Jain Adhyayan ki Pragati

Author(s): Dalsukh Malvania
Publisher: Jain Sanskruti Sanshodhan Mandal Banaras
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/010199/1

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PARTY NEW THAR - 11 Dainik paparhapa Japan 50 MANAware R bhArata-sA - : - // maram - -- ve P- - A HAMAR rok RAPHY KEE THAN HAYAN AS MES ARTH . ." PATI ArFN vipradAsa

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jaina adhyayana kI pragati avasara [ akhila bhAratIya prAcya vidyA pariSad ke 13 meM adhivezana ke. para dillI meM 'prAkRta aura jainadharma' vibhAga ke adhyakSa pada se tA. 28-12-57 ko diyA gayA vyAkhyAna / ] bhAratI prAkRti RA patrikA naM0 23 dalasukha maulAya akAdamI.. kramAMka 89.41....... jaina saMskRti saMzodhana maNDala

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upasthita vidvadvRnda ! sarvaprathama Apa saba gurujanoM kA AbhAra mAnanA maiM apanA kartavya samajhatA hU~ ki Apane mujhe isa pada para baiThA diyA / kintu jaba maiM apanI yogyatA kA vicAra karatA hU~ taba yaha pratIta hotA hai ki Apane mujha jaise vyakti ko avasara diyA hai usakA kAraNa merI vidvattA nahIM kintu jaina dharma aura prAkRta bhASA ke kSetra meM adhyayana karanevAloM kI kamI - yaha hai / ' jo isa kSetra meM vidvattA rakhate haiM unhoMne puna: isa pada ko svIkAra karanA ucita nahIM samajhA hogA taba mere jaise tuccha vyakti ko yaha avasara unhoMne diyA - aisA maiM hRdaya se mAnatA hU~ / mere liye yaha zrAnanda aura pratiSThA kI vastu hone para bhI jaba maiM anubhava karatA, hU~ ki jaina dharma aura prAkRta bhASA kA kSetra vidvAnoM dvArA upekSita hai taba hRdaya duHkha kA anubhava karatA hai / aura isa upekSA ke kAraNoM kI khoja kI aura mana svataH pravRtta ho jAtA hai / ina kAraNoM ko carcA ke pahale maiM divaMgata zrAtmA DaoN0 harTala kA smaraNa karanA apanA kartavya samajhatA hU~ / DaoN0 harTala kA paricaya Apa sabako dene kI zrAvazyakatA nahIM / jaina sAhitya ke kSetra meM kathA sAhitya kA jo sAMskRtika dRSTi se mahattva hai usa ora vidvAnoM kA dhyAna zrAkRSTa karane kA zreya DaoN0 harTala ko thA / unakI 84 varSa kI Ayu meM gata varSa mRtyu huI usase jo kSati huI usakI pUrti ho nahIM sakatI / 1 ' isa duHkhada ghaTanA ke sAtha hI jaba hama kucha zrAnandadAyaka ghaTanAnoM kI zrora dhyAna dete haiM taba hamArA hRdaya gadgad ho jAtA hai aura aisA lagatA hai ki isa upekSita kSetra meM kArya karane vAloM kI sarAhanA bhAratavarSa ke manISI aura rajanaitika netA bhI karane lage haiM yaha eka zubha lakSaNa hai| pichale jUna ke * mahIne meM prajJAcakSu paMDita sukhalAlajI kA abhinandana samAroha 'akhila bhAratIya paMDita sukhalAlajI sanmAna samiti' jisake adhyakSa zrImorArajI desAI the, kI ora se yambaI meM huA / uparASTrapati DaoN0 rAdhAkRSNan ke karakamaloM se paMDitajI ke lekhoM ko 'darzana aura cintana' nAmaka saMgraha jo tIna bhAgoM meM mudrita thA, unheM samarpita kiyA gayA aura 55 hajAra rupayoM kI thailI bhI, do 3

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gii| usake bAda akTUbara meM gujarAta yunivarsiTI ne unheM DI0 liTa kI upAdhi se vibhUSita karake rAjanaitika netAoM ke sthAna meM vidvAn kA sammAna karane kI prathA kA punaruddhAra kiyaa| jaina sAhitya kI upekSA kyoM ? __ jaina dharma kA sAhitya prAkRta, saMskRta, apabhraMza, kannaDa, tAmila, rAjasthAnI aura gujarAtI meM jo upalabdha hai vaha itanA vyApaka aura vividha vidyA ke kSetroM ko sparza karane vAlA hai ki zAyada hI koI viSaya aisA hogA jo achUtA rahA ho| phira bhI Adhunika vidvanoM kI upekSA isake adhyayana ke prati kyoM rahIyaha eka vicAraNIya prazna hai| - jaina dharma bhAratavarSa kA eka prAcIna aura svataMtra dharma hai-isa viSaya meM aba tajjJa vidvAnoM meM sadeha nahI / eka samaya thA jaba kucha vidvAnoM ne apane hI ajJAna ke kAraNa ise bauddha yA vaidika dharma kI zAkhA ke rUpa meM batA diyA thA aura Aja bhI kucha vidvAna use vaidika dharma kI zAkhA batAte haiM / kintu prAcIna vaidika darzana aura prAcAroM ke sAtha jaba prAcIna jaina darzana aura prAcAroM kI tulanA karate haiM taba spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki ina donoM meM maulika antara hai| prAcAra meM donoM dharmoM meM bhAge cala kara samanvaya kA prayatna dekhA jAtA hai kintu dArzanika mAnyatA meM Aja bhI maulika bheda kAyama hai| aisI sthiti meM jaina dharma ko vaidika dharma yA darzana kI zAkhA kahanA ThIka nhiiN| itanI prAsaMgika carcA ke bAda maiM mUla prazna ki jaina dharma ke sAhitya kI upekSA kyoM huI isa para zrAtA huuN| isa prazna kA uttara sahaja nhiiN| hameM isake liye Aja se DhAI hajAra varSa pUrva ke itihAsa taka jAnA hogA / jaina dharma kI prakRti kA vicAra karanA hogaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra aura buddha samakAlIna the| kintu donoM kI prakRti meM jo bheda dekhA jAtA hai vahI bheda jaina aura bauddha dharma meM bhI hai| jaina dharma sAdhakoM kA dharma hai| usameM pracAra gauNa hai| bauddha dharma sAdhakoM kA dharma ho kara bhI sAdhanA ke samAna hI usameM pracAra kA bhI mahatva hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne tIrthakara vana kara vihAra karake jaina dharma kA pracAra kiyA yaha saca hai| kintu pracAra meM unhoMne isa bAta para vizeSa dhyAna diyA ki sAdhaka apanI sAdhanA meM rata rahe, duniyA se dUra rahe aura apanA kalyANa kreN| kiMtu unakA yaha upadeza nahIM rahA ki sAdhaka sAdhanA ke samaya bhI dharma pracAra ke kArya meM utanA hI dhyAna de jitanA

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apanI sAdhanA meM / yahI kAraNa hai ki tripiTaka meM buddha ke 'caratha bhikkhave cArikAM " bahujana hitAya bahujanasukhAya' jaise vAkya milate haiM kintu jaina AgamoM meM aise vAkya nahIM milate | pariNAma spaSTa hai ki buddha ke samaya kA eka prabhAvazAlI dharma hokara bhI jaina dharma pracAra kI dRSTi se pichar3a gyaa| svayaM piTaka isa bAta ke sAkSI haiM ki jahA~ kahIM buddha gaye prAyaH sarvatra bar3e-bar3e nagaroM meM prabhAvazAlI nirgrantha upAsako se unakA mukAbalA huA aura anta meM bauddha dharma kA prabhAva bar3hA | 1 pracAra ko prAdhAnya nahIM hone se jaina dharma bauddha dharma ke samakSa apanA prabhAva kAyama na rakha sakA kintu sAhitya nirmANa kI dRSTi se bhI yaha pichar3a gayA yaha bAta nahIM hai | tripiTaka aura unakI kathA ke atirikta pAli meM anya bauddha sAhitya nahIM banA hai jaba ki prAkRta meM jaina sAhitya nirmANa kI avicchinna dhArA bIsavI zatAbdI taka kAyama rahI hai / bauddha dharma kA mahAyAnI sAhitya ! saMskRta meM likhA gayA aura jaina dharma kA bhI sAhitya saMskRta meM likhA gayA / caudahavIM zatAbdI ke bAda bauddha saMskRta sAhitya prAyaH nahI likhA gayA jaba ki 3 jaina saMskRta sAhitya kA nirmANa Aja bhI ho rahA hai / bauddha sAhitya solonI, tibbatI, cInI Adi bhAratIyetara bhASAoM meM apane pracAra kSetra ke kAraNa likhA jAtA rahA jaba ki jaina sAhitya apabhraMza aura tajjanya prAcIna aura Adhunika bhAratIya prAdezika bhASAoM meM maryAdita rahA / jaina aura bauddha donoM dharmoM kA prativAda karane ke lie vaidika vidvAn saMnaddha the kintu apanI saMskRtabhakti aura apanazadveSa ke kAraNa jaina AgamoM aura pAli piTakoM se vaidika vidvAn prAyaH anabhijJa hI rahe / aisA abhI eka bhI pramANa dekhane meM nahIM zrAyA jisase spaSTa siddha ho ki prAcIna kAla ke vaidika vidvAno ne prAkRta yA pAli ke grantha dekhakara unakI vistRta zrAlocanA kI ho / | vaidiko dvArA AlocanA taba hI sabhava huI jaba jaina aura bauddha granthoM kA nirmANa 'saMskRta meM hone lagA / r zrAlocanA- pratyAlocanA kA kSetra khAsa kara vAdapradhAna dArzanika saMskRta sAhitya hai / jainoM kI apekSA bauddhoM ne isa kSetra meM prathama praveza kiyA / jaina paramparA ke siddhasena aura samantabhadra ke pahale bhI nAgArjuna jaise prasiddha bauddha dArzanika apanA prabhAva isa kSetra meM jamA cuke the aura vaidika dArzanikoM meM eka halacala paidA kara cuke the / vAtsyAyana jaise vaidikoM ne nAgArjuna ke pakSa kA khaMDana kiyA thA aura unako vasubandhu aura dignAga jaise diggaja bauddha dArzanikoM

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dvArA uttara bhI mila cukA thaa| yahI samaya hai jaba jaina dArzanikoM ne bhI isa kSetra meM padArpaNa kiyA aura siddhasena, mallavAdI, samantabhadra jaise pravala jaina - dArzanikoM ne vaidika aura bauddha vidvAnoM ke matoM kA khaNDana kiyaa| usa samaya ke bAda ke granthoM ke dekhane se yaha pratIta hotA hai ki samantabhadra yA mallavAdI ke granthoM meM jo praur3ha pAMDitya aura vAdakSamatA hai vaha usa samaya ke kisI bhI caidika yA bauddha vidvAno ke granthoM se kama nhiiN| phira bhI Age calakara jisa prakAra bauddha aura vaidika vidvAnoM ke bIca pArasparika khaNDana kA jo tAMtA laga gayA vaisA jaina aura bauddhoM ke bIca yA jaina aura vaidika ke bIca dekhA nahIM jAtA / hama spaSTa rUpa se pAte haiM ki bauddha aura vaidikoM meM uttarottara eka ke bAda eka paraspara khaMDana karane vAle vidvAnoM kA tAMtA-sA laga gayA hai| kumAV rila, udghotakara, dharmakIrti, prajJAkara, zaMkarAcArya, zAMtarakSita, kamalazIla, vAcaspati mizra, jetAri, jayanta, durveka, udayana, jJAnazrI zrAdi vidvAnoM ke nAma dArzanika sAhitya ke kSetra meM tejasvI tAro kI taraha camakate haiN| inake granthoM ko dekhane se spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki ina vidvAnoM ne paraspara jo khaMDana kiyA hai vaha apane se pUrva hone vAle vidvAnoM ke granthoM ko apane samakSa rakha kara hI kiyA hai| yaha kAla vastutaH bauddha aura vaidika vidvAnoM ke bIca pravala saMgharSa kA kAla rahA-isakI sAkSI vaidika aura bauddha dArzanika graMtha dete haiN| kiMtu bauddha aura vaidikoM ke isa dIrghakAlIna saMgharSa meM jainoM kA kyA sthAna rahA isakA jaba vicAra karate haiM taba nirAza honA paDhanA hai| nAgArjuna se lekara jJAnazrI taka ke bauddha dArzanika grantha dekheM yA vAtsyAyana se gaMgeza taka ke vaidika grantha dekheM taba yaha nahIM patA lagatA ki una dArzanikoM ke samakSa jaina pakSa bhI koI mahattvapUrNa pakSa thaa| sumati yA pAtrakesarI jaise jaina vidvAnoM ke matoM kA vistRta khaDana bauddha granthoM meM dekhA jAtA hai avazya, kintu vaha prAsaMgika hai aura prAyaH 'etena' kI prakriyA se hai| syAdvAda yA anekAnta jaise vAda kI samIkSA bhI sAMkhya aura mImAMsakoM ke sAtha kara dI gaI hai| aura to aura zaMkarAcArya jaise vidvAn vaidika dArzanika ne bhI anekAntavAda kA jo khaNDana kiyA vaha itanA |chichorA hai ki unake nAma ko zobhA bhI nahI detA aura unake bAda ke vedAnta ke vidvAnoM ne usameM kucha bhI apanI ora se vizeSa joDA nahIM hai| itanI carcA se itanA spaSTa hai ki dArzanikoM ke isa saMgharSa kAla meM jaina pakSa bilakula gauNa rahA / saMgharSa kevala bauddha aura vaidikoM ke bIca rhaa| / aisA hote hue bhI jaba hama usI dIrgha kAla ke bIca hone vAle jaina dArza

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nikoM ke grantha dekhate haiM taba aisA pratIta hotA hai ki bauddha aura vaidikoM ke isa saMgharSa kA pUrA lAbha jainoM ne bhI uThAyA hai / mallavAdI ho yA samantabhada, . akalaMka ho yA haribhadra, vidyAnandra ho yA abhayadeva, prabhAcanda ho yA vAdI deva, hemacandra ho yA yazovijaya-ina sabhI jaina vidvAnoM ke dArzanika graMtha isa vAta kI sAkSI dete haiM ki unhoMne apane-apane kAla ke bar3e-bar3e bauddha aura vaidika vidvAnoM ke matoM kI vistRta samIkSA kI hai aura khAsa kara una donoM ke saMgharSa se niSpanna donoM kI khUbiyoM aura khAmiyoM kA parijJAna karake apane granthoM ko samRddha kiyA hai| itanA hI nahIM kintu vAdI aura prativAdI donoM kI dalIlo ko sunane vAle nyAyAdhIza ke nirNaya meM jo tATasthya hotA hai aura , donoM ke samanvaya kA jo prayatna hotA hai vaisA hI tATasthya aura prayatna ina jaina vidvAnoM ke granthoM meM dekhA jAtA hai| mallavAdI kA nayacakra, haribhadra kA zAkhavArtAsamuccaya,' akalaMka kA rAjavArtika aura nyAyavinizcaya, vidyAnaMda kI aSTasahasrI aura tattvArthazlokavArtika, abhayadeva kA vAdamahArNava zrAdi graMtha jaina darzana ke apane-apane kAla ke utkRSTa grantha hai| itanA hI nahIM kintu usa kAla ke vaidika aura bauddha granthoM kI tulanA meM bhI unakA sthAna uccatara nahI to barAvarI kA to hai hii| itanA hote hue bhI ina granthoM kA upayoga tatkAlIna yA uttarakAlIna bauddha yA vaidika vidvAnoM ne nahIMvata kiyA hai-yaha bhI eka satya hakIkata hai| yA yoM kahanA cAhie ki jainoM kA prayatna bAda meM utarane kA rahA aura utare bhI kintu vaha prayatna ekapakSIya rhaa| arthAt jainAcAryoM ne to apane-apane kAla ke samartha dArzanikoM ke vividha mato kI vistRta samAlocanA apane granthoM meM kI kintu jaina zrAcAryoM ko uttara nahIM diyA gyaa| isake anya kAraNa jo bhI rahe ho kintu mere mata se eka kAraNa yaha to avazya hai ki jaino ne grantho kI racanA karake unheM apane bhaDAroM meM to avazya rakhe kintu una grantho kA pracAra nahIM kiyaa| isakA pramANa yaha hai ki jaina granthoM kI hastapratoM kI prApti prAyaH kisI bhI jainetara graMtha bhaMDAra meM nahIM hotii| isake viparIta jaina grathAgAroM meM jainoM ke alAvA bauddha aura. vaidika graMthoM kI saikar3oM kyA sahanoM hastapratiyA~ maujUda haiN| isase eka bAta to siddha hotI hai ki jaina vidvAn apane graMthAgAroM ko sabhI prakAra ke graMthoM se samRddha karate the| itanA hI nahIM kintu jaina granthoM ko bhI jaina-ajaina sabhI prakAra kI sAmagrI se samRddha karate the| kintu jaina granthoM kA upayoga jainetaroM ne utanI hI mAtrA meM kiyA ho usakA pramANa upalabdha nahIM hotaa| aisA kyoM huA? isakA jaba hama vicAra karate haiM to hameM usI, jaina

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prakRti para thAnA par3atA hai| bauddhoM ke sthAna-sthAna para apane vihAra hote the jahA~ bauddha bhikSu sthAyI rUpa se rahate the aura apanA adhyayana adhyApana karate the| yahI bAta caidika vidvAnoM ke viSaya meM bhI thii| arthAt unakA nivAsa sthAna sthAyI hotA thA / bauddha vihAra eka prakAra se Age calakara vidyApITha kA rUpa le lete the aura yahI bAta vaidikoM ke maThoM kI bhI hai| kintu jainoM ke aise. na vihAra the, na stth| jaina AcArya to eka sthAna meM raha nahI sakate the sadA vicaraNa karate the| ataeva unakI vidyAparaMparA sthAyI rUpa le nahIM pAtI thii| pustakoM kA bojha lekara ve vihAra bhI nahIM kara sakate the| pustaka likhakara bhAMDAra meM rakha dI aura apane Age cala par3e-yahI prAyaH una jaina vidvAnoM kI jIvana prakriyA thii| bIca-bIca meM kucha jaina zrAcAryoM ne caityavAsa ke rUpa meM sthAyI ho jAne kA prayatna kiyA kintu jaina saMgha meM aise prAcAryoM kI pratiSThA Tika nahIM sakI aura Age calakara punaH grAmAnugrAma vicaraNa karane vAlo kI pratiSThA hone lagI aura caityavAsI paraparA hIna dRSTi se dekhI jAne lgii| aisI sthiti meM vidyAparaMparA kA sAtatya aura pracAra saMbhava nahIM thaa| jainetarI ko jaina mata jAnane kA sAdhana jaina grantha nahIM kintu jaina vyakti hI rhaa| aisI sthiti meM jainetara granthoM meM jaina grantha ke Azraya se vicAra honA saMbhava na thaa| ataeva hama dekhate haiM ki jainetara anyoM meM jaina mata aura granthoM kI carcA nahIMvat hai| jainoM ke pakSa kI carcA anya grantho meM nahIM milatI isakA eka kAraNa aura bhI hai aura vaha yaha hai ki dArzanikoM meM prAyaH apane se virodhI vAdoM kI samIkSA karane kA prayatna dekhA jAtA hai| bauddha aura vaidika mantavyoM meM jesA aikAntika virodha hai vaisA jaina aura vaidikoM meM yA bauddha aura jaina meM paraspara aikAntika virodha hai bhI nhiiN| ataeva vaidika aura bauddha paraspara prabala virodhI mantavyoM kI vicAraNA kare yaha svAbhAvika hai| jainoM ne to dArzanika dRSTi se bauddha aura vaidikoM ke dArzanika virodha ko anekAnta ke zrAzraya se miTAne kA prayatna kiyA hai| aisI sthiti meM jainAcArya bauddha yA vaidika zrAcAryoM ke samakSa eka pravala virodhI rUpa se upasthita nahIM bhI hote haiN| yaha bhI eka kAraNa hai ki jainAcAryoM ke granthoM kI carcA yA pracAra anya dArzanikoM meM nahIM huaa| eka aura dArzanika dRSTi se prabala virodhI pakSa ke rUpa meM jaina pakSa ko jaba sthAna nahIM milA tava jainoM ke sAhitya ko dekhane kI jijJAsA kA utthAna hI jainetaroM meM nahIM huA to dUsarI ora jainoM ko apane mantavyoM ko likhita

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rUpa meM sarvatra pracArita karane kI preraNA yA AvazkatA bhI pratIta nahIM huii| ve apane bhaktoM ke bIca hI apane sAhitya kA pracAra karate rahe / bhaktoM meM bhI zrAvaka yA upAsaka varga to una hastalikhita pothiyoM kI pUjA hI kara sakatA thA kintu par3hane kI AvazyakatA mahasUsa nahIM karatA thaa| sAdhuvarga meM bhI kucha hI sAdhu saMskRta-prAkRta par3ha-likha sakate the anya adhika saMkhyA to aisI hI hotI thI jo vAhya tapasyA zrAdi sAdhanoM ke dvArA hI apanI unnati meM lage hue the| aisI sthiti meM saba viSayoM meM sadaiva sAhitya kA sarjana hokara bhI pracAra meM pAyA nahIM to isameM zrAzcarya kI bAta nahIM hai| ___ aMgreja yahA~ Aye aura usake bAda mudraNa-kalA kA vikAsa huaa| prArambha meM to jaina pustakoM ke prakAzana kA hI virodha huA aura vaha virodha maryAdita rUpa meM Aja bhI hai| kintu jaba vevara, yAkobo aura moniyara viliyamsa jaise vidvAnoM ne jaina sAhitya kA mahattva parakhA aura usakI upayogitA rASTrIya sAMskRtika itihAsa kI dRSTi se bhI atyadhika hai-isa bAta ko kahA taba vidvAnoM kA , dhyAna jaina sAhitya kI ora gyaa| kintu durbhAgya yaha hai ki prakAzita jaina sAhitya kI mAtrA atyadhika hote hue bhI prAkRta aura apabhraMza bhASA usake vizeSa adhyayana meM bAdhaka isaliye huI ki saskRta ke adhyayana adhyApana kI paraparA ke samAna prAkRta-apabhraza kI adhyayana adhyApana parapasa bhAratavarSa meM thI hI nhiiN| aura jo jaina sAhitya prakAzita bhI huA usakA adhikAMza isa dRSTa se to prakAzita huA hI nahIM ki isakA upayoga jainetara vidvAn apane saMzodhana kArya meM bhI kreN| ataeva hama dekhate haiM ki atyadhika grantha patrAkAra mudrita hue aura unameM vistRta prastAvanA, anukramaNikA aura zabdasUciyA~ Adi upayogI sAmagrI dI nahIM gaI aura Adhunika saMzodhana paddhati se unakA sapAdana bhI nahIM huaa| ina kAraNoM se vidvAnoM kI upekSA zrAdhunika kAla meM bhI jaina sAhitya ke prati rhii| adhyayana kI AvazyakatA isa upekSA ke kAraNa jaina darzana ke marma ko pakaDanA prAcIna aura Adhunika kAla ke vidvAnoM ke lie kaThina ho gayA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki anekAnta ke viSaya meM prAcIna kAla meM zaMkarAcArya dvArA diye gae zrAkSepoM ko jisa prakAra anya vedAntI vidvAn doharAte rahe uso prakAra Adhunika vidvAnoM meM kisI eka ne jo zrAkSepa kiyA dUsaro ke dvArA vahI doharAyA jAtA hai aura prAyaH yaha dekhA jAtA hai ki mUla graMtha aba upalabdha hone para bhI unheM dekhane kA kaSTa

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vidvAna loga nahI uThAte / vidvAnoM ke AkSepoM kA uttara dene kA to yaha sthAna nahIM / jinheM jijJAsA ho ve paM0 mahendra kumAra dvArA likhita 'jaina darzana' dekheN| kintu jaba aAja saha-astitva aura pacazIla kI bAta kahI aura pracArita kI jAtI haiM taba yaha vicAranA to zrAvazyaka ho gayA hai ki yaha saha-astitva aura paMcazIla kI bAta bhAratavarSa meM se hI kyo uThI ? isake pIche kyA bhAratavarSa kI kamajorI hai yA bhAratIya saMskRti kA jIvAtubhUta tatva samanvaya kI bhAvanA hai ? merI tuccha samajha meM to yaha AtA hai ki vaidika kAla se calI AI samanvaya kI bhAvanA kA hI carama vikAsa rAjanaitika kSetra meM saha-astitva aura paMcazIla kA siddhAnta hai| kamajora aura choTe rASTra to aura bhI haiM kintu unhoMne to saha-astitva kI AvAja nahIM utthaaii| ataeva yaha mAnanA par3egA ki vividha vicAro kI krIDAbhUmi bhAratavarSa meM se hI uThanevAlI yaha aAvAja usakI apanI prAcIna paraparA ke anukUla hai| veda kAla meM bahudevavAda ke virodha kA samanvaya 'eka sadviprA bahudhA vadanti' yaha thaa| upanipad meM to brahmatattva ke sAkSAtkAyo ne brahma ko 'aNoraNIyAn mahato mahIyAn', 'taram akSaraM ca vyaktAvyaktam' kaha karake eka prakAra se do virodhI dharmoM kA samanvaya eka brahma meM kiyA hai| eka ora brahma ko avAcya batAyA gayA aura dUsarI ora use samajhAne ke lie hI to upaniSadoM kI racanA huii| upanipadI meM jagat ke mUla meM sat, asat, vAyu, zrAkAza, agni prAdi kaI padArthoM ko batAyA gayA, to Akhira ina saba kI ekavAkyatA brahma padArtha meM kI gaIyaha saba mere vicAra se samanvaya kI hI bha vanA ke kAraNa zakya huA hai / itanA hI nahIM kintu bhAratavarSa ke samagra darzanoM ko adhikArI bheda se nirUpita karake carama sImA para brahmavAda ko rakhA gayA yaha bhI usI kI ora saMketa hai| bauddha darzana ke paraspara virodhI saMpradAyoM kI bhI buddha ke upadeza ke sAtha saMgati adhikAra bheda ko lekara hI kI gaI aura zUnyavAda ko carama sImA meM viThAyA gayA- yaha samanvaya nahIM to kyA hai ? aisI sthiti meM bhAratavarSa ke samagra darzanoM kA samanvaya karane vAlA jaina da.zanikoM kA anekAntavAda aba kevala AkSepoM yA upekSA kA viSaya na raha kara abhyAsa kA viSaya bane yaha Avazyaka hai| jahA~ anya dArzanikoM ne maulika virodha ko virodha na mAna kara kevala saiddhAntika samanvaya kI bAta kI hai vahA~ jainAcAryoM ne usa bAta kI sacAI kisa prakAra siddha hotI hai use vistAra se dikhAne kA apane dArzanika graMthoM meM prayatna kiyA hai / vaidika vAkya meM to siddhAnta rUpase kaha diyA ki 'ekaM sat viprA bahudhA vadanti' kintu isa vaidika vAkya kI sacAI ko siddha karane kA zreya

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yadi kisI ko hai to vaha jainAcAryoM ko hai| jaise-jaise dArzanika vicAroM kA / bhAratavarSa meM vikAsa aura vistAra bar3hatA gayA vaise-vaise jainoM kA anekAnta una saba kA samanvaya karatA gayA yaha vAta kAlakrama se nirmita jaina dArzanika arthoM se siddha hotI hai| vastutaH dekhA jAya to bhAratavarSa ke dArzanika vicAroM ke kramika vikAsa ko apane meM saMniviSTa karanevAle ye jaina grantha upekSA kA nahIM kintu abhyAsa kA viSaya bane yaha Avazyaka hai| . anekAnta kI hI taraha bhAratavarSa meM buddha aura mahAvIra se lekara mahAtmA gA~dhI, vinobA taka hisA ke vicAra kA vikAsa huA hai tathA AcaraNa meM ahiMsA kI vyApakatA kramazaH bar3hate-bar3hate aAja rAjanaitika kSetra meM bhI pahu~ca / gaI hai| aisI ahiMsA ke vizeSa adhyayana kI sAmagrI jaina granthoM meM hai| jisa ahisA ke siddhAnta kA agradUta bhAratavarSa rASTrasamUha meM banA hai usa ahiMsA - kI paramparA kA itihAsa khojanA anivArya hai aura usake lie to jaina grandhoM kA adhyayana anivArya hogA hii| yaha eka acchA lakSaNa hai jisase ki jaina anthoM ke adhyayana kI pragati avazya hogI aisA maiM mAnatA huuN| Adhunika bhASAoM ke vikAsa kA adhyayana bar3ha rahA hai aura prAdezika pracalita bhASAno ke uparAnta boliyoM kA adhyayana bhI ho rahA hai-yaha eka acchI bAta hai jisake kAraNa prAkRta bhASA kA bhApAdRSTi se adhyayana anivArya ho gayA hai| kintu kheda ke sAtha kahanA par3atA hai ki bhAratavarSa ke vizvavidyAlayoM kI upekSA abhI bhI isa ora banI huI hai| jaba taka prAkRta bhASA kA vidhivat adhyayana nahIM hotA taba taka Adhunika prAdezika bhApAtro aura boliyoM kA adhyayana bhI adhUrA hI rhegaa| AzA hai isa ora vizvavidyAlaya ke adhikArIvarga dhyAna deMge aura isa kamI ko pUrA kreNge| sAhityoddhAra ke prayatna yAkobI jaise kucha vidvAnoM ne jaina granthoM ke Adhunika paddhati se saskaraNa prakAzita karake vidvAnoM ko isa sAhitya ke prati AkRSTa kiyA / Adhunika yuga pracAra-yuga hai / ataeva usakA asara jainoM meM bhI huA aura isa dizA meM bhI prayatna hue / phalasvarUpa mANikacaMda digambara jaina granthamAlA, siMghI jaina granthamAlA, jaina sAhitya uddhAraka phaMDha granthamAlA, AtmAnanda jaina granthamAlA, mUrtidevI jaina anya mAlA, jIvarAja jaina grantha mAlA, zrAdi granthamAlAoM meM * zrAdhunika DhaMga se jaina pustakeM prakAzita hone lgiiN| itanA hote hue bhI jaina

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30 sAhitya kI vizAlatA aura vyApakatA dekhate hue ye prayatna apane Apa meM mahatvapUrNa hote hue bhI paryApta nahIM hai| abhI to samana jaina sAhitya ko Adhunika saMzodhana paddhati se prakAzita karane kA mahat kArya vidvAnoM ke samakSa par3A hai aura aise kArya kevala vyaktigata prayatnoM se nahIM kintu saMmilita hokara pArasparika sahakAritA se hI ho sakate haiN| kheda ke sAtha kahanA par3atA hai ki jinoM ke sAMpradAyika abhiniveza ke kAraNa unakI yaha sAhityika bahumUlya sapatti adhyayana ke kSetra se lupta ho rahI hai kintu ve buddhipUrvaka prayatna nahIM kara rahe haiN| jaba mUla saMskRta-prAkRta-apabhraMza grantha ke prakAzana kI yaha hAlata hai to unake AdhAra para aAdhunika bhApAoM meM likhe gaye adhyayana granthoM kI bAta uThatI hI nhiiN| hajAroM kI tAdAda meM mUla jaina granthoM ke hote hue bhI unake AdhAra para likhe gaye adhyayana grantha aMguliyoM para bhI nahIM gine jA sakate yaha hAlata hai / ' aisI paristhiti meM jaina sAhitya ke adhyayana-adhyApana, prakAzana Adi ke lie jo bhI prayatna ho unakA svAgata hameM karanA caahie| parama saMtoSa kI bAta hai ki bihAra sarakAra ne saMskRta pAli ke atirikta prAkRta vidyApITha kI bhI sthApanA I0 1956 meM kI hai aura usakA saMcAlana DA0 hIrAlAla jaina jaise pratiSTita vidvAn ko saupA hai| AzA kI jAtI hai ki yaha vidyApITha jaina sAhitya ke bahumukhI adhyayana kA eka mahattvapUrNa kendra bana jaaygaa| rASTra pati DA. rAjendraprasAda kA dhyAna bhI isa upekSita kSetra kI ora gayA yaha parama saubhAgya kI bAta huI / unake satprayatnoM se prAkRta TeksTa sosAiTI kI sthApanA 1953 meM huI hai aura prAraMbhika kArya vyavasthita hokara aba vaha bhI isa kSetra meM kArya karane lagI hai| munirAja zrI puNyavijayajI kA sampUrNa sahakAra ise prApta hai| prArambha meM jaina AgamoM ke saMzodhita saMskaraNa tathA anya sAMskRtika mahatva ke prAkRta granthoM kA prakAzana karane kI yojanA hai| isase vidvAnoM ko AdhArabhUta maulika prAmANika sAmagrI adhyayana ke lie milegii| pichale akTUbara meM seTha zrI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAI ne apane pitA kI smRti meM 'bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmaMdira' kI sthApanA ahamadAvAda meM kI hai| prAraMbha meM yaha saMsthA jaina bhaDAro ko, jo ki kaI sthAnoM meM haiM, unheM ekana karake vyavasthita kregii| isase vidvAnoM ko yaha subhItA ho jAyagA ki unhe abhISTa granthoM kI pratiyA~ eka hI sthAna se mila skegii| zrAzA kI jAtI hai ki vidvAnoM ko hastalikhita pratiyoM ko prApta karane meM jo kaThinAI kA anubhava karanA par3atA hai vaha isase dUra ho jAyaga / abhI-abhI navambara meM dillI meM honevAle vizvadharma sammelana -

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meM ahiMsA ke viSaya meM eka vidyApITha sthApita karane kI yojanA banAI gaI hai| usase bhI jaina saMzodhana ko bala milegaa| banArasa ke pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama kI jaina sAhitya ke itihAsa kI yojanA pragati kara rahI hai aura vidvAnoM ke sahakAra se vaha pUrNa hogo taba jaina sAhitya kA mahattva aura usakI vyApakatA pratyakSa hogI / banArasa kA jaina saskRti sazodhana maMDala bhI isa kSetra meM apanI sImita zaktiyoM ke hote hue bhI kArya kara rahA hai / zvetAmbara jaina kAnphrensa, bambaI, mahAvIra tIrthakSetra samiti, jayapura aura vIra sevA maMdira, dillI kA vizeSa dhyAna jaina bhaMDAroM ko vyavasthita karane kI ora gayA hai aura unake dvArA hastalikhita pratinoM ko sUciyA~ prakAzita ho rahI haiN| phalasvarUpa kaI ajJAta granthoM kA patA calA hai aura granthastha prazastioM ke prakAzana dvArA kaI aitihAsika tathyoM ko upalabdhi huI hai| . jaina zrAgoM ke Adhunika paddhati se saMzodhita saMskaraNa, anuvAda ke sAtha prakAzita karane kA prayatna zvetAmbara sthA0 kAnphrensa, zvetAmbara terApaMthI mahAsabhA aura prAkRta TeksTa sosAiTI ye tInoM saMsthAe~ kara rahI haiM / yadi ye saMsthAe~ paraspara sahakAra se isa mahattvapUrNa kArya meM laga jAyeM to kArya kI saMpUrti sahaja aura sucAru rUpa se hogii| __ yaha parama harSa kI bAta hai ki DA. hIrAlAlajI ke prayatna se siddhAnta grantha paTakhaNDAgama kA dhavalATIkA ke sAtha jo prakAzana ho rahA thA vaha aba 16 bhAgoM meM sampUrNa ho gayA hai| kapAyapAhuDa bhI sAnuvAda prakAzita ho gayA hai aura mahAbaMdha bhI pUrNa hone jA rahA hai| isa taraha se digambara saMpradAya ke Agama granthoM kA yaha prakAzana 'aba samAptaprAya hai aura jaina dharma ke karma siddhAnta ko jAnane kA eka uttama sAdhana vidvAnoM ko upalabdha ho gayA hai| I01656-57 kI pragati maulika saMzodhana ke kSetra meM Dekkana kAleja, pUnA sarAhanIya kArya kara rahI hai| usake dvArA prakAzita DaoN. deva kA History of Jaina Monachism aura DA0 dAvane kA Nominal Composition in Middle-IndoAryan atyanta mahatvapUrNa grantha haiN| DA0 deva ne jaina zramaNoM ke prAcAroM kA kAlakrama se mUla prAkRta aura saskRta granthoM se nirUpaNa eka bahuzrata vidvAn kI yogyatA se kiyA hai| bhUmikA rUpa se unhoMne zramaNa paraparA kA prAdurbhAva kaise huzrA isa samasyA ke viSaya meM vividha matoM kI samI ka tAmasvaya

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pradhAna sujhAva rakhA hai aura zramaNa saMgha aura usake prAcAroM ke granthagata tathyoM kA saMvAda upalabdha zilA lekhoM se bhI dikhAyA hai| zramaNoM aura bahujana samAja meM paraspara prAcAroM ke viSaya meM kisa prakAra AdAna-pradAna huA hai yaha bhI sapramANa dikhAne kA saphala prayatna kiyA hai| aba taka jaina darzana ke viSaya meM to aMgrejI meM kucha pustakeM upalabdha thI kintu jaina zramaNoM ke prAcAroM kA sAMgopAMga nirUpaNa huzrA nahIM thaa| DA0 deva kI yaha pustaka isa kSetra meM mArgasUcaka staMbha ke rUpa meM hameM upalabdha huI hai / isa viSaya ke liye kitanI vipula sAmagrI upalabdha hai yaha bhI spaSTa ho gayA hai| DhA0 deva isa kSetra meM apanA adhyayana jArI rakheM aura aise hI utkRSTa grantha ko bheMTa hameM dete raheM yahI unase nivedana hai| prAkRta aura pAli bhASA ke samAsoM kA adhyayana DA0 dAvane ne kuzalatApUrvaka karake prAkRta bhASA ke isa viSaya ke pradhyayana kI jo kamI thI use dUra kiyA hai / lekhaka ne prAkRta aura pAli bhApA ke samAsI ke prayogoM kA adhyayana kAlakrama se vikAsakrama kI dRSTi se kiyA hai / DA0 dAvane kI yaha pustaka prAkRta aura pAli bhASA ke adhyetAoM ke liye kaI naye tathyoM ko sapramANa upasthita karatI hai| khAsa kara prAkRta vaiyAkaraNoM ne apane prAkRta bhASA ke vyAkaraNoM meM samAsa prakaraNa diyA nahIM hai| prAkRta vyAkaraNa kI isa kamI kI pUti to DA0 dAvane ne kI hI hai| sAtha hI saMskRta aura pAli kI tulanA meM prAkRta samAsoM kI vizeSatA kA bhI digdarzana ho gayA hai| jaina saMskRti saMzodhana maMDala dvArA prakAzita jaina kalA ke kSetra meM labdhapratiSTha vidvAna DA0 umAkAnta zAha kA grantha Studies in Jaina Art jaina kalA viSayaka eka mahatvapUrNa pustaka siddha hogii| vidvAn lekhaka ne isameM uttara bhArata meM upalabdha jaina kalA ke mahattvapUrNa avazeSoM kI vivecanA kI hai| tathA jaina pUjA ke pratIkoM kI aitihAsika AlocanA sarvaprathama vyavasthita rUpa se karane kA zreya bhI prApta kiyA hai| itanA hI nahIM kintu gurjara zilpa kalA kA pArthakya vidvAnoM ke samakSa sapramANa upasthita karane kA satprayatna bhI isa grantha meM lekhaka ne kiyA hai| pustaka jaina kalA ke viSaya meM apUrva hai itanA hI nahIM kintu pratipAdya viSaya kA sAMgopAMga prAmANika nirUpaNa bhI upasthita karatI hai| ____ hAmavUrga se Blubn kA mahAnibandha zIlAMkakRta 'caupanna mahApurusa cariya' ke viSaya meM prakAzita huA hai yaha sUcita karatA hai ki jakovI kI paraMparA jarmanI - -- -amera

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13 meM abhI bhI jIvita hai| zrAcArya zIlAMkakRta 'caupanna mahApurusa cariya' zrabhI prakAzita hai / prAkRta TeksTa sosAiTI use prakAzita karane jA rahI hai / jaina dharma ke pracAra kA bhaugolika dRSTi se varNana karane vAlI aneka pustakoM kI sakalA bana gaI hai / usa sakalA meM pI0 bI0 desAIkRta Jainism in South India and Some Jaina Epigraphs eka mahatvapUrNa kar3I hai / isameM tAmila, telugu aura kannaDa bhASA-bhASI pradezo meM jaina dharma ke pracAra kA aitihAsika zrAdhAroM para varNana hai / tathA haidarAbAda pradeza ke kannaDa zilA lekho kA saMgraha, a~grejI vivaraNa aura hindIsAra ke sAtha pahalI bAra hI diyA gayA hai / pustaka kA prakAzana jIvarAja jaina granthamAlA meM huA hai / usI kakSA meM zrI rAya caudharI ne Jainism in Bihar likhakara eka aura kaDI joDI hai / prAdezika dRSTi se vividha adhyayana grantho ke dvArA hI samagrabhAva se jaina dharma ke pracAra kSetra kA aitihAsika citra vidvAnoM ke samakSa sakatA hai| abhI bhI kaI pradezoM ke viSaya meM likhanA bAkI hI hai / pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama, banArasa se prakAzita DA0 mohana lAla mehatA kA mahAnibandha Jaina Psychology karmazAstra kA mAnasazAstra kI dRSTi se eka viziSTa adhyayana hai / aMgrejI meM DA0 glAjhanapU ne jaina karma mAnyatA kA jaina dRSTi se vivaraNa diyA hI thA kintu usa mAnyatA kA savAda visaMvAda, zrAdhunika mAnasazAstra se tathA anya darzanoM se kisa prakAra hai yaha to sarvaprathama DA0 mehatA ne hI dikhAne kA prayatna kiyA hai / $ kada meM choTI kintu pUjA sabadhI aitihAsika tathyoM ke AdhAra para likhI gaI prasiddha vidvAn zrAcArya kalyANa vijayajI ko 'jinapUjApaddhati' pustikA meM jaina pUjA paddhati meM kAlakrama se kaisA parivartana hotA zrAyA hai isa viSaya kA sundara nirUpaNa hai / M jaina kalcarala risarca sosAiTI dvArA DA0 umAkAnta zAha kA nibaMdha 'suvarNa bhUmi meM kAlakAcArya' prakAzita huA hai / itihAsa ke vidvAnoM kA dhyAna isa pustaka kI ora maiM vizeSataH AkarSita karanA cAhatA hU~ / prathama bAra hI -lekhaka ne prAmANika aAdhAra se ye sthApanAe~ kI haiM ki jainAcArya kAlaka bhAratavarSa ke bAhara suvarNa bhUmi taka gaye the / suvarNabhUmi varmA, malayadvIpakalpa, sumAtrA aura malayadvIpa samUha hai / zrAcArya kAlaka anAma ( caMpA ) taka gaye | I 2

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14 zrAcArya kAlaka hI zyAmArya haiM aura anuyoga kartA bhI haiN| usa nivandha meM itihAsa ke vidvAnoM ke liye vikrama saMvat aura gardabhilla ke viSaya meM bhI punaH vicAra karane kI preraNA hai| usI sosAyaTI kI eka anya pustaka hai 'svAdhyAya' / isameM prAramA ke viSaya meM vicAraNA mahAtmA bhagavAnadIna ne kI hai| __jaina darzana ke AtmasvarUpa ko kendra meM rakha kara samana bhAva se bhAratIya darzanasamata prAtmA aura Izvara ke svarUpa kA tathA zrAdhyAtmika sAdhana kA vizada varNana paMDita zrI sukhalAlajI ne 'adhyAtma vicAraNA' nAma se gujarAtI aura hindI meM prakAzita unake tIna vyAkhyAnoM meM kiyA hai| yaha choTA-sA kintu sAragarbhita grantha dArzanikoM ko bhAratIya darzanoM ko samanvayapradhAna dRSTiH koNa se dekhane kI dRSTi degA isameM saMdeha nahIM hai| yaha grantha adhyAtma kI vicAraNA ke mUla uddezya Atmonnati kI ora bhI agrasara karegA aisA merA vizvAsa hai| darzana ke prasiddha vidvAn paM0 mahendra kumAra nyAyAcArya ne 'jaina darzana hindI meM likha kara vastutaH jaina darzana kA bar3A upakAra kiyA hai| saMskRta jAnane vAloM ko jaina darzana kA adhyayana sulabha thA kintu hindI meM samagra bhAva se jaina darzana kA paricaya denevAlI koI bhI pustaka nahIM thii| isa mahatI kamI kI pUrti kA zreya paM0 mahendra kumAra ko hai| grantha vistAra se likhA gayA hai aura dArzanika vAda-vivAda meM jainoM kA kaisA prayatna rahA isakA acchA citra upasthita karane meM paMDitajI ko saphalatA milI hai| isa grantha kA prakAzana varNI pranthamAlA meM huA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke aitihAsika vistRta caritra kI saMpUrti abhI bAkI hai| phira bhI DA0 upAye kA vyAkhyAna Mahavira and His Philosophy of Life bhagavAn mahAvIra ke jIvana kA jo saMdeza hai use AkarSaka DhaMga se upasthita karatA hai aura bhagavAna mahAvIra ke prati Adara utpanna karane kI paryApta sAmagrI detA hai| lokabhogya jIvana caritra likhane meM siddhahasta lekhaka zrI { vAlAbhAI desAI 'jayabhikkhU ne gujarAtI meM logabhogya aise bhagavAna mahAvIra ke do jIvana caritra nirgrantha bhagavAna mahAvIra' aura 'bhagavAn mahAvIra' / likhe haiN| unase bhagavAn mahAvIra kI jIvana sAdhanA kA acchA paricaya milatA

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hai / jaina kathAoM ko Adhunika DhaGga se sajAkara likhane meM bhI zrI bAlAbhAI kuzala haiM aura zrI ratilAla desAI bhii| ina donoM ke kathAsaMgraha kramazaH 'sadvAcana zreNI' aura 'suvarNa kaMkaNa' ke nAma se prakAzita hue haiN| jIvana ko unnata banAne meM ye kathAeM sahAyaka ho aisI coTa inameM vidyamAna hai| apanaza bhASA kA sAhitya kramazaH prakAzita ho rahA hai kintu abhI kaI prantha aprakAzita hI haiN| DA. harivaMza kochar3a ne 'apabhraza sAhitya' likha kara apabhraMza ke adhyetAoM ke liye eka acchA paricaya grantha upasthita kiyA hai| DA0 kochaTha ne isa gantha meM apabhraMza bhASA kA paricaya usake vikAsa ke / sAtha diyA hai tathA hindI bhASA ke sAtha apabhraMza ke sambandha ko bhI spaSTa kiyA hai / taduparAMta apabhraMza ke vividha sAhityakA paricaya karAyA hai| pichale do varSoM meM abhinandana aura smRti granthoM ke rUpa meM aneka vidvAnoM ke sahakAra se jo lekha-saMgraha prakAzita hue haiM unheM dekhate hue 'eka bAta to avazya dhyAna meM AtI hai ki vidvAnoM kA dhyAna jaina darzana, samAja, dharma Adi kI ora gayA hai kintu abhI prAkRta bhASA viSayaka vizeSa adhyayana upekSita hai / jaina kalA kI dRSTi se 'zrAcAna zrI vijayavallabha sUri smAraka grantha' surucipUrNa sAmagrI se sapanna hai| jaina kalA ke vividha kSetroM ko sparza karane- . vAle aneka citra aura lekhoM ke kAraNa yaha abhinandana grantha kalA ke adhyetAoM ke liye saMgrahaNIya bana gayA hai / taduparAMta jainadarzana, dharma, samAja Adi ke viSaya meM bhI acche lekhoM kA saMgraha isameM huA hai| vizeSa bAta yaha hai ki hindI, aMgrejI aura gujarAtI tInoM bhASAoM ke lekha saMgraha meM haiN| IsA.kI 17vIM zatI meM honevAle jenadarzana ke prasiddha vidvAn upAdhyAya yazovijayajI kI smRti rUpa 'yazovijaya smRti grantha' kA prakAzana upAdhyAya jI ke vividha viSayaka pAMDitya aura AdhyAtmika jIvana ko sphuTa karane meM saphala hudhA hai aura upAdhyAyajI kI jaina sAhitya ko jo dena haiM usakA acchA citra upasthita karatA hai| Pune IPonder -aftaarderwortal - thAcArya rAjendra sUri jinhoMne 'abhidhAnarAjendra' mahAkopa kA nirmANa kiyA thA, unake nidhana kI pacAsavIM tithi ke smAraka rUpa se 'zrImada vijaya rAjendra suri smAraka grantha' kA prakAzana huA hai| vizAlakAya isa grantha meM hindI agrejI aura gujarAtI meM prAcArya rAjendra sUri ke jIvana ke atirikta darzana aura saMskRti; jina, jinAgama aura jainAcArya; jainadharma kI prAcInatA aura.

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prasAra; lalitakalA aura tIrthakara; hindI jaina sAhitya Adi viSaya meM 'vividha sAmagrI kA saMkalana huA hai| naye lekhakoM ke guru sthAnIya tIna jIvita vidvAnoM kI pacAsa se bhI adhika varSa kI lekhana sAmagrI ekatra hokara prakAzita huI hai-yaha isa upekSita kSetra kI 'AnandadAyaka ghaTanA hai| prajJAcakSu zrI paM0 sukhalAlajI ke hindI-gujarAtI lekhoM kA saMgraha tIna bhAgoM ( eka hindI aura do gujarAtI) meM DhAI hajAra se bhI adhika pRSTho meM 'darzana aura cintana' nAma se prakAzita huzrA hai| isameM paMDitajI ke lekhoM ko dharma aura pramAja, dArzanika mImAMsA, jainadharma aura darzana, parizIlana, zrayaM, pravAsakathA, Atmanivedana-ina khaNDoM meM vibhakta kiyA -gayA hai| vAcaka ko prajJAcakSu paDitajI kI sAhitya-sAdhanA kA natra sAkSAtkAra hotA hai tava vaha avAka raha jAtA hai aura jIvana meM eka naI preraNA lekara unnati kI ora agrasara hotA hai - aisI jIvanI zakti ina lekhoM meM hai| koI carcA aisI nahIM hotI jisakA satya aura samunnata jIvana se sparza na ho| purAnI carcA bhI zrAja naI jaisI lagatI hai kyoki paMDitajI kilI bhI viSaya kA nirUpaNa upalabdha pUrI sAmagrI ke AdhAra para karate haiM aura pUrvagraha nahIM hotA / isa dRSTi se unake lekhoM kA mUlya kAlagrasta nahIM hotaa| . zrI jugalakizora mukhtAra ko aitihAsika carcAe~ suvidita haiN| unake dIghakAlIna aitihAsika anveSaNa kArya ko ekatra karake jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa para vizada prakAza, nAma se eka grantha meM prakAzita kiyA gayA hai| zrI mukhtAra jI kI lagana aura adhyavasAya kA patA to isameM lagatA hI hai, uparAMta jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa kI aneka gutthiyAM sulajhAnA zramasAdhya hone para bhI ina vayovRddha saMgodhaka kA dhairya kabhI nahIM TUTA yaha jaba hama unake lekho dvArA jAnate haiM taba jIvana meM utsAha lekara hI pustaka se alaga ho sakate haiN| anveSakoM ke liye to yaha grantha anivArya sA hai|| , zrI nAthUrAmajI premIjI ke vividha viSayaka lekhoM kA saMgraha 'jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa' prathama prakAzita ho gayA thA kintu usakI saMzodhita aura paricardhita AvRtti abhI hAla meM prakAzita huI hai| aisA saMgraha punaH prakAzita karanA par3A-yaha vidvAnoM kI tadviSayaka jijJAsA aura una lekhoM kA mAhAtmya sUcita , karanA hI hai| sAtha hI vayovRddha zrI.premIjI apane, viSaya meM kitane

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adyatana rahate haiM yaha bhI unake vividha viSayake lekhoM meM kiye gaye saMzodhana-- parivardhana ke dvArA jJAta hotA hai| / DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhye jaina aura prAkRta bhASA ke vividha kSetroM meM likhane-- vAloM meM sUrdhanya haiN| unake dvArA sampAdita pustakoM aura vividha viSayaka lekho. kI eka sUcI Books and Papers abhI prakAzita huI hai| isa sUcI se unakA vividha kSetravyApI pAMDitya to dRSTigocara hotA hI hai sAtha hI jaina vidyA. kI Adhunika unnati kA lekhA aura usameM DA0 upAdhye kI jo viziSTa dena hai. usakA bhI patA lagatA hai aura unake prati zrAdara dviguNita ho jAtA hai| DA0 pizala kRta 'prAkRta vyAkaraNa' aba hameM agarejI bhASA meM bhI upa-- labdha ho gayA hai / DA0 subhadra jhA jaise suyogya bhApAtaccavid ne isakA jarmanA se aMgarejI meM anuvAda karake prAkRtabhApArasikoM kA mArga atyanta sarala kara diyA hai| nisandeha yaha anya prAkRta bhASA ke adhyayana ke liye Aja bhI utanA hI mahatvapUrNa hai jitanA vaha jaba likhA gayA thA, taba thaa| yaha bhI zrAnanda kA viSaya hai ki zIghra hI isI vyAkaraNa kA hindI bhASA meM bhI anuvAda prakAzita hone jA rahA hai| hindI meM anuvAda DA0 hemacandra jozI ne. kiyA hai| DA0 sunIti kumAra caTarjI aura sukumAra sena dvArA saMpAdita A Middle... Indo-Aryan Bender kA navIna sazodhita aura parivardhita saskaraNa bhApAzAkha kI dRSTi se TippaNI ke sAtha do bhAga meM prakAzita huA hai| isameM pAli prAkRta ke kAlakrama se upalabdha vividha namUne I0 pUrva tIsarI zatAbdI se lekara I0 15vIM zatAbdI taka ke diye gaye haiN| M kupANakAlIna prAkRta grantha 'aMgavinA' kA saMpAdana zrI muni puNyavijaya jI ne aneka pratiyoM ke AdhAra se kiyA hai aura use prAkRta TeksTa sosAiTI, yanArasa ne prakAzita kiyA hai / prAkRta bhASA ke adhyayana ke uparAMta kupANakAlIna bhAratIya sAMskRtika adhyayana ke liye bhI bhaMgavijA grantha mahatvapUrNa hai| usakI sAMskRtika sAmagrI kA paricaya DA0 motIcandra ne aMgrejI meM aura DA0 agravAla ne hindI meM diyA hai| kintu aMgavijA kA mUla viSaya jyotiSa se saMbaMdha rakhatA hai| zarIra ke vividha avayavoM aura anya vastuoM ke AdhAra para bhaviSyakathana kI prakriyA kA varNana vistAra se isa grantha meM hai| grantha ke isa mUla pratipAdya viSaya kA sAmudrika zAstra ke anya granthoM ke sAtha tulanAtmaka.

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- mund adhyayana Avazyaka hai| tajjJa vidvAn isa grantha kI sAmagrI kA isa dRSTi se adhyayana kareMge to bahuta-sI navIna sAmagrI unheM milegI aisA merA vizvAsa hai| / dhavalA' TIkA ke sAtha 'SaTkhaDAgama' ke aMtima tIna bhAga-14, 15 aura 16 prakAzita ho gaye haiN| aura aba yaha mahAgrantha vidvAnoM ko pUrNa upalabdha ho gayA hai / DA0 hIrAlAlajI ko isake liye abhinandana hai| bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke mahattvapUrNa prakAzanoM meM paMDita zrI mahendrakumArajI dvArA saMpAdita akalaMkakRta 'tatvArthavArtika' kA dUsarA bhAga prakAzita ho jAne se isa dArzanika grantha kA susampAdita saMskaraNa vidvAnoM ko aba upalabdha ho gayA hai| mahAbandha kA cauthA-pA~cavA~ bhAga paM0 zrIphUlacandrajI dvArA -saMpAdita huA hai| 'jJAnapITha pUjAJjali' kA saMpAdana DA0 upAdhye ne aura paM0 phUlacaMdrajI ne kiyA hai| usase digambara samAja meM pracalita nitya-naimittika kAyoM meM upayogI saMskRta-prAkRta-hindI pAThoM kA zuddha rUpa jijJAsuzrI ko mila gayA hai| itanA hI nahI kintu saMskRta prAkRta kA hindI anuvAda bhI hone se mumukSuoM ke liye yaha grantha atyanta upayogI siddha hogaa| / pUjyapAda kRta 'jainendra vyAkaraNa' prAcArya abhayanandikRta 'mahAdhuni' ke sAtha paM0 zaMbhunAtha tripAThI aura paM0 mahAdeva caturvedI ke dvArA saMpAdita ho kara apane pUrNa rUpa meM prathama bAra hI vidvAnoM ke samakSa upalabdha ho rahA hai / yaha vyAkaraNazAstra ke tulanAtmaka adhyetAo ke lie grantharatna siddha hogaa| DaoN. vAsudeva zaraNa ne isakI bhUmikA likhI hai aura unhoMne kaI naye aitihAsika tathyoM kI ora vidvAnoM kA dhyAna Akarpita kiyA hai| 'vratatithinirNaya nAmaka grantha kA saMpAdana paM0 nemicaMda ne kuzalatA se kiyA hai aura vistRta bhUmikA meM vividha vratoM aura udyApanoM kA paricaya diyA hai| mUla granthakartA kA nirNaya ho nahI sakA hai kintu saMpAdaka ke mata se satrahavIM zatI ke aMtima caraNa meM kisI bhaTTAraka ne isakA sakalana kiyA hai| 'hindI jaina sAhitya parizIlana' meM pra.0 nemicaMdra ne do.bhAga meM apabhraMza bhASA ke aura hindI bhASA ke jaina lekhako kI vividha viSayaka kRtiyoM kA paricaya diyA hai / 'magalamatra NamokAra-eka anucitana' meM pa0 nemicaMdra ne isa mahAmantra kA mAhAtmya varNita kiyA hai aura sAtha hI yoga, zrAgama, karmazAstra, gaNitazAstra, kathAsAhitya Adi meM isa maMtra kI jo sAmagrI milatI hai aura una zAkhoM se jo isakA saMbaMdha hai use vistAra se nirUpita kiyA hai| ina sabhI granthoM ke prakAzana ke liye bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke saMcAlakoM ko vizeSataH dhanyavAda hai|

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jIvarAja jaina granthamAlA meM pUrvokta Jainism in South India ke atirikta nimna saMskRta-prAkRta grantha bhI susaMpAdita ho kara prakAzita hue haiM-1. narendrasena kRta 'siddhAnta sAra saMgraha' kA saMpAdana paM0 jinadAsa ne kiyA hai tathA hindI anuvAda bhI diyA hai| isameM jaina saMmata sAta tattvoM kA vivecana hai / 2. padmanadikRta 'jaMbUdIvapaznatti saMgaha' kA saMpAdana DaoN0 upAdhye tathA DaoN0 hIrAlAla jaina ne kiyA hai tathA hindI anuvAda paM vAlacandra ne kiyA hai| prastAvanA meM jaina bhUgola ke aneka granthoM kA tathA prastuta grantha ke viSaya kA paricaya diyA hai| / 'dvAdazAranaya cakra' kA tRtIya bhAga prakAzita ho gayA hai| zrAcArya haribhadra kA yogaviSayaka prAkRta grantha 'yogazataka' abhI taka zraprakAzita hI thA / DA0 indukalA jhaverI ne bar3e parizrama se usakA sapAdana aura gujarAtI vivecana karake use prakAzita kiyA hai| usakI bhUmikA meM vaidika, bauddha aura jaina yoga mArga kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana aura prAcArya haribhadra kI jIvanI vistAra se dI hai| ___ DA0 upAdhye ne 'zrAnandasundarIsahaka' sapAdita kiyA hai| yaha grantha prathama hI prakAza meM A rahA hai / isake lekhaka haiM dhanazyAma aura saMskRta TIkAkAra haiM bhahanAtha / DA0 upAdhye ne prastAvanA ke atirikta bhASA zAstra kI dRSTi se TippaNI bhI dI haiN| zrAcArya hemacandra ke prasiddha grantha 'triSaSTizalAkApuruSacarita' ke do parvo kA hindI anuvAda zrI kRSNalAla varmA ne kiyA hai aura hindI jagat ko isa jaina paurANika grantha kA rasAsvAdana karAyA hai| AzA karatA hU~ ki goDI jI TrasTa ke TrasTI isa mahatvapUrNa grantha kA pUrA hindI anuvAda zIghra hI prakAzita kreNge| / hAla kI 'gAthAsaptazatI' kA marAThI anuvAda vistRta bhUmikA ke sAtha zrI jogalekara ne kiyA hai| bhUmikA meM bhASA kI vivecanA ke uparAMta usa samaya 'kA sAmAjika aura rAjanaitika citra bhI saptazatI ke AdhAra para upasthita kiyA gayA hai / isake liye jogalekara ke hama saba RNI rhege| jaina zilAlekha sagraha' kA tRtIya bhAga DA0 gulAvacandra caudharI kI vistRta bhUmikA ke sAtha prakAzita huA hai / DA0 caudharI ne jaina saMgha ke vividha gacchoM . kI paraMparA kA paricaya zilAlekho meM ullikhita tathyo ke AdhAra para diyA hai|

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20 Pankrantedindian itanA hI nahIM kintu jaina dharma kA pracAra kahA~ kaba huA isakA bhI zilAlekhoM meM prApta sAmagrI ke AdhAra se vivecana eka itihAsa ke vidvAn kI taTasthatA ke sAtha kiyA hai| , bikAnera jaina lekha saMgraha' ke nAma se bhI agaracandra aura bhaMvaramalajI nAhaTA ne bikAnera ke maMdira, pratimA, dharmazAlA Adi meM prApta lekhoM ko ekatra karake mudrita kiyA hai| usase aneka jaina gacchoM aura kuloM kA paricaya prApta hotA hai| mahAvIra granthamAlA, jayapura kI ora se 'pustaka prazasti saMgraha' kA zrI kAzalIvAla dvArA saMpAdita tRtIya bhAga prakAzita huA hai / usase kaI adyAvadhi ajJAta jaina granthoM kA patA calatA hai| pro0 ena0 vI0 vaidya ne 'nalajhahA' aura 'baMbhadato' kI dvitIya zrAvRtti saMpAdita aura prakAzita karake adhyetAo kI kaThinAiyoM ko dUra kiyA hai| kavi zrI amara muni ne 'sAmAyika sUtra' kA vivecana udAra dRSTi se kiyA hai / usakA dvitIya saskaraNa prakAzita huA hai| usase grantha kI upAdeyatA siddha hotI hai / eka aura grantha 'prakAza kI ora' prakAza meM AyA hai jisameM zrI amara muni ke AdhyAtmika pravacanoM kA saMgraha zrI sureza muni ne kiyA hai| ye pravacana jIvana ke hara kSetra ko sparza karate haiM aura samUce mAnava ko unnata banane kI preraNA dete haiN| - varNI grantha mAlA se 'varNI vANI' kA caturtha bhAga prakAzita huA hai aura dvitIya bhAga kA punaH saMskaraNa hunA hai yaha usa saMgraha kI upAdeyatA siddha karatA hai| 'ratnakaraMDa zrAvakAcAra' kA hindI bhASya pahale prakAzita ho cukA hai ava usakA marAThI anuvAda bhI jIvarAja dozI dvArA hokara prakAzita ho gayA hai / zrI jugalakizora mukhtAra ne 'adhyAtma rahasya' nAmaka paM0 zrAzAdhara kA graMtha jo aba taka aprApya thA khoja kara ke hindI vivecana ke sAtha sapAdita kara ke eka bahumUlya kRti kA uddhAra kiyA hai / jaina yoga ke jijJAsu ke lie yaha pustaka atyanta upayogI siddha hogii| __ zrI pUraNacaMda sAmasUkhAkRta Lord Mahavira kI dvitIya zrAvRtti teropaMthI mahAsabhA, kalakattA dvArA prakAzita huI hai| isameM lekhaka ne saMzodhana aura parivardhana kiyA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke jIvana ke uparAMta jainadharma ke

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127 'prAcAroM aura dArzanika siddhAMtoM kA bhI saMkSepa meM paricaya diyA hai| pustaka jaina AgamoM ke AdhAra se likhI gaI hai| . Jainism and Modern Thought' ke nAma se zrI zopha dvArA likhI gaI eka choTI-sI pustikA svaya lekhaka dvArA prakAzita huI hai| usameM Adhunika vicAroM ke sAtha jainadharma ke vicAroM kI saMgati dikhAne kA prayatna hai| zrI premIjI dvArA saMpAdita hokara 'ardhakathAnaka' kI dUsarI AvRtti prakAzita huI hai| isa dUsarI zrAvRtti meM DA0 motIcaMdra aura zrI banArasIdAsa caturvedI ke paricaca lekhoM ke alAvA saMbaddha anya naI upalabdha sAmagrI bhI premIjI ne dI hai| ___ zrI dharmAnaMda kosaMbI dvArA marAThI meM likhita 'pArzvanAthAcA cAturyAma dharma kA hindI bhASAntara 'pArzvanAtha kA cAturyAya dharma ke nAma se hindI grantha ratnAkara bambaI se prakAzita huzrA hai| yaha pustaka jainadharma ke prAcIna itihAsa ke lie atyaMta mahatvapUrNa siddha hogii| zrI jayasukhalAla zAha dvArA sapAdita hokara zrI jayaMta muni ke vyAkhyAna 'prakAzita hue haiN| vyAkhyAnoM meM ahiMsA aura mAnavadharma tathA samanvaya dRSTi kA acchA nirUpaNa hai| tathA rAjapraznIya sUtra ke viSaya meM bhI vyAkhyAna isameM sagRhIta haiN| ___Jaina Entiquary, jaina siddhAMta bhAskara, anekAnta, jaina sasya prakAza, jaina bhAratI zrAdi jaina patrikAoM meM jainadharma, darzana, itihAsa Adi vividha viSayoM ke lekha prakAzita hue haiN| taduparAMta nimna mahatvapUrNa lekha anyatra prakAzita hue haiM(1) Journal of the Asiatic Society (Letters) ___Vol, XXII. No. 1. 1956 -V(i) An Enquiry into Estern Apabhramsha : ___Dr. S. N. Ghosal (ii) Controversy over the Significance of Apabhramsha and a Compromise between- the views of Jacobi and Grierson : Dr. S. N. Ghosal

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(2) vahI Vol. XXII. No. 2. 1956 (i) Probable Sources of Some Apabhramsha Stanzas of Hemachandra: Dr. S.N. Ghosal ( 3 ) Indian Historical Quarterly, December 1956 (i) Some Interesting Sculptures of the Jaina Goddess Ambica from Marwar : R. C. Agrawal M. A. ( 4 ) Indian Historical Quarterly, March 1957 (i.) A Note on the Eastern and Western Manuscripts of Prakrita Paingala : Dr. S. N. Ghosal (ii) Author of Mulachara : V. Joharapurkar (5) Journal of the Bihar Research Society, ____March 1956 ___ (1) Brahma uult and Jainism : Dr. T. P. Bhattacharya (6) Oriental Thought January 1956 (1) Inscriptional Prakrit : D Diskalkar (7) Asiatica-Festschrift F. Weller (i) The Vedhas in the Vasudevahindi : Dr. Alsdorf (ii) Mid-Indiac Verb-system : Dr. Edgarton Wiii) Animals in Jaina Conon : Dr. Kohl (iv) Mohanaghara : Dr. Roth isa kSetra meM jo prayatna ho rahe haiM isakA maiMne zrApake samakSa sakSipta citraNa isaliye kiyA hai ki Apa sabhI mahAnubhAvoM kA dhyAna isa ora Akarpita karU~ aura Apa se bhI nivedana karU~ ki aba pahale jaisA isa kSetra meM aMdhakAra nahI hai| prakAza kI kiraNeM isa ora bhI jA rahI hai aura Apa sabhI mahAnubhAvoM kI dRSTi isa ora gaI to yaha kSetra aura Alokita gogA aisA merA dRr3ha vizvAsa hai| . bhAratI aMkAra PK prAkRta bhI mAMka ...6.1.5 , -2001- zrIzaGkara mudraNAlaya, hAthIgalI, vArANasI mumm.in. net PRAppRMERA

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