpAda hotA hai 14 // kAraNa-kArya jAnane kI paddhati kAraNa-kArya kA sambandha jAnane kI paddhati ko anvaya-vyatireka paddhati kahA jAtA hai| jisake hone para hI jo hotA hai, vaha ancaya hai aura jisake vinA jo nahI hotA, vaha vyatireka hai-ye dono jahA~ mile, vahA~ kArya-kAraNa bhAva jAnA jAtA hai| pariNamana ke hetu jo parivartana kAla aura svabhAva se hI hotA hai, vaha svAbhAvika yA ahetuka kahalAtA hai| "pratyeka kArya kAraNa kA AbhArI hotA hai" yaha tarkaniyama sAmAnyataH sahI hai kintu svabhAva isakA apavAda hai| isIlie utpAda ke do rUpa banate hai : (1) sva-pratyaya-niSpanna, vainasika yA svApekSa parivartana / (2) para-pratyaya-niSpanna, prAyogika yA parApekSa-parivartana / gautama.. bhagavAn ! (1) kyA astitva astitvarUpa meM pariNata hotA hai ? (2) nAstitva nAstitvarUpa meM pariNata hotA hai ? bhagavAn .. hA~, gautama ! hotA hai| gautama ..... bhagavan !! kyA (3) svabhAva se astitva, astitvarUpa meM pariNata hotA hai yA prayoga (jIvana-cyApAra ) se astitva astitva-rUpa meM pariNata hotA hai ? (v) kyA svabhAva se nAstitva nAstitva-rUpa meM pariNata hotA hai yA prayoga (jIvana-vyApAra) se nAstita nAstitva rUpa meM pariNata hotA hai ? ___ bhagavAn gautama ! svabhAva se bhI astitva astitvarUpa meM, nAstitva nAstitvarUpa meM pariNata hotA hai aura paramAva se bhI astitva astitvarupa meM aura nAstitva nAstitvalpa meM pariNata hotA hai| [bhaga0 1-3] vaibhAvika parivartana prAyaH para-nimitta se hI hotA hai| mRda-dravya kA piMDarUpa astitva kumhAra ke dvArA ghaTarUpa astitva meM pariNata hotA hai| miTTI kA nAstitva-tantu sasudaya, julAhe ke dvArA miTTI ke nAstitla kapar3e ke

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jaina darzana meM pramANa momAsA 196 rUpa meM pariNata hotA hai| ye dono parivartana prAyogika hai| megha ke pUrva rUpa padArtha svayaM megha ke rUpa meM parivartita hote haiM, yaha svAbhAvika yA akata ke parivartana hai| para-pratyaya se hone vAle parivartana meM kartA yA prayoktA kI apekSA rahatI hai, isalie vaha prAyogika kahalAtA hai| padArya meM jo aguru-laghu (sUkSmaparivartana) hotA hai, vaha paranimitta se nahIM hotA / pratyeka padArtha ananta guNa aura paryAyo kA piMDa hotA hai| usake guNa aura zaktiyA isalie nahIM bikharatI ki ve pratikSaNa apanA pariNamana kara samudita rahane kI kSamatA ko banAe rakhatI haiN| yadi unameM svAbhAvika parivartana kI kSamatA na ho to ve anantakAla taka apanA astitva banAe nahIM raha sktii| sAsArika AtmA aura pudgala ina do dravyoM meM rUpAntara dazAeM paidA hotI haiN| zeSa cAra dravyo (dharma, adharma) AkAza aura kAla) me nirapekSavRtyA svabhAva parivartana hI hotA hai| mukta AtmA me bhI yahI hotA hai| yoM kahanA cAhie ki sva nimitta parivartana saba meM hotA hai| nAza kI bhI yahI prakriyA hai| isake atirikta usake do rUparUpAntara aura arthAntara jo banate hai, unase yaha milatA hai ki rUpAntara hone para bhI parivartana kI maryAdA nahI TUTatI 11 tejas paramANu timira ke rUpa meM pariNata ho jAte haiM yaha rUpAntara hai, para svabhAva kI maryAdA kA atikramaNa nhiiN| tAtparya yaha hai ki parivartana apanI sImA ke antargata hI hotA hai| usase Age nhiiN| tejas paramANu asaMkhya yA ananta rUpa pA sakate haiM kintu caitanya nahI pA skte| kAraNa, vaha unakI maryAdA yA vastu-svarUpa se atyanta yA traikAlika bhinna guNa hai| yahI bAta arthAntara ke lie smjhie| ___ do sarIkhI vastueM alaga-alaga thI, taba taka ve do thii| dono milatI haiM, taba eka bana jAtI haiM | yaha mI apanI maryAdA meM hI hotA hai| kevala caitanyamaya yA kevala acaitanyamaya padArtha haiM nahI, aisA spaSTa bodha ho rahA hai| yaha jagat cetana aura jar3a-ina do padArthoM se paripUrNa hai| cetana jar3a aura jar3a cetana bana sake to koI vyavasthA nahIM bntii| isilae padArtha kA jo vizeSa svarUpa hai vaha kabhI naSTa nahIM hotaa| yahI kAraNa aura kArya ke avicchinna ekatva kI dhArA hai|

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200 jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsA mArksa ke dharma parivartana kI dvandvAtmaka prakriyA ke siddhAnta meM kArya-kAraNa kA nizcita niyama nahIM hai| vaha padArtha kA parivartana mAtra svIkAra nahIM krtaa| usakA sarvathA nAza aura sarvathA utpAda bhI svIkAra karatA hai| jo pahale thA, vaha Aja bhI hai aura sadA vaisA hI rahegA-ise vaha samAja ke vikAsa meM bhArI rukAvaTa mAnatA hai| 'saca to yaha hai ki 'jo pahale thA; vaha Aja bhI hai aura sadA vaisA hI rahegA'-"vAlI dhAraNA kA hame lagabhaga sava jagaha sAmanA karanA par3atA hai aura vyaktiyo aura samAja ke vikAsa meM bhArI rukAvaTa par3atI hai|" [mArksavAda pRSTha 72 ] kintu yaha AzaMkA kArya-kAraNa ke ekAMgI rUpa ko grahaNa karane kA pariNAma hai, jo thA, hai aura vaisA hI rahegA- yaha tattva ke astitva yAkAraNa kI vyAkhyA hai| kArya-kAraNa ke sambandha kI vyAkhyA meM padArtha pariNAma svabhAva hai| pUrvavattIM aura paravacI meM sambandha hue binA kAryakAraNa kI sthiti hI nahIM bntii| paravI pUrvavartI kA RNI hotA hai, pUrvavattI paravattI meM apanA saMskAra chor3a jAtA hai / yaha zabdAntara se 'pariNAmi-nityatva

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pariziSTa

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: eka: 1-nyAya zabda ke artha :(ka) niyama yukta vyavahAra nyAyAlaya Adi prayoga isI artha meM ___ hote haiN| (kha) prasiddha dRSTAnta ke sAtha dikhAyA jAne vAlA mAdRzya, jaise dehalI-dIpaka nyAya / (ga) artha kI prApti yA middhi / nyAya-zAstra meM 'nyAya' zabda kA tRtIya artha grAhya hai| 2-mitu nyAzaza 3-viruddhanAnAyuktiprAbalyadaurbalyAvadhAraNAya pravartamAno vicAraH priikssaa| -nyA0 dI0 pR08 . 4-bhikSu0 nyA. zaza 5-sthA0 101727 6-bhikSu0 nyA0 zA 7-bhikSu nyA. 103 -middhirasataH prAdurbhAvo'bhilapitaprAti bhv-jtishc| tatra jJApakaprakaraNAd asataH prAdurbhAvalakSaNA siddhirneha gRhyane / -pra0 ka0 ma0 pR05 6-(ka) aho mucaM vRSabhaM yaziyAna virAjanta prathamamadhvarANAm / apA na pAtamazvinA huvedhiya indriyeNa indriya dattamojaH / atharva kA124 arthAt - sampUrNa pApoM se mukta tathA ahiMsaka vRttiyoM ke prathama rAjA AdityasvarUpa zrI Rpabhadeva kA maiM zrAdAna karatA huuN| ve mujhe buddhi eva indriyoM ke sAtha vala pradAna kreN| (kha) bhAgavata svandha 5, 10 /

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204] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA (ga) iti ha sma sakalavedalokadevabrAhmaNagavA paramaguromagavata RSamAkhyasya vizuddhacaritamIritaM puMsaH samasta duzcaritAni haraNam / -bhAgavata skandha 528 (gha) dhamma0 -usamaM pavaraM vIraM (422) () jaina vAGmaya-jambUdvIpaprajJapti, Avazyaka, sthAnAGga, mamavAyAGga, __ kalpasUtra, triSaSTizalAkApuruSacarita / 10-icveiyaM duvAlasaMgaM gaNipiugaM na kayAi nAsI, na kayAi na bhavai, na kayAi na bhavissai, bhuviya, bhavai ya, bhavissai ya, dhuve, niyae, sAsae, akhae, anvae, avahie nicce|-060 11-upAyapratipAdanaparo vaakyprvndhH| -sthA. vR0 33186 12-sthA0 3232186 13-AkSepaNI, vikSepaNI, saMvedanI, nirvedanI-sthA raam|| 14-sthA0 412282 15-anu0| 16 sthA0 132 17-sthA0 66 18-bAharaNa heu kusale...pabhUdhammassa Aghavittae -AcA0 shaa| 16'sU0 11 // 20-sayaM-sayaM pasaMsaMtA, gahasaMtA paraMvayaM / jeu tattha viussaMti, saMsAre se viussiyA // -sU0 111-2-23 // 21-bahuguNappagappAI, kujjA attsmaahie| jeNanne No virujmejjA, teNa taM taM smaayre| sU0 zaza316 22-icceiyaM duvAlasaMgaM gaNipiDagaM tIe kAle aNaMtA jIvA ANAe ArA hittA cAurataM saMsArakatAraM viiiivii| iccaiyaM duvAlasaMgaM gaNipiDagaM . paDuppaNNakAle parittA jIvA ANAe ArAhitA cAurataM saMsArakaMtAraM viiiiviNsu| icceiya duvAlasaMga gaNipiDagaM aNAgae kAle ayaMtA jIvA ANAe ArAhittA cAuraMta saMsArakatAraM vIIvahassati |-nN. 57

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jaina darzana meM pramANa momAsA (205 23-(ka) tatra Agamyante paricchidyante arthA anena iti AgamaH / kevalamanaH paryAyA'vadhi puurvcturdshk-dshk-nvkruupH| bhaga0 0 88 (kha)- kevalamanapajjava nai avadhidharaM, caudapUrvadasa saar| navapUrvadhara e SaT vidha hai, dhura Agama vyavahAra ho|| -bhaga jor3a dAla 146 | 24-upacArAdA'ptavacanaM c| -pra. naM0 42 25-sahanvaM vA-bhaga0 89 26-upanne vA vigae vA dhuve vA / sthA 10 27-utta-286 28-se kiM taM pamANe ? pamANe caunvihe pannate, ta jahA pacakkhe, aNumANe uvame, Agame / jahA aNuyogadAre tahA NeyavvaM bhg05|3 26-vyavasAyo vastunirNayaH-nizcayaH sa ca pratyakSo'vadhi manaH paryAya phevlaakhyH| pratyayAt-indriyAnindriyalakSaNa-nimittAnAtaH prAtyayika : sAdhyam-agnyAdikamanugacchati sAdhyAbhAve na bhavati yo dhUmAdi hetuH so'nugAmI tato jAtamAnugAmikAm-anumAna tadapo vyavasAya anugAmika eveti athavA pratyakSaH svayaM drshnlkssnnH| prAtyayikaH AsavacanapramavaH / sthA0 331185 30-sthA 2 / 1171 31-sthA0 413 32-anu0 144 33-sthA0 43 34-sthA0 413 35-sthA0 413 36 sthA0 413 37-sthA0 10 38-sthA0 6 / 11512 36-magara, na0 2, rA0pra0 165 40 sthA0 rAza24

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206 ] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA 41 -- pratyakSeNAnumAnena, prasiddhArthaprakAzanAt / parasya tadupAyatvAt, parArthatvaM dvayorapi // -nyAya0 11 anumAnapratItaM pratyAyannevaM vacanamiti - agniratra dhUmAt / pratyakSapratItaM punardarzayannetAvad vakti-pazya rAjA gacchati / 42- pra0 na0 3 / 26-27.... 43 - lAbhuttiNa majjijjA, alAbhutti Na soejjA 44 -ta0 sU0 1-6 45 - grAmAntaropagatayo rekA miSasaGga jAtamatsarayoH / syAt sakhyamapi zuno rbhAtrorapi vAdino rna syAt // 1 // anyata eva zreyAn, anyata eva vicaranti vAdivRSAH / vAk saMrambhaH kvacidapi, na jagAda muniH zivopAyam // 7 // jJeyaH para siddhAntaH, svapakSabalanizcayopalabdhyartham / parapakSakSobhaNamabhyupetya paranigrahAbhyaMbasita 46-- sU0 113 / 3-16 47 - 'nAsya mayedamasadapi samarthanIyam ' - A - nyAya0 TIkA0 11 tu satAmanAcAraH // 10 // zcittaikAyyamupayAti yad vAdI / yadi tat syAd vairAgye, na cireNa zivaM padamupayAtu // 25 // 48 - sanma0 3166 46-sanma0 3 / 47 : do : -AcA0 3|1|126 ityevaM pratijJA vidyate iti pratijJaH - sU0 vR0 11313 14 "svasaMvittiH phalaM cAtra tad rUpAdarthanizyaH / -vAda0 dvA0 1 - ( ka ) nyA0 bi0 1116/20 (kha) bauddha ( sautrAntika) darzana ke anusAra jJAnagata arthAkAra (artha - grahaNa ) hI prAmANya hai, use sArUpya bhI kahA jAtA hai|

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA viSayAkAra evAsya, pramANa tena mIyate // " - pra0 samu0 pR00 24 pramANaM tu sAruNya, yogyatA vA - ta0 zlo0 13-44 2 tyA0 bha0 111 / 3 3 -nyAya0 1 4- mI0 zlo0 vA0 184 - 187 5- syA0 maM0 12 6 syA0 maM0 15 - 7 - dekhie basubaMdhukRta 'vizatikA 8- syA0 maM0 16 e- laghI 0 60 / 10- pa0 mu0 me0 11- pra0 na0 112za 12 - pramA0 mI0 1|3| 13 - bhikSu nyA0 1|11| 14 - sarva jJAna svApekSayA pramANameva, na pramANAbhAsam / bahirarthApekSayA tu kiMcit pramANa, kiMcit pramANAbhAsam // 15 -- prameya nAnyathA gRhNAtIti yathArthatvamasya 16 -- tattvA0 zlo0 175/ [ 207 17 sanma0 pR0 614 | 18 -- tattvA0 zlo0 pR0 175 / 16- ( ka ) pra0 na0 ra0 1-2 | ( kha ) pramA0 mI0 / -pra0 na0 1|16 - bhikSu0 nyA0 1-11| 1 20- pra0 na0 1120 / 21 - bhikSu nyA0 116 // 22 -- ayaJca vibhAgaH viSayApekSayA, svarUpe tu sarvatra svata eva prAmANya nizcayaH - zA0 vi0 23- bhikSu nyA0 1113 //

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20%j jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA 24-rassI meM sAMpa kA jJAna hotA hai, vaha vAstava meM jJAna-dvaya kA milita rUpa hai / rassI kA pratyakSa aura sAMpa kI smRti / draSTA indriya Adi ke doSa se pratyakSa aura smRti viveka-bheTa ko bhUla jAtA hai, yahI 'akhyAti yA vivekAkhyAti' hai| 25-rassI meM jisa sarpa kA jJAna hotA hai, vaha sat bhI nahIM hai, asat bhI nahI hai, sat-asat bhI nahIM hai, isalie 'anirvacanIya-sadasat vilakSaNa hai| vedAntI kisI bhI jJAna ko nirviSaya nahIM mAnate, isalie inakI dhAraNA hai ki bhrama-zAna meM eka aisA padArtha utpanna hotA hai, jisake bAre meM kucha kahA nahIM jA sktaa| 26-jJAna-rUpa Antarika padArya kI bAhya rUpa meM pratIti hotI hai, yAnI mAnasika vijJAna hI bAhara sarpAkAra meM pariNata ho jAtA hai, yaha 'AtmakhyAti hai| 27-draSTA indriya Adi ke doSa vaza rassI meM pUrvAnubhUta sA~pa ke guNo kA aAropaNa karatA hai, isalie use rassI sarpAkAra dIkhane lagatI hai| isa prakAra rassI kA sA~pa ke rUpa meM jo grahaNa hotA hai, vaha 'viparIta khyAti' hai| 28-mittu nyA0 214 / 26-mitu0 nyA0 za15 // 30-anadhyavasAyastAvat sAmAnyamAnayAhitvena avagrahe antarbhavati / -vi0 mA. vR0 gAthA0 317 31-karmavazavartitvena AtmanastajjJAnasya ca vicitratvAt / -nyA0 patra 177 // 32-bhaga0 jor3a za668...51 se 54 / 33-prajJA0 23 34-prajJA0 22 35-pra. na. rANa

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [209 36-(ka) avyaktabodhasazayA'sarvArthagrahaNAni cAvaraNazIlanAnAvaragakarma sdbhaavaadbhyupeyaani| -ta0 mA0 TI0 rA pR0 151 (kha) AvArakatvasvabhAva jJAnAvaraNa karmasadabhAvenAvyaktabodhasaMzayodabhAvA zeSa viSayAgrahaNAnyAyavirUddhAni...| nyA0 patra 177 / 37-sAcI saradhA bhAkhI jaganAtha, te Udho saradhyA Avai mithyAta / aura UMdho saradhanI Avai, to jhUTha lAgai piNa saradhA na jaavai| -i0 cau0 7-6 / 38-prajJA0 23 36-anu0 126 / 40-dharma meM adharma-saMjJA, adharma meM dharma-sajJA aadi|-bhg0 jor3a 14 / 2 / 41-azAnI kei bola UdhA zradhyA te mithyAtva Azrava chai| te moha karma nA udaya thI nIpano hai, mATe te ajJAna nathI, kemake ajJAnI jeTa lo zuddha jANai te jJAnAvaraNIya nAM kSayopazama thI nIpano chai| mATe te bhAjana AsarI ajJAna chai| ajJAna ne aMdhI zraddhA banne judA hai| -bhaga jor3a 8-2 // 42-(ka)-0 25 (kha)-mithyAtvinA jJAnAvaraNakSayopazamajanyo'pi bodho mithyAtva sahacAritvAt ajJAnaM bhvti...| -jaina0 dI0 2221 vRtti (ga) mAjana lAre jANa re, jJAna ajJAna khiijie| samadRSTi re jJAna re, ajJAna ajJAnI taNo // -bhaga jor3a mArA55 / 43-kutsitaM jJAnamazAna, kutsArthasya nano'nvayAt / kutsitatvatu mithyAtvayogAt tat trividha punaH lo0 pra. (dravyaloka ) zloka 66 4-jJA0 vi0 4041 45-(ka) sthA0 2 / 4 / (kha) nANa moha cAlyo sUttara mamai, te jJAna meM upajai vyAmoha / te zAnAvaraNI rA udA thakI, te moha nizcai nahIM hoya // jJAna, kutsAyana trividha zloka 6

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210] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA 'disA moheNa' kahyo Avasaga mama, te disaNo pAmyo vyAmoha / te piNa jJAnAvaraNI rA udA thakI, te hiradai vicArI joya // jJAnAvaraNI rA udA thakI, jAna bhUle sAMso para jAya / dasaNa mohaNI rA udA thakI, padArtha Udho saradhAya // -i0 cau0 10133,36,37 / 46-nyAyA0 vA. vR0 pR0 170 47-mithyAvaM triSu bodheSu, dRSTi mohodayAd bhavet // yathA sarajasAlAbUphalasya kaTakatvataH / kSitasya payaso dRSTaH, kaTumAva stathAvidhaH // tathAtmanopi mithyAtvapariNAme satISyate / matyAdisaMvidAM tAhaD, mithyAtva kasyacit sadA // -tatvA0 zlo. pR0 256 / 48 khatrovasamizrA AbhiNI bohiya NANaladdhI jAva khovasamizrAmaNapajjava nnaannlddhii,| khovasamizrA mai aNNANaladdhI, khovasamiyA suya aNNANaladdhI khovasamiyA vimaga aNNANaladdhI...|-anu0 126 4E-sadasad visesANAno bhavahetu jadicchinova lmaano| NANaphalAbhAvAzro, micchAdihissa aNNANa // -vi0 bhA0 115 50-bhaga0 24121 51-se kiM ta jIvodaya niSphanne micchAdiTTI-anu0 126 52-(ka) se ki ta khovasamani'phanne... micchAdasaNa lddhii| -anu0 126 / (kha) mithyA dRSTi kahAya re, bhAva kSayopazama udaya vlii| e vihu~' bhAve thAya re, dekho anuyoga dvAra maiM // kSayopazama nipanna mAhire, dAkhI mizyA dRSTi ne| mithyAtvI rI tAhi re, bhalI bhalI zraddhA tikA / / mithyAtva Astava tAma re, udaya bhAva mithyA dRSTi // -bhaga jor3a 12-5

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [299 53 --visohi maggaeNa paDucca caudasa jIvahANA pannattA... | sama0 14 / 54 -- pravala mithyAtvodaye kAcidaviparyastApi dRSTirbhavatIti tadapekSayA mithyAdRSTerapi guNasthAnasambhavaH / - karma 0 55- bhaga0 jor3a para / zeSaM samyag zraddhatte, samyag 56~yaH eka tattvaM tattvAzaM vA saMdigghe, mithyAdRSTiH, samyak mithyAtvIti yAvat / - jaina0 dI0 84 | 57 - mithyAtvamohanIyakarmAraNuvedanopazamakSaya kSayopazamasamutthe AtmapariNAme / - bhaga0 vR0 8|2| 58-tattvArtha zraddhAna samyaktvasya kAryam, samyaktvaM tu mithyAtvakSayopazamAdijanyaH zubha Atma-pariNAmavizeSaH / - dharma praka0 2 adhikaraNa / 1 5e- tattvA0 zlo0 pR0 256 | 60-- vibhaMga nANI koya re, dizA mUr3ha jima teha syU / sagalAM naiM nahiM koya re, ehavUMM ihAM jaNAya hai // : tIna -bhaga0 jor3a 3, 6, 6 26. / 1 - nyAyA0 4 / 2--bhaga0 413| 3 -sthA0 5|3| 4- pra0 pra0 113 5naM0 2-3 6---pramA0 mI0 114 7 - antaHkaraNa kI padArthAkAra avasthA ko vRtti kahate haiM / vedAnta meM jJAna do prakAra kA hai - sAkSi jJAna aura vRtti- jJAna / anta: karaNa kI vRttiyo ko prakAzita karane vAlA jJAna 'sAkSi-jJAna' aura sAkSi- caitanya se prakAzita vRtti 'vRtti-jJAna' kahA jAtA hai| 6- mittu nyA0 2 / 2 / 10 - 40 na0 2 va jaina0 tarka pR0 70

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212] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA 11-mitu nyA0 rAza 12-vyaJjanAvagrahakAle'pi zAnamastyeva, sUkSmAnyaktatvAttu nopalabhyate - susAnyaktavijJAnavat...| -sthA0 vRtti0 2-1-71 / 13-(1) svarUpa-rasanA ke dvArA jo grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| vaha 'rasa' hotA hai| (2) nAma-rUpa, rasa Adi vAcaka zabda ! (3) jAti-rUpatva, rasatva Adi jaati| (4) kriyA-sukhakara, hitakara Adi kriyaa| . (5) guNa-komala, kaThora, Adi gunn| (6) dravya-pRthvI, pAnI Adi dravya / 14-anadhyavasAyastAvat sAmAnyamAtra prAhitvena avagrahe antarmavati / -vi0 bhA0 vR0 pR0 317 15-nyAya0 sU0 1.1-23 / 16-nyAya0 sU0 1-1-40 // 17-nyAya0 sU0 1-1-41 / 18-trikAlagocarastarka, IhA tu vArtamAnikArthaviSayA-jaina tarka. 16-naM0 26 20-naM0 2030 21-0 26 22-keI tu vajaNoggahavajjacchodaNa meyammi // 301 // assuya nisyiyamevaM aTThAvIsa vihaM ti bhAsaMti / jamavagga ho dumeo'vaggaha sAmaeNako gahiro // 302 // -vi0 mA0 0 23-cauvairittA mAvA, jamhA na tmogghaaio| minnaM teNoggahAi, sAmaNNI tayaM taggayaM ceva // 303 // -vi0 mA0 0 24-[arthAvagraha-vyaJjanAvagrahamedenAbhuta nizritamapi dvidhaiveti, idaJca zrotrAdiprabhavameva, yattu zrautpattiyAdyazrutanizcitaM tatrAvigrahaH sambhavati,

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [213 na tu vyaJjanAvagrahaH, tasya indriyAzritatvAt , buddhInAM tu mAnasatvAt, tato buddhibhyo'nyatra vyajanAvagraho mantavyaH / -sthA0 vR0 1171 cAra: 1-'apaudgalikatvAdamUrtI 'jIva' paudgalikatvAttu mUrttAni dravyendriyamanAMsi, amUrtAca mUrta pRthagbhUtaM tatastebhyaH paudgalikendriya manobhyo yanmati zrutalakSaNaM jJAnamupajAyate tad dhUmAderagnyAdi zAnavat paranimittatvAt parokSam / -vi0 bhA0 vRkSa gAthA 6 2-tathA hi parvatoyaM sAgniH utAnagniH, iti saMdehAnantaraM yadi kazcinmanyate-anagniriti tadA taM prati yadyayamanagnirabhaviSyattahi~ dhUmavannAmaviSyat ityavahimattvenAdhUmavattvaprasajjanaM kriyate / sa cAniSTaM prasaMgaH tarka ucyate / evaM pravRttaH tarkaH ananimattvasya pratikSepAt anumAnasya bhavatyanugrAhaka iti...| -(tarka0 bhA0) 3-sapaJcAvayavopetavAkyAtmako nyAyaH -cA. mA0 4-smstprmaannvyaapaaraadrthaadhigtiyaayH| -nyAya0 vA0 5-mittu nyA0 3-28 / 6-bhikSu0 nyA0 3-33 / 7-mikSu0 nyA0 3-31 / 8-mitu0 nyA0 3-32 // 6-pra0 na0 265-107 pA~ca: 1-yuktyA aviruddhaH sadAgamaH sApi tad aviruddhA iti / iti anyonyAnugataM ubhayaM pratipattihetuH iti // 2-yo hetuvAdapakSe hetukaH aAgame ca aagmikH| sa svasamayapazApakaH siddhAntavirAdhako'nyaH / / 3-na ca vyAktigrahaNavalenArthapratipAdakatvAda dhUmavadasya anumAne'ntarbhAvaH, kUTAkUTakArSApaNanirupaNapravaNapratyakSavadabhyAsadazAyAM vyAsigrahanarapekSyeNevAsya arthabodhakatvAt / -jaina tarka0 pR0 26

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214] jaina darzana meM pramANa bhImAsA naM. 58 4-syA0 ma0 zlo0.17 5-jaM imaM arihaMtehiM bhagavatehi uppaNNaNANa dasaNadharehiM tIyapaccuppaNNA___NAgaya jANaehiM savvaeNUhi savadarisihi paNIaM saitaM bhaavsury| -anu0 42 6-anu0 144 7-anudeg " 8-(ka) naM0 36 / .(kha) saMjJAkSaraM bahuvidhalipimebhedam, vyaJjanAkSaraM bhASyamANamakArAdi ete copacArAcchra te / labdhyakSaraM tu indriyamanonimittaH zrutopayogaH tadAvaraNa kSayopazamo vA...... -jaina tarka0 pR06 6-ami0 ci0 01 10-abhi0 vi0 zara 11-mizrAH punaH parAvRtya sahAgIrvANa snnibhaaH| -abhi0 ciM0 1116 12-dohiM ThANehiM saddappAesiyA, taMjahA...sAhannatANaM puggalANaM saduppAesiyA, bhijjaMtANaM ceva poggalANaM sadupyAe siyaa..| -sthA0 22081 / 13-(ka) svAbhAvikasAmarthyasamayAbhyAmarthavodhanivandhanaM zabdaH / -pra0 na04 (kha) bhintu nyA0 4-6 / 14-(ka) sAmayikatvAcchandArtha sampratyayasya... nyAya0 sU0 21155/ (kha) sAmayikaH zabdArya sapratyayo na svAbhAvikaH-vA0 mA 15-vAcyavAcakamAvo'pi tarkeNaiva avagamyate, tasyaiva sakalazabdArya gocaratvAt / prayojakavRddhoktaM zrutvA pravartamAnasya prayojyavRddhasya ceSTAmavalokya tatkAraNazAnajanakatA zabde'vadhArayato 'ntyAvayava zravaNapUrvAvayavasmaraNopajanitavarNapadavAkyaviSayasaMkalanAtmakapratyabhijJAnavata AvApodvApAbhyA sakalavyatyupasaMhAreNa ca vaacyvaackbhaavprtiitidrshnaat...| -jaina tarka0 pR0 15

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gadarzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [215 161 13- .. 18-(Effift TaL gapakSa panapekSazna, nyolyAdivad varNAdivasa - ka0 mA 415 (ga) magnunaH kAnA mAvA pratinita pAkavyAlyA, kecinnaityatra samaema nrgaa| -rane / - papaga, kAgada ginIti paya hunchaa| dimiNaM vecitta, magara ga pAga..~mA0 0 3. 86 -bhaga 5 21-usa 60 24-bhaga 25- 761 16-bhaga 173 / 27-mani 28-sa. ni. 26-bhaga 1810 / 30-(ka) bhaga 82 / (sa) sthA0 111754 / 31 dazavai0 78EI 32-(ka) na cAvadhAraNamidhiH siddhAntenAnumata iti vaktavya, tatra-tatra pradeze'nekazo'tradhAraNavidhidarzanAt, tathAhi-"kimiyaM bhante ! kAlotti pavuccai ? goyamA ! jIvA ceva ajIvA cevatti sthAnAne pyuktam-"jadayi duppar3oyAra, taMjahA ca NaM loe taM savva-jIvA ceva ajIvA cev"| tathA "jaha cevara mokkhaphalA, ANA ArAhiyA jirNidANa" ityAdi vA tvavadhAraNI bhApA pravacane niSidhyate sA kacit tathA rUpa vastutattvanirNayA

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1 216] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA bhAvAt kvacidekAMtapratipAdikA vA na tu samyag yathAvasthitavastutattvanirNaye syAt padaprayogAvasthAyAmiti / - AcA0 vR0 pa0 370 1 ( kha ) prajJA0 11 33- ma0 ni0 ( savvAsava sutta ) 34 - sanma0 3 / 54 35 - zrAcA0 1-1-1 / 36-dazavai0 4 13 / 37- bhaga0 7-2 / 38 - (ka) vRha0 upa0 2-3-11 / ( kha ) 4-2-11 / "" 36~~yato vAco nivarttante, aprApya manasA saha / - taitta0 upa0 224 40ma0 ni0 (cUla mAlukya sutta 6 ) 41--ekatvasAdRzyapratItyoH saMkalanajJAnarUpatayA pratyabhijJAnatA 'natikramAt / pra0 ka0 mA0 pR0 345 42 -- arthAdApattiH arthApattiH, Apatti : - prAptiH prasagaH yathA zrabhidhIyamAne'rthe cAnyorthaH prasajyate so'rthApattiH, yathA -- pInodevadatto divA na mur3akte, ityabhidhAnAda rAtrau mukte iti gamyate / 43 -- pramANapacakaM yatra, vasturUpeNa jAyate 1 vastusattAvatrodhArtha, tatrA'bhAva-pramANatA // - mI0 zlo0 vA0 pR0 473 | 44- pra0 na0 2 / 1 / 45 --nyAyA0 pR0 21 / sattAgrahaNAt anyasya sattAgrahaNaM 46 - sambhavaH -- avinAbhAvinorthasya sambhavaH / zrayaM dvividhaH tatra ( 1 ) sambhAvanArUpaH --- yathA - amuko manuSyo vaizyo'sti zrato dhaniko'pisyAt / ( 2 ) nirNayarUpaH yathA - amukasya pArzve yadi zatamasti tat paMcAzatA zravazyaM bhAvyam / 47 - aitihyaH -- anirdiSTavaktRkaM pravAdapAraMparyam / caraka meM zrAgama ko bhI aitihya kahA hai / " tat pratyakSamanumAnamaitihyamaupamyamiti / " ca0 vi0

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA sthAna 8|30| "aihi' nAmAsopadezo vedAdiH" 48 pra0 naM0 202/1 46 - yogajAdRSTijanitaH, sa tu prAtibhasaMzitaH / [ 217 saMndhyeva dinarAtribhyA, kevalazrutayoH pRthak // - adhyA0 upa0 212 50 -- - indriyAdivrAhyasAmagrI nirapekSaM hi manomAtrasAmagrIprabhavaM artha tathAbhAvaprakAzaM jJAnaM prAtibheti prasiddham - zvo me bhrAtA zrAgantA'ityAdivat - nyA0 ku0 pR0 526 | api cAnAgataM jJAnamasmadAderapi kvacit / pramANaM prAtibhaM zvo me, bhrAtAganteti dRzyate // nAnarthaja na sadigdha, na vAda vidhurIkRtam / duSTakAraNaMJceti, pramANamidamiSyatAm // - ( nyA0 maM0 vivaraNa pR0 106-107 jayanta ) 53 pra0 na0 25 54 pra0 na0 32 55 - vi0 56 - aSTAviMzatimedavicAraprakrame'vagrahAdimattvaM - ca0vi0 8543 | 51 - pubbamadi-maya-mavezya takkhaNavizuddha gahitthA / avvA phalajogA, buddhi zrappattiyAnAma-naM0 2 52 naM0 26 (ka) zrutam -- saketakAlabhAvI paropadezaH zrutagranthazca / (kha) pUrva tena parikarmitamatervyavahArakAle tadanapekSameva yad utpadyate tat zrutanicitam / yattu zrutA'parikarmitamateH sahajamupajAyate tad zruta - nizritam / - vi0 bhA0 vR0 gAthA - 177 0 bhA0 gAthA 300-306 / sAmAnyaM dharmamAzritya | azruta nizritasya zruta- nizrita evaM antarbhAvo vivakSyate zrutA zruta viziSTaM dharmamurarIkRtya nizrita vicAraprastAve tu azrutanizritattvaM zrutanizritAdazrutanicitaM pRthageveSyate ... | - vi0 bhA0 vR0 305 57 ka - je viSNAyA se AyA... jeNa viyANai se zrAyA - AcA0

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218] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA kha-jIveNaM bhate / jIve ? jIve-jIve ? goyamA / jIve nAva niyamA jIve, jIva-jIvevi "niymaa| ...i ha ekena jIvazabdena jIvo gRhyate, dvitIyena ca caitanyamiti jIvacaitanyayoH paraspareNAvinAbhUtatvAda jIvaH caitanyameva, caitanyamapi jIva ev..| -bhaga0 0 6 / 10 58-gANe puNaNiyama AyA -bhaga0 12 / 1 / 56-svasminneva pramotpattiH svapramAtRtvamAtmanaH / prameyatvamapi svasya, pramitizceyamAgatA // -(tatvA0 zlo0 pR0 43) 1-sanIya asthi asatoya nthi| gaharAmo dihiM na gaharAmo kiMci // -sU0 2-6-12 2-(ka) paNNavaNijjA bhAvA, aNaMtabhAgo nu aNabhilappANaM / paNNavaNijjANaM puNa, aNaMtamAgo suyanivaddho // -vi0 bhA0 341 (kha) naM0 23 3-kevalanANeNa'ye nAuM je tattha paNNavaNa joge| te bhAsai titthayaro vaijoga sunaM havA sesaM tatra kevalajJAnopalabdhArthAbhidhAyakaH zabdarAziH procyamAnastasya bhagavato vAgyoga eva bhavati, na zrutam, tasya bhASA paryAptyAdinAma karmodayanivandhanatvAt, zrutasya ca kSAyopazamikatvAt, sa ca vAgayogo bhavati zrutam , 'zeSam' apradhAna dravya-zrutamityarthaH; zrotRNA mAvazrutakAraNatayA dravyazrutaM vyavahIyate iti bhAvaH / -naM vR056 4-pra0 naM0 204143 5-(ka) iha ca prathamadvitIyacaturthA akhaNDavasvAzritAH, zeSAzcatvAro vastu dezabhitA darzitAH, tathAnyai stRtIyopi vikalpo'khaNDavastvAzrita evoktaH, tathAhi akhaNDasya vastunaH svaparyAyaiH paraparyAyaizca vivakSivasya- sahasatvamiti / ataevAmihitamAcArAGgaTIkAyAm-iha

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jaina darzana meM pramANa bhImAsA [219 cautpattimaGgIkRtyottara vikalpatrayaM na sabhavati, padArthAvayavApekSatvAt, tasyotpattezcAvayavAbhAvAt iti ----sthA. vR0 441345 (kha) ta0 mA0 TI0 pR0 415 6-bhaga0 shsh| 7-sthA010 8-bhaga0 parA273 6-bhaga 10-syAnnAzi nityaM sahazaM virUpaM, vAcyaM na vAcyaM sadasattadeva / vipazcitAM nAtha ! nipItatatva / sudhodagatodgAraparapareyam / / -syA0 maM0 25 11-bhaga010 12-bhaga0 137 13-bhaga013-7 14-bhaga0 12-10 15-ya ete sata padArthA nirdhAritA etAvaMta evarUpAzceti te tathaiva vA syunaiva vA tathA syuH itarathA hi tathA vA syuritarathA vetyanirdhAritarUpajJAna saMzayajJAnavadapramANameva syAt / -brahma zA0 2 / 2 / 33 / 16-Article on the under Current of Jainism" in Jain Sahitya Sansodhak 1920 Vol. I Page 23. 17-darzana0 i0 pR0 135 18-pR0 64-65 16-(ka) jassa AuyaM tassa aMtarAiyaM siya asthi, siya natthi, jassa puNa atarAiyaM tassa AuyaM niyama asthi-bhaga0 8-10 (kha) bhaga0 12 / 10 20-bhA0 da0 pR0 173 21-bhA0 80 pR0 173 22-pU0 pa0 pR0 66-67

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220] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA 23- nahi dravyAtirekeNa paryAyAH santi kecana | dravyameva tataH satyam, bhrAntiranyA tu citravat // paryAyavyatirekeNa dravyaM nAstIha kiMcana / bheTa eva tataH satyo, bhrAntistad dhrauvya phlpanA // nAmedameva pazyAmo, bheTa nApi ca kevalam / jAtyantaraM tu pazyAma-stenAnekAnta sAdhanam // -utpA021-22-23 24-AcA0 411-206 25-taka0 (tIsarA bhAga ) pR0 208 26-Indian Philosophy Vol. 1 Page 305-6 27-80 di0 adhyAya 15 pR0 468 28-sadbhAvevarAbhyAmanabhilApe vastunaH phevalaM mUkatvaM jagataH syAt vidhi pratiSedhavyavahArAyogAt... -a0 sa0 pR0 126 26-anekAnto pyanekAntaH, prmaann-nysaadhnH| anekAntaH pramANAnte, tadekAnto'pitAnayAt // -svayaM0 ( arajina stuti) 18 30-AcArya pravara zrI tulasI gaNI ke eka lekha kA aMza / 31-02-5-26 / 32-no kasmin dharmiNi yugapat sadasattvAdiviruddhadharmasamAvezaH sambhavati zItoSNavat -brahma zAM0 2-2-33 33-nIla-kamala-yaha sAmAnAdhikaraNya hai| kamala meM nIla guNa ke nimitta se 'nIla' zabda kI aura kamala-jAti ke nimitta se "kamala" zabda kI pravRtti hotI hai| 34-siya sasarIrI nikkhamaI siya asarIrI nikkhamaI -bhaga0 2-1 35-nokatra nAnAviruddhadharmapratipAdakaH syAdvAdaH kintapekSAbhedena tadavirodha dyotakalyAtpaTasamabhivyAhRtavAkyavizeSaH -nyAya khaM0 zlo0 42 36-yadi yenaiva prakAreNa sattvaM, tenaiva asattvaM, yenaiva ca asattvaM, tenaiva sattva mabhyupeyeta tadA syAda virodhaH -pra0 na0 205

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na darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA { 221 :-( Fan NE (1) mA , .:-mAnatAnina vibhAntyabhAvonavanyA athavA tapAgadhInAniSTaprasaMgaH pnpnyaa| -riggAt mAni. gmm| 112- atik| .:-sapanAmAgopAganApAna pannunavinatvam - sa | !-mana mamanapiscAt payo bhagA vikalAdezAH, catvArazcadezA jinnAsAnAn piklaadegaaH| -nara0 pR0 21 / - paca masabhagIcamAya, te cAumI, badravyakSetrakAlabhAvApekSayA gati para lagAyA gAnnAsti, anayoreva dharmayo yaugapAnAmidhAmagAvavATatanya, tathA kasyacidazasya svadravyAdyapekSayA parasya nu vikSitatvAt panyaniccAzamya paradravyAdyapekSayA vivakSitatvAt vAdanti na mAnAnti ti, tathaikamyAzamya svadravyAdyapekSayA parasya nu gAmanyena svapayAgapekSayA vivakSitatvAt syAdasti cAvaktavya cani, nathaikamyAzamma paradravyAgapekSayA parasya tu sAmastyena svadravyAdyapekSayA vivakSinatvAt myAnnAsti cAvaktavya ceti tathaikasyAMzasya nyadravyAdyapekSayA pAsya tu paradravyAdyapekSayA'nyasya tu yogapadyena svaparadravyAApekSayA vivakSitatvAt syAdasti ca nAsti cAvaktavya ceti / -(vi0 mA vR0) 47-(ka) pra0 na04 (kha) "apayaMyaM vastu samasyamAna-madravyametacca vivicyamAnam / Adezamedodita saptabhaMga-madIdRzastva budharUpavedyam // -syA0 ma023 -

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222 ] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsA 48-mAoya muNi dehi, maNinI ahmeyo| annANa saMsalI ceva, micchAnANa tahe va // rAga doso mainmaMso, dhammammiya annaayro| jogANaM duppaNihANaM, aTTahA vjjiylo|| 46-ajJAnaM khalu kaSTaM, krodhAdibhyo'pi sarvapApebhyaH / artha hitamahitaM vA, na vetti yenAvRto lokaH // 50-"saMzayAtmA vinazyati"--yaha mana kI dolAyamAna dazA ke lie hai| jijJAsAtmaka sazaya vinAzakara nahI kintu vikAsakara hotA hai| isIlie kahA jAtA hai-"na saMzayamanAruhya, naro bhadrANi pshyti...|" 51-sthA0 10 52-vidyamAna padArtha kI anupalabdhi ke 21 kAraNa haiN| inase padArtha kI upalabdhi hotI hI nahIM athavA vaha yathArtha nahIM hotii| (1) ati dUra (2) ati samIpa (3) ati sUkSma (4) mana kI asthiratA (5) indriya kA apATava (6) buddhimAnya (7) azakya grahaNa (8) AvaraNa (6) abhibhUta (10) samAnajAtIya (11) anupayoga dazA (12) ucita upAya kA abhAva (13) vismaraNa (14) durAgama-mithyA upadeza (15) moha (16) dRSTi-zakti kA abhAva (17) vikAra (18) kriyA kA abhAva (16) anadhigama-zAstra sune vinA (20) kAla-vyavadhAna (21) svabhAva se indriya-agocara -(vi0 mA vR0) : sAta: 1-anekAntAtmakatvena, vyAptAvatra kramAkramau / tAbhyAmarthakriyA vyAtA, tayAstitva catuSTaye // 1-bandha, bandha-kAraNa, mokSa, mokSa-kAraNa / -

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [223 mUlavyAptunivRttau tu, krmaakrmnivRttitH| kriyA-kArakayobhaM zAnnasyAdetaccatuSTayam // tato vyAsA (vyAsaH ) samastasya, prsiddhshcprmaanntH| catuSTayaM sad-icchamiranekAntovagamyatAm || -tattvA0 246-251 / 2-sa. rAkSa 3--bhaga072 4-(1) dravya-tulya / (2) kssetr-tuly| (3) kAla-tulya / (4) bhava-tulya / (5) bhaav-tuly| (6) sasthAna-tulya / 5-bhaga0 18.10 6-tat pariNAmidravyamekasminevakSaNe ekena svabhAvena utpadyate, pareNa vinazyati-anantadharmAtmakatvAda vstunH| -sU0 vR0 1115] 7-pAramaizvaryayuktatvAda, Atmaiva mata iishvrH| sa ca karteti nirdoSa, kartRvAdo vyavasthita // -zA vA0 sa0 8-utpAdvyayaprauvyayuktaM sat / -na0 sU0 pA26) 6-(ka) sRSTi-sthityantakaraNI, brahmaviSNuzivAtmikA / sa sazaM yAti bhagavAneka eva janArdanaH ||-vi0 pu0 zarA66 (kha) ekaM sat viprA bahudhA vadanti |-Rg0 11164-46 / 10-caidikovyavahartavyaH, kartavyaH punraahtH| zrotavyaH saugato dharmaH, dhyAtavyaH paramaH zivaH // 11- aNoraNIyAn mahato mahIyAn / kaTha0 upa0 112 / 20 // (ka) sadasadvareNyam...-muNDakopa0 21 (kha) yasmAt paraM nAparamasti kiJcid, yasmAnnANIyo nanyAyoDaA. stikazcit / -zvetAzva0 upa0 /

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224] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsA 12-yajJopavIta paramaM pavitra, kareNa dhRtvA zapathaM karomi / yoge viyoge divaso'GganAyA aNoraNIyAn mahato mahIyAn // 13-One interesting story is told about the ex planation of Relativity. Mrs Instein did not understand her husband's theories. One day she asked "What shall I say is Relativity quo The thinker replied with an unexpected parable, "When a man talks to a pretty girl for an hour it seems to bim only a minute but let him sit on a hot store for only a minute and it is longer than an hour. That is Relativity." 14--karisaNa.. gaura ahAlaga jhaMDovagaraNassa vivihassa ya aTTAe puDhavihiMsati maMdabuddhiyA-prazna ( A. va. dvAra)-1 15-sthA0 2 16-iha dvividhA bhAvAH-tadyathA hetugrAhyA ahetugrAhyAzca / tatra hetagrAhyA jIvAstitvAdayaH tatmAdhakapramANasadbhAvAt , ahetugrAhyA, amavyatvAdayaH asmadAdyapekSayA tat sAdhakahetUnAmasambhavAt, prakRSTajJAnagocaratvAt taddhetUnAmiti / -prajJA vR0 pada 1 17-jJAyeran hetuvAdena, padArthA ydytiindriyaaH| kAlenaitAvatA teSAM, kRtaHsyAdarthanirNayaH // -yo 60 sa0 146 18-(ka) nacaitadeva yat tasmAt, zuSkatarkamaho mhaan| mithyAbhimAnahetutvAt, tyAjya eva mumukSumiH // -yo0 * sa0 147 (kha) anyata eva zreyAMsyanyata eva vicaranti vAdivRSAH / vAksarambhaH kvacidapi, na jagAda muniH zivopAyam // -dvAdvA0 87

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsA [225 18-sarve zabdanayAratana, parArdhapratipAdane / svArtha prakAzane mAta-rige jAnanayAH sthitAH ||-mii0 zlo0 vA. 20-dravyAdharavenAbhayaNe tdnytirekaadbhettvRttiH| paryAyArthatvenAzrayaNe paramparaM patireke'pi ekatvAdhyAropaH, tatazca abhedopcaarH| -tattvA0 rA0 4142 21-taratha nattAni nANAI ThappAi' ThavaNijjAI', No uddisati, No mahimaMti, po praNueNavijaMti, suyanANassa uddeso, samuI so, aNueNA, nyayuyogI ya pavattai |-anu0 2 22 syAdvAda aura naya-zabda bodhajanaka hai isalie Agama haiN| 23-zruta svArtha bhavati parArtha ca-jAnAtmaka svArtha-vacanAtmaka parArtha, tada bheTA nyaaH|-srvaaH si0 24-pratyakSeNAnumAnena, prasiddhArtha prakAzanAt / parasya tadupAyatvAt, parArthatvaM dvayorapi ||-anumaan-prtiit pratyAya yannevaM vacanayati---"agnigtra dhUmAt ".. pratyakSapratIta punardarzayanne tAvad vakti-pazya rAjA gacchati / nyAyA0 TIkA 111 25-pra0 vA0-117 26- brahma0 zA0 222 / 11 27-zuddha dravya samAbhitya, sagrahastadazuddhitaH / naigaga-vyavahArI staH, zepAH pryaaymaashritaaH|| -sanma0 TI0 272 28-bhaga0 18 // 26-cAndo0 upa0 64 30-bhaga0 1712 / 31-yo vastUnAM samAnapariNAmaH sa sAmAnyam , saca sAmAnyapariNAmo 'samAna pariNAmAvinAbhAvI, anyathA ekatvApattitaH sAmAnyala syaivAyogAt , saca asamAnapariNAmo vizeSaH uktada"vastuna eva samAna pariNAmaH sa eva sAmAnyam | asamAnastu vizeSo, vastvekamubhayarUpaM tu||" -zrAva* vR0--(malayagiri patra 373

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226] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsA 32-stutizcaika zloka pramANa, stotraM tu bahuzloka mAnam // ha ca0 50-3 gAthA (abhayadeva kRta vyAkhyA) 33-Ava 0 0-(malayagiri) 34-vastutaH kSaNikalAdivizeSaNazuddhaparyAyanaMgamo nAbhyupagacchatyeva / kiJcit kAla sthAyyazuddhatadabhyupagama stu sattAmahAsAmAnyaspa dravyAMzasya ghaTAdisattArupa-vizeSa prastAramUlatayA'zuddhadravyAbhyupagama eva paryavasyatIti paryAyArthitvaM tasya, ataeva sAmAnyavizeSaviSayamedena saMgrahavyavahArayorevAntavana zuddhAzuddha dravyAstiko'yamiSyata iti / [ane0 patra0 10] 35-tArkikANA trayo medA, AdyA dravyArthaco mtaaH| saiddhAntikAnAM catvAraH, paryAyArthagatAH pre||-nyaayo 18 36-anu0 14 37-na0 ra0-012 38-na caivamitarAMzapratikSepitvAd durgAyatvam, tat pratikSepasya prAdhAnya mAtra evopayogAt* na0 20-pRSTha 12 36-anyadeva hi sAmAnyamaminna jAnakAraNam / vizeSopyanya eveti, manyate naigamo nayaH // 40-tatvA0 rA0-1,42 41-yo nAma nayo nayAntara-sApekSaH paramArthataH syAt padaprayogamabhilapan sampUrNa vastu gRhNAtIti pramANAntarbhAvI, nayAntaranirapekSastu yo nayaH sa ca niyamAn mithyAdRSTireva sampUrNavastugrAhakAbhAvAt-iti [bhAcArya malayagiri-zrAva0 vR0 patra 371] 42-'syAdasti' ityAdi pramANam , 'astyeva' ityAdi durNayaH, 'asti' ityAdikaH sunayo na tu saMvyavahArAnam, 'syAdastyeva' ityAdi sunaya eva vyavahArakAraNam... sanma0 TI0 pR0-46 43-sadeva sat syAt saditi tridhArthomIyeta dunItinaya prmaannaiH| yathArthadazI tu nayapramANa-payena duniitipytvmaasthH|-sthaa0 ma0 28 4-(ka) syAnjIva eva ityuktenevokAntaviSayaH syAcchabdaH, syAdastyeva jIvaH ityukte ekAntaviSayaH syAcchAbdaH /

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [227 syAdastIti sakalavastugrAhakatvAt pramANavAvayam, syAvastyeva dravyamiti vastvekadezagrAhakatvAnnayavAkyam // -paMcA0 TI0 pR0 32 (kha) pUrva paMcAstikAye syAdastItyAdi pramANavAkyena pramANa saptamaMgI vyAkhyAtA, atra tu syAdastyeva yadevakAragrahaNaM tannaya matabhagI jJApanArthamiti bhaavaarthH|--prv0 TI0 pR0162 45-vi0 mA0 gAthA-2232 16-ane0 pR0 31 47-(ka) sanma0 pR0 318 (kha) ane0 pR0 55 48-nityaM satvamasatvaM vA, haitoranyAnapekSaNAt / apekSAto hi bhAvAnAM, kAdAcitkatvasabhavaH // 4- sosti pratyayo loke, yAzabdAnugamadRte / anuvidhamivajJAna, sarva zabdena bhASate |"vaa0pr0 124 50-tattvA0 zloka-236-40 51-sthA0 731542 ATha: 1-bhinnu nyA0 5-22 2-bhikSu nyA0 5-23 3-bhinu nyA0 523 4-mittu nyA0 5 / 24 / 5-bhintu nyA0 525 6-bhinnu nyA0 5 / 27 / 7-Agama savva nisehe, no saddI ahava desa paDilehe "no zabda" ke do artha hote hai-sarva-niSedha aura deza-nirodha / yahA~ vo zabda donoM prakAra ke niSedha ke artha meM praguna hotA hai|

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2281 jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA 1-bhintu nyA0 15 // 2-bhinu nyA. sh6| 3-bhikSu nyA. sh8,9,10|| : dasa : 1-mikSu nyA0 5 // 18-16 / 2-dve satye samupAzritya, buddhAnAM dhrm-deshnaa| lokasaMvRtisatyaM ca, satyaM ca paramArthataH -ma0 kA0 2418 samyag mRpAdarzanalabdhabhAvaM rUpadvayaM vibhrati sarvabhAvAH / samyagdRzo yo viSayaH sa tattvaMmRpAdRzAM saMvRtisatyamuktam // mRpAdRzo'pi dvividhAsta iSTA dIptendriyA indriya dossvntH| dupTendriyANAM kila vodha iSTa susthendriyajJAnamapekSyamithyA / / -mA0 kA 230 / 24 3-yena cAtmanAtmavatsarvamidaM jagattadeva sadAkhyaM kAraNaM satya paramArtha sat / -chAndo0 upa0 687 -zA bhA0 pR0661 Y-We can only know therelative truth but abso lute truth is known only to the universal obser ver mystenons universal Page 188 5-jIvaH zivaH zivojIvo, nAntaraM shivjiivyo| karmavaddho mavejjIvaH, karma-muktaH sadA zivaH // 6 yatA'ktAtmarUpaM yat, pUrvApUrveNa vartate / kAlatrayepi tad dravya-mupAdAna miti smRtam / / 7 dekhie isI grantha kA anumAna prakaraNa / 8-satohi dvayoH sambandhaH syAnna sadasatto rasato / -(zAM0 mA0 2-1-18) 8-satattvato'nyathA prathA vikAra ityudIritaH / atattvato 'nyathA prathA vivata ityuTIritaH ||-(ve0 sA.)

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [229 satattvato yathArthataH, anyathA prathA svarUpAntarApattiH, tathA dugdhasya dadhyAkAreNa pariNAmaH vikAraH / 10~~'kAryasya kAraNAtmakatvAt / nahi kAraNAd bhinnaM kAryam" / - - ( zA0 kau0 6 ) 11 - " nahi kAryakAraNayorbhedaH AzritAzrayabhAvo vA vedAntimira myupagamyate / kAraNasyaiva sasthAnamAtraM kAryamityabhyupagamAt" / - (brahma zAM0 2 2 17 ) 12- pra0 vA0 2 146 13 - bhAvassa patthi NAmo, Natthi abhAvassa uppAdo / " ( paJcA0 15 ) 14 - " evaM sadI viNAso, asado jIvassa hoi upAdo" / ~ ( paJcA 60 ) 15 - nAzo'pi dvividho jJeyo, rUpAntara vigocaraH / zrarthAntara gatizcaiva dvitIyaH parikIrtitaH // 25 || tatrAndhatamasastejo, rUpAntarasya sakramaH / aNoraNvatarapAto, 16 - prayogavisvasAbhyAM syAdutpAdo dvividhastayoH / hyarthAntaragamazca saH || 26 // -- dravyAnu ta0 " Adyo vizuddho niyamAt samudAyavivAdajaH // 17 // vivasA hi vinA yatnaM jAyate dvividhaH saca / tatrAdya cetanaskadhajanyaH samudAyo'grimaH // 18 // sacitta mizrajazcAnyaH syAdekatvaprakArakaH / zarIrANAM ca varNAdi, sunirdhAro bhavatyataH // 16 // yat saMyogaM vinaikatvaM, tad dravyAzena siddhatA | yathA skandha vibhAgANoH siddhasyAvaraNakSaye // 20 // skandha hetuM binA yogaH, parayogeNa codbhavaH / kSaNe caNe ca paryAyAdyastadaikatvamucyate // 21 // utpAdo nanu dharmAdeH, parapratyayato bhavet / nijapratyayato vApi, jJAtvAntarnayayojanAm // 22 // - dravyAnu0 tara adhyA

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230] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAsA 15-pAnI jaba garma hone lagatA hai to hamako pahale pAnI ke rUpa meM hI pratIta hotA hai| parantu java tApa vRddhi kI mAtrA sImA-vizeSa taka pahuMca jAtI hai to pAnI kA sthAna bhApa le letI hai| isI prakAra ke kramika parivartana ko...mAtrA-bheda se liMga-bheda kahate haiN| dUsarI avasthA pahalI avasthA kI pratiyogI usase viparIta hotI hai parantu parivartana krama vahIM nahIM ruka sakatA, vaha aura Age bar3hatA hai aura mAtrA-bheda se liMga-bheda hokara tIsarI avasthA kA udaya hotA hai, jo dUsarI kI pratiyogI hotI hai| isa prakAra pahalI kI pratiyogI kI pratiyogI hotI hai| isako yoM kahate hai ki pUrvAvasthA, nat pratipedha, pratiSedha kA pratiSedha-isa krama se avasthApariNAma kA pravAha nirantara jArI hai| jo avasthA pratiSiddha hotI hai, vaha sarvathA naSTa nahIM hotI, apane pratiSedhaka meM apane saMskAra chor3a jAtI hai| isa prakAra pratyeka paravatI meM pratyeka pUrvavattIM vidyamAna hai| dharma parivartana kI isa prakriyA ko dvandvAtmaka prakriyA kahate haiN|

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prastuta grantha ke TippaNa meM Ae hue granthoM ke nAma va unake saMketa athaveda kArikA-atharva kA. adhyAtmopanipada -adhyA0 upa0 anuyoga dvAra-anu0 anekAnta vyavasthA aneka abhidhAna cintAmaNi kopa, -ami0 citra aSTasahalI-a0 sa0 AcArAMga-zrAcA AcArAMga vRtti-AcA0 30 Avazyaka vRtti-Ava0 0 indriyavAdI rI caupai-i0 cau. Indian Philosophy uttarAdhyayana -utta utpAdAdi siddhi-utpA0 kaThopanipada -kaTha upaH karmagrantha -karma0 caraka vimAna sthAna-ca0bi0 chAndogyopaniSad -chAndo0 upa0 jaina tarka mApA jaina tarka0 Jain Sabitya Sansodbak jaina siddhAnta dIpikA-caina dI0 tarka mApA-tarka0 mA0 tarka zAstra-tarka zA0 tattvArtha rAja vArtika -tatvArA tatvArtha zloka vArtika vanvA zloka tattvArya sUtra -ta. sU0

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232] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA tattvArtha bhASAnusAriNI TIkA-1 mA0 TI0 taitarIyopaniSad :-caita0 upa0 dravyAnuyoga tarkaNA-dravyAnu0 ta0 darzana digdarzana -60 di0 darzanazAstra kA itihAsa -darzana0 i0 dazavaikAlika -dazavai0 dhammapada -dhamma0 dharmaratna prakaraNa -dharma0 praka0 naya rahasya -na020 nandI vRtti-naM0 0 nandI sUtra-naM0 nyAya kumudacandra nyA0 ku0 nyAya khaNDana khAdya-nyA0 khaM0 nyAya dIpikA-nyAya0 dI. nyAya vindu-nyA0 vi0 nyAya bhASya-nyA0 mA0 nyAya maJjarI nyA0 ma0 nyAya vArtika-nyA0 vA. nyAya sUtra-nyA0 sU0 nyAyAvatAra -nyAyA0 nyAyAvatAra TIkA nyAyA0 TI0 nyAvAvatAra vArtika vRti nyAyA0 vA vR0 nyAyopadeza -nyAyo parikSAmukha maNDana -pa0 mu0 ma0 pUrvI aura pazcimI darzana-pU0pa0 pramANa praveza-pra0 pra0 pramANa mImAMsA -pramA0 mI0 pramANa vArtika -pra0 vA.

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jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA [233 pramANa samuccaya-pra0 samu0 pramANa naya tatvAranAvavArikA-pra0 na0 20 pramANa naya tattvAlokAlaMkAra -pra0 na0 prameya kamala mArtaNDa -pra0 ka0 mA0 pravacanasAra TIkA-prava0 TI0 prazna vyAkaraNa -prazna prazAphnA-prajJA prajJApanA vRti -prazA0 0 pacAstikAya -paMcA paMcAstikAya TI0-paMcA0 TI0 brahmasUtra (zAMkara mASya) brahma zA0 bhagavatI jor3a-bhaga jor3a bhagavatI vRti -maga0 vR0 magavatI sUtra-bhaga bhAgavata skandha-bhA0 ska0 bhAratIya darzana-bhA0 da. bhApA rahasya-mA0 ra0 minu nyAyakarNikA-mitu0 nyA0 majjhimanikAya-ma0ni0 mAdhyamika kArikA-mA0 kA0 mImAsA zloka vArtika-mI0 zlo0 vA. muNDakopaniSad-muNDa0 kopa0 merI jIvana gAthA (gaNeza prasAda varNI) -merI0 yoga dRSTi samuccaya-yo0 60 za0 laghIya-jayI0 loka prakAza-lo0pra0 vAzya pradIpa-vA0pra0 bAtsAyana bhASya-vA0bhA0

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234] jaina darzana meM pramANa mImAMsA vAda dvAtriMzikA (siddhisena)-vA0 dvA0 vizeSAvazyaka bhASya-vi0 mA0 vizeSAvazyaka bhASya vRkSa-vi0 mA0 30 viSNu purANa-vi0 pu0 vRhadAraNyakopaniSad -bRhadeg upa0 vedAnta sAra-ve sA sanmati tarka prakaraNa-sanma sanmati tarka prakaraNa TIkA-sanma0 TI. samavAyAga-sama0 sarvArtha siddhi sarvA0 si0 sUtra kRtAga-sU0 sUtra kRtAga vRtti-sU0 0 saMyukta nikAya-sa0 ni. sAkhya kaumudI-sA0 ko svayaMbhU stotra-svayaM sthAnAga-sthA0 sthAnAga sUtra--sthA0 sU0 syAdavAda maJjarI-syA0 ma0 zArIrika bhASya-zA bhA0 zAstra vArtA samuccaya-zA0 vA. sa. zvetAzvataropaniSada--zvetAzva0 upa0 jJAna vindu-jJA0 vi0 Rgaveda-mRga

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lekhaka kI anya kRtiyAM jaina darzana ke maulika tattva (pahalA bhAga) " " " .(dUsarA bhAga) jaina dharma aura darzana jaina paramparA kA itihAsa jaina darzana meM jJAna-mImAMsA jaina darzana meM tattva-bhImAMsA jaina darzana meM bhAcAra-bhImAMsA jaina tatva cintana jIva ajIva pratikramaNa (saTIka) ahisA tattva darzana ahiMsA ahiMsA kI sahI samana ahiMsA aura usake vicAraka madhu-vINA (saMskRta-hindI) A~khe kholo mAnata-darzana aNumata eka pragati aNunata-Andolana : eka adhyayana 060pra0 mI0 AcAryazrI tulasI ke jIvana para eka dRSTi anubhava cintana manana Aja, phala, parasoM vizva sthiti vijaya yAtrA vijaya ke mAloka meM bAla dIkSA para manovaijJAnika dRSTikoNa zramaNa saMskRti kI do dhArAeM saMbodhi (saMskRta-hindI) kucha dekhA, kucha sunA, kucha samajhA phUla aura agAre (kavitA) mukulam (saMskRta-hindI) bhikSAvRti dharmabodha ( 3 bhAga) unnIsavIM sadI kA nayA AviSkAra nayavAda dayAdAna dharma aura loka vyavahAra mikSu vicAra darzana saMskRta bhAratIya saMskRtizca