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________________ te che, ' che ne ke , ' kAnANI. pANI i mi ? kan zrI hanArAmabhA wota-|ctha na [ na kara ;}. Fan ale) che? > muni zrI hajArImala smRti mAyA prakAzana samiti
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________________ muni zrI hanArImala smRti-prantha muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha- prakAzanasamiti, byAvara
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________________ prakAzaka : muni zrIhajArImala smRti graMtha prakAzana samiti, byAvara [ rAja.] vI0 saM0 2461, san 1965 prathama saMskaraNa 1000prati mUlya : cAlIsa rupaye. mudraka : udyogazAlA presa kiMgsave, dillI-6
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________________ preraka : madhukara muni pradhAna-sampAdaka zobhAcandra bhArilla zilpa-saMpAdaka kumAra satyadarzI sampAdaka-parivAra madhukara muni suzIla muni muni kAntisAgara | jainendrakumAra haribhAU upAdhyAya | DaoN. nathamala TATiyA DaoN0 indracandra zAstrI paM0 dalasukha mAlabaNiyA zAntilAla va0 zeTha DaoN0 bUlacanda vyavasthApaka cimmanasiMha lor3hA prakAzana-samiti zrI cimmanasiMha lor3hA, byAvara seTha mohanamalajI coraDiyA, madrAsa seTha khIMvarAjajI coraDiyA, madrAsa zrI gulAbacandrajI jaina, dillI ,, pukharAjajI zizodiyA, byAvara ,, nihAlacandajI modI, byAvara khUbacanda jI gAdiyA, byAvara kesarImalajI vaitAlA, kalakattA bhairoMdAnajI surANA, dovar3I AsAma ,, gulAbacandajI surANA, sikandarAbAda ,, megharAjajI ghogar3a, jodhapura ,, hastImalajI bAliyA, byAvara zrI mohanalAlajI botharA, tivarI ,, lUNakaraNajI lor3hA, kucerA ,, jugarAjajI coraDiyA, nAgaura ,, premarAjajI zrIzrImAla, durga ,, jasarAjajI saMcetI, durga kumAnamalajI coraDiyA, nokhA ,, sAgaramalajI pIcA, kucerA ,, hamIramalajI kaTAriyA, AgarA , jauharImalajI ostavAla, mer3atA ,, jatanarAjajI mehatA, mer3atA , AnandarAjajI surANA, dillI ,, jauharImalajI, pArakha, jodhapura Jain Education Intemational
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________________ nivedana santoM ke saMkIrtana, stavana, guNagAna, unakI ArAdhanA evaM upAsanA se jIvana kA maila galatA-dhulatA hai. jIvana meM udAtta evaM divyabhAva kA AvirbhAva hotA hai. rAjasa aura tAmasa bhAva santoM ke sAnnidhya meM hI nahIM raha pAtA. isa tathya kI anubhUti unheM avazya huI hogI jinhoMne divaMgata svAmI zrIhajArImalajI ma. ke satsaMga meM apane jIvana ke katipaya kSaNa vitAye hoMge. maiMne to unake sAnnidhya meM eka apUrva cetanA kA sAkSAtkAra kiyA hai. aise mahAn santa kI smRti ko cirasthAyI banAnA jagat ke kalyANa meM eka prakAra se yoga denA hai. granthaprakAzana samiti ne vyavasthApaka kA jo uttaradAyitva mujhe sauMpA, usakA nirvAha to maiM pUrI taraha nahIM kara sakA, magara usakI pUtti mere sahayogiyoM dvArA ho gaI hai. maiM unakA AbhArI hU~. prastuta graMtha ko isa rUpa meM upasthita karane meM jina-jina mahAnubhAvoM ne pratyakSa-parokSa sahayoga diyA hai, ve saba sAdhuvAda ke pAtra haiM. graMtha ke mudraNasauMdarya kA zreya udyogazAlA presa dehalI ke vyavasthApaka zrIzAntilAla va0 zeTha ko hai jinhoMne graMthamudraNa meM AtmIyabhAva se gaharI dilacaspI lI hai. presa ke anya karmacArI varga kA saujanya bhI sarAhanIya rahA hai. vizeSataH arthasahAyakoM, samiti ke sadasyoM aura koSAdhyakSa zrIkhUbacaMdajI gAdiyA Adi ko anekAneka dhanyavAda haiM jinake saprema sahayoga se yaha saphalatA prApta ho sakI hai. graMtha ke pradhAna sampAdaka paNDita zobhAcandrajI bhArilla aura zilpasampAdaka kumAra satyadarzI ne graMtha ke lie jo zrama kiyA hai, vaha bhulAyA nahIM jA sakatA. inake atirikta kundana jaina siddhAntazAlA byAvara ke adhyakSa seTha nauratananalajI koThArI ne samaya-samaya para paM0 zobhAcandrajI ko dillI jAne ke lie avakAza dekara prazaMsanIya sahayoga diyA hai, seTha zrI pukharAjajI zIzodithA tathA zrIamaracaMdajI modI, zrIratanacandajI modI Adi ne bhI gaharI dilacaspI lI hai, usake lie bhI hama AbhArI haiM. seTha pannAlAlajI pUnamacaMdajI kAMkariyA (byAvara) ne kAMkariyA TrasTa kI ora se utkRSTa nibaMdha para 500) ru0 kA puraskAra dene kI udAratA pradarzita kI hai. yaha puraskAra dharma aura darzana viSayaka vidvAnoM dvArA nirNIta nibaMdha para diyA jAnA hai. isa udAratA ke lie kAMkariyAjI sAdhuvAda ke pAtra haiM, antima bhAga bar3I zIghratA meM mudrita huA hai, ataH katipaya truTiyA~ raha jAnA asaMbhava nahIM. isa vivazatA ke lie kSamAprArthanA ! cimmanasiMha lor3hA, vyavasthApaka. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ samarparA jyeSTha gurubhrAtA zraddheya svAmI zrIbrajalAlajI mahArAja ke kara-kamaloM meM, jinake protsAhana kA hI yaha suphala hai. -madhukara muni Jain Education Intemational
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________________ grantha kA kalApakSa adRzyasattA satya hai. to kalA preraka va sphurtI hai ! bhArata kA zilpavidhAna vyApaka sthAyI aura prANavAn hai. lalita kalA se lekara sampAdana-kalA taka sarvatra hI manuSya, kalA kI pratiSThA cAhatA hai ! to sampAdana aura mudraNa donoM hI kalA hai-pratyakSakalA. nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki isakA kahAM taka samyak nirvAha ho pAyA hai. vaise bhArata kI lagabhaga sabhI lalita kalAoM ke prati hamArI zraddhA hai. kalA kI pratiSThA aura saMvardhanabhAvukoM ke hRdaya kA Ananda hai. prastuta smRti-graMtha ke kalApakSa ke sambandha meM kucha kahA jAya isakI apekSA yaha adhika uttama hai ki pArakhI AMkheM svayaM use parakheM. mAtra dizA saMketa kara denA hI paryApta hai. bhArata kI kalAkRti kI pratiSThA kI dRSTi se prastuta graMtha meM sthAna-sthAna para citra-aMkita kiye haiM. pAThaka dekheMge ki pratyeka pRSTha para nIce kI ora eka paTTI blaoNka-citra hai. inameM se adhikAMza paTTikAyeM jaisalamera ke zAstra bhaNDAra, cittaur3a ke zAstra-bhaNDAra evaM muni kAntisAgarajI ke vyaktigata zAstra saMgraha meM se lI gaI haiM ! ina paTTikAoM meM havIM zatI se lekara 16vIM zatI taka kI paTTikAyeM haiM ! mudraNakalA ke janma se pUrva jaina muniyoM kA lekhanakalA aura citrakalA se atyanta anurAga rahA hai. ye paTTikAyeM isakA pramANa haiM. jaina-muniyoM aura yatiyoM ke lie koI viSaya anachuA nahIM rahA. unhoMne sabhI viSayoM para likhA hai. usa lekhana ko unhoMne kalA kA avibhAjya aMga bhI mAnA hai. apane lekhana ko kalApUrNa karanA lalitakalA ke prati sammAna kA sUcaka hai. * pratyeka paTTikA ke sambandha meM alama se likhanA aura paricaya denA vyApaka viSaya hai. pratyeka nibandha ke prArambha meM tattat-viSayaka pratIka citra dene kA saMkalpa prArambha se thA kintu vaha atyanta zrama aura kAlApekSita thA sAtha hI vyayapradhAna bhI. ata: kucha prArambhika nibandhoM ke pazcAt hI usa sakalA kA parityAga karanA par3A. nibaMdhoM ke anta meM bhI kucha citra haiM. ina meM bhI bhAratIya aura vizeSataH jaina-purAtattva se sambandhita haiM. isa zreNI ke citroM meM 7 vIM zatAbdI taka ke bhI citra haiM ! jina citroM kA purAtattva se sambandha na ho vaise citra svalpa haiM. ukta citroM meM adhikAMza pro0 zrI paramAnandajI coyala ne rekhAMkita kiye haiM ! munizrI kA tela citra mere mitravarya zrI kizanajI varmA ne atyanta snehapUrvaka citrita kiyA hai. AvaraNa zrI sukhadevajI duggala kI kalama kA zilpa hai. apane snehiyoM kI kalAkRtiyoM kA svAgata hai ! udayapura sthita muni zrIkAntisAgarajI ne ukta citroM ko juTAne meM pUrNa sahayoga diyA hai evaM samaya-samaya para apane sujhAva bheje haiM etadartha muni zrI ke prati kRtajJa hU~. manuSya savarthA apramatta kisI viziSTa avasthA meM bhale hotA ho para vaha avasthA sahaja nahIM hai. zvAsocchvAsa jIvana dhAraNa praNAlI kI sUcaka ho sakatI hai parantu ise maiM kramaza: pramAda aura apramAda ke kSaNa mAnatA hUM. pAThakoM se nivedana hai ki ve apramAda ke kSaNoM meM jo upalabdhi kI hai usa ora dRSTipAta kareM. truTiyoM kA honA to pramata vyakti se sahaja saMbhAvya hai. pUjya svAmIjI ke jIvana se maiMne jo pAyA vaha yaha ki 'jo uttaradAyitva oTA hai use jI-jAna lagAkara jIvana kI sAMjha taka karate raho !' yahI mere saMsmaraNa kI rekhA hai isI para zraddhA hai ! -kumAra satyadarzI 14 aprela 1965 RSabha jayantI 12 leDI hADiMga roDa, naI dillI. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ madIyam prastuta smRti-graMtha adhyetAoM ke kara-kamaloM meM hai. graMtha kaisA hai, isakA nirNaya to svayaM adhyetA hI kareMge, parantu mujhe jo kahanA hai vaha yaha haivi0 saM0 2018 kI caitra kRSNA dazamI kI rAtri meM pUjya gurudeva zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja kA svargavAsa naukhA (mAravAr3a ) meM huA thA. usa samaya mere svAnta meM eka saMkalpa AyA ki svargIya gurudeva kI smRti meM eka mahattvapUrNa smRti-graMtha ke nirmANa kI yojanA banAI jAya. maiMne apanA saMkalpa parama zraddheya pUjyavara zrIbrajalAlajI mahArAja kI sevA meM rakkhA. unakI ora se isake lie pUrA protsAhana milA. merA yaha vicAra gurudeva ke parama zraddhAlu dharmapremI seTha khIMvarAja jI coraDiyA ko bhI rucikara lagA. svayaM seThajI svargIya gurudeva kI smRti meM eka TrasTa kI sthApanA karanA cAhate the. isa sambandha meM maMtraNA karane aura yojanA banAne ke lie unhoMne apane grAma naukhA meM eka sabhA kA Ayojana kiyA, ukta sabhA meM TrasTa sambandhI vicAraNA ke sAtha-sAtha smRti-graMtha ke nirmANa ke viSaya meM bhI vicAra-vinimaya kiyA gayA, zrIyuta coraDiyAjI kI ora se tathA sabhA meM sammilita sabhI sajjanoM kI ora se smRti-grantha ke nirmANa ke lie paryApta bala diyA gayA. ukta sabhA meM zrIyuta paMDita zobhAcandrajI bhArilla bhI Aye hue the. unase yaha sAdara anurodha kiyA gayA ki Apake netRtva meM smRti-graMtha kA sampAdana honA cAhie aura Apa eka sampAdaka-parivAra kA gaThana kara isa kArya meM juTa jAMya. pUjya gurudeva kA prathama smRti-divasa byAvara meM manAyA gayA usa avasara para smRti-graMtha kI yojanA ko kAryAnvita karane ke lie eka smRti-graMtha prakAzana samiti kA gaThana kiyA gayA. byAvara nagarapAlikA ke adhyakSa zrIyuta cimmanasiMha jI lor3hA samiti ke vyavasthApaka cune gae. samiti kA kAryAlaya byAvara meM rakhA gayA aura kArya prArambha kiyA. samiti ke nirNaya ke anusAra zrIyuta bhArillajI pradhAna sampAdaka bane unhoMne eka sampAdaka parivAra bhI banAyA. apane parivAra ke sahayoga se paNDita jI kA yaha sampAdana pUrNa saphalatA ke sAtha sampanna huA. zrIbhArillajI jaina samAja ke eka mAnya manISI vidvAn haiM. prastuta grantha meM paNDita jI kI manISitA kA acchA paricaya yatra-tatra sarvatra mila rahA hai. kumAra satyadarzIjI eka utsAhI navayuvaka lekhaka haiM lekhana meM unakI navyA bhavyA pragati hai. isa graMtha meM jo uttama kalAkauzala va sAja-sajjA dRggata ho rahI hai, isakA zreya Apako hI hai. smRti-graMtha kA kArya zrama-sAdhya thA, ataH isake pIche pUrA zrama kiyA. 'zreya saphalatA' isa bAta kA yaha graMtha eka ujjvala udAharaNa hai. bhArata ke tathA anya dezoM ke adhikArI lekhakoM kA sahayoga isa graMtha ko khUba milA hai. usI sahayoga kA yaha suphala hai hai ki isa graMtha ne smRti-graMthoM meM apanA eka viziSTa rUpa prApta kiyA hai. maiM to akiMcana hUM. phira bhI agara merA kiMcidapi sahayoga isa graMtharAja ko milA hai to maiM svayaM ko saubhAgyazAlI samajhatA hUM. prAyaH jainadharma aura jainadarzana evaM saMskRti se sammata nibandhoM kA cayana hI adhikRta rUpa se isa graMtha meM kiyA gayA hai. jainadarzana ke prAyaH sabhI viSayoM ke nibandhoM ke saMkalana kA prayAsa rahA hai. phira bhI vyApaka dRSTi kA parityAga nahIM kiyA gayA hai. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ svargIya pUjya gurudeva eka ajAta-zatru munipuMgava the. jana-jana ke hRdaya meM unake prati agAdha zraddhA thI. isI zraddhA ke bala para unakI smRti meM nikalavAle isa graMtha ke prati jana-jana ke hRdaya meM satkArasanmAna kI bhAvanA kI udAratA ne prastuta graMtha ke mudraNa ko Arthika asahyoga se pUrNataH bacA liyA hai. kintu samAja meM IrSyA tathA asahayoga kI bhAvanA kI nyUnatA nahIM hai. ataeva mujhe kAphI AlocanA kA zikAra honA par3A hai. sambhava hai aisI thapakiyAM mujhe Age bhI milatI raheMgI, parantu isa AlocanA ko maiMne amRta samajhA aura usakA pAna kara apane ko amara banAne kA hI prayAsa kiyA hai aura Age bhI merA yahI prayAsa banA rahegA. vartamAna meM virAjita mere jyeSTha gurubhrAtAjI zrIbrajalAla mahArAja kI balavatI preraNA para hI yaha virAT Ayojana sampanna ho sakA hai. ataH maiM svAmIjI mahArAja kA pUrNa AbhArI hUM. pradhAna sampAdakajI, sampAdaka-parivAra, tathA kalA sampAdakajI ke satata, avizrAma zrama ne hI isa graMtha ko adhika-seadhika upAdeya banAyA hai ataH unakI ora to merI kRtajJatA sadA banI hI rahegI. una munirAjoM aura satiyoM kA bhI AbhArI hU~ jinhoMne kucha bhI idhara sahayoga diyA hai. satI zrI umarAvakuMvarajI, sva0 gurudeva kI suziSyA haiM. ve susaMskRtA haiM, viduSI haiM, samaya-samaya para isa Ayojana meM unakI suvicAraNA se paryApta sahayoga milA hai. jaina-saMskRti kI surakSA kA pUrA dhyAna rakhA gayA hai, phira bhI skhalanA honA asambhava nahIM hai. isake lie kSamApanA hai. -madhukara muni Jain Education Intemational
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________________ saralAtmA mahAmanA muni zrI hajArImalajI mahArAja
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________________
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________________ pra0saM0 zobhAcandra bhArilla zi0 saM0 kumAra satyadarzI maMtrI cimmanasiMha lor3hA
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________________ Jain Education Intemational
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________________ pradhAna sampAdaka kA nivedana prathama vAra AdaraNIya zrImadhukara muni ne jaba smRtigraMtha ko prakAzita karane aura usakA dAyitva mujhe sauMpane kA vicAra vyakta kiyA, taba use maiMne kucha zartoM ke sAtha svIkAra kara liyA. usa samaya bhI maiM apane parimita sAmarthya ko jAnatA thA, phira bhI merI svIkRti ke pIche aneka hetu the. munijI ke kathana se yaha spaSTa thA ki merI asvIkRti kA artha hogA-graMtha-prakAzana ke vicAra ko sadA ke lie tyAga denA. mere prati unake isa vizvAsa ne mujhe natamastaka kara diyA. isake atirikta smRtigraMtha ke mAdhyama se agara merI sAhityasAdhanA kiMcit agrasara hotI hai to phira aura cAhie hI kyA ! kintu saba se bar3A AkarSaNa thA svargIya svAmIjI ke prati mere antastala meM vidyamAna zraddhA aura bhakti. dIrghakAla paryanta maiM unake pAvana samparka meM rahA hU~. ve apane yuga ke Adarza santa the. santa-jIvana kI samagra vibhUtiyA~ jaise unameM kendrita ho gaI thIM. zizu kA sAralya, mAtA kA kAruNya, yogI kI asampRktatA unameM otaprota thI. hRdaya navanIta-sA mRdu, vANI meM sudhA kI madhuratA aura vyavahAra meM anAyAsa hI apanI ora AkRSTa kara lene vAlA jAdU ! AtmaniSThA ke sAtha azeSaniSThA kA nirvAha karanevAlA vaha yogI sacamuca anekAnta kA mUrtimAn udAharaNa thA. usa mahAn AtmA ke prati zraddhAnivedana ke isa avasara ko cUka jAnA maiM nahIM cAhatA thA. prAraMbha meM yaha kalpanA nahIM thI ki graMtha itanA virATa rUpa dhAraNa kara legA. pA~ca-chaha sau pRSThoM taka kA hI prakAzana usa samaya socA gayA thA. kintu jaba kArya prAraMbha huA aura suvijJa sAhityakAroM se sAmagrI kI mAMga kI gaI to unhoMne bar3I udAratA ke sAtha sahayoga diyA. phalasvarUpa graMtha kA jo vistAra ho gayA hai, vaha Apake sAmane hai. prAraMbha se hI hamArI nIti maulika--anyatra aprakAzita racanAoM ko hI isa graMtha meM sthAna dene kI rahI hai. tadanusAra jo racanAe~ hameM prApta huI aura phira anya patroM meM mudrita dekhI gaIM yA jAnakArI meM AIM, unheM kama kara diyA hai. agara anajAna meM koI aisI racanA chapI ho to usakA uttaradAyitva usake lekhaka para hai. jinakA pratipAdya anya racanAoM meM gabhita ho gayA hai, aisI bhI katipaya racanAe~ kama kara denI par3I haiM. prApta saba racanAoM ko sthAna diyA jAtA to graMtha ke cAra-pAMca sau pRSTha aura bar3ha jAte. kintu artharAzi kI parimitatA aura graMtha ke vistAra ko dekhate hue kamI karanA anivArya ho gayA. ina donoM kAraNoM ke atirikta tIsarA kAraNa samayAbhAva bhI thA. graMtha ke mudraNa meM samaya bahuta laga gayA aura isase adhika samaya lagAnA samiti ko sahya nahIM thA. isa bIca lekhakoM aura pAThakoM ke aneka takAz2e hameM sahana karane par3e haiM. AzA hai graMtha ke prakAzita hote hI premI pAThaka aura lekhaka santoSa anubhava kareMge. jina vidvAn lekhakoM kI racanAe~ hama nahIM prakAzita kara pAye, unake prati vinamrabhAva se kSamAprArthI haiM. kucha racanAoM kA saMkSiptIkaraNa bhI karanA par3A hai. yaha bhI hamArI vivazatA hI samajhie. graMtha pA~ca adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai. prathama adhyAya meM svAmIjI kA saMkSipta jIvana paricaya, unase sambandha rakhane vAle saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~ haiM. anta meM sthAnakavAsI jaina paramparA evaM lauMkAgaccha ke sAhitya aura sAhityakAroM kA paricaya Adi hai. dUsare adhyAya meM dharma aura darzana saMbaMdhI racanAe~ haiM. tIsare meM itihAsa, purAtattva, samAja aura saMskRti Adi viSayoM saMbaMdhI aura cauthe adhyAya meM sAhitya saMbaMdhI sAmagrI nibaddha kI gaI hai. pA~cavA~ adhyAya aMgarejI bhASA meM likhita prAyaH jainadharma saMbaMdhI racanAoM ke lie hai. Jain Education Interational
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________________ jaina muni kI pAvana smRti meM prastuta graMtha prakAzita kiyA jArahA hai, ataH svAbhAvika hI hai ki isameM jainadarzana, jainadharma, jaina itihAsa-purAtattva kI pradhAnatA ho, kintu rAjasthAna se prakAzita hone ke kAraNa rAjasthAnI sAhitya evaM sAhityakAroM ko vizeSa rUpa se sthAna diyA gayA hai. rAjasthAna meM bhI ajamera-saMbhAga ke pramukha nagara byAvara se yaha graMtha prakAza meM ArahA hai, ataeva ajamera ke samIpavartI sAhityakAroM kA paricaya denA bhI ucita samajhA gayA hai. jaina sAhityakAroM ne bhAratIya aura vizeSataH rAjasthAnI sAhitya kI jo mahattvapUrNa sevA kI aura usakI samRddhi meM asAdhAraNa yoga diyA hai, usakA saMkalita vivaraNa Apa isa graMtha meM pAe~ge. janetara vidvAnoM ko to jainadarzana, dharma, sAhitya Adi kA viziSTa paricaya graMtha se milegA hI, jaina vidvAnoM ko bhI bahuta-sI navIna bAteM jAnane ko mileMgI. zodhaka vidvAnoM ke lie agara kucha aMzoM meM bhI yaha graMtha sahAyaka bana sakA, jaisI ki AzA hai, to kiyA huA parizrama saphala samajhA jAegA. pratyeka viSaya meM vidvAnoM meM matabheda rahe haiM aura raheMge, kintu jisane apane jIvana meM anekAnta ko apanAyA hai, vaha matabhedoM ke prati asahiSNu nahIM hotA. vaha dhairya ke sAtha virodhI vicAra ko sunatA-samajhatA hai aura ucita rIti se usakA pratividhAna karatA hai. prakRta vizAla graMtha meM aisI aneka bAteM ho sakatI haiM jinase hama sahamata na hoM, phira bhI vicAraNA evaM gaveSaNA kI paridhi Age bar3he, isa dRTTikoNa se unheM yahA~ sthAna diyA gayA hai. vicArazIla vidvAn bhI unheM isI rUpa meM grahaNa kareMge, aisI AzA hai. hamArI sImA graMthagata sAmagrI-saMcayana taka hI rahI hai. graMtha ko suSThu aura kalAtmaka saundarya pradAna karane kA kArya zilpasampAdaka ke jimme thA. unhoMne apanI viziSTa kalAruci evaM lagana ke sAtha graMtha ko sajjita karane kA prayatna kiyA hai. saphalatA kA mApadaNDa pAThakoM ke hAtha meM hai. vidvattilaka muni zrIkAntisAgarajI-[udayapura] se hameM jo sahayoga aura parAmarza milA, usI kI badaulata graMtha isa rUpa meM pAThakoM ke samakSa A sakA hai. unakA mUlyavAn sahayoga sadaiva smaraNIya rahegA. anta meM vidvAn lekhakoM evaM sahayogI sampAdakoM kA AbhAra mAnanA ucita hai jinake samanvita sahakAra se yaha bhagIratha kArya sampanna ho sakA hai. graMtha kI mudraNa pragati meM presa ke vyavasthApaka evaM karmacAriyo ne bharasaka prayatna kiyA hai. vizeSataH pradAna mazInamaina zrI bhavAnasiMha jI aura zrIbaladeva kRSNa sUrI ke kaThina parizrama ko vismaraNa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA. -zobhAcandra bhArilla
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________________ viSaya-kramAMkana 156 156 165 168 174 184 186 164 prathama adhyAya 1-254 jIvana, saMsmaraNa, zraddhAMjali aura paramparA darzana krama nibandha lekhaka 1. muni zrIhajArImalajI-jIvanavRtta muni mizrImala jI 'madhukara' 2. saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAJjaliyA~ vibhinna lekhaka 3. saMta kavi prAcArya jayamallajI : kRtitva aura vyaktitva DA0 narendra bhAnAvata 4. zrAcArya zrIrAyacandrajI ma0 kI sAhityasarjanA pro.rAdhezyAma tripAThI 5. AzAkiraNa AcArya zrAsakaraNajI kamalA jaina "jIjI" 6. muni rUpacanda jI : eka khojapUrNa Alekha muni lakSmIcandrajI 7. tilokaRSijI kI kAvya-sAdhanA zAntA bhAnAvata 8. kavivarya amIRSijI aura amRta-kAvyasaMgraha DA.AnandaprasAda dIkSita 1. dIrghadRSTi lokAzAha pArasamala 'prasUna' 10. lokAzAha mata kI do pothiyA~ dalasukha bhAI mAlavaNiyA 11. sthAnakavAsI paramparA kI vizeSatAe~ lAlacanda nAhaTA 'taruNa' 12. sthAnakavAsI jaina samAja rAsAcA sapUta muni mizrImalajI marudharakesarI 13. loMkAgaccha kI sAhitya sevA AlamazAha khAna 14. zrIloMkAgaccha kI paramparA aura usakA ajJAta sAhitya muni kAntisAgarajI dvitIya adhyAya 255-528 darzana aura dharma 1. ananya aura aparAjeya jainadarzana jJAna bhArilla 2. kucha videzI lekhakoM kI dRSTi meM jainadharma aura bha0mahAvIra __ mahendra rAjA 3. Arhata zrArAdhanA kA mUlAdhAraH samyagdarzana muni zrImallajI 4. jainadharma ke naitika siddhAnta DA0 Izvaracanda zarmA 2. jaina sAdhanA RSabhadAsa rAMkA 6. jainAcAra kI bhUmikA DA0 mohanalAla mehatA 7. mahAvIra aura unake siddhAnta DA0 jagadIzacandra jaina 8. sarvadharmasamabhAva aura syAdvAda AcArca zrI tulasI 1. syAdvAda aura ahiMsA saubhAgyamala jaina 10. jainadarzana aura vijJAna kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA 11. saptabhaMgI rUpendrakumAra 257 271 280 289 318 321 325 328 341 Jain Education Intemational
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________________ krama 32. anekAntavAda 13. jainadarzana nibandha darzana aura vijJAna ke Aloka meM pudgaladravya 14. 12. jIvatattva - vivecana 16. bhAratIya darzanoM meM zrAtmavAda 17. karma-svarUpa aura baMdha 18. praznottara : aparigraha 16. jainadharma meM bhaktiyoga 20. niyati kA svarUpa 21. bhikSu jamAlI aura bahurata dRSTivAda 22. dharma kA vAstavika svarUpa 23. guNasthAna 24. aneka tasvAtmaka vAstavikatAvAda aura jainadarzana 25. hindU tathA jaina sAdhuparaMmparA evaM zrAcAra 26. sakAma dharma-sAdhanA 27. jaina darzana meM saMlekhanA kA mahatvapUrNa sthAna 28. satyaM zivaM sundaram 26. manuSya jAti kA sarvottama AhAraH zAkAhAra 30. varNoM kA vibhAjana 31. jaina dRSTi se manuSyoM meM ucca-nIca vyavasthA kA AdhAra 32. vedottara kAla meM brahmavidyA kI punarjAgRti 33. jainamatAnusAra abhAva prameya-mImAMsA 34. zrAvaka dharma 35. jana zAsana aura jinazAsana 36. satyAgraha aura pazu 37. puruSa prajApati 1. bhAratIya saMskRti kA vAstavika dRSTikoNa 2. zrAryoM se pahale kI bhAratIya saMskRti 3. jaina zramaNa saMgha kI zAsanapaddhati 4. jaina saMskRti meM samAjavAda 5. prAcIna bhArata kI jaina zikSaNapaddhati 6. 'momArgasya netAram' ke karttA pUSapAda devanandi 7. karNATaka ke jaina zAsaka lekhaka surezamuni zAstrI sAhityala indracandra zAstrI gopIlAla 'amara' milApacandra kaTAriyA ratanalAla saMghavI rAjakumAra jaina jainendrakumAra cainavAsa yAyatI DA0 kanhaiyAlAla sahala muni suzIlakumArajI DA0 bhuvanezvaranAtha mizra 'mAdhava' paM0 hIrAlAla jaina tRtIya adhyAya 529 - 712 saMskRti, samAja, itihAsa aura purAtatva muni mahendrakumArajI dvitIya devanArAyaNa zarmA jugalakizora mukhtAra darabArIlAla jaina koThiyA rameza upAdhyAya zikharacandra kocara DA0 satyakAma varmA baMzIdhara zAstrI jayabhagavAna jaina sAdhvI nirmalAzrI DA0 indracandra zAstrI muni santabAla kAkA kAlelakara. DA0 vAsudevazaraNa agravAla DA0 maMgaladeva zAstrI DA0 gulAbacandra poparI muni kalyANavijayajI sAdhvI umAbakuMvarajI DA0 harIndrabhUSaNa jaina DA0 nathamala TATiyA bhujabalI zAstrI pRSTha 346 357 368 386 365 402 405 408 415 423 426 426 436 440 448 454 466 470 472 474 484 464 466 514 517 516 531 536 543 551 555 563 570
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________________ pRSTha krama nibandha lekhaka 8. upaniSad purANa aura mahAbhArata meM jainasaMrakRti ke svara muni nathamala jI 1. vaizAlInAyaka ceTaka aura sindhu sauvIra kA rAjA udAyana AcArya jinavijaya jI 10. bhAratIya saMskRti meM santa kA mahattva sAdhvI kusumavatI jI 11. jainAgama aura nArI ___ kalAvatI jaina 12. zrI ela0pI0 jaina aura unakI saMketalipi nathamala dUgar3a tathA gajasiMha rAThaur3a 13. dakSiNa bhArata meM jainadharma zrIraMjana sUrideva 14. vRSabhadeva tathA ziva saMbaMdhI prAcya mAnyatAeM DA0 rAjakumAra jaina 15. rAjasthAna meM prAcIna itihAsa kI zodha DA0 devIlAla pAlIvAla 16. kAlidAsa aura vikrama para eka vicAra sUryanArAyaNa vyAsa 17. mahAvIra aura buddha-janma va pravajyAyeM muni nagarAjajI 18. mahAvIra dvArA pracArita prAdhyAtmika gaNarAjya aura usakI paraMparA badrIprasAda paMcolI 16. raidhU sAhitya kI prazastiyoM meM aitihAsika va sAMskRtika sAmagrI rAjArAma jaina 20. dhaulapura kA cAhamAna 'caNDamahAsena' kA saMvat 868 kA zilAlekha ratnacandra agravAla 21. prAcIna vAstuzilpa bhagavAnadAsa jaina zAstrI 22. mahApaMDita ToDaramalajI anUpacandra nyAyatIrtha 23. tumbavana aura Arya vana vijayendra sUrIzvara 24. debArI ke rAjarAjezvara mandira kI aprakAzita prazasti ratnacandra agravAla 25. rAjasthAnI citrakalA pro0 paramAnanda coyala 26. madhya bhArata kA jaina purAtatva paramAnanda jaina MMOGGARAK 0 0 0 0 0 nGum n y 3y 4 mn 4 caturtha adhyAya 713-916 bhASA aura sAhitya 1. jaina zrAgamadhara aura prAkRta vAGmaya muni puNyavijayajI 2. jainavAGmaya ke yorapIya saMzodhaka gopAlanArAyaNa bahurA 3. rAmacarita sambandhI rAjasthAnI jaina sAhitya agaracanda nAhaTA 4. jaina kRSNa-sAhitya mahAvIra koTiyA 5. rAjasthAnI jaina santoM kI sAhitya-sAdhanA DA0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla 6. tIna ardhamAgadhI zabdoM kI kathA DA0 harivallabha cunnIlAla bhAyANI 7. jainazAstra aura maMtravidyA ambAlAla premacandra zAha 8. kAhala zabda ke artha para vicAra bahAduracanda chAbar3A 1. rAjasthAnI sAhitya meM jaina sAhityakAroM kA sthAna puruSottamalAla menAriyA 10. prAcIna digambarIya graMthoM meM zvetAmbarIya AgamoM ke avataraNa paM0 becaradAsa dozI 11. saMskRta koSasAhitya ko prAcArya hemacandra kI apUrva dena DA0 nemicandra zAstrI 12. apabhraMza jaina sAhitya pro0 devendra kumAra jaina 13. zrAgamasAhitya kA paryAlocana muni kanhaiyAlAla jI 'kamala' 14. ajamera-samIparvI kSetra ke katipaya upekSita hindI sAhityakAra muni kAntisAgara jI 15. karNATaka sAhitya kI prAcIna paramparA vardhamAna pA0 zAstrI IM SIGG G GOGGG G6 6 MMMMG GKKK K000 Wwwxx 781 825 Jain Education Intemational
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________________ pRSTha krama nivandha 16. kAvya meM adhyAtma 17. jaina kathAsAhitya 18. Ayurveda kA uddezya-saMyamasAdhanA 16. eka jainetara santakRta jambU caritra 20. paumacariyaM ke racanAkAla sambandhI katipaya aprakAzita tathya 21. jaina kathAsAhitya : eka paricaya 22. mevAr3a meM racita jaina sAhitya 23. apabhraMza kA vikAsa pariziSTa lekhaka suzIlakumAra divAkara DA. jyotiprasAda jaina paM0 kundanalAla jaina bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA DA0 ke0 RSabhacandra pro0 zrIcandra jaina zAMtilAla bhAradvAja 'rAkeza' DA0 govardhana zarmA 861 865 867 870 877 884 860 600 paMcama adhyAya 1-94 aMgrejI vibhAga 1. Jainism : AGreat religion Prof. N. G. Suru, Ruparel College, Bombay 2. Message to Humanity Prof.G. R. Jain, Gwalior 2. A Survey of Jaina Religion and Philosophy Dr. Nath Mal Tatia 4. The pre-Aryan Shramanic spiritualism Shri Ram Chandra Jain 5. Ahimsa, the Basic Social Ethic Dr. Bool Chand 6. The Doctrines of Jainism Shri K. B. Jindal, Calcutta 6. The Concepts of Parisaha and Tapa in Jainism Dr Kamal Chand Sogani, Alwer. 5. Nature of Divinity in Jaina Philosophy Dr. T. G. Kalghatgi 8. The non-Violence of Mahatma Gandhi and Gita Miss Ruth M. Weil *o. Some Aspects of Jain psychology as revealed in the Bhagawati Sutra. Dr. J. C. Sikdar 11. The Vratas other than Ahimsa-As propounded in Jainsm Dr. H. Bhattacharya 12. Shramadan or Voluntary manual labour-the old way Dr. N. V. Vaidya Jain Education Intemational
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________________ katipaya saMdeza PRESIDENT'S SECRETARIAT PRESIDENT'S CAMP, INDIA September 30, 1963. The President is happy to know that the Muni Shri Hazarimal Ji Commemoration Volume Samiti is bringing out a souvenir in memory of Muni Shri Hazarimal Ji. The Muni's life and teachings serve to inspire many people and the president hopes that these teachings will not only be remembered but practised by the wide circle of his followers and admirers. S. Dutt. Secretary to the President VICE-PRESIDENT INDIA NEW DELHI September 24, 1963. I am glad to know that you will bring out the Muni Shri Hazari Malji Commemoration Volume soon. I wish the publication success. Zakir Husain Jain Education Intemational
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________________ mujhe yaha jAnakara atyanta prasannatA huI hai ki muni zrI hajArImalajI ko RddhAJjali arpita karane hetu eka smRti-grantha kA prakAzana kiyA jA rahA hai| munijI kA jIvana tyAga aura tapasyA kA pratIka thA / mujhe AzA hai ki isa grantha ke prakAzana se zraddhAlu janoM ko preraNA milegii| mohanalAla sukhAr3iyA mukhya maMtrI, rAjasthAna CHIEF MINISTER FORT ST. GEORGE MADRAS June 5, 1964. I am glad to know that a commemoration volume in memory of Muni Hazarimalji Maharaj is to be published. This will enable people to know the simple and saintly life of Muniji. I am confident that his life will be a source of inspiration to others. M. Bhaktavatsalam MEMBER OE THE LOK SABHA 7-Raisina Road, NEW DELHI I am glad to know that a Commemoration Volume is being brought out in the memory of Muni Shri Hazarimalji, the great Jain saint of Rajasthan. The Muni's message of love, sympathy and compassion can be of great value at the present juncture when the whole world is strifetorn. I hope the Volume will be a comprehensive one and contain information about all aspects of the Muni's life and his teaching. Jagjivan Ram Jain Education Intemational
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________________ MINISTER OF SUPPLY INDIA NEW DELHI Sept. 23, 1963. I am glad to know that you are publishing the Muni Shri Hazarimalji Commemoration Volume in memory of Muni Shri Hazarimal Ji. India has produced great saints, sages, philosophers and yogis and they have kept the torch of Indian Culture and Spiritual knowledge burning through ages. Muni Shri was one of such illustrious sons of India who studied the Jain canon and preached the truths of Jajnisin. Those who came in contact with Muni Shri and heard him were inspired by his message of love, sympathy and compassion. It is but proper that the Samiti has decided to publish a volume in his memory. This is the best form of tribute the generation could pay to such a saint. I hope the volume will be a source of inspiration to the people. J.L. Hathi MEMBER OF PARLIAMENT (LOK SABHA) 38-South Avenue, NEW DELHI September 30, 1963 I am happy to learn that "Muni Shri Hazari. malji Commemoration Volume" is progressing satisfactorily towards publication. I deem it a great privilege to associate myself in paying an humble homage to that great Saint and Savant of revered memory, whose undying spiritual message and profound personal impact now forms a part of the magnificent heritage of the great teachers and preceptors of mankind. To remember and to recollect him is refreshing. To ponder over his teachings is truly uplifting and ennobling. I hope this volume dedicated to that great Saint would assuredly serve as a beacon light to kindle the sublime spark within each of us and to enrich our outlook. The organizational efforts and the editorial labours of the Commemoration Volume Samiti are worthy of the highest approbation and I have great pleasure in sending my sincerest good wishes for the unbounded success of this venture. L.M. Singhvi Jain Education Intemational
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________________ CHIEF MINISTER MAHARASTRA Sachivalaya, Bombay-32 September 27, 1963 I am glad to know that Muni Shri Hazarimalji Commemoration Volume Samiti is bringing out a Commemoration Volume to commemorate the memory of late Muni Shri Hazarimalji, a great savant of Rajasthan whose memories are cherished by many. I wish the Commemoration Volume all success. M. S. Kannamwar CHIEF MINISTER WEST BENGAL CALCUTTA October 4, 1963. We are living in a world of strange contradictions. While we are discovering new ways of waging war, we are forgetting the Ideals of peaceful living; while we have mastered the means of destruction, we have yet to learn how to build goodwill among mankind. We know quitely a lot about atomic explosions and know so little about the philosophy of truth and non-violence. In a world tormented by lust and distrust, the advent of noble souls like Muni Shri Hazarimal Ji was like the sudden appearance of a streak of spiritual light in the midst of material gloom. I should, therefore, congratulate the Committee on this publication of the Commemoration volume, and I am sure this will carry far and wide the message that the late Muni ji conveyed during his life time. Profulla Chandra Sen Jain Education Intemational
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________________ dha muni zrI hajArImala jI una sAdhu-santoM kI paramparA meM the ki jinhoMne bhAratavarSa ko hamezA sahI rAstA dikhAyA hai / bhAratavarSa kI vizeSa dena AdhyAtmika sevA se hI ho sakatI hai| aura isa bAta ko hamAre sAdhu-santa samaya samaya para batAte rahate haiM / mujhe prasannatA hai ki muni zrIhajArImala jI kI smRti meM eka vizeSa graMtha nikAlA jA rahA hai / maiM isakI pUrNa saphalatA cAhatA huuN| DEPUTY MINISTER kAlUlAla zrImAlI bhUtapUrva zikSAmaMtrI INFORMATION & BROADCASTING INDIA NEW DELHI September 27, 1963. I am glad that you are bringing out a commemorative volume in honour of Muni Shri HazariMalji. India has always honoured saint-scholars and it is heartening that the tradition continues. I wish the venture every success. Sham Nath yaha bar3I prasannatA kI bAta hai ki eka vidvAna jaina santa zrI hajArImala jI ma0 kI smRti meM eka vizAla smRti-graMtha kA prakAzana kiyA jA rahA hai. isa mAdhyama se hama santa jIvana ke najadIka pahu~cate haiM. pavitra jIvana-vyavahAra ko hRdayaMgama karate haiM. eka mahAn jIvana kA smaraNa- cintana karate haiM. isa kArya se avazya hI hamArI AtmA meM ucca aura pavitra bhAvanAoM kI jAgRti hogI. maiM muni hajArImala smRtigraMtha ke prakAzana kA svAgata karatA hU~ aura pUrNa saphalatA kI kAmanA karatA hU~. pI0 ena0 seTha DipTI sekreTarI iMDasTrIja, rAjasthAna
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________________ rAjasthAna, vIraprasavinI bhUmi hai / vIratA ke itihAsa meM rAjasthAna kA sthAna samagra vizva meM anupama hai| isa tathya ko bahuta loga jAnate haiM / parantu saMskRti aura sAhitya ke kSetra meM rAjasthAna kA jo gauravapUrNa sthAna hai usakI pUrNatA se kama loga hI paricita haiN| prasannatA kA viSaya hai ki kucha samaya se isa kSetra ke sAMskRtika aura sAhityika gaurava ko prakAza meM lAne vAlI aneka yojanAeM sAmane A rahI haiN| muni zrIhajArImala jI ma0 kA smRtigraMtha bhI una meM se eka hai| yaha yojanA bhI atyanta mahatvapUrNa hai| munizrI rAjasthAna ke eka dharmopadeSTA mahApuruSa the, / unakI vANI se sahasroM mAnavoM ne apane jIvana ko ucca aura sAtvika banAyA hai| unakI smRti meM kiyA jAne vAlA yaha Ayojana prazaMsanIya hai| maiM isakI hRdaya se saphalatA cAhatA huuN| govinda nArAyaNa adhyakSa svAyatta zAsana saMsthA bhAratIya saMskRti santoM kI sAdhanA se hI aMkurita, pallavita aura puSpita huI hai. saca pUchiye to santa janoM kI divya caryA aura vANI kA itihAsa hI bhArata kI AdhyAtmika saMskRti kA itihAsa hai. saubhAgya kI bAta hai ki bhAratavarSa meM ajJAta atIta kAla se lekara Adhunika yuga taka santoM kI anavacchinna paramparA cAlU hai. ina santoM ne jana jIvana ke vividha aMgoM ko parimArjana karane meM mahattvapUrNa yoga diyA hai. zrI hajArImalajI ma0 usI paramparA kI eka kaDI the. rAjasthAna ke saumya sAdhaka the. unhoMne apanA samagra jIvana svapara kalyANa ke artha hI utsarga kara diyA thA. AzA hai unakI smRti meM prakAzita honevAlA graMtha bhI jana-jIvana ko unnata banAne meM sahAyaka hogA. graMtha prakAzana kA prayAsa prazaMsanIya hai. maiM graMtha kI hRdaya se saphalatA cAhatA hU~. haragoviMda mevAr3A cIpha TAuna plAnara, rAjasthAna
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________________ mAnava jIvana meM sarvottama hai aura jisakI badaulata saMsAra meM Aja bhI prazasta bhAvanAe~ prabhAva hIna nahIM huI haiM, vaha ucca tattva prANI mAtra ko apane samAna mAna kara vyavahAra karane vAle mahAn santoM kI hI dena hai. santa kA jIvana vyavahAra aura upadeza mAnava jAti ko aMdhakAra se prakAza kI ora le jAne vAlA hotA hai. saMsAra aise santoM kA sadA RSi rahA hai. rAjasthAna kI eka nirmala vibhUti mUni hajArImalajI ma0 aise hI santoM meM se eka the. maiM unake prati apanI hArdika zraddhAMjali arpita karatA hU~. aura unakI smati meM prakAzita honevAle virAT graMtha ke Ayojana kI saphalatA cAhatA hU~. bhaMvaralAla mehatA DAyarekTara svAyatta zAsana vibhAga pavatritA, sAdagI aura uccatA bhAratIya saMskRti kA mUla hai. hamAre santoM ne hamArI saMskRti ke una mUlyavAn tattvoM ko ko sadaiva hI surakSita rakhA hai. aura samaya samaya para vikasita bhI kiyA hai. unake jIvana se prerita ho kara hama loga bhI apanI isa mahAn saskRti kI dhArA ke sAtha calate haiM aura bar3hate rahe hai. munizrI hajArImalajI ma0 kA jIvana eka taponiSTha santa jIvana thA. smRti meM prakAzita kiye jA rahe smRtigraMtha kA mahattva tathA mUlya isalie nirvivAda hai. maiM isa graMtha kI pUNataH saphalatA cAhatA hU~. gulAbasiMha lor3hA DAyarekTara samAja kalyANa rAjasthAna svAmIjI mahArAja ke darzana pAne kA saubhAgya to mujhe nahIM milA, parantu unake viSaya meM jo kucha sunA aura par3hA hai, usase merA hRdaya unake prati zraddhA se pUrNa hai. aise mahAnubhAva kisI bhI sampradAya ke kyoM na hoM ve saba ke AdaraNIya hote haiM. unakI sAdhutA ke prati merI hArdika zraddhAMjali arpita hai. merI tuccha buddhi meM yahI AtA haipatha bahuta haiM, eka hI gantavya, divya kI hI ora unmukha bhavya / -maithalIzaraNa Jain Education Intemational
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________________ pha MINCHOSTER, MASS, U.S.A. October 11, 1963 However much I would like to contribute to the Commemoration Volume, I have not time to write a paper for this Volume. At my advanced age of 74, I am over burdened by the work I am carrying now. I am sorry for this situation but it cannot be helped. Volume. Wishing the fullest measure of success to the P.A. Sorokin J. K. ORGANISATION KAMLA TOWN, KANPUR October 8, 1963 Mahamuni Shri Hazari Malji Maharaj was a great savant who had practised what he has preached. Born in a business community of Rajasthan, he showed great asceticism and detachment from early boyhood and followed strict rules of jain order. He engaged himself in preaching the truth, enshrined in the order. Very few saints of our age have attained such high standard of personal merit and sadhna as was done by him. On the occasion of publication of a Commemoration Volume for the savant of humanity, I pay my reverential homage to him. Padampat Singhania mujhe yaha jAnakara prasannatA huI ki zrI hajArImala jI ma0 kI smRti meM vizAla graMtha prakAzita kiyA jA rahA hai| muni kA jIvana jitanA pAvana hotA hai-- smaraNa bhI usase kama pAvana nahIM hotaa| atIta ke agaNita santa mahAtmAoM kI jIvanI Aja bhI preraNA kA pravahamAna prabala srota hai / maiM Apake prayAsa kI saphalatA kI kAmanA karatA hU~ aura cAhatA hU~ ki smRtigraMtha rAjasthAna ke sAhitya, saMskRti, dharma, nIti ke kSetra meM kiye gaye atItakAlIna mahAn prayAsoM kA eka ujjvala prativimba bana ske| barakatullA khAM svAyattazAsana maMtrI, rAjasthAna pUjyapAda lokottara santa svAmI zrI hajArImala jI ma0 kI smRti meM prakAzita hone vAle grantha kI maiM pUrNa saphalatA cAhatA / svAmI jI ma0 kA pavitra jIvana jagat ke lie pathapradarzaka hai / isase aneka jijJAsuoM ko prasannatA hogI / -amaracaMda modI
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________________ muni zrIhajArImala smRti-graMtha-- jIvanavRtta, saMsmaraNa, zraddhAMjali aura. paramparA-darzana -prathama adhyAya Jain Education Intemational
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________________
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________________ muni zrImizrImalajI ma. 'madhukara' muni zrIhajArImalajI : jIvanavRtta gRhIjIvana: eka dina avani para AMkheM khulIM,-yaha jIvana kA prArambha huA ! eka dina A~khoM ne dekhanA banda kara diyA-yaha jIvana kA anta huA ! jIvana kisa taraha jIyA gayA-yaha jIvana kA madhya hai ! kauna kisa taraha jIvana jI gayA--yaha mahattvapUrNa prazna hai. isI prazna kI carcAoM meM se jIvana caritoM kA gaThana, lekhana aura pariguMphana hotA hai. manuSya-deha meM, jIvana dhAraNa karane para jisakA jIvana asAdhAraNa guNoM kI ora abhimukha hotA hai, usake asAdhAraNa vyaktitva se manuSya preraNA grahaNa kara apane jIvana ko suvAsa se parivyApta karanA cAhatA hai. manuSya kA vikala devatva satat kAla se aise hI jIvana kI Toha meM rahA hai. mAnava durbalatAoM se abhibhUta rahatA AyA hai. mAnavIya durbalatAoM meM jIte-jIte vaha durguNoM meM atyadhika Asakta ho gayA. ataH AsaktiyoM para vijaya prApta karane vAle jIvanoM kA anugamana karane meM hI AtmA kI samupalabdhi saMbhAvya hai. megha se sahasroM bUMdeM, mA~ dharatI ke premAMka meM paritrANa prApta karane ke liye-niHsRta hotI haiM. eka sthAna se avataraNa karane vAlI sabhI bUMdeM muktA nahIM banatIM ! sIpI ke sampuTa meM praviSTa honevAlI bUMda hI akhaMDa saubhAgyavatI hai. kAlAMtara meM manuSya use muktA kI saMjJA pradAna karatA hai. marudharA ke janavaMdya, mahAmanA muni zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja kA jIvana, rAjasthAna kI sUkhI miTTI meM prakaTa huA thA. eka dina isI dharatI ke kaNoM meM unakI kAyA samAhita ho gaI. bhAratavarSa kI vimala santa-saMskRti ke prati, arpaNabhAva rakhane vAloM ne unakA puNyasmaraNa kara-kara samarpaNabhAva kA tarpaNa ina zabdoM meM kiyA. "unakI pavitra kAyA mATI meM nahIM samAI, vaha sonA bana gaI." ve deha dhAre rahe--taba taka janamAnasa unheM santa-ratna kahatA rahA. mahAmuni zraddheya zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja ke jIvana ko hama apanI lekhanI se kitanA aMkita kara pAyeMge-nahIM kaha sakate. hama jo likheMge janatA use nahIM saha sakatI. kyoMki hamAre kahane se bhI adhika unakA garimA-mahimA-yukta jIvana aura jIvana kI ghaTanAoM kA smaraNa citrAlaya-unake pAsa hai. mahApuruSoM kA jIvana lekhanI se likhe jAne kA viSaya nahIM hotA. santa kA jIvana vaiziSTyoM kA kSIrasAgara hotA hai. manuSya kina-kina binduoM kA kalama kI nokase saMdarzana karAyegA ? likhate-likhate aneka jIvana bhI eka jIvana kA sampUrNa aMkana nahIM kara sakate. ukta aMkita aMza meM saiddhAntika dRSTi se bahuta bar3A satya sannihita hai. eka vyakti santa ke jIvana kA bayAna karane kA dAvA bhI nahIM kara sakatA. kyoMki vANI se santa-jIvana ko parijJApita karAte-karAte vANI becArI klAMta ho jAtI hai. aMkanakAra thaka kara zItala chA~ha kI pratyAzA karane lagatA hai. jIvana kA prAraMbha pUjya zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja ne apane jIvana ko kaise jIyA ? unhoMne apane jIvana meM kina-kina vizeSatAoM ko kisa-kisa prakAra se samAhita kiyA-yaha utanA mahattvapUrita nahIM hai. vaha mahA vyaktitva janamAnasa meM kisa prakAra jIvita
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________________ 2 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya hai, janatA usako kisa rUpa-prArUpa meM yAda karatI hai--yaha mahattvamaMDita hai. isa nikaSa ke AdhAra para kisI bhI vyaktitva kA aMkana hI kharA aMkana hai. isa mahAkasauTI para uttIrNa hone vAle kanaka kI zuddhi asaMdigdha hai. likhane ko to kisI ke bAre meM kucha bhI likhakara pracArita kiyA jA sakatA hai, parantu aisA lekhana jijJAsuoM ke jIvana meM parivartana nahIM lA sakatA. bar3A kauna ?: bar3A vyakti kauna hai ? jisa kA nAma bar3A ho vaha bar3A nahIM, jisakA kAma bar3A hotA hai vaha mahAn hai. jIvanakAla meM manuSya ke bar3appana ko nApane kA tarIkA-usane kAma kyA kiyA aura kaise kiyA-yaha hai. usake svargavAsI ho jAne para usake gurupana kI pahacAna kA tarIkA-usakI smRti meM pIche se kyA hogA, usakI apUrNa bhAvanA kI paripUrti kisa prakAra hogI-yaha hai ! unakA janma : pUjya muni zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja kI mAtA nandUbAI dhanya-dhanya ho gaI thI, jisa dina putra 'hajArI' ne janma liyA thA. pitA kA pArivArika paristhitivaza atRpta pitRtva bhI putrajanma se pulaka uThA thA, jaba choTe-choTe hAtha hilAte, paira paTakate,--motIlAlajI muNota ne vIraputra hajArI ko prathama bAra dekhA thA. vasanta kA mana-bhAvanA mausama ! zIta kI bidAI aura naisargika suSamA kA Agamana ! kalpanA karate hI mana alaukika ullAsa se bhara uThatA hai. aisI hI usa ullAsamayI vasaMta paMcamI' ko nandUbAI, vAtsalya meM bhIga gaI thIM. apanI kUkha ko sarAhane lagI. do-do putroMkI judAI bhUla gaI-mastiSka meM nAnA kalpanAoM ke vAcArahita zabdacitra, bane, bigar3e, ubhare aura miTe ! mAtA-pitA : anya jana : pUjya mahAmuni ke pitA do bhAI the. gA~va ke zabdoccAraNa ke anusAra motIjI aura pithAjI. inakA susaMskRta rUpa motIlAla muNota aura pRthvIcandra muNota--hotA hai. pRthvIcandrajI bar3e the. motIlAlajI, hajArImalajI sahita tIna putra aura eka putrI ke pitA the. hajArI ke bar3e bhAI, madhyapradeza ke pravezadvAra 'jAvada' meM eka nikaTa ke parivAra meM dattaka putra ke rUpa meM rahane lage the. majhale ko bhI kyA a~cI ki ve bhI bar3e ke pAsa hI rahane lage the. pitA kA sneha kisa putra-pAtra meM sthAna pAe? unhoMne apanI mamatA ko putrI kizanI bAI meM kendrita kara samatva-sAdhanA prArambha kI. samatva-sAdhanA ke pratiphala meM se eka dina, janaka-jananI ke mamatvakendra caritrAdhAra 'hajArI' avatarita hue. pitA aura mAtA ne unheM mAtra apanA hI hajArI mAnane kA svariNama svapna dekhA thA. para donoM ko hI patA nahIM thA ki hajArI mAtra unhIM kI mamatA kA kendra rahegA yA jana-jana kA pUjya aura zraddhA kA AdhAra banegA. pitA kI snehadhArA : saMsAra meM sthAyitva ke nAma para kyA sthira hai ? kucha bhI nahIM ! sneha aura mamatva bhI bahakAe aura ba~TAe ba~Ta jAte haiM. sneha kA srota eka dizA meM bahate-bahate dUsarI dizA meM bahane lagatA hai. pitA kA sampUrNa sneha, kizanI meM kendrita thA. putra ke Ate hI pitA kA sneha putra para AdhArita ho gayA. pitA ghara se bAhara pratipala zrama karane lage. mastiSka se putra hajArI ke sukhI va zikSita karane ke svapnacitroM meM raMga bharane lage. ghara meM nandU aura kizanI hajArI kI killola aura 1. saM0 1943. DAMsariyA grAma (mevAr3a) Jain Education
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________________ muni zrI mizrImala 'madhukara': jIvana-vRtta : 3 kilakAriyoM se hRdaya meM ullasita hone lagI.ha~sate-khelate, bhAgate-girate, rote aura mIThI nIMda meM sote hajArI ko dekha-dekha kara ve ullAsa se bhara-bhara jAtI. snehAdhAra : Nuo Ye Zi Zi Ran Nuo Nuo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Nuo Ran Qi Ran Qi Duan You mAtA ne mAnA thA--yaha merI mamatA kA meru hai. bhaginI ne bhAI ko bala kA AdhAra mAnA thA. pitA ne nizcaya kiyA thA--'merA sArA karma aura dharma hajArI ke lie hai. yaha merI kIrti kA yugAMtarakArI dhvaja hai!' sneha ba~Ta jAtA hai. dhana luTa jAtA hai. samaya saraka jAtA hai. samaya kI karavaTa se, saba ulaTa-pulaTa ho jAtA hai ! pitA nyAyanIti se dhanopArjana ke pakSakAra the. kRSi, gopAlana, vastu kA AdAna-pradAna, vikraya aura vibhAjana--ye unake arthopArjana ke srota the! ve ina para AdhArita the. svabhAva ke pUrNa sAdhu. samaya ne aMgar3AI lI--saba kucha bikhara gayA. calasampatti vibhAjita ho gaI. acala ke hisse meM bhI sabaloM kI A~kheM gar3a gaIM. adRSTa abhAva, deha dhAraNa kara sAmane A gayA. motIlAlajI ne sthira mastiSka aura zAnta mana ho sthiti para vijaya prApta karanI cAhI. roga kA bhayaMkara AkramaNa huA. unhoMne dhairyapUrvaka rogAkramaNa se saMgharSa kiyA. zArIrika asvasthatA meM bhI mAnasika svasthatA kA anubhava kiyA . tIna varSa taka roga se jIrNa kAyA ke dvArA gharakA kAma sa~bhAlA. gA~va ke bar3e-bUr3he strI-puruSoM kI A~khoM kA sukha hajArI par3hane lagA. putra pAMca varSa kA huA. pitA kAla kI A~khoM A gae. mAtA nirAdhAra ho gaI. parijanoM ke mukhamaMgala vacana, nandU kI AvazyakatA aura duHkhI mana kI marahama na bana sake. jaise-taise mAtA ne do varSa vyatIta kara diye. mAtAne socAH 'merA hajArI sAta varSa kA ho gayA hai. kizanI sAla do sAla meM apane ghara kI ho jAyagI taba taka yaha bhI samajhane lagegA. jaise-taise ghara kA kAma cala jAyagA. 'unakI' aMtima nizAnI ko dekha-dekhakara hI jIvana bitA dUMgI. vRddhAvasthA kA aba merA yahI to eka AdhAra hai? ghara-gRhasthI kI bAteM samajhane lagegA to kyA mere 'lAla' ko garIba ghara kI kanyA na milegI ? jarUra milegI. jananI para vipatti: mAtA jAnatI thI, svajana--vaise to sabhI svArtha meM DUbe hue haiM. sArA saMsAra hI svArtha kI Aga meM jala rahA hai. nirarthaka parArthacintana kisa ko sUjhatA hai ? ve dina, vaha samaya aba nahIM hai ki sva aura para hita cintana manuSya sAtha-sAtha kiyA karatA thA. isake pitA bAra-bAra kahA karate the-"kizanI kI mA~ ! merI A~kheM banda ho jAeMgI to hajArI kA kyA hogA ?" maiM unheM kahA karatI thI- "Apa aisI azubha kalpanA kyoM karate haiM ?" merA yaha kahanA, Aja socatI hU~ jhUThI sAMtvanA thI. jhUThI ho yA saccI, ve to ananta patha ke pathika ho gae. apanI rAha cale gae. na jAne kauna-sI ajJAta zakti hai jo anajAne meM hI hamAre 'apane' ko apane pAsa bulA liyA karatI hai. zAyada unako nyAya-nItimaya jIvana jIte hue yaha dIkhane lagA thA ki maiM calA jAU~gA aura hajArI besahArA ho jAegA. maiM unakI bAta ko TAla jAyA karatI thI. jaba-taba yaha bhI kahatI--'vIrabhUmi mevAr3a kA jAyA janmA apanI Ana aura zAna para maratA miTatA AyA hai. vipannAvasthA meM bhI vaha parAjaya nahIM svIkAra karatA hai. zrama ke kaNa hI mevAr3a ke motI haiM. pichalA itihAsa batAtA hai, zrutiparamparA se, bar3e-bUr3hoMke mu~ha sunatI AI hU~-mevAr3a kI miTTI ke rajaHkaNoM meM loTa-loTakara bar3A hone vAlA mevAr3I hRdaya kA bholA, bar3oM kA Adara karane vAlA evaM apanI Ana-zAnako prANa-praNa se nibhAne vAlA hotA hai. vaha kisI ke sAmane apekSA aura AkAMkSA ke lie hAtha pasAra kara apanI dInatA nahIM dikhAtA. Aja isa satya kI kasauTI kA dina A gayA hai. 1. samyagdRSTi AtmA, asAtAvedanIya kA tIvratama udaya hone para bhI zArIrika cintAoM meM nimagna na rahane ke kAraNa nirjarA kA adhakiArI banatA hai, jaba ki ThIka vaisI sthiti meM vahI karmodaya mithyAdRSTi AtmAoM ke lie bandha kA kAraNa hai ! eka vastu ho kara bhI dRSTimeda se bhinna sthiti kI suSTi hotI hai. jaisA ki AdhyAtmika santa mahAtmA gAMdhI ke AdhyAtmika mArgadarzaka zrImad rAyacandrajI ne nimna paMktiyoM meM abhivyakta kiyA hai-'jJAnI ke ajJAnI jana sukha duHkha thI rahita na koya, zAnI vede dhairya thI ajJAnI vede roy|' delibrary.org
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________________ 03 Jain Eduction In 4 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : prathama adhyAya hajArI ke lie maiM unake jIte jI socA karatI thI, isake hajAra hAtha haiM para Aja socatI hU~-hajArI ke hajAra hAtha nahIM, ye do hI hAtha haiM. ina do A~khoM kI bATa hRdaya meM basA hajArI aba kisakA AdhAra gahe ? 'acchA vyavahAra bure avasara para kAma AtA hai' isake pitA yaha kahA karate the. unakA acchA vyavahAra beTI ke hAtha pIle karane meM sahayogI na hogA ? Aja isa bAta kI bhI parIkSA kara dekhUM. agara kisI ne sahayoga kiyA to ThIka, anyathA jaganniyantA jaise cAhegA vaise hI rahanA hai honI sAmane AegI. honI ke hajAra hAtha hote haiM, honI ke aba taka jIvana meM kyA-kyA nahIM dekhe haiM. jo-jo dekhA vaha saba Aja ubhara ubhara kara yAda A rahA hai. duHkha kI ghar3I to manuSya kI bisAta nApane AtI hai. do-do putra haiM. Aja ve kamA khAne yogya haiM. goda to eka hI gayA hai. ve cAheM to kauna aisA hai jo apane bhAI kI hamadardI karane se roka-Toka sakatA hai ? para nahIM, merA yaha socanA hI galata hai. mevAr3a kA itihAsa batalAtA hai-yahA~ khUna ke rizte bhI pratIta meM TUTate rahe haiM. mevAr3a kI yaha zAna hai ki yahA~ kA vAsiMdA jisake yahA~ bhI rahe usakA pUrNa vaphAdAra banakara rahe. Ana aura zAna para maranA miTanA to yahA~ kI pavitra aura pAvanI paramparA rahI hai. zAna aura Ana ke lie to pannA dhAya ne jise apanA mAna liyA thA usa amarasiMha kI rakSA ke liye, adhikAra ke lobhI udayasiMha ko khaDga hAtha lie dekha apane putra kI ora nissaMkoca bhAva se saMketa kara diyA thA. prasannatA hai merA putra dattaka putra ke rUpa meM jisa mA~ kI sUnI goda bharane gayA hai usakI goda amara rahe. merA kyA hai Dhalate sUraja kI sI jindagI rahI hai--bitA hI lUMgI aura vaha kahane lagI : 'merI kUMkha se jAye janme beTe ! tU jahA~ gayA hai vahIM kA hokara rahanA. apane deza kI yaha nirmala paramparA hai. bhAI aura mA~ ke moha meM Akara apane kartavya se jarA bhI uparata mata honA tere pitA kA aura merA, merA aura tere bhAI hajArI kA isI meM gaurava hai.' nandra kA svAbhimAna : zramaniSThA : mAtA nandU ne kucha samaya bAda putrI kizanIbAI ke hAtha pIle kara nizciMtatA anubhava kara lI thI. manuSya kI jaba kisI bhI kArya yA niyamapAlana para se niSThA samApta ho jAtI hai taba vaha dUsaroM kI ora dekhatA hai ! ! anya kI sAdhana - suvidhAoM para nirbhara ho jAtA hai dhAe~ kisa prakAra prApta hoM, phira vaha yaha nahIM dekhatA pratikUla ! usakA sampUrNa prayatna isa para AdhArita ho jAtA hai ki suviki amuka kArya merI AtmA aura saMskRti ke anukUla rahegA yA vaha parama niSThAvAna thI. usa ke hie kA hAra hajArI nau varSa kA ho gayA. use smaraNa AyA : 'hajArI ke lie motI kI sampatti meM se kucha bacA khucA thA vaha bhI dhIre-dhIre lAlacI logoM ke kabje meM ho gayA.' bhArata kI asahAya nArI kyA karatI ? mere tere se apekSA ? para yaha kArya mevAr3a kI svAbhimAninI nandU ko svIkArya nahIM thA, tAtkAlika osavAla jAti ke vidhiniSedhoM ke anusAra ghara se bAhara jAkara zrama ke nAma para kucha karanA sambhava na thA. hAtha pasArane kA vicAra usake raktANutroM meM bhI praviSTa na huA thA. eka dina mAtA nandUbAI hajArI ke janmasthAna (DAMsariyA, TADagar3ha ke samIpa mevAr3a) se 42 mIla dUra, rasabhUmi rAjasthAna ke byAvara nagara meM kAma kI talAza meM calI AI. DAMsariyA meM motIlAlajI kI khUna pasIne kI mehanata kA eka makAna aura kucha jamIna zeSa thI. byAvara meM rahate-rahate kAma kiyA. AtmA ke araNu-aNu meM vizvAsa, puruSArtha meM pUrNa niSThA aura svAbhimAna kI jyoti, jyotimAna ho gaI ki maiM kisI para AdhArita nahIM. saba ora se AtmIya sambandha kI Dora kA sirA TUTa gayA to kyA huA ? maiMne kabhI kisI ke Age hAtha to nahIM pasArA !' nandU ko apane makAna aura jamIna, hajArI kI killolasthalI - janmabhUmi kA mamatva vikala karane lagA. kucha dina ke lie DAMsariyA gaI. parantu adhika dina vahAM rahanA unake mana ko kacoTane lagA. punaH zIghra hI saba dekhabhAla kara, putra sahita lauTa AI. kAma karane lagI. kisI se prIta, na DAha. atIta ke salone alone saba svapna bisAra, zrama kara sukhapUrvaka S www.ratoply.org
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________________ muni zrImizrImala 'madhukara' : jIvana-vRtta : 5 rahane lagI. apane choTe-choTe hAthoM se putra hajArI bhI, mA~ ke kAma meM hAtha ba~TAne lagA. isa taraha mA~ sukhI thI. beTA sukhI thA. donoM kA eka choTA-sA saMsAra thA. mA~ apane beTe ko batA denA cAhatI thI ki 'svArtha se sarAbora isa saMsAra kA baratAva dekha le. bar3A hokara kisI se bhI Asa mata karanA. apanA kiyA hI apane kAma AtA haiM.' Duan Zhang Nuo Luo Luo Luo Kuan Kuan You Ran Dai Ran Ran Ran Qi Luo Luo Ban Cai nArI kA sukha : eka vastu bhI vibhinna anubhUtiyoM yA usake pRthak mAdhyama ke kAraNa, aneka rUpoM meM parivartita ho jAtI hai. satya eka hokara bhI vaiyaktika bheda se aneka hai. duHkha aura sukha bhI vaiyaktika bheda se aneka rUpAtmaka hai, zabdAtIta hai. nArI kA sukha puruSa se bhinna hai. vAtsalya usake sukha ko bar3hAtA hai. vAtsalya ke abhAva meM nArI nArAyaNI nahIM kahalAtI hai. susaMskAra aura svAbhimAna usake vAtsalya meM sthAyitva lAte haiM. usa samaya vaha vAtsalya ko jana-jana meM arpita kara detI hai. vahI usakA sukha, sukha hai. vaha apane jIvana kI pratyeka ghar3I meM dUsaroM ko sukhI dekhakara, dUsaroM ko sukhI banAkara apane Apako sukhI va prasanna anubhava karatI hai. tyAga aura sevA usakI AtmA kA saragama hai. use isameM akhaNDa Ananda kI upalabdhi hotI hai. isa Ananda meM DUba kara vaha apanA duHkha, apanA sukha-saba kucha bhulA detI hai. taba vaha apane meM sImita na raha kara virAT bana jAtI hai. pUjya svAmIjI mahArAja kI mA~ bhI eka aisI hI mA~ thI, usa mA~ ne apane vAtsalya ko virAT banAyA thA. vAtsalya ke usa virAT Aloka meM khar3I hokara eka dina apanI mamatA ke kendra hajArI ko sva-para kalyANa meM juTe rahanevAle paramAdaraNIya svAmIjI zrIjorAvaramalajI ke caraNoM meM sauMpa kara apane Apako dhanya-dhanya samajhA thA. isa arpaNa kI pUrva kathA nimna prakAra hai-- vartamAna varte sadA so jJAnI jaga mAya: mA~ ko eka dina vicAra AyA-hajArI ko nau mahIne taka apane peTa meM rakhA, aura kaMkha se jAyA-janma diyA. Aja duHkha kI sukha kI acchI burI ghar3iyoM ko pAra kara ke yaha nau varSa kA, isa dharatI para loTate-poTate, bhAgate-daur3ate-ho gayA hai. isa avasara para maiM mahAsatIjI zrIcauthAMjI ke darzanoM kA zubha lAbha putra sahita kyoM na lU~ ?' mA~ nandUbAI ne jainAcArya zrIjayamalajI mahArAja kI sampradAya kI sAdhvI zrIcauthAMjI ke byAvara meM darzana kie. sAdhvIjI ne bAlaka hajArI meM alaukika vyaktitva kI jhalaka dekhI. mAtA nandU kA zokapUrNa atIta sunA. nandU ko sAntvanA dI : "bahina, atIta ko yAda kara-karake hRdaya-ghaTa ko duHkha va zoka se kyoM bharatI ho? bItI ko bhulA do. vidhi ke adRzya hAthoM ne jo likhA thA--vaha huA. du:kha ke ghaTa ko aba bUMda-bUMda hI sahI-rItA kara do. duHkhI jIvana se mana aura tana donoM prakArakI zAnti bhaMga hotI hai. isa taraha to tuma apanI AtmA ko zoka-sAgara meM bora-bora jainasiddhAntAnusAra guru banA rahI ho." sAdhvI cauthAMjI kI bAta nandUbAI ke sarala hRdaya meM baiTha gaI. atIta para socanA chor3akara vaha vartamAna meM socane aura calane lagI aura isa satya ko sAkAra kara diyA-"vartamAna varte sadA so jJAnI jaga mAMya." svAmI jI ke mana kA jhukAva : hajArI ne apanA nau varSa taka kA jIvana do sukomala hAthoM aura hRdaya ke madhura upAlambhoM va prabhUta sneha tathA vAtsalya meM bitAyA thA. sAdhvI cauthAMjI kA vicArapUrNa jIvana-dizA saMketa sUtra evaM sAtvika vAtsalya pAkara bAlaka hajArI kA mana, sAdhu-jIvana kI ora jhuka gayA. eka dina putra hajArI ne mA~ se kahA : "mujhe guruNI mAtA ke darzana to karAe, kisI dina zraddhaya gurujI ke darzana bhI karA do na mA~." mAtA ko vartamAna para socane kI dizA sAdhvIjI se milI thI. ataH usane anubhava kiyA : 'bIte atIta ko bisAranA hI Jain Education Intemational For Private Personal Use Only
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________________ 6 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya zreSTha hai. bhaviSya ke kalpita sukha mere hAtha ke nahIM haiM. ve vidhi ke adhIna haiM. unake bAre meM kucha bhI socanA marumarIcikA kA anusaraNa karanA hI to hai !' vartamAna para socanA darzanajagat kA Thosa va sthAyI satya hai. vartamAna meM socane vAlA atIta ke andhere meM Thokara khAte dimAga ko bacA sakatA hai. bhaviSya ke adRzya garta meM girane se baca jAtA hai. mAtA nandU donoM kinAroM se pallA bacAkara jIvanapatha para agrapada honA sIkha cukI thI. mA~ ne hajArI ke kahe para kAna diyA. tatkAlIna sAdA jIvana aura ucca vicAroM ke saMpoSaka, pracAraka va prasAraka svAmIjI muni zrIjorAvaramalajI mahArAjake darzanArtha mA~ nandU aura putra hajArI ge|' gurujI kA upadeza cala rahA thA. grahaNazIla hajArI ne sunA. unakI saMskArI AtmA meM guru kA vyApaka dRSTikoNa samAviSTa ho gayA. guru kaha rahe the : "mAnava jIvana kI ucca bhUmikA 'bhUmA' banane se AtI hai. samasta vizva merA hai. saba mere haiM. maiM saba kA hU~ isa prakAra vyApaka cintana, manuSyako moha, droha, rAga, dveSa, krodha aura azAnti se mukta kara zAzvata sukha-zAnti kA anubhava karAtA hai." guru ke hRdaya se niHsRta prabhAvotpAdaka dharmadezanA sunI. hajArI kA mana svAmIjI mahArAja kI nirveda va vairAgya-mUlaka vANI meM bhIga gayA. hajArI ne kahA : "mA~, maiM aba sabakA bananA cAhatA hU~. maiM sabakA hU~. saba mere haiM. isa taraha mujhe vizva-prema kA adhikArI banane do." mA~ mauna ho gaI. "mAM mauna kyoM ho ! tuma to vartamAna para socane meM satya ke darzana karatI ho na, gurumAtA (cauthAMjI)ne kahA thA : 'atIta aura bhaviSya ke bAre meM socanA chor3o, bartamAna para socanA satya hai. atIta aura bhaviSya ke kAlpanika jAla meM mana ko phaMsAne se AtmA guru (kabaddha) hotI hai." putra kI pakar3a, prabala aura tarka-saMgata thI. mAtA ne kahA : "guruNIjI kA kahanA ThIka thA. terA kahanA bhI ThIka hai." "merA kahanA ThIka hai, to pUjya gurujI ke pAsa dIkSA lene kI ijAjata do.' yoM hajArI ne apane mana kI bAta kahI. mA~ aura beTA gurujI ke darzana karake ghara lauTa gae. guru-darzana kara lene para prastuta jIvanI ke AdhAra svAmI zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja ne bhAgavatI dIkSA kA hRdaya-bhUmi meM bIja vapana kara liyA thA. vaha unakI niraMtara raTa se aMkurita huA. putra kI vijaya huI. mAtA prasanna huI. eka dina snehamayI mA~ ne apane pyAre beTe ko mana kI eka anubhUti ke kSaNoM meM kahA thAH 'mere hiye ke hAra ! tU merI mamatA kA kendrabindu hai ! para terA nizcaya bhI pASANa-sA acala hai, yaha jAnakara hI maiM tujhe jaina-bhikSu jIvana svIkAra karane kI anumati de rahI hU~. terA hiyA merA hiyA hai. tujhe sAdhanA meM sukha hai, to maiM bAdhA nahIM banUMgI! mujhe tere sukha se alaga kahIM sukha nahIM dIkhatA. vandanIya gurudeva kI sevA, tana-mana kI ekatA sAdhakara karanA! sevA bahuta kaThina kArya hai. yaha suyoga, nagara kI kolAhala bharI duniyA se dUra rahakara ekAMta meM yoga sAdhanA karane vAle yogI ke liye bhI duSkara hai. sevA se bace samaya meM Atma-mandira meM bhakti kA sneha uMDelakara jJAna kI jyoti jgaanaa|'....... aura mA~ nandUbAI kI bholI-bhAlI A~khoM meM mamatA ke do zveta motI chalaka Aye. "mA~ ! tumane gurudeva ke samakSa kahA thA--merI chAtI kA dhana (hajArI) Apake caraNoM meM saharSa arpita hai, phira Aja ye viSAda ke A~sU kyoM Thulaka Aye haiM- tumhArI karuNAmayI A~khoM meM ?" mA~ se beTA apane mana kI kitanI bar3I bAta sahaja banatI dekha sahaja bhAva se kaha gayA. 'beTA, ye AMsU nahIM haiM, yaha to mAtRtva kA lakSaNa hai, inameM khArApana nahIM hai, yaha to mA~pana hai. AMsU mAtA hone kA pramANa hai. "to mA~ ! mere saMyama (muni-dIkSA) svIkAra karane se terA hiradA kaSTa pAtA hai ?" beTe kA vimala prazna thA. 'jaba hiradA dUra hotA hai, to kaSTa to hotA hI hai. hRdaya-se-hRdaya dUra hone para pIr3A janma hI jAtI hai. para tujhe sAdhanA meM sukha hai, to maiM apanI pIr3A bhulA dUMgI. hajArI beTA, merA sukha tujhe sukhI dekhane se alaga nahIM hai." . 1. nAgaura (marubhUmi) TA RaMerorary.org
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________________ muni zrImizrImala 'madhukara' : jIvana-vRtta : 7 tAttvika dRSTi se cintana karane para pratiphalita hotA hai ki yathArthataH mukti kA AdhAra viyoga hai. saMyoga nahIM. zramaNaparaMparA bahuta prAcInakAla se viyoga ke prati hI niSThAvAna rahI hai. AtmA aura karma kA viyoga aparihArya tathya hai. vahI zAzvata sukha kA AdhAra hai, saMyoga baMdha kA kAraNa hai. jIvana meM Agata viSamatAoM kA saMtulana cAritrika zakti dvArA hI saMbhava hai. spaSTa kahA jAya to saMyama hI karma aura AtmAke viyoga kA AdhAra hai . "mA~, maiM bhI tujhe sukhI dekhanA cAhatA hU~. tU mere sukha meM sukha dekhatI hai, yahI mAtR-hRdaya kA mAhAtmya hai. maiM dIkSA lekara sukha kA anubhava karUMgA to nizcaya hI isase tujhe bhI sukha milegA. maiM gurudeva ke sukha meM sukha khojUMgA aura guru ko sukha nirmala sAdhanA se milatA hai yaha bhI satya hai na ?" "hAM beTA, guruko sukha to nirmala sAdhanA se hI milatA hai." mA~ ne beTe kI mamatA ko gurubhakti meM samokara kahA. "to mAM, mujhe bhI svasukha, tere sukha aura guru-sukha hita-sAdhanA karanI hai. Aja tU mujhe trividha sukha ke liye antaHkaraNa se AzIrvAda de-jisase maiM kabhI sAdhanA se virata na ho sakeM. maiM jIvana kI antima ghar3I taka sAdhanA se virata na hoUMgA. yaha pratijJA Aja maiM terA caraNa-sparza kara, karatA hU~ ." gahajIvana meM adhyayana : Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Nuo Qi Lu Duan Ji Qi Nuo Nuo Nuo Pai svAmIjI mahArAja ne gurucaraNoM meM pahuMcane se pahale mahAjanI aura hindI bhASA kA adhyayana kara liyA thA. grAmya jIvana aura zikSaNa kI paddhati ke mAnadaNDa ke anusAra evaM usa yuga meM jo adhyayana karane-karAne kI suvidhA thI,--svAmIjI kI par3hAI pUrNa ho cukI thI. mAtA ne bhI samajha liyA thA ki putra likha par3a cukA hai. aba isake liye parI-sI bahU lAUMgI. maiM cAMda-sI apanI bahUrAnI ko eka nimiSa bhI alaga nahIM karUMgI. parantu vidhi ne apane adRzya hAthoM se svAmIjI ma. ke lie to pUrva puNya ke pratiphala svarUpa yoga-sAdhanA kA vidhAna kara diyA thA. mAtA aura pitA donoM hI isa satya se aparicita the. caritanAyaka hajArImalajI dIkSA ke ummIdavAra hokara pUjya gurudeva zrIjorAvaramalajI mahArAja kI caraNasevA meM raha rahe the. jJAna dhyAna meM mana nimajjita thA. eka dina mA~ nandU ke mastiSka meM putra kI saMsmRti gaharI ubhara AI. bhAvanA kI uthala-puthala meM putra ko patra likhA: "priya hajArI, 'Aja baiThe-baiThe mana bhara pAyA. nahIM rahA jA rahA hai. mana kI dukhana A~khoM kI bATa phUTa kara bAhara AtI hai taba apanA koI hotA hai yA jise apanA mAna liyA jAtA hai-use mana kI do bAta kaha kara duHkha se uphanatI chAtI meM sabara pAtA hai. Aja tujhe bhI kucha kahane ko mana kara AyA hai. 'bAta bhI aisI kucha nahIM hai. para besabara mana hai. isameM sahanazakti nahIM rahatI hai to yaha apane rAste calatA hai. manuSya socatA hai basa, aba kucha halakApana ho gayA--mere mana kI sthiti bhI aisI ho rahI hai. 'terA bar3A bhAI goda calA hI gayA thA. maMjhalA thA, vaha bhI usake goda jAte hI usI ke pAsa calA gayA thA. beTI thI, vaha apane ghara kI ho gaI. eka tU thA, tU bhI mujhase aba dUra jA rahA hai. khaira beTA......chAtI bhara AI to yaha likha diyA hai......! beTA, patra jaldI-jaldI de diyA kara, -nandUbAI" AAPLAINTRE HAITANYOOO TRATHORTAIN RAJARE XONY Jain Educate Varary.org
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________________ TRENERATERNMENRNER 8: muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya putra kA patra mA~ ke uttara meM : "pUjya mA~, 'tumhArI mA~ kA patra pAyA hai.' gurudeva ne kahA to mA~, sunate hI bar3A harSa huA. utAvale hAthoM gurujI se patra liyA. tumhArA patra par3hane ko mana adhIra ho uThA thA. apalaka, patra par3ha gayA. Aja uttara de rahA hU~ ! 'tuma kahatI ho, 'maiM dUra jA rahA hU~.' para mA~, saca pUcho, to maiM tumhAre nirantara nikaTa rahane kA prayatna kara rahA hUM. 'maiM dUra nahIM jA rahA hU~, nikaTa pA rahA hU~--tumane kahA thA- 'ina A~suoM meM khArApana nahIM hai--ye to mA~pana kI pahacAna hai-aura aAja likha rahI ho--'dUra jA rahA hai' 'tumhArI AMkhoM ke una do AMsuoM ke mA~pana ko maiM sadaiva yAda rakhUgA, una do aA~suoM ko maiM kabhI nahIM bisArUgA, hara nArImeM mA~pana mAnakara usameM vizva-mA~ ke darzana kiyA karUgA, aura phira tumane kahA thA--guru ko sukha pavitra sAdhanA meM milatA hai, aura 'Aja dUra jA rahA hai!'-yaha kahakara guru ke sukha meM bAdhA DAlane kA prayatna nahIM kara rahI ho? spaSTavAditA ke lie kSamA karanA" vinayAvanata, -hajArI." mA~ kA pratipatra: "ci0 hajArI, 'beTA, terA patra par3hate-par3hate aAMkheM barasa par3I thIM. eka bAta kahU~ ? gurujI ke pAsa rahakara bAteM to khUba A gaI haiM tujhe. 'spaSTavAditA ke lie kSamA karanA' kaise likha diyA. kyA bacapana ke ve dina yAda nahIM haiM ? kahane para bhI saca to kyA jhUTha-mUTha bhI kSamA yAcanA nahIM karatA thA. koI bAta ho jAtI to ? yaha bAta to maiM yoM hI kaha gaI. aba tU apanI mA~ ke mana kI bAta bhI suna le. 'beTA, bhUla jAtI haiM, putra meM aTakI-bhaTakI mA~ kI mamatA anacAhe hI bhUla karA detI hai, parantu guru ko sukha to, tU sAdhanA meM Age bar3hegA, usI se milegA--yaha satya hai ! sAdhanA karane para tujhe jo AnandAnubhava hogA, guru ko usase dviguNita Ananda prApta hogA--isameM do bAta nahIM ho sakatI.' mA~ ke AzIrvAda, -nandUbAI putra kA pratyuttara : "pUjya mA~, 'patra mila gayA thA. 'beTA, bhUla jAtI hU~. putra meM aTakI-bhaTakI mA~ kI mamatA 'anacAhe hI bhUla karA detI hai.' kyoM ! aisI bhUla kaise ho jAtI hai ? kauna-sI zakti hai jisake vazavartI hone para vaha tumase bhUla karAtI rahatI hai ! jaba taka tuma mujha meM hI putra kI kalpanA 7.:: :: . ALLAL RS. ORE = = 23 Hivarersonal use only Jain Education Intemational DATEmbalibrary.org
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________________ muni zrImizrImala 'madhukara' : jIvana vRtta : 1 karatI rahogI taba taka tumase yaha bhUla saMbhava hai. tuma kyoM nahIM socatI ho: ___ maiM hI nahIM aura bhI to haiM, beTe tere dhUla lapeTe / phira kyoM ghUma-ghUma kara terI, mamatA mujhase hI prA bheTe ! 'mA~, jaba taka tuma mujhako merI deha meM dekhatI rahogI, taba taka baTamAroM kI taraha, tumhArI prAtmA kA dhana luTatA rahegA mamatA ke hAthoM-isalie parabhAva se virata rahane meM hI merA sukha, tumhArA hita aura gurubhakti kI rakSA-surakSA hai. 'isa patra se mujhe eka alaukika sphUti milI hai, vizeSataH tumhAre isa vAkya se 'sAdhanA karane para tujhe jo prAnandAnubhava hogA usase guruko dviguNita Ananda prApta hogA.' 'mA~, tumhAre kahe para maiM amara vizvAsa lAtA hU~ ! aba maiM sAdhanA karUgA ! guru-sevA karUMgA. tumhAre kahe para citta dharUMgA. gurusevaka -hajArI" "sabako mamatA ke AdhAra priya hajArI, 'bahuta dinoM bAda patra milA. patra par3hakara mana raMjA. hajArI ke hAtha kA patra hai jAna, patra par3hA. par3hate-par3hate beTA merA vizvAsa Age bar3hA ! aura hRdaya meM uccastarIya bhAvanA ne janma liyA. kisa prakAra kI bhAvanA ne, yaha batA rahI hU~. pahale tU apane patrakA javAba par3ha le ! 'tujhe aba kyA batAU~ ki kauna-sI zakti ke vazavartI ho jAtI hU~. aura terI chavidarzana ko vikala ho uThatI hU~ ? tU to aba saba kA banane jA rahA hai. para merI mamatA beTe se aba taka miTI nahIM thI. miTatI bhI kaise ? paTTI (sleTa) ke prAMka thor3e hI the jo bacapana meM par3hate hue tU kakkA (ka) mAMDatA aura hAtha phera kara miTA detA thA aise sahasA hI miTa jAtI ? 'pAja ke tere patrase merA mA~pana dizA badala cukA hai. terI kavi-kar3I maiMne hirade kI pATI para likha lI hai. Akhira putra bur3hApe kI lAThI hotA hai. yaha purAnI kahAvata tUne sacce arthoM meM Aja caritArtha kara dI hai. vaha kavi kar3I jisane merA mana mor3A, vicAra mor3A, aura vANI bhI mor3I likha rahI hU~. mujhe ThIka se yAda huI hai yA nahIM, jA~ca karanA. maiM hI nahIM aura bhI to haiM, beTe tere dhUla lapeTe, ___ phira kyoM ghUma-ghUmakara terI, mamatA mujha se hI prA bheTe ! 'tUne ThIka hI to apanA putra dharma nibhAyA hai aura mere asahAya mana kA saMbala banA hai ! tU vizvAsa kara maiM apane Atma-dhana ko baTamAroM ke hAthoM luTane se bacAUMgI ! aba maiM dhUla lipaTe hara beTe meM terA hI pratibimba dekhUgI. tU bhI vizvamAtA ke patha para bar3ha rahA hai na ? 'apane nizcaya ko beTA, usa samaya taka sthira rakhanA jabataka tere manameM eka bhI sA~sa, raktameM eka bhI raktANu zeSa rahe. maiM bhI vizvaputra ke darzana saMsAra ke sabhI putroM meM karUgI !' Jain Edom on Private & Personal Use Only
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________________ 10 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : prathama adhyAya 'maiM idhara bahuta dinoM se yaha soca bhI rahI thI jisa parameM tIna-tIna putra jamme vaha para grAMgana eka kI kilakArI se bhI nahIM gUMja rahA hai. aise parameM rahakara maiM bhI aba kyA karUMgI? kyoM na maiM bhI jina guruNIjI ne jIvana ko jInA sikhAyA, merA pratItakAlIna zoka meTAunake caraNoM meM hI dIkSA dhAraNa kara apane beTe ke patha para calUM ? 'mere aise socane meM kyoM na? kA indra thA. mAja usa vikalpa ko tere dvArA likhI kavi-kar3I ne meTa diyA hai. beTA, tU khuza hai na ? Aja se terI mA~ bhI sabakI mA~ banane aura saba meM apane hajArI ke darzana karane kI pratijJA kara rahI hai. aura kyA, basa ! zeSa mukha ! "merI pUjya mA~, sabakI mA~ banane ko utsuka, nandU ke prAzIrvAda" 'Aja kA tumhArA patra par3ha kara merI AtmA kA kaNa-kaNa pulakita ho gayA ! mA~ mujhe tumhArA nizcaya par3hakara asIma prasannatA huI hai. tumhArA nizcaya atyanta zubha hai. aba isase tuma kabhI bhI pIche kI ora mata mur3anA ! avazya hI guruNIjI ke pAsa bhAgavatI dIkSA dhAraNa kara AtmA kA ananta prahlAda khojanA ! 'maiM Aja antima bAra tumheM merI pUjya mA~ kA sambodhana kara rahA hU~. aba tuma saba kI mAtA bananA cAhatI ho to maiM bhI, 'merI mA~' isa ghere se bAhara nikalatA hU~ / 'mA~, maiM tumhAre pavitra nizcaya se prasanna hU~. parama prasanna hU~.' vizvamAtA ke nizcayAdhIna, - hajArI, " vha
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________________ muni-jIvana hajArI kA dIkSA grahaNa : svAmIjI mahArAja ne eka dina nAgaura (marubhUmi) meM apane pUjya pratApI guruvara zrIjorAvaramalajI mahArAja ke darzana kie aura vi0 saM0 1954 jyeSTha kRSNA dazamI ko usI nAgaura nagara meM naitikAcAra ke niSThAvAn guru svAmI zrIjorAvaramalajI mahArAja ke kara-kamaloM dvArA bhAgavatI dIkSA grahaNa kI. dIkSA dhAraNa karane se pUrva mAtA ke caraNa chue. putra ne mAtA se kahA : "mAtA, maiMne 'merI mAtA' sambodhana usa patra meM antima bAra kiyA thA. Aja tumhAre antima bAra caraNa-saMsparza kara rahA hU~. Aja ke bAda maiM tumhAre caraNa kA sparza bhI nahIM karU~gA. gurudeva kA kahanA hai-'saMsAra ke samasta nArIvarga kA dIkSA ke bAda pallA bhI nahIM bheTanA hai. jinatvabhAva kI pUrNatA kA yaha prathama sopAna hai. niyama kI isa dRr3hatA ke bala para hI jinatva kA aMkura prasphuTita ho sakatA hai. ataH aba netroM se caraNa sparza anubhava kiyA karU~gA. guru kI AjJA meM jo vidhi-niSedha hote haiM ve eka vyakti ko saMlakSya karake nahIM kahe jAte. netroM se nArI ke caraNa-sparzana meM nArI kA pallA bheTane kI AvazyakatA nahIM par3atI. netroM se nArI ke caraNa sparza karane para nArI meM pavitratA aura zucitA kA bhAva avataraNa hotA hai." mAtA ne putra kI jJAna-pUrNa bAta sunI aura kahA : "beTA, tUne guru ke jJAna ko ThIka DhaMga se hRdayAMkita kiyA hai. tU svayaM hI guru caraNoM meM rahate-sahate sujJAnavAna ho gayA hai, tathApi eka mAtA putra ke lie maMgala aura unnati kI kAmanA rakhatI hai tadanusAra Aja maiM tujhe yahI antima bAra kahanA cAhatI hU~ ki maiM to jaba merI bhava-bhramaNa kI sthiti kA kAla paripAka hogA taba dIkSA dhAraNa karU~gI hI, parantu beTA, tU sAdhanA kI vaha sthAyI upalabdhi karanA jisase dobArA tujhe kisI mAtA ke udara meM janma dhAraNa na karanA par3e. aura na phira tujhe kisI mAtA kI kuMkha dukhAne kA avasara prApta karanA par3e. phira kabhI kisI mAtA ke A~sU tere mamatva meM na Dhulake !! basa merA yahI AzIrvAda terI vItarAga-patha kI vimala sAdhanA ke prati hai !" mAtA se putra kucha dUra haTA. mAtA kI A~khoM se mAtR-snehavaza A~sU chalaka par3e. vizvaputroM meM hajArI ke darzana kA saMkalpa karane vAlI mAtA kI colI gIlI ho gaI. mA~ ne kahA "dekha beTA, mahAvIra ke mArga para calate hue kahIM sAdhanA kI zveta cAdara meM kalaMka kA kAlA dhabbA na lagane pAe. isa saMyama-grahaNa ko mahAvIra kI vimala cAdara mAnanA. merI ora se basa itanA dhyAna rakha lenA ki mAtA ke zveta dUdha meM kAyaratA kA kAlA dAga na lagane pAe." bAlamuni kI bhISma pratijJA aura bhASaNa : guru se dIkSA-maMtra lene se pUrva caritanAyaka dIkSA-sthala para muniveza dhAraNa karake Ae. guru ko vidhivat vandana kiyA. kara-baddha khar3e hokara gurudeva se namra nivedana prastuta kiyA : "he paramapUjya gurudeva ! rAgadveSa kA nAza karane ke lie, dhana-jana kA moha bisArane ke lie, pApa-vRtti se nivRtti pAne ke lie-maiM ApakA ziSyatva svIkAra karanA cAhatA hU~. mujhe apanI zaraNa meM lekara kRtArtha kIjiye. ApakI kRpA kA Azraya lekara maiM isa saMsAra-sAgara se, jisameM janma-maraNa ke bhaMvara haiM, saMkaToM kI athAha salilarAzi hai--aise Adhi-vyAdhi rUpa
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________________ Qi Qi Lai Zhang Zhang Zhang Zhang Zhang Zhang Zhang Zhang Zhang Cha Qi Cha Cha Cha Cha Zi 12 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya bRhat sAgara se pAra utara jAU~gA / Apake caraNa grahaNa kara lene para mujhe janma-maraNa rUpa saMsAra kI lambAI ko dekhakara bhI bhaya nahIM rahA. anta taka munidharma kA pAlana karU~gA. ataH janma-maraNa se mukti dilAne vAle vItarAga jIvana kI dIkSA pradAna karane kA anugraha kareM." guru ne sajJAna vinayI, ziSya kI vinatI sunI. ziSyatva pradAna karane kI svIkRti dI. munizrI ne janatA kA sambodhita karate hue kahA : "upasthita AtmIyajanoM ! 'maiM aba taka gurudeva kI sevA meM rahate-sahate jJAnArjana karatA rahA. isa avadhi meM nAnA prakAra ke pralobhana dekara bAdhA kI bAr3ha khar3I karane vAle mujhe mile. parantu merI AsthA meM usase kisI prakAra kA antara nahIM AyA. guru-caraNoM meM merA acala anurAga rahA. phalasvarUpa bATa kI bAdhA merI nija kI bATa meM bAdhaka na bana sakI. aura kucha aise bhI mujhe mile jinhoMne kahA : 'hajArI, tuma itanI choTI umra meM yaha kyA sAhasa karane jA rahe ho ? aisI komala avasthA meM tuma se kaThora sAdhu-dharma kA pAlana nahIM ho sakegA. apanI caMcalatA ke kAraNa koI galatI kara baiTho isa se acchA hai phira se vicAra kara lo. samaya Ane para phira kabhI sAdhu jIvana meM praveza karanA. pahale jIvana ke upalabdha sukha-sAdhanoM kA upayoga kara lo, saMsAra kA sukha dekha lo.' / 'maiMne unheM, guru se jo jJAna sIkhA hai usake bala para uttara diyA : "bhoga-upabhoga kSaNika haiM. ve pahale madhura aura bAda meM kaTu sAbita hote haiM. nirvANa jaisA parama sukha vItarAga ke mArga meM hI hai. isalie jaise bhI ho manuSya ko nirvANa ke mArga kA jJAna prApta kara isa ora mur3a jAnA cAhie. kyoMki jIvana kA asalI uddezya vItarAgatA hI hai. mRtyu sira para Ae usase pahale hI kalyANa kA mArga apanA lenA cAhie. 'mujhe mAtA-pitA aura bhAI-bahina va anya sambandhI jana nirvANa mArga meM zRkhalA kI ber3iyoM kI taraha lagate haiM. ina saba kA sAtha mujhe aisA lagatA hai jaise pravAsa meM sAtha calate vyakti ke sAtha ye calate to avazya haiM, patha ke kaSTa bhI sAthasAtha uThA lete haiM parantu vana meM kisI prakAra ke bhaya kA kAraNa upasthita ho jAtA hai to saba apanI-apanI jAna bacAkara bhAga chUTate haiM-aise ye bhAga jAte haiM. isI prakAra ye sage saMsAra-yAtrA meM, snehavaza sukha-dukha bhogane, eka dUsare kI sahAyatA karane A jAte haiM kintu mRtyu Ane para alaga ho jAte haiM. isalie merI yaha dhAraNA bana cukI hai ki saMsAra anitya hai. saMsAra kA sukha vastujanya hai. vastu svayaM anitya hai. isa kAraNa vastujanya sukha bhI anitya hai. jo svayaM anitya hai vaha manuSya kI anantakAlIna bhUkhI AtmA ko bhojana dene meM bhI asamartha hI hai. ata: maiMne guru kI zaraNa grahaNa karanA yogya mAnA hai. "isI taraha maiMne unako samAdhAna kiyA aura merA abhilaSita divasa Aja A gayA. mAtA sahita Apa sabase antima bAra isa cole ke dvArA, mere se asuvidhA pahu~cI ho to, maiM usake liye kSamAyAcanA karatA hU~. Aja gurudeva mujhe vItarAga-pathapara calane kA gurumaMtra pradAna kareMge." gurupravara ne saMgha-sAkSI se zrIhajArImalajI ko vidhivat bhAgavatI dIkSA pradAna kI. aura isa prakAra hajArImalajI, muni hajArImalajI ho gae. upasthita zraddhAluoM meM se katipaya pramukhoM ne navadIkSita muni ko vinIta AzIrvacana kahe, jinakA bhAva isa prakAra hai : "navadIkSita muni pravara, 'Apane yaha munipada aMgIkAra kara liyA hai to hamArI Apake liye antaHkaraNa se kAmanA hai ki AtmasaMyama aura tapa ke balase isa bhavabhramaNa rUpa saMsArase pAra utariye. isa kSaNa-bhaMgura saMsAra-samudra meM se janma-maraNakI laharoM se, eka kuMkha se dUsarI kaMkha meM jAne ke kaSTa se, viyoga-vipad se--avazya mukta hoM." onahelibrary.org
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________________ muni zrImizrImala 'madhukara' : jIvana vRtta : 13 "aAdaraNIya bAla muni, 'dhanya to Apa haiM. Apane kaThina vrata aMgIkAra kiyA hai. klezarUpI gRhajIvana chor3akara, sneha-bandhana kI ber3iyoM ko tor3akara, mukta hone jA rahe haiM. sukha-dukha meM samatA aura moha-vimukta jo dharmakA svarUpa hai, use Apane dhAraNa kiyA hai. ApakI bhAvanA ke anurUpa hI hamArI AkAMkSA Apake sAtha hai." "pUjya gurudeva va bAlamuni, 'saMsAra-sukha se virakta hone vAlI AtmA hI isa saMsAra meM mahAn hai. dIkSita hone vAlA mitra ho, putra ho, pati ho, patnI ho, paricita ho yA aparicita ho--use saMsAra kI ora abhimukha karanA vastutaH usakA ahita hI socanA kahalAtA hai. hama saba kI zubhakAmanA aura bhAvanA laghumuni ke sAtha hai. ApakI saMyama-yAtrA nirvAdha ho yahI hamArI vinayapUrvaka kAmanA hai." muni-maMca se laghumuni kA bhASaNa : Neng Dai Tiao Tiao You You You You You You Lu You Dai Dai Dai Dai Dai Dai Dai munizrI, sAdhu-samUha ke madhya meM kASTha paTTa para AsIna hue. AzIrvAdAtmaka bhASaNoM ke anaMtara munizrI ne kahA : "Apa saba logoM kI zubhakAmanA merA patha Alokita kare. yaha dRr3ha vizvAsa lAtA hU~ aura pratijJA karatA hU~-"jIvana kI antima ghar3iyoM taka maiM Atma-sAkSIpUrvaka gRhIta vItarAga patha para prAmANikatApUrvaka calatA rahU~gA. ekadina jIvana kI sAMjha A jAegI para sAdhanA kA avasAna nahIM Ane dUMgA." dIkSA samAroha kA sAnanda ullAsamaya vAtAvaraNa meM samApana huA. guru, sAdhu-jIvanake parama kAmya kI sAdhanA meM nirata the. ziSya ko usa rasa kI anubhUti karAI. sAtha liyA aura grAmAnugrAma vicaraNa karane lage. ziSya kI jJAna-tvarA : jainAgamoM meM suyogya ziSya kA lakSaNa batAte hue kahA hai--guru kA priya ziSya vaha hai jo vinayI, ArAdhaka, jijJAsu aura guru ke saMketa-sUtroM kA cintana kara apane jIvana ko unakI vyAkhyAmaya banA letA hai. munizrI ne vinaya ko jIvana kA mUla maMtra, guru-AjJA ko dharma kI AdhArazilA, jijJAsA ko saMyama kI bAtI aura guru ke saMketa sUtroM meM apanA sArA cintana kendrita kiyA. unhoMne jyoM-jyoM guru kI sevA kI tyoM-tyoM unameM jJAna kI jyoti kA prakAza vistAra pAne lagA. adhyayana-krama: gurudeva ke nirdezana va patha-pradarzana meM munizrI ne jainAgamoM kA adhyayana prAraMbha kiyA. prAcIna zikSA paddhati ke anusAra usa yuga meM thokar3e sIkhanA muni ke liye ati Avazyaka mAnA jAtA thA. thokar3e eka prakAra se gaNita ke guru ke sadRza hote haiM. guroM kA jJAna ho jAne para jo gaNitAMkana, Aja ke gaNitapAThI ghaMToM peMlisa kAgaja lekara bhI nahIM kara pAte, vaha kucha hI paloM meM kara liyA jAtA hai. lakSaNa-graMthoM ko jihvAgra karane vAle bhI jisa jJAna kI atalatA prApta karane meM cakkara khAne lagate haiM, usa atala gaharAI meM thokar3oM kI jJAna-prApta paddhati saralatA se pahu~cA detI hai. to unhoMne bahusaMkhyaka thokar3e sIkhe. prAkRtabhASA ke jainazAstra kaMThAgra kie. zukapAThavat raTe hI nahIM apitu una para gaMbhIra cintana ke sAtha maMthana bhI kiyaa| guru se zaMkAoM, samasyAoM aura praznoM kA samAdhAna maaNgaa| guru ne bhI unake prANavAna praznoM kA khuzI-khuzI tarka saMgata samAdhAna diyA. guru ko yogya ziSya milA. ziSya ko jJAnI guru mile. ziSya ke tArkika prazna samAdhistha hue. guru ko moda milA. isa taraha ve niraMtara jJAna-prApti kI dizA meM Age bar3hate rahe. siddhAnta candrikA vyAkaraNa kA vidhivat adhyayana kara zabdoM ke udgama kA patA lagAyA. eka dina unhoMne gurudeva se nivedana - lApUra HEA Jain Educa Jamendrary.org
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________________ Jain Ey 333333333306305 30 30 30 30 30 30 300 305 14 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : prathama adhyAya kiyA. 'merI AkAMkSA hai ki prAkRta vyAkaraNa kA bhI adhyayana karU~. hamArA samasta jaina Agama tathA vipula vyAkhyAgraMtha cUrNiyA~ Adi prAkRta bhASA meM aMkita haiM. ataH mujhe prAkRta vyAkaraNa ke adhyayana kI anumati kA anugraha pradAna kareM. gurudeva ne sarasvatIputra AcArya hemacandra ke prAkRta vyAkaraNa ke adhyayana kI vyavasthA kI. prAkRta vyAkaraNa ke adhyayana kI jijJAsA ziSya kI svayaM utpanna jijJAsA thI ataH guru kI suvyavasthA prApta hote hI ziSyane svalpa samaya meM prAkRta vyAkaraNa para sAMgopAMga adhikAra prApta kara liyA. saMskRta aura prAkRta kA adhyayana kara cukane para unakA mana prAMtIya bhASAoM kI ora svAbhAvataH hI DhalA. prAMtIya bhASAoM- gujarAtI, braja aura rAjasthAnI kA jJAna ghUmate va pada vihAra karate hue jana-sAdhAraNa se naitikatA evaM sadAcAra sambandhI vArtAlApa karate-karate kiyA thA. ina bhASAoM kA vyAkaraNa unhoMne nahIM par3hA thA ataH prAMtIya bhASAoM ke unake jJAna ko hama prAMtIya boliyoM kA jJAna kaha sakate haiM. rAjasthAnI bhASA to unakI apanI mAtRbhASA hI thI parantu rAjasthAna kI rAjasthAnI bhASA bhI mevAr3I, jayapurI, alavarI, mevAtI, DhUMDhArI, bIkAnerI, bAr3amerI va sAMcora jAlorI Adi ke sImAgata Tukar3oM meM ba~TI huI hai ata: unhoMne rAjasthAna kI bhinna Tukar3iyoM kI bhASA ke zabdoccAraNa evaM lahajoM (TyUna) para dhyAna dekara rAjasthAnI bhASA kA jJAna puSTa kiyA. 'prAMtoM dezoM aura anya rASTroM kI bhASA kA jJAna prApta karanA bhI sarasvatI ke jJAna bhaMDAra kA aMza hai, isa satya para vizvAsa lAkara AMgla aura baMgAlI bhASA kA bhI jJAna prApta kiyA kintu bahubhASAvijJa hone kA dAvA unhoMne nahIM kiyA- apane jIvana meM, kabhI '. gauravazAlI nAgaura-nagara : nagInA, nAgapura, nAgasara, ahIpura Adi vibhinna nAmoM se nAgaura ko atIta meM abhihita kiyA jAtA rahA hai. nAgaura aneka dRSTise apanI viziSTatA rakhatA hai. jainayatiyoM ne vipula mAtrA meM nAgaura ke sambandhameM padya racanAe~ kI haiM. nAgaura nArI saundaryake kAraNa to prasiddha rahA hI hai parantu usakA rAjasthAna kI rAjanIti aura sAMskRtika dRSTi se apanA viziSTa mUlya - mahatva hai. isI nAgaura nagara ke liye yaha kitanA gaurava kA viSaya hai ki svAmIjI mahArAja ko prathama guru-darzana kA lAbha, bhAgavatI dIkSA aura dIkSAnantara prathama varSAvAsa kA susaMyoga bhI nAgaura meM hI huA. isa prakAra nAgaura nagara nivAsiyoM ko tIna-tIna suyogoM kA sumela prApta huA. eka hI nagara meM tIna saMyoga bane. parantu isase bhI camatkArapUrNa eka tathya aura jur3anevAlA thA. saM0 2018 kA varSAvAsa kucerA ( rAjasthAna) meM bitA kara munizrI nepunaH padayAtrA prArambha kI to nAgaura (rAjasthAna) kA sthAnakavAsI jaina zrAvaka saMgha bahuta adhika utsAha lekara munizrI kI sevA meM AyA, isa bhAvanA se ki svAmIjI kA isa bAra kA varSAvAsa hamAre nagara meM hI ho. tapodhana munirAja zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja ne kahA : "kAyA ne sAtha diyA to ( sukhe samAdhe saM0 2016 kA caumAsA nAgaura karane ke bhAva haiM ) isa bAra kA varSAvAsa Apake nagara meM karU~gA. kAyA ne agara sAtha diyA to, unake isa anizcayAtmaka vAkya meM zAyada unakI mATI kI kAyA kA aMta honA garbhita thA. ve nAgaura na jA sake. ( cAMdAvatoM kA naukhA : rAjasthAna ) nAmaka laghugrAma meM apane donoM gurubhAiyoM ke samakSa hI caitrakRSNA dazamI saM0 2018 kI kAlI rAtri meM 1. jainamuni kA jIvana, prabala saMyama sAdhanA ke sAtha-sAtha usakA apanA upadeSTA kA bhI rUpa hotA hai. apane jIvana ke anubhava, zAstrIyajJAna ke prakAza meM use aisI janatA ke samakSa rakhane par3ate haiM jo saMskRta aura prAkRta jaisI vidvad-bhogya bhASA se abhijJa rahane ke kAraNa dezya, bhASAoM kI bodhagamya zailI meM upasthita karane par3ate haiM. jaina muniyoM kI aupadezika paddhati kevala pAMDitya-pradarzana taka hI sImita nahIM rahatI, janopakAra kI dRSTi se unakA kAmya hotA hai-darzana kI mahAntama gutthI saralatama zabdoM meM, tatvajJAna ke siddhAnta sIdhI-sAdI bhASA meM, janatA jAne samajhe aura sadAcAra kI ora adhika se adhika pragativAna hoM. 2. svAmI zrI brajalAlajI ma0 va madhukara muni / www.elibrary.org
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________________ muni zrI mizrImala 'madhukara' jIvana-vRtta : 15 paMca mahAvratoM (paMcayAma) meM jJAtAjJAta bhAva se lage doSoM kA zuddhIkaraNa kiyA. navIna vratoM kA mUlArohaNa kara 10-10 para bUr3hI deha meM muni hajArImalajI ke nAma se vidyamAna AtmA adRzya ho gaI ! ThIka ve cale gae aura apane gurubhAI yugala ko saMyama kA, samatA kA, dharmadRr3hatA kA aura vizvavAtsalya kA kabhI nahIM chInA jAnevAlA amUrta Atma dhana sauMpa gae. caritra nAyaka ke tIna mahatvapUrNa yoga nAgaura meM bane ise nAgaura kA gaurava kahanA cAhie. isa gaurava garimA-mahimA se pUrva ke susaMyogoM ko dekhakara kahanA cAhie nAgaura meM isa prakAra ke saMyogoM kI paramparA-sI calatI AI hai. yathA1. pratyeka dharma va sampradAya meM AcArya, sadAcAra kA gaurIzaMkara aura preraNA kA srota mAnA jAtA hai, usakA kisI bhI nagara meM pahuMcanA parama saubhAgya kA sUcaka hotA hai / pUjya munizrI ke dIkSA prasaMga para AcArya zrIjayamallajI mahArAja kI paramparA ke jyeSTha AcArya zrIkasturacaMdajI mahArAja bhI usa samaya vahA~ padhAre the. nAgaura - nagara kI gauravazAlI paramparA : MURDER MARDANA 2 pUjya pravara zrIjorAvaramalajI mahArAja ke gurudeva zrI phakIracandajI mahArAja ne svAmI zrIbuddhamalajI mahArAja ke kara-kamaloM dvArA isI nAgaura nagarameM dIkSA grahaNa kI thI. 3. kaise vidhisaMyoga banate jA rahe haiM. zrI phakIracandajI mahArAja ne apane ziSya jorAvaramalajI ko saM0 1644 kI akSaya tRtIyA ke aitihAsika divasa para nAgaura meM hI dIkSA pradAna kI to bAta kitanI svAbhAvika rIti se bana rahI hai. svAmIjI budhamalajI ne zrIphakIracandajI mahArAja ko, aura svAmI phakIracaMdajI ne jorAvaramalajI ko, zrIjorAvaramalajI ne muni zrI hajArImalajI ko nAgaura meM dIkSA pradAna kI. 4. isase bhI adhika mahatvamaMDita satya yaha hai ki AcArya zrIjayamallajI mahArAja ne sthiravAsa ke rUpameM rahanA bhI nAgaura meM svIkAra kiyA aura ve 13 varSa taka mahAsthavira ke sambodhanapUrvaka sthira rahe. saM0 1853 kI vaizAkha zuklA caturdazI kI dUdha-sI cA~danI meM unakI taponiSTha kAyA bhI nAgaura nagara kI bhUrI miTTI meM vilupta huI ! svAmIjI mahArAja ne sthAnakavAsI sampradAya kI jisa zAkhA meM saMyamazIla jIvana vyatIta kiyA, usa sampradAya kA nAma 'AcArya zrIjayamallajI ma0 kA sampradAya' hai. jisake nAma se sampradAya kA nAmakaraNa hai usakA Adi puruSa nAgaura meM svargastha huA. isa taraha nAgaura 'jaya gaccha' meM prArambha se hI jur3A huA hai. kahanA cAhie nAgaura jayagaccha ke zubha yogoM kI paramparAkA jayastambha yA yazaH stambha hai ! nAgaura nagara kitanA gauravazAlI rahA hai. Aja bhI nAgaura ke sthAnakavAsI jainabandhu AcArya zrIjayamallajI mahArAjake gaurava garimAyukta jIvanakA pAvana smaraNa karate haiM aura apane ko dhanya dhanya anubhava karate haiM. 16 30 30 30 30 300 300 300 300 300 30 30 30 30 30 30 23030030300
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________________ jIvana-prasaMga aura anya pakSa jIvana kI kalA kalA, kalA ke lie yA kalA jIvana ke lie ? isa pacar3e meM ve kabhI nahIM par3e. Adarzonmukha kalA unake jIvana kA bIjamaMtra thI. jIvana kisa prakAra jIyA jAya yA jIvana ko sundara rIti se kisa prakAra vyatIta kiyA jAya-isakI kalA kyA hai ? isa gutthI para apanA sarala, vimala va nizcita vizvAsa prakaTa karate hue kabhI-kabhI ve kahate the: "vicAra pUrvaka jIne vAlA pratyeka vyakti, jIvana kA eka Adarza, jIvana kI eka kalA ko lekara jItA hai. usakI dRSTi meM kalArahita aura Adarza vihIna jIvana, jIvana nahIM hotA, Adarza rahita vyakti bhUlatA hai, patha se bhaTaka jAtA hai. usake jIvana meM kabhI-kabhI Adarza ke abhAva meM aisI ghar3I bhI A sakatI hai jabaki vaha apane astitva ko bhI bisAra detA hai. 'maiM kauna hU~ ? kisa liye yahA~ AyA hU~ ? merA gantavya kyA hai ? merA kartavya kyA hai ?-AtmA ke isa aMtarnAda ko bhI vaha nahIM suna pAtA hai. kalArahita manuSya karma karate hue usameM ekAgra nahIM ho pAtA. isake abhAvameM use karma se AnandAnubhava bhI nahIM hotA !" svAmIjI mahArAja ne 11 varSa kI phUla-sI sukomala avasthA meM hI jIvana kA Adarza sthApita kara liyA thA. usI Adarza para jIvana kI aMtima sA~seM kharca karate samaya taka ve avirAma calate-bar3hate rahe. unakA jJAna zuSka jJAna na thA. unakA Adarza paMkhavihIna na thaa| ve jIvana kI Avazyaka mAMga aura bhUkha se bhAgane meM bhI vizvAsa nahIM karate the. vizvAsa eka hI bAta para karate the, "ghUme mana, para gumarAha na ho." aura "pApa na mana meM A pAe." ve mAnate the ki samAja meM rahakara palakeM banda karake yoga-sAdhanA kA nATaka nahIM khelA jA sakatA hai. hameM samAja ko apanI dRSTi se ojhala nahIM karanA hogA. eka jaina bhakta kavi kI jIvana-vyavasthA aura jIvana-kalA ke anusAra "aMtara ghaTa nyArA rahe, jUM dhAya khilAve bAla." ke ve jIvanta udAharaNa hI the. unakI jIvana-sAdhanA kA Adarza aura kalA kA sAra--'AtmabhAva ke atirikta saMsAra ke samasta parabhAva se vimukta ho jAnA hI parama kAmya aura saMlakSya hai. unake isa prakAra ke ni:spRha jIvana ke prati janatA meM AkarSaNa kA kAraNa yaha thA ki jo bhI eka bAragI unake paricaya meM A gayA, unake mana meM unake prati zraddhA sadA-sadA ke lie sthira ho gaI. aura unameM jinakI bhI eka bAra zraddhA utpanna huI vaha sadA-sadA ko mUrtimAna ho gaI. HAMARI Monedira SuTRA DI OMDIH STATE Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use on library org
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________________ muni zrImizrImala 'madhukara' : jIvana-vRtta : 17 PRATEER1982STRE nAma kI kSudhA se parimukta : gosvAmI tulasIdAsa ne, mAnavamana kI durbalatA kA kitanA sundara sajIva vyaktI karaNa kiyA thA : ___ 'kaMcana tajibo sahaja hai, sahaja triyA ko neha, mAna bar3AI IrSA, tulasI durlabha eha !' manuSya ghara se, parijanoM ke dara se, apane tana se, rAga kI kendra-bindu nArI se, dhana se aura saundaryAdhAra kaJcana se sambandha viccheda kara sakatA hai, inase mamatva meTa sakatA hai, parantu yaza, sammAna aura pratiSThA se mamatva nahIM tor3a sakatA. ise jaina paribhASA meM 'eSaNA' kahA jAtA hai. isakA ghanatva prAyaH munisUcaka paridhAna pahanane para aura bhI ghanIbhUta ho jAtA hai parantu svAmIjI mahArAja isake spaSTata: apavAda the. isakI abhivyakti yaha lekhanI hI nahIM kara rahI hai, pUrA jaina samAja hI, unheM isI rUpameM pahacAnatA thA, jAnatA hai. unakA mana, maMgala AcaraNa, sAdhanA, bhAvanA sabhI kucha to sundara thA. phira bhI vizvAsa kiyA jAtA hai ki unakA sarvopari eka guNa thA. usameM unake sampUrNa santocita guNa gabhita ho jAte haiM. vaha yaha ki mahAmanA muni zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja ne apane Apako sadaiva sImita rakhA thA. karma karane meM unakA vizvAsa thA. usakA prakaTIkaraNa unheM iSTa na thA. japa karanA, tapa karanA, pravacana karanA, lokopakAra ke anya anekavidha karma karanA ye saba unakI AtmA ke saragama the. para ina saba kA hRdaya thA-'inakA prakaTa na honA.' unake yoganiSTha mana ko Atma-prakAzana kataI pasanda na thA. ve apane aMtarmana ke amara vizvAsa ko sakSama kalAkAra ke ina zabdoM meM prakaTa karate the kevala yaza se karma nahIM nApA jAtA hai. merA mana to eka mApa kA hI jJAtA hai, kauna koSa saMskRti kA kitanA bhara pAtA hai, sAgara-tala ke sadRza karma ke prati AsthA hai ! phala kI icchA taTa para rotI huI lahara hai, hAra-jIta to nazvara kevala karma amara haiM ! saca yaha ki unheM nAma kI kabhI bhUkha paidA hI nahIM huI thI. yaha kevala bAta hI bAta nahIM hai. jaba bhI unheM yaha patA lagatA-'merA nAma pracArita ho rahA hai, loga mujhe jAna rahe haiM, to ve tatkAla usa nagara yA grAma ko chor3akara agale grAma yA nagara meM cala diyA karate the. unakI isa vRtti se lagatA hai ki ve mana ke bhI pUrNa sAdhu the. ve jo kucha karate yA karanA cAhate the, vaha saba kucha 'svAMtaHsukhAya' hI karate the. isa prakAra ve paricaya, pradarzana aura pracAra ke sabhI avasaroM se dUra rahA karate the. unake hRdayakamala kI kisI bhI puSpapaMkhurI para yaha kAmanA praveza nahIM kara pAI thI ki 'loga mujhe jAneM ! merA nAma ho !! merI khyAti ho !!!' tor3a calo caTTAna, kagAroM ko bhI Dhahane do yahIM mata rahane do !! zvAsoM para vizvAsa calA hai, karmoM para itihAsa calA hai, chAyA para zrAbhAsa calA hai, saMyama para saMnyAsa calA hai, suno pukAra lakSya kI, jaga jo kahatA kahane do yahIM mata rahane do !! kavi apanI kama, jaga kI adhika kahatA hai. isalie vaha samAja kA pratinidhi hai. 'saMnyAsa kI saphalatA gopana meM hai. isake abhAva meM saMyama sadhatA nahIM. saMyama ke abhAva meM saMnyAsa mara jAtA hai. AtmA vilupta ho jAtI hai. zarIra raha jAtA hai. svAmIjI mahArAja ke inhIM vicAroM meM se do prakAzadIpa prajvalita hue the. eka dina unhoMne kahA thA LAALI Wwww karaNAowww wwwwww 10101010101010 /ilolololol ololololololol Jain Efucation Intera
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________________ 18: muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya NEHENNMMEMEWANANENEWWXXNX 1. "yaza aura khyAti kI kAmanA saMnyAsa-sAdhanA kI rAkha hai|" 2. "kIrti-kAmanA sAdhanA ko kaluSita kara detI hai." inhIM do dIpAdhAroM se unakA aMtara-bAhya Alokita thA. khyAti yA prasiddhi kI bhAvanA AdhyAtmika jIvana ke divAliyepana kA pramANa hai. vaha bahirAtmavRtti kI sUcaka hai. jisake hRdaya meM kIrti-kAmanA jAgRta rahatI hai, usakA japa-tapa, dhyAna-mauna sabhI kucha anAtmasparzI, prANavihIna aura nisteja hotA hai. adhyAtma-jagat meM usakA kucha bhI mUlya nahIM hai. isIlie zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA : no iha logaTTayAe tavamahiTijjA, no paralogaTTayAe tavamahiTThijjA, no kitti-vaNNa-sadda-silogaTTayAe tavamahiTijjA, nanastha nijjaraTTayAe tavamahiTijjA ! dazavakAlika Agama kA yaha vAkya svAmIjI kI jIvana-nIti kA spaSTa mudrAMkana thA. ataeva nAma, pracAra, paricaya, khyAti se jIvana paryaMta unhoMne apane Apako bacAe rakhA. yaha tathya unake utkRSTa santa hone kA eka prabala pramANa hai. sAdhutA kA satya : svAmIjI ma. hRdaya ke santa the. phakkar3a sAdhuoM-se kaThora zabdoM kA prayoga karake vANI se sAdhutA unhoMne kabhI nahIM jatAI. phakkar3a sAdhuoM ke samAna pASANa sphoTaka zabda bolakara apane Apako nispRha pramANita karane kA bhI unhoMne kabhI prayAsa nahIM kiyA aura jar3a kriyA-kAMDa ke pradarzana dvArA unhoMne apanI sAdhutA ko nIlAmI ke dAva para bhI kabhI nahIM lagane diyA thA. sampradAyavAda kI kilebandI meM rahanevAloM ke sAmane yaha samasyA vikaTa hI rahatI hai ki anya sampradAya ke sAdhuoM ke sAtha kyA, kitanA aura kaise sambaMdha rakhe ? svAmIjI ma0 kA phUla-sA komala mana, saba sampradAyoM ke sAdhuoM ke prati vinamra thA. yahI kAraNa hai ki jainoM ke lagabhaga sabhI sampradAyoM ke sAdhu-jinhoMne unake kisalayavat mana kA madhura pyAra pAyA thA- hRdaya se unake sAdhu svabhAva ke prati pUrNa rUpa se samarpita the. janetara sampradAyoM ke bhI bahuta-se bhikSu, jo unake samparka meM Aye, unheM Aja bhI smaraNa karate haiM ve unake sumadhura aura utpreraka saMsmaraNa sunAte haiM, to bhAvAtireka se unakI palakeM bhIga jAtI haiM. pUjya svAmIjI ke sahajAcAra se AkarSita hokara jainAjaina sampradAyoM ke bahuta se sAdhu unakI sevA meM rahane ke liye Ae....unake pAsa, taba bhI unakA santa-mana celoM kI saMkhyA vRddhi ke moha meM nahIM lalacAyA thA. Agata bhikSu ko ve apane pAsa rakhate the. neha se samajhAte-bujhAte. guru-bhakti kA mahattva batAkara puna: usake guru ke pAsa bheja dete the. mUrtipUjaka zvetAmbara aura sthAnakavAsI sampradAya ke anyAnya upasaMpradAyoM ke sAdhu unake pAsa guruoM se vicArabheda hone ke kAraNa ziSyatva grahaNa karane Aye the. isa prakAra AnevAle sAdhuoM kI kAphI bar3I saMkhyA hai. yaha thA unakA nispRhabhAva ! sAdhutA kA satyAMkana !! camatkAra ho to zraddhA kyoM na ho ? vyakti ke pAsa zraddhA hai kintu bahudhA vicitra prakAra kI sAdhutA dekha vaha kuNThAgrasta ho jAtA hai. usake pAsa vicAra karane ke lie mastiSka hai. vaha socA karatA hai-maiM apanI zraddhA aura AsthA ko kahA~ kendrita karU~ ? saMsAra ke samasta sambaMdha lena aura dena kI AdhAratulA para tulakara sthApita hote haiM / saMta hI eka aisA AdhAra hai jise vaha 'apanI ArAdhanA, sAdhanA va bhakti kA merudaNDa mAna sakatA hai kyoM ki usakA Adarza lena aura dena kI tulA se abhimukta hai. santa hI mAtra pAralaukika dizA kA niHsvArtha bodha pradAna karatA hai. vaha niHsvArtha hone ke kAraNa kalaha, kAma aura dveSa Jain Educators __wywsLiaineltyrary.org
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________________ muni zrImizrImala 'madhukara' : jIvana-vRtta : 16 Ran Zi Cha Cha Cha Cha Ye Shen Mou Sha Sha Sha Sha Sha Sha Nuo Cai Qi se paripUrita mAnava ko mukti kA vimala saMdeza de sakatA hai. vaha apanI adhyAtmavidyA ke bala se usake dila kI gA~The khola sakatA hai. isalie janamAnasa usa ora atIta kAla se Aja taka jhukA hai, jhukatA AyA hai. cAhie usake zraddhAzIla mAnasa ko jhukAnevAlA. manuSya kA mana-mastiSka vahIM jhukatA hai jahA~ use alaukikatA dIkhatI hai. 'camatkAra ko namaskAra' jaisI lokamAnasa meM tairatI-ubharatI bhAvanA isIlie calatI A rahI hai. svAmIjI zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja meM kucha isI prakAra kA camatkAra vidyamAna thA. yahI kAraNa hai ki ve jahA~ bhI varSAvAsa bitAyA karate the, vahA~ kA vAtAvaraNa atyaMta zAnta aura premayukta rahatA thA. vahA~ eka vicitra prakAra kI divyatA, bhavyatA aura pAvanatA-sI parivyApta ho jAtI thI. unake varSAvAsa kAla meM janatA kA dharmabhAva mUrtimAn aura sphUrta ho uThatA thA. varSARtu meM prakRti barasa kara tapta bhUmi ko zItalatA pradAna karatI hai| svAmIjI ma0 ke bhadrabhAva, niSpakSa vyavahAra, prazAnta mukhamudrA, aura vimala mana ko dekhakara-dveSa, kleza va dvandva se ghuTatI uphanatI umar3atI sulagatI logoM kI hRdaya-bhUmi svata: zAnta ho jAyA karatI thI. varSoM se calI A rahI dveSa kI lambI paraMparA kI lauhazRkhalA, unake samabhAvoM se kahe vacanoM kI coTa se TUTa jAyA karatI thI. munizrI ne jahA~-jahA~ bhI varSAvAsa kiyA, vahA~-vahA~ sarvatra akhaNDa zAnti rahI ! sabhI sampradAyoM aura vargoM ke logoM kA, unake pravacanoM ke pIyUSa se sAmpradAyikatA kA garala vinaSTa ho jAyA karatA thA. una kA udAra vyavahAra, dhArmika unmAda ko panapane hI nahIM detA thA. bhagavAn mahAvIra kI dharmasabhA meM janmajAta prANI bhI apanA vaira-bhAva bhUlakara nirvaira ho jAte the, isI prakAra svAmIjI ke sAMnidhya meM bhI loga apane vaimanasya evaM vaira-virodha ko vismRta kara dete the. unakA mana va hRdaya, zAnta sarovara ke samAna hI parizAnta aura vizAla thA. unake hRdaya-sarovara meM prathama to kisI vyakti ko kaMkarI DAlane kA asat vicAra hI utpanna nahIM hotA thA, agara koI kaMkarI nikSepa kara bhI detA thA, to vahA~ caMcalatA kI UrmiyA~ uThatI ubharatI phailatI aura Age bar3hatI huI dRSTigata nahIM hotI thIM. jahA~-jahA~ bhI unhoMne varSAvAsa kiyA, vahA~-vahA~ unheM sabane apanA kahakara hI pukArA thA. eka santa kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA yahI hotI hai ki use janatA sAmpradAyika bheda-bhAva bhulAkara kitanI zraddhA arpita karatI hai ! kitanA cAhatI hai !! unake hRdaya kA prema, bAla, yuvA, vRddha, bAlA, vRddhA Adi sabake prati samAna thA. hRdaya-dvAra sabake lie anAvRta thA. vahA~ jAti, sampradAya, prAMta aura pradeza ke vyakti ko lekara kisI bhI prakAra kI bheda-bhAvamUlaka samasyA unake mana meM nahIM thI. lagatA hai unake reze-reze-meM, puSpa meM sugandha, dugdha meM dhavalatA aura agni meM USmA samAI rahatI hai-aise hI samA gayA thA unameM saMtatva ! samatva !! aura nirmamatva sabake prati !!! isa taraha ve sabako cAhate the, saba unako cAhate the. ve sabake bana jAte the aura saba unake apane bana jAyA karate the. santa meM santAnukula AcaraNa ho to janatA kA namana bhAva aura zraddhA kyoM na prApta ho. uccatama sAtvika jIvana-vyavahAra hI vaha camatkAra hai jo janamAnasa ko svataH natamastaka kara detA hai. isa prakAra jIvana meM sAtvikatA Ane para janasamAja hRdaya kI samasta zraddhA arpita karane ko pratipala utsuka aura prastuta rahatA hai ! jIvana yoM banate haiM: jIvana kaise bane ? yaha prazna mahattvapUrNa hai. adhyayanakAla samApta hote-hote hI unake mastiSka meM yaha prazna ubhara AyA thA. purAnI pIr3hI kA jIvana vyaktizaH prayatna karane para banAyA jA sakatA hai. parantu prazna kA yaha buniyAdI aura vyApaka hala nahIM hai. naI pIr3hIkA jIvana bane yaha adhika spRhaNIya hai. yaha unhoMne mana meM taya kara liyA thA / ve vyaktiza: AtmasAdhanA meM juTe rahe, kSaNika utsAha meM Akara ve koI kArya nahIM karate the. bahutoM ke pIche yaha lebila cipakA rahatA hai: 'inhoMne itanI saMsthAoM ko janma diyA hai, inake kAryoM kA lekhA lambA hai. Adi.' UNCCU Jain Louicial Tww.jainelibrary.org
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________________ KKENKERNMMMMMENNNNNNNN 20 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya svAmIjI socA karate the: 'hara sAla jaise baccA paidA karane vAlI strI saMtAna kI phauja to khar3I kara detI hai, parantu kisa meM zakti kA saMcAra ho rahA hai, kauna yogya bana rahA hai-isa ora vaha bahuta kama jAtI hai, ataH saMtAna kI phauja khar3I karane se koI lAbha nahIM, jaba taka saMtAna kI samucita yugAnukUla zikSA-dIkSA kI evaM saMpoSaNa kI suvyavasthA na kI jAe. aisI avasthA meM vaha phauja hI use nocanA zurU kara degI. phalasvarUpa tana aura mana donoM hI kI zAnti bhaMga ho jAyagI. bahuta-sI saMsthAoM kA janma bhI aisA hI alpa-sthAyI hotA hai.. svAmIjI ma. jo kahate, vahI samaya Ane para karate the. para jo karate usakI nIMva atyanta gaharI rakhate the. kisI kI dekhA-dekhI eka kadama bhI yahA~ se vahA~ rakhanA unheM iSTa na thA. svAmIjI ma. nUtana pIr3hI ko suzikSA ke sAtha-sAtha susaMskAra dene ke prabala samarthaka the zikSA ke sAtha yadi saMskAra na AyA to zikSA ko ve truTipUrNa mAnate the. sAmUhika rUpa meM susaMskAra pradAna karane kI yojanA tabhI saphala ho sakatI hai jaba bAlakoM ko dharmamaya vAtAvaraNa meM rahane kA avasara diyA jAya. isa hetu svAmIjI ne mer3atA meM prabhAvazAlI pravacana kie. bAta logoM ke gale utarI. mer3atA saMgha ne samaya Ane para bhakti-sAdhikA mIrAbAI kI janmabhUmi mer3atA meM apane Adi guru (jinake nAma se sampradAya kA nAmakaraNa huA) ko saMsmRti ko sthAyitva pradAna karane kI dRSTi se 'AcArya jayamala jaina chAtrAvAsa' kI sthApanA kA nizcaya kiyA. jAgaraNa AyA. chAtrAvAsa sthApita huA. Aja bhI usa chAtrAvAsa meM vidyArthI apane bhAvI jIvana kA nirmANa jaina saMskAroM meM jIkara karate haiM. jinake nAmapara chAtrAvAsa kA nAmakaraNa huA hai, ve pUjya puruSa eka jaina meM jina-jina vizeSatAoM ke darzana kiyA karate the. ve saba bAteM chAtrAvAsIya baccoM ke jIvana-vyavahAra, rahana-sahana, bolacAla Adi se pratibimbita hoM--aisA prayatna jArI hai. saMsthA apane Adarza kI ora abhimukha hotI huI Aja bhI sundara paddhati se cala rahI hai. hRdaya-parivartana : dyUta-karma bhArata meM prAcInakAla se pracalita rahA hai. cUta-karma kI avahelanA bhI tabhI se santoM, mahAtmAoM aura RSiyoM, muniyoM va dharma graMthoM ke dvArA hotI A rahI hai. dyUta karma manuSya kI binA zrama ke dhanopArjana karane kI AlasyapUrNa manovRtti kA sUcaka hai. atIta kI ora udgrIva hokara dekhie. satI draupadI kA duryodhana dvArA puruSa-samUha meM cIra-haraNa kA ghRNita kArya juve kA hI kuphala thA. rAjA nala ke lie eka samaya aisA thA ki vaha apanI saMginI ko eka pala bhI A~khoM se ojhala nahIM kara sakatA thA. isa karmakA caskA aisA par3A ki vaha cAroM ora se nirAza ho gayA aura usa sthiti taka pahu~ca gayA jahA~ use apanI jIvana-saMginI ko nissahAya aura nirAdhAra avasthA meM sunasAna jaMgala meM chor3a denA par3A. eka kavi ne dyUta karma meM pha~se manuSya kI manovRtti kA kitanA sundara citraNa kiyA hai ! nA murIda isa khela ko jIta bhalI na hAra, jIte to caskA par3e hAre leta udhAra / isIliye jainAcAra kI prAthamika bhUmikA prApta karane ke lie jainAcAryoM ne sAta kuvyasanoM kA parityAga karanA anivArya mAnA hai. sAta durvyasanoM kA svarUpa pratipAdita karate hue sarvaprathama dyUta-karma parityAga kA upadeza diyA. svAmI zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja ke jIvana meM eka juvArI se vArtAlApa kA prasaMga kisa prakAra eka juvArI ke jIvana meM eka nayA mor3a lAtA hai aura usake jIvana kI kisa prakAra dazA badala jAtI hai, isakA udAharaNa unase hue eka kathopakathana se jAnA jA sakatA hai. vaha kathopakathana nimna prakAra hai : eka javA khelane kA abhyAsI unake pAsa AyA / kahane lagA: "mahArAja, maiM jindagI se nirAza ho cukA hU~." "kyoM, nirAza kaise ho gae ?" / com GOOD .... .... .OOO 6.00 Jain Educ ......... ................................000000000000000000000000 MosirsaRABHIARINEETA 0 0 magimentorary.org
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________________ muni zrImizrImala 'madhukara' : jIvana-vRtta : 21 "mahArAja, jo pUjI pAsa meM thI, vaha maiM Asa-Asa meM juve ke dAva para lagAtA rahA. isa taraha saba kucha kho diyA. aba sthiti yaha hai ki kabhI-kabhI anna ke dAne bhI peTa ke lie nasIba nahIM hote haiM. jJAna-bojhila aura zuSka jJAnI aise prasaMgoM ke lie kaha diyA karate haiM ki kisakA kAma kaise calatA hai, kisako do jUna roTI milatI hai aura kisako eka jUna, isase hameM kyA ? ye to apanI-apanI janma-patrIke bhoga haiM. inheM rokara bhogo to aura ha~sakara bhogo to-bhogane to hoMge hI' ! parantu aise prasaMgoM para bhI munizrI kA vyakti ke prati eka viziSTa prakAra kA vyavahAra va atyanta sahAnubhUtipUrNa dRSTi-koNa hotA thA. jo unakI dayArdratA kA paricAyaka thA. ve kahA karate theH "manuSya jaba sanmArga se unmArga kI ora abhimukha ho aura abhimukha ho cukane para bhI, jaba vaha pazcAttApa kI ghar3I meM barata rahA ho---usa samaya use jIvana kA satya dikhA dene kA svarNAvasara hotA hai / " . usa dhana hAre juvArI ko unhoMne AtmIyatApUrNa bhAva se kahAH "dhana hAra gaye to kyA huA, aba usa patha ko taja do. dUsarA vicArapUrNa patha aMgIkAra karo. hAra aura jIta to jIvana meM lagI hI rahatI hai. sampUrNa jIvana hI eka vyApAra hai. vyApAra meM hAni aura lAbha, dina-rAta ke samAna avazyaMbhAvI haiM. binA mahanata kiye kamAI karane kI socane para aisA ho hI jAyA karatA hai. aba hI sahI saMkalpa kara lo-"zrama karake hI kamAI karUMgA aura vahI merI saccI kamAI hogI--aisI dhruvadhAraNA banA lo. isa saMkalpa se calanevAlA kabhI parAjita nahIM hotA.' svAmIjI mahArAja kI vANI usake hRdaya meM praveza pA gaI. usane kumArga taja diyA. pUjya munizrI ke samparka va paricaya meM Anese pUrva vaha juvArI, aneka santoM ke pAsa apanI parAjaya va nirAza sthiti kI kahAnI kahane gayA thA. sarvatra use zuSka jJAnopadeza milA thA. isase baha lagabhaga anAsthAvAdI hA cukA thA. pUjya munimanA zrIhajArImalajI ma. ne juvArI kI pIr3A ko AtmIyatA se sunA aura phira eka neka salAhakAra kI taraha hRdaya-sparzI upadeza-vAkyoM se sthAyI prabhAva DAlakara usakA hRdaya jIta kara jIvana-dizA hI badala dI thI. 'bahudhA hArA aura nirAza vyakti hI adRzya-sattA ko svIkAra kara apane astitva ko usameM laya kara denA cAhatA hai'. svAmIjI ma.ne juvArI kInabja saMbhAlI evaM tAr3anA-tarjanA rahita sIkha dekara sadA-sadA ke lie sAtvika bhAvoM kA pujArI banAkara use amara AsthAvAn banA diyA. unakA yaha siddhAnta thA : 'jIvana meM vyakti ko vyakti se mRdu vyavahAra karanA cAhie. kyoMki vyavahAra kI mRdutA saMmukhastha meM bhI mRdutA aura komalatA lA detI hai, svAmIjI ke vyavahAra se usake hRdaya para jo prabhAva par3A vaha asAdhAraNa thA. vaha santa-saMskRti kI hI vijaya hai. isa prakAra pahale kA juvArI aura aba kA santa-bhakta, eka mAtra santa svAmI hajArImalajI muni ko hI namaskAra nahIM karatA hai, apitu saMta-saMskRti kI avicchinna paramparA ko namaskAra karatA hai.' isa taraha vaha vyakti ke prati hI AkRSTa nahIM humA, samaSTi ke prati bhI dAyitva samajhane lagA; balki spaSTa kahA jAya to vaha vyaktipUjaka hokara bhI guNamUlaka paramparA kA anuyAyI ho gayA. bahudhA aisA kahA jAtA hai ki dUra se vastu yA vyakti meM sauMdarya aura AkarSaNa parilakSita hotA hai, samIpa pahuMcate hI vaha samAptaprAya ho jAtA hai. isake viparIta kabhI-kabhI jo nikaTa se sundara dIkhatA hai, dUra se vaha utanA sundara nahIM dIkhatA. pUjya munimanA ina zreNiyoM se hI bhinna the. unheM jisane najadIka se dekhA, usane to sadaiva ke liye unheM apanA ArAdhya aura Adarza mAnA hI, parantu jo dUra rahe, ve bhI AkarSita hue binA na rahe. ve vyaktigata rUpa se jitane mahAn va divya the, sAmUhika jagat meM usase bhI mahAn the. ve dUsaroM ke sukha-duHkhako apanepana ke bhAva se sunate the ! apanI jIvana-gAthA kahane vAlA yahI anubhava karatA thA ki merA parama zubhaciMtaka yadi koI hai, to yahI paramapuruSa hai. hama kaba apanIbAta chupAte ? Aja vyakti dumuhI kI taraha duharA vyaktitva lekara jI rahA hai. duhare vyaktitva kA artha hai kRtrima jIvana. Aja samAja ke Jain Edulation International
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________________ 22 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya sAmane jo vyaktitva pradarzita hotA hai, vastutaH manuSya kA vyaktigata jIvana usase bhinna hotA hai. use vaha chupAye rakhatA hai. jaisA aMdara meM vaha hai, use prakaTa nahIM karanA cAhatA. isa prakAra ke jIvana kA rAjanIti yA cANakya-nIti meM sthAna hogA, parantu Atma-cintakoM kI dRSTi meM aisA jIvana kSudra jIvana hai. kRtrimatA-premI chala, bala aura kala se kAma letA hai. manISiyoM kA kahanA hai--ye tInoM zUla haiM, bANa haiM, ina trimukha bANoM se AtmA Ahata ho jAtI hai. isa taraha kI trikoNa-Ahata-AtmA meM satya kI pUjA, pratiSThA aura sammAna kahA~ ? satya pratibimbita nahIM, to saralatA nahIM. saralatA nahIM to nirmalatA kahA~ ? saralatA va nirmalatA nahIM to Atma-arpaNa nahIM. Atma-arpaNa nahIM to dharma kA pratibimba kahA~ ? pratibimba nahIM to dila ke dAga kaise miTeM ? binA isake mana meM camaka kahA~ ? camaka nahIM to Atma-guNa kI chAyA kaise par3e ? aura isake binA AtmA meM pavitratA kA udaya kaise ho? svAmIjI ma. kA mana, itanA nirmala aura bRhad thA ki pratyeka vyakti apane doSa, unake svacchAdarza meM dekha sakatA thA. unake manakI svacchatA ko dekhakara mana kaha uThatA hai : 'kaisA mana pAyA thA unhoMne cAMdanI-sA.' / unake jIvana meM gopanIya to kucha thA hI nahIM. jo kucha thA, vaha eka khulI pustaka kI taraha spaSTa thA. kavi baccana ke zabdoM meM kaheM, to yoM kaha sakate haiM : hama apanA jIvana aMkita kara, pheMka cuke haiM rAjamArga para, jisakA jI cAhe so par3ha le, patha para Ate jAte ! hama kaba apanI bAta chupAte !! saca hai prArambha se anta taka unhoMne kabhI kucha chupAyA hI nahIM thA-apane jIvana meM ! ve sva aura para ke bheda-rahita bAlaka kI taraha hI svacchamanA bane rahe ! unakI pravacana-paddhati: svAmIjI ma0 kI dharmadezanA kI apanI eka asAdhAraNa praNAlI thI. ve bAta to vahI kahate the jo anAdikAla se munijana kahate Aye haiM. kintu unake kahane meM na to dArzanika sUkSmatA hotI thI, na adhyAtmavAda kI ajJeya gaharAI aura na lokamAnasa ke anuraMjana kI lokaiSaNA. pravacana karate samaya ve antavilIna ho jAte the. unake vAkya-vAkya se unake hRdaya kI zucitA, saralatA, mRdutA, virakti aura Atma-kalyANa kI sahaja spRhA TapakatI thI. isalie TapakatI thI ki Agama samarthita saMyamamUlaka vyAkhyAmaya unakA AcaraNa thA ! ve Adarza aura vyavahArake pArthakya meM vizvAsa nahIM karate the. yahI kAraNa thA ki unakI vANI na ekAMta havAI Adarza taka sImita rahatI thI aura na Adarza nirapekSa vyavahAra mAtra kA anusaraNa karatI thI. unake pratyeka pravacana meM Adarza aura vyavahAra kA adbhuta saMmizraNa rahatA thA, jo upadezaka zrotRvarga kI AsapAsa kI paristhitiyoM, jIvana-praNAliyoM aura mAnasika sthitiyoM se anabhijJa hotA hai, usakA upadeza anya dRSTiyoM se kitanA hI prazasta kyoM na ho, zrotAoM ke jIvana ko prabhAvita nahIM kara sakatA. usase unheM jIvana kI dizA nahIM milatI aura na ve sahI va sIdhI rAha hI pA pAte haiM. sUkSmadarzI svAmIjI isa tathya se bhalI-bhAMti paricita the. ataeva unakI dezanA jIvana ko gaharAI se sparza karane vAlI hotI thI. unakI vANI se zrotAoM ke jIvana kI samasyAe~ sulajhatI thIM. unheM jIvana kI sahI dizA milatI thI. svAmIjI kI bhASA meM koI banAvaTa nahIM thI. alaMkAroM se susajjita hokara vaha prakaTa nahIM hotI thI. sarala, sugama, subodha antastala se niHsRta hotI thI aura zrotA ke antar taka pahuMcakara use ubuddha kara detI thI. apar3ha se apar3ha zrotA bhI ___Jain Educatiameen erson Mrajaindibrary.org
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________________ muni zrImizrImala 'madhukara' : jIvana-vRtta : 23 HEARNERNMREHENERNM89939000 use anAyAsa hI hRdayaMgama kara sakatA thA. bhagavAn mahAvIra dvArA aMgIkRta bhASA-nIti kA ve pUrI taraha anusaraNa karate the. yahI kAraNa hai ki unake pravacanoM ne sahasroM bhadrAtmAoM ko prabhAvita kiyA hai. na jAne kitane pApI pApa-patha kA parityAga karake dharma aura nIti ke mArga ke rAhI bane haiM ! ve kabhI rAjasthAnI meM to kabhI khar3I bolI meM pravacana karate the. jaisA rogI, vaisA hI upacAra karanA unheM khUba AtA thA. jina pradezoM meM unakA vicaraNa huA, vahA~ kI janatA Aja bhI svAmIjI kI pravacanazailI ko smaraNa karatI hai aura mana masosa kara raha jAtI hai. Atma-dRSTi prApta karA dene kA unakA DhaMga aura taura-tarIkA alaga thA. ve kahate the AtmadRSTiprApta bhakta, maiM use mAnatA hU~ jisake jIvana meM prastuta kavi-kar3I kA bhAva pratibiMbita hotA hai para-ghara pAU~ pUjA yA, nija ghara apamAna mile; donoM meM hI muskAna rahe, mana ke bhItara bhI zrAha na ho| para pIr3A meM hI roU~ jIbhara, para sukhako apanA sukha sama., sukhiyoM se bhI mujhako dAha na ho ! jIvana ke prati unakI dRSTi thI ki saMsAra se bhAgakara to tuma giri-kandarAoM meM bhI sukha prApta nahIM kara sakate. jIvana meM bhAgane kI nahIM, dRSTi badalane kI AvazyakatA hai ! jIvana saroja : kucha pAMkhuriyAM eka: vardhamAna mahAvIra ke zabdoM meM santa, apratibaddha vihArI hotA hai. jIvana kI aihika zRkhalAoM ke baMdhana se mukta, unmukta AkAzacArI kI taraha sarvatra vicaraNa karatA hai. usakA lakSya eka hI hotA hai ki sva-sAdhanA vardhamAna hotI rahe aura para ko AtmasAdhanA kI preraNA milatI rahe ! svAmIjI ma. apane guru-bhAiyoM sahita pada-vihAra ke patha para bar3hate-bar3hate apanI janmasthalI DAMsariyA ke samIpa TADagar3ha jA nikale ! sAmpradAyika varga-vibhAjana kI dRSTi se svAmIjI ma. terApaMthI parivAra meM janme the. TADagar3ha meM Aja bhI vipula mAtrA meM terApaMthI dhAvakoM ke ghara haiM. usa samaya bhI paryApta the. svAmIjI bhikSArtha padhAre. aneka gharoM meM padArpaNa huA! kahIM-kahIM AhAra nahIM milA. nivAsa para Aye. AhAra se nivRtta huye. byAvara ke kucha sajjana bhI A gaye. kucha jainetara bandhuoM ne unase kahA : "munizrI ko yAtrA meM paryApta asuvidhAoM kA sAmanA karanA par3A. yahA~ para bhI dikkata uThAnI par3I. yahA~ para terApaMthI logoM ne munizrI ko patthara baharAye. Agata vyaktiyoM ke mastiSka meM bAta baiTha gaI ki svAmIjI ma0 ko AhAra ke sthAna para terApaMthI bhAiyoM ne patthara baharAye. una sajjanoM ne byAvara meM ukta bAta kahI. byAvara ke sthAnakavAsiyoM ke mastiSka uttejita ho gaye ki hamAre mahArAja ko patthara kaise baharA diye ! terApaMtha ke AcArya (tulasI) byAvara A rahe haiM, hama bhI unakA nagara praveza ke samaya kAle jhaNDoM se svAgata kareMge ! svAmIjI ma. jitane samaya rahanA thA, vahA~ rahe. Age prasthAna kara diyA. saMyoga kI bAta ki ghUmate hue byAvara hI padArpaNa ho gayA. carcA sAmane AI . svAmIjI ma. ne spaSTIkaraNa diyA : "nahIM, TADagar3ha meM hamAre sAtha aisI koI ghaTanA nahIM huI. hameM kisI ne bhI patthara nahIM baharAye !" byAvara ke terApaMthI zrAvakoM ne aura sthAnakavAsI zrAvakoM ne isa bAta ko lekara roTI-beTI kA sambandha viccheda karane kA bhISma nirNaya kara liyA thA. parantu munizrI ke spaSTIkaraNa se sthiti spaSTa ho gaI aura azAnta vAtAvaraNa zAnti meM pariNata ho gayA. MAY TANA Jain Education Intemational
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________________ 24 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya WIKINNINNEMINAR MINMENENEMM unhoMne apane sAthI muniyoM se kahA : "maiM vItarAga-patha kA rAhagIra hU~. samabhAva sAdhanA karane ke lie hI maiMne vItarAgapatha anusarA hai. mujhe hI nimitta banA kara ye loga viSama bhAva ke bIjAropaNa kareM yaha merI sAdhanA kA dhvaja nahIM, kalaMka hai.' astu, ukta paramparA svAmIjI ma0 kI dRr3hatA se kAyama na ho sakI. unake jIvana meM isa prakAra kI aneka bAra pArasparika dveSa kI sthiti utpanna huI parantu unhoMne saba prasaMgoM para apanI vilakSaNa buddhi dvArA galata paraMparA sthApita na hone dI. ghaTanA, vi0saM0 1963, vyAvara. do: caritanAyaka mahAmanasvI svAmIjI ma. ke vakSa meM eka bar3I gAMTha thI. eka dina nizcaya huA : 'DAkTara kuMjabihArIlAla se nidAna karAyA jAya' ve apane sahayogI muni ko lekara nidAna nimitta cale gaye. DaoNkTara kI rAya huI : 'oNparezana karanA hogA.' svAmIjI ne mana-mana meM socA : 'jInA hai saMyama ke liye. saMyama aura tapa kI sAdhanA meM yaha vyAdhi, vighna upasthita karegI. taba kyoM na DaoNkTara kI icchA para hI chor3a dUM. saba kucha ? svAmIjI ne kahA : 'maiM taiyAra hU~, Apa apanI suvidhAnusAra oNparezana kara sakate ho.' 'DaoNkTara ne pUchA :' klorophArma kA upayoga kiyA jAya yA iMjekzana kA?" eka kA bhI nahIM. maiM saba taraha se taiyAra hU~, Apa apanI suvidhAnusAra oNparezana kara sakate haiM.' svAmIjI kA yaha saMkSiptasA uttara thA. 'sAhasa, saMkalpa aura vizvAsa kA aisA vikaTa dhanI puruSa Aja taka maiMne nahIM dekhA-kaha kara DAkTara Azcaryacakita ho gaye. unhoMne apanA kAma prArambha kiyA. 45 miniTa meM chAtI ke eka bhAga se 6 tole kI gAMTha nikAla kara meja para rakha dI. svAmIjI se kahA gayA : 'tIna dina taka yahIM para rahanA hogA. oNparezana kAphI DeMjarasa thA.' bhadra santa kA uttara thA : "maiM sakuzala apane nivAsa para pahu~ca jAU~gA." aura usI samaya pUre cAra phAgakA rAstA pAra karake jaina sthAnaka (pIpaliyA bAjAra) meM sAnanda padhAra gaye. ghaTanA : saM0 2007, byAvara. tIna : jainadharma ke sabhI sampradAya AdhyAtmika pavoM meM saMvatsarI parva ko sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa pavitra AdhyAtmika tyauhAra mAnate haiM. isa dina sabhI sampradAyoM ke jaina baMdhu tapasyApUrvaka apane gata varSa ke jIvana meM lage doSoM kA prAyazcitta karate haiM. choTe-choTe bAlaka bhI apanI rasanA para niyaMtraNa kara yathAzakti avazya tapa karate haiM. byAvara ke sthAnakavAsI saMgha meM aura jaina-navayuvaka saMgha meM kisI mAmale ko lekara saMvatsarI ke dina carcA clii| carcA-maMca teja hotA gayA. bAta yahA~ taka Age bar3hI ki vyakti do daloM meM ba~Ta gae. munizrI apane donoM ziSya svarUpa guru-bhAiyoM sahita nyAta ke nohare (sAmUhika artharAzi se nirmita sArvajanika sthAna) meM pravacana-maMca para sthita the. saMgharSa bar3hane kI pUrI-pUrI saMbhAvanA tIvra ho calI thI. svAmIjI ma. ne niSpakSa dRSTi se socA aura apanA adbhuta nirNaya kiyA. apane ziSyoM se kahA : 'vyAkhyAnamaMca se uThakara tatkAla hameM apane nivAsa (jaina sthAnaka) para pahu~ca jAnA cAhie.' svAmIjI kA Adeza huA. tInoM muni saMvatsarI kA pravacana chor3akara cale Aye. sthiti ke anusAra saMgharSa bar3hatA kintu munizrI ke prasthAna karate hI skUla kI chuTTI hone para bacce vibhinna dizAoM meM bikhara jAte haiM aise hI do daloM meM vibhAjita jainabandhu bhI titara-bitara ho gae. saMgharSa kA zamana ho gayA. ghaTanA : saM0 2016, byAvara. Private & Personal use on Dipinolibodhy.org
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________________ muni zrImizrImala 'madhukara' : jIvana-vRtta : 25 cAra: Nuo Zhu Mi Lu Qi Ban Ye Ye Zhuang Xian Xi Di Ye Nuo Luo Luo Sha An Ye Wu sthAnakavAsI jainoM kA akhila bhAratIya stara para ajamera meM eka muni-sammelana huA. sammelana meM ekIkaraNa kI dRSTi se yugapuruSa AcArya zrIjavAharalAlajI ma. ne usa yuga meM rahe santoM kI manaHsthiti ko samajhA. aura pahale gaNoM meM sampradAyoM kA kendrIyakaraNa kiyA jAya--aisA mUlyavAna sujhAva prastuta kiyA. unake vicAroM ko samarthana milA. rAjasthAna kI chaH sampradAyoM ne milakara nizcaya kiyA : 'chaH sampradAyoM kA eka gaNa bananA cAhiye. aura usakA phira eka AcArya bhI.' sabane milakara apanA vizvAsa prakaTa karate hue kahA : 'svAmIjI ma. kA hRdaya pitRhRdaya hai ataH chaH sampradAyoM ke Apa hI AcArya banAye jAyeM.' svAmIjI ma0 kA yaha dhruva vizvAsa thA ki zAsana karanevAlA komala hRdaya se kAma le to vyavasthA bigar3atI hai. kaThoratA na baratI jAya to anuzAsana sthApita nahIM hotA. ataH muni-pada hI merA salaunA pada hai. aura phira AcArya-pada svIkAra karane se merI ekAnta-sAdhanA meM vikSepa bhI upasthita ho sakatA hai. ataH svAmI jI ma0 kA nirNaya thA : 'maiM AcArya-pada grahaNa karanA nahIM cAhatA. maiM sAdhaka hI rahanA cAhatA hU~, zAsaka nahIM. ghaTanA 1666. ajamera, (rAjasthAna) pAMca: rAjasthAna ke sthAnakavAsI jainamuni sampradAyoM ke vibhAjana ko jitanA mahattva dete rahe haiM, saMgaThana ko bhI usase kama nahIM. isaliye lIka-lIka calane ko ve sadaiva galata mAnate rahe haiM. eka samaya aisA thA jaba ve alaga-alaga baeNTe. apane naitika vicAroM ke vizvAsoM ke anusAra unakA pracAra karate rahe. Age AnevAlI pIr3hI ne socA : 'hamAre bar3oM ne vibhAjita honA ucita mAnA thA. hama saMgaThita hone meM jainadharma kA abhyudaya mAnate haiM. vikendrita hone se naitika pracAra kI zakti vibhAjita ho jAtI hai. hama jo 'dharmAbhyudaya' ko vyApaka banAne kA lakSya lekara cale haiM-isase bAdhA utpanna hotI hai. taba kyoM na zakti kA kendrIkaraNa kiyA jAya ? yaha Aja ke yuga kI mA~ga hai. isa zubha saMkalpa se utprerita hokara pAlI (rAjasthAna) meM chaH sampradAyoMkA eka muni sammelana Ayojita kiyA gayA. chahoM sampradAyoM ke munijana ekatrita hue. sabane AcAragata hArda para carcA kI. saMgaThana sUcaka niyama banAye. svAmIjI ko unhoMne apane sampradAya kA pravartaka-pada pradAna kiyA. AcArya kI niyukti kA paripAka kAla na AyA jAna dobArA bRhat sammelana meM isa bRhat kArya ko karane kA nizcaya kiyA. ghaTanAH saM0 1960, pAlI. cha: phala to bhAvAre lAre hai. 'yasmAt kriyA pratiphalaMti na bhAvazUnyAH' phala to bhAvoM ke sAtha hai. phala, mAtra sAdhuoM ko dene meM nahIM hai. hama loga tapa karate haiM to usa dina kA bhI bhojanAMza abhAvagrastoM taka pahu~canA cAhiye. sadayatAvaza diyA gayA sahayoga abhAva kA nahIM, sAdhana-sampannatA kA nimitta banatA hai. ise parigraha kA prAyazcitta bhI kahA jA sakatA hai. isa prakAra unhoMne eka samaya vizvazAMti kI bhAvanA kA paricaya janatA ko udbodhita karate hue to diyA hI thA, sAtha hI eka adhovastra, eka uttarIya, eka bAradAne kA Asana aura anya anivArya upakaraNoM ke atirikta duSkAla, sukAla meM pariNata ho jAya taba taka ke liye sabakA parityAga kara diyA thA. eka bAra rAjasthAna meM bhI duSkAla par3A thA. vaha samaya, baMgAla jitanA kaThina-kaThora to nahIM thA parantu usa samaya bhI unhoMne apane ziSyoM ko Adeza diyA thA ki mAravAr3a meM sukAla kI sthiti punaH sthApita na ho jAya taba taka mere lie ghRta, dugdha-dadhi, navanIta Adi koI bhI bahumUlya khAdya Jain Education Interational
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________________ 26 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya vastu na lAI lAya. yaha duSkAla saM0 1986 meM par3A thA. usa samaya mAravAr3a ke adhikAMza logoM ne "paga-paga roTI Daga-Daga nIra" vAle hare-bhare mAlava pradeza meM jAkara Azraya grahaNa kiyA thA. ghaTanA : 1956 mer3atA. sAta: 'sakkhaM khu dIsai taboviseso, na dosaI jAivisesa koi' jAtigata uccatA-nIcatA kI dIvAroM meM dharma ko kaida karane vAloM ke sAmane dharma kI udAratA pratipAdita karate huye zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ne apanI dezanA meM kahA hai---"saMsAra meM tapa evaM naitika AcAra kI vizeSatA pratyakSa hI dRSTigocara hotI hai. jAti se uccatA-nIcatA ko svIkAra karanA dharma, nIti, sadAcAra aura saMyama kA apamAna hai." isa kalpanA meM jAti sadguNoM se Upara uTha kara daMbha kA kAraNa banatI hai. yahI kAraNa hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra ne saMbhavata: sarva-prathama jAtivAda ke viruddha zaMkhanAda kiyA thA. harijana-mandira-praveza kA Andolana dezavyApI thA. saM0 2014 kA varSAvAsa svAmIjI siMhapola, jodhapura meM bitA rahe the. do harijana baMdhU siMhapola meM svAmIjI ke pAsa, isa irAde se Aye ki "maMdira-praveza ke lie hameM barajA jAtA hai. yahAM bhI hameM rokA-TokA jAyagA ! hama jabaradastI kareMge. tarka kareMge hameM adhikAra kyoM nahIM ?" kakSa ke bAhara taka Akara unake paira ThiThake. munirAja ne hAtha se andara Ane kA snehapUrvaka saMketa kiyA. unhoMne kahA : 'svAmIjI ! hama jaina dharma meM zraddhA rakhate haiM, isa nAte hama jaina haiM !' bahuta sundara ! taba hama-tuma sahadhArmika hue. svAmIjI kA napA-tulA uttara thA. Agata bandhuoM kA saMgharSamUlaka manoratha pighala kara baha gayA. svAmIjI ne unheM dhArmika pustakeM pradAna kI ! jAte samaya unake namaskAra ke uttara meM punaH AzIrvAdAtmaka hasta-mudrA kI. ghaTanA : saM0 2014. jodhapura. pATha: eka kandarA meM do siMha kaise raha sakate haiM ? mAravAr3a ke alhar3a santa zrIpUrNamalajI ma0, bAbAjI ke nAma se prasiddha the. eka bAra ve tivarI meM virAjamAna the. tivarI grAma meM svAmI ke bhakta zrAvaka adhika saMkhyA meM nivAsa karate haiM. ataeva unakA padArpaNa hone para svAbhAvika hI thA ki zrotA pravacana meM adhika saMkhyA meM sammilita hote. magara svAmIjI to saralatA, udAratA aura samatA kI pratimUrti the ! ve bAbAjI kI sAdhanA aura yogyatA se bhI paricita the. ataH unakI upekSA ko sahana nahIM kara sakate the. svAmIjI, varSAvAsa nimitta varSAvAsa prAraMbha hone ke kAphI dina pahale vicarate hue tivarI padhAre the. svAmIjI ne tivarI-nivAsiyoM ko bAbAjI ke prati adhikAdhika Adara-bhAva vyakta karane kI dRSTi se apanI sahaja udAratAvaza Adeza diyA-'bAbAjI jaba taka tivarI meM haiM, unhIM kA vyAkhyAna hogA. aura Apa sabako unake vyAkhyAna meM jAnA hai.' unakI udAratA ne kahA : eka guphA meM do siMha nahIM raha sakate parantu eka kSetra meM samabhAva ke sAdhaka aneka santa raha sakate haiM. kyoMki una kA lakSya eka hai. bAbAjI ma0 jaba taka vahA~ rahe, donoMkA bar3A snehapUrNa vyavahAra rahA. svAmIjI ne kSaNa bhara ke liye bhI bAbAjI ko anubhava nahIM hone diyA ki ve apane bhaktoM ke madhya meM nahIM haiM. Jain Education Interational
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________________ muni zrImizrImala 'madhukara' : jIvana-vRtta : 27 nau: marubhUmi ke ArAdhya gurudeva, atyaMta saMvedanazIla aura anubhUti-pravaNa the. saM0 1966 meM bhayaMkara duSkAla thA. svAmIjI ne apane sAthI muniyoM ko kisI prakAra jatAye binA hI eka dina yaha ghoSita kara diyAH "deza meM duSkAla hai ! maiM ghRta, dugdha-dadhi aura navanIta kA upayoga karatA rahU~-yaha nahIM ho sakatA ! Ajase mere lie ye vastueM taba taka mata lAnA, jaba taka sukAla na ho jAya ! sAthI muniyoM ke hRdaya ko munirAja ke vicAroM ne sparza kiyA ! unhoMne bhI muni-pradhAna kA patha anusarA ! ghaTanA sa0 : 1666. dasa : svAmIjI ma0 ke gurudeva zrIjorAvaramalajI ma0 ko lambe samaya se udara-sambandhI pIr3A thI. 'pIr3A hai to hai, yaha karmaphala hai. isase chUTane kA upAya kyoM kiyA jAya ? kucha aise vyartha ke AdarzavAdI bhI hote haiM. kucerA nivAsI zrIhaMsarAjajI bhaNDArI upacAra-vyavasthA ke pakSa meM nahIM the. svAmIjI se unhoMne kahA : "karma-phala ko DAkTara miTA sakate haiM kyA ? kyoM vyartha auSadhopacAra karate ho ?' bhaNDArIjI kA kathana unakI gurubhakti ko cunautI thI. unhoMne bhaNDArIjI se kahA : 'hamArI vyavasthA meM Apako hastakSepa karane kI kyA AvazyakatA hai ?' svAmIjI dvArA diye gaye saTIka uttara ne jaise karaMTa kA kAma kiyA ho, agale dina se unhoMne sthAnaka meM jAnA sthagita kara diyA. tIna samaya upAzraya Ane vAle bhaNDArIjI jaba do samaya upAzraya meM nahIM Ae, to svAmI kA mana yoM mur3A : 'mAlUma hotA hai, merI bAta unheM khala gaI hai.' svAmI ma0 tatkAla ukta sajjana ke ghara gae aura kSamAyAcanA kI. gaNadhara gautama svAmI ne bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samaya Ananda zrAvaka ke ghara jAkara apanI bhUla kI kSamA-yAcanA kI thI. svAmIjI mahArAja ne bhI bhaNDArIjI ke ghara jAkara kSamA-yAcanA kI. gyAraha: ghaTanA : saMvat 1985 kucerA. AcArya zrI raghunAthajI ma0 kI sampradAya kI paMraparA ke vidvAn santa zrIsantoSacandrajI ma0, pUjya gurudeva zrIjorAvaramalajI ma0, zrI saMtoSacadrajI ma. ke ziSya zrI motIlAlajI ma0,zrI jorAvaramalajI ke ziSya svAmIjI ma0 Adi santa sAvaliyA (javAlI rAjasthAna) se vihAra karate hue rAnI (rAjasthAna) se pahale, aMjanezvara mahAdeva (vaiSNavasampradAya kA prasiddha tIrthasthAna) pahu~cane vAle the. sAtha ke sabhI munijana Age nikala gaye the. svAmIjI ma0 aura zrI motIlAlajI ma0 pIche raha gaye the. sahasA zrImotIlAlajI ma0 kA dhyAna gayA. dekhA ki eka vyAghra A rahA hai ! motIlAlajI muni bhayabhIta ho uThe. munizrI ne kahA : 'ahiMsA-vratI ko bhayAnubhava karane kI kyA AvazyakatA hai? ahiMsaka ko to nirbhaya aura vIra honA cAhiye. bhaya to vaha khAe jo dUsaroM ko bhaya pahuMcAtA ho. yadi aise prasaMgoM para ahiMsAvratI hI Darane lageMge to lokamAnasa ke dharAtala para ahiMsA kA artha kAyaratA hai -yaha galata vizvAsa, aura gaharAI se ubhara AegA. AtmA ke ahiMsAstra para vizvAsa lAkara dhyAnAvasthita ho jAo. sAdhu kA Adarza to 'arghAvatAraNa asiprahAraNa meM sadA samatA dharana' honA cAhiye. donoM muni ardha-nimIlita netroM se dhyAnAvasthita ho gaye. vyAghra AyA. jaise usake mana meM kisI prakAra kA bhAvodgama hI na huA ho-vaha muniyugala se do phuTa kI dUrI para Akara eka nimiSa ko rukA aura calA gayA. ghaTanA : saM0 1666, sthAna jaMgala. (muni rUpacandra 'rajata'kI gurumukhazruti) Jain Education Intemational
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________________ vacana saMcaya ! [svAmI jI mahArAja ke dvArA vibhinna samayoM aura sthaloM para uccArita katipaya vacanoM kA saMkSipta saMcayana prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai. vicArazIloM ke liye ye vicAra cinagAriyA~ haiM. cinagAriyoM ko cetA lene vAlA unakA celA hai. zraddhAzIloM ke liye ye jIvanadIpa haiM. dIpa meM bhakti kA sneha uMDelane vAlA unakA zraddhAlu bhakta haiM ! vyAkhyAna maMca para inakI vivecanA karane vAlA unakA vyAkhyAnI ziSya hai !! ] bhAgya se saMgharSa karo ! saMgharSa se bhAgya ko saMtoSa milatA hai. bhAgane se bhAgya kI krUratA bar3hatI hai. bhAgane se jIvana kI samasyAe~ nahIM sulajhatI. ataH saMgharSa karate raho. saMgharSa hI jIvana hai ! jIvana saMyama ke lie hai. jInA hai to saMyama ke liye jIo. bhoga meM roga ke kAMTe haiM. yoga meM jindagI ke sugaMdhita phUla haiM. phUloM kA upahAra usI ko milatA hai jo bhoga kI meMr3a para baiThakara bhI tapa va saMyama kI AMca tApatA rahatA hai. maiM aba sabakA bananA cAhatA hU~. maiM sabakA hU~. saba mere haiM. vizva-prema merA sarvopari kAmya hai. para-upakAra, hRdaya kA sahaja guNa hai. koI yaha kahatA ho ki maiMne amuka ko duHkha se ubArA hai to yaha usakA dambha hai. atIta aura bhaviSya ke bAre meM socanA chor3o ! vartamAna para socanA aura calanA satya hai| atIta aura bhaviSya ke kAlpanika jAla meM mana ko phaMsAne se AtmA guru (karmanibaddha) hotI hai. nArI, mA~, bahina, sevikA, patnI aura putrI hai. parantu ina saba rUpoM meM vaha kevala vAtsalya kI amara mUrti hI hai. vAtsalya ke abhAva meM nArI kevala zUnya hai. vAtsalya-bhAvanA nArI ko nArAyaNI banAtI hai. kAnUna yA siddhAMta ke sikaMje zarIra ko jakar3a sakate haiM ! hRdaya inakI pakar3a se pare hai ! pIr3A kI anubhUti va sahAnubhUti ke bhAva hRdaya kI vasundharA meM aMkurita hote haiM ! mastiSka, manuSya ko tarka kI kaMTIlI jhAr3iyoM meM ulajhAtA hai ! hRdaya kI pukAra manuSya ko karuNA ke Ananda-loka meM pahu~cAtI hai ! LIKE Vote
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________________ muni zrImizrImala 'madhukara' : jIvana-vRtta : 26 kapar3e pahana kara santa hone vAle aneka mila jAte haiN| una anekoM meM se kucha hI aise hote haiM jinakA socanA aura bolanA nisargataH santAcAra ke anukUla ho. EAKXCENERATARRRRRR santa saba kA hotA hai ! vaha santa sabakA nizcaya hI nahIM hai, jisakI vANI meM sampradAyavAda ke kAMTe hoM. R vandanIya mahAvIra ne karuNA-bhIgI palakoM se daridra brAhmaNa ko dekhA thA. unhoMne apanA uttarIya utAra kara usake skaMdha para apane hAthoM svayaM rakha diyA thA. vastra pradAna kara unake sAdhanAmUlaka mana ko parama modAnubhUti huI thI. isa kArya se unakI nispRha aura nittimUlaka sAdhanA meM tanika bhI antara nahIM AyA thA. isase unakI pavitra AtmasAdhanA urjasvala ho uThI thI ! | jisa santa ke reze-reze meM, puSpa meM sugaMdha, dugdha meM dhavalimA aura agni meM USmA samAI rahatI hai-aise hI saba ke prati karuNA na ho vaha guNagrAhI saMtoM rUpI haMsoM kI pAMta meM bagulA hai. jisa dhanArjana meM zrama ke motI na camakate hoM vaha dhana eka dina durAcAra ke andhakAra meM dhakela degA. prAmANikatApUrvaka ajita dravya sadAcAra kI ora bar3hane ko utprerita karatA hai. mujhe manuSya kI naitikatA meM akhaNDa AsthA hai. jahA~ vizvAsoM kI amiTa chAyA hai vahIM sAyA milatA hai. sAyA aura chAyA saMkalpavijayI ke liye alaga-alaga nahIM haiM ! vyakti kI sahaja saralatA aura naitikatA meM hamArA vizvAsa honA cAhiye. koI bhI manuSya anaitika nahIM bananA cAhatA hai. parAvalambana kI kaThinAI kA tApa, manuSya ko khedakhinna banA kara pazcAttApa kI bhaTThI meM jhulasA detA hai ! parAvalambI jIvana, svataMtratA kA sukha nahIM bhoga sakatA ! kRtrimatA, chala aura bala ke bANoM se AtmA lahUluhAna ho jAtI hai. ina bANoM se Ahata AtmA meM satya kI pUjA pratiSThA aura sammAna kahA~ ? jahA~ AtmA sammAnita nahIM, vahA~ satya pratibimbita nahIM, satya pratibimbita nahIM to saralatA nahIM, saralatA nahIM to nirmalatA kahA~ ? saralatA-nirmalatA nahIM, vahA~ AtmArpaNa nahIM. AtmArpaNa nahIM to dharma kA pratibimba kahA~ ? pratibimba nahIM to mana ke dAga kaise dikheM ? dAga dikheMge nahIM, to miTAye kaise jAyeMge? dAga nahIM miTeMge to mana meM camaka kahA~ ? camaka nahIM to usameM AtmaguNa kI chAyA kaise par3e ? AtmaguNoM kI chAyA na dIkhane se hI use AtmA meM pavitratA najara nahIM A pAtI. sarala, sugama aura subodha bhASA, hRdaya kI bhASA hai. alaMkAra ke AvaraNa meM lipaTI bhASA zrotA ke hRdaya-deza meM nahIM pahu~catI; vaha isase ubuddha bhI nahIM hotA. apar3ha se apar3ha zrotA bhI hRdaya kI bhASA samajha letA hai| usake pAsa bhI anubhUtizIla hRdaya hai. eka guphA meM do siMha nahIM raha sakate. kyoMki ve dUsare ke prANoM kA vyaparopaNa karate haiM. ve prANiyoM ke khUna ko cUsa kara jIvana-poSaNa karate haiM. para eka kSetra meM do bhinna sampradAyoM ke sAdhu raha sakate haiM. kyoMki sAdhu samabhAva sAdhanA kA samatA-rasa pIkara Atma-poSaNa karate haiM. sAdhu agara yazaH kIrti ke liye lar3ate haiM to isakA sApha-sApha artha yaha hai ki unhoMne satya ke darzana nahIM kiye. aise santa libAsa ke santa haiM, para bar3ha rahe haiM, ve ahaMkAra kI ora hI. ve mara-mara kara jIte haiM prakAza kA patha samatA, vizvamamatA aura dharmadRr3hatA se milatA hai. RDA Jain Education Intemational
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________________ 0300300300300303003030 30 30 30 30 3063 30 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : prathama adhyAya jo upadezaka zrotAoM ke jIvana meM Ane vAlI samasyAoM, paristhitiyoM jIvanapraNAliyoM aura mAnasika sthitiyoM se anabhijJa rahatA hai; usakA upadeza anya kinhIM dRSTiyoM se cAhe jitanA prazasta kyoM na ho para daha jIvana nahIM badala sakatA. zrotA ke jIvana ko prabhAvita nahIM kara sakatA isIlie jIvana kI dizA nahIM badalatI. saMsAra kA lakSaNa parivartana hai. yahA~ sthAyitva ke nAma para kyA sthira hai ? sneha aura mamatva bhI bahakAe aura ba~TAe baTa jAte haiM. sneha kA srota, eka dizA meM bahate - bahate dUsarI dizA meM bahane lagatA hai. bAlyAvasthA meM mAtA ke prati rahA huA mamatva yuvAvasthA meM patnI para kendrita ho jAtA hai. putrI para TikA sneha putra prApta hote hI dizA badala kara putra meM simaTa jAtA hai. eka dina putra meM simaTI mamatA bhI svArtha se nicur3ane lagatI hai. sneha ba~Ta jAtA hai. dhana luTa jAtA hai. samaya saraka jAtA hai ! samaya kI karavaTa se, saba kucha ulaTa-pulaTa ho jAtA hai. manuSya kA, na sneha sthAyI hai na salone alone sunahare svapna ! jagameM svArtha prabala hai. svArtha ke kacce dhAgoM meM rAgI, vairAgI, syAgI, tapasvI, kavi, vidvAn aura muni saba jakar3e hue hai. saMsAra kI pratyeka mAtA meM vizvamAtRtva vidyamAna hai. nArI ke A~suoM meM dAhaka jvAlA nahIM, pAvasa kI zItalatA hai. A~sU nArI ke hRdaya kA amRta hai ! A~sU usake mAtRtva kA pramANa hai. dhAnya kI lahalahAtI khetI kitanI sukhada hai ! patA hai A~khoM kA yaha saundarya upalabdha karane ke lie kisAna ne kitanA pasInA bahAyA hai ? saMskRta jIvana ke sambandha meM bhI yahI bAta hai. kisI bhI kArya ke prati dRr3ha niSThA kA honA Avazyaka hai. niSThA pratyeka mundara kArya ke nIma kI IMTa hai. bhArata kA adhyAtmavAda araNya meM bhaTakane kI bAta nahIM kahatA, vaha yaha bhI nahIM kahatA ki sAMsArika kArya meM abhiruci mata rakho ! vaha nahIM kahatA hai ki nArI naraka kI khAna hai. vastu jaisI hai, use vaisA hI samajha lo para vairAgya va saMnyAsa ke nAma para araNya meM Thokara khAte hue mata phiro !! zarada Rtu meM bAdala barasatA nahIM kevala garajatA hai. anudAra vyakti kAma kama karatA hai. bolatA bhara hai. isake viparIta sajjana yA udAra kahatA kucha nahIM barasatA jAtA hai yA kAma kie jAtA hai. karma karo ! Asakta mata bano !! ruci avazya dikhAo para ahaMkAra tyAga do. karma karanA tumhArA kAma hai, usameM saundarya khojanA, usakA mUlyAMkana karanA - ye saba dUsaroM ke kAma haiM / tuma apanI sImA meM kAma karo ve tumhArA mUlya avazya aMkita kareMge / totA rAmAyaNa kI caupAiyA~ aura gItA ke zloka raTa letA hai parantu itane mAtra se vaha billI se apanI rakSA nahIM kara sakatA. sAdhu, mahaMta, paNDita aura mullA bhI bhASaNa dekara janatA ke mastiSka meM vicAroM kA choMka lagA sakate haiM parantu mAyA ke paMje se ve apanI rakSA nahIM kara sakate. hamAre kucha dharmAcAryoM ne bhAratIya janatA ko svArthamaya banA diyA hai. ve niraMtara yahI upadeza karate haiM ki saMsAra svArthamaya QUAN
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________________ hai / tumhArA koI sagA nahIM hai / nahIM para Aja to sAtha de rahe haiM. muni zrI mizrImala 'madhukara': jIvana-vRtta : 31 mRtyu ke samaya koI sAtha nahIM degA. para ve yaha kyoM nahIM socate ki mRtyu ke samaya sArA saMsAra svArthamaya hai yaha socakara agara eka dUsare para vizvAsa hI manuSya ko na rahegA to usa hAlata meM saMsAra jarUra svArtha kI Aga meM jalane lagegA aura usa Aga meM paNDita mullA yA sAdhu koI bhI nahIM baca sakegA / parAjaya se manuSya nirAza ho jAtA hai parantu vastutaH parAjaya se manuSya kI bAsI jindagI meM tAjagI AtI hai. vaha manuSya kI halacalabharI jindagI meM raMgInI lA detI hai. usake khUna meM ubAla A jAtA hai. sA~soM meM gIta gUMjane lagate haiM, yadyapi vijaya mahAn hai parantu Avazyaka ho to parAjaya mahattara hai. kala ! isa zabda meM kitanI saMbhAvanAeM bharI par3I haiM. bhale hI Aja kA dina kitanA hI nirAzA ke meghoM se ghirA, bhaya, bImArI tathA mRtyu kI AzaMkA lie hai, kintu saubhAgya kI saMbhAvanA kA kala kitanA sundara hai ! isaliye acchA ho hama mRtyu ko sirpha AnevAle eka kala kI taraha samajha jo asIma vizvAsa aura utsAha se bharApUrA hai. rAha 33333333333333333
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________________ svAmIjI ke jIvanasUtra mahAsthavira munirAja zrIhajArImalajI ma0 ko unake jIvanakAla meM aura Ajataka janamAnasa ekAMta zraddhA, sneha, bhakti aura Adara kI dRSTi se dekhatA rahA, mAnatA rahA tathA mAna rahA hai, usakA kAraNa yaha hai ki unakA jIvana, kucha jIvana kI udAtta aura divya preraNAoM se prerita thA. unameM se katipaya preraNAeM nimna prakAra haiM(1) vizvazAnti (2) vizvavAtsalya (3) mAtRjAti kA ucita sammAna (4) choToM ke prati sneha (5) guNI janoM ke prati Adara (6) dharma ke prati jAgarUkatA (7) akhaMDa brahmacarya meM ekAMta niSThA (8) hitamita va parimita madhura saMbhASaNa (9) niSkAma evaM niHspRha vRtti (10) saMyama aura tapazcaryA meM parAyaNatA. ye ve jIvana-sUtra haiM jina para unheM apUrva AsthA thI. 'ina sUtroM ke anusAra merI dinacaryA nirbAdha vyatIta ho--aisA ve aharniza cintana kiyA karate the. ina sUtroM kI vyAkhyAmaya unakA jIvana thA. sUtroM kI sImA meM AnevAlI sImita rekhA ke atirikta bhI unake jIvana meM kucha aise vilakSaNa satya dekhe jAte the, jo uccakoTi ke santoM meM virala hI pAe jAte haiM. eka: unakI dIna-bandhutA ! vaise milane bheMTane bolane ke prasaMga kabhI bhI kisI ke bhI hoM ve nahIM TAlate the. unhoMne apane jIvana meM garIba aura amIra ke sAtha kabhI bheda-vyavahAra nahIM kiyA tathApi ve dIna, asahAya, nirAza aura dhanahIna se adhika sambandha rakhate the. isa ke pIche unakA yaha vizvAsa bolatA rahatA thA-'nirAzA meM ghirA vyakti santa ke samparka meM Akara, santa ke jIvana se, sAdhanA se, upadeza se-AzA aura utsAha kA prakAza prApta kara sakatA hai. kartavya kI niSThA kI pavitra jyoti jagA sakatA hai. isaliye santa puruSoM kA saMga Avazyaka hai.' svayaM jisa vicAra-patha para calate the usI para bar3hane kA ve anya samparkastha vyakti ko bar3I dRr3hatApUrvaka upadeza karate the. 'patthara ke bhagavAn kI pUjA kara tuma yaha socate ho ki ve hamArI AtmA kA pApa zAnta kara deMge. yaha kabhI nahIM ho sakatA. apane krUra karmoM kA yadi vastutaH prAyazcitta karanA cAhate ho to pahale jhoMpar3I meM rahanevAle daridranArAyaNa ko prasanna kara lo, tabhI sau hAthoMvAlA AtmasvarUpa bhagavAn tumheM satya-patha para bar3hane kI satpreraNA pradAna kara sakatA hai.' do: prANimAtra ke prati sneha ! manuSya, apane hI khuda kI soce. apane hI ArAma-vizrAma ko mahattva de, Asa-pAsa ke manuSya aura dUsare prANI kisa prakAra
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________________ muni zrImizrImala 'madhukara' : jIvana-vRtta : 33 Luo Shen Yuan Shen Shen Kao Zhu You You You Lai Lai Lai Kao Jie Gou Gou jIvana vyatIta kara rahe haiM, isa ora kabhI dhyAna hI na deM to nissaMdeha, usa mAnava ko mAnava ke paridhAna meM pazu kahanA hogA. svAmIjI kI karuNA-dhArA AvazyakatA ke anusAra manuSyoM aura pazuoM kI ora mur3a jAtI thI kyoMki 'khAmemi savve jIvA, sabve jIvA,.......veraM majjhaM na keNai.' bhAvanA kI isa bhAvagaMgA meM unhoMne apane Apako nimajjita kiyA thA. svAbhAvika hI thA vaha unake jIvana ke pratyeka vyavahAra va karma se prakaTa hotI. eka bAra unhoMne dekhA ki 'tivarI' ke Asa-pAsa isa varSa sukAla na hone ke kAraNa sAdhAraNa janatA bhArI saMkaTa meM hai. vyApaka abhAva vyApta hai. roTI-rojI ke aura vastra ke abhAva meM tivarI ke Asa-pAsa ke abhAvagrasta loga relavelAIna para sAmarthya hai to aura nahIM hai to, dinabhara khaTate haiM-choTe-choTe baccoM ko sAtha lekara-mehanata majadUrI karate haiM. unhoMne gaMbhIratApUrvaka socA. apane pravacana ko mor3a diyA. nipuNa vyAkhyAtA vahI kahalAtA hai jo mAnava samasyA ko lakSya meM rakhakara vivecana karatA hai aura satya ke darzana karAtA hai. ata: usa samaya unhoMne apane upadezoM meM isa samasyA ko sAmane rakhakara pravacana karane prArambha kiye. 'jo zrama kara rahe haiM, unheM zrama isa sthiti meM hI kyA hara avasthA meM karanA hogA. zrama ke binA kisI se dAna svarUpa sahayoga liye jAne se tAtkAlika samasyA kA hala hotA hai. vaha usa kAla taka hI sImita hokara raha jAtA hai. yaha spaSTa hai ki vaha sthAyI hala nahIM hai. sAtha hI isa prakAra se binA zrama ke prAptavya se zrama ke prati anAsthA utpanna hotI hai. tathApi sAdhanasampanna manuSya kA isa hAlata meM dharma ho jAtA hai ki vaha abhAvagrastoM ko suvidhA pahu~cAye. astu, unake satarka karuNAbhAva-pratipAdaka upadezoM se prerita hokara prasiddha udyogapati zrIjugarAjajI zrIzrImAla ne abhAvagrasta logoM ke liye yathAyogya vastra va bhojanAdi kI vyavasthA kI.' prastuta prasaMga meM eka aura karuNA kA sAkAra ghaTita svarUpa prastuta karanA aprAsaMgika na hogA. eka bAra nAgora ke samIpavartI kSetroM meM cAre ke abhAva meM pazuoM kA jInA dUbhara ho gayA thA. usa samaya unhoMne duSkAla ke saMkaTa ke pariNAmoM ko sAmane rakhakara apane pravacanoM meM pazuoM kI upayogitA aura unake dvArA mAnava jAti ke liye honevAle lAbhoM kA pratipAdana kiyA. anudina ke pravacanoM meM prakArAntara se yaha viSaya upasthita kiyA ki 'dhArmika puruSoM ke lie isa samaya isa samasyA kA nirAkaraNa karanA hI AdhyAtmika sAdhanA kA sAra hai !' __sthAnakavAsI sampradAya kA udgama, vikAsa aura paramparAdarzana bhArata kI nirmANa santa sampradAyoM kI paraMparA buddhivAdI paraMparA kahalAtI hai. bhAvavihvalatA kA atireka sadA nahIM rahatA. usakA eka samaya hotA hai. umra kI salavaTa jyoM-jyoM bar3hatI jAtI hai tyoM-tyoM manuSya yathArthavAdI hotA jAtA hai. jaina-paramparA meM bhI mahAvIra ke bAda santoM meM sAkAra aura nirAkAra dhArA kA prasphuTana huA. lagabhaga sabhI dharmoM meM upAsanA kI do dhArAe~ pravAhita ho rahI haiM. ina dhArAoM ko sAkAra aura nirAkAra kahA jAtA rahA hai. bhakti yuga meM ise saguNa aura nirguNa nAma se abhihita kiyA gayA. bhagavAn ma0 ke saikar3oM varSoM bAda bhArata ke bahuta bar3e bhAga meM bhayaMkara duSkAla par3A thA. usa samaya annasaMkaTa-janita astavyastatA ke pariNAmasvarUpa jainadharma kI nirAkAra dhArA antaHsalilA ho gaI thI. kiMtu isa dhArA kA yaha saubhAgya rahA ki isakA sAhitya raha gayA thA. pandrahavIM zatI taka yaha dhArA antaHsalilA hI banI rahI. solahavIM zatI ke tRtIya dazaka meM lokAzAha nAmaka krAntikArI vIra puruSa kA udaya huA. vaha parama bauddhika aura vicAraka thA. usane tatkAlIna zramaNoM ke bhayaMkara patana ko dekhA, to usakA lauhapuruSa vidroha kara uThA. lokAzAha ne dharmagraMthoM kA adhyayana prArambha kiyA, use nirAkAra kI antaHsalilA kA ninAda sunAI dene lagA. usane adhika tatparatA va lagana se AgamoM kA gahana evaM sUkSma adhyayana aura cintana kiyA. lokAzAha ko patA lagA Jain EOS www.janelibrary.org
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________________ 34 : muni zrohajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya Ye Zheng Ye Cha Ye Ye Zheng Zheng Lai Ban An Ban Ban Ye Cha Zheng Cha Xie Ban Ye ki dharma kI AtmA ADaMbara evaM daMbha ke AvaraNa meM chipa gaI hai ! use prakAza meM lAnA hI isa samaya sabase bar3I zAsanasevA hai. kahA jAtA hai ki isake bAda loMkAzAha ne kAphI samaya taka pada yAtrA karate huye apane vicAroM kA zaMkhanAda sarvatra sunAyA. unake vicAroM ko AzAtIta samarthana milA. ArAdhya kI mUrti sthApita na karake eka sthAnavizeSa meM sAmUhika rUpa meM yA vyaktigata rUpa meM nirAkAra upAsanA karane ke kAraNa unake anugAmiyoM kA sampradAya sthAnakavAsI sampradAya kahalAyA. isa artha meM jainadharma meM sAkAra aura nirAkAra--ye donoM prakAra ke sampradAya haiM. sthAnakavAsI sampradAya nirAkAra kI upAsanA meM vizvAsa rakhatA hai. lokAzAha ke vicArAMzoM meM saMzodhana karake zrIdharmadAsajI. zrIlavajI RSi aura zrIdharmasiMhajI ina tIna mahApuruSoM ne isa sampradAya ko saMvaddhita aura paripuSTa kiyA. tInoM dharma-staMbhoM ke vicAra-AdhAra para hI sthAnakavAsI sampradAya TikA huA hai. AcArya zrIjayamalajI ma0, AcArya zrIdharmadAsajI ma0 kI sampradAya kI kar3I the. thIhajArImalajI ma. bhI isI saMpradAya ke eka ujjvala ratna the. vi0 kI aThArahavIM zatI meM AcArya zrIraghunAthajI mahArAja se dayAdAna ke saiddhAntika praznoM meM vicAra sAmaMjasya sthApita na hone ke kAraNa zrIbhIkhaNajI svAmI ne guru se sambandha tor3akara svataMtra sampradAya 'terApaMthI' ke nAma me sthApita kiyA. AcArya zrIjayamalajI mahArAja zrIbhIkhaNajI ke cacere guru the. AcAryazrI nahIM cAhate the ki bhIkhaNajI guru se vimukha hoM. unhoMne isa sambandha meM paryApta prayatna kiye aura zrIbhIkhaNajI ko samajhAyA bhI, kintu vaisA na ho sakA. zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja apane samAja aura sampradAya ke atyaMta niSThAvAn saMta the. ve kahate the--'manuSya jisa samAja, sampradAya, dharma aura parivAra se jaba taka anubaMdhita ho, usake prati use ImAnadArI ke sAtha kartavya karanA cAhiye.' yaha kahanA unakA korA upadeza hI nahIM thA. vyaktigata rUpa se ve isa para atyanta dRr3ha bhI the. zrIbhIkhaNajI gaNi kI paraMparA ke aSTama AcArya zrIkAlUgaNi kA bar3I pAdU (rAjasthAna) meM Agamana huA. usa samaya pUjya zrIsvAmIjI mahArAja bhI pAdU meM hI virAjita the. zrIkAlUgaNijI ne socA : 'hamAre Adiguru AcArya zrIbhIkhaNajI svAmI ke cacere guru AcAryazrI jayamalajI mahArAja kI sampradAya ke bar3e santa pravartaka zrIhajArImalajI ma0 yahIM virAjamAna haiM. unase milanA cAhiye.' unhoMne apane bhaktoM se kahA--'sthAnakavAsI muni zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja ko yahA~ Ane kA nimaMtraNa de Ao.' bhakta nimaMtraNa dene gaye. prasaMga yahA~ Akara ar3a gayA--'kAlUgaNi munizrI ke nivAsa para AyeM yA munizrI kAlUgaNi ke nivAsa para jAyeM ?' munizrI ne nirNaya diyA--'terApaMthI' sampradAya meM yaha pracArita karane kI prathA hai ki koI bhI sthAnakavAsI muni usa pakSa ke cAhane para bhI milatA hai to yahI pracArita kiyA jAtA hai ki sthAnakavAsI muni kAlagaNi ke darzana karane yA darzanoM kA lAbha lene Aye. jaise bhI ho yaha paraMparA Aja taka rUpa badala kara cala rahI hai, ataH unakI milane sambandhI isa bhAvanA kI to maiM kadra karatA hU~ magara unake nivAsa para nahIM jA sakatA. acchA yahI hai ki ve svayaM hI yahAM padhAra jAyeM.' milane vAlA jisase milanA cAhatA rahA hai vaha usake nivAsa para jAkara hI usase milatA rahA hai. aura isa prakAra se milanA vyavahArya bhI kahalAtA hai. eka dina anya sthAna para donoM muniyoM kA atyaMta snehapUrNa milana huA. AcArya zrIjayamalajI ma0 kI udAratA aura sauhArdabhAva kI carcA huI. 'hama donoM mUlata: cAritrika UrjA ke dhanI A0 raghunAthajI ma. se saMbaMdhita rahe haiM. kAlagata dUrI avazya hai. parantu snehagata dUrI nahIM hai !' isa prakAra ke vArtA-prasaMgoM meM unakI milana-velA premapUrNa DhaMga se saMpanna huI. ghaTanA. saM0 1961, pAdU (rAja.) Jain Education Intemational Forvate & Persoll Use Only
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________________ svAmIjI kI AcAryaparaMparA bhAratIya saMskRti ke jIvanAdhAra santa : santa bhAratIya saMskRti ke jIvanAdhAra haiM. bhArata ke santoM ne adhyAtmavidyA pradAna kara saMsAra ke bhavAraNya meM bhUle-bisaroM ko jIvana kA carama lakSya batAyA hai. Aja adhyAtmavidyA videzoM meM bhI pallavita ho rahI hai. isakA udgamasthala bhArata hai. yaha atizayokti nahIM ki bhArata ke santa anusrotagAmI na banakara pratisrotavAhaka bane aura unhoMne bhogAkula bhayagrasta saMsAra ko, duniyA se svayaM dUra raha kara, dhyAna, dhAraNA, samAdhi aura layAvasthA kI anubhUti kA amRta bAMTa kara saMsAra meM mahanIya upakAra kiyA hai. santa, vicAra meM AcAra aura AcAra meM vicAroM kA pavitra pAvana saMgama hai. santa kA jIvana vicAra, AcAra, vivekakriyA, sAdhanA, saMyama aura tapa Adi kA bahuraMgI citra hai. bhAratIya jana-jIvana, santa kA samAdara karatA hai, usakI pUjA karatA hai. kyoMki santoM ke tapaHpUta jIvana se use preraNA milatI hai. jIvana kI samyag dizA kA subodha prApta hotA hai. ataH santa kA jIvana eka AlokastaMbha hai. usake cAroM ora prakAza-kiraNeM bikhara rahI haiM. santasaMskRti ke prabhAva se bhArata kA samagra bhAga prabhAvita hai. kazmIra se kanyAkumArI taka va aTaka se kaTaka taka sarvatra santajIvana kA saurabha parivyApta hai. dakSiNa bhArata ke jIvaTa ke santa, gujarAta va mahArASTra ke bhaktiparAyaNa saMta, paMjAba ke, uttara bhArata ke va madhyabhArata ke saMtoM kI kIrtikathA aura gauravagAthA sunakara Aja bhI kisa bhadra bhAvanA vAle vyakti kA mastaka zraddhAnata nahIM ho jAtA hai ? aura phira rAjasthAna to eka prakAra se santoM kA hI deza hai. tapa, tyAga kI vikhyAta raNa bhUmi rAjasthAna ke udbhaTa alabele masta santa jo apanI jIvana-jyoti se jana-jana ke mana ko jAgRta karate rahe haiM--kauna unheM bhulA sakegA? jaina jagat ke santa, zrI Anandaghana jI, yogirAja zrIdevacandra jI jaise paNDita puruSa aura zrIyazovijayajI jaise vidvAn santa evaM bhakti ke advitIya kavi vinayacandra jI, bhUdhara jI, dyAnata va daulatarAma jI evaM banArasIdAsajI jaise amara santa jaina samAja meM bhakti yuga ke yazasvI kavi hue haiM. rAjasthAna santabhaktoM kA deza hai. rAjasthAna, jisameM premadIvAnI, snehavihvala mIrAbAI kI sarasa svara-laharI samasta bhArata meM gUMja rahI hai, jisa rAjasthAna meM dAdU kI udAtta vicAradhArA, jisase rASTrIya kavi ravIndra bhI prabhAvita hue haiM, vIra rAjasthAna ke una AdhyAtmika vIra santoM kI amara dena cira navIna hai. rAjasthAna isIliye 'vIra rAjasthAna' ke rUpa meM amara hai ki yahA~ ke nivAsI anyAya ke liye raNa meM adbhuta parAkrama bhI dikhA sakate haiM aura samaya Ane para saMyama ke raNa meM bhI usI vIratA se Age bar3hate haiM. jaba taka rAjasthAna ke santoM kA jAdUbharA saMgIta rAjasthAniyoM kI hattaMtrI ke tAroM ko jhaMkRta karatA rahegA, taba taka niHsaMdeha ve samasta urjasvala atIta ko sAkAra karate raheMge. ylami BREAN Fal HIVAVIKRIT RUITMANSITTINLDER t ... MAITHILI ||1||... 2 . Himottanjinitition.imar A m 11111111111...* Jain Education Intemational
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________________ *************** 36 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : prathama adhyAya rAjasthAna ke santajana lokabhASA ke bahuta bar3e himAyatI rahe haiM. unhoMne sadaiva yaha lakSya apane sAmane rakhA hai ki jisa prAMta meM hameM janatA meM jAgRti utpanna karanI hai usa prAMta meM usI bhASA meM apanI sateja vANI kA prakAza kareM. isa prakAra rAjasthAna ke santoM ne jo saMdeza diye haiM ve nizcaya hI bhAratIya saMskRti ko rAjasthAnI santoM kI amara dena ke rUpa meM sadaiva ullekhanIya raheMge. itanI bhUmikA ke bAda svAmIjI ma0 kI AcArya paramparA aura santaparamparA kA kramazaH ullekha kiyA jAtA hai. cAcArya zrIjayamalajI ma0 AcArya zrIjayamalajI ma0 dharmoddhAraka vIra puruSa zrIdharmadAsajI ma0 kI paramparA ke jyotirdhara santaratna the. unhoMne uphanate yauvana kI tapatI dupaharI meM brahmacarya ke kaThora vrata ko svIkAra kara rAjasthAna kI vIra santaparamparA ko gauravA vita kiyA thA. apane kauTumbika moha ko vizva-prema meM parivartita kara diyA thA aura mAtA sarasvatI ke vinIta putra ke rUpa meM jJAna kI akhaMDa lau prajvalita kI thI. ve mAtA jinavANI kI jIvanaparyanta tyAga, tapasyA, vairAgya Adi ke dvArA upAsanA karate rahe. ApakA janma maru-pradeza ke lAMbiyA grAma meM huA thA. mAtA pitA kA nAma kramazaH mahimAbAI aura mohanadAsajI thA. eka saMbhrAMta parivAra kI kanyA ( zrI lakSmI bAI ) ke sAtha inakA vivAha 22 varSa kI avasthA meM huA thA. dvirAgamana kA samaya navavivAhitoM ke liye umaMgoM kA gulAla barasAtA huA-sA hotA hai. Apake yahA~ bhI dvirAgamana hone vAlA thA. isI bIca mer3atA meM Apako pUjya zrIbhUdharajI ma0 kA vairAgyamUlaka upadeza zravaNa karane kA svarNa avasara milA. munizrI ke mukha se sudarzana seTha ke brahmacarya vrata kI mahimA kA saMgIta sunA. vicAra badale jIvana badalA. pUjya zrI bhUdharajI ma0 se dIkSA pradAna karane kI vinatI kI. bhUdhara jI ma0 ne kahA- 'jIvana ke mahAn nirNaya ko isa prakAra sahasA kaise kara rahe ho ?' jayamalajI ne kahA : 'nirNaya to sahasA aura eka sAtha hI hote haiM. pyAsa lagI ho taba pAnI pIne ke lie socane-vicArane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI. antataH mer3atA meM hI rahakara parivAra kI anumati prApta kI, aura saM0 1787 kI magasira kRSNA dvitIyA ko muni dIkSA grahaNa kI. to dvirAgamana kA ullAsa bhI saMyamavIra ke patha kA avarodhaka tattva na bana sakA. navadIkSita jayamala jI ne munijIvana kI sAdhanA ke sAtha-sAtha hI jJAnopAsanA bhI prArambha kI. Age calakara lokagItoM va sAmAjika raMgamaMca para pracalita dhunoM kI rAgoM meM svAnubhUtimUlaka vipula sAhitya sRjana kiyA. inake bhakti, vairAgya stuti, upadeza evaM tAttvika viSayoM ke phuTakala pada Aja rAjasthAna ke vibhinna jJAnAgAroM meM pAe jAte haiM. 'jayavANI' ke nAma se inakI racanAoM kA eka bRhat saMgraha san 1960 meM AgarA se prakAzita ho cukA hai. AcAryazrI ke jIvana aura vyaktitva ke sambandha meM DA0 narendra bhAnAvata kA prastuta graMtha meM prakAzita nibaMdha yatheSTa prakAza DAlatA hai. zrAcArya zrIrAyacandrajI uttarAdhikAra bhautika aura AdhyAtmika do prakAra kA hotA hai. bhautika, cala-acala sampatti ke rUpa meM hotA hai, jaba ki AdhyAtmika uttarAdhikAra tapa, tyAga evaM saMyama kA hotA hai. jisako uttarAdhikArI banAyA jAtA hai usake vicAra aura AcAra se yaha prakaTa hotA hai. AcArya zrIjayamalajI ne saMgha vyavasthA kA dAyitva rAyacandra jI ko saM0 1846 meM yuvAcArya ghoSita karake pradAna kara diyA thA. apanA uttarAdhikArI niyukta karate samaya AcAryazrI ne saMgha ke samakSa kahA 'maiM Aja 'yuvAcAryapada rAyacandra jI ko pradAna
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________________ MNRNIRMWARRORAMMARS muni zrImizrImala 'madhukara' : jIvana vRtta : 37 karatA hU~. yaha samaya inake pUrvAbhyAsa kA hai. maiM anubhava kara rahA hU~ ki ye AcArya pada ke uttaradAyitva ko dakSatApUrvaka nibhA sakate haiM. saMgha inake netRtva meM ratnatraya kI vRddhi karatA huA AdhyAtmika patha para niraMtara bar3hatA rahe, yahI merI Antarika abhilASA hai. AcAryazrI rAyacandra jI kA janma, saM0 1796 Asauja zuklA ekAdazI ko jodhapura meM huA thA. mAtA nandAdevI aura pitA vijayarAja dhAr3IvAla the. inhoMne kizorAvasthA va yauvanAvasthA ke saMdhisthala para khar3e hokara munidIkSA kA bhISma nirNaya kiyA thA. svAmI zrI goradhanadAsa jI dvArA saM0 1814 ASAr3ha zuklA ekAdazI ko mAravAr3a ke prasiddha purAtana nagara pIpAr3a meM bhAgavatI dIkSA grahaNa kI thI. 36 varSa 10 mAha aura 6 dina taka munijIvana ke kaThora vidhi-niSedhoM meM rahakara AcArya jayamala jI kI dRSTi meM yuvAcArya pada kI yogyatA prApta kara lI thI. samagra muni jIvana 54 varSa 6 mAha aura 18 dina taka atyanta dRr3hatApUrvaka vyatIta kiyA. inake vairAgyodgama kI kahAnI atyaMta adbhuta hai. kizora aura yauvana avasthA ke madabhare dina the. mAtA-pitA ne suzIla kanyA se pANigrahaNa karane kI taiyArI kara lI thI. svajana-parijana paryApta mAtrA meM upasthita ho gaye the. ghara meM striyA~ maMgalagIta gA rahI thIM. ar3osa-par3osa se vivAha kI zubha kAmanA svarUpa bhojana (biMdolA) ke nimaMtraNa vaza ghara-ghara kramazaH bhojana karane jAnA par3atA thA eka dina (biMdolA ArogaNane paDosI re ghare padhArayA hA) bhojana karate-karate akasmAt vairAgya bhAva ke aMkura phUTa par3e. vivAha kI taiyArI jahA~ kI tahA~ raha gaI aura thor3e hI dinoM bAda dIkSA kA biMdolA prAraMbha ho gayA aura Apa munivrata dhAraNa kara vIravatI bana gaye. inhoMne jJAnadhana kA vipula arjana kiyA thA. darzanazAstra par3hA. lakSaNagraMthoM para adhikAra prApta kiyA. vaha yuga, padya kI pratiSThA kA yuga thA. ataH inhoMne tattvAtmaka, upadezAtmaka, stutyAtmaka evaM kathAtmaka padyoM kI rAjasthAnI bhASA meM racanA kI. ve racanAe~ rAjasthAna ke vibhinna prAcIna bhaNDAroM meM Aja taka barAbara milatI jA rahI haiM. parantu isa yaMtrayuga meM bhI koI aisA anveSaka nahIM utprerita huA jisane prAcIna muniyoM kI mUlyavAna racanAoM ko prakAzita kara janatA ke samakSa upasthita kiyA ho. maiMne inakI vipula racanAoM kA eka saMgraha 'rAyaracanA' ke nAma se taiyAra kiyA hai jo zIghra prakAza meM Ane vAlA hai. Apane 7 bhavyAtmAoM ko dIkSA pradAna kara unakI zikSA-dIkSA, tapa, tyAga, vairAgya Adi kA dAyitva vahana kiyA thA. ApakI sampUrNa Ayu 72 varSa 3 mAha kI thI. saM0 1868 mAghakRSNa caturdazI ko dehotsarga kiyA. prAcArya zrIvAsakaraNajI AcArya zrI rAyacandra jI ne saMvat 1857 ASAr3ha kRSNA paMcamI ke dina zrIAsakaraNa jI ma0 ko yuvAcArya pada pradAna kiyA. nirIkSaNa karate rahe ki AcArya-pada kA mahAn dAyitva parivahana karane meM ye kitane sakSama haiM. kAlAMtara meM AcAryazrI ko vizvAsa ho calA ki AcArya-pada kA uttaradAyitva ye kuzalatApUrvaka vahana kara sakeMge. AcArya zrIrAyacandrajI ma. ke svargavAsa ke pazcAt Apane saM0 1868 mAgha pUrNimA ke dina mer3atA meM AcArya-pada grahaNa kiyA. jayagaccha suyogya netRtva prApta kara pramudita huA AcArya zrIAsakaraNajI kA janma, tivarI (timarapura rAja0)meM saMvat 1812 mArgazIrSa kRSNa dvitIyA ko huA thA. mAtA gIgAde aura pitA rUpacandra jI botharA the. inakA gRhI jIvana sAr3e solaha varSa rahA. AcArya zrIjayamalajI ma. dvArA saM0 1830 vaizAkha kRSNA paMcamI ko tivarI meM munidIkSA dhAraNa kI thI. inake vairAgyodgama kI kahAnI bar3I mahattvapUrNa hai. AsakaraNajI ke vAgdAna kI taiyArI ho cukI thI. mAtA parama prasanna thI. mere ghara meM jisa cAMda-sI bahUrAnI kA Agamana honevAlA hai, usake abhibhAvaka Aja vAgdAna kara vacanabaddha hoMge. 40
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________________ 38 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya ENSEENNEWS2482889NNNN sAtha hI mujhe samadhina ke mIThe rizte kA lAbha hogA. ve vacana dekara ghara ke saba sadasyoM se apanatva sambandha sthApita kareMge. pitA ullasita ho rahe the ki mere beTe ko jIvanasaMginI milane vAlI hai. mujhe samadhI mileMge. parijana moda manA rahe the ki Aja ke bAda AsakaraNa jI ke vivAha kI sImArekhA aMkita hone vAlI hai. isa prakAra saba kI taiyArI va prasannatA AsakaraNa jI para AdhArita ho cukI thI. AsakaraNa jI ke mana ke himAlaya se vairAgya kI gaMgA avatarita hokara hRdaya meM samAhita ho calI thI. sabakI AzA ke sunahare tAra kacce dhAgoM kI taraha TUTa gaye. AsakaraNajI ke vairAgya kA svapna sAkAra huA. unhoMne hAr3amAMsa kI putalI ke badale virakti ke sAtha sagapana kiyA. mAtA-pitA va anya janoM ke svapna bhaMga ho gaye. kAlAMtara meM muni pada kI vidhavat dIkSA grahaNa kI. jainAgamoM kA gaharA adhyayana kiyA. tapa-tyAga, saMyama kA vimala mana se 52 varSa se bhI kucha adhika samaya taka samyak paripAlana kiyA. inakA kRtitvapakSa bhI AcArya zrIrAyacandrajI ma0 kI taraha atyaMta prANavAn thA. mAravAr3a ke prAcIna jJAnAgAroM meM Apake dvArA racita vibhinna viSaya ke utpreraka pada Aja taka upalabdha hote jA rahe haiM. 20 viharamAna, 11 gaNadhara, 24 tIrthaMkara va 16 satiyoM kI stuti meM stutiparaka pada to race hI, inake alAvA anya tAttvika viSayoM para bhI padyaracanA kI. inake aba taka upalabdha padyoM kA 'AsakaraNapadAvalI' ke nAma se eka vizAla saMgraha kiyA jA cukA hai jo nikaTa bhaviSya meM hI prakAza meM Ane vAlA hai. Age anveSaNa cAlU hai. 10 bhavyAtmAoM ko munijIvana kI dIkSA pradAna kI. sampUrNa jIvana 70 varSa kA thA, 1882 kI kArtika kRSNA paMcamI ko dehotsarga huA. prAcArya zrIsabaladAsajI AcArya zrIAsakaraNa jI ma0 ne paramparA se calI A rahI yuvAcArya-pada kI paddhati kA samyak nirvAha karate huye zrIsabaladAsa jI ma0 ko saM0 1881 kI caitra zuklA pUrNimA kI prabhAta-velA meM yuvAcArya-pada pradAna kiyA. saM0 1982 kI mAghazuklA trayodazI ko jodhapura meM AcArya-pada prApta huA. saMghavyavasthA kA dAyitva Apake kaMdhoM para A gayA. AcArya zrIsabaladAsajI ma0 kA janma saM0 1828 bhAdrapada zuklA dvAdazI ko pokaraNa nagara meM huA thA. mAtA sundara devI aura pitA AnandarAma jI luNiyA the. inhoMne mArgazIrSa zuklA tRtIyA ko bucakalA grAma meM AcArya zrIrAyacandrajI ke dvArA saM0 1842 meM munidIkSA dhAraNa kI thI. tIna dazaka se kucha adhika samaya taka munijIvana kI kaThora sAdhanA ho cUkane para AcArya kI dRSTi meM Apane yuvAcArya-pada kI yogyatA prApta kI. ardhazatI se kucha adhika samaya taka samagra muni jIvana vyatIta kiyA. tIna ziSyoM ko svayaM dIkSA pradAna kI. Apa apane samaya ke bahuta acche kavi the. Aja taka ke Apake prApta padoM ke AdhAra para nissaMkoca kahA jA sakatA hai ki Apako chandaHzAstra kA Thosa jJAna thA. pUrvavartI AcAryoM kI tulanA meM ApakA padya sAhitya yadyapi svalpa hI upalabdha huA hai parantu anveSaNa kI mahatI AvazyakatA hai. lekhaka isa dizA meM prayatnazIla hai. ina kA dehotsarga saM0 1903 meM sojata (zuddha daMtIpura) nagara meM vaizAkha zuklA navamI ko huA thA. prAcArya zrIhIrAcandra jI AcArya zrIsabaladAsajI ma0 yuvAcArya-pada para AsIna rahe the. parantu unake pazcAt kisI AcArya ko pahale yuvAcAryapada pradAna kiyA gayA ho, aisA koI ullekha nahIM milatA. zrI hIrAcandra jI ma0 ASAr3ha zuklA navamI saM0 1903 meM AcArya pada para jodhapura meM pratiSThita hue. AcArya zrIhIrAcandra jI kA janma saM0 1854 bhAdrapada zuklA paMcamI ko virAIgrAma (rAja.) meM huA thA. mAtA gumAnA devI aura pitA narasiMha jI kAMkariyA the. dasaveM varSa meM vairAgya kA udgama ho gayA thA. AcArya zrIAsakaraNajI ke dvArA TION MAAVAT TamaALIRATRArorea amuTHAIm ORIANTRA ga HAKAA Jain Melavery.orgi
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________________ Jain muni zrI mizrImala 'madhukara': jIvana-vRtta : 36 saM0 0 1864 Azvina kRSNA tRtIyA ko sojata nagara meM munidIkSA grahaNa kI. dIkSoparAMta vibhinna viSayoM kA adhyayana kiyA. apane dvArA svIkRta AcAradharma kA arddhazatAbdI se bhI kucha adhika samaya taka sudRr3ha mana se pAlana kiyA. Apane bAlavaya meM hI dIkSA dhAraNa kI thI. inheM vairAgya kina paristhitiyoM meM utpanna huA thA, isa bAre meM kucha bhI adhikRta rUpa se jJAta nahIM hotA hai. ApakA chanda alaMkAra sambandhI jJAna prasiddha hai. padya racanAe~ kama hI milI haiM. para jo milI haiM ve paripUrNa haiM. anveSakoM se anurodha hai ki jahA~ bhI ApakI racanAe~ prApta ho sakeM, unheM prakAza meM lAne kA prayAsa kareM. ApakI sampUrNa Ayu 66 varSa kI rahI. saM0 1620 phAlguna kRSNA saptamI ko Apa svargavAsI huye. AcArya zrIkastUracandrajI AcArya zrIsabaladAsajI ma0 ne yuvAcArya pada pradAna karane kI paramparA uThA dI thI, ataH AcArya zrIkastUracandrajI ma0 saM0 1920 phAlguna zuklA paMcamI ko saMgha dvArA AcArya pada para pratiSThita hue. AcArya zrIkastUracandrajI kA janma 01018 kI phAlguna kRSNA tRtIyA ko bisalapura meM huA thA. gAtA kundanAde aura pitA narasiMha jI the. AcArya hIrAcandrajI dvArA pAlI nagara meM munidIkSA dhAraNa kara saMyama ke agnipatha para Apa bar3hate rahe. saMyama kI bATa meM AI aneka bAdhAoM para sAhasa pUrvaka vijaya prApta kI. ApakA gRhIjIvana 6 varSa 1 mAsa aura 16 dina kA thA - aisA spaSTa ullekha pAyA jAtA hai. muni jIvana, 61 varSa 6 mAha aura 21 dina kA rahA hai. samagra jIvanAyu 70 varSa ke lagabhaga hai. isa prakAra dIkSA kA saM0 1607 phalita hotA hai. inhoMne 5 bhavyAtmAoM ko munijIvana kI dIkSA pradAna kI thI. Apake dvArA koI sAhitya racA gayA yA nahIM, isa viSaya meM abhI taka koI jAnakArI prApta nahIM ho sakI hai. sambhava hai| apane pUrva AcAryoM kI paramparA kA nirvAha karate hue Apane bhI kucha racanAe~ kI hoM, jo kinhIM graMthAgAroM meM dabI par3I hoM. prAcArya zrIbhIkhamacandrajI sAtaveM AcArya zrI bhIkhamacandra jI ma0 bhAdrapada zuklA pUrNimA saM0 1960 meM AcArya pada para AsIna hue. mAravAr3a kI prasiddha rAjadhAnI jodhapura meM Apako AcArya pada pradAna kiyA gayA thA. ApakA janma, mAtA jIvanade kI ratnakukSi se huA thA. pitA kA nAma ratnacandra thA, baraloTA gotra ke the. mUthAjI ke nAma se adhika prakhyAta the. AcArya zrIkastUracandrajI ke dvArA munidIkSA grahaNa kI thI. Apa janmajAta vairAgI the. Apane kumAra vaya meM hI saMyama vrata svIkAra kara liyA thA. Apake do ziSya huye the. zrI kAnamala jI atIva pratibhAzAlI the. Age calakara ve hI Apake uttarAdhikArI huye. janma, AcArya pada va svargavAsa saMvat se dIkSA saM0 kA anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai. saM0 1965 kI vaizAkha kRSNA paMcamI ApakA dehotsarga divasa hai. zrAcArya zrIkAnamalajI AcArya bhIkhamacandra jI ma0 ke pazcAt Apake suyogya ziSya muni kAnamala jI ko saM0 1965 kI jyeSThazuklA dvAdazI ko kucerA ( kUrmapura) meM AcArya pada pradAna kara jayagaccha kA AdhyAtmika zAsana sauMpA gayA. inakA janma saM0 1948 kI mAgha zuklA pUrNimA ke dina dhavA gA~va meM huA thA. mAtA tIjAde, pitA agarAjI pArikha the. AcArya bhIkhamacandra jI dvArA 1662 kI kArtika zuklA aSTamI ko mahAmaMdira (jodhapura) meM laghu vaya meM hI Apane munidrata svIkAra kiyA thA. 22 varSa muni jIvana ke rUpa meM vyatIta kiye. Apake bAre meM eka vizeSa ullekhanIya ghaTanA yaha hai ki sirpha tIna varSa kI dIkSAparyAya ke pazcAt hI Apa AcArya pada para pratiSThita hue. isase jJAta hotA hai ki Apa meM asAdhAraNa yogyatA, saMyamaniSThA aura suzAsana kI adbhuta yogyatA thI. OM 20033083108308 304 30838308 3082304308 brary.org
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________________ 40 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya 2ECKNEW390106908889XXNNER jJAtavya yaha hai ki AcArya jayamala jI ma0 ke paTTa para AsIna honevAle sabhI AcArya avivAhita the. kisI kA vAgdAna hone vAlA thA to kisI kA vAgdAna ho cukA thA aura unhoMne muni dIkSA grahaNa kara lI thI. prAraMbha ke tIna AcAryoM ke atirikta sabhI AcArya bAlyAvasthA meM dIkSita hue the. kisa AtmA meM kitanI tejasvitA chupI huI hai, yaha usake bAlarUpa ko dekhakara anumAna karanA asaMbhava lagatA hai. Arambha meM sAdhAraNa pratIta honevAle ina tejasvI santoM ne bar3I zAna ke sAtha apanI pAvana paramparA kA nirvAha kiyA aura jinazAsana ko jana-jana taka pahu~cAne meM mahattvapUrNa yoga pradAna kiyA hai. yaha isa sampradAya kI apanI eka maulika vizeSatA rahI hai. vikrama saMvat 1985 meM AcArya zrIkAnamala jI mahArAja ke svargavAsa ke pazcAt saM0 1986 meM mAravAr3a ke prasiddha nagara pAlI meM chaha sampradAyoM ke munivaroM kA eka sammelana Ayojita huA. usameM isa sampradAya kI suvyavasthA ke lie zraddheya muni zrIhajArImala jI mahArAja ko pravartaka-pada pradAna kiyA gayA aura svAmI jI zrIcauthamala jI maMtrI pada para AsIna kiye gaye. kucha samaya taka yaha vyavasthA cAlU rahI, kiMtu sampradAya ke pramukha vicArazIla sajjanoM kA vicAra thA ki jaba sampradAya meM vidvAn munirAja vidyamAna haiM to phira AcArya-pada kI riktatA kI pUtti kyoM na kI jAya ? tadanusAra unakA prayAsa prArambha huA aura vi0 saM0 2004 meM nAgaura nagara meM zramaNasaMghIya prAntamaMtrI paM0 20 muni zrImizrImala jI ma0 (madhukara) bhArI samAroha ke sAtha nauveM AcArya ke pada para pratiSThita kiye gaye aura zrI AcArya jasavantamala jI ma. nAma se abhihita kiye gae. sampradAya ke itihAsa meM saMskRta-prAkRta Adi bhASAoM tathA vyAkaraNa, sAhitya evaM darzanazAstra Adi ke viziSTa jJAtA vidvAn kA netRtva pada para AnA eka navIna ghaTanA thI. Apake netRtva meM sampradAya kA vizeSa utkarSa hogA, aisI AzA thI. kiMtu paristhitiyA~ kucha aisI nirmita huI ki AcArya zrIjasavantamalajI ma0 kI zAMtipriya evaM sAdhanAzIla prakRti ne AcArya-pada para na rahane kA nirNaya kiyA. anekAneka santoM evaM zrAvakoM ke anunaya-vinaya ko bhI ThukarA kara Apane pada tyAga kara diyA. tatpazcAt vahI pravartakaparamparA punaH pracalita huI. vi0 saM0 2006 meM sAdar3I (mAravAr3a) meM akhila bhAratIya sthA0 muniyoM kA bRhat sammelana huA, jisake sarvasammata nirNayAnusAra anya sampradAyoM ke sAtha isa sampradAya kA bhI zramaNasaMgha meM vilInIkaraNa ho gayA. --saMpAdaka Jain Education Intemational
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________________ svAmIjI kA vaMza paricaya svAmI zrImalajI ma0 AcArya zrIjayamallajI ma0' ke 51 ziSya hone kA ullekha milatA hai. unake 16 ziSyoM ke nAma bhI pAe jAte haiM. svAmI zrIgoradhanajI ma0 AcAryazrI ke jyeSTha ziSya the. muni zrIrAyacandrajI Apake pratibhAvAn tArkika va carcAvAdI ziSya the. Apako saMgha dvArA jayagaccha kA AcArya pada pradAna kiyA gayA thA. Apa dvitIya AcArya the. apane samaya ke jyotistaMbha the. Apake 5 ziSya huye. pradhAna ziSya zrIAsakaraNajI the. AcArya rAyacandrajI ke bAda Apa tIsare AcArya hue. Apake 10 ziSya the. zrIbudhamalajI ma0 pAMcaveM ziSya mAne jAte the. svAmI zrImalajI ma0 kA janma jodhapura samIpastha tuSAra grAma meM huA thA. mAtA pannA aura pitA zrIkaracandrajI the. Apake mAtA-pitA va svayaM isa prakAra tInoM ne bhAgavatI dIkSA dhAraNa kI thI. ApakI stuti va prazasti meM kaviyoM ne jo padya racanA kI hai usameM Apake mAtA-pitA aura svayaM Apake dIkSita hone kA vistAra se ullekha pAyA jAtA hai. Apake hI ziSya svAmI zrIphakIracandrajI ma0 ke ullekhAnusAra jodhapura ke rAjA mAnasiMhajI aura navAba mIrakhAna meM yuddha huA. grAma meM jIvana kI surakSA meM sandeha utpanna hone lagA. zrIkapUracandra jI saparivAra jugAra se jodhapura Agaye. donoM bhUpatiyoM meM saMgharSa chir3A huA thA. eka dina mIrakhAna pakSa kI ora se calAyA gayA topa golA pannAjI ke barAbara se gujarA. pannAjI ko zArIrika hAni to nahIM huI, kevala unake vastra bhulasa gaye. yaha golA zrIpannAjI ke vairAgya meM nimitta bana gayA. jayagacchIya zrIgIgAjI sAdhvI ke pAsa pannAjIne jayapura meM dIkSA dhAraNa kara lI. zrIkapUracandrajI kA mana bhI nirveda meM Dhala gayA, sAtha hI putra kA bhI. AcArya zrI AsakaraNajI ma0 una dinoM jodhapura meM virAjamAna the. pitA-putra AcAryazrI kI ne pitA-putra ke vairAgya- mUlaka mana kI gaharAI nApI aura donoM ko saM0 1869 kI pauSa (jodhapura) meM dIkSA pradAna kI. dIkSAnaMtara svAmI zrI budhamalajI ne jainAgamoM kA adhyayana kiyA. pahale jaisI paraMparA thI tadanusAra jainAgamoM va anya 1. svAmIjI ke vaMzaparicaya ke prasaMga meM A0 jayamallajI, A0 rAyacandrajI, A0 AsakaraNajI kA paricaya Avazyaka hai. yaha anyatra AcArya paraMparA meM diyA jA cukA hai. ataH yahAM svAmI budhamalajI ma0 se hajArImalajI taka ke atIta parivAra kA paricaya prastuta kiyA gayA hai. Tejalai lotolo sevA meM pahu~ce. AcAryazrI zuklA SaSThI ko mahAmaMdira 101010101 olol elolololololol
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________________ 42 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya graMthoM ko kalApUrNa DhaMga se lipibaddha kiyA / Apake jIvana kI sarvAdhika vizeSatA yaha thI ki Apa niraMtara zrutasAdhanA meM nimagna rahate the. jIvana meM sadaiva apramatta bhAva kI upAsanA meM lIna rahe. eka minaTa bhI vyartha khonA Apako iSTa nahIM thA. yahI kAraNa hai ki Apake likhita graMtha Aja bhI vipula mAtrA meM pAe jAte haiM. paravartI aneka vidvAn santa-satiyoM ne Apake paricaya evaM prazasti ke rUpa meM padya-racanA kI hai sundarAkSarasaMyukta-zAstra-lekhana-tatparam , budhamallaM-mahArAja vande bhaktipurassaram / Apane 32 AgamoM kI aneka bAra pratilipiyA~ manoyogapUrvaka kI thIM. Aja bhI Apa dvArA likhita graMtha sthAna-sthAna para khoja karane para pAe jAte haiM. jJAnArAdhanA meM atyaMta nirata rahate hue Apa saMyamasAdhanA meM bhI AsthAvAn the. saMyama kA atyaMta dRr3hatApUrvaka Apane pAlana kiyA. saM0 1926 vaizAkha zuklA dazamI ke dina nAgaura nagara meM vidhivat saMlekhanA karake svargavAsI huye. svAmI zrIphakIracandrajI mahArAja Apa svAmI zrIbudhamalajI ma0 ke ekamAtra vidvAn ziSya the. ApakA janma jodhapura samIpastha visalapura grAma meM huA thA. mAtA kundanA ke aMgajAta aura pitA zrInarasiMhadAsajI ke Atmaja the, Apake eka choTe bhAI the jo isI gaccha meM AcArya kastUracandra jI ma0 ke nAma se vikhyAta the. putroM aura patnI ko asamaya meM hI tyAga kara thInarasiMhadAsajI svargavAsI hue. Apake pUre parivAra ne, jisameM patnI bhI sammilita thIM, jina dharma kI dIkSA dhAraNa kI. svAmIjI kI adhyavasAyazIla prakRti ke bAre meM likhe gaye aneka padoM meM se eka isa prakAra hai vinaya karI gurudeva rijhAvI, bhaNyA aMga sArA, cheda mUla upAMga painnA liyA kaMTha-dhArA / vyAkaraNa chaMda jyotiSa svarodaya aura veda myArA, purANa kurAna ne DiMgala piMgala, nyAya nAmamAlA / jainAgamoM ke aMga upAMga Adi kA sUkSma manana kiyA. AgamoM ke atirikta anya dharmoM ke granyoM kA bhI gahana adhyayana kiyA. ApakA vyAkaraNa saMbaMdhI jJAna gaMbhIra mUlyavAn thA. Apa saMskRta ke udbhaTa vidvAn the. yahI kAraNa hai ki Apake pAsa anya sampradAyoM ke santa bhI adhyayana karane meM gaurava kA anubhava karate the. mUrtipUjaka zvetAmbara sampradAya ke prasiddha AcArya zrIvijayAnandajI sUri (AtmArAmajI) ne sampradAya parivartana kara lene ke pazcAt bhI ApakI viziSTa vidvattA kI khyAti se prabhAvita va AkRSTa hokara vyAkaraNa Adi kA adhyayana kiyA thA. saurASTra ke prasiddha santa tapasvI zrI mANakacandajI rAjasthAna meM Aye aura Apake nikaTa lagabhaga do varSa taka rahakara vyAkaraNa Adi kA adhyayana karate rahe, tapasvI zrImANakacandrajI ma0 ke gurjara bhASA meM prakAzita bRhad jIvana-caritra meM svAmI zrIphakIracandrajI ma0 kI advitIya vidvattA ke bAre meM paryApta vistAra se ullekha kiyA gayA hai. Apa prakhara tArkika aura udbhaTa carcAvAdI bhI the. kiMtu ApakI tattvacarcA kabhI manomAlinya kA kAraNa nahIM banI. tattvacarcA, tarka aura pramANoM ke AdhAra para bar3I kuzala va tarkasaMgata karate the. terApaMthI (jainoM kI eka upazAkhA) sampradAya ke muniyoM ke sAtha bhI Apane tattvacarcA apane samaya meM kI thI. terApaMthiyoM ke gar3ha lADanU meM varSAvAsa karanA prabala 1. kizanagar3ha Adi sthAnoM meM. www.jairielibrary.org
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________________ muni zrImizrImala 'madhukara' : jIvana-vRtta : 43 prabhAva, una jaise saMyamazIla aura prakANDa paNDita aura tattvajJAnI ke lie hI saMbhava thA. ApakA lADanU-cArtumAsa dharmaprabhAvanA kI dRSTi se bar3A saphala rahA. aneka bhAiyoM aura bAiyoM ko dayA-dAna kA upadeza dekara jinAjJAmUlaka sanmArga pradarzita kiyA. Apake pazcAt hI pUjya zrIjavAharalAlajI ma0 ko isa kSetra meM saphalatA kA gaurava prApta huA thA. usa yuga ke asAdhAraNa pratibhAzAlI ina vidvAn saMtaziromaNi ne caitra kRSNA trayodazI ke dina samAdhimaraNapUrvaka byAvara nagara meM dehotsarga kiyA. 9824929092002222222 svAmI zrIjorAvaramalajI ma. Apa svAmI zrIphakIracandra jI ma0 ke sabase choTe pratibhAvAna ziSya the. ApakA janma sihu (jodhapura) kI pavitra dharatI para vikrama saMvat 1636 kI vaizAkha zuklA tRtIyA ke dina mAtA maganA bAI kI ratnakukSi se huA thA. Apa zrIriddhakaraNajI ke Atmaja the. saM0 1644 kI akSayatRtIyA ke zubha muhUrta meM svAmI zrIphakIracandra jI ke dvArA munidIkSA grahaNa kI thI. ApakI yaha dIkSA jayagacchIya paraMparA ke gauravazAlI nagara nAgaura meM huI. dIkSAgrahaNoparAMta saMskRta vyAkaraNa, Agama, TIkA cUNi, chandaHzAstra, jyotiSa aura nyAyazAstra kA gahana adhyayana kiyA. adhyayana ke sAtha-sAtha sukSma citana karanA Apake jIvana kI eka ullekhanIya vizeSatA thI. prabuddha evaM gabhIra citana kA svAbhAvika pariNAma yaha huA ki sampradAya meM rahate hue bhI Apake vicAroM meM virATatA AgaI aura Apa samanvayavAdI ho gaye. Apako lagA ki saba dharmoM kA lakSya eka hI hai. Apake jIvana meM samanvayavRtti ke mahattvapUrNa kAryoM kI eka lambI sacI juDI haI hai. sAmAjika kSetra meM mAnava ke sarvAMgINa vikAsa para socanA aura use kAryarUpa meM pariNata karanA hI anta meM Apane apane lokahita kA mUlAdhAra banA liyA thaa| Apane kacerA Deha nAgaura Adi kSetroM meM harijanoM ke sammAna kA prabhAvazAlI Andolana prArambha kiyA thA. saM0 1665 kA prasaMga ullekhya hai. sAdhAraNatayA sarvatra hI harijanoM ko jUThana dene kI paraMparA hai. svAmIjI ko yaha vyavahAra mAnavajAti kA ghora apamAna pratIta huA. unhoMne kucerA, nAgaura Deha Adi kSetroM meM harijanoM ke sammAna kA prabhAvazAlI Andolana prArambha kiyA. sarvaprathama kucerA meM anudina ke pravacanoM meM isakA virodha kiyA. nirantara ke pravacanoM ke pariNAmasvarUpa kucerA ke jaina bandhuoM ne harijanoM ko jhUThA bhojana na dene kI pratijJA kI. sAtha hI unheM zuddha bhojana amaka parimANa meM dene kA bhI nizcaya kiyA. isake bAda meM jahA~ kahIM bhI Apa padhAre sarvatra isa burAI ke unmUlana ke liye prayatnazIla rahe. munizrI dvArA kiye gaye antyajoddhAra ke kArya kI ulaTI pratikriyA huI. harijana-bandhu munizrI ke pAsa Aye aura bole-'mahArAja, Apane yaha kyA kiyA? pahale hameM adhika mAtrA meM bhojana prApta hotA thA aura aba sImita hI milatA hai. ApakA yaha sudhAra hamAre kisa kAma AyA ?' svAmIjI ma. ne harijana-bandhuoM kI bAta sunI aura vicAroM meM gahare utara gae. 'manuSya kitanA hIna bhAvoM meM Daba jAtA hai. use apane mAnavIya mahattva kA bhI bhAna nahIM rahatA hai. saca hai, dAsatA manuSya ke zarIra para hI nahIM, mana, vANI aura AtmA para bhI chA jAtI hai. jaba aura jina paristhitiyoM meM isa prathA kA prArambha huA hogA usa samaya avazya ina logoM ke mana meM yaha bhA hogA ki hameM ucchiSTa bhojana diyA jAtA hai. dhIre-dhIre ve vicAra mara gaye. dAsatA aura dInatA inake dimAga para Aja kisa kadara savAra ho gaI hai ki zuddha bhojana mila rahA hai to bhI ucchiSTa bhojana ke binA inheM santoSa nahIM mila rahA hai. dainya kitanA bar3A pApa hai. vaha mAnava ko apanA mUlya aura mahattva bhI nahIM A~kane detA hai. Aja unhIM ke hita kI bAta meM unheM hAni dikhAI de rahI hai...' munizrI ne Agata harijana-bandhuoM ko samajhAyA--'manuSya-manuSya saba samAna haiM. varNa vibhAjana kA uddezya samAja kI suvyavasthA thA. suvyavasthA karane meM jisake hisse meM jo kArya AtA hai, use vaha kArya karanA hotA hai. Apa loga sevA
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________________ 142850202000000000000002 44 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya kArya karane lage, kintu dhIre-dhIre samAja se alaga ho gaye. Aja sthiti yaha ki Apa ucchiSTa bhojana ke Adhikya ko mahattva dene lage aura apane svAbhimAna ko bhulA baiThe. Apa samajhate haiM ki maiMne Apako ghATe meM DAla diyA hai, para yaha mata samajhanA ki Apake adhikAra chinavAne kA prayatna kiyA hai. agara Apa loga aisA samajhate haiM to yaha galata hai. maiM cAhatA hU~ ki ApakA suSupta svAbhimAna jAgrata ho. ApakI mAnavatA U~cI uThe. aura Apa apane ko kulIna kahe jAne vAloM kI koTi meM hI anubhava kareM. svaccha bhojana prApta karanA ApakA svAbhAvika adhikAra hai. Apako yaha adhikAra prApta karanA hI cAhiye. harijana-bandhuoM ke gale bAta utara gaI. svAmIjI dvArA mAnava adhikAra kI vyAkhyA se ve atyadhika prabhAvita huye. kucerA ke samIpa hI Deha grAma meM bhI svAmIjI ne ukta Andolana ko usI samaya calAyA aura saphalatA prApta kI / yaha prasaMga pacAsa varSa se bhI adhika pUrva kA hai| prAcArya zrIjavAharalAla jI mane bhI isa Andolana ko Age bar3hAne kA prayAsa kiyA. svAmIjI ma. ke gurudeva jaba taka rahe taba taka Apane apane ko sarvatobhAvena unake caraNoM meM arpita kiye rakhA. Apane mana meM yaha nizcaya kara rakhA thA ki guru ma0 jaba taka vidyamAna haiM taba taka unakI sevA aura adhyayana hI merA pradhAna kArya rahegA. guru ma0 ke svargavAsa ke pazcAt Apane rAjasthAna ke lagabhaga choTe-bar3e sabhI gAMvoM meM dharma-pracAra kiyA. sarvatra sAmAjika kurItiyoM ke unmUlana kA divya saMdeza diyA. Apane apane pravacanoM meM samanvaya ke svara ko sarvAdhika mukharita kiyA. rAjasthAna ke ThAkuroM, rAjAoM aura jAgIradAroM meM ApakA dharmaguru ke rUpa meM paryApta prabhAva thA. unheM mAMsa, madirA, juvA aura zikAra jaise krUra karmoM se uparata kara unameM mAnavIya saMvedanA kI anubhUtiyoM ko jAgrata kiyaa| jAgIradAroM se zikAra chur3avAne kI dizA meM Apako advitIya saphalatA milI / isa dizA meM mAravAr3a ke 'harasaulAva' ke ThAkura, rajalAnI ke mahArAjA Adi vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya haiM. svAmIjI ma. ke saMyamIya jIvana para dRSTipAta karane para patA calatA hai ki ve kitane bar3e dhIra, bIra, tapasvI the. brahmacarya kA divya teja unake bhAla para pratibimbita thA. svIkRta pratijJAoM ko dRr3hatApUrvaka svayaM pAlana karate the aura apane adhInastha muniyoM ko bhI samaya-samaya para pratibodhita karate rahate the. svayaM jisa sampradAya meM rahe usa sampradAya ke niyamoM ke pAlana meM bar3e vaphAdAra sainika kI taraha sajaga rahe. anya sampradAya se sambandhita vyakti ko apane sampradAya kI ora AkarSita kara sva-sampradAya kI abhivRddhi karanA abhISTa nahIM thA. jaisA ki sarvatra hotA rahA hai ! hotA AyA hai / isa saMbaMdha meM unakA spaSTa abhimata thA ki-jahA~ ho, vahIM raho. naitika bano, dharma ke nikaTa raho. niyamita rUpa se dharmakriyA karo. kahIM karo, karo. dharmAtmA banane ke liye sampradAya badalane kI nahIM, hRdaya-parivartana kI AvazyakatA Apake nAma ke vyAkhyAmaya munijIvana kA lakSaNa eka kavi ne kiyA hai. jaina jagat meM va vizeSata: jayagaccha meM nimna kavitta bahuta prasiddha hai. jo rati-nAyaka jIti kare, jo rana saMjama jora lagAve / jo rata prIti jinezvara ke pada, jo ratna-traya yatna kraave| jo ramato raha Atama-jJAna meM, jo rasanA ziva-mArga batAye / jo rata hoya raTe prabhu-jApa hI 'jora' munIzvara so hI kahAve / svAmI jI ma0 ne bhaMvAla-mAravAr3a meM saM0 1986 ke varSa meM saMllekhanA pUrvaka samAdhimaraNa prApta kara jinadharma kI zAzvata saMlekhanA kI paramparA meM mRtyu ko cunautI dI aura kAladharma kI upalabdhi kI. svAmI zrIbrajalAlajI ma0 Apa svAmI zrIjorAvaramalajI ma0 ke ma~jhale ziSya haiM. janma-sthAna tivarI (maarvaadd')| saM0 1658 kI vasaMta CARRY VALjainelibrary.org
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________________ muni zrI mizrImala 'madhukara': jIvana-vRtta : 45 paMcamI ke dina mAtA campAdevI kI puNyakukSi se janma huA. zrIamolakacandrajI zrIzrImAla ko Apake pitA hone kA gaurava prApta huA. vaizAkha zuklA dvAdazI vikrama saM0 1971 ke dina svAmI zrIjorAvaramalajI se Apane byAvara meM dIkSA aMgIkAra kI. guru ne ziSya ko apanA vidyAvaibhava pradAna kiyA. ziSya ne guru kI apUrva niSThApUrvaka sevA kI. guru ke Adezanirdeza se eka iMca bhI idhara-udhara honA Apake sevAparAyaNa mana ne kabhI svIkAra nahIM kiyA. guru ma0 ke samakSa jaisI saMyamaniSThA thI vaisI hI niSThA Aja taka vidyamAna hai. dIkSA ke bAda Aja taka saMyama meM parAkrama dikhAte huye, sAdhutA kI mastI kA Anandopabhoga karate huye saMyamazIla jIvana kI naiyA ko karttavyazIla mAMjhI kI taraha khete cale jA rahe haiM. Apako dIkSA dhAraNa kiye 50 varSa se bhI adhika samaya vyatIta ho gayA hai. isa bIca alhar3a javAnI AI, aura gaI. parantu saMyama meM himAlaya-sI acalatA, samudra-sI gambhIratA aura ispAta -sI kaThoratA jaisI prArambha meM rahI vaisI hI Aja bhI vidyamAna hai. thokar3oM kA jJAna ApakA adbhuta hai. kitane graMthoM kA jJAna prApta kiyA yA kisI ne kitane graMtha par3ha liye, isa bAta ko Apane kabhI mahattva nahIM diyA. Apane sadaiva eka hI siddhAMta ko apane jIvana kA Adi, madhya aura anta kA kendra mAnA hai ki jo hama par3hate haiM, samajhate haiM vaha hamAre jIvana ko kitanA sparza kara pAyA hai. yahI kAraNa hai ki Apane par3ha par3hakara paThita graMthoM kI saMkhyA bar3hAne meM kabhI vizvAsa nahIM kiyA, jo par3hA use jIvana kI prayogazAlA meM DhAlA hai. Apake jIvana kI sarvAdhika vizeSatA hai-sevA sevA ko Apane sAdhutA kA zrRMgAra mAnA hai. isalie Apa sevAvratI ke rUpa meM sAdhu samAja meM vikhyAta haiM. sevA parama dharma hai. yaha dharma, yogiyoM kI yogasAdhanA se bhI duSkara hai, kyoMki isake pAlana karane meM apanI manovRttiyoM kA dRr3hatApUrvaka damana karanA par3atA hai. mana para vijaya prApta karane vAlA hI sevA-jaise mahAn guNa ko jIvana meM sAkAra kara pAtA hai. bhartRhari ne bhI kahA hai- 'sevAdharmaH paramagahano yoginAmapyagamyaH' guru kI sevA karanA utanA prazaMsanIya nahIM hai jitanA prazaMsanIya hai pratyeka choTe-bar3e santa kI sevA karanA. guru kI sevA samAja meM sammAna pAne evaM guru kA priya banane ko bhI manuSya kara letA hai. kintu Apa samAna bhAva se choTebar3e sabhI muniyoM kI sevA kara apUrva prasannatA kA anubhava karate haiM. apane upakArI ke prati vinamra bhAva se sevakatva jatalAnA eka bAta hai aura AkAMkSA rahita hokara guNI janoM kI sevA meM pravRtta rahanA jIvana kI duSprApya siddhi hai. ApakI punIta sevAvRtti ke pariNAmasvarUpa hI maiM ( madhukara muni) sAdhu jIvana meM ekadama nirdvandva aura nizcinta raha kara ekAgrabhAva se adhyayana meM tatpara raha sakA. vastutaH mere jIvana ke nirmANa meM svAmIjI ma0 kI anugrahapUrNa sadbhAvanA eka pradhAna kAraNa rahI hai, gurudeva zrIjorAvaramalajI mahArAja kI aura phira svAmI zrIhajArImala jI ma0 kI sevA ke avasaroM ko Apa svayaM oTa A lete aura mujhe sadaiva jJAna-dhyAna karate rahane kI preraNA pradAna karate rahe. jIvana ke 63 varSa pUrNa kara cukane para bhI Apa meM Aja bhI santoM kI sevA ke prati vahI tIvra vega hai. Apake bhAla para brahmacarya kA teja Aja bhI dedIpyamAna hai. Apa apanI dhuna ke dhanI haiM. ApameM sAdhutA kI sahaja mastI hai. zrAvaka samAja para ApakA prabhAva paryAptamAtrA meM vidyamAna hai. svAmIjI ma0 ke svargavAsa ke bAda ApakA svAsthya ThIka nahIM rahatA hai tathApi ApakI vANI meM jo kar3aka hai usake pIche vizuddha sAdhutva kA bala bolatA dikhAI detA hai. Apane saundaryAtmaka lekhana meM khUba pragati kI hai. vartamAna meM ApakA cainalipi (prAcIna zAstroM kI paDImAtrA lipi) meM sundara lekhana sAdhu-samAja meM prasiddha hai. muni mizrImala 'madhukara' ( svAmIjI ma0 ke vartamAna parivAra kA paricaya yahA~ diyA jA rahA hai. maiM bhI usakA eka sadasya hU~. isI nAte nimnalikhita paMktiyA~ likhane kI vivazatA hai-- svayaM apane bAre meM ) janma, tivarI saM0 1970 meM mAtA tulasA jI. pitA jamanAlAlajI dhADIvAla. gurudeva zrIjorAvaramala jI ma0 kI kRpA Nor Prate & Verenal Use Se YY 30301300303065303064 206302343043030030230300303003065 www.Minetrary.org
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________________ 46 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya SAH8303082238230303082303083032 huI. saM0 1980 meM bhinAya (meravADA) meM vaizAkha zuklA dazamI ko dIkSA sampanna huI. jIvana ko eka naI dizA milI. dIkSA ke pazcAt, saMskRta prAkRta Adi bhASAoM kA aura vyAkaraNa, sAhitya, dharma evaM darzana Adi vividha viSayoM kA adhyayana kiyA. saubhAgya se aise samartha vidvAn gurudeva kA sAnnidhya prApta huA. jo jJAna ke mahattva se bhalI bhAMti paricita the aura jo apane jIvana meM jJAna kI jyoti svayaM prApta kara sake the. unhoMne adhyayana kI preraNA dI. samucita vyavasthA kI. gurudeva ke dehotsarga ke pazcAt svAmI zrIhajArImalajI ma0 kI chatra-chAyA meM AyA. Apane bhI guru kA pyAra diyA aura pathapradarzana kiyA. prAkRta bhASA ke udbhaTa vidvAn pa0 becaradAsa dozI ko bhI adhyApana ke nimitta bulAyA gayA. baMgAla saMskRta sAhitya pariSad kI nyAyatIrtha aura kAvyatIrtha Adi parIkSAe~ uttIrNa kI. sAhityika jIvana meM praveza huA. sarvaprathama zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra kI dharmadezanAoM kA saMkalana kiyA'. jayavANI Adi graMthoM ke saMpAdana kA bhI suavasara milA. isake pazcAt anya santa kaviyoM kI racanAoM kA aneka varSoM taka anveSaNa karake rAyaracanA aura AsakaraNa-padAvalI kA sampAdana kiyA. saMskRta tathA hindI bhASA meM aneka prakIrNaka racanAe~ kI haiM jo vibhinna saMgrahoM aura patra-patrikAoM meM prakAzita ho cukI haiM. muni zrImAMgIlAlajI Apa svAmI zrIhajArImalajI ma. ke jyeSTha ziSya the. Apane DhalatI umra meM svAmI ma. dvArA vi0 saM0 1964 mArgazIrSa kRSNA ekAdazI ko naukhA grAma meM dIkSA grahaNa kI thI. ApakA janma bhAdrapada zuklA dazamI ko dAdiyA (kizanagar3ha) meM huA thA. mAtA kA nAma puSpAdevI aura pitA kA nAma hajArImalajI tAteDa thA. ApakA prArambha se hI dharma ke prati rujhAna thA. sAtvika bhAva kA bIjAropaNa bacapana se hI ho gayA thA. parama vidUSI mahAsatI zrIumarAvakavarajI ma0 ApakI hI suputrI haiM, jinhoMne svAmIjI ma0 kI paramparA meM dIkSA grahaNa kI hai. patrI kI dIkSA ne Apako saMyama-jIvana kI ora mor3a diyA. Apa vRddha hote hue bhI tapasyA karate rahe. rasanAvijaya ke lie eka udAharaNa svarUpa santa hue. Apane tIna varSa ke lagabhaga byAvara meM sthiravAsa kiyA. aMta meM sa0 2013 zrAvaNa kRSNA dazamI ko svargagamana kiyA. tapasvI zrImohanamunijI Apa svAmI ma0 ke dvitIya ziSya haiM. ApakA janma mevAr3a ke zAhapurA nagara meM haA thA. mAtA gulAbabAI aura pitA mAMgIlAlajI pArakha the. svAmIjI se mahAmaMdira (jodhapura) meM dIkSA dhAraNa kI thI. dIkSA ke thor3e samaya pazcAt hI tapazcaraNa prArambha kara diyA thA. Aja bhI ApakI tapazcaryA kA krama calatA hI rahatA hai. ugra vihArI muniyoM meM Apa vizeSa ullekhanIya mAne jAte haiM. zrIsohanamunijI Apa zrImohanamUnijI ke ziSya haiM. sAMsArika dRSTi se Apake sahodara laghubhrAtA bhI haiM. Apane zrImohanamunijI se indaura meM mArgazIrSa navamI saM0 2018 meM dIkSA grahaNa kI. adhyayana aura sevA meM ApakI vizeSa abhiruci hai. saba santoM kI Apake sAtha pUrI sadbhAvanA hai ki Apa apane isa uddezya meM Age bar3heM. Apako bhI pUrI lagana hai. bhaviSya meM isakA sundara pariNAma dekhane ko samAja utsuka hai. 1. dharmapatha, jAgaraNa zrAdi
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________________ c(. jayagacchIya viziSTa saMta AcAryazrI jayamalajI mahArAja kI santaparamparA vaicArika aura AcArika mAmaloM meM apanA viziSTa mahattva rakhatI hai. isa paramparA meM hone vAle AcArya aura viziSTa santoM meM bhUla se hI koI aisA santa rahA hogA, jisane sAhityamuktAoM meM praveza na kiyA ho. lnry@ pratyeka yuga kI eka sImA hotI hai. jayagacchIya santoM ne mAtA sarasvatI ke jJAnamaMdira meM zraddhA aura bhakti ke padyapuSpoM kI mAlAe~ atyaMta vinIta bhAva se samarpita kI haiM. mAtA sarasvatI ko puSpamAlA arpita karane para bhI samucita anusaMdhAna ke abhAva meM ve itihAsa ke pRSThoM para aMkita na ho sake, prakAzita na ho sake, khyAti aura yaza ke nikaSa para car3hAe na gae. parantu rAjasthAna ke prAcIna jJAnAgAroM kI khoja karane para unakI kRtiyA~ ratna kI taraha camakatI dIkha rahI haiM. yaha anveSakoM kI painI dRSTi kA satya hai. sAhitya ke kAlavibhAjana ke anusAra eka yuga kA nAma bhaktiyuga hai. bhaktiyuga meM AtmavijJApana se dUra rahane kA eka pravAha cala par3A thA. pariNAmasvarUpa usa kAla meM santa bhakta kaviyoM ne anaMta sattA ke prati padya puSpAMjaliyA~ arpita kI parantu apanA eka nizcita lakSya nirdhArita kara rakhA thA ki jo racanAe~ kI jAe~ ve khyAti ke liye nahIM apitu svAMtaH sukhAya hI kI jAe~. bhaktiyuga aThArahavIM sadI se kucha adhika dazakoM taka mAnA jAtA hai. jayagaccha meM honevAle paravartI sabhI santa bhaktiyuga meM hue haiM. svayaM ne AnandAnubhUti karake apanI racanAoM ko jaba jahAM avasara milA vahA~ ke bhaNDAroM meM rakha dIM. kabhI yaha nahIM socA ki inakA pracAra-prasAra ho. inake pracAra-prasAra ke sAtha hamArA nAma ho. AcArya zrIjayamalajI mahArAja eka viziSTa cintaka aura sAhityakAra santa the. ve santaparamparA kA nirvAha karane vAle aura sUkSma sAhityakAra the. unake sAhitya ne unake pazcAta santoM ko isa dizA meM bar3hane ke liye utprerita kiyA thA. bahuta se aise santa unakI sAhityika paramparA ko nibhAnevAle hue. parantu Aja unakI racanAe~ atyalpa mAtrA meM hI pAI jAtI haiM. jayagaccha meM kucha anveSaNapriya saMta hue aura haiM jinhoMne unakI kRtiyoM kI khoja kI hai. unheM isa paramparA ke santoM kI anekAneka kRtiyAM milI haiM. 'muni zrI hajArImala smRtigraMtha' meM jayagaccha ke una samasta viziSTa santoM kA hama paricaya denA cAhate the parantu durdaivavipAka hI samajhiye ki jina santoM ke pAsa isa sambandha kI sAmagrI hai, prayatna karane para bhI hameM vaha upalabdha na ho sakI. yadi vaha sAmagrI kisI pRthak graMtha ke rUpa meM prakAza meM Ae to hama unakA abhinandana kareMge. jayagaccha ke jina mahAmanISI muniyoM kA paricaya diyA jA cukA hai. unake atirikta katipaya viziSTa santoM kA bhI paricaya yahA~ prastuta kiyA jAtA hai, jo isa prakAra hai (1) svAmI zrIzobhAcandrajI mahArAja ( 2 ) svAmI zrI harakhacandrajI mahArAja ( 3 ) svAmI zrI cauthamalajI mahArAja (4) svAmI zrIvaktAvaramalajI mahArAja (5) svAmI zrIcainamalajI mahArAja ( 6 ) svAmI zrIrAvatamalajI mahArAja. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ 305 306 30% 30% 304 305 304 30% 30300300 48 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : prathama adhyAya zrIzobhAcandrajI ma0 janma cicaMDanI (jodhapura) saM0 1917. pitA zrIjItamalajI mAtA dhurAbAI kI ratnakukSi se janma grahaNa kiyA. hRdaya kI sukomala bhUmi meM bacapana se vItarAga vANI kA pAnI sAdhu-santoM dvArA par3atA rahA. phalasvarUpa dharma kA bIja aMkurita huA. janaka- jananI se bhAgavatI dIkSA dhAraNa kI anumati grahaNa kara saM0 1926 kI bhAdrapada zuklA pUrNimA ke dina pAlI (rAjasthAna) kSetra meM AcArya hIrAcandrajI ma0 kA ziSyatva svIkAra kiyA. jJAnArAdhanA kI. yauvana AyA, cupa-cApa calA gayA. jJAna kI prakhaMDa lau se Apane apane jIvana-patha meM prakAza pAyA. cAritra kI kaThora sAdhanA, svAdhyAya, tyAga aura tapa kI akhaMDa ArAdhanA ke phalasvarUpa ApakA svabhAva atyanta namra banA. jijJAsA vegavatI huI. sva aura para santa parivAra kI bhedaka dIvAroM ko lAMgha kara saba se sneha va saujanyapUrNa vyavahAra karanA -- usa samaya ke santoM meM ApameM vizeSa rUpa se pAyA jAtA thA. Apa ke svabhAva ke AkarSaNa ne tIna bhavyAtmAoM ko jinadharma kI dIkSA dhAraNa kI balavatI preraNA pradAna kI. muni zrIcauthamalajI ma0, narasiMhajI ma0 va zrImUla munijI ma.. vaiziSTya jinake jIvana meM himAlaya-sA unnata lakSya va uddezya hotA hai vaha vyakti parivAra kI sImAoM meM ba~dhakara kabhI nahIM rahatA hai. santa parivAra kI dRSTi se ApakA muni hajArImalajI ma0 ke dAdA guru zrIphakIracandrajI ma0 evaM guru zrIjorAvaramalajI ma0 se nikaTa sambandha nahIM thA. tathApi AcArya zrIjayamalajI ma0 ke pazcAdvartI bane jayagaccha ke nAma kI mudrA sampradAya ke tInoM muniyoM ke pIche lagI hone ke kAraNa unakA sambandha eka parivAra ke santoM ke samAna hI thA. yuga aura samaya ke anadekhe prabhAva bar3e vicitra hote haiM. kAla kA cakra bItatA jA rahA hai. Aja kAlacakra kA vaha pahalU hamAre sAmane hai ki jisameM zobhAcandrajI ma0 ke santaparivAra meM se koI bhI dRSTipatha nahIM ho rahA hai. parantu unakA ziSya eka bhI na hone para bhI yaha niHsaMkoca kahA jA sakatA hai ki unakA santaparivAra hai. svAmI zrIjorAvaramalajI ma0 unake snehI samakAlIna the. ata: unakA santa yA ziSya na hone para bhI jorAvaramalajI ma0 ke ziSyoM kA santaparivAra vidyamAna hai ataH vaha unakA hI ziSya parivAra hai. jorAvaramalajI ma0 kA jaba taka santaparivAra hai yaha gauravapUrvaka kahA jA sakatA hai ki zrIjorAvaramalajI kA santaparivAra unakA bhI parivAra hai. svAmI zrIharakhacandra jI ma0 santajIvana bhAratIya dharmazAstroM meM atyanta pavitra mAnA gayA hai. vaha isaliye ki duniyA ke chala-prapaMca va mAyAjAla se usane apane Apako parimukta kara liyA hai. mAnava apane svArtha va lAbhavaza isa prakAra ke bandhanoM meM jakar3A pakar3A huA pAyA jAtA hai ki prayatna karane para bhI vaha isa baMdhana se mukta hone meM apane Apako durbala anubhava karatA hai. ataH sAmAnyataH manuSya meM durbalatA sahaja hai. basa yahI bhAva santa jIvana kI ora manuSya ko AkarSita karatA hai. munizrI harakhacandrajI ma0 ke prati jana-jana kI sahaja zraddhA thI. isakA kAraNa yaha thA ki ve sAMsArika bandhanoM se mukta hokara ananta AkAza aura vizAla dharatI para dharma kA chatra dhAraNa kara cuke the. vANI ke ve jAdUgara bana cuke the. bhagavAn mahAvIra apanI dharmadezanAoM meM sthAna-sthAna para sAdhakoM ko satya kA chora thamAte huye kaha gaye sAdhako, thor3A bolo, svalpa bolo. adhika bolane para adhika pravRttimaya jIvana hogA. pravRti, nivRttimUlaka vItarAga dharma meM bAdhA upasthita karatI hai. mahAvIra kI yaha dharmadezanA unake jIvana meM sAkAra ho gaI thI. ataH unake zrImukha se kahA gayA pratyeka sahaja vacana satya pramANita hotA thA. yahI kAraNa hai ki unakA svargavAsa huye Aja ardha zatAbdI se bhI adhika samaya vyatIta ho gayA hai, phira bhI unake cAritrika jIvana para Aja bhI zraddhAluoM kI vipula mAtrA meM akhaMDa zraddhA pAI jAtI hai. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ vaha muni zrI mizrImala 'madhukara' : jIvana-vRtta : 46 unhoMne jisako jo kaha diyA vaha vaisA hI ho gayA, yadi kisI ko yaha kahA ki vyApAra meM lAbha hogA to nihAla ho gayA. yahI kAraNa hai ki Aja bhI unake svargavAsa sthAna para sacce mana se khar3e hokara agara koI yaha socatA hai ki merA yaha kArya ho jAnA cAhiye to vaha ho jAtA hai. saMkSepa meM unakI vANI se kahA gayA pratyeka vacana jana-jana ke liye varadAna sAbita hotA thA. vacanasiddha mahAtmA puruSa ke rUpa meM ve apane samaya meM bahuta prakhyAta hue. ApakA janma seThoM kI rIyAM meM saM0 1882 kArtika zuklA 8 meM huA thA. mAtA-pitA kA nAma kramazaH zrInathamalajI bhaMDArI aura pAnA bAI thA. Apane pUjya zrIkuzAlacandrajI ma0 dvArA vikrama saM0 1861 meM apane janmasthAna rIyAM meM hI dIkSA grahaNa kI thI. vikrama saM0 1936 vaisAkha kRSNA ekAdazI ko kucAmaNa meM nazvara deha kA parityAga kara apane saMyamIya jIvana kA antima kAmya prApta kiyA thA: svAmI zrIcauthamalajI ma0 svAmIjI kI paricaya rekhA meM unako sImita yA aMkita karanA asaMbhava hai. ve naye yuga kI ujalI rekhA ko kalpanA kI AMkhoM se bhaviSyadRSTA kI taraha dekhate the. ve purAne yuga ke santa kahalAte the. sAdhutva kI maryAdA aura sImA rekhA meM khar3e rahakara bhI bhaviSya meM samAja ko kisa prakAra ke vicAra AcAra kA pratipAdana priya hogA, isake unhoMne bakhUbI apanI padya racanAoM meM saMketa diye haiM. ve sudhAraka bhI prathama koTi ke the. jar3atA yA vicArazUnyatA unheM kataI pasanda nahIM thI. sAdhu samAja ko bhI unhoMne paryApta satarka aura sabala sudhArAtmaka vicAra diye. mAravAr3a prAMta ke atyaMta nirbhIka santa the. apanI bAta ko sacoTa zabdoM meM kahanA unakA svabhAva thA. unhoMne sAghusamAja ke sAmane sabase pahale yaha vicAra prastuta kiye ki nivRttipradhAna jainamuni Aja jo kASTha ke pAtra grahaNa karate haiM, ve makAna aura pAnI unheM girdoSa nahIM milate haiM. jaba unhoMne ye aura isa prakAra ke satarka anya vicAra prastuta kiye to sAdhu samAja meM kAphI carcA rahI. para unake saTIka prazna kA kisI ke pAsa koI uttara nahIM thA. taba se sAdhu samAja meM eka vicAradhArA isa zreNI kI bhI banI jo svAmIjI ke vicAroM kA samarthana karatI hai. ye vicAra unhoMne pravacana maMca se to saiMkar3oM bAra upasthita kiye hI parantu apane una vicAroM ko kavitA kI kar3I meM pirokara bhI upasthita kiye. ve sudhArAtmaka gIta Aja mI vidyamAna haiM. vaise ApakA kavitvabala jAgRta aura prANavAna thA. bhaktipradhAna tattvapradhAna sudhArapradhAna aura kathAcarita pradhAna racanAeM kI. unake nikaTavartI svAmI zrIcAMdamalajI, zrIjItamalajI, bastAvaramalajI bAlacaMdajI Adi ne prakAzita bhI karAye haiM. kucha pustakeM vibhinna nAmoM se unake jIvanakAla meM bhI prakAzita ho cukI haiM. saMskRta aura prAkRta bhASA ke bala para jainAgamoM kA gaMbhIra adhyayana aura ciMtana kiyA. pravacanapaddhati zravaNasukhada thI. bhASA kA mAdhyama rAjasthAnI thA. kyoMki rAjasthAna kA samUcA kSetraphala unakA vihAra kSetra thA. saMgaThana kI ora unakA sarvAdhika lakSya the.. alaga-alaga sampradAyoM meM sAdhuoM kA ba~Te rahanA unheM tanika bhI pasanda nahIM thA. vyaktizaH unhoMne saMgaThanoM ke liye samaya-samaya para vipula prayatna kiye the. ve mAnate the ki mahAvIra ke uttarAdhikAriyoM kI zakti vikendrita ho rahI hai. isakA kendrIkaraNa honA nitAnta Avazyaka hai. yaha yuga saMgaThana kA yuga hai. saMgaThita hokara hI hama loga naitika abhiyAna cher3akara jana-jana meM naitikatA kI pUjA pratiSThA kara sakate haiM. , saM0 2009 meM sAdar3I meM muniyoM kA akhila bhAratIya stara para sammelana hone kI ghoSaNA sunI carcA, sunI to unake manakA konA-konA prasannatA se parivyApta ho gayA thA. yadyapi ve zArIrika avasthAvaza usa sammelana meM zarIka nahIM ho sake the parantu apane sAthI muni zrIcAMdamalajI zrIjItanamalajI va zrIlAlacandajI ma0 ko bar3e cAva va utsAha se sammelana meM bhAga lene ke liye bhejA thA. sammelana ke pazcAt akhila bhAratIya stara para 'zramaNa saMgha' ke nAma se sAdhuoM kA saMgaThana ho gayA hai, jaba unhoMne yaha sunA Song Ran Qian Huan Chao Liao Yan Mai
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________________ Jain 30820233023983839853030 50 muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : prathama adhyAya to unakA mana santoSa anubhava kara kahA thA. merI jIvana kI eka sAdha to pUrI huI, dhIre-dhIre samAja meM anya sudhAra bhI hoMge. samAja ko saMgaThana bhUmi milI hai. khudegI to samaya Ane para sudhAra aura cAritrika nirmalatA ke suphala bhI bhAvI samAja prApta karegA. ApakA janma saM0 1947 ASAr3ha zuklA tRtIyA pirojapurA ( kucerA) meM mAtA kuMvarAde kI ratnakukSi se huA thA. pitA kA nAma zrIharacandarAya jATa thA. 1659 vaisAkha kRSNA saptamI ko seThoM kI riyA meM zrInathamalajI kA ziSyatva grahaNa kiyA thA. Apake bAbAguru kA pavitra nAma zrIsUrajamalajI ma0 thA. donoM muni apane samaya ke AcAraniSTha va karmaTha svAdhyAyI santa mAne jAte the. vartamAna meM zrI cAMdamalajI ma0 isIlie svAdhyAyI cAMdamalajI ma0 ke nAma se vikhyAta haiM ki Apake agraja svAdhyAyapremI the. zrIcAMdamalajI ma0 aura zrIjItamalajI ma0, zrIcauthamalajI ma0 ke gurubhAiyoM meM haiM. isa yuga meM zAstralipi - kAroM meM zrIcAMdamalajI kA nAma sarvopari hai. zrIcauthamalajI ma0 kA svargavAsa jodhapura meM samAdhImaraNa pUrvaka huA thA teraha dina saMthArA bhAvoM kI bar3I nirmalatA ke sAtha calA thA. sammelana ke bAda sabase pahale svargavAsa Apa hI kA huA thA. aisA lagatA thA ki ve sammelana hone kI bATa ho jo rahe the. unake mana kI murAda saMgaThana kI thI. vaha pUrI hote hI ve apane saMyamIya jIvana ke kAmya ko pA gaye. zramaNa saMgha meM parigaNita anya santa bhI unake saMllekhanA ke bhISma vrata kI pUrNAhuti ke samaya padhAre the. santoM ko dekhakara unheM apAra harSa huA. unhoMne kahA thA ki merI yugoM kI abhikAMkSA Aja sAkAra hai. maiM Aja parama prasanna hU~. svAmI zrIrAvatamalajI ma0 jinake jIvana kI gaharAI se santatva janma letA hai ve mahAn santa kabhI yuvA aura vRddhatvAvasthA kI vibhAjaka rekhA ko svIkAra nahIM karate haiM. svAmI zrIrAvatamalajI ma0 bhI eka aise hI santa haiM. Aja vaya kI dRSTi se jayamalajI ma0 kI sampradAya meM to ve sabase purAne anubhavI aura jJAnI tapasvI santa haiM hI parantu anumAna hai ki akhila bhAratIya zramaNa saMgha meM bhI zrApa saba se vayovRddha santa haiM. ApakA janma mAravAr3a ke ke raDoda (Asopa ke pAsa ) nAmaka grAma meM saM0 1945 meM huA thA. mAtA-pitA hone kA gaurava kramazaH zrI pArAde va zrImaharadAsajI ko prApta huA thA. saM0 1660 vaizAkha kRSNA paMcamI ke zubha dina riyAM seThoMkI meM guruvara zrImaganamalajI ma0 ke dvArA dIkSA grahaNa kI thI. Apake ziSyoM meM zrI bhairavamuni jI haiM. vizeSa tapaHsAdhanA Apake jIvana kA sarvAdhika priya lakSya hai. AgamasvAdhyAya aura tapa basa ye hI do jIvana meM karaNIya mAna kara kie jA rahe haiM. varSAvAsa ke atirikta samaya meM bhI Apa jahAM para virAjate haiM vahIM para svayaM bhI tapasyA karate haiM aura apane samparkasthoM ko bhI tapa karane kI pavitra preraNA pradAna karate rahate haiM. ApakA mAnanA aura kahanA bhI kevala mAnane aura kahane taka hI sImita nahIM hai. Apa tapa svayaM karate haiM aura dUsaroM ko bhI tapa kA mahattva batAkara tapa dvArA mahAn Atmabala aura Atmazodhana kI ora abhimukha karate rahate haiM. ApakI mAnyatA hai ki pravacana karanA sAdhu kA parama dharma hai. yahI kAraNa hai ki Apake dvArA janatA ko pravacana kA lAbha milatA rahatA hai. pravacanazailI mAravAr3I hai, parantu bar3I rasamaya. dohe savaiye kavitta Adi kAvya kalA ke mAdhyama se janatA ko apanI bAta saTIka jamA dete haiM. bAta-bAta para dohe kavitta kA sarasa saMgIta sunAI detA hai. thor3e samaya ke liye bhI jo unake pAsa baiThatA hai vaha unase kisI zikSAtmaka dohe dvArA divya preraNA grahaNa karatA hai. cation Untemational AA
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________________ svAmI mahArAja kA sAdhvI parivAra caMpAjI rAya kaMvarajI cauthAMjI kastUrAMjI cUnAMjI jar3AbAMjI sovanakaMvarajI maganAMjI saradArakaMvarajI sona kaMvarajI pAnakaMvarajI jamanAMjI sundarakaMvarajI jhamakUjI tulachAMjI kAnakaMvarajI umarAvakuMvarajI gulAbAMjI caMpAjI ummedakaMvarajI ratanakaMvarajI kaMcanakaMvarajI sevAvaMtIjI Jain Education Interational
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________________ svAmIjI ke priya pada rAga-[kAphI-desI-horI nI] zreyAMsa jinanda sumara re| cetana jANa kalyANa karana ko, Ana milyo avasara re|| zAstra pramANa pichAna prabhU guNa, mana caMcala thira kara re / zre0 1 sAsa usAsa bilAsa bhajana ko, dRr3ha vizvAsa pakara re| ajapAbhyAsa prakAza hiye bica, so sumarana jinavara re / zre0 2 kaMdrapa krodha lobha mada mAyA, ye sabahI parahara re / samyak-dRSTi sahaja sukha pragaTe, jJAna dazA anusara re / zre0 3 jhUTha prapaMca jobana tana dhana aru, sajana sanehI ghara re / china meM chor3a cale para bhava ko, bAMdha subhAsubha thara re / zre. 4 mAnasa janama padAratha jAkI, pAsA karata amara re / te pUraba sukRta kara pAyo, marama-parama dila dhara re / zre05 'vizvasaina' 'visnArANI' ko, naMdana tU na bisara re / sahaja miTe ajJAna avidyA, mukti paMtha paga bhara re| zre06 tU avikAra vicAra zrAtama guna, bhava-jaMjAla na para re| pudgala cAha miTAya 'vinayacanda', te jina tU na avara re / zre. 7 dharama jinezvara mujha hivaDe baso, pyAro prANa samAna / kabahuM na bisarU' ho citArU nahIM, sadA akhaMDita dhyAna / dha. 1 jyU panihArI kumbha na vIsare, naTavo nRtya nidAna / palaka na visare ho padamani piyubhaNI, cakavI na visare bhAna / dha0 2 jyU lobhI mana dhana kI lAlasA, bhogI ke mana bhoga / rogI ke mana mAne auSadhI, jogI ke mana joga | dha0 3 iNa para lAgI ho pUraNa prItar3I, jAva jIva pariyaMta / bhava-bhava cAhUM ho na par3e aAMtaro, bhava bhaJjana bhagavaMta / gha0 4 0 ca
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________________ muni zrImizrImala 'madhukara': jIvana-vRtta: 13 kAma-krodha mada matsara lobhathI, kapaTI kuTila kaThora / ityAdika avaguNa kara hU~ bharyo, udaya karma ke jora / dha0 teja pratApa tumAro pragaTe, muja hivar3A meM zrAya / to hUM prAtama nija guNa saMbhAlane, anaMta balI kahivAya / dha. 'bhAnU' nRpa 'suvratA' jananI taNo, aMgajAta abhirAma / 'vinayacanda' ne ballabha tU prabhu, sudha cetana guNadhAma / dha0 Nuo Nuo Nuo Nuo Nuo Fa Qi Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Zi Hao [ rAga-rekhatA] kuMthu jinarAja ! tU aiso, nahIM koI deva to jaiso| trilokI-nAtha tU kahiye, hamArI bAMha dRr3ha gahie / ku. bhavodadhi DUbato tAro, kRpAnidhi prAsaro thaaro| bharosA Apako bhArI, vicAro viruda upakArI / ku. umAho milana ko tosoM, na rAkho prAMtaro mosoN| jaisI siddha avasthA terI, taisI caitanyatA merI / ku. karama-bhrama jAla ko dapaTyo, viSaya sukha mamata meM lapaTyo / bhramyo hu~ cahUM gatI mAhI, udayakarma bhrama kI chAhI / ku. udaya ko jora jauloM, na chUTe viSaya sukha tauloM / kRpA gurudeva kI pAI, nijAtama bhAvanA bhAI / ku. ajaba anubhUti ura jAgI, surata nija rUpa meM lAgI / tumhIM hama ekatA jANU, dvaita bhrama kalpanA mAnU / ku. 'zrIdevI' 'sUra' nRpa nandA, aho saravajJa sukha kandA / 'vinayacanda' lIna tuma guna meM, na vyApe avidyA mana meM / ku. [zrI navakAra japo mana raMge-yaha dezI ] zrI mahAvIra namo varanANI, zAsana jehano jANare prANI / dhana-dhana janaka siddhAratha'rAjA,dhana 'trasalAde'mAta re prANI / zrI. jyAM suta jAyo goda khilAyo, 'vardhamAna' vikhyAta re prANI / pravacana sAra vicAra hiyA meM, kIje aratha pramANa re prANI / zrI. sUtra vinaya AcAra tapasyA, cAra prakAra samAdha re prANI / te kariye bhavasAgara tariye, Atama bhAva arAdha re prANI / zrI. jyoM kaMcana tihu~ kAla kahIje, bhUSaNa nAma aneka re praannii| tyoM jaga jIva carAcara jonI, hai cetana guNa eka re prANI / zrI. apano zrApa viSai thira aAtama, 'sohaM haMsa kahAya re prANI / kevala brahma padAratha paricaya, pudgala bharama miTAya re prANI / zrI. VOCAPACIDENT -2006 M 60% 68.9.9. 09SS thanha Jain Education Intemational
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________________ 54 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya 828898280393015239298995303082439300 zabda rUpa rasa gandha na jAmeM, nAya parasa tapa jhAMha re prANI / timara udyota prabhA kachu nAhI, Atama anubhaba mAMhi re prANI / zrI. sukha duHkha jIvana marana avasthA, e dasa prANa saMgAta re prANI / inathI bhinna 'vinayacanda' rahiye, jyoM jalameM jala jAtare prANI / zrI. RSabha jinezvara prItama mAharo re, aura na cAhu~ re kaMta, rIjhayo sAheba saMga na parihare re, bhAMge sAdi anaMta re-RSabha. prItasagAI re jagamA sahu kare re, prItasagAI na koya, prItasagAI re nirupAdhika kahI re, sopAdhika dhana khoya-Rpabha. koI kaMta kAraNa kASTa bhakSaNa kare re, malazu kaMtane dhAya, e melo navi kaiye saMbhave re, bhelo ThAma na ThAya---RSabha0 koI patijana ati ghaNo tA kare re, patira jana tana tApa, e patira jana meM navi cita dharayu re. jina dhAtu melApa-RSabha. koI kahe lIlA re alakha alakhataNI re, lakha pUre mana zrAza, ___ doSarahitane lIlA navi ghaTe re, lIlA doSa vilAsa-RSabha. citaprasanne re pUjana-phala kA re, pUjA akhaMDita eha, kapaTa rahita thai yAtama arapaNA re,'zrAnandadhana'pada-reha--RSabha. [ rAga-prAzAvarI] paMthar3o nihAlu re bIjA jinataNo re, ajita ajita guNadhAma, je teM jItyA re, te mujha jItiyo re puruSa kizyu muja nAma ?-paMthaDo0 caramanayaNa karI mAraga jovatAM re, bhulyo sayala saMsAra, je nayaNe karI mAraga joie re, nayaNa te divya vicAra--paMthaDo0 puruSa parampara anubhava jovatAM re, aMdhoaMdha pulAya, vastu vicAre re jo AgameM karI re, caraNa dharaNa nahIM ThAya-paMthaDo. tarka vicAre re vAda paramparA re, pAra na pahoMce koya / abhimata vastu re vastugate kahe re, te viralA jaga joya-paMthar3o. vastu vicAra re divya nayaNataNo re, viraha paDyo niradhAra, taratama joge re taratama vAsanA re, bAsita bodha AdhAra-paMthar3o. kAla-labdhi lahI paMtha nihAlazu re, e AzA avalanba, e jana jIve re jina jI jANajo re, 'aAnandaghana' mata aMba-paMthar3o. pAra,
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________________ Jain E [ rAgadhanAtrI vipu ] jina darzana tarasiye, darzana durlabha deva, mata mata bhede re jo jai pUchiye, sahu thApe zrahameva - zrabhi0 sAmAnye karI itizaya dohilu nirNaya sakala vizeSa madameM gheryo re dhaMdho kema kare, ravi zazi rUpa vilekha - zrabhi0 hetu vivAda ho cita gharI joie, yati durgama nayavAda zrAgamavAde ho gurugama ko nahIM, esabalo viSavAda-grabhi0 ghAtI DuMgara Ar3A prati ghaNA, tuja darizaNa jamanAtha, DhiThAi karI mAraga saMvaru seMgu koi na sAtha -- zrabhi0 darzana-darzana raTato jo pharu, to raNa roka samAna, jehane pipAsA ho amRta pAnanI, kima bhAje viSapAna - zrabhi0 tarasa na thAve ho maraNa jIvanataNo, sIje jo darzana kAja, darizaNa durlabha sulabha kRpA thakI, 'Anandaghana' mahArAja - - zrabhi0 abhinandana preraka muni zrI mizrImala madhukara' jIvana- 25 2 [ rAgakedArA-gaur3a 1 dekhaNa de re sakhI mane dekhaNa de, caMdraprabha mukhacaMda, sakhI0 upazama rasano kaMda, sakhi gata kalimala dukhadaMda, sakhI caMdra0 sUkSma nigode na dekhI sakhI bAdara ati vizeSa sI puDhavI Au na lekhiyo, sakhI teu vAu na leza, sakhI caMdra0 vanaspati ati ghaNa dihA, sakhI dITho nahIM dIdAra, sakhI0 viti cariMdi jalalIhA, sakhI gopaNAra, sakhI paM0 sura tiri nirayanivAsamAM, sakhI manuja anAraja sAtha, sakhI0 apajjattA pratibhAsamAM, sakhI catura na car3hIo hAtha, sakhI caMdra0 ema aneka thala jANIe sakhI darzana viNu jinadeva, sakho0 AgamathI mata jANIe sakhI kIje nirmala seva, sakhI caMdra0 nirmala sAdhu bhakti lahI, sakhI yoga pravaMcaka hoya, sakhI0 kriyA zravaMcaka tima sahI, sakhI phala gravaMcaka joya, sakhI caMdra0 avasara jinavaru, sakhI mohanIya kSaya jAya, sakhI0 kAmita pUraNa surataru, sakhI 'zrAnandaghana' prabhu pAya, sakhI caMdra0 4172 [ rAga-rAmagrI - kar3akhA ] dhAra taravAranI sohilI, dohilI caudamA jinataNI caraNasevA, dhAra para nAcatA dekha bAjIgarA, sevanA-dhAra para rahe na devA - ghA0 303003030030030230300300302000 brary.org
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________________ 16 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya Neng Le Ye Can Yi Fa Qi Fa Qi Nuo Nuo Qi Qi Qi eka kahe seviye vividha kiriyA karI, phala anekAMta locana na dekhe, phala anekAMta kiriyA karI bApar3A, rar3abar3e cAra gatimAhe lekhe-dhA. gacchanA bheda bahu nayaNa nihAlatA, tatvanI bAta karatA na lAje, udarabharaNAdi nija kAja karatA thakA, moha nar3iyA kalikAla rAje-dhA. vacana nirapekSa vyavahAra jUTho kahyo, bacana sApekSA vyavahAra sAco, vacana nirapekSa vyavahAra saMsAra phala, sAMbhalI zrAdarI kAi rAco-dhA. deva guru dharmanI zuddhi kaho kima rahe kima rahe, zuddha zraddhAna prANo, zuddha zraddhAna viNa sarva kiriyA karI, chAra para lIMpaNu teha jANo-dhA. pApa nahIM koi utsUtra bhASaNa jisyo, dharma nahIM koi jaga sUtra sarikho, sUtra anusAra je bhavika kiriyA kare, tehanu zuddha cAritra parikho-dhA. eha upadezano sAra saMkSepa thI, je narA citamAM nitya dhyAve, te narA divya bahu kAla sukha anubhavI, niyata 'zrAnandaghana' rAja gAve-dhA. [rAga-gurjarI-rAmakalI ] kuthujina ! manaDu kima hI na bAjhe ho kuthujina, manaDu kima hI na bAjhe, jima jima jatana karIne rAkhu, tima-tima alagu bhAje ho-ku. rajanI vAsara vasati ujjaDa, gayaNa pAyAle jAya, sApa khAye ne mukhaDu thothu, eha ukhANo nyAya ho-ku. mugatitaNA abhilASI tapiyA, jJAna ne dhyAna abhyAle, . vayarIDU kAi ehevu' cite, nAkhe avale pAse ho-ku0 Agama Agamadharane hAthe, nAve kiNavidhi zrAku, kihAM kaNe jo haTha karI haTaku, to vyAlataNI pare vAMku ho-ku0 jo Thaga kahu to Thagato na dekhu, sAhukAra paNa nAhi, sarvamAhe te sahuthI alagu, e acarija manamAhI ho-ku. je-je kahu te kAna na dhAre, Apa mate rahe kAlo, ___ sura nara paMDita jana samajAve, samaje na mAro sAlo ho-ku. meM jANyu e liMga napusaka, sakala maradane Thele, bIjI vAte samaratha che nara, ehane koi jele ho-ku. mana sAdhyu teNe saghalu sAdhyu, eha bAta nahIM khoTo, ema kahe sAdhyute navi mAnu, e kahI bAta che moTI ho ku. manaDudurArAdhya teM vaza pANyu, te pAgamathI mati prANu', 'Anandaghana' prabhu mAharu prANo to sAMcu karI jANu ho-ku. [rAga-rAga AzAvarI] SaD darzana jina-aMga bhaNIje, nyAsa SaDaMga jo sAdhe re, nami jinavaranA caraNa upAsaka, SaDdarazana pArAdhe re-ssdd| Jain Education intematona ForPrivate &Personal Use Only ___
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________________ wwwww jina sura pAdapa pAya vakhANu, sAMkhya joga doya bhede re, Atma-sattA vitraraNa karatA, laho duga aMga akhede re - SaD0 meda abheda sugata mImAMsaka, jinavara doSa kara bhArI re, lokAloka avalaMbana bhajiye, gurunamadhI avadhArI reSa lokAyatika kUkha jinavaranI, aMza vicAra jo kIje re, tava - vicAra jo kIje re, gurugamaviNa kima pIje re-SaDU0 jaina jinezvara vara uttama aMga, aMtaraMga bahiraMge re, akSara nyAsa dharA ArAdhaka, zrArAdhe gharI saMge re - SaD0 jinavaramA saghaLA darzana che, darzana jinavara bhajanA re, sAgaramA rughaLI taTinI sahI, taTinImAM sAgara bhajanA re-SaD0 jinasvarUpa thai jina zrArAdhe, te sahI jinavara hove re, bhRMgI ilikAne paTakAve, tegI jana joye repa0 pUrNa bhAgya sUtra niyukti, vRtti parampara anubhava re, samaya- puruSanA aMga kahyAM e, je chede te durlabha re - SaD0 mudrA bIjadhAraNA akSara, nyAsa arthaM viniyoge re, je dhyAve te navi vaMcIje, kriyA avaMcaka bhoge re - par3a0 zruta anusAra vicAro bolu suguru tathAvidha na mile re, kiriyA karI nAva sAdhi zakIye, e viSavAda citta saghaLe re - SaD0 pooto to lotoja te mATe ubho kara joDI, jinavara Agala kahiye re, samaya caraNa sevA zuddha dejo, jima 'Anandavana' lahiye re - SaD0 ( nidraDI veraNa hui rahI -- yaha dezI ) prItar3I, kiMma kIje ho kaho catura vicAra, prabhujI jai aLagA vasyA, tihAM ko navi ho koI vacana uccAra | kAgaLa paNa pahoMce nahi, navi pahoMce ho tihAM ko paradhAna lokottara mAga / je pahoMce te tuma samo, navi bhAkhe ho kIno vyavadhAna | prIti kare te giyA, jina-rajI ho tume to vItarAga, prItar3I jeha rAgIthI, melavavI te ho prIti zranAdinI viSa bharI, te rIte ho karavA muja bhAva, karavo nirviSa prItar3I, kie bhAMte ho kaho bane banAva thakI, je tor3e ho se jor3e eDa, puruSathI rAgatA, ekatA ho dAkhI guNa geha / nijaprabhutA ho pragaTe guNarAza, 'devacandra' nI sevanA, Ape muje ho avicala sukhavAsa / RSabha jiNaMdasu muni zrI mizrImala 'madhukara': jIvana-vRtta: 57 prIti anaMtI para parama prabhu jIne avalambatAM odioto alol alolololololol *******************
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________________ 300300300302030130030030030030233030030030030 18 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : prathama adhyAya ( harIgIta chanda) to kaho, bahu puNya kerA puMjathI zubha deha mAnavano malyo, toye zrare bhava-cakrano zrAMTo nahi eke Talyo, sukha prApta karatAM sukha Tale che, leza e lakSe laho, kSaNa-kSaNa bhayaMkara bhAva maraNe, kAM graho rAcI raho ? lakSmI zrane adhikAra bacata zuM kuTuMba ke parivAra thI vadhavApaNu e naya graho, vadhavApaNu saMsAranu naradehane hArI jayo, eno vicAra nahi ho ! ho ! eka pala tamane ho, nirdoSa sukha nirdoSa Ananda, tyo game tyAMthI bhale, e divya zaktimAna jothI, jaMjI paravastumAM nahi suro, enI dayA mujane rahI, e tyAgavAM siddhAnta ke pazcAt duHkha te sukha nahi, dukoNakyAMcI bhayo svarUpa aisA vaha ! konA saMbaMdha vaLagaNa che, rAkhu ke e pariharu, eno vicAra vivekapUrvaka, zAnta bhAve jo karyA, to sarva Amaka jJAnano siddhAnta tavo dhanubhanyo. te prApta karavA vacana konu, satya kevala mAnavu, nirdoSa naranu kathana mAno, teha jeNe anubhava', re Atma tAro, re grAma tAro, zIghra pune oLakha sarvAtmamAM samadRSTi dyo, e vacanane vacanane hRdaye lo| hama to kabahuM na nija ghara Aye / para ghara phirata bahuta dina bIte nAma zraneka dharAye / hama to kabahuM na nija ghara zrAye / magana hU~, paraparasti lapaTAye / manohara, cetanabhAva na bhAye / hama to kabahuM na nija ghara thAye / nara, pazu, deva, naraka nija jAnyau parajayabuddhi lahAye / amala, akhaNDa, atula, avinAzI zrAtamaguna nahIM gAye / hama to kabahuM na nija ghara zrAye / yaha bahu bhUla bhaI hamarI phira, kahA kAja pachatAye / 'dIna'viSavana ko sataguru vacana suhaaye| 2 hama to kabahuM na nija ghara Aye / para pada nijapada mAna zuddha-buddha sukhakanda library.org
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________________ muni zrI mizrImala 'madhukara' jIvana-vRtta : 56 aba hama amara bhaye, na mareMge 11 jA- kArana mithyAta diyau taja, kyoM kari deha dhareMge ? aba hama zramara bhaye, na mareMge // upajai-mare kAla teM pAnI, tAtai kAla hareMge ! rAga-doSa jaga bandha karata haiM, unako nAza kreNge| aba hama amara bhaye, na mareMge // deha vinAzI meM avinAzI, meda kreNge| bheda-jJAna nAzI jAsI, hama vizvAsI, cokhe hoM nikhrNge| 1 aba hama amara bhaye, na mareMge // bisareMge 1 sumara rauM ge / amara bhaye, na mareMge // mare anantavAra, bina samajheM, aba saba dukha 'dyAnata' nipaTa nikaTa do akSara, bina suma aba hama apanI sudhi bhUla zrApa, jyoM zuka nabha cAla bisari, zrApa dukha upAyau 1 nalinI laTakAyau / apanI sudhi bhUla Apa, Apa dukha upAyau // cetana avirudva zuddha, darazabodhamaya vizuddha taji jar3a rasa pharasa rUpa, pudgala apanAyau / apanI sudhi bhUla Apa, Apa dukha upAyau 11 indriya sukha dukha meM nitta, pAga rAga-rukha meM citta / dAyaka bhava- vipattivRnda, baMdha ko pAyau / cAha- dAha dAhai, samatA-sudhA na gAhai, apanI sudhi bhUla Apa, Apa dukha upAyau 11 tyAgau na tAha caahai| jina-nikaTa jo batAyau / apanI sudhi bhUla Apa, Apa dukha upAyau 11 mAnuSa bhava sukula pAya, jinavara zAsana lahAya / 'daula' nija svabhAva bhaja, anAdi jo na dhyAvau / apanI sudhi bhUla Apa, Apa dukha upAyau / jyoM zuka nabha-cAla bisari, nalinI laTakAyau // antara ujjvala karanA re bhAI ! kapaTa kRpAna tajai nahiM tabalauM, karanI kAja na saranA re / antara ujjvala karanA re bhAI ! 20830820830683063062308305260530300300
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________________ 60 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya Shuo Di Di Di Qi Huo Liu Qi Lu Duan Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Qi japa tapa tIratha jajJa vratAdika, Agama artha ucaranA re / viSaya kaSAya kIca nahiM boyo, yoM hI paci paci maranA re / antara ujjvala karanA re bhAI ! bAhira bheSa kriyA ura zuci soM, kIye pAra utaranA re| nAhIM hai saba loka raMjanA, aise vedana varanA re| antara ujjvala karanA re bhAI ! kAmAdika mala sauM mana mailA, bhajana kiye kyA tiranA re ! 'bhUdhara' nIla vasana para kaise, kesara raMga ucharanA re ? antara ujjvala karanA re bhaaii| cetana, ulTI cAla cale / jar3a saMgati sauM jar3atA vyApI, nija guna sakala Tale / cetana, ulTI cAla cale / hitasauM viraci ThaganisauM rAce, moha pizAca chale / ha~si-ha~si phanda sa~vAri prApahI, melata Apa gale / cetana, ulTI cAla cale / Aye nikasi nigoda sindhu teM, phira tiha paMtha Tale / kaise paragaTa hoya bhAga jo dabI pahAra tale / cetana, ulTI cAla cale / bhUle bhava-bhrama vIci 'banArasi' tuma surajJAna bhale / dhara zubha dhyAna jJAna-naukA car3hi, baiThe te nikale / cetana, ulTI cAla cale / rAma kaho, rahamAna kaho koU, kAna kaho mahAdeva rii| pArasanAtha kaho, koI brahmA, sakala brahma svayameva rii| bhAjana bheda kahAvata nAnA, eka mRttikA rUpa rii| taise khaNDa kalpanAropita, Apa akhaNDa sarUpa rii| rAma kaho, rahamAna kaho kouu...| nija pada rame rAma so kahie, rahima kare rahimAna rii| karpe karama kAna so kahie, mahAdeva nirvANa rii| rAma kaho, rahimAna kaho kouu....| parase rUpa pArasa so kahie, brahma cInheM so brahma rii| aha vidhi sAdho zrApa 'Anandadhana', cetana meM niSkarma rii| rAma kaho, rahamAna kaho kouu...| Jain Education Intemational
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________________ muni zrImizrImala 'madhukara' : jIvana-vRtta : 61 NEM84105243984482X2009ERS apUrva avasara apUrva abasara evo kyAre zrAvaze ? kyAre thaIzu bAhyAntara nirgrantha jo / sarva sambandhanu baMdhana tIcaNa chedI ne, vicarazu kva mahatpuruSane paMtha jo / sarvabhAvadhI audasInya vRtti karI, mAtra deha te saMyama-hetu hoya jo / anya kAraNe anya kazu kalpe nahi, paNa kicit mUrchA naba joya jo / darzanamoha vyatIta thaI upajyo bodha je, deha bhinna kevala caitanyanu jJAna jo| ethI prakSINa cAritramoha vilokIe, vatta evu zuddhasvarUpanu dhyAna jo| zrAtmasthiratA vraNa saMkSipta yoganI, mukhyapaNe to varte deha paryanta jo / ghora pariSaha ke upasarga bhaye karI, zrAvI zake nahiM te sthiratAno anta jo / saMyamanA hetuthI yoga-pravartanA, svarUpalakSe jina-zrAjJA zrAdhIna jo| te paNa kSaNa-kSaNa ghaTatI jatI sthitimAM, aMte thAya nija svarUpamA lIna jo| paMca viSayamA rAgadveSa-virahitatA, paMca pramAde na male manano kSobha jo / dravya, kSetra ne kAla, bhAva pratibandha viNa, vicaravu udayAdhIna paNa bItalobha jo| krodha pratye to varte krodha svabhAvatA, mAna pratye to dInapaNAnu mAna jo / mAyA pratye mAyA sAkSIbhAvanI, lobha pratye nahi lobha samAna jo / bahu upasargakartA pratye paNa krodha nahiM, vaMde cakrI tathApi na maLe mAna jo| deha jAya paNa mAyA thAya na romamAM, lobha nahi cho prabala siddhi nidAna jo / nagnabhAva, muNDabhAva saha-asnAnatA, adaMtadhAvana Adi parama prasiddha jo| keza, roma, nakha ke aMga zRMgAra nahi, dravya-bhAva saMyamamaya nirgrantha siddhi jo / zatru-mitra pratye varte samadarzitA, mAnazramAne varte te ja svabhAva jo| jIvita ke maraNe nahi nyUnAdhikatA, bhavamokSe paNa varte zuddha svabhAva jo / ekAkI vicarato balI zmazAna mAM, baLI parvatamAM vAgha siMha-saMyoga jo| aDola Asana ne manamAM nahi kSobhatA, parama mitrano jANe pAmyA yoga jo / ghora tapazcaryAmAM (paNa) manane tApa nahi, sarasa anne nahi manane prasannabhAva jo / rajakaNa ke ridvi vaimAnika devanI, sarve mAnyAM pudgala eka svabhAva jo / ema parAjaya karIne cAritramohano, AvRtyAM jyAM karaNa apUrva bhAva jo / zreNI kSapaka taNI karIne prArUr3hatA, ananya cintana, atizaya zuddha svabhAva jo / moha-svayaMbhUramaNasamudra tarI karI, sthiti tyAM jyAM kSINamohaguNasthAna jo| anta samaya tyA pUrNasvarUpa vItarAga thaI, pragaTAU~ nija kevalajJAna-nidhAna jo / cAra karma ghanaghAtI te vyavaccheda jyAM, bhavanA vIja taNo prAtyantika nAza jo| sarvabhAvajJAtA draSTA saha zuddhatA, kRtakRtya prabhu vIrya anantaprakAza jo| vedanIyAdi cAra karma varte jyAM, vaLI sIMdarIvat zrAkRtimAtra jo / te dehAyuSa AdhIna jenI sthiti che, AyuSa pUrNe maTI e daihika pAtra jo / mana, vacana, kAyA ne karmanI vargaNA, chUTe jahAM sakala pudgala sambandha jo / evu ayogI guNasthAnaka tyAM vartatu, mahAbhAgya sukhadAyaka pUrNa abaMdha jo / Jain Education Intemational
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________________ 62 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya eka paramANu mAtranI male na sparzatA, pUrNa kalaMka rahita aDola svarUpa jo / zuddha nirajana caitanya mUrti ananyamaya, agurulaghu, amUrta sahaja padarUpa jo / pUrvaprayogAdi karaNanAM yogathI, Urdhva gamana siddhAlaya prApta susthita jo| sAdi ananta, ananta samAdhi sukhamAM, ananta darzana, jJAna ananta sahita jo| je pada zrI sarvajJe dITujJAnamAM, kahI zakyA nahIM te paNa zrI bhagavAna jo / teha svarUpane anya vANI te zukahe ! anubhavagocara mAtra rahyate jJAna jo / eha paramapada prAptinu karya dhyAna meM, gajA vagara ne hAla manoratha rUpa jo| to paNa nizcaya 'rAjacand' manane rahyo, prabhu-AjJAe thAzu teja svarUpa jo / svAmIjI ke kRtitva ke namUne vitara vArida ! vAri davAture, cira-pipAsita-cAtaka-potake / pracalite pavane kSaNamanyathA, kva ca bhavAn kva payaH kva ca cAtakaH / isa zloka ke bhAvoM para : vega padhAro re megharAja ! mayA kara kAja sudhAro re / dhruva / maiM bAlaka mati-hIna dIna ati, yaha hai kAja tumhAro re| tar3apha rayA hai prANa hamArA, matI visAro re / vega0 / tuma-ghara mAhI koI kamI nA, bharyA akhuTa bhaMDAro re| para-upakArI kAraja sAre, leI udhAro re / vega0 / karU arajI maiM garajI hokara, aura nahIM zrAdhAro re / Tuka eka mahara najara kara mujha para, dukhar3o TAro re / vega0 / jo nahIM vA iNa avasara to, nahIM hai mhAro sAro re|| dakSiNa-pavana jhapATe saTake, hosI udhAro re / vegaH / phUTa jagata meM ghara kI phUTa burI hai / dhruva / phUTa burI hai zrApasa kerI, soco Apa jarUrI / eka-eka se vaira bar3hAkara, bhUle kAma jarUrI / jagata / zAMti kA nAza kare ika china meM, phUTa rAkSasI pUrI / kalaha bar3hAvata, prema ghaTAvata, bAta banAvata kUrI / jagata / phUTa bhaI rAvana ke ghara meM, bhayo vibhISaNa dUrI / sovanI laMka gamAya aAjalo bAjata apajasa tUrI / jagata / kaurava-pAMDava phUTa bhaI jaba, jhagaDayA bAta bhrii| 'bhISama' 'karaNa' se vIra khapAye, mAnI na bAta garUrI / jagata / ASEAN SEA Jain Education Interational
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________________ muni zrImizrImala 'madhukara' : jIvana-vRtta : 63 (rAjImatI se vivAha karane ke liye jAte samaya mArga meM bAr3oM meM aura piMjaroM meM saMruddha pazu aura pakSiyoM ko dekhakara bhagavAn neminAtha kA sArathI se pUchanA-) bhagavAn kaise macAyA zora jIvoM ne, kaipe macAyA zora // dhruva / / vanacara jIva ko bana hai pyArA, murajha rahe pNkhoN-vaar|| dekha rahe cahUM aura // jIvo ne / / tar3apha rahe haiM prANa inoM ke, prabala sahAya na dI jinoM ke / kima mele kiye ina Thaura / / jIvoM ne // sArathI-sArathI sajjana vAkya suNI ke, dayAbhAva hai hRdaya jinhIM ke| araja kare kara jora / / jIvoM ne / / kAraNa Apa vivAha ke mAMI, bhojana kAja haneMge taaii| sAMca kahUM ziramora // jIvoM ne // bhagavan ! bhArI dIna dayAlA, saba jIvoM ke haiM rakhavAlA / baMdhana diye saba khola // jIvoM ne // upadezI bhajana zrApa muvA~ jaga sUnA hai to hI pApa karata nara dUnA hai| dhruva0 // puha kahAvata saba nara bhAkhe, ina kA bhAva na ghaTa meM raakhe| jaise AhAra alUnA hai| Apa0 // mukha se kahanA vaisA karanA, ina bAtoM se hove tirnaa| dharanA citta meM karuNA hai| Apa0 // jAnA hai jaga meM nahIM rahanA, uttama mAraga meM nita rahanA / samajo Apa salUnA hai| aap0|| [jaina-rAmAyaNa ke anusAra kiSkidhA ke svAmI bAlI ne saMyama grahaNa kiyA thA, usa avasara para prastuta racanA] rAja taja bAlI bhae munirAja ||dhruv // rAja-kAja saba tyAga diyo hai, sAmya-sudhA-rasapAna kiyo hai| chor3a viSaya ke sAja ||raaj0 // samiti gupti zuddha ArAdhe, manasA nita hita sAdhana sAdhe / saba jaMtu hita kAja // rAja0 // aSTApada giri zrApa padhAre, viSama bhAva saba dUra nivAre / tAraNa - taraNa jahAja / raaj0|| sura-nara muni kI sevA karata hai, karma maila nija dUra harata hai| sevata bhavya-samAja // zaja. / /
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________________ 64 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya [apanI dAsI ko curAkara le jAne vAle ujjayinInareza caMDapradyotana para vijaya kara use bandI banA kara apanI rAjadhAnI vItabhaya-pATana kI ora le jAte samaya mArga meM Ae hue sAMvatsarika parva para rAjA udAyI-] bAra-bAra mujha arajI aisI, suNa lIjo mahipata ! sArI / aAja saMvatsarI parva manohara, zrApa khamAvo hitakArI / bAra-bAra / cAra AhAra taja aSTa pahariyA, pauSadha vrata lIdho dhaarii| vaira-virodha tajI samabhAve, khattA mApha karo mhArI / bAra-bAra / caNDa pradyotana bhUpa na mAne, kima bolo tuma avicArI / najara kaida kara dAsIpati ko, viruda diyo hai badakArI / bAra-bAra / dhanya-dhanya jaga meM rAya 'udAI', pUraNa smtaa-rs-dhaarii| zrApa kayo (so) maMjUra saraba hai, kSamata kSAmaNA kiyA bhArI / bAra-bAra / noTa-svAmIjI mahArAja ne aneka racanAe~ kI thIM, unameM kucha upalabdha huI haiM, ve yahA~ dI gaI haiM. ve kabhI apanI racanA para apanA nAma nahIM lagAte the. svAmIjI ke varSAvAsa nAgaura - vi0 saM016 sau-54, 81, 85, 2002. vyAvara - vi0 saM0 19 sau-66, 76, 77, 83, 86, 86,65, 66, 2007, 8, 16. tiMvarI - vi0 saM016 sau-56, 62, 64, 70, 73, 77, 84, 87, 62, 2006, 2015. jodhapura -- vi0 saM0 16 sau-61, 61, 2000, 2014. pAlI - vi0 saM0 16 sau-66, 71, 74, 80, 63, 67. jayapura - vi0 saM0 16 sau 60, 2012. harasolAva- vi0 saM0 16 sau-55, 58, 67, 78. mer3atA - vi0 saM016-sau-66, 2017. kAlU - vi0 saM0 19 sau-56. visalapura - vi0 saM0 16 sau-63. Deha - vi0 saM0 2003. bhopAlagar3ha-vi0 saM0 2005. vijayanagara-vi0 saM0 2006. ajamera - vi0 saM0 2010. nokhA - vi0 saM0 2013. kucerA - vi0 saM016 sau-57, 60, 65, 68, 72, 75, 82, 88,64, 18, 20012004, 2011,1017. - vi.saM vi0 saM0 19 sau ke 54 se 85 taka guru mahArAja ke sAtha aura zeSa varSAvAsa svataMtra. . noTa M ~ . : Jain Education Intemational
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________________ ana amheM jAma jogAUle nayayasta ati vizvake zaNa vAkarode vAla dhana nazoMketa dhyAna navyalagodhAmama dIyadeva mitketrA vimalakamalasamanayanadana TInAlavikoSa satyarUpamukhavakhikA zrutistundara gharavazAnta guruvarathAyadaApakA bAhyasya vizavakAnta girAdhAzacitamannaga yAvyazitva mahAna svaravinIcijamaya diyacanI vyAkhyAna - manameMthIpratimadhuratA sIdhA sAdA vejJA samanvayAtmaka AyakA thAzAzvatasandevA janajanakezatisahajathA sudhdasaumyasannAva jAlimAlayanaMdita samagaradAsamanAva mereyarathI ApakI kRpApratI apAra varadahasta abadokadAM merekaruNA dhAra ramadA saMyata saaa zonAvannadosAdhanA jIrAvarajayagAna milenatiradAna jyadajArImahanata bajake dilake devatA saccidAnanda nAma zanadezlAma sunibajalAla vi.sa. 2026hitIyavaizvapna vyAvara prAcIna lipi meM likhita muni zrIbrajalAlajo kI bhAvapUrNa sahaja abhivyakti
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________________ 200000*220****** 66 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya zramaNasaMghAcArya zrIAnandaRSijI mahArAja sarala hRdaya santa svayaM sanmArga para calane aura samAja ko satpatha kA bodha karAne ke liye santa-saMsthA kI upayogitA mAnI gaI hai. jJAnadarzana-cAritrya kI tripathagA mAnavamedinI meM pravAhita kara santa, janasamudAya meM AdhyAtmika avagAhana kI sundara suvidhA prastuta karate haiM. santoM kI isa zItala nirmalasalilA-surasaritA ke amRtopama payaHpAna se-bhavya prANI apanI paramArthapipAsA ko zAnta karate haiM aura isI meM nimajjanonmajjana kara kaSAyakaluSa kA prakSAlana karake satya, tathya aura pathya kI punIta preraNA pradAna karate haiM jo unake jIvana ko prazasta banAne meM sahAyaka siddha hotI hai. ataeva samAja kI suvyavasthA ke liye Adarza saMgha kI sthApanA karate samaya vItarAga tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ne apane sAdhusAdhvI, zrAvaka-zrAvikA rUpa caturvidha tIrtha meM saMyamI varga ko mUrdhanya sthAna dekara use AtmakalyANa kI sAdhanA ke dRr3ha saMkalpa ke sAtha-sAtha samAja meM AtmajAgRti prastuta karane kA uttaradAyitva bhI supurda kiyA. zraddheya svargIya zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja AtmasAdhanA ke pavitra patha para svayaM calate hue samparka meM AnevAle jijJAsu janoM ko bhI satpatha kI zikSA pradAna karate the. ApakA svabhAva bahuta hI sarala thA. kSamA, mRdutA Adi sAdhuguNa Apake andara vizeSa rUpameM vidyamAna the. ina vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa marudharA (rAjasthAna) ke suyogya santa ke rUpa meM Apa prakhyAta hae. saMgha-aikya ke kArya se rAjasthAna meM vicarate samaya Apake darzana kA suavasara prApta huA thA. pratyakSa milana se Apake viziSTa svabhAva kA paricaya prApta kara aMtaHkaraNa meM pramodabhAvanA jAgRta huI. Apa apane ziSyasamudAya evaM nezrAya meM rahe hue santoM ke sAtha bahuta hI kRpApUrNa madhura vyavahAra rakhate the. ApakI chApa Apake suyogya ziSya zrImadhukara jI para acchI dikhAI de rahI hai. Apa uccakoTi ke vidyAbhilASI, saMyamaniSTha, mahAna guNI santa haiM. Apa garva se bahuta hI dUra rahate haiM. pRthaka-pRthaka sampradAyoM ke kAraNa sAmpradAyikatA ke doSa, samAja meM kalaha, matabheda Adi vyApta hote dekha jaba catuvidha saMgha ke netAoM ne apanI AvAja bulanda kI, taba jina munivaroM ne apane sAmpradAyika moha kA tyAga kara saMgaThanatattva ko protsAhana dene kA nizcaya kiyA, unameM zraddheya zrIhajArImala jI mahArAja eka niSThAvAn santa the. Apane apanI saMpradAya-paramparA ko zramaNa-saMgha meM vilIna kara sAMpradAyika pravartaka padavI kA parityAga kara diyA thA. jo niSThA Apane saMgaThana ke prati vyakta kI usakA paripAlana jIvana-paryanta kiyA. Apake vyaktitva se prabhAvita hokara zramaNasaMgha ne Apako saMgha kA prAntIya maMtrI pada pradAna kiyA. isa uttaradAyittva kA parivahana bhI Apane kuzalatApUrvaka kiyA. Aja Apa apane pArthiva deha meM virAjamAna nahIM rahe, tathApi ApakA yazaH zarIra Aja bhI samAja kI antaSTi kA viSaya banA huA hai. usa santa-jIvana kI punIta puSpavATikA se Aja samAja saurabhAnvita ho rahA hai. zramaNa ke jina Adarza guNoM dvArA Apane apanI AtmA ko utkRSTa banAyA, zramaNagaNa svAmIjI ke ina guNaratnoM kI samArAdhanA se apanI AtmA ko saphala banAne kI preraNA prApta kareM, isI bhAvanA ke sAtha usa parama zradeya mahAna santa ko maiM apanI zraddhAMjali samarpita karatA hU~. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~ : 67 upAdhyAya zrI zramaramunijI mahArAja maMgalamUrti santa antarajagat kA yAtrI jaina saMskRti kI sAdhanA aMtaHparimArjana kI sAdhanA hai, AtmapariSkAra kI upAsanA hai. vaha bAhara ke veSa aura karmakANDa kI camaka-damaka meM hI parisamApta nahIM hotI hai. usakA mArga bAhara meM utanA nahIM, jitanA ki aMdara se hokara gujaratA hai. yahI kAraNa hai ki mahAzramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ne mukti kI vivecanA karate hue strI, puruSa, napuMsaka, brAhmaNa, kSatriya vaizya, zUdra, svaliMga, anyaliMga sabhI ko AMtarika vItarAgabhAva kI caramapariNati meM mokSa honA pratipAdana kiyA hai. marudharA ke mahAn santa zraddheya hajArImalajI mahArAja isI antaraMga sAdhanApatha ke prazasta yAtrI the. bAlyakAla ke punIta kSaNoM meM ve sAdhutva kI nirmala bhUmi para avatarita hue. taba se satata, binA kisI prakAra kA zoragula macAye, vijJApanabAjI se dUra, maunabhAva se aMdara hI aMdara sadguru- nirdiSTa adhyAtmapatha para agrasara hote rahe. AMdhI AyI, tUphAna Aye, sukha-duHkha ke bhayaMkara bhaMjhAvAta uThe, parantu ve na kahIM ruke, na kahIM bhaTake. yauvanakAla ke ghanAndhakAra meM, viveka evaM vairAgya kI masAla lekara, jisa zAnadAra DhaMga se ve jIvana meM prakAza phailA sake, maMjila para pahu~ca sake vaha bhaviSya ke sAdhakoM ke lie mUrtimAn Adarza bana gayA. nakha - zikha sarala kyA gRhastha aura kyA santa, sabhI sAdhakoM kI sAdhanA kA mahAprANa saralatA hai, niSkapaTatA hai, adaMbhatA hai. Atmavizuddhi ke liye saralatA jaisA amogha sAdhana, dUsarA aura kauna hai ? bAhya AcAra pracAra nyUnAdhika ho sakatA hai. kSetra kAla Adi kI paristhitiyoM ke anusAra kriyAkalApa meM ghaTAva bar3hAva sadA se kSamya rahA hai aura rahegA. parantu jo bhI ho, jitanA bhI ho, vaha sarala zuddha bhAva se ho, isameM kahIM bhI kabhI bhI do mata nahIM haiM. ghRtasikta pAvaka ke samAna sahaja sarala sAdhanA nirdhUma hotI hai, nirmala hotI hai bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA hai sohI ujjaya-bhUyassa, dhammo suhassa ciTThaI, vizva paramaM ja ghayasitteva pAvae ! zraddheya hajArImalajI mahArAja, sarala bhAva kI jyotirmaya mUrti the. ve kAvya kI bhASA meM nakha zikha sarala the, nirdambha the. maiMne unheM nikaTa se dekhA hai, byAvara aura jayapura ke varSAvAsa meM unake satat sAhacarya meM rahA hU~. mAravAr3a aura mevAr3a kI durgama vihAra yAtrA meM kitanI hI bAra unheM parakhA hai, ve zata-pratizata, sarala aura adambhabhAva kI kasauTI para khare utare haiM. AcAra sarala, vicAra sarala, aura paraspara ke saba vyavahAra sarala. jo bhI kiyA, vaha sApha, jo bhI kahA vaha bhI sApha kahIM chupAva nahIM, durAva nahIM. ve nAka kI sIdhI rAha calane ke AdI the. agala-bagala kI cAla unheM pasanda nahIM thI. athavA yoM kahiye ki ve Ter3hI-mer3hI rAha calanA hI nahIM jAnate the. sampradAyAtIta mAnasa svargIya zrAtmA sthAnakavAsI paraMparA ke santa the, Thula-mula nahIM, niSThAvAn santa. sthAnakavAsI AcAra aura vicAra ke prati maiMne unheM kAphI sajaga aura satarka pAyA hai. parantu usakA yaha artha nahIM ki unakI yaha sva-niSThA dUsaroM ke prati ghRNA kA bhAva rakhatI thI. sva-niSThA hote hue bhI dUsaroM ke prati udAra aura udAtta bhAvanA koI unase sIkhA hotA. maiMne unake caraNoM meM jahA~ eka ora sthAnakavAsI bhakta zraddhAvanata baiThe dekhe haiM, vahA~ dUsarI ora zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka, vaiSNava, Arya samAjI Adi bhakta jana bhI bhAva-vibhora mudrA meM darzana karate dekhe haiM. munizrI kI tatkAlIna prasanna mukhamudrA kI vaha divyachavi 306304303003030030030223083013003003003034
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________________ 68 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya Gang Cha Cha Qi Cha Cha Cha Cha Cha Cha Cha Cha Cha Cha Ke Cha Cha Ben Bing Ju Aja bhI hRdayapaTala para aMkita haiM. eka ora unake mukha-kamala se jaina-santa Anandaghana. devacanda, jayamallajI mahArAja Adi ke vicArottejaka bhajanoM kI madhura mAdaka sugaMdha prasUta hotI thI, vahA~ dUsarI ora marmI vaiSNava santoM ke AdhyAtmika padoM kA parAga bhI kucha kama mohaka nahIM hotA thA. unakA nirmala mAnasa sampradAya-vizeSa se saMbaMdhita hote hue bhI sampradAyAtIta thA. ve vyakti kI apekSA guNoM kI pUjA ko mahattva dete the. satya kahIM bhI ho, kisI kA bhI ho, vaha saba unakA thA aura usI samaSTigata satya ko ve mukta bhAva se sarala, sarasa ADambara hIna bhASA meM samaSTi ko arpaNa karate the. vinamra hI nahIM, pravinamra santa vinamratA kI sAkSAt mUrti hotA hai. jise ahaMkAra chU gayA vaha santa kaisA ? kyoMki ahaMkAra aura sAdhutA kA zAzvata vaira hai-'tejastimirayoriva'. bhagavAn mahAvIra kahate haiM-dharma kA mUla vinaya hai-'dhammasya viNao mUlaM' santa zreSTha nAnaka, santoM kI paribhASA ke sambandha meM kahate haiM _ 'nAnaka nanheM ho raho jaise nanhIM dUba.' zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja aise hI vinamra santa the. vinamra kyA, prakarSatAbodhaka 'pra' upasarga lagAkara kahanA cAhie, vaha pravinamra santa the. apanI paramparA ke mAne hue, vayovRddha, bhakta maMDala meM yazasvI, phira bhI itane vinamra ki Azcaryacakita ho jAnA par3atA thA. nirdhana, dhanI, bAla, vRddha, gRhastha, santa sabhI ke sAtha unakA vaha sahaja udArabhAva thA, hRdaya aura vANI kA vaha vilakSaNa mAdhurya thA ki paricaya meM Ane vAlA hara vyakti gadgada ho uThatA thA. unheM choTe-se-choTe sAdhuoM ke samakSa bhI natamastaka namaskAra mudrA meM dekhA hai. maiM svayaM unase Ayu aura dIkSA meM kAfI laghu hU~, phira bhI mujhe unase vANI aura vyavahAra meM vaha sammAna milatA rahA hai jisakI koI dUrastha kalpanA bhI kare to kaise kare ? dayA kA devatA dayA sAdhanA kA navanIta hai. karuNA kI anavarata rasadhArA hI sAdhaka kI sAdhanA-bhUmi ko urvarA banAtI hai. dayA dharma kI gaMgA ke mahAtIra para hI anya saba dharmoM evaM sadguNoM ke kalpataru phUlate-phalate haiM. santa to dayA kA devatA hI mAnA jAtA hai. vaha sva-para kA bheda-vibhAva kiye binA sabako eka hI bhAva se prema aura karuNA kA, vAtsalya aura dayA kA amRta vitaraNa karatA hai. santoM kA hRdaya navanIta se bhI vilakSaNa snehArdra hotA hai. navanIta para-tApa se nahIM, sva-tApa se hI dravita hotA hai, kintu santa-hRdaya kA dravatva sadaiva para-tApa se hI hotA hai, sva-tApa se nahIM. zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja ne svabhAvataH hI vaha adbhuta dayAI hRdaya pAyA thA ki jisake kAraNa unakI sAdhutA pratikSaNa jyotirmaya hotI calI gaI. paraduHkhadarzana to kyA, paraduHkha kI kathA mAtra se hI unakA komala hRdaya candrakAntamaNivat vicalita ho uThatA thA, A~khoM se azrudhArA taka baha nikalatI thI. ve AcArya siddhasena divAkara ke zabdoM meM--'tvaM nAtha duHkhijana-vatsala hai zaraNya !' kA sarvatobhadra maMgala rUpa dhAraNa kara lete the. ajara-amara jIvana ke dhanI santa zabda saMskRtabhASA ke sat zabda se banA hai, jisakA artha hai---avinAzI, ajara-amara, trikAlAbAdhita sattva-sattA ! kyoMki santa zarIra nahIM hotA, AtmA hotA hai. AtmA kA vaha divya teja, jo mahAkAla ke aMdhakAra se na kabhI AcchAdita huA hai na Acchanna. vaha kabhI hogA bhI nahIM. santa zarIra se marakara bhI AtmA se amara hai. apane divya guNoM ke prakAza se avinAzI hai. zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja, bhale hI dehAkAra se hama meM nahIM rahe haiM, parantu apane divyaguNoM ke bhAvAkAra se to aba bhI hama saba meM sAkSAt vidyamAna haiM. unake sAdhutva kA mUla rUpa, aba bhI hama saba ke bhAva-kakSa meM, jyoM kA tyoM virAjamAna hai. unakI smRti, unake nirmala sAdhutva ko apane hRdaya meM sadA sarvadA saMjoye rakhane meM hai. AN TERRANA ATTA Jain Education Internat personal or jainelbrary.org
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyAM : 66 divagaMta ke vartamAna pratinidhi zrIbrajalAla jI mahArAja aura zrImadhukara munijI, vyAvahArika dRSTi se svargIya AtmA ke guru-bhrAtA hote haiM parantu uktamuni ne unameM bhrAtRtva kA nahIM, gurutva kA hI darzana kiyA hai. unakI sevA meM sadaiva dattacitta, unakI AjJApAlana ke lie satata satarka, sarvatobhAvena unake zrIcaraNoM meM sabakucha arpaNa--yaha saba guruziSya ke pavitra sambandha kA mUlyAMkana hai, jisameM mere donoM snehI sahayogI khare utare haiM. maiM amara vizvAsa ke sAtha kaha sakatA hU~-svargIya AtmA ke punIta darzanoM kA lAbha Aja bhI unakA bhaktamaMDala, ukta muni-yugala meM kara sakatA hai. 'gurutvaM ziSyarUpeNa ciraM vijayatetarAm.' Cha Cha Cha Zhang Man Luo Luo Luo Luo Li Qi Shen Zi Qi Dai Zhang Chang Rong Yi DaoN0 indracandra, zAstrI, ema0e0, pI-eca0 DI0 muni zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja : kucha saMsmaraNa maiMne muni zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja ke sarvaprathama darzana 1934 I0 meM kiye the. grISmAvAkAza thA, maiM byAvara gurukula meM guruvara paM0 zrIzobhAcandrajI bhArilla ke pAsa ThaharA huA thA. Arthika AvazyakatA ke kAraNa maiM kisI asthAyI kAma kI khoja meM thA aura paNDitajI ne munizrI ke alpa-vayaska gurubhAI madhukara muni ko par3hAne ke lie bheja diyA. munizrI nAgaura (mAravAr3a) meM the. maiM vahA~ pahu~cA aura chuTTiyAM pUrI hone taka adhyApana karatA rahA. yaha silasilA bhaviSya ke lie bhI cala par3A aura maiM prativarSa grISmAvakAza meM unake pAsa jAne lagA. muni zrIhajArImalajI kA vihAra-kSetra mAravAr3a taka sImita thA. nAgaura, kucerA, khajavAnA, naukhA, harasolAva, jodhapura, tivarI, mathAniyA, sojata, kizanagar3ha, ajamera tathA byAvara unake priya kSetra the. do-tIna nagaroM ko chor3akara mAravAr3a kA praneza prAyaH azikSita hai. aneka sthAnoM para pAnI kA saMkaTa banA rahatA hai. grISmaRtu meM yaha aura bhI bar3ha jAtA hai. aise pradeza meM paidala ghUmakara dharmopadeza karanA apane Apa meM bahuta bar3I sAdhanA hai. yadi eka zabda meM kahA jAya to munizrI sacce sthAnakavAsI sAdhu the. unakI saralatA, nirabhimAnatA, sAdagI kA mujha para gaharA prabhAva par3A. mithyA ADambara dharma-saMsthA kI bahuta bar3I zakti hai. isake binA usakA pracAra nahIM ho pAtA aura pracAra ke binA dhArmika saMgaThana nahIM Tika sakatA. kintu vahI isake patana kA kAraNa bhI hai. sAdhaka bAhya-kAmanAoM se virakta hokara tyAga kA mArga apanAtA hai. kintu eka naye prakAra kI Asakti khar3I ho jAtI hai. ziSya-moha, pratiSThA-moha, anuyAyiyoM kA moha Adi usa Asakti ke vividha rUpa haiM. munizrI meM ADambara kA sarvathA abhAva thA. unhoMne na kabhI tapasyA kA pradarzana kiyA, na kabhI jJAna kA aura na kabhI caryA kA, maile kapar3e rakhakara unhoMne kabhI malladhArI banane kI bhI ceSTA nahIM kI. sAdhu-samAja se merA samparka bacapana se rahA hai aura usakA anukUla-pratikUla donoM prakArakA prabhAva par3A hai. eka bAra kI bAta hai, jahA~ hamArA vidyAlaya thA, eka prabhAvazAlI AcArya kA Agamana huA. vidyArthiyoM ke lie nAztA karane se pahale vyAyAma karanA hotA thA, phira munidarzana. usake pazcAt nAzte kI anumati milatI thI. AcAryazrI ke sAtha lagabhaga 20 sAdhu the. vyAyAma ke kAraNa thakAvaTa aura bhUkha pahale hI satAne lagatI thI. aisI sthiti meM pratyeka sAdhu ko tIna bAra uTha baiThakara vandanA karanA arthAt sATha baiThakeM aura lagAnA-basa kI bAta nahIM thI. pariNAmasvarUpa, pUrI vidhi kA pAlana kiye binA kevala hAtha jor3akara usa niyama ko nibhAyA jAne lagA. isa bAta kI turanta zikAyata ho gaI. eka dina saMsthA ke adhyakSa kI upasthiti meM AcAryazrI ke sAmane hamArI pezI huI aura yaha pUchA gayA ki hameM vandanA karanA AtA hai yA nahIM ? pratyeka vidyArthI ne vidhipUrvaka vandanA karake isa prazna kA uttara diyA. AcAryazrI ne punaH pUchA-pratidina pratyeka sAdhu ko isa prakAra vandanA kyoM nahIM kI jAtI ? mere mana meM isa kI bhayaMkara pratikriyA huI aura usake saMskAra abataka Jain Education Intemational
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________________ 70 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya 2EENERG29039300MMENXEXXEX bane hue haiM. usake pazcAt prAyaH aisA hotA ki jaba maiM darzana karane jAtA thA to eka-do sAdhuoM ko jAna-bUjhakara chor3a detA thA. ve dekhate rahate the aura maiM unheM vandanA kiye binA hI vApisa lauTa jAtA thA. isakI kaI prakAra kI pratikriyAe~ hotI thI. kucha sAdhu isakI upekSA kara dete the aura jaba do-cAra dina bAda maiM unake darzanArtha jAtA to vyavahAra meM koI antara nahIM dikhAI detA thA. unake prati hRdaya svAbhAvika zraddhA se jhuka jAtA thA. kucha aise hote the jo milane para apanI nArAjagI prakaTa karate the aura kucha AcAryazrI yA bar3e sAdhu ke pAsa zikAyata karate the, jo kramaza: saMsthA ke adhyakSa ke pAsa pahuMcatI thI. kucere kI bAta hai, ekabAra vahA~ kucha sAdhuoM kA Agamana huA. Ane ke do dina bAda maiM darzanArtha gayA. mere sAtha seTha mohanamala jI coraDiyA ke dvitIya putra pArasamalajI bhI the. unheM dekhakara sAdhujI ne unake bhAvI sasurAla ke samasta kuTumbiyoM ke nAma batAne zurU kiye. bAlaka cupacApa sunatA rahA. jaba bAhara nikalA, to pUchane lagA-sAdhuoM ko ina nAmoM se kyA matalaba thA ? dUsarI ora jaba sAdhujI ko yaha jJAta huA ki maiM eka jaina saMsthA kA vidyArthI rahA hU~ to pUchane lage-kala darzana karane kyoM nahIM Aye ? kyA bIkAnera meM bhI aisA hI karate the ? maiMne uttara diyA, vahA~ to aura bhI adhika vilamba ho jAtA thA. mujhe yaha mAlUma nahIM thA ki Apa isakI pratIkSA kara rahe haiM. usake pazcAt na maiM unake darzanArtha gayA aura na vaha sarala hRdaya bAlaka. munizrI hajArImalajI meM isa prakAra kI lokaSaNA nahIM thI. maiMne kaI bAra jAna-bUjhakara aisA kiyA ki unheM vandanA kiye binA hI zrImadhukara muni ko par3hAnA prArambha kara diyA kintu unake vyavahAra meM maiMne kisI prakAra parivartana nahIM dekhA ! ve apane vyAkhyAna meM Adarza vyaktiyoM ke caritra mAravAr3I gItoM meM gAkara sunAyA karate the. saralahRdaya bhaktoM para unakA sIdhA prabhAva par3atA thA. mujhe aisA pratIta hotA thA ki bhagavAn mahAvIra ne lokabhASA meM upadeza dene kI jo paramparA prArambha kI thI yaha usakA vartamAna rUpa hai. saMskRta ke zloka, lacchedAra hindI, dArzanika carcA Adi bAteM pAMDityapradarzana ke lie bhale hI hoM kintu unakA hRdaya para sIdhA asara nahIM par3atA. mIrA tathA sUradAsa ke sIdhe-sAde bhajana bhAvanAoM ko jitanA taraMgita karate haiM, utanA zaMkarAcArya yA dharmakIrti kA zabdajAla nahIM kara sakatA. saMkSepa meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki munizrI hRdaya kI bhASA meM upadeza dete the, buddhi kI bhASA meM nahIM. usa parivAra meM tIna sAdhu the-svayaM munizrI, brajalAlajI mahArAja aura zrImadhukara muni. tInoM kA paraspara sneha aura sahRdayatA abhinandanIya thI. na unameM dikhAvA thA, na mAyAcAra aura na kisI prakAra kA abhimAna. aise muniyoM ke prati hRdaya apane Apa jhuka jAtA hai. isa parivAra kA eka sAthI aura thA jo sAdhu na hone para bhI usakA sthAyI sadasya-sA bana gayA thA ! vaha thA, bhAnajI nAma kA jATa ! usa meM saralatA thI aura mastI thI. sadA apane ApameM tRpta rahatA thA. use dekhakara aisA lagatA thA ki yadi jIvana kA lakSya sukha hai to vaha tRpti se prApta hotA hai. jo jJAna atRpti ko utpanna karatA hai usa jJAna se ajJAna acchA. kabIra kA eka dohA hai ki bhagavAn svapna arthAt ardha-nidrita avasthA meM milate haiM aura jAgane para lupta ho jAte haiM. aise jAgaraNa se nidrA acchI. munizrI hajArImalajI mahArAja tathA unake parivAra kA smaraNa prAyaH AtA rahatA hai. graMtha ke dvArA unakI smRti sthAyI banAnA abhinandanIya hai. ina zabdoM ke sAtha usa mahApuruSa ke prati hArdika zraddhAMjali arpita karatA hU~. muni zrImallajI mahArAja sAdhutA ke gaurIzaMkara AtmA kI carama unnati, antarbAhya saMyogoM kI mukti meM hai. samasta prANiyoM ko apanI AtmA ke samAna samajhane kA uccatama bhAva sacce santa meM hotA hai. isI Atmaupamya buddhi ke pariNAma svarUpa santa, manuSyoM ke kalyANa-kArya meM juTe Jain Education. To prary.org
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________________ Jain vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~ 71 rahate haiM. santa manuSya kI AkRti meM manuSyatA kA bIja bonevAlA kuzala mAlI hai. lokottara patha pradarzaka hI nahIM vaha isakA zikSaka bhI hai. jagat kalyANa ke lie bhISaNa se bhISaNa kaSTa saha kara bhI vaha sukha ke hI darzana karatA hai. vilupta hotI huI mAnavatA yatra-tatra upalabdha ho rahI hai, usakA sampUrNa zreya santoM ko hI hai. yadi santa-samAja kA isa dizA meM prayatna na hotA to manuSya-samAja Aja pazuoM kI zreNI se alaga dRSTipatha na hotA. isI lie kahA jAtA hai ki santa manuSya meM manuSya ke guNoM kA janmadAtA hai. mahAsthavira zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja mahAn the. ukta santocita sabhI guNa unameM vidyamAna the. unhoMne rAjasthAna ke vibhinna bhAgoM meM paidala bhramaNa karake mAnava samAja ke vikAsa meM jo yogadAna diyA hai vaha apUrva hai. usakA pratyakSa anubhava karane kA avasara mujhe milA hai. jaba maiM unake vihAra kSetra meM gayA taba maiMne dekhA ki jaina-ajaina sabhI mAnavoM meM zrI hajArImalajI mahArAja ke upadeza kA asara hai. zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja kA nAma zravaNa karate hI unake diloM meM prasannatA chA jAtI thI. apane madhura svabhAva se ve haraeka ko apanI ora AkarSita kara lete the. choTe-se-choTe sAdhu bhI jaba unase milane jAte to use dekhate hI sarvaprathama unake donoM hAtha jur3a jAte aura madhura muskAna ke sAtha svAgata karate. unake darzana karate samaya aura bAtacIta karate samaya antarmana ko avarNanIya santoSa milatA thA. aise zIla tathA madhura svabhAva ke the zrI hajArImalajI mahArAja. sAdar3I sammelana ke pahale isa mahAsthavira ke darzana kA avasara milA thA. parantu saMpradAyavAda ke AvaraNa meM hone ke kAraNa usa mahApuruSa ko samyak rUpa meM pahacAna nahIM pAyA thA. sAdar3I sammelana meM vaha AvaraNa sarvAnumati se haTA diyA gayA, taba hI bhinna-bhinna saMpradAyoM meM rahe hue mahAsthaviroM ke evaM mahAmunivaroM ke nikaTa samparka meM Ane kA maMgalamaya avasara mujhe prApta huA. jyoM-jyoM meM zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja ke paricaya meM AtA gayA tyoM-tyoM unameM merI zraddhA bar3hatI gaI. kucerA varSAvAsa meM upAcAryazrI ke sAtha rahakara Apane sAdar3I-sammelana- janya ekatA ko mUrta rUpa diyA. donoM mahApuruSoM kA vaha abheda rUpa dekhakara samAja kA manamayUra nAca uThA kitanA acchA hotA yadi mujhe bhI donoM mahApuruSoM kI sevA kA apUrva avasara milatA ? parantu upAcAryazrI kI AjJAnusAra isa varSa, sevAbhAvI muni sundaralAlajI aura priya vyAkhyAnI muni zrI sumeramalajI ke sAtha - saradArazahara cAturmAsa karanA par3A. "AjJA gurUNAM khalu dhAraNIyA" isa siddhAntavAkya para vizvAsa hone ke kAraNa maiM saradArazahara calA gayA. bhInAsara sammelana meM zramaNa saMghIya vidhAnAnusAra upAcArya zrI ne maMtrI maMDala kA cunAva kiyA. mahAsthavira zrIhajArImala jI mahA rAja ko maMtrIpada milA. upasthita sarva munivaroM ne isakA saharSa svAgata kiyA. kintu usa mahApuruSa ke mukha para maMtrIpada ke kAraNa prasannatA nahIM thI. usake mukha ko dekhakara yahI mAlUma hotA thA ki sirpha AjJArAdhanA ke lie evaM upAcAryazrI kA sammAna rakhane ke lie hI unheM mantrIpada kI svIkRti denI par3I hai. zramaNasaMgha ke maMtrI banane para bhI choTe sAdhu ke sAtha ApakA prema-vyavahAra jyoM kA tyoM banA rahA. Apake jIvana kA yaha eka vaiziSTya thA. isI kAraNa ve merI dRSTi meM mahAna the. bhInAsara bRhatsAdhusammelana sampanna hone ke pazcAt parama zraddheya upAcAryazrI kI AjJA se upAdhyAya kavi zrIamaracandra mahArAja kI sevA meM varSAvAsa karane ke liye maiM aura muni AIdAna jI (samadarzI) cala diye, upAdhyAyazrI jI mahArAja maMtrI hajArImala jI mahArAja ke sAtha kuverA virAjamAna the, hama donoM muni bhI kuverA pahuMce maMtrIdhI jI ma kA cAturmAsa nokhA kSetra meM nizcita ho gayA thA. cAturmAsa meM sevA kA lAbha milegA yaha AzA to nirAzA meM badala gaI parantu aba koI upAya nahIM thA. phira bhI jitane dina maMtrI zrI jI kucerA meM virAjamAna rahe, utane dina sevA kA evaM jJAnacarcA kA lAbha to huA hI, parantu usa samaya yaha nahIM jJAta ho sakA ki mahAn AtmA ke ye mere liye aMtima darzana haiM. cAturmAsa ke pazcAt hama donoM muni upAcAryajI kI sevA meM pahu~ce. karIba do mahIne taka meM upAcAryacI jI kI sevA meM rahA. upAcAryazrI kI AjJA se maiMne tapasvI muni kezUlAla jI evaM zAstrajJa muni gopIlAla jI ina tIna santoM ke sAtha mahArASTra kI tarapha vihAra kiyA. bhaugolika dRSTi se mahArASTra aura rAjasthAna meM saikar3oM mIla kA antara hai, parantu 30 30 30 30 3083003003003030030230030230304303003023083108 ary.org
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________________ HERSHWHENEVERENERRENMMMMER 72 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya maMtrI zrIhajArImalajI ma. ke dila meM aMtara nahIM thA. jahA~ saccA aura sthAyI prema hotA hai usameM bhaugolika aMtara bAdhaka nahIM hotA hai. yahI kAraNa hai ki maMtrI zrIhajArImala jI mahArAja samaya-samaya para patroM dvArA merI sAra-sa~bhAla apane jIvana ke anta taka lete rahe haiM. hRdaya kA prema eka bAra jisake prati umar3A ki umar3A. jaba vaha koI patha nahIM pAtA to patra ke mAdhyama se premapAtra ke pAsa pahu~catA hai. maMtrI zrIhajArImala jI mahArAja kA sahavAsa bhale hI alpa milA, parantu unakA vizAla prema prApta huA hai. usa premamUti saMyamadhana, mahAsthavira ke prati Aja bhI maiM zraddhAnvita hU~. muni zrIkanhaiyAlAla jI 'kamala' myAyatIrtha ve kyA the? eka avalokana svargIya svAmI zrIhajArImala jI mahArAja ke sAnnidhya meM rahane kA mujhe sarvaprathama zaizavakAla meM saubhAgya prApta huA thA. usa samaya maiM, apane gurudeva ke zrIcaraNoM meM zikSA prApta kara rahA thA. maiMne prathama bAra meM hI unameM sahaja vAtsalya bhAvakI jhalaka pAkara apanA sukomala hRdaya unheM samarpita kara diyA thA. tabhI se maiM svAmIjI mahArAja kA ho gayA thA aura svAmI jI mahArAja mere apane ho gaye the. una mahAmuni ne mere gurudeva se vicAravimarza karake mere adhyayana kI vyavasthita rUparekhA banAkara mujhe jJAnAloka kI rAha dikhalAI thI. adhyayana kA phala yadyapi yogyatA hai, para adhyayana kI gaharAI kA aMkana parIkSA ke mApadaNDa se hotA hai. parIkSA ke bhaya se bhI adhyayana meM mana lagAne vAle kucha vidyArthI hote haiM. isa apekSA ko lekara svAmI jI mahArAja parIkSApraNAlI ke samarthaka the. unakI bhAvanA preraNA se aneka muniyoM ne kalakattA aura vArANasI kI parIkSAe~ dI thIM. rAjasthAnI muniyoM kA yaha prathama prayAsa thA. maiM bhI unameM se eka thA. usa samaya eka varga-vizeSa ne isa parIkSA-paddhati kA kaThoratama virodha bhI kiyA. svAmI jI ma. ne usa thothe virodha kI paravAha nahIM kI aura hameM adhyayana ke prati niSThAvAn banAyA. hamAre adhyayana kA krama ThIka taraha calatA rahe, isa dRSTi se paM0 becaradAsa jI dozI bulAye gaye. prAkRta bhASA aura jainAgamoM kA adhyayana hama donoM ne prArambha kiyA. Aja hama jo kucha bana pAye haiM, yaha unhIM mahAmanISI santa kI kRpA kA prasAda hai. rAjasthAna ke sthAnakavAsI samAja meM hamArI isa prakAra kI adhyayana-praNAlI ko lekara kAphI ukhAr3a-pachAr3a ke prayatna hue para ve saba svAmI jI ma0 kI dRr3hatA se asthAnIya hI siddha hue. hamArI vidyAdhyayana kI ruci adhikAdhika agragAmI huI. unakA virodha hamAre lie varadAna sAbita huA. yadyapi svAmI jI ma0 atyanta vinamra va anAgrahI the parantu apane pragatizIla vicAroM ke prati atyadhika AgrahazIla bhI the. acche-acche dhanapati bhI anucita dabAva DAla kara unako apane vicAroM se nahIM DigA sakate the. eka saMskRta kavi kI yaha ukti unake prati yathArtha caritArtha ho rahI hai vajrAdapi kaThorANi, mRdUni kusumAdapi , __ lokottarANAM cetAMsi, ko hi vijJAtumaharti ! ve zrata, vaya aura dIkSA sthavira hote hue bhI pArasparika vyavahAra meM atyadhika udAra vicAra rakhate the. Agantuka santa cAhe dIkSA meM kitane hI choTe kyoM na hoM, ve unake svAgata ke lie bahuta lambI dUra cale jAte the. laghutva bhAva kI 1. muni zrImadhukarajI aura lekhaka. (CG Jain ducation Intemational
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~ : 73 INNXNNNNMMMMMMMMMANNA sAdhanA itanI U~cI thI ki unake madhura vyavahAroM se choTe santoM ke hRdaya meM sahaja Atmika bhAva jAga uThatA thA. choTe santoM se ve milate, unakI samasyAe~ samajhate aura unheM yogya mArga apanAne kA dizAsaMketa karate. unase zvetAmbara, digambara, terApaMthI. bIsapaMthI Adi jainadharma kI zAkhAoM ke santa to milate-julate hI, parantu kabIrapanthI yA dAdUpanthI, jo milatA vaha unakA anurAgI bana jAtA, kyoMki ve samanvayavAdI vicAradhArA ke saMpoSaka the. yahI kAraNa hai ki nAgaura, kucerA, khajavAnA, rUNa Adi ke AsapAsa ke choTe-bar3e sabhI gAMvoM meM jainetaroM ke dvArA bhI jainoM ke samAna hI unakA sarvatra svAgata satkAra aura sammAna hotA thA. apane Asa-pAsa zrAvaka, zrAvikAoM kA jamaghaTa honA unheM pasanda nahIM thA. ve sadA unmukta vAtAvaraNa meM rahanA hI pasaMda karate the zramaNa-jIvana kA maulika preraka sUtra unake jIvana meM sAkAra ho uThA thA. "kAle kAlaM samAyare" yaha unake jIvana kA atyadhika priya maMtra rahA hai. unake mana meM yadA-kadA ekAntavAsa kA saMkalpa AtA to ve hameM kahA karate-svAdhyAya karate samaya jaba maiM guNazIla udyAna, zrIvana udyAna Adi meM Thahare hue zramaNa-nigraMthoM ke jIvana kI jhalaka pAtA hU~ to merA mana atIta ke zramaNa-jIvana kI parikalpanA meM aisA nimagna ho jAtA hai ki mAno thor3I dera ke lie sahaja samAdhi meM lIna ho gayA hU~. vihAra karate samaya jaba ve jaMgala meM Thaharate to apUrva zAnti evaM samAdhi kA anubhava karate the. unhoMne aneka bAra kahA thA-maiM cAhatA hU~ merA aMtima jIvana ekAnta zAnta vAtAvaraNa meM bIte,svAmI jI ma0kI yaha bhAvanA sAkAra ho kara hI rahI.unakA svargagamana eka choTe-se grAma (nokhA caMdAvatoM kA, mer3atA, mAravAr3a) meM hI huA. isa prakAra svAmI jI ma0 apane sudIrgha zramaNa-jIvana meM aneka sAdhakoM kI pragati ke preraNAsrota rahe. pragativAdI vicAradhArA kI amUlya nidhi hameM sauMpa gaye. mere zramaNa-jIvana ke dhAtA-vidhAtA Adi se anta taka svAmI jI mahArAja the. ata: parama zraddheya una vidyAnurAgI guru pravara ke prati merA mastaka nata hai. yuga-yuga taka nata rahegA. zrIsurezamunijI mahArAja zAstrI, sAhityaratna madhura milana : madhura smRti jIvana kI Dagara para calatA huA yAtrI aneka vyaktiyoM se sAkSAtkAra karatA hai. unameM kucha vyaktitva to aise hote haiM, jo sinemA kI tasvIra kI taraha sAmane Ate haiM aura cale jAte haiM ! unake milana meM kucha sthAyitva nahIM hotA. kintu kucha vyaktitva aise ujAgara hote haiM, jo apanI eka hI jhalaka se, mana ko mugdha kara jAte haiM, antara meM gahare utara jAte haiM aura mAnasa-paTala para apanI tejomaya smRti kI aisI rekhAe~ chor3a jAte haiM, jo miTAye nahIM miTatI, bhulAye nahIM bhUlatIM. bAta purAnI hai. san 1950 kI samajhie ! upAdhyAya kaviratna zrIamaracandajI mahArAja kA varSAvAsa byAvara meM thA. byAvara ke saMgha meM una dinoM sAmpradAyika tanAva apane yauvana para thA. santoM meM bhI aura gRhasthoM meM bhI. eka ora pUjya javAharalAlajI mahArAja ke sampradAya vAloM kA z2ora-zora, dUsarI ora zrIcauthamalajI mahArAja kI mAnyatA vAloM kA bolabAlA aura tIsarI ora sthAnaka vAlA pakSa yAnI pUjya jayamalajI mahArAja kI paramparA vAloM kI lahara-bahara. isa sAmpradAyika tanAva-khicAva ke viSa ko kama karane ke lie hI, akhila bhAratIya esa0 esa0 jaina kAnpharensa ke kucha pramukha tattvoM tathA byAvara ke samUce saMgha ke sAmUhika anurodha-Agraha para hI, kavizrI kA varSAvAsa byAvara meM svIkAra Jain Zioninen soyan www.dineliblary.org
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________________ Mi Mi Mi Nuo Nuo Lai Cha Liang Zhang Cha Cha Cha Cha Zheng Cha Qi Lai 74 : muni zrIhajArImalajI smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya huA thA aura saMgha kI isa maulika tathA dUragAmI bhAvanA ko mUrta karane ke lie hI upAdhyAya kaviratna zrIamaracandajI mahArAja, umezamuni vijayamuni tathA ina paMktiyoM kA lekhaka-hama cAroM santa AgarA se dillI aura dillI se byAvara kI kaThina-kaThora yAtrA karake usa nayI duniyA meM pahuMce the. byAvara-kSetra aura vahA~ kA raMgIlA vAtAvaraNa hamAre lie ekadama nayA thA ! hama bhI bilkula nae-sarvathA aparicita ! para, usa raMgIna aura saMgIna vAtAvaraNa meM bhI hama prasanna aura masta ! santoM ke tIna pakSa to vahA~ pahale maujUda the hI idhara se hama pahuMca gae, nae paMchI-taTastha-bilkula niSpakSa ! una tInoM pakSoM kA Apasa meM koI tAla-mela nahIM, aura hamArA saba se mela-jola, bola-cAla, vArtA-vyavahAra, hilana-milana yAnI hama sabake aura saba hamAre / taTasthatA kI nIti isIlie to spRhaNIya tathA upAdeya hai ki, vaha vyakti-vyakti, samAja-samAja tathA rASTra-rASTra ko milAtI hai, jor3atI hai, eka maMca para biThAtI hai, saha-astitva evaM saha-jIvana kA pATha par3hAtI hai. unhIM dinoM pravartaka zrIhajArImalajI ma. se hamArA milana huA. kSamApanA kA pAvana dina thA. hama mile, ghula-mila kara mile. tana se mile, mana se mile, lahara se mile, bahara se mile, vandanA kSamApanA kI prathA calI, bhAvanA kI umaMga calI, vArtA-vyavahAra kA daura calA. khulakara dila ke aramAna nikale-nikAle. aura, maiMne dekhA, jaina-jagatI ke mahAn santa zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja ke cehare para eka prasanna AbhA khela rahI thI. unakA roma-roma khila rahA thA. unake manakI prasanna lahara unakI vANI para thiraka rahI thI. madhura-milana kI usa velA meM hama bhI prasanna, vaha bhI prasanna, darzaka bhI prasanna ! Asa-pAsa ke vAtAvaraNa para prasannatA taira rahI thI. usa sahaja-zAnta jIvana, sarala-saumya vyaktitva tathA nizchala-sAtvika svabhAva kI eka madhura-smRti Aja bhI mere manamAnasa meM ghUma rahI hai, A~khoM ke sAmane jhUma rahI hai ! aura, unake punIta caraNa-kamaloM meM apanI bhAva-pravaNa zraddhAMjali arpita-samarpita karate hue, antarmana eka amApya harSa kI anubhUti kara rahA hai ! munizrI nemacandrajI mahArAja saralAtmA zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja bahuta dinoM se nAma sunA thA. A~kheM unake darzanoM kI pyAsI thIM. mIrAbAI ke prasiddha bhaktisrota mer3atA nagara meM sarvaprathama unake darzana hue. maiMne una saralamati, saralagati aura sarala hRdaya ke darzana kie. A~kheM abhI taka atRpta thIM, cAhatI thIM ki unake sAtha bAtacIta karake unake vacana aura hRdaya kI thAha lI jAya / bAtacIta kI pahala maiMne hI kI--'Apa sukha zAnti meM haiM, mahArAja ! unhoMne prasannatApUrvaka pratyuttara meM kahA ...' hAM devaguru-dharma ke prasAda se Ananda hai. Apa santoM ke sukhasAtA to haiM na ?' basa, phira to lagabhaga Adha-pauna ghaNTe taka hamArI dina caryA, adhyayana, pragati Adi ke bAre meM bAteM calIM. ina bAtoM meM unhoMne saralabhAva se, prasanna mukhamudrA meM hamAre jIvana ke vikAsa ke lie dilacaspI lI. phira to mer3atA meM jitane dina rahe, kucha na kucha carcA sahajabhAva se calatI rahI. isake bAda byAvara meM kaI bAra svAmIjI mahArAja ke darzana hue,milana huA, maiMne dekhA ki ve alaga upasampradAya (sthAnakavAsI sampradAyAntargata) ke hote hue bhI kadApi sAmpradAyikatA ko uttejita karanevAlI yA chidrAnveSaNa karane kI eka bAta bhI nahIM karate the. byAvara vaise sAmpradAyika tanAva kA gar3ha hai. aura vahA~ sAmpradAyikatA ke tattva, samaya-samaya para doSa-chidra DhUMr3hane kI dRSTi Jain Elucation inematiche For Private & Personal use only
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~ : 75 se maMDarAyA karate haiM. kintu svAmIjI mahArAja ina tattvoM se satarka rahA karate the. aura jaba bhI sAmpradAyika masalA AtA to unakI saralAtmA use svIkAra nahIM karatI thI. ve nahIM cAhate the sAmpradAyika moha meM ghuTanA, ve nahIM cAhate the sAmpradAyika pratiyogitA meM utaranA, ve nahIM cAhate the bAhyADambara dvArA janamAnasa ko AkarSita karanA ! ve cAhate the sabake sAtha mila-julakara rahanA, eka-dUsare ke AtmotthAna meM sahAyaka bananA, eka-dUsare ke guNoM se preraNA lenA. yahI kAraNa thA ki jahA~ sAmpradAyikatA-grasta sAdhu dUsare sampradAya yA upasampradAya ke sAdhu ke viziSTa guNoM ko pratyakSa dekhate hue bhI grahaNa karane se yA unheM pratiSThA dene se hicakicAte, vahA~ svAmIjI mahArAja guNagrAhI the. guNa prazaMsaka the. 'guNiSu pramodam' kI bhAvanA unhoMne jIvana meM caritArtha kara batAI thI. 'unakI saralatA dikhAU nahIM thI.' pradarzana karanA to unheM pasanda hI na thA. unakI saralatA hRdaya ke AcaraNa se, namravAcA se bhI prakaTa hotI thI. aisA mAlUma hotA hai ki unakI saralatA evaM guNagrAhitA mAno gurubhrAtRyugala, (brajalAlajI mahArAja va mizrImalajI mahArAja 'madhukara') meM prativimbita huI ho. kAza ! sthAnakavAmI sampradAya kA jaina sAdhu varga una saralAtmA kA pathAnusaraNa karatA. zrIumeza munijI zramaNa paramparA ke gaurava : zraddheya munihajArImalajI hamArI gauravazAlinI mAtRbhUmi santoM, muniyoM, RSiyoM aura mahAtmAoM kI tapobhUmi rahI hai. ise maryAdApuruSottama rAma, mahAn karmayogI kRSNa, mahAn Atma-sAdhaka tathA AtmavettA zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra aura mahAtmA gautama buddha jaise mAnava-ratnoM kI adhyAtma-krIr3AsthalI tathA Atma-sAdhanA bhUmi hone kA asAdhAraNa gaurava prApta hai. ise hama yogabhUmi kahane meM bhI saMkoca kA anubhava nahIM kareMge. isake kaNa-kaNa meM Aja bhI santa-sAdhanA kA sAkSAtkAra karAne kI kSamatA hai, yadi koI ise jAne, pahacAne aura mAne to ! itihAsa isa bAta kA sAkSI hai ki eka sAdhAraNa se sAdhAraNa gRhastha ke dvAra se lekara bar3e-se-bar3e samrAToM ke rAja-prAsAdoM ne santoM kI caraNa-dhUli se apane Apako saubhAgyazAlI mAnA hai. phalataH hamArI saMskRti aura sabhyatA para unakI amiTa chApa kA par3anA sahaja svAbhAvika thA. isIlie vidvajjagat meM bhAratIya-saMskRti ko santa saMskRti ke nAma se prasiddha hone kA gaurava prApta huA hai. pariNAmataH hamArI sAMskRtika paramparAoM para Aja bhI santoM kI chApa avaziSTa hai. eka samaya thA, jaba bhArata meM santoM kA pratyeka kSetra para varcasva thA. vaha eka taraha se bhArata kA nirmAtA aura janatA kA nirdezaka banakara yahA~ ke maidAnoM meM niHsaMga bhAva se idhara se udhara arthAt kazmIra se kanyAkumArI taka ghUmA, aura khUba ghUmA ! bhAratIya paramparA ke anusAra santa-samAja ghumakkar3oM kA samAja rahA hai jo eka prAnta kI paramparAoM ko sAtha jor3ane meM aura rASTra ko ekarUpatA pradAna karane meM eka mahattvapUrNa kar3I kA kArya sampAdita karatA rahA hai. isIlie vaha bhAratIya vAGmaya meM parivrAT yA parivrAjaka ke nAma se sambodhita kiyA gayA hai. prAgaitihAsika kAla para jaba hama dRSTipAta karate haiM to vahA~ bhI hameM sAdhAraNa gRhastha kI samasyAoM se lekara bar3I-bar3I rAjanItika ulajhAne ko sulajhAne meM santa-paramparA eka bahuta hI zAnadAra pArTa adA karatI huI najara AtI hai. usa samaya santoM ne rAjanIti meM bhI praveza kiyA, parantu taTastha bhAva se, tathA jana-hita aura jana-kalyANa ke bhAva-laharI ko hRdaya meM saMjokara. vaha kisI nijI svArtha yA rAjasattA ke pralobhana se khicakara idhara nahIM AyA, varan janatA-janArdana kI sevA kA hI mukhya lakSya thA-usakA lakSyabiMdu thA patha-bhraSTa mAnava ko sahI mArgadarzana karAnA, usake jIvana kA digbhrama miTA kara sahI dizA-nirdeza karanA. isa rUpa meM vaha sacce artha meM eka patha-pradarzaka thA, gAiDa thA, hara dizA aura hara kSetra kA. MAA wwwwww lo olololololo oldiolololol ololololololol AIMIMITIII) JainELucation uniainalibrary.org
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________________ AMERMANENERMIREMENMIREMENRY 76 : muni zrIhajArImalajI smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya jaba hama itihAsa kI gaharAI meM paiTha kara usakA paryAlocana karate haiM to isa saMta-paramparA meM hI eka anya aura viziSTa paramparA ke darzana hote haiM, jo ki zramaNa paramparA ke nAma se jAnI, mAnI aura pahacAnI jAtI hai. isameM jaina aura bauddha donoM paramparAoM ke bhikSuoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai. jaba jaina paramparA ke bhikSuoM kI jIvana-caryA kI ora hama najara daur3Ate haiM to hameM vahA~ bahuta hI kaThina-kaThora maryAdAoM se Abaddha jIvana ke darzana hote haiM. isIlie jahA~ dUsarI paramparAoM ke santa kevala rAjanIti meM hI ulajha-pulajha kara raha gae, vahA~ jaina bhikSu ekAMta Atma-sAdhanA kA pathika bana vicaraNa karatA rahA. usakA kSetra adhyAtma-sAdhanA rahA. yadi usane jana-jIvana se samparka bhI sthApita kiyA to vaha bhI Atma-sAdhanA ke mArgadarzaka ke rUpa meM usane bhautika saMsAra kI ora nahIM, varan sacce Atma-sukha aura saccI zAnti dvArA prApta honevAlI mokSa kI pagaDaMDI-kI ora janamAnasa ko utprerita kiyA. usane bhukti nahIM, mukti kI ora mAnava ko abhimukha rahane kI satata preraNA pradAna kI. hamAre zraddheya zrIhajArImala jI mahArAja bhI adhyAtma-patha ke pathika jaina bhikSuoM kI vartamAna paramparA meM apanI eka mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA adA kara gaye haiM. santoM ke nidhana para zokasaMtapta honA hamArI sAMskRtika paramparA ke anurUpa nahIM hai. santa kA maraNa to maraNa-mahotsava hai. santa isa duniyA meM rahatA hai taba bhI apanI sAdhanA kI mastI meM masta rahatA hai aura jaba vaha pArthiva zarIra ko chor3a kara agalI duniyA ke liye prayANa karatA hai, taba bhI khuzI-khuzI Ananda kI laharoM meM apane lakSya-bindu ko dRSTi meM rakha kara jAtA hai. kyoMki usake mAnasa-sAgara meM apanI sAdhanA aura kRtitva ke prati pUrNa vizvAsa aura dRr3ha AsthA kI vegavatI lahareM rahatI haiM. ye lahareM use anAsthA aura avizvAsa ke kUDe-karakaTa kI gaMdagI se bacAe rakhatI haiM. yaha usakI mauta nahIM-jisako ki moha-pAza se Abaddha yaha sAMsArika prANI mauta samajhane kI bhUla kiyA karatA hai varan lakSyaprApti kI ora eka bar3hatA huA lauha-caraNa hotA hai. yaha eka sarvavidita tathya hai ki jaba mAnava apane abhIpsita lakSya kI ora Age bar3ha calatA hai to vaha prayANa usake aura usake snehiyoM ke liye eka khuzI kA paigAma hotA hai. zraddheya zrIhajArImalajI ma0 bhI isa nazvara deha ko chor3a kara usa anazvara lakSya kI ora eka kadama aura Age bar3ha gaye. aisA hameM unake prati dRr3ha vizvAsa aura AsthA honI cAhiye. mAnavajIvana kA puSpa isa saMsAra ke udyAna meM puSpita hotA he aura eka dina murajhA kara parisamApti kI ora bar3ha jAtA hai. phUla eka nanhIM sI kalikA ke rUpa meM khilatA hai, mahakatA hai aura apane Asa-pAsa ke vAtAvaraNa ko sugandhita se bhara-bhara detA hai. usakI isa surabhi se apanA kahA jAnevAlA mAlI aura udyAna se bAhara kI duniyA bhI parici ho jAtI hai. aise hI kucha viziSTa mAnava bhI ucca zreNI meM lAkara khar3A kara dete haiM apane Apako unake jIvana-guNoM kI sugandha bhI hara pAsa Ane vAle, yA dUra se hI gujara jAne vAle ke mana-mastiSka ko surabhi se pariplAvita kie binA nahIM rahatI. vaha jana-jana ke mana meM Atma-paricaya kI chApa chor3a jAtA hai. jIvana-sampAdana kA jIvita Adeza dete hue eka urdU ke zAyara ke zabdoM meM yUM samajha lIjie "phUla bana kara mahaka, tujhako z2amAnA jAne, terI bhInI khuzabU ko, apanA begAnA jAne ! basa, yahI jIvana jIne kI kalA hai. jisako hamAre zraddheya zrIhajArImala jI mahArAja ne prApta kiyA thA, bhAratIya saMskRti se virAsata ke rUpa meM unhoMne jIvana ko jiyA, khUba jiyA bar3e hI kalAtmaka DhaMga se. ve isa saMsArodyAna ke eka hI sundara sugandhita puSpa the. jIvana-taru kI DAlI para rahe taba bhI mahaka kA akSaya bhaMDAra jana-hita ke lie muktakara se luTAte rahe aura jaba DAla se pRthak hue taba bhI apanI jIvana-darzana-surabhi se suvAsita karate raheMge, jo ki Ane vAlI pIr3hI ke lie gaurava kI bAta hogI. aisA merA unake prati zraddhApUrNa vizvAsa hai. unhoMne kaba aura kahA~ janma liyA ? unakA zaizava kaisA bItA ? unake mAtA-pitA kauna the? unhoMne kisa jAti, kula Jain Educa ate personal Mainelibrary.org
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________________ Fa Yuan Jiang Nuo Mi Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Qi Zi Lu Lu Qi vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~ : 77 yA varga meM AMkheM kholI ? ina praznoM se hameM yahA~ koI vizeSa sarokAra nahIM. hameM to kevala itanA hI dekhanA aura jAnanA hai ki unhoMne kyA kucha prApta kiyA isa nirgrantha zramaNaparamparA meM apane Apako dIkSita-zikSita karake ? kyoMki hamArI gauravazAlI jaina sAMskRtika paramparA hameM bAhyadarzana ke lie nahIM, varan antardarzana ke lie prerita karatI hai. unakI adhyAtma-sAdhanA kA kAla kAphI lambA rahA hai. gaNanA kI dRSTi se unakI adhyAtma-sAdhanA ke cauMsaTha varSa apanA kucha artha rakhate haiM, Aja ke isa vilAsitA-pradhAna bhukti-yuga meM ! isa lambI avadhi meM unhoMne bahuta kucha upalabdha kiyA hogA. unakA yaha anubhava-prakAza sAdhakoM ke mArga-darzana kA kArya kara sakatA hai, yadi usakA sahI mUlyAMkana kara, unakA ziSyavarga jana-mAnasa taka use pahu~cAne kA satprayatna kare. ve na to zabda-jAla ke mahAraNya meM bhaTakane vAle koI vaiyAkaraNI hI the, aura na bAla kI khAla utArane vAle naiyAyika hI, aura na ve darzana kI gahana gutthiyoM meM ulajhane vAle dArzanika hI the. ve to eka adhyAtma-niSTha saralamanA lokottara pravRtti ke santa the. isa bAta kA anubhava mujhe unake sAtha kI gaI kucha samaya taka kI vIra-bhUmi mevAr3a kI sahyAtrA meM huA. adhyAtma-rasa meM page dohe aura pada jaba kabhI ve taraMgita hRdaya se gAte the to mana-mayUra masta ho, mArga kI saba thakAvaTa bhUla, nAca uThatA thA. kabhI-kabhI to ve choTe-choTe dohoM ke mAdhyama se rAjapUtI itihAsa kI bar3I hI sundara sunaharI kar3iyA~ kholakara sAmane rakha dete the. unakI vaha sUktiyA~ usa zuSka parvatIya yAtrA ko bhI rasamaya banA detI thIM. ve atIta kI ghaTanAe~ apane meM sa~joye mauna parvata bhI unake mukha se mukhara ho apane itihAsa kI vIra-vANI hamAre kaNakuharoM meM DAla dete the. unhoMne jo eka sacce hitaiSI kI sI sahRdayatA aura eka bAlaka-sI nizchalatA tathA saralatA prApta kI thI, vaha pratyeka sAdhaka ke lie spRhaNIya hai. yaha zizu kI sI saralatA, bhadratA aura bhavyatA hI unakA vyAkaraNa thA, yahI unakA nyAya aura darzana-zAstra thA. thor3e hI zabdoM meM unakA jIvana sAgara kI taraMgoM para sAhasa kI vijalI ke prakAza meM bar3hate hue nAvikoM ke lie eka prakAzastambha thA. jisake prakAza meM pratyeka nAvika apanA mArga svayaM DhUMDha letA hai. isa anUThe jIvana satya ko urdU ke zAyara ke zabdoM meM yUM samajha lIjie. "khuzanumA duniyA meM vo hAjata ravA mInAra haiN| rozanI se jinakI mallAhoM ke ber3e pAra haiM !!" zrIvijayamunijI, mahArAja zAstrI, sAhityaratna zramaNa saMgha kI vimala vibhUti zraddheya hajArImalajI manuSya ke mana kA vicAra niHsandeha manuSya se U~cA hotA hai. jIvana meM use chUne kA prayatna hI sAdhanA hai. Arambha antarjagat se hotA hai aura dhIre-dhIre bahirjagat meM usakA vistAra hotA hai. vRkSa kA phailAva bAhara hokara bhI usakI jar3eM dharatI meM samAI rahatI haiM. manuSya kA bAharI jIvana, usake vicAra-bIja meM se phUTatA hai. bhAratIya saMskRti meM 'santa' vicAroM kA kendra mAnA jAtA hai. bhArata kI puNya-bhUmi meM samaya-samaya para santa puruSoM ke Agamana ne yahA~ kI miTTI aura havA meM apane jIvana se, apane ujjvala karma se aura apanI vANI se jo saMskAra-bIja boye the, ve Aja bhI tyAga, tapasyA aura jJAna ke rUpa meM yahA~ para aMkurita haiM. bhArata ne sadaiva hI samrAT ke caraNoM meM nahIM, santa ke pAvana caraNoM meM hI apanA mastaka jhukAyA hai. isa prakAra santa-jIvana, bhAratIya saMskRti kA kendra-bindu rahA hai. sthAnakavAsI samAja ke yuga-puruSoM kI lambI paramparA ne samAja ko bahuta kucha diyA hai. yuga-puruSoM kI usI lambI
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________________ 3929408999999843038383838NMENERENCE 78 : muni zrIhajArImalajI ramRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya paramparA kI eka bejor3a kar3I the-maMtri pravara, zraddheya hajArImala jI mahArAja abhI kala taka ve hamAre madhya meM the, para Aja nahIM rahe. usa vimala vibhUti ke viyoga ne samAja ko anAtha banA diyA hai 've Aja nahIM rahe'-isa tathya ko mAnane se bhale hI hamArA bhakti-parAyaNa mana vidroha kare, phira bhI yaha satya hai, ki unakA bhautika rUpa aba hama na dekha sakeMge. unakA adhyAtmarUpa hamAre kaNa-kaNa meM rama cukA hai. ataH usa vimala vibhUti kA bhautika viyoga hokara bhI Aja adhyAtmasaMyoga hamAre jIvana ke sAtha hai. phira zoka kyoM ? aMgrejI sAhitya meM manuSya-jIvana ke lie do vAkyoM kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai-A man is mortal and a man is immortal arthAt manuSya maraNazIla hai, aura manuSya amara bhI hai. jaina-darzana ke anusAra pratyeka vastu, phira bhale hI vaha cetana ho athavA acetana-paryAya-dRSTi se anitya hotI hai, aura guNa-dRSTi se nitya. zraddheya hajArImalajI mahArAja, Aja nahIM hokara bhI haiM aura hokara bhI Aja nahIM rahe. bhakta-hRdaya kI moha-buddhi unake bhautika viyoga ko dekhakara zoka, viSAda aura paritApa karatI hai.. nizcaya hI zraddheya mantrI jI mahArAja mahAn the kyoMki mahAn banane ke lie jina guNoM kI AvazyakatA hai, ve samasta guNa unameM vidyamAna the. Apa kaha sakate haiM, aura jaisA ki kucha loga kaheMge ki ve mahAn nahIM the, kyoMki na to ve pravaktA the, aura na nAmI lekhaka hI, parantu merI dRSTi meM mahAnatA ke ukta donoM lakSaNa sarvathA nirarthaka haiM. vizeSataH taba, jabaki vicAra meM udAratA na ho, vANI meM madhuratA na ho aura vyavahAra meM ziSTatA na ho. jo loga usa vimala vibhUti ke sAnnidhya meM rahe haiM, ve isa tathya ko bhalI-bhAMti jAnate haiM, ki svAmI jI mahArAja kA jIvana himAlaya se bhI U~cA thA, aura sAgara se bhI adhika gambhIra thA. unake mana kI garimA ne aura vANI kI madhurimA ne tathA unake karma kI mahimA ne jana-jana ke jIvana ko bhAvita kiyA thA, pavitra kiyA thA aura vizuddha kiyA thA. ve mana se pavitra the, hRdaya se sarala the, buddhi se prakhara the aura vyavahAra se madhura the. kyA santa aura kyA gRhastha ve sabase sahaja sneha karate the. unake jIvana-koSa meM koI bhI parAyA na thA, saba apane the. sabako pyAra karanA, sabako prema karanA, jaise unakA jIvana-vrata hI thA. nAma to unakA pahale bhI aneka bAra sunA thA aura vaha bhI isa rUpa meM ki marudharA ke tejasvI AcArya, parama zraddheya jayamalajI mahArAja ke pratinidhi ke rUpa meM Aja bhI eka jyoti apanA prakAza vikIrNa kara rahI hai, jise loga 'hajArI malajI mahArAja' ke nAma se jAnate, pahacAnate, aura mAnate haiM. eka yuga thA, jaba ki samagra marubhUmi para pUjya zrI jaya malajI mahArAja kA dharma-zAsana hI svIkAra kiyA jAtA thA. usI pAvana paramparA kI vimala vibhUti the 'svAmI jI mahArAja'. isa vimala vibhUti kA prathama darzana mujhe byAvara meM san 1950 meM huA thA. pUjya kavi jI mahArAja kundanabhavana meM aura svAmIjI mahArAja Thahare the sthAnaka meM. pUjya upAdhyAya zrIamaracandrajI mahArAja zraddhaya hajArImalajI mahArAja ke darzanArtha sthAnaka meM padhAre the. tabhI maiMne pahalI bAra usa vimala vibhUti ke punIta darzana kie the. taba maiMne yaha kahA thA 'dUre'pi zrutvA bhavadIya-kIrti, karNo tRptau na ca cakSuSI me ! tayovivAda parihatukAmaH samAgato'haM tava darzanAya !! pUjya pravara ! dUra baiThe-baiThe, apane kAnoM se ApakA zubha nAma to sunA thA. parantu jo kucha sunA thA, netra usapara isalie vizvAsa nahIM karate the, kyoMki inhoMne ApakA pavitra darzana nahIM kiyA thA. Aja ApakA darzana pAkara maiM parama prasanna hU~. isalie ki maiMne jaisA sunA thA, usase bhI adhika sundara rUpa meM Apako dekhA hai. Aja Apako dekhakara maiMne apane zrotra aura netra ke cira vivAda ko samApta kara diyA hai. vyAvara varSAvAsa meM boyA gayA sneha-bIja kucha isa rUpa meM aMkurita evaM pallavita huA ki varSAvAsa ke bAda bhI pUjya gurudeva kI mevAr3ayAtrA meM unake sAtha hI rahe aura sAtha hI byAvara vApasa lauTe. bhInAsara sammelana meM bhI Apake darzana hue. sammelana se lauTate hue nAgaura se kucerA pUjya amaracandra jI mahArAja ko Apa hI le gae the. hamArA kucerA varSAvAsa Jain Education Interational
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________________ 2003030 vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~ : 76 ApakI puNya-preraNA kA hI zubha pariNAma thA. jayapura meM Apane eka varSAvAsa bhI upAdhyAyajI mahArAja ke snehavaza hI kiyA thA. mujha jaise eka akiMcana vyakti para bhI ApakA atyaMta sneha thA. sneha kI apAra sampatti, Apase pAkara maiM taba bhI dhanya thA, aura Aja bhI apane Apako bhAgyazAlI mAnatA hU~. maiM Apake una asAdhAraNa guNoM para mugdha hU~ jo anyantra durlabha haiM. bar3appana ke bhAra ko DhonevAle bar3oM kI Aja bhI kamI kahA~ hai ? parantu dambha-rahita hokara jIvana jIne kI kalA Apase koI sIkhe. bhInAsara sammelana meM maMtrI-pada pAkara bhI Apane kabhI usakA ahaMkAra nahIM kiyA aura apane pada kA durupayoga bhI nahIM kiyA, jabaki apane pada kA ahaMkAra karanevAle aura usakA durupayoga karanevAle santa, Aja bhI apane samAja meM vidyamAna haiM. zraddheya hajArImalajI mahArAja prakRti se sarala the, mana se udAra the aura buddhi se vicakSaNa the. gaMbhIra vicAra karanA unakA sahaja svabhAva thA. madhura vANI aura komala vyavahAra karanA unakA sahaja dharma thA. na kabhI kisI kI nindA karanA aura na kisI kI cApalUsI karanA, unakA prakRti-siddha guNa thA. jo bhI unake nikaTa AyA, unakA hokara hI lauTA. unakI AtmIyatA kI paridhi bahuta vizAla aura vyApaka thI. vahA~ para saba 'sva' the, koI bhI 'para' na thA. madhura vANI hone ke kAraNa ve kabhI kisI ke sAtha apriya vyavahAra nahIM karate the. sabake hita meM hI ve apanA hita samajhate the. saMgha-hita meM aura samAja-ekatA meM unheM gaharI niSThA thI. zramaNa-saMgha se unakA saccA prema thA. saMgha-virodhI logoM kI harakatoM ko ve pasanda nahIM karate the. svAmIjI mahArAja avasthAse vRddha hokara bhI naye vicAroM kA samarthana karate the. samAja aura saMgha kA hita hI unakA lakSya thA bhale hI vaha naye vicAra se ho athavA purAne vicAra se. yaha hai unake aMtaraMga jIvana kA paricaya. zarIra dubalA-patalA hokara bhI kaddAvara thA. gehu~A varNa. muskAnabharA ceharA. hRdaya kI saralatA aura sarasatA ko abhivyakta karane vAle sundara netra, lambI nAsikA. sira para dhavala-virala keza-rAzi. zveta zmazru. dhavala khAdI ke zuddha vastra. gaja jaisI gambhIra gati. yaha saba kucha unake divyatva kA bAharI rUpa thA, ise marubhUmi kI janatA 'zraddheya hajArImalajI ma0 ke nAma se pahacAnatI thI. saMskRta aura prAkRta ke ve paNDita the. AgamoM ke marmajJa aura jJAna ke sAgara. unhoMne kabhI bhI apane jJAna kA ahaMkAra nahIM kiyA, bolane meM aura vyAkhyAna meM bhI ve rAjasthAnI bhASA kA hI prayoga kiyA karate the. unakI bhASA meM eka adbhuta miThAsa aura AkarSaNa thA. rAjasthAnI saMskRti meM unakA sampUrNa jIvana raMga cukA thA. bolane meM, likhane meM, khAne meM, calane meM, phirane meM, khAne meM, pIne meM hara jagaha ve mAravAr3I the. apane ko mAravAr3I kahane meM ve eka prakAra kA saMtoSa anubhava karate the. svAmI jI mahArAja lekhaka nahIM the, parantu nizcaya hI ve apane yuga ke eka sarasa pravaktA the. unakI pravacana-zailI sIdhIsAdI hokara bhI madhura thI. DhAla aura caritroM ko ve bahuta hI sundara DhaMga se tathA madhura svaralaharI meM gAte the. rAmAyaNa bA~cane meM ve mAravAr3a ke be-jor3a kalAkAra the. mAravAr3a kA prasiddha rAga 'mAr3a' unake zrImukha se bahuta hI AkarSaka aura priya lagatA thA. jina logoM ne unake mukha se devacanda jI, AnandaghanajI aura vinayacanda jI kI caubIsI sunI hai, ve bhalI-bhAMti jAnate haiM ki unake saMgIta kI svara-laharI meM kitanA Ananda thA? kitanA AkarSaNa thA ? kitanI tallInatA thI ? sunanevAlA zrotA adhyAtmarasa kI saritA meM DUba-DUba jAtA thA. antaraMga Ananda meM jhUma-jhUma jAtA thA. gAne vAlA aura sunanevAlA Atma-vibhora ho jAtA thA. mujhako aneka bAra isa adhyAtma-rasa ke anubhava karane kA parama saubhAgya milA thA. vihAra-yAtrAoM meM aneka bAra aisA AyA, jaba ki svAmI jI mahArAja aura zraddheya amaracandrajI mahArAja-donoM jamakara baiTha jAte the aura eka-dUsare ko sunate sunAte. 'svAmI jI sunAte Anandaghana ke adhyAtma-pada aura gurudeva sunAte AcArya siddha sena divAkara kI aura AcArya samantabhadra kI dArzanika stuti' usa samaya hama logoM ko aisA lagatA, jaise mAno adhyAtma aura darzana-zAstra kA sundara samanvaya hokara, do dhArAe~ mila-julakara eka vizAla mahAnada ke rUpa meM pravAhita hokara jana-mana ke tApa kA parihAra kara rahI hoM. kitane sukhada, kitane sundara, kitane madhura aura sAtha hI kitane ___JaineKCO Thelibrary.org CA
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________________ Jain ******************** 80 : muni zrI hajArImala jI smRti grantha : prathama adhyAya svapnila the jIvana ke ve kSaNa ? mujhe Aja bhI yAda hai ki haldIghATI kA itihAsa prasiddha durgama ghATiyoM ko pAra karate hue, eka aisA prasaMga AyA thA, jina durgama ghATiyoM ne kabhI rANApratApa aura bAdazAha akabara ke vIra sainikoM kA tumula nAda sunA thA. Aja ve hI ghATiyA~ do santoM kI, ahiMsA ke sevakoM kI zAnta svara-laharI se pratidhvanita hokara, adhyAtma-rasa meM DUba rahI hoM. jaise kyA likhUM. likhanA bahuta kucha cAhatA hU~, parantu atra likhA nahIM jAtA. Aja to yaha saba kucha jaise ananta atIta kI karuNa kahAnI banakara zeSa raha gayA hai. jaise-jaise atIta meM praveza karatA hU~, svAmI jI mahArAja ke madhura jIvana kI una madhura smRtiyoM ko khojane ke lie vaise-vaise citra mere smRti-paTa para aMkita hote jA rahe haiM. kintu kyA karU~ ? maiM apane antara mana kI bhAvanAoM ko abhivyakta nahIM kara pA rahA hU~. svAmIjI mahArAja kyA the ukta prazna kA samAdhAna karane ke lie na mere pAsa koI zabda na koI upamA, aura na koI vastu hI hai, jisake tulya meM unheM kaha sakU~. ve apane jaise Apa the. ve apane DhaMga ke nirAle the, adbhuta the aura asAdhAraNa bhI the. isalie ve hamase viziSTa the. 'Ao' zrApa aura hama saba milakara eka svara se usa vimala vibhUti ke sadguNoM kA kIrtana karaleM. zrI gulAbacandra muNota, ajamera namana ho mere kula ratna ko svargIya pUjya muni zrIhajArImalajI ma0 kI aura merI janmabhUmi eka hI thI. unase merA pArivArika dRSTi se nikaTatama saMbaMdha thA. saMsAra pakSa se ve mere kAkA sA0 the. tathApi maiM kaI varSoM taka unake puNyadarzanoM se vaMcita rahA. usakA mukhya kAraNa yaha thA ki mere janma se 6 varSa pUrva hI Apane vi0 saM0 1654 meM hI jinadIkSA grahaNa kara lI thI. dasa varSa kI alpAyu meM adhyayana ke hetu mujhe janmabhUmi se dUra calA jAnA par3A. maiM kabhI-kabhI cintana karate hue Azcarya meM par3a jAtA hU~ ki itane ucca saMskAra Apa meM kaise jAgRta hue ? spaSTa lagatA hai ki unakI mAtA hI putra ke liye susaMskAroM kI jananI thIM aura unakI preraNA se hI ve aise vikaTa patha ko apanA kara tyAga mArga para lage the. prathama bAra jaba mujhe Apake darzana kA saubhAgya ajamera meM prApta huA to hRdaya gadgada ho gayA. maiM saparivAra Apake darzana nimitta gayA. maiMne prathamabAra hI pAyA ki Apake vicAra ucca haiM, zAnti kI Apa sajIva pratimA haiM, ApakI vANI meM mRdutA hai, hRdaya meM komalatA hai, vyavahAra meM kuzalatA hai. maiM svargIya muni zrI hajArImalajI ma0 ko apanI zraddhAMjali arpita karate hue apanA gaurava samajhatA hU~ ki Apane apane parivAra ko hI nahIM kintu hajAroM vyaktiyoM ke jIvana ko ujjvala kara diyA. Apa itanI alpAyu meM tyAga mArga ko apanA kara bAla brahmacArI rahe. Apa advitIya sAhasa ke dhanI the. sahana-zIlatA, dhairya, evaM samadarzitva Adi Apake vizeSa guNa the. unake mana ke vimala cintana kI U~cAI kA kahA~ taka bayAna kiyA jAya ? unheM sampradAya kA AcArya pada pradAna karane kA prastAva saba sAdhuoM va saMgha dvArA rakhA gayA thA tathApi unhoMne asvIkAra kara diyA. eka vizeSatA Apake jIvana meM yaha thI ki Apa prazaMsA se harSita aura pratikUla AlocanAoM se kSubdha nahIM hote the. apane kartavya kI ora hI agrasara 0000 mahendrary.org
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~ : 81 rahate the. Apa 64 varSa taka nirantara sva-para kalyANa meM lIna rahe. aisI divaMgata mahAn AtmA kI pavitra smRti kisa vicArazIla mAnava ko na AyegI ? mere jIvana meM antima kSaNa taka unakI bAlasulabha saralatA smaraNa rahegI. aise zraddheya puruSoM ke caraNoM meM maiM natamastaka hU~. * EXXX pra0 zrIpuSkaramunijI mahArAja eka jyortimaya jIvana bahuta zauka se suna rahA thA jamAnA, tumhIM so gae dAstAM kahate-kahate ! jodhapura se Ae eka sajjana ke mukha se maMtrI hajArImalajI mahArAja ke svargavAsa kI hRdayavedhaka sUcanA sunI to sira cakarA gayA aura eka kSaNa taka vizvAsa hI nahIM huA ki kyA yaha satya hai ? maiMne unase prazna kiyA ki kyA kaha rahe haiM Apa ? unhoMne svAmI jI mahArAja kI rugraNatA kA vistRta vivaraNa sunAyA aura sAtha hI yaha bhI batAyA ki jodhapura se aMtyeSTi-kriyA meM sammilita hone ke liye zraddhAlu zrAvaka basa lekara pahuMce haiM. maMtrI munizrI ke svargavAsa ke duHkhada samAcAroM ne sahasA cAlIsa varSa purAnI smRtiyA~ jAgrata kara dI. vi0 saM0 1980 kA varSAvAsa zraddheya sadguruvarya mahAsthavira zrItArAcanda jI mahArAja kA pAlI meM thA. maiM bhI usa samaya gurudevazrI ke sAnnidhya meM dIkSA lene se pUrva dhArmika adhyayana kara rahA thA. usa varSa paMDita-pravara zrI jorAvaramala jI mahArAja ke sAtha Apa zrI kA cAturmAsa bhI vahIM thA. gurudeva se Apa vaya evaM dIkSA Adi meM laghu the. gurudeva ke prati ApakI apUrva niSThA thI aura unakA bhI Apa para apAra sneha thA. Apa samaya-samaya para unake pAsa bhI padhArate rahate the. mujha para bhI ApazrI kI asIma kRpA thI. Apane mujhe usa samaya madhura zikSAe~ pradAna kI-ve Aja bhI mere jIvana kI amUlya thAhI haiM. pichale cAlIsa varSoM meM bIsoM bAra svAmI jI mahArAja ke darzanoM kA saubhAgya samprApta huA hai. jayapura meM saMyukta varSAvAsa karane kA avasara bhI milA hai. unakI netra cikitsA ke avasara para lambe samaya taka sevA kA avasara prApta huA, Agamika, sAmAjika, aitihAsika Adi vividha viSayoM para vArtAlApa bhI kiyA hai vaha agaNita ziSTa vAgvinodaAja bhI kAnoM ke gahana gahvaroM meM pratidhvanita ho rahA hai. santa kI dRSTi se svAmI jI ma0 kI gaNanA prathama koTi meM kI jAyegI. ve uccakoTi ke sahRdaya santa the. unakA jIvana AcAra aura vicAra kA pAvana saMgama thA. Aja ke yuga meM pratibhA sampanna vidvAnoM kI kamI nahIM hai, yaha phasala bar3I tejI se bar3hatI jA rahI hai. vicArakoM kA bAjAra bhI bar3A garma hai. granthakAroM kA to kahanA hI kyA ! ve bhI alpa-saMkhyaka nahIM rahe haiM. para sacce santa bar3e maeNhage ho gaye haiM. kintu svAmI jI mahArAja sacce susaMskArI santa the. isI kAraNa janajana ke ve hRdaya ke hAra aura jana-mana ke samrATa the. sahRdayatA, niyamabaddhatA, parizramazIlatA, paradukhakAtaratA ityAdi jo sadguNa santajIvana meM apekSita haiM, ve sabhI svAmI jI mahArAja meM atyadhika mAtrA meM vidyamAna the. unakA hRdaya kusuma se bhI adhika komala aura makkhana se bhI adhika mRdu thA. unakI navanIta-sI snigdha sahRdayatA, viSaNya hRdayoM ke lie marahama kA kAma detI thI. suhAvanI subaha se bhI z2iyAdA thA unameM AkarSaNa. svAmI jI mahArAja kA apanA eka kendrIbhUta vicAra thA ki adhika vArtAlApa se samaya aura zakti kA apavyaya hotA hai, ata: bahuta hI kama bolo, aura jaba bolo to madhura bolo. madhura vANI hI santajIvana kI zobhA hai. mukha ko kaviyoM indian OOOY R ARVARIAtakar orary.org
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________________ Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Ci Qi Qi You You You You Ban Fa Qi 82 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya ne kamala kI upamA se samalaMkRta kiyA hai, ataH usase lalita zabdAvalI hI nikalanI cAhiye. svAmIjI mahArAja jaba bhI bolate the taba aisA hI pratIta hotA thA ki unakI vANI meM mizrI ghulI huI hai. ve svayaM kama bolanA pasanda karate the. mauna ke sambandha meM unake vicAra mananIya the. unhoMne eka bAra kahA thA- "mauna kevala dharma hI nahIM apitu svAsthya ke lie bhI eka acchA TaoNnika hai !" svAmI jI mahArAja kA rahana-sahana bar3A hI sAdA evaM sIdhA thA. jahA~ taka zuddha khAdI ke vastra upalabdha hote, ve una kA hI upayoga karanA zreyaskara samajhate the. choTA-sA aura phaTA-sA vastra zarIra para yoM hI DAla lete the. kabhI koI unheM kahatA to muskarA kara kaha dete-'bhAI, zarIra hI to DhaMkanA hai. vastra nayA ho yA purAnA ho, choTA ho yA bar3A !' svAmIjI mahArAja kI smaraNazakti vilakSaNa thI. unheM pUjya jayamalajI ma0, AcArya devacandajI, upAdhyAya yazovijayajI, AnandaghanajI, vinayacandajI Adi aneka santoM ke adhyAtmarasa se chalachalAte huye pada kaMThastha the. unakA galA bhI surIlA thA, jaba ve gAte to zrotA jhUma uThate the. rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata Adi ke prasaMgoM ko bahuta hI sundara DhaMga se sunAyA karate the. isake atirikta karmagrantha, tattvArthasUtra va Agama ke sundara sthala unake smRtipaTa para nAcate rahate the. rAjasthAnI lokathAe~, okhANe, cuTakule Adi bhI unheM bahuta se smaraNa the. jaba ve unheM sunAte the taba thotA ha~sa-ha~sa kara loTa-poTa ho jAte the. Aja smRti ke jharokhe se aneka smRtiyA~ jhAMka rahI haiM. una sabhI pAvana smRtiyoM ko isa laghu saMsmaraNa meM pironA kaThina hai. unakI smRti to sadA banI hI rahanI cAhie. zrIjJAna munijI mahArAja divya puruSa ke darzana santa kA veSa lene vAle vyaktiyoM kI saMsAra meM kamI nahIM hai. akele bhArata meM 56 lAkha ke lagabhaga sAdhu sune jAte haiM. sAdhuoM kI itanI vizAla saMkhyA hone para bhI logoM kA AcAra-vicAra samunnata na hokara avannata hotA calA jA rahA hai. yaha Azcarya kI bAta hai. akelA sUrya aMdhakAra ko nahIM chor3atA phira jahA~ lAkhoM sUrya hoM taba bhI aMdhakAra banA rahe, to mAnanA par3egA ki sUrya apane sUryatva se vihIna ho gayA hai, usakI aMdhakAra ko naSTa karane kI zakti samApta ho gaI hai. ThIka yahI bAta Aja ke sAdhu varga para bhI lAgU hotI hai. Aja sAdhu veSa avazya hai para vAstavika sAdhu bahuta kama haiM. sAdhUtA ke nAma para Aja DhoMga adhika panapa rahA hai. aise veSadhArI sAdhuoM se samAja evaM rASTra kA hita sampanna nahIM ho sakatA. samAja evaM rASTra kA hita unhIM sAdhu-santoM se saMbhava hai, jo moha-mAyA ke prAvaraNa ko dUra haTA kara ahiMsA, saMyama aura tapa ke virAT sAdhanA-patha para-bar3hate jA rahe haiM, tathA Atma bhAvanA evaM janahita-kalpanA meM apanI samasta zaktiyA~ nichAvara kara dete haiM. aise santoM kA darzana kahIM saubhAgya se hI hotA hai. saMskRta ke eka AcArya ko yaha kahanA par3A nija-hRdi vikasantaH, santi santaH kiyantaH ? arthAt apane hRdaya meM guNoM kA vikAsa karane vAle santa muni kitane haiM ? uttara spaSTa hai-bahuta thor3e haiM. cANakya nIti meM isI satya ko samajhAyA haisAdhavo na hi sarvatra, candanaM na 'bane-vane'.- hara kisI jaMgala meM candana ke vRkSa nahIM milA karate haiM. vaise hI hara sthAna para sAdhu puruSa bhI nahIM milA karate haiM. hamAre zraddheya zrIhajArImalajI ma. aise hI tyAgI, vairAgI munivara the. vairAgya japa-tapa ke vizAla sarovara meM ve gaharI DubakI lagAne vAle santa the. tyAga kI ujjvalatA ke sAtha-sAtha unakA aMtarjagat bAhara se bhI adhika sundara thA, samujjvala RAURAHAANTITARAT RATOPATHAKALINSAAMANAPAN AME Ve SHIDD ODIDI SOLora Jain Ede eMary.org
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~ : 83 4889XE3%88888888888EN thA. camatkRtipUrNa thA. saMyama sAdhanA kA parama pavitra anurAga unake kaNa-kaNa meM vyApta ho rahA thA. unake jIvana meM saMyama apanI parAkASThA taka pahu~ca cukA thA. isa taraha saMyama-sAdhanA ke adhyAtma Ananda meM ve sadA apramatta bhAva se nimagna rahA karate the. bhagavatI sUtra meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ne saMyamI puruSa ke sukha kA bar3I vilakSaNatApUrvaka varNana kiyA hai. ukta sUtra ke zataka 14, uddezya hai meM likhA hai ki eka mAsa kI dIkSA vAlA zramaNa, nirgrantha vANavyantara devoM ke sukha ko atikramaNa kara jAtA hai. do mAsa kI dIkSA vAlA nAgakumAra Adi bhavanavAsI devoM ke sukhoM kA atikramaNa kara jAtA hai. isI prakAra tIna mAsa kI dIkSA vAlA asurakumAra ke devoM ke sukha ko, cAra mAsa kI dIkSA vAlA graha nakSatra evaM tArAoM ke sukha ko, pA~ca mAsa kI dIkSA vAlA jyotiSka deva jAti ke indra candra evaM sUrya ke sukha ko, chaH mAsa kI dIkSA vAlA saudharma evaM IzAna devaloka ke sukha ko, sAta mAsa kI dIkSA vAlA sanatkumAra evaM mAhendra devoM ke sukha ko, ATha mAsa kI dIkSA vAlA brahmaloka evaM lAntaka devoM ke sukha ko, nava mAsa kI dIkSAvAlA, Anata aura prANata devoM ke sukha ko, gyAraha mAsa kI dIkSA vAlA nava praiveyaka devoM ke sukha ko tathA bAraha mAsa kI dIkSA vAlA zramaNa anuttaropapAtika devoM ke sukha ko atikramaNa kara jAtA hai." jahA~ taka maiM jAnatA hU~, vahA~ taka kaha sakatA hU~ ki bhagavAn mahAvIra kI ukta mAnyatA zraddheya maMtrI zrIhajArImalajI ma0 ke jIvana meM vyavahAra kA rUpa le rahI thI. mahArAjazrIjI apanI saMyama-sAdhanA meM tathA tyAga-bairAgya kI ArAdhanA meM sadA Anandavibhora rahA karate the. unake mastaka para kabhI salavaTa nahIM dekhI gaI. kyA bAla, kyA yuvaka, kyA vRddha, kyA nArI, kyA puruSa sabhI para ve sneha kI, prasannatA kI--madhura varSA kiyA karate the. saMyama kA ve pUrNatayA Ananda lUTa rahe the. parama AdaraNIya, santahRdaya maMtrI zrIhajArImalajI ma0 kA parama pavitra jIvana eka vistRta upavana ke samAna thA. usameM tyAga, vairAgya, japa, tapa, brahmacarya, dhairya, udAratA, sahRdayatA, kaThoratA, komalatA, duHkhI janoM ke prati vatsalatA Adi aise anekoM sugandhita guNa-puSpa dikhAI dete the, jinakI sugandha ne lAkhoM hRdayoM ko sugandhita banA diyA thA. maMtrI zrI ke jIvana kA eka-eka guNa itanA vilakSaNa aura adbhuta hai ki kucha kahate nahIM banatA. sabhI sadguNoM ke sambandha meM kucha na kaha kara Aja maiM zraddheya maMtrI zrI ke eka guNa kA varNana karU~gA. vaha guNa hai "vajrAdapi kaThorANi, mRdUni kusumAdapi" maMtrIzrIjI vajra se bhI adhika kaThora the, aura puSpa se bhI jyAdA komala. bajra aura puSpa donoM ke paraspara virodhI guNa eka sthAna para kaise Tika sakate haiM ? isa prazna kA uThanA svAbhAvika hai. maiM samajhatA hU~ zraddheya maMtrI kA jIvana isa prazna kA hI eka samAdhAna thA. unakI jIvana-ghaTanAoM se yaha suspaSTa ho jAtA hai ki isa pavitra jIvana meM donoM virodhI guNa binA kisI bAdhA ke spaSTatayA dekhe jA sakate haiM. maMtrI zrIjI ma. apane zarIra ke lie vajra ke samAna kaThora the. apane duHkha meM ve kabhI ghabarAe nahIM. bhayaMkara-se-bhayaMkara vedanA kI ghar3iyoM meM bhI inhoMne jabAna se ufa taka nahIM kI. pratyut bar3I zAnti aura dhIratA se use saharSa sahana kiyA. vastutaH sAdhaka kI mahattA isI bAta meM hai ki saMkaTa kI varSA ho rahI ho, pratikUlatA kI bhISaNa AMdhiyA~ cala rahI hoM, phira bhI yadi vaha DAMvADola nahIM hotA, dhairya ko apane hAtha se jAne nahIM detA, tathA apane bauddhika santulana ko sarvathA surakSita rakhatA hai, to sAdhaka kI inhIM vRttiyoM se patA calatA hai ki vaha saMsAra kA eka mahApuruSa hai. hamAre maMtrI zrIjI kA mahApuruSatva inhIM bAtoM se abhivyajita ho jAtA hai ki bhISaNa se bhISaNa duHkha meM bhI ve svastha rahe. jarA bhI DAMvADola nahIM hue aura pratikUla se pratikUla paristhiti meM bhI sabako prasanna mudrA meM dikhAI diyA karate the. para jaba ve (maMtrI zrIjI) kisI dUsare ko duHkhI dekha lete to eka dama sihara uThate the. karuNA ke mAre unakA hRdaya vyAkula ho uThatA thA. jaba taka usa duHkhI ke duHkha ko dUra nahIM kara dete the taba taka unako zAnti nahIM milatI thI. gosvAmI tulasIdAsajI kI Jain Education Intemational
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________________ 85 : muni zrIjahArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya #FARMERMIRMIRMIRMIREMEMEN santa hRdaya navanIta samAnA, kahA kavina para kahiya na jAnA ! nija duHkha dravahiM sadA navanItA,para duHkha dravahiM santa punItA !! yaha ukti inake jIva para zata pratizata satya pramANita hotI hai. gosAIM jI kA kahanA hai-kaviyoM ne santoM ke hRdayoM ko navanIta kI upamA dI hai. santa hRdaya ko ve mAkhana-tulya samajhate haiM. para vastusthiti aisI pratIta nahIM hotI. kyoMki mAkhana usa samaya dravita hotA hai, pighalatA hai, jaba svayaM tApa pAtA hai, para santahRdaya apane tApa se kabhI dravita nahIM hote, duHkha-velA meM to ve haMsate rahate haiM, kabhI ghabarAte nahIM haiM. ve to anya pIr3ita vyaktiyoM kI pIr3A ko dekhakara yA usakA smaraNa hote hI dukhita ho uThate haiM. ataH santa hRdaya aura navanIta donoM meM ApasI koI mela nahIM hai. eka para-paritApa se dravita hotA hai aura eka nija ke paritApa se. apanI bAta saMkSepa meM kaha dUM, zraddheya maMtrI zrI hajArImala jI ma. bar3e komala svabhAva ke mahApuruSa the. mAkhana kI komalatA unakI komalatA ke samakakSa nahIM baiTha sakatI thI. dhanya hai, ve mahApuruSa jinhoMne AtmA aura zarIra ke vAstavika bheda ko samajha kara apanI zAnti ko kabhI bhaMga nahIM hone diyA. ina maMgalamUrti mahApuruSa kI Adarza komalatA tathA vaz2amaya kaThoratA dekhakara hI mere mana kI parata para yaha saMskRta-vAkya ubhara AyA hai-'vajrAdapi kaThorANi, mRdUni kusumAdapi'. zrIrozanamunijI mahArAja eka vAkya jIvana-dIpa bana jAya sthavirapadavibhUSita zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja, guNAgAra ke rUpa meM Aja bhI mere sammukha sAkAra haiM. byAvara meM hI unake sAmIpya, darzana aura sevA kA zubha avasara prApta huA thA. vaha samaya alpa thA. parantu usa svalpa samaya kI pavitra dhar3iyoM meM hI maiMne unameM kucha aise guNoM ke darzana kiye ye jinake AkarSaNa svarUpa unake darzana kI zubhAzA punaHpunaH kiyA karatA thA. ve hRdaya se svaccha, komala, karuNAmUrti the. unake vimala hRdaya se nikale ve zabda Aja bhI mujhe pratikSaNa yAda Ate haiM. maiM socA karatA hU~ unake ye zabda hI merI sAdhanA kA AdhAra bana jAe~. unhoMne kahA thA--'rozana muni, tuma nirmohI aura amAyI ho'. una pUjya AtmA ke isa svaNima vAkya ko smaraNa karake zraddhAMjali arpita karatA hU~. unakA yaha vAkya hI merA jIvana-dIpa bana jAya. isa vAkya ko maiM jIvanaparyaMta na bisarU~. zrI rikhabarAja kaNa viTa eDavokeTa, jodhapura saralatA ke mUrtimAna svarUpa svAmIjI zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja ne karIba 65 paiMsaTha varSoM taka jaina-sAdhu kA jIvana bitAyA. prakAza-stambha kI taraha viSayAndhakAra meM bhUle-bhaTake jana-mana ko satpatha para calane kI preraNA pradAna karate rahe. jIvana bhara unakI yahI ceSTA rahI ki pApa, tApa va abhAva se pIr3ita mAnava samAja kA kalyANa ho. svAmIjI pratipala isI bhAvanA meM rahate the ki 'sarve bhavaMtu sukhinaH sarve santu nirAmayAH ! sarve bhadrANi pazyantu, mA kazcid duHkhabhAgbhavet !' .. . .. ... .... GOOD . Canah . ................000000000000000000000000000000000 Jain E 0 0000000000
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________________ SENENEREINK vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~ : 85 aise mahAtmAoM kI guNAvaliyoM kA smaraNa kara unake prati apanI zraddhAMjali arpita karane meM lekhaka apane ko kRtakRtya samajhatA hai. lekhaka ko svAmIjI mahArAja ke prathama darzana kA saubhAgya apane bacapana meM hI prApta ho gayA thA. lekhaka ke pitAjI ne svAmIjI mahArAja ke sambandha meM una dinoM bAtacIta ke daurAna meM kahA thA ki- svAmIjI 'cauthe Are kI bAnagI' haiM. taba se svAmIjI ke svargArohaNa taka lekhaka kA svAmIjI se paricaya rahA aura isa bIca saikar3oM bAra svAmIjI kI satsaMgati kA lAbha lekhaka ko milatA rahA. svAmIjI se samAja ko kucha na kucha satpreraNA va sphUrti prApta hotI rahatI thI. ucca bhAvoM kI pragati meM svAmIjI ke darzana sadA sahAyaka bane rahate the. svAmIjI kA saumya mukha-maNDala aura mIThe vacana anAyAsa hI samparka meM AnevAle vyakti ko apanI ora AkRSTa kara lete the. vyAvahArika rUpa meM svAmIjI manovijJAna ke mahAn paNDita the. sAMsArika logoM kI sthiti kA vicAra rakhakara hI ve janatA ko upadeza karate the. jisase zanaiH zanaiH zrotA kI abhiruci AdhyAtmikatA kI ora bar3hatI rahe. durUha zAstrIya bhAvoM ko lokabhASA meM prakaTa karane aura unheM janamAnasa meM aMkita karane kI kalA meM svAmIjI nipuNa the. saralatA svAmIjI meM kUTa-kUTakara bharI huI thii| svAmIjI saralatA ke mUrtimAna svarUpa the. jJAna, darzana, cAritra kI ArAdhanA meM ve uccatara bhUmikA para pahu~ce hue the kintu apanI ArAdhanA kA ijahAra unhoMne kabhI nahIM kiyA. svAmIjI gosvAmI tulasIdAsajI ke isa kathana ko mAnate the ki: 'puNya prakaTa nA kIjiye, kariye pApa prakAza, prakaTa kiye dou ghaTata hai varaNata tulasIdAsa !' svAmIjI mahArAja apanI choTI-sI kamajorI ko bhI bRhad rUpa meM mahasUsa karate the aura yahI kAraNa hai ki kamajoriyA~ unase dUra bhAgatI thIM. jAgatika prapaMca se ve kosoM dUra rahate the. iMca bhara bhI ve satya aura ahiMsA ke maMca se nIce nahIM utare. isa mahApuruSa ne jindagI meM jo pAyA vaha saba kucha sAMsArika prANiyoM ke upakAra ke liye bA~Ta diyA. choTe-choTe grAmoM meM bhI svAmIjI ne dharma-pracArArtha bhramaNa kiyA aura bhole-bhAle logoM ko satpatha para ArUr3ha hone kI preraNA dI. svAmIjI una ine-gine sAdhuoM meM the jinheM logoM ne sAmpradAyika dRSTi se nahIM dekhA, jaina tathA jainetara sabhI loga svAmIjI se dharma zravaNa kA avasara pAne meM apanA ahobhAgya samajhate the. saMkIrNa paridhi ko lAMghakara vizva kalyANArtha apane jIvana ko lagA denA svAmIjI kA lakSya thA. vaise svAmIjI svayaM sthAnakavAsI sAdhu paraMparA ke the kintu dUsare majahaba va sampradAyoM se svAmIjI ko dveSa nahIM thA. na svAmIjI ko isa bAta kA kadAgraha thA ki 'merA so saccA' balki svAmIjI to 'saccA so merA' kahane meM saMtoSa prApta karate the. unakI bhavya AkRti ke darzana mAtra karane se hI zraddhA va bhakti darzakoM meM prasphuTita hotI thI. vyaktigata mahatvakAMkSA svAmIjI ko chU taka na sakI. prAtaH smaraNIya pU0 jayamalajI mahArAja kI sampradAya ke AcArya banAne kA prazna Ane para svAmIjI ne AcAryapada para svayaM AsIna hone se iMkAra kiyA aura apane laghubhrAtA paNDita ratna mizrImalajI mahArAja kA nAma nirdiSTa kiyA. 'puttAya sIsAya bhavittA' kI ukti ke anusAra paNDita muni zrI mizrImalajI kI yogyatA bar3hAne kA sampUrNa zreya svAmIjI mahArAja ko hai jinakI chatrachAyA meM paNDita mizrImala jI mahArAja ne jJAna-dhyAna kI ArAdhanA kI aura jaina jagat ke samakSa nirmala prakAza denevAle sitAre ke rUpa meM jinheM hama Aja dekhakara gaurava anubhava kara rahe haiM. svAmIjI kA samasta jIvana saMsAra se virakta, udAsIna va nispRha thA aura ve svaccha, nirmala tathA ujjvala muni jIvana ke bhoktA the. svAmIjI una sabhI sAdhu ke lakSaNoM se ota-prota the jo zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ne sAdhu ke liye batAye haiM : nANa-dasaNa-sampannaM saMjame ya tave rayaM, evaM guNasamAuttaM saMjaya sAhumAlave ! zramaNa saMgha ke nirmANa ke samaya bhI svAmIjI mahArAja ne apanA pUrNa lakSya usa tarapha rakhA. svAmIjI kA vizvAsa thA
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________________ 86 : muni zrIhajArImala smRtigrantha : prathama adhyAya ki 'saMghe zaktiH kalau yuge.' zramaNa saMgha ke atyanta Agraha para svAmI jI ne marudhara prAnta ke mantrI banane kI svIkRti dI. svAmIjI priya bhASI, dUradarzI va guNavata hone se apane isa pada kA nirvAha karane meM pUrNata: sakSama the. pragatizIla vicAroM kA svAmIjI ne sadA svAgata kiyA aura unako samarthana diyA. svAmIjI ke guNoM kA kahA~ taka varNana kiyA jAya ve itane adhika haiM ki isa lekha ke kalevara meM unakA sAMketika ullekha bhI saMbhava nahIM hai. unake virAT jIvana meM gambhIratA, saralatA, marmajJatA, nItimattA, vatsalatA, sahiSNutA, AdhyAtmikatA, samatA Adi guNa isa taraha se vyApta the jaise tiloM meM tela vyApta ho. apane jIvana kAla meM unhoMne kevala apanA hI kalyANa nahIM kiyA kintu aneka prANiyoM ko satpatha para Age bar3hAyA aura sampUrNa vizva ke kalyANa meM nirata rahe. unakA bhautika zarIra pRthvI kI goda meM avazya samA gayA aura samAja meM eka abhAva kI khaTaka paidA kara gayA kintu yaza: zarIra unakA Aja bhI kAyama hai aura yuga-yugoM taka unake jIvana kI upAsanA aura dharma-pracAra saMsAra ke bhUle-bhaTake logoM ko satdharmakA prakAza dekara satpatha para Age bar3hane kI preraNA detA rahegA. muni zrIsamadarzIjI eka madhura smRti saralatA kA mahattva saralatA-sAdhanA kA prANa hai. zramaNa-sAdhanA to kyA, mAnavatA kI jyoti ko prajvalita karane ke lie bhI jIvana meM saralatA kA honA Avazyaka hai. Agama meM mAnava banane ke jo cAra kAraNa batAe haiM, unameM sarva prathama hai--"pagaibhaddayAe" arthAta prakRti kI bhadratA, saralatA--sAdhanAoM kA mula hai. saralatA kI sAkAra mUrti zraddheya maMtrI muni zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja, jinakI madhura saMsmRti hI Aja hamAre pAsa hai--jinakA abhAva mana ko pIr3A se bhara detA hai. ve saralatA, saumyatA evaM niSkapaTatA kI sAkAra mUrti the. unake jIvana meM vaha kalA thI, jo milane vAle vyakti ko sahaja hI apanI ora khIMca letI thI, dUsare ko apanA banA letI thI. vaha kalA-mana, vacana , vANI kI ekarUpatA thI. jo unake mana meM thA, vaha vANI meM aura jo vacana meM thA, vahI karma meM. jIvana kI yaha ekarUpatA ati durlabha hai, parantu zraddheya maMtrIjI mahArAja ke jIvana meM vaha svabhAvataH thI. unake pAvana-punIta jIvana kA yaha pahalU spRhaNIya hai. sacamuca ve saralatA ke prakAza-puMja the. unake kaNa-kaNa meM snehazIlatA evaM nizchala prema kI dhArA pravahamAna thI. jJAna aura karma yogI jJAna-pipAsA unake jIvana kI eka mahAn sAdha thI. jIvana ke aruNodaya se lekara jIvana kI saMdhyA taka ve anavarata jJAna-pipAsA ko zAnta karane meM tanmaya rahate the. jaba dekho tabhI svAdhyAya evaM saMyama kriyA meM vyasta milate the. niSkriya hokara baiThanA unheM pasanda nahIM thA. apane dainika kAryoM se nivRtta hokara avakAza ke samaya ve zAstroM kI gAthAe~ evaM bhakti rasa ke tathA upadezaprada bhajana kaNThastha karane meM laga jAte the. unheM dasa-bIsa nahIM, saikar3oM hajAroM bhajana, pada, evaM dohe kaMThastha the. EEEEEEE Jain Education Intemational
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~: 57 smRti ke madhura pRSTha : mujhe zraddheya maMtrIjI mahArAja ke darzana karane evaM unake caraNoM meM baiThakara sIkhane kA aneka bAra suavasara milA hai. vi0 saM0 2011 meM gurudeva upAcArya zrIgaNezIlAlajI mahArAja ke sAtha kucerA ke varSAvAsa ke samaya, ApakA jo sneha rahA, vaha adbhuta thA. usake bAda ajamera meM, bhInAsara sammelana meM evaM kucerA Adi kSetroM meM mujhe ApakI sevA meM rahane kA saubhAgya bhI prApta huA hai. ve mere jIvana ke madhura kSaNa rahe haiM, jinameM maiM unake caraNoM meM baiThakara kucha sIkha sakA. Aja ve madhura kSaNa kevala smRti ke madhura pRSTha hI raha gae haiM. Cha Qi Cha Qi Dai Dai Dai Dai Dai Dai Dai Dai Dai Dai Qi Qi Qi Ye Dai Lu DaoN0 zrIkuMjabihArIlAla puNya saMsmaraNaH santa hoM to aise hoM pUjya jaina muni zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja ke darzana va sevA kA zubha avasara mujhe cikitsA ke sevA-kArya karane ke prasaMga meM hI prApta huA thA. guNI va santa puruSoM kA maiM sadA se hI Adara karatA AyA hU~. mujhe Aja bhI citravat spaSTa va sAkAra smaraNa hai. rAjasthAna ke byAvara nagara meM usa santa puruSa kA eka dina haoNspiTala meM Agamana huA thA. unake sIne meM eka choTI-sI gAMTha thI. nidAna nimitta kakSa meM ve padhAre. maiMne nidAna kara unasekahA-mahArAja ! oNparezana karanA par3egA, lekina Apake sAtha gArajiyana...!' ve nimiSabhara mauna rahe. phira kahA'maiM taiyAra hU~. Apa apanI suvidhAnusAra oNparezana kara sakate haiM'. maiMne kahA-'mahArAja, klorophArma kA upayoga kiyA jAya yA iMjaikzana kA? mere prazna kA unhoMne saMkSipta uttara diyA--- eka kA bhI nahIM. maiM pUrI taraha taiyAra hU~. Apa apanI suvidhApUrvaka Aparezana kara sakate haiM. maiM unake sAhasapUrNa uttara ko sunakara Azcarya se staMbhita-sA raha gayA. dobArA kucha na kaha sakA. usa adbhuta puruSa ke oNparezana kI ghaTanA mujhe yAda hai. 30 minaTa meM unake vakSa ke dakSiNa pakSa se 5 tole kI gAMTha "lokala ainesthisiyA" se nikAlI. oNparezana kara cukane para mujhe to punaH apanA cikitsaka dharma nibhAnA thA. maiMne munizrI se kahA- 'mahAtmA jI ! Apa to santa puruSa haiM kintu hamAre thyorikala hisAba se Apako 3 dina taka yahIM rahanA cAhie-unhoMne oNparezana se pUrva jitanI sAhasa pUrNa svIkRti binA klorophArma ke oNparezana karane kI dI thI, utane hI sAhasapUrvaka kahA-hama jahA~ para Thahare haiM vaha sthAna yahA~ se 4 phAga hI hai. merA AtmavizvAsa kahatA hai ki maiM sakuzala vahA~ para pahu~ca jAU~gA. ve sacamuca hI jainasthAnaka meM pahu~ca gaye, 3 ghanTe bAda haoNspiTala kA samaya samApta hone para unake nivAsa sthAna para gayA to ve lakar3I ke pATa para zayana karate mile. isa oNparezana ke bAda bhI maiMne aneka jainamuniyoM kI cikitsA-sevA kI. Aja muni zrIhajArImalajI ma. saMsmaraNa likhate hue harSa hotA hai ki ve mahAn santa the. vastuta: bhArata kI AdhyAtmika vidyA va yogavidyA kI sataha taka aise hI santa pahu~ce haiM. aise santoM kI yogika prakriyAoM ke dvArA hI bhArata RSi, muni, tyAgI va mahAtmAoM kA deza kahalAtA hai. mere mastiSka va hRdaya para unake puNya saMsmaraNa likhate hue jo bhAvodaya huA unake AdhAra para maiM kaha sakatA hU~ ki ve mahAn santa the. santa hoM to aise hI hoM. Jain Education Intera ESOT Use Only -
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________________ 88 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya zrI pArasamala 'prasUna' saMsmaraNa : viSa amRta ho gayA EVERNMENXXMMXKINENEWHINRN gaurA, lambA, patalA, zubhravastrAvRta subhaga badana, A~khoM meM vihaMsatI prabhA, mukhapara maMda mRdu muskAna, vANI meM madhurimA kA akSaya koSa. isa koSa meM chupA thA viSa ko amRta meM parivartita karane vAlA AtmA-zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja. eka zabda meM kaheM to sacce santa. saralatA kI pratimUrti. kAruNya evaM vAtsalya ke sAkSAt sindhu. jisa kisI ne eka bAra bhI unakA pAvana manabhAvana sudarzana kiyA, vaha bhalA kyA pUjyapravara ke mukha para pratikSaNa khelane vAlI maMda madhurimA ko kabhI vismRta kara sakegA? kabhI nahIM. pUjya gurudeva kI madhura amRtopama vANI to Aja bhI zatasahasra bhAvuka bhaktoM ke hRdaya ko ullasita kara rahI hai. gurudeva meM sphaTika maNi kI bhAMti vimala jJAna ke sAtha gaMgA-jala se bhI vizeSa nirmala AcaraNa kA kaMcana-maNi kA susaMyoga thA. unakA Adarza jIvana Aja bhI hamArA pathapradarzaka hai. unake jIvana-citrapaTa ke ke divya dRzya kabhI bhI adRzya nahIM hoMge. gurudeva kSamA-zAnti ke sAgara the. unake saMparka meM Akara aneka pASANa-hudava bhI dravita ho gaye. unake saMsmaraNa kI eka jhA~kI yahA~ prastuta hai. parama saubhAgya se pUjya gurudeva kA saM0 2005 kA barSAvAsa hamAre choTe-se grAma bhopAlagar3ha meM huA thA. usa samaya vidyAlaya ke pradhAna adhyApaka ke rUpa meM zrI baTuka jI niyukta the. ve svabhAva ke kaThora the. jo bAta eka bAra kaha dI usako usI rUpa meM karavA lenA unake jIvana kI ullekhanIya vizeSatA thI. jaba unakI krodha se tanI huI bhRkuTi dekhate to hama vidyArthI to kyA, grAmavAsI bhI bhayabhIta ho jAte the. prasaMga kA smaraNa nahIM hai. eka bAra unhoMne kisI samasyA ko lekara vidyAlaya-haoNla ke sAmane bhUkha har3atAla kara dI. sAre grAma meM khabara phaila gaI, paryApta prayatna isa bAta ke liye kiye gaye ki ve kisI prakAra apanI bhUkha har3atAla sthagita kara deM. para saba prayatna viphala siddha ho cuke the. do dina bIta gaye the. vidyAlaya ke itihAsa meM yaha eka prakAra kI abhUtapUrva ghaTanA thI. adhyApaka jI ne ghoSita kara diyA thA ki yaha brAhmaNa-zarIra to aba prANa taja kara hI uThegA. sthiti lAilAja ho gaI thI. pUjyapravara kA dhyAna isa ora AkarSita hue binA na rahA. svAmI jI ne atyaMta snehapUrvaka adhyApaka jI ko ekAMta meM bulAkara samajhAyA. kucha hI minaTa ke bAda svAmI jI ma. se vArtA karake ve bAhara Aye to dekhA-unake cehare para prasannatA kI kAnti parivyApta thI. ve vaira bhUla gaye. krodhI cehare para zAnti va prasannatA kI lahareM camakane lagIM. unake netra pazcAttApa se sAzru ho rahe the. unakI A~khoM se gaMgA-jamunA kI avirala dhArA pravAhita ho rahI thI. grAmavAsiyoM ke mana meM jo AzaMkA va azAnti chAI huI thI vaha kSaNa mAtra meM hI miTa gaI aura svAmI jI ma0 ne samagra grAmavAsiyoM kI zraddhA prApta kI. prema va zAnti kA yaha bolatA pratyakSa jAdU thA. pyAra ke samakSa krodha kI parAjaya thI. vAtAvaraNa meM nayA Ananda aura ullAsa thA. mAnavamedinI meM sarvatra carcA thI ki isa anokhI ghaTanA ne to caMDakauzika va bhagavAna mahAvIra kI ghaTanA kA smaraNa karA diyA hai. phira to jaba taka gurudeva virAje baTuka jI pratidina munizrI ke pravacanoM kA lAbha lete rahe. unhoMne aneka bAra anekoM se isa bAta ko duharAyA ki svAmI jI mere jIvana ke parama nirmAtA haiM. maiM inake upakAra ko jIvana kI AkharI ghar3I taka nahIM bhUla sakatA. to aise the hamAre parama pUjya gurudeva zrIhajArImalajI ma0. unake pavitra paricaya se viSa bhI amRta meM pariNata ho gayA. usa divya AtmA ko maiM apanI zraddhA ke puSpa arpita kara apane ko kRtakRtya anubhava karatA hU~. YORY vie VIURI ANCIENOM Jain Education Intemational
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~ : 89 zrIdevendra munijI, zAstrI, sAhityaratna ve eka mahApuruSa the Ye Zhi Ye Xuan Zhan Dui Qiu Mi Lai Lai Lai Lai Lai Lai Lai Lai Kao An phrAMsa ke vizva-vikhyAta vidvAn romyAM rolAM ne kahA-"mahApuruSa U~ce zaila-zikharoM ke samAna hote haiM. havA una para joroM se prahAra karatI hai, megha unako DhaMka detA hai, parantu vahIM hama adhika khule taura se va jora se sA~sa le sakate haiM." vastutaH mahApuruSa kI chatrachAyA meM aura unake pAvana pAdapadmoM meM baiThakara jo AnandAnubhUti hotI hai vaha anubhavagamya hai. mahApuruSa svayaM kaSTa sahana karate haiM kintu Athita vyakti ko kabhI kaSTa nahIM hone dete. jahA~ ve svayaM ke lie 'vajrAdapi kaThora' hote haiM vahA~ dUsaroM ke lie kusumAdapi komala hote haiM. ve svayaM vighnoM aura bAdhAoM ke vAtyAcakoM se vicalita nahIM hote parantu dukhiyoM ke svalpa se karuNa krandana se bhI kAMpa jAte haiM. anekAnta kI bhASA meM kahA jAya to mahApuruSa kA jIvana vividhatAoM kA sundara saMgama hai. usameM komalatA hai, kaThoratA bhI, sahiSNutA bhI Avega bhI, niSThA bhI, tarka bhI, apekSA bhI, upekSA bhI, rAga bhI, virAga bhI, AcAra bhI, vicAra bhI aura saralatA bhI hotI hai. yaha eka zAzvata siddhAMta hai ki mahApuruSa banane ke liye jIvana ko nikhAranA aura camakAnA hotA hai. tape binA koI bhI vyakti jyoti nahIM banatA aura khape binA koI bhI vyakti motI nahIM banatA. parama-zraddheya zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja isI prakAra ke eka viziSTa mahApuruSa the. unakA jIvana gaMgA kI taraha nirmala thA, sphaTika kI taraha svaccha thA, saMgIta kI taraha sukhada thA aura uSA kI taraha mohaka thA. san 1942 ke maI ke dvitIya saptAha meM usa mahApuruSa ke darzanoM kA saubhAgya sarvaprathama byAvara meM prApta huA. gaihuA~ varNa, lambA kada, ekaharA zarIra, unnata lalATa, painI nAka, upanetra meM se gola-gola camakatI huI A~kheM, sajaga karNa, adharoM para khelatI snigdha madhura-muskAna, viralarUpa meM suzobhita sira para barpha-sI dhavala kezarAzi-yaha thA unakA bAhya vyaktitva jise maiM ajJAta preraNAvaza TakaTakI lagAye kucha kSaNoM taka nihAratA rahA. mujhe anubhava huA ki unake prazasta lalATa para krodha aura duzciMtAoM kI likhAvaTa nahIM hai, sIdhI aura sarala bhRkuTiyoM meM asahiSNutA kA kuMcana nahIM hai. U~cI va painI nAsikA para dambha kA utAra-car3hAva nahIM hai. adharoM para niSThuratA kI vakratA nahIM hai aura na evaresTa kI taraha unakA vyaktitva durUha hai apitu saritA kI sarasadhArA ke samAna sahaja grAhya hai jo apane zItala svaccha zikharoM se jana-jana ke mana ko AhlAdita karatA hai. kavi kI bhASA meM jisake adharoM para agara, amara madhura muskAna, usake liye jahAna meM, saba kucha hai AsAna. bhArata ke aneka mUrddhanya manISI mahApuruSoM ko atyanta sannikaTa se dekhane kA ina paMktiyoM ke lekhaka ko avasara prApta huA hai. isa AdhAra para adhikAra kI bhASA meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja bhI eka viziSTa mahApuruSa the. kAralAila ne mahApuruSa kI paribhASA karate hue likhA hai ki-"kisI bhI mahApuruSa kI mahAnatA kA patA lagAnA hai to yaha dekhanA cAhiye ki vaha apane choToM ke sAtha kaisA bartAva karatA hai ?" prastuta kasauTI para zrIhajArImala jI mahArAja pUrNa khare utarate the. bhArata ke vicArakoM ne mastiSka ko mahattva nahIM diyA hai apitu yaha kahA ki hRdayazUnya vikasita mastiSka-abhizApa hai. zrIhajArImala jI mahArAja bAla kI khAla nikAlanevAle prakANDa paNDita nahIM the aura na dhuMAdhAra pravaktA hI, tathApi unakA hRdaya itanA vizAla thA aura mana itanA virAT thA ki AbAla vRddha sabhI unheM zraddhA kI dRSTi se dekhate the. ve hRdaya ke rAjA the, manake samrAT the. usa yuga-puruSa ke jIvana meM anekoM guNa the-sahRdayatA, niyamabaddhatA, paraduHkhakAtaratA, saralatA saujanya-Adi. unakA jagamagAtA vyaktitva, vastutaH vibhinna raMgoM se raMjita eka kalAmaya citra kI taraha ramaNIya thA. kisI ko ucca svara meM vArtAlApa karate dekhakara unake rogaTe khar3e ho jAte the. ve kabhI-kabhI madhumakSikAoM ke daMza sadRza pIr3A kA anubhava MOR Jain Education Intemational
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________________ Mi Fei Mi Cha Cha Cha Cha Sun Man Man Man Cha Cha Cha Cha Xie Mi Mi Mi Mi 10 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya karate the. usa samaya unakA abhinaya prekSaNIya hotA thA. duniyA ise kAyaratA kaha sakatI hai parantu vicAraka use unakA bahuta bar3A guNa mAnate aura svabhAva kI komalatA kahate haiM. apane svabhAva kI komalatA ke kAraNa ve saMgharSoM se sadA dUra rahe aura aMta taka janapriya bane rahe. san 1955 meM jayapura meM saMyukta varSAvAsa thA. usa varSAvAsa ke madhura saMsmaraNa Aja bhI smRti-paTala para calacitroM kI bhA~ti Arahe haiM. para una sabhI ko vAkyoM kI kar3iyoM meM pironA kaThina hai. eka zabda meM kahA jAya to usa mahApuruSa meM purAnI pIr3hiyoM kI saba khUbiyoM ke sAtha hI navIna vicAra bhI paryApta mAtrA meM the. durbhAgya se ve Aja hamAre bIca meM nahIM haiM para unakA pAvana caritra prakAzastambha kI taraha sadA hamArA patha-pradarzana karatA rahe. yahI maMgala-kAmanA hai. muni zrIrAmaprasAdajI. puNyA: smRtayaH na yo'bhUd mAdakSaiH paricitataro'tItasamaye, na pUrva yasyAsIt, prathitataranAmA'pyavagatam ! hajArImallAkhyaM, muni-bahula-bhInAsara-bhuvi munIndraM taM netre nimiSamiha sAkSAtkRtavatI' !! -jina hajArImalajI mahArAja kA hameM pahale paricaya nahIM thA, tathA prasiddha hone para bhI jinakA nAma hamane kabhI nahIM sunA thA, unheM bhInAsara meM-jahA~ bahuta se muni ekatrita the-hamAre apalaka netroM ne dekhA. kacAH zuklAH zuklA hima iva himAvAsa-zirasi, vapuH zuklaM zuklaM sita-paTa dharatvAdavikalam ! tathA zuklaH zuklo madhuratarahAsazca vadane, samA zuklA tasyAvaratati hi mUrtiH smRtipathe !! -himAlaya para par3I hima ke samAna dhavala unake keza the. unakI gaura-deha zveta-paridhAna ke kAraNa aura bhI ujjvala lagatI thI. unake cehare para madhuratA-pUrNa muskAna kI dhavalimA thI. isa prakAra unakI zuklAti-zukla mUrti hameM smaraNa ho rahI hai. vayobhirdIkSAbdaijina-vacana-zikSAdi-suguNaiH, mahattva vibhrANaH paramapi dadhAno gurupadam ! laghUnAM sAdhUnAmapi, sahaja-mudrAM tu kalayan, kRte sa vyAhArSId hasitavadanaH svAgatamiti !! -ve Ayu kAla aura dIkSA kAla se bar3e the. jinAgama kI zikSAoM se paripUrNa the tathA anya guNoM se bhI mahAn the. gurutva kA utkRSTa pada unheM prApta thA. phira bhI apanI sahaja mudrA athavA svAbhAvikatA ko banAye rakhate hue ve choTe muniyoM ke lie bhI prasannavadana hokara svAgata pada kA prayoga karate the. na vidvatvaM teSAM na ca vibhu-prabhAvaH prabhavatAm, paTutvaM vA vANyA laghu-samaya-saMgena viditam / tathApi vyAhRtyA harati hi mano me madhuratA, tathA bAlasyevA''harati khalu teSAM saralatA !! -- unake pANDitya ko, unake bar3appana ke vyApaka prabhAva ko tathA unakI vANI ke kauzala ko bahuta thor3e samaya sAtha 'rahane ke kAraNa hama na bhI jAna sake to bhI unakI vacana-mAdhurI bar3I hRdayahArI pratIta hotI thI tathA unakI bAla-sulabha saralatA mana ko AkRSTa karatI thI. madIyaiH svaryAtairgurubhiratha vAcaspati-padaiH, purA teSAM prItiH samajani sudhAsAra-bharitA ! ahaM smAraM-smAraM nija-manasi tAmeva niyatam, puraskartukAvyai rimamaguruyatnaM vihitavAn !! -mere svargIya gurudeva vyAkhyAnavAcaspati zrImadanalAlajI mahArAja se unakA amRta-rasa-vAhI-sneha bahuta pahale ho gayA thA. usI sneha ko apane mana meM punaHpunaH lAte hue kucha paMktiyoM dvArA prakaTa karane kA yaha laghutara prayatna kiyA hai. 1. napusaMka liMge dvivacane prayogaH KYA Jain Edulcorintem For Sale & Personal Use Only www.jinvenorary.org
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~ : 11 HEAKTMEMENNNNNYMNM843030 DA0 sUrajanArAyaNa jI, bhUtapUrva sivila sarjana, ajamera rAjya. namana karo svIkAra bhArata meM RSiyoM kI paramparA na hotI to bhAratIyoM ke pAsa adhyAtmavidyA na hotI to bhAratIya, anya dezoM kI tulanA meM kisa bAta meM mahAn kahalAte ? Aja anya deza bhautika dRSTi se apanA astitva alaga rakhate haiM parantu adRzyazakti ke anadekhe satya, va darzana kI gaharI gutthI aura AtmadRSTi kA jahA~ bhI prasaMga AtA hai unheM bhAratIya darzanoM kI dRSTi prApta karanI hotI hai. isa dRSTi kA udgama duniyA se dUra raha kara sArvabhauma satya kA sAkSA- tkAra karane vAle santa haiM. ata: RSi paramparA kA, bhArata ne sadaiva RNa svIkAra kiyA hai. RSi muniyoM kI parArthacintanAtmaka pAvanI gaMgA meM bhArata snAna kara AtmasphUrta rahA. Aja bhI santasaMskRti ke prati hama bhAratIya loga AkarSita aura zraddhAvAn haiMisIliye ki santoM ke anubhUtimUlaka amRta se hamArI AtmA ko paritRpti prApta hotI hai. mujhe cikitsA ke mAdhyama se jana-sevA kI dRSTi apane gulAbI bacapana meM mahApuruSoM ke jIvana-caritra par3hate-par3hate, prApta huI thI. apane jana-sevA-kArya meM jainamuniyoM kI cikitsA kA bhI aneka bAra zubha prasaMga AyA hai. pUjya svAmI zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja kI cikitsA karane ke prasaMga meM maiMne unase aneka bAra dharma carcA bhI kI hai. maiMne anubhava kiyA thA-svAmIjI ke raktANuoM meM bhI sAdhutA mizrita thI. bhayaMkara rogAkramaNa kI kaSTapUrNa velA meM bhI unake dhairya kA bA~dha phaulAdI hI banA rahA. jaba-jaba mujhe sAdhuoM kA pAvana jIvana-smaraNa AtA hai, taba-taba pUjya zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja kI bhavya aura sarala mUrti smRti ke A~gana meM sAkAra ho jAtI hai. merA hRdaya unakI, aura una jaise puruSoM kI smRti Ate hI zraddhApUrita ho jAtA hai. pUjya munizrI ko mere bhakti pUrvaka namaskAra haiM ve vimalAtmA jahA~ bhI hoM, mere namana svIkAra kareM !! pra. zrIkastUracandra jI mahArAja. saMsmaraNa aura kRtajJatA sarala svabhAvI pUjya munirAja zrIhajArImalajI ma. ke darzana kA saubhAgya aneka bAra mujhe prApta huA hai. jaba-jaba maiMne unake darzana kiye, unake udAtta, preraka aura karmaTha jIvana se preraNA grahaNa karane meM byAvara, jodhapura, nAgaura, bhInAsara prabhati nagara sAkSI haiM. unake sneha, audArya aura sadAzayatA Adi guNa mujhe Aja taka yAda Ate haiM. jodhapura varSAvAsa ke antima dinoM meM netra kA oNparezana karAkara maiM, saradArapurA meM ThaharA huA thA, svAmIjI ko kyA AvazyakatA thI ki ve mere pAsa, dIkSA meM bar3e hote huye bhI sAtA pRcchA karane Ate ? parantu yaha unake sahaja audArya aura nirmala sneha kA mahat udAharaNa hai. saM0 2018 meM mandasaura madhya pradeza varSAvAsa thA. sahasA unake svargavAsI hone ke du:khada samAcAra sunakara hRdaya ko AghAta lagA. tabhI merA mana zoka meM DUbakara yaha socane ko vivaza huA-'zramaNasaMgha meM aba vRddha, anubhavI, udAracetA aura samatva kA sAdhaka santa kahA~ hai ?" unakA sneha sampradAya, prAnta, aura varga ke ghere meM kabhI Abaddha nahIM huA thA. unakA snehatattva dharmaniSTha thA. dharma kI carcA aura dharmAcaraNa jahA~ jisameM bhI unhoMne pAyA-ve una sabhI ke prati sahaja hI dravita hote the. STAN WANI Jain Education Intemational
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________________ 12 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya unake jIvana ke pAvana sandeza aura upadeza mere jIvana ko prakAzita kara rahe haiM. maiM unake prati atyanta kRtajJa hU~. sAtha hI usa divya divaMgata mahAna AtmA ke caraNAravinda meM zraddhAnata hUM. Ye Rong Mou Shen Zhi Ye Yang Qi Zhuang Man Zhuang Ye Zhe zrInainasukha hajArImalajI, botharA, ahamadanagara. saMsmaraNa aura zraddhA jaina saMskRti vyakti pUjA kI apekSA guNa pUjA meM vizvAsa rakhatI hai. parama zraddheya svAmI jI mahArAja bhI nirantara tattvacintana satata manana, jJAnArAdhana evaM Atma guNa ke ramaNa meM nimagna rahate huye dhyeya siddhi karane meM hI prayatnazIla rahate the. bhale hI Aja ve apane pArthiva zarIra se hamAre madhya nahIM rahe hoM parantu unakI jIvana-sugandha Aja bhI hameM preraNA de rahI hai. mere jIvana meM usa virala vibhUti ke darzana karane kA suavasara saMvat 2006 meM, svAmIjI mahArAja varSAvAsa nimita kucerA (rAjasthAna) kSetra meM virAjamAna the-taba AyA thA. prathama darzana meM jaba maiMne apanA paricaya diyA taba ve zAntamUrti merI tarapha dekhate rahe. maiM bhI unakI saralatA, zAnta mukhamudrA va bhadratA para mugdha thA. ve Alekhana karate rahe pazcAt madhura svara meM kahane lage 'mere guruvarya ke sAMsArikapakSa ke botharA parivAra meM se tumheM dekhakara gurudeva kI smRti jAgRta ho AtI hai. aura unhoMne eka prapatra jo mere dAdAjI zrIchoTemalajI botharA ne ghoDanadI (pUnA) se saMvat 1972 meM parama pUjya gurudeva kI sevA meM bhejA thA. mere pitA zrIhajArImalajI botharA ne unake Akasmika avasAna va vyathitacittatA, vyagna manaHsthiti evaM kuTumba para AI huI Apatti kA ullekha karate hue kuTumba va parijanoM ke sAtha AtmIya bhAva se guru bhakti ke bhAva kA citra citrita kiyA thA. mujhe par3hane ko diyA maiMne par3hakara anubhava kiyA ki mere prati gurudeva kA kitanA apanatva pUrNabhAva hai ? usa hRdayasparzI prasaMga kA smaraNa karate hI Aja merA hRdaya gadgada ho rahA hai. unhoMne jisa vAtsalya bhAva se mujhe apanApana diyA thA, vaha jIvana kI avismaraNIya velA hai. bhInAsara (rAjasthAna) ke bRhat sAdhu-sammelana ke vakta darzana kA punaH avasara prApta huA thA. maiMne apane jIvana ko dhanya mAnA thA. aise mahAn pavitra AtmA ko maiM zraddhA ke sumana samarpita karate huye Aja parama Ananda kI anubhUti kara rahA hU~. . zrIcampAlAlajI bAMThiyA. eka madhura saMsmaraNa uSNatApradhAna marudharA kA kucerA grAma ! caumAse kA mausama ! anya prAntoM meM jaba AsamAna se pAnI kI varSA hotI hai taba vahA~ zarIra se pasIne kI dhArAe~ bahatI haiM. unhIM dinoM maiM kucerA gayA thA. svargIya pUjya zrIgaNezIlAlajI ma. kA aura prarvataka zrIhajArImalajI ma. kA saMyukta caumAsA thA. donoM mahAn santa eka hI makAna meM Thahare the. Upara kI maMjila meM pUjyazrI aura nIce kI maMjila meM prarvatakajI the. jina kamaroM meM havA kA nAma-nizAna na thA, unhIM meM rAta-dina jJAnArjana, dhyAna aura svAdhyAya meM nimagna rahate hue pravartaka munizrI ko dekhakara vismaya ke sAtha anAyAsa hI unakI taponiSThA evaM sahiSNutA ke prati hRdaya meM zraddhAbhAva jAgRta ho uThA. hRdaya ne kahA--'sacce santa kA yahI lakSaNa hai. aisI kasauTiyoM para hI santa kA jIvana kasA jAnA cAhie.' _Jaineducation.artouri c. Private & Personale Jainalibdiry.org
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~ : 13 kisI bhI prakAra ke pradarzana kI bhAvanA ne unheM sparza taka nahIM kiyA thA. ve apane Apa meM jo kucha bhI the, usase anyathA pradarzita karane kI vRtti unameM nahIM thI. sAdagI, saralatA evaM zizu kI-sI zucitA unake jIvana kI sarvopari vizeSatA thI, jisane unakI sAdhanA meM prANoM kA saMcAra kara diyA thA. yadyapi merA unake sAtha vizeSa vArtAlApa nahIM huA tathApi unake ucca vyaktitva kA kucha aisA prabhAva mere mana para par3A ki vaha vismRta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA. Aja bhI vaha bhadrAtmA merI kalpanA meM jaise sazarIra aMkita hai. Nuo Nuo Cha Ye Qin Lai Zhang Zhang Zhang Nuo Nuo Nuo Nuo Nuo Nuo Nuo Nuo Yi Zhang Hong C zrIgulAbacandrajI jaina, dillI. mahAmanA muni zrIhajArImalajI san 1937 ke varSAkAla kI bAta hai. jodhapura se dillI vApasa Ate hue kucerA grAma (mAravAr3a) meM zrImadhukarajI ma. tathA unake gurutulya jyeSTha-gurubhAI vayovRddha munirAja zrIhajArImalajI ma. kA paricaya prApta karane kA saubhAgya milA. prathama paricaya meM hI ApakI saralatA, sajjanatA, sAdhutA aura vidyAprema kI asAdhAraNa chApa mere mana para par3I. isa ghaTanA ko 26-27 varSa ho gae, aba bhI aisA mAlUma par3atA hai ki mAno yaha ghaTanA abhI ghaTI hai. phira to aneka bAra jaba-jaba merA mAravAr3a jAnA hotA. taba-taba maiM prAyaH Apake darzana karane kA mana meM utsAha rakhatA aura phira darzana karake hI lauTatA ..! Apake vidyAprema aura apane sAdhuoM ko vidyA-adhyayana karAne aura kalAtmaka lekhana kI preraNA dene kA pratyakSa pramANa to usa samaya milA jaba paMDita becaradAsajI ke dvArA mujhe lagabhaga pAMca sau varSa purAnI svarNAkSaroM kI citrAMkita saMskRta bhASA meM eka pustaka 'kAlakAcArya kI kathA' pradAna kI. isake antima pRSTha para apane jyeSTha-gurubhrAtA munirAja zrIbrajalAlajI ke hAtha se sundara hindI bhASA ke akSaroM meM snehapUrNa upahAra pradAna karane ke AzISa vacana aMkita karAye. pustaka to Aja bhI aisI mAlUma hotI hai ki mAno abhI likhakara taiyAra kI gaI hai. purAtattvavettA aura bhAratIya tathA videzI vidvAnoM ne jaba isa graMtha ko dekhA taba yahI kahA ki aisI pustaka gujarAta aura rAjasthAna ke prAcIna jainabhaNDAroM meM bhI dekhane meM kama AtI hai, yaha pustaka bhAratIya evaM jaina-kalA kA uccatama pratIka hai. isake thor3e samaya bAda jaba maiM apane mitra phrAMsIsI prophesara olIvara lukumba ke sAtha AbU pahAr3a ke prAcIna jainamaMdiroM ko dekhakara lauTa rahA thA to maiM paMDita becaradAsajI se milane byAvara jaina-gurukula gayA. vahA~ bhI munizrI ke darzana karane aura vArtAlApa karane kA avasara milA. Apase dharma-kAryoM ke saMbaMdha meM anekoM bAra patra vyavahAra karane kA bhI gaurava prApta huA. isa lambI avadhi meM Apa se kitanI hI bAra kaI sthAnoM meM (gulAbapurA, ajamera Adi) meM bheMTa karane kA bhI avasara milA. yaha Apa hI kI kRpA kA pariNAma hai ki Aja muni zrImizrImalajI 'madhukara' prAkRta, saMskRta aura hindI bhASA ke yogya vidvAn aura kavi bana sake haiM / Apa kA hRdaya ati komala, madhura, niSkapaTa aura vAtsalyamaya thA. sampradAya meM rahate hue bhI ve sAmpradAyika saMkIrNatA se kosoM dUra the. umra meM bahuta adhika, kada lambA aura varNa gaura thA. vyavahAra meM U~ca-nIca yA choTe-bar3e kA bheda kiMcit bhI dekhane meM nahIM AtA thA. ve purAne jamAne ke munirAja the kintu vicAroM meM Aja ke navayuvaka sAdhuoM se pIche na the. Apake AcAra-vyavahAra meM dRr3hatA aura prANimAtra ke prati dayA ke bhAva bhare the. ADambara aura DhoMga se dUra the. ve mAravAr3a ke prasiddha jaina-munirAja RSi zrIjayamalajI mahArAja kI paraMparA ke ujjvala nakSatra the. aise mahAn santa ke prati maiM bhI apanI zraddhAMjali arpaNa karake apane Apako kRtArtha samajhatA hU~ sAtha hI prArthanA karatA hU~ ki munirAja zrI brajalAlajI aura zrImizrImalajI 'madhukara' Apake caraNacihnoM para calakara vIrazAsana kI sevA karane meM ApahI kI taraha sAmarthyavAn baneM. For Private & Personal use only www.janary.org
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________________ Song Biao Die Fu Song Tiao An Hua Chan Chan Hui Da Ju Zi 14 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : prathama adhyAya zrI dhIrajalAla ke0 turakhiyA jinazAsana kI vimala vibhUti - santa avasarpiNikAla meM bharata kSetra meM aneka vibhUtiyA~ jinazAsana meM ho cukI haiM. mahAn yazasvI AcArya zrIjayamalajI mahArAja kI sampradAya meM muni zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja bhI eka vibhUti the. Apa bar3e hI zAnta, dAnta, gaMbhIra aura saumya prakRti ke bhadrapariNAmI santa the. vihAra kSetra vizeSataH marubhUmi hI ApakA thA. Apa jaise santoM ke yoga se zuSka marubhUmi bhI dharma-udyAna se sadA harI-bharI thI. ApazrI se mujhe sarvaprathama byAvara gurukula ke adhiSThAtA ke nAte, sAdhusammelana ke maMtrI ke nAte, aura a0 bhA0 20 sthA0 jaina kAnpharensa ke maMtrI ke nAte va zrAvakasaMgha ke vinIta sevaka ke nAte aneka bAra darzana karane milane aura nikaTa paricaya meM Ane va satsaMga karane ke avasara mile. hara samaya Apako zAnta citta aura samatvabhAva meM pratiSThita dekhakara hRdaya ullasita hojAtA thA. Apake ziSya paM0 muni zrI mizrImalajI mahArAja 'madhukara' ko pUjya zrIjayamalajI mahArAja ke pATAnupATa ke lie nAgaura meM AcArya pada diyA gayA thA taba bhI Apa samarasI bhAva meM hI pAye gaye. ahaMkAra kA sparza na ho pAyA thA. aura to kyA duHkha, darda meM bhI ApameM vahI samarasI bhAva pAyA jAtA thA. kisI kI AlocanA hotI ho to vaise prasaMga se sadaiva dUra hI rahA karate the. unakA virodhI koI thA hI nahIM, agara kisI vighnasaMtoSI ne kabhI virodha bhI karanA cAhA taba bhI Apa apane samatvamUlaka bhAva se uparata nahIM hue, darzanArthI ke dvArA sukhazAnti kI pRcchA karane para Apake zrImukha se 'Ananda-maMgala' kI hI prati dhvani sunI jAtI thI. kiMbahunA, kabhI krodhAdi kaSAyoM ne Apako sparza hI nahIM kiyA thA. Apake sarala vimala AcAra aura vicAroM kI sAdagI dekhakara nikaTabhavyatA ke lakSaNa spaSTa hI parilakSita hote the. cauthe Are kI bAnagI rUpa santazrIjI the. samatA rasa ke samudravAle kisI ke dila ko na dukhAne meM sadA jAgRta, dayAnidhi, parama guNagrAhaka, saumyamUrti, bhadrapariNAmI muni zrI hajArImalajI ma0 ko jisane bhI eka bAra dekhA hogA vaha kabhI bhI unake jIvanotkarSamUlaka guNoM ko aura svabhAva ko vismRta nahIM kara sakatA hai. aise saMsAra meM Adarza divya puruSa ko mere koTizaH bhAvavandana haiM. paM0 raghuvIra sahAyajI zarmA, AyurvedAcArya. pAvana saMsmaraNa sAdhupuruSa, saMsAra ke uddhArakartA haiM kyoMki ve 'zuni caiva zvapAke ca paMDitA: samadarzina: ' ke siddhAntAnusAra sarvabhUtAtmaikya kA anubhava karate haiM. aura vItarAga hokara kaMcana aura kASTha meM samatva sAdhakara apanI icchAoM kI Ahuti dete hue apane jIvana ko AtmasAdhanA, jJAnopadeza, va janakalyANa ke liye arpita kara dete haiM. kAma, krodha ityAdi nirAkAra prabala zatruoM ko parAjita kara apane jIvana ko tapaHpUta banAnA hI apane jIvana kA parama dhyeya banAkara calate haiM. kAma, krodha, lobha, moha ke garta meM pha~se hue tathA anya jaghanya kAryoM meM rata vyaktiyoM kA uddhAra santoM ke sadupadezoM se huA hai. aura vartamAna meM bhI kitane hI kumArgagAmI, vilAsI tathA kaMcanakAminI ke pIche apane dharma-karma va jIvana ke uddezya ko bhUla jAnevAle vyaktiyoM ko apane sadupadezoM se mor3akara santa-jana hI ucita mArga para lAte haiM. zvetAmbara, sthAnakavAsI jaina-santoM meM AcArya zrIjayamalajI mahArAja ko sampradAya ke samujjvala ratna pUjyapAda zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja eka uccakoTi ke mahAn yogI, tapodhana, adhyAtmaniSTha sarala evam saumya, jJAnavRddha tathA cakra | Rca vara vara
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~ : 15 Nuo Nuo Fei Nuo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Qi Nuo Nuo Nuo Nuo Nuo Nuo AyuvRddha mahAtmA the. san 1943 meM seTha indracandrajI gelar3A ne apanI mAtezvarI kI smRti meM 'zrIjinezvara' dharmArtha auSadhAlaya' kI sthApanA kI aura auSadhAlaya ke dvArA jana-sevA karane kA prArambha se hI mujhe avasara milA. isa suyoga ke kAraNa hI svAmIjI mahArAja apane gurubhAI parama sevAbhAvI zrIbrajalAlajI mahArAja tathA paMDita-pravara zrImizrImalajI mahArAja 'madhukara' ke sAtha munitrayI ke rUpa meM kucerA padhAre. tabhI mahArAjazrI ke darzana karane kA saubhAgya mujhe prApta huA. lambA kada, godhUmavarNa, prazasta vizAla lalATa, AjAnubAhu, zAMta evaM muni janocita kAMtimayI mukhAkRti sarva sAdhAraNa ke hRdayoM meM zAnti kA saMcAra karatI thI, sAdhAraNa vyaktiyoM ko bAlyakAla meM mAtA-pitA evaM nikaTatama sambandhiyoM kA sneha apanI ora khIMcatA hai. vividha prakAra kI bAlasulabha krIr3Ae~ tathA Amoda-pramoda va pralobhana sAmane Ate haiM. kAla gati karatA jAtA hai, yauvana kA Agamana ho jAtA hai. vyakti sukhoM kI kaThora zRMkhalAoM meM ba~dha jAtA hai. kiMtu santahRdaya AtmA eka viziSTa Adarza lekara upasthita hotA hai. mahAmahima munirAja ko sAMsarika bhoga tathA sukha apanI tarapha AkRSTa nahIM kara sake. Apane bhautika vaibhavoM ko tRNavat tyAga diyA thA aura durdamanIya caMcala mana kI gati ko mor3a kara adhyAtma-sAdhanA kI ora prerita kiyA thA. isakA pratyakSa pramANa hai ki Apane kevala 11 varSa kI sukomala vaya meM hI bhAgavatI dIkSA dhAraNa kI thI. dIkSA lene ke uparAnta 32 varSa taka gurucaraNoM kI sevA meM rata rahate hue munivara ne saMskRta, prAkRta gujarAtI, hindI, braja evaM rAjasthAnI bhASA kA adhyayana kiyA. jaina-dharma ke anekoM graMthoM ko hRdayaMgama kiyA aura guruvara ke sAtha marubhUmi ke vividha sthAnoM para bhramaNa karate hue apane jIvana ko tapaHpUta banAyA. guruvara kA zarIra AtmalIna hone ke bAda saMvat 1986 se svAmIjI kA svataMtra vicaraNa prAraMbha huA. apane sarala subodha upadezoM kI amRtamayI vANI kI ajasra dhArA se jana-sAdhAraNa ke hRdayoM meM adhyAtma aura naitikatA kA saMcAra kiyA. lagabhaga 64 varSa taka munivara ne saMyamapUrNa tathA kaThina sAdhanAyukta sAdhu-jIvana bitAyA. svAmIjI bar3e hI zAnta sarala, aura uccakoTi ke bhadra santa the. munivara kA jIvana sarvajana prazaMsanIya rahA. Apa hRdaya ke itane vimala aura sarala the ki saMsAra se padmapatravat pUrNa nilipta tathA pUrNa virakta rahate huye bhI saMparka meM AnevAle sAdhAraNa tathA vizeSa sabhI vyaktiyoM se unakI sukha suvidhA ke viSaya meM sAdhAraNata: saMtoSajanaka vArtAlApa kara, sabako zAnti kA upadeza diyA karate the. ApakA sneha va sadupadeza kevala jaina-jagat taka hI sImita nahIM thA. jaina va jainetara sabhI ke sAtha Apa sarala va madhura bartAva ke abhyAsI the. unhoMne jahA~ bhI cAturmAsa kiyA vahA~ ke vAtAvaraNa meM sarvatra zAnti tathA prema kA sAmrAjya sthApita ho jAtA thA. varSARtu meM tapta bhUmi para megha unmukta rUpa se barasa kara use harI-bharI tathA zasya-zyAmalA banA detA hai, vaise hI duHkha kleza, dveSa, vaimasya, se dukhI hue sarvasAdhAraNa ke hRdaya, svAmIjI ke upadezoM kI zItala dhArA se zAnti prApta karate the. vividha dharmAvalambI janatA dUra-dUra se AkarSita hokara svAmIjI ke darzanArtha aura sadupadezoM ko zravaNa karane ke liye utsukatApUrvaka AyA karatI thI. jahA~-jahA~ bhI munivara cAturmAsa ke liye yA vicaraNa kAla meM padhAre, vahA~ sabane unako apanA hI mAnA aura sAmpradAyika bhedabhAva se dUra rahakara svAmIjI ke caraNoM ke darzana prApta kara apane ko kRtArtha kiyA. unakA apane guru-bhAiyoM ke prati itanA sneha thA ki Ajataka bahuta se loga yaha bhI nahIM jAna pAye ki ye gurubhAI haiM yA guruziSya. donoM gurubhAiyoM ne bhI Apako guru ke samAna hI samajhA. pichale pA~ca-sAta varSoM se munirAja ko hRdaya-vyAdhi kA kaSTa vizeSa rUpa se rahA karatA thA. cikitsakoM kI yaha rAya thI ki svAmIjI ko aba vizeSa paribhramaNa chor3akara eka sthAna para virAjamAna ho jAnA cAhiye. zrAvakoM kI bhI aneka bAra yahI vinatI rahI. parantu svAmIjI ne apane upadezoM se janatA ko vaMcita rakhanA kabhI ucita nahIM samajhA.
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________________ #NIRMEREKKARKHERE962 16 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya Apane jIvana ko paMgu banAkara eka sthAna para rahane kI apekSA vicaraNazIla jIvana hI pasaMda kiyA. ve kahate the ki 'ramatA jogI aura bahatA pAnI pavitra rahatA hai'. svAmIjI kA antima cAturmAsa saMvat 2018 kArtika zuklA 14 ko kucerA meM sAnanda sampanna huA thA. asvasthatAvaza barSAvAsa sampanna ho jAne para bhI kucha adhika samaya taka virAjanA huA thA. svAsthya kucha ThIka hone para khajavAnA kI tarapha vihAra kiyA. mahArAjazrI jaba khajanAnA virAja rahe the taba vahA~ ke zrAvakoM ne kucha adhika dina taka apane yahA~ virAjane kI prArthanA kI, svAmIjI ne zrAvakoM se kahA thA- 'mujhe to nokhA jAnA hai'. kauna jAne nokhA jAne kI yaha bAta svAmIjI kA bhaviSya jJAna thA yA akasmAt yUM hI yaha zabda svAmIjI mahArAja ke zrImukha se nikala gaye the. ve nokhA pahu~ca kara nokhA ke hI ho gaye. mer3atA tahasIla meM 'nokhA cAMdAvatoM' kA eka sundara grAma hai. madrAsa nagara ke khyAtanAmA seTha zrImAna mohanamalajI coraDiyA kI yaha janmabhUmi hai. yahA~ vizAla coraDiyA parivAra nivAsa karatA hai. yahA~ ke sabhI zrAvaka svAmI jI ma0 ke vizeSa bhakta haiM. bhaktoM kI bhAvanA pUrti ke liye hI svAmI jI, saMbhava hai, nokhA padhAre the. nokhA meM bar3e Ananda pUrvaka virAjamAna the. dharmadhyAna tathA tapasyA ityAdi cala rahI thI. parantu aghaTitaghaTitaM ghaTayati, sughaTitaghaTitAni durghaTIkurute / vidhireva tAnvighaTayati, yAnnaro naiva cintayati . sugamatA se sampanna hone vAle kArya kaThinatA se sampanna ho pAte haiM. anahonI ghaTanAyeM sAmane upasthita ho jAtI haiM. vidhividhAna kucha aisA vicitra hai ki una ghaTanAoM kA hama sabako sAmanA karanA par3atA hai, jinake bAre meM manuSya kabhI soca bhI nahIM pAtA hai. saM0 2018 caitrakRSNA dazamI kI rAtri ko unhoMne atyanta zAntabhAva se samAdhimaraNa kiyA. unake dehotsarga ke thor3e hI kSaNoM meM zoka-samAcAra cAroM ora gRhasthoM ne prasArita kiye. jodhapura, ajamera byAvara, pAlI, nAgaura, kucerA evaM sudura pradezoM meM jaina janatA ko tAra-phona Adi kiye gaye. samIpastha grAmoM ke nivAsI svAmIjI ke antima darzana karane umar3a par3e. svAmIjI ke pArthiva zarIra ko naye paridhAna pahanAye gaye. padmAsana se unake zarIra ko sthApita kiyA gayA. maiMne dekhA ki unakA mRta zarIra bhI tapa:tyAgamaya jIvana ke prabhAva se aisA laga rahA thA jaise ve dhyAnama drA meM hI baiThe hoM ! unake zarIra ko rajata zivikA para virAjita kiyA gayA. sahastroM kI saMkhyA meM nara-nArI apane guruvara kI zivikA ke sAtha dukhI va sAzrunayanoM se Age bar3ha rahe the. janasamUha dhIre-dhIre jainadharma kI jaya ke nAre lagAtA huA eka sarovara ke samIpa pahu~cA. jJAnI janoM kI bAta ko to jJAnI hI jAneM, parantu maiMne dekhA ki upasthita janasamUha sAzrunayanoM se unake antima agnisaMskAra ko dekha rahA thA. parivartini saMsAre mRtaH ko vA na jAyate ? yaha saMsAra parivartanazIla hai, jisane janma liyA hai usakI eka dina mRtyu bhI avazyaMbhAvI hai. vyakti AtA hai aura calA jAtA hai, parantu kucha vyakti aise hote haiM jo jAne ke bAda bhI jana-jana ke hRdayoM para apane vyaktitva kI aisI gaharI chApa chor3a jAte haiM jisase vaha cirasmaraNIya bana jAtI hai. astu zarIra tyAga jAne para bhI ve amara raheMge. svAmIjI ma. kI pavitra AtmA jahA~ bhI ho, maiM apanI-usa mahAn AtmA ko bhAvabhInI zraddhAMjali arpita karatA hU~. zrIlAlacandajI pItaliyA. mere manodevatA ke prati karAla kAla kI karatUtoM kA anta kahA~ ? dekhate-dekhate vaha hamAre zraddhAspada aura snehAspada janoM ko uThA le jAtA hai. vivaza A~kheM barasanA zuru kara detI haiM. barasatI haiM. barasatI rahatI haiM. mana kA vaha zraddhAbhAjana lauTakara nahIM AtA hai. Y MOTIONAL MADHAN de SIN GITUD SUV FuraniuTRATHORITTAMATAMITRUTIVATIONhI mtih..." ' RAIL Jain E i nemational
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyAM : 17 A~kheM kitanI hI baraseM, hRdaya kitanA hI pasIje, mana kitanA hI bhIge, para kAla kI bhayaMkara A~kheM kabhI nahIM bhIgatIM. usa dina sunA pUjya munimanA marudharA maMtrI zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja kAla kI AMkhoM A gaye, to vizvAsa nahIM huA thA. parantu avizvAsa kA mahala jaldI hI Dhaha gayA. aura phira maiM socane lagA--" unake svargavAsa se marudharA sUnI ho gaI. kyoMki marubhUmi meM ve AdhyAtmika bhAvoM ke kendrasthala the. marubhUmi kA hara zraddhAvAdI unameM apanI zraddhA arpita karake svayaM ko bhavabhramaNa se mukta anubhava karatA thA. merI jindagI kA vaha sunaharA dina thA, jisa dina (saM0 2015) kRpAlu gurudeva apanI pada-raja se mere gAMva sirayArI ( rANAvAsa) ko pAvana karane padhAre the. maiMne isase pahale unake kabhI darzana nahIM kiye the. darzana karate hI mana svataH hI unake prati jhuka gayA thA. sirayArI kA pratyeka vyakti unakA bhASaNa sunakara sadA ke liye unake prati AsthAvAn ho gayA thA. unake vyAkhyAna kI sarvopari vizeSatA thI-- 'madhuratA' aura 'saralatA'. dharmajAgaraNa aura jJAnArjana kI ve jina bhAvoM meM bhIgakara preraNA pradAna karate, una bhAvoM ko sunakara apane hRdaya kakSa meM dharmaniSThA aura jJAna kI akhaNDa lau prajvalita karane kI icchA balavatI ho uThatI thI. unakA janma TAGagar3ha (mevAr3a) ke samIpa DAMsariyA grAma meM huA thA. yaha gAMva parvatoM ke bIca basA huA hai. isa gAMva meM jana sAdhAraNa meM bhI paryApta sneha aura sadbhAva hai. yaha Ana-zAna para prANa dene vAle mevAr3a kI apanI nijI vizeSatA hai. yahI kAraNa hai ki svAmIjI ma0 ke svabhAva ko usane atyanta karuNAmaya banA diyA thA. unake puNya darzana karake mere mana meM isa kAmanA ne janma le liyA thA ki kucha samaya taka isa AtmA ke caraNoM meM rahUM. para durdeva ko vaha svIkAra na thA. usane mere manodevatA ko chIna liyA. merA mana unake prathama darzana se hI jhuka gayA thA. Aja bhI merA mana zraddhA se unake prati jhukA jA rahA hai. upAdhyAya zrIhastImalajI ma0 kabahuM na bisaru' ! zramaNa saMskRti kA mUla samatA para avalambita hai. kSaNabhaMgura bhukti patha se mana mor3akara, aTala-sukhada - nirmala-mukti kI ora, sahaja-sarala, sAtvika gati se bar3hanA evaM isake avarodhaka ajJAna aura moha ko vAyu prerita saghana ghana kI taraha dUra karanA hI, isa saMskRti kA pavitratama lakSya mAnA gayA hai jo samabhAva se hI siddha ho sakatA haiM. svAmI zrI hajArImalajI ma0 vastutaH zramaNa saMskRti evaM samatva ke eka mUrtimAn sajIva pratIka the. , unakI sahaja-saralatA, bhadratA, sahanazIlatA, AtmIyatA, samatA aura sahRdayatA Aja bhI jana-mAnasa meM sammAna pA rahI hai aura unakI saumyAkRti nayanoM meM nAca rahI hai. ataH guNamaya zarIra se Aja bhI svAmIjI hamAre sAmane haiM aura Age bhI raheMge. svargavAsa ke kucha mAsa pUrva hI unake pavitra darzana aura sukhada sahavAsa kA suavasara prApta huA thA. nikaTa se dekhA to pAyA ki ve mAna, sammAna aura mahimA pUjA kI kAmanA se sarvathA pare the. svAmIjI ke jIvana meM 'samayAe samaNo hoi' isa sUtra kA sAkSAtkAra hotA thA aura 'samo niMdApasaMsAsu' kA antarnAda gUMjatA rahatA thA. unake nizcala mana meM pada kI koI kAmanA nahIM thI, bhInAsara sammelana meM maMtrIpada se suzobhita hone para bhI unameM garvAtireka nahIM dikhAI diyA. sacamuca zramaNa jIvana kA aisA hI punIta Adarza saMsAra ko zAnti kA pATha dikhAne meM saphala ho sakatA hai. isa taraha ApakA zramaNa jIvana, usa virAT satya kA eka khulA pRSTha hai jo sadA sabake lie paramopayogI siddha ho sakatA hai. pUrva paramparA se unakA hamArA nikaTatama sambandha rahA hai. jayamallajI ma0 aura pUjya kuzalojIma0 paraspara guru bhAI the aura una donoM meM pragAr3ha prema aura asAdhAraNa bandhubhAva thA. Apa pUjya AcArya zrIjayamallajI ma0 kI saptama pIr3hI meM the aura hama kuzalojI ma0 kI saptama pIr3hI meM haiM. ve guNAgAra the. unake kina guNoM kA varNana kiyA jAya ! yahA~ to 'kabahUM na bisaru ho citAeM nahIM' kA saMgIta gUMja rahA hai. 600000 Ke She Can Xian Xian Tie Cha Cha Ji Ji Shen Cha Wei Wei www.jaithelibrary.org
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________________ * TEEEEEEEEXXXX 18 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-prantha : prathama adhyAya hRdaya kI zraddhA hAthoM meM zraddhA mere hRdaya meM hai ! zraddhA ko hAthoM se nikAla kara kaise batA sakatI hU~-gurUvara! ApakI dRSTi meM, Apake prati zraddhA rakhane vAlA aura azraddhAvAna donoM hI samAna the. Apako jIvana meM yaha nApane-jokhane kI AvazyakatA hI anubhava nahIM huI thI ki mujhameM kisakI kitanI zraddhA hai ! tathApi maiM, Apake prati kitanI zraddhA rakhatI pAI hU~-yaha hAtha para rakhakara to nahIM para hAtha se likhakara jatAnI par3a rahI hai ! par3a hI kyoM rahI hai-yaha merA parama punIta karttavya hai ! Apako nahIM samAjasthoM ko batAne-jatAne kI AvazyakatA hai. meM unhIM ko batA-jatA rahI hU~ phira bhI hRdaya meM uphanatI zraddhA hAthoM se uThAkara batAne meM asamartha hU~ ! merI zraddhA jitanI gaharI yA uthalI hai-merI zraddhA kI utanI hI gaharAI aura jitanA uthalApana hai, usakA utanA hI mUlyAMkana kara, vandanA ke sAmUhika uThate svaroM meM, eka svara merA bhI-apanI jAnakara-milA lenA ! kyoMki yaha merA loka vyavahAra gata zraddhArpaNa hai ! zraddhA hRdaya kI vastu hai ! usakA sthAna hRdaya hI hai ! yaha hAthoM meM nithAra kara nahIM nikAlI jAtI. zraddhA bA~TI bhI nahIM jAtI! zraddhA kRpaNa kI taraha hRdaya meM saMjokara rakhane se hRdayAndhakAra miTatA hai! maiM, hRdaya kA andhakAra miTAnA cAhatI hU~ ! zraddhApradarzana se hRdayaprakAza, prasthAna kara jAtA hai! andhakAra hRdaya ke andara praveza pAtA hai ! maiM zraddhA dekara bhI hRdaya zraddhA se zUnya karanA nahIM cAhatI ! merI zraddhA ke zraddheya saba ke zraddheya bana gaye-yaha merA acala-akhaNDa amara A CE saubhAgya hai ! -viduSI mahAsatI zrIumarAvakuMrajI --------------------0-0-0--0-0--0-0-0---- --- - ---- ----- any lion lme REATM ENanning Jam-Edl HalfORMURTAI NMAJHANTON awaiiiilim.... .. .. .... manubrary.org
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~ : 16 yugapuruSa : zraddheya zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja yugapuruSa apane yuga kI cetanA kA pratinidhi hotA hai. usake cintana meM yuga kA cintana calatA hai, usakI vANI meM yuga kI vANI mukharita hotI hai aura usake karma meM yuga kA karma prArambha hotA hai. yuga-puruSa kA jIvana jana-jana ke jIvana meM preraNA, sphUrti aura cetanA bhara detA hai. zraddheya zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja apane yuga kI eka vimala vibhUti the. ve kyA the ? vicAra meM gambhIra, AcAra meM prakhara aura vANI meM madhura ! unakA pAvana aura pavitra jIvana, vicAra aura AcAra kA sundara saMgamasthala thA. svAmIjI ma. apane siddhAnta meM aDiga aura aDola the. vyavahAra meM mRdu aura madhura hone para bhI ve kisI ke prabhAva meM nahIM Ate the. prakRti se bhAvuka evaM bhAvanA-zIla hote hue bhI vyavahAra meM unakI caturatA parilakSita hotI thI. dRSTikoNa unakA itanA vizAla thA ki usameM sabako samAhita hone kA sahaja hI avakAza mila jAtA thA. usa pAvana vyaktitva ke prati maiM apanI zraddhAMjali samarpita karatA hU~. pra0 zrIpRthvIcandrajI ma. **XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX* zraddhApuSpa svAmIjI mahArAja kA jIvana saralatA, sarasatA aura AtmasAdhanA se paripUrNa thA. unakA jIvana Aja bhI mere dRSTipaTala para pUrNataH aMkita hai.. jahA~ taka meM svAmIjI mahArAja ke jIvana-pahaluoM ko dekhabhAla pAyA hU~-usake AdhAra para kaha sakatA hU~ ki unake mana meM vaTuvraja-sI saralatA, vacana meM mizrI-sI madhuratA aura tana meM madhukara-sI sphUrti sAkAra thI aura thI sAdhanA ke patha para Age bar3hane meM vajra-sI kaThoratA. saumyAkRti se sadA sarvajanahitakara somarasa kI bUMdeM TapakA karatI thIM. unakA nAma 'hajArI' vastuta: sArthaka thA. vaha nAma Aja bhI hajAroM adharoM se uccarita hokara karNa-kuharoM meM gUMja rahA hai. usa alaukika Rju puruSa kI chApa mere hRdaya para anaMtakAla ke lie aMkita rahegI ! pra. muni zrIpannAlAlajI mahArAja arpita zraddhA-puSpa avanI para candana zItala hai. candana se candra kI cAMdanI zItala hai ! candra kI cAMdanI se santa zItala hai ! pazuoM se manuSya zreSTha hai ! sAdhAraNa manuSya se vidvAn zreSTha hai ! vidvAn kI vidvattA se santa kA maMgala-AcaraNa zreSTha hai ! hara taraha se santa sarvazreSTha hai ! uttama hai ! santa kA socanA, bolanA aura karanA yaha saba deva-koTi kA hai ! kyoMki vaha samAja se letA kama aura detA adhika hai. dene vAlA deva hai. jaina dRSTi se santa ke zubhAcaraNa kI tulanA meM indrAdi devoM kI samRddhi aura pada phIkA hai. kyoMki santa kA kaNa-kaNa jJAna darzana aura cAritra meM sarAbora hotA hai. ratnatraya kI sAdhanA ke liye sAdhujIvana uttama mAnA gayA hai. kyoMki vaha vyakti meM kendrita na hokara samaSTi meM vyApta hotA hai. usI ke hita meM rata rahatA hai. maMgala AcaraNa kevala santoM ke jimme hI ho aura santatvavRtti svIkAra kiye binA vaha sambhava nahIM hai--aisA nahIM hai. jainadharma meM usake lie do patha nirdhArita haiM. santavRtti aura gRhI (zrAvaka) vRtti. kintu hameM svIkAra karanA hogA- yaha saba sadvicAroM aura susaMskAroM ke binA sambhava nahIM hai. JainutOHINDI wamy.org
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________________ 100: muni zrIhajArImala smRti-prantha : prathama adhyAya MKAKKAR Wei Lai Zheng Nuo Mi Nuo Man Man Man Lai Ye Fei Fei merA saubhAgya hai ki santa-samAgama kI abhiruci mujhe pUrvajoM se prApta huI hai. usake phala-svarUpa hI maiM santoM kI sevA meM samaya-samaya para pahu~catA rahA hU~ aura santavacanoM kA lAbha uThAtA rahA hU~. apane jIvana meM kucha saphalatA ke darzana kiye haiM to vaha sAdhukRpA kA hI suphala hai. mere jIvana para do santoM kA vizeSa aura cAmatkArika prabhAva hai. eka pUjya zrI zobhAcandrajI ma0 tathA dUsare jana-jana pUjya svAmI zrIhajArImalajI ma0. inake atirikta bhI maiM aneka santoM ke samparka meM AyA hU~. svAmIjI ma. meM yaha vizeSatA thI ki ve svabhAva se atyanta sarala hone ke sAtha-sAtha atyanta upazAMtakaSAya the. svAmIjI ma0 ke pratyeka vyavahAra meM zItalatA zAnti evaM saralatA hI abhivyakta hotI thI. unhIM kI kRpA kA phala hai ki muni mizrImalajI ma0 'madhukara' jaise eka vidvAn aura abhimAna ke garala se rahita mahAn santa kI upalabdhi samAja ko huI hai. yahI kAraNa hai ki ve janatA ke vizeSa zraddhA aura Adara ke pAtra bane haiM.. vartamAna yuga kI sarvAdhika AvazyakatA sAmpradAyikatA ke unmUlana kI hai. paraspara prema kA pracAra tathA syAdvAda ke mahAn siddhAnta dvArA bhedabhAva ko miTAkara samanvaya kI ceSTA kI jAya. aisA na hone se dharma ko gaharA dhakkA lagane kI sambhAvanA ho rahI hai aura samaya tathA zakti naSTa ho rahI hai. jahA~ taka merI smRti kAma kara rahI hai, zrIhajArImala jI ma0 bhI mere ina vicAroM ko pasanda karate the aura unakA vyavahAra bhI isIke anusAra thA. inhIM vicAroM kA pUrNa pratibimba, maiM muni zrImizrImalajI ma0 'madhukara' meM dekha rahA hU~. isa vicAradhArA kA adhikAdhika pracAra ho to samAja bahuta lAbhAnvita ho sakatA hai. astu, usa pUjya puruSa ke prati maiM apanI zraddhAMjali arpita karatA huA yaha kAmanA karatA hU~ ki svAmIjI ma0 ke jIvana va upadezoM aura vicAroM ke anurUpa hI apanA jIvana banAU~. svAmIjI ma0 kI pavitra smRti meM merI zraddhA ke ye puSpa sAdara arpita haiM. mehatA raNajItamala, bhUtapUrva jaja hAIkorTa, jodhapura. zraddhAsumana-samarpaNa zraddheya divaMgata zrIhajArImala jI mahArAja kA 'smRtigraMtha' prakAzita hone jA rahA hai. isa avasara para maiM unake prati apanI zraddhAMjali ke rUpa meM do zabda nivedana karanA apanA mahAn saubhAgya samajhatA hU~. cAhe ve kisI bhI dharma ke hoM, santa saMsAra meM zreSTha haiM. jaina yA ajaina sabhI santa puruSoM kA jIvanastara, unakA Atmika jJAnadhyAna, tathA dainika kAryakrama-eka aise nirmala alaukika stara para calatA rahatA hai ki merI mAnyatA hai ki unake jIvana ko ThIka-ThIka AMkanA mujha jaise sAdhAraNa vyaktiyoM ke liye vaisA hI hai jaise AkAza ke sitAroM ko bhUtala para avatarita karane kA prayAsa. phira bhI sAdhAraNa mAnava kA bhI santa ke prati eka dRSTikoNa hotA hai. aura Aja ke yuga meM sabhI ko apanI bAta kahane kI svatantratA bhI to hai. yahI vicAradhArA merI ina paMktiyoM kI AdhArazilA hai. mahArAja zrI mujhe kaise dikhAI par3e ? tyAga aura tapa, jJAna aura dhyAna kA ojasvIpana unakI prasanna mukhamudrA para sadaiva zobhAyamAna rahatA thA. ve bahuta hI mitabhASI the. merA anumAna hai ki ve AvazyakatA hone para hI kucha kahane ko tatpara hote the. unakA svabhAva bahuta hI komala aura sarala thA. chala-kapaTa to unase kosoM dUra thA, aura jaba bhI mujhe unake darzanoM kA saubhAgya prApta huA, mujhe aisA lagatA thA ki ve agAdha zAnti aura asIma AtmAnanda ke mahAsAgara meM anavarata DubakiyAM lete rahate the. unakA zAnta-hRdaya sAMsArika prapaMcoM se sadaiva alaga-thalaga thA. aise santa jaina zramaNaparamparA ke to utkRSTa udAharaNa hote hI haiM, lekina merI alpabuddhi meM ve kisI deza, jAti, dharma va saMpradAya vizeSa kI hI sampatti RESS Jaine
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________________ Jain Education vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~ : 101 nahIM, kintu virAT mAnavatA ke uccattama pavitra pratIka bhI hote haiM, jina para hamAre deza ko hI nahIM, varan sAre vizva ko hI gaurava kI anubhUti honA svAbhAvika hai. aise santa, jaba apanI jIvana lIlA ko samApta kara divyatva kI ora prayANa karate haiM, to unakA sthAna rikta ho uThatA hai. sahaja hI, eka nyUnatA kA kaTu anubhava hotA hai. unakA sthAna sahaja meM bharA bhI nahIM jA sakatA hai. hama kevala unheM apanI zraddhAMjali ke bhAvapuSpa samarpita karane ke atirikta kara hI kyA sakate haiM ? nyAyamUrti zrI indranAtha modI parivartini saMsAre mRtaH ko vA na jAyate, sa jAtoyena jAtena vAti vaMzaH samunnatim, isa parivartanazIla saMsAra meM kauna nahIM janma lete haiM aura marate haiM ? kintu janma aura jIvana unhIM kA saphala hai, jinhoMne apane vaMza kI pratiSThA meM cAra cAMda lagAe, jAti ke abhyutthAna meM yogadAna kiyA, koI zreSTha kArya karake jIvana meM krAnti kI. zraddhAMjali vizvavATikA meM nAnA prakAra ke puSpa khilate haiM aura apanA saurabha duniyA ko luTA kara murajhA jAte haiM. aise hI mahAn puruSa bhI isa saMsAra meM Ate haiM aura apane satkRtyoM kA saurabha saMsAra meM phailAkara cale jAte haiM. jisa prakAra megha dRSTi karake calA jAtA hai, kintu pichalA vAtAvaraNa bahuta hI sundara banA jAtA hai. sampUrNa vasundharA ko harIbharI banA detA hai. mahAn puruSa vizva meM Ate haiM aura pathabhrAnta janoM ko satyapatha pradarzita karake tathA bhUtala ko apanI vANI-sudhA se AplAvita karake saMsAra se vidA ho jAte haiM. jana-jana ke hRdaya meM samyakjJAna kA mahAn prakAza phailAkara jAte haiM. muni zrIhajArImalajI svAmI bhI aise hI eka mahAn viziSTa santa the. Apane nirantara 64 varSoM taka apramatta bhAva se saMyamasAdhanA meM pragati karate hue bhArata ke vibhinna pradezoM meM paribhramaNa kiyA aura anekoM bhavyAtmAoM ko apane upadezAmRta kA pAna karAyA. Apake darzanoM kA saubhAgya mujhe byAvara meM prApta huA thA. ApakA saumya ceharA, bhadra svabhAva, zAnta prakRti tathA vANI kA anUThA prabhAva sadA smaraNIya hai. ApakI dRSTi meM vilakSaNa teja aura vyaktitva meM asAdhAraNa AkarSaNa thA. aise mahApuruSa ke caraNAravinda meM maiM, zraddhA ke sumana arpita kara kRtArthatA anubhava karatI hU~. satI zrI kumavatIjI national abhyarthanA aura zraddhAMjali mahApuruSa, muni zrIhajArImalajI ma0 kI pAvana smRti meM 'smRtigraMtha' prakAza meM A rahA hai. merI nizcita dhAraNA hai ki ve guNapUjA ke pakSakAra the jIvana paryanta unhoMne paMca mahAvratoM kA dRr3hatA pUrvaka pAlana kiyA thA. caritraniSTha mahAmuni ke jIvana kI divya preraNAoM ko AdhAra mAnakara hama bhI vargoM meM vibhAjita vItarAga ke anugAmI guNa- pUjA va tyAga pratiSThA kA zrIgaNeza kareM. yahI zubha abhyarthanA karate hue apanI vinIta zraddhAMjali prastuta karatA hU~. muni zrIjanaka vijayajI gaNi & Personal Lee Only 300 300 300 304:304 304 304 3043048 2045 204 302 302 304 304 3064 304 30 www.fainelibrary.org
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________________ 102 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya smaraNAJjali hamArA deza AryAvartta, Aja bhautika sAdhanoM meM, sainika bala meM, Arthika samRddhi meM tathA jar3a vijJAna meM vizva ke aneka dezoM se kitanA hI pichar3A huA kyoM na ho, phira bhI vaha eka aisI samRddhi kA dhanI hai jisake kAraNa samagra jagat ke vicArazIla vidvAn usakA Adara karate haiM. usa samRddhi kI badaulata Aja bhI usakA sthAna sarvopari hai aura usake kAraNa hama mahAn gaurava kI anubhUti karate haiM. vaha samRddhi hamArI AdhyAtmika saMskRti hai. antataH bhautikavAda se trasta jagata ko kisI samaya vahI zAnti pahu~cAegI, yaha hamArA sunizcita vizvAsa hai. ataeva hameM ise sajIva aura sphUrta banAye rakhanA hai. hama yaha bhUla nahIM sakate ki yaha punIta saMskRti bhArata ke RSiyoM kI tapasyA aura anubhUti kI hI dena hai aura unhIM kI kRpA se yaha Aja bhI jIvita hai. sva0 muni zrIhajArImalajI ma. ne isa saMskRti ko jIvita rakhane aura failAne meM jo mahattvapUrNa yoga diyA hai usake lie ve sadaiva abhinandanIya, abhivandanIya aura smaraNIya haiM. unakI AtmA hamArI isa smaraNAMjali ko svIkRta kare. zrI sujJAnacandra bhArilla, eDavokeTa merA yuga-yuga taka ho vandana ! aharniza sAdhanA kI akhaNDa-jyoti prajvalita rakhakara sAdhanA ke carama satya ko prApta karane vAle pUjya maMtrI munirAja zrIhajArImalajI ma0 ke darzana kara maiM dhanya-dhanya huI thI. vaha dina yAda A rahA hai. vaha samaya thA saM0 2012 bhInAsara sammelana kA. pUjyA sAdhvI zrIumarAvakuMvarajI ke zrImukha se-jaba ApakA jammU Agamana huA thA-paramazraddhaya gurudevazrI kI svabhAvagata vizeSatAoM kA varNana sunate-sunate maiM zraddhAbhibhUta ho bhaktinata ho gaI thI. unake bhInAsara meM darzana kara maiMne yaha anubhava kiyA thA-"Aja mere akhaNDa saubhAgya kA dina hai. jisa parama punIta AtmA ke darzana kara rahI hU~ inake jIvana meM madhuratA, dRSTi meM vAtsalya-bhAva aura teja hai. inake jInana meM viveka kI saMjIdagI hai. vRddha hote hue bhI svataH hI apanA kArya kara rahe haiM. kArya kara cukane para bhI prasannatA kA anubhava karate haiM. sevA inake jIvana kI bar3I vizeSatA hai." ina saba vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa hI ve jana-jana ke mana meM basa gae. jana-jana kI jihvA para basa gae. merA yaha durbhAgya hI rahA ki maiM punaH unake darzana na kara sakI. bhInAsara ke darzana hI mere prathama aura antima darzana siddha hue. parantu mere hRdaya ke kaNa-kaNa meM Aja bhI yahI antaradhvani gUMja rahI hai "usa santa puruSa ke caraNoM meM ho, merA yuga-yuga taka abhivAdana !" zrI kalAvatI jaina merI zraddhA ke AdhAra vizvAMgaNa meM manuSya svayaM anubhava prApta kara apane jIvana kI pustaka ke pRSThoM para AcaraNa kI masi se anubhava kA amRtAnubhavAMkana karanA cAhatA hai. yaha prayAsa atyanta pavitra hai. vikAsonmukha vyakti baMdhI-baMdhAI va sunI-sunAI bAtoM para, palakeM mUMdakara calanA svIkAra nahIM karatA hai. yaha merI samajha meM pragati kA pratIka hai. UIDATE Jain education memang magainelibrary.org
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~ : 103 kalAkAra kI kRti usake anubhava ke bala para hI hamAre netra kA sauMdaryAdhAra banatI hai. parama zraddheya zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja bhI apane anubhava ke bala para saMyama ke mahAmArga para agrasara hue the. unhoMne anubhava kI prayogazAlA meM apane Apako nirbhaya hokara praviSTa kara diyA thA. tapa karanA uttama hai. para kyoM uttama hai ? isakA anubhava to tapa karake hI kiyA jA sakatA hai. isIliye unhoMne nAnA prakAra ke tapa tape, bAlyakAla se hI unhoMne saMyamIya jIvana ke nAnA prayoga prArambha kara diye the. pratiphala yaha AyA ki ve eka viziSTa santa-ratna ke rUpa meM hama saba kI zraddhA ke AdhAra bane. unheM maiMne marubhUmi meM zAnti, kSamA, dhruvadhairya, kaSTasahiSNu aura karuNA ke sAkAra rUpa meM dekhA thA. jisa dina maiMne ina rUpoM meM unake darzana kiye the, tabhI se unake prati mere hadaya meM apAra zraddhA utpanna huI thI. jyoM-jyoM kAlakrama bar3hA merI zraddhA bhI varSamAna hotI gaI. Aja merI zraddhA ke usa AdhAra ko zraddhAMjali arpita karate hue manameM bAra-bAra eka prazna ubhara rahA hai-aba merI zraddhA kA nayA AdhAra kauna banegA ? muni zrIsaubhAgyamalajI mahArAja, mAlavakesarI Bing Shen Shen Ye Lai Jiu Dai Lai Shen Gang Lai Ke Lai Lai Lai Lai Lai Lai Lai Jie saumyasvabhAva santa jainadarzana ke vidvAn, lokapriya munirAja pUjya zrIhajArImalajI ke darzana kA saubhAgya mujhe bhI prApta huA thA. unake saumyasvabhAva kI chApa mere hadaya para Aja bhI gaharI aMkita hai. pichale varSa mahArAjazrI ke svargavAsa kI sUcanA sunakara mana ko gaharI vyathA kA anubhava huA. lekina socatA hU~-isa ananta-patha para eka na eka dina to sabhI ko sunizcita jAnA hai ! yahI socakara cupa ho rahatA hU~. unakA sampUrNa jIvana janahita aura mAnavatA ke naitika jAgaraNa meM bItA. mujhe vizvAsa hai ki mahArAjazrIkA 'smRtigraMtha' janasamudAya ke lie avazya hI lAbhaprada siddha hogA. isa zubha prayatna kI maiM hadaya se saphalatA cAhatA hU~. zrImUlacandrajI dezalaharA AcAra ke gaurIzaMkara muni zrIhajArImalajI kI smRti meM eka graMtha prakAzita karane ke Ayojana kA maiM hArdika abhinandana karatA hU~. santa janoM kA jIvana sArvajanika kalyANa ke lie samarpita hotA hai. ataH unake prati kRtajJatA prakaTa karanA samAja kA kartavya hai. unhoMne 11 varSa kI avasthA meM sAMsArika pralobhanoM kI ora se muMha mor3a kara tapazcaryA kA mArga aMgIkAra kiyA thA aura 64 varSa taka lagAtAra usI para agrasara hote gaye. apanI akhaNDa sAdhanA se unhoMne tyAga aura tapasyA kA jo U~cA Adarza prastuta kiyA vaha vAstava meM adbhuta hai. Aja hama saba bhautikatA kI sAdhanA meM lIna haiM aura pazcima kI havA ne hamAre mApadaNDa badalakara, aise banA diye hai ki jIvana kI saphalatA bhautika-upalabdhiyoM meM A~kane lage haiM. para saca yaha hai ki hama jisake pIche daur3a rahe haiM, vaha chAyA mAtra hai, usa meM sAra nahIM hai. munizrI ne batAyA ki vAstavika Ananda kI siddhi bhoga meM nahIM hai, tyAga meM hai aura vyakti kA jIvana kRtArtha taba banatA hai, jaba ki usake kadama uttarottara U~cAI kI ora bar3hate haiM. jo sAdhanA kI coTI para pahu~ca jAte haiM, ve jAnate haiM ki U~cAI kA kitanA nirAlA Ananda aura kitanA sukha hotA hai. munizrI ne isa marma kA upadeza kevala zabdoM meM nahIM diyA. AcaraNa se bhI usakA darzana karAyA. 08) ____Jain For Private & Personal
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________________ :Mi Zhou Zhou Yi Ban Ye Xiao Ding Ding Gong Hong Rong Duan Ye Di Cai Duan 104 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya jinakI kathanI aura karanI samAna ho, aise satpuruSa Aja ke yuga meM virala haiM. para jitane bhI haiM, yaha saMsAra unhIM para TikA hai. munizrI ke prati maiM apanI zraddhAMjali arpita karatA hU~ aura AzA karatA hU~ ki jina guNoM ke kAraNa hama unakA smaraNa aura abhinandana karate haiM, ve guNa jana-jana meM avazya phaileMge aura Aja kA saMtapta mAnava unase preraNA grahaNa kara sahI mUlyoM kI ora agrasara hogA. zrIyazapAlajI jaina merI zraddhA merA mana rAjasthAna ke pUjya zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja kA AdhyAtmika jIvana atyanta mahAn aura UMcA thA. ve hRdaya ke atyanta sarala aura vimala the. saMsAra meM saMtoM kI AdhyAtmika pUMjI hI manuSya ko sukha de sakatI hai. duHkha se trANa kara sakatI hai. munizrIjI AtmayogI aura paramajJAnI the. unake jJAna aura Atma-yoga para rAjasthAna kA adhikAMza zraddhAluvarga gaharI AsthA aura niSThA rakhatA thA. unase unhoMne jo pAyA vaha unake Atma-sukha kA parama kAraNa hai. Aja unake abhAva meM unakA zraddhAluvarga eka abhAva kI anubhUti kara rahA hai. pIr3A kA anubhava karatA hai. parantu duHkha jaisI kyA bAta hai? unakI virAsata ko apane jIvana meM naitika AcaraNa ke dvArA khUba utAreM, usakI surakSA kareM, yahI unake prati saccI zraddhAMjali hai. merA mana ! merI zraddhA, merA vizvAsa, aise santa caraNoM kA dAsa hai ! zrIjagannAthajI nAhara ve kyA the? karuNA ke asIma sAgara, zAnti ke nirbhaya pracAraka, adhyAtmavAda ke prabala prasAraka, ati sarala, satya ke teja puJja, chalakapaTa se anabhijJa, pravINa saMgaThanakartA, aDiga kartavyaparAyaNa, uccakoTi ke sAdagI priya, krodha se sahasroM kosa dUra syAbAda ke sacce anuyAyI, zAstra-jJAna ke nirabhimAnI paMDita aura the ve ahiMsA ke amara pujArI muni zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja. aise santa jana-jana vaMdya hote haiM. unako mere anekoM praNAma ! zrI milApacandra bhuraTa, bI. esa-sI0 e-jI0 - tuma kevala zraddhA ho! pUjya puruSa maMtrI zrIhajArImala jI ma0 bhI jIvana ke rAhabhUle pathikoM ko jIvana-darzana karAne vAle the. ve nirantara apane sAtvika vicAroM se unakA patha Alokita karate rahe-saMyamIya jIvana kI zurUAta se-Akhira taka. ve svabhAva ke sarala, mana ke nirmala, tana ke tapasvI aura zuddha santAcaraNa ke hAmI the. prANImAtra kA kalyANa unakA kAmya thA. maiMne usa punIta AtmA ke aneka bAra zubha darzana kiye the. jaba-jaba bhI unake darzana kiye taba-taba maiMne yahI anubhava kiyA thA. sampradAya vizeSa meM raha kara bhI unake vizAla hRdaya meM saMkIrNa vicAroM VOCARDCWCWCH AMARVASNA .9. 9 Jain Education OF PTIVate a Personar use only 1
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~: 105 kI daridratA nahIM thI. vyaktigata sAdhanA meM atyanta dRr3ha the, anya santoM ke prati kRpA aura sneha unakI A~khoM se aharniza barasatA rahatA thA. yahI kAraNa hai ki sAdhusamudAya unheM atyanta Adara aura zraddhA kI dRSTi se dekhatA thA. unake kRtitva-jagat aura vyaktitva-jagat ke aneka vaiziSTya the, maiM kuzala kalAvid nahIM ki una guNAkara ke guNa-puSpoM kI mAlA gUMtha sakU. unakA puNya smaraNa hRdaya-bhUmi meM kevala zraddhA aura AsthA hI aMkurita karatA hai. unakA tapa, tyAga aura sAdhanA itanI kaThora thI ki Aja merA mana yaha kahane ko vivaza ho rahA hai-gurudeva tuma kevala zraddhA ho. zrImagarUpacandajI bhaNDArI ***WERMERMANENERARH mere lie ve marudharA ke dharmaprANa AcArya zrIjayamalajI ma0 kI sampradAya ke pravartaka the. zramaNa saMgha kI akhaNDatA ke lie pravartaka pada kA parityAga kara zramaNavarga meM udAharaNa siddha hue. unake asAdhAraNa vyaktitva se prabhAvita hokara unheM zramaNa-saMgha ne mAravAr3a prAnta kA maMtrI pada pradAna kiyA. pUrNa uttaradAyitva pUrvaka unhoMne usako nibhAyA. sAdhakoM kA samucita mArgadarzana kiyA. ve AtmavidyA ke jJAnI sAdhaka the. paramayogI the. unakI yoga-sAdhanA kA pratyakSa rUpa unake darzana mAtra se pratibimbita hotA thA. maiMne unake darzana kiye-to ve mere lie zraddhA ke amara AdhAra bana gae. ve gae. mana ko asIma kaSTa hai, para merI zraddhA kA suhAga mara kara bhI ve amara kara gae. maiM zraddhA sahita usa guNI yogI puruSa muni zrIhajArImalajI ma0 ke prati nata hU~. pravartaka zrIzuklacandajI ma0 bhAvAMjali vIra, raNabhUmi meM lar3akara dezarakSA ke svAbhimAna kA sukha pAtA hai. vaha vIra yuddha meM kAma A gayA yaha jAnakara bhI usake parijana paritApa kA anubhava nahIM karate. usakI bahAdurI se preraNA hI lete haiM. santa bhI jIvana bhara yuddha karatA hai. santa mahAtmAoM kA yuddha rAma aura rAvaNa kA yuddha hai. kAma, krodha, lobha, mada, moha, matsara, chala Adi aneka burAiyA~ dazamukhI rAvaNa kI sUcaka haiM. prema, jagatvatsalatA, sadAcAra aura Izvarabhakti Adi rAmavRtti, bhagavAn rAma kI sUcaka haiM. isalie santa, jIvana paryanta rAma kA pratinidhitva karatA huA yuddha karatA rahatA hai. ataH santa parama yoddhA hai. dezarakSA ke liye lar3AI niyata samaya taka hI hotI hai. santavRtti meM burAiyoM se jIvanaparyanta lar3AI hotI rahatI hai. laukika lar3AI meM marane vAloM kA dukha nahIM manAyA jAtA. yaha saba isaliye ki usane yuddhabhUmi meM zatru ko pITha nahIM dikhAI. santa bhI burAiyoM se abhibhUta hokara AtmazatruoM ko pITha nahIM dikhAte. jainamuniyoM ke niyama anya sampradAyoM kI apekSA kaThora hote haiM. ata: jainamuni kI poSAka pahanakara AtmazatruoM se lar3AI lar3anA aura bhI kaThina hai. pravartaka muni zrIhajArImalajI ma0 se apane rAma-(nenUrAma) kI kabhI pratyakSa 'rAmA zyAmA' nahIM huI thI, parantu santoM kI rAmA zyAmA to prabhu bhakti meM hI hotI hai. jaina samAja ne unakI smRti ko kAyama rakhane kI dRSTi se 'smRtigrantha' kA Ayojana kiyA hai. yaha bahuta sundara kAma hai. santajIvana ke anurUpa hai. Jain Education Interation
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________________ 106 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya rAjasthAna ke usa jaina munirAja ko merI rAmajI ma0 ke smaraNapUrvaka bhAvAMjali samarpita hai. svAmI zrInenUrAmajI AyurvedAcArya #23823839844302RKARMA bhAvasamarpita zraddhAMjali bhAratIya saMskRti vyaktipUjA meM nahIM, guNapUjA meM vizvAsa karatI hai. viziSTa guNavAn vyakti hI vastutaH jana-jana ke mana meM viziSTa zraddhA kA kendra banatA hai. mAnava kI pUjA kauna kare, mAnavatA pUjI jAtI hai. sAdhaka kI pUjA kauna kare, sAdhakatA pUjI jAtI hai. zramaNa-saMgha ke mahAprANa santa, RSipradhAna bhArata kI mahAn sampatti, AdhyAtmika krAMti ke saMdezavAhaka, zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja eka aise hI anupama vyaktitva ke dhanI the. una mahAn santa ke puNyadarzana karane kA suavasara mujhe byAvara meM prApta huA thA. unake zubha darzana pAkara merA roma-roma pulakita ho uThA. unakI pIyUSa-varSiNI vANI zravaNa kara mere hRdaya meM amanda Ananda kI mandAkinI pravAhita hone lagI ! Aja ve bhautika rUpa meM hamAre sammukha nahIM rahe haiM parantu sadguNoM ke Adarza ke rUpa meM Aja bhI ve hamAre samakSa hI haiM. unake sarala va sarasa svabhAva se maiM atyadhika prabhAvita huI hU~. maiMne dekhA unake hRdaya meM anupama udAratA, bhAvoM meM gAmbhIrya aura vANI meM mAdhurya ! unakA jIvana AcAra-vicAra se maMjA huA va saMyama-sAja se sajA huA thA. tyAga, tapa aura kSamA unake pradhAna AbhUSaNa the. ve AdhyAtmika saundarya ke Aloka se Alokita the, pauruSa kI sAkSAt mUti the. unakI sarala prakRti aura bhavya AkRti dekha merA mana apane Apa bola uThA-isa mahAn santa ke aMdara eka mahAn AtmA nivAsa karatI hai. unake jIvana kI madhura suvAsa mere mana ke kaNa-kaNa ko Aja bhI suvAsita kara rahI hai. Aja ve hamAre carma-cakSuoM ke sAmane nahIM rahe kintu unake tapa aura tyAga kA ujjvala prakAza hamAre aMtazcakSuoM ke sAmane camaka rahA hai. maiM vizvAsa karatI hU~ ki unakI madhura smRti hameM yuga-yuga taka saMyamIya jIvana ke liye pAvana preraNA pradAna karatI rahegI. bhAryA zrI kauzalyAkumArIjI, jainasiddhAMtAcAryA bahuratnA marudharA do pahalU haiM ! eka dikhAvaTI ADambara aura kRtrimatA se ladApadA, dUsarA ADambarahIna aura vAstavikatA se otaprota. donoM meM bhinnatA hai. donoM ke AkarSaNa meM bhI paryApta antara hai. pahalA cAkacikyapUrNa hai. dUsare AkarSaNa meM sAtvikatA hai. vahAM cAkacikyatA jaisI cauMdhiyA dene vAlI koI kRtrimatA nahIM hai. svabhAvataH hI usa ora darzakoM kI AMkheM kama pahuMcatI haiM. kintu jo koI bhI use pA letA hai, sacamuca use apUrva sahajAnanda kA anubhava hotA hai. kyoMki vahA~ para vAstavikatA ke darzana hote haiN| svargIya svanAmadhanya parama zraddheya zrIhajArImalajI ma0 kA jIvana, nilipta va nirvivAda rUpa se dUsare ujjvala pahalU-sA thA. yaha bAta maiM aupacArika rUpa meM nahIM kaha rahA hU~ balki anubhava ke AdhAra para hI isakA prakaTIkaraNa hai. yoM to eka bAra unake darzana pahale bhI hue the. parantu use maiM eka jhalaka mAtra hI svIkAra karatA hU~. unase maiM pUrA-pUrA paricaya nahIM kara pAyA thA. punaH bhInAsara sammelana ke avasara para eka udyAna meM unake zubha darzana kA saubhAgya milA. use maiM unake antima darzana bhI kaha sakatA hU~. usake bAda dobArA unake darzana kA lAbha nahIM prApta kara pAyA. prathama darzana meM hI maMtrI zrIjI ke mRdula vyaktitva kI chApa jo mujha para par3I to sacamuca hRdaya aura mastaka donoM hI zraddhAvanata ho gaye. Saama Jain E wwwwwwaaaaaaaaaa cation landbrary.org
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~ : 107 unake niSkapaTa sarala va mamatApUrNa vyavahAra ne mere mana ko jIta liyA. maiMne sunA hai-- 'bahuratnA vasuMdharA' Aja unake prati zraddhAMjali arpita karate hue mana yoM kahane ko vivaza ho rahA hai-- 'bahuratnA marudharA' isa taraha marudharA ke ve eka ratna the. svargIya zrI hajArImalajI ma0 hamArI gauravamayI paramparA ke santa the. unake prati naye sire se kyA zraddhA vyakta karU~ ? merI zraddhA ke puSpa to unake pavitra caraNoM meM pahale se car3ha cuke the. unakA samujjvala 'maMgalamaya yaza' smRtigraMtha se bhI jyAdA vyApaka va sthAyI hai. phira bhI unake suyogya ziSyaratna zrImadhukarajI mahArAja dvArA zraddhAsvarUpa smRtigraMtha saMbandhI jo upakrama kiyA jA rahA hai, usake prati bhI merI hArdika zubha kAmanA va zubha bhAvanA hai. prAMtamaMtrI zrI ambAlAlajI mahArAja seyaMvaro vA saMvaro vA buddho vA taha va anno vA ! samabhAvabhAvippA samuna 11 sAdhaka zvetAmbara ho yA digambara bauddha ho yA vaiSNavAdi jAti aura varga kA prazna nahIM hai-- hindU, yavana, sikha, pArasI, IsAI, brAhmaNa athavA kSatriya, vaizya va zUdra, kisI bhI dharma kA anuyAyI kyoM na ho, jisameM samabhAva kI sAdhanA kA yoga cala rahA hai - vaha avazya hI mokSa ko prApta hogA. samabhAvayogI santa samabhAva sarva siddhi kA kendra hai. samabhAva se jAtigata, dharmagata, vargagata, sampradAyagata aura rASTragata, sabhI prakAra ke saMgharSa aura dvaMdva samApta ho sakate haiM. merI nizcita dhAraNA hai ki isa se vizva zAnti kA sAmrAjya sthApita ho sakatA hai. merI yaha zubhAzA hai ki sabhI varga ke loga samabhAva sAdhanA ke dvArA jIvana kA parama kAmya prApta kareM. smRtigrantha ke nAyaka, samabhAva va yoga-sAdhanA ke bala para hI jIvana meM zreSThatA prApta kara jana-jana vaMdya bane the. mere zraddhA ke netroM meM ve mujhe samabhAva yogI hI dIkha rahe haiM. zivamastu sarvajagataH ! ghAyAyaM zrIvijayasamudrasUrijI mahArAja marudharA kI eka mahAn vibhUti bhAratIya janatA RSiyoM, maharSiyoM, santoM, sAdhuoM kA sammAna sadaiva karatI AI hai kyoMki sAdhaka kA jIvana mahAn, pavitra, zItala, zama, dama evaM upazama bhAva se paripUrNa hotA hai. ve apane sahaja sAtvika guNoM se ajJAnI jIvoM ko mArga - darzana karAte rahate haiM. AryAvarta ke itihAsa ko inhIM nava ratnoM para vizvAsa hai aura inhIM para garva hai. aisI mahAna vibhUtiyoM dvArA hI AryasaMskRti ko poSaNa milA aura mila rahA hai. satya to yaha hai ki bhAratIya saMskRti, dharma aura darzana kA itihAsa santoM kA hI itihAsa hai. unhIM kI isa sAtvika dena ke kAraNa bhAratavarSa kA sthAna vizva meM advitIya mAnA jAtA hai. Aja jisa mahApuruSa ko zraddhAMjali arpaNa karane kI bhAvanA ho rahI hai, ve aise hI uccakoTi ke santa the, jinhoMne "madhukara" mizrI jaise ko samAja ke lie upahAra diyA hai. sthAnakavAsI samAja kA itihAsa aise eka do nahIM, saiMkar3oM santoM ke stutya jIvana aura jJAna kI alaukika prabhA se bharA par3A hai. unhIM mahApuruSoM meM se munirAja zrI hajArImalajI mahArAja the. unhoMne zramaNasaMgha ke maMtrI pada kA uttaradAyitva bar3I khUbI se nibhAyA. "manasyekaM vacasyekaM karmaNyekaM mahAtmanAm" yaha Adarza unakA jIvanavyavahAra bana gayA thA. Jain Education international ******************** wwww.jainendrary.org
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________________ 108 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya XAMMAMAKRAMERARAN isase unakA jIvana atizaya bhavya aura divya thA. una puNyazloka zAnta bhadrapariNAmI mantrI muni zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja ke caraNoM meM apanI zraddhAMjali samarpita kara dhanyatA kA anubhava karatI hU~. zrIsumatikuMvarajI AryA mere zraddhAprasUna yaha sahI hai ki sva0 mahArAjazrI kA kAryakSetra adhikatara rAjasthAna hI rahA parantu isase unake cAritrya meM, saMgaThana aura anuzAsana kI anubhUti adhika prakhara ho uThI, aura ullekhanIya yaha hai ki zramaNa-saMgaThana kI AvazyakatA aura anuzAsana kI kaThoratA ke pakke himAyatI hone ke bAvajUda bhI, ve atyanta saMvedanazIla aura bhAvanApradhAna the. mer3atA meM pichale darzana, mere liye antima hI siddha hue. Aja smRti TaTolatA hU~ to lagatA hai-mer3atA meM ve kitane bhAva-pravaNa aura zrAvakoM ke anurAga se abhibhUta the. zrIsvAmIjI kI sAhityaruci aura jaina AgamoM ke prati ekAnta-niSThA kevala aupacArika na thI, ve cAhate the ki jaina sAhitya kA adhikAdhika pracAra aura prasAra ho aura gUr3ha tathA aprApya granthoM ko pUre vizleSaNa aura anusaMdhAna kA avasara mile. AzA hai hamArA samAja unakI ina bhAvanAoM ko kriyAtmaka rUpa dene meM pIche na rahegA. sva0 mahArAjazrI ke suyogya aMtevAsI paM0 ra0 muni zrImizrImalajI mahArAja 'madhukara' meM hama munivara ke sAre guNa pA rahe haiM aura svAbhAvika hI isakA zreya antataH sva. zrI 1008 zrIhajArImalajI ma. ko hai. aura unakI puNyasmRti meM isase acchI zraddhAMjali aura kyA hogI yadi hama sabhI unhIM ke batAye mArga para kevala kahane aura bolane ke bajAya-sacamuca meM calanA zurU kara deM. zrIjavAharalAlajI muNota zraddhAMjali pUjya munirAja zrIhajArImalajI ma. ke preraka upadeza kA hI suphala hai ki maiM sArvajanika sevA ke kSetra meM praveza pA sakA. unake upadezoM ne mere hRdaya meM janasevA ke bhAvoM ke aMkura utpanna kiye. sthAnIya jaina samAja meM gati lAne ke liye zrAvakasaMgha kI sthApanA karavAI. sevaka ke nAte usameM merA bhI ullekha huA. unakA saM0 2006 kA varSAvAsa vijayanagara meM thA. merA vaha varSa unake adhika samparka meM Ane kA thA. usane mere jIvana ko eka naI dizA dI. unako aneka bAra aneka prasaMgoM para maiMne dekhA ki ve dayA aura karuNA kI sAkAra pratimA haiM. zrIkanhaiyAlAlajI bhaTevaDA, vijayanagara arpita hai zraddhA merI manuSya kA jIvana adhruva aura azAzvata hai. vaha jisa kSaNa janma letA hai usI kSaNa mRtyu kI ora yAtrA prArambha ho jAtI hai. janma aura mRtyu eka mudrA ke do pahalU haiM. yaha saba hote hue bhI eka alaukika jyoti mAnava ke sammukha hai. mRtyu zarIra ko hAni pahu~cAtI hai. AtmA isa khatare se mukta hai. janma maraNa ke vivarta se santa bhI vyatIta hotA hai. parantu vaha apane Adarza, tyAga, tapomaya jIvana ke kAraNa mara kara bhI amara hai. svargIya zAstrasthavira zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja hamAre sammukha nahIM haiM kintu unake Adarza aura kArya hamAre lie preraNA
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~: 106 kA AdhAra hai. "yaza se nahIM vyakti karma se amara rahatA hai" isa kathana ke dhruvAdhAra para kaha sakatI hU~, ve amara haiM aura amara hI raheMge. sAdhvI zrIyazakuMvarajI WWWWINNERIKMEREKKRMEMEMENTRENEW samarpita haiM zraddhA-sumana mere isa dharAdhAma para jaba bhAskaradeva avatarita hote haiM to prakRtizrI muskurA uThatI hai. campA kI salaunI TahanI para jaba sumana likhate haiM to samana vAtAvaraNa suvAsita ho uThatA hai. AkAza meM bAdaloM kI jaba bArAta sajatI hai to kAle kajarAre megha nRtya karane lagate haiM, garjanA karate haiM. to manamaujI mayUra bhI nRtya karane lagate haiM. vasaMta ke zubhAgamana para AmramaMjarI laharAne lagatI hai. kokilA svayameva hI paMcama svara meM madhura rAga AlApane lagatI hai. rajanI ke pritatama nabhanaMDala meM udita hote haiM to andhakAra vilupta ho jAtA hai. isI prakAra jaba koI asAdhAraNa, divya bhavya vibhUti kA avanItala para avataraNa hotA hai to parivAra, samAja, rASTra aura yahA~ taka ki samagra vizva bhI praphullita ho uThatA hai. parama zraddheya sva0 pUjya gurudeva zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja bhI eka aise pratibhAsampanna vibhUti the. ve sacamuca hajAroM meM se eka the. unameM caritraniSThA, vratoM kI dRDhatA, mAnasa kI komalatA, bhAvoM kI bhavyatA aura sAtha hI unake jIvanavyavahAra ko pratyeka kriyA meM ArdratA bhI thI. unake sadguNoM se paripUrNa jIvana ke liye to mere mukha se kavi kI ye paMktiyAM baravaza hI prasphuTita hotI haiM adharaM madhuraM, vadanaM madhuraM, nayanaM madhuraM, hasitaM madhuraM, hRdayaM madhuraM, gamanaM madhuraM, madhurAdhipaterakhilaM madhuram ! vacanaM madhuraM, caritaM madhuraM, vasanaM madhuraM, balitaM madhuraM, calitaM madhuraM, bhramitaM madhuraM, madhurAdhipaterakhilaM madhuram !! ThIka isI prakAra svAmIjI ma0 kA saba kucha madhura thA. 'adharaM madhuraM' unake hoTha madhura the. kyoMki satya vacanoM kA uccAraNa karane ke liye hI ve khulate the. 'vadanaM madhuraM' unakA sArA zarIra hI madhuratA se otaprota thA. unakA ceharA itanA madhura aura rasika thA ki dekhane vAle ko AtmatRpti kI anubhUti hotI thI. itanA adbhuta sauMdarya unameM laharAtA thA. 'nayanaM madhuraM' unake netrakamaloM se karuNAvarSA satata huA karatI thI. kamala-se kalAtmaka nayanoM meM ajJeya gaharAI thI. unakI vizAla palakeM paradukha se jaba bojhila bana jAtI to nayanoM se karuNA-bindu Tapaka par3ate. 'hasitaM madhuraM' apanI sAdhanA meM, AtmajJAna meM AtmaramaNatA meM aharniza muskurAhaTa aThakheliyA~ karatI thIM. 'hRdayaM madhuraM' unakA hRdaya navanItasA sukomala aura zarkarA-sA madhura thA. unake hRdaya meM karuNA maitrI aura dayA ke bhAva parivyApta the. isIliye ve saralatA ke saMgama the. 'gamanaM madhuraM' patitoM ke uddhAra ke liye hI ve gamana karate the. IryAsamiti ke pUrNarUpeNa pAlana para unakA atyadhika dhyAna thA. 'madhurAdhipaterakhilaM madhuraM' isa prakAra una madhurAdhipati kA saba kucha madhumaya thA. phira 'vacanamadhuraM' unake vacanoM meM cAturya, mAdhurya, audArya, viveka aura sAtha hI sAtha divya evaM bhavya jIvanasatya thA. unake cetanAmaya vacana murbhAye hue mAnava-phUloM ko navacetana evaM navasphuraNa pradAna karate the. dukha-duvidhA se jinakA jIvana patra rahita vRkSa-sA bana gayA ho use ve apane ArdratApUrNa vacanarUpI varSA se punaH pallavita kara dete the. unakI vANI meM eka alaukika prakAra kA jAdU thA jo sunane vAle ke samagra jIvana ko Alokita kara detA thA. unakI vANI ke pIche vilAsa nahIM vicAra thA. vicAroM ke pIche hRdaya kI zUnyatA nahIM magara bhAvabhInI bhAvanA thI. vANI meM jindagI ke anupama lAlitya ke darzana hote the. unhoMne vaktRtvakalA kI mahAn sAdhanA nahIM kI thI kintu unake sahaja jIvana se hI vaha nirmita huI thI. 'caritaM madhuraM' unakA samyakcAritra sacamuca mahAn aura madhura thA. ve apane caritra kI camaka lie jahA~ bhI jAte the vahA~ apanI AtmasuvAsa se sAre vAtAvaraNa ko saurabhAnvita kara dete the. 'vasanaM madhuraM'-unakA vasanA bhI madhura thA. jaba AtmajJAnadhArI ve saMta apanI AtmamastI meM baiThate to aisA lagatA mAno bhavya vibhUti prabhu se sAkSAtkAra kara rahI ho. sudRr3ha susthira, susamAdhimaya baiThane kA unakA apanA nirAlA tarIkA thA. unake vasana arthAt Sad Jain adies jaimentary.org
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________________ 110 : muni zrIhajArImalajI smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya vastra bhI madhura arthAt zveta the jo nirmalatA aura pavitratA ke pratIka the. 'balitaM madhuraM' unakA Atmabala asAdhAraNa thA. isaliye bhaktoM ke liye vaha bhI madhura thA. ve apane Atmabala kA upayoga adhika se adhika sAdhanAtmaka jIvana ko sudRr3ha banAne meM karate the. samarAMgaNa meM hajAroM zatruoM kA saMhAra karane vAle hajAroM mileMge magara SaDripuoM para vijaya prApta karane vAle hajAroM meM se eka hI [hajArImala jI ma.] the. isase unakA bala bhI madhura thA. 'calitaM madhuraM' haMsa kI dhImI gati se ve saMyama ke mArga meM paryaTana kiyA karate the. santoM kA vihAra bhavya jIvoM ke kalyANArtha hI hotA hai. apanI maryAdAnusAra calate hue jo janakalyANa karate the. 'bhramitaM madhuraM' unakA sAdA-sA, bhramaNa karanA bhI bar3A madhura lagatA thA. jisa samaya ve bhramaNa karate to aisI anubhUti hotI mAno mAnava mAtra ke abhyutthAna kA cintana karate huye eka sajaga praharI, AtmamastI evaM madhura mAnasa liye bhramaNa kara rahA hai. 'madhurAdhipaterakhilaM madhura' unakA samagra jIvanavyavahAra madhuratAse ota-prota thA. unameM bAlaka-sI nizchalatA, karmaTha yuvaka-sI kAryadRDhatA, prauDha-sI gaMbhIratA aura vRddha-sI anubhavagarimA thI. sAdhUcita guNoM se aura apane tapa tyAga vairAgyamUlaka vyaktitva se ve baravasa hI mana moha lete the. unake tapaHpUta zarIra para saMyamIya saundarya thA. cehare para niHsIma zAnti thI, vAtsalya aura madhuratA thI. pada unheM bhArarUpa lagate the. anAvazyaka dhUmadhAma unheM bakher3A lagatI thI. unake jIvana meM nispRhatA kA sAgara laharAtA thA. mAnavatA kI lahareM uThatI thI. ve sAdhutA ke sunaharI raMgamahala meM nivAsa karate the. khuzAmadiyoM ke mIThe vacana unheM DigA nahIM sakate the. ve apane saMyamIya jIvana ke prati pUrNa baphAdAra the. unhoMne apanI saphala sAdhanA se jo ujjvala jyoti apane jIvana meM jagAI vaha jaina samAja ke liye gaurava kA viSaya hai. isa prasaMga meM eka padya smRtistha ho AyA hai dUra na koI ho kabhI, vaha upAya hai kauna ? yahI prazna hai vizva meM, yahA~ vizva hai mauna ! anta meM maiM apane zraddhAsumana una mahAn AtmA ko samarpita karatI hU~. kumArI zrIkumudinI muthA kaise karU arpita tumheM zraddhA-sumana mere ? bar3A hone kA nATaka bhI kiyA jAtA hai. kucha vyakti aise hote haiM ki unakA ahaMkAra dayA aura karuNA ko bhI kucala detA hai kintu parama zraddheya zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja aise nahIM the. unhoMne bar3appana kA kabhI abhimAna nahIM kiyA. unake jIvana meM jo kucha thA vaha sahaja thA. vahA~ dikhAve aura pradarzana ke lie kucha na thA. karuNA aura dayA unake jIvana meM pUrNataH sAkAra huI thI. kisI ko kaSTa yA pIr3A se ghirA huA dekhate to unakA hRdaya pighala jAtA thA. maiMne jIvana ke kucha kSaNa unake sAnnidhya meM vyatIta kiye haiM. anekoM bAra padayAtrA karate hue aise prasaMga Ae haiM jaba abhAvagrasita, bhAgya ke ThukarAe hue manuSya, jIvana se nirAza hokara apanA jIvanAMta karane kI malina buddhi se prerita hokara idhara-udhara bhaTakate-mile haiM. munizrI aise vyakti ko tatkAla pahacAna liyA karate the aura vArtA dvArA usakI marmapIr3A ko TU kara sArA rAja khulavA liyA karate the. use jIvana jIne kI kalA sikhAte. unake jIvana ke aneka prasaMga aise haiM jo mujhe pramAda aura Alasya ke kSaNoM meM preraNA to pradAna karate hI haiM, jIvana ko samujjvala banAne kA pATha bhI par3hAte haiM. unakA vyavahAra pratyeka manuSya ke sAtha, cAhe vaha choTA ho yA bar3A-samAna rahatA thA. ataH yuvA, vRddha, bAla sabhI unake darzana kara apUrva AnandAnubhava karate the. unake vimala mana meM choTe-bar3e kA bheda thA hI nahIM. sAtha vAle muniyoM kA, munivyavasthAnusAra jo kArya unake karane kA hotA thA, use ve svayaM kara liyA karate the. eka bAra hama yAtrA kara rahe the. kucha muni unase Age-Age cala rahe the. ve vRddha the. ata: unakA pIche aura dhIre-dhIre calanA svAbhAvika hI thA. eka muni apanA pustakoM kA thailA eka sthAna para rakha vizrAma karane ke lie rukakara calane wwvonrainelibrary.org
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~: 111 lage to thailA bhUla gae. unhoMne Age cale muniyoM ko thailA uThAne ko nahIM bulAyA aura svayaM hI apane skaMdha para dhAraNa kara liyA. do-tIna mAila ke karIba Age calane para unheM apanA thailA yAda AyA. pIche lauTane lage to unhoMne kahA"tumhArA thailA mere pAsa hai, cale calo." bAta sAdhAraNa-sI lagatI hai parantu isa ghaTanA ne kAphI prabhAvita kiyA. yaha ghaTanA yAda AtI hai to unake prati zraddhA, sneha aura bhakti umar3a AtI hai. ve munisaMgha ke niyaMtA the. cAhate to kisI bhI muni ko kaha sakate the. unake kahe se kauna mukara sakatA thA ? kintu unhoMne vaisA na kara svayaM hI thaile kA bhAra vahana kara liyA. usa samaya maiMne anubhava kiyA zraddhaya guruvara kitane udAra, snehazIla aura karuNA se otaprota haiM ! muni zrImizrImalajI 'mumukSu' HER389939889EE38383838388906 karuNAmUrti mahAmanA muni zrIhajArImalajI ! saMta bhAratIya saMskRti ke prANa haiN| usa divya puruSa ne rAjasthAna ke rajakaNoM ko pAvana karate hue isa satya ko sAkSAt kara dikhAyA thA. unakA hRdaya kisalaya-sA komala thA. sAre vRkSa meM anubhUtizIla yA kavi-hRdayoM ko apanI ora khIMcatI haiM to vaha vRkSa kI komala paMkhuriyA~. santamanA muni zrIhajArImalajI ma. meM sarvAdhika AkarSaNa kA koI kendrasthala thA to vaha unakA pIr3itoM ke prati arpita karuNAzIla mana ! unake jIvana ko maiMne par3hA to mana zraddhAvanata ho gayA. unake jIvana se mujhe yaha anubhava huA ki ve tana aura mana donoM se santa the. isaliye yaha kahane meM mujhe prasannatA hai ki santa bhAratIya saMskRti ke prANa haiM. aura ve una prANoM meM se eka the. ve colA badala kara sAdhu kahalAne vAloM meM se nahIM the. ve mana se bhI pUrNa sAdhu the. Aja merA mana unake prati bhAvAMjali arpita karate hue hRdaya ke isa bhAva ko prakaTa karane ke lie vivaza hai ki ve santamanA hI nahIM mahAmanA bhI the. usa mahAmanA ke prati merI zraddhA, unake divyaloka taka pahu~ce aura ve mujha akiMcana ke bhAvoM ko pahacAna sakeM. Aja maiM yahI socakara yahIM para ruka rahA hU~ ki unako zraddhArpaNa karane ke adhikArI hama tabhI haiM jaba svayaM bhI pramAda taja unake caraNa-cihnoM para caleM. aMta meM yahI bhAva ubhara kara A rahA hai ki kaise karU~ arpita zraddhA-sumana tumheM mere ? muni zrInandISeNavijayajI 'vizvabandhu' cAritrika UrjA ke dhanI maiMne pUjya svAmIjI mahArAja ke darzana, apanI vAsaMtI vaya meM kiye. hRdaya meM eka parama puruSa kA citra aMkita huA ! maiMne vIrapathika banakara dobArA darzana kiye ! pitA kA-sA vAtsalya aura prema milA. mere andara ke buddhivAdI muni ne unake sneha kRpA aura vAtsalya ko parakhA. parakhate-parakhate hI merA antara mAnasa jhuka gayA-unake caraNoM meM. maiM unheM sAdhanA kA preraka setu mAnane lagA. lokaiSaNAoM ke jhaMjhAvAtoM se baca nikalane vAlA unakA preraka sandeza tUphAna meM phaMsI naukA kA saMbala hai-"bar3e banane kA pradarzana mata karo ! anyathA asammAna, ghRNA aura AlocanA kI tIkhI loha-kIleM tumhAre hRdaya ko cheda deMgI. bar3A Jain Education international
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________________ Di Kao Shen Zhi Ye Ye Dai Kao Zhu Ning Ju Qi Qi Jiu Chang Chang Dai Zi 112 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya bana jAne ke upakrama se yA bar3appana ko mauna bhAva se svIkAra karane se tumhArA mana hI tumheM kacoTane lagegA. usa samaya tuma santoM kI sevA na kara sakoge." jIvana ke tIsare mor3a para khar3e hokara die unake sandeza ko maiMne apane dUsare mor3a para sunA. Aja vahI sandeza mere jIvana kA svarNima aura priya pRSTha banatA jA rahA hai. jIvana ke mahAnAdarza kA dizAnirdeza karanevAle parama pUjya cAritrika UrjA ke dhanI munirAja zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja ko mere agaNita zraddhAbhivAdana ! abhinandana !! abhinamana !!! zrIazoka muni ve mahAn the, mahAn hI rahe manuSya mAtra meM mahAn banane kI AkAMkSA svAbhAdhika hotI hai. kintu saphalatA prApta karane vAle virala hI hote haiM. zramaNa saMgha ke mahAsthavira maMtrI zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja, mahAn the aura mahAn hI bane rahe. aMta taka unakI mahAnatA nadI se samudra, paramANu se mahAskandha banatA hai vaise hI vikasita aura pallavita huI thI. munizrI usa samaya apane svargIya pUjya gurudeva zrIjorAvaramalajI mahArAja kI caraNasevA meM tanmayatApUrvaka saMlagna the. javAnI Akara unake jIvana dvAra para dastaka de rahI thI. isa alhar3a mAdaka avasthA meM AtmasAdhanA kitanI duSkara hotI hai, ise kaThora sAdhanA karane vAlA sAdhaka hI jAna sakatA hai. usa sAdhanA meM kitanA Ananda AtA hai, yaha bhI sAdhaka ke anubhava kI hI vastu hai. vaha mere zaizavakAla kA samaya thA-- jaba maiMne usa puNya AtmA ke sarvaprathama darzana kiye the. harasolAba va rajalAnI meM mujhe unake prathama darzana hue the. isake bAda dobArA byAvara, jodhapura, kucerA tathA aMta meM bhInAsara ke munisammelana meM. usa samaya ke pAvana saMsmaraNa Aja bhI hRdayapaTala para sacitra aMkita haiM, jinakI smRtiyA~ yadA-kadA huA karatI haiM. ve zAnta sarala aura niSkapaTa santa the. kalaha aura kadAgraha kI vRtti se sadA dUra hI rahate rahe. Aja ve bhautika zarIra se adRzya hogae haiM kintu unake guNa, unakI guNa-garimA kI mahaka khile puSpa kI taraha hI mahaka rahI hai. vaha sAdhakoM ke hRdaya meM sadA sthAna pAtI hI rahegI. 'muni zrIhajArImala smRtigraMtha prakAzana samiti' ne unake jIvana ko vyavasthita rUpa se likhakara prakAzita karane kA tathA AcArya zrIjayamalajI mahArAja evaM paravartI santoM evaM kaviyoM Adi ke kAryoM ko prakAza meM lAne kA jo zubha saMkalpa kiyA, ni:saMdeha vaha mahAna kArya hogA. isase itihAsajJoM ke lie mahattvapUrNa sAmagrI kI upalabdhi hogI. muni zrIlacanIcandrajI ma. merI zraddhA, merI AsthA mahApuruSoM kA yazazarIra AcandrArka saMjIvita rahatA hai. unakA yaha rUpa ratnatraya ko AtmasAta karane para hI sthAyitva pAtA hai. ataH mahApuruSoM kA jIvana, aMdhakArapUrNa patha meM prakAzastambha kA kArya karatA hai. mahAn puruSoM kI paramparA meM se hI prAtaHsmaraNIya marudharAmaMtrI sarala svabhAvI, udAracetA, zrIhajArImalajI ma. bhI the. unake aneka jIvanaprasaMga samaya-samaya para hRdaya meM ubharate rahate haiM. unakA pitRvat sneha smaraNa AtA hai to hRdaya gadgada ho jAtA hai. S Jain Sarorary.org
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~ : 113 unakA tyAgatapamaya jIvana, Aja ke sAdhu samAja ke sammukha eka pAvana Adarza upasthita kara rahA hai. pUjya svAmIjI ma. kA yaha madhura vAkya 'jIvana kI isa sUnI velA meM bAra-bAra smaraNa AtA rahatA hai-"zrIjamanAjI vRddhA haiM, mujhe bAra-bAra yahI khyAla AtA hai ki inake bAda tuma do hI raha jAogI." huA bhI aisA hI. svAmIjI ma0 ke 14 mAha ke bAda hI ve bhI svargalokavAsinI ho gaIM. zrI svAmIjI ma0 kI kaThora saMyama-sAdhanA kA sabase bar3A pramANa yahI hai ki zArIrika dRSTi se atyaMta vRddha hote hue bhI unhoMne sthiravAsa svIkAra nahIM kiyA thA. apanA Avazyaka kArya ve-ziSya barAbara sevA meM prastuta rahate hue bhI, svayaM karate the. merA adhyayana aura jIvananirmANa unhIM kI zubha preraNA kA suphala hai. Aja unake prati zraddhAMjali arpita karate hue prabhu se yahI prArthanA hai ki hameM bhI unhIM ke patha para calate rahane kI preraNA milatI rahe aura AtmakalyANa kI AsthA acala banI rahe. sAdhvI zrIcampAkuMvarajI REMMMMMMMMMMARRINA zraddhA-AMjurI rAjasthAna ke gAMvoM aura nagaroM meM ghUmate hue pUjyAtmA muni zrIhajArImalajI ma0 ke darzana kA mujhe aneka bAra avasara prApta huA. unheM maiMne nikaTa se dekhA. unakI mujha para bar3I kRpA thI. unake ziSyoM se bhI merA nikaTa kA samparka rahA hai. usa mahAmanA muni kI sarala aura komala bhAvanA ne mere antasa ko Alokita aura prabhAvita kiyA hai. mujhe jaba-jaba jaina muniyoM se milane kA prasaMga AtA hai taba-taba eka Adarza muni ke rUpa meM unakI puNya-smRti Aye binA nahIM rahatI. Aja merI ubharatI zraddhA unako smaraNa karake hRdaya meM samAhita ho rahI hai. ve jahA~ bhI hoM, mere sneha ko svIkAra kareM, yahI merI unake prati zraddhA-AMjurI hai. santa svAmI rAmadAsajI zAstrI, rAmadvArA samadar3I zraddhAsamarpaNa mere pUjya pitAjI ke sAtha mujhe bahuta samaya taka pUjya zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja ke darzana karane kA saubhAgya prApta huA thA. unake satoguNI svabhAva aura sarala hRdaya se maiM bahuta prabhAvita huA hU~. mere mAnasa meM unake prati pragADha zraddhA rahI hai. aise santoM kA AdhAra pA kara hI dhArmika vyakti isa saMsAra meM asaMtoSa kI anubhUti karate rahe haiM. aise mahAna santa ke liye merI zraddhA sadA ke liye samarpita hai. zrIgopAlamalajI mahatA, jilA evam saba nyAyAdhIza, ajamera zraddhAnvita hU~ vayovRddha zraddheya zrIhajArImalajI ma. sA0 atyanta saralasvabhAva tathA kriyAvAna saMta the. Apane lambe samaya taka saMyama kA pAlana karate hue bahuta se kSetroM ko pAvana kiyA. una mahApuruSa ke jIvana se hameM bahuta-sI zikSAe~ lenI haiM. maiM una mahApuruSa ke saMyamamaya jIvana ke prati zraddhAnvita hU~. zrIsaradAramalajI kAMkariyA STRA Jain EU CADrary.org
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________________ 114: muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : prathama adhyAya hRdayaMgama hoM unakI zikSAe~ pUjya gurudeva zrIhajArImalajI ma0, dayA, kSamA, vinaya, karmaThatA, sAhasa, sphUrti, dUradarzitA, viveka, nirbhIkatA, vinodapriyatA, bhAvukatA aura aise hI na jAne kitane guNoM ke bhaNDAra the. ve vANI meM madhurimA, saMyamamArga meM ekaniSThA, divyajJAna evaM pAMDitya kA vaibhava lekara saMyamapatha para agrasara hue the. unakA yahI rUpa mujhe unameM prArambha se aMta taka dikhAI detA rahA. samaya-samaya para mujhe darzana karane kA suavasara milA thA. ve zramaNasaMgha meM maMtrI pada para vibhUSita the saMgha kI pragati ke lie unhoMne avizrAnta parizrama, lagana aura tyAga ke sAtha kAma kiyA. gurudeva ke caraNoM meM zraddhA pUrvaka zata-zata vandana karake pratijJAbaddha hotA hU~ ki unakI amRta tulya zikSAe~ jIvana meM utA zrI pArasamala bAphanA satsaMga ke durlabha kSaNa svAmI zrIhajArImalajI ma0 ke satsaMga ke liye unake satsaMga meM vyatIta huye kSaNa, mastiSka meM svAmIjI ma0 saralatA, sahRdayatA, sAdhutA kI sajIva mUrti the. Apake prabhAvaka vyaktitva se sahasroM vyakti lAbhAnvita hue haiM tathA Apake jIvana se apUrva preraNA grahaNa kara bahuta se sAdhaka satyapatha para Age bar3he haiM. munizrI ke milana kI madhura smRtiyAM avismaraNIya haiM. zrIkanhaiyAlAla loDhA, kekar3I usa puNya-puruSa ke prati bhAratIya saMskRti jIvana ke bAhya aura Antarika, donoM pakSoM kA sAmaMjasya sAdhatI hai. isa saMskRti kI yaha eka ullekhanIya aura abhinandanIya viziSTatA hai. jIvana ke donoM pakSa yathArtha haiM aura unameM se kisI eka kI upekSA karake dUsare para hI bala denA jIvana kI samagratA ko asvIkAra karanA hai. yaha asvIkRti vaiyaktika hI nahIM sAmAjika jIvana ke lie bhI ghAtaka siddha hotI hai. isI kAraNa bhArata kI saMskRti meM jIvana kI samagratA para pUrA-pUrA lakSya diyA gayA hai. bhAratavarSa kI saMskRti cira-purAtana hai. usake udgama kA patA lagAne ke lie koI sAdhana Aja upalabdha nahIM hai. aisA hone para bhI usakI dhArA satata parivartanazIla rahI hai. usake nirmANa, saMzodhana aura parivardhana meM bhAratIya santoM kA pramukha hAtha rahA hai. vAstava meM hamArI saMskRti meM jo divyatA, bhavyatA aMtarmukhatA aura pUrNatA ke tattva haiM, ve prAyaH santoM kI hI dena haiM. una santoM ne bhoga-vilAsamaya jIvana se Upara uThakara tyAgamaya jIvana aMgIkAra kiyA, jana kolAhala se dUra rahakara ekAnta vanavAsa aMgIkAra karake jIvana ke gahana rahasyamaya tathyoM kA cintana, manana aura nididhyAsana kiyA aura taba apane anubhavoM ko prakAzita kiyA. unakI isa tapazcaryA ke pariNAmasvarUpa hI hamArI saMskRti meM AdhyAtmikatA kA amRta pravAhita hai upalabdha jIvana ke apane kSaNoM ko maiM parama pavitra mAnatA hU~. Aja bhI Ate haiM to AhlAda kI anubhUti hotI hai. bhAratavarSa bhautika vidyAoM meM bhale kaI dezoM se pIche ho, magara adhyAtmavidyA meM vaha sadaiva saba se Age rahA hai aura apane isa vaiziSTya ke lie Aja bhI gaurava kA anubhava kara sakatA hai. www orola to lot of Jain Education Inmanaly For Stolo i olot Bonalise only alolololololol ww
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~: 111 muni zrIhajArImala jI mahArAja unhIM adhyAtmaniSTha santoM kI paramparA meM eka the. unake hRdaya meM navanIta kI mRdutA, vacanoM meM sudhA kA mAdhurya, netroM meM pavitratama sAttvika tez2a aura vyavahAra meM santajanocita sahRdayatA thI. sATha varSoM se bhI adhika samaya taka ve vaiyaktika aura sAmAjika jIvana ke utthAna meM saMlagna rahe. janatA ko apane jIvanavyavahAra se aura vANI dvArA bhI zreyas kA patha pradarzita karate rahe aura svargavAsI ho jAne ke pazcAt bhI apane madhura evaM preraNAprada saMsmaraNa chor3a gae. isa puNya-puruSa ke prati zraddhAMjali arpita karake maiM apane Apako gauravazAlI mAnatA hU~. zrIharibhAU upAdhyAya, zikSAmaMtrI rAjasthAna, jayapura 8222882382323920022 mahAmuni : eka zraddhAMjali santoM kA jIvana Adarza aura pavitra hotA hai. unake darzana aura sevA mAnava ko zubhAcaraNa kI preraNA dete haiM. santa kA pratyakSa jIvana jitanA pAvana hotA hai unakA smaraNa bhI utanA hI pAvana hotA hai. tapodhana muni zrIhajArImalajI ma0 ke pratyakSIkaraNa kA mujhe aneka bAra saubhAgya prApta huA hai. unase dUra rahakara maiM jitanA unake jIvana se prabhAvita huA, nikaTa jAne para merI zraddhA aura bhI balavatI hotI gaI. Aja ve nahIM haiM. unake tapa-tyAgamaya jIvana kA pratibimba unake ziSyoM meM pAkara maiM hArdika prasannatA anubhava kara rahA hU~. kisI bhI santa ke Adarza hama meM kitane mukharita ho rahe haiM ? yaha hai mahattvapUrNa prazna. unake upadezoM ke tathA uddezyoM ke anurUpa sAmAjika caleM to nizcaya hI samAja kA AdhyAtmika abhyudaya ho sakatA hai. saM0 2014 meM unakA caumAsA jodhapura thA. taba aura isase pahale aneka bAra unakI cikitsA-sevA karane kA avasara mujhe milA hai. usa alaukika mahApuruSa ke sAkSAtkAra se mere mana aura AtmA meM paramazakti aura saMtoSa prApta huA. 2014 ke bAda unase zubha milana nahIM ho pAyA. Aja usa zAnta manISI kA smaraNa karate hue merI santa puruSoM para gaharI zraddhA ubhara kara Upara A rahI hai. unakI smRti ko cirasthAyI karane ke uddezya se 'smRtigraMtha' kA Ayojana bahuta sundara lagA. usa adRzya puruSa ko mere anekoM bhAva-praNAma aura zubha smaraNa. paM0 udayacandra bhaTTAraka, AyurvedamArtaNDa, prANAcArya, vaidyAvataMsa mahopAdhyAya, rAjamAnya rAjavaidya.. unake tIna guNa mahAn pavitra AtmA mere gurudeva ! tumheM kaise zraddhAMjali arpita karUM ? gurujanoM kI AjJA hai ki maiM apane manobhAva likhU. para socatI hU~ mujha meM sAmarthya kahA~ ? gurudeva ke guNa to ananta haiM. kabIra ke zabdoM meM agara sampUrNa pRthvI kA kAgaja banAyA jAya, sampUrNa vanarAji ke vRkSoM kI kalama aura sabhI samudroM kI syAhI banAI jAe to bhI hRdaya meM ullasita bhAvoM ko likhanA saMbhava nahIM. gurudeva ! ApakI mahimA nirAlI thI. Aja mujhe apanA atIta smaraNa ho uThA hai, bAlyakAla se hI ApakI kRpAdRSTi kA saubhAgya mujhe mila gayA thA. pitA, pati, svasura Adi ke viyoga ke vajra jaba mujha para gire usa samaya Apa hI ne bar3e AzvAsana bhare madhura va hRdayasparzI zabdoM meM sAntvanA dI thI--'yaha saMsAra parivartanazIla hai. sabhI ko kAla ke gAla meM samAnA hai, mRtyu ke sAmane kisI kA vaza nahIM calatA, ata: dhairya dhAraNa karo.' Aja mujhe vaha saba kucha yAda AtA hai, _JainElopmenin -For-ms-i- sanayeroine memorary.org
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________________ RAMREEMPERMIRMIRMANEMRREE 119 / muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya jinheM unake kaMThavinirgata pada aura bhajana sunane kA saubhAgya milA hai, ve bhalI bhAMti jAnate haiM ki unakI vANI meM kaisA anokhA jAdU thA. unakI dharmadezanA kA adbhuta prabhAva hotA thA ki lambA samaya bhI vyatIta hote patA nahIM calatA thA. maiMne logoM ko kahate sunA hai "cAlo mITho bakhANa suNaNane cAlo kAI" madhuratA ke sAtha-sAtha unakI bhASA meM bar3A hI oja tathA prabala AkarSaNa thA. dayAlutA, vacanadRr3hatA aura nirmamatva unake svAbhAvika guNa the. saMvat 2001 meM isI mahAn saralAtmA ke caraNakamaloM meM dIkSA svIkAra karane kI merI icchA huI. kintu gurudeva va guruNIjI byAvara meM nahIM the. icchA vyakta karate hI vidyut vega kI taraha sampUrNa zahara meM carcA phaila gaI. mere bhAI gulAbacanda jI muNota gurudeva ke pAsa azrupUrNa netroM se pahu~ce. unheM rote dekha gurudeva kI A~kheM bhI sajala ho gaIM. bole-'gulAbacanda bhAI, kyA bAta hai ? roo mata, bAta kho|' gulAbacandajI ne nizvAsa chor3ate hue kahA-'gurudeva bar3I AzA lekara AyA hU~.' gurudeva bole-'kaho na phira !' ve kahane lage---'gurudeva, bAI saMyama lene ko kahatI hai. yaha mere liye hI nahIM, donoM parivAroM ke lie asahya hai. hama ise sAdhvI ke rUpa meM nahIM dekha sakate ! bAI ko bahuta samajhAyA, para vaha nahIM mAna rahI hai. apane vicAroM meM aDiga hai ! ataH maiM Apase eka AzvAsana lene AyA hU~.' 'vaha kyA ?' 'maiM dIkSA nahIM dUMgA,' basa yahI Apase sunanA cAhatA hU~ hujUra ! Apa para dRr3ha vizvAsa hai aura maiM yahA~ se prasanna citta hokara ghara vAloM ko khuza khabara sunAUMgA dayAlu! Apake manA kara dene para dIkSA nahIM ho sakegI.' gurudeva ne phaurana kaha diyA thA--'cintA mata karo gulAbacandajI, maiM kyA merI AjJA meM rahane vAlA koI saMta yA satI, yahAM taka ki rAjasthAnI koI bhI sAdhu sAdhvI tumhArI bahina ko donoM ghara vAloM (susarAla aura pIhara pakSa) kI prasannatA pUrvaka prApta AjJA ke vinA-dIkSA nahIM deMge.' phira pITha para thapathapI lagAte hue kahane lage--'aba mata roo. cintA dUra ho gaI na ?' gulAbacandajI prasanna the. unakI kAmanA saphala huI. yaha hai gurudeva kI dayAlutA kA jvalanta udAharaNa. dUsarA unakA guNa thA-'kahe hue zabdoM para dRr3hatA.' isa AzvAsana kA patA lagane para mujhe bar3A duHkha huA. para kyA kiyA jAya ? kucha hI dera bAda, bAta dimAga meM A gaI. gurudeva ne ThIka hI to kahA-'AjJA ke vinA jaina muni dIkSA nahIM dete. maiM AjJA prApta karUMgI to dIkSA lene kI manAI bhI nahIM hogI.' kintu ATha varSoM taka atyanta koziza karane para bhI AjJA nahIM milI. taba svayaM dIkSA grahaNa kara lI. kintu gurudeva va guruNIjI ma0 ne mujhe svIkAra nahIM kiyA. taba maiMne gurudeva ke samakSa namratA pUrvaka prArthanA kI. 'gurudeva, aba to maiM ghara jAne vAlI nahIM hU~. mahAvrata de dIjiye.' uttara milA-'maiM vacana de cukA hU~. tumheM dIkSA nahIM de sakatA.' kintu mahAn saubhAgya se una dinoM paMjAba prAntIya paM0 zrIvimalamuni jI Agae aura dIkSA ho gaI. yaha thI gurudeva kI vacanadRr3hatA. tIsarA guNa nirmamattva to isI se spaSTa hai ki maiM gurudeva kI ziSyA banane jArahI thI. gurudeva kA hI parivAra bar3ha rahA thA. phira bhI ve celI ke moha se Upara uThe rahe. dIkSA ke bAda maiM gurudeva ke caraNoM meM pahu~cI. dekhate hI kahane lage--'kAMI o ! gulAbacanda jI kI bahana, sAdhupaNoM sauro hai ? vihAra ane loca vigerA soro huyo ?' maiMne kahA-'tahatta.' tatpazcAt guruNI jI se kahA-kAMI o jhamakUjI, mAraga meM AhAra pANIrI takalIpha to nahIM rahI ?' 'saba jogavAI ThIka baiTha gaI gurudeva ?' raran wyon.jainegbrary.org
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________________ kitane mIThe aura madhura zabda the usa mahApuruSa ke. dIkSA ke bAda gurudeva kI chatrachAyA meM do cAturmAsa sAtha-sAtha kiye, ajamera aura jodhapura jodhapura cAturmAsa ke bAda hameM vihAra karanA par3A. ajamera jAkara guruNIjI ma0 ko AcArya kI evaM mujhe zAstrI kI parIkSA denI thI- pAtharDI borDa kI. ataH gurudeva kA zubhAzIrvAda lekara prasthAna kiyA. usa samaya kauna soca sakatA thA ki yahI gurudeva ke antima darzana haiM ? gurudeva se AjJA lekara jayapura cAturmAsa karake alavara, dehalI, zimalA, bhAkhar3A naMgala hote hue ludhiyAnA AcArya mahArAja kI sevA meM pahu~ce. vahA~ cAturmAsa karake jammU-kazmIra Adi sthAnoM meM pahuMce. vahA~ bhI gurudeva kI ora se barAbara patra milate rahate the. hama jaba taka udhara rahe, Apako hamArI bar3I cintA rahI. Ane jAne vAloM se Apa hamAre samAcAra pUchate, jinameM choTI-choTI bAteM bhI sammilita rahatI thIM. kazmIra aura paMjAba kA vihAra samApta kara hama saba zIghra gurudeva kI sevA meM pahu~cane aura sAtha hI cAturmAsa karane ko utkaMThita thIM, parantu vidhi ko yaha svIkAra nahIM thA. dehalI meM hI yaha hRdaya-vedhI samAcAra sunane ko milA ki gurudeva svarga sidhAra gae. zrIzrAnandarAjajI surANA tAra lekara Ae. gurudeva ke svargaprayANa ke samAcAra se dila dahala uThA. hRdaya se cIkha nikala par3I. netroM ke Age aMdhakAra chA gayA. mAnoM saba kucha luTa gayA. AzAoM para pAnI phira gayA. lokottara saralatA, saujanya aura saMyama kI vaha mahanIya sajIva pratimA sahasA vilIna ho gaI / Aha, asIma sAmarthya kA dhanI mAnava isa jagaha, kitanA vivaza hai ! yahA~ para asahAya aura kSudra bana jAtA hai. gurudeva, Apa usI udAratA karuNAzIlatA aura saujanya kI pratimUrti banakara hamArI koTi-koTi vandanA svIkAra kIjie. sAdhvI zrIummeda kuMvarajI vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~ : 117 zraddhA puruSa svAmIjI mahArAja sUkSma ahiMsAvAdI, kaThora brahmacArI, paramavinIta, atyanta nirabhimAnI the. unakA hRdaya karuNA aura vAtsalya ke aNu paramANuoM se nirmita huA thA. AtmA ke ukta svAbhAvika guNa unhoMne phUla - sI komala avasthA meM gurucaraNoM kI chAyA meM raha kara prApta kiye the. Aja ke jaina muniyoM ko dekha kara maiM mAnatA hU~ ki unakA jIvana parama Adarzamaya thA. ve karuNA bhAvanA se nirmita hue, kaThorAcaraNa meM ise aura brahmacarya ke teja se camake the. maiM aura merI pratyeka zubha pravRtti kA kSaNa usa zraddhApuruSa munirAja zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja ke prati zraddhAnata hai. 704 vaha santapuruSa mahAn isa saMsAra meM anantakAla se samaya-samaya para aise jagat prasiddha santa mahAtmA hote Aye haiM jinake prAtaHsmaraNIya nAma Aja taka cale A rahe haiM. parantu kucha aise bhI santa huye haiM jinakA nAma jagavikhyAta nahIM huA. kintu unhoMne apanI AtmA kA parama sAdhya pAkara ucca sthAna prApta kiyA hai. aise hI saMtoM kI paMkti meM isa sadI kI mahAn AtmAoM meM zrIhajArImalajI ma0 bhI haiM. kavi zeksapIyara ke zabdoM meM 'unake jIvana kA sadaiva yahI dhyeya thA ki nAma meM kyA rakhA hai 'AtmA kA uddhAra yA jIvana kI saphalatA to sadaiva kRtitva meM hai.' merI dRSTi meM isI kathana ko unhoMne sAkAra rUpa diyA thA. ve hamezA upadeza meM yahI bhAva darzAte the ki jinake hRdaya meM lezamAtra bhI dayA nahIM hai ve yadi jJAna kI bar3I 100000 Jain Education Internationat acala siMha, ema0 pI0 adhyakSa, a0 bhA0 sthA0 jaina kaoNnphareMsa, dehalI 300 3000 300 30 30 30 30 30 383838308 30 30 30 35030030 www.jatnelibrary.org
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________________ 88824888034930030030393003930MER 118 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya bar3I bAteM banAte haiM to unakA jJAna unmattapralApa mAtra hai. jo bhI unake samparka meM AyA aura jisane unake vacanAmRta kA pAna kiyA, vahI unakI saMta prakRti va aneka sadguNoM kA bhakta bana gayA. ve mahAn saralahRdaya santa the. unhoMne jIvana bhara kabhI nAma pAne kI AMkAkSA nahIM kI. jo bhI santaptahRdaya unake pAsa pahu~ca gayA use sadaiva sanmArga kA upadeza dekara azoka-vATikA meM pahu~cA diyA. yahI unakI mahAn dena unake upadezoM meM sadaiva jhalakatI rahatI thI- 'vartamAna varte sadA so jJAnI jaga mAMya' unhoMne jina bhAvoM se sAMsArika sukhoM kA tyAga kiyA unhIM ucca bhAvoM ko jIvana bhara kAyama rakhA. vaise to sthAnakavAsI samAja meM sAmpradAyika moha abhI taka kucha aMzoM meM vidyamAna hai aura prAyaH zrAvakagaNa meM kucha loga abhI taka ise mAnyatA bhI pradAna karate haiM magara jo bhI sthAnakavAsI jaina isa mahAn AtmA kI sevA meM upasthita huA aura jisane vacanAmRta kA pAna kiyA, usane apane samyaktvadAtA guru ke samAna unakA sAdara satkAra kiyA. zrIsaradAramalajI chAjer3a jenI suvAsa sarvatra mhekI rahI che kudaratanA garbhAgAramAthI vizvanA vizAla bhUmaMDala para pratidina aneka vyaktio praveze che ane vidAya le che. parantu citraguptanA copaDe me sonI noMdha levAtI nathI ane smRtiye jaLavAtI nathI. Ama chatAM A sanAtana niyama sarvathA apavAdavihIna to nathIja. aneka payagaMbaro, tIrthaMkaro, jyotirdharo ane mahApuruSo ke jeoo pRthvI para pravezI, ahiMsA, asteya, aparigraha Adi satyono vizvane saMdeza Apyo, amanI noMdha itihAsanA pAne suvarNAkSare aMkAI che, ane amanI smRti yuga-yugathI lokonA antaramAM dRr3ha svarUpe sacavAI rahI che. A graMthamA avA eka vItarAgI santa zrIhajArImalajI ma. nI smRti janahRdaya para ciraMjIva rAkhavAno suyogya prayAsa karavAmAM Avyo che. smRtigraMtha prakAzana samiti dvArA pragaTa thayela 'mahakatA vyaktitva' zIrSaka pustaka dvArA jANavAmAM Avyu ke mAtra agIyAra varSanI kumalI vaye zrIhajArImalajI ma0 nu jIvana, tapa, tyAga, vairAgyathI sarvathA yoganiSTha banI gayuM hatu . amanA aMtaramA prema, karuNA, tyAga ane madhyasthabhAva mahekatA. saMsAra aSaNAthI pIDita mAnavIo pratye amanI saMvedanA sadaiva jAgRta rahetI, saMsAra trasta manuSyonA o AzvAsana hatA. ciMtana, manana AtmaraTana, nididhyAsanamAM me sadA otaprota rahetA, dharmopadeza ApatA tyAre jJAna, virakti ane mudutAnI surabhi amanA zabde-zabde TapakatI, amanI vairAgyamUlaka vANIno srota zrotAne maMtramugdha banAvI deto. tolI tolI ne bolAtA zabdo AkAra letA tyAre amAM samyagjJAna, darzana, cAritranI pratibhA pratibimbita thatI. mUle AcArya zrIjayamalajI mahArAjanA saMpradAyanA saMta zramaNasaMpanI sthApanA pahelAM vI0 saM0 1988 mAM pAlI mukAme bharelA 6 saMpradAyanA saMghanA pravartaka rahyA. a bAda vardhamAna zramaNa saMghanI sthApanA thatAM temano saMpradAya zramaNasaMghamAM praviSTa thatAM teo vizAla zramaNasaMghanA aka pratibhAzAlI santa banyAM. A prabhAvazAlI santa zrIhajArImalajI mahArAjanI smRti rUpe AdhyAtmika, tAttvika, zaikSaNika Adi vividha prakAranA sAhityathI samRddha avo smRtigraMtha prakAzita thaI rahyo che, o mATe smRtigraMthasamitine dhanyavAda che. jeo amanA jIvanakAla daramyAna vItarAgI, yoganiSTha, AdhyAtmika ane utkRSTa sAdhaka jIvananI sundara suvAsa pasArI gayA avA zrIhajArImalajI ma0 zrI pratye huM mArI A bhAva-bhaktibharI zraddhAMjali sama chu'. zrIkhImacanda maganalAla vorA, maMtrI, a0 bhA0 sthA0 jaina kaoNnphareMsa COODARA L s-IIII Jain ELA www.janenorary.org
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~: 116 28:039302030203998288RMERNMENRN do bUMda A~sU saMdhyA ne dopaharI ko DhAla diyA thA. kacoTatI hai tana aura mana kokyoMki sAMjha saMvarane lagI thI, atIta kI smRtiyA~, Akula banA jAte haiM chuTapuTA phailane kI taiyArI meM thA viDambanA ke bhAva jaba ve bhUta ke jagate haiMaura kahA thA sAdhvI coMthAMjI ne sumadhura vANI meM AkAza nIrava thA-kasAvaTa gaharI thI usameM byAvara meM. havA bhArI thI-bojhila-aura udAsI se ba~dhI huI, jaba nau kA thA putra hajArI merA, bAdaloM kA jaise maunavrata thA. ghara ke dvAra para deharI ke pAsa jAne kyA rekha paDhI mere mastaka kIdIvAra se saTI huI, sAdhvI ne aura phira kahA thAbaiThI hai eka nArI-mUrtivat ! vartamAna prabala hai. lalATa para ubharI haiM cintana kI rekhAyeM, zakti kA saMbala hai. kampana nahIM hai unameM. kaMbala hai zAnti kA-jo ghaTA detA hai para gaharI sthiratA hai. atIta ke zIta ko. rekhAyeM jaba banatI haiM cintana kI tuma devI merI ora dekhakara bolI thIM. to sajIva ho uThatA hai vartamAna atIta ke duHkha meM DUbo mata karmabhAva mukharatA hai ritA do pIDA ke ghaTa ko dRDha saMkalpa kI niSThA tatpara ho uThatI hai. bUMda bUMda hI sahI para duHkha ko bisAra do. aisA pala ghumar3A hai abhI aura phira nanda koisa nArI kI A~khoM meM hajArI ko dekhakara dulAra kI vANI meM kahA thAA~khoM meM AkAzI camaka hai, isameM alaukika zakti kI prabhA samAI hai. sajjita hai saumya zRMkhalA se vaha raMjita hai--saralatA-pavitratA ke anurAga meM. sarale ! mamatva ke bAMdha se baMdhI huI, devI vaha tuma sarala ho, sahRdaya aura sukomala ho. baiThI hai-nivikAra. vartamAna para calanA hI zreya haipara, maMthana vicAroM kA matha use rahA hai. isI se gaurava banogI tuma hajArI se putra kI. zraddhA ke bhAva se unake caraNoM meM, vaha mAM hai-nanda kI mAM jhuka gayA thA mAtha taba merA anAyAsa hI hajArI ke vAtsalya kI dAtrI. aura Aja vaha kahane lagA hai sayAnA bana, vicAroM ne karavaTa lI bAta vartamAna kI. lAla merA ! kaisA pagalA hai mA~ ne dekhA aura mamatva kI dhAra baha calI. socane lagA hai kyA ? abhI se bAta vartamAna kI. vartamAna ! hA~ vartamAna kI bAta jo kahI hai abhI. kaisA tallIna thA AtmalIna-sA huA yAda hai mujhe vaha vANI-Aja bhI jaba sunI thI dharmadezanA gurujI kI madhura svara vaha cirantana satya-sA, muni zrI jorAvaramala kI. vartamAna ko AsthA do pravacana suna unakA, vartamAna saMbala hai mAnava ke mana kA. bhIga gayA thA jaise usake pravAha meM. 147 Wha HildCIM Jall Escais Private&Pers Awarrayerary.org
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________________ 120 : muni zrIhajArImalajI smRti-grantha : adhyAya Jin Jin Zhang Ye Cha Cha Cha Cha Qi Cha Cha Di Di Di Di Shen Gang Dai Lai Shen lagatA hai mujhe yaha guru kA prasAda haitabhI-- mana mere lAla kA khoyA hai, sana gayA hai zAyada-nirveda ke bhAva meM guru kI vairAgyamUlaka vANI se. tabhI to kahatA hai-kahA hai abhImAM ! vartamAna para socane vAlI ho tuma to. chor3A atIta aura bhaviSya ke vicAra ko. satya hai vicAranA hI vartamAna kA. mana ke-ulajhane seatIta aura bhaviSya ke kAlpanika jAla meM, karmanibaddha hotI hai AtmA. putra saca kahatA haivartamAna satya hai. mamatA ke vicAra jage. aura haule se palakeM uThA kara dekhAvinIta rUpa meM bAlaka hajArI khar3A hai, netra jhukAkara-mAM ke sammukha. sAdhanA kI dizA meM bar3hane ko, pAne ko AjJA mAM kI. para mAM khoI hai vicAroM meM, bAlaka hajArI ne sahasA hI tor3a kara virAma kahAbolo mAM, 'bolo to'tuma kyoM mAM mauna ho. kahA thA-guruNI ne jo satya hai-hai na satya ? hAM vatsa !, vANI jhaMkAra uThI mAM ke nizcaya kI ! satya hai-guruNI kA kathana bhI. aura ucita hai yaha bhI jo-tU kaha rahA. to mAM, phira AjJA de do na-dIkSA kI. cAhatA hU~ dharma kI sevA meM samarpita yaha jIvana ho. bAta kaha mauna huA hajArI aura phira DUbI-sI mamatva ke sAgara meM. baiThI thI dIvAra se saTakara, tAka rahI thI zUnya meM-UMce AkAza ko. saMdhyA taba gaharI thI-utara AI, prakRti zAnta thI khAmoza thI. havA bhArI thI--udAsI se DUbI huI. aura bhArI thA-mAM kA kalejA bhI. para vaha mAM thI--snehamayI. kartavya aura dharma ke bhAva meM pagI huI. tabhI eka-garjana huA-sannATA cIrakara bAdala kI kokha se bijalI garaja uThI, bega uThA prabhaMjana kA-prakRti macala uThI. mAM ne apane ko sameTa kara putra ko vakSa se lagA kara mastaka para pyAra kA cumbana de bolI vaha--karuNAmayI-. tU merI mamatA kA kendra hai, lAla mere jIvana kA tU hI sarvasva hai, para, pASANa sA acala hai-nizcaya terA. yaha maiM jAnatI hU~. tere bhAvoM ko kara liyA hai hRdayagaMma maiMne. tujhe sukha hai sAdhanA meM hIto maiM AjJA detI hU~terA patha prazasta ho--sevA kara jana-jana kI. ki sahasA eka jhoMkA-sA AyA, aura bhara uThI dharatI Aloka sebAdaloM ne gUMja kara nauchAvara karadI bUMdoM kI. mAM tU kitanI acchI haimerI mAM, gadgada huI vANI hajArI kI. mAM ke caraNoM kI dhUla lagA mastaka para putra ne vidA lI ! sevA vrata liyA. lAla mere-para kaMTha avaruddha huA jananI kA. bhagavAn mahAvIra terA kalyANa kareMaura Anandamaya-vyathA ke koSa se--- Tapaka par3e-do bUMda A~sUmoha chor3a palakoM kA. pro. rAdhezyAma tripAThI, ema. e. 717 Jain du r intem www.jainelibra.org
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________________ svAgata prabhAta ke prabhA-putra ! svAgata ! jana-mAnasa ke mAnadhanI, svAgata ! dharatI ke kaNa-kaNa kA, nIla gagana kA mukta pavana kA jana-jana kA svAgata ! svIkAro hai dhavala navala priya vimala tumhArA sat ziva sundarasvara-svara madhura-mukhara mana svAgata ! zraddhA bhAva-bhAvanA-bhU tumhArA zAzvata svAgata ! utaro nIlAbha gagana se vicaro mAnasa kI laharoM para baiThA nirmala tala meM DubakI lagAkara mukta karo snehila sIpI kocuna-cuna bIno viveka ke motI ye anamola ! bhole ! ye motI anabole ! zAnti kSitija para satya-sUrya camakA hai. svAgata ! prabhAta ke prabhA-putra ! ye dhAkula nayana hajAroM darzana ke pyAse haiM. halaso himahiya harakho he hitakArI svAgata ! saMta hajArI ! zrI oMkAra pArIka vaha devapuruSa mahAn sAtvikatA ke pAvana pratIka, mahAnatA meM sUrya sama, divya jJAna kA de prakAza, miTAyA hRdaya kA ghoratama. yAda rahegA yuga-yuga taka vaha, amaratA kA suramya jJAna. diyA kabhI thA jo vasudhA ko tumane deva-puruSa mahAnu sau0 madanaku~vara pArakha vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAjaliyA~ : 121 gaurava gAna [ tarja - dekha tere saMsAra kI hAlata svAmI hajArImala guruvara ke, gAo gaurava gAna / jisase hove parama kalyANa || Tera // samyak pAlA saMyama guruvara, samyak pAyA jJAna / nirmala guNa ratanoM kI khAna // nanda ku~vara bAI kA jAyA, akhila vizva meM suyaza kamAyA / saMyama sAdha ucca pada pAyA, sat-puruSoM meM nAma kamAyA, jIvana merA unnata hove aisA do varadAna jisase hove parama kalyANa jaya gaccha nAyaka pUjya hajArI, zuddha karaNI kara Atama tArI / ujjvala yaza kI kiraNeM sArI, phaila rahI hai deva! tumhArI // mere mana ke pUraNa karado aba sAre aramAna jisase hove parama kalyANa- 'braja' munivara haiM 'madhukara' pyAre, jagamaga camake ziSya tumhAre / jaina jagat ke divya sitAre, mana gaNa ke eka sahAre // jana saMyama patha ke sAdhaka svAmI pAlI jinavara Ana jisase hove parama kalyANa taba caraNoM meM zIza jhukAU~, zraddhA ke do puSpa car3hAU~ / mana mandira meM tumheM biThA vimala prema kI jyoti jagAU~ // 'hIrA muni' nita bali 2 jAye jaina dharma kI zAna jisase hove parama kalyANa zrI hIrA muni jI ma0 'himakara' 303003003003030 nelibrary.org
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________________ 122 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya Aja mastaka svataH hI jhukA jA rahA hai Jing Shen Mou Ye Jin Qi Yang Jia Chang Rui Yang Jiang Luo Han Aja mastaka svata: hI jhukA jA rahA, kara rahA bhakti ke puSpa arpita tumheM. kintu vANI kahe Aja kyA kisa taraha, kisa taraha vaha tumhArI kare arcanA ? kisa taraha vaha tumhAre guNoM ko kahe, kyA kare vaha naye koSa kI sarjanA ? sneha bhIne sahasroM hRdaya azruoM se, kareMge guruvarya cacita tumheM. Aja mastaka svataH hI jhukA jA rahA, kara rahA bhakti ke puSpa arpita tumheM. thA laharatA tumhAre nayana meM sadA, sneha kA eka nissIma niSpApa sAgara. ki karuNA umar3atI sadA bana taraMgeM, gagana kAMpatA Dola jAtA prabhAkara. 'hajArI' hajAroM barasa tuma hRdaya meM, baho preraNA kA sahaja srota banakara. sabhI AtmAeM baneM bhadra tuma-sI, tumhAre suguNa hI raheM saba bikhara kara. jagat ke pralobhana sadA dUra rahate, ki mAnoM pratADita kiyA ho unheM. Aja mastaka svataH hI jhukA jA rahA, kara rahA bhakti ke puSpa arpita tumheM. huA kyA na sazarIra ho jo yahAM para, na karanA kabhI para vijita hameM. Aja mastaka svataH hI jhukA jA rahA, kara rahA bhakti ke puSpa arpita tumheM. sukomala vayasa meM gahA mukti kA patha, sadA agrasara kintu hote rahe the. kabhI bhI na nanheM caraNa DagamagAe, mahata sAdhanA-bhAra Dhote rahe the. tapodhana ! tumheM vandanA bAra sau-sau, sahasa bAra snehAMjali bheMTa tumako. mahAdivya AtmA, mahA prANayogI, sahasa bAra zraddhAMjali deva tumako. dikhAyA sadA patha bhaTakate huoM kokiyA Atmavata aura harSita unheM. Aja mastaka svataH hI jhukA jA rahA, kara rahA bhakti ke puSpa arpita tumheM. hRdaya meM sadA chavi tumhArI rahegI, dRgoM ne kiyA kyoMki citrita tumheM. Aja mastaka svataH hI jhukA jA rahA kara rahA bhakti ke puSpa arpita tumheM. zrI kamalA jaina 'jIjI' ema. e. Jain Ed Latiosemational Shardale Only Sww.jrincibrary.org
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~ : 123 mhAri bhAva AMjali paramapUjanika mahAbhAgavAna zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja sA0 mhArI paramparA su guru hotAM chatAM uNa uttama puruSoM ne paramparA guru sambandha suM alaga rAkha ne dekhatAM chatAM bhI vAM nirmala cAritavAna puruSAM ne mAnato jhukatau lulato mhAMro mana uNAM ro dAsa ho gayo. bar3A sarala svabhAvI, bhadarIka AtmA zrIhajArImalajI ma0 sA0 rA darasaNa ro saubhAga mhAne ghaNIvAra milato rayo ho. svAmIjI0 0 sA0 ro bI mhAre upare ghaNo upakAra ho. asAtAro udo saMsAra meM sabAM ke lAre lAgoDo hai. hUM parama pavittara AtamA rI sahaNa sagatI rI kAMI tArIpha karU~. ghora sughora asatA ro udo hota chatAM kI ve SaNA majabUta rahatA hA mheM uNArI sahamatI nihAla vihAna ghaNo ayo karato. karama-siddhAMta para vArI ghaNI aTUTa saradhA hI. mheM ApasU ghaNI vAra ThANApati virAjaNa rI vINatI karI. paNa vAM ro sAhasa aTUTa ho. ThANApati virAjaNa rI vINatI sikArI konI, ve eka A hIja kahatA ke ThANApati revaNa sU' goDA thAka jAve. mhAro basa cAlasI jaThA taka ThANApati revaNa ro mana konI. iNa taraha sU svargavAsa pelI bhI ghaNI vAra vINaMtI karI hI. "cAritavAna niramala AtmA ro bhava bhava meM saraNo hoijo" A bhAvanA bhAtAM mhAre hirade meM pUja gurudeva rI khAmI ghaNI khaTake hai. vArI pavittara AtamAM ne hUM bAra-bAra mhAMrI bhAva-bharI AMjalI arapaNa karUM hUM. seTa zrImohanamalajI coraDiyA svAmI zrIhajArImalajI ma0 pUjyazrI hajArImalajI ma0 ke liye 'svAmIjI' vizeSaNa yogya thA. ve vastutaH samAja ke svAmI hI the. svAmitva kA adhikAra vahA~ zobhita hotA hai jahA~ saralatA hotI hai. unameM jitanI saralatA aura vimalatA thI vaha aura vaisI sarala AtmA ke Aja kahIM khoje bhI darzana nahIM hote haiM. jaba-jaba mujhe unakI smRti AtI hai to unake sAtha bIte bAlyakAlIna svapnacitra AMkhoM meM taira jAte haiM. mastaka zraddhA se jhuka jhuka jAtA hai. AdaraNIya zrI hajArImalajI ma0 mere kulaguru the parantu kulaguru ke mamatvabhAva se Upara uThakara bhI eka aparicita muni kI paMkti meM khar3e karake aneka bAra mere tarkazIla mastiSka ne unheM jAMcanA tathA parakhanA cAhA. taba bhI unakI saralatA ne mere hRdaya kI bhakti evaM sneha ko hI prApta kiyA hai. Aja unakI mATI kI kAyA hamAre madhya nahIM hai parantu maiM aisA mAnatA hUM ki unakI dRr3ha caritraniSThA, prabala karuNA aura nizcala niSkapaTa hRdaya hamAre raktAguoM meM praveza kara jAya to hama dhanya ho sakate haiM. hama meM dhanyatA unake guNoM ko smaraNa karane para bhI prApta ho jAya to isase bar3hakara hamArA saubhAgya kyA ho sakatA hai ? merA santArpaNabhAva - muni zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja jaise santoM ke lie arpita hai. zrIdhAnandarAjajI surANA mere paramparA guru | pUjya gurudeva zrI hajArImalajI ma mero paitrika paramparA se guru rahe haiM. unameM sneha saujanya Adi kucha aise guNa the jinhoMne mujhe ekAnta zraddhAvAdI banA diyA hai. ve hamAre paramparA se guru to the hI, sevA aura bhakti kendra bhI bana gaye the. munzI zrIghevaracandrajI pArakha Jain Education mem a swe 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 33303030030 wwwwwww.jalirtelforary.org
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________________ Mi Ye Ye Ye Ran Shen Ju Cha Ye Shen Ye Luo Chai 124 / muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya zraddhA-sumana samarpita tumako agarabattI jaba se jalatI hai tabhI se suvAsa vikIrNa karanA prArambha karatI hai. anta taka suvAsa detI hai ! munizrI apane jIvana ke prArambha se anta taka apanI AtmasAdhanA aura samAja abhyudaya ke kAryoM kI sugandha se parivyApta rahe, unhoMne svasAdhanA aura janakalyANa ke kArya kie parantu jala meM kamala bana kara, kamala prArambha se anta taka pAnI meM rahatA hai parantu kamala para pAnI kI bUMda bhI dikhAI par3atI hai ? nahIM ! svAmIjI ma0 bhI ThIka isI prakAra kA sAdhu samAja meM Adarza jIvana vyatIta kara atIta huye haiM. vaha jIvana kyA hai, jo saMsAra ko prema kA dhana na bA~Ta sake ? vaha vaktA aura vicAraka, kyA vaktA aura vicAraka hai jo sampradAya aura vyakti ko samAja ke prati kendrita karane kA pracAra na kare ? svAmIjI ma. ne jIvana bhara sarvatra prema kI dRSTi kI. zAnti kI pAvanI gaMgA bahAI. unakI vAtsalya bhAvanA meM jisane bhI snAna kiyA vaha samabhava-sAdhanA kA amara pujArI banA. Aja maiM, caturdika dekha rahA hU~. vaisA mahAmAnava mujhe kahIM dRSTi patha nahIM horahA hai. unake saMsAra ke liye kiye gaye upakAra amara haiM. isaliye ve svayaM bhI amara haiM. saMsAra unakA ciraRNI hai. maiM, unake upakArI jIvana aura guNoM ke prati zraddhA arpita karate hue apane zraddhAzIla hRdaya meM sukha anubhava karatA hU~. zrImUla munijI ma. vaha yugapuruSa mahAn usa yuga puruSa ke nispRha jIvana kI parikramA karane para, maiM vizvAsapUrvaka kaha sakatA hU~.--"yuga-yuga taka unakI kItikathA, sahasra-sahasra kaNThasvaroM se phUTa kara usa pUjya puruSa taka pahu~catI rahegI aura ve apanI santajanocita vizeSatAvaza use asvIkAra hI karate raheMge !" zrIsohanamunijI ma. jIvanadharma ke kuzala aura yazasvI kalAkAra kalAvihIna jIvana, jIvana nahIM hai. kalAmaya jIvana hI saccA aura saphala jIvana hai. vaha jIvanakalA kauna-sI hai jo jIvana ko dhanya, kRtakRtya aura saphala banA detI hai ? isa sanAtana prazna kA uttara jIvana ke marmI zAstrakAra eka hI vAkya meM isa prakAra dete haiM :-- savvA kalA dhammakalA jiNei. arthAt sabhI kalAoM meM dharmakalA sarvazreSTha hai. prAkRta jIvana ko saMskRta banAne ke lie 'kalA' kI AvazyakatA hotI hai aura kalAmaya jIvana banAne ke lie dharma kI AvazyakatA rahatI hai. pUjya muni zrIhajArImalajI ma.sA0 nirgrantha bhikSu the, jJAnI, tyAgI, tapasvI the; lekina sahI artha meM ve the jIvana-dharma ke yazasvI aura kuzala kalAkAra. maiMne hajAroM jana-mana ko apane jIvana-dharma kI kalA se saMskRta aura pAvana-pavitra karate hue unheM dekhA hai. jIvana-dharma ke yazasvI aura kuzala kalAkAra pU0 hajArImalajI ma0 kI pAvana smRti Aja bhI dharmajIvana kI kalA, jIvana kA Adarza prastuta kara jAtI hai aura kalAmaya jIvana banAne kI preraNA detI hai. zrI zAntilAla banamAlI zeTha garA Jain Edu www.jammelibrary.org
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~: 125 zraddhArpaNa tattvajJoM ne mAnavajIvana kI saphalatA tyAga meM mAnI hai. jisake jIvana meM tyAga hai, adhyAtmasAdhanA ke lie dharmaparAyaNatA hai, vahI vyakti akhila vizva ke lie vandanIya aura mahanIya hotA hai. marudhara deza ke pAvanakartA, taponiSTha svargIya zraddheya svAmI zrIhajArImalajI ma0 eka mahAn Adarza saMtaratna the. maiMne Apake darzana bhInAsara-sammelana meM kiye the. ve kSaNa anirvacanIya Anandaprada va durlabha the, jo saubhAgya se mujhe mile. Apake divya jIvana meM madhuratA, tejasvitA Adi anekAneka guNa vidyamAna the. ApazrI zarIra se vRddha hote hue bhI yuvaka kI bhAMti utsAhapUrNa va kuzala kAryakartA the. ApakA jIvana sarala evaM nirabhimAna thA. jJAnAbhyAsa gahana thA. Apa zAsana sevA meM sadaiva tatpara rahate the. Apane jaina saMskRti ko jIvita rakhane va prasArita karane meM bejor3a zrama kiyA. bAdhAoM se ghabarAnA Apane sIkhA hI na thA. isIlie Apa Aja bhI jana-jana ke hRdayamaMdira meM virAjamAna haiM. usa mahAn AtmA ke caraNa-kamaloM meM merI zraddhA ke puSpa samarpita haiM. zrI madanamunijI "pathika' kalape mhANo jIvaDalo (tarja-mhAne jayapuriyAro lahariyo...) guruvara dInAnAtha, jor3AM caraNAM meM hAtha / mhANI jhuka-jhaka vandanA hoIjyo mhANA svAmI jii| kalape mhANo jovar3a lo-Tera mhANA kAlajA rI kora, mhANA mAthA rA ho maudd'| mhAne chor3I ne akelA, Apa cAlyA pro mhANA svAmI jii| kalape mhANo jIvar3alo-1 motIlAla jI rA nanda, nandU bAI rA kula canda / / gAMva DAMsariyA meM Apa, janama lIno mhANA svAmI jii| __kalape mhANo jIvar3alo-2 pyAro nAma hai hajArI, bole saghalA nara naarii| moTI puNyavAnI sAthe leI, pAyA o mhANA svAmI jii| ____ kalape mhANo jIvar3alo-6 chAyo ghaTa meM vairAga, deU saMsAra ne tyAga / moha mAyA ne chor3I ne, saMjama lIno mhANA svAmI jI / kalape mhANo jIvar3alo-4 auhan rApta
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________________ Jain ******************** 126 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : prathama adhyAya bhaNiyAM zrAgamA ro sAra, bhariyA jJAna rA bhaNDAra / sAMcA jaina rA anamola hIrA, baNagyA zro mhANA svAmI jI / kalape mhANo jIvar3alo - 5 gAMvA nagarAM meM padhArayA, bhavi jIvAM ne sudhArathA / jinavANI rA ve mIThA pyAlA, pAyA zro mhANA svAmI jI / yazadhArI gurudeva, nAma levAM nitameva / zramaNa saMgha meM sitAro, teja camakyo mhANA svAmI jI / kalape mhANo jIvar3alo - 6 jina mAraga ne dipAyo, jIvana saphala banAyo / thAMNI mahimA se pAra, nahIM Ave pro mhANA svAmI jI / kalape mhANo jIvar3alo - 7 mhAne chor3a maMjhadhAra, gayA svarga sidhAra / mhANo eka pala meM jalato, dIpaka bujhagyo mhANA svAmI jI / kalape mhANo jIvar3alo - 6 aba yA hI aradAsa, juga juga meM amara Apa kalape mhANo jIvar3alo - 8 saba rA dila meM zoka chAyo, hiyo bhara-bhara prAyo / doI neNA meM pAnIr3o Tapa Tapa, Ave pro mhANA svAmI jI / pUro Aparo AdhAra, saba chUTyo tAraNa hAra / mhANA manar3ArI bAtAM, kUNa suNasI zro mhANA svAmI jI / zrI maganamunijI 'rasika' u kalape mhANo jIvar3alo - 10 kalape mhANo jIvar3alo - 11 kIjyo mugatyAM meM vAsa / rahijo mhANA svAmI jI / kalape mhANo jIvar3alo - 12 'braja munijI' mahArAja, 'muni madhukara' mhANA tAja / jANe candramA sUraja bhalA, ugA pro mhANA svAmI jI / haraSe mhANo jIvar3alo - 13 gurudeva suna lIjo, zraddhAJjalI mAna lIjo | kirapA rAkhajo, 'rasika' darzana dIjo mhANA svAmI jI / kalape mhANo jIvar3alo - 14 elibrary.org
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~ : 127 Bang Dai Shen Yuan Dai Dai Qi Qi Cha Cha Qi Jiu Luo Luo Luo Ju Luo Zhu Meng uttamahIrayassa jammaNANaM rAyaTThANajaNavayammi TADagaDhasamIve DAMsariyA nAma ego gAmo Asi. tattha vi0 saM0 1943 mAhamAse, sukkapakkhe suhe divahe, vasantapaMcamIe tihIe baMbhamuhutte ekkAe mAAe kucchIe ego putto jAo. tammi kAle NavajAyasisuNo suhalakkhaNaM vaMjaNaM ca daThUNa savve itthIo purisA ya hariseNa pulakiataNavo havIa. tehiM viNNAyaM-ayaM bAlo, ummukkabAlabhAve amhANaM kulakeU kulapaIvo kulamalibhUo kulajasakaro hohii. geNa kAraNeNa amhe iyANi kayatthA kayapuNNA jAyA Asi, etthantare kaivayA nemittiyA AgayA tammi ghare, tehiM nemittiehi viNNAyaM-kaivayA gahA uccayaM gayA ciTThanti, gaNaM najjai ayaM bAlo jaha sigdhaM samujjalaNakkhattaM piva saMsAre payAsihida, imo ya uccayaM payaMpi pAvihii. dhaNeNa kittIe sirIe paccahaM-vaDDhihii ahava saMjameNa tavasA saha ajjhatthasirIe sayayaM sohaM lahihii. ettiaM vajjariUNa jaM disaM pAubbhUA tameva disaM paDigayA. vArasAhe vaikkante tassa bAlassa ammApiUhiM guNasahassubaveaM guNaNipphaNNaM nAmadhejjaM hajArImala tti kayaM. puvabhavuvajjiapuNNapahAveNa uttamabAlo sa nivvAdhAeNa kappataru vva vijjAlae ajjhAvagAo vijja paDhento rUveNa dhammakalAhiM vijjAe nimmalaguNehiM dahavAsecca vikkhAo jAo. egArahavAse paviDhe samANe mohaNijjakammakhaovasameNa puvvasuhasakkAro ubabuddho. hajArImalassa maNami apuvvajhavasAo samuppanno paramatthao kassai jIvassa na mAyA, na piyA, na bhAyA, na bhaiNI, na bhajjA, na suNhA, na putto, na dhUA, na sattU mittaM ca atthi loe. kajjavaseNa savve jaNA dIsanti. saMsAre rAgavimohiyamaNANaM adIhadaMsINa jIvANa sulahAo AvayAo. puvakayakammANi cca suha-duha-jaNaNammi samatthANi atthi. aNNaNa na keNAvi suhaM duhaM ca dijjai jIvassa. puvvakammakayAo dosAu savvAI dukkhAI jIvA vedayanti. avarAhesu guraNesu va paro nimittamettaM hoi. aNiccaM rUvaM jIviaM jovvaNa' ca vijjusamaM cavalaM, savve vandhavo sabandhA, dhiratthu imassa saMsAravAsassa, jaM mUDhA paccakkhaM aNicca jANiUNa vi thiraM bhaNenti, nAUNa vi jiNavayaNapuNo mahAraMbha-pariggahesu baTTenti. tA saMsAranivAsaheubhUeNa garuyadukkhamUleNa gihivAseNa alaM. pAyariyajayamalasya saMkhittaguNaparicano etthantare kira rAjaTThANajaNavayarayaNabhUo, guNarayaNANa Agaro savvaMgasundarAhirAmo, kulaharaM piva khaMtIe, vasundharAe maNDaNa viva, AdeabhAvassa ThANa ba, kusalakammassa vivAgasavvassaM va, sayalajaNaNaaNANa ANando piva, dhammanirayANa paccAesovva, paramadhaNNayAe nilao va, jeNa teaguNehi navasarayaravI, somaguNehi navasarayasasI, rUvaguNehiM puNDarIaM vijiaM, mahAgubhAvo, ghoratavassI vijitindio, Ayariyapavaro pujjapAo saNAmadhaNNo sirI sAmI jayamalajI mahArAo ahesi. guruppavaro samosariyo mahAjasassa tassa gaNe ego thero aNegasIsapariyAlaparivuDo DAMsariyAgAme uvassayammi uggahaM uggihia saMjameNa tavasA ca appANa bhAvemANe viharai. tesi muNipuMgavANa daMsaNaLaM virattappA hajArImallo vi nigganthaM pAvayaNa ca souM gharAu nikkhamaI. ukssayaM pAviUNa savvesi muNisattamANa dasaNa karia kamaso muNivare savihiNA vandai namasai sakkArei sammAraNei, tappacchA gurupAmUle Agamma puNo tihuto AyAhiNa payAhiNa kAUNa gurUNa tie uvaviTTho paMjaliuDo viNaeNa vajjarai hajArImallo-bhante ! ayaM bhavantANa pAse kevalibhAsi dhamma soumicchAmi, jai na gilAeti tatthabhavantA. tao pacchA gurumuhAo uvaesaM soUNa mahappaNo hajArImallassa maNe veraggo viguNio jAo. jaM veraggabIaM uvaesahArAe aMkurio jAo, tappabhAveNa mahappA hajArImallo viNayeNa bollei-bhavantehiM jaM kahiaM taM saccaM, asaMdiddhaM avitahaM ca atthi, no iharA. ahaM NiagehiM abbhaNuNNAe samANe tumhANa tie bhagavaI jiNadikkhaM dhAriumicchAmi. guruNAhiaM-jahAsuhaM devANupiyA ! mAiM paDibandhaM kAhi tti. niveiUNa uTThAya uThei guruvaraM namiUNa mahappA hajArImallo jAe disAe samAgao taM citra IDA/ EPALI HINDulry.org Jain Edecat THIMITHummitTANAJUSTimeMAture, ANDIHOTRUTTIMILAIMMISTI ...IHINI
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________________ NEW MERRENXNNNNNNNNINE 228 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya disaM paDigao. niyagANa' purao appaNo hiyayuggAraM rakkhIa-ahaM gihavAsaM caiUNa aNagAravitti dhAreumicchAmi. tehiM kahilaM, dukkarA bho ! aNagAravittI, na evaM bAlakIlAvaNaga, tuma iyANi bAlo si. mahesiNA hajArImalleNa sAhia-tumhANa kahaNa sacca,kIvANa kApurisANa ihaloe paDibaddhANa, paraloyaNippivAsANa duraNucarA imA sAhuvittI, nissakameyaM, paraM no ceva dhIrassa, nicchiassa, viratassa, aNiyaTTagAmissa. te jAhe no saMcAinti visayAraNulomehiM taha visayapaDikUlehiM vayaNehi saNNavittae, tAhe akAmAI ceva kahIa-bhadda ! jai tumaM dikkhaM dhAriumicchasi, tarihi gacchasu, maMgalamaI hou tuha saMjamajattA, evaM niyagehi abbhaguNNAe samAraNe pAyavihAracAreNa jattha gurupavaro Asi, tattha saMpatto mahappA hajArImallo.-suhati hi-karaNa-joga-NarUtta-muhatte gurupavareNa apaNI raca karakamaleNa pavvAvio sikkhAvio, sAmAiyaM cArittaM dieNa, mahayA hariseNa cArittaM paDivajjiaM mahesiNA hajArImalleNa. aTThame divahe chedovaTThAvaNijjacArittArovaNa karemANeNa guruNA sAhiaMmokkhasAhaNabhUmA sikkhA arihaM devo, susAhuNo guruNo, jiNadesio tattattho eesi saddahANe sammattaM hoi. sammattassa nimmalapAlaNe sadA jaiyavvaM. maNavayaNakAyajogehi sAvajjaparivajjaNa ca eso citra jaiNadhammo jo mandasattANa duraNucaro. chaNhaM vi puDhavIkAyAINa jIvANa sayA savvao dayA kAyavvA. savvovAhivisuddhaM saccabayaNa bhANiyavvaM. asuddhacitteNa taNamettaM pi adiNNa na ghettavbaM. NavaguttisaNAhaM baMbhavayaM sayA dhAreyavvaM, dhammovagaraNe viNA thevovi parigaho na kAyabbo, rayaNIe AhAracaupi neva bhottavvaM. Nicca samiIu paMca, guttIu tiNNi seviyavvAo. udiA bAvIsaparIsahA samma jeyavvA. AyariyapamuhANa sasattIe veyAvacca kAyavvaM, NaratiridevohakayA uvasaggA sahiavvA. saddAisu visaesu rAgadosA na kAyavvA. bAyAladosasuddho kAraNe piNDo bhottabvo. kAyavyo sajjhAo, parihariyavvAo savvAo vikahAu. sabbhintaravAhiratavammi sayayaM ujjamiavaM. dhammasukkANi jhANANi jhAebvANi, motUNa aTTarudde. aNiccayAipavarabhAvaNAsamudayaM bhAveabva. sacchandayA na kAyabvA, viNao sayA abbhasiyavvo. dasabiho samaNadhammo Niccapi aNuDhe o. basiyavvaM muNimajhe, kusIlasaMsaggI no kAyavvA. visesapayatteNa paMcaviho vi pamAo sayA parihariavvo, esa muNidhammo khippaM mokkhammi roi. hajArImalleNa NavadikkhiyamahAmuNiNA NiveiyaM-bhante ! jaha bhavantassa ANA, taha karemi na aNNahA. jappabhiI ca cArittaM gahiraM tappabhiI mahAmuNiNA viNaeNa gahaNaAsevaNarUbA duvihA sikkhA sikkhiA. saMyamatavaviNayakaraNacaraNesu niccaM ujjutto mahAmuNI, vihiNA gurupAyamUle jiNavANi so risI ahijjhiuM samADhatto. cautthachaTThaTThamadasamaduvAlasAi vivihe tave pakuvvai. jaha gurUNa taha aNNarAyaNiyasAhUNa viNayaM veyAvaccaM ca maNasA bAyAe kAeNa kuNai. AyAra-goara-viNaya-veNaiya-caraNa-karaNa-jAyAmAyAvatti yo dhammo mahappaNA hajArImalleNa appamatteNa sevio. bhINAsarasAhasammelane maMtitti paeNa vibhUsio esa mahappA. bIkAnera nayare bhInAsarasAhusammelane kucerA nayarammi ya tesi puNIadaMsaNaM putvapuNNeNa mae vi kayaM. visiTThA guNA bhe santA, dantA, dhIrA, vIrA, jiindiyA, gabhIrA, suttatthaviSNU , sudIharadaMsiNo, jiyaparIsahuvasaggA, khantikhamA tavasaccajjavamaddavasaMtosappahANA, ucchRDhasarIrA, sallavihUNA Asi. saMjameNa tavasA ca appANa bhAvemANANa hajArImallamahArAyANa aikantA causaTThIvAsA sAmaNNapajjAyA. paNDiamaraNaM kahaM havI? Auso carimakAlammi akamhA sarIre mahAveyaNA ujjalA durahiAsA jA tesiM paramasaMti parAjeuM sumahaM payattaM kAhIa. tahavi taM parAjiNiuM na sakkA. jayA apaNo nANeNa mahesiNA dehAvasANa jANiaM tayA samaNe nigganthe nigganthIo ya . CO.. . COD ON M ..... ...................................... . Jain E . '
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~ : 126 khAmei, khAmittA puratthAhimuhe saMpaliyaM kaNisaNNe karayalapariggahiaM sirasAvataM matthae aMjali kAUNa evaM bollIa-namothu arihaMtANa bhagavantANa jAva saMpattANa, namo jiNANa jiabhayANa puvviM pi mae guruvarassa antie savve pANAivAe paNyavAe musAvAe adiSNAdA mehuNe pariga kohe pejne dose mAraNe mAyA lohe kalahe anbhaklANe yeNe paraparivAe raiaraI mAyAmose micchAdaMsaNasalle paccakkhAe, iyANi pi ahaM savvaM pANAivAyaM paccakkhAmi jAva micchAdaMsaNasa jAvajI bAe paccasvAmi cavipi AhAra jAvajjIvAe paJcazlAmi maNDamalovagaraNe zarIramma va magAiyamaI vosirAmi evaM saMleNA bhUsaNAbhUsie bhattapANapaDiAikkhie kAlamaNavakakhamANo viharai hajArImallo mahappA. Alokante samAhipate kAlamAse kAlaM kicyA sama pakSI hajArImallo mahArAja. mahArAyo bAlI taha mahara mIsImalo doNi vi munivarehiM veyAvaccaM kathaM agilAyamArohi. erisaM maraNa jIvo garuyapuNNehiM lahai. taha erisANa mahAga veyAvacca pi aipuNNehiM kIrai jIveNa. jattha vi bhavanto atthi majjhammi araguggahaM kuNautti me patthaNA asthi. cira navIna hai yAda tumhArI praNamya ! Apa mAnavarUpa meM bhI devatva ke pratIka the. pIr3ita mAnavatA ke kalyANArtha ApakA tyAga, utsarga va cintana thA. ApakA divya saMdeza, Apake sAragarbhita upadeza, mAnava mAtra kA sadA sarvadA mArgadarzana kara use jIvana meM saphalatA evaM zreSThatA kI ora agrasara karate raheMge. gurudeva ! yadyapi aba Apa hamAre madhya nahIM haiM, tathApi ApakI tejasvI mUrata, usa para avatarita zAnti evaM saumyabhAva, kI jhalaka tathA ApakI vicakSaNatA, smRti rUpa meM sadA hI hamAre hRdaya paTala para cirasthAyI rahegI ! pUjyatama ! isa tuccha dAsa kI antarmana se arpita bhAvAMjali hai ! zraddheya puruSa zrI rekhacanda pArakha ! AzISa do. muni zrI candrajI 'bhramaNa' ve hi hajArI munIza aho ! apanA kara / jalA kara // dRDhA kara / harSita ho muni haMsa kalA ura meM jAgarUka ho jagajjAla ko ahA ! rI-ti, nIti, maryAda, jinezvara dharma manmatha ko mada mAra pAra karike bhava sAgara || labdha- pratiSTha nija iSTa pe pahudhAre jo pekhalo / jIvana su-dhanya ko nAma zubha, AdyAkSara meM dekhalo || saMyamaniSTha vijJAnagariSTha, variSTha mahA, nija iSTa piyAre / ziSTa acAra, vicAra baliSTha su- labdhapratiSTha, mahAmativAre / miSTha girA, karaNI utkRSTa ru kliSTa parISaha ke sahanAre / ve hi hajArI munIza aho ! kavi bAla kahe suraloka sidhAre / zrIbAkhArAma, kavi-kiMkara' navIna samarpaNa kyA ? jo samarpita ho cuke haiM, una puSpoM se arcana kyA ? jo bhAva caraNa meM pahu~ca cuke, una bhAvoM kA arpaNa kyA ? khile kusuma, vahA~ madhukara pahu~ce, AzcaryAnvita sarjana kyA ? bhAskara camakA, kamala khile to, yaha bhArI parivartana kyA ? tridhArAe~ milIM, tIrtha kA, nUtana phira parikalpana kyA ? jahA~ samarpita hRdaya huA vahA~, guNagaurava kA jalpana kyA ? ratnatraya hI jIvana jisakA, usa munivara kA varNana kyA ? sahasraguNAnvita samta 'hajArI' 'kumuda' navIna samarpaNa kyA? zrI saubhAgya muni 'kumuda'
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________________ 130 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya zrIhajArImala-munInAm Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Qi Zhou You Fei Ye Wu Ran Shu Rong Huo Tiao Ran Tiao Ran gAtuM guNAnadya pravRttAH, zrI hajArImala munInAm / vandyacaraNAnAM varANAm, marudharAmAnasamaNInAm / kIdRzI pratibhA prabhA''sIt, kIdRzI prakRtiH kRtirvA / kIdRzI zAntizca dAntiH, kIdRzI bhaNitiH bhatirvA / mantripadavImAdadhAnAH, ye'bhraman bahujanahitAya / sadayahRdayAH mahAtmAnaH, kevalaM svAntaHsukhAya / manasi manasi virAjate, puNyasmRtiH sadguNakhanInAm / gAtuM guNAnadya pravRttAH, zrIhajArImala-munInAm / mohamamatAmuktikAmAH, vayasi pathame prAvrajanye / siddhajorAvaramalAnAm, shissytaamaaynngnnye| tyAgasImAnaM vilaMdhya, satya tattvAnveSaNAya / ye samAjAnnAbhiceluH, lokavipadAmanubhavAya / poSakAH paramA abhUvan, sAdhu munijanajIvanInAm / gAtuM guNAnadya pravRttAH, zrI hajArImala-munInAm / vyathitahRdayAkRSTa-kedAreSu bhAvAn yAnabhAvAn / ye'vapannupadezakAle, pravacanAnpriprabhAvAn / bhakta-mAnasa-mandireSu, sAdhanAsnigdhAM vidigdhAm / jJAnadIpAliM mahAnto'jvAlayanmahasAbhimugdhAm / ataste netRtvamApuH, pariSadAM pathadarzinInAm / gAtuM guNAnadya pravRttAH, zrI hajArImalamunInAm / dUrametyA'pi svamAtuH, nedIyAMso ye'bhijAtAH / ekamutsaMgaM vimucya, hyanekAGkazriyo jaataaH| vyaktigatavAtsalyavimukhA, prAptavatsalatAbdhi dhArAH / sImitAzAvaMcitA api, ye samAzA hRdayahArAH / Jain ducation arermatyTA 1 o Private & Personale Vjainelibraly.org
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~ : 131 bhavana-bhUmIviladhyApi, mahitanijajanmA'vanInAm / gAtuM guNAnadya pravRttA, zrIhajArImalamunInAm / 14 svajananIjaladAnadInAH, adhvapatitAM pAyayantaH / lokamAtaramambu sutavat, kASThapAtraM riktayantaH / XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX% evamAsta udAttacaritaM, sRtivyathAcintAmaNInAm / gAtuM guNAnadya pravRttAH, zrI hajArImalamunInAm / 15 vepamAne vapuSi kambalamakSipanye'paricitasya / zItazI) tanumapekSyApyAtmanaH karuNAditasya / 17 rodanAtika dhAvanAjjIvanasamasyAH samAdheyAH / bhIta ! bhavitArastadartham, pratna prayatnA anuvidheyaaH| 18 jIvitaM saMgharSanikaSe, nikaSitaM tAvaccakAsti / sahantAM duHkhAni sukhavat, no sukhaM dharmavinA'sti / 20 karatalIkRtakAntizAnti, sAntvanAmRtadohanInAm / gAtuM guNAnadya pravRttAH, zrI hajArImalamunInAm / ajitaM zramazobhi bhUyAt, janaH satyaH satyasandhaH / sAmpradAyikatAsu na syAdanyadharmavirodhagandhaH / 22 21 ekadA'syAM siMhapAlau, munivaraiH mIrA padAni / satyaM smarAmyanurAgibhimayA gItAni zrutAni / adbhutA hRdudAratA, dhRtadoSa sikatAmArjanInAm / gAtuM guNAnadya pravRttAH, zrI hajArImalamunInAm / 23 24 no gabhIrA dArzanikatA, sUkSmatA vA'dhyAtmapathagA: / teSAmabhavandezanAyAm, rItayaH saralAzca subhagAH / samAdhAnaM saMzayAnAm, svayamabhUjjanasaMcitAnAm / teSAM purastAdasama bhavyavyaktitAnuprANitAnAm / Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only
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________________ 132 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya 25 Kao Zhao Zhuang Zhou Chao De Di Ni Lian Ban Ye Jin Wei Jian Di Gou Zhi sAzrunetra smarati mUrtInAM, naraH santoSiNInAm / gAtuM guNAnadya pravRttAH, zrIhajArImalamunInAm / 27 kIrtyakAmAH nItyavAmAH, shissyvaadvirodhmnyaaH| svapramAdasvIkRtau ye, mahArAjAH prathamagaNyAH / AcArya zrImaNizaMkarajI dvivedI, priMsipala, gavarnameMTa saMskRta kaoNleja, jodhapura 26 nAmalobho mAnamoho, no kadA sphuratAM sudhISu / dambhahInA karmaniSThA, jAgarIdiyamagraNISu / 28 saralaprakRtInAM vidheyAH, sadA pitRvatpAlanInAm / gAtuM guNAnadya pravRttAH, zrIhajArImalamunInAm / saddhaMjalI thero muNI cattasayAtisallo so eriso Asi hajArimallo / gohamavaNNo ya palambahattho, pasatthavayaNo avi dIhakAo / jo baMbhacereNa taveNa ditto, so eriso zrAsi hajArimallo // 1 // vANIe kiM pAsi ? khu tassa saccaM, phuDavAiao zrAsi muNI mahappA / / jhANe Nimaggo ya rao guNesu, so eriso zrAsi hajArimallo // 2 // payaIpasanto danto gahIro, uvAsago jo u ahiMsayAe / parokyArAya gahIyadeho, so eriso zrAsi hjaarimllo|| 3 // ke ke jiyA teNa mahAnareNa ? caukkasAyA mayamohasattU / maNeNa kAeNa girAi gutto, so eriso Asi hajArimallo // 4 // sarovarA santa-balAhayA ya, rukkhA tahA hunti parassa aTThA / abheyabhAveNa rovayAre, so eriso Asi hajArimallo // 5 // maNaM mahAbhImahayaM vasammi, kiccA jiyAI jeNi diyAI / niuNAsavArubva jo abiIyo, so eriso Asi hajArimallo // 6 // jayA caummAsakae payaTTo, 'karAci' nayaraM tu tayA sa diho / na bhullai ajja vi tassa vattA, so eriso Asi hajArimallo // 7 // thirIkaraNaniuNo hottha jo asthirANaM, samAhANakusalo prAsi jo saMkiyANaM / sayalavAyapauNo hosi jo vAiyANaM, paramaharisajaNago jo abhU sajjaNANaM // 8 // je jei jujjhammi sahassavIre, sUro na so vieNujaNehiM sittttho| jiyakAmamallo ya sayA nisallo, thero muNI Asi hajArimallo // 6 // zrIpuppha bhikkhU TAS LALAM VA WIvowwwwwww 10101010101010 ololololololol idiolooloil NIMAITHHTHHIP Jain Education Inter diese P )
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________________ vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~ : 133 pUjyavaro jayaH 1-sugaNa-vRda-vibhUSita-bhAvanaH, sujanatA-janatA-jaya-jIvanaH / muni-patiH sumatiH zama-saMcayaH, jayatu pUjyavaro bhuvane jayaH / 2-sUvitatA bhuvi yasya virAgatA, suvihitA bhuvi yena vishaaltaa| sa muni-maDala-mohana-mUrtikaH, jayatu pUjya-varo bhuvane jayaH / 3-saralatA-zucitA-saritA-patiH, madhuratA-mRdutA-guNa-saMtatiH / manana-vAcana-saMskRta-vAGmayaH, jayatu pUjyavaro bhuvane jayaH / 4-ripuSa mAra-mamatva-madAdiSu, jaya-mavApya nijaM 'jaya'-nAmakam / prakaTitaM kRtamatra hi yena saH, jayatu pUjya-baro bhuvane jayaH / 5-smaraNato hRdi yasya mahAmuneH, laghutaro'pi suyAti sugauravam / sa jina-zAsana-sammata-saMyamaH, jayatu pUjya-varo bhuvane jayaH / 6-zAntaH sadA yo muni-mAnanIyaH,zrImAn hajArImala-mAnya-bhAgaH / tatsevako'sau muni 'mizrimallaH', vyarIracat padya-supuMja-metat / racayitA zrImadhukaramuniH gurudevazrIjorAvaramalla-munIzvarANAM paricaya: 1-mAravAr3e mahAdeze, 'mer3atA'-maNDale zabhe / prasiddho 'lAMbiyAM' grAmaH, AsIddharma-vidAM khaniH / 2-zrAvako nyavasattatra, 'mohanadAsa'-saMjJakaH / mahatA-vaMzajo dhImAn, dRDha-dharmA guNa-priyaH / / 3-mahimAnaM sutanvantI patyuH pita-kulasya ca / saMjAtA 'mahimA' devI, tasya jAyA zubhAzayA / / 4-jaya-stambhaH sudharmasya, jayo mukti-pthaathinaam|| 'jayamallo''bhavattasyAH, putraH saMgha-dhvajA-dharaH / / 5-sa dvAviMzati-varSIyAn, nUtanA''rabdha-yauvanaH / pariNinye priyAM 'lakSmI', lakSmImiva manoharAm / / 6-SaNmAsAnaMtara zrImAn Agato mer3atA-pure / vANijyAya, caturdazyAM, kArtikyAM daivayogataH / / 7-sArddha sahacaraistatra, tena dharma-hRdA kila / vyAkhyAnaM' bhUdhara' muneH zrutaM zIla-prazaMsanam // 8-'sudarzana'-kathAM zrutvA, jAto bhoga-viraktimAn / tyaktvA mohaM sva-baMdhUnAM, dIkSAmaMgIcakAra saH / / 9-tapasvI jJAnavAn zAntaH ugraH saMyama-pAlane / tattaddeze vihRtyA'sau jina-dharmamupAdizat / / -ASoDaza-samA dhIra: tapa ekAntaraM vyadhAt / paJcAzadvarSa-paryantaM naivA''sevata saMstaram / / 11-'bIkAnera': sudurgamya AsIt sthAnakavAsinAm / tatra gatvA mahAkaSTaH, zrAvakAn samabodhayat / / ____JainEdkic . .oro "..
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________________ Ban Jiang Ye Fei Su Meng Di Ye Ye Le Qi Jiang Man Man Luo Luo Luo Luo Rong Ye 134 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya 12-tatra saMyaminAM pUjA, punarasthApayan muniH / prasiddhastasya nAmnA'yaM saMpradAyo varo'bhavat / / 13-saptati-varSa-paryataM, dhRtvA khalu susaMyamam / dyotayitvA mUnedharma bodhayitvA bahan janAn / 14-varSe hi baikrame yoge, vauNa "siddhayeka'-saMyate / nara-siMha-caturdazyAM, devAlayamagAjjayaH / / 15-tasya paTTe mahAmAnyo, 'rAyacaMdro' munIzvaraH / saMgha-ilAdhyo guNIto, jAto pUjyaH priya-vrataH / / 16-tasya paTTe sudhI-mAnye, bhavye dharma-dhurA-dhare / 'pAsakoM' mahAbhAgaH, AsIt pUjyaH prabhA-paraH / / 17--ziSyastasya guNarADhyaH, 'budhamalla'-muniH sudhIH / garo bhaktau sadA lInaH, AsIt zAnti-sudhAkaraH / / 18-phakIracandra' ityAkhyaH, tasya ziSyo mahAyazAH / AsIddharma-vizeSajJo, vAdI vAda-jayI vratI / / 16-zAstrArtha-kauzalaM tasya, daSTvA tarka-vitarkaNam / manye deva-gurubibhyana, pUrvameva divaM gataH / / 20-saMyutaH SoDazaH ziSyaiH, babhau mAnyo muunistthaa| yathA bhAti kalA-kAnta: pUrNimAyAM tithau vidhaH / / 21-'lADana'-nagare gatvA, terahapaMthino bahUn / sthAnakavAsi-saddha meM sthApayat muni-pugava: / / 22-terahapanthibhiH sArddha, zAstrArthaM kRtavAn muniH / vidvatsaMsadi lebhe ca vijayaM dharma-yazaskaram / / 23-vihRtyA'nekadezeSa, kRtvA dharma-pracAraNam / dharma-deva-padaM svIyaM, kRtArthaM kRtavAniha // . 24-tasya ziSyo yazaHzAlI, tejasvI viduSAMvaraH / zrI 'jorAvaramallo'bhUt, medinyAM muni-pugavaH / / 25-janmanA'laMkRtastena, sugrAmaH 'sihu'-sajJakaH / dhana-dhAnyAdi-saMpannaH sarva-prANi-sukhAvahaH / / 26-kavayazcAraNAstatra, vasanti stuti-pAThakAH / yebhyo grAmaH prasannena, rAjJA dattaH prasAdataH / / 27-pAsIttatra mahAbhAgaH, osavAla-kulodbhavaH / 'botharA'-jAti-zRgAraH, zrIpatiH sukha-santatiH / / 28-udAro nIti-niSNAto, dInArthibhyaH sura-dra maH / Rddhi-karaNa ityAkhyaH RddhidhArI vaNigvaraH / / 26-dInA janA yamAzritya, babhUvurbuddhi-zAlinaH / Rddhi-karaNa ityAkhyA, tasyAnvarthamupAgamat / / 30-manyantesma janAstatra, zreSTha taM paramaM janam / prAsId bandhuH sa sarvaSAM, pitA bhrAtA sahAyakaH / / 31-nimagnA dharma-kAryeSa, saMmagnA pati-sevane / amagnA moha-mAyAyAM 'magnA' tasya priyA'bhavat / / Jainledande Por private & Personal use only
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________________ HERERNMENKARRRRRRERNEKRIR vibhinna lekhaka : saMsmaraNa aura zraddhAMjaliyA~ : 135 32-dravyA-lokA--bhU-khyAte, zubhe vaikrama-vatsare / akSayAyAM tRtIyAyAM, zreSThe zubha-muharttake / 33-pUrva digiva bhAsvaMtaM, bhAskaraM sutamApa sA / tejasvinA suputreNa, didIpe ca tayorgaham / / 34-zrI riddhakaraNAdAsana, pratikalAstu ye janAH / prabhAvAbAlakasyAsya, premNA prAptAH subandhutAm / / 35-bAlakasya prabhAvaM taM, saMvIkSya pitarau mudA / jorAvaramaletyAkhyAM cakratUstasya harSitau / / 36-bAlye'pi tasya sadvRttiM, ruciM dharme vilokya ca / Ucire bahavo vRddhAH, 'ayaM yogI bhaviSyati' / 37-tAte divaMgate zIghra vANI satyA babhUva saa| jananyA saha bAlaH saH, jaina-yogI babhUva yat / / 38-vedA -bdhi-nidhi-zItAMza'-mite vaikrm-vtsre| svIya-janma-tithAveva, nAgaura-nagare vare / / 36-jananyA sArddhamAdRtya, nirgrantha-vratamuttamam / 'phakIracandra'-ziSyo'bhUt, bAlo jorAbarastadA / / 40-guroriva gurostasya, zAstrajJasya prasAdataH / svalpenaiva sa kAlena, pANDityaM paramaM gataH // 41-vyAkRtAvAgame tarke, sAhitye gaNite zrute / nigraMthAnAM samAcAryAM tathotsargApavAdayoH // 42-vyAkhyAne dharma-cintAyAM, zrIsaGgasyAnuzAsane / pATavaM paramaM lebhe, sarva-tantra-svatantratAm / / 43-prAkRtau vyAkRtau sAkSAt, bhAsvaMtaM bhAskaraM bhuvi / abhiSicya nije paTTe, gurugu rogRhaM gataH / / 44-jorAvaro manirdIpyana, jaina-zAsana-bhAskaraH / unninISuH samAja svaM, rebhe dharma-prabhAvanAm // 45-azlIlAni kugItAni, gAyantisma kulAMganAH / ucchiSTaM bhojayanti sma, aspRzyAn gahiNo mahe // 46-vezyA-natyaM tathA rAtrau, bhojanaM jina-miSu / vilokya hRdayaM tasya, duHkhaM lebhe paraM yataH / / 47-nyaSedhayan manistAstAH, kurUDhI: svaprabhAvataH / yAni nindyAni kAryANi, tAni sarvANyabhartsayat / / 48-bAla-vRddha-vivAhAdIn kanyAnAM vikrayaM tathA / mRtyu-bhoja, mahAtmA'sau, vyAkhyAneSvanindayat // 46-yadA lokaH kurItyAdIna, tyaktvA zuddho bhaviSyati / tadeva jina-dharmasya, sthApanA saMbhavA sthiraa|| 50-ityevaM manyamAno'sau, nIti-zAstrasya dezanAm / sArddha dharmopadezena satataM kRtavAn muniH / / CECTES Jain Pluton int Airww.anelibery.org
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________________ Kao Zhu Cha Qi Cha Cha Cha Qi Cha Qiu Cha Dai Lu Dai Lian Ban Zhuang Lu 136 muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya 51-mithyA-jJAna-tamo-vyAptAna,vIkSya sAmAjikAna nijAn / suvidyAyAH pracArAya,prayatnaM pracuraM vyadhAt / / 52-'kucerA'-khya-zubhe grAme, munestasya prabhAvataH / sthApito 'jJAna-bhaMDAro' jijJAsubhyo hitAvahaH / / 53-sAdhavaH zrAvakAzcApi, ziSyAstasya gaNA''grahAH / abhavan bahavo yogyA: zraddhAvanto dRDhA vrate // 54-aneke mAnavAstasya pAveM dIkSArthamAgatAH / parantu teSu ye yogyAH, tena ta eva dIkSitAH // 55-bANa'-siddhacaMka-bhU-varSe vaizAkhe ca mahAmuniH / grAme'tiSThan 'kucerAkhye', saziSyo viharan marau / / 56-roga-saMkrAnta-deho'bhUt, tatra karma-prabhAvataH / vaidya zcikitsito'nekaiH svAsthyaM naiva yadA''gamat / / 57-bIkAnerAt samAhUtaH suvaidyazcandrazekharaH / tena svAsthyaM munirlebhe, modaM zrIsaMgha prAptavAn / 58-zreSThimohana-mallena, kRtabhUrivyayena c| bhUri-bhUri-prasannena, sva-guroH svAsthya-lAbhataH / / 56-grAme'tidurlabhaM dRSTvA, bhaiSajyAdi-sahAyatAm / guroH saMsmaraNAyava sthApita auSadhAlayaH / / 60-dharma-prabhAvanAM kurvan, bhAvayan zubha-bhAvanAm / biharannekadA so hi grAmaM bhaMvAla' mAgataH // 61-tatrA'kasmAdabhUddevaH pakSAghAtena pIDitaH / sA vyathA tasya saMjAtA jIvitasya vinAzinI // 62-dravya-siddhi-nidhi-kSoNI-mite vaikrama-vatsare / sitAyAM jyeSTha-turyAyAM, tithau pUrNa-samAdhitaH / / 63-dvicatvAriMzadabdAn hi pAlayitvA muneva'tam / dharma-dhyAna-manAH zIghra svargavAsI babhUva saH // 64-tasyA'dhunA trayaH ziSyA:, saccaritrA jana-priyAH / viharanti marau deze,bhAnti zAntAzca maanitaaH|| / / 65-zrImAn hajArimallo'sti, sanmuniH sarala: priyaH / vizuddho bahiraMtazca, priya-dharmA guNAkaraH / / 66-'vrajalAla'-muninityaM sevA-dharma-parAyaNaH / sahiSNugaNitA'bhyAsI, bhAti sundara-lekhakaH / / 67-mizrImallastRtIyo'yaM, madhukaropanAmakaH / etatpadyaugha-nirmAtA vibhAti pratibhA-yutaH / / 68-gurorjorAvarasyaite, trayaH ziSyAstrayIva ye| tripadIM ca pradIpyantaH saMgha-sevAM prakurvate / / racayitA-zrImadhukara muniH 1. zrIyuta pUjya gurudevapAdAnAM hajArImalla munIzvarANAM jIvitAvasthAyAM kRteyaM racanA. Jain Edua) za MCelibry.org
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________________ AcAryazrI jayamallajI ma. gRhastha-jIvana kA rahasya batAte hue. pIche zrIrAyacandrajI mahArAja jo isa sampradAya ke dvitIya AcArya hae. svAmI zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja yuvAvasthA meM.
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________________ likhita eka namUnA / AcAryazrI jayamallajI mahArAja kA zAstra-lipimeM nArakozAsArathakAdikSaNadisAmArakonasadhyAnAdhyApaka hivaDayAdalAnArakIbAjInAjAcAthIpAcIhI sAtamInArakA saMdhisAnAnArakAdhakIsAtamAnarakAzSiNadisInArakIsasabyAnagulAdhikahivesAtamImarakanAdiyAvimAnAnAskIkonAjI vikSisInAnArakAvyAnaguNA'dhakamaasIthIyocamIekcodhIpavanAjIravabIjIepahilInArakAnAjIvavidisInA sadhyAna guNA katedayakIehilInArakAnAjIvadhidisithakIdipaladisInAnArakImadhyAtamukha madhikaimamA teInArakIyakApahilInarakanamjIvaghaNAvali vasavanayatIsarvayomApurvayanajJAnimanekimanarAdhoDA tevagapanI'mayokAztedakIutaradimIJcasadhyAnaguNA'bhakatenavakhaghaNAlemATeMcyApalI rAjanImAkSitatedavakIdiSaNadisAyasaMdhyAnarANAdhikanenaraNIlavaNAghaashamasuhivAgAvyataravatAzvIdesIyomAjelamalI mikAkahalatemATekahanumakAma'vyatarathAmAvara neldhakIpavimadisAvimedhAdhika nemyAnalIyavimadimIhajArajeojananIzrAhamImahAvijaya nepatalIhIbamonidAnevANavyataradevatAkviDaztedayakInaradimAvimeyanesyAmA jesaNIzsamyAnaguNAnagarabAnihAvanAvivara AarasniNakAravaradisAdhaNAbaraleldhakIdighaNadisivimedhAdhikatamyamaNI tedighaNadisAkRSThanapaSIupajebaneNakArAyaNAasvahive jotakIdevanAsarvayomAnApurvamadhyabimadimI nespAsalAjevamAsayanArAjadhyAnAbacemAmayanAdIyA nemaNInihAyomAhAraasasnemATe thoDAbara neldhakI dikSaNadisAviSayadhikAtihAkAnayavAupajabajesaraNIdivAdisAjonakIdenAakSikA tehathakImataradisAnimeSAdi kosyAkSaNItihAM mAnasarovaranAmAvalAjonakAnAvimAnakaDAdeSAnanidANAdikakarInaUyajAkhajikAraNajonakIdevatAutaradimA ghAnaca dive sudhAIsANasamainakumAra madivaevyAArasudevalokanAdevanAsarvadhokAnopurvasaneyanimadimAnesvAnalIpurvapacimadisIyAvAli kAsivadhavimANalAjesaNIyamAnemakIraTisImasAlagaNAsanikAjeTamaNIkAkaraNAvimogaNamAghalAunadakSakA vikaNadisAvidhikAjehasaNIsanayaghAyaNAjavAmATe niNakAraNAedhyAridevaloka diyaNadisIghamassmajANivAMva vAletirAsakara saMsArakyAridevalokasarvathomAtopurvapanimAradisatihapakaviNadimAvasaMkhyAtguNAte kimajedamaNIdiyaNadisIlivakRSThayadhIyatedhaNAyaje nikhakAraNadiSayAdisAyaNAva ANatapaNatayAraNazpazyAridevalokaJcanayamavanavagrIvegapAvalovaravimA gaecyAra disIsarAbAjANivA dAmamuSyauyajasa'nilAkAraNAsarAvAANidAvahivAsiMhasarvadhokAnorikSaNaTimIsabharakSisAnakIpuvedisIsadhyAtguNAlespAmA kSetramozatIrthakarakevalAnoavisyaNAtehadhakAdhinamadisAkSiyadhikAkimahajArajojanamAvijayamonivhAmanuSyadhayAnamA sanakSikSaNa narasiSicanAhamAlamoTasiyokAyurvecimamAhAvidehavedhamoTArasiddhImamukhyapaNAmokSajAyaba nirAkAralaghaNAtisamalijaimasakara For Pavale & Personal Use Only zAstralipi kA namUnA / svAmIjI dvArA prAraMbhika avasthA meM likhita matAjiyavanA nAtiyAnA jitanADAdA jIvanAsvAmInizrIzrI LaRaef aagjndaayme| rAmajatinArAjarAsAdasvAlivijAgama hane manAlA divA anAstaniva-mAraharAkA svadikAgAMvAna ranAananinona tikavyAsapUrNa sadamA kartavavazvavakkeivAvar3ayo baradAzatateta sya mukAmavatajivanasAkibAjA naburAmako baravatakare parajivakikatAvamadamA vAvRdayakSatA najarameSTInamAlavalezanAlayakomotIkriyevilAsa jamakara satanAnAjavatA janmanarIktAsanata: tozvAsa atonakarAjayovAMbAzko sveda jati mojA viramAnInAkSAyanama: kahatamovAmA losa natAlevATaleta. sunAva nAma cayana gyAnana zavAsanamazkora nAvAsadIdamAnAyamenAraganAyanamaH asatAnA mAnA jAvakArarI kalyA lAmojadinavAgatayamemAlAke virAvaNa mAstInI zrImaMda
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________________ svAmIjI ke gurudeva zrIjorAvaramalajI mahArAja gurudeva ke tIna ziSya kramaza : 1 muni madhukarajI 2 svAmIjI 3 zrI brajalAlajI
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________________ svargavAsa ke pazcAt vimAna kI taiyArI. antima saMskAra ke lie prasthAna. bar3A kASTha-paTTa jisapara saMlekhanA grahaNa kI. svAmIjI kA kASTha-pAtra svAdhyAya-pustaka tathA yaSTikA svAmIjI ke do upanetra Jain Education Intematonal :
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________________ Jain Education Intemational AcAryazrIjayamalajIvaMzAvalI LY prathama AcArya zrIjayamala jI (ziSya51) upalabdhanAma 14 narasiMhajI ma. zrIbrajapAla sIma. zrI govindajI ma. zrI pRthvIcada jIma zrI goradhana jIma zrI udayajI ma.TI kezava jI mIrupabaddha jIma- bhAbhovajI ma. 1 zrI gajojIma. zrI ajayapAla jI ma. pIamIcaMda jI ma. zrI samarasI jIma mIvIrabhAnajIma / zrImeNasIjImIkezavajIma mITokarasIma. zrImakanamalajImazrI niradamAnajI dvitIya AcArya zrI rAyacandajI ma. zrIgumAnacaMda jI ma. zrI dIpacaMda joma tRtIya AcAryazrI AsakaraNamIma zrIkuzAlacaMdajIma. zrIdhanarUpajI ma zrIsatIdAsajIma. zrIjasasmajIma zrImanarUpajI ma. zrI tArAbajIma zrIsUratarAmajI mI zivabAsajImaH | zrI TIkamacaMda jIma zrI rAdhamalajI ma. zrI hIrAcaMda jI mazrI nagarAjajI ma. zrIkapUracaMdajI ma. zrIsabaladAsajIma. zrIbakarAjajI ma. zrI hIrAnaMdanI / zrI zobhAcandrajIma zrIcauthamala jI, zrI narasiMhajI ma., zrI mUlamunijI zrIvIracaMdajI ma; zrIvinayacandrajI, zrItArAcaMda jI, zrIdhunIlAlajI zrIcandanamalajI zrI pUnamacaMdajI zrIbhagavAnadAsajIma, zrIbAdaramalajIma, zrI zivadAsajIma, zrIkanIrAmajI ma, zrImukanadAsajI boharAvabaMda jI, zrIdayAcaMdajIma zrI bhUrajamala.jIma zrIbhAnIrAmajI ma zrIvRddhivaMda jI ma., zrIpRthvIdhaMdajImaH, zrIkarmacada jIbhazrI himmatamala bhIma rajI ma. zrIsantodhamalajImaH, zrI bhaNezamalajIma zrIbhAramalajI, zrI rAjamala jIma-zrInyamalajI ma. zrI hastImala jI ma. * zrIrAmacandra jIma zrI bagAvara malajIma- LzrI prasannacandajIma. zrI lAlacaMdajI ma. zrIcauyamala jI ma zrIcAMdamala jIma,zrI rUpacaMda jIma, zrI jItamalajI ma. zrImUlacaMdajI ma. zrIlakSmaNajI mA, mI uttamacandajI ma. zrI maMgalacaMdajI ma. bhI zubhacanda jIma, zrI pArasamala jI ma. zrI ratanamuni zrIsamamalajI ma. zrI bhIvarAja jI ma. zrImaganamalajI ma. zrI ghoTamalajIma. zrI rAvatamala jImazrI kizana jI ma., zrIkalyANajI ma., zrI kistUracaMdajI, zrI kIratamalajI ma. zrI pIracaMbajI ma. zrI kamalajI ma. 1zrIparatApamalajI ma; zrI mohana rAjIma- zrImUlacaMda jIbha. zrI bhIkhamacanda mIma. zrI phakIracandra jI ma. bhI rupalAlajIma, zrIparama surabajIbha zrIgaNezAmAlakI zrI siremalIma, zrInArAyaNadAsajIma; zrI mUlacaMdajIma, zrI jorAvaramala jIma,bIdaulatarAmajI, zrI zivadhaMda jI zrIvAda malaz2Ima, zrIdhanarAjajImA zrI hajArImalajI ma., zrI brajalAlajI ma., zrI mizrImala jI ma. -zrImanasukhajImA, zrIkAnamalajI ma. zrIcanamalajI ma. zrI mAMgIlAlajI ma. zrI mohana muni jI zrI pradIpa muni ma. zrI ajita muni ma. zrI sohana muni ma. zrI zravaNa muni ma.
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________________ Jain Education Intemational
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________________ DA. narendra bhAnAvata, ema0 e0, pI-eca. DI, sAhityaratna, hindI-vibhAga rAjasthAna vizvavidyAlaya, jayapura. saMta kavi AcArya jayamallajI : vyaktitva aura kRtitva / bhAratIya vAGmaya kI vATikA ko sajAne-saMvArane kA jitanA adhika zrama aura tapa jaina-sAdhaka manISiyoM ne kiyA hai utanA zAyada hI kisI eka dharmavizeSa ke sAdhakoM ne kiyA ho. kAvya, koza, alaMkAra, jyotiSa, AkhyAna, vaidyaka, itihAsa, rUpaka-sabhI ora ina dRSTisampanna mAliyoM kI dRSTi daur3I hai. inake vistRta loka-jJAna aura agama zAstrIya viveka ne kalA aura vijJAna ke kSetroM meM raMga-viraMge caTakIle phUla khilAye haiM. ye surabhita puSpa apane saundarya se sabako AkarSita karate haiM para rUpa-moha meM nahIM Dubote, apane saurabha se sabako maMtra-mugdha to karate haiM para vilAsa kI nidrA meM nahIM sulAte. ina phUloM kA sAtvika parimala mana ko pavitra, hRdaya ko niSkaluSa aura AtmA ko paramAtmonmukha banAtA hai. hindI sAhitya ke itihAsa kA avagAhana karane para sakheda Azcarya hotA hai ki itihAsa-lekhakoM ne ina phUloM (sAhitya sampadA) kA ucita mUlyAMkana nahIM kiyA. sAhitya ke aitihAsika vikAsakrama meM inake astitva taka kI avamAnanA kI. isa sthiti kA eka kAraNa yaha bhI rahA ki jaina sAhitya upAzrayoM aura mandiroM ke garbha-gRhoM meM prAcIna hastalikhita graMthoM ke rUpa meM lAvArisa sampatti kI taraha asta-vyasta bikharA par3A rahA. na jAne kitane yazasvI sAhityakAra aura bhAvuka bhakta kavi kAla-kavalita ho gaye. dImaka ke grAsa bana gaye ! aba samaya AyA hai ki prAcIna hastalikhita graMthoM kA samyak adhyayana anuzIlana kara hindI-vidvAnoM ke sAmane jaina sAhitya kA prAmANika sarvAMga-sampUrNa itihAsa prastuta kiyA jAya. yoM jaina sAhitya ke itihAsa-lekhana ke sphuTa prayatna yadA-kadA avazya hote rahe. svargIya nAthUrAma 'premI' aura mohanalAla dalIcanda desAI ke prayatna isa dizA meM ullekhanIya haiM. zrIkAmatAprasAda jaina ne bhI idhara 'hindI jaina sAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsa' likhA hai. bIkAnera ke zrIagaracandajI nAhaTA kI lekhanI se kaI ajJAta jaina graMthakAra prakAza meM Aye haiM. para ye sAre prayatna 'UMTa ke muha meM jIrA' jaise haiM. jaina dharma vividha zAkhA-prazAkhAoM meM vibhakta hai. zvetAmbara sthAnakavAsI sampradAya, jainadharma kI aitihAsika evaM sAhityika dRSTi se eka mahattvapUrNa paramparA rahI hai. isa sampradAya meM tapaHpuMja bahumukhI pratibhA-sampanna aneka AcArya aura prabhAvaka kavi hue haiM. digambara sampradAya ke katipaya kaviyoM kA ullekha to idhara ke sAhitya-itihAsa meM huA hai para sthAnakavAsI paramparA ke kaviyoM kA nAmollekha jaina sAhitya ke itihAsagraMthoM taka meM nahIM milatA. yaha sthiti vismayajanaka hI nahIM bhayAvanI bhI hai. hamAre Alocya kavi AcArya jayamallajI kA sambandha isI sthAnakavAsI paramparA se hai. Tu Tu Tu Tu Tu Tu Jain Education Interational
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________________ 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30630300500303 Jain Boost 138 : muni zrIhajArImalajI smRti grantha : adhyAya isa asAdhAraNa kavi-vyaktitva kI gaNanA aba taka ke kisI sAhitya ke itihAsakAra ne nahIM kI. sarvaprathama isa sukumAra kavi-puSpa para 'madhukara kI taraha maMDarAne vAle haiM muni zrI mizrImalajI mahArAja. ' jIvana vRta kavivara jayamallAjI kA janma saM0 1765 bhAdavA sudi 13 ko jodhapura rAjyAntargata mer3atA se jaitAraNa kI ora jAne vAlI sar3aka para avasthita 'lAMbiyA' nAmaka gAMva meM huA. pitA aura mAtA kA nAma kramazaH mohanalAla jI evaM mahimA devI thA. ye samadar3iyA mahatA gotrIya bIsA osavAla the. inake pitA kAmadAra the. bar3e bhAIkA nAma rir3amala thA. 22 varSa kI avasthA meM inakA vivAha rIyAM nivAsI zivakaraNajI mUthA kI suputrI lakSmIdevI ke sAtha huA. dIkSA prasaMga - jayamallajI kI vairAgya bhAvanA sahaja sphUrta thI, vaha Aropita yA vivaza kSaNoM kI pariNati nahIM thI. vyApArI banakara karmakSetra meM utare avazya para vyApAra unakA lakSya nahIM thA. dharma kI ora rujhAna hote hue bhI pAgaloM kI taraha 'usake pIche bhaTake nahIM. saMyoga kI hI bAta thI ki ve apane vyAvasAyika mitroM ke sAtha saudA karane ke lie mer3atA gae. vahAM bAjAra banda dekha anAyAsa hI sthAnakavAsI paramparA ke AcArya zrIdharmadAsajI kI zAkhA ke prazAsaka pUjyapravara bhUdharajI mahArAja kI sevA meM upasthita ho gaye. bhUdharajI mahArAja apane pravacana maiM brahmacarya vrata kI dRr3hatA aura mahattA para seTha sudarzana kA jIvana prasaMga gA-gAkara sunA rahe the. yuvakahRdaya pahalI bAra isa saMyama bhAvanA se abhibhUta huA. ASAr3ha kI prathama dRSTi kA sparza pAkara jhulasI dharatI jisa prakAra harI-bharI ho uThatI hai usI prakAra dharmadezanA ke amRta kA pAna kara jayamalla sAMsArika viSaya-vAsanAoM kI jvAlA ko zAnta kara sakA. ekadama AjIvana brahmacarya vrata aMgIkAra kara liyA para santoSa kahA~ ? vaha to pUrNa sAdhaka banane kI pratijJA kara cukA thA, kaise mer3atA chor3akara calA jAya ? mAM kI mamatA aura pitA kA Akroza, sabase bar3hakara navapariNItA vadhU kA jvAra-bhATe kI taraha uphanatA huA pyAra para saba vyartha ! koI use na roka sakA. patnI dvirAgamana kI taiyArI meM tallIna aura pati zramaNajIvana kI taiyArI meM tatpara - sAdhanA kAla - zrIjayamallajI sAdhanA meM vastra kI taraha kaThora the. vicAroM meM prema aura karttavya kA dvandva nahIM thA. inakI vivAhitA patnI bhI saMyamamArga kI pathikA bana gaI thI. jIvana kA eka hI lakSya thA- Atma-kalyANa. zramaNajIvana meM praveza karate hI ekAntara tapa kI ArAdhanA prArambha ho gaI jo 16 varSa taka nirantara calatI rahI. ye adhyavasAyI hI nahIM athaka adhyetA bhI the. buddhi ke dhanI aura smRti ke cirasahacara the. dIkSA lene ke bAda svalpa samaya meM hI inhoMne 'zramaNa sUtra' kaNThastha kara liyA thA, tabhI to saptAha bhara bAda hI bar3I dIkSA ho gaI. medhA ke camatkAra kA kyA kahanA ? eka hI prahara meM pAMca zAstra kaNThastha kara liye the. dhuna ke pakke the. guru ke prati asIma baDhA thI. jaba bhUdharajI svarga sidhAre sabhI pratijJA kara lI bhI kabhI na leTane kI. 1. inhoMne 'jayavANI' nAma se AcAryazrI kI racanAoM kA saMkalana kiyA hai jo sanmati jJAna pITha, AgarA se prakAzita huA hai. 2. pUjya guNamAlA : zrIcauthamalajI mahArAja, pR0 8. 3. saMvata 1788 jyeSTha zuklA 'pUjya guNamAlA' ke anusAra 4. pUjya dharmadAsajI yugapradhAna AcArya the. inakA janma ahamadAbAda ke pAsa sarakheja gAMva meM jIvana bhAI paTela ke yahA~ saM0 1701 caitra zuklA ekAdazI ko huA thA. saM0 1721 meM ve AcArya bane aura 38 varSa taka dharma pracAra karane ke bAda saM0 1759 meM svargastha hue. jinavANI: sitambara 1960, pR0 228-32. 5. bhUdharajI kA janma saM0 1712 meM huA thA aura mRtyu saM0 1804 meM. ye acche vyAkhyAtA aura saphala dharmapracAraka the. 6. jayamallajI ne saM0 1707 (guNamAlA ke anusAra 1788) kI mArgazIrSa kRSNA dvitIyA ko mer3atA meM dIkSA lI. sAta dinoM ke bAda hI 'bikaraNiyA' gAMva meM inakI bar3I dIkSA huI. 7. eka dina upavAsa eka dina AhAra ke krama ko ekAntara tapa kahate haiM. 8. (1) kappiyA (2) kappavaDaMsiyA (3) puSkriyA (4) puNkacUliyA (5) barihadasA. 6. pAMca sUtra to eka pahara meM par3hakara kaMTho kariyAre' - guNamAlA, pR0 57.
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________________ narendra bhAnAvata : prA0 jayamallajI : vyaktitva-kRtitva : 136 50 varSa (jIvana-paryanta) taka ye leTakara na soye. isa satata jAgarUkatA ne inheM aMtarmukha banAyA aura inakI aMtaSTi ne kAvya kA svarUpa pAyA jo 'svAntaHsukhAya' banakara hI nahIM rahA varan 'parAntaHsukhAya' bhI banA. saM0 1804 meM Asauja sudI 10 zukravAra ko AcArya bhUdharajI kA svargavAsa huA. unakI mRtyu ke bAda ye AcArya' bane. inakA vyaktitva itanA prabhAvazAlI thA ki inakI AkhyA para hI inake sampradAya kA nAmakaraNa ho gayA. lagabhaga 50 varSa taka AcArya avasthA meM dharma-pracAra karate rahe. aMtima varSoM meM ye asvastha rahe. aMta meM saMvat 1853 kI vaizAkha zuklA caturdazI ko nAgaura meM 31 dina ke saMthAre se svargavAsa huA. ziSyasampadA-inake ziSyoM kI saMkhyA 51 thIM zrIrAyacandrajI mahArAja ko inhoMne apanA paTTaghara banAyA inakA sampradAya 'jayamallasampradAya' ke nAma se vikhyAta huA jo Aja bhI pracalita hai. vihArakSetra--jaina santoM kA varSAvAsa ke atirikta eka jagaha Thaharane kA vidhAna nahIM hai. tadanusAra ve ATha mAha taka grAmAnugrAma vicaraNa kara jana-jana ko dharmopadeza dete rahate the. AcArya zrIjayamallajI kA vihArakSetra pradhAnataH rAjasthAna rahA hai. rAjasthAna ke atirikta dillI, AgarA, paMjAba va mAlavA meM bhI vicarate rahe. jana-samparka aura dharma-pracAra-AcArya jayamallajI apane samaya ke pramukha santoM meM se the. inakA sAdhAraNa janatA se lekara rAjavarga taka samparka thA. rAjavargIyoM dvArA AkheTacaryA Adi meM hone vAlI hiMsA se, muni zrI ne apanI sAdhanAsikta ojasvinI vANI dvArA na kevala unheM virata hI kiyA apitu unameM se anekoM ko apanA dRr3ha anuyAyI bhI banA liyA. mahArAjAoM meM jodhapura nareza abhayasiMha jI Apase tathA AcArya bhUdharajI se atyadhika prabhAvita the. jaba ye pIpAr3a meM virAja rahe the taba inakI gaurava-gAthA sunakara mahArAjA ne apane dIvAna ratanasiMha bhaMDArI ko bhejakara (inako) jodhapura padhArane kI vinatI karavAI. jaba Apa jodhapura padhAre taba mahArAjA akele hI darzana ko nahIM Aye varan apanI rAniyoM aura saradAroM ko bhI zAhI ThATa se lAye. yahI nahIM saM0 1791 meM jaba ye dillI virAja rahe the taba jodhapura nareza ne 7 rAjAoM ke sAtha ApakA upadeza zravaNa kiyA. jayapura-nareza to inakI yaza-gAthA se itane adhika prabhAvita hue ki unhoMne zAhajAde ko bhI yaha zubha saMvAda sunAyA. zAhajAde ke hRdaya meM muni-darzana kI icchA balavatI huI. usane darzana kara hiMsA ahiMsA sambandhI kaI prazna kiye aura unakA samucita samAdhAna pAkara niraparAdha prANiyoM kA vadha na karane kI pratijJA kI. jodhapura-nareza ke sAtha hI kavivara karaNIdAnajI ne bhI inake darzana kiye the. jaisalamera meM Apa ke padhArane para vahA~ kucha virodhiyoM ne ApakI mUrti banAkara usa para dhUla uchAlI. yaha samAcAra sunakara Apane muskarA kara kahA-mere karma dhula rahe haiM. rAjA ne apane kile meM inakA sasammAna svAgata kiyA aura sAdhucaryA kI jAnakArI pAkara prasannatA prApta kI. usane apane graMtha-bhaNDAra bhI inheM batalAye. 1. saM0 1805 akSaya tRtIyA ko jodhapura meM ye AcArya bane. 2. ghAsIrAmajI, sUratarAmajI, gajarAjajo, tulasIdAsajI, bagatamalajI, udojI, khemacaMdajI, pRthvIrAjajI zrAdi inake pramukha ziSya the. 3.rAyacadanjI kA janma saM0 1716 meM Asauja sudi 11 jodhapura meM vijayarAjajA dhAlIvAla ke yahAM huA thA. saM0 1814 kI ApAda zuklA 11 ko pIpAr3a zahara meM govarddhaNadAsajI mahArAja se inhoMne dIkSA aMgIkRta kI. saM01868 meM inakA svargavAsa huA. ye bhI AcArya jayamallajI ko taraha pratibhAzAlI kavi the. 4. inakA zAsanakAla saM0 1781 se 1816 taka rahA: jodhapura rAjyakA itihAsa, dvitIya khaNDa-ojhA. 5. pUjyaguNamAlAH cauthamallajI ma0pR060-63. 6. vahI : pR0 66-76. 7. ye kaviyA zAkhA ke cAraNa mevAr3a ke zalavAr3A gAMva ke rahane vAle the. inhoMne 'sUrajaprakAza' nAma kA bar3A graMtha likhA hai jisameM 7500 chaMda haiM. mahArAjA abhayasiMhajI ne inheM lAkhapasAva tathA kavirAjA kI upAdhi dI thI. 8. pUjya guNamAlA : cauthamallajI ma0 : pR082. 1. vahI : pR0 78-81 / Jaininema rotv.janmenerary.org
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________________ RAKERNMKMANKRAMRAA 140 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya .... jayamallajI ne dharmapracAra karate samaya apane naye kSetra bhI banAye. bIkAnera aisA hI eka kSetra thA. Apa kI pahu~ca ke pahale bIkAnera meM sthAnakavAsiyoM kA koI prabhAva nahIM thA. saMbhavataH ye pahale santa the jinhoMne bIkAnera meM jAkara sthAnakavAsI dharma kI jyoti prajvalita kI. isa dharmAbhiyAna meM inheM aneka parISahoM kA sAmanA karanA par3A. bIkAnera jAne para unheM pravezadvAra para hI yaha kaha kara roka liyA gayA bIkAnera hai kSetra jatyoM kA nahIM thAro, paga phera / jAvo jaldI pAchA jisase ho jAso tuma khaira // ' saMta kI maryAdA ke kAraNa ye ulaTe pA~va lauTa par3e aura 'chatarI talAvarI pAla' para eka kuMbhakAra ke yahA~ ATha dina taka rahe. antima dina ApakI zraddhAlu zrAvikA rAmakaMvara bAI ko jaba isa ghaTanA kA patA lagA taba usane pratijJA kI ki "jaba taka pUjyazrI nagara meM padArpaNa nahIM kareMge taba taka maiM anna-jala na lUMgI. usake donoM putroM kA pratidina mAM ke sAtha hI bhojana karane kA niyama thA. mAM ko isa prakAra cintita dekhakara unhoMne tAtkAlika bIkAnera nareza gajasiMhajI se vizeSa AjJApatra pracArita karavA kara pUjyazrI ko nagara meM praveza karAyA. svayaM gajasiMhajI jayamallajI ke dharmopadeza se prabhAvita hue aura unheM eka mAha taka apane mahala meM ThaharAyA. udayapura ke mahArANA rAyasiMhajI (dvitIya) nAgaura ahipura ke rAjA bakhatasiMhajI bhI inake samparka meM Akara prabhAvita hue. kaI ThAkura aura saradAra bhI jayamallajI ke vyaktitva aura cAritrika guNoM se prabhAvita the. pIpAr3a se jodhapura vihAra karate samaya Apa madhyavartI gAMva 'bucakalA' meM Thahare. vahA~ ke ThAkura ke yahA~ gocarI gaye, jahA~ naukara ne manA kara diyA. ye ulaTe pAMva lauTa par3e. ThAkura ko patA calA to usane naukara ko burA-bhalA hI nahIM kahA varan svayaM dina bhara AcAryazrI kI sevA karate hue bhaviSya meM AkheTacaryA na karane kI pratijJA kI. isI prakAra pokaraNa ke ThAkura devIsiMhajI cAMpAvata ko bhI zikAravRtti se vimukha kiyA. devagar3ha ke jazavaMtarAya aura delavAr3A ke rAva raghu inakA upadeza sunakara dharmAnurAgI bane. jayamallajI AgamoM ke viziSTa jJAtA the. eka bAra pIpAr3a meM eka potiyAbaMdha se ApakA zAstrArtha ho gayA. usakA kahanA thA ki isa kAla meM mahAvIra ne munivRtti kA niSedha kiyA hai. Apane bhagavatI sUtra ke AdhAra para zaMkA-samAdhAna kiyA." vyaktitva-jayamallajI kA vyaktitva madhura aura prabhAvazAlI thA. unakI AMkhoM meM teja, svabhAva meM saralatA, hRdaya meM karuNA aura vANI meM oja thA. kaThora se kaThora prANI bhI inake samparka meM Akara karuNAzIla bana jAtA thA. ye sacce arthoM meM 'dharma-patha ke dIpa-staMbha the'. bAdhAoM ko ha~sate hue sahana karanA inakA svabhAva bana gayA thA. 'taponidhi saMyama-zucitA 1. pUjya guNamAlA : pR0 12. 2. inakA zAsanakAla saM0 1802 se 1844 taka rahA. -bIkAnera rAjya kA hatihAsa : pahalA bhAga, pR0 323-58-zrIjhA. 3. pUjya guNamAlA : pR0 61-68. 4. vahI : pR0 103. 5. vahI: pR0 88. 6. vahIM : pR061. 7. vahI : pR0 78. 8. pUjya guNamAlA : pR0 103 6.16 vIM sadI se potiyA baMba kI eka paramparA calI hai. ye zrAvaka hote haiM para sAdhu ke samAna upAzrayoM meM baiThakara zAstra kA paThana-pAThana karate haiM, gharoM se bhikSA lAte haiM, khule sira aura naMge pAMva calate haiM. dekho-potiyAbandha paramparA para eka dRSTi, gajendramuni, jinavANI: agasta 1960, pR0 167-200 10. pUjya guNamAlA: pR058-60 KINATINITIANSINE . mun UARY Mory.org
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________________ narendra bhAnAvata : prA0 jayamallajI: vyaktitva-kRtitva : 141 HTTERTE: sAra' ke rUpa meM 'moha-malla ke prabala vijetA' ko jo zraddhAMjali arpita kI gaI hai vaha solaha AnA ThIka hai ! kAlajayI yaha zUravIra apane Apa meM adbhuta thA. hAtha meM kSamA-khaDga aura zIla-satya kI barachI lekara yaha jJAna ke azva para ArUr3ha thA. kAvya-sAdhanA-AcArya rUpa meM jayamallajI jitane prabhAvaka the, kavi rUpa meM utane hI sahRdaya bhAvuka. inake kavi-vyaktitva meM santakaviyoM kA vidroha aura bhakta-kaviyoM kA samarpaNa eka sAtha dikhAI par3atA hai. samaya kI dRSTi se inakA AvirbhAva rItikAla meM huA. ye hindI ke pramukha rItikAlIna kavi padmAkara ke samakAlIna the. yoM nAgarIdAsa aura cAcA hitavRndAvanadAsa bhI usI samaya rAdhA-kRSNa ke caraNoM meM apanI bhAva-bharI kAvyAMjali samarpita kara rahe the. ThAkura aura bIghA jaise kavi rItimukta hokara eka ora prema kA sAtvika citraNa kara rahe the to dUsarI ora kavirAya giradhara jaise sUktikAra bhI the jo nIti kI bAtoM ko kuMDaliyoM meM gA-gAkara kaha rahe the. kavi jayamalla ne ina saba sUtroM se apanI kavitA kA tAnA-bAnA bunA. hindI sAhitya ke rItikAla (saM0 1700 se 1900) kI yaha pramukha vizeSatA thI ki saMskRta meM kavi aura AcAryoM kA jo alaga-alaga varga thA vaha isa yuga meM Akara eka ho gayA. kavi karma kA sambandha kevala kAvya-racanA se thA, jaba ki AcAryoM kA kAma kevala kAvyagata siddhAntoM kA nirUpaNa karanA thA. aba rIti-yuga meM kavi svayaM AcArya bana gayA. vaha pahale kavitA ke lakSaNa Adi batAkara AcAryadharma kA pAlana karatA, phira usake udAharaNa ke rUpa meM kavi-karma kI pUrti ke lie kavitA racatA. pariNAmataH kAvyadhArA eka nizcita niyama, rIti yA rUr3hi meM ba~dhakara bahane lagI. hamAre Alocya kavi isa prakAra ke tathAkathita 'AcArya' to nahIM bane para unako 'AcArya' kA viruda avazya mila gayA. yaha viruda unakI kAvyArAdhanA kA pratiphala na hokara unakI dharmasAdhanA, saMyama-niSThA aura Agamika jJAna kI gaMbhIratA kA pariNAma thA. kavi jayamallajI rItikAla kI ba~dhI ba~dhAI paripATI meM nahIM cale. unhoMne rItikAla kI uddAma vAsanAtmaka zrRMgAradhArA ko bhaktikAla kI prazAnta sAdhanAtmaka prema-dhArA kI ora mor3A. inhoMne tIrthaMkaroM, satiyoM, viharamAnoM, vratI zrAvakoM Adi ko apanA kAvya-viSaya banAyA. kAvya-racanA-muni 'zrImizrImallajI' madhukara 'ne bar3e parizrama se inakI yatra-tatra bikharI huI racanAoM kA 'jaya-vANI' nAma se saMkalana kiyA hai. isa saMkalana meM Alocya kavi kI 71 racanAe~ saMgrahIta haiM. ina samasta racanAoM ko viSaya kI dRSTi se cAra khaNDoM meM-stuti, sajjhAya, upadezIpada aura carita, carcA-dohAvalI meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai. upAdhyAya amara muni ne isakI carcA karate hue likhA hai--stutikhaNDa meM unhoMne apane ArAdhya devoM ke saMstavana meM apanI bhaktibhAva-bharita anekazaH zraddhAJjaliyAM gumphita kI haiM. 'sajjhAya' khaNDa meM Atma-svAtantrya ke mArga ko prazasta karane vAle aneka gahana cintanoM ko kAvyamayI bhASA meM lipibaddha kiyA gayA hai. isI prakAra 'upadezI pada' nAmaka khaNDa meM aneka Atma-vikAsI evaM mAnavIya naitika dharAtala ko samunnata karane vAle upadeza sahaja-subodha zailI meM prathita kiye haiM. antima khaNDa meM jina mahAn AtmAoM ke pAvana caritoM ko kAvyamRta se siMcita evaM bhAvita kiyA gayA hai, unake jIvanta citra AtmA ko asat se sat kI ora, tama se jyoti kI ora evaM mRtyu se amaratva kI ora le jAne kI apUrva kSamatA rakhate haiM. isI bhAMti isa khaNDa kI carcA evaM dohAvalI bhI jIvana ke aneka utkarSa-vidhAyaka tattvoM se ApUrNa hai'. ina racanAoM ke atirikta bhI AcAryazrI kI aura kaI racanAeM hastalikhita pratiyoM meM bikharI par3I haiM. khoja karate samaya jo atirikta racanAeM hamArI dRSTi meM AI haiM unake nAma isa prakAra haiM(1) candana bAlA kI sajjhAya (2) mRgAlor3hA kI kathA (3) zrImatInI DhAla (4) mallInAthacarita (5) aJjanAno 1. guNagItikA-paM0 zobhAcandrajI bhArilla, pR0 3 2. jayavANo : pR0 6 ('kavi aura kavitA' eka mUlyAkaMna). 3. ye sabhI racanAeM AcArya vinayacandra jJAna-bhaMDAra, jayapura meM saMgrahIta hai. JainEducE wwittainelibrary.org
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________________ KAREMEMMMMMMMMMMMA 142 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya rAsa (6) pA~ca pAMDava caritra (7) kalaMkalI kI DhAla (8) nandana manihAra (8) krodha kI sajjhAya (10) Ananda zrAvaka (11) solaha satI kI sajjhAya va caupaI (12) ajitanAtha stavana (13) durlabha manuSya-janma kI sajjhAya (14) rAvaNavibhISaNa saMvAda (15) ilAyacIputra ko cauDhAliyo (16) nava tattva kI DhAla (17) nava niyANA kI DhAlA (18) dAna-zIla-tapa-bhAvanA sajjhAya (16) mithyA upadeza niSedha sajjhAya (20) laghu sAdhuvandanA (21) vajra purandara cauDhAliyA (22) kuMDarIka-puMDarIka cauDhAliyA (23) surapitA kA dohA (24) rohiNI (25) aMbaDa saMnyAsI (26) karmaphalapada, Adi. kAvya-rUpa aura vastu vyaJjanAH-jainAgamoM meM vAGmaya ke cAra rUpa batAye gaye haiM - (1) dharmakathAnuyoga (2) caraNakaraNAnuyoga (3) gaNitAnuyoga aura (4) dravyAnuyoga. jayamallajI ne sabase adhika prathama anuyoga para hI likhA. yahI rUpa jana-sAdhAraNa ke lie upayogI aura AkarSaka hotA hai. isameM carita-nAyaka kI kathA gA-gAkara vividha rUpoM meM kahI jAtI hai. ye eka prakAra ke kathA-kAvya yA carita-kAvya hote haiM. inake pramukha rUpa laukika chandoM meM racita rAsa, rAso, caupAI, DhAla, cauDhAliyo, carita Adi hote haiM. kavi jayamallajI ne ina sabhI rUpoM meM tIrthaMkaroM, satiyoM, baladeva Adi dhArmika puruSoM kA AkhyAna gAyA hai. dUsare rUpa caraNAnuyoga ko apanAkara unhoMne apane santa kavi kA dAyitva nibhAyA. isameM vyavahAra, sadAcAra aura nIti sambandhI bAtoM kA bolacAla kI bhASA meM mAmika varNana kiyA hai. isa sambandha ke kaI gIta aura stavana stuti-kAvya ke rUpa meM Alocya kavi ne likhe haiM. ina kAvyarUpoM meM stuti, stavana, stotra, sajjhAya, gIta, bIsI, caubIsI, tIsI, battIsI chattIsI, bayAlIsI, Adi kAvya-rUpa pradhAnataH kavi dvArA apanAye gaye haiM. dravyAnuyoga ke rUpa meM kavi ne kama likhA hai. tAttvika siddhAntoM kA nirUpaNa svatantra rUpa meM kama kara kathA ke madhya yathAprasaMga kara diyA gayA hai. yoM daMDaka, kSamA, samyaktva, krodha, pApa, karma, mokSa Adi para sphuTa rUpa meM likhI huI racanAeM milatI haiM. bhAva-vyaanA:-jaisA ki pahale kahA jA cukA hai, santa kavi jayamallajI kI bhAva-dhArA do rUpoM meM vizeSata: bahI haiprabandha aura muktaka. prabandha-rUpa mahAkAvya kI vizadatA nahIM le pAyA. vaha bandhakAvya kI taraha bhI apanA vikAsa na kara sakA. mAtra kathAkAvya banakara raha gayA. usameM itivRtta kA aMza adhika hai. mArmika sthaloM kI pahacAna karane kI kSamatA kavi meM avazya hai para kathA kahane kI adhIratA usameM itanI adhika hai ki vaha mArmika sthaloM para binA virAma kiye hI Age bar3ha jAtA hai. prabandhakAvyoM kI taraha usane kathA ko adhyAya yA sargoM meM vibhAjita nahIM kiyA para DhAloM kI saMkhyA dekara isa abhAva kI pUrti kara dI hai. yahA~ jo prabandhakAvya milate haiM unheM kathA-kAThana kahanA adhika samIcIna hogA. ye kathAe~ Agamasammata haiM. ina sabakA eka hI uddezya hai, vaha hai nirvANaprApti. sAMsArika bhoga-vilAsa se vimukha hokara lokottara Ananda ke lie prAyaH sabhI pAtra pravajyA dhAraNa karate haiM. ina kathAoM meM kAvya-zAstrIya DhaMga kI jo kAryAvasthAeM haiM, unakA kramabaddha svarUpa dekhA jA sakatA hai. Arambha meM jo pAtra hai. vaha rAjagharAne yA kulIna parivAra se sambandhita hai. yoM sAmAnyata: usakA pariveza dhArmika-AdhyAtmika saurabha se pUrNa hai. kabhI-kabhI isase viparIta sthitiyAM bhI dekhane ko milatI haiM. uddezya kI prApti (nirvANa prApti) ke lie 'prayatna' zurU hone ke rUpa meM prAyaH kisI na kisI tIrthaMkara yA munirAja kA usa nagarI vizeSa meM padArpaNa hotA hai. nAyaka ina zubha samAcAroM se prasanna hokara rAjasI ThATa-bATa ke sAtha unheM vandana karane ke lie jAtA hai. ve (tIrthakarAdi) dharmoMpadeza dete haiM aura pUchane para nAyaka ke pUrvabhava kA AkhyAna bhI kahate haiM. apane pUrva janma kI kathA sunakara nAyaka sAMsArika bhayaMkara dukhoM se saMtapta hokara saMyama-dhAraNa karane kA saMkalpa kara letA hai. isa saMkalpa ko sAkAra rUpa dene ke lie nAyaka ko saMgharSa karanA par3atA hai. yaha saMgharSa prAyaH pArivArika hotA hai. kabhI mAtA kI mamatA' use rokatI hai to kabhI 1. (ka) subAhu kumAra kI mAtA use rokatI hai-jayavANI : pR0 211-13 (kha) devakI gajasukumAla ko rokatI hai-jayavANI : pR0 340-41 lAlanapAlanA haOLA LOSS QO769.9 63-TALI 200309 ___Jaikarneshor meme
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________________ narendra bhAnAvata : prA0 jayamallajI : vyaktitva-kRtitva : 143 NE Xian Ban Zhou Tiao Ran Ran Ran Rui Bian Zheng Zheng Cha Qi Zang Huo Lin Zhang Zhang priyatamA kI azrupUrNa AMkheM use saMkalpa se DigAnA cAhatI haiM.' kintu vaha mohapAza ko tor3a kara karttavya-patha para bar3ha jAtA hai. yahI 'prAptyAzA' kI sthiti hai. kabhI-kabhI saMyama-dhAraNa karane kI bhAvanA ko protsAhita karane ke lie pratikUla paristhitiyA~ bhI anukUla bana jAtI haiM. kRSNa, neminAtha ko vivAha ke sUtra meM bA~dhane ke lie athaka prayatna karate haiM. rAjamatI ke sAtha unakA (neminAtha kA) vAgdAna bhI ho jAtA hai. yahI nahIM, neminAtha vivAha karane ke lie dUlhA bana kara, barAta sajAkara, rAjamatI ke prAsAda taka bhI cala dete haiM. para acAnaka paristhiti badalatI hai aura ve bhoja ke lie bandI pazu-pakSiyoM kA kAtara karuNa krandana sunakara toraNa se ulTe pAMva lauTa dIkSA dhAraNa kara lete haiM.2 saMyama lene ke bAda kevala-jJAna prApta hone taka kI sthiti prAptyAzA' se lekara 'niyatApti' taka kI sthiti hai. 'niyatApti' taka pahu~cane ke lie sAdhaka ko kaI prakAra kI kaThina paristhitiyoM (parISahoM) se gujaranA par3atA hai. yadi vaha ina paristhitiyoM se vIra yoddhA kI bhA~ti jUjha sakatA hai to 'phalAgama' nizcita hai. skaMdaka RSi kI unake bahanoI dvArA hI camar3I utaravAI gaI para vaha tanika bhI vicalita nahIM hue. udAI rAjA ne apane putra ko rAjya na dekara bhAgineya kezI ko rAjya diyA aura pravrajyA lI para kezI ne muni udAI ko viSamizrita auSadha dekara maravA DAlA, isa para bhI udAI muni samabhAvI bane rahe.4 meghakumAra ne anya muniyoM ke pairoM kI ThokareM khAI, saMtApa bhI huA para pUrvabhava meM hAthI kI zazaka bacAne kI bhAvanA ne use saMyama meM dRr3ha banA diyA. kArtika seTha ne apanI pITha para khIra kI garama-garama thAla jhelI. gajasukumAla ne khaira ke khIre mastaka para rakhe jAne para bhI dhyAna na chor3A. ye hI ve bAdhAe~ haiM jo sAdhaka ko kasauTI para kasatI haiM. jo isa parIkSA meM kharA utara jAtA hai vaha 'niyatApti' kI sthiti meM pahu~ca jAtA hai. ina kathAoM 1. medhakumAra ko usako ATha rAniyA~ rokatI haiM-jayavANI pR0 374-75 2. bhagavAn neminAtha : pR0 217-228-jayavANI 3. tIkhI pAsaNA nI dhAra, mastaka Upara phAra, sukomala sAtha / tvacA utArI dehanI e // 23 // paga sudhI khAla, to hI rahyA saMyama mAM lAla, sukomala sAdha! nA keI sala ghAlyo nahIM e ||24||-jyvaannii : pR0 308 4. aTaNa karatA AviyA, vaidya akAraja kIyo re / viSa mizrita vastu tikA, munivara pAtra dIpo re // 3 // niradoSaNa jANA thAnaka Aya ne, roga jAvA auSadha khAyo re / jahara pragaTyo vedana huI Ujala, sahI na jAyo re ||4||-jyvaannii:pR0 360 5. koI paraThana jAvejI mAtaro, rAta taNe samaya mAMya jI, kiNa rI Thokara lAgave, koI Upara par3I jAya jI // koI levA jAvejI vAMcaNI, paga tale AgulI Aya jI / paganI raja par3a sAtha re, arati AI mana mAMya jii|| megha0 ||2-jyvaannii: pR0 376 DhAla 13 6. UnI khIra parusane, mora Upara mUkI thAla / seTha mora pheryA nahIM, jina thAla sU upaDyA chAla re // 12 // kaThina parISaha seTha sahyo, jANe ajayaNA thAya // rakhe thAla heTho par3e re, to nAnAjIva mAryA jAya re ||13||-jyvaannii pR0 360-361 7. mastaka pAla bandhI mATI kI, munivara samatA rasa bhariyA / jhaga bhagatA khayara nA khIrA, munivara ne zira dhariyA / / 4 / / khadabada khIca taNI pare sIje, tar3a-tar3a nAsA tuutte|| munivara samatA-bhAva karI ne, lAbha anaMto lUTe ||5||-jyvaannii pR0 348 mm a MEANITARIA W ITYANA TAITAM ullmoy Velibrary.org
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________________ 1111111. 144 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-prantha : prathama adhyAya meM yaha sthiti yA to kevalajJAna kI prApti para nizcita hotI hai yA kisI vimAna (svarga-loka) vizeSa meM pahuMcane para. isake bAda 'phalAgama' ke rUpa meM mukti kI prApti hotI hai jahA~ janma-maraNa kA cakra TUTa jAtA hai. yaha pUrNa AdhyAtmika sthiti hotI hai jahA~ laukikatA kA kiMcit bhI aMza nahIM rahatA. ina kathA-kAvyoM ko par3hane se patA calatA hai ki inakA AdhAra Agama rahe haiM. graMtha para kahIM-kahIM kathAnaka rUr3hiyoM kA prayoga itanA adhika huA hai ki kathA kA mUla-aMza daba-sA gayA hai. saMkSepa meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki kavi jayamallajI ne apane ina kathA kAvyoM meM nimnalikhita pramukha kathAnaka-rUDhiyoM kA prayoga kiyA hai - (1) nAyaka koI rAjA, rAjakumAra yA gAthApati hai. (2) nAyaka ko sAMsArika bhoga ke sabhI-sukha-sAdhana yatheSTa mAtrA meM sulabha haiM. sAmAnyataH usake eka se adhika rAniyA~ haiM. (3) tIrthaMkara bhagavAn yA koI viziSTa munirAja gAmAnugrAma vihAra karate hue usakI nagarI meM padArpaNa karate haiM. (4) nagarI ke pramukha udyAna meM ye munivara Thaharate haiM. (5) nAyaka rAjasI ThATa-bATa ke sAtha saparivAra unheM vandana karane ke lie jAtA hai. (6) tIrthaMkara bhagavAn nAyaka ko dharma-dezanA ke sAtha-sAtha usake pUrvabhava kA vRttAnta sunAte haiM. (7) apane pUrvabhava kA vRttAnta sunakara nAyaka saMsAra se virakta hokara dIkSA lene kA saMkalpa karatA hai aura apane putra ko uttarAdhikAra detA hai. (8) dIkSA ke bhayaMkara kaSToM kA varNana kara nAyaka kI mAtA aura patnI use saMyama se rokane kA prayatna karatI haiM. (8) nAyaka unheM pratibodha dekara dIkSita ho jAtA hai, kabhI-kabhI mAtA-pitA aura patnI taka usake sAtha saMyama grahaNa kara letI hai, (10) sAdhanA-kAla meM nAyaka ko bhayaMkara upasarga aura parISaha sahana karane par3ate haiM. (11) ina kaThinAiyoM meM prAyaH devatA Akara sahAyatA karate haiM para tapasvI sAdhaka apane bala para hI usakA mukAbalA karate haiM. (12) kabhI-kabhI devatA bhI vaikriya rUpa dhAraNa kara nAnA prakAra ke duHkha dekara nAyaka ke saMyama kI parIkSA lete haiM. (13) sAdhanA meM kharA utarane para nAyaka kI jayajayakAra hotI hai, use kevalajJAna kI prApti hotI hai aura antataH vaha mokSa pAtA hai. kAvya-nirmANa kA nirvAha yahA~ prAyaH sabhI kathAoM meM huA hai. isake do rUpa rahe haiM. isI jIvana se sambandha rakhane vAlA, dUsarA pUrva-janma se sambandhita. karmavAda meM AsthA rakhane ke kAraNa saiddhAntika dRSTi se bhI kAvya-nirNaya kI sthiti ko yahA~ sahaja Azraya mila gayA hai. yahA~ jo pratinAyaka hai vaha pUrvajanma meM kisI na kisI rUpa se nAyaka dvArA zoSita, padadalita aura pIr3ita rahA hai. isIlie isa janma meM vaha nAyaka se badalA letA hai. yahA~ jitane bhI pAtra Aye haiM ve kulIna varga se saMbaMdhita haiM. puruSa pAtra rAjA-mahArAjA yA seTha Adi haiM. jIvana ke prAtaHkAla meM pUrNata: bhogI aura gRhasthI haiM. saMdhyAkAla meM saMyama dhAraNa kara nirvANapatha ke pathika banate haiM. nimna vargoM meM kumbhakAra kA prAyaH varNana milatA hai. AcAra-vicAra meM ye bAraha vratadhArI zrAvaka-se haiM. saddAlaputra kI ginatI Adarza zrAvakoM meM kI jAtI hai. udAI rAjA ko eka kuMbhakAra ne hI Thaharane ke lie rAjAjJA ke viruddha bhI sAhasa karake sthAna diyA thA. strIpAtroM meM mAtA aura patnI ke rUpa adhika nikhara kara sAmane Aye haiM. rAjamatI kA caritra usa nArI kA caritra hai jisane yauvana kI deharI para prema ko nimantrita kiyA thA, vaha pAtA huA dikhAI bhI diyA para na AyA. usake bAda viraha kI ananta sAdhanA aura phira yoga dhAraNa. devakI sAta-sAta putroM ko janma dekara bhI apane mAtRtva ko tRpta na kara
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________________ narendra bhAnAvata : prA0 jayamallajI : vyaktitva-kRtitva : 145 Dui Shi Ye Qun sakI. isakA prAyazcitta use vAtsalya rasa kI sajIva pratimA banA detA hai. aura vaha antataH AThaveM putra (gajasukumAla) kI mAtA banakara apane mAtRtva ko sArthaka karatI hai. deva pAtroM meM devatA aura yakSa Ate haiM. ye sahAyatA bhI karate haiM aura AtaMkita bhI. para ina daivika zaktiyoM ke Age bhI Urjasvala manuSyatva kabhI natamastaka nahIM hotA. ina kathA-kAvyoM meM itivRtta kI pradhAnatA hai. kathA meM vastu-varNana aura dRzya-varNana ke kaI avasara Aye haiM. dRzya-varNanapramukha sthala prAyaH nimnalikhita rahe haiM-- (ka) vastu rUpa meM:(1) nagara-varNana (2) vaibhavavarNana (3) janma-varNana (4) rUpa-varNana (5) vivAha-varNana (6) muni-darzana-varNana, dIkSA-varNana (kha) bhAva-rUpa meM:(1) muni-vrata kI kaThoratA kA varNana (2) zrRMgAra ke saMyoga-viyoga rUpa (3) vAtsalya ke saMyoga-viyoga rUpa (4) vIra aura raudra rasa ke citra (5) karuNa aura zAntarasa ke citra (7) mukta hAsya kA sajIva citra. vastu rUpa meM jo citraNa haiM, ve itivRttAtmaka banakara hI raha gaye haiM. prakRti-citraNa aura usakI AlaMkArika kSamatA ke kAraNa ye vastuvarNana rasa-paripAka meM asamartha rahe haiM. jaina muniyoM ne prakRti ke upAdAnoM se grahaNa karane kA prayatna kiyA hai parantu usakI abhivyakti kA mAdhyama bhinna rahA hai. arthAt vaiSNava kaviyoM ne kRSNa-bhakti ke nAma para vilAsavivardhaka tathyAbhivyakti meM tanika bhI saMkoca nahIM kiyA hai, jaba ki adhyAtmasaMskRtimUlaka jIvanayApana karane vAle evaM Atmastha saundaryaprabodhaka santoM ne prakRti se sAdhanA ke prakAza meM saundarya grahaNa to kiyA hai kintu usakI abhivyakti kA mAdhyama pArthiva saundaryamUlaka tathya na ho kara antaraMga saundarya hI rahA hai.. nagara-varNana meM usake vaibhava kA hI adhika citraNa hai. dvArikA nagarI ke varNana meM kavi ne usake aizvarya ko yoM vyakta kiyA hai 'sovana koTa ratana kAMgurAjI, sobhe rUr3A AvAsa / jhiga miga karane dIpatAjI devaloka jima sukha vAsa ||-pR. 318 rUpa-varNana ke tIna prasaMga haiM. janma ke avasara para, vivAha ke avasara para aura muni-darzana ke avasara para. draupadI kA janma huA hai. usake rUpa kA koI pAra nahIM. usakI bolI zakarakaMda-sI mIThI, usakA ardha candrAkRti sama lalATa, nayana kamala se vikasita, bhujAe~ mRNAlinI-sI, nAsikA dIpazikhA-sI aura daMta-paMkti dADima-kulI-sI. vivAha ke lie neminAtha varayAtrA sajAkara cale haiM. ratha meM baiThe hue ve aise lagate haiM mAnoM graha-nakSatroM ke bIca candra ho'. devakI bhagavAn neminAtha ko vandanA karane ke lie jA rahI hai. usane snAna kara nayA veza dhAraNa kiyA hai, AbhUSaNa pahane haiM- hAthoM meM kaMkaNa, kaMTha meM navasara hAra, pairoM meM nUpura; mAnoM sAkSAt devAMganA ho.3 1. kuvarI rUpa mAhe raliyAmaNI, mukha bole amRta-cAraNa / mIThI zAkarakaMda sI, bale bhAse hita mita jANa / / nayaNa salagagI re knykaa| aradha zazI sama sobhato, puni pUraNa bhariyo bhAla / nayana kamala jima vikasatA, behU~ bAMha kamala nI nAla / / nAzikA dIpe zikhA samI, nakavesara lahe nAka / daMta jisA dADima kulI, mRga-nayano sUrata pAka ||-pR0 318-18 2. nagArAM rI dhoraja bAje, AkAze jANe aMbara gAje / nema kaeNvara ratha baiThAM chAje, graha nakSatra meM jima caMdra virAje ||-pR0 222 3. nhAI ne maMjana karI, pahiryA nava-navA veza / mANaka motI mAlA maMdar3I, gahaNA hAra vizeSa ||-pR0 213 Jain Education Intematonal
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________________ Jain 30300302308304308 30830653333330 30 30 30 30 30 20 146 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha prathama adhyAya muni-darzana ke lie rAjA-mahArAjA akele nahIM jAte the. ve zobhA yAtrA ke sAtha saja-dhajakara jAte the. devakI neminAtha ko vandanA karane jA rahI hai. usane zAnadAra ratha sajAyA hai. vaha bahuta hI halakA hai. aura cAra pahiyoM vAlA hai cAroM ora motiyoM kI jAlI lagI huI hai.' usameM jute hue bailoM kA kyA kahanA ? donoM kI samAna jor3I hai. una para bhUla suzobhita haiM. unake sIMgoM meM 'rAkhar3I', gale meM rajataghaMTikAyukta svarNa-zrRMkhalA aura sIMgoM para sone kI khola, rezama kI mRdu 'nAtha' nAka meM par3I hai tAki unheM pIr3A na ho. 2 dIkSA varNana meM varcItapa kA dAna dene kA, loca karane kA prAyaH varNana kiyA gayA hai. vastu rUpa meM jo varNana Aye haiM unameM kucheka bahuta hI sundara bana par3e haiM, jaise ratha-varNana bhAva-rUpa meM, jina manovRttiyoM kI atula gaharAI meM paiMThakara kavi ne citraNa kiyA hai, vaha prabhAvotpAdaka aura sarasa bana par3A hai. kavitva kA sphuraNa inhIM sthaloM para dikhAI detA hai. jaina saMta kavi kI kAvya-kalA kA mUlyAMkana karate samaya hameM laukika-kAvya ko parakhane kI pracalita kasauTI se kucha bhinna kasauTI apanAnI hogI. tabhI hama usake sAtha ThIka-ThIka nyAya kara sakeMge. jaina saMta kavi kI mUla cetanA laukika-sukha se prerita prabhAvita na hokara lokottara Ananda se saMcarita hotI hai. isIlie prAyaH ina kaviyoM ne saMsAra kI nazvaratA aura asAratA kA varNana prabhAvotpAdaka DhaMga se kiyA hai. - kavi jayamalajI ne ina kathAoM ke mAdhyama se bhogaparaka jIvana kI nissAratA aura yogaparaka saMyamaniSTha jIvana kI zreSThatA pramANita kI hai. kamalAvatI ke mAdhyama se unhoMne kahalAyA hai ratana jar3ita ho rAjAjI piMjaro, suvo to jANe cheda isar3I paNa hU~ thAMrA rAja meM, rati na pAU Anda // - pR0 164 / / rAjA pradezI bhI kezI zramaNa se sabhI zaMkAoM kA samAdhAna pAkara isa niSkarSa para pahu~catA hai ki kuNa mAtA ne kuNa pitA, kuNa strI priya bhAya re / huve duSamaNa kapar3A DIla rA, jaba karama udaya huve Aya re // ataH sukha kA eka hI rAstA hai hastI jima baMdhana khodane, Apo vana meM sukhe jaay| yUM karmabaMdhana tor3I saMjama grahAM - hosyAM jyUM sukhI mugata mAMya // -pR0 165 para yaha saMyama mArga sarala nahIM hai 'kRpANa kI dhAra ke samAna' dustara hai. isakI kaThoratA, bhayaMkaratA aura ugratA kA varNana dekhiye hAthoM meM kAMkaNa sobhatA, kaMThe navasara hAra / page nevara dIpatA, jANe devAMganA uNihAra // 14 // pR0 327 1. ratha halako ghaNo bAjaNo, vale cyAra per3A ro jANa / azuddha zabda kare nahIM,, lAge lokAM ne suddA ||3|| halavA kASTha no bhU saro, cale cor3A per3A jota / motyAM rI jAlI laga rahI, chatI zobhA ko udyota // 4 // pR0 326 2. baladAM re bhUlaja sobhatI, nAke natha rasAla re / rAkhar3I sIMga meM somatI. gala vAMdhI gughara-mAla re // 6 // sonA rI gale meM sAMkalI, rUpA se Tokariyo jAe re / sonA rI kholI sIga meM, doya isar3A baladaja ANa re ||10|| kamala ro saM he seharo, laTake sIgAre mAMya re / nAtha sone rezama rI bhalI, tiNasUM nAka doro nahIM thAya re // 11 // pR0 326-27 Lucy - pR0 260 2000 www.jarremorary.org
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________________ narendra bhAnAvata : prA. jayamalajI : vyaktitva-kRtitva : 147 Qi Kuan Ye Di Sen Tan Tan Ran Ran Die Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Kuan Chu munivara moTA aNagAra, karatA ugra vihAra / paDa rahI tAvar3e rI bhoTa, tirasA sU sUkhA hoTa / kaThina pariso sAdhano e|| tAlave koI nahIM thUka, jIbha gaI jyAMrI sUkha, hoTho re AI kharapaTI e||-pR. 183 // nirvedapradhAna racanAoM ke hone para bhI zRMgAra-rasa ke saMyoga-viyoga ke kaI rasIle citra yahA~ dekhane ko milate haiM. saMyoga kA varNana adhikatara vahA~ huA hai jahA~ saMyama lene ke pUrva nAyaka sAMsArika bhoga bhogatA hai.' viraha ke citra vahA~ aMkita haiM jahA~ nAyaka dIkSita ho jAtA hai. rAjamatI ke priya-viyoga ke citra bahuta hI sundara aura svAbhAvika bana par3e haiM. usake lie 'mahala aTArI bhae kaTArI' aura 'canda-kiraNa tanu dAjhatiyA' hai. usakI A~kheM priyadarzana ko Atura haiM-- tarasata aMkhiyAM, huI drama-pakhiyAM ! jAya milo piva sU sakhiyAM !! yAdunAtha re hAtha rI lyAve koI patiyAM // 3 // pR0 226 vaha priya ko upAlaMbha denA cAhatI hai. "the taja rAjula kima bhaye jatiyA" jo usakA upAlaMbha neminAya ko dene jAyagI, usa dUtikA ko vaha gahanoM se lAda degI jAkaM dagI jarAvaro gajaro, kAnana kaM cUnI motiyA // 3 // aMgurI * mUMdar3I-pror3haNa * phabhar3I, peraNa * rezamI dhotiyA // 4 // -pR. 226-230 // usakA yaha viraha hI use ananya premikA banAkara mukti-patha para le daur3atA hai aura vaha anta meM sAdhikA bana jAtI hai. isa prakAra kahA jA sakatA hai ki yahA~ jo zRMgAra AyA hai vaha zAnta rasa kI pIThikA banakara hI. vAtsalya-rasa ke saMyoga ke citra bhI yahA~ usI tanmayatA se aMkita haiM. devakI ke 6 putra devatA ke upakrama se mRta ghoSita ho jAte haiM, kRSNa kA pAlana-poSaNa bhI vaha nahIM kara pAtI. para jaba bhagavAn neminAtha se use yaha jAnakArI milatI hai ki jo 6 sAdhu haiM ve janmata: usI ke putra haiM to usakA mAtRtva umar3a par3atA hai. vaha jaba chahoM munivaroM ke pAsa pahu~catI hai to usake saMyoga-vAtsalya kA srota umar3a par3atA hai tar3Aka se tUTI kasa kaMcU taNI re, thaNa re to chUTI dUdhAdhAra re / hivar3A mAhe harSa mAve nahIM re, jANe ke miliyo mujha karatAra re // 4 // roma-roma vikasyA, tana-mana UlasyA re, nayaNe to chUTI AMsU dhAra re / biliyA to bAMhA mAhe mAve nahIM re, jANe tUTyo motyAM ro hAra re // // -pR. 330 // isa saMyukta anubhUti para na jAne sUra ke kitane pada nyauchAvara kiye jA sakate haiM. saMyoga-vAtsalya kA pratyakSa rUpa vahA~ dekhane ko milatA hai jaba devakI kI goda meM gajasukumAla kilakArI karate haiM. vaha use yazodA kI taraha jhulAtI hai, A~khoM meM aMjana A~jatI hai, aMgulI pakar3akara calAtI hai, khAne ko dahI-roTI detI hai. isa varNana ko par3ha kara to aisA lagatA hai mAnoM kavi jayamala ne mAtA kA hRdaya pA liyA ho. 1. cadra-vadana mRga-loyaNIjI, capala-locanI bAla / harIlaMkI, mRdu bhASiNIjI, iMdrANI-sI rUpa rasAla // 2 // prItavatI mukha agalejo, mulakaMtI mohana cela / caturAMnA mana mohatIjI, haMsa-gamaNI sUM karatAM bahu kela / / 3 / / -pR. 322 2. kuNa tAke tArAM ne, chor3a zazI, mhAre sAMvariyA sarIkhI sUrata kisI, mheM dUjA bharatAra nI tRSNA tyaagii|| -pR0 230 3. jI ho khelAvaNa-hularAvaNe, lAlA, cunAvaNa ne pAya / jI ho nhavarAvaNa peharAvaNe, lAlA, aMgo aMga lagAya // 8 //
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________________ KEREN EENEN MEMEME 148 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : prathama adhyAya viyoga- vAtsalya kA varNana bhI kama sundara nahIM hai. devakI ke hRdaya kI thAha vahI strI le sakatI hai jisane 7-7 putroM ko jana kara bhI mAtRtva kA AnaMda nahIM uThAyA. usake hRdaya meM isa bAta kA bar3A darda hai ki usane kanhaiyA ko hAtha pakar3akara calAyA nahIM, rote hue ko bahalAyA nahIM, or3hAyA nahIM, pahanAyA nahIM. isa pazcAttApa meM ghula-ghula kara devakI sacamuca vAtsalya kI mUrti bana gaI hai " jAyA maiM tuma sArikhA kanhaiyA, eka nAle sAta re / ekA ne hularAyo nahIM kanhaiyA goda na khilAyA mAta re || 7 || rovato maiM rAkhyo nahIM kanhaiyA ! pAlakhiye paare| hAlariyo devA tazI, kanhaiyA, mhAre haMsa rahI mana sAMya re // // aa gaye na karAvI thirI, kanhaiyA ! zraguliyA~ vilagAya re / hAU baiTho che tihAM, kanhaiyA ! lago tUM mati jAya re // 10 // oliyo paharAyo ko nahIM, kanhaiyA, TopI na dIghI mAtha re / kAjala pi sAryo nahIM, kanhaiyA, phadiyA na dIdhA hAtha re || 10 || kahanA na hogA ki isa bhAvanA ko vAtsalya rasa ke samrAT mahAkavi sUra bhI nahIM pahu~ca sake haiM. vIra aura raudra rasa ke prasaMga bhI yathAsthAna Aye haiM. jaba kuMtI kRSNa ke pAsa pahu~cakara draupadI kI khoja lAne ke lie uttejita karatI hai, taba kRSNa jo vacana nArada ko kahate haiM unameM unakA utsAha chalakA par3atA hai'dala bAdala pAchA phire, phire nadiyA~ kA pUra / - 'mAdhava vacana phire nahIM, jo picchama Uge sUra / / pR0 414 raudra rasa kA prasaMga taba upasthita hotA hai jaba rAjA padmottara kRSNa dvArA bheje gae dUta ko burA bhalA kaha baiThatA haisiMha re muMDA mAMya, kAMI ghAle zrAMgulI re / asavArAM rI hoDa kare, jhezI pAsI re // pR0 417 karuNa aura zAnta rasa ke citra pazuoM ke karuNa krandana, skaMdaka RSi, udAI rAjA, meghakumAra, gajasukumAla, kArtika seTha Adi ke kSamA-bhAva meM dikhAI dete haiM. yoM pratyeka kathA kA anta zAntarasa meM hI huA hai, sabhI rasa zAMtarasa ke sahayogI banakara hI Aye haiM. hAsya aura vyaMgya ke lie bhI katipaya avasara upasthita kiye gaye haiM. neminAtha vivAha ke lie icchuka nahIM hai. isake kAraNoM kI kalpanA hAsya-vyaMgya prasUta hai. kRSNa kI rAniyAM devara neminAtha ko cir3hAne ke lie kabhI to kahatI haiM ki toraNa AyA kare AratI, TIko kAr3hane sAsU yAMce nAko re' ataH 'ima DaratI para nahIM kabhI kahatI hai 'bAI cita karane caMvarI car3he tIne pherA lenA par3e lAro re' isalie vivAha nahIM karatA. kabhI kahatI haiM- juvAjuI ramatAM yahAM rakhe banar3o jAve hAro he bAI' aura kabhI 'dorar3o, doro haiM kAMkaNa dorar3o khelaNo par3e ekaNa hAtho he bAI'. isI prakAra eka sthAna para sakhiyAM neminAtha ko kAlA kahakara rAjula se majAka karatI haiM "sahiyAM kahe rAjula ! suNo, bAI ! kAlo nema kurUpo e / bhala bhUpo eaura bhalero lAvasAM ke sahiyA~ e // jI ho AMkhar3alI aMjAvaNI, lAlA, bhAla karAvaNacanda | jo ho gAlA TIkI sAMvalI, lAlA, AliMgana AnaMda // // jI ho paga mAMDaNa grahI aMgulI, lAlA, Thumaka Thumaka rI cAla / jI ho bolaNa bhASA totalI, lAlA, riMbhAvaNa atikhyAla ||10| jI ho dahI roTI jimAvaNe, lAlA, arU cabAvaNa taMbola / jI ho mukha sU mukha meM dirIjatAM, lAlA, lIlA adhara amola // 11 // - jayavANI : pR0 337 - pR0 332-33
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________________ narendra bhAnAvata: A. jayamallajI : kRtitva-vyaktitva : 146 karI kusAmadI tAharI piNa mhAre dayA na paayo-e| na suhAyo e kAlo vara kiNa kAma ro ke sahiyAM e-10232 yahA~ taka hamane Alocya kavi kI prabandha-paTutA aura varNana-kSamatA kA vivecana kiyA hai. aba usakI muktaka racanAoM para vicAra kareMge. muktaka racanAoM meM kathA kI koI dhArA nahIM bahatI. yahA~ pratyeka muktaka apane Apa meM svatantra hotA hai. jayamallajI ne jisa saphalatA ke sAtha kathAoM ko prabandhAtmaka rUpa diyA hai, usI saphalatA ke sAtha bhAvanAoM ko muktaka-rUpa bhI. inake muktaka-kAvya ko tIna bhAgoM meM bAMTA jA sakatA hai(1) stutipradhAna muktaka (2) nItipradhAna muktaka (3) tattvapradhAna muktaka stutipradhAna muktakoM meM tIrthaMkaroM, vihamAnoM, satiyoM, sAdhuoM Adi kI pradhAna rUpa se stuti kI gaI hai. tIrthaMkaroM meM kavi ko vizeSa rUpa se solahaveM tIrthaMkara zAntinAtha' aura 23 veM tIrthakara pArzvanAtha adhika bhAye haiM. viharamAnoM meM prathama viharamAna zrI sImaMdhara svAmI kavi ke ArAdhya rahe haiM. satiyoM meM Adarza satiyoM kI nAma--gaNanA (64 satiyAM) kara unakA zIla-mAhAtmya batalAyA hai. sAdhuoM meM Adarza sAdhuoM ke nAma ginA kara unakI sAdhanA kA guNAnuvAda kiyA haiM. cAra maMgala (arihanta, siddha, sAdhu aura dharma) bhI kavi ke lie stuti-yogya rahe haiM. prathama maMgala meM arihanta ke 34 atizaya aura 35 vANI kI viziSTatAe~ varNita haiM. dUsare maMgala meM siddha kA svarUpa nirUpita hai. tIsare maMgala meM sAdhu kI jJAna kriyA aura mahimA digdarzita hai. cauthe maMgala meM dharma, ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya, aparigraha aura rAtribhojananiSedha kA sAdhanAtmaka rUpa pradarzita hai. yahA~ jo stutya pAtra Aye haiM ve zaktizAlI, puruSArthI aura vItarAgabhAvI haiM. unakI stuti karane ke mUla meM do bhAvanAe~ nihita haiM. eka to stuti-yogya puruSoM ke samAna apane Apa ko banAne kI lalaka aura dUsare unake nAmasmaraNa se dukhamukti kI balavatI spRhA, kavi zAntinAtha kA stavana isIlie karatA hai ki tuma nAma liyA saba kAja sare, tuma nAme mugati mahala male ||-pR0 7 ThIka yahI bAta sImaMdhara svAmI ke nAma-smaraNa ke bAre meM bhI kahI gaI hai tuma nAme duHkha dohaga Tale, tuma nAme mugati sukha male // --pR0 13 ina stutipradhAna muphtakoM meM kavi apane ArAdhya ke guNakIrtana meM hI vizeSa lagA rahA hai. bhakta kaviyoM kI sI dInatA, ArtatA, yAcanA, laghutA aura vihvalatA ke darzana nahIM hote. na to kavi tulasI kI bhA~ti rAma ke darabAra meM apane hRdaya kI 'vinayapatrikA' ko khola kara rakhatA hai, na sUra kI bhA~ti vaha apane ArAdhya ko cunautI detA hai ki 'hauM to patita sAta 1. cAlIsa dhanuSa U~cI re deho vali hemavaraNI upamA re kho| dIThe dila dariyAva Tharo, zrI zAnti jinezvara zAnti karo ||16|| pR06 2. pAMce aganI kamaThe sAjhI, dekhaNa bhIr3a milI jAjhI / .. nAgane kATyo kAThatAMNI, zrI pAsa bhajo puruSAdAnI ||8|| pR0 8 3. 'maMgala' eka prakAra kA kAvya-rUpa hai jisameM vivAha-varNana ko pradhAnatA rahatI hai. vivAha ke avasara para gAye jAne vAle gota bhI maMgala kahalAte yahA~ 'maMgala' zabda bhinna artha meM AyA hai. www.janlienorary.org
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________________ 305530300300308308080300300 300 300 300 300 300 30 30 30% 300 300 300 150 : muni zrI hajArImala smRti grantha : prathama adhyAya pIr3hina ko, patite nistari hoM.' isakA pradhAna kAraNa kavi kA eka siddhAnta vizeSa meM AsthAvAn bane rahanA hai. yoM ekAdha jagaha 'rar3avar3iyo jema ger3i dar3o' yA 'pacI rahyo jima tela bar3o', kahakara usane saMsAra ke paribhramaNa kI kaThinAiyoM aura parezAniyoM kA mArmika citra khIMca diyA hai. Jain Education kavi bhagavAn ke sAtha apanA koI vizeSa pArivArika sambandha bhI nahIM jor3atA hai. kabIra kI taraha 'hari jananI maiM bAlaka taurA' yA 'hari mora pIva maiM rAma kI bahuriyA' jaisI bhAvanA prakaTa karane kA avasara hI yahA~ nahIM. vaha to svayaM Izvara banane kI sAdhanA meM saMlagna hai. Izvara kA aMza banakara kyoM rahe ? phira bhI sImaMdhara svAmI ke sAtha 'kAgadiyo' zIrSaka racanA meM vaha dAmpatya sambandha jor3atA hai dUra disAvara jehano piU basejI, te nAra suhAgaNa kahAya | mahAvideha meM dhaNiya virAjiyA jI tike niradhaNiyA kima thAya // 50 43-44 para yaha sambandha milana kI khuzI kA nahIM, viraha kI pIr3A aura vivazatA kA haithAr3A DUMgara ne nadiyAM vana ghaNAjI, bIce vikaTa vidyAdhara grAma / vANI sunavAne ho A sakUM nahIM, yAM hI lesu tamAro nAma // pR0 44 nItipradhAna muktakoM meM sadAcAra, jJAna aura upadeza kI bAteM kahI gaI haiM. isakI do dhArAe~ dRSTigocara hotI haiM. eka meM Atma-guNoM ke mahatva kI jhalaka hai to dUsarI meM laukika vyavahAra aura AcAra kA nirUpaNa. Atmabala ke vikAsa ke lie jina guNoM para bala diyA gayA hai ve haiM dharmAcaraNa, samyaktva bhAva, kSamA, brahmacarya pAlana Adi. Atma-kalyANa kI ora vyakti ko abhimukha karane ke lie zarIra kI nazvaratA aura jIvana kI kSaNabhaMguratA kA varNana kara sAdhu-jIvana kI zreSThatA kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai. isa AdhyAtmika jAgaraNa abhiyAna kA ojapUrNa citra dekhiye F dayA raNasiMgho vAjiyo, jAgo jAgo nara-nAra / mugata nagara meM cAlaNo tume, vegA huijo pyAra / pR0 160 vastutaH jo yaha taiyArI kara letA hai use pAramAtmika jyoti kA sAkSAt ho jAtA hai. motI vikharyA cauka meM re, AdhA ulaMdhyA jAya / jyoti khulI jagadIza rI re, caturAM liyA uThAya // - pR0 160 loka ko bhI sAdhaka kI dRSTi se dekhA gayA hai. vaha haTavAr3e ke kaliyuga ke duHkhoM kA ghara' 'jahA~ pApanI vAtAM vallabha lAge, mele kI taraha hai. kabhI yaha jaga sapanA lagatA hai to kabhI dharama lAge khAro re'. saca to yaha hai ki isa minakha 1. DAbha aNI jala- binduoM, jehavI sandhyA no vAna / athira na jANoM re thAMro Aukho, jima pAko pIpala pAna ||4|| ghar3iyAla nI para jima bAje, ghar3I timatima ghaTeja zrAva / kAla ajANyo re tone gherasI, kara kAMI dharma upAva // 5 // jovana jAve re ghaNo utAvalo, jiso nadI no bega athira jANoM re Aukho, tie meM ghaNA re udvega // 7 // pR0 140 2. sAdhu ciMtAmaNa ratana sA cAle dayA rasa cAla / jyAM jyAM jatane seviyA, tyAM tyAM kiyA nihAla // pR0 66 3. yaha melA jayavANI, pR0 120-21 4. yaha jaga sapanA : jayavANI, pR0 115-13 5. kaliyuga loka : jayavANI, pR0 118 Chao Chao Chao Chao Priva&Personal Use Only
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________________ narendra bhAnAvata : zrA0 jayamallajI : vyaktitva-kRtitva : 151 MUNSEEN930NESEN20999NE jamAre' ko saphala aura sArthaka banAne ke lie AtmA ko sannaddha honA hogA. 'dIvAlI' zIrSaka kavitA meM jo AdhyAtmika rUpa, dIvAlI ko diyA gayA hai, vaha mahAdevI ke 'kyA pUjA kyA arcanare' gIta kI yAda dilA detA hai. yaha sahI hai ki ina nItiparaka yuktakoM meM kAvya kI apekSA upadeza kI adhika pradhAnatA hai. anya nItikAra kaviyoM ne jahA~ sUktiyoM ke mAdhyama se lokavyavahAra kI bAteM kahakara loka-jIvana ko sukhI banAne kA upakrama kiyA hai, vahA~ kavi jayamalajI kA lakSya lokottara jIvana ko saphala banAne kA rahA hai. eka ne laukika pakSa ke vividha rahasyoM kA udghATana kiyA hai to dUsare ne Atma-pradeza kI yAtrA meM par3ane vAle vibhinna sthaloM kA paryaTana. eka kI dRSTi yathArthamUlaka adhika rahI hai to dUsare kI pUrNataH Adarzamulaka. tattvapradhAna muktakoM meM jaina-darzana ke katipaya tAttvika siddhAntoM ko padya baddha kiyA gayA hai. yahA~ kavitva pIche chUTa gayA hai aura darzana kI pAribhASikatA tathA durbodhatA ubhara AI hai. aise muktakoM meM 'iriyAvahI nI sajjhAya', 'caubIsa daMDaka nI sajjhAya', 'pandrahaparamAdharmI deva', 'zAstra chattosI', 'jIvA bayAlIsI' Adi racanAoM ke nAma ginAye jA sakate haiM. uparyukta vivecana se isa saMta kavi kI kAvya-sAdhanA aura bhAva-vyaMjanA kA vizada svarUpa hamAre sAmane pratyakSa ho uThatA hai. kavi meM prabandha-paTutA, varNana-kauzala aura rasopalabdhi karAne kI kSamatA ke sAtha-sAtha muktaka-racanAoM ke sRjana kI pratibhA bhI hai. saMkSepa meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki jayamalajI kI kavitA meM kabIra kA vidroha, sUra kA vAtsalya aura tulasI kA lokahita, sAtha-sAtha dikhAI detA hai. . kAvya-kalA-sAdhaka-kaviyoM kI dRSTi kAvya-kalA para utanI nahIM rahI jitanI jIvana-nirmANa kI kalA para. yahI kAraNa hai ki inakI kavitAoM meM Apako na to kalpanAoM kA svachanda vihAra milegA, na bhAvanAoM kA zRMgAraparaka uddAma vega. na yahA~ 'bhUSaNa binA na rAjai kavitA vanitA mitta' kI mAdaka manuhAra milegI, na chandoM kA saMgrahAlaya.' ye kavi to anubhUti meM jitane sacce aura khare haiM abhivyakti meM bhI utane hI spaSTa aura sIdhe. inheM camatkAra pradarzana kara kisI kA hRdaya jItanA nahIM thA, kAvya ke mAdhyama se jIne kI kalA batAkara unakA uddhAra karanA thA. isa kasauTI para saMta kavi AcArya jayamalajI kI kAvyakalA kharI utaratI hai. kavitA karanA inakA lakSya nahIM thA. dharmopadeza dete samaya jana-sAdhAraNa ko AtmA, paramAtmA, pApa, puNya, baMdha, mokSa Adi kA svarUpa samajhAne ke lie jo bhAvanAe~ hRdaya meM uThatI thIM, ve hI tanmayatA kI sthiti meM sarasa aura tIvra banakara kavitA bana gaI. ye apanI bAta janatA kI hI bhASA meM kahane ke abhyasta rahe haiM. saMskRta, prAkRta ke viziSTa jJAtA hote hue bhI inhoMne apanI racanAe~ sAmAnyataH rAjasthAnI bhASA meM hI likhI haiM. jayamalajI kA vihArakSetra aura kAryakSetra bhI adhikatara rAjasthAna ho rahA hai, ataH yahA~ kI lokasaMskRti, loka-vyavahAra aura loka-bhAvanA kA sahI prativimba inakI racanAoM meM jhalakatA hai.2 bhASA para kavi kA acchA adhikAra hai. vaha bhAvAnukUla uThatI-giratI hai. prabandhAtmaka racanAoM meM bhASA kA pravAha aura mAdhurya hai to muktaka racanAoM meM usakA gAMbhIrya aura sAralya. bhASA kI pravahamAnatA aura madhuratA kA eka udAharaNa dekhie 1. dIvAlI jayavANI, pR053 2. (ka) vivAha meM jinako bulAyA jAtA hai unheM pIle cAvala diye jAte haiM: 'vigara bulAyAM AviyA re, thAne kiNa pIlA cAvala dodhA' (kha) amaMgala hone para strI kA dAyAM aMga phar3akatA hai. rAjula sakhiyoM se kahatI hai: ___ 'mhAre jImaNo pharUke gAto e, jaga-nAtho-e / milasI ke milasI nahIM ka-pahiyA e|| (ga) aniSTa nivAraNa ke lie amAMgalika bAta para thUka diyA jAtA hai: rAjula kI sakhiyAM isIlie kahatI haiM : 'bAI ! bolatAM matI cUko e, paro thUko e / / toraNa Upara Aviyo ka sahiyAM e|| JaipantMITHAOTOnihityirtant TREAnimationAMATTIME. WORSHAN SOURCLURANHunt TIM . .. HINDraly.org
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________________ 112 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya mahArAja car3he gaja-ratha turiyAM haya gaya ratha pAyaka-sukhadAyaka / nayana-kamala harasata ThariyA |mhaa0|| khUba barAta banI-vyAvana kI / ghora ghaTA umahI jhariyAM ||mhaa0|| pR0 221 jahA~ tAttvika vivecana kiyA gayA hai vahA~ pAribhASika zabdoM kA bAhulya hai. aise sthala jaina-darzana se aparicita vyaktiyoM ke lie avazya durbodha ho gaye haiM para jise jaina-darzana kA thor3A-bahuta bhI jJAna hai, vaha rasa lie vinA nahIM rahegA. assI pratizata se adhika zabda rAjasthAnI aura hindI ke haiM. kahIM-kahIM prAkRta ke vAkyAMza bhI prayukta hue haiM jinase sAMskRtika vAtAvaraNa ke nirmANa meM sahAyatA milI hai. jaise-'khippAmeva bho devANuppiyA' (pR0 325). kavi kI abhivyakti pratIkAtmaka kama, abhidhAtmaka adhika hai, yahI kAraNa hai ki jagaha-jagaha kavitva meM bAdhA pahu~cI hai. yahA~ kabIra kI taraha camatkArapUrNa aura virodhamUlaka saMkhyAtmaka yA sambandhAtmaka pratIkoM kA prayoga nahIM huA hai. kevala eka jagaha aise saMketa mile haiM(ka) saMkhyAtmaka pratIka pAMcU' melI re mokalI, chahu~ rI khabara na kAya / sAtAM setI re laga rahyo, paDUyo ATha mada mAya // (kha) varNa pratIka pApAM sU paricaya ghaNo, 'havo rahe re hajUra / la,5 le liva lAgI rahI, dado dila sUdUra // pR0 163 yadyapi alaMkAroM kI ora kavi kA jhukAva adhika nahIM rahA tathApi bhAvoM ko madhura se madhuratara aura spaSTa se spaStara banAne ke lie yathAprasaMga alaMkAroM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai. sAdRzyamUlaka alaMkAroM kA prayoga hI adhika huA hai. inameM bhI upamA aura rUpaka hI kavi ko vizeSa priya rahe haiM. upamAnoM ke cunAva meM kavi vizeSa sajaga rahA hai. usakI dRSTi kevala mAtra rUr3hibaddhatA yA zAstrIya jJAna meM ba~dhakara nahIM rahI. isase Upara uThakara bhI usane dekhA hai. lokajIvana aura loka-mAnasa kA gahana adhyayana aura sUkSma nirIkSaNa kavi dvArA prayukta upamAnoM se jhAMkatA pratIta hotA hai. zAstrIya aura kitAbI jJAna loka-saMskRti se pIche chUTa gayA hai. yahA~ donoM ke katipaya udAharaNa diye jA rahe haiM(ka) zAstrIya rUDhibaddha upamAnaH (1) kuguru to kAlo nAgaja marikhA (124-11) (2) Ayu ghaTatI jAya che, jima aMjalI no pANI re (131-18) (3) jAyA to viNa ghaDI re cha mAsa (211-3) (4) nema kaMvara ratha beThA chAje, ___ graha nakSatra meM jima candra virAje (222-3) (5) ku~vara lAge cha pyAro, uMbara phUla jyUM dulabha hamAro ho (356-1) 1. pA~ca indriyA~ : zronendriya, cakSurindriya, ghrANendriya, rasanendriya, sparzendriya. 2. paTakAya: pRthvIMkAya. apkAya, teukAya, vAyukAya, vanaspatikAya, asakAya. 3. sAta vyasana : 4. hiMsA 5. lalanA 6. dayA Jain Education atemational PTIVE resonar sem Janmeriorary.org
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________________ narendra bhAnAvata prA0 jayamallajI : kRtitva-vyaktitva : 153 XXXXXXXXXXHEMERNME* (kha) loka-jIvana se lie gae upamAnaH-- (1) o jIva rAya ne raka thayo, vali naraka nigodamAM baha re rahyo, rar3abaDiyo jema geDi dar3o, zrI zAnti jinezvara zAnti karo (6-16) (2) cAra gatinAM re dukha kahyA, jIve anaMti anaMti bAra lahyA, pacI rahyo jima tela var3o, zrI zAnti jinezvara zAnti karo (6-20) (3) tAmasa tapiyo nara iso, A~kha miraca jima A~jI re. krodha viNAse tapa sahI, dUdha viNAse kAMjI re (68-20) (4) Adi anAdi jIvar3o, bhamiyo caUM gati mAMya. arahaTa ghaTikA nI pare, bhari Ave rIti jAya (84-1) (5) kAla khar3o thAre vAraNe, jima toraNa Ayo vIMda (113-10) (6) DAbha aNI jala jehavojI, AgiyA no camatkAra. tehavo e dhana AukhojI, bIjalI no jhabakAra (125-7) (7) piNa paravaza par3iyAM jora na lAge, jima dabI sAMpa nI ThoDI re (135-7) (8) le jAI lakkar3a meM dIdho, huvo ghara ro dhorI re. ghAsa phUsa chANA deI ne, phUMka diyo jima holI re (135-16) (6) athira ja jANo re thAMro Aukho, jima pAko pIpala pAna (140-4) (10) sar3aNa-par3aNa-vidhasaMNa dehanI, tiNarI kisar3I re Asa. khiNa eka mAMhI re jAsI bigar3I, jima pANI mAhe patAsa (141-16) (11) deva guru dharma rI nahIM pArakhA, sagalAI jANe sArakhA. jima saravara nI phUTI pAla (156-4) lagabhaga sabhI upamAna maulika aura saTIka haiM. inase kavi ke vistRta jJAna aura sacce anubhava kA patA calatA hai. vinA marmabhedinI dRSTi ke aise upamAna DhUMDhe hI nahIM jA sakate. jIva kI paribhramaNazIlatA kA na jAne kitane kaviyoM ne varNana kiyA hai para usakI vivazatA ko 'rar3avar3iyo jema geDi dar3o' aura 'pacI rahyo jima tela bar3o' kaha kara isI kavi ne pukArA. krodhI manuSya ke svabhAva kA 'AMkha miraca jima AMjI re' se sundara varNana aura kyA hogA ? kAla ke Ane kI anivAryatA aura nizcitatA kA saMketa 'toraNa Ayo vIMda' se adhika aura kyA ho sakatA hai ? zarIra kI nazvaratA kA bodha 'pANI mAMhe patAsa' se adhika kauna karA sakatA hai ? ina upamAnoM meM jitanA sAdharmya nihita hai utanA anyatra bahuta kama dekhA jAtA hai. rUpaka-dRSTi meM bhI kavi pIche nahIM rahA. adhikatara usane sAMgarUpaka bAMdhe haiM. kucha udAharaNa yahA~ dRvya haiM (1) sAdhUjI UThyA sUramA re, jJAna ghor3e asavAra. karma kaTaka dala jaMjhiyA re, vilamba na kIdha ligAra (162-33) (2) mhAre kSamA gar3ha-mAMya, phojAM rahasI car3hI-rI mAI. bAre bhede tapa taNI, coko khar3I. bAre bhAvanA nAla, car3hAUM kAMgare-rI mAI. toDUM pAThe karma, saphala kArya sare (343-24,25) Jain Education Intemattonal For Private Personal use only Www.jainelibrary.org
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________________ 154 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-prantha : prathama adhyAya Qi Cha Cha Dan Zi Qi Jin Jin Jin Jin Jin Jin Jin Jin Qi Zhuang Cha Qi Cha Hai (3) kAyA rUpI haveliyA~, tapasyA karane rela. sUsa' varata kara mAMDaNoM, vinaya bhAva vara vela / 28 / kSamA rUpa khAjA karo, vairAgya ghRtaja pUra. upazama movaNa ghAlane, madavo motIcUra / 26 / divAlI dina jANane, dhana pUje ghara mAMya. ima tU dharma ne pUja le, jyoM amarApura meM jAya // 31 // rAkhe rUpa cavadaza dine, gahaNA kapar3AM rI cUpa. jyoM cupa rAkha dharma saM, dIpe adhiko rUpa // 32 // parva divAlI ne dine, pUje bahI, lekhaNa ne dota. jya tU dharma ne pUjale, dIpe adhiko jota // 34 // parva divAlI jANa ne, ujavAle havelI ne hATa. ima tUM vata ujavAla le, bandhe punArA ThATa |3sh pR0 53 uparyukta tInoM rUpaka sundara bana par3e haiM / pahale meM saMta ko zUravIra kA rUpa diyA gayA hai / vaha jJAna ke ghor3e para savAra hai aura bar3I tvarA ke sAtha karma-sainyadala kA nAza karatA hai. dUsare meM kSamA-gar3ha meM praviSTa hone ke lie bAraha bhAvanA rUpI nAla kI car3hAI aura ATha karma rUpI kivAr3oM ko tor3ane kA varNana hai. tIsarA rUpaka AdhyAtmika divAlI kA hai. dIpAvalI parva manAne kA yaha tarIkA pUrNataH AdhyAtmika hai. yahA~ kAyA kI havelI ko tapasyA se ujjvala karanA hai, kSamA ke khAje, vairAgya ke ghevara tathA upazama ke movaNa se motIcUra banAne haiM. dharma kI bahI aura kalama davAta ko pUjanA hai. yahI nahIM, kAya ke mandira meM jinadeva ko pratiSThita kara unakI pUjA karanI hai. unheM dhairya kI dhUpa, 'tapasyA' kI agara aura 'zraddhA' ke sumana car3hAne haiM. 'dayA' ke dIpaka meM saMvega kI bAtI jalA kara, 'jJAna' kA tela DAlakara 'samakita' kA aisA ujjvala prakAza karanA hai ki AThoM karmoM kA aMdhakAra bhasma ho jAya kAyA rUpa karo 'deharo, jJAna rUpI jinadeva / jasa mahimA zaMkha jhAlarI, karo sevA nitameva / 14 / dhIraja mana karo dhUpaNoM, tapa agaraja kheva / zraddhA puSpa car3hAyane, ima pUjo jina deva / 12 / dayA rUpI divalo karo, saMvega rUpaNI vATa / samagata jyota ujavAla le, mithyA aMdhAro jAya phATa / 16 / saMvara rUpI karo DhAMkaNo, jJAna rUpiyo tela / zrAThoM hI karma parajAla ne, do re andhAro Thela / -jayavANI : pR0 52 sAdharmyamUlaka alaMkAroM meM dRSTAnta aura udAharaNa ke prayoga hI kahIM-kahIM dikhalAI par3ate haiM (1) dagdha bIja jima dharatI vhAyAM, nahiM bhele aMkUrajI. tima hIja siddhajI, janma maraNa rI kara dI utpatti dUrajI (28-8) (2) rUdhira no koI kharaDyo kapar3o, rUdhira sU kema dhoIje re. hiMsA kara huve jIva melo, vale hiMsA dharma karIje re (116-6) bhASA ko prabhAvotpAdaka aura bhAvoM ko preSaNIya banAne ke lie lokoktiyoM aura muhAvaroM kA bhI yathAsthAna prayoga kiyA gayA hai. yathA 1. saugana,vrata, pratyAkhyAna Adi. PROINNARELA RAKHNAZESHMA Jainamaicati vate sona www. elibrary.org
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________________ narendra bhAnAvata : prA. jayamallajI : kRtitva-vyaktitva : 155 Ren Shi Zhuang Jiang Tan Ran Nuo Song Qi Qi Qi Luo Xuan Fa Bu Tan Nuo Nuo (1) jiNa ghara no tUM Tukar3o khAve so ghara nAkhe DhAI re (117-1) (2) vamiyA AhAra kI ho, vAMchA kuNa kare ? kare che kUtaro ne kAga (163-6) (3) dikSA he putra dohilI, to ne kahuM chu jatAya. meNa-dAta lohanA caNA, kuNa sakelA cAya (213-2) (4) huve duSamaNa kapar3A DIla rA, jaba karama udaya huve Aya re (260-1) (5) pAMDava jIta mAthau mati dhUNa. ___piNa hUM tone karasU ATe lUNa (416-2) chanda-vidhAna :-jaina-saMta pratidina vyAkhyAna dete haiM. ina vyAkhyAnoM meM mukhya-bhAga kathA-kAvyoM kA rahatA hai. Alocya kavi AcArya jayamallajI ne svayaM kaI kathA-kAvya race jinheM ve vyAkhyAnoM meM gA-gAkara sunAyA karate the. gAne aura sunAne ke uddezya se likhe jAne ke kAraNa inameM saMgIta-tattva kI pradhAnatA ho gaI hai. yahI kAraNa hai ki yahA~ jo chanda apanAye gaye haiM ve DhAla Adi haiM, jinase vibhinna rAga-rAginiyoM kA bodha hotA hai. anya chaMdoM meM dohA-soraThA-savaiyA Adi haiM. prabandhAtmaka kAvyoM meM jahA~ do bhAvoM yA ghaTanAoM ke bIca kathA-sUtra saMyojita karanA hotA hai vahAM prAyaH dohA yA soraThA chanda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai aura jahA~ kisI bhAvanA yA ghaTanA kA citraNa kiyA gayA hai vahAM kisI rAga vizeSa meM baMdhI huI DhAla meM. niSkarSa yaha hai ki saMta kavi jayamalajI kA vyaktitva usa yuga ke kaviyoM meM alaga jAna par3atA hai. sUra ne jahA~ 'saundarya' ko pradhAnatA dI, tulasI ne 'zakti' kI pratiSThA kI, vahA~ hamAre isa kavi ne 'zIla' kA nirUpaNa kara samAja ko vAsanA kI vega-dhArA meM bahane se bacAyA. padmAkara jaise kavi jisa yuga meM 'naina nacAya, kahyo musakAya, lalA phira Aiyo khelana horI' kA nimantraNa de rahe the, usI yuga meM paidA hokara isa sAdhaka kavi ne 'cyArU~ I jApa japo bhalA, moTI divAlI nI rAta' kA bodha dekara bhakti aura adhyAtma kI avaruddha kAvya-saritA ko phira se bahane kA pravAha de diyA. yahI usakI upalabdhi aura mahAnatA hai. prasaMgataH yaha ullekha kara denA bhI anivArya jAna par3atA hai ki rItiyuga meM eka ora kavigaNa vilAsa-vaibhava evaM sAmpattika jIvana ko mahattva dekara pArthiva saundarya kA udghATana kara rahe the, vahIM dUsarI ora jaina kavi AdhyAtmika saMskRti ko uddIpita karane vAlI lokakalyANakAminI vAgdhArA dvArA antaHstha saundarya ko nikhArane meM tallIna the. ve kisI ke Azrita kavi nahIM the jisase ki unheM apane svAmiyoM kI prasannatA ke lie vikArapoSaNArtha zRMgAradhArA ko sAkAra kara janamAnasa ko vizrRMkhalita karanA par3atA. unakA ArAdhya aura zreya naitika siddhAntoM kI abhivyakti ke dvArA rASTrIya caritra ko ucca dharAtala para pratiSThita karanA thA. yahI jaina kaviyoM kI maulika vizeSatA rahI hai. isa satyopalabdhi kI eka kar3I AcArya jayamalajI haiM, jinhoMne jIvanarasa aura siddhi ko na kevala tatkAlIna manuSyoM ke lie hI prastuta kiyA apitu kAvya dvArA aisI sRSTi kI jisase zatAbdiyoM taka mAnavatA anuprANita hotI rahe. 1. kucha rAgoM ke tarja isa prakAra haiM. jo muktaka racanAoM meM prayukta huI haiM - (1) te mujha micchA mi dukkaDaM (2) Adara jodha kSamA guNa Adara (3) vora vakhANI rANI celaNA (4) hive Azcarya thayo e (5) kAgadiyo likha bhejeM ho saMgU ko nahIM (6) te guru mere ura baso (7) carNAlI cAmuMDA riNa car3he (6) koyalo parvata-dhuMdhalo re lAla (8) DholA rAmata ne parI chor3ane (10) sAmI mhArA rAjA ne dharama suNAvajo (11) citor3I rAjA re (12) ima dhaNa ne paracAve (13) adharmI avinIta (14) tujha bina ghar3I (15) gaja ghor3A dekha bhulAyo re (16) prANI kaba ThAkura phusmAyo re (17) duniyA~ meM bahuta dagAI re (18) kalajuga ro loka ThagAro re (19) prANI kiye kara sAhiba rIje re (20) prANI! e jaga sapano lAyo re (21) cetana ceto re minakha jamAro pAyo re (22) bhavi jIvAM karaNI ho kIjo cita nirmalI (23) jIvaDalA dulaho mAnava bhava kAI re t hAre (24) vaDhA tike paNa kahiye bAla (25) puNya rA phala joyajo kAyara mata hoyatyo re (26) kaha bhAI rUDo te syUM kiyo (27) jIvAM tUM to bholo re prANI, ima ruliyo saMsAra. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ pro. zrIrAdhezyAma tripAThI ema0 e0 AcArya rAyacaMdrajI ma0 kI sAhityasarjanA bhAratIya sAhitya meM jaina sAhitya kA jo lokopakAraka aura dharmaniSTha svarUpa hai, vaha anAyAsa hI isa sAhitya ke rUpavaibhava kI garimA kA jIvanta AbhAsa detA hai. jo apane sAtha eka aisI paramparA kA sUtra thAme hue hai jisakA eka sirA vikrama saMvat 1167 se pUrva kA hai. jainAcArya jinavallabha sUri ke 'bRhad navakAra' 'ke rUpa meM vikrama saMvat 1225 tathA 1241 ke kramaza: "bharatezvara bAhubali ghora" tathA 'bharatezvara bAhubali rAsa' se bandhakara vikrama kI 15 vIM zatAbdI meM jAkara gaThita hotA huA sUtra vartamAna taka sugaThita hai. jaina-sAhitya ke racanAkAra adhikAMza: jaina muni hue haiM jinhoMne mAnava ko jIvana kA prakAza diyA, vaha prakAza jo sAMsArika, mAyA, moha, lobha, krodha, mada aura jar3atA Adi mAnasika vikAroM ko dUra karane meM sAmarthyavAn ho sakA hai. jIvana yadi dharma kI pavitra rekhAoM se bandhakara AcaraNa nahIM karatA to vaha vyartha hai. isa prakAra jIvana ko dharmamaya banAne aura loka kA kalyANa karane kI bhAvanA isa sAhitya meM vidyamAna hai. 12 vIM zatAbdI se lekara vartamAna yuga taka hamAre sAmane jaina racanAoM ke aneka svaNima pRSTha khule par3e haiM, jinameM mAnava-jIvana kA satya chalaka rahA hai aura jisake nirmAtA jaina muni haiM. isI paramparA meM AcArya zrIrAyacandrajI mahArAja kA yogadAna jaina sAhitya kI Adhunika kar3I ke rUpa meM hai. AcArya rAyacandra jI kA janma vikrama saMvat 1796 Azvina zuklA ekAdazI ko huA thA. ApakI kizora vaya ne jIvana kI sArthakatA ko khojane kI dizA DhUMDha lI, aura vikrama saMvat 1814 kI ASADha zuklA ekAdazI ko Apane dIkSA grahaNa kara lI. ApakA santa svarUpa saubhyatA kA pratIka thA. lokamAnasa meM jaina dharma ke ucca Adarza kI pratiSThA karane ke lie lokabhASA ko apane bhAvoM kA mAdhyama banAyA. lokabhASA ke ratha para baiThakara Apake bhAva kAvya-sRjana kI valgA thAme bar3hate rahe. Apane jaina caritra va kathA-kAvyoM tathA stavanoM kI paramparA meM RSabha deva, mahAvIra, neminAtha, Adi tIrthaMkaroM, jambU svAmI, gautama svAmI, zAlibhadra Adi uccavaMzI jaina sAdhuoM aura devakI, candanabAlA, mRgalekhA Adi satiyoM ke mahattva kA evaM unake jIvana kI vividha ghaTanAoM kA varNana kiyA hai. upadezAtmaka zailI para likhI cetAvanIyukta zikSAe~, rAsA, vANI, sajjhAya Adi vibhinna pakSoM para Apane bar3A hI bhAvapUrNa varNana kiyA hai. ApakI racanAoM meM kAvya kA mAdhurya udAtta caritroM kI sRSTi karatA huA laukika bhAvabhUmi para ramaNa karatA hai. Apa pratibhAsampanna to the hI, sAtha hI Apake sarasa va bhAvuka hRdaya meM santa ke sAtha jo kavi vidyamAna hai, vaha lokabhAvoM kA sadAcArapUrNa citra khIMcane meM saphala aura sakSama huA hai. santoM aura muniyoM ne stavana dvArA mahAn puruSoM aura avatAroM kA guNAnuvAda kiyA hai. "rAya-racanA" meM mukhya rUpa se jinakA stavana hai unameM bhagavAn RSabhadevajI, candraprabha, neminAtha, mahAvIra aura gautama sambandhI jinastavana ullekhanIya haiM / ina stavanoM meM AcArya zrI ne yaha pratipAdita kiyA hai ki mahAn AtmAoM kI stuti karane se sAMsArika kaSToM se chuTakArA hotA hai. roga, zoka miTa jAte haiM tathA nAmasmaraNa se aneka kArya siddha hote haiM. RSabhastavana kA eka udAharaNa dRSTavya hai "manacintaviyA, manoratha phale jai sukha cAvo te sukha mile sunny Pranker 1400-MODDupasanRHIRAGHORARYUSHIVAN Jainenorary.org
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________________ rAdhezyAma tripAThI : zrIrAyacandrajI ma. kI sAhityasarjanA : 157 WERSNENNERREARREEEERE lAbhe licchamI lIla vilAsa zrI AdinAtha pUro merI Asa tathA bhavasAgara se mukta hone kI lokottara bhAvanA bhI ina stutiyoM meM vidyamAna hai "prabhu tuma caraNe mhAro cita lAgo thAro mugata mahala mo sUati zrAgo mujha bhavasAgara thI vego tAro prabhu pArzvanAtha lAge pyAro-pArzvanAtha stuti ina stavanoM meM tIrthaMkaroM ke jIvana tathA kArya vyApAroM kI eka spaSTa jhalaka bhI milatI hai. "ananta bali tApa duSkara kiyA karamAM ne dAvAnala diyA khama, sama, dama ne dhImA dhIra manabaMchita pUraNa mahAvIra'-zrI mahAvIrastavana jainAgamoM meM cAra anuyoga batalAye gae haiM, jinameM prathamAnuyoga kA eka viziSTa sthAna hai. vaha janasAmAnya ke lie sugama aura bodhagamya bhI hai. dekhA jAya to rAya candra jI kA sAhitya pradhAnataH caritAnuyogI hai. unake sAhitya meM caritoM evaM kathAoM kA sthAna vizeSa mahattvapUrNa hai. jaina sAhitya kA bahuta bar3A bhAga tIrthaMkaroM, muniyoM, AcAryoM, zreSThiyoM, satiyoM aura dharmaprANa narezoM se sambandhita caritakAvyoM aura kathAkAvyoM ke rUpa meM pAyA jAtA hai. ina kathAkAvyoM meM vividha prakAra se vaNita pApoM ke duSpariNAma, puNya ke prasAda tathA dharmapAlana kI mahattA kA digdarzana huA hai. jaina muniyoM kA uddezya janasAdhAraNa ko dharma kI ora prerita karanA thA aura sAdhAraNa mAnasika stara kI janatA gahana dharmatattva ko carita ke dvArA jisa sugamatA se hRdayagaMma kara sakatI hai, anya upAyoM se nahIM. ataeva jaina sAhitya meM caritoM tathA kathAkAvyoM kA vizeSa mahattva hai. rAyaracanA meM caritakathAkAvya isI paramparA ke antargata Ate haiM. rAyaracanA meM jina caritroM ko kAvyAtmaka svarUpa diyA gayA hai, ve isa prakAra haiM-nava tIrthakara, marudevI mAtA, balabhadra, zAlibhadra, bhagavAn RSabhadeva, nandana maNiyAra, dhanvantari vaidya, bhaggU, duryodhana, kotavAla, ujjhita kumAra, harikezI aNagAra, atimukta kumAra, skaMdhaka, dhanamitra, ASADha-bhUti, kalAvatI, mRgalekhA, narmadA, kuraTagar3a, puSpacUlA, metArya, rathanemi, bahuputtiyA devI aura jinarakSita-jinapAla. rAyamuni ne aitihAsika aura paurANika donoM prakAra ke caritakAvya likhe haiM. ina caritakAvyoM meM caritanAyaka kA janmasthAna, usakI tapasyA tathA usake vyaktitva kI mahattA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai. kahIM-kahIM para caritranAyaka kI mahAnatA batalAne ke lie dRSTAtoM kA upayoga bhI kiyA gayA hai. lokamAnasa ne ina caritroM ke prati jo zraddhAbhAva vyakta kie haiM, unakA saMketa bhI ghaTanAkrama ke anusAra diyA gayA hai. maderuvI mAtA ke caritrAMkana meM rAyamuni ne unake svarUpa kA sundara pakSa prastuta kiyA hai. marudevI mAtA ke satItva kA sundara varNana isa prakAra hai. "kor3a pUraba lage ho suhAgaNa rahI satI, nita-nita navalA vesa bhara jovana rahyA ho mAtA jIvI jyAM lage, kAlA rahyA kesa" bhagavAn RSabhadeva, metArya muni, kalAvatI aura narmadA Adi kA caritra rAyamuni ne vistAra se citrita kiyA hai. bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke caritAMkana meM rAyamuni ne yugadharma kI pRSThabhUmi prastuta karate hue unake janmasthAna, mAtA-pitA kA nAmollekha, bAlya jIvana kI jhA~kI, unakI dIkSA, unake upadeza aura unake dvArA kiye gaye pramukha kAryoM kA bar3A hI sundara varNana kiyA hai. sabhI varNana 'DhAla' ke antargata vibhinna rAga-rAginiyoM meM hue haiM. unake siddha camatkAroM kA varNana bhI Jain dreamom For Private & Personal use only
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________________ 158 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya kavi ne bar3A hI mArmika kiyA hai. unake vyaktitva ke prabhAva se aneka zreSThiyoM aura narezoM ne unake pravacanoM ko sunakara dharma kI dIkSA grahaNa kI. stavana aura caritakAvyoM ke atirikta rAyamuni ne apanI vANI kA sAra nimnalikhita rUpa meM vyakta kiyA hai-sajjhAya, nihnavoM kA varNana, upadezI pada aura gurumahimA. isake sAtha gautama rAsA kI racanA bhI kI hai. sAdhuvandana, siddhasvarUpa, cetAvanI Adi ke dvArA vividha pakSoM para kAvyAtmaka varNana kiyA hai. saMsAra kI asAratA ke sAtha-sAtha asthiratA kA saMdeza bhI Apane diyA hai. gurumahimA ke svarUpa ko pratiSThita karane ke sAtha hI ziSya kA vinaya, aura avinIta ziSya ko cetAvanI bhI hai. yauvana kI asthiratA kA bodha karAte hue ayogya dIkSA kA niSedha bhI Apane kiyA hai aura udbodhana ke dvArA sAdhviyoM ko cetAvanI bhI dI hai. pApa, kapaTa, lobha, nindaka, kRpaNa Adi ke svarUpa ko batalAte hue Apane dAnazIlatA, aura puNya kA mahattva bhI pratipAdita kiyA hai. isa prakAra rAyamuni ne jIvana ke sabhI pakSoM ko AdhyAtmika dRSTi se dekhA hai. inakI vANI meM mukhyataH dAna, zIla, tapa aura bhAvanA ina cAra prakAra ke dharmoM ke phala ke dRSTAnta haiM. sAtha hI krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha, ina cAra dUSaNoM para bhI sundara likhA gayA hai. inake mukhya viSaya isa prakAra haiM(1) RSabhadeva, mahAvIra, neminAtha Adi tIrthaMkara. (2) jambUsvAmI, gautama svAmI, sthUlibhadra, zAlibhadra Adi jaina sAdhu. (3) tejapAla, vastupAla Adi jaina zreSThI. (4) candanabAlA, narmadA, kalAvatI, puSpacUlA Adi satiyAM. (6) stuti, nItivyavahAra, upadeza, zikSA Adi isa prakAra rAyamuni ne apanI bhASA, jo ki lokapracalita bolacAla kI thI, meM apane udgAroM ko vyakta karake dhArmika bhAvanAoM kI sRSTi kI. inakI vANI kI mUla preraNA dharma hai. sArA kAvya zAntarasa meM apanI rasAtmakatA lie hue hai. vibhinna rAga-rAginiyoM ke mAdhyama se inakI vANI mukharita hai. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ kamalA jaina 'jIjI' ema0 e0 AzAkiraNa AcArya AsakaraNajI bhArata kI sabhyatA aura saMskRti ke itihAsa meM cirakAla se calI A rahI santaparamparA kA atyanta mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai. yaha kahane meM atyukti na hogI ki bhArata kI Adima va ujjvala saMskRti ke janmadAtA yahA~ ke yogI RSi aura muni hI the. jaina, vaidika aura bauddha dharma va saMskRti kI dhArAoM ko RSiyoM aura santa bhikSuoM ne hI pravAhita kiyA aura yugoM taka gatizIla rakhA. bhArata ke saMtoM ne tyAga aura vairAgyamaya jIvana bitAne ke sAtha-sAtha sAhitya kI bhI zrIvRddhi kI. bhArata kA adhikAMza sAhitya muniyoM evaM RSiyoM kI hI tapaHpUta sAdhanA kA prasAda hai. hindI sAhitya ko bhI saMtoM kI apanI nirAlI dena hai. tulasIdAsa, mIrAbAI, sUradAsa, Anandaghana Adi ke dvArA racita sAhitya bhArata meM hI nahIM varan vizva-sAhitya meM bhI mahattvapUrNa hai. isI santa-paramparA meM jaina AcArya kavi AsakaraNa jI kA sthAna AdaraNIya hai. ApakA janma saMvat 1812 mArgazIrSa kRSNA dvitIyA ko rAjasthAna ke tiMvarI nAmaka grAma meM huA thA. pitA kA nAma rUpacandrajI tathA mAtA kA nAma gIgAde thA. bacapana se hI Apa bar3e pratibhAzAlI va tejasvI the. Apake mAtApitA ko Apa para bar3A garva thA tathA Apase bar3I-bar3I AzAe~ thIM. kintu unheM svapna meM bhI saMbhAvanA nahIM thI ki unakA putra saMsAra ke bhautika sukhoM se bhI Upara uThakara unakA va apanA nAma sadA ke liye amara kara degA. sAr3he solaha varSa kI AsakaraNa jI kI avasthA hote hI mAtA-pitA ne unakA vivAha karanA cAhA kintu unhoMne spaSTa inkAra kara diyA aura saba svajana-parijanoM ko chor3akara saMyama lene kA pakkA irAdA kara liyA aura zIghra hI usa alpa vayas meM hI Apane AcArya zrIjayamalajI ma0 ke zrIcaraNoM meM vi0 saM0 1830 vaizAkha kRSNA paMcamI ko dIkSA grahaNa kI. dIkSA ke bAda Apane jainAgamoM kA gambhIra adhyayana kiyA aura bahuta jaldI una para pUrNa adhikAra prApta kara liyA. apane guru ke prati Apake hRdaya meM agAdha zraddhA thI. Apa svayaM atyanta kaThora sAdhaka va tapasvI the. pariNAma svarUpa AcArya zrI rAyacandrajI ma0 kI kasauTI para Apa khare utare tathA unake dvArA saMvat 1857 ASAr3ha kRSNA paMcamI ke dina yuvAcArya pada para pratiSThita hue. tatpazcAt zrIrAyacandrajI ma0 kA svargavAsa hone para saM0 1868 mAgha zuklA pUrNimA ke dina Apako AcArya pada pradAna kiyA gayA. AcArya rUpa meM bhI 14 varSa taka Apane jaina dharma kA pracAra kiyA. saMyama ke abhilASI 10 zreSTha vyaktiyoM ko munidIkSA dI tathA jana-jana ko apane asIma jJAna kA lAbha diyA. 70 varSa kI umra meM saM0 1882 kI kArtika kRSNA paMcamI ko Apane deha tyAga kiyA. vyaktitva ApakA vyaktitva bar3A hI prabhAvapUrNa thA. apane sarala svabhAva ke kAraNa Apa sahaja hI pratyeka ko apanI ora AkaSita kara lete the. ApakI atyanta madhura va sarala DhaMga se kahI huI pratyeka bAta zrotAoM ke marma taka sahaja hI pahu~ca jAtI thI. ApameM ati vinayazIlatA aura gurubhakti thI. bIsa viharamAna racanA meM kahA hai pUjya jayamala jI prasAda thI, thAne simaru vAraMbAro jii| Jain Education Interational
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________________ 160 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya tapa mahimA meM: Nuo Lun Tan Xian Luo Cai Cha Cha Si Di Sen Nuo Nuo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo Luo pUjya zrI moTA rAyacanda jI, pohaMca jyAMrI che bhArI re / jyAre prasAde guNa joDIyA, opane Asoja majhArI re / racanAkAla ApakA racanAkAla vi0 saM01840 se zuru huA aura aMta taka Apa isameM saMlagna rahe. mAravAr3a ke graMthAgAroM meM ApakI vibhinna viSayoM para likhI huI aneka racanAe~ upalabdha huI haiM jinakA saMkalana 'AsakaraNa-padAvalI' ke nAma se vidvadvarya zrImadhukaramuni kara rahe haiM. abhI bhI anveSaNa kiyA jA rahA hai aura AzA hai zIghra hI vaha prakAzita hokara pAThakoM ke hAthoM meM pahu~cegA. Apa bar3e hI karmaTha va manoyogI saMta the. ApakI racanAe~ bhI atyanta preraNAprada haiM. dayA, dAna, vinaya va tapa Adi jaise sarala se sarala va saguNa tathA nirguNa pUjA jaise kaThina se kaThina viSayoM ko bhI Apane bar3e hI sarasa va sundara DhaMga se samajhAne kA prayatna kiyA hai. kAvyakalA jaisA ki batalAyA jA cukA hai, saMvat 1812 meM zrIAsakaraNajI kA apanI bahumukhI pratibhAke sAtha AvirbhAva huA. AsakaraNa jI kA kAvyakAla hindI kA rItikAla thA, jisameM zRMgAraparaka kAvyoM ke sAtha-sAtha bhakti kI dhArA bhI bahI calI jA rahI thI. sUra, tulasI, mIrA Adi prasiddha bhakta kavi apanI amara kAvyaracanA kara cuke the. AsakaraNajI kI racanAe~ bhI bhaktirasa se otaprota haiM. ApakI racanAoM meM yadi eka ora hama sUra, tulasI kA prabhAva dekhate haiM to dUsarI aura kabIra kA prabhAva bhI spaSTa dRSTigocara hotA hai. rItikAla meM usa samaya do dhArAe~ pravahamAna thIM. eka to purAtanavAdI aura dUsarI svacchaMdatAvAdI. prathama meM to zRMgAra va nIti Adi kA paramparAbaddha varNana hotA thA aura dUsarI meM iSTa ke prati prema kA sAtvika nirUpaNa. zrIAsakaraNajI ke sAhitya meM ina donoM kA bAhulya hai. Apane apanI racanAoM ke dvArA jisa prakAra apane iSTadeva kI bhakti kI hai usI prakAra mAnava mAtra ko dharma nIti kI bhI bharasaka zikSA dI hai. ApakI suprasiddha DhAleM (neminAtha, pArzvanAtha, RSabhadeva Adi 2) upAsya ke prati akhaNDa bhakti kA paricaya detI haiM, usI prakAra vinaya kA mahattva, zIla kI mahimA, dAna, tapa Adi para likhI huI racanAe~ nItipUrNa zikSA bhI detI haiM. racanAe Apane khaNDakAvya aura muktaka donoM prakAra kI kAvyaracanAe~ kI haiM, jinameM se katipaya isa prakAra haiM(1) khaNDakAvyazrIjayamalajI ma0, gajasukumAla, kezI gautama, namirAjajI, dhannAjI, pArzvanAthajI, kAlIrAnI, muni jayaghoSa vijayaghoSa niSadakumAra, DokarI, bharatajI kI Rddhi, neminAthajI. (2) muktakajIva paribhramaNa, tapamahimA, stuti, sAdhuvaMdanA, sajjhAya, svarga AyuSya ke dasabola, sAdhusaMgati, gurumahimA, vinaya kA mahattva, teraha kAThiyA, devaloka kA varNana, paryuSaNa parva, zIlamahimA, dAna, saMta, upadezIpada, kAla kA avizvAsa, terA koI nahIM, kAlagati, paranArI, gautama ko saMdeza, tRSNA, bArahamAsA, niMdakaikkIsI, bhavapaccIsI, sIkha-mohavarI, saMsAra kI mAyA kAcI, sadguru vANI sAcI, paMcama Are kA sukha apUrNa, dharma kI dalAlI, aSTAdaza pApa, sAmAyikavrata honahAra, dRr3haprahArI, zramaNa bhadra. apanI lekhanI se Apane aneka viSayoM ko chuA hai jo ki uparokta racanAoM ke nAmakaraNa se hI spaSTa hai. DhAloM meM MAN CAMERA Jain Education Intemational
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________________ kamalA jIjI: AcArya zrAsakaraNajI : 16 XNNNNNNNNNNNNNERMNRN Apane adhikatara jIvanacarita vaNita kiye haiM tathA phuTakara racanAoM ke dvArA atyaMta sundara DhaMga se jIvananirmANa kI zikSA dI hai. yathA :AtmaprazaMsaka paraniMdaka racanA meM Apane darzAyA hai ki svayaM kI prazaMsA karanA tathA auroM kI niMdA karanA ghRNita kArya hai. aisA karane vAlA vyakti kitanA bhI dAna de yA satya bole, na dAnI kahalAyegA aura nahIM satyavAdI : dAnataNo dAtAra na kahije, na kahije satavaMta sUrojI / sobhAgavaMta tiNane nahiM kahije, jiNane niMdyAro pUro jii| isI prakAra honahAra tathA kAlagati kI amiTatA spaSTa kI hai nizcaya bhAva kade nahiM cUke, bhAve karo kror3a prakAra / lAbha toTo sukha dukha bhugate, jIva bAMdhyA te lAra / Tale nahIM hovaNahAra / / kAla ke krUra hAthoM se koI nahIM baca sakatA: kAla taNo koI nahIM bharoso, tU paramAda meM pasiyo / viSaya thakI jIva cahu~ gata bhamiyo, to piNa bhoga ro rsiyo| bhAvAbhivyakti muni AsakaraNa jI eka mahAn jaina saMta the, ata: sahaja hI Apane saMtamahimA, caubIsa tIrthakara, solaha satiyA~, bIsa viharamAna, paryuSaNa parva, vinaya, zIla, dAna, tapa Adi 2 viSaya apane lekhana ke lie cune. jaina paramparA apanI kaThora tapasyA ke lie vizvavizruta hai. tapazcaryA ke vinA pUrvabaddha karmamala kA prakSaya nahIM ho sakatA. isa tathya ko dhyAna meM rakhakara Apane spaSTa samajhAyA hai ki tapa kA mahattva atyadhika hai aura usake vinA sAdhanA saphala nahIM ho sakatI. tapasyA to ajJAnapUrvaka karane para bhI niSphala nahIM jAtI. phira jJAna sahita tapa ke phala kA to pUchanA hI kyA hai. usase to anAdikAlIna bhavabhramaNa kA anta hI A jAtA hai aura punarjanma kA cakra baMda ho jAtA hai tapa bar3o saMsAra meM jIva ujvala thAve re, karma rUpa iMdhana bale ziva nagarI sidhAve re| ajJAna paNe tapasyA kare to hI nirphala na jAve re, jJAna sahita tapa je kare te garbhAvAsa meM na Ave re / tapa kI taraha hI Apane saMtoM kI mahimA darzAte hue batAyA hai ki saMta eka mahAn va nisvArtha sAdhaka hai jo jahAja kI taraha khuda to bhavasAgara se pAra hotA hI hai, sAtha hI apane samparka meM Ane vAloM ko bhI vinA kucha lie pAra kara detA hai jihAja samANA saMta Rsezvara, baiThe bhavi jIva prAya re| para upagArI muni koI dAma na mAMge, deve mugata pahu~cAya re| LI JainEdbhuener-int For Private & Personal use only
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________________ 30030300300303003003030300300300300 300 300 30 162 muni zrI hajArImala smRti grantha : prathama adhyAya Alocya kavi kI racanAoM ko dekhate hue spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki unakA adhyayana vizAla thA. unhoMne santasAhitya kA gambhIra adhyayana kiyA thA. santoM ke paramparAgata vicAroM ko pacAyA thA, jinameM kabIra bhI eka haiM. kaba maThapati kaba sinyAsI joI, kaba rAmAnandI kabIra paMthI hoI / kaba maMthana kaba rAmatI, kaba pAMDiyo kaba dAdUpaMthI || uparokta pada AcArya zrIAsakaraNa jI ne apanI jIva paribhramaNa racanA meM likhA hai. unhoMne batAyA hai ki AtmA anAdi hai aura vaha brahmAMDa meM paribhramaNa karate hue kabhI saMnyAsI, kabhI maThAdhipati, kabhI kabIrapaMthI va kabhI dAdUpaMthI ke rUpa meM avatarita hotI hai, kintu karmakAMDa ke pAkhaMDa meM phaMsakara hI mukti prApta nahIM kara sakI. kabIra ne bhI isIlie svayaM musalamAna hote hue bhI musalamAnoM ko tathA hinduoM ko bhI phaTakArA hai kAMkara pAthara jori ke masajida lai banAya, tA car3hi mullA bAMga de kyA bahirA bhayA khudAya | pothI padi 2 jaga muzrA paMDita bhayA na koya, DhAI akSara prema ke par3he so paMDita hoya / mAtra ko sAvadhAna hone muni zrI AsakaraNajI ne mAnava kA saMdeza dete hue bAra-bAra kahA hai ki honahAra ko koI nahIM TAla sakatA. rAvaNa jaise bar3e-bar3e rAjA hue kintu kAla kA grAsa bana gaye: laMkA nagarI ro sAhibo rAvaNa, kahyA baMdhava ika jo| kAla betAla jiraNAneI le gayo, laMka bhaI china meM rAkho / prANa molata jaba kAla rI pahuMce, tare kiMcita jora na cAle / kAla kI isI prabalatA ko dekhakara va janma-maraNa kI cakkI meM manuSyoM ko pisate dekhakara kabIra kA hRdaya ro uThA thA. calatI cAkI dekhi ke diyA kabIrA roya / do pAToM ke bIca meM sAbata bacA na koya // saMta tulasI ne bhI yahI bAta kahI hai : - jIva mAyA se prerita hokara dharmavimukha ho jAtA hai aura kabhI ucca tathA kabhI nIca karma karatA huA caurAsI lAkha yoniyoM meM bhaTakatA phiratA hai: dharma binA jIva bhagyo apAro, lAkha caurAsI ke kayahika UMco ki kabahika durbala kabahika mAro | bhI, mIco / prAkara cAri lakSa caurAsI, joni bhramata yaha jIva avinAzI, phirata sadA mAyA kari prerA, kAla karama subhAu guna herA / jaina paramparA tyAga - vairAgyamUlaka paramparA hai. isa paramparA ke anusAra sAhitya evaM jJAna kA pradhAna lakSya AtmahitasAdhanA hai. pratyeka jaina santa kavi ne tyAga vairAgya ke sudhAsrAvI svaroM ko hI udgIrNa kiyA hai. AcArya zrIAsakaraNajI sary.org
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________________ kamalA jIjI : prAcArya prAsakaraNajI : 163 MNEESERN3GENERNMENRNA ne isI pAvana paramparA kA nirvAha kiyA hai. isa kAraNa ApakI racanAoM meM aneka vizeSatAe~ samAviSTa huI haiM. ApakI eka bar3I vizeSatA yaha hai ki Apane jo bArahamAse likhe haiM ve rItikAlIna paramparA se bilakula bhinna haiM. rItikAlIna bArahamAsoM meM nAyaka, nAyikA, AlaMbana aura prakRtivarNana kA ghisA-pisA rAga alApA jAtA thA. nAyikA prakRti ke vibhinna rUpoM ko dekhakara nAyaka ke abhAva meM vikala hotI hai. kintu AsakaraNajI ne Rtu ko vairAgya va tapasyA ke preraNAprada bhAvoM ke preraka ke rUpa meM liyA hai. yathAcaitra mAsa manuSyoM ko cetAvanI dete hue kahatA hai ki manuSya janma pAyA hai to dharma kA Azraya lo. yaha bhava vyartha mata karo ceta kahe tame cetajyo, pAyo nara avatAro jI, kharacI lijo dharma dhyAna rI, eso jamAro ma hAro jii| isI prakAra sAvana bhI sAvadhAna karate hue kahatA hai ki sAghuoM kI vANI suno tAki pApa va puNya ko samajha sako aura phira kabhI janma na lenA par3e :--- sAvaNa suno vANI sAdha rI, suNiyAM pAtaka jAse jI / khabara par3e jI puNya pApa rI, jima garbhAvAsa na Ase jI / kalApakSa yadyapi ApakA lakSya pAMDitya kA pradarzana karanA nahIM thA, jisase ki kezavadAsa kI bhAMti ApakI hara paMkti meM alaMkAroM kI bharamAra hotI. phira bhI ApakI racanAoM meM sahaja hI alaMkAroM kI sundara chaTA apanI jhalaka dikhA detI hai. anuprAsa kA eka udAharaNa dekhiye : sahasa aThAre sAdhajI samaNi cAlIsa hajAra, eka lAkha guNa sahaja Upare zrAvaka huA vratadhAra / upamAlaMkAroM kA bAhulya hai : prArIsA aparA UparI meliyA, jehavI pAMsaliyA jANo re| hAtha ro paMjo baDa no pAnaDo, kulatha phaliyAM sukhI aMguliyA re / ApakI racanAoM meM karuNa, vIra, zRMgAra tathA raudra Adi rasoM kA bhI sundara paripAka huA hai. jaba neminAthajI vairAgya ho jAne para rAjula ko chor3a jAte haiM taba vaha karuNa vilApa kara uThatI hai : neNAM nIraja nAkhatI, jANe tUTyo motyAM no hAra, maiM pApa kiyA bhava pAchale, mone taja gayA nema kumAra / zAMta rasa ke udita ho jAne para hRdaya meM kaisI-kaisI bhAvanAe~ uThane lagatI haiM, ise AcAryazrI ne bar3e mArmika rUpa meM darzAyA hai kAyA mAyA kAramI, kAco ehano saMga reM lAla, jAtAM re bAra lAge nahIM, jima haladI no raMga lAla / tapa aura sAdhanA ke lie kitanA kaSTa aura pIr3A uThAnI par3atI hai, yaha hameM muni zrI dvArA racita gajasukumAlacarita meM dekhane ko milatA hai. gajasukumAla kA sasura unheM tapa karate dekhakara AgababUlA ho uThatA hai aura unake sAtha kaisA ALILALITALLA TIVE LAAAAAN wwwww LILLAIMILMurt LALAAN wwwwwwwwwy wy 101010101010 Idiolo Iolor ololololololo JainEdbuatorima nimalbleoney.org
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________________ Chang Zhuang Yao Ye Dai Zhang Zhang Zhang Zhang Zhu Zhu Gou Ye Le Ye Kai Zhu 164 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya vyavahAra karatA hai, yaha par3hakara raudrarasa hamAre sAmane sAkAra ho uThatA hai somala dekhI lAralo dezI, bAMdhI mATI nI pAla / mastaka khIrA meliyA aMgIrA, vedana bhaI asarAla / nADyAM tUTe ne bhejI phUTe, bala rahI nasAM jAla / chandoM meM Apane pracura mAtrA meM pada hI likhe haiM, para savaiyA aura dohA Adi chandoM kA bhI prayoga kiyA hai. vAstava meM AcArya zrIAsakaraNajI kI racanAe~ hindI sAhitya bhaMDAra kI anamola nidhi haiM. ApakI bahumUlya samasta racanAe~ upalabdha hone para nizcaya hI bhAratIya sAhitya kI zrIvRddhi hogI. vraja, bhojapurI, avadhI Adi bhArata kI vibhinna bhASAoM ke sAhitya kI apekSA nissaMdeha rAjasthAnI kA sAhitya adhika samRddha hai. DiMgala meM vIrarasa ke anekAneka graMtha upalabdha haiM. AcArya jI kI racanAe~ vIrarasa ke alAvA prema, tyAga, vairAgya Adi ke kSetra ko apanI rasamayI kAvyadhArA se siMcita karatI haiM. duHkha hai ki adhikAMza rAjasthAnI sAhitya aba taka aprakAzita hai aura kAvyapremiyoM ke lie anupalabdha hai. AzA hai hindI sAhitya-saMsAra AcArya jI ke sAhitya kA adhyayana kara usakA yathocita sanmAna karegA. vAstava meM ApakI racanAe~ mumukSuoM ke lie sAMtvanAprada aura AzA-kiraNa haiM. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ muni zrIlakSmIcandrajI mahArAja muni rUpacandrajI : eka khoja-pUrNa Alekha hindI va rAjasthAnI sAhitya ke vikAsa aura saMrakSaNa meM jaina muniyoM kA viziSTa yoga rahA hai. jaina muniyoM ne apanI anubhUti vyakta karane kA mAdhyama, lokabhASA ko banAkara, na kevala janasAdhAraNa ko mUlyavAn dArzanika va dhArmika vicAroM se paricita karAyA apitu prakArAntara se lokabhogya yA jana maMgalakArI sAhitya kI bhI sRSTi kI, jisase zatAbdiyoM taka mAnavatA anuprANita hotI A rahI hai. bhagavAn mahAvIra aura buddha ne bhI AtmAnubhUti ko aisI hI boghagamya bhASA meM vyakta karanA samucita samajhA ki sAmAnya jana bhI saralatA se uccatama vicAra AtmasAt kara jIvana ke prazasta patha kA anusaraNa kara sake. Aja taka adhikAMzataH sAhitya aura itihAsa-samIkSakoM ne isa prakAra kI maMgalamaya racanAoM ko kevala sAmpradAyika kRtiyAM ghoSita kara unheM dhArmika jagat taka hI sImita mAnA hai jabaki bhAratIya naitikatA kA jahA~ taka prazna hai, ina kA gaurava kisI bhI dRSTi se kama nahIM hai. bhale hI lAkSaNika dRSTi se aisI kRtiyoM kA sAhitya meM antarbhAva na hotA ho kintu mAnavatA ke mUlyAMkana evaM use ucca dharAtala para pratiSThita karane meM ina racanAoM kA nirvivAda mahattva hai. Aja ke zodhapradhAna yuga meM hindI sAhitya aura bhASA ke maulika mahattva para prakAza DAlane vAle pracura prayatna hue haiM. pUrvAjita evaM saMcita saMpatti-hastalikhita granthoM kA anveSaNa kiyA jA rahA hai. aura dinAnudina navya bhavya puSpa mAtA zAradA ke jJAnamandira se samupalabdha hote hI rahate haiM. prasaMgata: yaha sUcita kara denA Avazyaka jAna par3atA hai ki aba bhI bahuta-se aise sthAna haiM jo anveSaNa kI pratIkSA meM haiM. kaI kavi aise haiM jinakA ullekha adyAvadhi prakAzita kisI bhI hindI sAhitya aura bhASA ke itihAsa meM nahIM huA hai. jaba taka prAcIna jJAnAgAroM kA vyApaka rUpa se sarvekSaNa nahIM ho jAtA taba taka hindI kA itihAsa apUrNa rahegA. rAjasthAna kI sAMskRtika paramparA meM jaina paramparA zatAbdiyoM se mUrdhanya rahI hai. jaina santoM ne apane laukika evaM lokottara sAdhanAmUlaka vicAroM se janamAnasa ko prabhAvita kiyA hai. tathya to yaha hai ki eka samaya thA jaba AcArya haribhadra sUri jaise bahuzruta manISI ne sampUrNa pazcima bhArata ko saMskRti ke sUtra meM bAMdha rakhA thA jisakI paramparA AMzika parivartana ke sAtha Aja bhI vidyamAna hai. kAlika paristhitiyoM ke anusAra vaha paramparA kaI sampradAyoM meM vibhakta hone para bhI maulikadRSTyA eka hai. jisa prakAra hindI ke bhakta kaviyoM meM saguNa aura nirguNa dhArAe~ pravartita haiM usI prakAra jaina paramparA meM bhI donoM dhArAe~ samAna rUpa se pracalita rahI haiM. yahA~ nirguNa paramparAvAdI sampradAya kA ullekha vivakSita hai, jisane rAjasthAna ke janamAnasa ko ullekhya rUpa se prabhAvita kara sAhitya-sRSTi kI hai. hamArA tAtparya sthAnakavAsI sampradAya se hai. yaha paramparA sAdhanA meM bAhyADambaroM ko mahattva nahIM detI. zuddha jJAna aura cAritra ke prati naiSThika bhAvanAoM ko jIvana meM sAkAra karanA hI isakA lakSya rahA hai. AtmotthAna ke lie vaha kisI aise nimitta ko mahattva nahIM detI jo sAdhaka ko Jain Education m nat
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________________ 166 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-prantha : prathama adhyAya ****** 2222880*20MINE eka sImA meM ulajhA de. sAdhanA kA kSetra spaSTa aura ahiMsAvAdI apekSita hai. sva ke atirikta para ko AtmotthAna meM sthAnakavAsI paramparA sAdhaka bAdhaka nahIM mAnatI. sthAnakavAsI muni-samAja ne bhale hI vidvadbhogya sAhitya kI ullekhanIya sevA na kI ho para sAMskRtika dRSTi se jana-jIvanaunnayana ke lie jo sUtrAtmaka evaM geya kRtiyAM racI haiM unakA apanA sthAna hai. santa-sAhitya kA Alocaka varga isakI upekSA nahIM kara sakatA. sAmAnya padyoM meM anubhavamUlaka satya sImita zabdAvalI meM samupasthita karanA, dIrghakAlIna sakSama sAdhaka ke lie hI saMbhava hai parantu bar3e hI kheda aura paritApa ke sAtha sUcita karanA par3a rahA hai ki Aja ke vaijJAnika aura zodhapradhAna yuga meM bhI hamArA vidvAn muni-samudAya apane hI pUrvajoM kI kRtiyoM ke prati udAsIna hai. yahI kAraNa hai ki hamAre pAsa sAhityika zRMkhalAe~ vidyamAna hone ke bAvajUda bhI isakA vyavasthita va prAmANika itihAsa sAmane nahIM AyA hai. kisI bhI samAja kI uccatA aura darzanamUlaka paramparA kA vAstavika paricaya usake sAhitya meM pratibimbata hotA hai. prastuta prabandha meM dharmadAsIya paramparA ke eka pratibhAsampanna muni zrIrUpacandrajI mahArAja-jo AcArya zrIjayamalajI mahArAja ke suziSya the--ke sambandha meM katipaya vicAra upasthita kie jA rahe haiM. jayapura, jodhapura, ratalAma, bAlotarA Adi pazcimIya bhArata inakA vihArakSetra rahA thA. inakI aupadezika vANI kA prabhAva mahaloM se lagAkara jhoMpar3oM taka vistRta thA. uccAdarzamUlaka saMyamamaya jIvana vyatIta karate hue AtmAnubhUti ko lipibaddha kara inhoMne jo vicArakaNa dezya bhASA meM prastuta kie haiM, unase vidita hotA hai ki cAritra kI ekaniSTha sAdhanA meM ve itane tanmaya the ki usameM tanika bhI zaithilya kSamya nahIM mAnate the. jaisA ki inakI 47 padyAtmaka eka laghukRti se avagata hotA hai. isameM koI sandeha nahIM ki vikrama kI 18vIM zatAbdI meM samAja meM, bar3A viSama vAtAvaraNa thA. kaI sampradAyoM ke upasampradAya, vyakti vizeSa ke prabhAva ke kAraNa banate jA rahe the. sthAnakavAsI samAja bhI isa prabhAva se apane Apako na bacA sakA. munijIvana ke dainika AcAroM meM svalpa zaithilya praviSTa ho gayA thA. guNoM ke sthAna para vyaktipUjA panapa rahI thI. muni rUpacandajI ne inakA virodha karate hue muni samAja ko niraticAra jIvanayApana karane kI mahatI preraNA dI. ghoSita kiyA ki jaba hameM AtmotkarSa ke svarNima patha kA anusaraNa karanA hai aura janajIvana ko naye mAnadaNDa ke AdhAra para ucca sthAna para pratiSThApita karanA hai to hamArA AMtarika jIvana atyanta zuddha aura ucca AdarzAnuvyaMjaka honA cAhie. uccAcAra hI sAdhujIvana kA saurabha hai. samAja aura rASTra kA vAstavika utthAna sadAcArika aura saMyamazIla muniparamparA para hI avalaMbita hai. nirAkAMkSI jIvana hI preraNA kA srota bana sakatA hai aura rASTrIya caritra kA pratIka bhI. muni rUpacandrajI ke samaya rAjasthAna sAmaMtavAdI bhogavilAsoM meM anurakta thA. una dinoM santoM kI sAdhanA janajIvana ko uddIpta karatI huI naitika kartavya ke prati AkarSita kara rahI thI. yahA~ yaha kahane kI zAyada hI AvazyakatA raha jAtI hai ki upadeza ke kSetra meM gadya kI apekSA padyAtmaka zailI rAjasthAna ke lie adhika upayukta thI. uccatama AdhyAtmika va naitika bhAvoM ko abhivyakta karane vAlI muni rUpacandrajI kI jisa sphuTa racanA kA uparyukta paMktiyoM meM ullekha kiyA gayA hai usakA nirmANakAla saM0 1820 kA caitra aura racanAkSetra navasara grAma hai. jaisA ki ina paMktiyoM se pramANita hai. saMvat aThArevIsA ne same, navasara gAma majhAra m0....| ceta mahine re joDaja e karI bhava jIvAM ne upakAra (saM0 45) / rAjasthAna meM una dinoM sthAnakavAsI sampradAya kaI upa-sampradAyoM meM vibhakta thA jaisA ki tAtkAlika sAdhumArgIya paTTAvaliyoM se spaSTa hai. AcArya zrIjayamalajI mahArAja ne apanI AdhyAtmika sAdhanA ke bala para una dinoM bIkAnera aura jodhapura nagara evaM tatsannikaTavartI bahubhAga meM nivAsa karane vAle osavAla logoM ko sthAnakavAsI paramparA meM dIkSita KHARDaily Sum m aNIA Dm 10 Jain ETC STATE y.org
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________________ muni lakSmIcandajI : eka khoja-pUrNa Alekha : 167 / kiyA. unake dvArA isa paramparA meM dIkSita hone vAloM kA samudAya Age cala kara jayamalajI sampradAya ke nAma se abhihita huA. kabIra, nAnaka nahIM cAhate the ki merI satriya vicAradhArA ko mere anuyAyI mere nAma se abhihita kareM. ThIka isI prakAra muni zrIjayamalajI mahArAja ne svapna meM bhI kalpanA nahIM kI hogI ki zramaNasaMgha kI isa dhArA kI upazAkhA ke rUpa meM merA nAma saMyukta kiyA jAya. para taduttaravartI muniyoM ne apane paramopakArI kI smRti surakSita rakhane ke liye nAma saMyukta kara liyA ho to koI Azcarya nahIM. yoM to pratyeka sampradAya ke jaina muniyoM kA jIvanakrama aMtarmukhI arthAt mUlaguNamUlaka hI hotA hai, phira bhI jayamalajI ne mUla guNa kI rakSA karanevAle uttara guNoM ko bhI ullekhanIya prazraya diyA aura apane sampradAya meM kucha aise saMzodhana samupasthita kiye jinase saMyama kI sAdhanA ko Antarika bala prApta ho sake. XXNXNNERRENER288449396 - ~
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________________ zrIzAntA bhAnAvata zrItiloka RSi kI kAvyasAdhanA hindI sAhitya meM 'santa' zabda sAmAnyataH nirguNopAsaka kaviyoM ke lie aura 'bhakta' zabda saguNopAsaka kaviyoM ke lie rUr3ha ho gayA hai. santa kaviyoM meM kabIra kA sthAna sarvopari hai. idhara jaba se jaina sAhitya ke prati vidvAnoM kI dRSTi gaI hai taba se santasAhitya kI paridhi adhika vyApaka ho gaI hai. nirguNamArgI santa kaviyoM kI taraha jaina santa kaviyoM ne bhI nAmasmaraNa, sadgurumAhAtmya, kaSAyaparityAga, bhAvazuddhi, jJAnopAsanA, saMyamavRtti, bAhyADambara-virodha aura antaraMga upAsanA para adhika bala diyA hai. saca to yaha hai ki ye jaina kavi jIvana se bhI utane hI santa haiM jitane kAvya se. inakI dharmasAdhanA ne hI unheM kAvyasAdhanA kI ora unmukha kiyA hai. zrItilokaRSi aise hI santa kaviyoM kI mAlA meM ujjvala manake ke rUpa meM dedIpyamAna hai. jaina samAja meM unakI lokapriyatA kabIra se hor3a letI hai. inake kavitta, savaiye aura muktaka pada adhyAtmapremI logoM dvArA isI prakAra gAye jAte haiM jisa prakAra rasikoM dvArA bihArI ke dohe. jIvanavRtta tilokaRSi kA janma vi0 saMvat 1604 meM caitra kRSNA tRtIyA, budhavAra ko ratalAma meM huA. inake pitA dulIcandajI surANA nagara ke pratiSThita vyakti the. unheM bhautika vaibhava ke sabhI sAdhana upalabdha the, phira bhI unakI dharma ke prati gaharI niSThA aura jinavANI ke prati utkaTa zraddhA thI. Alocya kavi kI mAtA nAnU bAI bhI dharmaprANa mahilA thI. mAtA pitA ke ina dhArmika saMskAroM ne 'bAlaka' tiloka ko 'RSi' tiloka banAne meM bar3A yoga diyA. janma se cAra mAsa pUrva hI kavi ke pitA isa loka se kUca kara gaye the. janmajAta pitRviyogI bAlaka tiloka ke kavi-jIvana meM isa abhAva ne aneka bhAva-ratnoM kI sRSTi kI. jaba kavi dasa varSa kA thA tabhI jJAna-kriyA-sampanna paMDita ayavantA RSijI apane ziSya-parivAra ke sAtha ratalAma padhAre. kavi apanI mAM ke sAtha unakA pravacana sunane gayA. 'vairAgya' bhAvanA para unakA pravacana itanA adhika marmasparzI aura hRdayagrAhI thA ki kavi kI mAtA nAnU bAI Atmavibhora ho gaI aura saMyamapatha para bar3hane kA dRr3ha saMkalpa kara baiThI. mAM ko saMyamamArga para bar3hate dekha beTI hIrAbAI kaise ruka sakatI thI ? aura beTe 'tiloka' kA kyA kahanA ? vaha to tIna loka kI kalyANakAmanA kA saMskAra lekara isa bhava meM avatarA thA. kyA huA yadi usakA vAgdAna sailAnA nivAsinI zrImatI cunnIbAI kI lADalI beTI gulAbakuvara ke sAtha nizcita ho gayA ? lo, vaha bhAvI jIvana-saMginI bhI isa loka se cala basI / saMsAra kI asAratA aura kAyA kI nazvaratA ke do citra sAmane the| bAlaka tiloka sAdhanApatha para bar3ha calA. bhAI kuvaramala se na rahA gayA, usane bhI saMyama kA rAstA apanAyA. phalataH saMvat 1914 meM mAgha kRSNA pratipadA, guruvAra ko ayavantA RSijI ke sAnnidhya meM eka hI parivAra ke cAra vyakti (mAM, beTI aura do beTe) dIkSita hue. Jain Education means MONIACiry.org (CRU
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________________ zAntA bhAnAvata : tilokaRSijI kI kAvyasAdhanA: 166 jaina AcAra ke anusAra caumAsA (varSAvAsa) ke atirikta jaina santa ke lie eka sthAna para adhika ThaharanA niSiddha hai. jaina santa kI caraNa-gaMgA satata pravahamAna rahane meM hI Ananda aura tRpti kA anubhava karatI hai. dIkSA lete hI kavi tiloka apane guru ayavantARSijI ke sAtha vihAra karate rahe. apane guru ke sAtha hI kavi ne jAvarA, zujAlapura, pratApagar3ha, zAjApura, bhopAla, baraDAvadA Adi sthAnoM para cAturmAsa kiye. saM0 1922 meM ayavantA RSi jI devalokavAsI hue taba se kavi svatantra cAturmAsa karane lagA. kavi ke ye cAturmAsa mAlavapradeza taka hI sImita na rahe. eka ora usane bAgar3a pradeza ke dhariyAvada kSetra ko sparza kara pichar3I jAti ke logoM, bhIloM, mINoM Adi ko saccA jIvana jIne kI kalA sikhAI to dUsarI ora dakSiNa bhArata ke achUte kSetroM ko apanI pada-raja se pavitra kara viparIta zraddhAlu logoM ko dharma kA mUla tattva batAyA. isI tattvasaMdhAna meM ekAnta lIna rahane vAlA yaha kavi 36 varSa kI alpAyu meM hI isa loka se cala basA. antima dinoM meM kavi tIvra zirovedanA aura bhayaMkara vyAdhi se pIr3ita rahA. saM0 1940 meM zrAvaNa kRSNA dvitIyA, ravivAra ko ahamadanagara meM isa santa kavi ne mAnavalIlA saMvaraNa kI. zrI tiloka-ratna-sthAnakavAsI jaina dhArmika parIkSA borDa, pAtharDI, Aja bhI isa jJAnarata sAdhaka kI yazaHsurabhi cAroM ora bikhera rahA hai. RAMNAMMAMERMERMINE kAvya-sAdhanA tilokaRSi kA jIvana jitanA sAdhanAmaya aura jJAnarata thA, unakA kAvya utanA hI bhAvanAmaya aura saMgIta-tattva se pUrNa. unhoMne apanI kAvya-ArAdhanA sahaja bhAva se kI. jahA~ kArIgarI hai vahA~ bhI unakA akRtrima saMta-svabhAva hI Age rahA hai. kavitA karanA unakA vyavasAya nahIM thA, unakA vyavasAya to thA lokamAnasa ko prabuddha karanA. isa lokajAgRti aura Atmonnati meM kAvya jitanA sahAyaka hotA, kavi usa anupAta meM use AtmasAta kara Age bar3hatA. dUsare zabdoM meM ye santa pahale the, kavi bAda meM. kavi tiloka RSi ne vipula parimANa meM likhA. jana-sAdhAraNa ke liye bhI likhA aura vidvanamaMDalI ke liye bhI likhA. svAntaHsukhAya bhI likhA aura lokahitAya bhI. prabandhakAvya bhI likhA aura muktaka bhI. sthUla rUpa se unakI kAvyasAmagrI ko do bhAgoM meM bA~TA jA sakatA hai(1) rasAtmaka kRtiyA~ aura (2) kalAtmaka kRtiyA~. rasAtmaka kRtiyoM ko sAmAnyataH tIna bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai. (ka) stavanamUlaka (kha) AkhyAnamUlaka (ga) aupadezika, kalAtmaka kRtiyoM ko bhI do bhAgoM meM rakhA jA sakatA hai (ka) citrakAvyAtmaka aura (kha) gUDhArthamUlaka. yahA~ pratyeka kA saMkSipta paricaya prastuta kiyA hai. (1) rasAtmakakRtiyA~ ye kRtiyA~ vizuddha sAhityika rasabodha kI dRSTi se racI gaI haiM. inameM kavi kI anubhUti, usakA lokanirIkSaNa aura geya vyaktitva samAviSTa hai. sAdhAraNataH saMta kaviyoM ke sambandha meM mAnA jAtA hai ki ve adhika par3he likhe nahIM hote. jo kucha AtmAnubhava karate use hI zabdoM kA rUpa de dete. isaliye vahA~ kalA ke darzana nahIM hote. para hamArA Alocya kavi tiloka RSi isa paramparAgata artha meM santa kavi nahIM thA. vaha AgamoM kA paMDita, saMskRta, prAkRta, hindI, rAjasthAnI Adi bhASAoM kA vidvAn, zAstrIya jJAna kA dhanI, vibhinna chandoM kA jAnakAra tathA lokapracalita rIti-rivAjoM, vizvAsoM evaM paramparAoM kA jJAtA thA. yahI kAraNa hai ki usakI racanAoM meM eka ora saMta kavi kA sAralya hai to dUsarI ora zAstrajJa kavi kA pANDitya. unase nirA nivRttimUlaka upadeza nahIM milatA varan pravRttimUlaka rasagrahaNa bhI hotA hai. ye rasAtmaka kRtiyA~ tIna prakAra kI haiMstavanamUlaka bhAratIya sAdhanAmArga meM nAmasmaraNa evaM Izvara-stuti kA bar3A mahattva hai. santoM evaM bhaktoM donoM ne isa prakAra kI racanAe~ likhI haiM. bhaktoM ne bhagavAna ke sAtha apanA pArivArika sambandha adhika jor3A hai. kabhI yaha sambandha svAmI aura sevaka kA rakhA to kabhI mA~ aura beTe kA rahA, kabhI yaha sambandha pati aura patnI kA rahA to kabhI pitA aura putra kA HTTET
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________________ 170 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya MEENNEREMKXXXNNXNNEHERE rahA. santoM meM yaha vyaktiparaka sambandha kama aura nAma kA mAhAtmya adhika rahA hai, tiloka RSi ne caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM, paMca parameSThiyoM, gaNadharoM aura santa-satiyoM kI stuti vizeSa rUpa se kI hai. stutiyoM meM unake bAhya rUparaMga kA varNana kama aura Antarika zakti tathA garimA kA varNana adhika rahA hai. udAharaNa ke liye 'paMca parameSThI vandanA' ko dekhA jA sakatA hai. arihantoM kI vandanA karate hue kavi ne unake karmakSayakaraNa svabhAva, cauMtIsa atizaya, paitIla vANI, zArIrika saundarya, anantaguNa, nirdoSa bhAva Adi kA smaraNa kiyA hai. namo zrI arihanta, karmoM kA kiyA anta, huA so kevalavanta karuNA bhaMDArI hai, atizaya cauMtIsa dhAra, paiMtIsa vANI uccAra, samajhAveM naranAra para upakArI hai| zarIra sundarAkAra, sUraja so jhalakAra, guNa hai ananta sAra, doSa parihArI hai, kahata tiloka rikha mana vaca kAyA kari, luli-luli bArambAra vandanA hamArI hai / siddhoM kI vandanA karate hue unake acala. aTalarUpa, AvAgamana-cakra-mukti, sarva karmakSayI evaM kAlajayI vyaktitva, nirvikAra evaM nirlepa svarUpa Adi kI stuti kI hai. sakala karama TAla, vaza kara liyo kAla, mugati meM rahyA mAla, AtamA ko tArI hai, dekhata sakala bhAva, huA hai jagata rAva, sadA hI khAyaka bhAva, bhaye avikArI hai| acala, aTalarUpa Ave nahIM bhavakUpa, anUpa sarUpa Upa, aise siddhadhArI hai, kahata hai 'tiloka rikha' batAo vAsa prabhu sadA hI ugate sUra, vandanA hamArI hai| AcAryoM kI vandanA karate hue unake 36 guNoM, AcAraniSThA, madhura vacanAmRta, netRtvagarimA, lokahitabhAvanA Adi kA kIrtana kiyA hai. guNa hai chattIsa pura, dharata dharama ura, mArata karama krUra, sumata vicArI hai, zuddha so AcAravanta, suMdara hai rUpa kanta bhaNyA saba hI siddhAnta, vAMcaNI supyArI hai| adhika madhura beNa, koI nahIM lope keNa, sakala jIvAM kA seNa, kIrata apArI hai, kahata hai 'tilokarikha' hitakArI deta sIkha, aise AcAraja tAkU vandanA hamArI hai| upAdhyAyoM kI vandanA karate hue unake aMga upAMgAdi zAstroM ke paThana, nIra-kSIra-vivekI buddhi, bhramavidhvaMsaka vyaktitva, tapatejasvitA, agAdha pAMDitya, tarkazakti Adi guNoM kA smaraNa kiyA hai. par3hata igyAre aMga, karamoM suM kare jaMga, pAkhaMDI ko mAnabhaMga karaNa husiyArI hai, cavade pUraba dhAra, jAnata Agama sAra, bhavina ke sukhakAra, bhramatA nivArI hai / par3hAve bhavika jana, sthira kara deta mana, tapa kara tAve tana mamatA nivArI hai, kahata hai 'tiloka rikha' jJAna bhAnu paratikha, aise upAdhyAya tAkuM vandanA hamArI hai| sAdhuoM kI vandanA karate hue unake Atma-saMyama, samiti gupti pAlana, chaH kAya kI rakSA, mahAvrata pAlana, kaSAya-tyAga, mamatA-nivAraNa, svAdhyAya, kriyA, prabhubhakti Adi vividha AcAroM kA bakhAna kiyA hai AdarI saMyama bhAra, karaNi kare apAra, samiti gupatidhAra vikathA nivArI hai, jayaNA kare chaH kAya, sAvadya na bole vAya, bujhAya kaSAya lAya, kiriyA bhaMDArI hai| jJAna bhaNai ALU yAma, leveM bhagavaMta nAma, dharama ko kare kAma, mamatA kUmArI hai, kahata hai 'tiloka rikha' karamoM ko TAle bikha, aise munirAja tAkU vaMdanA hamArI hai / (kha) AkhyAnamUlaka stavanAtmaka racanAoM meM gItitattva adhika surakSita raha sakA hai. AkhyAnamUlaka kRtiyA~ prabandha kAvya kI koTi meM AtI haiM ___Jain M omintumional Fol Papers www.aine brary.org
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________________ SHRIMAR 12419 zAntA bhAnAvata : tilokaRSijI kI kAvyasAdhanA : 171 para ye mahAkAvya aura khaNDakAvya kI kasauTI para nahIM kasI jA sakatIM, yadyapi inameM kaI bhAvapUrNa rasAtmaka sthala haiM para pradhAna dRSTi itivRtta para hI rahI hai. kathAnaka anta kI ora daur3ate pratIta hote haiM. sabhI meM dhArmika dRSTi aura upadeza kI bhAvanA pramukha rahI hai. ina kathAoM ke nAyaka vaibhavazAlI rAjA bhI haiM aura navayauvanasampanna rAjakumAra bhI. nagara ke prakhyAta seTha-sAhUkAra bhI haiM aura zIladharma para prANa denevAlI sadanAriyA~ bhI. itanA avazya kahA jAyagA ki sAre pAtra U~ce kula aura vaibhava-vilAsa se sambandha rakhanevAle haiM. sAmAnya pAtroM kI ora kavi kA dhyAna zAyada isalie nahIM gayA, kyoMki vaha bhukti se mukti kI ora, bhoga se yoga kI ora, aura rAga se virAga kI ora jIvana-pravAha ko gati denA cAhatA hai. kahIM-kahIM to ye AkhyAna kevala padyabaddha kathA-kAvya banakara hI raha gaye haiM. ina AkhyAnaparaka kRtiyoM meM kaI kAvya-rUpa dRSTigata hote haiM. jina AkhyAnoM ko cAra DhAloM meM gumphita kiyA gayA hai ve 'cauDhAliyA' nAma se abhihita kiye gaye haiM. sudarzana seTha, arjunamAlI, naMdISeNa muni, vardhamAna svAmI, khaMdaka muni, metAraja muni, prAnanda, kAmadeva Adi racanAe~ 'cauDhAliyA' saMjJaka racanAoM kA pratinidhitva karatI haiM. jo AkhyAna pA~ca DhAloM meM likhe gaye haiM ve 'paMcaDAliyA~' nAma se prasiddha haiM. 'mahAvIra svAmI kA paMcaDhAliyA' tathA 'bhRgu purohita paMcaDhAliyA' aisI hI racanAe~ haiM, jinameM pramukha nAyaka kA caritra pradhAnataH varNita hai ve 'caritra kAvya' kahe gae haiM. aise caritra kAvyoM meM Alocya kavi dvArA likhe gaye zrIcaMda kevalI caritra, zrIsItA caritra, zrInemicaritra, haMsakezavacaritra, dharmabuddhi pApabuddhi caritra, zreNika caritra, zAlibhadra caritra, samarAdinya kevalI caritra Adi pramukha haiM. 'lAvaNI' nAma se bhI kaI AkhyAna padyabaddha kiye gaye haiM, kAla kI lAvaNI, jIva-rakSA kI lAvaNI, gajasukumAla kI lAvaNI, dhannAjI kI lAvaNI, paMcama ArA kI lAvaNI Adi aisI hI racanAeM haiM. 'chaMda' saMjJaka racanAoM meM zrIAcArya chaMda, zrIpArzvanAthajI kA chaMda, sAdhu chaMda Adi ke nAma ginAye jA sakate haiM. rAjamatI bArahamAsA, gautama svAmI rAsa, jayakumAra kI caupAI Adi racanAe~ bhI isI varga kI haiM. ina AkhyAnamUlaka racanAoM ke sambandha meM itanA kahanA hI paryApta hogA ki ve prabhAva DAlane meM bar3I kAragara siddha huI haiM. jana sAdhAraNa meM dharma-pracAra karane ke sAdhana rUpa meM ina racanAoM kI bar3I upayogitA hai. (ga) aupadezika kAvya ke mAdhyama se upadeza denA saMta kaviyoM kI sAmAnya pravRtti rahI hai. jinameM kavitvapratibhA nahIM hotI ve sIdhA aupadezika bhAva prakaTa kara hI raha jAte haiM para jise kavitA kA varadAna prApta hai vaha lAkSaNika abhivyakti dvArA usa bhAvavizeSa ko sarala banA detA hai. yoM to kavi ne sAmAnyataH saMsAra kI asAratA, zarIra kI nazvaratA, mana kI caMcalatA kAmabhogoM kI nissAratA Adi kA varNana kara sAdhaka ko kaSAya-tyAga, vrata-pAlana, dayA-dAna, sAmAyika, pratikramaNa Adi vRttiyoM kI ora abhimukha kiyA hai. yadi kavi ina bhAvanAoM ko abhidheya artha meM hI grahaNa karake raha jAtA to vaha padyakAroM kI zreNI meM hI ginA jAtA hai para tiloka RSi ne apanI rUpakayojanA dvArA sAmAnya laukika bhAvoM meM bhI alaukika saundarya aura adhyAtmabhAvoM kA mAdhurya bhara diyA hai. yaha rUpakayojanA sAmAnyata: cAra rUpoM meM vyavahRta huI hai. jitane bhI laukika tyauhAra haiM unheM adhyAtma bhAvanA kA raMga diyA gayA hai. ina tyauhAroM meM dazaharA, dhanaterasa, rUpacavadasa, dIpAvalI, holI, zItalA saptamI, vasantapaMcamI, akSayatRtIyA, gaNagaura, paryuSaNa parva Adi tyauhAroM ko kavi ne apanA varNya viSaya banAyA hai. deza aura kAla ko bhI kavi ne AdhyAtma bhAvoM meM bAMdhA hai. jina-jina gA~voM aura nagaroM meM kavi ne pada-yAtrA kI hai unake nAmoM aura guNoM ko lokottara artha meM DhAlakara AtmA ko pavitra banAne kA upadeza diyA gayA hai. kAla kI dRSTi se kavi ne eka ora bArahamAsA ko rUDhigata virahAlApa se bAhara nikAla kara adhyAtma kSetra kI ora mor3A hai to dUsarI ora sAta vAroM soma, maMgala, budha, guru, zukra, zani, ravi ko bhI Atmadharma se upamita kiyA hai. sAmAnya nAma saMskaraNa praNAlI ko bhI adhyAtma raMga meM raMga diyA gayA hai. isa yaha prAzaya kA eka kavitta uddhRta kiyA jAtA hai : premasI jumbhArasiMha vaza kiyA jIvarAja, mAnasiMha bhAIdAsa milyA cArau bhAI hai, karmacandra kAThA bhayA, rUpacandajI se pyAra, dhanarAjajI kI bAta cAhata sadAI hai| Gan ya ASNA RSS LATED SS Laf ___ Jat HALI QUALITET UUNDU library.org N: JiGHA NIMALSunny
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________________ 102 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-prantha : prathama adhyAya HMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMME jJAnacandajI kI bAta sune na cetanarAya, zrAveM nahIM dayAcanda sadA sukhadAI hai, kahata tilokarikha manAya lIje nemicanda, nahIM to kAlUrAma aAyAM vipata savAI hai| virAT sAMga rUpaka bA~dhakara kavi ne jo upadeza diye haiM ve camatkAra prakaTa nahIM karate varan unameM nijIpana, gharelU vAtAvaraNa aura lokavyavasthA kA viziSTa citraNa hai. rAjyavyavasthA ke kutsita aura Adarza donoM citroM ko kavi ne bar3I khUbI ke sAtha antaraMga-Atmaparaka-vyavasthA ke sAtha phiTa baiThAyA hai. kutsita citra: kAyA rUpa nagarI meM cidAnanda rAja kare, krodha-koTabAla mAna-siMha pradhAna hai, kapaTa hoM lobha char3IdAra banyo tAmeM, moha phaujadAra ati karata gumAna hai| Adarza citra: jIva rUpa rAjA samakita paradhAna jAke, jJAna ko bhaMDAra zIla rUpa ratha sArake, kSamA rUpa gaja mana haya ko svabhAva vega, saMjama kI senA tapa zrAyudha apAra ke | sajjhAya bAjiMtra, zubha dhyAna nejA pharakata, raiyata cha kAya so bacAya karma mAra ke, mokSa gaDha jItavA ko, kahata tilokarikha, kariye saMgrAma aisI dhIrajatA dhAra ke / kalAtmaka kRtiyA~ : tilokaRSi ke kavi-vyaktitva ke sAtha unake citrakAra-vyaktitva ne mila kara kaI navIna, maulika, kalAtmaka kRtiyoM ko janma diyA. ina kalAtmaka kRtiyoM meM kavi kI ekAgratA, usakI sUjha, lekhanakalA citraNa-kSamatA aura apAra bhASAzakti kA paricaya milatA hai. ye kalAtmaka kRtiyA~ do prakAra kI haiM : (ka) citrakAvyAtmaka : saMskRta AcAryoM ne citrakAvya ko adhama kAvya kahA hai aura dhvanikAvya ko zreSTha kAvya. vivecya citrakAvya usa tathAkathita "citrakAvya" se bhinna hai. yahA~ "citrakAvya" kA prayoga kAvya kI vizeSa lekhanapaddhati dvArA nirmita citra ke prasaMga meM kiyA gayA hai. aise citrakAvya kI sRSTi vahI kara sakatA hai jisameM kavi kA hRdaya ho, citrakAra kA lAghava ho, gaNitajJa kI buddhi ho aura sthitaprajJa kI tanmayatA ho. kahanA na hogA ki tilokaRSi ne ina sabakA dAyitva kuzalatA ke sAtha nibhAyA hai. ina citroM ko "kAvyAtmaka citra" bhI kahA jA sakatA hai para pradhAna dRSTi citra banAne kI rahI hai. isIliye hamane ina kRtiyoM ko "citrakAvyAtmaka" saMjJA dI hai. ye citrakAvya do prakAra ke haiM. sAmAnya aura rUpakAtmaka. sAmAnya citroM meM kavi ne svaracita yA kisI prasiddha kavi kI kavitAoM-dohe, savaiye, kavitta Adi ko isa DhaMga se likhA hai ki eka citra sA khar3A ho jAtA hai. samudrabandha, nAgapAza bandha Adi kRtiyA~ isI prakAra kI haiM. ina citroM ke nAmAnurUpa bhAva vAlI kavitAoM ko hI yahA~ lipibaddha kiyA gayA hai. samudrabandha kRti meM saMsAra ko samudra ke rUpa meM upamita karane vAlI kavitA kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai. nAgapAzabandha meM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke jIvana kI usa ghaTanA ko vyakta karane vAlA chanda sannihita hai jisameM unhoMne kamaTha tApasa kI paMcAgni se, saMkaTagrasta nAgadampatI kA uddhAra kiyA thA. prayukta chanda isa prakAra hai : amara uddharaNa dhIra gambhIra, bhavika bhava pAra utAraNa rakSA karaNa samaMda kamaTha tApasa mada hAraNa / saMkaTa uragaMgavAya kharaga padavI ThavI sAraNa, vikaTa kamaTha diyo kaSTa sahI jaladala vistAraNa / jaba nAgadeva karUra bhaye dahala tapavina na gaNa, sakha diyo trividha vicitra sahI pArasa garU tAraNa taraNa / "citrAlaMkAra kAvya" kavi kI ekAgratA, bauddhikatA aura zramazIlatA kA pratyakSa pramANa hai. isameM prArambha se aMta taka kI kula 36 paMktiyoM meM 36 dohe likhe gaye haiM. prathama paMkti meM maMgalAcaraNa, dvitIya paMkti se paccIsavIM paMkti taka 24 tIrthaMkaroM ke stutiparaka 24 dohe haiM. tadanantara kramazaH namaskAra maMtra ke 5 dohe, triratna ke 3 dohe aura deva, guru, dharma punm.jainehrary.org Jain Education in or Private & Personals
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________________ zAntA bhAnAvata : tilokaRSijI kI kAvyasAdhanA : 173 ENERMINAWWENEMIERENNETWENENKIN viSayaka 3 dohe diye gaye haiM. yahI nahIM, bIca-bIca meM chatrabaMdha, durgabaMdha tathA gomUtrikA baMdha meM tIna prakAra ke namaskAra maMtra diye gaye haiM. racanAkAla, racanAkAra Adi kA nAma bhI bar3I khUbI se likha diyA gayA hai. azoka vRkSa, jyotiSacakra Adi bhI isI prakAra kI kalAkRtiyA~ haiM. rUpakAtmaka citrakAvyoM meM kavi kI rUpaka yojaka-vRtti hI kAma karatI rahI hai. jJAnakaMjara aura zIlaratha ke rUpakAtmaka citra atyanta sundara bana par3e haiM. hAthI kavi kA priya pratIka rahA hai. 'jJAnakuMjara' una logoM ke lie, jo par3he-likhe nahIM haiM, jaina dharma ke samagra siddhAntoM ko samajhane kI kuMjI hai. vibhinna AdhyAtmika jJAna se paripUrNa akSaroM dvArA hAthI kA yaha citra bar3A bhavya aura vizAla hai. 24 tIrthaMkaroM ke nAma likhakara hAthI kI sUDa, gaNadharoM ke nAma likhakara usakA kAna, jJAna rUpa usakI A~kha, dhIraja aura dharma likhakara usakI daMtUre, battIsa AgamoM ke nAma likhakara usake pA~va, pA~ca mahAvratoM ke nAma likhakara usa para car3hane kI sIr3hiyA~ Adi banAI gaI haiM. dAna dayA rUpI mahAvata ke hAthoM meM upadeza aura jJAna kA aMkuza diyA gayA hai. usake Upara deva, guru dharma kI chatrI hai jisameM samyaktva kI DaMDI lagI huI hai. aMbAr3I ko vibhinna zAstrIya gAthAoM se sajAyA gayA hai. aMbAr3I ke Upara sthita mandira ke donoM ora, jJAna, darzana, caritra aura tapa rUpa cAra staMbha haiM. isake madhya pratibhAzAlI muni kI AkRti hai. Upara dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna kI patAkA laharA rahI hai. mahAkavi tulasI rUpakoM ke bAdazAha mAne gaye haiM. AdhyAtmika kSetra meM rUpakoM kI sRSTi karanevAlA yaha tiloka kavi bhI kisI bAdazAha se kama nahIM hai. (kha) gUDhArthamUlaka : saMta kaviyoM ne apane siddhAntoM ko kahIM-kahIM bar3I rahasyAtmaka bhASA meM pratipAdita kiyA hai. isa prakAra kI guDha abhivyakti ko 'ulaTa bAMsiyoM' ke nAma se abhihita kiyA gayA hai. isakA kAraNa yaha rahA ki yaha abhivyakti sAmAnya lokaniyamoM kA atikramaNa hI nahIM karatI, usase nitAnta virodha aura vaiSamyabhAva bhI prakaTa karatI hai. Alocya kavi tiloka ke kAvya meM isa prakAra kI ulaTa bAMsiyAM to nahIM milatI jisa prakAra kI kabIra ke kAvya meM. phira bhI kavi-apanI zabdakrIr3A karanA nahIM bhUlA. saguNa bhakta kaviyoM meM sUra ne jisa prakAra dRSTikUTa pada likhe haiM usI prakAra tilokaRSi ne bhI katipaya gUDhArtha-vyaMjaka dohe likhe haiM. unheM kUTazailI ke antargata rakhA jA sakatA hai. yahA~ isa prakAra kA eka dohA dRSTavya hai: dadhisuta-ripu te jANiye, tasa ripu-ripu te jANa, kaMTha chavi tasu vAhane, lachaNa so hai sujANa, yeha jinarAja ne bhajo nita / artha : dadhisuta arthAt candramA, usakA ripu rAhu, rAhu kA ripu viSNu (rAma) viSNu kA ripu rAvaNa. rAvaNa kA svAmI ziva, usa kaMTha chabivAle ziva kA vAhana vRSabha jisake cihna rUpa se suzobhita hotA rahatA hai, aise jinarAja arthAt RSabhadeva bhagavAna kA nitya bhajana karo. isa kUTa zailI ke sAtha-sAtha kavi ne saMskRta kI sUktiyoM para bhI kavitta likhe haiM. isa zailI ko 'samasyApUrti' ke antargata rakhA jA sakatA hai. 'manuSyarUpeNa mRgAzcaraMti, manuSyarUpeNa zvAno bhavaMti, manuSyarUpeNa kharAzcaraMti' Adi para likhe gaye inake kavitta bar3e marmasparzI aura prabhAva DAlane vAle haiM. tiloka RSi kI ina kAvyagata vizeSatAoM ke AdhAra para yaha nissaMkoca kahA jA sakatA hai ki yaha kavi saMta kaviyoM meM apanA viziSTa sthAna banAye hue hai. saMta kaviyoM ne sAmAnyataH apanI racanAe~ dohA aura pada meM kI para isa kavi ne rItikAlIna kaviyoM ke savaiyA aura kavitta jaise chanda ko apanAkara usameM jo saMgIta kI gUMja aura bhAvanA kI pavitratA bharI vaha anyatama hai. tilokaRSi ke kAvya meM bhaktiyuga kI rasAtmakatA aura rItiyuga kI kalAtmakatA ke eka sAtha darzana hote haiM. yaha apane Apa meM kama vaiziSTya nahIM hai. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ DaoN0 zrAnandaprakAza dIkSita, ema0 e0 (hindI), ema0 e0 (saMskRta), pI-eca0 DI0, rIDara, hindI-vibhAga, rAjasthAna vizvavidyAlaya, jayapura. kavivarya amIRSijI aura amRtakAvyasaMgraha 'amRta-kAvyasaMgraha' paNDitaratna muni zrIamIRSijI kI kaI kAvya-racanAoM kA saMgraha hai. saMgraha ke antargata munivarya dvArA racita 1 zikSA-bAvanI, 2 subodha-zataka, 3 vividhabodha-bAvanI, 4 caurAsI upamAyukta muni-guNa-battIsI, 5 ekala vihArI muni hitazikSA cAlIsA, 6, zAradA vinaya, 7 tIrthakara paricaya, 8 zrI trilokASTaka, 6 hiMsAmati hitazikSA, 10 nizcaya-vyavahAra-carcA, 11 praznottaramAlA tathA 12 katipaya samasyApUrtiyA~ aura aneka prakIrNaka saMgRhIta haiM. saMgRhIta racanAoM ke atirikta zrI amIRSijI kI aura bhI racanAoM kA patA calatA hai. muni zrImotIRSijI ne aise prApta graMthoM kI saMkhyA 28 batAI hai aura nimnalikhita rUpa meM unakI tAlikA prastuta kI hai:1 sthAnaka nirNaya, 2 mukhavastrikA nirNaya, 3 mukhavastrikA carcA, 4 zrImahAvIraprabhu ke chabbIsa bhava, 5 zrIpradyumna carita 6 zrI pArzvanAtha carita, 7 zrI sItAcarita, 8 samyaktva mahimA, 6 samyaktva nirNaya, 10 zrI bhAvanAsAra, 11 praznotara mAlA, 12 samAja sthiti digdarzana, 13 kaSAya kuTumba chahaDhAliyA, 14 jinasundarI carita 15 zrImatI satI carita, 16 abhayakumArajI kI navaraMga lAvaNI, 17 bharatabAhubalI cauDhAliyA 18 ayavaMtA kumAra muni-chaha DhAliyA, 16 vividha bAvanI, 20 zikSA bAvanI, 21 subodha zataka. 22 munirAjoM kI 84 upamAe~, 23 ambaDa saMnyAsI cauDhAliyA, 24 kItidhvaja rAjA cauDhAliyA, 25 satyadhoSacarita, 26 araNakacarita, 27 megharatha rAjA kA carita 28 dhAradevacarita. ukta tAlikA meM 11, 16, 20, 21, tathA 22 saMkhyA vAle nAma amRtakAvya-saMgraha ke kramazaH 11, 3, 1, 2, tathA 4, para diye gaye nAmoM se milate-julate haiM, ataeva ina pAMca racanAoM ko kama kara deM to prathama tAlikA meM praznottaramAlA taka ke 11 tathA dvitIya tAlikA meM se kevala 23 arthAt kula 34 racanAoM tathA inake atirikta anekAneka samasyApUrtiyoM tathA prakIrNakoM kA zreya munivarya zrIamIRSijI ko diyA jAyagA. ina racanAoM kA aneka dRSTibinduoM se vargIkaraNa kiyA jA sakatA hai, vaha isa prakAra-inheM nIti, sAmpradAyika varNana, carita varNana Adi jaise kaI vargoM meM rakhA jA sakatA hai. saMgraha-zailI-bheda se bhI inake aneka rUpa, yathA, aSTaka, cAlIsA, bAvanI, zataka, Adi milate haiM. chandabheda kI dRSTi se vicAra kareM to kevala amRta-kAvya-saMgraha meM saMgrahIta racanAoM meM hI dohA, kavitta, savaiyA, soraThA,paddharI, harigItikA, zikhariNI, zArdUlavikrIDita, mAlinI Adi chandoM kA sucAru nirvAha mila jAyagA. savaiyA aura kavitta para to inakA vizeSa adhikAra jAna par3atA hai. prAyaH aSTaka Adi ke nAma se prastuta kI jAne vAlI racanAoM meM nizcita rUpa se sadaiva kevala ginatI ke hI chanda nahIM rahate. zrIamIRSijI kI racanAoM meM bhI isI paramparA ke darzana hote haiM. maMgalAcaraNa aura samAptisUcaka chandoM ko chor3a bhI deM to bhI mUla-viSaya se sambandhita chandasaMkhyA meM kahIM adhika hI haiM. chanda aura zailI kI aisI vividhatA ke sAtha-sAtha viSaya kI vividhatA aura usake kAraNa jIvana ke vizAla nirIkSaNa-parIkSaNake prati RSijI kI sajagatA jitanI hI sarAhanIya hai, utanI hI sAhitya-zAstrakI camatkAraka-praNAliyoM kA jJAna aura una para unakA adhikAra bhI prazaMsanIya hai. saMta, dArzanika aura bhAvuka kavi prAyaH citra-kAvya kI racanA meM pravRtta hote nahIM dikhAI par3ate. kaviyoM ke bIca bhI jinhoMne apane kAvya meM AlaMkArika-camatkAra ko bahuta bahumAna diyA, unhoMne bhI citra-kAvya-racanA kI ora apanI ruci nahIM dikhAI. jinheM zAstra-sampAdana karanA thA, unameM se bhI AN Minue Jain riTA RA MCASERally.org
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________________ zrAnandaprasAda dIkSita : amRta-kAvyasaMgraha : 175 *EXEN94293060030038EXMRENERSE bahuteroM ne usakI upekSA hI ucita samajhakara maunAvalambana se kAma liyA, kintu saMta, dArzanika aura kavi kA eka-sAtha sammilita rUpa prastuta karane vAle munivarya zrIamIRSijI ne isa dizA ko bhI achUtA na chor3A, Apane khaDgabandha, kapATa-bandha, kadalIbandha, merubaMdha, kamalabaMdha camarabaMdha, ekAkSara tripadIbaMdha, caTAIbaMdha, gomUtrikAbaMdha, chatrabaMdha, vRkSAkArabaMdha, dhanurbandha, nAgapAzabaMdha, kaTArabaMdha, caupaTabaMdha, caukIbaMdha svastikabaMdha Adi aneka citrakAvyoM kA sRjana kiyA hai. isa prakAra ukta racanAoM ke sAtha ina citrakAvya-rUpoM kI gaNanA karane tathA 'jayakuMjara' nAmaka kAvya-kRti ko sammilita kara lene para to RSi jI kI bahumukhI pratibhA aura kAvya sajana-kSamatA ke sAtha-sAtha camatkAra-cArutA-sampAdana ke prati bhI vizvAsa kie vinA nahIM rahA jA sakatA. pratyeka chaMda meM amIrikha, amRta, pIyUSa, rikha amRta, athavA amI kI chApa dekara pUrvapracalita kaviparipATI ko Apane sarvatra nibAhA hI nahIM hai, usase apane kavitva ke prati apanI sajagatA ko bhI dhotita karA diyA hai. saMtoM ke bIca bhI apane nAma kI chApa dekara likhane yA chanda kahane kI pravRtti pracalita rahI hai, ataeva Apa kavi aura saMta donoM ke bIca bhalI-bhAMti baiTha jAte haiM. zrIamIRSijI kA kAvya unake saMta tathA kavi donoM rUpoM ke samyak sammilana kA svayaM hI pramANa hai. saMta kI nizchalatA, spaSTokti aura hita-bhAvanA ne unake kAvya ko zikSA aura upadeza se jisa prakAra maNDita kiyA hai, pratyeka paMkti se jIvana aura jagat ke saMbaMdha meM satya ke udghATana kA jaisA Agraha unakI racanAoM meM chalaka rahA hai, vaisI hI bhASA kI suspaSTatA evaM saralatA aura zabda-yojanA tathA chanda-pravAha se unakI kAvya-pratibhA bhI phUTI par3a rahI hai. saMta kI vANI alaMkRti kI rAha nahIM apanAtI, sIdhI, sarala rAha se hokara calatI hai, tiryak ukti-bhaMgimAoM kA pradarzana nahIM karatI. usakI vANI apane lakSya ko sIdhe bedhatI hai, alaMkAroM, vakroktiyoM aura dhvaniyoM kI Ar3a lekara Age nahIM bar3hatI. sIdhI bAta meM hI usakA prabhAva bar3ha jAtA hai, usake lakSya kI siddhi usI meM hotI hai. spaSTa hai ki zrIamIRSijI kI racanA bhI isIliye ina sadguNoM se yukta hai. saMta kA kArya jIvana ke nAnAvidha rUpoM ko nirAvaraNa karake unheM janatA ke sAmane prastuta karanA aura isa rUpa meM use saccI rAha dikhAnA hai. nIti aura upadeza kA mArga hI usakA mArga hai aura isa mArga para calane ke liye kabhI apadArtha padArthoM kI nindA, kabhI moha-bhrama meM bhaTake hue manuSya kI cetanA ko saMbodhana, kabhI acche-bure ke viveka ke liye do vastuoM kI tulanA, kabhI pUrva-kathAoM kI sUcanA dekara kAma-krodhAdi ke kupariNAma kI ora pAThaka kA dhyAnAkarSaNa, kabhI samAja ke dUSaNoM para kaThora prahAra Adi aneka kauzaloM kA prayoga karake use apanI bAta kA prabhAvajamAnA hotA hai. zrIamIRSijI ne apanI racanAoM meM ina sabhI sAdhanoM kA kuzala upayoga kiyA hai. saMtoM kI dRSTi meM Izvara ke prati jIva kI udAsI kA mukhya kAraNa usakA yaha moha evaM bhrama hai ki vaha komala aura sundara zarIra kA hai. athavA abhI kyA hai, abhI to bahuta Ayu par3I hai, bhagavAn kA bhajana bhI ho jAyagA. isa bhrama ko dUra karane kA eka tarIkA yaha hai ki TheTha bhASA meM manuSya ko satarka kara diyA jAya : 'kAla cabenA jagat kA kucha mukha meM kucha goda"; aura yaha bhI hai ki anyokti ke sahAre use nazvaratA kA jJAna karAte hue kaha diyA jAya : 'bhAlI aAvata dekha kara, kaliyAM karI pukAra / phUle-phUle cuna liye, kAlha hamArI bAra / athavA, yaha bhI hai ki camatkAraka rUpaka ke sahAre manuSya ko sAvadhAna kara diyA jAya ki 'jama-kari-muha tarahari paryo, ihiM dharahari cita lAu / viSaya, tRSA parihari ajauM, narahari ke guna gaau||" saMta inameM se pahale do prakAra kI uktiyA~ apanAtA hai aura kavi, vizeSataH camatkAra-priya kavi, antima prakAra kI ukti kA sahArA letA hai. zrIamIRSijI ne saMta hone ke nAte pahale do prakAra kI uktiyoM ke mela meM hI apanI uktiyoM ko upasthita kiyA hai. amIRSijI ne nimnalikhita chanda meM isI zarIra-saundarya ke tIna AkarSaka upamAna aura raMga-vaicitrya ko upasthita karake mohakatA, darzanIyatA, vikasamAnatA aura mRdulatA ke sAtha una sabakI AALAALAN 1COM (wwwwwwwww 0101010 totolol oldtoio i olol IIIA ololololololol Jain Eucation Internal
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________________ NEXAMNNNXNSEXKAKKARNEM 176 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya mlAnatA kI anubhUti jAgrata karane vAlA citra aMkita kara diyA hai, 'phulAnA' tathA 'kumalAnA' zabda jaise yahA~ Akara sArthaka ho gaye haiM : "mana meM vicAra nara, Aukho alapa tAmeM, kare ati prAza na bharosA pala dama kA, pala meM palaTa jAya, indaradhanuSa jima, saMdhyA kA phulAnA, kumalAnA jyoM kusuma kaa| komala zarIra sukha aiza meM lobhAya rahyo nikasata dama Dhera hoyagA bhasama kA, jama Dara pAna ke sayAne amIrikha kahe, dhAra le zaraNa citta, prabhu ke kadama kaa|" -zikSA baavnii| prabuddha vyakti ko samajhAnA sarala hai, mUr3ha yA haThI ko upadeza denA kaThina. saMtoM ne barAbara isa bAta kA anubhava kiyA hai aura isa niSkarSa para pahu~ce haiM ki mUrkha ko bahuta samajhAne kA prayatna na kare. sAtha hI unakA anubhava yaha bhI hai ki kisI vyakti kA svabhAva bAharI upacAroM se nahIM badalA jA sakatA. "kahA hota payapAna karAye, viSa nahiM tajata bhuaMga." sUradAsa ne isa prakAra kA chanda likhakara isI dhAraNA ko puSTa kiyA hai. zrIamIRSi kA anubhava, zruta aura paThita jJAna bhI isI ke anukUla baiThA, ataeva unhoMne bhI bar3e hI sarala zabdoM meM isa bAta kA nirdeza kara diyA hai: "sIkha nahIM dIje haThagrAhI mUDha prANina kU, sAra nahIM hovai jaise pAnI ke mathAe se, khara kA candana-lepa, mukuTa bhUSaNa tana, hovata nikAma jaise aosa bindu bAe se / markaTa ke gale hAra sAra zobhAdAra bahu, torI ke devata pheMka phaMda jAnI kAye se, amIrikha kahe nahIM mAne upakAra mana, hovata hai bairI bAta hita kI batAe se| -zi0 bA0 / sUradAsa jI kA 'khara ko kahA aragajA lepana, marakaTa bhUSaNa aMga' bhI A gayA aura pAnI ko mathAe' 'osa bindu bAese' ke dvArA muhAvaroM kA nirvAha hI nahIM huA unake dvArA nissAratA aura asaMbhAvyatA kA avilamba anubhava bhI ho gayA. upadeza ke sAtha kavitva kA mela prazaMsanIya hai, vizeSataH isaliye bhI ki aisA kevala ekAdha sthala para hI nahIM huA hai. adhikAMzataH huA hai. saMsAra kI asAratA aura nazvaratA kA citra khIMcate hue nimnalikhita donoM chandoM meM muni jI ne isI kauzala kA paricaya diyA hai, sAtha hI pravAhamaya zabda-yojanA kA nirvAha karake ukti ko prabhAvapUrNa banA diyA hai : "DhIla nahIM kIje gurudeva ke vacana suNi, chIje china-china aAyu, aMjalI ke pANI jyU, deha balahIna hoya, AI hai jarA najIka, nadI pUravega jaise, bIte hai javAnI jyuu| kAladUta Aya tere zIsa para chAya rahyo, deha kI mamatva nahIM chor3e abhimAnI jyU, amIrikha kahe pApa bAMdha ke sighAyo jaba, jama hAtha naraka meM pace,nAja dhAnI jyuu| --zi0 bA. athavA, "Ayu hai athira jaise aMjalI ke nIra sama, daulata capalatA jyoM dAminI jhalaka meM / yauvana pataMga raMga, kAyA hai nIkAma ati, vAra nahiM lAge osa bindu kI Dhalaka meM, supana samAna yaha saMpadA pichAna mana, saritA ko pUra Dhala jAya jyoM palaka meN| kahe amIrikha jaga sukha hai asAra dhAra, sukRta sadIva yahI sAra hai khalaka meM / " -subodha zataka nArI-nindA saMtoM kA priya viSaya rahA hai. kabhI-kabhI bihArI jaise zRMgArapriya kaviyoM ne bhI 'chavi-chAyAgrAhinI' tiya se bace rahane kI ora saMketa kara diyA hai, anyathA unakI pravRtti' 'hA~sI-phA~sI DAlanevAlI' nAyikA ke saundarya kA varNana karane kI ora hI adhika rahI hai. tathA, bihArI kA kathana hai: DAre Thor3hI-gAr3a, gahi naina-baTohI, mAri, cilaka-cauMdha meM rUpa-Thaga, hA~sI-phA~sI DAri / amIRSijI ne bihArI ke kathana kA nirvAha karate hue bhI usakI yojanA prazaMsA ke liye nahIM, usakI nindA aura Jain buca Mangelibrary.org NAO
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________________ nirveda ke sthAyI udaghoSa ke liye kI hai zrAnandaprasAda dIkSita : amRta-kAvyasaMgraha : 107 "jobana kI jhalaka calaka tana bhUSaNa kI darasAya cakita karata je vicAre hai, sumati bhUlAya ke bhUrAya kari leta vaza, kahe amIra nija samaya nihArI sAra tana dhana jasa lUTI parAdhIna pAre hai / karata julama hiye karuNA na dhAre hai, hAMsI phAMsI DAro naina bAnana te mArI aisI, nArI hai ThagorI ThagI adhogati DAre haiM |--su0 za0 / kabIra ne 'karamagati TAre nAhi TarI' kI pukAra lagAI to amIRSijI ne bhAgyavAda ke AdhAra para vyApAroM se virati aura tAlA-ku jI kI anAvazyakatA para jora diyA hai aura syAdvAda kI duhAI dI hai. satya, asteya, aparigraha Adi se bacAnA, kAma-krodhAdi se alipta rakhanA jahA~ saMtoM ke upadeza kA vizeSa uddezya hai, darzana- siddhAntoM kA pratipAdya hai, vahA~ paraspara ke bheda-bhAva ko naSTa karake, jAti-pAMti aura chuAchUta ke dvArA utpanna bAhyAcAra kA niSedha bhI unakA kArya hai yA banA rahA hai. kabIra ne isa bheda-bhAva para bar3I kar3I dRSTi DAlI hai aura ise mAnanevAloM kI Ar3e hAthoM khabara lI hai, unake nagna rUpa ko pradarzita karake unheM lajjita kiyA hai / zrIamIRSijI kI dRSTi se bhI zuddhatAvAdiyoM ke vicitrAcAra baca nahIM sake haiM aura unhoMne zodha-mImAMsA ke rUpa meM prakIrNa chandoM kI racanA kara hI dI hai. kintu unakI ukti meM kabIra kI sI kaTutA nahIM hai. yathA "mevA dAkha madhu guDa khAMDa gola lA hIMga, zarbata murabbA prAya mleccha hI banAve hai, DAkTara kI davA khAsa banata bilAta mAhI, uttama kulIna koI pIve arU khAve hai / cAya ghRta khAve kIr3e yukta phala cAbe, au tamAla patra pIte khAte sUga hU na yAve hai, amIrikha pudgala ke lakSaNa na jAne zaTha, zodha-zodha gAve kachu bheda nahIM pAve hai / " - prakIrNaka / kintu aise sthaloM para unakI pratimA kevala yokti taka hI sImita raha gaI hai, kAvyacAturI kI jhalaka yahA~ nahIM milatI. camatkAra ke liye unhoMne bilkula hI na likhA ho, so nahIM. zleSa alaMkAra ke prayoga ke AdhAra para bArahoM mahInoM kA nAma lekara upadeza ke liye mArga nikAla lene meM amIRSijI bhI camatkAravAdI kaviyoM se kama nahIM haiM udAharaNataH, "ceta bhavi dhAra jJAna saMjama vaisAkha hoya, jeSTha para ASAr3ha samAna suvicAriye, zravaNa zrAgama suNI dhAra bhadra pada roka, mana azvina ko kAtI kapaTa ko TAriye / mRgazira siMha jaise kAla gahI lego tAte, poSa paTkAva mahAmuni pada cAhiye, phAguNa meM phAga sakhI samatA ke sAtha khela, zramIrikha aise bAre mAsa ko uccAriye / " isI prakAra munivarya manuSyoM ke nAmoM ke dvArA AdhyAtmika upadeza dene meM bhI nahIM cUkate aura kAvya meM camatkAra le Ate haiM. prakIrNaka 37 40 isake pramANa haiM. isI camatkAra pradarzanecchA athavA vyApaka adhikAra-lAlasA ke kAraNa unhoMne prakIrNaka tathA praznottaramAlA meM sarva laghuvarNakAvya kI jaisI racanA kI hai vaise hI prakIrNakoM meM sattAIsa vakAra kAvya bhI prastuta kiyA hai. rUpaka aura anyoktiyA~ likhane meM inakA mana acchA ramatA hai aura dRSTAnta dene tathA kathAtmaka zailI meM bAta kahane ke Apa abhyasta haiM. 'madhubindu dRSTAnta' dete hue Apane likhA hai "caDagati kAnana meM paMthI jIva kAla gaja, narabhava vaTa Ayu zAkhA laTakAno hai, kUpa hai nigoda zrahi krodha mAna dambha lobha, ajagara doya rAgadveSa bhIma jAno hai / mujhe dina raina parivAra madhumatI sama, vidyAdhara saMta upadeza pharamAno hai, marikha kahai viSai sukha madhu biMdu sama, sahe ete saMkaTa meM mUr3ha lalacAno hai / " lokaprasiddha athavA paMcatantra meM AI huI kahAniyoM ko lekara unheM savaiyA chanda meM kAvyAtmaka rUpa dekara munijI ne jIvanopadeza ke liye acchA mArga nikAla liyA hai. isI prakAra praznottaramAlA ke aMtargata aneka prakAra ke goloM kI kalpanA karake jIva kI gati kA varNana bhI kiyA hai. kathA kI kathA, upadeza kA upadeza aura kAvya kA svAda alaga. aise sabhI chanda paThanIya aura mananIya haiM. samasyApUrtiyA~ bhI zabda yojanA ke kAraNa utpanna zravaNa-sukhadatA aura pravAha
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________________ 178 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya ****MEREMEMAKERMERAMINMAMAN mayatA ke sAtha-sAtha upadeza aura vyaMga ke liye smaraNIya haiM. udAharaNArtha nIce do samasyApUttiyA~ dI jAtI haiM, jinameM pahalI zabda-yojanA ke liye aura dUsarI upadeza aura camatkAra-rakSaNa ke liye pramANa hai 1-vidhavA sira kIdha suhAga ko ttiiko| "kula kAna kaTA karike kulaTA adharAmRta baMda caTA para pIko, ThAri zraTA tana dhAri chaTA kari baMka kaTAccha kaTA jana hI ko| lAya vaTA nija nema ghaTA ulaTA kari kAja haTA sumatI ko, he dhika veza piyUSa guNI vidhavA sira kIdha suhAga ko ttiiko|" 2-loha ke supiMjara meM pArasa paryo rahyo / "pAya naradeha neha kIno nA dharama sAtha, pAtaka ke kAja dina raina hI aryo rahyo, suguru kI kena hitakArI ura dhArI nAhi, ajJAna mithyAtva ko vikAra hI bhayo rahyo / jIva pudagala ko svarUpa nA pichAnyo karmI, mana ko manoratha so mana meM dharyo rahyo, amIrikha basana lapeTyo nija geha sadA, loha ke supiMjara meM pArasa paryo rhyo|" kavi-pratibhA kA saMcaraNa jisa prakAra kalpanA, bhAvukatA aura vaicitrya-saMpAdana ke hetu hotA hai aura zabda-yojanA jisa prakAra bhAvAvegoM, kriyAoM, antarAnubhUtiyoM ke citra aura majamUna bAMdhane meM prayukta kI jAtI hai, zrIamIRSijI kI kavi-pratibhA kA saMcaraNa aura unakI zabda-yojanA kI prayukti donoM hI unake uddezya ke kAraNa vaisI nahIM haiM. zrI amIRSijI kA uddezya to jIva aura jagat ko unake vAstavika aura sahI rUpa meM upasthita karake mohAndhakAra meM phaMse hue manuSya kA usase uddhAra karanA aura usake liye use mArga dikhAnA thA. hAsa-vilAsa Adi kI nAnA gatiyoM meM na ve svayaM magna hue aura na kisI dUsare ko hI usa ora le gaye. nirveda ke dvArA jisa zAnta rasa ko upasthita karanA unakA uddezya thA, usI kI siddhi kI ora unhoMne dhyAna diyA aura usameM bhI saphala hue. svAbhAvika rUpa se unakI vANI sahaja mArga se hokara hI calI aura unhoMne jisa nirvyAja-bhAva se apane udgAra prastuta kiye unameM prAsAdikatA aura aneka vyavahRta bhASAoM ke zabdoM kA samAveza bhI ho gayA. rAjasthAnI ke vibhinna bhedoM meM to unhoMne kavitA kI hI, arabI-phArasI aura aMgrejI ke pracalita zabda bhI unakI paMktiyoM meM svayameva Akara baiTha-se gaye. ina zabdoM ke A jAne se brajabhASA ke saundarya kI kahIM koI hAni nahIM huI, balki ulTe artha-saukarya aura pravAha meM sahAyatA hI milI. videzI zabdoM meM kevala dama, aiza, kadama, huzyAra, mauja, kaida, ruvArI, taiyAra yA tyAra, jarUra, mauta, khurAka, pharamAI, khabara, daulata, khalaka, hAjara, hajUra, julama, garIba, garaja, khaphA, saphA, kAnUna, majamUna, jaise zabdoM kA hI prayoga Apane nahIM kiyA hai, aMgrejI ke 'nambara' kA prayoga bhI niHsaMkoca kara diyA hai. kintu ina zabdoM kA mizraNa sarvatra yA bAhulya ke sAtha nahIM hai. zabdoM ko apane uccAraNa ke yA mAtrA ke anukUla banA lene meM to Apa kuzala haiM hI naye-naye zabdoM ko gar3ha lene meM bhI pravINa haiM. iMdradhanuSa kA indara dhanuSya, zobhA se zobhAdAra, nikammI yA niSkAma se nIkAma, sadaiva se sadIva, sajA se sajAvAra, jaise zabda bhI unake yahAM mileMge aura mAtrA-lopa, Agama yA parivartana se hone vAle vikAra bhI unake zabdoM meM bahulatA se dikhAI deMge. ati kA atI, mitra kA mita, pIr3A kA pIDa, agni kA agana, zayyA yA seja kA sijjA, ciMtA kA cityA, bhAMti kA bhAMta,tAko kA tAkU, Upara kA upara, mamatA kA mamata jaise prayoga unakI racanA meM ati sAdhAraNa se hI samajhane cAhiye. dezaja prayoga bhI prAyaH dikhAI par3ate haiM. kintu ina prayogoM se kAvyapATha aura kAvyArtha-bodha meM sahAyatA hI milI hai, bAdhA upasthita nahIM huI. vastutaH zrIamIRSijI kI uktiyA~ itanI sahaja aura upadeza itane sIdhe haiM ki unakI bhASA bhI usI DhAla meM Dhala gaI hai. bhASA-pariSkAra aura zAbdikaekarUpatA kI ora unakA dhyAna nahIM hai, bhAva yA vicAra kI nizchala abhivyakti hI unakA uddezya hai aura isI dRSTi se unakI bhASA kA vicAra honA bhI cAhiye. zrIamIRSijI ke kavi-rUpa para chAe hue unake saMta rUpa ko hI unakA vAstavika rUpa mAnanA cAhiye aura jahA~-jahA~ ina donoM rUpoM kA sammilana dikhAI detA ho, vahA~ unakI kAvya-pratibhA kI bhI muktakaNTha se prazaMsA karanI cAhiye. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ pArasamala prasUna ema0 e0, sAhityaratna dIrghadRSTi lokAzAha viSaya-praveza vikrama saMvat 1472 ke kArtika mAsa kI amala rAtri ! Upara nIla gagana meM candramA apanI samagra razmiyoM se jagamagA kara vasudhAtala ko ujalA banA rahA thA. kitanA sundara saMyoga thA ki saubhAgyavaza isI rAtri meM dharatI para bhI arahaTavAr3A nagara meM, osavAla gRhastha seTha hemAbhAI ke ghara, mAtA gaMgAbAI kI kukSi se eka candA kA udaya huA. kavi kI bAta sahI huI ki-"eka hI rAta meM do do cAMda khile". para Azcarya ki isa salaune cAMda ne Age jAkara pracaNDa prabhAkara kI taraha, dhArmika jagat meM vyApta rUr3hivAditA ke ajJAnapUrita bhISaNa aMdhakAra ko kSata-vikSata kara, satya ke prakhara Aloka se AdhyAtmika kSetra ko prakAzita kara prazasta banAyA. yaha candramA aura koI nahIM, madhyakAlIna jagat kA agragaNya, mahAprabhAvaka, niDara krAMtikara vIra loMkAzAha thA. vahI lokAzAha jisakI krAnti jana jagat ke itihAsa meM advitIya evaM adbhuta hai, aura vahI lokAzAha jisake puNya prayAsoM kA hI sat pariNAma hai Aja kA sthAnakavAsI samAja. tAtkAlika paristhitiyA~ kalpasUtra meM ullekha hai-bhagavan ! Apake janma-nakSatra para bhasmakagraha kA saMkramaNa hai--usakA kyA phala hogA? zakendra ne bhagavAn se namra jijJAsA kI. bhagavAn ne pharamAyA- "he indra ! isa bhasmakagraha ke kAraNa do hajAra varSa taka zramaNasaMgha kI uttarottara sevA-bhakti kSINa hogI. dharma kI hAni hogI. jar3atA bar3hegI. sacce guNoM kI pUjA ghaTegI. bhasmakagraha ke haTane para jaina dharma meM nava cetanA kA jAgaraNa hogA. ujar3e upavana meM eka naI bahAra chA jAyegI. vItarAga ke vacana meM kaise satya nahIM ? ve to sarvajJa hote haiM. bhagavAn mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke kucha samaya pazcAt paMcama pArA prArambha ho gayA. kAla-prabhAva se dharma kA bhI kramazaH hrAsa hone lagA. kala ke camakate damakate dharma-sUrya ko Aja grahaNa laga gayA thA. dRr3ha vairAgya va sarvocca tyAga kI manahara bhUmikA para AdhArita jaina dharma Aja ADambara va vilAsitA ke kIcar3a meM phaMsa gayA thA. tyAga bhoga se parAjita ho gayA thA, virAga ke sthAna para jaina-vINA Aja rAga ke mAdaka svara alApa rahI thI. zramaNavarga meM zaithilya kA akhaNDa sAmrAjya thA. naMge pA~va, naMge zira, gAMva gAMva, nagara Jain EOS
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________________ 180 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya 1022222222023208109803402 nagara, Dagara-Dagara, paidala ghUmakara ahiMsA, saMyama va tyAga kI gaMgA bahAne vAlA, ghara-ghara dharma kA alakha jagAne vAlA, nispRha, kriyAzUra dharmavIra, kriyAniSTha jaina zramaNa-samUha, Aja parigraha, bAhya kriyAkANDa aura sAmpradAyikatA Adi ke cakra meM par3a gayA thA. dharma kA antastala vilupta thA. mithyA ADambaroM meM hI dharma sAdhanA kI itizrI samajhI jAne lagI thI. caityavAda kA jora thA. cetanapUjA ke sthAna para jar3apUjA kA prAbalya thA. jaina-dharma kA sAra tapa, tyAga va indriyanigraha to aba basa kala kI vastu bana gayA thA. isa prakAra usa samaya sAmAjika va dhArmika dazA zocanIya thI. krAntikA zubhAgamana prakRti kA aparivartanazIla vidhAna hai ki kriyA kI pratikriyA hotI hai. paristhitiyA~ svayaM samayAnusAra mahApuruSa ko utpanna karane kI zakti rakhatI haiM. dharma kA saccA svarUpa sadA chipA nahIM raha sakatA. ADambara eka dina prakaTa hote hI haiM. aMtataH dharma kI mazAla jalatI hai. Akhira satya kI pUjA hotI hai. 15 vIM zatAbdI vizva-itihAsa meM dharmakrAnti kA kAla hai. yUropa meM bhI jaba popazAhI khUba phailI, janatA gumarAha hone lagI, svarga ke pramANa-patra taka bikane lage, pAsa-porTa banane lage, taba jarmanI meM . mArTina lUthara camakA. usa nara-nAhara ne bulanda garjanA kI. itihAsa sAkSI hai ki eka dina isa nanheM diye ne tUphAna ko parAbhUta kara diyA aura lUthara kI pracaNDa caTTAna se TakarAkara popa kA jaMgI ber3A cUra-cUra ho gayA. isI taraha bhAratavarSa meM bhI isI kAla meM bijalI ke mahAn prakAza kI taraha AzA-umaMga kA nayA Aloka le avatarita hue the-samartha kriyoddhAraka satya-patha-pradarzaka vIra lokAzAha. isa prakAra bhagavAn mahAvIra kI bhaviSyavANI akSarazaH satya huI. lokAzAha ne vi0 saMvat 1531 meM krAnti kA bigula phUMkA. dharma ke mUla rahasyoM ko prakAzita kiyA aura sat-dharma kA DaMkA pAlama meM bajavA diyA. prArambhika jIvana lokAzAha kA bAlyakAla khelakUda meM bItA. ve bar3e honahAra the. jIvana prArambha se hI vairAgyavRtti pradhAna thA, para mAtApitA ke atyanta Agrahavaza ve vivAha-sUtra meM baddha hue. unakA gRhastha-jIvana bhI prAdarza thA. eka suputra-ratna kI bhI prApti huI. bAda meM ve kucha kAraNoM se ahamadAbAda meM Akara basa gaye. javAhirAta ke vyApAra meM khUba camake. gulAba kI suvAsa sImita kSetra meM avaruddha kaise raha sakatI hai ? prasanna hokara tatkAlIna bAdazAha muhammada zAha ne lokAzAha ko koSAdhyakSa ke pada para suzobhita kiyA. sukha kI kamanIya kroDa meM palane vAle loMkAzAha ko kyA abhAva thA ? unakA varcasva joroM para thA. para unakA dIrghadarzI antarmana samAja va dharma kI vikRta avasthA dekhakara phUTa-phUTa kara rotA thA. ve eka mahAn AtmA the. unhoMne samAja kA bhaddA citra ekadama bhAMpa liyA. yaha saba dekha unake aMtasthala meM krAnti kI lahareM hiloreM mArane lagI, gaharA citana kiyA. hRdaya meM se pukAra uThIlokAzAha ! samAja aura dharma meM kucha jAgRti lA. abhI samaya hai, phira to bigar3A bananA muzkila ho jAyegA. satya kI khoja meM unakI dUradarzitA ne pA~kheM phailAIM. pahale vizeSa jJAna prApta karane kI abhilASA jAgI. lokAzAha satyAnveSaka bane. gaveSaNA kA krama calA. ve svayaM eka acche lekhaka the. unhoMne eka lekhaka-maNDala banAyA. zAstroM kA lekhana prArambha huA. para usa samaya zAstra zrAvakoM ko upalabdha kahA~ ? zithila zramaNavarga ne apanI surakSA ke lie zrAvakoM ko ulaTI paTTI par3hA rakhI thI ki unakA zAstroM se kyA saMbaMdha ? unheM to zAstra par3hane hI nahIM cAhiye. kitanI dhAMdhalI thI ! aura aMdhA banA bholA zrAvakasamudAya "bAbAvAkyam pramANam" ke jAla meM Abaddha thA. ataH lokAzAha ko zAstra kaThinatA se upalabdha ho rahe the. 08 LIAMLALLLLLER Jain Educa WeCainelibrary.org
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________________ Jain Eee pArasamala prasUna dIrghadRSTi lokAzAha : 181 saMyoga ki eka bAra jJAna muni loMkAzAha ke ghara para sajjana kI cAha sadA pUrI hotI hai. jo DhUMDhatA hai use milatA hai. gocarI ko gaye. unhoMne unake motI jaise akSaroM ko dekhakara sUtroM kI nakala karane kA kAma sauMpA. jJAnajI ko kyA patA thA ki yaha Aja kA sulekhaka kala kA mahAn krAntikArI bana dharma kA satya svarUpa dRr3hatA se pratipAdita karegA. jJAna kI prApti gaye. zAstroM kI nakala calatI gaI. do pratiyA~ banatI thIM. eka munijI ko dete. dUsarI apane pAsa rakhate. svAdhyAya, ciMtana, manana, paThana-pAThana se lokAzAha kA jJAna bar3hatA gayA jJAna ke prakAza meM rUr3hivAda yA ADambara kaise Tika sakatA hai ? jyoM-jyoM zAstra-jJAna bar3hatA gayA tyoM-tyoM vilAsitA va zithilatA kI pola khulatI gaI. aura dazakAlika sUtra kI prathama gAthA "dhammo maMgalamukkiTTha " ne to unakA pUrA patha-pradarzana kara diyA. unake netra khula zAstroM ke vizuddha jJAna se samAja meM vyApta aMdha zraddhA se unheM glAni ho gaI. zuddha jaina Agama para zraddhA majabUta huI. aba to unheM samAja meM dina-pratidina bar3hatI zithilatA spaSTa dRSTigocara hone lagI. unhoMne dekhA to bhalI bhAMti jJAta huA ki maMdiroM, mUrtiyoM maThoM kI pratiSThA kA ullekha AgamoM meM kahIM nahIM hai. ........ aba dIrghadRSTi lokAzAha bhalA kaise zAMta rahate ? sadjJAna kA prasAra unakA lakSya bana gayA. prathama to ve pAsa AnevAloM ko hI jJAnaprasAda bA~Tate. para zIghra hI unhoMne samajha liyA ki Aja kA jamAnA vijJApana kA hai. taba ve sArvajanika sthAnoM para apane satya vicAra niDaratA se prakaTa karane lage. upadezavArA apane sadjJAna kA sAra vilakSaNa meghAvI, dIrghadRSTA vIra lauMkAzAha ne isa prakAra ghoSita kiyA 'zAstroM meM pramANita ahiMsA, tyAga, saMyama se samanvita saddharma, Aja zithila sampradAyapoSaka hAthoM meM par3akara kaluSita bana gayA hai. mokSasAdhanA ke liye ADambarabharI hiMsAyukta jar3apUjA kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai. mAnasika pUjA se hI AtmakalyANa zakya hai. vItarAga dharmakI ArAdhanA ke liye tyAga tapazcaryA kI AvazyakatA hai. mUrtipUjA Agamokta nahIM hai ahiMsA meM hI dharma hai. dharma ke nAma para sUkSmAtisUkSma hiMsA bhI akSamya hai. sAMsArika lAlasAoM kI pUdi hetu devArcana mithyAtva hai. rUDhi evaM aMdhaparamparA ko tor3anA hI jainatva hai. jaina janma yA jAti se nahIM pratyuta guNa va AcaraNa se hotA hai. jaina dharma kA dIkSA-prasaMga bhI kama mahattvapUrNa nahIM hai. muMDana to vairAgya kA lakSaNa hai. kaSAyavimocana hI saccA vairAgya hai. jaina zramaNa ke to kSamA mArdava Arjava Adi 10 nikaTa abhinna sahayogI hote haiM. vaha to saMsAra se atyalpa grahaNa kara AtmakalyANa karatA huA vizvakalyANa meM satata nirata rahatA hai. vaha kisI ko bhArasvarUpa nahIM hotA. sAdhu-sAdhvI zrAvaka-zrAvikA ye jaina saMgha ke cAra sudRr3ha staMbha haiM. yadi inameM se koI eka bhI DagamagA jAya to sArI bhavya imArata hila sakatI hai. sAdhuvarga evaM zrAvakavarga donoM kI dharma ko sudRr3ha banAne kI samAna jimmebArI hai. ahiMsAmaya jainadharma kI hAni se vizvazAMti ko khatarA pahu~ca sakatA hai aura yaha vizva duHkha ke gahare sAgara meM gote khA sakatA hai. ata: jaina dharma kA saccA svarUpa vizva kA samyak pathapradarzana karatA rahe tathA jana-mAnasa meM prema aura zAMti kI bhAvanA jAgRta karatA rahe, yaha sarvathA bAMchanIya hai. lokazAha ko kathana kI manahara zailI, saralatA, sajjanatA, vinamratA samAja kI hitabhAvanA evaM dUragAmI dRSTi prApta thI. unake upadezoM kA AzAtIta prabhAva hone lagA. loga khiMce se Ane lage. kucha zraddhA se Ate to bahuta kucha kautUhala se yA parIkSA lene yA tamAzavIna bana darzaka kI taraha Ate. para unake pAsa Akara satya saMdeza ke samarthaka bana jAte. eka naI ghaTanA thI. purANa paMthI varga ke kheme meM khalabalI maca gaI. unake liye to lokAzAha ke ye prayAsa sarvaghAtI the. sattAlolupa varga isa prabhAvazAlI dUragAmI dharmakrAMti ko dekha ghabarA gayA. logoM ko bahakAyA jAne lagA ki lokAzAha nAma ke eka 'lahiye' ne ahamadAbAda meM zAsana ke virodha meM vidroha khar3A kara diyA hai. vaha dharmabhraSTa hai. utsUtra prarUpaNA kara rahA hai, DhoMgI hai, chaliyA hai.' 304030093420430030030030030 30 30 30 305 1906 1306 300 300-300 www.jaliselibrary.org
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________________ :03 30 30 30 30 30 30 306 304 30 30 3330 Jain Education Joi 1882 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : prathama adhyAya lakhamasI kA sahayoga tatkAlIna eka susaMpanna va prakhyAta zrAvaka anahilapura pATaNa nivAsI zrIlakhamasI bhI loMkAzAha ko parakhane Aye. bAta indrabhUti va mahAvIra kI-sI huI, lakhamasI ne apane prazna rakhe. lokAzAha ne zAstrasammata yuktiyoM se suspaSTa samajhAyA. lakhamasI pUrNa prabhAvita hue. phira khUba vicAravimarza, gaharA zaMkA-samAdhAna aura aMtataH lokazAha ke ghaniSTha sahayogI ! saha dharmapracAraka ! krAMti kI vyApakatA aba to zakti ekadama dviguNita phira to arahaTavAr3A, pATaNa, sUrata Adi cAra saMghoM ke saMghapati bhI loMkAzAha kI vicAradhArA ke kAyala bane. zanaiH zanaiH lokAzAha kI dharmakrAMti kI lapaTeM phailatI gaIM. satya kA bala prabala hotA hai. kitane Azcarya kA viSaya hai ki usa yuga meM binA kisI rela, tAra, presa, pleTaphArma, pracAra prasAra yaMtroM ke mAtra satya, dRr3hatA va dUradarzitA se loMkAzAha ke ye satya siddhAnta bhArata ke kaune-kaune meM phaila gaye. krAMti kI aMtima zrAhuti lokazAha ne AgamAnusAra sAdhumArga kA punarudyota kiyA. ve svayaM to dIkSita nahIM hue kyoMki vRddha ho cuke the. unake sAthiyoM ne dIkSita hone kI prArthanA bhI kI thI. para lokAzAha bahuta dUra kI socane vAle the. ve jAnate the ki AcaraNa kI sarvAMgasuMdaratA hI abhI apekSita hai. unake sAthiyoM ne svayaM dIkSita hone kI jaba atyadhika bhAvanA bAra-bAra vyakta kI to unheM sacce saMyama kA vikaTa svarUpa bhalI bhAMti samajhAyA. phira bhI unakI dRr3hatA va prabala icchA dekhI to lokAzAha ne jina dharma ke udyota ke liye unakI bhAvanA kA svAgata kiyA aura unake upadeza se lakhamasI jagamAla Adi 45 vyakti eka sAtha bhAgavatI dIkSA se dIkSita bane. lokAzAha kI krAMti kI yaha carama pariNati thI. ina 45 vyaktiyoM meM se kaI bar3e-bar3e saMghapati va lakSmIpati the. inake saMyama, tapa, teja kA khUba prabhAva par3A. mahattva evaM mUlyAMkana isa prakAra lokAzAha ne dharma ke nAma para pracalita pAkhaMDa kA pardAphAza kiyA. unhoMne krAMti kA navya bhavya saMdeza diyA. satyamArga kI prarUpaNA huI. dharma kA punaruddhAra huA. vaha dhArmika krAMti kA suprabhAta kitanA AhlAdakArI thA jaba ki zatAbdiyoM kI aMdhakAramaya rAtri meM suSupta janamAnasa ne cetanA kI prathama aMgar3AI lekara krAMti jyoti ke sarvaprathama abhinava darzana kiye. yaha nUtana maMgala prabhAta thA. satyadharma kA sUrya camaka rahA thA. usake navya divya prakAza meM rUDhivAditA - rAtri kA ADambara-aMdhakAra evaM zaithilya ke ulUka na jAne kahA~ vilupta ho gaye ! jana-mAnasa kA hRdaya - kamala praphullita thA. dharmakrAMti kI vINA bajAne vAle, satya kA zaMkha phUMkane vAle, mahAn, niDara-dUradarzI, vIra krAMtikArI lokAzAha tumheM hamArA bhAvapUrNa zata-zata vandana abhinandana hai ! lokAzAha kI yaha krAMti vilakSaNa hai. jJAna darzana cAritrapradhAna 'sthAnakavAsI samAja' isI vIra puruSa kI dena hai. usa vikaTa aMdhakAra ke aTapaTe jar3ayuga meM guNa-pUjA kI sabala sthApanA kitanI utsAhapUrNa va AzA-prada ghaTanA hai. hama kalpanA taka nahIM kara sakate. agara lokAzAha ne yaha dhArmika krAMti na kI hotI to Aja kyA hotA ? hamArA kartavya bhArata ke lUthara lokAzAha kI krAMti kA mUlyAMkana sarala nahIM hai. para durbhAgya se hamAre samAja meM itihAsa ke lekhana va pracAra evaM prasAra kI bhAvanA na hone se eka aisA jabardasta krAMtikara atIta ke aMdhakAra meM Aja bhI vilupta hai. nahIM to kyA isa sudhAraka kA mahattva madhyakAlIna kisI bhI dharma-sudhAraka se kama hai? isa mahAn krAMtipraNetA kA AdyopAMta vizada S S www.gamemorary.org
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________________ pArasamala prasUna : dIrghadRSTi lokAzAha : 183 vivaraNa prastuta kara hama aba purAnI bhUloM kA parimArjana kara sakate haiM. anyathA AnevAlA kala hameM kadApi kSamA nahIM karegA. dharmavedI para balidAna sudhAraka kA patha kaMTakAkIrNa hotA hai. unheM pUjA milatI hai to prahAra bhI. mUrkha janatA apane vIra sudhAraka kA ekadama svAgata kahA~ karatI hai ? IsA ko zUlI para car3hanA par3atA hai to sukarAta ko viSapAna karanA hotA hai. paigambara muhammada sAhaba ko makkA se madInA prayANa karanA par3atA hai. yahI bAta isa sudhAraka lokAzAha ke sAtha huI. caityavAsI evaM svArthI loga loMkAzAha kI vimala kIrti va unakA dina pratidina bar3hatA prabhAva sahana nahIM kara sake. eka dina viSayukta AhAra se isa vIra ne apane prANoM taka ko samAja dharma kI balivedI para ha~sate-ha~sate nyauchAvara kara diyA. krAMti kI mazAla kI kitanI dIpti ? lokAzAha dharma ke liye hI jiye va dharma ke liye hI mare. ve krAMti kI lapaTa banakara Aye aura prakAzapuMja phailA gaye. REMEMAKERMEXNXNNNX aMtima AkAMkSA nazvara zarIra se na sahI krAMti ke avinazvara svara se ve Aja bhI amara haiM. unakI krAMti ke sphuliMga Aja bhI vAyumaNDala meM itastataH vyApta haiM. unakI siMhagarjanA se Aja bhI dizAe~ gUMja rahI haiM. lokAzAha ke krAntimaya jIvana ke aMgAre Aja bhI maMda nahIM hue haiM. unakI jyoti akhaMDa hai. AvazyakatA hai ki usa krAMti kI jvAlA meM se epha zolA phUTakara bAhara Aye va camake tathA punaH sazakta naI krAMti kare tAki Aja kA ajJAna, bhaya, avizvAsa, dveSa, phUTa se jarjarita vizRMkhala jaina-samAja punaH saMyukta va sudRr3ha banakara isa Akula vizva meM navamaMgalasaMcArita kara sake. Jain Education Interational
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________________ zrIdalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA, nidezaka, da0 lA0 bhAratIya saMskRti-vidyAmaMdira ahamadAbAda lokAzAha mata kI do pothiyA~ [bhAratavarSa ke sAMskRtika utkrAntipUrNa itihAsa meM 15-16vIM zatAbdI kA viziSTa mahattva rahA hai. kabIra, nAnaka, aura tAraNataraNa svAmI Adi mahAn puruSoM ne nirguNa vicAradhArA kA prabalatA se samarthana kiyA hai evaM saguNopAsaka samAja dharma aura pUjA ke nAma para phaile hue arthahIna ADambaroM para prahAra kara janamAnasa ko ubuddha kiyA hai. zrImAn lokAzAha bhI isI yuga kI upalabdhi haiM. isameM koI sandeha nahIM ki unake mana meM jainadharma kI zuddha prabhAvanA kI balavatI bhAvanA ghara kiye huI thI aura ve yaha cAhate the ki zramaNasaMskRti meM AcAramUlaka jo zaithilya praviSTa ho gayA hai usakA unmUlana ho. yahA~ prazna yaha upasthita ho jAtA hai ki zrImAn lokAzAha ne Adarza mUlaka sampradAya prArambha to kiyA para unakI maulika vicAradhArA kyA thI? ve saMskAra ke rUpa meM samAja ko kyA denA cAhate the aura unakA uccAdarza kisa prakAra aura kisa sImA taka pratisphuTita huA ? evaM unake paravartI vibhinna AnugAmikoM ne unake nAma para kina siddhAMtoM kA samarthana karate hue parivartana parivardhana va parizodhana kiyA ? ityAdi tathya timirAcchanna haiM. prastuta nibaMdha isI anusaMdhAna meM yahA~ prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai. isake pazcAt bhI anveSaNa kA kSetra prazasta hotA rahe evaM anya kinhIM vidvAnoM ko etadviSayaka prAmANika sAmagrI upalabdha ho to ve avazya hI prakAza meM lAeM tAki yaha andhakArapUrNa yuga Alokita ho sake. isa sambandha meM nimna sAmagrI bhI dRSTavya hai(1) siddhAMta caupaI-muni lAvaNyasamayakRta, racanAkAla 1543. (2) siddhAMtasAroddhAra-kamalasaMyama upAdhyAyapraNIta. racanA-kAla 1544. (3) trayodazavacana-pAvacandra sUri grathita, racanA saM0 16 vIM sadI ke karIba. (4) siddhAMtabola saMgraha-lekhana kAla : 1571 (5) kumatividhvaMsana caupaI-hIrakalaza guMphita. racanAkAla 1617. (6) loka-matanirAkaraNa caupaI-sumatikIrti kRta. (7) pravacana-parIkSA-dharmasAgaragrathita racanAkAla 1675. (8) lupakamata-tamodinakara caupaI. guNavinayakRta. racanA : 1675. (6) loMkAmata-svAdhyAya-gajasAgara. racanA : 17 vIM sadI. (10) rUpacanda mAMDaNi TIkama kRta. racanA : 1666. (11) dayA dharma caupaI-bhAnucandra kRta. ina ke atirikta tAtkAlika jaina granthoM kI paTTAvaliyoM meM lokAzAha aura tadanuyAyiyoM ke sambandha meM bhI kaI ullekha upalabdha haiM jo samasAmayika sthiti ke adhyayana meM sahAyaka ho sakate haiM. purAtana jJAnAgAroM meM bhI vidvAnoM ke smaraNapatra va sphuTa carcAtmaka granthoM meM isa viSaya kI carcA pAI jAtI hai. -saMpAdaka ] Jaituti mtainendrary.org
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________________ PRMANNERMIREMENMARAMNRNAMA dalasukhabhAI molavaNiyA : lokAzAha mata kI do pothiyAM : 185 zrI lokAzAha sthAnakavAsI sampradAya ke Adi saMsthApaka mAne jAte haiM. kintu unake viSaya meM tathA unake dvArA racita sAhitya ke viSaya meM hamArA jJAna atyalpa hai. unake virodhiyoM ne unake viSaya meM jo kucha likhA hai, usI ko AdhAra mAna kara abhI taka loMkAzAha kA itihAsa likhA gayA hai. aba taka yaha khoja nahIM huI ki unhoMne svayaM yA unake anuyAyiyoM ne kyA kucha likhA hai. sahI jAnakArI ke lie aura unake prAmANika itihAsa ke lie yaha Avazyaka hai ki unakA likhA yA unakA upadiSTa kucha sAhitya khojA jAya. isa ora merI abhI-abhI pravRtti huI hai. maiMne kucha hastalikhita pratiyoM kA nirIkSaNa kiyA to patA lagA ki zrI lokAzAha ke virodhiyoM ne jo likhA hai usameM yaha viveka nahIM kiyA gayA ki svayaM lokAzAha ne kyA kahA aura usake bAda unake anuyAyiyoM ne (jo kAlakrama se hote Aye haiM) kyA kahA ? ataeva vipakSiyoM ke isa sAhitya se yathArtha bAta sAmane nahIM AtI. kintu samagra rUpa se sthAnakavAsI sampradAya kI kyA-kyA bAteM thIM, yahI kevala jAnA jAtA hai. kisa krama se yaha sampradAya Age bar3hA aura loMkAzAha ne kitanI bAteM kahIM aura kitanI bAteM bAda ke AcAryoM ne usameM jor3I, yaha jAnane kA ThIka sAdhana abhI taka mudrita rUpa meM hamAre sAmane nahIM AyA. maiMne hastalikhita pratiyoM meM khojanA prArambha kiyA ki svayaM lokAzAha ko kyA bAteM mAnya thIM ? sadbhAgya se mere sAmane aisI do hastalikhita pratiyAM AI haiM jinake viSaya meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki unakA sIdhA saMbandha lokAzAha se hai. ina do pratiyoM kA paricaya yahAM denA hai aura inake phalitArtha para kucha vivecana karanA hai. ina do pratiyoM kI nakaleM lokAzAha ke virodhiyoM ne kI haiM, kyoMki eka meM luMkA ke sthAna para saMskRta meM 'lupaka' likhA huA hai aura dUsarI meM prati kI samApti ke anantara likhA hai--isameM jo likhA hai vaha zraddhA ke lie nahIM, apitu lokAzAha kyA mAnate haiM, use dikhAne ke mantavya se likhA hai. tathApi donoM pratiyoM meM likhita mUla mantavya to loMkA ke hI haiM, isameM tanika bhI saMdeha nahIM. kyoMki eka meM spaSTarUpeNa likhA hai ki yahA~ lokAzAha ke dvArA jina 58 bola-bAtoM kI zraddhA kI gaI hai tathA jo unhoMne kiyA hai vahI likhA jAtA hai. eka meM 58 to dUsarI meM 33 bola haiM. itanI sAmAnya-carcA ke bAda aba donoM pratiyoM ke AdhAra para jo mata phalita hotA hai usakI carcA kI jAya. yaha to nizcita hai ki loMkAzAha ne mUrti kA nirmANa, mUrti kI pUjA, mUrti kI pratiSThA, tIrthayAtrA Adi mUrtipUjA ke sAtha saMbandha rakhane vAlI sabhI bAtoM meM hiMsA dekhI hai. dayA ke nAma para yA ahiMsA ke nAma para unakA virodha kiyA hai. unhoMne yaha batAne kA prayatna kiyA hai ki zAstra meM mUrtipUjA ko kartavya yA Avazyaka kartavya meM sthAna nahIM hai. draupadI jaisI kisI vyakti dvArA mUrtipUjA karane kA ullekha yadi zAstra meM hai bhI to isakA tAtparya itanA hI hai ki usane mUrti kI pUjA sAMsArika prayojanoM se kI hai, mokSa ke lie nahIM. mUrtipUjA hiMsA kA kAma hai ataeva vaha dharmakArya nahIM hai, isa bAta kI siddhi karane ke lie zrI lokAzAha ne jahA~ kahIM se, jo bhI Agama-vAkya kA sahArA milA, usa sabhI kA upayoga karake eka hI bAta kaha dI hai ki dayA meM dharma hai aura hiMsA se saMsAra. ataeva mUrti-pUjA akaraNIya hai. unake isa Agraha kA khaMDana kaI vidvAnoM ne yogya uktiyoM dvArA karane kA prayatna kiyA hai. aura sambhavataH una uktiyoM kA hI phala hai ki Aja sthAnakavAsiyoM meM mUrtipUjA kA bhale hI pracAra na huA ho kintu loMkA gaccha meM to mUrtipUjA kA pracalana huA hI hai. tatkAlIna dhArmika itihAsa kA paryAlocana kiyA jAya to vidita hogA ki deza kI dhArmika AvazyakatAoM meM se hI mUrtipUjA jaina dharma meM AI hai aura vaha sthira rahane ke lie hI AI hai. usakA sarvathA unmUlana nahIM ho sakatA hai. mUrtipUjA meM kaI prakAra ke ADambara A gae haiM aura unakA nirAkaraNa jarUrI hai kintu ADambaroM ke sAtha mUrtipUjA ko bhI uThA denA saMbhava nahIM hai... lekina loMkAzAha ko to eka bAta kA virodha karanA thA. ataeva ati Agraha kiye vinA unakA kAma cala nahIM sakatA thA. samAdhAna-vRtti ko apanAne para yA samanvaya-vRtti ko apanAne para to dharma meM bhI mUrti ko svIkAra karanA par3atA aura aisI sthiti meM mUrtipUjA kA Atyantika virodha sambhava nahIM raha jAtA, aise Atyantika virodha meM se hI sampra TERNANING WATARY Jain Edation larations Use Swosiainelibrary.org
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________________ MORE 186 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya dAyoM kA janma hotA hai. samAdhAna yA samanvaya meM se sampradAya utpanna nahIM ho sakatA. isa prakAra jainadharma meM mUrtipUjA virodhI lokAzAha sampradAya zurU huA. kintu Aja ke amUrtipUjaka jaina loga apane ko loMkA sampradAya ke nAma se nahIM parantu sthAnakavAsI yA terApaMthI ke nAma se kahate haiM. aisA kyoM huA, yaha bhI jAnanA jarUrI hai. loMkAzAha kI mUrtipUjA virodhI mAnyatA ko kAyama rakhate hue bhI ina sampradAyoM ke pravartakoM ne kucha naI bAteM jor3I haiM. una naI bAtoM ko jor3ane ke kAraNa ye sampradAya naye-naye nAmoM se pahicAne jAte haiM. svayaM lokAzAha ne kisI bhI sAdhu ke pAsa dIkSA nahIM lI. ve bhikSAjIvI the. kintu mahAvratoM ko unhoMne svIkAra nahIM kiyA thA. isalie ve na zrAvaka the aura na sAdhu hI. saM0 1534 (matAntara se 1530, 1531) meM bhANAjI jaba unake anuyAyI huye to bhANAjI ne mahAvratoM kA svIkAra kiyA thA. aura phira unhIM se vezadharoM kI paramparA zurU huI jo loMkA ke nAma se prasiddha huI. Age cala kara isI loMkA-sampradAya meM se, guru ke sAtha manamuTAva ho jAne ke kAraNa bhANAjI RSi (ye prathamokta bhANAjI se bhinna the.) saM0 1687 meM DhUDha meM jAkara rahe, ataeva unakA sampradAya 'DhUMDhiyA' ke nAma se prasiddha huA. isa sampradAya kI bhI kaI zAkhA-prazAkhAeM huI kintu Aja ye sabhI sthAnakavAsI kahalAte haiM. parantu inameM bhI kucha upa-sampradAya aise haiM jo Aja sthAnakavAsI hote hue bhI sthAnaka meM Thaharane se inkAra karate haiM. DhUMDhiyA sampradAya meM se hI saM0 1818 meM bhIkhaNa jI alaga ho gaye. unhoMne terApaMtha kI sthApanA kI. ina sabhI kA isa viSaya meM eka mata hai ki mUrtipUjA na kI jAya. kintu veza aura upakaraNoM meM bahuta thor3A hI bheda hai. kucha zAstrIya bAtoM meM bhI bheda hai. lokAzAha ke viSaya meM yaha AkSepa kiyA gayA hai ki ve tatkAlIna sultAna ke sAtha mila gaye aura kaI mandiroM kA dhvaMsa kiyA. isa AkSepa meM satya kA itanA hI aMza hai ki sulatAna ne mUrtipUjA kA virodha mUrti kA dhvaMsa karake kiyA jabaki loMkAzAha ne zAstrIya pramANoM se. saMbhava hai ki bar3hate huye muslima prabhAva se bhI lokAzAha ne kucha preraNA lI ho aura jainAgamoM ke AdhAra para virodha kiyA ho. Aja ke sthAnakavAsI tathA terApaMthI sampradAyoM meM 32 mUla mAtra Agama pramANa rUpa meM svIkRta haiM. kintu lokAzAha ko 45 mAnya the. yaha bAta virodhiyoM ke dvArA likhe gaye graMthoM se jAnI jA sakatI hai. prastuta 58 bola ke aura 33 bola ke AdhAra para to yaha bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki loMkAzAha ko 45 AgamoM kI niyukti, cUNi, TIkA Adi bhI utane aMza meM mAnya the jinakA AgamoM ke sAtha virodha nahIM hai. lokAzAha rajoharaNa, daMDa, mukhavastrikA tathA kambala nahIM rakhate the, jo tatkAlIna yatiyoM aura sAdhuoM ke vaMza meM sthAna pA cuke the. pAtra rakhate the kintu anya yatiyoM kI taraha usameM lepa nahIM dete the. kintu yaha bhI spaSTa hai ki mukhavastrikA jaisI Aja thor3e se parimANa-bheda ke sAtha sthAnakavAsI aura terApaMthI sadaiva bAMdhate haiM, loMkAzAha yA unake anuyAyI bhANAjI nahIM bAMdhate the. yaha bhI spaSTa hai ki mukhavastrikA meM dhAgA DAlakara kAna meM bAMdhane kI prathA lokAzAha ke kaI varSoM ke bAda jaba DhUMDhiyA sampradAya calA taba zurU huI hai. isake pahale mUrtipUjakoM meM bhI kucha loga bAMdhate avazya the, parantu kevala vyAkhyAna ke samaya hI. bAMdhane ke prakAra meM bhI yaha itihAsa batAyA gayA hai ki saM0 1008 meM mukhavastrikA ke choroM ko kAna ke cheda meM DAlakara vyAkhyAna ke avasara para muMha aura nAka DhaMkA jAtA thA. isake bAda lokAzAha kI paramparA meM dhAgA sIkara ke usa dhAge se kAna meM bAMdha kara vyAkhyAna meM muMha aura nAka DhaMkanA zurU huA. isake bAda DhUMDhiyA sampradAya meM Aja kI taraha muMhapattI bAMdhanA zurU huA. usI ke nApa meM thor3A parivartana karake terApaMthI bhI bAMdhate haiM. lokAzAha ke mantavyoM kI carcA karane vAlI donoM hastalikhita pratiyoM meM muhapattI kI koI carcA nahIM hai. isase bhI patA calatA hai ki usa samaya yaha koI vivAda kA prazna nahIM thA.. virodhiyoM ne loMkAzAha ko mUrkha Adi aneka vizeSaNoM se vibhUSita kiyA hai. kintu ina donoM hastalikhita pratiyoM ke AdhAra se itanA to nizcita rUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai ki jaina AgamoM aura unakI TIkAoM kA jJAna unheM thA. vyAkhyA unakI apanI thI para unheM zAstroM kA jJAna hI nahIM thA, aisA nahIM kahA jA sakatA. mUrtipUjA ke virodha ke viSaya meM unakA ati Agraha thA, yaha satya hai. phira bhI unakI vANI meM viveka kI mAtrA pada Jain Educawen and a personal use.com CONTrellbrary.org
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________________ dalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA : loMkAzAha mata kI do pothiyAM : 187 #######*ARXXXXXMMMM. pada para dIkhatI hai. adhikAMza boloM ke anta meM ve yahI kahate yA likhate haiM ki buddhimAn loga isa viSaya meM soceM. yA vivekI jana isa para vicAra kareM. isase yaha suspaSTa hai ki unake lekhana meM kaTutA bar3hAne kA bhAva nahIM thA. lokAzAha kA yaha virodha saphala huA hai aura dharma meM jo mUrtivirodhI samprAdaya khar3A huA hai, isake mUla meM lokAzAha hI hai, aisA niHsaMkoca kahA jA sakatA hai. jainadharma ke anuyAyiyoM meM lokAzAha ke kAraNa kucha loga mUrtipUjaka nahIM rahe. kintu jo mUrtipUjaka rahe unameM bhI ADambaroM kA aura sAdhuoM ke AcAroM meM AI huI zithilatA kA virodha huA aura jainadharma adhyAtmapradhAna hI banA rahe, isalie svayaM mUrtipUjaka sAdhuoM ne bhI prayatna kiye. jainadharma ko maulika AdhyAtmikatA kI ora le jAne kA aneka mahAnubhAvoM ne prayatna kiyA hai. unameM lokAzAha kA bhI eka viziSTa sthAna rahegA, isameM do mata nahIM ho sakate. itanA paricaya ho jAne ke bAda aba ukta do pratiyoM kA vivaraNa prastuta kiyA jAtA hai. ye donoM pratiyAM ahamadAbAda ke zrI lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmandira ke antargata munirAja zrI puNyavijaya jI ke saMgraha kI haiM. (1) naM0 4121 lU~kAnI huMDI. 33 bolasaMgraha, patra 2. isake Arambha meM likhA hai ki jo loga yaha kahate haiM ki hameM niyukti, cUNi, bhASya, vRtti, prakaraNa Adi pramANa rUpa se mAnya haiM, unheM ye bAteM bhI mAnya karanI hogI. isa prakAra prastAvanA karake nizIthacUNi meM se ahiMsA Adi mahAvratoM ke jo apavAda diye haiM unameM se kucha kA ullekha kiyA hai. jaise ki gaccha kI rakSA ke lie vyAghrAdi pazu kI hatyA kI jAya taba bhI zuddha arthAt use aprAyazcittI kahA hai, ityAdi. ye apavAda nizIthacUNi ke uddezoM ke krama se cune haiM aura bola 1 se lekara 25 taka isI meM se haiM. 25 veM bola ke anta meM likhA hai-"jisa nizIthacUNi meM aisI bAteM haiM vaha sampUrNa rUpa se kaise pramANa mAnI jAya ? arthAt unameM jo avirodhI bAteM haiM ve to pramANa haiM kintu koI yaha kahe ki jaisI likhI haiM vaisI hI pramANa mAnI jAe~, taba lokAzAha ne saMdeha uThAyA hai. chabbIsavA~ bola uttarAdhyayana (a. 6) kI TIkA meM se hai, jahAM yaha ullekha hai ki muni, prasaMga Ane para cakravartI ke sampUrNa sainya ko naSTa kara sakatA hai. anta meM likhA hai ki isa viSaya meM buddhimAn puruSa soceM. isI prakAra ke apavAda kI carcA 27 veM bola se lekara 35 veM bola taka vyavahAravRtti, prajJApanAvRtti aura Avazyakaniyukti meM se kI gaI hai aura prazna kiyA hai ki isa prakArakI bAteM jisa Avazyakaniyukti meM hoM, vaha caturdazapUrvI bhadrabAhu svAmI kI racanA kaise mAnI jA sakatI hai ? aura aisI aisI bAteM jina granthoM meM hoM unheM sampUrNa rUpa se pramANa kaise mAnA jAya ? ataeva buddhimAna puruSa isa viSaya meM soceM aura mUla siddhAntoM ke Upara zraddhA kareM. jisase isa loka aura paraloka donoM meM sukha prApta kareMge. isa prati ke anta meM jo likhA hai usase spaSTa hai ki yaha prati lokAzAha ke mata kA yathArtha nirdeza karatI hai. sAtha hI kApI karane vAle ne apanI ora se vAcaka ko upadeza diyA hai ki pratimA mAnane vAle ke lie to sarvayuktioM se paMcAMgI pramANa hai aura yahAM jo yaha likhA hai vaha kevala jAnane ke lie hI likhA hai. yathA-"e sarva lUkAmatInI yukti chai. pratimA mAnai tehane to paMcAMgo pramANai sarva yukti pramANa chai.' jANavAnai hetuiM likhu chai.' sAra yaha hai ki prastuta 33 bola kA viSaya yaha dikhalAnA hai ki mUla Agama hI pramANa hai aura niyukti Adi sarvAMzataH pramANa nahIM haiM. yaha kahanA isalie Avazyaka thA ki vipakSI loga loMkA ke samakSa AgamoM kI TIkAoM meM se pramANa upasthita karate hoMge. ataeva una TIkAgranthoM ke prAmANa kA parIkSaNa karanA loMkA ke lie Avazyaka ho gayA thA. 33 bola meM yahI unhoMne kiyA hai. (2) naM. 2686. lUkAnA saddahiyA aThAvana bola vivaraNa patra 15. isa prati ke prArambha meM haratAla lagAkara guru kA nAma nikAla diyA hai aura usake bAda--'gurubhyo namaH. lUkAnA saddahiyA anai karyA bola 58 likhii ch|'hai. isa prakAra prArambha meM hI lUkA kI zraddhA jina 58 boloM meM thI aura jo unhoMne dUsaroM ke samakSa rakhe the, usakI muraliyA banara kI bola kara lindi kA Jain lucation International www.lainelibraorg
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________________ MMMMMMMMMMWWWXRMERWHEWINE 188 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya sUcI de dI hai. isake bAda eka eka kA vivaraNa likhA gayA hai. samApti meM prathama pratIta hotA hai ki isa graMtha kA saMskRta nAma diyA hai jisa para haratAla lagA dI gaI hai. usakA kAraNa yaha hai ki yaha prati virodhI ne likhI thI. aura luMkA ke nAma kA saMskRta rUpa lupaka kA nirdeza usameM kiyA gayA hai. pratIta hotA hai ki jaba yaha kisI lukA ke anuyAyI ke pAsa AI taba usane luMpaka nAma ke Upara haratAla lagA dI. sAtha hI saMskRta nAma ke Upara bhI haratAla lagA dI. phira bhI jo par3hA jAtA hai vaha isa prakAra haiiti zrI lupakena kRtASTapaMcAza....ta...vicArazca. lukAnA saddahiyA anai lukAnA kariyA aThAvana bola anai tehanu vicAra lidiu chai. zubhaM bhavatu. yaha prati patra 15 kI prathama ardha bAjU meM samApta hotI hai kintu usake bAda 54 bola kI eka sUcI likhI gaI hai aura prArambha meM prazna kiyA gayA hai ki ina 54 bAtoM kA mUla Agama meM kahAM hai ? isa sUcI meM tatkAla ke AcAra aura vicAra kI aisI bAtoM kA saMgraha kiyA gayA hai jo mUla AgamoM meM nahIM milatI haiM, kintu usa kAla meM jaina samAja meM pracalita ho gaI thIM aura jinake viSaya meM loMkA aura unake anuyAyI prazna uThAte hoMge. isa prati ko mudrita karane kA vicAra hai, ataeva vizeSa vivaraNa mudraNa ke samaya diyA jAyagA.
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________________ kuMvara lAlacandra nAhaTA 'taruNa' sthAnakavAsI paramparA kI vizeSatAe~ zarIra vijAtIya padArthoM ke praveza se vikAragrasta ho jAtA hai. yahI niyama bhASA, jAti, paMtha, saMpradAya, saMskRti evaM dharma para bhI caritArtha hotA hai. vAtAvaraNa meM vyApta vijAtIya tattvoM kI pracuratA evaM anaMtakAlIna vibhAvapariNati se udbhUta mAnava-mana kI pramAdapriyatA se jaba dharma meM vijAtIya tattva sthAna pA jAte haiM to dharma meM pAkhaMDa, ADaMbara evaM guraDamavAda kA bolabAlA ho jAtA hai. dharma kA vAstavika uddezya vilupta ho jAtA hai. niHsattva kriyA-kAMDoM kI bharamAra ho jAtI hai, jinapara AdhArita vidhi-niSedhoM se mAnava kA mana kuMThAgrasta ho jAtA hai. dharma ke isa zava se utpanna durgandha se samasta vAtAvaraNa viSama aura viSamaya ho jAtA hai. aise samaya meM yA to usameM krAMti hotI hai athavA vaha vinaSTa ho jAtA hai. jaina-dharma bhI isakA apavAda nahIM hai. bhagavAn mahAvIra ne jina rIti-rivAjoM yA kriyAkANDoM kA virodha kiyA thA unake kucha kAla pazcAt ve hI cora darvAjoM se isameM praveza karane lage. jaba dhIre-dhIre jaina-dharma meM vikAra atyadhika bar3ha gaye, to usameM krAMti ke liye pUrI-pUrI pIThikA taiyAra ho gayI. aise hI samaya meM ahamadAbAda ke zrImAn lokAzAha nAmaka mahAn pratibhAsaMpanna, tejasvI, vidvAn zrAvaka ko saMyogavazAt Agamaavalokana kA avasara upalabdha huA. unake sundara akSaroM para mohita hokara jJAnajI nAmaka yati ne unheM pratilipi karane ke hetu zAstra diye. sujJa zrAvakajI ne una zAstroM kI do-do pratilipiyA~ kI. eka-eka prati yatijI ko dI tathA eka-eka apane pAsa surakSita rakhI. tIvra medhAvI aura parama jijJAsu to ve the hI, yatiyoM evaM paMDitoM ke vizeSa saMparka se AgamoM meM unakI gati bhI thI; phira mila gayA unheM pratilipi karate samaya AgamoM ke gahana adhyayana, anuzIlana aura anusaMdhAna kA avasara ! phira kyA thA, unakI pratibhA nikhara uThI. unake jJAnacakSu khula gaye. unhoMne dRr3ha saMkalpa kiyA ki jaina-dharma meM praviSTa ADaMbara aura pAkhaMDa-prapaMca haTAkara zuddha jaina-dharma kA pracAra karU~gA. apane bhagIratha-prayatnoM se unhoMne apane jIvanakAla meM hI bahusaMkhyaka vyaktiyoM ko apanA anuyAyI banAyA. vartamAna yuga meM bhagavAn mahAvIra dvArA saMsthApita aura zrImAn lokAzAha dvArA pracArita jaina dharma kI maulika dhArA sthAnakavAsI paramparA ke nAma se prakhyAta hai. yaha paramparA jaina-dharma kI prAcIna garimA se saMyukta to hai hI, AdhunikatA se bhI samanvita hai. isakI tIna maulika vizeSatAe~ haiM :(1) mUrtipUjA kI anupAdeyatA (2) mukhavastrikA kI anivAryatA (3) Agamoktta AcAra kA paripAlana. (1) mUrtipUjA kI anupAdeyatA-jaisA ki bhArata ke mAnanIya pradhAnamaMtrI paMDita javAharalAlajI neharU ne apanI vizvavikhyAta pustaka 'hindustAna kI kahAnI' meM siddha kiyA hai, mUrtipUjA kA mUla srota yunAna hai. bhArata meM buddha ke bace hue smRticihnoM ke Adara mAna-sammAna ne Age jAkara unakI aura buddha kI mUrtiyoM kI pUjA ko janma diyA. isI kA anukaraNa anya saMpradAyoM ne kiyA. phArasI meM mUrti ke liye prayukta zabda 'buta' buddha kA apabhraMza hI hai, yaha isakA pramANa hai. jaina-dharma meM mahAvIra ke bahuta kAla pazcAt mUrti-pUjA kA praveza huA. prArambha meM kevala smAraka Adi bane. phira dhIre . Jain Edu PRISry.org
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________________ 160 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya Zhuang Cha Zheng Cha Cha Xie Fei Qin Za An Zhe Man Man Ran Ran Zi Jiang Qin Ji dhIre usameM mUrtiyAM AI, aura unakA pUjana prArambha huA aura aba to sAdhaka kI samasta sAdhanA hI isa pUjApATha ke AsapAsa kendrita ho gaI. kintu prAcIna aura Agamika sAhitya kA avalokana karate haiM to yaha spaSTa siddha hotA hai ki mUla jainadharma meM mUrtipUjA ko koI sthAna nahIM thA. yadi mUrtipUjA mUlataH Agamasammata hotI to AgamoM meM avazya isakA ullekha hotA ki mUrti kisa dhAtu kI honI cAhiye, kisa AkAra-prakAra kI honI cAhiye, kisa Asana aura kisa mudrA meM honI cAhiye ? kintu pUre ke pUre AgamasAhitya meM kisI bhI sthAna para ukta viSayoM kA varNana prApta nahIM hotA. isase yaha spaSTa siddha hotA hai ki AgamakAroM ko mUrtipUjA abhISTa nahIM thI, na jainadharma meM usa samaya mUrtipUjA pracalita hI huI thI. upAsakadazAMga sUtra meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke pramukha 10 zrAvakoM ke jIvanacarita kA tathA jIvana-caryA kA vistRta varNana hai. unake upavAsa karane, poSadhazAlA meM jAne, pauSadha karane ke ullekha bhI haiM, kintu kisI bhI zrAvaka dvArA, kisI bhI samaya meM maMdira jAne yA mUrti pUjane kA koI ullekha nahIM hai. kisI zrAvaka dvArA maMdira Adi ke nirmANa karAye jAne kA bhI varNana nahIM hai. aneka AgamoM meM hameM bhagavat-vaMdanArtha jAnevAle zrAvakoM, rAjAoM aura devatAoM kA vizada varNana milatA hai, kintu tIrthakaroM kI mUrtivaMdanArtha jAnevAloM kA nahIM. bhagavatI aura pupphiyA sUtra meM somila ko uttara dete hue mahAvIra pharamAte haiM hamAre mata meM jJAna-darzana-cAritra Adi se AtmavikAsa karanA hI yAtrA hai. 'jJAtAdharmakathA' sUtra meM thAvaccA anagAra ne bhI zuka parivrAjaka ko aisA hI uttara diyA. isase spaSTa siddha hotA hai ki jainadharma meM maMdira-mUrti athavA parvata, nadI Adi para jAne ko kabhI bhI puNyakArya yA dharmakArya (tIrthayAtrA) nahIM mAnA gayA. jJAna, darzana, cAritra dvArA AtmavikAsa ko hI jainadharma tIrthayAtrA mAnatA hai, hama dekhate haiM ki bhagavAna ne bhinna-ginna AgamoM meM, bhinna-bhinna nayavivakSAoM se dharmasAdhanA ke bheda-prabhedoM ke vistRta varNana kiye kintu kisI bhI naya se sAdhanA ke kisI bhI stara para mUrtipUjA kI gaNanA nahIM kI. na hI unhoMne kahIM mUrtipUjA kA Adeza upadeza rUpa se vidhividhAna hI kiyA. bhagavatI Adi sUtroM meM bhagavAn ke evaM gautama Adi ke vibhinna viSayoM para sahasroM praznotara hue. unameM sAdhAraNa viSayoM se lekara gahana gambhIra dArzanika gutthiyoM para bhI praznottara hue kintu mUrtipUjA ke viSaya meM eka bhI praznottara nahIM huA. isase siddha hotA hai ki usa samaya jainadharma meM mUrtipUjA ko koI sthAna nahIM thA. samavAyAMga sUtra evaM dazAzrutaskandha meM 33 prakAra kI AzAtanAe~ TAlanA Avazyaka batAyA hai, kintu mandira mati kI koI AzAtanA honA yA TAlanA nahIM batAyA. isI prakAra chedasUtroM meM anekoM bAtoM ke prAyazcitta batAye kintu murtipUjA nahIM karane se athavA mUrti nahIM banavAne se athavA mUrtipUjA kA khaNDana karane se koI prAyazcitta AtA ho aisA nahIM batAyA. 1. mUrtipUjaka samAja ke suprasiddha vidvAn paMDita becaradAsajI 'jaina sAhitya meM vikAra' nAmaka grantha meM likhate haiM : 'mUrtivAda caityavAda ke bAda kA yAne use ceyavAda jitanA prAcIna mAnane ke liye hamAre pAsa eka bhI aisA majabUta pramANa nahIM hai jo zAstrIya sUtravidhiniSpanna yA aitihAsika ho. yoM to hama aura hamAre kulAcArya bhI mUrtivAda ko anAdi kA ThaharAne aura mahAvIrabhASita batalAne kA bigula bajAne ke samAna bAteM kiyA karate haiM, parantu jaba una bAtoM ko siddha karane ke liye koI aitihAsika pramANa gA aMgasUtra kA vidhivAnya mAMgA jAtA hai, taba hama bagaleM jhAMkane lagate haiM aura apanI pravAhavAhI paramparA kI DhAla ko Age kara apane bacAva ke liye bujagoM ko sAmane rakhate hai. maine bahuta koziza kI tathApi paraMparA aura 'bAbAvAkyaM pramANaM' ke sivA mUrtivAda ko sthApita karane ke saMbaMdha meM mujhe eka bhI pramANa yA vivAna nahIM milA-maiM yaha bAta himmatapUrvaka kaha sakatA hU~ ki maiMne muniyoM yA zrAvakoM ke liye devadarzana yA devapUjana kA vidhAna kisI bhI aMgasUtra meM nahIM dekhA. itanA hI nahIM balki bhagavatI Adi sUtroM meM kaI eka zrAvakoM kI kathAyeM AtI haiM. unameM unakI caryA kA bhI ullekha hai, parantu usameM eka bhI zabda aisA mAlUma nahIM hotA jisake AdhAra se hama apanI upasthita kI huI devapUjana aura tadAzrita devadravya kI mAnyatA ko ghar3I bhara ke liye bhI TikA sakeM. RECE Jaincareenientime arjsinclibrary.org
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________________ lAlacandra nAhaTA 'taruNa' : sthAnakavAsI paramparA kI vizeSatAe~ : 111 Huan Chang Chang Jie Zhu Jiu Ye Zhi Ye Ban Lian Zhun Gang Kai Ye Jiu Xu bauddha graMthoM meM jaina siddhAntoM ke ullekha evaM AlocanA donoM hI milate haiM kintu kahIM bhI jainadharma meM mUrtipUjA kI carcA nahIM hai. isase bhI usa samaya meM jainadharma meM mUrtipUjA kA na honA siddha hotA hai. bhagavAn mahAvIra ke vihAra ke evaM unake Thaharane ke sthAnoM ke vizada varNana AgamoM meM sthAna-sthAna para prApta hote haiM kintu eka bhI sthAna para unake jaina maMdira meM Thaharane kA varNana nahIM hai. yadi usa samaya jaina maMdira the to bhagavAn unameM kabhI bhI kyoM nahIM Thahare yA gaye ? AgamoM meM kaI nagaroM kA, aura yahAM taka ki yakSAyatanoM aura bAgabagIcoM taka kA bhI varNana anekoM sthaloM para vistAra se upalabdha hotA hai kintu kisI bhI nagara meM tIrthaMkara-maMdira kA honA nahIM batAyA hai. praznavyAkaraNa sUtra ke prathama AzravadvAra meM devAlaya, maMdira, mUrti, stUpa, caitya Adi banavAne ko hiMsAkArI kRtya aura usakA aniSTa phala batAyA. isase spaSTa hai ki jainadharma meM mUrtipUjA kA koI prazna hI nahIM uThatA. jainadharma meM mUrtipUjA ghusane ke bAda bhI aneka vidvAnoM ne usakI kar3I AlocanA kI hai jisase mUrtipUjA kA pakSa atyanta nirbala ho jAtA hai. (2) mukhavastrikA kI anivAryatA-sthAnakavAsI jaina muni sarvadA aura zrAvaka dharmakriyA karate samaya mukha para mukhavastrikA bA~dhe rahate haiM, kyoMki(1) bhagavatI sUtra meM svayaM bhagavAn mahAvIra ne pharamAyA hai ki 'jIvahiMsA karake bolI gayI bhASA sAvadya (pApamaya) hotI hai. (2) mahAnizItha nAmaka sUtra meM bhI kahA hai-kAna meM DAlI gayI muhapattI ke binA yA sarvathA muhapattI ke vinA iriyAvahI kriyA karane para sAdhu ko micchA mi dukkaDaM kA yA Der3ha paharasI kA daNDa AtA hai.2 (3) mukha se nikalane vAle uSNa zvAsa se vAyukAyika jIvoM kI to virAdhanA hotI hI hai kintu trasa jIvoM ke mukha meM praveza kI bhI saMbhAvanA sadA rahatI hai tathA acAnaka AI huI khAMsI, chIMka Adi se thUka Adi zAstroM yA kapar3oM para girane kI bhI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai. mukhavastrikA ina saba kaThinAiyoM kA samIcIna pratIkAra hai. (4) AgamoM tathA anya sAhitya meM sthAna-sthAna para mukhavastrikA muha para bAMdhane ke puSkala pramANa prApta hote haiM, yathA(1) jJAtAdharmakathA ke 14 veM adhyayana meM likhA hai ki jaba tetalI pradhAna ko usakI strI apriya ho gayI to vaha dAnAdi dekara samaya bitAne lagI. usa samaya tetalIpura meM AyA huA suvratAjI kA saMghADA nagara meM bhikSArtha ghUmatA huA tetalI pradhAna ke ghara AyA. taba tetalI pradhAna kI apriya patnI poTTilA ne una sAdhvIjI ko azanAdi baharAyA aura pUchane lagI-Apa anekoM nagaroM meM bhramaNa karate haiM. kahIM aisI jar3I bUTI yA maMtrAdi upAya dekhA ho to batAiye jisake prayoga se maiM punaH svapati kI priyA bana jAU~. aisA sunate hI una mahAsatIjI ne apane donoM kAnoM meM donoM hAthoM kI aMguliyA~ 1. goyamA ! jAheNaM sakke deviMde devarAyA muhumakAyaM aNijjUhittANaM bhAsaM bhAsati tAheNaM sakke devide devarAyA sAvajjaM bhAsaM bhAsai jAheNaM sakke deviMde devarAyA sumakAyaM NijjUhittANa bhAsaM bhAsai tAhe sakke deviMde devarAyA asAvajjaM bhAtaM bhAsai-zrI vyAkhyAprajJaptau SoDaza zatakasya dvitIyo ze. 2. kanneTThiyAe vA muhaNaMtageNa vA viNA iriyaM paDikkame bhicchukkaDaM purim|| mahAnizItha sUtra a07 3. tathA saMpAtimA sattvAH, sUkSma ca vyApino'pare / teSAM rakSAnimittaMca vijJa yA mukhabastrikA / -yogazAstra kA hindI bhASAMtara pR0 260 / arthAt saMpAtima aura sUkSma jIvoM kI rakSA ke liye mukhavastrikA samajhanI cAhie / FOR m DDITI Jain ymncionary.org
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________________ WWMMENAMMARNAMANNNNE 112 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya lagAkara kahA-aho devAnupriye ! hameM isa prakAra ke zabda kAnoM se sunanA bhI nahIM kalpatA hai. phira aisA mArga dikhAnA to rahA hI kahA~ ? isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki sAdhvIjI ke muMha para mukhavastrikA ba~dhI huI thI, kyoMki unake donoM hAtha to donoM kAnoM ko baMda karane ke liye una para lage hue the aura khule muha ve bola nahIM sakatI thI. aisI sthiti meM bolane se unake mukha para mukhavastrikA baMdhI honI cAhie. (2) nirayAvaliyA sUtra meM likhA hai ki jainadharma se nikale somila brAhmaNa ne kASTha kI muhapattI muMha para bAMdhI, kintu saMnyAsa dharma meM kahIM bhI kASTha-paTTI bAMdhane kA vidhAna nahIM hai. isase siddha hotA hai usa samaya jainadharma meM muMhapattI muMha para bAMdhI jAtI thI jisakI nakala somila ne kASThapaTTI bAMdhakara kI. (3) bhagavatIsUtra zataka 8 uddezA 33 meM jamAli ke dIkSAdhikAra meM ullekha hai "suddhAe aTThapaDalAe pottie muMha baMdhai" gRhastha nAI se saMbaMdhita isa pATha se bhI yahI siddha hotA hai ki usa samaya ATha par3ata vAlI mukhavastrikA mukha para bAMdhI jAtI thI. yaha bhI siddha hotA hai ki vyAvahArika kArya meM bhI ATha par3ata kI muhapattI cAhiye to vAyukAyika jIvoM kI virAdhanA se bacane ke lie to isakA honA anivArya hI hai. AgamasAhitya kA gahana adhyayana karane para aura bhI anekoM pramANa mukhavastrikA bAMdhane ke mila sakate haiM. (4) Agametara sAhitya meM(ka) zivapurANa jJAnasaMhitA meM jaina muni ke lakSaNa batAte hue kahate haiM haste pAtra dadhAnAzca, tuDe vastrasya dhArakAH, malinAnyeva vAsAMsi, dhArayantyalpabhASiNaH / hAtha meM kASTha pAtra vAle, muMha para dhAraNa kI huI mukhavastrikA vAle, malIna vastra vAle aura alpabhASI ko hI janamuni kahA hai tathA Age calakara yaha bhI batAyA hai ki aise (mukhavastrikA muha para bAMdhane vAle) jaina muni RSabhAvatAra ke samaya bhI the. usa samaya bhI Aja kI hI bhAMti saba yahI samajhate the ki mukhavastrikA bA~dhane kI paramparA bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke samaya se hI calI ArahI hai. (kha) zrImAlapurANa adhyAya 7-33 meM bhI muha para muhapattI dhAraNa karane vAle ko hI jainamuni kahA hai. (ga) inake atirikta AcAradinakara, bhuvanabhAnukevalI caritra, haribala macchI no rAsa, avatAracaritra, samyaktvamUla vArA vrata nI TIpa, hitazikSA no rAsa, oghaniyukti, jainakathAratnakoSa, samutthAna sUtra, muhapatticarcAsAra Adi anekAneka graMtha aise haiM, jinake lekhaka sthAnakavAsI nahIM hote hue bhI unameM mukhavastrikA bAMdhane ke pramANa prApta hote haiM. (5) mukhavastrikA sthAnakavAsI jaina sAdhu kA paricaya-cihna hai. saMsAra ke sabhI prakAra ke sAdhuoM ke alaga-alaga cihna haiM. koI lambA koI Ar3A tilaka, koI trizUladhArI to koI mayUrapaMkhadhArI, koI bhagavA~ kapar3e vAle to koI lAla kapar3e vAle hote haiM. mukhavastrikA dekhate hI sthAnakavAsI jaina muni kI pahacAna ho sakatI hai. isa prakAra hamane dekhA ki sthAnakavAsI paramparA kI mukhavastrikA dhAraNa karane kI vizeSatA ogamasammata, yuktiyukta evaM vaijJAnika hai. aba sthAnakavAsI paramparA kI ahiMsA-sAdhanA yA AcAra-paripAlana kI ora dRSTipAta karaleM(3) prAcAra-pAlana-sthAnakavAsI paramparAkA AcAra-pAlana-ahiMsA-sAdhanA sAre vizva meM anupama, vaijJAnika evaM vyAvahArika hai. sAdhu trikaraNa triyoga se hiMsA ke sarvathA tyAgI hote haiM, sthAvara kAya se lekara paMcendriya taka kisI bhI prANI kI na to svayaM hiMsA karate haiM, na karavAte haiM, na hI karane vAloM ko acchA hI samajhate haiM aura na hI ve aisA upadeza dete haiM jisase kisI bhI hiMsAmaya (sAvadya) kArya ko protsAhana mile. isI ahiMsA-sAdhanA ke lie ve Agamokta mukhastrikA dhAraNa ACT TIMIT BABA P HAMARI
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________________ ENNERMERIKANXXX22KANNA lAlacandra nAhaTA 'taruNa' : sthAnakavAsI paramparA kI vizeSatAe~ : 163 karate haiM aura rajoharaNa rakhate haiM. AgamoM meM sAdhuoM ke lie jina AcAroM kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai, sthAnakavAsI jaina muni prAyaH sabhI kA pAlana karate haiM. vihAra ke samaya unake sAmAna ko Dhone ke lie koI AdamI sAtha nahIM hotA, ataH svabhAvata: ve kama se kama upakaraNa rakhate haiM. sAtha meM koI bhakta nahIM calate jo unake lie AhAra-pAnI kI vyavasthA kareM. ataeva unheM mArga kI kaThinAiyoM kA bhArI sAmanA karanA par3atA hai. do-do mAsa taka sarvathA nirAhAra rahane kI kaThora-tama tapasyA isI samAja ke sAdhu aura zrAvaka karate haiM. samagra vizva meM dhArmika tapasyAoM ke itane bar3e-bar3e rikArDa khojane para bhI nahIM mila sakate. paryo, tyohAroM aura vizeSa avasaroM para isa paramparA meM nRtya gAje bAje Adi kA Ayojana nahIM kiyA jAtA, na hI kisI prakAra kA ADambara kiyA jAtA hai. tapa-tyAga, pratyAkhyAna, svAdhyAya Adi sAtvika kArya hI kiye jAte haiM. isa samAja ke sabhI sAdhu sAdhvI pAda-vihArI, tyAgI, tapasvI, krodha, mAna, mAyA evaM parigraha ke sarvathA tyAgI, prabala virAgI, alpa evaM mRdu bhASI, saMsAra ko Atma-kalyANa kA patha-pradarzana karane vAle, dharma ke preraNAsrota, satya ke pujArI, jJAna ke devatA hote haiM. inake upadeza nivRtti-sAdhanA se anuprANita aura vairAgyaraMga se anuraMjita to hote hI haiM, kintu saMsAra meM sukha, zAnti aura samRddhi kI vRddhi meM sahAyaka evaM pArasparika vidveSa, kaTutA, ghRNA, pratispardhA evaM IrSyA-dveSa kI samApti ke lie amogha astra rUpa bhI hote haiM. inake pravacana-zravaNa se mana kI duSpravRttiyA~ zAMta ho jAtI haiM. vikAroM, bhrAnta-dhAraNAoM, zaMkAoM, kuMThAoM aura antardvandvoM ke jvAra samApta hokara mana aura AtmA zAnta evaM nirmala bana jAtI hai. sthAnakavAsI samAja kI sAhityika mAnyatA kusumAdapi komala aura vajrAdapi kaThora hai. ise saMsAra kA sabhI satsAhitya mAnya hai, cAhe vaha kisI bhI deza ke kisI bhI dharma ke kisI bhI vidvAn dvArA likhA gayA ho. isake sAtha hI vajra ke samAna eka kaThora zarta bhI jur3I huI hai ki vaha Atma-kalyANa aura Atma-vikAsa meM bAdhaka na ho. arthAt Agama-viruddha na ho. isa komalatA aura dRr3hatA ke phalasvarUpa hI yaha apane (jaina dharma ke) maulika svarUpa ko surakSita rakha sakA hai. bhISaNatama jhaMjhAvAtoM, bhayaMkara tUphAnoM, ghoratama bhUkampoM ke dussaha dunivAra jhaTakoM ke bIca bhI Aja yaha samAja aDola akampa khar3A hai. vAtAvaraNa meM panapane vAlI vikRtiyoM se bahuta kucha achUtA rahA hai. sanAtana aura cirantana satya kA pratIka, Adhunikatama vijJAna kI abhinava upalabdhiyoM se paripuSTa, Atma-vikAsa kA sabalatama mArga-pradarzaka yaha atyanta pragatizIla sampradAya hai. Jain Education Interational
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________________ marudharakesarI zrImizrImalajI mahArAja sthAnakavAsI jaina samAja rA sAcA sapUta sthAnakavAsI jaina samAja rA sAcA sapUta, mhArA pyArA dayAdharma rA lAr3alA bhAiyo! zramaNa bhagavAn zrImahAvIra svAmIro zAsaNa 21000varSoM tAMi akhaMDa cAlasI,iso bhagavatI sUtrameM dAkhalo Ayo hai. jiNasU pUro-pUro bharoso hai ki o dayAmaya dharma sIMgharI taraha suM cAlato hIja revelA. piNa sole supaNAM rA varatArA sUM kaNehI maMda ne kaNe hI teja veto varatelA. jiNarA pratyakSa dAkhalA gayA kAlarA par3havA meM tathA suNavA meM AyA hai aura abAra bhI ohija DhaMga dekha rayA hAM. samayasamaya para dharma meM sithilatA Ai jare camatkArI puruSa paidA huA ne nIco par3atA dharma ne jhelane uMco caDhAyo. eDA puruSa tyAgI vairAgI kriyApAtra eka hIja nahIM, ghaNA huA hai. jiNoMrA thoDAsAka namUnArUpa dAkhalA Apa logAM re sanmukha rAkhU hUM so dhyAna sUM paDhajo. (1) dharmadAsajI ma0-jAtarA bhAvasAra, jIvaNadAsa bhAirA beTA ne hIrAbAI rA aMgajAta hA. ve saMvat 17 sau meM potiyAbaMdha paMtha ne chor3ane sAco sAdhumArga apaNAyo. Apare celA 66 huA. 22 saMpradAyarI thApanA kivI. dayAdharma dipAyo, ghaNA camatkArI-ugravihArI-ghora tapasvI ne kriyoddhAraka hA. gvAliyara mahArAjA AparA pUrNa bhakta baNiyA ne khUba sevA kIdhI. kAraNa eka bAra Apa gvAliyara padhAriyA ne masANAM meM rUMkhare nIce svAdhyAya kara rayA hA. uNa sameM sikAra meM gayoDA siMdhiyA darabAra ne sarpa kATa khAyo ne behosa hoya gayA. sArA saradAra dilagIra hoya ne pAchA sahara meM jAvatAM masANAM re pAsa meM AyA ne zrIdharmadAsajI ma0 ne dekhiyA. jare saradArAM pUchiyo ke mahArAja, aThe kAMi kara rayA ho ? svAmIjI pharamAyo ki AtmA ro sAdhana kara rayA hAM. saradArAM kayo ke mahArAja ! thAMro pagaphero cokho nahIM huvo kAraNa ke thAre AvAsU mhArA rAjAjI ne sarpa kATa khAyo ne upAya lAge koyanI. darabAra lAsare jyu hoya gayA hai. so yA to Apa iNAM ne sAvala karo nahIM tara thAMne ghaNI tasdI devAMlA. svAmIjI phuramAyo ke bhAI, thArI the jANo, mhAM to isA paDapaMca meM par3AM koyanI. piNa eka bAta hai ke jo rAjAjI Aja sUM sikAra jAvatA baMdha ho jAve to sarpa ro jahara to kAMi bar3I bAta hai-mhoTA jahara piNa amRta sarIkhA ho jAve hai. saradArAM maMjUra kara darabAra ne caraNAM meM suvANiyA, ne AparA pagAM heTalI dhUDa leIne mAthe saradArAM nAkhI. dharmarA pratApasUM kevo yA svAmIjI rA tyAgabalasU kevo, rAjAjI ro jahara utara gayo ne uThane baiThA hoya gayA. sArAM ne ghaNo acaMbhoM Ayo. rAjAjI suNa ne khuzI mAnI ne svAmIjI ne gurupaNe dhAraNa kiyA tathA madirA-mAMsarA tyAga kara pAchA zahara meM AyA. svAmIjI ne piNa zahara meM lAyA, ghaNo dharmaro udyota kiyo. A bAta saMvat 1764 rA aSAr3ha sudI 7 rI hai. zrIdharmadAsajI ma. sA0 ro nAma ghaNo vadhiyo. saiMkar3oM sAdhu-sAdhavI huyA, ne saMvat 1772 meM dhAra nagara meM 22 saMpradAya sthApita karI. uNahIja varSa eka Aparo ziSya lUNakaraNajI dhAra meM saMthAro kiyo, uNa samaya AcArya zrIjI ma0 ujjaiNa virAjatA hA. celArA bhAva saMthArA meM DhIlA par3a gayA. samajAyAM samaje nahIM, jare samAcAra ujjaiNa pUjyajI ma. sA0 ne bhejiyA. suNatAM pANa uThA su vihAra karAyo. sitAva paNAsuM cAlatA eka gAma meM ahAra kiyo. ahAra meM Tella Jair pricala jaineigrary.org SH AP
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________________ zrImizrImalajI marudharakesarI : samAjarA sAcA sapUta : 165 telarA bhujiyA arogiyA ne phera vihAra kara sAMjare pelI Apa dhAra padhAriyA. pANI pI sakiyA nahIM ne paDikamaNo ThAya diyo. bAda meM paccakhANa kara celAne samajAyo, svargArA sukha batAyA, piNa DigyoDo majabUta nahIM huvo. jare uNa ne uThAya ne uNarI Thaura Apa saMthAro karane poDha gayA. garmIrA joga sUM bar3I kheda utpanna hui piNa vIra mAtA rA vIra puruSa dharma re upara Apa balidAna de diyo-tIna dinaro saMthAro Ayo ne caita sudI 11 ne svarga padhAra gayA. uNoM ro vo pATa AjattAi dhAra meM maujUda keve hai. dhanya isA puruSAM ne. (2) zrIlavajI RSijI ma0--sUratarA vAsI, phUlAM bAi rA aMgajAta, voharA vIra jI rA dohitA hA. loMkA gacharA yati bajaraMgajI re pAsa jJAna paDhatAM vairAgya utpanna hoya gayo ne yati dIkSA livI; piNa unhAro sithilAcAra sahana nahIM huvo, jare Apa AjJA le ne svataMtra vihAra kara diyo. ne somajI seTha ne vairAga bhAva jAgrata kara saMjama dirAyo ne tIsarA bhANajI bhAI bhI saMjama liyo. tInAM svayaM bhagavAnarI sAkSI saM dayAdharma dhAraNa kara suddha dIkSA aMgIkAra karI. Apa loMkAzAha re bAda pelA kriyA suddha karane vAlA mahA uttama puruSa jJAnarA dhaNI ne prabhAvazAlI kSamArA avatAra hA. ghaNo pracAra kara saikar3oM bhavi jIvA ne samakittaro svarUpa olakhAyo. AparA ghaNA lADalA somajI svAmI ne dharmarA dveSI mAra nAMkhiyA piNa Apa ghaNI zAMti rakhAi. ne dharma ne uMco lAyA. (3) zrIdharmasiMhajI ma.-uttara gujarAtarA saravAniyA gAmarA revAsI, revA bhAi rA putra ne raMbhA vAi rA aMgajAta hA. Apa aSTAvadhAnI hA, ne do pagAM sUM ne do hAthAM tUM arthAt cAra kalamAM sUM eka sAtha likhatA hA. AparI buddhi dhaNI nirmala hI. 32sUtrAM rA TabbA Apa baNAyA jikA Aja dariyApurI TabbA nAma sUM samAja meM maujUdA hai. Apa tIsarA pracAraka hA, kriyA uddhAra karane zAsaNa ne dipAyo. (4) zrI prA. jIvarAjajI ma0--Apa kuMvarajI yatirA celA hA. ghaNA vidvAn bhAgyazAlI aura vicAraka puruSa hA. eka bAra, garmI rI mausama meM rAtarA pyAsa lAga gai, jiNa sUM bar3I vedanA huI. jatijI celArA moha meM Aya ne pAnI pIvaNa ro izAro kara diyo ne kayo ki eDI takalIpha ho jAve to pAnI pI leve to cauvihAra meM TaMTo nahIM lAge. A bAta suNa ne jIvarAjajI ma0 phuramAyo ke guru mahArAja, Apane sahAya deNo to dUra rahyo, ulTo mhane kAyara banAo ho. celAro moha DubAvaNa vAlo hai. maiM to mara jAUM para vrata bhAMgu konI. rAta jyoM-tyoM pUrI karI. prabhAta hotAM hI gurujI ne namaskAra kara cAlatA rahiyA ne svayaM dIkSA leine dayA dharma ro pracAra zurU kiyo. Apa ro parivAra bhI ghaNo baDhiyo ne tyAga tapasyA rA jora sUM hajArAM logoM ne dharmare sanmukha kiyA. (5) zrI daulatarAmajI ma.-koTA saMmpradAyarA saMsthApaka hA. baDA sUtroM rA jANa, kriyApAtra aura mahA mhoTA puruSa hA. uNa jamAnA meM dillI meM dalapatarAjajI zrAvaka dravyAnuyoga rA prakhara vidvAn hA. mA beTA do jaNA hA. dhanamAyA ghara meM ghaNI hI, piNa byAva kiyo nahIM ne zrAvaka dharma meM ghaNA majabUta hA. sAro dhana mAtAjI ne saMbhalAya diyo ne bAdazAhare sAtha jUve ramatA rojinA 5 rUpiyA jItatA, jiNa mAya sUM 1 rupiyA khAvana sAru, ne 2 rupiyA svami bhAI bahinArI sahAyatA meM detA. 2 rupiyA jJAna khAtA meM lagAvatA. Apa rA vaNAyor3A graMtha, navatattva praznottara, dalapatarAya nA praznottara, samakilachappanI, naya nikSepa pramANa Adi graMtha Aja hai ve sUtrAM sUM barAbara milatA tathA pramANika hai. suNaNa meM eDI bhI AI ke mahAvideha kSetra meM sImaMdhara svAmIjI re zrImukha sUM pahilA devalokarA indra nigodaro svarUpa suNiyo jarai ucharaMga bhAva sU indra pUchiyo ke bhagavAn aiDo nigodaro svarUpa samajAvaNa vAlo bharata kSetra meM koI hai ? bhagavAn pharamAyo ke dillI meM dalapatarAja zrAvaka hai, uNaro jJAna nirmala hai. indra mahArAja ne suNane ghaNo icaraja Ayo. brAhmaNa ro rUpa vaNAyane zrAvakajI kane pahociyA ne vinaya sU kayo ke maiM Apa kane nigoda ro svarUpa sunano cAvU hUM. zrAvaka jI kayo ke khuzI sUM suNo. zrAvaka jI bhinna-bhinna tarahasU nigoda pada suNAyo. suNane indra mahArAja to Ananda meM magana hoya gayA ne pAcho kayo ke zrAvaka jI, dhanya hai Apa rA jJAnane. zrAvakajI kayo ke jJAnIro jJAna to ghaNo gahana hai, mhArA kSayopazama pramANe sunAyo hUM. pache zrAvakajI re sAmane Aparo hAtha laMbo kara ne pUchiyo ke zrAvakajI, mhAro Aukho AparA dhyAna meM kitaroka jaMce hai ? zrAvakajI hAtha dekhane upayoga ____ JainEdLandan Hansrary.org
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________________ 166 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya lagAya ne kayo ke mane to 2 sAgaropama ro bhAse hai. suNane indra mahArAja mulakIyA ne kayo Apa to mane olakha liyo. aba Apa kAiM ne kAiM mAMgo. zrAvakajI kayo ke mAre to kAiM cAyanA nahIM, kAraNa manuSya janma ne jainadharma hAthe Aya gayo phira kAI cahije. ito kahatAM piNa indra nahI mAnIyo, zrAvakajI jare kahyo ki Apa nArAja ho to ho, mhAre rojAnA 5 rupiyA kamAvAro joga hai. so Apa savA pAMca yA pUNI pAMca kara dirAvo. indra mahArAja jJAna saM joyo to mAlUma hui ke pAMca meM kamati vattI nahIM ho sake. jare phuramAyo ke A bAta to baiThe koyanI. zrAvakajI kayo-ThIka hai. Apa Ananda sUM padhAro. indra Apare ThikANe gayA. zrAvakajI dharmadhyAna meM masta hai. zrAvaka rI tArIpha sunane AcArya zrI daulatarAmajI ma0 zrIbhagavatI sUtra rI vAcaNI levA sArU dillI padhAriyA ne zrAvaka jI ne kayo. zrAvaka arja karI ke caumAso aTha karAvo, maiM sevA meM hAjara hUM. zrI daulatarAmajI ma. sA0 caumAso kiyo ne pAnA bhagavatI sUtrarA vAcaNI levaNa sAru kADhiyA. zrAvakajI vinayapUrvaka arja karI ke svAmI nAtha ! bhagavatI sUtra ghaNo mhoTo hai, Apa pahalI dasavekAlika sUtrarI vAcaNI lirAvo. pUjya zrI ne thoDo vicAra Ayo ne phuramAyo ke zrAvaka jI, dasarvakAlika rI to mhArA potA par3apotA celA hI vAMcaNI liyor3A hai. zrAvakajI kayo-kRpAnAtha ! Apa to ghaNA bahuzruti ho piNa tAbedAra rI arja to Aija hai ki Apa ne dasavaikAlika rI vAMcaNI leNI cokhI rahelA. Akhira dasavaikAlikarI vAMcaNI prArambha kivI-zrAvakajI bhinna-bhinna taraha saM samajAvaNa lAgA. pUjajI ne ghaNo Ananda Ayo. cAra mahinAM meM chajjIvaNI taka rI vAcaNI livI. uNameM hI battIsa sUtroM rA bhAva batAya diyA. pUjyajI ma. phuramAyo ke itto cha jIvaNI meM jANapaNo hai. dhanya hai AparI tarka budhi ne. dalapatarAyajI arja karI ke Akhira chaThe Are chajIvanIja revelA so itaro iNA meM jJAna nahIM ve to pache ve jIva kiNa taraha jANapaNo kara AtmAro kalyANa kara sake. pUjya mahArAja aura zrAvaka jI rA praznottara Aja maujUda hai. uNAM ne paDhiyAM patto paDe hai ke donoM mahApuruSa samartha jJAnI hoya ne jina zAsana dipAya ne AchI gatI meM padhAriyA. (6) AcArya zrI dhanarAjajI ma0-jAtarA poravAla. mAravAr3arA mAlavAr3A gAmarA revAsI, kAmadAra vAdhAjI mUthArA beTA hA. potiyAvaMda dharma meM dIkSA livI ne pache dharmadAsajI mahArAja rA celA huvA. Apa ADo AsaNa karane sUvatA nahIM-AtApanA letA-pAMcoM vigayarA tyAga ne ekAntara nirantara tapasyA karatA hA ne eka hI cAdara proDhavA ne rAkhatA hA. ghaNA camatkArI, vacanasiddha puruSa huvA ne mhoTA-mhoTAne dayA dharma meM pakkA banAya ne Aparo ne parAyAMro uddhAra kiyo. (7) AcArya zrI bhUdharajI ma.-sojatarA nivAsI, jAtarA mUNoyata, mANacandajI rA beTA, jodhapura mahArAjA zrI ajitasiMha jI rA phojI aphasara hA. ghaNI lar3AyAM jItI, DAkU corAM ne sara kiyA. eka bAra sirIyArI re ghATA meM 84 DAkuvAne gheriyA, lar3AI phatte karI, DAkuvoM ro saphAyo kiyo. uNa vakhata eka DAkUrA hAtha sUM AparA uMTare taravAra ro jhaTako lAgaNa sU AdhI gardana kaTa gaI ne UMTa ghaNo tar3apha-tar3apha ne mariyo. aiDo prasaMga dekhane Apane glAnI paidA ho gaI ke o kAma khoTo. AtmA ne DubovaNa ko rAsto hai. Apa sarakArI naukarI chor3a potiyAbaMda dharma meM dIkSita ho gayA. ghaNI Rddhi, aurata, beTA, parivAra chor3a ne nikaliyA. bAda meM zrIdharmadAsajI ma0 tathA zrI dhanAjI ma0 rA saMsarga meM AyA. sAcI bAta jANa ne suddha sAdhupaNo liyo. pAMca pAMcaro Apa pAraNoM karatA hA. cAra vigaya rA tyAgI hA. upadeza Aparo ghaNo umadA ho jiNAsU ghaNA bhavijIvAM ne sudha samakitaro dAna dirAyo, ghaNA rAjA rANA umarAvAM ne samajAyA. dillI rA bAdazAharA sAhajAdIrA prANa bacAyA-uNA rAjI vene comAso karAyo, ATha dina pajusaNoM ro agatAro paravAnA karane diyA ne bArAdarI ro makAna zrAvakAM re dharma dhyAnare vAste diyo. jaina dharmaro nAma ghaNo dipAyo, jiNasuM jodhapurarA divAna bhaMDArI khivasIjI AparA pakkA bhakta vaNiyA ne mAravADa meM vinatI kara ne lAyA. mArga meM Apane ghaNA parISA par3iyA. sojata meM eka bhaya vAlA masjida meM maravAne vAste utAra diyA piNa tyAga tapasyA rA joga sU Ala Ai nahIM. pache uNa masjiro darabAra sU paravAno hoya gayo ke Aja pache iNa makAna meM zrAvaka, samAi posA paDikamaNA kIjo ne sAdhAM ne utArajo, koi thAne khecala nahIM kara sakelA. vo thAnaka koTarA mohalA meM sojata meM hAla maujUda hai. AparA 6 celA huvA. dharma dIpAya ne svarga meM padhAriyA, Jain Educatinute wwwjainmelibrary.org
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________________ zrImizrImalajI marudhara kesarI : samAjarA sAcA sapUta : 197 Cha Qi Cha Cha Luo Luo Ci Cha Ye Qi Zhuang Yi Qi Qi Zhuang Qi Zhuang Zi Zhuang Qi (8) pUjya zrIraghunAthajI mahArAja-Apa bhUdharajI mahArAja rA celA, sojatarA rahavAsI jAtarA balAvata, nathamalajI rA beTA ne somAdejIrA aMgajAta hA. Apa veda purANa upaniSadoM rA ne bhagavat-gItA rA AchA jJAtA hA. sojatarI hAkamI aura kiyoDo sagapaNa chor3a AparA mitraro maraNo suna cAmuNDA devI ne mAtho car3hAvaNa ne jAya rayA hA amara hovaNAre vAste. rAstA meM pUjya zrI bhUdharajI mahArAja miliyA. tIna dina taka carcA karane samajAyA. usI Tema cAra khaMda kara liyA. mAtA pitA re kAla kiyAM re bAda sAsarA bAlA ghaNo jhamelo kiyo kAraNa ApasU sambanba kiyI vA bAI ratnavatI dUjA ne paraNIje nahIM, piNa Apa to rAtarA makAna suM kUda ne jodhatura poMciyA ne bhaMDArI jI sIMvasI jI sU miliyA ne pUjya mahArAja re pAsa 1787 rAjeTha bada 2 vudhavAra ne sAdhUpaNo ghaNA ThATha-bATa saM liyo. dIkSA meM sAro kharca zrI jI darabAra kA khajAnA sU huvo. Apa dIkSA levatA hI pAMca-pAMca ro pAraNo karaNo ne 4 vigaya nahIM lagAvaNaro niyama liyo. 18 bar3A-bar3A musaddIyoM ne samakitaro dAna diyo. Aparo pratApa ghaNo badhiyo. aura dharmarA pracAra meM bhATA khAyA, kATaNa kutA rI vedanA bhI sahana kIvI, jahara ro bhojana bhI arogiyo. Apane mAraNa sArU para pakSa vAlA ghaNA ugra pariSaha diyA. piNa jAlora samadaDI pAlI sAdaDI meDatA Adi sAta sau gAMvoM meM dayA-dharma ko jhaMDo ropa diyo. prAparA paracA bhI dhaNA hai. 525 dIkSA AparA hAtha sU huI. 32 sUtroM rI huMDiyA bhI Apa banAI. AparA guru bhAI zrI jetasIjI mahArAja, zrI jayamallajI mahArAja, zrI kuzalojI mahArAja Adi nava hA. celA zrI ToDaramalajI nagarAja jI Adi ghaNA vidvAn ne kriyApAtra hA. terApaMtha rA pravartaka zrI bhISaNajI bhI AparA celA hA. saMvata 1816 caitra suda 6 zukravAra ne zAstrIya matabheda hoNA se sambandha viccheda kara diyo. AparA jamAnA meM jatiyoro jora ghaNo ho. uNAsU zAstrIya carcA kara suddha mArga rI thApanA kI, jiNa para aMbAlAla sevaga meDatAvAlo dUho kayo ke jati dharma jAto rahyo, thAnaka lAgA thATa, upAzraya prADA jaDyA, paDiyA re gayA pATa / isA ugrabhAgI vairAgI mahA mhoTA puruSa hA. Aparo janma 1766 mAgha suda 5 ro ho ne pAlI meM Apa kAla Ayo jANa ne saMthAro kiyo. 17 dina ro saMthAro dipAyo. assI varSa meM 1846 rA mAgha sudI 11 ne divaMgata huvA. (6) pUjya zrIjayamalajI mahArAja-Apa udAvatoMrI lAMbiyAM rA vAsI, jAtarA samadar3iyA mUthA, mohanadAsa jI rA beTA, ne mahimA devIrA aMgajAta hA. AparA bar3A bhAI riDamalajI hA. uNoro parivAra nAnaNA mAravAr3a meM hai. Aparo janma saMvat 1762 bhAdavA sudI 14 zanivAra ne huvo. Aparo byAha 1787 rA ASAr3ha sudI 1 ne lAMchA devI re sAtha huvo. Apa mAla kharIdaNa vAste meDate AyA. pUjya bhUdharajI re pAsa vairAgI vaNa gayA. 1 pora meM paDikamaNo zIkhIyA. 1787 migasara vadI 2 ne dIkSA meDatA meM lIvI. baDI dIkSA Apa rI vikharaNiyA meM talAba re pAsa var3a lA re heThe huI. vo bar3alo bhI Aja taI duniyA~ re vAste prabhAvazAlI hoya gayo. khAMsI khulakhulIyo nIce jAvatAM hI miTa jAve. Apa bele 2 pAraNo kiyo, ADo AsaNa karatA nahIM, atApanA bhI lirAvatA hA. Apa ghaNA camatkArI puruSa hA. nAgora Deha bIkAnera Adi ghaNA gAMvoM meM dharma-pracAra kiyo, kei pariSaha sahana kiyA. Apa kavi prasiddha hA. zAstrAnusAra kavitA karatA hA ne ghaNA tavana copiyAM vaNAI hI. nAgaura meM eka mahInA ro saMthAro kara svarga padhAriyA. (10) pUjya zrI kuzalojI mahArAja-Apa baDalUrA nivAsI hA. ghaNI sukhazAhabI chor3ane sojata meM saMvat 1788 rA jeTha meM saMyama liyo pUjya bhUdharajI re pAsa meM. Apa bhadrIka saralAtmA aura poMcyor3A puruSa thA. kaI jagA AparA pratApa suM dharma rI unnati huI. Apa AtmA para jora lagAya ne uttama gati meM padhAriyA. (13) pUjya zrI ratnacandajI mahArAja-kUDa (rAjasthAna) rA nivAsI aura bhaddANe goda gayA hA. Apa zrI gumAnacanda jI mahArAja rA celA hA. kavitA bhI Apa ghaNI rasabhariyoDI karatA ne vyAkhyAna Aparo mITho ne asarakAraka ho. jiNasaM ghaNA jIva pratibodha pAyA. Apa zAstrajJa hA. sampradAya AparA nAma saM cAlI. AparA siMghAr3A meM tapasvI jI JainEducatmeaning Prelibrary.org
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________________ MER 198 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya zrI bAlacandajI mahArAja ghaNA camatkArI hA. jodhapura rA ghaNA musaddI AparI AsthA rAkhatA hA. paMDita zrI kanIrAma jI mahArAja kavi U~cA darjA rA hA ne carcAvAdI Apa cokhA hA. AparA banAyor3A graMtha Aja maujUda hai. svAmIjI zrI nandalAla jI mahArAja lekhaka nAmI hA. battIsa sUtra ghaNA vistAra sUM likhiyA. akSara motyA~ jisA hA. AcArya zrI vinayacanda jI mahArAja, prAcArya zrI zobhAcandra jI mahArAja, svAmI jI zrI candanamala jI mahArAja ghaNA hoziyAra ne sarala puruSa hA. bhavya jIvAM ne ghaNA dhhAlA lAgatA hA. (12) pUjya zrIToDaramalajI ma.-pUjya zrIraghunAthajI ma0 rA celA hA. mhoTA puruSa, mahA vidvAn aura lipikAra bhI prasiddha hA. sAta battIsIyAM Apa hAthAM sU likhI ne aura bhI graMtha ghaNA likhiyA. Apa sojata rA vAsI, jAtarA koThArI hA. bhAi re sAsare bagaDI bhUjAi ne levaNa sArU gayA ne uThe hI vairAgI bana ne dIkSA lelI. Apa kavi hA, 'ToDarasatasaI' banAI. kriyA AparI ghaNI uMcI hI. videzoM saM ghaNA prazna AvatA jiNAM rA uttara AchA DhaMga sU dirAvatA hA. AparI nezrAya meM saikar3oM sAdhu-sAdhvI hA. paM0 TIkamacandajI mahArAja vyAkaraNa rA vettA ne carcAvAdI hA. uNArA bhI grantha ghaNA hai. zrI rUpacandajI mahArAja, zrIdIpacandajI ma0, zrIbhopatarAmI ma0 tInoM hI camatkArI puruSa hA. jagA jagA camatkAra logAM dekhiyA, jiNasU dharma para majabUta huA. zrIToDaramalajI ma0 rA diyor3A ne kayoDA varadAna Aja tAMi barAbara mila rayA hai, Acho sAdhUpaNo pAla ne UMcI gati meM padhAriyA. (13) zrAcArya zrIrAyacandajI ma.-zrIjayamala jI ma0 rA pATavI celA hA. ghaNA catura kavi ne viyApAtra hA. lekhaka bhI AchA hA. svA. zrIkuzAlacandajI ma0 mahAtapasvI ugrabhAgI aura AcArya padvIre lAyaka hotA chatAM bhI Apa padvI nahIM livI. Apare 8 celA huvA. vacanasiddha bhI pUrA hA. svAmIjI rI zAkhA saM prasiddha hai. kaviyAM rI ne paMDitAM rI tathA sundara akSara vAlArI to zrIjayamalajI ma. sA0 rI saMpradAya prasiddha hI hai. paM0 zrIphakIracaMdajI ma0 una samaya rA nAmI paMDita huvA. ghaNA paM0 munirAja unAne pUchatA hA. Apa vyAkaraNa tathA darzanazAstra meM dhurandhara hA. paM0 muni zrIrAmacandrajI ma. sA0 bhI kamAla rA kavi hA. (14) pUjya zrIcauthamalajI ma.-pUjya zrIraghunAthajI ma0 rA saMpradAya meM Azukavi hA. celA bhI ghaNA huA. vyAkhyAna bhI Aparo ghaNo sundara ho. Apa bhaMvAla rA vAsI, jAtarA jhAmar3a hA. saikar3oM mhoTA 2 caritra ne copIyAM banA i. stavanoM rA to Dhera lagAya diyA. uttama puruSa saMyama pAla ne svarga padhAriyA. (15) pUjya zrIamarasiMhajI ma.---jIvarAjajI ma. rI zokhA meM huA. hajAroM navA zrAvaka baNAyA. pracAra Aparo paMjAba, yU0 pI0, mAravAr3a meM joradAra rayo, camatkArI bhI jorAvara hA. koi pAkhaDI sAmane Tika nahIM sakatA hA. AparA sighADA meM paM0 A0 zrIjItamalajI ma. nAmI lekhaka citrakAra ne vidvAn hA. saMskRta, phArasI rA paNDita hA. lekhanakalA tArIpha re jeDI hI. choTA sU choTA citrAM meM mhoTI vAtAM batAya dIvI. bhaNDArI raghunAthasIjI Apa rA pUrNa bhakta hA. vaijanAthajI paTavA AparA zrAvakA meM prasiddha hA. muni zrIjJAnacaMdajI ma0, muni zrIjeThamalajI ma0 piNa vacanasiddha puruSa hA. ve puruSa uttamagati meM jAvaNa rI sAdhanA ghaNI cokhI karI hI. parivAra sAdhu-sAdhvI ro ghaNo baDhiyo. (16) pUjya zrInAnakarAmajI ma0-zrI amarasiMhajI ma. rI zAkhA meM hA. uMcA kriyApAtra hA. dharma ajamerA prAMta meM ghaNo dipAyo. ajamera, kizanagar3ha, ToMka, savAI mAdhopura, bhIlavADA, koTA, bUdI taka pracAra kiyo. Apa rA siMghAr3A meM svA0 zrIsukhalAlajI ma0, svA0 zrInihAlacandajI ma0, zrIgajamalajI mahArAja ghaNA prabhAvazAlI huvA. tapasvIjI mAdholAlajI mahArAja rI kriyA to anokhI hI. Apa syAlA meM sube aura jeTha meM dopahara rA vihAra karAvatA. ajayaNA bacAvaNa sAru donoM hAtha bhelA karane cAlatA hA. mAsakhamaNa to Apare sAdhAraNa-sI cIja hI. eka pAtra rAkhatA hA. eka cAdara oDhatA aura 4 dravya jAvajIva tAI lagAyA. aisA ghora tapasvI hA. eka bAra Apa puSkara padhAraNa ne taiyAra huA. ajamera rA zrAvakAM manA kiyA ke puSkara matI padhAro uThe jaina sAdhAM ne revaNa deve nahIM. paMDA bar3A kurApAtI hai. tapasvI phuramAyo ke abe to puSkara jarUra jAvAMlA. Apa puSkara padhAratA hA jiNa velA uNA ne dekhane 40 paMDA, 20 saMnyAsI 16 udAsI, 15 tridaMDI, 3 rAdhAbAvA Adi kula 100 janA lAThiyAM lei ne AyA aura kayo ki-mor3A! mAjanA Jain tomato artionar
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________________ Nuo Tai Lu Qi Qi Ran Zhang Qi Fa Qi Tiao Tiao Tiao Dao Qi Qi You Lu zrImizrImalajI marudharakesarI : samAjarA sAcA sapUta : 166 sUM paro jAije, nahIM to thArA hADakA-hADakA bikhera devAMlA. mhAre tIrtha meM thAro jainIyoM ro kAMi kAma hai. mAdhujI ma0 samatA rAkhane nAga pahADa meM calIyA gayA ne tapasyA ThAya ne baiTha gayA. aura mana meM dhAraNA kara lI ke puSkarane sara kara ne hI AhAra karUMlA, nahIM to jAvajIvarA AhAra karavArA tyAga hai. pUrA dina 25 nahIM nikaliyA ne puSkara meM jora sU bemArI paidA ho gaI ne ghaNA utpAta hovaNa lAgA. sArArA hozahavAsa ur3a gayA ne vicAra kiyo ke A kAMi bAta hai ? kaThe hI asavADe pasavADe bemArI nahIM, baicenI nahIM to aTheIja kyoM hai? patto paDatAM mAlUma huI ke eka jaina rA phakkar3a ne satAyo ne vo mahAtmA nAga pahAr3a meM tapasyA tapa rayo hai. loga bhelA hoya ne sAdhujI mahArAja re pAsa gayA. vAM tapasyA ne dhyAna dekha ne ghaNo acaraja pAyA. loga kahiyo ki bAbAjI, Apa gAMva meM padhAro. mhAM para dayA karo. mhAM dukhI ho gayA hAM. sAdhujI kayo-Apa AparA karma bhUgate haiM, jaina rA sAdhA ne puSkara meM kuNa AvaNa de. loga kahyo-bAbAjI, Apa padhAro, koI nahIM rokelA. sAdhujI mahArAja kahiyo ke jIke 100 jaNA maNe rokiyo ve Aya ne keve to cAlaNa meM kaI haraja nahIM. pAchA sArA jAya ne gAMva bhelo kiyo ne pUchiyo ke jainarA phakkar3a ne kuNa rokiyo hai ? so caur3e kevo, nahIM to mahAtmA ghora tapasvI hai. dharma para mara miTelA ne ApArAM gAMva bhI barabAda ho jAvelA. jaNe ve 100 jaNA cauDe huA. vAne sAthe leNa AyA. mAphI maMgAi ne gAva meM sAdhujI ne lAyA. gAMva meM padhArayA ne pAraNoM karatAM hI zAMti hoya gai. dhaNA jIva sulabha huA ne talAka khA gayA ke Aja pache koI dharma rA mahAtmA ne AvatA mhAM nahIM varjAlA. uNa dina suM duniyAM kevaNa ne lAga gaI ke-'sau sAdhu ne eka mAdhU.' eDA mahApuruSa hA. ve khetra nikAla diyo. Aja tAI khaitra sAtAkArI hai. aura bhI zrInAnakarAmajI ma0 re saMpradAya meM sAdhu ghaNA prabhAvazAlI huA hai. (17) zrAcArya zrIsvAmIdAsajI ma0-zrIamarasiMha ma0 rA bhatIjA celA hA. Apa sojata rA vAsI, jAtarA rAtar3iyA muthA hA. Apa bar3A kar3aka hA. jaipura vATI, kizanagar3ha, rUpanagar3ha, sAMbhara, parvatasara Adi gAMvA meM pracAra kiyo. AparA siMghAr3A meM svAmI zrImahakaraNajI ma0 bhI prasiddha huvA hai. pU0 zrIrekharAjajI ma0 vyAkhyAnavAcaspati hA. kavitA ghaNI suMdara hI. jodhapura rA rAjakavi murAradAnajI saM zAstrArtha kara vijaya prApta karI hI. svA0 zrInathamalajI mahArAja kavi, kriyApAtra aura samayajJa puruSa hA. svA0 zrIbakhatAvaramalajI ma0 camatkArI hA. baMbaI jAvaNaro mArga ve sarala kiyo. lipikAra bhI cokhA hA. paMDita nAmI hA. ghaNA saMvegI saMtoM ne piNa jJAna paDhAyo. gor3avADa prAMta meM Apa ro joradAra dhAko jamIyoDo ho, piNa hA ghaNA sarala aura sevAbhAvI. ai dharma ne dIpAyo ne AchI gati prApta karI. (18) pUjya zrIzItaladAsajI ma0-aura tejasiMhajI ma0 donoM gurubhrAtA hA. bar3A sarala aura puNyavAna puruSa hA. AparA siMghAr3A meM zrIdauDajIsvAmI tathA pratApamalajI ma0 prabhAvazAlI huA ne AtmA-ro kalyANa kiyo. (16) pUjya zrInarasiMhajI ma0-mevAr3a meM pracAra jabaro kiyo. saikar3oM gAMvoM meM dharma rI jar3a ropa dI. AparA siMghAr3A meM pUjya zrImAnamalajI ma0 bar3A kAkaDAbhUta tapasvI huA. maNibhadrajI yakSa AparI sevA meM reto ho. rANAjI AparA pUrNa bhakta hA ne mevAr3a kA ghaNA saradAra, delavAr3e rAvajI, devagar3ha rAvajI, Adi solA saradAra sevA meM hAjira rahatA hA. dhaNI bAra saikar3oM bakarAM ne kuDakI ghalAI. AparA zarIra ro agni-saMskAra huvo jare eka cAdara, muhapatI ne pUjaNIre agni suM Ala nahIM Ai. logAM para ghaNo prabhAva paDayo. mevAr3a meM mAna bAbAjI rI keI loga ANa dirAvaNa ne lAga gayA. AparA siMghAr3A meM tapasvI beNIdAsajI mahArAja 50 varSa anna nahIM liyo. ghora tapasvI hA, abhigraha bhI Apa ghaNA AkarA kiyA ke hAthI kaMdoI rI dukAna suM lADu lene vaharAve to pAraNo karaNo. udepura meM abhigraha phaliyo. aura bhI ghaNA abhigraha kiyA. paMDita bAlakisanajI muni mahArAja bhI nAmI huA. piNa choTI umara meM kAla kara gayA. kavi RSabhadAsajI piNa grantha kei baNAyA hai. pUjya ekaliMgadAsajI ma0 bhI ghaNA sarala puruSa AparI sAdhanA saphala karI. (20) pUjya zrImanoharadAsajI ma0-jamanApAra rA kSetra sudhAriyA. ghaNo upakAra kiyo. AparA siMghAr3AmeM zrIratnacaMdajI ma0 piNa camatkArI puruSa huA. hajAroM agravAloM ne tathA pallivAlA ne jaina baNAyA. AgarA meM Aparo ghaNo prabhAva ho aura Aja piNa unhoMrI puNya tithi manAve ne Apare nAma para jainaratnamuni koleja hAI skUla Adi cAle hai. pUjya SITAMI NENTALIMITALITIATTARAITITIATRINAMUNICIPALIENTI NAMMmALIAMIN -P VPanelar INMIKISA UmundranRIKAANNAY Jain Education SUJorg
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________________ 200 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya HENRN9NREENERNMENE mokhamajI svAmI, pUjya zrImotIrAmajI ma. piNa prabhAvazAlI hoI ne dharma ne UMco lAyA. (21) pUjya zrInAthUrAmajI ma0-aura zrIrUpacandajI ma0 piNa guru bhAI hA. pracAra ghaNo kiyo. yU0 pI0 prAMta, bharatapura, dholapura, bhaTiMDA, bIkAnera Adi meM prasiddha puruSa hA. paM0 RSirAjajI ma0, bhajjUlAlajI ma0, zrIvinecandajI ma0, bar3A kaviratna, paMDitarAja aura vAdImAnamardana hA. uNAM rA banAyoDA patha aneka hai. zrIagaracandajI ma0 alavelA masta camatkArI sAdhu dharma rA pAlaka hA. (22) pUjya zrImAdhavamunijI ma0-Apa jAti rA brAhmaNa hA aura dharmadAsajI marI saMpradAya rA AcArya hA. mahAvidvAn kriyApAtra tathA bar3A vIra puruSa hA. vyAkhyAna bhI ghaNo asarakAraka ho. ne carcAvAdI ne kavi mahAna hA. kei graMtha AparA banAyoDA hai. bar3A-bar3A paMDitAM suM Takkara lIvI ne unhoMne Age nahIM AvaNa diyA. pallIvAla bhAyAM ne digambara logoM ne samajhAya ne dharma meM dRr3ha kiyA. eka bAra eka digaMbarI bhAI pUchiyo ke Apa muMDA Upara pATI kyoM bAMdho ho ? Apa pharamAyo ke pahalI to yo dharma ro cinha hai, dUsarI bAta jIvAMrI jatanA re vAste hai. tIsarI bAta koI jIvajaMtu muMDA meM bar3e nahIM, iNa vAste bAMdhA hAM. vo bhAI majAka karI ke yoM koI muMDA meM thor3A hI bar3e hai. A to bAta galata hai. ittA meM to unarA khulA muMDA meM mAkhI bar3a gaI ne nIce utara gai. vamana hovaNa lAgI ne ghaNo dukha pAyo. jada vo sAcI mAnI ke mahArAja, Aja tUM maiM mukhapatti jarUra bAMbUlA. keNo sAco hai. kavitA meM anuprAsa alaMkArAM rI jhar3a bAMdha detA hA. anuzAsana Aparo baDo karaDo ho. choTI umara meM hI sarvadharma sammelana meM jaina-samAja rA pratinidhi baNa ne mathurA, jayapura caumAso kara padhAratA hA, mArga meM aksamAt svarga padhAra gayA. aura dharmadAsajI ma0 rA siMghAr3A meM zrInarottamadAsajI mahArAja, zrIkAsIrAmajI mahArAja, zrIjJAnacaMdajI mahArAja, zrIcaMpAlAlajI, ma0, pUjya zrInaMdalAlajI ma0, zrIcunnIlAlajI ma0, zrIpUrNamalajI ma0, zrItArAcandajI ma0, tapasvI zrIbhagavAndAsajI ma0, zrIindaramalajI mahArAja Adi ghaNA uMcA kriyApAtra, prabhAvazAlI, camatkArI aura zraddhAzIla puruSa huvA ne dharma ne ghaNo dipAya ne AchI gati meM padhAriyA. (23) pUjya zrItiloka RSijI mahArAja-mahAkavi, sundara lekhaka, citrakAra, paMDita aura sarala prakRti rA dhaNI hA. Apa lAkhAM zlokAM rA graMtha banAyA. mahArASTra meM ghaNo nAma dipAyo. Ayukho thor3A pAyA piNa AparI kRtiyAM suM amara ho gayA. pU0 zrIratnaRSijI ma. piNa vidvAn hA. pUjya zrIamolakaRSijI ma0 to mahA upakArI hA. samAja ro bacco bacco jANa rayo hai. saba suM bar3I bAta to A kivI ke mahAmaMgalIka 32 sUtrAM ro hindI anuvAda karane chapAyA pAMca varSA rA thor3A samaya meM. iNare sivAya aura bhI ghaNA graMtha baNAyA. aiDA Apa udyogI puruSa hA. AparA bhakta lAlAjI sukhadevasahAya jvAlAprasAdajI sarIkhA dAnezvarI ne Apa sarIkhA jJAna rA udyogI sAyata hI savAja meM phira paidA hovelA. Apa sarala kavi hA. aneka caritra banAyA hA. jiNa para bhI Apa meM mAna rI mAtrA nahIM hI. vinaya ro guNa to ito uco ho ke prabhAta rA begA uTha ne choTA saM choTA santAM ne piNa Apa vaMdana kara letA. dhanya hai aiDA mahA puruSAM ne. ittA puruSAM saM hI jainadharma dIpe hai. tapasvIjI devajI RSijI mahArAja jyotivida zrIdaulatarAmajI ma0,kavi zrIamI RSijI ma0 piNa kriyApAtra tathA nirbhIka AcArI hA. (24) pUjya zrI bhagavAnadAsa jI ma0-khaMbhAta sampradAya meM ghaNA prabhAvazAlI huvA. hajArAM bhAvasAra jAtirA logAM ne dayA-dharmarA anuyAyI tathA majabUta baNAyA. pUjya zrI chaganalAlajI ma. piNa ugra vihArI hA tathA saMpradAya rI vyavasthA AchI rAkhI hI. (25) pUjya zrImUlacandajI ma.-zrI dharmadAsajI ma0 rA celA hA, Apa kAThiyAvADa meM dharma ro pracAra kiyo. ghaNA pariSaha khamiyA. ghaNI carcA vArtA kara vAdiyoM ne pemAla kiyA. pUjya zrIajarAmarajI mahArAja libaMDI sampradAya rA pravartaka hA. Aparo AtApanAkarma ghaNo badhiyo. svAmIjI zrIlAghAjI ma0, zrIkhoDIdAsajI ma0, zrI aMbAdAsa jI ma0, yaha tInoM hI gujarAtI bhASA rA UMcA lekhaka tathA kavi hA. A0 mUlacanda jI ma. rA anuyAyI voTAda no siMghAr3o, goMDala ro siMghAr3o, choTA svAmI jI ro siMghAr3o, varavAlAro siMghADo ATha koTI choTI pakSa bar3I pakSa Adi sArA hai-iNAM meM upAdhyAya devacandrajI ma0, zrI jJAnacandajI ma0, nAgacandrajI ma0 ghaNA prasiddha puruSa huvA hai. SanRLIERALL KAN Wwwwwwww 10101010101010 /01010101olony ololololololol AMRITITIII JainEducatromimm Poojainclibrary.org
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________________ Jain 000.00 zrI mizrImalajI marudharakesarI : samAjarA sAcA sapUta 201 zatAvadhAnI zrI ratnacandajI ma0 rI vidvattA tathA kRti to samAja re vAste gaurava rI cIja hai. Aparo sAhitya jaina ajaina donoM vidvAnoM ne hiyA ro hAra ho rayo hai. jyAdA kAMi kevAM anamola ratna hA, sarasvatI rA avatAra tathA bhAratabhUSaNa rI padavI milI hI. (26) dariyApurI sampradAyarA anuvAyI pUjya thI uttamacandajI ma0 IzvaralAla jI mahArAja, tapasvI caturalAla jI ma0 piNa AparI joDa rA anokhA puruSa hA. paMDita harSacanda jI ma0 piNa kavi sundara hA. aura bhI mahApuruSa dharma dipAvaNa meM kasara nahIM rAkhI - Apa tiriyA ne orAM ne tAriyA. (27) pUjya zrI amarasiMha jI ma0 (paMjAbI) - ghaNA mhoTA pracAraka hA. aneka pariSA sahana kiyA. sArI paMjAba meM DaMko bajAyo AparA sighAr3A meM zrI gaiMDArAya jI mahArAja, zAligarAmajI ma0 mayAcandajI ma0, pUjya zrI motIrAma jI mahArAja, pUjya zrI jyotirvida sohanalAlajI mahArAja, pUjya zrI kAzIrAma jo ma0, bAdimAnamardana gaNI zrI udayacandajI mahArAja Adi jaina zAsana rA staMbha hA paramparA dharma rI nibhAvaNa meM ghaNA kaTTara hA camatkArI puruSa hA. pUjya zrI AtmArAma jI ma0 to samAja meM camakatA kohanUra hIrA hA. Apa nyAya-vyAkaraNa rA praur3ha vidvAn hA. lekhaka to zrIzatAvadhAnI jI ma0 sA0 re joDarA hA. aneka graMthoM sUtrAM rA prasiddha lekhaka anuvAdaka hA 22 saMpradAya rA santa aiDA uttama puruSAM ne AparA AcArya vaNAyA AparI sAdagI namratA sahanazIlatA aura sUtrAM rI svAdhyAya tathA maukhika yAdadAsatI ghaNI UMcI hI eka bAra darzana karane mAtra sUM darzaka tAjindagI bhUle jisI vastu nahIM hI. AparA siMghADA meM satIjI zrI pArvatIjI siMhaNI samAna niDara carcAvAdI hI. AcAra piNa UMco ho. zrI rAjImatI jI, zrI candAjI Adi satiyA~ piNa saMtoM rA prabhAvasUM adhikI hI piNa kiNI taraha kama nahIM. (28) AcArya zrI zrIlAlajI mahArAja -- ToMka rA nivAsI, jAtarA baMba hA vairAgI bejor3a rA. kriyApAtra hA, sahanazIlatA, sAdagI, namratA AparI AchI ghaNI ho, AparI vairAgarI chApa suNane vAlA Upara ghaNI par3atI. aiDo varSa nahIM nikaliyoM ke 10-15 dizA Apa nahIM dIvelA sAdhumArgI saMgha meM Apa dIvatA puruSa havA. AcArya zrI javAharalAla jI ma0 tAttvikavyAkhyAnI, tarkabhUSaNa, nirbhIka vaktA hA. sAhitya rA pUrA rasika hA. carcAvAdI ghaNA prazaMsanIya hA. anuzAsaNa karaDo ghaNo ho. utpAtiyA buddhi AparI air3I hI ke koi bhI vikaTa sUM vikaTa prazna se jabAba de detA jo aiDo sAMgopAMga hovato ke sunane vAlA cakita re jAvatA ziSyAM ne jJAna paDhAvaNa ro piNa Apane zokha ghaNo ho a Aja AparA ziSya TIkAkAra zrI ghAsIlAlajI mahArAja sarIkhA AgamarI sevA karane amara nAma kara rayA hai aura kRtikAra bhI mAmulI nahIM hai. pUjya zrI hukmIcanda jI mahArAja rI sampradAya meM pUjya zrI udayasAgara jI ma0 piNa ghaNA gaMbhIra ne prabhAvazAlI puruSa huvA hA. AcArya zrI gaNezIlAla jI ma0 ghaNA sarala bhadrIka aura puNyazAlI hA. prabhAva Aparo bhaktAM upara ghaNo ho. AcAra rI pUrI pUrI himAyatI rAkhaNa vAlA puruSa hA. Apa zramaNa saMgharA upAcArya pada mAthe bhI rahyA hA. (21) pUjya zrI munnAlAlajI ma0- -Apa bhadrIka AtmA, sUtrAM rA jJAtA hA. saumyamUrti, zraddhA rA nirUpaNa karane vAlA hA. AparA siMghAr3A meM tapasvI zrIbAlacandajI ma0 dayArA rUkhar3AM hA. hajArAM jIvAM ne abhayadAna dirAyo. bar3A camatkArI hA. svAmI zrInaMdalAlajI mahArAja, zrIdevilAlajI ma0, zrIhIrAlAlajI mahArAja kavi tathA lekhaka tathA samayajJa puruSa hA. zrIjainadivAkara cauthamalajI ma0 to jagatavallabha hA. vANI AparI ghaNI rasIlI hI. ghaNo parivAra baDhAyo, ghaNA rAjA-mahArAjA seTha sAukArAM ne tathA anyamatAvalaMbIyAM ne Apa rI jAdusarikI vANI suNAya - suNAya ne sulabha banAyA. Apa jainadharma rA jhaMDA hA. kavitA karane meM to bar3A kuzala hA saMgIta meM kavitA binA pAra rI kivI, vacana ghaNA lAgaNA hA. Apa koTA meM svarga padhAriyA. (30) svAmIjI zrIpIracandajI ma0- - Apa pUjya zrIraghunAthajI ma0 sA0 re siMghAr3e meM ghora tapasvI hA. sAtha meM santa 31 ThANe hA. jojAvara sUM ghANerAva padhAratAM tAvaDo ghaNo car3hagayo ne santa pUrA-pUrA thAka gayA ne pyAsa ghaNI jora sUM lAgI. jare pUjya mahArAja phuramAyo ke--pIradAnajI, the Age gAMva meM jAvo ne dhovaNa pANI chAcha mile sohI lene Avo. tapasvI coo.... CO 3030030030030 30 30 30 30 30 300 30 30 30 30 000nelibrary.org
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________________ NEMANNERSONNNNNNNNNN 202 : muni zrIhajAramala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya . jI ma0 padhAriyA ane dharma rA dveSI gAMva meM baDatAM hI eka ThAkara ne sikhA diyo. vo rAjapUta ADo phirayo ne arja karI ke mhAre rAvale padhAro-chAcha ghATa mila jAvelA. tapasvIjI rAvale padhAriyA. chAcha suM pAtaro bhara diyo ne phera ghATa ro kene akhaja verAviyo. vehara ne bAhare AvatAM hI mahAjanA kaha yo ke sAdhAM, mAMsa vehara ne lAyA ho ? tapasvIjI kahyo ke sAdhu-santa kade hI A cIja nahIM leve. mahAjanAM kaha yo nahIM lAyA to pAtaro dikhAvo. tapasvIjI sociyodago hoya gayo dikhe hai. santa kaha yo-thAne nahIM dikhAvAM. jare jhamelo ghaNo huo. khuda ghANerAva ThAkura sA0 piNa mAMjanAM ro pakSa kara ne AyA ne kahyo ke sAdhAM, mAMsa vaharatAM zarma nahIM AyI to batAvatAM kyoM zarma Ave ? mAjanA su jholI kholane dikhA do. tapasvIjI phuramAyo ke ThAkarAM, Apare to sArA sarikhA hai. kyoM khAlI pakhapAta karo ho. jholI the jida karo to dikhAya desU piNa the kaI jikA nahIM lAdI to ? ThAkura kyo ke nahIM lAdhI to thAne zAbAzI devAM lA ne Aja pache koI sAdhAMne nahIM satAMvAM lA. bar3A camatkArI puruSa jholI kholane caur3e meM batAI. dekhe to asala kamodanI cAvala. sArA DariyA ne mahAtmA ne karAmAtI samajane pagAM paDiyA ne silA lekha likha diyo ke jainarA mahabaMdhAne Aja pache cheDAM to tIna sau talAka hai ne gAyAMrI hatyA lAge. eDo prabaMdha karAya diyo. bAda meM loga sAmA jAyane pUjya mahArAja ne lAyA. ekAMta jAya vA cIja paraTha ne pUjya mahArAja kane AyA ne prAyazcitta mAMgiyo. pUjya mahArAja pharamAyo ke tapasIjI, thAre ajANa meM yo karama hupro jiNa ro 'micchA mi dukkaDaM' devo aura prAyazcita nahIM. tumA to dharma rI bAta uMcI lAyA ho so dhanyavAda hai. isA uttama puruSa hA. zrIpomAjI svAmIjI, tapasvI zrIpRthvIrAjajI svAmI, zrIjetasIjI, svAmIjI zrIphojamalajI, zrImANakacandajI ma0, zrIdharmacandajI ma0, zrIsaMtoSacandajI ma0, prabhAvazAlI kavi aura kriyApAtra huA. tapasvI zrImAnamalajI ma. piNa mAravAr3a meM bar3A avadhUta karAmAtI hA. Apa ghaNA nisprehI hA. AparA ghaNe ThikANe paracA paDiyA. cAra-cAra mahinA aura cha:-chaH mahInA rI tapasyA abhigraha sahita karatA hA. Apa aksara masANAM meM hI caumAso karatA hA. tapasvIjI zrIhajArImalajI ma0 bhI kAkar3AbhUta hA. polI meM ghaNA camatkAra logAM re dekhaNa meM AyA. isA sthAnakavAsI samAja rA agradUta ghaNA huA. keI paracA paDiyA. lekha moTo ho jAya iNAMmu thoDI bAtAM batAI hai. iNaro itihAsa to svatantra nikalelA. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ zrIpAlamazAha khAna, ema0 e0, risarca skAlara, hindI vibhAga, mahArANA bhUpAla kAleja, udayapura. loMkAgaccha kI sAhitya-sevA bhAratIya sAhitya paramparA ke nirmANa meM jainoM kA yoga-dAna nirantara evaM akSuNNa rahA hai. saMskRta se lekara prAkRta, apabhraza tathA anyAnya dezya-bhASAoM taka jainoM kI sajana-salilA kA pravAha kabhI nahIM sUkhA. vaha abAdha gati se pravahamAna rahA. jaina-sAhitya jitanA pracura hai utanA hI prAcIna bhI, jitanA parimArjita hai utanA hI viSaya-vaividhyapUrNa bhI aura jitanA praur3ha hai utanA hI vividha-zailI-sampanna bhI. yadi eka ikAI ke rUpa meM kabhI samasta bhAratIya sAhitya kA itihAsa likhA jAyegA to isakA AdhAra yahI jaina-sAhitya banegA, isameM saMzaya nahIM. AcArya zukla jaise pUrvAgrahI Alocaka bhale hI isa sAhitya ko 'dhArmika noTisa mAtra' kaha kara upekSita kara deM kintu adyAvadhi zodhita tathyoM ke Aloka meM hameM yaha svIkAra karanA hI par3egA ki bhAratIya citanA kI mUlyavAna dhArA apane samasta jJAna-vaibhava ke sAtha jaina sAhitya meM utarI hai. kahane kI zAyada hI AvazyakatA raha jAtI hai ki jitanA gaurava zuddha sAhitya kA hai utanA hI sampradAyamUlaka sAhitya-rAzi kA. jaina-sAdhaka sadaiva deza-kAla evaM tajjanya paristhitiyoM ke prati jAgarUka rahe haiM. unakI aitihAsika buddhi kabhI suSupta nahIM rahI. ve AdhyAtmika paramparA ke anugAmI evaM AtmalakSyI saMskRti meM vizvasta rahane ke bAvajUda bhI laukika cetanA se virakta nahIM the. kyoMki unakA adhyAtmavAda vaiyaktika hokara bhI jana-kalyANa kI bhAvanA se anuprANita thA. yahI kAraNa hai ki sampradAyamUlaka sAhitya kA sRjana karate hue bhI ve apanI racanAoM meM deza-kAla se sambandhita aitihAsika evaM sAMskRtika TippaNa de gaye haiM jinakA yadi vaijJAnika paddhati se adhyayana kiyA jAya to bhAratIya itihAsa ke kaI timirAcchanna pakSa Alokita ho uThe. AcArya naracandra sUrikRta 'hammIra-mada-mardana mahAkAvya' aura bhAvakalaza racita hammIrAyaNa athavA hamIra deva prabhRti jaina-racanAeM Aja bhI rAjapUta itihAsa ke kaI niSkarSoM ko cunautI de rahI haiM. vividha tIrtha-kalpa, prabhAvaka-caritra, prabandhakoSa, vijJapti-patra, prAcIna tIrthamAlAeM, jaina gacchoM aura paramparAoM kI paTTAvaliyAM, zilA-lekha Adi aisI upalabdhiyAM haiM jinase tatkAlIna bhaugolika, sAMskRtika evaM rAjanaitika dhArAoM kA prAmANika vivecana prApta hotA hai maulika sAhitya-sRSTi ke sAtha-sAtha jana-sAdhakoM ne vibhinna mUlyavAna kRtiyoM para nitAMta hI sAragarbhita aura pANDityapUrNa TIkAeM racakara sAhitya-paramparA kI avismaraNIya sevA hI nahIM apitu saMrakSA bhI kI hai. jaina muniyoM kI racanAoM ko piSTapeSaNa se pUrNa mAnA gayA hai. isameM koI saMdeha nahIM ki aupadezika vRtti ke kAraNa jaina racanAoM meM viSayAntara se paramparAgata bAtoM kA varNana-vivaraNa rahatA hai. para sampUrNa jaina-sAhitya piSTa-peSaNa mAtra nahIM hai aura jo hai vaha bhI na kevala loka-pakSa balki bhASA-vikAsa kI dRSTi se bhI bar3A mahattvapUrNa hai. jainoM ne bhAratIya citanA kI Adarza saMsthApaka naitika evaM dhArmika mAnyatAoM ko jana-bhASA-samanvita zailI meM DhAla kara rASTra ke AdhyAtmika stara ko bar3A bala diyA hai aura hamArI dharma-mUlaka thAtI kI rakSA kI hai. unhoMne isa prakAra sAhitya paramparA ko saMskRta ke kUpa-jala se nikAla kara bhASA ke bahate nIra meM avagAhana karAyA hai--use abhivyakti ke naye patha para agrasara kiyA hai. vibhinna jana-gacchoM ne sAhitya kI jo sevA kI hai usakA pUrA-pUrA lekhA-jokhA lene kA na yahA~ avasara hI hai aura na byww.airtelibrary.org
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________________ MAR0922291982888882*2 204 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya avakAza hI. yahA~ kevala loMkAgaccha dvArA kI gaI sAhitya-sevA ke viSaya meM katipaya sUcanAtmaka saMketa varNAnukrama se prastuta kiye jA rahe haiM. amolaka RSi--isa nAma ke do vyakti hue haiM. prathama to 'bhImasena caupaI' ke racayitA, jinakA vizeSa paricaya nahIM mila sakA, aura dvitIya battIsa sUtroM ke uddhAraka RSi sampradAya ke AcArya. inhIM kI sAhitya-sAdhanA evaM dIrghadarzitA kA pariNAma hai ki una dinoM Agama sAnuvAda sarvasulabha ho sake. yadyapi tatpazcAt isa dizA meM sarvazrI muni AtmArAmajI evaM muni ghAsIlAlajI ke prayAsa abhinandanIya haiM tathApi etadviSayaka prAthamika prayAsa kA zreya dvitIya amolaka RSi jI ko hI hai. ANaMda-inakA saM0 1692 ke bAda racita 'zivajI kA silokA' prApta hai, jo eka aitihAsika 14 padyAtmaka kRti hai. isameM AcArya zivajI kA varNana hai jo gujarAtI loMkAgacchIya dvitIya pakSa arthAt kuMvarajI pakSa ke pATAnukrama se 13 veM AcArya the tathA jinakA janma, saM0 1654 mAgha sudi dUja ko jAmanagara nivAsI zrImAlI saMghabI amarasI kI dharmapatnI tejabAI kI ratnakukSi se huA thA. saMvat 1670 meM dIkSA aura saMvat 1688 jeTha sudi 5, somavAra ko pATaNa meM pada-sthApana, saM0 1733 migasara dUja ravivAra ko svargavAsa. inhIM AcArya zrI kA eka rAsa nAkara RSi ke praziSya aura devajI RSi ke ziSya dharmasiMha ne saM0 1692 meM udayapura meM racA. AcArya zrI ke samaya-saM0 1685--meM hI unake ziSya dharmasiMha ne navIna pakSa kI sthApanA kI. inhIM kI paramparA meM eka aura pANaMda hue haiM. jinakA paricaya Age diyA jA rahA hai. ANaMda-kuMvarajI pakSa ke trilokasiMhajI ke ziSya ANaMda (Ananda) muni ne, saM0 1731 zrAvaNa, lAlapura (dehalI) meM evaM, saM0 1738 kArtika sudi pUrNimA, rAdhanapura meM kramaza: 'gaNitasAra' aura harivaMzacaritra' kI racanA kI. donoM racanAoM kI aMtima prazastiyAM aitihAsika tathyoM se paripUrNa haiM. 'gaNitasAra' meM dillI kA varNana karate hue chatrapati auraMgajeba, siddI polAdakhAM, kAjI zekha sulemAna ke nyAya kI kavi ne bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA kI hai. sAtha hI usane rAmacandra (nAgaurIgacchIya), mAnasiMha, harikRSNa, bhAgIratha aura rUpacandra kA ullekha bhI kiyA hai jinakI abhyarthanA se gaNi trilokasiMha jI, jo AcArya zivajI ke paTTadhara the, ne lAlapura meM cAtumasi vyatIta kiyA thA. 'harivaMzacaritra' meM kuMvara jI, zrImalajI, kezavajI, ratnAgarajI, zivajI, trilokasiMha Adi puNyAtmAoM kA smaraNa kiyA gayA hai. rAdhanapura ke zramaNopAsaka bhaMDasAlI sUrajI ke putra bhImajI ke Agraha se uttarAdhyayana sUtra saTIka, jJAtA, samavAyAMga aura antagar3a Adi zAstroM ke sAra svarUpa prastuta kRti kA sRjana kiyA gayA thA. zrAnanda jeThamala-yaha jayapura nivAsI ozavAla jaina gRhastha the. inhoMne 'jambUsvAmI guNaratnamAla' (saM0 1902) paitIsa DhAloM meM likhakara maharSi ke prati Adara-bhAva vyakta kiyA hai. prAsakaraNa-yaha rAyacandra RSi ke ziSya the. inakA astitva samaya 16 vIM zatI hai. 'nemirAja DhAla' aura 'cUMdaDI DhAla' Adi inakI racanAeM haiM. ummedacanda-sthAnakavAsI sampradAya ke gujarAtI sAhitya-sevI muniyoM meM inakA sthAna mahattvapUrNa hai. inhoMne pracura parimANa meM mahAmuniyoM ke Adarza caritra likhakara jana-mAnasa ko naitikatA kA pATha par3hAyA. inakI kavitvazakti sahaja thI, jo unakI bRhattara kAvya-racanAoM aura nAnA aupadezika sphuTa-padyoM se spaSTa hai. rUpANI bhImajI kAlidAsa ne ummedacandajI kRta kAvya-saMgraha kaI bhAgoM meM prakAzita kiye haiM. kavi kA sAhitya-sAdhanA-kAla bIsavIM zatI kA prathama caraNa hai. yaha unakI kRtiyoM ko aMtima prazastiyoM se siddha hotA hai. inakI kRtiyA~ isa prakAra haiM1. ArdrakumAra kA rAsa (saM0 1922 vijayAdazamI somavAra, bhAvanagara) Sama ITIHAASHITADHAARTIMUNILITILAMHHATRAMITHAAHE... MAINTIMAHARAgnantar.IMALAINMault
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________________ AlamazAha khAna : loMkAgaccha kI sAhitya-sevA : 205 KNERRENTXXXXXXXXXREAK 2. gajasukumAra kI DhAla (saM0 1922 Azvina zuklA 12, maMgalavAra, bhAvanagara) 3. arjuna mAlI kI DhAla (saM0 1922 Asauja sudi 14 zukravAra, bhAvanagara) 4. ayamaMtA muni kI DhAleM (saM0 1922 Asauja vadi 8, zanivAra bhAvanagara) 5. amarakumAra kI DhAleM (saM0 1925 migasara vadi amAvasyA, ravivAra, borasada) 6. harikezi muni kA rAsa (saM0 1925 phAguna, gaNapura-gaDhA) 7. metArya muni kA cauDhAliyA (saM0 1925 vaizAkha sudi 6 somavAra khaMbhAta) 8. nISaDha kumAra kI DhAla (saM0 1925 bhAdoM, khaMbhAta) 6. sukozala kI DhAla (saM0 1630) 10. nemarAjula kA SaT khyAla 11. RSabhadeva kA kissA (saM0 1928 kArtika badi 11) kanIrAma--inakA 'tilokasundarI caupAI' kA nAmollekha sva0 mohanalAla dalIcanda desAI ne apane graMtha 'jaina gurjara kavio' bhAga 3 pR0 222 para kiyA hai. isakI eka prati muni zrI kAntisAgarajI ke saMgrahAlaya meM surakSita hai, jisakI prazasti kA aitihAsika bhAga nIce diyA jA rahA hai igyAre vasu samata kahAyo induhara sabarasa pAyo re lo, dhana terase bhomavAra suhAyo vijaya mahUrta mana bhAyo re lo| zAsana maMDaNa ghana jyU gAje pUja gumAna gurU rAje re lo, tAsa divAjai bisuNaja lAjai sAMsA suhanA bhAMje re lo| tasa laghu bAMdhava pATa suhAyA duragadAsa munirAyo re lo, cyArU sidha nija draSTa calAyA zrAditya teja savAyo re lo| ratanesara tasa pATa vairAgI pudgala rasanA tyAgI re lo, vAMNa abhI jyAMrau suNAvaNa bhAgI bahu thayA dharama lAgI re lo| tasa sukhadAtA jiNa guNagAtA dalIcanda gurabhrAtA re lo, sakala siMdha jyAMro jagata vikhyAta neha parasapara jJAtA re lo| RSa kanirAma jaza siNagAyo pIpAr3apura mana lAyo re lo, DhAla bAIsa kara gAya suNAyo zrAvaka-jana-mana bhAyA re lo| varaNava nai vaktA jo bhaNasI zrotA hita dhara suNasi re lo, sIla navala rasa jAMNI gaNasI siva suphala laNasI re lo| kAnhajI-yaha loMkA gaccha ke suprasiddha 16 veM prAcArya tejasiMha ke ziSya the. saM0 1743 meM inheM gaNipada prApta huaA. inakA mUla nivAsa-sthAna nADolAi thA. tejasiMha kI apUrNa 'guruguNa-mAlAbhAsa' kI pUrti inhIM dvArA huI. yadyapi inakI koI bar3I kRti Aja taka dekhane meM nahIM AI para aneka sphuTa padya upalabdha haiM. inhIM ke samaya meM gaMga muni tathA inakI paramparA ke anya muniyoM ne bhI sAhityika racanAeM kI haiM, jinakA ullekha yathAsthAna kiyA jaayegaa| kAnhajI kI racanAeM isa prakAra haiM1. arjunamAlI svAdhyAya (racanAkAla saM0 1748 rANapura) 2. gajasukumAra svAdhyAya (racanAkAla saM0 1753) 3. zAntinAthastavana (racanAkAla saM0 1756 sUrata) 4. sudarzana seTha svAdhyAya (racanAkAla saM0 1756 sUrata) 5. samAyaka doSa svAdhyAya (racanAkAla saM 1758 sUrata) Jain Education Intemato For Private & Personal Use C
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________________ Jian Cha Qi Cha Qi Cha Cha Qi Cha Qiu Cha Cha Jia Zhuang Ci Qi Jian Luo Luo 206 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya 6. neminAtha stavana (racanAkAla saM0 1770 kAlAvar3a) 7. meghamuni svAdhyAya (racanAkAla saM0 1770 kAlAvar3a) 8. sthUlabhadra svAdhyAya kizanadAsa sthAnakavAsI jaina saMpradAya meM 'bAvanI' saMjJaka racanA likhane vAle yaha tIsare kavi haiM. inakI 'kizanabAvanI' hindI kI sundara, bhAvapUrNa aura vicArottejakra racanA svIkAra kI jA sakatI hai. isakA nirmANa saMgharAjajI ke samaya meM saM0 1758 vijayA dazamI ko sAdhvI ratanabAI ke dehAvasAna para AgarA meM huA. kuvarajI--yaha loMkAgacchIya paramparA ke 8 veM AcArya jIvarAjajI ke ziSya the. ahamadAbAda ke zrImAlI vaNik lahuvojI kI dharmapatnI rUDI bAI kI ratnakukSi se inakA janma huA. sAta dhyaktiyoM ke sAtha saM0 1602 jeTha sudi paMcamI ko dIkSA aMgIkAra kI, saM0 1612 meM gurupaTTasthAna huA aura saM0 1628 dIpAvalI ko svargagamana huA. kuMvarajI ne apane guru se pRthak ho eka svatantra pakSa sthApita kiyA thA. kuMvarajI ne Atmazuddhi evaM jIvanotkarSa ke lie saM0 1624 zrAvaNa sudi 13, guruvAra ko 'sAdhuvandanA' kA praNayana kiyA. saM0 1627 evaM saM0 1661 kI isakI pratilipita pratiyAM inhIM kI paramparA ke muniyoM kI upalabdha haiM. kuzala-lokAgacchIya rAmasiMhajI ke ziSya kavi kuzala ne saM0 1686 sojata meM dazArNabhadra 'caur3hAliyA' saM0 1786 caitra sudi dUja ko mer3atA meM sanatkumAra cauDhAliyA 'ladhu sAdhuvandanA' evaM 'sItA AloyaNA' kA praNayana kiyA. kezavajI yaha ku~varajI pakSa ke tIsare aura pATAnukrama se 12 veM AcArya, guNAdA ke vijA kI patnI jayavantI ke putra the. janma saM0 phAguna vadi 5, AcArya pada saM0 1686 jeTha sudi 13, guruvAra aura tadanantara svalpa samaya meM dehAvasAna. kezavajI ne ku~vara ke paTTaghara zrImallajI ke samaya meM lokAzAha kA silokA kI racanA kI. 24 padya kI isa aitihAsika kRti meM loMkAzAha aura unakI paramparA ke katipaya muniyoM kA saMketAtmaka paricaya hai. khImamuni- 'paMcamahAvrata' 'paMcaDhAliyA sajjhAya' ke praNetA, khImamuni upAdhyAya kAna muni ke ziSya the. khImamuni ne apane racanA-kAla kA kahIM spaSTa ullekha nahIM kiyA hai para 'jaina gurjara kaviyo' bhAga 3 pR0 153 para eka ajJAtakatRka racanA 'khima RSi pAraNA' kA ullekha hai, jisakA lekhana-kAla saM0 1782 hai, yadi yaha pAraNA paMcamahAvrata ke kartA khIma muni se saMbaddha mAna liyA jAya to inheM saM0 1782 ke pUrva kA kavi mAna lene meM koI anaucitya nahIM hai. khuzAlacanda--'samyakakaumudI caupAI' athavA 'arahaddAsA caritra' ke praNetA khuzAlacanda rAyacandra ke ziSya aura puNyAtmA jeThamalajI ke praziSya the. samyaktva jaina-darzana kI AtmA hai, binA ise prApta kiye jIvana zUnyavat hai ! isI viSaya ko lekara samyaka kaumudI caupAI kI racanA huI hai, jisameM samakita kI vizada vivecanA dvArA jana-mAnasa ko dharmabhAvanAoM kI ora AkRSTa kiyA gayA hai. isa caupAI kI racanA nAgaura meM saM0 1876 vaizAkha sudi 3 ko huI. khetasI-loMkAgacchIya 13 veM paTTadhara dAmodarajI ke ziSya kavi khetA ne vi0 saM0 1732 meM vairATa (mevAr3a) meM 'dhannA maharSi ke rAsa' kA praNayana kiyA aura saM0 1745 meM anAthI RSi kI DhAleM banAIM. khor3IdAsa-khoDAjI svAmI-yaha sthAnakavAsI goMDala saMpradAya ke sAdhu the. inakA janma rAjakoTa meM vIrajI kI patnI DAhI se saM0 1812 kAtika sudi 11 ko huA thA. saM0 1608 ASAr3ha sudi 11 ko dIkSA aMgIkAra kI aura saM0 1927 bhAdoM sudi 11 zanivAra ko goMDala meM svargavAsa huA. khor3IdAsajI apane kSetra ke mAne hue saMta aura kavi the. tatrasthita jainetara samAja para inakA prabhAva thA. inakI racanAoM meM jainadharma ke maulika siddhAntoM ko bodhagamya bhASA meM upasthita karane kA prayAsa parilakSita hotA hai. inakA kAvyasaMgraha do bhAgoM meM goMDala se prakAzita ho cukA hai. khor3IdAsajI kI racanAeM isa prakAra haiM1. niraMjana paccIsI (saM0 1616 Asauja sudi 13 jaitapura) 2. taskara paccIsI (saM0 1916 Asauja)
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________________ zrIbAlamazAha khAna : loMkAgaccha kI sAhitya-sevA : 207 N939:38238888888%20REENKER 3. jobana paccIsI (saM0 1616 posa sudi pUrNimA goMDala) 4. bhImajI svAmI jI kA cor3hAliyA (saM0 1616 posa sudi 1 goMDala) 5. bohattarI (saM0 1618 jJAna paMcamI) 3. tIrthaMkara cauDhAliyA (saM0 1618) 7. aMjanA satI kA rAsa (saM0 1616 vaizAkha sudi 3 goMDala) 8. brahmadatta cakravartI kA rAsa (saM0 1627) 6. cauvIsI 10. jugata (Ta?) paccIsI 11. satyabAIsI gaMga-gAMgajI-yaha loMkAgacchIya 17 meM paTTadhara kAnajI kI ziSya-paramparA meM lakSmIdharajI ke ziSya ye. unakI racanAe~ ye haiM1. ratnasAra tejasAra rAsa (saM0 1761 jeTha sudi 6 guruvAra, hAlAra (saurASTra) 2. jambU svAmI svAdhyAya (saM0 1765 zrAvaNa sudi 2 rANapura) 3. gautama svAmI svAdhyAya (saM0 1765 prathama bhAdravadi 5, budhavAra, mAMgaraula) 4. sImaMdharavinati (saM0 1771 bhAdoM sudi 13 kuntalapura) gulAla--yaha gujarAtI gaccha ke nagarAja ke praziSya kezara ke ziSya the. inhoMne novA meM saM0 1821 meM zrAvaNa sudi 8 ravivAra ko tejasAra kumAra caupAI kI racanA kI. godhA-govardhana-inakI 68 padyoM kI 'ratana-sI RSi kI manabhAsa upalabdha hai. yaha kRti aitihAsika dRSTi se upAdeya hai. cauthamala-inhoMne upadezamAlA ke AdhAra dara 'RSidattA caupAI' (saM0 1864 kAtika sudi 13 devagar3ha-mevAr3a) kI racanA kI. isameM Adarza nArI kA citraNa huA hai. isa racanA kI pratilipi inake ziSya sUrajamala ne pAlI nagara meM kI. jagajIvana--yaha tharAda ke osavAla caupar3A gotrIya pitA joitA kI patnI ratnA ke putra the. inake nimnAMkita sphuTa stavana upalabdha haiM1. saMbhavajina stavana (saM0 1800) 2. mallIjina stanavana (saM0 1814) 3. RSabha jinastavana (saMha 1815) 4. nemi jina stavana (saM0 1825) jagana-jagannAtha-yaha loMkAgacchIya RSi zekhA ke ziSya the. inhoMne saM0 1761 meM 'sukomala muni caupAI' kI racanA kI jisakI kavi ke hAtha kI likhI prati rAjasthAna prAcyavidyApratiSThAna meM surakSita hai. isameM sukozala muni ke mAdhyama se ahiMsAmAhAtmya prakaTa kiyA gayA hai. jayamala-ye loMkA-gacchIya muni the aura rAjasthAna meM vicaraNa kiyA karate the. 'sAdhuvandanA' (saM0 1887 jAlaura) inakI sarvAdhika prasiddha racanA hai. isake atirikta 'paradesI rAjA kA rAsa' 'arjunamAlI kA chaH DhAlA' (saM0 1820 kArtika sudi pUrNimA) 'avanti sukumAra cauDhAliyA' (saM0 1825 asauja sudi 7 nAgaura) 'dIpAvalI svAdhyAya' 'khaMdaka cauDhAliyA', (saM0 1811 caitra 7 lADUyA) 'candragupta solaha svapna 'svAdhyAya' 'nemi caritra caupAI'-saM0 1804 bhAdoM sudi 5), 'kamalAvatI svAdhyAya' 'sthUlabhadra svAdhyAya' Adi anya racanAyeM haiM. muni jayamalajI apane samaya meM eka Adarza muni ke rUpa meM mAnya rahe. inakI yazogAthA ko kisI ajJAta kavi ne svara JainEdCCI OSlibrary.org
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________________ NEXTREETERRRRRENERNA 208 : muni zrohajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya diyA hai, jisakA ullekha jainagurjara kavino bhAga 3 pR0 1536 para kiyA gayA hai. bhAva yaha hai. ki lAMbiyA meM muhatA mohanadAsa kI dharma-patnI mahamAde kI ratnakukSi se inakA janma huA. vyApArika prasaMga ko lekara mer3atA padhAre aura bhUdharajI muni kI AdhyAtmika vANI kA zravaNa kara saM0 1788 miga0 vadi dUja arthAta 22 veM varSa meM saMyama grahaNa kara liyA. isase siddha hai ki inakA janma saM0 1766 hai. inhoMne jayapura, AgarA, dillI, bIkAnera,phatehapura, mAravAr3a, mevAr3a kisanagar3ha Adi nagaroM meM cAturmAsa kiye. tiloka RSi-loMkA-gacchIya viziSTa kaviyoM meM tiloka RSi aise kavi haiM jinakI pracura kRtiyAM pAI jAtI haiM. yaha lavajI RSi kI paramparA ke ayavantA RSi ke ziSya the. ratalAma nivAsI surANA gotrIya dulIcaMdajI kI dharmapatnI nAnUbAI kI ratnakukSi se inakA janma saM0 1604 caitra vadi 3 budhavAra ko huA thA. tilokacaMdajI ne saM0 1914 meM arthAt 10 varSa kI komala vaya meM ayavantA RSi se dIkSA grahaNa kI. sAdhanA ke kaThina mArga para calate hue bhI sarasvatI ke prati inakA AkarSaNa banA rahA, jisakI pariNati nimnAMkita kRtiyoM meM huI1. paMcavAdI kAvya (saM0 1630 vai0 va010 somavAra maMdasaura) 2. dharma jayakumAra caupAI (saM0 1630 ASAr3ha zu0 3 zukra maMdasaura) 3. tiloka bAvanI (saM0 1933 vai0 zu0 6 zani ratalAma) 4. zreNika rAsa (saM0 1636 ASAr3ha sudi 3 pUnA) 5. caMdra kevalI caritra 6. samarAditya kevalI caritra 7. sItA-caritra 8. dharmabuddhi pApabuddhi caritra 6. haMsa kezava caritra 10. arjuna mAlI caritra 11. dhannA zAlibhadra caritra 12. bhRgu purohita caritra 13. harivaMza kAvya 14. amarakumAra caritra 15. nandanamaNihAra caritra 16. mahAvIra svAmI caritra 17. pratikramaNa satyabodha 18. jJAna pradIpaka teja-tejamuni-yaha loMkAgacchIya bhImajI ke ziSya the. inakI racanAyeM haiM1. caMdarAja kA rAsA (saM0 1707 dIpAvalI, somavAra, rANapura) 2. jitAri rAsa (saM0 1734) tejapAla-yaha loMkAgacchIya indrajI ke ziSya the. inakI racanAyeM ye haiM1. ratna paMcavIsI ratnacUDa caupAI (saM0 1735 ravivAra, ahamadapura) 2. thAvaccAmuni svAdhyAya tejasiMha-yaha loMkAgacchIya mUla paramparA ke 16veM AcArya paMceriyA nivAsI chAjer3a gotrIya lakhamaNa kI dharma-patnI lakhamAde ke putra the. janma saMvat ajJAta hai. inakI dIkSA saM0 1706 ASAr3ha sudi 10 zukravAra ko huI. padasthApana vorA vIrajI dvArA sUrata meM saM0 1721 vaisAkha sudi 7 guruvAra ko huA. yaha kezavajI ke ziSya the. inake samaya meM Jain E cation Inte Tror Private&Personal u s sww.iainelibrary.org
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________________ AlamazAha khAna : loMkAgaccha kI sAhitya-sevA : 206 XSEENERNMEN4000NROERENCE saMpradAya saMgharSa kI sthiti meM thI tathApi ye sAhitya-racanA meM lage rahe. itihAsa ke prati inakA viziSTa anurAga thA. tejapAla inhIM ke ziSya the. inakI nimnAMkita racanAe~ prApta haiM1. neminAtha stavana (saM0 1711) 2. RSabhajina stavana (saM0 1727 caitra pUNimA jAlaura) 3. zAMtinAtha stavana (saM0 1733 burahAnapura) 4. vIra stavana (saM0 1733) 5. jina stavana (saM0 1764 ratalAma) 6. aMtarAkA stavana (saM0 1735 nAdesamA-mevAr3a) 7. zrIsImaMdhara stavana (saM0 1748) ajJAta racanAe~1. sattAIsa pITha svAdhyAya 2. harivaMzotpattirAsa 3. solaha svapna svAdhyAya 4. suvidhijina stavana 5. tamAkhU kI svAdhyAya zrItejasiMha saMskRta ke bhI acche jJAtA the. dRSTAMtazataka inakI sarvajJAta racanA hai. vikrama--yaha nAgaurI gacchIya AsakaraNa ke praziSya aura vaNavIra ke ziSya the. inakA 'rUpacanda RSi kA rAsa' (saM0 1666 bhAdoM badi 3 budhavAra, akabarapura) loMkAgacchIya itihAsa kI dRSTi se apanA svatantra sthAna rakhanA hai. jIvanacarita lekhana kI dRSTi se bhI yaha racanA mahattvapUrNa hai. inakI racanAyeM isa prakAra haiM1. amarasena rAsa (saM0 1668) 2. baMgacUla kA rAsa (saM0 1706 bhAdoM sudi 11 guruvAra kizanagar3ha) dIpa--yaha loMkAgaccha kI 13-14 vIM gaddI ke AcArya ke samaya svataMtra mata calAne vAle zrIdhanarAja kI paramparA meM the. inakI racanAyeM haiM1. sudarzana gheSThi rAsa 2. bIra svAmI kA rAsa 3. pAMcama caupAI 4. guNakaraNDa guNAvalI rAsa (saM0 1757) kulatha meM inhoMne eka dhamAra bhI likhI thI. dharmadAsa--yaha loMkAgacchIya jIvarAja ke ziSya the. inakI kRti 'jasavaMta muni kA rAsa' saM0 (1652 bhAdoM vadi 10, khaNDeharA) prApta hai. dharmasiMha- inhoMne saM0 1662 meM, udayapura meM cAturmAsa rahakara AcArya zivajI kA aitihAsika rAsa nirmita kiyA. saM0 1685 meM inhoMne loMkAgaccha se alaga eka svataMtra zAkhA sthApita kI jo 'dariyApArI (purI) zAkhA' ke nAma se vikhyAta hai. inakI paramparA meM kaI svatantra granthakAra muni hue haiM. nandalAla -yaha ratirAma ke ziSya the. inhoMne 'labdhiprakAza caupAI (saM0 1903 kapUrathalA) aura 'jJAnaprakAza' (saM0 1906) kI racanA kI. manakA ma PRIMARNAMATPATRAMMAR MAITIANETsamA mAopalwww Jain Edmone %ESS watespersonal use only
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________________ 210 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya 383ENEENDEME039300MMENRE narasiMha muni-yaha asaMdigdha satya hai ki saMzodhana ke kSetra meM kabhI-kabhI sAmAnya gIta kA bhI bahuta bar3A mahattva pramANita ho jAtA hai. yahAM jina narasiMha muni kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai ve na to svayaM bahuta bar3e granthakAra the aura na sAhityakAra hI. kiMtu inakI eka mAtra adyAvadhi ajJAta kRti upalabdha huI hai jisameM 19vIM zatI ke eka mahAna vyaktitva kI yazogAthA vaNita hai. hamArA tAtparya ror3ajI svAmI se hai. ye apane samaya ke viziSTa koTi ke saMyamazIla tapasvI sthAnakavAsI muni the. rAyapura, sanavAr3a, udayapura, nAthadvArA aura AmeTa meM rahakara inhoMne jo-jo upasarga sahana kiye aura sUcita sthAnoM meM inake saMbaMdha meM pracalita jana-pravAdoM para isa gIta meM prakAza DAlA gayA hai. isakI racanA saM0 1847 meM rAyapura (mevAr3a) meM kI gaI hai. bhale hI yaha gIta laghutama hai para mahAmuni kI yazaHkIrti ko jyotita karane meM anupama hai. nAnajI--yaha kuMvarajI pakSa ke tRtIya AcArya ratanasI ke ziSya the. inhoMne paMcAvaraNa stavana saM0 1676, dIpAvalI-jAmanagara) aura neminAtha stavana (saM0 1672 dIpAvalI-ahamadAbAda) kI racanA kI. nArAyaNa-yaha loMkAgacchIya adhama paTTadhara jIvarAjajI ke ziSya the, inhoMne kalpavallI meM cAturmAsa rahakara saM0 1684 Asauja vadi 7 guruvAra ko 'zreNikarAsa' kI racanA kI. paramA-yaha rAjasiMgha ke ziSya the. inhoMne 'prabhAvatI caupAI (saM0 1648 Azvina zuklA 10, zanivAra) kI racanA kI. prakAzasiMha-yaha sthAnakavAsI saMpradAya ke prathama kavi haiM jinhoMne svataMtra chappaya likhe. racanA-kAla saM0 1875 ASAr3ha sudi 8 (gauMDala) hai. yaha sthAnakavAsI sampradAya ke sadgRhastha the. pAso paTela--yaha banA ke praziSya aura jIvA ke ziSya the. inhoMne saM0 1818 cai0 amAvasyA ko lImar3I meM rahakara 'bharata cakravartI rAsa' likhA. prema-inhoMne saM0 1661 meM 'draupadI rAsa' aura saM0 1662 meM 'maMgala kalaza rAsa' kI racanA kI. prema--yaha nRsiMha ke ziSya the. inhoMne 'haricaMda caupAI' (saM0 1858 magasira vadi ha ravivAra-jodhapura) kI racanA kI. sva0 mohanalAla dalIcaMda desAI ne 'vaidhI caupAI' ko bhI inakI racanA mAna liyA hai jo spasRtaH bhUla hai. kyoMki vaidhI caupAI-jisakI 18vIM zatI kI pratilipi prApta hai-ke praNetA premarAja sUri the. jaba ki 'haricaMda caupAI' ke praNetA 16vIM zatI ke kavi the. bhANucanda-yaha loMkAgaccha ke prAcIna kaviyoM meM pramukha aitihAsika kavi haiM. inhoMne 'dayAdharma caupAI' (saM0 1578 mAgha sUdi 7) kI racanA kI jisameM apane sampradAya kA aitihAsika varNana evaM tAtkAlika sAmpradAyika mAnyatAoM kA ullekha hai. bhIma-yaha loMkAgacchIya bar3e vIrasiMha ke ziSya the. inhoMne tIna khaNDoM meM 'zreNika rAsa' likhA, jisakA kramazaH racanAkAla isa prakAra haiprathama khaNDa saM0 1621 bhAdoM sudi 2, bar3odA. dvitIya khaNDa saM0 1632 bhAdoM vadi 2, bar3odA. tRtIya khaNDa saM0 1636 Asoja vadi 7, ravivAra. inakI eka anya racanA 'nAgalakumAra--nagadatta kA rAsa' (saM0 1632 Asoja sudi 5, guruvAra bar3odA) prApta hai. bAlacandra-yaha kuMvarajI pakSa ke zrImala ke praziSya aura gaMgadAsa ke ziSya the. hindI bhASA para inake adbhuta prabhutva kA paricaya inakI 'bAlacandra battIsI' (saM0 1658 dIpAvalI, ahamadAbAda) se milatA hai. gRhasthocita kartavyoM kA samyak vivecana evaM naitika upadezoM se paripUrNa yaha eka AdarzavAdI racanA hai. smaraNIya hai ki eka aura bAla kavi saM0 1517 meM hue haiM jinakI 'bAla-bAvanI' prasiddha hai. kharataragaccha meM bhI isa nAma ke do kavi ho gaye haiM. mayAcanda-yaha lIlAdharajI ke ziSya aura kRSNadAsa jI ke praziSya the. inhoMne 'gajasiMha rAjA kA rAsa' (saM0 1815 caitra vadi 8, guruvAra jAmanagara) kI racanA kI. & Personal Use Only www.janelibrary.org
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________________ AlamazAha khAna : lokAgaccha kI sAhitya sevA : 211 kavi bhI hue haiM. jinameM eka to ratnasiMha ke ziSya mayAcanda siddhivallabha ke ziSya mayAcanda jo 'navaratna stavana' (saM0 smaraNIya hai ki isI samaya mayAcanda nAma ke do anya jinakI racanA 'buddhirAsa svAdhyAya' prApta hai aura dUsare 1852 jeSTha sudi 4, mulatAna ) ke praNetA the. ina mayAcanda kA matilAbha nAma bhI thA. mAnamuni - 'jJAnarasa' ke praNetA mAnamuni navala RSi ke ziSya the jo saM0 1739 meM vidyamAna the. mAla- -yaha khUbacanda santAnIya nAthAjI ke ziSya the, jaisA ki inakI racanAoM kI antya prazastiyoM se pramANita hai. prApta kRtiyoM ke AdhAra para inakA sAhityasAdhanA kAla saM0 1810 se saM01857 kA madhyakAla jAna par3atA hai. inakI racanAyeM isa prakAra haiM 1. ASAbhUti caudAniyA (saM0 2010 ASAr3ha mudi 2, bhuja ) 2. rAjImatI svAdhyAya (saM0 1822, mundrA ) 3. ilAcIkumAra chaH DhAlA (saM0 1855 jeTha, aMjAra ) 4. izukAra kamalAvatI chaH DhAlA (saM0 1855, jeTha vadi 3, aMjAra ) 5. SaTbAMdhavarAsa chaH DhAlA (saM0 1857 kArtika, mAMDavI) 'jaina- gurjara kavio' bhAga 3 pR0 228 para 'aMjanAsundarI caupAI' - jisakA pratilipikAla saM0 1806 hai - ko sva0 dezAI ne nAthAjI ziSya mAna kI racanA mAnA hai, jo spaSTataH bhUla hai. kAraNa ki 'aMjanAsundarI caupAI' ke praNetA muni mAla va gacchIya bhaTanera zAkhA ke the aura inakA astitva samaya 17 vIM zatI kA prathama caraNa unakI kRtiyoM se spaSTa hai. sUcita mAla kI isI kRti kA ullekha 'jaina gurjara kavio' bhAga prathama pR0 463 para bhI kiyA gayA hai. jisakA pratilipikAla saM0 1663 hai. ataH yaha spaSTa hai ki dezAI mahodaya kI bhUla ke kAraNa hI 17 vIM zatI ke mAla kI racanA 16 vIM zatI ke loMkAgacchIya mAla ke nAma para car3ha gaI hai. bhASA aura varNanazailI kI dRSTi se bhI donoM kA bhinnatva spaSTa pratIta hotA hai. isI muni mAla kI racanAoM ko nAgarI pracAriNI sabhA, kAzI dvArA prakAzita hindI hastalikhita pustakoM ke 18 veM traivArSika vivaraNa (1941 - 43 ) meM ajJAtakartA ke racanAeM mAna liyA gayA hai jaba ki inakA nAma aMtima paMktiyoM meM spaSTataH sUcita hai. isa mAla kI eka darjana se adhika anya racanAeM bhI prApta haiM. yaha rAjasthAnI ke kavi the jaba ki nAthAjI ke ziSya gujarAtI ke. mAlAsiMha - yaha lokAgacchIya karamasI ke ziSya the. inakI racanA 'kalAvatI cauDhAliyA' prApta hai jisakA racanA - kAla saM0 1835 zrAvaNa sudi 5 hai. megharAja lokAgarIya janajIvana ke zizya megharAja ne 'jJAnapaMcamI sAvana' (saM0 1830-vIramagAma) aura pArzvanAtha stavana' (saM0 1841 ) kI racanA kI. ullekhanIya hai ki isa nAma ke cAra aura kavi bhI hue haiM. prathama digambara sampradAya ke brahmazAMti ke ziSya, jinakA 'zAMtinAtha cariva' (saM0 1617 meM pratilipita) prApta hai. dvitIya digambara sumatikIti ke ziSya jinakA 'kohaladvAdazI rAsa' ( saM 1754 meM pratilipita) upalabdha hai. tRtIya pArzvacandragacchIya zravaNa RSi ke ziSya jinakI naladamayantI rAsa (saM0 1664 ) solaha satI kA rAsa, rAjacandra pravahaNa (saM0 1661 ) pArzvacandra stuti, rAyapaseNI bAlAvabodha aura sthAnAMga bAlAvabodha Adi racanAeM milatI haiM. caturtha megharAja AMcala gacchIya bhAnulabdhi ke ziSya the jinake 'sattara bhedI pUjA' aura 'RSamajanma' graMtha upalabdha haiM. inakA samaya 17 vIM zatI kA uttarArddha hai. ratnacandra --- yaha gumAnacanda ke praziSya aura durgAdAsa ke ziSya the. inhoMne caturdaza DhAlabaddha 'candanabAlA caupAI ' saM0 1852 ) aura paMcaDhAlabaddha nirmohIDhAla (saM0 1874 pAlI meM ) likhI. isa nAma ke do anya vidvAn bhI hue haiM. jinameM se eka bar3agacchIya samaracandra ke ziSya 'paMcAkhyAna caupAI' (saM0 1648 ) ke pratA aura dUsare sapAgacchIya zAMticandra ke ziSya 'sUrata saMgrAmapura kathA' (saM0 1970) ke racayitA haiM. Jain Education Mal for Felle on Use On 3043043043043043083043043000 300 306 www.sineliterary.org
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________________ Ruo Di Cha Ye Wu Qi Duan Zhuang Zi Zhuang Kuan Ye Ban Ye Ye Zheng Zheng Cai Cai 212 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya rAmadAsa-yaha loMkAgacchIya uttama ke ziSya the. inhoMne 'puNyapAla rAjA kA rAsa' (saM0 1663 jeTha vadi 13, guruvAra sAraMgapura-mAlavA) kI racanA kI. isakI aMtima prazasti mahattva kI hai. rAyacanda--rAyacanda suprasiddha loMkAgacchIya jayamalajI ke ziSya the. inakI kRtiyoM meM ullikhita graMthAdhAroM se vidita hotA hai ki ye svAdhyAya ke prati vizeSa rUpa se AkRSTa the. inhoMne saM0 1833 se saM0 1847 taka sAhityika jIvana vyatIta kara jJAna aura kriyA kA samanvayamUlaka Adarza upasthita kiyA. kavitvazakti jaise inheM pAramparika rUpa se upalabdha thI. inakI racanAeM isa prakAra haiM1. samAdhi-pacavIsI (saM0 1833, mer3atA) 2. gautama svAmI kA rAsa (saM0 1834 bhAdoM sudi 6, bIkAnera) 3. kalAvatI caupaI (saM0 1837 Asoja sudi 5, mer3atA) 4. ASAr3habhUti cauDhAliyA (saM0 1834 vijayAdazamI nAgaura) 5. mRgAMkalekhA caupaI (saM0 1838 bhAdoM vadi 11, jodhapura) 6. mahAvIra cauDhAliyA (saM0 1836 dIpAvalI, nAgaura) 7. RSabha carita (saM0 1840 Asoja sudi 5, pIpAr3a) 8. narmadA satI kI copaI (1841 migasara, jodhapura) 6. sajjhAyAdi rUpacanda--yaha megharAja kI paramparA ke premakRSNa ke ziSya the. rUpacanda jI ne apanI kRtiyoM meM apanI pUrva paramparA kA sundara varNana kiyA hai. yadyapi inakI bhASA gujarAtI hai tathApi adhika samaya taka baMgAla meM nivAsa karane ke kAraNa hindI aura baMgalA kA svalpa prabhAva inakI racanAoM meM A gayA hai. inakI adhikatara racanAeM Ajamagar3ha meM huI haiM. saMbhava hai yaha AdezI ke rUpa meM vahAM kI gaddI ke saMrakSaka ke rUpa meM rahe hoM. inakI racanAyeM isa prakAra haiM1. zrIpAla caupAI (saM0 1856 phAlguna vadi 7 ravivAra makasUdAbAda) 2. dharmaparIkSaNa rAsa (saM0 1860 migasara sudi 5, zanivAra ajImagaMja) 3. paMcendrIya caupaI (saM0 1873 vaizAkha sudi 8 ravivAra makasUdAbAda) 4. rUpasena caupaI (saM0 1878 zrAvaNa sudi 4 guruvAra ajImagaMja) 5. ambaDarAsa (saM0 1880 jeTha sudi 10, budhavAra, makasUdAbAda) uparyukta racanAoM meM korA dhArmika varNana hI nahIM hai apitu inameM lokakathAeM bhI samAviSTa haiM. 'ambaDa-caritra' meM kSatriya ambaDa kA adbhuta caritra varNita huA hai. rUpacanda nAma ke katipaya pUrvavartI kavi bhI hue haiM. lAlacanda-inakA nAma sthAnakavAsI paramparA kI 16 vIM zatI kI paTTAvaliyoM meM milatA hai. 'savattha paccIsI' (saM0 1863 phAlguna sudi 6, bhANapura) aura 'buddhiprakAza'- samudrabaddhakAvya (saM0 1863 koTA) inakI ajJAta racanAeM haiM. inake sphuTa chaMda, savaiyA, kavitta Adi vibhinna saMgrahoM meM milate haiM. vinaya-yaha anUpadevajI ke ziSya the. inhoMne mayaNarekhA caupaI (saM0 1870 mAgha 13, jayapura) aura subhadrA caupaI (saM0 1870 poSa zuklA 12, jayapura) kI racanA kI. 'subhadrA caupaI' kA racanA-kAla zrI dezAI ne apane jainagurjara kavipro meM saM0 1872 se pUrva mAnA hai, jo ThIka nahIM. yahI tathya svAmIjI sAMvatarAmajI ke ziSya hammIramalajI dvArA saM0 1602 miti ASAr3ha vadi 12 mamanora meM pratilipita prati se bhI siddha hotA hai. prazasti isa prakAra hai guNa guNAlaMku maharNa durmati zrIzrAcArija sAMmajI, tasa zrI carNa sevA tArAcandajI kari ati abhiraamjii| JainEduLblioninine Samme dwennamast myanmelonely.org
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________________ zrAlamazAha khAna loMkAgaccha kI sAhitya sevA : 213 zrotAsa siSyA cAdarI gharI tasa carNA sevA zrI banecandajI DhAla e pAMcU karI / gaja naha e vasuMdharA bIte samta 1870 poSa meM sIta dvAdasI, jayapura jinapada pUrI saba neM zraSaMDa canda kalA jasI / vasto--yaha bar3havANa ke zrAvaka the. inhoMne 'jhUThA tapasI kA silokA' (saM0 1836 bhAdoM sudi ravivAra ) kI racanA kI. jhUThA tapasI saurASTra ke atyanta prabhAvazAlI vyakti the. inake viSaya meM rANapura Adi nagaroM meM kaI kiMvadaMtiyAM pracalita haiM. samalazAha - inhoMne tilokasundarI DAla (saM0 1892 phalaudI ) kI racanA kI. samaracandra -yaha ku~vara jI pakSa ke ratnAgara ke ziSya the. inhoMne 'zreNika rAsa' kI racanA kI. sAMvatarAma -- yaha sthAnakavAsI sampradAya ke kriyAzIla muni the. inakI nimnalikhita racanAeM prApta haiM 1. draupadI caupAI (saM0] 1022 2. madanasena caupAI (saM0 18 3. satIvivaraNa cauDhAliyA (saM0 kArtika kRSNA 7 jayapura) phAguna di 7 bIkAnera) 1907 caitra vadi 7, lazkara ) sujANa - yaha bhImajI ke ziSya the. inhoMne sUrata meM raha kara saM0 1832 meM 'zIyala svAdhyAya' kA praNayana kiyA. sundara inhoMne 'nemarAjula ke navabhava' (saM0 1761 ) kI racanA kI. sUjI -- sUjI ne 'zrI pUjya ratnasiMha rAsa' (saM0 1648 vaizAkha vadi 13 tAlanagara, mevAr3a ) kI racanA kI, yaha aitihAsika mahatva kI racanA hai. AcArya ratnasiMha kuMvarajI pakSa ke arthAt pATAnusAra 11 meM paTTapara the. jAmanagara nivAsI vIsA zrImAlI vaNik solANI gotrIya surA kI patnI sohavade kI ratna kukSi se saM0 1632 meM inakA janma huA thA. dIkSA saM0 1648 vaizAkha vadi 13, ahamadAbAda, padasthApana saM0 1654 jeTha vadi 7 evaM svargavAsa saM0 1686 vidita hotA hai. svarAja -sAyalA nivAsI harakhA ke putra svarAja lokAgacchIya sadgRhastha the. inhoMne mUlI bAI ke bAraha mAsa (saM0 1862 migasara sudi 13 guruvAra, sAyalA ) 52 padyoM meM race. varNita mUlI bAI dazA zrImAlI ratanazAha kI patnI amRta bAI kI putrI aura koThArI nAnajI kI patnI thI. inhoMne AryA AnaMda bAI se prAthamika jJAna prApta karane ke uparAMta saM0 1865 meM lImar3I meM ratanabAI se dIkSA grahaNa kI. inakA jIvana nitAMta hI tapazcaryApUrNa thA. yaha saMthArA lekara saM0 1890 ASAr3ha sudi 14 zukravAra ko paramadhAma sidhArI. hulAsacanda - yaha nAgorI lokAgandrIya lakSmIcanda sUri kI paramparA ke zivacanda ke ziSya the. inhoMne 'rAjasiMgha ratnAvalI caupaI' (saM0 1947 mAgha sudi 11 budhavAra ) kI racanA kI. uparyukta paMktiyoM meM iMgita saMketoM kA sImAkSetra atyanta vistRta aura vyApaka rahA hai. abhI loMkAgaccha-sthAnakavAsI paramparA ke adhInastha prAcInatama jJAna bhaNDAroM kA vaijJAnika sarvekSaNa honA to dUra rahA, kahIM-kahIM to vyavasthita sUcIpatra taka nahIM bana pAye haiM. ataH varNita graMtharAzi ko dekhate hue sahaja hI anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki anveSaNa karane para lokAgacchIya sAhityakAroM kI aura bhI aneka kRtiyA~ upalabdha ho sakatI haiM. 308303083083083083308308 30 30 300 3083023002 30830300308
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________________ muni zrIkAntisAgarajI zrIlokAzAha kI paraMparA aura usakA ajJAta sAhitya santa-paramparA ke samujjvala itihAsa meM solahavIM zatI kA vizeSa mahattva hai. isa yuga ko vaicArika krAntikAriyoM kA svarNa-kAla kahA jAya to atyukti na hogI. kabIra, dharmadAsa, nAnaka, saMta ravidAsa, taraNa-tAraNa svAmI aura zrImAn lokAzAha Adi Adarza-preraka vyaktiyoM ne isI samaya meM krAnti kI zaMkhadhvani se bhAratIya janamAnasa ko navajAgaraNa kA divya sandeza diyA thA. dharma ke maulika tattvoM ke nAma para jo vikAra, asaMgatiyA~ aura sAmpradAyika-kahalamUlaka dhAraNAeM panapa rahI thIM unake prati tIvra asaMtoSa kA jvAra inhIM santoM kI anubhavamUlaka vANI meM phUTA thA. svAbhAvika thA ki Akasmika aura apratyAzita krAntipUrNa vicAradhArA ke udaya se sthitipAlaka samAja meM halacala utpanna ho. pariNAma svarUpa pratikriyAvAdI bhAvanAeM jAgrata huI. yaha sarvasiddha aitihAsika satya hai ki mAnava-saMskRti kA vAstavika pallavana evaM saMvarddhana saMgharSa kI pRSThabhUmi meM hI hotA hai. zAntikAla meM aihika aura bhautikamUlaka pravRttiyA~ protsAhita hotI haiM. krAnti, navasarjana kA na kevala preraka saMdeza hI detI hai apitu samatva ko maulika bhAvanA dvArA zramaNasaMskRti ko jana-jIvana meM pratiSThita bhI karatI hai jo janatantra kA mukhya AdhAra hai. yahI kAraNa hai ki santa-paramparA kA vikAsa viparIta paristhitiyoM meM hI huA hai. vaha pAzavikatA se lar3I aura pUrI zakti ke sAtha lar3I, para marI nahIM. kyoMki usakA Adarza vizAla aura udAra bhAvanAoM para AdhArita thA. vahAM vyakti kI apekSA guNoM kA prAmukhya thA, vaha kisI sampradAya yA ucca vyakti ke prati nahIM, para samIcIna tattvoM ke prati baphAdAra thI. isIlie sudRr3ha aura sauMdaryasampanna paramparAeM vaha DAla sakI, jisa para zatAbdiyoM taka mAnavatA garva kara sakatI hai. yadyapi zrImAn lokAzAha ke kAntikArI vicAroM kA samarthana unake anuyAyivarga dvArA kisa sImA taka aura kitanA huA, isa para aitihAsika mauna haiM. kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki jisa samaya vicArakrAnti kA sUtrapAta huA usakI pRSThabhUmi ko dyotita karane vAlI tAtkAlika sAmpradAyika sAdhana-sAmagrI timirAcchanna hai, tathApi unakI paramparA kA itihAsa isa bAta kA sAkSI hai ki apane yuga meM utpanna dhArmika vikRtiyoM ke prati unakA vidroha jaina sampradAya ko dUra taka prabhAvita kara eka navamArga kA nirmAtA aura poSaka siddha to huA hI. isakA akATya pramANa lokAzAha aura unakI paramparA ke viruddha racA gayA vipula sAhitya hai, jisake sRjana meM usa yuga ke cetanA-sampanna mastiSkoM ko sajaga hokara sakriya honA par3A thA. inameM lAvaNyasamaya, kamalasaMyama upAdhyAya. pAvacandra sUri Adi pramukha haiM. kisI navamata-pravartaka vyakti kI vicAradhArA kA bhale hI usa sampradAya ne tAtkAlika svarUpa lipibaddha na kiyA ho. para samasAmayika sAhitya meM, bhale hI usake viparIta hI kyoM na likhA gayA ho, jo ullekha Ate haiM, yA usake nirasana ke lie jo pUrva pakSa prastuta kiyA gayA hai, usase usakI mUla vicAradhArA kA AMzika anubhava to ho hI jAtA hai. lokAzAha kI mUla mAnyatAe~ kyA rahI hoMgI? unakA sImita samaya meM hI kSetra kitanA vyApaka ho gayA ? Adi bAtoM kA uttara usa sampradAya kA tAtkAlika sAhitya bhale hI na de sakatA ho, para usa samaya meM jo carcAspada sAhitya virodhiyoM dvArA racA gayA usase bahuta kucha saMketa to mila hI jAte haiM. parantu ina mahattvapUrNa sAdhanoM para abhI taka bahuta kama vidvAnoM kA dhyAna AkRSTa huA hai. maiMne prasaMgavaza jitanA bhI adhyayana-anveSaNa kiyA usake AdhAra para maiM isa niSkarSa para pahuMcA hUM ki yadi sUcita viSaya kA maulika jJAtavya prakaTa karanA hai to virodhI sAhitya ke adhyayana kI nitAnta AvazyakatA hai. kar3avA mata kI 'gurvAvalI' isa rahasyodghATana meM saphala sAdhana siddha ho sakatI hai. Jain
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________________ muni kAntisAgara : loMkAzAha kI paraMparA aura usakA ajJAta sAhitya : 215 lokAzAha kina paristhitiyoM meM uThe-ubhare, unhoMne jana-cetanA ke kina nigUr3ha gahvaroM meM apanI krAnti ke svaroM kA pratinidhitva kiyA ? usakA kahA~ kaba kitanA aura kaise prabhAva par3A? usakI paramparA kI daur3a meM anya kyA kucha huA hai ? ina saba viSayoM para vicAra karane kA na yaha avasara hai, na apekSA hI hai. yahA~ to kevala mujhe apanI zodhayAtrA meM prApta usa sampradAya ke munivaroM ke aitihAsika gItoM para hI vicAra karanA apekSita hai. AgAmI paMktiyoM meM samupalabdha gItoM se saMbaddha vyaktiyoM ke saMbandha meM prApta sAhityika aura aitihAsika sAdhanoM ke AdhAra para jaisA bhI paricaya prApta ho sakA, diyA jA rahA hai. uddhRta gIta yadyapi gurubhakti se prerita hokara likhe gaye haiM, jinheM prAcArya zukla jaise Alocaka bhale hI 'dhArmika noTisa' kahakara TAla deM, aura inakA lAkSaNika dRSTi se sAhityika mUlya na ho parantu bhASA-zAstra aura saMskRti kI dRSTi se ye bahuta hI upAdeya haiM. usa samaya kI aitihAsika ulajhanoM ko sulajhAne meM paryApta sahAyaka siddha hue haiM / udAharaNArtha gujarAta ke sulatAna mahamUda beghaDA ke dAhoda ke saM0 1545 vAle lekhAntargata ullikhita 'ahammadapura' kI bhaugolika samasyA prastuta prabandha meM diye hue 'jasavaMta cAturmAsa' se hI sulajhI hai. bhale hI ye gIta laghukAya aura prazaMsAtmaka hoM para saMbaddha AcArya ke viSaya meM koI na koI prAmANika navIna jJAtavya samupasthita karate haiN| maiMne aAgAmI paMktiyoM meM apane Apako gaNi tejasiMha ke ziSya aura unake paTTadhara kAnajI taka hI arthAt 17 veM pATa taka hI sImita rakhA hai, kyoMki anya muniyoM ke gIta prApta na the aura pUrI paramparA para prakAza DAlanA saMbhava na thA. sAhitya ke aura vizeSakara rAjasthAnI-gujarAtI bhASAmoM ke kSetra meM sthAnakavAsI muniyoM ne jo yoga diyA hai, sacamuca abhimAna kI vastu hai. isa pavitra kArya se janamAnasa Azvasta huA hai. kahA jAtA hai ki adyAvadhi isa dizA meM samucita mUlyAMkana kI ora kadama nahIM uThAyA gayA hai, para merI vinamra sammatyanusAra abhI vaha samaya bhI paripakva nahIM huA hai, kAraNa ki abhI to anusaMdhAna hI kahAM ho pAyA hai ? jaba taka loMkAgacchIya aura sthAnakavAsI samAja dvArA saMgrahIta evaM saMrakSita purAtana jJAnAgAroM kA samucita paryavekSaNa na ho jAya, taba taka navya dRSTikoNa kI kalpanA asaMbhava hai. jJAta se bhI ajJAta abhI bahuta kucha zeSa hai. mere nijI saMgraha meM bhI sthAnakavAsI samAja ke pratiSThita muniyoM aura sAdhviyoM dvArA racita va pratilipita sAhitya paryApta hai. yaha mujhe sakheda kahanA par3atA hai ki muni-samAja ne isa viSaya para Aja ke zodhapradhAna yuga meM bhI kama hI dhyAna diyA hai. mUla aitihAsika gItoM ke pUrva tatsaMbaMdhI muniyoM kI paramparA para vicAra apekSita haibhANAjI-sirohI ke nikaTa arahaTavAla-aTakavAr3A ke nivAsI, jAti se poravAla, saM0 1531 meM svayameva dIkSA, lokAgaccha ke Adi muni. bhANAjI ke vaiyaktika jIvana aura unake vihArapradeza Adi ke viSaya meM adhika jJAtavya timirAcchanna hai. sAmpradAyika paTTAvaliyAM bhI isa saMbaMdha meM mauna haiM, para samasAmayika anyagacchIya paTTAvaliyoM se kiMcit prakAza milatA hai. sva0 mohanalAla dalIcaMda desAI ne inakA dIkSAkAla saM0 1531 ahamadAbAda diyA hai, para 'tapAgacchIya paTTAvaliyoM' meM dIkSA samaya saM0 1533 ullikhita hai, jaise'tanmadhye veSadharAstu vi0 trayastrizadadhikapaMcadazazata 1133 varSe jAtA tantra prathamo veSadhArI bhANAkhyo'bhUtaditi' --paTTAvalI samuccaya pRSTha 67 upAdhyAya ravivarddhana ne apanI paTTAvalI meM dIkSAkAla saM0 1538 diyA hai'tadveSadharAstu saM0 1538 varSe jAtAH, tatra prathamo veSadhArI RSi bhANAkhyo 'bhUditi' -paTTAvalI samuccaya pRSTha 157 uparyukta ullekha adhika vizvasanIya pratIta nahIM hotA. saM0 1533 kA samarthana kuMvarajI pakSIya kezavajI racita (saM0 1688 lagabhaga) 'lokAzAha ziloke' kI ina paMktiyoM se hotA haizata pannara tetrIsanI sAlai, bhANajI ne dIkkhA pAlai / --jainagUrjarakavio bhAga 3, pRSTha 1064, Jain Educa
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________________ Liang Nuo Nuo Fa Gai Qi Lu Qi Zhuang Qi Zhuang Hua Jiang 216 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya inakA svargagamana desAI ne saM0 1537 sUcita kiyA hai, para vaha satya pratIta nahIM hotA, kAraNa ki 'kaDuA mata paTTAvalI' ke anusAra saM0 1540 meM nADolAI meM kaDavA zAha ina se mile the aura vArtAlApa huA thA, ata: isa samaya taka to bhANAjI kA astitva asaMdigdha hai. isa paTTAvalI meM aura bhI lokAzAha ke anuyAyiyoM ke saMbaMdha meM katipaya mahattvapUrNa ullekha haiM jinakA svatantra paryavekSaNa apekSita hai. 2. bhIdAjo-sirohI ke osavAla, sAthaDIyA gotrIya, sva0 tolA ke bhAI, ahamadAbAda meM saM01540 meM 45 vyaktiyoM ke sAtha dIkSA bhANAjI ke pAsa grahaNa kI. 3. nAjI-sirohI ke osavAla, dIkSA saM0 1545 yA 46. 4. bhImAjI-pAlI nivAsI, lor3hA gotrIya, saMyama grahaNa saM0 1550. 5. jagamAlajI-uttarAdhavAsI, osavAla surANAM gotrIya, dIkSA grahaNa saM0 1550, jhAMjhaNanagara meM. 6. sarabAjI--dillI nivAsI zrIzrImAla jJAtIya siMdhUr3a gotrIya, saMyama grahaNakAla saM0 1554, 'loMkAgaccha kI bar3e pakSa kI paTTAvalI' meM ullekha hai sarabAjI ne eka mAha kA saMthArA pacakhA thA. vijayagaccha---saravAjI ke samaya meM loMkAgaccha meM prathama krAnti huI aura pariNAmasvarUpa vijaya RSi ne 'vijayamata' kI sthApanA kI. saMsthApana kAla para vidvajjagat meM bhinnatva hai. koI to saM0 1565 yA 1570 mAnate haiM. jainadharma aura sAhitya kI dRSTi se yaha paramparA prANavAn rahI. tAtkAlika mugala zAsakoM para bhI katipaya AcAryoM kA prabhAva anyAnya sphuTa aitihAsika padyoM se pramANita hai. vijaya RSi kI paramparA meM AcArya dharmadAsajI, khemasAgarajI, padmasAgarasUri, guNasAgarasUri, kalyANasAgarasUri, sumatisAgarasUri, vinayasAgarasUri, manohara dAsa, mallIdAsa, vijayasiMha, mohana RSi, paMcAyaNa, sujANa, giradhara, kezarAja Adi AcArya aura aise sthavira hue haiM jinane dhArmika prabhAvanA ke sAtha-sAtha apanI pratibhA dvArA paryApta sAhitya sRjana kara bhAratIya bhASA granthoM meM abhivRddhi kI. tAtkAlika hI nahIM Aja bhI inakI kRtiyoM-DhAlasAgara aura rAmayazorasAyaNa-kA samAja meM sarvatra Adara hai. vizeSakara rAjasthAnamevAr3a meM isa paramparA kA itanA prabhAva thA ki rAja-sabhAoM meM bhI inake anuyAyiyoM kA sammAna hotA thA. uyayapura ke suprasiddha kavi mAnajI kI racanAyeM-saMyogadvAtrizikA, rAjavilAsa aura bihArI satasaI kI hindI TIkA-prAdi sphuTaAja bhI sAhityika jagat kA abhimAna haiM. Aja taka kevala yahI mAnA jAtA thA ki isa paramparA kA sAhitya kevala kezarAja aura guNasAgarasUri dvArA hI racita hai, para mere saMgrahastha eka vijayagaccha ke guTake meM isa saMpradAya kA pracura bhASAsAhitya upalabdha huA hai jisase kaI ajJAta kaviyoM kA patA calA hai. satrahavIM zatAbdI se lagAkara unnIsavIM zatI taka vijayagacchIya yati-muniyoM ne jo sArasvatopAsanA kI hai, vastutaH vaha abhimAna kI vastu hai. mevAr3a ke jaina-sAMskRtika itihAsa meM inakA anupama yoga rahA hai. anveSaNa kA kSetraprazasta hone para aura bhI racanAyeM upalabdha ho sakatI haiM. koTA, bayAnA meM inake suvizAla sAhityasaMgraha vidyamAna haiM. 7. rUpajI-aNahilapura pATaNa nivAsI, osavAla vaida gotrIya, pitA devA, mAtA miradhAI, janma saM0 1543, svayameva dIkSA saM0 1568 mAha zuklA pUrNimA. inane pATaNagaccha-gujarAtI loMkAgaccha kI sthApanA kI. loMkAgaccha ko bar3e pakSa kI paTAvalI meM vizeSa ullekha hai ki rUpA sAha ne zatrujaya kA saMgha nikAlA thA aura bAda meM saravAjI kA ahamadAbAda meM vyAkhyAna sunakara pravajita hue aura vaha bhI 500 vyaktiyoM ke sAtha. anya pramANa isa ke samarthana meM apekSita hai. rUpajI ne saM0 1578 meM jIvarAjajI ko saMyama dekara svapada para sthApita kiyA. 7 varSa taka guru-ziSya sAtha meM vicaraNa karate rahe. inake samaya meM hIrA nAmaka vyakti ne - "nAgaurI laMkAgaccha" kI svataMtra sthApanA kI aura mUrtipUjA svIkAra kI. ina ke paravartI anugAmiyoM ne bhI jaina saMskRti ko gauravAnvita kiyA. anusaMdhAna kI dRSTi se yaha paramparA bhI upekSita hI rahI hai. yati radhunAtha ne isa zAkhA kI vistRta paTTAvalI saMskRta bhASA meM likhI hai jo itihAsa kI dRSTi se bahuta hI A im. PRICTLEELAMME-MAm m ammam T HIRDHARuriHILDRINAARADAINIK TamiltongantiwHIJARANASALAILAP T MARA I IILARITIVE STOTRA AALIS RA Jain Education intematonal
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________________ muni kAntisAgara : lokAzAha kI paraMparA aura usakA ajJAta sAhitya : 217 *MAARUNRENMMMMMMRAMNIK kAma kI hai. isakA praNayana saM0 1860 meM paTiyAlA meM huA. raghunAtha svayaM saMskRta sAhitya ke viziSTa abhyAsI aura granthakAra mahAnubhAva the. ye isa gaccha ke AcArya lakSmIcandra jI ke samaya meM vidyamAna the. inakA saM0 1863 meM cUru meM cAturmAsa thA taba raghunAtha ne inakI sevA meM eka bRhatpatra saMskRta bhASA meM preSita kiyA thA, jo patra-sAhitya kI dRSTi se anyatama hai. ye AcArya harakhacaMdajI ke paTTadhara the. inakA nAma paTTAvaliyoM (raghunAtha kRta paTTAvalI ke atirikta) nahIM milatA hai. sUcita patra ina paMktiyoM ke lekhaka dvArA "jaina satyaprakAza varSa 16 aMka 12 meM prakAzita hai. isI samaya uttarArddha lAhorI lukAgaccha sthApita huA. saravAjI ke anuyAyI loMkAgaccha kI mUla mAnyatAoM ke anugAmI bane rahe. sUcita uttarArddha gacchAnuyAyI saravAjI ke ziSya arjuna ke ziSya durgAdAsa ne saM0 1635 meM "khaMdhaka caupAi" kI racanA kI jisakA paricaya" 'jana gUrjara kavio" bhAga 3 pRSTha 740 para diyA hai. suprasiddha kalAsamIkSaka DA0 AnandakumAra svAmI ke samIpa saM0 1680 ke citrita samavaraNa-citra meM uttarArddha gacchIya AcArya kRSNacaMdra aura muni tArAcanda ke nAma Ate haiM. 8. jIvarAjajI-rUpaRSijI ne jIvarAja jI ko saM0 1578 meM sva pada para sthApita kiyA. ye sUrata ke dezalaharA gotrIya tejala-tejapAla kI patnI kapUrA bAI ke putra the. janma saM0 1550, dIkSA saM0 1578 mAha zuklA 2 guruvAra, rupaRSi-bhAsa meM inakA dIkSA samaya saM0 1578 sUcita kiyA hai aura jIvarAjajI-bhAsa meM vahI kavi saM0 1568 sUcita karatA hai jaba ki saM0 1568 meM to rUpajI svayaM saMyama svIkAra karate batAye gaye haiM. saM0 1612 vaizAkha sudi 6 ko bar3e barasiMghajI ko pada para sthApita kiyA, evaM svayaM saM0 1613 jyeSTha zuklA 6 somavAra ko 5 dina kA anazana lekara 63 varSa kI Ayu meM parama dhAma prasthita hue. inake nAma se "gujarAtI loMkAgaccha ' prasiddha huA. jIvarAjajI ke eka ziSya molhA kI ajJAta racanA "lokanAlikA bAlAvabodha" prApta hai. jisakA Adi aura anta bhAga yahA~ uddhRta kiyA jA rahA hai zrAdidevaM namaskRtya bAlAnAM bodhahetave / kiyatenupakArAya nAlikAyAstuvAttikaM // 1 // jIvaRSi mahApUjyaH tasya pAdaprasAdataH / kRtaM molhA muniMdreNa nAlikAyAstuvAttika / / 2 / / anta bhAgaH-- ityAcArya zrIjIvaRSicaraNAMbhojasevaka molhAbhidhAnenakRtaH lokanAlikAyAH vArtikAvabodhaH samAptaH / / zrIrastu / saM0 1606 // smaraNIya hai ki gujarAtI loMkAgaccha meM eka aura muni isI nAma ke prasiddha rahe haiM jo catura kavi kRta "caMdana malayAgiri caupAI" (ra0 kA0 saM0 1771) meM ullikhita hue haiM. lokanAlikA ke vAttikakAra pUrvavartI haiM. jIvarAjajI ke do ziSya kuMvarajI aura zrImallajI the, jinase kuMvarajI pakSa kI sthApanA huI. inakI paramparA bhI vidvAn 1. zrImallajI ke eka ziSya sundaraRSi the jinakI ajJAta racanA hIrAcakra bhASA" mere saMgraha meM surakSita hai. yadyapi kavi ne AtmavRtta nahIM diyA hai, para ahamadAbAda se prakAzita "zrIprazasti saMgraha meM eka lekhanapuSpikA saM01757 (pRSTha 268) kI AI hai jisameM sundaraRSi kA nAmollekha zrImalajI ke ziSya ke rUpa meM huA hai, isI AdhAra para inheM unakA antevAsI mAnA hai. horAcakra bhASA kA antima padya isa prakAra hai kachuka parAI ukta hari kachu nija hiya vimAMsa sundaraRSi bhASA racI hoDAcakra bilAsa / kRti sAdhAraNa hote hue bhI sAmAnya jyautiSI kA mArga prazasta kara sakatI hai. horAzAstra ko kavi ne saMkSepa meM samajhAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai, 'jaina gUrjara kavio' ke tIsare bhAga meM sundara RSi kA ullekha hai. nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai ki vaha yahI hai yA koI anya ? Jain Eslation herorary.org
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________________ 218 : muni zrohajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya Luo Luo Qin Bang Cai Jiu Fa Qi Lei Xue Ju Luo Luo Luo Du Chang Chang Du Dai Zhu shelp evaM graMthakI thI. gallU RSi ziSya zrIpAla ne "dazavaikAlika bAlAvabodha" kI racanA saM0 1664 meM kI jisakI kartA ke hAtha kI prati upalabdha hai. puSpikA isa prakAra hai zrImanmahAvIrazAsanecitAmaNisadRzAH prAcArya zrIrUpaRSi tatpaTTe gacchAdhipo munizrIjIvarAjastaspaTTe muni zrI kuvarajIgacchAdhipastatpaTTa muni zrI zrImallagacchAdhipasta paTTe AcArya zrIratnasiMha virAjamAne prAcArya zrIjIvanaRSi hastadIkSitaRSi zrImallUstaziSya muni zrIpAlena zrIguruprasAdAt viracitaH zrIdazavaikAlika bAlAvabodhaH / / saM0 1664 varSe zrIvikrama mahAnagare prAso mAse zuklapakSe dvitIyA dine zukravAre prathama dine prathaga prahare lAbha belAyAM sampUrNa kRtaH liSitaM zropAla muninA svapaThanArthe inake atirikta kuMvarajI pramukha muniyoM dvArA racita sAhitya isa prakAra upalabdha haiM1, kuMvarajI sAdhu vaMdanA ra0 kA, saM0 1624. 2. nAnajI paMcavaraNa sta0 ra0 kA0 saM0 1666. 3. samaracaMdra zreNika rAsa ra0 kA0 saM0 4. bAlacaMdra bAlavAvanI ra0 kA0 saM0 1685 5. kezavajI lokAzAha zilokA ra0 kA0 saM0 1688 lagabhaga. 6. dharmasiMha A0 zivajI rAsa ra0 kA0 saM0 1662 udayapura, dharmasiMhajI zivajI RSi ke ziSya the. inase dariyApurI sampradAya alaga calA. inhoMne kaI prAkRta bhASA kI racanAoM para stavakAdi likhakara sAmAnya muniyoM ko svAdhyAya kI suvidhA kI. ye kavi bhI the. inakI paramparA 20 vIM zatI taka vidyamAna rahI hai. ANaMda gaNitasAra ra0 kA0 saM0 1721 lAlapura ANaMda harivaMza caritra ra0 kA0 saM0 1738 rAdhanapura. kizana muni kRSNabAvanI ra0 kA0 saM0 1767 sphuTa stuti rAmacandra tejasAra rAsa ra0 kA0 saM01860 navAnagara. eka mahattvapUrNa guTakAtAtkAlika anyAnya aitihAsika sAdhanoM se pramANita hai ki loMkAgaccha ke aSTama prAcArya jIvAjI ke eka ziSya kuMvarajI ko bAlApura ke zrIsaMgha ne AcArya pada dekara 'loMkAgaccha nAnI pakSa' kI sthApanA kI. bAlApura aura tatsannikaTavartI pradeza meM inakA varcasva thA. bAlApura aura burahAnapura satrahavIM zatAbdI se hI jaina saMskRti ke vyApaka kendra rahe haiM. donoM sthAnoM ke zrAvakoM meM prArambha se hI svAdhyAya ke prati svAbhAvika AkarSaNa rahA hai. satata saMtasamAgama ke kAraNa saMskArazIla paramparA kA prAdurbhAva evaM vikAsa sAhajika kArya hai. maiM yahA~ para eka atyanta mahattvapUrNa hastalikhita guTake kA paricaya dene jA rahA hUM jisameM kuMvarajI pakSa ke muniyoM dvArA racita ajJAta racanAeM saMkalita haiM. isakA lekhanakAla saM0 1704 se 1726 hai. suprasiddha saiddhAntika kavi jIvarAjajI ke ziSya lAlajI, sAmala aura zrIpati ne ise vibhinna samayoM meM vahAM ke pratiSThita zrAvaka zrI amarasI putra akhayarAja, vijayarAja, rUparAja aura jIvarAja ke lie pratilipita kiyA. nitya svAdhyAya ke guTake ke zIrSa bhAga meM "guru kezavajI gurubhyo namaH" Alekhita hai. bhaktAmara, kalyANamandira stotra aura saMbodhasattarI ke atirikta sAmpradAyika racanAoM kA sundara saMgraha hai. zrIpati, jIvarAja, sAMmala, bAlacanda Adi muniyoM kI kRtiyA~ sanniviSTa haiM. guTakA sUcita parivAra ke kalAprema kA paricAyaka hai, cAroM ora sundara borDara banAkara vividha alaMkaraNoM se susajjita hai. isameM jo lekhanapuSpikAeM dI haiM ve muniparamparA kI nAmAvalI upasthita karatI haiM. kezavajI ziSya bhImA, ThAkurasI RSi, pUMjarAjajI, vAghajI, hIrAnanda (mIrapurIya) Adi navya nAma kRtiyoM ke sAtha haiM. Jain EdUCO www.jainelikirary.org
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________________ muni kAntisAgara : loMkAzAha kI paraMparA aura usakA ajJAta sAhitya : 216 6 bar3e varasaMghajI-prabhAsa pATaNa nivAsI, osavAla nAhaTA gotrIya, pitA sumIyA mAtA kastUrAM bAI, janma saM0 1564 dIkSA saM0 1587 caitra vadi 5, padasthApana saM0 1612 vaizAkha zuklA 6, savA varSa jIvarAjajI ke sAtha vihAra, saM0 1644 kAttika zuklA 3 ko stambhatIrtha-khaMbhAta meM svarga-gamana. jisa prakAra jIvarAjajI ke eka ziSya kuMvarajI ko bAlApura ke zrAvakoM ne AcArya pada pradAna kara 'loMkAgaccha nAnI pakSa' kI sthApanA kI, usI prakAra vaTapadrIya-baDaudA ke bhAvasAroM ne inheM zrIpUjya kI padavI dekara 'gujarAtI loMkAgaccha baDIpakSa' kA prAdurbhAva kiyA. kavi nema praNIta inakI prazaMsA meM eka chanda saM0 1771 ke pUrva likhA gayA jo isI prabandha meM Age diyA jA rahA hai. isameM vizeSa aitihAsika tathya to nahIM hai, kevala mAtA-pitA ke nAma haiM. saM0 1536 meM lokAzAha kI sAdhanA kI saphalatA mAnI hai aura prathama cAritra kI upalabdhi kA zreya rUpaRSi ko diyA hai jo vicAraNIya hai. loMkAgaccha meM prathama muni to bhANAjI hI mAne jAte rahe haiM, para anumAna hai ki kavi gujarAtI loMkAgaccha kA anuyAyI thA aura isakI saMsthApanA rUpaRSi dvArA huI thI. ataH isa apekSA se munitva kI prAthamika saMjJA dI jAna par3atI hai. para loMkAzAha dvArA 1536 kI saphalatA kA rahasya samajha meM nahIM AyA. sUcita kAla meM aisI koI ullekhya ghaTanA kA patA nahIM lagatA. kahIM isakA saMketa lokAzAha ke svargavAsa se to nahIM hai ? tAtkAlika jaina paramparA ke itihAsa se vidita hotA hai ki vaha samaya jaina samAja ke lie bar3A hI viSama thA. nita naI krAntiyAM huA karatI thIM, jisakA tanika bhI vyaktitva ubharA ki usane apanI navya prarUpaNA prArambha kara dI. yaha sanAtana satya hai ki eka krAnti dUsarI krAnti kI pRSThabhUmi huA karatI hai. pUrvajoM ke caraNa-cihnoM para calanA bhAratIya paramparA rahI hai. saM0 1616 meM sisu pramukha bAraha vyaktiyoM ne vibhinna mAnyatAoM ke rahane ke bAvajUda bhI varasaMghajI se viruddha hokara nayA mArga nikAlA. kuMvarajI ne bhI isI samaya apanA pakSa svatantra sthApita kiyA. ye kavi the. inakI saM0 1624 zrAvaNa sudi 13 guruvAra, racita sAdhu vaMdanA upalabdha hai. bar3e varasaMghajI saM0 1627 meM gaccha kA dAyitva apane ziSya laghu varasaMghajI ko sauMpakara 27 varSa sAtha vicaraNa karate rahe. khaMbhAta meM inakA svargavAsa saM0 1644 meM huA. bar3e varasaMghajI ke samaya meM bhImAjI bhAvasAra ne, jo bAda meM muni ho gaye the, 3 khaMDoM meM zreNika rAsa kramazaH saM0 1621 bhAdrapada zuklA 2 bar3audA, saM0 1632 bhAdra pada kRSNA 2 var3audA, aura saM0 1636 Azvina kRSNA 7 ravivAra ko pUrNa kiyA. isI bIca bhImajI ne saM0 1632 meM nAgalakumAra-nAgadatta rAsa bhI banAyA. mere saMgraha meM varasaMgha kI prazaMsA meM likhA gayA eka apUrNa sArtha padya hai jisakA lekhanakAla saM0 1641 hai. vaha padya isa prakAra hai-- ....................ramuniyutaM mAlabelAtadIkSaM / vaMde zrIvIrazivyaM zrutavarasarasI khelane rAjahaMsaM // zikSAdaM sAdhusiMhaM zivapurasukhadaM sundaraMsAdhuyuktaM // 6 // iti sragdharA chanda abhinavaMsadAcArya sArAsAra vicArakaM / gaNisaMpatsamAyuktaM vaMde bAdIvarAMkuzam // 7 // vaMde cAruvaraM varahagaNivAdidhyAlemRgAriM / zAMtyAgAraM zubhavaraguNaM sAdhupadmazazAMkaM // 1. loMkAgaccha kI bar3e pakSa kI paTTAvalI meM batAyA gayA hai ki kuvarajI ne apane pakSa kI sthApanA saM0 1636 meM bIkAnera meM kI. para yaha kathana yuktiyukta pratIta nahIM hotA. Jain Education
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________________ 220 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya Lian Yang Lian Hao Qi Qi Cha Cha Cha Cha Qi Cha Cha Xi Cha Cha Deng Cha Cha prekSAjIvaMvarasurataru dharmadhIraM vareNyaM / zrImatpUjyavaragaNipadesthApitaMsAdhu sAraM / / 8 / / zrIzrIpUjyavaragaNiyutairatradezeSuzIghra / kRtvAzUkaM sakalasukhadaM zrAvakANAMzamInA / / pAgaMtavyaM suguNanagare darzanehazcasaMgho / yasmAttasmAt saphala subasomaM kSukAryodhunAtra // 6 // .." vaMde ke punaH / zrIvaraRSinA ziSya punaH / zruta ka0 siddhAntarUpa pradhAna sarovaraI ramavAnai viSai rAjahaMsa samAna, punaH zikSA0 ka. sikSA grahaNa aAsevaraNa rUpanA deNa hAra, sAdhu zrIsiMha sthavira, siva ka. mokSasukhanA deNahAra, sundaraM ka. suzobhita, sAdhunai baMdai karI saMyuktanai hUM baaNduu||6|| hibai zrI yAcArya barasiMhanA kAvya vaSANai chai. abhinavaH ka. navA, sadA0 ka. sadA kAla athavA sobhanika prAcArya RSi zrIvarasiMhanai hubAMdu. punaH kiM viziSTaH zrI zrAcArya, sArA0 ka. tatva atatvanA vicAraNahAra, punaH kiM viziSTaM gaNiH ka0 AcAryanI AcAra sUtrAdika saMpadAe karI saMyukta, vaMde ka0 tehanai hubAMdu. vAdi ka0 vAdi rUpa duSTa hastInai aMkusa samAna // // vAMde ka0 hu vAMdu. cAru ka. manohara zrIvarasiMha gaNinai punaH vAdi kaH vAdI rUpa duSTa hastI jIpavAnai viSada siMha samAna, punaH zAntyA. ka. upazamanA ghara, punaH zubhakaH ka0 bhale pradhAna gaNaiM karInai sahita, sAdhuka sAdhu rupa kamala vikasAvAnai viSaiM caMdramA, sAsAMna, pre0 ka0 budhe karI vRhaspati, punaH barakaH pradhAna kalpavRkSa, dharmaka0 ka0 dharmanai viSai akSobhya ba. ka. pradhAna, zrIma0 ka. zrIpUjya varasiMha RSi pradhAna AcArya padai thApau sAdhu mauhe je sAra prAcArya RSi varasiMhanaI hubAMdu. zrIzrI ka. zrIpUjyevara0 ka. pradhAna prAcArya varasiMha sahita, stra0 ka. kapadezana viSai zIghra utAvalA kSa0ka0 dayAkarInai-sukhanA devaNahArI,-zRNanagaranaI viSaI, darza0ka0 darzananI vAMchA karai chai saMgha. tasmA0 tiNaI kAraNai saphala manoratha zIghra karau // zrIrastu. saMvata 1641 varSe vaizAkha vadi amAvazyAyAM. somavAsare bibhItaka grAme likhitaM muni moTAkena // cha / likhAvataM R0 5 jayamalajI // 10. laghu barasiMghajI-sAdar3I nivAsI osavAla, pitA jhAjhaNa, mAtA sundara bAI, janma saM0 1586, dIkSA solahaveM varSa saM0 1606 sirohI, padasthApana saM0 1627 ahamadapura, sAThaveM varSa meM jasavaMtajI ko saM0 1646 sojata meM dIkSA dI, 12 varSa taka guru-ziSya sAtha meM vicare. saM0 1662 meM mAhI pUrNimA ke dina anazana dvArA khaMbhAla meM dehotsarga. sva0 mohanalAla bhAI desAI ne apane 'jainagUrjara kavio' bhAga 3 pRSTha 2206 para inakA svarga sthAna usamApura, sojata yA dillI batAyA hai. 11. jasavaMtajI-rAjasthAna prAntAntargata zuddhadaMtIpura-sojata-ke nivAsI osavAla loMkar3a gotrIya, pitA parabata, mAtA sahodarA, janma saM0 1634, dIkSA saM0 1646 mAha sudi 13 sojata, saM0 1688 magasira pUrNimA ko rUpasiMha ko ahamadapura nagara meM svapada para sthApita kiyA. abhI taka gujarAtI lukAgaccha meM jitane bhI saMyamI mahApuruSa hue haiM una saba meM jasavaMtajI adhika prabhAvazAlI vyakti jAna par3ate haiM. inhoMne rAjasthAna gujarAta aura saurASTra meM vihAra kara jinazAsana kI mahatI prabhAvanA kI. inakA ziSyaparivAra vizAla aura vidvAn graMthakAra thA. saMgharSamUlaka yuga meM, jahAM cAroM ora dharma ke nAma para amAnavIya tattvoM kA poSaNa hotA ho, vahAM eka saMpradAya ke AcArya kA itanA vyApaka prabhAva isa bAta kA paricAyaka hai ki vaha saMyama kI sAdhanA ke sAtha pANDitya-guNasamanvita vyaktitvasaMpanna vijJa the. jJAna aura cAritra kI samanviti hI saMtako jana-mAnasa meM pratiSThita karatI hai. A ATTRACM AMRAAT RAINE VEDIA Immam Jo CONTIMURNAL lbull WALA AN ____Jain Educause S For Private areMOMSeroily
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________________ muni kAntisAgara : loMkAzAha kI paraMparA aura usakA ajJAta sAhitya : 221 AcArya tejasiMha ne paramparAnirvAhArtha inakA saMkSipta paricaya anya AcAryoM ke samAna vRddhoM ke mukha se sunakara diyA hai. inake viSaya meM 3 aura kRtiyAM bhI prApta haiM jinameM vistRta vivaraNa upalabdha hai. eka racanA to inakI dIkSA ke 3 varSa bAda hI jIvarAja-ziSya dharmadAsa ne saM0 1652 meM 'jasavaMta muni kA rAsa' nAmaka racI, jisakA paricaya 'jana gUrjara kavio' bhAga 3 pRSTha 816 para diyA hai. anya do kRtiyAM, jo adyAvadhi ajJAta thIM, isa prabaMdha meM sarvaprathama uddhRta kI jA rahI haiM. inase unake jIvana kI aitihAsika ghaTanAoM para abhinava prakAza hI nahIM par3atA apitu bhrAmaka bAtoM kA parimArjana bhI ho jAtA hai. prathama kRti meM inakI dIkSA kA bhavya varNana prastuta kiyA gayA hai. utsAha ke sAtha saMyama grahaNa karane kA nizcaya ho jAne para guruvarya zrIvarasiMghajI ko tathA anya pramukha zrIsaMghoM ko AmaMtrita kiyA jAtA hai aura isa AdhyAtmika samAroha meM bIkAnera, jaisalamera, kAlU, nimbAheDA, ajamera, bagar3I, jayatAraNa, jodhapura Adi nagaroM kA saMgha zraddhA ke sAtha sammilita hotA hai. pitA ne vivAha ke samAna pracura vyaya kara sAMsArika baMdhanoM se jasavaMta ko mukta kara guru ke zrIcaraNoM meM samapita kiyA. dUsarI racanA hai-'jasavaMta cAturmAsa' jisake praNetA haiM AcAryazrI ke ziSya vidyA muni ke ziSya muni mAdhava. inane saM0 1661 kArtika kRSNA 6 guruvAra ko khaMbhAta meM racanA kI. pratilipikAra haiM kartA ke ziSya muni vIrajI. ataH yaha racanA sabhI dRSTiyoM se vizvasta aura prAmANika hai. 64 padyoM kI isa kRti meM AcAryazrI ke sirohI, khaMbhAta, pATaNa, savipura, vaTapadra-bar3audA, ahamadapura, rAjanagara-ahamadAbAda, usamApura, jAlaura, ajamera, AgarA, bagar3I, gundavaca, pIpADa,, dIva, gaurI (?) sudAmApurI-porabandara, aura maMgalapura-mAMgarola Adi cAturmAsoM kA varNana kiyA hai. sUrata ke boharA hApA, vIrajI, burahAnapura ke sAnI mANakadAsa, porabandara ke somajI, maMgalapura ke mAlajI aura ahamadapura ke dharmadAsa va jiNadAsa ke nAma bhI sammilita haiM. prati kisI zraddhAzIla gurubhakta ke liye hI likhI gaI hai, caturdika sundara suzobhana. aura pRSThi to uttama graMtha-citrakalA kI paricAyikA hai. jasavaMtajI ko gudavaca kA 14 vAM cAturmAsa dhArmika dRSTi se vizeSa lAbhaprada siddha huA, vahIM para pethaDa-putra rUpakumAra ko AcAryazrI kI vANI ne apanA banA liyA. saM0 1675 mArgazIrSa zuklA dvAdazI ko dIkSA aMgIkAra kI aura saM0 1688 mArgazIrSa zuklA aSTamI ko svapada para ahamadapura meM sthApita kiyA. apanA AyuSya nikaTa jAnakara saM0 1688 mArgazIrSa pUrNimA ko ATha prahara kA anazana liyA. ahamadapura meM hI dehotsarga huA. 1. aitihAsika sAdhana cAhe atyanta laghutama yA sAmAnya hI kyoM na ho para kisI vastuvizeSa ke sAtha ghaniSTha saMbaMdha nikala lAne para kabhI kabhI itanA krAntikArI aura mArgadarzaka siddha hotA hai ki tadvidoM ko varSoM kI sAdhanoparAnta sthira sammati ko badalanA par3atA hai. sUcita 'jasavaMta cAturmAsU' yadyapi eka vizuddha dhArmika aura vaha bhI sUcanAtmaka kRti hai tathApi upayukta paMktiyAM solaha AnA isa para caritArtha hotI haiM. udAharaNArtha rAjasthAna ke sammAnIya gabeSaka ko gopAlanArAyaNajI baDurA dvArA saMpAdita evaM mahAkavi udayarAja praNIta 'rAjavinoda' ke samIkSAtmaka saMskaraNa meM gujarAta ke zAsaka mahamUda beghar3A kA vi0 saM0 1545 kA dAhodavAlA zilotkIrNa lekha avikala prakAzita hai, isake vivecana meM mitravarya DA0 eca0DI0 sAMkaliyA ne pRSTha 38 para lekhAntargata 'ahamadapura' ko ahamadAbAda mAnane kI saMbhAvanA prakaTa kI hai. prazna hotA hai ki isa nagara kI sthiti kahAM hai ? purAtatva ke anusaMdhAtA ke liye yaha eka pahelI thI. 'jasavaMtacAturmAsa se yaha ulajhana saralatA se sulajha jAtI hai. loMkAgaccha ke AcAryoM kA ima nagara se ghaniSTha saMparka rahA hai. jasavaMtajI ne isa nagara ko kaI bAra pAvana kiyA. 37 vAM caumAsA dIva meM vyatIta kara ahammadapura padhArate haiM, vahAM se khaMbhAta hokara punaH ahammadapura Ate hai. dazavAM cAturmAsa bhI bar3audA hote hue ahammadapura hI karate haiM aura 11 vAM ahamadAbAda. isase spaSTa pramANita hai ki sUcita nagara kI avasthiti khaMbhAta aura bar3audA ke bIca kahI rahI hogI. AcAryazrI kA jaba dehAnta ahammadapura meM huA to sarvaprathama khaMbhAta ke zrAddha pahu~ce aura samucita rUpa se maraNottara vyavasthA kI. ahamadAbAda aura ahammadapura to sarvathA bhinna nagara haiM, kAraNa ki jasavaMta cAturmAsa meM donoM kA migna ullekha spaSTa hai. hAM 'kaDUA mata paTAvalI' ke anusAra ahamadAbAda kA eka upanagara ahamadapura solahavIM zatI meM vikhyA tathA. para vaha bhI sUcita ahammadapura se pRthaka hI thA. saM0 1552 kA eka svatantra ullekha bhI isa nagara ko ahamadAbAda na mAnane ko preraNA detA hai MiniNA Rar Jain Education Intemational
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________________ 222 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya Jiang Hong Huang Rui Di Qi Liu Qi Cha Fei Cha Qi Liang Qi Zhuang Di Luo Luo Luo AcArya tejasiMha dvArA saMvata 1751 meM racita 'guru-guNamAlA bhAsa' meM jasavaMta ke viSaya meM katipaya saMvata bhrAmaka diye haiM jinakA parimArjana apekSita hai. bhAsa meM batAyA gayA hai ki AcAryazrI ne rUpasiMha ko svapada para saM0 1688 mArgazIrSa pUrNimA ko sthApita kiyA aura anazana saM0 1688 mArgazIrSa kRSNA 2 ko grahaNa kiyA, (dekheM guru guNamAlA bhAsa meM jasavaMta bhAsa, saMkhyA 7) jaba ki 'jasavaMta cAturmAsa' aura AcArya ke praziSya muni bAghAjI racita dvArA 'rUpa RSi bhAsa' meM pada sthApana samaya saM0 1688 migasara sudi 8 sUcita kiyA hai aura anazana sudi pUrNimA ko batAyA hai. RSi rUpasIha ni paTTa pApIi mujha mani haraSa apAra, saMbata sola aThAsIi mAgasira zudi aSTamI somavAra / caDhati dina caDhati kalA nija pada dIdhu sAra, -muni mAdhava-jasavaMta cAturmAsa / rUDA rUpasiMha nI padavI parataga dIdha, avirala mUratI aSTamI mAgarasira sudi somavAra / -mAnUM racita rUpasI chaMda / zrI pUjya jasavaMta pada yogya rUpasiMha paraSiyA e, ahamadapura majhAri saMgha samiSyiiM haraSiyA e| saMbata sasi rasa sAra asIya Upari ATha prAganA e, migasara sudi somavAra zrAThimeM tithi guru guNa nilanA e / --vAgha muni praNIta 'rUpaRSi bhAsa' anazana viSayaka uddharaNa isa prakAra hai saMbata sola sAra aThyAsie ahimadapuri e, zrI jasavaMta sujANa aNasaNa nI mati upanI e| pUgyA puruSa pradhAna rUpaRSIsvara guNa nilane e, jo diyo anumati prAraja saMthAro saMgha sArSi karU e| mAgasira sudi punyama jANi pacchima jAmi aNasaNa kayue, -jasabaMta cAturmAsa teha jasavaMta jANIi migasara sudi somavAra, punimi tithi ati niramalI aNasaNa kIdhau udAra / SamAya SamAvi saMghanI valIya vacana ima boli, siddha thayA savi mAharA ciMtavyA surataru toli / -bAgha muni racita bhAsa, uparyukta sabhI uddharaNa tejasiMha kI apekSA adhika vizvasanIya haiM. kAraNa ki ina meM se kaI to AcArya ke ziSya-praziSya dvArA racita racanAeM haiM. mAdhava to pratyakSadarzI hI the. jaba ki tejasiMha kA AdhAra pAramparika janazruti rahA hai. saMvat 1552 varSe vaisAkha vadi 2 zukre zrI ahamadapure bAdazAha muhamada vijayarAjye' bhUvanezvarI pITha-granthasUcI, pR0 20, goMDala. jaina-granthoM kI prazasti aura lekhanapuSTikAoM meM ahammadapura kA ullekha ahamadAbAda se bhinna hI AtA hai. vastutaH Aja usakI bhaugolika avasthiti kahAM aura kisa maMDala meM hai, yaha anveSaNIya haiM. COM .. . ... . . . . OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO.......... Jain Education Intemational
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________________ Jain Educato muni kAntisAgara loMkAzAha kI paraMparA aura usakA ajJAta sAhitya : 223 jIvarAjajI - prasaMgataH yahA~ eka aise kavi kA paricaya denA Avazyaka jAna par3atA hai jo adyAvadhi upekSita rahA aura lokAgaccha ke sAhityakAroM meM jisakA apanA svatantra sthAna hai. merA tAtparyaM somajI ziSya kavi jIvarAjajI se hai. inakA nAma kisI bhI prakAzita jaina itihAsa viSayaka kRti meM nahIM AyA hai. AcArya jasavaMta kI vidyamAnatA meM hI inane paryApta khyAti arjita kara lI hogI, para paTTAvaliyoM meM to vahI sthAna pAtA hai jo sampradAya kA netA ho yA kisI viziSTa ghaTanA se jisakA sIdhA sambandha rahA ho. sAmAnya munijana, cAhe pratibhAsampanna hI kyoM na ho, kA ullekha sambhava hI nahIM. ina paMktiyoM ke lekhaka kI dRSTi meM jIvarAja vaha muni aura kavi hai jisane lokAgacchIya paramparA ko samujjvala kiyA hai. yadyapi inhoMne koI bRhadAkAra kRti kA sarjana nahIM kiyA, na ve AcArya pada se samalaMkRta the, para ina sabase adhika mahattvapUrNa kArya hai inakI jina cauvosI kI racanA, jo isa sampradAya kA gaurava hai. yoM to aura bhI bhaktimUlaka jIvana ke abhilASiyoM ne prabhu ke caraNoM meM Atma-nivedana svarUpa stutiparaka racanAeM avazya kI hoMgI, para jIvarAjajI kA isa dizA meM jo prayAsa hai vaha apane DhaMga kA akelA hI hai. isa eka hI kRti ne kavi ko guNamUlaka paramparA ke kAraNa amaratva pradAna kiyA hai, kavi AtmavRtta para mauna hai. kevala eka sthAna para apane guru somajI kA nAma nirdeza kiyA hai. vaiyaktika jIvana, dIkSA Adi sabhI kucha bhautika paricaya timirAcchanna hai. para unakI vANI unake hArda aura Urjasvala vyaktitva kA paricaya bhalI bhA~ti de detI hai. vastutaH sAhityikoM kA jIvana-mApadaNDa unakI kRtiyAM hI hotI haiM - jinameM jIvana ke vividha anubhavoM kA saMcaya surakSita rahatA hai. inakI cauvIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI stutiyoM kA saMgraha mere hastalikhita citkoza meM hai. ise dekhate hue to yahI patA lagatA hai ki kavi ko cauvIsI likhane kA vicAra nahIM thA, jaba kucha stavana race gaye to bAda meM avaziSTa tIrthaMkaroM ke stavana bhI sammilita kara cauvIsI kA rUpa de diyA, yaha maiM isaliye likha rahA hUM ki jina stavanoM meM racanAkAla hai unase yaha vicAra svayaM bana jAtA hai. udAharaNArtha bhagavAn RSabhadeva kA bRhatstavana saM0 1676 kI racanA hai to mahAvIrastavana saM0 1675 kI kRti hai. AnaMdaghana aura devacaMdajI ke stavanoM meM jitanI Atmaparaka bhAvanAeM prasphuTita huI haiM utanI anyatra nahIM. AdhyAtmika bhAvoM kA uddIpana hI to bhakti meM vAMchanIya hai. isake viparIta kevala AkAMkSAoM ko balavatI banAne kI bhAvanAoM ko protsAhana denA stuti - sAhitya ke liye kalaMka hai. jIvarAjajI kI cauvIsI ina apavAdoM se pare hai. isameM kevala tIrthaMkaroM ke guNoM kA hI vizad vivecana hai. saiddhAntika dRSTi se yaha kRti anupama hai. cauvIsiyoM meM prAyaH dekhA gayA hai ki eka hI geya pada meM eka stavana samApta ho jAtA hai, para isa kI vizeSatA hai ki eka hI tIrthaMkara kA stavana kaI DhAloM meM hai. RSabhadeva stavana 75 gAthAoM meM hai. jina stavanoM meM racanAkAla hai unakA aitihAsika dRSTi se thor3A mahatva hone se uddharaNa denA Avazyaka jAna par3atA hai-1. AdinAtha stavana kA antima bhAga saMvat sola chihattarA bara zrAvaNa cAvela) caumAsi mana ullasiM ka je bhAve bhaNasaI nitya thuNasaI siddha joDI haraSa koDI guNa jaMpai RSi stavana thAya tasa kara vIra stavana - anta bhAga sudi paMcamI sAra e / ravivAra e / kAja jIvarAja e // saMvata sola paMcottarA varaSe ASAr3ha suda dasamI sAra e zukravAre tavana racyu jetapura nagara makAra e RSi somajI sadA sobhAgI jehano jasa pAra e tAsa sevaka RSi jIvarAja japai sakala saMgha jayakAra e / / e / 300300301300300300300303003083030300302302308 30 2306 Rra hara hara hara ha y.org
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________________ 30003208308305 306306306530030230303030 224 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : prathama adhyAya candraprabhu stavana saMvat sosiyo bhAdracA sudi AThama sAra e maMgalavAre tana kIdhu bAlApura makAra e // galla bhAva zrANI bhagati jANI, tavana bhAi je eka manA / kara joDI jIvarAja bolai kAja sarasai sapta jina stavana // nilo / sattamo jinavara udaya dinakara sobhAgI mahimA bhagati virada jehaneM anya svAmI tribhUvana tijo // saMvata sola ugaNAsI baraSe vijayadazamI somavAra e / bAhAdarapura mAMhe tavana kIdhu bhaNatAM suragatAM jayakAra e // subuddhi ANI sahaja bANI jina taNAM guNa bhASI e / RSi somajIcA sIsa jIvarAja bole dayA taNAM phala dASI e // ina uddharaNoM se kavi ke vihArapradeza para bhI prakAza par3atA hai. kavi kaba taka jIvita rahe, yaha kahanA kaThina hai, para itanA asaMdigdha tathya hai ki saM0 1704 taka vidyamAna the jaisA ki uparyukta mahatvapUrNa guTake kI eka kRti dIpAvalI- svAdhyAya ( jo isI kavi kI racanA hai aura inhIM ke ziSya lAlajI dvArA pratilipita hai) se jJAta hotA hai. prazna hotA hai ki ye somajI kauna the ? dharmasiMhajI kI paramparA meM eka somajI kA nAma AtA hai, para kavi-kAla ko dekhate hue to vaha paryApta paravartI jAna par3ate haiM. saMbhava hai ki rUpasiMha yA jasavaMtajI kAlika koI muni rahe hoM. 12 rUpasiMha jI osavAla sAhalecA gotrIya, pitA sAha pathaDa mAtA kanakAMde, janma saM0 1658, saMyamagrahaNa saM0 1675 mArgazIrSa zuklA dvAdazI guruvAra, padasthApana saM0 1668 mArgazIrSa zuklA aSTamI somavAra ahamadapura, saM0 1667 ASADha kRSNA 10 kizanagar3ha meM svargavAsa. isI prabaMdha meM rUpaRSi ke prazaMsAtmaka 3 gIta diye haiM, jinameM prathama mAnUM kRta ( racanAkAla saM0 1771 ke pUrva kA hai) dUsarI racanA inhIM ke ziSya praziSya bhojarAja aura bAgha muni kI hai. aitihAsika dRSTi se inakA vizeSa mUlya hai. rUpaRSi ke jIvana paTa para vistRta prakAza DAlanevAlI sAmagrI atyalpa hI hai, tathApi jo bhI tAtkAlika sphuTa ullekha haiM inase unakA vaiziSTya jhalakatA hai. inase pUrvakAlika AcArya saMskRta ke kitane vidvAn aura sAhityasevI the ? kahane ke sAdhana nahIM hai, para rUpaRSi saMskRta sAhitya se bhalIbhA~ti paricita rahe haiM, yaha eka asaMdigdha tathya hai. inake dvArA racita "nAmamAlA" saMskRta bhASA meM gumphita prApta hai jisakA paricaya yahA~ karAyA jA rahA hai praNamya pramodena nimra dhanArtha, prasiddha guru kIrtimaMta cidarthaM / hAsya vyapAThI prathayAmi kAvyeraha nAmamAvo // 1 // dayomuktidharmo ca tIrthaMkarasyA, caturviMzatizcAhaMtAMjJAtaputraH / catustriMzadevAdhibuddhAtizeSA, RSizcopavAsomatiH svAmi maune // 2 // X X X zrItu kAgacchati zrI pUjyavara siMha padmabhUSaNa zrISarI gahi ziSya rUpakRtanAmamAlAyAM saMkSiptavAdaH // dayA nAma dayA 1 vimukti 2 mahatI 3 vibhUti 4 / naMdi 5 pramodaH 6 samitizca 7 zAMti | kalyANa kIrti 10 rati 11 kAMti 12 bhadrA 13 puSTi 14 pratiSThA 15 ca viziSTa dRSTi 16|| 13 // X
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________________ Lu Wei Jiang Jiang Ke Jiang Tan Qi Qi Zheng Ye Cha Cha Zhang Nuo Qi Qi Zhu Zhang Liang muni kAntisAgara : loMkAzAha kI paraMparA aura usakA ajJAta sAhitya : 225 zrAzvAsa 17 vizvAsa 18 zivAni 16zako 20, labdhi 21 vizuddhayA 22 yatane 23 ca patA 24 / buddhi 25 smRdhi 26 virati 27 samAdhi : 28 strANaM 26 zuciH 30 saMyama 31 saMvarau ca 32 // 14 // gati 33 sugupti 34 dvayasAya 35 yajJau 36, dvIpa 37 zcadIpa : 38 zaraNaM 36 tvahiMsA 40 / nirvANa 41 zole 42 bimalaprabhAsA 43, sthitiH 44 : zubhAMgA 45 yajanaM 46 ca rakSA 47 // 15 // anAzrayo 48 nivRtti 46 rapramAdo 50 dhuti 51 zcatRpti 12 yatanaM ca pajA 14 / Rdvi 55 zcavRddhi 56 : karuNo 57 chayo 58 ca kSati 56 zcabodhi 6. svapimaMgalaM ca 61 // 16 // kRpA 62 catukroza 6 ghRNA 64 nukaMpA 65 // anta bhAgagrAsa nAmagrAsa 1 zcapiMDa 2 kabalo gaDola : 4 zrAdi nAmaAdi 1 zcapUrva 2 prathamA 3 dimAni // 25 // itizrIlu kAgacchatilakatulya zrIpUjyavarasiMhapaTTabhUSaNa zrIyazasvigaNi ziSya rUpakRta nAmamAlAyAM vistaraH pravAda : sampUrNaH ||ch| inameM 125 zlokoM meM kavi ne lokapracalita nAmoM kA samAveza kara diyA hai. aisA pratIta hotA hai ki apane sAdhuoM ke jJAnavaddha nArtha hI isakI sRSTi huI hai. racanA sundara hai aura isakA prakAzana vAMchanIya hai. isake atirikta sphuTa stavana bhI prApta haiM jinakI saMkhyA eka darjana lagabhaga hai. rUpaRSi ke sampradAya ke muni rAmadAsa ne saM0 1663 jyeSTha kRSNA 13 sAraMgapura (mAlavA) meM "puNyapAla rAsa" nirmita kiyA. isa kRti kI aMtima prazasti meM apane pUrvAcAryoM kI vistRta nAmAvalI dI hai. kavi catura bhI isI paramparA ke haiM jinakI racanA "caMdanamalayAgiri rAsa" (ra0 kA0 saM0 1771) prApta hai. anusaMdhAna karane para anya kavi bhI upalabdha ho sakate haiM. 13 dAmodarajI- ajayameru-ajamera nivAsI, loDhA gotrIya, pitA ratanasiMha-ratanazAha mAtA ratnAde, janma saM0 1672 dIkSA saM0 1689 jyeSTha zuklA 7, padasthApana saM0 1667 ASADha kRSNA 6, svargagamana saM0 1667 mAha sudI 13. satIcaMda nAmaka kisI muni ne inakA chaMda likhA hai. kavi ne prArambha meM lokAzAha dvArA saM0 1528 meM pustaka-vAMcanA kI carcA kara saM0 1531 meM "loMkAgaccha" kI sthApanA batAI hai. dAmodarajI ajamera nivAsI hone ke kAraNa kavi ne vahA~ ke prasiddha sthAnoM kA varNana kiyA hai. jaba chanda hI uddhRta kiyA jA rahA hai taba varNana kA piSTapeSaNa vyartha hai. isameM aitihAsika tathya kevala itanA hI hai ki inakI dIkSA kizanagar3ha meM huI thI aura chandakAra ne dIkSAtithi jyeSTha sudi 5 sUcita kI hai jaba anyatra 7 kA ullekha hai. AcArya pada bhI inheM kizanagar3ha meM hI milA jisameM vahA~ ke veNIdAsa Adi zrAvakoM ne vizeSa bhAga liyA. kavi ne apanA samayasUcaka koI spaSTa ullekha nahIM kiyA hai, para "sAhijihAM taNI jihAM rAI" zabdoM se patA calatA hai ki yaha racanA unake samaya meM arthAt saM0 1684-1715 ke madhya bhAga meM huI hogI. aura vicAra karane para patA lagatA hai ki isameM dAmodarajI ke AcArya pada kI carcA bhI hai aura unakA AcAryatvakAla atyanta sImita rahA hai. ataH ina bAtoM se anumAna to yahI hotA hai ki nizcita rUpa se inakA racanAkAla lagabhaga saM0 1667 hI honA cAhie. chanda para bhASA kI dRSTi se DiMgala kA prabhAva parilakSita hotA hai. kavitA sAragarbhita aura bhAvoM se otaprota hai. dAmodarajI ke ziSya khetA kI do racanAe~ dhannArAsa (ra0 kA0 saM0 1732 vairATa, mevADa) aura anAthI muni kI DhAle (ra0 kA0 saM0 1745) upalabdha haiM. Jain Education inte wimireofary.org
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________________ KEENTERTAINMENMEHREERE 226 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya 14 karmasiMha-ye mahArAja dAmodarajI ke bar3e bhAI the. janma saM0 1666, dIkSA saM0 1688, padasthApana saM0 1667 mAha sudi 13 (dAmodara jI ke anantara) svargavAsa saM0 1668 mAha sudi 6 khaMbhAta. dAmodarajI aura karmasiMha ke astitvakAla meM jayatAraNa meM dhanarAja muni ne ina donoM ke viruddha hokara apanA svatantra pakSa sthApita kiyA thA jisakA ullekha kavi satIcanda aura AcArya zrItejasiMhajI bhI karate haiM. dhanarAja kI ziSyaparamparA meM kaI-AsakaraNajI' barddhamAnajI aura kavi dIpo-dIpacanda-Adi hue haiM. inakI racanAe~ mere saMgraha meM surakSita haiM. ye saba sundara aura supAThya granthoM ke prati-lekhaka bhI the. karmasiMha kA AcAryatva kAla atyanta maryAdita rahA hai ataH kavi tejasiMha donoM baMdhuoM kA paricaya eka hI padya meM dekara saMtuSTa ho gaye. vaha samaya, jaisA ki Upara batAyA gayA hai, bar3A saMgharSa kA thA. dhanarAja ne phira Age cala kara sUrata jAkara ApasI mela-milApa bhI kara liyA thA jisakA vistRta varNana kisI lokAgacchIya ajJAta paTTAvAlI ke AdhAra para sva0 mohanalAla dalIcanda desAI ne "sUryapara no svarNayuga" kI vidvattApUrNa bhUmikA meM diyA hai. 15 kezavajI-jayatAraNa nivAsI osavAla pitA netasI mAtA navaraMgade, janma saM0 1675, dIkSA nau vyaktiyoM ke sAtha saM0 1686 jyeSTha sudi 7, pada sthApanA kAla saM0 1668 mAha sudi 6, svargagamana saM0 1720 ASAr3ha kRSNA 9 kolade meM. sUrata ke pramukha zrAvaka voharA vIrajI ko likhakara gacchabhAra saMbhalAyA thA. "loMkAgacchIya bar3e pakSa kI paTTAvalI" meM inakA dIkSAsthAna kolade likhA hai aura 15 dina kA saMthArA pacakhane kA vivaraNa hai. inakA gotra koThArI thA. kezavajI ke samaya meM bhI paryApta sAmpradAyika saMgharSa rahA, usa samaya kI mImAMsA yahA~ na to abhISTa hai aura na sthAna hI hai, para itanA kahanA samucita hogA ki loMkAgaccha kI samasta zAkhAoM ke lie yaha kAla bar3A hI kaThina rahA. yahA~ taka ki rAjasthAna aura gujarAta ke prAntIya bheda aura dhArmika jIvanayApana-paddhati jaisI vastu bhI samIkSA kA viSaya bana cukI thI. merA to mAnanA hai ki eka prakAra se yaha yuga utkarSa kA bhI thA, kAraNa ki AlocanA aura virodha meM hI vikAsa ke bIja hote haiM. jisa sampradAya kA jitanA adhika virodha hogA, vaha utanA hI pragatigAmI banegA. AcArya kezavajI kI prazaMsA meM ravi muni ne jo gIta likhe haiM ve Age uddhRta kiye gaye haiM. inhIM muni ne saM0 1781 meM bhI do bhAsa AcAryazrI ke bAlApura ke zrIsaMgha ke Agraha se likhe the, para isa samaya ve mere samsukha nahIM haiM, prayatna karane para bhI upalabdha na ho sake. ataH anta bhAga dekara hI saMtoSa karanA par3a rahA hai saMvaMta satarazazi basu samai re, ravimuni kahai ullAsa / bAlApura nI re saMghanI vInatoha kIdhI bhAsa / / 8 / / x zrIbAlApura mana raMga to ravimuni bhAsa banAi // 1 // ina racanAoM se ravimuni kA samaya svataH sthira ho jAtA hai. kezavajI bhASAkAra ke rUpa meM khyAti ajita kara cuke haiM. inane "dazAzrutaskaMdha" aura "dazavakAlika sUtra" para bAlAvabodha likhe haiM. rAjasthAna prAcyavidyA pratiSThAna ke hastalikhita graMthasaMgraha meM eka prati hai jisameM kRta padyoM kA saMkalana batAyA jAtA hai. isakI aMtima puSpikA isa prakAra hai 1. inane saMvat 1704 meM udayapura cAturmAsa vyatIta kiyA thA. usa samaya kI 'saMthArApayannA' bAlAvabodha kI eka hastalikhita prati mere saMgraha meM hai jisakI lekhanapuSpikA isa prakAra hai"saMvata 1704 varSe bhAdrapada mAse zuklapakSe SaSTyAM tithau zukravAsare // udaipura madhye rANAzrIjagatsiMvajI rAjye kaMvara zrIrAjakumAra ciraM bhUyAt || AcArya zrI AsakaraNajI vidyamAnena || udaipuramadhye cAturmAsika kAritaM tena lipikArApitaM ||zrA0 deraMgA / / "prati bahuta hI jIrNa haiM". --SAIRAPE Jain Educ Bary.org
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________________ muni kAntisAgara : loMkAzAha kI paraMparA aura usakA ajJAta sAhitya : 227 "iti zrImadAcAryajI zrI 6 kezavajI kRtAni kAvyAni // lipikRtaM pUjyaRSi zrI somajI cacchiSya pu0 RSi zrI: mahirAjI RtsiSya pU0 RSizrIToDarajI tatsipya pavitrAtmA zrI 5 bhImajI tacchiSyeNa muni dAmAkhyeNAlekhi | zubhaM zreyaH saMvadvasugaganasamudracandravarSe (saM0 1708) kArtikamAse trayodazIguruvAsare rANapure lipikRtvA pratiriyaM zubhaM shreyH|| -rAja0 prA0 granthasUcI bhAga 2 pRSTha 305, jodhapura. ye gIta vastuta: kezavajI racita haiM yA kyA? vinA mUla prati kA avalokana kiye kucha bhI kahanA sambhava nahIM. puSpikAntargata muniyoM kI anya pratilipita racanAe~ bhI ina paMktiyoM ke lekhaka ke saMgraha meM surakSita haiM. bhImajI dAmAjI ke guru the, kezavajI ziSya mahIrAja ke praziSya aura tejamuni ke guru the. tejamuni kRta "caMdarAjA kA rAsa" (ra0 kA0 saM0 1707 kArtika, rANapura) upalabdha hai. eka hIrAnanda nAmaka kavi kI racanAe~ saM0 1770 pAI jAtI haiM, para nizcita rUpa meM nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki ye kisa kezavajI ke ziSya the ? kAraNa ki kaMvarajI pakSa meM bhI eka kezavajI kA ullekha milatA hai, jo apanI zAkhA ke 13 veM AcArya the. yahA~ para prasaMgataH vivakSita 15 veM paTTadhara kezavajI ke eka ziSya kavi bAla kRta bAvanI kA paricaya denA isa liye anivArya hai ki yaha racanA sarvathA ajJAta aura anyatra anullikhita hai. isakA racanAkAla saM0 1715 hai ataH AcArya zrI kI vidyamAnatA meM hI praNIta hai. racanA ke prAraMbhika bhAga meM saMkSepa meM kavi ne AtmIyoM kI paramparA dI hai. usameM jasavaMta RSi ke ziSya-paTTadhara prabhAvasaMpanna AcArya rUpasiMhajI kA nAma nahIM hai, yaha eka Azcarya hai. yadyapi unake samaya meM aisI koI avAMchanIya ghaTanA bhI nahIM ghaTI, phira bhI unakA nAma na honA khaTakatA hai. jaina sAhitya meM saMkhyAvAcaka kRtiyoM kA bAhulya rahA hai. balki kahanA yaha cAhie ki etadviSayaka paramparA ko jitanA protsAhana aura preraNA jaina muniyoM ne dI hai, zAyada hI kisI ne kalpanA taka kI ho. loMkAgaccha ke sAhityakAroM meM itaH pUrva bAlacaMda aura kizana muni ne saphala prayAsa kiyA thA jaisA ki Upara kI paMktiyoM se spaSTa ho cukA hai. unhIM ke anukaraNa svarUpa kavi bAla kA yaha suprayatna jAna par3atA hai. isakI bhASA hindI aura bhAva AdhyAtmika rasa se otaprota haiM. janatA ke dainika jIvana kI zuddhi para vizeSa bala diyA gayA hai. isakA Adi aura anta bhAga isa prakAra hai / padya 56 / kartA kavi bAla |sN 1715 Azvina zuklA 5 / oMkAra anaMta alakha avagata avanAsI / akapaTa amiTa aghaTa apragaTa pada jota prakAsI // nara suravara rAjendra AMna cita aMtarai Avai / asarana sarana nAtha nAtha anya nAtha na bhAvai // saMsAra pAra taTa pAmIzro uttama jasa jaMpe avara / devAdhideva bhva sayameva ziva so suprasana kezava sugara // 1 // namo sAdhu nikalaMka mAMna bhIdA sUya bhambhala / nuna bhIma guru namo anaga mago jina agala / jagamala sarakho jati namo rUpA jIvA RSi / siMgha ve jasavaMtasIha namo dAmodara dIpaka daSpa / / karmasIha namo SoTe kalau sukhadAyaka surataru samau / gacha tilaka gujjaragachai nara nAyaka kezava namo // 2 // mahiyala dhana marudharA utanacha paiyApura ASAM / usa vaMsa avatAra sohai caurAsI sASAM // koThArI kAsipa gotra gaDhapati garathe / ucitApati apIyA hema haya vara laSa hathe / / zrAcAra sura Age lagai dAtArA upama deu / pragaTAyA tIyArAM paTatare vIsalane togA deu // 3 // sirahara bali saMpano tiye kulameM kalapataru / subha kara suta netasI saMgha sikirA varasa ghara / navaraMgade tA nAma prIyA satya sIla pIyArI / uyare teNa upanau kuMyara kezava sukhakArI / / supanarAMka saMsAra sukha-suvele saMjama lIyau / kamasI sugara kezava ne dhaMma gachapati thapIyo // 4 // anta kahai bAla suguru kezava taNI bAvana akSara bAvanI ||5shaa satarA saya saMvata varasa panarA vaSANu / hailA bhAsa zrAsauja zukala paMcama zubha jaannu|| Jain Edonarona Srary.org
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________________ 228 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya ERERSEANINMNNNNAMK H zubha mahUrata somavAra suNata bhaNaMta suSa karaMtA / gachapatinAM guNa mANa mAlahadi pahire duSa haraMtA // zrAcArya kezava IlA abala sukavi bAla sad guru varNa / oMkAra prAdi bAvana akSara sakala saMgha maMgala karNa / 16. gaNi tejasiMha---paMceTiyA nivAsI, osavAla chAjeDa gotrIya, pitA lakhamaNa mAtA lakhamAde, dIkSA saM0 1706, (lokAgaccha paTTAvalI meM inakA saMyama-grahaNa-sthAna jayapura batAyA gayA hai, para vaha galata hai kAraNa ki jayapura kI sthApanA hI saM0 1784 meM huI hai) pada sthApanA saM0 1721 baisAkha sudi 7 guruvAra, svargagamana saM0 1751 ke bAda. yadyapi dezAI mahodaya ne inakA svargavAsa saM0 1743 mAnA hai para inakI racanAoM se pramANita hai ki saM0 1751 taka ye jIvita the. gaNivarya tejasiMha ko itihAsa ke prati viziSTa anurAga thA. apanI racanAoM meM bhI vaha racanAkAla, sthAna aura kisa kI abhyarthanA se kisa kRti kA srajana kiyA Adi bAtoM kA ullekha karane meM kama cUke haiM. isase inake jIvanapaTa para bhI sAmAnya prakAza par3A hai aura phailI huI bhrAntiyoM kA parimArjana huA hai. yadyapi inakI racanAeM sAhityika dRSTi se utanI mahattvapUrNa nahIM haiM, para sAmAnya jaina zraddhAluoM ko unase mArgadarzana milatA hai. Atmazuddhi aura jIvanadarzana ke svara karNagocara hote haiM. inakI sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa aura itihAsa kI dRSTi meM viziSTa mUlya rakhane vAlI kRti "guruguNamAlA bhAsa" hai jo isa nibaMdha kI preraka zakti rahI hai. isakI prApti mujhe saM0 1663 ke mere sUrata cAturmAsa daramyAna tatrastha eka prabhAvazAlI parivAra se huI thI. sAtha hI kaI sphuTa racanAeM, jinakA saMbaMdha sthAnakavAsI paramparA se rahA thA, upalabdha huIM. dUsarI prati saM0 1771 ke sthAnakavAsI paramparA ke muniyoM dvArA pratilipita guTake meM prApta huI. inhIM ke AdhAra para sva0 mohanalAla dalIcaMda dezAI ne apane jaina gurjara kavio meM loMkAgaccha kI paTTAvalI dI hai. kavi ne pUrvajoM se sunakara pUrvAcAryoM kA itivRtta lipibaddha kara jaina itihAsa kI eka kAla vizeSa se saMbaddha ghaTanAvalI ko surakSita rakhA. yadyapi isameM Aye ullekhoM ko tAtkAlika anyAnya aitihAsika sAdhanoM ke prakAza meM vizleSaNa karane para kucha tathya saMdigdha pratIta hue, para isase kRti kA mahattva kama nahIM hotA aura na gaNivarya ke prayAsa para hI AMca AtI hai. rUpasiMha se lagAkara 16 veM pATa taka kA vyavasthita varNana eka sthAna para prApta honA anyatra durlabha hI hai. isa racanA ke atirikta bhI "27 pATa svAdhyAya" nAmaka eka aura racanA saM0 1734 meM racI thI, para mujhe isakA kevala aMtima patra hI prApta ho sakA hai pATa satAvIsa e kahyA re jinazAsana ke muNiMda / adhika pratyaya muMhatA taNo nathamala suta re bhAgacaMda hIracaMda ki / saMvata satara cotIsa meM re gaNiguNa gAyA caumAsa / vInatI hIrAcaMda nI sahI ratanapurI sadA sukhavAsa // inakI gurjara girA meM parigumphita racanAoM kA paricaya jaina gurjara kavio meM A cukA hai, tadanantara katipaya navya kRtiyAM mere saMgraha meM isa prakAra upalabdha haiM--- 1 harivaMzotpatti rAsa, 2 suvidhi jina sAdhanA, 3 solaha svapna sajjhAya (saM0 1733 Azvina kRSNA 14 RSi dAmAjI ziSya manohara dvArA pratilipita) 4 svAdhyAya, 5 pratikramaNa svAdhyAya, tamAkhU svAdhyAya Adi. inakI racanAoM se patA calatA hai ki inakA vihAra pradeza bahuta hI vistRta thA, mevAr3a, mAravADa, mAlavA aura gujarAta ke pramukha nagaroM kA ullekha svakRtiyoM meM kiyA hai. saMskRta bhASA meM racita inakA eka 'dRSTAnta zataka' nAmaka graMtha bhI upalabdha hai-jisakI antya prazasti isa prakAra hai"saMvata 1768 varSe kArtika sudi 14 dine vAra maMgale. saM0 1840 kArtika vadi 30. zrIlaMkAkhyagaNe gaNIzvaraguruH zrIkezavAnte sthitaH ziSyeNAzu kRtaM varaM nijadhiyA dRSTAntakAnAM zatam =&RA Jain EduRE C w.jainelibrary.org
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________________ muni kAntisAgara loMkAzAha kI paraMparA aura usakA ajJAta sAhitya : 223 chaMdo'laMkRtizabdazAstrarahitaM kAvyaM yadA nirmitaM sunitejasaMgaNibhidhIre ziSyaM paraiH // 102 // rAjasthAna prAcyavidyA pratiSThAna, jodhapura ke hastalikhita graMthoM kI sUcI meM 'jJAnaprakAza stabaka' tejasiMha kRta sUcita hai, para mUla prati ke binA nirIkSaNa kaise kahA jAya ki vaha isI tejasiMha dvArA praNIta hai yA anya kisI dvArA. inakI racanAoM ke AdhAra para kahA jA sakatA hai ki tejasiMha kA sAhitya sAdhanA kAla saM0 1711 se 1751 ke lagabhaga rahA hai. saM0 1751 kA ullekha eka sajjhAya meM ina zabdoM meM huA hai-- saMvata satara ekAvanAM varaSe kahe tejasiMha gaNadhArI / dIva nagara saMgha dIpato dharamI neM dhanadhArI // inake praziSya tejapAla 'ratnapaMcabIsI' aura 'ratnacUDa cau0' (20 kA0 saM0 1735) ke praNetA the. inake samaya meM aura kezavajI ke AcAryatva kAla meM pUrvolikhita dhanarAja Adi 3 muni voharA vIrajI ke suprayatna se sUrata meM Akara gaccha meM sammilita hue. dhanarAja ke saMtAnIya dIpa muni sudarzana rAsa, guNakaraMDa cau0 aura dhamAra ( mere saMgraha meM, kulaitha nagare racita) ke praNetA the. 17 kAnajI -- nADolAI ke osavAla pitA kacarA mAtA jagIsA. inakA saMyama grahaNa samaya anupalabdha hai, devamuni racita bhAsa meM kevala itanA hI saMketa hai ki bAlyakAla meM dIkSita ho cuke the. inakI kRtiyAM aupadezika hI milatI haiM. eka sthUlabhadra svAdhyAya (padya 15 ) mere saMgraha meM hai. inake samaya meM gAMgajI muni ne saM0 1761 meM ratnasAra tejasAra rAsa, saM0 1761 meM rANapura meM jaMbU svAdhyAya kA nirmANa kiyA. inhIM ke ziSya dAma vara siMha ne saM0 1766 meM navatatva caupAI racI. tadanantara bhImasena sujANa aura mahAnaMda Adi muniyoM ne gujarAtI meM kaI kRtiyAM vinirmita kI. kAnajI ke bAda tulasIdAsajI, jagarUpajI, jagajIvanajI, megharAjajI, somacaMdajI, harakhacaMdajI, jayacaMdajI, kalyANacaMdajI, khUbacaMdajI aura nyAyacaMdajI AcArya hue, vistAra bhaya se inakA nAmollekha hI paryApta samajhA gayA. kuMvarajI pakSa, dharmasiMhajI, RSi aura dharmadAsajI Adi kI paramparA kA itihAsa bhI gauravapUrNa rahA hai aura inake muniyoM ne samaya-samaya para jaina saMskRti ke vikAsa meM yoga bhI diyA hai, para una sabhI kA navya mUlyAMkana sImita samaya aura sAdhana dvArA saMbhava nahIM. merI maryAdA kAnajIRSi taka hI sImita thI. yahA~ para lokAzAha ke paravartI muniyoM ke jIvana para mArmika prakAza DAlanevAle jo katipaya kAvya prakAzita kiye jA rahe haiM, inake atirikta bhI sthAnakavAsI muniyoM kI prazasti svarUpa kaI padya likhe gaye haiM, jinakA mAravAr3a aura medapATa se saMbaMdha rahA hai. kisanamuni pUjya lAlacaMdajI, vijayacaMdajI Adi aneka prabhAvazAlI AcArya aura muniyoM dvArA vividha viSayaka sAhitya bhI nirmita huA hai, jo adyAvadhi ajJAta hI rahA hai, para una sabhI kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana prastuta karanA, samaya aura zramasAdhya kArya hai. itanA kaha denA Avazyaka hai ki cAhe jaina saMpradAyoM meM kitanA hI manomAlinya ho, para mevAr3a jaise kaThina bihAra ke pradeza meM sthAnakavAsI-muniyoM ne jaina saMskRti kI vyApaka evaM sArvabhaumika bhAvanAoM ko banAe rakkhA hai. zatAdhika kRtiyoM kI pratilipi kara bhASA sAhitya kI paramparA ko gatimAna kiyA aura apanI aupadezika vANI se jana-mAnasa ko vicArapUrNa krAnti ke liye protsAhita kiyA. jo aitihAsika kAvya upalabdha hue haiM ve mUla rUpa meM isa prakAra haiM- 1 naeNma kavi racita bar3A barasiMgha jI kA chaMda pAsa jiNaMda parama pada pahilo karIsa praNAma / guNa vraNavaM varasaMgha rA neja guNa tAhAri nAMma // yAde anAde pura dIpe gUjara desa / lAgho druma zrAvaka laki pravacana taNeM pravesa || pATaNa Jain Educational 30030303003003003030300300303030300 www.jalnenbrary.org
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________________ 4888888888888839ENXNNXX 230 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya dhUnAM vacana sudhAravA sadhalAM zAstra sudha / jeyana dhrama dekhAiyo bohatAM jana pratibodha / / sudha sAMvadya akhara save bacane kathaAM vIra / panara chatrIse pragaTIsa vacana sudha sarIrIja AMna taNoM / / dhrama jagavo pAMca maiM Are pragaTa pahilo rUpo paaNmiyo| ciMtAmaNi cAritra rUpa rasesara pAyo / utapata ima aMkora kevala bayaNe pragaTa pravacana / puna paDUra jina zAsana sAcau jatI aMtara bheda anaMta / / jIva raSesara je huA moTA puruSa mahanta / nAma leaMtAM nadha nadya saMpata sukha saMsAra / / sevaMtAM sukha Upaja upazama gora aNagAra / mayaNa krodha mAyA machara. durI nivAraNa doSa // svalpa saMtoSI saMyama maliyo, mAraga dAkhaNa moya / kevala bayaNe prasiddha kiya, pohaMce puNya pramANa / jIva RSi jaina zAsana jatI, baDo guNa jAMNI mAyA kAya mohthii| vaza kIdhA munivarajI,jIva RSi je vaDA jtii| koa nahIM evaM kAja jIvaRSIzvara jIvatAM / siyala saMtoSIsukha palaDI grahIa paTina rUpaka barasaMgha rakhi / / barasaMgha rasesara dhAra savAMNe jatIsa re udayo jage eNe jANe / bhalAM guNa antara jANe bheda bacana vicAra laha dAya bheda / / dharA laga dharama na cUMki dhyAna, manIsara mahimA mera samAna / lako jana dharama lihila velAya, kari bhavi eka lagAra / / kaSAya daei dahabIsa meM kadaNa doSa, svalpa AhAra mAne saMtoSa / mamatA mAyA chaMDI moha saMjameM cAsaNa cADhi soha / / IryA suddha leI AhAra AjU na kAliM vaDI aNagAra / hRdaya mUla na ANai rIsa barasaMgha RSa vIsa bAvIsa / / prasiddha mahAvrata pAli paMca naveM tatva' savi jANa saMca / bheda na baMcajau lAkha anaMta jIva ajIva sura paNa sAdhe / / joga sadIva kriyA sudha sAdha nivAraNa krodha abodhaka jIva die pratibodha / na kade na pApa vadhAraNa nAma dharatA pAga na cUMki dhyAna / / joya kara kIDI kuMjara jema niramala kAyA jAta na gema / RSIzvara jIva dayA pratipAla, dina prati vayaNa Apada AMNa / / abhayaja dAna Alohi akha paraja na hAli bhAraMDa paMkha / aDhAre pApa tajeM aparAdha sadA sudha mAraga dAkhi sAdha / / pravacana sUtra sUdra ma pravesa amIrasa vAMNI die upadesa / mala dala kaMda e amalI mAMNa vraNa basa jodha madana vaSAMNa / / ratipati rAva kiyo mana rosa uDoDyA Dhe kama asosa / dalapate Apa anaMga dIvAna dhasaravA pApa kani daravAMna / / kahA je cyAre krodha kaSAya rihituM Agalau surate rAya / vadhAreM krodha kari bhaDavAa rahe lo Agami andra rAha / bhaMjo bhArAye aSADhI bhUta jhItA jUdha prANe vaDA jama dUta // gItAratha moTA gAjI gAtra mAnava taNI tyAhAM keI mAtra / madana kahe RSi choDo mANa pugI koNa musu jodha parAMNa / / Agi varasaMgha kahi aNagAra kaso tuma aNakari ahaMkAra / AgA rakheM saMkara bole agane manAvo tUM nAhAra madana / / KMAILITAR AM (www wwwww 10101010101010 /010101010101 // ololololololoil Jain Education Intemational
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________________ Jain Educ muni kAntisAgara : lokAzAha kI paraMparA aura usakA ajJAta sAhitya : 231 varasaMgha raSe taNIM suNoM vAMNa, madana mahA caDhyo bhaDa prAMNa / ulase Ayau Apa aNaMga jatIsa re sAtha jabaro jaMga || japa RSi varasaMgha jIta jU yAra arihaMta deva taNoM AdhAra / apUrava bhAva aMtara na AMgeM paMca vrata... pavaMga palArNaM // bAji SaTa trIsa vArjitra ghana saji agaM siyala taNo te saMta / sajoDA bhArathe paMca subhata pUisana mAvi triNa gupati // munisara bhoTi judha maMDANa anaMga sare saMkare aNvaasnn...| pravacana sUtra sukhima prahAra dharmacakra navADo vrata dhAra // suddha simAta peTo sAhi madana hi kapa huA mana mohi dITho jIva riSi taNoM prasAha maDI doho vara kiyo madarAa / napesara tujha khami koNa tApa para parajaM vyAsI pApa / chake mayaNa gIo bala chaMDa moTAM su koa na sake mAMDa || jIto varadha huA jikAra sa saba jaMpi sayala saMsAra / kari jana zAsana koDi kalyANa vade paThatrIse vRtta vaSAMNa // kalaza pUjya pratapo saMsAra sayala jIva sukhakArI / uttama riSi aNagAra dhyAna zuddhe vratadhArI // zAsana nadhya sAMnadha vasyo saghaleM khyiAtI / utkRSTo AcAra gaccha vadhajyoM gujarAtI // tAhareM tApi samayA taNAM doSI daha vATe gayA / varasaMgha riSi kavya neMma kahe sadA pratipAlo dayA // iti zrI varasaMghajI ro chaMda / saMvata 1771 varSe caitra mAse kRSNa pakSe caturthI tithau dAphA madhye li0 pU0 R0 zrI velajI tatziSya pU0 R0 zrI kAnha jI tatziSya li0 muni bhojA / bhojA naMdA paThanArthaM // 2 zrAcArya jasavaMta -chaMda zrI jinazAsana salahi e sAdhAM taNAM saMbaMdha, jaina taNAM jANi jakai nara tA nyAMna baMdha // jehA jasavaMta jaMpIe AcAraja aNagAra, vANi amirasa je vayaNa sahu vade saMsAra // jehA jasavaMta jaMpIe AcAraja aNavIha, dhanya mahurati ti dhana ghaDI dhanya velA dhanya dIha || nayarI dhanya navi sAhasI nija nirakhaMta nidhAMna, salahA Avai sArasA uttama puruSa samAna || jahAM evi padhAriyA parabata neM pratherAja, parabata ghare sahodarA ali paDi ama AvAja // udara tihAre UpanI mahI paDi mahimAvaMta, joti mahA dhaNa jAgIyo jina zAsana jasavaMta || raSabha taNA vasIA rade sudhA zAstra sAra, mAMge mAM vitrAMkaneM anumati jasa udAra // chaMda mAtA dIo anumatI tujha guNa navajaso dAkhi / mujha nattha saMsAra rA sukha tyAga cittamAM dhArIyo vairAga // sl 33030030030300301302303 Whe
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________________ Kao Zhu Kao Shen Guan Lu Guan Duan You Li Yi Lu Ban Yang Zhu Di Rong Qi 232 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya bhagavaMta taNo gRhIyo bheda vasudhA bAta e duveva / vadahi mAta suNi jasavaMta avicala nAMNi sukha anaMta / / parabata tAta tanu poho cAla bidvolIla bhAMgabi bAla / kAMku peya ukala moDa dhAre rade bIjA dhoDa / / sajasI sAkha sAhasa ogha jasavaMta tujha baMdhava joddhi / moTA thAharA mosAla sohi haMsa suta zrIpAla / / tima nija so kAyA nyAMna grahIyo rade uttama jJAna / sohie aMgI jako sohAya kAya joNi tAvI e grabhavAsa / mera hara taNAM lAbhe mAMna abhare dAkhi nA vijJAna / mape kamala je dasamAsa rahivo rAtya dIha vadIsa / / jala dala maleM paMca zrIjaMca mAMhi nIjhareM mala-mUtra / machAM jema tucha jala mAMhi teNi tyama kari truphaDI-ha / / ehavAM dukha jAMNi anaMta jaga vaSi jAgIyo jasavaMta / jasavaMta joti ghaNa teNi Ara praNAmi Agali parivAra / / kahIe ghaNu kautuka hAya muMha nAha divyo anamati mAyeM / vadavA vayaNa jivA vAli parisI pUtra bAra pAla / ANaMda upazama dhari Avya tatakSaNa saMgha sahu teDAvya / bhAvanAM ghaNI lakhyAM bhUjya satarA dharA dasamI pUjya / / puNya ro eNi gaccha parasaMga vegA padhArajyau varasaga / cAvo sugara jANivoja muradhara deza kIdhI moja / / thAnaka moradhara ghari thAya sAco sAdharo samavAya / nija guru AvIyA nidroha sojita nayara vATaNa soya / / parabata sAha ro punyavaMta jatI vrata jhAlisI jasaMta / dAkhi vAta ema deza-videza nara vithayA haraSa na vesa / / naranAhA gura bIkAnera mahAjana lagi jesalamera / japi jAhA lo zrAvaka jeha sAMbhali AvIyA saMgha leha / / sabalo jodhapura ro saMgha bhaNi-bhaNi bhAvana aNabhaMga / kAlU meDato ke kaMda nara vithayA haraSa niraMda / / nimAhe se ro lagai ajamera ghaNathaTa huo Avi ghera / vigaDI jaitAraNa sukhavAsa zrAvaka lAe sahu sAbAsa / / sajasa rIti junIyA sAha mochava hue sojita mAha / malIyA sAdaDI rA sAha ANi mana ghaNa uchAha / / parabata kari e prasiddha nitya-nitya vAvari nava niddha / vadhyoM vareM jImaNavAra parabata prasiddha anaMta ni vAra / / malIyA jovA maMDalIka dIkSA mahochava baDa vIka / meMgala pAkharyo kala koDa dhAre rade sAco ghuDa / / jeNI vidhi dasaNa bhadra ju AMNa vAMdaNi AvIyA badhamAMNa / munivara veza dhare mugaTa pAMcAM jaNAM suparagaTa / / Jain on FORPrivate &Personal use Only
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________________ muni kAntisAgara : lokAzAha kI paraMparA aura usakA ajJAta sAhitya : 233 ogha muhapatti kara ANi pAraMbha vaDo huvya pramAMNa / rUgi sohi jasavaMta raSi zudagara taNoM sAco riSi // vadahi jema ja sAhe vacana vikase tema sugara vadana / varasaMgha kiyo ema vicAra bhUja jUM dIoM gaccha ro bhAra // pUrava chAI nayarI sIroDI nayara par3iyA jasu gaTa / thari teMga thAnaka thapIu mahIpada ThavaNa pragaTa || chaMda pada ThavaNa zudaga taNo prAbho ThAMmi teNa uddhava thayo / mAlavo gujara dhA maMDala gacha saMgha loga hi gahyo / sAdha - sAdhavI aneka zrAvaka vasahi sahi sajasa veMcAiye // cAritra khaMDAdhAra cali cati cokhi navi cali / nava dhanya dhUnA gacchanAyaka navo neha amRta nali / / darIyAu zudagaIM taNoM darasaNa punya pApa ni pAie~ / zrIpUjya varayaMtra pATha budamara eM AMkaNI // punyavaMta prajJAvaMta prAjho dhyAni zuddha mani dhari / agiyAra aMga upAMga bAraha ugra karaNI Adari / Agama nIgama aratha anopama sakala sUtra sarAhIe // mahAvrata paMca mUla maMDe karama AThe kApIA / kaSAya cyAri dUra kIdhI bhalA zudagara bheTIyA // vega veli samu dravya suddhAM dhyAna nirmala dhyAieM / zrIpUjya varasaMgha pATa khudagara guNa jasavaMta gAie || kalaza giravo gitAratha / gAije guNa jAMNa guMNa pratapo cAritra pAtra puMnya aMkore padAratha // parabata pitA pracaMDa udara sahodrAM Upano / niramala mati nidhAMna sakala zrIsAdha saMpano || rUpa RSi jIva RSivarasaMgha RSi tehane pratApa adhyakAra tima | zrIpUjya pATha parasaMghajI jaso joti jaga vasi jyama || // iti zrI jasavaMtajI no chanda // 3 muni mAdhava racita jasavaMta caturmAsa zrI vItarAgAya namaH duhA prathama jiNesara pAyakamala, pahilaM praNamI pAya, gachanAyaka guNa gAyavA, mujha mani ulaTa thAya // 1 // mAsa vasaMti kokilA, deSI cakavo caMda, mora megha gAji karI pAmi paramAnaMda ||2|| 333333333333333
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________________ 234 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya Hong Su Yang Xiao Gong Gong Cai Jie Cha Qi Kuan Kuan Shen Zi Mi Zheng Cha Qi Cha tima mujha ulaTa upano, gurU guNa gAvA avadAta, te bhavIyaNa tumho sAMmalo, jehano jasa viSyAta // 3 // rUpa RSIvara guNa nilo, jIvajI jugapradhAna, vaDa varasiMgha varasiMghajI, jassa mahimA merU samAna / / 4 // tAsa pATi paTodharU, parabata putra pavitra, satI sahodarAM janamIyAM kahisU tAsa caritra // 5 // marUdhara dezi jANIi, sojhita moTuM gAma, vasi tihAM vivahAriyA, usavaMsa abhirAMma / / 6 / / parabata gharaNI sahodarAM, janamo putra ratana, anukrami vairAgIyau, saMyama upari mana // 7 // zrIpUjya rUvahaste karI, saMjama dIvU sAra, tihAthI anukrami AvIyA, savipura nagara majhAri // 8 // saMgha teDI zrIpUjyajI, pUbrA puruSa pradhAna, RSi jasavaMtani pada ApII, eha chai guNa nidhAna // 6 // saMgha sahu, valatuM kahi. vAMdI sahi gurU pAya, pUjya paTodhara thApIi jasa nAmi nava nidha pAya // 10 // saMgha samakSi zrIpUjyajI, nija pada dIghu sAra, saMgha sahu ANaMdIyA, tava varatyo jayajayakAra // 11 // vihAra karI vaMdAvatAM, AvyA gujara desa, zrAvaka sahu ANaMdIyA, suNI sadagurU upadeza / / 12 / / jasa kIrati vAdhI ghaNI, jasavaMtajInI jANi, jina zAsana dIpAvavA, udavaSoM avanI bhANa // 13 // zrIpUjya pATi dIpAvatA, RSi jasavaMta jagi jANa, tAsa caumAsAM gAyasu, suNayo catura sujANa // 14 // rAga dezASa zrIpUjya sIrohI AvIyA, pUjya prathama caumAsa sakala saMgha ANaMdIyA, pohoci manAnI Asa / 15 zrI zrIpUjya bIjeM baMdira paMbhAyati, caumAsu sAra saMgha sahu uchava kari, haiu haraSa apAra / 16 zrI pATiNa pUjya padhArIyA, prabhU pUraNa pAsa bhaNasAlI bhagati kari ghaNI, tRtIe caumAsi / 17 zrI usamApuri cauthu karUM, pAMca, paMbhAiti budhi nidhAnai bi karyo, savipuri saMghAti / 18 zrI ghaMbhAitiM karUM AThamuM, zrAvaka suSakAra dharma dIpati thai ghaNI, trAMbAvatI majhAri / 16 zrI vaupada paToghara AvIyA, saMgha haraSa apAra tapa japa bahu lAvA, navami te sAra / 20 zrI ahimadipuri gurU AvIyA, dazami suSasAra agyArami rAjanagaramAM, sonI samajhA apAra / 21 zrI usamApuri uchava ghaNAM, vilagatAM sAra sAta sAta thayAM SaMbhAiti, gAtAM haraSa apAra / 22 zrI rAga sAraMga ahimadipUri panarahavAre, pATiNa rahA nava sAta jAdore satama jANIire, jehanI bahulI SyAta / 23 suguNa nara sevo eha gurU sAra jasa nAmi suSa apAra / suguNa0 AMcalI ATha dazapI SoDai thayAM re, zrAgari ugaNIsamuM udAra ajamera mahimA ghaNe re, daza dazamaM karaM sAra / 24 suguNaH LATIMES __Jain EcludinandMANVelamaAILEMENTALATHI WHATRApnjinimumARIHARITToilmSTIN TASTICIAADIMANSUIC SUDibrary.org A TIRMATIOnl..
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________________ muni kAntisAgara : loMkAzAha kI paraMparA aura usakA ajJAta sAhitya : 235 / / bagaDI ekavIsameM hava re, bAbIsameM karUM SaMbhAiti sAhA narA sIla vrata ucarere, jahano jasa viSyAta / 25 suguNa. usamApuri mahimA ghaNe re, zevIsami thayo sAra bhavIka jana samajhAya ghaNAM re, kahitAM nAvi pAra / 26 suguNa0 caumAsi cauvIsami re, guMdavaci guNano ThAma sAhA pethaDa putra bhaNi ghaNure, jehanu rUpasIha nAma / 27 suguNa0 paTodhara paMcavIsami re, sabi pura sadagurU sAra dAnAdika uchava ghaNAM re, varatyo jayajayakAra / 28 suguNa0 sAla dazama guMdavaci rahA re, zrAvaka harSa apAra rUpakumara tihAM saja thayA re, varavA saMjama sAra / 26 suguNa0 rAga sAmerI guMdavaci nagari uchava ghaNAM, sAha pethaDa putra dikSA taNAM teha taNAM manorathA pahAci ati ghAe / 30 rUpakumara tava saja thayA, sAmagrI sahui gahi gayA uchava karavA saMgha sahu malAe / 31 saMvata sAla paMcotari, mAgasira zrudi bArasi sahI kari svahaste zrIjasavaMta saMjama diiee| 32 dinadina prati caDhatI kalA, rUpaRSi guNe bhalA guNa nilA sAstra suvidha bhaNA bhalAeM / 33 pIpADi pUjya padhArIyA, satAvIsameM gharIyA guMdavaci aThAvIsa purAM thayAM / 34 sIrohI sadagurU Avai, saMgha sahu malI vadhAvi gori gAvi ugaNatrIsami uchava thAvie / 35 jAlore trIsa purA thayAM, sIdha guNe sIrohI rahyA yoga saMgrahe pATiNa pUjya padhArIyAe / 36 vaDodari vArU dharI, sAmagrI poti puNya bharI tetrIsami sadagurUnI sevA karI / 37 DhAla phAganI sUrati sadagarU AvIyA zrIsaMgha haraSa apAra, vadhAvi vara kAmanI bolI jayajayakAra / 38 voharA hApA haraSa ghaNo thayo vIrajI vArU vicAra dAnAdika vidha sAcavi pAriSa pramuSa udAra / 36 budhi nidhAna buharAnapuri sAnI mANikadAsa dhAyatAdika saMgha sahu malI vAMdavA Avi ulhAsa / 40 saMgha sahu saMtoSIyA pohotI mananI Asa, atIsai samu sahu jANayo zrI gurU rahyA caumAsa / 41 pAMtrIsama pUjya AvIyA trAMbAvatI majhAri saMgha sahu sAtA ghaNI ulaTi aMgi apAra / 42 rAga mArUNI koNIka rAjA raMjIyo, AvyA jANI vIra jiNaMdajI / tema soraTha saMgha haraSIu, suNI Agama mahA murNidajI, zrI guru dhanya dhanyajI / 43 Mara Jain Education Interational
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________________ ********* 236 : muni zrI hajArI mala smRti grantha : prathama adhyAya jehani nAmi parimANaMdajI, zrI garU0 / poribaMdire pUjya padhArA, sakala saMgha sukhakArI jI / visA somajI vitta vAvari, huyA haraSa apAra jI / zrI gu044 porabaMdara bAra RNi karI karIni, maMgalapura bNdaavijii| voharA mAlajI pramukha saMghaharaSi, vaMdana kAji AvijI / zrI gu0 45 budhi nIdhAna dIvabaMdiri AvyA, sakala saMgha mani bhAvyAjI / nagaraloka sahu sAmAM AvyA, motIi thAla vadhAvyAjI / zrI gu0 46 sAtatrIsamaM sadaguruhIni, saMgha sahu saMtoSyAjI / dAnAdika bahu vidhaI karIne, paMja amRta poSAMjI | zrI gu0 47 zrI ahamadapuri prAtrIsa karInai, bhAiti pUjya AvyAjI / trIsa navamaM eha jANayo, saMgha sahu mani bhAvyAjI / zrI gu048 duhA bhAiti saMgha pUchI karI : zrIguru kari vihAra, ahamadapuri pUjya AvIyA huyo haraSa apAra / 46 sAhA narA suta saradAra chaI dharmIjana dharmadAza, jiNadAza dhIradAza vaSANI puravI sahunI Asa / 50 tAsa taNI AjJA lahI saMgha sukarI vicara, RSi rUpasIhani paTTa ApIi mujha mani haraSa apAra / 51 saMvata solAsI mAgasira Adi aSTamI somavAra, cahati dina caDhati kalA nija pada dIdhuM sAra / 52 zrI pUjya saMgha teDI karI bolA budhi nIdhAna, RSi rUpasIhani mAnayo eha chai guNa nIdhAna / 53 zrIpUjya zrI jasavaMtajI AcArya aNa bIha, tAsa pATa dIpAvavA RSyAMpati rUpasIha / 54 DhAla dhavala dhanyAsI saMvata soli sAra zraThyAsIe ahimadapura e / zrIjasavaMta sujANa aNasaNanI mati upanI e / 55 pugyA puruSa pradhAna rUpa RSIsvara guNa nilo e / jo dIyo anumati Araja saMthAro saMgha sASi karUM e / 56 mAgasira zrudi punyama jANi pachima jAmi aNasaNa karayuM e / zrI jasavaMta sujANa saMthAro nija muSi karo e / 57 svapakhI parapaSI jANi Avi ulaTa ati ghaNo e / vAra vAra vaMdeva jasa mahimA bAdho ghaNo e / 58 aNasaNa pAlIsAra ATha pohoranuM ati bhaluM e / ugaNacAlIsamUM sAra ArAdhI amara thayA e / 56 dina dina dIpayo jyo eha candrapari caDhatI kalA e / AcArya udayavaMta dinakaranI pari dIpajyo e / 60 dhanya pavatI dhanarAja sAhA dedA suta vaSANI e / sAri sahuna kAja pradhAna padavI tujha bhalI e / 61 kalasalo zrI rUpa jIvajI vaDa laghuvarasiMgha AcArya jasavaMta e / tAsa pATi pethaDa naMdana udayo avakaMta e / 62
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________________ iti zrI bhASAyeM RSi zrI jasavaMtInAM caturmAsA sampUrNaH // zrI zrAcAryajI RSi 6 jasavaMta jI / tasya ziSya RSi zrI 5 vijjAjI tasya ziSya RSi zrI 5 mAdhavajI tayoratevAsI likhitaM muni vIrajI paThanArtha khudo jaya cAtasyA sutA bA0 madhIbAI zubhaM bhavatu / kalyANamastu // muni kAntisAgara : lokAzAha kI paraMparA aura usakA ajJAta sAhitya : 237 saMvata sola ekAyA varSe kArttika vadi chaThi gurU / bAbAvatIiM racA caumAsAM pAThaka janani suSakarU / 63 zrIpUjya jasavaMta ziSya sundara RSivijjA guNa dhAra e / tAsa ziSya mAdhava jaMpai zrIsaMgha jayajayakAra e / 64 0000 00 mAnUM racita rUpajI kA dhanda sarasatI samarUM sadA gavarI naMda gaNeza / rUDeM viradi rUpasI jasaha thala jasa jaMpesa || 1|| guNasAgara jasa gaha gahiM gotama jaso gAtra / ravajai pratapo rUpacaMda cAvo cAritra pAtra // 2 // garavo gacha gujarAtiyAM gAijeM guNa jAMNa / rUpa sIha jima rUpasI vaMci bar3e vaSAMNa ||3|| pATa tapi jasavaMtarI jasa pragaTyo kula eka jIha / dAvi moTi dASajI dana-dana caDhatA dI ||4|| rUpa saSisara pATa tahu jIvarAja jasa hAtha / tyAM zrahuM tejapAlari gaNI gaNa ghe vohotha ||5|| varasaM gharA cAkasUM vAMcIjeM vASAMNa / mAMjhI avirala ma--yu moTA prasaNA mANa // 6 // varasaMgha re pATa valI varasaMgha huyo vrIAna / krIyA pAtra kahIja tUM narAM siromaNi nAma // 7 // teNe pATe parabata taNo jasaDu thayo jasarAja / mAjhi corAsI mahiM mera samI veDa vAjha ||8|| teNeM vara kara rUpo thapIU kAama koDa varIsa / sAdhAM moTo jema sahI dina dina ANeM rIsa // 6 // vaDA chaMda motIdAma dina AkheM rIsa lagAra bhUle bhala lIdho saMyama bhAra / vaMci varI Aba vaDA vaSANa ma jema caMda manAvi AMNa // 10 // suNyA jasavaMta taNA upadeza lIyo saMyama laghu mati veza / pathAriyA gaMdAvi gaMbhIra niramala vaMsa bAyo nI / / 11 / / kari kara joDa vInatI kIdha rUDI pari rUpasI saMyama lIdha / para hara nAri na kIdho prema jasa hatha jANa gautama jema || 12 || 362303030030030230430430300303003030
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________________ PRESE9999888888888% EREN 238 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya bhaja bhale saMyama lIdho bhAra SarI vidhi cAli paMDAdhAra / vastu vaDa zAstra jANe veda bhalA kavi pAtrAM vAlA bheda / / sadA lagI sAyara jema sadhIra havei teNI koya na lApi hIra / bhuje jasarAja bhalAyo bhAri anopama Aja baDo aNagAra / / pIthAvata paMcamuSA pANI bhalo gaha lUMke UMgo bhANa / mAni tujha AMNa vaDA munirAya bhalapaNa cAritra he kaNa bhAya / / bhuje jasarAja bhalAyo bhAra sohe aMgi sIla taNo saNagAra / pUrva chAi sIla to agi sAsato sAco kiyo sanAha / pethAuta behu paSi saho jama karai sarAha / parabata suta moTo puruSa karaNI uttama kIdha / rUDA zrIrUpasIha nI padavI parataga dIdha / / avicala mUrati aSTamI mAgasira suda somavAra / vaDA vaDA maliyA baraMda bhUja gachi lopyA bhAra / / bhUja bhAra sopyo gachanAyaka rUpaM vadhIyo rUpasI / prathIrAja samama peSa padavI jagatra saha kAli jisI / / ve ho rAya vasaMta dona vAMce lAha saMyama nitya lIyeM / prabhAta zrIrUpasIMha praNameM vaDo munivara vaMdiye / / gAi jago tima kinA guNa dhara pApa saghalAM parahari / deSiiM darasaNa hu RtanA siSari dharama be paSi ssro|| thAco thUlabhadra jAMNi cAu jasa cari naMdiye / parabhAti zrIrUpasIMha praNameM / bAla brahmacArI virUda moTo ghAra paga paMDA dhrai| bAvIsa parIsA jeNi jIpyA kAma nitya uttama karai / tAharI pIthaDa ThANA pRthavI hoDa kuNa hAlivI e| parabhAtI zrIrUpasiMha praNa meM vaDo munisara vaMdie / kalasa vaDo sAdha baMdiye moha jiNi jItI mAyA / kSimA taNoM bhaMDAra krodha naha ANi kAyA // jasavaMta ro pATavI jagatra saghalo hI jANe / kAchavAchI nikalaMka vaDA kavi pAtra vAMNeM / deSIi darasaNa jAya duSa kItI kAvya mAnU kIye / bhojaka naMdA paThanArtha / li. muni bhojA bhojA RSi praNIta rUpasiMha RSIzvara bhAsa / / pUjya RSi zrI bhojarAjajI gurubhyo namaH / / rAga soraTha, DhAla kAchabA nI vAMduM zrI vIrajiNiMda he sakhI vAMduM zrI vIrajiNaMda / jApa japaM jasavaMtajI taNo jI gAsyaM gaccha siNagAra he sakhI / / ANaMda AMNI aMgi ati ghaNo jI / / SATURNS Jain Education Intemational
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________________ Jain loMkAzAha kI paraMparA aura usakA ajJAta sAhitya : 236 muni kAntisAgara sevo rUpasiMgha he sakhI yugapradhAMna jasavaMta jiso jI / vairAgI vaDa bhAga he sakhI kuNa kahIjai tribhuvana mAMhi tiso jI / sAha pethaDa suta sAra hai sakhI mAta kanakAde uri UpanA / jANoM jaMbUkumAra he sakhI guNanidhAMna gachapati nIpanA jI // guru gautama avatAra he sakhI jasavaMtajIiM pUrA paraSIyA jI / AcArija pada Api he sakhI saMgha samIkSyaiM hIyaDi haraSIyA jI // jasavaMtajI jagi jANa he sakhI ATha pahora no aNasaNa AdarI jI / sAryA saghalAM kAma he sakhI pATi paTTodhara rUpasiMghajI karI jI / / varatyau jaya-jayakAra he sakhI darasaNa dIThai dolati hoi ghaNI jI / haraSa dhari mana mAMhi he sakhI ANa mAnayo sahuko eha taNIjI || surataru sariSo sujANa he sakhI pAra na pAmi guru guNa te kahI jI / to mAnava kuNa mAta hai sakhI guNa saMpUraNa bolije suhIjI || zrIrUpasiMgha RSirAi he sakhI puhavI pratapo avicala / bhoja bhai kara joDi nAma vapuM nija guru tumha taNuMjI // meha samarai jima mora he sakhI / tima samarUM tumha nAma he sakhI haraSa dharIni giruyA gachapati / / meha tI pari vATa he sakhI saMghajI joi sadaguru tumha taNI jI / mayA karI munirAI he sakhI vegai vaMdAvo gurujI gaccha dhaNI jI // kalazalo zrI tasa pATi dinakara jiso dIpai zrIrUpasiMgha vaSAMNIi || nara nAri bhaNisya ani suNasyai gachapatinA guNa ghaNAM / zrIpUjya ziSya kara joDi jaMpai phalai manoratha tasa taNAM // iti zrI bhAsa saMpUrNa likhataM RSi bhojAjI tasya ziSya RSi vAghA / bAI amRta paThanArtha // 6 vAgha muni racita rUpa RSi bhAsa DhAla ArinI prathama jinesara pAya praNamIni zrIguru lAguM pAi / zrI pUjyanA paTTodhara gAUM pAttika dUri pulAya // 1 // guNAyara gachapati gAii ho zrIrUpasiMgha sAdhu sujAMNa gu0 AMkaNI || zrosasa avanItala udayo sAha pethaDa suta sAra / dinakaranI pari dIpai dina-dina guru jJAna taNA bhaMDAra // svargaM tajA suSa suMdara anubhavi kanakAde uri avatAra / uttama graha anusAri anopama janama huu tiNa bAra // 330000 cyAya
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________________ 240 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya janama mahocchava jana savi poSi rUpasiMha nAma udAra / guNa sAgara gaMgA jalanI pari niramala nANa apAra / / bAlapaNi bahu buddhi manohara vANI amIya rasAla / hATaka Upari hAra virAjai dinakara teja jhamAla / / vacana sudhArasa sariSA sAMbhali zrIgurujI nA sAra / megha taNI pari moTi mahochavi Adaryo uttama bhAra / / janama nagara vIMjhevi dIpi punyavaMta bahu privaar| guMdavaca nagari soha caDAvI lIdhoya saMjama bhAra / / rAga dhanyAsI saMvata sola rasAla abda pacyottarI jANIi e| miMgasira sudi guruvAra dasa-doi tithi vaSANIi e|| diSyA dei sAra jasavaMtajI jayakArIyA e| vaMdAvi mAruyADi gujjara desi padhArIyA e / / vicarai zrImunirAi bhavi janani pratibodhatA e| sAthi zrIrUpasiMha bahu parivAri sobhatAe / hAlAra soraTha desa bihAra karI vaMdAvIyA e| lAbha taNi lei koDi anukrami gujjara AvIyA e|| zrIpUjya jasavata pada yogya rUpasIMha paraSIyA e / ahimadapura majhAri saMgha samiSyaI haraSiyA e|| saMvata sasi rasa sAra asIya Upari ATha AganA e| migasira sudi somavAra zrAThimeM tithi guru guNanilA e|| de padavI muni pAla amRta vANI ucarai e| sAru' Atama kAja bhava jala nidhi jIva nistarai e / / DhAla jalahI nI vacana suNI guru taNAM rUpasIMhajI ima boli / jayavaMtA saMgha nAyaka vicaro jima jina toli // jasavaMtajI jayakArIyA guNa nidhi guNaha bhaMDAra / paTTodharani bujhavI aNasaNa ucara i sAra / / teha jasavaMta jANIi miMgasira sudi somavAra / punimi tithi ati niramalI aNasaNa kIdho udAra / / SamAya SamAvI saMghani valIya vacana ima boli / siddha thayA savi mAharA citavyA surataru toli / / yugapradhAna rUpasAha nA karayo bahulA jatana / paTTodhara nI AginA dhArayo jema ratana / / ima aneka ziSyA kahI dharIya parama zubha dhyAna / ATha pahora aNasaNa karI pAmIyA amara bimAna / / ehavA guNavaMta guru taNAM nAma japi nara-nArI / iha bhavi suSa saMpada lahi parabhavi ziva suSakArI // MAILITY))(GSMS pAekA 6rcur Jain Education Inteccional
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________________ Jain Educatorcmationa muni kAntisAgara : lokAzAha kI paraMparA aura usakA ajJAta sAhitya : 241 jasavaMtajI nAM pATavI rUpasiMha jI ciraM jIjo gautama nI pari gAjatA bhavijana zrIguru baMdI || kalazalo tIratha nAyaka rUpa RSijI jIvojI doi varaharI / jasavaMtajInI pATi pratapai zrI rUpasIMha teji karI // jasavaMtajI nAM ziSya dIpaiM bhojarAja cacaDatI kalA / tAsa ziSya muni bAgha praNami pAya paMkaja nirmalA // // iti zrI bhAsa samApta || satIcaMda kRta dAmodara chaMda duhA parama puruSa paya anusarI samarUM zrIgurU nAma, AcAraya guNa gAvatAM sI vichata kAja // 11 vIra jina maha bhira gati doya hajAra varIsa, vikreM saMvata veta suta panaraseM aThAvIsa |2| lakeM pustaka vAMcA karI jANyo zrIjinadharma, jIva dayA cita meM vasI TAlyoM moha bhrama | 3| luMkAgacha jagameM pragaTa panaraseM ikatIsa bhANeM saMjama AdaroM poTI mana jagIsa |4| prAgavaMsa bhImo jatI nuMna bhoma jagamAla saravA rUpa muNiMda paTi jIvarAja usavAla |5| sAta meM pATi e vanamuM marudhara deza nidhAMna, tihAM maNDala ajamera gaDha mahimA Ikkau ThAMna |6| chaMda aDayalla maiM desa nagara avicala aviThAMNa gIravara mera siSara upamAMna / saSara koTa prAkAra sujANa bhItara koTa bAhira jaga ThAMNa // 7 // viSama ThAma gaDha vimAnaM daravAjA uMcA asamAnaM bAjeMpIra kuMvA jalapAI kesI sA racI hAra galAI 8 naubati sabada sadA varadAI sAhAjihAMna taNI jihAM rAI / adali nAma kAhAveM nyAI coDI cADa nahIM duSa dAI | e dina duni sabako mana bhAI AriyaNa koi nahIM tIna ThAMi / tIna dhana dhamI jINa moTA pASaDI nara diseM choTA || nAnAvidha maMDapa tihAM chAyA nitya nitya uchava maMgala mAyA / / 11 duhA vAvi sarovara kUMpa jala pohakaraNI bodhAla / jalanidhi moTA jhAlarAM coSaMDI causAla / / 12 ghari ghari kalasa sohAmaNAM toraNa ghara ghara baar| sapara baMdha prAsAda para dhajA suraMga nIhAra / / 13 chaMda bhujaMgaprayA jihAM bAga vADI bagIce vaNAe jihAM raMga nATika gIta suhAe / jihAM dija dunI par3he chatra nIkA jihAM vastra aMbAra vyApAra TIkA // 14 ********* www.brary.org
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________________ 242 : muni zrI hajArImala smRti grantha : prathama adhyAya Jain Ed Inter jihAM bahudhAM nAyakI jaina devA jihAM jaina saMSIve saMSI kevAM / jihAM vrana pyAre vaseM chatra revAM jihAM dharma sobhA caDhI sAdharevA // 15 jihAM cohaTA vica nIkI virAje jihAM sAi dravyesarI naMda chAje / jihAM masta hAthI kI meghamAlA jihAM jo jAneM kI kAna kAlA // 16 jihAM asuM cAMpalacI mAna vAlA jihAM UMTa asavArI jInasAlA / jihAM usavaMsa mahArAja rAjeM jihAM bhrama nIsAMNa jANa vIra gAje // 17 kiSu nAgarI jopurI jota ThAMgI kI dhaga lIlA kI isa bANI / jihAM poSadhasAlA Achi miThAI jihAM sAha ratana vaseM dhamadhArI / / 18 sadA sAdhavA sAdhavI prema mattai bhAyA sIla dAni dayA raMga sataM / kIdhuM upamAMna kAmadevA vicArI kI aMna dhaneMsarAM vratadhArI // 16 duhA tasa gharaNI guNa AgalAM satiyAM sira sirdaar| ratanAde liSamI jisI sobhA guNa guNakAra / / 20 tasa naMdana cyAre sarasa tiNa meM eka pramANa dAmodara mahimA niloM sobhAgI mahimAMna // 21 saMvata sola nivAsI rUpA gura guNadhAra / gaDha ajamera samAsar2yAM saba jIvana suSakAra // 22 chaMda hATakI hai magara sAgara jAgara Agama zrAvaka raMga suraMga kIyaM / pATabara ana su dhana dhanA dhana jAcika jina bahu dAna dIyaM // kumara dAmodara punya jisoM dara baMdi sadagura pATabIyaM / amRtana rasa vANI suguru vaSAMNI sumatAM saMyama sAra dIyaM // vihula bhamakAra asAra taso jaga jovana saMjama vina thayaM // lakSmI supana tarI bhoga kiso avA jiso paSa caMdavIyaM / suNa upadeza kare ura vaMdaNa Ayo ghara vairAga lIyaM // amRta rasa vANI sugurU vaSAMNI sumatA saMyama sAra dIyaM / mAtA paga lAgI kahai suvAca SiNa dyau unamati mujha mAna hiyaM // sugahi kulavaMtI uhi kulamaMDaNa e laSiNa paravAra hiyaM / kIjeM ghara gharaNi sukala udAraNi bhogavI suSa vAla kIyaM // amRta rasa vANI sugurU vaSAMNI sumatA saMjama sAra diyaM / valatI kahe kumara pApa tarja sava mAraga moSa cita racIyaM // samabhAva mAta pitA guNa suMdara dIdhI unamati sudha kIyaM / sava saMgha vicArI saMyamadhArI kIsanagaDha dISA saviyaM || amRta rasa kaNI capala capala turaMgama teja magala me mata ghaTA raciyaM / kAratha pAyaka lAyaka lAyaka dhou udadhi vinAda kIyaM // dhapamapa dhapamapa bajeM madala saje cacapaTa cacapaTa tAla viyaM bharaM bharrara kinnarAnadana pherI jhaNaNaM ki jhaNaNaM kita viNa viNa vivayaM / saMvata ninyAsI mAna vilAsI jeTha sudi pAMcama lakhIyaM // /www.jathelibrary.org
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________________ muni kAntisAgara : loMkAzAha kI paraMparA aura usakA ajJAta sAhitya : 243 KARNAMMAMMIRMANAKARMA thAvacA jema jamAli uchava Agama veNa yathA kathiyaM / covIse sA iNI para bhASa dhana kuSa jiNa avatarIyaM / / rUpAM guru pAse nava jaNa saMjama cAritta gAMNI hatha AdarIyaM / je je jasa boleM amRta toleM dAmodara mahimA jhilIyaM / / dohA zrIsadagurU nI sevA kareM sISa artha vicAra, chaMda taraka paravINa guNa vyAkaraNAdika sAra / cavade vidA avisa bahotara kalA pradhAna, sobhAgI mahimA niloM gyAna de rahai lIna / / saMvata sola satANuve ASADhe zanivAra, vidhanAdika padavI racI kIsanagaDha suvicAra / chaMda aDayala to rUpA guru sundara dharma dhuraMdhara thApyo nija paTadhAra / dAmodara nIMko dIdho TIkauM rUpAM savai gacha bhAra / zrAvaka mahimA mAgara kalAsAgara veNIdAsa udAra / ucchava bahuM kidhAM vaMchita sIdhAM bhariyAM punya bhaMDAra / / mahimAM jaga bhItara ANaMdani para saMgha savai siradAra / gachapati suSakArI jaga hitakArI dAmodara dinakAra / / vrata pAMca siSAveM sumati caDhAveM dazavidha dharama prakAra / satare vidha saMyama tirtha jaMgama paMceM paMcAcAra / / nauvidha bhramacArI ugravihArI dUre doSa aDhAra / saMpati guNa purAM teja sanUrAM niradoSaNa AhAra / / tihu gupateM pivitra magaha citrAM tyAgeM viSaya vikAra / manatha mada dhurA sIla sanurA jina sAsana siradAra / / krodhA vikathA TAla bhava ajuvAla sohai guNa chattIsa / bArI tapa tApana bhAvana bhAvana lakSaNa aMga batrIsa / / munivara vaDa prattamA dvAdaza dharmA dhina dhina to pohavIsa bhavi jina je vaMde te cira naMde pohacai mana jagIsa / / pAvana purUSottama pohavI uttima taraNa tAraNa saMsAra / goima jima gyAMnI madhurAM vANI kesI goyama tIra / / Thakara jasa karaNI punyama bharaNI samatA rasa bhaMDAra / ratanA kula maMDaNa kumati niSaMDaNa jagajIvana aNagAra / / dohA jaga tAraNa jaga uddharaNa zrIdhanarAja ujIra, mAMnu zrIjina vIra ke gotima nAma sadhIra / gacha nAyaka guNavaMta nara ati sevaMta muNiMda, mahimA mahiyala vistarI jAgeM joti jiNaMda / / jJAna joti jagamaga jagI vaTAleM karma daMdula / kumati viDAraNa keharI bAlauM bola amola / chaMda nArAcaka sukAma dhAma Isa vIsa gyAMna dhyAna sohI e / niraMda iMda bhUpa caMda duSa vibha mohI e|| dAha' sa VERSE MIN M Y MOTIONAL THEDAY A /1111111111 1 111TMANJILIATIONAL ARTISTRATION 1111... HIMITRALIAhim. IIIIIII...IUAN111... - Jain Education Interational
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________________ * Httwitttit 244 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-prantha : prathama adhyAya IgyAra aMga bAra upAMga cyAra mUla dekhI e| siddhAMta sAra vrata dhAra sAdha vrata pekhI e|| calaMta matijJAna vaMta pApa duri cheda e| karatI lIla sudha sIla ATha karma moDI e // amA muNaMda suSakaMda bhavi jIva loDI e| anAra bIja daMta daMtarIha jema laMka e|| SamA dayA suraga sata rAga meMDI die / calaMta sata cAla doSa nAga haMsa saMka e|| sucila cila kAmagAra dhyAna iisro| samera mAna iMdrarAja pUjyajI muniisro|| rUpa pehe hIra gaMganIra kAmanAtha saMka e| dAmodarA mahA muNida sAna pAna raMga e|| duhA jAtavaMta kulavaMta lajjAvaMta dayAla / trineM vaMta sarUpa tana lAghava saguNa mayAla / / jinasAsana udyota kara vahuzruta bahu parivAra / mana mohana guNa AgalauM jinasAsana siNagAra // chaMda tribhaMgI udaya-udaya jiNaMda deva sArata surada seva / mAnasUte nitameva haraSa bhare maMDala adhikavAna // saraja dhare acala mAMNa muNaMda chAjata gaNi pradhAna tapahuM nidhAna / kAga dI ghano balada so hama kIdho jiNaMda dharama dharai / sevo-sevo hai saveM gurU pAya duhavo daraga jAya saMpata sata thAya vividha para / kIdho kAhusu gurU gurUM udadhi sugyAMna dharUM sukRta karUM musara sare / kIdho kAhuM iMdarAja sAritta bhapika kAja dharama pAna saraga sro| kIdho kAhuM rAmacaMda kAma dhUri kaMda bhArata bharama kaMda pavana puro|| kIdho kAhuM gaMgAjala TArata karama mala kIdho kAhuM bala dhyAna dharUM / kIdho jagadIza purita jaga jagIza sakama viSama bIsa anahare / / ___ sovana-sovana vAni chAjita gaNi pradhAna amRta sare jaba lagI zazI sUra gAjata udadhi pura sugurUM sevaka bhrama ura-hesa jimAnasara prema bhrai| preSata suguru muSa pAvana anaMta suSa meTata dUre suSa parasapare / kalasa sIyala siddha dAtAra durita dArida vihaMDaNa / lukAgaccha siNagAra kumati mithyAmati paMDaNa / AcArya guNavaMta pUjya dAmodara sUNIeM / tasa sAsana guNadhAra sagurUM ma raSi suSa saMpati tinako vrnnii| satIca'da sAdha sadagurUM acala jA dAnI karati sIhara gharaNI / / iti dAmodara chaMda JainEdit iterarres
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________________ Jain muni kAntisAgara : lokAzAha kI paraMparA aura usakA ajJAta sAhitya : 245 8 ravi muni racita AcArya zrI kezavajI RSi bhAsa zrI kezavajI guNadhAra / saMsAra || guru guNa 1 / / gaNadhAra / suSakAra / / gu0 2 / / hitakAra / guru guNa gAIye re prabala pratApa pube jaino saha jANaI zrI jinavara pATi suSakArI jima sohama tima zrIjye kramasIha paTovara duSaharaNa sumati gupati guNa aMgai sobhita SaTjIvana kumati mithyAtva timira dala cUraNa nema jANai dinakAra | gu0 3 // surapatya vAhaNa ari kuNa kahiye sAminI tasa bharatAra | muSa maMDaNa bAMdhava muta pettI sA sohai mRSi jima jagatI dharatIpate tima guru guNa gaMbhIra sIhane * tAkule kIratIkArI navaraMga deure avatAra // gu0 5 // janapada mAMhi sohai jima marUdhara jAyatAraNeM jayakAra / sAra // gu0 4 // udAra / saMgha save darasaNa ima baMchai koIla jima sahakAra // gu0 6 // jihAM lagI uDupati dinakara tihAM lage pratapo zrIguru sAra / mAnU dAsa seSa guNa zrIgurunA rivamuni kahai apAra // 7 // e rAjasiMha racita kezavajI bhAsa (apUrNa) zrI sUratI.. zrI sUrati nayara siNagAra ||5|| boharA bhI vIrajI saMgha ziromaNi, puNyavaMta bahu privaar| zrI pUjyajI no vacana vicArI, kariya pada mahochava suvicAra || 6 || anukrama guru vihAra karatA, gujara marudhara sAra / medapATa mAlavanai soraTha, siMgha saMtoSI suvicAra ||7|| sUrati nagari siMgha siromaNi, voharA suta bahu parivAra / zrI si........ sevA karai guru nI, dina-dina adhika AnaMda ||8|| mana sudhai sevA karatAM sadA pAmai paramAnanda | sevA karai sad guru nI sAha punasI guNa nivAsa || 6 || sAha karmacanda nI vInatI e bhAsa raci ati ullAsa / zrIpuNyajI kezavajI guNAgura bahu gaNAM nivAsa / tAsa sevaka rAjasiMha ima jaMpai AMNI aMgi ullAhAsa / li0 RSi vastapAla / bAI meghavA paThanArthaM / sai 300303633306363360300500303WE www.library.org
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________________ 246 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya 10 42022322MMMMMMMENDMERMINE devamuni racita prAcArya tejasiMha bhAsa DhAla cUnaDI nI zAnti jiNesara sukhakaru praNama ahanisi pAyo re / zrIgurunAM guNa gAvatAM sukha saMpati ghara thAyo re| zrI tejasiMha guru seviye // 1 // ilA mAMhe ati zobhato nagarAM mahi siradAro re| sAha lakhamaNa tihAM vase nagara paMceTIyo sAro re // 2 // tasa ghara lakhamA de sati jAyo suta kula cando re / dina-dina ati zobhA karu tejeM karI diNaMdo re / / 3 / / anukrameM dIkSA AdarI zrIpUjyajI ne pAso re / vyAkaraNAdika sahu bhaNyAM Agama aratha abhyAso re / / 4 / / sUrati bahorA vIrajI pada dIdho guNa pekho re / saMgha sakala seveM sadA vadhateM bhAva vizeSo re // 5 // vyavahAra karatA AvIyAM sIrohI sukhadAyo re / caraNa-kamala zrIguru taNAM praNamyAM pApa pujAyo re / / 6 / / saMvata-satarai baitAlIsai sIrohI caumAso re / sakala saMghanI vInatI devamuni kahe bhAso re / / 7 / / prAcArya zrItejasiMha bhAsa (apUrNa) DhAla phAganI zrIpArasa praNama mudA ho gAvA guNa gacha rAya / zrIpUjya zrIguru tejasI ho nAma japyAM sukha thAya / / dhanya dhanya zrIguru tejasI ho // 1 // utapati marudhara jANii ho pAMceTIyo pura ThAma / usavaMza kula sudaru ho lakhamaNasI zubha nAma ho // 2 // tasu suta zrItejasiMhajI ho lakhamAde prabhu mAya / laghu vayaseM saMjami jiNi lIddho zrIpUjya kezava pAya / / 3 / / khaMbhAyati caumAse zrIguru pUreM saMgha mani khaMti / vadana kamala dekhi haraSaja pAMmaiM kokila mAsa vasaMta // 5 // gautamanI pari zrIguru vAMce jinavara vacana vicAra / zravaNeM suNIne saMgha karai ho dAna ziyala tapa sAra / / 6 / / ... .... .. .. .. .. . CO.0.00 .. . . . . . .. . . Jain Education Interational
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________________ muni kAntisAgara : loMkAzAha kI paraMparA aura usakA ajJAta sAhitya : 247 Le Kai Jiang Mi Le Nuo Qi Bian Ren Ban Du Ran Qi Re Qi ravimuni racita prAcArya zrItejasI bhAsa mhArI sahI re samANI, e dezI prathama namI jina pAya sumati nA to guNa gAuM gachapatinAM re / mAharo guru re vairAgI zrItejasiMhajI sugaNa sujAtA to / nAma lahI sukhasAtA re mAharo // 1 // guru re vairAgI anai rAgI guNanAM to suMdara sAdha sobhAgI re mAharo, AMkaNI / vadana sohai jima punyamacaMda to dIThAM ho e Ananda re mAharo / nayana kamala sama sobhAkArI to saMpadA sahu ati sArI re // 2 // bAla-brahmacArI sadA sukhakArI to zrIpatijI no paTTadhArI re mA0 / sarasa sudhArasa sArasI vANI to suNatA rIjhai bahu prANI re mA0 // 3 // sAha lakhamaNa suta vasudhA vikhyAtA to karaNI adhika tumhArI re mA0 // 4 // tapa saMyama guNa adhiko aMgi to satya saMvega dharai raMgI re / naya nigamAdika nyAya vicArI to Agama aratha sudhArI re // 5 // yugativaMta dekhI bahu anya to sahu ko kahai dhanya dhanya re / sarasa bakhAMNa kalA jana pekhI to prasarai gurajInI nirakhI re / / 6 / / pAra na pAma hu~ guNa prabhujInAM to guNa ananta gurujInAM re / suMdara surati nayara suhAvai to ravimuni tumha guNa gAvai re // 7 // // iti bhAsa samApta / / lekhana kAla saM0 1732 poSa vadI 1 ravivAra / devamuni racita prAcArya zrI kAnajI bhAsa DhAla bidalAnI prathama namu jina pAya guNa gAvU tAsa pasAya ho| guru ne bhASaNa. zrIpUjyanAM, paTadhAra nAmeM kAMhana udAra ho guru0 // 1 // marudhara deza majhAra naDulAI nayara siradAra ho gu0 / kacarA tAta sukhadAI jagIsA gurujI nI mAI ho guru0 // 2 // bAla paNe vata, lIdho zrIpUjyajI nija kara dIddho ho guru0 / siddhAnta bhaNyAM nyAya sAra vyAkaraNa kAvya vicAra ho guru0 // 3 // sUrata nayara pada dIdho pUravalI paire kIdho ho guru0 / varasaMgha varasagha dITho varasaMgha jasavaMta kIddho ho guru0||4|| zrIpUjyajI ema vicArI kIddhA nija paTadhArI ho guru0 / avicala joDI jaga mAMhi jehaneM vAMdyA ati sukha thAya ho guru0 // 5 // saMghanI vinatI jAMNI zrIpUjyajI cittamAM ANI ho guru0| baMbAvatI nayare AyA sakala saMgha sukha pAyA ho guru0 // 6 // C
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________________ XNENEMEENNNNNNNEVENEMIERE 23 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-prantha : prathama adhyAya saMvata ItAle ullAsa khaMbhAyati nayara caumAsa ho / devamuni guru nAmeM bhaNatAM sukha pAmaM ho guru0 // 7 // saMvata 1771 meM pratilipita eka guTake meM nimna padya hai, jisake lipikAra AcArya zrItejasiMha ke ziSya velajI haiM soraTha deza' ziromaNi jAnata Avata teja lako paTadhArI / saMgha sakala jU motI vadhAvata gAvata gIta baDI bahu nArI / / vakhAMNa sunAjata saMgha rijhAvata dIpata teja tape duya taarii| kAnhakI kIrati caMda jU gAvata pAvata he sukha saMpati pyArI / / prAcArya zrI tejasiMha racita guru-guNamAlA bhAsa rAga dhanyAsI, DhAla tuM mere mana tuM abhinaMdana devA, rAga rAmakalI, DhAla aMbara de ho murArI / lakeM jina vacananI labadha te pAI, poravADa siddha pATaNa meM lakA nAmeM lu'kA kahAI, lake jina vacana nI labadha te pAI // 1 // saMvata panara aThyAvIse baDagaccha sUtra siddhAnta likhaaii| likhI parati doI eka Apa rAkhI eka diye guru ne le jAI / / 2 / / doya varasa sUtra artha sarva samajhI dharma vidha saMgha ne btaaii| lake mUla mithyAta uthApI deva guru dharma samajhAI // 3 // trIse vIra rAzi graha bhasma utaratA, jima vIra kahyau tima thaaii| ude-ude pUjA jinazAsana nI, ti dayA dharma dIpAI // 4 // igatrIse bhANAjI e saMjama leI lukAgacche Adi jati thaaii| lukAgacche nI utapati iNa vidhe, kaheM tejasaMgha samajhAI / / 5 / / iti gaccha saMbaMdha bhAsa DhAla avasara anaja cha re bhAI, lukAgaccha Adi thayA adhikArI, bhANAM bhIdA nUna bhIma jagamAla sAdha saracA suvicArI / bhagavaMta bhAkhyau tiNe sarava rAkhyA, dayA dharama cita dhArI // kezI gautama nI pari milinai vicAryo sudha AcArI // binayAdika viveka saba vidhisuM karo jina bacana bicArI / / deza-dezanAM dhAvaka samajhAvyA, thayAM save una vihArI / saMbata panara saTe lukAthI vije kIdhI vidha nyArI / / _JainEdition www.janelibrary.org
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________________ Jain Educ muni kAntisAgara : lokAzAha kI paraMparA aura usakA ajJAta sAhitya : 246 vijAmati tiNeM nAma kahAyo jANoM sujANa vicArI / sAdha - sAdhavI sahasra doya saMkhyA, zrAvaka bahu dhanadhArI // aThatIsa varSa iNi pari vicaryA parcha rUpaRSi thayA gaNadhArI / 3 rUpa RSi bhAsa rAga dhanyAsI tathA soraTha DhAla rAvaNa re to kavaNa mati AI, rUpA RSi saravaNa no siNagArI, devo pitA mAta miradhAI jAyA panara trayAle sukhakArI / rUpA0 / aThasaTha mAhI pUnyama svayameva saMjamadhArI // panara modika pAtra sAsUe mUkyau gaccha baMdheja sukana tiraNa sameM sahu sAtha- sAthavI zrAvaka bahu thApyo jinazAsana pada de kiyA pada deI pATaNa gacha panara zraThyauttareM jIvajI ne saMjama sAta varasa gaNi sAye vicaryA samajhAvyA bahu naranArI / udArI || vicArI / rUpA mahA pannavaNAM ude graMtha mAMhe Agama kahyo te jIvAnA bheda tejau AcariyA thayA corAsI gaccha mAMhe keI gachanAM thayA ugra vihArI // jJAna dhyAna tapa tehano dekhI thira thayA zrAvaka tiNa vArI / kA nAgorI panaraseM asIiM jUdA thayA nAgora mabhArI // horo AcArya bhayo tei caudasa pAkhImAM nivArI / utarAdha dese gacha utarAdhI te jUdA thayA teNa vArI // sAtha saravAno parivAra saghalo lukA biruda nAmadhArI / panara paMcyAsIe rUpaRSa aNasaNa dina pacavIsa cauvihArI // aNasaNamAM udota kiyo deve sAtavAra jAMNe te saMsArI / paMcavIsa grIhAvAsa varSa valI satare sAdha saMjamapadadhArI // sarva Ayu pAlI thayA deva svarga mabhArI // varasa 4 jIvajI bhAsa rAga dhanyAsI, kAphI, vicArI / dhanadhArI // RSi jayakArI / paTadhArI // jiNaMdA / phUlacaMda // jIva0 1 // jIva RSi sAsana udayo diragaMdA jIva paMnara paMcyAse kapUrAI janamyA doSI tejapAla aDasaTha mAha mAnaMdA / sudi paMcamI divase saMjama mana tiNe sameM rUpaRSi padavI detAM dhana vilasyA lAkha lekhaMtA jI // jIva0 2 // vihAra karyo jIvajIe jiNa deza samajhAvyA nara-nAridA / sola bArottara vaizAkha sudi sAtama, jIveM varasaMgha ne pada dehI || jIva 0 3 // Shi Jie Lian Gang Ni Da Cha Cha Cha Liu Huan Chao www.erary.org
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________________ Luo Yang Cai Cha Cha Cha Su Mi Sen Gao Zhuang Mang Mang Mang Huang Yao Xu Ban 250 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya varasa jhAjherA gaNi doya vicaryA, dharmano dhyAna dharaMdA / terottarai jeTha sudi some jIvajIe aNasaNa ledA / jIva0 4 // aThayAvIsa gRhavAsa varSa trIsa saMjama pada pAlaMdA / paMca dina cauvihAra tresaTha varSa Ayu pAlI pAmyA sura teja vRdA // jIva0 5 / / vaDA varasaMghajI bhAsa rAga dhanyAsI, gauDI, DhAla Ave mAI braja lalanA dukha mocanA varasaMghajI jIvajInAM paTadhAra, soraTha deza pATaNa pitA sumiyA kastUrI kUkha avatAra / vara0 1 // saMvata panara cauMsaTha janamAM siyAsIiM saMjama dhAra / sola baurottare sisumati nIkalyAM avidhakArI apAra // vara0 2 // varasaMgha su viruddha karIne sisudhana nAma gaNidhAra / lakA sA pA~cA sA vijA saravA kaDUA dharamA manadhAra // vara0 3 // brahmA kothaliyA sAkara TAkariyA sisumati suM thayA baar| save cavadisa pAse beThAM paDikamaNo vaje hIra kula mAnyau // vara0 4 // AkAra sarave deza kaDUiM gRha vesaI ? dharmo nAmA dhano dhAra / kothalIe poso kothalI meM brahmA mati mAnyauM namaskAra / / vara0 5 // sAkarIiM vrataThAkarIiM samakita sisue mAnyau sUtra vivahAra / bAre mata eka sthira parupaNA jo rahyA huta tiNavAra / / vara0 6 // varddhamAna uhIpari lukA to vadhe gaccha vistAra / caMdragupati caMdra chidra dIThAM phala kahyau pUravadhAra / / vara0 7 / / zAsanamA bahu mati-matAM re e lakSaNa paMcama Ara / mata gayA keI mata jAse thira thaDano vistAra / / vara0 8 / / ekavIsa sahasa lagI ArA rahasI aMti duppaseM nAma gaNadhAra / varasaMghajI e varasaMghajI ne sattAvIse diyo gaccha bhAra / vara0 6 // satara varase be sAthe vicaryA AvyA khaMbhAyati nayara majhAra / vaDa varasaMghajI sole cAmAle aNasaNa aMga udAra // vara0 10 / / sisudhana pakhathI zrIpati saMgha saMghAteM vAdI ANa mAnI vratadhAra / gRhAvAsa vIsa saMjama satAvana batrIsa varasa paTadhAra / / vara0 11 // ATha pohara aNasaNa asI varSa Ayu, pAlI liyo sura avatAra / laghu varasaMghajI bhAsa rAga dhanyAsI, kalyANa, DhAla Aja mAI raMga de, varasaMghajI pATa varasaMgha kahA, panara nibyAsIiM suMdarI jAya jhADaNa sA tAta vIjeM / / vara0 1 / /
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________________ muni kAntisAgara : loMkAzAha kI paraMparA aura usakA ajJAta sAhitya : 251 solachake saMjama le vicariiM, sattAvIseM gaNi pada liijeN| vicaratAM varSa sAThe citavyo kauMna hive pada thApIjeM / vara0 2 / / rAtre deva supana mAhe kahiyo parvata suta pada dIjai / aguNapaMcAsai jasavaMtajIne dIkSA de pada ThavIjai // vara0 3 // bAra varasa jhAjherAM gaNI be vicaryA ne hava dIjai / sole bAsaThe mAhi punya je aNasaNa aMgi AdarIje // vara0 4 // sola gRhavAsa sola varSa saMjama peMtrIsa pada pAlIje / bohottera varSano Ayu pAlI pAmyAM svarga sahIjai / / vara0 5 // *NEWMMMMMMMMMMME* prAcArya jasavaMtajI-bhAsa rAga dhanyAsI, naTa DhAla pIyA tere akhiyAM upara vArI, jasavaMtajIiM jaga mAhe jaza pAyo, caurAsI gacha mAhe jasa cAvo sagale desa savAyo / / jasa0 1 // parvata pitA sahodara mAtA soleM cotrIse jaayo| ugaNapaMcAse saMyama leI pada trIsI dine Ayo / jasa0 2 // sola aThyAsIe magasira punyama rUpasAhajI ne pada ThAyo / migasira badi bIja buddha aNasaNa, ArAdhI deva pada pAyo / jasa0 3 / / sola gRhAvAsa varSa aThatrIsa meM saMjama pada dhraayo| copana varasa sarve Ayu pAlyau gaNi tejasaMgha guNa gAyo / jasa0 4 // rUpasAha bhAsa rAga dhanyAsI, sAMraga, DhAla re vanacara kauna deza thai Ayau jasavaMtajI pATa para rUpasAha nIko, jasano jihAja jANI jasavaMtajI diyo AcArya pada TIko / jasa0 1 // pithaDa pitA kanakAI janamo sole aThANave kIko / saMjama paMcyottare sola aThyAsI dhaNI thayo gaNi padavIko / / js02|| sola channui aNasaNa kIdho paccakhkhANa bhAta paanniikoN| dAmodara ne pada deI deva pada pAmyA jaga mAhe jasa jAko / / jasa0 3 / / satara gRhAvAsai ikavIsa saMjama sAta varSa Ayu padavIko / aThavIsa varSano Ayu jAMNI kahe tejasiMha rUpasAha ko / / jasa04 / / Privatearersoi
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________________ 252 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : prathama adhyAya REENSEENNRENENERNMENHAN N prAcArya dAmodara aura karmasiMha kA bhAsa rAga dhanyAsI tathA sAmerI DhAla dInAnAtha bhamara kamala binuM bhUreM karmasiMha dAmodara be bhAI, pAMcameM Are be puNyavaMta upanA, behu jaNe gaNi pada pAI // karma0 1 // ugaNottare ratanAde janamyo karmasiMha bahottara dAmodara bhaaii| aThAsIiM navAsIiM saMjama mahochaba kiyo ratane sAha savAI / karma0 2 // sola chinnuI be bhAI pada pAmyA, pahilA nAMne pachai bar3e bhAI / mAsa dAmodara varSa eka karmasI aMti aNasaNa aMgi AI / / karma0 3 // dAmodara sola gRha ATha varSa saMyama, tre vIsa varSe svarga jAI / tiNa sameM dhanarAja karmasiMha thI jUdo gaNi nAma dharAI // karma0 4 / / sola satANu khaMbhAyati aNasaNa karyo kezavane pada tthvaaii| satara gRhe dikSA satAvIsa varSa Aiyu pAlI sura thAI / / karma0 5 // prAcArya kezava jI bhAsa rAga dhanyAsI tathA lalita DhAla jAgi aba bhora bhayo nAbhi ke naMdA zrI kezavajI saMgha seveM mana bhAyo, satara varase saMgha sAthe dhanarAja mela karavA pAse Ayo zrI keshvjii01|| netasI pitA navaraMgade, solase paMcottare jAyo / nivyAsII navasaM saMjama leI sattAguI gaNi pada pAyo / / zrIkeza0 2 / / vicaratAM terottare saMvacchara surati nayara sohaayo| borA dhIrajI vicAra karInaI dhanarAjajIne teDAyo / / zrIkeza0 3 // mela karatAM manoratha phaliyAM lAlamaNa pAe Ayo / tina thivara gachamAhe AyA saghale jasa savAyo / / zrIkeza0 4 // satara vIsotarai jeTha vadi navamI kolade aNasaNa ThAyo / tyAre borA vIrajI ne nAmeM lakhi ne, gacchano bhAra bhlaayo|| shriikesh05|| cauda gRhAvAsa batrIsa saMjama meM barasa trevIsa pada dharAyo / barasa chetAlIsa sarava Ayu pAlI svarge thayo sura rAyo / shriikesh06|| rAga dhanyAsI hamAre dolati gurunI dayAthI, zrIkezavajI nI dhurathI kapA moTI mahimA gurunI mayAthI / / hmaare01|| saMvata satara ekavIseM saMbachara borA vIrajI hiiyaatii| baisAkha sudi 7 sAtama budhavAre gaccha bhalAvyo gurunA kahyAthI / hamAre0 2 // Jain Elon For Private & Personal use only
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________________ muni kAntisAgara : lokAzAha kI paraMparA aura usakA ajJAta sAhitya : 253 saMgha vaMdAvatAM dharmano mahimA gurubhAI suM saMtoSa thayAthI / gaNi tegasiMghaneM suguru prasAdeM sarava saMpati sukha sayAthI / hamAre0 3 // pUrabe paMcapATa viddha jAMNI vicAryA mana nI mayAthI / kAnajI meM pautAsama koSo gaNi tejasiMga pAse rahyAvI | hamAre 4 // saMvata satara tAlIsa sabacchara caumAso sUrati thayAthI / dina-dina daulati adhiko dIsa dusamana doSa gayA thI / hamAre 5 / / kalazalI lukAgaccha utapati kahI te satya saMgha seve sAMbhalau sahI / valI sAdha sArA guNa bhaMDArA thayA ghaTanAma te kahI // valI vATa pAToghara dharama dhuraMdhara gAMma nAme save kahyA / tehanAM poca kalyANaka mAtA pitA nAma jAMNI paramparAe lahyA // saMvata satara ekAvana saMvachara dIvanagara comAsa / e bhaNa guNeM je kahe gaNi tejasiMgha tasa ghara saMpati sukhavAsae || iti zrIguru - guNamAlA bhAsa sampUrNa // sarvagAthA 66 / / isa prati meM aMtima eka aura sAmUhika gIta hai jo isa prakAra hai-- rAga dezAkha bhAvaka mukAyAM // la0 1 // dIpAvyAM / miTAyA // la0 2 // saravA / taravA ||la0 3 // labadhavaMta kAhI siddhAnta vacana suNAvineM mithyAta asaMyata pUjana uthApineM dayA dharma sAMta AMtara jima jirage mithyAta bhAMNa bhIma danu bhImajI jagamala muni rUpaRSi saMjama liyo bhavasAyara tasa pATe jIvaRSi thayA pATe varasaMgha jAMge / varasaMgha tasa pATa valI mAne sahu saMgha jasavaMta rUpa dAmodarU karmasiMha kula tasa pATa kezava gaNi teja adhike vAMna // la0 5 // zrIjeThamalajI dvArA ahamadAbAda ke kisI aMgreja ucca adhikArI avikala rUpa se uddhRta karanA saMbhava nahIM. AMNa ||la0 4 // bhAMNa / samabhAvyAM / ina aitihAsika sphuTa gItoM ke atirikta bhI svAmI ko preSita patra prApta hai para sthAnAbhAva ke kAraNa use anta meM lokAzAha ke anugAmiyoM se nivedana karanA cAhU~gA ki ve itastataH vizRMkhalita mahattvapUrNa aitihAsika sAmagrI ke AdhAra para apane pUre itivRtta ke prakAzana para dhyAna deM. merA vizvAsa hai yadi aisA kiyA gayA to aneka mUlyavAn navya aura bhavya tathya prakAza meM Ane kI pUrNa saMbhAvanA hai. 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 305 30 30 30 30 30 305 30 34308308
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________________ Jain Education Intemational
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________________ muni zrIhajArImala smRti-graMtha------ darzana aura - -dvitIya adhyAya dharma Jain Education Intemational
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________________ Jain Education Intemational
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________________ zrI jJAna bhArilla, ema0 e0 ananya aura aparAjeya jainadarzana jainadarzana isa vizva meM Aja taka pracalita aura pratipAdita hue samasta darzanoM meM adbhuta, ananya aura aparAjeya hai. isa saMsAra kA vaha sarvazreSTha darzana hai. isa kathana kI satyatA una sudhI aura dhairyavAn pAThakoM ke samakSa spaSTa hue vinA nahIM raha sakatI jo vAstava meM satya ke anveSI haiM aura jo taTastha bhAva se, kisI bhI pUrvAgraha se rahita hokara jainadarzana ke viSaya meM jAnanA cAhate haiM. isase pUrva ki hama isa nibandha meM jainadarzana kI una vizeSatAoM para vicAra kareM jo anya kisI bhI darzana meM hameM dekhane ko nahIM milatIM, itanA spaSTa kara denA anivArya hai ki hamArI isa vicAraNA ke pIche zuddha satya aura vAstavikatA ke jJAna kI bhAvanA hI hai, kisI anya dharma ke prati upekSA yA IrSyA kA leza mAtra bhI nahIM hai. eka-eka tathya jo isa nibandha meM prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai, use dekha kara pAThaka svayaM bhI aisA hI anubhava kareMgeaisA hamArA vizvAsa hai. kabhI-kabhI eka vicitra prazna pUchA jAtA hai. yadi jainadarzana aisA zreSTha hai, itanA sampUrNa darzana hai, to phira usakA anusaraNa karanevAle vyaktiyoM kI saMkhyA itanI kama kyoM hai ? isa prazna kA uttara sIdhA aura spaSTa hai. manuSya kA svabhAva hai ki vaha kaThinAI se bacanA cAhatA hai aura sarala mArga para cala nikalatA hai. Aja ke isa sva-kendrita bhautika yuga meM to yaha pravRtti apane carama-bindu para hai. Aja kA bhautikavAdI manuSya-samAja apane lie aura isa saMsAra ke isa jIvana ke lie sArI sukha-suvidhAe~ baTora lenA cAhatA hai aura usameM apane jIvana kI carama sArthakatA samajhatA hai, jaba ki jainadarzana, svArtha se pare paramArtha aura satya kI ora dRSTi rakhatA hai, manuSya ko tyAga ke mArga kI ora saMketa karatA hai aura bhautika nahIM, AdhyAtmika sukha pradAna karane kA mArga hai. yahI kAraNa hai ki Aja jainadarzana ke anuyAyiyoM kI aura jainadarzana ko samajhane aura svIkAra karanevAloM kI saMkhyA na kevala kama hai, balki pratidina kama hotI jA rahI hai. yaha asamarthatA, ayogyatA aura durbhAgya Aja ke bhautikavAdI manuSya kA hai,--darzana athavA dharma kI sthiti isase parivartita nahIM hotI. balki isase yahI pramANita hotA hai ki yaha darzana koI kAma calAU darzana nahIM, hamAre sAMsArika svArthoM kI pUrti ke lie oDha lI gaI koI banAvaTI nakAba nahIM--yaha vaha Thosa, dRr3ha aura acala AdhAra hai jisake sahAre Age bar3hakara aura Upara car3hakara hama apane vAstavika aura antima lakSya-AdhyAtmika vikAsa aura sampUrNa Atmavizuddhi taka pahu~ca sakate haiM. aura yaha citra to Aja kI sthiti kA hai, jaba ki manuSya vigata kucha zatAbdiyoM se dhIre-dhIre kintu spaSTa rUpa se avanati kI ora bar3hA hai, jahA~ taka mAnavocita guNoM kA sambandha hai. vijJAna aura sabhyatA ( jise Aja sabhyatA kahA jAtA hai, kI dRSTi se vaha cAhe svayaM ko Age bar3hA samajhe, kiMtu mAnavatA ke jo mahAn aura svAbhAvika aura sthAyI guNa haiM unakI dRSTi se Aja ke yuga kA mAnava pIche kI ora hI calA hai, kamajora aura ayogya hI huA hai. lekina vaha bhI yuga thA jaba manuSya bhautika svArthoM meM isa taraha aura itanA lipta nahIM thA. aura taba vaha apanI AtmA ko Aja se adhika Jain Education Intemational For private & Personal use only
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________________ 258 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya mmmmmmmmmm pahacAnatA thA, jIvana ke artha aura sArthakatA ko adhika jAnatA thA aura apane antima aura eka mAtra lakSya para sIdhA calane kA prayatna karatA thA. isa yuga meM jainadharma-jo eka cirantana jyoti ke samAna prANI-mAtra ke patha ko pAlokita karatA hai ke anuyAyI karor3oM kI saMkhyA meM the. itihAsa ulaTane para aitihAsika tathyoM aura anusaMdhAnoM ke AdhAra para yaha siddha hotA hai ki maurya-samrAT candragupta aura samprati mahArAjA ke zAsanakAla meM jainiyoM kI saMkhyA 20 karor3a se adhika thI. mi. pharagyusana (Ferguson) ne likhA hai ki bhArata bhara meM jaina saMskRti ke smAraka sthAna-sthAna para bikhare par3e haiM. kisI sthAna para eka cihna banA kara yadi hama khoja kareM to cAra kosa ke ghere meM hameM jaina saMskRti kA koI na koI smAraka avazya upalabdha hogA. zrIgaMgAnAtha benarjI kI mAnyatA ke anusAra bhI IsvI pUrva kI sadiyoM meM jainoM kI saMkhyA karor3oM taka pahuMcatI thI. tAtparya kevala itanA hI hai ki kisI bhI dharma athavA darzana kI satyatA aura zreSThatA kI parIkSA karane kA yaha tarIkA nahIM ki usake anuyAyiyoM kI saMkhyA kI ginatI kI jAya. usakI zreSThatA usameM pratipAdita kiye gaye una tattvoM meM nihita hotI hai jo manuSya ko apane jIvana kI ucca bhUmikA para pahu~cane ke lie prerita karate haiM. jaina darzana ke una vizvaprasiddha siddhAntoM kA, jinake anusaraNa aura pAlanase Aja paga-paga para AzaMkA, yuddha aura vinAza se saMtrasta mAnavatA surakSita ho sakatI hai, kA vicAra hama Age kareMge. jaisA ki hamane pahale kahA, manuSya-svabhAva saralatA ko pakar3ane kI koziza karatA hai aura kaThinAI se bacanA cAhatA hai. satya kA mArga itanA sarala hI hotA to phira kaThinAI zeSa kyA rahatI ? aura yadi gambhIratA se vicAra kiyA jAe to kaThinAI jo hameM mAlUma par3atI hai vaha hamArI kamajorI meM se AI hai. hama jJAna se ajJAna kI ora caleM, prakAza se andhakAra kI ora bar3heM aura mArga meM ThokareM khAkara ruka jAe~ to vaha hamArI hI nAsamajhI hai, hamArA hI ajJAna hai. Aiye, hama ajJAna se jJAna kI ora caleM. andhakAra se prakAza kI ora bar3heM- jainadarzana ke Aloka-loka meM apane aMdha. kAragrasita netra kholeM. jainadarzana kI jJAnAJjana-zalAkA se apanI 'ajJAnatimirAndha' A~kheM unmIlita kareM. dharma aura darzana dharma aura darzana paraspara itane saMbaMdhita haiM ki yadi unheM eka hI vastu mAna liyA jAe taba bhI anucita nahIM hogA. dharma kA sambandha AcAra se hai aura yaha eka spaSTa bAta hai ki AcAra aura vicAra kA bahuta hI pragADha saMbaMdha hai. acche vicAroM ke vinA acche AcaraNa kI AzA nahIM kI jA sakatI aura acche AcaraNa ke vinA acche vicAroM kA mana meM uThanA azakya hai. AcAra aura vicAra paraspara eka dUsare ko zakti dete hue calate haiM / yadi koI manuSya nirantara acchA AcaraNa rakhatA hai to usakI vicAradhArA bhI dhIre-dhIre zuddha hotI calatI hai aura isI taraha yadi koI manuSya nirantara acche vicAra rakhatA hai to usakA AcaraNa bhI, yadi vaha zuddha nahIM hai to dhIre-dhIre zuddha aura acchA hotA jAtA hai. yahA~ hameM darzana kI AvazyakatA aura upayogitA kA anubhava hotA hai. hameM yaha vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai ki acchA AcaraNa kise kaheM ? pratyeka vyakti ko apane hI manonukUla jaisA bhI AcaraNa acchA lage vahI 'acchA' ho, yaha Avazyaka nahIM. aisA ho to manuSya apanI vRttiyoM aura indriyoM ko acchA lagane vAlA pratyeka AcaraNa acchA samajha kara vyavahAra karane lage aura pariNAmataH samAja meM eka ucchRGkhalatA vyApta ho jAya. ataH hameM isa pariNAma para AnA hI hogA ki acchA vaha hai jo satya ho. aura satya kyA hai isakA nirNaya karane ke liye hameM eka nizcita aura vyavasthita darzana kI AvazyakatA hai. aba jo prazna hamAre sAmane upasthita hotA hai vaha yaha ki vaha kauna-sA darzana hai jisakA Azraya lekara hama sahI mArga para Age bar3ha sakate haiM ? vaise to saMsAra meM jitane bhI darzana haiM, sabhI manuSya ko suvicAra pradAna karate haiM, kintu jaina dArzanikoM ne isa vizva ko anekAntavAda nAma se jo darzana bheMTa kiyA hai, usakI samatA koI anya darzana nahIM kara sakatA. kyoMki yaha darzana eka JainEduca Person OSE
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________________ Jain dan jJAna bhArilla : ananya aura aparAjeya jainadarzana : 256 aisI paddhati se yukta hai jo manuSya ko kisI bhI vastu ke viSaya meM bhinna-bhinna dRSTikoNoM se vicAra karane kI samajha pradAna karatA hai. Aja pazcima bhautikavAdI ho cukA hai. bhautika sukha aura vikAsa hI usakA lakSya hai. usakA darzana bhautika evaM sAMsArika sukhoM ke cAroM ora hI ghUmatA hai. pariNAmataH pazcima ke deza darzana ke pUrNa vikAsa se bahuta hI dUra par3e hue haiM. jabaki bhArata meM dharma tathA darzana bhautika vikAsa yA sukha ke sAdhana na mAne jAkara Atma vikAsa ke sAdhana mAne gae haiM. prakRti kI koI sAMketika lIlA hI samajhA jA sakatA hai ki duniyA bhara ke sabhI dharmo kA udbhavasthAna eziyA khaNDa hI rahA hai. hindUdharma, jainadharma, bauddhadharma, IsAI dharma aura islAma dharma - ye pAMcoM dharma Aja ke vizva ke mukhya dharma haiM. inameM se saMsAra ne jaina, bauddha aura hindU-dharma ko to bhArata meM vikasita hote dekhA hai jaba ki islAma aura IsAI dharma bhI eziyA se hI astitva meM Ae haiM. ' islAma, IsAI aura bauddha dharma to pichale do DhAI hajAra varSa se hI astitva meM Ae haiM. ise sArA saMsAra jAnatA hai. zeSa rahate haiM hindU tathA jainadharma ina donoM ke anuyAyI apane-apane dharma ko anAdikAlIna hone kA dAvA karate haiM. hameM isa nibandha meM isa carcA meM nahIM par3anA hai ki kauna-sA dharma prAcIna yA anAdi hai aura kauna-sA apekSAkRta nayA. aura kisI bhI dharma athavA darzana kI zreSThatA kevala isa bAta para nirbhara nahIM karatI ki vaha kitanA purAnA hai. ThIka vaise hI jaise ki vaha apane anuyAyiyoM kI saMkhyA para bhI nirbhara nahIM karatI. kintu yadi hama khoja kareM to yaha prakaTa hotA hai ki vedoM aura bhAgavata Adi graMthoM meM, jo ki hindU dharmazAstroM meM adhika se adhika prAcIna mAne gae haiM, jainoM ke vartamAna tIrthaMkaracauvIsI ke pahale tIrthaMkara zrI RSabhadeva ke sambandha meM ullekha milate haiM. isase sahaja hI yaha siddha hotA hai ki ina donoM dharmoM meM bhI jaina dharma hI adhika prAcIna hai. aitihAsika pramANoM dvArA siddha isa bAta ko aneka pAzcAtya tathA bhAratIya vidvAnoM ne svIkAra kiyA hai. jaina anuzruti ke anusAra bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kisI naye tatvadarzana kA pracAra nahIM kiyA hai. pArzvanAtha ke tattvajJAna se unakA koI matabheda nahIM. kintu jaina anubuti isase bhI Age jAtI hai. usake anusAra zrIkRSNa ke samakAlIna tIrthaMkara ariSTanemi kI paramparA ko hI pArzvanAtha ne grahaNa kiyA thA. aura svayaM ariSTanemi ne prAgaitihAsika kAla meM hone vAle naminAtha se isa prakAra yaha anuzruti hameM RSabhadeva, jo bharata cakravartI ke pitA the, taka pahu~cA detI hai. isake anusAra to vartamAna veda se lekara upaniSad paryanta sampUrNa sAhitya kA mUla srota RSabhadeva dvArA praNIta janatatvavicAra hI hai. jahA~ taka darzana kA prazna hai, hindU-dharma meM usakI aneka zAkhAe~ haiM aura hindU dArzanikoM meM hindU-darzana ke siddhAntoM ke sambandha meM matabheda haiM. vedAnta, naiyAyika, vaizeSika, sAMkhya, yoga, mImAMsA, cArvAka Adi-ye bhinna-bhinna zAkhAe~ hindU dharma meM haiM. isake atirikta vedAnta meM advaita aura viziSTAdvaita Adi bhI aneka upazAkhAe~ haiM. vaidikadharmasammata cauvIsa avatAroM meM Adya jainatIrthaMkara RSabhanAtha aura bauddhadharmapraNetA buddha bhI sammilita kiye gaye haiM. ina saba bAtoM para vicAra karane se aisA lagane lagatA hai ki vaidikadharmaM koI eka dharma hI nahIM hai. kintu ina saba meM eka mAtra jainadarzana hI eka aisA darzana hai jisameM sthiratA, ekatA, aura mUlabhUta dRr3hatA vidyamAna hai. isa darzana meM tattvAzrita zAkhAe~ athavA upamArga nahIM haiM. dharmAcaraNa kI dRSTi se jainadharma meM digambara, zvetAmbara sthAnakavAsI Adi zAkhAeM haiM kintu darzana kI bhUmikA para ve sabhI bAlAeM eka hai aura ekamata hI hai. hajAroM varSoM pUrva, nahIM, anAdi kAla se jaina tIrthaMkaroM ne Thosa siddhAnta saMsAra ke samakSa rakhe haiM. ve Aja bhI jyoM ke tyoM maujUda haiMspaSTa hai ki aisA hone kA koI vizeSa kAraNa bhI honA cAhiye. yahI kAraNa jainadarzana kI viziSTatA hai. kevala prAcInatA kI dRSTi se jainadarzana kI viziSTatA kA dAvA nahIM kiyA gayA hai. yaha nivedana hama pUrva kara cuke haiM. 1. anekAnta va syAdavAda - sva0 candulAla zAha. 2. nyAyAvatAra vArtikavRtti (prastAvanA) www.ainibrary.org
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________________ 260 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-prantha : dvitIya adhyAya jainadarzana kI viziSTatA aura zreSThatA usake darzana, usake tattvajJAna meM nihita hai. jainadarzana kA vaha viziSTa aura sarvocca siddhAnta anekAntavAda hai. anekAntavAda kI eka viziSTa mahattvapUrNa tathA pramANayukta paddhati hai. saMsAra ke jitane bhI vidvAn isa tarkapaddhati ke paricaya meM Ate haiM, ve sabhI isa para mugdha ho jAte haiM. harmana jekobI, DA0 sTInakono, DA0 TesITorI, DA0 pArolDa, barnArDa zA jaise coTI ke pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ne isa darzana aura isa tarkapaddhati kI mukta kaNTha se prazaMsA kI hai. anekAnta ke viSaya meM hama Age vistAra se vicAra kareMge. yahA~ hameM itanA hI kahanA abhISTa hai ki jainadArzanikoM ne pratyeka vastu kA eka sthAna para aneka dRSTiyoM se nirIkSaNa karane kI apanI advitIya paddhati se na kevala apane hI darzana kI, kintu saMsAra ke sabhI darzanoM kI chAnabIna kI hai aura yaha siddha kiyA hai ki ye sAre darzana kevala eka hI anta (ekAnta) para AdhArita haiM. alaga-alaga dRSTibinduoM para vicAra kiye vinA hI, sirpha eka hI ora se vicAra karake ina darzanoM kI racanA kI gaI hai. jainadArzanikoM ne yaha siddha kiyA hai ki jainadarzana sAtoM nayoM (jinheM sAta anta athavA sAta chora kahA jA sakatA hai) para AdhArita hai, isalie sampUrNa aura avicala hai, jabaki zeSa mukhya-mukhya darzana eka hI anta athavA chora para AdhArita haiM, isalie apUrNa aura aikAMtika haiM. hama yahA~ para ullekha karanA ucita aura saMgata samajhate haiM ki bhinna-bhinna darzana kisa-kisa eka-eka naya para racita haiM. yathA-- (1) advaita vedAnta aura sAMkhya, saMgraha naya para AdhArita haiM. (2) naiyAyika aura vaizeSikadarzana naigama naya para AdhArita haiM. (3) cArvAkamata sirpha vyavahAra naya para AdhArita hai. (4) bauddhamata RjusUtra naya para AdhArita hai. (5) mImAMsaka mata zabda naya para nirbhara hai. (6) vaiyAkaraNadarzana samabhirUDhanaya kA AdhAra lekara calatA hai. (7) inake atirikta anya kaI Extremist (uddAma) tattvajJAna haiM jo saba evaMbhUta naya ke anusAra calate haiM. uparokta sthiti ko dekhate hue jainadarzana hameM eka mahAsamudra kI bhAMti pratIta hotA hai jo ina sAtoM nayoM ko apane meM samAhita kie hue hai. Aiye, aba hama anekAntavAda ke viSaya meM kucha vicAra kareM jisakI sanAtana zakti ke bala para jainadarzana saMsAra kA sarvazreSTha aura digvijayI darzana mAnA jAtA hai. anekAntavAda aura syAdvAda anekAnta zabda kA yadi hama vigraha kareM to hameM usameM tIna zabda milate haiM-an +eka+anta, arthAt jisakA eka aMta nahIM-jisameM aneka anta haiM-vaha anekAnta. kisI bhI vastu ke viSaya meM nirNaya karane se pUrva hameM usake alaga alaga pahaluoM tathA usakI vibhinna sImAoM ko apanI dRSTi meM rakhanA cAhiye. aisA karane para jo nirNaya hama kareMge, usameM hameM vastu kA saccA svarUpa jAnane ko milegA. yaha sunaharI zikSA hameM anekAntavAda detA hai. zrI siddhasena divAkara ne kahA hai jeNa viNA logassa vi vavahAro sabahA na nibvahai tassa bhuvaNekkaguruNo Namo aNegaMtavAyassa // bhAvArtha-jisake vinA lokavyavahAra bhI sarvathA nahIM calatA, usa bhuvana ke zreSTha guru anekAntavAda ko namaskAra ho. iMglaiMDa ke prasiddha vidvAn DA0 thAmasana ne kahA hai ki-Jain logic is very high. The place of syadvad 1. sammatitarka Jain Education
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________________ jJAna bhArilla : ananya aura aparAjeya jainadarzana : 261 in it is very important. It throns a finc light upon the various conditions & states of the things. (nyAyazAstra meM jainanyAya ati ucca hai. usameM syAdvAda kA sthAna ati gambhIra hai. vastuoM kI bhinna-bhinna paristhitiyoM para vaha sundara prakAza DAlatA hai.) mahAmahopAdhyAya rAmazAstrI ne kahA hai--'syAdvAda jainadharma kA abhedya kilA hai. usameM prativAdiyoM ke mAyAmaya gole praveza nahIM kara sakate haiM." paM0 haMsarAja zarmA kahate haiM- "anekAntavAda-syAdvAda anubhavasiddha svAbhAvika aura paripUrNa siddhAnta hai." mahAtmA gAMdhI syAdvAda ke viSaya meM kahate haiM - "anekAntavAda (syAdvAda) mujhe bahuta priya hai. usameM maiMne musalamAnoM kI dRSTi se unakA, IsAiyoM kI dRSTi se unakA, isa prakAra anya sabhI kA vicAra karanA sIkhA. mere vicAroM ko yA kArya ko koI galata mAnatA taba mujhe usakI ajJAnatA para pahale krodha AtA thA. aba maiM unakA dRSTibindu unakI A~khoM se dekha sakatA hU~, kyoMki maiM jagat ke prema kA bhUkhA hU~. anekAntavAda kA mUla ahiMsA aura satya kA yugala hai." gAMdhIjI dvArA kahI gaI bAta rAjanIti ke kSetra meM kitanI upayogI aura mahattvapUrNa hai, yaha spaSTa hai. vaijJAnika kSetra meM syAdvAda ne apanI upayogitA siddha kI hai. vastuoM ko aneka dRSTi se dekhanA, jA~canA aura unake vividha guNa-dharmoM se paricita honA anekAnta dRSTi ke atirikta aura kyA hai ? yadi vijJAna apanI pahale se calI A rahI mAnyatAoM se hI jakar3A rahatA aura kaI-aneka dRSTiyoM ko nahIM apanAtA to kyA vaha apanI koI bhI zodha kAryAnvita kara sakatA thA ? lohA bahuta bhArI hotA hai aura pAnI meM DUba jAtA hai, aisI ekAnta rUDha mAnyatA bahuta samaya se calI A rahI hai. kintu vijJAna ne use anya dRSTiyoM se dekhane kA prayatna kiyA. isa prayatna aura prayoga meM lohA halkA bhI bana jAtA hai aura isa kAraNa se pAnI para taira sakatA hai. usake isa anekAntajJAna ne lohe ke jalayAna samudra meM calA die. isI prakAra bijalI, dhvani, aNuzakti Adi se sambandhita sabhI cIjeM anekAnta dRSTi para hI avalambita haiM. vaijJAnika jagat meM aneka samasyAe~ ghirI huI thIM. kintu san 1905 meM jaba pro0 AinsaTIna ne saMsAra ke sammukha apanA sApekSavAda siddhAnta (Theory of Relativity) rakhA, taba unameM se adhikA~za samasyAoM kA samAdhAna sahaja hI meM ho sakA. yaha sApekSAvAda kyA hai ? syAdvAda athavA anekAntavAda kA hI dUsarA nAma sApekSavAda hai. jainazAstroM meM syAdvAda ko spaSTa rUpa se apekSAvAda yA sApekSavAda kahA gayA hai.' jaina dArzanikoM dvArA syAdvAda aura anekAntavAda, ina donoM zabdoM kA prayoga samAna artha meM kiyA gayA hai. ataH unameM koI bhinnatA nahIM hai.2 kisI vastu kA eka hI anta athavA chora athavA pahalU athavA guNadharma dekhakara jaba usake samasta svarUpa kA nirNaya kara liyA jAya to vaha ekAntavAda hai. kintu jaba vastu ke aneka anta, chora, pahalU athavA guNadharmoM kA avalokana karake usake sambandha meM nirNaya kiyA jAya to vaha anekAntavAda hai. kahA gayA hai ki "ekasmin vastuni sApekSarItyA viruddhanAnAdharmasvIkAro hi syAdvAdaH" eka hI padArtha meM sApekSa rIti se nAnA prakAra ke virodhI dharmoM kA svIkAra karanA hI syAdvAda hai.' yahA~ hameM syAdvAda zabda kI vyutpatti karake usake sahI artha ko samajha lenA cAhie. syAdvAda zabda 'syAd' aura 'vAda' ina do padoM se banA huA hai. ataH isakA artha huA-syAt zabda kI mukhyatA vAlA vAda-syAdvAda. vAda kA artha to spaSTa hai-kathana athavA pratipAdana. kintu syAd zabda atyanta rahasyapUrNa hai aura usake ThIka artha ko samajha lenA atyanta 1. jainadharmasAra 2. anekAntAtmakArthakathanaM syAdavAdaH laghIyastrayaTIkA. 3. syAdvAdo'nekAntavAdaH. -syAvAdamaMjarI. C AD) owwwwvory 10101010101010 oldlolo.olony Jain Edt mehrary.org
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________________ 262 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya Avazyaka hai. isa pada kA artha ThIka nahIM samajha kara saMsAra ke bar3e-bar3e vidvAnoM ne bhUla kI hai aura pariNAmataH syAdvAda ko saMzayavAda athavA vivartavAda kahA hai. jaina graMthoM meM aneka aise vivecana haiM jo isa pada kA sahI rahasya athavA artha batAte haiM phira bhI yaha bhrAMtipUrNa paramparA aba taka calI A rahI hai. jo zabda jisa artha meM prayukta huA ho usI artha meM use grahaNa kiyA jAnA cAhie. anyathA yadi artha kA anartha ho to usameM kyA Azcarya hai ? bhASA ke anusAra syAt zabda kA artha bhale hI 'sambhavataH' athavA 'kadAcit' hotA ho, kintu yahA~ para 'syAt' zabda isa artha meM prayukta nahIM huA hai. isakA prayoga kathaMcit arthAt 'viziSTa apekSA se' isa artha meM huA hai. isa artha meM jaba hama 'syAt asti ghaTaH' athavA 'syAt nAsti ghaTaH' kahate haiM taba usakA yaha artha nahIM hotA ki sambhava hai yahA~ ghar3A hai, athavA sambhava hai yahA~ ghar3A nahIM hai. kintu isakA artha hotA hai 'kathaMcit' arthAt 'kisI viziSTa apekSA se' yaha ghar3A hai. aura kathaMcit-kisI viziSTa apekSA se yaha ghar3A nahIM hai. astu, syAt pada kisI prakAra saMzaya athavA sambhAvanA prakaTa karane ke lie nahIM, apitu eka nizcita apekSA kA dRSTikoNa prakaTa karane ke liye prayukta kiyA gayA hai. aMgrejI bhASA meM syAt pada kA artha (It may be perhaps, perchance) isa prakAra kiyA jAtA hai jo ki sarvathA galata hai. saMgata aura sahI artha hai-(Under certain circumstances). ataH jahA~ syAt asti aura syAt nAsti aise pada kahe gae hoM vahA~ (Perhaps it is, Perhaps it is not) aisA galata artha karane ke sthAna para (Under certain circumstances it is) tathA (Under certain circumstances it is not) aisA artha jAnA cAhie. sara moniyara viliyamsa kI vizvavikhyAta saMskRta-iMgliza DiksanarI meM yaha artha diyA huA hai. phira bhI hama yadi isakA artha (Rigarding certain aspects) arthAt amuka apekSA se kareM to vaha adhika vyAvahArika hogA. AcArya malliSeNa ne syAdvAdamaMjarI meM spaSTa kahA hai ki 'syAdityavyayamanekAntadyotakam' arthAt syAt avyaya anekAnta kA dyotaka hai. uparokta vivecana se itanA to aba hama samajha hI cuke haiM ki kisI bhI eka vastu ko kisI eka hI pakSa se dekhakara usake svarUpa ke sambandha meM nirNaya karanA ekAnta nirNaya hai aura isIliye vaha galata hai. anekAntavAda hameM yahI zikSA detA hai ki kisI bhI viSaya kA nirNaya karane se pahale usake hara pahalU kI jAMca karanA cAhie. kintu itanA hI samajha lenA paryApta nahIM hai ki vastu ke aneka pakSa, aneka anta hote haiM. hameM yaha bhI jAnanA cAhie ki pratyeka vastu meM Apasa meM virodhI ananta-guNa-dharmAtmaka aneka prakAra kI vividhatAeM bharI huI haiM. isa dRSTi se jaina dArzanikoM kA kahanA hai ki jo vastu tattvasvarUpa hai, vaha atattva rUpa bhI hai. jo vastu sat hai, vaha asat bhI hai. jo eka hai, vaha aneka bhI hai. jo nitya hai, vaha anitya bhI hai. isa prakAra hara eka vastu paraspara virodhI guNa dharmoM se bharI huI hai. isa mahattvapUrNa bAta ko ThIka taraha se samajha lene para hI hama anekAnta athavA syAdvAda ke sahI artha ko samajha sakate haiM. svAbhAvika rUpa se yahA~ yaha prazna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki 'jo sat hai vahI asat kaise ho sakatA hai ?' sAmAnya dRSTi se dekhane para hameM pratIta ho sakatA hai ki yaha virodhAbhAsa itanA prabala hai ki ise dekhane se jaina dArzanikoM dvArA kahI gaI bAta meM saMzaya ho sakatA hai. kintu vAstava meM aisI bAta nahIM hai. jaina dArzanikoM ne anekAntavAda kI dRSTi se, aneka bhinna-bhinna dRdhibinduoM tathA vicAradhArAoM kA eka sAtha vicAra karane ke bAda hI yaha 1. pRSTha 1273. 2. jainadharmasAra-sva0 candulAla zAha. 3. pAMcaveM zloka kI vyAkhyA. taAR MPA JainEdir valterwrest ww.janelibrary.org
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________________ jJAna bhArilla : ananya aura aparAjeya jainadarzana : 263 -0-0-0-0 0 bAta kahI hai. dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva kI cAroM apekSAoM, sAtoM nayoM dvArA kI gaI tulanA aura saptabhaMgI se milAna karane ke pazcAt hI jaina zAstrakAroM ne yaha vicitra kintu sampUrNa rUpa se satya bAta kahI hai. udAharaNa se yaha bAta spaSTa ho sakegI. (1) koI davAI hai. vaha eka vizeSa bImArI se pIr3ita manuSya ke lie upayogI hai, lekina vahI davAI dUsare pIr3ita manuSya ke lie vyartha hotI hai. yaha svIkRti tathya hai. ataH eka hI davAI upayogI bhI hai aura vyartha bhI. (2) viSa eka hI hai. kintu vaha alaga-alaga sthitiyoM meM bilakula viparIta kArya karatA hai. vaha manuSya ko mAra bhI detA hai aura vizeSarUpa se, vizeSa saMyoga meM prayoga meM liye jAne para vaha manuSya ko jilAne kA bhI kArya karatA hai. isa taraha viSa, jo eka hI padArtha hai, viSa aura amRta do padArthoM kA kArya karatA hai. arthAt usa eka hI padArtha meM do sarvathA virodhI guNadharma upasthita rahate haiM. -0-0--0--0--0 jainadarzana ke anekAntavAda ke viruddha anya mata svIkAra karane vAloM kA sabase bar3A virodha yaha hai ki jo bastu sat hai vahI vastu asat kaise ho sakatI hai ? jo nitya hai vahI anitya kaise ho sakatI hai ? isakA mukhya kAraNa yahI hai ki unhoMne eka vastu ko eka hI pahalU se, eka hI svarUpa meM dekhA hai, jaba ki jaina dArzanikoM ne vastu ke pUrNa svarUpa ko apanI dRSTi meM rakha kara yaha bAta kahI hai, kisI eka pahalU athavA svarUpa ke sambandha meM yaha bAta unhoMne nahIM kahI hai. gambhIratA se vicAra karane para pratIta hogA ki ye jo virodhI dikhane vAle guNadharma haiM ve vastuta: alaga-alaga nahIM, eka hI haiM. jo sat hai vahI asat hai, donoM eka dUsare meM mile hue haiM, eka ke vinA dUsare kA astitva na kevala nirarthaka hI balki asaMbhava ho jAtA hai. eka kA astitva dUsare ke kAraNa-dUsare ke AdhAra para hI hai. yadi unameM se eka kA nAza ho jAya to dUsare kA astitva bhI nahIM raha sakatA. jagat meM yadi asatya na hotA to satya kI kyA AvazyakatA thI ? asatya hai, isIliye satya bhI hai. paraspara virodhI dikhAI par3ane vAle ye sattva aura asattva Adi dharma tattva ke do svarUpa haiM. anekAnta dRSTi se dekhe jAne para ye donoM bhinna bhI haiM aura abhinna bhI. isI prakAra nitya-anitya, eka-aneka Adi paraspara virodhI guNadharma hote hue bhI vAstava meM eka hI haiM. prakAza aura andhakAra ko hI lIjiye. vaise to ye bhinna tattva haiM. inakA kArya eka dUsare kA virodhI hai. yadi yaha kahA jAya ki eka hI vastu meM prakAza aura andhakAra donoM sAtha rahate haiM, to kyA yaha bAta svIkAra kI jAyegI ? vicAra karane para mAlUma hogA ki yaha satya hai. jaba AkAza meM prakAza thA taba andhakAra kahA~ thA ? prakAza ke Ane para andhakAra kahA~ gayA? kyA andhakAra ke chipane ke lie anya koI sthAna hai ? nahIM. taba phira yaha mAnane meM Apatti kyoM ki ye donoM tattva eka hI haiM athavA eka dUsare meM hI samAhita haiM ? andhakAra jo thA vaha prakAza meM hI vilIna ho gayA, usI taraha jo prakAza thA vaha andhakAra ke Agamana para usameM hI vilIna ho gayA. ata: jo parivartana hameM dikhAI detA hai vaha sirpha avasthA kA hai. rAta kI apekSA se andhakAra aura dina kI apekSA se prakAza ko hama dekhate haiM. ataH jaina dArzanikoM ne andhakAra aura prakAza ke mUlabhUta pudgaloM ko eka mAnA hai. kevala avasthAbheda ke kAraNa hI ve andhakAra aura prakAza ke rUpa meM Ate haiM. isase yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki paraspara virodhI guNadharma vAle ye tattva vAstava meM eka hI tattva ke antargata haiM. yadi hama anekAnta dRSTi se dekheM to hameM ise samajhane meM kaThinAI nahIM ho sakatI hai. bahuta bar3A Azcarya to hameM taba hotA hai jaba vedAnta ke anuyAyI isa bAta kA virodha karate haiM. unakI mAnyatA hai ki prathama jo thA vaha zuddha vizuddha nirguNa brahma thA. usameM se mAyA kA sarjana huA. brahma zuddha hai, mAyA azuddha hai. brahma aura mAyA paraspara virodhI guNa dharma vAle tattva haiM. yadi mAyA kI utpatti brahma se huI to isakA spaSTa artha yaha huA ki utpatti ke pUrva yaha mAyA brahma meM basI huI thI. aura yadi aisA hI hai to usa zuddha brahma ke bhItara hI eka azuddha tattva maujUda thA. isa taraha vedAnta kI kalpanA ke anusAra zuddha aura azuddha-do paraspara virodhI tattva eka sAtha hI the. apanI MODX JainEdtweariomemational
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________________ 264 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya hI mAnyatA aura kalpanA ko kATakara ve isa bAta ko svIkAra nahIM karate. aura yadi kareM to jainadarzana ne jo yaha bAta batAI hai ki 'pratyeka vastu paraspara virodhI guNadharma se yukta hai' use bhI unheM svIkAra karanA hogA. itane vivecana se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki jainadarzana dvArA pratipAdita anekAntadRSTi hI eka aisA mArga hai jo hameM isa saMsAra kI pratyeka vastu ko usake sacce aura vAstavika rUpa meM samajha sakane meM sahAyatA karatA hai. balki yadi aisA kahA jAya ki anekAntadRSTi hI eka mAtra dRSTi hai, zeSa ajJAna hai, to atizayokti nahIM hogI. anekAntadRSTi prApta hote hI hamAre jIvana meM samabhAva kA udaya svAbhAvika rUpa se ho jAtA hai. kyoMki aisA hone para hama kisI bhI vastu athavA ghaTanA kI samasta maryAdAoM, vibhinna pahaluoM ko jAnate aura vicArate haiM. hama yaha jAna jAte haiM ki avasthA-svarUpa badalane se hI vastu meM parivartana AtA hai. isI prakAra dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva ityAdi ke badalane para usa vastu ke svarUpa meM parivartana AtA hai. athavA yoM kaheM ki ina bhinna-bhinna apekSAoM se eka hI vastu bhinna-bhinna svarUpoM meM dikhAI par3atI hai. eka hI deha kAla kI apekSA se bAlyAvasthA, yauvana, adher3AvasthA, vRddhAvasthA Adi avasthAoM meM pahacAnI jAtI hai. dravya kI apekSA se vahI deha komala, majabUta, svastha, pIDita, sazakta, azakta Adi dIkha par3atI hai. kSetrabheda se vahI aMgreja amarIkana hindustAnI Adi rUpa meM jAnI jAtI hai. bhAva kI apekSA se vahI manuSya saumya, raudra, zAnta azAMta sthira-asthira rUpavAna-kurUpa Adi dikhalAI par3atA hai. tAtparya yaha hai ki kisI bhI padArtha meM paraspara virodhI guNadharmoM kA astitva hotA hI hai. jaina dArzanika jaba yaha kahate haiM ki eka hI vastu hai bhI aura nahIM bhI hai ; taba anekAnta dRSTi dvArA hI yaha bAta kahate haiM, aura yaha yathArtha hai. anekAnta dRSTi kI ye bAteM itanI mahattvapUrNa aura samajhane yogya haiM ki yadi hama inheM ThIka prakAra se samajha leM to hamAre sampUrNa jIvana aura sAre saMsAra kI samasyAoM kA hala AsAnI se ho jAya. Aja ke vijJAnavAdI aNu-paramANuoM ke saMzodhanayuga meM hameM yaha bAta samajhane meM koI kaThinAI nahIM honI cAhie ki eka aura aneka donoM eka hI sAtha eka samaya meM hI rahate haiM. jainatattvajJAniyoM ne sarvathA asaMdigdhatA se, bhArapUrvaka yaha bAta kahI hai ki ekAnta nitya se anitya kA yA ekAnta anitya se nitya kA svataMtra udbhava asaMbhava hai. yaha jJAna hameM dvaita advaita aura usakI sabhI zAkhAoM se tathA kSaNikavAda Adi sabhI ekAnta tatvajJAnoM meM nahIM mila sakatA, kyoMki inakI racanA ekAntajJAna ke AdhAra para tathA aikAntika nirNaya dvArA kI gaI hai. ina saba darzanoM ke sammukha jainadarzana kA anekAntavAda eka mahAn samudra kI bhAMti khar3A hai. usake dvArA dI gaI samajha aura jJAna hI eka mAtra saccI samajha aura jJAna hai. vastu ke vibhinna pakSa tathA usI vastu meM rahe hue paraspara virodhI guNadharma hameM ekAnta dRSTi se samajha meM nahIM Ate, dikhAI hI nahIM dete. anekAntadRSTi dvArA hI hama unheM dekha aura samajha sakate haiM. jainadarzana, jahA~ taka darzana kA sambandha hai, eka mahAna siddhi hai. yahI kAraNa hai ki anekAntavAda ko tattvaziromaNi kI upAdhi dI gaI hai.' suvarNa aura kasauTI vaise to anekAntavAda, syAdvAda aura apekSAvAda (sApekSavAda) eka hI haiM. phira bhI yadi hama anekAntavAda ko aura bhI bArIkI se samajhanA cAheM to hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki anekAntavAda ke isa tathya ko ki pratyeka vastu meM paraspara virodhI aneka guNa-dharma hote haiM ; yuktiyukta evaM tArkika DhaMga se prastuta karane ke lie jisa paddhati kI AvazyakatA hai vaha paddhati syAdvAda hai. hama anekAnta ko suvarNa tathA syAdvAda ko kasauTI kI upamA de sakate haiM. athavA anekAnta ko hama eka kile kI tathA syAdvAda ko usa kile taka jAne vAle mArgoM ko batalAne vAle nakze kI upamA bhI de sakate haiM kintu bhUlanA nahIM cAhie ki anekAntavAda tathA syAdvAda eka hI tattvajJAna ke aMga haiM, isa kAraNa ve vastutaH eka hI haiM.2 1. anekAntavAda va syAdvAda-sva0 candUlAla zAha. 2. syAdvAdo'anekAntavAdaH syAdvAdamaMjarI. Jain Ed.Ltion w.jainelibfary.org
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________________ jJAna bhArilla : ananya aura aparAjeya jainadarzana : 265 Aja kA saMkaTagrasta saMsAra, jIvana aura jainadarzana aAjakA yuga, aAja kA saMsAra---yaha bhautika vAda kI ora andhA hokara daur3atA calA jA rahA mAnava-samAja vinAza ke atala garta ke kitanA samIpa A pahuMcA hai, isa bAta ko kauna samajhadAra vyakti nahIM jAnatA? Aja ke manuSya kA jIvana kitanA saMdigdha aura ulajhanoM se bharA huA pratIta hotA hai ? aisA lagatA hai ki cAroM ora saghana andhakAra parivyApta hai aura kahIM kisI dizA meM koI eka bhUlI-bhaTakI kiraNa bhI dikhAI nahIM detI. hama A~kheM hote hue bhI andhe bane haiM. prakAza kI upekSA karake andhakAra kI ora daur3eM to yaha hamArA hI ajJAna hai. kintu yadi apanI sahaja buddhi kA upayoga kareM, taTastha tathA niSpakSa bhAva se vicAra kareM to hamAre lie nirAzA kA koI kAraNa nahIM hai. ananta aura amara AzA kA saMdeza liye hue jainadarzana aura jainadharma ke yuga-yugAntaroM se cale A rahe aTala siddhAnta hamAre dvAra para khar3e haiM. AvazyakatA itanI hI hai ki hama apane hRdaya ke, mana ke avaruddha kapATa unmukta kareM aura una siddhAntoM kA svAgata kareM jo hamAre jIvana ko, hamArI sRSTi ko, hamAre astitva ko surakSita tathA unnata karane ke liye upasthita haiM. Aja hameM jIvana eka samasyA ke samAna pratIta hotA hai. hama cAroM ora se parezAniyoM aura jhaMjhaToM se apane Apako ghirA huA anubhava karate haiM. kyA isakA kAraNa kabhI hamane zAnta citta se vicArA hai ? isakA eka mAtra kAraNa hai ki hama apane sahaja svabhAva ko bhUla baiThe haiM. manuSya jIvana ke jo vAstavika aura hitakArI siddhAnta haiM unheM hamane tyAga diyA hai aura hama ina jhUThe aura bhrAmaka AkarSaNoM kI ora daur3a rahe haiM jo mAtra bhautika haiM, asthAyI haiM, aura isIlie asatya haiM. satya kA mArga jainadarzana jaba hameM batalAtA hai to hama, cUMki hameM buddhivAdI hone kA bhrama aura garva hai, apanA muMha banAkara kahate haiM--yaha sAdhu-saMnyAsiyoM kI bAteM haiM, bhalA isa saMsAra meM yaha kahIM calatA hai ! yaha sAdhu saMnyAsiyoM kI bAteM bhalA Apake isa asAdhu, isa jar3a-anurakta saMsAra meM kaise cala sakatI haiM ? aura nahIM cala sakatIM to na calane dIjie. isase satya ko hAni nahIM hai. Apa hiMsaka bane rahie, apane hI hAthoM mAnavatA kA khUna kIjie, apane hI astitva ko apane hI hAthoM vinaSTa kara dIjie--isameM ahiMsA ke pavitra tattva kI koI hAni hai ? Apa zAyada vicAra kara rahe haiM, vicAra bar3I upayogI vastu hai, vicArie............ Aja kI mAnavatA, mAnavasamAja ke sanmukha jo samasyA hai vaha manuSya ke apane hI svArtha, durbalatA aura ajJAna ke kAraNa hai. Aja kA manuSya kaThinAI kA sAmanA karane ko taiyAra nahIM hai, vaha kaThinAI se to muMha mor3a kara bhAgatA hI hai, svayaM apanI durbalatAoM ko bhI spaSTa rUpa se samajhane se katarAtA hai. yaha manuSya kI palAyanavRtti (Escape tendency) hai. aura vizvAsa kIjiye jaba taka yaha vRtti manuSya meM hai taba taka vaha kisI bhI prakAra apanA hita nahIM kara sakatA. use nirantara avanati aura vinAza kI ora hI khisakate cale jAnA hogA. jIvana meM kisI bhI du:kha athavA samasyA ke A par3ane para use dUra karane, usakA samAdhAna DhUMDha nikAlane kA mArga kyA hai ? jainadarzana kahatA hai ki apane viveka kA upayoga karo, yaha vicAra karo ki vaha dukha kyA hai, usakA svarUpa kaisA hai, usakA kAraNa kyA hai, use dUra karane kA upAya kyA hai ? dukha AyA hai to usake sAmane hamAre pAsa jo sukha ho usakA vicAra hameM karanA cAhie. aisA vicAra hamAre mana ko zAnta aura suvyavasthita karegA. isa taraha zAnta bane hue citta se apanI viveka-buddhi kA upayoga karake yadi hama vicAra karane lageMge to hameM sApha dikhAI degA ki AyA huA, athavA mAnA huA vaha dukha dUra kiyA jA sakatA hai. usa dukha ke pIche hI sukha bhI rahA huA hai. hama usa dukha ke kAraNoM ko jAna sakeMge. aura kAraNa jAnane ke bAda hama use dUra karane kA puruSArtha bhI kara sakeMge. isa prakAra kI samajha aura usa samajha se dikhAI par3ane vAlA unnati kA evaM sukha kA rAjamArga hameM kevala syAdvAda ke dvArA hI milegA. JainEduca
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________________ 266 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya hmmmmmmmmm tAtparya yaha hai ki manuSya-samAja ke samakSa Aja jo samasyAe~, jo bhI kaThinAiyA~ haiM, unakA astitva isIliye hai ki hameM jIvana kA, jIvana ke uddezya kA, jIne kI paddhati kA spaSTa jJAna nahIM hai. yadi hameM yaha jJAna ho jAya to Aja dhvaMsa ke kagAra para khar3I huI mAnavatA kI rakSA nizcita rUpa se ho sakatI hai. aura isa jJAna kI mazAla ko majabUtI se apane hAthoM meM cira kAla se-anAdi kAla se thAmeM hue jainadarzana eka acala jyotistambha ke samAna khar3A hai. Aiye, hama jarA vicAra kareM ki jainadarzana hamAre sAmane kyA siddhAnta upasthita karatA hai. jainadarzana kI viziSTa prAcArapaddhati kauna nahIM jAnatA ki hamArA mana, manuSya mAtra kA mana, A~kha, kAna, nAka, jIbha aura tvacA ina pAMcoM indriyoM ke sahayoga se kArya karatA hai. yadi inameM se eka bhI indriya kArya nahIM karatI to jIvana khaMDita ho jAtA hai. ThIka isI prakAra janadArzanikoM ne manuSya ke AcaraNa--manuSya ke jIvana-vyavahAra ke lie eka aisI viziSTa AcArapaddhati batAI hai jisakA anusaraNa aura pAlana yadi hama karane laga jAyaM to yaha nizcita spaSTa aura avazyambhAvI hai ki hamAre sAmane Aja jo hamAre vinAza kA bhaya upasthita ho gayA hai usase hameM sahaja hI mukti mila jAya tathA mAnava-samAja eka sukhI samAja bana jAya. isa AcArapaddhati ke pramukha siddhAnta nimna prakAra haiM :- (1) ahiMsA (2) satya (3) asteya (4) brahmacarya (5) aparigraha. ina mahAn arthagambhIra aura parama kalyANakArI siddhAntoM ke viSaya meM zAbdika dRSTi se hama prAyaH logoM ko bAta-cIta karate dekhate haiM. lekina unameM se kitane haiM jo inake vAstavika artha ko samajhate haiM ? kitane haiM jo gambhIratA se inake marma para vicAra karate haiM ? inakA pAlana karanA to dUra-bahuta dUra kI bAta hai. ye siddhAnta itane mahAn haiM ki inameM se pratyeka para alaga-alaga vizAla graMthoM kI racanA kI jA sakatI hai. kintu hama yahA~ para unakA atyanta saMkSepa meM vivecana kareMge aura dekheMge ki Aja ke jagat ko vaha kitanI bar3I zakti, kitanA ananta prakAza aura sukha dene kI sAmarthya rakhate haiM. ahiMsA zabda Aja vizvavyApaka bana cukA hai. kintu ahiMsA kA bahuta sthUla artha hI adhikatara logoM ne samajhA hai. loga samajhate haiM ki dUsare mAnava ko dukha pahu~cAne vAlA koI kArya nahIM karanA hI ahiMsA hai. yaha bahuta hI sImita artha hai. hiMsA ke sacce artha meM kevala manuSya hI nahIM balki pazu-pakSI kIr3e-makor3e ityAdi sUkSma jIvoM kI hiMsA bhI vayaM hai. kyoMki unakI hiMsA karane se bhI hamArA hRdaya kaThora aura krUra banatA hai. aura kaThora aura krUra hRdaya meM sAtvika bhAva jAgrata nahIM hote. pUrNatayA aura sahI artha meM ahiMsA kA pAlana karanA hI jIvana ko nIMva se sundara aura sukhI banAne kA upAya hai. jaina dArzanikoM dvArA pratipAdita ahiMsA ke siddhAnta kI yahI vizeSatA hai ki vaha apanI isa mahAn bhAvanA ko na kevala manuSya taka hI, balki jIva mAtra taka vistArita karatA hai. isa sRSTi meM apanA sUkSma se sUkSma bhI astitva rakhane vAle pratyeka prANI ko jainadarzana eka svataMtra AtmA svIkAra karake usake hita aura upakAra kI bhAvanA para bala detA hai. jaina ahiMsA kA yahI bAstavika, vyApaka aura viziSTa svarUpa hai. yadi saMsAra isa vyApaka svarUpa meM isakA pAlana kare to yaha saMsAra hI svarga ke samAna sukha kA sthAna bana jAya, satya kA artha hai asatya kathana athavA vicAra na karanA. asatya meM hiMsA bhI nihita hai. hamAre asatya vacana athavA asatya AcaraNa se kisI anya ko duHkha avazya hogA. aura dharma tathA darzana kA vicAra karane vAle pAThakoM ko vistAra se yaha samajhAne kI AvazyakatA nahIM ki anya ko diyA gayA duHkha svayaM hamAre liye kyA lekara AegA? asteya kA artha hai corI nahIM karanA. yahA~ isa corI zabda kA artha kevala kAnUna kI bhASA ke artha taka hI sImita nahIM samajhanA cAhie. isakA artha hai jo hamArA nahIM hai, nyAyapUrvaka hamArA nahIM hai use svIkAra nahIM karanA. aisI koI bhI vastu lenA, jisa para nyAyapUrvaka hamArA adhikAra na ho, corI mAnA gayA hai. YOOO .9 / -IDIRLna ope... 6 Jain luetom) Pration arrivandersondisecs e / jandiary.org
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________________ jJAna bhArilla : ananya aura aparAjeya jainadarzana: 267 brahmacarya eka atyanta vyApaka vrata hai, isakA pUrNatayA pAlana saMsArI manuSyoM ke liye saMbhava nahIM hai. kintu vyavahAra meM ise do prakAra se lAgU kiyA gayA hai. eka to parastrI ke prati kudRSTi athavA kuvicAra na karanA, dUsare svapatnI ke sAtha abrahmacarya kA sevana sImita karanA. isameM mana, vacana kAya tInoM para aMkuza rakhanA Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai. aparigraha antima AcAra mAnA gayA hai. Aja jo saMsAra kI sthiti hai usameM aparigraha ke siddhAnta kA pAlana kitanA upayogI hai, yaha bahuta AsAnI se samajhA jA sakatA hai. aparigraha kA artha hai-apanI AvazyakatA se adhika saMgraha na karanA. Aja isa bhautika jagat meM hamAre cAroM ora jo sAmAjika aura rAjanaitika durdazA dikhAI par3atI hai, usakA eka pradhAna kAraNa aparigraha vrata kA pAlana na karanA bhI hai. Aja ke saMsAra meM dhanavAn tathA garIba varga ke bIca asahya asamAnatA meM se kArla mArksa (Karl Marx) kA nayA arthazAstra utpanna huA. usase preraNA pAkara lenina (Lenin) ne rUsa meM eka jabaradasta krAnti upasthita kI. usameM se sAmyavAda tathA samAjavAda utpanna huye aura unase raktamaya krAntiyA~ huIM. jaina samAja-zAstriyoM ne Aja se hajAroM-lAkhoM varSoM pUrva aparigraha kA jo arthazAstra banAyA thA, yadi usakA pAlana kiyA gayA hotA to dveSa, vidveSa mArakATa aura vyApaka hisA se pUrNa ghaTanAe~ vizva meM na hotI. kArla mArksa, lenina, sTAlina, cAu ena lAI Adi sAmyavAdiyoM dvArA apanAI gaI vicAradhArAe~ tathA kAryapraNAliyA~ bhI ghAtaka hI haiM. kyoMki inake pIche ahiMsA kI koI bhAvanA nahIM hai. zauSakoM kI hiMsA ke viruddha sAmyavAdiyoM kI hiMsA AI. kintu hiMsA se hiMsA nahIM miTatI, hiMsA se dukha samApta nahIM hotA, hiMsA se sukha prakaTa ho hI nahIM sakatA. yaha eka bhayAnaka viSamacakra hai, aura aparigraha kA abhAva isake mUla meM hai. mAnava jAti ko yadi sukha aura zAnti cAhie to isakA saccA aura saphala upAya aparigraha kA pAlana hI hai. sAdagI aura santoSa kI vRtti vikasita karanA hI hai. parigraha se kabhI santoSa-sukha nahIM milatA hai. saMkSepa meM isI prakAra kaha sakate haiM ki jainatIrthakara bhagavantoM ne saMsArI manuSyoM ke pAlana karane ke liye uparokta pA~ca AcAra-siddhAnta batAe haiM, unake pAlana ke atirikta samUcI mAnava-jAti kI rakSA, astitva aura uddhAra kA koI anya mArga nahIM hai. ina siddhAntoM para bar3I gambhIratA se vicAra kiyA jAnA cAhie. jainadarzana ke ye akSata siddhAnta paraspara jur3e hue haiM. inameM se Apa eka ko chor3ie to dUsarA svataH chUTa jAtA hai. itane vivecana se yaha bAta aba hamArI samajha meM sahaja hI A jAtI hai ki yadi manuSya, mAnavatA evaM saMsAra kI surakSA aura unnati kA kahIM koI mArga hai to vaha mArga hameM jainadarzana hI dikhAtA hai. ina viziSTatAoM ko apane bhItara samAhita kie hue isa adbhuta jainadarzana ko yadi vizva kA sarvazreSTha, ananya aura aparAjeya darzana kahA jAya to na isameM koI atizayokti hai aura na koI asatya kA aMza. yaha bAta eka nirvivAda tathya ke rUpa meM hamAre sAmane spaSTa ho jAtI hai. jainadarzana meM AtmavikAsa kA ananta avakAza AtmA aura paramAtmA ke viSaya meM vibhinna darzanoM kI bhinna-bhinna mAnyatAe~ haiM. jainadarzana kI bhI isa sambandha meM apanI eka viziSTa mAnyatA hai. aura vicAra karane para hama dekheMge ki vaha mAnyatA anya darzanoM kI sImita mAnyatAoM se kitanI viziSTa vyApaka aura ucca hai. kucha darzana AtmA ke viSaya meM yaha mAnate haiM ki vibhinna jIvAtmAe~ vastutaH kisI eka hI parama-AtmA (Izvara) kA vistAra haiM. apanA vikAsa aura zuddhi karate karate ve aMta meM mukta hokara usI parama-AtmA meM vilIna ho jAtI haiM, ho sakatI haiM. isa taraha ye darzana bhinna-bhinna jIvAtmAoM kI svataMtra sattA svIkAra na karate hue eka hI Izvara kI sattA ko svIkAra karate haiM. C/ 2o5A5
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________________ ----------------0--0-0 268 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya kucha anya darzana (udAharaNa ke liye bauddhadarzana) yaha svIkAra karate haiM ki AtmA antatogatvA kisI dIpaka kI lau ke samAna bujha jAtI hai aura zUnya meM vilIna ho jAtI hai. vaha vilInIkaraNa usa jIvAtmA kA pUrNa anastitva (Total Extinction) hai. isake viparIta jainadarzana kI yaha viziSTa mAnyatA hai ki pratyeka jIvAtmA kA svataMtra astitva hai. jIvanmukti ke pazcAt AtmA siddha (paramAtmA) bana jAtI hai. aura siddhAtmAoM ke nivAsa (siddhazilA) para vaha eka svataMtra siddha-parama AtmA ke rUpa meM sthita rahatI hai. isa taraha jainadarzana pratyeka prAtmA ke uccatama vikAsa aura astitva ke liye eka ananta avakAza kI mAnyatA rakhatA hai. jainadarzana kI yaha mAnyatA viziSTa to hai hI, sAtha hI pUrNatayA tarkayukta aura vyApaka bhI hai. jainadarzana aura jagat mAnava-mastiSka meM ye prazna sadA se uThate Aye haiM ki jisameM hama sadA se rahate Aye haiM aura rahate haiM vaha jagat kyA hai ? kaba se hai ? isakA nirmANa kisane kiyA ? kina upAdAnoM se kiyA ? athavA kyA yaha anAdikAlIna hai ? akaraNIya hai ? ina praznoM ke uttara khojane aura dene kA prayatna vibhinna darzanoM ne kiyA hai. bhinna-bhinna samaya para aura bhinna kAraNoM se saMsAra ke nirmANa kiye jAne kI bAta ye bhinna-bhinna darzana kahate haiM. kintu jaisA tarka yukta aura saMgata samAdhAna jainadarzana isa sambandha meM prastuta karatA hai vaha ina saba meM viziSTa aura zreSTha hai. mahAtmA buddha ne, jo bhagavAn mahAvIra ke prAyaH samakAlIna the, aise praznoM para adhika kucha bhI nahIM kahA hai. parantu bhagavAn mahAvIra ne unakA sarala aura buddhigamya spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai. jahA~ vastue~ itanI adhika hoM ki pratyeka kI pRthak-pRthak gaNanA saMbhava na ho, vahA~ vargIkaraNa kA siddhAnta upayogI hotA hai. jagat kA vargIkaraNa karane se hameM do tattva-maulika padArtha-upalabdha hote haiM. (1) jIva aura (2) jar3a. inake atirikta aura koI maulika vastu hai hI nahIM, ataeva yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki jIva aura jar3a ke samUha ko hI jagat kahate haiM. pratyeka prAcIna darzanazAstra aura Adhunika vijJAna, ina donoM kI mAnyatA hai ki "nAsato vidyate bhAvaH, nAbhAvo jAyate sataH" arthAt jo sat nahIM, asat hai, vaha kabhI sat nahIM ho sakatA aura jo sat hai usakA kabhI abhAva nahIM ho sakatA, isa sarvasammata siddhAnta ko smaraNa rakhate hue vicAra karane se spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki jagat yadi sat hai (aura usakI sattA nirvivAda siddha hai) to vaha anAdikAlIna avazya hai. isakA nirmANa na kisI ne kiyA hai aura na karane kI AvazyakatA hI thI. isa prakAra do maulika padArthoM kA samUhAtmaka saMsAra sadA se vidyamAna thA, hai aura rahegA. isameM dikhalAI dene vAlI vividhatA inhIM donoM vastuoM ke amuka bhAMti ke sammizraNa Adi para nirbhara hai. eka udAharaNa lIjiemiTTI jar3a vastu hai. kumhAra use letA hai, cAka para car3hAtA hai aura ghar3A banA detA hai. aba vaha miTTI ghar3e ke rUpa meM A jAtI hai. isI prakAra anyAnya vastue~ amuka prakAra ke saMyogoM meM par3akara bhinna-bhinna rUpa dhAraNa karatI rahatI haiM. yahI jagat kI vividhatA kA rahasya hai. kintu isa bAhya vividhatA ke AvaraNa ko cIra kara bhItara najara DAlane se hameM ullikhita jar3a aura cetana, yahI donoM maulika padArtha upalabdha hote haiM. ye anAdikAlIna haiM aura anantakAla taka raheMge. ataH aisA kahanA sarvathA ucita hI hai ki jagat anAdikAlIna hai aura ananta kAla taka rahegA. isakA na to koI kartA hai, na hartA hai. jagat kI utpatti athavA racanA ke sambandha meM janadarzana kA yaha sarvathA maulika, tarkasammata, buddhigamya aura viziSTa dRSTikoNa hai. kyA Izvara kartA hai ? kucha aise mata haiM jinakI mAnyatA ke anusAra yaha sArI sRSTi paramAtmA ke hI dvArA utpanna kI gaI hai. kintu jaisA ki hama pahale kaha cuke haiM, sRSTi anAdikAlIna hai, ata: isake banane kA prazna hI nahIM upasthita hotA. phira bhI tarka ke liye Jain Jinnary.org
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________________ jJAna bhArilla : ananya aura aparAjeya jainadarzana : 266 yadi hama yaha mAna leM ki paramAtmA hI ise banAtA aura bigAr3atA hai to yaha zaMkA utpanna hotI hai ki Akhira ina jhaMjhaToM meM par3ane kI use kyA AvazyakatA hai ? isameM usakA kyA abhiprAya hai ? Izvara koI bAlaka nahIM hai ki apane manoraMjana ke liye vaha sRSTi ko banAe aura bigAr3e. phira yadi sRSTi ko banAne kA usakA svabhAva hai to vaha use bigAr3atA kyoM hai ? bigAr3ane kA svabhAva hai to banAtA kyoM hai ? banAne aura bigAr3ane ke donoM svabhAva paraspara virodhI haiM, ata: donoM eka hI paramAtmA meM nahIM ho sakate. paramAtmA saba prakAra kI icchAoM se mukta hai. use sRSTi banAne kI icchA nahIM ho sakatI. taba kauna balAt usase banavAtA hai ? yadi koI balAt usase banavA letA hai to vaha Izvara hI kaise rahA ? vaha balAtkAra karane vAlI zakti hI kyA Izvara nahIM huI ? Izvara to usake hAtha kA eka kaThaputalA huA. isa prakAra Izvara ke Izvaratva meM hI baTTA lagatA hai. Izvara ko dayAlu mAnA jAtA hai. yadi vaha dayAlu bhI hai aura kartA bhI hai to usane bhAMti-bhA~ti ke dukhoM kA sRjana kyoM kiyA ? apane mAtA-pitA ke sarvasva, nirdoSa jIvanAdhAra putra ko asamaya meM hI mAra kara unheM asahya vedanAoM meM paTaka kara unakI chaTapaTAhaTa dekhatA rahatA hai, taba Izvara kI dayAlutA kahA~ calI jAtI hai ? isa prakAra sRSTi ko ananta duHkha detA huA kyA Izvara dayAlu kahA jA sakatA hai ? / yahA~ yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki yaha jIva ke pUrvopAjita karmoM kA phala hai. na pahale pApa karatA na aisA duHkhamaya pariNAma bhoganA par3atA. isameM Izvara kyA kara sakatA hai ? kintu yaha bacAva bhI vicAra karane para chinna-bhinna ho jAtA hai. Izvara sarvajJa hai aura sarvazaktizAlI bhI mAnA jAtA hai. jaba una jIvoM ne pApa karane kA vicAra kiyA to sarvajJa Izvara ne jAnA hI hogA. vaha dayAlu hai isalie unheM pApa se bacAne kA prayatna vaha kara sakatA thA. aura vaha sarvazaktimAn hai isalie kisI prakAra unheM pApa se roka bhI sakatA thA. kintu usane aisA kucha nahIM kiyA-vaha sarvajJa-dayAlu, sarvazaktimAn aura kartA Izvara kevala dekhatA hI rahA! yaha vicAra kahA~ taka ucita hai ise pAThaka svayaM hI soca sakate haiM. astu, jainadarzana Izvara ko ina prapaMcoM se, isa krUratA se mukta rakhatA hai. vaha Izvara ko ina kalaMkoM se bacAtA hai. vaha mAnatA hai ki Izvara sarvajJa hai, pUrNa vItarAga hai, kRtakRtya hai, apunarAvRtti hai, sAMsArika jhajhaToM se usakA koI sambandha nahIM hai. eka mAtra zaMkA, jo yahA~ upasthita kI jA sakatI hai, vaha yaha hai ki yadi Izvara vItarAga hai, nigraha aura anugraha nahIM karatA, ruSTa aura tuSTa nahIM hotA, to vaha apane bhaktoM kI bhalAI nahIM karegA. taba usakI ArAdhanA karane kI kyA AvazyakatA hai? isakA spaSTa aura sarala uttara yaha hai ki Izvara hamArI bhalAI kare, isalie hama usakI ArAdhanA kareM; yaha svArthapUrNa hRdaya kI vAsanA hai. aisI bhAvanA ke sAtha Izvarabhakti karanA vAstavika bhakti nahIM hai balki rizvata dekara use phusalAnA hI hai. bhakti meM AdAna-pradAna kI bhAvanA nahIM hotI, sarvasva dAna kI kAmanA hotI hai. bhakti vyApAra nahIM hai. ataH niSkAma bhakti hI vAstavika bhakti hai. kalyANa svayaM hI isa prakAra kI bhakti dvArA Akara caraNoM para loTatA hai. kahA gayA hai--'devA vi taM namasaMti jassa dhamme sayA maNo.' (jisakA mana sadA dharma meM lIna rahatA hai, devatA bhI usa ke caraNoM para loTate haiM.) tAtparya yaha nahIM hai vItarAga kI bhakti se kucha lAbha nahIM hotA. mAnasazAstra kA yaha niyama hai ki jo vyakti sadaiva jisakA smaraNa karatA hai, jaisA banane kI bhAvanA karatA hai, vaha kAlAMtara meM vaisA hI bana sakatA hai. isa niyama ke anusAra vItarAga kA smaraNa karane se aura vItarAga banane kI prabala bhAvanA se bhakta bhI vItarAga bana jAtA hai. isake atirikta vItarAga bhagavAn AtmavikAsa ke sarvottama Adarza haiM. hameM usa Adarza taka pahu~canA hai. ataH hamArA dhyAna sadaiva usa Adarza para rahanA cAhie. jar3a hone ke kAraNa aMjana kI icchA nahIM hotI ki amuka vyakti mujhe sevana karatA hai, isalie usakI dRSTi nirmala kara For Private & Personal Use www.namelibrary.org
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________________ 270 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya 00-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0 dUM. phira bhI aMjana kA sevana karane vAle kI dRSTi nirmala ho jAtI hai. isI prakAra vItarAga hone ke kAraNa bhagavAn kI icchA nahIM hotI ki maiM apane bhakta kA kalyANa karUM, to bhI unakI bhakti karane vAle kA kalyANa avazya hotA hai. dUsare zabdoM meM hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki, kisI kArya kA kartA ho yA na ho parantu kAraNoM kI pUrNatA hone para kArya kI niSpatti ho hI jAtI hai. ata: vItarAga bhagavAn kI bhakti karanA hI cAhie. vaha kabhI niSphala nahIM ho sakatI. janadarzana nitya nUtana hai| jainadarzana sambandhI apanI isa vivecanA meM hamane dekhA ki isa mahAn darzana kA pratyeka siddhAnta, cAhe vaha sUkSma se sUkSma padArtha-aNu-paramANu ke viSaya meM ho athavA sarvavyApI sarvazaktimAn paramAtmA tathA ananta aura anAdi sRSTi ke viSaya meM, akATya, tarkayukta aura viziSTa hai. yahI kAraNa hai ki isa vizva kA yaha digvijayI darzana ciranavIna nitya-nUtana hai. lAkhoM varSoM se jo siddhAMta isa darzana ke dvArA pratipAdita kiye gae haiM ve Aja bhI jIvana ke hara kSetra meM, jIvana kI pratyeka samasyA ke viSaya meM, sIdhA, saccA aura spaSTa samAdhAna prastuta karate haiM. hamane dekhA ki jainadarzana kA anekAntavAda, jise yuga-yuga ke pUrva se jaina dArzanikoM ne saMsAra ko bheMTa kiyA hai, eka aisA dRSTikoNa hai jise antatogatvA vijJAna ne svIkAra kiyA hai. usake atirikta koI dRSTikoNa nahIM hai jisake AdhAra para cala kara hama vastu, jIvana, satya ko usake sacce svarUpa meM jAna sakeM. hamane dekhA ki jaina darzana ne jo AcAra-paddhati hameM batAI hai, vahI, kevala vahI, AcAra-paddhati hai jisakA pAlana karane se hI Aja kI mAnavatA kI, sRSTi kI rakSA aura astitva sambhava hai. yaha asambhava hai ki mAnava-samAja usa AcAra-paddhati ko tyAga de aura tyAga kara apanA astitva kAyama rakha sake. hamAre jIvana kI samasta kaThinAiyA~, hamArI samasyAe~, hamAre dukha, sarvanAza kA bhaya jo hamAre dvAra taka A pahu~cA hai, yadi dUra kiyA jA sakatA hai to kevala isI AcAra-paddhati ke anusaraNa dvArA hI. hamane dekhA ki jIvana, jagat aura jagat kI racanA ke viSaya meM jainadarzana ne jo samAdhAna upasthita kie haiM, ve akATya haiM aura unheM svIkAra kie vinA hamAre pAsa anya koI mArga nahIM hai. isIlie hameM yaha mAnanA hI par3egA ki jainadarzana isa saMsAra kA eka ananya darzana hai. koI anya darzana nahIM jo isakI samatA meM rakhA jA sake. jainadarzana kA cintana, usake siddhAMta kisI bhI tarka dvArA avAstavika pramANita nahIM kie jA sakate. aisA sudRr3ha, suvicArita Thosa vaijJAnika darzana yadi isa saMsAra kA aparAjeya darzana hai, to isameM koI Azcarya nahIM. hama apanI ora se yahI bhAvanA kara sakate haiM ki saMsAra ke isa ananya, aparAjeya aura nitya nUtana darzana-jainadarzanakA jJAna aura anusaraNa isa vizva ke sanmukha kalyANa kA mArga mukta kare. Jain Education Interational
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________________ mahendra rAjA ema0 e0, Dipa0 lipa-esa-sI0, epha0 ela0 e0 (laMdana) kucha videzI lekhakoM kI dRSTi meM jainadharma evaM bhagavAna mahAvIra lagabhaga 7 varSa taka iMglaiMDa ke sArvajanika pustakAlayoM ke saMparka meM rahane ke bAda mujhe Aja yaha likhane meM jarA bhI saMkoca nahIM ki bhArata aura bhAratIyoM ke viSaya meM jitanI pustakeM aMgrejI meM prakAzita huI haiM, utanI hindI to bahuta dUra, bhArata hI nahIM, saMsAra kI bhI kisI anya bhASA meM upalabdha nahIM hoMgI. itanA hone para bhI aMgrejI meM prativarSa bhArata sambandhI 20-25 pustakeM prakAzita hotI hI rahatI haiM. ina pustakoM ke racayitA koI aire-gere loga nahIM hote jo iMglaiMDa yA yuropa meM rahate hue bhArata ke sapane dekhate rahate haiM aura phira bhArata ke saMbaMdha meM idhara udhara se kucha par3hakara svayaM ke nAma se koI pustaka taiyAra kara lete haiM. ina pustakoM ke lekhaka vastuta: ve loga hote haiM jinheM bhAratIya parivAroM ke saMparka meM Ane kA bhale hI koI avasara na milA ho, para unhoMne bhArata ke bAharI rUpa ko acchI taraha dekhA hai. Aja aMgrejI ke upalabdha prakAzita sAhitya kI sthiti yaha hai ki Apako prAyaH pratyeka viSaya kI pustaka mila jAegI. kucha viSayoM ke eka-eka aMga para bar3e-bar3e graMtha prakAzita ho cuke haiM. kisI bhI deza kA itihAsa, saMskRti, dharma, AcAravicAra, Arthika-sAmAjika vyavasthA Adi ke sambandha meM usa deza kI kisI bhASA meM bhale hI koI pustaka na mile, para yadi Apa aMgrejI sAhitya kI ora dRSTi kareM to Apako zAyada hI nirAza honA par3e. sUcIkAra evaM vargIkAra (Cataloguer and classifier) ke rUpa meM kArya karate hue prativarSa lagabhaga dasa hajAra se jyAdA pustakeM mere hAtha se gujaratI haiM. ina pustakoM meM maiMne upanyAsa evaM kathAsAhitya kI pustakeM sammilita nahIM kI haiM. itanI adhika pustakeM par3hane kA avasara bhale hI na milA ho para ina pustakoM kI viSayavastu, unake lekhaka kA paricaya, unakI upAdeyatA, viSaya-vizleSaNa Adi ko samajhane kA avasara avazya milA hai. isake atirikta kabhI-kabhI pustaka ke kisI adhyAya meM akasmAt bhArata sambandhI koI bAta najara A gaI to phira utsukatAvaza use par3hane kA moha bhI saMvaraNa nahIM kara pAyA hU~. isa prakAra apane kArya ke daurAna meM mere hAthoM se aisI aneka pustakeM gujarI haiM jinameM yathAvasara bhagavAn mahAvIra evaM jaina dharma sambandhI carcA bhI AI hai. ina pustakoM ke jainadharma sambandhI adhyAyoM yA peregrAphoM ko maiMne rucipUrvaka par3hA hai. unheM par3ha kara kaI bAra mere mana meM yaha icchA huI ki maiM "videzI lekhakoM kI dRSTi meM jainadharma evaM mahAvIra" zIrSaka eka lekha likha DAlU, para Alasyavaza aisA nahIM kara sakA. pichale varSa jaba zrI hajArImala smRti-graMtha ke lie kisI lekha kI mAMga kI gaI to akasmAt hI mujhe ukta viSaya smaraNa ho AyA aura maiM isa lekha kI taiyArI karane lagA. abhI taka mujhe jitanI bhI pustakoM meM jaina dharma sambandhI ullekha dekhane ko mile haiM, una sabhI ke lekhaka isa mata se sahamata haiM ki jainadharma bauddhadharma se purAnA hai para ina donoM hI dharmoM kA vikAsa evaM utthAna chaThI zatAbdI meM vizeSa rUpa se huA. prAyaH sabhI lekhaka isa mata ke bhI haiM ki ye donoM dharma brAhmaNatva ke virodha meM uThe aura apane uddezya meM bahuta kucha saphala bhI hue. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ Jain Educa 272 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya "ena enasAiklopIDiyA oNpha rilIjana meM cArlsa esa breDana jainadharma sambandhI pariccheda meM likhate hai "ki jainadharma spaSTa hI bauddhadharma se kucha purAnA hai aura usakA prArambha chaThI zatAbdI se bahuta pahale kA mAnA jA sakatA hai .. jainadharma meM hiMdU dharma ke karma evaM punarjanma ke siddhAnta ko kucha parivartita rUpa meM apanAyA gayA hai. vizva ke kisI bhI anya dharma kI apekSA jainadharma meM 'ahiMsA' yA kisI ko kaSTa na dene ke siddhAnta ko sarvAdhika pramukhatA dI gaI hai. jainadharmAnuyAyiyoM ke maMdira bahuta hI AkarSaka evaM vizva ke anya matAnuyAyiyoM ke pUjAsthaloM kI apekSA bhavya hote haiM. vAstukalA kI dRSTi se bhI unakA alaga mahattva hai. koI bhI aparicita vyakti unheM prathama bAra dekhakara sahasA staMbhita raha jAtA hai." vizvaprasiddha amerikI pAkSika patrikA 'lAipha' meM samaya-samaya para jo lekhamAlAeM prakAzita hotI haiM, bAda meM adhikAMza kA prakAzana saMdarbha-grantha ke rUpa meM bhI hotA hai. 1656 meM isa patrikAke saMpAdakoM kI ora meM 'varlDas greTa rilIjiyansa 2 nAmaka grantha prakAzita huA thA. vaise to isa graMtha meM prAyaH sabhI dharmoM ke sambandha meM lambe-lambe sacitra lekha diye gae haiM tathA vizva ke aneka dharmo kA paricaya alaga-alaga paricchedoM meM haiM. kama saMkhyA vAle matAnuyAyiyoM kA paricaya eka prArambhika pariccheda meM diyA gayA hai. isI pariccheda meM jaina, sikha aura pArasI dharmoM ke lie bhI eka-eka pairAgrApha diyA gayA hai. anya prasiddha lekhakoM ke samAna, 'lAipha' ke saMpAdakoM ke mata se bhI jainadharma kA prArambha IsApUrva chaThI zatAbdI meM hindUdharma kI burAiyoM ke viruddha eka AMdolana ke rUpa meM huA thA eka zabda meM jainadharma kA mukhya siddhAMta 'ahiMsA' hai jise bahudhA jaina loga isa sImA taka mAnate haiM ki pAzcAtya vAtAvaraNa meM pale logoM ko hAsyAspada sA jAna par3atA hai. aisI sthiti meM yaha samajhane meM koI kaThinAI nahIM honA cAhie ki jaina loga gAMdhIjI ko kisa prakAra apane mata kA anupAyI mAnane kA dAvA karate haiM. 'lAipha' ke mata se jainatva 'dharma' kI apekSA 'nIti' adhika hai, bhale hI jainiyoM ke apane tIrthaMkara hoM, vizAla mandira hoM tathA unameM ve pUjana-arcana karate hoM. Adhunika yuga meM jainadharma eka nae rUpa meM vizva ke samakSa Age A rahA hai. vizvabandhutva tathA yuddha kI samApti kI pRSThabhUmi meM jainadharma kA apanA alaga mahattva hai tathA rahegA. 3 " dI nyU zepha - harajoga enasAiklopIDiyA oNpha rilIjiyasa nAleja meM zrI jyopha DablyU0 gilamora ne jainadharma ke saMbandha meM likhA hai ki jainadharma ke saMsthApaka pArzvanAtha the jinhoMne yadyapi eka svataMtra vicAradhArA ko janma diyA para vaha vicAradhArA unake bAda do zatAbdI taka kAryazIla nahIM ho pAI. unakI isa vicAradhArA ko Age bar3hAne kA zreya mahAvIra ko hai jo unake karIba 250 sAla bAda hue. isake bAda jainadharma evaM bauddhadharma kI samAnatA batalAte hue lekhaka ne mukhyarUpa se ahiMsA kA ullekha kiyA hai aura yaha ThIka hI likhA hai ki "donoM dharmoM meM ahiMsA mukhya siddhAMta hote hue bhI jainadharma isa artha meM adhika mahattva rakhatA hai ki ahiMsA ke siddhAnta ko jaina loga jisa kaTTaratA se mAnate haiM aura usakA vyavahAra meM jitanA prayoga karate haiM, utanA bauddha loga nahIM. isakA pramANa kevala isa tathya se mila jAtA hai ki jaina muni ahiMsA kA pAlana karane meM itane Age bar3he hue haiM ki ve apane muMha para hamezA eka paTTI bA~dhe rahate haiM tAki sAMsa lene yA bAhara nikAlane meM kisI jIva kI hatyA na ho jAe. isI prakAra jaba ve uThate-baiThate yA sar3aka para calate haiM to eka choTA sA jhADU sAtha meM lie rahate haiM jisase ve rAstA sApha karate calate haiM aura isa prakAra kisI saMbhAvita hiMsA se bace rahate haiM. 1. Encyclopedia of Religion; edited by vergilius Ferm (New york, Philosophical Library, 1945) 2. 'World's Great religions' by the editors of 'Life' International. 3. The New Schaff Herzog encyclopedia of religious Knowledge, edited by Samuel Macaulay Jackson (Baker Book, House Michigan, 1956, 4. lekhaka kA Azaya rajoharaNa se hai, jo prAyaH Una kA hotA hai. - sampAdaka
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________________ mahendra rAjA : videzI lekhakoM kI dRSTi meM jainadharma aura mahAvIra : 273 bAda meM jainadharma evaM brAhmaNa dharma kI samAnatA kA vilakSaNa udAharaNa dete hue lekhaka ne jainadharma kA mUla brAhmaNa dharma meM batalAyA hai. lekhaka kA mata hai ki jainadharma kA adhikAMza AcAra-vicAra brAhmaNa dharma para AdhArita hai. udAharaNataH brAhmaNa dharma meM sAdhuoM ko varSAkAla meM vihAra karanA manA hai tathA kisI eka sthAna para nizcita kAla se adhika samaya taka Thaharane kA bhI niSedha hai. yahI bAta jaina dharma meM bhI hai. brAhmaNa evaM jaina dharma donoM meM hI sAdhuoM ko keza na kaTavAne kA vidhAna hai tathA donoM hI dharmoM meM pAnI chAna kara pIne tathA sAdhuoM ko sAtha meM eka bhikSApAtra rakhane kA niyama hai. ata: jainadharma ko brAhmaNa dharma ke virodha meM khar3e do AndolanoM meM se eka hI mAnA jA sakatA hai, jainadharma kI nIMva, vicAradhArA evaM AcAra-vicAra kA AdhAra brAhmaNa dharma hI hai." kahane kI AvazyakatA nahIM ki lekhaka ke ukta mata se vizeSakara 'pAnI chAnakara pIne kI bAta' se zAyada hI koI vyakti sahamata hogA. ahiMsA ke samAna hI pAnI chAnakara pIne kI bAta bhI jainadharma kI apanI vizeSatA hai tathA usakA uddezya bhI anAvazyaka hiMsA se bacAva hI hai. Aja taka aisA kahIM kabhI sunA yA par3hA nahIM gayA ki brAhmaNa dharma meM bhI pAnI chAnakara pIne kA eka Avazyaka niyama batalAyA gayA hai. jainadharma ko itanI jaldI mahattva kaise mila gayA tathA mahAvIra ko apane siddhAMtoM kA pracAra karane meM itanI adhika saphalatA kyoM milI, isakA samAdhAna bhI lekhaka ne apanI vilakSaNa sUjha-bUjha se kiyA hai. lekhaka kA mata hai ki cUMki mahAvIra ko samAja meM mahattva prApta thA tathA dhanI logoM se unakA paricaya thA ataH unheM una sabhI kA sahayoga AsAnI se prApta ho gayA. dUsarI ora unake sarala jIvana evaM vicAradhArA se nimna vargoM ke loga bhI unakI ora AkarSita hae. jainadharma ko brAhmaNa dharma ke virodha meM saphalatA kevala isIlie milI ki jainadharma ne sabhI vargoM ke lie apanA dvAra khola diyA aura tathAkathita jAtivAda ko koI prazraya nahIM diyA. jainadharma ke siddhAMtoM kA jitanA spaSTa, niSpakSa evaM sahI-sahI paricaya laMdana vizvavidyAlaya ke prophesara zrI e0 ela0 bAzama ne 'kAnsAija ensAiklopIDiyA Apha liviMga phaithsa' meM diyA hai, vaisA saMbhavata: aba taka koI anya Adhunika lekhaka nahIM de pAyA hai. zrI bAzama kA mata hai ki hindu dharma se apane Apako alaga evaM svatantra mAne jAne kA jitanA dAvA bauddha dharma kA hai, karIba utanA hI, balki usase kucha adhika hI, dAvA jaina dharma kA bhI hai. jaina dharma prArambha se hI vizuddha rUpa meM eka bhAratIya dharma rahA hai. bauddhadharma ke viparIta jaina dharma Theism se kabhI samajhautA nahIM kiyA aura vaha apanI janmabhUmi meM hI phalatA-phUlatA rahA. bauddha dharma yadi jIvita raha sakA to isakA mukhya zreya una bauddha maThoM ko milanA cAhie jo bAda meM muslima AkramaNakAriyoM dvArA naSTa kara diye gaye. isake viparIta jainadharma yadi jIvita raha sakA to kevala una ine-gine zikSita evaM susaMskRta anuyAyiyoM ke kAraNa jo apane bhikSuoM ke kar3e AcaraNa ke kAraNa unase prabhAvita rahe tathA apane siddhAnta evaM vizvAsa para dRDha rahe. jaina dharma ke siddhAntoM ko unhoMne apane jIvana meM utArA. ina thor3e se dharmabhakta nAgarikoM evaM unakI bhAvI pIr3hI ne Aja taka jaina dharma ko jIvita rakhA hai. lekhaka kA mata hai ki jaina dharma kA AtmA evaM mokSa kA siddhAnta hinduoM ke sAMkhyadarzana se bahuta kucha milatA-julatA hai aura isa bAta kI bhI sambhAvanA kI jA sakatI hai ki jaina evaM sAMkhyadarzana donoM kA hI AdhAra koI eka prAcIna mula sutra rahA ho. ... ... anya dharmoM kI apekSA jaina dharma kI eka mukhya vizeSatA yaha hai ki isa dharma ne hI sarva prathama yaha mata pratipAdita kiyA ki saMpUrNa vizva jIvamaya hai. vaise dekhA jAya to aba bahuta kucha bAtoM meM jaina dharma ne hindU dharma se apratyakSa rUpa meM samajhautA kara liyA hai. kucha 1. Concise encyclopedia of living faiths; edited by R. C. Zaehner. (London, Hutchinson, 1959) Jain Education intemational
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________________ 274 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya ------------------- hindU devatAoM ko jaina loga bhI pUjate haiM tathA jainiyoM ke yahAM janma, mRtyu va zAdI ke avasara para vividha saMskAroM ke lie brAhmaNoM ko bhI bulAyA jAtA hai. isake bAbajUda bhI Theism se jainadharma ne kabhI samajhautA nahIM kiyA. jaina dharma jaisA Aja se karIba do r3hAI hajAra varSa pUrva thA, vaisA hI, apane usI mUla rUpa meM Aja bhI hai. ' yadyapi saMkhyA meM jaina loga bhArata ke anya kisI bhI dharma ke matAnuyAyiyoM kI apekSA kama haiM, para bhArata ke dainika sAmAjika evaM rAjanaitika jIvana meM ye bar3e hI prabhAvazAlI rahe haiM. isakA mukhya kAraNa inakI saMpannatA, inakA atula vaibhava evaM zikSA kA ucca stara hai. isa bAta kI kiMcit bhI sambhAvanA nahIM kI jAnI cAhie ki ye loga hindutva ke vizAla sAgara meM samAkara apanA svatantra astitva samApta kara deMge.... ...inake ahiMsA siddhAnta kA Adhunika bhArata para jo prabhAva par3A hai, usakA pUrA-pUrA zreya unheM nahIM mila sakA hai. mahAtmA gAMdhI ke jIvanadarzana para jina kucha mukhya bAtoM ke prabhAva kA abhI taka patA cala sakA hai, usameM jainadharma kA pramukha sthAna hai. apanI yuvAvasthA meM hI gAMdhIjI jaina sAdhuoM se prabhAvita ho cuke the. isa bAta meM koI saMdeha nahIM ki gAMdhIjI kA ahiMsA kA siddhAnta vastutaH jaina dharma kI hI dena hai tathA isa bAta ke lie gAMdhIvAdI jainiyoM ke sadA RNI raheMge." karIba do varSa pUrva bAlakoM ke lie upayogI eka choTI sI pustaka yahAM prakAzita huI thI. isa pustaka kA nAma hai "enasiyeNTa iNDiyA" aura isake lekhaka haiM zrI I0 rAyasTana pAika. 13 se 15 varSa taka ke bAlakoM ke lie likhita isa pustaka meM prAcIna bhArata kA paricaya 10 paricchedoM meM diyA gayA hai. isameM se eka pariccheda bhagavAn mahAvIra ke sambandha meM hai. jisakA zIrSaka hai "dI priMsa hU bikema greTa hIro' The prince who became great hero (arthAt vaha rAjakumAra jo mahAbIra banA) 'greTa hIro' vastutaH mahAvIra kA hI aMgrejI anuvAda hai, para maiM samajhatA hU~ ki hindI meM 'mahAvIra' kA jo zAbdika artha hotA hai, aMgrejI meM 'greTa hIro' kA artha usase kahIM adhika prabhAvotpAdaka hai. aisA likhane kA merA abhiprAya mAtra itanA hI hai ki isa pustaka ke lekhaka kI dRSTi meM mahAvIra kA sthAna kAphI UMcA hai. jaisA ki maiM pahale likha cukA hUM, ukta pustaka prAcIna bhArata se saMbandhita hai, ataH bhagavAn mahAvIra sambandhI isa pariccheda meM bhI tatkAlIna bhAratIya pRSTha bhUmi meM hI bhagavAn mahAvIra kA vivaraNa diyA gayA hai. lekhaka ne bar3I hI sarala evaM subodha zailI meM pahale mahAvIra ke samaya ke bhArata kA paricaya dete hue vimbasAra, ajAtazatru, vaizAlI, kozala Adi kA vivaraNa diyA hai. ajAtazatru kA ullekha karate hue lekhaka ne likhA hai ki usane mahAvIra aura buddha donoM ke darzana kiye the aura vaha unase kAphI prabhAvita bhI huA thA. mahAvIra ke avataraNa ke pUrva sarvatra hiMsA kA bolabAlA thA. pazubali carama sImA para thI. maMdiroM meM isa kArya ke lie vizeSa sthAna niyata kara diye gae the aura devatAoM ke nAma para pratidina aneka muka pazuoM kI bali dI jAtI thI. jAtivAda kI prathA bhI una dinoM isa prakAra vyApta thI ki kucha ine-gine logoM ko chor3akara adhikAMza kA jIvana bar3I vipanna avasthA meM bItatA thA. kevala brAhmaNoM ko hI veda par3hane-par3hAne yA tatsambandhI jJAna prApta karane kA adhikAra thA. itanA hI nahIM, bhagavAn kI pUjA-ArAdhanA bhI hara koI nahIM kara sakatA thA. kevala brAhmaNoM kI kRpA se hI koI vyakti kisI prakAra kA dhArmika kArya kara sakatA thA. isakA eka mukhya kAraNa yaha bhI thA ki una dinoM brAhmaNoM ne dharma ko itanA jaTila banA diyA thA, dharma sambandhI pratyeka kriyAkalApa aisI-aisI rUr3hiyoM evaM saMskAroM se grasita kara Nicolson, 1961) Young 1. Ancient India; by E. Royston Pike. (London, Weidenfeld and enthusiast library: The young historian series. No. 5. ANIMAmmam ARATHITTORNAMA IMDIMARATINDIAN UPCHALLIAR MORE NUDIVITY RAPO umental Vibrary.org Jain EOS
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________________ mahendra rAjA : videzI lekhakoM kI dRSTi meM jainadharma aura mahAvIra : 275 6-0-0--0-0--0-0-0-0---- diyA gayA thA ki una vidhi-vidhAnoM kI kriyA brAhmaNoM ke atirikta aura koI nahIM jAnatA thA. brAhmaNoM ke abhAva meM kiyA gayA koI bhI kArya vyartha aura mahattvahIna samajhA jAtA thA.. brAhmaNoM kI hI icchAnusAra deza meM sthAna-sthAna para kucha aise sthala niyukta kara diye gae the jahAM bar3e samAroha ke sAtha pazubali dI jAtI thI. brAhmaNoM ne janasAdhAraNa ke mana meM aisI dhAraNA utpanna kara dI thI ki bhagavAn bali se prasanna hote haiM. unakA aisA kahanA saca ho yA nahIM, para yaha nirvivAda hai ki dharma kI Ar3a lekara usa samaya brAhmaNa loga aneka prakAra se apanA svArtha sAdhana karate the. brAhmaNoM kA isa prakAra kA bAhya ADambara aura bhraSTAcAra dekhate-dekhate jaba loga taMga ho gae, lagAtAra bali ke dRzya dekhate-dekhate jaba logoM ke mana meM bhI kucha samajha AI to yaha svAbhAvika thA ki unake hRdaya meM brAhmaNoM ke ekAdhikAra ke viruddha bhAvanA jAgRta ho. para itanA hI paryApta nahIM thA. IsApUrva chaThI aura 5vIM sadI meM logoM ke mana meM dharma aura darzana ke prati AsthA bar3ha rahI thI aura loga svayaM ina bAtoM meM ruci lene lage the. 'brAhmaNavAkya pramANam' mAnane ke lie aba ve taiyAra nahIM the. aba ve pratyeka bAta ke viSaya meM kyoM aura kaise ?' kahAM ba kyA ? Adi prazna pUchane lage the. jaba brAhmaNa loga unakI isa jijJAsA kA samAdhAna nahIM kara sake to unake mana meM brAhmaNoM ke prati avizvAsa aura azraddhA ho uThI. aise hI samaya mahAvIra kA avataraNa huA. 'mahAvIra' zabda kA artha hai 'greTa hIro' (Great hero) yaha upAdhi unheM unake anuyAyiyoM dvArA dI gaI hai. unakA asalI nAma varddhamAna thA tathA unakA janma gaNatantra kI rAjadhAnI vaizAlI ke licchavi vaMza meM huA thA. kucha logoM kA yaha bhI mata hai ki ve vaizAlI-nareza ke nAtI the tathA kucha loga rAjA bimbasAra se bhI unakA saMbaMdha jor3ate haiM. mahAvIra kA janma kaba huA, isa sambandha meM logoM meM matabheda hai para Adhunika anusaMdhAna ke AdhAra para unakA janma I0 pU0 540 meM huA mAnA jAtA hai. kSatriyavaMza meM janma lene ke kAraNa unakI zikSA-dIkSA bhI tatkAlIna rIti-rivAjoM ke anusAra huI. zikSAsamApti ke bAda yuvAvasthA meM unakA vivAha huA aura unako eka putrI bhI huI. lekina mahAvIra eka mahAn vicAraka the. ghara-gRhasthI meM unakA mana adhika samaya taka nahIM raha sakA. tIsa varSa kI avasthA meM ve apanI patnI, putrI tathA ghara-bAra chor3akara kucha aise sAdhuoM ke sAtha cale gae jo pArzvanAtha ke upAsaka mAne jAte the.' pArzvanAtha lagabhaga 250 varSa pUrva hue the tathA ve jainoM ke mahApuruSoM kI zreNI meM 233 mAne jAte haiM. kahA jAtA hai ki unake pUrva 22 anya mahApuruSa ho cuke the. lagabhaga 12 varSa taka mahAvIra sAre deza meM idhara-udhara ghUmate rahe. apanI dainika jIvana kI AvazyakatAeM unhoMne bahuta kama kara dI tathA ve tapasyA meM adhika samaya bitAne lage. kabhI-kabhI ve dhyAnAvasthA meM kaI dinoM taka bhUkhe-pyAse raha jAte the. pahale to ve kucha vastra pahane rahe para kucha samaya bAda unhoMne sabhI prakAra ke parigraha kA tyAga kara diyA. unhoMne vastroM ko bhI anAvazyaka kahakara tyAga diyA. kahA jAtA hai ki isake bAda ve mRtyu paryanta nirvastra rahe. isa prakAra rahate-rahate ve 13veM varSa meM jina ho gae. 'jina' kA artha hai 'vijetA'. yaha eka prakAra se ThIka hI hai, kyoMki isa avadhi meM unhoMne pratyeka viSaya kA jJAna prApta kara liyA thA aura sabhI prakAra kI mAnavIya bhAvanAoM, AkAMkSAoM para vijaya prApta kara lI thI. isI 'jina' zabda se hI jaina zabda banA jo Aja unake anuyAyiyoM ke lie prayoga kiyA jAtA hai. mahAvIra yadyapi jaina dharma ke saMsthApaka nahIM the, para anya kisI vyakti kI apekSA unhoMne hI isake prasAra-pracAra meM sarvAdhika yogadAna diyA. unheM 'tIrthaMkara' bhI kahA jAtA hai. unake pahale 23 tIrthaMkara ho cuke the, ataH unheM 24vAM 1. mahAvIra ne kucha sAdhuoM ke sAtha nahIM, ekAkI hI abhiniSkamaNa kiyA thA aura dIrgha kAla taka ve ekAkI hI sAdhanAnirata rahe the, yaha tathya itihAsa se pramANita hai kintu yahA~ zrIpAika ke vicAra diye jA rahe haiM.-sampAdaka RAND Jain Education Interational : www.janelibrary.org
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________________ 206 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya --------------------0-0 tIrthakara mAnA gayA hai. tIrthaMkara kA artha hotA hai vaha vyakti jo janasAdhAraNa ko sAMsArika baMdhanoM se chuTakArA dilAkara 'nirvANa' kI ora agrasara kare. tIrthaMkara kI vizeSatAoM ke sambandha meM kahA jAtA hai ki vaha 'puruSottama' 'Adarza puruSa' hotA hai. vaha aisA vyakti hotA hai jo na kisI se rAga karatA hai, na dveSa, na kisI para krodhita hotA hai, na prasanna. jise kisI vastu ke prApta hone para na to khuzI hotI hai aura na usake viyoga meM raMja. dhanI-garIba, UMca-nIca, sabhI ke sAtha vaha samAna vyavahAra karatA hai. sarvathA nirbhaya aura niHzaMka vaha sabhI mAnavIya AvazyakatAoM ke prati rAgahIna hokara na to nidrA kI AvazyakatA mahasUsa karatA hai aura na kisI prakArake AhAra-vihAra kI. jainoM ke dhArmika graMthoM meM tIrthaMkara kI 34 vizeSatAe~ batalAI gaI haiM. mahAvIra meM ye sabhI vizeSatAe~ thIM. lagabhaga 30 varSa taka mahAvIra jagaha-jagaha upadeza dete rahe. karIba 72 varSa kI Ayu meM zarIratyAga kiyA. yadyapi mahAvIra ne upaniSadoM se bhI bahuta kucha grahaNa kiyA para upaniSadoM kI apekSA mahAvIra ke siddhAntoM meM kucha maulika aMtara thA. mahAvIra 'AtmA' ko mAnate the 'vizvAtmA' ko nahIM. jainadharma ke anusAra marane ke bAda jIva punaH (turanta) janma letA hai. isa prakAra yaha jIvana-cakra calatA hI rahatA hai. jainadharma meM 'karma' ko bahuta mahattva diyA gayA hai. vastuta: jainadharma ke sAre siddhAnta 'karma' ke irda-girda ghUmate haiM. karma kA sIdhA aura sarala artha hai jIva dvArA kiyA gayA kArya. jo jIva jaisA kArya karatA hai usI ke anusAra janma-janmAMtara meM use acchA-burA phala milatA hai. mahAvIra ke siddhAnta ke anusAra jIva ko jahA~ taka saMbhava ho acche-se-acche kArya karake zIghrAtizIghra janma-maraNa ke isa cakkara se chuTakArA pAnA cAhie. isakA sarala mArga bhI unhoMne batalA diyA. yaha sarala mArga hai 'ahiMsA' arthAt kisI ko kisI prakAra kA zArIrika yA mAnasika kaSTa nahIM denA. mahAvIra kA mata thA ki kevala mAnava hI nahIM, varana pazu-pakSiyoM, per3a-paudhoM, jala-vAyu Adi meM bhI jIva hotA hai. isa AdhAra para jaina loga kama-se-kama vastuoM kA upayoga kara ahiMsA kA pAlana karate haiM. isI AdhAra para jainadharma meM pazubali kA niSedha to ho hI gayA, para aisI krIr3AoM-kAryoM kA bhI jainoM ne bahiSkAra kiyA, jinameM pazu-pakSiyoM ko kisI prakAra kA kaSTa pahuMcatA ho. AhAra ke lie pazu-hatyA to svAbhAvika hI baMda ho gaI. Aja saMsAra meM jaina samAja hI eka aisA samAja hai jise pUrNata: zAkAhArI kahA jA sakatA hai. bhArata meM jaina parivAroM meM kisI bhI prakAra ke upayoga ke lie pAnI ko pahale chAna liyA jAtA hai. isakA bhI mukhya uddezya adRzya jIvoM kI hatyA rokanA hai. kucha jaina sAdhu apane muMha ke Upara kapar3A bAMdhate haiM (kevala isIlie ki bolane meM sUkSma kITANu muMha ke aMdara na cale jAeM.) sar3aka para calate samaya bhI pUrNata: sAvadhAnI rakhI jAtI hai tAki rAste meM choTe-choTe kIr3e na kucala jAe~. cUMki jIvita rahane ke lie kucha-na-kucha khAnA-pInA Avazyaka hai, ataH yaha jAnate hue ki 'vanaspati' meM bhI jIva hotA hai, jaina loga AhAra ke lie kucha (sabhI nahIM) aisI vanaspatiyoM kA upayoga karate haiM jinheM prApta karane meM jIvahatyA kI saMbhAvanA kama rahatI hai. jaina logoM ko isa bAta kA gaurava hai ki bhArata meM sabase pahalA pazu-aspatAla unhoMne hI kholA thA. mahAvIra ke siddhAntoM meM ahiMsA pramukha hai. vastuta: ahiMsA hI jainadharma kI rIr3ha hai, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla, parigraha-ina cAra bAtoM se bacanA ahiMsA ke bAda mukhya rUpa se mAnA jAtA hai. ye sabhI bAteM aisI haiM jo koI bhI vyakti AsAnI se pAlana kara sakatA hai, para mahAvIra kA Agraha thA ki saMsAra meM rahate hue ina bAtoM se bace rahanA muzkila hai. ataH unakA mata thA ki zIghrAtizIghra isa saMsAra se vairAgya lekara sAdhu-saMnyAsI kA jIvana bitAnA cAhie. jana-sAdhAraNa kI apekSA jaina sAdhu ke jIvana-nirvAha ke niyama aura bhI kaThina haiM. ve apane sAtha na to kisI prakAra kA dhana yA sAmAna Adi rakhate haiM aura na kabhI kisI eka makAna meM hI rahate haiM. yadyapi vyAvahArika jIvana meM sabhI jaina vastra pahinate haiM para siddhAntataH unameM 'digambara' nAmaka eka sampradAya hai jo sAdhuoM ke nirvastra rahane para jora detA hai. unakI mUrtiyA~ bhI nagna rahatI haiM. isa prakAra socane-samajhane aura kArya karane kI preraNA mahAvIra ko kahA~ se milI ? isa saMbaMdha meM maiM kucha bhI nahIM kaha sakatA. vidvAnoM meM bhI isa saMbaMdha meM matabheda hai. lekina hameM isase koI sarokAra nahIM. mukhya bAta yahI hai ki Aja se JainEd.SH minary.org
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________________ -0-0---0-0-0--0--0--0-0 mahendra rAjA : videzI lekhakoM kI dRSTi meM jainadharma aura mahAvIra : 277 karIba do hajAra varSa se bhI adhika samaya pahale eka ucca kSatriya vaMza ke rAjakumAra ne sAdhAraNa jana kI bhAMti rahakara janasAdhAraNa ko itanA adhika prabhAvita kiyA aura unheM aisA naitika upadeza diyA ki unake bAda se aba taka vaha upadeza amiTa rahA hai. saMsAra ke sabhI dharmoM meM mahAvIra ke siddhAnta kisI-na-kisI rUpa meM vidyamAna haiM. jisa vyakti ne 'AtmA' kA mahattva batalAyA, sarala aura sAde jIvana para jora diyA, jisane pazu-pakSiyoM ko bhI mAnava ke samakakSa rakhA tathA yaha batalAyA ki ve bhI mAnava ke samAna sukha-dukha kA anubhava karate haiM, use hama sarvocca sammAna va zraddhA nahIM deM to phira aura kise degeM ? eka ora jahA~ zrI pAika ne jainadharma evaM mahAvIra kI prazaMsA meM itanA adhika likhA hai, tathA baccoM ke lie likhI gaI ukta pustaka meM jainadharma kI bahuta prazaMsA kI hai, to dUsarI ora amerikA meM prakAzita kAleja stara kI eka pAThya pustaka meM kevala kucha hI pairAgrAphoM meM jainadharma ko calatA kara diyA gayA hai. isa pustaka ke lekhaka haiM zrI jArja e. bArTana aura pustaka kA nAma hai 'dI rilijiyansa Apha dI varlDa'. zrI bArTana likhate haiM-bauddhadharma ke samAna hI jainadharma bhI brAhmaNa dharma ke virodha meM eka AMdolana ke rUpa meM prAraMbha huA. jahA~ taka IzvaroM kA prazna hai, mahAvIra gautama se bhI bar3ha gae. gautama IzvaroM kA astitva mAnate the lekina unakI pUjA ke himAyatI nahIM the. mahAvIra IzvaroM ko mAnate hI nahIM the para gautama ke samAna punarjanma evaM karma ke siddhAnta ko unhoMne mAnA. jainadharma ke 5 mukhya (AcArasaMbaMdhI) siddhAnta haiM, jinake AdhAra para usake anuyAyiyoM ko hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla, parigraha se bacAne kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai. yadyapi bauddhadharma meM bhI kucha isI prakAra ke 5 niyama haiM, para yaha kahanA galata hogA ki jaina dharma ne unheM bauddhadharma se liyA yA bauddhadharma ne jainadharma se. prasiddha lekhaka jaikobI ke matAnusAra isa bAta kI saMbhAvanA adhika hai ki donoM para hindU dharma kA prabhAva par3A. jaina loga ahiMsA ke siddhAnta ko itanA adhika Age mAnate haiM ki ve (manuSyetara) jIvahatyA ko bhI bahuta hI bar3A mAnate haiM. zAyada yahI kAraNa hai ki bhArata ke pratyeka grAma aura nagara meM, jahA~ jainiyoM kI kucha bastI hai, koI na koI pazucikitsAlaya Avazya hai. I0 DablyU. hopakinsa to jaina dharma ko dharma hI nahIM mAnate. unakA kahanA hai ki jo dharma Izvara ke astitva meM vizvAsa nahIM karatA varana mAnavapUjA kA himAyatI hai, use jIvita rahane kA koI adhikAra nahIM. "ensAiklopIDiyA amerikAnA"4 meM jaina dharma ko bhArata ke bahuta se dharmoM meM se eka mAnate hue lekhaka kA mata hai ki kevala ahiMsA ke kAraNa hI jaina dharma kA janma va vikAsa huA. mukhya brAhmaNoM kI baliprathA ke virodha meM janme isa dharma ne logoM ko zIghra hI AkarSita kiyA aura isI kA pariNAma hai ki bhArata meM adhikAMza pazucikitsAlaya jainadharmAvalambiyoM dvArA khulavAe gae haiM. jaina mandiroM kI prazaMsA meM lekhaka ne likhA hai ki ve atyanta sUndara cittAkarSaka, bhavya evaM vAstukalA kI dRSTi se uccakoTi ke hote haiM. jainiyoM kI apanI svatantra vAstu kalA hai. "ensAIklopIDiyA briTAnikA"5 meM lekhaka ne jainiyoM ko bhArata kA eka mahattvapUrNa sampradAya mAnA hai. apanI saMpannatA ke kAraNa jaina loga apanI saMkhyA kI apekSA adhika prabhAvazAlI haiM. "briTAnikA' ke lekhaka ko yaha mAnane meM koI Apatti nahIM ki jainadharma bauddhadharma kI apekSA kucha purAnA hai. anya 1. Barton, George A. : The Religions of the world. (Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1919). 2nd edition. 2. Jacobi, H. in "Sacred Books of the East. Vol. xxii 3. Hopkins E. W. Religions of India (Bostan,1895). 4. Encyclopedia Americana. vol Xv, 1958 edition. 5. Encyclopedia Brittanica. vol. XII 1961. edition. MAHABALILAALAALIYA PRIDHIANALANDA AAAAN wwwwwwy wwwwway www Isiolo i oloill 10101010101010 MAITRINITIN ololololololol
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________________ ------------ ----- 278 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya lekhakoM ke samAna isa lekha kA lekhaka bhI yaha mAnatA hai ki pahale ke 22 tIrthaMkara bhale hI paurANika caritra hoM, para pArzvanAtha evaM mahAvIra vAstavika vyakti the. pahale 22 tIrthakara kahA~ taka aitihAsika haiM, yaha vivAda kA viSaya hai. zvetAmbara-digambara vivAda para kucha vicAra karate hue tathA tatsaMbaMdhI aitihAsika tathyoM kI puSTi apuSTi para apanA mata vyakta karate hue lekhaka ne jaina sAhitya kI alabhyatA para kheda prakaTa kiyA hai. lekhaka kA mata hai ki jaina sAhitya pracura mAtrA meM astitva meM hai, para usakA adhikAMza abhI taka aprakAzita hai tathA AlamAriyoM meM banda hai. isI kAraNa janasAdhAraNa ko isa saMbaMdha meM adhika jAnakArI nahIM ho sakI. lekhaka kA mata hai ki jaina vAstukalA, vizeSakara mandiranimaNikalA kI apanI alaga zailI hai. isa kalA meM jainiyoM se Age bar3hanA anya kisI ke lie kaThina hai. yadyapi kucha jaina guphA mandiroM evaM stUpoM para bauddha-zailI kA prabhAva hai para pattharoM para khudAI kI kalA ko unhone carama sImA para pahu~cAyA thA jisa para aba taka anya koI nahIM pahu~ca sakA hai. eka choTe se lekha meM yaha saMbhava nahIM ki aMgrejI meM prApta pratyeka aise grantha kA saMdarbha diyA jA sake jisameM jaina dharma yA mahAvIra saMbaMdhI kucha carcA ho. pAThakoM kI suvidhA ke lie isa lekha ke anta meM kucha aise mahattvapUrNa prakAzanoM kA vivaraNa diyA gayA hai jinameM jaina dharma sambandhI carcA vistAra se kI gaI hai. icchuka vyaktiyoM ko unheM dekhane kA prayatna karanA cAhie. yahA~ upasaMhAra ke rUpa meM maiM amerikA meM prakAzita eka bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa graMtha "dI ArkiyolAjI Apha varlDa rilIjiyansa''' kA ullekha karane kA moha saMvaraNa nahIM kara pA rahA hU~. isa pustaka meM karIba 60 pRSThoM meM jaina dharma evaM mahAvIra sambandhI vivaraNa tathA viSaya se sambandhita karIba 20 citra diye gae haiM. abhI taka mujhe jaina dharma sambandhI jitane bhI graMtha dekhane ko mile haiM, unameM sabase adhika vistRta evaM spaSTa vivaraNa isI graMtha meM dekhane ko milA hai. vidvAn lekhaka ne jaina dharma sambandhI prAyaH pratyeka prazna para jaina dhArmika graMthoM ke AdhAra para vicAra kiyA hai. jaina dharma ke 24 saMsthApaka, vipula jaina sAhitya, sabhI tIrthaMkaroM kA varNa, cihna, Ayu, UMcAI, kAla tathA eka dUsare ke bIca kI avadhi kA ullekha karate hue niSkarSa nikAlA hai ki eka ke bAda dUsare pratyeka tIrthakara kI Ayu evaM bIca kI avadhi, tathA UMcAI meM kramazaH kamI hotI gaI. prArambhika kucha tIrthaMkaroM ke sambandha meM to jaina sAhitya meM aise kalpanAtIta AMkar3e diye gae haiM jo spaSTa hI atizayokti mAne jAeMge. para lekhaka kA anumAna hai ki anya dharmoM ke devatAoM ke samAna ye bhI paurANika caritra hI haiM. antima do tIrthaMkaroM ke vivaraNa sahaja saMbhAvya mAnate hue lekhaka kA mata hai ki kevala pArzvanAtha evaM mahAvIra ko hI aitihAsika caritra mAnA jA sakatA hai. tathA unheM hI isa dharma kA saMsthApaka mAnA jAnA cAhie. yadyapi pArzvanAtha ke saMbandha meM lekhaka kA mata hai ki adhikAMza bAteM bar3hA-car3hAkara kahI gaI haiM. para vaha yaha svIkAra karatA hai ki pArzvanAtha ke jIvana kI ghaTanAe~ tatkAlIna bhAratIya sAmAjika sthiti dekhate hue satya ho sakatI haiM tathA unake saMbaMdha meM jo kucha likhA gayA hai, adhikAMza aitihAsika mAnA jA sakatA hai. isake bAda pArzvanAtha evaM mahAvIra kI janmatithi evaM kAla, jainadharma ke mUla siddhAMta, jainadharma ke AdhAra para vizvaracanA, kAlakramAnusAra vizva-vivaraNa, jIva-ajIva, puNya-pApa, Azrava Adi kA vistRta paricaya, dharma kA vizleSaNa, bhAratIya itihAsa kI pRSThabhUmi meM jainadharma kA vikAsa-pracAra, zizunAga evaM nanda kAla, mauryakAla, kuSANakAla, guptakAla tathA madhyakAla meM jainadharma ke itihAsa para alaga-alaga paricchedoM meM vicAra kiyA gayA hai. jaina dharma kA itihAsa tathA ukta sabhI kAloM meM jaina vAstu evaM citrakalA kA jitanA vizada vivaraNa isa pustaka meM diyA 1. Finegan Jack : The archeology of world Religions. (Princeton, princeton university press 1952.) O 697 Jain Ed Lation Inter Duration:-DacanaLLLL Mw.jainalibudiy.org
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________________ ----- ------- mahendra rAjA : videzI lekhakoM kI dRSTi meM jainadharma aura mahAvIra : 276 gayA hai utanA anyatra milanA durlabha hai / isa pustaka ke lekhaka zrIphAinagena barkalI (kailIphoniyA) meM pesiphika skUla Apha rilIjiyana meM lekcarara haiM. kucha anya grantha jinakA ullekha lekha meM nahIM ho sakA1. Brown, W. Norman : The story of Kalka, Texts, History, Legends, and Miniature Paintings of the Svetambara Jain Hagiographical Work, The Kalkacharyakatha. (Smithsonian Institution, Freer Gallery of Art. Oriental Studies. I) 2 Smith Vincent A. : The Jain Stupa and other antiquities of Mathura . (Archeologi cal Survey of India, New Imperial Series, xx) 1901. Griffin, Lepel : Famous monuments of Central India. 1886 Macdonell, A.A. : India's past : a survey of her literatures, languages and antiquities. 1927 Brown, Noman Brown : A. descriptive and illustrated catalogue of the miniature paintings of the Jain Kalpasutra as executed in the early Western Indian style. (Smithsonian Institution, Freer Gallery of Art, Oriental studies, Vol. 2) 1934 Brown, W. Norman : Manuscript illustrations of the Uttradhyayana Sutra reproduced and described (American Oriental Series 21) 1941 Moore, George Foot : History of religions. International Theological Library 19191920
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________________ mA manizrI zrImallajI Arhata ArAdhanA kA mUlAdhAra : samyagdarzana sampUrNa mAnavasabhyatA vikAsakrama kA supariNAma hai. mAnavajAti ke Aja taka ke rUpa para yadi dRSTipAta kiyA jAya to kramika vikAsa kI ajasra pravAhita honevAlI srotasvinI kA darzana-digdarzana kiyA jA sakatA hai. vikAsa kI gatizIlatA svayaM mAnava para hI nirbhara rahI hai. usakI AvazyakatAoM evaM AkAMkSAoMke sAtha usakA avicchinna sambandha haiM. samasta dharma, darzana aura saMskRti isI zAzvata prakriyA ke aMga haiM. kevala dharma, darzana aura saMskRti hI kyoM, samasta mAnava jJAna-vijJAna hI isI prakriyA ke antargata haiM. pratyeka yuga meM inakA svarUpa bhinna-bhinna parilakSita hogA. sthiti, kAla aura vAtAvaraNa ke anusAra hara yuga inakA sRjana karatA rahA hai. miTTI miTTI hai para kalAkAra apane manobhAvoM ke anusAra use vibhinna rUpa detA rahatA hai. sRjana kI yaha prakriyA sadaiva gatizIla rahI hai. kabhI maMda to kabhI tIva. yadi yoM kahA jAya to adhika spaSTa hogA ki manuSya ne apane nirmANa ke lie samasta jJAna-vijJAna kA sRjana kiyA hai. dharma, darzana aura saMskRti bhI mAnava ke mastiSka kI sahaja upaja hai aura isakA AviSkAra bhI usane apane lie hI kiyA hai. bhAratIya dharma-paramparA meM jIvana ke pratyeka anuSThAna kA kendrabiMdu manuSya hai. dharma darzana tathA saMskRti ke kSetra meM sarvatra manuSya hI upAsya rahA hai. jisa dharmakriyA kA phala mAnavIya jIvana ke lie upayogI na ho, vaha na bhAratIya saMskRti ke lie anukUla hai aura na Adhunika jIvanapaddhati ke lie upAdeya. vijJAna, sAhitya, kalA, rAjanIti Adi kI upayogitA kI eka mAtra kasauTI mAnava kA pratyakSa parokSa lAbha hai. jIvana ke isa vaijJAnika dRSTikoNa se jahA~ eka ora mAnava kI pratiSThA bar3hI hai, vahA~ dUsarI ora svarga kI kalpanAoM meM khoye rahane vAle logoM ko dharatI kA kuzala-maMgala pUchane kA pATha par3hanA par3hA hai. Aja ke isa jAne-pahacAne vizva ke samagra vicAroM kA madhya bindu mAnava ke atirikta anya kucha bhI nahIM hai. vizvakSitija kA pratyeka graha-upagraha mAnava rUpI kendra ke cAroM ora maMDarAtA hai. vizva kI gati-vidhi kA mUla AdhAra hai manuSya. jo manuSya itanA mahanIya aura vizvaparidhi kA kendra-bindu hai, vaha yathArtha meM hai kyA? hama ise miTTI, pAnI, Aga, havA Adi kA saMyoga mAtra mAne ? kyA yaha jala meM se utpanna hone vAlA aura phira jala hI meM vilIna ho jAne vAlA kSaNabhaMgura eka budbuda mAtra hai ? nahIM. manuSya mAtra vahI nahIM hai, jo dekhA jAtA hai. usameM eka aisA adRSTa tattva bhI vidyamAna hai, jo hokara bhI dRSTigocara nahIM hotaa| isI tattva kA anveSaNa karane ke lie bhArata ne kaI RSi maharSi evaM AcArya utpanna kiye. isI ke sAkSAtkAra ke lie unhoMne apane jIvana taka ko utsarga kara diyA. bhArata meM jo bhinna-bhinna mata-matAntara tathA vAda dRSTigocara hote haiM ve isI adRSTa ke sAkSAtkAra kA nirghoSa kara rahe haiM. AtmavAdI darzanoM kI vicAradhArA ke anusAra manuSya martya aura amRta kA suMdara saMyoga hai. isameM kucha aisA hai, jo bAra-bAra banatA hai, bigar3atA hai, sar3atA hai aura miTatA hai. parantu sAtha hI usameM kucha aisA bhI sannihita hai, jo na utpanna SURES Jain E n rPPER Iww. inyojary.org
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________________ muni zrImalla : pAhata ArAdhanA kA mUlAdhAra samyagdarzana : 281 hotA hai, na vikRta hotA hai aura na naSTa hI hotA hai. vaha ciraMtana sundara hai. deha martya hai aura AtmA amRta. manuSya kA dehamUlaka martya aMza hI use pArthiva jagat se sambaddha rakhatA hai. bhAratIya darzana kA yaha kathana bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai ki "jaba taka martya aura amRta aMzoM ko ThIka se nahIM samajhA jAyagA evaM unakA samyak vikAsa nahIM kiyA jAyagA taba taka manuSya apUrNa hI rahegA." yadi kiMcit samyak dRSTi se socA jAya to kahA jA sakatA hai ki Adarza aura yathArtha ke kagAroM meM jIvana-saritA pravahamAna honI cAhie. inakA samyak samanvaya hI jIvana ko satyam zivam sundaram se abhihita kara sakatA hai. yathArtha aura Adarza, martya aura amRta kA saMyoga hI mAnava jIvanako una samasta mAnavIya mUlyoM se avagata karA sakatA hai jisane manuSya ko devatAtulya banAyA hai / Aja jinakI sarvAdhika AvazyakatA anubhava kI jA rahI hai ve yahI mAnavIya mUlya haiM jo bhautikatA ke atireka meM prAyaH naSTa hote jA rahe haiM. svArtha, dambha, moha evaM tRSNA ne Aja inheM aparUpa banA DAlA hai, lipsA aura vAsanA ke Adhikya ne virUpa kara diyA hai. bhogavAdI manuSya kevala apane bhautika svarUpa ko hI jAnatA-pahacAnatA hai. zarIra kA sukha usakA sukha hai. zarIra kA duHkha usakA duHkha hai. zarIra ke hrAsa-vikAsa meM hI usake hrAsa-vikAsa kI sImA hai. vaha mAnatA hai ki zarIra sundara hai to vaha sundara hai aura yadi zarIra vikRta hai to vaha bhI vikRta hai. bhogavAdI mAtra bhoga ke jAla meM Abaddha rahatA hai. vaha socatA hai ki pRthvI, jala, vAyu, agni Adi saba mere haiM aura maiM unakA hUM. ina bhUtoM ke saMyoga se hI merA astitva hai aura inakA bikharAva hI merA maraNa hai. bhogavAdI amRta aMza ko mAnane se inkAra karatA hai aura martya aMza ko mAnane ke lie ikarAra karatA hai. isIlie bhoga-vilAsa, daihika sukha, artha, kAma ityAdi usake sAdhya bana jAte haiM. ina sabakI prApti aura inake upabhoga meM hI vaha apane jIvana kI sArthakatA samajhatA hai. pAzcAtya rASTroM meM isa darzana athavA dRSTi kA carama vikAsa huA hai. zAyada sadiyoM kI ghuTana, kuMThA, utpIr3ana, zoSaNa evaM raktalolupatA kI yaha pratikriyA hai. pAzcAtya sAhitya evaM itihAsa ke anuzIlana se yaha aura bhI spaSTa ho jAtA hai. yaha saba vahAM isalie saMbhava huA ki vahAM mAnava kI vRttiyoM para koI pratibandha nahIM lagAyA gayA. hamAre yahAM nIti, dharma, sabhyatA evaM saMskRti ke Aloka meM unako saMskArita karane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai. isa prakAra ke prayatna vahAM svalpa dRSTigata hote haiM. yaha bhI ho sakatA hai ki jisa prakAra kI bhUmikA kI usake lie apekSA hotI hai vaha zAyada vahAM nahIM bana pAI. hamAre yahAM to hamArA prAdya itihAsa bhI usakI eka bhUmikA hai. hamAre dharmAcArya bhI sadaiva isake lie sajaga rahe haiM. adhyAtmavAdI manuSya zarIra kI sattA se inkAra nahIM karatA. usakI viveka-dRSTi zarIra ke antaHsthita divya aMza kA bhI sAkSAtkAra karatI rahatI hai. isIlie zarIra meM sthita hone para bhI vaha AtmA ko zarIra se bhinna mAnatA hai.' yaha eka cetana tattva hai. yahI cetanA prANImAtra ko saMcAlita karatI hai. mAnava ke udbhava meM isI tattva kA sarvAdhika yoga hai. mAnavIya utkrAnti ke mUla meM bhI yaha samAhita hai. yahI cetanA mAnavI vRttiyoM ko duSpravRttiyoM kI ora se parAGmukha kara zivatva kI ora unmukha karatI hai. sAmAjika hita va zreya-mArga kI ora prerita karatI hai. sva ke atirikta anya kA bhI astitva hai evaM usakA samyak jJAna bhI isI ke Aloka kA pariNAma hai. vyakti samAja kA aMga hai, samAja virAT hai. ataH yaha vyaktitva, yaha sattva samAja meM ghula-mila kara eka rasa ho jAnA cAhie. aham se vayam kI yaha prakri yA isakA prANa hai. AtmavAdI ke jIvana meM bhoga-vilAsa Adi kA astitva bhI rahatA hai, parantu inakI prApti evaM upabhoga hI usake jIvana 1. AyA vi kAyA, anne vi kAyA. --bhagavatI sUtra AAAA Jain Educa Personalisa Samchary.org
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________________ 9-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0--0 282 : muni zrI hajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya kA sAdhya nahIM banatA. bhoga se yoga kI ora agrasara hone meM hI usakI saphalatA hai. vaha sadA aMdhakAra se prakAza kI ora bar3hane kA vizvAsa lekara calatA hai.' vaha zarIra ko mAratA nahIM, sAdhatA hai. zarIra ke vinA kevala zarIrI dharmasAdhanA nahIM kara sakatA. zarIra kA samyak vikAsa karate hue antarmukha honA hI AtmavAda ko abhISTa hai. Atmatattva indriyagrAhya nahIM hai. usa para zraddhA kaise kI jAya, hama pratyakSa anubhUti kA viSaya nahIM banA sakate. AtmA kI duHkhI hUM' aisI jo anubhUti hai, vaha Atma- pratyakSa hai. yaha anubhUti sirpha zarIra ko banA huA hai. ina paMca bhUtoM kA jo upayoga karatA hai, vahI AtmA hai. koI manuSya se dekha na pAne ke kAraNa padArthoM kA anubhava nahIM hotA ? hotA hai. yaha anubhava karane vAlA tattva hI AtmA kI saMjJA se abhihita hotA hai. indriyoM se bhinna yaha AtmAnubhava hI saMvedanA kA pradhAna aMga hai. yahI eka mukhya prazna hai. ise bauddhika vyAyAma ke jariye anubhUti saMvedanA se kI jA sakatI hai. 'maiM sukhI hUM, maiM nahIM ho sakatI. zarIra paMca bhUtoM se aMdhA ho jAya to kyA use AMkhoM rUpa, rasa, gaMdha, sparza, zabda Adi AtmA meM nahIM haiM. aura indriyAM rUpa, rasa, gaMdha, sparzAdi ko hI grahaNa karatI haiM. isIlie AtmA indriyoM ke pratyakSa darzana kA viSaya nahIM ho sakatI tathApi antara AtmA meM spaSTa rUpa se anubhUyamAna jo saMvedanA hai, usake dvArA zarIra tathA indriyoM se bhinna AtmA ke svatantra astitva ko samajhA jA sakatA hai. AtmA sat svarUpa hai. usakA kabhI vinAza nahIM hotA. isI prakAra zrAtmA cidrUpa bhI hai. cidrUpa kA artha jJAnamaya hotA hai. AtmA apane Apako jAnatA hai aura saMsAra meM jitane padArtha haiM, unheM bhI jAnane kI kSamatA rakhatA hai. yaha kSamatA jar3a padArthoM meM nahIM hotI. zramaNa saMskRti meM AtmavAdIko sabhya-dRSTi kahA gayA hai. satya-dRSTi sampadRSTi sampadarzanI aura samyaktvI me paryAyavAcI haiM. ina sabako eka hI zabda meM kahanA ho to 'viveka dRSTi' kahA jA sakatA hai. AtmavAdI viveka dRSTA hotA hai. vaha satya kI upAsanA, sAdhanA aura grArAdhanA ke lie apanA sarvasva utsarga kara detA hai. 3 satya hI loka meM sArabhUta hai. jo manuSya satya kA pAlana karatA hai, vaha sukhI hotA hai. satyAcaraNa karane se jIvana meM AtmavizvAsa, Atma-saMtoSa tathA Atma-zAMti bar3hatI hai. satyazodhaka vastusthiti ko jAnane kA prayatna karatA hai. jAnanA jJAna kA lakSaNa hai. jJAna mAnavatA kA sAra hai. jJAna kA bhI sAra samyaktva arthAt saccI AtmazraddhA hai. 3 satya zodhaka ke zraddhAmaya jIvana vyApAra meM se smyaktva phalita hotA hai. samyaktvI ke lie satya satya hai. vaha satya apane zAstroM meM hai taba bhI upAdeya hai aura yadi vaha para zAstroM meM hai, taba bhI upAdeya hai. samyaktvI ke lie satya kI sAdhanA hI bhagavAn kI ArAdhanA hai. satya hI bhagavAn hai satyAcaraNa meM svattva paratva kI kalpanA tathA jalpanA sabase bar3A mithyAtva hai. satya dRSTi pratikUlatA meM anukUlatA kA sRjana karatI hai. satya kI ArAdhanA karane vAle samyaSTi ke lie mithyAbhUta bhI samyakta bana jAte haiM. satyasAdhaka rAga-dveSAtmaka saMsAra se pAra ho jAtA hai. * satya ko pahacAnane evaM pAne ke lie anekAMtadRSTi kI nitAnta AvazyakatA hai. pUrvAgrahI vyakti satya ke yathArtha rUpa ko pahacAnane meM asaphala rahatA hai. usakA ekAMta dRSTikoNa satya ke samasta pahaluoM para dhyAna kendrita nahIM hone detA hai aura isa prakAra vaha samagra satya kA sAkSAtkAra nahIM kara pAtA. apanI sthUla dRSTi se bhale hI koI vyakti satya ke aMza ko 1. Aroha tamaso jyotiH veda 2. saccaM logammisArabhUyaM. - praznavyAkaraNa sUtra 3. nANaM nararasa sAraM sAro vi nAyarasa hoi sammattaM. 4. sacce khu bhagavaM. - praznavyAkaraNasUtra 5. sammadiTThissa aM suyanANaM, micchadiTThissa subhaM sua- annANaM. naMdIsutaM. 6. saccarasa aNAe uvaDio mehAvI mAraM tarai. - AcArAMga. Jain Educdextensional
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________________ muni zrImalla : Aheta aArAdhanA kA mUlAdhAra samyagdarzana : 283 samajhane kA dAvA kara sakatA hai kintu vaha vyApaka evaM anekAMta dRSTi ke abhAva meM usake prati nyAya karane meM samartha nahIM ho sakegA. vartamAna meM vAdoM evaM matAgrahoM kA jo bhISaNa kolAhala evaM saMgharSa dikhAI par3a rahA hai usakA bhI mUla kAraNa satya ko sampUrNa rUpa meM jAnane kA abhAva hai. "merI sthApanA hI satya hai" yaha aham bhAvanA hI vastutaH ina samasta vigrahoM kA mUla kAraNa hai. ataH sampUrNa satya kA sAkSAtkAra Avazyaka hai aura vaha tabhI sambhava hai jaba vyakti apane ekAnta dRSTikoNa ko chor3a kara anekAMta dRSTi kA varaNa karegA. vartamAna meM satya ko AvRta karane kI prathA-sI cala par3I hai. anAvRta satya sAmAjika ahita kA kAraNa ho sakatA hai, isa tarka ke avalambana se AvRta satya ko aMgIkAra karane kA prAyaH upadeza diyA jAtA hai. kintu isa yathArthonmukha yuga meM yaha pravaMcanA sthAyI nahIM ho sakatI hai. jo satya hai, spaSTa hai, usako AvRta rUpa meM jAnane, pahacAnane meM kyA prayojana hai ? anAvRta satya kI ArAdhanA hI sahI satya-sAdhanA hai, vahI prayojanIya hai. zramaNasaMskRti samyaktvamUlaka hai. samyaktva hai to hI zrAvaka thAvaka hai aura zramaNa zramaNa hai. samyaktva rahita zrAvaka aura zramaNa kA AtmasAdhanA kI dRSTi se koI mUlya nahIM hai. kisI bhI sAdhaka ne jaba kabhI bhI AtmA ke zuddha evaM nirmala svarUpa ko pAyA hai to vaha samyaktvamUlaka satyAcaraNa ke dvArA hI. zramaNa saMskRti meM jIva, jIvana aura jagat kI pratyeka prakriyA evaM prayoga ko samyaktva kI kasauTI para hI kasakara parakhA jAtA hai. jaina AgamoM meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki jisane jIvana meM samyaktva nahIM pAyA, usane jJAna aura cAritra bhI nahIM pAyA. samyaktvahIna kA jJAna ajJAna hai.' samyaktvahIna kA cAritra bhI kucAritra hai.2 samyaktva dharma ke prabhAva se nIca-se-nIca manuSya bhI deva ho jAtA hai aura usake abhAva meM ucca-se-ucca bhI adhama ho jAtA hai.' Aja samatA aura sAmya kI sthApanA ke nAroM kA gaganabhedI udghoSa prAyaH sunAI par3atA hai. manuSya ke svArtha, vAsanA lipsA ne vaiSamya kA sAmrAjya sthApita kiyA hai aura manuSya-manuSya meM antara utpanna kara diyA hai usake bIca eka gaharI khAI kA nirmANa kara diyA hai, bheda kI durbhedya dIvAra khar3I kara dI hai. isI vaiSamya kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie prAyaH samatA athavA sAmya kA Ayojana kiyA jAtA hai. yaha yuga yAMtrikayuga, vaijJAnikayuga evaM Arthikayuga ke nAma se sambodhita kiyA jAtA hai. mAnava ke vidhi-vidhAna bhI inhIM ke dvArA paricAlita hote haiM. jina bhAvanAoM evaM manovikAroM kI preraNA se manuSya ne itanI utkrAnti kI hai, unakI ina vidhi-vidhAnoM evaM racanAoM meM prAyaH upekSA kI gaI hai. vijJAna evaM arthazAstra ke niyama eka nizcita phArmUle para niyojita ho sakate haiM kiMtu bhAvapravaNa mAnava ko ina baMdhanoM meM kaise gherA jA sakatA hai ? isI bhramamUlaka dRSTi ne ina vargasaMgharSoM kA niyojana kiyA hai. Aja jisa sAmya va samatA kI bAta bAra-bAra doharAI jAtI hai usameM bhI ye kamajoriyAM samAhita haiM aura phira isake pIche mAnavahita kI vizuddha bhAvanA nahIM apitu rAjanaitika SaDyaMtroM evaM chalachandoM kI dhUla ur3a rahI hai. ata: samyaktva ke vizuddha rUpa kA varaNa hI ina sabakA samAdhAna kara sakatA hai aura azAnti meM bhaTakane vAle vizva ko zAnti pradAna kara sakatA hai. zramaNa-sAhitya ke atirikta vaidika-sAhitya meM bhI samyagdarzana kI mahimA kama nahIM hai. vahA~ Rta, satya, samatva Adi zabdoM se isI kI ora iMgita kiyA gayA hai. samyak darzana zabda bhI prayukta huA hai, parantu bahuta kama. zrIkRSNa arjuna se kahate haiM-he arjuna ! jIvana ko zAnta aura pavitra banAne ke lie samatva prApta karo. samatva saba se bar3A yoga hai.' 1. nAdaMsaNissa nANaM. -uttarAdhyayana a0 28 gA03. 2. natthi carittaM sammattavihUNaM-uttarAdhyayana a0 28 gA0 26. 3. samyagdarzanasampannamapi mAtaMgadehajam , devA devaM vidurbharamagUDhAMgArAntaraujasam. -AcAryasa maMtabhadra. 4. samatvaM yoga ucyate. --gItA
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________________ 284 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya -6--0--0--0------------- manu-saMhitA meM bhI ise parama tattva ke rUpa meM nirdiSTa kiyA hai. maharSi manu kahate haiM ki samyakadarzana se sampanna vyakti karmabaddha nahIM hotA. saMsAra meM paribhramaNa vahI karatA hai jo samyagdarzanavihIna hotA hai.' samyaktvI kA jIvana-vyApAra guNapradhAna hotA hai. AtmA aura jagat ke hita kI dRSTi se tarkasaMgata vicAra kara jo triyA kI jAya vahI samyaktvI kA AcAra hai. samyaktvI kA AcAra pApapradhAna nahIM hotA hai.2 "maiM manuSya hU~, jo kucha mAnavIya hai, use maiM apane se pRthak nahIM kara sakatA" samyaktvI meM aisI abhedadRSTi hotI hai. vaha jala meM rahakara bhI kamalavat nilipta rahatA hai. svAdu bhojana, madhura peya, sundara vasana, acche alaMkAra aura bhavya bhavana bhI use pathabhraSTa nahIM kara sakate. sabhI ko apane samAna mAnanA, aura samatAmaya jIvana kA vikAsa karanA hI samyaktvI kI pahicAna hai. samyaktvI ko pahacAnane ke pA~ca lakSaNa haiM--sama, saMvega, nirveda, anukaMpA aura Astikya. samatA jIvanavyavahAra kA eka mukhya guNa hai. jo padArtha, jo pravRttiyA~ aura dRSTi manuSya ko manuSya se pRthak karatI hai, vaha asamatA kI dyotaka hai. samyaktvI bhASA, prAnta, jAti, dharma, artha, zAstra, Izvara, paMtha Adi kisI bhI kSetra meM Aveza, Agraha yA pakSapAta ke vazIbhUta hokara asamatA ko mAnya nahIM kara sakatA. jIvananirvAha ke lie jo Avazyaka padArtha haiM, ve sAre samAja ke lie haiM. una para ekAdhipatya sthApita kara vaiSamya paidA karanA samyaktvI kA lakSaNa nahIM hai. jo samabhAva bAhya jIvana ko spaSTa karatA hai, vahI antarjIvana meM 'samabhAva' kA rUpa dhAraNa kara letA hai. samabhAva kA artha hai udaya meM Aye hue krodhAdi kaSAyoM ko asaphala karanA. krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, IrSyA, ghRNA Adi vikAra kisa meM nahIM hote ? inake parityAga kI bAta zravaNa karane meM sabhI ko acchI lagatI hai kintu AcaraNa meM lAnA atyanta kaThina hotA hai. samyaktvI sAdhaka upazama se krodha ko, vinaya se mAna ko, saralatA se mAyA ko, saMtoSa se lobha ko, samabhAva se IrSyA ko, aura prema se ghRNA ko jItane kA abhyAsa karatA hai. kyoMki krodha prema kA nAza karatA hai, mAna vinaya kA, mAyA mitratA kA aura lobha samasta sadguNoM kA ghAta karatA hai.4 krodhAdi vikAra jIvana bhara sthira raha jAeM athavA varSabhara se bhI adhika raha jAeM to ve AtmA ke samyaktva guNa kA ghAta kara sakate haiM. ataH ina para vijaya pAnA hI samyaktvI kI prAthamika sAdhanA hai. isI sAdhanA ko prazama bhI kahate haiM. yaha sAdhanA vyakti ke lie zIghra grAhya ho sakatI hai kintu samaSTi ke lie kaThina sI pratIta hotI hai. hAlAMki vyaktiyoM se hI samaSTi kA nirmANa hotA hai, kintu samaSTi meM viSamatA hotI hai ataH yaha kaThinAI spaSTa hai. vyaktimUlaka yA ikAIparaka sAdhanAoM kA samAjIkaraNa Aja Avazyaka hogayA hai. jaba taka inakA samAjIkaraNa nahIM hogA taba taka samatA kA svarAjya-sthApana bhI eka kalpanA yA svapnavat rahegA. krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, IrSyA, ghRNA ke jo mUla kAraNa haiM unakA ucchedana Avazyaka hai. inake uccheda para hI samatA ke bhavya sAmAjika bhavana kA nirmANa saMbhava hai. isake uccheda kA kyA upAya hai ? isa saMbandha meM yaha batAnA apekSita hai ki vaiyaktikatA kA tirobhAva sAmUhikatA meM karanA hogA. sAmAjika hita ko sarvopari mahattva dekara vyakti ko svArtha, moha, tRSNA Adi kA visarjana karanA hogA. 1. samyagdarzanasampannaH, karmabhirna nibadhyate, darzanena vihInastu saMsAraM pratipadyate. -manusaMhitA. 2. sammattadaMsI na karei pAvaM. 3. uvasameNa haNe kohaM, mANaM mahavayA jiNe, mAyAmajjavabhAveNa, loho saMtosao jiNe. -dazabaikAlika 4. koho pII paNAsei mANo viNayanAsaNo mAyA mittANi nAsei loho sayapaNAsaNo. dazavaikAlika ( E JainEducatasaari A Pecasts VAammemantrary.org
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________________ 1990650000s munizrImalla : Ata ArAdhanA kA mUlAdhAra samyagdarzana : 281 tabhI saMgrahavRtti naSTa hogI. eka udAharaNa se ise samucita rUpa meM samajhA jA sakatA hai-- zarIra ke vibhinna aMgoM meM yadi ekAtmatA na ho to zarIra nirjIva ho jAyagA. mAnA ki coTa lagane ke kAraNa hAtha kArya karane meM asamartha haiM aura paira calane meM azakta ! to una para krodha kara unheM kATA nahIM jA sakatA apitu una kI paricaryA kara punaH unheM kArya yogya banAnA par3atA hai. isI prakAra samAja kA pratyeka vyakti zarIra ke vibhinna avayava ke sadRza hai. usake vyasanoM ko ghRNA se nahIM varan sneha evaM sahAnubhUti se avasanna karanA hai. isa ke lie prathama kI sAdhanA ati upayogI hai. prazama kI siddhi meM 'saMvega' sahAyaka hai. rAgadveSAtmaka saMsAra kI ora se haTAkara indriyoM kI gati ko vItarAga bhAva kI sAdhanA kI tarapha mor3anA hI saMvega hai. vega kA artha hai gati yadi vaha gati vAsanApoSaNa kI ora hai to vaha kuvega hai. aura yadi vaha gati vAsanAkSaya kI ora hai to saMvega hai. samyagdRSTi saMvega kA ArAdhaka hotA hai. vaha isa tathya se bhalIbhAMti paricita hotA hai ki indriyoM ke dvArA pravAhita jo vAsanA kA vega hai, vaha varSAkAlIna nadI kI bhAMti sva-para-saMhAraka hai. zaratkAlIna nadI do taToM ke bIca bahatI huI jaise sRjana aura poSaNa meM yoga detI hai, vaise hI tyAga aura bhoga rUpI taToM ke bIca pravAhita jIvana saMvega sAdhanA ke lie upayukta hai. tyAga aura bhoga ke bIca meM vahI sAdhaka vivekapUrvaka khar3A raha sakatA hai jisa kI AtmA para prabala moha kA sAmrAjya na ho. moha kI prabalatA hI saMvega guNa kI ghAtaka hai. saMvegasAdhanA meM sajaga rahane se hI prabala moha ko haTAkara prazama guNa kA vikAsa kiyA jA sakatA hai. saMvega kI aMtima pariNati 'nirveda' meM hotI hai. mohodaya ko 'veda' kahate haiM. usake tIna rUpa haiM--strIveda, puruSaveda aura napuMsaka veda puruSa ke sAtha rati-sukha kI kAmanA strIveda hai. strI ke sAtha ratisukha kI kAmanA puruSaveda hai. ubhaya ke sAtha kI kAmanA napuMsakaveda hai. isa prakAra kAmavAsanA kA kSaya honA hI 'nirveda' hai. samyaktvo kA jIvana bhogalakSI nahIM hotA. vaha na iha loka ke bhoga cAhatA hai aura na svarga Adi ke hI prazama aura saMvega kI sAdhanA karate-karate vedodaya kI pravRtti usI prakAra kSINa ho jAtI hai, jisa prakAra jJAnAbhyAsa meM rata vidyArthI kA mana bacapana meM khele hue gaMde kheloM se uparata ho jAtA hai. samyaktvI komalahRdaya hotA hai. dUsare ko pIr3A aura kaSTa meM dekhakara vaha dravita ho uThatA hai. kyoMki vaha prANImAtra ke sAtha AtmIyatA kI anubhUti karatA hai. AtmIyatA ke kAraNa dUsaroM kA sukha duHkha bhI apanA ho jAtA hai. isI saMvedanazIlatA tathA sahAnubhUtine manuSya ke hRdayameM dayA aura dAna bhAvanA kI sRSTi kI hai. mAnava ko pazu aura dAnava banane se bacAne meM isI kA sarvAdhika yoga hai. kisIko pIr3ita avasthA meM dekhakara hRdaya meM karuNA kA utsa pravAhita honA svAbhAvika hai. AtmA kA yahI eka aisA sahaja guNa hai - jisane pRthvI para bAra-bAra pralaya hone se rokA hai. isakA vistAra yadi samucita rUpa se kiyA jAya to Aja duniyA ko parezAna karane vAlA zIta yuddha bhI upazAnta ho sakatA hai. isakA svAbhAvika vikAsa ina samasta gatyavarodhoM ko samAhita kara zAnti aura saurabhya kA nirbhara pravAhita kara sakatA hai. dUsaroM ke sukha duHkha ko AtmIya bhAva se grahaNa kara unake kaSToM ko miTAne kA prayAsa hI anukampA hai. anukampA sAmAjika jIvana evaM sahajIvana kA snehasUtra hai. anukampA ke kAraNa hI manuSya apanI tathA apane parivAra kI taraha hI, apane adhInastha vyaktiyoM kI yogya aura ucita AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti samyak rUpa se karatA hai. dUsaroM kI AvazyakatAoM kA dhyAna na rakhakara apanI AvazyakatAoM ko bar3hAte rahane se anukampA kA ghAta hotA hai. samyaktva-ArAdhaka apanI AjIvikA kA arjana karane ke lie jo sAdhana apanAtA hai, usameM kisI prakAra kI aprAmANikatA na A jAya, isake lie satata jAgarUka rahatA hai. samyaktva guNa ke vistAra ke lie AstikatA Avazyaka hotI hai. manuSya jyoM-jyoM sadguNoM ko jIvana meM apanAtA hai tyoM-tyoM Astikya guNa kA vikAsa hotA hai. AstikatA zraddhA ko balavatI banAtI hai. zraddhA kabhI manuSya ko vipathagAmI nahIM hone detI. zraddhA aura aMdhazraddhA meM antara hai. aMdhazraddhAlu dUsaroM ke prati aziSTa vyavahAra kara sakatA hai, kintu zraddhAlu aisA nahIM kara sakatA. usameM karuNA, muditA, maMtrI aura taTasthatA vidyamAna rahatI hai. AtmA aura usake vikAsa ke Jain Educatichtema 220000000 848 Gir Priv Pers Use 2250053 0003 1000007 how.jainasurary.org
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________________ 286 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya -0-0--0--0-0-0--0--0--0-0 prazasta patha para dRr3ha vizvAsa kA honA hI AstikatA kI vyAvahArika bhUmikA hai. AstikatA, AsthA aura zraddhA sabhI eka hI artha kA dyotana karane vAle zabda haiM. vizvAsa bhI inhIM ke antargata AtA hai. bahuta se vyakti AstikatA, kA sahI artha na samajhane ke kAraNa apane Apa ko nAstika kahate haiM. asti kA artha hai sthiti yA astitva ko svIkAra karanA. isa abhedamUlaka dRSTi se sabhI AstikatA ke antargata A jAte haiM. nAstikatA jaisI koI cIja phira astitva meM nahIM rahatI. para AstikatA ko kisI artha vizeSa meM rUr3ha kara dene ke kAraNa ye sabhI vikRtiyAM utpanna ho gaI haiM. AsthA ke abhAva meM vyakti kA vikAsa nizcita rUpa se avaruddha ho jAyegA. jaba lakSya aura uddezya ke prati hI vyakti kI AsthA nahIM rahegI taba dRr3hatA aura saMkalpa bhI use siddhi ke sopAna taka nahIM pahu~cA sakate. sAdhanA ke pAMva lar3akhar3A uge aura vikAsa kI gati avaruddha ho jAegI. ataH AstikatA, AsthA athavA zraddhA kI sahaja smita-rekhA meM sAdhanA aura vikAsa ko grathita karanA hogA. AsthA ke isa sUtra meM valayita hone para samyaktva kI bhUmikA prazasta aura abAdhita ho jAyegI. isa prakAra sama, saMvega, nirveda, anukaMpA aura Astikya, ye pAMca lakSaNa samyaktvI ke haiM. inakA svarUpa samyaktvI ke jIvana meM parilakSita honA hI cAhiye. samyaktvI sAdhaka samyaktva kI rakSA ke lie satata sAvadhAna rahatA hai. jAgRti jIvana kA lakSaNa hai. ajAgRti maraNa kA pratIka hai. jAgRta manuSya hI vikRtiyoM se apanI rakSA kara sakatA hai. asAvadhAnatA kI avasthA meM jo zithilatA yA vikRti AtI hai use aticAra kahate haiM. samyaktva bhI eka vrata hai. use zuddha va nirmala rakhane ke lie pAMca aticAroM se bacanA cAhiye. ve aticAra ye haiM-zaMkA, kAMkSA, vicikitsA, para-pAkhaNDaprazaMsA aura para-pAkhaNDasastava. samyaktvaprApti ke sAdhana, evaM sAdhanA meM saMzaya karanA zaMkA hai. zaMkA-zIla vyakti kisIbhI viSayakA vizeSajJa nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki mUla tattvoM para avizvAsa rakhane ke kAraNa vaha puruSArtha kI sAdhanA karane meM asamartha rahatA hai. 'saMzayAtmA vinazyati' isa ukti ke anusAra saMzayI apanI zakti kA nAza karatA hai aura svayaM kA bhI nAza karatA hai. samyaktvI sAdhaka zaMkAzIla nahIM rahatA. vaha sadasad-vivekinI buddhi ke dvArA tattvoM kA yathArtha samAdhAna prApta karatA hai 2 jo adRSTa tattva buddhi kI pakar3a meM nahIM Ate, unheM AptopadiSTa mAnakara apanI zaMkAoM kA nirasana kara letA hai, AptapuruSa yathArtha jJAtA evaM vaktA hote haiM. kSINadoSa hone ke kAraNa unakI vANI meM kisI prakAra kI apUrNatA nahIM hotI. samyaktvI kI yaha dRr3ha zraddhA hotI hai ki "tameva saccaM NIsaMkaM jaMjirohiM paveiyaM"3 jJAnaprApti evaM tattvanirNaya ke lie jo zaMkA kI jAtI hai, vaha aticAra kI koTi meM nahIM AtI. "na saMzayamanAruhya naro bhadrANi pazyati." jo siddhAnta, sAdhanA tathA kriyAkANDa samyaktva ke paripoSaka na hoM ve sabhI paradharma haiM, paya-dharma kI cAha karane ko 'kAMkSA' kahate haiM. gItA meM 'svadharme nidhanaM zreyaH paradharmo bhayAvahaH' kahakara isI tathya kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai. dharmake do rUpa haiM, svadharma aura paradharma. AtmaguNoM kI abhivyaMjaka evaM svasvarUpa-ramaNa meM sthira karane vAlI prakriyA svadharma hai. paradharma kI prakriyA isase pratikUla hai. sva-para-dharmAtmaka paraspara virodhI sAdhanoM meM manoyoga bikhara jAne se kAMkSAzIla sAdhaka samyaktva ko na to surakSita rakha sakatA hai aura na puSTa hI kara sakatA hai. ArAdhanA ke phala ke prati saMdeha karanA 'vicikitsA' hai. merI sAdhanA, japa, tapa, evaM puruSArtha kA phala milegA yA nahIM, aisA saMdeha vicikitsA kA pariNAma hai. isase puruSArtha ke prati anAsthA paidA hotI hai. tanmayatA ke dvArA hI sAdhaka apanI manaHsthiti ko kendrita kara sakatA hai. lakSya ke prati vaha tanmayatA hI saphalatA 1. bhagavadgItA. 2. tattvArthazraddhAnaM samyagdarzanam, -tattvArthasUtra, a01-2 3. AcArAMga pra0 zru0. | Tu Tu Tu Tu Tu Tu Tu Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal se Only
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________________ muni zrImalla : aAheta aArAdhanA kA mUlAdhAra samyagdarzana : 287 kA sulakSaNa hai. lakSya ke prati kSaNa mAtra kA pramAda skhalanA kA kAraNa hogA.' lakSya bhraSTa kabhI apane saduddezya ko prApta nahIM kara sakatA. ataeva lakSya ke prati tanmayatA Avazyaka hai. kisAna vAdaloM kI taba taka pratIkSA karatA rahatA hai, jaba taka ki ve barasa na jAeM. ve na bhI baraseM, taba bhI vaha apane kRSi-karma se parAGmukha nahIM hotA. usakI satata calane vAlI puruSArthamayI pravRttiyoM se samyaktvI sAdhakoM ko zikSA lenI cAhie aura apanI asaphalatAnoM para vijaya prApta karate hue vicikitsA se bacanA cAhie. 'karmaNyevAdhikAraste mA phaleSu kadAcana'2 isa siddhAnta ko jIvana meM vyavahRta karane se vicikitsA nahIM panapa sakatI. samyaktvI kI sAdhanA bhogapradhAna nahIM hotI, indriya aura viSayoM ke saMyoga se prApta hone vAle sukha parApekSI hone se 'para' kahalAte haiM. ina sukhoM kI AkAMkSA se kiye jAne vAle vrata' para-pAkhaNDa' haiM. AcArya haribhadra ne pAkhaNDa zabda kA artha vrata kiyA hai. aise prata svIkAra karane vAle 'para-pAkhaNDI' kahalAte haiM. "parapAkhaNDI' dharmavihIna hote haiM. ve indriyasukhoM ko hI mahattva dete haiM aura vahIM taka kendrita rahate haiM. samyaktvI ina se Age bar3hatA hai. vaha Atmadarzana cAhatA hai. isa prakAra donoM kA sAdhya bhinna hone ke kAraNa samyaktvI na to parapAkhaNDa rUpa vratoM ko svIkAra karatA hai aura na parapAkhaNDI kI prazaMsA yA paricaya hI karatA hai. manakI vRttiyAM caMcala hone ke kAraNa patana kI ora zIghratA se agrasara ho jAtI haiM. Urdhva kI ora unmukha karane meM AyAsa karanA par3atA hai. kintu aihika pralobhana Urdhva kI ora gati nahIM hone dete. yahA~ aise vyaktiyoM kA abhAva nahIM hai jo svArtha ke vazIbhUta hokara dUsaroM kI jhUThI prazaMsA kara apanA ullU sIdhA karate rahate haiM. ve apane ko adhika catura aura pravINa samajhate haiM tathA dUsare ko mUrkha aura bevakUpha. aise vyaktiyoM ko sahayoga dekara AtmA ko patanonmukha banAnA bhISaNa pApa hai. samAja meM Aja isa prakAra kA eka varga hI bana gayA hai. rAjanIti meM to spaSTa hI usakA bola-bAlA hai. dharma bhI isakA zikAra ho gayA hai. apanI uccatA kI pratiSThA sthApita karane ke lie bhI isakA adhikAdhika prayoga kiyA jA rahA hai. parapAkhaMDaprazaMsA aura parapAkhaMDasaMstava klIboM kA hathiyAra hai. amogha mAnakara hI ve ise sagarva dhAraNa karate haiM. parapAkhaNDa prazaMsA aura aura parapAkhaNDa saMstava mana ko adhomukha banAte haiM. samyaktva-sAdhanA-mArga ke ye zUla haiM. inakA uccheda karake hI AtmA samyaktva ke sAtha ekAkAra ho sakatI hai. deva, guru, tathA dharma ke prati jo zraddhA hai, use bhI samyaktva kahate haiM. jinhoMne rAga, dveSa, mohAdi AtmazatruoM ko jIta liyA hai, ve deva haiM. deva tattva kI kalpanA Adarza ke rUpa meM kI jAtI hai. isa tatva meM kisI prakAra kI sAmpradAyikatA yA saMkucita vRtti nahIM hai. pratyeka AtmA utkrAnti karatA huA paramAtmA banatA hai. isIlie jaina paramparA meM jisa AtmA ne apanA pUrNa vikAsa kara liyA hai usako deva mAnA hai. aise deva ke prati Atma-kalyANa ke pratyeka abhilASI kA mastaka jhuka jAyagA. guru hamAre sAmane sAdhanA kA mArga upasthita karatA hai. sAdhu sva-para-kalyANa ke sAdhaka hote haiM. ve mahAvratoM, samitiyoM tathA guptiyoM kA pAlana karate haiM. unheM dekhakara hama apanI sAdhanA kA vyAvahArika rUpa nizcita kara sakate haiM. aise sAdhu ke caraNoM meM kisakA mastaka nata nahIM hogA? tIsarA tattva dharma hai. vaha ahiMsA saMyama aura tapa rUpa hai. isa dharma ko svIkAra karane meM kisI ko koI Apatti nahIM ho sakatI. deva guru aura dharma kI Upara jo vyAkhyA kI gaI hai vaha siddhAntata: sundara aura udAra hote hue bhI usakA upayoga paMtha tathA sampradAyavAda kI puSTi meM jaba kiyA jAtA hai taba AtmaguNoM ke sthAna para mithyAtva ko hI protsAhana milatA hai. anta: 1. samayaM goyama ! mA pamAyae. -uttarAdhyayana. 2. gItA 3. pAkhaNDa vratamityAhuH. -dazavakAlikaTIkA. mAtA wanawe JainEducation Viadalibrary.org
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________________ 288 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya dRSTi ke sthAna para bAhya dRSTi ko hI pradhAnatA milatI hai. usa samaya AtmA ko na dekhakara usakA kalevara hI dekhA jAtA hai. samyaktva jIvana kA ciraMtana satya hai. yaha satya jaba jIvana meM saMpUrNa abhivyakti pAtA hai, taba vyavahAra aura Adarza kI khAI paTatI jAtI hai. samyaktvI ke AcAra-vicAra meM eka viziSTa prakAra kI samAnatA hotI hai. mAnava mAnava hai. usameM kamajoriyAM bhI haiM. parantu samyaktvI kA jIvana una kamajoriyoM para vijaya pAne ke lie satata saMgharSazIla rahatA hai. mAnavIya durbalatAoM ke kAraNa AdarzoM ko na nibhA pAnA alaga bAta hai aura saMkalpapUrvaka apane vyaktitva kA Adarza tathA vyavahAra meM vibhAjana karanA alaga bAta hai. samyaktvI jIvana ko isa prakAra vibhAjita nahIM karatA. isIlie vaha sAdhanA kI caramasthiti taka pahu~ca kara zAzvata siddhi prApta kara sakatA hai. Atma-sAdhanA karane vAle RSi maharSi AcArya aura dharmaguru samyaktva kA yaha pATha cirakAla se samAja ko par3hA rahe haiM phira bhI samAja para isakA koI prabhAva parilakSita nahIM ho rahA hai. dharmaguru isa sAdhanA ke dvArA samAja ko parivartita karane kA prayatna karate rahe haiM aura udhara samAja meM zoSaNa, utpIDana, tRSNA aura vAsanAoM kA vahI daura cAlU hai. isake kAraNa kA yadi vizleSaNa kiyA jAya to pratyakSa ho jAyagA ki ina siddhAMtoM ko vyavahAra kI bhUmikA para utArane ke svalpa prayatna kiye gaye. janasAdhAraNa taka unhIM kI bhASA meM pahu~cAne kI ora dhyAna kendrita nahIM kiyA gayA. vyakti aura usake hitoM kI upekSA karake koI bhI Adarza athavA siddhAMta vyAvahArikatA kI paridhi meM apanA sthAna nahIM banA sakatA. usakI sImAoM meM praveza pAne ke lie vyAvahArikatA kA pariveza dhAraNa karanA hI hogA. yahA~ yaha ullekha bhI Avazyaka hai ki deza, kAla aura vAtAvaraNa kI ora dhyAna kendrita nahIM kiyA gayA hai. pratyeka yuga kI apanI mAnyatAe~ hotI haiM. usakI upekSA kara koI bhI siddhAMta apanA kSetra nahIM banA sakatA. ataH yuga ke mArga ko asvIkAra karanA ucita nahIM kahA jA sakatA. isa Aloka meM yadi Aja samyaktva kI ArAdhanA kI jAya to nizcita hI vizva samatA kI bhUmikA prApta kara sakegA. satya ananta hai. vyakti sAnta hai. parantu jaba vyakti, sImAoM ko, kSudratAoM ko pAra karake sasIma se asIma bana jAtA hai, taba usakA satya bhI ananta ho jAtA hai. anaMta meM hI anaMta guNoM kI abhivyakti hotI hai. "
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________________ DA0 Izvaracandra zarmA ema0 e0, pI-eca0 DI0 jainadharma ke naitika siddhAnta jaina darzana aitihAsika dRSTi se bauddha dharma kI apekSA adhika prAcIna hai. isameM koI sandeha nahIM ki yaha darzana ahiMsA ko jIvana kA parama lakSya aura mokSa kA anivArya sAdhana mAna kara calatA hai. isa prakAra bhAratIya darzanoM meM jainavAda ko prAcInatama ahiMsAvAdI darzana svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai. jainiyoM kI yaha dhAraNA hai ki unakA dharma tathA unakA darzana vaidika vicAradhArA se bhI adhika prAcIna hai. isameM koI sandeha nahIM ki varddhamAna mahAvIra jainadharma ke pravartaka nahIM the, apitu eka sudhAraka the. yaha satya hai ki mahAvIra se pUrva jaina tIrthakara pArzvanAtha eka aitihAsika vyakti the aura mahAvIra ke mAtA-pitA pArzvanAtha ke anuyAyI the. mahAvIra ne nissaMdeha jaina darzana ko eka vyavasthita rUpa diyA hai aura sAdhuoM tathA gRhastha anuyAyiyoM ke lie ahiMsA dharma para AdhArita aise naitika niyamoM kA pratipAdana kiyA hai, jo Aja taka jaina samAja dvArA Adarza svIkAra kie jAte haiM. jaina AcAramImAMsA atyanta kaThina aura kar3e naitika niyamoM ko pratipAdita karatI hai. isase pUrva ki hama jaina AcArazAstra kI vistRta vyAkhyA kareM, hamAre lie yaha batAnA Avazyaka hai ki jaina AcArazAstra kar3e anuzAsana para kyoM bala detA hai ? jainavAda meM kaThoratA kA kAraNa hameM yaha smaraNa rakhanA cAhie ki jainavAda nivRttimArga ko apanAtA hai aura usa pravRttimArga kA virodha karatA hai, jo vaidika dRSTikoNa ke anusAra kriyAtmaka sAmAjika jIvana ko vAMchanIya svIkAra karatA hai. jina prAcIna vaidika maMtroM kA Arya loga gAna karate the, devatAoM aura paramezvara ke prati sAMsArika jIvana kI saphalatA ke liye prArthanA mAtra the. kintu dhIre-dhIre vaidika vicArakoM ne yaha anubhava kiyA ki tyAga kI bhAvanA vinA ve mokSa prApta nahIM kara sakate. isake phalasvarUpa unhoMne cAra AzramoM kI prathA ko pracalita kiyA. ye cAra Azrama brahmacarya, gRhastha, vAnaprastha tathA saMnyAsa haiM. isI prakAra vaidika dharma ke anusAra artha, kAma, dharma tathA mokSa ina cAra puruSArthoM ko bhI svIkAra kiyA gayA hai. vaidika dRSTikoNa ke anusAra mokSa kI prApti kramika ho sakatI hai, yadyapi usa prApti ke liye saMnyAsa atyaMta Avazyaka hai. jIvana ke pahale tIna Azrama saMnyAsa kI usa antima avasthA kI taiyArI mAtra haiM, jisa para pahu~ca kara mokSa kI anubhUti ho sakatI hai. brahmacarya avasthA meM vyakti ke liye apane samaya aura zakti ko vidyA prApta karane meM lagAnA isaliye Avazyaka hai ki vaha gRhastha Azrama meM praviSTa hone ke liye yogyatA prApta karake artha tathA kAma ko anubhUta kara sake. paccIsa varSoM taka paryApta dhana upArjana karane ke pazcAt vAnaprastha Azrama meM paccIsa varSa dharmAcaraNa meM lagAnA Avazyaka hai. isa avasthA meM vyakti naitikatA kA upadeza karatA hai tathA usakA AcaraNa karatA hai aura sAmAjika kalyANa meM pravRtta ho jAtA hai. antima paccIsa varSa dhyAna tathA AtmAnubhUti ke liye isaliye niyata haiM ki vyakti saMnyAsa kI avasthA meM jIvanmukta ho jAya aura anta meM videha mukti ko prApta kare. vedavAda athavA brAhmaNavAda isa prakAra anAsakta tathA tyAga ke jIvana kI ora kramazaH agrasara hone meM vizvAsa rakhatA thA. jIvana kI yaha yojanA ni:saMdeha AkarSaka aura vyApaka thI. lekina usa samaya ke vicArakoM ne vizeSa kara jaina siddhAnta AAAA Jain Educati MAOLeDiary.org
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________________ -0----0-0------------ 260 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya ke samarthakoM ne yaha anubhUta kiyA ki isa yojanA kI saphalatA meM do mukhya bAdhAe~ thIM. prathama bAdhA yaha thI ki jaba vyakti eka bAra gRhasthajIvana meM praviSTa ho jAtA hai to usake liye viSayabhoga Adi kA tyAganA tathA kAma, krodha, moha evaM lobha se mukta honA atyaMta kaThina ho jAtA hai. tRSNA ananta hai aura usakI tRpti kadApi saMbhava nahIM hai. isa dRSTikoNa ko uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM nimna likhita zabdoM meM abhivyakta kiyA gayA hai"aura yadi koI vyakti eka manuSya ko sampUrNa pRthvI bhI de de, to bhI vaha usake liye kAphI na hogI. kisI bhI vyakti ko tRpta karanA atyaMta kaThina hai. tuma jitanA adhika prApta karoge, utanI hI adhika tumhArI AvazyakatA bar3hegI. tumhArI vAsanAe~ tumhAre sAdhanoM ke sAtha-sAtha bar3hatI calI jAyeMgI." dUsarI bAdhA yaha hai ki saMnyAsajIvana kI yaha Rmika yojanA, yaha mAnakara calatI hai ki jIvana kI kama se kama avadhi eka sau varSa hai. vAstava meM jIvana asthira hai aura kisI bhI kSaNa eka dhAge kI bhAMti TUTa sakatA hai. yadi eka bAra vyakti, apane AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke avasara se cUka jAya, to use punaH manuSya kA janma lene ke liye yugoM kI pratIkSA karanI par3a sakatI hai. vikhyAta jaina Agama uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM likhA hai"jisa prakAra vRkSa kA sUkhA pattA kisI bhI samaya gira jAtA hai, isI prakAra manuSya kA jIvana bhI samApta ho jAtA hai. he gautama ! tuma hara samaya sAvadhAna raho ! jisa prakAra kuzA ke tinake para laTakI huI osa kI bUMda kSaNa bhara ke liye hI astitva rakhatI hai, manuSya kA jIvana bhI vaisA hI asthira hai. gautama ! tuma hara samaya sAvadhAna raho !" vizva ke aneka vicArakoM ne jIvana kI anizcitatA se prabhAvita ho kara kriyAtmaka sAMsArika jIvana ko nirarthaka ghoSita kiyA hai. buddha ne duHkha tathA jIvana kI anizcitatA se prerita ho kara hI saMsAra ko tyAga diyA. vaha azoka mahAn , jisakA nAma vizva ke itihAsa meM prema aura zAnti kA pratIka mAnA jAtA hai, isI prakAra duHkha tathA jIvana kI anizcitatA se prabhAvita huA. vikhyAta pAzcAtya dArzanika kANTa kI udAtta naitikatA aura vizvavyApI zubha saMkalpa kI dhAraNA bhI mAnavIya duHkhoM ke anubhava se hI prerita thI. kANTa eka kar3e naitika anuzAsana meM vizvAsa karatA thA. yahI kAraNa hai ki jainavAda meM kaThora naitika anuzAsana para bala diyA gayA hai. isaliye mahAvIra ne sAdhuoM ke liye aise naitika niyama nirdhArita kiye, jo unheM pUrNatayA virakta banA deM. jainavAda ke naitika siddhAMta kI vyAkhyA karate hue hameM yaha smaraNa rakhanA cAhiye ki vizeSakara sAdhu athavA mumukSu ke liye satya, ahiMsA brahmacaryAdi mahAvratoM kA pAlana vizeSa mahattva rakhatA hai aura unakA anusaraNa karane ke liye vizeSa sAvadhAnI kI AvazyakatA hai. eka sAdhu athavA sAdhvI ke liye ahiMsA kA vrata svayaM dhAraNa karanA hI paryApta nahIM hai, apitu isa ke sAtha-sAtha usake liye svayaM hiMsA na karanA aura na hI kisI anya vyakti ke dvArA kisI prakAra kI hiMsA karavAnA anivArya hai. isI prakAra eka sAdhu ke liye svayaM asatya na bolanA hI paryApta nahIM hai, apitu hara prakAra ke asatya kA bahiSkAra karanA aura mana, vacana tathA kAyA se asatya kA sAdhana na bananA bhI Avazyaka hai. isI prakAra asteya athavA acaurya ke mahAvrata ko dhAraNa karane kA artha na svayaM corI karanA aura nahIM pratyakSa athavA parokSa rUpa meM corI kA samarthana karanA hai. brahmacarya kA mahAvrata eka sAdhu se yaha AzA rakhatA hai ki vaha hara prakAra ke kAmapravRtyAtmaka samparka se mukta ho aura aise karmoM kA sAdhana bhI na bane. jainavAda ke anusAra pAMcavAM mahAvrata aparigraha kA hai. isa ke anusAra sAdhu ke liye svayaM kisI bhI sampatti ko na rakhanA aura kisI anya vyakti dvArA saMcita saMpatti kA sAdhana na bananA bhI Avazyaka hai. ina pAMca mahAvratoM kA pAlana karanA pratyeka mumukSu ke liye Avazyaka hai. isa prakAra kA kar3A naitika anuzAsana isaliye pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai ki jainavAda mokSa ko carama lakSya mAnatA hai. isase pUrva ki hama jainavAda kI AcAramImAMsA kI vyAkhyA kareM, hamAre liye yaha Avazyaka hai ki hama tattvavAda tathA AcArazAstra ke abheda-sambandha para eka bAra dRSTi DAleM. Jain Edue. RPe CON HDary.org
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________________ DA. Izvaracandra : jainadharma ke naitika siddhAnta : 261 isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki jainavAda eka naitika tattvAtmaka (Ethico-Metaphysical) siddhAMta hai. yaha bAta sadaiva smaraNa rakhanI cAhiye ki tattvavijJAna ke vinA AcArazAstra na kevala avyAvahArika hai, apitu asaMgata aura asaMbhava bhI hai. eka vAstavika naitika manuSya vahI hai jo dArzanika bhI hai aura eka yathArtha dArzanika vaha nahIM hai jo kevala satya kA jJAna rakhatA ho, apitu vaha hai jo dArzanika siddhAntoM ko apane vyAvahArika jIvana para lAgU karatA ho. isI dRSTikoNa ko puSTa karate huye vila DyUreMTa (Will Durant) ne eka dArzanika kA dRSTikoNa prastuta karate huye likhA hai--"To be a philosopher .. ...is not merely to have subtle thought, nor even to found a school, but so to love wisdom as to live according to its dictates, a life of simplicity, independance magnanimity and trust". arthAt dArzanika hone kA artha kevala sUkSma vicAra rakhanA nahIM hai aura na hI koI siddhAnta pratipAdana karanA mAtra hai, apitu usakA arthajJAna se usa prakAra prema rakhanA hai ki usake Adeza ke anusAra saralatA, svataMtratA, sammAna tathA satyaparAyaNatA kA jIvana vyatIta kiyA jAya. yadi hama pAzcAtya darzana ke itihAsa para dRSTi DAleM, to isa niSkarSa para pahu~ceMge ki darzana kA pratyeka udAtta siddhAnta, spAinojA ke siddhAnta kI bhAMti tattvavAda se Arambha hotA hai aura AcArazAstra meM samApta hotA hai. jahA~ taka bhAratIya darzana ke siddhAntoM kA saMbaMdha hai, hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki nAstika tathA Astika siddhAnta, samAna naitika dRSTikoNa rakhate huye bhI eka-dUsare se isaliye vibhinna haiM ki unakI tattvAtmaka mAnyatAyeM samAna nahIM haiM. cArvAka jaise nAstika siddhAnta bhI apanI sukhavAdI AcAramImAMsA ko una tattvAtmaka dhAraNAoM para AdhArita karatA hai. jo pUrNatayA bhautika haiM. yaha eka kheda kI bAta hai ki bhAratIya darzana meM yaha pramANita karane ke liye paryApta sAmagrI upalabdha nahIM ki cArvAka darzana eka pUrNa vikasita siddhAnta thA. tathApi hama cArvAkajJAnamImAMsA, tatvamImAMsA tathA AcAramImAMsA ke viSaya meM, bhAratIya darzana ke anya granthoM meM ullekha prApta karate haiM. anya sabhI granthoM ne to cArvAka dhAraNAoM kA virodha karane ke liye hI cArvAka darzana kA prakaraNa diyA hai aura isaliye bhAratIya darzana ke isa bhautika siddhAnta ke prati jo sAmagrI upalabdha hai vaha cArvAka jJAnamImAMsA tattvamImAMsA tathA AcAramImAMsA ko niSedhAtmaka siddhAnta hI pramANita karatI hai. hameM yaha smaraNa rakhanA cAhiye ki anya sabhI bhAratIya dArzanika siddhAntoM kI bhA~ti cArvAkasiddhAnta bhI yaha mAnakara calatA hai ki AdhArabhUta sattAkA yathArtha jJAna hI hamAre jIvanakA mArgadarzana kara sakatA hai. kyoMki hama yathArtha jJAna ko kevala pratyakSa dvArA hI prApta kara sakate haiM, isalie cArvAkadarzana ke anusAra koI bhI aisI vastu vAstavika nahIM hai jisakA ki hama pratyakSa anubhava nahIM kara sakate haiM. parantu isakA abhiprAya yaha nahIM ki cArvAka dArzanikoM ne AdhArabhUta sattA ko asvIkAra kiyA hai, yadyapi unakA uddezya anya siddhAntoM dvArA svIkRta Izvara, AtmA tathA amaratva kI dhAraNAoM kA virodha karanA thA. cArvAkadarzana niHsandeha bhautika dravya ko sattA mAnakara calatA hai, yadyapi yaha bhautika dravya vAyu, agni, jala aura pRthvI taka hI sImita mAnA gayA hai. kyoMki cArvAkadarzana ke anusAra bhautika dravya hI vAstavika hai, isaliye hama adhika-se-adhika sukha kevala bhautika viSayoM se hI prApta kara sakate haiM. isa prakAra cArvAkadarzana kA mokSa ke prati niSedhAtmaka dRSTikoNa bhI vizeSa mahattva rakhatA hai aura yaha pramANita karatA hai ki cArvAkadarzana ke anusAra AcArazAstra tattvamImAMsA para nirbhara hai. anya siddhAntoM ne cArvAka-AcArazAstra ko apramANita karane ke liye usakI tattvAtmaka dhAraNAoM para hI AkSepa kiyA hai aura aisA karake hI cArvAka-AcArazAstra ko nirAdhAra batAne kI ceSTA kI hai. bhAratIya svabhAva se tatvavAdI haiM. isa AdhyAtmika RSibhUmi meM koI bhI aisA darzana nahIM panapa sakatA jo tattvAtmaka na ho athavA jisakA tattvAtmaka AdhAra nirbala ho ; kyoMki darzana zabda kA artha AdhArabhUta sattA kA pratyakSIkaraNa hai. yahI kAraNa hai ki bhAratIya darzana ke itihAsa meM aneka mahattvapUrNa dArzanika siddhAntoM kA utthAna-patana huA hai. yahI tathya bhAratIya saMskRti ke itihAsa ke usa virodhAbhAsa kI vyAkhyA karatA hai jisake anusAra udAtta naitika buddhadharma, vizvapriya hotA huA bhI apanI janmabhUmi se YOTIC 155 eyayana PRODILLIA A DRDO 60edo Tal o n Intem WAlibrary.org
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________________ 262 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-prantha : dvitIya adhyAya -0-0-0--0-0-0-0--0-0-. ukhAr3a diyA gayA. mahAtmA buddha kI udAtta AcAramImAMsA, unakA avidha saralatama naitika vidhAna ahiMsA kI AdhyAtmika dhAraNA para AdhArita hotA huA bhI bhAratIya janatA dvArA isaliye svIkAra na kiyA gayA ki usameM tattvAtmaka preraNA na thI. hamAre deza meM kevala ve hI siddhAnta sthira raha sakate haiM jinakI tattvAtmaka pRSThabhUmi atyanta dRr3ha hai. bhAratIya darzana ke siddhAnta aura vyavahAra kA itihAsa yaha pramANita karatA hai ki tattva-vijJAna ke vinA AcArazAstra andhA hai aura AcArazAstra ke vinA tattva-vijJAna zUnya hai. jainavAda kI sabhI dhAraNAeM AcAra sambandhI tathA pUjA sambandhI matabheda rakhate hue bhI isa bAta meM sahamata haiM ki AdhArabhUta satyoM kA yathArtha jJAna mokSa kI prApti ke liye nitAnta Avazyaka hai. uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke anusAra-'vahI vyakti sat kA AcaraNa karane vAlA hai jo AdhArabhUta satya jJAna meM vizvAsa rakhatA hai'. jainavAda ke anusAra jIva ke bandhana kA eka mAtra kAraNa mithyAtva athavA AdhArabhUta satyoM ke prati mithyAjJAna hai. yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina AcArazAstra kA yathArtha jJAna prApta karane ke liye jaina tattvamImAMsA para prakAza DAlanA nitAnta Avazyaka hai. varddhamAna mahAvIra ne jina nava tattvoM ko pratipAdita kiyA hai ve Ajataka jaina siddhAnta kI AdhArazilA haiM. ye navatattva nimnalikhita haiM(1) jIva (2) ajIva (3) puNya (4) pApa (5) Asrava (6) bandha (7) saMvara (8) nirjarA (6) mokSa. ina tattvoM kI vyAkhyA jainavAda meM isaliye kI jAtI hai ki hama yaha jAna sakeM ki jIva kisa prakAra saMsAracakra meM phaMsatA hai aura use kina vidhiyoM dvArA mukta kiyA jA sakatA hai. yahA~ para yaha batA denA Avazyaka hai ki vAstava meM jainavAda ke anusAra jIva tathA ajIva do mukhya tattva haiM aura anya sabhI tattva ina donoM ke vibhinna stara haiM. dUsare zabdoM meM jIva tathA ajIva do AdhArabhUta sattAeM haiM, puNya pApa Adi unakI upAdhiyAM haiM. jIva-jIva ko caitanya mAnA gayA hai aura jJAna tathA darzana usake do mukhya lakSaNa batAe gae haiM. jIva meM pAMca prakAra ke jJAna haiM, jinheM mati, zruta, avadhi, manaHparyAya aura kevala jJAna kahA gayA hai. darzana cAra prakAra ke haiM-cakSu, acakSu, avadhi tathA kevala. kintu karma rUpa paudgalika dravya ke sAtha sambaddha rahane ke kAraNa jIva kA vAstavika jJAna tathA vAstavika darzana AcchAdita rahatA hai. isaliye jIvanamukti prApta karane ke liye karma-pudgala kA sambandha haTA denA Avazyaka hai. jIva kA carama lakSya kevalajJAna tathA kevaladarzana evaM sarvajJatA prApta karanA hai. yaha tabhI sambhava ho sakatA hai, jaba jIva pUrNatayA una karmoM se pRthak ho jAya, jinameM vaha AsravoM ke dvArA lipta hai. pratyeka avasthA meM jIva bandha meM hotA hai. jIva kI ye avasthAe pRthvIkAya (pRthvI sambandhI jIva) apkAya (jala saMbaMdhI jIva) vanaspatikAya (vanaspati sambandhI jIva) pazu, manuSya, devatA tathA daityAdi haiM. ye sabhI jIva karmabandhana meM hote haiM. kevala mukta jIva hI karmapudgalarahita hotA hai. ajIva-janadarzana ke anusAra dharma adharma. pudgala, AkAza tathA kAla pA~ca aise dravya haiM jinheM ajIva kahA gayA hai. dharma tathA adharma jaina paribhASA ke anusAra vizeSa artha rakhate haiM. yahAM para dharma kA artha sadguNa athavA dhArmika vizvAsa na hokara gati kA AdhArabhUta niyama hai. dharma vaha dravya hai, jo eka vizeSa rUpa se gati ko sahAyatA detA hai. vaha sUkSma-sesUkSma dravya hai aura sUkSma-se-sUkSma gati ko saMbhava banAtA hai. isI prakAra adharma vaha dravya hai, jo vizeSa rUpa se vastuoM kI sthiti meM sahAyaka hotA hai. dUsare zabdoM meM dharma kA lakSaNa gati hai aura adharma kA lakSaNa sthiti hai. pudgala nissaMdeha vizuddha bhautika dravya kA nAma hai. isameM rasa, rUpa, gandha Adi ke guNa upasthita rahate haiM. isakA vizleSaNa tathA sammizraNa ho sakatA hai. yaha ANavika hai aura isakA AdhAra hotA hai, isaliye pudgala ko rUpI kahA gayA hai. isakA sUkSma-sesUkSma rUpa aNu hai aura sthUla-se-sthUla rUpa samasta bhautika vizva rUpa hai. jainadarzana ke anusAra lambAI, caur3AI, sUkSmatA, sthUlatA, halkApana aura bhArIpana, bandha, pArthakya, AkAra, prakAza tathA andhakAra aura dhUpa evaM chAyA sabhI paudgalika tattva haiM. jIva ke bandha kA artha karmapudgala se prabhAvita honA hai aura nirjarA kA artha pudgala kA kSaya hai. pudgala ke isa rUpa kI vyAkhyA karanA isaliye Avazyaka hai ki jaina AcArazAstra kA mukhya uddezya karmapudgala kA anta karanA hai. saMnyAsa ke niyamoM kA kaThoratA se pAlana karane evaM samyakjJAna, samyakdarzana tathA samyakcaritra ke anusaraNa karane kA Jain Education memona A
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________________ DA0 Izvaracandra : jainadharma ke naitika siddhAnta : 263 dekhanA uddezya karmapudgala se nivRtti prApta karanA hai. zrAkAza ko bhI jainadarzana meM sarvavyApI dravya svIkAra kiyA gayA hai. AkAza ke do bhAga haiM, lokAkAza tathA alokAkAza. lokAkAza, AkAza kA vaha bhAga hai jisameM dharma, adharma, pudgala jIva tathA kAla sthita hote haiM. alokAkAza vaha (zUnya) dravya hai, jo lokAkAza se pare hai aura jisameM uparokta pAMcoM dravya nahIM haiM. alokAkAza meM dharma, adharma na hone ke kAraNa kisI prakAra kI gati yA sthiti nahIM hotI hai. jainadarzana meM kAla bhI aisA dravya svIkAra kiyA gayA hai, jo pudgala tathA jIva ke parivartana kA AdhAra hai. hameM yaha hai ki AkAza ke loka bhAga meM dharma adharma pudgala tathA jIva hote haiM. pudgala aura jIva gati aura sthiti se prabhAvita hote haiM. pudgala jIva ko bandha meM DAla detA hai aura jIva apane Apako pudgala se mukta karake nirjarA evaM jIvanamukti prApta karane kI ceSTA karatA hai. kintu isa prakAra pudgala se nivRtta hone kI prakriyA meM, jIva aneka parivartanoM se gujaratA hai. pudgala meM bhI sUkSmase sthUla banane meM parivartana hote haiM. pudgala tathA jIva kA yaha parivartana, jo ki ina donoM ke vikAsa kA kAraNa hai, kAla tattva para AdhArita hai. puNya- - puNya kA artha zubha kArya mAnA jAtA hai. jainadarzana meM bhI puNya kI yahI paribhASA svIkAra kI jAtI hai. kintu puNya ke do aMga haiM. kriyAtmaka dRSTi se to puNya eka zubha karma hai, jo jIva dvArA kiyA jAtA hai. yadi zubhakarma kA artha vaha karma-pudgala ho jo jIva dvArA saMcita kiyA jAtA hai aura jisakA AgAmI kAla meM bhoga kiyA jAtA hai, to hama puNya ke paudgalika aMga kI ora saMketa kara rahe hote haiM. vAstava meM puNya eka pravRtti bhI hai aura saMskAra bhI yahAM para pravRtti kA artha kriyAzIlatA aura saMskAra kA artha karmapudgala hai. jo kriyAe~ zubha saMskAroM ko saMcita karane meM sahAyatA detI haiM ne puSpa kahalAtI hai. jainadarzana ke anusAra nau prakAra ke puNya svIkAra kiye gaye haiM- (1) annapuSya (2) pAnapuSya (3) varavapuSya (4) layanapuNya (5) vanapuSya (6) manapuSya (7) zarIrayudhya (8) vacana puNya (1) namaskArapuNya. annapuNya kA artha kisI aise bhUkhe yA daridra yA akiMcana tapasvI ko bhojana denA hai jo usakA pAtra hai. isI prakAra pAnapuNya kA artha kisI pyAle vyakti kI pyAsa ko bujhAnA hai. vastrapuNya kA artha una logoM ko vastra dAna denA jinheM zarIra ko DhaMkane ke liye AvazyakatA hai. jainadarzana ke anusAra yadyapi anna, jala aura vastra kA dAna kisI bhI supAtra vyakti ko diyA jA sakatA hai, tathApi ye tInoM saMyamazIla mahAvratI sAdhuoM ke prati kiye jAyaM to unakA mahattva aura bhI adhika ho jAtA hai. layana tathA zayana puNyoM kA artha Thaharane kA sthAna tathA zayana ke liye paTTA Adi denA hai. manapuNya zarIra puNya tathA vacana puNya kA artha zarIra mana aura vANI kA isa prakAra prayoga karanA hai ki vyakti hara prakAra kI hiMsA se bace aura dUsaroM ko dharma tathA naitikatA kI ora AkarSita kare. namaskArapuNya kA artha guNI janoM ko zraddhApUrvaka namaskAra karanA hai. pApa - jainadRSTikoNa ke anusAra pApa kA artha rAga dveSa Adi bhAvoM se prabhAvita hokara nikRSTa karma karanA hai. yaha vAstava meM manuSya kI nIca pravRttiyoM kA usakI zubha pravRttiyoM ke viruddha Andolana hai. jainadarzana ke anusAra nimnalikhita aThAraha pApa mAne gaye haiM- (1) prANavadha athavA jIvahiMsA jisakA artha kisI bhI jIvadhArI ko athavA usakI jIvanazakti ko kSati pahuMcAnA hai. (2) asatya athavA mRSAvAda arthAt asatya bolanA. (3) adattAdAna pApa athavA pratyakSa yA parokSa rUpa se corI karanA. ( 4 ) abrahmacarya pApa jisakA artha mana athavA zarIra dvArA kAmavRtti kI tRpti karanA hai, (5) parigraha pApa, jisakA artha apanI sampatti meM Asakti hai. (6) krodhapApa (7) mAna pApa arthAt ahaMkAra. (8) mAyA pApa athavA chala-kapaTa ( 6 ) lobhapApa athavA lAlaca karanA (10) rAgapApa athavA Asakti (11) dveSapApa, jisakA artha kisI bhI jIva ke prati ghRNA rakhanA hai. (12) kleza pApa athavA kalaha. (13) abhyAkhyAna pApa, jisakA artha kisI vyakti kA apamAna karane ke liye apavAda phailAnA hai. (14) paizUnya pApa, jisakA artha cugalakhorI hai. (15) para-parivAda pApa, jisakA artha dUsaroM kI nindA athavA unake doSoM para bala denA hai. (16) rati-arati pApa, jisakA artha saMyama meM aruci aura viSayabhoga Adi meM ruci hai. (17) mAyAmRSA pApa, jisakA artha aucitya aura sadguNa ke AvaraNa meM anucita tathA dUSita karma karanA hai. (18) mithyAdarzanazalya pApa jisakA artha asat ko sat svIkAra karanA hai. Jain Educator hammerbaik
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________________ 264 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya bandha-bandha kA artha jIva kA usI prakAra karmapudgala se mizrita honA hai, jisa prakAra dUdha meM pAnI kA mizraNa honA. jIva kA karmapudgala se sambaddha honA anAdi mAnA gayA hai. kintu aisA hote hue bhI yaha bandha ananta nahIM hai. vyakti isa bandha ko tor3a sakatA hai aura nirjarA prApta kara sakatA hai. uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM kahA gayA hai-"caritrasampanna hone ke kAraNa sAdhu meruparvata kI bhA~ti sthAyitva prApta kara letA hai aura karma ke una aMzoM ko naSTa kara detA hai, jo kevalI meM bhI upasthita hote haiM. usake pazcAt vaha pUrNatva, jJAna, mukti tathA parama nirjarA ko prApta karatA hai aura sabhI dukhoM kA anta kara detA hai." yahI avasthA bandha se mukta hone kI avasthA hai. bandha cAra prakAra ke mAne gae haiM-(1) prakRti bandha (2) sthitibandha (3) anubhAgavandha (4) pradezabandha. bandha ke ye vibhinna varga vAstava meM karmapudgala tathA jIva ke paraspara saMyukta hone ke vibhinna stara haiM. prakRtibandha kA artha hai baMdhanevAle karma kA svabhAva; udAharaNa-jJAnAvaraNIya karma kI prakRti jJAna ko AcchAdita karane kI hai. isI prakAra darzanAvaraNIya karma kI prakRti darzana (sAmAnyajJAna) ko AcchAdita karane kI hai. sthitibandha karmapudgala tathA sAyujya (Unity) ko batalAtA hai. anubhAgabandha karma ke phala kI tIvratA aura mandatA ko nirdiSTa karatA hai. pradezabandha karmapudgala tathA jIva ke sAyujya ke aise prakAra ko batalAtA hai jo dUdha-pAnI ke mizraNa kI bhA~ti ho sakatA hai. zrAsrava-Asrava jIva kA vaha vaibhAvika guNa hai, jo karma ko AkarSita karatA hai. ise AtmA kA vaha vikAra evaM bhAva kahA gayA hai jo zubha tathA azubha karmapudgala tathA jIva ko apanI ora AkarSita karatA hai aura jo use jIva meM vilIna kara detA hai. Asrava karma kI jIva meM Agati athavA andara kI aura pravAha hai. Asrava kI paribhASA dete hue zrIpUrNacaMda nAhara ne likhA hai-Asrava is the influx of the Karma particles into the Soul, or it may be said as the acquirement by the soul of the fine Karma matter from without" arthAt Asrava karmapudgala kA jIva meM pravAha hai athavA use jIva ke dvArA bAhara se sUkSma karmapudgala ko grahaNa karane kI kSamatA kahA jA sakatA hai. Asrava ko prAyaH do vargoM meM vibhakta kiyA jAtA hai. (1) bhAvaAsrava athavA antarAtmaka pravAha. (2) dravyaAsrava athavA viSayAtmaka pravAha.. bhAva-Asrava kA pravAha vaha mAnasika avasthA athavA parivartana hai, jo jIva ko isa prakAra AkarSaka banA detA hai mAnoM vaha cumbaka kI bhA~ti karmapudgala ko grahaNa karane kI kSamatA prApta kara letA hai. dravya-Asrava kA artha vaha karmapudgala hai, jo jIva ke dvArA AkarSita kiyA jAtA hai aura saMcita kiyA jAtA hai. AsravoM kI eka aura prakAra kI vyAkhyA bhI kI gaI hai. isa dRSTi se unakI eka jalAzaya kI una moriyoM se tulanA kI gaI hai jinake dvArA jala andara kI ora pravAhita hotA hai. isa dRSTi se nimnalikhita pA~ca prakAra ke Asrava mAne gae haiM(1) mithyAtva (2) avirati (3) pramAda (4) kaSAya (5) yoga. mithyAtva kA artha AdhArabhUta sattA ke prati viparIta dhAraNA evaM mithyA dhAraNA rakhanA hai. avirati kA artha tyAga ke viparIta jhukAva hai. pramAda kA artha sat karma ke prati Alasya hai. kaSAya kA artha rAga-dveSa kA utpanna honA tathA prabhAvazAlI honA hai aura yoga kA artha zarIra, mana tathA vacana kI kriyA hai. yoga ko bhI do anya vargoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai, jinheM zubha yoga tathA azubha yoga kahA gayA hai. zubha yoga puNyabandha ko utpanna karatA hai aura azubha yoga pApabandha ko. zubha yoga, jo zubha puNya kA saMcaya karane vAlA hai aura karmapudgala ke bandha kA kAraNa hai, jIva ko nirjarA kI ora avazya le jAtA hai. yoM to jaina darzana meM AsravoM kI bahuta bar3I sUciyAM dI gaI haiM kintu anya saba AsravoM ko Upara diye gaye pA~ca AsravoM ke antargata kiyA jA sakatA hai. saMvara-Asrava ko bandha kA kAraNa mAnA gayA hai. jainadarzana kA mukhya uddezya bandha se pUrNatayA mukta hokara mokSa kI prApti hai, isaliye jainavAda kI dRSTi se sabase adhika mahattvapUrNa tattva vaha hai jo karma ko pUrNa rUpa se naSTa kara detA hai. isI mahattvapUrNa tattva ko jainavAda meM saMvara kahA gayA hai. kyoMki Asrava jIva ke vAstavika rUpa evaM usakI svataMtra tathA nihita divya sattA ko AcchAdita karatA hai, isaliye saMvara vaha tattva hai jo Asrava kA virodhI hai aura jIva kI vAstavika R - RAMRA P a waim MILIMIMPLOMATLinvest inAgAta Jain Education Intemational
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________________ DA. Izvaracandra : jainadharma ke naitika siddhAnta : 265 sattA kI sthApanA karatA hai. saMvara ke dvArA Asrava rUpI karmapudgala ke pravAha ko roka diyA jAtA hai. saMvara kA artha jIvana ke una niyamoM kA apanAnA tathA tapazcaryA karanA hai, jo jIva ko AsravoM se mukta kare aura navIna karma-bandhana kA aMta kara de. nimnalikhita pAMca mukhya saMvara ullekhanIya haiM-(1) samyaktva athavA AdhArabhUta sattA meM dRr3ha vizvAsa (2) virati athavA anAsakti (3) apramAda athavA sAvadhAnI (4) akaSAya athavA krodhAdi vikAroM se nivRtti (5) ayoga athavA zarIra, mana aura vANI kI kriyAoM se mukti. mmmmmmmmmm ye paMcavidha saMvara jIva kA antarAtmaka parivartana kara dete haiM. jaina zAstroM meM ina saMvaroM kI bhI vistRta sUciyAM dI gaI haiM aura 57 saMvara saMbaMdhI niyama nirdhArita kiye gaye haiM. 57 niyama nimnalikhita rUpa meM saMkSepa meM batAe jA sakate haiM. (ka) pAMca samitiyAM (kha) tIna guptiyAM (ga) dasa yatidharma (gha) bAraha bhAvanAeM (Ga) bAIsa parISaha aura (ca) pAMca cAritra. ina 57 niyamoM kI vyAkhyA kA hamAre viSaya se vizeSa saMbaMdha nahIM hai, kyoMki ye sabhI saMvara vizeSatayA sAdhuoM ke vyavahAra se sambandha rakhate haiM. yahAM para itanA kaha denA paryApta hai ki ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha ina pAMca mahAvratoM kA anusaraNa karane se aura inheM kisI bhI prakAra bhaMga na hone dene se jIva karma ke prabhAva se mukta ho jAtA hai, aura jaba usake karmoM kA kSaya ho jAtA hai, to use mukta avasthA kI prApti hotI hai. nirjarA-nirjarAkA artha jIva kI vaha avasthA hai jisameM karmapudgala kA AMzika kSaya ho jAtA hai. nirjarA ko spaSTa karane ke liye nimnalikhita tIna udAharaNa upayogI siddha hote haiM-(1)[jisa prakAra jalAzaya kA gandA pAnI moriyoM ke dvArA bAhara nikAla diyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra jaba karma rUpI pAnI AdhyAtmika zAsana ke dvArA bAhara nikAla diyA jAtA hai, to vyakti nirjarA prApta karatA hai. (2) jisa prakAra ghara se jhADU ke dvArA kUr3A-karkaTa bAhara nikAla diyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra jaba karma rUpI pAnI AdhyAtmika anuzAsana ke dvArA bAhara nikAla diyA jAtA hai, to vyakti nirjarA prApta karatA hai. (3) jisa prakAra nAva meM ekatrita jala ko hAthoM se bAhara pheMka diyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra AtmA meM saMcita karma ko bAhara nikAla denA nirjarA hai. mokSa-mokSa niHsaMdeha jIva kI karmapudgala se pUrNa rUpa se nivRtti hai. hama ne yaha pahale hI batalAyA hai ki cAra prakAra ke bandhoM ke dvArA jIva karmapudgala se jur3A rahatA hai. yadyapi hamane bandha kI vyAkhyA Upara kI hai, tathApi mokSa kI dhAraNA ko udAharaNoM dvArA adhika spaSTa karane ke liye bandha ke nimnalikhita tIna udAharaNa denA Avazyaka hai. (1) jisa prakAra dUdha aura makkhana eka dUsare meM otaprota hote haiM usI prakAra jIva aura karma bandha dvArA eka dUsare meM vilIna hote haiM. (2) jisa prakAra dhAtu aura miTTI eka dUsare meM vilIna hote haiM, usI prakAra AtmA aura karma bandha dvArA eka dUsare meM jur3e hote haiM. (3) jisa prakAra tila aura tela eka dUsare meM otaprota hote haiM usI prakAra bandha dvArA jIva aura karma eka dUsare meM samAviSTa hote haiM. kyoMki mokSa kI avasthA hara prakAra ke karma se jIva kI pUrNa nivRtti hai, isalie nimnalikhita udAharaNoM dvArA mokSa kI ucita vyavasthA kI jA sakatI hai--(1) jisa prakAra tela ko kolhU ke dvArA tila se nikAla liyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra jaba AtmasaMyama aura tapazcaryA ke dvArA jIva ko karma se pRthak kara diyA jAtA hai, manuSya mokSa ko prApta karatA hai. (2) jisa prakAra makkhana ko vilone ke dvArA chAcha se pRthak kara diyA jAtA hai usI prakAra jaba jIva ko tapazcaryA aura AtmasaMyama dvArA karma se pRthak kara diyA jAtA hai, to mokSa prApta karatA hai. KIAN OOD ...00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .... .... .. .. ... . .. . ... .. .... .. . teresse ... wwwyainelibrary.org
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________________ 266 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya -0--0-0--0--0-0--0--0-0-0 jaina AcArazAstra meM saMnyAsavAda jaina AcArazAstra kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki vaha atyanta kaThora hai, kyoMki usakA parama uddezya mokSa hai, jisakA artha ananta sukha, ananta jJAna, ananta darzana tathA ananta zakti hai. isa asAdhAraNa avasthA kI prApti svArtha kA pUrNatayA tyAga kiye vinA kadApi nahIM ho sakatI. jainadRSTi se kevala saMnyAsI hI ina kaThora naitika niyamoM kA anusaraNa kara sakatA hai, kyoMki vaha sabhI sAMsArika bandhanoM ko tyAga detA hai. vAstava meM bhAratIya darzana meM prAyaH sabhI siddhAntoM dvArA saMnyAsa kI bhAvanA ko ananta avasthA prApta karane kA sAdhana mAnA gayA hai. AtmAnubhUti ke liye sabhI sAMsArika vastuoM kA tyAga karanA Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai. isa prakAra ke ucca saMnyAsavAda kI ora pravRtti AtmA kI ananta banane kI prabala icchA se hI prerita hotI hai. yaha saMnyAsavAda AtmAko vizAla banAtA hai, vyakti ko usakI svArtha kI bhAvanAoM se mukta karatA hai aura eka aise jIvana kA nirmANa karatA hai, jisameM mAnavamAtra ke liye prema tathA sahAnubhUti kI bhAvanA kI pradhAnatA hotI hai. saMnyAsavAda kA artha sevA tathA AtmatyAga hai. sevA tathA AtmatyAga kA anusaraNa kAyara tathA nirbala vyakti nahIM kara sakatA, apitu isa mArga para vIra aura sAhasI AtmA hI cala sakatI hai. eka sAmAnya vyakti ko bhale hI saMnyAsa kA jIvana apUrNa pratIta hotA ho kintu yaha tathAkathita apUrNa jIvana vAstava meM pUrNa jIvana hai. isI dRSTi ko lAojU jaise cInI dArzanikoM ne bhI apanAyA hai. lAojU ke anusAra "sarala jIvana aisA niSkapaTa jIvana hai, jisameM lAbha ko eka ora pheMka diyA jAtA hai, cAturya kA tyAga kiyA jAtA hai, svArtha tathA icchAoM kA balidAna kara diyA jAtA hai. yaha pUrNatA ko aisA niyama hai jo apUrNa pratIta hotA hai, aisI sampannatA hai jo rikta dikhAI detI hai, aisA pUrNa sIdhA mArga hai jo Ter3hA dikhatA hai aisI dakSatA hai jo asundara dikhAI detI hai, aura aisI vAkpaTutA hai jo mauna dikhAI detI hai. yaha aisA jIvana hai jo talavAra kI dhAra kI bhAMti tIkhA hai. kintu jo cubhatA nahIM hai. yaha eka rekhA kI bhAMti sIdhA hai kintu prasArita nahIM hai. prakAza kI bhAMti camakadAra hai parantu AMkhoM ko cudhiyAtA nahIM hai. yaha vastuoM ke utpAdana tathA unake poSaNa kA vaha jIvana hai, jisameM una vastuoM ko apanA nahIM banAyA jAtA hai. yaha karma meM pravRtta hone kI vidhi hai jisameM svAbhimAna nahIM rahatA hai. yaha eka aisA sAmrAjya hai, jisameM prabhutva nahIM jamAyA jAtA." saMnyAsa-jIvana kA yaha vicitra lakSaNa, jo ki eka virodhAbhAsa ko prakaTa karatA hai, aisI jaTilatA utpanna karatA hai, jisako sulajhAnA sAmAnya vyakti kA kAma nahIM hai. isa jIvana ke marma ko samajhane ke lie aise jIvana kA gambhIra adhyayana karanA cAhie. hameM yaha nahIM bhUlanA cAhie ki saMnyAsI ke jIvana kA uddezya mAnavamAtra kA utthAna tathA usakA Adarza eka sampUrNa jIvana kI prApti hone ke kAraNa nirAzAvAda ko vaha prazraya nahIM de sakatA. isameM sandeha nahIM ki saMnyAsI jIvana ke tathAkathita sukhoM ko ghRNA kI dRSTi se dekhatA hai kintu usakA uddezya parama sukha hotA hai. vaha apane vAtAvaraNa ke prati asantuSTa yA kama se kama taTastha dikhAI detA hai, tathApi usakA mukhya uddezya parama sattA kI anubhUti hotA hai. bhAratIya darzana ko samajhane ke liye hameM buddha dvArA prastuta cAra AryasatyoM ko nahIM bhUlanA cAhie jo nimnalikhita haiM:(1) vizva meM dukha hai (2) usa dukha kA kAraNa hai (3) usa dukha kA anta hotA hai tathA (4) isa uddezya kI prApti kA upAya hai. isase yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki bhAratIya darzana saMnyAsavAda ko nirAzAvAda ke rUpa meM grahaNa nahIM karatA, apitu use mokSa kA sAdhana mAtra hI mAnatA hai. jainavAda ko zramaNavAda isalie kahA jAtA hai ki isake anusAra kevala saMnyAsI athavA sAdhu hI ahiMsA kA nirapekSa anusaraNa karake mokSa prApta kara sakatA hai. yadyapi isameM gRhasthiyoM ke lie bhI naitika niyamoM kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai, tathApi jaina AcArazAstra pradhAnatayA saMnyAsavAdI AcAra zAstra hai. gRhastha zrAvakoM ke liye jisa prakAra ke AcAra ko pratipAdita kiyA jAtA hai, use aNuvrata kahate haiM. kintu jo AcAra sAdhuoM ke liye pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai, use mahAvrata kahA jAtA hai. mahAvratoM tathA aguvratoM kI vyAkhyA karane se pUrva yaha batAnA Avazyaka hai ki jaina AcArazAstra M=109 Jain ES sainalibrary.org
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________________ DA0 Izvaracandra : jainadharma ke naitika siddhAnta : 267 ---0-0--0--0-0-0--0-0-0 mokSa ko hI eka mAtra puruSArtha mAnatA hai aura mokSa kI yaha tattvAtmaka dhAraNA hI use pAzcAtya AcArazAstra ke siddhAntoM kI apekSA utkRSTa pramANita karatI hai. jainavAda ke anusAra mokSa kI dhAraNA eka aisA amUrta Adarza nahIM hai, jo ki manuSyoM ko kevala icchAoM kA anta karane kI AjJA de, aura na hI vaha pazcimI sukhavAda kI bhA~ti icchAoM kI nirakuMza tRpti ko vAMchanIya svIkAra karatA hai. jaba mokSa kI prApti hotI hai to vyakti ananta jJAna, ananta sukha, ananta darzana aura ananta vIrya prApta karane ke kAraNa pUrNatva kA anubhava karatA hai aura usakI icchAeM svataH hI samApta ho jAtI haiM. isa prakAra zAzvata aura vyApaka AtmAnubhUti meM kAnTa dvArA prastuta tatmika AkAra tathA pazcimI sukhavAda dvArA pratipAdita sukha kI bhautika sAmagrI donoM sammilita hote hai. mokSa niHsandeha eka tatmika evaM pratyayAtmaka dhAraNA hai aura sAdhAraNa dRSTi se bhautika nahIM kahA jA sakatA, kintu isake sAtha hI sAtha mokSa kI anubhUti, jisakA artha AtmAnubhUti hai, naitikatA ko vizvavyApI AtmA se sambandhita karatI hai aura isa vyApaka AtmAnubhUti meM tarka tathA sukha donoM kA samanvaya ho jAtA hai. yaha satya hai ki eka pUrNa naitika siddhAMta ke liye eka aisI tattvAtmaka dhAraNA kI AvazyakatA hai, jo Adarza hote hue bhI vAstava meM anubhUta kiyA jA sake aura jo vyApaka hote hue bhI antarAtmaka ho. yadyapi kAnTa ne sadguNa ke Antarika aMga para bala diyA hai, tathApi usane eka bAharI Izvara kI mAnyatA ko apane naitika siddhAMta ko pUrNa banAne ke liye hI svIkAra kiyA hai. kAnTa eka vyApaka dRSTikoNa ko hI Adarza dRSTikoNa mAnatA hai aura kahatA hai ki hameM apane Apako tathA anya manuSyoM ko kadApi sAdhana na mAna kara svalakSya-sAdhya hI svIkAra karanA cAhie. vaha eka uddezyAtmaka sAmrAjya sthApita karane kI ceSTA karatA hai, yadyapi usakA yaha uddezyavAda kucha aspaSTa hai. tathApi kAnTa kI dhAraNA hai ki sadAcAra tathA sukha donoM mila kara pUrNa zubha kA nirmANa karate haiM, tathApi vaha yaha spaSTa nahIM karatA ki ina donoM kA paraspara samanvaya kaise kiyA jA sakatA hai ? isa jaTila samasyA ko sulajhAne ke liye vaha sarvajJa aura sarvazaktimAn Izvara kI dhAraNA ko svIkAra karatA hai, jo pratyeka vyakti ko usake sadAcAra ke anurUpa sukha pradAna karane vAlA hai. yaha eka vicitra bAta hai ki vaha kAnTa, jo uddezyAtmaka sAmrAjya kA samarthaka hai aura jo isa bAta para bala detA hai ki manuSya svalakSya hai, vaha svayaM Izvara ko sadAcAra tathA sukha ke samanvaya ke uddezya kI pUrti ke liye sAdhana mAtra svIkAra karatA hai. kAnTa manuSya ko svalakSya mAnate hue bhI sadAcAra ke AtmasaMgata siddhAMta ko isaliye saMgata pramANita nahIM kara sakA kyoMki vaha AtmAnubhUti ke siddhAMta se anabhijJa thA, vaha mokSa kI dhAraNA kA jJAna nahIM rakhatA thA. pazcimIya naitika siddhAMta, naitikatA ko sApekSa svIkAra karate haiM aura use eka virodhAbhAsa mAnate haiM. braiDale ne apanI pustaka 'naitika adhyayana' (Ethical Studies) meM likhA hai ....... 'naitikatA meM virodhAbhAsa to hai hI, vaha hameM usa vastu ko anubhUta karane kA Adeza detI hai jisakI (pUrNa) anubhUti kadApi nahIM ho sakatI aura yadi usakI anubhUti ho jAya to vaha svayaM naSTa ho jAtI hai. koI bhI vyakti kabhI bhI pUrNatayA naitika nahIM rahA hai aura na bhaviSya meM ho sakatA hai. jahAM para apUrNatA nahIM hai, vahAM para koI naitika aucitya nahIM ho sakatA. naitika aucitya eka virodhAbhAsa hai.' kyoMki mokSa kI prApti kI dhAraNA pAzcAtya vicArakoM ko jJAta nahIM hai, isaliye ve isa tathya se anabhijJa haiM ki naitikatA ke virodhAbhAsa ko aise stara para pAra kiyA jA sakatA hai, jo ki tarka aura buddhi se UMcA stara hai. kAnTha tattvAtmaka dRSTi se to anubhavAtIta siddhAMta prastuta karatA hai. kintu vaha anubhavAtIta naitika siddhAMta (Transcendentalism in Ethics) prastuta nahIM kara sakA. yahI kAraNa hai ki use dharmavAda kA Azraya lenA par3A aura bAhyAtmaka tathA vaiyaktika Izvara kI dhAraNA ko svIkAra karanA par3A. jainavAda manuSya ke virodhAbhAsa aura usakI apUrNatA se santuSTa nahIM rahatA. usake anusAra manuSya svabhAva se virodhAbhAsa se pare hai aura usameM pUrNatva nihita hai. usake jIvana kA uddezya naitika tathA AdhyAtmika anuzAsana ke dvArA isa avyakta pUrNatva ko vyakta karanA hai. manuSya meM virodhAbhAsa nahIM hai. hameM aisI naitikatA ko svIkAra hI nahIM karanA cAhie, jo eka virodhAbhAsa ho. baDale ne svayaM svIkAra kiyA hai"manuSya virodhAbhAsa se kucha adhika hai." merI yaha dhAraNA hai ki yaha Adhikya vaha AdhyAtmika kSamatA hai, jo ofivaterent www.jarelibrary.org
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________________ 218 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya ----0-0---0----0-0-0-0 manuSya ko pUrNatA tathA samarUpatA prApta karane ke yogya banAtI hai evaM use mokSa kI anubhUti karAtI hai. kevala aisI mokSa kI dhAraNA ke dvArA hI AkAra tathA sAmagrI, sat tathA asat, zubha tathA azubha, tarka tathA sukha, sAmAjika tathA vaiyaktika kalyANa ke virodha ko dUra kiyA jA sakatA hai. naitikatA ke Adarza ke rUpa meM mokSa hameM AkAra tathA sAmagrI, tarka tathA sukha detA hai. isa prakAra janavAda ke anusAra mokSa hI eka mAtra naitika Adarza hai. isa dRSTikoNa ko sAmane rakhate hue hameM jaina AcArazAstra kA adhyayana karanA cAhie. saMnyAsI athavA sAdhu kI prAcAra-mImAMsA jainasiddhAMta ke anusAra ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya tathA aparigraha ina pAMca mahAvratoM kA anusaraNa karanA mokSa kA sAdhana hai. jainadharma meM inhIM pAMca niyamoM ko sAdhuoM ke AcAra ke AdhArabhUta niyamoM ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai. ahiMsA kA artha hara prakAra kI hiMsA se bacanA hai, cAhe vaha hiMsA sUkSma se sUkSma adRzya jIvoM kI ho, cAhe vaha pazuoM kI ho aura cAhe manuSyoM kI. hiMsA kA artha kevala zarIra dvArA hiMsA karanA hI nahIM hai, apitu mana aura vacana dvArA bhI hiMsA karanA hai. jaba jaina sAdhu ahiMsA kA pAlana karatA hai, vaha hara prakAra se yahI ceSTA karatA hai ki isa mahAvrata kA yathAsambhava nirapekSa rUpa se anusaraNa kare aura mana, vacana tathA kAyA se kisI bhI jIvadhArI ko duHkha na de. yaha tIna prakAra kI ahiMsA tIna guptiyoM para AdhArita mAnI jAtI hai. dUsare zabdoM meM mana, vacana tathA karma dvArA mahAvratoM ke pAlana karane ko tIna guptiyAM kahA gayA hai. hameM yaha smaraNa rakhanA cAhiye ki sabhI mahAvratoM kA mUla AdhAra ahiMsA mahAvata hai. isa ahiMsA kA nirapavAda anusaraNa karane ke liye hI anya cAritra saMbaMdhI niyamoM ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai. satya bolanA isaliye Avazyaka hai ki kisI ke prati jhUTha bolane se usa vyakti ko kama se kama mAnasika AghAta avazya pahu~catA hai. yadi koI vyakti satya kI avahelanA karake kevala ahiMsA ko apanAne kI ceSTA kare to vaha kadApi aisA nahIM kara sakatA. asatya bola kara hama niHsaMdeha vacana dvArA hiMsA karate haiM aura dUsare vyakti ke mana ko du:khI karate haiM. isI prakAra kisI vyakti kI saMpatti ko curAnA evaM tIsare mahAvrata ko bhaMga karanA hiMsA hai. jisa vyakti kI sampatti curAI jAtI hai, niHsaMdeha usako mAnasika AghAta pahu~catA hai. ataH asteya bhI ahiMsA para AdhArita hai. Adhunika vijJAna bhI isa dRSTikoNa ko puSTa karatA hai ki brahmacarya para na calane se arthAt kAma kI tRpti se asaMkhya jIvoM kI hiMsA hotI hai. ataH brahmacarya ahiMsA ko puSTa karane kA sAdhana hai. aparigraha kA artha AvazyakatA se adhika sampatti na rakhanA hai. yaha spaSTa hai ki jo vyakti AvazyakatA se adhika dhana-dhAnya Adi rakhatA hai, vaha niHsaMdeha una nirdhanoM aura bhUkhoM ko jIvana kI AvazyakatAoM se vaMcita rakha rahA hai, jinakI rakSA karane ke liye atirikta dhana aura dhAnya kA sadupayoga kiyA jA sakatA hai. ataH aparigraha kA anusaraNa karanA ahiMsAtmaka jIvana ko puSTa karanA hai. sAdhuoM kA AcAra pUrNatayA ahiMsAtmaka mAnA gayA hai. isaliye pratyeka jaina sAdhu ko pA~ca mahAvratoM aura tIna guptiyoM ke sAtha-sAtha nimnalikhita pA~ca samitiyoM kA bhI anusaraNa karanA par3atA hai :-(1) IryAsamiti arthAt jIvoM kI hiMsA se bacane ke liye sAvadhAnI se calanA. (2) bhASAsamiti-vacana dvArA hiMsA se bacane ke liye bhASA para niyaMtraNa rakhanA. (3) eSaNAsamiti-sAdhu dvArA bhojana tathA jala kA sAvadhAnI se nirIkSaNa kiyA jAnA aura yaha nizcita karanA ki jo anna tathA jala use diyA jA rahA hai vaha usI ke liye to prastuta nahIM kiyA gayA. (4) AdAna-nikSepaNasamiti- sUkSma jIvoM ko AghAta na pahu~cAne kI dRSTi se nitya kI Avazyaka vastuoM ko sAvadhAnI se prayoga meM lAnA. (5) pariSThApanikA-samiti-anAvazyaka vastuoM ko sAvadhAnI se visarjita karanA. ye pA~ca samitiyAM sAdhu ko ahiMsA ke mArga para calane meM sahAyatA detI haiM aura yaha pramANita karatI haiM ki sAdhu kA jIvana hara prakAra se eka taTasthatA kA jIvana honA cAhie / sAdhu-AcAra kI yaha taTasthatA isaliye Avazyaka hai ki isI ke dvArA vaha hara prakAra ke rAga-dveSa se mukta ho sakatA hai. jaba taka sAdhu saMsAra ke dvandvoM se Upara uTha kara nirapekSa rUpa se ahiMsA kA pAlana nahIM karatA taba taka vaha mokSa prApta nahIM kara sakatA. sAdhAraNatayA ahiMsA kA artha anya prANiyoM kI rakSA bhI mAnA jAtA hai. yahI kAraNa hai ki adhikatara jaina gRhastha athavA zrAvaka pakSiyoM ko dAnA DAlate esse Only www.jainelibran org
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________________ DA0 Izvaracandra : jainadharma ke naitika siddhAnta : 266 haiM aura bImAra pazu-pakSiyoM ke liye cikitsAlaya Adi banavAte haiM. isa prakAra dayA ko ahiMsA ke samakakSa svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai. kintu jainavAda meM zvetAmbara sampradAya meM "terApantha " nAma kA mata ahiMsA kI vicitra vyAkhyA karatA hai aura use jIvana kI rakSA se pRthaka mAnatA hai. ahiMsA kI isa paribhASA kA niSpakSa vizleSaNa karanA Avazyaka hai, kyoMki ahiMsA hI jaina naitikatA kA Adarza hai. jahAM taka sAdhu AcAra kA sambandha hai nirapekSa dRSTi para AdhArita ahiMsA kI vyAkhyA vizeSa mahattva rakhatI hai. nirapekSa dRSTi se jo ahiMsA kI vyAkhyA kI jAtI hai, vaha niHsaMdeha janasAdhAraNa kI paridhi se bAhara hai aura usake anusAra sAdhAraNa hiMsA aura anivArya hiMsA meM koI bheda nahIM hai. isa dRSTi se hiMsA hara avasthA meM aura hara samaya para hiMsA hI hai. yadi eka bAra hama sUkSma jIvoM ke astitva ko svIkAra kara lete haiM to koI kAraNa nahIM ki kucha mAnavIya jIvoM kI rakSA karane ke liye ananta sUkSma jIvoM kI hiMsA ko AdhyAtmika dRSTi se anaitika na samajhA jAya. isa bAta ko to svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai ki isa prakAra kI nirapekSa ahiMsA kA pAlana karanA eka buddhimAn manuSya ke liye isalie asambhava hai ki vaha sUkSma jIvoM ke saMhAra ke vinA apane Apako jIvita nahIM rakha sakatA. kintu tasvAtmaka AdhAra para isa prakAra kI sApekSa hiMsA ko ahiMsA kahanA aura aise karma ko mokSa kI dRSTi se saMgata svIkAra karanA bhI eka bhUla hai. terApaMthiyoM kI yaha dhAraNA hai ki manuSya vivaza hokara sApekSa ahiMsA ke mArga ko apanAtA hai aura usakA aisA karanA mokSa mArga ke anukUla nahIM kahA jA sakatA. unakI yaha dhAraNA hai ki AdhyAtmika jIvana meM tathA vyAvahArika jIvana meM bheda hai. manuSya ko yaha svIkAra karanA cAhie ki vaha nirbala hai aura vaha hara samaya AdhyAtmika naitikatA kA pAlana nahIM kara sakatA. nirapekSa ahiMsA, jo ki sUkSma tathA sthUla hara prakAra ke jIvoM kI hiMsA ko samAna rUpa se anaitika mAnatI hai, sAdhujIvana kA hI Adarza bana sakatI hai. ahiMsA kI yaha dhAraNA terApaMtha ke anusAra sUkSma jIvoM ke prati tathA manuSyoM ke prati dayA ke bheda ko svIkAra nahIM karatI. yaha to svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai ki manuSya nirapekSa rUpa se ahiMsA ko nahIM apanA sakatA. mahAtmA gAMdhI ne bhI nirapekSa ahiMsA ke viSaya meM isa prakAra ke vicAra prakaTa kie haiM. unake zabdoM meM "nirapekSa evaM pUrNa ahiMsA kA artha sabhI jIvoM ke prati hara prakAra kI durbhAvanA se mukta rahanA hai aura isalie usake kSetra meM mAnavetara bhayAnaka pazu tathA kIr3e bhI sammilita ho jAte haiM." eka aura sthAna para gAMdhIjI ne kahA hai- "ahiMsA eka atyanta bhayAnaka zabda hai. manuSya bAhyAtmaka hiMsA ke vinA jIvita hI nahIM raha sakatA. vaha khAte, pIte, baiThate, uThate samaya anAyAsa hI kisI-na-kisI prakAra kI hiMsA karatA rahatA hai. usI vyakti ko ahiMsA kA pujArI mAnanA cAhie, jo isa prakAra kI hiMsA se nivRtta hone kA satata prayAsa karatA hai, jisakA mana dayA se pUrNa hai aura jo sUkSma jIvoM kI hiMsA kI bhI icchA nahIM karatA. aise manuSya kA niyantraNa tathA usake hRdaya kI komalatA sadaiva pravRddha hote cale jAyeMge. kintu isameM koI sandeha nahIM ki koI bhI jIvita prANI bAhyAtmaka hiMsA se pUrNatayA mukta nahIM hai." mahAtmA gAMdhI ne to nirapekSa ahiMsA ko asambhava mAnakara sApekSa ahiMsA ko hI sAmAnya manuSya ke liye Adarza mAnA hai. unhoMne apane lekhoM tathA bhASaNoM meM aneka bAra yaha abhivyakta kiyA hai ki unakI ahiMsA eka vizeSa ahiMsA hai. vaha una jIvadhAriyoM ke prati dayA ko ahiMsA nahIM mAnate jo manuSyoM kA bhakSaNa kara jAte haiM kintu terApanthI sAdhu yaha mAna kara calate haiM ki virakta saMnyAsI ke lie nirapekSa ahiMsA kA pAlana karanA nitAnta Avazyaka hai. isaliye ve AdhyAtmika dRSTi se jIvarakSA ko ahiMsA nahIM mAnate. unakA kahanA yaha hai ki jIvarakSA vyAvahArika dRSTi se sarAhanIya mAnI jA sakatI hai kintu AdhyAtmika evaM mokSa kI dRSTi se use dharma svIkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai. isa mata ke vartamAna AcArya tulasI ne dayA kI paribhASA karate hue likhA hai "dayA kA artha apanI tathA anya prANiyoM kI AtmA kI adharma se rakSA karanA hai. vyAvahArika jIvana meM jIva kI rakSA ko bhI dayA kahA jAtA hai." hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki jaba AdhyAtmika pUrNatA kI tulanA meM dayA kA mUlyAMkana kiyA jAtA hai to vaha ahiMsA kI apekSA nyUna stara kA mUlya pramANita hotI hai. ataH isa mata ke anusAra jo vyakti dayA se prerita hokara dUsare ke prANoM F Private & Pers www.aielibrary.org
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________________ 9-0-0-0-0-0-0 300 : muni zrahajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya kI rakSA karatA hai, usakI sarAhanA kI jA sakatI hai, kintu yadi mokSa ke sthAna para dayA ko karma kA preraka mAnA jAya to aisA karma AdhyAtmika dRSTi se anucita hogA. dayA se prerita hokara prANa kI rakSA, ahiMsA ke atirikta anya sAdhanoM se bhI kI jA sakatI hai. aisI avasthA meM dayA ko mokSa ke lie upayogI nahIM mAnA jA sakatA, kyoMki sAdhu na to dhana rakha sakatA hai aura na kisI anya vyakti ko dhana de sakatA hai. yadi dhana ke sthAna para vyAdha ko samajhA-bujhA kara usake mana ko parivartita kara diyA jAya to yaha karma AtmA kI rakSA se prerita hone ke kAraNa mokSa dharma samajhA jAyegA, yadyapi isameM prANI kI rakSA svataH hI ho jAyegI. isase yaha pratIta hotA hai ki kevala adhyAtma aura aura anubhavAtIta dRSTi se hI AtmA kI rakSA ko jIva kI rakSA kI apekSA utkRSTa mAnA jA sakatA hai. yahA~ para smaraNa rakhanA cAhiye ki jahAM taka sAdhu AcAra kA sambandha hai, kucha sImA taka prANa-rakSA kI ora taTasthatA ko dharma svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai. kyoMki sAdhu mumukSu hotA hai, use zubha azubha se Upara uThanA par3atA hai aura ahiMsA kA pAlana karate samaya jIvoM ke prati tanika mAtra rAga-dveSa se bhI mukta rahanA par3atA hai zubha tathA azubha karmoM ko jaina darzana meM bandha mAnA gayA hai. jainadarzana ke vikhyAta vidvAn zrI e0 ena0 upAdhye ne likhA hai "zubha tathA azubha karmoM kI lohe tathA sone kI hathakar3iyoM se upamA dI jA sakatI hai. mokSa prApta karane ke liye ina donoM se mukta honA cAhiye. yaha Avazyaka hai ki Asakti ko tyAga diyA jAya aura vyakti apanI vizuddha AtmA meM hI sthita hojAya, anyathAsamasta tapazcaryA aura dhArmika karma nirarthaka haiM.' kintu terApaMthI isa taTasthatA para AvazyakatA se adhika bala dete haiM aura prANarakSA ko kevala vyAvahArika dayA svIkAra karate haiM. isa karttavya ko kevala vyAvahArika kartavya kaha kara aura usakA uttaradAyitva gRhasthoM para chor3a kara terApaMthI AdhyAtmika taTasthatA para AvazyakatA se adhika bala dete haiM. ve isa bAta ko bhUla jAte haiM ki prANarakSA karate samaya bhI eka sAdhu taTastha raha sakatA hai aura isa prakAra prANarakSA bhI AtmA kI rakSA kI bhA~ti AdhyAtmika dayA ho sakatI haiM. vizeSa kara sAdhu ke lie yaha anivArya nahIM hai ki vaha prANiyoM kI rakSA karate samaya, unake prati rAga athavA zrAsakti rakhe. AdhyAtmika Adarza para calate hue bhI aura prANoM kI rakSA karate hue ghRNA, dveSa, bhaya, Adi se nivRtti kI prApti kI jA sakatI hai. aisA Adarza hameM bhagavadgItA kI sthitaprajJa kI dhAraNA meM milatA hai. bhagavadgItA ke anusAra sthita yahI hai, jo dukhoM kA anubhava karate samaya udvegarahita hai, jo sukha kA anubhava karate samaya abhimAna evaM AtmaprazaMsA se rahita hai aura jisake bhaya krodha Adi naSTa ho gae haiM. eka sAdhu ko bhI dukha-sukha kA anubhava karanA par3atA hai, kyoMki ye anubhava usake pUrva janma kA phala hote haiM. kintu usameM aura gRhastha meM antara hotA hai ki gRhastha bhAvAveza se asantulita avasthA meM hotA hai, jaba ki sAdhu sthitaprajJa hone ke kAraNa zAMta hotA hai. vaha na kisI vyakti se prasanna hotA hai na aprasanna. zubha azubha vastuoM ke prati vaha anAsakta aura taTastha rahatA hai. bhagavadgItA kA yaha Adarza jaina sAdhu ke Adarza ke sadRza hai. kundakundAcArya ke zabdoM meM- 'ajJAnI ke liye karma bandha kA kAraNa banatA hai, jaba ki jJAnI AdhyAtmika hone ke kAraNa usa samaya halkA evaM sAtvika hotA hai, jaba ki vaha karma ke phala ko bhogatA hai. vaha sAdhu jo jIvita prANiyoM kI rakSA karate samaya AdhyAtmika dRSTikoNa se bhAvazUnya hotA hai aura jisakA dRSTikoNa vizvAtIta hotA hai, kadApi karma se Asakta nahIM ho sakatA aura na hI usakA karma bandha ko utpanna kara sakatA hai." ke sthitaprajJa kI yaha dhAraNA jaina dhAraNA ke viparIta nahIM hai. kundakundAcArya ne jJAnI kI jo dhAraNA prastuta kI hai, vaha sthitaprajJa kI dhAraNA ke sadRza hai. kundakundAcArya ne bhI isa bAta ko svIkAra kiyA hai ki jJAnI ko apanI AtmA meM hI sthita rahanA cAhiye aura yaha Atmasthiti hI use Ananda detI hai. isI AtmAnubhUti ke lie hI anAsakta rahanA Avazyaka hai. kundakundAcArya ne pravacanasAra meM isa dRSTikoNa kI puSTi karate hue spaSTa rUpa se likhA hai- 'paramANu barAbara tanikamAtra Asakti bhI AtmAnubhUti ke lie mahAn Apatti kA kAraNa hai, yadyapi kisI vyakti ne sabhI AgamoM ko kaNThastha bhI kyoM na kara liyA ho. vyakti ko apanI AtmA meM nilIna ho kara Atmasthita rahanA cAhie, kyoMki AtmA hI jJAna kA bhaNDAra hai. isa prakAra santuSTa rahanA hI utkRSTa evaM parama sukha hai. bhagavadgItA ke dUsare
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________________ DA0 Izvaracandra : jainadharma ke naitika siddhAnta : 301 -0--0--0-0-0--0--0--0--0-0 adhyAya kA 55 vA zloka, jo sthitaprajJa kI aisI vyAkhyA karatA hai, nimnalikhita hai"he arjuna ! jaba eka vyakti mana se utpanna apanI sabhI icchAoM ko tyAga detA hai aura jaba apanI AtmA ke dvArA apanI AtmA meM sthita ho kara santuSTa evaM tRpta ho jAtA hai, taba vaha sthitaprajJa kahalAtA hai." yaha Adarza zrIkRSNa dvArA arjuna ko yaha samajhAne ke lie pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai ki yadi arjuna jaisA yoddhA niSkAma bhAva se apane kartavya kA pAlana kare, to vaha karma ke bandhana meM nahIM par3atA. isI prakAra jaina mumukSu evaM sAdhu bhI prANoM kI rakSA karatA huA santulita raha sakatA hai aura karma-pudgala se mukta ho sakatA hai. sAdhu tathA yoddhA ke kartavyoM meM bheda avazya ho sakatA hai, kintu sAdhu AcAra kA mArgadarzana karane vAle jaina siddhAnta tathA yoddhA ke mArgadarzana karane vAle bhagavadgItA ke siddhAnta kA lakSya eka hI hai, bhagavadgItA ke anusAra mumukSu eka sAdhu kI bhA~ti phala kI icchA se rahita hokara yuddha-kSetra meM apane kartavya kA pAlana karatA huA bhI sokSa prApta kara sakatA hai. kintu jaina sAdhu evaM mumukSu eka virakta kI bhA~ti prANarakSA ke bhautika phala ke prati taTastha raha kara AdhyAtmika kSetra meM apane kartavya kA pAlana karatA hai, usakA uddezya bhI mokSa kI prApti hai. yadi eka sainika dvArA AdhyAtmika dRSTi se kiyA gayA deza kI rakSA kA kartavya mokSa prApta karane meM sahAyaka ho sakatA hai, to ahiMsA ke mArga para calane vAle sAdhu dvArA taTastha dRSTi se kiyA gayA prANarakSA kA kartavya bhI avazya hI AdhyAtmika mAnA jA sakatA hai. terApaMthI anAsakti para AvazyakatA se adhika bala dete huye yaha bhUla jAte haiM ki AtmA kI rakSA kI bhA~ti jIvarakSA bhI niSkAma bhAva se ho sakatI hai. jisa prakAra mumukSu ke lie prANarakSA para AvazyakatA se adhika bala na denA isalie Avazyaka hai ki vaha kahIM mokSa ke parama lakSya ko vismRta na karade, usI prakAra usake liye AtmA kI rakSA para AvazyakatA se adhika bala na denA bhI isaliye hI mahattvapUrNa hai ki vaha kahIM prANa rakSA jaise zubha sAdhana kI upekSA na karade. yadi AdhyAtmika aMga kI ora upekSA prANarakSA ko svalakSya mAnane kI bhrAnti utpanna kara sakatI hai, to prANarakSA ko mokSa kA sAdhana na mAnane kI pravRtti bhI mumukSu meM prANarakSA ke prati ghRNA utpanna kara sakatI hai. yadi jIvita prANiyoM ke prati rAga, bandha kA kAraNa hai to unake prati ghRNA bhI bandha kA hI kAraNa hai. vAstava meM ye donoM dRSTikoNa eka dUsare ke pUraka haiM. jainadarzana meM AtmA kI rakSA tathA prANarakSA donoM ko pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai. AtmA kI rakSA niHsandeha isa siddhAnta ke tattvAtmaka lakSaNa para bala detI hai, jaba ki prANa rakSA tathA AtmA kI rakSA donoM hI sAdhu ke liye mahattvapUrNa haiM aura ina donoM kA samanvaya yaha pramANita karatA hai ki jainavAda eka naitika tattvAtmaka (Ethicometaphysical) siddhAnta hai. zrAvakAcAra (Ethics for laymen) yadyapi jainavAda kA yaha mata hai ki mokSaprApti ke liye gRhastha tathA vAnaprastha AzramoM se gujaranA anivArya nahIM hai. unameM gujarane se pUrva hI saMnyAsa apanAnA Avazyaka hai, tathApi eka gRhastha pAMca mahAvratoM kA AMzika anusaraNa karake tyAgAzrama ke jIvana kA abhyAsa kara sakatA hai. sabhI jaina sampradAya yaha svIkAra karate haiM ki gRhasthiyoM evaM zrAvakoM ke liye aNuvratoM kA anusaraNa karanA bhI vAstava meM tyAga ke jIvana kA abhyAsa karanA hai. aNuvrata kA artha mahAvrata kA sUkSma aMza athavA aNu hai. aNuvrata vAstava meM mahAvratoM para AdhArita sarala niyama hai. isameM koI sandeha nahIM ki aNuvratoM kI jainamata meM jo vyAkhyA kI gaI hai use dekhate hue vaha hamArI aneka naitika aura sAmAjika samasyAoM ko sulajhA sakate haiM. ye aNuvata na hI kevala eka manuSya ko Atmazuddhi ke dvArA AtmAnubhUti karA sakate haiM, apitu satya, ahiMsA, nyAya tathA sAhasa para AdhArita eka dRr3ha caritra kA nirmANa kara sakate haiM. jainavAda ke uparokta adhyayana se yaha siddha hotA hai ki isa darzana kA vizeSa lakSaNa isakI vyAvahArikatA hai. isakA sunizcita naitika anuzAsana vyakti ko sAmAnya stara se Upara uThAtA hai aura use saccaritra dvArA yathArtha jJAna se avagata karAtA hai. janavAda ko samyak darzana, samyak jJAna aura samyak caritra ke tIna niyamoM para AdhArita mAnA gayA hai. inhIM ALLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL L LL wwwwwwwwwww wwwwwww wwwww Joaololololo biolololololol /01010101olol TWIMURTIUIII Jain Education Intem. STEREO mamientory.org
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________________ 302 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya tInoM niyamoM ko ratnatrayI kahA jAtA hai. sarvaprathama samyakdarzana evaM samyak niSThA ko isIlie sthAna diyA gayA hai ki niSThA ke binA na to yathArtha jJAna kI prApti ho sakatI hai aura na samyak caritra kA anusaraNa kiyA jA sakatA hai. gItA ke anusAra bhI yaha kahA gayA hai 'zraddhAvAn labhate jJAnaM, saMzayAtmA vinazyati' arthAt niSThA vAlA vyakti hI yathArtha jJAna ko prApta karatA hai aura sandeha karane vAlA vyakti nAza ko prApta hotA hai. samyak jJAna kA Adarza jainadarzana meM pratipAdita una navatattvoM kA jJAna hai, jinakI vyAkhyA hamane Upara dI hai. samyak-cAritra kA artha una satyoM ko jIvana meM avatarita karanA hai, jinako ki yathArtha svIkAra kiyA gayA hai. kyoMki jainavAda bandhana se mukti prApta karane kA sAdhana saMvara mAnatA hai, isalie inhIM mahAvatoM kA anusaraNa karanA athavA una para AdhArita aNuvratoM ko jIvana meM apanAnA samyakcaritra mAnA jAyegA. hamane Upara diye gae vivecana meM yaha dekhA ki jainavAda kA AcArazAstra ahiMsA ko parama dharma mAna kara calatA hai aura ahiMsA eka niSedhAtmaka dhAraNA pratIta hotI hai. kintu jaba isa mahAn Adarza ko jIvana meM apanAyA jAtA hai to yaha niSedhAtmaka Adarza se kahIM adhika pramANita hotA hai. isa Adarza ko nirapekSa rUpa se jIvana meM apanAnA kaThina hI nahIM, apitu vyAvahArika dRSTi se asabhava pratIta hotA hai kintu antaraMga meM pUrNa ahiMsAvRtti jAgRta ho jAne para ahiMsA ke AcaraNa meM bhI pUrNatA AjAtI hai. ataH ahiMsA kA mArga sarala mArga nahIM, apitu eka talavAra kI dhAra kI bhA~ti kaThina mArga hai. mahAtmA gAMdhI ne bhI ahiMsA kI vyAkhyA karate huye aneka bAra kahA hai "yaha mArga nirbala va bhIru vyakti ke liye nahIM, apitu vIra aura sAhasI vyakti ke liye nirdhArita kiyA gayA hai." jainavAda eka aisA siddhAMta hai jisane yugoM se ahiMsA ke mArga ko apanAyA hai aura jo Aja taka bhI isa ucca Adarza ko jIvana meM avatarita kara rahA hai. ahiMsA kA artha na hI kevala kisI vyakti ko AghAta na pahu~cAnA hai, apitu dUsaroM kI kriyAtmaka sevA karanA bhI hai. yadyapi jainavAda vyaktigata rUpa se ahiMsAtmaka AdarzoM ko jIvana meM utArane para bala detA hai, tathApi yaha spaSTa hai ki usakA uddezya mAnavamAtra kA kalyANa aura sAmAjika pragati hai. Aja vizva Arthika dRSTi se pUMjIvAda aura sAmyavAda kI dalabandI meM grasta hai. pUMjIvAda vyakti ko AvazyakatA se adhika sampatti ekatrita karane kI AjJA dekara na hI kevala lobha ke avaguNa ko protsAhana detA hai, parantu Arthika viSamatAeM utpanna karane ke kAraNa asaMkhya manuSyoM ko bhojana se bhI vaMcita karatA hai. pUjIvAda niHsandeha parokSa rUpa se hiMsA aura zoSaNa ko protsAhana detA hai. sAmyavAdI hiMsA kA prayoga karake balapUrvaka sampatti kA vitaraNa karate haiM. aura vyakti kI svAbhAvika pravRttiyoM kA damana karate haiM. isa paMjIvAda aura sAmyavAda ke pArasparika saMgharSa kA eka mAtra vikalpa AdhyAtmika sAmyavAda hai, jo niHsandeha jainavAda dvArA pratipAdita ahiMsAtmaka mArga kI svAbhAvika utpatti hai. vinobA bhAve ne bhArata meM bhUdAna ke yajJa meM jo zveta krAnti utsanna kI hai vaha vAstava meM ahiMsA aura aparigraha ke niyamoM para AdhArita hai. yahA~ para yaha kahanA anucita na hogA ki mahAtmA gAMdhI jI ne svatantratA-saMgrAma meM jisa ahiMsAtmaka mArga ko apanAyA aura jisakA anusaraNa karake unhoMne apane tathA apane sAthiyoM ke udAtta caritra kA nirmANa kiyA, usakI preraNA unheM jainavAda se avazya prApta huI hai. ahiMsA ko rAjanIti meM apanA kara aura satyAgraha kI prathA ko sarvapriya banAkara mahAtmA gAMdhI ne yaha pramANita kara diyA ki ahiMsA aNuvrata ke rUpa meM karor3oM vyaktiyoM dvArA eka sAtha vyAvahArika jIvana meM avatarita kI jA sakatI hai. isa ahiMsAtmaka mArga ko apanAnA niHsandeha svatantratA saMgrAma meM advitIya sAhasa aura vIratA kA kAma thA, kyoMki isa saMgharSa meM satyAgrahI ko zastroM kA sAmanA karanA par3atA thA-cupacApa dukha sahana karanA paDatA thA. kintu mahAtmA gAMdhI kI saphalatA ne yaha pramANita kara diyA hai ki naitika zakti bhautika zakti se adhika balavatI hai aura satya para AdhArita ahiMsA kI sadaiva vijayI hotI hai. hoto Jain Education Interational
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________________ zrIriSabhadAsa rAMkA jaina sAdhanA hara prANI sukha kI abhilASA rakhatA hai aura sukha prApti ke liye prayatnazIla bhI rahatA hai. kintu icchA aura prayatnoM ke bAvajUda bhI adhikAMza logoM ko sukha aura saMtoSa nahIM prApta hotA. isalie yaha mAnanA par3atA hai ki sukhaprApti ke mArga meM kucha na kucha bhUla avazya ho rahI hai. mAnava ko sacce sukha kA mArga anubhavI sAdhaka va siddha puruSoM ne batAyA hai. ve kahate haiM ki manuSya ke adhikAMza duHkha usake tathA dUsaroM ke ajJAna, tRSNA, mUrkhatA yA asamatA ke kAraNa hI nirmANa hote haiM. hamAre pAsa sukhaprApti ke sabhI sAdhana maujUda haiM. AtmA meM sukhaprApti kI zakti hai. isaliye AtmA ko sat cit va AnaMda rUpa mAnA hai. usameM zreya-sAdhana kI anaMta zakti bharI huI hai. vaha caitanya-svarUpa hai. puruSArtha se vaha apane zreyasAdhana kI zakti meM vRddhi kara sakatA hai aura use AnaMda kI avasthA prApta ho sakatI hai. usane jo cit-caitanya va zarIra meM zakti pAI hai usakA yogya upayoga karake unnata va sukhI ho sakatA hai. para vaha zakti nirarthaka barbAda ho rahI hai. use sAdhanA dvArA yogya kAma meM lagAnA cAhie. bhAratIya saMskRti kI sAdhanA bhAratIya saMskRti kI tIna dhArAyeM haiM- vaidika, bauddha aura jaina. hama dekhate haiM ki baidika saMskRti kI sAdhanA meM pataJjali ne yoga ke dvArA duHkhamukti va sukhaprApti kA rAstA batAyA. bauddha sAdhanA meM bhI samAdhi-mArga kA varNana milatA hai jisase nirvANa-prApti ho sakatI hai. aura jaina sAdhanA meM bhI karmabaMdhana aura usake pariNAmoM se mukti pAne kA rAstA batAyA hai. jainasAdhanA jainadarzana ne duHkha kA kAraNa karma mAnA hai. AtmA para karma kA AvaraNa A jAne se manuSya sacce sukha kA rAstA bhUla jAtA hai aura zarIra ke prati usakA mamatva ho jAtA hai. vaha zArIrika sukhoM ko hI mahattva dekara unheM pAne ke lie galata rAstA apanAtA hai. dUsaroM ko duHkha dene para koI sukhI nahIM banatA. para vaha apane sukhoM ke liye saba jIva samAna haiM, isa tathya ko bhUla kara dUsaroM ko kaSTa dene lagatA hai. jainadarzana kahatA hai ki dUsaroM ko duHkhI banAkara sukhaprApti kA prayatna ajJAna hai. isa ajJAna ke kAraNa duHkhavRddhi ke sAtha-sAtha janma-maraNa ke cakkara bhI bar3hate haiM. isalie AtmA para se karma kA AvaraNa dUra karanA cAhiye. tabhI AtmA kI supta zaktiyAM jAgrata hotI haiM, jisase manuSya sacce sukhakA svarUpa jAnakara zArIrika sukha-duHkhoM meM viveka karanA sIkhatA hai. ajJAna, tRSNA yA kaSAyoM dvArA nirmANa hone vAle duHkha se vaha mukti pA jAtA hai aura dUsaroM ke dvArA diye hue duHkhoM ko vaha zAMtipUrvaka sahana karane kI zakti pA letA hai. vaha duHkhoM se vihvala yA kSubdha nahIM banatA. mAnavatA kA pUrNa vikAsa karmoM ke AvaraNa haTa jAne para bhI zeSa Ayu to use bhoganI par3atI hai, nAma se bhI vaha pukArA jAtA hai aura jaba taka Jain Education Interion For pavate & Personal use only (www.gelibrary.ee
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________________ Jain Ed 0-0-0-0-0-0 304 : muni zrI hajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya zarIra hai taba taka vedanA bhI hotI hai. usake liye Ayu, nAma, gotra tathA vedanIya karmoM ke AvaraNa haTanA Avazyaka hotA hai. unake haTane para jise zuddha jJAna ho gayA hai use phira se baMdha nahIM hotA, kyoMki sAdhaka saccA sva-rUpa jAna jAtA haizuddha nirmala tathA pUrNa sadguNa yukta bana jAtA hai. yahI mAnavatA kA pUrNa vikAsa hai, manuSya jIvana kI antima siddhi aura sArthakatA hai. siddhoM ke prakAra isa prakAra mAnavatA kA vikAsa karane vAle do prakAra ke hote haiM. eka apanI hI mAnavatA kA vikAsa karate hue usakI siddhi karane vAle siddha aura dUsare apanI mAnavatA kI siddhi ke sAtha-sAtha dUsaroM ko mAnavatA kI vRddhi kA mArgadarzana karanevAle, jinheM jaina tattvajJAna tIrthaMkara siddha kahatA hai. ve tIrtha kI sthApanA kara dUsaroM ke vikAsa kA mArgadarzana kara mAnavatA ke vikAsa kA mArga prazasta karate haiM, dUsaroM ke duHkha se dravita hokara unheM kalyANa patha kA pradarzana karate haiM. karmoM ke prAvaraNa AtmA para AvaraNa DAlane vAle karmoM ke viSaya meM jJAniyoM ne isa prakAra vivaraNa diyA hai. dRSTi aura jJAna DhaMkane vAle karmoM ko mohanIya aura jJAnAvaraNa karma kahA hai. unake kAraNa manuSya apane sahI rUpa ko bhUlakara ajJAnI banatA hai. satya ko pahacAna nahIM sakatA. use kyA karanA cAhie, isakA sahI jJAna nahIM hotA. yadi jJAna ho bhI jAya to vaisA AcaraNa ho nahIM pAtA. mohanIya karma bAdhaka banate haiM. ina karmoM ke AvaraNoM ko haTAnA aura naye karma ke baMdhana na hoM isakI sAvadhAnI hI sAdhanA hai. vaha sAdhanA isa prakAra batAI hai: mana, vacana aura zarIra dvArA hone vAlI burAI ko rokanA sAdhaka ke liye prAthamika AvazyakatA hai. mana kabhI khAlI nahIM rahatA. vaha kisI na kisI viSaya meM lagA hI rahatA hai. dina bhara mana meM vRttiyoM kA prabhAva calatA hI rahatA hai. usameM se aniSTa ke vicAra ko vaha apane mana meM sthAna nahIM detA. yahA~ taka ki jisane usakA ahita kiyA ho aise zatru ko bhI vaha apanA upakArakarttA hI mAnatA hai, kyoMki usane ahita karake sahanazIlatA ko bar3hAyA. vicAroM para saMyama rakhakara bure vicAra mana meM na Ane se vAcAsaMyama AtA hai. sAdhaka ke muMha se asatya, dUsare kA akalyANa yA aniSTa karanevAlI va kaThora bhASA nahIM nikalatI. vaha satya, parimita, hitakara va mIThI bhASA hI bolane kA prayatna karatA hai. jaba mana para kAbU ho jAtA hai, vANI meM saMyama A jAtA hai to zarIra se bhI koI aisA karma nahIM hotA jisase dUsare ko kaSTa pahu~ce yA dUsare kA akalyANa ho. balki usake dvArA aise hI kArya hote haiM jinameM dUsaroM kI bhalAI ho. isa prakAra samapravRtti karate huye bhI usakI usameM kisI prakAra kI Asakti nahIM hotI. vaha sahaja bhAva se apane AtmaguNoM ke vikAsa ke liye satpravRtti karatA rahatA hai. vrata jaba manuSya AtmavikAsa kA patha lekara apane Apako sAdhanApatha kA pathika banAtA hai to ahiMsA, brahmacarya amamatvAdi guNoM kI ArAdhanA karatA hai. dUsaroM ke prati AtmabhAva honA ahiMsA hai. isa sAdhanA kA abhyAsa dRr3ha karane ke liye prathama vrata lenA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai. vaha dUsaroM ke prati samabhAva rakhakara jIvana vyavahAra karatA hai. kisI ko duHkha yA kaSTa nahIM pahu~cAtA. vaise hI satya kA upAsaka banakara bhASA-saMyama kA abhyAsa bar3hAtA hai. samatA va satya ke upAsaka ke lie yaha Avazyaka ho jAtA hai ki vaha dUsare kA zoSaNa na kare, anyAya se dUsare kI vastu kA apahAra na kare para yaha sAdhanA tabhI saMbhava hai jaba vaha aparigraha yA sAdagI ko apanAtA hai, usakI jarUrateM sImita hotI haiM. tRSNApAza kATe vinA manuSya ucita parigraha kI sImA kI ora jA nahIM sakatA aura parigraha sImita huye vinA Atma vikAsa kI ora zakti nahIM lagAI jA sakatI. isIliye ucita parigraha kI sImA sAdhaka ko bAMdha hI lenI par3atI hai. jaise parigraha ko sImita banAnA sAdhaka ke liye Avazyaka hai, vaise hI brahmacarya vrata ko bhI sAdhanA meM mahatvapUrNa sthAna hai. usake vinA For Private & Persona
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________________ Jain Comedy riSabhadAsa zaMkA : jaina sAdhanA : 305 vaha AtmazaktiyoM kA pUrNa vikAsa nahIM kara pAtA. jaise jaina sAdhanA meM, ahiMsA satya, aparigraha va brahmacarya ko sthAna hai| vaise hI vaidika vicAraparamparA kI sAdhanA meM bhI yama niyama ko sthAna diyA hai aura bauddha sAdhanA meM bhI unakA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai. tapa yogadarzana meM yama niyama ke bAda zarIra ko sAdhanA ke yogya banAne ke liye Asana prANAyAma batAyA hai to jaina sAdhanA meM tapa ke dvArA zarIra ko kasane kA vidhAna hai. Aja tapa kA artha zarIra kaSTa bana gayA hai para usakA upayoga zarIra aura mana ko sAdhanA ke yogya banAne meM honA cAhie. jainasAdhanA meM tapa ke do prakAra haiM--bAhya aura Abhyantara bAhya tapa ke chaha bheda haiM--anazana, avamodarya, vRttiparisaMkhyAna, rasaparityAga, viviktazayyAsana aura kAyakleza. sAdhaka apanI sArI zakti ko AtmavikAsa meM lagAve, usakA vAsanA meM kSaya na kare, isa dRSTi se vAsanAoM ko kSINa banAne ke prayatnoM ko tapa kahA jA sakatA hai. yaha prayatna mana aura zarIra donoM kI ora se hone cAhie, tabhI saphalatA prApta ho sakatI hai. tapa meM manakA sAtha na milA to zarIra se kiyA huA tapa deha-daMDa yA kAyakleza mAtra hI bana sakatA hai. zarIra se mana kI zakti vizeSa hone se zArIrika yA bAhya tapazcaryA se mAnasika AbhyaMtara tapazcaryA ko adhika mahattva diyA gayA hai. phira bhI sAdhaka ko abhyAsa meM bAhya tapa bhI upayogI hotA hai, usakI AvazyakatA hotI hai. usa para bhI vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai. anazana zarIra va AhAra kA sambandha atyanta ghaniSTha hai. AhAra ke vinA zarIra cala nahIM sakatA. lekina yaha AhAra kitanA aura kaisA lenA cAhiye, isa jAnakArI ke abhAva meM manuSya adhikatara jarUrata se jyAdA hI khAtA hai. isaliye use upavAsa karanA bhI Avazyaka ho jAtA hai. upavAsa meM annapAcana meM lagane vAlI zakti bacAkara AtmaciMtana meM lagAI jA sakatI hai. isIliye upavAsa ko AtmA ke nikaTa vAsa karanA mAnA gayA hai. bhojana ko tyAga kara usake pacAne ke liye kharca hone vAlI zakti kA upayoga AtmaciMtana meM kiyA jAya to vaha anazana sAdhanA meM lAbhadAyaka hotA hai. para yadi pratiSThA yA daMbha kA kAraNa bana jAya to nizcita hI vaha bAdhaka banatA hai. vaha karmamala ko dUra karane ke badale use bar3hAtA hai. bhovarya sAdhaka zarIra ko jitanA Avazyaka ho utanA hI AhAra detA hai. kama se kama AhAra ke sahAre apanI jIvanacaryA calAtA hai. usase adhika AhAra se paidA honevAlA pramAda nahIM AtA aura sAdhanA ke prati jAgrati bar3hatI hai. apramattatA sAdhanA ke vikAsa meM Avazyaka hone se vaha bhUkha se kama khAtA hai. vRttiparisaMkhyAna amodarya kI sAdhanA ke liye vastuoM kI sImA Avazyaka hai. manuSya svAdavaza jo jarUrata se adhika khA letA hai usake liye khAne kI vastuoM kA saMkSepa karanA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai aura sAdhaka isa Adata ko bar3hAne ke liye vrata kA sahArA letA hai. khAne kI vastueM asaMkhya haiM. para sAdhaka unheM sImita karatA hai. rasaparityAga mitAhAra ke liye rasaparityAga bhI Avazyaka ho jAtA hai. isIliye tapazcaryA meM rasa-tyAga kA sthAna mahattvapUrNa hai. hamAre vikAroM para niyaMtraNa Ave, iMdriyA~ prabala na hoM, isaliye rasaparityAga sAdhanA meM sahAyaka hotA hai. isaliye sAdhaka yaha mAnakara ki khAne ke liye jInA nahIM hai para jIvana ke liye bhojana hai, aisA AhAra kare jisase mana svastha rahe. brary.org
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________________ 0-0-0-0-0--0-0-6 306 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya zradhyAya viviktazayyAsana sAdhanA meM sthAna kA bhI mahattva hai. vaha aise sthAna meM rahe jahA~ kA vAtAvaraNa aura paristhiti sAdhanA ke liye anukUla ho. isaliye usakA ekAnta, nirupAdhika sthAna meM rahanA Avazyaka hai. isaliye tapa meM vivikta zayyAsana kA sthAna hai. kAyakleza sardI-garmI ke upadrava sAdhanA meM bAdhaka na hoM aura sadA apramatta avasthA banI rahe, isa dRSTi se zarIra ko sahanazIla banAnA Avazyaka hai. nahIM to vaise prasaMga Ane para sAdhaka vicalita ho jAtA hai. sadA sphUrti rahe aura pratikUla paristhiti kA mana para asara na ho, isaliye AsanAdi dvArA zarIra ko kaSTasahana ke yogya banAne kI AvazyakatA hai. isa tapa kA yahI uddezya hai. Abhyantara tapa : prAyazcitta zArIrika bAhya tapoM kI apekSA sAdhanAmArga meM mAnasika tapoM kA adhika mahattva hai. jIvanazuddhi tathA AtmavikAsa kI dRSTi se sabhI dharmoM meM mAnasika abhyAsa para jora diyA gayA hai. sAdhaka jaba sAdhanA kSetra meM Age bar3hatA hai taba Atma-AlocanA kara apanI pratyeka zArIrika kriyA aura mAnasika vRtti kA zodhana karatA hai. jaba use apane dvArA huI bhUla mAlUma detI hai to prAyazcitta kara phirase vaha bhUla na ho isakA saMkalpa karatA hai. vaise to prAyazcitta kA zramaNaparamparA meM mahattva thA para bha0 mahAvIra ne use dainika kAryakrama meM jor3a diyA. unake pahale 22 tIrthaMkaroM kI paramparA meM bhUla ho taba prAyazcitta lene kA vidhAna thA, para bhagavAn mahAvIra ne manuSya svabhAva kI durbalatA ko jAnakara isameM yaha parivartana kiyA ki manuSya sAvadhAna hokara apane dainika kAryoM kA nirIkSaNa kare. jAna yA anajAna meM hone vAlI bhUloM kI AlocanA kara vaisI bhUleM phirase na hoM, isake liye saMkalpa kare. AtmavikAsa ke liye vratoM meM kahIM doSa A jAya, vratabhaMga ho jAya, saMkalpoM meM DhilAI Ave to usakA smaraNa kara AlocanA aura prAyazcitta sAdhaka ko Age bar3hAtA hai. vaha apane mana, vacana aura zarIra se honevAle doSoM ke lie jo kucha karanA Avazyaka ho vaha karatA hai. vinaya sAdhanA meM vinaya kA atyanta mahattva hone se Abhyantara tapa meM anubhaviyoM ne use bhI sthAna diyA hai. ahaMkAra manuSya ko nIce girAtA hai aura vinaya sAdhanA meM sahAyaka hotA hai. ahaMkAra jJAniyoM, anubhaviyoM tathA guru se jJAna va anubhava prApta karane meM bAdhaka banatA hai. jaba sAdhaka apane Apako paMDita yA jJAnI mAna letA hai, mujhe saba kucha mAlUma hai, aisA samajhatA hai, taba usakA vikAsa ruka jAtA hai. sAdhaka ko hamezA jijJAsu aura vidyArthI rahanA cAhiye, guNiyoM ke prati Adara bhAva rakhanA cAhiye. jAti, kula aura umra se koI zreSTha nahIM banatA para guNoM se hI zreSTha aura pUjya banatA hai. isaliye jJAna, darzana aura cAritra ke vinaya bhI batAye gaye haiM. satata jJAnaprApti kA abhyAsa aura smaraNa ko jJAnavinaya kahA hai, vaise hI jJAniyoM ke prati Adara bhI jJAna kA vinaya hai. jaba taka siddhAnta yA tattva ke prati dRr3ha niSThA nahIM hotI taba taka sAdhanA-patha meM Age nahIM bar3hA jA jakatA. isaliye yathArthaM tattva ko jAnanA aura usake prati dRr3ha niSThA honA Avazyaka hai. yadi zaMkA ho to jJAniyoM aura guru se zaMkAnivAraNa kara lenA cAhiye. yaha darzana evaM jJAna vinaya hai. jJAna se tattva kA ThIka nirNaya ho jAya taba tadanukUla AcaraNa yA abhyAsa karanA cAritravinaya hai. sAdhaka sadA namra hotA hai, use apanI apUrNatA kA dhyAna hotA hai. vaha apane se vRddha tathA anubhaviyoM ke prati sadA vinayI hotA hai, jise jaina sAdhanA meM upacAra vinaya kahA gayA hai. vinaya ko mokSa kA mUla mAnA gayA hai. Jain Education international
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________________ riSabhadAsa rAMkA : jaina sAdhanA : 307 sevA sAdhaka ke liye sevAvRtti kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai. kyoMki cittazuddhi ke sAtha-sAtha guNoM kI upAsanA hI usakI Atmazakti ko bar3hAtI hai. vivekI sAdhaka apanI AvazyakatAeM ghaTAkara dUsaroM se kama se kama sevA letA hai aura adhika se adhika dUsaroM ke liye upayogI banatA hai. jIvana meM eka dUsare kI sevA aura sahayoga Avazyaka hotA hai para sAdhaka sadA yaha dhyAna rakhatA hai ki vaha kisI para bojharUpa na bane aura dUsaroM se jo sevA le use cukAne kA prayAsa kare. jainasAhitya meM sevA ke liye 'vaiyAvRtya' zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai. usake dasa prakAra batAye gaye haiM, jisakA artha yahI hai ki jahA~ jaisI sevA kI jarUrata ho vaha kI jAya. svAdhyAya sAdhanA meM svAdhyAya kA bhI atyanta mahattva hai. apane dhyeya kI jAgrati aura usa patha meM Age bar3hane ke liye anubhaviyoM ke anubhavayukta vacana yA graMthoM kA svAdhyAya atyanta upayogI hotA hai. yadi sAdhanAmArga meM kahIM kucha zaMkA ho to apane se adhika jJAnI aura jAnakAra se zaMkAnivAraNa kara lenA cAhiye. par3he huye anubhavoM tathA pAThoM kA ciMtana tathA zuddhatApUrvaka uccAraNa aura Aye huye anubhavoM kA yA dharma kA upadeza Adi bAteM jJAnaprApti meM niHzaMka banAne, udAtta tathA paripakva banAne meM sahAyaka hotI haiM. isaliye svAdhyAya kA atyanta mahattva hai. svAdhyAya eka prakAra kI prAcInakAla meM huye mahApuruSoM kI satsaMgati hai. svAdhyAya karate samaya yadi yaha dRSTi rahe to hama bahuta lAbhAnvita ho sakate haiM. vyutsarga mamatA, ahaMkAra, rAgadveSa tathA krodhAdi kaSAyoM kA tyAga vyutsarga hai. vyutsarga ke do prakAra batAye gaye haiM-bAhya aura Abhyantara. ghara, kheta, dhana, saMpatti, parivAra Adi kI Asakti kA tyAga bAhya vyutsarga hai aura rAga, dveSa, krodha, ahaMkAra Adi Antarika durguNoM kA tyAga Abhyantara vyutsarga hai. citta zuddhi ke liye ina saba bAtoM kA tyAga Avazyaka hotA hai. sAdhaka prAtaHkAla tathA saMdhyA samaya meM, ekAnta meM, nirupAdhika hokara mamatAtyAga kA ciMtana kare aura use tyAgane kA prayAsa karatA rahe to sAdhanA-patha meM Age bar3hatA hai.. isa prakAra sAdhaka apanI taiyArI kara letA hai taba vaha dhyAna kI ora Age bar3hatA hai. pataMjali kI sAdhanA meM yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma, pratyAhAra, dhAraNA, dhyAna, samAdhi, yaha sAdhanAkrama batAyA hai. prakArAntara se vaisA hI jaina sAdhanA meM bhI hai. Asana zarIra ko apramatta banAte haiM aura prANAyAma citta ko sthira banAne meM upayogI hotA hai. pratyAhAra phailI huI vRttiyoM ko ekAgra banAtA hai to dhAraNA saMkalpa ko dhAraNa karane kI zakti detI hai. itanI taiyArI ho jAne para sAdhaka dhyAna kI sAdhanA kara citta ko sthira dRr3ha ekAgra aura nirmala banAtA hai jisase samAdhi prApta hotI hai. dhyAna jaina sAdhanA meM pUrva batAI pArzvabhUmi taiyAra hone para dhyAna kI sAdhanA karane ko kahA hai. karmakSaya ke lie dhyAna atyanta mahattvapUrNa sAdhanA hai . dhyAna citta ko ekAgra banAtA hai. citta kA svabhAva hai--vaha khAlI nahIM rahatA. kisI na kisI viSaya kA ciMtana karatA hI rahatA hai. dhyAna ke do prakAra jaina sAdhanA meM batAye gaye haiM-eka azubha aura dUsarA zubha. citta ekAgra aura sthira karane se usakI zakti meM vRddhi hotI hai. citta kI bar3hI huI zakti se manuSya icchita kArya kara sakatA hai. yadi isa zakti kA upayoga vaha azubha ke lie karanA cAhe to vaisA bhI kara sakatA hai aura usakA upayoga zubha ke lie bhI kara sakatA hai. isalie jaina sAdhanA ne dhyAna ke prakAra batAkara isa viSaya kA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai. Arta aura raudradhyAna ye azubha dhyAna haiM. dharma tathA zukla dhyAna ye zubhadhyAna mAne gaye haiM. Tu Tu Tu Tu Ceng Jain Ekinn Interational Ancinelibrary.org
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________________ 308 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya ArtadhyAna saMsAra meM iSTaviyoga, aniSTayoga, bImArI tathA vastuoM kI prApti kI abhilASA svAbhAvika rUpa se pAI jAtI hai. usake lie loga ciMtA karate hue bhI pAye jAte haiM. apriya kI prApti sukhakara nahIM hotI, dukhadAyaka hotI hai. manuSya apane Apa ko usake cintana meM lagAtA hai. aniSTayoga, iSTaviyoga, bImArI, vedanA Adi ko sarvathA TAlanA asaMbhava hai. aise avasaroM para viveka aura dhIraja rakhakara unheM sahana karanA cAhie. vaisA na kara yadi vaha vyAkula banakara usa viSaya kI ciMtA karatA hai to apanI zakti vyartha khotA hai. usa zakti ko AtmavikAsa meM lagAe yahI iSTa hai aura naye viSayoM kI prApti meM citta ko lagAnA yaha viveka se TAlA jA sakatA hai. kyoMki tRSNA ke pIche citta ko lagAnA hAnikara hai. dhyAna kisI bhI viSaya kA kiyA jA sakatA hai. citta ko ekAgra karane se zakti prApta hotI hai. zArIrika sukhaprApti ke lie tapazcaryA kara unheM prApta karane ke udAharaNa purANoM meM milate haiM. para yaha dhyAna manuSya ko nIce girAtA hai aura duHkhoM kA kAraNa banatA hai, isalie ArtadhyAna ko aniSTa mAnA gayA hai. raudradhyAna hiMsA, asatya, dUsaroM kA zoSaNa tathA parigraha ke satata ciMtana ko raudradhyAna kahA gayA hai. jaise AtadhyAna kA mUla lAlasA yA tRSNA hai vaise hI raudradhyAna kA AdhAra krUratA-hiMsA hai. apane svArtha ke lie dUsaroM kA aniSTa cintana, dUsaroM ko ThaganA, asatya, beImAnI Adi tarIke socane meM citta ko ekAgra banAnA, dUsare ke dhana ke apahAra kA mArga socanA, parigraha kI rakSA kA ciMtana karanA Adi raudradhyAna meM Ate haiM. raudradhyAna sAdhaka kI dRSTi se aniSTa hai. jo dhyAna manuSya ko U~cA uThAte haiM ve dharma aura zukladhyAna haiM. aise dhyAna ke liye vajraRSabhanArAcasaMhanana jaisA baliSTha zarIra Avazyaka hotA hai. nirbala rogI tathA paMgu zarIra meM vaha sahanazakti nahIM hotI. isalie utkRSTa dhyAna ke liye svastha zarIra kA honA Avazyaka hai. dharmadhyAna jo dhyAna samatA ko bar3hAne aura dRr3ha karane ke liye kiyA jAtA hai vaha dharmadhyAna hai. isake liye jinhoMne rAgadveSAdi zatruoM para vijaya pAI hai, aise anubhavI puruSoM ke vacanoM kA, citra kA tathA unakI mUrti kA AlaMbana liyA jA sakatA hai. jaba manuSya AtmanirIkSaNa kara apane doSa yA kamajoriyoM ko samajhakara unheM dUra karane kI koziza karatA hai, rAga dveSAdi kaSAyoM ko apane vikAsa-patha meM bAdhaka samajhakara unheM dUra kara satyamArga para calane kA citana karatA hai, usapara apane citta ko kendrita kara abhyAsa bar3hAtA hai taba usa dhyAna ko dharmadhyAna kahA jA sakatA hai. zubha-azubha karmoM ke phala kA ciMtana zuddhi kI ora agrasara karane meM sahAyaka hotA hai. saMsAra kA svarUpa, usakI vizAlatA, zAzvatatA, sthiti yA vinAza-zIlatA kA ciMtana, vividha dravyoM kI parivartanazIlatA jAna lene para anAsakti bar3hatI hai. phira usameM vyAkulatA nahIM pAtI. isa taraha ke dhyAna se bhAvanAoM kI zuddhi hotI hai. anAsakti aura dharma ke ciMtana se Ayukarma ke bandhana DhIle par3a jAte haiM aura vaha zukladhyAna meM praveza kara pUrNa mAnavatA ko prApta hotA hai. vikAsakrama meM dharmadhyAna ke bAda zukladhyAna AtA hai. zukladhyAna sAdhaka jar3a-cetana ke bhedoM ko samajhakara citana karatA hai aura gaharAI meM jAkara paramANu tathA cetana dravya ke saMbaMdhoM kA bhinna-bhinna dRSTi se vicAra karatA hai to usake sadAcAra meM dRr3hatA Ane se cAritramohanIya karmoM kA nAza hotA hai. Jain Education Interational
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________________ riSabhadAsa rAMkA : jaina sAdhanA : 309 jar3a aura cetana dravya pRthak haiM, phira bhI saMyoga se mila gaye haiM. inameM se kisI eka tattva kA AlaMbana lekara usa para citta ko nizcala yA ekAgra kiyA jA sakatA hai. isase dhyAna meM ekAgratA AtI hai aura mana kI supta zaktiyoM kA vikAsa hotA hai. aneka viSayoM meM bhaTakanevAle mana ko ekAgra karane ke lie aisI upamA dI jAtI hai ki jaise cUlhe meM jalane vAlI eka eka lakar3I ke nikAla lene para apane Apa Aga bujha jAtI hai vaise hI mana ko caMcala banAne vAle eka eka viSaya ko dUra kara dene se caMcalatA dUra hokara vaha niSprakapa bana jAtA hai. AtmA para jo ajJAna ke AvaraNa the ve dUra hokara jJAna kA prakAza phaila jAtA hai. aisI avasthA prApta hone para zvAsocchvAsa Adi zArIrika kriyAeM calatI rahatI haiM para ve sahaja bhAva meM prAkRtika dharma ke rUpa meM calatI rahatI haiM. unase bandhana nahIM hotA. sAdhaka zaila kI taraha akaMpa bana jAtA hai jise jaina sAdhanA meM zailezI avasthA kahA hai. usa samaya aisI apUrva avasthA utpanna hotI hai jisameM andara aura bAhara kI samasta sUkSma aura sthUla kriyAeM ruka jAtI haiM. mana kA vyApAra bhI niruddha ho jAtA hai. AtmA pUrNa rUpa se paramAtmastha ho jAtA hai. yahIM sAdhanA kA anta hotA hai aura sAdhaka siddha bana jAtA hai. 0-0-0--0--0--0--0--0--0--0 Jain Education Intemational
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________________ DA. mohanalAla mehatA ema0 e0, pI-eca0 DI0 jainAcAra kI bhUmikA AcAra aura vicAra paraspara sambaddha hI nahIM eka-dUsare ke pUraka bhI haiM. saMsAra meM jitanI bhI jJAna-zAkhAe~ haiM, kisI na kisI rUpa meM AcAra athavA vicAra athavA donoM se sambaddha haiM. vyaktitva ke pUrNa vikAsa ke lie aisI jJAna-zAkhAe~ anivArya haiM jo vicAra kA vikAsa karane ke sAtha hI sAtha AcAra ko bhI gati pradAna kareM. dUsare zabdoM meM jina vidyAoM meM AcAra va vicAra, donoM ke bIja maujUda hoM ve hI vyaktitva kA vAstavika vikAsa kara sakatI haiM. jaba taka AcAra ko vicAroM kA sahayoga prApta na ho athavA vicAra AcAra rUpa meM pariNata na hoM taba taka jIvana kA yathArtha vikAsa nahIM ho sakatA. isI dRSTi se AcAra aura vicAra ko paraspara sambaddha evaM pUraka kahA jAtA hai. prAcAra aura vicAra vicAroM athavA AdarzoM kA vyAvahArika rUpa AcAra hai. AcAra kI AdhArazilA naitikatA hai. jo AcAra naitikatA para pratiSThita nahIM hai vaha Adarza AcAra nahIM kahA jA sakatA. aisA AcAra tyAjya hai. samAja meM dharma kI pratiSThA isIlie hai ki vaha naitikatA para pratiSThita hai. vAstava meM dharma kI utpatti manuSya ke bhItara rahI huI usa bhAvanA ke AdhAra para hI hotI hai jise hama naitikatA kahate haiM. naitikatA kA Adarza jitanA ucca hotA hai, dharma kI bhUmikA bhI utanI hI unnata hotI hai. naitikatA kevala bhautika athavA zArIrika mUlyoM taka hI sImita nahIM hotI. usakI dRSTi meM AdhyAtmika athavA mAnasika mUlyoM kA adhika mahattva hotA hai. saMkucita athavA sImita naitikatA kI apekSA vistRta athavA aparimita naitikatA adhika balavatI hotI hai. vaha vyaktitva kA yathArtha evaM pUrNa vikAsa karatI hai. dharma kA sAra AdhyAtmika sarjana athavA AdhyAtmika anubhUti hai. isa prakAra ke sarjana athavA anubhUti kA vistAra hI dharma kA vikAsa hai. jo prAcAra isa uddezya kI pUrti meM sahAyaka ho vahI dharmamUlaka prAcAra hai. isa prakAra kA prAcAra naitikatA kI bhAvanA ke abhAva meM saMbhava nahIM. jyoM-jyoM naitika bhAvanAoM kA vistAra hotA jAtA hai tyoM-tyoM dharma kA vikAsa hotA jAtA hai. isa prakAra kA dharmavikAsa hI AdhyAtmika vikAsa hai. AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI carama avasthA kA nAma hI mokSa athavA mukti hai. isa mUlabhUta siddhAnta athavA tathya ko samasta AtmavAdI bhAratIya darzanoM ne svIkAra kiyA hai. darzana kA sambandha vicAra athavA tarka se hai, jabaki dharma kA sambandha prAcAra athavA vyavahAra se hai. darzana hetuvAda para pratiSThita hotA hai jabaki dharma zraddhA para avalambita hotA hai. prAcAra ke lie zraddhA kI AvazyakatA hai jabaki vicAra ke lie tarka kI. prAcAra va vicAra athavA dharma va darzana ke sambandha meM do vicAradhArAe~ haiM. eka vicAradhArA ke anusAra AcAra va vicAra arthAt dharma va darzana abhinna haiM. inameM vastutaH koI bheda nahIM hai. prAcAra kI satyatA vicAra meM hI pAI jAtI hai evaM vicAra kA paryavasAna aAcAra meM hI dekhA jAtA hai. dUsarI vicAradhArA ke anusAra AcAra va 2 Jain Educa or Private & Personal Use Only
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________________ Jain Educ DA0 mohanalAla mehatA jainAcAra kI bhUmikA : 311 vicAra arthAt dharma va darzana eka-dUsare se bhinna hai tarkazIla vicAraka kA isase koI prayojana nahIM ki par3hAzIla AcaraNakartA kisa prakAra kA vyavahAra karatA hai. isI prakAra zraddhAzIla vyakti yaha nahIM dekhatA ki vicAraka kyA kahatA hai. taTastha dRSTi se dekhane para yaha pratIta hotA hai ki zrAcAra aura vicAra vyaktitva ke samAna zakti vAle anyonyAcita do pakSa hai. ina donoM pakSoM kA saMtulita vikAsa hone para hI vyaktitva kA vizuddha vikAsa hotA hai. isa prakAra ke vikAsa ko hama jJAna aura kriyA kA saMyukta vikAsa kaha sakate haiM jo duHkhamukti ke lie anivArya hai. AcAra aura vicAra kI anyonyAzritatA ko dRSTi meM rakhate hue bhAratIya cintakoM ne dharma va darzana kA sAtha-sAtha pratipAdana kiyA. unhoMne tattvajJAna ke sAtha hI sAtha grAcArazAstra kA bhI nirUpaNa kiyA evaM batAyA ki jJAnavihIna AcaraNa netrahIna puruSa kI gati ke samAna hai jabaki AcaraNarahita jJAna paMgu puruSa kI sthiti ke sadRza hai. jisa prakAra abhISTa sthAna para pahuMcane ke lie nirdoSa A~kheM va paira donoM Avazyaka haiM, usI prakAra AdhyAtmika siddhi ke lie doSarahita jJAna va cAritra donoM anivArya haiM. + bhAratIya vicAra- paramparAmroM meM AcAra va vicAra donoM ko samAna sthAna diyA gayA hai. udAharaNa ke lie mImAMsA paramparA kA eka pakSa pUrvamImAMsA AcArapradhAna hai jaba ki dUsarA pakSa uttaramImAMsA (vedAnta ) vicArapradhAna hai. sAMkhya aura yoga kramazaH vicAra aura AcAra kA pratipAdana karane vAle eka hI paramparA ke do aMga haiM. bauddha paramparA meM hInayAna aura mahAyAna ke rUpa meM prAcAra aura vicAra kI do dhArAe~ haiM. hInayAna AcArapradhAna hai tathA mahAyAna vicArapradhAna jaina paramparA meM bhI AcAra aura vicAra ko samAna sthAna diyA gayA hai. ahiMsAmUlaka pracAra evaM anekAntamUlaka vicAra kA pratipAdana jaina vicAradhArA kI vizeSatA hai. vaidika dRSTi bhAratIya sAhitya meM AcAra ke aneka rUpa upalabdha hote haiM. vaidika saMhitAoM meM lokajIvana kA jo pratibimba milatA hai| usase prakaTa hotA hai ki logoM meM prakRti ke kAryoM ke prati vicitra jijJAsA thI. unakI dhAraNA thI ki prakRti ke vividha kArya devoM ke vividha rUpa the, vividha devaprakRti ke vividha kAryoM ke rUpa meM abhivyakta hote the. ye deva apanI prasannatA athavA aprasannatA ke AdhAra para unakA hita kara sakate the aura isalie loga unheM prasanna rakhane athavA karane lie unakI stuti karate, unakI yazogAthA gAte. stuti karane kI prakriyA athavA paddhati kA dhIre-dhIre vikAsa huA evaM isa mAnyatA ne janma liyA ki amuka DhaMga se amuka prakAra ke uccAraNapUrvaka kI jAne vAlI stuti hI phalavatI hotI hai. pariNAmataH yajJayAgAdi kA prAdurbhAva huA evaM devoM ko prasanna karane kI eka viziSTa AcAra paddhati ne janma liyA. isa AcAra-paddhati kA prayojana logoM kI aihika sukha-samRddhi evaM surakSA thA. logoM ke hRdaya meM satya, dAna, zraddhA Adi ke prati mAna thA. vividha prakAra ke niyamoM, guNoM, daNDoM Adi ke pravartakoM ke rUpa meM vibhinna devoM kI kalpanA kI gaI. aupaniSadika rUpa upaniSadoM meM aihika sukha ko jIvana kA lakSya na mAnate hue zreyas ko paramArtha mAnA gayA hai tathA preyas ko heya evaM zreyas ko upAdeya batAyA gayA hai. isa jIvana ko antima satya na mAnate hue paramAtma tattva ko yathArthaM kahA gayA hai. Atmatattva kA svarUpa samajhAte hue ise zarIra, mana, indriyoM Adi se bhinna batAyA gayA hai. isI dArzanika bhitti para sadAcAra, saMtoSa, satya Adi Atmika guNoM kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai evaM inheM AtmAnubhUti ke lie Avazyaka batAyA gayA hai. ina guNoM ke AcaraNa se zreyas kI prApti hotI hai. zreyas ke mArga para calane vAle virale hI hote haiM. saMsAra ke samasta pralobhana zreyas ke sAmane nagaNya haiM - tuccha haiM sUtra, smRtiyA~ va dharmazAstra sUtroM, smRtiyoM va dharmazAstroM meM manuSya ke jIvana kI nizcita yojanA dRSTigocara hotI hai. inameM mAnava jIvana ke kartavyaakartavyoM ke viSaya meM vistArapUrvaka prakAza DAlA gayA hai. vaidika vidhi-vidhAnoM ke sAtha hI sAtha sAmAjika guNoM evaM www.jamendrary.org
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________________ 312 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya AdhyAtmika vizuddhiyoM kA bhI vicAra kiyA gayA hai. saMkSepa meM kahA jAya to inameM mautika sukhoM evaM Atmika guNoM kA samanvaya karane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai. sUtroM va dharmazAstroM meM mAnava jIvana ke cAra sopAna cAra Azrama nirdhArita kiye gaye haiM. jinake anusAra AcaraNa karane para manuSya kA jIvana saphala mAnA jAtA hai. ina cAra AzramoM ke pAribhASika nAma ye haiM : brahmacaryAzrama, gRhasthAzrama, vAnaprasthAzrama va saMnyAsAzrama. brahmacaryAzrama meM zArIrika va mAna sika anuzAsana kA abhyAsa kiyA jAtA hai jo sAre jIvana kI bhUmikA kA kAma karatA hai. gRhasthAzrama sAMsArika sukhoM ke anubhava va kartavyoM ke pAlana ke lie hai. vAnaprasthAzrama sAMsArika prapaMcoM ke AMzika tyAga kA pratIka hai. AdhyAtmika sukhoM kI prApti ke lie sAMsArika sukha-suvidhAoM ke hetu kiye jAne vAle prapaMcoM kA sarvathA tyAga karanA saMnyAsAzrama hai. prathama tIna AzramoM kA paryavasAna saMnyAsAzrama meM hI hotA hai. ina cAra AzramoM ke sAtha hI sAtha cAra prakAra ke varSo arthAt manuSyavargoM kA bhI nirdhAraNa kiyA gayA. ina vargoM ke kartavyAkartavyoM ke lie AcArasaMhitA bhI banAI gaI. AcAra ke do vibhAga kiye gaye saba varNoM ke lie sAmAnya AcAra aura pratyeka varNa ke lie vizeSa AcAra. jisa prakAra pratyeka Azrama ke lie vibhinna kartavyoM kA nirdhAraNa kiyA gayA, usI prakAra pratyeka varNa ke lie vibhinna kartavya nizcita kiye gaye, jaise brAhmaNa ke lie adhyayana-adhyApana, kSatriya ke lie rakSaNa- prazAsana, vaizya ke lie vyApAravyavasAya evaM zUdra ke lie sevA-zuzrUSA. isI vyavasthA arthAt AcArasaMhitA kA nAma varNAzramadharma athavA varNAzramavyavasthA hai. karma mukti bhAratIya AcArazAstra kA sAmAnya AdhAra karmasiddhAnta hai. karma kA artha hai cetanAzakti dvArA kI jAne vAlI kriyA kA kArya kAraNabhAva. jo kriyA arthAt AcAra isa kArya-kAraNa kI paramparA ko samApta karane meM sahAyaka hai vaha AcaraNIya hai. isase viparIta AcAra tyAjya hai. vividha dharmagraMthoM, darzanagranthoM evaM AcAragranthoM meM jo vidhiniSedha upalabdha haiM, isI siddhAnta para AdhArita haiM. yoga-vidyA kA vikAsa isa dizA meM eka mahAn prayatna hai, bhAratIya vicArakoM ne karmamukti ke lie jJAna, bhakti evaM dhyAna kA jo mArga batAyA hai vaha yoga kA hI mArga hai. jJAna, bhakti evaM dhyAna ko yoga kI hI saMjJA dI gaI hai. itanA hI nahIM, anAsakta karma ko bhI yoga kahA gayA hai. AtmaniyantraNa arthAt cittavRtti ke nirodha ke lie yoga anivArya hai. yoga cetanA kI usa avasthA kA nAma hai jisameM mana va indriyAM apane viSayoM se virata hone kA abhyAsa karate haiM. jyoM-jyoM yoga kI prakriyA kA vikAsa hotA jAtA hai tyoM-tyoM AtmA apane-Apa meM lIna hotI jAtI hai. yogI ko jisa Ananda va sukha kI anubhUti hotI hai vaha dUsaroM ke lie alabhya hai. vaha Ananda va sukha bAhya padArthoM para avalambita nahIM hotA apitu AtmAvalambita hotA hai. AtmA kA apanI svAbhAvika vizuddha avasthA meM nivAsa karanA hI vAstavika sukha hai. yaha sukha jise hamezA ke lie prApta ho jAtA hai vaha karmajanya sukhaduHkha se mukta ho jAtA hai. yahI mokSa, mukti athavA nirvANa hai. karma se mukta honA itanA AsAna nahIM hai. yoga kI sAdhanA karanA itanA sarala nahIM hai. isake lie dhIre-dhIre nirantara prayatna karanA par3atA hai. AcAra va vicAra kI aneka kaThina avasthAoM se gujaranA hotA hai. AcAra ke aneka niyamoM evaM vicAra ke aneka aMkuzoM kA pAlana karanA par3atA hai. isI tathya ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue vibhinna AtmavAdI darzanoM ne karmamukti ke lie AcAra ke vividha niyamoM kA nirmANa kiyA tathA AtmavikAsa ke vibhinna aMgoM tathA rUpoM kA pratipAdana kiyA. zrAtmavikAsa vedAnta meM sAmAnyatayA Atmika vikAsa ke sAta aMga athavA sopAna mAne gaye haiM. prathama aMga kA nAma zubha icchA hai. isameM vairAgya arthAt samyak patha para jAne kI bhAvanA hotI hai. dvitIya aMga vicAraNArUpa hai. isameM zAstrAdhyayana, satsaMgati tathA tattva kA mUlyAMkana hotA hai. tRtIya aMga tanumAnasa rUpa haiM jisameM iMdriyoM aura viSayoM ke prati anAsakti hotI Jain Education Intergal ivd Arvales Vertual usSONY atthinaary.org
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________________ DA0 mohanalAla mehatA : jainAcAra kI bhUmikA : 313 hai. isake bAda kI jo avasthA hai usameM mAnasika viSayoM kA nirodha prArambha hokara mana kI zuddhi hotI hai. isa avasthA kA nAma satyApatti hai. isake bAda padArthabhAvanI avasthA AtI hai jisameM bAhya vastuoM kA mana para koI prabhAva nahIM par3atA. sAtavAM aMga turIyagA kahalAtA hai. isameM padArthoM kA mana se koI sambandha hI nahIM rahatA tathA AtmA kA sat cit va AnandarUpa brahma se ekAkAra ho jAtA hai. yaha avasthA nirvikalpaka samAdhirUpa hai. yogadarzana kA aSTAMga yoga prasiddha hI hai. prathama aMga yama meM ahiMsA, satya, asteya brahmacarya va aparigraha kA samAveza hotA hai. dvitIya aMga niyama meM zauca, santoSa, tapa, svAdhyAya va IzvarapraNidhAna kA samAveza kiyA jAtA hai. tRtIya aMga kA nAma Asana hai. caturtha aMga prANAyAmarUpa hai. pAMcavAM aMga pratyAhAra, chaThA dhAraNA, sAtavAM dhyAna va AThavAM samAdhi kahalAtA hai. nirvikalpa samAdhi AtmavikAsa kI aMtima avasthA hotI hai, jisameM AtmA apane svAbhAvika rUpa meM avasthita ho jAtI hai. karmapatha mImAMsA va smRtiyoM Adi meM kriyAkANDa para adhika bhAra diyA gayA hai jabaki sAMkhya yoga, nyAya-vaizeSika, vedAnta Adi Atmazuddhi para vizeSa jora dete haiM. bauddhoM ke anusAra hamArI samasta pravRttiyA~ do prakAra kI hotI haiM-jJAta aura ajJAta. inheM bauddha paribhASA meM vijJapti aura avijJapti kahA jAtA hai. jaba koI vyakti parokSa arthAt ajJAta rUpa se kisI anya dvArA kisI prakAra kA pApakArya karatA hai to vaha avijJapti-karma karatA hai. jo jAnabUjha kara arthAt jJAtarUpa se pApakriyA karatA hai vaha vijJapti karma karatA hai. yahI bAta zubha pravRtti ke viSaya meM bhI hai. ataH zIla bhI vijJapti va avijJapti rUpa do prakAra kA hai. bauddha darzana ke anusAra pratyeka kriyA ke tIna bhAga hote haiM-prayoga, karmapatha aura pRSTha. kriyA kI taiyArI karanA prayoga hai. vAstavika kriyA karmapatha hai. anugAminI kriyA kA nAma pRSTha hai. udAharaNa ke rUpa meM corI ko leM. jaba koI corI karanA cAhatA hai to apane sthAna se uThatA hai, Avazyaka sAdhana-sAmagrI letA hai, dUsare ke ghara jAtA hai, cupacApa ghara meM ghusatA hai, rupaye-paise va anya vastueM DhUMDhatA hai aura unheM vahAM se uThAtA hai. yaha saba prayoga ke antargata hai. corI kA sAmAna lekara vaha ghara se bAhara nikalatA hai, yahI karmapatha hai. usa sAmAna ko vaha apane sAthiyoM meM bAMTatA hai, becatA hai athavA chipAtA hai. ye tInoM prakAra vijJapti va avijJaptirUpa hote haiM. itanA hI nahIM, eka prakAra kA karmapatha dUsare prakAra ke karmapatha kA prayoga athavA pRSTha bana sakatA hai. isI prakAra anya pApoM evaM zubha kriyAoM ke bhI tIna vibhAga kara lene cAhie. vastutaH prayoga, karmapatha va pRSTha pravRti kI athavA AcAra kI tIna avasthAeM haiM. inheM pravRtti ke tIna sopAna bhI kaha sakate haiM. kisa prakAra kI pravRtti arthAt karma se kisa prakAra kA phala prApta hotA hai, isakA bhI bauddha sAhitya meM pUrI taraha vicAra kiyA gayA hai. yaha vicAra bauddha AcArazAstra kI bhUmikArUpa hai. jainAcAra va jaMna vicAra jainAcAra kI mUla bhitti karmavAda hai. isI para jainoM kA ahiMsAvAda, aparigrahavAda evaM anIzvaravAda pratiSThita hai. karma kA sAdhAraNa artha kArya, pravRtti athavA kriyA hai. karmakANDI, yajJa Adi kriyAoM ko karma kahate haiM. paurANika vrata niyama Adi ko karmarUpa mAnate haiM. jaina paramparA meM karma do prakAra kA mAnA gayA hai -dravyakarma va bhAvakarma. kArmaNa pudgala arthAt jar3atattva vizeSa jo ki jIva ke sAtha mila kara karma ke rUpa meM pariNata hotA hai, dravyakarma kahalAtA hai. yaha Thosa padArtharUpa hotA hai. dravyakarma kI yaha mAnyatA jaina karmavAda kI vizeSatA hai. grAtmA ke arthAt prANI ke rAga-dveSAtmaka pariNAma arthAt cittavRtti ko bhAvakarma kahate haiM. dUsare zabdoM meM prANI ke bhAvoM ko bhAvakarma tathA bhAvoM dvArA AkRSTa sUkSma bhautika paramANuoM ko dravyakarma kahate haiM. yaha eka mUlabhUta siddhAnta hai ki AtmA aura karma kA sambandha pravAhataH anAdi hai. prANI anAdi kAla se karmaparamparA meM par3A huA hai. caitanya aura jar3a kA yaha sammizraNa anAdikAlIna hai. jIva purAne karmoM kA vinAza karatA huA navIna karmoM kA upArjana karatA jAtA hai. jaba taka usake pUrvopArjita samasta karma naSTa nahIM ho jAte-AtmA se alaga nahIM ho jAte tathA navIna karmoM kA upArjana baMda nahIM ho jAtA nayA baMdha ruka nahIM jAtA taba F&PSO Use Only ww
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________________ 314 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya -0-0-0--0--0--0-0--01-0-0 taka usakI bhavabhramaNa se mukti nahIM hotI. eka bAra samasta karmoM kA nAza ho jAne para punaH navIna karmoM kA Agamana nahIM hotA kyoMki usa avasthA meM karmopArjana kA koI kAraNa vidyamAna nahIM rahatA. AtmA kI isI avasthA kA nAma mokSa, mukti, nirvANa athavA siddhi hai. isa avasthA meM AtmA apane asalI rUpa meM rahatA hai. AtmA kA yahI rUpa jainadarzana kA Izvara hai. paramezvara athavA paramAtmA isase bhinna koI vizeSa vyakti nahIM hai. jo AtmA hai vahI paramAtmA hai. 'je appA se paramappA.' karmavAda, niyativAda athavA anivAryatAvAda nahIM hai. karmasiddhAnta yaha nahIM mAnatA ki prANI ko niyata samaya meM upAjita karma kA phala bhoganA hI par3atA hai athavA navIna karma kA upArjana karanA hI par3atA hai. yaha satya hai ki prANI ko svopArjita karma kA phala avazya bhoganA par3atA hai kintu isameM usake pazcAtkAlIna parAkrama, puruSArtha athavA AtmavIrya ke anusAra nyUnAdhikatA tathA zIghratA athavA derI ho sakatI hai. isI prakAra vaha navIna karma kA upArjana karane meM bhI amuka sImA taka svatantra hotA hai. Antarika zakti tathA AcAra kI paristhiti ko dRSTi meM rakhate hue vyakti amuka sImA taka naye karmoM ke Agamana ko roka sakatA hai. isa prakAra jaina karmasiddhAnta meM sImita icchAsvAtantrya svIkAra kiyA gayA hai. karmabandha va karmamukti jaina karmavAda meM karmopArjana ke do kAraNa mAne gaye haiM-yoga aura kaSAya. zarIra, vANI aura mana ke sAmAnya vyApAra ko jaina paribhASA meM yoga kahate haiM. dUsare zabdoM meM jaina paribhASA meM prANI kI pravRttisAmAnya kA nAma yoga hai. kaSAya mana kA vyApAravizeSa hai. yaha krodhAdi mAnasika AvegarUpa haiM. yaha loka karma kI yogyatA rakhane vAle paramANuoM se bharA huA hai. jaba prANI apane mana, vacana athavA tana se kisI prakAra kI pravRtti karatA hai taba usake Asa-pAsa rahe hue karmayogya paramANuoM kA AkarSaNa hotA hai arthAt AtmA apane cAroM ora rahe hue karma-paramANuoM ko karmarUpa se grahaNa karatA hai. isa prakriyA kA nAma Asrava hai. kaSAya ke kAraNa karmaparamANuoM kA AtmA se mila jAnA arthAt AtmA ke sAtha baMdha jAnA baMdha kahalAtA hai. vaise to pratyeka prakAra kA yoga arthAt pravRtti karmabaMdha kA kAraNa hai kintu jo yoga krodhAdi kaSAya se yukta hotA hai usase hone vAlA karmabaMdha dRr3ha hotA hai. kaSAyarahita pravRtti se hone vAlA karmabaMdha nirbala va asthAyI hotA hai. yaha nAmamAtra kA baMdha hai. isase saMsAra nahIM bar3hatA. yoga arthAt pravRtti kI taratamatA ke anusAra karmaparamANuoM kI mAtrA meM tAratamya hotA hai. baddha paramANuoM kI rAzi ko pradeza-bandha kahate haiM. ina paramANuoM kI vibhinna svabhAva rUpa pariNati ko arthAt vibhinna kAryarUpa kSamatA ko prakRti-bandha kahate haiM. karmaphala kI mukti kI avadhi arthAt karma bhogane ke kAla ko sthiti-bandha tathA karmaphala kI tIvratA-mandatA ko anubhAga-bandha kahate haiM. karma baMdhane ke bAda jaba taka ve phala denA prArambha nahIM karate taba taka ke kAla ko abAdhAkAla kahate haiM. karmaphala kA prArambha hI karma kA udaya hai. jyoM-jyoM karmoM kA udaya hotA jAtA hai tyoM-tyoM karma AtmA se alaga hote jAte haiM. isI prakriyA kA nAma nirjarA hai. jaba AtmA se samasta karma alaga ho jAte haiM taba usakI jo avasthA hotI hai use mokSa kahate haiM. jaina karmazAstra meM prakRti-bandha ke ATha prakAra mAne gaye haiM arthAt karma kI mUla prakRtiyA~ ATha ginAI gaI haiM. ye prakRtiyA~ prANI ko bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke anukUla evaM pratikUla phala pradAna karatI haiM. inake nAma isa prakAra haiM-1. jJAnAvaraNIya 2. darzanAvaraNIya, 3. vedanIya, 4. mohanIya, 5. Ayu, 6. nAma, 7. gotra, 8. antarAya. inameM se jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya va antarAya-ye cAra prakRtiyAM ghAtI kahalAtI haiM kyoMki inase AtmA ke cAra mUla guNoM--jJAna, darzana, sukha aura vIrya kA ghAta hotA hai. zeSa cAra prakRtiyA~ aghAtI haiM kyoMki ye kisI AtmaguNa kA ghAta nahIM karatIM. ye zarIra se sambandhita hotI haiM. jJAnAvaraNIya prakRti AtmA ke jJAna arthAt vizeSa upayogarUpa guNa ko AvRta karatI hai. darzanAvaraNIya prakRti AtmA ke darzana arthAt sAmAnya upayogarUpa guNa ko AcchAdita karatI hai. mohanIya prakRti T10/ IDIO Jain Education Intemational
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________________ 0-0-0-0--0-0--0--0--0-0 DA. mohanalAla mehatA : jainAcAra kI bhUmikA : 315 AtmA ke svAbhAvika sukha meM bAdhA pahuMcAtI hai. antarAya prakRti se vIrya arthAt Atmazakti kA nAza hotA hai. vedanIya karmaprakRti zarIra ke anukUla evaM pratikUla saMvedana arthAt sukha-duHkha ke anubhava kA kAraNa hai. Ayu karmaprakRti ke kAraNa naraka, tiryaca deva evaM manuSya bhava ke kAla kA nirdhAraNa hotA hai. nAma karma prakRti ke kAraNa narakAdi gati, ekendriyAdi jAti,audArikAdi zarIra Adi kI prApti hotI hai. gotra karmaprakRti prANiyoM ke laukika uccatva evaM nIcatva kA kAraNa hai. karma kI sattA mAnane para punarjanma kI sattA bhI mAnanI par3atI hai. punarjanma athavA paraloka karma kA phala hai. mRtyu ke vAda prANI apane gati nAma karma ke anusAra punaH manuSya, tiryaJca, naraka athavA deva gati meM utpanna hotA hai. AnupUrvI nAma karma use apane utpattisthAna para pahuMcA detA hai. sthAnAntaraNa ke samaya jIva ke sAtha do prakAra ke sUkSma zarIra rahate haiM: taijasa aura kArmaNa. audArikAdi sthUla zarIra kA nirmANa apane utpattisthAna para pahuMcane ke bAda prArambha hotA hai. isa prakAra jaina karmazAstra meM punarjanma kI sahaja vyavasthA kI gaI hai. karmabandha kA kAraNa kaSAya arthAt rAga-dveSajanya pravRtti hai. isase viparIta pravRtti karmamukti kA kAraNa banatI hai. karmamukti ke lie do prakAra kI kriyAe~ Avazyaka haiM :-navIna karma ke upArjana kA nirodha evaM pUrvopArjita karmakA kSaya. prathama prakAra kI kriyA kA nAma saMvara tathA dvitIya prakAra kI kriyA kA nAma nirjarA hai. ye donoM kriyAeM kramazaH Asrava tathA bandha se viparIta haiM. ina donoM kI pUrNatA se AtmA kI jo sthiti hotI hai arthAt AtmA jisa avasthA ko prApta hotI hai use mokSa kahate haiM. yahI karmamukti hai. navIna karmoM ke upArjana kA nirodha arthAt saMvara nimna kAraNoM se hotA hai:-gupti, samiti, dharma, anuprekSA, parISahajaya, cAritra va tapasyA. samyak yoganigraha arthAt mana, vacana va tana kI pravRtti kA suSThu niyantraNa gupti hai. samyak calanA, bolanA, khAnA, lenA-denA Adi samiti kahalAtA hai. uttama prakAra kI kSamA, mRdutA, RjutA, zuddhatA Adi dharma ke antargata haiM. anuprekSA meM anityatva, azaraNatva, ekatva Adi bhAvanAoM kA samAveza hotA hai. kSudhA, pipAsA, sardI, garmI Adi kaSToM ko sahana karanA parISahajaya hai. cAritra, sAmAyika Adi bheda se pAMca prakAra kA hai. tapa bAhya bhI hotA hai va Abhyantara bhI. anazana Adi bAhya tapa haiM, prAyazcitta Adi Abhyantara tapa kahalAtA hai. tapa se saMvara ke sAthasAtha nirjarA bhI hotI hai. saMvara va nirjarA kA paryavasAna mokSa-karmamukti meM hotA hai. prAtmavAda karmavAda kA AtmavAda se sAkSAt sambandha hai. yadi AtmA kI pRthak sattA na mAnI jAya to karmavAda kI mAnyatA nirarthaka siddha hotI hai. jaina AcArazAstra meM karmavAda ke AdhArabhUta AtmavAda kI bhI pratiSThA kI gaI hai. AtmA kA lakSaNa upayoga hai. upayoga kA artha hai bodharUpa vyApAra. yaha vyApAra caitanya kA dharma hai. jar3a padArthoM meM upayoga-kriyA kA abhAva hotA hai kyoMki unameM caitanya nahIM hotA, upayoga arthAt bodha do prakAra kA hai:-jJAna aura darzana. sukha aura vIrya bhI caitanya kA hI dharma hai. isIlie AtmA ko ananta-catuSTayAtmaka mAnA gayA hai. ananta catuSTaya ye haiM--ananta jJAna, ananta darzana, ananta sukha aura ananta vIrya. baddha arthAt saMsArI AtmA meM jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya aura antarAya karma ke sampUrNa kSaya se kramazaH vizeSa bodharUpa ananta jJAna, sAmAnya bodharUpa ananta darzana, alaukika AnandarUpa ananta sukha va AdhyAtmika zaktirUpa ananta vIrya prAdurbhUta hotA hai. mukta AtmA meM ye cAra ananta-anantacatuSTaya sarvadA bane rahate haiM. saMsArI AtmA svadehaparimANa evaM paudgalika karmoM se mukta hotI hai, sAtha hI pariNamanazIla, kartA, bhoktA evaM sImita upayogayukta hotI hai. ahiMsA aura aparigraha jainAcAra kA prANa ahiMsA hai, ahiMsaka AcAra evaM vicAra se hI AdhyAtmika utthAna hotA hai jo karmamukti kA kAraNa hai. ahiMsA kA jitanA sUkSma vivecana evaM AcaraNa jaina paramparA meM upalabdha hai utanA zAyada hI kisI jainetara paramparA meM ho, ahiMsA kA mUlAdhAra AtmasAmya hai. pratyeka AtmA-cAhe vaha pRthvI sambandhI ho, cAhe usakA Azraya jala ho, LADKAN Jal Education mameindiary.org
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________________ 316 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya cAhe vaha kITa athavA pataMga ke rUpa meM ho, cAhe vaha pazu athavA pakSI meM ho, cAhe usakA vAsa mAnava meM ho---tAtvika dRSTi se samAna hai. sukha-duHkha kA anubhava pratyeka prANI ko hotA hai. jIvana-maraNa kI pratIti sabako hotI hai. sabhI jIva jInA cAhate haiM. vAstava meM koI bhI marane kI icchA nahIM karatA. jisa prakAra hameM jIvana priya hai evaM maraNa apriya, sukha priya hai evaM duHkha apriya, anukUlatA priya hai evaM pratikUlatA apriya, mRdutA priya hai evaM kaThoratA apriya, svatantratA priya hai evaM paratantratA apriya, lAbha priya hai evaM hAni apriya, usI prakAra anya jIvoM ko bhI jIvana Adi priya haiM evaM maraNa Adi apriya. isIlie hamArA kartavya hai ki hama mana se bhI kisI ke badha Adi kI bAta na soceM. zarIrase kisI kI hatyA karanA athavA kisI ko kisI prakAra kA kaSTa pahu~cAnA to pApa hai hI, mana athavA vacana se isa prakAra kI pravRtti karanA bhI pApa hai. mana, vacana aura kAyA se kisI ko saMtApa na pahu~cAnA saccI ahiMsA hai, pUrNa ahiMsA hai. vanaspati Adi ekendriya jIvoM se lekara mAnava taka ke prati ahiMsaka AcaraNa kI bhAvanA jaina vicAradhArA kI anupama vizeSatA hai. ise ahiMsaka AcAra kA carama utkarSa kaha sakate haiM. AcAra kA yaha ahiMsaka vikAsa jaina saMskRti kI amUlya nidhi hai. ahiMsA ko kendrabindu mAnakara amRSAvAda, asteya, amaithuna evaM aparigraha kA vikAsa huA. Atmika vikAsa meM bAdhaka karmabaMdha ko rokane tathA baddha karma ko naSTa karane ke lie ahiMsA tathA tadAdhArita amRSAvAda Adi kI anivAryatA svIkAra kI gaI. isameM vyakti evaM samAja donoM kA hita nihita hai. vaiyaktika utthAna evaM sAmAjika utkarSa ke lie asatya kA tyAga, anadhikRta vastu kA agrahaNa tathA saMyama kA paripAlana Avazyaka hai. inake abhAva meM ahiMsA kA vikAsa nahIM ho pAtA. pariNAmata: AtmavikAsa meM bahuta bar3I bAdhA upasthita hotI hai. ina sabake sAtha aparigraha kA vrata atyAvazyaka hai. parigraha ke sAtha AtmavikAsa kI ghora zatrutA hai. jahAM parigraha rahatA hai vahAM AtmavikAsa kA mArga avaruddha ho jAtA hai. itanA hI nahIM, parigraha manuSya ke Atmapatana kA bahuta bar3A kAraNa banatA hai parigraha kA artha hai pApa kA saMgraha. yaha Asakti se bar3hatA hai evaM Asakti ko bar3hAtA bhI hai. isI kA nAma mUrchA hai. jyoM-jyoM parigraha bar3hatA hai tyoMtyoM mUrchA-gRddhi-Asakti bar3hatI jAtI hai. jitanI adhika Asakti bar3hatI hai utanI hI adhika hiMsA bar3hatI hai. yahI hiMsA mAnava-samAja meM vaiSamya utpanna karatI hai. isIse Atmapatana bhI hotA hai. aparigrahavRtti ahiMsAmUlaka AcAra ke samyak paripAlana ke lie anivArya hai. anekAntadRSTi jisa prakAra jaina vicArakoM ne AcAra meM ahiMsA ko pradhAnatA dI usI prakAra unhoMne vicAra meM anekAntadRSTi ko mukhyatA dI. anekAntadRSTi kA artha hai vastu kA sarvatomukhI vicAra. vastu meM aneka dharma hote haiM. unameM se kisI eka dharma kA Agraha na rakhate hue arthAt ekAntadRSTi na rakhate hue apekSAbheda se saba dharmoM ke sAtha samAna rUpa se nyAya karanA anekAntadRSTi kA kArya hai. aneka dharmAtmaka vastu ke kathana ke lie 'syAt' zabda kA prayoga Avazyaka hai. 'syAt' kA artha hai kathaMcit arthAt kisI eka apekSA se kisI eka dharma kI dRSTi se. vastu ke aneka dharmoM arthAt ananta guNoM meM se kisI eka dharma arthAt guNa kA vicAra usa dRSTi se hI kiyA jAtA hai. isI prakAra usake dUsare dharma kA vicAra dUsarI dRSTi se kiyA jAtA hai. isa prakAra vastu ke dharma-bheda se dRSTi-bheda paidA hotA hai. dRSTikoNa ke isa apekSAvAda athavA sApekSavAda kA nAma hI syAdvAda hai. cUMki syAdvAda se aneka dharmAtmaka arthAt anekAntAtmaka vastu kA kathana yA vicAra hotA hai ataH syAdvAda kA apara nAma anekAntavAda hai. isa prakAra syAdvAda va anekAntavAda jainadarzanAbhita sApekSavAda ke hI do nAma haiM. jainadharma meM anekAntavAda ke do rUpa milate haiM--sakalAdeza aura vikalAdeza. sakalAdeza kA artha hai vastu ke kisI eka dharma se taditara samasta dharmoM kA abheda karake samagra vastu kA kathana karanA. dUsare zabdoM meM vastu ke kisI eka guNa meM usake zeSa samasta guNoM kA saMgraha karanA sakalAdeza hai. udAharaNArtha 'syAdastyeva sarvam' arthAt kathaMcit saba hai hI' aisA jaba kahA jAtA hai to usakA artha yaha hotA hai ki astitva ke atirikta anya jitane bhI dharma haiM, saba kisI dRSTi se Jain Edulation Intem Magarmendrary.org
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________________ DA. mohanalAla mehatA : jainAcAra kI bhUmikA : 317 astitva se abhinna haiM. isI prakAra, nAstitva Adi dharmoM kA bhI taditara dharmoM se abheda karake kathana kiyA jAtA hai. yaha abheda kAla, AtmarUpa, artha, sambandha, upakAra Adi ATha dRSTiyoM se hotA hai. jisa samaya kisI vastu meM astitva dharma hotA hai usI samaya anya dharma bhI hote haiM. ghaTa meM jisa samaya astitva rahatA hai usI samaya kRSNatva, sthUlatva Adi dharma bhI rahate haiM. ataH kAla kI dRSTi se astitva va anya guNoM meM abheda hai. yahI bAta zeSa sAta dRSTiyoM ke viSaya meM bhI samajhanI cAhiye. vastu ke svadravya-kSetra-kAla-bhAva se astitva dharma kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai evaM paradravya-kSetrakAla-bhAva se nAstitva dharma kA. sakalAdeza meM eka dharma meM azeSa dharmoM kA abheda karake sakala arthAt sampUrNa vastu kA kathana kiyA jAtA hai. vikalAdeza meM kisI eka dharma kI hI apekSA rahatI hai aura zeSa kI upekSA. jisa dharma kA kathana karanA hotA hai vahI dharma dRSTi ke sanmukha rahatA hai. anya dharmoM kA niSedha to nahIM hotA kiMtu prayojanAbhAva ke kAraNa unake prati upekSAbhAva avazya rahatA hai. vikala arthAt apUrNa vastu ke kathana ke kAraNa ise vikalAdeza kahA jAtA hai. isa prakAra ahiMsA aura anekAntavAda kI mUla bhitti para hI jainAcAra ke bhavya bhavana kA nirmANa huA hai. -0-0-0-0-0--0--0-0-0-0 Jain Education Intemational
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________________ DA. jagadIzacandra jaina ema0 e0, pI-eca0 DI0 mahAvIra aura unake siddhAnta kalpanA kIjiye Aja se aDhAI hajAra varSa pahale ke jIvana kI usa samaya kI Arthika,sAmAjika aura dhArmika paristhitiyoM kI. AjakI apekSA usa samaya kI Arthika paristhitiyA~ sImita thIM, jinakA prabhAva tatkAlIna samAjavyavasthA para par3anA avazyaMbhAvI thA. yAtAyAta, banija-vyApAra ke sAdhana bahuta ala the jisase dUra ke logoM ke sAtha saMparka rakhanA kaThina thA. devI devatAoM sambandhI aneka mAnyatAyeM pracalita thIM. khetI-bArI aura banija-vyApAra meM samRddhi prApta karane aura paraloka meM zAnti prApta karane ke liye loga yajJa-yAgoM meM pazu-hiMsA ko dharma mAnate the. manuSyoM ke varNa arthAt raMgabheda para AdhArita aura kArya-vibhAjana ke liye upayogI vedakAlIna varNa-vyavasthA, badalatI huI Arthika aura sAmAjika paristhitiyoM ke kAraNa ahitakara siddha ho rahI thI. manuSya-manuSya meM antara bar3ha rahA thA. jJAtRputra mahAvIra ne aise hI samaya meM vaizAlI nagarI ke kuMDagrAma meM janma lekara bihAra kI bhUmi ko pavitra kiyA thA. vaizAlI meM licchivI gaNa kA rAjya thA jahA~ ki rAjasattA nAgarikoM dvArA cune hue aneka gaNarAjAoM ke adhikAra meM thI. vardhamAna ke pitA siddhArtha vaizAlI ke aise hI gaNamAnya rAjAoM meM se the. unakI mA~ trizalA licchivI gharAne kI thI. 'pUta ke pAMva pAlane meM hI dIkha jAte haiM' isa kahAvata ke anusAra vardhamAna zurU se hI kuzAgra buddhi the. koI cIja jAnane aura samajhane meM unheM dera na lagatI thI. ve apane mAtA-pitA aura gurujanoM ke AjJAkArI aura saMyamI prakRti ke the. dUsare ko dukhI dekha unakA hRdaya pighala jAtA aura dukhiyoM kA dukha dUra karane ke liye ve sadA prayatnazIla rahate. vardhamAna bar3e vIra aura sAhasI the. unake vIratApUrNa kRtyoM se mugdha hokara hI loga unheM mahAvIra kahane lage the. mahAvIra kA mana saMsAra meM nahIM lagatA thA. saMsAra ke anyAya aura atyAcAroM ko dekha unakA komala hRdaya ro uThatA. jitanA hI ve vicAra karate utanA hI unheM yaha saMsAra dukhamaya pratIta hotA. kahIM ve dhana-sampatti kI lAlasA se yuddha meM saMlagna gaNarAjAoM ko dekhate, kahIM unheM rAjakara aura rAjadaNDa se pIr3ita loga dikhAI dete aura kahIM RNa-bhAra, akAla aura durbhikSa se grasta yaMtra kI nAI calate-phirate mAnava najara Ate. kahIM pazu se bhI badatara jIvana vyatIta karane vAle dAsa the, kahIM samAja se bahiSkRta nIca samajhe jAne vAle zUdra, aura kahIM manuSyocita adhikAroM se vaMcita apanA sarvasva samarpaNa kara dene vAlI nAriyA~. dharma ke nAma para ADambara aura zuSka kriyAkANDa phailA huA thA tathA jAti-mada se unmatta bane uccavarNa ke loga apane hI dharma-karma ko sarvotkRSTa pratipAdana karate the. yaha saba dekhakara mahAvIra ke bhAvuka hRdaya meM uthala-puthala maca gaI. ekAMta meM ghaNToM baiTha ve bar3I gaMbhIratA se jIvana kI samasyAoM para vicAra karate, lekina koI rAstA unheM na sUjhatA. aneka bAra unhoMne gRhatyAga kara dIkSA grahaNa karane kA vicAra kiyA lekina gharavAloM kI anujJA na milane se vicAra sthagita kara denA par3A. mahAvIra aba tIsa varSa ke ho gaye the. unhoMne socA-aise to sArI umra bIta jAyegI. Akhira unhoMne lokakalyANa karane kA nizcaya kara liyA. unhoMne eka se eka sundara, nAka ke zvAsa se ur3a jAne vAle komala vastroM aura bahumUlya AbhUSaNoM ko tyAga diyA, sonA-cAMdI aura maNi-muktAoM ko chor3a diyA, svAdiSTa bhojana-pAna ko tilAMjali de dI, apane mitroM ko tyAga diyA, bhAI-bandhuoM ko chor3a diyA aura svajana-sambandhiyoM kI anumati pUrvaka, pAlakI meM savAra ho, jJAtRkhaMDa nAmaka udyAna meM pahu~ca, zramaNa-dIkSA svIkAra kI. mahAvIra ne bAraha varSa se adhika samaya taka ghora tapa kiyA. ve zUnyagRhoM, udyAnoM, zmazAnoM athavA vRkSoM ke nIce ekAsana Hri Jad Educationem D eparmona-motam w ww.interbrary.org
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________________ jAte the. DA0 jagadIzacandra : mahAvIra aura unake siddhAnta : 316 se khar3e rahate. koI unheM kaThora vacana kahatA to mauna bhAva se sahana karate. bhojana-pAna meM unheM Asakti nahIM raha gaI thI, apane liye taiyAra na kiyA huA, rUkhA-sUkhA bhojana khAkara hI ve kAma calA lete the. kaI dina taka ve upavAse rahate. bImAra par3ane para cikitsA na karAte. kabhI koI aisA kAma na karate jisase kisI ko kaSTa pahu~ce. mahAvIra kI tapazcaryA aura sahiSNutA mahAn bhI jise dekhakara bar3e-bar3e sAdhu-muniyoM ke Asana ho apane dIrghakAlIna tapasvI jIvana meM mahAvIra ne dUra-dUra taka yAtrA kI. bihAra meM ghUmeM pUrvIpa uttarapradeza ke banArasa, sAketa, zrAvastI aura kauzAMbI Adi nagaroM ko unhoMne apane pAda - vihAroM se pavitra kiyA. lekina sabase adhika kaSTa unheM pazcimI baMgAla ke lADha deza meM sahana karanA par3A. isa deza meM anArya jAtiyAM basatI thIM aura ve zramaNoM ke AcAravicAra ko heya samajhatI thIM. lekina mahAvIra yAtanAoM se jarA bhI na ghabarAye aura apane uddezya para aTala rahe parizrama kA phala mIThA hotA hai. Akhira eka dina jaMbhiyagrAma meM bAlukA nadI ke kinAre dhyAna-mudrA meM avasthita mahAvIra ne bodha prApta kiyA- unake jJAna cakSu khula gaye. kevalajJAna prApta karane ke bAda mahAvIra kI khyAti dUra-dUra taka phaila gaI. jana-samUha unake darzana ke liye umar3a par3A. koI unakA upadeza sunane koI kurAna vArtA pUchane, koI zaMkAnivAraNa karane aura koI kautUhala vRtti zAMta karane ke lie AyA. vaidika darzana ke prakANDa paMDita artha nirNaya ke liye unake samIpa upasthita hue. mahAvIra kI vidvattA aura sarvatomukhI pratibhA se cakita hokara unhoMne unakA ziSyatva svIkAra kiyA. Age calakara ye hI ziSya gaNadhara pada se vibhUSita kiye gaye. gaNa aura saMgha ke Adarza para mahAvIra ne apane anuyAyiyoM ko cAra saMghoM meM vibhAjita kiyA thA - sAdhu-sAdhvI aura zrAvaka-zrAvikA saMgha ke saMgaThana ko dRr3ha banAne ke liye cAroM ke cAra netA cune gaye jisase saMgha susaMgaThita rUpa se Age bar3hatA rahA. nirgrantha zramaNa, maThoM yA upAzrayoM meM rahate aura saikaDoM kI saMkhyA meM eka sAtha vihAra karate. varSA Rtu meM cAra mahIne ve eka sthAna para Thaharate, bAkI ATha mahIne jana-pada vihAra karate. vihAra karate samaya unheM deza-deza kI bhASAoM kA jJAna lokarivAjoM kA jJAna tathA jana sAdhAraNa ke manovijJAna kA paricaya Avazyaka thA. mahAvIra ne ahiMsA para sabase adhika jora diyA. isa samaya khetI-bArI meM unnati ho jAne se pazu-hiMsA ke sthAna para ahiMsA kI upayogitA svIkAra kI jAne lagI thI. mahAvIra kA kathana thA ki saba jIva sukha-zAMtipUrvaka rahanA cAhate haiM, isalie hameM kisI bhI prANI ko kaSTa nahIM pahu~cAnA cAhie. apane vikAroM para vijaya prApta karane, indriyoM kA damana karane aura apanI pravRttiyoM ko saMkucita karane ko hI ve vAstavika ahiMsA mAnate the. isalie unhoMne apane bhikSuoM ko bolanecAlane, uThane-baiThane, sone aura khAne pIne meM satata jAgarUka rahane kA upadeza diyA hai. mahAvIra kI mAnyatA thI ki yadi sone-cAMdI ke asaMkhya parvata bhI khar3e ho jAyeM to bhI manuSya kI tRSNA zAnta nahIM hotI isalie manuSya ko apanA parigraha kama karanA cAhie. unake anusAra saccA tyAgI vahI ho sakatA hai jo sundara aura priya bhogoM ko pAkara bhI unakI ora se pITha phera letA hai, unheM dhatA batA detA hai. mahAvIra Izvara ko sRSTi kA karttA nahIM mAnate. unake anusAra Atma-vikAsa kI sarvocca avasthA hI IzvarAvasthA hai. mahAvIra jAti-pAMti aura chuAchUta ke sakhta virodhI the. manuSya mAtra kI samAnatA para ve jora dete the. unhoMne bAra-bAra apane ziSyoM ko saMbodhana karake kahA thA-- he ziSyo ! saccA jaina athavA saccA brAhmaNa vahI hai jisane rAga-dveSa para vijaya prApta kI hai, jo pAMcoM indriyoM para nigraha rakhatA hai, jo mithyA bhASaNa nahIM karatA aura jo saba prANiyoM ke hita meM rata rahatA hai. vAstava meM karma se hI manuSya brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya aura zUdra hotA hai. janma se nahIM. mahAvIra ke nirgrantha dharma ko koI bhI pAla sakatA thA aura unhoMne svayaM mleccha, cora, DAkU, machue, aura vezyAoM Adi ko apane dharma meM dIkSita kiyA thA. Jain Emernational Samakon Only. mensary.org
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________________ 320 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya kevalajJAna hone ke pazcAt zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra tIsa varSa taka upadeza dete rahe. rAjagRha se vihAra karate-karate ve caturmAsa vyatIta karane ke liye pAvApurI padhAre. kArtika amAvasyA ko prAtaHkAla yakAyaka IsavI san pUrva 527 ke dina 72 varSa kI avasthA meM unakA upadeza banda ho gayA. aura amAvasyA kI rAtri ke pichale pahara meM unhoMne nirvANa pada pAyA. bAta kI bAta meM mahAvIra-nirvANa kI carcA sarvatra phaila gaI. bhuvana-pradIpa saMsAra se sadA ke liye bujha gayA. usa samaya kAzI kauzala ke malla aura licchivI gaNarAjA upasthita the. unhoMne isa punIta avasara para sarvatra dIpaka jalA kara dIpAvalI kA utsava manAyA. kisI ne kahA--saMsAra kI eka divya vibhUti uTha gaI hai, kisI ne kahA- aba durbaloM kA koI mitra nahIM rahA. kisI ne kahA-zramaNa bhagavAn Aja kUca kara gaye haiM to kyA ! ve hamAre liye bahuta kucha chor3a gaye haiM, unake sadupadezoM ko Age bar3hAne kA kAma hama kareMge, duniyA ko satpatha hama dikhAyeMge. Aja bhI aNuzakti ke isa yuga meM mahAvIra ke lokapriya siddhAnta vizva ko mArgadarzana karane aura hameM rASTra kI samasyAoM ko sulajhAne meM sahAyaka hoMge, isameM sandeha nahIM. lekina yaha kArya unake dharma ke tattva ko ThIka-ThIka samajha kara hRdayaMgama karane se ho sakatA hai. unake nAma para calI AI rUr3hiyoM ko pAlane se nahIM.' 000000 1. AkazavANI bambaI ke saujanya se. - Jain Education Interational Jain Education Intermational
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________________ AcArya zrItulasI sarvadharma samabhAva aura syAdvAda dharma eka hI hai isalie 'sarva-dharma' aisA prayoga sahI nahIM hai. jaba dharma aneka nahIM taba samabhAva kina para ho ? nizcayadRSTi se yaha dhAraNA ucita hai. vyavahAra kI dhAraNA isase bhinna hai. jaba hama dharma aura sampradAya ko eka hI zabda se abhihita karate haiM, taba dharma aneka ho jAte haiM aura una saba para samabhAva rakhane kA prazna bhI upasthita hotA hai. para pratiprazna yaha hai ki jo dharma sama nahIM haiM una para samabhAva kaise rakhA jAe? koI dharma ahiMsA kA samarthana karatA hai aura koI nahIM karatA. kyA una donoM ko sama-dRSTi se dekhA jAe? yaha kaise ho sakatA hai ? prakAza aura dhUmila ko sama nahIM mAnA jA sakatA. jo viSama haiM, unheM sama mAnanA mithyA dRSTikoNa hai. kintu syAdvAda ke saMdarbha meM samabhAva kA artha hogA apane bhAvoM kA samIkaraNa. jisakA dRSTikoNa anekAntasparzI hotA hai vahI vyakti pratyeka dharma ke satyAMza ko svIkAra aura asatyAMza kA parihAra karane meM sama (taTastha) raha sakatA hai. dharma ke vicAra aneka haiM. koI kAlavAdI hai, koI svabhAvavAdI. koI IzvaravAdI hai, koI yadRcchAvAdI. koI niyativAdI hai, koI puruSArthavAdI . koI karmavAdI hai, koI paristhitivAdI. koI pravRttivAdI hai, koI nivRttivAdI. zvetAzvatara-upaniSad meM ullekha hai ki-kAla, svabhAva, niyati, yadRcchA, bhUta aura puruSa--ye alaga-alaga vizva ke kAraNa nahIM haiM aura inakA saMyoga bhI AtmA ke adhIna hai, isalie vaha bhI vizva kA kAraNa nahIM hai. AtmA sukha, duHkha ke hetuoM ke adhIna hai, isalie vaha bhI vizva kA kAraNa nahIM ho sakatA.' brahmavAdI vicAradhArA pravRtta huI taba usake sAmane ye abhimata pracalita the. mahAbhArata meM hameM kAla, svabhAva Adi kA samarthana karanevAle asuroM ke siddhAMta milate haiM. prahlAda svabhAvavAdI the. indra ne unase pUchA- "Apa rAjya-bhraSTa hokara bhI zoka-mukta kaise haiM ?"2 prahlAda ne kahA- "merI yaha nizcita dhAraNA hai ki saba kucha svabhAva se hI prApta hotA hai. merI Atma-niSTha-buddhi bhI isake viparIta vicAra nahIM rakhatI.' isI prakAra indra ke prazna para asurarAja bali ne kAla ke kartRtva kA samarthana kiyA. namuci ne niyativAda ke samarthana meM kahA-"puruSa ko jo vastu jisa prakAra milanevAlI hotI hai, vaha usa prakAra mila hI jAtI hai. jisakI jaisI bhavitavyatA hotI hai, vaha vaisA hI hotA hai."5 1. zvetAzvatara 1.2 kAlaH svabhAvo niyatiryahacchA, bhUtAni yoniH puruSa iti cintyaa| saMyogaH eSAM na tvAtmabhAvA-dAtmApyanozaH sukhaduHkhahetoH / 2. mahAbhArata zAntiparva 223.11 3. mahAbhArata zAntiparva 223.23, 227.73 kAlaH karttA vikartA ca, sarvamanyadakAraNam / nAzaM vinAzamaizvarya, sukhaM duHkhaM bhavAbhavau / / 4. mahAbhArata zAntiparva 224 / 5-60 5. mahAbhArata zAntiparva 226.10 Kwww.Gonelibrary.org
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________________ --------------------- 322 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya syAdvAda kI maryAdA ke anusAra kAla, svabhAva Adi kArya kI niSpatti meM kAraNa haiM, para ye viyukta hokara kisI kArya ko niSpanna nahIM karate. inakA samucita yoga hone para hI kArya niSpanna hotA hai. AcArya siddhasena ke zabdoM meM--'kAla, svabhAva, niyati, pUrvakRta aura puruSArtha'-ye pAMcoM kAraNa paraspara nirapekSa hokara ayathArtha bana jAte haiM aura ye hI paraspara sApekSa hokara yathArtha bana jAte haiM." vastusthityA kartRtva svayaM padArtha meM hotA hai. pratyeka padArtha kA saMsthAna svayaM saMcAlita hotA hai. kAla Adi usake saMcAlana meM nimitta kAraNa banate haiM. padArtha aura usakI kAraNa-sAmagrI se atirikta kisI zakti meM kartRtva kA Aropa karane kI koI apekSA nahIM. phira bhI kucha dArzanika IzvarakartRtva kI sthApanA karate haiM. haribhadra sUri ne syAdvAda bhASA meM kahA-"kartA vahI hotA hai jo parama Izvara hai. AtmA parama Izvara hai. vaha apane svabhAva-kArya kA kartA hai. kartRvAda amAnya hI nahIM, hameM mAnya bhI hai.2" koI dArzanika sthAyitva kA Agraha karatA hai, koI parivartana kA. kintu syAdvAdI donoM kA pratyeka vastu meM samAhAra karatA hai. isIlie usakI dRSTi meM kevala sthAyI yA kevala parivartanazIla padArtha hotA hI nahIM. jisameM virodhI dharmoM kA saha-astitva na ho, vaha asat hai--vaisI vastu kA koI astitva hI nahIM hai. samabhAva syAdvAda kA pUrva rUpa hai aura saha-astitva usakA phalita hai. yadi saba padArtha yA eka padArtha ke aneka dharma avirodhI hI hote to padArtha eka hI hotA aura eka padArtha bhI eka dharma se yukta hotA, kintu aisA nahIM hai aura isIlie nahIM hai ki aneka virodhI padArtha aura hara padArtha meM aneka virodhI dharma haiM. jinakI dRSTi viSama hotI hai, ve aisA mAnate haiM ki virodhI vastuoM yA dharmoM kA saha-astitva ho hI nahIM sakatA. kintu samadRSTi vAle aisA mAnate haiM ki saha-astitva, unhIM kA hotA hai jo virodhI aMzoM se pRthak astitva rakhate haiM. yaha vastu-jagat ke prati syAdvAda kA saha-astitva siddhAnta hai. dhArmika jagat ke prati bhI syAdvAda kA phalita yahI hai. yaha dekhakara kaSTa hotA hai ki kucha jaina vidvAn syAdvAda kA pUrA nirvAha nahIM kara sake. vAda-vivAda ke kSetra meM vaise utare, jaise ekAntavAdI dArzanika utare the. samadRSTi utanI nahIM rahI jitanI syAdvAda kI pRSThabhUmi meM rahanI cAhie. isIlie usakA phalita, saha-astitva, utanA vikasita nahIM ho sakA, jitanA honA cAhie. zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM eka hI mahAvRkSa kI mahAn zAkhAeM haiM. unake siddhAnta-nirUpaNa meM bhI koI bahuta maulika antara nahIM hai. phira bhI donoM zAkhAoM ke vidvAnoM ne matabheda kI samIkSA meM aise zabda prayoga kiye haiM, jo vAMchanIya nahIM the. lagatA hai ki syAdvAda kI maryAdA aba vikasita ho rahI hai. zvetAmbara aura digambara dhArA kI dUrI miTa rahI hai. saha-astitva niSpanna ho rahA hai. syAdvAda eka samudra hai. usameM sAre vAda vilIna hote haiM. jitane vacana-patha haiM utane hI nayavAda haiM, aura jitane nayavAda haiM utane hI darzana haiM. 1. sanmatiprakaraNa 3.53 kAlo sahAva NiyaI puvakayaM purisa kAraNegataM / micchattaM te cevA (va) samAsao hoMti sammattaM / / 2. zAstravArtAsamuccaya 207 paramaizvaryayuktatvAd, mata prAtmaiva ceshvrH| sa ca karteti nidoSaH kattu vAdo vyavasthitaH / / 3. sanmatiprakaraNa 3/47 jAvazyA bayaNapahA tAvaiyA ceva hoMti eyavAyA / jAvazyA NayavAyA tAvazyA ceva parasamayA / / JainERESE marana O neDrary.org
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________________ zrAcArya tulasI : sarva-dharma samabhAva aura syAvAda : 323 dharma yA darzana kI tAlikA bahuta lambI hai. unake vicAroM kA bheda bhI bahuta tIvra hai. unakA samanvaya karanA koI sarala kAma nahIM hai. para syAdvAda kA mUla samanvaya kI gaharAI meM nahIM hai. usakA mUla sAdhanA kI gaharAI meM hai. vaha vahAM taka pahuMcatI hai jahAM satya hI AdhAra hai. prophesara kItha kA maMtavya hai-"darzana ke prati jainiyoM kI dena, jahA~ taka vaha maulika thI, isa prayatna ke rUpa meM hai ki jo sthira vastu hai aura jo asthira hai una donoM ke virodha kA samAdhAna kaise kiyA jAe ? unakA samAdhAna isa rUpa meM hai ki eka sthira sattA ke rahate hue bhI vaha barAbara parivartanazIla hai. yahI siddhAnta nyAya meM prasiddha syAdvAda kA rUpa dhAraNa kara letA hai. isa vAda ko mUlataH isa rUpa meM kaha sakate haiM ki eka artha meM kisI bAta ko kahA jA sakatA hai, jabaki dUsare artha meM usI kA niSedha bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai. parantu jainadarzana kA koI gambhIra vikAsa nahIM ho sakA. kyoMki yaha Avazyaka samajhA gayA ki jainadarzana jisa rUpa meM paramparA se prApta thA, usako vaisA hI mAna lenA cAhie aura isa avasthA meM use bauddhika AdhAra para khar3A nahIM kiyA jA sakatA.' pro0 kItha kA niSkarSa pUrNataH yathArtha nahIM hai to pUrNata: ayathArtha bhI nahIM hai. jaina vidvAn paramparA-sevI rahe haiM. parantu jainadarzana kA gambhIra vikAsa nahIM huA, yaha sahI nahIM hai. isameM koI sandeha nahIM ki jaina-paramparA meM tarka- zAstra kA utanA vikAsa nahIM huA jitanA naiyAyika aura bauddha dhArA meM huA. isakA kAraNa yahI mAnyatA thI ki satya kI upalabdhi tarka ke dvArA nahIM, kintu sAdhanA ke dvArA hotI hai. syAdvAda eka tarka-vyUha ke rUpa meM gRhIta nahIM huA, kintu satya ke eka dvAra ke rUpa meM gRhIta huA. kevala syAdvAda ko jAnane vAlA saba dharmoM para samabhAva nahIM rakha sakatA, kintu jo ahiMsA kI sAdhanA kara cukA, vahI saba dharmoM para samabhAva rakha sakatA hai. syAdvAda ahiMsA kA hI eka prakAra hai. jo ahiMsaka na ho aura syAdvAdI ho, yaha utanA hI asambhava hai ki koI vyakti hiMsaka ho aura zuSka tarkavAdI na ho. kauTilya ne tarkavidyA ko saba dharmoM kA AdhAra kahA hai.2 isake viparIta bhartRhari kA mata hai--"kuzala anumAtA ke dvArA anumita artha bhI dUsare pravara tAkika dvArA ulaTa diyA jAtA hai. isI Azaya ke sandarbha meM AcArya kundakunda ne kahA thA-"kore jJAna se nirvANa nahIM hotA, yadi zraddhA na ho. korI zraddhA se bhI vaha prApta nahIM hotA, yadi saMyama na ho." jaina vidvAnoM ne saMyama aura zraddhA se samanvita jJAna kA vikAsa kiyA, isalie unakA tarkazAstra syAdvAda kI paridhi se bAhara vikasita nahIM ho sakatA thA. tarka se vicikitsA kA anta nahIM hotA. vahI tarka jaba syAdvAdasparzI hotA hai, to vicikitsA samApta ho jAtI hai. tarkazAstra ke sAre aMgoM kA jaina AcAryoM ne sparza kiyA aura hara dRSTikoNa ko unhoMne mAnyatA dI. unake sAmane asatya kucha bhI nahIM thA. asatya thA kevala ekAntavAda aura mithyA Agraha. Agraha na ho to cArvAka kA dRSTikoNa bhI asatya nahIM hai, vaha indriyagamya satya hai. vedAnta kA dRSTikoNa bhI asatya kaise hai? vaha atIndriya satya hai. indriyagamya aura atIndriya donoM kA samanvaya pUrNa satya hai. 1. saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa pRSTha 586 2. kauTalIya arthazAstra 12 AzrayaH sarvadharmANAM, zazvadAnvIkSikI matA / 3. vAkyapadIya 1 / 34 yatnenAnumitopyarthaH kuzalairanumAtRbhiH / abhiyuktatarairanyai ranyathaivopapAdyate / / / 4. pravacanasAra cAritrAdhikAra / 37 Na hi AgameNa sijhadi saddahaNaM jadi Na asthi atthesu / saddahamANo atthe, asaMjado vA Na NivAdi / / variadelibrary.org
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________________ 3.24 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya 0-0--0----0-0--0--0--0-0 samanvaya yA samabhAva kI dizA meM haribhadra sUri kA dRSTikoNa bahuta prazasta hai. unhoMne likhA hai-"jisa prakAra amUrta AtmA ke sAtha mUrta karma kA sambandha jaina dRSTi se ghaTita hotA hai, amUrta AkAza ke sAtha ghaTa kA sambandha hotA hai, amUrta jJAna para mUrta madirA kA AghAta hotA hai, vaise hI sAMkhya kA prakRtivAda ghaTita ho sakatA hai. kapila muni divyajJAnI the. ve bhalA asatya kase kahate ?" mahAtmA buddha ne kSaNika-vAda kA upadeza Asakti miTAne ke lie, vijJAna-vAda kA upadeza bAhya-padArthoM se vimukta rakhane ke lie diyA. ve bhalA vinA prayojana ke aisI bAta kaise kahate. advaita kI dezanA samabhAva kI siddhi ke lie kI gaI. isa prakAra virodhI pratibhAsita hone vAlI dRSTiyoM meM avirodha DhUMDhanA aura unake pravartakoM ke prati AdarabhAva prakaTa karanA eka samadarzI syAdvAdI mahAtArkika kA hI kAma hai. Aja jaina manISiyoM ke lie yaha sadyaHprApta kArya hai ki ve samabhAva kI sAdhanA se samanvita syAdvAda kA prayoga kara jIvana ke hara kSetra meM uThane vAle vivAdoM aura saMgharSoM kA zamana kareM. EHEAL 1. zAstravArtAsamuccaya 236-237 mUrtasyApyAtmano yogo, ghaTena nabhaso yathA / upaghAtAdibhAvazca, jJAnasyeva surAdinA / / evaM prakRtivAdopi, vijJa yaH satya eva hi / kapiloktatvatazcaiva, divyo hi sa mahAmuniH / / 2. zAstravArtAsamuccaya 464-66 / 3. zAstrabArtAsamuccaya 550 / /
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________________ zrI saubhAgyamala jaina syAdvAda aura ahiMsA syAdvAdo vartate yasmina, pakSapAto na vidyate, nAstyanyapIDanaM kiMcit jainadharmaH sa ucyate / AcArya ne saMkSipta meM jaina dharma kA aMtastala ukta zloka meM vyakta kara diyA hai. vAstava meM 'syAdvAda aura ahiMsA' jaina dharma kA prANa hai. jisa prakAra kisI prANadhArI ke zarIra meM se prANa nikala jAne para vaha niSprANa ho jAtA hai, usakA jIvana samApta ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra "jainadharma" meM se ukta donoM mahAn siddhAnta yadi kama minus kara diye jAve to usakA astitva hI nahIM rahegA. vaise sUkSma paryavekSaNa karane se jJAta hogA ki ukta donoM siddhAnta vAstava meM eka hI haiM. syAdvAda meM ahiMsA kI bhAvanA nihita hai aura ahiMsA meM syAdvAda kI. jaina darzana meM ahiMsA kA siddhAnta sarvopari hai. jaina darzana ne jIvana ke pratyeka kSetra meM ahiMsA kA prayoga kiyA hai. jaina dArzanika vicAramaMthana ne prANI ke badhaniSedha mAtra ko ahiMsA kI paripUrNatA nahIM mAnI apitu yaha bhI Avazyaka samajhA ki manuSya meM "bauddhika ahiMsA" bhI jarUrI hai. manuSya meM jaba taka vicAra karane kI kSamatA hai usake dRthikoNa meM aMtara rahegA. isI prakAra vizva meM pratyeka vastu anaMta dharmAtmaka hai aura yaha bhI svAbhAvika hai ki manuSya ke sImita jJAna ke kAraNa vastu kA bhinna-bhinna svarUpa athavA prazna ke samasta pahalU eka samaya hI manuSya ke mastiSka meM nahIM A sakate. isa kAraNa manuSya kA kisI vastu athavA prazna ke sambandha meM abhiprAya AMzika satya hI ho sakatA hai. yadi manuSya AMzika satya para hI paraspara vivAda karatA rahe tathA svayaM dvArA anubhUta satya (AMzika) ko hI pUrNa satya hone kA dAvA karatA rahe to yaha paripUrNa satya nahIM ho sakatA. vAstava meM AMzika satyoM ko yadi ekatrita kara liyA jAye to hI pUrNa satya kA darzana ho sakatA hai. yahI sthiti vizva ke dharmoM kI vibhinna mAnyatAoM ke sambandha meM hai. vizva ke dharmAcAryoM ne apanI tAtkAlika paristhiti se prabhAvita hokara siddhAntoM kA pratipAdana kiyA thA. isa kAraNa yaha svAbhAvika thA ki deza, kAla, kSetra kI bhinnatA ke kAraNa una siddhAntoM meM vaiSamya hotA aura yahI huA bhI. kintu manuSya apane dharmAcAryoM ke prati mamatA, unake mana meM vyApta Agraha tathA ahaMkAra ne usako usa AMzika satya ko pUrNa satya mAnane ke lie prerita kiyA. pariNAma yaha huA ki pratyeka dharma kA anuyAyI apane dvArA svIkRta AMzika satya ko pUrNa satya, antima satya mAnatA rahA. yahAM taka bhI ThIka thA kintu usake Agraha tathA ahaMkAra meM vRddhi huI aura usane svayaM dvArA svIkRta AMzika satya ko dUsare dharmAnuyAyI se pUrNa satya ke rUpa meM manavAne ke lie prayatna prArambha . kiyA. paraspara pratispardhA huI, usase kaTutA nirmita huI aura vizva ne dekhA ki dhArmika asahiSNutA ne vizva meM jaghanya duSkRtya karAye aura dharma ke nAma para unako svarga-praveza kA sAdhana batAyA gayA. vizva ke itihAsa meM ruci rakhane vAle sajjana bhalIbhAMti jAnate haiM ki dharma ke nAma para dhArmika asahiSNutA ke kAraNa jitane atyAcAra hue haiM utane kisI anya kAraNa se nahIM hue. yaha Azcarya kA viSaya hai ki 'dharma' manuSya ko AMtarika zakti pradAnakartA hote hue bhI manuSya ne usakA durupayoga kiyA. vicAra karane para yahI phalita hotA hai ki manuSya meM Agraha ahaMkAra tathA tajjanita 'bauddhika hiMsA' kAma kara rahI hai. dhArmika asahiSNutA ke kAraNa hiMsaka kRtyoM kI hamAre deza meM kamI nahIM rahI. yUropa Adi dezoM meM bhI kamI nahIM rahI. jainadharma ke aMtima tIrthaMkara 'mahAtmA mahAbIra' ke hRdaya meM isa paristhiti ke nirAkaraNa ke lie Andolana prArambha huA. GANILIALLIKALIKA AAAAAA ekawwwwNa LAALAAN www 10101010101010 ololololololol Ordiolo I otoil LAMUHINITI Jain Education Inteme ARTHRITHI w.janorary.org
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________________ ------------------ 326 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya pAThaka bhalIbhAMti jAnate haiM ki mahAtmA mahAvIra ke samaya meM vibhinna siddhAntoM (vAdoM) kA pratipAdana karane vAle dArzanika tathA dharmAcArya vartamAna the aura vaha apane-apane matoM kA pracAra karate the. isa kAraNa yaha svAbhAvika thA ki paraspara jaya-parAjaya kI bhAvanA se vAda-vivAda hotA, paraspara kaTutA nirmita hotI aura pariNAma svarUpa dharma kI AtmA kA hanana hotA. jaina zAstroM se yaha spaSTa hai ki mahAtmA mahAvIra ke samaya meM 363 mata pracalita the. bauddha sAhitya se bhI yaha spaSTa hai ki usa samaya 62 yA 63 mata pracalita the. saMkhyA kA mahatva nahIM hai kintu usa samaya jana sAdhAraNa meM matibhrama thA aura paraspara dhArmika asahiSNUtA vidyamAna thI. mahAtmA mahAvIra ne isa sthiti para gambhIra vicAra kiyA aura yaha pratipAdita kiyA ki yaha saba AMzika satya pratipAdita karate haiM. yadi pUrNa satya kA darzana karanA cAhate ho to ekAMta kA Agraha taja do. isI saMdarbha meM 363 matoM kA samanvaya kiyA. sUkSma vicAra karane para yaha bhalIbhAMti spaSTa hogA ki mahAtmA mahAvIra ne vizva ke pratyeka prazna tathA vastu ke sambandha meM vicAra karane kI eka naI paddhati ko janma diyA jise "anekAnta-vicAradhArA" kahA jAtA hai. saMkSepa meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki mahAtmA mahAvIra ne pratyeka vastu tathA prazna para 7 nayoM kI apekSA se vicAra karake apanA mata sthira karane kI jisa paddhati kA AviSkAra kiyA use 'saptabhaMgI' athavA 'anekAnta-vicArapaddhati' kahA gayA. use vANI dvArA spaSTa karane ko "syAdvAda" nAma se abhihita kiyA. satya yaha hai ki isa 'anekAnta-vicAra paddhati' meM kisI pakSavizeSa ke prati Agraha nahIM hotA, anAgraha hotA hai. kisI vastu athavA prazna ke prati eka dRSTikoNa apanAne vAlA usI vastu tathA prazna ke prati anya dRSTikoNa apanAne vAle ke prati udAra vicAra rakhatA hai. vaha mAnatA hai ki usameM bhI saccAI hai. mere dvArA apanAyA dRSTikoNa jahAM satya hai vahA~ anya dRSTikoNa meM bhI satyatA ho sakatI hai. yaha udAratA kA lakSaNa hai. ekAMta vicAra-dhArA kA vyakti jahA~ apane dvArA apanAye dRSTikoNa ke prati 'hI' kA Agraha rakhatA hai vahAM anekAMta vicAradhArA vAlA 'bhI' kA mata rakhatA hai. vAstava meM mahAtmA mahAvIra ne isa siddhAnta kA AviSkAra karake vizva ke sammukha 'dhArmika asahiSNutA' yA sarvadharmasamabhAva kA udAharaNa prastuta kiyA hai. mahAtmA mahAvIra ke nirvANa se 1000 varSa pazcAt kA kAla sAhitya kI dRSTi se "Agamayuga" kahA jAtA hai arthAt vikramapUrva 470 se lekara vikrama pazcAt 5 vIM zatAbdI taka kA kAla "Agama yuga" hai. usake pazcAt 5 vIM zatAbdI se 8 vIM zatAbdI taka kA kAla sAhityanirmANa kI dRSTi se "anekAntayuga" kahA jAtA hai. isa yuga meM mahAtmA mahAvIra ke pazcAt-vartI AcAryoM ne anekAnta para pracura sAhitya kA nirmANa kiyA. mahAtmA mahAvIra dvArA pratipAdita "syAdvAda" siddhAnta kA hI yaha pratApa thA ki jainAcAryoM ne jo tArkika dRSTikoNa apanAyA usa prakAra kA niSpakSa tathA udAra dRSTikoNa anya ke lie apanAnA sambhava nahIM thA. zrImad hemacandracArya ne zivamandira meM nimnaprakAra kI stuti kI thI bhavabIjAMkurajananA rAgAdyA kSayamupAgatA yasya / brahmA vA viSNurvA, haro jino vA namastasmai / ukta zloka meM AcArya ne usa mahApuruSa ko namaskAra kiyA hai jisane rAgadveSa naSTa karake purnajanma kI sambhAvanA samApta kara dI ho, cAhe vaha brahmA ho, viSNu ho, hari ho yA jina ho. isa udAratA kA udAharaNa anyatra milanA sambhava nahIM hai. jainAcAyoM ke tAkika dRdhikoNa ke sambandha meM nimna uddharaNa paryApta hogA jo eka jainAcArya ne dRDha zabdoM meM vyakta kiyA thA pakSapAto na me vIre, na dveSaH kapilAdiSu / yuktimadvacanaM yasya, tasya kAryaH parigrahaH / / ukta AcArya ko na to mahAvIra ke vacanoM ke sambandha meM pakSapAta hai aura na kapilAdi muniyoM ke sambandha meM dveSa hai. unakI kevala eka kasauTI tarka hai. vaha tarka-yukta vacanoM ko pramANa ke rUpa meM mAnya karate haiM. isI prakAra eka anya AcArya svayaM mahAtmA mahAvIra ke anuyAyiyoM dvArA apanAI gaI ekAMta vicAradhArA ke kAraNa kSubdha hokara spaSTa mantavya dete haiM ki :
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________________ saubhAgyamala jaina : syAdvAda aura ahiMsA : 327 nAzAvaratyena sitAmvaratye na tasyavAde na tarkavAde, " na parasenA''zrayaNena mukti pApamukti ki muktireva / ukta AcArya ne kevala kaSAya se muktatA ko hI mokSa kA kAraNa pratipAdana kiyA hai. yadi hama jainetara dRSTikoNa para vicAra kareM to vahA~ para bhI aise sUtra vAkya mila jAte haiM jinameM syAdvAda athavA anekAntavicAra paddhati kA prAdhAnya hai. udAharaNa ke lie "ekaM sadviprA bahudhA vadaMti" eka hI satya ko vipragaNa aneka prakAra se pratipAdana karate haiM. vAstava meM vizva hI bhinnatA kA samUha hai. usameM kisI ke durAgraha ke lie koI sthAna nahIM hai. hoM bhinna saba bhinnatva to saMsAra kA hai niyama hI, para bhinna honA nahiM kisI se buddhimattA hai yahI / jainAcAryoM ne isa siddhAnta kA janasAdhAraNa ko saralatA se bodha karAne ke lie kaI udAharaNa apane sAhitya meM prastuta kiye haiM. syAdvAda ke sambandha meM kucha ajaina vidvAnoM ne bhrAMti utpanna karane kA prayatna kiyA hai. kucha vidvAn ise saMzayavAda ( Dhilamila yakInI) batAte haiM. yaha bhI kahA jAtA hai ki isameM jaba manuSya apane se bhinna dRSTi ko satya hone kA vicAra karatA hai taba vaha apane dvArA apanAye hue dRSTikoNa ko asatya mAnatA hai. isI prakAra kisI samaya eka dRSTikoNa ko satya mAnatA hai kisI samaya anya ko yahI Dhilamila yakInI tathA saMzayavAda kahA jAtA hai. kintu jainAcAryoM ne dadhimaMthana kA udAharaNa dekara isakA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai. yuropIya vidvAnoM ne "sApekSavAda" ( Prnciple of relativity) kA AviSkAra karake ukta siddhAnta kI upayogitA mAnI hai. eka vidvAn kA kahanA hai ki yaha siddhAMta atyanta sarala tathA tarkapUrNa hai. yadi eka lakIra sleTa para khIMca kara parIkSA kI jAye ki yaha bar3I hai yA choTI ? to nizcita rUpase usake donoM uttara hoMge. anya lakIra (jo usase choTI ho) khIMcakara use bar3I kahA jA sakatA hai aura anya (jo usase bar3I ho ) khIMcakara use choTI kahA jA sakatA hai. yahI to sApekSavAda hai. Jain Education Inter syAdvAda siddhAMta kI pRSThabhUmi meM jo bhAvanA kAma karatI hai vahI bhAvanA prajAtaMtrIya paddhati meM kArya karatI hai. lokataMtrAtmaka rAjya meM pArliyAmeMTa meM "virodhI dala" kA bar3A mahattva hai. usameM bhI yahI bhAvanA kAma karatI hai. "sattArUDha dala" apanAI gaI nIti meM AlocanA kI guMjAyaza svIkAra karatA hai. sattArUDha dala apane dvArA apanAI nIti tathA kAryakrama meM vizvAsa rakhate hue bhI isa bAta kI guMjAyaza svIkAra karatA hai ki anya nIti tathA kAryakrama dezahita ke lie apanAyA jAnA ucita ho sakatA hai. ukta AlocanA ko sunakara vaha lAbha uThAtA hai. hama ise 'rAjanItika syAdvAda' ke nAma se abhihita kara sakate haiM. jaisA ki Upara vyakta kiyA gayA hai syAdvAda eka aMga hai ahiMsA kA syAdvAda vAstava meM bauddhika ahiMsA hI hai. Upara yaha bhI batalAyA jA cukA hai ki jainadarzana meM "ahiMsA" sarvopari hai. yadi yaha kahA jAe ki "ahiMsA" jainadarzana kA paryAyavAcI nAma hai to bhI atyukti na hogI. bhagavAn mahavIra ne spaSTa kahA thA ki jo tIrthaMkara pUrva meM hue, vartamAna meM haiM, tathA bhaviSya meM hoMge, una sabane ahiMsA kA pratipAdana kiyA hai. ahiMsA hI dhruva tathA zAzvata dharma hai. isa prakAra jainadarzana meM ahiMsA kA sthAna sarvopari pAyA jAtA hai. jainadarzana dvArA pratipAdita "ahiMsA" ke sambandha meM deza meM kAphI bhrama rahA. kisI ne use avyavahArya batAyA, kisI ne use vaiyaktika batAkara sAmAjika, rAjakIya praznoM ke lie anupayogI batAyA. isa prakAra kA bhrama utpanna karane vAloM ne jainadarzana dvArA pratipAdita "ahiMsA" kA pUrNa adhyayana kiye vinA hI usakI AlocanA kI hai. jo jainadarzana manuSya athavA prANadhArI ke jIvana kI pratyeka kriyA meM hiMsA kA AbhAsa pAtA hai aura kahatA hai ki vizva meM kisI bhI prANadhArI kI, pRthvI, apa, teja, vAyu, vanaspati tathA trasa jIvoM kI hiMsA se virata rahanA cAhie, usI jainadarzana ke vyAkhyAtA AcAryoM ye yaha bhI pratipAdita kiyA ki - "jayaM care, jayaM ciTTha e, jayaMmAse, jayaM saye, jayaM bhujato, bhAsato, pAvakammaM na baMdhaI / 23s Private & Personal Card
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________________ 328 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya ---0-0-0---0-0--0-0-0 tAtparya yaha hai ki jainadarzana yaha mAnatA hai ki kisI bhI prANadhArI kA jIvana sarvathA ahiMsaka honA asambhava hai, kyoMki prANadhArI dvArA jIvita rahane ke lie vAyu kAya Adi ke jIvoM kA saMhAra vinA icchA hI ho jAtA hai. isI kAraNa uparokta vyAkhyAkAra ne yatnapUrvaka jIvanayApana meM pApakarma ke baMdhana na hone kA pratipAdana kiyA hai. hamAre deza ke jIvana meM ahiMsA kI jo chApa dRSTigocara hotI hai vaha jainadharma kI dena hai. sAmUhika praznoM ke nirAkaraNa ke lie ahiMsA kA prayoga hamAre deza meM kAphI saphala rahA. janadarzana meM manuSya ko kevala vaiyaktika jIvana vyatIta karane kA hI vidhAna nahIM kiyA hai apitu sAmUhika jIvana meM usake kartavya bhI batalAye haiM. jainazAstra "sthAnAMga sUtra" meM grAmadharma nagaradharma rASTradharma Adi kA ullekha karake manuSya ko sAmUhika jIvana ke kartavyoM kA bodha karAyA gayA. hamAre deza meM videzI sattA ke viruddha mahAtmA gAMdhIjI ke netRtva meM "ahiMsaka yuddha" hI lar3A gayA. jisake pariNAmasvarUpa deza svatantra huA aura Aja hama svatantratA ke phala bhoga rahe haiM. vAstava meM yaha prayoga thA. hamAre itihAsa meM zAyada hI ahiMsA ke sAmUhika prayoga kA udAharaNa upalabdha ho sake. pracIna graMthoM meM hAra tathA hAthI ke lie svajanoM kA yuddha eka prasiddha ghaTanA hai. rAmAyaNakAla meM rAvaNa ko satpatha para lAne ke lie zrIrAmacandra ne yuddha kA hI pAzraya liyA. mahAbhArata meM bhI bhrAtRjanoM meM vyApta kalaha ke kAraNa yuddha ko anivArya mAnA gayA. mahAbhArata yuddha ke eka pAtra ke dvArA nimna vAkya kahalAye jo tatkAlIna sthiti para prakAza DAlate haiM aura jisase yuddha kI anivAryatA spaSTa hotI hai. "sUcyagra naiva dAsyAmi binA yuddha na kezava" vAstava meM ahiMsA ke prayoga meM gAMdhI-yuga ne eka naI dizA kA zrIgaNeza kiyA thA kintu gAMdhIyuga ke ukta zrIgaNeza ko Aja vizva meM adhika protsAhana nahIM mila rahA hai. Aja pUjya gAMdhIjI ke svargavAsa ko 15 varSa ho gaye. unake abhUtapUrva vyaktitva ke abhAva ke kAraNa "ahiMsA" kA vicAra gati nahIM pA rahA hai, vizva ke rAjanItijJa apane praznoM ke nipaTAne ke lie ahiMsA kA mAdhyama svIkAra nahIM karate apitu hiMsaka yuddha ko mAdhyama mAnate haiM. yahI kAraNa hai ki kucha samaya pUrva cIna ne sImA vivAda ke nAma para bhArata para hiMsaka AkramaNa kiyA aura zAMtipremI bhArata ko apane rakSaNa ke hetu zastroM kA upayoga karanA par3A. durbhAgya se hamAre bIca ahiMsA kA apUrva hAmI pUjya gAMdhI jI jaisA prabhAvazAlI vyaktitva nahIM hai. isI kAraNa ahiMsA ke tattvadarzana ko hamAre jIvana meM jo sthAna milanA cAhie thA vaha nahIM mila pA rahA hai. kAza samAja koI aisA nararatna paidA kara sake.
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________________ zrIkanhaiyAlAla loDhA, bI0 e0 jainadarzana aura vijJAna vartamAna yuga vijJAna kA yuga hai. isameM pratyeka siddhAMta vijJAna ke prakAza meM nirakhA-parakhA jAtA hai. vijJAna kI kasauTI para kharA na utarane para use aMdhavizvAsa mAnA jAtA hai aura usa para vizvAsa nahIM kiyA jAtA hai. Aja aneka prAcIna dhArmika evaM dArzanika siddhAnta vijJAna ke samakSa na Tika sakane se dharAzAyI ho rahe haiM. parantu jainadarzana isakA apavAda hai. vaha vijJAna ke prakAza se zuddha svarNa ke samAna adhika camaka uThA hai. vijJAna ke vikAsa ke pUrva janadarzana ke jina siddhAMtoM ko anya darzanakAra kapola-kalpita kahate the ve hI Aja vijJAnajagat meM satya pramANita ho rahe haiM. jisa yuga meM prayogazAlAe~ tathA yAntrika sAdhana na the, usa yuga meM aise siddhAMtoM kA pratipAdana karanA nizcaya hI unake praNetAoM ke alaukika jJAna kA paricAyaka hai. jainadarzana ke siddhAMtoM se vizvavikhyAta sAhityakAra zrI jArja barnArDa zA itane adhika prabhAvita the ki mahAtmA gAMdhI ke putra zrIdevadAsa gAMdhI ne jaba unase pUchA ki Apa se kisI dharma ko mAnane ke lie kahA jAya to Apa kisa dharma ko mAnanA pasaMda kareMge ? zA ne caTa uttara diyA-- 'jainadharma'. isI prakAra prasiddha vidvAn DA. harmana jaikobI Adi ne jainadarzana ke siddhAMtoM kI bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA kI hai. janadarzana ke una katipaya siddhAMtoM para, jo pahale itara dArzanikoM ke buddhigamya na the aura Aja vijJAna jinheM satya siddha kara rahA hai, prastuta nibandha meM prakAza DAlA jAyegA. jIva tattva pRthvI, pAnI, pAvaka, pavana aura vanaspati kI sajIvatAH-jainadarzana vizva meM mUlata: do tattva mAnatA hai :-jIva' aura ajIva. inameM se jIva ke mukhyataH do bheda mAne gaye haiM--trasa aura sthAvara. ve jIva jo calate phirate haiM trasa aura jo sthira rahate haiM ve sthAvara kahe jAte haiM. keMcuA, ciuMTI makkhI, macchara, manuSya, pazu Adi trasa jIvoM ko to ati prAcIna kAla se hI prAyaH sabhI darzana sajIva svIkAra karate rahe haiM parantu sthAvara jIvoM ko eka mAtra jainadarzana hI sajIva mAnatA rahA hai. sthAvara jIvoM ke bhI pAMca bheda haiM-pRthvI, pAnI, agni, vAyu aura vanaspati. kucha samaya pUrva taka jainadarzana kI sthAvara jIvoM kI mAnyatA ko anya darzanakAra eka managaDhaMta kalpanA mAnate the. parantu Aja vijJAna ne isa mAnyatA ko satya siddha kara diyA hai. 1. jIvA ceva ajIvA ya esa loe viyAhie.-uttarAdhyayana a036 gAthA 2. 2. saMsAriNastrasasthAvarA:-tattvArthasUtra a0 2 sUtra 12. 3. pRthivyaptejovAyuvanaspatayaH sthAvarAH-tattvArthasUtra a0 2 sUtra 13. Jair Cinelibrary.org
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________________ -------------------0--0-0 330 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya zrI eca0 TI0 barsaTApena kA kathana hai ki jisa prakAra bAlaka bar3hatA hai vaise hI parvata bhI dhIre-dhIre bar3hate haiM. Apa vizva ke parvatoM kI vRddhi kA aMkana karate hue likhate haiM'-nyUginI ke parvatoM ne abhI apanI zaizavAvasthA hI pAra kI hai. selibosa ke dakSiNI pUrvI bhAgoM, bholUkAsa ke kucha TApuoM aura iMDoneziyA ke dvIpa-samUha kI bhUmi bhI U~cI uTha rahI hai. zrI sugAte kA mata hai ki nyUjIlaiNDa ke pazcimI nelasana ke parvata 'plAisTosIna' yuga ke aMta meM vikasita hue haiM. zrI belmena ke anusAra Alpasa parvatamAlA kA pazcimI bhAga aba bhI bar3ha rahA hai. dvIpoM kI bhUmi kA uThAva tathA parvatoM kI vRddhi pRthvI kI sajIvatA ke spaSTa pramANa haiM. prasiddha vaijJAnika zrI kaipTina skavesivI ne yaMtra ke dvArA eka laghu jalakaNa meM 36450 jIva ginAye haiM. jisa prakAra manuSya pazu Adi sajIva prANI zvAsa dvArA zuddha vAyu se oksIjana (oxygen) grahaNa kara jIvita rahate haiM aura oksIjana yA zuddha havA ke abhAva meM mara jAte haiM, isI prakAra agni bhI vAyu se oksIjana lekara jIvita rahatI yA jalatI hai aura use kisI baratana se DhaMka dene yA anya kisI prakAra havA na milane dene para tatkAla bujha jAtI hai. vaijJAnikoM kA kathana hai ki suI ke agrabhAga jitanI havA meM lAkhoM jIva rahate haiM jinheM 'theksasa' kahA jAtA hai. vanaspati bhI sajIva hai. vijJAna-jagat meM yaha bAta sarvaprathama sara jagadIzacandra vasu ne siddha kI. unhoMne yaMtroM ke mAdhyama se pratyakSa dikhAyA ki per3a-paudhe Adi vanaspatiyAM manuSya kI bhA~ti hI anukUla paristhiti meM sukhI aura pratikUla paristhati meM duHkhI hotI haiM. tathA harSa, zoka, rudana Adi karatI haiM. jainAgamoM meM AhAra, bhaya, maithuna aura parigraha ina cAroM saMjJAoM ko bhI vanaspati meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai. vaijJAnikoM ne siddha kiyA hai ki vanaspatiyA~ miTTI, jala, vAyu tathA prakAza se AhAra grahaNa kara apane tana ko puSTa karatI haiM. AhAra ke abhAva meM ve jIvita nahIM raha sakatIM. vanaspatiyA~ bhI pazu pakSiyoM ke samAna nirAmiSa AhArI aura sAmiSa AhArI donoM prakAra kI hotI haiM. Ama, nIma, jAmuna Adi nirAmiSa AhArI vanaspatiyA~ to hamArI A~khoM ke sAmane sadaiva hI rahatI haiM. sAmiSa AhArI vanaspatiyA~ adhikatara videzoM meM pAI jAtI haiM. AsTreliyA meM eka prakAra kI vanaspati hotI hai jisakI DAloM meM zera ke paMjoM ke samAna bar3e-bar3e kA~Te hote haiM. agara koI savAra ghor3e para car3hA isa vRkSa ke nIce se nikale to ve ghor3e para se usa vyakti ko isa prakAra uThA letI haiM, jaise bAja kisI choTI cir3iyA ko. phira vaha zikAra usa vRkSa kA AhAra bana jAtA hai. amarIkA ke uttarI kairolInA rAjya meM vInasa phlAiTrepa paudhA pAyA jAtA hai. jyoM hI koI kIr3A yA pataMgA isake patte para baiThatA hai to pattA tatkAla baMda ho jAtA hai. paudhA jaba usakA rakta-mAMsa sokha letA hai, taba pattA khula jAtA hai aura kIr3e kA sukhA zarIra nIce gira jAtA hai. isI prakAra 'pIcara plAMTa' rena haiTaTrampaTa, vaTara-vArTa, sanaDyU, upasa, Taca-mI-nATa, Adi aneka mAMsAhArI vRkSa haiM jo jIvita kIToM ko pakar3ane va khAne kI kalA meM pravINa haiM. bhaya ke lie to chuImuI Adi vanaspatiyA~ prasiddha hI haiM, jo aMgulI dikhAne mAtra se bhayabhIta ho apane zarIra ko sikor3a letI haiM. vanaspati meM maithuna-kriyA kisa prakAra saMpanna hotI hai tathA isa kriyA ke saMpanna na hone kI sthiti meM phUla phala meM pariNata nahIM hote haiM, Adi saba bAteM zrI pI0 lakSmIkAMta ne savistAra dikhAI haiM. vanaspatiyA~ apane aura apanI saMtAna ke lie AhAra kA saMgraha yA parigraha bhI karatI haiM. vanaspativizeSajJoM kA kathana hai ki eka bhI phUlane vAlA paudhA aisA nahIM hai jo apane bacce ke lie bIja rUpa meM paryApta bhojanasAmagrI ikaTThI na kara letA ho. aise paudhe vasaMta aura garmI meM khUba prayAsa karake sAmagrI jamA kara lete haiM. vanaspati meM nidrA kA varNana karate hue hiraNyamaya bosa likhate 1. navanIta, sitambara 1962. 2. cattAri saNNAzro paNNattAo taMjahA-AhArasaNNA. bhayasaNNA, mehuNasaNNA pariggahasaNNA-ThANAMgasUtra sthA0 4 u04. 3. navanIta, agasta 1955 pRSTha 21 se 32 4. dekhiye navanIta, apraila 1952 pRSTha 26 Jain EduLion inte areSUNTUSEDIA aw.janenorary.org
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________________ kanhaiyAlAla loDhA : jainadarzana aura vijJAna ; 331 haiM--'jaise jIvita (calate-phirate) prANI parizrama ke bAda rAta meM sokara thakAvaTa dUra karate haiM vaise hI per3a-paudhe bhI rAta ko sote haiM. sUDAna aura vesTa iMDIja meM eka aisA vRkSa milatA hai jisameM se dina meM vividha prakAra kI rAga-rAginiyAM nikalatI haiM aura rAta meM aisA ronA-dhonA prArambha hotA hai mAnoM parivAra ke saba sadasya kisI kI mRtyu para baiThe ro rahe hoM yA sisaka rahe hoM. DA0 jagadIzacandra vasu ne to vanaspati kI krodha, ghRNA, prema, AliMgana Adi aneka anya pravRttiyoM para bhI paryApta prakAza DAlA hai. jaina graMthoM meM vanaspati kI utkRSTa Ayu dasa hajAra varSa kahI gaI hai. prasiddha vaijJAnika eDamaMDa zumAMzA ke kathanAnusAra Aja bhI amerIkA ke kelIphoniyA ke nezanala vana meM 4600 varSa kI Ayu ke vRkSa vidyamAna haiM. prAtma-astitva aura vijJAna Aja ke vijJAna-jagat meM Atma-astitva para bhI vizvAsa prakaTa kiyA jAne lagA hai. vizva ke mahAna vaijJAnika apanI zodha-khoja ke AdhAra para Atma-astitva svIkAra karane lage haiM. yathA' :"vaha yuga nizcaya hI AyegA, jaba vijJAna ajJAta-ajJeya ke sabhI banda daravAje kholane meM samartha hogA. jitanA hama pahale socate the, brahmANDa usase bhI adhika AdhyAtmika tattvoM para TikA hai. saca to yaha hai ki hama aise AdhyAtmika jagat meM rahate haiM, jo bhautika saMsAra se adhika mahAn aura sazakta hai."-sara olivara laoNja. koI ajAnI zakti nirantara kriyAzIla hai, parantu hameM usakI kriyA kA kucha patA nahIM.......maiM mAnatA hU~ ki cetanA hI pramukha AdhArabhUta vastu hai. purAnA nAstikavAda aba pUrI taraha miTa cukA hai aura dharma, cetanA tathA mastiSka ke kSetra kA viSaya bana gayA hai. isa nayI dhArmika AsthA kA TUTanA saMbhava nahIM hai.".-sara e0 esa0 eDigTana. "kucha hI samaya pahale taka yaha bAta vaijJAnika kSetroM meM eka hada taka phaizana bana gaI thI ki apane ko nAstika (egnausTika) kahA jAe, lekina aba agara koI AdamI apanI nAstikatA kI nAsamajhI para garva karatA hai, to yaha lajjA aura tiraskAra kI bAta hai. nAstikatA kA phaizana aba miTa cukA hai. aura, yaha vijJAna ke zrama kA hI phala hai.'--sAinsa eMDa rilijana. "saccAI to yaha hai ki jagat kA maulika rUpa jar3a (Matter), bala (Force) athavA bhautika padArtha na hokara mana aura cetanA hI hai.-je0 bI0 esa0 helDana. ajIva tattva aba dUsare tattva 'ajIva' ko lIjie. jainAgamoM meM ajIva ke pA~ca bheda kahe haiM--(1) dharma (2) adharma (3) AkAza (4) kAla (5) pudgala. ye pA~ca dravya tathA jIva kula chaH dravya rUpa yaha loka kahA gayA hai. yahA~ na to dharma, zabda kartavya, guNa, svabhAva va Atma-zuddhi ke sAdhana kA abhivyaMjaka hai aura na adharma zabda duSkarma yA pApa kA abhivyaMjaka. yahA~ ye donoM hI jaina darzana ke vizeSa pAribhASika zabda haiM aura do maulika dravyoM ke sUcaka haiM. jainAgamoM meM dharma zabda usa dravya ke lie prayukta huA hai jo jIva aura pudgala kI gatikriyA meM sahAyaka hotA hai aura adharma usa dravya ke lie prayukta huA hai jo jIva aura pudgala kI sthiti meM sahAyaka hotA hai. isI prakAra 'AkAza' aura 'kAla' ko bhI maulika dravyoM meM sthAna diyA hai. dharma aura adharma-vijJAna kI eka mahattvapUrNa zodha 'Ithara' hai. Ithara aura jainadarzana meM kathita dharma dravya ke guNoM meM 1. jJAnodayaH akTUbara 1956 2. dhammo ahammo AgAsaM, kAlo pumgala jatabo. ema logotti pannatto, jiNehi varadaMsihi / -uttarAdhyayana a0 28 gA 7 ADM AAVALAN MAHAR arnitine, NamasuKAMB WADMINISTRI SAR Jain Clibrary.org
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________________ 332 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya itanA adhika sAmya hai ki ye donoM eka dravya ke do pRthak-pRthak nAma haiM, aisA kahanA asamIcIna na hogA. Ithara ke viSaya meM bhautika vijJAnavettA DA0 e0 esa0 eDiMgaTana likhate haiM: 9 "Aja kala yaha svIkAra kara liyA gayA hai ki Ithara bhautika dravya nahIM hai. bhautika kI apekSA usakI prakRti bhinna haibhUta meM prApta piNDatva aura ghanatva guNoM kA Ithara meM abhAva hogA parantu usake apane naye aura nizcayAtmaka guNa hoMge"Ithara kA abhautika sAgara. " alabarTa AInsTIna ke apekSAbAda ke siddhAMtAnusAra Ivara abhautika (apAramANavika), lokavyApta nahIM dekhA jA sakane vAlA, akhaMDa dravya hai. prophesara jI0 Ara0 jaina ema0 esa-sI0 dharma dravya aura Ithara kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana karate hue likhate haiM: 2 "yaha siddha ho gayA hai ki vijJAna aura jaina darzana donoM yahA~ taka ekamata haiM ki dharmadravya yA Ithara abhautika, apAramANavika, avibhAjya, akhaMDa AkAza ke samAna vyApaka, arUpa, gati kA anivArya mAdhyama aura apane Apa meM sthira hai." isI prakAra sthiti meM sahAyaka adharma dravya ( Medium of rest ) ke viSaya meM vaijJAnikoM kI khoja jArI hai. AkAza aura kAla jaina darzana ke samAna hI vijJAna jagat meM AkAza aura kAla kA bhI dravya ke rUpa meM astitva svIkAra kara liyA gayA hai. vizvavikhyAta vaijJAnika AinsTIna kA kathana hai ki deza aura kAla svataMtra padArtha haiM aura ye bhI ghaTanAoM meM bhAga lete haiM. nayI bhautikI saMketa detI hai ki deza aura kAla ke bhItara kevala dravya aura vikiraNa hI nahIM bahuta sI aura bhI cIjeM haiM jinakA mahattva hai. DA0 henazA kA mata hai These four elements (Space, Matter, Time and Medium of motion) are all seperate in our mind. We cannot imagine that the one of them could depend on another or converted into another. arthAt 'AkAza, pudgala, kAla aura gati kA mAdhyama (dharma) ye cAroM tattva hamAre mastiSka meM bhinna-bhinna haiM. hama isakI kalpanA bhI nahIM kara sakate ki ye eka dUsare para nirbhara rahate hoM yA eka dUsare meM parivartita ho sakate hoM. isase jainadarzana ke isa siddhAMta kI puSTi hotI hai ki sabhI dravya svataMtra pariNamana karate haiM aura koI kisI ke adhIna nahIM hai. uttarAdhyayana sUtra a028 gAthA ke anusAra 'aNaMtANi ya davvANi kAlo puggala jaMtavo' arthAt kAla dravya ananta hai. tathA alokAkAza meM kAla Adi dravya nahIM hai. jainadarzana kI ina donoM mAnyatAoM kI puSTi eDiMgTana ne kI hai :The World is closed in space dimensions ( lokAkAza ) but it opens at both ends its time dimensions. I shall use the phrase arrow to express this one way property which has no analogue in space. 1. Now a days it is agreed that ether is not a kind of matter, being non-material, its properties are quite unique, characters such as a mass and rigidity which we meet with in matter will naturally be absent in ether but that ether will have new definite characters of its own............. ..non material ocean of ether. The Nature of the physical world P. 31. 2. Thus it is proved that Science and Jain physics agree absolutely so far as they call Dharm (ether) non-material, non-atomic, non-discrete, continuous, co-extensive with space, in divisible and as a necessary medium for motion and one which does not it self move. V W www W For rival & Perser Use Only wwww.jatrewdrary.org
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________________ kanhaiyAlAla loDhA : jainadarzana aura vijJAna : 333 jaina darzana loka ko parimita mAnatA hai aura aloka ko aparimita. loka ko chaH dravya rUpa mAnatA hai aura aloka kevala eka AkAza dravyamaya hai. pro0 alabarTa AiMsTIna ne bhI loka aura aloka kI bheda-rekhA khIMcate hue jo vyakta kiyA hai usase jaina darzana kI lokaviSayaka uparyukta mAnyatA kA pUrNa samarthana hotA hai. AiMsTIna kA kathana hai :--"loka parimita hai, aloka aparimita. loka ke parimita hone ke kAraNa dravya athavA zakti loka ke bAhara nahIM jA sakatI. loka ke bAhara usa zakti (dravya) kA abhAva hai, jo gati meM sahAyaka hotI hai." jaina darzana ne bhI aloka meM dravyoM ke abhAva kA kAraNa gati meM sahAyaka dharmAstikAya ke abhAva ko hI batAyA hai. kitanI Azcaryajanaka samAnatA hai donoM ke siddhAntoM meM ! pudgala-paramANu ajIva kA pA~cavA~ bheda pudgala (Matter) hai. vizva ke dRzyamAna saMpUrNa padArtha isI ke aMtargata Ate haiM. pudgala varNa, gaMdha, rasa va sparza yukta hotA hai. pudgala kA sUkSmatama avibhAgI aMza 'paramANu' kahA gayA hai. jaina darzana sonA, cAMdI, zIsA, pArA, miTTI, lohA, koyalA, patthara, bhApa, gaisa Adi sarva padArthoM ko eka hI prakAra ke paramANuoM se nirmita mAnatA hai. padArthoM kI bhinnatA kA kAraNa kevala paramANuoM ke snigdhatA aura rUkSatA Adi guNoM ke aMtara meM nihita mAnatA hai. usake anusAra paramANu paramANu ke bIca koI bheda nahIM hai. koI bhI paramANu kAlAMtara meM kisI bhI paramANu rUpa pariNamana kara sakatA hai. Adhunika vijJAna pahale isa tathya ko svIkAra nahIM karatA thA tathA 62 prakAra ke maulika paramANu mAnatA thA. parantu aNu kI racanA ke AviSkAra ne siddha kara diyA ki saba padArthoM kI racanA eka hI prakAra ke paramANuoM se huI hai aura inakA antara kevala unake aMhita dhanANu (Proton) aura RNANu (Electron) kI saMkhyAbheda se hai. yahI nahIM, prayogazAlA meM vaijJAnikoM ne eka tattva ko dUsare tattva meM parivartita kara ukta siddhAnta ko vyAvahArika satya pramANita kiyA. vaijJAnika vaijAmina ne pAre ko sone meM badala diyA. aneka prayogazAlAoM meM pleTinam ko sone meM badalane ke prayoga saphala ho cuke haiM. ThANAMga sUtra, sthAnaka 2 u0 3 meM pudgala ke svarUpa kA varNana karate hue kahA hai ..... 'duvihA poggalA paNNattA, taMjahA paramANupoggalA ceva noparamANupoggalA ceva, arthAt pudgala ke do bheda haiM (1) paramANu -jisakA vibhAga na ho tathA (2) skaMdha-bahuta se paramANuoM kA samudAya. abhiprAya yaha hai ki paramANuoM se skandha aura skandhoM ke samudAya se vastunirmANa hotA hai. paramANuoM se skandha kA nirmANa kaise hotA hai, isa viSaya meM pannavaNAsUtra ke trayodaza pariNAmapada meM varNana AyA hai-'goyamA ! duvihe pariNAme paNNatte taMjahA................ samaNiddhayAe baMdho na hoI, samalukkhayAe vi Na hoI, vemAyaNiddhalukkhattaNeNaM. Niddhasya NiddheNa duyAhieNaM, lukkhassa lukkheNa duyAhieNaM. Niddhasya lukkheNa uvei baMdho, jaghannavajjo visamo samo vA.' yahA~ Agama meM aneka paramANuoM meM nihita snigdhatA aura rUkSatA batalAte hue kahA hai'samAna guNa vAle snigdha aura samAna guNa vAle rUkSa paramANu baMdha ko prApta nahIM hote. baMdha snigdhatA aura rUkSatA kI mAtrA meM viSamatA se hotA hai. do guNa adhika hone se snigdha kA snigdha ke sAtha tathA rUkSa kA rUkSa ke sAtha baMdha ho jAtA hai. snigdha kA rUkSa ke sAtha bhI baMdha ho jAtA hai. kintu jadhanya guNa vAle kA viSama yA sama kisI ke sAtha baMdha nahIM hotA. arthAt eka guNa snigdha aura eka guNa rUkSa paramANuoM meM baMdhana nahIM hotA. jaina darzanikoM ne jaise snigdhatA aura rUkSatA ko baMdhana kA kAraNa mAnA, vaijJAnikoM ne bhI padArtha ke dhanavidyut aura RNavidyut, ina do svabhAvoM ko baMdhana kA kAraNa mAnA. tathA jaise jaina darzana paramANu mAtra meM snigdhatA aura rUkSatA mAnatA hai, Adhunika vijJAna bhI padArtha mAtra meM dhanavidyut tathA RNavidyut mAnatA hai. tattvArtha sUtra adhyAya 5 sUtra 34 kI sarvArthasiddhi TIkA meM AkAza meM camakane vAlI vidyut kI utpatti kA vivecana karate hue kahA hai'-"snigdharUkSaguNa 1. DA0 vI0 ela0 zIla kA kathana hai ki jaina dArzanika isa bAta se pUrNa paricita the ki pojeTiva aura negeTiva vidyutakaNoM ke milane se vidyut utpanna hotI hai. Jain Edation Interational, Sopluse kaly yoniainelibrary.org
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________________ -0--0-0--0--0--0--0--0-0-0 334 : muni zrohajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya nimitto vidyut" arthAt vidyut snigdha rUkSa guNoM ke milana kA pariNAma hai. yoM kaheM ki snigdha guNa se dhana (Positive) vidyut aura rUkSa guNa se (Negativc) vidyut utpanna hotI hai. aura ina donoM ko vidyamAnatA pratyeka padArtha meM anivArya hai. isa prakAra ANavika baMdhana ke kAraNabhUta siddhAnta meM jaina darzana aura vijJAna donoM eka mata hai. jaina darzana kI bhASA meM use snigdha aura rUkSa guNoM kA saMyoga kahA hai jaba ki vijJAna kI bhASA dhana aura RNa vidyut kA saMyoga kahatI hai. yahI nahIM, vijJAna ne jaina darzana ke isa siddhAnta ko-ki do guNa se adhika hone para snigdha kA snigdha ke sAtha aura rakSa kA rUkSa ke sAtha baMdha hotA hai-svIkAra kara liyA hai. vijJAna ne bhArI RNANu (Heavy Electrons) ko svIkAra kiyA hai, use negeTrona (Negatrons) kahA jAtA hai. yaha sAdhAraNa RNANu kA hI samudAya hai, isa prakAra yaha RNANu kA RNANu ke sAtha arthAt rUkSa kA rUkSa ke sAtha baMdhana hai. isI prakAra proTona snigdha kA snigdha ke sAtha tathA nyUTrona snigdha kA rUkSa ke sAtha baMdhana kA pariNAma hai. jainadarzana paramANu ko niraMtara gatizIla mAnatA hai. vijJAna bhI kahatA hai ki pratyeka paramANu meM RNANu (ilokTrona) haiM aura pratyeka ilokTrona prati sekiNDa apanI kakSA para 1300 mIla kI cAla se cakkara kATatA hai. prakAza kI gati prati saikiNDa 186000 mIla hai. jaina zAstroM meM pudgala kA varNana karate hue kahA hai:-- sahandhayAra-ujjoo, pabhA chAyA''tave i vA , varaNarasagaMdhaphAsA, puggalANaM tu lakkhaNaM / uttarAdhyayana sUtra a0 28 gA0 12. arthAt zabda, aMdhakAra, udyota, prabhA, chAyA, Atapa evaM varNa, gaMdha, rasa sparza ye pudgala haiM. inameM se zabda, aMdhakAra, prakAza, prabhA, chAyA, aura tApa ko paudgalika mAnanA jaina darzana kI nijI vizeSatA thI, jo anya darzanoM se nirAlI hI thI. 'zabda' hI ko liijie| pahale yaha AkAza kA guNa mAnA jAtA thA. isa viSaya meM pro0 e0 cakravartI kA mata dekhie:The Jain account of sound is a physical concept. All other Indian systems spoke of sound as a quality of space. But jainism cxplains in relation with material particles as a result of concission of atmospheric molecules. To prove this the jain thinkers employed arguments which are now generally found in the text Book of physics. yahA~ yaha dikhalAyA gayA hai ki anya saba bhAratIya vicAradhArAe~ zabda ko AkAza kA guNa mAnatI rahI haiM jaba ki jainadarzana use pudgala mAnatA hai. jaina darzana kI isa vilakSaNa mAnyatA ko vijJAna ne puSTa kara diyA hai aura aba vaha pAThyapustakoM para bhI utara rahI hai. Adhunika vaijJAnika mAnate haiM ki 'zabda' zakti (energy) rUpa hai aura yaha prati ghaMTA 1100 mIla kI gati se Age bar3hatA hai. parantu vijJAna ke naye AviSkAroM ne zakti ko padArtha kA hI sUkSma rUpa svIkAra kara liyA hai. ataH zakti aba padArtha se bhinna prakAra kI koI vastu nahIM raha gaI hai. prophesara maiksaborna likhate haiM-Energy and mass are just different names for the same thing-arthAt zakti aura padArtha eka hI vastu ke do alaga-alaga nAma haiM. yahI nahIM, AIsTIna ke sApekSavAda ke anusAra zakti bhAra sahita pramANita ho cukI hai, sAtha hI padArthatva (mass) vAlI bhI. vijJAna aMdhakAra, prakAza, chAyA, tApa ko zakti (energy) rUpa mAnatA hai aura pahale kaha Aye haiM ki zakti pudgala kA hI rUpAntara mAtra hai. ataH ye pudgala hI haiM. isa prakAra janadarzana ke inako paudgalika mAnane ke siddhAMta kI pUrNa puSTi ho jAtI hai. aMdhakAra, chAyA aura prakAza kA vivecana karate hue likhA hai:aMdhakAra kevala prakAza tathA vyaktIkaraNa paTTiyoM (Interferance bands) para gaNanA yaMtra (counting machine) calAyA jAya to kAlI paTTI meM se vidyut rIti se vidyuddaNDa nisRta hote haiM. isase siddha hotA hai ki kAlI paTTI kevala prakAza kA abhAva hI nahIM kintu zakti (energy) kA rUpAMtara bhI hai. ataH aMdhakAra aura chAyA urjA ke bhI THATRAPATI -S SINESS S ma Jain Educando tematto
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________________ kanhaiyAlAla loDhA darzana aura vijJAna 232 : rUpAntara haiM' vaijJAnikoM ne aba prakAza aura tApa kI mAtrA ko bhI nApa liyA hai. unakA kahanA hai ki prakAza vidyut cumbakIya tatva hai aura eka varga mIla kSetra para eka miniTa meM sUrya se girane vAle prakAza kI mAtrA kA taula DhAI tolA hai. tathA tIna hajAra Tana patthara ke koyale jalAne se utpanna tApa kA vajana lagabhaga eka mAzA ke barAbara hotA hai. jaina zAstroM meM iyya kA lakSaNa batAte hue kahA- 'sad dravyalakSaNam. utpAdavyayazravyayuktaM sat (tattvArtha sUtra a0 5 sUtra 26-30) arthAt dravya sat hai aura sat use kahate haiM jo utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya guNa yukta ho. arthAt jainadarzana yaha mAnatA hai ki vastu apane astitva rUpa meM nitya rahatI hai, usakA nAza kabhI bhI nahIM hotA. utpatti aura vinAza to usakI paryAyeM mAtra haiM. jaise svarNa ke mukuTa ko tor3akara kuMDala banA dene para bhI svarNatva yathAvat banA rahatA hai. yaha svarNatva dhrauvya hai aura mukuTa ke AkAra kA nAza aura kuMDala ke AkAra kA nirmANa isakI vyaya aura utpAda paryAyeM arthAt rUpAntara mAtra haiM. isI prakAra saba dravya dhruva haiM, na to zUnya se kisI dravya kA nirmANa hI saMbhava haiM aura na koI dravya apanA astitva khokara zUnya banatA hai. isI mata kA samarthana karate hue vaijJAnika levAIjara (Lavoiser) likhate haiM.Nothing can be created in every process there is just as much substance (quality of matters) present before and after the process has taken place. There is only change of modification of matter (from law of indestructibility of matter as defind by Lavioser) arthAt kisI bhI kriyA se kucha bhI navIna utpatti nahIM kI jA sakatI aura pratyeka kriyA ke pUrva aura pazcAt kI padArtha kI mAtrA meM koI aMtara nahIM par3atA hai. kriyA se kevala padArtha kA rUpa parivartita hotA hai. DemokrAiTasa kA abhimata hai-- vijJAna ke 'zakti sthiti' (censervation of Energy ), vastu avinAzitva (law of Indestructibility ) ' zakti kI parivartanazIlatA' (Transformation of Energy ) Adi siddhAMta spaSTa pramANita karate haiM ki nAzavAna padArtha meM bhI dhruvatva hai. Nothing can never become some thing and some thing can become nothing arthAt kucha nahIM se kisI padArtha kI utpatti nahIM ho sakatI aura koI padArtha abhAva ko prApta nahIM ho sakatA. jaina darzana ke paramANusiddhAMta kI sacAI se prabhAvita hokara Dr. G. S. Mallinathan likhate haiM- A Student of Science, if reads the Jain treatment of matter will be surprised to find many corresponding ideas. arthAt eka vijJAna kA vidyArthI jaba jainadarzana kA paramANusiddhAMta par3hatA hai to vijJAna aura jainadarzana meM Azcaryajanaka samatA pAtA hai. risarcaskAlara paM0 mAdhavAcArya kA kathana hai ki Adhunika vijJAna ke sarvaprathama janmadAtA bhagavAn mahAvIra the. lezyA jaina darzana 'mana' ko AtmA se bhinna anAtma, jar3a, aura eka vizeSa prakAra ke pudgaloM (manovargaNA ke dravyoM) se nirmita padArtha mAnatA hai tathA usameM una guNoM ko svIkAra karatA hai jo pudgala meM vidyamAna haiM arthAt mana ko bhI pudgala kI bhAMti varNa, AkAra va zakti yukta mAnatA hai. AgamoM meM mana ke vibhinna staroM kA vargIkaraNa lezyAoM ka rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai. lezyAe~ 6 prakAra kI hotI hai: (1) kRSNa lezyA (2) nIla lezyA (3) kApota lekhA (4) pIta (tejas) levA (5) padma lezyA (6) zukla lezyA. ve kamazaH (1) azubhatama bhAva (2) azubhatarabhAva (2) azubhabhAva (4) zubhabhAva (5) zubhatarabhAva (6) zubhatama bhAva kI abhivyaMjaka haiM. atyanta mahattva kI bAta to yaha hai ki lezyAoM kA nAmakaraNa kAle, nIle, kabUtarI, pIle, halkA gulAbI, zubhra Adi 1. navanIta 55 sitambara, pRSTha 28 Jain Eernational Camerary.org
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________________ 336 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya raMgoM ke AdhAra kA kiyA gayA hai. yaha isa bAta kA spaSTa dyotaka hai ki kisa prakAra ke vicAroM se kisa prakAra kI manovargaNAe~ utpanna hotI haiM. atIva hiMsA, krodha, krUratA Adi azubhatama bhAva kRSNalezyA ke antargata hote haiM. ina bhAvoM se kRSNa varNa kI manovargaNAe~ paidA hotI haiM aura ye lezyAvAle vyakti ke cAroM ora bAdaloM ke samAna phaila jAtI haiM. isI prakAra azubhatara, azubha, zubha, zubhatara, zubhatama bhAvoM se nIle, kabUtarI, pIle, halkA gulAbI, zubhra, varNa ke manovargaNAoM ke meghoM ke samudAya meM na kevala varNa hI hotA hai apitu AkAra evaM zakti bhI hotI hai. vicAroM meM raMga, AkAra, zakti hotI hai, isa tathya ko perisa ke prasiddha DAkTara veraDuka ne yaMtroM kI sahAyatA se pratyakSa dikhAyA hai. unhoMne vicAroM se AkAza meM jo citra banate haiM una citroM ke eka vizeSa yaMtra se phoTo bhI lie haiM. yathAHeka lar3akI apane pAle hue pakSI kI mRtyu para vilApa kara rahI thI. usa samaya ke vicAroM kI phoTo lI gaI to mRta pakSI kA phoTo piMjar3e sahita pleTa para A gayA . eka strI apane zizu ke zoka meM tallIna baiThI thI. usake vicAroM kA phoTo liyA gayA to mRta bacce kA citra pleTa para utara AyA. Adi AdizrI veraDuka kA kathana hai ki jaisA saMkalpa hotA hai usakA vaisA hI AkAra hotA hai aura usI ke anusAra usa AkRti kA raMga bhI hotA hai. AkAza meM, saMkalpa dvArA nAnA rUpa banate haiM. ina rUpoM kI bAhya rekhA kI spaSTatA-aspaSTatA saMkalpoM kI tIvratA ke tAratamya para nirbhara hai. raMga vicAroM kA anusaraNa karate haiM; yathA-prema evaM bhakti yukta vicAra gulAbI raMga, tarka-vitarka pIle raMga, svArtha-paratA hare raMga tathA krodha lAla mizrita kAle raMga ke AkAroM ko paidA karate haiM. acche vicAroM ke raMga bahuta sundara aura prakAzamAna hote haiM, unase reDiyama ke samAna hI sadaiva teja nikalA karatA hai. (dekhiye--'saMkalpasiddhi" vicAroM ke rUpa aura raMga.) jaina zAstroM meM eka anya lezyA kA bhI varNana milatA hai. use tejolezyA kahA gayA hai. AgamoM meM isakI prAptiheta tapazcaryA kI eka vizeSa vidhi batalAI gaI hai. tejolezyA vidyutIya zakti ke samAna guNa-dharmavAlI hotI hai. isake' do rUpa haiM. eka uSNa tejolezyA, dUsarI zItala tejolezyA. aNu yA vidyut zakti ke samAna yaha bhI do prakAra se prayoga meM lAI jAtI hai. isakA eka prayoga saMhArAtmaka hai aura dUsarA prayoga saMrakSaNAtmaka. prathama prayoga meM prayoktA apane manojagata se uSNatA svabhAva vAlI uSNa tejolezyA kI vidyutIya zakti kA prakSepaNa karatA hai jo vistAra ko prApta ho aMga, baMga, magadha, malaya, mAlava Adi solaha dezoM kA saMhAra (bhasma) karane meM samartha hotI hai. dUsare prayoga meM prayoktA zItala svabhAvavAlI zItala tejolezyA kI zakti kA prayoga kara prakSepita uSNa tejolezyA ke dAhaka svabhAva ko zUnyavat kara detA hai. uSNa tejolezyA kA prayoga gozAlaka ne bhagavAn mahAvIra para kiyA thA. phalata: bha0 mahAvIra ke do ziSya bhasma ho gaye aura svayaM sarvasamartha bha0 mahAvIra ko bhI atisAra roga ho gayA jisase bha. mahAvIra chaH mAsa taka pIr3ita rahe. isa zakti ke prayoga ke viSaya meM zramaNa kAlodAyI bha0 mahAvIra se pUchatA hai aura bhagavAn savistAra uttara dete haiM: aho kAlodAyi ! kruddha anagAra se tejo lezyA nikalakara dUra gaI huI dUra giratI hai, pAsa gaI huI pAsa meM giratI hai. vaha tejolezyA jahA~ giratI hai, vahA~ usake acitta pudgala prakAza karate yAvat tapate haiM. uparyukta vivaraNa se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki tejolezyA eka vidyutIya zakti-sI hai. isa viSaya meM vijJAna kI vartamAna upalabdhiyoM se Azcarya-janaka samAnatA milatI hai : 1. bhagavatI-zataka 15 2. solasarAhaM jaNavayANaM taMjahA-aMgANaM, vaMgANaM; magahANaM, malagANaM, mAlavagANaM, acchANa', vacchA, kocchANa, pAhANa, lADhANa vajjINa', molINaM, kAsINa', kosalANa', avAhANaM, samuttarANa', ghAtAe, bahAra ucchAdaNaTThAe bhAsIkaraNayAya. -bhagavatI, zataka 15 3. kuddhassa aNagArarasa teulessA nisaDhAsamANI dUraM gaMtA dUraM nipatai, desaM gaMtA detaM nipataI, tahi tahiM jaM te acittA vi poggalA aobhAtati jAva pabhAsaMti. bhagavAtI zataka 78010 PURIHIT LATEGORN Rahuanim o INAR Umap JainE Usibrary.org
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________________ kanhaiyAlAla loDhA : jainadarzana aura vijJAna : 337 "vicAra' zakti kI parIkSA karane ke lie DAkTara veraDuka ne eka yaMtra taiyAra kiyA hai. eka kAMca ke pAtra meM suI ke sadRza eka mahIna tAra lagAyA hai aura mana ko ekAgra karake thor3I dera taka vicAra-zakti kA prabhAva usa para DAlane se suI hilane lagatI hai. yadi icchA-zakti nirbala ho to usameM kucha bhI halacala nahIM hotI. vicAra-zakti kI gati bijalI se bhI tIvra hai. pRthvI ke eka kone se dUsare kone taka eka saikeMDa ke 16 veM bhAga meM 12000 mIla taka vicAra jA sakatA hai." vicAra ke samaya mastiSka meM vidyut utpanna hotI hai aura usakA asara bhI mikanAtIsI suI dvArA nApA gayA hai. jisa prakAra yaMtroM dvArA vidyut taraMgoM kA prasAraNa aura grahaNa hotA hai aura reDiyo, TelIgrAma, TelIphona, TelIpriMTara, TelIvIjana Adi usa vidyut ko mAnava ke lie upayogI va lAbhaprada sAdhana banA dete haiM, isI prakAra vicAra-vidyut kI laharoM kA bhI eka vizeSa prakriyA se prasAraNa aura grahaNa hotA hai. isa prakriyA ko TelIpaithI kahA jAtA hai. yaha pahale likhA jA cukA hai ki TelIpaithI ke prayoga se hajAroM mIla dUrastha vyakti bhI vicAroM kA AdAna-pradAna va preSaNa-grahaNa kara sakate haiM. bhaviSya meM yahI TelIpaithI kI prakriyA sarala aura sugama ho janasAdhAraNa ke lie bhI mahAn lAbhadAyaka siddha hogI, aisI pUrI sambhAvanA hai. Azaya yaha hai ki ati prAcIna kAla hI se jaina jagat ke manovijJAnavettA mana ke pudgalatva, varNa, vidyutIya zakti Adi guNoM se bhalIbhAMti paricita the. jaba ki isa kSetra meM Adhunika vijJAnavettA abhI taka bhI usake eka aMza kA hI anveSaNa kara pAye haiM. jJAna jainazAstroM meM jJAna kA varNana karate hue kahA hai : tattha paMcavihaM nANaM, suya AbhiNibohiya / ohinANaM tu taiyaM maNanANaM ca kevalaM ||-uttraadhyyn a0 28 gAthA 4 arthAt jJAna pAMca prakAra kA hai-mati, zruta, avadhi, manaHparyava aura kevala jJAna. inameM se mati aura zruta jJAna to prAyaH sarvamAnya haiM parantu zeSa tIna jJAna ke astitva para anya dArzanika ApattiyAM upasthita karate rahe haiM. lekina Adhunika vaijJAnika anveSaNa ne inako satya pramANita kara diyA hai. jJAna ke svarUpa kA varNana karate hue bhagavatI sUtra za01 u0 3 meM kahA hai-avadhi jJAna se maryAdA sahita sakala rUpI dravya, manaHparyavajJAna se dUrastha saMjJI jIvoM ke manogata bhAva tathA kevalajJAna se tIna loka yugapat jAnA jAtA hai. isI viSaya para vaijJAnikoM ke vicAra va nirNaya dRSya haiM-- DA0 vagArnaDa thigA likhate haiM:2 "pIniyala AI" nAmaka granthi kA astitva mAnava mastiSka ke pichale bhAga meM hai. graMthi hamAre mastiSka kA atyaMta sabala reDiyo tantra hai jo dUsaroM kI AMtarika dhvani, vicAra aura citra grahaNa karatI hai. isakA vikAsa hone para vyakti duniyA bhara ke logoM ke mana ke bheda jAna sakane meM samartha ho jAyegA. manuSya-manuSya ke bIca koI durAva na raha sakegA. koI kisI se kucha chipA kara na rakha sakegA." lekhaka kA yaha bhI kahanA hai ki yaha zakti prAcIna kAla meM vidyamAna thI, bAda meM lupta ho gaI. tathA DA. karve kA kathana hai-"pAMca indriyoM ke atirikta eka chaThI indriya bhI hai jo agamya hai, jise hama atIndriya bhI kaha sakate haiM. manuSya prayatna kare to isa chaThI indriya kA vikAsa ho sakatA hai. isa indriya yA zakti ke kAraNa hama dUsaroM ke mana kI bAta jAna sakate haiM. mana ke vicAra jAnane ke atirikta aise loga dUra ghaTI ghaTanA kI sUcanA bhI prApta kara sakate haiM. kucha varSoM pUrva aisI bAteM karane vAloM ko 1. dekhiye-saMkalpa siddhi -adhyayana-vicArazakti. 2. navanIta aprela 53 3. navanIta julAI 55 Jain Education Interational
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________________ 338 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya ----0-0--0--0--0--0--0--0-0 loga mUrkha mAnate the lekina idhara suprasiddha vijJAnavettAoM ne kAphI zodhakArya ke pazcAt isa tathya meM vizvAsa karanA Arambha kara diyA hai. kucha vidvAnoM kA vizvAsa hai ki prAcIna kAla meM isa zakti kA bahuta vikAsa huA thA. isI ke samarthana meM eka anya vaijJAnika kA mantavya' hai-"anadekhI aura anajAnI cIjoM ke bAre meM sahI-sahI batA dene kI tAkata ko hI aMgrejI meM 'sikstha seMsa' arthAt chaThI sUjha kahate haiM. samaya aura dUrI kI sImA meM hI nahIM balki kisI dUsare ke mana aura mastiSka kI abhedya sImA ke andara bhI Apa isa sUjha ke jariye AsAnI se praveza pA sakate haiM. kyA yaha saca hai ? kyA sacamuca hI aisI tAkata kisI meM ho sakatI hai ? bAta kucha asambhava sI dIkhatI hai. para hai yaha satya. isase inkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA". dUrastha mAnava ke mana ko vinA kisI bhautika mAdhyama (reDiyo, tAra, TelIphona Adi) ke hajAroM mIla dUrastha vyakti ke sAtha kevala mana ke mAdhyama se vicAroM kA AdAna-pradAna preSaNa-grahaNa karane kI prakiyA ko TelIpaithI kahate haiM. Aja TelIpaithI ke vikAsa meM amerIkA aura rUsa meM hor3a lagI hai. kucha samaya pUrva amerIkA ke prayogakartAoM ne hajAroM mIla dUra sAgara ke garbha meM calane vAlI panaDubbiyoM ke cAlakoM ko TelIpaithI prakriyA se saMdeza bhejane meM saphalatA prApta kara vizva ko cakita kara diyA hai. abhiprAya yaha hai ki dUrastha vyakti ke mana ke bhAvoM ko jAnanA Aja siddhAMtataH svIkAra kara liyA gayA hai. prasiddha vaijJAnika AInsTIna kA kathana hai ki yadi prakAza kI gati se adhika (prakAza kI gati eka seMkiDa meM 186000 mIla hai) gati kI jA sake to bhUta aura bhaviSya kI ghaTanAoM ko bhI dekhA jA sakatA hai. abhiprAya yaha hai ki vijJAna avadhi, manaHparyava va kevalajJAna ke astitva meM vizvAsa karane lagA hai. darzana jainAgamoM meM 'tattvArthazraddhAnam samyagdarzanam' arthAt tattvoM kI yathArtha zraddhA ko samyagarzana kahA hai. tattvoM ko yathArtha zraddhA syAdvAda ke vinA honA asaMbhava hai. kAraNa ki syAdvAda hI eka aisI dArzanika praNAlI hai jo tattva ke yathArtha svarUpa kA digdarzana karatI hai. pratyeka tattva yA padArtha anaMta guNoM kA bhaMDAra hai. una ananta guNoM meM ve guNa bhI sammilita haiM jo paraspara meM virodhI haiM phira bhI eka hI deza aura kAla meM eka sAtha pAye jAte haiM. ina virodhI tathA bhinna guNoM ko vicAra-jagat meM paraspara na TakarAne dekara unakA samIcIna sAmaJjasya yA samanvaya kara denA hI syAdvAda, sApekSavAda yA anekAMtavAda hai. alavarTa AinsTIna ke sApekSavAda (Theory of Relativity) ke AviSkAra (jainAgamoM kI dRSTi se AviSkAra nahIM) ke pUrva jainadarzana ke isa sApekSavAda siddhAMta ko anya darzanakAra anizcayavAda, saMzayavAda Adi kahakara makhaula kiyA karate the. parantu Adhunika bhautika vijJAna ne dvandvasamAgama (do virodhoM kA samAgama) siddhAMta dekara dArzanika jagat meM krAnti kara dI hai. bhautika vijJAna ke siddhAMtAnusAra paramANu mAtra AkarSaNa guNavAle dhanANu (Proton) aura vikarSaNa guNa vAle RNANu (Electron) ke saMyoga kA hI pariNAma hai. arthAt dhana aura RNa athavA AkarSaNa aura vikarSaNa ina donoM virodhoM kA samAgama hI padArtharacanA kA kAraNa hai. pahale kaha Aye haiM ki jaise jainadarzana padArtha ko nitya (dhruva) aura anitya (utpatti aura vinAza yukta) mAnatA hai usI prakAra vijJAna bhI padArtha ko nitya (dravya rUpa se kabhI naSTa nahIM hone vAlA) tathA anitya (rUpAMtarita hone vAlA) mAnatA hai. isa prakAra do virodhI guNoM ko eka padArtha meM eka hI deza aura eka hI kAla meM yugapat mAnanA donoM hI kSetroM meM sApekSavAda kI dena hai. 1. navanIta julAI 52 pRSTha 40 2. tattvArthasUtra a01 sUtra 2
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________________ kanhaiyAlAla loyA jainadarzana aura vijJAna 330 : do relagADiyAM eka hI dizA meM pAsa-pAsa 40 mIla aura 30 mIla kI gati se cala rahI haiM to 30 mIla kI gati se calane vAlI gAr3I kI savAriyoM ko pratIta hogA ki unakI gAr3I sthira hai aura dUsarI gAr3I 40-30 = 10 mIla kI gati se Age bar3ha rahI hai, jaba ki bhUmi para sthita darzaka vyaktiyoM kI dRSTi meM gADiyAM 40 mIla aura 30 mIla kI gati se cala rahI haiM. isa prakAra gAr3iyoM kA sthira honA va vibhinna gatiyoM kA honA sApekSa hI hai. jisa prakAra syAdvAda meM 'asti' aura 'nAsti' kI bAta milatI hai usI prakAra 'hai' aura 'nahIM' kI bAta vaijJAnika kSetra ke sApekSavAda meM bhI milatI hai. padArtha ke tola ko hI lIjie. jisa padArtha ko sAdhAraNataH hama eka mana kahate haiM. sApekSavAda kahatA hai yaha 'hai' bhI aura 'nahIM' bhI. kAraNa ki kamAnIdAra tulA se jisa padArtha kA bhAra pRthvI ke dharAtala para eka mana hogA vaha hI padArtha, mAtrA meM koI parivartana na hone para bhI parvata kI coTI para tolane para eka mana se kama bhAra kA hogA. parvata kI coTI jitanI adhika U~cI hogI bhAra utanA hI kama hogA. adhika U~cAI ke kAraNa hI upagraha meM sthita vyakti, jo pRthvI ke dharAtala para Der3ha-do mana vajana vAlA hotA hai, vahA~ vaha bhArahIna ho jAtA hai. padArtha yA vyakti kA bhinna-bhinna sthAnoM para bhinna-bhinna vajana kA honA apekSAkRta hI hai. dUsarA udAharaNa aura lIjie- eka AdamI liphTa meM khar3A hai. usake hAtha meM saMtarA hai. jaise hI liphTa nIce utaranA zurU karatA hai vaha AdamI usa saMtare ko girAne ke lie hathelI ko ulTI kara detA hai. parantu vaha dekhatA hai ki saMtarA nIce nahIM gira rahA hai aura usI kI hathelI se cipaka rahA hai tathA usake hAtha para dabAva bhI par3a rahA hai. kAraNa yaha hai ki saMtarA jisa gati se nIce gira rahA hai usase liphTa ke sAtha nIce jAne vAle AdamI kI gati adhika hai. aisI sthiti meM vaha saMtarA nIce gira rahA hai aura nahIM bhI liphTa ke bAhara khar3e vyakti kI dRSTi se to vaha nIce gira rahA hai parantu liphTa meM khar3e manuSya kI dRSTi se nahIM. Adhunika vijJAna isI sApekSavAda ke siddhAMta (Theory of relativity) kA upayoga kara dina dUnI aura rAta caugunI unnati kara rahA hai. sApekSavAda na kevala vijJAna ke kSetra meM balki dArzanika, rAjanaitika Adi anya saba hI kSetroM kI ulajhana bharI samasyAoM ko sulajhAne ke lie varadAna siddha ho rahA hai. amerikA ke prasiddha vidvAn pro0 DA0 ArcA pI0 eca0 DI0 anekAMta kI mahattA vyakta karate hue likhate haiM - The Anekant is an important principle of jain logic, not commonly asserted by the western or Hindu logician, which promises much for world place through metaphysical harmony. isI prakAra jaina darzana ke 'karmasiddhAMta' aura vijJAna kI navIna zAkhA 'parAmanovijJAna', aNu kI asIma zakti kA AvirbhAva karane vAle vijJAna kI aNu-bhedana prakriyA aura AtmA kI asIma zakti kA AvirbhAva karane vAlI bheda-vijJAna kI prakriyA Adi gaNita siddhAMtoM meM nihita samatA va sAmaJjasya ko dekhakara unakI dena ke prati mastaka AbhAra se jhuka jAtA hai. sArAMza yaha hai ki jainAgamoM meM praNIta siddhAMta itane maulika evaM satya haiM ki vijJAna ke abhyudaya se unheM kisI prakAra kA AghAta nahIM pahu~cane vAlA hai, pratyut ve pahale se bhI adhika nikhara uThane vAle haiM. tathA vijJAna ke mAdhyama se ve vizva ke kone-kone meM jana sAdhAraNa taka pahu~cane vAle haiM. vijJAna jagat meM abhI hAla hI kI cAtmatasvazodha se AvirbhUta Atma-astitva kI saMbhAvanAe~ evaM upalabdhiyA~ vizva ke bhaviSya kI ora zubha saMketa haiM. vijJAna kI bahumukhI pragati ko dekhate hue yaha dRr3ha va nizcaya ke svara meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki vaha dina dUra nahIM hai jaba Atma-jJAna aura vijJAna ke madhya kI khAI paTa jAyegI aura donoM paraspara pUraka va sahAyaka bana jAyeMge. vijJAna kA vikAsa usa samaya vizva ko svarga banA degA, jisa meM abhAva, abhiyoga tathA IrSyA, dveSa, vaiyaktika svArtha, zoSaNa Adi burAiyA~ na hogI. mAnava kA AnaMda bhautika vastuoM para AdhArita na hokara prema, sevA, 7.
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________________ 8-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0 340 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya hue vizva Adi mAnavIya guNoM para AdhArita hogA. vijJAna kA vikAsa AdhyAtmika kSetra meM hogA, isakA samarthana karate ke mahAn vaijJAnika DA0 cArlsa sTAinameja likhate haiM:- - mahAnatama AviSkAra AtmA ke kSetra meM hoMge. eka dina mAnavajAti ko punaH pratIta ho jAyagA ki bhautika vastue~ AnaMda nahIM detI aura unakA upayoga strI puruSoM ko sRjanazIla tathA zaktizAlI banAne meM bahuta hI kama hai. taba vaijJAnika prayogazAlAoM ko Izvara aura prArthanA ke adhyayana kI ora unmukha kareMge. jaba vaha dina AyegA, taba mAnava jAti eka hI pIr3hI meM itanI vaijJAnika unnati kara sakegI jitanI Aja kI cAra pIr3hiyA~ bhI na kara pAyegI. Azaya yaha hai bhaviSya meM AtmajJAna aura vijJAna ke madhya kI bheda-rekhA miTakara donoM paraspara ghula-mila jAyeMge. vaha dina vizva ke lie varadAna siddha hogA. 1. jJAnodayaH aktUbara 1956
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________________ zrIrUpendra kumAra pagAriyA, nyAyatIrtha saptamaMgI jainadharma jitanA AcAra-jagat meM gaharA utarA hai, vicAra-jagat meM bhI utanA hI gaharA utarA hai. janma aura mRtyu jaise vikaTa saMkaTa se sarvathA mukti pAne ke lie sAdhaka ke jIvana meM AcArazuddhi aura vicAra zuddhi donoM kI AvazyakatA hai. AcAra aura vicAra donoM eka dUsare ke pUraka haiM. ekAntakriyAvAda kI pagaDaNDI para calane vAlA sAdhaka sahI vicAra ke abhAva meM apane gaMtavya sthala para nahIM pahu~ca sakatA. vizuddha AcAra ko samajhane ke lie tattva-jJAna kI AvazyakatA hotI hai. jaba taka sAdhaka ko padArtha ke sahI svarUpa kA jJAna nahIM ho jAtA taba taka vaha kitanI hI kriyA kI gaharAI meM kyoM na gayA ho, jJAna ke abhAva meM usakI sAdhanA kI saphalatA meM sandeha hI rahatA hai. use tattva-jJAna rUpa dIpaka kI AvazyakatA hai. isI dIpaka se sahAre vaha apane gaMtavya sthala para pahu~ca sakatA hai. vastu kI anantadharmAtmakatA:- kisI bhI vastu ke sacce jJAna ke lie usake sahI svarUpa ko jAnanA nitAnta Avazyaka hai. vastu anantadharmAtmaka hai. hamArA jJAna jyoM-jyoM Age bar3hatA jAtA hai tyoM-tyoM ajJAta dharma jJAta hote jAte haiM. vastu kA pUrNa jJAna honA hI sarvajJatA hai. bhautika vijJAna padArtha ke paryAyoM kI khoja karatA hai. usake guNa-dharmoM ko batAtA hai. usameM kauna-kauna sI prakriyAe~ hotI haiM, yaha bhI batAtA hai. tattvajJAna aisA nahIM karatA. vaha to padArtha ke guNoM ko svIkAra karake hI Age bar3hatA hai. ina vastuoM ke guNadharmoM kA padArtha ke sAtha kaisA sambandha hai, yaha batAne kA kAma tattvajJAna kA hai. vastu meM agaNita guNa-dharma hote haiM, jinameM kucha to jJAta hote haiM, kucha ardhajJAta aura kucha ajJAta. aisI avasthA meM yathArtha jJAna kI prApti meM kaThinAI avazya sAmane AtI hai. isa kaThinAI ke kAraNa tattvajJAna ke itihAsa meM aneka saMzayavAdoM kA janma huA hai. dArzanika tattva-vicAra meM saMzayavAda lambe samaya taka nahIM Tika sakatA. usakA samAdhAna kahIM na kahIM nikala hI AtA hai. jo loga yaha kahate haiM ki satya hamezA ajJAta rahatA hai, unakA yaha kathana bhI nirNIta satya hI to hai. bhagavAn mahAvIra ne apane samaya ke ekAMtavAdoM ko khaNDita satya kahA. una khaNDita satyoM ke ekIkaraNa ke lie unhoMne samanvayAtmaka evaM sApekSa dRSTi rakhI. yahI vyApaka dRSTi tattva-ciMtaka sAdhaka ko satya kI ora le jAtI hai. satya vizAla, vyApaka, akhaNDa aura ananta hotA hai, parantu sAmAnyataH mAnava kA parimita jJAna use sampUrNa rUpa meM jAna nahIM pAtA, khaNDarUpa meM athavA aneka aMzoM meM hI vastu kA jJAna kara pAtA hai. satya ke parijJAna ke lie athavA jJAta satya ko jIvana meM utArane ke lie vyApaka dRSTikoNa kI AvazyakatA hai. vyaSTi, samaSTi aura parameSThI-jIvana vikAsa kI yaha kramapaddhati hai. jainadarzana kI satyonmukhI anekAntadRSTi, jainadharma kA sarvasahiSNu ahiMsAsiddhAMta aura jaina paramparA kA cirAgata samanvayavAda, ye tInoM milakara eka hI kArya karate haiM aura vaha hai vyakti samaSTi ke vikAsa meM avarodhaka na bane balki samajhautA karake parameSThI se rUpa meM pariNata ho jAya-paramajyoti bana jAya. isa zreyas evaM vizAla dRSTikoNa ko jIvana meM DhAlane se pUrva vastu-tattva ke svarUpa ko samajha lenA Avazyaka hai. cetanaacetanamaya isa jagat kI pratyeka vastu anantaguNa-dharmoM kA akhaNDa piNDa hai. vaha kabhI nahIM rahI-yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA. vaha nahIM hai--yaha bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA, lekina kahA yaha jAyagA ki vaha thI, hai aura rahegI. vRtta, vartamAna aura vatiSyamAn ina tInoM kAloM meM kabhI bhI usakA abhAva nahIM hotA. ataH vastu sat hai, zAzvata hai, nitya hai, parantu kUTastha nitya nahIM, apitu pariNAmI nitya hai, kyoMki pratyeka vastu meM pratikSaNa pUrva paryAya kA vigama aura uttara paryAya kA utpAda ww wwwNa wwwww 10101010 CON Isiolo 4 utoll alolololololat Jain Education Intemational
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________________ -0-0-0--0-0-0-0-0--0-0 342 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya hotA rahatA hai. ata: dravyadRSTi se padArtha nitya hai kintu vigama aura utpAda dRSTi se arthAt paryAyadRSTi se pratikSaNa badalane vAlA pariNAmI hai. suvarNa ke kaMkaNa ko tor3akara usakA kaTisUtra banAvA DAlA. huA kyA ? AkRti badala gaI parantu usakA suvarNatva nahIM badalA. vaha to jyoM kA tyoM haiM. jaisA pahale thA vaisA aba bhI. siddhAnta yaha rahA ki-dravyaM nityaM, AkRtiH punaranityA'. pramANa aura naya-padArtha ko samajhane kI jJAnapaddhati do prakAra kI hai svArtha aura parArtha. mati Adi rUpa jJAnapaddhati svArtharUpa hai aura zabdarUpa paddhati parArtharUpa hai. parArtha-paddhati ke do bheda haiM, pramANa rUpa aura naya rUpa. ananta dharmAtmaka vastu-tattva ke samasta dharmoM ko athavA usake aneka dharmoM ko grahaNa karane vAlA jJAna pramANa hai aura usake kisI eka dharma ko grahaNa karane vAlA jJAna naya hai. jaise 'ayaM ghaTaH' yaha jJAna pramANa hai, kyoMki isameM ghaTa ke rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparza kA evaM laghuguru choTe-bar3e Adi AkArarUpa dharmoM kA jJAna ho jAtA hai. 'rUpavAn ghaTaH' yaha jJAna naya hai, kyoMki isameM ghaTa ke anantadharmoM meM se kevala eka dharma arthAt rUpa kA hI pratibhAsa hai, anya rasa, gandha Adi dharmoM kA nahIM. 'nayavAda' jainadarzana kI vyApaka vicArapaddhati hai. jainadarzana hara bAta ko 'naya' paddhati se socatA hai, usakA vizleSaNa karatA hai. jainadarzana meM aisA koI bhI sUtra yA artha nahIM jo nayazUnya ho-'natthi nayehi vihUNaM suttaM attho ya jiNamaye kiMci.' naya ko pramANa mAnA jAya yA apramANa ? yaha jaina dArzanikoM ke sAmane eka gambhIra prazna thA. yadi naya pramANa hai to vaha pramANa se bhinna kyoM hai ? aura yadi apramANa hai to yaha mithyAjJAna hogA. phira mithyAjJAna kA mUlya hI kyA hai ? isa kA samAdhAna janadArzanikoM ne bar3e acche DhaMga se kiyA hai. ve kahate haiM-naya na to pramANa hai aura na apramANa. vaha pramANa kA eka aMza hai. jaise samudra kA eka bindu samudra nahIM kahA jA sakatA parantu samudra kA aMza to kahA jA sakatA hai. pramANa kA viSaya anekAntAtmaka vastu hai aura naya kA viSaya usa vastu kA eka aMza. yahAM yaha prazna bhI ho sakatA hai ki yadi naya anantadharmAtmaka vastu ke kisI eka hI aMza ko grahaNa karatA hai to vaha mithyAjJAna hI rahegA. phira usase padArtha kA yathArtha jJAna kaise ho sakatA hai ? isakA samAdhAna AcAryoM ne asaMdigdha bhASA meM kara diyA hai. ve kahate haiMyadyapi naya anantadharmAtmaka vastu ke eka hI dharma ko grahaNa karatA hai parantu itane mAtra se use mithyAjJAna nahIM kaha sakate. eka aMza kA jJAna yadi vastu ke anya aMza kA niSedha karatA ho to use mithyA kaha sakate haiM kintu jo aMzajJAna apane se atirikta aMza kA niSedha na kara kevala apane dRSTikoNa ko hI batAtA hai use mithyAjJAna nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai. jo naya apane svIkRta dharma kA pratipAdana karate hue apane se bhinna dharma kA niSedha karatA hai vaha nissaMdeha naya na hokara nayAbhAsa yA durnaya hotA hai. nirapekSa naya durnaya hai aura sApekSa naya sunaya hai. saptabhaMgI kA rUpa :-jaisA ki hama kaha Aye haiM, padArthajJAna ke lie pramANa aura naya ye do paddhatiyA~ haiM. ina donoM paddhatiyoM kA samAveza 'saptabhaMgI' meM ho jAtA hai. saptabhaMgI kA artha hai sAta vAkyoM kA samUha arthAt eka prazna kA sAta DhaMga se uttara. kisI prazna kA uttara yA to 'hA~' meM diyA jAtA hai yA 'nahIM' meM. hA~ aura nahIM ke aucitya ko lekara hI 'saptabhaMgI' vAda kI racanA huI hai. kisI bhI padArtha ke lie apekSA ke mahattva ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue sAta prakAra ke vacanoM kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai. ve isa prakAra haiM (1) kathaMcit ghaTa hai. (2) kathaMcit ghaTa nahIM hai. (3) kathaMcit hai aura nahIM hai. (4) kathaMcit ghaTa avaktavya hai. (5) kathaMcit ghaTa hai aura avaktavya hai. (6) kathaMcit ghaTa nahIM hai aura avaktavya hai. (7) kathaMcit ghaTa hai, nahIM hai aura avaktavya hai. prazna ke vaza se eka hI vastu meM avirodha rUpa se vidhi-pratiSedha kI kalpanA hI 'saptabhaMgI' hai. kisI bhI padArtha ke viSaya NMMAR Jain Education Intematonal
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________________ 1 rUpendrakumAra pagAriyA, nyAyatIrtha : saptabhaMgI : 343 meM sAta prakAra ke prazna ho sakate haiM. isIlie saptabhaMgI kahI gaI hai. sAta prakAra ke praznoM kA kAraNa hai sAta prakAra kI jijJAsA aura sAta prakAra kI jijJAsA kA kAraNa hai sAta prakAra ke saMzaya, tathA sAta prakAra ke saMzayoM kA kAraNa hai usake viSaya rUpa vastu ke dharmoM kA sAta prakAra se honA. uparokta paribhASA se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki saptabhaMgI ke sAta 'bhaMga' kevala zAbdika kalpanA hI nahIM kintu vastu ke dharmavizeSa para Azrita haiM. isalie saptabhaMgI kA vicAra karate samaya yaha dhyAna rakhanA Avazyaka hai ki usake pratyeka bhaMga kA svarUpa vastu ke dharma ke sAtha saMbaddha ho. yadi kisI bhI padArtha kA koI bhI dharma dikhalAyA jAnA jarUrI ho to use isa prakAra dikhalAyA jAnA cAhiye jisase ki una dharmoM kA sthAna usa vastu meM se vilupta na ho jAe. jaise ki Apa ghaTa meM nityatva kA svarUpa batalAnA cAhate haiM to Apako ghaTa ke nityatva kA bodha karavAne ke lie aise upayukta zabda kA prayoga karanA cAhiye jo ghaTa kA nityatva to batAtA hI ho kintu usake anityatva Adi anya dharmoM kA virodha na karatA ho. yaha kArya saptabhaMgI dvArA hI ho sakatA hai. zaMkA-bhaMga sAta hI nahIM kintu adhika bhI ho sakate haiM jaise ki prathama aura tRtIya vikalpoM kA eka sAtha ullekha karane se nayA bhaMga bana sakatA hai. isI taraha sAtoM bhaMgoM meM se eka dUsare ke sAtha do-do yA tIna-tIna bhaMga ke jor3ane se aura bhI navIna bhaMga bana sakate haiM ? uttara-prathama aura tRtIya dharma ko milAne se utpanna navIna bhaMga ke anusAra navIna vAcya padArtha kI pratIti loka meM nahIM pAI jAtI. isI prakAra anya bhaMga ke lie bhI samajhanA cAhiye. aisI avasthA meM sAta se adhika bhaMgoM kI utpatti kA prazna hI utpanna nahIM hotA. isa prakAra eka dharma ke AdhAra se sAta hI bhaMga banate haiM, kintu padArtha anantadharmAtmaka hai, ataH ananta saptabhaMgiyA~ bhI bana sakatI haiM, kintu bhaMgoM kI maryAdA sAta hI hai. zaMkA-mAnA ki saptabhaMga se adhika bhaMga nahIM ho sakate kintu unase kama to ho sakate haiM ? kyoMki jo ghaTa svarUpa se sat hai vahI anya paTAdi rUpa se asat bhI hai, isalie 'syAdastyeva' tathA 'syAnnAstyeva' ye do dharma nahIM ghaTita ho sakate. ina donoM kA eka dUsare meM samAveza ho jAtA hai. ataH ina do bhaMgoM meM se kisI eka hI bhaMga ko mAna lo. dUsare kI AvazyakatA nahIM. samAdhAna-yaha kathana ayogya hai kyoMki sattva aura asattva donoM eka dUsare se bhinna haiM. jo sattva hai vaha asattva nahIM ho sakatA aura jo asattva hai vaha sattva nahIM ho sakatA. aisI sthiti meM donoM ko alaga-alaga hI mAnanA cAhiye. agara inheM eka dUsare se alaga nahIM mAnA jAyagA to svarUpa se sattva grahaNa ke sadRza para rUpa se bhI sattva mAnane kA prasaMga AjAyagA. aura para rUpa se asattva kI taraha svarUpa se bhI bhasattvagrahaNa kA prasaMga AjAyagA. sAtha hI bauddha loga jo trirUpa hetu tathA naiyAyika paMcarUpa hetu mAnate haiM ve bhI sattva aura asattva kI apekSA se hI mAnate haiM. arthAt-hetu kA sapakSa meM pAyA jAnA yaha sattva kI apekSA se aura vipakSa meM na pAyA jAnA yaha asattva kI apekSA se mAnA hai. unhoMne bhI sattva aura asattva ko bhinna-bhinna hI mAnA hai. yadi aisA na mAnakara sattva aura asattva meM se kisI eka ko hI mAnate to trirUpa va paMcarUpa hetu kI hAni hotI ata: unake siddhAnta se bhI sattva kA bheda hI siddha hotA hai. zaMkA-sattva aura asattva ko bhale hI bhinna-bhinna mAna leM kintu sattvAsattva svarUpa tIsare bhaMga ko alaga mAnane kI kyA AvazyakatA? kyoM ki jaise ghaTa aura paTa ina donoM ko alaga-alaga kahane para yA eka sAtha ubhaya rUpa se ghaTa-paTa kahane para bhI ghaTa-paTa kA hI jJAna hotA hai, bhinna jJAna nahIM hotA hai, ata: 'syAdasti aura syAd nAsti' mAnane ke bAda tIsarA bhaMga asti nAsti mAnanA vyartha hai. samAdhAna-pratyeka kI apekSA ubhayarUpa samudAya kA bheda anubhavasiddha hai. jaise bhinna gha aura Ta kI apekSA se samudAya rUpa 'ghaTa' isa pada ko saba vAdiyoM ne bhinna mAnA hai. yadi bhinna nahIM mAnA jAya to 'gha' itanA kahane mAtra se hI 'ghaTa' kA bodha ho jAnA cAhiye. jisa prakAra pratyeka puSpa kI apekSA se mAlA kathaMcit bhinna hai usI prakAra kramApita 'ubhayarUpa-sattva asattva', 'sattva' aura 'asatva' kI apekSA se kathaMcit bhinna hI haiM. CAREE Jain Education international varartersunresed Grememorary.org
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________________ 344 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya prazna-krama se yojita sattva-asatva ubhayarUpa kI apekSA se sahayojita sattva-asattva isa ubhayarUpa kA bheda kaise siddha ho sakatA hai ? uttara-krama se yojita kalpanA sahayojita kalpanA se bhinna hI hai, kyoMki pUrva kalpanA meM padArtha kI paryAe~ krama se kahI jAtI haiM, jabaki uttara kalpanA meM yugapad una paryAyoM kA kathana hai. yadi bheda nahIM mAnA jAyagA to punarukti doSa kI saMbhAvanA rahegI. kyoMki eka vAkya janya jo bodha hai, usI bodha ke samAna bodhajanaka yadi uttara kAla kA vAkya ho to yahI punarukti doSa hai. yahA~ para krama se yojita tRtIya bhaMga hai aura akrama se yojita caturtha bhaMga hai. tRtIya bhaMga ke dvArA utpanna jJAna-vikalpa, astitva ke sAtha nAstitva rUpa sthiti ko batalAtA hai. isa prakAra se svayaM siddha hai ki tRtIya aura caturtha bhaMga se utpanna jJAnoM meM samAna-AkAratA nahIM hai, ataH donoM bhaMga alaga-alaga hI haiM. prazna--bhaMga sAta hI nahIM kintu nau hote haiM. jaise tRtIya bhaMga meM rahe huye 'astitva-nAstitva' ke krama kA parivartana kara dene se 'nAstitva-astitva' rUpa nayA bhaMga bana jAyagA. isI prakAra sAtaveM bhaMga meM pradarzita krama ko bhI palaTa diyA jAya arthAt 'syAdasti nAsti ca pravaktavyaH' ke sthAna meM 'syAnnAsti asti ca avaktavya' banA diyA jAya to eka aura nayA bhaMga bana jAtA hai. isa prakAra bhaMgoM kI saMkhyA nau ho jAegI. nUtana bane hue bhaMgoM meM tIsare aura sAtaveM bhaMga kI punarAvRtti nahIM kahI jA sakatI hai, kyoMki astitvavizipa nAstitva kA bodha tRtIya bhaMga se hotA hai. jabaki navIna bhaMga se nAstitvaviziSTa astitva kA bodha hotA hai vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva kI viparItatA ho gaI hai, jo vizeSaNa thA vaha vizeSya bana gayA hai aura jo vizeSya thA vaha vizeSaNa bana gayA hai, yahI bAta sAtaveM bhaMga ke saMbaMdha meM bhI nUtana bhaMga ke sAtha samajhanA cAhiye. arthAt usameM bhI krama badala gayA hai, vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva kI viparItatA A gaI hai. ataH bhaMga sAta nahIM kintu nava banate haiM ? uttara-uparokta zaMkA meM kevala samajha kA hI phaira hai. vaha isa prakAra hai-tRtIya bhaMga meM rahe hue 'astitva aura nAstitva' donoM hI dharma svataMtra haiM. paraspara sApekSa rUpa se rahe hue nahIM haiM. isIliye pradhAnatA hone ke kAraNa se hI padArtha meM akktavyatA dharma kI utpatti hotI hai, tadanusAra vizeSaNa vizeSya jaisI koI sthiti nahIM hai. kintu paryAyoM meM bhUtakAlIna-bhaviSyatkAlIna aura vartamAnakAlIna dRSTikoNa se hI astitva, nAstitva aura avaktavyatva jaise vAcaka zabdoM kI AvazyakatA par3atI hai. avaktavyatva rUpa dharma asti nAsti se vilakSaNa padArtha hai. sattva mAtra hI vastu kA svarUpa nahIM hai aura kevala asatva bhI vastu kA svarUpa nahIM hai. sattva-asattva ye donoM bhI vastu kA svarUpa nahIM haiM, kyoMki ubhaya se vilakSaNa anya jAtIya rUpa se bhI vastu kA honA anubhavasiddha hai. jaise dahI, zakkara, kAlI miraca, ilAyacI, nAgakezara tathA lavaMga ke saMyoga se eka navIna jAti kA peya-rasa taiyAra ho jAtA hai, jo ki uparokta pratyeka padArtha se svAda meM aura guNa meM evaM svabhAva meM bhinna hI bana jAtA hai. phira bhI sarvathA bhinna nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai aura na sarvathA abhinna bhI kahA jA sakatA hai, evaM sarvathA avaktavya bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai. isa prakAra sAtoM hI bhaMgoM meM paraspara meM vilakSaNa artha kI sthiti samajha lenA cAhiye. ataeva pRthaka-pRthak svabhAva vAle sAtoM dharmoM kI siddhi hone se una-una dharmoM ke viSayabhUta saMzaya, jijJAsA Adi kramoM kI zreNiyA~ bhI sAta-sAta prakAra kI hotI haiM, isa prakAra pratyeka dharma ke viSaya meM sAta-sAta bhaMga hote haiM. sakalAdeza aura vikalAdeza--yaha saptabhaMgI do prakAra kI hai-eka prapANasaptabhaMgI aura dUsarI naya-saptabhaMgI. pramANavAkya ko sakalAdeza vAkya arthAt sampUrNa rUpa se padArthoM kA jJAna karAne vAlA vAkya kahate haiM aura nayavAkya ko vikalAdeza arthAt eka aMza se padArthoM kA jJAna karAnevAlA vAkya kahate haiM... prazna Apane pramANa aura naya-saptabhaMgI ke bhI sAta-sAta bheda mAne haiM kintu sAta-sAta bheda eka-eka ke nahIM siddha hote haiM kyoMki prathama dvitIya va caturtha bhaMga vastu ke eka dharma ko hI batAte haiM ata: ye tIna bhaMga nayavAkya yA vikalAdeza rUpa haiM aura tRtIya, paMcama, SaSTha aura saptama bhaMga vastu ke aneka dharmoM kA bodha karAnevAle hone se pramANavAkya yA sakalAdeza rUpa haiM.
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________________ Jain Ed rUpendrakumAra pagAriyA, nyAyatIrtha : saptabhaMgI : 345 uttara - yaha kathana ayogya hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane para to syAdvAda siddhAnta kA virodha hogA. prazna- -anya loga yaha zaMkA karate haiM ki saptabhaMgI ke saptavAkya alaga-alaga to vikalAdeza rUpa hI haiM kintu sAtoM mila kara sakalAdeza rUpa haiM. uttara - pRthak-pRthak vAkya sampUrNa arthoM ke pratipAdaka nahIM hone se vikalAdeza haiM, yaha kathana ayukta hai; kyoMki aisA mAnane para to sAtoM vAkya bhI vikalAdeza ho jAyeMge. kAraNa sAtoM vAkya milakara bhI sampUrNa artha ke pratipAdaka nahIM ho sakate . sampUrNa arthapratipAdaka to sakalazrutajJAna hI ho sakatA hai. siddhAnta ke jJAtA to yaha kahate haiM ki anantadharmAtmaka sampUrNa vastu ke bodha karAne vAle vAkya ko sakalAdeza aura eka dharmAtmaka vastu kA bodha karAne vAle vAkya ko vikalAdeza kahate haiM. kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki sakalAdeza kI dRSTi meM padArtha ananta guNa rUpa hai, jabaki vikalAdeza kI dRSTi meM padArtha eka guNa rUpa hai. sakalAdeza samaSTi rUpa hai, jaba ki vikalAdeza vyaSTi rUpa hai. parantu donoM hI apekSA pUrvaka padArtha kI vivecanA karate haiM. 'eva' pada kI sArthakatA - ina saptabhaMgoM meM anya dharmoM kA niSedha nahIM karake vidhi-viSayaka arthAt sattA ke viSaya meM bodha utpanna karAne vAlA vAkya prathama bhaMga hai. jaise 'syAt asti eva ghaTa:.' isI prakAra anya dharma kA niSedha na karake niSedha-bodha-janaka vAkya dvitIya bhaMga hai. jaise 'syAt nAsti eva ghaTa:.' 'syAdastyeva' meM asti ke bAda 'eva' lagAne kA artha yahI hai ki pratyeka padArtha svarUpa kI apekSA se astittva rUpa hI hai na ki nAstitvarUpa svarUpa kI apekSA se nAstitva kA niSedha karane ke lie hI 'eva' zabda lagAyA gayA hai. bauddhadarzana kA kathana hai ki sabhI zabdoM meM anya se vyAvRtti karAne kI zakti hone se ghaTa-paTa Adi zabdoM dvArA ghaTa se bhinna athavA paTa se bhinna padArthoM kI vyAvRtti ho jAyA karatI hai. ataH avadhAraNavAcaka 'eva' zabda kA prayoga karanA vyartha hai. uttara- - sAmAnyataH zabda vidhi rUpa se hI artha kA bodha karAte haiM. kintu saMzaya, anizcaya, avyApti, ativyApti Adi doSoM kI nivRtti ke lie evaM anya kI vyAvRtti ke lie 'eva' zabda kA prayoga anivArya hai. yaha avadhAraNavAcaka eva' tIna prakAra kA hotA hai-- 1- ayogavyavacchedabodhaka arthAt dharma-dharmI ke saMbaMdha ko samAna adhikaraNa rUpa se batAnevAlA evaM dharma-dharmoM kI ekAkAratA, ekatra sthiti-dharmatA athavA ekarUpatA batAne vAlA 'eva' ayoga-vyavacchedabodhaka kahalAtA hai. 2 - anyayogavyavacchedabodhaka - arthAt adhikRta padArtha meM iSTa dharmoM ke atirikta anya padArthoM kA athavA anya padArthoM ke dharmoM kA astitva nahIM hai, isa prakAra dUsare ke saMbaMdha kI nivRtti kA bodhaka 'eva' zabda anyayogavyavacchedabodhaka hai. da- atyantAyogavyavacdevabodhaka arthAt atyanta asaMbaMdha kI vyAvRtti kA jJAna karAnevAlA 'eva' zabda atyantAyogavyavacchedabodhaka hai. yaha doSapUrNa saMbaMdhoM kI evaM itara saMbaMdhoM kI bhI sarvathA vyAvRtti karatA hai. (1) yahI 'eva' zabda vizeSaNa ke sAtha lagA huA ho to 'ayoga' kI nivRtti kA bodha karAne vAlA hotA hai. jaise : zaMkha: pANDuH eva -- zaMkha sapheda hI hai. yahA~ para zaMkha meM sapheda dharma kA hI vidhAna usake asaMbaMdha kI vyAvRtti ke lie hai. yahI ayoganivRtti hai. (2) 'eva' zabda vizeSya ke sAtha lagA ho to 'ayoga vyavaccheda rUpa' artha kA bodha karAtA hai. jaise ki pArtha eva dhanudhaMraH' arthAt dhanuSyadhArI pArtha hI hai. isa udAharaNa se pArtha ke sivAya anya vyaktiyoM meM dhanurdharatva kA vyavaccheda kiyA gayA hai. (3) yadi kriyA ke sAtha 'eva' lagA huA ho to vaha 'atyantAyoga ke vyavaccheda kA bodhaka hotA hai. jaise : 'nIlaM sarojaM bhavatyeva -- kamala nIlA bhI hotA hai. yahA~ para itara varNoM kA niSedha na karate hue nIlatva dharma kA vidhAna bhI hai. 'syAtU' zabda kA prayojana - saptabhaMgI vAkya racanA meM jitanA 'eva' zabda kA mahattva hai utanA hI 'syAt' zabda kA bhI --- Ear Brindle &
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________________ -6--0--0--0-0-0--0-0-0-0 346 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya mahattva hai. anekAnta, vidhi, vicAra Adi aneka arthoM meM 'syAt' zabda kA prayoga hotA hai kintu yahA~ para kevala anekAnta ke artha meM hI 'syAt' zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai. anekAnta arthAt aneka dharma svarUpa. prazna-'syAt' zabda se hI jaba aneka dharma-svarUpa ghaTa Adi padArthoM kA bodha ho jAtA hai, taba astitva Adi zabdoM kI kyA AvazyakatA hai ? uttara- syAt' zabda se anekAnta rUpa artha kA sAmAnya rUpa se bodha hone para bhI vizeSa rUpa se artha kA bodha karAne ke lie vAkya meM astitva Adi anya zabda kA prayoga karanA bhI Avazyaka hai. ata: vivakSita artha kA nizcayapUrvaka jJAna karane ke lie jaise 'eva' zabda lagAnA anivArya hai vaise hI sarvathA ekAnta pakSa kI vyAvRttipUrvaka anekAnta rUpa artha kA jJAna karane ke lie 'syAt' zabda kA jor3anA anivArya hai. prazna--jo ghaTa Adi padArtha haiM, ve sabhI apane-apane dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva se astitva rUpa hI haiM, na ki anya padArtha se saMbandhita. dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ke kAraNa se asti rUpa haiM. kyoMki anya dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva Adi kI nivRtti to aprasaMga hone se apane Apa hI ho jAtI hai. aisI avasthA meM 'syAt' zabda jor3anA nirarthaka hai. uttara--kisI dRSTikoNa se yaha satya ho sakatA hai parantu jisa padArtha kA vivecana kiyA jA rahA hai usameM rahI huI anekAntAtmaka sthiti kisa zabda se pragaTa hogI? yaha jAnane ke lie aura batalAne ke lie evaM vastusthiti ko ThIka samajhane ke lie 'syAt' zabda jor3anA jarUrI hai. isake sivAya pratyeka dravya meM dravyatva abhedavRtti se rahatA hai, tathA paryAyeM bhI abheda ke upacAra se dravya ke hI Azrita hotI haiM. isa prakAra dravya anekAnta rUpa vAlA hotA hai. yaha sthiti 'syAt' zabda se pratIta hotI hai. ataH sakalAdeza saptabhaMgI aura vikalAdeza saptabhaMgI meM 'syAt' zabda jor3anA anivArya hai. krama aura yogapadyaH-sakalAdeza pramANAtmaka vAkyapraNAlI hai aura vikalAdeza nayAtmaka vAkyapraNAlI. sakalAdeza praNAlI ghaTAdi rUpa padArtha ko sAmUhika rUpa se padArtha meM sthita sabhI dharmoM ko eka rUpa se kAla Adi ATha dvAroM dvArA abheda vRtti se aura abheda rUpa upacAra se viSaya karatI hai. jabaki vikalAdeza praNAlI kAla Adi AThoM dvAroM dvArA bhedavRtti se aura bheda rUpa upacAra se padArtha meM sthita aneka dharmoM meM se kisI eka dharma ko hI apekSA dvArA varNana karatI hai. prazna---krama aura yogapadya se ApakA kyA tAtparya hai? uttara-pratyeka padArtha meM astitva aura nAstitva Adi aneka dharma haiM, unakA varNana deza kAla Adi kI apekSA se jaba karanA ho taba kevala astitva Adi kisI eka zabda ke dvArA usa padArtha meM sthita aneka dharmoM kA eka sAtha varNana nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai aura na eka zabda dvArA hI una saba dharmoM kA varNana ho sakatA hai. ata: nizcita pUrvAparabhAva praNAlI dvArA athavA anukrama zailI dvArA usa padArtha kA varNana karanA kramapaddhati hai. kramapaddhati se viparIta yaugapadya hai. padArtha meM sthita astitvAdi aneka dharmoM kI kAla Adi kAraNoM se jaba ekarUpatA batalAI jAtI ho, tathA kevala eka zabda ke AdhAra se dharmavizeSa kA kathana karake usI meM zeSa dharmoM kI sthiti samajha lI jAtI ho, isa prakAra kA pratipAdana eka samaya meM bhI sambhava hai. isa taraha kA jo vastu-svarUpa kA nirUpaNa hai vahI yogapadya hai. kAla Adi aATha dvAraH-1 kAla, 2 AtmarUpa 3 artha 4 sambandha, 5 upakAra 6 guNideza, saMsarga aura 8 zabda, ina ATha dvAroM se vastu ke kisI eka dharma se zeSa dharmoM kA abheda mAnA jAtA hai. (1) "asti eva ghaTa:- yahA~ para jisa kAla meM ghaTa dravya meM astitva dharma rahatA hai, usI kAla meM zeSa ananta dharma bhI ghaTa meM rahe hue hote haiM. isa prakAra eka kAla-avasthiti kI dRSTi se zeSa ananta dhamoM ko astitva dharma se abhinna mAnanA kAla se abhedavRtti hai. (2) jaise ghaTa meM 'astitva' nAmaka guNa usakA svarUpa banakara rahatA hai, vaise hI anya aneka guNa-jaise kAlApana Adi bhI ghaTa ke svarUpa banakara rahate haiM. yahI 'eka svarUpatva' nAmaka AtmarUpa dUsarA dvAra hai jisake dvArA abhedavRtti nAmaka jJAnapraNAlI utpanna hotI hai. Jah Education Internationa 2&PersonarUse
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________________ rUpendrakumAra pagAriyA, nyAyatIrtha : saptabhaMgI : 347 ----------------- (3) jaise 'astitva' nAmaka guNa kA ghaTa drabya AdhAra hai vaise hI anya ananta dharmoM kA AdhAra bhI vahI ghaTa dravya hai. ata: artha kI dRSTi se astitva aura anya guNoM meM abhedavRtti hai (4) jaise astitva nAmaka guNa kA ghaTa dravya ke sAtha sambandha hai vaise hI anya guNoM kA bhI usake sAtha sambandha hai, ataH sambandha kI dRSTi se bhI astitva aura anya guNoM meM abhedavRtti hai. (5) jaise astitva nAmaka guNa padArtha ke prati sattA ke pradarzana meM aura apanI viziSTatA ke sampAdana meM sahAyatA karatA hai, vaise hI anya guNa bhI astitva kI taraha apanI apanI kriyArUpa sahAyatA karate haiM aura padArtha kI viziSTatA ke sampAdana meM sahayoga pradAna karate haiM . ataH guNoM kI 'upakAra' vRtti samAna hone se upakAradRSTi se bhI abhedavRtti pAI jAtI hai. (6) jaise astitva nAmaka guNa ghaTa dravya ke jisa kSetra meM rahatA hai usI kSetra meM anya zeSa dharma bhI rahate haiM. ata: astitva kI taraha anya dharma bhI eka hI deza meM rahane vAle hone se guNideza kI apekSA se abhedavRtti hai. (7) jaise-'astitva' nAmaka guNa kA ghaTa dravya ke sAtha saMsarga hai vaisA hI zeSa ananta dharmoM kA bhI eka hI vastutva svarUpa se usI ghaTa ke sAtha saMsarga hai. vaha saMsargadRSTi se abhedavRtti huI. prazna-saMbaMdha aura saMsarga paryAyavAcI jaise zabda pratIta hote haiM, ata: inameM paraspara meM kyA antara hai ? uttara-jahA~ abhedavRtti kI pradhAnatA ho aura bhedavRtti kI gauNatA ho, vaha 'sambandha' abhedavRtti hai aura jahA~ bhedavRtti kI pradhAnatA aura abhedavRtti kI gauNatA ho vaha saMsarga abhedavRtti hai. arthAt bheda kI gauNatA aura abheda kI pradhAnatA 'saMbaMdha' hai. jabaki abheda kI gauNatA aura bheda kI pradhAnatA 'saMsarga' hai. (8) yaha 'hai' aisA zabda jaise astitva guNa vAle ghaTa padArtha kA vAcaka hai, vaise hI zeSa ananta guNoM vAle ghaTa padArtha kA vAcaka bhI yahI hai. isa prakAra sabhI guNoM kI eka zabda dvArA vAcakatA siddha karane vAlI 'zabda' nAmaka abheda vRtti hai. dravyAthika naya kI gauNatA aura paryAyAthika naya kI pradhAnatA hone para isa prakAra ke guNoM kI abhedavRtti kI saMbhAvanA nahIM hotI, jaise(1) eka hI padArtha meM paraspara virodhI aneka guNoM kI sthiti eka sAtha meM honA asaMbhava hai, kyoMki pratyeka kSaNa meM vastu kA parivartana hotA rahatA hai. vaha kAlakRta bhinnatA hai. (2) nAnA guNoM kA svarUpa paraspara meM bhinna hotA hai. ataH AtmarUpa abhedavRtti paraspara kI bhinnatA meM nahIM pAI jAtI hai. (3) apane Azraya rUpa artha (padArtha) aneka rUpa hotA huA padArtha rUpa se sabhI guNoM ke lie bhinna-bhinna rUpavAlA hI hai, kyoMki paraspara meM virodhI guNoM kA ekatra honA asaMbhava hai. isa prakAra artha rUpa se bhinnatA hotI hai. (4) saMbaMdhI ke bheda se saMbandha kA bhI bheda dekhA jAtA hai, ataH saMbaMdha se bhI abhedavRtti nahIM dikhAI detI hai. (5) aneka guNoM dvArA kie hue vA kriyamANa, upakAra bhI aneka haiM, ataH upakAra se bhI abhedavRtti nahIM dikhAI detI. (6) pratyeka guNa kI apekSA se guNI ke deza kA bhI bheda mAnA gayA hai. ataH guNideza kI apekSA se bhI bhedavRtti hI siddha hotI hai. (7) saMsarga kI bhinnatA se saMsargI meM bhI bhinnatA A jAtI hai, ataH saMsarga kI dRSTi se bhI bhedavRtti siddha hotI hai. (8) artha ke bheda hone se zabda kA bhI bheda anubhavasiddha hai. yadi zabdabheda nahIM mAnoge to vAcya kA arthabheda kaise pratIta hogA ? ata: zabda se bhI bhedavRtti siddha hotI hai. isa prakAra paryAyAthika naya kI dRSTi se kathaMcit bheda-rUpa varNana hone 8 For Private & Personal use my
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________________ 348 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya ------0-0--0--0--0--0-0-0 se AThoM dvAroM dvArA bheda praNAlI kI hI mukhyatA hotI hai. kintu dravyAthika naya kI dRSTi se kathaMcit abheda rUpa se varNana hone se uparokta prakAroM dvArA abhedapraNAlI kI hI mukhyatA rahatI hai. pratyeka padArtha apane dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI apekSA se astirUpa hai. aura para dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI apekSA se nAstirUpa hai. dravya se dravyatva kathaMcit bhinna hai aura kathaMcit abhinna hai. dravyAthika naya kI dRSTi se abhinna hai aura paryAyAthika naya kI dRSTi se bhinna hai. bhaMga sAta hI kyoM?-(1) 'syAt asti eva ghaTa:' isa prathama bhaMga meM padArtha kI vivecanA 'sattA' rUpa se kI gaI hai. isa meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki-padArtha apane dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI dRSTi se asti rUpa hai. (2) 'syAt nAsti eva ghaTaH' isa dvitIya bhaMga meM padArtha kI vivecanA 'nAsti' rUpa se kI gaI hai. isameM yaha pradarzita kiyA gayA hai ki sabhI padArtha para kI apekSA se nAsti rUpa hI hote haiM. yadi para kI apekSA se padArtha ko nAsti rUpa nahIM mAneMge to sabhI padArthoM ke sarvAtmaka hone kA prasaMga A jAyagA. aura isa prakAra padArthoM ke prati avyavasthA doSa utpanna ho jAyagA. ataH uparokta donoM bhaMgoM kI padArtha kI vAstavika vivecanA ke lie AvazyakatA hai. (3) 'syAt asti ca syAt nAsti ca ghaTa'. isa tRtIya bhaMga meM astitva-nAstitva kI vivecanA krama se batalAI gaI hai. isameM 'ghaTa' vizeSya hai aura krama se yojita vidhi evaM pratiSedha vizeSaNa rUpa haiM. (4) 'syAt avaktavya eva ghaTa:' isa cauthe bhaMga meM padArtha kI vivecanA meM 'sahaapita' yAne donoM sthitiyAM sAtha-sAtha yojita rUpa se batalAI gaI haiM. 'saha apita' avasthA meM sva kI apekSA se aura para kI apekSA se ghaTa 'astirUpa' bhI hotA hai, aura 'nAstirUpa' bhI hotA hai. aisI dazA meM kisI bhI zabda dvArA usakA vivecana kara sakanA asaMbhava hotA hai. kyoMki zabdazAstra meM aisA koI zabda nahIM hai, joki eka sAtha padArtha kI astitva aura nAstitva donoM hI sthitiyAM batalA sake, ataH zabdAbhAva ke kAraNa ise 'avaktavya' kahA gayA hai. prazna-anekAntavAda chala mAtra hai. kyoMki isameM nityatA anityatA, astitva nAstitva Adi paraspara virodhI siddhAMtoM kI vivecanA kI jAtI hai, jo pratyakSa pramANa dvArA apramANita Thaharate haiM. uttara-anya abhiprAya se kahe gaye zabda kA anya hI artha karanA chala hai. jaise 'navakaMvalo'yam devadattaH' kA artha badala kara pUchanA ki-kahA~ haiM devadatta ke pAsa nau kambala ? yaha chala kA lakSaNa anekAnta meM ghaTita nahIM hotA. prazna-asti nAsti Adi nAnA dharmoM kA pratibhAsa hone se anekAMtavAda ko saMzayavAda kyoM nahIM kahA jA sakatA? uttara-sAmAnya aMza ke pratyakSa aura vizeSa aMza ke apratyakSa hone se hI saMzaya utpanna hotA hai kintu anekAntavAda meM to vizeSa aMzoM (dharmoM) kI upalabdhi hotI hai, ata: anekAntavAda saMzayavAda nahIM ho sakatA. anya dArzanikoM ne bhI apane siddhAMtoM kI siddhi ke lie anekAntavAda kA hI Azraya liyA hai. sAMkhyoM kI mAnyatA hai ki prakRti sattva rajas aura tamoguNamayI hai. isa prakAra paraspara virodhI guNoM kA astitva eka prakRti meM mAnA hai. yaha mAnyatA anekAntavAda ke AdhAra se hI ho sakatI hai, anyathA nahIM. naiyAyika bhI dravya Adi padArthoM ko sAmAnya-vizeSa rUpa svIkAra karate hI haiM. dravya meM anuvRtti tathA vyAvRitta svabhAva hai, ata: vaha sAmAnya-vizeSa svarUpa hai. pRthvI dravya hai, teja dravya hai, vAyu dravya hai, isa prakAra dravya meM dravyatva sAmAnya bhI hai aura vizeSa tathA guNa karma Adi bhI haiM. isa prakAra naiyAyika bhI anekAntavAda ke vinA vastu meM sAmAnya aura vizeSa kA rahanA siddha nahIM kara sakate. bauddha mecaka maNi ke jJAna ko eka kintu anekAkAra mAnate haiM. isa prakAra bauddha mata meM bhI jJAna eka-aneka rUpa hai. ataH ve bhI syAdvAda kA Azraya lete haiM. cArvAka bhI pRthvI teja jala aura vAyu se eka caitanya tatva kI utpatti mAnate haiM. isa prakAra ve aneka meM eka kA sadbhAva mAnakara syAdvAda kI hI zaraNa grahaNa karate haiM. mImAMsaka bhI pramAtA, pramiti tathA prameyAkAra ko eka jJAna rUpa hI mAnate haiM. isa prakAra unhoMne bhI anekoM ko eka rUpa meM hI svIkAra kiyA hai. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ zrIsureza muni, zAstrI, sAhityaratna anekAntavAda ULU jaina tatva-jJAna kA mUlAdhAraH-mAnava-jIvana kA sarvatomukhI unnayana evaM vikAsa karane ke lie zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra kI ahiMsA triveNI ke rUpa meM pravAhita huI thI. pahalI jIva-dayArUpI ahiMsA-jisake dvArA sva-para ke kleza tathA manastApa ko zAnta karane ke lie, jIvana ke kaNa-kaNa meM dayA, karuNA, maitrI, udAratA tathA AtmopamatA kA nirmala jharanA bahane lagatA hai. dUsarI, anekAnta rUpI bauddhika ahiMsA-jisake dvArA vicAroM kA vaiSamya, mAlinya evaM kAluSya dhulakara pArasparika vicArasaMgharSa tathA zuSkavAda-vivAda kA nAmazeSa ho jAtA hai aura antarmana meM pArasparika sauhArda tathA zAntipUrNa saha-astitva kA prakAza camakane lagatA hai. tIsarI, tapasyArUpI Atmika ahiMsA-jisake dvArA pUrva-saJcita karma-mala kA zodhana-parizodhana karake AtmA ko mAMjA jAtA hai, pUrNataH zuddha, svaccha, nirmala tathA sApha kiyA jAtA hai. uparyukta vicAra-pRSThabhUmi meM anekAntavAda jaina-saMskRti kA tattva-jJAna-nirUpaNa kA mUlAdhAra hai. jaina-saMskRti meM jo bhI bAta kahI gayI hai, vaha anekAntAtmaka vicAra evaM syAdvAda kI bhASA meM tolakara hI kahI gayI hai ! isI dRSTibindu se saMskRti ke kSetra meM jaina-saMskRti kA dUsarA nAma 'anekAnta-saMskRti' bhI hai. anekAnta kA svarUpaH--jaina-saMskRti kA mantavya hai ki pratyeka vastu ke ananta pakSa haiM. una pakSoM ko jainadarzana kI bhASA meM dharma kahate haiM. isa dRSTi se saMsAra kI pratyeka vastu ananta-dharmA hai : "anantadharmAtmakaM vastu"-syAdvAdamaMjarI anekAnta meM 'aneka' aura 'anta' ye do zabda haiM. 'aneka' kA artha adhika-bahuta aura 'anta' kA artha dharma athavA dRSTi hai. kisI bhI padArtha ko aneka dRSTiyoM se dekhanA, kisI bhI vastu-tattva kA bhinna-bhinna apekSAoM se paryAlocana karanA 'anekAnta' hai. eka hI padArtha meM bhinna-bhinna vAstavika dharmoM kA sApekSa rUpa se svIkAra karane kA nAma "anekAnta' hai. jaina-saMskRti meM eka hI dRSTi-bindu se padArtha ke paryAlocana karane kI paddhati ko ekAMgI, adhUrA evaM aprAmANika mAnA gayA hai, aura eka hI vastu ke viSaya meM bhinna-bhinna apekSAoM se kathana karane kI vicAra-zailI ko pUrNa tathA prAmANika svIkAra kiyA gayA hai. isa sApekSa vicArapaddhati kA nAma hI vastutaH anekAntavAda hai. apekSAvAda, kathacidvAda, syAdvAda, anekAntavAda ye saba zabda prAyaH eka hI artha ke vAcaka haiM. ananta-dharmAtmaka vastu ko yadi koI eka hI dharma meM sImita karanA cAhe, kisI eka dharma ke dvArA hone vAle jJAna ko hI vastu kA jJAna samajha baiThe, to isase vastu kA yathArtha svarUpa buddhi-gata nahIM ho sakatA. koI bhI kathana athavA vicAra nirapekSa sthiti meM satyAtmaka nahIM ho sakatA. satya hone ke lie use apane se anya vicAra-pakSa kI apekSA rakhanI hI par3atI hai. sAdhAraNa jJAna, vastu ke kucha dharmoM-pahaluoM taka hI sImita rahatA hai. kevala jJAna kI sthiti meM jJAna ke paripUrNa hone para hI vastu ke ananta dharmoM kA jJAna honA saMbhava hai. dUsare zabdoM meM, kevalajJAna hI vastu svarUpa ko samagra rUpa meM sAkSAt kara sakatA hai. isa pUrNa jJAna ko hI jaina-saMskRti meM pramANa mAnA gayA hai ! isake atirikta anya sabhI prakAra kA jJAna apUrNa evaM sApekSa hai. sApekSa sthiti meM hI vaha satya ho sakatA hai, nirapekSa sthiti meM nahIM. hAthI ko khaMbhe jaisA batalAne vAlA andhA vyakti apane dRSTi-biMdu se saccA hai, parantu hAthI ko rasse-jaisA kahane vAle dUsare vyakti kI apekSA se saccA nahIM ho sakatA. hAthI kA samagra jJAna karane ke lie, samUce hAthI kA jJAna karAne vAlI sabhI dRSTiyoM kI apekSA rahatI hai. isI apekSAdRSTi ke kAraNa 'anekAntavAda' kA nAma apekSAvAda aura syAdvAda Jain Educatorment 2brary.org
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________________ -0-0-0-0-0--0-0----0-0 350 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya bhI hai. syAdvAda meM syAt kA artha hai--kisI apekSA se, kisI dRSTi se aura 'vAda' kA artha hai-kathana karanA. kisI apekSA-vizeSa se vastu-tattva kA nirvacana karanA hI 'syAdvAda' hai. hI aura bhI kA antaraH-anekAntavAda kI yaha sarvopari vizeSatA hai ki vaha kisI vastu ke eka pakSa ko pakar3akara yaha nahIM kahatA ki, "yaha vastu ekAntataH aisI hI hai." vaha to 'hI' ke sthAna para 'bhI' kA prayoga karatA hai. jisakA artha hai. isa apekSA ke vastu kA svarUpa aisA bhI hai. 'ho' ekAnta hai, to 'bhI' vaiSamya evaM saMgharSa ke bIja kA mUlataH unmUlana karake samatA tathA sauhArda ke madhura vAtAvaraNa kA sRjana karatI hai. 'hI' meM vastu-svarUpa ke dUsare satpakSoM kA inakAra hai, to bhI' meM itara saba satpakSoM kA svIkAra hai. 'hI' se satya kA dvAra banda ho jAtA hai, to 'bhI' meM satya kA prakAza Ane ke lie samasta dvAra anAvRta rahate haiM. jitane bhI ekAntavAdI darzana haiM, ve saba vastu-svarUpa ke sambandha meM eka pakSa ko sarvathA pradhAnatA de kara hI kisI tathya kA pratipAdana karate haiM. vastu-svarUpa ke sambandha meM, udAramanA hokara vividha dRSTi-koNoM se vicAra karane kI kalA unake pAsa prAya: nahIM hotI. yahI kAraNa hai ki unakA dRSTikoNa athavA kathana 'jana-hitAya' na hokara 'jana-vinodAya' ho jAtA hai. isa ke viparIta, jaina-darzana ke tattva-pArakhI AcAryoM ne khule mana-mastiSka se vastu-svarUpa para aneka dRSTi-binduoM se vicAra karake caumukhI satya ko AtmasAt karane kA dUragAmI yatna kiyA hai. ataH unakA dRSTikoNa satya kA dRSTikoNa hai, zAnti kA dRSTi-koNa hai, jana-hita kA dRSTi-koNa hai, saha-astitva kA dRSTi-koNa hai. udAharaNa ke lie, Atma-tattva ko hI le lIjie. sAMkhya-darzana AtmA ko kUTastha (ekAnta, ekarasa) nitya hI mAnatA hai. usakA kahanA hai--'AtmA sarvathA nitya hI hai'. bauddha-darzana kA kathana hai.---"prAtmA anitya (kSaNika) hI haiM." Apasa meM donoM kA virodha hai. donoM kA uttara-dakSiNa kA rAstA hai. para, jaina-darzana kabhI eka karavaTa nahIM par3atA. usakA vicAra hai :-yadi AtmA ekAnta nitya hI hai, to usameM krodha, ahaMkAra, mAyA tathA lobha ke rUpa meM rUpAntara hotA haA kaise dIkha par3atA hai ? nAraka, devatA, pazu aura manuSya ke rUpa meM parivartana kyoM hotA hai AtmA kA? kUTasthanitya meM to kisI bhI prakAra paryAya-parivartana athavA hera-phera nahIM honA cAhie. para parivartana hotA hai-yaha dina ke ujele kI taraha spaSTa hai. ata: "AtmA nitya hI hai" yaha kathana bhrAnta hai. aura, yadi AtmA sarvathA anitya hI hai to yaha vastu vahI hai jo maiMne pahale dekhI thI--"aisA ekatva-anusandhAnAtmaka pratyabhijJAna nahIM honA cAhie. parantu, pratyabhijJAna to abAdha rUpa se hotA hai, ataH AtmA sarvathA anitya (kSaNika) hI hai-yaha mAnyatA bhI truTipUrNa hai. jIvana meM eka karavaTa par3akara 'hI' ke rUpa meM hama vastu-svarUpa kA tathya-nirNaya nahIM kara sakate. hameM to 'bhI' ke dvArA vividha pahaluoM se satya ke prakAza kA svAgata karanA cAhie. aura isa satyAtmaka dRSTi se AtmA nitya 'bhI' hai. dravya kI dRSTi se AtmA nitya hai aura paryAya kI dRSTi se AtmA anitya hai. kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki, 'hI' ke ekAnta prayoga se satya kA tiraskAra evaM bahiSkAra hotA hai, Apasa meM vaira-virodha, kalaha-kleza, tathA vAdavivAda bar3hate haiM, aura 'bhI' se ye saba dvandva ekadama zAnta ho jAte haiM. 'hI' se saMgharSa evaM vivAda kaise utpanna ho jAte haiM, isa viSaya meM eka bar3A sundara kathAnaka hai. do AdamI nAca dekhane gae. eka andhA, dUsarA baharA. rAtabhara tamAzA dekhakara, subaha ve donoM apane ghara vApasa lauTa rahe the. rAste meM eka AdamI pUcha baiThA-kyoM bhaI, nAca kasA thA? andhe ne kahA-Aja kevala gAnA hI huA hai, nAca to kala hogA. baharA bolA-'are. Aja to nAca hI huA hai, gAnA to kala hogA. donoM lage apanI-apanI tAnane. maiM-tU ke sAtha khIMcatAna aura kahA-sunI ho gayI aura mAra-pITa taka kI naubata A gayI. basa, anekAntavAda yahI kahatA hai ki, eka hI dRSTikoNa apanA kara andhe, bahare mata bano. dUsare kI bhI suno-dUsaroM ke dRSTi-bindu ko bhI dekho-parakho. tamAze meM huI thI donoM cIjeM-nAca bhI aura gAnA bhI. para, andhA nAca na dekha sakA aura baharA gAnA na suna sakA. Aja gAnA 'hI' huA hai athavA nAca 'hI' huA hai-isa 'hI' ke jhamele meM par3akara donoM ulajha gae--donoM meM lar3AI Thana gaI. yadi ve eka-dUsare ko dekha lete, samajha lete aura 'hI' ke cakkara meM par3a kara C AD) rawwwwwwwww ANALAN wwwwwwwww J0101010101010 follolo i otoil alolololololi
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________________ ---0-0-0--0-0-0-0-0-0 sureza muni : anekAnta : 351 apanI-apanI na tAnate, to koI bAta hI na hotI, saMgharSa kI naubata hI na A pAtI. anekAntavAda paraspara meM saMgharSa utpanna karAne vAlI 'hI' kA unmUlana karake usake sthAna para 'bhI' kA prayoga karane kI balavatI preraNA pradAna karatA hai. anekAnta kAnepana ko miTAtA hai :-jaina-darzana kI anekAntadRSTi mAnava-mana ko yahI prakAza detI hai ki manuSya ko do AkheM milI haiM. ataH eka A~kha se vaha apanA, to dUsarI se virodhiyoM-dUsaroM kA satya dekhe. jitanI bhI vacanapaddhatiyAM athavA kathana ke prakAra haiM, una saba kA lakSya satya ke darzana karAnA hai. jaise dvitIyA ke candramA kA darzana karane vAle vyatikyoM meM se koI eka to aisA batalAtA hai ki--"candramA usa vRkSa kI TahanI se ThIka eka bittA Upara hai." dUsarA vyakti kahatA hai-"candramA isa makAna ke kone se saTA huA hai." tIsarA bolatA hai-"candramA usa ur3ate pakSI ke donoM paMkhoM ke bIca meM se dIkha rahA hai." cauthA vyakti saMketa karake kahatA hai-"candramA ThIka merI aMgulI ke sAmane najara A rahA hai." ina sabhI vyaktiyoM kA lakSya candra-darzana karAne kA hai. aura ve apanI sApha nIyata se hI, apanIapanI prakriyA batalA rahe haiM. para eka-dUsare ke kathana meM paraspara AkAza-pAtAla kA antara hai. ThIka isI prakAra satya-gaveSI dArzanika vicArakoM kA eka hI uddezya hai--sAdhakoM ko satya kA sAkSAtkAra karAnA. saba apane-apane dRSTi-bindu se satya kI vyAkhyA kara rahe haiM. parantu, unake kathana meM bheda hai. 'anekAnta' kI sateja A~kha se hI una tathyAMzoM ke prakAza ko dekhA-samajhA jA sakatA hai. vastutaH anekAntavAda satya kA sajIva bhASya hai. yaha satya kI khoja karane aura pUrNa satya kI maMjila para pahu~cane ke lie prakAzamAna mahA mArga hai. dUsare zabdoM meM, jaina-darzana kA anekAnta-vicAra, saba dizAoM se khulA huA vaha divya mAnasa-netra hai, jo apane se Upara uThakara dUra-dUra taka ke tathyoM ko dekha letA hai. anekAnta meM ekAMgitA tathA saMkIrNatA ko paira Tekane ke lie z2arA bhI sthAna nahIM hai. yahA~ to mana kA taTastha-bhAva evaM hRdaya kI udAratA hI sarvopari mAnya hai. yahA~ sva-dRSTi nagaNya hai, heya hai aura satya-dRSTi pradhAna hai, upAdeya hai. jo bhI saccAI hai, vaha merI hai, cAhe vaha kisI bhI jAti, vyakti athavA zAstra meM kyoM na ho--yaha jyotiSmatI dizA hai, anekAnta ke mahAn siddhAnta kI. anekAntavAda kA Adarza hai ki, satya ananta hai. hama apane idhara-udhara cAroM ora se jo kucha bhI dekha-jAna pAte haiM, vaha satya kA pUrNa rUpa nahIM, pratyuta ananta satya kA sphuliMga hai, aMza-mAtra hai. ata: jaina-dharma kI anekAnta-dhArA, manuSya ko satya-darzana ke lie AMkheM kholakara saba ora dekhane kI dUragAmI preraNA pradAna karatI hai. usakA kahanA hai ki, sAre saMsAra ko tuma apane hI vicAra kI A~khoM se mata dekho-parakho. dUsare ko hamezA usakI A~kha se dekhie, usake dRSTikoNa se parakhie. satya vahI aura utanA hI nahIM hai jo-jitanA Apa dekha pAe haiM. phira bhI yaha to sambhava hai ki hAthI ke svarUpa kA varNana karane vAle ve chahoM andhe vyakti apane-Apa meM zata-pratizata sacce hokara bhI isalie adhUre hoM ki eka ne hAthI ko dekhA thA sUMDa kI tarapha se, dUsare ne pUMcha kI tarapha se, tIsare ne dekhA thA peTa chUkara, cauthe ne dekhA thA kAna pakar3a kara, pA~caveM ne dekhA thA dAMtoM kI ora se aura chaThe ne pAMva kI tarapha se. jIvana ke isa kAnepana ko, ekAMgI satya ko dekhane kI vRtti ko hI to dUra karatA hai--anekAntavAda ! kAnA vyakti eka ora ke satya ko hI dekha sakatA hai. satya kA dUsarA pahalU, vastutattva kI dUsarI karavaTa usakI A~kha se lupta hI rahatI hai ! eka purAnI loka-kathA hai. kisI mAM kA kAnA beTA haradvAra gayA. lauTA to mAM ne pUchA-haradvAra meM tujhe saba se acchA kyA lagA re ? kauna-sI nayI cIja dekhI tUne vahA~ para? gAMva ke bhole beTe ne taba taka kahIM bAjAra dekhA nahIM thA ! bolA : mAM, maiMne nayI bAta yahI dekhI ki haradvAra kA bAjAra ghUmatA hai. mA~ haradvAra ho AI thI. cauMka kara usane pUchA : kaise ghUmatA hai re haradvAra kA bAjAra ? beTe ne nae sire se Azcarya meM DUbakara kahA : mAM, jaba maiM hara kI pair3I nahAne gayA to bAjAra idhara thA aura nahAkara lauTA to dekhA-bAjAra udhara ho gayA.
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________________ .312 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya ------------------ duHkha pAkara bhI mAM haMsa par3I aura apane bhole beTe ko chAtI se lagA liyA. bAjAra to donoM ora thA parantu kAnepana ke kAraNa vaha mAM kA bholA beTA eka ora hI dekha sakA ! aise hI ve vicAraka bhI kAne hI haiM jo ekAnta ke jhamele meM par3a kara, apanI eka dRSTi-AMkha se vastu-svarUpa ke satya ko dekhane kA yatna karate haiM. ve vastu-svarUpa ke eka-eka pahalU ko hI dekha pAte haiM, para vaha satya hotA hai dUsarI ora bhI. apane kAnepana ke kAraNa dUsarI ora kA satya unheM dIkha nahIM par3atA ! ekAnta kA pakSAndha bhalA prakAza kA darzana kaise kara sakatA hai ? anekAntavAda manuSya kI dRSTi ke isa kAnepana ko miTAkara, vastu-svarUpa ko 'vividha dRSTiyoM' se dekhane kI preraNA pradAna karatA hai. apane ghara ke AMgana meM khar3A vyakti apane Upara hI prakAza dekhatA hai. chata para car3hakara dekhe to saba jagaha prakAza hI prakAza. anekAnta khir3akI yA AMgana kA dharma nahIM, chata kA dharma hai. padArtha ke virATa svarUpa kI jhAMkI-jaina-darzana kI vicAradhArA ke anusAra, jagat ke saba padArtha utpatti, vinAza aura sthiti- ina dharmoM se yukta haiM ! jainatva kI bhASA meM inheM utpAda, vyaya aura dhauvya kahate haiM. vastu meM jahA~ utpatti tathA vinAza kI anubhUti hotI hai, vahAM usakI sthiratA kA bhAna bhI spaSTataH hotA hai. sunAra ke pAsa sone kA kaMgana hai. usane usa kaMgana ko tor3akara mukuTa banA liyA. isase kaMgana kA vinAza huA aura mukuTa kI utpatti huI. parantu, utpattivinAza kI isa lIlA meM mUla-tattva sone kA astitva to barAbara banA rahA. vaha jyoM-kA-tyoM apanI sthiti meM vidyamAna rahA. isase yaha tathya nikhara kara Upara AyA ki utpatti aura vinAza kevala AkAra-vizeSa kA hotA hai, na ki mUla-vastu kA. mUla vastu to hajAra-hajAra parivartana hone para bhI apane svarUpa se cyuta nahIM hotI ! kaMgana aura mukuTa sone kA AkAra-vizeSa hai. isa AkAra-vizeSa ke hI utpatti evaM vinAza dekhe jAte haiM. purAne AkAra kA nAza ho jAtA hai aura nae AkAra kI utpatti ho jAtI hai. ataH utpatti, vinAza aura sthiti tInoM hI padArtha ke svabhAva siddha hue. sone meM kaMgana ke AkAra kA vinAza, mukUTa kI utpatti aura sone kI sthiti, ye tInoM dharmatayA maujUda hai. saMsAra kA koI bhI padArtha mUlataH naSTa nahIM hotA. vaha kevala apanA rUpa badalatA rahatA hai. isa rUpAntara kA nAma hI utpatti aura vinAza hai aura padArtha ke mUla-svarUpa kA nAma sthiti hai. utpatti, vinAza aura sthiti-ye tInoM guNa pratyeka padArtha ke svAbhAvika dharma haiM, isa tathya ko hRdayaMgama karAne ke lie, jaina-darzana ke jyotirdhara vicArakoM ne eka bahuta sundara rUpaka hamAre sAmane prastuta kiyA hai ! tIna vyakti milakara kisI sunAra kI dUkAna para gae ! unameM se eka ko sone ke ghar3e kI jarUrata thI, dUsare ko mukuTa kI aura tIsare ko mAtra sone kI ! vahAM jAkara ve kyA dekhate haiM ki sunAra sone ke ghar3e ko tor3akara usakA mukuTa banA rahA hai. sunAra kI isa pravRtti ko dekhakara una tInoM vyaktiyoM meM alaga-alaga bhAva-dhArAe~ utpanna huIM ! jisa vyakti ko sone kA ghar3A cAhie thA, vaha ghar3e ko TUTatA huA dekhakara zoka-santapta ho gayA ! jise mukuTa kI AvazyakatA thI, vaha harSa se nAca uThA ! aura jisa vyakti ko kevala sone kI jarUrata thI, use na zoka huA aura na harSa hI ! vaha taTastha-bhAva se dekhatA rahA. una tInoM vyaktiyoM meM yaha bhinna-bhinna bhAvoM kI taraMgeM kyoM uThI ? yadi vastu utpatti, vinAza tathA sthiti se yukta na hotI to unake mAnasa meM isa prakAra kI bhAva-dhArAe~ kabhI na umar3atI ! ghar3A cAhane vAle vyakti ke mana meM ghar3e ke TUTane se zoka huA, mukuTa kI icchA rakhane vAle ko pramoda huA aura mAtra sonA cAhane vAle ko zoka yA pramoda kucha bhI nahIM huA, kyoMki sonA to ghar3e ke vinAza aura mukuTa kI utpatti donoM hI avasthAoM meM vidyamAna hai. ataH vaha madhyastha-bhAva se khar3A rahA. alaga-alaga bhAvanAoM ke vega kA kAraNa vastu meM utpatti, vinAza aura sthiti tInoM dharmoM kA honA hai ghaTa-mauli-suvarNArthI, nAzotpattisthitiSvayam, zoka-pramoda-mAdhyasthyaM, jano yAti sahetukam / -samantabhadra, AptamImAMsA Jain Education Private&Personali ainerary.org
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________________ sureza muni anekAnta : 353 vastu ke isa trayAtmaka rUpa ko aura adhika spaSTa karane ke lie eka dUsarA udAharaNa bhI jaina-darzanakAroM ne upasthita kiyA hai. kisI vyakti ne dUdha ko hI grahaNa karane kA niyama le liyA hai, vaha dahI nahIM khAtA aura jisane dahI grahaNa karane kA hI vrata liyA hai vaha dUdha grahaNa nahIM karatA, parantu jisane gorasa mAtra kA tyAga kara diyA hai, vaha na dUdha letA hai aura na dahI hI khAtA hai. isa niyama ke anusAra dUdha kA vinAza, dahI kI utpatti aura gorasa kI sthiratA, ye tInoM tattva acchI taraha pramANita ho jAte haiM. dahI ke rUpa meM utpAda, dUdha ke rUpa kA vinAza aura gorasa ke rUpa meM dhrauvya, tInoM tattva eka hI vastu meM spaSTataH anubhava meM Ate haiM- payovrato na dadhyatti, na payo'tti dadhivrataH, agorato mome, saramANAvaM prayAtmakam / vahI pUrvokta padArtha ke utpatti, vinAza aura sthiti, ina tInoM dharmoM se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki, vastu kA eka aMza badalatA rahatA hai-- utpanna aura vinaSTa hotA rahatA hai tathA dUsarA aMza apane rUpa meM banA rahatA hai. vastu kA jo aMza utpanna evaM naSTa hotA rahatA hai, use jaina darzana kI bhASA meM 'paryAya' kahA jAtA hai aura jo aMza sthira rahatA hai vaha 'dravya' kahalAtA hai. kaMgana se mukuTa banAne vAle udAharaNa meM, kaMgana tathA mukuTa to 'paryAya' haiM aura sonA 'dravya' hai. dravya kI dRSTi se vizva kA pratyeka padArtha nitya hai aura paryAya kI apekSA se anitya hai. miTTI kA ghar3A nitya bhI hai aura anitya bhI hai. ghar3e kA jo AkAra hai, vaha vinAzI hai, anitya hai, parantu ghar3e kI miTTI avinAzI hai, nitya hai. kyoMki, AkAra rUpa meM, ghar3e kA nAza hone para bhI miTTI-rUpa to vidyamAna rahatA hI hai. miTTI ke paryAya AkAra parivartita hote rahate haiM kintu miTTI ke paramANu sarvathA naSTa nahIM hote. yahI bAta vastu ke 'sat' aura asat' dharma ke sambandha meM bhI hai. kucha vicArakoM kA mata hai ki vastu sarvathA 'sat' hai aura kucha kA kahanA hai ki vastu sarvathA 'asat' hai. kintu jaina darzana ke mahAn AcAryoM kA mantavya hai ki pratyeka padArtha sat bhI hai aura asat bhI dUsare zabdoM meM, vastu hai bhI aura nahIM bhI apane svarUpa kI dRSTi se vastu 'sat' hai aura para svarUpa kI dRSTi se 'asat' hai. ghaTa apane svarUpa kI apekSA se 'sat' hai, vidyamAna hai, parantu paTa ke svarUpa kI apekSA se ghaTa asat hai, avidyamAna hai. brAhmaNa 'brAhmaNatva' kI dRSTi se 'sat' hai, lekina kSatriyatva kI dRSTi se 'asat' hai. pratyeka padArtha kA astitva apanI sImA ke andara hai, sImA se bAhara nahIM. yadi pratyeka vastu pratyeka vastu ke rUpa meM sat hI ho jAe, to phira vizva-paTa para koI vyavasthA hI na rahe. eka hI vastu sarva rUpa ho jAe. anekAntavAda 'saMzayavAda nahIM hai. anekAntavAda ke sambandha meM arjana jagat meM kitanI hI jAtiyAM phailI huI hai. kisI kA vicAra hai ki anekAntavAda saMzayavAda hai. parantu jaina darzana ke dRSTibindu se yaha satya se hajAra kosa pare kI bAta hai. saMzaya to use kahate haiM jo kisI bhI bAta kA nirNaya na kara sake. aMdhere meM koI vastu par3I hai. use dekhakara antarmana meM yaha vicAra AnA ki "ki yaha rassI hai yA sAMpa ?" isa anirNIta sthiti kA nAma hai saMzaya. isameM 'rassI' athavA 'sAMpa' kisI kA bhI nizcaya nahIM ho pAtA. koI vastu kisI nizcayAtmaka rUpa se na samajhI jAe, yahI to jaisI koI sthiti hai hI nahIM. vaha to saMzaya kA mUloccheda kahI jAtI hai, usa apekSA se vaha bAta vaisI hI hai, yaha sau apanI bAta jora dekara 'hI' pUrvaka kahatA hai. udAharaNa ke aura paryAya kI dRSTi se 'anitya' hI mAnatA 'saMzaya' kA svarUpa hai. parantu anekAntavAda meM to 'saMzaya' karane vAlA nizcitavAda hai. yahAM jisa apekSA se jo bAta phIsadI nizcita hai. 'anekAntavAda' apekSA kI dRSTi se taura para, anekAntavAdI dravya kI dRSTi se AtmA ko nitya hI mAnatA hai hai. dravya kI dRSTi se AtmA nitya bhI hai aura anitya bhI hai athavA paryAya kI apekSA se AtmA anitya bhI hai aura nitya bhI hai - aise anizcayAtmaka ghapale kI bAta anekAntavAdI kabhI nahIM kahatA mAnatA. 'hI' - pUrvaka apanI bAta ko kahatA huA bhI, vaha 'syAt' pada kA prayoga isalie karatA hai ki AtmA dravya kI dRSTi se jaise nityatva dharma vAlA pahalU kahIM A~khoM se lupta na ho jAe. ekAntavAda Akara apanA Asana jamA hai, usI prakAra paryAya kI dRSTi se anityatva-dharma vAlA bhI hai. satya kA yaha yadi yaha satya-dRSTi vicAraka ke mAnasa-netra se ojhala ho jAe to phira vahAM wwwww.jairefbrary.org
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________________ 354 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya letA hai aura 'ekAntavAda' se tattva kI, satya kI pUrNa jhAMkI kabhI mila nahIM sakatI. ataH jaina-darzana kA anekAntavAda 'saMzayavAda' nahIM pratyuta vastu tattva kA yathArtha nirNaya karane vAlA sunizcitavAda hai. anekAntavAda asatsamanvayavAda nahIMH-kucha Adhunika zikSA-dIkSA meM pale hue vicArakoM kA kahanA hai ki anekAntavAda korA samanvayavAda hai. jaina-darzana ko vicAra-sariNI se, unakA yaha kathana eka vizuddha bhrAnti se adhika mUlya mahatva nahIM rakhatA. anekAntavAda eka hI padArtha meM ananta dharmoM ko svIkAra karatA hai, isa apekSA se use vastu ke samasta dharmoM kA samanvaya karane vAlA kaha diyA jAe to yaha dRSTikoNa anekAntadRSTi kA dUSaNa nahIM, bhUSaNa hai. kintu ekAntavAda kI mUla bhitti para khar3e kie gaye saba dharma, saba dharmamArga sacce haiM, saba dharmamArga mokSa ke sAdhana haiM, yaha kahanA satya kA galA ghoTanA hai. ekAnta aura anekAnta kA to andhakAra tathA prakAza kI taraha zAzvata-viroSa hai. anekAntavAda asat bAtoM kA samanvaya kabhI nahIM karatA. kyA anekAntavAda yaha bhI siddha karegA ki AdamI ke sira para sIMga hote bhI haiM aura nahIM bhI hote ? anekAnta kA samanvaya satya kI zodha para AdhArita hotA hai, satya ke anukUla hotA hai. asatya ke sAtha usakA samajhautA kabhI ho nahIM sakatA. aMdha samanvaya jIvana meM bemelapana utpanna kara degA. vAstava meM saca aura jhUTha ko zabda-rUpa meM svIkAra kara lenA anekAnta nahIM hai. jaina-dharma ke jina mahAn vicArakoM ne anekAnta kI pratiSThA kI thI, unakA yaha prAzaya kabhI nahIM thA ki vidhi-niSedha athavA AcAra-zAstra kI kucha samAna bAtoM ke AdhAra para saba dharma-mArga eka rUpa hI haiM, samAna hI haiM. aisA mAnanA to gur3a gobara eka karanA hai. samAnatA ko samAnatA aura asamAnatA ko asamAnatA svIkAra karane vAlA vyakti hI, anekAnta kA upAsaka ho sakatA hai. saba dharmoM meM prAcAra-viSayaka jaise kucha samAnatAeM dRSTigocara hotI haiM, usI prakAra asamAnatAeM bhI to bahuta haiM. bhakSyaabhakSya, peya-apeya, kRtya-akRtya kI saba mAnyatAeM samAna hI haiM--yaha vicAra avivekapUrNa hai, sarvathA bhrAnta hai. ekAnta aura anekAnta ke jIva-ajIva tattvoM ke sambandha meM kiye gaye vivecana vizleSaNa meM uttarI dhruva tathA dakSiNI dhruva jaisA antara hote hue bhI, inameM paraspara koI bheda nahIM, saba dharmoM aura pravartakoM meM pUrNa sAmya hai, yaha kaha baiThanA anekAntavAda nahIM, mRSAvAda hai. anekAntavAdI kA sarva-dharma-samanvaya eka bhinna koTi kA hotA hai. vaha satya ko satya aura asatya ko asatya ke rUpa meM dekhatA hai, mAnatA hai aura asatya kA parihAra tathA satya kA svIkAra karane ke lie satata udyata rahatA hai. asatya kA pakSa na karanA aura satya ke prati sadA jAgarUka rahanA hI anekAntavAdI kI saccI madhyastha-dRSTi hai. satya-asatya meM koI viveka na karanA, yaha madhyastha-dRSTi nahIM, ajJAna-dRSTi hai, jar3a-dRSTi hai. satya aura asatya donoM ko eka hI palar3e meM rakha denA eka prakAra se asatya ke prati pakSapAta aura satya ke prati dveSa hI hai. satya ke prati anyAya na hone pAe aura asatya ko prazraya na milane pAe, isa apekSA se anekAnta-siddhAnta ke mAnane vAle vyakti kA madhyastha-bhAva eka alaga hI DhaMga kA hotA hai. jisakI spaSTa jhAMkI hama nimna zloka meM dekha sakate haiM 'tatrApi na dveSaH kAryo, viSayastu yatnato mRgyaH / tasyApi ca sadvacanaM, sarvaM yatpravacanAdanyat // -SoDazaka 16 / 13 dUsare zAstroM ke prati dveSa karanA ucita nahIM hai. parantu ve jo bAta kahate haiM, usakI yatnapUrvaka zodha karanI cAhie aura usameM jo satya vacana hai, vaha dvAdazAMgI-rUpa pravacana se alaga nahIM hai.. anekAntavAda kA gAmbhIrya aura madhyastha-bhAva donoM uparyukta zloka meM mUrta ho uThe haiM. anekAntavAdI ke lie koI bhI vacana svayaM na pramANarUpa hai aura na apramANarUpa hI. viSaya ke zodhana-parizodhana se hI, usake lie koI vacana pramANa athavA apramANa banatA hai, cAhe vaha sva-zAstra kA ho yA para-zAstra kA, jisakA viSaya pratyakSa aura parokSa pramANa se aviruddha ho, vaha vAkya pramANa hai aura jisakA viSaya pratyakSa Adi pramANa se vAdhita ho, vaha vacana apramANa hai. vastu aneka dharmAtmaka hai. kisI bhI eka dharma ko lekara kahA gayA vacana, usa dharma kI dRSTi se pramANa hai; anya dharmoM kA apalApa karake kahA huA vacana apramANa hai, asatya hai, mithyA hai. ka LI-DER 309.2 India Jain Edmor finally.org
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________________ sureza muni : anekAnta : 315 sAra-tattva yaha hai ki jana-darzana kA maulika anekAntavAda asat pakSoM kA samanvaya-hela-mela nahIM sAdhatA. isase to jIvana mArga meM andha-sthiti utpanna ho jAtI hai. kevala satpakSoM aura tathyAMzoM kA samanvaya hI anekAnta hai. kyA eka hI vastu meM viruddhadharma raha sakate haiM ?- 'eka hI padArtha nitya bhI hai, anitya bhI hai, sat bhI hai, asat bhI hai, eka bhI hai, aneka bhI hai, jaina-dharma ke merumaNi anekAntavAda kA yaha vajra AghoSa hai. nityatva, anityatva sattva, asattva, ekatva, anekatva Adi paraspara-virodhI dharma eka hI padArtha meM kaise raha sakate haiM ? isa AzaMkA kA honA sahaja hai. para jarA gaharAI se vicAra karane para yaha tathya ujAgara ho jAegA ki viruddha dharmoM kA ekatra pAyA jAnA koI naI adbhuta athavA AzcaryakArI bAta nahIM hai. yaha to hamAre dainika anubhava meM Ane vAlI bAta hai. kauna nahIM jAnatA ki eka hI vyakti meM apane pitA kI dRSTi se putratva, putra kI apekSA se pitRtva, bhrAtA kI apekSA se bhrAtRtva, chAtra kI apekSA se adhyApakatva aura adhyApaka kI dRSTi se chAtratva Adi paraspara viruddha dharma pAye jAte haiM. hAM, virodha kI AzaMkA taba ucita kahI jA sakatI hai, jaba eka hI apekSA se, eka padArtha meM paraspara viruddha dharmoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA jAe. padArtha meM dravya kI dRSTi se nityatva, paryAya kI dRSTi se anityatva, apane svarUpa kI dRSTi se sattva aura para-svarUpa kI dRSTi se asattva svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai. ata: anekAnta ke siddhAnta ko virodhamUlaka batalAnA apanI ajJAnatA kA paricaya denA hai. anekAnta virodha kA to kaTTara zatru hai 'sakalanayabilasitAnAM virodhamathanaM namAmyanekAntam !' -amRtacandra, puruSArthasiddhayupAya -sakala nayoM ke virodha ko vinAza karane vAle anekAnta ko maiM namaskAra karatA hU~. kisI bhI padArtha meM nityatva, anityatva, sattva, asattva, ekatva, anekatva Adi viruddha dharmoM kA rahanA yadi asambhava hotA, to usa padArtha meM unakA pratibhAsa bhI nahIM honA cAhie thA. parantu, pratibhAsa to sahaja abAdha rUpa se hotA hai. udAharaNa ke lie ghaTa ko hI le lIjie. ghaTa apane svarUpa kI dRSTi se 'sat' hai. yadi aisA na hotA, to ghaTa hai, yaha jJAna nahIM honA cAhie thA. 'ghaTa' ghaTa hai, paTa nahIM, aisI jJAnAnubhUti bhI hotI hai. ataH ghaTa meM paTa kA abhAva bhI ThaharatA hai. aura isI apekSA se ghaTa ko paTa kI dRSTi se 'asat' kahA jAtA hai. yadi vastu ko apane svarUpa kI apekSA se 'sat' aura para-svarUpa kI apekSA se 'asat' svIkAra na kiyA jAegA, to kisI bhI vizeSa padArtha meM pravRtti nahIM ho sakatI. jisa prakAra apane svarUpa kI dRSTi se 'sattva' usa padArtha kA dharma hai, usI prakAra anya padArtha kI dRSTi se 'asattva' bhI usa padArtha kA dharma hai. yadi aisA na hotA to usameM ina donoM bAtoM kA vyavahAra bhI nahIM ho sakatA thA. kintu, 'sattva' kI taraha 'asatva' kA bhI vyavahAra usameM nirantara hotA hai. ataH padArtha ko 'asat' bhI mAnA jAtA hai. hAM, padArtha ko jisa apekSA se 'sat' mAnA jAtA hai, yadi usI apekSA se use 'asat mAnA jAtA, taba to asambhava doSa ko avakAza ho sakatA thA. padArtha ko jisa dRSTikoNa se sat svIkAra kiyA gayA, usa dRSTikoNa se vaha 'sat' hI hai aura jisa dRSTikoNa se 'asat' mAnA gayA hai, usa dRSTikoNa se 'asat' hI hai. yahI bAta 'nityatva' aura 'anityatva' ke sambandha meM bhI hai. jisa apekSA se hama padArtha ko nitya mAnate haiM, usa apekSA se vaha nitya hI hai aura jisa apekSA se 'anitya' svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai, usa apekSA se vaha 'anitya' hI hai. yadi nityavAlI dRSTi se hI anitya mAnA jAtA, to virodha ho sakatA thA.padArtha ko dravya kI dRSTi se nitya aura paryAya kI dRSTi se anitya mAnA jAtA hai. ye donoM dharma padArtha meM hI haiM. isalie padArtha nityAnityAtmaka hai. anekAntavAda kI upayogitAH-ahiMsA kA vicArAtmaka pakSa anekAnta hai. rAga-dveSajanya saMskAroM ke vazIbhUta na hokara eka-dUsare ke dRSTi-bindu ko ThIka-ThIka samajhane kA nAma hI to 'anekAnna' hai. isase manuSya ke antara meM tathya ko hRdayaMgama karane kI vRtti kA udaya hotA hai, jisase satya ko samajhakara, usa taka pahu~cane meM sugamatA hotI hai. jaba taka manuSya apane hI mantavya athavA vicAra ko sarvathA ThIka samajhatA rahatA hai, apanI hI bAta ko parama satya mAnA karatA hai, taba taka usameM dUsare ke dRSTikoNa ko samajhane kI udAratA nahIM A pAtI aura vaha kUpa-maNDUka banA rahatA hai. phalataH, vaha apane ko saccA aura dUsare ko sarvathA mithyavAdI samajha baiThatA hai. NARAIN HEALTH IDR ANDAN KIRATRAM MULASAHAAN TAMARPN- M HUALLIANCE Jain EdudanURAILEnfirmatiduyiths... IN and111111111010/ A SONIUARIUMROHARITAMInthshmIII/ IIICONMAMALINITantribrary.org
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________________ 356 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-prantha : dvitIya adhyAya ----0-0-0--0-0-0-0-0-0 yaha jo Aja parivAroM meM lar3AI-jhagar3e aura kalaha-kleza haiM, sArvajanika-jIvana meM krUratA tathA kalmaSa hai, dhArmika kSetra meM 'maiM-tU' kA bolabAlA hai, antarrASTrIya vAtAvaraNa meM gaharI tanAtanI hai, vaha saba anekAnta ke dRSTi-koNa ko na apanAne ke kAraNa hI haiM. duniyA kA yaha eka rivAja-sA bana gayA hai ki vaha apanI A~khoM se apanI kalpanA tathA vicAradRSTi ke anusAra hI saba kucha dekhanA-samajhanA cAhatI hai. samAja kA pratyeka vyakti yahI cAhatA hai ki saba jagaha merI hI cale, samUcA samAja mere izAre para hI nAce. aura jaba yaha nahIM ho pAtA to Apasa meM eka-dUsare ke doSa nikAlate haiM, TIkA-TippaNI ke rUpa meM eka-dUsare para chIMTA-kazI karate haiM, isase 'mai-tU' kA vAtAvaraNa garama ho jAtA hai aura sarvatra azAnti kI lahara daur3a jAtI hai. rAjanIti ke kSetra ko hI le lIjie. rAjanIti ke pacar3e meM par3akara sArA saMsAra vAdoM ke cakkara meM phaMsA huA hai, apanI apanI bAta ko khIMca rahA hai. koI kahatA hai : samAjavAda hI vizva kI samasyAoM ko sulajhA sakatA hai. dUsarA kahatA hai : sAmyavAda se hI vizva meM zAnti ho sakatI hai. tIsarA pukAra rahA hai pUMjIvAda kI chatrachAyA meM hI saMsAra sukha kI sAMsa le sakatA hai. koI kisI vAda se aura koI kisI vAda se vizva-zAMti kI raTa lagA rahA hai. isa pArasparika tanAva aura khIMcatAna se hI vizva ke rAjanItika maMca para IrSyA, kalaha, saMgharSa, bhaya tathA dvandva apanI-apanI chAtI tAna kara khar3e ho jAte haiM aura saMsAra azAnti kA akhAr3A bana jAtA hai. yahI sthiti dhArmika kSetra meM hai. vahA~ bhI apanI-apanI DhapalI apanA-apanA rAga hai. pratyeka dharma apanI uccatA, saccAI tathA mukti kI ThekedArI kA rAga alApa rahA hai. apane-Apa ko saccA aura dUsare ko jhUThA batalA rahA hai. yadi ye saba vicAraka, eka maMca para baiThakara sahiSNutA aura dhairya ke sAtha, eka-dUsare kI bAta suneM aura apanI hI dRSTi ko dUsaroM para balAt thopane kA yatna na kareM, to phira satya-tathya inakI AMkhoM ke sAmane na tairane lage! inameM paraspara mela na ho jAe! 'samajhaute aura samanvaya kA dvAra na khula jAe! sarvodaya kI pagaDaMDI sApha na ho jAe! sarvatra zAntipUrNa saha-astitva aura sahajIvana kA prakAza na phaila jAe! aura yahI sikhAtA hai jana-saMskRti ke tattva-jJAna kA mUlAdhAra anekAntavAda. jaise prakAza ke Ate hI andhakAra adRzya ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra anekAnta kA Aloka mana-mastiSka meM Ate hI kalaha, dveSa, vaiSamya, kAluSya, pArasparika tanAva saMkIrNa vRtti evaM saMgharSa bAta kI bAta meM zAnta ho jAte haiM. aura zAnti tathA samanvaya kA eka madhura vAtAvaraNa banatA-bar3hatA calA jAtA hai. pArasparika virodha aura saMgharSAtmaka tanAva ke jahara ko nikAlakara avirodha, zAMti, saha-astitva ke isa amRtavarSaNa meM hI anekAntavAda kI sarvopari upayogitA nihita hai. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ zrI indra candra zAstrI ema0 e0, pI-eca0 DI0 dillI jainadarzana 'jaina' zabda kA artha hai jina ke anuyAyI aura 'jina' zabda kA artha hai jisane rAga dveSa ko jIta liyA hai. use arhat arthAt pUjanIya bhI kahA jAtA hai. isI AdhAra para jainadharma kA dUsarA nAma Arhaddharma hai. jainasAdhu parigraha yA saMpatti nahIM rakhate. unake pAsa aisI koI vastu nahIM hotI jise gAMTha bAMdhakara rakhA jAya. isaliye ve nirgrantha kahe jAte haiM aura unakA dharma nigraMtha dharma. IsvIpUrva chaThI zatAbdI meM bhAratIya saMskRti kI do mukhya dhArAe~ thIM. eka ora yajJa tathA bhautika sukhoM para bala dene vAlI brAhmaNa paraMparA aura dUsarI ora nivRtti tathA mokSa para bala denevAlI zramaNa paraMparA. jainadharma zramaNaparaMparA kI eka pradhAna zAkhA hai. jainadharma na vikAsavAdI hai aura na hrAsavAdI. jagatkartA ke rUpa meM kisI atIndriya sattA ko nahIM mAnatA. vizva parivartanazIla hai. usakI upamA eka cakra se dI jAtI hai jisameM unnati aura avanati, utthAna aura patana kA krama nirantara calatA rahatA hai. isa krama ko bAraha AroM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai. utthAna ko utsarpiNI kAla aura patana ko avasarpiNI kAla kahA jAtA hai. pratyeka meM chaha Are haiM. pratyeka kAla ke madhya meM dharma kI sthApanA hotI hai. prastuta kAla avasarpiNI hai. isameM sabhI bAteM hIyamAna haiM. isake madhya meM arthAt tRtIya Are ke aMta me prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva huye. ve hI jainadharma kI vartamAna paraMparA ke saMsthApaka mAne jAte haiM. unakA varNana bhAgavata tathA vaidika sAhitya meM bhI AyA hai. jJAta hotA hai ve sarvamAnya mahApuruSa rahe hoMge. unake samaya ke viSaya meM aitihAsika dRSTi se kucha nahIM kahA jA sakatA. RSabhadeva ke pazcAt 23 tIrthaMkara huye. bAIsaveM neminAtha bhagavAn kRSNa ke cacere bhAI the. chAMdogya upaniSad meM unakA nirdeza ghora aMgirasa ke rUpa meM AyA hai. teIsaveM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha IsvIpUrva 850 meM huye. ve vArANasI ke rAjakumAra the. aMtima tIrthakara bhagavAn mahAvIra IsvIpUrva 600 meM huye. vartamAna jainadharma unhIM kI dena hai. mahAvIra ke pazcAt eka hajAra varSa kA samaya Agamayuga kahA jAtA hai. usa samaya zraddhApradhAna Agama granthoM kI racanA huI. dArzanika dRSTi se unakA itanA mahattva hai ki yatra-tatra vibhinna mAnyatAe~ milatI haiM, kintu pratipAdanazailI dArzanika nahIM hai. darzanayuga kA prArambha IsA kI 5vIM zatAbdI meM huA. mahAvIra ke kucha samaya pazcAt jainadharma meM zvetAmbara aura digambara do sampradAya ho gaye. donoM ne dArzanika sAhitya kA vikAsa kiyA. jahAM taka jaina mAnyatAoM kA prazna hai unakA saMgraha karane vAlA prathama sUtragrantha tattvArtha sUtra hai. ise mokSazAstra bhI kahA jAtA hai. yaha umAsvAti yA umAsvAmI (tRtIya zatAbdI) kI racanA hai. isa para unakA svopajJa bhASya, pUjyapAda kI sarvArthasiddhi, siddhasenagaNI kA bhASya, akalaMka kI rAjavAtika, vidyAnaMda kI zlokavArtika tathA zrutasAgara kI AtmakhyAti nAmaka TIkAeM haiM. ye racanAyeM Agama sAhitya meM sammilita kI jAtI haiM. kuMdakuMda ne pravacanasAra. samayasAra, niyamasAra, aSTapAhur3a Adi aneka graMthoM kI racanA kI. unameM khaNDana-maNDana na hone para bhI AtmA, jJAna Adi viSayoM kA sUkSma vivecana hai. digambara paramparA meM unheM Agama mAnA jAtA hai. dArzanika dRSTi se bhI unakA mahattva kama nahIM hai. Jain Education Inten Antall anorg
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________________ 318 : muni zrI hajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya zradhyAya darzanayuga kA prArambha 5vIM zatAbdI meM mAnA jAtA hai. isI samaya siddhasena divAkara aura samaMtabhadra, mallIvAdI aura pAtrakesarI nAmaka AcArya hue. siddhasena zvetAmbara the aura samaMtabhadra digambara donoM ne janadarzana ke prANa anekAntavAda kI sthApanA kI. bhagavAn mahAvIra ne nayavAda kA pratipAdana kiyA thA. siddhasena ne use AdhAra banAkara sanmatitarka kI racanA kI jo anekAntavAda para prathama graMtha mAnA jAtA hai. unakI dUsarI racanA nyAyAvatAra jainatarkazAstra kA prathama graMtha hai. siddhasena ne 32 dvAtriMzikAyeM bhI racIM. unameM se 22 upalabdha haiM. inameM stotra ke rUpa meM dArzanika carcA kI gaI hai. samaMtabhadra kI darzanazAstra se sambandha rakhane vAlI 3 racanAe~ haiM (1) AptamImAMsA meM unhoMne yaha carcA kI hai ki Apta arthAt vizvAsa evaM pUjA ke yogya mahApuruSa vahI ho sakatA hai jo rAga dveSAdi se pare ho tathA jisakI vANI meM pUrvApara birodha na ho. isa kasauTI para buddha, kapila, kaNAda Adi nahIM utarate. ataH unheM Apta nahIM kahA jA sakatA. sAtha hI nityAnitya, bhedAbheda, sAmAnya- vizeSa, guNa aura guNI kA paraspara sambandha Adi viSayoM ko lekara pracalita ekAnta dRSTiyoM kA khaNDana aura anekAnta kA pratipAdana kiyA hai. isa para akalaMka kI aSTazatI aura vidyAnanda kI aSTasahastrI nAmaka TIkAe~ haiM. unakA dArzanika sAhitya meM mUrdhanya sthAna hai. samaMtabhadra ke anya grantha (2) yuktyanuzAsana aura ( 3 ) svayaMbhUstotra haiM. sabhI meM unakI praur3ha tArkikatA kA paricaya milatA hai. mallivAdI ne nayacakram tathA vAdanyAya kI racanA kI. unakA athana hai ki vibhinna mata cakra meM AroM ke samAna hai. sabhI eka-dUsare kA khaNDana karate rahate haiM. kintu niSkarSa para koI nahIM pahuMcatA sampUrNa satya cakra ke samAna hai aura samasta mata usake ghaTaka haiM. apane Apa meM arthAt nirapekSa hone para mithyA haiM aura sApekSa hone para satya ke aMga bana jAte haiM. kSamAzramaNa ( 7vIM zatAbdI) ne nayacakra para bRhad TIkA likhI hai. pAtrakesarI yA pAtra svAmI ne 'trilakSaNakadarthana' nAmaka graMtha racA. isameM bauddhoM dvArA pratipAdita hetu ke svarUpa kA khaNDana hai. akalaMka (800 IsavI) ne dignAga, dharmakIrti, Adi bauddha AcAryoM kA khaMDana karate hue jainadRSTi se pramANavyavasthA kA pratipAdana kiyA. unake sthApavinizcaya lIyastraya tathA siddhivinizcaya isI samaya zvetAmbara AcArya haribhadra sUri hue. unhoMne bahusaMkhyaka granthoM kI racanA kI. darzanazAstra se sambandha rakhane vAle grantha hai-anekAntajayapatAkA, zAstravArtAMsamuccaya, padarzanasamuccaya tathA lokatatva nirNaya unake aura aSTakoM meM bhI dArzanika carcAe~ haiM. yogadRSTisamuccaya, yogabindu tathA yogaviMzikA yogaviSayaka graMtha haiM. dharmasaMgrahaNI prAkRta meM hai. haribhadra ne diGnAga ke nyAyapraveza para TIkA likhakara apanI udAradRSTi kA paricaya diyA hai. akalaMka ke bhASyakAra vidyAnanda hue. asahI ke atirikta unake mukhya graMtha haiM-pramANaparIkSA, AptaparIkSA, patraparIkSA, satyazAsanaparIkSA, tathA lokavArtika Adi isa samaya anaMtakIrtine laghusavaMzasiddhi bRhatsarvajJasiddhi tathA jIvasiddhi aura anantavIrya ne usa para siddhivinizcaya TIkA racI. mANikyanaMdI ( 10vIM zatAbdI) kA parIkSAmukha jaina tarkazAstra kA prathama sUtra graMtha hai. isI samaya siddharSi ne siddhasena kRta nyAyAvatAra para TIkA racI. abhayadeva (1054 ) kI sanmatitarka para 'vAdamahArNava' nAmaka vizAla TIkA bhI isI samaya kI hai. prabhASa (1037 se 1122 ) ne parIkSAmukha para pramevakalagArtaNDa tathA samIpasthaya para nyAyakumundacandra nAmaka TIkAyeM racIM. vAdirAja ne nyAyAvatAra para nyAyavinizcayavivaraNa aura jinezvara (11 vIM zatAbdI) ne nyAyAvatAra para pramANalakSya nAmaka vArtika tathA una para TIkA racI. anantavIrya (12 vIM zatAbdI) kI parIkSAmukha para prameyaratnamAlA nAmaka saMkSipta TIkA hai. vAdI devasUri (1143-1226) ne pramANanayatattvAloka nAmaka sUtra graMtha aura usa para syAdvAdaratnAkara nAmaka vizAla TIkA likhI. kahA jAtA hai ki isakI zloka saMkhyA 84000 thI, kintu saMpUrNa upalabdha nahIM hai. bAdI deva zvetAmbara the. unakI racanAe~ parIkSAmukha aura prameyakamalamANDa kI pratikriyA hai. unhoMne strImukti aura kevalI ke AhAra ko lekara vistRta carcA kI hai. kahA jAtA hai ina viSayoMko lekara kumundacandra aura vAdI devasUri meM zAstrArtha huA thA. pramANanayatattvAloka para vAdI deva ke ziSya ratnaprabha ne ratnAkarAvatArikA TIkA likhI. isI samaya hemacandrAcArya ( 1145 se 1226) hue. unhoMne svopajJa TIkA ke sAtha pramANamImAMsA nAmaka sUtra graMtha tathA Jain Education Inhandral Yv Forte & Perserial Use Only www.udrary.org
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________________ indracandra zAstrI : jainadarzana : 316 do dvAtriMzikAyeM racI. inakI 'anyayoga-vyavacchedikA' nAmaka dvAtriMzikA para malliSeNa kI syAdvAdamaMjarI nAmaka TIkA hai. 12 vIM zatAbdI meM hI zAMtyAcArya ne nyAyAvatAra para svopajJa TIkA ke sAtha nyAyavArtika kI racanA kI. guNaratna (15 vIM zatAbdI) kI SaDdarzanasamuccaya para TIkA dArzanika sAhitya ke itihAsa meM mahatvapUrNa sthAna rakhatI hai. bhaTTAraka dharmabhUSaNa (15 vIM zatAbdI) kI nyAyadIpikA jainanyAya kA prArambhika graMtha hai. satrahavIM zatAbdI meM yazovijaya nAmaka pratibhAzAlI AcArya hue. unhoMne janadarzana meM navya nyAya kA praveza kiyA. unake mukhya graMtha hai-anekAMtavyavasthA, jainatarka bhASA, jJAnabindu, nayapradIpa, nayarahasya aura nayAmRtataraMgiNI, saTIka nayopadeza. nyAyakhaMDakhAdya tathA nyAyAloka meM navya nyAya zailI meM naiyAyikAdi darzanoM kA khaMDana hai. aSTasahasrI para vivaraNa tathA haribhadrakRta zAstravArtAsamuccaya para syAdvAdakalpalatA nAmaka TIkAeM haiM. bhASArahasya, pramANa rahasya, vAdarahasya nAmaka granthoM meM navyanyAya ke DhaMga para jaina tatvoM kA pratipAdana hai. unhoMne yoga tathA anya viSayoM para bhI graMtha race. isI yuga meM vimaladAsa garaNI ne 'saptabhaMgItaraMgiNI' nAmaka graMtha navyanyAya zailI para racA. jJAnamImAMsA vedAnta meM AtmA ko sat cit aura AnaMda svarUpa mAnA gayA hai. isI prakAra jainadarzana meM use anaMta catuSTayarUpa mAnA gayA hai. ve haiM anaMtajJAna, anaMtadarzana, anaMtasukha aura anaMtavIrya. prathama do--jJAna evaM darzana cetanA hI ke do rUpa haiM. pratyeka AtmA apane Apa meM sarvajJa tathA sarvadarzI hai. usake ye guNa bAhya AvaraNa ke kAraNa chipe hue haiM. jJAna kA svarUpa :---jainadarzana ke anusAra jJAna prakAza ke samAna hai arthAt vaha apane Apa meM vidyamAna vastu ko prakAzita karatA hai. naI racanA yA apanI ora se usameM koI sammizraNa nahIM karatA. yahA~ eka prazna hotA hai kisI vyakti ko dekhakara hameM yaha pratyakSa hotA hai ki vaha hamArA zatru hai. kyA zatrutva usa vyakti meM hai ? yadi aisA hai to vaha dUsaroM ko bhI zatru ke rUpa meM kyoM nahIM dikhAI detA ? uttara meM jainadarzana kA kathana hai ki vyakti yA vastu meM pratIta hone vAle sabhI dharma sApekSa hote haiM. eka hI vastu eka vyakti ko choTI dikhAI detI hai aura dUsare ko bar3I. donoM kI apanI-apanI apekSAeM hotI haiM aura usa dRSTi se donoM sacce haiM. isI prakAra vahI vyakti eka ko zatru dikhAI detA hai aura dUsare ko mitra. donoM kA yaha jJAna apanI-apanI apekSA ko lie hue hai. yadi mitratA kA darzana karane vAlA vyakti zatrutAdarzana karane vAle kI apekSA ko dRSTi meM rakha kara vicAra kare to use bhI zatrutA kA hI darzana hogA. eka hI strI eka vyakti kI dRSTi meM mAtA hai, dUsare kI dRSTi meM bahina, tIsare kI dRSTi meM patnI, cauthe kI dRSTi meM putrI. inameM se koI bhI dRSTi mithyA nahIM hai. mithyApana tabhI AyagA jaba apekSA badala jAye. sabhI jJAna AMzika satya ko lie rahate haiM aura yadi unheM AMzika satya ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA jAya to sabhI sacce haiM. ve hI jaba pUrNa satya mAna liye jAte haiM aura dUsarI dRSTi yA apekSA kA nirAkaraNa karane lagate haiM to mithyA ho jAte haiM. jainadarzana ke anusAra pUrNa satya kA sAkSAtkAra sarvajJa ko hI ho sakatA hai aura usI kA jJAna pUrNa satya kahA jA sakatA hai. jJAna ke bheda jJAna ke 5 bheda haiM. (1) mati-iMdriya aura mana se hone vAlA jJAna. (2) zruta-zAstroM se hone vAlA jJAna. (3) avadhi-dUravartI tathA vyavadhAna vAle padArthoM kA jJAna, jo viziSTa yogiyoM ko hotA hai. isake dvArA yogI kevala rUpa vAle padArthoM ko hI dekha sakatA hai. (4) manaHparyaya-dUsare ke manobhAvoM kA prayatna. (5) kevalajJAna--sarvajJoM kA jJAna, jisake dvArA ve vizva ke samasta padArthoM ko eka sAtha jAnate haiM. prAcIna paraMparA meM inameM se prathama do ko parokSa mAnA gayA aura aMtima tIna ko pratyakSa. kAlAMtara meM anyadarzanoM ke samAna indriya se hone vAle jJAna ko bhI pratyakSa meM sammilita kara liyA gayA. akalaMka ne isa bAta ko lakSya meM rakhakara pratyakSa ke do bheda kara diye. sAMvyavahArika aura pAramAthika. indriya tathA mana se hone vAle pratyakSa ko prathama koTi meM le liyA aura avadhi Adi tIna jJAnoM ko dvitIya koTi meM. FG Jain Edulation Intematonal jainelibrary.org
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________________ 360 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-prantha : dvitIya adhyAya jainadarzana ke anusAra AtmA kamare meM baiThe hue vyakti ke samAna hai aura mana tathA indriyA~ khir3akI ke samAna. unakA kAma itanA hI hai ki thor3I dera ke lie jJAtA aura jJeya ke bIca par3e hue AvaraNa yA pardai ko haTA deM. jAnane kA kAma AtmA svayaM karatA hai. isI dRSTi ko sAmane rakhakara prAcIna AgamoM meM pratyakSa aura parokSa kA bheda nahIM kiyA gayA. sarvaprathama yaha bheda umAsvAti ne kiyA. usakA AdhAra thA ki jisa jJAna meM indriya, mana yA zabda Adi kI sahAyatA hotI hai vaha parokSa hai aura jahA~ usa sahAyatA kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai vaha pratyakSa hai. anya darzanoM ke sAtha saMparka hone para indriyajJAna ko bhI sAdhAraNa vyavahAra kI dRSTi se pratyakSa mAna liyA gayA. pratyakSa kA krama jaba hama kisI vastu ko dekhate haiM to ekadama aMtima nirNaya para nahIM pahuMcate. pahale sAmAnya jJAna hotA hai, dhIre dhIre vizeSatA kI ora bar3hate haiM. jaba kisI dUra kI vastu ko dekhate haiM to yaha krama spaSTa pratIta hotA hai, kintu paricita evaM nikaTastha vastu kA jJAna zIghra ho jAtA hai. spardhatayA mAlUma na par3ane para bhI bahAM isa krama kA abhAva nahIM hotA. jainadarzana meM isa krama kI pAMca avasthAeM batAI gaI haiM. (1) darzana-sAmAnyajJAna, jahAM kevala itanA hI bhAna hotA hai ki kucha hai. (2) avagraha-indriya ke dvArA vastu kA grahaNa. isakI bhI do avasthAeM haiM. 1 vyaMjanAvagraha aura arthAvagraha. vyaMjanAvagraha kA artha hai indriya aura padArtha kA paraspara sambandha. yaha kevala cAra indriyoM meM hotA hai. mana aura cakSurindriya se hone vAle jJAna meM nahIM hotA. dUsarA arthAvagraha hai-isakA artha hai vastu kA pratibhAsa. (3) IhA--vizeSa jAnane kI icchA . (4) avAya-vizeSa kA nizcaya. (5) dhAraNA-jJAna kA saMskAra ke rUpa meM pariNata honA, jisase kAlAntara meM smaraNa ho sake. ina avasthAoM meM prathama darzana nirAkAra hone ke kAraNa jJAna koTi meM nahIM AtA. zeSa cAra matijJAna kI avasthAeM haiM. parokSa ke bheda parokSa kA nirUpaNa mukhyatayA tarkayuga kI dena hai. isake 5 bheda haiM. (1) smRti-pUrvAnubhUta vastu kA smaraNa. nyAyadarzana ise pramANa koTi meM nahIM rakhatA. (2) pratyabhijJAna-isakA zabdArtha hai pahicAna. pUrvAnubhUta vastu ko punaH dekhane para hameM yaha jJAna hotA hai ki yaha vahI hai, ise ekatva pratyabhijJAna kahate haiM. kabhI tatsadRza dUsarI vastu ko dekhakara yaha jJAna hotA hai ki yaha usake sadRza hai. bhinna vastu ko dekha kara yaha jJAna hotA hai ki yaha usase bhinna hai. isa prakAra pUrvAnubhUta aura pratyakSa tulanA kA saMkalana karane vAle sabhI jJAna pratyabhijJAna haiM. vaidika darzanoM meM isakA pratipAdana upamAna ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai. (3) tarka-dhuoM agni kA kArya hai aura agni dhueM kA kAraNa. kArya, kAraNa ke vinA nahIM hotA. isI prakAra jahAM Ama hogA vahAM vRkSa avazya hogA, kyoMki Ama vRkSa kI avAMtara jAti arthAt vyApya hai. isa prakAra kArya-kAraNa bhAva, vyapya-vyApakabhAva Adi sambandhoM ke AdhAra para yaha nizcaya karanA ki eka vastu dUsarI vastu ke hone para hI ho sakatI haiM, tarka hai. ise vyAptijJAna bhI kahA jAtA hai. (4) anumAna-tarka ke AdhAra para sthAna vizeSa meM eka vastu ko dekhakara dUsarI vastu kI sattA yA abhAva siddha karanA anumAna hai. isakA nirUpaNa nyAyadarzana meM kiyA gayA hai. yahAM itanA hI batA denA paryApta hai ki jainadarzana hetu aura sAdhya ke paraspara sambandha ke liye itanA hI Avazyaka mAnatA hai ki sAdhya ke vinA hetu nahIM rahanA cAhie. bauddhoM ke samAna use kArya tathA svabhAva taka sImita nahIM karatA. udAharaNa ke rUpa meM janadarzana kA kathana hai ki jisa prakAra kArya se kAraNa kA anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai usI prakAra kAraNa se kArya kA bhI anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai. hama RECE Jain Canolianimoon ne & Personal use only
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________________ indracandra zAstrI : jainadarzana : 361 Aga dekha kara yaha anumAna kara sakate haiM ki vahAM uSNatA hogI. itanA hI nahIM, Aja ravivAra hai to yaha anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki dUsare dina somavAra hogA. kyoMki somavAra ravivAra kA uttaracara hai. isa prakAra hetu ke pUrvacara sahacara Adi aneka rUpa ho sakate haiM. (5) bhAgama-Apta arthAt vizvasanIya puruSa ke vacana ko Agama kahA jAtA hai. isake do bheda haiM. mAtA,pitA, gurujana Adi laukika Apta haiM. isa sambandha meM darzanakAroM kA matabheda nahIM hai. kintu alaukika Apta ke viSaya meM paryApta matabheda haiM. mImAMsAdarzana kA kathana hai ki zabda meM doSa tabhI AtA hai jaba usake vaktA meM koI doSa ho. veda anAdi haiM, unakA koI vaktA nahIM hai ataH ve doSarahita haiM. nyAya tathA vedAnta kA kathana hai ki vaktA meM do guNa hone cAhie. vaha nirdoSa ho aura sAtha hI apane viSaya kA pUrNa jJAtA ho. unake mata meM veda Izvara ke banAye huye haiM. usameM koI doSa nahIM hai. sAtha hI usakA jJAna paripUrNa hai. jainadarzana Izvara ko nahIM mAnatA. usakI mAnyatA hai ki pratyeka vyakti sAdhanA dvArA AtmA kA pUrNa vikAsa kara sakatA hai. usa avasthA meM vaha vItarAga aura sarvajJa ho jAtA hai. Agama usakI vANI hai, ataH pramANa hai. jaina paramparA kI mAnyatA hai ki sarvajJa tathA sarvadarzI tIrthakara upadeza dete haiM. unakI graMtha ke rUpa meM racanA gaNavaroM arthAt mukhya ziSyoM dvArA kI jAtI hai. unake pazcAt jJAnasampanna anya muniyoM dvArA race gaye graMtha bhI AgamoM meM sammilita kara liye gaye. zvetAmbara matAnusAra yaha krama bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pazcAt 1000 varSa arthAt cauthI IsvI taka calatA rahA. ve apane AgamoM ko bAraha aga, bAraha upAMga, chaha mUla, chaha cheda tathA dasa prakIrNakoM meM vibhakta karate haiM. inameM se dRSTivAda kA lopa ho gayA. zeSa 45 Agama vidyamAna haiM. digambaroM kA mata hai ki aMga upAMgAdi sabhI Agama lupta ho gaye. ve SaTkhaMDAgama aura kaSAyaprAbhRta ko mUla Agama ke rUpa meM mAnate haiM. ye graMtha mahAvIra ke 400 varSa pazcAt race gaye. inake atirikta kuMdakaMda, umAsvAmI, nemicaMda siddhAntacakravartI Adi AcAryoM kI racanA ko bhI AgamoM ke samAna pramANa mAnA jAtA hai. jainadarzana meM jJAna ke jo bheda kiye gaye haiM, unhIM ko pramANa ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai. aura yaha batAyA gayA hai ki jJAna vastu ke samAna apane Apa ko bhI grahaNa karatA hai. arthAt eka jJAna ko jAnane ke lie dUsare jJAna kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI. sAta naya vyakti apane vicAroM ko prakaTa karate samaya nijI mAnyatAoM ko sAmane rakhatA hai. eka hI strI ko eka vyakti mAtA kahatA hai, dUsarA bahina, tIsarA putrI aura cauthA patnI. isI prakAra vibhinna paristhitiyoM meM bhI eka hI vyakti ko bhinna-bhinna rUpa meM prakaTa kiyA jAtA hai. eka hI vyakti parivAra kI gaNanA karate samaya rAma yA kRSNa ke rUpa meM kahA jAtA hai. jAtiyoM kI gaNanA ke samaya brAhmaNa yA kSatriya, vyavasAya kI gaNanA ke samaya adhyApaka yA vyApArI. isa prakAra aneka abhivyakti kI dRSTiyAM haiM. una saba ko naya kahA jAtA hai. jainadarzana meM unakA sthUla vibhAjana 7 nayoM ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai. inameM mukhya dRSTi vistAra se saMkSepa kI ora hai arthAt eka hI zabda kisa prakAra vistRta artha kA pratipAdana hone para bhI uttarottara saMkucita hotA calA jAtA hai yaha prakaTa kiyA gayA hai. naigamanaya-isakI vyutpatti kI jAtI hai 'naka gamo naigamaH' arthAt jahAM aneka prakAra kI dRSTTiyAM hoM. yaha naya vAstavikatA ke sAtha upacAra ko bhI grahaNa kara letA hai. udAharaNa ke rUpa meM hama tAMgevAle ko tAMgA kahakara pukArane lagate haiM. krodhI ko Aga tathA vIra puruSa ko zera kahane lagate haiM. isa upacAra kA AdhAra kahIM guNa hotA hai, kahIM sAdRzya aura kahIM kisI prakAra kA saMbaMdha. jaise tAMge aura tAMge ke mAlika meM sva-svAmibhAva saMbaMdha hai. isa naya kA kSetra adhika vistRta hai. saMgrahanaya--isa kA artha hai sAmAnyagrAhI dRSTi arthAt adhikAdhika vastuoM ko sammilita karane kI bhAvanA. isake do bheda haiM parasaMgraha aura aparasaMgraha. parasaMgraha meM sabhI padArtha A jAte haiM. isake dyotaka haiM sat, jJeya, Adi zabda. apara Jain E GRO Adorary.org
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________________ 362 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya saMgraha kA kSetra apekSAkRta nyUnAdhika hotA hai. jaise manuSyatva kA kSetra brAhmatva kI apekSA vistRta hai aura jIvatva kI apekSA saMkucita. vyavahAra naya--sAdhAraNa vyavahAra ke lie kiyA jAne vAlA bheda isa naya ko prakaTa karatA hai. jaise manuSya kA brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya Adi jAtiyoM meM vibhAjana karanA. saMgraha meM dRSTi abheda kI ora jAtI hai aura yahAM bheda kI ora. RjusUtranaya-Rju arthAt vartamAna avasthA ko lekara calane vAlA naya. RjusUtra kI dRSTi meM jisa vyakti kA mukhya vyavasAya adhyApana hai use adhyApaka kahA jA sakatA hai. jisa samaya vaha so rahA hai yA bhojana kara rahA hai usa samaya bhI adhyApaka hai. zabdanaya-RjusUtra kevala vartamAnakAla para dRSTi rakhatA hai. zabdanaya liMga, kAraka, saMkhyA Adi kA bheda hone para vastu meM paraspara bheda mAnatA hai. udAharaNa ke rUpa meM nagara aura purI zabda ko liyA jA sakatA he. zabda naya kI dRSTi se donoM meM paraspara bheda hai. samabhirUr3hanaya-yaha naya samAnArthaka zabdoM ko svIkAra nahIM karatA arthAt jahAM eka hI artha ko prakaTa karane vAle kaI zabda haiM unake artha meM bhI bheda mAnatA hai. evaMbhUtanaya-isa naya kI dRSTi kriyA para rahatI hai. vyakti vizeSa ko adhyApaka tabhI kahA jAyagA jaba vaha adhyApana kara rahA hai, sote yA bhojana karate samaya nahIM. hamArA sAdhAraNa vyavahAra RjusUtra naya ko lekara calatA hai. 7 meM se prathama 3 arthanaya mAne jAte haiM aura aMtima 4 zabda naya. nayoM kA vibhAjana dravyAthika aura paryAyAthika ke rUpa meM bhI kiyA jAtA hai. dravyAthika meM mukhya dRSTi abheda kI ora rahatI hai aura paryAyAthika meM bheda kI ora. prathama cAra naya dravyAthika mAne jAte haiM aura antima 3 paryAyAthika. cAra nikSepa nikSepa zabda kA artha hai rakhanA yA vibhAjana karanA. zabda kA artha karate samaya vibhAjana kI cAra dRSTiyAM haiM aura hameM yaha socakara calanA par3atA hai ki prastuta prasaMga meM kisa dRSTi ko liyA jA rahA hai ? / (1) nAma nikSepa-hama kisI vyakti kA nAma rAjA rakha lete haiM. bhikhArI hone para bhI vaha rAjA kahA jAtA hai aura isa kathana ko asatya nahIM mAnA jAtA. yaha nAma nikSepa arthAt nAma kI dRSTi se zabda kA prayoga hai. (2) sthApanA nikSepa-hama maMdira meM rakhI huI mUrti ko bhagavAn kahate haiM. zataraMja ke moharoM ko hAthI ghor3e kahate haiM. yaha saba sthApanA nikSepa hai. arthAt vahAM unheM usa rUpa meM mAna liyA jAtA hai. nAma nikSepa meM kevala usa nAma se pukArA jotA hai, vaisA vyavahAra nahIM kiyA jAtA. sthApanA nikSepa meM pukArane ke sAtha vyavahAra bhI hotA hai. pratIkavAda sthApanA nikSepa kA eka rUpa hai. (3) dravya nikSepa-bhAvI yA bhUta paryAya kI dRSTi se kisI vastu ko usa nAma se pukAranA. jaise yuvarAja ko rAjA kahanA yA bhUtapUrva adhikArI ko usa pada ke nAma se pukAranA. (4) bhAvanikSepa--guNa yA vartamAna avasthA ke AdhAra para vastu ko usa nAma se pukAranA. jaise siMhAsana para baiThe hue vyakti ko rAjA kahanA yA padAdhikArI ko usake kArya kAla meM usa nAma se pukAranA. tattvamImAMsA hanadarzana ziva ko prayAsamA caratvoM kalmAyaka sikAyata karatA hai| mapra bibhAjana aura jAda aura apavitra kastA jainadarzana vizva ko 6 dravya yA 7 tattvoM ke rUpa meM vibhakta karatA hai. prathama vibhAjana jJeya jagat ko upasthita karatA hai aura dvitIya meM mukhya dRSTi AcAra yA AtmavikAsa kI hai. 7 tattvoM meM prathama do arthAt jIva aura ajIva dravyarUpa Jain ugron In tional ate Personal www.rinetary.org
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________________ indracandra zAstrI : jainadarzana : 363 haiM aura zeSa 5 jIva kI AdhyAtmika avasthAoM se sambandha rakhate haiM. unakA nirUpaNa AcAramImAMsA meM kiyA jAyagA. yahAM 6 dravyoM ke rUpa meM jIva aura ajIva tattva kA pratipAdana kiyA jAtA hai. 0-0-0--0--0--0--0--6--0--0 chaha dravya dravya kA lakSaNa hai vaha padArtha jisameM guNa aura paryAya vidyamAna hoM. jainadarzana ke anusAra pratyeka dravya meM aneka guNa hote haiM aura vaha pratikSaNa badalatA rahatA hai. bauddhadarzana kevala guNa aura paryAya arthAt avasthAoM ko mAnatA hai. unake AdhAra ke rUpa meM kisI pRthak sattA ko nahIM mAnatA. dUsarI ora advaita vedAMta AdhArabhUta sattA ko vAstavika mAnatA hai aura usameM dikhAI dene vAle guNa evaM avasthAoM ko kalpita. jainadarzana donoM ko vAstavika mAnatA hai. 6 dravya nimnalikhita haiM. (1) jIvAstikAya (2) pudgalAstikAya (3) dharmAstikAya (4) adharmAstikAya (5) AkAzAstikAya aura (6) kAla. astikAya zabda kA artha hai paramANu, pradeza, yA avayavoM kA eka piNDa hokara rahanA. jIva, pudgalAdi meM ve eka sAtha rahate haiM. kintu kAla ke aMza eka sAtha nahIM raha sakate. vahAM eka ke naSTa hone para hI dUsarA astitva meM AtA hai. isalie use astikAya nahIM kahA gayA. (1) jIvAstikAya-jIva kA artha hai cetana yA AtmA. jainadarzana meM isakA svarUpa anaMta catuSTaya arthAt anaMta jJAna, anaMta darzana, anaMta sukha aura anaMta vIrya ke rUpa meM kiyA jAtA hai. sAtha hI vaha amUttika hai arthAt usameM rUpa, rasa, gaMdha aura sparza nahIM hai. pratyeka zarIra meM pRthak-pRthak AtmA hai aura vaha jisa zarIra meM praveza karatA hai utanA hI bar3A AkAra le letA hai. cIMTI ke zarIra meM cIMTI jitanA AtmA hai aura hAthI ke zarIra meM hAthI jitanA. isa prakAra usameM saMkoca aura vistAra hote rahate haiM. pratyeka jIva apane bhAgya kA svayaM nirmAtA hai arthAt vaha kArya karane meM svatantra hai aura tadanusAra phala bhogatA hai. kArya aura phalabhoga kA svAbhAvika niyama hai. usa para kisI atIndriya zakti kA niyaMtraNa nahIM hai. udAharaNa ke rUpa meM yadi koI AMkhoM para paTTI bAMdha kara kueM kI ora bar3hegA to usameM gira jAegA. use girAne vAlI koI ucca sattA nahIM hai, vaha svayaM apane Apako girAtA hai. sAtha hI yaha bhI nizcita hai ki kArya karane para phala avazya bhoganA hogA. yaha kArya-kAraNa kA svAbhAvika niyama hai. bhUla na karane para yadi hama bhojana karate haiM to ajIrNa ho jAtA hai. peTa dukhane lagatA hai. isa ajIrNa aura udarazUla ke lie kisI bAhya sattA ko niyAmaka mAnane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai. usake liye hama svayaM uttaradAyI haiM. sAMkhya aura vedAMtadarzana meM bhI puruSa athavA brahma ko cit svarUpa mAnA gayA hai. kintu vahAM cetanA kA artha zuddha caitanya hai arthAt usameM viSaya kA bhAna nahIM rahatA. yaha bhAna prakRti yA mAyA ke kAraNa hotA hai. mukta avasthA meM vaha nahIM rahatA. kintu jainadarzana meM jJAna aura darzana arthAt nirAkAra aura sAkAra donoM prakAra kI cetanA jIva kA svAbhAvika guNa hai. isI ko upayoga kahate haiM. jo jIva kA lakSaNa mAnA gayA hai. arthAt bAhya jagat ko sAmAnya tathA vizeSa donoM rUpoM meM jAnanA jIva kA svabhAva hai aura vaha mukta avasthA meM bhI banA rahatA hai. isI tathya ke kAraNa ina paramparAoM meM kaivalya zabda kA artha bhinna-bhinna ho gayA hai. sAMkhyadarzana meM kaivalya kA artha hai prakRti ke samparka se rahita zuddha cetanA. janadarzana meM usakA artha hai sarvajJatA arthAt bAhya tathA Abhyantara samasta jagat kI anubhUti. (2) pudgalAstikAya-sAMkhyadarzana meM jo sthAna prakRti kA hai vahI jainadarzana meM pudgala kA hai. jIva ke saMsAra meM bhramaNa aura sukha duHkha bhoga kA sArA kArya pudgala dvArA saMpAdita hotA hai. kintu sAMkhyadarzana ke samAna yahAM isakA vikAsa buddhi ke rUpa meM nahIM hotA. jainadarzana ke anusAra vaha cetanA kA guNa hai aura usI ke samAna anAdi tathA ananta hai. nyAyadarzana meM pRthvI Adi cAra bhUtoM ke paramANu bhI bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke mAne gaye haiM. jala ke paramANuoM meM gaMdha nahIM hotI, agni ke paramANuoM meM gaMdha aura rasa nahIM hote tathA vAyu ke paramANuoM meM kevala sparza hI hotA hai, kintu jainadarzana pRthvI Adi ke paramANuoM meM maulika bheda nahIM mAnatA. sabhI meM rUpa, rasa, gaMdha tathA sparza cAroM guNa ANTARVARANE JainEducaptaane
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________________ 364 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya ----0--0--0-0--0-0-0--0-0 rahate haiM. pudgala ke do rUpa haiM paramANu aura skaMdha arthAt avayavI. dRzyamAna samasta jagat pudgala paramANuoM kA saMghaTana yA racanA vizeSa hai. nyAyadarzana ke anusAra paramANu meM rahane vAle rUpa, rasa Adi guNa nitya haiM, unameM parivartana nahIM hotA. sthUla vastu meM jaba parivartana hotA hai to paramANu hI badala jAte haiM, unake guNa nahIM badalate. ghar3A pakane para jaba miTTI apanA raMga chor3akara nayA raMga letI hai to miTTI ke raMga vAle paramANu bikhara jAte haiM aura usakA sthAna lAla raMga ke paramANu le lete haiM. kintu jainadarzana aisA nahIM mAnatA. vahAM paramANu vahI rahate haiM kintu unake rUpa, rasa Adi guNa badala jAte haiM. ATha vargaNAyeM jainadarzana meM pudgala kA vibhAjana ATha vargaNAoM ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai. vargaNA kA artha hai vibhinna prakAra ke varga yA zreNiyAM. yaha vibhAjana unake dvArA hone vAle sthUla padArthoM ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai. (1) audArika vargaNA - sthUla zarIra ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle paramANu . jainadarzana ke anusAra pRthvI, pAnI, agni, vAyu tathA vanaspatiyoM meM bhI jIva haiM. inake rUpa meM pratIta hone vAle sthUla padArtha una jIvoM kA zarIra hai. yaha zarIra kahIM sajIva dikhAI detA hai aura kahIM nirjIva. ise audArika zarIra mAnA jAtA hai. isI prakAra pazu-pakSI tathA manuSyoM kA zarIra bhI audArika hai. (2) vaikriyaka vargaNA-devatA tathA nArakI jIvoM ke zarIra ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle paramANu. yogI apanI yogazakti ke dvArA jisa zarIra kI racanA karate haiM vaha bhI ina paramANuoM se banatA hai. (3) zrAhArakavargaNA-vicAroM kA saMkramaNa karane vAle zarIra ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle paramANu. (4) bhASA vargaNA-vANI ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle paramAragu.. (5) manovargaNA-manobhAvoM ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle paramANu. (6) zvAsocchravAsa vargaNA-prANavAyu ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle paramANu. (7) taijasa vargaNA-taijasa nAmaka sUkSma zarIra ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle pudgala paramANu. (8) kArmANa vargaNA-kArmANa yA liMga zarIra ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle paramANu. kArmANa zarIra kA artha hai AtmA ke sAtha lage hue karmapudgala. ye hI jIva ko vividha yoniyoM meM le jAkara sthUla zarIra ke sAtha saMbandha jor3ate haiM aura sukha duHkha kA bhoga karAte haiM. sAMkhyadarzana meM jo sthAna liMga-zarIra kA hai vahI jainadarzana meM kArmANa zarIra kA hai aura vahA~ jo sUkSma zarIra kA hai yahA~ vahI taijasa zarIra kA. marane para jIva sthUla zarIra ko chor3a detA hai, taijasa aura kArmANa usake sAtha jAte haiM. ATha vargaNAoM meM se kriyaka aura AhAraka kA devatA, nArakI yA yogiyoM ke sAtha saMbandha hai. zeSa 6 hamAre vyaktitva kA nirmANa karatI haiM. (3-4) dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya-dharma dravya jIva tathA pudgala kI gati meM sahAyaka hai aura adharma sthiti meM. vartamAna vijJAna vidyut zakti ke do rUpa mAnatA hai. dhana (Positive) aura RNa (Negative). dharma aura adharma vahI kArya karate haiM. (5-6) AkAzAstikAya aura kAla-AkAza jIva aura pudgala ko sthAna pradAna karatA hai aura kAla unameM parivartana lAtA hai. kucha AcAryoM kA mata hai ki parivartana jIva aura pudgala kA svabhAva hai, ataH usake lie alaga dravya mAnane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai. vartamAna vijJAna kI dRSTi se hama ina dravyoM ko nIce likhe anusAra vibhakta kara sakate haiM : PHTOY2018 wwwjainelibrary.org
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________________ indracandra zAstrI : jainadarzana : 365 jIva (Mind) pudgala (Matter) dharma (positive Energy) adharma (Negative Energy) AkAza (Space) kAla (Time) prAcAra mImAMsA Upara batAyA gayA thA ki jainadharma meM 7 tattva mAne gaye haiM. unameM se prathama 2 arthAt jIva aura ajIva vizva ke svarUpa ko batAte haiM. zeSa 5 kA saMbaMdha AcAra arthAt AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke sAtha hai. jaina darzana bhI mokSa ko jIvana kA carama lakSya mAnatA hai. isakA artha hai AtmA ke svarUpa kA pUrNavikAsa. pratyeka jIva apane Apa meM anaMta catuSTaya rUpa hai. anaMtajJAna, anaMtadarzana, anaMtasukha aura anaMtavIrya usakA svabhAva hai. kintu yaha svabhAva bAhya prabhAva ke kAraNa dabA huA hai. isa prabhAva ko karma kahate haiM. karmoM kA bandha jina kAraNoM se hotA hai unheM Azrava kahate haiM. isa bandha kA ruka jAnA saMvara hai aura saMcita karmoM kA nAza nirjarA hai. jaina AcAra ina 5 tatvoM para vikasita huA hai. aba hama inakA vivecana kareMge. prAstrabakarmabandha ke kAraNoM ko Asrava kahate haiM. isake 5 bheda haiM. (1) mithyAtva-viparIta zraddhA. tAtvika dRSTi se isakA artha hai satya ko chor3akara asatya ko pakar3e rahanA. isI prakAra kudeva kuguru yA kudharma ko mAnanA bhI mithyAtva hai. (2) avirati-pApa karmoM se nivRtta na honA. pApAcaraNa na karane para bhI jaba taka sAdhaka usase alaga rahane kI pratijJA nahIM karatA, jaba taka mana meM DAMvADola hai taba taka avirata kahA jAtA hai. (3) pramAda-Alasya yA akarmaNyatA, jo jIvana meM anuzAsana nahIM rahane detI. aMgIkAra kie hue vrata meM kisI prakAra kI bhUla-cUka honA bhI pramAda hai. (4) kaSAya--krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha. (5) yoga--mana, vacana aura kAyA kI azubha pravRttiyA~. Asrava kA zabdArtha hai Ane kA mArga. AtmA apane Apa meM zuddha hai. ina 5 kAraNoM se karma-paramANuoM kA bandha hotA hai aura vaha malIna ho jAtA hai. karma eka prakAra kA jar3a padArtha hai jo AtmA ke sAtha milakara use malina kara detA hai. baMdha-bandha kA artha hai karmoM kA AtmA ke sAtha cipakanA aura zubhAzubha phala dene kI zakti prApta karanA. isake cAra bheda haiM. (1) prakRti baMdha-AtmA ke sAtha jo karma-pudrala bandhate haiM ve ATha prakAra ke haiM. unameM se cAra AtmA ke anaMta catuSTaya ko AcchAdita karate haiM. zeSa yoni vizeSa meM janma, zArIrika saMgaThana, tathA Ayu Adi kA nirmANa karate haiM. prathama prakAra ke karma Atma-guNoM kA ghAta karane ke kAraNa ghAti kahe jAte haiM aura zeSa cAra aghAti. ghAti karma nIce likhe anusAra haiM. (1) jJAnAvaraNa-jJAna ko DhaMkane vAlA. (2) darzanAvaraNa-darzana ko DhaMkane vAlA. (3) mohanIya-AtmA ko viparIta dazA meM le jAne vAlA. vedAnta tathA yogadarzana meM avidyA kA tathA bauddhadarzana meM tRSNA kA jo sthAna hai vahI jainadarzana meM mohanIya karma kA hai. (4) aMtarAya-Atmazakti ko kuMThita karane vAlA. 4 aghAti karma nimna prakAra haiM. (ka) vedanIya-zArIrika sukha duHkha utpanna karane vAlA. (kha) nAma karma-ucca nIca gatiyoM meM le jAne, zarIra racanA karane evaM anya anukUla tathA pratikUla sAmagrI upasthita karane vAlA. Jain Education Interational
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________________ 366 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya (ga) AyuSya-vibhinna gatiyoM meM alpa yA dIrgha jIvana pradAna karane vAlA. (gha) gotra-ucca yA nIca kula meM utpanna karane vAlA. (2) pradezabaMdha-pratyeka karma ke pradeza arthAt paramANu. (3) sthitibaMdha-pratyeka karma kI AtmA ke sAtha rahane aura phala dene kI kAla maryAdA. (4) anubhAgabaMdha-nyUnAdhika phala dene kI zakti. AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke sAtha mukhya sambandha mohanIya kA karma hai. isake do bheda haiM. (1) darzana mohanIya aura (2) cAritra mohanIya. darzana mohanIya kA artha hai mithyAtva yA dRSTi kA viparIta honA. cAritra mohanIya kA artha hai krodha mAna mAyA aura lobha Adi durbalatAyeM jo hamAre cAritra ko panapate nahIM detI. utkaTatA kI dRSTi se isakI cAra zreNiyAM haiM, jinheM lAMghate hue sAdhaka vikAsa kI uttarottara ucca avasthAoM ko prApta karatA hai. prathama zreNI anaMtAnubaMdhI hai. jisake mithyAtva mohanIya tathA isakA udaya rahatA hai vaha zraddhA tathA cAritra donoM se girA huA hotA hai aura AdhyAtmika vikAsa kA adhikArI nahIM hai. dUsarI koTi apratyAkhyAna kI hai. isake udaya vAlA samyagdRSTi to ho sakatA hai kintu AMzika yA pUrNa kisI bhI rUpa meM vrata grahaNa nahIM kara sakatA. tIsarI koTi pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa hai. isakA udaya hone para pUrNa yA mahAvratoM kA pAlana nahIM ho sakatA. cauthI koTi saMjvalana hai. isake udaya vAlA mahAvrata to aMgIkAra kara sakatA hai kintu sUkSma doSa lagate rahate haiM. isakA nAza hone para kaivalya yA AtmA kI zuddha avasthA prApta ho jAtI hai. saMbara- isakA artha hai Asrava arthAt karmabaMdha ke kAraNoM ko rokanA. mithyAtva ko rokanA arthAt sudeva, suguru aura sudharma meM vizvAsa karanA samyadarzana hai. tatvArtha sUtra meM ise tatvArthazraddhAna ke rUpa meM batAyA gayA hai. isakA artha hai jaina darzana dvArA pratipAdita 7 tattva aura 6 dravyoM meM vizvAsa. aviratirUpa Asrava ko rokane kI 2 koTiyAM haiM. prathama koTi zrAvaka kI hai. vaha ahiMsA, satya Adi vratoM kA AMzika rUpa meM pAlana karatA hai. ise dezavirati bhI kahA jAtA hai. dUsarI koTi sarvavirati yA muni kI hai. vaha mahAvratoM kA pUrNatayA pAlana karatA hai. inake pAlana ke lie samiti, gupti, parISahajaya, anuprekSAe~ Adi aneka bAtoM kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai. Asrava ke aMtima tIna dvAroM kA nirodha inhIM meM A jAtA hai. nirjarA-nirjarA zabda kA artha hai saMcita karmoM kA nAza. isake lie 12 prakAra ke tapa batAye gaye haiM. unameM se 6 bAhya haiM aura 6 AbhyaMtara. bAhyatapa kA sambandha mukhyatayA zArIrika anuzAsana se hai aura AbhyaMtara tapa kA manonigraha se. mokSa--isakA nirUpaNa pahale kiyA jA cukA hai. 14 guNasthAna-jainadharma meM AdhyAtmika utthAna kI bhUmikAoM ko 14 guNasthAnoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai. prathama arthAt mithyAtva guNasthAna avikasita avasthA ko prakaTa karatA hai. dvitIya se lekara 12veM taka vikAsa kI vividha avasthAoM ko, terahavAM aura caudahavAM pUrNatayA vikasita avasthA ko. vikAsa yA uccatara bhUmikAoM ko prApta karane ke do mArga haiM. upazamazreNi arthAt vikAroM ko dabAte hue Age bar3hanA. vahAM doSa saMskAra ke rUpa meM vidyamAna rahate haiM aura avasara pAkara ubhara jAte haiM. pariNAma svarUpa sAdhaka nIce gira jAtA hai. dUsarA mArga kSapaka zreNi hai. isameM sAdhaka vikAroM kA nAza karatA huA Age bar3hatA hai. usake patana kI saMbhAvanA nahIM rahatI. dvitIya guNasthAna patanakAla meM prApta hotA hai. yaha mithyAtva prApta karane se pahale kI avasthA hai. usa samaya saMskAra ke rUpa meM samyagdarzana kA kSINa prabhAva banA rahatA hai. tRtIya guNasthAna DAMvADola mana bAle mizradRSTi jIva kA hai. jahAM kabhI samyaktva kI ora jhukAva hotA hai aura kabhI mithyAtva kI ora. yogadarzana kI dRSTi se prathama guNasthAna ko kSipta aura mUr3habhUmikA kahA jA sakatA hai tathA tRtIya guNasthAna ko vikSipta bhUmikA caturtha. guNasthAna samyagdRSTi jIba kA hai, jo zraddhA ThIka hone para bhI vratoM ko aMgIkAra nahIM kara pAtA. pAMcavAM dezavirati zrAvaka yA gRhastha kA Jain Louician sauniainellorary.org
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________________ indracandra zAstrI : jaina darzana 367 hai, unake jIvana meM pravRtti aura nivRtti kA samanvaya hotA hai. chaThe se lekara dasaveM taka pAMca guNasthAna nivRttipradhAna muni kI bhUmikAoM ko prakaTa karate haiM, jo kaSAyoM ko kSINa karatA huA uttarottara Upara car3hatA jAtA hai. 11 vAM upazAMta mohanIya hai. vahA~ mohanIya pUrNatayA daba jAtA hai kintu dUsare hI kSaNa usakA punaH ubhAra AtA hai aura sAdhaka nIce girane lagatA hai. 12 vA~ guNasthAna kSINa mohanIya hai, jo mohanIya karma ke pUrNatayA kSaya ho jAne para prApta hotA hai. tatpazcAt sAdhaka jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa tathA aMtarAya karma kA bhI kSaya kara DAlatA hai aura terahaveM guNasthAna meM pahuMca jAtA hai. usa samaya vaha tarAga aura sarvajJa kahA jAtA hai. kaSAyoM kA sarvathA nAza hone para bhI yoga arthAt mana vacana aura kAya kI halacala banI rahatI hai. caudahaveM guNasthAna meM vaha bhI ruka jAtI hai. 5 hrasva akSaroM ke uccAraNa meM jitanA samaya lagatA hai sAdhaka utanI hI dera jIvita rahatA hai aura zarIra kA parityAga karake mokSa prApta kara letA hai. -0-0-0-0--0--0--0-0--0-0 Jain Education Intemational
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________________ zrIgopIlAla amara ema0e0, zAstrI, kAvyatIrtha, sAhityaratna jaina saMskRta DigrI kAleja, sAgara (ma0 pra0) darzana aura vijJAna ke Aloka meM pudgala dravya prArambhika-jaina darzana ne vizva ko jahA~ syAdvAda aura anekAnta ke akhaNDa siddhAnta diye haiM vahA~ pUdagaladravya kI advitIya mAnyatA bhI dI hai. udhara jainetara darzanoM ne pudgala dravya ko tattat rUpoM meM svIkAra kiyA hai aura idhara vijJAna bhI isa dravya ko spaSTa rUpa se mAnyatA detA jA rahA hai. hama yahA~ pudgala dravya kA eka suspaSTa vizleSaNa prastuta karane kA prayatna kareMge. sarvaprathama hameM jaina darzana ke anusAra isa kA adhyayana karanA hogA, phira jainetara darzanoM meM usakI taha khojanI hogI aura taba usakA vaijJAnika vizleSaNa karanA hogA. jaina siddhAnta vizva (Universe) ko chaha dravyoM (Substances) se nirmita mAnatA hai. jo sat (Existent) ho yA jisakI sattA (Existance) ho vaha dravya hai.' jisameM paryAyoM (Modifications) kI dRSTi se utpAda (Manifestation) aura vinAza (Disappearance) pratisamaya hote rahate hoM aura guNoM (Fundamental realities) kI dRSTi se, pratisamaya dhrauvya (Continuity) rahatA ho vaha sat (Existent) hai. dravya chaha hai. (1) jIva (Soul, substance possessing consciousness) (2) pudgala (Matter & Energy) (3) dharma (Medium of motion of souls, matter and energies) (4) adharma (Medium of rest of souls, matter and energies) (5) AkAza (Spacc, medium of location of soul etc.) aura (6) kAla (Time) pudgala kA svarUpa-pudgala zabda eka pAribhASika zabda hai lekina rUr3ha nahIM. isakI vyutpatti kaI prakAra se kI jAtI hai. pudgala zabda meM do avayava haiM, 'pud' aura 'gala', 'pud' kA artha hai pUrA honA yA milanA (Combination) aura 1. sad dravyalakSaNam / ---AcArya umAsvAmI : tattvArthamUtra, a05, sU0 26. 2. utpAdavyayadhauvyayuktaM sat / -vahI, a0 5, sU0 30 / 3. jIvA puggalakAyA dhammAdhammA taheva AyAsaM. -AcArya kundakundaH paMcAstikAya. Jain Education Inter For Private & Personal use only
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________________ gopIlAla amara : darzana aura vijJAna ke Aloka meM pudgala dravya : 366 -0--0--0--0-0-0--0--0--0-0 'gala' kA artha hai galanA yA miTanA (Disintegration) jo dravya pratisamaya milatA-galatA rahe, banatA-bigar3atA rahe, TUTatA-jur3atA rahe vaha pudgala hai.' sampUrNa vizva meM pudgala hI eka aisA dravya hai jo khaNDita bhI hotA hai aura punaH paraspara sambaddha bhI. pudgala kI eka sabase bar3I pahicAna yaha hai ki vaha chuA jA sakatA hai, cakhA jA sakatA hai, sUghA jA sakatA hai aura dekhA bhI jA sakatA hai. ataH kahA jA sakatA hai ki jisameM sparza, rasa, gandha aura varNa, cAroM anivAryataH pAye jAveM vaha pudgala hai.2 pudgala (Matter of Energy) ke galana-milana svabhAva (Disintegration and combination phenomena) ko vaijJAnika zabdoM meM bhI samajhAyA jA sakatA hai. pudgala ke milane yA sambaddha hone (Combination) kA artha hai ki eka skandha (Molecule) dUsare snigdha-rUkSa guNayukta skandha se mila sakatA hai aura isa prakAra adhika snigdha-rUkSa guNayukta skandha utpanna ho sakatA hai. pudgala ke galane yA khaNDita hone kA artha hai ki eka skandha meM se kucha snigdha-rUkSa guNayukta deza (bhAga) alaga ho sakatA hai aura isa prakAra kama snigdha-rUkSa guNayukta skandha utpanna ho sakatA hai. IsA kI unnIsavIM zatI taka vaijJAnikoM kA mata thA ki tattva (Elements) aparivartanIya (Non-transformable) haiM. eka tattva dUsare tattva ke rUpa meM parivartita (Transformed) nahIM ho sakatA. kintu aba tejodgaraNa (Radio activity) Adi ke anusandhAnoM se yaha siddha ho gayA hai ki tattva parivartita bhI ho sakatA hai. kiraNAtu (Uranium) ke eka aNu (Atom) meM se jaba tIna a-kaNa (Particles) vicchinna ho jAte haiM to vaha eka tejAtu (Radium) ke aNu ke rUpa meM parivartita ho jAtA hai. isI taraha jaba tejAtu kA eka aNu pA~ca a-kaNoM meM vicchinna ho jAtA hai to vaha sIsA (Lead) ke aNu ke rUpa meM parivartita ho jAtA hai. yaha to huI vigalana yA khaNDana (Disintegration) kI kriyA aura aba dekhiye pUraNa yA milana (Combination) kI kriyA-bhUyAti (Nitrogen) ke eka aNu kI nyaSTi (Nuclues) meM jaba eka a-kaNa mila jAtA hai to eka jAraka (Oxygen) kA aNu bana jAtA hai. yahI prakriyA laghvAtu (Lithium) aura vihUra (Beryllium) meM bhI saMbhava hai. pudgala ke guNa :-jaisA ki ukta paribhASA se spaSTa hai, pudgala ke mUlataH cAra guNa hote haiM, sparza, rasa, gandha aura varNa. ina cAroM ke bhI bIsa bheda hote haiM. yaha vargIkaraNa atyanta sthUla rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai, vAstava meM to ye guNa apane vibhinna rUpoM meM agaNita hote haiM. sparza :--pudgala meM ATha prakAra kA sparza pAyA jAtA hai--snigdha, rUkSa, mRdu, kaThora, zIta, uSNa, laghu (halakA) aura guru (bhArI). 1. (1) pUraNAt pud galayatIti galaH / -zabdakalpadra makoSa. (2) pUraNagalanAnvarthasaMjJatvAt pudgalAH AcArya akalaMkadeva : tattvArtharAjavArtika, -a05, sU0 1, bA0 24. (3) chavihasaMThANaM bahuvihi dehehi pUraditti galaditti poggalA. --dhavalA grantha. (4) puMgilanAt pUraNagalanadvA pudgala iti / -AcArya akalaMka deva : tattvArtharAjavArtika, a05, sU0 16, vA0 40. (5) varga-gandha-rasa-spazaiMH-pUraNaM galanaM ca yat / kurvanti skandhavat tasmAt pudgalAH paramANavaH / -AcArya jinasenaH harivaMzapurANa, sarga 7, zlo0 36. (6) pUraNAd galanAcca pudgalAH | ---gaNI siddhasena : tattvArthabhASya kI TIkA, a05, sU0 1. (7) pUraNAd galanAd iti pudgalAH / -nyAyakoSa, pR0 502. 2. sarzarasagandhavarNavantaH pudgalAH / -AcArya umAsvAmI, tattvArthasUtra, a05, sU0 23. VS LOAN M/ARO
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________________ -----------------0-0-0 370 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya pudgala ke eka skandha (Molecule) meM eka sAtha snigdha aura rUkSa meM se koI eka, mRdu aura kaThora meM se koI eka, zIta aura uSNa meM se koI eka tathA laghu aura guru meM se koI eka, aise koI cAra sparza avazya pAye jAte haiM lekina aNu (Ultimate atom) meM snigdha aura rUkSa meM se koI eka tathA zIta aura uSNa meM se koI eka, aise koI do sparza hI pAye jAte haiM kyoMki vaha pudgala kA sUkSmatama aMza hai ataH usake mRdu yA kaThora aura laghu yA guru hone kA prazna hI nahIM uThatA. rasa (svAda):-rasa pA~ca hote haiM, madhura, amla (khaTTA), kaTu, tikta (tIkhA, caraparA Adi) aura kaSAyalA (jaise AMvale kA svAda). ina rasoM kA sambandha bhojana se hai. sAhityazAstra meM bhI nau rasoM kI mAnyatA hai. jaina darzana nau rasoM kA antarbhAva jIva dravya aura pudgala dravya donoM meM karatA hai. inameM se pratyeka ke hama do bheda kara sakate haiM, anubhUtirUpa aura zabdarUpa. anubhUti cUMki jIva (AtmA) karatA hai ataH anubhUtirUpa rasa jIva meM aura zabda, jisakI carcA Age kI jAvegI, cUMki pudgala kI paryAya hai ataH zabdarUpa rasa pudgala meM antarbhUta hotA hai. gandha :-gandha do prakAra kI hai, sugandha aura durgandha. varNa (raMga):-varNa mukhyataH pA~ca prakAra kA hotA hai, kRSNa (kAlA), rakta (lAla), pIta, zveta aura nIla. dA yA do se adhika raMgoM ke mizraNa se bahuta-se naye raMga bana jAte haiM, unakA antarbhAva yathAsaMbhava inhIM pA~ca raMgoM meM hotA hai. paMcavarNoM kA siddhAnta jaina darzana ke anusAra varNa pA~ca hote haiM jaba ki saura varNapaTala (Solar-spectrum) meM sAta varNa hote haiM aura prAkRtika (Natural) aura aprAkRtika (Pigmetory) varNa to anekoM hote haiM. isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki yahA~ varNa zabda se jainAcAryoM kA tAtparya saura varNapaTala ke varSoM se athavA anya boM se nahIM, pratyuta pudgala ke usa mUlabhUta (Fundamental Property) guNa se hai jisakA prabhAva hamArI AMkha kI putalI para lakSita hotA hai aura hamAre mastiSka meM kRSNa, rakta Adi AbhAsa karAtA hai. ApTikala sosAyaTI oNpha amerikA (Optical society of America) ne varNa kI yaha paribhASA dI hai-varNa eka vyApaka zabda hai jo AMkha ke kRSNa paTala aura usase sambaddha zirAoM kI kriyA se udbhUta AbhAsa ko sUcita karatA hai. rakta, nIla, pIta, zveta aura kRSNa isake udAharaNa haiM.' paJcavarNoM kA siddhAnta yahI to hai ki yadi kisI vastu kA tApa bar3hAyA jAve to usameM se sarvaprathama adRvya (Dark) tApa kiraNeM (Heat Rays) nissarita (Emitted) hotI haiM aura phira jyoM-jyoM usake tApa ko bar3hAyA jAvegA tyoM-tyoM usameM se kramazaH rakta, pIta, zveta aura yahAM taka ki nIla kiraNeM nissarita hone lagatI haiM. zrImeghanAda zAhA aura bI0 ena0 zrIvAstava ne likhA hai ki kucha tAre nIla-zveta razmiyAM chor3ate haiM jisase spaSTa hai ki unakA tApamAna bahuta hai. tAtparya yaha ki ye pAMca varNa aise prAkRtika varNa haiM jo kisI bhI pudgala se vibhinna tApamAnoM (Temperatures) para udbhUta ho sakate haiM aura isalie unheM pudgala ke mUlaguNa mAnanA par3egA. vaise jaina vicArakoM ne varNa ke ananta bheda mAne haiM. hama saura varNapaTala (Solar Spectrum) ke varSoM (Colours) 8. Colour is a general term for all sensations, arising from the activity of retina and its attached nervous machanisms. It may be examplified by the enumeration of characteristic instances such as red, yellow, blue, black and white............ Prof. G. R. Jain : Cosmology old & New. ya
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________________ gopIlAla amara : darzana aura vijJAna ke Aloka meM pudgala dravya : 371 meM dekhate haiM ki yadi rakta se lekara kAsanI (Violet) taka taraMgapramANoM (Wavelengths) kI vibhinna avasthitiyoM (Stages) kI dRSTi se vicAra kiyA jAya to ye ananta siddha hoMgI aura inake ananta hone ke kAraNa varNa bhI ananta siddha hoMge. isakA bhI kAraNa yaha hai ki yadi eka prakAzataraMga pramANa meM dUsarI prakAzataraMga se anantaveM bhAga (Infinitesimal amount) bhI nyUnAdhika hotI hai to ve taraMgeM do visadRza varNoM ko sUcita karatI haiM. pudgala kI vizeSatAe~ vaise to pudgala kI mukhya vizeSatA usake sparza Adi cAra guNa hI haiM, ye cAroM usake asAdhAraNa bhAva haiM arthAt usake atirikta kisI anya dravya meM sambhava nahIM haiM. aisI vizeSatAe~ mukhyataH chaha kahI jA sakatI haiM. pudgala dravya ke svarUpa kA vizleSaNa karanA hI ina vizeSatAoM kA uddezya hai. pudgala dravya hai-dravya kI paribhASA hama pahale prastuta kara cuke haiM aura usa kI kasauTI para pudgala kharA utaratA hai. ise samajhAne ke lie hama eka udAharaNa deMge. suvarNa pudgala hai. kisI rAjA ke eka putra hai aura eka putrI. rAjA ke pAsa eka suvarNa kA ghar3A hai. putrI usa ghar3e ko cAhatI hai aura putra use tor3akara usakA mukuTa banavAnA cAhatA hai. rAjA putra kI haTha pUrI kara detA hai. putrI ruSTa ho jAtI hai aura putra prasanna. lekina rAjA kI dRSTi kevala suvarNa para hI hai jo ghar3e ke rUpa meM kAyama thA aura mukuTa ke rUpa meM bhI kAyama hai. ata: use na harSa hai na viSAda.' eka udAharaNa aura lIjie. lakar3I eka pudgala dravya hai. vaha jalakara kSAra ho jAtI hai. usase lakar3IrUpa paryAya kA vinAza hotA hai aura kSArarUpa paryAya kA utpAda, kintu donoM paryAyoM meM vastu kA astitva acala rahatA hai, usake AMgArattva (Carbon) kA vinAza nahIM hotA. mImAMsA-darzana ke prakANDa vyAkhyAtA kumArila bhaTTa ne isa siddhAnta kA samarthana aise hI eka udAharaNa dvArA muktakaNTha se kiyA hai.2 dravya kI paribhASA eka-dUsare DhaMga se bhI kI jA sakatI hai. jisameM guNa (Fundamental realities) aura paryAyeM (Modifications) hoM vaha dravya. jo dravya meM rahate hoM aura svayaM nirguNa hoM ve guNa kahalAte haiM. cUMki guNa dravya meM aparivartanIya (Non-transformable) aura sthAyI rUpa se rahate haiM ataH ve dravya ke dhrauvya (Continuity) ke pratIka haiM. saMjJAntara yA bhAvAntara arthAt rUpAntara ko paryAya (Modification) kahate haiM.5 paryAya kA svarUpa hI cUMki yaha hai ki vaha pratisamaya badalatI rahe, naSTa bhI hotI rahe aura utpanna bhI, ataH vaha utpAda aura vinAza, donoM kI pratIka hai. dravya kI isa paribhASA kI dRSTi se bhI pudgala kI dravyatA siddha hotI hai. 1. ghaTa-mauli-suvarNArthI nAzotpAdasthitiSvayam | zoka-pramoda-mAdhyasthyaM jano yAti sahetukam / / -AcArya samantabhadra. AptamImAMsA, zloka 56. 2. varSamAnakabhaMge ca rucakaH kriyate yadA / tadA pUrvArthinaH zokaH prItizcApyuttarArthina / hemAthinastu mAdhyasthyaM tasmAt vastUbhayAtmam / notpAdasthitibhaMgAnAmabhAve syAn matitrayam / na nAzena vinA zoko notpAdena vinA mukham / sthityA vinA na mAdhyasthyaM tena sAmAnyanityatA / / -mImAMsAzlokavArtika, zloka 21.23. 3. guNaparyayAvad dravyam / -AcArya umAsvAmI : tatvArthasUtra, a05, 038 / 4. dravyAzrayA niguNAH guNAH / -vahI, a05, sU0 41. 5. saMjJAntaraM bhAvAntaraM ca paryAyaH / -AcArya siddhasena gaNIH tattvArthabhAdhya TIkA, a, 5, sU0 37. RECOMIRALIAMARITMA muIRAUTTAMA ND India T - NORIES ALLAALAAPAIDAMANIP A NDIRTAN Hal RAP . anism OUNDgA PUMP nu nA JainEcMOIT
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________________ [0-0-0-0 372 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya pudgala nitya aura avasthita hai jisakA tadbhAva-avyaya ho arthAt jisakI maulikatA ( Fundamental reality ) kabhI naSTa na ho vaha vastu nitya kahalAtI hai.' pudgala kI maulikatA sparza rasa gaMdha aura varNa meM hai aura ve cAroM usase eka samaya ke lie bhI pRthak nahIM hote ataH vaha nitya hai. yaha eka alaga bAta hai ki yaha maulikatA rUpAntarita ( Modified) ho jAtI hai. kaccA Ama harA aura khaTTA hotA hai, aura vahI pakakara pIlA ho jAtA hai lekina vaha varNahIna aura rasahIna nahIM ho sakatA. sone kI cUr3I ko pighalAkara hAra banAyA jA sakatA hai, lekina sonA phira bhI kAyama rahegA, vaha to hara hAlata meM nitya hai. jo saMkhyA meM kama yA bar3ha na ho, jo anAdi bhI ho aura ananta bhI aura jo na svayaM ko anya dravya ke rUpa meM parivartana kare vaha vastu yA dravya avasthita kahalAtI hai. anAdi atIta kAla meM jitane pudgala - paramANu the vartamAna meM utane hI haiM aura ananta bhaviSya meM bhI utane hI raheMge. pudgala dravya kI apanI maulikatA yathAvat kAyama rahatI calI jAvegI. pudgala dravya kI apanI maulikatA ( sparza Adi guNa) kisI anya dravya meM kadApi parivartita nahIM hotI aura nahIM kisI anya dravya kI maulikatA pudgala dravya meM parivartita hotI hai. pudgala kI eka advitIya vizeSatA hai usakA rUpa yahA~ rUpa zabda kA artha hai zarIra arthAt prakRti aura UrjA (Matter & energy ) jisameM sparza, rasa, gandha aura varNa svayaM siddha haiM. a pudgala kA choTA yA bar3A, dRzya yA adRzya, koI bhI rUpa ho, usameM sparza Adi cAroM guNa avazyaMbhAvI haiM. aisA nahIM ki kisI padArtha meM kevala rUpa yA kevala gandha Adi pRthak-pRthak hoM. jahAM sparza Adi meM se koI eka bhI guNa hogA vahA~ anya zeSa guNa prakaTa yA aprakaTa rUpa meM avazya pAye jAyeMge. nyAyadarzana kI mAnyatA lekina nyAyadarzana ke antargata kevala pRthvI meM hI cAroM guNa mAne gaye haiM; jala meM kevala sparza, rasa aura rUpa, teja meM kevala sparza aura rUpa tathA vAyu meM kevala sparza hI mAnA gayA hai. isa bhrAnti kA kAraNa yaha hai ki nyAyadarzana meM pRthvI, jala, teja aura vAyu ko pRthak-pRthak dravya mAnA gayA hai jabaki vAstava meM, ye saba apane paramANuoM ( ultimate (atoms) kI dRSTi se eka pudgala dravya ke hI antargata Ate haiMnyAyadarzana kI isa mAnyatA ke khaNDana mukhyataH cAra tarka diye jAte haiM. prathama yaha ki yadi pRthvI Adi cAroM pRthakpRthak dravya hote to unameM ke eka dravya se dUsare dravya kI utpatti nahIM honI cAhie thI jabaki hotI avazya hai. udAharaNArtha motI pRthvI dravya ke antargata hai lekina utpanna hotA hai vaha jala dravya se bAMsa pRthvI dravya ke antargata hai lekina jaMgaloM meM dekhate haiM ki do bAMsoM kI ragar3a se agni dravya utpanna ho jAtA hai. diyAsalAI Adi kA dRSTAnta bhI aisA hI hai. jo nAmaka anna bhI pRthvI dravya ke antargata hai lekina usake khAne se vAyu dravya utpanna hotA hai. udjana ( Hydrogen) aura jAraka ( Oxygen) ye do vAtiyAM (Gases) haiM, aura vAyu dravya ke aMtargata AtI haiM lekina unake rAsAyanika saMyoga se jala dravya bana jAtA hai. dUsarA tarka yaha hai ki jisa prakAra pRthvI meM cAroM guNa haiM usI prakAra jala, teja aura vAyu meM se pratyeka meM bhI cAroMcAroM guNa haiM. vijJAna ne bhI yaha siddha kara diyA hai, aura jaba sabhI meM samAna samAna (cAroM-cAroM) guNa haiM to unheM pRthak-pRthak dravya mAnakara dravyoM kI mUla saMkhyA bar3hAnA ucita nahIM. nyAyadarzana jala meM gandha kA niSedha karatA hai lekina 1. tadbhAvAvyayaM nityam | AcArya umAsvAmI tattvArthasUtra, 05, sU0 42. 2. rUpiNaH pudgalAH / - vahI, 05, sU0 5. 3. rUpaMmUrtiH rUpAdisaMsthAnapariNAmaH, rUpamepAmastIti rUpiNaH pudgalAH / AcAryaM pUjyapAdaH sarvArthasiddhi, a05, sU0 5. AR (FE (RE) For Private Personal Use Only Chao Ti
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________________ gopIlAla amara : darzana aura vijJAna ke Aloka meM pudgala dravya : 373 usImeM gandha taba kitanI spaSTa ho uThatI hai jaba khetoM meM pahalI barasAta hotI hai ? cUMki yaha gandha jala ke saMyoga se utpanna hotI hai ataH use kevala pRthvI kA hI guNa na mAnakara jala kA bhI guNa mAnanA hogA. vAyu meM nyAyadarzana ne kevala sparza guNa hI mAnA hai lekina jaba udjana (Hydrogen) aura jAraka (Oxygen) vAyuoM kA saMyoga hokara jala banatA hai to usake sabhI guNa pratyakSa ho jAte haiM. tIsare takaM meM hama yaha batAe~ge ki nyAyadarzanakAra agni ke tejasvI rUpa ke samAna suvarNa ke tejapUrNa varNa ko dekha usameM aprakaTa agnitattva kI adbhuta kalpanA karatA hai.' yaha bAta yadi zakti kI apekSA kahI jAya to jala ke paramANuoM taka meM agnirUpa pariNata hone kI zakti siddha hotI hai. cauthA tarka vaijJAnika hai. vijJAna siddha karatA hai ki jisa vastu meM sparza, rasa, gandha aura rUpa, ina cAroM meM se eka bhI guNa hogA usameM prakaTa yA aprakaTa rUpa meM zeSa tIna guNa avazyameva hoMge. sambhava hai ki hamArI indriyoM se kisI vastu ke sabhI guNa athavA unameM se kucha guNa lakSita na ho sakeM. jaise upastu kiraNeM (Infrared rays) jo adRzya tApakiraNeM haiM, hama logoM kI AMkhoM se lakSita nahIM ho sakatIM, kintu ullU aura billI kI A~kheM ina kiraNoM kI sahAyatA se dekha sakatI haiM. kucha aise AcitrIya paTa (Photographic plates) hote haiM jo inhIM kiraNoM se aviSkRta hue haiM aura jinake dvArA andhakAra meM bhI Acitra (Photographs) lie jA sakate haiM. isI prakAra agni kI gandha hamArI nAsikA dvArA lakSita nahIM hotI kintu gandhavahana-prakriyA (Tele-olefaction phenomenon) se spaSTa hai ki gandha bhI pudgala kA (agni kA bhI) Avazyaka guNa hai. eka gandhavAhaka yaMtra (Tele-olefactory cell) kA AviSkAra huA hai jo gandha ko lakSita bhI karatA hai. yaha yaMtra manuSya kI nAsikA kI apekSA bahuta sadyahRSa (Sensitive) hotA hai aura sau gaja dUrastha agni ko lakSita karatA hai. isakI sahAyatA se phUloM Adi kI gandha eka sthAna se 65 mIla dUra dUsare sthAna taka tAra dvArA yA vinA tAra ke hI preSita kI jA sakatI hai. svayaMcAlita agnizamaka (Automatic fire Control) bhI isase cAlita hotA hai. isase spaSTa hai ki agni Adi bahuta se pudgaloM kI gandha hamArI nAsikA dvArA lakSita nahIM hotI kintu aura adhika sadyahRSa (Sensitive) yaMtroM se vaha lakSita ho sakatI hai. pudgala sakriya aura zaktimAn hai. pudgala meM kriyA hotI hai. zAstrIya zabdoM meM isa kriyA ko parispandana kahate haiM. yaha parispandana aneka prakAra kA hotA hai. isakA savistAra vivecana bhagavatI sUtra ke TIkAkAra abhayadeva sUri ne kiyA hai.2 pudgala meM yaha parispandana svataH bhI hotA hai aura dUsare pudgala yA jIva dravya kI preraNA se bhI. paramANu kI gatikriyA kI eka vizeSatA hai ki vaha apratighAtI hotI hai, vaha vajra aura parvata ke isa pAra se usa pAra bhI nikala jA sakatA hai para kabhI-kabhI eka paramANu dUsare paramANu se TakarA bhI sakatA hai. pudgala meM ananta zakti bhI hotI hai. eka paramANu yadi tIvra gati se gamana kare to kAla ke sabase choTe aMza arthAt eka samaya (Timepoint) meM vaha loka ke eka chora se dUsare chora taka jA sakatA hai. Adhunika vaijJAnika anusaMdhAnoM dvArA bhI siddha hai ki pudgala meM ananta zakti hotI hai eka grAma (Gram) pudgala meM jitanI zakti (energy) hotI hai utanI zakti 3000 Tana (84000 mana) koyalA jalAne para mila sakatI hai. pudgala meM saMkoca-vistAra hotA hai-pudgala Adi dravya loka meM avasthita haiM. loka meM asaMkhyAta (Countless) pradeza (absolute units of space) hI hote haiM jabaki pudgala dravya hI kevala anantAnanta (Infinite in number) haiM. aba prazna yaha uThatA hai ki anantAnanta pudgala asaMkhyAta pradeza vAle loka meM kaise sthita haiM jabaki eka pradeza, AkAza kA vaha aMza hai jisase choTA koI aMza saMbhava hI na ho ? uttara yaha hogA ki sUkSma pariNamana aura avagAhanazakti ke 1. suvarNa taijasam , asati pratibandhake'yantAgnisaMyoge'pi anucchidyamAnadravatvAdhikaraNatvAt / -AcArya annaMbhaTTaH tarkasaMgraha, pU0 8. 2. zataka 3, uddaza 3. Jain EduS 2.org
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________________ 374 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya kAraNa paramANu aura skandha sabhI sUkSmarUpa pariNata ho jAte haiM aura isa prakAra eka hI AkAzapradeza meM anantAnanta pudgala raha sakate haiM.' ---0----0-0--0-0-0-0-0 udAharaNArtha, eka kamare meM eka dIpaka kA prakAza paryApta hotA hai, lekina usameM saikar3oM dIpakoM kA prakAza bhI samA sakatA hai athavA eka dIpaka kA prakAza, jo kisI bar3e kamare meM phailA rahatA hai, kisI choTe vartana se DhaMke jAne para usI meM samA jAtA hai. isase spaSTa hai ki pudgala ke prakAza-paramANuoM meM sUkSma pariNamana zakti vidyamAna hai, usI prakAra pudgala ke pratyeka paramANu kI sthiti hai. paramANu kI bhAMti skandhoM meM bhI sUkSma pariNamana aura avagAhana zakti hotI hai. avagAhana zakti ke kAraNa paramANu athavA skandha jitane sthAna meM sthita hotA hai utane hI, usI sthAna meM anya paramANu aura skandha bhI raha sakate haiM.' sUkSma pariNamana kI kriyA kA artha hI yaha huA ki paramANu meM saMkoca ho sakatA hai, usakA dhanaphala kama ho sakatA hai. vaijJAnika samarthana yaha sUkSma pariNamana kriyA vijJAna se mela khAtI hai. aNu (Atom) ke do aMga hote haiM, eka madhyavartI nyaSTi (Nucleus) jisameM udyutkaNa (Protons) aura vidyutkaNa (Neutrons) hote haiM aura dUsarA bAhya kakSIya kavaca (Orbital Shells) jisameM vidyudaNu (Electrons) cakkara lagAte haiM. nyaSTi (Nucleus) kA ghanaphala pUre aNu (Atom) ke ghanaphala se bahuta hI kama hotA hai. aura jaba kucha kakSIya kavaca (Orbital Shells) aNu se vicchinna (Disintigrated) ho jAte haiM to ANu kA ghanaphala kama ho jAtA hai. ye aNu vicchinna aNu (Stripped atoms) kahalAte haiM. jyotiSa sambandhI anusandhAtAoM se patA calatA hai ki kucha tAre aise haiM jinakA ghanatva hamArI duniyA kI ghanatama vastuoM se bhI 200 guNita hai. eDigTana ne eka sthAna para likhA hai ki eka Tana (28 mana) nyaSTIya pudgala (Nuclear matter) hamArI vAskeTa ke jeba meM samA sakatA hai. kucha hI samaya pUrva eka aise tAre kA anusandhAna huA hai jisakA ghanatva 620 Tana (17360 mana) prati ghana iMca hai. itane adhika dhanatva kA kAraNa yahI hai ki vaha tArA vicchinna aNuoM (Stripped atoms) se nirmita hai, usake aNuoM meM kevala vyaSTiyAM hI haiM, kakSIya kavaca (Orbital shells) nahIM. jaina siddhAnta kI bhASA meM isakA kAraNa aNuoM kA sUkSma pariNamana hai. pudgala dravya kA jIva dravya se saMyoga bhI hotA hai. Age pudagala dravya ke vargIkaraNa (Classification) kA viSaya Ane vAlA hai. yaha vargIkaraNa kaI prakAra se sambhava hai. eka prakAra se pudgala ko 23 vargaNAoM yA vargoM meM rakhA jAtA hai. ina vargaNAoM meM se eka hai kArmaNa vargaNA. kArmaNa vargaNA kA tAtparya aise pudgala-paramANuoM se hai jo jIva dravya ke sAtha saMyukta huA karate haiM pudgala paramAraNuoM kA saMyoga jIva dravya ke sAtha do prakAra se hotA hai, prathama anAdi aura dvitIya sAdi. sampUrNa jIvadravyoM kA saMyoga pudgala- paramANuoM ke sAtha anAdikAla se hai yA thA. isa anAdi saMyoga se mukta bhI huA jA sakatA hai, mukta jIva ko phira yaha saMyoga kadApi nahIM hotA-lekina amukta yA baddha (saMsArI) jIva ko yaha pratikSaNa hotA va miTatA rahatA hai. isI hone-miTane vAle saMyoga ko sAdi kahate haiM. 1. sUkSmapariNAmAvagAhya zaktiyogAt paramAravAdayo hi sUkSmamAnena pariNatA ekaikasminnapyAkAzapradeze'nantAnantA vyavatiSThante, avagAhana zaktizcaiSAmavyAhatA'sti, tasmAdekasminnapi pradeze'nantAnantAvasthAnaM na virudhyate / ---AcArya pUjyapAda-sarvArthasiddhi, a05, sU016. 2. pradezasaMhAravisargAbhyAM pradIpavat / ---prAcArya umAsvAmI : tatvArthasUtra, a05, sU0 16. 3. jAvadiyaM yAsaM avibhAgI pugalAguvaTThaddhaM, taM tu padesaM jANe savANaTThA na dANarihaM / --AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI : dravyasaMgraha. P Jain Education Intematonal
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________________ gopIlAla amara : darzana aura vijJAna ke Aloka meM pudgala dravya : 375 saMyoga kA kAraNa yaha saMyoga kyoM hotA hai ? isa prazna ke do uttara haiM. jahAM taka anAdi saMyoga kA prazna hai usakA koI uttara nahIM. jaba se jIva kA astitva hai tabhI se usake sAtha pudgala paramANuoM ( kArmaNavarmaNAoM) kA saMyoga bhI hai. jisa suvarNa ko abhI khAna se nikAlA hI na gayA ho usake sAtha dhAtu-miTTI Adi kA saMyoga kaba se hai, isakA koI uttara nahIM. jaba se sonA hai tabhI se usake sAtha dhAtu-miTTI Adi kA saMyoga bhI hai. yaha bAta dUsarI hai ki sone ko usa pAtu miTTI pAdi se mukta kiyA jA sakatA hai, usI taraha jIva dravya bhI svayaM ke puruSArtha se apane ko kArmaNavargaNA se mukta kara sakatA hai. idhara, jahA~ taka sAdi saMyoga kA prazna hai, isakA uttara diyA jA sakatA hai. anAdi saMyoga ke vazIbhUta hokara jIva nAnA prakAra kA vikRta pariNamana karatA hai aura isa pariNamana ko nimitta ke rUpa meM pAkara pudgala paramANu apane Apa hI kArmaNa vargaNA ke rUpa meM parivartita hokara tatkAla, jIva se saMyukta ho jAte haiM.' saMyoga ke banane-miTane kI yaha prakriyA taba taka calatI rahatI hai jaba taka jIva dravya svayameva apane vikRta pariNamana se mukta nahIM ho jAtA hai. saMyoga kI vizeSatA jIva dravya aura pudgala dravya ke saMyoga kI isa prakriyA kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki vaha saMyukta hokara bhI pRthak-pRthak hotI hai. jIva kI prakriyA jIva meM aura pudgala kI prakriyA pudgala meM hI hotI hai. eka kI prakriyA dUsare meM kadApi sambhava nahIM. isI prakAra eka kI prakriyA dUsare ke dvArA bhI sambhava nahIM. jIva kI prakriyA jIva ke hI dvArA aura pudgala kI prakriyA pudgala ke hI dvArA sampanna hotI rahatI hai. lekina ina donoM prakriyAoM meM aisI kucha samatA, ekarUpatA rahatI hai ki jIva dravya kabhI pudgala kI prakriyA ko apanI aura kabhI apanI prakriyA ko pudgala kI mAna baiThatA hai: jIva kI yahI bhrAnta mAnyatA mithyAtva, moha yA ajJAna kahalAtI hai. saMyoga se prasava Adi tattvoM kI sRSTi jIva aura pudgala kI isa saMyoga-prakriyA ke phalasvarUpa hI jIva (Souls ) aura ajIva ( Nonsouls, eg. matters & Energies etc.) pudgala Adi ke atirikta zeSa pA~ca tattvoM kI sRSTi hotI hai. jaina darzana meM svIkRta sAta tattva ( principles) ye haiM. 3 (1) jIva Soul, a substence ( 2 ) ajIba (2) Asava (4) bandha (5) saMbara (6) nirjarA (7) aura mokSa prAstra - jIva se pudgala dravya ke saMyoga kA mUla kAraNa hai jIva kI manasA, vAcA aura karmaNA honevAlI vikRta pariNati aura isI vikRta pariNati kA nAma Asrava tattva hai. bandha-Asrava tattva ke pariNAmasvarUpa jIva dravya se pudgala dravya kA saMyoga hotA hai, lolIbhAva hotA hai jise bandha tattva kahate haiM.' bandha tattva ke antargata yaha dhyAna dene kI bAta hai ki pudgala paramANu ( kArmaNavargaNAyeM ) jIva dravya meM praviSTa ho jAte haiM, 1. jItrakRtaM pariNAmaM nimittamAtra prapadya punaranye / svayameva pariNamante'tra pudgalAH karmabhAvena / - AcArya amRtacandra puruSArthasiddhyupAya, zlo0 12. 2. evamayaM karmakRtairbhAvai rasamAhito'pi yukta iva / pratibhAti bAlizAnAM pratibhAsaH sa khalu bhavabIjam / vahI, zlo0 14. 7 3. jIvAjIvAstava bandha saMvara nirjarA-mokSAratattvam ! AcArya umAsvAmI tattvArthasUtra, a0 1 sUtra 4. 4. kAyavAGmanaHkarma yogaH / bahI, a0 6, sU0 1. 5. sa AsravaH / vahI, 50 6. sU0 4. 6. sakaSAyatvAjjIvaH karmaNo yogyAn pudgalAnAdatte sa bandhaH / vahI, a0 7, sU0 2. Pres
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________________ 376 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya antarlIna ho jAte haiM, jIva dravya ke sAtha kArmaNavargaNAyeM apanA ekakSetrAvagAhI sambandha sthApita kara letI haiM, arthAt AkAza ke jisa aura jitane pradezoM meM jIva sthita hotA hai, apanI sUkSma-pariNamana zakti ke bala para ThIka unhIM aura utane hI pradezoM meM usase sambandhita kArmaNavargaNAe~ bhI sthita ho jAyA karatI haiM. isa sthiti (ekakSetrAvagAhI sambandha) kA yaha tAtparya kadApi nahIM ki ve donoM eka dUsare meM parivartita ho jAte haiM. isa sambandha ke rahate hue bhI jIva, jIva hI rahatA hai aura pudgala pudgala hI. donoM apane-apane maulika guNoM (Fundamental realities) ko eka samaya ke lie bhI nahIM chor3ate. saMghara-jIva apane hI puruSArtha se nirantara saMyukta hotI rahane vAlI kArmaNa vargaNAoM para roka lagA sakatA hai, aura yahI roka saMvara tattva kahalAtI hai. nirjarA-isI prakAra, jIva apanI pUrva-saMyukta kArmaNavargaNAoM ko kramaza: nirjIrNa yA dUra bhI kara sakatA hai aura yahI nirjarA tattva hai. mokSa-apanI kArmaNavargaNAoM se sadA ke lie pUrNarUpeNa mukta ho jAnA jIva kA mokSa kahalAtA hai.' pudgala kA vargIkaraNa pudgala kyA hai, yaha hama jAna cuke haiM. vaha eka dravya hai. usake paramANu-paramANu meM pratisamaya utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya kI akhaNDa prakriyA vartamAna hai. isa prakriyA kI dRSTi se, jitane bhI pudgala haiM cAhe ve paramANu ke rUpa meM hoM, cAhe skandha ke rUpa meM, saba eka samAna haiM. unameM bheda yA vargIkaraNa ko avakAza hI nahIM. ataH hama kaha sakate haiM ki dravyadRSTi se pudgala kA kevala eka hI bheda hai, athavA yoM kahie ki vaha abheda hai. pudgala kA adhikatama pracalita aura sarala vargIkaraNa kiyA jAtA hai aNu (paramANu) aura skandha ke rUpa meM. hama yahA~ ina donoM vargoM kA vistRta adhyayana prastuta kareMge. aNu aNu aura usakI paribhASA - aNu, pudgala kA vaha sUkSmatama aMza hai jisakA punaH aMza ho hI na sake.4 araNu kA vibhAjana nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, vaha avibhAjya hai.5 aNu ko pudgala kA avibhAga-praticcheda bhI kahA jAtA hai. aNu kI mukhyataH pAMca vizeSatAyeM haiM--(ka) sabhI pudgala-skandha aNuoM se hI nirmita haiM. (kha) aNu nitya, avinAzI aura sUkSma hai, vaha dRSTi dvArA lakSita nahIM ho sakatA, isa bAta kA samarthana vaijJAnikoM dvArA bhI hotA hai, jaba hama kisI paramANu kA nirIkSaNa karate haiM to hara hAlata meM hama koI-na-koI bAharI upakaraNa upayukta karate haiM. yaha upakaraNa kisI-na-kisI rUpa meM paramANu ko prabhAvita karatA hai aura usameM parivartana lA detA hai. aura hama yahI parivartita paramANu dekha pAte haiM, vAstavika paramANu nahIM.6 1. prAsrabanirodhaH sNvrH| -prAcArya umAsvAmI; tattvArtha satra, a06, 0. 2, bandhahetvabhAvanirjarAjya kRtsnakarmavipramokSo mokSaH / -dahI a010, sU02. 3. (1) agavaH skndhaashc|-vhii, a05, sU0 25. (2) egatteNa puhutteNa khaMthA ya paramANu ya / -uttarajjhayaNamutta 36,11. 4. naannoH| -AcArya umAsvAmIH tatvArthasUba a05. 5. avibhAjyaH prmaannuH| -jainasiddhAntadIpikA, prakAza 1 satra 14. 6. sara DablU0 sI0 piyara : vijJAna kA saMkSipta itihAsa-(hindI anu0 pR0 266)
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________________ 6-0-0-0--------------- gopIlAla amara : darzana aura vijJAna ke Aloka meM pudgala dravya : 377 (ga) aNu meM koI eka rasa, eka gandha, eka varNa aura do sparza (snigdha athavA rUkSa aura zIta athavA uSNa) hote haiM.' (gha) aNu ke astitva kA jJAna (anumAna) usase nirmita pudgala-skandharUpa kArya se hotA hai. (Ga) aNu itanA sUkSma hotA hai ki usake Adi, madhya aura anta kA prazna hI nahIM uThatA.2 aNu aura vijJAna kA tathAkathita 'eTama'--ina sabhI vizeSatAoM ke bAvajUda yaha dhyAna dene kI bAta hai ki Adhunika rasAyana-zAstra (Chemistry) meM jo 'eTama' (Atoms) mAne gaye haiM, unheM prastuta aNu kA hI dUsarA rUpa nahIM kahA jA sakatA. yadyapi 'eTama' kA matalaba pahale yahI liyA gayA thA ki use vibhAjita nahIM kiyA jA sakatA lekina aba yaha pramANita ho cukA hai ki 'eTama' (Atom) udyutkaNa (Proton), nidyutkaNa (Neutrons) aura vidyutkaNa (Electron) kA eka piNDa hai jabaki paramANu vaha mUla kaNa hai jo dUsaroM se mela ke binA svayaM kAyama rahatA hai. aNu aura 'eTama' kI isa viSamatA ko dekhakara vaizeSika darzana kI yaha mAnyatA aura bhI hAsyAspada lagane lagatI hai ki sUrya ke prakAza meM calate-phirate dikhane vAle dhUlikaNa paramAraNu haiM. aNu kA vargIkaraNa aNu ko cAra vargoM meM rakhA jA sakatA hai :(1) dravya aNu arthAt pudgala-paramANu, (2) kSetra aNu arthAt AkAza-pradeza, (3) kAla aNu arthAt 'samaya' (4) bhAva aNu arthAt 'guNa'. bhAva aNu ke bhI cAra mUla bheda aura solaha upabheda hote haiM. skandha skandha kI paribhASA-do yA do se adhika paramANuoM ko piNDa skandha kahalAtA hai. skandha kA ghanatva-yaha Avazyaka nahIM ki sabhI skandha netra dvArA lakSita ho sakeM. eka skandha meM bhI, jise hama sUkSmadarzaka yaMtra se hI dekha pAte hoM--ananta paramANu rahate haiM. jainadarzana kA yaha skandhoM ke ghanatva kA siddhAnta vijJAna dvArA khUba puSTa huA hai. eka auMsa pAnI meM itane skandha haiM ki yadi unheM saMsAra ke tamAma strI-puruSa aura bacce prati sekaNDa pA~ca kI raphtAra se ginanA zurU kara deM to pUrA ginane meM cAlIsa araba varSa kA samaya laga jAvegA.6 abhI-abhI sauramaNDala meM eka aise nakSatra kA patA calA hai jisake eka ghana iMca kA aMza 620 Tana (17360 mana) ke vajana kA hotA hai." skandha kA vargIkaraNa skandhoM ko tIna vargoM meM rakhA jAtA hai.5 'skandha' aneka paramANu jaba eka samudAya meM Akara 1. eka-rasa-gandha-vaNoM dvisparzaH kAryaliMgazca. kAraNameva tadantyaM, sUkSmo nityo bhavet paramANuH / AcArya akalaMkadevaH tattvArtharAjavArtika, a0 2, sU0 25. 2. sIcamyAd ya AtmAdi-rAtmamadhya-AtmAntazca / -vahI, a05, sU0 25, vA01. 3. caubdhihe paramAraH parANatte, taM jahA, davaparamAra, khettaparamArA, kAlaparamANU , bhaavprmaae| -bhagavatIsUtra, 20 | 5 | 12. 4. vahI, 20 / 5 / 16. 5. vahI, 20 / 5 / 1. &. E. N. D. Sc.&. Andrade D. Sc. Ph. D. The Machanism of Nature Page 37. 7. Raby fa Bois F. R. A. 'Arm Chair Science' London, July 1937. 8. je rUbI te caucihA parANattA, khaMdhA, khaMdhadesA, khaMdhapaesA, paramAgupoggalA -bhagavatI sutra, 2 / 10 / 66. sa upawwwwww wwwwww 10101010101010 Isiolo i otoll ololololololol ppA Jain Education internam For Private & Personal use only wawwajanenorary.org
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________________ --------------------- 378 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya paraspara sambaddha ho jAte haiM taba ve skandha kahalAne lagate haiM. skandha kA khaNDa bhI skandha kahalAtA hai.' skandhadeza-skandha kA koI bhI aMza yA khaNDa (part) jo apane aMgI se pRthagbhUta na ho, skandhadeza kahA jAtA hai.2 skandhapradeza-skandha yA skandhadeza kA eka paramANu jo apane aMgI se pRthagbhUta na ho, skandhapradeza kahalAtA hai. athavA pudgala ke paramANu aura skandha ke rUpa meM do bheda hote haiM lekina grAhya aura agrAhya ke rUpa meM bhI do bheda sambhava haiM. grAhya pudgala-pudgala ke jo paramANu jIva dravya se saMyukta hote haiM unheM grAhya kahA jAtA hai. inheM hama kArmaNa Adi vargaNA bhI kaha sakate haiM. agrAhya pudgala-grAhya pudgaloM ke atirikta zeSa sabhI agrAhya haiM, unheM jIva grahaNa nahIM karatA, jIva se unakA saMyoga nahIM hotA. tIna bheda-pudgala dravya pariNamanazIla hai. usameM pariNamana svayameva to hotA hI hai, jIva ke saMyoga se bhI hotA hai, isI dRSTi ko lekara usake tIna bheda sambhava haiM.4 prayoga-pariNata (Organic matter)--aise pudgaloM ko prayoga-pariNata kahate haiM jinhoMne jIva ke saMyoga se apanA pariNamana kiyA hai. visrasA-pariNata (Inorganic matter)-visrasA-pariNata aise pudgaloM ko kahate haiM jo apanA pariNamana svataH kiyA karate hoM, jIva kA saMyoga hI jinase kabhI na huA ho. mizra-pariNataye ve pudgala haiM jinakA pariNamana jIva ke saMyoga se aura svayameva, donoM prakAra se eka-hI-sAtha rahA hotA hai. mizra-pariNata pudgala unheM bhI kahA jA sakatA hai jinakA pariNamana kabhI jIva ke saMyoga se huA ho lekina aba kinhIM kAraNoM se jo svayameva apanA pariNamana kara rahe haiM. cAra bheda pudgala ke cAra bheda kisI viziSTa dRSTi se nahIM hote, skandha ke tIna bheda jinakA adhyayana hamane abhI-abhI kiyA hai. aura paramANu kA eka bheda milakara pudgala ke cAra bheda kahalAne lagate haiM. 5 chaha bheda paramANu aura skandha ke rUpa meM hamane pudgala kA adhyayana kiyA, aura hama dekheMge ki usakA adhyayana chaha bhedoM ke rUpa meM bhI ho sakatA hai. ye chahoM bheda skandha ko dRSTi meM rakhate hue kiye gaye haiM. 1. bhedasavAtebhya utpadyante / -AcArya umAsvAmI : tattvArthasUtra, a05, sU0 26. 2. vastuno pRthagbhUto buddhikalpito'zo deza ucyate / -jainasiddhAntadIpikA, pra01, su0 22. 3. niraMzo dezaH pradezaH kathyate / -vahI, pra01, nu0 23. 4. tibihA poggalA paNNattA, pogapariNayA, vosasApariNayA, mosaaprinnyaa| -bhagavatIsUtra, 8 / 11. 5. je rUvI te caubihA paraNattA, khaMdhA, khaMdhadesA, khaMdhapadesA, paramANupoggalA / ---vahI, 221066. 6. (1) bAdarabAdara-bAdara-bAdarasuhumaM ca suhumathUlaM ca / sudubhaM ca suhumaM suhumaM dharAdiyaM hodi chammeyaM / -nebhicandra siddhAntacakravartI : gommaTasAra, jovakANDa gA0 602. (2) azthUlathUla-thUlaM thUlasuhumaM ca suhumathUlaM c| suhumaM aimuhumaM idi dharAdiyaM hodi chabbheyaM / bhUpabbadamAdoyA bhaNidA aithUlathUlamidi khaMdhA / thUlA idi vieNeyA sappojalatelamAdIyA / YADAV YY ka hara SSED-SLI 30 Aprodreused GM.jainsforary.org Educati) Jain
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________________ gopIlAla amara : darzana aura vijJAna ke Aloka meM pudgala dravya : 376 pudgala kA yaha vargIkaraNa, vizva ke ananta pudgala-paramANuoM kA yaha pRthak-pRthak vibhAjana, itanA vaijJAnika bana par3A hai ki vaha Adhunika vijJAna-vettAoM ke lie Azcarya kA viSaya hai. isa vargIkaraNa meM hama kucha una tattvoM kA bhI anta rbhAva karate caleMge jinakA AvirbhAva yA AviSkAra isI yuga meM huA hai. sthUla-sthUla [Solids]. lakar3I patthara Adi jaise Thosa padArtha isa varga meM Ate haiM. sthUla [Liquids]. isa varga meM jala, tela Adi drava padArtha Ate haiM. sthUla-sUcama [Visible Energies]. prakAza, chAyA, andhakAra Adi jaise dRzya padArtha isa varga meM lie gaye haiM, prakAza UrjA [Energy] bhI isI varga meM rakhI jA sakatI hai. sUkSma-sthUla [Ulteravisible but intrasensual matters]. aise padArtha isa varga meM Ate haiM jinheM hama netra indriya se to nahIM jAna pAte lekina zeSa cAroM meM se kisI-na-kisI indriya dvArA avazya jAna sakate haiM. isake uhAharaNa haiM udjana [Hydrogen], jAraka [Oxygen] Adi vAtiyeM [Gases] aura dhvani UrjA [Sound energies] Adi jaisI UrjAye. sUcama [Ultravisible matter]. zAstrIya bhASA meM jinheM kArmaNavargaNA kahate haiM, una pudgaloM ko isa varga meM rakhA gayA hai. ye ve sUkSma skandha haiM jo hamArI vicAra-kriyA jaisI kriyAoM ke lie anivArya haiM. hamAre vicAroM aura bhAvoM kA prabhAva ina para par3atA hai tathA inakA prabhAva jIva-dravya evaM anya pudgaloM para par3atA hai. sUkSma-sUcama- isa varga meM sUkSmatama skandha Ate haiM. ye nagna netra [Naked cyc] se nahIM hI dekhe jA sakate. isake udAharaNoM meM vidyudaNu [Electrons] udyadaNu [positrons], udyutkaNa [protons] aura vidyutkaNa [Neutrons] Adi Ate haiM. teIsa bheda eka anya dRSTi se pudgala ke 23 bheda bhI kiye jAte haiM.' ina bhedoM ko zAstrIya zabdoM meM vargaNAe~ kahate haiM. unameM se kucha vargaNAe~ haiM--pAhAra vargaNA, bhASA vargaNA, manovargaNA kArmANa vargaNA aura tejas vargaNA Adi. ina vargaNAoM ke aneka upabheda bhI hote haiM.2 chAyAtavamAdIyA thUledarakhaMdhamidi viyANAhi / suhumathUle di bhaNiyA khandhA caurakkhavisyA ya / suhamA havanti khaMdhA pAoggA kammavaggaNassa puNo / tannivarIyA khaMdhA aisahumA idi pruuveNdi| -AcArya kundakunda : niyamasAra, gA0 21-24. 1. aNusaMkhAsaMkhejjAtA ya agejanagehi aMtariyA / AhAratejabhAsAyaNakammazyA dhuvkkhny| sAMtara nirantareNa ya surANA ptteydevdhuvsuraannaa| baadrnnigodsugrnn| suhuma gigodA ebho mhkkhndhaa| -AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI : go0 jI0, gA0563-64. 2. paramANubaggaNa mmi ya, avarukkararAM ca sesage asthi / gejhamahakkhandhANaM varamahiya sesagaM guNiyaM / ---vahI; gA0565. Jain Education Interational
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________________ 380 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya ananta bheda-pudgala dravya kI saMkhyA, kyA paramANu aura kyA skandha, sabhI ke rUpa meM ananta hai. eka pudgala dUsare pudgala se, sparza, rasa Adi kisI-na-kisI kAraNa se bhinna yA asamAna bhI ho sakatA hai ataH hama kaha sakate haiM ki pudgala bhI ananta haiM.' vaijJAnika vargIkaraNa-vijJAna ne sampUrNa pudgala dravya [Matters of Energies] ko tIna vargoM meM rakhA hai. Thosa [Solids], drava [Liquids] aura gaisa [Gases]. vijJAna kI yaha bhI mAnyatA hai ki ye tInoM vargoM ke pudgala sadA apane-apane varga meM hI nahIM rahe Ate, ve apanA varga chor3akara, rUpa badalakara dUsare vargoM meM bhI jA milate haiM. vijJAna ke isa siddhAnta se jaina darzana ko koI bAdhA to nahIM hI pahu~catI, balki usakI puSTi hI hotI hai. jaina darzana bhI yaha svIkAra karatA hai ki jala jo drava [Liquid] pudgala hai, paudhe Adi ke rUpa meM Thosa pudgala bana jAtA hai, udjana [Hydrogen] Adi do gaiseM [Gases] jala ke rUpa meM tarala [Liquid] bana jAtI haiM. pudgala kA kArya-pratyeka dravya kA apanA kArya hotA hai. zAstrIya bhASA meM isa kArya ko upagraha yA upakAra karate haiM. yaha upagraha, pudgala dravya apane svayaM yA anya pudgala dravyoM ke prati to karatA hI hai, jIva dravya ke prati bhI karatA hai. pudgala dravya dvArA kisI anya pudgala dravya kA upagraha hotA hai, isakA udAharaNa sAbuna aura kapar3A hai. sAbuna kapar3e ko sApha kara detA hai, donoM pudgala haiM. eka pudgala ne dUsare pudgala kA upagraha kiyA, yaha spaSTa hI hai. pudgala-jIva dravya kA upagraha bhI aneka rUpoM meM karatA hai. vaha jIva ke pariNamana ke anusAra kabhI zarIra to kabhI mana aura kabhI vacana to kabhI zvAsocchvAsa ke rUpa meM apanA svayaM kA pariNamana karatA huA, usa pariNamana ke mAdhyama se jIva dravya kA upagraha karatA rahatA hai. sukha, duHkha, jIvana aura maraNa ke rUpa meM bhI pudgala dravya, jIvadravya kA upagraha karatA hai. pudgala dravya ke dvArA jIva dravya ke upagraha kA yaha artha kadApi nahIM ki pudgala-dravya dvArA jIva-dravya meM koI prakriyA yA pariNamana kiyA-karAyA jAtA hai. isakA artha, jaisA ki pahale kahA jA cukA hai, kevala yahI hai ki jIvadravya kA pariNamana jIvadravya meM aura pudgala-dravya kA pariNamana pudgala-dravya meM hotA hai lekina saMyogavaza donoM ke pariNamanoM meM svabhAvataH, aisI kucha samAnatA yA ekarUpatA bana par3atI hai ki hameM--jIvadravyako lagatA hai ki yaha pariNamana hamameMjIva dravya meM-ho rahA hai. donoM dravyoM ke svatantra pariNamana ke siddhAnta kA hI phala hai ki eka hI vastu ke upabhoga se aneka logoM-jIvoM--meM aneka prakAra kI pratikriyAe~ hotI haiM. eka udAharaNa lIjie. kisI atyanta rUpavatI vezyA kA mRta zarIra par3A hai. eka sAdhu use dekhakara socatA hai ki yadi isa vezyA ne apane zarIra ke anurUpa sundara kArya bhI kiye hote to kitanA kalyANa hotA? isakA eka vyabhicArI use dekhakara socatA hai--yadi jIvita hotI to ise jIvana bhara na chor3atA ! koI vyakti use dekhakara socatA hai ki acchI marI pApina, apanA zIla becA hai isane ! eka usa vezyA kA riztedAra hai jo snehavaza phUTa-phUTakara ro rahA hai. eka ajanavI use dekhakara bhI usakI sthiti para kucha vicAra nahIM karatA. yahAM jo vastuta: jIvadravya ke apane pariNamana kI tArIpha hai ki vaha hotA to apane Apa hai aura lagatA hai ki para-pudgala dravya athavA kisI anya jIva-dravya ke dvArA karAyA jA rahA hai. vezyA ke mRta zarIra ko dekhakara hone vAlA sAdhu kA vairAgya, vyabhicArI kI lampaTatA, asahiSNu kI ghRNA, ristedAra kA vilApa aura ajanavI kI madhyasthatA, yahI siddha karate haiM ki jIvadravya kA pariNamana usake apane upAdAna yA antaraMga kAraNa [material cause] para hI nirbhara hai, pudgala dravya to kevala nimitta yA bAhya kAraNa [outer cause] hai. 1. AcArya akalaMka deva : tattvArtharAjavArtika, 10 5, sU0 25, vA0 3. 2. zarIrabADa-manaH-prANApAnAH pudgalAnAm / --AcArya umAsvAmI : tattvArthasUtra, a05, mU016. 3. sukha-duHkha jIvita-maraNopagrahAzca | -vahI, a05, sU0 20 / _JainEducalyan.blemstion P hase On wwersielibrary.org
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________________ gopIlAla amara : darzana aura vijJAna ke Aloka meM pudgala dravya : 381 pudgala ke paryAya--kisI bhI dravya kA svarUpa hI yaha hai ki usameM guNa aura paryAya hoM. pudgaloM ke guNoM kA vizleSaNa ho cukA hai. paryAyoM kI carcA yahA~ kI jA rahI hai. yoM to pudgala dravya ke anya dravyoM kI bhAMti, ananta paryAya haiM tathApi kucha pramukha evaM hamAre dainika vyavahAra meM Ane vAle paryAyoM kI carcA yahAM kI jAtI hai. zabda, bandhana, sUkSmatA, sthUlatA, saMsthAna [AkAra], bheda [khaNDa], aMdhakAra, chAyA, Atapa [dhUpa aura udyota [cAMdanI pudgala ke paryAya haiM.' saMgIta, pradarzana, AvAgamana Adi bhI isI koTi meM rakhe jA sakate haiM. ina sabake atirikta, pudgala ke kucha paryAya aise bhI haiM jo mAnava-zarIra aura vijJAna se sambandha rakhate haiM. inakA vizleSaNa yahA~ hama vizeSa rUpa se kareMge. -------0---0----0-0-0-0 zabda zabda kA svarUpa--eka skandha ke sAtha dUsare skandha ke TakarAne se jo dhvani utpanna hotI hai vaha zabda hai.2 zabda karNa yA zrotra indriya kA viSaya hai. zabda aura vaizeSika darzana--vaizeSika darzana meM zabda ko pudgala kA paryAya na mAnakara AkAza dravya kA guNa mAnA hai. isa mAnyatA ke khaNDana meM aneka tarka diye jA sakate haiM. prathama aura spaSTa tarka to yahI hai ki AkAza dravya amUrtika hai, usameM sparza Adi kucha bhI nahIM hote, jabaki zabda mUrtika hai, usameM sparza Adi haiM, use chuA-pakar3A bhI jAtA hai. amUrtika dravya kA guNa bhI amUrtika hI honA cAhie, mUrtika nahIM. dvitIya, AkAza kA guNa mAnane ke moha meM yadi zabda ko amUrtika hI mAnA jAya to mUrtika indriya use grahaNa nahIM kara sakegI. amUrtika viSaya ko mUrtika indriya bhalA kaise jAnegI? tRtIya tarka yaha hai ki zabda TakarAtA hai, usakI pratidhvani hotI hai yadi vaha amUrtika AkAza kA guNa hotA to jaise AkAza nahIM TakarAtA vaise hI zabda bhI na TakarAtA. cauthe-zabda ko rokA-bAMdhA bhI jA sakatA hai, jabaki AkAza ko, jisakA vaha guNa kahA jAtA hai, rokane-bAMdhane kI carcA hI hAsyAspada hai. pAMcavAM tarka hai zabda gatimAna hai jabaki AkAza gati-hIna hai, niSkriya hai. aura antima tarka hai vijJAna kI ora se, zabda aise AkAza meM gamana nahIM kara sakatA jahAM kisI bhI prakAra kA pudgala [matter] na ho. yadi zabda AkAza kA guNa hotA to use AkAza ke pratyeka kone meM jA sakanA cAhie thA. kyoMki guNa apane guNI ke pratyeka aMza meM rahatA hai. vahAM pudgala ke hone aura na hone kA prazna hI na uThanA cAhie thA. zabda aura vijJAna-zabda-sambandhI jina siddhAntoM kI sthApanA jainAcAryoM ne sadiyoM pahale kI thI unhIM kA punaH sthApana aura vistAra Aja ke vaijJAnikoM ne kiyA hai. udAharaNArtha-zabda kA vargIkaraNa hI le leM. jainAcAryoM ne zabda ko bhASAtmaka aura abhASAtmaka, do vargoM meM rakhA. Aja ke vaijJAnikoM ne unhIM ko kramaza: saMgIta dhvani [Musical sounds] aura kolAhala [Noises] nAma de diye. isI taraha jainAcAryoM ke bhASAtmaka zabdoM ke prabhedoM ko bhI vaijJAnikoM ne jyoM-kA-tyoM vargIkRta kara diyA hai. zabda kI prakRti aura gati ke viSaya meM bhI jaina darzana aura Adhunika vijJAna meM adbhuta samAnatA hai. zabdoM kA vargIkaraNa-saMkSepa meM zabdoM ko tIna vargoM meM rakhA jA sakatA hai, bhASAtmaka, abhASAtmaka aura mizra ! pA. 1. (1) zabdabandha-saukSmya-sthaulya saMsthAna-bheda-tamazchAyAtapodyotavantazca / -AcArya umAsvAmI : tatvArthasUtra, a05, sU0 24. (2) sado baMdho suhumo thUlo sNtthaann-med-tm-chaayaa| ujjodAdavasahiyA puggaladabbassa pajjAyA |-aacaary nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI : dravyasaMgraha, gA0 16. 2. saddo khaMdhappabhAvo khaMdho paramANusaMgasaMghAdo / puDhesu tesu jAyadi saddo utpAdago Niyado-paJcAstikAya, gA0 71. Jain Education Internal
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________________ 382 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya vistAra se, zabda ke mUlataH do bheda hote haiM aura donoM ke do-do prabheda tathA dvitIya bheda ke prathama prabheda ke bhI cAra prabheda hote haiM. hama yahAM pratyeka kA paricaya deMge. bhASAtmaka - isa varga meM mAnava aura pazu-pakSiyoM Adi kI dhvaniyA~ AtI haiM, isake do bheda haiM. akSarAtmaka - aisI dhvaniyA~ isa varga meM AtI haiM jo akSarabaddha kI jA sakeM likhI jA sakeM. anakSArAtmaka -- isa varga meM rone-cillAne, khAMsane - phusaphusAne Adi kI tathA pazu-pakSiyoM Adi kI dhvaniyA~ AtI haiM, inheM akSarabaddha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA. bhASAtmaka zabda ke isa varga meM prakRtijanya aura vAdyayaMtroM se utpanna hone vAlI dhvaniyA~ sammilita haiM. isake bhI do varga haiM-- prAyogika aura vastrasika. vAdyayaMtroM se utpanna hone vAlI dhvaniyA~ prAyogika zabda haiM aura inheM cAra vargoM meM rakhA jAtA hai. tata varga meM ve dhvaniyA~ AtI haiM jo carma-tanana Adi jhilliyoM ke kampana se utpanna hotI hoM. tabalA, Dholaka, bherI Adi se aise hI zabda utpanna hote haiM. vitata zabda vINA Adi taMtra yatroM meM, taMtrI ke kampana se utpanna hote haiM. ghana zabda ve haiM jo tAla, ghaNTA Adi ghana vastuoM ke abhighAta se utpanna hoM. isI varga meM hAramoniyama Adi jihvAlayaMtroM se utpanna dhvaniyA~ bhI AtI haiM / sauSira varga meM ve zabda Ate haiM jo bAMsa, zaMkha Adi meM vAyu pratara ke kampana se utpanna hoM. vaisrasika - meghagarjana Adi prAkRtika kAraNoM se utpanna honevAle zabda vaisasika kahalAte haiM. bandha bandha kI paribhASA --bandha zabda kA artha hai baMdhanA, jur3anA, milanA, saMyukta honA. do yA do se adhika paramANuoM kA bhI bandha ho sakatA hai. aura do yA do se adhika skandhoM kA bhI isI taraha eka yA eka se adhika paramANuoM kA eka yA eka se adhika skandhoM ke sAtha bhI bandha hotA hai. mudgala paramANuoM (kArmaNa vargagAoM) kA jIvadravya ke sAtha bhI bandha hotA hai. bandha kI vizeSatAH -- bandha kI eka vizeSatA yaha hai ki usakA vighaTana yA khaNDana yA anta avazyambhAvI hai, kyoMki jisakA prArambha hotA hai usakA aMta bhI avazyameva hotA hai. 3 eka niyama yaha bhI hai ki jina paramANuoM yA skandhoM yA skandha paramANuoM yA dravyoM kA paraspara bandha hotA hai ve paraspara sambaddha rahakara bhI apanA-apanA svataMtra astitva kAyama rakhate haiM. eka dravya dUsare dravya ke sAtha dUdha aura pAnI kI bhAMti athavA rAsAyanika pratikriyA se sambaddha hokara bhI apanI pRthak sattA nahIM kho sakatA, usake paramANu kitane hI rUpAntarika ho jAveM, phira bhI unakA apanA svataMtra astitva kAyama rahatA hai. 1. zabdo devA, bhASAlakSaNa- viparItatvAt / bhASAtmaka ubhayathA, akSarAdikRtetara vikalpatvAt / abhASAtmako dveSA, prayogavistrasAnimittatvAt, tatra vaitrasiko balAhakAdiprabhavaH, prayogajazcaturdhA, tata vitata ghana saupirabhedAt / - AcArya akalaMkadevaH tattvArtharAjavArttika, a0 5, sU0 24. - 2. carmatanananimittaH puSkara merI dudu rAdibhavastataH / taMtrIkRtavaNA sughoSa disamudabhavo vitataH / tAlaghaeTAlAla nAdyabhighAtajI ghanaH / vaMzazaMkhAdinimittaH sauSira: - AcArya pUjyapAdaH sarvArthasiddhi, a05, sU0 24. 3. saMyuktAnAM viyogazca bhavitA hi niyogataH / - zrAcAryavAdIbhasiMha sUri, kSatracUr3AmaNi. Jain Education international hillar.... .......
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________________ bandha kA kAraNaH--pudgala kA bandha jIva ke sAtha bhI hotA hai aura isake kaI kAraNa haiM. yaha to spaSTa hai ki pudgala dravya sakriya hai aura jo sakriya hotA hai usakA TUTate-phuTate rahanA, jur3ate-milate rahanAsvabhAvika hI hai. hA~, usameM koI na koI kAraNa nimitta ke rUpa meM avazya hotA hai. udAharaNArtha miTTI ke aneka kaNoM kA bandha hone para ghar3A banatA hai, isameM kumhAra nimitta kAraNa hai. dravya kI apanI rAsAyanika prakriyA bhI bandha kA kAraNa bana jAtI hai, kapUra Adi ke sammilita se banI amRtadhArA aura udjana ( Hydrogen) Adi vAtiyoM (Gases) ke milane se banA huA jala aisI hI prakriyAoM ke pratiphala haiM. gopIlAla amara : darzana aura vijJAna ke Aloka meM pudgala dravya : 383 jIva dravya aura pudgala dravya ke bandha meM mukhya kAraNa hai jIva kA apanA bhAvanAtmaka pariNamana aura dUsarA kAraNa hai pudgala kI prakriyA. bandha kI prakriyA:- jainAcAryoM ne bandha kI prakriyA kA atyanta sUkSma vizleSaNa kiyA hai. yadyapi vijJAna isa vizleSaNa ko apane prayogoM dvArA pUrNataH siddha nahIM kara sakA hai tathApi vizvAsa ke sAtha kahA jA sakatA hai ki isakI vaijJAnikatA meM saMdeha nahIM . paramANu se skandha, skandha se paramANu aura skandha se skandha kisa prakAra banate haiM, isa viSaya meM hama mukhyataH sAta tathya pAte haiM. ( 1 ) skandhoM kI utpatti kabhI bheda se, kabhI saMghAta se aura kabhI bheda-saMghAta se hotI hai. skandhoM kA vighaTana arthAt kucha paramANuoM kA eka skandha se vicchinna hokara dUsare skandha meM mila jAnA bheda kahalAtA hai. do skandhoM kA saMghaTana yA saMyoga ho jAnA saMghAta hai aura ina donoM prakriyAoM kA eka sAtha ho jAnA bheda-saMghAta hai. ' (2) aNu kI utpatti kevala bhedaprakriyA se hI sambhava hai. 2 (3) pudgala meM pAye jAne vAle snigdha aura rUkSa nAmaka do guNoM ke kAraNa hI yaha prakriyA sambhava hai. 3 ( 4 ) jina pramANuoM kA snigdha athavA rUkSa guNa jaghanya arthAt nyUnatama zaktistara para ho unakA paraspara bandha nahIM hotA. 4 (5) jina pamANuoM yA skandhoM meM snigdha yA rUkSa guNa samAna mAtrA meM arthAt sama zaktistara para ho unakA bhI paraspara bandha nahIM hotA hai (6) lekina una paramANuoM kA bandha avazya hotA hai jinase snigdha aura rUkSa guNoM kI saMkhyA meM do ekAMkoM kA antara hotA hai. jaise cAra snigdha guNayukta skandha kA chaha snigdha guNa yukta skandha ke sAtha bandha sambhava hai athavA chaha rUkSa guNayukta skandha se bandha sambhava hai. 6 7 (7) bandha kI prakriyA meM saMghAta se utpanna snigdhatA athavA rUkSatA meM se jo bhI guNa adhika parimANa meM hotA hai, navIna skandha usI guNa rUpa meM pariNata hotA hai. udAharaNa ke lie eka skandha, pandraha snigdhaguNayukta skandha aura teraha rUkSa guNa skandha se bane to vaha navIna skandha snigdhaguNarUpa hogA. Adhunika vijJAna ke kSetra meM bhI hama dekhate haiM ki yadi kisI aNu (Atom) meM se vidyudaNu (Electron RNAgu) nikAla liyA jAya to vaha vidyutyabhUta (Positively charged ) aura yadi eka vida jor3a liyA jAya to vaha nityabhUta (Negatively charged ) ho jAtA hai. 1. bhedasaMghAtebhya utpadyante 2. medAdaNu / vahI zra0 3. snigdharUkSatatvAd bandhaH 4. na jaghanyaguNAnAm / 5. guNasAmye sahazyAnAm / 6. dvayadhikAdiguNAnAM tu / 7. bandhA'dhiko pAriNAmikau ca Jainduntemations umAsvAmI tattvArtha sUtra. a05, sU0 26. 5, sU027. vahIM, a0 5, sU033. vahIM a05, sU0 34. vahI, zra0 5, sU0 3 cha. vahI, pra0 5, sU0 36. vahI, a0 5, sU0 37. www.esbrary.org
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________________ -0-0--0--0--0--0--0-0--0-0 384 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya jIva aura pudgala kA bandha-jIva aura pudgala ke pAramparika bandha kI eka viziSTa paribhASA hai, jisakA vizleSaNa bahuta kucha pahale kiyA jA cukA hai. kaSAya sahita hone arthAt rAgadveSarUpa bhAvanAtmaka pariNamana karane ke kAraNa jIva kArmaNavargaNA ke pudgala ko grahaNa karatA hai, aura isI grahaNa kA nAma hai vandha.' karmabandha kA siddhAnta--jIva jaisA karma karatA hai use vaisA hI phala bhoganA par3atA hai, yahI tathya karma-siddhAnta kI bhUmikA hai. isa siddhAnta ko jaina, sAMkhya, yoga, naiyAyika, vaizeSika aura mImAMsaka Adi AtmavAdI darzana to mAnate hI haiM, anAtmavAdI bauddha darzana bhI mAnatA hai. isI taraha IzvaravAdI aura anIzvaravAdI bhI isa siddhAnta meM prAyaH ekamata haiM. karmabandha kA svarUpa-jaina darzana meM karma kevala saMskAramAtra hI nahIM haiM kintu eka vastubhuta pudgala padArtha haiM jo rAgIdveSI jIva kI kriyA se AkRSTa hokara jIva ke sAtha A milatA hai. athavA yoM kahie ki rAga-dveSa se yukta jIva kI pratyeka mAnasika, vAcanika aura zArIrika kriyA ke sAtha eka dravya pudgalaparamANu yA kArmaNavargaNA-jIva meM AtI hai jo usake rAga-dveSa rUpa bhAvoM kA nimita pAkara jIva se baMdha jAtA hai aura Age calakara acchA yA burA phala dene lagatA haiM.2 karma ke do bheda haiM-dravyakarma aura bhAvakarma. jIva se saMyukta kArmaNavargaNA dravyakarma aura dravyakarma ke nimitta se hone vAle jIva ke rAga-dveSa rUpabhAva, bhAvakarma kahalAte haiM. karmabandha aura vaidika darzana-Izvara ko jagat kA niyantA mAnane vAle darzana jIva ko kArya karane meM svatantra, kintu usakA phala bhogane meM paratantra mAnate haiM. unake mata se karma kA phala Izvara detA hai kintu jaina-darzana ke anusAra karma apanA phala svayaM dete haiM. unake lie kisI nyAyAdhIza kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI. zarAba pIne se nazA hotA hai aura dUdha pIne se puSTi. zarAba yA dUdha pIne ke bAda usakA phala dene ke lie kisI dUsare zaktizAlI niyAmaka kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI. isI prakAra jIva kI pratyeka kAyika, vAcika aura mAnasika pravRtti ke sAtha jo karmaparamANu jIva dravya kI ora AkRSTa hote haiM aura rAga-dveSa kA nimitta pAkara usa jIva se baMdha jAte haiM, una karmaparamANuoM (kArmaNavargaNAoM) meM bhI zarAba aura dUdha kI taraha acchA aura burA prabhAva DAlane kI zakti rahatI hai. jo caitanya ke sambandha se vyakta hokara jIva para apanA prabhAva DAlatI hai aura usake prabhAva se mugdha huA jIva aise kAma karatA hai jo sukhadAyaka yA duHkhadAyaka hote haiM. karmabandha kA vargIkaraNa--bandha yA saMyoga ko prApta hone vAlI kArmaNa vargaNAoM meM aneka prakAra kA svabhAva par3anA prakRtibandha hai. yaha ATha prakAra kA hotA hai.4 (1) jJAnAvaraNa karma (2) darzanAvaraNa karma (3) vedanIya karma (4) mohanIya karma (5) Ayu karma (6) nAma karma (7) gotra karma (8) antarAya karma. 1. sakaSAyatvAjjIvaH karmaNo yogyAna pudgalAnAdatte sa baMdha: -vahI, a08, sU0 2. 2. pariNamadi jadA appA suhammi asuhammi rAgadosajudo / taM pavisadi kammarayaM NANAvaraNAdibhAvehiM |-aacaary kundakundaH pravacanasAra, gAthA 65. 3. (1) karmaNyevAdhikAraste mA phaleSu kadAcana / -zrImadabhagavadgItA; a04, zlo0 27 / (2) ajJo janturanIzo'yamAtmanaH sukhaduHkhayoH / Izvaraprerito gacchet svarga vA zvabhrameva vA / --maharSi vedavyAsa : mahAbhArata,vanaparva, a0 30, zlo0 28. 4. Adyo jJAnadarzanAvaraNavedanIyamohanI yaayurnaamgotraantraayaaH|--aacaary umAsvAmI : tattvArthasUtra, a08, sU0 4. Jain L atin Hainalibrary.org
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________________ 0-0-0--0-0-0-0-0-0-0 gopIlAla amara : darzana aura vijJAna ke Aloka meM pudgala dravya : 385 sthitibandha-kArmaNa vargaNAoM meM AtmA ke sAtha baddha rahane kI kAla-maryAdA par3anA, sthiti bandha hai. anubhAgabandha-kArmaNavargaNAoM meM phala dene kI nyUnAdhika zakti utpanna honA, anubhAga bandha hai. pradezabandha-kArmaNavargaNA ke dalikoM kI saMkhyA kA niyata honA, pradezabandha hai. sUkSmatA--sUkSmatA kA artha hai choTApana, yaha do prakAra kA hai---antya sUkSmatA aura ApekSika sUkSmatA. antyasUkSmatA paramANuoM meM hI pAI jAtI hai aura ApekSika sUkSmatA do choTI-bar3I vastuoM meM tulanAtmaka dRSTi se pAI jAtI hai. sthUlatA- sthUlatA kA artha bar3Apana hai. vaha bhI do prakAra kA hai-antya sthUlatA jo mahAskandha meM pAI jAtI hai aura ApekSika sthUlatA jo choTI-bar3I vastuoM meM tulanAtmaka dRSTi se pAI jAtI hai. saMsthAna (AkAra)-saMsthAna kA artha hai-AkAra, racanAvizeSa. saMsthAna kA vargIkaraNa do prakAra se dekhane meM AtA hai. prathama prakAra se usake do bheda haiM--itthaM saMsthAna, jise hama trikoNa, catuSkoNa, gola Adi nAma dete haiM aura anitthaMsaMsthAna, jise hama anagar3ha bhI kaha sakate haiM, usako koI khAsa nAma nahIM diyA jA sakatA tathApi use chaha khaNDoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai--utkara, cUrNa, khaNDa, cUNikA, pratara aura aNucaTana. saMsthAna kA dvitIya prakAra se vargIkaraNa mAnava-zarIra ko dRSTigata rakhakara kiyA jAtA hai-samacaturasra, nyagrodha, parimaNDala, svAti, kubjaka, vAmana aura huNDaka. bheda (khaNDa)-skandhoM kA vighaTana arthAt kucha paramANuoM kA eka skandha se vicchinna hokara dUsare skandha meM mila jAnA bheda kahalAtA hai. tama (andhakAra)-jo dekhane meM bAdhaka ho aura prakAza kA virodhI ho vaha andhakAra hai: kucha ajaina dArzanikoM ne aMdhakAra ko koI vastu na mAnakara kevala prakAza kA abhAva mAnA hai para yaha ucita nahIM. yadi aisA mAna liyA jAya to yaha bhI kahA jA sakegA ki prakAza bhI koI vastu nahIM hai, vaha to kevala tama kA abhAva hai. vijJAna bhI aMdhakAra ko prakAza kA abhAvarUpa na mAnakara pRthak vastu mAnatA hai. vijJAna ke anusAra aMdhakAra meM bhI upastu kiraNoM (Infre-red heat rays) kA sadbhAva hai jinase ullU aura billI kI A~kheM tathA kucha viziSTa AcitrIya paTa (Photographic plates) prabhAvita hote haiM. isase siddha hotA hai ki aMdhakAra kA astitva dRzya prakAza (visible light) se pRthak hai. chAyA-prakAza para AvaraNa par3ane para chAyA utpanna hotI hai:2 prakAza-patha meM apAradarzaka kAyoM (opequc bodies) kA A jAnA AvaraNa kahalAtA hai. chAyA ko aMdhakAra ke aMtargata rakhA jA sakatA hai aura isa prakAra vaha bhI prakAza kA abhAvarUpa nahIM apitu pudgala kI paryAya siddha hotI hai. vijJAna kI dRSTi meM aNuvIkSoM (Lenses) aura darpaNoM ke dvArA nirmita pratibimba do prakAra ke hote haiM, vAstavika aura avAstavika. inake nirmANa kI prakriyA se spaSTa hai ki ye UrjA prakAza ke hI rUpAntara haiM. UrjA hI chAyA (shadows) aura vAstavika (Real) evaM avAstavika (virtual ) pratibimboM (images) ke rUpa meM lakSita hotI hai. vyatikaraNa paTTiyoM (interference bands) para yadi eka gaNanAyaMtra (Counting machine) calAyA jAya to kAlI paTTI (Dark Band) meM se bhI prakAza vaidyuta rIti se (photo electrically) vidyu daNuoM [Electrons] kA niHsarita honA siddha hotA hai. tAtparya yaha ki kAlI paTTI kevala prakAza ke abhAvarUpa nahIM, usameM bhI UrjA hotI hai aura isI kAraNa usase vidyudaNu nikalate haiM. kAlI paTTiyoM ke rUpa meM jo chAyA [shadows] hotI hai vaha bhI UrjA kA hI rUpAntara hai. 1. tamo dRSTipratibandhakAraNaM prakAzavirodhi-prAcArya pUjyapAdaH sarvArthasiddhi, a05, sU0 24. 2. chAyA prkaashaavrnnnimittaa|--vhii, a05, sU0 24. MAM Va CRICA Jain Education Temational PHA 2% NO COM For Private & Personal use only 66 www.jammelibrary.org
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________________ 386 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya vargIkaraNa-prakAza-patha meM darpaNoM [Mirrors] aura aNuvIkSoM [Lenses] kA A jAnA bhI eka prakAra kA AvaraNa hI hai. isa prakAra ke AvaraNa se vAstavika aura avAstavika prativimba banate haiM. aise pratibimba do prakAra ke hote haiM, varNAdivikArapariNata aura pratibimbamAtrAtmaka.' varNAdivikArapariNata chAyA meM vijJAna ke vAstavika pratibimba liye jA sakate haiM jo viparyasta [inverted] ho jAte haiM aura jinakA pramANa [size] badala jAtA hai. ye pratibimba prakAza-razmiyoM ke vastutaH [Actually] milana se banate haiM aura prakAza kI hI paryAya hone se spaSTata: paudgalika haiM. prativimbamAtrAtmikA chAyA ke aMtargata vijJAne ke avAstavika pratibimba [virtual images] rakhe jA sakate haiM jinameM kevala pratibimba hI rahatA hai, prakAza-razmiyoM ke milane se ye pratibimba nahIM banate. prakAza-jaina sUtrakAroM ne prakAza ke Atapa aura udyota ke rUpa meM do vibhAga kie haiM aura unhIM ke rUpa meM usakA vivecana kiyA hai. unakA yaha vibhAjana bar3A hI vaijJAnika bana par3A hai. jaina sUtrakAroM kI yaha sukSmadRSTi aura bhedazakti [Discriminative Power] nissaMdeha Azcaryajanaka hai. prakAza kA vaijJAnika vivecana bhI sambhava hai. vaha cAhe sUrya kA ho, cAhe dIpaka kA, nirantara gatizIla hai. vaijJAnikoM ne loka [brahmANDa] meM ghUmane vAle AkAzIya piNDoM kI gati, dUrI Adi ko mApane ke liye prakAza-kiraNa ko hI apanA mApa-daNDa mAna rakhA hai kyoMki usakI gati sadA samAna hai. prakAza meM pahale bhAra nahIM mAnA gayA thA lekina aba yaha siddha ho cukA hai ki vaha eka zakti kA bheda hote hue bhI bhAravAn hai. vaijJAnikoM ne yaha bhI patA lagAyA ki prakAza vidyuta-cumbakIya tattva hai. vaha eka vargamIla kSetra para pratiminiTa AdhI chaTAMka mAtrA meM sUrya se giratA hai. Atapa (dhUpa)-sUrya Adi ke nimitta se hone vAle uSNa prakAza ko Atapa kahate haiM.2 isameM UrjA kA adhikAMza tApakiraNoM [Heat Rays] ke rUpa meM prakaTa hotA hai. udyota (cAMdanI)-candramA, juganU Adi ke zIta prakAza ko udyota kahate haiM. udyota meM adhikAMza UrjA prakAza-kiraNoM [Light-energy] ke rUpa meM prakaTa hotI hai. tApa-tApa ko hama uSNatA kaha kara samajha sakate haiM. ise pudgala ke uSNa sparza guNa kI paryAya kahA jAnA cAhie. tabhI tApa kA vivecana pUrNataH vaijJAnika dRSTi se hogA. paramANu meM ghanANu aura RNAragu nirantara gatizIla rahate haiM aura isI taraha aNu meM svayaM paramANu aura aNu-gucchakoM meM aNU nirantara gatizIla rahate haiM. yahI Antarika gati jaba bahuta bar3ha jAtI hai aura sUkSmakaNa paraspara TakarAte hue idhara-udhara daur3ane lagate haiM to ve tApa ke rUpa meM dikhane lagate haiM. vidya ta (bijalI)--vidyut ko hama sAdhAraNataH ghana-vidyut aura jala-vidyut ke do rUpoM meM dekhate haiM. ye donoM hI pudgala-paryAya haiM aura donoM kA vaijJAnika mUlAdhAra eka hI hai. vaijJAnika dRSTi se vidyut ke do rUpa haiM, ghana aura RNa. ghana kA AdhAra udyatkaNa [Proton] aura RNa kA AdhAra vidyutkaNa [Electron] hai. siddhAnta ke anusAra vizva kA pratyeka padArtha vidyunmaya hai. reDiyo--kriyAtarakha [Radio-activity]-jaba kisI paramANu [Atom] se kisI kAraNavaza usake mUlabhUta kaNa, vidyutkaNa [Electron] aura udyutkaNa [proton] pRthak hote haiM to bama phaTane kI taraha dhar3Ake kI AvAja hotI hai, sAtha hI usase eka prakAra kI lau nikalatI hai jo prakAza kI taraha Age-Age bar3hatI calI jAtI hai. isI lau ke prasaraNa ko reDiyo-kriyAtattva [Radio activity] yA kiraNa-prasaraNa [Radiation] kahate haiM. Adhunika vijJAna ke 103 tarava-vaijJAnikoM ne pudgala ke kucha aise paryAyoM kA patA lagAyA hai jo apanI eka svatantra 1. sA dedhA varNAdivikArapariNatA pratibimbamAtrAtmikA ceti |-vhii, a0 5, sU0 24. 2. Atapa AdityAdinimitta uSNaprakAzalakSaNaH / vahI, a05, sU0 24. ALA wwwww W 01010101oloto /otdtoloroton ololololololol Jain Educator memorary.org
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________________ gopIlAla amara : darzana aura vijJAna ke Aloka meM pudgala dravya : 387 jAti ke hote haiM aura jinameM kisI anya jAti kA mizraNa svabhAvata: nahIM hotA. aisI amizrita jAti ke pudgala-paryAyoM ko hI vijJAna meM tattva kahA jAtA hai. maulika dRSTi se vicAra karane para jJAta hotA hai ki ina tattvoM ke anveSaNa kI preraNA vaidika darzana ke paJca mahAbhUtoM vAle siddhAnta se milI hai. tattvoM kA anveSaNa dinoMdina hotA hI calA gayA aura unakI saMkhyA 62 taka pahu~ca gaI. aba to, sunate haiM ki yaha saMkhyA 103 taka pahu~ca gaI hai. bhaviSya meM aura bhI aneka tattvoM ke anveSaNa kI sambhAvanA hai. jaina darzanakAroM ne 7 tattva aura 6 dravya hI mAne haiM lekina unheM isa 103 kI saMkhyA se bhI koI Apatti nahIM. unakA vargIkaraNa svayaM itanA yuktipUrNa aura vaijJAnika hai ki Aye dina hote rahane vAle vaijJAnika anveSaNoM se unakI puSTi hI hotI jAtI hai. ye 103 tattva kevala pudgala dravya ke hI paryAya haiM aura unakA antarbhAva isI dravya ke sthUla-sthUla Adi 6 bhedoM meM yathAsambhava kiyA jA sakatA hai. jainadarzana meM paramANuoM kI jAtiyA~ bhI mAnI gaI haiM aura yaha bhI mAnA gayA hai ki eka jAti dUsarI jAti se amizrita raha sakatI hai. aNu bama-pahale vaijJAnikoM kI mAnyatA thI ki unakA tathAkathita paramANu TUTatA nahIM, vicchinna nahIM hotA lekina dhIre-dhIre unakI yaha mAnyatA khaNDita hotI gaI. dhIre-dhIre yaha bhI anveSaNa huA ki paramANuoM ke bIjANuoM kI ikAI meM apAra zakti bharI par3I hai. unhoMne yaha anveSaNa bhI kiyA ki yUreniyama nAmaka tattva ke paramANuoMkA vikIraNa ho sakatA hai, inhIM saba anveSaNoM ke AdhAra para araNa bama ko janma milA. kahanA na hogA ki yUreniyama tattva, jisake paramANuoM ke vikIraNa se aNuvisphoTa hotA hai. pudgala dravya kI paryAya hai, ata: yaha saba pudgala dravya kA hI camatkAra hai. udjana bama-udjana bama kA siddhAnta aNu bama ke siddhAnta se ThIka viparIta hai. aNu bama aNuoM ke vibhAjana kA pariNAma hai jabaki udjana bama unake saMyoga kA. yaha bhI spaSTataH pudgala kA hI paryAya hai. reDiyo aura TelIgrAma Adi-reDiyo, TrAMjisTara, TelIgrAma, TelIphona, TelIpriMTara, betAra-kA-tAra, grAmophona aura TeparikArDara Adi aneka yantra Aja vijJAna ke camatkAra mAne jAte haiM. para ina sabake mUlabhUta siddhAnta para dRhipAta karane se hama isI niSkarSa para Ate haiM yaha saba zabda kI adbhuta zakti aura tIvra gati kA hI pariNAma hai. aura zabda pudgala kA hI paryAya hai. sacamuca, pudgala ke khela adbhUta aura ananta haiM. TelIvijana-jaise reDiyo yantra-gRhIta zabdoM ko vidyutpravAha se Age bar3hAkara sahastroM mIla dUra jyoM-kA-tyoM prakaTa karatA hai vaise hI TelIvijana bhI prasaraNazIla praticchAyA ko sahastroM mIla dUra jyoM-kA-tyoM vyakta karatA hai. jaina zAstroM meM batAyA gayA hai ki vizva ke pratyeka mUrta padArtha se pratikSaNa tadAkAra praticchAyA nikalatI rahatI hai aura padArtha ke cAroM ora Age bar3hakara vizvabhara meM phaila jAtI hai. jahA~ use prabhAvita karane vAle padArthoM-darpaNa, jala Adi kA yoga hotA hai vahA~ vaha prabhAvita bhI hotI hai. TelIvijana kA AviSkAra isI siddhAnta kA udAharaNa hai. ataH TelIvijana kA antarbhAva pudgala kI chAyA nAmaka paryAya meM kiyA jAnA cAhie. eksa-rez2a-eksa-rez2a bhI vijJAna-jagat kA eka mahattvapUrNa evaM camatkAramaya AviSkAra hai. prakAza-kiraNoM kI abAdha gati evaM atyanta sUkSmatA hI isa AviSkAra kA mUla hai. ataH eksa-rez2a ko pudgala kI prakAza nAmaka paryAya ke antargata rakhanA hI ucita hai. anya-vizva meM jo kucha bhI chUne, cakhane, sUdhane, dekhane aura sunane meM AtA hai vaha saba pudgala kI paryAya hai. prANimAtra ke zarIra, indriya aura mana Adi pudgala se hI nirmita haiM. vizva kA aisA koI bhI pradeza-konA nahIM hai jahA~ pudgala dravya kisI-na-kisI paryAya meM vidyamAna na ho. NI TON Jain Education Interional
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________________ 388 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya -0-0--0--0--0-0-0-0-0-0 upasaMhAra yaha vijJAna kA yuga hai. pratyeka vyakti kI jijJAsA Aja tIvra ho uThI hai. use kore zAstrIya tarkoM se hI santoSa nahIM. vijJAna kI tulA para tole binA vaha kisI bhI siddhAnta se sahamata nahIM hotA. phalataH sarvopari siddhAnta-darzana Aja vahI mAnA jAne lagA hai jo zAstra-sammata to ho hI, vijJAna-sammata bhI ho. Aja kI isI pravRtti ko lakSya meM rakhakara maiMne pudgala dravya kA yaha vizleSaNa prastuta kiyA hai. vizleSaNa darzana aura vijJAna, donoM dRhiyoM se kiyA gayA hai. pudgala dravya ke viSaya meM sthAna-sthAna para darzana aura vijJAna kI samatA to dikhAI hI gaI hai, viSamatA bhI dikhAI gaI hai. isa nibandha meM pudgala dravya ke lagabhaga sabhI pahaluoM kA vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai-tulanAtmaka dRSTi se bhI aura vivecanAtmaka dRSTi se bhI. vizleSaNa meM zAstrIya bhASA kA prayoga prAyaH nahIM kiyA hai tAki jana-sAdhAraNa use sahaja hI samajha sake. isI dRSTi se yathAsthAna aMgrejI paryAya bhI detA gayA hU~. kathita viSaya kI puSTi ke liye sandarbha-granthoM kA havAlA bhI diyA gayA hai. aise hI vizleSaNa jIva dravya, dharma dravya, adharma dravya, AkAza dravya aura kAla dravya ke viSaya meM Aja anivAryarUpa se apekSita haiM. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ paM0 milApacandra kaTAriyA jIvatattva vivecana saMsAra anAdikAla se chaha dravyoM se paripUrNa hai. usameM eka jIvadravya bhI hai. jIvoM kI saMkhyA sadA se hI anaMtAnaMta hai. ye jitane haiM utane hI rahate haiM, na ghaTate, na bar3hate haiM. koI bhI jIva nayA paidA nahIM hotA hai aura na kisI kA vinAza hI hotA hai. amuka prANI paidA huA, amuka mara gayA, aisA jo kahA jAtA hai usakA artha itanA hI hai, ki kisI anya deha se nikalakara jIva isa deha meM AyA hai. basa ise hI usakA janma honA kahate haiM. aura isa deha se nikalakara jIva anya deha meM calA gayA, basa yahI usakA maraNa kahalAtA hai. tattvataH pratyeka jIva ajanmA aura avinAzI hai. una anaMtAnaMta jIvoM meM kaI jIva azuddha rUpa meM aura kaI zuddha rUpa meM pAye jAte haiM. jo azuddha rUpa meM haiM unheM saMsArI jIva aura zuddha rUpa vAloM ko mukta jIva kahate haiM. Jain Edinte saba dravyoM meM eka jIva dravya hI cetanAmaya hai bAkI saba acetana-jar3a haiM. saMsAra meM jo padArtha netra Adi iMdriyoM dvArA grAhya hote haiM ve saba pudgala dravya haiM. pudgaladravya rUpI arthAt mUrtta hone se iMdriyagocara hai. kiMtu jIva dravya rUpI va mUrtika nahIM hai ataH vaha kisI bhI iMdriya ke dvArA grAhya nahIM hai. isakA artha yaha nahIM hai ki vaha zUnya rUpa hai. jIva bhI apanI sattA avazya rakhatA hai. usakA bhI kucha na kucha AkAra rahatA hai. saMsAra-avasthA meM vaha deha ke AkAra meM rahatA hai aura mukta avasthA meM usake deha nahIM rahatI, tathApi jisa deha ko chor3akara vaha mukta hotA hai usa deha ke AkAra meM ( kiMcit nyUna) rahatA hai. jIva meM phailane aura sikur3ane kI zakti vidyamAna hai. vaha agara adhika se adhika phaile to akelA hI sArI sRSTi ko vyApta kara sakatA hai kiMtu use vibhinna bhavoM meM jitane pramANa kA deha milatA hai utane hI pramANa kA hokara rahanA par3atA hai. bhavAMtara meM hI nahIM, kisI eka bhava meM bhI bAlyAvasthA ke choTe zarIra meM choTA banakara rahatA hai, yuvAvasthA ke bar3e zarIra meM bar3A banakara rahatA hai phira vahI zarIra vRddhAvasthA meM kRza ho jAtA hai to usameM kRza hokara rahane lagatA hai. jaise dIpaka kA prakAza choTe bar3e kamare meM sikur3atA phailatA hai, vaise hI jIva bhI bar3I-choTI deha meM phailatA sikur3atA hai. pratyakSa meM yaha bhI dekhA jAtA hai ki jaba manuSya ke dila meM kAmavAsanA paidA hotI hai to usakI kAmendriya kA pramANa bar3ha jAtA hai. usI ke sAtha usake Atmapradeza bhI bar3ha jAte haiM aura kAmendriya kA saMkoca hone para usake Atmapradeza bhI saMkucita ho jAte haiM. yahA~ zaMkA kI jA sakatI hai ki jaise dIpaka kA Dhakkana haTA dene para usakA prakAza phaila jAtA hai, usI taraha mokSa meM jIva ke sAtha deha ke na hone se vaha loka pramANa kyoM nahIM phailatA hai ? isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki jaise koI AdamI pA~ca hAtha kI laMbI DorI ko sameTa kara apanI muTThI meM baMda kara le. phira kAlAMtara meM muTThI khola dene para bhI vaha DorI binA kisI ke phailAye apane Apa nahIM phailatI hai, usI taraha mokSa meM deha ke na rahane para AtmA ke pradeza bhI apane Apa nahIM phailate haiM. jIva ko dehapramANa kahane kA artha yaha hai ki zarIra ke prAyaH sabhI aMzoM meM AtmA ke aMza mile hue haiM. jaise dUdha meM ghRta ke aMza mile rahate haiM. zarIra aura AtmA ke aMza aise kucha ghulamila jAte haiM ki unakI saMyukta kriyAoM meM kahIM to AtmA kA asara zarIra para hotA dikhAI detA hai aura kahIM zarIra kA asara AtmA para par3A dikhAI detA hai. jaise orary.org
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________________ 360 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya -0--0-0-0--0--0--0-0--0-. AtmA meM krodha bhAva utpanna hone para mukhAkRti kA bhayaMkara bananA, bhRkuTi car3hanA, cakSukA lAla honA Adi. isI taraha harSa hone para mukha kA praphullita honA, bhaya hone para zarIra kA kAMpanA, kAmabhAva hone para kAmendriya meM uttejanA honA yaha saba zarIra para hone bAlA AtmA kA asara hai. tathA bAla zarIra kI apekSA yuvA zarIra meM tAkata kA adhika honA, vRddhAvasthA meM tAkata kA ghaTa jAnA va sthUla zarIra vAle puruSa ko daur3ane-kudane meM kaThinAI kA anubhava honA, hAr3a mAMsamaya ekasamAna deha hote hue bhI strI aura puruSa kI bhinna-bhinna AkAMkSA honA arthAt strI ko puruSa se ramaNa karane kI aura puruSa ko strI se ramaNa karane kI icchA honA ityAdi udAharaNa zarIra kA asara AtmA para par3ane ke haiM. prazna-agara zarIra aura AtmA kA itanA ghaniSTha saMbaMdha hai to donoM ko bhinna na mAnakara zarIra ko hI AtmA kyoM na mAna liyA jAve ? uttara-donoM kA svarUpa bhinna-bhinna hai. eka cetana hai dUsarA acetana hai. ata: donoM eka nahIM mAne jA sakate haiM. agara zarIra hI jIva ho to mUrchAvasthA meM zarIra ke rahate bhI vaha aceta kyoM ho jAtA hai ? aura nidrAvasthA meM karNa, rasanA Adi iMdriyoM ke hote hue bhI vaha viSaya ko grahaNa kyoM nahIM karatA hai. koI manuSya zarIra aura iMdriyA~ jyoM-kItyoM rahane para bhI pAgala kaise ho jAtA hai ? isase prakaTa hotA hai ki zarIra aura AtmA ye do bhinna-bhinna cIjeM haiM. jIva kA svarUpa jaina zAstroM meM nimna gAthA meM kahA gayA hai jIvo uvayogamatro, amutto kattA sadehaparimANo , bhottA saMsArattho, siddho so visssoddgii| -dravya saMgraha : nemicandra siddhAMta cakravartI jIva caitanyamaya hai--jItA hai, upayogamaya hai yAnI jJAtA dRSTA hai, amUrtika yAnI iMdriyoM ke agocara hai, acche-bure kAryoM kA karane vAlA hai, usakA AkAra apanA deha-pramANa hai, aura vaha sukha-dukha kA bhoktA hai. vaha saMsAra meM raha rahA hai arthAt aneka yoniyoM meM janma maraNa karatA rahatA hai, zuddha svarUpa se siddha ke samAna hai aura UdhvaMgamana usakA svabhAva hai. saba dravyoM meM eka pudgala hI aisA dravya hai jo rUpI yAnI dIkhane meM AtA hai, zeSa saba arUpI haiM. kucha pudgala aise bhI hote haiM jo apanI sUkSmatA se netragocara nahIM bhI hote haiM tathApi ve yaMtrAdi ke dvArA grahaNa yogya hone se rUpI hI mAne jAte haiM. jaise gaMdha, zabda, havA Adi kucha aise bhI sUkSmAtisUkSma pudgala hote haiM jo sabhI indriyoM ke agocara hone para bhI pudgala kI jAti ke hI mAne jAte haiM jaise kArmaNavargaNA. jaba koI pudgala vizeSa rUpI hokara bhI apanI sUkSmatA kI vajaha se netragocara nahIM hote haiM taba jIvadravya to arU pI hai, vaha dRSTimeM to kyA anya kisI bhI indriya ke dvArA grahaNa meM nahIM A sakatA hai isI se bhrama meM par3akara kaI loga kahane lagate haiM ki yaha zarIra hI jIva hai, zarIra se bhinna koI jIva nAma kA dravya nahIM hai. kintu aisA samajhanA mithyA hai. AtmA sUkSma arUpI hone se bhale hI A~khoM mAdi se grahaNa meM nahIM AtA hai tathApi jo dekhane jAnane vAlA hai, kisI kI icchA karatA hai aura jisako harSa sukha-dukha kA anubhava hotA hai, vahI AtmA hai. AtmA ke hone se hI pratyeka prANI ko usake zarIra ke chinna-bhinna karane se dukha hotA hai. AtmA ke nikala jAne para murdA zarIra ko kATane jalAne Adi se koI pIr3A nahIM hotI hai. isase jAhira hotA hai ki AtmA aura zarIra do bhinna-bhinna cIjeM haiM. usake alAvA smRti jijJAsA, saMzayAdi jJAna vizeSa AtmA ke guNa haiM, unakA svasaMvedana pratyakSa hone se una guNoM vAlA AtmA bhI pratyakSa hai, kyoMki guNa se guNI bhinna nahIM rahatA hai. jahA~ guNa hai vahA~ guNI bhI avazya hotA hai. jaise rUpAdi guNa pratyakSa hone se una guNoM kA dhArI ghaTa bhI pratyakSa hai. prazna-mAnA ki guNa aura guNI abhinna haiM kintu zarIra hI AtmA hone se vahI guNI hai aura jJAna usa zarIra kA guNa hai. aisA kyoM na mAna liyA jAya ? uttara-aisA kahanA ThIka nahIM, kyoMki ghaTa kI taraha zarIra mUttivAn aura cakSugocara hai. vaha amUttika jJAnAdi guNoM kA AdhAra guNI nahIM ho sakatA. guNa aura guNI meM anurUpatA hotI hai-nirUpatA nahIM. ataH jJAnAdi guNa jisameM haiM vaha zarIra se bhinna anya koI arUpI dravya hai aura vahI AtmA hai. Ow.janelibrary.org
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________________ Jain Etic milApacandra kaTAriyA : jIvatattva vivecana : 331 prazna- jJAnAdi guNa zarIra ke nahIM hai. aisA kahanA pratyakSa viruddha hai. saba padArthoM kA jJAna indriyoM se hotA hai aura indriyarUpa hI zarIra hai. indriyA~ na hoM to kucha bhI jJAna nahIM hotA. uttara- -AtmA ko padArtha kA jJAna indriyoM ke dvArA hotA hai. isakA artha yaha nahIM hai ki AtmA aura indriyA~ abhinna haiM. kyoMki cakSu evaM karNa ke na rahane para bhI arthAt aMdhA baharA ho jAne para bhI unase utpanna pahile kA jJAna AtmA ko banA rahatA hai. jaise khir3akiyoM ke dvArA dekhe hue padArthoM kA bodha khir3akiyA~ banda kara dene para bhI devadatta ko rahatA hai. ataH devadatta khir3akiyoM se judA hai vaise hI AtmA indriyoM se judA hai. isI taraha iMdriyoM ke rahane para bhI agara AtmA kA upayoga viSaya grahaNa kI ora na ho to padArthajJAna nahIM hotA hai. isalie indriyoM ke hone para bhI AtmA ko padArtha jJAna nahIM hotA aura indriyoM ke na hone para bhI padArthajJAna rahatA hai. isase spaSTa siddha hotA hai ki dehAdi se AtmA koI judI cIja hai. isake atirikta kisI dUsare ko imalI khAte dekhakara mAtra usakA anubhava karane se hI hamAre muMha meM pAnI A jAtA hai. dUsare kA rudana sunakara yA usake kaSTa kA anubhava karane mAtra se hI hamArI A~khoM meM azru paidA ho jAte haiM. yahA~ anubhava karane vAlA zarIra se bhinna koI AtmA hI ho sakatA hai. eka indriya se jAnakArI hAsila karake dUsarI indriya se kArya karane, jaise AMkha se ghaTako dekhakara hAtha use uThAne ityAdi rUpa meM indriyoM ko soca samajha kara kAma meM lenevAlA bhI, indriyoM se bhinna hI koI ho sakatA hai. devadatta makAna kI kisI eka khir3akI se kisI ko dekhakara dUsarI khir3akI meM muMha DAlakara use bulAtA hai. yahA~ jaise khir3akiyoM se kAma lenevAlA devadatta khir3akiyoM se bhinna hai, usI taraha indriyoM ko kAma meM lenevAlA AtmA bhI, indriyoM se bhinna hai, jaise thor3e jJAnavAle pAMca puruSoM se adhika jJAna vAlA chaThA puruSa bhinna hai, usI taraha eka-eka viSaya ko grahaNa karanevAlI pAMcoM indriyoM se sabhI viSayoM ko grahaNa karane vAlA chaThA AtmA bhI, indriyoM se bhinna hai. eka seTha alaga-alaga gumAste rakhakara unase apanI icchAnusAra alaga-alaga kAma letA hai. jaise gumAstoM se seTha bhinna hai, usI taraha indriyoM se apanI icchAnusAra alaga-alaga viSaya ko grahaNa karane vAlA unakA adhiSThAtA AtmA bhI, indriyoM se bhinna hai. jaise rela ke Dibbe iMjana kI gati vizeSa ke anusAra calate haiM, mur3ate haiM, daur3ate haiM, dhIme calate haiM, usI taraha iMdriyA~ bhI AtmA kI preraNA se kArya karatI haiM. rela ke DibboM se iMjana bhinna hai usI prakAra iMdriyoM se AtmA bhinna hai. isa prakAra se jaba svazarIra meM AtmA kI siddhi hotI hai to usI taraha zarIra meM AtmA hone se iSTa meM pravRtti dekhI jAtI hai, tadvat parazarIra meM parazarIra meM bhI AtmA hai, yaha pramANita hotA hai. isase jIvoM kI aneka meM jJAna kI hInAdhikatA pAI jAne ke kAraNa saba jIva asamAnatA kA kAraNa unakA apanA svabhAva nahIM hai. AvaraNa hai. zarIra yadyapi acetana hai tathApi vaha cetana jIva dvArA calAye jAne ke kAraNa cetana sadRza hI dikhAI detA hai. jaise ki bailoM dvArA calAyA zakaTa bailoM kI taraha hI calatA huA dikhAI detA hai. parazarIra meM bhI AtmA hai. kyoMki jaise svabhI iSTa aniSTa meM pravRti dekhI jAtI hai. ataH saMkhyA siddha hotI hai. kintu saba saMsArI jIvoM sarvathA eka samAna nahIM haiM, yaha bhI siddha hotA hai. isa kintu una para hone vAlA paudgalika karmavargaNAoM kA prazna- agara AtmA zarIra se bhinna hai to vaha janma ke samaya zarIra meM praveza karate aura mRtyu ke samaya zarIra se nikalate kisI ko kyoM nahIM dikhatI hai ? jaise puSpa se gaMdha bhinna nahIM, usI taraha AtmA bhI zarIra se bhinna nahIM hai. jaise puSpa ke nAza hone se gaMdha kA vinAza ho jAtA hai usI prakAra deha ke nAza hone se AtmA kA bhI abhAva ho jAtA hai. garbha meM zukrazoNita ke sammizraNa se zarIra kA nirmANa hotA hai. vahI zanaiH-zanaiH bar3hane lagatA hai. vahAM anya sthAna se jIva Akara usameM sthAna kara letA hai aisA kahanA kevala kalpanA hai. uttara- -dUra se AyA huA zabda netroM dvArA nahIM dekhA jAtA. vaha kAna dvArA hI jJAta hotA hai. phira AtmA to sUkSma arUpI aura amUrta hai. vaha na netroM ke gocara hai aura na anya iMdriyoM ke. isalie jIva janma-maraNa ke samaya AtA-jAtA humw.jainelibrary.org
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________________ 362 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya dikhAI nahIM detA hai. jaise campA ke puSpa ko tela meM kSapaNa karane se usakI sugandha pRthak hokara tela meM mila jAtI hai kintu puSpa banA rahatA hai. isI prakAra AtmA mRtyu ke samaya isa zarIra se nikala kara bhavAntara meM, anya zarIra meM, calA jAtA hai aura pUrva zarIra yahAM par3A raha jAtA hai. mAtA pitA ke zukrazoNita se banane vAlI deha ke sivA usameM Ane vAlI AtmA kA niSedha kiyA so bhI ThIka nahIM hai. kyoMki mAtA pitA kaI bAra maithuna karma karate haiM, kintu garbha to kabhI-kabhI hI rahatA hai. isase siddha hotA hai ki jaba kabhI usa samaya bhavAntara se jIva Ane kA saMyoga baiThatA hai tabhI garbha rahatA hai. agara garbhotpatti meM eka mAtra zukrazoNita hI kAraNa hotA to mAtA pitA ke hara maithuna karma ke samaya meM garbha rahanA cAhiye thA. jaise vanaspati sacitta avasthA meM hone para hI jala sIMcane se bar3hatI hai sUkhA ThUTha acitta hone se nahIM bar3hatA hai usI taraha garbha kI vRddhi bhI sajIva avasthA meM hI hotI hai, nirjIva avasthA meM nahIM. sAdhu loga barasoM naMge pAMva calate haiM. para unake taluve nahIM ghisate haiM, jaba ki jUtA pahanakara calane se vaha kucha kAla meM hI ghisa jAtA hai. isakA kAraNa yahI hai ki taluve sajIva haiM. unheM khurAka milatI rahatI hai jisase ve ghisate nahIM. jUtA nirjIva hone se ghisatA hai. puSpa kA nAza hone se usakI gaMdha kA bhI nAza ho jAtA hai, usI taraha deha ke nAza hone para AtmA kA nAza ho jAtA hai, aisA mAnanA samicIna nahIM hai. kyoMki mRtyu ke samaya deha kA nAza kahAM hotA hai ? deha to maujUda rahatI hai. phira kyoM mRtyu honI cAhie? prazna-deha to rahatI hai para jina bhU, jala, agni Adi paMcabhUtoM ke samudAya se deha meM cetanA utpanna hotI hai, unake jIrNa ho jAne para deha ke rahate bhI cetanA nahIM rahatI hai. ise hI mRtyu kahate haiM. jaise dhAtakI, puSpa, dAkha, jala Adi ke mizraNa se zarAba meM mAdakatA utpanna hotI hai. vaha mAdakatA zarAba purAnI par3a jAne para bhI zarAba ke rahate hue usameM se nikala jAtI hai. uttara-paMcabhUtoM meM se kisI bhI bhUta meM cetanA nahI hai. phira vaha paMcabhUtoM ke mizraNa se kaise utpanna ho sakatI hai ? yadi kahA jAya ki ghAtakI Adi alaga-alaga dravya meM mAdakatA nahIM hai kintu saba ke milane para madya utpanna ho jAtA hai usI taraha paMcabhUtoM meM se alaga-alaga kisI meM cetanA na hone para bhI unake samudAya meM cetanA utpanna ho jAtI hai kintu aisA hI ho to jalate hue cUlhe para pAnI kI bharI haMDiyA ko garama karate samaya paMcabhUta ikaTThe ho jAte haiM, vahAM cetanA kyoM nahIM paidA hotI hai ? madya ke pratyeka upAdAna dravya meM agara mAdakatA ke kucha aMza na hoM to unake samudAya meM bhI mAdakatA kaise ho sakatI hai ? aura phira dhAtakI Adi se hI madya kyoM banatA ? anya dravyoM se kyoM nahIM ? jaise hara raja-kaNa meM tela ke aMza nahIM hote to unake samudAya meM bhI tela utpanna nahIM hotA hai. usI taraha madya ke hara eka upAdAna dravya meM mAdakatA na hotI to unake samudAya meM bhI mAdakatA nahIM ho sakatI thI. sahI cIja to yaha hai ki dhAtakI Adi se jo madirA paidA hotI hai so dhAtakI Adi bhI pudgala hai aura unase utpanna madirA bhI pudgala hai. ataH pudgala se pudgala hI paidA huA usI taraha paMcabhUta bhI pudgala hai to unameM bhI paudgalika zarIra hI paidA ho sakatA hai, caMtanAmaya AtmA nahIM. purAnI ho jAne se zarAba rahate bhI zarAba meM se mAdakatA nikala jAtI haiM usI taraha zarIra ke jIrNa ho jAne se zarIra rahate bhI usameM se cetanA nikala jAtI hai, yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki saba hI kI mRtyu vRddhAvasthA meM hotI to yaha bhI mAna liyA jAtA ki zarIra ke jIrNa hone se cetanA naSTa ho gaI kintu mRtyu to choTe baccoM va yuvAoM kI bhI dekhI jAtI hai, yahAM taka ki koI to garbha meM hI mara jAtA hai. prazna-dhAtakI dAkha Adi pratyeka meM alparUpa meM mAdakatA vidyamAna hotI hai. isa siddhAnta ko mAna lete haiM. usI taraha paMcabhUtoM meM bhI pratyeka meM cetanA ke aMza haiM aura unake samudAya meM pUrI AtmA bana jAtI hai.. uttara--aisA mAnane meM bhI bAdhA hai. paMcabhUta pudgala haiM-mUrtika haiM, unake aMza amUrtika-cetanAsvarUpa kaise ho sakate haiM ? aura saba bhUtoM ke ikaTThe ho jAne para cetanA kI naI utpatti mAnI jAya to mRta zarIra meM bhI bhUta samudAya to rahatA hI hai. phira usameM AtmA kA abhAva kyoM hai ? yadi kaho ki mRta zarIra meM se vAyu nikala jAne ke kAraNa cetanA nahIM rahatI, to nalI ke dvArA vAyu praveza karAne para cetanA paidA ho jAnI cAhiye para paidA nahIM hotI hai. jo kaho Jain F Tary.org
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________________ milApacanda kaTAriyA jIvatattva vivecana : 363 ki usa vakta teja kA prabhAva hone se cetanA paidA nahIM hotI hai aura cetanA paidA hone yogya viziSTa vAyu kI upalabdhi bhI nahIM hotI hai, to phira yoM hI kyoM na kaho ki vaha teja aura viziSTa vAyu Atmatattva ke sivAya anya koI nahIM hai ? prazna- jaise miTTI jala Adi ke saMyoga se dhAnya Adi paidA honA pratyakSa dekhate haiM, vaise hI bhUtoM ke saMyoga se jIva paidA hote haiM aisA mAnanA bhI ucita hI hai. uttara -dhAnya ke paidA hone meM miTTI jalAdika upAdAna kAraNa nahIM hai. upAdAna kAraNa unake bIca meM haiM. ve bIja miTTI jalAdi se bhinna haiM. usI taraha zarIra meM cetanA bhUta samudAya kI nahIM hai kintu bhUta samudAya se bhinna AtmA kI hai. jaise eka vRddha puruSa kA jJAna yuvAvasthA ke jJAna pUrvaka hotA hai aura yuvAvasthA kA jJAna bAlyAvasthA ke jJAna pUrvaka hotA hai, usI prakAra bAlyAvasthA kA jJAna bhI usake pUrva kI kisI avasthA kA honA cAhiye. vaha avasthA usa jIva ke pUrva bhava kI hI sambhava hai. jaise jIva ko vRddhAvasthA meM aneka abhilASAyeM hotI hai. usake pUrva yuvAvasthA meM bhI hotI thIM aura yuvAvasthA ke pUrva bAlyAvasthA meM hotI haiM. vaise hI bAlyAvasthA ke pUrva bhI koI avasthA honI cAhiye tAki icchAoM kI paramparA TUTa na sake. vaha asvathA jIva kA pUrva janma hI ho sakatI hai. isI kAraNa se to janma lete hI bachar3A gAya kA stana cUsane lagatA hai. isase yahI siddha hotA hai ki bhavAMtara se jIva Akara zarIra ko apanA Azraya banAtA hai. vartamAna meM bhI samAcAra-patroM meM pUrva janma kI ghaTanAyeM chapatI rahatI haiM. agara pUrva janma nahIM hai to billI kA cUhe se aura mayUra kA sarpa se svAbhAvika vaira hone kA kyA kAraNa hai ? prazna -yadi pratyeka zarIra meM jIva bhavAMtara se AtA hai to isakA artha hai vahI pUrvajanma ke zarIra meM thA. zarIra badalA hai jIva to vahI kA vahI hai. yAda kyoM nahIM haiM ? uttara - jaise vRddhAvasthA meM kinhIM ko apanI bAlyA avasthA kI bAteM yAda rahatI haiM aura kinhIM ko nahIM rahatI haiM, isI prakAra kisI jIva ko bhavAMtara kI bAteM yAda AjAtI haiM, kisI ko nahIM. isameM kAraNa jIva kI dhAraNA zakti kI hInAdhikatA hai. dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki jina bAtoM para adhika sUkSma upayoga lagAyA gayA ho ve sudUrabhUta kI hone para bhI yAda A jAtI haiM aura jina para mAmUlI upayoga lagAyA gayA ho, ve nikaTa bhUta kI bhI smaraNa meM nahIM rahatI haiM. manuSya ko apanI garbhAvasthA kA smaraNa isIliye nahIM rahatA hai ki vahAM usako kisI viSaya para gambhIratA pUrvaka socane kI yogyatA hI paidA nahIM hotI hai. isake atirikta pUrva zarIra ko chor3akara agale zarIra ko dhAraNa karane meM prathama to bIca meM vyavadhAna par3a jAtA hai, dUsare agalA zarIra pUrva zarIra se bhinna prakAra kA hotA hai aura usake vikasita hone meM bhI samaya lagatA hai. cUMki jIva kI jJAnotpatti meM zarIra aura iMdriyoM kA bahuta bar3A hAtha rahatA hai. yadi pUrva janma meM jIva asaMjJI rahA ho to vahAM kisI viSaya kA ciMtana hI na ho sakA. ataeva agale janma meM yAda Ane kA prazna hI nahIM rahatA hai. ityAdi kAraNoM se pratyeka prANI ko jAti smaraNa kA honA sulabha nahIM hai. prazna-- eka lohe kI koThI meM kisI prANI ko banda kara diyA jAya aura usa koThI ke saba chidroM ko DhaMka diyA jAya to prANI mara jAtA hai. usa prANI kI AtmA usa koThI se bAhara nikala jAtI hai. magara usa koThI meM kahIM chidra nahIM hotA hai. isase siddha hotA hai ki usa prANI kA jo zarIra thA vahI jIva thA. 885 : yahI huA ki isa janma ke zarIra meM jo jIva to phira sabhI jIvoM ko pUrva janma kI bAteM baiThA AdamI zaMkha bajAve to zaMkha kI AvAja koThI ke bAhara cheda huA najara nahIM AtA hai. phira AtmA to AvAja se bhI AtmA ke nikalane para koThI meM cheda hone kI kyA jarUrata hai ? uttara- -usa koThI meM zaMkha dekara kisI AdamI ko baiThAyA jAve aura saba chidra baMda kara diye jAveM. phira usa koThI meM sunAI detI hai. AvAja ke nikalane se koThI meM kahIM atyadhika sUkSma hai. AvAja mUrta hai, AtmA amUrta hai. prazna - maraNAsanna manuSya ko jIvita avasthA meM tolA jAya aura phira marane ke pazcAt tatkAla tolA jAya to vajana Jain Estion Inter 1oxo 000000 enal Use Only COLORAD
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________________ ---------------------- 364 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya meM kamI nahIM hotI hai. agara zarIra se bhinna koI jIva hotA to marane para zarIra kA vajana kama honA cAhiye thA. uttara havA bharI huI mazaka kA jo vajana hotA hai vahI vajana havA nikAlane ke bAda bhI usameM rahatA hai. jaba havA ke nikala jAne para bhI mazaka ke vajana meM kamI nahIM AtI hai to AtmA to arUpI aura havA se bhI ati sUkSma hai. usake nikala jAne para zarIra ke vajana meM kamI kaise A sakatI hai ? prazna-AMkha ThIka ho to dikhAI detA hai, kAna ThIka ho to sunAI detA hai. donoM hI meM kharAbI AjAne para AtmA na dekha sakatI hai, na suna sakatI hai. isase kyA yaha siddha nahIM hotA hai ki dekhane-sunane vAlA jo hai vaha indriya rUpa zarIra hI hai. koI alaga AtmA nahIM hai. uttara-svapnAvasthA meM manuSya apanI iMdriyoM ko kAma meM liye vinA bhI dekhatA hai, sUMghatA hai, khAtA hai, pItA hai. yahAM taka ki jisa manuSya ko mare kaI varSa ho gaye use bhI pratyakSa dekhatA hai. isa prakAra kI bAteM nizcaya hI zarIra se bhinna AtmA ke astitva ko siddha karatI haiM. prazna-jIvoM kI utpatti bhautika saMmizraNoM ke AdhAra para hotI hai. yA to mAtA-pitA ke rajovIrya ke milane para yA idhara-udhara ke paramANuoM se hI jIvotpatti ho jAtI hai. jaise ATe meM jIva par3anA bAloM meM jUM par3anA Adi. agara ye saba jIva bhavAMtara se Akara paidA hote haiM to bhavAntara ke zarIra ko chor3ate hI unake liye jaisA zarIra cAhiye vaise hI zarIra kA saMyoga apane Apa kaise bana jAtA hai ? jaise kisI jIva ko manuSya paryAya meM AnA hai to usake marate hI kahIM anyatra usI samaya puruSa ke aura strI ke samAgama se utpanna zukrazoNita kA mizraNa bhI taiyAra rahanA cAhiye, tAki vaha usameM A sake. isa prakAra kI taiyArI sadA hI akasmAt mila jAnA sambhava nahIM hai. isase to yahI kyoM na mAnA jAya ki bhautika mizraNoM se hI caitanya utpanna ho jAtA hai. yaha nahIM kaha sakate ki koI jIva bhavAMtara ke zarIra se nikalane ke bAda, jaba taka unake yogya zarIra kI sAmagrI kA saMyoga na mile taba taka yoM hI bhaTakatA rahatA hai. kyoMki vigrahagati meM adhika se adhika kAla jaina-siddhAMta meM tIna samaya mAtra batAyA gayA hai. cauthe samaya meM to use jahA~ bhI janma lenA hai vahA~ avazya pahu~canA hI par3atA hai. yaha tIna samaya kA kAla bahuta hI thor3A hai. jaina zAstroM meM eka zvAsa meM hI asaMkhyAta samaya batAye haiM. uttara-jaina-zAstroM meM jIvoM kA janma tIna taraha kA mAnA hai--sammUrchana, upapAda aura garbha. inameM se sammurchana janma ke liye to koI kaThinAI nahIM hai. yaha janma rajovIrya ke saMyoga se nahIM hotA hai. yaha to tIna loka meM phaile huye idharaudhara ke pudgala padArthoM se hI ho jAtA hai ataH agaNita jIvoM ke isa janma ke lie to hara samaya loka meM sAmagrI bharI par3I hai. upapAda janma deva-nArakiyoM kA hotA hai. isa janma ke lie bhI mAtA-pitA ke saMyoga kI jarUrata nahIM hai. isa janma ke liye to niyata sthAna bane huye haiM aura ve sadA taiyAra milate haiM. rahA garbhajanma, usake liye agara mAtApitA ke saMyoga kI jarUrata rahatI hai to vaha bhI durlabha nahIM hai. maithuna karma karane vAle jIvoM kI loka meM koI kamI nahIM haiM. yaha saMyoga bhI hara samaya mila hI jAtA hai. maithuna ke anta meM jyoM hI rajovIrya kA patana hokara mizraNa ho, usI samaya bhavAMtara se jIva Akara usameM paidA ho, aisA bhI koI niyama nahIM hai. kisI ke mata se rajovIrya ke usa mizraNa meM sAta dina pazcAt taka jIva kA AnA batAyA gayA hai. isa taraha se jIvoM ke AvAgamana kI samasyA bhI hala ho jAtI hai. mI Jain Education Intemational
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________________ zrIratanalAla saMghavI nyAyatIrtha, bhAratIya darzanoM meM AtmavAda Vim (1) aitihAsika pRSTha-bhUmi bhAratIya-vicAra-jagat ke dArzanika kSetra meM sudIrgha kAla se anubhUtidhAraka tattva arthAt 'AtmA' ke sambandha meM utsukatAzraddhA evaM vicArAtmaka anusaMdhAna calA A rahA hai. AryAvarta meM aba taka aneka tIrthaMkara RSi-muni, tattva-ciMtaka, saMnyAsI, Izvara-bhakta, saMta evaM manISA-nidhi dArzanika puruSa aura sarvocca koTi ke nirmala cAritra-saMpanna loka-sevaka, nAnAvidha bhautika evaM AdhyAtmika pragUr3ha samasyAoM kA cintana-manana karate hue isa vicAra-maMthana meM anurakta rahe haiM ki isa mahAn ajJAta aura ajJeya rahasya vAle brahmANDa meM maulikatA tathA amaratA kA kauna-sA tattva hai ? yaha dRzyamAna aura adRzyamAna arthAt pratyakSa evaM parokSa rIti se vilokyamAna loka kina-kina vastuoM kA banA huA hai ? aitihAsika aura zraddhAmaya donoM dRSTiyoM se vicAra kiyA jAya to vidita hotA hai ki jaba se mAnava-jAti susaMskRta huI hai aura jaba se isameM vicAra-zakti tathA mAnava-samAja racane kI dRSTi utpanna huI hai, tabhI se cetanA guNa vAle tattva meM AtmA ke sambandha meM UhApoha prArambha ho gayA hai tadanusAra aba taka yahI anubhava huA hai ki isa akhila vizva meM do tattvoM kI hI mukhyatA hai, jinake AdhAra se isa vizva kA vistAra hai. isa prakAra zraddhA-dRSTi se AtmavAda kI vicAraNA prathama tIrthaMkara prabhu zrIRSabhadeva se mAnI jA sakatI hai aura aitihAsika dRSTi se lagabhaga dasa hajAra varSa se kucha adhika kAla se, medhA-saMpanna dArzanikoM ke mastiSka meM yaha samasyA utpanna huI ki 'anubhUti athavA jJAna-zakti,' eka viziSTa tattva hai jo ki jJAna-zUnya padArthoM se arthAt pudgala tattvase sarvathA hI bhinna hai. anubhUtizaktisaMpanna tattva ke guNa, dharma aura paryAya sarvathA maulika, svatantra, anupama, vilakSaNa aura asAdhAraNa haiM, jaba ki anubhUtizUnya tattva, isase sarvathA viparIta guNoM vAlA hai. isI citana ne bhAratIya sAhityakSetra meM apanA eka svatantra vicAra-vibhAga prastuta kiyA jo ki dArzanika vicAra-kSetra kahalAyA. isa prakAra se utpanna huI yaha dArzanika vicAraNA kI dhArA zanaiH zanaiH vibhinna koTi ke cintakoM ke mastiSka meM pravAhita hone lagI aura pariNAma svarUpa nitya naye-naye vicAra aura naI-naI vyavasthAe~ tathA apUrva-apUrva kalpanAe~ isa anubhUtimaya tattva ke saMbaMdha meM upasthita hone lagI.. Aja se lagabhaga pAMca hajAra varSa se kucha samaya pahile yaha vicAradhArA mukhyataH do kSetroM meM vibhAjita ho gaI. eka dhArA mukhyataH veda-RcAoM ke nirmAtAoM aura tatsaMbaMdhI saMpradAya ke vicArakoM dvArA pravAhita huI, jo ki naiyAyika, sAMkhya Adi nAmoM se vaidika dArzanika rUpa meM prasphuTita huI. dUsarI bhagavAn pAzrvanAtha se sambandhita vicAradhArA ina ke samakAlIna athavA inase kucha pUrvakAlIna AdhyAtmika mahApuruSoM dvArA pravAhita huI. yaha vicAradhArA zramaNa dArzanika-vicAraNA kahI jA sakatI hai. yoM prajJAzIla puruSoM ke mAnasa meM mImAMsApUrvaka pragati karatA huA yaha AtmavAda-vicAraNA kA siddhAnta lagabhaga cAra-pAMca hajAra varSoM ke pUrva kAla se Aja dina taka barAbara akhaNDa rUpa se cintana-manana ke rUpa meM anusaMdhAna kA viSaya rahA hai. aba taka isa viSaya meM hajAroM grantha likhe gaye, lAkhoM mahApuruSoM dvArA isakI vyAkhyA kI gaI aura karor3oM AdhyAtmika puruSoM dvArA ekAMta meM, dhyAnAvasthA meM, isa vilakSaNa tattva kA cintana manana kiyA gayA hai.. jahA~ taka anubhUtimaya tattva arthAt AtmA ke astitva kA prazna hai, sabhI dArzanikoM ne isakA astitva niHsaMkoca rUpa Jain Education Tremato
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________________ 366 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya ----0-0--0--0--0--0-0--0-0 se svIkAra kiyA hai parantu usake svarUpa aura nityatva Adi ke viSaya meM bhinna-bhinna kalpanAe~ rahI haiM. koI use paramANu rUpa mAnatA hai, koI vizva-vyApI svarUpa vAlA mAnatA hai, koI saMkoca-vistAramaya pradezoM vAlA mAnatA, to koI use IzvarIya rUpa vAlA mAnatA hai. koI nitya kahatA hai to koI anitya hI batalAtA hai. isa tattva kI antima dazA mukta rUpa kahI gaI hai parantu mokSa ke svarUpa ke saMbaMdha meM bhI vibhinna mata haiM. koI use anantakAlIna kahate haiM to koI parimitakAlIna batalAte haiM. bauddha-darzana to isa viSaya meM avaktavya jaisI sthiti meM hai aura dRSTAnta rUpa meM "dIpa-nirvANavat" kaha kara chuTakArA pA letA hai. ina vividha dArzanika vivecanAoM meM bhASA-bheda, prarUpaNA-bheda, kalpanA-bheda aura vyAkhyA-bheda ke hote hue bhI AtmA ke prati kisI ko asvIkRti nahIM hai. isase pramANita hotA hai ki prAyaH sabhI dArzanika AtmA ko eka svataMtra tattva svIkAra karate hai| jaba eka bAra AtmA kA astitva svIkAra kara liyA gayA to isake bAda meM utpanna hone vAle janma, maraNa, pApa, puNya, vAsanA, saMskAra, malInatA, punItatA, ardhavimalatva, pUrNa vimalatva, ajJAnatva, jJAnatva, amaratva, Izvaratva Adi ke viSaya meM utpanna hone vAle praznoM kI bhI vivecanA kI gaI. inakA apanI-apanI zailI se tathA apanI-apanI bhASApaddhati se samAdhAna kiyA gayA aura bhAratIya darzana-kSetra meM samuccaya rUpa se yaha eka pUrNa satya sthApita kiyA gayA ki AtmA avazyameva hai tathA aparimita zakti-saMpanna evaM acintya svarUpa vAle Izvara tattva se isakA ghaniSTha saMbaMdha hai. isa ghaniSTha sambandha ke viSaya meM bhI mukhyata: do vicAra dhArAe~ prastuta huI haiM. naiyAyika vaizeSika darzana AtmA tathA Izvara donoM ko pRthaka-pRthak mAnate haiM, jaba ki vedAnta evaM sAMkhya Adi pramukha saMpradAya Atma-tattva meM kAlpanika bhinnatA batalAte hue mUlataH donoM ko eka hI tattva batalAte haiM. bauddha darzana Atmatattva aura Izvaratva ke sambandha meM vizeSa ulajhane kI AvazyatA nahIM batalAtA huA bhI isake astitva ko svIkAra karatA hai, yadyapi pazcAtvartI suprasiddha dArzanika vidvAn nAgArjuna tathA diGnAgAdi Atma-tattva ke sambandha meM Azcaryajanaka 'zUnyatA' jaisI kalpatAe~ karate hue pAye jAte haiM phira bhI pracchanna rUpa se Atmatattva kI svIkArokti unameM bhI pratIta hotI hai. bauddha tAkikoM meM sarva-prathama aura pradhAna AcArya nAgArjuna hue. inakA kAla IsA kI dUsarI zatAbdI hai. ye mahAn pratibhAzAlI aura pracaNDa tAkika the. inhoMne 'mAdhyamika-kArIkA' nAmaka tarka kA praur3ha evaM gambhIra grantha banAyA aura bauddhasAhitya kA mUla AdhAra "zUnyavAda" nirdhArita kiyA. isake AdhAra para zeSa bhAratIya dArzanika mAnyatAoM kA tathA toM kA prabala khaNDana kiyA. diGnAgAdi pazcAt-tAkikoM ne isa viSaka ko vizeSarUpa se Age bar3hAyA aura bhAratIya tarkazAstra sambandhI gahana sAhitya kA gUr3ha tama aura gambhIratama rUpa prastuta kiyA. janadarzana meM Atmatattva ko spaSTa rUpa se svIkAra kiyA gayA hai aura Atmatattva kI pUrNa vikasita avasthA ko hI Izvaratva mAnA gayA hai. Izvaratva-prApti ke bAda AtmA pUrNa rUpa se kRtakRtya tathA vimalatama sthiti vAlA ho jAne se janmamaraNa Adi rUpa bhautika hastakSepa se evaM tajjanita vividha saMsAracakra rUpa ghaTa-mAla se sarvathA aura sadaiva ke liye parimukta ho jAtA hai. jIva tattva ko yaha sAMsArika avasthA kaba aura kaise prApta huI ? isakA uttara yahI hai ki yaha samasyA anAdi kAlIna hai aura isaliye isakA uttara yahI ho sakatA hai ki sAMsArika avasthA pratyakSa rUpa se malIna dikhAI de rahI hai, isako pavitra banAne kA hI vicAra karo aura yaha mata pUcho ki yaha AtmA kyoM aura kaba se tathA kaise malIna huI hai ? mUla svarUpa meM sabhI AtmAe~ arUpI haiM, ajara haiM, U~ca-nIca avasthAoM se rahita haiM aura sabhI prakAra ke lepoM se rahita haiM. jaina-zAstroM meM Atmatattva kA lakSaNa upayogamaya, jJAnamaya athavA anubhUtimaya kahA gayA hai, jar3a-tattva meM jJAna, anubhava, upayoga aura viveka jaisI zakti kA sarvathA abhAva hai. yaha antara hI ina donoM kA asAdhAraNa lakSaNa hai. JainEducaAHMIRIRALA MPHATTIMES HI RINTIMI NShop10HIMIRPAIIMIUINOniyaMINISTI.10111101. htm10110010mAINABRANIreliterary.org
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________________ ratanalAla saMghavI : bhAratIya darzanoM meM prAtmavAda : 367 pratyeka sAMsArika AtmA meM yaha sahajAta Atma-dharma-rUpa zakti vidyamAna hai ki vaha apane mUla sAtvika guNoM ke bala se sAMsArika avasthA kA uccheda karake 'brahma-jyoti' ke rUpa meM akhaNDa, agocara, sarvaguNasaMpanna aura sarvazaktimAna paramAtmA ke rUpa meM pariNata ho sakatA hai. jaina-darzana kA vidhAna hai ki pratyeka AtmA meM Izvaratva maujUda hai, kevala usake vikAsa karane kI AvazyakatA hai. apane meM sthita mUla guNoM kA vikAsa karane meM, kisI bhI AtmA ke liye kisI bhI prakAra kA koI pratibandha nahIM hai. isa prakAra jaina-darzana kI 'Atma-tattva' ke saMbaMdha meM yaha maulika vicAradhArA hai, jo ki apane Apa meM vilakSaNa svarUpa vAlI hotI huI paripUrNa rUpa se satyamaya evaM zraddheya svarUpa vAlI hai. (4) prAtma-tatva-jImAMsA saMsArAvasthA meM avasthita Atmatattva ke guNAvaguNoM kI apekSA se jo anekAneka zreNiyA~ dikhAI de rahI haiM, unakA kAraNa vikRti kI nyUnAdhikatA hI hai. jisa AtmA meM jitanA sAtvika guNoM kA vikAsa hai, vaha AtmA utanI hI Izvaratva ke samIpa hai aura jisameM jitanI vikRti kI adhikatA hai, utanI hI vaha Izvaratva se dUra hai. Aja dina taka anaMtAnaMta AtmAoM ne apane-apane sat-prayatna dvArA Izvaratva prApta kiyA hai aura Age bhI karatI raheMgI. Izvaratva-prApti ke pazcAt ye AtmAe~ pUrNa-rUpeNa kRtakRtya, 'vItarAga' akSaya-ananta jyotirUpa ho jAtI haiM, tatpazcAt saMsAra ke prati inakA kisI bhI prakAra kA koI uttaradAyitva zeSa nahIM raha jAtA hai. ye ananta-zakti ke rUpa meM, paripUrNa vimala jJAna ke rUpa meM yA sAkSAt pUrNa Izvaratva ke rUpa meM avasthita ho jAtI haiM. jaina-darzana kI yaha mAnyatA hai ki isa prakAra anaMtAnaMta AtmAe~ 'jyoti meM jyoti' ke samAna Izvaratva-svarUpa meM visasita hokara paramAvasthA meM sadaiva ke liye avasthita rahatI haiM. inameM na to sthAnAntara hI hotA hai aura na avasthAMtara hI, ye paraspara meM abAdhita rUpa se, akhaNDa-avinAzI-jJAna-jyoti ke rUpa meM sthita hotI haiM. yahI jaina-darzana kA Izvaratva hai. vedAnta-darzana kA brahmatattva, sAMkhya darzana kA puruSatattva aura jaina-darzana kA Atmatattva lagabhaga samAna haiM. ukta tInoM darzanakAroM kI Atmatattva kI vivecana-praNAlI bhinna-bhinna hotI haI bhI siddhAntaH samAna hai. zabda-bheda aura vivecana-zailI-bheda hone para tAtparya-bheda utanA nahIM hai jitanA ki Upara se dikhalAI par3atA hai. isa prakAra artha-bheda ke abhAva meM tInoM darzanoM kA AtmavAda lagabhaga eka-sA hI hai. sArAMza yaha hai saMpUrNa vizva kA mUla AdhAra evaM isakA upAdAna kAraNa kevala do tattva hI haiM ; prathama acetana tattva aura dUsarA cetana tattva inhIM ko vedAntadarzana meM mAyA aura brahma kahate haiM, jaba ki inhIM tattvoM kA ullekha sAMkhya darzana meM prakRtti evaM puruSa ke nAma se kiyA gayA hai. vedAntadarzana udbodhita karatA hai ki mAyA tattva ke kAraNa hI brahma nAmaka Atmatattva apane Apako ba~dhA huA samajhatA hai yadi brahma tattva apane svarUpa ko pahacAna le to tatkAla hI isakI mAyA se mukti ho jAyagI aura yaha usI kSaNa IzvarIya svarUpa ko prApta ho jAyagA. paripUrNa Izvaratattva meM aura tatkAla mAyA se mukta Atmatattva meM koI antara zeSa nahIM raha jAyagA, kyoMki vAstava meM mAyA se paribaddha Atma-tattva kI saMjJA brahma hI hai evaM yaha brahma bhI usa paramajyotisvarUpa brahma kA hI aMza rUpa hai, vizva-pravRtti mAyA tattva se janita hai, brahmatattva se nahIM. isa prakAra sthUla rUpa se vaNita uparokta brahma vAda kA tathA jaina-darzana ke AtmavAda kA antima lakSya eka hI hai. sAMkhyadarzana tattva-cintakoM ke sammukha yaha mAnyatA prastuta karatA hai ki vizva meM kevala do hI mUlabhUta padArtha haiM--puruSa tathA prakRti. puruSatattva sAkSAt Izvara svarUpa hai parantu prakRti ke sAnnidhya se vaha apane Apa ko ba~dhA huA mAna baiThA hai. jyoM hI puruSatattva ko yaha sphuraNA hotI hai ki yaha saba khela prakRti kA hai, prakRti ke sAtha puruSa kA koI lagAva nahIM hai, tyoM hI puruSatattva parimukta ho jAtA hai. Jain Education Intematonal
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________________ 368 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya ---------------0-0-0 (5) Atma-tattva kI maulikatA sabhI AtmAe~ samAna rUpa se ananta guNoM kI bhaMDAra haiM. eka AtmA meM jitane bhI guNa haiM, utane hI tathA vaise hI guNa zeSa sabhI AtmAoM meM vidyamAna haiM. jJAna, darzana, Ananda, amaratA, sAtvikatA Adi sabhI guNa pratyeka AtmA ke mUla dharma haiM. ina guNoM ko bAhya padArtha se prerita athavA janita nahIM samajhanA cAhiye, ataeva ye vaibhAvika nahIM haiM.ye sabhI svAbhAvika haiM. inameM vikAsa, avikAsa, ardhavikAsa, viparita vikAsa jaisI nAnAvidha vaibhAvika sthitiyA~ utpanna ho sakatI haiM, parantu ina guNoM kA sarvathA vinAza nahIM ho sakatA hai, kyoMki ina guNoM kA aura AtmA kA paraspara meM abhinna saMbaMdha hai. ise zAstrIya-bhASA meM tAdAtmyasambandha kahate haiM. jaise uSNatA aura agni, zItalatA aura jala kiraNa aura sUrya, auSadhi aura usakI prabhAva-zakti Adi kA paraspara abhinna sambandha hai. vaisA hI uparokta sabhI guNoM kA AtmA ke sAtha sambandha jAnanA cAhie. AtmA cAhe nigoda, tiryaMca, naraka Adi avasthA meM rahe, cAhe devagati yA, manuSyagati meM rahe, athavA arihaMta-siddha avasthA meM, ina guNoM kA vinAza kabhI nahIM hotA. ina guNoM kI sthiti sAMsArika avasthA meM avikasita athavA apUrNa vikasita jaisI hotI hai, jaba ki arihaMta-siddha avasthA meM ye guNa paripUrNa rUpa se vikasita ho jAte haiM. saMsAra-avasthA meM Atmatattva ke maulika guNa karma se AvRtta rahate haiM, parimukta avasthA meM, anAvRtta ho jAte haiM. siddhAnta yaha hai ki svarUpa svarUpI se kadApi pRthak athavA bhinna nahIM ho sakatA hai. guNa, karma, vRtti aura svabhAva ye pAribhASika zabda Atmagata paryAyoM kI sthiti kA paricaya karAte haiM, ataH ina para vicAra karane kI AvazyakatA hai. jaina-darzana meM Atmatattva kI sarvottama tathA sarvocca vikAsa-avasthA terahaveM-caudahave guNasthAna kI prApti ke samaya meM kahI gaI hai. AdhyAtmikabhASA meM isa sthiti ko arihaMta-avasthA kahate haiM aura usa avasthA meM utpanna hone vAlI sarvocca sAtvika vizeSatAe~ hI svAbhAvika guNa zabda se vyakta kI jAtI haiM. ina guNoM meM ananta jJAna, darzana, nirmalatA, akSayatA, anirvacanIya Atmika AnaMda, saralatA, saMtoSa, nirlobhatA Adi vizeSAoM kA antarbhAva hai. ye Atmika guNa haiM, inakA aura Atmatattva kA paraspara meM tAdAtmya sambandha hai. ye guNa hI AtmA ke dharma kahalAte haiM. saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karate samaya ina guNoM evaM dharmoM meM jo hrAsa athavA vikAsa hotA hai, usI ko vRtti kahate haiM. sAMsArika-avasthA meM vRtti kA sthAna kriyAtmaka rUpa se hRdaya aura mastiSka mAnA gayA hai. Atma-tattva se prerita mAnasika-zakti kA prabhAva zarIra para hotA huA bhI hRdaya evaM mastiSka para vizeSa rUpa se jAnanA cAhiye. mana yadyapi zarIra-vyApI hI hai parantu usakA pramukha sthAna hRdaya aura mastiSka hai. mana meM jo acche athavA bure vicAra utpanna hote haiM, tathA jo bhalI evaM burI bhAvanAe~ utpanna hotI haiM, unheM hI 'vRtti' saMjJA dI gaI hai. ye vRttiyA~ mukhyata: tIna bhAgoM meM vibhAjita haiM :--(1) sAtvika, (2) rAjasa aura (3) tAmasa. acchI vRttiyo ko yA zreSTha tathA hitAvaha vicAroM ko, aura uttama bhAvanAoM ko sAtvika-vRttiyA~' kahate haiM. sarvocca vikAsa-zIla avasthA meM arthAt arihaMta-sthiti meM jo guNa haiM, ve hI saMsAra-avasthA meM rahate hue- sAdhanA-kAla meM, sAtvika-vRttiyoM ke nAma se parilakSita hote haiM. niSkarSa yaha hai ki saMsAra-avasthA meM rahate hue AtmA ke guNa-dharmoM meM paryAya rUpa se utpanna hone vAlI viziSTa guNa-dhArA hI vRtti hai. (6) Atmatattva kA saMvikAsa jaba taka atmA kA dRSTikoNa bAhyasukha aura pudgaloM meM rahatA hai arthAt jaba taka sAMsArikasukha, sAMsArika lAlasA, indriya-bhoga, indriya-poSaNa ,dhanasaMgraha, pada-lAlasA aura yazolipsA Adi tAmasa vRttiyoM kI ora AtmA lagI rahatI WOWOWO Jainism Cewalimary.org
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________________ ratanalAla saMghavI : bhAratIya darzanoM meM AtmavAda : 366 -------------------- hai, taba taka vaha antabhUrkha nahIM hai. isa sthiti ko 'bahirAtma' sthiti kahate haiM. ise mithyAtva-avasthA bhI kahA gayA hai. isakI tIna zreNiyA~ vicAra-bheda se kahI gaI haiM, inake pAribhASika nAma prathama, dvitIya aura tRtIya guNasthAna haiM. ina guNa sthAnoM kI bhI avAntara rUpa se asaMkhyAta zreNiyA~ haiM, kyoMki ina guNasthAnoM meM pAI jAne vAlI anaMtAnaMta AtmAe~ haiM, jinakI vicAra-zreNiyA~ athavA adhyavasAyasthAna a saMkhyAta haiM, tadanusAra uparyukta tInoM guNasthAnoM meM bhI avAntara zreNiyoM kI saMkhyA bhI asaMkhyAta prakAra kI ho sakatI hai. anaMtAnubandhI krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, samyaktvamohanIya, mizramohanIya, evaM mithyAtvamohanIya karma kI prakRtiyoM kA upazama, kSaya athavA kSayopazama hone para AtmA meM bAhya-bhAvanA ke sthAna para AMtarika bhAvanA kI jAgRti hotI hai, aisI AtmAoM kI zraddhA aura ruci Izvara, mokSa, jJAna, darzana, cAritra kI ora honI prAraMbha ho jAtI hai, sAMsArika bhogoM ke prati udAsInatA ho jAtI hai, isa sthiti ko 'antarAtmabhAva' kahate haiM. yaha vikAsa kI sIDhI hai, AdhyAtmikatA kI nIMva hai ise hI jainadarzana meM 'samyaktva' kahate haiM. yaha sthiti cauthe guNasthAna se prArambha hokara vArahaveM guNasthAna taka rahatI hai. isa sthiti meM vibhinna AtmAoM kI pragati vibhinna prakAra kI hotI hai, kyoMki pratyeka AtmA kI vicAra-dhArA alaga-alaga hotI hai. AdhyAtmika-adhyavasAyoM kI zreNiyAM asaMkhyAta prakAra kI haiM, tadanusAra cauthe guNasthAna se vArahaveM guNasthAna taka ke avAntara bhedoM kI saMkhyA bhI asaMkhyAta prakAra kI haiM, parantu phira bhI pramukha zreNiyAM do prakAra kI kahI gaI haiM:kucha AtmAeM aisI hotI haiM jinakI vicAra-dhArA bhAbuka mAtra hotI hai. unakI kaSAya-bhAvanAeM, viSama-vAsanAeM, dhanamUr3hatA Adi tAmasa vRttiyAM mUla se kSINa nahIM hotI haiM, kintu vAtAvaraNa tathA kucha bAhya saMyogoM se daba jAtI haiM. inakA bIja tathA inakI vizAlatA jyoM kI tyoM avyakta rUpa meM bhItara chipI rahatI hai. kevala vAhya rUpa se zAMti dikhAI detI hai ise jaina-darzana meM "upazama avasthA" kahA gayA hai. isa avasthA ke viparIta jina AtmAoM meM kaSAya, vAsanA, moha, mUr3hatA Adi tAmasa tathA rAjasa vRttiyAM jar3a-mUla se kSINa ho jAtI haiM, jinake punaH udaya hone kI athavA puna: vikasita hone kI koI saMbhAvanA nahIM rahatI hai, aisI AtmAe~ hI vAstava meM pUrNa vikAsa kara sakatI haiM. aisI sthiti ko jaina-darzana meM 'kSaya avasthA' kahA gayA hai. uparokta donoM prakAra kI avasthAoM ke liye pAribhASika saMjJA krama se 'aupazamika samyaktva' tathA 'kSAyika samyaktva' hai. kSAyika samyaktva kA utkRStama vikAsa kramaza: bArahaveM, terahaveM aura caudahaveM guNasthAna meM hotA hai. isa prakAra antarAtmabhAva do mArgoM se vikAsa ko prApta hotA hai, eka upazamamArga se aura dUsarA kSayamArga se. upazamamArga se calane vAlI AtmA adhika se adhika nyArahaveM guNasthAna taka jAkara lauTa jAtI hai. isa prakAra upazamamArgI AtmA bahirAtma-bhAva tathA antarAtma-bhAva meM hI cakkara lagAyA karatI hai aura Age nahIM bar3ha pAtI hai, kintu kSAyika mArgagAmI AtmA antarAtma-bhAva dvArA Age vikAsa karatI huI apane mUla svarUpa kI ora bar3hatI hI calI jAtI hai. aura 'paramAtma-bhAva' ko prApta kara letI hai. isa avasthA ko jana-zAstroM meM terahavAM tathA caudahavA~ guNasthAna kahA gayA hai. isa avasthA ko prApta AtmA pUrNa rUpa se 'kRtakRtya' ho jAtA hai aura sadaiva ke lie apane paramadhyeya Izvaratva ko prApta kara letA hai. jaina-darzana meM yahI 'arihaMta' avasthA kahalAtI hai. yaha avasthA paripUrNa paramAtmatattva kI yA siddha-svarUpa kI hI pUrvavartI paryAya hai. bhAranIya darzanoM ke anusAra ise hI 'AtmA kI pUrNatA' kahate haiM. isa prakAra AtmA kI tIna sthitiyA~ batalAI gaI haiM, (1) bahirAtma-bhAva, (2) antarAtma-bhAva aura (3) paramAtmabhAva. antarAtma-bhAva se paramAtma-bhAva kI ora bar3hate-bar3hate AtmA ko aneka sthitiyoM meM se gujaranA par3hatA hai. sabase prathama to moha kI jo durbhedya granthi hai, usako tor3anA par3atA hai. isa graMthi ko tor3e vinA Age AtmA bar3ha hI nahIM sakatA hai. ise tor3ane ke lie mahAn AdhyAtmika prayatna karanA par3atA hai. aisI AtmA ko hRdaya meM vikasita tAmasa evaM rAjasa vRttiyoM se ghora saMgharSa karanA par3atA hai. jabardasta rassA-kazI calatI hai. isa saMgharSa meM aniSTa vRttiyAM to Jain Education Interiona vate & Personal Use wweinelibrary-40
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________________ 400 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya -0--0--0-0-0-0-0--0-0-0 AtmA ko sAMsArika bhogoM kI bhIra khIMcatI haiM, indriyoM ko tathA mana ko lalacAtI haiM aura sAtvika vRttiyA~ AtmA ko ucca bhAvanAoM kI ora AkarSita karatI haiM. isa saMgharSa meM yadi AtmA nirbala huI to aniSTa vRttiyoM kI jIta ho jAtI hai aura usakA vikAsa ruka jAtA hai aura yadi AtmA prabala huI to sAtvika vRttiyoM kI vijaya hotI hai. isa prakAra ke utAra-car3hAva ko AdhyAtmika-sAhitya meM 'vRti-saMgharSa' athavA 'bhAvanA-yuda' kahate haiM. zaitAna vRttiyoM meM evaM sAtvika vRttiyoM ke pArasparika saMgharSa ke bAda yadi sAtvika vRttiyoM kI jIta ho jAtI hai to yaha ghaTanA AtmA ke liye parama saubhAgya rUpa mAnI jAtI hai. ise jaina-zAstroM meM apUrvakaraNa saMjJA dI gaI hai. anAdi kAla se paribhramaNa karate hue jIva ke liye yaha prathama hI prasaMga hotA hai aura isIliye zAstrakAroM ne isakA 'apUrvakaraNa' nAma prasthApita kiyA hai. apUrvakaraNa kI sthiti meM avasthita AtmA kI bhAvanA prazasta ho jAtI hai, aura jaba usakI pragati vikAsa kI ora hI rahatI hai to usa vikAsonmukha pravRtti ke liye janadarzana meM 'yathA-pravRtti-karaNa' nAma pradAna kiyA gayA hai. jaba AtmA meM 'apUrvakaraNa' tathA 'yathApravRttikaraNa' kA udaya ho jAtA hai, taba AtmA meM rahI huI moha kI gAMTha AtyaMtika rUpa se chUTa jAtI hai, zaitAna vRttiyoM kA nAza ho jAtA hai. AtmA kI aisI atyanta mahattvapUrNa sthiti ke liye jainAcAryoM ne anivRttikaraNa nAma nirdhArita kiyA hai. Upara ullikhita antarAtma-bhAva se paramAtma-bhAva taka pahu~cane ke liye kisI uttamottama AtmA ko to bahuta thor3A samaya lagatA hai aura kisI-kisI AtmA ko bahuta adhika samaya bhI laga jAtA hai. mokSagAmI evaM mokSagata AtmAoM ke itihAsa meM aise aneka udAharaNa vidyamAna haiM, jinase vidita hotA hai ki koI-koI bhavya AtmA to kucha ghanToM, mahInoM athavA varSoM meM hI paramAtma-bhAva ko prApta kara lete haiM. jaba ki aneka AtmA saMkhyAta varSoM meM, asaMkhyAta varSoM meM athavA anaMta kAla meM paramAtma bhAva ko prApta kara pAte haiN| gajasukumAra, marudevI, bharatacakravartI, elAyacIkumAra, arjunamAlI Adi ke dRSTAnta jaina-AgamoM meM upalabdha haiM, jo prathama bAta kA samarthana karate haiM. dvitIya bAta ke samarthana ke liye brahmadatta cakravartI Adi ke udAharaNa dekhe jA sakate haiM. isa prakAra AtmavAda ke vikAsa ke sambandha meM yaha eka mananIya evaM ciMtanIya-subodha pATha hai. (7) prAtmavAda kA tAratamya (1) cArvAkadarzana ko chor3a kara zeSa sabhI bhAratIya-darzana AtmA ke astitva ke viSaya meM ekamata hai. usake svarUpa varNana meM evaM usakI vyAkhyA karane meM bhASA-bheda avazya pAyA jAtA hai, phira bhI usake astitva se koI inkAra nahIM karatA. (2) AtmA ke svarUpa, pradezoM, tathA amaratA tathA punarjanma ke sambandha meM prayukta kI gaI vivecanazailI meM bhinnatA hone para bhI sabhI bhAratIya darzanoM kA AtmavAda sambandhI dharAtala eka jaisA hI hai. (3) 'AtmA sAMsArika baMdhanoM se parimukta hokara mokSa prApta karatI hai, evaM sampUrNa IzvarIya zakti ke rUpa meM isakA saMvikAsa hotA hai.' isa viSaya meM bhI sabhI bhAratIya darzanoM meM ekatA dikhAI detI hai. (3) Izvara-svarUpa ke sambandha meM bhAratIya-darzanoM kA dRSTikoNa ulajhA huA pratIta hotA hai yaha aspaSTa evaM kalpanAoM se bharA huA hai. phira bhI Izvara kI sattA kA svIkAra sabhI bhAratIya darzana karate haiM. - (5) sabhI bhAratIya darzana pratyakSa rUpa se athavA parokSa rUpa se yaha varNana avazya karate haiM ki ajJeya svarUpa vAle Jain Edupon the or Private & Hechal lose only www.ainelibrary.org
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________________ ratanalAla saMghavI : bhAratIya darzanoM meM AtmavAda : 401 Izvara-tattva ke sAtha Atma-tattva kA kisI na kisI prakAra se sambandha avazya hai. donoM kA pRthak-pRthak astitva hote hue bhI Azcarya hai ki donoM kA maulika svarUpa samAna hai. (6) sabhI bhAratIya darzanoM ne Atma-tattva ko cetanAmaya, jJAnamaya, aura anubhUti-zakti-saMpanna svIkAra kiyA hai. isase nizcaya hotA hai ki bhAratIya darzana kA cintana mUla meM eka jaisA hI hai. yaha hai bhAratIya-darzanoM meM AtmavAda kA sundara siddhAMta. 'sat, cit aura Ananda' kI prApti karanA hI isakA mUla dhyeya hai tathA ciraMtana satya kA anusaMdhAna karate hue Atma-tattva kA jo 'ziva-svarUpa' hai usake madhura saMdarzana karane meM hI yaha bhAratIya darzana samUha apane Apa ko kRtakRtya mAnatA hai. 6-0-0------------------ Jain Education Intemational
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________________ apane mUlabhUta siddhAntoM ke vaiziSTya ke kAraNa jainadarzana bhAratIya darzanoM meM apanA viziSTa mahattva rakhatA hai. jainadarzana ke anusAra vedoM ko paurUSeya mAnA gayA hai tathA jainadarzana Izvara ko sRSTikartA svIkAra nahIM karatA. yahI kAraNa hai ki usa para nAstikatA kA Aropa kiyA hai. jainadarzana ke samAna bauddhadarzana evaM cArvAkadarzana bhI vedoM ko pramANa svIkAra nahIM karate. ataH unakI gaNanA bhI nAstika darzanoM meM kI gaI hai. kintu jainadarzana meM aneka aise siddhAntoM kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai jinake AdhAra para usakI AstikatA svataH hI siddha ho jAtI hai. unhIM siddhAntoM meM se eka 'karma siddhAnta' bhI hai. vaise to karma - siddhAnta ko anya SaDdarzana ke sAtha bauddha darzana ne bhI svIkAra kiyA hai, kintu apanI vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa jainadarzana dvArA pratipAdita 'karma siddhAnta' apanA vizeSa mahattva rakhatA hai. jaina graMthoM meM karma siddhAnta kA jaisA sAMgopAMga, tarkasaMgata aura vaijJAnika vivecana milatA hai, anyatra kahIM bhI dRSTigocara nahIM hotA. zrIrAjakumAra jaina, darzanAyurvedAcArya karma svarUpa aura baMdha karmasiddhAnta sambandhI viSaya itanA gahana evaM vistRta hai ki eka choTe se nibaMdha meM usakA sampUrNataH pratipAdana sambhava nahIM hai ataH sAmAnyataH karma kyA hai aura usakA AtmA ke sAtha kaise aura kyoM sambandha hotA hai ? isakA atyanta saMkSipta svarUpa prastuta lekha meM pratipAdita karane kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai. jainadarzana ke anusAra pratyeka saMsArI AtmA karmoM se baddha hai. karma ke pAza meM AtmA vaise hI baMdhI huI hai, jaise jaMjIroM se kisI ko bAMdha diyA jAtA hai. yaha karmabandhana AtmA ko kisI amuka samaya meM nahIM huA. apitu anAdikAla se hai. jaise -- khAna se sonA zuddha nahIM nikalatA apitu aneka maloM (azuddhiyoM) se yukta nikalatA hai, vaise hI saMsArI AtmAe~ bhI karmabandhanoM se jakar3I huI hI rahI haiM. yadi AtmAeM kisI bhUtakAla meM zuddha hotI to phira unake karma bandhana nahIM ho sakatA. kyoMki zuddha AtmA mukta hotA hai. AtmA kI mukti ke anantara karmabandhana sambhava nahIM. AtmA ke karmabandhana ke liye Antarika azuddhi Avazyaka haiM. zuddha AtmA ke liye azuddhi kA prazna hI nahIM uThatA. azuddhi ke vinA karmabandha kA bhI prazna nahIM uThatA. yadi azuddhi ke vinA bhI karma bandhana hone lage to, mukti ko prApta AtmAoM ko bhI karma bandhana kA prasaMga upasthita ho jAyagA. aisI avasthA meM AtmA kI mukti ke lie prayatna karanA ho jAyagA. anAdi kAla se AtmA kA karmabandha aura usakA saMsAra kI vividha gatiyoM meM janma lenA, isakA pratipAdana AcArya zrI kundakunda ne 'paMcAstikAya' nAmaka grantha meM bar3e hI sundara DhaMga se kiyA hai : jo saMsAra jIvo to hodi pariNAmo bu pariNAmAdo kammoda gadimu gdii| gadimadhigasya dehI dehAdivAsi jAyate tehi du visayahaNaM tatto rAgo vA doso vA / jAyadi jIvassevaM bhAvo saMsAracakka vAlammi, idi pare bhaNido ahAdikhiyo sahiyA / For Private&Tersonal Use Only
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________________ rAjakumAra jaina : karma svarUpa aura baMdha : 403 arthAt jo jIva saMsAra meM sthita hai, arthAt janma aura maraNa ke cakkara meM par3A huA hai, usake rAga rUpa aura pariNAma hote haiM. una pariNAmoM se nae karma baMdhate haiM. karmoM se vibhinna gatiyoM meM janma lenA par3atA hai. janma lene se zarIra milatA hai. zarIra meM indriyA~ hotI haiM. indriyoM se viSayoM kA grahaNa hotA hai. jIva viSayoM ko grahaNa karane se iSTa viSayoM meM rAga aura aniSTa viSayoM se dveSa karatA hai. isa prakAra saMsAra rUpI cakrakAla meM par3e hue jIva ke bhAvoM se karmabandha aura karmabandha se rAga-dveSa rUpa bhAva hote rahate haiM. yaha cakra abhavya jIva kI apekSA se anAdi ananta hai aura bhavya jIva kI apekSA se anAdi sAnta hai. sAmAnya rUpa se jo bhI kucha kiyA jAtA hai vaha karma kahalAtA hai. isa saMsAra meM samasta prANI kriyAzIla rahate haiM, manuSya bhI apane vyaktigata dainika jIvana meM aneka prakAra kI kriyAoM ko karatA hai. vividha prakAra kI ye kriyAeM hI sAdhAraNatayA karma kahalAtI haiM. prANI jaisA karma karatA hai vaha vaise hI phala kA bhAgI hotA hai. karma ke anusAra phala ko bhoganA niyati kA kama hai. karmasiddhAMta ko jaina, sAkhya, yoga, naiyAyika, vaizeSika aura mImAMsaka Adi AtmavAdI darzana to mAnate hI haiM, kintu anAtmavAdI evaM anIzvaravAdI donoM hI isa viSaya meM eka mata haiM. karma siddhAnta ko svIkAra karane meM yadyapi cArvAka darzana ke atirikta samasta darzanoM meM mataikya hai, tathApi karma ke phalasvarUpa evaM usake phala dene ke sambandha meM IzvaravAdI evaM anIvazvAdI donoM meM maulika matabheda hai. Upara karma ke viSaya meM sAmAnya rUpa se kahA jA cukA hai ki jo kucha kiyA jAtA hai, vaha karma hai. isake antargata manuSya kI vyaktigata dainika kriyAoM kA bhI samAveza ho jAtA hai. jaise khAnA, pInA, uThanA, baiThanA. socanA, vicAranA, haMsanA calanA, phiranA, bolanA, khelanA, kUdanA, gAnA, bajAnA Adi. manuSya jo bhI rAga yA dveSa ke vazIbhUta hokara karatA hai usI ke anusAra use phala milatA hai. paraloka mAnane vAle darzanoM ke anusAra manuSya dvArA karma kiye jAne ke uparAMta ve karma jIva ke sAtha apanA saMskAra chor3a jAte haiM. ye saMskAra hI bhaviSya meM prANI ko apane pUrvakRta karma ke anusAra phala dete haiM. pUrvakRta karma ke saMskAra, acche karma kA phala acchA evaM bure karma kA phala burA dete haiM. pUrvakRta karma apanA jo saMskAra chor3a jAte haiM aura una saMskAroM dvArA jo pravRtti hotI hai usameM mUla kAraNa rAga yA dveSa hotA hai kisI bhI karma kI pravRtti rAga yA dveSa ke abhAva meM asambhAvita hai aura jaba sambhava hotI hai to karmabandha janaka nahIM hotI hai. ataH saMskAra dvArA pravRtti evaM pravRtti dvArA saMskAra kI paramparA anAdikAla se calI A rahI hai. yaha paramparA athavA cakravat paribhramaNa hI saMsAra kahalAtA hai. karma, saMskAra evaM pravRtti kI paramparA tathA saMsAra cakra ke vicAroM kA digdarzana hameM prAyaH darzanoM meM prApta hotA hai. kintu jainadarzana ke vicAra meM pUrvokta vicAroM se kucha bhinnatA hai. jainadarzana ke anusAra karma saMskAramAtra hI nahIM hai apitu eka vastubhuta padArtha hai jise kArmaNajAti ke dalika yA pudgala mAnA gayA hai. ve dalika rAgI, dveSI jIva kI kriyA se AkRSTa hokara jIva ke sAtha dUdha-pAnI kI taraha mila jAte haiM. yadyapi ve dalika bhautika haiM, tathApi jIva ke karma arthAt kriyA dvArA AkRSTa hokara jIva ke sAtha ekameka ho jAte haiM. kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki jo bhI karma kiyA jAtA hai, vaha jIva yA AtmA ke sAtha saMyukta ho jAtA hai aura taba taka saMyukta rahatA hai jaba taka ki vaha apanA phala nahIM de detA. isa prakAra prANI dvArA kiyA gayA koI bhI karma AtmA se pRthak nahIM rahatA. saMsAra meM karma se ghire hue AtmA kI sthiti ThIka vaisI hI rahatI hai jaise ki jAla meM phaMsI huI machalI kI athavA lohe ke sIMkhacoM vAle piMjare meM banda siMha kI. anya darzanoM ne karma ko kSaNika mAnakara usake saMskAra ko sthAyI mAnA hai. ataH karma kI sattA to kriyA karane ke bAda hI samApta ho jAtI hai, kintu usakA saMskAra hI sthAyI rUpa se AtmA ke sAtha rahatA hai. jainadharma meM yahA~ kucha matabheda hai. vastusthiti yaha hai ki karma eka vastubhUta padArtha hai aura vaha rAga dveSa athavA bhAva se yukta jIva dvArA kI gaI kriyA se AkRSTa hokara usameM (jIva meM) mila jAtA hai. kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki rAga, dveSa se yukta jIva kI pratyeka mAnasika vAcanika aura kAyika kriyA ke sAtha eka dravya jIva meM AtA hai jo usake rAgadveSa rUpa bhAvoM kA nimitta pAkara usase 299 kATha9 Jain Luca A brary.org
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________________ -0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0 404 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya bandha jAtA hai aura Age jAkara acchA yA burA phala detA hai. isI bAta kA spaSTIkaraNa nimna rUpa se kiyA gayA hai pariNamadi jadA appA suhammi asuhammi rAgadosajudo , taM pavisadi kammarayaM NANAvaraNAdibhAvehiM / --pravacanasAra arthAt jaba rAga, dveSa se yukta AtmA acche yA bure kAmoM meM pariNata hotA hai taba karma rUpI raja jJAnAvaraNAdi rUpa se usameM praveza karatI hai. isase yaha spaSTa hai ki karma eka mUrtika padArtha hai jo jIva ke sAtha baMdha jAtA hai. yahA~ eka aisI AzaMkA uTha khar3I hotI hai ki karma mUrtika hai evaM AtmA amUrtika. ataH donoM kA bandha sambhava nahIM. mUrtika ke sAtha mUrtika kA baMdha to ho sakatA hai kintu amUrtika ke sAtha mUrtika kA bandha kaise ho sakatA hai ? isakA samAdhAna yahI hai ki anya darzanoM kI bhAMti jainadarzana bhI jIva aura karma ke sambandha ko anAdi mAnatA hai. saMsArI jIva anAdi kAla se mUrtika karmoM se ba~dhA huA hai aura isIlie vaha bhI mUrtika ho rahA hai, jaisA ki 'dravya saMgraha' meM spaSTataH kahA hai vaNNa rasa paMca gaMdhA do phAsA aTuNicciyA jIve , No saMti amutti tado vavahArA mutti bNdhaado| arthAt vAstava meM jIva meM pAMcoM rUpa, pA~coM rasa, donoM gandha aura AThoM sparza nahIM rahate, isalie vaha amUrtika hai. jainadarzana meM rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparza guNa vAlI vastu ko mUrtika kahA hai. kintu anAdi karma bandha ke kAraNa vyavahAra meM jIva mUrtika hai. ataH kathaMcit mUrtika AtmA ke sAtha mUrtika karma dravya kA sambandha hotA hai. sArAMza yaha hai ki karma ke do bheda haiM-dravyakarma aura bhAvakarma. jIva se sambandha karma pudgala ko dravya karma kahate haiM aura dravya karma ke prabhAva se hone vAle jIva ke rAga-dveSa rUpa bhAvoM ko bhAvakarma kahate haiM. dravyakarma bhAvakarma kA kAraNa hai aura bhAvakarma dravyakarma kA kAraNa hai. dravyakarma ke vinA bhAvakarma aura bhAvakarma ke vinA dravyakarma nahIM hote haiM. ina karmoM kA bandha hI jIva ke janma maraNa evaM vividha gatiyoM meM paribhramaNa kA kAraNa hai. isa prakAra AtmA aura karma kA sambandha anAdi kAla se cakravat calA A rahA hai. TIVITUTinni
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________________ zrIjainendrakumAra praznottara : aparigraha praznakAra-kumAra satyadarzI prazna-ApakI paribhASA ke anusAra parigraha kyA hai ? uttara--jo hamArI antazcetanA ko pakar3e aura roke, usa vastu rUpa bAdhA ko parigraha kaha sakate haiM. pra0- antazcetanA Apa kise kahate hai ? u0--AdamI nizcetana to hai nahIM, aura yadi cetana hai to usake caitanya kA adhiSThAna usase bAhara kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai ? 'antazcetanA' isalie kahA hai ki cetanA ke aneka stara hote haiM. apane hI srota se sphUrta ho, pratikriyAtmaka na ho, isalie 'antas' kA vizeSaNa hai. pra0-kyA Apa bAhya aura Antarika parigraha ke bheda bhI mAnate haiM ? u0-bhAva aura dravya kA bheda mAnane se samajha ko subhItA hotA hai. para sAra sadA Antarika hai. arthAt parigraha ko mUrchAbhAva meM mAnanA adhika sArthaka hogA. pra0-gRha-parivAra meM rahakara bhI Apa apane ko mUrchA-svarUpa parigraha se rahita mAnate haiM ? u0-nahIM. maiM aparigraha kA vizvAsI hU~, aparigrahI pUrA nahIM. lekina yaha isa makAna ke nimitta se nahIM. jaMgala meM baiThA rahUM to bhI andara se tRSNAta huA to jaMgala merI madada nahIM kara pAyegA. pazu to vahA~ hI rahatA hai, kyA vaha aparigrahI hai ? pra0-aparigrahI hone ke lie vastu kA tyAga apekSita nahIM hai, to atIta meM jo RSi-muni hue haiM, unhoMne jAgatika vastuoM se nAtA tor3a kara ekAnta meM rahanA pasanda kiyA thA, kyA unake lie aisA karanA anivArya nahIM thA ? u0-tyAga-tapasyA meM bAhubalI kI kauna samatA kara sakatA hai ? lekina mukti unheM nahIM milI, jaba taka andara meM zalya banI rahI. vastu kA nitAnta parihAra ho nahIM sakatA. vastu apanI jagaha hai, usakA nAza saMbhava nahIM . vastu se agara hama apane ko bacAte haiM to Akhira kisa lie ? isIlie na ki vastu hama para hAvI na ho. aura hamArI AtmatA ko na DhaMke isa koNa se dekheM to vastu ko lene athavA chor3a dene, ina donoM hI dRSTiyoM meM vastu ko pradhAnatA mila jAtI hai. isalie tyAga-tapasyA meM apane Apa meM koI mukti samAviSTa nahIM hai. vastu kI nirbharatA se Upara uThane kI dRSTi se amuka sAdhanA yA abhyAsa kiyA jA sakatA hai. lekina abhyAsa sAdhanA hai, sAdhya nahIM hai. aparigraha kA nitAnta zuddha rUpa hai kaivalya. kaivalya kI sthiti para tIrthakara ke lie samavamaraNa kI racanA ho jAtI hai. samavasaraNa ke aizvarya kA kyA ThikAnA hai ! lekina kyA usase tIrthaMkara ke kaivalya meM koI truTi par3atI hai ? yA aparigraha para koI vikAra AtA hai ? vyakti aura vastu ke bIca sarvathA asambaddhatA nahIM ho sakatI. sArA jagat sAmane par3A hai, kyA aparigrahI usako dekhane se iMkAra karegA? dekhanA bhI eka prakAra kA sambandha hai. dRSTi samyak vaha nahIM haiM. jo vastu-maya jagat ko dekha Jain Eduction Intemational FOR Pivate Panama USA wwwaantali
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________________ 1-0-0-0 406 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya nahIM pAtI, samyak dRSTi vaha hai jo vastu meM rukatI nahIM hai. jo ruka sakatI hai vahI dRSTi vastu se vimukha hone kI soca sakatI hai, yaha vijJAna siddha dRSTi nahIM kahalAyegI, balki sIdhe yA ulTe artha meM vimUDha dRSTi samajhI jAyegI. vastu aura vyakti ke bIca samIcIna sambandha ko siddha karane vAlA hotA hai- aparigraha. vastu ke Dara se vyakti ko hIna aura rahita banAnA usakA iSTa nahIM hai. sAmane vaha dIna aura daridra hai, vastu ke nAma para usake Asa-pAsa abhAva hI abhAva hai, kyA Apa usako aparigrahI kaha sakegeM ? nahIM, usako dIna aura daridra isalie kahanA hotA hai ki bAharI abhAva ke kAraNa usakA mana vastu ke prati aura bhI grasta aura lubdha hotA hai, Upara se nitAnta nagna hote huye bhI vaha bhItara se kAtara aura lolupa ho sakatA hai. aparigraha meM vastu kA lobha va bhaya bhI samApta ho jAtA hai. Atma cetanA sarvathA svayaM nirbhara ho jAtI hai. usameM se vastu ke prati eka vibhutA aura isalie nizcintatA prApta hotI hai, adhInatA aura cintA nahIM. dUsare zabdoM meM aparigraha abhAvAtmaka nahIM, sadbhAvAtmaka bhAva hai, arthAt aparigraha meM vastu ke prati ruSTa vimukhatA nahIM hotI, balki prasanna muktatA hotI hai. vastu kI apekSA meM jo apane ko dIna anubhava karatA hai vaha kabhI aparigrahI nahIM ho sakatA. aparigrahI to vaha hai jo Atma sampannatA meM bharapUra ho. pra0--- manuSya kA kArya vastu ke dvArA sampanna hotA hai arthAt dainika kArya calAne ke lie vastu kI AvazyakatA hotI hai. AvazyakatA hai to prayatna bhI karane hoMge. kyA usa prayatna ko dInatA kahA jA sakatA hai ? u0- hA~, samagra dRSTi yadi vastu meM ghirI ho aura prayatna usI para kendrita ho to dainyabhAva mAnA jAyegA. sAMsa hama anAyAsa lete haiM. usake lie prayatna karanA par3atA hai taba sAMsa kA roga kahalAtA hai. prANavAyu to bahuM ora hai, lekina jaba use bhItara lene ke lie prayatna karanA par3atA hai to mAnanA cAhie ki svAsthya nirbala hai aura phephar3e niroga nahIM haiM. antazcaitanya se yukta aura pravRtta vyakti kI AvazyakatAeM anAyAsa pUrNa ho jAtI haiM, prayatna-hInatA meM se pUrNa nahI hotI, kevala vaha puruSArthaM vastu-mukhI nahIM hotA hai, citprerita aura cinmukha hotA hai. lAkha prayatna karane para bhI koI itanA vastu vaibhava nahIM pA sakatA ki samavasaraNa kI racanA kara sake. vahI tIrthaMkara ke liye anAyAsa prastuta ho jAtA hai. yaha mahimA prayatna kI nahIM hai, aparigraha kI hai. maiM nahIM mAnatA ki Atmacaitanya meM se jagat kA lAbha nahIM hotA hai. usa jagat-lAbha yA arthalAbha meM yadi kucha bAdhA banatA hai to cIjoM para muTThI ko bAMdhane kA lobha bAdhA banatA hai, anyathA jo sarvathA apanI AtmA ko pA letA hai, sArA hI vastujagat usakA apanA ho jAtA hai. tyAgane bhAgane kI kahIM jarUrata hI nahIM raha jAtI hai. prazna- samavasaraNa ke prasaMga meM Apane jo kucha kahA vaha ThIka hai. tIrthaMkara ko usake liye koI prayatna nahIM karanA hotA. sunA jAtA hai ki devagaNa hI samavasaraNa kI racanA karate haiM. parantu tIrthaMkara ke Adeza kA ullaMghana kauna kara sakatA hai ? taba kyA ve devatAoM ko samavasaraNa kI racanA karane se inkAra nahIM kara sakate the ? jabaki samavasaraNa racane meM ADambara pratyakSa hI hai. uttara - kaivalya prApta hone se pahale sAdhaka avasthA meM vaisA varjanabhAva rahA hI hogA. vaha AvazyakatA kaivalya-lAbha ke anaMtara yadi nizzeSa ho jAtI ho to vizeSa vismaya kI bAta nahIM hai. prazna yahAM yaha nahIM hai ki kyA tIrthaMkara ko samavasaraNa kI racanA se devatAoM ko varjita nahIM kara denA cAhiye thA ? prazna aparigraha kA hai aura isa udAharaNa ke ullekha se jo maiM vyakta karanA cAhatA hUM vaha itanA hI ki aparigraha meM se anAyAsa vastu kI vibhutA kA lAbha ho AtA hai. muktatA usa vibhutA kA hI rUpa hai, aura aparigraha sacce artha meM koI abhAvAtmaka saMjJA nahIM hai. mAna lIjie ki tIrthaMkara samavasaraNa ke nirmANa ko apane liye asvIkAra kara dete haiM to usase yahI to siddha hotA hai| vara vara vara vara vara ha For Private Personal Use Only
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________________ ----------------- jainendrakumAra : aparigraha : 407 ki vibhutA aura bhI bar3hI-car3hI hai. aura unakA antaraMga isa vibhUti-bhAva se sarvathA prakAzita aura vastunirapekSa hai. hama jaba aparigraha ko vastu ke parimANa ke hisAba se nApate haiM to kahanA cAhie ki AtmA kA mUlya vastu kI apekSA meM AMkate haiM. pAMca lAkha kA kisI ne makAna chor3A to mAno pAMca lAkha aMkoM kI aparigrahatA prApta kara lI. aparigraha kI isa AMkika upalabdhi ke liye jo vastu kA tyAga jAhira kiyA jAtA hai, ho sakatA hai vaha andara se yaza-pratiSThA ke parigraha kA lobha hI ho. vastu se jaba hama aham bhAva se jur3e hote haiM tabhI hama usake varjana aura tyajana kI bhASA meM bAta kiyA karate haiM. vastu ke sAtha sambandha mithyA-daSTi kA na ho, yadi samyaka-dRSTi kA ho jAye to varjana-tarjana kI donoM bhASAeM eka-sI visaMgata ho jAyegI. mukti meM bhI kahIM tyAga kI saMgati raha jAtI hai ? sIDhI ke hara DaNDe ko chor3anA par3atA hai, jaba taka sIr3I hai. chata para Agae taba chor3ane ko raha kyA jAyegA ? prazna- kaivalya prApta hone ke pazcAt mahAbIra ne tIrtha kI sthApanA kara pravRtti karma kA paricaya diyA thA. jaba pUrNatva prApta ho gayA taba pravRtti kI AvazkatA unheM kyoM par3I ? samAja sudhAra ke anya prayatna ve apane sAdhanAkAla ke sAr3e bAraha varSoM meM bhI kara sakate the. tIrthakaratva prApta hone ke pazcAt ve pravRtti ke prapaMca meM kyoM par3e? yadi nivRttike pazcAt pravRtti kA krama ho to rAjakumAra varddhamAna hI kyA, pratyeka manuSya kA karma pravRtti meM hai hI. pahale nivRtti aura phira pravRtti; isase acchA to yahI na hai ki vaha jo pravRtti karatA hai, karatA calA jAye, kyoMki nivRtti-sAdhanA kara lene ke pazcAt bhI antata: pratyeka sAdhaka ko pravRtti karanI par3atI hai isase acchA to yahI hai ki vaha nivRtti ke zUnyavAda meM hI na bhaTake. uttara--nivRtti-pravRtti ke zabdoM kI jor3I ko Apa apane liye vRthA jhamelA na banAyeM. nivRtti jisake aMtaraMga meM nahIM vaha pravRtti utanI hI caMcala aura niSphala hotI hai. maiM ina donoM zabdoM ko paraspara virodha meM nahIM dekhatA hUM, pahale pIle kI bhASA bhI mujhe kucha vizeSa saMgata mAlUma nahIM hotI hai. bAda meM yadi pravRtti A gaI ho to zurU meM hI nivRtti kyoM ? yaha ApakA prazna isa bhrama meM se banatA hai ki ye donoM paraspara ko kATane vAlI saMjJAyeM haiM aura eka samaya meM eka hI ho sakatI hai. vastutaH aisA nahIM hai. dukha kI anubhUti saba meM hai. isa anubhUti ko nivRttiparaka mAnA jAyegA. aba isI vyathAnubhUti meM se pravRtti nikalatI hai. jitanI vaha apane nivRttisrota se saMyukta hogI utanI hI vaha pravRtti phaladAyaka hogI. nivRttimaya pravRtti muktidAyaka ho sakatI hai, aura jitanA unameM vaimukhya aura vaiparItya hogA utanI hI baMdhanakAraka. aparigrahI, ahiMsaka, anAsakta karma-saMyukta hotA hai. jo jitanA viyukta hai, arthAt AtmavyathA ke svIkAra meM se nahIM balki ahaMkRta iMkAra meM se nikalatA hai vaha utanA hI Asakta hrasva aura vyartha hotA jAtA hai.. tIrthakara kI pravRtti zAyada phala na lAtI agara unheM antaraMga meM nivRtti hI siddha na huI hotI. yajJa-hiMsA ke virodha meM kahIM unakA ahaMbhAva milA hotA to kyA usakA utanA phala A sakatA thA? bhItara se nivRtta ho gaye, zuddha karuNA kI preraNA meM se zabda aura karma utkRSTa hue isI se pariNAma bhI AsakA hogA anyathA Upara se kI jAne vAlI pravRtti kevala asthiratA kA dUsarA rUpa ho jAtA hai. usameM tejasvitA aura amoghatA nahIM AtI. prazna-parArthamUlaka pravRtti kA artha kyA hai ? parArthamUlaka pravRtti ke dvArA yadi uddezya kI upalabdhi hotI hai to vaha bhI eka svArtha-pravRtti hai. svArthamUlaka pravRtti yadi ekAnta pravRtti hai to jaba vaha parArtha ke liye hotI hai taba nivRttimUlaka kaise ho jAtI hai ? uttara-aba Apa sva-para zabda kI jor3I ke cakkara meM par3a gaye. vyathA meM 'sva' kI sImA dhula jAtI hai. isaliye usa sRjanakarma se sva-para kA abheda siddha hotA hai. karuNA mUlaka aura aham mUlaka pravRtti meM yahI antara hai. karuNAmUlaka karma meM upakAra, uddhAra yA rakSA kI dRSTi arthAt-parArtha-dRSTi utanI nahIM hotI. svArtha parArtha ke Age maiM tIsarA zabda sujhAtA hU~--paramArtha yahA~ para bheda miTa jAtA hai aura svArtha-parArtha kA paramArtha meM samanvaya ho jAtA hai. svArtha ahaMkRta hotA hai, usI taraha parArtha bhI ahaMkRta huA karatA hai. upakAra adhikAMza usI bhUla ke kAraNa aMta meM apakAra bana jAtA hai. jo cAhie vaha akarma hai, arthAt aisA karma jisameM kartRtva na ho. usI ko dUsare zabdoM meM nivRtti-mUlaka karna kaha dIjie. karmanirjarA karmahInatA meM se nahIM varan pracaNDa puruSArtha meM se hI phalita ho sakatI hai. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ paM0 cainasukhadAsa nyAyatIrtha jainadharma meM bhaktiyoga bhakti eka prakAra kA yoga hai, kintu 'bhaktiyoga' zabda kA prayoga jainazAstroM meM dekhane meM nahIM AyA. jabaki bhakti zabda kA prayoga yatra-tatra bahulatA se huA hai. karmayoga yA niSkAma karmayoga kI taraha bhaktiyoga bhI eka siddhAnta hai aura usakA aucitya tarkasiddha hai. yoga evaM bhakti zabda kA artha yoga' zabda ke aneka artha haiM. yahAM yoga kA artha prayoga athavA aprApta kI prApti hai. upAya yA rakSA kA sAdhana bhI yahA~ yoga zabda kA artha liyA jA sakatA hai. taba 'bhaktiyoga' zabda kA artha hogA Atmazuddhi ke liye bhakti kA prayoga, athavA bhakti ke dvArA aprApta ko prApta karanA, paramAtmA kA sAnidhya pAne ke liye bhakti sarvotkRSTa upAya hai evaM vaha burAiyoM se bacane kA sAdhana bhI hai. isalie yahA~ yoga kA artha upAya evaM saMnahana arthAt kavaca bhI kara sakate haiM. bhakti kA artha hai bhAva kI vizuddhi se yukta anurAga. jisa anurAga meM bhAva kI nirmalatA nahIM hotI vaha anurAga (prema) bhakti nahIM kahalA sakatA. sAMsArika anurAga meM vAsanA hotI hai isalie use bhakti kA rUpa nahIM diyA jA sakatA. paramAtmA santa yA zAstra Adi meM hone vAle vizuddha prema ko hI bhakti kahA jA sakatA haiM. bhakti kA bhAva utpanna hotA hai. jisakI bhakti kI jAtI hai usameM pahale pUjyabuddhi utpanna hotI hai. usakA kAraNa hai apane iSTa devatA Adi ke ve guNa jinheM bhakta prApta karanA cAhatA hai. bhakti kA lakSya jainabhakti kA lakSya vaiyaktika arthAt aihika svArtha nahIM hai, apitu Atmazuddhi hai. AtmA jaba paramAtmA bananA cAhatA hai taba usakA prArambhika prayatna bhakti ke rUpa meM hI hotA hai. bhakti AtmA ko paramAtmA banAne ke liye eka sarala evaM pakar3a sakane yogya mArga hai. khAsakara grahastha ke liye yaha mArga viSeSa rUpa se upAdeya hai. bhakti zubhopayoga kA kAraNa hai aura zubhopayoga se puNyabaMdha hotA hai. yadi bhakti meM phalAsakti na ho aura vaha pUrNatayA niSkAma ho to anta meM manuSya ko zuddhopayoga kI ora AkRSTa karane kA kAraNa bana sakatI hai jo mukti kA sAkSAt kAraNa hai. jainadharma guNa kA upAsaka hai jainadharma vyakti kA upAsaka nahIM apitu guNa kA upAsaka hai. vyakti kI upAsanA kA samarthana to karatA hai para usakA kAraNa bhI vyakti ke guNa hI haiM. vyakti svayaM meM kucha nahIM hai, usakI sArI mahattA kA kAraNa usake guNa haiM aura guNoM kI upAsanA kA prayojana bhI guNoM kI prApti hai. guNoM kI prApti ke liye hI bhakta upAsaka guNavAn upAsya ko apanA 1. yogaH samhanopAyacyAnasaMgatiyuktiSu-amarakoSa, tRtIya kAMDa nAnArthavarga, 22 zloka. yogo'pUrvArthasaMprAptI saMgatithyAnayuktiSu, vapuHsthairye prayoge ca viSkaMbhAdiSubheSaje, vizrabdhaghAtake dravyopAyasanhateSvavi. kArmaNe'pi ca medanI. 2. aIdAcIbahuzrutapravacaneSu bhAvavizuddhiyukto'nurAgo bhaktiH sarvArthasiddhiA .
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________________ cainasukhadAsa jaina : jainadharma meM bhaktiyoga : 406 Adarza mAnatA hai aura jisa vidhi se svayaM upAsya ne guNa prApta kiye usI vidhi se usa mArga ko apanAkara bhakta bhI upAsya ke guNoM ko prApta karanA cAhatA hai. yahI bhakti kA vAstavika dhyeya hai. isa sambandha meM nimnAMkita prAcIna ullekha bar3A hI mahattvapUrNa hai. mokSamArgasya netAraM bhattAraM karmabhUbhRtAm , jJAtAraM vizvatattvAnAM vande tadaguNalabdhaye / arthAt maiM mokSa mArga ke netA, karmarUpI parvatoM ke bhettA aura vizva tattvoM ke jJAtA ko usake guNoM kI prApti ke liye vaMdanA karatA hU~. yahA~ kisI khAsa vyakti ko praNAma nahIM hai apitu una guNoM ko dhAraNa karane vAle vyakti ko praNAma hai cAhe vaha koI bhI kyoM na ho. eka zvetAmbarAcArya bhI yahI kahate haiM bhavabIjAMkurajaladAH, rAgAdyAH kSayamupAgatA yasya , brahmA vA viSNurvA haro jino vA namastasmai / bhava-bIjAMkura ke liye megha ke samAna, rAgAdika saMpUrNa doSa jisake naSTa ho gaye haiM use merA praNAma hai phira cAhe vaha brahmA ho yA viSNu athavA mahAdeva ho yA jina. suprasiddha tArkika AcArya akalaMkadeva bhI guNopAsanA ke sambandha meM yahI kahate haiM yo vizvaM veda vedya jananajalanidhabhaMginaH pAradRzvA , paurvAparyA'viruddha vacanamanupamaM niSkalaMka yadIyam / taM vande sAdhuvaMdya nikhilaguNanidhi dhvastadoSadviSantaM , buddha vA vaddha mAnaM zatadalanilayaM kezavaM vA zivaM vA / jisane jAnane yogya saba kucha jAna liyA hai, jo janma rUpI samudra kI taraMgoM ke pAra pahu~ca gayA hai, jisake vacana doSarahita, anupama aura pUrvApara virodha rahita haiM, jisane apane sAre doSoM kA vidhvaMsa kara diyA hai aura isIlie jo saMpUrNa guNoM kA bhaMDAra bana gayA hai tathA isI hetu se jo saMtoM dvArA vaMdanIya hai, maiM usakI vaMdanA karatA hU~ cAhe vaha koI bhI ho-buddha ho, varddhamAna ho, brahmA ho, viSNu ho athavA mahAdeva ho.. ye saba udAharaNa hameM yaha batalAte haiM ki bhakti ke sthAna guNa haiM, vyakti nahIM. isalie jainadarzana bhakti kA AdhAra guNoM ko mAnatA hai. yadi paramAtmA kI bhakti karane se koI paramAtmA nahIM bana sakatA to phira usakI bhakti kA prayojana hI kyA hai ? isa sambandha meM bhakti ke pradhAna AcArya mAnataMga ne ThIka hI kahA hai : nAtyadbhutaM bhuvanabhUSaNa ! bhUtanAtha / bhUtairguNa vi bhavantamabhiSTuvantaH , tulyA bhavanti bhavato nanu tena kiMvA / bhUtyAzritaM ya iha nAtmasamaM karoti / he jagat ke bhUSaNa ! he jagat ke jIvoM ke nAtha ! Apake yathArtha guNoM ke dvArA ApakA stavana karate hue bhakta yadi Apake samAna ho jAya to hameM koI adhika Azcarya nahIM hai. aisA to honA hI cAhie. kyoMki svAmI kA yaha kartavya hai ki vaha apane Azrita bhakta ko apane samAna banA le. athavA usa mAlika se lAbha hI kyA hai jo apane Azrita ko vaibhava se apane samAna nahIM banA letA. kintu yahA~ yaha prazna upasthita hotA hai ki jaba paramAtmA rAgadveSa se vihIna hai, taba usakI bhakti se lAbha hI kyA hai ? rAga na hone ke kAraNa vaha apane kisI bhI bhakta para anugraha nahIM karegA aura dveSa na hone se kisI duSTa kA nigraha karane ke liye bhI kaise prerita hogA ? kyoMki anugraha aura nigraha meM pravRtti to rAgadveSa kI preraNA se hI hotI hai jo ziSToM para anugraha aura duSToM kA nigraha karatA hai usameM rAga yA dveSa kA astitva jarUra hotA hai kintu jaina isa T Jain Education Intemational
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________________ 410 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya prakAra ke kisI Izvara kA astitva svIkAra nahIM karate. isa prazna kA uttara jaina stotroM meM jo diyA gayA hai vaha bar3A hI manogrAhI tarkasaMgata evaM AkarSaka hai. prakhyAta tArkika AcArya samantabhadra isa prazna kA uttara dete hue apane 'svayaMbhUstotra' meM vAsupUjya tIrthakara kA stavana karate hue kahate haiM-- ma pUjavAvaMstvayi vItarAge na nindayA nAma vivAntavere tathApi te puNyaguNasmRtirnaH punAtu ceto duritAMjanebhyaH / he nAtha ! Apa to vItarAga haiM. Apako apanI pUjA se koI prayojana nahIM hai. Apa na apanI pUjA karane vAloM se khuza hote haiM aura na nindA karane vAloM se nAkhuza, kyoMki Apane to vaira kA pUrI taraha vamana kara diyA hai to bhI yaha nizcita hai ki Apake pavitra guNoM kA smaraNa hamAre cita ko pAparUpa kalaMkoM se haTA kara pavitra banA detA hai. isakA Azaya hai ki paramAtmA svayaM yadyapi kucha bhI nahIM karatA phira bhI usake nimitta se AtmA meM jo zubhopayoga utpanna ho jAtA hai usI se usake pApa kA kSaya aura puNya kI utpatti ho jAtI hai. mahAkavi dhanaMjaya isI kA samarthana karate hue apane viSApahAra nAmaka stotra meM kyA hI manogrAhI vANI meM kahate haiM-- upaiti bhaktyA sumukhaH sukhAni yadi svabhAvAduHkha sadAvadAtadya tirekarUpastayostvamAdarza ivAvabhAsi / he bhagavAn ! tuma to nirmala darpaNa kI taraha sadA svaccha ho. svacchatA tumhArA svabhAva hai. jo tumheM apane niSkapaTa bhAva se dekhatA hai vaha sukha pAtA hai. aura jo tumase vimukha hokara bure bhAvoM se tumheM dekhatA hai vaha duHkha pAtA hai. ThIka hI hai, darpaNa meM koI apanA muMha sIdhA karake dekhatA hai to use usakA muMha sIdhA dikhatA hai. aura jo apanA muMha Ter3hA karake dekhatA hai use Ter3hA dikhatA hai. kintu darpaNa kisI kA muMha na sIdhA karatA hai aura na Ter3hA. isI prakAra rAgadveSa rahita paramAtmA svayaM na kisI ko sukha dete haiM aura na duHkha. vaha to prakRtistha hai. isa prakAra ke kAryoM meM svayaM unakA koI bhI prayatna saMbhava nahIM hai. sukha athavA duHkha to mana kI apanI hI vRttiyoM kA pariNAma hai. sajIva athavA nirjIva padArtha evaM anurakta athavA virakta vyakti kA dUsare sajIva athavA nirjIva padArthoM para jo svayaM prabhAva par3atA hai vaha manuSya ke liye naI cIja nahIM hai. yaha to pratyeka manuSya ke apane anubhava kI vastu hai. manuSya apanI manaH prakRti ke anusAra dUsaroM se prabhAvita hotA hai. kisI strI kA manohara citra kisI bhI rAgI puruSa ke AkarSaNa kA kAraNa bana jAtA hai. kintu yaha kArya vaha citra nahIM karatA, vaha to usameM nimitta mAtra hai. citra meM na kisI ke prati rAga hotA hai aura na kisI ke prati dveSa. phira bhI yaha AkarSaNa citra kA kArya mAnA jAtA hai. yahI bAta paramAtmA kI bhakti ke viSaya meM bhI hai. bhakti ke sambandha meM ekalavya kA udAharaNa saMsAra meM apratima hai. vaha miTTI ke droNAcArya se svayaM par3hakara saMsAra kA advitIya dhanurdhArI banA thA. vaha eka niSTha hokara miTTI ke droNAcArya se par3hatA rahA. usakI manaH kalpanA meM vaha miTTI kI mUrti sAkSAt droNAcArya thI. kahane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai ki ekalavya ko saMsAra kA apratima dhanurdhArI banane meM miTTI ke droNAcArya kA svayaM koI prayatna nahIM thA kyoM ki miTTI meM kisI prakAra kI AkAMkSA sambhava hI nahIM hai, para yaha bhI sahI hai ki miTTI kA droNAcArya hI ekalavya ko aisA dhanurdhArI banA sakA jisakI dhanuHsaMcAlana- kuzalatA ko dekhakara droNAcArya kA sAkSAt ziSya arjuna bhI daMga raha gayA. saMskRta-graMthoM meM eka prayoga AtA hai- ' kArISo'gniradhyApayatiH' arthAt chANoM kI Aga par3hA ke pAsa or3hane ke liye kucha bhI nahIM hone se jAr3e kI rAtoM meM Aga hI mujhe par3hA rahI hai. Aga to adhyApaka nahIM hai phira vaha hai ki agara Aga na ho to vaha chAtra par3ha nahIM sakatA. par3hane aura agni meM nimittanaimittika sambandha hai. isI taraha bhakta ke AtmoddhAra aura bhagavAn kI bhakti meM mAnatA hai ki bhakti sAkSAt mukti kA kAraNa nahIM hai, kyoMki usase bhI bhakti kA mahattva nimitta naimittika sambandha hai. yadyapi jainadarzana 'dAso'ham' kI bhAvanA naSTa nahIM hotI, to rahI hai. eka garIba chAtra Aga ke sahAre se par3hatA hai aura kahatA hai ki yaha kaise par3hA rahI hai ? usameM isaliye par3hAne kA upacAra Wite Use von whelibrary.org
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________________ 0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0 cainasukhadAsa jaina : jainadharma meM bhaktiyoga : 411 kama nahIM hotA. vaha manuSya ke sAmane paramAtmA kA Adarza upasthita karatI hai. yadyapi usa Adarza kI prApti abheda ratnatraya se hotI hai, bhakti se kabhI nahIM, kintu sAdhanA kI prathama bhUmikA meM bhakti kA bahuta bar3A upayoga hai. isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki mana jaba upAsya kI ora AkRSTa hotA hai taba vaha usake mArga kA anusaraNa karanA bhI apanA kartavya samajhatA hai. vaha asat pravRttiyoM se haTatA hai aura sat pravRttiyoM ko apanAtA hai. adayA se dayA kI ora, akSamA se kSamA kI aura tathA saMkSepa meM adharma se dharma kI ora bar3hatA hai. yadi bhakti meM pAkhaNDa na ho, kisI prakAra kA pradarzana na ho aura vaha mAnava-mana ko apane yathArtha rUpa se chUne lage to bhakti usako mukti kI ora le jA sakatI hai. yahI kAraNa hai ki aneka jaina kaviyoM ne bhakti ko itanA adhika mahattva de diyA hai ki use par3ha kara Azcarya hue vinA nahIM rahatA. bhakti tarka ko pasanda nahIM karatI, vaha to zraddhAprasUta hai. para isakA artha yaha kadApi nahIM hai ki bhakti meM viveka nahIM hotA. aisA ho to vaha bhakti hI nahIM hai. jJAnI aura ajJAnI kI bhakti meM jo mahAn aMtara jainAcAryoM ne batalAyA hai usakA kAraNa viveka kA sadbhAva aura asadbhAva hI to hai. viveka sahita bhakti hI manuSya ko amaratva kI ora le jAtI hai. jo sAdhaka zramaNatva kI UMcI bhUmikA meM nahIM jA sakatA usake lie bhakti saMbala hai, muktimArga meM pAtheya hai aura sAdhaka ke liye eka sahArA hai. isaliye mahAkavi vAdirAja ne apane ekIbhAva stotra meM kahA hai zuddha jJAne zucini carite satyapi tvayyanIcA, bhakti! cedanavadhisukhAvaMcikA kuMcikeyam , zakyodghATaM bhavati hi kathaM muktikAmasya puMso, muktidvAraM paridRr3hamahAmohamudrAkapATam / arthAt zuddha jJAna aura pavitra cAritra hone para bhI yadi asIma sukha dene vAlI tumhArI bhakti rUpI kuMcikA na ho to jisake mahAmoha rUpI tAlA lagA huA hai aisA muktidvAra, mukti kI icchA rakhane vAle ke liye kaise khula sakatA hai ? yahAM kavi ne bhakti kI tulanA meM zuddha jJAna aura pavitra cAritra ko bhI utanA mahattva nahIM diyA. yaha bhakti kI parAkASThA hai. bhakti kA phala jainAcAryoM ne bhakti ko eka niSkAma karma mAnA hai. yadi use lakSya kara manuSya meM phalAsakti utpanna ho jAya to bhakti bilkula vyartha hai. jainazAstroM meM nidAna (phalAkAMkSA) ko dhArmika jIvana meM eka prakAra kA zalya (kAMTA) batalAyA gayA hai. bhakta ke sAmane sadA mukti kA Adarza upasthita rahatA hai. vaha usase kabhI bhaTakatA nahIM. yadi bhaTaka jAya to use saccA bhakta nahIM kaha sakate. bhakti kA saccA phala vaha yahI cAhatA hai ki jaba taka mukti kI prApti na ho taba taka pratyeka mAnava janma meM use bhagavadbhakti milatI rahe. isI Azaya ko spaSTa karate hue "dvisaMdhAna kAvya' ke kartA mahAkavi dhanaMjaya kahate haiM iti stutiM deva vidhAya dainyAda, varaM na yAce svamupekSako'si / chAyA taru saMzrayataH svataH syAt, kazchAyayA yAcitayA''smalobhaH / athAsti ditsA yadivoparodhaH, svayyeva saktAM diza bhakti buddhi| kariSyate deva tathA kupAM me, ko vAtmapoSye sumukho na suuriiH| he deva ! isa prakAra ApakI stuti kara maiM Apa se usakA koI vara nahIM mAMgatA, kyoMki kisI se bhI kucha mAMganA to eka prakAra kI dInatA hai. saca to yaha hai ki Apa upekSaka (udAsIna) haiM. Apa meM na dveSa hai aura na rAga. rAga vinA koI kisI kI AkAMkSA pUrI karane ke lie kaise pravRta ho sakatA hai ? tIsarI bAta yaha hai ki chAyAvAle vRkSa ke nIce baiThakara phira usa vRkSa se chAyA kI yAcanA karanA to bilkula vyartha hai, kyoki vRkSa ke nIce baiThane vAle ko to vaha svataH hI prApta ho jAtI hai. Jain Educa
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________________ 412 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya -0-----0-0-0-0-0-0-0 yaha saba kucha hone para bhI yadi Apa stuti kA koI phala denA hI cAheM, itanA hI nahIM isake lie ApakA anurodha yA Agraha bhI ho to he bhagavAn ! Apa mujhe yahI vara dIjie jisase ApakI bhakti meM hI merI buddhi lagI rahe. yaha kRpA mujha para jarUra kIjiye. aisA kauna hai jo apane Azrita ke hita kI ora dhyAna na de ! kalyANamaMdira stotra ke kartA mahAvidvAn kumudacandra bhI isa sabaMdha meM yahI bAta karate haiM: yadyasti nAtha bhavadaMghrisaroruhANAm, bhakteH phalaM kimapi satataM saMcitAyAH, tanme tvadekazaraNasya zaraNyabhUyAH svAmI tvameva bhuvane'tra bhavAntarepi / he zaraNya ! Apake caraNa-kamaloM kI satata saMcita bhakti kA yadi koI phala ho to vaha yahI honA cAhie ki isa janma aura agale janma meM Apa hI mere svAmI hoM. kyoMki Apa ke atirikta merA koI bhI zaraNa nahIM ho sakatA. kintu jaisA ki pahale kahA hai, manuSya kA carama lakSya mukti hai. isalie koI bhI bhakta jaba taka mukti nahIM mile taba taka hI isa phalAkAMkSA kA aucitya samajhatA hai. isalie bhagavAna kI pUjA ke aMta meM jaina maMdiroM meM jo zAntipATha bolA jAtA hai, usameM isa abhiprAya ko atyanta spaSTa zabdoM meM vyakta kiyA gayA hai: tava pAdau mama hRdaye, mama hRdayaM tava padadvaye lInam , tiSThatu jinendra! tAvat yAvannirvANasaMprAptiH / he bhagavan ! jaba taka nirvANa kI prApti na ho taba taka tumhAre caraNa mere hRdaya meM lIna raheM aura merA hRdaya tumhAre caraNoM meM lIna rahe. ina uddharaNoM se yaha acchI taraha samajhA jA sakatA hai ki jaina bhakti kA uddezya paramAtmattva kI ora bar3hanA hai. kisI bhI prakAra kA laukika svArtha usakA lakSya nahIM hai. jisake jIvana meM bhakti kI mahattA aMkita ho jAtI hai usakI duniyA ke kSaNamaMgura padArthoM meM AsthA nahIM hotI aura na usake mana meM kisI prakAra ke vaiyaktika svArtha ko hI AkAMkSA hotI hai. vAstavika bhakta vaha hai jisakI duniyA ke kSaNabhaMgura sukhoM meM AsthA nahIM hotI. jisako isa prakAra ko AsthA, Asakti athavA AkAMkSA hotI hai vaha kabhI paramAtmattva kI ora nahIM bar3ha sakatA, bhaktahRdaya ahiMsaka hotA hai isalie usakA koI zatru bhI nahIM hotA haiM vaha apanI bhakti ke bIca meM isa prakAra kI AkAMkSAyeM bhI nahIM lAtA jo dveSamUlaka evaM hRdaya ko vikRta karanevAlI hoM. jainadRSTi se ve stotra atyanta nIca stara ke hI samajhe jAne cAhie jo manuSya ko hiMsA evaM vikAra kI ora prerita karane vAle hoM. hA~, jaina bhakti evaM pUjA ke prakaraNoM meM bhakti ke phalasvarUpa aisI mAMgeM jarUra upalabdha hotI haiM jo vaiyaktika nahIM apitu sArvajanika haiM, phira cAhe ve laukika hI kyoM na hoM. bhagavAn kI upAsanA ke bAda jo jaina upAsanA-gRhoM meM zAMtipATha bolA jAtA hai usameM bhakta kahatA hai: kSemaM sarvaprajAnAM prabhavatu balavAn dhArmiko bhUmipAlaH , kAle kAle ca samyag vilasatu maghavA vyAdhayo yAntu nAzam / durbhikSaM cauramArI kSaNamapi jagatAM mAsmabhUjjIvaloke , jainendraM dharmacakraM prabhavatu satataM sarvasaukhya-pradAyi / he bhagavan ! sArI prajA kA kalyANa ho. zAsaka balavAn aura dharmAtmA ho. samaya-samaya para (AvazyakatAnusAra) pAnI barase. roga naSTa ho jAveM. kahIM na corI ho aura na mahAmArI phaile aura sAre sukhoM ke denevAlA bhagavAn jinendra kA dharmacakra zaktizAlI ho. isI prakAra kA eka ullekha aura bhI suniye : saMpUjakAnAM pratipAlakAnAm, yatIndrasAmAnyatapodhanAnAm , dezasya rASTrasya purasya rAjJaH, karotu zAMti bhagavAn jinendrH| - ~ NAAMAALAAMALINIRMANANDHAR Hironment ANA ANYLEOthy MIDIH VS Jain RIVYTONYMVL W W W Priese & Bester Use V . yowwwynineliterary.org
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________________ Jain Ed : cainala jaina jainadharma meM bhaktiyoga 413 jo bhagavAn ke bhakta haiM, jo dIna-hInoM ke sahAyaka haiM, jo yatiyoM meM zreSTha haiM, jo tapodhana haiM una sabako tathA deza, rASTra, nagara aura rAjA ko bhagavAn jinendra zAnti pradAna kareM. ye saba ullekha spaSTa yaha batalAte haiM ki jainoM ke vAGmaya kA lakSya Atmazodhana ke sAtha-sAtha lokopakAra kI bhAvanA bhI hai. usakA dRSTikoNa saMkucita nahIM apitu udAra, vizAla evaM vyApaka hai. isameM vasudhaiva kuTumbakam kI 'udAtta' tathA prAMjala bhAvanA otaprota hai. isase mAnava ko jo preraNA milatI hai usase usakI pazutA nikala kara mAnavatA nikhara jAtI hai. jaina-bhakti kI eka vizeSatA yaha bhI hai ki isameM kisI prakAra ke ADambara ko sthAna nahIM milatA. ADambara bhakti kI viDambanA hai. usase kabhI AtmA kA yathArtha darzana nahIM hotA. upAsya kA jo vAstavika svarUpa hai usIkI upAsanA para jainabhakti meM bala diyA gayA hai. bhakta bhI usI svarUpa kI prApti ke liye kRtasaMkalpa hotA hai. jaina maMdiroM meM vItarAgatA ke sAdhanoM ke atirikta jo bAhya cIjeM dIkha par3atI haiM, ve cAhe kitanI hI AkarSaka kyoM na hoM, bhakti meM unakA koI mahatva nahIM. jahA~ bhakti ke ucca stara kA varNana milatA hai vahA~ sone-cA~dI Adi atyanta bAhya padArthoM kI kauna kahe, zarIrAzrita guNoM ko bhI koI mahattva nahIM diyA gayA. vahA~ to AtmAzrita guNoM ko hI bhakti kara AdhAra mAnA gayA hai kyoMki unhIM kI abhivyakti jIvana meM apekSita hai. zarIra aura isase sambandha rakhane vAle sabhI bAhya padArtha jar3a haiM. jar3a ke kisI bhI guNa-dharma kI abhivyakti AtmA ko iSTa nahIM hai. mUrtipUjA aura bhakti zvetAmbara jainoM ke sthAnakavAsI aura terApaMthI evaM digambara jainoM kA tAraNapaMthI sampradAya - yadyapi mUrtipUjA ko mahattva nahIM dete, phira bhI ve bhakti kA samarthana karate haiM. yadyapi mUrtipUjA aura bhakti kA nimitta naimittika sambandha haiM to ye donoM cIjeM eka nahIM haiM. kinhIM do padArthoM meM nimittanaimittika sambandha banAnA vyaktigata prazna hai. bhakti ke liye bhI koI mUrti ko avalambana mAnatA hai aura koI nahIM mAnatA hai. jo saMpradAya mUrti yA pratimA ko avalambana nahIM mAnate, ve bhI bhagavAn kI bhakti karate haiM. bhakti to manuSya kI mAnasika vRtti hai. vaha mUrtirUpa AlaMbana ke vinA nirAlaMbana bhI ho sakatI hai. vAstava meM paramAtmA yA bhagavAn hI AlaMbana haiM. upAsya meM to koi bheda hai nahIM, bhale hI unakI mUrti banAI jAya yA na banAI jAya. vinA mUrti ke bhI paramAtmA yA mahAtmAoM ke guNoM meM anurAga utpanna kara usameM pUjanIyatA kI AsthA sthApita kI jA sakatI hai. bhakti kA rahasya bhI yahI hai. ina tInoM saMpradAyoM ne jo mUrti kA virodha kiyA hai isake aitihAsika kAraNa haiM. isase kisI meM kisI kI sthApanA karane kI mAnava-buddhi kA virodha nahIM hotA. mUrtipUjA kA virodha karanA una tInoM sampradAyoM kA krAntikArI kadama thA kintu vaha bhakti kA virodha kabhI nahIM thA. jainadharma meM jo bhakti kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai use jainoM ke sabhI sampradAya eka mata se svIkAra karate haiM. bhakti sAhitya jaina vAGmaya meM bhaktisAhitya athavA stotragranthoM kA ullekhanIya sthAna hai. tIrthaMkaroM paMcaparameSThI evaM anya devI-devatAoM sambandhI hajAroM stotragrantha upalabdha hote haiM. bhaktAmarastotra, kalyANamandirastotra Adi stutiparaka racanAe~ bar3I hI mahattvapUrNa haiM. jaina upAsaka pratidina ina racanAoM ko bhakti ke bhAva meM vibhora hokara apanI Atmazuddhi ke liye par3hate haiM. tulanAtmaka dRSTi se ina stutigranthoM kI aneka vizeSatAeM haiM. inakA pratyeka padya eka maMtra mAnA jAtA hai aura ina para aneka kathAeM likhI gaI haiM. jainoM ke vaiyaktika jIvana para ina stotroM kA bahuta prabhAva hai. yaha sAhitya itanA vizAla hai| ki isa para vibhinna dRSTiyoM se anusaMdhAna kiyA jA sakatA hai. jainoM ke coTI ke AcAryoM ne anyAnya viSayoM kI racanA ke sAtha-sAtha bhaktisAhitya ko bhI apanI racanA kA viSaya banAyA hai. dArzanika sAhityakAroM ne bhakti ko tarka kI kasauTI para kasa kara apane granthoM meM isakI upAdeyatA siddha kI hai. Pur Private arsonal use only www.jamelibrary.org
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________________ 414 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya bhakti kA samanvaya saMsAra ke sabhI dharmoM meM bhakti kA ullekhanIya sthAna hai. jo Izvara kI sattA ko svIkAra karate haiM aura jo Izvara kI sattA ko svIkAra nahIM karate, unakA bhakti tattva aneka dRSTiyoM se samAna nahIM hai. gItA kA adhyayana karane se patA calatA hai ki Izvara kI sattA svIkAra karake bhI gItAkAra niSkAma bhakti para bahuta jora dete haiM. aisA jJAta hotA hai ki gItAkAra para kartasvavAda kI koI chApa hI nahIM hai. gItAkAra kI bhakti aura jainabhakti meM aneka dRSThiyoM se sAmya hai kintu upAsya kA svarUpa donoM meM eka-sA nahIM hai. vibhinna dharmoM meM jo bhaktitattva kI vyAkhyA milatI hai usakA anekAntavAda ke AdhAra para samanvaya kiyA jA sakatA hai. isa prakAra ke samanvaya kI Aja atyanta AvazyakatA hai. ataH sAdhya kI siddhi ke liye usakA niSkapaTa bhAva se prayoga karanA cAhie, yahI bhaktiyoga kI maryAdA hai.
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________________ DA0 kanhaiyAlAla sahala adhyakSa hindI vibhAga, bir3alA ArTasa kaoNleja, pilAnI niyati kA svarUpa kAvyaprakAzakAra ne kavi-bhAratI kA jayajayakAra karate hue 'niyatikRtaniyamarahitA' kA prayoga kiyA hai jisase spaSTa hai ki ve niyati' ko niyama-samaSTi athavA niyamana karane vAlI zakti ke rUpa meM grahaNa karate haiM. 'niyati' zabda kA isa taraha kA prayoga vaidika 'Rta' se bahuta-kucha milatA-julatA hai jahA~ Rta ke kAraNa hI saMsAra meM niyama-cakra calatA hai tathA brahmANDa meM vyavasthA dRSTigocara hotI hai.2 / / vaijJAnika adhyayana aura prayogoM ke pariNAmasvarUpa aba yaha tathya adhikAdhika spaSTa hotA jA rahA hai ki yaha vizva kucha aise niyamoM dvArA saMcAlita hai jo akATya aura anullaMghanIya hai. isa vicAradhArA ke anusAra pratyeka vyakti vizvazrRMkhalA kI eka kar3I mAtra hai. saMskRta ke aneka prAcIna graMthoM meM niyati ke svarUpa kI vivecanA kI gaI hai. udAharaNArtha yogavAsiSTha ke nimnalikhita zlokoM ko lIjie yathAsthitaM brahmatattvaM sattA niyatirucyate / sA vineturvineyatvaM sA vineyvineytaa| -prakaraNa 2, sarga 10 zloka 1. zrAdisarge hi niyatirbhAvavaicitryamakSayam / anenetthaM sadA bhAvyamiti saMpadyate param / -prakaraNa 3, sarga 62, zloka 6. mahAsatteti kathitA mahAcitirita smRtaa| mahAzaktiriti khyAtA mahAdRSTiriti sthitA / 10 / mahAkriyeti gaditA mahodbhava iti smRtA / / mahAspanda iti prauDhA mahAtmaikatayoditA // 11 // tRNAnIva jagatyevamiti daityAH surA iti / iti nAgA iti nagA ityAkalpaM kRtA sthitiH / 12 / arthAt sarvatra sama rUpa se sthita jo vyApaka brahma kI sattA hai, usI kA nAma niyati hai, vahI kArya-kAraNa ke niyamya aura niyAmaka rUpa se sthita hai. kAraNa hone para kArya avazya hotA hai aura kArya hone para usakA koI kAraNa avazya hotA hai. isI niyama kA nAma niyati hai. vahI kAraNa Adi kI niyAmakatA hai aura vahI kArya Adi kI niyamyatA bhI hai. sRSTi ke prArambha se hI agni Adi kI uSNatA aura Urdhvajvalana niyati ke kAraNa haiM, para brahma svayaM apane saMkalpa se padArthoM kI vicitratAsahita akSaya niyati kA rUpa dhAraNa kara letI hai. vahI niyati saMpUrNa brahmANDoM kI sthiti, vistAra, 1. niyamyante dharmA anayA iti niytiH| 2. There is no error in the Eternal plan, All kings are working for the final good of man. -Wordsworth 777 amvarerarersmaroseronly merimeniorary.org
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________________ 416 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya sAmarthya, viveka, racanA, janma aura arthakriyAkAritAdi kI hetutA se mahAsattA, mahAciti, mahAzakti, mahAdRSTi, mahAkriyA, mahAudbhava aura mahAspanda, gati ityAdi nAmoM se kahI gaI hai. tRNoM ke samAna saba jagat kA parivartana karatI huIdaitya isa prakAra ke krUra haiM, devatA isa prakAra zAnta haiM, nAga aise haiM, parvata aise jar3a haiM ityAdi rUpa se kalpaparyanta niyati apane rUpa meM sthita rahatI hai. na zakyate laMdhayitumapi rudraadibuddhibhH| -3,62,2. sarvajJo'pi bahujJo'pi mAdhavo'pi, haro'pi ca / anyathA niyati katuna zaktaH kazcideva hi| -5,86,26. sargAdau yA yathArUDhA saMviktacanasaMtatiH / / sA'dyApyacalitA'nyena sthitA niytirucyte| -3,54,22. AmahArudaparyantamidamitthamiti sthiteH / pAtuNapadmajaspandaM niyamAnniyatiH smRtA / -6,37,21. arthAt rudrAdi devatA bhI niyati kA ullaMghana nahIM kara sakate. mAdhava aura hara ke samAna sarvajJa aura bahujJa bhI niyati ke niyamoM meM vyatikrama nahIM kara sakate. vartamAna vizva ke prArambha meM niyati kI jaisI kalpanA kI gaI thI, usI rUpa meM vaha Aja bhI acala bhAva se sthita hai. rudra se lekara choTe-se-choTe tRNa paryanta niyati kA hI niyamana-vyApAra sarvatra dikhalAI par3atA hai. isa niyamana ke kAraNa hI ise niyati kahA gayA hai. yogavAsiSTha meM hI niyati kI naTI ke rUpa meM bhI kalpanA kI gaI hai niyatinityamudva gavarjitA primaarjitaa| eSA nRtyati vai nRtyaM jagajjAlakanATakam / -prakaNa 6, sarga 37, zloka 23. arthAt yaha niyati nitya udvegarahita tathA parimAjita rahate hue jagajjAla rUpa nATaka racatI rahatI hai. Rational Mysticism ke lekhaka ne bhI niyati ke prabhutva ko svIkAra kiyA hai- "Individual man can modify the course of nature on the earth in many minor ways; but he can not alter the course of nature as a whole, that is to say, those cosmic happenings which are determind by a higher power, or by higher powers" -(Kingsland) : Rational Mysticism p 354 arthAt bahuta se choTe-moTe rUpoM meM to vyakti prakRti ke kArya-vyApAra meM rUpAntara upasthita kara sakatA hai kintu kula milAkara vaha prakRti kI padyati ko badala nahIM sakatA arthAt vizva kI jo ghaTanAe~ kisI uccatara zakti athavA uccatara zaktiyoM dvArA niyata kara dI jAtI haiM, unameM parivartana upasthita karanA vyakti ke vaza kA roga nahIM. yogavAsiSThakAra ke matAnusAra niyati vizva kI niyAmikA zakti hai, jisake anuzAsana ko akhila bhuvana tathA cara aura acara sabhI svIkAra karate haiM. eka choTI-sI sabhA ke saMcAlana ke liye bhI jaba niyama banAe jAte haiM, taba isa virAT brahmANDa ke liye niyamoM kI kitanI adhika AvazyakatA hai, isakA sahaja hI anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai. niyamoM ke abhAva meM sarvatra dhAMdhalI aura avyavasthA phaila jAyagI, karma-vyavasthA ke saMbandha meM veda meM bhI kahA gayA hai 'na kilbiSamatra nAdhAro asti na yanmigaiH samamAna eti , anUnaM nihitaM pAtraM na etat paktAraM pakvaH punarAvizati / ' arthAt karma-vyavasthA meM kisI prakAra kI truTi nahIM ho sakatI. Ama kA bIja DAlane se jamIna meM Ama hI ugatA hai. yaha kAraNa-kAryavidhAna vizva meM sarvatra lAgU hai. yahAM koI AdhAra yA siphAriza bhI nahIM calatI aura na yahI saMbhava hai ki mitroM ke sAtha gati prApta kI jA sake. kisI bhI bAhya kAraNa se hamAre isa karma-phala-pAtra meM koI ghaTA-bar3hI nahIM
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________________ DA0 kanhaiyAlAla sahala ; niyati kA svarUpa : 417 huI. jaisA aura jitanA hamane ise bharA, vaisA aura utanA hI yaha surakSita hai. pakAne vAle ko pakA padArtha phira A milatA hai arthAt karma-phala se chuTakArA nahIM milatA. zaivAgamoM dvArA kiyA gayA niyati kA nirUpaNa bhI isa prasaMga meM ullekhanIya hai. niyati zaivAgama darzana kA eka viziSTa zabda hai jo usa tattva ke artha meM prayukta hotA hai jisake kAraNa pratyeka vastu kI kArikA zakti niyata rahatI hai. 'niyatiniyojanAM dhatte viziSTa kAryamaNDale.' niyati ke kAraNa hI sarasoM ke bIja se sarasoM kA aMkura phUTatA hai aura agni meM kevala jalAne kI zakti hai, niyati ke kAraNa hI pavana meM jala ko Andolita karane kI kSamatA pAI jAtI hai. bahuta se niyativAdiyoM kA to kahanA yaha hai ki saMsAra meM jo ApAtataH Akasmika aura AzcaryamayI ghaTanAe~ ghaTita hotI huI dikhalAI par3atI haiM, ve vastutaH na Akasmika hotI haiM aura na AzcaryamayI. AkasmikatA aura Azcarya kI sattA to una logoM ke liye hai jo niyati ke rahasya ko hRdayaMgama nahIM kara pAte. niyati yadi vizva kI niyAmikA zakti hai, yadi yaha karma-cakra kI saMcAlikA hai, yadi niyati kI preraNA se hI yaha golaka, karma-cakra kI bhAMti ghUma rahA hai to avazya hI yaha saba kisI vidhAna ke antargata hotA hogA. kintu isake viparIta eka vicAradhArA aisI bhI hai jo bhAgya ko andhA mAna kara calatI hai. yoropIya dezoM ke logoM kA vizvAsa thA ki koI aisI zakti avazya hai jo manuSya ke janma ke samaya hI usake saMpUrNa jIvana kI gatividhi nizcita kara hamezA ke liye usake bhAgya kA nipaTArA kara detI hai. bhAgya, vaha avazyaMbhAvI daivI vidhAna hai jisake anusAra pratyeka padArtha aura vizeSataH manuSya ke saba kArya-unnati, avanati, nAza Adi pahale se hI nizcita rahate haiM aura jisase anyathA kucha ho hI nahIM sakatA. azikSitoM meM se adhikAMza logoM kA yahI vizvAsa rahatA hai ki saMsAra meM jo kucha hotA hai, vaha sadA bhAgya se hI hotA hai aura usa para manuSya kA koI adhikAra nahIM hotA. sAdhAraNata: zarIra meM bhAgya kA sthAna lalATa mAnA jAtA hai. bahuta-se loga yaha mAnate haiM ki chaThI ke dina bhAgya kI devI zizu ke lalATa para bhAgya kA aMkana kara jAtI hai jisameM na rAI ghaTatI hai, na tila bar3hatA hai. sAmAnya logoM kI dRSTi meM bhAgya andhA hai aura usake dvArA niyojita kArya-vyApAra meM kAraNa-kArya kI koI zRMkhalA nahIM dikhalAI par3atI. grIsa deza ke duHkhAnta nATakoM meM bhI kismata kI jo kalpanA kI gaI hai, usake anusAra vaha eka aisI nirapekSa zakti hai jisake anuzAsana ko sabhI svIkAra karate haiM kintu svayaM vaha kisI bhI prakAra ke prAkRtika athavA naitika vidhAna ko mAnakara nahIM calatI. sva0 DaoN0 ansArI kisI rogI kI cikitsA ke silasile meM rela dvArA yAtrA kara rahe the. DaoNkTara sAhaba una mahAbhAgoM meM se the, jo gAMdhIjI kI bhayaMkara-se-bhayaMkara bImArIkI khabara sunate hI mahAtmAjI ko sUcita kiyA karate the ki maiM Apako mRtyu ke mukha se chur3A lAU~gA kintu unhIM DaoNkTara ansArI ko rela ke Dibbe meM hI jaba hRdroga ne A dabAyA to kahane lage-'maiM mRtyu ke pada-cApoM kI nikaTatama AtI huI dhvani ko suna rahA hU~. cAhatA hUM ki kabhI vidhi ke vidhAna meM kucha divasa apane liye aura surakSita karavA lUM kintu koI upAya nahIM, koI cArA nahIM. ve hI DaoNkTara sAhaba, jo kisI dUsare ko mRtyu ke bhISaNa mukha se nikAlane jA rahe the, svayaM karAla kAla ke garbha meM samA gaye. DANTe ke 'inphanoM' tathA 'homara' ke 'IliyaDa' aura 'oDIsI' se lekara Adhunika yuga taka ke lekhakoM ne bhavitavyatA kI prabalatA ko svIkAra kiyA hai. kintu jo bhavitavya hai, vaha kyA pahale se niyata hai? kyA vaha kisI kAraNa-kArya-paramparA kA anusaraNa karatA hai athavA unakA sArA kArya vyApAra andhavat-pravRtta hotA hai ? isa prakAra ke aneka prazna bhavitavyatA ke sambandha meM hamAre mana meM uThe binA nahIM rahate. duniyA ke manISiyoM ne isa viSaya para bhinna-bhinna vicAra prakaTa kiye haiM. cIna kI eka kahAvata meM kahA gayA hai ki bImArI kA ilAja ho jAtA hai, kintu bhAgya kA nahIM. aneka bAra aisA huA hai ki bhAgya se bacane ke liye kisI ne jisa mArga kA anusaraNa kiyA, usI mArga meM vaha apane durbhAgya kA zikAra ho gayA. isa sambandha meM rAbarTa sAUde kA nimnalikhita kathana ullekhya hai AAVAN Jain Edda Patinal Uses www.jaimelibrary.org
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________________ 418 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya "The poor slaves...must drag the car if Destiny wherever she drives, inexorable and blind jo hamAre bhAgya kI gAr3I calatI hai, vaha yadi andhI ho to phira isa jIvana kA kyA ThikAnA hai. ukta vivecana ko par3ha kara aisA lagatA hai ki yadi isa vizva meM saba kucha pUrvanirdiSTa hai to kyA manuSya kI svatantra icchA zakti ke liye yahA~ koI sthAna nahIM hai ? darzana zAstra kA yaha eka bar3A jaTila prazna hai jisa para gambhIratA se vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai. DA0 rAdhAkRSNan ne zAyada kahIM kahA thA ki 'svatantraH karttA' kevala pANini kA hI sUtra nahIM, vaha hamAre deza kA dArza nika sUtra bhI hai. prAkRtika jagat kI vastuoM kI bhAMti manuSya vastu nahIM, vaha vastuoM ko apanI icchAnusAra rUpa dene vAlA kartA hai. jaba vaijJAnika kisI vastu kA AviSkAra karatA hai, taba vaha usa vastu se apane ko alaga kara letA hai aura taba usake rahasyodghATana kA prayatna karatA hai. isase spaSTa hai ki jahA~ taka vyakti kA sambandha hai, usameM apanI svatantra icchA-zakti kA tattva sannihita hai. vaha tattva vastu bAhya athavA Antarika hai. isa tattva kI jaba hama upekSA karane lagate haiM taba hama apane Apa ko mAtra vastu mAna lete haiM. jar3a padArthoM kI bhAMti hama apane Apako yaMtra kA eka purjA samajhane lagate haiM aura usa svatantratA se apane Apako vaMcita kara lete haiM-- jo hamArA janmasiddha adhikAra hai. manuSya niyati ke adhIna hai athavA karma karane meM svatantra hai, isa prazna kA vedAnta ne spaSTa zabdoM meM uttara diyA hai. vedAnta ke anusAra jaba taka manuSya avidyA ke vazIbhUta rahatA hai, taba taka vaha svatantra nahIM kahA jA sakatA. mokSa athavA svAtantrya, vidyA dvArA hI sambhava hai. jo manuSya icchA tRSNA athavA vAsanAoM kA zikAra hai, vaha svatantra nahIM mAnA jA sakatA. svatantra banane ke lie satata sAdhanA dvArA use Atma-sAkSAtkAra karanA hogA. sAtha hI yaha bhI satya hai ki manuSya kI manuSyatA isa svAtantrya siddhi meM hI hai kyoMki vahI eka aisA prANI hai jo sAdhanA dvArA Atma-saMskAra kara sakatA hai. per3a-paudhoM, pazu-pakSiyoM tathA jIva-jantuoM meM yaha sakti nahIM ki ve manuSya kI bhAMti apanA saMskAra kara sakeM, ve apanI sahaja vRtti se Upara nahIM uTha sakate. daivavAda tathA svAtantryavAda ke sambandha meM jo vicAra Upara prakaTa kie gaye haiM, ve hamAre deza kI dArzanika vicAradhArA ke anurUpa haiM kintu vyAvahArikatA kI dRSTi se hamAre jIvana meM deva tathA pauruSa donoM kA sthAna hai. mAgha kavi ke zabdoM meM "nAlamyate vaiSTikatAM nA niSIdati pauruSe zabdArthI satkavirivavijJAna - zizupAlavadha, dvitIya sarga, zloka 86. arthAt vidvAn na to kevala deva kA sahArA letA hai aura na pauruSa para hI sthita rahatA hai. jisa prakAra satkavi zabda aura artha donoM kA Azraya grahaNa karatA hai, usI prakAra vidvAn bhI deva aura pauruSa donoM ko jIvana meM Avazyaka samajhatA hai. gItAkAra ne bhI kArya siddhi meM adhikaraNa, kartA, bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke kAraNa tathA vividha ceSTAoM se sAtha 'daivaM caivAtra paMcamam' kaha kara deva kI bhI sattA svIkAra kI hai. 2 eka bAra hamAre pradhAnamantrI paM0 neharU ne niyativAda aura svatantra icchAzakti kA tAratamya batalAte hue likhA thA - 'isa vizva meM niyativAda aura svatantra icchA-zakti donoM ke liye sthAna hai. ise eka udAharaNa dvArA spaSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai. brija ke khela meM pratyeka khilAr3I ko jo tAza ke patte milate haiM, usameM khilAr3I kI svatantra icchA-zakti kA koI hAtha nahIM rahatA kintu unhIM pattoM kI sahAyatA se apane anubhava aura buddhi-kauzala dvArA catura khilAr3I jo khela, khelatA hai usameM usakI svatantra icchA-zakti kA pUrA yoga hai.' eka dUsarA udAharaNa lIjie. pitA ke cunAva meM putra svatantra nahIM hai kintu putra rUpa meM avatarita vyakti apanI svatantra icchA zakti dvArA apane vyaktiva kA samucita vikAsa kara sakatA hai. karNa ke sArathi putra hone kI bAta kaha kara jaba azvatthAmA ne usake marmasthala para coTa karanI cAhI to karNa ne kahA thA Jo,olololololo Veidiololol Prate ons Use Only alolololololol ww
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________________ -0-0-0-0--0-0-0--0-0 DA0 kanhaiyAlAla sahala : niyati kA svarUpa : 416 sUto vA sUtaputro vA yo vA ko vA bhavAbhyaham , daivAyattaM kule janma, madAyattaM tu pauruSam / karNa kI isa ojamayI ukti meM hI niyati aura svAtantrya kA tattva samAhita hai. maMkhali gozAlaka kA niyativAda isa prasaMga meM makkhali gozAla ke niyativAda kI carcA karanA bhI avAMchanIya na hogI. makkhali, AjIvakoM ke suprasiddha siddhAMta niyativAda ke pravartaka mAne jAte haiM. ve bahuta samaya taka bhagavAn mahAvIra ke sAtha rahe kintu phira matabheda ke kAraNa unase pRthak ho gaye. 'bhagavatI sUtra' tathA Avazyaka sUtra' kI cUNi meM donoM ke pArthakya kA vivaraNa upalabdha hai. kahA jAtA hai ki eka dUsare se pRthak hone para ye donoM 16 varSoM taka apane-apane siddhAntoM kA pracAra karate rahe. isa avadhi meM makkhali gozAla kI bhI pratiSThA bar3ha gaI aura zrAvastI meM unake aneka anuyAyI ho gaye. unhoMne apane Apako tIrthaMkara bhI ghoSita kara diyA. vidvAnoM ke matAnusAra bhagavAn mahAvIra se unakA maulika matabheda niyativAda ke sambandha meM hI thA. jahA~ gozAla ekAMta niyativAdI the, vahAM zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra anekAntavAda ke samarthaka the. 'zrImadupAsakadazAMgasUtra' kA nimnalikhita prasaMga yahA~ ullekhya haieka dina saddAlaputra 'AjIvikopAsaka' vAyu se kucha sUkhe hue miTTI ke kacce baratanoM ko ghara se bAhara nikAla kara dhUpa meM sukhA rahA thA. usa samaya bhagavAn mahAvIra ne usase pUchA : 'he saddAlaputra! ye miTTI ke baratana kisa prakAra banate haiM ? saddAlaputra ne uttara diyA : 'he bhagavan ! prathama ye saba miTTI ke rUpa meM the, usa miTTI ko pAnI meM bhigo kara usameM rAkha aura lIda milAte haiM, pIche bahuta khUda karake usako cAka para car3hAte haiM jisase bahuta se karave. kuMje Adi taiyAra hote haiM. yaha sunakara zramaNa bhagavAn ne phira pUchA : 'saddAlaputrA, esaNaM kolAlabhaMDe ki uTThANeNaM jAva purisakkAraparakkameNaM kajjati udAhu aNuTThANoNaM jAva apurisakkAraparakkameNaM kajjati ?" arthAt he saddAlaputra ! jo ye miTTI ke baratana bane haiM, ye saba utthAna, bala, vIrya aura puruSakAra-parAkrama se bane haiM yA binA utthAna, bala vIrya aura puruSakAra-parA- krama se bane haiM ? isa para saddAlaputra ne uttara diyA, 'bhaMte ! aNuTThANeNaM jAva apurisakkAraparakkameNaM, natthi uTThANe i vA jAva parakkame i vA, niyayA savvabhAvA' arthAt he bhagavan ! vinA utthAna, bala, vIrya aura parAkrama se banate haiM. inake banAne meM utthAna, bala aura parAkrama kI kucha bhI AvazyakatA nahIM hai, kyoMki saba bhAva niyata haiM. isa para zramaNa bhagavAn ne phira pUchA, "saddAlaputtA ! jai NaM tubhaM kei purise vAyAyaM vA pakkelayaM vA kolAlabhaMDaM avaharejjA vA vikkhi rejjA vA bhidejjA vA acchiMdejjA vA pariTThavejjA vA aggimittAe vA bhAriyAe saddhi viulAI bhogabhogAI bhujamANe viharejjA, tassa NaM tumaM purisassa kiM daMDaM vattejAsi ?" arthAta he saddAlaputra ! yadi koI puruSa kacce meM se pake hue tere baratanoM kI corI kara le jAya, bikhera de, pheMka de, cheda karade, phor3a DAle yA bAhara lejAkara chor3a de athavA terI agnimitrA bhAryA ke sAtha aneka prakAra se bhoga, bhoge to tU usa puruSa ko daMDa de athavA nahIM ? yaha sunakara saddAlaputra ne uttara diyA, "bhaMte ! ahaM NaM taM purisaM AosejjA vA harojjA vA baMdhejjA vA mahejjA vA tajjejjA vA tAlejjA vA nicchoDejjA vA nibbhacchejjA vA akAle ceva jIviAo vavarovejjA." arthAt he bhagavan ! maiM usa puruSa para Akroza karUM, daMDAdika se mArUM, rassI se bAMdha laM, tarjanA karUM, tamAcA lagAUM dAma vasUla karake tiraskAra karUM aura usake prANa le lUM. yaha suna kara bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA, "he saddAlaputra ! tumhAre matAnusAra to utthAna, bala, vIrya aura parAkrama kucha nahIM hai, saba bhAva niyata hI haiM to tere pake hue miTTI ke baratanoM ko corane vAle yA phor3ane vAle tathA tumhArI bhAryA S a rji EKHElis III AWARIYAWADIMANA NASVED IOMAASITI) Ling wikini T IMITTHI. MRTMant||LATINDIANS IIIT NAMITHAIJAATWITTIS110...HINITIATIMIMAmredIT111... Jain Education Intemational
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________________ -0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0 Jain Edee 420 : muni zrIhajArImala smRtigrantha dvitIya adhyAya se bhoga karane vAle ko tuma kyoM mArate ho jaba ki tumhAre mata se honahAra hokara hI rahatA hai tathA utthAna, bala, vIrya, parAkrama Adi saba vyartha haiM." zramaNa bhagavAn ke ukta zabda suna kara saddAlaputra se kucha uttara dete na banA aura usane pratibodha pAyA. isI prasaMga meM 'upAsakadazAMga sUtra' ke chaThe adhyayana meM upalabdha kuMDakolika aura deva kA vivAda bhI uddharaNIya hai. deva ne kahA, utthAna karma, bala, vIrya, puruSakAra tathA parAkrama vyartha hai kyoMki aneka bAra utthAnAdi karane para bhI kArya siddhi nahIM hotI. kahA bhI hai prAptavyo niyatibalAzrayeNa yo'rthaH so'vazyaM bhUtAnAM mahati kRte'pi hi prayatne, nAbhAvyaM na hi bhavati yanna bhAvyaM bhavati ca karatalagatamapi nazyati yasya tu bhavati nRNAM zubhAzubho vA, bhavati na bhAvino'stinAzaH / bhAvyaM vinA'pi yatnena, bhavitavyatA nAsti / - uvAsaga-dasAgro, 6-165 vAlA hai, vaha hokara hI rahegA. prANI cAhe kitanA bhI nahIM hogA, aura isI prakAra, jo hone vAlA hogA, hogA aura jo bhavitavya hai, vaha binA prayatna ke bhI hogA arthAt niyati ke bala para jo kucha bhI zubha athavA azubha hone bar3A prayatna kyoM na kare, jo kucha nahIM hone vAlA hogA, usakA nAza bhI nahIM ho sakegA. jo bhavitavya nahIM hai, nahIM kintu jisa vyakti ke liye usakI bhavitavyatA nahIM, usakI hathelI meM Akara bhI vaha naSTa ho jAyagA. yaha suna kara kuNDakolika zramaNopAsaka ne deva se pUchA "tumane isa prakAra kI divya devaRddhi, divya devadyuti aura divya deva prabhAva kisa prakAra prApta kiye ? utthAnAdika se prApta kiye athavA anutthAnAdika se ?" "mujhe isa prakAra kI devaRddhi Adi vinA utthAna, karma, bala, vIrya, puruSakAra parAkrama isa para deva ne uttara diyA kiye prApta huI hai." yaha suna kara kuMDako lika ne kahA: "yadi yahI bAta hai to jo jIva utthAna Adi nahIM karate, ve bhI tere jaisI divya deva Rddhi kyoM nahIM prApta kara lete? vastutaH tU ne utthAnAdi se hI deva Rddhi prApta kI hai aura terA kathana mithyA hai." ukta vacana suna kara deva zaMkita ho gayA hai ki gozAla kA mata satya hai yA zramaNa bhagavAn zrI mahAvIra svAmI kA mata satya hai. niyativAda aura puruSArthavAda kA viSaya cirakAla se hI dArzanika kSetra meM vAdavivAda kA viSaya rahA hai. zrI guNaratnasUrikRta 'SaDdarzana samuccayaTIkA' kI prastAvanA meM niyati ke svarUpa kI vivecanA karate hue kahA gayA haite ( niyativAdinaH ) hUyevamAhu niyatirnAma tattvAntaramasti yadvazAdete bhAvAH sarve'pi niyatenaiva rUpeNa prAdurbhAvamaznuvate, nAnyathA, tathAhi yad yadA yato bhavati tattadA tata eva niyatenaiva rUpeNa bhavadupalabhyate, anyathA kAryakAraNavyavasthA pratiniyatarUpa vyavasthA ca na bhavet niyAmakAbhAvAt tata evaM kAryanayatyataH pratIyamAnAmenAM niryAta ko nAma pramANapathakuzalo bAdhituM kSamate ? mA prApad (anyathA ) anyatrApi pramANapathavyAghAtaprasaMga: tathA coktam niyatenaiva rUpeNa sarve bhAvA bhavanti yat, tato nipatitA yete, svarUpAnuSataH / yadyadevayato yAvattattadeva tatastathA, niyataM jAyate nAnyAt ka enAM bAdhituM kSamaH / ukta udAharaNa se spaSTa hai ki niyativAdI niyati ko kAryakAraNa kI niyAmikA zakti ke rUpa meM grahaNa karate haiM yadi niyati na ho to kAryakAraNa kI vyavasthA hI bhaMga ho jAya.
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________________ DA. kanhaiyAlAla sahala : niyati kA svarUpa : 421 0-0--0--0-0----------- niyativiSayaka yaha dRSTikoNa atyanta vaijJAnika hai jisakI tulanA vaidika 'Rta' tathA pAzcAtya dArzanikoM ke niyatavAda (Deteromiinsm) se kI jA sakatI hai, yahA~ yaha samajha lenA Avazyaka hai ki niyati saMbandhI yaha dhAraNA andha bhAgyavAda (Blind fatalism) kI kisI bhI prakAra nahIM hai-jahA~ bhAgya ke devatA ko andhA citrita kiyA gayA hai. babUla kA per3a lagAne se babUla kA per3a hI ugatA hai, anya koI per3a nahIM, isakA kAraNa niyati hI hai, aura kucha nahIM. niyati ke viSaya meM yahI dRSTikoNa kAzmIra zaivAgamoM meM bhI gRhIta huA hai. miTTI se miTTI kA ghar3A hI nirmita hotA hai, svarNa-ghaTa nahIM, isake mUla meM bhI kAryakAraNa kI niyAmikA zakti niyati hI vartamAna hai. makkhali gozAla ke niyativAda kA vAstavika rUpa kyA thA, yaha prazna sahaja hI hamAre mana meM upasthita hotA hai. 'upAsakadazAMga sUtra' meM zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ke tathA makkhali gozAla ke anuyAyiyoM meM jisa prakAra kA vArtAlApa huA hai, usase makkhali bhAgyavAdI, (Fatalist) siddha hote haiM, guNaratnasUrI dvArA pratipAdita niyativAda ke mAnane vAle nahIM. yadi makkhali ke anuyAyI guNaratnasUrI dvArA prastuta niyativAda ke mAnane vAle hote to ve zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra svAmI ke praznoM kA bhalI-bhAMti Uttara de sakate the, unheM niruttara hone kI AvazkatA nahIM thI. makkhali gozAla dvArA kiyA huA niyativAda kA svataMtra vivecana yadi upalabdha ho to makkhali ke niyativAda kA yathArtha rUpa samajhane meM bar3I sahAyatA milegI. zrIparazurAma caturvedI ne 'AjIvakoM kA niyativAdI sampradAya' zIrSaka apane eka lekha meM likhate haiM :'chuTa-puTa avataraNoM ke sahAre bhI yaha anumAna karate adhika vilaMba nahIM lagatA ki makkhali gozAla ke niyativAda meM sAratattva kI kamI nahIM hai. unakI mAnyatA kI AdhAra-zilA yaha pratIta hotI hai ki 'niyata' kisI suvyavasthA ke siddhAMta kA eka vyApaka evaM sarvagrAhI niyama hai jo pratyeka kArya evaM pratyeka dRzya ko mUlataH zAsita kiyA karatA hai, jisa kAraNa manuSya ke karma svAtaMtrya ko koI sthAna nahIM aura na usakI kriyAzakti kA hI koI pariNAma saMbhava hai. vAstava meM yaha niyati eka prakAra ke kisI prAkRtika va vizvAtmaka niyama kI pratIka hai jisake kisI na kisI rUpa ko svayaM bhagavAn buddha evaM mahAvIra ne bhI svIkAra kiyA hai. unake dvArA upadiSTa karmavAda meM bhI eka sarva vyApaka niyama dRSTigocara hotA hai jo sAre vizva ko niyaMtrita evaM zAsita karatA hai, antara kevala yahI ho sakatA hai ki vahA~ para apavAda kI bhI saMbhAvanA hai, isI prakAra sAMkhya darzana ke pariNAmavAda meM bhI hameM niyativAda ke tatva dIkha par3ate haiM, kintu vahA~ para bhI AjIvakoM kI jaisI kaThoratA kA patA nahIM calatA. niyati kI carcA karate samaya makkhali gozAla kA kathana kucha isa prakAra kA thA ki jisa prakAra koI sUta se bharI rIla pheMkane para barAbara ubharatI calI jAtI hai aura vaha usakI pUrI laMbAI taka eka hI prakAra se bar3hatI jAtI hai, usI prakAra cAhe koI mUrkha ho, cAhe koI paMDita hI kyoM na ho, sabhI ko ThIka eka hI niyama kA anusaraNa kara apane duHkha kA anta karanA hai, makkhali gozAla ke isa niyativAda kI dhAraNA ko unake dakSiNI anuyAyiyoM ne kucha aura bhI vikasita kiyA. unhoMne, kadAcit pakudha kaccAyana kI mAnyatA ke anusAra, niyati ko 'avicalitanityatvam' jaisA vizeSaNa athavA nAma diyA jisakA bhAva yaha thA ki vaha sabhI prakAra se aparivartanazIla hai. isa prakAra niyati kA rUpa gatizIla na hokara sarvathA 'nitya sthAyI' (Statie) sA bana jAtA hai jisameM kisI prakAra ke kAla (Time) kI bhI guMjAyaza nahIM rahatI. eka tamila grantha ke anusAra dhana evaM nirdhanatA, pIr3A aura Ananda, kisI eka deza kA nivAsa aura anya dezoM meM bhramaNa-ye sabhI pahale se hI garbha ke bhItara nizcita kara diye gae rahate haiM aura yaha sArA jagat kisI kaThora niyati dvArA zAsita aura paricAlita hai.' makkhali gozAla ke dakSiNI anuyAyiyoM kI vicAradhArA ko yadi eka bAra chor3a deM to ukta uddharaNa ke AdhAra para makkhali usa niyativAda ke samarthaka jAna par3ate haiM jisake anusAra vizva kAryakAraNa ke niyamoM dvArA saMcAlita hai. yaha dRSTikoNa 'upAsakadazAMga sUtra' meM prastuta kiye hue niyativAdI dRSTikoNa se bhinna jAna par3atA hai tathA zrI guNaratnasUri 1. bhAratIya sAhitya (julAI 1958) pR0 26-30 Me Only
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________________ 422 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya ke ullekha se mela khAtA hai. makkhali gozAla ke niyativAda kA tAttvika rUpa vastutaH gaveSya hai. 'niyati' deva kA rUpa hai athavA karma kA yaha prazna vidvAnoM dvArA vicAraNIya hai. devavAdI 'deva' ko hI pratyeka kAryasiddhi kA hetu mAnate haiM kintu jaina dArzanika siddhasena divAkara ne ekAnta kAlavAda, svabhAvavAda, niyativAda, pUrvakRtavAda, puruSArthavAda Adi kI alaga-alaga ekAnta mAnyatA ko mithyAvAda kahate hue ina sabake samudAya ko hI kAryasAdhaka mAnA hai kAlo sahAva yiI puvvakayaM purisakAragaMtA / micchattaM te cetra u, samAsazra hoMti sammataM // -sanmatitarka prakaraNa tRtIya khaNDa gItAkAra ne bhI kisI bhI karma kI siddhi ke liye adhiSThana, karttA, bhinna-bhinna sAdhana, bhinna-bhinna ceSTAe~ tathA deva - ye pA~ca hetu mAne haiM. " 1. paMcaitAni mahAbAho kAraNAni nibodha me / sAMkhye kRtAnte proktAni siddhaye sarvakarmaNAm / / aghiSThAnaM tathA karttA karaNaM ca pRthagvidham / vividhAzca pRthak ceSTA daivaM caivAtra paMcamam //
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________________ muni zrI suzIlakumAra bhikSu jamAlI aura bahuratadRSTivAda bhagavAn mahAvIrake yuga meM, satya ke sambandha meM bahuta kucha socA gayA. vaha eka cintana-pradhAna yuga thA. vicArakoMne vicAra kI maulikatA ke nAte apanA eka viziSTa sthAna banA liyA thA. vicAra eka bahuta bar3I zakti hai. vicArakoM ke bala se hama manuSya ke socane ke DhaMga ko aura siddhAnta sthApita karanevAle dRSTikoNa ko isa prakAra vyavasthita kara dete haiM ki buddhi kI sahI samajha aura sphuraNA se uThe hue bhAvAvega vAstavikatA kA rUpa le lete haiM. jIvana aura jagat ke prati jitanI hamArI dhAraNA hai vaha saba vicArakoM kI dena hai. hamAre vizvAsa aura hamArI zraddhA hameM apane sambandha meM aura jagat ke sambandha meM svarUpa nirdhAraNa karane meM eka mAtra sahAyaka hotI hai. 3 bhagavAn mahAvIrane AtmA ko aura isa sAre jagat ko syAdvAda kI dRSTi se, naya aura nikSepake vargIkaraNa se va bheda aura abheda dRSTi se socA hai. isI taraha bhagavAn buddha ne pUrNa kAzyapa ne prabuddha kAtyAyana ne maMkhalI gozAla ne aura saMjaya velaTThIputta ne bhI isa jagat ke sambandha meM apane-apane DhaMga se vicAra kiyA hai. vaha hamAre rASTra kA svarNa-yuga thA. usa kAla meM maulika vicAra aura maulika darzana hamArI saMpatti bana rahe the. vicAroM kI dRr3hatA aura AcAra kI niSThA usa yuga kI asmitA bana gaI thI. jamAlI usI jamAne ke RSi haiM. bhagavAn mahAvIra ke ve ananyatama ziSya the. sAMsArika sambandha meM ve bahana ke putra hone ke nAte bhAnaje lagate the. aura svayaM bhagavAn mahAvIra kI suputrI kA pariNaya bhI unhIM ke sAtha huA thA, isa nAte bhagavAn mahAvIra ke jAmAtA bhI the. vairAgya-bhAva ke sAtha jamAlI ne 500 rAjakumAroM aura sudarzanA ne 1000 sakhiyoM ke sAtha bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pAsa dIkSA dhAraNa kara lI thI. bhagavAn mahAvIra ke kevala jJAna ke caudaha varSa bAda zrAvastI ke taMdukavana meM yaha carcA uThI thI, jisako hama bahuratadRSTivAda kahate haiM. jamAlI, dhamaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra se alaga ho kara kavana meM vidhAmA gaye to unhoMne apane ziSyoM se kahA ki merA zarIra rugNa hai, bahuta jaldI mere zaiyAsana ko bichA do. darzana kA prArambha jIvana kI bahuta choTI-choTI ghaTanAoM se ho jAyA karatA hai. mAlUma nahIM kaba satya yA satyAbhAsa hameM prApta ho jAye aura usake pIche hama apanA sarvasva lagA deM. aisI hI sthiti jamAlI kI huI. Asana bichAne kI AjJA dene ke bAda jamAlI ne apane ziSyoM se pUchA : 'merA Asana bicha gayA ?' ziSyoM ne kahA : 'hAM'. unakI svIkArokti ke bAda jamAlI jaba bar3I adhIratA ke sAtha pahu~ce to dekhA ki Asana abhI bicha rahA hai. jamAlI ne kahA : 'satya kA vrata lene vAle sAdhaka itanA asatya nahIM bola sakate. Asana jaba taka pUrI taraha bichA nahIM, taba taka biche hone kI bAta kaise kaha sakate haiM ?' ziSyoM ne kahA: "zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra kA yaha siddhAMta hai ki 'calamA calie' aura anta meM "nijjaramANe nijjarie" isake anusAra jisa kAma ko hama kara rahe haiM, usako kara cuke, aisA hameM mAnanA cAhie.' jamAlI kahane lage : 'jaba taka kAma pUrA na ho jAya, jaba taka kriyA uddezya ko paripUrita na kara de, tabataka hama www
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________________ 424 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya 1 aisA nahIM kaha sakate ki vaha kAma ho gayA, agara kahate haiM to usameM asatya lagatA hai. basa itanI-sI bAta para carcA cala par3I. bhagavAn mahAvIra kA siddhAMta aura jamAlI kA tarkavAda donoM eka dUsare ke viruddha morcA banA kara khar3e hogae. jamAlI ke sAdhuoM meM aura sudarzanA kI sAdhviyoM meM yaha carcA cala par3I ki jamAlI kA kathana satya hai yA bhagavAn mahAvIra kA !' sudarzanA jamAlI ke siddhAMtakA samarthana karane lagI. kintu kucha samaya pazcAt hI eka aisI ghaTanA ghaTI ki jisase use apanI bhUla kA patA cala gayA. DhaMka nAma ke prajApati ke yahAM Thaharane kA avasara prApta huA. DhaMka jamAlI ke isa siddhAMta kA virodhI thA aura bhagavAn mahAvIra ke 'calamANe calie' siddhAMta kA upAsaka thA. usane usake sAmane agni kA eka zolA mahAsatI sudarzanAkI sAr3I para girA diyA. girate hI sudarzanA cillA uThI merI sAr3I jala gaI. taba DhaMka ne kahA : 'Apa jamAlI ke siddhAMta ko mAnane vAlI haiM, jaba taka kriyA kI antima pariNati na ho jAya, taba taka Apa yaha nahIM kaha sakatIM ki sAr3I jala gaI, kyoMki zole ne sAr3I nahIM jalAI, abhI to isakA eka hissA hI jalA hai. Apane kaise kaha diyA ki sAr3I jala gaI. bAta to vyavahAra kI thI para usakA asara mana para ho gayA aura jamAlI ke siddhAMta ko eka Aga ke choTe se zole ne tathyahIna kara diyA. sudarzanA ke sAtha anya sAdhviyA~ bhI mahAvIra ke saMgha meM jA milIM. bahuta sAdhu bhI jinake mana meM jamAlI ke siddhAMta ke prati AsthA nahIM huI, bhagavAn mahAvIra ke zramaNa-saMgha meM cale gaye, kintu jamAlI apanI bAta para DaTe rahe aura unake lagAtAra vistana ne bahutaSTavAda ko janma diyA. vyavahAra kA bahuta-sA sambandha jamAlI ke siddhAMta se jur3atA hai. hama bhojana kara rahe haiM to aisA nahIM kaha sakate ki bhojana kara cuke. hama jA rahe hoM to aisA nahIM kahate ki hama jA cuke haiM. hama likha rahe hoM to aisA nahIM kaha sakate ki hama likha cuke haiM agara kahate haiM to vyAvahArika dRSTi se usake sAtha nahIM rahatA. jamAlI ne apane barabAda kI siddhi ke lie jitane tarka die haiM ve saba vyavahAra se lie haiM. bahuratadRSTivAda kA artha yaha hai ki uddezya kI paripUrNatA meM jaba hama saphala ho cuke hoM arthAt bahutAMza yA sarvAMza meM jaba hama kriyA pUrNa kara leM tabhI hameM kisI kArya ko kiyA huA' kahanA cAhie. yahI jamAlI kA darzana thA. vANI satya ke kinAroM se saTa kara cala sake, isa para bar3I zodha huI hai. yadyapi vANI aura satya ko arthAt yathArtha aura bhASA ko Apasa meM jor3ane kI kSamatA pUrNatA se manuSya ko prApta nahIM huI hai. bhASA itanI nirbala aura zaktihIna hai ki vaha apane mana meM uThane vAle kisI gaMbhIra bhAvAvega ko abhivyakti nahIM de sakatI. gur3a khAne ke bAda gur3a kA svAda batAne kA sAmarthya hamArI bhASA meM nahIM hai, 'gUMge kA gur3a' lokokti se Apa yaha mata samajha lIjiye ki gUMgA hI gur3a kA svAda nahIM batA sakatA apitu saMsAra kA koI bhI vyakti nahIM batA sakatA. sabase bar3I kaThinAI yaha hai ki jaba hama satya bolane kI pratijJA lete haiM usa samaya jitanI saralatA pratIta hotI hai, utanA bolane meM satya ko sthApita karanA AsAna nahIM hotA hai. jamAlI satya ke pakSapAtI the, aura satya kI pUrNa rakSA ke vicAra se hI unhoMne bahuratadRSTivAda kI sthApanA kI. jIvana ke anta taka ve isI bAta para DaTe rahe. kintu bhagavAn mahAvIra ke akATya tarkoM aura gaharAiyoM se prApta hue anubhava ke motI itane vAstavika the ki unhoMne bahutadRSTivAda ko sthApita nahIM hone diyA. bhagavAn mahAvIra kA kathana thA ki loga samaya kI sUkSmatA ko aura kriyA kI tIvratA ko pahacAna nahIM pAte haiM. kAla kA sabase choTA hissA, jisake hama Tukar3e na kara sakeM aura jisase aura laghutama kAla kI kalpanA na kara sakeM, eka 'samaya' kahA gayA hai. 'samaya' ko samajhAne ke liye kisI bhI dRSTAMta ke dvArA 'neti neti' prakriyA kA hI avalambana lenA par3atA hai. bhagavAn mahAvIra kahate haiM ki A~kha kI palaka girA dene mAtra meM asaMkhyAta samaya bIta jAte haiM. 'samaya' kitanA sUkSma hai, isase Apa anumAna lagA sakate haiM. phira AlikA, zvAsocchvAsa, prANa, stoka, lava, muhUrta, ahorAtra pakSa mAsa, Rtu, ayana, varSa, yuga, sahasrayuga, pUrva, zaMku, mahApadma, nikharva, truTitAMga aura zIrSaprahelikA taka kI gaNanA to aura bhI vistRta hai. yaha saba gaNanA bhI samaya ko nApane meM asamartha hai. 1. vistAra se jAnane ke lie dekhie vizeSAvazyakasUtra - gA0 2306 se 2332 DORRERO 000000000
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________________ muni suzIlakumAra : bhikSu jamAlI aura bahuratadRSTivAda : 425 ---0-0--0-0-0--0--0--0-0 koI baliSTha navayuvaka apane baliSTha hAthoM se jaba vastra kATatA hai to jamAlI ke anusAra jaba taka vaha pUrA vastra na kATa le taba taka vastra kATA huA nahIM kahA jAsakatA. kintu bhagavAn mahAvIra kahate haiM ki vastra kATane kI prathama kriyA jitanI ho cukI hai, jisameM kitane tantu kaTa cuke aura eka tantu meM kitane reze, aura eka reze meM kitane raja-kaNa aura hara raja meM kitane paramANu pradeza, una sabako kATa kara ke hI vaha vyakti usa vastra ke madhya taka pahu~cA hai. agara Apa kaheM ki pahalA tantu jo usane kATA aura pahale tantu meM rahe hue lakSyAvadhi rajakaNoM ko kATA, vaha saba kATA huA nahIM mAnA jA sakatA, to samUce vastra kA kATanA bhI Apa kaise mAnege ? kyoMki vahI kriyA kATane kI pahale samaya bhI huI aura antima samaya meM bhI vahI kATane kI kriyA kI gaI. koTi-koTi tantuoM ke rajakaNoM ko kATane ko kATanA hama nahIM mAne aura jinako hama kATa cuke haiM unako hama kATa rahe haiM, kaheM to kyA yaha satya ke nikaTa hogA?' Apa bhojana kara rahe haiM, lekina Apa jo grAsa khA cuke aura usa eka grAsa meM kitane bIja aura usa bIja meM rahe hue kitane raja-kaNa, hara rajakaNa meM kitane paramANu-pradeza ko khA cukane para bhI Apa khA rahe haiM. yaha kaise kaheMge ? yahI udAharaNa Apa calane para ghaTAiye, anubhava para ghaTAiye, marane para ghaTAiye, chedana karane meM, bhedana karane meM ghaTAiye athavA kisI para bhI ghaTAiye. Apako isa satya kA darzana hogA ki Apa jise kATa rahe haiM, usako kATa cuke haiM, cala rahe haiM vo cala cuke haiM. anubhava kara raheM haiM, vo kara cuke haiM. agara ise vyavahAra meM ghaTAnA ho to eka bar3A sIdhA udAharaNa hai. koI vyakti apane ghara se amarIkA ke liye cala par3atA hai, aura thor3I dera bAda usakA koI mitra Akara pUchatA hai ki vaha kahA~ gayA ? Apa kahate haiM--amarIkA gayA. bezaka vaha abhI rAste meM hI ho, yA cala rahA ho parantu isa bAta ko sunane ke bAda bhI Apake kathana ko koI asatya nahIM kahatA. jaba ki uddezya ke nAte vaha asatya hai. amarIkA jAne ke nimitta ghara se cala par3ane kA nAma hI amarIkA jAnA mAna liyA, yaha kyoM ? isalie ki yaha eka vyavahAra hai. uddezya ke nAte yaha kathana sarvatra asatya nahIM hai. kintu karmavAda ke kSetra meM jaba hama bhagavAn mahAvIra ke siddhAnta ko ghaTAyeMge, kevala-jJAna kI prApti aura mahA-parinirvANa kI avasthA meM ise lAgU kareMge to hameM bhagavAn mahAvIra ke isa siddhAnta kI saccAI kA darzana hogA. jaisA ki bhagavatI sUtra meM bhagavAn ne kahA hai ki : prathama samaya ke calita karma athavA Adi samaya meM calita karmAza ko uttara samaya kI apekSA calita mAnanA. udaya meM Ae hue karmadalika ke anubhava ko asaMkhyAta samayavartI uttara samayoM kI apekSA vedita mAnanA. bhogate hue karmabhoga ko mukti mAnanA. jIva-pradeza he karmAza ko prahANa karate hue prahINa mAnanA. chedana hote hue karmAza ko chinna, bhedana hote hue karma ke rasAsvAda ko bhinna, dagdha hote hue karmAMza ko dagdha, naSTa hote hue AyuSa karmAza ko mRta aura nirjarita arthAt apunarbhAve rUpa meM kSaya karate hue karmAza ko nirjarita mAnanA hI siddhAnta ke anukUla hai. .. satya kI gaharAI aura karmabandha kI vilakSaNatA, kevalajJAna kI utpatti aura nirvANa kI prApti ke sAre pahaluoM ko samajha liyA jAya to hama ina ekArthaka aura bhinnArthaka vAkyoM kI sacAI ko sahI rUpa se jAna sakate haiM. agara hama samaya kI sUkSmatA meM vizvAsa karate haiM, kriyA kI tIvratA ko mAnate haiM aura skandha, deza, pradeza ke sAre padArthagata sUkSma tantrAtmaka, hissoM ke astitva ko svIkAra karate haiM, to bhagavAn mahAvIra ke siddhAnta ko mAne vinA kisI taraha bhI satya hAtha nahIM laga sakatA. satya ke prati tIrthaMkara bhagavAn kitane jAgarUka the aura kitanI gaharAI se unhoMne hamAre sAmane isa satya kA prakAza anAvrata kiyA hai, usake liye yuga-yuga taka hama unake kRtajJa raheMge. yaha svAbhAvika hai, kintu jamAlI zramaNa ke isa upakAra ko hama nahIM bhulA sakate ki agara vaha bahuratadRSTivAda ke AgrahI siddhAnta ko sthApita na karate to hameM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke satya-siddhAnta ko samajhane meM avazya kaThinAI anubhava hotI. 1. anuyogadvAra sUtra. 2. cala mANe calie. 1, udIrijjamANe udIrie.1, veijjamANe veie 1, pahijjamANe pahINe 1, chijjamANe chinne 1, bhijjamANe bhinne ?, ujjhamANe daDDhe 1, mijjamANe maDe 1, nijjarijjamANe nijijaNNe?
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________________ DA0 bhuvanezvaranAtha mizra, mAdhava ema0e0, pI-eca0 DI0, nidezaka bihAra rASTrabhASA pariSad, paTanA dharma kA vAstavika svarUpa dharma ke tattva ke sambandha meM vibhinna mata paMtha sampradAyoM meM nAnA prakAra ke vitaMDAvAda Aja bhI pracalita haiM aura zAyada sadA pracalita raheMge. isameM mukhya hetu kadAcit yahI hai ki pratyeka mata-paMtha yA sampradAya ke vyakti apane-apane mata paMtha yA sampradAya ke saMkIrNa dAyare se bAhara kI bAteM soca samajha nahIM pAte yA socanA samajhanA nahIM cAhate. isIlie dharma ke kSetra meM prAyaH kUpamaMDUkatA kA hI bola-bAlA hai aura isIlie dharma ke nAma para saMsAra meM itanA adharma ho rahA hai. aura itihAsa sAkSI hai ki dharma ke nAma para kyA-kyA anAcAra aura raktapAta nahIM hue. astu, Azcarya nahIM ki Aja ke pragatizIla vyakti, dharma kA nAma suna-suna kara nAka bhauMha sikar3ane lagate haiM aura ise aphIma kI saMjJA de baiThate haiM. unakI dRSTi meM dharma eka nazA hai jisakA sevana karane vAle dharmAdha ho kara saba kukarma karane para utAru ho jAte haiM aura jIvana ke sAmAnya ziSTAcAra ke niyamoM se bhI A~kheM banda kara lete haiM. dharma zabda kA yathArtha paryAyavAcI zabda na aMgrejI bhASA meM hai, na vizva kI kisI bhI anya bhASA meM hai. dharma zabda 'dhR' dhAtu se banA hai, jisakA artha hai dhAraNa karanA, poSaNa karanA. vaizeSika darzana ke anusAra dharma kI paribhASA hai. 'yato'bhyudayaniHzreyas-siddhiH sadharma:' arthAt jisase laukika abhyudaya aura pAralaukika niHzreyas (kalyANa athavA mokSa) kI siddhi ho vahI dharma hai. mahaSi jaiminI dharma kI paribhASA eka vyApaka pariveza meM karate haiM--"codanAlakSaNo dharmaH" arthAt zrutismRti dvArA bodhita artha hI dharma hai. saca to yaha hai ki zruti smRti hI dharma kA prANa hai aura unake vacana hI dharmamArga meM agrasara hone kI preraNA dete rahate haiM : zrutistu vedo vijJeyo, dharma-zAstra tu vai smRtiH , te sarvArtheSvamImAMsye tAbhyAM hi dharmo nirvbhau| parantu zrutiyAM bhI aneka haiM aura smRtiyAM bhI aneka haiM. aura unameM mataikya nahIM. ve bhinna-bhinna matoM kA pratipAdana karatI haiM, aisI avasthA meM vicAraka yA dharmasAdhaka kyA kareM ? aisI avasthA meM 'mahAjano ye na gataH sa paMthA' jisa mArga se mahApuruSa calate hoM vahI niSkaMTaka hai. yahAM mahApuruSa kA artha hai zreSThajana, Adarza, dharmaprANa vyakti, jisane apane loka-paraloka ko saMvAra liyA hai. jo mukta hai yA mokSArthI hai, na ki laukika pada maryAdA yA mAna-pratiSThA ke kAraNa mahAn bana baiThA hai. aise hI mahApuruSa sUtra batalA gaye haiM jinakA pathadarzana mAnavatA ko kalyANapatha para agrasara karatA rahegA. ve kahate haiM : zrUyatAM dharmasarvasvaM zrutvA caivAvadhAryatAm , zrAtmanaH pratikUlAni na pareSAM samAcaret / vidvadbhiH sevitaH saminityaM avagharAgibhiH , hRdayenAbhyanujJAto yo dharmastaM nibodhata / zlokArdhana pravakSyAmi yaduktaM granthakoTibhiH , paropakAraH puNyAya, pApAya parapIDanam / arthAt dharma kA yaha rahasya suno aura sunakara hRdaya meM dhAraNa karo jise apane lie burA samajhate ho use dUsaroM ke Jain Elu Lintematinnal aatai-Records-only merjanmeniorary.org
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________________ DA0 bhuvanezvaranAtha mizra, mAdhava : dharma kA vAstavika svarUpa : 427 ke lie mata karo. vidvAnoM ne, saMtoM ne, aura sadA rAgadveSa se mukta vItarAga puruSoM ne jisakA sevana kiyA hai aura jise hRdaya ne mAna liyA hai vahI dharma hai, use jAno. karor3oM graMthoM meM jo kahA gayA hai use maiM Adhe zloka meM kahUMgA : dUsaroM kA bhalA karane se puNya hotA hai aura burA karane se pApa. gosvAmI tulasIdAsajI isI ko kahate haiM : parahita sarisa dharama nahiM bhAI, parapIr3A sama nahiM adhamAI / sUrya, candra, vAyu, agni, AkAza, pRthvI, jala, hRdaya, yama, dina aura rAta sAMjha aura saberA aura svayaM dharma manuSya ke AcaraNa ko jAnate haiM, yAnI manuSya apanA kArya vicAra yA karma ina se chipA nahIM sakatA. 'dharmasya tattvaM nihitaM guhAyA' kA udghATana RSiyoM ne, saMtoM ne, muniyoM ne apane anubhUta AcaraNa aura Acarita anubhaya ke AdhAra para yatra tatra kiyA hai. manu ne cAroM vargoM ke lie bahuta hI saMkSepa meM dharmAcaraNa kA saMketa kiyA hai : ahiMsA satyamasteyaM zaucamindriya nigrahaH , etaM sAmAsika dharma cAturvaNye'bravInmanuH / hiMsA na karanA, satya bolanA, corI na karanA, pavitratA kA pAlana karanA, indriyoM para kAbU rakhanA--manune cAroM varNa ke liye thor3e meM yaha dharma kahA hai. ahiMsA kA artha kevala 'siMsA na karanA' hI nahIM hai. usakA vAstavika artha hai'AtmavatsarthabhUteSu." isI prakAra satyaM kA artha kevala saca bolane taka hI sImita nahIM, usakA artha hai sacitAnanda svarUpa paramAtmA meM sthita hokara AcaraNa karanA. isI prakAra asteya, zauca aura indriyanigraha bhI vyApaka arthoM meM vyavahRta huye haiM. parantu ina zabdoM kA jo sAmAnya bhAva hai usI kA anusaraNa karane para viziSTa bhAvaloka ke dvAra unmukta hoMge jahAM dharma se vastutaH sAkSAtkAra hogA. jo jJAnI aura tattvadarzI haiM unake caraNoM meM Adara aura bhakti pUrvaka sASTAMga paNipAta dvArA, unakI ahaitukI sevA meM apane ko lInakara ke tathA atyanta vinamratApUrvaka jijJAsubhAva se unase pariprazna karake dharma kA tattva jAnA jA sakatA hai. aisA gItA upadeza karatI hai : tadviddhi praNipAtena paripraznena sevayA , upadecyanti te jJAnaM jJAninastatvadarzinaH / zvembara upaniSad meM IzvarIya zakti se anuprANita maharSi ne vizva ke sAmane khar3e hokara usI amara sandeza kI ghoSaNA kI: zRNvantu vizve amRtasya putrAH, aAye dhAmAni divyAni tasthuH / vedAhametaM puruSaM mahAntam, AdityavarNa tamasaH parastAt / tameva viditvA'timRtyumeti, nAnyaH paMthA vidyate'yanAya / he amRtaputra ! anAdi purAtana puruSa ko pahacAnanA hI ajJAna evaM mAyA se pare jAnA hai. kevala usa puruSa ko jAnakara hI loga jJAnI bana sakate haiM, mRtyu ke cakkara se chUTa sakate haiM aura koI mArga hai nahIM. yaha nirmala jJAna hI dharma kI AtmA hai. saca to yaha ki saMsAra meM jJAna ke sadRza pavitra karane vAlA tattva niHsandeha kucha bhI nahIM hai, chAndogya upaniSad meM isI satya kA samarthana hai : 'saca eSoNimA etAtmya midaM sarvaM tatsatyaM sa AtmA tatvamasi zveta keto iti.' apanI AtmA ko jAnanA pahacAnanA aura usI meM sthita hokara AcaraNa karanA-'svasya ca priyamAtmanaH' yahI dharmAcaraNa kA kendra-bindu hai. kaThopaniSad meM usa puruSa ke svarUpa ke sambandha meM AyA hai : mayAdagnistapati mayAttapati sUryaH, mayAdindrazca vAyuzya mRtyurdhAvati paMcamaH / usI ke bhaya se agni tapatI hai, usI ke bhaya se sUrya prakAza detA hai--usI ke bhaya se indra aura vAyu apanA kAma karate haiM aura usI ke bhaya se mRtyu bhI bhayabhIta hai. isa prakAra dharma kI AtmA kA jaba sAkSAtkAra ho jAtA hai to sabhI vibhinna dharmoM, matoM, paMthoM, sampradAyoM meM usI eka Jain EL m melionery.org
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________________ 428 : muni zrI hajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya kA akhaNDa avichinna sUtra hAtha laga jAtA hai aura samasta vinAzazIloM meM avinAzItattva - ' vinazyatsu avinazyantaM' kA svarNasUtra hAtha laga jAne para mAnava vizvakalyANa kI kAmanA se otaprota hokara isakA udghoSa karatA hai-- sarve bhavantu sukhinaH sarve santu nirAmayAH, sarve bhadrANi pazyaMtu mA kazcidduHkhabhAgbhavet / durjanaH sajjano bhUSAt saJjanaH zAntimApnuyAt zAntaH mucyet baMdhebhyo muktazcAnyAn vimocayet / saMsAra meM sabhI jIvajantu kITa pataMga sthAvara jaMgama sukhIhoM, sabhI nirAmaya hoM, sabhI kalyANa kAmI maMgaladRSTisampanna hoM kisI ko bhI kisI prakAra dukha na ho. durjanoM meM sajjanatA A jAya, sajjanoM ko zAnti prApta ho, jo zAnta haiM ve baMdhanoM se mukta ho jAe~ aura jo mukta haiM ve mAyAbaddha jIvoM ko mukta kareM.
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________________ paM0 hIrAlAla jaina siddhAntazAstrI, nyAyatIrtha guNasthAna anAdi kAla se yaha jIva ajJAna ke vazIbhUta hokara viSaya aura kaSAya meM pravRtti karatA huA saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatA calA A rahA hai, yadyapi apane isa paribhramaNa-kAla meM jIva ne caurAsI lAkha yoniyoM ke ananta utAra-car3hAva dekhe haiM, puNya kA upArjana kara manuSya aura devoM ke divya sukhoM ko bhI bhogA hai aura pApa kA saMcaya kara nATakoM aura pazupakSiyoM ke mahAn duHkhoM kA bhI anubhava kiyA hai, tathApi Aja taka apane Atma-svarUpa kA sAkSAtkAra yA yathArtha jJAna nahIM ho sakane se bhava-bandhanoM se mukti pAne ke liye prayatna karane para bhI vaha saphala nahIM ho sakA hai. Atma-svarUpa kA darzana nahIM ho sakane ke kAraNa isa jIva kI dRSTi anAdi se hI viparIta ho rahI hai aura usI ke kAraNa AtmA se bhinna parapadArthoM ko yaha apanA mAnakara unhIM kI prApti ke liye aharniza prayatna karatA rahatA hai aura icchAnusAra unake prApta nahIM ho sakane se Akula-vyAkula rahatA hai. jIva kI isa viparIta dRSTi ke kAraNa hI jaina zAstrakAroM ne use mithyAdRSTi yA bahirAtmA kahA hai. bahirAtmA apanI mithyAdRSTi ko chor3akara kisa prakAra antarAtmA yA yathArtha dRSTivAlA samayagdRSTi banatA hai aura kisa prakAra Age Atma-vikAsa karate hue paramAtmA bana jAtA hai, usake isa kramika vikAsa ke sopAnoM kA nAma hI guNasthAna hai. bahirAtmA ne paramAtmA banane ke liye Atmika guNoM kI uttarottara prApti karate hue isa jIva ko jina-jina sthAnoM se gujaranA par3atA hai unheM hI jaina-zAstroM meM 'guNasthAna' kahA hai. guNasthAnoM ke caudaha bheda haiM, jo isa prakAra haiM : 1 mithyAdRSTi, 2 sAsAdana samyagdRSTi, 3 samyagmithyAdRSTi, 4 adhirata-samyagdRSTi, 5 dezasaMyata, 6 pramattasaMyata, 7 apramattasaMyata, 8 apUrvakaraNa saMyata, 6 anivRttikaraNa saMyata, 10 sUkSmasAmparAya saMyata, 11 upAzAnta kaSAya saMyata, 12 vItarAgachadmastha saMyata, 13 sayogikevalI guNasthAna aura 14 ayogikevalI guNasthAna. (1) midhyAdRSTi guNasthAna : jaba taka jIva ko AtmasvarUpa kA darzana nahIM hotA taba taka vaha mithyAdRSTi kahalAtA hai. saMsAra ke bahubhAga prANI isI prathama guNasthAna kI bhUmikA meM raha rahe haiM. ye mithyAdRSTi jIva zarIra kI utpatti ko hI AtmA kI utpatti aura zarIra ke maraNa ko hI AtmA kA maraNa mAnate haiM. zarIra kI surUpatA-kurUpatA aura sabalatAnirbalatA ko hI apanA svarUpa mAnate haiM. puNya-pApa ke udaya se hone vAlI indriyajanita sukha-dukha kI pariNati ko hI AtmasvarUpa mAnate haiM aura isI kAraNa iSTa-viyoga yA aniSTa-saMyoga ke hone para ve asIma duHkhoM kA anubhava karate rahate haiM. jaba kisI suguru ke nimitta se isa mithyAdRSTi jIvako Atma-svarUpakA upadeza prApta hotA hai, taba isakI kaSAya maMda hotI hai, Atma-pariNAmoM meM vizuddhi bar3hatI hai aura yaha Atma svarUpa ko prApta karane ke liye udyata hotA hai. Atma-pariNAmoM kI vizuddhi ke kAraNa isake anAdi kAla se lage hue karmoM kA udaya bhI manda hotA hai, navIna karmoM kA bandha bhI bahuta halakA ho jAtA hai aura rAga-dveSa kI pariNati bhI dhImI par3atI hai. aise samaya meM hI yaha jIva karaNa-labdhi ke dvArA apane anAdikAlIna mithyAtvarUpa mahAmoha kA anantAnubandhI krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobharUpa tIvra kaSAyoM kA upazamana karake saccI Atma-dRSTi ko prApta karatA hai arthAt Atma-sAkSAtkAra karatA hai. isa avasthA ko hI zAstrIya bhASA meM Jain Education Interational
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________________ 430 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya asaMyatasamyagdRSTi nAmaka cauthe guNasthAna kI prApti kahate haiM. mithyAdRSTi jIva AtmasAkSAtkAra ke hote hI prathama guNasthAna se eka dama U~cA uThakara caturtha guNasthAnavartI bana jAtA hai. mithyAdaSTi jIva ke darzanamohanIya karma anAdikAla se abhI taka eka mithyAtva ke rUpa meM hI calA A rahA thA. kintu kaNalabdhi ke pratApa se usake tIna khaNDa ho jAte haiM, jinheM zAstrIya zabdoM meM kramazaH mithyAtva, samyagmithyAtva aura samyaktvaprakRti kahate haiM. jIva ko prathama vAra jo samyagdarzana hotA hai use prathamopazamasamyaktva kahate haiM. isakA kAla antarmuhUrtamAtra hai. isa kAla ke samApta hote hI yaha jIva samyaktvarUpa parvata se nIce giratA hai. usa kAla meM yadi samyagmithyAtva prakRti kA udaya A jAve, to vaha tIsare guNasthAna meM pahu~catA hai aura yadi anantAnubandhI krodhAdi kisI kaSAya kA udaya AjAve, to dUsare guNasthAna meM pahu~catA hai. tadanantara mithyAtvakarma kA udaya AtA hai aura yaha jIva punaH mithyAdRSTi bana jAtA hai arthAt pahale guNasthAna meM A jAtA hai. isa saba ke kahane kA sAra yaha hai ki dUsare aura tIsare guNasthAna jIva ke utthAna kAla meM nahIM hote, kintu patanakAla meM hI hote haiM. (2) sAsadanasamyagdRSTi guNasthAna : jaisA ki Upara batalAyA gayA hai, isa guNasthAna kI prApti jIva ko samyaktvadazA se patita hote samaya hotI hai. sAsAdana kA artha samyaktva yA samyagdarzana kI virAdhanA hai. samyagdarzana ke virAdhaka jIva ko sAsAdanasamyagdRSTi kahate haiM. ise sAsvAdana samyagdRSTi bhI kahate haiM. jaise koI jIva mIThI khIra ko khAve aura tatkAla hI yadi use vamana ho jAya, to vamana karate hue bhI vaha khIra kI miThAsa kA anubhava karatA hai. isI prakAra samyagdRSTi jIva jaba karmodaya kI tIvratA se samyaktva kA vamana karatA hai, to usa vamana kAla meM bhI use samyagdarzanakAla bhAvI Atmavizuddhi kA AbhAsa hotA rahatA hai kintu jaise kisI UMce sthAna se girane vAle vyakti kA AkAza meM adhara rahanA adhika kAla taka sambhava nahIM hai, isI prakAra samyagdarzana se girate hue yaha jIva dUsare guNasthAna meM eka samaya se lagAkara 6 AvalI kAla taka adhika se adhika rahatA hai. tatpazcAt niyama se mithyAtva karma kA udaya AtA hai aura jIva pahale guNasthAna meM jA pahu~catA hai. kAla ke saba se sUkSma aMza ko samaya kahate haiM aura asaMkhyAta samaya kI eka AvalI hotI hai. yaha chaha AvalIpramANa kAla bhI eka minaTa se bahuta choTA hotA hai. (3) samyagmithyAdRSTi : cauthe guNasthAna kI asaMyata samyagdRSTi dazA meM rahate hue jIva ke jaba mohanIya karma kI samyagmithyAtvaprakRti kA udaya AtA hai, to yaha jIva cauthe guNasthAna se girakara tIsare guNasthAna meM A jAtA hai. samyagmithyAtva prakRti ke udaya se tIsare guNasthAnavI jIva ke pariNAma na to zuddha samyaktvarUpa hI hote haiM aura na zuddha mithyAtvarUpa hI hote haiM. kintu ubhayAtmaka (mizrarUpa) hote haiM. jaise dahI aura cInI kA milA huA svAda na to kevala dahI rUpa khaTTA hI anubhava meM AtA hai aura na cInI rUpa mIThA hI. kintu donoM kA milA huA khaTa-miTTArUpa eka tIsarI hI jAti kA svAda AtA hai. isI prakAra tIsare guNasthAnavI jIva ke pariNAma na to yathArtha rUpa hI rahate haiM aura na ayathArtharUpa hI. kintu yathArtha-ayathArtha ke sammizrita pariNAma hote haiM. isa guNasthAna kA kAla bhI adhika se adhika eka antama hurta hI hai. muhUrta kA matalaba do ghar3I yA 48 minaTa hai. usameM eka samaya kama kAla ko utkRSTa antarmaharta kahate haiM. eka samaya adhika AvalI kAla ko jaghanya antarmuhUrta kahate haiM. Age eka-eka samaya kI vRddhi karate hue utkRSTa antarmuhUrta prApta hone taka madhyavartI kAla ko madhya antarmuhUrta kahate haiM. isa madhyama antarmuharta ke asaMkhyAta bheda hote haiM. so isa tIsare guNasthAna kA kAla yathAsaMbhava madhyama antarmuhUrta jAnanA cAhie. itanA vizeSa hai ki isa guNasthAna vAlA jIva yadi sambhala jAve to turanta car3ha kara cauthe guNasthAna meM pahu~ca sakatA hai, anyathA nIce ke guNasthAnoM meM usakA patana nizcata hI hai.. (4) asaMyatasamyagdRSTi guNasthAna : jaisA ki pahale batalAyA gayA hai, jIva ko yathArthadRSTi prApta hote hI cauthA guNasthAna prApta ho jAtA hai. yaha yathArtha dRSTi-jise ki samyagdarzana kahate haiM-tIna prakAra kI hotI hai-aupathamika, kSAyika aura kSAyopazamika. darzanamohanIya kI mithyAtva samyagmithyAtva aura samyaktva ina tIna prakRtiyoM tathA cAritra mohanIya karma kI anantAtubandhI krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ye cAra prakRtiyA~, isa prakAra sAta prakRtiyoM ke upazama Jain Education Intemational
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________________ paM0 hIrAlAla jaina : guNasthAna : 431 se aupazamika samyagdarzana prApta hotA hai. jIva ko sarvaprathama isI samyagdarzana kI prApti hotI hai, kintu isakA kAla antarmuhUrta hI hai, ataH usake pazcAt vaha samyaktva se gira jAtA hai phira aura mithyAdRSTi bana jAtA hai. punaH yaha jIva Upara car3hane kA prayatna karatA hai aura batalAI huI sAtoM prakRtiyoM kA kSayopazama karake kSAyopazamika samyagdRSTi banatA hai. isa samyagdarzana kA kAla antarmahurta se lagAkara 66 sAgara taka hai. arthAt kisI jIva ko yadi kSAyopazamika samyagdarzana lagAtAra banA rahe-to usake deva aura manuSyabhava meM praribhramaNa karate hue lagAtAra 66 sAgara taka banA raha sakatA hai. jaba jisa jIva kA saMsAra bilkula hI kama raha jAtA hai, taba vaha kSAyopazamika samyagdRSTi jIva, ukta sAtoM hI prakRtiyoM kA kSaya karake kSAyika samyagdRSTi banatA hai. yaha jIva saMsAra meM adhika se adhika tIna bhava taka rahatA hai. usake pazcAt caudhe bhava meM niyama se hI mukti prApta kara letA hai. isa guNasthAnavI jIva kI bAhirI kriyAoM meM aura mithyAdRSTi kI bAhirI kriyAoM meM koI khAsa antara dikhAI nahIM detA, para antaraMga kI pariNati meM AkAza-pAtAla jaisA antara ho jAtA hai. jahA~ mithyAdRSTi kI pariNati sadA malIna aura ArtaraudradhyAna-pracura hotI hai, vahA~ samyagdRSTi kI pariNati ekadama prazastha, vizuddha aura dharmadhyAnamaya ho jAtI hai. cAritramohanIya karma ke tIvra udaya hone se yadyapi cauthe guNasthAna vAlA jIva vrata-zIla-saMyamAdi kA raMca mAtra bhI pAlana nahIM karatA hai, indriyoM ke viSayoM kI pravRtti bhI barAbara banI rahatI hai tathApi mithyAdRSTi dazA meM jo indriyoM ke viSaya-sevana meM usakI tIvra Asakti thI,vaha ekadama ghaTa jAtI hai. vaha anAsakta rahatA huA hI indriyoM ke viSayoM kA sevana karatA hai, anyAyapUrvaka AjIvikA kA parityAga kara detA hai aura nyAya-nIti se hI dhanAdika kA upArjana karake apanA aura apane kuTumba kA bharaNapoSaNa karatA hai. jaise jala meM rahate hue bhI kamala jala se alipta rahatA hai, usI prakAra yaha asaMyata samyagdRSTi jIva ghara meM rahate hue bhI usase alipta rahatA hai aura indriyabhogoM ko bhogate hue bhI unameM anAsakta rahatA hai. (5) dezasaMyata guNasthAna : cauthe guNasthAna meM rahate hue jIva AtmavikAsa kI ora agrasara hotA hai, taba use aisA vicAra utpanna hotA hai ki maiM jina bhogoM ko bhoga rahA hU~ ye bhI karmabandhana ke kAraNa haiM, vinazvara haiM aura anta meM duHkhoM ko hI dene vAle haiM, taba vaha hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, abrahmacarya aura parigraha ina pA~coM pApoM kA sthUla tyAga karatA hai arthAt aba maiM kisI bhI trasaprANI kA saMkalpapUrvaka ghAta nahIM karUMgA, aisI pratijJA karake ahiMsANuvrata ko aMgIkAra karatA hai. Aja se maiM rAjya-viruddha, samAja-viruddha, deza-viruddha aura dharma-viruddha asatya nahIM bolUMgA, isa prakAra se sthUla jhUTha kA parityAga karake satyAraNuvrata ko svIkAra karatA hai. aba maiM binA diye kisI kI vastu ko nahIM lUMgA. maiM dAyAda (bhAgIdAra) kA haka nahIM chInUgA, rAjya ke TaiksoM kI corI nahIM karUMgA, isa prakAra se sthUla corI kA tyAga karake acauryANavrata kA pAlana karatA hai. apanI vivAhitA strI ke atirikta saMsAra kI strImAtra ko apanI mAM, bahina aura beTI ke samAna samajha kara una para bure bhAva se dRSTipAta nahIM karUMgA, isa prakAra sthUla kuzIla kA tyAga karake brahmacaryANuvrata ko aMgIkAra karatA hai. aura apanI AvazyakatAoM ko sImita rakhatA huA anAvazyaka parigraha ke saMgraha kA parityAga kara parigrahaparimANAraNuvrata ko svIkAra karatA hai. tathA ina hI pA~coM aNuvratoM kI rakSA aura vRddhi ke liye tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvrata rUpa sAta zIlavratoM ko bhI dhAraNa karatA hai. isa prakAra vaha samyagdarzana ke sAtha zrAvaka ke ukta 12 vratoM kA pAlana karate hue Adarza gRhasthajIvana bitAtA hai. mithyAdRSTi jIva kI apekSA asaMyatasamyagdRSTi jIva ke pariNAmoM kI vizuddhi anantaguNI adhika hotI hai aura avirata samyagdRSTi kI apekSA isa dezasaMyata jIva ke pariNAmoM kI vizuddhi aura bhI anantaguNI hotI hai. isa guNasthAna vAlA saMsAra se uttarottara virakta hote hue apane Arambha aura parigraha ko bhI ghaTAtA jAtA hai aura zrAvaka ke pratimArUpa meM jo gyAraha darje zAstroM meM batalAye gaye haiM, unako aMgIkAra karatA huA apane Atmika guNoM kA vikAsa karatA rahatA hai. anta meM sarva Arambha kA tyAgakara, zuddha brahmacarya ko dhAraNa kara apanI strI kA bhI parityAga kara, tathA ghara-bAra ko bhI chor3a kara yA to sAdhu banane kI ora agrasara hotA hai yA jIvana ko alpa samajhakara sallekhanA ko dhAraNa kara samAdhimaraNapUrvaka apane zarIra kA parityAga karatA hai. SOD .0.0.. ko RSIOSkA ___Jaintameterminoine min elibrary.org
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________________ 432 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya ------------------ isa guNasthAna kA kAla kama se kama antarmuhUrta hai aura adhika se adhika ATha varSa aura eka antarmuhurta se kama eka pUrva koTI varSa hai jo ki karma bhUmija manuSya kI utkRSTa Ayu vAle ke hI sambhava hai. (6) pramattasaMyata guNasthAna : gRhasthadharma kA pAlana karate hue bhI jaba yaha jIva anubhava karatA hai ki maiM kitanI hI sAvadhAnI kyoM na rakhU, kuTumba Adi ke nimitta se yA dhanopArjanAdi ke kAraNa merI Atmika zAnti meM bAdhA par3atI hI hai, taba vaha apane parivAra se bhI nAtA tor3a kara aura ghara-bAra kA bhI parityAga kara sAdhu banane ke liye taiyAra hotA hai. aisI dazA meM vaha hiMsAdi pA~coM pApoM kA sarvathA parityAga kara AjIvana ke liye ahiMsAdi paMca mahAvratoM ko aMgIkAra karatA hai, ghara meM rahanA chor3akara sAdhujanoM ke sAtha nivAsa karatA hai aura bhikSAvRtti se niruddiSTi AhAra letA huA apane saMyama kI sAdhanA meM saMlagna ho jAtA hai. yadyapi yaha saMyama kA pAlana karatA hai, ata: saMyata hai. tathApi isake jaba taka pramAda kA sadbhAva banA rahatA hai taba taka use pramattasaMyata karate haiM. isa guNasthAna kA jaghanya aura utkRSTa kAla bhI antarmuharta hI hai. isalie sAdhu ke sadA-pramattadazA nahIM rahatI hai, kintu thor3I dera meM vaha sAvadhAna hokara Atmacintana karatA rahatA hai. jaba vaha Atma-cintana karatA hai, taba usake apramattadazA A jAtI hai. isa prakAra vaha sadA pramattadazA se apramattadazA meM aura apramattadazA se pramattadazA meM AtA jAtA rahatA hai. saMjvalana kaSAya aura nava nokaSAyoM kA udaya hone para mahAvratoM ke paripAlana meM kinhIM kAraNoM se jo anutsAha hotA hai use pramAda kahate haiM. pramAda ke 15 bheda paramAgama meM batalAye haiM-cAra kaSAya (krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha) cAra vikathAe~ (strIkathA, rAjakathA, AhArakathA aura dezakathA) pA~ca indriyoM ke viSayoM kI ora jhukAva, praNaya (sneha) aura nidrA. sAdhu sadA Atma-cintana meM nirata nahIM raha sakatA hai, ata: usakI pravRtti ina 15 pramAdoM meM se kisI na kisI pramAda kI ora ghar3I-Adha ghar3I ke liye hotI rahatI hai. jitanI dera usakI pravRtti pramAda rUpa rahatI hai, usa samaya usakI pramatta saMjJA hai aura vaha pA~coM pApoM kA yAvajjIvana ke liye sarvathA tyAga kara cukA hai, ata: saMyama-dhAraNa karane ke kAraNa saMyata hai. isa prakAra vaha pramattasaMyata kahA jAtA hai. (7) apramattasaMyata : jaisA ki Upara batalAyA gayA hai, sAdhu kI sAvadhAna-dazA kA nAma hI sAtavA~ guNasthAna hai. jitanI dera Atma-cintana aura usake manana meM jAgarUka rahatA hai, utanI dera ke liye hI baha sAtaveM guNasthAna meM pahu~catA hai, aura kisI eka pramAda rUpa pariNati ke prakaTa hote hI chaThe guNasthAna meM A jAtA hai. yadyapi ina chaThe aura sAtaveM guNasthAna kA kAla sAdhAraNataH antarmuhUrta batalAyA gayA hai, tathApi chaThe guNasthAna se sAtaveM guNasthAna kA kAla AdhA hai. isakA yaha artha hai ki sAdhu Atma-cintana meM saMlagna raha kara jitanI dera antarmukha rahatA hai usase adhika kAla taka vaha bahirmukha rahatA hai. yahA~ itanA vizeSa jJAtavya hai ki jina sAdhuoM kI pravRtti nirantara bahirmukhI dekhane meM AtI hai, jo nirantara khAna-pAna kI hI carcA karate rahate haiM, vikathAoM meM vyasta aura nidrA meM masta rahate haiM, samajha lIjie ki ve bhAvaliMgI sAdhu nahIM haiM. vyAkhyAna dete, khAna-pAna karate aura calate phirate meM bhI bhAvaliMgI sAdhu sadA sAvadhAna rahegA aura ukta kAryoM ke karate hue bhI bIca-bIca meM use vicAra AtA hogA ki-"Atman tuma kahA~ bhaTaka rahe ho! yaha bAtacIta, khAnapAna aura gamanAgamanAdi to tumhArA svabhAva nahIM haiM. phira bhI tuma abhI taka inameM apanA amUlya samaya vyatIta kara AtmasvarUpa se parAGmukha ho rahe ho" aisA vicAra Ate hI vaha AtmAbhimukha ho jAyagA. vartamAna kAla meM koI bhI sAdhu sAtaveM guNasthAna se Upara ke guNasthAnoM meM nahIM car3ha sakatA hai, kyoMki Upara car3hane ke yogya na to uttama saMhananAdi Aja haiM aura na manuSyoM meM utanI pAtratA hI hai. kintu jisa kAla meM sarva prakAra kI pAtratA aura sAdhana-sAmagrI sulabha hotI hai, usa samaya sAdhu Upara ke guNasthAnoM meM car3hatA hai. sAtaveM guNasthAna se lekara bAharaveM guNasthAna taka kA kAla parama samAdhi kA hai. parama samAdhi kI dazA chadmastha jIva ke antarmuhUta kAla se adhika nahIM raha sakatI hai. isalie sAtaveM, AThaveM Adi eka-eka guNasthAna kA kAla bhI antarmuhUrta hai aura sabakA sAmUhika kAla bhI antarmuhUrta hI hai, aisA jAnanA cAhie. M MLate Jain Ed lary.org
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________________ paM0 hIrAlAla jaina : guNasthAna : 433 ---------------- sAtava guNasthAna ke do bheda haiM-1 svasthAna-apramatta aura 2 sAtizaya apramatta. sAtaveM se chaThe meM aura chaThe se sAtaveM guNasthAna meM AnA jAnA svasthAna-apramattasaMyata ke hotA hai. kintu jo sAdhu mohanIya karma kA upazama yA kSaya karane ke lie udyata hote haiM, sAtizaya apramatta dazA unhIM sAdhuoM kI hotI hai. usa samaya dhyAna avasthA meM hI mohanIya karma ke upazamana yA kSapaNa ke kAraNabhUta adhaHkaraNa, apUrvakaraNa aura anivRtti karaNa nAma vAle eka viziSTa jAti ke pariNAma jIva meM prakaTa hote haiM, jinake dvArA yaha jIva mohanIya karma kA upazanama yA kSapaNa karane meM samartha hotA hai. inameM se adhaHkaraNa rUpa viziSTa pariNAma sAtizayaapramattasaMyata ke arthAt sAtaveM guNasthAna meM hI prakaTa hote haiM. ina pariNAmoM ke dvArA vaha saMyata moha karma ke upazaya yA kSaya ke lie utsAhita hotA hai. Age ke guNasthAnoM kA svarUpa jAnane se pahale yaha jAna lenA Avazyaka hai ki AThaveM guNasthAna se do zreNiyA~ prArambha hotI haiM.-upazamazreNI aura kSapakazreNI. upazamazreNI ke 4 guNasthAna haiM: AThavA~, nauvA, dazavAM aura gyArahavA~. kSapakazreNI ke bhI 4 guNasthAna haiM-AThavA~, nauvA~, dazavA~ aura bArahavAM kSapakazreNI para kevala tadbhavamokSagAmI kSAyika samgyadRSTi sAdhu hI car3ha sakatA hai, anya nahIM. kintu upazamazreNI para tadbhavamokSagAmI aura atadbhavamokSagAmI tathA aupazamika samyagdRSTi aura kSAyika samyagdRSTi donoM prakAra ke jIva car3ha sakate haiM. kintu itanA nizcita jAnanA cAhie ki upazamazreNI para car3hane vAlA sAdhu gyArahaveM guNasthAna meM pahu~ca kara aura antarmuhUrta ke lie mohanIyakarma kA pUrNa upazamana karake vItarAgatA kA anubhava karane ke pazcAt bhI niyama se nIce giratA hai. yadi vaha saMbhalanA cAhe to chaThesAtaveM guNasthAna meM Thahara jAtA hai, anyAthA nIce ke bhI guNasthAnoM meM jA sakatA hai. kintu jo tadbhavamokSagAmI aura kSAyika samyagyadRSTi jIva haiM, ve sAtaveM guNasthAna meM pahuMca kara phira bhI mohakarma kI kSapaNA ke liye prayatna karate haiM aura AThaveM guNasthAna meM pahu~cate haiM. isalie Age donoM zreNiyoM ke guNasthAnoM kA svarUpa eka sAtha kahA jAyagA. () apUrvakaraNa-saMyataguNasthAna : jaba koI sAtizaya apramatta saMyata mohakarma kA upazamana yA kSapaNa karane ke lie adhaHkaraNa pariNAmoM ko karake isa guNasthAna meM praveza karatA hai, taba usake pariNAma pratyeka kSaNa meM apUrva-apUrva hI hote haiM. pratyeka samaya usake pariNAmoM kI vizuddhi anantaguNI hotI jAtI hai. isa guNasthAna ke pariNAma isake pahale kabhI nahIM prApta hue the, ata: unheM apUrva kahate haiM. isa guNasthAna meM aneka jIva yadi eka sAtha praveza kareM, to unameM se eka samayavartI kitane hI jIvoM ke pariNAma to paraspara samAna hoMge aura kitane hI jIvoM ke pariNAma asamAna raheMge. parantu Age-Age ke samayoM meM sabhI jIvoM ke pariNAma apUrva aura anantaguNI vizuddhi ko lie hue hote haiM, isIlie isa guNasthAna kA nAma apUrvakaraNa hai. isa guNasthAna kA kArya mohakarma ke upazamana yA kSapaNa kI bhUmikA taiyAra karanA hai. yadyapi isa guNasthAna meM mohakarma kI kisI bhI prakRti kA upazama yA kSaya nahIM hotA hai, tathApi mohakarma ke sthitikhaNDana anubhAga Adi kArya prArambha ho jAte haiM. (8) anivRttikaraNa-saMyataguNasthAna : AThaveM guNasthAna meM antarmuhUrta kAla raha kara aura apUrva-apUrva vizuddhi ko prApta ho, viziSTa Atma-zakti kA saMcaya karake yaha jIva nauveM guNasthAna meM praveza karatA hai. isa guNasthAna ke pratyeka samayavartI jIvoM ke pariNAma yadyapi uttarottara-apUrva aura anantaguNI vizuddhi vAle hote haiM, kintu eka samayavartI jIvoM ke pariNAma sadRza hI hote haiM, unameM nivRtti yA viSamatA nahIM pAI jAtI hai, ataH una pariNAmoM ko anivRttikaraNa karate haiM. isa guNasthAna meM hone vAle pariNAmoM ke dvArA Ayukarma ko chor3akara zeSa sAta karmoM kI guNazreNI, nirjarA, guNasaMkramaNa, sthiti khaNDana aura anubhAgakhaNDana hotA hai. abhI taka jo karor3oM sAgaroM kI sthiti vAle karma baMdhate cale A rahe the unakA sthitibandha uttarottara kama-kama hotA jAtA hai, yahA~ taka ki isa guNasthAna ke antima samaya meM pahu~cane para karmoM kI jo jaghanya sthiti batalAyI gayI hai, tatpramANa sthiti ke karmoM kA bandha hone lagatA hai. karmoM ke satva kA bhI bahuta parimANa meM hrAsa hotA hai. pratisamaya karmapradezoM kI nirjarA asaMkhyAtaguNI bar3hatI jAtI hai. upazamazreNI vAlA jIva isa guNasthAna meM mohakarma kI eka sUkSma lobhaprakRtti ko chor3a kara zeSa sarvaprakRtiyoM kA upazamana kara detA hai aura kSapaka zreNI vAlA jIva unhIM kA kSaya karake dazaveM guNasthAna meM praveza karatA hai. yahA~ itanA vizeSa jJAtavya hai ki kSapakazreNI MOD prtulu nilu nilu nNdu DDHAR
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________________ ---0-0-0--0---0---0-0 434 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya vAlA mohakarma kI prakRitayoM ke sAtha anya karmoM kI bhI aneka prakRtiyoM kA kSaya karatA hai. (10) sUcamasAmparAyaguNasthAna : isa guNasthAna meM pariNAmoM kI prakRSTa vizuddhi ke dvArA mohakarma kI jo eka sUkSma lobhaprakRtti zeSa raha gaI hai, vaha pratisamaya kSINa-zakti hotI jAtI hai. use upazamazreNI vAlA jIva to antima samaya upazamana karake gyArahaveM guNasthAna meM jA pahu~catA hai aura kSapaka zreNI vAlA jIva kSaya karake bArahaveM guNasthAna meM pahu~catA hai. jisa prakAra dhule hue kasUmI raMga ke vastra meM lAlimA kI sUkSma AbhA raha jAtI hai, usI prakAra isa guNasthAna ke pariNAmoM dvArA lobhakaSAya kSINa yA zuddha hote hue atyanta sUkSma rUpa meM raha jAtA hai, ata: isa guNasthAna ko sUkSmasAmparAya karate haiM. yahA~ sAmparAya kA artha lobha hai. itanA vizeSa jJAtavya hai ki kSapaka zreNI vAlA isa guNasthAna ke antima samaya meM sUkSmalobha ke sAtha anya karmoM kI bhI aneka prakRtiyoM kA kSaya karatA hai. (11) upazAntakaSAya vItarAgachadmasthaguNasthAna : daza guNasthAna ke antameM sUkSma lobhakA upazama hote hI samasta kaSAyoM kA upazamana ho jAtA hai aura vaha jIva upazAntakaSAyI bana kara gyArahaveM guNasthAna meM AtA hai. jisa prakAra gandale-jala meM kataka-phala yA phiTakarI Adi DAlane para usakA malabhAga nIce baiTha jAtA hai aura nirmala jala Upara raha jAtA hai, usI prakAra upazama zreNI meM zukladhyAna se mohanIyakarma eka antarmuhUrta ke lie upazAnta kara diyA jAtA hai, jisase ki jIva ke pariNAmoM meM eka dama vItarAgatA, nirmalatA aura pavitratA AjAtI hai, isI kAraNa use upazAntamoha yA vItarAga saMjJA prApta ho jAtI hai. kintu abhI taka vaha alpajJa hI hai, kyoMki jJAna kA AvaraNa karane vAlA karma vidyamAna hai, ataH vaha vItarAga hote hue bhI chadmastha hI kahalAtA hai. mohakarma kA upazama eka antarmuhUrta kAla ke lie hI hotA hai, ataH usa kAla ke samApta hote hI isa jIva kA patana hotA hai aura yaha nIce ke guNasthAnoM meM calA jAtA hai. (12) kSINakaSAya vItarAgachadmastha guNasthAna : kSapaka zreNI vAlA jIva dazaveM guNasthAna ke anta meM sUkSma lobha kA kSaya karake ekadama bArahaveM guNasthAna meM jA pahu~catA hai. isa guNasthAna meM zukladhyAna kA dUsarA bheda prakaTa hotA hai. usake dvArA vaha jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya aura antarAya ina tIna ghAtika karmoM kA kSaya karatA hai. mohakarma kA kSaya to dazaveM guNasthAna ke anta meM hI ho cukA thA. isa prakAra cAroM ghAtika karmoM kA kSaya hote hI vaha kaivalyadazA ko prApta karatA huA terahaveM guNasthAna meM praveza karatA hai. (13) sayogikevalI guNasthAna : bArahaveM guNasthAna taka jJAnAvaraNIya aura darzanAvaraNIya karma kA sadbhAva rahane se jIva alpajJa hI rahatA hai ataH vahA~ taka ke jIvoM kI chadmastha saMjJA hai. kintu bArahaveM guNasthAna ke anta meM una karmoM kA eka sAtha kSaya hote hI jIva vizva ke samasta carAcara tattvoM ko hastAmalakavat spaSTa dekhane aura jAnane lagatA hai. arthAt vaha vizvatattvajJa aura vizvadarzI bana jAtA hai, ise hI arahanta avasthA kahate haiM. kevala jJAna kI prApti ho jAne ke kAraNa use kevalI bhI kahate haiM. yoga abhI taka banA huA hai, ataH isa guNasthAna kA nAma sayogIkevalI hai. isa guNasthAna meM cAra ghAtiyA karmoM ke nAza se arahanta bhagavAn ke nava kevala labdhiyA~ prakaTa ho jAtI haiM. jJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSaya se ananta jJAna, darzanAvaraNa ke kSaya se ananta darzana, mohakarma ke kSaya se anantasukha aura kSAyika samyaktva, antarAyakarma ke kSaya se ananta dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga aura anantavIrya kI prApti hotI hai. kaivalya kI prApti hone para samavasaraNa-vibhUti aura aSTa mahApratihArya bhI prakaTa hote haiM. aura arahanta bhagavAn vihAra karate hue bhavya jIvoM ko apane jIvanaparyanta mokSamArga kA upadeza dete rahate haiM. isa guNasthAna kA jaghanya kAla antarmuhurta hai aura utkRSTakAla ATha varSa evaM antarmuhUrta karma eka pUrvakoTI varSa hai. jaba terahaveM guNasthAna ke kAla meM eka antarmuhurta mAtra samaya zeSa raha jAtA hai aura kevalI bhagavAn kI antarmuhUrta pramANa Ayu se zeSa aghAtiyA karmoM kI sthiti adhika rahatI hai taba unakI sthiti ke samIkaraNa ke lie tIsarA zukladhyAna prakaTa hotA hai aura bhagavAn kevalIsamudghAta karate haiM. prathama samayameM caudaha rAjupramANa lambe daNDAkAra Atmapradeza phailate haiM. dUsare samaya meM kapATa ke AkAra ke Atmapradeza caur3e ho jAte haiM. tIsare samaya meM pratara ke AkAra meM HEATRNAMEANARIES Jain Edu ma Private & Personal Use Only
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________________ paM0 hIrAlAla jaina : guNasthAna : 435 vistRta hote haiM aura cauthe samaya meM unase Atmapradeza sAre lokAkAza meM vyApta ho jAte haiM. ise lokapUraNa-samudghAta kahate haiM. isI prakAra cAra samayoM meM Atmapradeza vApisa saMkucita hote hue zarIra meM praviSTa ho jAte haiM. isa kevalIsamudRghAta kriyA se nAma, gotra aura vedanIya karma kI sthiti bhI Ayukarma ke barAbara anrmuhUrta kI raha jAtI hai. tabhI ve caudahaveM guNasthAna meM praveza karate haiM. (14) ayogikevalI guNasthAna : isa guNasthAna meM praveza karate hI zukladhyAna kA cauthA bheda prakaTa hotA hai aura usake dvArA unake yogoM kA nirodha hotA hai. yoga-nirodha ke kAraNa hI unako ayogikevalI kahA jAtA hai. isa guNasthAna kA kAla yadyapi antarmahurta kahA jAtA hai, tathApi vaha 'a i u R la' ina pA~ca hrasva svaroM ke bolane meM jitanA samaya lagatA hai, tatpramANa hI hai. isa guNasthAna ke upAntya yA dvicarama samaya meM kevalI bhagavAn aghAtiyA karmoM kI 72 prakRtiyoM kA kSaya karate haiM aura antima samaya meM, yadi ve tIrthaMkara haiM, to 13 prakRtiyoM kA, anyathA 12 prakRtiyoM kA kSaya karate haiM aura eka kSaNa meM sarva karmoM se vipramukta hokara ayogikevalI bhagavAn mukta yA siddha saMjJA ko prApta karate hue siddhAlaya meM jA virAjate haiM aura sadA ke liye AvAgamana se vimukta ho jAte haiM. upasaMhAra karma-malImasa yaha saMsArI jIva apane puruSArtha ke dvArA ina caudaha guNa-sthAna rUpa nasainI para car3hatA huA lokAnta meM avasthita siddhAlaya taka pahu~catA hai aura saMsAra ke ananta duHkhoM se chUTa kara ananta Atmika sukha kA anubhava karatA hai. prArambha ke tIna guNasthAna vAle jIvoM kI bahirAtmA saMjJA hai. cauthe se lekara bArahaveM guNasthAna vAle jIvoM ko antarAtmA kahate haiM aura terahaveM caudahaveM guNasthAna vAle jIva paramAtmA kahalAte haiM. isa prakAra bahirAtmA se paramAtmA banane ke liye guNasthAnoM para car3hakara uttarottara AtmavikAsa ke liye pratyeka tattvajJa puruSa kA prayatna honA cAhie.
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________________ muni zrImahendrakumAra 'dvitIya' bI0 esa0 sI0 (Hons) anekatatvAtmaka vAstavikatAvAda aura jainadarzana vizva kI carama vAstavikatA eka nahIM apitu aneka haiM, yaha anekatattvAtmaka vAstavikatAvAda hai. vividha vicAradhArAoM meM yadi koI vicAradhArA jainadarzana ke adhika nikaTa ho, to vaha anekatattvAtmaka vAstavikatAvAda kI hai. isa vicAradhArA meM bhI tattvoM ke sparUpa, saMkhyA Adi ko lekara aneka abhiprAya prastuta hue haiM. dvaitavAda (Dualism) vizva meM do tattvoM kI sattA kA pratipAdana karatA hai-jar3a aura cetana. anekavAda aneka prakAra ke tattvoM kA pratipAdana karatA hai. anubhayavAda jar3a aura cetana ke atirikta tIsare hI prakAra ke tattvoM ko vizva kI vAstavikatA mAnatA hai. yahA~ para hama kevala kucha viziSTa dArzanikoM aura vaijJAnikoM kI vicAradhArA kI janadarzana ke sAtha tulanAtmaka samIkSA kareMge. Adhunika dArzanikoM meM barTeNDa rasela kI vicAradhArA meM aneka tattvAtmaka vAstavikatAvAda kA pratipAdana huA hai. bhautika padArthoM ke astitva ko ve anubhUti para AdhArita nahIM mAnate. rasela ne sabhI prakAra kI AdarzavAdI aura jJAta sApekSavAdI vicAradhArAoM kA tArkika DhaMga se khaNDana kiyA hai. barkale ke anubhavavAda aura pluto ke pratyayoM ke siddhAnta kI bhI unhoMne tarkapUrNa rIti se dhajjiyAM ur3AI haiM. jJAna meM mAnasika vizleSaNa kI dRSTi se rasela ne eka naye prakAra ke vAstavikavAda ko janma diyA hai. isameM spaSTa rUpa se mAnA gayA hai ki jJeya padArthoM kA astitva jJAtA se sarvathA svatantra hai. jainadarzana bhI isa siddhAnta ko svIkAra karatA hai. isa prakAra padArthoM ke vastu-sApekSa astitva ko donoM darzanoM meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai. baTTaiNDa rasela jahA~ padArthoM ke vAstavika astitva ko svIkAra karate haiM vahA~ caitanya ke astitva ko bhI svIkAra karate haiM. ataH bhautikavAda ke bhI ve virodhI haiM. yahA~ taka to unakA darzana, jainadarzana ke sAtha sAmaMjasya rakhatA hai. kintu isase Age ve mAnate haiM ki vizva kI vAstavikatA 'anubhaya' arthAt jar3a aura cetana se pare tIsare prakAra ke tattva haiM. jinako ve ghaTanAeM (Events) kahate haiM. isa prakAra unake anusAra vizva ke sabhI padArtha ghaTanAoM ke samUha haiM. ghaTanAeM apane Apa meM jar3a aura cetana donoM se bhinna haiM aura AkAza kAla ke sImita pradeza meM sthita haiM.' ina ghaTanAoM ko ve svabhAvataH gatyAtmaka (Dynamic) mAnate haiM tathA eka dUsare se sambandhita bhI. 'ghaTanA' ke artha ko spaSTa karane ke liye unhoMne likhA hai jaba maiM 'ghaTanA' ke viSaya meM kaha rahA hU~, to merA tAtparya kisI anubhavAtIta vastu se nahIM hai. bijalI kI camaka ko dekhanA eka ghaTanA hai. moTara ke TAyara ko phaTate sunanA athavA sar3e aNDe ko sUghanA yA kisI meMDhaka ke zarIra kI zItatA kA anubhava karanA Adi ghaTanAe~ haiM.2 ina ghaTanAoM ke paraspara sambandha bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke hote haiM, jinake kAraNa unakA koI samUha jar3a kahalAtA hai aura koI cetana. isa prakAra jar3a padArthoM kI ghaTanAoM ke pArasparika sambandha cetana padArthoM kI ghaTanAoM ke sambandhoM se bhinna haiM, yadyapi donoM meM vidyamAna ghaTanAoM kA svarUpa eka hI hai. 1. ena0 AuTalAina Apha philosophI, pR0 287. 2. vahI pR0 287, 3. darzana-zAstra kA rUparekhA, pR0 131. HTTER
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________________ muni mahendrakumAra : anekatattvAtmaka vAstavikatAvAda aura jainadarzana : 437 -0--0-0--0-0-0-0--0-0-0 aba yadi jainadarzana ke dravya guNaparyAyavAda ke sAtha rasela ke isa 'ghaTanAsiddhAnta' kI tulanA kI jAye, to inake bIca rahe hue sAdRzya-vaisa dRzya kA patA hameM laga sakatA hai. jainadarzana ke anusAra pratyeka dravya, guNa aura paryAyoM kA Azraya hai.' pratikSaNa pratyeka dravya meM jo parivartana hotA hai, use paryAya kahA gayA hai.2 jIva aura pudgala, dharmAstikAya, aura adharmAstikAya, AkAza aura kAla, sabhI dravyoM meM pratikSaNa yaha paryAya kA krama calatA rahatA hai. aba jisako rasela 'ghaTanA' kahate haiM, vaha sambhavataH paryAya kA hI dyotaka lagatA hai. rasela padArthoM ko ghaTanAoM ke samUha rUpa mAnate haiM. jainadarzana 'paryAya' pravAha ke AdhAra ko dravya mAnatA hai. rasela kI ghaTanAeM gatyAtmaka haiM aura eka dUsare se sambandhita haiM, to jainadarzana bhI paryAyoM ko sadA gatimAna aura eka dUsare se sambandhita batAtA hai. ghaTanAeM aura paryAya donoM hamAre anubhaya se pare nahIM haiM. rasela jahA~ ghaTanAoM ko vividha sambandhoM se jar3a aura cetana meM vibhAjita karate haiM aura jar3a padArthoM kI ghaTanAoM ke pArasparika sambandha ko cetana padArthoM kI ghaTanAoM ke sambandha se bhinna mAnate haiM, vahA~ jainadarzana bhI pudgala aura jIva kI paryAyoM ko bhinna-bhinna mAnatA hai. antara kevala itanA hI hai ki rasela pratyeka ghaTanA ko eka svatantra tattva-anubhava mAnate haiM, jaba ki jainadarzana paryAya ko svatantra tattva ke rUpa meM svIkAra nahIM karatA. yathArthatA kI dRSTi se dekhane para rasela kA yaha anubhaya bhI antataH to dvaitavAda meM hI pariNata ho jAtA hai. kyoMki jahA~ pArasparika sambandhoM se ve ghaTanAoM ko do prakAroM meM vibhAjita karate haiM, vahA~ maulika tattva ghaTanAeM na raha kara jar3a aura cetana hI bana jAte haiM. jar3a cetana kI utpatti ke liye uttaradAyI sambandhoM kI parIkSA karate hue DA0 sTesa (Dr. Stace) isa niSkarSa para pahu~cate haiM ki ye sambandha anubhayavAda ko vastutaH dvaitavAda banA DAlate haiM. ve kahate haiM ki yadi jar3a aura cetana kA antara unake tattvoM ke sambandhoM kA antara hai. to isakA matalaba hai ki cetana padArtha ke tattvoM meM jo sambandha hai, vaha bhautika padArtha ke sambandha se bilkula bhinna hai, arthAt vaha bhautika nahIM hai. yaha bhI nizcita hai ki vaha anubhaya nahIM hai, to avazya hI mAnasika yA cetana hogA. anubhaya nahIM hone kA matalaba hai ki jar3a aura cetana donoM se bhinna nahIM hai, arthAt bhautika yA mAnasika hai. yaha bhI mAlUma hai ki bhautika nahIM hai. isalie avazya hI mAnasika hogA. isI taraha yaha dikhAyA jA sakatA hai ki bhautika padArthoM ke tattvoM meM vidyamAna sambandha bhautika haiM. ataeva anubhaya tattvoM se cetana padArtha ko utpanna karane vAle sambandha sirpha cetana haiM aura bhautika padArtha ko utpanna karane vAle sirpha bhautika. isakA matalaba hai ki jar3a aura cetana kI bhinnatA maulika yA AdhArika hai. kintu aisA hone se unakA vAstavika dvaita siddha ho jAtA hai. isa dvaita kA parihAra nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki yaha dvaita sambandhoM kA hai. aura sambandha hI jar3a ko jar3a aura cetana ko cetana banAne vAle haiM. isa prakAra yadyapi rasela ne ghaTanAoM ko anubhaya tattvoM ke rUpa meM batAyA hai, para vastutaH to unake mUla meM jar3a yA cetana, koI na koI hotA hI hai.5 yaha to jaina-darzana bhI mAnatA hai ki jitane bhI cetana tattva haiM aura paramANu pudgala haiM ve sabhI svatantra vAstavikatAe~ haiM, aura isa dRSTi se vizva ke mUlatattvoM kI saMkhyA to ananta hI hai. jahA~ hama ina tattvoM ko prakAroM meM bAMTate haiM, vahA~ hamAre sAmane kevala do bheda raha jAte haiM, jIva aura pudgala. astu rasela kA darzana pAzcAtya jagat kA eka aisA darzana hai jo sambhavataH jainadarzana ke sabase nikaTa mAnA jA sakatA hai. AdhUnika pAzcAtya dArzanikoM meM pro0 henarI mArgeno kI vicAradhArA bhI jainadarzana ke sAtha bahuta sAdRzya rakhatI hai. 1. guNaparyAyAzrayo dravyam , jainasiddhAntadIpikA 1-3. 2. pUrvottarAkAraparityAgAdAnaM paryAyaH / vahI 1-44. 3. do philAsophI Apha baTreNDa rasela, bI0e0 zilpa dvArA sampAdita pR0355-400 4. darzanazAstra kI rUparekhA, pR0 133 5. rasela ne svayaM apane darzana ko dvaitavAda kahA hai. dekheM darzana-digdarzana pR0371. 6. dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya aura AkAzAstikAya, ye tIna bhI vAstavika tattva hai, kintu inakI saMkhyA eka eka hai. Jain Education Intemati For Private &Personal Use Only
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________________ ---0--0--0-0----0-0-0-0 438 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya pro0 mArgeno ne kansTrakTsa ke siddhAMta kA nirUpaNa karake yaha batAyA hai ki jJAtA aura jJeya padArtha donoM kAsva tantra astitva hai. abhautika vAstavikatA ko bhI ve svIkAra karate haiM. isa prakAra jaina-darzana ke sAtha inakI vicAradhArA kA kAphI sAmaMjasya pratIta hotA hai. mArgeno kI vicAradhArA meM jJAna maimAsika vizleSaNa ke dvArA jJAtA aura jJeya padArtha kI vAstavikatA ke viSaya meM cintana kiyA gayA hai. aura vaha vicAradhArA samIkSAtmaka vAstavikatAvAda (Critical realism) ke nikaTa calI jAtI hai. samIkSAtmaka vAstavikatAbAda ke anusAra jJAna-prakriyA meM tIna tattva hote haiM : 1. jJAtA (known of mind), 2. jJeya (object as it is), 3. jJAta padArtha (object as known) 'jJAtA' jJAna karanevAlA hai. jisa vastu kA jJAna hotA hai, usI ko 'jJeya padArtha' kahate haiM. mana yA jJAtA kI cetanA ke samakSa jo padArtha vidyamAna rahatA hai, usIko 'jJAta' padArtha kahate haiM, use pradatta (Datum) bhI kahate haiM. kyoMki jJAtA ko yahI prApta hotA hai. vAstavika vastu nahIM milatI. yaha siddhAMta vAstavika vastu aura jJAta vastu donoM meM dvaita yA bhinnatA mAnatA hai, isalie ise jJAna-zAstrIya-dvaitavAda (Epigtemological dualism) kahate haiM.' isa prakAra isake anusAra jJeya padArtha aura jJAta padArtha meM saMkhyAtmaka bhinnatA (Numerical duality) to hotI hai. kintu ina pradattoM ke dvArA padArtha vastuoM kA pratyakSa jJAna hotA hai. kyoMki hama pradattoM ko nahIM dekhate. balki cazme kI taraha unake mAdhyama se vastuoM ko dekhate haiM. aba dekhA jA sakatA hai ki jainadarzana kI vicAradhArA isake samIpa haiM. jaina-darzana jJeya padArtha ko svataMtra vAstavikatA ke rUpa meM svIkAra karatA hai. jJAtA kA bhI svataMtra vAstavika astitva mAnatA hai 'jJAta padArtha' jJeya padArtha se saMkhyAtmaka bhinnatA rakhatA hai. jJAnaprakriyA meM do prakAra ke sAdhanoM kA upabhoga hotA haiaindriya aura anIndriya. aindriya sAdhanoM dvArA jJAta padArtha jJeya padArtha se na kevala saMkhyAtmaka bhinnatA rakhatA hai balki inameM svarUpAtmaka bhinnatA bhI honI saMbhava hai. hA~, yaha jJAta-padArtha jJeya padArtha aura aindriya upakaraNoM ke pArasparika sambandhoM ke anurUpa hI hotA hai. gaNita kI bhASA meM ise kaheM to yadi 'a' jJeya padArtha hai aura 'ba' aindriya sAdhanoM dvArA jJAta padArtha hai to ba-pha (a aindriya sambandha)' hotA hai. isa prakAra hamAre jJAna meM Ane vAlA vizva vAstavika vizva meM yaha 'dvata' ho jAtA hai. aba, jahA~ atIndriya sAdhanoM dvArA jJAna prApta hotA hai, vahA~ jJAta padArtha aura jJeya padArtha meM saMkhyAtmaka dvaita to rahatA hai, kintu svarUpAtmaka dvaita to nahIM rahatA. arthAt yadi 'ka' atIndriya sAdhanoM dvArA jJAta padArtha hai to 'ka-a' hotA hai. isa vivecana se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki jainadarzana aura samIkSAtmaka vAstavikatAvAda meM bahuta kucha sAdRzya hai, kintu thor3A antara bhI hai ; dUsarA jahA~ pradatta (Datum)aura yathArtha vastu meM svarUpAtmaka bhinnatA ko svIkAra nahIM karatA, vahAM, janadarzana usakI saMbhavatA ko svIkAra karatA hai. dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki pradattoM ko jaina-darzana meM koI svataMtra vAstavikatA ke rUpa meM svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai, kintu vaha vastutaH jJAtA kA hI eka aMga bana jAtA hai. hA~, usakA svarUpa 'jJeya-padArtha' para AdhArita avazya hotA hai. aisA mAnane se jo doSa samIkSAtmaka vAstavikatAvAda meM Ate haiM, jainadarzana kI vicAradhArA unase mukta raha jAtI hai. vaijJAnikoM meM aneka aise haiM, jo anekatattvAtmaka vAstavikatAvAda ko svIkAra karate haiM. prAcIna yuga meM nyUTana ne spaSTa rUpa se bhUta aura cetana ke svataMtra astitva ko svIkAra kiyA thA, Adhunika yuga meM hAIsana varga vhI haoNkara Adi bhI padArtha ke vastusApekSa astitva ko svIkAra karate haiM. hAIsanavarga kA sthAna vartamAna vaijJAnikoM meM prathama zreNI meM hai. unhoMne apane 'bhautika vijJAna aura darzana' nAmaka grantha meM Adhunika vijJAna ke darzana kI jo carcA kI hai, usake 1. darzanazAstra kI rUparekhA, pR0 345. 2. (phalaka) (Function) kA cihna hai. 3. vivaraNa ke lie dekheM, darzana-zAstra kI rUparekhA, pR0 347-348. AAAA Jain Ede Tameprary.org
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________________ muni mahendrakumAra : anekatattvAtmaka vAstavikatAvAda aura jainadarzana : 436 AdhAra para kahA jA sakatA hai ki unhoMne bhautika padArthoM ko vastusApekSa vAstavikatA ke rUpa meM mAnA hai. sAtha hI cetana tatva kI vAstavikatA ko bhI ve svIkAra karate haiM. unhoMne mAnA hai ki cetanatattva ko bhautikazAstra, rasAyanazAstra aura vikAsavAda ke siddhAMtoM para nahIM samajhAyA jA sakatA. hAIsana varga yaha bhI mAnate haiM ki 'vAstavikatA' ko samajhane ke liye hamArI dhAraNAoM kI sUkSma paribhASAyeM Avazyaka haiM.2 inakI vicAradhArA ko hama Adhunika pratyakSavAda (Modern Positivism ) ke antargata mAna sakate haiM. unhoMne svayaM Adhunika pratyakSavAda kI carcA meM yaha kahA hai ki 'padArtha anubhUti' 'astitva' Adi kI samIkSAtmaka paribhASAyeM Avazyaka haiM.3 aba jaina-darzana ke sAtha yadi isakI tulanA kI jAye to kahA jA sakatA hai ki vaijJAnikoM kI dArzanika vicAradhArAoM meM hAIsana varga kI vicAradhArA jaina-darzana ke sAtha bahuta sAdRzya rakhatI hai. donoM hI bhUta aura cetana ke vAstavika astitva ko svIkAra karate haiM. jJAtA-jJeya sambandhI hAIsana varga kI dArzanika vicAradhArA kA vistRta vivecana nahIM hone se, itanI samIkSA praryApta mAnI jA sakatI hai. hAIsana varga ke atirikta anya vaijJAnika bhautika padArthoM ko aura cetana tattva ko bhI vAstavika mAnate haiM kintu unakI vicAradhArA darzana ke rUpa meM upalabdha hone se tulanAtmaka samIkSA nahIM kI jA sakatI. ---0--0-0-0-0--0-0-0-0 1. phijiksa eNDa philosophI, pR0 65. 2. vahI pu084. 3. vahI pR0 78. Jain Education Interational For Private & Personal Use Only
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________________ zrIdevanArAyaNa zarmA ema0 e0, sAhityaratna, risarca skaoNlara, prAkRta jainazAstra aura ahiMsA zodha saMsthAna, mujaphpharapura, vihAra. hiMdU tathA jainasAdhu-paramparA evaM AcAra yaha hamArI rASTrIya vizeSatA hai ki jaba bhI hama kisI vastu ke itihAsa kA anveSaNa karate haiM, to usake mUla-srota kI jAnakArI ke liye vedoM ko avazya TaTolate haiM. aura yaha ThIka bhI hai kyoMki vedoM meM bIjarUpa meM jo ciMtana hai usakA samyak vikAsa Age ke sAhitya meM milatA hai. vastutaH yahI bAta sAdhu-paramparA ke sambandha meM bhI kahI jA sakatI hai. yadyapi yaha satya hai ki AtmA,punarjanma aura karmaphalavAda ke viSaya meM vaidika RSiyoM ne adhika nahIM socA thA, kintu inakA vikAsa Age calakara upaniSadoM meM huA-sA lagatA hai. AtmA zarIra se bhinna vastu hai, jo maraNoparAnta paraloka ko jAtI hai, siddhAnta kA AbhAsa vaidika RcAoM meM milatA hai. yadyapi vedoM kA vAtAvaraNa Ananda aura ullAsa kA hai, usameM bhaya athavA zoka kI chAyA nahIM hai. kintu isase yaha nahIM samajhanA cAhie ki vaidika janatA isI saMsAra para bhUlI huI thI aura use sAMsArika jIvanoparAnta AnevAle pAralaukika jIvana kA dhyAna hI nahIM thA. dhyAna thA aura RSioM ne kabhI-kabhI isa rahasya para vicAra bhI kiyA hai. para isake bAda bhI vedoM se yahI spaSTa hotA hai ki usa samaya ke AryoM meM zreya kI apekSA preya kI bhAvanA hI adhika hai prabala thI. preya ko chor3akara zreya kI ora bar3hane kI AturatA upaniSadoM ke samaya jagI, jaba mokSa ke sAmane gRhastha jIvana nissAra samajhA jAne lagA evaM loga, jIvana se Ananda lene ke badale saMnyAsa lene lage. upaniSadoM ne mokSa kA saMsAra ko samAdhAna batalAyA aura yaha kahA ki mokSa kA mArga jJAna hai. isa yuga meM jJAna kI itanI mahimA bar3hI ki varNAzrama aura yajJavAda, donoM bahuta pIche chUTa gaye. cUMki mokSa kA siddhAnta nirupita karane meM bAra-bAra sAMsArika jIvana kI duHkhapUrNatA kI carcA kI gayI, isa kAraNa samAja meM eka taraha kA nirAzAvAda phailane lagA aura loga, jIvana meM usa utsAha ko khone lage, jo vedakAlIna bhAratavAsiyoM kI vizeSatA thI. vaidika-sabhyatA, karmaTha manuSya kI sabhyatA thI jo socatA kama, kAma adhika karatA thA. jise naraka kI cintA nahIM, sadA svarga kA hI lobha thA. jo jIvana ko duHkhoM kA AgAra nahIM, sukha aura Ananda kA sAdhana mAnatA thA. magara upaniSadoM ne mAnava-jIvana ke aneka naye paTa ughAr3a diye aura vaha unake savAloM ke cakkara meM par3a gayA. yaha sRSTi kyA hai ? jIva sAnta hai yA ananta ? yaha janma ke pahale kyA thA ? jIvana kI sthiti marane ke bAda kyA hogI? kyA jIvana marane ke sAtha hI samApta ho jAyegA ? yA marane ke bAda bhI hameM svarga milegA? agara hA~ to isakA 1. Rgveda-1,164, 20-37-38. 2. yajuveMda-31118. 3. vahIM-115. 4. atharva veda-165211, yaju0 puruSa sUkta 22. 5. Rgved-3508|6|28 ANCIA- K A RNAAGINB000006 MINS tAtAvara Jain E Jaimenorary.org
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________________ devanArAyaNa zarmA : hindU tathA jainasAdhu-paramparA evaM prAcAra : 441 pramANa kyA hai ? ina praznoM ne mAnava ko sthUla evaM pratyakSa se sUkSma tathA anumAna kI ora agrasara hone ko bAdhya kiyA. aura ve aise dharma kI khoja meM lage jo bhogapradhAna nahIM, yogapradhAna ho, vairAgya-pradhAna ho. sArAMzataH hama yahIM se sAdhuparamparA kA sUtrapAta hotA huA dekhate hai. vaidikadarzana meM vairAgya kI manobhAvanA kA Arambha upaniSadoM meM hI hotA hai aura vaha bhAvanA bauddha tathA jainadarzanoM meM adhika prabala hotI huI dIkhatI hai. upaniSadoM se Atma-vidyA aura tapazcaryA kI jo paripATI calI usase prerita hokara loga adhika saMkhyA meM virAgI hone lage. isakA kAraNa yaha thA ki jo loga yaha samajhate the ki unheM Atma-jJAna prApta ho gayA tathA ve jIvanmukta ho gaye haiM yA jIvanmukti kI rAha para haiM, ve saMsAra ko chor3akara isalie saMnyAsI yA virAgI ho jAte the ki kahIM gRhasthAzrama meM rahane se ve isa avasthA se patita na ho jAeM. ye saMnyAsI aura parivrAjaka sarvatra ghUmate rahate the. per3oM ke nIce athavA kuTiyoM meM unakA sonA hotA thA aura vanoM meM tapazcaryA. ina sAdhuoM kI vizeSatA yahI thI ki yajJa meM inakA vizvAsa nahIM thA, karmakANDa ko ve nahIM mAnate the aura aihika sukhoM ko ve manuSya kA hIna uddezya batalAte the. unakA lakSya manuSya ke bhItara vairAgya jagAkara use Izvara kI ora le jAnA thA. yadyapi yaha saMnyAsa mArga vaidikakAla meM hI pracalita ho cukA thA, to bhI prAyaH vaha karmakANDa se Age kadama nahIM bar3hA sakA thA. smRti Adi granthoM meM saMnyAsa lene kI bAta kahI gayI hai, parantu usameM pradhAnataH pUrvAzramoM ke kartavyapAlana' kA upadeza diyA hI gayA. parantu yahA~ yaha vicAraNIya hai ki jo karmakANDa athavA yajJavAda itanI prabalatA se deza meM pracalita thA aura jisakA samarthaka prabhAvazAlI purohitavarga thA, usane bhI isa upaniSadkAlIna nivRtti-pradhAna dharma ke sAmane ghuTane Teka diye. isa Azcaryamaya parivartana ko dekhakara yaha spaSTa kahanA par3a jAtA hai ki usake apadastha ho jAne ke kucha aise prabala kAraNa avazya upasthita hue, jinhoMne usake mAnane vAloM para tIvra pratikriyA utpanna kI. vAstava meM isameM se pahalA evaM pradhAna kAraNa jaina evaM bauddha dharmoM kA pracAra-prasAra hai. kyoMki inhIM donoM dharmoM ne prAyaH cAroM vargoM ke lie saMnyAsamArga kA dvAra khola diyA. para, isakA tAtparya yaha kadApi nahIM ki bhagavAn mahAvIra tathA buddha ke pUrva isa deza meM vairAgI athavA saMnyAsI the, hI nahIM. the, para saMnyAsa athavA vairAgya-grahaNa karane kA adhikAra kevala brAhmaNavarga ko hI thA, anya vargoM ko nahIM. isa kAraNa ye vairAgI aura saMnyAsI ine gine hI dekhane ko milate the. lekina ina donoM zramaNa-sampradAyoM ne apane AcAroM evaM nivRtti pradhAna upadezoM se isa prakAra deza kI janatA ko apanI ora AkRSTa kiyA ki purohita-dharma jo cirakAla se poSita evaM satkRta hone ke kAraNa dRDhamUla ho cukA thA, usakI jar3a sarvathA hila gayI. vastutaH yaha zramaNa varga bhI brAhmaNa varga ke sAtha hI isa deza meM vidyamAna rahA hai. bhagavAn RSabhadeva ko jinheM zrImadbhAgavata meM bhagavadaMzAvatAra mAnA gayA hai, jainaloga apanA Adi tIrthakara mAnate haiM. bauddhoM ke kathAnusAra siddhArtha gautama vAstava meM antima buddha haiM aura tretAyuga ke dAzarathI rAma bhagavAn buddha ke eka avatAra samajhe jAte haiM. hinduoM ke prAcIna-granthoM meM yatra-tatra jainoM aura bauddhoM ke prAcIna astitva ke pramANa milate haiM. isalie yaha ThIka-ThIka kahanA kaThina hai ki brAhmaNa aura zramaNa-sampradAyoM meM kauna kisakI apekSA adhika prAcIna hai. veda meM vedanindakoM, nAstikoM aura yajJa meM vidhna DAlane vAle dRzyAdRzya sabhI taraha ke prANiyoM ke viruddha mantra aura nirAkaraNa ke sAdhana haiM. isase yaha to spaSTa ho hI jAtA hai ki ina donoM samdAoM kA rUpa cAhe jo bhI ho, para isameM sandeha nahIM ki uparyukta donoM mato ke loga vedamantroM ke racanA-kAla se pahale ke hI hai. ye zramaNa avaidika hote the. brAhmaNa yajJapAtra ko mAnate the, zramaNa unheM anupayogI samajhate the. sabhI brAhmaNa Astika the, kintu zramaNoM ke bhItara Astika aura nAstika donoM hI prakAra ke loga the. anumAna yaha hai ki yoga aura kRcchrAcAra kI paramparA isa deza meM AryoM ke Agamana ke pUrva se hI vidyamAna thI aura isa paramparA kA varddhana evaM poSaNa saMbhavatayA 1 manu0 adhyaa06|12 JainEvere HINRe-Serson w e orary.org
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________________ hmhmnmnnnmh 442 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya yaha zramaNa-varga hI karatA A rahA thA. kintu jabataka yajJapAtra kI pradhAnatA rahI. zramaNoM kA prabhAva sImita rahA. unakA prabhAva tabataka bar3hA jaba samAja meM prabala vega se mokSa kA siddhAnta pracalita huA aura loga gRhastha kI apekSA saMnyAsI ko adhika zreSTha samajhane lage. isI prakAra mUrti-pUjaka vairAgiyoM kI bhI paramparA AtI hai. yadyapi upaniSadoM meM mUrtipUjA kA pramANa nahIM milatA, kintu mahAmahopAdhyAya kANe viracita dharmazAstroM ke itihAsa se jJAta hotA hai ki IsA se pAMca sau varSa pUrva samAja meM aise purohita the, jo maMdiroM meM pratimA-pUjana karavAte the. isa AdhAra para yaha svIkAra kara liyA jA sakatA hai ki vairAgI kahalAne vAle bhakta-sAdhuoM kI paramparA kA Arambha bhI I0pUrva0500 ke lagabhaga ho cukA thA. isa taraha hama bhArata kI sAdhu-paramparA kA sAmAnya avalokana kara lene ke bAda aba yahA~ unake AcAra kA bhI sthUla rUpa se digdarzana kara sakate haiM. vastutaH yaha AcAra zabda dharma kA hI samAnArthaka zabda mAnA jAtA rahA hai. manu ne dazakaM-dharma-lakSaNam ke dvArA prAcAra ko hI vizeSa spaSTa karane kI ceSA kI hai. jaina dharma aura bauddhadharma meM to isakA mahattva aura bhI adhika hai. vahA~ yaha AcAra vividha rUpoM meM nirUpita kiyA gayA hai. ahiMsA, niSkAmatA, manovijaya, Atma-saMyama jaisI sadAcaraNa-sambandhI bAtoM kI ora unhoMne vizeSa dhyAna diyA hai. kSamA, zIla, prajJA, maitrI, satya, vIrya Adi bodhisattva ke Adarza guNa mAne gaye haiM. isI taraha thor3e se zabda bheda ke sAtha prAyaH inhIM ko ahiMsA, satya, asteya, zauca, brahmacarya, aparigraha, saMtoSa, tapa, svAdhyAya tathA Izvara-praNidhAna ke nAma dekara yoga-darzana ne bhI apane yahA~ yama-niyamoM ke rUpa meM sthAna de diyA hai. smRtiyoM ne to AcAraH paramodharmaH isa kathana ke dvArA dharma kA spaSTa artha hI AcAra pradhAna karma nirdhArita kara diyA hai. hama dekhate haiM ki jainadharma meM bhI 'ahiMsA paramo dharmaH' isa kathana ke dvArA ahiMsA pradhAna karma ko hI dharma kahA gayA hai.' isa taraha isa niSkarSa para hama AsAnI se pahu~ca sakate haiM ki ahiMsA athavA AcAra pradhAna karma ko hI bhAratIya paramparA meM dharma kI saMjJA dI gaI hai. jainadharma meM ahiMsA ke atirikta jo satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha ye cAra anya vratoM ke bhI nAma liye gaye haiM, vastutaH ve svataMtra athavA pRthak sattA vAle nahIM haiM, apitu ahiMsA ke hI pUraka hai. ise yoM bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki ahiMsA ke pUrNa-pAlana ke lie hI ina vratoM kI sAdhanA Avazyaka mAnI gayI hai. aba yaha siddha ho jAne ke bAda ki AcAra hI dharma hai athavA AcAra ko hI dharma kahate haiM, yaha sahajhane meM bhrama kA koI sthAna nahIM raha jAtA ki kisI vyakti, samAja, athavA rASTra ke jIvana meM AcAra kA kitanA adhika mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai. hindU aura jaina donoM hI paramparAoM meM jaisA ki hama Upara dekha cuke haiM, ahiMsA, amRSA, asteya, amaithuna aura aparigraha ina paMcavratoM ko hI dharma kA mUla stambha mAnA gayA hai. ina vratoM ke svarUpa para vicAra karane se eka to yaha bAta spaSTa ho jAtI hai ki inake dvArA manuSya kI una vRttiyoM kA niyaMtraNa karane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai, jo samAja meM mukhyarUpa se vaira evaM virodha kA kAraNa huA karatI haiM. dUsarI yaha bAta dhyAna dene yogya hai ki AcaraNa kA pariSkAra saralatama-rIti se kucha niSedhAtmaka niyamoM ke dvArA hI kiyA jA sakatA hai. hama dekhate haiM ki vyakti jo kriyAe~ karatA hai, ve mUlataH svArthaM se prerita hotI haiM. aba kriyAoM meM kona sI kriyA acchI hai aura kauna sI burI yaha kisI mAnadaNDa ke nizcita hone para hI kahA jA sakatA hai. hama yahA~ usake mAnadaNDa ke rUpa meM spaSTataH rakha sakate haiM -samAja kA hita evaM zAnti kI rakSA. hiMsA asatya, corI,kuzIla aura parigraha ye sabhI sAmAjika pApa haiM. vyakti jitane hI aMza meM inakA parityAga karegA, utanAhI vaha sabhya samAja-hitaiSI mAnA jAyegA aura isa prakAra jitane vyakti ina vratoM kA pAlana kareMge usI anupAta meM samAjazuddha, sukhI aura pragatizIla ho sakegA. 1. caritaM khalu dhanmo dhammo jo so samoti NihiTTho / mohakaboha,vihINo pariNAmo appaNo hu samo || pra0 sta0 ku0 ka0 / / 17. dhammo maMgalamukkiTTha ahiMsA saMyamo tavo, devA vitaM na saMti jassa dhamme sayA maNo |-dazavakAlika sUtra / a01, gA01. Jain Eduion International wapinsineliboly.org
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________________ devanArAyaNa zarmA : hindU tathA jainasAdhu-paramparA evaM prAcAra : 443 yahA~ dharmAcAryoM ne prathama to yaha anubhava kiyA ki sabake liye saba avasthAoM meM ina vratoM kA pUrNa paripAlana saMbhava nahIM hai. ataeva jaina-dharma meM to ina vratoM ke do stara sthApita kiye gaye--aNu aura mahat arthAt ekadeza aura sarvadeza. pazcAt kAla meM AvazyakatAnusAra inake aticAra bhI nirdhArita hue, jisase sacce artha meM (bhAvataH) ina vratoM kA pAlana ho sake. isa prakAra vratoM ke aNu aura mahat ina do vibhAgoM ke dvArA jainadharma meM gRhastha aura sAdhu-AcAra ke bIca bheda prakaTa karanevAlI spaSTa rekhA khIMca dI gayI. prAyaH isI taraha kI milatI julatI vyavasthA hama hindUdharma meM bhI pAte haiM jo vyakti ke jIvana va yathAkrama brahmacarya, gRhastha, vAnaprastha aura saMnyAsa-dhAraNa kI caturvidha Azrama-vyavasthA se pramANita hai. vastutaH vyakti brahmacaryAzrama se jisa jIvana kA prArambha karatA hai usakI parisamApti saMnyAsAzrama meM hI jAkara hotI hai, jabaki sAdhaka usa gRha tathA parivAra ko bhI, jo usake bAlya aura yuvA donoM avasthAoM meM Azraya evaM AkarSaNa ke sthAna rahe haiM, bandhana kA kAraNa samajhatA huA chor3a kara cala par3atA hai aura punaH usakI ora lauTa kara dekhatA taka nahIM. vastutaH yaha mAnava-jIvana kA eka mahAn parivartana evaM carama sAdhanA hai. aise sAdhu-AcAra para prakAza DAlane vAle graMtha bhI bhAratIya sAhitya ke aMtargata adhikAMza evaM zIrSa-sthAnIya mAne jAte haiM.. yaha sAdhu AcAra viSayaka sAhitya bahuta vizAla hai. isakI vizAlatA kA pradhAna kAraNa yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki prAcIna kAla se hI dharma evaM adhyAtmacarcA kA pradhAna kendra isa bhArata meM prAyaH jitane bhI dhArmika grantha likhe gae , unameM zAyada hI koI graMtha bacA ho jo pratyakSa athavA parokSarUpa se sAdhu-AcAra se sambaddha na ho. prAyaH ina sabhI graMthoM meM mAnava ke caritra ko nirmala evaM ujjavala banAne ke yathAsaMbhava sabhI prayatna kiye gae haiM, jinameM udyotamAna maNi-dIpa ke rUpa meM anivAryaH sAdhu-AcAra bhI varNita hai. isa prakAra bhAratIya paramparA meM jo bhI sAhitya dhArmika kSetra ke antargata AtA hai, use hama prAyaH sAdhu-AcAra viSayaka bhI mAna sakate haiM, jinakI saMkhyA sahastrAvadhi graMthoM se bhI kahIM adhika hai. para yahAM yaha nahIM bhUlanA cAhie ki yaha sAhitya kinhIM eka yA do panthoM athavA sampradAyoM kI sampatti ho,inake antargata to saikar3oM pantha aura sampradAya A jAte haiM. kintu yahA~ nibandha kI sImA ko dekhate hue mAtra hindU aura jaina sAdhu-AcAra kA sAmAnya paricaya hI abhISTa hai aura isa meM bhI hindUparamparA se pratinidhi graMtha ke rUpa meM manusmRti aura jaina paramparA se mUlAcAra ina do ko hI grahaNa kiyA gayA hai, vaha bhI sthUla-dRSTi se sUkSma-dRSTi se nahIM. kyoMki 'aratha amita aru Akhara thore' kI ukti ko caritArtha karane vAle ina dharma graMthoM kA sUkSma vivecana svata: eka mahAn sAhitya race jAne kI apekSA rakhatA hai. manusmRti aura sAdhu-prAcAra manusmRti meM sAdhu-AcAra kA varNana vaidika evaM varNAzrama paramparA para AdhArita hai. manu ne brahmacarya, gRhastha, vAnaprastha aura saMnyAsa, ina cAroM AzramoM kA kramAnusAra pAlana para jora dete hue sAdhu ke vAnaprasthI aura saMnyAsI nAmake do vibhAga kiye haiM. yahI kAraNa hai ki vAnaprasthAzrama meM praveza karane se pUrva snAtaka dvija ke liye unhoMne vidhivat gRhasthA zramI honA Avazyaka batAyA hai. itanA hI nahIM, manu ke mata se gRhastha jaba ativRddha ho jAe, unakI tvacA zithila par3a jAya, usake bAla jaba sapheda dikhane lageM aura jaba vaha pautravAn ho jAe taba sAMsArika viSayoM se svabhAvata: virata huA--vaha vana kA Azraya grahaNa kare. vAnaprasthAzrama svIkAra kara lene ke bAda, sAdhaka grAmya AcAra evaM upakaraNoM kA bhI parityAga kara de. patnI kI icchAnusAra hI, vaha use apane sAtha lele athavA putra ke saMrakSaNa meM hI rakha de. para, vana meM vAnaprasthI zrota agni tathA usase sambandhita sAdhana suka, suvA, Adi ke sAtha hI nivAsa kare. vAnaprasthI ke liye muninimittaka annoM evaM vana meM utpanna pavitra zAka, mUla, phalAdi se gRhasthoM ke liye vihita paMcamahAyajJoM kA pAlana karanA manu ne Avazyaka batalAyA hai. 1. dekhiye manu0 adhyA 6. YVVVVVY Jaination Reptional Hivate de personal use my Misinelibrary.org
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________________ 444 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya -0--0-0--0--0--0--0-0-0-0 muni kI veza-bhUSA evaM rUpa ke sambandha meM bhI manu ke vicAra bar3e spaSTa haiM, unakI rAya meM muni cAhe to mRgacarma dhAraNa kare athavA vastrakhaNDa, para use jaTA, dAr3hI, mUMcha evaM nakha Adi rakhane hI haiM. muni apane bhojana meM se yathAzakti vali tathA bhikSA pradAna kare evaM Azrama meM Aye hue atithiyoM kI jala, kaMda, mUla, phalAdi se arcanA bhI kare. tapasvI ko nityavedAbhyAsa, dAnazIlatA, nirlobha evaM sarvahita meM rata rahate hue amAvazyA, pUrNimA Adi paryoM meM zAstrAnusAra kiye jAne vAle yajJoM kA bhI sampAdana karanA cAhie.usa muni ko vana meM utpanna nIvAra Adi se nirmita yajJa ke yogya havi ko devatAoM ko arpita kara zeSa svayaMkRta lavaNa ke sAtha grahaNa karanA cAhie. usake liye zahada, mAMsa, tathA bhUmi meM utpanna puSpa Adi sabhI tyAjya haiM. manu ne muniko AzvinamAsa meM sabhI pUrva saMcita dhAnyoM zAka-mUla-phaloM, yahAM taka ki zarIra meM dhAraNa kiye gaye jIrNa-vastrakhaNDa ko bhI chor3a dene kA Adeza diyA hai. aphAla kRSTa bhUmi ke dhAnya hI unakI dRSTi meM tapasvI ke liye grAhya haiM. phAlakRSTa bhUmi se utpanna anna vanAntargata kA bhI, yahAM taka ki utsRSTa bhI grAhya nahIM hai. bhale hI isake phalasvarUpa muni ko bhUkhA hI kyoM na raha jAnA par3e. sAmarthya ke anusAra prApta anna ko bhI rAtri athavA dina ke caturtha athavA aSTakAla meM hI vAnaprasthI grahaNa kare. yahAM anya kAloM kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai. tapasvI usa anna ko bhI kRSNapakSa meM eka-eka piNDa ghaTAtA huA evaM zuklapakSa meM eka-eka piNDa bar3hAtA haA grahaNa kara cAndrAyaNavrata ke dvArA jIvana-yApana kare. isake vikalpa meM kAlapakva tathA vRkSa se gire hae phala ke khAne kI vyavasthA hai. vAnaprasthI ko jIvana dhAraNa ke yogya bhikSA vAnaprastha brAhmaNoM se athavA vanavAsI grahastha brAhmaNoM se athavA uparyukta donoM ke abhAva meM grAmavAsiyoM se bhI grahaNa karanI cAhie. para sAtha hI, yahAM yaha bhI dhyAna dene yogya hai ki vaha bhikSA bhI kisI ke pAtra meM nahIM apitu patte ke done meM, kapAla khaNDa meM athavA hAthoM meM hI ATha grAsa lenI cAhie. yahAM jisa prakAra AhAra grahaNa karane Adi ke saMbaMdha ke kaThora niyama manu ne batAye haiM, usI prakAra muni kI dinacaryA bhI sukara nahIM ginAyI hai. tapasvI ke liye bhUmi para lauTate hue calanA, paroM ke agrabhAga se dina bhara khar3A rahanA, saMdhyA, prAtaH evaM madhyAhna meM snAna karanA tathA inase bhI bar3ha kara grISma Rtu meM paMcAgni ke bIca, varSA meM khule AkAza ke nIce evaM hemanta Rtu meM Ardravastra dhAraNa kara tapa vRddhi karane kA vidhAna hai. isake bAda bhI tInoM kAloM meM snAna-kriyAdi se nivRtta hokara devatA, RSi evaM pitaroM kA tarpaNa va anyAnya ugratara vratoM kA pAlana karate hue apane zarIra ko kRza banAnA yaha bhI tapasvI kA dharma batAyA gayA hai. isa prakAra ina niyamoM kA tathA zAstrokta anya niyamoM kA bhI pAlana karate hue muni kI vidyA, tapa Adi kI vRddhi zarIra kI zuddhi evaM brahmatva kI siddhi ke liye upaniSadoM meM par3ho gayI vividha zrutiyoM kA abhyAsa karanA cAhie. asAdhya rogoM se AkrAnta ho jAne kI sthiti meM tapasvI ko zarIra nipAtaparyanta jala tathA pavana kA AhAra karate hue yoganiSTha hokara IzAna-dizA kI ora Age bar3hate calA jAnA cAhie, kyoM ki isa prakAra zokabhaya rahita zarIra-parityAga karane vAlA hI mokSa kA adhikArI hotA hai. uparyukta prakAra se vAnaprasthI tapasvI ke AcAra kA varNana karane ke pazcAt manu ne parivrAjaka sAdhuoM kA prAcAra batalAyA hai. vastutaH yaha jIvana kA aMtima pahalU hai, jisake pazcAt jIvana meM aura kucha karane ko nahIM raha jAtA. yahI sthiti vedAntiyoM ke zabdoM meM so'hamasmi kI avasthA mAnI jAtI hai, jabaki vAnaprasthI muni gRha kA pUrNa parityAga kara pavitra daNDa, kamaNDalu Adi ke sAtha pUrNa kAma evaM nirapekSa rUpa se saMnyAsa dhAraNa kara letA hai aura anagni evaM aniketa hokara mAtra bhikSA ke liye hI grAma kI zaraNa letA hai aura anyathA nahIM. vaha isa avasthA meM zarIra kI upekSA karatA huA sthira-buddhi hokara brahma ciMtana meM ekaniSTha bhAva se apane bhikSApAtra ke rUpa meM kapAla, nivAsa ke liye vRkSa kI chAyA evaM zarIra AveSTana ke liye jIrNavastra dhAraNa kara letA hai. sAtha hI vaha brahma-buddha samaloSTAzmakAMcana kI bhAvanA se yukta hotA huA pUrNa jIvanmukta lakSita hotA hai. vaha na jIne kI hI kAmanA karatA hai aura na marane kI hI. vaha mAtra eka AjJAkArI kiMkara kI taraha svAmI-kAla ke Adeza kI pratIkSA meM rahatA hai. vaha sadA A~khoM se MER DAM _Jain lucations Person Prorary.org
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________________ devanArAyaNa zarmA : hindU tathA jainasAdhu-paramparA evaM AcAra : 445 dekhakara pada-vikSepa, vastra se pavitrakara jala grahaNa. satyamaya vacana-prayoga evaM vacana niSiddha saMkalpa rahita mana ke anusAra AcaraNa karatA hai. usa vyakti meM dUsaroM ke kaTU-vAkyoM ko saha lene kI apUrva kSamatA, saboM ko sammAna dene kI pravRtti evaM vizva maitrI kI hArdika abhilASA pAI jAtI hai. vaha krodhI ke prati bhI zAnti evaM niMdaka ke prati bhI stuti kI bhAvanA se vyavahAra karatA hai. vaha saptadvArAvakIrNa arthAt pA~ca jJAnendriya evaM mana tathA buddhi viSayaka anRtabAtoM kA parihAra kara brahma viSayaka vANI kA hI prayoga karanA apekSita mAnatA hai. vaha parivrAjaka brahmabhAva meM lIna, yogAsanasthiti, nirapekSa, nirAmiSa evaM Atma-sAhAyya se hI mokSa-sukha kI kAmanA rakhatA huA, isa saMsAra meM vicaraNa karatA hai. brahmalIna virakta sAdhu ke liye manu ne bhUkampa Adi utpAtoM kI saMbhAvanA, aMgasphuraNa Adi ke phala, sAmudrika zAstra ke anusAra hastarekhA Adi ke pariNAma, yahA~ taka ki zAstropadeza Adi ke kathana dvArA bhI bhikSA prApti karane kI pravRtti kI nindA kI hai. sAdhuoM ko bhikSA ke liye jAte samaya sAvadhAna karate hue manu ne spaSTa kaha diyA hai ki jisa daravAje para anya tapasvI, bhojanArthI, brAhmaNa, yahAM taka ki pakSI, kutte athavA kSudrAtikSudra koI yAcaka bhI khar3A ho to vahAM kabhI bhI jAnA ucita nahIM. muni kA bhikSA pAtra tumbI, kASTha, mRttikA athavA bAMsa Adi ke khaNDa se nirmita evaM nizchidra honA cAhie. viSayAsakti se bacane ke liye sAdhu ko dina meM eka bAra hI bhikSA grahaNa karanI cAhie. sAdhu ke bhikSA-grahaNa-kAla kA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue manu ne sApha-sApha batalA diyA hai ki jaba rasoI kI uSNatA samApta ho cukI ho, mUsala kUTane kA zabda taka na sunAI detA ho, rasoI kI Aga bhI buka cukI ho evaM prAya: saba loga bhojana bhI kara cuke hoM taba sAdhu ko bhikSA grahaNa ke liye prasthAna karanA cAhie. bhojana ke mila jAne para tapasvI prasanna ho aura na aprApti kI sthiti meM dukhI ho. dAtA meM mamatva kI pravRtti se bacane ke liye sAdhu satkAra pUrvaka dI gaI bhikSA ko svIkAra na kare. tapasvI ko sadA janma-maraNa, sukha-duHkha, jarA vyAdhi Adi ke kAraNoM para vicAra karate hue, sabhI prANiyoM meM samadRSTi ke sAtha hI svadharmAcaraNa meM pravRtta honA cAhie. use cAhie ki apane zarIra ko kleza pahu~cAkara bhI cIMTI Adi kSudra jantuoM kI rakSA ke liye dina athavA rAta meM bhI bhUmi ko dekhakara vicaraNa kare. para, isake bAda bhI yadi usase ajJAna-vaza hiMsA ho hI jAe, to vaha usake prAyazcita-svarUpa chaH prANAyAma kare. sapta vyAhRtiyoM evaM praNavoM se yukta vidhivata kiye gae tIna prANAyAma bhI brAhmaNa kA zreSTha tapa jAnanA cAhie. yahAM usa brahmalIna yati ke lie prANAyAma ke dvArA rAgAdi doSoM kA, brahmaniSTha mana kI dhAraNA se pApoM kA, indriyoM kA nigraha kara viSaya-saMsarga kA evaM dhyAna ke dvArA krodhAdi anIzvara guNoM kA dahana karanA Avazyaka batalAyA gayA hai. para yahAM yaha nahIM bhUlanA cAhie ki saMnyAsI ke uparyukta vizeSa dharma kA vidhAna karate hue bhI manu ne manuSya ke sAdhAraNa dharma dhRti, kSamA, dama, asteya Adi kI bhI apekSA batalAyA hai. yadyapi manu ke vicAra meM uparyukta sabhI upAya muni ko samyagdarzana prApta karAne meM sahAyaka hone ke hI kAraNa bAhya haiM. kyoMki karma-bandhana se mukta hone kA ekamAtra upAya samyagdarzana hI hai. yadi samyagdarzana arthAt samatvabhAva kI jAgRti yati meM nahIM huI to anya sabhI bAhya AcAra ADambara mAtra hI raha jAyeMge. ve kisI bhI sthiti meM yati ko mokSa kI prApti karAkara dharma ke kAraNa nahIM ho sakate. yahI kAraNa hai ki uparyukta sabhI muni ke AcAroM kA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue bhI manu ne samatva prApti para hI adhika jora diyA hai aura usake vinA sabhI parizrama vyartha ghoSita kara diye haiM. isI prakAra manu ne bahUdaka, haMsa, paramahaMsa kuTIcaka saMjJaka sabhI prakAra ke saMnyAsiyoM ke AcAra evaM nityacaryA Adi ginAye haiM. para, ina saboM ke sAmAnya dharma evaM AcAra meM koI vizeSa antara nahIM rakhA hai. arthAt Upara varNita parivrAjaka ke AcAra hI sAmAnya rUpa se saboM ke liye anukaraNIya haiM aisA mAnA hai. kevala kuTIcaka ke sambandha meM kucha vizeSa bAteM
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________________ 446 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya kahI haiM. isa koTi kA yati apane putra ke Azraya meM hI rahakara bhojana, vastrAdi jIvikA kI cintA se mukta huA mokSaprApti kA prayatna karatA hai. mUlAcAra aura sAdhu' AcAra AcArya baTTakera ne manu kI taraha muni banane ke liye na to koI Ayu-sImA hI nirdhArita kI hai aura na unake liye muni banane se pUrva gRhasthAzramI bananA hI Avazyaka mAnA hai. unakI dRSTi meM jisa vyakti ke hRdaya meM kAmabhoga kI abhilASA samApta ho cukI ho, jisakI buddhi dharmAbhimukha ho, vahI virakta karmavIra puruSa nirmAlya-puSpa kI taraha gRhavAsa tyAga kara sAdhu-dharma svIkAra kara sakatA hai. arthAt jisa vyakti meM uparyukta vizeSatAe~ nahIM A pAI haiM, vaha cAhe kisI bhI Ayu kA kyoM na ho, vaha yati-dharma kA adhikArI, anagAra nahIM kahalA sakatA. satya, ahiMsA, adatta-parivarjana, brahmacarya tathA triguptiyoM meM nitya pravRtti evaM parigraha se nivRtti ko AcArya ne sAdhu ke mUla guNa mAne haiM. muni ke liye mithyAtva, rAga, hAsya, rati, arati, bhaya, jugupsA, Adi graMthiyoM se mukta hokara yathAjAta rUpa arthAt digambaratva svIkAra kara jina-praNIta dharma meM anurakta rahanA anivArya batAyA gayA hai. unakI rAya meM sAdhu sadA nirIha, niSkAma bhAva se jIvana-yApana karate haiM, evaM unheM isa paMca tattva nirmita apane zarIra meM kisI taraha kI mamatA nahIM rahatI. AcArya ne sAdhu ke AvAsa-kAla evaM AvAsa-sthAna ke sambandha meM nimnalikhita vicAra vyakta kiye haiM : sAdhu ke lie prAzraya lene kA samaya sUryAstakAla hI hai. vaha kAla jahAM kahIM bhI prApta ho jAe. para, dhyAna yaha rahe ki vaha AvAsa bhI ghara se bAhara ho, ghara meM nahIM. anagAroM ke lie grAmavAsa evaM nagaravAsa kI sImA AcArya ne kramazaH eka rAta aura pAMca dina nirdhArita kI hai. muni kI upamA gandhahasti se dete hue unake lie ekAntavAsI hokara hI mukti sukha kA anubhavana karanA Avazyaka batAyA gayA hai. ekAnta sthAnoM meM sAmAnyata, giri-kandarA, zUnya-gRha, parvata zmazAnAdi ke nAma ginAye gaye haiM. muni kI carcA, vihAra, bhikSA Adi ke sambandha meM prAcArya baTTakera ke nimnalikhita Adeza haiM : muni parvata kI guphAoM meM vIrAsanAdi se athavA ekapArzvazAyI rahakara rAtri vyatIta kare. use vAyu kI taraha mukta, nirapekSa evaM svacchanda hokara grAma, nagara, Adi se maNDita isa pRthvI para paribhramaNa karanA cAhie. para vihAra karate samaya muni satata, saceSTa rahe ki kahIM usakI asAvadhAnI se kisI jIva ko kleza na pahuMce. use jIvoM ke prati anukSaNa satarka evaM dayA-dRSTi rakhanI cAhie. muni ke lie, jIvoM ke sabhI paryAya evaM ajIva arthAt dharma, adharma, AkAza, kAla Adi ke svarUpa, sabheda paryAya Adi kA jJAna prApta kara hI sAvadya vastuoM kA tyAga evaM anavadya kA grahaNa karanA kartavya hai. yati tRNa, vRkSa, chAla, patra, kanda, mUla, phala Adi ke chedana karane tathA karAne donoM hI se alaga rahe. sAdhu ko pRthvI kA khanana, utkIrNana, cUrNana, sevana, utkarSaNa, bIjana, jvAlana, mardana, Adi kAryoM se dUra rahanA cAhie. itanA hI nahIM, vaha ina kAryoM ko dUsare se bhI na karAve aura na dUsare ke kiye hue kA anumodana hI kare. zramaNa-sAdhuoM ke liye daNDadhAraNa kA sarvathA niSedha kiyA gayA hai. baTTakera ke matAnusAra sAdhu ko zastra, daNDa Adi kA pUrNataH tyAgakara sabhI prANiyoM meM samabhAva rakhate hue Atma-cintanazIla honA cAhie. use chaThe, AThaveM, dasaveM, bArahaveM Adi bhaktoM para pAraNA karanA cAhie aura vaha bhI dUsaroM ke ghara bhikSA ke dvArA prApta anna se, na ki apane lie banAye, banavAye yA banAne kI sahamati se prApta anna se. aura vaha pAraNA bhI rasAsvAdana ke liye nahIM, apitu caritrasAdhanA ke liye vihita hai. AcArya ne kisI ke pAtra meM vA apane hAtha se lekara athavA kisI taraha ke doSa se yukta bhojana, muni ke lie sarvathA 1. dekhiye mUla0 anagArabhAvanAdhikAra. SagmailinduDIANRAICTIMATIVajans DB I TIAADHARAMPAINMUDAR 11 m itigham... 11111thm... hanti.. wagainelibrary.org ___JainEditicalHD Manjirime MAHIN
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________________ 0-0--0-0-0-------- -- devanArAyaNa zarmA : hindU tathA jainasAdhu-paramparA evaM prAcAra : 447 tyAjya kahA hai. vaha bhojana yadi parama vizuddha tathA sabhI doSoM se mukta ho aura vaha bhI anya ke dvArA pANipAtra meM hI diyA jAe taba muni use grahaNa kare, aisA AcArya kA mata hai. yati ke dvArA bhikSA nimitta hiMDana kI ora granthakartA (AcArya baTTakera) ne dhyAna AkRSTa karate hue yaha spaSTa kaha diyA hai ki sAdhu vinA yaha jAne hue amuka sthAna meM gRhastha usakI pratIkSA kara rahe hoMge, ataH vahAM usakA svAgata hogA tathA amuka dizA meM usakI upekSA hogI, sAmAnya rUpa se ghara ke katAroM se ucca-nIca, dhanI, daridra Adi ko samAna dRSTi se dekhatA huA bhikSA grahaNa kare. usake liye zItala, uSNa, rukSa, snigdha Adi kA vinA vicAra kiye hI asvAdapUrvaka bhojana svIkAra karanA karttavya hai. kyoMki muni isa paMcatattva se nirmita zarIra kA dhAraNa dharma-pAlana ke nimitta tathA dharma pAlana va mukti-prApti-hetu karatA hai. ata: bhikSA-grahaNa kA eka mAtra lakSya zarIra-dhAraNa karanA hI hai aura kucha nahIM. zramaNa muni na bhikSA prApta hone para saMtuSTa aura na usakI aprApti ko sthiti meM asaMtuSTa hI hotA hai. usake liye ye donoM hI sthitiyA~ samAna haiM. isa kAraNa vaha sadA madhyastha evaM anAkula rUpa se vihAra karatA hai. vaha kabhI bhI kisI gRhastha se dInatApUrvaka bhikSA kI yAcanA nahIM karatA. aisI sthiti meM use khAlI hAtha bhI lauTanA par3a sakatA hai, para vaha nirvikAra citta kabhI mauna bhaMga nahIM karatA. vaha bhojana svIkAra karane ke sambandha meM bar3I sAvadhAnI rakhatA hai. bAsI, vivarNa, tathA aprAsuka anna use kabhI grAhya nahIM hotA. sAdhu ke uparyukta prakAra se bhojana, AcaraNAdi kA varNana karate hue AcArya ne usakI zAstrIya yogyatA para bhI jora diyA hai. unake anusAra sAdhu ko kevala bhojana Adi kI hI zuddhi nahIM apitu jJAna kI zuddhi bhI rakhanI cAhie. vivekI muni ke liye AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga, sthAnAMga Adi kA jJAna honA Avazyaka hai. ve yati ke liye, svabhAvataH AcArya upAdhyAya Adi ke upadezoM ko dhAraNa-grahaNa karane meM samartha, tadanusAra akSarazaH AcaraNa karane vAlA, vIjabuddhi (arthAt kisI bhI viSaya ko ekAdha bIjarUpa pradhAna akSaroM ko suna lene para hI samasta rUpa se samajhane vAlA), aura zrutoM meM pAragAmI vidvAn honA anivArya mAnate haiM. para isa jJAna-garimA ke bAda bhI zramaNa ko mAna-rahita, avita, krodharahita, mRdu svabhAvI, sva-parasamayavid evaM vinIta honA cAhie, AcArya kA lakSya yahA~ taka hai. sAdhu ke lie zarIra kA saMskAra niSiddha hai. vaha mukha, dAMta, nayana, paira Adi taka nahIM dhote, arthAt kisI taraha kA bhI bAhyamArjana unake lie vihita nahIM. yahAM taka ki zarIra meM yadi kisI taraha kI kaSTakara vyAdhi bhI ho jAe, taba bhI zramaNa-sAdhu use maunapUrvaka sahana hI kara le, para kisI taraha kI cikitsA na karAve yaha AcArya kA mata hai. sAdhu apanI pUrvAvasthA meM kI gayI rati-krIr3A athavA dhana-jana Adi ke vividha bhogoM kA na smaraNa hI kare aura na use dUsaroM ke prati kathana hI. usake dvArA kisI bhI sthiti meM dharma-virodhI athavA vinaya-vihIna bhASA kA prayoga nindya hai. sAdhu A~khoM se dekhatA huA tathA kAnoM se sunatA huA bhI mUka hokara vihAra kare tathA kabhI bhI laukika kathAoM meM pravRtta na ho, yaha AcArya kI AjJA hai. AcArya muni ke liye kaThora tapasyA ke pakSapAtI haiM. ve saMbhavatayA AtmA ke sAkSAtkAra meM isa zarIra ke prati anurakti ko hI pradhAna bAdhA mAnate haiM. isa kAraNa yathAsaMbhava tapa ke dvArA isa sthUla zarIra ko jarjarita karate rahanA hI Atmabodha meM sahAyaka siddha ho sakatA hai, isa ora unakA saMketa hai. aba uparyuktarUpa se sAdhu-AcAra ke sambandha meM rAjarSi manu tathA AcArya baTTakera ke vicAroM ke avalokana ke bAda yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki hindU tathA jaina donoM hI sampradAyoM ke sAdhu antaH tathA bAhya donoM hI dRSTiyoM se eka dUsare ke atyanta sannikaTa hai evaM paraspara prabhAvita bhI haiM. vastutaH sadAcaraNa aura sahAnubhUti hI sAdhu-jIvana ke AdhAra-stambha evaM mAnadaNDa haiM. tAkika buddhi ke dvArA zAstrajJa kisI tathya kA kevala UhApoha karatA hai. kintu usa jJAna ko apane jIvana meM utAranA vaha nahIM jAnatA. sAdhu usa jJAna ko apane jIvana kA Adarza banAtA hai aura apanA samagra AcaraNa usI bhitti para khar3A karatA hai. yahI kAraNa hai ki ina sAdhuoM meM varga-bhinnatA rahane para bhI AcaraNa-bhinnatA kevala nAma mAtra kI aura UparI hI hotI hai, vAstavika nahIM. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ zrIjugala kizora mukhtAra 'yugavIra' sakAma dharmasAdhana laukika-phala kI icchAoM ko lekara jo dharmasAdhana kiyA jAtA hai use 'sakAma-dharmasAdhana' kahate haiM. aura jo dharma vaisI icchAoM ko sAtha meM na lekara mAtra AtmIya kartavya samajhakara kiyA jAtA hai usakA nAma niSkAma-dharmasAdhana hai. niSkAmadharmasAdhana hI bAstava meM dharmasAdhana hai aura vahI vAstavika phala ko phalatA hai. sakAma-dharmasAdhana dharma ko vikRta karatA hai, sadoSa banAtA hai aura usase yatheSTa dharmaphala kI prApti nahIM ho sakatI. pratyuta usase, adharma kI aura kabhI-kabhI ghora-pApa-phala kI bhI prApti hotI hai. jo loga dharma ke vAstavika svarUpa aura usakI zakti se paricita nahIM, jinake andara dhairya nahIM, zraddhA nahIM, jo nirbala haiM, kamajora haiM, utAvale haiM aura jinheM dharma ke phala para pUrA vizvAsa nahIM hai, aise loga hI phalaprApti meM apanI icchAoM kI TA~ge ar3A kara dharma ko apanA kArya karane nahIM dete, use paMgu aura bekAra banA dete haiM, aura phira yaha kahate hue nahIM lajAte ki dharma-sAdhana se kucha bhI phala kI prApti nahIM huI hai. aise logoM ke samAdhAnArtha-unheM unakI bhUla kA parijJAna karAne ke liye hI yaha nibaMdha likhA jAtA hai, aura isameM AcArya-vAkyoM ke dvArA hI viSaya ko spaSTa kiyA jAtA hai. zrIguNabhadrAcArya apane 'AtmAnuzAsana' grantha meM likhate haiM : saMkalpyaM kalpavRkSasya cintyaM ciMtAmaNerapi / asaMkalpyamasaMciMtyaM phalaM dharmAdavApyate / 'phala ke pradAna meM kalpavRkSa saMkalpa kI aura cintAmaNi cintA kI apekSA rakhatA hai-kalpavRkSa vinA saMkalpa kiye aura cintAmaNi vinA cintA kiye phala nahIM detA, parantu dharma vaisI koI apekSA nahIM rakhatA-vaha vinA saMkalpa kiye aura vinA cintA kiye hI phala pradAna karatA hai.' jaba karma svayaM hI phala detA hai aura phala dene meM kalpavRkSa tathA cintAmaNi kI zakti ko bhI parAsta karatA hai, taba phalaprApti ke liye icchAeM karake-nidAna bAMdhakara-apane AtmAko vyartha hI saMklezita aura Akulita karane kI kyA jarUrata hai ? aisA karane se to ulaTe phala-prApti ke mArga meM kA~Te boye jAte haiM, kyoMki icchA phala-prApti kA sAdhana na hokara usameM bAdhaka hai. isameM saMdeha nahIM ki dharmasAdhana se saba sukha prApta hote haiM, parantu tabhI to jaba dharmasAdhana meM viveka se kAma liyA jAya. anyathA, kriyA ke-bAhya dharmAcaraNa ke samAna hone para bhI eka ko bandhaphala, dUsare ko mokSaphala athavA eka ko puNyaphala aura dUsare ko pApaphala kyoM milatA hai ? dekhiye, karmaphala kI isa vicitratA ke viSaya meM zrIzubhacaMdrAcArya jJAnArNava meM kyA likhate haiM : yatra bAlazcaratyasminpathi tauva paMDitaH / bAlaH svamapi badhnAti mucyate tatvavid dhruvaM / 721 / Jain EN Obrary.org
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________________ jugala kizora mukhtAra : sakAma dharmasAdhana : 441 -----0-0--0--0--0-0-0-0 jisa mArga para ajJAnI calatA hai usI para jJAnI. donoM kA dharmAcaraNa samAna hone para bhI, ajJAnI aviveka ke kAraNa karma bAMdhatA hai aura jJAnI viveka dvArA karma-baMdhana se chUTa jAtA hai. jJAnArNava ke nimna zloka meM bhI isI bAta ko puSTa kiyA gayA hai : ceSTayatyAtmanAtmAnamAjJAnI karmabandhanaH / vijJAnI mocayatyeva prabuddhaH samayAntare / 717 / isase vivekapUrNa AcaraNa kA kitanA bar3A mAhAtmya hai use batalAne kI adhika jarUrata nahIM rahatI. zrIkundakundAcArya ne, apane pravanacanasAra ke cAritrAdhikAra meM, isI viveka kA-samyagjJAna kA-mAhAtmya varNana karate hue bahuta spaSTa zabdoM meM likhA hai : jaM aNNANI kammaM khavedI bhavasayasahassakoDIhiM / taM NANI tihiM gutto khavedi ussAsamettaNa / 38 / arthAt-ajJAnI--avivekI manuSya jisa athavA jitane jJAnAvaraNAdirUpa karmasamUha ko zatasahastrakoTi bhavoM meM-karor3oM janma lekara-kSaya karatA hai usa athavA utane karmasamUha ko jJAnI manuSya mana-vacana kAya kI kriyAkA nirodha kara athavA use svAdhIna kara svarUpa meM lIna huA ucchvAsamAtrameM-lIlAmAtra meM--nAza kara DAlatA hai. isa se adhika viveka kA mAhAtmya aura kyA ho sakatA hai ? yaha viveka hI cAritra ko 'samyakcAritra' banAtA hai aura saMsAraparibhramaNa evaM usake duHkha-kaSToM se mukti dilAtA hai. viveka ke vinA cAritra mithyA cAritra hai, korA kAyalkeza hai aura vaha saMsAra-paribhramaNa tathA duHkha paraMparA kA hI kAraNa hai. isI se vivekapUrvaka athavA samyagjJAna ke anantara cAritra kA ArAdhana batalAyA gayA hai, jaisA ki zrI amRtacandrAcArya ke nimna vAkya se prakaTa hai : na hi samyagvyapadezaM cAritramajJAnapUrvakaM labhate / jJAnAnantaramuktaM cAritrArAdhanaM tasmAt / 38|-purussaarthsiddhyupaay arthAt - ajJAna pUrvaka-viveka ko sAtha meM na lekara dUsaroM kI dekhA-dekhI athavA kahane sunanemAtra se, jo cAritra kA anuSThAna kiyA jAtA hai vaha 'samyak cAritra' nAma nahIM pAtA-use 'samyak cAritra' nahIM kahate. isI se (Agama meM) samyagjJAna ke anantara--viveka ho jAne para cAritra ke ArAdhana kA-anuSThAna kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai-ratnatrayadharma kI ArAdhanA meM, jo mukti kA mArga hai, cAritra kI ArAdhanA kA isI krama se vidhAna kiyA gayA hai. zrIkundakundAcArya ne pravacanasAra meM, 'cAritaM khalu dhammo' ityAdi vAkya ke dvArA jisa caritra ko-svarUpAcaraNa kovastusvarUpa hone ke kAraNa dharma batalAyA hai vaha bhI yahI vivekapUrvaka samyakcAritra hai, jisakA dUsarA nAma sAmyabhAva hai, aura jo moha kSobha athavA mithyAtva-rAgadveSa tathA kAma-kodhAdirUpa vibhAva-pariNati se rahita AtmA kA nija pariNAma hotA hai." vAstava meM yaha viveka hI usa bhAva kA janaka hotA hai jo dharmAcaraNa kA prANa kahA gayA hai. vinA bhAvake to kriyAeM phaladAyaka hotI hI nahIM hai. kahA bhI hai : yasmAt kriyAH pratiphalanti na bhAvazUnyAH / tadanurUpa bhAva ke vinA pUjanAdika kI, tapa-dAna japAdika kI aura yahA~ taka ki dIkSAgrahaNAdika kI saba kriyAe~ bhI aisI hI nirarthaka haiM jaise ki bakarI ke gale ke stana (thana), arthAt jisa prakAra bakarI ke gale meM laTakate hue stana dekhane meM 1. cArittaM khalu dhammo, dhammo jo so samotti nnihittttho| moha-kkhoha vihINo pariNAmo appaNo hu samo / 7 / 2. dekho kalyANa maMdira stotra kA 'AkarNito'pi' Adi padya. Jal Education Intemational www.jainelfary.org
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________________ 450 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya -0-0-0-------------- stanAkAra hote haiM parantu ve stanoM kA kucha bhI kAma nahIM dete-unase dUdha nahIM nikalatA-usI prakAra vinA tadanukUla bhAva ke pUjA, tapa, dAna, japAdika saba kriyAeM bhI dekhane kI hI kriyAeM hotI haiM, pUjAdika kA vAstavika bala unase kucha bhI prApta nahIM ho sakatA.' jJAnI-vivekI manuSya hI yaha ThIka jAnatA hai ki kina bhAvoM se puNya baMdhatA hai--kina se pApa aura kina se donoM kA bandha nahIM hotA svaccha, zubha zuddha bhAva kise kahate haiM ? aura asvaccha, azubha. azuddha bhAva kisa kA nAma hai ? sAMsArika viSayasukha kI tRSNA athavA tIvra kaSAya ke vazIbhUta hokara jo puNya karma karanA cAhatA hai vaha vAstava meM puNya karma kA sampAdana kara sakatA hai yA ki nahIM aura aisI icchA dharma kI sAdhaka hai yA bAdhaka-vaha khUba samajhatA hai ki sakAma-dharma sAdhana mohakSobhAdi se ghirA hone ke kAraNa dharma kI koTi se nikala jAtA hai, dharma vastukA svabhAva hotA hai. aura isalie koI vibhAva pariNati dharma kA sthAna nahIM le sakatI. isI se vaha apanI dhAmika kriyAoM meM tadpabhAva kI yojanA dvArA prANa kA saMcAra kara ke unheM sArthaka aura saphala banAtA hai. aise hI vivekI janoM ke dvArA anuSThita dharma ko saba sukha kA kAraNa batAyA hai. viveka kI puTa vinA athavA usake sahayoga ke abhAva meM mAtra kucha kriyAoM ke anuSThAna kA nAma hI dharma nahIM hai, aisI kriyAeM to jar3a-mazIneM bhI kara sakatI haiM aura kucha karatI huI dekhI bhI jAtI haiM. phonoMgrApha ke kitane hI rikArDa khUba bhakti-rasa ke bhare hue gAna tathA bhajana gAte haiM aura zAstra par3hate hue bhI dekhane meM Ate haiM. aura bhI jar3a mazInoM se Apa jo cAheM dharma kI bAhya kriyAeM karA sakate haiM. ina saba kriyAoM ko karake jar3a mazIneM jisa prakAra dharmAtmA nahIM bana sakatIM aura na dharma ke phala ko hI pA sakatI haiM, usI prakAra avivekapUrvaka athavA samyarajJAna ke vinA dharma kI kucha kriyAeM kara lene mAtra se hI koI dharmAtmA nahIM bana jAtA aura na dharma ke phala ko hI pA sakatA hai. aise avivekI manuSyoM aura jar3a mazInoM meM koI vizeSa aMtara nahIM hotA-unakI kriyAoM ko samyakcAritra na kaha kara 'yAMtrika cAritra' kahanA cAhie. hAM, jar3a mazInoM kI apekSA aise manuSyoM meM mithyAjJAna tathA moha kI vizeSatA hone ke kAraNa ve usake dvArA pApa bandha karake apanA ahita jarUra kara lete haiM--jaba ki jar3a mazIneM vaisA nahIM kara sakatIM. isI yAMtrika cAritra ke bhulAve meM par3akara hama aksara bhUle rahate haiM aura yaha samajhate rahate haiM ki hamane dharma kA anuSThAna kara liyA ! isI taraha karor3oM janma nikala jAte haiM aura karor3oM varSa kI bAlatapasyA se bhI una karmoM kA nAza nahIM ho pAtA, jinheM eka jJAnI puruSa triyoga ke saMsAdhanapUrvaka kSaNamAtra meM nAza kara DAlatA hai. isa viSaya meM svAmI kArtikeya ne apane 'anuprekSA' saMtha meM, acchA prakAza DAlA hai. unake nimnavAkya khAsa taura se dhyAna dene yogya haiM : kamma purANaM pAvaM heU-tesi ca hoMti sacchidarA / maMdakasAyA sacchA tibvakasAyA asacchA hu| jIvo vi havaipAvaM aitivyakasAyapariNado Nicca / jIvo havei puNNaM uvasamabhAveNa sNjutto| jo ahilasedi puraNaM sakasAno visayasokkhatabahAe / dUre tassa visohI visohimUlANi puNNANi / puNNAsaeNa puNNe jaho NirIhassa punnnnsNpttii| iya jANiUNa jaiNo puraNe vi ya zrAyaraM kuNaha / / puNNaM baMdhadi jIvo maMdakasAehiM pariNado sNto| tamhA maMdakasAyA heU puNNassa Na hi baMchA // gAthA 10, 160, 410-412. 1. bhAva-hinasya pUjAdi-tapodAna-japAdikam / vyarthadokSAdikaM ca sthAdajAkaMThe stanAviva / Jain Education Intemational
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________________ jugalakizora mukhtAra : sakami dharmasAdhana 451 ina gAthAoM meM batalAyA gayA hai ki 'puNya karma kA hetu svaccha (zubha) pariNAma hai aura pApa karma kA hetu asvaccha ( azubha yA azuddha ) pariNAma. maMdakaSAyarUpa pariNAmoM ko 'svaccha pariNAma' aura tIvra kaSAya rUpa pariNAmoM ko 'asvaccha pariNAma' kahate haiM. jo jIva prati tIvra kaSAyapariNAma se pariNata hotA hai, vaha pApI hotA hai aura jo upazama bhAva se kaSAya kI maMdatA se yukta rahatA hai vaha puNyAtmA kahalAtA hai. jo jIva kaSAya bhAva se yukta huA viSaya-saukhya kI tRSNA se - indriya viSaya ko adhikAdhika rUpa meM prApta karane kI icchA se puNya karanA cAhatA hai--puNyakriyAoM ke karane meM pravRtta hotA hai-usase vizuddhi bahuta dUra rahatI hai aura puNya karma vizuddhi-mUlaka-vitta kI buddhi para AdhAra rakhane vAle hote haiM ataH unake dvArA puNya kA saMpAdana nahIM ho sakatA - ve apanI una dharmake nAma se abhihita honevAlI kriyAoM ko karake puNya paidA nahIM kara sakate. cUMki puNyaphalakI icchA rakhakara dharma kriyAoM ke karane se sakAma-dharmasAdhana se puNya kI saMprApti nahIM hotI, balki niSkAma rUpase dharma sAdhana karane vAle ko hI puNya kI saMprApti hotI hai, aisA jAna kara puNya meM bhI Asakti nahIM rakhanA cAhie. vAstava meM jo jIva mandakaSAya se pariNata hotA hai vahI puNya bAMdhatA hai. isalie maMdakaSAya hI puNya kA hetu hai, viSayavAMchA puNya kA hetu nahIM--viSayavAMchA athavA viSayAzakti tIvra kaSAya kA lakSaNa hai aura usakA karane vAlA puNya se hAtha dho baiThatA hai. Jain a ina vAkyoM se spaSTa hai ki jo manuSya dharma-sAdhanA ke dvArA apane viSayakaSAyoM kI puSTi evaM pUrti cAhatA hai, usakI kaSAya manda nahIM hotI aura na vaha dharma ke mArga para hI sthira hotA hai. isalie usake dvArA vItarAga bhagavAn kI pUjAbhakti-u -upAsanA tathA stutipATha, japa-dhyAna, sAmAyika, svAdhyAya, tapa, dAna aura vrata-upavAsAdirUpa se jo bhI dhArmika kriyAe~ banatI haiM--ve saba usake AtmakalyANa ke liye nahIM hotI unheM eka prakAra kI sAMsArika dukAnadArI hI samajhanA cAhie. aise loga dhArmika kriyAeM karake bhI pApa upArjana karate haiM aura sukha ke sthAna meM ulaTA dukha ko nimaMtraNa dete haiM. aise logoM kI isa pariNati ko zrIzubhacadrAcArya ne jJAnArNava graMtha ke 25 veM prakaraNa meM, nidAna janita ArttadhyAna likhA hai aura use ghora duHkhoM kA kAraNa batalAyA hai. yathA : puruSAnuSThAnajAtairabhipati padaM parijanendrAmarANAM yA taireva vAtyamityantopat pUjA-satkAra - lAbha-prabhRtikamathavA yAcate yadvikalpaiH syAdAtaM tannidAnaprabhavamiha nRNAM duHkhadAvo'gradhAmaM / as " arthAta - aneka prakAra ke puNyAnuSThAnoM ko dharma kRtyoM ko -- karake jo manuSya tIrthaMkara pada tathA dUsare devoM ke kisI pada kI icchA karatA hai athavA kupita huA unhIM puNyAcaraNoM ke dvArA zatrukula rUpI vRkSoM ke uccheda kI vAMchA karatA hai, athavA aneka vikalpoM ke sAtha una dharmakRtyoM ko karake apanI laukika pUjA-pratiSThA athavA lAbhAdika kI yAcanA karatA hai, usakI yaha saba sakAma pravRtti 'nidAnaja' nAmakA ArttadhyAna hai. aisA ArttadhyAna manuSya ke liye duHkha-dAvAnala kA agrasthAna hotA hai. usase mahAduHkhoM kI paramparA calatI hai. vAstava meM ArttadhyAna kA janma hI saMkleza-pariNAmoM se hotA hai, jo pApabaMdha ke kAraNa haiM. jJAnArNava ke ukta prakaraNAntargata nimna zloka meM bhI ArtavyAna ko kRSNa - nIla- kApota aisI tIna azubha lezyAoM ke bala para hI prakaTa honA likhA hai aura sAtha hI yaha sUcita kiyA hai ki ArttadhyAna pApa rUpIdAvAnala ko prajvalita karane ke liye IMdhana ke samAna hai : kRSNanIlAdyasallezyAbalena pravijRmbhate, idaM duritadAvArciHprasUterindhanopamam / 40 / isase spaSTa hai ki laukika phaloM kI icchA rakhakara dharma sAdhana karanA dharmAcaraNa ko dUSita aura niSphala nahIM banAtA, isa viSaya meM bahuta hI sAvadhAnI rakhane kI jarUrata hai. jisakA varNana karate hue zrIamitagati AcArya upA balki ulaTA pApabaMdha kA bhI kAraNa hotA hai, aura isalie hameM samyaktva ke ATha aMgoM meM niHkAMkSita nAma kA bhI eka aMga hai, sakAcAra ke tIsare pariccheda meM spaSTa likhate haiM : itica saat www.brary.org
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________________ 152: muni zrIhajAlamala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya -0-0--0-0-0-0-0--0--. vidhIyamAnAH zama-zIla saMyamAH zriyaM mameme vitarantu cintitAm , sAMsArikAnekasukhapravarddhitI niSkAMkSito neti karoti kAMkSAm / 74/ arthAt-ni:kAMkSita aMga kA dhAraka samyagdRSTi isa prakAra kI bAMchA nahIM karatA hai ki maiMne jo zama-zIla aura saMyama kA anuSThAna kiyA hai vaha saba dharmAcaraNa mujhe usa manovAMcchita lakSmI ko pradAna kare, jo nAnA prakAra ke sAMsArika sukhoM meM vRddhi karane ke liye samartha hotI hai-aisI vAMchA karane se usakA samyaktva dUSita hotA hai. isI niHkAMkSita samyagdRSTikA svarUpa zrI kundakundAcArya ne 'samayasAra' meM isa prakAra diyA hai : jo Na karedi dukakhaM kammaphale taha ya sambadhammesu , so NikaMkkho cedA sammadiTThI muNeyacco / 248 / arthAt jo dharma karma karake usake phala kI-iMdriyaviSaya sukhAdika kI icchA nahIM rakhatA hai, yaha nahIM cAhatA hai ki mere amuka karma kA mujhe amuka laukika phala mile--aura na usa phala sAdhana kI dRSTi se nAnA prakAra ke puNya rUpa dharmoM ko hI iSTa karatA hai-apanAtA hai aura isa taraha niSkAmarUpa se dharma sAdhana karatA hai, use niHkAMkSita samyagdRSTi samajhanA cAhie. yahAM para maiM itanA aura bhI batalA denA cAhatA hUM ki tattvArtha sUtra meM kSamAdi daza dharmoM ke sAtha meM 'uttama' vizeSaNa lagAyA gayA hai. uttama kSamA uttama mArdavAdi rUpa se daza dharmoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai. yaha vizeSaNa kyoM batAyA gayA hai ? ise spaSTa karate hue zrIpUjyapAda AcArya apanI 'sarvArthasiddhi' TIkA meM likhate haiM : dRSTaprayojana-parivarjanArthamuttamavizeSaNam / arthAt-laukika prayojanoM ko TAlane ke liye 'uttama' vizeSaNa kA prayoga kiyA hai. isase yaha vizeSaNa pada yahA~ 'samyak' zabda kA pratinidhi jAna par3atA hai aura usakI ukta vyAkhyA se spaSTa hai ki kisI laukika prayojana ko lekara-koI duniyAvI garja sAdhane ke liye-yadi kSamA mArdava-pArjava-satya-zauca-saMyama-tapa-tyAga-AkiMcanya-brahmacarya, ina daza dharmoM meM se kisI bhI dharma kA anuSThAna kiyA jAtA hai to vaha anuSThAna dharma kI koTi se nikala jAtA hai. aise sakAma-dharma sAdhana ko vAstava meM dharma-sAdhana hI nahIM kahate. dharma-sAdhana to svarUpasiddhi athavA Atma-vikAsa ke liye AtmIya kartavya samajha kara kiyA jAtA hai, aura isalie vaha niSkAma dharma sAdhana hI ho sakatA hai. isa prakAra sakAma-dharma sAdhana ke niSedha meM Agama kA spaSTa vidhAna aura pUjya AcAryoM kI khulI AjJAeM hote hue bhI kheda hai ki hama Ajakala adhikAMza meM sakAma dharma sAdhana kI ora hI pravRtta ho rahe haiM. hamArI pUjA-bhakti-upAsanA, stuti-vaMdanA-prArthanA, japa-tapa-dAna aura saMyamAdika kA sArA lakSya laukika phaloM kI prApti hI rahatA hai koI use karake dhana-dhAnya kI vRddhi cAhatA hai to koI putra kI saMprApti. koI roga dUra karane kI icchA rakhatA hai, to koI zarIra meM bala lAne kI. koI mukadame meM vijaya lAbha ke liye usakA anuSThAna karatA hai, to koI apane zatru ko parAsta karane ke liye. koI usake dvArA kisI Rddhi-siddhi kI sAdhanA meM vyagra hai, to koI dUsare laukika kAryoM ko saphala banAne kI kI dhuna meM masta. koI isa loka ke sukhoM ko cAhatA hai to koI paraloka meM svargAdikoM ke sukhoM kI abhilASA rakhatA hai aura koI-koI to tRSNA ke vazIbhUta hokara yahAM taka apane viveka ko kho baiThatA hai ki zrIvItarAga bhagavAn ko bhI rizvata (ghUsa) dene lagatA hai--unase kahane lagatA hai ki he bhagavan, ApakI kRpA se yadi merA amuka kArya siddha ho jAyegA to maiM ApakI pUjA karUMgA, siddha cakra kA pATha thApUgA, chatra-camarAdi bheMTa karUMgA, ratha-yAtrA nikalavAUMgA, gajaratha calavAUMgA athavA mandira banavA dUMgA. ye saba dharma kI viDambanAeM haiM. isa prakAra kI viDambanAoM se apane ko dharma kA koI lAbha nahIM hotA aura na AtmavikAsa hI sadha sakatA hai. jo manuSya dharma kI rakSA karatA hai-usake viSaya meM vizeSa sAvadhAnI rakhatA huyA use viDaMbita yA kalaMkita nahIM hone detA-vahI vAstavika dharma ke phala ko NERADEMANRANCE sary.org worary.org
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________________ jugalakizora mukhtAra : sakAma dharmasAdhana : 453 pAtA hai. 'dharmo rakSati rakSitaH' kI nIti ke anusAra rakSA kiyA huA dharma hI usakI rakSA karatA hai---aura usake pUrNa vikAsa ko siddha karatA hai. aisI hAlata meM sakAma dharmasAdhana ko haTAne aura dharma kI viDambanAoM ko miTAne ke liye samAja meM pUrNa Andolana hone kI jarUrata hai, tabhI samAja vikasita tathA dharma ke mArga para agrasara ho sakegA, tabhI usakI dhArmika pola miTegI aura tabhI vaha apanI pUrvagaurava-garimA ko prApta kara sakegA. isake liye samAja ke sadAcAraniSTha evaM dharmaparAyaNa vidvAnoM ko Age AnA cAhie aura aise dUSita dharmAcaraNoM kI yukti-purassara kharI-kharI AlocanA karake samAja ko sajaga tathA sAvadhAna karate hue use usakI bhUloM kA parijJAna karAnA cAhie. yaha isa samaya unakA khAsa karttavya hai aura bar3A hI puNya kArya hai. aise Andolana dvArA sanmArga dikhalAne ke liye samAja ke aneka pramukha patroM ko apanAapanA--pavitra karttavya samajhanA cAhie. ---------------------- Jain Education Intemational
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________________ zrIdarabArIlAla jaina, koThiyA ema0e0, nyAyAcArya, zAstrAcArya, hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI jainadarzana meM saMlekhanA kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna [adyatana yuga meM jaina saMskRti ke mArmika tathyoM ko na samajhane ke kAraNa saMlekhanA jaisI jIvana kI pavitra kriyA ko bhI AtmaghAta kI koTi meM lA khar3A kiyA jAtA hai. vastutaH AtmaghAta aura anazana meM spaSTataH mahada antara hai. vaha yaha ki prAtmaghAta ke liye manuSya taba hI utprerita hotA hai jaba usakI manovAMchita viziSTa paudgalika sAmagrI prayatna karane para bhI prApta nahIM hotI yA kAraNavaza kaSAya ke vazIbhUta hokara saMsAra se Uba kara jIvana naSTa kara DAlanA cAhatA hai. arthAt nairAzya-pUrNa jIvana kI antima abhivyakti mRtyu meM pariNata ho jAtI hai. jaba ki saMlekhanA anazana ThIka isake viparIta satya hai. mumukSu AtmAnoM ke liye deha kI taba taka hI AvazyakatA mAnI jAtI hai jaba taka vaha samatAmUlaka saMyama kI ArAdhanA meM sahAyaka hai. tadanantara anAkAMkSIbhAva se, zarIra ke prati tIna anAsaktatA ke kAraNa jo zarIra-pAta kiyA jAtA hai usameM kisI bhI prakAra kI svArthaparaka bhAvanA yA kSobha ke atyaMtAbhAva ke kAraNa use aAtmaghAta kI saMjJA denA buddhi ko ardhacandrAkAra denA hai. prazna AntariSTa dRSTi kA hai, na ki sthUla deha kA. pratyeka saMskRti kA jIvana aura adhyatma ke prati apanA nijI dRSTikoNa hotA hai. --sampAdaka pRSThabhUmi janma ke sAtha mRtyu kA aura mRtyu ke sAtha janma kA anAdi pravAha-sambandha hai. jo utpanna hotA hai usakI mRtyu bhI avazya hotI hai aura jisakI mRtyu hotI hai usakA punaH janma bhI hotA hai.' isa prakAra janma maraNa kA cakra nirantara calatA rahatA hai aura isI cakra meM AtmAoM ko nAnA kleza evaM duHkha uThAne par3ate haiM. parantu kaSAya aura viSaya-vAsanAoM meM Asakta vyakti isa dhruva satya ko nahIM samajhate. isIlie jaba koI paidA hotA hai to ve usakA 'janmotsava' manAte tathA harSa prakaTa karate haiM. lekina jaba koI maratA hai to usakI mRtyu para koI utsava nahIM kiyA jAtA. pratyuta, zoka evaM duHkha prakaTa kiyA jAtA hai. saMsAra-virakta vyakti kI vRtti isase viparIta hotI hai. vaha apanI mRtyu kA 'utsava' manAtA hai aura usapara pramoda vyakta karatA hai. ataeva manISiyoM ne usakI mRtyu ke utsava ko 'mRtyumahotsava' ke rUpa meM varNana kiyA hai. isa vailakSaNya ko 1. jA tasya hi dhruvaM mRtyudhaM vaM janma mRtasya ca |-giitaa 2-27. 2. saMsArAsaktacittAnAM mRtyItyai bhavennRNAm / modAyate punaH so'pi jJAnavairAgyavAsinAm / jJAnin ! bhayaM bhavet kasmAtmApte mRtyumahotsave | svarUpasthaH puraM yAsi dehAda haantrsthitiH|-shaantisopaan, mRtyumahotsava zlo017, 10, HAITIN TimPINIORAIPATIALA PURNIMALLALLL JANROES - - MADARAMATALATHIARIEmanuman - H IANIMAR RUNE Jain Education Interational
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________________ darabArIlAla jaina : jainadarzana meM saMlekhanA kA mahatvapUrNa sthAna : 415 samajhanA kaThina nahIM hai. yathArtha meM sAMsArika jana saMsAra (viSaya-kaSAya ke poSaka cetanAcetana padArthoM) ko AtmIya samajhate haiM. ata: unake chor3ane meM unheM duHkha kA anubhava hotA hai aura unake milane meM harSa hotA hai. parantu AtmA tathA zarIra ke bheda ko samajhane vAle jJAnI vItarAgI saMta na kevala viSaya-kaSAya kI poSaka bAhya bastuoM ko hI, apitu apane zarIra ko bhI bandhana mAnate haiM. ataH usake chor3ane meM unheM duHkha na hokara pramoda hotA hai. ve apanA vAstavika nivAsa sthAna-mukti ko samajhate haiM tathA saddarzana, jJAna, cAritra, tapa, tyAga, saMyama Adi AtmIya guNoM ko apanA yathArtha parivAra mAnate haiM. phalataH sAdhujana yadi apane pArthiva zarIra ke tyAga ko mRtyumahotsava kaheM to koI Azcarya nahIM hai. ve apane rugNa, azakta, kucha kSaNoM meM jAne vAle aura vipadgrasta jIrNa-zIrNa zarIra ko chor3ane tathA naye zarIra ko grahaNa karane meM usI taraha utsuka evaM pramudita hote haiM jisa taraha koI vyakti apane purAne, jIrNa, malina aura kAma na de sakane vAle vastra ko chor3ane meM tathA navIna vastra ke paridhAna meM adhika prasanna hotA hai.' isI tathya ko dRSTi meM rakhakara jaina zrAvaka yA sAdhu apanA maraNa sudhArane ke liye zArIrika viziSTa paristhitiyoM meM sallekhanA (samAdhimaraNa) grahaNa karatA hai. vaha nahIM cAhatA ki zarIra-tyAga, rote-vilakhate, lar3ate-jhagar3ate, saMkleza karate aura rAgadveSa kI bhaTTI meM jalate hue asAvadhAna avasthA meM ho, kintu dRr3ha, zAnta aura ujjavala pariNAmoM ke sAtha vivekapUrNa sthiti meM vIroM kI taraha usakA pArthiva zarIra chUTe. sallekhanA mumukSu zrAvaka yA sAdhu ke isI uddezya kI pUraka hai. prastuta lekha meM isI ke sambandha meM jaina dRSTi se kucha prakAza DAlA jA rahA hai. sallekhanA kA artha 'sallekhana' zabda jainadarzana kA pAribhASika zabda hai. isakA artha hai 'samyakkAyakaSAyalekhanA sallekhanA-samyak prakAra se kAya aura kaSAya donoM ko kRza karanA sallekhanA hai. jisa kriyA meM bAharI zarIra kA aura bhItarI rAgAdi kaSAyoM kA, unake nimitta kAraNoM ko kama karate hue prasannatApUrvaka vinA kisI dabAba ke svecchA se lekhana arthAt kRzIkaraNa kiyA jAtA hai, usa kriyA kA nAma sallekhanA athavA samAdhimaraNa hai. yaha yAvajjIvana pAlita evaM Acarita samasta vratoM tathA cAritra kI saMrakSikA hai, isalie ise 'vratarAja' kahA gayA hai. zrAvaka ke dvArA dvAdaza vratoM aura sAdhu ke dvArA mahAvratoM ke anantara paryAya ke anta meM ise grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai. sallekhanA kA mahattva aura usakI AvazyakatA apane pariNAmoM ke anusAra prApta jina Ayu, indriyoM aura mana, vacana, kAya, ina tIna baloM ke saMyoga kA nAma janma hai, unhIM ke kramazaH athavA sarvathA kSINa hone ko maraNa kahA gayA hai. yaha maraNa do prakAra kA hai-eka nityamaraNa aura dUsarA tadbhavamaraNa. pratikSaNa jo Ayu Adi kA hrAsa hotA rahatA hai vaha nityamaraNa hai tathA zarIra kA samUla nAza ho jAnA tadbhava maraNa hai. nitya maraNa to nirantara hotA rahatA hai, usakA AtmapariNAmoM para vizeSa koI prabhAva nahIM 1. (ka) jIrNa dehAdikaM sarva nUtanaM jAyate ytH| sa mRtyuH kiM na modAya satAM sAtotthiryathA ||-zAntisopAna, mRtyumahotsava, zlo0 15. (kha) vAsAMsi jIrNAni yathA vihAya navAni gRhati naro parANi / / tathA zarIrANi vihAya jIrNAnyanyAni saMyAti navAni deho||-giitaa 2.22 2. samyakkAyakaSAya lekhanA sallekhanA | kAyasya bAhyasyAbhyantarANAM ca kapAyANAM tatkAraNahApanakrameNa samyaglekhanA sallekhanA / -sarvArthasiddhi / 7-22. 3. mAraNAntiko sallekhanAM joSitA-ta0 sU07-22 4. svAyurindriyabalasaMzayo maraNam. svapariNAmopAttasyAyuSa : indriyANAM balAnAM ca kAraNavazAt saMkSayo maraNamiti manyante manISiNa : maraNaM dvividham, nityamaraNaM tadbhavamaraNaM ceti. tatra nityamaraNaM sabhaye samaye svAyurAdInAM nivRttiH. tadbhavamaraNaM bhavAntaraprApsyanantaropazliSTaM pUrvabhavanigamanam -bhaTTa akalaMkadeva, tattvArtharAjabArtika 7-22. VODAININHAINMHATRadioLTA ARAK (Con Jain El SABiry.org
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________________ -0-0-0--0-0--0 456 : muni zrI hajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya par3atA. para zarIrAnta rUpa jo tadbhavamaraNa hai usakA kaSAyoM evaM viSaya-vAsanAoM kI nyUnAdhikatA ke anusAra AtmapariNAmoM para acchA yA burA prabhAva avazya par3atA hai. isa tadbhavamaraNa ko sudhArane aura acchA banAne ke liye hI sallekhanA lI jAtI hai. sallekhanA se ananta saMsAra kI kAraNabhUta kaSAyoM kA Avega upazAnta athavA kSINa ho jAtA hai tathA janmamaraNa kA cakra bahuta hI kama jo jAtA hai. jaina lekhaka AcArya zivArya sallekhanA dhAraNa para bala dete hue kahate haiM ki ' "jo jIva eka hI paryAya meM samAdhipUrvaka maraNa karatA hai vaha sAta ATha paryAya se adhika saMsAra meM paribhramaNa nahIM karatA." unhoMne sallekhanA - dhAraka kA mahattva batAte hue yahAM taka likhA hai ki jo vyakti atyanta bhakti ke sAtha sallekhanAdhAraka (kSapaka) ke darzana-vandana sevAdi ke liye unake nikaTa jAtA hai vaha vyakti bhI devagati ke sukhoM ko bhoga kara anta meM uttama sthAna (nirvANa ) ko prApta karatA hai." terahavIM zatAbdI ke praur3ha lekhaka paMDita AzAdharajI ne bhI isI bAta ko bar3e hI prAJjala zabdoM meM spaSTa karate hue kahA hai ki svastha zarIra, pathya AhAra aura vihAra dvArA poSaNa karane yogya hai aura rugNa zarIra yogya auSadhoM dvArA upacAra ke yogya hai. parantu yogya AhAra-vihAra aura auSadhopacAra karate hue bhI zarIra para unakA anukUla asara na ho, pratyuta vyAdhi bar3hatI jAya to aisI sthiti meM usa zarIra ko duSTa kI taraha chor3a denA hI zreyakara hai. 3 ve asAva dhAnI evaM AtmaghAta ke doSa se bacane ke liye kucha aisI bAtoM kI ora bhI saMketa karate haiM, jinake dvArA zIghra aura avazyamaraNa kI sUcanA mila jAtI hai aura usa hAlata meM vratI ko sallekhanA meM lIna ho jAnA hI sarvottama hai. 4 isI prakAra eka dUsare vidvAn ne bhI pratipAdana kiyA hai ki "jisa zarIra kA bala pratidina kSINa ho rahA hai, bhojana uttarottara ghaTa rahA hai aura rogAdika ke pratIkAra karane kI zakti naSTa ho gayI hai vaha zarIra hI vivekI puruSoM ko batalAtA hai ki unheM kyA karanA cAhie. arthAt yathAkhyAtacAritra rUpa sallekhanA dhAraNa kara lenA cAhie. 5 mRtyumahotsava - kAra to yahAM taka kahate haiM ki samasta zrutAbhyAsa. tapazcaryA aura vratAcaraNa kI sArthakatA tabhI hai jaba mumusu dhAvaka athavA sAdhu viveka jAgRta ho jAne para sallekhanAmaraNa, samAdhimaraNa, paNDitamaraNa yA vIramaraNa pUrvaka zarIra tyAga karatA hai. ve likhate haiM : "jo phala bar3e-bar3e vratI puruSoM ko kAyakleza Adi tapa, ahiMsAdi vrata dhAraNa karane para prApta hotA hai, vaha phala anta samaya meM sAvadhAnIpUrvaka kiye gae samAdhimaraNa se jIvoM ko sahaja meM hI prApta ho jAtA hai. arthAt jo Atmavizuddhi aneka prakAra ke tapAdi se hotI hai vaha anta samaya meM samAdhipUrvaka zarIra tyAgane para prApta ho jAtI hai. 'bahuta kAla taka kiye gae ugra tapoM kA, pAle hue vratoM kA aura nirantara abhyAsa kiye hue zAstrajJAna kA ekamAtra phala 1. "egami bhavaggaha samAdhimaraNeNa jo mado jIvo / huso hiMdi bahuso sattaTTha bhave pamottUNa / --zivArya, bhagavatI ArAdhanA. 2. sallehayAe mUla jo vaccara tibba-bhatti-rAeNaM / bhottA ya deva-sukhaM so pAvadi uttamaM ThANaM / - zivArya, bhagavatI ArAdhanA. 3. kAyaH svastho'nuvartyaH syAtpratikAryazca rogitaH / upakAraM viparyayaMstyAjyaH sadbhiH khalo yathA / 4. dehAdivaikRteH samyak nimittaistu sunizcate / Jain Education international - AzAdhara, sAgAradharmAmRta--6. mRtya vArAdhanAmagnama tedUre na tatpadam / AzAdhara, sA0 60 8-10. 5. pratidivasaM vijadvalamujjha bhukti tyajatpratIkAram / vapureva nRNAM nigadati caramacaritrodayaM samayam / lekhaka - Adarza sallekhanA pRSTha 16 ( udhRta ) 6. yatphalaM prApyate sadbhitra tAyAsaviDambanAt / tatphalaM sukhasAdhyaM syAnmRtyukAle samAdhinA / - zAntisopAna, mRtyumahotsava, zlo0 21
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________________ darabArIlAla jaina : jainadarzana meM saMlekhanA kA mahatvapUrNa sthAna : 451 zAnti ke sAtha AtmAnubhava karate hue samAdhipUrvaka maraNa karanA hai. isake vinA unakA koI phala nahIM hai kevala zarIra ko sukhAnA yA khyAtilAbha karanA hai.' vikrama kI dUsarI zatAbdI ke vidvAn svAmI samataMbhadra kI mAnyatAnusAra jIvana meM Acarita anazanAdika vividha taNe kA phala anta samaya meM gRhIta sallekhanA hai. ataH apanI pUrI zakti ke sAtha samAdhipUrvaka maraNa ke lie prayatna karanA cAhie. AcArya pUjyapAda-devanandi bhI sallekhanA ke mahattva aura AvazyakatA ko batalAte hue likhate haiM ki maraNa kisI ko iSTa nahIM hai. jaise aneka prakAra ke sone, cAMdI, bahumUlya vastroM Adi kA vyApAra karane vAle kisI bhI vyApArI ko apane ghara kA vinAza kabhI bhI iSTa nahIM ho sakatA. yadi kadAcit usake vinAza kA koI (agni, bAr3ha, rAjyaviplava Adi) kAraNa upasthita ho jAya to vaha usakI rakSA karane kA pUrA upAya karatA hai aura jaba rakSA kA upAya saphala hotA huA nahIM dekhatA to ghara meM rakhe hue una sonA, cAMdI Adi bahumUlya padArthoM ko jaise-bane-vaise bacAtA hai tathA ghara ko naSTa hone detA hai. usI taraha vratazIlAdi guNaratnoM kA saMcaya karane vAlA vratI-mumukSu gRhastha athavA sAdhu bhI una vratAdi guNaratnoM ke AdhArabhUta zarIra kI prANapraNa se sadA rakSA karatA hai usakA vinAza use iSTa nahIM hotA. yadi kadAcit zarIra meM rogAdi vinAza kA kAraNa upasthita ho jAye to unakA vaha pUrI zAnti ke sAtha parihAra karatA hai. lekina jaba asAdhya roga, azakya upadrava Adi kI sthiti dekhatA hai aura zarIra kA bacanA asambhava samajhatA hai to AtmaguNoM kI rakSA karatA hai tathA zarIra ko naSTa hone detA hai." / ina ullekhoM se sallekhanA ke mahattva aura usakI AvazyakatA para paryApta prakAza par3atA hai. yahI kAraNa hai ki jainasaMskRti meM sallekhanA para bar3A bala diyA gayA hai. jaina lekhakoM ne akele isI viSaya para anekoM svataMtra graMtha likhe hai. AcArya zivArya kI 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' isI viSaya kA eka atyanta prAcIna mahattvapUrNa grantha hai. isI prakAra mRtyumahotsava' Adi vRttiyA~ bhI likhI gaI haiM, jo isa viSaya para bahuta acchA prakAza DAlatI haiM. sallekhanA kA prayojana, kAla aura vidhi yadyapi Upara ke vivecana se sallekhanA kA prayojana aura kAla jJAta ho jAtA hai phira bhI nIce use aura bhI adhika spaSTa kiyA jAtA hai. svAmI samantabhadra ne sallekhanA-dhAraNa kI sthiti aura usakA svarUpa nimna prakAra pratipAdita kiyA hai'jisakA upAya na ho, aise kisI bhayaMkara siMha Adi krUra vanyajantuoM dvArA khAye jAne Adi ke upasarga AjAne para, jisameM zuddha bhojana-sAmagrI na mila sake aise durbhikSa ke par3ane para, jisameM dhArmika evaM zArIrika kriyAyeM yathocita rIti se na pala sakeM aise bur3hApe ke AjAne para tathA kisI asAdhya roga ke ho jAne para dharma kI rakSArtha zarIra ke tyAga karane ko 'sallekhanA' kahA gayA hai.' 1. taptasya tapasazcApi pAlitasya vratasya ca / paThitasya zrutasyApi phalaM mRtyuH samAdhinA |-zAnti so0 mRtyumaho0 zloka 23. 2. antaHkriyAdhikaraNaM tapaH phalaM sakaladarzinaH stuvate / tasmAdyAvadvibhavaM samAdhimaraNe prayatitacyam |-samantabhadra-ratnakaraNDa zrA05-2. 3. "maraNasyAniSTatvAt . yathA vaNijo vividhapaNyadAnAdAnasaMcayaparasya svagRhavinAzo'niSTaH. tadvinAzakAraNe ca kutazcidupasthite yathAzakti pariharati, duHparihAre ca paNyavinAzo yathA na bhavati tathA yatate. evaM gRhattho'pi brAzIlapaNyasaMcaye pravamAnastadAzrayasya na pAttamabhivAMchati. tadupaplavakAraNe copasthite ravaguNAnidheina pariharati. duHparihAre ca yathA svaguNavinAzo na bhavati tathA prayatate." -sarvArtha si07-22. 4. upasarge durbhikSe jarasi rujAyAM ca niHpratIkAre / dharmAya tanuvimocanamAhuH sallekhanAmAryAH / -samantabhadra-ratnakaraNDa zrA0 5-1. Jail duca Inter rrhair/Personal //ww.itne prary.org
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________________ 458 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya saca bAta to yaha hai ki ina ullikhita cAra saMkaTAvasthAoM meM jo vyakti ko jhakajhora dene tathA vicalita kara denevAlI haiM-Atmadharma se cyuta na honA aura ha~sate-ha~sate sAmyabhAvapUrvaka usakI rakSA ke liye avazya jAne vAle zarIra kA utsarga kara denA sAdhAraNa puruSoM kA kArya nahIM hai. vaha to asAdhAraNa vyaktiyoM tathA unakI asAdhAraNa sAdhanA kA phala hai. ataH sallekhanA eka asAmAnya vastu hai. hameM zarIra tathA AtmA ke madhya dekhanA hogA ki kauna asthAyI hai aura kauna sthAyI ? nizcaya hI zarIra asthAyI hai aura AtmA sthAyI. aisI sthiti meM avazya nAza hone vAle zarIra ke liye abhISTa phaladAyI dharma kA nAza nahIM kiyA jAnA cAhie, kyoMki zarIra ke nAza ho jAne para to dUsarA zarIra punaH mila sakatA hai, kintu naSTa dharma kA punaH milanA durlabha hai.' ataeva jo zarIra-mohI nahIM hote ve AtmA aura anAtmA ke antara ko ThIka taraha se samajhate haiM tathA AtmA se paramAtmA kI ora bar3hate haiM. jaina sallekhanA meM yahI tattva nihita hai. isI se pratyeka jaina devopAsanA ke anta meM pratidina yaha pavitra bhAvanA karatA hai.2 "he jinendra mere duHkha kA nAza ho, duHkha ke kAraNa karma kA bhI nAza ho aura karmanAza ke kAraNa samAdhimaraNa kA lAbha ho tathA samAdhimaraNa ke kAraNabhUta samyakbodha kI prApti ho. ye cAroM vastue~ he deva ! he jagadvandhu ! Apake caraNoM kI zaraNa se mujhe prApta hoM." jaina sallekhanA kA yahI pavitra uddezya aura prayojana hai, jo sAMsArika kisI kAmanA yA vAsanA se sambaddha nahIM hai. sallekhanA-dhAraka kI saMsAra ke kisI bhoga yA upabhoga va indrAdi pada kI prApti ke liye rAga aura aprApti ke liye dveSa jaisI jaghanya icchAe~ nahIM hotI. usakI sirpha eka videha-mukti kI bhAvanA rahatI hai, jisake liye hI usane jIvanabhara vrata-tapAdipAlana kA ghora prayatna kiyA hai aura antima samaya meM bhI vaha usa prayatna se nahIM cUkanA cAhatA hai. ataeva kSapaka ko sallekhanA meM kaisI pravRtti karanA cAhie aura use lene meM kisa prakAra kI vidhi apanAnA cAhie, isa sambandha meM bhI jaina zAstroM meM vistRta aura vizada vivecana kiyA gayA hai. AcArya samantabhadra ne nimna prakAra sallekhanAvidhi batalAI hai.' sallekhanA-dhAraka ko sabase pahale iSTa vastuoM se rAga, aniSTa vastuoM se dveSa, strIputrAdi priya janoM se mamatva aura dhanAdi meM svAmitva kI buddhi ko chor3a kara pavitramana honA cAhie. usake bAda apane parivAra aura apane se saMbandhita vyaktiyoM se jIvana meM hue aparAdhoM ko kSamA karAye tathA svayaM bhI unheM priyavacana bolakara kSamA kare aura isa taraha apane antaHkaraNa ko niSkaSAya banAe. 1. nAvazyaM nAzine hiMsyo dho dehAya kAmadaH / deho naSTaH punarlabhyo dharmastavatyantadurlabhaH ||-aashaadhr, sAgAradharmAmRta-8-7. 2. dukkhakkho kammakkho samAhimaraNaM ca bohilAho ya / mama hou jagatabaMdhava tava jiNavara ! caraNasaraNeNa / bhAratIya jJAnapITha, pUjAJjali pR0 87. 3. snehaM bairaM saGga parigrahaM cApahAya zuddhamanAH / svajanaM parijanamapi ca kSAntvA kSamayetpriyairvacanaiH / Alocya sarvamenaH kRta-kAritamanumataM ca nirvyAjam | AropayenmahAvratamAmaraNasthAthi niHzeSam / zokaM bhayamavasAdaM kledaM kAluSyamaratimapi hitvA / satvotsAhamudIrya ca manaH prasAcaM zrutairamRtaiH / AhAraM parihApya kramazaH snigdha vibarddhayetpAnam / snigdhaM ca hApapitvA kharapAnaM pUrayetkramazaH / khara-pAna-hApanAmapi kRtvA kRtvopavAsamapi zaktyA / paMcanamaskAramanAstarnu tyajetsarvayatnena |-samantabhadra, ratna ka0 zrA05, 3-7. AJJAREER Jain Luuto
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________________ 000200 darabAralAna jaina : jainadarzana meM saMlekhanA kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna : 456 isake pazcAt vaha jIvana meM kiye, karAye aura anumodita samasta hiMsAdi pApoM kI niyata bhAva se AlocanA (veda prakAzana) kare tathA mRtyuparyanta mahAvratoM kA apane meM Aropa kare. isake sAtha hI zoka, bhaya, kheda, glAni (ghRNA), kaluSatA aura AkulatA ko bhI chor3a de tathA bala evaM utsAha ko jAgRta karake amRtopama zAstravacanoM dvArA mana ko prasanna rakhe. isa prakAra kaSAya ko kRza karane ke uparAnta zarIra ko kRza karane ke liye sallekhanAdhArI sallekhanA meM sarvaprathama AhAra ( bhakSya padArthoM) kA tyAga kare aura dUdha, chAcha Adi peya padArthoM para nirbhara rahe. isake anantara unheM bhI chor3a kara kAMjI yA garma jala pIne kA abhyAsa kare. bAda meM unheM bhI tyAga kara zaktipUrvaka upavAsa kare. isa prakAra upavAsa karate-karate evaM parameSThI kA dhyAna karate hue pUrNa jAgrata evaM sAvadhAnI meM zarIra kA utsarga kare.' yaha sallekhanA kI vidhi hai. isa vidhi se sAdhaka ( ArAdhaka ) apane Ananda - jJAna-dhana AtmA kA sAdhana karatA hai aura aura bhAvI paryAya ko vartamAna jIrNa-zIrNa nazvara paryAya se jyAdA sukhI, zAnta, nirvikAra, nitya, zAzvata evaM ucca banAne kA saphala puruSArtha karatA hai. nazvara se anazvara kA lAbha ho to use kauna vivekI chor3ane ko taiyAra hogA ? ataeva sallekhanA dhAraka una pAMca doSoM se bhI apane ko bacAtA hai, jo usakI pavitra sallekhanA ko dUSita karate haiM ye pAMca doSa nimna prakAra haiM : sallekhanA dhAraNa karane ke bAda jIvita bane rahane kI AkAMkSA karanA, zIghra mRtyu kI icchA karanA, bhayabhIta honA, snehiyoM kA smaraNa karanA aura Age kI paryAya meM sukhoM kI cAha karanA, ye pA~ca doSa haiM, jinheM aticAra kahA hai aura jinase sallekhanA - dhAraka ko bacanA cAhie. sallekhanA kA phala sallekhanA- dhAraka dharma kA pUrNa anubhava aura prApti karane ke kAraNa niyama se niHzreyas aura amyudaya prApta karatA hai. svAmI samantabhadra sallekhanA kA phala batalAte hue likhate haiM ki "uttama sallekhanA karane vAlA dharmarUpI amRta ko pAna karane ke kAraNa samasta duHkhoM se rahita hotA huA niHzreyas aura abhyudaya ke aparimita sukhoM ko prApta karatA hai.' 12 vidvadvara paM0 AzAdharajI bhI kahate haiM ki 'jisa mahApuruSa ne saMsAraparamparA ke nAzaka samAdhimaraNa ko dhAraNa kiyA hai usane dharma rUpI mahAn nidhi ko parabhava meM jAne ke liye sAtha le liyA hai. jisase vaha usI taraha sukhI rahe jisa prakAra eka grAma se dUsare grAma ko jAne vAlA vyakti pAsa meM paryApta pAtheya rakhane para nirAkula rahatA hai. isa jIva ne ananta bAra maraNa kiyA, kintu samAdhi sahita puNyamaraNa kabhI nahIM kiyA, jo saubhAgya evaM puNyodaya se aba prApta huA hai. sarvajJadeva ne isa samAdhi sahita puNyamaraNa kI bar3I prazaMsA kI hai kyoMki samAdhipUrvaka maraNa karanevAlA mahAn AtmA nizcaya se saMsAra rUpI piMjar3e ko tor3a detA hai--use phira saMsAra ke bandhana meM nahIM rahanA par3atA hai.' Jain Ducati ten 1. jIvita - maraNA''zaMse bhaya-mitrasmRti- nidAnanAmAnaH / sallekhanA ticArAH paMca jinendraH samAdiSTAH 2. niHzreyasamabhyudayaM nistIraM dustaraM sukhAmbunidhim / niH pibati pItadharmA sarvaiduHkhairanAlIDhaH / 2. sahagAmi kRtaM tena dharmasarvasvamAtmanaH / samAdhimaraNa yena bhavavidhvaMsi sAdhitam / prAgjantunA'munA'nantAH prAptAstadbhavamRtyavaH / samAdhiyo na paraM paramAzcaramakSaNaH | varaM zaMsanti mAhAtmyaM sarvajJAzcaramakSaNe | yasminsamAhitA bhavyA bhaJjanti bhavapajjaram / - zrAzAvara, sAgAradharmAmRta 7-58, 8- 27, 28. 0003 0000000 -samantabhadra, ra0 ka0 zra0 58. -samantabhadra, ra0ka0 zrA0 5-6. Private & Personal us2003 200000 00000000 jainerprary.org
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________________ 460 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya ---- -------------- kSapaka kI sallekhanA meM sahAyaka aura unakA mahattvapUrNa kartavya ArAdhaka jaba sallekhanA le letA hai to vaha usameM bar3e Adara, prema aura zraddhA ke sAtha saMlagna rahatA hai tathA uttarottara pUrNa sAvadhAnI ke sAtha Atma-sAdhanA meM gati-zIla rahatA hai. usake isa puNya kArya meM, jise eka 'mahAn yajJa' kahA gayA hai, pUrNa saphalatA mile aura vaha apane pavitra patha se vicalita na hone pAye, isake lie anubhavI muni-niryApakAcArya usakI sallekhanA meM sampUrNa zakti evaM Adara ke sAtha use sahAyatA karate haiM aura samAdhimaraNa meM susthira rakhate haiM. ve use sadaiva tattvajJAna-pUrNa madhura upadezoM dvArA zarIra aura saMsAra kI asAratA evaM nazvaratA batalAte haiM, jisase vaha unameM mohita na ho. 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' (gA 650-676) meM samAdhimaraNa karAne vAloM kA bahuta hI sundara varNana karate hue likhA hai : "kSapaka kI sallekhanA karAne vAle muniyoM ko dharmapriya, dRr3hazraddhAnI, pApabhIru, parISahajetA, dezakAlajJAtA, yogyAyogyavicAraka, tyAgamArgamarmajJa, anubhavI, sva-para-tattvavivekI, vizvAsI aura paropakArI honA cAhie. unakI saMkhyA utkRSTa 48 aura kama-se-kama 2 honA caahie|" "48 muni kSapaka kI isa prakAra sevA kareM-4 muni kSapaka ko uThAne baiThAne Adi rUpa se zarIra kI Tahala kareM. 4 muni dharma zravaNa karAyeM. 4 muni bhojana aura 4 muni pAna karAyeM. 4 muni rakSA-dekhabhAla kareM. 4 muni zarIra ke mala-mUtrAdi ke kSepaNa meM tatpara raheM. 4 muni vasatikA ke dvAra para raheM, jisase aneka loga kSapaka ke pariNAmoM meM kSobha na kara sakeM. 4 muni kSapaka kI arAdhanA ko suna kara Aye logoM ko sabhA meM dharmopadeza dvArA santuSTa kareM. 4 muni rAtri meM jAgeM. 4 muni deza kI UMca-nIca sthiti ke jJAna meM tatpara raheM. 4 muni bAhara se Aye gaye logoM se bAtacIta kareM. aura 4 muni kSapaka ke samAdhimaraNa meM vidhna karane kI sambhAvanA se Aye logoM se vAda (zAstrArtha dvArA dharmaprabhAvanA) kareM. ye mahAprabhAvazAlI niryApaka muni kSapaka kI samAdhi meM pUrNa yatna se sahAyatA karate haiM aura use saMsAra se pAra karAte haiM. bharata aura airAvata kSetra meM kAla kI vicitratA hone se yathAnukUla avasara meM jitanI vidhi bana jAye aura jitane guNoM ke dhAraka niryApaka mila jAe~ utane bhI samAdhi karAyeM, ati zreSTha hai. para niryApaka eka nahIM honA cAhie, kyoMki akelA eka niryApaka kSapaka kI 24 ghaMTe sevA karane para thaka jAyegA aura kSapaka kI acchI taraha samAdhi nahIM karA pAyegA.' niryApaka muni kSapaka ko jo kalyANakArI upadeza dekara samAdhimaraNa meM susthira rakhate haiM usakA paMDita pravara AzAdhara jI ne nimna prakAra varNana kiyA hai.2 "he kSapaka ! loka meM aisA koI pudgala nahIM, jise tumane eka se adhika bAra na bhogA ho, phira bhI vaha tumhArA koI hita na kara sakA. para-vastu kyA kabhI AtmA kA hita kara sakatI hai ? AtmA kA hita to jJAna, saMyama aura tyAga, ye AtmaguNa hI kara sakate haiM. ataH bAhya vastuoM se moha ko tyAgo aura viveka tathA saMyama kA Azraya lo aura sadaiva yaha vicAro ki maiM anya hU~ aura pudgala anya hai, maiM cetana hU~, jJAtA-dRSTA hU~ aura pudgala acetana hai, jJAnadarzanarahita hai. maiM Ananda-dhana hU~ aura pudgala aisA nahIM hai." 1. piyadhammA daDhadhammA saMviggA'vajjabhIruNo dhIrA / cha daNhU paccaiyA paccakkhANammi ya vidnnhuu| kappAkappe kuzalA samAdhikaraNajjudA sudarahassA / gIdatthA bhayavanto aDadAlIsaM tu NijjakyA / NijjAvayA ya dogiNa vi hoti jaharaNeNa kAlasaMsayaNA / ekko NijjAvayao Na hoi kaiyA vi jiNasute / -zivArya, bhagavatI ArAdhanA. 2. dekhie, AzAdhara, sAgAradharmAmRta, 8, 48-107. Jain Education Interational -
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________________ darabArIlAla jaina : jainadarzana meM saMlekhanA kA mahatvapUrNa sthAna : 461 'he kSapakarAja ! jisa sallekhanA ko tuma aba taka dhAraNa nahIM kara pAye the, use dhAraNa karane kA suavasara tumheM Aja prApta huA hai. usa sallekhanA meM koI doSa mata Ane do. tuma parISaha yA vedanA ke kaSTa se mata ghabarAo. ve tumhAre AtmA kA kucha bigAr3a nahIM sakate. unheM tuma sahanazIlatA evaM dhIratA se sahana karo aura unake dvArA karmoM kI asaMkhyAtaguNI nirjarA karo." "he ArAdhaka ! mithyAtva kA vamana karo, samyaktva kA sevana karo. paMcaparameSThI kA smaraNa karo aura unake guNoM meM anurAga karo tathA apane zuddha jJAnopayoga meM lIna raho. apane mahAvratoM kI rakSA karo. kaSAyoM ko jIto. indriyoM ko vaza meM karo. sadaiva AtmA meM hI AtmA kA dhyAna karo. mithyAtva ke samAna duHkhadAyI aura samyaktva ke samAna sukhadAyI tIna loka meM anya koI vastu nahIM hai. dekho dhanadatta rAjA kA saMghazrI maMtrI pahale samyagdRSTi thA, pIche usane samyaktva kI virAdhanA kI aura mithyAtva kA sevana kiyA, jisake kAraNa usakI A~kheM phUTI aura saMsAra-cakra meM use ghUmanA par3A. rAjA zreNika tIvra mithyAdRSTi thA, kintu bAda meM samyagdRSTi bana gayA, jisake prabhAva se apanI baMdhI huI naraka sthiti ko kama karake usane tIrthakara prakRtti kA bandha kiyA tathA bhaviSyatkAla meM vaha tIrthaMkara hogA." "he kSapakarAja ! tumane Agama meM aneka bAra sunA hogA ki padmaratha nAma kA mithilA kA rAjA "vAsupUjyAya namaH" kahatA huA aneka vighna-bAdhAoM se pAra ho gayA thA aura bhagavAn ke samavasaraNa meM pahuMcA thA. vahA~ pahu~ca kara usane dIkSA le lI tathA bhagavAn kA zIghra gaNadhara bana gayA thA. yaha arhantabhakti kA hI itanA bar3A pratApa thA. subhaga nAma ke gvAle ne 'namo arihantANaM' itanA hI kahA thA, jisake prabhAva se vaha sudarzana huA aura anta meM mokSa ko prApta huA." "isI taraha he kSapaka ! jinhoMne pariSahoM ko evaM upasargoM ko sahana karake mahAvratoM kA pAlana kiyA unhoMne abhyudaya aura mokSa prApta kiyA. sukumAla ko dekho, ve jaba tapa ke liye vana meM gaye aura dhyAna meM magna the, to zRgAlinI ne unheM kitanI nirdayatA se khAyA, parantu sukumAla svAmI jarA bhI apane dhyAna se vicalita nahIM hue aura ghora upasarga sahakara uttama gati ko prApta hue. zivabhUti mahAmuni ko bhI dekho, unake sira para AMdhI se ur3a kara ghAsa kA gAMja Apar3A thA, parantu ve Atma-dhyAna se tanika bhI nahIM Dige aura nizcala vRtti se zarIra tyAgakara nirvANa ko prApta hue. pAMcoM pANDava jaba tapasyA kara rahe the usa samaya kauravoM ke bhAnaje Adi ne purAtana vaira nikAlane ke liye garama lohe kI sAMkaloM se bAMdhA aura kIleM ThoMkI, kintu ve aDiga rahe aura upasarga saha kara uttama gati ko prApta hue. yudhiSThira, bhIma aura arjuna mokSa gaye tathA nakula aura sahadeva savArthasiddhi ko prApta hue. vidyuccara ne kitanA bhArI upasarga sahA aura anta meM sadgati pAI." "ataH he ArAdhaka ! tumheM ina mahApuruSoM ko apanA Adarza banA kara dhIratA-vIratA se saba kaSToM ko sahana karate hue AtmalIna rahanA cAhie, jisase tumhArI samAdhi uttama prakAra ho aura abhyudaya tathA nirvANa prApta karo. jo jIva eka bAra bhI acchI taraha samAdhimaraNa karake zarIra tyAgatA hai vaha 7-8 bhava se adhika saMsAra meM nahIM ghUmatA.' ataH he kSapaka ! tumheM apanA yaha durlabha samAdhimaraNa pUrNa dhIratA-vIratA, sAvadhAnI evaM viveka ke sAtha karanA cAhie, jisase tumheM saMsAra meM phira na ghUmanA par3e." isa taraha niryApaka muni kSapaka ko samAdhimaraNa meM nizcala aura sAvadhAna banAye rakhate haiM. kSapaka ke samAdhimaraNa rUpa mahAn yajJa kI saphalatA meM ina mahAn niryApaka sAdhuoM kA pramukha evaM advitIya sahayoga hone se Agama meM unakI prazaMsA karate hue likhA hai:2-"ve mahAnubhAva (niryApaka muni) dhanya haiM, jo sampUrNa Adara aura zakti ke sAtha kSapaka ko sallekhanA karAte haiM." 1. zivArya bhagavatI ArAdhanA. 2. te ciya mahAgubhAvA ghaNNA jehiM ca tassa khavayassa / savAdassattIe uvahidArAdharaNA sayalA |-shivaary, bha0 prA0 gAthA 2000. HTTEN Jain Ed
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________________ 462 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya sallekhanA ke bheda jaina zAstroM meM zarIra kA tyAga tIna taraha se batAyA gayA hai' 1. cyuta, 2. cyAvita aura 3. tyakta. 1. cyutaH---svataH Ayu pUrNa hone para zarIra chUTatA hai vaha cyuta kahalAtA hai. 2. cyAvitaH-jo viSa-bhakSaNa, raktakSaya, dhAtukSaya, zastrAghAta, saMkleza, agnidAha, jalapraveza Adi nimitta kAraNoM se zarIra chor3A jAtA hai vaha cyAvita kahA gayA hai. 3. tyaktaH--jo rogAdi ho jAne aura unakI asAdhyatA evaM maraNAnta hone para viveka sahita saMnyAsa rUpa pariNAmoM se zarIra chor3A jAtA hai vaha tyakta hai. tIna taraha ke zarIratyAgoM meM tyakta-zarIratyAga sarvazreSTha aura uttama mAnA gayA hai, kyoMki tyakta avasthA meM AtmA pUrNatayA jAgRta evaM sAvadhAna rahatA hai tathA use koI saMkleza pariNAma nahIM hotA. isa tyakta zarIratyAga ko hI samAdhimaraNa, saMnyAsamaraNa, paNDitamaraNa, vIramaraNa aura sallekhanAmaraNa kahA gayA hai. yaha sallekhanAmaraNa (tyakta zarIratyAga) tIna prakAra kA pratipAdana kiyA hai:21. bhaktapratyAkhyAna, 2. iMginImaraNa aura 3. prAyopagamana. 1. bhakttapratyAkhyAna-jisameM anna-pAna kA kramazaH abhyAsa pUrvaka tyAga kiyA jAtA hai use bhaktapratyAkhyAna yA bhaktapratijJA sallekhanA kahate haiM. isakA kAla-pramANa kama-se-kama antarmuhUrta hai aura adhika-se-adhika 12 varSa hai. madhyama, antarmuhurta se Upara aura bAraha varSa se nIce kA kAla hai. isameM ArAdhaka AtmAtirikta samasta paravastuoM se rAgadveSAdi chor3atA hai tathA apane zarIra kI Tahala svayaM bhI karatA hai aura dUsaroM se bhI karAtA hai. 2. iMginImaraNa -- meM kSapaka apane zarIra kI sevA-paricaryA svayaM to karatA hai, para dUsare se nahIM karAtA. svayaM uThegA aura svayaM leTegA aura isa taraha apanI sampUrNa kriyAe~ svayaM karegA. vaha pUrNatayA svAvalambana kA Azraya le letA hai. 3. prAyopagamana meM vaha na apanI sahAyatA letA hai aura na dUsare kI. AtmA kI ora hI usakA satata lakSya rahatA hai aura usI ke dhyAna meM sadA rata rahatA hai. isa sallekhanA ko sAdhaka taba hI dhAraNa karatA hai jaba baha antima avasthA meM pahu~ca jAtA hai tathA jisakA saMhanana prabala hotA hai. inameM bhaktapratyAkhyAna do taraha kA hai-1. savicAra bhaktapratyAkhyAna aura 2. avicAra bhaktapratyAkhyAna. savicAra bhaktapratyAkhyAna meM ArAdhaka apane saMgha ko chor3akara dUsare saMgha meM jAkara sallekhanA grahaNa karatA hai. yaha sallekhanA bahuta kAla bAda maraNa hone tathA zIghra maraNa na hone kI hAlata meM grahaNa kI jAtI hai. isa sallekhanA kA dhArI 'arha' Adi adhikAroM ke vicAra pUrvaka utsAha sahita ise dhAraNa karatA hai. isI se ise savicAra bhaktapratyAkhyAna sallekhanA. kahate haiM. para jisa ArAdhaka kI Ayu adhika nahIM hai aura zIghra maraNa hone vAlA hai tathA aba dUsare saMgha meM jAne kA samaya nahIM hai aura na zakti hai, vaha muni avicAra bhaktapratyAkhyAna samAdhimaraNa dhAraNa karatA hai. isake bhI tIna bheda hai. 1. niruddha, 2. niruddhatara aura 3. paramaniruddha. 1. niruddhaH-dUsare saMgha meM jAne kI pairoM meM sAmarthya na rahe, zarIra thaka jAya athavA ghAtaka roga, vyAdhi yA upasargAdi AjAyeM aura apane saMgha meM hI ruka jAya to usa hAlata meM muni isa samAdhimaraNa ko grahaNa karatA hai. isalie ise niruddha 1. dekhiye, nemicandrAcArya, gommaTasAra karmakANDa 56, 57, 58. 2. dekhiye, nemicandrAcArya -go0 karma0 gA051 tathA bhaga0 ArA0 gA0 26. 3. dekhiye nemicandrAcArya -go0 karma0 gA061. 4. dekhiye, nemicandrAcArya -go0 karma gA0 61. zvetAmbaraparamparA ke granthoM meM ise 'pAdapopagamana' yA 'pAdopagamana' kahate haiM, RAMAmeguYTIMINATIONAL RAJASTHANI NTINUTANATIMALAMITRA SOR CON UAR Jain E www.gairenionary.org
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________________ darabArIlAla jaina : jainadarzana meM saMlekhanA kA mahatvapUrNa sthAna : 463 avicAra pratyAkhyAna-sallekhanA kahate haiM. yaha do prakAra kA hai-1. prakAza aura 2. aprakAza. loka meM jinakA samAdhimaraNa vikhyAta ho jAye vaha prakAza hai tathA jinakA vikhyAta na ho vaha aprakAza hai. 2. nirudatara-sarpa, agni, vyAghra, mahiSa, hAthI, rIcha, cora, vyantara, mUrchA, duSTa puruSoM Adi ke dvArA mAraNAntika Apatti Ane para tatkAla Ayu kA anta jAnakara nikaTavartI AcAryAdika ke samIpa apanI nindA, gahIM karatA huA sAdhu zarIra-tyAga kare to use niruddhatara-avicAra-bhakta-pratyAkhyAna-sallekhanA kahate haiM. 3. paramaniruddha sarpa, vyAghrAdi bhISaNa upadravoM ke AjAne para vANI ruka jAya, bola na nikala sake, aise samaya meM mana meM hI arahantAdi paMca parameSThiyoM ke prati apanI AlocanA karatA huA sAdhu zarIra tyAge use parama-niruddha-bhakta pratyAkhyAna-sallekhanA kahate haiM. 0-0--0-0-0--0-0--0--0--0 samAdhimaraNa kI zreSThatA ye tInoM (bhakta pratyAkhyAna, iMginI aura prAyopagamana) samAdhimaraNa uttama evaM sarvazreSTha mAne gaye haiM. AcArya zivArya ne (bhagavatI ArAdhanA gAthA-25 se 30 taka meM) sattaraha prakAra ke maraNoM kA ullekha karake unameM pA~ca' taraha ke maraNoM kA varNana karate hue tIna maraNoM ko prazaMsanIya batalAyA hai. ve tInoM maraNa ye haiM.2 'paMDitapaMDitamaraNa, paMDitamaraNa, aura bAlapaMDitamaraNa ye tIna maraNa sadA prazaMsA ke yogya haiM.' Age pA~ca maraNoM ke sambandha meM kahA hai ki vItarAga kevalI bhagavAn ke nirvANa-gamana ko 'paMDita-paMDitamaraNa' dezavratI zrAvaka ke maraNa ko 'bAlapaMDitamaraNaM' AcArAMga zAstrAnusAra cAritra ke dhAraka sAdhu-muniyoM ke maraNa ko 'paMDitamaraNa" aviratasamyagdRSTi ke maraNa ko 'bAlamaraNa' aura mithyAdRSTi ke maraNa ko 'bAla-bAlamaraNa kahA hai. bhakta-pratyAkhyAna, iMginI aura prAyopagamana ye tIna paMDita maraNa ke bheda haiM. inhIM tIna kA Upara saMkSepa meM varNana kiyA gayA hai. AcArya zivArya ne isa sallekhanA ke karane, karAne, dekhane, anumodana karane, usameM sahAyaka hone, AhAra-auSadha-sthAnAdi kA dAna dene tathA Adarabhakti prakaTa karane vAloM ko puNyazAlI batalAte hue bar3A sundara varNana kiyA hai. ve likhate haiM, 1. paMDidapaMTidamaraNaM paMDidayaM bAlapaMDidaM ceva / bAlamaraNa cautthaM paMcamayaM bAlabAlaM ca / bhaga0 ArAdhanA gA0 26. 2. paMDidapaMDidamaraNaM ca paMDidaM bAlapaMDidaM ceva / edANi tiriNa maraNANi jiNA piccaM pasaMsanti |-bhg0 ArAdhanA gA0 27. 3. paMDidapaMDidamaraNe khINakasAyA maranti kevaliyo / viradAviradA jIvA maranti tadiyeNa mararoNa / pAyovagamaNamaraNaM bhattapaNNA ya iMgiNI ceva / tivihaM paMDidamaraNaM sAhussa jahuttacariyassa / aviradasammAdiTThI maranti bAlamaro cautthahammi / micchAdiTThI ya puNo paMcamae vAlabAlammi |-bhaga0 ArAdhanA gA0 28, 29, 30. 4. te sUrA bhayavantA AiccaiUNa saMghamajhammi / ArAdhaNA-paTAyA cauppayArA dhiyA jehiM / te dharaNA te pANI laddho lAmo va tehi sabjehiM / ArAdhaNA bhayavado paDibaraNA jehi saMpuNNA / kiMNAma tehi loge mahAgubhAvehiM hujja Na ya pattaM / ArAdhaNA bhayavado sayalA ArAdhidA jehiM / te ciya mahANabhAvA dharANA jehiM ca tassa khavayassa / savvAdara - sattopa uvavihidArAdhaNA sylaa| ICAN HTR A yA TTARAIANTATIALALIRA HALLIANALANNIMAIMILARAS Anna MIMARY HELLO ESEARTIMILITAMIN A NTAHIRALLUMINAINA COPATI % 3DA JANAM IMUD RANI RANT Mahes Imus Jain E NIATibrary.org
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________________ 464 muni zrIhajArImala smRti-andha dvitIya adhyAya 've muni dhanya haiM jinhoMne saMgha ke madhya meM samAdhimaraNa grahaNa kara cAra prakAra kI ArAdhanArUpI patAkA ko phaharAyA. 've hI bhAgyazAlI haiM aura jJAnI haiM tathA unhoMne samasta lAbha pAyA hai jinhoMne durlabha bhagavatI ArAdhanA ( sallekhanA ) ko prApta kara use sampanna kiyA hai'. 'jisa ArAdhanA ko saMsAra meM mahAprabhAvazAlI vyakti bhI prApta nahIM kara pAte, usa ArAdhanA ko jinhoMne pUrNarUpa se prApta kiyA unakI mahimA kA varNana kauna kara sakatA hai ?' 've mahAnubhAva bhI dhanya haiM, jo pUrNa Adara aura samasta zakti ke sAtha kSapaka kI ArAdhanA karAte haiM.' 'jo dharmAtmA puruSa kSapaka kI ArAdhanA meM upadeza, AhAra-pAna, auSadha va sthAnAdi ke dAna dvArA sahAyaka hote haiM ve bhI samasta ArAdhanAoM ko nirvighnapUrNa karake siddhapada ko prApta hote haiM.' puruSa bhI puNyazAlI haiM, kRtArtha hai jo pApakarma rUpI maila ko chuTAne vAle tIrtha meM sampUrNa bhakti aura Adara ke sAtha snAna karate haiM. arthAt kSapaka ke darzana-vandana-pUjana meM pravRtta hote haiM.' 'yadi parvata, nadI Adi sthAna tapodhanoM se sambandhita hone se tIrtha kahe jAte haiM aura unakI sabhakti vandanA kI jAtI hai to tapoguNarAzi kSapaka, tIrtha kyoM nahIM kahA jAyegA' avazya kahA jAyegA. usakI vandanA aura darzana kA bhI vahI phala prApta hotA hai jo tIrtha bandanA kA hotA hai.' 'yadi pUrva RSiyoM kI pratimAoM kI vandanA karane vAle ke lie puNya hotA hai to sAkSAt kSapaka kI vandanA evaM darzana karane vAle puruSako pracura puNya kA saMcaya kyoM nahIM hogA ? apitu avazya hogA.' 'jo tIvra bhakti sahita ArAdhaka kI sadA sevA - vaiyAkRtya karatA hai usa puruSa kI bhI ArAdhanA nirvighna sampanna hotI hai arthAt vaha uttama gati ko prApta hotA hai.' kyA janetara darzanoM meM yaha mahatvapUrNa vidhAna hai ? yaha sallekhanA jainetara janatAke lie ajJAta viSaya hai, kyoMki jaina sAhitya ke sivAya anya sAhitya meM usakA koI varNana upalabdha nahIM hotA. hA~, dhyAna yA samAdhi kA vistRta kathana milatA hai, para usakA ataH kriyA se koI saMbaMdha nahIM hai. usakA saMbaMdha kevala siddhiyoM ko prApta karane athavA Atma-sAkSAtkAra se hai. vaidika sAhitya meM solaha saMskAroM meM eka antyeSTi saMskAra AtA hai' jise aihika jIvana ke aMtima adhyAya kI samApti kahA gayA hai aura jisakA dUsarA nAma mRtyu saMskAra hai. yadyapi isa saMskAra kA antaHkriyA se saMbaMdha hai kintu vaha sAmAnya gRhasthoM kA kiyA jAtA hai. siddha-- mahAtmAoM saMnyAsiyoM yA bhikSuoM kA nahIM, jinakA parivAra se koI sambandha nahIM raha jAtA aura na jinheM antyeSTi-kriyA kI AvazyakatA jo uvavidhedi savvAdareNa ArAgharAM khu aNNassa / saMpajjadi givvigdhA sayalA ArAdhaNA tassa / te vi katthA dharaNA ya hunti je pAvakammamalaharaNe / hAyanti khavaya- titthe savvAdara bhattisaMjuttA / giri-yadiAdipadesA titthANi tavodhaNehiM jadi usidA / titthaM kathaM ga hujjo tavaguNarAsI sayaM khavaoo / puvva-risINaM paDimA caMdramANarasa hoi jadi purANaM / khavayassa vando kiha purANaM viulaM ga pAvijja / jo zroggadi ArAdhayaM sadA tivva-bhatti saMjuto / saMpajjadi zivvigdhA tassa vi ArAdhaNA sayalA / - zivArya bha0 A0 1667-2005. 1. 2. DA0 rAjabalI pANDeya, hindU saMskAra pR0 266. Jain Educating mational & dhee Only. www.nrary.org
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________________ darabArIlAla jaina : jainadarzana meM saMlekhanA kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna : 465 hI rahatI hai.' inake to jala-nikhAta yA bhU-nikhAta ke ullekha milate hai.2 yaha bhI dhyAna dene yogya hai ki hiMdU dharma meM antyeSTi kI sampUrNa kriyAoM meM mRta-vyakti ke viSaya-bhoga tathA sukha-suvidhAoM ke liye prArthanAeM kI jAtI haiM. hameM usake AdhyAtmika lAbha athavA mokSa ke lie icchA kA bahuta kama saMketa milatA hai. janma-maraNa ke cakra se mukti pAne ke liye prArthanA bahuta kama hai. jaba ki jaina sallekhanA meM pUrNatayA AdhyAtmika lAbha tathA mokSa kI bhAvanA nihita hai laukika eSaNAoM kI usameM kAmanA nahIM hai. eka bAta yahA~ jJAtavya hai ki nirNayasiMdhukAra ne brahmacArI, gRhastha aura vAnaprastha ke atirikta Atura arthAt mumUrSu (maraNAbhilASI) aura duHkhita arthAt caura vyAghrAdi se bhayabhIta vyakti ke liye bhI saMnyAsa kA vidhAna karane vAle katipaya matoM ko diyA hai. inameM batalAyA gayA hai ki saMnyAsa lene vAlA Atura athavA duHkhita yaha saMkalpa karatA hai ki "maiMne jo ajJAna pramAda yA Alasya doSa se burA karma kiyA una saba kA maiM tyAga karatA hU~ aura saba jIvoM ke liye abhayadAna detA hU~ tathA vihAra karate hue kisI jIva kI hiMsA nahIM karUMgA." para yaha saba kathana saMnyAsI ke maraNAnta samaya ke vidhi-vidhAna ko nahIM batalAtA, kevala saMnyAsa lete samaya kI jAne vAlI caryA kA digyadarzana karAtA hai. spaSTa hai ki yahA~ saMnyAsa kA vaha artha vivakSita nahIM hai jo sallekhanA kA artha hai. saMnyAsa kA artha hai yahA~ sAdhu-dIkSA, kiMvA, karmatyAga yA saMnyAsa nAmaka caturtha Azrama kA svIkAra hai aura sallekhanA kA artha saMnyAsa ke antargata maraNa samaya meM hone vAlI kriyA vizeSa (kaSAya evaM kAya kA kRSIkaraNa karate hue AtmA ko kumaraNa se bacAnA tathA Acarita dharma kI rakSA karanA) hai. ataH sallekhanA jainadarzana kI eka anupama dena hai, jo pAralaukika evaM AdhyAtmika jIvana ko ujjavala banAtI hai. isa kriyA meM rAgAdi kaSAya se yukta hokara pravRtti na hone ke kAraNa sallekhanA dhArI ko Atmabadha kA bhI doSa nahIM lagatA. 1. DA0 rAjabalI pANDeya, hindU saMskAra pR0 303. 2. DA0 rAjavalI pANDeya, hindU saMskAra pR0 303 tathA kamalAkara bhaTTa, nirNayasiMdhu pR0 447. 3. DA0 rAjavalI prANDeya, hiMdU saMskAra, pRSTha 346. 4. saMnyased brahmacaryAdvA saMnyesacca gRhAdapi / banAdvA pravrajedvidvAnAturI vA tha duHkhitaH / utpanne saMkaTe ghore caura-cyAghrAdi gocre| bhayabhItasya saMnyAsamaM girA manurabravIt / yatkiMci dvAdhakaM karma kRmAjJAnato mayA / pramAdAlasyadoSAya tattaMsaMtyakta vAnaham / evaM saMtyajya bhUtevya dadyAda bhaya dakSiNAm / pandayAM karAbhyAM viharannAhaM vaakyaaymaansH| kariSye prANinAM hiMsA prANinaH santu nirbhayA:-kamalAkarabhaTTa, nirNayasiMdhu pR0 445. 5. vaidaki sAhitya meM yaha kriyA vizeSa bhRgupatana, agni praveza Adi ke rUpa meM svIkRta hai. (zizupAla vadha 4.23 kI TIkA kviMda jainasaMskRta meM ise loka mUDhatA kahA hai. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ zrIrameza upAdhyAya satyaM zivaM sundaram mAnavIya vicAroM kI eka paramparAgata apauruSeya zRMkhalA hotI hai. apauruSeya isa artha meM ki paramparA meM Ane para vicAra kisI eka vyakti kA nahIM raha jAtA. usameM aneka vyaktiyoM ke vicAroM kA sAra nihita rahatA hai. kabhI-kabhI ina paramparAgata vicAroM ko sUtroM meM bAMdha liyA jAtA hai. aise sUtra una vicAroM kA pratinidhitva to karate hI haiM, naye vicAroM kI preraNA bhI dete rahate haiM. 'satyaM zivaM sundaram' bhI eka aisA hI sUtra hai jisake pIche dArzanika vicAroM kI eka lambI zrRMkhalA hai aura jisameM naye-naye vicAroM kI kar3iyAM jur3ane kI aneka sambhAvanAeM haiM. sUtra ke prathama pada 'satya' ko pahacAnane, pAne aura svarUpa nirdhAraNa ke prayatna prAcInakAla se hote rahe haiM. bhAratIya dArzanikoM ne hI nahIM sukrAta, pleTo, arastu Adi vizva ke anya asaMkhya satyAnveSiyoM ne satya kI vyAkhyAeM kI haiM aura prayoga kiye haiM. nikaTa atIta meM gAMdhI kA udAharaNa satyArthI ke rUpa meM diyA jA sakatA hai. koI zabda jitanA adhika sArthaka hotA hai, utanI hI kaThina usakI vyAkhyA hotI hai. zabdoM kA lacIlApana aura unakI vyApakatA, do aise AyAma haiM jo vyAkhyA kA vizAla kSetra pradAna karate haiM. yahI kAraNa hai ki satya kI eka sImita paribhASA denA asambhava hai. yoM, koI paribhASA vaise bhI svayaM meM pUrNa nahIM hotI honI bhI nahIM cAhie kyoM ki aisA hone para cintana kI dizA avaruddha hone lagatI hai. kahane ko kaha sakate haiM ki satya eka sthiti hai, aisI sthiti jisake astitva ke viSaya meM koI saMdeha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA kintu vibhinna dRSTikoNoM se dekhane para usake vibhinna rUpAkAra dRSTigocara ho sakate haiM. yahI kAraNa hai ki pratyeka yuga meM satya-sambandhI mAnyatAe~ badalatI rahatI haiM. eka udAharaNa dvArA isa bAta ko spaSTa kara daM. prAcIna kAla meM 'brahma satyaM jaganmithyA' ke AdhAra para Izvara ke atirikta pratyeka vastu asatya yA mAyA samajhI jAtI thI aura nitAnta Adhunika vicAroM ke loga ThIka isake viparIta bAta kahate hue sune jAte haiM. koI vyakti nizcita rUpa se nahIM kaha sakatA ki yahI antima satya hai. satya ko eka sUkSma anubhUti ke rUpa meM hI jAnA jA sakatA hai usako kisI AkAra meM DhAlane para usakI satyatA meM saMdeha hone lagatA hai. maiM to kahU~gA ki yaha saMdeha hI hameM satya kI khoja ke liye prerita kiyA karatA hai. sAhitya meM satya eka sthAyI mUlya hai aura anivArya AvazyakatA hai. asatya pratIta hone vAlI kRtiyAM bhI satya para AdhArita hotI haiM. bhale hI unakI satyatA pariveza ke anusAra ubhara kara sAmane A sake. sAhityakAra jisa dRSTikoNa se cIjoM ko dekhatA hai aura ImAnadArI se unake prabhAva ko abhivyakti detA hai, vaha usakA apanA satya hai. vaha satya bahumata dvArA mAnya bhI ho sakatA hai aura amAnya bhI. bahumata dvArA amAnya sAhityika saccAiyoM ko parakhate samaya tAta Jain N Y Use o Dorary.org
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________________ rameza upAdhyAyaH satyaM zivaM sundaram : 367 0-0--0-0-0--0-0--0--0-0 kRtikAra kI satya ke prati usakI nijI pahu~ca (Approach) kI prakriyA ko dhyAna meM rakhanA atyaMta Avazyaka hai. anyathA kRti aura aura kRtikAra ke prati anyAya ho jAtA hai. parantu sAhityika kRti kA saca honA hI usakI pUrNatA nahIM hai. kevala yathArtha para dRSTi rakhane vAlA kRtikAra yA vicAraka satya kA sahI sarjaka nahIM ho sakatA. kAraNa, korA saca manuSya ko koI dizA de sakatA hai na Ananda. yahI kAraNa hai ki jahAM satya hai vahAM ziva aura sundara kA honA bhI anivArya hai. 'satyaM zivaM sundaram' ke tInoM zabda anyonyAzrita evaM eka sahaja saMgIta meM baMdhe haiM. jahAM satya hai, vahAM ziva aura saundarya kA honA anivArya hai. ziva arthAt kalyANakara hone ke liye satya aura sundara honA apekSita hI hai aura sundara to kucha ho hI nahIM sakatA jo satya aura ziva na ho. ina tInoM zabdoM ke kramAgata rUpa kA bhI eka nizcita uddezya hai. yaha krama tInoM kI kramAgata vaziSTatA evaM gurutA ko pradarzita karatA hai. tInoM kI zreSThatA meM bhI satya zreSThatama, ziva zreSThatara evaM sundara zreSTha hai parantu isakA tAtparya yaha kadApi nahIM hai ki tInoM meM kisI kI mahattA kama hai. tInoM kI kramAgata gurutA svIkAra na bhI kareM, kintu pArasparika sApekSatA se to iMkAra kiyA hI nahIM jA sakatA. mAnavatA ke AdhyAtmika, bhautika evaM kAlpanika jagat-rUpoM meM 'satyaM zivaM sundaram' kA kramika rUpa dekhA jAya taba bhI acche pariNAmoM para pahuMcA jA sakatA hai. satya to AdhyAtmika hai hI kyoMki darzana ke samasta prazna satyAsatya viveka kI jijJAsA liye hue hote haiM. 'ziva' ke antargata saMsAra ke liye jo kucha hitakara haiM, upAdeya hai, vaha saba A jAtA hai. hitakara aura upAdeya cAhe vastu ho yA kArya tathA vicAra. mAnavatA ke kalyANa ke liye jo hitakara evaM upAdeya hai, usake nirmANa, saMvarddhana evaM saMrakSaNa ke samasta prayatna 'ziva' se hI prerita hote haiM. aura 'sundaram' mAnava-kalpanA ke AnandadAyaka svarUpa kA saMketa hai. kisI vastu vizeSa kA apanA saundarya asaundarya kucha bhI nahIM hai. vastu ko sundara-asundara banAne vAlA hamArA mana hai, hamArI kalpanA hai. apane mAnasika sauMdarya ke kAraNa hI hama phUloM ko ha~satA dekha sakate haiM, ghaTAoM ko A~sU bahAte hue mahasUsa kara sakate haiM. jinake kAle raMga aura moTe hoThoM ko dekhakara hama nAka-bhauMha sikor3ane lagate haiM unameM bhI aphrIkA-nivAsI parama-saundarya kI kalpanA karate haiM. ata: 'sundaram' huA manuSya ke mAnasika jagat kA pratIka hai. bhautika jagat meM hameM sabhyatAoM ke vikAsa aura hrAsa milate haiM. apanI bhautikatA meM manuSya adhyAtma aura kalpanA donoM se AkrAMta rahatA hai. pragati ke liye saMketa milate haiM kalpanA se aura pragati kI dizA nirdhArita karane ke liye adhyAtma kA aMkuza kAma AtA hai. phira bhI jaba saMskRtiyAM galata mor3a le letI haiM aura darzana evaM kalpanA donoM vikRta hone lagate haiM, taba 'ziva' kI upAdeyatA ko mahattva dene vAlI pravRtti donoM meM yA donoM meM se eka meM krAMti le AtI hai. usa krAMti dvArA 'ziva' ko satya aura sundara banAne kI preraNA svataH hI prApta ho jAtI hai. jaba manuSya bhautikatA ko hI saba kucha mAna letA hai aura adhyAtma evaM kalpanA se pIchA chur3A lenA cAhatA hai to vaha avanati kI ora jAne lagatA hai. ataH use kahIM na kahIM AdhyAtmika darzana kI ora jhukanA hI par3atA hai. 'AtmajJaM hAryayed bhUtikAmaH' meM bhI yahI bhAvanA parilakSita hotI hai. AdarzavAda aura bhautikavAda ko dekhate samaya bhautikavAda hameM adhika AkarSita karatA hai. sAhityika racanAoM meM bhI hama dekhate haiM ki AdarzavAdI vicAra hameM utanA prabhAvita nahIM karate jitanA bhautika jagat ke nagna yathArtha ko citrita karane vAle vicAra karate haiM. vaise sAhityika kSetra meM nitAnta yathArtha athavA kore Adarza ko prastuta karane vAlI racanAoM ko khoja pAnA asambhava hI hai kyoMki bilkula yathArtha lagane vAlA vicAra bhI kahIM bahuta gaharepana meM Adarza se prabhAvita hotA hai aura Adarza kI to vivazatA hai ki use yathArtha ke pAMvoM para khar3A honA par3atA hai. vizva kI rAjanItika evaM sAmAjika vicAradhArAoM para dRSTipAta karane para lagatA hai ki 'satyaM zivaM sundaram' ko lekara na calane vAlI dhArAeM asamaya hI upekSA ke marusthala meM kho gayIM. jabataka unake pravartaka yA kucha dRr3he anuyAyI rahe taba taka ve apane vicAroM ko satya mAnakara sudRr3ha AsthA ke stambhoM para unakA bhAra Dhote rahe kintu satya, ziva aura sundara SCRET Anals Only TRAVdoray.org
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________________ 468: muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya ke sAmaMjasya se udbhuta vicAroM ke eka hI dhakke se unakI arddha satya mAnyatAoM ke prAsAda bhaharAkara gira par3e. sAmaMjasya ! hAM, satya ziva sundara kA sAmaMjasya anivArya hai. isake abhAva meM saMsAra meM sthita koI bhI astitva apUrNa hai. vastu, karma aura vicAra sabhI meM tInoM ke sAmaMjasya se zreSThatA AtI hai. sundaram kyA hai ? jhIla ke nIle jala meM taTa ke vRkSoM kI parachAiyAM paraspara TakarA kara TUTatI huI laharoM meM camakatI cAMdanI, ghATa para par3e hue pattharoM meM samaya kA saMgIta, dUra nIlAkAza se AtA huA koI ajJAta (AhvAna, bhayaMkara bhUDola meM bhI laya kI anubhUti, khulI dhUpa meM svatantratA aura aMdhakAra meM gulAmI kA ehasAsa - yaha saba kyA hai ? Apake ghara meM eka gulAba kA paudhA hai. usake phUla aura kaliyoM ko dekha-dekha kara Apa prasanna hote haiM. ekAnta ke udAsa kSaNoM meM ApakA dhyAna anAyAsa hI kumhalAI paMkhuriyoM para jA par3atA hai aura Apa usa gulAba ke paudhe se AtmIyatA anubhava karane lagate haiM. kAMTA cubhatA hai to jIvana ke liye zikSA grahaNa karate haiM lekina jaba Apa apane gamale meM sUkhate gulAba ke paudhe ko bacAne ke liye sahAnubhUti se prerita hokara kisI vanaspatizAstrI (Botanist) ke pAsa jAte haiM to ApakI sahAnubhUti usakI bAteM sunakara eka zuSka jJAna meM pariNata ho jAtI hai. ghara lauTa kara Apa dekhate haiM paudhA mara cukA hai. ukhAr3a kara pheMkate tanika bhI duHkha nahIM hotA. nayA paudhA lagA leMge. aisA kyoM hotA hai ? anusaMdhAna kA uddezya prakRti meM manuSya kA praveza hai. pRthvI ke Ara-pAra dekha sakanA, sitAroM ko chU lenA, pakSiyoM aura pazuoM kI boliyoM ko samajha lenA, samaya kI yati gati ko pahacAna lenA, kSaNa kA azruta saMgIta suna sakanA aura AkAza-pAtAla ko apanI sahAnubhUti meM sameTa kara eka sundara snehamaya saMsAra kI racanA, vijJAna kA uddezya hai. kintu Aja vijJAna usa patha ko bhUla gayA hai. satya aura ziva kA nirvAha to vaha jaise taise kara letA hai kintu saundarya ko aspRzya mAna kara chor3a detA hai. yahIM Akara vaha bhaTaka jAtA hai aura nIrasa kAraNa pariNAmoM ko sUcita karane vAlI tAlikA mAtra bana jAtA hai. yahI kAraNa hai ki saundarya ke abhAva meM sahAnubhUti zUnya hokara vaha vizvasaMka hone lagatA hai. saundarya to eka cetanA hai jo svayaM udbhuta hotI hai. manuSya meM, usake rUpa aura AkRti meM, aura usakI zakti ke prayogoM meM hama apane vyaktigata dRSTikoNa dvArA kahIM na kahIM eka aisI jhalaka pA lete haiM jo hameM abhibhUta kara jAtI hai. yaha cetanA na pustakoM se milatI hai na zikSakoM se isa cetanA ke abhAva meM manuSya jIvana kA Ananda kho detA hai. Aja samAja meM vyakti kA mUlyAMkana kaise hotA hai ? acchA pati yA acchI patnI, AjJAkArI putra yA suzIlA putrI, acchA nAgarika, dhanavAn vyakti vA sammAnita mahilA parantu yaha mUlyAMkana sahI nahIM hai. yaha to UparI vezabhUSA kA mUlyAMkana hai, manuSya kA nahIM. manuSya kA mUlyAMkana karane ke liye usakA AMtarika saundarya dekhanA par3atA hai, usakI AtmA jAnA par3atA hai, svayaM apane hRdaya meM sauMdarya se sahAnubhUti kI bhAvanA jAgRta karanI hotI hai. saudarya se sahAnubhUti rakhane vAlA mana saMvedanazIla aura bhAvuka hotA hai. saundarya ke kisI bhI rUpa ko dekhakara usakI hRttaMtrI para spaSTakampana hote haiM. kampana, jar3atA, ullAsa, harSAtireka, adhIratA, saMvedanA Adi kA utsa saundarya hI hai. ataH satya aura ziva saundarya ke binA phIke haiM. saundarya hameM astittva ke udgama kA cintana karane ke liye prerita karatA hai. prakRti ke gopana kA udghoSa sundaram ke dvArA hotA hai. saundarya ko pAkara jIvana kA asaMtoSa miTatA hai. vizrAMti kA anubhava hotA hai kintu yaha santoSa aura vizrAnti, jIvana ko niSkriya nahIM banAte, Age bar3hane kA ullAsa aura preraNA pradAna karate haiM. prema kA udbhava bhI saundarya se hI hotA hai. rAlpha valDo emarsana ne likhA haiM : In the true mythology love is an immortal child and beauty leads him as guide nor can Jain Education Internatio For Private & Personal Use
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________________ rameza upAdhyAya : satyaM zivaM sundaram : 466 we express a deeper sense than when we say, Beauty is the pilot of the young Soul. (saccI paurANikatA meM prema eka amara zizu hai aura saundarya usakA patha-pradarzaka hai. jaba hama kahate haiM ki saundarya zizu AtmA kA cAlaka hai, to isase adhika gahana artha ko abhivyakta nahIM kara sakate.) prema mAnava mAtra kI sImAoM se pare sampUrNa vizva para chAyA huA hai. ekatA evaM sahakAra kI bhAvanAeM prema se utpanna hotI haiM aura prema-pAza phaikane vAle adRzya hAtha saundarya ke hote haiM. hameM bhaddI aura kurUpa vastuoM se bhI sneha kyoM ho jAtA hai kyoMki hama usa vastu kI satahI AkRti ke nIce usake aMtarAla meM jhAMkate haiM, jahAM saundarya kI vipula sRSTi hamArA AvAhana karatI hai. sokreTIja yA kauTilya kI kurUpatA unake Atma saundarya ko DhaMka nahIM sakI. gAMdhI satya ke pujArI aura mAnavatA ke hitakArI hokara bhI rAma kI manohara mUrti ke upAsaka the kyoMki rAma saundarya ke pratIka bhI the--apanI sampUrNa maryAdAoM ke sAtha. kauTilya ko yuddha kI vIbhatsatA meM raNa-devI ke tejasvI aura sundara svarUpa ke darzana hote the kyoMki unake antara meM saundarya kI vyApaka cetanA thI. jo loga kauTivya ko nIrasa-rAjanItijJa aura arthazAstrI mAnate hai ve 'mudrA rAkSasa' meM unake hRdaya kI saundarya priyatA ke darzana karake apanI bhUla sudhAra sakate haiM. 'satyaM zivaM sundaram' ke vistRta vivecana meM aneka graMtha likhe jA sakate haiM-likhe bhI jA cuke haiM. AvazyakatA hai inheM apane jIvana meM samanvita rUpa se utAra lene kI. mana, vacana, karma se inheM apane AcaraNa meM utAra kara mAnavatA kI sevA ke prayatnoM kI sudIrgha paramparA meM ujjvala kar3iyAM jor3ate calanA manuSya kA lakSya bhI hai, aura kartavya bhI.
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________________ zrIzikharacandra kocara bI0e0 esa0 ela0bI0, cAra0eca0je0esa0, sAhitya ziromaNi sAhityAcArya manuSya jAti kA sarvottama AhAra : zAkAhAra manuSya prakRti se hI zAkAhArI prANI hai. usake zarIra kI racanA dugdhadevI prANiyoM kI zarIra racanA se milatI julatI hai, rASTrapitA mahAtmA gAMdhI ne likhA hai : 'zarIra kI racanA ko dekhane se jAna par3atA hai ki kudarata ne manuSya ko vanaspati khAne vAlA banAyA hai. dUsare prANiyoM ke sAtha apanI tulanA karane se jAna par3atA hai ki hamArI racanA phalAhArI prANiyoM se bahuta adhika milatI hai, arthAt bandaroM se bahuta jyAdA milatI hai. bandara hare aura sUkhe phala-phUla khAte haiM. phAr3a khAne vAle zera, cIte Adi jAnavaroM ke dAMta aura dAr3hoM kI banAvaTa hamase aura hI prakAra hI hotI hai. unake paMje ke sadRza hamAre paMje nahIM haiM. sAdhAraNa pazu mAMsAhArI nahIM haiM, jaise gAya baila. hama inase kucha-kucha milate haiM, parantu ghAsa Adi khAne ke liye Are jaisI AMteM unakI haiM, hamArI nahIM hai. ina bAtoM se bahuta se zodhaka aisA kahate haiM ki manuSya mAMsAhArI nahIM hai. rasAyana zAstriyoM ne prayoga karake batalAyA hai ki manuSya ke nirvAha ke liye jina tattvoM kI AvazyakatA hai, ve saba phaloM meM mila jAte haiM. kele, nAraMgI, khajUra, aMjIra, seva, anannAsa, bAdAma, akharoTa, mUMgaphalI, nAriyala Adi meM tandurustI ko kAyama rakhane vAle sAre tattva haiM. ina zodhakoM kA mata hai ki manuSya ko rasoI pakAne kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai. jaise aura prANI sUrya-tApa se pakI huI vastu para tandurustI kAyama rakhate haiM vaise hI hamAre liye bhI honA cAhie.' manuSya anAdi kAla se zaizavAvasthA meM mAtR-dugdha, aura usake abhAva meM godugdha-dvArA saMsAra ke prAyaH sabhI manuSya jAti anAdi kAla se hI zAkAhArI calI A rahI hai. gaI hai. jaina dharma kA to ahiMsA- siddhAnta prANa hI hai. anyAnya hai. zrImadbhagavadgItA meM kahA gayA hai poSita hotA rahA hai. isI prakAra dharmoM meM ahiMsA ko pradhAnatA dI dharmoM meM bhI isa siddhAnta para atyadhika bala diyA gayA Atmopamyena sarvatra samaM pazyati yo'rjuna / sukhaM vA yadi vA duHkhaM sayogI paramo mataH / - a0 6, zloka0 32. arthAt, jo sabhI jIvoM ko apane samAna samajhatA, aura unake sukha evaM duHkha ko apane sukha-duHkha ke samAna samajhatA hai, vahI parama-yogI hai. yathA : samaM pazyan hi sarvatra, samavasthitamIzvaram / na hinasyAtmanAtmAnaM, tatoyAti parAM gatim / - a0 13 zlo0 28. arthAt, jJAnI puruSa Izvara ko sarvatra vyApaka jAnakara hiMsA nahIM karatA, kyoMki vaha jAnatA hai ki kisI prANI kI hiMsA karanA Atma hatyA karane ke samAna hai. isa prakAra se vaha sarvoccagati ko prApta hotA hai. mahAtmA buddha ne bhI kahA hai : pANe ne hame na ghAtayeva na cAnumanyA data paresaM sabvesu bhUte nighAya daMDa, ye thAvarA ye ca tasaMti loke / - suttanipAta- dhammika sutta. isakA bhAvArtha yaha hai ki trasa athavA sthAvara jIvoM ko mAranA yA maravAnA nahIM cAhie, aura na hI trasa yA sthAvara jIvoM ko mArane vAle kA anumodana hI karanA cAhie. www.jatirteltdrary.org
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________________ tathA : zikharacandra kocara : manuSya jAti kA sarvottama AhAra zAkAhAra 471 "aparimitaihAmate kAraNaimarsa sarvabhayam sarvabhUtAtmabhUtAnuyAgantumenakA sarva jantu prANibhUtasaMbhUtaMbhUnamAMsaM kathAmiva bhacyaM // " - laMkAvatAra sUtra 80. arthAt saba prakAra kA mAMsa dayAvAn ke lie agaNita kAraNoM se abhakSya hai. jo sarva prANiyoM ko apane samAna jAnane vAlA hai, vaha ina saba prANiyoM ke vadha se utpanna hue mAMsa ko kaise bhakSya samajhegA. mahAtmA IsA masIha ne bhI kahA hai ki "dekho maiMne tumheM haraeka bIja tathA upajAU vanaspati dI hai, jo pRthvI para paidA hotI hai, aura haraeka vRkSa bhI diyA hai jisa vRkSa meM upajAU bIja ke phala lage haiM, ye saba tumhAre lie bhojana sAmagrI haiM... tuma na to carbI aura na khUna khAoge" -leviTiksa 3,5,27. mahAtmA jarathusTa ne bhI kahA hai ki "pratyeka vyakti ko pratyeka prANI kA mitra honA cAhie duSTa vyakti jo anucita rUpa meM pazuoM aura bher3oM tathA anya caupAyoM kI ghora hatyA karatA hai, usake avayava naSTa kiye jAyeMge. -Ardavirapha 174- 162. paigambara muhammada sAhaba ne kahA hai ki : "hamane svarga se meMha barasAyA jisase bAga paidA hue aura anAja kI phasala ugI, aura khajUroM se lade hue lambe vRkSa utpanna hue, jo manuSya ke liye bhojana hoMge. -- kurAnasUrAkA 6,11. jo dUsare ke prANoM kI rakSA karatA hai, vaha goyA tamAma mAnava jAti ke prANoM kI rakSA karatA hai." - kurAna, 5. sikha dharma ke pradarzaka, guru nAnaka ne kahA hai : - "mAMsa mAMsa saba eka hai, murgI hiranI gAya / zrAMkha dekha nara khAta hai, te nara nara kahiM jAya // " mahAtmA kabIra ne kahA hai : "mAMsa machaliyAM khAta haiM, surApAna ke heva se nara narakahi jAyaMge mAtA-pitA sameta // 1 , tilacara machalI khAyake, koTi gaU de dAna / kAzI karavata le mare, to bhI naraka nidAna // " 7 zAkAhAra kA pracAra evaM prasAra saMsAra ke sabhI dezoM evaM samasta kAloM meM rahA hai. grIsa deza ke prasiddha dArzanika vidvAnoM pithAgorasa, impIDoklisa, pleTo, sokreTija, oviDa, senekA, pophirI plUTArka Adi ne tathA rijena TayUliyana, trisosToma tathA alekjeMDriyA ke klImeMTa jaise IsAI dharma gurujoM ne bhI zAkAhAra kA pratipAdana kiyA hai. bhAratavarSa ke mahAn samrAT azoka ne apane vizAla sAmrAjya meM sthAna-sthAna para isa Azaya ke zilA lekha utkIrNa karavAye the, ki koI vyakti kisI prANI kI hatyA na kare. mahAn mugala samrAT akabara ne bhI Adeza diyA thA ki usake sAmrAjya meM vizeSa parvoM ke avasaroM para kisI prakAra kA prANI-vadha na kiyA jAya. saMsAra ke prasiddha vidvAn svIDana borga, TAlsaTAya, vAlTeyara, milTana, vesle, Aijaka nyUTana, bUtha, Aijaka piTamaina, barnaDazA ityAdi zAkAhArI the, aura unhoMne apanI racanAoM meM zAkAhAra kA pUrNa rUpeNa pratipAdana kiyA hai. maiM vistArabhaya se unake vicAroM ko isa lekha meM uddhRta karane meMdAsamartha hUM. mAMsAhAra ke pakSa meM kucha loga yaha yukti dete haiM ki mAMsAhAra se zakti bar3hatI hai parantu yaha yukti nissAra hai, kyoMki hama dekhate haiM ki zAkAhArI hAthI kisI mAMsAhArI prANI se kama-zaktizAlI nahIM hotA. saMsAra ke aneka DAkTaroM tathA vaijJAnikoM ne isa bAta para mataikya prakaTa kiyA hai ki phaloM tathA zAkabhAjI evaM go-dugdha meM mAMsa kI apekSA adhika poSaka tattva vidyamAna rahate haiM, jinake sevana se manuSya kI zakti, sphUrti tathA buddhi kI abhivRddhi hotI hai, aura mAMsa sevana se jo nAnA prakAra kI hAniyAM hotI haiM, unakA zAkAhAra meM sarvathA prabhAva pAyA jAtA hai. zAkAhArI manuSya meM mAMsAhArI manuSya kI apekSA udAratA sahanazIlatA, dhairya, parizrama-zIlatA ityAdi guNoM kA adhika samAveza dRSTi gocara hotA hai. prAcIna samaya meM bhAratavarSa kI sarvAMgINa unnati kA pradhAna kAraNa bhAratIya janatA kA ahiMsA dharma kA pUrNa rUpa se pAlana hI thA. saMsAra meM zAMti evaM samRddhi kA sarvotkRSTa sAdhana ahisA hI hai, aura yadi hameM rASTroM ke madhya prema zAnti evaM sauhArda kI sthApanA karanI abhISTha hai, to hameM saMsAra ke sabhI dharma-pravartakoM dvArA samarthita ahiMsA evaM zAkAhAra ko apanAnA hI par3egA.
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________________ 2 DA. satyakAma varmA vargoM kA vibhAjana' Aja ke bhASA-viSayaka adhyayana kI jo mahattvapUrNa dene mAnI jAtI haiM, unameM se varNabhAgoM yA allAphonsa kI svIkRti bhI eka hai. varNa ko Adhunika paribhASA meM 'phonIma' kahA jAtA hai. jaba koI dhvani varNa kI pUrNasthiti taka na jAkara bIca meM hI raha jAtI hai, use 'allAphonsa' ke nAma se smaraNa kiyA jAtA hai. Aja jise vartamAna bhASA-vijJAna kI apUrva dena samajhA jAtA hai. yahA~ hama yaha dikhAne kA prayAsa kareMge, ki usakA adhyayana kitanI gaharAI ke sAtha prAcIna bhAratIya vaiyAkaraNoM ne kiyA thA. kucha avadheya paribhASAeM- isa viSaya meM sabase prathama sahAyaka paribhASA hameM yAska ke nirUkta meM milatI hai. dhAtubhinna kisI 'padabhAga' kI kevala varNasAmya ke AdhAra para usane kalpanA kI hai : 'padebhyo padAntarArdhAn saMcaskAra' (nirukta). padAntara yA padAntarArdha saMjJA bhASA, vaijJAnika mahattva kI hai. isI samaya ke prAtizAkhyoM meM eka naI paribhASA 'apinihiti' ke rUpa meM sAmane AI. 'AtmA' 'idhya' Adi zabdoM meM jahAM bhI saMdhi-niyamoM ke viruddha-kArya hotA dikhAI diyA (aura bAda meM apabhraMza Adi meM unakA sthAnAntaraNa kisI aura varNa dvArA huA), vahAM hI unhoMne 'apinihiti' ke rUpa meM eka aspaSToccarita dhvani kI antarvattinI sattA ko svIkAra kara liyA. yaha pANini ke 'vaoNyaD' yA 'jITo' se bhinna sthiti hai. pANini ne aisI apUrNa sthiti kuk, Tuk, GamuT, dhuTa Adi AgamoM kI svIkAra kI hai, jinake dvArA Agata dhvaniyA~ sunAI na dekara bhI apanA prabhAva chor3atI dikhAI detI haiM.2 parantu pANini isa viSaya meM do paribhASAe~ aisI dete haiM, jina para vicAra atyAvazyaka ho jAtA hai. ye haiM- hrasvAdeza aura savarNa. 'hrasvAdeza' se hameM kevala yahI patA calatA hai ki varNa apanI sthiti aura mAtrA Adi badala sakate haiM. kintu 'savarNa' kI paribhASA hameM kucha aura hI saMketa karatI hai. Asya aura prayatna kI samAnatA ke AdhAra para savarNa (tulyAsyaprayatna savarNam ) siddha karane ke bAda, jaba ve pratyeka vyaMjanavarga ko savarNa (aNuditsavarNasya cApratyayaH) kahate haiM, taba samasyA yaha uThatI hai ki kyA k-kha-ga-gha-G Adi meM bhI kucha vaisI hI samAnatA hai, jaisI a-A-aM Adi meM pAI jAtI hai ? pANini isakA uttara 'hA~' meM hI dete haiM. to, kyA yaha samAnatA kevala mukhagata uccAraNasAmya ke kAraNa hI hai ? savarNa kA artha hai samAna varNa. arthAt ina tathAkathita savarNoM meM varNAtmaka yA dhvanyAtmaka sAmya bhI mUlata: nihita hotA hai. tathAkathita varga ke pAMcoM vargoM meM 'k' kI-sI dhvani kA kucha aMza avazya upasthita rahatA hai. phira yadi 'kaNThaya' hone ke kAraNa bhI unakI dhvanyAtmaka samAnatA svIkAra kI jAe, taba bhI unameM 'dhvani-taraMgoM' kI kucha aMza taka samAnatA svIkAra karanI par3egI, una saba kI dhvani-taraMgeM eka hI sthAna se jo uThatI haiM ! parantu, savarNoM aura 'hasvAdezo' kI isa samasyA ko adhika spaSTa karane kA zreya pataMjali ko hI milatA hai. unhoMne hI hameM sarvaprathama 'varNakadeza' aura 'uttarapadabhUyas' jaisI vaijJAnika paribhASAe~ dI. hrasvAdeza hoM, sandhiniyama hoM, sandhyakSaroM 1. 26 veM antarrASTrIya prAcyavidyA-sammelana meM -lekhaka dvArA par3he gae eka lekha ke AdhAra para. 2. isakI vizeSa carcA dekheM lekhaka ke lekha-varNabhAga meM, 'bhAratIya sAhitya', janavarI-1961 I0. Jain Elidation internate Useru meimeterary.org
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________________ satyakAma varmA : vargoM kA vibhAjana : 473 -0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0--0-0 athavA samprasAraNoM kI samasyA ho--pataMjali una saba kI vyAkhyA 'varNakadeza' kI paribhASA ke dvArA karate haiM. varNa meM 'ekadeza' kI svIkRti Aja ke 'allAphonsa' kI bAta ko adhika spaSTa karatI hai, 'uttarapadabhUyas' se bhI itanA hI patA calatA hai ki guNasvaroM yA vRddhisvaroM meM spaSmRta: 'uttarapada' aura 'pUrvapada' jaisI sthiti khojI jA sakatI hai. bhartRhari kI camatkArI dena-kintu, bhartRhari ne apane mahAn grantha 'vAkyapadIya' meM isa samasyA ko atyadhika vaijJAnika AdhAra para liyA hai. unhoMne vahA~ jo camatkArapUrNa paribhASAe~ dI haiM, ve haiM- 'varNabhAga' aura 'varNAntara sarUpa'. unakI ina paribhASAoM ko kevala kAlpanika kahakara TAlA nahIM jA sakatA. inake pratirUpa hI ve pada-sambandhI samAnAntara paribhASAe~ bhI dete haiM. ye haiM--'padabhAga' aura 'padAntarasarUpa'. varNAntarasarUpAzca varNabhAgA avasthitAH / padAntarasarUpAzca varNabhAgA avasthitAH ||-vaa0 2.11. 'varNabhAga' kI bAta ko to ve kAphI vistAra se uThAte haiM. eka sthAna para ve spaSTa kahate haiM : padAni vAkye tAnyeva, varNAste ca pade yadi / varNeSu varNabhAgAnAM bhedaH syAt paramANuvat ||-vaa0 2. 28. bhAgAnAmanupazleSAnnavarNoM na padaM bhavet / teSAmavyapadezyatvAtkimanyadapadizyatAm ||-vaa. 2. 26. 'varNa' banane ke liye spaSTa hI varNabhAgoM ke upazleSa kI AvazyakatA hai. unake upazeleSa ke vinA varNa kI sthiti hI sambhava nahIM. isa dhAraNA kA virodha karane vAle kadAcit bhartRhari ke nimna zloka ko uddhRta kareMge : 'pade na varNA vidyante varNeSvavayavA na ca / vAkyAtpadAnAmatyantaM praviveko na kazcana ||-vaa0 1. 73. yahAM varNAvayavoM kI sattA kA pratyakSa niSedha-sA dikhAI detA hai. parantu yahI niSedha 'pado' para lAgU hotA hai. arthAt bhartRhari spaSTa ghoSita karate haiM ki jisa prakAra kI sthiti vAkya meM padoM kI hai, usI prakAra kI sthiti pado meM vargoM kI, aura vargoM meM varNabhAgoM yA varNAvayavoM kI hai. vastutaH ve uparokta sabhI prasaMgoM meM artha aura vAkyArtha kI akhaNDatA kI carcA kara rahe haiM unakA kathana yaha hai ki yadi vAkya kA vibhAga padoM meM sambhava hai, to padoM ko vargoM meM vibhakta mAnanA hogA aura varNoM ko una varNabhAgoM se banA mAnanA hogA, jo paramANuvat ananta aura sUkSma haiM. unakA vAkyArtha avibhAjya hai. ataH ve padArthoM kI pRthak sattA meM vizvAsa nahIM rakhate. parantu, isakA artha yaha nahIM ki 'suptir3antaM padam' kI pANani kI paribhASA vyartha ho jAtI hai aura padoM kI sattA hI vAkya meM siddha nahIM hotI. yadi padoM kI sthiti vAkya meM hone para bhI usakI ekatA aura ekArthatA rakSita raha sakatI hai, taba varNabhAgoM kI sthiti rahane para bhI varNa kI ekatA kAyama raha sakatI hai.' aura yadi AvazyakatA A par3e to : vAkyArthasya tadeko'pi varNaH pratyAyaMkaH kvacit / vA0 2. 45. donoM meM bheda-varNAntarasarUpa' aura 'varNabhAga' saMjJAoM ko hamane pRthak mAnA hai. bhartRhari ne bhI inakA pRthak ullekha kiyA. 'varNabhAga' ko vartamAna 'allAphonsa' kA samakakSa svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai, jaba ki 'varNAntarasarUpa' kI usase kucha sthUla sthiti hai. isameM kucha varNabhAga milakara 'savarNabhAga' kI-sI sthiti meM Ate haiM. isa 'varNAntarasarUpakatA' ke AdhAra para hI savarNoM kA AvirbhAva sambhava mAnA jAtA hai, jaba ki varNabhAga kisI bhI varNa kI zUkSmatama vibhAjya sthiti ko hI sUcita karatA hai. yahIM bhartRhari yaha bhI spaSTa karate haiM ki inheM spaSmRtaH pahacAnA nahIM jA sakatA'praviveko na kazcana'. bhASA vijJAna-Aja ke bhASA-vijJAnI bhI isa sthiti ko svIkAra karane lage haiM. vividha yantroM ke sahAre unhoMne dhvanitaraMgoM aura dhvanibhAgoM ko nizcita karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai, para isa viSaya meM kucha nizcita vibhAjaka rekhAe~ nahIM khIMca sake haiM. 'allAphonsa' viSayaka unakI dena kI carcA ho cukI hai. pro. josuTAvhATamAU, poTara sAimana aura dUsare kucha amarIkI bhASAvidoM ne 'sAuNDa-veva' arthAt 'dhvani-taraMgoM' ko bhI pahacAnane kA prayAsa kiyA hai. para adhika acchA ho ki ve ina paribhASAoM ko vicAra meM rakhakara bar3heM. 1. vistRta carcA ke liye dekheM lekhaka ke zodha-prabaMdha-bhASAtatva aura vAkyapadIya' ke pR0 17, tathA anuccheda 24 (a) evaM 710.
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________________ paNDita zrIbaMzIdhara zAstrI vyAkaraNAcArya jainadRSTi se manuSyoM meM ucca-nIca vyavasthA kA AdhAra jaina saMskRti meM samasta saMsArI arthAt nAraka, tiryak, manuSya aura deva-ina cAroM hI gatiyoM meM vidyamAna sabhI jIvoM ko yathAyogya ucca aura nIca do bhAgoM meM vibhakta karate hue yaha batalAyA gayA hai ki jo jIva ucca hote haiM unake uccagotra karma kA aura jo jIva nIca hote haiM unake nIcagotra karma kA udaya vidyamAna rahA karatA hai. yadyapi jaina saMskRti ke mAnane vAloM ke liye yaha vyavasthA vivAda yA zaMkA kA viSaya nahIM honA cAhie parantu samasyA yaha hai ki pratyeka saMsArI jIva meM uccatA athavA nIcatA kI vyavasthA karane vAle sAdhanoM kA jaba taka hameM parijJAna nahIM ho jAtA, taba taka yaha kaise kahA jA sakatA hai ki amuka jIva to ucca hai aura amuka jIva nIca hai ? yadi koI kahe ki eka jIva ko ucca gotra karma ke udaya ke AdhAra para ucca aura dUsare jIva ko nIca gotra karma ke udaya ke AdhAra para nIca kahane meM kyA Apatti hai ? to isa para hamArA kahanA yaha hai ki apanI vartamAna alpajJatA kI hAlata meM hama logoM ke liye jIvoM meM yathAyogya rUpa se vidyamAna uccagotra-karma aura nIcagotra-karma ke udaya kA parijJAna na ho sakane ke kAraNa eka jIva ko uccagotra-karma ke udaya ke AdhAra para ucca aura dUsare jIva ko nIcagotra karma ke udaya ke AdhAra para nIca kahanA zakya nahIM hai. mAnA ki jaina saMskRti ke Agama-graMthoM ke kathanAnusAra narakagati aura tiryagati meM rahane vAle saMpUrNa jIvoM meM kevala nIca gotra karma kA tathA devagati meM rahane vAle sampUrNa jIvoM meM kevala uccagotra karma kA hI sarvadA udaya vidyamAna rahA karatA hai. isalie yadyapi saMpUrNa nArakiyoM aura saMpUrNa tiryaMcoM meM nIca gotra karma ke udaya ke AdhAra para kevala nIcatA kA tathA saMpUrNa devoM meM ucca gotra karma ke udaya ke AdhAra para kevala uccatA kA vyavahAra karanA hama logoM ke liye azakya nahIM hai parantu unhIM jaina Agama graMthoM meM jaba saMpUrNa manuSyoM meM se kinhIM manuSyoM ke to ucca gotra karma kA aura kinhIM manuSyoM ke nIca gotra karma kA udaya honA batalAyA hai to jaba taka saMpUrNa manuSyoM meM pRthak-pRthak yathAyogya rUpa se vidyamAna ukta ucca tathA nIca donoM hI prakAra ke gotra karmoM ke udaya kA parijJAna nahIM ho jAtA taba taka hama yaha kaise kaha sakate haiM ki amuka manuSyoM meM cU~ki uccagotra-karma kA udaya vidyamAna hai isalie unheM to ucca kahanA cAhie aura amuka manuSya meM ki nIcagotra-karma kA udaya vidyamAna hai isalie use nIca kahanA cAhie ? isake atirikta manuSyoM meM jaba gotra-parivartana kI bAta bhI unhIM Agama-graMthoM meM svIkAra kI gayI hai to jaba taka unameM (manuSyoM meM) yathA samaya rahane vAle uccagotra-karma tathA nIcagotra-karma ke udaya kA parijJAna hameM nahIM ho jAtA, taba taka yaha bhI eka samasyA hai ki eka hI manuSya ko kaba to hameM uccagotra-karma ke udaya ke AdhAra para ucca kahanA cAhie aura usI manuSya ko kaba hameM nIcagotra-karma ke udaya ke AdhAra para nIca kahanA cAhie ? eka bAta aura hai. jaina saMskRti kI Jain Education Intematonai ainelibrary.org
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________________ baMzIdhara : jainadRSTi se manuSyoM meM ucca-nIca vyavasthA kA prAdhAra : 475 -0-0-0--0--0--0-0--0--0-0 mAnyatA ke anusAra sAtoM narakoM ke saMpUrNa nArakiyoM meM paraspara tathA ekendriya se lekara paMcendriya taka kI saMpUrNa tiryagjAtiyoM aura inakI upajAtiyoM meM rahane vAle saMpUrNa tiryaMcoM meM paraspara uccatA aura nIcatA kA kucha na kucha bheda pAyA jAne para bhI yadi sabhI nArakI, narakagati sAmAnya kI apekSA aura sabhI tiryaMca, tiryaggati sAmAnya kI apekSA nIca gotra-karma ke udaya ke AdhAra para nIca mAne jA sakate haiM to, aura isI prakAra bhavanavAsI vyantara, jyotiSka aura vaimAnika nAma kI saMpUrNa deva jAtiyoM aura inakI upajAtiyoM meM rahane vAle sampUrNa devoM meM paraspara uccatA aura nIcatA kA kucha na kucha bheda pAyA jAne para bhI yadi sabhI deva devagati sAmAnya kI apekSA, uccagotra karma ke udaya ke AdhAra para ucca mAne jA sakate haiM to, phira manuSyagati meM rahane vAle saMpUrNa manuSyoM meM bhI manuSya-gati sambandhI vividha prakAra kI samAnatA rahate hue anya jJAta sAdhanoM ke abhAva meM kevala ajJAta uccagotra-karma aura nIcagotra-karma ke udaya ke AdhAra para pRthak-pRthak kramazaH uccatA aura nIcatA kA vyavahAra kaise kiyA jA sakatA hai ? ye saba samasyAe~ haiM jinakA jaba taka yathocita samAdhAna prApta nahIM ho jAtA, taba taka jaina saMskRti ke anuyAyI hone para bhI hama logoM ke mastiSka meM manuSyoM ko lekara uccatA aura nIcatA saMbandhI saMdeha paidA hote rahanA svAbhAvika hI hai. SaTkhaNDAgama ke sUtra 135 kA prAcArya zrIvIrasena svAmI dvArA kiyA gayA jo vyAkhyAna dhavalAzAstra kI pustaka 13 ke pRSTha 388 para pAyA jAtA hai, use dekhane se mAlUma par3atA hai ki manuSyoM kI uccatA aura nIcatA ke viSaya meM AcArya zrIvIrasena svAmI ke samaya meM bhI vivAda thA. itanA hI nahIM, AcArya zrIvIrasena svAmI ke usa vyAkhyAna se to yahAM taka bhI mAlUma par3atA hai ki unake samaya ke koI-koI vicAraka vidvAn manuSyagati meM mAne gaye ucca aura nIca ubhayagotra karmoM ke udaya ke sambandha meM nirNayAtmaka samAdhAna na mila sakane ke kAraNa ucca aura nIca donoM bhedaviziSTa va samUce gotra-karma ke abhAva taka ko mAnane ke liye udyata ho rahe the. AcArya zrIvIrasena svAmI kA vaha vyAkhyAna nimna prakAra hai : "uccargotrasya kva vyApAraH ? na tAvad rAjyAdilakSaNAyAM sampadi, tasyAH sadvedyata: samutpatteH. nApi paMcamahAvratagrahaNayogyatA uccairgotreNa kriyate, deveSvabhavyeSu ca tadgrahaNaM pratyayogyeSu uccargotrasyodayAbhAvaprasaMgAt. na samyagjJAnotpattI vyApAraH syAt, tatra samyagjJAnasya sattvAt. nAdeyatve, yazasi, saubhAgye vA vyApAraH, teSAM nAmataH samutpatte:. nekSvAkukulAdyutpattI, kAlpanikAnAM teSAM paramArthato'sattvAt. viDbrAhmaNasAdhuSvapi uccairgotrasyodayadarzanAt. na sampannebhyo jIvotpattau tadvyApAraH, mleccharAjasamutpannapRthukasyApi uccairgotrodayaprasaMgAt. nANuvratibhyaH samutpattau tadvyApAraH, deveSvaupapAdikeSu uccairgotrodayasyAsatvaprasaMgAt. nAbheyasya nIcagotratApattezca. tato niSphalamuccairgotram. tata eva na tasya karmatvamapi. tadabhAve na nIcairgotramapi, dvayoranyonyAvinAbhAvitvAt. tato gotrakarmAbhAva iti." isa vyAkhyAna meM prathama hI yaha prazna uThAyA gayA hai ki jIvoM meM uccagotra-karma kA kyA kArya hotA hai ? isake Age uccagotra karma ke kArya para prakAza DAlane vAlI tatkAlIna pracalita mAnyatAoM kA nirdeza karate hue unakA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai aura isa taraha ukta prazna kA ucita samAdhAna na mila sakane ke kAraNa aMta meM niSkarSa ke rUpa meM gotrakarma ke abhAva ko prasthApita kiyA gayA hai. vyAkhyAna kA hindI vivaraNa nimna prakAra hai : "zaMkA- jIvoM meM uccagotra-karma kA kisa rUpa meM vyApAra huA karatA hai ? arthAt jIvoM meM uccagotra-karma kA kArya kyA hai ? 1. samAdhAna....jIvoM meM uccagotra karma kA kArya unako rAjyAdi sampatti kI prApti honA hai. khaNDana - yaha samAdhAna galata hai kyoMki jIvoM ko rAjyAdi saMpatti kI prApti uccagotra karma ke udaya se na hokara sAtAvedanIya karma ke udaya se hI huA karatI hai. 2. samAdhAna-jIvoM meM paMca mahAvratoM ke grahaNa karane kI yogyatA kA prAdurbhAva honA hI uccagotra-karma kA kArya hai. Aviahelibrary.org
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________________ 476 : muni zrIhanArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya khaNDana- yadi jIvoM meM uccagotra-karma ke udaya se paMcamahAvratoM ke grahaNa karane kI yogyatA kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai to aisI hAlata meM devoM meM aura abhavya jIvoM meM uccagotra-karma ke udaya kA abhAva svIkAra karanA hogA, jabaki una donoM prakAra ke jIvoM meM, jaina saMskRti kI mAnyatA ke anusAra, uccagotra-karma ke udaya kA to sadbhAva aura paMcamahAvratoM ke grahaNa karane kI yogyatA kA abhAva donoM hI eka sAtha pAye jAte haiM. 3. samAdhAna-jIvoM meM samyagjJAna kI utpatti uccagotra karma ke udaya se huA karatI hai. 4. khaNDana--yaha samAdhAna bhI sahI nahIM hai kyoMki jaina saMskRti kI mAnyatA ke anusAra jIvoM meM samyagjJAna kI utpatti uccagotra karma kA kArya na hokara jJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama kI sahAyatA se sApekSa samyagdarzana kA hI kArya hai. dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki jIvoM meM samyagjJAna kI utpatti ko yadi uccagotra karma kA kArya mAnA jAyagA to phira tiryaMcoM aura nArakiyoM meM bhI uccagotra karma ke udaya kA sadbhAva mAnane ke liye hameM bAdhya honA par3egA jo ki ayukta hogA, kyoMki jaina zAstroM kI mAnyatA ke anusAra jina tiyaMcoM aura jina nArakiyoM meM samyagjJAna kA sadbhAva pAyA jAtA hai unameM uccagotra karma ke udaya kA abhAva hI rahA karatA hai. 4. samAdhAna-jIvoM meM AdeyatA yaza aura subhagatA kA prAdurbhAva honA hI uccagotra-karma kA kArya hai. khaNDana- yaha samAdhAna bhI isIlie galata hai ki jIvoM meM AdeyatA, yaza aura subhagatA kA prAdurbhAva uccagotra karma ke udaya kA kArya na hokara kramaza: Adeya, yazaH kItti aura subhaga saMjJA vAle nAma karmoM kA hI kArya hai. 5. samAdhAna-jIvoM kA ikSvAku kula Adi kSatriya kuloM meM janma lenA uccagotra-karma kA kArya hai.' khaNDana- yaha samAdhAna bhI ullikhita prazna kA uttara nahIM ho sakatA hai kyoMki ikSvAku kula Adi jitane kSatriya kuloM ko loka meM mAnyatA prApta hai ve saba kAlpanika hone se eka to atadrUpa hI haiM. dUsare yadi inheM vastutaH sadrUpa hI mAnA jAya to bhI yaha nahIM samajhanA cAhie ki uccagotra-karma kA udaya kevala ikSvAku kula Adi kSatriya kuloM meM hI pAyA jAtA hai; kAraNa ki jaina siddhAnta kI mAnyatA ke anusAra ukta kSatriya kuloM ke atirikta vaizya kuloM aura brAhmaNa kuloM meM bhI tathA ukta sabhI taraha ke kuloM ke bandhana se mukta hue sAdhuoM meM bhI uccagotra karma kA udaya pAyA jAtA hai.2 6. samAdhAna-sampanna (dhanADhaya) logoM se jIvoM kI utpatti honA hI uccagotra-karma kA kArya hai. khaNDana- yaha samAdhAna bhI sahI nahIM hai kyoMki sampanna (dhanADhya) logoM se jIvoM kI utpatti ko yadi uccagotra karma kA kArya mAnA jAyagA to aisI hAlata meM mleccharAja se utpanna hue bAlaka meM bhI hameM uccagotra karma ke udaya kA sadbhAva svIkAra karanA hogA, kAraNa ki mleccharAja kI saMpannatA to rAjakulakA vyakti hone ke nAte nirvivAda hai. parantu samasyA yaha hai ki jaina-siddhAnta meM mleccha jAti ke sabhI logoM ke niyama se nIcagotra-karma kA hI udaya mAnA gayA hai. 7. samAdhAna-aNuvratoM ko dhAraNa karane vAle vyaktiyoM se jIvoM kI utpatti honA uccagotra-karma kA kArya hai. 1. 'nekSvAkukulAdyutpattI' kA hindI artha SaTakhaNDAgama pustaka 13 meM 'ikSvAkukula Adi kI utpatti meM isakA vyApAra nahIM hotA' kiyA gayA hai jo galata hai. isakA sahI artha 'ikSvAku kula Adi kSatriya kuloM meM jIvoM kI utpatti honA isakA vyApAra nahIM hai' honA cAhie. 2. yahAM para SaTakhaNDAgama pustaka 13 meM 'biDabrAhmaNa sAdhuSvapi' vAkya kA hindI artha 'vaizya aura brAhmaNa sAdhuoM meM kiyA gayA hai jo galata hai. isakA sahI artha 'vaizyoM, brAhmaNoM aura sAdhuoM meM honA cAhie. MARWICE javAnabAbAcAbAcAbAcAvAvAjavAjavAyana
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________________ baMzIdhara : jainadRSTi se manuSyoM meM ucca-nIca vyavasthA kA prAdhAra : 477 kharahana 0-0--0--0-0-0-0--0--0--0 yaha samAdhAna bhI nirdoSa nahIM hai kyoMki aNuvratoM ko dhAraNa karane vAle vyakti se jIva kI utpatti ko yadi uccagotra-karma kA kArya mAnA jAyagA to aisI hAlata meM devoM meM puna: uccagotra-karma ke udaya kA abhAva prasakta ho jAyagA jo ki ayukta hogA. devoM meM eka ora to uccagotra-karma kA udaya jaina-dharma meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai tathA dUsarI ora devagati meM aNuvratoM ke dhAraNa karane kI asaMbhavatA ke sAthasAtha mAtra upapAdazayyA para hI devoM kI utpatti svIkAra kI gaI hai. jIvoM kI aNuvratiyoM se utpatti honA uccagotra karma kA kArya mAnane para dUsarI Apatti yaha upasthita hotI hai ki isa taraha se to nAbhirAja ke putra bhagavAna RSabhadeva ko bhI nIcagotrI svIkAra karanA hogA kyoMki nAbhirAja ke samaya meM aNuvrata Adi dhArmika pravRttiyoM kA mArga khulA huA nahIM hone se jaina-saMskRti meM unheM aNuvratI nahIM mAnA gayA hai. isa prakAra uccagotra-karma ke kArya para prakAza DAlane vAle ullikhita sAtoM samAdhAnoM meM se jaba koI bhI samAdhAna nirdoSa nahIM hai to inake AdhAra para uccagotra-karma ko saphala nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai aura isa taraha niSphala ho jAne para uccagotra-karma ko karmoM ke varga meM sthAna denA hI ayukta ho jAtA hai jisase isakA (uccagotra-karma kA) abhAva siddha ho jAtA hai tathA uccagotra-karma ke abhAva meM phira nIcagotra-karma kA bhI abhAva nizcita ho jAtA hai, kAraNa ki ucca aura nIca donoM hI gotra-karma paraspara eka-dUsare se sApekSa hokara hI apanI sattA kAyama rakkhe hae haiM. isa prakAra aMtima niSkarSa ke rUpa meM saMpUrNa gotra-karma kA abhAva siddha hotA hai. ukta vyAkhyAna para bArIkI se dhyAna dene para itanI bAta acchI taraha spaSTa ho jAtI hai ki AcArya zrIvIrasena svAmI ke samaya ke vidvAn eka to jaina-siddhAnta dvArA mAnya nArakiyoM aura tiryaMcoM meM nIcatA kI vyavasthA ko tathA devoM meM uccatA kI vyavasthA ko nirvivAda hI mAnate the lekina dUsarI tarapha manuSyoM meM jaina zAstroM dvArA svIkRta uccatA tathA nIcatA saMbaMdhI ubhaya rUpa vyavasthA ko ve zaMkAspada svIkAra karate the. nArakiyoM aura tiryaMcoM meM nIcatA kI vyavasthA ko aura devoM meM uccatA kI vyavasthA ko nirvivAda mAnane kA kAraNa yaha jAna par3atA hai ki sabhI nArakiyoM aura sabhI tirya coM meM sarvadA nIcagotra-karma kA tathA sabhI devoM meM sarvadA uccagotra-karma kA udaya hI jaina AgamoM dvArA pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai aura manuSyoM meM uccatA tathA nIcatA ubhaya rUpa vyavasthA ko zaMkAspada mAnane kA kAraNa yaha jAna par3atA hai ki cUMki manuSyoM meM nIcagotra-karma tathA uccagotra-karma kA udaya chadmasthoM (alpajJoM) ke liye ajJAta hI rahA karatA hai. ataH unameM nIcagotra-karma ke udaya ke AdhAra para nIcatA kA aura uccagotra-karma ke udaya ke AdhAra para uccatA kA vyavahAra karanA hama logoM ke liye zakya nahIM raha jAtA hai. yadyapi dhavalAzAstra kI pustaka 15 ke pRSTha 152 para tiryacoM meM bhI uccagotra-karma kI udIraNA kA kathana kiyA gayA hai isalie manuSyoM kI taraha tiryaMcoM meM bhI uccatA tathA nIcatA kI donoM vyavasthAyeM zaMkAspada ho jAtI haiM parantu vahIM para yaha bAta bhI spaSTa kara dI gaI hai ki tiryaMcoM meM uccagotra-karma kI udIraNA kA sadbhAva mAnane kA AdhAra kevala unake (tiyaMcoM ke) dvArA saMyamAsaMyama kA paripAlana karanA hI hai. vaha kathana nimna prakAra hai : 'tirikkhesu NIcAgodasya ceva udIraNA hodi tti savvastha parUvidaM, ettha puNa uccAgodassa vi udIraNA parUvidA. teNaM puNa pubvAvaraviroho ti bhaNide, Na, tirikkhesu saMjamAsaMjamaparivAlayateSu uccAgottavalaMbhAdo. uccAgode desasayalasaMjamaNibaMdhaNe saMte micchAiTThIsu tadabhAvo tti NAsaMkaNijjaM, tatthavi uccAgodajaNidasaMjamajogatAvekkhAe uccAgodattaM paDi virohAbhAvAdo'. yaha vyAkhyAna zaMkA aura samAdhAna ke rUpa meM hai. isameM nirdiSTa jo zaMkA hai vaha isalie utpanna huI hai ki isa prakaraNa meM isa vyAkhyAna ke pUrva hI tiryaggati meM bhI uccagotra-karma kI udIraNA kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai.' vyAkhyAna kA hindI artha nimna prakAra hai 1. tirikkha gaIe "uccAgodastha jaiepaDhidi udIraNA saMkhejjaguNA, jiida0 visesAhiyA. (dhavalA pustaka 15 pRSTha 152) WER SPATI Jan INDINANINNAININENENINEANININNINorg
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________________ 478 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya -0-0--0-0--0-0--0-0-0-0 zaMkA- tiryacoM meM nIcagotra-karma kI udIraNA hotI hai yaha bAta to Agama meM sarvatra pratipAdita kI gaI hai lekina isa prakaraNa meM unake uccagotra-karma kI udIraNA kA bhI pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai isalie Agama meM pUrvApara-virodha upasthita hotA hai. samAdhAna - yaha zaMkA ThIka nahIM, kyoMki saMyamAsaMyama kA pAlana karane vAle tiryaMcoM meM hI uccagotra kI upalabdhi hotI hai. zaMkA- yadi jIvoM meM dezasaMyama aura sakalasaMyama ke AdhAra para uccagotra kA sadbhAva mAnA jAya to isa taraha mithyAdRSTiyoM meM uccagotra kA abhAva mAnanA hogA jaba ki jaina siddhAnta kI mAnyatA ke anusAra unameM uccagotra kA bhI sadbhAva pAyA jAtA hai. samAdhAna- yaha zaMkA ThIka nahIM, kyoMki mithyAdRSTiyoM meM dezasaMyama aura sakalasaMyama kI yogyatA kA pAyA jAnA to sambhava hai hI isIlie unakI uccagotratA ke prati Agama kA virodha nahIM raha jAtA hai. yadyapi dhavalA ke upata zaMkA samAdhAna se tiryaggati meM uccagotra kI udIraNA sambandhI prazna to samApta ho jAtA hai parantu isase eka to dezasaMyama aura sakalasaMyama ko uccagotra-karma ke udaya ke sadbhAva meM kAraNa mAnane se paMcama gUNasthAna meM jaina-darzana ke karma-siddhAnta ke anusAra pratipAdita nIcagotra karma ke udaya kA sadbhAva mAnanA asaMgata hogA aura dUsare manuSyagati kI taraha tiryaggati meM bhI dezasaMyama dhAraNa karane kI yogyatA kA parijJAna alpajJoM ke liye asambhava rahane ke kAraNa uccagotra-karma aura nIcagotra-karma ke udaya kI vyavasthA karanA manuSyagati kI taraha jaTila hI hogA. ukta donoM hI prazna itane mahattva ke haiM ki jaba taka inakA samAdhAna nahIM hotA taba taka tiryaggati meM bhI uccagotra aura nIcagotra kI vyavasthA sambandhI samasyA kA hala honA asaMbhava hI pratIta hotA hai. vidvAnoM ko ina para apanA dRSTikoNa pragaTa karanA cAhie. hamArA dRSTikoNa nimna prakAra hai : prathama prazna ke viSaya meM hama aisA socate haiM ki Agama dvArA tiryaggati meM uccanotra-karma kI udIraNA kA jo pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai use eka apavAda siddhAnta svIkAra kara, yahI mAnanA cAhie ki aisA koI tiryana-jo dezasaMyama dhAraNa karane kI kisI vizeSa yogyatA se prabhAvita ho-usI ke ukta Agama ke AdhAra para uccagotra-karma kA udaya raha sakatA hai. isa taraha sAmAnya rUpa se dezasaMyama ko dhAraNa karane vAlA tiryaMca nIcagotrI hI huA karatA hai. dUsare prazna ke viSaya meM hamArA yaha kahanA hai ki narakagati, tiryaggati aura devagati ke jIvoM kI jIvanavRttiyoM meM samAna rUpa se prAkRtikatA ko sthAna prApta hai, isalie tiryacoM meM uccatA aura nIcatAjanya bheda kA sadbhAva rahate hae bhI jIvanavRttiyoM kI usa prAkRtikatA ke kAraNa nArakiyoM aura devoM ke samAna hI sabhI tiryaMcoM meM paraspara jIvanavRttijanya aisI viSamatA kA pAyA jAnA sambhava nahIM hai jisake AdhAra para unameM yathAyogya donoM gotroM ke udaya kI vyavasthA svIkAra karane se vyAvahArika gar3abar3I paidA hone kI saMbhAvanA ho. kevala mAnava-jIvana hI aisA jIvana hai jahAM jIvanavRtti ke liye anivArya sAmAjika vyavasthA kI svIkRti ke AdhAra para gotra karma ke ucca tathA nIca rUpa udayabheda kA vyAvahArika upayoga hotA hai. tAtparya yaha hai ki narakagati, tiryaggati aura devagati ke jIvoM kI jIvanavRttiyoM meM prAkRtikatA ko jaisA sthAna prApta hai vaisA sthAna manuSyoM kI jIvanavRttiyoM meM prAkRtikatA ko prApta nahIM hai. yahI kAraNa hai ki manuSya ko sAmAnya rUpa se kauTambika saMgaThana, grAmya saMgaThana, rASTrIya saMgaThana aura yahAM taka ki mAnava saMgaThana Adi ke rUpa meM sAmAjika vyavasthAoM ke adhIna raha kara hI puruSArtha dvArA apanI jIvanavRtti kA saMcAlana karanA par3atA hai. parantu yaha saba tiryaMcoM ke liye Avazyaka nahIM hai. yadyapi hama mAnate haiM ki bhogabhUmigata manuSyoM kI jIvanavRttiyoM meM prAkRtikatA ke hI darzana hote haiM aura yahI kAraNa hai ki una manuSyoM meM sAmAjika vyavasthAoM kA sarvathA abhAva pAyA jAtA hai. alAvA isake, unameM kevala uccagotra Jain Education Libutry.org
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________________ baMzIdhara : jainadRSTi se manuSya meM ucca-nIca vyavasthA kA prAdhAra : 476 ---- ----------- karma kA hI udaya sarvadA vidyamAna rahatA hai. isalie unake jIvana meM vyAvahArika viSamatA ko sthAna prApta nahIM hotA hai lekina karmabhUmigata manuSyoM kI jIvanavRttiyoM meM jo aprAkRtikatA svabhAvataH pAyI jAtI hai usake kAraNa unako apanI jIvanavRtti kI sampannatA ke liye ukta sAmAjika vyavasthAoM kI adhInatA meM puruSArtha kA upayoga karanA par3atA hai aura aisA dekhA jAtA hai ki unake dvArA apanI jIvanavRtti ke saMcAlana ke liye apanAye gaye bhinnabhinna prakAra ke puruSArthoM meM uccatA aura nIcatA kA vaiSamya svabhAvataH ho jAtA hai jisake kAraNa unakI jIvanavRttiyAM bhI ucca aura nIca ke bheda se do vargoM meM vibhAjita ho jAtI haiM. yadyapi kA bhUmigata manuSyoM meM jIvanavRttiyoM kI bahuta-sI vividhatAyeM pAyI jAtI haiM aura jIvanavRttayoM kI inhIM vividhatAoM ke AdhAra para hI unameM brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya aura zUdra-ina cAra varNoM kI tathA inhIM varNoM ke antargata jIvanavRttiyoM ke AdhAra para hI yathAyogya luhAra, camAra Adi vividha jAtiyoM kI sthApanA ko jaina saMskRti meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai parantu jIvanavRttiyoM ke AdhAra para sthApita sabhI vargoM aura unake antargata pAyI jAne vAlI ukta prakAra kI sabhI jAtiyoM ko bhI jIvanavRttiyoM meM pAyI jAne vAlI uccatA aura nIcatA ke anusAra hI ucca aura nIca do vargoM meM saMgrahIta kara diyA gayA hai. isa prakAra ucca aura nIca donoM prakAra kI jIvanavRttiyoM ko hI kramaza: uccagotra karma aura nIcagotra karma ke udaya kA jaina saMskRti meM mApadaNDa svIkAra kiyA gayA hai. jIvoM meM uccagotra karma kA kisa rUpa meM vyApAra hotA hai ? athavA jIvoM meM uccagotra karma kA kyA kArya hotA hai ? isa prazna kA jo samAdhAna AcArya zrIvIrasena svAmI ne svayaM kiyA hai aura jise inhoMne svayaM hI nirdoSa mAnA hai. usameM manuSyoM kI isI puruSArthapradhAna jIvanavRtti ko AdhAra prarUpita kiyA hai. AcArya zrIvIrasena svAmI kA vaha samAdhAnarUpa vyAkhyAna nimna prakAra hai : 'na, jinavacanasyAsatyatvaprasaMgAt. tadvirodho'pi tatra tatkAraNAbhAvato'vagamyate. na ca kevalajJAnaviSayIkRteSvartheSu sakalevapi rajojuSAM jJAnAni pravartante yenAnupalambhAjjinavacanasyApramANatvamucyeta. na ca niSphalamuccairgotram , dIkSAyogyasAdhvAcArANAM sAdhvAcAraiH kRtasaMbandhAnAM AryapratyayAbhidhAnavyavahAranibandhanAnAM puruSANAM saMtAnaH uccairgotram. tatrotpattihetuH karmApyuccairgotram. na cAtra pUrvoktadoSAH saMbhavanti, virodhAt. tadviparItaM nIcairgotram. evaM gotrasya hU~ eva prakRtI bhavataH." pahale jo samUce gotrakarma ke abhAva kI AzaMkA isa lekha meM uddhRta dhavalAzAstra kI pustaka 13 ke pRSTha 288 ke vyAkhyAna meM pragaTa kara Aye haiM, usI kA samAdhAna karate hue Age vahIM para Upara likhA vyAkhyAna AcArya zrIvIrasena svAmI ne kiyA hai. usakA hindI artha nimna prakAra hai : "gotrakarma ke abhAva kI AzaMkA karanA ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki jinendra bhagavAn ne svayaM hI gotrakarma ke astitva kA pratipAdana kiyA hai aura yaha bAta nizcita hai ki jinendra bhagavAn ke vacana kabhI asatya nahIM hote haiM. asatyatA kA jinendra bhagavAn ke vacana ke sAtha virodha hai arthAt vacana eka ora to jinendra bhagavAna ke hoM aura dUsarI ora ve asatya bhI hoM-yaha bAta kabhI saMbhava nahIM hai. aisA isalie mAnanA par3atA hai ki jina bhagavAn ke vacanoM ko asatya mAnane kA koI kAraNa hI dRSTigocara nahIM hotA hai. jina bhagavAn ne yadyapi gotrakarma ke sadbhAva kA pratipAdana kiyA hai kintu hameM usakI (gotrakarma kI) upalabdhi nahIM hotI hai, isalie jina-vacana ko asatya mAnA jA sakatA hai, para aisA mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki kevalajJAna ke viSayabhUta sampUrNa padArthoM meM hama alpajJoM ke jJAna kI pravRtti hI nahIM hotI. isa prakAra uccagotra-karma ko niSphala mAnanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki jo puruSa svayaM to dIkSA ke yogya sAdhu AcAra vAle haiM hI tathA isa prakAra ke sAdhu AcAra vAle puruSoM ke sAtha jina kA sambandha sthApita ho cukA hai unameM 'Arya' isa prakAra ke pratyaya aura 'Arya' isa prakAra ke zabda-vyavahAra kI pravRtti ke bhI jo yogya haiM, una puruSoM ke saMtAna' arthAt kula 1. saMtatirgotra jananakulAnyabhijanA svayau. vaMzo'nvAyaH saMtAna -amara koSa brahma varga. THATRAPATHORUMENTARPMORA Jain Eduron in EYARAYAMAARAYANAYAPARAM ww.iaineorary.org
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________________ -o-o-r0------ ---- 480 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya kI jaina saMskRti meM uccagotra saMjJA svIkAra kI gayI hai tathA aise kuloM meM jIva ke utpanna hone ke kAraNabhUta karma ko bhI jaina saMskRti meM uccagotra-karma ke nAma se pukArA gayA hai. isa samAdhAna meM pUrva pradarzita doSoM meM se koI bhI doSa sambhava nahIM hai kyoMki isake sAtha una sabhI doSoM kA virodha hai. isI uccagotra karma ke ThIka viparIta hI nIcagotra-karma hai. isa prakAra gotrakarma kI ucca aura nIca aisI do hI prakRttiyA~ haiM. AcArya zrIvIrasena svAmI ne jIvoM meM uccagotra-karma kA kisa rUpa meM vyApAra hotA hai, isa prazna kA samAdhAna karane ke liye jo DhaMga apanAyA hai usakA uddezya una sabhI doSoM kA parihAra karanA hai, jinakA nirdeza Upara uddhRta pUrva pakSa ke vyAkhyAna meM AcArya mahArAja ne svayaM kiyA hai. ve isa samAdhAna meM yahI batalAte haiM ki dIkSA ke yogya sAdhu-AcAra vAle puruSoM kA kula hI uccagotra yA uccakula kahalAtA hai aura aise gotra yA kula meM jIva kI utpatti honA hI uccagotrakarma kA kArya hai. isa prakAra manuSya-gati meM dIkSA ke yogya sAdhu-AcAra ke AdhAra para hI jaina saMskRti dvArA uccagotra yA uccakula kI sthApanA kI gayI hai. isase niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki manuSyagati meM to jina kuloM kA dIkSA ke yogya sAdhuAcAra na ho ve kula nIca-gotra yA nIca kula kahe jAne yogya haiM. 'gotra' zabda kA vyutpattyartha gotra zabda ke nimnalikhita vigraha ke AdhAra para hotA hai : ____ "gUyate-zabdyate arthAt jIvasya uccatA vA nIcatA vA loke bamavahiyate anena iti gotram !" isakA artha yaha hai ki jisake AdhAra para jIvoM kA uccatA athavA nIcatA kA loka meM vyavahAra kiyA jAya vaha gotra kahalAtA hai. isa prakAra jaina saMskRti ke anusAra manuSyoM kI ucca aura nIca jIvanavRttiyoM ke AdhAra para nizciya kiye gae brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya, aura zUdra ye cAra varNa tathA luhAra, camAra Adi jAtiyA~-ye saba gotra, kula Adi nAmoM se pukArane yogya haiM. ina sabhI gotroM yA kuloM meM se jina kuloM meM pAyI jAne vAlI manuSyoM kI jIvanavRtti ko loka meM ucca mAnA jAe ve uccagotra yA ucca kula tathA jina kuloM meM pAyI jAne vAlI manuSyoM kI jIvanavRtti ko loka meM nIca mAnA jAe ve nIcagotra yA nIca kula kahe jAne yogya haiM. isa taraha uccagotra yA kula meM janma lene vAle manuSyoM ko ucca tathA nIca yA kula meM janma lene vAle manuSyoM ko nIca kahanA cAhie. AcArya zrIvIrasena svAmI ke ullikhita vyAkhyAna se yaha bAta bilkula spaSTa ho jAtI hai ki uccagotra meM paidA hone vAle manuSyoM ke niyama se uccagotra-karma kA tathA nIca gotra meM paidA hone vAle manuSyoM ke niyama se nIcagotra-karma kA hI udaya vidyamAna rahA karatA hai arthAt vinA nIcagotra-karma ke udaya ke koI bhI jIva ucca kula meM aura vinA nIcagotra-karma ke udaya ke koI bhI jIva nIca kula meM utpanna nahIM ho sakatA hai. tattvArthasUtra kI TIkA sarvArthasiddhi meM tattvArthasUtra ke AThaveM adhyAyake 'uccairnIcaizca'. (sUtra 12) sUtra kI TIkA karate hue AcArya zrIpUjyapAda ne bhI yahI pratipAdana kiyA hai ki : "yasyodayAllokapUjiteSu kuleSu janma taduccairgotram / yadudayAd gahiteSu kuleSu janma tannIcaigotram / " arthAt jisa gotra-karma ke udaya se jIvoM kA lokapUjita (ucca) kuloM meM janma hotA hai usa gotra karma kA nAma uccagotra karma hai aura jisa gotra karma ke udaya se jIvoM kA lokahita (nIca) kuloM meM janma hotA hai usa gotra karma kA nAma nIcagotra karma hai. jaina saMskRti ke AcArazAstra (caraNAnuyoga) aura karaNAnuyoga se yaha siddha hotA hai ki sabhI deva uccagotrI aura sabhI nArakI aura sabhI tiryaMca nIcagotrI hI hote haiM. parantu Upara jo uccagotra-karma kI udIraNA karane vAle tiryaMcoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai unheM isa niyama kA apavAda samajhanA cahie. manuSyoM meM bhI kevala AryakhaNDa meM basane vAle karmabhUmija 1. 'dIkSAyogyasAdhvAcArANA' Adi vAkya kA jo hindI artha SaTkhaNDAgama pustaka 13 meM kiyA gayA hai, vaha galata hai. hamane jo yahA~ artha kiyA hai use sahI samajhanA cAhie. . KIAD HD SAHE Jain S try.org
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________________ baMzIdhara : jainadRSTi se manuSyoM meM ucca-nIca vyavasthA kA AdhAra :.461 6------------------ manuSya hI aise haiM jinameM uccagotrI tathA nIcagotrI donoM prakAra ke vargoM kA sadbhAva pAyA jAtA hai arthAt ukta karmabhUmija manuSyoM meM se cAturvaNya vyavasthA ke antargata brAhmaNa, kSatriya aura vaizya varNoM aura ina vargoM ke antargata jAtiyoM ke sabhI manuSya uccagotrI hI hote haiM. inase atirikta jitane zUdra varNa aura isa varNa ke antargata jAtiyoM ke manuSya pAye jAte haiM ve saba tathA cAturvaNya vyavasthA se bAhya jo zaka, yavana, pulindAdika haiM, ve saba nIcagotrI hI mAne gaye haiM. AryakhaNDa meM basane vAle ina karmabhUmija manuSyoM ko chor3a kara zeSa jitane bhI manuSya loka meM batalAye gaye haiM unameM se bhogabhUmi ke sabhI manuSya uccagotra tathA pAMcoM mlecchakhaNr3oM meM basane vAle manuSya aura antarvIpaja manuSya nIcagotrI hI huA karate haiM. AryakhaNDa meM basane vAle zaka, yavana, pulindAdika ko tathA pAMcoM mlecchakhaNDoM meM aura antardIpoM meM basane vAle manuSyoM ko jaina saMskRti meM mleccha saMjJA dI gayI hai aura yaha batalAyA gayA hai ki aise mlecchoM ko bhI uccagotrI samajhanA cAhie jinakA dIkSA ke yogya sAdhu AcAra vAloM ke sAtha sambandha sthApita ho cukA ho aura isa taraha jinameM 'Arya' aisA pratyaya tathA 'Arya' aisA zabda vyavahAra bhI hone lagA ho. isase jaina saMskRti meM mAnya gotraparivartana ke siddhAnta kI puSTi hotI hai. gotraparivartana ke siddhAnta ko puSTa karane vAle bahuta se laukika udAharaNa Aja bhI prApta haiM, jaise--yaha itihAsaprasiddha hai ki jo agravAla Adi jAtiyAM pahale kisI samaya meM kSatriya varNa meM thIM ve Aja pUrNataH vaizya varNa meM samA cukI haiM. jaina purANoM meM anuloma aura pratiloma vivAhoM kA ullekha hai. ve ullekha striyoM ke gotraparivartana kI sUcanA dete haiM. Aja bhI dekhA jAtA hai ki vivAha ke anantara kanyA pitRpakSa ke gotra kI na raha kara patipakSa ke gotra kI ho jAtI hai. isa saMpUrNa kathana kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki yadi parivartita gotra ucca hotA hai to nIcagotra kI bana jAtI hai aura yadi parivartita gotra nIca hotA hai to uccagotra meM utpanna huI nArI bhI nIcagotra kI bana jAtI hai aura parivartita gotra ke anusAra hI nArI ke yathAyogya nIcagotra karma kA udaya na raha kara uccagotra karma kA udaya tathA uccagotra kA udaya samApta hokara nIcagotra karma kA udaya Arambha ho jAtA hai. isI prakAra manuSyoM meM jIvanavRtti kA parivartana na hone para bhI gotra parivartana ho jAtA hai jaisA ki agravAla Adi jAtiyoM kA udAharaNa Upara diyA gayA hai. pahale kahA cukA hai ki AcArya zrIvIrasena svAmI ne 'uccagotra karma kA jIvoM meM kisa rUpa meM vyApAra hotA hai' isa prazna kA samAdhAna karane ke liye jo DhaMga banAyA hai usakA uddezya una sabhI doSoM kA parihAra karanA hai jinakA nirdeza pUrva pakSa ke vyAkhyAna meM kiyA gayA hai. isase hamArA abhiprAya yaha hai ki AcArya zrIvIrasena svAmI ne uccagotra kA nirdhAraNa karake usameM jIvoM kI utpatti ke kAraNabhUta karma ko uccagotra-karma nAma diyA hai. unhoMne batalAyA hai ki dIkSA ke yogya sAdhu AcAra vAle puruSoM kA kula hI uccagotra kahalAtA hai aura aise kula meM jIva kI utpatti honA hI uccagotra-karma kA kArya hai. isameM pUrvokta doSoM kA abhAva spaSTa hai kyoMki isase jaina saMskRti dvArA devoM meM svIkRta uccagotra karma ke udaya kA aura nArakiyoM tathA tiryaMcoM meM svIkRta nIcagotra-karma ke udaya kA vyAghAta nahIM hotA hai. kyoMki isameM uccagotra kA jo lakSaNa batalAyA gayA hai vaha mAtra manuSyagati se hI saMbandha rakhatA hai aura isakA bhI kAraNa yaha hai ki uccagotra-karma ke kArya kA yadi vivAda hai to vaha kevala manuSyagati meM hI saMbhava hai. dUsarI gatiyoM meM yAne deva, naraka aura tiryak nAma kI gatiyoM meM, kahA~ kisa gotra-karma kA, kisa AdhAra se udaya pAyA jAtA hai, yaha bAta nirvivAda hai. isa samAdhAna se abhavya manuSyoM ke bhI uccagotra karma ke udaya kA abhAva prasakta nahIM hotA hai kyoMki abhavyoM ko ucca mAne jAne vAle kuloM meM janma lene kA pratibandha isase nahIM hotA hai. mlecchakhaNDoM meM basane vAle manuSyoM ke nIca. gotra-karma ke udaya kI hI siddhi isa samAdhAna se hotI hai kyoMki mlecchakhaNDoM meM jaina saMskRti kI mAnyatA ke anusAra dharma-karma kI pravRtti kA sarvathA abhAva vidyamAna rahane ke kAraNa dIkSA ke yogya sAdhu AcAra vAle ucca kuloM kA sadbhAva nahIM pAyA jAtA hai. isI AdhAra para antIpaja aura karmabhUmija mleccha ke bhI kevala nIcagotra-karma ke udaya kI hI siddhi hotI hai. AryakhaNDa ke brAhmaNa, kSatriya aura vaizya saMjJA vAle kuloM meM janma lene vAle manuSyoM ke isa samAdhAna se kevala uccagotra karma ke udaya kI hI siddhi hotI hai kyoMki brAhmaNa, kSatriya aura vaizya saMjJA vAle sabhI kula dIkSA yogya sAdhu AcAra vAle uccakula hI mAne gaye haiM. sAdhuvarga meM ucca-gotra karma ke udaya kA vyAghAta bhI oyA LISH 4 Gelibrary.org
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________________ ------------0--0-0-0-0 482 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya isa samAdhAna se nahIM hotA hai kyoMki jahA~ dIkSAyogya sAdhu AcAra vAle kuloM taka ko uccatA prApta hai vahA~ jaba manuSya, kulavyavasthA se bhI Upara uThakara apanA jIvana Adarzamaya banA letA hai to usameM kevala uccagotra-karma ke udaya kA rahanA hI svAbhAvika hai. zUdroM meM isa samAdhAna se nIcagotra-karma ke udaya kI hI siddhi hotI hai kyoMki unake kaulika AcAra ko jaina saMskRti meM dIkSAyogya sAdhu AcAra nahIM mAnA gayA hai. yahI kAraNa hai ki pUrva meM uddhRta dhavalAzAstra kI pustaka 13 ke pRSTha 388 ke 'vibrAhmaNasAdhuSvapi ucairgotrasyodayadarzanAt' vAkya meM vaizyoM, brAhmaNoM aura sAdhuoM ke sAtha zUdroM kA ullekha AcArya zrIvIrasena svAmI ne nahIM kiyA hai. yadi AcAryazrI ko zUdroM ke bhI vaizya, brAhmaNa aura sAdhu puruSoM kI taraha uccagotra ke udaya kA sadbhAva svIkAra hotA to zUdra zabda kA bhI ullekha ukta vAkya meM karane se ve vahIM cUka sakate the. ukta vAkya meM kSatriya zabda kA ullekha na karane kA kAraNa yaha hai ki ukta vAkya una logoM kI mAnyatA ke khaNDana meM prayukta kiyA gayA hai jo loga uccagotra karma kA udaya kevala kSatriya kuloM meM mAnanA cAhate the. yadi koI yahAM yaha zaMkA upasthita kare ki bhogabhUmi ke manuSyoM meM bhI to jaina saMskRti dvArA kevala uccagotra-karma kA hI udaya svIkAra kiyA gayA hai lekina uparyukta uccagotra kA lakSaNa to unameM ghaTita nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki bhogabhUmi meM sAdhumArga kA abhAva hI pAyA jAtA hai, ataH vahA~ ke manuSya-kuloM ko dIkSA-yogya sAdhu-AcAra vAle kula kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai ? to isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki bhogabhUmi ke manuSya uccagotrI hI hote haiM, yaha bAta hama pahale hI batalA Aye haiM. jaina-saMskRti kI bhI yahI mAnyatA hai. isaliye vahA~ manuSyoM kI uccatA aura nIcatA kA vivAda nahIM hone ke kAraNa kevala karmabhUmi ke manuSyoM ko lakSya meM rakhakara hI uccagotra kA uparyukta lakSaNa nirdhArita kiyA gayA hai. isa prakAra SaTkhaNDAgama kI dhavalA TIkA ke AdhAra para tathA sarvArthasiddhi Adi mahAn granthoM ke AdhAra para yaha siddhAnta sthira ho jAtA hai ki ucca gotrImanuSya ke uccagotra-karma kA aura nIcagotrI manuSyoM ke nIcagotra-karma kA hI udaya rahA karatA hai lekina jo uccagotrI manuSya kadAcit nIcagotrI ho jAtA hai athavA jo nIcagotrI manuSya kadAcit uccagotrI ho jAtA hai, usake yathAyogya pUrvagotra karma kA udaya samApta hokara dUsare gotrakarma kA udaya ho jAyA karatA hai. SaTakhaNDAgama kI dhavalA TIkA ke AdhAra para dUsarA siddhAnta yaha sthira hotA hai ki dIkSA ke yogya sAdhu AcAra vAle jo kula hote haiM yAne jina kuloM kA nirmANa dIkSA ke yogya sAdhu-AcAra ke AdhAra para huA ho ve kula hI uccakula yA uccagotra kahalAte haiM. isakA spaSTa artha yaha hai ki kaulika AcAra ke AdhAra para hI eka manuSya uccagotrI aura dUsarA manuSya nIcagotrI samajhA jAnA cAhie. gommaTasAra karmakANDa meM to spaSTa rUpa se uccAcaraNa ke AdhAra para eka manuSya ko uccagotrI aura nIcAcaraNa ke AdhAra para dUsare manuSya ko nIcagotrI pratipAdita kiyA hai. gommaTasAra karmakANDa kA vaha kathana nimna prakAra hai: 'saMtANa kameNAgayajIvAyaraNassa godamidi sarANA / ucca NIcaM caraNaM ucca NIcaM have godaM / 13 / jIva kA saMtAnakrama se arthAt kulaparamparA se AyA huaA jo AcaraNa hai usI nAma kA gotra samajhanA cAhie. vaha AcaraNa yadi ucca ho to gotra ko bhI ucca hI samajhanA cAhie aura yadi vaha AcaraNa nIca ho to gotra ko bhI nIca hI samajhanA cAhie. gommaTasAra karmakANDa kI ullikhita gAthA kA abhiprAya yahI hai ki ucca aura nIca donoM hI kuloM kA nirmANa kulagata ucca aura nIca AcaraNa ke AdhAra para hI huA karatA hai. yaha kulagata AcaraNa usa usa kula kI nizcita jIvanavRtti ke alAvA aura kyA ho sakatA hai ? isaliye kulAcaraNa se tAtparya usa usa kula ko nirdhArita jIvanavRtti kA hI lenA cAhiye. kAraNa ki dharmAcaraNa aura adharmAcaraNa ko isalie ucca aura nIca gotroM kA niyAmaka nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai ki dharmAcaraNa karatA huA bhI jIva jaina-saMskRti kI mAnyatA ke anusAra nIcagotrI ho sakatA hai. isa prakAra OM EPerson Jain Eduation in FODate &Personal us Anelibraryforg
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________________ baMzIdhara : jainadRSTi se manuSyoM meM ucca-nIca vyavasthA kA AdhAra : 483 karmabhUmi ke manuSyoM meM brAhmaNavRtti, kSAtravRtti aura vaizyavRtti ko jaina saMskRti kI mAnyatA ke anusAra uccagotra kI niyAmaka aura zovRtti tathA mlecchavRtti ko nIcagotra kI niyAmaka sabhA cAhie. eka bAta aura hai ki vRttiyoM ke sAtvika, rAjasa aura tAmasa ye tIna bheda mAnakara brAhmaNavRtti ko sAtvika, kSAtravRtti aura vaizyavRtti ko rAjasa tathA zaudravRtti aura mlecchavRtti ko tAmasa kahanA bhI ayukta nahIM hai. jisa vRtti meM udAtta guNa kI pradhAnatA ho vaha sAtvikavRtti, jisa vRtti meM zauryaguNa athavA prAmANika vyavahAra kI pradhAnatA ho vaha rAjasavRtti aura jisa vRtti meM hInabhAva arthAt dInatA yA krUratA kI pradhAnatA ho vaha tAmasavRtti jAnanA cAhie. isa prakAra brAhmaNavRtti meM sAtvikatA yAtravRtti meM zaurya vaizyavRtti meM prAmANikatA zodravRtti meM dInatA aura mlecchati meM krUratA kA hI pradhAnatayA samAveza pAyA jAtA hai. ina tIna prakAra kI vRttiyoM meM se sAtvika vRtti aura rAjasavRtti donoM hI uccatA kI tathA tAmasavRtti nIcatA kI nizAnI samajhanA cAhie. 2 isa lekha meM hamane manuSyoM kI uccatA aura nIcatA ke viSaya meM jo vicAra pragaTa kiye haiM unakA AdhAra yadyapi Agama hai phira bhI yaha viSaya itanA vivAdagrasta hai ki sahasA samajha meM AnA kaThina hai. ataH vidvAnoM se hamArA anurodha hai ki ve bhI isa viSaya kA cintana kareM aura apanI vicAradhArA ke niSkarSa ko vyakta kareM. yadyapi isa viSaya para karmasiddhAnta kI dRSTi se bhI vicAra kiyA jAnA thA parantu lekha kA prastuta lekha meM maiMne jo kucha likhA hai usameM bhI saMkoca kI nIti se kAma lenA par3A hai. prasaMgAnusAra hI likhane kA prayatna karUMgA. ki kalevara itanA bar3ha cukA hai ataH atirikta viSaya kabhI
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________________ zrIjayabhanayAna jaina eDavokeTa vedottarakAla meM brahmavidyA kI punarjAgRti janmejaya kI mRtyu ke bAda jaba uttara ke nAgavaMzI kSatriyoM ke Aye dina ke hamaloM ne kurukSetra ke kauravoM kI rASTrIya sattA ko chinna-bhinna kara diyA aura saptasindhu deza tathA madhyadeza meM punaH bhArata ke nAgarAja gharAnoM ne apanI-apanI rASTrIya svatantratA ko prApta kiyA to kaurava vaMza kI saMrakSakatA ke abhAva meM vaidika saMskRti ko bahuta dhakkA pahu~cA. gAndhAra se lekara videha taka samasta uttara bhArata meM pahale ke samAna punaH zramaNasaMskRti kA ubhAra ho gayA. isI aitihAsika sthiti kI ora saMketa karate hue hindU purANakAroM ne likhA hai ki bhArata kA prAcIna dharma, jo satayuga se jArI rahatA calA AyA hai, tapa aura yogasAdhanA hai. tretAyuga meM sabase pahale yajJoM kA vidhAna huA, dvApara meM inakA hrAsa honA zuru ho gayA aura kaliyuga meM yajJa kA nAma bhI zeSa na rahegA.' manusmRtikAra ne bhI likhA hai ki satayuga kA mAnavadharma tapa hai, vetA kA jJAna hai, dvApara kA yajJa hai, kaliyuga kA dAna hai.2 isa sambandha meM yaha bAta yAda rakhane yogya hai ki hindU purANaracayitAoM tathA jyotiSa granthakAroM kI mAnyatA ke anusAra kaliyuga kA Arambha mahArAja yudhiSThira ke rAjyArohaNa-divasa se ginA jAtA hai. isa rAjyArohaNa kA samaya lagabhaga 1500 I0 pUrva mAnA jAtA hai.4 isa taraha janmejaya ke bAda rASTrIya saMrakSaNa uTha jAne ke kAraNa aura sAMskRtika vaimanasyoM se Uba kara jaba vaidika RSiyoM kA dhyAna bhArata kI AdhyAtmika saMskRti kI ora gayA, to ve usake ucca Adarza, gambhIra vicAra, saMyamI jIvana aura tyAga-tapa-sAdhanA se aise Ananda-vibhora hue ki unameM AtmajJAna ke liye eka adamya jijJAsA kI lahara jAga uThI.5 aba unheM jIvana aura mRtyu kI samasyAyeM vikala karane lagI. aba unake mAnasika vyoma meM prazna uThane lage-brahma arthAt jIvAtmA kyA vastu hai ? isakA kyA kAraNa hai ? yaha janma ke samaya kahAM se AtA hai ? yaha mRtyu ke samaya kahAM calA jAtA hai ? kauna isakA AdhAra hai ? kauna isakI pratiSThA hai ? yaha kisa ke sahAre jItA hai ? kisa ke sahAre bar3hatA hai ? kauna isakA adhiSThAtA hai ? kauna ise sukha dukha rUpa bartAtA hai ? kauna ise mAratA aura jilAtA hai. aba Rk, yajuH, sAma, atharva vaidika saMhitAyeM aura zikSA, kalpa, vyAkaraNa, nirukta, chanda, jyotiSa sambandhI SaTka 1. mahAbhArata zAnti parva a0 335. 2. tapaH paraM kRtayage tretAyAM jJAnamucyate, dvApare yajJamevAhuH dAnamekaM kalau yuge | manusmRti-1-86. 3. mahAbhArata Adi parva 2.13 / mahAbhArata vana parva 146-38. Arya bhaTIyam prathama pAda zloka 3-(isa grantha kA raciyatA vRddha Arya bhara IsA kI pAMcavoM sado kA mahAn jyotiSajJa haiM). 4. zrIjayacandra vidyAlaMkAra-"bhArata ke itihAsa kI rUparekhA"-jilda 11663, pRSTha 261-263. 5. athAto brahmajijJAsA-brahmasUtra 1.1.1. / 6. kiM kAraNaM brahma kutaH sma jAtAH jIvAma kena ca saMpratiSThAH, adhiSThitAH kena sukhetareSu vartAmahe brahmavido vyavasthAm ||---shvetaashvtr upa01.1. Jaindu elnary.org
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________________ jayabhagavAna jaina : vedottarakAla meM brahmavidyA kI punarjAgRti : 485 -0-0--0-0-0--0--0--0--0-0 vidyAe~, jinheM ve amUlya nidhi jAnakara paramparA se par3hate aura par3hAte cale Aye the, unako aparA arthAt sAdhAraNa, laukika vidyAe~ bhAsane lagI.' aba dhana aura suvarNa, gAya aura ghor3e, putra aura pautra, kheta aura jamIna, rAjya va anya laukika sampadAyeM, jinakI prApti, rakSA tathA vRddhi ke liye ve nirantara indra aura agni se prArthanAyeM kiyA karate the, unakI dRSTi meM saba heya tuccha aura sArahIna vastue~ dikhAI dene lagI. aba unake liye AtmavidyA hI parama vidyA bana gayI. AtmA hI dekhane jAnane aura manana karane yogya parama satya ho gayA.2 aba unheM bhAsane lagA ki jo AtmA se bhinna sUrya, indra, vAyu agni Adi devoM kI upAsanA karate haiM ve devoM ke dAsa haiM, ve ladU pazuoM ke samAna devoM ke bhAra ko uThAne vAle vAhana haiM. parantu jo AtmA kI adbhuta vizvavyApI zaktiyoM ko jAnakara AtmA ke upAsaka haiM ve sarvabhU (sarvAntaryAmI), paribhU (vizvavyApI) svayambhU (svatantra) bana jAte haiM, ve AtmajJAnI hI saMsArapUjanIya haiM. yajJa yAga Adi zrauta karma saMsArabandhana kA kAraNa hai aura jJAna mukti kA kAraNa. karma karane se jIva bAra-bAra janma maraNa ke cakkara meM par3atA hai. parantu jJAna ke prabhAva se vaha saMsAra-sAgara se ubhara akSaya paramAtmapada ko pA letA hai. nAsamajha AdamI hI ina karmoM kI prazaMsA karate haiM, isase unheM bAra-bAra zarIra dhAraNa karanA par3atA hai.5 jo jJAna ko tyAga kara vedokta yajJa yajana karma karane vAle haiM, athavA aihika AkAMkSAoM se prerita dAna Adi puNya karma karane vAle haiM, ve saba pitRyAna mArga ke pathika haiM, ve dhUma, kRSNa pakSa, dakSiNAyana patha se pitRloka, candraloka, svarga ko jAte haiM, puNya-avadhi kSINa hone para punaH isI martya-loka meM Akara janma dhAraNa karate haiM. jJAnI jana dvArA ye karma apanAne yogya nahIM haiM. 6 vAtyoM ke prati zrAdara--isa jijJAsA ke phalasvarUpa unakA vrAtyoM aura yatiyoM ke prati Adara aura sahiSNUtA kA vyavahAra bar3hane lagA. brAhmaNa RSiyoM ne gRhastha logoM ke liye yaha niyama kara diyA ki jaba kabhI vrAtya (vratadhArI sAdhu) athavA zramaNajana ghUmate-phirate hue AhAra-pAna ke liye unake ghara AveM to unake sAtha atyanta vinaya kA vyavahAra kiyA jAve, yahAM taka ki yadi unake Ane ke samaya gRhapati agnihotra meM vyasta ho to gRhapati ko agnihotra kA upakrama chor3a kara unakA Atithya satkAra karanA adhika phaladAyaka hai." brahmavidyA kI khoja-jJAna kI isa adamya pyAsa se vyAkula ho aneka prasiddha RSikuloM ke pUrNa zikSA prApta navayuvaka ghara-bAra chor3a brahmavidyA kI khoja meM nikala gaye. ve dUra-dUra kI yAtrAyeM karate hue, jaMgaloM kI khAka chAnate hue, gAndhAra se videha taka, pAMcAla se yamadeza taka, vibhinna dezoM meM vicarate hue, brahmavidyA ke purAne jAnakAra kSatriya gharAnoM meM pahuMcane lage. ve vahAM ziSya bhAva se Thahara kara indriyasaMyama, brahmacarya, tapa, tyAga aura svAdhyAya kA jIvana bitAne lage. inakI isa apUrva jijJAsA, mahAn udyama aura rahasyamaya saMvAdoM ke AkhyAna bhAratIya bAGmaya ke jina graMthoM meM surakSita haiM ve upaniSat saMjJA se prasiddha haiM. yoM to ye upaniSat saMkhyA meM 208 se bhI adhika haiM parantu aitihAsika dRSTi se 11 mukhya 1. tatrAparA Rgvedo yajurvedaH sAmavedo'tharvavedaH zikSA kalpo vyAkaraNaM niruktaM chando jyotiSmati. atha parA yathA tadakSaramadhigamyate. -muNDaka upaniSad 1 pR0 5. 2. AtmA vA are draSTavyaH zrotavyo mantabyo nididhyAsitavyaH / (yAjJavalkya dvArA diyA huA upadeza) bahadAraNyaka upaniSad 2, 4, 5. 3. vRhadAraNyaka upaniSat-1, 4. 6, 10. 4. tasmAdAtmajJaM yacaMyed bhuutikaamH|-munnddk upa0 3-1-10. 5. muNDaka upaniSat 1, 2, 711, 2,10 mahAbhArata zAnti parva a0 241, 1.10. 6. (ka) yAskAcArya praNIta nirukta, pariziSTa 2,8, 6. (kha) chAMdogya upaniSad nirukta 5, 10, 3-7. (rA) prazna upa01-6. (gha) bhagavadgItA 1-6, 20, 21. 7. atharvaveda-kANDa 15-sUkta 1 (11), 1 (12), 1 (13). anp anti Jain Educator JAWAHARMedia CLPIU MINGH M INISTI... HARIHAmtih.NIH . MHILA.. Miljal... ...tillITHun.AIRTILIA
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________________ ---------- - ----- 456 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya upaniSat - Iza, kena, kaTha, prazra, muNDaka, mANDUkya, aitareya, taittarIya, chAndogya, bRhadAraNyaka aura zvetAzvatara adhika prAmANika haiM. cUMki ina upaniSadoM meM mahAbhArata kAla se lekara buddha, mahAvIrakAla taka kI vaidika aura zramaNa do maulika saMskRtiyoM ke sammelana kI kathA aMkita hai.' cUMki inameM jijJAsu RSiyoM kI sarala vicAraNA, satyaparAyaNatA aura tatkAlIna AdhyAtmika zikSA-dIkSA ke jIte-jAgate citra diye gae haiM, cUMki ina meM Arya RSiyoM ke tattvajJAna kA aMtima niSkarSa diyA huA hai jo vedAntadarzana ke nAma se prasiddha hai, cUMki ye Adhunika hindU darzanazAstra ke mUlAdhAra haiM, inhIM kA dohana karake 200 bI0 sI0 ke lagabhaga zuMga kAla meM gItA kA vikAsa huA hai, inhIM kA dohana karake 200 bI0 sI0 ke lagabhaga bAdarAyaNa RSi ke nAma se brahmasUtra kI racanA kI gaI hai, isaliye inakA bhAratIya sAhitya meM eka amUlya sthAna hai. buddha aura mahAvIra se pahale kI bhAratIya saMskRti kI jAMca karane ke liye inakA adhyayana bahuta hI Avazyaka hai. usa jamAne kI zikSApaddhati ke anusAra ina upaniSadoM kI kathanazailI AlaMkArika hai. tattva-bodha ke liye nitya anubhava meM AnevAlI prAkRtika vastuoM ko pratIka rUpa meM (Symbols) prayukta kiyA gayA hai. jagaha-jagaha yAjJika paribhASAoM ko bhI kAma meM lAyA gayA hai: AdhyAtmika AkhyAnoM ko rUpakoM kI (Parables) zakla meM peza kiyA gayA hai. isa kAraNa pichale AcAryoM ko inheM apane-apane sAmpradAyika sA~ce meM DhAlane ke liye inakI vyAkhyA karane meM khIMcAtAnI karane kI bahuta suvidhA mila gaI hai. isa khIMcAtAnI ke kAraNa hI dArzanika yuga meM brAhmaNa AcAryoM ne kitane hI naye vedAnta darzanoM ko janma diyA hai. kucha bhI ho, yaha bAta nirvivAda siddha hai ki usa jamAne ke RSiyoM kI kathanazailI dArzanika aura vaijJAnika DhaMga kI na thI. usa samaya brahmajJAna ke prasAra meM pippalAda, nArAyaNa, zvetaketu, bhRgu, vAmadeva, aMgirasa yAjJavalkya Adi RSiyoM ke alAvA jina kSatriya rAjAoM ne bar3A bhAga liyA hai, ve haiM kaikeyadeza ke azvapati, pAMcAla dezake pravAhaNa jaibali, kAzIke ajAtazatru, videha ke janaka aura dakSiNa dezake vaivasvata yama Adi. isake AkhyAnoM ke kucha namUne yahAM uddhRta kiye jAte haiM. pravAhaNa jayabali kI kathA-eka vAra aruNi-gautama RSi kA putra zvetaketu pAMcAla deza ke kSatriyoM kI sabhA meM gayA. taba pAMcAla ke rAjA pravAhaNa jayabali ne usa ko kahA-he kumAra ! kyA tujhe tere pitA ne zikSA dI hai ? yaha sunakara usane uttara diyA-hA~ bhagavan ! usane mujhe zikSA dI hai. rAjA ne kahA-he zvetaketu ! jisa prakAra mara kara prajAe~ paraloka ko jAtI haiM, kyA tU use jAnatA hai ? usane kahA-bhagavan ! maiM nahIM jAnatA. rAjA ne kahA-jisa prakAra se prajAyeM punaH janma letI haiM kyA tU use jAnatA hai ? usane kahA-bhagavan ! maiM nahIM jAnatA. rAjA ne pUchA-kyA tU devayAna aura pitRyAna ke mArgoM kI vibhinnatA ko jAnatA hai ? usane kahA-bhagavan ! maiM nahIM jAnatA. usake bAda rAjA ne phira pUchA-jisa prakAra yaha loka aura paraloka kabhI jIvoM se nahIM bharatA, kyA tUuse jAnatA hai ? usase kahA-bhagavan ! maiM nahIM jAnatA. rAjA ne phira pUchA-jisa prakAra garbha meM puruSAkRti bana jAtI hai, kyA tU use jAnatA hai ? usane kahA-bhagavan ! maiM nahIM jAnatA. tadanantara rAjA ne kahA-jo manuSya ina praznoM kA uttara nahIM jAnatA vaha kisa bhAMti apane ko suzikSita kaha sakatA hai ? isa prakAra pravAhaNa rAjA se parAsta ho vaha zvetaketu apane pitA aruNi ke sthAna para gayA aura kahane lagAApane mujhe vinA zikSA diye hue hI yaha kaise kaha diyA ki mujhe zikSA de dI gaI hai ? rAjA ne mujhase pAMca prazna pUche, parantu maiM unameM se eka kA bhI uttara dene meM samartha na ho sakA. taba aruNi bolA--maiM bhI ina praznoM kA uttara nahIM jAnatA. yadi maiM inakA uttara jAnatA hotA to tumheM kaise na batAtA ! 3. A. Upnishads are the product of the Aryan and Drividian intermixture of Cultures. --Keith-Religion and Philosophy of the Vedas and Upnishads. Page 447. B. Dr. Winternitz-History of Indian Literature. Vol. I. P. 226-244. 2. chAndogya upaniSat 5-3. bRhadAraNyaka upaniSat 62. Gary.org
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________________ jayabhagavAna jaina : vedottarakAla brahmavidyA kI punarjAgRti : 487 usake bAda vaha aruNi gautama una praznoM kA uttara jAnane ke liye rAjA pravAhaNa ke pAsa gayA. rAjA ne use Asana de pAnI maMgavAyA aura usakA arghya kiyA. tatpazcAt rAjA ne kahA-he pUjya gautama ! manuSya yogya dhana kA vara mAMgo. yaha sunakara gautama ne kahA-he rAjan ! manuSya dhana terA hI dhana hai, mujhe nahIM cAhie. mujhe to vaha vArtA batA de jo tUne mere putra se kahI thI. gautama kI yaha prArthanA suna rAjA soca meM par3a gayA. soca-vicAra karane para usane RSi se kahA--yadi yahI vara cAhie to cirakAla taka vrata dhAraNa karake mere pAsa raho. niyata sAdhanA karane para rAjA ne use kahA-he gautama ! jisa vidyA ko tU lenA cAhatA hai, use maiM aba dene ko taiyAra hUM, parantu yaha vidyA pUrva kAla meM tujha se pahale brAhmaNoM ko prApta nahIM hotI thI, cUMki sAre dezoM meM kSatriyoM kA hI zAsana thA. kSatriya kSatriyoM ko hI sikhAte the.' yaha kahakara rAjA ne pAMca praznoM kA rahasya gautama ko batAnA zurU kara diyA. paNDita jayacanda vidyAlaMkAra aura DA0 pArjITara ke kathanAnusAra pAMcAla nareza pravAhaNa jaibali-janmejaya ke pautra azvamedha datta arthAt pANDavaputra arjuna kI pAMcavIM pIr3hI ke samakAlIna thA. isa taraha ukta vArtA kA samaya lagabhaga 14 sau IsavI pUrva honA cAhie. kaikeya azvapati kI kathA-kaikeya deza kA rAjA azvapati parIkSita aura janmejaya kA samakAlIna thA. kaikeya deza (Adhunika zAhapura jehalama gujarAta jilA) gAndhAra se ThIka pUrva meM saTA huA hai. kaikeya azvapati kI kIrti usakI sundara rAjyavyavasthA aura usake jJAna ke kAraNa saba ora phailI huI thI. eka bAra kA kathana hai ki upamanyu kA putra, prAcIna zAla, puluSi kA putra satyayajJa, mAlavI kA putra indradyumana, zarkarAkSa kA putra jana aura azvatarAzvi kA putra buDila jo bar3I-bar3I zAlAoM ke adhyakSa the aura mahAjJAnI the, Apasa meM milakara vicArane lage 'hamArA AtmA kauna hai ? brahma kyA vastu hai?' unhoMne nizcaya kiyA ki ina praznoM kA uttara varuNavaMzIya uddAlaka RSi hI de sakatA hai, vaha hI isa samaya AtmA ke jJAna ko jAnatA hai, calo usake pAsa caleM. una AgantukoM ko dekha uddAlaka RSi ne vicAra kiyA ki ye sabhI RSi mahAzAlA vAle haiM aura mahAzrotriya haiM, una ko uttara dene ke liye maiM samartha nahIM hU~. usane kahA ki isa samaya kaikeya azvapati hI AtmA kA saba prakAra jJAtA hai, Ao usake pAsa caleM. vahAM pahuMcane para azvapati ne unakA satkAra kiyA aura kahA : 'mere deza meM na koI cora hai, na kRpaNa, na zarAbI, na agnihotra rahita, na koI apar3ha hai aura na vyabhicArI, vyabhicAriNI to hogI hI kahAM se ?' Apa isa puNya deza meM ThahareM. maiM yajJa karane vAlA hU~. Apa usameM Rtvija baneM, maiM Apako bahuta dakSiNA dUMgA. unhoMne kahAhama Apase dakSiNA lene nahIM Aye haiM, hama to Apase AtmajJAna lene Aye haiM. azvapati ne unheM agale dina savere upadeza dene kA vAyadA kiyA. agale dina prAtaHkAla ve samidhAe~ hAthoM meM liye usake pAsa pahu~ce aura azvapati ne unheM AtmajJAna diyA. ajAtazatru kI kathA-kAzInareza ajAtazatru, videha ke rAjA janaka ugrasena tathA kururAja janamejaya ke putra zatAnIka kA samakAlIna thA. vaha apane samaya kA eka mAnA huA AtmajJAnI thA aura jJAna kI carcA meM abhiruci rakhane vAle vidvAnoM kA bhakta thA. eka bAra AtmavidyAbhimAnI gargagotrIya dRpta bAlAki nAma vAlA brAhmaNa RSi uzInara (bahAvala pura kA pradeza) matsya (jayapura rAjya) kUru (meraTha jilA) pAMcAla, (ruhelakhaNDa, AgarA kA ilAkA) kAzI, videha, 1. 'saha kRcchI babhUva. ta ha ciraM vasetyAjJApayAMcakAra. te ho kAcayathA mAM tvaM gautamAvado yatheyaM na prAk tvata: purA vidhA brAhmaNAn gacchati. tasmAt sarveSu lokepu kSatrasyaiva prazAsanamabhUditi. -chAM0 upa0 5-3-7. 2. bhAratIya itihAsa kI rUparekhA-jilda prathama, pRSTha 286. 3. chA0 upa05-11, 12. mahAbhArata zAntiparva adhyAya 77. 4. bhAratIya itihAsa kI rUparekhA. jilda prathama, pR0 286. 5. (a) bRhadAraNyaka upaniSat 2, 1. (A) kauSItaki brAhmaNopaniSat adhyAya 4.
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________________ 4888 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya (tirahuta, bihAra) meM se ghUmatA huA kAzIrAja ajAtazatru ke pAsa AtmacarcA ke liye pahuMcA aura kahane lagA ki maiM tujhe brahma kI bAta batAU~gA. ajAtazatru ne kahA ki yadi tuma brahma kI vyAkhyA kara pAoge to maiM tumheM eka hajAra gAyeM dakSiNA meM dUMgA. gArgya ne vyAkhyA karanI cAhI parantu vaha saphala na huA. usakA Aja taka kA zikSaNa Adhidaivika paramparA meM huA thA. ataH svabhAvataH usakI dRSTi bAhyamukhI thI. usane bAhya ke mahimAvAna padArthoM meM brahma kA sAkSAtkAra karate hue kahA - 'yaha jo sUryamaNDala meM puruSa hai, yaha jo candramaNDala meM puruSa hai, yaha jo vidyunmaNDala meM puruSa hai, yaha jo meghamaNDala meM puruSa hai, yaha jo AkAzamaNDala meM puruSa hai, yaha jo vAyumaNDala meM puruSa hai, yaha jo agnimaNDala meM puruSa hai, yaha jo janamaNDala meM puruSa hai, yaha jo darpaNa meM puruSa hai, yaha jo pratidhvani meM puruSa hai, yaha jo chAyA meM puruSa hai, isI kI maiM brahmarUpa se upAsanA karatA hUM. yaha jo zarIra hai, yaha jo prajJA hai, yaha jo dAhine netra meM puruSa hai, yaha jo bAyeM netra meM puruSa hai, isI kI maiM brahmarUpa se upAsanA karatA hUM.' itanA kucha kahane para ajAtazatru ne kahA ki kyA itanA hI terA brahmajJAna hai ? isa para gArgya ne kahA- hAM itanA hI.' taba ajAtazatru ne kahA ki tu vRthA hI mujha se brahma kA saMvAda karane AyA hai, inameM se koI bhI brahma nahIM hai. ye saba to usake karma mAtra haiM. inakA jo kartA hai vaha jAnane yogya hai. tadanantara hAtha meM samidhA le usake pAsa jAkara bolA- 'maiM tere pAsa ziSya bhAva se AyA hUM, tU mujhe AtmavidyA kA upadeza de' taba ajAtazatru ne use batAyA ki jaise kSuradhAna meM kSura, kASTha meM agni sarvatra vyApta hai, aise hI zarIra meM nakha se zikhA taka AtmA vyApta hai. usa sAkSI AtmA kA ye vAk, mana, netra, karNa pAdi sabhI indriyAM anugata sevaka kI taraha anusaraNa karatI haiM. jaise eka dhanI puruSa kA usake Azrita rahane vAle svajana anuvartana karate haiM. sote samaya ye sabhI zaktiyAM AtmA meM lIna ho jAtI haiM aura usake jAgane para agni meM se nikalane vAlI cinagAriyoM ke samAna ye samasta zaktiyAM nikala kara apane-apane kAma meM laga jAtI haiM. sanatkumAra kI kathA' - eka samaya nArada mahAtmA ne sanatkumAra ke pAsa jAkara kahA - 'he bhagavan ! mujhe brahmavidyA par3hAiye.' sanatkumAra ne usako kahA - 'pahale jo kucha tU jAnatA hai, mere samIpa baiThakara mujhe sunAde. usake bAda maiM tujhe batAUMgA.' nArada ne kahA- 'bhagavan ! maiM Rgveda ko jAnatA hUM, yajurveda ko, sAmaveda ko,' cauthe atharvaveda ko pAMcaveM itihAsa-purANa ko vedoM ke veda vyAkaraNa ko pitRvijJAna ko, gaNita zAstra ko bhAgyavijJAna ko, nivijJAna ko tarkazAstra ko, nItizAstra ko devavidyA ko bhaktidhArako bhUtavidyA ko dhanuvidyA ko jyotiSa, sarpavidyA, saMgIta, nRtyavidyA ko jAnatA hUM. he bhagavan ! ina samasta vidyAoM se sampanna maiM mantravit hI hUM parantu AtmA kA jJAtA nahIM hUM. maiMne Apa jaise mahApuruSoM se sunA hai ki jo Atmavit hotA hai vaha janma-maraNa ke zoka ko tara jAtA hai, parantu bhagavan ! maiM abhI taka zoka meM DUbA huA hU~. mujhe zoka se pAra kara deveM.' sanatkumAra ne nArada se kahA- 'tumane Ajataka jo kucha adhyayana kiyA hai vaha nAma mAtra hI hai. isake uparAnta sanatkumAra ne AtmavidyA dekara nArada ko santuSTa kiyA. vaivasvata yama aura naciketA kI gAthA -kaTha upaniSat meM audAnika ANi gautama ke putra naciketA RSi kI eka kathA dI huI hai. eka bAra naciketA, jo janma se hI bar3A tyAgI aura vicArazIla thA, apane pitA ke saMkucita vyavahAra se rUTha kara bhAga gayA. vaha zAntilAbha ke liye vaivasvata yama ke ghara pahuMcA, para usa samaya vaivasvata bAhara gayA huA thA. usake bAhara jAne ke kAraNa naciketA ko tIna rAta bhUkhA rahanA par3A. vApisa Ane para ghara meM bhUkhe atithi ko dekhakara yama ko bar3A kheda huA. apane doSa kI nivRtti yama ne naciketA ko tIna rAta ke kaSTa ke badale tIna vara mAMgane ke liye kahA. naciketA ke mA~ge huye pahale do vara yama ne use turanta hI diye. phira naciketA ne tIsarA vara isa prakAra mAMgA'yaha jo marane ke bAda manuSya ke viSaya meM sandeha hai-- koI kahate haiM ki rahatA hai, koI koI kahate haiM ki nahIM rahatA, yaha Apa mujhe samajhAdeM ki asala bAta kyA hai ? yahI merA tIsarA vara hai. isa vara ko sunakara yama bolA- ' isa viSaya meM to purAne devajana arthAt viprajana bhI sandeha karate rahe haiM. isakA jAnanA 1. chAMdogya upaniSad, sAtavAM prapAThaka pahalA khaeDa. Jain E Ras ina -- wbrary.org
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________________ jayabhagavAna jaina : vedottarakAla meM brahmavidyA kI punarjAgRti : 481 sugama nahIM hai. yaha viSaya bahuta sUkSma hai. naciketA ! tuma koI dUsarA vara mAMga lo, ise chor3a do, mujhe bahuta vivaza na karo. ' isa para naciketA ne kahA--' nizcaya se hI yadi devoM ne bhI isameM sandeha kiyA hai aura Apa svayaM bhI ise sugama nahIM kahate to Apa jaisA isakA vaktA dUsarA kauna mila sakatA hai, isake samAna dUsarA vara bhI kyA ho sakatA hai ?" yama ne parIkSArtha yaha jAnane ke liye ki naciketA AtmajJAna kA adhikArI hai yA nahIM, use bahuta se pralobhana diye. he naciketA ! tU sau varSa kI Ayu vAle puna aura pautra mAMga, bahuta se pazu hAthI, ghor3e aura sonA mAMga, bhUmi kA bahuta bar3A bhAga mAMga aura jabataka tU jInA cAhe utanI Ayu kA vara mAMga. tU isa vizAla bhUmi kA rAjA bana jA. jo bhI kAmanAyeM tU isa loka meM durlabha samajha rahA hai ve sabhI jI kholakara tU mujha se mAMga. rathoM aura bAjoM sahita ye alabhya ramaNiyAM terI sevA ke liye detA hUM. ina sabhI vastuoM ko le le, parantu he naciketA ! marane ke anantara kI bAta mujha se na pUcha. ' para naciketA ina pralobhanoM se tanika bhI bhrama meM na par3A. vaha bolA- 'he yama ! ye saba upabhoga ke sAmAna do dina ke haiM, ye saba indriyoM kA teja naSTa karane vAle haiM. jIvana alpakAla taka hI rahane vAlA hai. isaliye ye saba nAca-gAna, hAthIghor3e mujhe nahIM cAhie, dhana se kabhI tRpti nahIM hotI. mujhe to vahI vara cAhie.' naciketA kI isa saccI lagana ko dekha yama vivaza ho gayA. usane anta meM janma-maraNa sambandhI AtmajJAna de naciketA ke chaTapaTAye hue dila ko zAnti dI. uparokta kathA meM jisa naciketA kA ullekha hai vaha kaTha jAti kA brAhmaNa mAlUma hotA hai. prAcIna kAla meM yaha jAti paMjAba ke uttara kI ora rAvI nadI se pUrva vAle deza meM, jise Ajakala mAMjhA ( lAhaura, amRtasara vAlA deza ) kahate haiM, rahA karatI thI. isI kAraNa isa deza kA purAnA nAma kaTha hai.' uparyukta kathA ke samaya yaha jAti madhyadeza arthAt AryakhaNDa meM basI huI thI. yama aura yamaloka - vaivasvata yama, jisake pAsa naciketA jJAna prApti ke liye gayA thA, usa magadha dezavAsI sUryavaMzI yama zAkhA kA eka kSatriya rAjA mAlUma hotA hai, jisane madhyadeza ke dakSiNa kI ora eka svatantra janapada kAyama kara liyA thA. jaina paramparA ke anusAra isa zAkhA kA mUla saMsthApaka Adi brahmA vRSabha apara nAma vivasvata manu kA putra bAhubalI thA. Adi brahmA ne pravrajyA lene se pahale bhAratabhUmi kA baMTavArA kara uttara bhArata kA rAjya apane jyeSTha putra bharata ko aura dakSiNa kA bhAga bAhubalI ko de diyA thA. bAhubalI ne dakSiNa ke azamaka (karNATaka) deza ke podanapura sthAna para apanI rAjadhAnI basA lI thI. bAhubalI pIche se rAjya chor3a tyAgI tapasvI ho gayA thA aura usane eka sAla paryanta kAyotsarga mudrA meM khar3e rahakara mana vacana kAya tathA samasta indriyoM ke yamana dvArA aisI ghora tapasyA kI thI ki use dekha kara deva, asura, manuSya sabhI loga cakita ho gaye the. usa tapasyA ke dvArA usane yama va mRtyu kA sadA ke liye anta kara diyA thA. vaha mRtyu kI mRtyu bana gayA thA. 3 isaliye vaha loka meM yama nAma se prasiddha huA aura pIche se isa zAkhA ke rAjA yama va jama ke hI nAma se pukAre jAne lage. isa taraha yaha unakI eka paramparAgata upAdhi bana gaI aura karNATaka deza yamaloka ke nAmase prasiddha huA. isIlie bhAratIya anubhuti meM dakSiNa kA adhiSThAtA devatA yama kahA gayA hai yama pIche 4 1. jayacanda vidyAlaMkAra - bhAratIya itihAsa kI rUparekhA prathama jilda pR0 260. 2. (ka) vindhayagiri parvata kA zilAlekha -lagabhaga zaka saM0 1102 vAlA jaina zilAzekha saMgraha prathama bhAga pR0 166-175. (kha) nava sadI kA zrIguNabhadrAcArya viracita uttarapurANa. (ga) chaThI sadI ke pUjyapAda svAmI ne apane nirvANa bhakti grantha meM vidhyagiri ke podanapura nagara kA siddhatIrtha ke rUpa meM ullekha kiyA hai. (gha) vi0 saM0 1285 kA zrImadanakIrti yati dvArA racita zAsanacaturviMzikA | 2| 3. atharvaveda 8.10, 4. 6, meM yama ko mRtyu kA Adi antaka kahA gayA hai aura use pitaroM meM sabase pramukha pitra batAyA gayA hai. usakA svathA zabda pUrvaka zrAddha karane ko kahA gayA hai. 4. vRhadAraNyaka upaniSat 3. 6, 21. Jain Educationational Frival &sonals Only
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________________ ------------------0-0--0- 460 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya se kisI vizeSa vyakti kA nAma na rahakara usa zAkhA ke rAjAoM kI upAdhi bana gaI thI. sUryavaMzI kSatriyoM kI yaha yama zAkhA apanI dAna-dakSiNA, nyAyazIlatA aura jJAnacarcA ke liye bahuta prasiddha thI. isI kAraNa isa zAkhA kA ullekha zatapatha brAhmaNa 13, 4, 3, 6.' aura Rgveda ke dasaveM maNDala ke dasaveM sUkta tathA atharva 18 kANDa ke pahale sUkta meM bhI bhI milatA hai. ukta ullekhoM se yama logoM kI jJAnalipsA va sabhyatA kA paryApta paricaya prApta hotA hai. IrAna kI dharmapustaka chanda-avastA (Zend Avesta) meM yama ko mitra kahA gayA hai tathA yama ko prathama rAjA evaM dharma aura sabhyatA kA saMsthApaka batalAyA gayA hai. vahAM yaha bhI ullikhita hai ki sadAcArI loga mitra ke sAtha ahuramajada (asuramahatavRSabha) kA bhI darzana karate haiM. vaidika sAhitya ke anurUpa hI chanda avasta meM yama ke pitA kA nAma viyasvata (visvata) diyA huA hai aura yamapurI ko dharmAtmA logoM kI nivAsabhUmi batalAyA gayA hai. adhyAtmavidyA kI zikSA-dIkSA paddhati-ullikhita AkhyAnoM se yaha spaSTa hai ki bhArata meM adhyAtma vidyA ke vAstavika jAnakAra kSatriya loga the. paramparA se unhIM logoM meM adhyAtma tattvoM kA manana hotA calA A rahA thA aura unhIM ke mahApuruSa ghara-bAra chor3a bhikSu bana jaMgaloM meM rahate hue tapa dhyAna zraddhA dvArA Atma-sAdhanA kiyA karate the.' unhoMne yaha vidyA usa samaya taka brAhmaNa logoM ko na dI jaba taka unheM parIkSA karake yaha vizvAsa na ho gayA ki ve (brAhmaNa) loga zuddha buddhi namrabhAva evaM ziSya vRtti se ise grahaNa karane ke liye utsuka haiM. adhyAtmabodha pAne ke liye parigraha se virakti aura mana vacana kAya kI zuddhi kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| isI sAdhanA ke artha pAtaMjalayoga darzana meM yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma, pratyAhAra, dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi rUpa aSTAMga mArga kI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai. adhyAtmavidyA anadhikArI ke hAthoM meM par3akara dUSita na ho jAya. isa vicAra se adhyAtmavAdI kSatriyoM kA sadA yaha niyama rahA hai ki yaha vidyA zraddhAlu aura zAntacita ziSyoM ke sivAya kisI aura ko na dI jAya, cAhe vaha sAgara se ghirI dhanapUrNa sampUrNa pRthvI bhI puraskAra meM dene ko taiyAra ho. isI kAraNa upaniSadoM meM adhyAtmavidyA ko rahasyavidyA va guhyavidyA kahA gayA hai. svayaM upaniSat (upa+niSat) zabda kA artha hai pUjya puruSoM ke caraNoM meM raha kara unake sAnnidhya se prApta hone vAlI vidyA, arthAt vaha rahasya vidyA jo guru ke nikaTa raha kara sAkSAt unakI vANI aura jIvana se grahaNa kI jAtI hai. isa prakAra vinIta, zraddhAlu aura antevAsI ziSyoM ko ekAnta meM maukhika rUpa se AdhyAtmika zikSA dene kI prathA kevala upaniSatkAla meM hI pracalita na thI, balki yaha prathA bhArata ke zaiva, zAkta, jaina, bauddha Adi adhyAtmavAdI logoM meM Aja taka bhI pracalita hai. isI prathA kA phala hai ki Aja se pacAsa varSa pahale 1. yamo vaivasvato rAjenyAha0 zata-bA0 13, 4, 3, 6 arthAt vivasvata ke putra yama rAjA ne kahA hai. 2. tapaH zraddhe ye hyapavasantyaraNye zAntA vidvAMso bhecyacaryA carantaH / sUryadvAreNa te virajAH prayAnti yatrAmRtaH sa puruSo hyavyayAtmA / muNDaka upa0 1, 2,11 / / 3. vibhetyalpazrutAd vedo, mAmayaM prahariSyati-mahAbhArata, Adiparva 1-267, arthAt veda alpazruta se DaratA hai ki kahIM yaha mujhe bigAr3a na de. 4. (a) vedAntaM paramaM guhya, purAkAle pracoditam / nAprazAntAya dAtavyaM nAputrAya ziSyAya vA punaH / yasya deve parA bhaktiryathA deve tathA gurau / tasyaite kathitAsyArthAH prakAzante mahAtmanaH / / zvetAzvatara upa06-22-23. (A) idaM vAva tajyeSThAya putrAya pitA brahma prabrUyAt, prANAdhyAya vAntevAsine | nAnyasmai kasmaicana, yadyaSyasyA imAmaddhi : parigRhItAM dhanasya pUrNAM dadyAt , etadeva tato bhUya ityetadeva tato bhUya iti-chAndogya upa03-11-5-6. (i) muNDaka upaniSad-3, 2,10 / 1, 2, 13 . (I) yAskAcAryakRta nirukta 2-1. Jain Educa S .org
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________________ 6-6-6-6-6-6--0--0--0-6 jayabhagavAna jaina : vedottarakAla meM brahmavidyA kI punarjAgRti :: 461 taka avinaya ke bhaya se jaina vidvAnoM ko apanA sAhitya dUsaroM ko dikhAnA yA use mudrita karAnA taka bhI sahya, ne thA. isI kAraNa jaina sAhitya kA paricaya bAhara ke vidvAnoM ko Aja taka bahuta kama ho pAyA hai. prazna ho sakatA hai ki ye jijJAsu brAhmaNa vidvAna brahmavidyA sIkhane ke liye una vanavAsI tyAgI tapasvI yatiyoM ke pAsa kyoM nahIM gaye jo sAkSAt dharmamUrti aura brahmavidyA kI nidhi the? unheM chor3a kara ve gRhastha kSatriya rAjAoM ke pAsa kyoM gaye ? isakA uttara sambhavataH yahI ho sakatA hai ki brAhmaNa jana usa samaya brahmavidyA kI khoja meM na kevala adhyAtmadhanI kSatriya kuloM meM pratyuta yatiyoM ke pAsa bhI pahuMca rahe the, parantu jo jijJAsu yatiyoM ke samparka meM Aye, ve brahmavidyA ke jJAnamAtra se santuSTa na hokara svayaM yatiyoM ke samAna AtmasAdhanA meM laga gaye. unhoMne brahmavidyA ke tattvoM ko saMkalana karane aura sAhityika rUpa meM peza karane kA koI yatna nahIM kiyA. kevala ve vidvAn hI jo kSatriyagharAnoM se brahmavidyA grahaNa karane ke bAda bhI gRhastha jIvana bitAte rahe, ina tattvoM ko AkhyAnoM ke rUpa meM surakSita rakhane kA parizrama karate rahe. isa kAraNa upaniSadoM meM unake AkhyAna Aja bhI upalabdha haiM. lipibodha aura likhita sAhitya-sindha aura paMjAba ke mohanajodar3o aura har3appA Adi purAne nagaroM ke khaMDaharoM se prApta moharoM ke abhilekhoM se yaha siddha hai ki bhAratIya loga IsA pUrva 3000 varSa se bhI pahale lipividyA aura lekhanakalA se bhalIbhAMti paricita the, parantu jaisA ki anya pramANoM se siddha hai, ve isa lekhanakalA kA prayoga AdhyAtmika tattvoM tathA paurANika gAthAoM ke saMkalana ke hetu na karake kevala mudrAMkana va laukika vyavasAya ke liye hI karate the.' adhyAtmavidyA ke pracAra aura prasAra ke liye ve maukhika zabdoM se hI kAma lete the aura ziSya-praziSya paramparA se hI vaha maukhika jJAna agrasara hotA jAtA thA. isIlie usa kAla meM vividha vidyAoM tathA dhArmika aura paurANika tathyoM kA bodha zruti va zrutajJAna ke nAma se prasiddha thA. athavA guru-ziSya paramparA se vidyAoM ke padoM ko bAra-bAra ghokha kara jabAnI yAda rakhA jAtA thA. isalie abhyAsa dvArA jabAnI yAda rakhI huI vidyA ko AmnAya kahA jAtA thA. prAcIna bhAratIya sAhitya meM dharmazikSaNa sambandhI graMthalekhana va paThana kA koI ullekha nahIM milatA-kevala pravacana aura zravaNa kA hI ullekha milatA hai. (kaTha0 upa0 2-2-23) jo zrotA saMtoM kI saMgata meM rahakara pravacana sunane meM praryApta samaya bitAte the, ve dIrghazruta va bahuzruta kahalAte the. (chAMdo0 10-7-32) dUsarI IsvI sadI ke prasiddha jaina graMtha tattvArtha sUtra 6-25 taka meM svAdhyAya ke aMgoM kA varNana karate hue vAcanA pRcchA, anuprekSA, AmnAya aura dharmopadeza kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, paThana kA nahIM. jaisA ki yUnAnI dUta maigAsthanIja ke vRttAntoM se vidita hai, IsA se 300 varSa pUrva maurya zAsanakAla taka bhAratIya logoM ke pAsa apane koI likhe kAnUna taka maujUda na the. isI taraha bauddha AcAryoM ne yadyapi apane AgamasAhitya ko 240 IsA pUrva meM saMkalita kara liyA thA parantu isa samaya ke bahuta bAda taka bhI ve likhita sAhitya kA sRjana na kara sake. bhArata meM sabase purAne dhArmika abhilekha, jo Aja taka upalabdha ho pAye haiM ve haiM jo azoka kI dharmalipi ke nAma se prasiddha haiM. ye samrATa azoka ne apane zAsana kAla meM tIsarI sadI IsvI pUrva stambhoM va zilA-khaNDoM para aMkita karAye the. likhita sAhitya ke abhAva ke kaI kAraNa ho sakate haiM. eka to yogya lekhana sAmagrI aura khAsakara kAgaja kA abhAva, dUsare vidvAnoM kI mahattvAkAMkSA aura saMkIrNatA ki kahIM dUsare bhI par3ha likha kara una jaise vidvAn na bana jAveM. tIsare zikSA-dIkSA kI prAcIna paddhati. Upara vAle kAraNoM meM se tIsarA kAraNa hI isa abhAva kA pramukha kAraNa mAnA jAtA hai. zikSA-dIkSA kI isa prAcIna paddhati ke kAraNa hI bhArata ke tattvavettA kSatriya vidvAnoM ne likhita racanAyeM karane kA prayAsa nahIM kiyA. adhyAtmavidyA hI kyA, itihAsavidyA, purANa vidyA, sarpavidyA, pizAcavidyA, asuravidyA, vizvavidyA, aMgirasa vidyA, bhUtavidya, pitRvijJAna, brahmavidyA, zabdoccAraNa vidyA, gAthA Adi bhArata kI aneka purAnI vidyAoM kA 1. Dr. winternitiz-History of Indian Literature Vol. I, Introduction. pp. 31-40. 2. Ancient India as described by Megsthnees-by Macrindle, 1877, p. 69. 3. kucha vidvAnoM kA yaha mata hai ki ye samasta abhilekha azoka ke nahIM balki inameM kucha usake pautra samrATa samprati ke haiM. Jain Ecatio internal Forvate persoa w.sineNary.org
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________________ -0-0-0--0-0-0-0-0-0-0 42 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya bhI, jinakA nAma mAtra prasaMgavaza vaidika vAGmaya' meM milatA hai aura jinakA savistAra nirdeza jaina vAGmaya ke 14 pUrvo ke kathana meM diyA huA hai, koI likhita sAhitya maujUda nahIM hai. ati (zruti jJAna) kI paramparA vaidika sUktoM se bhI ati prAcIna hai-vaidika paramparA meM sAdhAraNatayA vedasaMhitAoM, brAhma AraNyaka aura upaniSadoM ko zruti kI saMjJA dI jAtI hai aura taduparAnta zeSa hindu sAhitya ko, jisameM zrotra sUtra, grahma sUtra, kalpasUtra, smRtigraMtha Adi sammilita haiM, una sabhI ko smRti kI saMjJA dI jAtI hai, parantu vAstava meM inameM se koI bhI racanA 'zruti' kahalAne kI adhikArI nahIM hai. bhArata kI sabhI prAcIna vaidika tathA zramaNa anuzrutiyoM ke anusAra bhAratIya jana kI sadA hI yaha aTa dhAraNA rahI hai ki sabhI jJAna vijJAna aura kalA sambandhI vidyAoM kA mUla srota Adi brahmA, AdipuruSa, Adi prajApati svayaMbhU brahmA haiM. Adi brahmA ke jina ziSyoM praziSyoM kI praNAlI dvArA ye vidyAyeM hama taka pahuMcI haiM unake anuvaMzoM kA ullekha tat-tat vidyA sambandhI sabhI prAcIna racanAoM meM bhinna-bhinna DhaMga se kiyA gayA hai| ina racanAoM ke atirikta Adi brahmA kI vANI ke dvArA kathita jIvana-jagata sambandhI aneka tAttvika, dhArmika, paurANika, aura aitihAsika tathya jo vaidika AryajanoM ke Agamana ke pUrva yahA~ ke dasyujanoM ko prApta the jinheM ve svayambhU-kathita hone se zraddheya mAna kara kaMThastha kiye huye the, kAlapravAha meM bahate-bahate santatiprasantati krama se Aye manIviSayoM ko bhI sunane ko mile hoM. veda sUktoM ke nirmAtA RSiyoM ne apane sUktoM meM gUMthe hue tathyoM kI prAmANikatA-puSTi meM sthAna-sthAna para ina zrutiyoM kI ora saMketa karate hue 'zrayate zrutam' Adi zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA hai. ina udAharaNoM se patA lagatA hai ki zrutijJAna vedasaMhitAoM meM saMkalita sUtroM se bhI prAcIna hai. ye zrutiyA~ Apta-vacana hone ke kAraNa tattvataH pramANa mAnI jAtI rahI haiM. aura ina zrutiyoM para AdhArita hone ke kAraNa veda-sUktoM ko bhI zruti kahA jAne lagA hai. brAhmaNoM kA zreya-isa abhAva para se kucha vidvAnoM ne yaha mata nirdhArita kara liyA hai ki aupaniSadika kAla se pahale bhAratIya logoM ko AtmavidyA kA koI bodha na thA. bhArata meM adhyAtmavidyA kA janma upaniSadoM kI racanA ke sAthasAtha yA usase kucha pahale se huA hai. unakA yaha mata kitanA bhramapUrNa hai yaha Upara vAle vivecana se bhalIbhAMti siddha hai. aupaniSadika kAla AtmavidyA kA janmakAla nahIM hai. AtmavidyA to vaidika AryagaNa ke Ane se bhI bahuta pahale balki yoM kahie ki sindha ghATI kI 3000 varSa IsA pUrva mohanajodar3okAlIna AdhyAtmika meM saMskRti se bhI pahale yahA~ ke vrAtya yati, zramaNa, jina, atithi, haMsa Adi kahalAne vAle yogI janoM ke jIvana pravRtta meM ho rahI thI. aupaniSadika kAla to usa yuga kA smAraka hai jaba brAhmaNa vidvAnoM kI niSThA vaidika trividyA (Rk, yajuH sAma) se uThakara AtmavidyA kI 1. atharva veda 15-1(6) 7-12. gopathabrAhmaNa parva 1-10. zatapatha grA0 14-5-4-10. bRhadAraNyaka upa0 2.4, 10. chAndogya 7, 1, 2. zAMkhAyana zrauta sUtra 162. AzvalAyana zrauta sUtra 10, 7. atharva veda 11-7-24 zatapatha brA0 13-4-3. 3-14. 2. (a) paTakhagaDAgama-dhavalA TIkA jilda 1 amarAvatI san 1938 pR0 107124 (A) samavAyAMga sUtra. (i) sthAnAMga (I) nandIsUtra (u) pAkSika sUtra (3) AThavIM sadI ke zrIjinasenAcAryakRta harivaMzapurANa 10 11-143, (e) AThavIM sadI ke svAmI jinasena kRta mahApurANa 2-198-113-34, 135-147. (2) aMgapaNNatti-zubhacandrAcArya kRta (o) tattvArthasAradIpikA-bhaTTAraka sakalakIrtikRta 3. (ka) Rgveda 10-60-6. (kha) zatapatha brAhmaNa antargata vaMza brAhmaNa 14-6-4, 14, 5, 16-22. (gha) bRhadAraNyaka upaniSad 2, 6, 6, 5. (Da) chAndogya upaniSad 3, 51, 4, 8, 15, 1. (ca) muNDaka upa01,1-2, 2,1,6. (cha) mahA zAnti parva 346, 51-53 bhagavadgItA 4, 1-2. (ja) caraka saMhitA-sUtra sthAna, prathama prAdhyAya. Y JainEduCitral aM Ste&PESHd 295ary.org
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________________ jayabhagavAna jaina : vedottarakAla meM brahmavidyA kI punarjAgRti : 413 0-0--0--0-0--0--0-0-0--0 ora jhukI aura AtmavidyA kSatriyoM kI sImA se nikala kara brAhmaNoM meM phailanI zurU huI. isa dizA meM brAhmaNa RSiyoM kA zreya isa bAta meM hai ki unhoMne sabase pahale bhArata ke AdhyAtmika darzana aura unake paurANika AkhyAnoM ko upaniSadoM, brahmasUtra, bhikSumUtra, yogadarzana va purANoM kI zakala meM saMkalita va lipibaddha karane kA parizrama kiyA. yadi ina ke dvArA saMkalita kI huI adhyAtmacarcAeM Aja hamAre pAsa na hotI to buddha aura mahAvIra kAla se pahale kI AdhyAtmika saMskRti kA sAhityika pramANa DhUMDhanA hamAre liye asambhava thA. jaina paramparAgata jo likhita sAhitya Aja upalabdha hai usakA Arambha mahAvIranirvANa ke 500 varSa bAda IsA pUrva kI pahalI sadI meM usa samaya huA jaba jaina AcAryoM ko yaha acchI taraha vidita ho gayA ki adhyAtmatattva bodha dinoM dina ghaTatA jA rahA hai aura yadi ise lipibaddha na kiyA gayA to rahA sahA bodha bhI lupta ho jAyagA,' adhyAtmavidyA sabhI logoM meM rahasya vidyA banakara rahI hai :-bhArata ke sabhI dharmazAstroM meM jagaha-jagaha adhikArI aura anadhikArI zrotAoM ke lakSaNa dete hue batalAyA gayA hai ki adhyAtmavidyA kA bakhAna unhIM ko kiyA jAya jo jitendriya aura prazAnta hoM, haMsa ke samAna zuddha vRtti vAle hoM, jo doSoM ko TAlakara kevala guNoM ko grahaNa karane vAle hoM.2 adhyAtmavidyA ko isa prakAra anadhikArI logoM se surakSita rakhane kA vidhAna kevala bhArata ke santoM taka hI sImita nahIM rahA hai. bhArata ke alAvA jina anya dezoM meM AdhyAtmika tattvoM kA prasAra huA hai, vahA~ ke AdhyAtmika santoM ne bhI isa vidyA ko anadhikArI logoM se bacA rakhane kA bharasaka yatna kiyA hai| Aja se lagabhaga 2000 varSa pUrva jaba pazcamI eziyA ke yahUdI logoM meM prabhu IsA ne AdhyAtmika tattvoM kI vivecanA zurU kI to bahuta viveka aura sAvadhAnI se (parablas) rUpakoM dvArA hI kI thI. isa liye ki kahIM ve apanI nAsamajhI se ina tattvoM ko bigAr3akara kucha kA kucha artha na lagA baiTheM aura phira virodha para utArU ho jAyeM. isIlie prabhu IsA ne isa bAta ko kaI sthaloM para doharAyA hai jo bahumUlya aura pavitra tattva haiM unheM zvAna aura varAhavRtti vAle logoM ke sAmane na rakhA jAya, kahIM ve unheM pAvoM se rauMda kara tumheM hI AghAta pahu~cAne ko udyata na ho jAe~.4 MA 1. SaTkhaeDAgama bhAga 1-DA0 hIrAlAla dvArA likhita prastAvanA. 2. (a) mahAbhArata zAntiparva adhyAya 246. (A) paTakhaeDAgama, dhavalA TIkA, jilda 1 gAthA 62-63. 3. (A) But without a parable spake he not unto them and when they were alone, he expoun ____ded all things to his desciples. Bible-Mark IX 34. (B) I will open my mouth in parbles. I will utter things which have been kept secret from the foundations of the world. Bible-Matthew XIII 35 4. (A) It is not meet to take the children's bread and to cast it unto thedogs. Bible. Mark VII. 27 (B) Give not that which is holy unto the dogs, neither cast your pearls before swine. Lest they trample them under their feet and turn again and rend you. Bible Matthew VII 6. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ sAdhvI zrInirmalAzrI risarca skaoNlara, prAkRta jaina vidyApITha, mujaphpharapura jainamatAnusAra abhAva-prameyamImAMsA pratyeka padArtha apane lakSaNa se hI jJAta hotA hai. ghaTa kI sajAtIya aura vijAtIya padArthoM se vyAvRtti karake jJAtA usakA jJAna karatA hai. yadi ghaTa kA jJAna karate samaya sajAtIya aura vijAtIya padArthoM kI vyAvRtti na kI jAya, to ghaTa ke nizcita rUpa kA jJAna nahIM ho sakatA hai. ataH sabhI padArtha sadasadAtmaka haiM. unameM sad aMza ko bhAva yA vidhi kahA jAtA hai (vidhiH sadaMza iti) aura asad aMza ko pratiSedha arthAt abhAva kahA jAtA hai. jaise pramANanayatattvAlokAlaMkAra meM vAdi-devasUri ne kahA hai---'pratiSedho'sadaMza iti'. yadi padArtha ko sadasadAtmaka na mAnA jAya kintu kevala sad rUpa hI mAnA jAya to kisI bhI vastu ke svarUpa kA jJAna nahIM ho sakegA, kyoMki pratyeka vastu abhAvarUpa aura vyAvRttirUpa hone para hI svarUpa-yukta kahI jAtI hai. isI taraha vastu ko sarvathA abhAva rUpa mAnA jAya to vastu kA svarUpa hI siddha nahIM hogA. ataeva pratyeka padArtha svarUpa se sat aura para rUpa se asat hone ke kAraNa bhAva aura abhAva rUpa hai. AcArya zrIhemacandra ne bhI apanI pramANamImAMsA meM isI bAta kA samarthana kiyA hai : sarvamasti svarUpeNa, para-rUpeNa nAsti ca / anyathA sarvasattvaM syAt svarUpasyApyasaMbhavaH / pratyeka vastu sva-svarUpa se vidyamAna hai aura para-svarUpa se avidyamAna hai. yadi vastu ko pararUpa se bhI bhAvarUpa svIkAra kiyA jAya to eka vastu ke sadbhAva meM saMpUrNa vastuoM kA sadbhAva mAnanA cAhie, aura yadi vastu ko svarUpa se bhI abhAvarUpa mAnA jAya to vastu ko sarvathA svabhAva-rahita mAnanA cAhie, jo ki vastusthiti se viparIta hai. arthAt yadi vastu ko abhAvAtmaka yAnI sarvathA zUnya hI mAnA jAya to vAkya kA bhI abhAva hone se--abhAvAtmaka tattvakI svayaM pratIti kaise hogI? tathA dUsare ko kaise samajhAyA jAyagA? svapratipatti kA sAdhana hai bodha, tathA para-pratipatti kA upAya hai vAvaya. ina donoM ke abhAva meM svapakSa kA sAdhana aura para-pakSa kA dUSaNa kaise ho sakegA ? isa taraha vicAra karane se loka kA pratyeka padArtha bhAvAbhAvAtmaka pratIta hotA hai. jo vAdI vastu ko para-rUpa se asat nahIM mAnate haiM, unheM ghaTa ko sarvAtmaka mAnanA cAhie, kyoMki ghaTa jisa taraha svarUpa se sat hai, yadi usI taraha pararUpa se bhI sat ho to ghaTa kisI bhI rUpa se asat na hone ke kAraNa usa (ghaTa) ko sarvAtmaka mAnanA cAhie, kintu vastusthiti vaisI nahIM hai. ataH pararUpa se asat mAnane se hI padArtha ke nizcita svarUpa kA jJAna ho sakatA hai. sva-sattva ko hI para-asattva nahIM kahA jA sakatA, kyoMki vidhi aura pratiSedha do virodhI dharma haiM; yadi kahA jAya ki jainasiddhAntAnusAra bhI eka hI jagaha vidhi aura pratiSedha mAnA jAtA hai to yaha kathana bhI ucita nahIM hai| kyoMki jaina vastu ke jisa aMza ko sat mAnate haiM usI aMza ko asat nahIM mAnate haiM, tathA usake jisa aMza ko asat mAnate haiM, usI aMza ko sat nahIM mAnate haiM. jaina siddhAntAnusAra vastu na sat hai, na asat ; para sadasadAtmaka 1. tRtIya pariccheda, sUtra 57. 2. pR0 12. 9 LY Jain education tema FOR Private & Personal use
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________________ sAdhvI nirmalAzrI : jainamatAnusAra abhAva prameyamImAMsA : 465 jAtyantara hai. vaha svadravya, kSetra kAla aura bhAva rUpa se sat hai aura para dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva rUpa se asat hai. ataH virodha ke liye koI sthAna nahIM hai. vastusvarUpa kA jJAna prApta karane ke liye bhAva padArtha se atyanta bhinna anyonyAbhAva nAmaka svataMtra padArtha mAnane se hI kAma cala sakatA hai, ataH vastu ko bhAvAbhAvAtmaka mAnane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai - yaha zaMkA bhI ucita nahIM, kyoMki yadi vastu ko para rUpa se abhAvAtmaka nahIM mAnA jAya, to paTa Adi ke abhAva ko ghaTa nahIM kaha sakane ke - kAraNa ghaTa ko paTarUpa mAnanA par3egA. jaise ghaTAbhAva se bhinna hone ke kAraNa ghaTa ko ghaTa kaha sakate haiM, vaise hI paTa ko bhI ghaTAbhAva se bhinna hone ke kAraNa ghaTa mAnanA cAhie. 9 tAtparya yaha hai ki nyAya-vaizeSika ke anusAra anyonyAbhAva ko do padArthoM kI svataMtra sthiti meM kAraNa mAnA jAtA hai, aura yaha bheda svayaM eka svataMtra padArtha hai. usake anusAra jahAM ghaTa kA abhAva nahIM rahatA vahAM ghaTa kA nizcaya hotA hai. para yaha mAnyatA ThIka nahIM hai. nyAya-vaizeSika ke anusAra paTa Adi ghaTa ke abhAvarUpa nahIM haiM, isalie paTa Adi ke ghaTa ke abhAva se bhinna hone para paTAdi meM bhI ghaTa kA jJAna honA cAhie. jaina siddhAntAnusAra ghaTa ko ghaTa ke atirikta sabhI padArthoM kA abhAvarUpa svIkAra gayA hai. ataH ghaTapaTAdi ke bhI abhAva svarUpa hone se ghaTa meM paTa kA jJAna nahIM ho sakatA, isalie sva-pararUpa se sadasadAtmaka saba padArthoM ko svIkAra karanA cAhie, anyathA pratiniyata rUpa vyavasthA kI anupapatti hogI. nyAyamudacandra meM AcArya prabhAcandra ne kahA hai rAmakA sarve bhAvAH pratipa pratiniyata rUpavyavasthAnyayAnupapatteH' yadi kahA jAya ki pratiniyatarUpa vyavasthA kI anupapatti nahIM hogI, kyoMki pUrvakathita itaretarAbhAva se usakI vyavasthA ho jAyagI to yahAM prazna uThatA hai ki yaha itaretarAbhAva svatantra hai ki bhAva kA dharma hai ? itaretarAbhAva svataMtra nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki apane svAtaMtrya ke liye vaha dUsare itaretarAbhAva kI apekSA rakhegA aura dUsarA tIsare kI, tIsarA cauthe kI ityAdi, aura isa prakAra anavasthA hone ke kAraNa itaretarAbhAva kA svataMtra astitva hI siddha nahIM ho sakegA. taba kyA vaha bhAva kA dharma hai ? itaretarAbhAvako bhAvapadArtha kA dharma svIkAra karane para prazna hogA - kisa bhAva kA dharma hai ? ghaTa kA, bhUtala kA yA ubhaya kA ?- -yadi itaretarAbhAva ko ghaTa rUpa bhAvapadArtha kA dharma mAnA jAya to bhI prazna uThatA hai ki vaha ghaTasvarUpa kA niSedhaka hai yA nahIM ? yadi use niSedhaka mAnA jAya to phira prazna hogA ki ghaTa meM hI ghaTasvarUpa kA vaha niSedhaka hai yA bhUtala meM ghaTasvarUpa kA ? itaretarAbhAva ko ghaTa meM ghaTasvarUpa kA niSedhaka mAnanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane para ghaTa kI sattA hI asiddha ho jAyagI aura usa paristhiti meM vaha itaretarAbhAva kisa bhAva padArtha kA dharma hogA ? aura "bhUtale ghaTo nAsti" yaha pratIti bhI kaise hogI ? kyoMki ghaTa meM hI usa pratIti kA prasaMga hogA. yadi Apa itaretarAbhAva ko bhUtala meM ghaTasvarUpa kA niSedhaka mAneMge to yaha jaina mata svIkAra karanA hogA, kAraNa jaina darzana ke anusAra ghaTAbhAva ghaTadharma hotA huA hI bhUtala meM ghaTasvarUpa kA niSedhaka hotA hai. yadi itaretarAbhAva ko ghaTasvarUpa kA aniSedhaka mAnA jAya to bhUtala meM bhI ghaTasvarUpa kA prasaMga hone se abhAva - kalpanA vyartha ho jAyagI. bhUtala kA dharma bhI use nahIM mAna sakate kyoMki 'ghaTossti' ityAkAraka astitA pratIti ke viSayabhUta 'astitA' kI taraha samAna 'ghaTo nAsti' ityAkAraka 'nAstitA' pratIti kA viSayabhUta nAstitA dharma bhI ghaTa kA hI dharma hai. yadi nAstitva AdhAra ( bhUtalakA) dharma hokara bhI Adheya (ghaTAdi ) ke sAtha samAnAdhikaraNa ho sakatA hai taba to, astitva ko bhI AdhAra kA dharma mAna lene meM koI virodha nahIM honA cAhie. aura phalasvarUpa astitva tathA nAstitva ina donoM dharmoM se zUnya hone ke kAraNa ghaTapaTAdi dravya khapuSpavat asat ho jAyeMge. isI prakAra 'nAstitva' AdhAra tathA Adheya- ina donoM kA dharma bhI nahIM ho sakatA hai kyoMki taba to uparokta yukti dvArA astitva ko bhI ubhaya dharma mAnanA par3egA. 1. prathama bhAga, pR0 367. Jain Education Interna Cutter// Judwane & Personal use www.ainbray.org
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________________ -0-0---] Jain Educa 466 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya isa abhAva prameya ko lekara dArzanikoM meM kAphI vicAravimarza huA hai. prabhAkara mImAMsaka abhAva ke saMpUrNa dveSI haiM, ve abhAva ko nahIM mAnate. bauddha dArzanika bhI abhAva ko kalpita padArtha mAnate haiM. nyAya-vaizeSika tathA vedAntI abhAva ko bhAva se bhinna eka svatantra padArtha svIkAra karate haiM. sAMkhya ise adhikaraNa svarUpa mAnate haiM. jainamatAnusAra abhAva vastu kA abhAvAMza hai. isa abhAva prameya ke bheda ko lekara bhI dArzanikoM meM matabheda vidyamAna hai. vaizeSika saMpradAya meM prAgabhAvAdi bheda se abhAva ko cAra prakAra kA mAnA gayA hai. navya nyAyika gaMgeza prabhRti AcAryoM ne abhAva ke cAra prakAra hI mAne haiM. prAcIna naiyAyika udayanAcArya ne bhI svaracita lakSaNAvalI meM abhAva ke cAtuvidhya kA hI pratipAdana kiyA hai. vAcaspati mizra ne bhI isI bAta kA samarthana kiyA hai. kintu jayanta bhaTTa ke matAnusAra abhAva dvividha hai - prAgabhAva aura dhvaMsa. ve atyantAbhAva aura anyonyAbhAva ko svatantra abhAva nahIM mAnate kintu prAgabhAva ko hI ukta donoM abhAvoM ke sthAna meM mAnate haiM. jaina siddhAntAnusAra bhI abhAva cAra prakAra kA hai, jaise-prAgabhAva, pradhvaMsAbhAva, atyantAbhAva aura anyonyAbhAva. padArtha kA pUrva meM anastitva hI prAgabhAva hai, arthAt jisakA vinAza hone para kArya kI utpatti ho vaha padArtha usa kArya - kA prAgabhAva hai, jaise ghaTa mRtpiNDavinAza ke dvArA utpanna hotA hai ataH mRtpiNDa ghaTa kA prAgabhAva hai. jaisAki vAdi deva sUri ne apane pramANanayatattvAlokAlaMkAra' meM kahA hai- 'yannivRttAveva kAryasya samutpattiH so'sya prAgabhAvaH' koI bhI kArya apanI utpatti ke pahale asat hotA hai, vaha kAraNoM se utpanna hotA hai. kArya kA apanI utpatti ke pahale na honA hI prAgabhAva kahalAtA hai. yaha abhAva bhAvAntara rUpa hotA hai. yaha to dhruva satya hai ki kisI bhI dravya kI utpatti nahIM hotI. dravya to anAdi-ananta hai. utpatti hotI hai paryAya kI. dravya apane dravyarUpa se kAraNa hotA hai, aura paryAyarUpa se kArya. jo prAyaH utpanna hone jA rahA hai vaha utpatti ke pUrva paryAya rUpa meM nahIM thA. ataH usakA jo abhAva vahI prAgabhAva hai. yaha prAgabhAva pUrva paryAyarUpa hotA hai, arthAt ghaTa-paryAya jaba taka utpanna nahIM huA taba taka vaha asat hai aura jisa miTTI dravya se vaha utpanna hone vAlA hai usa dravya kA ghaTa se pahale kA paryAya ghaTa kA prAgabhAva kahA jAtA hai. arthAt vahI paryAya naSTa hokara ghaTaparyAya banatA hai. ataH vaha paryAya ghaTa- prAgabhAva hai. isI taraha atyanta sUkSma kAla kI dRSTi se pUrvaparyAya hI uttaraparyAya kA prAgabhAva hai aura santati kI dRSTi se yaha prAgabhAva anAdi bhI kahA jAtA hai. pUrvaparyAya kA prAgabhAva tatpUrvaparyAya hai, tathA tatpUrvaparyAya kA prAgabhAva usase bhI pUrva kA paryAya hogA, isa taraha santati kI dRSTi se yaha anAdi hotA hai. yadi kArya paryAya kA prAgabhAva nahIM mAnA jAtA hai, to kAryaparyAya anAdi ho jAyagA aura dravya meM trikAlavartI sabhI paryAyoM kA eka kAla meM prakaTa sadbhAva mAnanA hogA, jo ki sarvadhA pratIti-viruddha hai. 2 jisakI utpatti se kArya kA avazya vinAza ho, vaha usa kAryakA pradhvaMsAbhAva hai. jaise kapAla - samudAya kI utpatti hone se niyamataH ghaTakA vinAza hotA hai, ataH kapAlasamudAya hI ghaTa kA pradhvaMsAbhAva hai. jaisA ki vAdi devasUrine kahA hai'tyo kAryasyAvadayaM vipattiH soya pradhvaMsAbhAvaH dravya kA vinAza nahIM hotA kintu vinAza hotA hai paryAya kA. ataH kAraNa-paryAya kA nAza kAryaparyAyarUpa hotA hai. kAraNa naSTa hokara kAryarUpa bana jAtA hai. koI bhI vinAza sarvathA abhAvarUpa yA tuccha na hokara uttara paryAyarUpa hotA hai. ghaTa paryAya naSTa hokara kapAla- paryAya banatA hai, ataH ghaTa kA vinAza kapAlarUpa hI phalita hotA hai. tAtparya yaha hai ki pUrvaparyAya kA nAza uttaraparyAyarUpa hotA hai. yadi prAgabhAva ko na mAnA jAya to kAryabhUta dravya ghaTapaTAdi anAdi ho jAyagA, aura anAdi padArtha kA nAza nahIM hotA hai. ataH ghaTa paTAdi kI nityatvApatti hogI. pradhvaMsAbhAva ko na svIkAra karane para kAryabhUta ghaTapaTAdi ananta ho jAyeMge. jaisA ki svAmI samantabhadra ne zrAptamImAMsA meM 1. tRtIya pariccheda, sUtra 5.1. 2. pramANanayatattvaloka laMkAra, tRtIya pariccheda, sUtra 61. 3 kArikA 10. memelibrary.org
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________________ sAdhvI nirmalAzrI : jainamatAnusAra abhAva prameyamImAMsA : 467 kahA hai: kAryadravyamanAdi syAt prAgabhAvasya nihave, pradhvaMsasya ca dharmasya pracyave'nantatAM vrajet / aura ghaTa-paTAdi ananta ho jAne para sabhI paryAyoM kA sadbhAva yugapat anubhava meM AnA cAhie kintu vartamAna meM to eka hI paryAya anubhava meM AtA hai.. yahAM yaha zaMkA bhI nahIM karanI cAhie ki ghaTavinAza yadi kapAlarUpa hai to kapAla kA vinAza hone para, yAnI ghaTavinAza kA nAza hone para, phira ghaTa ko punarujjIvita ho jAnA cAhie, kyoMki vinAza kA vinAza to sadbhAvarUpa hotA hai. kAraNa kA upamardana karake kArya utpanna hotA hai, para kArya kA upamardana karake kAraNa nahIM upAdAna kA upamardana karake upAdeya kI utpatti hI sarvajanasiddha hai. prAgabhAva (pUrvaparyAya) aura pradhvaMsAbhAva (uttaraparyAya) meM upAdAna-upAdeya bhAva hai. prAgabhAva kA nAza karake pradhvaMsa utpanna hotA hai, para pradhvaMsa kA nAza karake prAgabhAva punarujjIvita nahIM ho sakatA. jo naSTa huA vaha naSTa huA. nAza ananta hai. jo paryAya gayA vaha ananta kAla ke liye gayA, vaha phira vApisa nahIM A sakatA. 'yadatItamatItameva tat'-yaha dhruva niyama hai. ataH yadi pradhvaMsAbhAva nahIM mAnA jAtA hai to koI bhI paryAya naSTa nahIM hogA aura sabhI paryAya ananta ho jAyeMge. pradhvaMsAbhAva pratiniyata padArthavyavasthA ke liye nitAnta Avazyaka hai. anya svabhAva se apane svabhAva kI vyAvRtti ko itaretarAbhAva yA anyApoha kahate haiM. jaise stambha-svabhAva se kumbha-svabhAva kI vyAvRtti hotI hai. AcArya vAdi-devasUri ne bhI isI bAta ko isa prakAra kahA hai--svarUpAntarAt svarUpavyAvRttiritaretarAbhAva iti.'' eka paryAya kA dUsare paryAya meM jo abhAva hai vaha itaretarAbhAva hai. svabhAvAntara se svasvabhAva kI vyAvattiko itaretarAbhAva kahate haiM. pratyeka padArtha kA apanA-apanA svabhAva nizcita hai. eka kA svabhAva dUsare kA svarUpa nahIM hotA. yaha jo svabhAvoM kI pratiniyatatA hai vahI itaretarAbhAva hai. ghaTakA paTa meM aura paTa kA ghaTa meM vartamAnakAlika abhAva hai. kAlAntara meM ghaTa ke paramANu miTTI, kapAsa aura tantu banakara paTa-paryAya ko dhAraNa kara sakate haiM, para vartamAna meM to ghaTa-paTa nahIM ho sakatA. yaha jo vartamAnakAlIna paraspara vyAvRtti hai vaha anyonyAbhAva hai. prAgabhAva aura pradhvaMsAbhAva se anyonyAbhAva kA kArya nahIM calAyA jA sakatA, kyoMki jisake abhAva meM niyama se kArya kI utpatti ho vaha prAgabhAva, aura jisake hone para niyama ke kArya kA vinAza ho vaha pradhvaMsAbhAva kahalAtA hai. para itaretarAbhAva ke abhAva yA bhAva se kAryotpatti yA vinAza kA koI sambandha nahIM hai. vaha to vartamAna paryAyoM ke pratiniyata svarUpa kI vyavasthA karatA hai. yadi yaha itaretarAbhAva nahIM mAnA jAya, to koI bhI pratiniyata paryAya sarvAtmaka ho jAyagA. arthAt saba sarvAtmaka ho jAyeMge. jaisAki svAmI samaMtabhadra ne zrAptamImAMsA' meM kahA hai-'sarvAtmakaM tadeka syAdanyApoha-vyatikrame.' atItAdi tInoM kAloM meM tAdAtmya pariNAma kI nivRtti ko atyantAbhAva kahA jAtA hai. jaise cetana meM acetana ke tAdAtmya bhAva kA atyanta abhAva hai. arthAt cetana kisI kAla meM acetana nahIM banatA. isI bAta ko vAdidevasUri ne pramANanayatattvAlokAlaMkAra meM isa prakAra kahA hai--'kAlatrayApekSiNI hi tAdAtmyapariNAmanivRtti ratyantAbhAvaH'. yadi atyantAbhAva ko svIkAra na kiyA jAya to ghaTa-paTAdi meM bhI cetanatva kI prApti ho jAyagI. jaisAki svAmI samaMtabhadra ne kahA hai-'anyatra samavAyena vyapadizyeta sarvathA.'* ataH eka padArtha meM dUsare padArtha kA traikAlika abhAva hI atyantAbhAva hai. jJAna kA AtmA 1. pramANanayatattvAlokAlaMkAra, pariccheda, 3, sUtra 63. 2. kArikA 11 (pUrvArdha), 3. tRtIya pariccheda, kArikA 65. 4. kArikA 11 (uttarArdha). wwwwwww 0101010101010 oldtolololon ololololololol Jain Education inte Qation Nagarinelibrary.org
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________________ 418 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya -------------------- meM samavAya hai, usakA samavAya kabhI bhI pudgala meM nahIM ho sakatA, ataH yaha atyantAbhAva kahalAtA hai. yadi atyantAbhAva kA lopa kara diyA jAya to kisI bhI dravya kA koI asAdhAraNa svarUpa nahIM raha jAyagA. saba dravya sarvAtmaka ho jAyeMge. atyantAbhAva ke kAraNa hI eka dravya dUsare dravyarUpa nahIM ho pAtA. dravya cAhe sajAtIya ho yA vijAtIya, usakA apanA pratiniyata akhaNDa svarUpa hotA hai. eka dravya dUsare meM kabhI bhI aisA vilIna nahIM hotA jisase ki usakI sattA hI samApta ho jAya. isa lekha meM hamane abhAva prameya ko lekara vicAra kiyA. usake grAhaka-pramANa ke sambandha meM vistRta vicAra yahA~ iSTa nahIM hai. abhAvarUpa prameya ke grAhaka-pramANa ke bAre meM aneka prakAra ke mata dArzanikoM meM pAye jAte haiM. mImAMsaka kumArila ke anusAra abhAva prameya anupalabdhipramANa-grAhya hai. bauddha, apane kalpita abhAvakA gyAraha prakAra kI anupalabdhiyoM dvArA anumeya mAnate haiM. vedAntiyoM ke mata meM ghaTAbhAva paTAbhAva Adi abhAvoM ke sAtha indriyoM kA koI sambandha saMbhava nahIM hone se pratyakSa ke dvArA abhAva kA grahaNa nahIM ho sakatA hai, ata: kumArila kA anusaraNa karate hue ve abhAva ke grahaNa ke liye abhAva yA anupalabdhi nAmaka eka pRthak mAnate haiM. kintu naiyAyika abhAva grahaNa kA pratyakSapramANa dvArA hI mAnate haiM. aura sAMkhya ne bhI usako pratyakSa ke antargata hI mAnA hai. parantu usake upapAdana kA mArga bhinna hai. jaina matAnusAra abhAva ko pratyakSapramANa dvArA grAhya mAnA gayA hai. jaisA ki vAdI devasUri ne syAdvAda-ratnAkara meM kahA hai -'abhAva-pramANaM tu pratyakSAdAvevAntarbhavatIti'. sthAnAbhAva ke kAraNa ina mAnyatAoM para UhApoha karanA prastuta prasaMga meM sambhava nahIM hai. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ DaoN0 indracandra zAstrI ema0 e0 pI-eca0 DI0, zAstrAcArya, vedAntavAridhi, nyAyatIrtha zrAvakadharma jainadharma ke anusAra sAdhanA kA uddezya kisI bAhya vastu kI prApti karanA nahIM, varan bAhya prabhAva ke kAraNa AtmA kA jo zuddha svarUpa chipA huA hai, use prakaTa karanA hai. jaba AtmA apane zuddha svarUpa ko prApta kara letA hai to vahI paramAtmA bana jAtA hai. paramAtmapada kI prApti hI jaina-sAdhanA kA lakSya hai. isakI prApti ke liye jIva apane vikAroM ko dUra karatA huA kramazaH Age bar3hatA hai. jainasaMgha meM gRhatyAgI aura gRhastha donoM vargoM ko sthAna diyA gayA hai. ataeva svAbhAvika hai ki sAdhakoM ke starabheda ke kAraNa unakI sAdhanA ke stara meM bhI bhinnatA ho. yahI kAraNa hai ki jainazAstroM meM munidharma aura gRhastha-dharma kA pRthakpRthak nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai. prastuta nibaMdha meM gRhasthadharmasAdhanA para hI prakAza DAlA jAegA. gRhasthadharma ko saMyamAsaMyama, dezavirati, dezacAritra Adi bhI kahate haiM. yaha sarvavidita hai ki zramaNa-paramparA meM tyAga para adhika bala diyA gayA hai. yahAM vikAsa kA artha Antarika samRddhi hai aura yadi bAhya sukha-sAmagrI usameM bAdhaka hai to use bhI heya batAyA gayA hai. phira bhI jaina-paramparA ne AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI madhyama zreNI ke rUpa meM eka aisI bhUmikA ko svIkAra kiyA hai jahA~ tyAga aura bhoga kA sundara samanvaya hai. bauddhasaMgha meM kevala bhikSu hI sammilita kiye jAte haiM, gRhasthoM ke liye sthAna nahIM hai. kintu jainasaMgha meM donoM sammilita haiM. jahA~ taka muni kI caryA kA prazna hai jaina-paramparA ne use atyanta kaThora tathA uccastara para rakhA hai. bauddha-bhikSu apanI caryA meM rahatA huA bhI aneka pravRttiyoM meM bhAga le sakatA hai kintu jaina muni aisA nahIM kara sakatA. pariNAmasvarUpa jahA~ tapa aura tyAga kI AdhyAtmika jyoti ko prajvalita rakhanA sAdhusaMsthA kA kArya hai, saMgha ke bharaNa-poSaNa evaM bAhya suvidhAoM kA dhyAna rakhanA zrAvaka-saMsthA kA kArya hai.. bauddhadharma meM bhI sAdhanA-mArga ke rUpa meM zrAvaka-yAna kA nirdeza milatA hai. vahAM zrAvaka zabda kA artha hai, vaha sAdhaka jo dUsaroM se sunakara jJAna prApta karatA hai aura sAdhanA ke patha para agrasara hotA huA nirvANa avasthA meM pahuMcatA hai. isakI tulanA meM vahA~ do yAna aura haiM. pratyeka buddhayAna aura bodhisatvayAna. pratyeka buddha apane Apa jJAna prApta karatA hai aura bodhisatva apane kalyANa ke sAtha dUsaroM ke kalyANa meM bhI pravRtta hotA hai. isa prakAra bodhisatva aura zeSa do meM lakSya kA bheda hai. jaina paramparA meM jo sthAna tIrthaMkara kA hai bauddha-paramparA meM vahI buddha kA hai. zrAvaka aura pratyeka buddha meM jJAnaprApti kI dRSTi se bheda hai. jahA~ taka unake zIla yA caritra kA prazna hai koI bheda nahIM hai kintu jaina paramparA meM zrAvaka aura muni meM mukhya bheda caritra ke stara kA hai. jaina-sAhitya meM zrAvaka zabda ke do artha milate haiM--pahalA, 'thi' dhAtu se banA hai, jisakA artha hai sunanA. jo zAstroM kA zravaNa karatA hai aura tadanusAra calane kA yathAzakti prayatna karatA hai vaha zrAvaka hai. zrAvaka zabda se sAdhAraNatayA yahI artha grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai. pratIta hotA hai jaina paramparA meM zrAvakoM dvArA svayaM zAstrAdhyayana kI paripATI nahIM varavara J ___JainEvsatiorime elsose on ww.jaineitorary.org
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________________ Jain Education Inte 500 : muni zrI hajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya rahI. yatra tatra sAdhuoM ke adhyayana aura unheM par3hAne vAle vAcanAcArya kA varNana milatA hai. adhyayana karane vAle sAdhuoM kI yogyatA tathA Avazyaka taponuSThAna kA vidhAna bhI kiyA gayA hai kintu zrAvakoM kA nirdeza zAstrAdhyayana ke sambandha meM kahIM nahIM milatA. isa kA dUsarA artha 'zrApAke' dhAtu ke AdhAra para kiyA jAtA hai. isa dhAtu se saMskRta rUpa 'zrApaka' banatA hai jisakA prAkRta meM 'zAkya' ho sakatA hai kintu saMskRta meM 'zrAvaka' zabda ke sAtha isakI saMgati nahIM baiThatI. ina zabda kA Azaya hai vaha vyakti, jo bhojana pakAtA hai, isake viparIta sAdhu bhikSA para nirvAha karate haiM, pakAte nahIM. zrAvaka ke liye bAraha vratoM kA vidhAna hai. unameM se prathama pAMca aNuvrata yA zIlavrata kahe jAte haiM. aNuvrata kA artha hai choTe vrata sAdhu hiMsA Adi kA pUrNa parityAga karatA hai ataH usake vrata mahAvrata kahe jAte haiM. zrAvaka unakA pAlana maryAdita rUpa meM karatA hai ataH usake vrata aNuvrata kahe jAte haiM. zIla kA artha hai AcAra, ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha ye pAMca caritra yA AcAra kI AdhAra zilA hai. isIlie inako zIla kahA jAtA hai. bauddha sAhitya meM bhI inake liye yahI nAma milatA hai. yoga darzana meM inheM yama kahA gayA hai aura aSTAMga yoga kI AdhAra zilA mAnA gayA hai aura kahA gayA hai ki ye aise vrata haiM jo sArvabhauma haiM--vyakti deza-kAla tathA paristhiti kI maryAdA se pare haiM arthAt dharmAdharma yA kartavyA kartavya kA nirUpaNa karate samaya anya niyamoM kI jAMca ahiMsA Adi ke AdhAra para karanA cAhie kintu inheM kisI dUsare ke liye gauNa nahIM banAyA jA sakatA. hiMsA pratyeka avasthA meM pApa hai usake liye koI apavAda nahIM haiM. koI vyakti ho yA kaisI hI paristhiti ho, hiMsA pApa hai, ahiMsA dharma hai. satya Adi ke liye bhI yahI bAta hai. kintu inakA pUrNatayA pAlana vahIM ho sakatA hai jahA~ saba pravRttiyAM banda ho jAtI haiM. hamArI pratyeka halacala meM sUkSma yA sthUla hiMsA hotI rahatI hai ataH sAdhaka ke liye vidhAna hai ki usa lakSya para dRSTi rakhakara yathAzakti Age bar3hatA calA jAya. sAdhu aura vika isI pragati kI do kakSAeM haiM. zrAvaka ke zeSa sAta vratoM ko zikSA vrata kahA gayA hai ve jIvana meM anuzAsana lAte haiM. inameM se prathama tIna bAhya anuzAsana ke liye haiM aura hamArI vyAvasAyika halacala, dainandina rahana-sahana evaM zarIra-saMcAlana para niyaMtraNa karate haiM liye haiM. ina donoM zreNiyoM meM vibhAjana karane ke liye prathama tIna ko guNa vrata aura jAtA hai. aura zeSa cAra AMtarika zuddhi ke zeSa cAra ko zikSA vrata bhI kahA ina bAraha vratoM ke atirikta pUrva bhUmikA ke rUpa meM samyaktva vrata hai jahAM sAdhaka kI dRSTi antarmukhI bana jAtI hai aura vaha Antarika vikAsa ko adhika mahattva dene lagatA hai, isakA nirUpaNa pahale kiyA jA cukA hai. bAraha vratoM kA anuSThAna karatA huA zrAvaka AdhyAtmika zakti kA saMcaya karatA jAtA hai. utsAha bar3hane para vaha ghara kA bhAra putra ko sauMpa kara dharma - sthAna meM pahuMca jAtA hai aura sArA samaya tapasyA aura Atma-cintana meM bitAne lagatA hai. usa samaya vaha gyAraha pratimAyeM svIkAra karatA hai aura uttarottara bar3hatA huA apanI caryA ko muni ke samAna banA letA hai. jaba vaha yaha dekhatA ki mana meM utsAha hone para bhI zarIra kRza ho gayA hai aura bala kSINa hotA jA rahA hai to nahIM cAhatA ki zArIrika durbalatA mana ko prabhAvita kare aura Atma-cintana ke sthAna para zArIrika cintAyeM hone lageM. isa vicAra ke sAtha vaha zarIra kA mamatva chor3a detA hai. AhAra kA parityAga karake nirantara Atma-cintana meM lIna rahatA hai. jahA~ vaha jIvana kI icchA kA parityAga kara detA hai, vahA~ yaha bhI nahIM cAhatA ki mRtyu zIghra A jAya jIvana aura mRtyu, nindA aura stuti, sukha aura duHkha sabake prati samabhAva rakhatA huA samaya Ane para zAntacitta se sthUla zarIra ko chor3a detA hai. zrAvaka kI isa dinacaryA kA varNana upAsakadazAMga ke prathama Ananda nAmaka adhyayana meM hai. aba hama saMkSepa meM ina vratoM kA nirUpaNa kareMge. pratyeka vrata kA pratipAdana do bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai. pahalA bhAga vidhAna ke rUpa meM hai. jahAM sAdhaka apanI vyavahAra maryAdA kA nizcaya karatA hai usa maryAdA ko saMkucita karanA usakI apanI icchA evaM utsAha para nirbhara hai kintu maryAdA se Age bar3hane para vrata TUTa jAtA hai. dUsare bhAga meM una doSoM kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai jinakI saMbhAvanA banI rahatI hai aura kahA gayA hai ki zrAvaka ko unheM jAnanA cAhie kintu AcaraNa na karanA cAhie. zrAvaka ke liye dinacaryA ke rUpa meM pratikramaNa kA vidhAna hai. usameM vaha pratidina ina vratoM evaM saMbhAvita doSoM ko doharAtA hai kisI DU enerally.org
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________________ DA0 indracandra zAstrI : zrAvakadharma : 101 prakAra kA doSa dhyAna meM Ane para prAyazcitta karatA hai aura bhaviSya meM unake nirdoSa pAlana kI ghoSaNA karatA hai. ina sambhAvita doSoM ko aticAra kahA gayA hai. jaina zAstroM meM vrata ke atikramaNa kI cAra koTiyAM batAI gaI haiM : 1. atikrama-vrata ko ullaMghana karane kA mana meM jJAta yA ajJAta rUpa se vicAra AnA. 2. vyatikrama-ullaMghana karane ke liye pravRtti. 3. aticAra-vrata kA AMzika rUpa meM ullaMghana. 4, anAcAra-vrata kA pUrNatayA TUTa jAnA. aticAra kI sImA vahIM taka hai jaba koI doSa anajAna meM laga jAtA hai, jAna-bUjha kara vratabhaMga karane para anAcAra ho jAtA hai. hisA-trata ahiMsA jaina-paramparA kA mUla hai. jainadharma aura darzana kA samasta vikAsa isI mUla tattva ko lekara huA hai. AcArAMga sUtra meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ne ghoSaNA kI hai ki jo arihanta bhUtakAla meM ho cuke haiM, jo vartamAna meM haiM tathA jo bhaviSya meM hoMge una sabakA eka hI kathana hai, eka hI upadeza, eka hI pratipAdana hai tathA eka hI udghoSa hai ki vizva meM jitane prANi, bhUta, jIva yA sattva haiM kisI ko nahIM mAranA cAhie, kisI ko nahIM satAnA cAhie. kisI ko kaSTa yA pIr3A nahIM denI cAhie. jIvana ke isa siddhAnta kA pratipAdana samatA ke AdhAra para karate hue unhoMne kahA- jaba tuma kisI ko mAranA, satAnA yA pIr3A denA cAhate ho to usake sthAna para apane ko rakhakara soco, jisa prakAra yadi koI tumheM mAre yA kaSTa deve to acchA nahIM lagatA. isI sUtra meM bhagavAn ne phira kahA hai-are mAnava, apane Apase yuddha kara, bAhya yuddhoM se koI lAbha nahIM. isa prakAra bhagavAn mahAvIra ne ahiMsA ke do rUpa upasthita kiye. eka bAhya rUpa jisakA artha hai kisI prANI ko kaSTa na denA. dUsarA Abhyantara rUpa hai jisakA artha hai kisI ke prati durbhAvanA na rakhanA, kisI kA burA na socanA. dazavakAlika sUtra meM dharma ko utkRSTa maMgala batAyA hai. isakA artha hai jo Adi, madhya tathA aMta, tInoM avasthAoM meM maMgala rUpa ho vahI dharma hai usake tIna aMga batAe gae haiM--1. ahiMsA, 2. saMyama, 3. tapa. vAstava meM dekhA jAya to saMyama aura tapa ahiMsA ke do pahalU haiM. saMyama kA sambandha bAhya pravRttiyoM ke sAtha hai aura tapa kA Antarika malinatAoM yA kusaMskAroM ke sAtha. uparyukta aNuvratoM tathA zikSAvratoM kA vibhAjana inhIM do rUpoM ko sAmane rakhakara kiyA gayA hai. saMyama aura tapa kI pUrNatA ke rUpa meM hI muniyoM ke liye eka ora mahAvrata tathA samiti, gupti Adi unakI sahAyaka kriyAoM kA vidhAna hai aura dUsarI ora bAhya tathA Abhyantara aneka prakAra kI tapasyAoM kA vidhAna hai. pAMca mahAvatoM meM bhI vastutaH dekhA jAya to satya aura asteya, bAhya ahiMsA arthAt vyavahAra ke sAtha sambandha rakhate haiM, brahmacarya tathA aparigraha Antarika ahiMsA arthAt vicAra ke sAtha sambandha rakhate haiM. vyAsa ne pAtaJjala yoga ke bhASya meM kahA hai...."ahiMsA bhUtAnAmanabhidrohaH." droha kA artha hai IrSyA yA dveSa buddhi. isameM mukhyatayA vicArapakSa ko sAmane rakkhA gayA hai, jaina-darzana vicAra aura vyavahAra donoM para bala detA hai. jaina-darzana kA sarvasva syAdvAda hai. vaha vicAroM kI ahiMsA hai. isakA artha hai vyakti apane vicAroM ko jitanA mahattva detA hai dUsaroM ke vicAroM ko bhI utanA de. galata siddha hone para apane vicAroM ko chor3ane para taiyAra rahe aura vAstavika siddha hone para dUsare ke vicAroM kA svAgata kare. jaina-darzana kA kathana hai ki vyakti apanI-apanI paristhiti ke anusAra vibhinna dRSTikoNoM ko upasthita karate haiM. ve dRSNikoNa mithyA nahIM hote kintu sApekSa hote haiM. paristhiti tathA samaya ke anusAra unameM se kisI eka kA cunAva kiyA jAtA hai. isa cunAva ko dravya, kSetra, kAla tathA bhAva ina zabdoM dvArA prakaTa kiyA gayA hai. SANSAR Jain Education wisdainelibrary.org
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________________ 202 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya -0-0--0--0-0--0--0-0-0-0 umAsvAti ne apane 'tattvArthasUtra' meM hiMsA kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahA hai-'pramattayogAt prANavyaparopaNam hisA !" isa vyAkhyA ke do bhAga haiM, pahalA bhAga hai-'pramattayogAt'. yoga kA artha hai mana, vacana aura kAyA kI pravRtti, pramatta kA artha hai pramAda se yukta. ve pAMca haiM : 1. madya-arthAt aisI vastueM jinase manuSya kI viveka-zakti kuNThita ho jAtI hai. 2. viSaya-rUpa, rasa, gandha Adi indriyoM ke viSaya, jinake AkarSaNa meM par3a kara manuSya apane hitAhita ko bhUla jAtA hai. 3. kaSAya-krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha Adi manovega, jo manuSya ko pAgala banA dete haiM. 4. nidrA-Alasya yA akarmaNyatA. 1. vikathA-striyoM ke saundarya, deza-videza kI ghaTanAeM, bhojana sambandhI svAda tathA rAjakIya vyavasthA Adi viSayoM ko lekara vyartha kI carcAyeM karate rahanA. pramAda kI avasthA meM mana, vacana aura zarIra kI aisI pravRtti karanA jisase dUsare ke prANa para AghAta pahuMce-hisA hai. isakA artha hai yadi hitabuddhi se prerita hokara koI kArya kiyA jAtA hai aura usase dUsare ko kaSTa pahuMcatA hai to vaha hiMsA nahIM hai. uparokta vyAkhyA meM prANazabda atyanta vyApaka hai. jaina-zAstroM meM prANa ke dasa bheda haiM-pAMca indriyAM, mana, vacana, kAyA, zvAsocchvAsa aura Ayu. inakA vyaparopaNa do prakAra se hotA hai. AghAta dvArA tathA pratibandha dvArA. dUsare ko aisI coTa pahuMcAnA jisase dikhanA yA sunanA banda ho jAya, AghAta hai. dUsare ko dekhane yA sunane se rokanA, usakI svatantra vRttiyoM meM bAdhA DAlanA pratibandha hai. dUsare ke svatantra cintana, bhASaNa athavA yAtAyAta meM rukAvaTa DAlanA bhI pratibandha ke antargata hai aura vaha hiMsA hai. dUsare kI khulI havA ko rokanA, use dUSita karanA, zvAsocchvAsa para pratibandha hai. yahA~ yaha prazna hotA hai ki eka nAgarika apanI svatantra pravRttiyoM ke kAraNa dUsare nAgarika ke rahana-sahana evaM sukhasuvidhA meM bAdhA DAlatA hai, usake vaiyaktika jIvana meM hastakSepa karatA hai, corI, DakaitI tathA anya aparAdhoM dvArA zAnti bhaMga karatA hai, kyA usa para niyantraNa karanA Avazyaka nahIM hai ? yahIM sAdhu aura zrAvaka kI caryA meM antara ho jAtA hai. sAdhu kisI para hiMsAtmaka niyaMtraNa nahIM karatA. vaha aparAdhI ko bhI usake kalyANa kI buddhi se upadeza dvArA samajhAtA hai, use kisI prakAra kA kaSTa nahIM denA cAhatA. isake viparIta zrAvaka ko isa bAta kI chUTa rahatI hai vaha aparAdhI ko daNDa de sakatA hai. nAgarika jIvana meM bAdhA DAlane vAle para hiMsAtmaka niyantraNa rakha sakatA hai. sAdhu aura zrAvaka kI ahiMsA meM eka bAta kA antara aura hai-jaina-dharma ke anusAra pRthvI, pAnI, agni, vAyu tathA vanaspatiyoM meM bhI jIva haiM aura unheM sthAvara kahA gayA hai aura calane phirane vAle jIvoM ko trasa kahA gayA hai. sAdhu apane liye, bhojana banAnA, pakAnA, makAna banAnA, Adi koI pravRtti nahIM karatA, vaha bhikSA para nirvAha karatA hai, isake viparIta zrAvaka apanI AvazyakatA-pUrti ke liye maryAdita rUpa meM pravRttiyAM karatA hai aura unameM pRthvI, pAnI, agni Adi sthAvara jIvoM kI hiMsA hotI hI rahatI hai. usa sUkSma hiMsA kA usase tyAga nahIM hotA. vaha kevala sthUla arthAt trasa jIvoM kI hiMsA kA tyAga karatA hai. isa prakAra zrAvaka kI caryA meM do chUTeM haiM. pahalI aparAdhI ko daNDa dene kI aura dUsarI sUkSma hiMsA kI. isI AdhAra para zrAvaka ke vratoM ko sAgArI arthAt chUTa vAle kahA jAtA hai. isake viparIta sAdhu ke vratoM ko anAgAra kahA jAtA hai. jIvanavyavahAra ke sambandha meM do dRSTikoNa milate haiM. pahalA dRSTikoNa manusmRti meM AyA hai jahAM kahA gayA hai'jIvo jIvasya jIvanam'. eka jIva dUsare jIva kA jIvana hai arthAt bhojana hai. isameM yaha prakaTa kiyA gayA hai ki prANiyoM kA jIvana paraspara hiMsA para TikA huA hai. Arthika kSetra meM isI hisA ko zoSaNa kahA jAtA hai aura rAjanItika kSetra meM atyAcAra. jaba usakA vyavahAra cora, DAkU, Adi karate haiM to use aparAdha kahA jAtA hai. dUsarA Jain ducation Jainelibrary.org
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________________ DA0 indracandra zAstrI : zravakadharma : 503 dRSTikoNa paraspara sahayoga kA hai. eka vyakti ko bhojana kI AvazyakatA hai aura dUsare ko vastra kI. bhojana taiyAra karane vAlA apane bhojana kA kucha aMza vastra taiyAra karane vAle ko de detA hai aura usase vastra prApta karatA hai. isa prakAra vinimaya ke dvArA vinA kisI hiMsA ke donoM kI AvazyakatA pUrNa ho jAtI hai. zrAvaka kA jIvana paraspara sahayoga ke isI siddhAMta para AdhArita hai. karaNa aura yoga prakAra kI hotI haiM-mAnasika, vAcika, apekSA se bhI usake tIna prakAra haiM pahale batAyA jA cukA hai ki manuSya kI pravRttiyAM sAdhanA kI apekSA se tIna aura kAyika. inheM jaina paramparA meM yoga kahA gayA hai. isI prakAra kriyA kI svayaM karanA, dUsare se karAnA aura karane vAle kA anumodana karanA. inheM karaNa kahA gayA hai. ahiMsA kA vidhyAtmaka rUpa ahiMsA ko jIvana meM utArane ke liye maitrI bhAvanA kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai. zrAvaka pratidina ghoSaNA karatA hai-maiM saba jIvoM ko kSamA pradAna karatA hU~, saba jIva mujhe kSamA pradAna kareM. merI sabase mitratA hai, kisIse vaira nahIM hai. isa ghoSaNA meM zrAvaka sarvaprathama svayaM kSamA pradAna karatA hai aura kahatA hai ki mujhase kisI ko Darane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai, maiM sabako abhaya pradAna karatA hU~. dUsare vAkya dvArA vaha anya prANiyoM se kSamA-yAcanA karatA hai aura svayaM nirbhaya honA cAhatA hai. vaha aise jIvana kI kAmanA karatA hai jahA~ vaha na zoSaka bane aura na zoSita, na bhayotpAdaka bane aura na bhayabhIta, na trAsaka bane aura na trasta, na utpIr3aka bane na pIr3ita. tIsare caraNa meM vaha sabase mitratA kI ghoSaNA karatA hai. arthAt sabako samatA kI dRSTi se dekhatA hai. mitratA kA mUla AdhAra hai pratidAna kI AzAna rakhate hue dUsare ko adhika se adhika pradAna karane kI bhAvanA eka mitra ko dUsare mitra kI sukha-suvidhA va AvazyakatA kA jitanA dhyAna rahatA hai, utanA apanA nahIM. isake viparIta jaba apanI sukha-suvidhA ke liye dUsare kA haka chInane kI bhAvanA A jAtI hai, tabhI zatrutA kA mizraNa hone lagatA hai. mitratA kI ghoSaNA dvArA zrAvaka anya saba prANiyoM kA hitaiSI evaM rakSaka banane kI pratijJA karatA hai. cauthA caraNa hai-- merA kisI se vaira nahIM hai. vaha kahatA hai - IrSyA, dveSa, manomAlinya Adi zatrutA ke jitane kAraNa haiM, maiM una saba ko dho cukA hU~ aura zuddha evaM pavitra hRdaya ko lekara vizva ke sAmane upasthita hotA hUM. jo vyakti kama se kama varSa meM eka bAra isa prakAra ghoSaNA nahIM karatA, use apane Apa ko jaina kahane kA adhikAra nahIM hai. yadi pratyeka vyakti, samAja tathA rASTra isa ghoSaNA ko apanA leM to vizva kI aneka samasyAeM sulabha jAyeM vibhinna vyaktiyoM kI dRSTi se maMtrI ke cAra rUpa batAye gaye haiM. inhIM ko bauddha dharma meM brahmavihAra ke rUpa meM kahA gayA hai aura yoga darzana meM citta ko prasanna evaM nirmala banAne ke rUpa meM. 1. 1. maitrI samasta prANiyoM ke sAtha mitratA tathA unake mukha kI kAmanA yogadarzana meM sampanna vyaktiyoM ke prati mitratA kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai. jisa prakAra hameM mitra ke sukha-sampatti tathA svAsthya se prasannatA hotI hai isI prakAra sabakI unnati para prasanna honA sarvamaMtrI hai. isa bhAvanA dvArA vyakti IrSyA para vijaya prApta karatA hai, arthAt dUsaroM kI unnati se usake mana meM duHkha nahIM hotA pratyuta prasannatA hotI hai. dUsarI ora vaha saMkucita svAyaM se Upara uThane lagatA hai aura vaiyaktika unnati ke sthAna para sabakI unnati cAhane lagatA hai. - 2. karuNA - dukhI ko dekhakara mana meM sahAnubhUti tathA saMvedanA honA, usake duHkha ko dUra karane ke liye prayatnazIla honA. prAyaH yaha dekhA gayA hai ki dUsare ko kaSTa yA saMkaTa meM dekha kara sarvasAdhAraNa usase ghRNA karane lagatA hai. sahayogI tathA mitrajana usase katarAne lagate haiM. itanA hI nahIM, usakI vivazatAoM se lAbha uThAne kA prayatna karate haiM. yaha eka prakAra kI hiMsA vRtti hai. ahiMsA ke sAdhaka ko dukhI kA duHkha dUra karane tathA usake kaSTa meM hissA baMTAne kI bhAvanA rakhanI cAhie.
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________________ 504 : muni zrIhajArIla smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya 3. muditA -- jo vyakti vidyA, tyAga athavA kisI anya guNa ke kAraNa Age bar3hA huA hai use dekha kara prAyaH hamAre mana meM asUyA utpanna hotI hai. arthAt hama usameM doSa nikAlane kA prayatna karate haiM. yadi vaha tyAgI hai to use DhoMgI kahane lagate haiM, yadi vidvAna hai to raTTU- isI prakAra samAja-sevaka, netA, dAnI Adi pratyeka meM koI na koI doSa nikAsane kI ceSTA kI jAtI hai. yaha eka prakAra kI asahiSNutA hai aura chipI huI hiMsA kA bAhya rUpa hai. ise dUra karane ke lie guNI ko dekhakara prasanna hone kI Adata honI cAhie. use dekhakara jhuka jAnA aura usake guNoM ko apane meM lAnA muditA hai doSa aura guNa pratyeka vyakti meM rahate haiM, hamArA dhyAna guNoM kI ora jAnA cAhie, doSoM kI ora nahIM. 4. upekSA -- jo vyakti hamAre pratikula calatA hai, hamase zatrutA karatA hai, hameM hAni pahu~cAne kI ceSTA karatA hai, usake prati bhI dveSa na kara ke taTastha vRtti rakhanA upekSA hai. ina cAra bhAvanAoM se kramaza: IrSyA, ghRNA, asUyA aura dveSa para vijaya prApta hotI hai. ye saba AtmA ke mala haiM aura use azAnta banAye rakhate haiM. ahiMsA aura kAyaratA ahiMsA para prAyaH AkSepa kiyA jAtA hai ki yaha kAyaratA hai. zatru ke sAmane Ane para jo vyakti saMgharSa kI himmata nahIM rakhatA, vahI ahiMsA ko apanAtA hai; kintu yaha dhAraNA ThIka nahIM hai. kAyara vaha hotA hai jo mana meM pratikAra kI bhAvanA hone para bhI pratyAkramaNa karane se DaratA hai. aise vyakti kA AkramaNa na karanA yA zatru ke sAmane jhuka jAnA ahiMsA nahIM hai, vaha to AkramaNa se bhI bar3I hiMsA hai. mahAtmA gAMdhI kA kathana hai ki Akramaka yA krUra vyakti vicAroM meM parivartana hone para ahiMsaka bana sakatA hai kintu kAyara ke liye ahiMsaka bananA asambhava hai. ahiMsA kI pahalI zarta zatru ke prati mitratA yA prema bhAvanA hai. choTA bAlaka bahuta-sI vastueM tor3a-phor3a DAlatA hai, mAtA ko usase parezAnI hotI hai, kintu vaha muskarA kara TAla detI hai. bAlaka ke bholepana para usakA prema aura bhI bar3ha jAtA hai. mitratA yA prema kI yaha pahalI zarta hai dUsare ke dvArA hAni pahu~cAne para krodha na AnA pratyuta upasthita kiye gaye kaSToM, jhaMjhaToM tathA hAniyoM se saMgharSa karane meM adhikAdhika Ananda anubhava karanA. ahiMsaka zatru se Dara kara zatru ko kSamA nahIM karatA kintu usakI bhUla ko durbalatA samajha kara kSamA karatA hai. ahiMsA kI isa bhUmi para bane hI pahuMcate haiM. jo vyakti pUrNatayA aparigrahI haiM, arthAt jinheM dhana-sampatti mAna-apamAna tathA apane zarIra se bhI mamatva nahIM hai, jo samasta svArthI ko tyAga cuke haiM ve hI aisA kara sakate haiM. dUsaroM ke liye ahiMsA hI dUsarI koTi hai ki niraparAdha ko daNDa na diyA jAya kintu aparAdhI kA damana karane ke liye hiMsA kA prayoga kiyA jA sakatA hai. usameM bhI aparAdhI ko sudhArane yA usake kalyANa kI bhAvanA rahanI cAhie use naSTa karane ko nahIM dveSabuddhi jitanI kama hogI vyakti utanA hI ahiMsA kI ora avasara kahA jAyegA. 3 bhAratIya itihAsa meM aneka jaina rAjA-maMtrI, senApati tathA bar3e-bar3e vyApArI ho cuke haiM. samasta pravRttiyA~ karate hue bhI ve jaina bane rahe. ahiMsA aura jIvana-nirvAha kucha samaya se yaha prazna uThA hai ki bhArata kI janasaMkhyA bahuta bar3ha gaI hai pariNAma svarUpa khAdya sAmagrI kama par3ane lagI hai ataH sarakAra kI ora se machaliyA~ pAlane tathA unheM khAne ko protsAhana diyA jA rahA hai. aisI sthiti meM eka jaina kA kyA karttavya hai ? khAdya sAmagrI kI kamI ko dUra karane ke aneka upAya haiM. bhArata ke kSetraphala ko dekhate hue kamI nahIM honI cAhie. upaja bar3hAnA tathA jana saMkhyA kI vRddhi ko rokanA Adi aneka upAya kAma meM lAye jA sakate haiM. usa carcA meM na jA kara hama khAdya saMkaTa ko vAstavika mAna kara calate haiM. 28 Jain ENGINNEN SZ15218121821912182 DINDINGS SZINONENEINANDINENEINEN.......... 1ry.org
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________________ DA. indracandra zAstrI : zrAvakadharma: 105 -----------------0-0 jaina kA artha hai vaha vyakti, jo jaina-siddhAMtoM meM vizvAsa rakhatA hai. jo vyakti mAMsAhArI vaizyAgamana Adi ko nahIM chor3atA phira bhI jaina-siddhAMta meM anurAga rakhatA hai, use apane Apa ko jaina kahane kA adhikAra hai, zrAvaka, sAdhu tathA vItarAga kI zreNiyA~ usake Upara haiM. mAMsAhAra burA hone para bhI karane yA chor3ane mAtra se koI jaina yA ajaina nahIM banatA. yaha bAta pratyeka vyakti kI icchA aura utsAha para nirbhara hai ki vaha tyAga ke mArga para kitanA Age bar3hatA hai. sAdhu prANa-saMkaTa Ane para bhI dUsare kI hiMsA nahIM karatA, usakI caryA nirapavAda hai, kintu zrAvaka ko AvazyakatAnusAra chUTa rahatI hai. vaha apanI zakti aura paristhiti ke anusAra hI vratoM kA pAlana karatA hai. yadi vaha mAMsAhAra ko burA samajhatA hai aura prANa-sakaTa Ane para bhI usa ora nahIM jAnA cAhatA to vaha uccAdarza hai yadi itanI zakti yA sAhasa nahIM hai to heya samajhatA huA bhI vaha usakA sevana karegA, kintu jaba taka jaina-siddhAMtoM para usakA vizvAsa akSuNNa hai taba taka use jaina hI kahA jAyegA. tyAga kA sarvotkRSTa rUpa tIna karaNa tIna yoga se hai. arthAt jahA~ sAdhaka yaha nizcaya karatA hai ki maiM kisI sAvadha pravRtti ko mana, vacana aura kAyA se na svayaM karUMgA, na svayaM karAU~gA, aura na karane vAle kA anumodana karUMgA. isa prakAra kA tyAga sAdhu kA hI hotA hai kyoMki vaha sAMsArika uttaradAyitva ko chor3a kara ekAnta Atmacintana meM lIna rahane lagatA hai. parivAra yA samAja se kisI prakAra kA laukika sambandha nahIM rakhatA, zrAvaka kA tyAga nimna koTi kA hotA hai. bahuta se kArya vaha apane hAtha se nahIM karatA kintu dUsare se karAne kI chUTa rakhatA hai. bahuta se aise haiM jo na karatA karAtA hai kintu unake anumodana kA tyAga nahIM karatA. tyAga kI ina koTiyoM ko lakSya meM rakha kara zAstra meM 46 bhaMga kiye gaye haiM. sabase sthUla tyAga hai eka karaNa eka yoga arthAt apane hAtha se svayaM na karanA. isI prakAra eka karaNa do yoga, eka karaNa tIna yoga, do karaNa eka yoga Adi bhaMga batAye gaye haiM. zrAvaka prAyaH do karaNa tIna yoga se tyAga karatA hai arthAt mana vacana aura kAyA se svayaM nahIM karatA tathA dUsare se nahIM karAtA, use anumodana karane kA parityAga nahIM hotA. zrAvaka apane prathama aNuvrata meM yaha nizcaya karatA hai ki maiM niraparAdha trasa jIvoM kI hiMsA nahIM karUMgA arthAt unheM jAna-bUjha kara nahIM mArUMgA. isa vrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiM jinakI tatkAlIna zrAvaka ke jIvana meM sambhAvanA banI rahatI thI ve isa prakAra haiM1. bandha-pazu tathA naukara cAkara Adi AzritajanoM ko kaSTadAyI bandhana meM rakhanA. yaha bandhana zArIrika, Arthika, sAmAjika Adi aneka prakAra kA ho sakatA hai. 2. vadha-unheM burI taraha pITanA. 3. chabiccheda-unake hAtha, pAMva Adi aMgoM ko kATanA. 4. atibhAra----una para adhika bojha lAdanA. naukaroM se adhika kAma lenA bhI atibhAra hai. 5. bhaktapAnaviccheda-unheM samaya para bhojana tathA pAnI na denA. naukara ko samaya para vetana na denA jisase use tathA ghara vAloM ko kaSTa pahu~ce. satya-vrata zrAvaka kA dUsarA vrata mRSAvAda-viramaNa arthAt asatyabhASaNa kA parityAga hai. umAsvAti ne isakI vyAkhyA karate hue kahA hai ki 'asadabhidhAnamanRtam' asadabhidhAna ke tIna artha haiM (1) asat arthAt jo bAta nahIM hai usakA kahanA. (2) bAta jaisI hai use vaisI na kaha kara dUsare rUpa meM kahanA, eka hI tathya ko aise rUpa meM bhI upasthita kiyA jA sakatA hai jisase sAmane vAle para acchA prabhAva par3e. usI ko bigAr3a kara rakkhA jA sakatA hai jisase sAmane vAlA nArAja ho jAya. satyavAdI kA kartavya hai ki vastu ko vAstavika rUpa meM rakhe, use banAne yA bigAr3ane kA prayatna na kare. (3) isakA tIsarA artha hai asat-burAI yA durbhAvanA ko lekara kisI se kahanA. yaha EMPERATr 0.03 RATRAINERY NEINEIRERENDINEISENSSIREN ENOSENUSENOSNorg
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________________ -0--0--0--0---0-0--0-0 506 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya durbhAvanA do prakAra kI hai (1) svArthasiddhi-mUlaka arthAt apanA svArtha siddha karane ke liye dUsare ko galata bAta batAnA. (2) dveSamUlaka-dUsare ko hAni pahu~cAne kI bhAvanA. isa vrata kA mukhya sambandha bhASaNa ke sAtha hai; kintu durbhAvanA se prerita mAnasika cintana tathA kAyika vyApAra bhI isameM A jAte haiM. satya kI zreSThatA ke viSaya meM upaniSad meM kahA hai-'satyameva jayate nAnRtaM' arthAt satya kI jIta hotI hai, jhUTha kI nahIM. dUsarA vAkya jaina-zAstroM meM milatA hai-'saccaM logammi sArabhUyaM'-arthAt satya hI duniyA meM sArabhUta hai. ina donoM meM bheda batAte hue kAkA kAlelakara ne likhA hai ki prathama vAkya meM hiMsA milI huI hai, jIta meM hArane vAle kI hiMsA chipI huI hai. ahiMsaka mArga to vaha hai jahA~ zatru aura mitra donoM kI jIta hotI hai, hAra kisI kI nahIM hotI. dUsarA vAkya yaha batAtA hai ki satya hI vizva kA sAra hai, usI para duniyA TikI huI hai. jisa prakAra ganne kA mUlya usake sAra arthAta rasa para Azrita hai isI prakAra jIvana kA mUlya satya para AdhArita hai. yahA~ jIta aura hAra kA prazna nahIM hai. upaniSadoM meM satya ko Izvara kA rUpa batAyA gayA hai aura use lakSya meM rakha kara abhaya arthAt ahiMsA kA upadeza diyA gayA hai. jaina-dharma AcArapradhAna hai ataH ahiMsA ko sAmane rakha kara usa para satya kI pratiSThA karatA hai. upaniSadoM meM vizva ke mUlatattvoM kI khoja arthAt darzanazAstra kI pradhAnatA hai. ataH vahAM satya ko AdhAra banAkara ahiMsA kA saMdeza diyA gayA hai. isI kA dUsarA nAma ekatA kA darzana yA abheda kA sAkSAtkAra hai, vahA~ bhedabuddhi hI hiMsA hai. zrAvaka apane satya-vrata meM sthUla-mRSAvAda kA tyAga karatA hai. una dinoM sthUla-mRSAvAda ke jo rUpa the, yahA~ unakI gaNanA kI gaI hai : 1. kanyAlIka-vaivAhika saMbandha ke samaya kanyA ke viSaya meM jhUThI bAteM kahanA. usakI Ayu, svAsthya, zikSA Adi ke viSaya meM dUsare ko dhokhA denA. isa asatya ke pariNAma svarUpa vara tathA kanyApakSa meM aisI kaTutA AjAtI hai ki kanyA kA jIvana dUbhara ho jAtA hai. 2. gavAlIka-gAya, bhaiMsa Adi pazuoM kA lena-dena karate samaya jhUTha bolanA. vartamAna samaya ko lakSya meM rakhakara kahA jAya to kraya-vikraya saMbandhI sArA jhUTha isameM AjAtA hai. 3. bhUmyalIka-bhUmi ke saMbandha meM jhUTha bolanA. 4. sthApanamRSA-kisI kI dharohara yA giravI rakhI huI vastu ke liye jhUTha bolanA. 1. kUTasAkSI-nyAyAlaya Adi meM jhUThI sAkSI denA. uparokta pAMcoM bAteM vyavahArazuddhi se saMbandha rakhatI haiM aura svastha samAja ke liye Avazyaka hai. isa vrata ke pA~ca ati cAra nimnalikhita haiM: 1. sahasAbhyAkhyAna-vinA vicAre kisI para jhUThA Aropa lagAnA. 2. rahasyAbhyAkhyAna-rAga meM Akara vinoda ke liye kisI pati-patnI athavA anya snehiyoM ko alaga kara denA, kiMvA kisI ke sAmane dUsare para doSAropaNa karanA. 3. svadAramantrabheda-Apasa meM prIti TUTa jAya, isa khyAla ne eka-dUsare kI cugalI khAnA yA kisI kI gupta bAta ko prakaTa kara denA. 5. mithyopadeza-saccA-jhUThA samajhA kara kisI ko ulTe rAste DAlanA. 5. kUTa lekhakriyA-mohara, hastAkSara Adi dvArA jhUThI likhA-par3hI karanA tathA khoTA sikkA calAnA Adi. tattvArthasUtra meM sahasAbhyAkhyAna ke sthAna para nyAsApahAra hai, isakA artha hai kisI kI dharohara rakha kara iMkAra kara jAnA. Jain Edus
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________________ Jain Edu DA0 indracandra zAstrI : zrAvakadharma : 507 pracIyaM prata zrAvaka kA tIsarA vrata acaurya hai. vaha sthUla corI kA tyAga karatA hai. isake nIce likhe rUpa haiM : dUsare ke ghara meM seMdha lagAnA, tAlA tor3anA yA apanI cAbhI lagA kara kholanA, vinA pUche dUsare kI gAMTha khola kara cIja nikAlanA, yAtriyoM ko lUTanA athavA DAke mAranA. isa vrata ke pAMca aticAra nIce likhe anusAra haiM : 1. stenAhRta -cora ke dvArA lAI gaI corI kI vastu kharIdanA yA ghara meM rakhanA. 2. taskaraprayoga - AdamI rakha kara corI, DakaitI, ThagI Adi karAnA. 3. virudvarAjyAtikrama -- bhinna-bhinna rAjya vastuoM ke AyAta-niryAta para kucha bandhana lagA dete haiM athavA una para kara Adi kI vyavasthA kara dete haiM. rAjya ke aise niyamoM kA ullaMghana karanA viruddha rAjyAtikrama hai. 4. kUTatulA kUTamAna- -nApa tathA tola meM beImAnI karanA. 2. tatpratirUpaka vyavahAra-vastu meM milAvaTa karanA yA acchI vastu dikhA kara burI vastu denA. satya tathA acaurya vrata ke aticAroM kA vyApAra tathA vyavahAra meM kitanA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai, yaha batAne kI AvazyakatA nahIM. svadArasantoSa vrata zrAvaka kA cauthA vrata brahmacarya hai. isameM vaha parAyI strI ke sAtha sahavAsa kA parityAga karatA hai aura apanI strI ke sAtha usakI maryAdA sthira karatA hai. yaha vrata sAmAjika sadAcAra kA mUla hai aura vaiyaktika vikAsa ke liye bhI atyAvazyaka hai. isake pA~ca aticAra nimna haiM: 1. icate parigrahItAgamana - aisI strI ke sAtha sahavAsa karanA jo kucha samaya ke liye grahaNa kI gaI ho. bhAratIya saMskRti meM vivAha saMbandha samasta jIvana ke liye hotA hai. aisI strI bhoga aura tyAga donoM meM sahayoga detI hai jaisA ki AnandAdika zrAvakoM kI patniyoM ke jIvana se siddha hotA hai. isake viparIta, jo strI kucha samaya ke liye apanAI jAtI hai vaha bhoga ke liye hotI hai, vaha jIvana ke utthAna meM sahAyaka nahIM ho sakatI. zrAvaka ko aisI strI se gamana nahIM karanA cAhie. 2. aparigRhItanamana vaMzyA Adi ke sAtha sahavAsa 3. granaMgakrIr3A --- aprAkRtika maithuna arthAt sahavAsa ke prAkRtika aMgoM ko chor3akara anya aMgoM se sahavAsa karanA. 4. paravivAhakaraNa -- dUsaroM kA paraspara saMbandha karAnA. 5. kAmabhogatIvAbhilASa--viSaya bhoga tathA kAma-krIr3A meM tIvra Asakti. paravivAhakaraNa aticAra hone para bhI zrAvaka ke liye usakI maryAdA nizcita hai. apanI santAna tathA Azrita janoM kA vivAha karanA usakA uttaradAyitva hai. isI prakAra pazudhana rakhane vAle ko gAya, bhaiMsa Adi pazuoM kA saMbandha bhI karAnA par3atA hai, zrAvaka ko isakI chUTa hai. aparigraha parimANa - vrata isakA artha hai zrAvaka ko apanI dhana-sampatti kI maryAdA nizcita karanI cAhie aura usase adhika sampatti na rakhanI cAhie. sampatti hamAre jIvana nirvAha kA eka sAdhana hai. sAdhana vahIM taka upAdeya hotA hai jahA~ taka vaha apane sAdhya kI pUrti karatA hai. saMpatti sukha ke sthAna para dukhoM kA kAraNa bana jAtI hai aura Atma-vikAsa ko rokatI hai ataH heya hai. isI se ary.org
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________________ 508 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-prantha : dvitIya adhyAya lie sAdhu sampatti kA sarvathA tyAga karatA hai aura bhikSA para jIvana nirvAha karatA hai. sAdhu vastra--Adi upakaraNoM kI taraha apane zarIra ke prati bhI mamatva nahIM karatA. zrAvaka bhI usI lakSya ko Adarza mAnatA hai kintu laukika AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti ke liye maryAdita sampatti rakhatA hai. Aja mAnava bhautika vikAsa ko apanA lakSya mAna rahA hai. vaha 'sva' ke liye sampatti ke sthAna para sampatti ke liye 'sva' ko mAnane lagA hai. bhautika AkAMkSAoM kI pUrti ke liye samasta AdhyAtmika guNoM ko tilAMjali de rahA hai. pariNAma-svarUpa tathAkathita vikAsa vibhISikA bana gayA hai. parigraha parimANa vrata isa bAta kI ora saMketa karatA hai ki jIvana kA lakSya bAhya sampatti nahIM hai. isa vrata kA mahattva eka anya dRSTi se bhI hai. saMsAra meM sonA, cAMdI, bhUmi, anna, vastrAdi sampatti kitanI bhI ho, para vaha aparimita nahIM hai. yadi eka vyakti usakA adhika saMcaya karatA hai to dUsare ke sAtha saMgharSa honA anivArya hai. isI AdhAra para rAjAoM aura pUMjIpatiyoM meM paraspara cirakAla se saMgharSa cale A rahe haiM, jinakA bhayaMkara pariNAma sAdhAraNa janatA bhugatatI A rahI hai. vartamAna yuga meM rAjAoM aura vyApAriyoM ne apane-apane saMgaThana banA liye haiM aura una saMgaThanoM meM paraspara pratidvandvitA calatI rahatI hai. yaha saba anargala lAlasA aura sampatti para kisI prakAra kI maryAdA na rakhane kA pariNAma hai. isI asantoSa kI pratikriyA ke rUpa meM rUsa ne rAjya-krAnti kI aura sampatti para vaiyaktika adhikAra ko samApta kara diyA. dUsarI ora bhUpatiyoM kI sattA-lAlasA aura pariNAmasvarUpa hone vAle bhayaMkara yuddhoM ko rokane vAle lokatantrI zAsana-paddhati prayoga meM lAI gaI. phira bhI samasyAeM nahIM sulajhI. jaba taka vyakti nahIM sudharatA, saMgaThanoM se apekSita lAbha nahIM mila sakatA. kyoMki saMgaThana vyaktiyoM ke samUha kA hI nAma hai. parigrahaparimANa vrata vaiyaktika jIvana para svecchA se aMkuza rakhane ke liye kahatA hai. isameM nIce likhe nau prakAra ke parigraha kI maryAdA kA vidhAna hai : 1. kSetra-(kheta) arthAt upajAU bhUmi kI maryAdA. 2. vastu-makAna Adi. 3. hiraNya-cAMdI. 4. suvarNa-sonA. 5. dvipada-dAsa, dAsI. 6. catuSpada-gAya, bhaisa ghor3e Adi pazudhana. 7. dhana-rupaye paise sikke yA noTa Adi. 8. dhAnya-anna, gehU~, cAvala Adi khAdya-sampati. 6. kupya yA gopya-tAMbA, pItala Adi anya dhAtueM. kahIM kahIM hiraNya meM suvarNa ke atirikta zeSa saba dhAtueM grahaNa kI gaI haiM aura kupya yA gopya dhana kA artha kiyA hai hIre, mANikya, motI ratna Adi. isa vrata ke aticAroM meM prathama ATha ko do-do kI jor3I meM ikTThA kara diyA gayA hai aura naveM ko alaga liyA gayA hai, isa prakAra nIce likhe pAMca aticAra batAye gaye haiM : 1. kSetra-vAstu parimANAtikrama. 2. hiraNya-suvarNa parimANAtikrama. 3. dvipada-catuSpadaparimANAtikrama. 4. dhana-dhAnyaparimANAtikrama. 1. kupyaparimANAtikrama. OMWants -CR4 ___Jain EduTE membrary.org
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________________ DA0 indracandra zAstrI : zrAvakadharma : 206 ---0--0--0--0--0-0--0--0-0 dizA-parimANa-vrata pAMcaveM vrata meM sampatti kI maryAdA sthira kI gaI. chaThe dizAparimANa vrata meM pravRttiyoM kA kSetra sImita kiyA jAtA hai. dhAvaka yaha nizcaya karatA hai ki Upara nIce evaM cAroM dizAoM meM nizcita sImA se Age bar3hakara maiM koI svArthamUlaka pravRtti nahIM karUMgA. sAdhu ke liye kSetra kI maryAdA kA vidhAna nahIM hai kyoMki usakI koI pravRtti hiMsAtmaka yA svArthamUlaka nahIM hotI. vaha kisI ko kaSTa nahIM pahuMcAtA pratyuta dharma-pracArArtha hI ghUmatA hai. vihAra arthAt dharma-pracAra ke liye ghUmate rahanA usakI sAdhanA kA Avazyaka aMga hai kintu zrAvaka kI pravRttiyAM hiMsAtmaka bhI hotI haiM ataH unakI maryAdA sthira karanA Avazyaka hai. vibhinna rAjyoM meM hone vAle saMgharSoM ko rakhakara vicAra kiyA jAya to isa vrata kA mahattva dhyAna meM A jAtA hai aura yaha pratIta hone lagatA hai ki vartamAna yuga meM bhI isa kA kitanA mahattva hai. yadi vibhinna rAjya apanI-apanI rAjanItika evaM Arthika sImAeM nizcata karaleM to bahuta se saMgharSa ruka jAeM. zrIjavAharalAla neharU ne rASTroM meM paraspara vyavahAra ke liye paMcazIla ke rUpa meM jo AcAra-saMhitA banAI thI usameM isa. siddhAnta ko pramukha sthAna diyA hai ki koI rAjya dUsare rAjya meM hastakSepa nahIM karegA. isa vrata ke pAMca aticAra nimnalikhita haiM : 1. Urva dizA meM maryAdA kA atikramaNa. 2. adho dizA meM maryAdA kA atikramaNa. 3. tirachI dizA arthAt pUrva, pazcima, uttara aura dakSiNa meM maryAdA kA atikramaNa. 4. kSetravRddhi-arthAt asAvadhAnI yA bhUla meM maryAdA ke kSetra ko bar3hA lenA. 5. smRti-antardhAna-maryAdA kA smaraNa na rakhanA, upabhogaparibhoga-parimANa-vrata sAtaveM vrata meM vaiyaktika AvazyakatAoM para niyaMtraNa kiyA gayA hai. upabhoga kA artha hai bhojana-pAnI Adi vastueM jo aneka bAra kAma meM lAI jA sakatI haiM. upabhoga aura paribhoga zabdoM kA uparokta artha bhagavatI zataka 7 uddezA 2 meM tathA haribhadrIyAvazyaka adhyayana 6 sUtra 7 meM kiyA gayA hai. upAsakadazAMga sUtra kI abhayadeva TIkA meM uparokta artha ke sAtha viparIta artha bhI diyA gayA hai arthAt eka bAra kAma meM Ane vAlI vastu ko paribhoga tathA bAra-bAra kAma meM Ane vAlI vastu ko upabhoga batAyA gayA hai. isa vrata meM do dRSTiyAM rakhI gaI haiM--bhoga aura karma. bhoga kI dRSTi ko lakSya meM rakhakara 26 bAteM ginAI gaI haiM jinakI maryAdA sthira karanA zrAvaka ke liye Avazyaka hai, unameM bhojana, snAna, vilepana, dantadhAvana, vastra Adi samasta vastueM A gaI haiM. isa se jJAta hotA hai ki zrAvaka ke jIvana meM kisa prakAra kA anuzAsana thA, kisa prakAra vaha apane jIvana ko santoSamaya aura sAdA banAtA hai. unameM snAna tathA danta-dhAvana Adi kA spaSTa ullekha hai. ataH jainiyoM para gande rahane kA jo Aropa lagAyA jAtA hai vaha mithyA hai, apane Alasya yA aviveka ke kAraNa koI bhI gandA raha sakatA hai-vaha jaina ho yA ajaina, usake liye dharma ko doSa denA ucita nahIM hai. dUsarI dRSTi karma kI apekSA se hai. zrAvaka ko aisI AjIvikA nahIM karanI cAhie jisameM adhika hiMsA ho, jaise-koyale banAnA, jaMgala sApha karanA, baila Adi ko nAthanA yA khassI karanA Adi. usako aise dhandhe bhI nahIM karanA cAhie jinase aparAdha yA durAcAra kI vRddhi ho, jaise--durAcAriNI striyoM ko niyukta karake vaizyAvRtti karAnA, cora, DAkuoM ko sahAyatA denA Adi. isake liye 15 karmAdAna ginAe gae haiM. uparokta 26 bAtoM tathA 15 karmAdAnoM ko vistRta rUpa meM jAnane ke liye upAsakadazAMga sUtra kA prathama Ananda-adhyayana dekhanA cAhie. Jain Eduation internation Private&Personal us ainelibrary.org
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________________ 110 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya anarthadaNDa viramaNa-vrata pA~caveM vrata meM sampatti kI maryAdA kI gaI aura chaThe meM sampatti yA svArthamUlaka pravRttiyoM kI. sAtaveM meM pratidina vyavahAra meM AnevAlI bhogyasAmagrI para niyaMtraNa kiyA gayA. AThaveM meM vaiyaktika halacala yA zArIrika ceSTAoM para anuzAsana hai. zrAvaka ke liye vyartha kI bAteM karanA, zekhI mAranA, niSprayojana pravRtti karanA varjita hai. isI prakAra use apanI gharelu vastueM vyavasthita rakhanI cAhie. aisA koI kArya nahIM karanA cAhie jisase lAbha kucha bhI na ho aura dUsare ko kaSTa pahu~ce / anarthadaNDa arthAt niSprayojana hiMsA ke cAra rUpa batAye gaye haiM : 1. apadhyAnAcarita-citA yA krUra vicAroM ke kAraNa hone vAlI hiMsA. dhana sampatti kA nAza, putra-strI Adi priyajana kA viyoga Adi kAraNoM se manuSya ko cintAyeM hotI rahatI haiM kintu unase lAbha kucha bhI nahIM varan apanI hI AtmA nirbala hotI hai. isI prakAra krUra yA dveSapUrNa vicAra rakhane se bhI koI lAbha nahIM hotA aise vicAroM ko apadhyAnAcarita anarthadaNDa kahA gayA hai. 2. pramAdAcarita-Alasya yA asAvadhAnI ke kAraNa hone vAlI hiMsA. ghI, tela tathA pAnI vAlI khAdya vastuoM ko vinA hu~ke rakhanA tathA anya prakAra kI asAvadhAnI isa zreNI meM A jAtI hai. yadi koI vyakti sar3aka para calate samaya, yAtrA karate samaya yA anya vyavahAra meM dUsare kA dhyAna nahIM rakhatA aura aisI ceSTAeM karatA hai jisase dUsare ko kaSTa pahuMce to yaha saba pramAdAcarita hai / 3. hiMsrapradAna--dUsare vyakti ko zikAra khelane Adi ke liye zastrAstra denA jisase vyartha hI hiMsA ke prati nimitta bananA par3e. hiMsAtmaka kAryoM ke liye Arthika yA anya prakAra kI sabhI sahAyatA isameM A jAtI haiM. 4. pApakarmopadeza-kisI manuSya yA pazu ko mArane, pITane yA taMga karane ke liye dUsaroM ko ubhAranA. bahudhA dekhA gayA hai ki bAlaka vinA kisI dveSa-buddhi ke kisI bhikhamaMge, yA ghAyala-pazu ko taMga karane lagate haiM aura pAsa meM khar3e dUsare manuSya tamAzA dekhane ke liye unheM ukasAte haiM yaha saba pApakarmopadeza hai. isI prakAra corI, DakaitI, vezyAvRtti Adi ke liye dUsaroM ko prerita karanA, va aisI salAha denI bhI isI ke antargata hai. isa vrata ke pA~ca aticAra nimnalikhita haiM : 1. kadaMrpa-kAmottejaka cepAyeM yA bAteM karanA, 2. kautkucya-bhAMDoM ke samAna hAtha, paira paTakAnA tathA nAka muMha A~kha Adi se vikRta ceSTAyeM karanA. 3. maukharya-mukha ra arthAt vAcAla bananA. bar3ha-bar3ha kara bAteM karanA aura apanI zekhI mAranA. 4. saMyuktAdhikaraNa-hathiyAroM evaM hiMsaka sAdhanoM kI AvazyakatA ke vinA hI jor3a kara rakhanA. 5. upabhogaparibhogAtireka-bhogya sAmagrI ko AvazyakatA se adhika bar3hAnA. vaibhava pradarzana ke liye makAna, kapar3e, pharnicara Adi kA AvazyakatA se adhika saMgraha karanA Adi isa aticAra ke antargata haiM. isase dUsaroM meM IrSyA vRtti utpanna hotI hai aura apanA jIvana unhIM kI vyavasthA meM ulajha jAtA hai. sAmAyika-vrata chaThe, sAtaveM aura AThaveM vrata meM vyakti kI bAhya ceSTAoM para niyaMtraNa batAyA gayA. naveM se lekara bAraveM taka cAra vrata Antarika anuzAsana yA zuddhi ke liye haiM. inakA anuSThAna sAdhanA ke rUpa meM alpa samaya ke liye kiyA jAtA hai. jisa prakAra vaidika paramparA meM saMdhyA-vaMdana tathA musalamAnoM meM namAja dainika kRtya ke rUpa meM vihita haiM, usI prakAra jaina-paramparA meM sAmAyika aura pratikramaNa haiM. sAmAyika kA artha hai jIvana meM samatA ko utArane kA abhyAsa. sAdhu kA sArA jIvana sAmAyika rUpa hotA hai arthAt usakA pratyeka kArya samatA kA anuSThAna hai. zrAvaka pratidina kucha samaya ke C www.atelibrary.org
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________________ DA0 indracandra zAstrI: zrAvakadharma : 11 liye usakA anuSThAna karatA hai. samatA kA artha 'sva' aura 'para' meM samAnatA. jainadharma kA kathana hai ki jisa prakAra hama sukha cAhate haiM aura duHkha se ghabarAte haiM, usI prakAra pratyeka prANI cAhatA hai. hameM dUsare ke sAtha vyavahAra karate samaya usake sthAna para apane ko rakhakara socanA cAhie, usake kaSToM ko apanA kaSTa, usake sukha ko apanA sukha mAnanA cAhie. samatA ke isa siddhAnta para vizvAsa rakhane vAlA vyakti kisI kI hiMsA nahIM karegA. kisI ko kaThora zabda nahIM kahegA aura na mana meM kisI kA burA socegA. pahale batAyA jA cukA hai ki vyavahAra meM samatA kA artha hai ahiMsA jo jainazAstra kA prANa hai. vicAroM meM samatA kA artha hai syAdvAda, jo jainadarzana kI AdhArazilA hai. pratikramaNa kA artha hai vApisa lauTanA. sAdhaka apane pichale kRtyoM kI ora lauTatA hai. unake bhale-bure para vicAra karatA hai, bhUloM ke liye pazcAttApa karatA hai aura bhaviSya meM unase bace rahane kA nizcaya karatA hai. zrAvaka aura sAdhu donoM ke liye pratikramaNa kA vidhAna hai. isakA dUsarA nAma Avazyaka hai arthAt yaha eka Avazyaka dainika kartavya hai. zrAvaka ke vratoM meM sAmAyika kA navAM sthAna hai kintu Atmazuddhi ke liye vidhAna kiye gae cAra vratoM meM isakA pahalA sthAna hai isake pAMca aticAra nimnalikhita haiM : 1. manoduSpraNidhAna-mana meM bure vicAra AnA. 2. vacanaduSpraNidhAna-vacana kA durupayoga, kaThora yA asatya bhASaNa. 3. kAyaduSpraNidhAna--zarIra kI kupravRtti. 4- smRtyakaraNa-sAmAyika ko bhUla jAnA arthAt samaya Ane para na karanA. 5. anavasthitatA-sAmAyika ko asthira hokara yA zIghratA meM karanA nizcita vidhi ke anusAra na karanA. dezAvakAzika vrata isa vrata meM zrAvaka yathAzakti dina-rAta yA alpa samaya ke liye dharma ke liye sAdhu ke samAna caryA kA pAlana karatA hai. sAmAyika prAyaH do ghar3I ke liye kI jAtI hai aura sArA samaya dhArmika anuSThAna meM lagAyA jAtA hai. khAnA, pInA, nIMda lenA Adi vajita haiM kintu isa vrata meM bhojana Adi vajita nahIM hai kintu unameM ahiMsA kA pAlana Avazyaka hai. isa vrata ko dezAvakAza kahA jAtA hai. arthAt isameM sAdhaka nizcita kAla ke liye deza yA kSetra kI maryAdA karatA hai, usake bAhara kisI prakAra kI pravRtti nahIM karatA. zrAvaka ke liye caudaha niyamoM kA vidhAna hai arthAt use pratidina apane bhojana, pAna tathA anya pravRttiyoM ke viSaya meM maryAdA nizcita karanA cAhie. isase jIvana meM anuzAsana tathA dRr3hatA AtI hai. ve nimnalikhita hai : 1. sacitta- pratidina anna, phala, pAnI Adi ke rUpa meM jina sacitta arthAt jIvasahita vastuoM kA sevana kiyA jAtA hai unakI maryAdA nizcita karanA. yaha maryAdA saMkhyA, tola evaM vAra ke rUpa meM kI jAtI haiM. 2. dhya-khAne, pIne sambandhI vastuoM kI maryAdA, udAharaNa ke rUpa meM bhojana ke samaya amuka saMkhyA se adhika bhojana nahIM grahaNa karUMgA. 3. vigaya-ghI, tela, dUdha, dahI, gur3a aura pakvAnna kI maryAdA. 4. paNNI--- upAnahaM-(jUte, moje, khar3AUM Adi paira meM pahanI jAne vAlI vastuoM) kI maryAdA. 5. tAmbUla-pAna, supArI, ilAyacI, cUrNa, khaTAI Adi kI maryAdA. 6. vastra pratidina vastroM ke pahanane kI maryAdA. 7. kusuma-phUla, itra Adi sugandhita padArthoM kI maryAdA. 8. vAhana-savArI kI maryAdA. hai. zayana zaiyyA evaM sthAna kI maryAdA. HOM MYSlibrary.org
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________________ -0--0--0--0--0-0-0--0-0-0 212 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya 10. vilepana kesara, candana, tela Adi lepa kiye jAne vAle dravyoM kI maryAdA. 11. abrahmacarya-maithuna sevana kI maryAdA. 12. dizi-Upara, nIce tathA cAroM dizAoM meM yAtAyAta tathA anya pravRttiyoM kI maryAdA. 13. snAna-snAnoM kI saMkhyA tathA jala kI maryAdA. 14. bhakta-cAra prakAra ke AhAra kI maryAdA. isa vrata ke nimnalikhita pAMca aticAra haiM : 1. zrAnayanaprayoga-maryAdita kSetra se bAhara kI vastu maMgAne ke liye kisI ko bhejanA. 2. preSyaprayoga-naukara, cAkara Adi ko bhejanA. 3. zabdAnupAta-kisI prakAra ke zAbdika saMketa dvArA bAhara kI vastu maMgAnA. 4. rUpAnupAta--hAtha Adi kA izArA karanA, 5. pudagalaprakSepa-kaMkara, patthara Adi pheMka kara kisI kA dhyAna apanI ora AkRSTa karanA. pauSadhopavAsa vrata 'pauSadha' zabda saMskRta ke upavaSatha zabda se banA hai. isakA artha hai dharmAcArya ke samIpa yA dharmasthAna meM rahanA. upavaSatha arthAt dharma sthAna meM nivAsa karate hue upavAsa karanA pauSadhopavAsa vrata hai. yaha dina-rAta arthAt ATha praharoM kA hotA hai aura aSTamI, caturdazI Adi parva-tithiyoM para kiyA jAtA hai. isa vrata meM nIce likhA tyAga kiyA jAtA : 1. bhojana, pAnI Adi cAroM prakAra ke AhAroM kA tyAga. 2. abrahmacarya kA tyAga. 3. AbhUSaNoM kA tyAga. 4. mAlA, tela Adi sugaMdhita dravyoM kA tyAga. 5. samasta sAvadma arthAt doSapUrNa pravRttiyoM kA tyAga. isake pAMca aticAra nivAsa sthAna kI dekharekha evaM prabhArjana ke sAtha saMbaMdha rakhate haiM. atithisaMvibhAga vrata saMvibhAga kA artha hai apanI sampatti evaM bhogya vastuoM meM vibhAjana karanA arthAt dUsare ko denA. atithi ke liye kiyA jAne vAlA vibhAjana atithi saMvibhAga hai. vaidika paramparA meM bhI atithisevA gRhastha ke pradhAna kartavyoM meM ginI gaI hai kintu jaina-paramparA meM atithi zabda kA viziSTa artha hai. yahA~ nirdoSa jIvana vyatIta karane vAle sAdhuoM ko hI atithi mAnA gayA hai. unheM bhojana, pAnI vastra Adi denA atithi saMvibhAga vrata hai. isake nIce likhe pAMca aticAra haiM : 1. sacittApidhAna-sAdhu ke grahaNa karane yogya nirdoSa AhAra meM koI sacitta vastu milA denA jisase vaha grahaNa na kara sake. 2. sacittapidhAna-dene yogya vastu ko sacitta vastu se DhaMkanA. 3. kAlAtikrama-bhojana kA samaya vyatIta hone para nimaMtrita karanA. 4. paravyapadeza-na dene kI bhAvanA se apanI vastu ko parAyI batAnA. 5. mAtsarya-mana meM IrSyA yA durbhAvanA rakhakara dAna denA. jainadharma meM dAna ke do rUpa haiM--anukampAdAna aura supAtra dAna. anukampA samyaktva kA aMga hai. isakA artha hai pratyeka AMETHORE Jain Education G/.org
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________________ DA0 indracandra zAstrI : zrAvakadharma : 213 dukhI yA abhAvagrasta ko dekha kara usake prati karuNA yA sahAnubhUti pragaTa karanA aura usake dukha ko dUra karane ke liye yathAzakti sahAyatA denA. isase AtmA meM udAratA, maMtrI Adi sadguNoM kI vRddhi hotI hai. sAdhu-sAdhvI ko diyA jAne vAlA dAna supAtra dAna kahalAtA hai. gyAraha pratimAyeM lambe samaya taka vratoM kA pAlana karatA huA zrAvaka pUrNa tyAga kI ora agrasara hotA hai. utsAha bar3hane para eka dina kuTumba kA uttaradAyitva santAna ko sauMpa detA hai aura pauSadhazAlA meM jAkara sArA samaya dharmAnuSThAna meM bitAne lagatA hai. usa samaya vaha uttarottara sAdhutA kI ora bar3hatA hai. kucha dinoM taka apane ghara se bhojana maMgAnA hai aura phira usakA bhI tyAga karake bhikSA para nirvAha karane lagatA hai, ina vratoM ko gyAraha pratimAoM ke rUpa meM pragaTa kiyA gayA hai. pratimA zabda kA artha hai sAdRzya. jaba zrAvaka sAdhu ke sadRza hone ke liye prayatnazIla hotA hai to usakA AcAra, pratimA kahA jAtA hai. ina kI vistRta carcA ke liye upAsakadAMza sUtra kA AnaMda adhyana dekhanA cAhie. saMlekhanA vata zramaNa paramparA jIvana ko apane Apa meM lakSya nahIM mAnatI. usakA kathana hai ki sAdhanA kA lakSya AtmA kA vikAsa hai aura jIvana usakA sAdhana mAtra hai. jisa dina yaha pratIta hone lage ki zarIra zithila ho gayA hai, vaha dharma sAdhanA meM sahAyaka hone ke sthAna para vighna-bAdhAeM upasthita karane lagA hai to usa samaya yaha ucita hai ki usakA parityAga kara de. isI parityAga ko aMtima saMlekhanA vrata kahA hai. isameM zrAvaka yA sAdhu AhAra kA parityAga karake dharmaciMtana meM lIna ho jAtA hai, na jIvana kI AkAMkSA karatA hai, na mRtyu kI, na yaza kI, na aihika yA pAralaukika sukhoM kI dhana, sampatti, parivAra, zarIra Adi sabase anAsakta ho jAtA hai. isa prakAra AyuSya pUrA hone para zAnti tathA sthiratA ke sAtha deha kA parityAga karatA hai.. isa vrata ko Atma hatyA samajhanA bhUla hai. vyakti Atma hatyA taba karatA hai jaba kisI kAmanA ko pUrA nahIM kara pAtA aura vaha itanI balavatI ho jAtI hai ki usakI pUrti ke vinA jIvana bojha jAna par3atA hai aura usa bojha ko utAre vinA zAMti asambhava pratIta hotI hai. Atma hatyA kA dUsarA kAraNa utkaTa vedanA yA mArmika AghAta hotA hai. donoM paristhitiyAM vyakti kI nirbalatA ko pragaTa karatI hai. isake viparIta saMlekhanA tyAga kI utkaTatA tathA hRdaya kI parama dRr3hatA ko pragaTa karatI hai. jahA~ vyakti vinA kisI kAmanA ke zAntipUrvaka apane Apa jIvana kA utsarga karatA hai. Atma-hatyA nirAzA tathA vivazatA kI parAkASThA hai, saMlekhanA vIratA kA vaha udAtta rUpa hai jahAM eka sipAhI haMsate-haMsate prANoM kA utsarga kara detA hai. sipAhI meM Aveza rahatA hai kintu saMlekhanA meM vaha bhI nahIM hotA. isa vrata ke pA~ca aticAra nimnalikhita haiM : 1. ghana, parivAra Adi isa loka sambandhI kisI vastu kI AkAMkSA karanA. 2. svarga sukha Adi paraloka se sambandha rakhane vAlI kisI bAta kI AkAMkSA karanA. 3. jIvana kI AkAMkSA karanA. 4. kaSToM se ghabarA kara zIghra marane kI AkAMkSA karanA. 5. atRpta kAmanAoM kI pUrti ke rUpa meM kAma-bhogoM kI AkAMkSA karanA. upasaMhAra saMlekhanA taka jina vratoM kA yahA~ pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai ve eka Adarza gRhastha kI caryA pragaTa karate haiM. upAsakadazA~ga sUtra ke prathama adhyayana meM ina sabakA vistRta varNana hai.
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________________ TRAINTIMATIPATIALAPURANT UNINTURAL muni zrIsantabAlajI janazAsana aura jinazAsana 'savve jIva karuM zAsanarasi, aisI bhAvadayA mana ulasI' isa prasiddha vAkya kA artha spaSTa hai ki jaba sarvAMgINa aura saccA AtmajJAna prakaTa hotA hai taba prANi-mAtra ko jinakA rasika banAne kI bhAva-dayA apane Apa utpanna ho jAtI hai. parantu jinazAsana kI imArata janazAsana ke dRr3ha pAye ke vinA lambe samaya Tika nahIM sakatI. isI se uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM kahA hai ki cAra aMga milanA durlabha hai. unameM bhI mAnavatA sabase pahalA aMga hai. vaha mUla gAthA isa prakAra hai : cattAri paramaMgANi, dullahANIha jantuNo, mANusattaM suI saddhA saMjamammi ya vIriyaM / manuSyatva athavA mAnavatA arthAt janazAsana kI AdhArazilA hai ! bhagavAn RSabhanAtha isa avasarpiNI kAla meM, isa kSetra meM sarva prathama tIrthaMkara bhagavAn RSabhanAtha ne yugalika dharma kA nivAraNa karake isI kAraNa suyogya janazAsana kA bIjAropaNa kiyA thA. unhoMne svayaM, jaba ve svayaM kSAyika samyagdRSTi the taba, janatA ko rojI-roTI ke liye khetI, pazupAlana, vyavahAra ke liye kalama aura surakSA ke liye zastrakalA sIkhane kI preraNA kI thI. bhArata ke isa Adi samAja ke netA ne logoM ko itanA karmaTha evaM svAvalambI banAyA ki jisase vyakti svAtaMtrya kI rakSA ke sAtha-sAtha sAmAjika jIvana kA Ananda milA kare aura mAnava jAti kA vikAsa hotA rahe, kyoMki mAnava jAti nirbhaya aura zAnta ho to hI saMsAra ke choTe moTe sabhI jIva nirbhayatA aura zAnti anubhava karane kA saubhAgya prApta kara sakate haiM. RSabhayuga meM mAnavabuddhi aura mAnavahRdaya kA susamanvaya thA. bhale hI karmaThatA kaccI thI. tatpazcAt vividha yuga, Aye, kAlarAtriyAM bhI AIM aura bIta gaIM. ina yugoM meM hRdaya aura buddhi kA samanvaya huA, sAtha hI karmaThatA kA vikAsa huA aura aparaMpAra bauddhika vikAsa huA. bhagavAn mahAvIra bhagavAna mahAvIra kA kAla eka ora jahAM viSama thA, dUsarI ora cAritrya ke camatkAroM kA bhI thA. usa yuga meM janazAsana ke pAye ko majabUta karane ke liye jo bhagIratha puruSArtha huye unameM se nIce likhI do tIna ghaTanAeM usa rahasya ko spaSTa karane ke lie paryApta hogI. [1] ratna-kambaloM kA eka vikretA nirAza svara meM guna-gunAtA huA rAha para jA rahA hai. vaha kahatA hai--magadha jaise vizAla rAjya kA aura rAjagRhI jaisI rAjadhAnI kA rAjA zreNika bhI yadi merA eka ratna-kambala nahIM kharIda sakatA to merI kalA kI kadra aura kahAM hogI ? kyA magadha rAjya bhI aba akiMcana ho gayA hai ? aTArI meM khar3I huI bhadrA seThAnI ina udgAroM ko suna kara vyApArI ko bulA kara samajhAtI hai--'bhAI, magadha rAjya Jain Education Intemational
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________________ muni santabAla : janazAsana aura jinazAsana : 515 kA-koSAgAra samApta nahIM ho gayA hai kintu prajA kA dhana antaHpura ke vaibhava meM vyaya nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, magadharAja ko isase paraheja hai. Apake pAsa jo kalA hai usakI kadra karane vAle hamAre jaise magadha ke nAgarika maujUda haiM." isa prakAra kaha kara zAlibhadra kI mAtAjI ne solaha ratna-kambala bIsa lAkha jitanI svarNa-muhara dekara pala bhara meM kharIda lI aura dUsare solaha kambaloM kI mAMga kI. kalAkAra, dAMtoM tale uMgalI dabA kara raha gayA. -0--0--0--0-0-0---0--0-0 rAjya kA akSaya bhaMDAra rAjA kA nahIM, rAjA to kevala prajA kA pAlaka hai ! battIsa-battIsa ratna-kambala kraya karane vAle dhanikoM ko dhana kA abhimAna nahIM ! unheM rASTra kA abhimAna hai. kalA kI kadradAnI hai. [2] jisa zAlibhadra ke pAsa itanA vizAla dhanabhaMDAra thA, jisake ghara meM devoM kI samRddhi ThilI par3I thI, usa zAlibhadra ke pAsa zreNika rAjA svayaM pahuMcatA hai. zAlibhadra kI mAtA bhadrA kA hRdaya Ananda-pulikita bana jAtA hai. sattA svayaM janatA ke sAmane jhukane AtI hai, mAtA bhadrA vicAra karatI hai- 'rAjA kaisA hI kyoM na ho Akhira prajA kI surakSA karane vAlA pAlaka pitA sarIkhA hai.' zAlibhadra ko usase milane ke liye nIce bulAyA jAtA hai. zAlibhadra bheMTa to avazya karatA hai para usake mana meM kyA vicAra utpanna hotA hai ? 'sattA se satya mahAn hai. satya sAdhanA kI saccI sattA to bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pAsa hai. aura vaha bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pAsa jAkara jaina sAdhudIkSA aMgIkAra kara letA hai. mAnavadhana aura devadhana kI apekSA sAdhudhana sarvopari hai. vizAla samRddhi aura sattA kI apekSA vAtsalya sattA mahAn hai. jinazAsana ke eka dRr3ha staMbha ke sadRza puNiyA zramaNopAsaka ke pAsa na koI sampatti hai aura na koI sattA hI hai. parizrama karake nyAyasampanna AjIvikA prApta karane kI parama Atmika sampatti hI usake pAsa hai. aura prANimAtra ke sAtha 'sabvabhUyappabhUyassa' kI mahAn Atmika sampatti kA vaha svAmI hai. isI kAraNa rAjA theNika eka bAra yAcaka bana kara usake AMgana meM Akara yAcanA karatA hai-'puNiyAjI, Apa apanI eka sAmAyika mujhe de sakate haiM ?' puNiyA kahatA hai ... sAmAyika Atma-dazA hai jo Apake pAsa hI hai. prANi-mAtra kI hRdaya guphA meM vaha prakAzita hotI hai. vaha lene-dene kI vastu nahIM hai. zreNika narapati samajha gayA. ina tIna ghaTanAoM se spaSTa jJAta ho jAtA hai ki puNiyA jaise zrAvakoM aura zAlibhadra jaise sAdhuoM se jinazAsana kI zobhA hai. bhadrAmAtA prajA aura rAjya ke prati apanA kartavya pAlatI hai para zreNika jaisA nRpa samajha jAtA hai ki rAjA kI apekSA prajA bar3I hai aura prajA kI apekSA satya bar3A hai. isa kAraNa antataH jinazAsana kI anupama sevA karake vaha tIrthaMkara gotra upAjita kara letA hai. Aja paMcama kAla cala rahA hai. jinazAsana kI imArata DagamagA cukI hai. kyoMki janazAsana kA pAyA hila gayA hai. pariNAmasvarUpa duniyA meM jaise rAjyazAsana kA bolabAlA hai, usI prakAra bhArata meM bhI bolabAlA hone lagA. taba eka dharmavIra puruSa Age AyA. usakA nAma thA mahAtmA gAMdhI. usane briTiza zAsana kI sarvoccatA ko cunautI dI. kahA--- "svacchaMda rAjya ke kAnUna kI aura senA kI sattA mahAn - READ Jain Kelibrary.org
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________________ -0-0--0--0--0--0-0-0-0-0 516 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya nahIM, prajA ke naitika kAnUna kI aura prajA kI sAmudAyika cAritra kI sattA mahAn hai. Akhira briTiza zAsana samApta huA. ahiMsA-zakti vAlI prajA kI vijaya huI. gAMdhIjI gaye. eka zUnyatA vyApa gaI. sadbhAgya se isI antarAla meM bhAlanalakAMThA prayoga isI anusaMdhAna meM zurU huA. punaH yaha sUtra gUMja uThA--'rAjya kI apekSA prajA mahAn hai. prajA kI apekSA naitikatA mahAn hai ! aura naitikatA adhyAtmalakSI banI rahe isake liye krAntipriya sAdhu sAdhviyoM kA mArgadarzana anivArya hai.' yadyapi bhAlanalakAMThA pradeza kA vistAra svalpa hai. vahAM (1) krAnti-priya sAdhu preraNA (2) racanAtmaka kAryakartAoM kI saMsthA kA saMcAlana (3) naitika grAma saMgaThana (4) usakA kAMgresa ke sAtha (satya, ahiMsA ke lakSya ko surakSita rakhate huye) anusaMdhAna ke sAtha saphalatA prApta kI jA cukI hai, kintu gaharAI ke sAtha yadi vyApakatA paryApta pramANa meM na Ave to sampUrNa saphalatA kI dizA meM Age bar3hane ke badale pIche haTanA kahalAyagA. isI hetu se jaise paccIsa varSa gujarAta ke grAmoM ko diye gaye haiM, usI prakAra antima lagabhaga 6 varSa se bambaI jaisI mahAnagarI ke sAtha aura itara prAntoM ke sAtha gAr3hA samparka sAdhane ke liye maiM aura sAthI zrInemimuni prayatnazIla haiM. isI dRSTi se nemimuni ne madrAsa meM cAturmAsa kiyA aura lagabhaga ATha prAntoM kA pravAsa kiyA. isIlie hama donoM ne dillI meM cAturmAsa kiyA aura aba kalakatte kI ora prayANa karane kA nizcaya kiyA hai. aba kAMgresa kA kAyApalaTa ho rahA hai. kAMgresa rAjya kI apekSA, kAMgresa kA saMsthA-saMgaThana mahAn hai. itanI bAta usane vidhipUrvaka svIkAra karane kI taiyArI kI hai. kintu jaba taka kA~gresa grAmoM, mahilAjAti aura pichar3I huI jAtiyoM ke vargoM kI naitika saMsthAoM kA mArgadarzana svIkAra nahIM karatI taba taka saccI kAyApalaTa honA azakya hai. aisI paristhiti meM yadi krAntipriya-sAdhu sAdhvI apanA AdhyAtmika bala UparI dRSTi se nAma mAtra ke lie banI huI grAmoM aura zaharoM kI janasaMsthAoM ko arpita kareM-gAMdhIyuga ke racanAtmaka kAryakartA aura uparyukta sAdhu-sAdhvI ke zraddhAlu zrAvaka-zrAvikAeM tathA saMnyAsI bhakta jana apanA naitika bala saMsthArUpa bana kara unheM pradAna kareM aura jahAM aisI saMsthAeM na hoM, vahAM unheM khar3I karane meM laga jAeM to kAMgresa meM kAyApalaTa honA suzakya hai. agara aisA huA to bhale hI aise sAdhu, sAdhvI, zrAvaka, zrAvikA virala mileM, parantu janazAsana ke pAye para nirbhara jinazAsana kI imArata sudRr3ha bana jAegI. sadgata pUjya zrIhajArImalajI mahArAja ke saMtapana ko jaba zraddhAMjali ke rUpa meM yaha smAraka-grantha apita kiyA jA rahA hai, taba yadi jinazAsana ke pAye janazAsana kA ThikAnA na ho aura sattA ke sAmane janatA, janasevaka aura sAdhu-santa mastaka jhukAte raha jAeM, to yaha aMjali kaise sArthaka banegI ? jaba chaThe Are ke anta taka, bhale hI choTA sahI, caturvidha saMgha rahanA hai, taba paMcama Are meM yaha mahattvapUrNa kAma kyoM nahIM bana sakatA ? avazya banegA. FAS {a Jain Education Intemational
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________________ kAkA kAlelakara satyAgraha aura pazu prazna--agara satyAgraha Atma-zakti kA prayoga hai to kyA siMha Adi hisra jAnavaroM ke khilApha satyAgraha cala sakatA hai ? javAba-jisa artha meM Apa satyAgraha zabda kA upayoga karate haiM usa artha meM siMha Adi pazuoM ke prati satyAgraha kA upAya kAragara nahIM ho sakegA. pazuoM meM buddhizakti parimita pAyI jAtI hai. pazuoM meM antarmukha hokara socane kI zakti hamAre dekhane meM AyI nahIM. prathama ApakA hiMsra zabda lIjiye. gAya ghAsa khAtI hai; baMdara phala-patte Adi khAtA hai, pakSI dhAnya bhI khAte haiM aura kIr3e Adi jantuoM ko bhI khA jAte haiM, isI taraha siMha, bAgha aura bher3iyA pazuoM ko mAra kara khA jAte haiM. unakA yaha AhAra hI hai. pazuoM kA duHkha hama dekha sakate haiM isalie unako khAnevAloM ko hama hisra kahate haiM. isameM bhI siMha bAgha bher3iyA Adi se hameM bhaya hai isalie hama unheM hiMsra kahate hai. billI bhI to hiMsra hai. sA~pa ajagara Adi sarIsRpa bhI hiMsra haiM. ve hameM kATate haiM lekina phAr3a nahIM khAte, isalie unake bAre meM hiMsra zabda kA prayoga dekhane meM nahIM AtA. hisra zabda kevala ApakA apanI dRSTi se prerita Re-action hai, pratikriyA hai. jisameM parivartana lAne ke liye Apa satyAgraha kA prayoga kareMge usake prati dveSa, tiraskAra Adi bhAvanA haTAne kI ApakI koziza honI cAhie. pazu meM sudhAra ho sakatA hai aisI ApakI bhAvanA bhI kahA~ taka hai ! isa taraha satyAgraha kA prabhAva DAlane kI zakti Apake pAsa nahIM hai aura satyAgraha ke asara ke nIce Ane kA mAddA hI pazu meM nahIM hai. isalie maiMne turanta spaSTa 'nahIM' kA javAba diyA. lekina isa bAre meM jarA gaharAI meM utaranA jarUrI hai. canda IsAI mizanariyoM se bAtacIta ho rahI thI. unhoMne kahA ki jAnavaroM ko AtmA nahIM hotA. unameM jIva hai, prANa hai kintu AtmA nahIM hai. maiMne kahA ki isa bheda kI carcA maiM nahIM karUMgA. Apa hamezA kahate haiM na ki paramAtmA premasvarUpaGod is Love hai. to jina prANiyoM meM prema kamobeza prakaTa hotA hai unameM IzvarI aMza AsmA hai hI. prANI apane baccoM para pyAra karate haiM. unako bacAne ke liye apanA prANa taka de dete haiM. to Apa kaise kaha sakate haiM ki unameM prema kA utkarSa nahIM hai ? AtmA nahIM hai ? jahA~ AtmabalidAna kA tattva AyA vahAM Atmazakti hai hI. pazu eka dUsare ke baccoM ko bacAne ke liye saMgaThita prayatna bhI karate haiM. hamArI eka bhaisa mara gaI to taba se dUsarI bhaisa ne usake bacce ko apanA dUdha denA zurU kiyA. usake pahale usa parAye bachar3e ko vaha pAsa bhI Ane nahIM detI thI ! yaha sahAnubhUti, karuNA, prema AtmA kA hI AviSkAra hai. isalie yaha kahate mujhe tanika bhI saMkoca nahIM hai ki yogya sAdhutA jisameM hai vaha pazuoM para bhI asara kara sakatA hai. "aMDroklIz2a aura siMha" kI kathA to Apa jAnate hI haiM. merA hI eka choTA anubhava Apako kahU~. jaba maiM apane gA~va meM rahatA thA taba ghara meM merI eka pyArI billI thI. hamAre bIca gaharI dostI thI. usakA varNana nahIM karatA kyoMki billI kA pyAra saba jAnate hI haiM. eka dina jaMgala ke najadIka apane bagIce meM maiM gayA thA, maiMne eka kharagoza kA baccA pAyA. maiMne socA---yahAM to kute Akara use phAr3akara khA jAeMge. maiM use uThAkara ghara le AyA. solibrary.org
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________________ 218 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya aba Apa jAnate hI haiM ki billI, kharagoza ko mArakara khAtI hai. hamArI billI chaTapaTAne lagI. phira billI ne dekhA ki kharagoza bhI merA pyArA prANI hai, mere hAthoM khAtA hai. maiM usake sAtha khelatA hU~. kharagoza ne bhI dekhA ki billI merI goda meM Akara baiThatI hai. usakA Dara kama ho gayA. dhIre-dhIre merI hAjarI meM donoM pAsa Ane lage. sAtha baiThakara khAne lage. donoM kI acchI dostI ho gaI. isase itanA to spaSTa hai hI ki jAnavaroM para bhI kucha na kucha prema kA asara hotA hI hai. usI ko maiM satyAgraha kahU~gA. pazu kA svabhAva, usake vikAsa kI maryAdA Adi dekha kara agara koI premamUti usa para prabhAva DAlane kI koziza karegA to use nirAza nahIM honA par3egA. agara manuSya kevala svArthavaza, hajAroM barasoM kI mahanata se jaMgalI pazuoM ko pAlatU banA sakA to niHsvArtha prema ke dvArA puruSa prANiyoM kA svabhAva avazya badala-sudhAra sakegA. sAMpoM ke sAtha dostI karane vAle eka gore AdamI kA kissA maiMne kahIM par3hA thA. manuSya agara apanA svabhAva sudhAregA aura vizvaprema kI ora bar3hegA to usakA asara prANiyoM para kamobeza hogA hI. 'citta zuddhatarI, zatru mitra hotI, vyAghra hI na khAtI, sarpa tayA' tukArAma kI yaha abhilASA vyartha nahIM thI. kintu yaha siddhi eka do dina meM yA pAMca-dasa varSoM meM milane kI nahIM. isake liye utkaTa sAdhanA kI paramparA cAhie. merA savAla yaha hai ki siMha aura bAgha ke khilApha satyAgraha karane kI bAta uThI hI kisalie ? kyA merA javAba milane para koI jaMgala meM jAkara satyAgraha kA prayoga karanA cAhatA hai ! yA ghara kI billI ko kahane vAlA hai ki cUhe khAnA chor3a do, nahIM to maiM tumhAre khilApha satyAgraha karU~gA ? nahIM, aisI bAta nahIM hai. javAba milane para ki siMha Adi hiMsra jAnavaroM ke khilApha satyAgraha nahIM ho sakatA, dUsarA prazna pUchA jAtA hai ki-phira jisakA svabhAva hI siMha, bAgha yA sarpa jaisA hai, aise manuSya ke sAmane satyAgraha kyA karegA? hama kabUla karate haiM ki canda manuSyoM kA svabhAva hiMsra pazuoM se bhI badatara hotA hai taba bhI manuSya aura pazuoM ke bIca mUlabhUta pharka hai, yaha bhUlanA nahIM cAhie. manuSya sAmAjika prANI hai. itanA hI nahIM usane sAmAjika unnati bhI kI hai. manuSyoM meM antarmukha hone kI zakti hai. bhASA ke dvArA manuSya kAphI gaharAI kA vicAra-vinimaya kara sakatA hai. aura sabase bar3I cIja yaha hai ki manuSya ke pAsa dharma hai. pazuoM aura manuSyoM ke bIca tulanA karate kavi ne kahA hai : 'dharmo hi teSAmadhiko vizeSaH.' isa dharmabuddhi ko jAgrata karane kA kAma hI satyAgraha karatA hai. jaba buddhi aura tarka ke joza meM Akara canda loga kahate haiM ki hama dharma ko nahIM mAnate taba ve aise dharmoM kA inkAra karate haiM jinakA vistAra bhinna-bhinna jamAnoM ne zAstragraMthoM ke dvArA kiyA hai. jaise hindudharma, islAma-dharma, IsAI-dharma , yahudIdharma Adi, hara eka samAja apane-apane rasma-rivAjoM ko apanA dharma mAnatA hai. aise dharmoM ke dvArA hara eka samAja ne unnati prApta kI hai. canda rivAjoM ke kAraNa unnati ruka bhI gaI hai. dharma ke nAma se manuSya ne kaI anAcAra bhI calAye haiM. aisI hAlata meM koI AdamI adhIra ho kara jaldabAjI se kahe ki hama dharma meM nahIM mAnate to vaha samajhane lAyaka bAta hai. lekina jaba hama yaha kahate haiM ki pazuoM se adhika cIja jo manuSya ke pAsa hai vaha hai dharma, taba hama vyApaka, sArvabhauma, vizvajanIna dharma kI bAta karate haiM. usameM prema, karuNA, ahiMsA, dayA, kSamA, tejasvitA, balidAna, Atmaupamya sevA, jJAnopAsanA, saMskRtiniSThA, vacana-pAlana, satvasaMzuddhi, abhaya Adi sarva sAmAjika, naitika aura AdhyAtmika guNa A jAte haiM. kharAba se kharAba manuSya meM bhI ina guNoM ke udaya kI saMbhAvanA hai vaha Aja pazuoM meM utanI mAtrA meM nahIM. isalie pazuoM kI misAla manuSya ko lAgU nahIM ho sakatI hai. AkhirakAra saba manuSya eka dUsare ke sajAtIya haiM. eka dUsare para asara kara hI sakate haiM. Jain Education Interational
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________________ zrIvAsudevazaraNa agravAla kAzI vizvavidyAlaya puruSa prajApati bhagavAn vedavyAsa kA eka atyanta mahattvapUrNa vacana hai, jo unake samasta jJAna-vijJAna kA mathA huA makkhana kahA jA sakatA hai. unhoMne likhA hai: __ 'guhya brahma tadidaM bravImi na hi mAnuSAcchaSTataraM hi kiJcit'. jo guhya tattvajJAna hai, jo avyakta brahma ke samAna sarvopari aura sarvavyApta anubhava hai, vaha maiM tuma se kahatA hUM-manuSya se zreSTha aura kucha nahIM hai. sacamuca ananta zAkhA-prazAkhAoM ke veda kA guhya saMdeza yahI hai ki prajApati kI sRSTi meM manuSya prajApati ke nikaTatama hai. zatapatha brAhmaNa meM spaSTa zabdoM meM kahA hai : puruSau vai prajApatenediSTham - zata0 4. 3. 4. 3. puruSa prajApati ke nikaTatama hai. nikaTatama kA tAtparya yahI ki vaha prajApati kI saccI pratimA hai, prajApati kA tadvat rUpa hai. prajApati aura usake bIca meM hI aisA sAnnidhya aura ghaniSTha sambandha hai, jaisA pratirUpa arthAt asala rUpa aura anukRti meM hotA hai. prajApati mUla hai, to puruSa usakI ThIka pratikRti hai, prajApati ke rUpa meM dekhanA aura samajhanA cAheM to usake sAre nakze ko isa puruSa meM dekha aura samajha sakate haiM. satya to yaha hai ki puruSa prajApati ke itanA nediSTha yA nikaTatama yA aMtaraMga hai ki vicAra karane para yahI anubhava hotA hai aura yahI muMha se nikala par3atA hai ki puruSa prajApati hI hai : puruSaH prajApatiH-zata0 6. 2. 1.23. jo prajApati ke svarUpa kA ThATa yA mAnacitra hai, hUbahU vahI puruSa meM AyA hai. isalie yadi sUtra rUpa meM puruSa ke svarUpa kI paribhASA banAnA cAheM, to vaidika zabdoM meM kaha sakate haiM : prAjApatyo vai puruSaH-taitti0 2. 1. 5. 3. kintu yahA~ eka prazna hotA hai. puruSa sAr3he tIna hAtha parimANa ke zarIra meM sImita hai, jise bAda ke kaviyoM ne : ahuTha hAtha tana saravara, hiyA kaMvala tehi mAMha. isa rUpa meM kahA hai, arthAt sAr3he tIna hAtha kA zarIra eka sarovara ke samAna hai, jo jIvana rUpI jala se bharA huA hai, aura jisameM hRdayarUpI kamala khilA huA hai. jisa prakAra kamala sUrya ke darzana se, sahasrarazmi sUrya ke Aloka se vikasita hotA yA khilatA hai, usI prakAra puruSa rUpI yaha prajApati usa vizvAtmA mahAprajApati ke Aloka se vikasita aura anuprANita hai. prajApati Atapa hai. to yaha puruSa usakI chAyA hai. jaba taka prajApati ke sAtha yaha sambandha dRr3ha hai, tabhI taka puruSa kA jIvana hai. prajApati ke bala kA graMthibandhana hI puruSa yA mAnava ke hRdaya kI zakti hai. jo samasta vizva meM phailA huA hai, vizva jisameM pratiSThita hai aura jo vizva meM otaprota hai, usa mahAprajApati ko vaidika bhASA meM saMketa rUpa se 'sahasra' kahA jAtA hai. vaha sahasrAtmA prajApati hI vaidika paribhASA meM 'vana' bhI kahalAtA hai. usa anantAnanta AAAA Jain Education ersona ainelibrary.org
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________________ 520 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya 'vana' ke bhItara eka-eka vizva eka-eka azvattha vRkSa ke samAna hai. isa prakAra ke ananta azvattha usa sahasrAtmA 'vana' nAmaka prajApati meM haiM. usake kendra kI jo dhArA sRSTyunmukha hokara pravRtta hotI hai, usI mUlakendra se kendraparamparA vikasita hotI huI puruSa taka AtI hai. kendroM ke isa vitAna meM pUrva kendra kI pratimA yA pratibimba utara ke kendra meM AtA hai. isa prakAra jo sahasrAtmA prajApati hai, vahI mUla se tUla meM AtA huA ThIka-ThIka apane sampUrNa svarUpa ke sAtha isa puruSa meM avatIrNa hotA hai aura ho rahA hai. vaidika maharSiyoM ne dhyAna yogyatAnugata ho kara usa mahAn tattva kA sAkSAtkAra kiyA aura sRSTiparamparA kA vicAra karate hue unheM yaha sAkSAt anubhaba huA ki yaha jo puruSa hai, vaha isI sahasrAtmA prajApati kI saccI pratimA hai- puruSo vai sahasrasya pratimA-zata0 7. 5. 2. 17. jo sahastra prajApati hai, usI ke ananta avyakta svarUpa meM kinhIM acintya apratayaM baloM ke saMgharSaNa se yA granthibandhana se yA spandana se sRSTi kI prakriyA pravRtta hotI hai. kisI bhI prakAra kI zakti yA vega ho, usake liye balagranthi Avazyaka hai. vinA balagranthi ke avyakta vyaktabhAva meM, amUrta mUrtarUpa meM A hI nahIM sakatA. zuddha rasarUpa prajApati meM amitabhAva kI pradhAnatA hai, usameM jaba taka mitabhAva kA udaya na ho, taba taka sRSTi kI sambhAvanA nahIM hotI. prajApati ke kendra se jisa rasa kA vitAna yA vistAra hotA hai, vaha yadi bAhara kI ora hI phailatA jAye to koI granthi-sRSTi saMbhava nahIM. vaha isa paridhi kI ora phaila kara jaba bala ke rUpa kendra kI ora lauTatA hai. taba dviviruddha bhAvoM kI Takkara se sthiti aura gati yA gati aura AgatirUpa spandana kA cakra janma letA hai. spandana kA nAma prajApati hai. spandana ko vaidika paribhASA meM chanda kahate haiM. jo chanda hai, vahI prajApati hai. kisI bhI prakAra kI phar3akana kA nAma chanda hai. sAre vizva meM dviviruddha bhAva se samutpanna jahA~-jahA~ chanda yA phar3akana hai, vahI prajApati ke svarUpa kA tAratamya dRSTigocara hotA hai. ataeva eka mahAn satya sUtrarUpa meM isa prakAra vyakta kiyA gayA : __ 'prajApatireva chando bhavat'-zata0 8. 2. 3. 10. sRSTi kI mahatI prakriyA meM aneka lokoM meM aneka staroM para prajApati ke isa chanda kI abhivyakti ho rahI hai. usI chandovitAna meM sahasrAtmA prajApati puruSarUpa meM abhivyakta hotA hai. sUrya bhI usI kendraparamparA kA eka bindu hai. aise pUrvayuga kI kalpanA kareM, jaba saba kucha tamobhUta thA, alakSaNa thA, aura aprajJAta thA. usa samaya rasa aura bala ke tAratamya se jo zakti kA saMgharSaNa hone lagA, saMgharSaNa usI ke phalasvarUpa jyotiSmAn mahAn AdityoM kA janma huA. vaijJAnika bhASA meM isI ko yoM socA aura kahA jA sakatA hai ki Arambha meM zakti ke samAna vitaraNa ke phalasvarUpa eka zAnta samudra bharA huA thA. zakti ke usa zAnta sAgara meM na koi taraMga thI, na kSobha thA. kintu na jAne kahA~ se, kaise, kyoM aura kaba usameM taraMgoM kA spandana Arambha huA aura usa saMgharSa ke phalasvarUpa jo zakti samarUpa meM phailI huI thI usameM kendra yA bindu utpanna hone lage, jo ki prakAza aura teja ke puJja bana gae. isa prakAra ke na jAne kitane sUrya zakti kI usa prAkkAlIna gabhita avasthA meM utpanna hue. vaidikabhASA meM vyakta kI saMjJA hiraNya hai, avyakta avasthA hiraNyagarbha avasthA thI. samabhAva se vitarita zakti kI pUrvAvasthA vahI hiraNyagarbha avasthA thI, jisameM yaha vyakta hiraNyabhAva samAyA huA thA. Age kA vyaktabhAva usI ke pUrva avyakta meM lIna thA. yadi sadA kAla taka zakti kI vahI sAmyAvasthA banI rahatI to kisI prakAra kA vyaktabhAva utpanna hI na hotA. zakti ke vaiSamya se hI mahAn Aditya jaise kendra yA bindu usa zAntazakti samudra meM utpanna hone lage. pahalI zAnta avasthA ke liye veda meM saMyatI zabda hai aura dUsarI vyaktabhAvApanna kSubdha avasthA ke liye krandasI zabda hai, saMyatI zAnta AtmA hai. krandasI kSubhita AtmA hai. zakti ke usa samudra meM jo kSubhita kendra utpanna hue, unhIM kI saMjJA sUrya huI. hamAre saura-maNDala kA sUrya bhI unhIM meM se eka hai. pratyeka Aditya yA sUrya sahasrAtmA prajApati kI pratimA hai aura vaha bhI aisI pratimA hai jo vizvarUpI hai, jisameM saba rUpoM kI samaSTi hai, jisake mUlakendra se saba rUpoM kA nirmANa hotA hai. usI ke liye kahA hai : . AdityaM garbha payasA samadhi sahasrasya pratimAM zvivarUpam. yajuH 13.41. zakti ke zAnta mahAsamudra meM jo Aditya utpanna huA, vaha prajApati kA zizurUpa thA. usake poSaNa ke liye paya yA dugdha .. . . .. COM 0.OON ROOOOO ...... ..... COL ... SH ................................. ...OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO Jain durcarmoninemamornar OD www.jhinelibrary.org
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________________ vAsudevazaraNa agravAla puruSa prajApati : 221 kI AvazyakatA thI. yaha kauna-sA paya thA, kisane usa Aditya ko puSTa kiyA ? brAhmaNoM kI paribhASA ke anusAra prANa hI vaha paya yA dugdha hai, jisase AdityarUpa usa zizu kA saMvardhana hotA hai. virAT prakRti meM sauraprANAtmaka spandana yA prANanakriyA ke dvArA hI vaha vizvarUpa Aditya jIvanayukta hai arthAt - svasvarUpa meM sthita hai. vaha apane se pUrva kI kAraNaparamparAoM kA pUrNatama pratinidhi hai. isIlie use sahasra kI pratimA kahA gayA hai. hamArA jo dRzyamAna sUrya hai, vaha unhIM mahAn AdityoM kI kendra paramparA meM eka viziSTa kendra hai athavA unakI tulanA meM yaha zizumAtra hai. isIlie vaidikabhASA meM 'dvapsazcaskanda'. 2009 kahA jAtA hai. arthAt zakti ke usa pArAvAra - hIna mahAsamudra meM jo zakti kA prajvalita kendra utpanna huA, vaha isa prakAra thA, jaise bar3e samudra se eka jalabindu cU par3A ho. vaha mahAsamudra jo ki vASparUpa meM thA athavA avyakta thA usI meM se yaha eka drapsa yA bindu vyaktabhAva ko prApta ho gayA hai. yahI vaidika kAvya kI bhASA hai aura vijJAna kI bhASA hai. saba prakAra kI sImAoM se Upara, saba prakAra ke gaNitIya nirdezoM se pare jo zakti tattva hai, jahAM kisI prakAra ke aMkoM kA saMsparza nahIM hotA, jisake liye zUnya yA pUrNa hI ekamAtra pratIka hai, usa ananta saMjaka pUrNa meM se yaha pratyakSa AdityarUpI eka bindu prakaTa huA hai aura isakI saMjJA bhI pUrNa hai. vaha adas hai, yaha idam hai. vaha bhI pUrNa hai, yaha bhI pUrNa hai. isa prakAra kI rahasyamayI bhASA sRSTi se prAkkAlIna acintya aura avyakta tattvoM ke liye vijJAna aura veda donoM meM samAnarUpa se prayukta hotI hai. prakRta meM hamArA lakSya isI para hai ki usa anaMta prajApati ke chanda se hI puruSa kA nirmANa huA hai. usa sahasrAtmA prajApati kI sAkSAt pratimA puruSa yA mAnava hai. rasa aura bala ke tAratamya se puruSa, azva, gau, aja, avi ye pA~ca mukhya pazu prakRti meM prANadevatAoM ke pratinidhirUpa se cuna lie gae haiM, yadyapi samasta pazuoM kI saMkhyA anantAnanta hai. vaidika paribhASA ke anusAra jo bhUtasRSTi hai, usI kI saMjJA pazu yA prajA hai. yaha bhUtasRSTi tIna prakAra kI hai : 1. asaMjJa - jaise pASANa Adi. 2. antaH saMjJa - jaise vRkSa Adi, 3. sasaMjJa-- jaise puruSa, pazu Adi. ina tInoM meM yaha prAtisvika bheda kyoM hai ? yaha pRthak vicAra kA viSaya hai, saMkSepa meM asaMjJa sRSTi meM kevala ardhamAtrA kI abhivyakti hai. antaH saMjJa sRSTi meM arthamAtrA aura prANamAtrA donoM kI abhivyakti hai, aura sasaMjJa prANiyoM meM artha yA bhUtamAtrA, prANamAtrA evaM manomAtrA - ina tInoM kI abhivyakti hotI hai. inheM hI bhUtAtmA, prANAtmA aura prajJAnAtmA bhI kahate haiM. prajJAnAtmaka jo saura prANa hai, use hI indra kahate haiM. mAnava yA manuSya meM isa saura indratattva kI sabase adhika abhivyakti hai. antaH saMjJa vRkSa vanaspatiyoM meM vaha prajJAnAtmA indra mUrcchita rahatA hai. unameM kevala prANAtmA yA tejasa AtmA kA vikAsa hotA hai. jahA~ teja yA prANa hai, vahIM vikAsa hai. bIja jaba pRthvI meM jala, miTTI evaM pRthivI kI uSNatA ke samparka meM AtA hai, tatkSaNa usameM vikAsa kI prakriyA Arambha ho jAtI hai. ataeva upaniSadoM meM kahA gayA hai ki jo tejasa AtmA hai vaha vRkSa-vanaspatiyoM meM bhI hai, kintu prajJAnAtmA kA vikAsa kevala mAnava meM hotA hai. isa dRSTi se mAnava samasta vizva meM apanA viziSTa sthAna rakhatA hai jisa prakAra prajApati vAk, prANa, mana kI samaSTi hai, vaise hI mAnava bhI vAk, prANa aura mana tInoM kI samaSTi kA nAma hai. artha yA sthUla bhUtamAtrA ko vaidika paribhASA meM vAk kahate hai. paMcabhUtoM meM AkAza sabase sUkSma hone ke kAraNa sabakA pratIka hai aura vAk AkAza kA guNa hai. ataeva vAk se upalakSita sthUla bhUtamAtrA yA arthamAtrA kA grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai. mAnava kA zarIra yahI bhAga hai. isake bhItara kriyA rUpa prANAtmA kA nivAsa hai aura usake bhI abhyantara meM manomaya prajJAnAtmA kA nivAsa hai. mana kI hI saMjJA prajJAna hai. isa prakAra prajApati aura mAnava ina donoM meM rUpa pratirUpa yA bimba pratibimbabhAva kA sambandha hai. puruSa prajApati kI saccI pratimA hai, isakA yaha artha bhI hai ki jisa prakAra prajApati tripuruSa puruSa hai, usI prakAra yaha manuSya bhI hai. tripuruSapuruSa kA tAtparya yaha hai ki prajApati nAmaka saMsthAkA nirmANa avyaya, akSara aura kSara ina tIna tattvoM kI samaSTi ke rUpa meM hotA hai. inameM se avyaya donoM kA Alambana yA pratiSThArUpa dharAtala hai. akSara nimitti hai aura kSara upAdAna 0000000 CSreeee For Prato Prsonal 2000003 0000000000 www.jaibrary.org
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________________ 522 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya ------------0-0-0-0-0 hai. avyaya prajApati se mana, akSara se prANa aura kSara se zarIrabhAga kA nirmANa hotA hai. isa prakAra jo prajApati hai vahI puruSa hai aura puruSa ko prAjApatya kahanA sarvathA samIcIna hai. vaidika dRSTi ke anusAra puruSa dIna-hIna dAsAnudAsa yA zaraNAgata prANI nahIM hai. vaha hai prajApati ke nikaTatama usakI sAkSAt pratimA. sahasrAtmA prajApati kA jo kendra thA, usI kI paramparA meM puruSa-prajApati ke kendra kA bhI vikAsa hotA hai. jo sahasra ke kendra kI mahimA thI, vahI puruSa ke kendra kI bhI hai. sahasrAtmA vanasaMjJaka prajApati kA kendra pratyeka azvattha-saMjJaka prajApati meM hotA hai, aura vahI vikasita hotA huA pratyeka sUrya meM aura pratyeka mAnava meM abhivyakta hotA hai. isIlie kahA jAtA hai ki jo puruSa surya meM hai, vahI mAnava meM hai. vaidika bhASA meM kendra ko hI hRdaya kahate haiM. kendra ko hI Urdhva aura nAbhi bhI kahA jAtA hai. kendra Urdhva aura usakI paridhi adhaH hai. cakra kI nAbhi usakA kendra aura usakI nemi usakA bAhya yA mahimA bhAga hai. kendra se cAroM ora razmiyoM kA vitAna hotA hai. kendra ko uktha bhI kahate haiM, kyoMki usa kendra se cAroM ora razmiyA~ utpanna hotI aura phailatI haiM. ina razmiyoM ko uktha kI sApekSatA se arka kahA jAtA hai. jisa prakAra sUrya se sahasroM razmiyAM cAroM ora phailatI haiM, aura phira eka-eka se sahasra-sahasra hokara bikhara jAtI haiM, yahAM taka ki tanika-sA bhI sthAna unase virahita yA zUnya nahIM raha jAtA aura unakI eka cAdara-jaisI sAre vizva meM phaila jAtI hai, vaise hI puruSa ke kendra yA uktha se arka yA rizmayoM kA vikAsa hotA hai. sahasradhA mahimAnaH sahasram arthAt kendra bhI mahimA sahasrarUpa se vyakta hotI hai. aura phira usakI razmiyA~ sahasra-sahasra rUpa se baMTa jAtI haiM. jahA~ kendra aura paridhi kI saMsthA hai, vahA~ sarvatra yahI vaijJAnika niyama kArya karatA hai. isa prakAra jo puruSa kA Atmakendra hRdaya hai, vaha vizvAtmA sahasra yA prajApati kA hI atyanta vilakSaNa aura rahasyamaya pratibimba hai. aisA yaha puruSa prajApati kI mahimA se mahAn hai. sAr3he tIna hAtha ke zarIra meM parimita hote hue bhI yaha trivikrama viSNu ke samAna virAT hai. gItA meM jo kahA hai 'IzvaraH sarvabhUtAnAM hRddeze'rjuna tiSThati' vaha isI tattva kI vyAkhyA hai. vaidika dRthikoNa meM saMdeha aura anAsthA kA sthAna hI nahIM hai. yahAM to jo pUrNa puruSa hai, jo samasta vizva meM bharA huA hai, vahI puruSa ke kendra yA hRdaya meM bhI prakaTa ho rahA hai. vaha puruSa vAmana bhI kahA jAtA hai. virAT prANa kI apekSA sacamuca vaha vAmana hai. yaha jo mAnava ke kendra yA hRdaya meM vAmana-mUrti bhagavAn hai ise hI byAna prANa bhI kahA jAtA hai. jo prANa aura apAna ina donoM ko saMcAlita karatA aura jIvana detA hai. isa vyAna prANa kI zakti bar3I durdharSa hai. isake Upara saura jagat ke prANa aura pArthiva jagat ke apAna ina donoM kA gharSaNa yA AkramaNa nirantara hotA rahatA hai, kintu vaha vAmanamUrti viSNu virATa kA pratIka hai. yaha kisI taraha parAbhUta nahIM hotA. yadi yaha vAmana yA madhyaprANa hamAre kendra meM na ho to saura aura pArthiva prANa-apAna kA pracaNDa dhakkA na jAne hamArA kisa prakAra vistraMsana kara DAle. upaniSad meM kahA hai: na prANena nApAnena mo jIvati kazcana, itareNa tu jIvanti yasminnetAvupAzrito. jisa kendra yA madhyastha prANa meM Urdhvagati prANa aura adhogati apAna donoM kI aMnthi hai, usakI pAribhASika saMjJA vyAna hai. usI ko yahAM sAMketika bhASA meM itara kahA gayA hai. prANa-Ana donoM usI ke Azraya se saMcAlita hote haiM. aura bhI : 'madhye vAmanamAsInaM sarve devA upAsate'. yaha kendra yA madhyaprANa yA vAmana itanA sazakta aura baliSTha hai ki sRSTi ke saba devatA isakI upAsanA karate haiM. isI dRDhagranthibandhana yA bala se itara saba devoM ke bala santulita hote haiM. yaha vAmanarUpI madhyaprANa hI samasta vizva meM apanI razmiyoM se phaila kara virAT yA vaiSNavarUpa dhAraNa karatA hai. viSNarUpa mahAprANa hI hRdayastha vAmana ke rUpa meM saba prANiyoM ke bhItara pratiSThita hai. isI ke liye kahA jAtA hai : 'sa hi vaiSNavo yad vAmanaH'- zata. 5.2.54. MAHARMA jAtA A mmm BURemmm no AULI JainESDAMOM DO H INDI HIM TITI AndARATALARIATIMAmabrary.org
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________________ vAsudevazaraNa agravAla : puruSa prajApati : 523 -0--0--0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0 hRdayastha vAmanarUpI viSNu kisI prakAra avamAnanA ke yogya nahIM hai. vahI avicAlI sahaja paripUrNa aura svasthabhAva hai. jo mAnava isa kendra sthabhAva meM sthira rahatA hai, vahI niSThAvAn mAnava hai. jisakA kendravicAlI hai, kabhI kucha kabhI kucha socatA aura AcaraNa karatA hai. vahI bhAbuka mAnava hai. kendra sthira hue vinA paridhi yA mahimAmaNDala zuddha bana hI nahIM sakatA. AtmA, buddhi mana aura zarIra ina cAroM vibhUtiyoM meM AtmA aura buddhi kI anugata sthiti kA nAma niSThA hai aura mana evaM zarIra kI anugata sthiti kA nAma bhAvukatA hai. prAya: nirbala saMkalpa-vikalpa vAle panuSya mana aura zarIrAnugata rahate hue aneka vyApAroM meM pravRtta hote haiM. jo buddhi mana ko apane vaza meM kara letI hai, usI ko vaidika bhASA meM matISA kahate haiM. jisa avicAlI aTala buddhi meM parvata ke samAna dhruva yA aTala niSThA hotI hai, use hI dhiSaNA kahate haiM. vaidika bhASA meM isI azmAkhaNa prANa ke kAraNa ise "dhiSaNA pAvateyI' kahA jAtA hai. bArambAra yaha prazna utpanna hotA hai ki bhAratIya mAnava dharmabhIru hote hue bhI sarvathA abhibhUta kyoM haiM ? usakA jJAna aura karma isa prakAra kuNThita kyoM banA huA hai ? isa prazna kA mAnavocita samAdhAna yahI hai ki bhAratIya mAnava atyanta bhAvuka ho gayA hai. usane apanA prAcIna niSThAbhAva kho diyA hai. vaha sAre vizva ke kalyANa ke liye saumyabhAva se Akula ho jAtA hai, kintu Atmakendra kI rakSA nahIM karatA. usakA antaHkaraNa saumya hote hue bhI bhAvuka hone ke kAraNa pibdamAna yA pilapilA rahatA hai. vaha dRr3ha karma aura vicAroM meM sakSama nahIM bana pAtA. usameM dharma bhIrutA to hotI hai, kintu AtmasatyarUpI dharmAtmakatA nahIM hotI. AtmaniSThA para adhyArUr3ha honA saccI zraddhA hai. usakA bhAratIya mAnava meM abhAva ho gayA hai. ataeva usake svatantra vyaktittva kA vikAsa nahIM ho pAtA. vaha jisa kisI ke liye bhI apanI AtmA kA samarpaNa to karatA hai, kintu niSThApUrvaka grahaNa kucha bhI nahIM karatA. manogabhitA buddhi se pravRtta hone vAlA mAnava hI niSThAvAn mAnava hai. aise mAnava kA svayaM kendra vikasita hotA hai. kendrabindu kA nAma hI manu hai. AtmabIja kA nAma hI manu kahA jAtA hai. vaha manutatva jisa mAnava meM vikasita nahIM hai, usameM zraddhA kA honA bhI vyartha hai. zraddhA to manu kI patnI hai arthAt zraddhA manu ke liye aziti yA bhogya hai. jisa samaya Atmakendra manu tejasvI hotA hai, usa samaya vaha apane hI ApyAyana yA saMvardhana ke liye bAhara se zraddhArUpI aziti yA bhogya prApta karatA hai. manu zraddhA kA bhoga karake hI pUrNa banate haiM. manu aura zraddhA kI eka sAtha paripUrNa abhivyakti hI satya kA svarUpa hai, arthAt sarvaprathama mAnava kA Atmakendra udbuddha honA cAhie. usameM saura prANa yA indrAtmaka jyoti kA pUrNa prakAza AnA cAhie, tabhI vaha saccA manuputra yA mAnava banatA hai aura isa prakAra Atmakendra ke udbuddha hone ke bAda Atma-bIja ke vikAsa ke liye vaha sAre vizva se apane liye grAhya aMza svIkAra karatA huA bar3hatA hai. yahI zraddhA dvArA manu kA ApyAyana hai. gaidika bhASA meM ise hI yoM bhI kahA jAtA hai-azItibhirmahadukthamApyAyate. kendra yA manu 'mahaduktha' hai. usa mahaduktha kI tapti yA ApyAyana zraddhArUpI aziti se hotA hai, jo use cAroM ora se prApta hotI hai. isa prakAra eka hI bAta ko kaI rIti se kahA gayA hai. mahaduktha aura aziti, manu aura zraddhA ina donoM kI eka sAtha abhivyakti kA nAma hI satya pratiSThAtattva hai. satye sarva pratiSThitam satya svayaMpratiSTha hotA hai aura saba kucha satya kA AdhAra pAkara pratiSThita banatA hai. satya Agneya tattva hai, aura zraddhA Rta yA snehya yA Apomaya pArameSThya tattva hai. satyaparAyaNa buddhi saura prANa yA indratattva ko grahaNa karatI hai. sUrya kI saMjJA hI indra yA rudra bhI hai. veda kI dRSTi se agni yA ziva bar3e haiM, aura soma agni kA choTA sakhA soma hai. kI Ahuti agni meM par3atI hai, jisase agni saumya rahatA hai aura amRtadharmA banatA hai. yahI prakriyA mAnava meM bhI nizcita hai. bhAvukatA saumyatA kA rUpa hai aura niSThA Agneya prANAtmaka buddhi kA dharma hai. zraddhA kA udgama mana meM aura vizvAsa kA udgama buddhi meM hotA hai. vizvAsa saura tattva aura zraddhA Apomaya hai. buddhi se bhI pare aura usase bhI uccatara tantra kA nAma AtmA hai : yo buddhaH paratastu saH ! PORIN MAHARSHITANYAINALITY m CUMANITLIRAHIMALAMITALIRINMAMALINEKHAIRAM MATIHAR SIDHWACAMANDALVimamAAIIANAMANISHAMARINE MILIAROVAL I NRINIVASAKV l Jain Ede VAISy.org
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________________ -0-0------------------ 524 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya zraddhAsamanvita buddhi hI usa Atmatantra taka pahu~ca sakatI hai. alaukika paripUrNa mAnava hI manuSya jAti kA yuga-yugoM meM Adarza rahA hai. gItA meM isI mAnava ko lakSya karake 'puruSottama' kahA hai. ise hI aMgrejI meM 'suparamaina' karate haiM. prakRta mAnava aura mahAmAnava kA jo antara hai, vahI maina aura suparamaina kA hai. vedavyAsa ne jo: nahi mAnuSAcchaSThataraM hi kiMcit. isa lokottara satya kA udghoSa kiyA hai, vaha usI mahAmAnava, ati-mAnava yA lokattaramAnava ke liye hai, na ki sarvAtmanA dIna-hIna aura azakta bane hue nirbala mAnava ke liye, jo paristhitiyoM ke thaper3oM se parAbhUta hotA huA idharaudhara lakSyahIna karma karatA rahatA hai. isa prakAra kA jo bApurA manuSya hai vaha to zoka kA viSaya hai. vastutaH mAnava kA uddezya to apane usa svarUpa kI prApti hai jisameM vizva kA vaibhava yA samRddhayAnanda aura AtmA kA sahaja svAbhAvika utkarSa yA zAntyAnanda donoM eka sAtha samanvita hue hoM. jo mAnava isa prakAra kI sthiti isI janma meM yahIM rahate hue prApta karatA hai, vahI saphala zreSThatama mAnava hai. mahAbhArata ke samasta pAtroM meM do prakAra ke carita spaSTa lakSita hote haiM. eka ve haiM jo sthira dhRti aura dRr3ha niSThA se kabhI cyuta nahIM hote aura sadA dUsaroM kA udbodhana karate hue dekhe jAte haiM. dUsare ve haiM jo bhAvuka haiM aura bAra-bAra udbodhana prApta karane para bhI jo use vismRta kara dete haiM aura asat karma meM pravRtta hote haiM, yA niSThA se viparIta kevala bhAvukatApUrNa karma karate haiM. pahalI koTi ke pAtroM meM kevala cAra kI ginatI haiM--kRSNa, vyAsa, bhISma aura vidura. unake atirikta yudhiSThira, arjuna Adi dharmapatha ke pathika bhI apanI bhAvukatA ke kAraNa viSamabhAva ko prApta ho jAte haiM aura kartavya-akartavya ke jJAna se kucha samaya ke liye zUnya yA vicalita ho jAte haiM. inake atirikta duryodhana, duHzAsana, zakuni, karNa-jaise mAnava to ekadama asat niSThA ke liye karma kara rahe the. unakA to anta meM vinAza nizcita hI thA. mahAbhArata jaisI lokottara dharma-saMhitA kA lakSya duryodhana karNa Adi pAtra nahIM haiM, kyoMki ve apane duSTa Agraha ko kisI bhAMti tyAga nahIM sakate the, mahAbhArata ke liye samasyArUpa meM to yudhiSThira aura arjuna haiM, jo dharmapatha para ArUr3ha hote hue bhI aura dharmaparAyaNa niSThA rakhate hue bhI bAra-bAra kartavyapatha se cyuta hote haiM aura viSama niSThA ko prApta ho jAte haiM aura apane dhyeya ko bhUla kara kucha kara kucha karane ke liye utArU ho jAte haiM. kahA~ to eka ora anyAya kA pratikAra karane ke liye arjuna kA yuddha ke liye kRSNa ko sArathI banAkara raNabhUmi meM jAnA, kahA~ dUsarI ora kSaNabhara meM hI yuddha na karane ke liye bhArI avasAda ko prApta ho jAnA. aise hI yudhiSThira bhI kaI avasaroM para AtmahatyA ke liye yA saba-kucha chor3a kara vairAgya-dhAraNa karane ke liye taiyAra ho jAte haiM. jisa vyakti kI niSThA ThIka hai, jisakA Atmakendra avicalita hai vaha isa prakAra kI dharmabhIru bAteM nahIM kahegA, jaisI arjuna yA yudhiSThira ne kahIM; jo Upara se dekhane meM to tarkasaMgata aura paNDitAU jAna par3atI haiM, kintu jo AtmaniSTha satya-dharma kI dRSTi se nitAnta viruddha haiM. jise mahAmAnava yA atimAnava yA puruSottama yA lokottara mAnava kahA gayA hai, jo vyakti samAja, rASTra aura samasta mAnavajAti kI dRSTi se hamArA Adarza hai, usa zreSTha mAnava kA isa vizva meM saccA svarUpa kyA hai ? usakA nirmANa kaise huA hai ? virAT vizva ke kauna-kauna se tattva usake nirmANa meM samAviSTa hue haiM ? usakA kendra aura usakI mahimA kyA hai ? vizvAtmA SoDazI prajApati aura kendra prajApati kA kyA sambandha hai ? / kahane ke liye to mAnava kA nirmANa choTI sI bAta hai, kintu jaisA pahale kahA jA cukA hai yaha mAnava sahasra prajApati kI pratimA hai. ataeva mAnava ke svarUpa kA yathArthajJAna vizvasvarUpa kI mImAMsA ke vinA ayavA sahasrAtmA prajApati ke svarUpaparicaya ke vinA sambhava nahIM hai. sRSTi ke Adi se sRSTi ke anta taka vizva kI koI prakriyA aisI nahIM hai jisakA pratibimba mAnava meM na ho. saMkSepa meM isakA sUtra yaha hai ki jo SoDazI prajApati hai vahI mAnava ke kendra meM baiThA huA manuprajApati yA AtmabIja hai. SoDazI prajApati ko hI tripuruSa-puruSa bhI kahate haiM. avyaya, akSara aura kSara ye hI sRSTi ke AdhArabhUta tIna puruSa haiM, aura cauthA ina tInoM se pare rahane vAlA parAtpara puruSa kahalAtA hai, jo CMNALITILLIMIMIMINIUM RamaAAMTION KAA ARRIMILLIMILIALLL ALAN lAwwwww wwwwwwwwy wwwwwwwww 10101010101010 /0161010toton ololololololol Jain Education teman imalihaly.org
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________________ vAsudevazaraNa agravAla : puruSa prajApati : 125 sarvathA avyakta aura amUrta hai, kintu jisakI svAbhAvikI jJAna, bala, kriyA se yaha sArA vizva pravRtta ho rahA hai. isa prakAra tripuruSa samanvita parAtpara puruSa hI SoDazI prajApati kA dUsarA nAma hai. inhIM tInoM kI vizeSatAoM ko aura bhI aneka zabdoM dvArA prakaTa kiyA jAtA hai, kyoMki vizva meM bhI vastutaH ve tIna hI nAnAbhAvoM ko prApta ho rahe haiM. udAharaNa ke lie avyaya, kSara kA hI vikAsa mana, prANa aura bhUta hai. unheM hI jaisA pahale kahA gayA haiprajJAnAtmaka, prANAtmA aura bhUtAtmA kahate haiM. inhIM tInoM se kramazaH bhAvasRSTi aura vikArasaSTi kA janma hotA hai. ina tInoM meM se pratyeka kI pAMca-pAMca kalAeM haiM arthAt avyaya kI pAMca kalAe~, akSara kI pAMca kalAeM aura kSara kI pAMca kalAeM aura inase atirikta svayaM parAtpara puruSa-isa prakAra SoDazI prajApati kahalAtA hai. kahA hai : paMcadhA trINi trINi tebhyo na jyAyaH paramadanyadasti, yastad veda sa veda sarva sarvA dizo balimasmai haranti / kSara, akSara aura avyaya ina tInoM meM zuddha AtmA kevala avyaya hai. vaha prakRti sApekSatA se Upara hai. prakRti ke do rUpa haiM-avyakta aura vyakta. vyakta rUpa vizva yA kSara hai. prakRti kA avyakta rUpa akSara puruSa kahA jAtA hai. use hI varAprakRti kahate haiM. usakI tulanA meM kSara sRSTi aparA prakRti hai. jo kSara sRSTi hai vahI bhautika jagat hai. bhUta prajAdhAra para pratiSThita rahatA hai. prANa ke vinA bhUta kI sthiti ho hI nahIM sakatI. prAcIna aura arvAcIna donoM dRTTiyoM se yahI satya siddhAnta hai. pratyeka bhUta yA piNDAtmaka artha prANarUpa zakti kA hI vyakta rUpa hai. bhUta aura prANa ina donoM se Upara inake bhItara samAviSTa avyaya puruSa hai, jo vizvasAkSI, asaMga aura avyakta rUpa hai. vaidika paribhASAoM se prAyaH paricaya na hone ke kAraNa unake sAnnidhya meM buddhi ko vyAmoha hone lagatA hai. kintu jisa prakAra vijJAna kI paribhASAeM sunizcita aura sArthaka haiM, usI prakAra vaidika sRSTivijJAna ne bhI apane abhidheya artha kA prakAza karane ke liye sunizcita paribhASAzAstra kA nirmANa kiyA thA. una pAribhASika zabdoM ke dvArA hI mantroM meM, brAhmaNoM meM aura upaniSadoM meM sRSTi sambandhI nAnA tatvoM ko spaSTa kiyA gayA hai. durbhAgya se usa paramparA se hama dUra haTate cale gae aura brAhmaNagranthoM kA paThanapAThana bhI kevala yajJIya karmakANDoM taka sImita raha gayA. vaise to RSiyoM kI dRSTi se unhoMne brAhmaNagranyoM meM prAyaH ina arthoM ko Adyanta bhara diyA hai, kintu ve srotaprantha bhI Aja durUha bane hue haiM. prajApati ko catuSpAt kahA gayA hai. oMkAra sarvottama guhya saMketa hai, praNava bhI catuSpAt hai aura prajApati kI pratimA mAnava bhI catuSpAt hai. vizva, vizvakartA, vizvasAkSI, vizvAtIta ina cAroM kI hI saMjJA kSarAtmA, akSarAtmA, avyayAtmA aura parAtpara hai aura inheM hI ma, u, a evaM ardhamAtrA yukta praNava ke pratIka se kiyA jAtA hai. 'vizva kyA hai? yahAM se praznasUtra kA vitAna karate hue samaSTi aura vyaSTi rUpa meM pAMca bhautika vizva ke mUlakAraNa kI jijJAsA aura usakA samAdhAna kiyA gayA hai. isake uttara meM upaniSadoM kI prasiddha azvatthavidyA kA nirUpaNa hai jo vaidika sRSTividyA kA hI dUsarA nAma hai. isa prasaMga meM kaI prAcIna paribhASAeM mahattvapUrNa haiM. jaise mahAvanarNa, parAtpara, azvattharUpI mahAvRkSa avyaya, ise mAyI mahezvara bhI kahate haiM. isa azvatthavidyA meM avyaya ko amRta, akSara ko brahma aura kSara ko zukra bhI kahA gayA hai. avyaya abhiSThAnakAraNa aura bhAva sRSTi kA hetu hai, akSara nimitta kAraNa aura guNasRSTi kA hetu hai, evaM kSara upAdAnakAraNa tathA vikArasRSTi kA hetu hai. manutattva azvatthavidyA ke atirikta dUsarA mahattvapUrNa viSaya manutattva kI vyAkhyA hai, jisake kAraNa mAnava mAnava kahalAtA hai. manutattva ko hI agni, prajApati, indra, prANa aura zAzvatabrahma ina nAmoM se pukArA jAtA hai, jaisA ki manu ke zloka meM prasiddha hai, (manuH 12 / 123). adhyAtmasaMsthA ke antargata cAra prakAra ke manastantra haiM-zvovasIyas mana, sattvamana, sarvendriyamana aura indriya mana. jJAnazaktimaya tattva ko mana kahate haiM. ina cAroM kA sambandha cidaMza se hai. usI ke kAraNa ye prajJAtmaka banate haiM. inameM sRSTi kI jo mUlabhUta kAmanA yA kAma hai (kAmastadagre samavartatAdhi manaso reta: prathamaM yadAsIt) vahI sarvajagat ke mUla meM sthita ataeva puruSa ke mUla meM bhI sarvopari virAjamAna hRdaya vizvAtmA mana yA hRdayabhAva se yukta CAREER Jain www. elibery.org
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________________ 526 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya kAmamaya puruSa hI zvovasIyas mana hai. yahI puruSamana maulika manutattva hai jo sabakA prazAstA aura sarvAntaryAmI haiisI kI jJAnamAtrA uttarottara suSuptyaviSThAtA sattvamUrti mahanmana meM, aura vahAM se indriyapravartaka azanAyArUpa sarvendriya mana meM, aura anta meM niyataviSayagrAhI indriyoM ke anugAmI indriyamana meM avatIrNa yA abhivyakta hotI hai. eka-eka indriya kA rUpa rasa ghrANa Adi niyata viSaya indriyamana se gRhIta hotA hai. isI ko 'paMcendriyANi manaHSaSThAni' kahA jAtA hai. phira pAMcoM indriyoM kA anukUla pratikUla vedanAtmaka jo vyApAra hai, vaha saba indriyoM meM samAna hone se sarvendriyamana kA viSaya hai. ise anindriya mana bhI kahA jAtA hai. jaba calate hue kisI eka indriyaviSaya kA anubhava nahIM hotA, taba bhI sarvendriyamana apanA kArya karatA rahatA hai. bhogaprasakti ke vinA bhI viSayoM kA cintana yahI mana karatA hai. suSuptidazA meM apane indriyaprANoM ke sAtha mana jaba Ananda kI dazA meM zAnta ho jAtA hai, jaba saba indriyavyApAra ruka jAte haiM, vaha tIsarA satvaguNasampanna satvakaghana mahAn mana kahA jAtA hai. usa satvamana se bhI Upara cauthA avyayamana yA saSTi kA maulika cidaMza puruSamana hai jise zvovasIyas mana kahate haiM aura jisakA sambandha parAtpara puruSa kI sRSTiyummukhI kAmanA se hai. vahI aragu se aNu aura mahato mahIyAn hai. kendrasthabhAva mana hai. vahI uktha hai. jaba usI se arka yA razmiyAM cAroM ora utthita hotI haiM to vahI paridhi yA mahimA ke rUpa meM manu kahalAtA hai. yahI mana aura manu kA sambandha hai yadyapi antatogatvA donoM abhinna haiM. svayambhU svayaM pratiSThita sRSTi kA mUla tattva hai. vaha svayaM vizvasarga kI kramadhArA se pare rahatA huA kabhI kisI prakAra aNubhAva meM pariNata nahIM hotA use sonA yA vartulAkAra kahA gayA hai. kintu usase ho jaba sRSTi kI pravRti Arambha hotI hai, taba trivRt bhAva kA vikAsa ho jAtA hai. trivRtbhAva ke hI nAmAntara mana, prANa, vAk haiM. unake aura bhI aneka paryAya vaidika sAhitya meM Ate haiM. trivRt yA trika ke utpanna hote hI svayambhU kA eka kendra tIna kendroM meM pariNata ho jAtA hai. isa trikendraka sRSTi kA nAma hI aNDasRSTi hai, jo ki jyAmiti kI paribhASA meM vRttAyata AkRti vAlI aNDAkRti hotI hai. yahI vaidika bhASAmeM trinAbhicakra hai. svayambhU ke bAda sRSTikramadhArA meM pAMca aNDoM kA janma hotA hai. unameM pahalA 'astvaNDa' hai, jisakA sambandha parameSThI yA mahAn AtmA se hai. svayambhU se garbhita parameSThI trivRt bhAva ke prathama janma ke kAraNa aNDAkAra banatA hai. svayambhU ne sarva prathama kalpanA kI ki yaha sRSTi utpanna ho : tadbhyamRSat zrastu iti. isI kAraNa yaha pahalA aNDa astvaNDa kahalAyA. svayambhUbrahma ko apane garbha meM rakhane vAlA parameSThI kA ApomaNDala astvaNDa hI brahmANDa kahalAtA hai. isake bAda sUrya se dUsarA hiraNmayANDa utpanna hotA hai. jaisA kahA jA cukA hai ki vyaktabhAva kI saMjJA hiraNya hai ataeva hiraNmayANDa kA sambandha asti yA garbhita avasthA se nahIM varan usa avasthA se hai jaba ki garbha Age cala kara janma le letA hai, athavA avyakta vyaktabhAva meM A jAtA hai. pahalI sthiti yA astvaNDa kA saMbaMdha astibhAva se hai. dUsarI kA saMbaMdha jAyate yA janma se hai. janma ke anataMra tIsarA bhAva varddhate arthAt vRddhi se hai. ise hI poSANDa kahate haiM jisakA saMbaMdha bhUpiNDa yA pRthvI se hai. puSTa hone ke anaMtara paripAka kI avasthA AtI hai. jise 'vipariNamate' isa zabda se kahA jAtA hai| ise yazo'NDa kahate haiM. yaha vastu kA mahimAbhAva hai aura isakA sambandha mahimA pRthvI se hai. mahimA hI yaza hai. isake anantara pratyeka vastu kSINa hone lagatI hai. vaha apakSIyate avasthA candramA ke vivarta haiM aura use reto'NDa kahA gayA hai. ina pAMca brahmANDoM kI samaSTi hI vizva hai aura vizvarUpa samarpaka svayaM bhUbrahma svayaM vizvanirmANa karane ke kAraNa vizvakarmA kaha lAtA hai. mahAn vizva se lekara yacca yAvat jitane bhUta yA utpanna hone vAle padArtha haiM una sabameM asti, jAyate, varddhate, vipariNamate, apakSIyate--ye pAMca bhAva vikAra avazya hote haiM. eka eka bIja meM prakRti kA yahI niyama caritArtha ho rahA hai. svayaM bIja astvaNDa hai. unameM se aMkura kA phUTanA arthAt avyakta viTapa kA vyaktabhAva meM AnA hiraNyamayANDa hai. bhUpiNDa se apanI khurAka lekara aMkura kA bar3hanA usakA poSANDarUpa hai. phira usa aMkura kA apane sampUrNa mahimAbhAva ko prApta hokara pUrA vitAna karanA yaha usa bIja kA yazo'NDarUpa hai. dikcakravAla ko vyApta karake jo mahAn vaTavRkSa dekhA jAtA hai, vaha ati sUkSma usI vaTabIja kI mahimA yA yaza hai. sarvathA vipariNAma yA paripAka ke bAda pratyeka Jain Eden teme
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________________ vAsudevazaraNa agravAla : puruSa prajApati : 527 zarIra meM apane hI jaisA utpanna karane kI eka zAkti AtI hai, usI kA ghanIbhUta rUpa reta yA bIja hai. yahI reto'NDa avasthA hai. isa avasthA ko prApta karate hI pratyeka zarIra kSayonmukha hone lagatA hai. yahI apakSIyate-sthiti hai. ye pAMcoM agara vyaktabhAva ke hI pariNAma hai. avyakta jaba kabhI vyaktabhAva ko prApta karegA use pAMca bhAvavikAroM kI Rmika sthiti prApta karanI hogI. zatapathabrAhmaNa kI yaha atyanta rahasyamayI vidyA hai. yaha viSaya atyanta gur3ha aura kliSTa hai, kintu saSTivyApinI nirmANaprakriyA ko samajhane ke liye atyanta mahattvapUrNa bhI hai. arvAcIna zatI kA mAnava vizva kI pahelI ko vaijJAnika dRSpi se samajhanA cAhatA hai. Adhunika vaijJAnikoM ke prayatna vizvarahasyamImAMsA ko spaSa karane meM lage hue haiM. sRSTi kA maulika tattva kyA hai? kyoM isakI pravRtti hotI hai ? isake mUla meM kauna-sI zakti hai? usakA spandana kisa kAraNa se huA aura kina niyamoM se Aja vaha pravRtta hai ? zakti kI prANanakriyA aura sthUla bhautika padArthoM meM paraspara kyA sambandha hai ? gati aura sthitisaMjJaka dviviruddha bhAvoM kA janma kyoM hotA hai aura unakA svarUpa kyA hai ? ityAdi eka se eka rocaka aura mahatvapUrNa prazna sRthividyA ke sambandha meM hamAre sAmane A khar3e hote haiM. unake samAdhAna kA saccA prayatna Aja ke vaijJAnika kara rahe hai. nitya nUtana prayogoM dvArA ve vizva kI mUlabhUta zakti ke svarUpa aura rahasya ko jAnane meM lage haiM. vaijJAnika tattvavettAoM ne itanA aba nizcaya pUrvaka jAna pAyA hai ki sthUla bhautika sRSTi jise hama bhUtamAtrA, arthamAtrA yA baidika paribhASA meM vAk kahate haiM, antatogatvA zakti ke spandana kA hI pariNAma hai. vizva ke saba padArtha mUlabhUta zakti kI razmiyoM ke spandana se ghanIbhUta yA vyavasthita hue haiM. yaha zakti vizva kI prANanakiyA hai. pratyeka bhUta meM yaha vidyamAna hai. buddhimAn use hara eka bhUta meM dekhate aura pahacAnate haiM - __ bhUteSu bhUteSu vicitya dhIrAH Aja paramANu ke vizakalana ne yaha sambhava kara diyA hai ki zakti ke isa rahasya kI jhAMkI mAnava ko prApta ho sakI hai. kintu bhUtamAtrA aura prANamAtrA ke sadRza hI tIsarI prajJAnamAtrA bhI hai, jo samasta sRSTi meM usI prakAra vyApta hai jisa prakAra bhUtamAtrA aura prANamAtrA. loSTha, pASANa Adi asaMjJa vRkSa-vanaspati Adi antaHsaMjJa evaM pazu-manuSya Adi sasaMjJa bhutoM meM sarvatra avyayAtmA kA vovazIyasmana avazya hI vyApta hai. sabake janma, sthiti aura laya ke pIche mUlabhUta trika kA niyama eka samAna hai. avazya hI vizva meM vaicitrya aura vijJAna kI aneka koTiyAM pAI jAtI haiM jinakA spaSTa antara kITapataMga Adi kI mAnava se tulanA karane para samajhA jA sakatA hai. prajApati kA jo amRta aura anirukta svarUpa hai, usakI bhASA ko samajhane kI jo sthiti ho sakatI hai vijJAna bhI zIghratA se usa ora bar3ha rahA hai aura vizvavijJAna ke tattvavettAoM kI maulika cintanapravRtti ko dekhate hue kahA jA sakatA hai ki vaha samaya dUra nahIM hai jaba deza aura kAla ke atirikta tIsarI sattA ko bhI mAnane se hI vizvanirmANa kI vyAkhyA ThIka prakAra karanA sambhava hogI. eka samaya thA jaba deza ke Ayatana para AdhArita jyAmiti dvArA bhUtoM ke nirmANa kI mImAMsA kI jAtI thI. vaijJAnikapravara AinsTAina ne isa vicAra meM mahatI krAMti kI aura deza ke sAtha kAla ko bhI sRSTi nirmANa ke maulika tattva rUpa meM siddha kiyA. gaNita aura bhautika vijJAna kI upapatti dvArA yaha tattva sabake liye mAnya huA. deza aura kAla sRSTi ke nirmANa kA anivArya caukhaTA hai. isI sAMce meM par3akara bhUtasRSTi Dhala rahI hai. deza aura kAla ko hI nAma aura rUpa kahA gayA hai. zatapatha ke anusAra nAma aura rUpa donoM bar3e yajJa haiM jinake pArasparika vimarda yA saMgharSa se yaha saba kucha ho rahA hai. zakti kI saMkSA hI yajJa hai, kintu nAma aura rUpa donoM abhva yakSa kahe gaye haiM, jo hokara bhI nahIM hai (bhUttvA na bhavatIti) use abhva kahate haiM. nAmarUpAtmaka sArA vizva vaidika dRSTi se abhva hI hai. vaijJAnika kI dRdhi meM bhI yaha sArA vizva zakti ke mula AdhAra para taraMgita nAmarUpa ke atirikta kucha nahIM hai, jo deza aura kAla ke TakarAne se astitva meM AyA hai, A rahA hai aura AtA rahegA. vaha jo mUlabhUta zakti hai usake sambandha meM vaijJAnika ko bhI abhI bahuta kucha jAnanA hai. vizvarazmiyAM (kAsmika reDiyezana kahA~ se AtI haiM, unakA srota kyA hai ? zakti kA jo samAna vitaraNa isa samaya ho rahA hai, usakI ulTI prakriyA bhI kyA kabhI sambhava hai ki jisake kAraNa mahAsUrya JainE brary.org
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________________ ---0-0-0-0-0-0-0--0-0 528 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya jaise jvalanta zakti kendroM kA punaH nirmANa ho sake ? eka bAra zakti kA vilaya ho jAne para isakI punaH pravRtti kA kyA koI hetu aura sambhAvanA hai ? ityAdi prazna vijJAna ke saMprazna haiM jinakA saMketa mAnava kA AhvAna usa ora nizcita rUpa se kara rahA hai, jo vizva kA mUla kAraNa hai aura jisake viSaya meM sabase bar3A rahasya yaha hai ki vaha isa vizva se bAhara rahatA huA bhI isakI racanA karake isI meM samAyA huA hai. 'tatsRSTvA tadevAnuprAvizata'. vaijJAnikoM ke sAmane sumeru ke samAna dugharSa sRSTi kA saMprazna banA huA hai, jaisA manISipravara mAMrisa meTaralika ne kahA hai 'satya to yaha hai ki itanA anusandhAna aura bauddhika manthana ho jAne ke bAda bhI abhI vizva-mAnava usa sthiti meM nahIM pahu~cA pAyA hai jahA~ eka bhI paramANu, eka bhI ghaTaka koSa yA eka bhI mAnasa kA pUrA rahas yayA usakI prakriyAoM kA pUrA bheda hameM mila pAyA ho. abhI taka cAroM ora rahasya hI rahasya bharA huA hai, kintu mAnava prajApati kA nediSTha rUpa hai. use tattva kI prApti ke vinA santoSa nahIM ho sakatA. zakti ke svarUpa aura jIvana ke srota evaM mana ke svarUpa ko jAna kara hI mAnava ke prazna kA samAdhAna ho sakegA. kahA jAtA hai ki vizvavaijJAnika AinsTAina apane jIvana ke antima kSaNoM meM vizva kI gUr3ha pahelI ko samajhane meM ativyasta the aura unake dRSTipatha meM yaha satya Ane lagA thA ki deza aura kAla ke atirikta bhI koI zakti hai jo sRSTiprakriyA meM anivArya aMga ke samAna kArya kara rahI hai aura usakI sattA ko bhI sambhavataH gaNita kI upapattiyoM dvArA vyakta karanA sambhava hogA. yaha bhaviSya ke prazna haiM jinake viSaya meM adhika UhApoha sambhava nahIM, kintu gaidika vijJAna kI jo sAmagrI hamAre sAmane hai usakA jaba buddhigamya vivecana hama dekhate haiM, to yaha dhruva rUpa nizcita ho jAtA hai ki usa kisI sat cit Ananda tattva ne apane trivRt svarUpa dvArA isa sarga kA vitAna kiyA hai aura vaha svayaM isameM gUr3ha hai, vahI avyakta se vyakta bhAva meM AyA hai, sAtha hI samajhane vAloM ko isakA bhI AbhAsa spaSTa milatA hai ki vaidika-vijJAna aura arvAcIna vijJAna ina donoM kI zabdAvalI aura paribhASAoM meM cAhe jitanA bheda ho, mUlatattva kI vyAkhyA meM bahuta kucha sAdRzya hai. Upara kahI huI paMcANDa-vidyA usakA eka choTA-sA udAharaNa hai. janma vRddhi aura hrAsa kI maulika prakriyA jo vijJAna aura darzana meM samAnarUpa se mAnya hai vahI paMcANDavidyA kA viSaya hai. jise aMgrejI meM auvala yA AyatavRtta kahate haiM, vahI aNDa hai. eka avizeSa kendra se tIna viziSTa kendroM kA vikAsa yahI sRSTi hai. trikabhAva kA nAma hI vizva hai. 'vivRd dA idaM sarvam' yaha veda kI paribhASA vijJAna ko bhI mAnya hai. isI trivRt bhAva kI saMjJA manu, prANa, vAk hai jisakI bahuta prakAra kI vyAkhyA naidikasAhitya meM pAI jAtI hai. usa vyAkhyA ke bhinna-bhinna stara haiM. jaise isa sRSTi ke vibhinna kSetra yA stara haiM. yaha bAta bhI smaraNa rakhanI cAhie ki vijJAna ke niyama ke samAna hI mUlabhUta naidika niyama bhI atyanta sarala haiM. adhyAtma, adhidaivatta aura adhibhUta ke staroM para una niyamoM ko samajhane kA prayatna brAhmaNa granthoM meM pAyA jAtA hai. vaidika vijJAna kA eka kaThina pakSa bhI hai, vaidika vijJAna eka sUtra yA tantu nahIM, pUrA paTa hai. eka tantu ko pakar3ate hI pUre paTa ko samhAlane kA sAhasa yadi buddhi meM na ho to buddhi kAtara ho jAtI hai aura diGmUr3ha sthiti meM par3a jAtI hai. kisa dazA meM kahAM gati kI jAya yaha spaSTa dikhAI nahIM par3atA, kintu yaha aisI kaThinAI nahIM hai jisakA parihAra na ho sake. yaha to sRSTi kI hI vicitratA hai, usameM saba kucha otaprota hai. eka sAmAnyAtisAmAnya aMkura samasta vizva kA pratIka banA huA hai. usakA kRtsna jJAna koI prApta karanA cAhe to use eka ora samasta vijJAna ko aura dUsarI ora darzana ke jJAna ko mathanA hogA. jJAna aura vijJAna ko AtmasAt karake hI antima tattva kA darzana kiyA jA sakatA hai. jJAna ziromUlA dRSTi hai aura vijJAna pAdamUlA dRSTi hai. baTa meM bIja kA darzana aura bIja meM baTa kA darzana ye donoM hI jJAnasAdhana ke prakAra haiM. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ muni zrIhajArImala smRti-graMtha - saMskRti, samAja, itihAsa aurapurAtattva -tRtIya adhyAya Jain Education Intemational
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________________
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________________ Jain Education Inter DaoN0 maMgaladeva zAstrI pUrva upakulapati saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI. bhAratIya saMskRti kA vAstavika dRSTikoNa bhAratIya saMskRti ke viSaya meM Ajakala jo vicAra- vibhrama phailA huA hai usako dUra ne ke liye, isa lekha meM hama bhAratIya saMskRti ke viSaya meM kucha maulika siddhAntoM kA pratipAdana karate hue usake vAstavika dRSTikoNa ko spaSTa karanA cAhate haiM. sabase pahale hama bhAratIya saMskRti svabhAvataH pragatizIla hai, isa siddhAnta ko lete haiM : bhAratIya saMskRti kI pragatizIlatA prAcIna jAtiyoM meM apanI prathAoM, apane AcAra vicAroM aura apanI saMskRti ko atyanta prAcIna kAla se Ane vAlI avicchinna paramparA ke rUpa meM mAnane kI pravRtti sarvatra dekhane meM AtI hai. aneka dhArmika yA rAjanaitika prabhAva vAle vaMzoM kI, yahAM taka ki dhArmika mAnyatAoM se saMbaddha aneka nadiyoM Adi kI bhI, devI yA lokottara utpatti ke mUla meM yahI pravRtti kAma karatI huI dIkha par3atI hai. bhAratavarSa meM bhI yaha pravRtti apane pUrNa vistRta aura vyApaka rUpa meM cirakAla se calI A rahI hai. isI ke pariNAmasvarUpa deza kI sAdhAraNa janatA meM prAyaH aisI bhAvanA baddhamUla ho gayI hai ki usakI dhArmika aura sAMskRtika rUr3hiyAM sadA se eka hI rUpa meM calI AyI haiM. dUsare zabdoM meM, sAmpradAyika dRSTi ke loga bhAratIya saMskRti ko, pragatizIla yA parivartanazIla na mAnakara, sadA se eka hI rUpa meM rahane vAlI sthitizIla mAnane lage haiM. 'sanAtana dharma' yA 'zAzvata dharma' jaise zabdoM ke prAyaH durupayoga dvArA ukta bhAvanA meM aura bhI dRr3hatA lAyI gayI hai. parantu vijJAna-mUlaka aitihAsika dRSTi se dekhane para tatkAla yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki yadyapi bhAratIya saMskRti kI sUtrAtmA cirantana kAla se calI A rahI hai, vaha apane bAhya rUpa kI dRSTi se barAbara parivartanazIla aura pragatizIla rahI hai. vaidika tathA paurANika upAsya devoM kI pArasparika tulanA se hamArI devatA viSayaka mAnyatAoM meM samaya-bheda se hone vAlA mahAn parivartana spaSTa ho jAtA hai. samaya-bheda se brahma Adi kI pUjA kI pravRtti aura usake vilopa se bhI yahI bAta spaSTatayA siddha hotI hai. isI prakAra ke do-cAra anya nidarzanoM ko bhI yahAM denA anupayukta na hogA. 'yajJa' zabda ko lIjie vaidika kAla meM isakA prayoga prAyeNa devatAoM ke yajanArtha kiye jAne vAle karma-kalApa ke liye hI hotA thA. para kAlAntara meM aneka kAraNoM se vaidika karma-kANDa ke zithila ho jAne para yahI zabda adhika vyApaka arthoM meM prayukta hone lagA. isI parivartita dRSTi ke kAraNa bhagavadgItA' meM vaidika yajJoM ke sAtha-sAtha (jinako 1. dekhie bhagavadgItA 4 / 25 30, 32 tathA 2 / 42-43. vahIrIvaraca ha ry.org
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________________ 532 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya vaha 'dravya-yajJa' kahatI hai,) tapoyajJa, yogayajJa, jJAnayajJa Adi kA bhI ullekha karatI hai. svAmI dayAnanda ke anusAra to 'zilpa-vyavahAra aura padArtha-jIvana jo ki jagat ke upakAra ke liye kiyA jAtA hai usako (bhI) yajJa kahate haiM." AcArya binovA bhAve kA bhUdAna-yajJa to Aja sabakI jihvA para hai. isI prakAra 'Rgveda, yajurveda' 'Ayurveda' 'dhanurveda' Adi zabdoM meM prayukta 'veda' zabda spaSTatayA kisI samaya sAmAnyena vidyA yA jJAna ke artha meM prayukta hotA thA. kAlAntara meM yaha anekAneka zAkhAoM meM vistRta mantra-brAhmaNAtmaka vaidika sAhitya ke liye hI prayukta hone lagA. una zAkhAoM meM se anekoM kA to aba nAmamAtra bhI zeSa nahIM hai. yahI 'veda' zabda aba prAyeNa upalabdha vaidika saMhitAoM ke lie hI prayukta hone lagA hai. isI prakAra 'varNa' zabda ke bhI vibhinna prayogoM meM samaya bheda se parivartita hone vAlI varNa-viSayaka dRSTiyoM kA prabhAva dikhAyA jA sakatA hai. 'yajJa' Adi jaise mahattva ke zabdoM kA samaya-bheda se hone vAlA bhinna-bhinna arthoM meM prayoga spaSTatayA vicAroM meM ghAtapratighAta tathA sAmayika AvazyakatAoM ke phalasvarUpa hone vAlI bhAratIya saMskRti kI pragati kI ora hI saMketa karatA hai. AcAra-vicAra kI dRSTi se bhI anekAneka spaSTa udAharaNoM se bhAratIya saMskRti kabhI sthitizIla na hokara sadA pragatizIla yA parivartanazIla rahI hai, isa siddhAnta kI puSTi kI jA sakatI hai. zUdra, atizUdra kahalAne vAlI bhAratIya jAtiyoM ke prati hamArI kaThora dRSTi aura vyavahAra meM sAmayika paristhitiyoM aura santa mahAtmAoM ke AndolanoM ke kAraNa zanaiHzanaiH hone vAlA vikAsonmukha parivartana bhAratIya saMskRti kI pragatizIlatA kA eka ujjvala udAharaNa hai. 'na zUdrAya matiM dadyAt (zUdra ko kisI prakAra kA upadeza na de), tathA padhu ha vo etacchmazAnaM yacchUdrastasmAcchUdrasamIpe nAdhyetavyam (zUdra to mAno calatA-phiratA zmazAna hai. isalie usake samIpa meM vedAdi nahIM par3hanA cAhie, zUdra ke prati isa kaThora aura azobhana dRSTi se cala kara usako 'harijana' mAnane kI dRSTi meM spaSTatayA AkAza-pAtAla kA antara hai.4 isI prakAra vibhinna videzI jAtiyoM ko AtmasAt (hama isako 'zuddhi' nahIM mAnate) karane meM, videzoM meM bhAratIya saMskRti ke saMdeza ko pahu~cAne meM, aura veda, aura zAstroM kI duradhigama koThariyoM meM banda usa sandeza ko janatA kI bhASA meM, prAyaH janatA ke hI sacce pratinidhi santa-mahAtmAoM dvArA, sarva sAdhAraNa ke lie sulabha kiye jAne meM, hameM uparyukta pragatizIlatA kA siddhAnta hI kAma karatA huA dIkhatA hai. bhAratIya saMskRti ke itihAsa ke lambe kAla meM aise sthala bhI avazya Ate haiM jaba ki usake rUpa meM hone vAle parivartana ApAtataH vikAsonmukha pragati ko nahIM dikhalAte. to bhI ve usakI sthiti-zIlatA ko to siddha karate hI haiM. sAtha hI, jaise svAsthya-vijJAna kI dRSTi se rogAvasthA arucikara hone para bhI hamAre svAsthya-virodhI tattvoM ko ubhAr3a kara unako nAza karake hamAre svAsthya meM sahAyaka hotI hai, usI prakAra ApAtataH avAMchanIya parivartanoM ko samajhanA cAhie. kabhI-kabhI una parivartanoM ke mUla meM hamArI jAtIya AtmarakSA kI svAbhAvika pravRtti yA sAmayika AvazyakatA bhI kAma karatI huI dIkhatI hai. isalie una parivartanoM ke kAraNa bhAratIya saMskRti kI pragatizIlatA ke hamAre uparyukta sAmAnya siddhAMta meM koI kSati nahIM AtI. 1. svAmI dayAnanda-kRta 'AryoddezyaratnamAlA' se. 2. manusmRti 4.80. 3. dekhie-'vedAntasUtra-zAMkarabhASya' 1.3.38. 4. isa dRSTi-bheda ke vistRta itihAsa meM eka prakAra se bhAratIya saMskRti kA sArA itihAsa pratibimbita rUpa meM dikhAyA jA sakatA hai. hama isa para svatantrarUpa se phira kabhI vicAra karanA cAhate haiM.
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________________ DA0 maMgaladeva zAstrI : bhAratIya saMskRti kA vAstavika dRSTikoNa : 533 yaha pragatizIlatA yA parivartanazIlatA kA siddhAMta kevala hamArI kalpanA nahIM hai hamAre dharmazAstroM ne bhI isako mukta kaNTha se svIkAra kiyA hai. dharmazAstroM kA kali-vayaM prakaraNa' prasiddha hai. isameM prAcIna kAla meM kisI samaya pracalita gomedha, azvamedha, niyogaprathA Adi kA kalayuga meM niSedha kiyA gayA hai. vibhinna paristhitiyoM ke kAraNa bhAratIya saMskRti ke svarUpa meM pragati yA parivartana hote rahe haiM isa bAta kA, hamAre dharmazAstroM ke hI zabdoM meM, isase adhika spaSTa pramANa milanA kaThina hogA. isake atirikta, pratyeka yuga meM usakI AvazyakatA ke anusAra 'dharma' kA parivartana hotA rahatA hai, isa sAmAnya siddhAMta kA pratipAdana bhI dharmazAstroM meM spakRta: milatA hai. udAharaNArtha : anye kRtayuge dharmAstretAyAM dvApara yuge / anye kaliyuge nRNAM yugarUpAnusArataH / yugeSvAvartamAneSu dharmo'pyAvartate punaH / dharmavvAvartamAneSu loko'pyAvartate punaH / zrutizca zaucamAcAraH pratikAlaM vibhidyate / nAnA dharmAH pravartante mAnavAnAM yuge-yuge / arthAt, satyayuga, tretA, dvApara aura kaliyuga meM yuga ke rUpa yA paristhiti ke anusAra 'dharma' kA parivartana hotA rahatA hai. yuga-yuga meM manuSyoM kI zruti (dhArmika mAnyatA kI pustaka yA sAhitya), zauca (svacchatA kA svarUpa aura prakAra) aura AcAra (AcAra-vicAra yA vyavahAra) sAmayika AvazyakatAoM ke anusAra badalate rahate haiM. dharmazAstroM kI aisI spaSTa ghoSaNA ke hone para bhI, yaha Azcarya kI bAta hai ki hamAre prAcIna dharmazAstrI vidvAnoM ke bhI mana meM 'bhAratIya saMskRti sthitizIla hai' yaha dhAraNA baiThI huI hai. gAMdhI-yuga se pahale ke sAMpradAyika vidvAnoM ke zAstrArtha aba bhI logoM ko smaraNa hoMge. unameM yahI nirarthaka tathA upahAsAspada jhagar3A rahatA thA ki hamArA siddhAMta sanAtana hai yA tumhArA. aba bhI yaha dhAraNA hamAre deza meM kAphI ghara kiye hue hai. isI ke kAraNa sAMpradAyika kaTu bhAvanA tathA saMkIrNa vicAra-dhArA aba bhI hamAre deza meM sira uThAne ko aura hamAre sAmAjika jIvana ko viSAkta karane ko sadA taiyAra rahatI hai. isalie bhAratIya saMskRti kI sabase pahalI maulika AvazyakatA yaha hai ki usako hama svabhAvataH pragatizIla ghoSita kareM. usI dazA meM bhAratIya saMskRti apanI prAcIna paramparA, prAcIna sAhitya aura itihAsa kA ucita sammAna tathA garva karate hae apane antarAtmA kI saMdeza-rUpI mAnava-kalyANa kI saccI bhAvanA se Age bar3hatI huI, vartamAna prabuddha bhArata ke hI lie nahIM, apitu saMsAra bhara ke lie unnati aura zAnti ke mArga ko dikhAne meM sahAyaka ho sakatI hai. yaha kArya 'hamArA Adarza yA lakSya bhaviSya meM hai, pazcAddazitA meM nahIM' yahI mAnane se ho sakatA hai. bhAratIya saMskRti rUpI gaMgA kI dhArA sadA Age hI bar3hatI jAegI, pIche nahIM loTegI. prAcIna yuga jaisA bhI rahA ho, punaH usI rUpa meM lauTa kara nahIM A sakatA, hamArA kalyANa hamAre bhaviSya ke nirmANa meM nihita hai, hama usake nirmANa meM apanI prAcIna jAtIya saMpatti ke sAtha-sAtha navIna jagat meM prApya saMpatti kA bhI upayoga kareMge. yahI bhAratIya saMskRti kI pragatizIlatA ke siddhAnta kA rahasya aura hRdaya hai. bhAratIya saMskRti kA dUsarA siddhAMta usakA asAmpradAyika honA hai. yahA~ hama usI kI vyAkhyA kareMge: 1. dekhie-'atha kalivAni. bRhannAradIye-samudrayAtuH svIkAraH kamaNDaluvidhAraNam / "devarAcca sutotpattimadhuparke ca gorvadhaH / mAMsadAnaM tathA zrAddhe vAnaprasthAzramastathA / "naramedhAzvamedhako / gomevazca tathA makhaH / imAn dharmAn kaliyuge vAnAhurmanISiNaH // 'ityAdi -nirNayasindhu, kalivayaMprakagaraNa. UICK Jaintduce KIS Ronse of pa pelibrary.org
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________________ Jain Ed 534 : muni zrI hajArImala smRti grantha : tRtIya adhyAya bhAratIya saMskRti kI sAMpradAyikatA saMskRta meM prAcIna kAla se eka kahAvata calI A rahI hai ki : zrutayo vibhinnAH smRtayo vibhinnA ko munizya mataM pramANam / arthAt zrutiyoM aura smRtiyoM meM paraspara vibhinna mata pAye jAte haiM. yahI bAta muniyoM ke viSaya meM bhI ThIka hai. isakA abhiprAya yahI hai ki kisI bhI sabhya samAja meM matabheda aura tanmUlaka sampradAyoM kA bheda yA bAhulya svAbhAvika hotA hai. isakA mUla kAraNa manovaijJAnika dRSTi se manuSyoM kI svAbhAvika pravRtti aura ruci meM bheda kA honA hI hai. koI vyakti svabhAva se hI jJAna pradhAna, koI karma pradhAna aura koI bhakti yA bhAvanA pradhAna hotA hai. phira samaya-bheda tathA deza-bheda se bhI manuSyoM kI pravRttiyoM meM bheda dekhA jAtA hai. registAna ke zuSka pradeza meM rahane vAloM ke aura baMgAla jaise namI pradhAna pradeza meM rahane vAloM ke svabhAvoM meM antara honA svAbhAvika hI hai. aise hI kAraNoM se bhArata varSa jaise vizAla aura prAcIna paramparA vAle deza meM anekAneka sampradAyoM kA honA bilkula svAbhAvika hai. eka sImA taka yaha sampradAya bheda svAbhAvika hone ke kAraNa vyaktiyoM kI satpravRttiyoM ke vikAsa kA sAdhaka hotA hai. yaha tabhI hotA hai jaba ki una vibhinna sampradAyoM ke logoM ke sAmane koI aisA uccatara Adarza hotA hai jo una sabako paraspara saMgaThita aura sammilita rahane kI preraNA de sakatA ho. parantu prAyaH aisA dekhA jAtA hai ki sAMpradAyika netAoM kI svArtha buddhi aura dharmAndhatA yA asahiSNutA ke kAraNa sampradAyoM kA vAtAvaraNa dUSita, saMgharSamaya aura viSAkta ho jAtA hai. usa dazA meM sampradAya-bheda apane anuyAyiyoM ke tathA deza ke liye bhI atyanta hAnikAraka Ara ghAtaka siddha hotA hai. bhAratIya saMskRti kI AMtarika dhArA meM cirantana se sahiSNutA kI bhAvanA kA pravAha calA AyA hai. to bhI, bhAratavarSa meM sampradAyoM kA itihAsa bahuta kucha uparyukta doSoM se yukta ho rahA hai. Arthika aura rAjanItika svArthoM ke kAraNa aura kucha aMzoM meM dharmAndhatA ke kAraNa bhI apane-apane netAoM dvArA sampradAyoM kA aura svabhAvataH zAMti pradhAna, para bholI-bhAlI aura mUrkha, janatA kA paryApta durupayoga kiyA gayA hai. sAmpradAyika vaimanasya aura atyAcAra kA ullekha karane para Ajakala tatkAla hindU-musalima vaimanasya yA pichalI zatAbdiyoM meM dakSiNa bhArata meM IsAiyoM dvArA hindU janatA para kiye AtyAcAra sAmane A jAte haiM. yaha saba to nissandeha ThIka hI hai. para sAmpradAyika asahiSNutA aura atyAcAra kA vizuddha bhAratIya sampradAyoM meM abhAva rahA hai, yaha na samajha lenA cAhie. paurANika tathA dharmazAstrIya saMskRta sAhitya meM varNita una vyaktigata athavA sAmUhika atyAcAroM' ke AkhyAnoM yA vivAnoM ko, jo vAstava meM sAmpradAyika asahiSNutAmUlaka yA usake byAja meM rAjanItika-mUlaka the, jAne dIjie. hama usakA ullekha yahA~ nahIM kareMge. yahA~ kucha anya nidarzanoM ko denA paryApta hogA. udAharaNArtha 'zramaNa-brAhmaNam' (vyAkaraNa-mahAbhASya 2.4.9) pada ke AdhAra para zramaNa (arthAta jaina-bauddhoM aura brAhmaNoM meM sarpa aura ne nakula jaisI kA ullekha kiyA jA sakatA hai. IsavI zatiyoM ke prArambhika kAla ke AsapAsa isa zatrutA zatrutA bhAratavarSa ke rAjanItika tathA dhArmika vAtAvaraNa meM jo halacala macA rakhI thI, vaha itihAsakAra se chipI nahIM hai. 1. udAharaNArtha, skanda-purANAntargata sUtasaMhitA meM zaiva saMpradAya ke virodhiyoM ke bAdhana aura zirazchedana kA spaSTatayA vidhAna kiyA hai, jaisezivayAtrANAM tu bAdhakAnAM tu bAdhanam / zivabhaktiriti proktA / bhasmasAdhana niSThAnAM dUSakasya chedanaM zirasaH // (sUtasaMhitA 4 / 26 / 26-32 ) | rAmAyaNa meM bhagavAn rAmacandra dvArA zambUka (zUdra) kA vadha prasiddha hai| veda sunane mAtra ke aparAdha ke lie zudra ke kAnoM meM rAMgA pilAne kI carcA prasiddha hI hai.
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________________ DaoN. maMgaladeva zAstrI : bhAratIya saMskRti kA vAstavika dRSTikoNa : 535 Aja kI asAmpradAyika bhArata sarakAra ke viruddha sampradAya-vAdiyoM kA Andolana usake sAmane kucha bhI nahIM hai. bhagavAn manu ne apanI manusmRti meM jaina jaise sampradAyoM ko nAstika hI nahIM kahA hai, unake dharmagraMthoM ko bhI 'kudRSTi' 'tamoniSTha' (ajJAnamUlaka) aura 'niSphala' kahA hai.' hastinA tADyamAno'pi na gacchejjainamandiram / (arthAt madamatta hAthI se pIchA kiye jAne para bhI, jaina-mandira meM na jAe) aise vacanoM se aura dakSiNa bhArata meM pUrvamadhya kAla meM anekAneka jaina-bauddha mandiroM ko balAt chIna kara paurANika mandiroM kA rUpa dene meM bhI sAMpradAyika vidveSa aura atyAcAra ke hI nidarzana hamAre sAmane Ate haiM. isake atirikta, nIce likhe uddharaNoM ko bhI dekhie : trayo vedasya kartAro bhaNDadhUrtanizAcarAH / (vedoM ke banAne vAle bhAMDa, dhUrta aura nizAcara ye tIna the), dhig dhik kapAlaM bhasmarudAkSavihInam / taM tyajedantyaM yathA / (bhasma aura rudrAkSa se jisakA kapAla vihIna hai usakA antyaja ke samAna dUra se hI parityAga kara de), bhavavatadharA ye ca ye ca tAn samanuvratAH / pASaNDinaste bhavantu scchaastrpripnthinH| -bhAgavata 4.2.28. (arthAt, zaivadharma ke anuyAyI vAstava meM pAkhaNDI aura sacchAstra ke virodhI haiM.) yathA zmazAna kASThaM sarvakarmasu garhitam / tathA cakrAGkito vipraH sarvakarmasu garhitaH / (arthAt zmazAna ke kASTha ke samAna hI cakrAMkita vaiSNava kA saba karmoM se bahiSkAra karanA cAhie. ) isI prakAra hamAre aneka dhArmika graMtha, zaiva, vaiSNava, jaina, bauddha Adi saMpradAyoM ke paraspara vidveSa ke bhAvoM se bhare par3e hai. isa sAmpradAyika vidveSa bhAvanA ne hamAre dArzanika granthoM para bhI kahAM taka avAMchanIya prabhAva DAlA hai, isakA acchA namUnA hamako 'mAdhvamukhabhaMga' 'mAdhvamukhacapeTika' durjana-kari-paMcAnana' jaise granthoM ke nAmoM se hI mila jAtA hai. ina nAmoM meM vidvajjana sulabha zAlInatA kA kitanA abhAva hai. yaha kahane kI bAta nahIM hai. darzanazAstra kA viSaya aisA hai jisakA prArambha hI vAstava meM sAmpradAyikatA kI saMkIrNa bhAvanA kI sImA kI samApti para honA cAhie. isalie dArzanika kSetra meM vibhinna saMpradAyoM ke loga saMkIrNatA se Upara uTha kara, sadbhAvanA aura sauhArda ke svaccha vAtAvaraNa meM ekatra sammilita ho sakate haiM. parantu bhAratavarSa meM dArzanika sAhitya kA vikAsa prAyeNa sAMpradAyika saMgharSa ke vAtAvaraNa meM hI huA thA. isalie unauna sampradAyoM se saMpRkta vibhinna darzanoM ke sAhitya se bhI prAyaH sAMpradAyikatA ko protsAhana milatA rahA hai. nyAya-vaizeSika darzanoM kA vikAsa zaiva sampradAya se huA hai. yoga kI paramparA kA bhI jhukAva zaiva sampradAya kI ora adhika hai. rahe pUrva-mImAMsA, vedAnta, bauddha aura jaina-darzana-inakA to spaSTatayA ghaniSTha sambandha vaidika, vaiSNava, bauddha aura jaina-sampradAyoM se hI rahA hai. eka sAMkhya-darzana aisA hai jisakI dRSTi prArambha se hI vizuddha dArzanika rahI hai. para isIlie use vedAntasUtra-zAMkarabhASya' Adi meM avaidika kaha kara tiraskRta kiyA gayA hai. 1. dekhie-'yA vedahyAH smRtayo yAzca kAzca kudRSTayaH / sarvAstA niSphalAH pretya tamoniSThA hi tAH smRtAH'-manusmRti 12.95. 2. isa viSaya meM rAjazekharasUrikRta SaDdarzana-samuccaya, tathA haribhadrasUrikRta SaDdarzana-samuccaya ko bhI dekhie. 3. dekhie 'na tayA zrutiviruddhamapi kApilaM mataM zraddhAtu zakyam'-vedAntasUtrazAMkarabhASya 2.1.1. Jain KENANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANONOSOM,.rg
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________________ + + + ++++++++++++++++ 136 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya sAMpradAyika bhAvanA kI taraha hI jAti-pAMti kA ananta bheda bhI bhAratIya samAja meM vaiSamya kA kAraNa rahA hai. aba bhI nAnA rUpoM meM hamAre samAja meM phailA huA isakA viSa hamAre aneka kAryakartAoM ko 'antaHzAktA bahiH zaivAH sabhAmadhye ca vaiSNavA' isa ukti kA lakSya banAtA rahatA hai. isa prakAra cirakAla se prAyeNa vicAra-saMkIrNatA aura paraspara saMgharSa kI bhAvanA se paripUrNa saMpradAyavAda, tadabhibhUta dArzanika sAhitya aura jAti-pAti ke bheda-bhAva se jarjarita bhAratIya janatA meM eka jAtIyatA ke navIna jIvana kA saMcAra karane ke liye, mAno eka upAsya deva ke rUpa meM, ekamAtra pragatizIla tathA asAMpradAyika bhAratIya saMskRti ke Adarza kA hI Azraya liyA jA sakatA hai. bhAratIya saMskRti asAmpradAyika hai, isakA abhiprAya yaha nahIM hai ki bhAratIya saMskRti kA sampradAya-vizeSa se koI virodha yA jhagar3A hai. pratyuta naitikatA tathA mAnava-hita kI bhAvanA kI sImA ke andara vaha sampradAyoM kA sammAna karatI hai aura kisI mukhya dhArA kI sahAyaka nadiyoM ke samAna, unako apanA upakAraka aura pUraka mAnatI hai. naiyAyikoM kI jAti, jaise vyaktiyoM se pRthak hote hue bhI unase pRthak nahIM rahatI, isI prakAra saMskRti bhAratIya saMpradAyoM se pRthaka arthAt svayaM asAmpradAyika hote hue bhI unase pRthak nahIM hai. isI kAraNa, bhAratIya saMskRti ke nAte se, sampradAyoM kA paraspara sambandha Adarayukta aura sauhArda-pUrNa honA cAhie. unameM hor3a yA spardhA bhI ho to vaha mAnava-hita aura bhAratIya saMskRti ke mahattva ko bar3hAne vAlI bAtoM meM honI cAhie. isa prakAra asAmpradAyika bhAratIya saMskRti kI bhAvanA hI sampradAyoM meM pArasparika saMgharSa kI bhAvanA ko naSTa kara unako apane vizuddha kartavya-pAlana ke lie preraNA de sakatI hai. bhAratIya saMskRti kA tIsarA siddhAMta hai : bhAratIya saMskRti kI bhArata ke samasta itihAsa meM mamatva-bhAvanA bhAratIya saMskRti kI satata-pravahaNa-zIla dhArA kI tulanA bhagavatI gaMgA kI dhArA se kI jA sakatI hai. jaise gaMgA kI dhArA meM mUla kisI ajJAta sthAna se nikala kara, anekAneka duradhigama tathA durgama U~ce-nIce parvatoM aura pradezoM meM hotI huI, aneka vibhinna dhArAoM ke jalapravAhoM ko AtmasAt karatI huI, anta meM sundara ramaNIka samatala pradezoM meM praveza kara navInatara gambhIratA, vistAra aura pravAha ke sAtha Age kI ora hI bahatI hai, ThIka usI taraha bhAratIya saMskRti kI dhArA kisI prAgaitihAsika ajJAta yuga se prArambha hokara, anukula tathA pratikUla vibhinna paristhitiyoM meM se gujaratI huI tathA vibhinna prakAra kI vicAra-dhArAoM ko AtmasAt karatI huI zanaiH zanaiH apane vizAlatara aura gambhIratara rUpa meM Age bar3hatI huI hI dikhAyI detI hai. viziSTa sthAnoM ke viziSTa mAhAtmya ke hone para bhI jaise gaMgA kI samasta dhArA meM hamArI mAnyatA hai, isI prakAra bhAratIya saMskRti kI dRSTi se usakI pUrI dhArA meM, dUsare zabdoM meM, bhArata ke samasta itihAsa meM hamArI mamatva kI bhAvanA honI cAhie. aise kiye vinA na to, 'bhAratIya saMskRti' zabda kI hI koI sArthakatA rahegI aura na dezavyApI bhAratIyatva kI bhAvanA ko hI hama jIvita rakha sakeMge. parantu durbhAgya se aba taka hamArI sthiti prAyaH ukta siddhAMta ke pratikUla hI rahI hai. sAMpradAyikatA, nirAzAvAda aura tajjanita pazcAdRSTi kI bhAvanA, vibhinna saMkIrNa svArthoM kI kSati aura unake prAcIna kAla ke, kucha kalpita aura kucha vAstavika, abhyudaya kI nirAzAprada smRti, ityAdi aneka kAraNoM se hama ukta Avazyaka siddhAMta ko prAyaH avahelanA karate rahe haiM, aura yaha pravRtti aba taka hamameM vidyamAna hai. hamAre dharmazAstroM meM yugoM ke krama se dharma ke hrAsa kA siddhAMta, purANoM meM 'nandAntaM kSatriyakulam' (arthAt nandoM ke rAjyArUr3ha hone para vaidika paramparA ke poSaka jo 'kSatriya' rAjA the unakA anta ho gayA) yaha kathana, athavA kaliyuga ke duSprabhAva kA varNana, ye saba usI pravRtti ke nidarzana haiM. vaidika paramparA ke usa antima yuga ke dinoM meM, jaba ki janmanA jAtivAda khUba bar3ha gayA thA aura hamAre yajJoM ne bhI kevala yAntrika dravya-yajJoM kA rUpa dhAraNa kara liyA thA, sAdhAraNa janatA ke hita kI AvAja uThAne vAle bauddha aura MARKESARNEARNAMASHAVAT ARATEST kara 2-80038ARAT VERe8 - Jain Eucati rary.org
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________________ DA. maMgaladeva zAstrI : bhAratIya saMskRti kA vAstavika dRSTikoNa : 537 jainadhoM ke abhyudaya se tathA prAyaH usI ke phala-svarUpa rAjanItika prAdhAnya ke dUsaroM ke hAthoM meM cale jAne se, vaidika sampradAya ke netAoM meM svabhAvataH utpanna hone vAlI nirAzA ne hI uparyukta vicAroM ko janma diyA thA, isI sAMpradAyika (tathA rAjanItika) pratikriyA ke kAraNa hama dekhate haiM ki una zatAbdiyoM ke tathA taduttarakAlIna saMskRta sAhitya meM vizva ko camatkRta karane vAle bauddha-dharma sambandhI rAjanItika tathA dhArmika abhyudaya kI kucha bhI carcA nahIM hai. yadi Adhunika aitihAsika anusandhAna isake uddhAra ko apane hAtha meM na letA, to bhAratavarSa ke gaurava aura garva ke isa svarNa-yuga ke itihAsa ko hama sadA ke liye kho baiThate. aba bhI, isa vidyA aura jJAna ke yuga meM bhI, hama meM aise saMkIrNa-dRSTi vAle sAMpradAyikoM kI kamI nahIM hai jo samajhate haiM ki mahAbhArata kAla ke pazcAt bhArata kA jo bhI mahattva kA itihAsa hai, vaha unake liye arucikara na ho to bhI, unake garva aura gaurava kI vastu nahIM hai. yahA~ taka ki kAlIdAsa ke saMsAra ko mugdha karane vAle zAkuntala nATaka se, bhaktisudhA ke pravAha-rUpa bhAgavata se, yA bhArata kI koTizaH janatA kI dhArmika athavA AdhyAtmika pipAsA ko zAnta karane vAle santoM ke sAhitya se bhI koI vAstavika ullAsa yA prasannatA prApta nahIM hotI. isa prakAra kI ekAMgI yA pakSapAta kI dRSTi se na to hama bhAratIya saMskRti ke pravAha aura paramparA ko hI samajha sakate haiM, aura na hama usake sAtha nyAya hI kara sakate haiM. vAstava meM bhAratIya saMskRti ke pravAha aura svarUpa ko samajhane ke liye hameM janatA ke vikAsa kI dRSTi se hI usakA adhyayana karanA hogA bhAratIya itihAsa ke vibhinna kAloM kA mahattva bhI hameM, kisI sampradAya yA rAjavaMza kI dRSTi se nahIM, kintu janatA kI dRSTi se hI mAnanA par3egA. isa prakAra ke adhyayana se hI hameM pratIta hogA ki bhAratIya saMskRti kI pragati meM vaidika yuga ke samAna hI bauddha-yuga kA yA santa-yuga kA bhI mahattva rahA hai. rAjavaMzoM ke itihAsa se hI kisI deza kI saMskRti kA itihAsa samApta nahIM ho jAtA. rAjavaMza to kisI nagara ke bAhya prAkAra ke hI sthAnIya hote haiM. prAkAra ke andara praveza karane para hI prajA yA janatA ke vAstavika jIvana kA patA laga sakatA hai. isalie janatA ke jIvana ke avicchinna pravAha ko yA loka-saMskRti kI pragati ko samajhane ke liye kisI deza ke samasta itihAsa se sambandha aura saMparka sthApita karanA Avazyaka hotA hai. isI ko hamane Upara mamatva-bhAvanA zabda se kahA hai. isa mamatva-bhAvanA ke hone para hI hama apanI saMkIrNa sAMpradAyika bhAvanAoM ko pRthak rakha ke, bhArata ke samasta mahAn vyaktiyoM meM, cAhe ve kisI sampradAya ke yA jAti ke kahe jAte hoM, mamatva kA, samAdara kA, zraddhA kA aura garva kA anubhava kareMge. Ajakala ina mahAn vyaktiyoM ko sAmpradAyikoM ne apane-apane sampradAyoM kI taMga koThariyoM meM kaida kara rakhA hai. hamArA kartavya hai ki hama unako usa kaida se nikAla kara eka khule asAMpradAyika vAtAvaraNa meM lAveM, jisase unake upadezAmRta kA lAbha samasta deza ko hI kyoM, sAre saMsAra ko ho. asAmpradAyika bhAratIya-saMskRti kI bhAvanA se hI yaha ho sakatA hai. bhAratIya saMskRti ke sambandha meM antima siddhAMta hai : bhAratIya saMskRti kI akhila-bhAratIya bhAvanA bhArata ke samasta itihAsa ke mamatva-bhAvanA kI vyAkhyA karate hue hamane bhAratIya saMskRti ke aitihAsika vikAsa aura vistAra kI ora saMketa kiyA hai, usI prakAra bhAratIya saMskRti kI akhila bhAratIya bhAvanA kA saMketa usake dezakRta vistAra kI ora hai. aitihAsika vikAsa aura vistAra ke samAna hI usake akhila daizika vistAra ke sAtha bhI mamatvabhAvanA kI AvazyakatA hai. isako hamAre deza ke prAcIna netAoM ne acchI taraha anubhava kiyA thA. isIlie hamAre dhArmika tIrthasthAna deza ke konekone meM, pratyeka prAnta meM, niyata kiye gaye the. kumbha jaise dhArmika mele bhI deza ke vibhinna prAntoM meM bArI-bArI se hote C ainelorary.org
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________________ 538 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya haiM. isIlie tattat prAntoM meM kisI kA bhI rAjya ho, saba prAntoM ke vAsI dhArmika yAtrAoM meM samasta deza meM jAte the. sAMskRtika dRSTi se ve samasta bhArata ko apanA deza samajhate the. bhAratIya saMskRti kI akhila bhAratIya bhAvanA hI prAMtIya saMgharSoM ko bahuta-kucha niyantraNa meM rakha sakatI hai. parantu isa sambandha meM hamArA kartavya kevala prAntIya saMgharSoM ke pratikAra se hI samApta nahIM ho jAtA. hamArA uttaradAyitva isase bahuta adhika hai. Aja ke bhAratavarSa kI eka bar3I samasyA usakA sAMpradAyika saMgharSa tathA pichar3I jAtiyoM kA prazna hai. bhAratIya saMskRti kI akhila bhAratIya bhAvanA kA abhiprAya mukhyata: yaha hai ki hama ukta samasyA kA vAstavika samAdhAna bhAratIya saMskRti kI dRSTi se kara sakeM. bhAratIya saMskRti ke sambandha meM Upara dikhalAye hue siddhAMtoM ko dRSTi meM rakha kara bar3e udAra hRdaya se sAmpradAyika tathA pichar3I jAtiyoM kI samasyA ko hAtha meM lene se hI usakA samAdhAna hama kara sakeMge. sampradAyoM meM paraspara samAdara aura sammAna kI bhAvanA sthApita karane se, aise jAtIya tathA Rtu-sambandhI parvo aura vibhinna sampradAyoM ke mAnya mahApuruSoM kI jayantiyoM kI sthApanA se jinameM saba premapUrvaka bhAga le sakeM, tathA adhika-se-adhika sadbhAvanA ke sAtha bauddhika, naitika, sAhityika aura kalA-sambandhI saMparka sthApita karane se hI sAMpradAyika samasyA kA samAdhAna ho sakatA hai. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ DA0 gulAbacandra caudharI ema0 e0, pI-eca0 DI0 prophesara, prAkRta jaina risarca insTITyUTa, mujaphpharapura filemHUTAHILIL.C RDSIE5360 AryoM se pahale kI bhAratIya saMskRti jaba se sindhu ghATI kI khudAI huI hai aura purAtattva vibhAga ne eka viziSTa sabhyatA kI sAmagrI upasthita kI hai; taba se hameM AryoM ke Agamana se pUrva kI bhAratIya sthiti jAnane kI parama jijJAsA utpanna huI hai aura lagabhaga cAra pIr3hiyoM se vidvadgaNa usa sudUra atIta ko jAnane ke liye prayatnazIla haiM. bhAratIya itihAsa kA vaijJAnika adhyayana jaba zizu avasthA meM thA, tabhI vidvAnoM ne isake vivecana kA kucha galata tarIkA apanA liyA thA. ve isa pRthvItala para DAvina ke prANi-vikAsavAda ke anusAra bandara se manuSya kI utpati batalA kara bhArata meM Adi sabhyatA kA darzana vedakAla se mAnate the. yaha satra thA ki taba unake pAsa itihAsa jAnane ke sAdhana hI kama the tathA vizva ke sarva prathama sAhitya ke rUpa meM veda hI unake sAmane the. para Aja bhAratavarSa ke vedakAlIna aura usake pazcAt yuga ke sAMskRtika itihAsa ko jAnane ke liye pracura likhita sAhitya hI nahIM balki vizAla purAtattva sAmagrI upalabdha hai, tathA AryoM ke Agamana ke pUrva kI prAgvaidika bhAratIya saMskRti ke jJAna ke liye bhI vidvAnoM ne aneka sAdhana juTA liye haiM. Aja vidvAn loga jina sAdhanoM kA Azraya le kara usa sudUra atIta kA citra upasthita karate haiM ve mukhyataH tIna haiM : (1) mAnavavaMza vijJAna (Anthropology), (2) bhASAvijJAna (Philology), tathA (3) purAtattva (Archacology) prathama mAnavavaMza vijJAna dvArA manuSya ke zarIra kA nirmANa tathA vizeSakara mukha-nAsikA ke nirmANa kA adhyayana kara vividha mAnava zAkhAoM kI pahacAna kI gaI hai. isa adhyayana se yaha niSkarSa nikalA hai ki Aja hI nahIM balki sudUra atIta meM bhArata kI jAtiyoM kA nirmANa aneka mAnava zAkhAoM ke saMmizraNa se huA hai. yaha saMmizraNa vedakAla se hI nahIM balki sindhu ghATI kI sabhyatA se bhI prAcIna kAla se hai. dvitIya bhASA vijJAna ne bhASA ke vividha aMgoM ke vikAsa ke adhyayana ke sAtha vividha saMskRtiyoM ke pratinidhi zabdoM ko khoja nikAlA hai aura una saMskRtiyoM ke AdAna-pradAna tathA saMmizraNa ke itihAsa jAnane kI bhUmikA prastuta kI hai. bhASA vijJAna se tatkAlIna samAja kI vicAradhArA aura sAMskRtika sthiti kA bhI patA lagatA hai. tRtIya purAtattva sAmagrI, itihAsa kA eka dRr3ha AdhAra hai. jahAM anya aitihAsika sAdhana mauna raha jAte haiM yA dhuMdhale dIkhate haiM vahAM isa purAtattva kI gati hai, yaha anya nirbala se dIkhane vAle pramANoM meM sabalatA pradAna karatA hai. isa purAtattva kI preraNA se hama bhAratIya saMskRti ke prAryetara AdhAroM ko khojane meM samartha hue haiM. bhAratIya itihAsa ko jaba hama vizva-itihAsa kA eka bhAga mAnakara adhyayana karate haiM tathA vizeSakara nikaTa pUrva (Near East) se saMbaMdhita kara vedoM kA adhyayana karate haiM to mAnava-itihAsa kI aneka samasyAeM sahaja meM sulajha jAtI haiM. vedoM meM vaNita ghaTanAoM kA matalaba nikaTa pUrva (Near East) kI ghaTanAoM se mAlUma hotA hai. ina ghaTanAoM se vidvAnoM ne siddha kiyA hai ki Arya loga bhArata meM bAhara se Aye haiM. unheM bAhara se Ane para do prakAra ke zatruoM se sAmanA karanA par3A. eka to vrAtya kahalAte the jo ki sabhya jAti ke the. dUsare the dAsa aura dasyu jo ki Aryetara jAti ke the. ye nagaroM meM rahane vAle loga the. vedoM meM inake bar3e-bar3e nagaroM (puroM) kA ullekha hai. inameM se jo vyApArI the ve gaNi kahalAte the ; jinase AryoM ko aneka avasaroM para yuddha karanA par3A thA. Rgveda meM divodAsa aura purukutsa kA una ( Jain C Clibr.org
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________________ 540 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-pranya : tRtIya adhyAya puroM ke svAmiyoM se yuddha kA varNana hai. Rgdeva (7-18) meM divodAsa ke potra sudAsa dvArA eka zatrudala ke parAjaya kA varNana hai, usameM nimnalikhita jAtiyoM turvasu, matsya, bhRgu, drudhyu, paktha, malAnasa, alinas, ziva, viSANin, vaikarNa anu aja, zighu aura yantu kA ullekha hai. ina jAtiyoM ke saMbandha meM vidvAnoM ko bahuta kama mAlUma hai. zrI harita kRSNadeva ne inameM se bahuta kucha jAtiyoM kI pahacAna mizradezIya rikADoM se kI hai. unake kathanAnusAra ye bArahavIM zatAbdI I0 pUrva kI madhya-eziyA kI jAtiyAM thIM, tathA kucha dravir3oM kI sajAtIya aura kucha AryoM kI sajAtIya thIM. vedaracanA kI pUrvavartI tithi yadi ina ghaTanAoM ke AsapAsa mAnI jAya tathA uttaravartI tithi avestA ke prAcIna bhAgoM kI racanA sAtavIM zatA0 I0 pUrva aura akhemeniyana rAjAoM ke prAcIna phArasI meM likhe gaye abhilekhoM kI, jinase vaidika bhASA kA bahuta kucha milAna hotA hai-tithi chaThI zatA I0 pUrva mAnI jAya to hama vedaracanA kA samaya dasavIM IsA pUrva kaha sakate haiM. isI samaya Arya loga samUhoM (grAmoM) meM bhArata Aye the. mizra aura cAlDiyA ke prAgaitihAsa aura itihAsa kI ghaTanA kI tulanA meM AryoM ke Ane kI ghaTanA koI bahuta prAcIna nahIM baiThatI. katipaya vidvAna AryoM ke Agamana kI bAta jyotiSa gaNanA ke anusAra bahuta sudUra prAcIna kAla meM le jAte haiM para usa jyotiSa gaNanA kI vyAkhyA vaijJAnika anusaMdhAnoM ke AdhAra para kI jAya to AryoM ke Agamana kA samaya bahuta bAda baiThatA hai. isIlie vaidika kAla kI tithi ke nirNaya ke liye hamAre pAsa surakSita pakSa bhASAvijJAna aura purAtattva hI haiM. kucha vidvAn AryoM kA bhArata meM bAhara se AnA nahIM mAnate. ve inheM yahIM kA nivAsI mAnate haiM para unakA yaha kathana anumAnAzrita hai. mAnavavaMza vijJAna aura bhASAvijJAna ke adhyayana se unakA yaha mata puSTa nahIM hotA. AryoM ke bAhara se Ane kI ghaTanA koI kalpita nahIM hai tathA usakA ullekha bhI vedoM taka hI sImita nahIM. vaha aisI ghaTanA hai jisakI dhvani bAda ke sAhitya meM bhI milatI hai. saMskRta purANoM meM asuroM kI unnata bhautika sabhyatA kA tathA bar3e-bar3e prAsAda aura nagara banAne kI kalA kA ullekha hai. brAhmaNa, upaniSad aura mahAbhArata Adi paravartI sAhitya meM asuroM kI aneka jAtiyoM kA ullekha haiM jaise kAleyanAga Adi. ye sAre bhArata meM phaile the. inake aneka sthAnoM para bar3ebar3e kile the. yudhiSThira ke rAjasUya yajJa kA maNDapa isI asura jAti ke maya nAmaka vyakti ne banAyA thA. mahAbhArata aura purANoM meM brAhmaNa-kSatriyoM ke sAtha anArya nAga aura dAsoM ke vivAha ke aneka ullekha milate haiM. ye zAntipriya, unnatizIla aura vyApArI the. apane ina upAyoM se ye bhautika sabhyatA meM bahuta bar3e car3he the. ina para bhautika sabhyatA se pichar3I para yuddhapriya evaM udyamazIla tathA samRddha bhASA se sampanna Arya jAti ne AkramaNa prArambha kiyA. unheM bhautika sabhyatA ke vaibhava sukha meM palI sukumAra anArya jAti ko jItanA kaThina pratIta nahIM huA aura bar3I saralatA se use unhoMne vaza meM kara liyA. AryoM ke bhArata meM prabala do AkramaNa hue aisA vidvAnoM kA anumAna hai. Arya loga prAyaH jhuNDoM (grAmoM) meM Aye the evaM apane sAtha bar3A pazudhana tathA AzugAmI azvoM ke ratha lAye the. ve prakRtipUjaka the tathA unheM homa aura yajJa ke rUpa meM pazubali, yava, dUdha, makkhana aura soma car3hAte the. ve apanI pUrva nivAsabhUmi-laghu eziyA (Asia minor) aura asIriyA bAbula se kucha dhArmika mAnyatAeM, kucha kathA itihAsa (pralaya kAlIna jalaplAvana) Adi bhI sAtha meM lAye the. unakA jAtIya devatA indra thA jo ki bAbula ke devatA maIka se milatA-julatA hai. apanI samRddha bhASA se anAryoM ko vizeSa prabhAvita kiyA thA. AryoM ne yahA~ basakara yahAM ke nivAsiyoM ko hI apane meM parivartita nahIM kiyA balki svayaM bahuta hadataka unameM parivartita ho gae. Arya saMskRti ke nirmANa meM AryoM kI apekSA anAryoM kA bar3A bhAga hai. jaba anArya, AryoM meM sammilita hue to usa jAti ke samRddha kaviyoM ne AryabhASA meM apane bhI bhAva vyakta kiye, pada racanAyeM kI. unhoMne apane dArzanika, dhArmika, sAMskRtika, aitihAsika kathAnaka, AkhyAna Adi sAmagrI ko Arya bhASA meM prakaTa karanA zurU kiyA jaise ki Aja kA bhAratIya apane sAhitya ko aMgrejI meM prakaTa karatA hai. usase Arya sAhitya meM anArya saMskRti kA bahuta bar3A bhAga A gayA. anArya sAhityikoM ne AryoM kI bhASA ko sambhAlA, sudhArA. do prabala saMskRtiyoM ke saMgharSa kA pariNAma hI yaha hotA hai. Private Lywordarne prary.org
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________________ DA. gulAbacandra caudharI : AryoM se pahale kI bhAratIya saMskRti : 541 DA0 sunItikumAra caTarjI kA kahanA hai ki : 'Aja kI nUtana sAmagrI aura navIna uddhAra kArya batalAte haiM ki bhAratIya sabhyatA ke nirmANa meM na kevala AryoM ko zreya hai balki unase pahale rahane vAle anAryoM ko bhI hai. anAryoM kA isa sabhyatA ke nirmANa meM bahuta bar3A hissA hai. anAryoM ke pAsa AryoM se bahuta bar3hI-car3hI bhautika sabhyatA thI. jaba Arya begharabAra ke luTere the taba anArya bar3e-bar3e nagaroMmeM rahate the. bhAratIya dharma aura saMskRti kI aneka paramparAeM rIti-rivAja, prAcIna purANa aura itihAsa anArya bhASAoM se Arya bhASA meM anUdita kiye haiM kyoMki Arya bhASA aisI thI jo sarvatra chA gaI thI. tathApi usakI zuddhi kAyama na raha sakI kyoMki usameM aneka anArya zabda mila gaye haiM. mAnava vaMza-vijJAna ke adhyayana se bhArata kI bhUmi para prathama jisa anArya jAti kA patA calA hai, vaha hai kRSNAMga (Negrito). bandara se vikasita ho utpanna hone vAlI kisI jAti kA yahAM patA nahIM calA. kRSNAMgoM kI santAna Aja bhI andamAna dvIpoM meM pAI jAtI hai. unakI bhASA kA vizva kI kisI bhASA-zAkhA se saMbaMdha nahIM. pahale ye arabasAgara se cIna taka phaile hue the. para aba ve yA to khatama kara diye gaye yA dUsarI mAnava zAkhA ke logoM ne unheM apane meM pacA liyA. yatra-tatra bikhare zeSa logoM se unakI sudUra atIta kI saMskRti kA anumAna lagAnA saMbhava nahIM. kahA jAtA hai ki unake uttarAdhikArI balocistAna meM pAye jAte haiM tathA dakSiNa bhArata kI mukhya jaMgalI jAtiyoM meM unakA jAtIya guNa milatA hai. tibbata, barmA kI nAgA jAti ke rUpa meM bhI unakA astitva hai. cUMki yaha jAti bahuta prAcIna yuga kI hai isalie bAda kI sabhyatA meM isakI kyA dena rahI hai, yaha kahanA bar3A kaThina hai. yaha jAti apane pIche AnevAlI zakti-zAlinI mAnava zAkhAoM se apanI saMskRti ko bahuta kama bacA sakI. ajantA ke eka citra meM kRSNAMga jAti kA cinha milatA hai.. kRSNAMga jAti ke bAda pUrva kI ora se zrAgneya (Austric) jAti pAI. inakI bhASA, dharma aura saMskRti kA rUpa hinda cIna meM milatA hai. isa jAti kI saMtAneM aura bhASA prazAnta mahAsAgara ke dvIpa-puMjoM meM milatI haiM. ye asama se bhArata bhUmi para Aye aura yahAM Akara kucha to kRSNAMga jAti meM mila gaye aura kucha bhArata ke samRddha pradezoM meM apane se pIche AnevAlI jAtiyoM dvArA pacA liye gaye. isa jAti kA avazeSarUpa khAsI, kola, muNDA, saMthAla, mundarI, kuku aura zabara Adi jAtiyAM haiM. eka samaya thA jaba ki isa jAti ke loga sAre uttara bhArata, paMjAba aura madhyabhArata taka phaila gaye the tathA dakSiNa bhArata meM bhI ghusa gaye the. uttara bhArata ke vizAla nadiyoM ke kachAroM meM basa jAne meM inheM bar3I suvidhA huI. gaMgA zabda kI vyutpatti Agneya bhASA ke khAMga, kAMga Adi nadIvAcaka zabdoM se kahI jAtI hai. AryoM kI pada-racanA, dhvani aura muhAvaroM para inakI bhASA kA bar3A prabhAva hai. AryoM ne inake samparka meM Akara apanI bhASA ke rUpa ko badalA hai. ye bhautika sabhyatA meM bahuta bar3hakara the. inakI saMskRti ke aneka stara the jo madhyabhArata kI ucca viSama bhUmiyoM meM rahate the yA jo AryoM ke dabAva ke phalasvarUpa bhAge the ve aba bhI avikasita hAlata meM haiM para jo uttara bhArata ke maidAnoM meM rahate the unakI saMskRti kA avazeSa parivartita ArvIkaraNa ke rUpa meM aba bhI vidyamAna hai. Arya-saMskRti aura bhAgneya saMskRti kA AdAna-pradAna vizeSataH bhArata ke pUrvIya prAntoM meM huA hai. AyoM ne inase cAvala kI khetI karanA sIkhA. nAriyala, kelA, tAmbUla, supAr3I, haladI, adaraka, baiMgana, laukI Adi kA upayoga AgneyoM kI dena hai. korI arthAt bIsI kI gaNanA tathA candramA se tithi kI gaNanA Agneya hai. ve apane mRtakoM kI pASANa samAdhi banAte the. unake yahA~ paraloka kI mAnyatA thI tathA ve vizvAsa karate the ki AtmA aneka paryAyoM (hAlatoM) meM jAtI hai. unakI isa vicAradhArA se AryoM ko punarjanma kA siddhAnta milA. DA0 sunItikumAra caTarjI likhate haiM ki AryoM ne anAryoM se 'karma tathA paraloka siddhAnta ko, yogasAdhanA, ziva, devI ke rUpa meM paramAtmA ko mAnanA, vaidika homavidhi ke mukAbile unakI pUjAvidhi apanAI'. IsA ke hajAroM varSa pUrva, AryoM ke Ane se avazya bahuta prAcIna kAla meM pazcima bhArata se dravir3a loga Ae. yaha jAti Ajakala dakSiNa bhArata ke bahubhAga meM hai para Adhunika khojoM se siddha hai ki dravir3oM kA mUla nivAsasthAna pUrabI bhUmadhyasAgara ke pradeza haiM. laghu eziyA ke eka abhilekha meM vahAM kI jAti kA nAma 'millI' likhA hai jo tAmila PANDEY SY LATEM Jain HD MELamsuTHINTATIONSRTRAMAYANUARimjums municibrary.org MAINTAMITHHTH H
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________________ 542 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya zabda kA prAcIna rUpa mAlUma hotA hai. dravir3oM kA purAnA nAma dvAmila bhI hai jo tAmila aura millI kA mUlarUpa hai. ina logoM kI sabhyatA nagara-sabhyatA ke rUpa meM vikasita huI thI. inakI prAcIna sabhyatA ke avazeSa dajalA-phurAta nadiyoM kI ghATI se sindhu ghATI taka milate haiM. dravir3a loga vyApAra meM samRddha the tathA AdAna pradAna kI vastuoM kA nirmANa karate the. jau, gehU~ aura kapAsa kI khetI karate the, katAI aura bunAI kI kalA kA vikAsa caramasImA para thA. ve hAthI, UMTa, baila aura bhaiMsa ko rakhate the tathA ghor3e para savArI karanA jAnate the para vAhana ke rUpa meM ghor3e ke ratha kI jagaha bailagAr3I kA vizeSa prayoga karate the. upalabdha miTTI ke khilaunoM aura mUrtiyoM se mAlUma hotA hai ki usa samaya durgA, ziva aura liMga kI pUjA pracalita thI, kitanI hI kAyotsarga jainamUrtiyAM bhI usa kAla kI purAtattva sAmagrI se nikalI haiM. ve apane devatA kI pUjA, phala-phUla candana Adi se karate the. bali nahIM car3hAte the. jabaki Arya bahuta bar3I saMkhyA meM Akara paMjAba meM vyavasthita ho rahe the. taba dravir3a bhArata meM choTe bar3e rAjyoM meM vibhakta the. AgneyoM ko parAkrAnta kara inhoMne magadha aura kAmarUpa meM rAjya jamAye tathA dakSiNa meM kaliMga, kerala, cola, aura pANDya dezoM meM. dravir3oM ne bahuta pahale apane jahAjI ber3e kA vikAsa kiyA thA tathA dakSiNa bhArata, laMkA aura hinda dvipapuMjoM meM upaniveza sthApita kiye the. DA0 karna kA kahanA hai ki sumAtrA ko sabase pahale upaniveza banAne vAle dravir3a hI the. sindhu ghATI kI khudAI se jisa sabhyatA ke avazeSa mile haiM, usake vidhAtA dravir3a the--aisA vidvAnoM kA mata hai. AryoM se ThIka pahale kI jAti hone se vedoM meM inakI vividha jAtiyoM kA ullekha milatA hai so kaha cuke haiM. inase hI sIdhe saMgharSa hone kI ghaTanAe~ veda aura pazcAt kAlIna sAhitya meM haiM. AryoM ne vedoM meM dasyu, anAsa, mRdhravAk, ayajvan, akarmana, anyavrata Adi ghRNA pUrNa zabdoM se inhIM anAryoM kA ullekha kiyA hai. AryoM ne inase pRthak bane rahane ke lie 'varNabheda' banAyA. vaidika sAhitya sAre bhArata ke sAMskRtika itihAsa kA pratinidhitva nahIM kara sakatA, kyoMki vaha eka dezIya arthAt vizeSakara paMjAba, dillI ke AsapAsa kA sAhitya hai. vaha usa yAjJika saMskRti ke upAsakoM kI kRti hai jo dUsarI saMskRti ke utkarSa ke prati ati asahiSNu the. unhoMne bhArata ke madhyabhAga aura pUrvabhAga meM pracalita ahiMsaka saMskRtizramaNasaMskRti ko dhakkA diyA. zramaNa aura yAjJika saMskRti ke saMgharSa ke prakIrNaka ullekha brAhmaNa aura upaniSad granthoM meM milate haiM. zramaNa-saMskRti ke sUcaka arhan, zramaNa, yatayaH, munayaH vAtarasanAH vrAtya, mahAvAtya Adi zabda vaidika sAhitya meM pAye jAte haiM. zramaNoM ke pratinidhi RSabhadeva, ajitanAtha, ariSTanemi kA ullekha bhI vedoM meM milatA hai. atharvaveda ke 15 veM adhyAya meM vrAtyoM kA vizeSa varNana AyA hai. sAmaveda aura kucha zrautasUtroM meM vrAtyastomavidhi dvArA unheM zuddha kara vaidika paramparA meM sammilita karane kA bhI varNana hai. vrAtya logoM kI saMskRti vratamUlaka thI. ye yajJamUlaka saMskRti ke parama virodhI the. manusmRti ke dasaveM adhyAya meM licchavi, nAtha, malla Adi kSatriya jAtiyoM ko vrAtyoM meM ginAyA hai. ina kA darzana samatva yA zrama-tapasyA, kAyakleza Adi karma-kSaya karane para Azrita thA. mAlUma hotA hai ki isa zramaNa-saMskRti ke upAsakajana AryoM ke Agamana ke pUrva ke dravir3a jAti yA usake pUrva jAti vaMzadhara loga rahe hoMge, jinakI pUjA upAsanA, dArzanika mAnyatA, karmasiddhAnta, punarjanma, AtmA kI paryAya honA, sabhyatA ke anya aMga zramaNa-saMskRti ke prAktana rUpa hI haiM. yaha saMskRti cAroM tarapha bhArata meM phailI thI. tAmila bhASA ke prAcIna se prAcIna sAhitya isase prabhAvita the. aba taka usa saMskRti kI paricAyaka purAtattvAdi sAmagrI kA ThIkaThIka anusaMdhAna nahIM huA hai. sindhu ghATI kI khudAI se jo kucha prakAza par3A hai tathA gaMgAghATI kI khudAI se jo prakAza par3ane kI saMbhAvanA hai ye donoM avazya hI Agneya, dravir3a Adi dvArA upAsya zramaNa-saMskRti para prakAza DAleMge. 6000 READARA h
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________________ muni zrI kalyANa vijayajI gaNi jaina zramaNasaMgha kI zAsanapaddhati yadyapi prastuta lekha meM hameM zramaNasaMgha kI zAsana-paddhati kA hI mukhyatayA varNana karanA hai, tathApi isake prArambha meM 'jinazAsanapaddhati' kA nirdeza karanA bhI anivArya hai, kyoMki hamArI zramaNa-zAsana-paddhati bhI isI jina-zAsana-paddhati kA vistRta rUpa hai. jaina sUtroM meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ko 'dharmacakravartI' kahA hai, aura vAstava meM ve dharmacakravartI hI the. dhArmika rAjya kI vyavasthA karane meM ve svataMtra aura sArvabhauma sattAdhArI puruSa the. lAkhoM anuyAyiyoM para unakA akhaNDa prabhutva thA. anuyAyigaNa bar3I lagana ke sAtha unake zAsanoM kA anupAlana karate the. unake zAsana bhI sAMpradAyika bAr3e meM Dhakelane vAle phatave nahIM, kintu sarvagrAhya upadezAtmaka hote the. mahAvIra manuSyoM ke svabhAva aura unakI paristhitiyoM ke pUrNa jJAtA the, yahI kAraNa hai ki unake upadezoM meM kaThina se kaThina aura sugama se sugama sabhI taraha ke niyamoM ke pAlana kA Adeza hotA thA. inake mata meM 'nirgrantha sAdhu aura mokSa mArga meM vizvAsa mAtra rakhane vAlA gRhastha' donoM jaina the. isa vizAla dRSTi aura udAratA kA pariNAma yaha thA ki lAkhoM manuSya apanI-apanI zraddhA, bhakti aura zakti ke anusAra mahAvIra ke dharmamArga meM pravRtti kara rahe the. dharmacakravartI mahAvIra ke dharmasAmrAjya kI zAsana-paddhati kA itihAsa bahuta bar3A hai. apane hajAroM tyAgI aura lAkhoM gRhastha ziSyoM kI vyavasthA ke liye mahAvIra ne jo niyama banAye the, ve Aja bhI jaina zAstroM meM saMgRhIta haiM. eka dharma-vyavasthApaka apane anuyAyiyoM ke liye kaisI sundara vyavasthA kara sakatA hai, isa bAta ko samajhane ke liye mahAvIrapraNIta 'saMgha-vyavasthApaddhati' eka mananIya vastu hai. isa paddhati kA savistAra nirUpaNa karanA hamAre isa lekha kA viSaya nahIM hai. yahAM para to hama isakA digdarzanamAtra karA ke Age bar3heMge. mahAvIra ke zramaNagaNa-bhagavAn mahAvIra ke tamAma sAdhu nau vibhAgoM meM bA~Te hue the. ye vibhAga 'gaNa' athavA 'zramaNagaNa' isa nAma se pahicAne jAte the. ina gaNoM ke adhyakSa mahAvIra ke prathama dIkSita indrabhUti gautama Adi gyAraha ziSya the jo 'gaNadhara' kahalAte the. sAdhu-sAdhviyoM kI kula-vyavasthA ina gaNadharoM ke supurda thI. mahAvIra ne apane jimme dhArmika upadeza, anya tIthika tathA apane ziSyoM kI zaMkAoM ke samAdhAna aura dhArmika niyama batAnA ityAdi kAma rakhe the. zeSa saba kArya prAyaH gaNadharoM ke havAle rahate the. pUrvokta nau vibhAga vyavasthA-paddhati ke anusAra bane hue the. guNa kI apekSA se mahAvIra ke sAdhu sAta vibhAgoM meM bhI vibhakta the, jo 1-kevalI, 2 manaHparyavajJAnI, 3 avadhijJAnI, 4 vaikriyaddhika, 5 cartudaza pUrvI, 6 vAdI aura 7 sAmAnya sAdhu kahalAte the. Jain Education > LEor Private&Personality
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________________ Jain Ede 544 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : tRtIya adhyAya 1. kevalI athavA pUrNajJAnI sAdhuoM kI saMkhyA 700 kI thI aura inakA darjA sarvazreSTha thA. ye bhagavAn mahAvIra ke mukAbale ke jJAnI the. mahAvIra ne inakI pUrNa svataMtratA ko svIkAra kiyA thA. ye AtmadhyAna karane ke uparAnta dharmopadeza bhI dete the. 2. dUsare darje ke sAdhu 'manaH paryavajJAnI' yAne manovaijJAnika the. ye cittavRtti vAle prANiyoM ke mAnasika bhAvoM ke jJAtA hote the. 3. avadhijJAnI - athavA, maryAdita jJAnI sAdhu 1300 the. 4. caturdazapUrvI sampUrNa akSarajJAna ke pAraMgata hote the aura ziSyoM ko zAstrAdhyayana karAte the. 5. vaikriyaddhika athavA yogasiddhi prApta 700 sAdhu the jo prAyaH tapazcaryA aura dhyAna meM magna rahate the. 6. vAdI athavA tarka aura dArzanika siddhAntoM kI carcA karane vAle 400 sAdhu the, jo anya tIrthikoM ke sAtha carcA va zAstrArtha meM utarate aura jainadarzana ke Upara hone vAle AkramaNoM kA uttara dete the. 7. isa vibhAga meM zeSa tamAma sAdhu the, jo vidyAdhyayana, tapasyA, dhyAna aura viziSTa sAdhuoM kI sevA-cAkarI karate the. isa prakAra mahAvIra kA zramaNasaMgha yogyatA kI dRSTi se aura vyavasthA-paddhati ke anusAra bhinna-bhinna vibhAgoM meM vibhakta ho jAne se unakI vyavasthA-paddhati bar3I sugama ho gayI thI. yahI kAraNa hai ki mahAvIra ke jIvanakAla meM 1400 jitanA vizAla zramaNasaMgha ekAjJAdhIna thA. 30 varSa ke andara sirpha do sAdhu isa vizAla samudAya meM se mahAvIra ke siddhAntavizeSa ke sambandha meM viruddha hue the jo 'jamAlI' aura 'tiSyagupta' ina nAmoM se jainazAstra meM prasiddha haiM. ye donoM hI mahAvIra ke zramaNa saMgha se bAhara kiye gaye the. bhagavAn mahAvIra karIba 30 varSa taka dharma pracAra karake 72 varSa kI avasthA meM nirvANa prApta hue the. inake 11 gaNagharoM meM se gaNadhara inase pahale hI mukti-lAbha kara cuke the. gaNadharoM meM sirpha 'indrabhUti gautama' aura 'agnivaMzyAyana sudharmA ye do hI jIvita the. inameM se indrabhUti gautama ko mahAvIra kA nirvANa huA, usI rAtri ke aMta meM kevala jJAna ho jAne se ve nivRtti parAyaNa ho gaye the. isa kAraNa mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke bAda sampUrNa zramaNa saMgha ke 'pramukha' sudharmA gaNadhara bane the. yadyapi mahAvIra ke jIvanakAla meM 'jaina zAsana' ekacchatra rAjya ke DhaMga para hI calatA thA, para unake nirvANa ke bAda vaha sthiti nahIM rahI. mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke anantara jaina ' sthavirasattAka' yA 'yugapradhAna sattAka' karAe~ge. zramaNasaMgha kI vyavasthA ke lie eka 'navIna zAsana paddhati' sthApita huI thI jise zAsana paddhati kaha sakate haiM. prastuta lekha meM hama isI zAsanapaddhati kA digdarzana paribhASA - zAsana paddhati kA digdarzana karAne se pahale hama isake katipaya adhikAriyoM kI aura unake adhikAroM kI paribhASAyeM samajhAeMge. kyoMki isa zAsana ke adhikArI saMgha sthavira-yugapradhAna AcArya, upAdhyAya, gaNi, pravartaka, gaNAvacchedaka, sthavira ityAdi nAmoM se prasiddha haiM, aura inake adhikAra pada saMgha, gaNa, kula Adi bhI suprasiddha haiM para ina sabakI paribhASA kyA hai, yaha bahuta kama loga jAnate hoMge aura jaba taka inako paribhASAyeM jAtI nahIM gaI taba taka ina adhikAriyoM se banI huI zAsana paddhati ko samajhanA kaThina hai. 1. kula - eka AcArya kA ziSya parivAra zramaNaparibhASA meM 'kula' isa nAma se nirdiSTa hotA thA. isa prAcIna kula ko Adhunika jaina paribhASA meM 'saMghADA" kaha sakate haiM. 1. 'saMghATaka' zabda kA apabhraMza 'saMghADA' hai, 'saMvAdaka' kA artha jaina sUtroM kI paribhASAnusAra do (yugma) hotA hai parantu Adhunika jaina bhASA meM eka AcArya kI ziSya paramparA ko bhI 'saMghADA' kaha diyA karate haiM. S 22 www.lainelibrary.org
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________________ kalyANavijaya gaNi jaina zramaNasaMgha kI zAsanapaddhati 545 1: 2. kula sthavira aura unake adhikAra--uparyukta kula kA pramukha AcArya 'kulasthavira' kahalAtA thA. kula kI vyavasthA aura usa para zAsana karanA isa sthavira ke adhikAra meM rahatA thA. 3. gaNa-samAna AcAra aura kriyAvAle do se adhika kuloM kI saMyukta samiti ko 'gaNa' kahate the. 4. gaNasthavira aura unake adhikAra - ukta gaNa kA pramukha AcArya 'gaNasthavira' kahalAtA thA. gaNa ke zAsanavibhAga ke uparAnta gaNa kA nyAyavibhAga bhI isa sthavira ke hAtha meM rahatA thA. apane gaNa sambandhI aura kabhI-kabhI do bhAgoM ke bIca hone vAle jhagar3oM kA nipaTArA 'gaNa-sthivira' karate the. kula-sthaviroM ke kAmoM para nigarAnI rakhanA, unake die hue phaisaloM kI apIleM sunanA, saMgha sthavira kI sabhA meM hAjira hokara unameM salAha denA ityAdi gaNasthivara ke adhikAra ke kArya hote the. 5. saMgha -- uparyukta lakSaNa vAle sarva gaNoM kA saMyukta maMDala 'saMgha' isa nAma se pahacAnA jAtA thA. 6. saMgha - sthavira aura usakA adhikAra : ukta saMgha kA pramukha AcArya 'saMgha sthavira' kahalAtA thA. pramukha kI yogyatA se saMgha kI vyavasthA karanA, gaNa sthiviroM ke die hue phaisaloM kI apIleM sunanA aura gaNasthaviroM kI salAha se saMgha kI unnati ke liye ucita maryAdA niyamoM kA nirmANa karanA ityAdi kArya saMgha sthavira ke adhikAra meM rahate the. inameM 'kula sthavira' aura 'gaNa-sthavira' to apane kuloM aura gaNoM kI paramparA ke hI hote the, parantu saMghasthavira ke liye aisA koI niyama nahIM thA. kisI bhI kucha athavA gaNa kA ho, jo dIkSAparyAya, zAstrAbhyAsa, sthitiprajJatA, nyAyapriyatA mAdhyasthya Adi pramukhocita guNoM se sabase adhika sampanna hotA usI ko saMgha apanA pramukha banA letA thA. 7. yuga-pradhAna - jaina samAja meM 'yuga pradhAna' zabda jitanA prasiddha hai utanA hI isakA vAstavika artha aprasiddha hai. hamAre bahutere bhAiyoM kA khayAla hai ki 'yuga-pradhAna' koI lokottara puruSa hotA thA. jahA~ yaha vicaratA thA vahAM dubhikSAdi upadrava nahIM hote the. usa bhAgyavAn ke kaI aise zArIrika atizaya hote jo dUsaroM meM nahIM pAye jAte the. para vAstava meM aisI koI bAta nahIM hai. bhadrabAhu, AryamahAgiri aura vajrasvAmI jaise prasiddha mahAnubhAva AcAryoM ke samaya meM aise duSkAlAdi upadrava hue the jinakA varNana karate lekhinI kAMpatI hai phira bhI pUrvokta mahApuruSa yugapradhAna the, yaha bAta hama saba mAnate haiM. asala bAta to yaha hai ki jo AcArya apane samaya ke sarva Agama-sUtroM kA jJAtA aura anuyogadhara hone ke uparAnta vividha dezoM kI bhASA aura zAstroM kA jJAtA, deza dezAntaroM meM bhramaNa kiyA huA aura zAnti, dAkSiNyAdi guNa gaNavibhUSita hotA vahI 'yugapradhAna ' ( apane samaya kA zreSTha puruSa ) isa anvarthaka nAma se saMbodhita hotA thA. isa prakAra ke 'yugapradhAna ' eka samaya meM eka se adhika bhI hote the, unameM jo dIkSAparyAya meM bar3A hotA use 'saMghasthavira' banAyA jAtA thA. jaba taka saMghasthavira kAryakSama hote hue apane adhikAra para kAyama rahatA taba taka dUsare yugapradhAna gaNasthavira athavA kulasthavira ke hI pada para bane rahate the, aura vRddha saMghasthavira kA svargavAsa hone para unameM jo paryAyavRddha hotA vaha saMghasthavira banAyA jAta thA ! isa prakAra 'yugapradhAna ' yaha apane samaya ke 'sarvazreSTha puruSa' kA nAma hai. 8. gaccha --yaha 'gaccha' zabda pUrvakAla meM 3-4 Adi se lekara hajAroM sAdhuoM kI Tukar3iyoM ke artha meM pracalita thA. pAMca adhikAriyoM se bane hue tathA kAlAntara meM gaNa vyavasthApakamaNDala ke artha meM pracalita huA aura phira dhIre-dhIre yaha gaNa kA paryAya bana gayA hai. 12 vIM zatI kI sUtraTIkAoM meM unake raciyitAoM ne 'gaccha' kA artha 'kuloM kA samUha ' kiyA hai jo tatkAlIna sthiti ke anurodha se ThIka kahA jA sakatA hai siddhAnta ke anusAra nahIM. Jain Educatione R 66 S ainlibrary.org
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________________ 546 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : tRtIya adhyAya 6. AcArya - gaccharAjya kA sarvopari zAsaka puruSa 'AcArya' kahalAtA thA. yaha gaccha kA rAjA mAnA jAtA thA, gathasthavira hI AcArya athavA gacchAcArya kahalAtA thA. AcArya saMghasthavira kI vyavasthApikA sabhA kA sabhAsad ginA jAtA thA. athavA yoM kahiye ki vizAla rASTra meM eka dezapati rAjA kA jaisA darjA hotA hai, vaisA hI darjA sthavira rAjya meM gacchapati AcArya kA mAnA jAtA thA. yaha saba hote hue bhI isakI sattA kAnUnabaddha thI. hAM, kucha aniyaMtrita sattA bhI ise dI jAtI thI ki jisakA upayoga vaha viziSTa avasaroM va saMyogoM meM karatA thA, saMgha aura gaccha ke sAmane AcArya kI pUrI javAbadArI rahatI thI. vaha kucha aparAdha karatA to sAmAnya sAdhu se bhI adhika daNDa pAtA thA. bAra-bAra kAnUna bhaMga karanA, gaccha ke pratikUla calanA, gaccha kI vyavasthA karane meM ayogya sAbita honA ityAdi kAraNoM se AcAryoM ko apane pada taka kA tyAga karanA par3atA thA. 10. upAdhyAya - ' upAdhyAya' vartamAna AcArya kA uttarAdhikArI mAnA jAtA thA. isako jaina-zAstroM meM 'yuvarAja' kI upamA dI gaI hai. sacamuca hI yaha padAdhikArI yuvarAja kI yogyatA rakhatA huA gaccha ke aneka kAryoM meM AcArya kA hAtha baMTAtA thA. gacchavAsI vidyArthI sAdhuoM ko sUtra par3hAnA, yaha upAdhyAya kA mukhya kartavya hotA thA. 11. gaNi- 'gaNi' zabda kA prayoga kahIM AcArya ke aura kahIM upAdhyAya ke artha meM kiyA gayA hai aura kahA gayA hai| ki AcArya athavA upAdhyAya ko gairahAjirI meM una donoM ke kArya 'gaNi' calAtA thA. yadyapi gaccha - vyavasthApikA sabhA meM isakI koI khAsa baiThaka nahIM thI, phira bhI AcArya aura upAdhyAya ke kAryoM kA yaha bar3A sahAyaka thA. itanA hI nahIM balki unakI gairahAjirI meM yahI AcArya athavA upAdhyAya mAnA jAtA thA. isa padadhara ko AcArya upAdhyAya kA khAnagI mantrI kaha sakate haiM. 12. pravartaka - pravartaka- gaccha ke bAhya aura Antarika kAryoM kA vyavasthApaka mantrI thA. bAla, vRddha aura bImAra sAdhuoM kI dekhabhAla rakhanA, anajAna sAdhuoM ko gaccha aura saMgha ke sAmAnya niyamoM se vAkipha karAnA aura gaccha meM vastra-pAtra Adi jarUrI sAdhanoM kA prabandha karanA Adi kArya isa adhikArI ke supurda rahate the. isa padadhara ko gaccharAjya kA mantrI kaha sakate haiM. 13. sthavira sthavira padadhara gaccha kA nyAyAdhIza thA, gaccha ke bhItarI tamAma jhagar3oM ke phaisale isI adhikArI ke dvArA kiye jAte the. gaccha ke sarvocca zAsaka AcArya taka ko isake phaisale maMjUra karane par3ate the. saMghasthavira kI sabhA meM bhI yahI sthavira gacchAcArya kA pratinidhi banakara bahudhA jAyA karatA thA. jo sAdhu nyAyazIla hone ke uparAnta daNDavidhAna ( cheda) sUtroM kA acchA abhyAsI hotA usI ko yaha 'sthavira' pada diyA jAtA thA. 14. gagAvacchedakagaNAvacchedaka kA kArya gaNa ke bhinna-bhinna kuloM aura zAkhAoM ke sambandhoM ko vyavasthita rakhanA gaNa ke sAdhuoM ko bhinna-bhinna Tukar3iyoM meM bAMTakara gItArthoM kI dekhabhAla meM vihAra karAnA, gItArthoM aura unake Azrita sAdhuoM kI badaliyAM karanA ityAdi kArya gaNAvacchedaka ke adhikAra meM rahate the. isa padastha ko hama gaNarAjya kA gRha maMtrI kaha sakate haiM. vyavasthA-paddhati- -zramaNa saMgha kI vyavasthA-paddhati kaisI hogI, isakA kucha AbhAsa to Upara dI huI paribhASAoM se hI ho jAtA hai, phira bhI adhika spaSTatA ke liye hama yahAM isa vyavasthA-paddhati kA kucha vivecana kareMge. jisa prakAra eka vizAla rASTra meM aneka 'deza' aura dezoM meM aneka 'prAnta' hote haiM usI prakAra hamAre jaina zramaNasaMgha meM aneka gaNa aura gaNoM meM aneka 'kula' hote the. Jain Education Samational winrary.org
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________________ kalyANavijaya gaNi : jaina zramaNasaMgha kI zAsanapaddhati : 547 ++ jaise prAnta ke hAkima deza ke hAkimoM ke aura deza ke hAkima rASTrapati ke mAtahata hote haiM vaise hI kuloM ke sthavira gaNasthaviroM ke aura gaNoM ke sthavira saMghasthavira ke mAtahata hote the. kula-sthaviroM kA kAryapradeza saMkucita hotA thA isalie ve akele hI apane kula kI vyavasthA kara lete the, parantu gaNasthaviroM kA kAryapradeza bahuta vistRta thA. unheM apane-apane gaNoM kI vyavasthA to karanI par3atI hI thI, sAtha hI saMgha sthavira kI sabhA meM hAjira hokara athavA pratinidhi bhejakara saMgha ke kArya meM bhI bhAga lenA par3atA thA. isa vAste gaNasthavira apane gaNa kI vyavasthA ke liye eka vyavasthApikA sabhA sthApita karate the jo 'gaccha' kahalAtI thI. isake nimnalikhita pA~ca sabhAsada hote the : 1. AcArya-athavA pramukha. 2. upAdhyAya--athavA upapramukha. 3. pravartaka-athavA maMtrI. 4. sthavira-athavA nyAyAdhIza. 5. gaNAvacchedaka-athavA gRhamaMtrI. gaNa-sabhA athavA gaccha ke ina pAMca adhikAriyoM ke jimme kyA-kyA kArya hote the isakA nirdeza paribhASA prakaraNa meM kara diyA gayA hai. gaNoM kA pArasparika sambandha-sabhI gaNa 'saMgha' ke 'pratinidhi' hote the yaha bAta pahale hI kahI jA cukI hai, para ina gaNoM kA pArasparika sambandha kaisA hotA thA, isa bAta kA abhI taka vicAra nahIM kiyA. jahAM taka hama jAnate haiM, mahAvIra ke sabhI zramaNagaNa Apasa meM eka dUsare se sambandhita the. vandana, bhojana, adhyayana, pratikramaNa, pratilekhanAdi sabhI prakAra ke nitya-naimittika-kriyA-vyavahAra eka dUsare ke sAtha hote the aura yaha rIti AThaveM saMghasthavira sthUlabhadra taka barAbara calatI rahI. para Arya sthUlabhadra ke ziSya AryamahAgiri aura AryasuhastI ke bIca bhikSAvidhi ke sambandha meM matabheda hokara eka bAra yaha ApasI sambandha TUTa gayA thA, aura taba se anya gaNoM meM bhI asAMbhogika rIti kA pracAra huA. usa samaya ke bAda samAna AcAra vicAra aura kriyA sAmAcArI vAle gaNa to eka dUsare ke sAtha bhojanAdi sAmAnya vyavahAra rakhate the. para jo gaNa samAcArI meM apane se bhinnatA rakhate unake sAtha dainika sAmAnya vyavahAra nahIM rakhate the. isa prakAra kA saMbhoga-bhojanAdi vyavahAra jina ke sAtha hotA, ve gaNa kula athavA sAdhu eka dUsare ke saMbhogika' kahalAte the ora zeSa 'asAMbhogika.' sAMbhogika gaNa ekatra milate taba eka parivAra kI taraha saba taraha se eka hokara rahate the. apane se bar3oM ko saba vandana karate the, eka maMDala meM baiThakara bhojana karate the aura sAtha hI paThana-pAThana tathA pratikramaNAdi kriyAeM karate the. para asAMbhogika gaNoM ke sAtha aisA nahIM hotA thA. asAMbhogika gaNoM ke ekatra milane para sAdhu eka dUsare ke gaNasthavira ko vandana mAtra karate the aura vaha bhI apane-apane AcAryoM ko pUchane ke bAda. hA~, asvastha sAdhu kI sevA karane ke sambandha meM yaha 'asAMbhogitA' kI bAr3a kisI ko roka nahIM sakatI thI. balki bImAra kI sevA ke viSaya meM to yahA~ taka niyama bane hue the ki bImAra sAdhu apane gaNa kA ho cAhe dusare gaNa kA usakI bImArI kI khabara milate hI vaiyAvRttya (sevA) karane vAle sAdhuoM ko usakI sevA bhakti karane ko jAnA par3atA thA. gaNoM ke prAntara niyama-gaNoM ke pArasparika sambandha kaise hote the, isakA saMkSipta paricaya Upara diyA gayA hai. aba hameM yaha dekhanA hai ki mANDalika-rAjyoM kI bhAMti eka dUsare se sambandhita ina gaNa-rAjyoM ke Antara niyama athavA saMdhi vidhAna kisa prakAra ke hote the. yoM to gaNoM ke bIca aneka choTI-moTI niyama-maryAdAeM pAlI jAtI thIM, para una sabakA isa lekha meM varNana karanA zakya nahIM hai. yahA~ to hama unhIM sthUla niyamoM kA ullekha kareMge jo pratyeka gaNa ko bar3I sAvadhAnI se pAlane par3ate the. aise niyamoM meM nimnalikhita cAra niyama mukhya the :
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________________ 548 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya 1. kSetrasvAmitva-maryAdA 2. sacittAdi parihAra 3. gaNAntaropasampadA 4. sAdharmyavaidharmya-nirvAha. 1-kSetrasvAmitva kA tAtparya yaha hai ki jisa kSetra meM jo kula athavA gaNa vicaratA, usa kSetra para usI kula athavA gaNa kA svAmitva mAnA jAtA thA. usa samaya usa kSetra meM kSetra-svAmI kI AjJA ke vinA dUsarA 'kula' athavA 'gaNa' nahIM raha sakatA thA. isa kSetra-svAmitva kI kAla maryAdA varSA kAla meM zrAvaNa se kArtika taka cAra mAsa kI aura zeSa kAla meM eka mAsa kI hotI thI. yadi isa kAla meM maryAdA ke uparAnta prathama kA 'kula' 'gaNa' usa kSetra meM raha jAtA to bhI usa kSetra para se usakA svAmitva haTa jAtA thA aura isa dazA meM vahA~ dUsarA kula gaNa Akara raha sakatA thA. tathA vahAM se utpanna hone vAle sacitta-acitta dravya kA hakadAra banatA thA. apane-apane kSetroM se vihAra kara zramaNa gaNa jahA~ jAte, ve kSetra yadi nirvAha yogya hote to vahA~ mAsa-mAsa taka Thaharate hue Age jAte the. kisI ke kSetra para apanA haka jamAne ke vAste athavA bar3A kSetra jAnakara vahA~ apanA svAmitva sthApita karane ke vicAra se yogya kSetroM ko ullaMghana kara Age jAne kA kisI ko bhI adhikAra nahIM thA. jisa gAMva yA nagara meM jo 'kula' yA 'gaNa' cAturmAsya rahanA cAhatA, vaha pahale vahAM ke mukhiyoM ko apanA vicAra kaha detA thA aura phira jahAM kahIM 'saMghasamavasaraNa' hotA vahAM bhI vaha apanA vicAra prakaTa kara detA thA ki 'hamane amuka kSetra meM cAturmAsya karane kA vicAra kiyA hai' aisA karane se dUsarA koI bhI kula gaNa yA saMghADA vahA~ cAturmAsya karane ko nahIM jAtA thA. yadi kisI ko khabara na hone se jAtA bhI to vahAM ke gRhastha kaha dete the ki 'yahAM para amuka gaNa athavA kula cAturmAsya karane vAlA hai.' jina pratiSThA yAtrAdi nimitta, athavA saMgha sambandhI kArya ke nimitta jisa kSetra meM 'saMgha-samavasaraNa' hotA (saMgha ekatra hotA) vaha kSetra sAdhAraNa mAnA jAtA. jaba taka vahAM rahatA, taba taka usa kSetra para kisI bhI kula yA gaNa vizeSa kA svAmitva nahIM mAnA jAtA thA. 2-sacittAdi parihAra kA artha yaha hai ki jisa kSetra meM sacitta-dIkSA lene vAlA manuSya aura acitta-vastra pAtra Adi jo dravya utpanna hote usakA svAmI kSetra svAmI hotA thA. anya svAmi ke kSetra meM Ane vAlA koI bhI anya sAdhu vahAM utpanna hone vAle sacittAdi dravyoM kA adhikArI nahIM hotA thA. jisake upadeza se jo manuSya samyaktva (jaina darzana) prApta karatA, vaha yadi tIna varSa ke bhItara sAdhu honA cAhatA to apane prAthamikopadezaka guru kA hI ziSya ho sakatA thA. isI prakAra koI sAdhu utpravajita ho gRhasthAzrama meM jAkara phira tIna varSa ke andara sAdhu honA cAhatA to apane pahale guru ke pAsa hI dIkSA le sakatA thA, parantu tIna varSa ke bAda uparyukta donoM prakAra ke puruSoM ke Upara se mUla guruoM kA adhikAra radda ho jAtA thA, aura vaha apanI icchA ke anusAra cAhe jisake pAsa dIkSA grahaNa kara sakatA thA. 3-gaNAntaropasaMpadA-kA artha hai dUsare gaNa kA svIkAra. sAmAnyatayA eka gaNa kA sAdhu dUsare gaNa meM jA nahIM sakatA thA, para yadi vaha jJAna, darzana, cAritra kI vizeSa ArAdhanA ke liye athavA tapasyA tathA vaiyAvRttya karane ke nimitta anyagaNa meM jAnA cAhatA to pahale apane gaNa ke AcArya kI AjJA prApta karatA aura phira abhipreta gaNa ke AcArya ke pAsa jAkara apane ko gaNa meM lene ke lie unase prArthanA karatA. Agantuka sAdhu kI prArthanA sunane ke bAda gaNa-sthavira isa bAta kI jAMca karate ki Agantuka zramaNa vAstava meM apane guru kI AjJA prApta karake AyA hai yA nahIM aura jisa kAraNa se vaha apanA Agamana batAtA hai vaha kAraNa bhI vAstavika hai yA nahIM ? yadi ina bAtoM kI parIkSA se gaNasthavira ko saMtoSa mila jAtA to ve Agantuka sAdhu ko upasaMpadA dekara apane gaNa meM dAkhila kara lete the. S Jain E dasary.org
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________________ kalyANavijaya garisa : jaina zramaNasaMgha kI zAsanapaddhati : 546 pahale ke kula, gaNoM kA sambandha vicchedakaraNa pUrvaka Agantuka sAdhu isa prakAra kI pratijJA karatA--'Aja se ye kula-gaNa mere hI kula gaNa haiM aura ina kula gaNa ke AcArya upAdhyAya hI mere AcArya upAdhyAya haiM.' upasaMpadyamAna mAdhu kI ukta pratijJA ko hI 'upasaMpadA' kahate the. isa upasaMpadA kI kAla-maryAdA jaghanya, madhyama aura utkRSTa bheda se kramazaH chaha mAsa bAraha varSa aura jIvana paryanta kI hotI thI. jaghanya aura madhyama kAla kI upasaMpadA vAle sAdhu miyAda pUrI hone para apane pahale guru ke pAsa cale jAte the, para utkRSTa kAlIna upasaMpadA vAle zramaNa jIvana paryanta usI kula gaNa meM rahate the. gaNAntaropasaMpadA lene ke bAda usa sAdhu ko apane pahale guru aura gaNa kI sAmAcArI kA tyAga aura naye gaNa kI sAmAcArI kA pAlana karanA par3atA thA. upasaMpadA ke viSaya meM kaI apavAda bhI rahate the. yadi koI gaNa bilkula zithilAcAra meM phaMsa jAtA aura AcArya usakA uddhAra nahIM karatA athavA AcArya svayaM hI zithilabihArI ho jAtA to usa gaNa ke jo saMyamArthI sAdhu hote, ve usa gaNa aura guru kA sambandha chor3akara dUsare cAritradhArI gaNa meM cale jAte the aura isa prakAra zithilamArga ko chor3akara Ane vAle AtmArthI sAdhuoM ko unake mUla guru kI AjJA ke bagaira bhI upasaMpadA de dI jAtI thI. 4-sAdharmya vaidharmya nirvAha kA matalaba sAMbhogika aura asAMbhogika sAdhuoM kI pArasparika rItiyoM se haiM. apane kSetra meM sAMbhogika gaNa ke sAdhuoM ke Ane para unake prati tIna dina taka Atithya vyavahAra kiyA jAtA thA, Agantuka sAdhuoM ke liye tIna dina taka bhikSA vagairaha kSetrI (sthAnika) sAdhu lAte the. yadi Agantuka gaNa bar3A hotA aura sthAnika samudAya choTA hotA athavA aisA koI kAraNa hotA ki jisase sarva kArya karanA sthAnika sAdhuoM ke liye kaThina ho jAtA to Agantuka gaNa meM jo yuvA aura samartha sAdhu hote unakI bhI thor3I madada lI jAtI thI, para bAla aura vRddha sAdhuoM se to tIna dina taka kucha bhI mehanata kA kAma nahIM liyA jAtA thA. isI prakAra asAMbhogika gaNa ke apane kSetra meM Ane para bhikSAcaryA meM unake sAtha jAnA, unako sthApanA-kula vagairaha kA paricaya denA, Adi Avazyaka vyavahAra kA nirvAha karanA par3atA thA. sAMbhogika gaNoM meM to eka sAmAcArI hone se sAmAcArI-bheda sambandhI prazna upasthita hI nahIM hote the, para asAMbhogika gaNoM kI sAmAcArI ke sambandha meM kabhI-kabhI carcA calatI bhI thI to usa para samabhAva se vicAra kiyA jAtA thA aura jisa viSaya meM jisa gaNa athavA kula kA jo mantavya hotA usakA usI rUpa meM nirdeza karake ziSyoM ko samajhAyA jAtA ki 'isa viSaya meM amuka kula athavA gaNa vAle aisA mAnate haiM' athavA 'isa sambandha meM amuka 'AcArya kA yaha mata hai.' vyavahArachedana--'vyavahAra' kA artha hai 'mukaddamA' aura 'chedana' kA tAtparya hai phaisalA'. zramaNagaNoM meM do prakAra ke vyavahAra hote the-'prAyazcittavyavahAra' aura 'AbhavadvyavahAra.' sAdhu loga apane mAnasika, vAcika aura kAyika aparAdhoM ke badale jo AcArya dvArA sajA (daNDa) pAte the usakA nAma 'prAyazcitta-vyavahAra' hai. isa vyavahAra ke mahAvIra ke samaya meM-1-AlocanA 2-pratikramaNa 3-mizra 4--viveka 5-utsarga 6-tapa 7-cheda 5-mUla 8-anavasthApya aura 10-pArAJcita aise dasa prakAra the, jo Arya bhadrabAhu paryanta calate rahe. bhadrabAhu ke svargavAsa ke bAda prAyazcitta kA 8 vAM aura 10vAM bheda banda kara diyA gayA aura taba se prAthamika 8 prAyazcittoM kA hI vyavahAra pracalita hai. 'AbhavadvyavahAra' kA artha hai 'hakadArI kA jhagar3A'. isa vyavahAra ke bhI aneka prakAra hote the jaise sacita vyavahAra, acita vyavahAra, mizra-vyavahAra, kSetra vyavahAra, ityAdi. uparyakta do prakAroM meM se pahalA vyavahAra to bahudhA apane-apane sthaviroM ke nikaTa hI calatA thA. kula ke sAdhu apaneapane kula ke sthavira se prAyazcitta lekara zuddhi kara liyA karate the, para cheda athavA mUla jaise mAmaloM kA phaisalA Jain Edt
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________________ 550 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya bahudhA 'gaNasthavira' dete the. athavA 'kulasthaviroM' ke ina viSayoM meM die hue phaisaloM kI apIla sunate the. yadi gaNasthavira ko kulasthavira ke kArya meM pakSapAta athavA rAgadveSa najara AtA to turanta ve usako radda kara dete the. gaNasthaviroM ke isa vyavahAraviSayaka phaisaloM kI apIla saMghasthavira nahIM sunatA thA, kAraNa ki prAyazcitta-vyavahAra gaNoM kA bhItarI kArya mAnA jAtA thA. saMghasthavira kisI bhI gaNa ke kisI bhI prakAra ke bhItarI kArya meM taba taka dakhala nahIM detA thA, jaba taka ki vaisA karane ke lie gaNa kI tarapha se use arja nahIM kI jAtI. 'AbhavadvyavahAra' kA kAnUna isase kucha bhinna thA. isa vyavahAra ke liye kula, gaNa aura saMgha nAmaka kramazaH pahale, dUsare aura tIsare darje ke nyAyAlaya the. eka hI kula ke do saMghAr3oM ke bIca yadi hakadArI sambandhI kucha vyavahAra upasthita hotA to kula sthavira kI tarapha se usakA nipaTArA kiyA jAtA thA aura eka gaNa kI do zAkhA yA do kuloM ke bIca kucha vyavahAra khar3A hotA to gaNasthavira usakA phaisalA detA thA. isI prakAra do gaNoM ke bIca vyavahAra upasthita hone para kisI tIsare gaNasthavira ke dvArA usakA nirNaya karAyA jAtA thA, para madhyastha gaNasthavira yadi madhyasthatA khokara kisI eka pakSa kI tarapha jhuka jAtA to nyAyArthI saMghasamavAya' karane ke vAste 'saMghapradhAna' ko arja karatA aura saMghapradhAna saMghasamavAya sambandhI udghoSaNA karatA. saMghasamavAya hone sambandhI udghoSaNA sunakara saba saMghapratinidhi niyata sthAna aura samaya para jAte aura saMghasthavira bhI vahAM jAtA aura upasthita vyavahAra kI sunavAI meM laga jAtA. pahale vaha sabhA meM baiThakara madhyastha gaNasthavira kI kAryavAhI sunatA. vahA~ madhyastha sthavira pakSapAta se zAstra-viruddha bhASaNa karatA to vahAM use anyokti se TokatA. yadi vaha sthavira apanI bhUla ko kabUla kara letA taba to use mAphI dI jAtI thI, para yadi vaha apanA Agraha nahIM chor3atA athavA vaha aisA aparAdha karatA jo kSamA yogya nahIM hotA to usakI dIkSA kATa dI jAtI aura upasthita vyavahAra kA phaisalA saMghasthavira detA jo sarva saMgha ko maMjUra karanA par3atA thA. yadi vyavahAracchedana ke liye ekatra mile hue saMghasamavAya meM kisI kAraNavaza prativAdI hAjira nahIM hotA to use saMgha kI tarapha se bulAvA bhejA jAtA, pahale aura dUsare bulAve para yadi vaha A jAtA taba to ThIka, nahIM to tIsarI bAra gaNAvacchedaka use bulAne ke liye jAtA. prativAdI ke pAsa jAne para yadi gaNAvacchedaka samajhatA ki prativAdI bhaya kA mArA nahIM AtA hai to use samajhAtA'Arya' saMgha pAriNAmika buddhi kA dhanI hai, usako na kisI kA rAga hai, na dveSa. jhagar3e kI asaliyata samajhane ke bAda vivAdApanna vastu para kisa kA haka hai so saMgha apane nirNaya meM batAyegA. yadi prativAdI auddhatya athavA zaThatA ke kAraNa saMghasammelana meM Ane se inkAra karatA to vaha saMgha se bAhara kara diyA jAtA thA, parantu prativAdI agara apanI bhUla athavA zaThatA ke badale meM pazcAttApa prakaTa karatA huA saMgha se mAphI mAMgatA hA AjIjI karatA to phira bhI saMgha usako mApha karake saMgha meM dAkhila kara letA aura taba vaha prativAdI saMgha se kahatA-'saMgha sarva prANiyoM kA vizvAsasthAna hai. bhaya-bhItoM ke liye saMgha hI AzvAsana dene vAlA hai. saMgha mAtApitA tulya hone se kisI para viSamatA nahIM karatA. saMgha kI saba ke Upara samadRSTi hai. saMgha saba ke line apanA parAyA jaisI koI cIja nahIM hai. saMgha kisI kA pakSapAta nahIM karatA.' isa prakAra saMgha ke nyAya aura tATasthya para prativAdI ke zraddhA prakaTa karane para saMgha usa jhagar3e kA phaisalA detA thA. saMgha kA phaisalA AkhirI hotA thA. usakI kahIM bhI apIla nahIM ho sakatI thI. upasaMhAra-zramaNasaMgha kI zAsana-paddhati kA itihAsa bahuta lambA hai. isakA sampUrNa nirUpaNa eka lekha meM kyA, eka grantha meM bhI kiyA jAnA azakya hai. phira bhI isakI maulika bAtoM kA digdarzana hamane isa lekha meM karA diyA hai. pAThaka gaNa dekheMge ki hamAre prAcIna zramaNasaMgha kI zAsanavyavasthA kA itihAsa kaisA manoraMjaka aura anukaraNIya hai. AzA hai, hamArA Adhunika 'zramaNasaMgha' apane pUrvAcAryoM kI isa vyavasthita zAsana-paddhati kA anusaraNa karake apanI vartamAna zAsanapraNAlI ko vyavasthita banAyegA.
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________________ sAdhvI zrIumarAvakuMvarajI jaina-saMskRti meM samAjavAda 'saMskRta' zabda se vyutpanna, 'sam' upasargapUrvaka 'kR' dhAtu se nirmita zabda 'saMskRti' kA artha hai-'saMskAra-pariSkAra' ataH saMskAroM kA samuccaya hI 'saMskRti' hai. 'saMskRti' isa choTe se zabda ke artha-kalevara meM kisI jAti athavA rASTravizeSa kI samasta AdhyAtmika-Adhibhautika siddhiyAM evaM tadjanya AsthA-vizvAsa, sAdhanA-bhAvanA, ArAdhanA-kAmanA samAhita haiM. prakRtivijaya ke nimitta uThe mAnava-jAti ke jaya-ketu ke madhya meM aMkita rahane vAlA zabda 'saMskRti' hI hai, jo kisI rASTra kI mUla cetanA, dharma-darzana, tattvaciMtana, evaM laukika-pAralaukika eSaNAoM ko apanI nijI vizeSatAoMmAnyatAoM ke sAtha udghoSita karatA hai jisase usakI apanI svataMtra sattA sthira hotI hai. calate loga sabhyatA aura saMskRti meM vizeSa antara nahIM karate kiMtu donoM meM bar3A antara hai-- ThIka vaisA hI jaisA ki 'ikAI' aura 'samagratA' meM. yadi sabhyatA saMcita jala-rAzi hai to saMskRti usa para taraMgAyita vIci-vilAsa kI preraka zakti. 'locana maga rAmahiM ura AnI, dInheM palaka kapATa sayAnI.' isa siddha kavi tulasI kI isa amRta-vANI meM mAtA, hai sItA va rAma kI jisa puNya-chavi ko mana-mandira meM pratiSThita kara palaka-kapATa mUMda letI hai vaha 'saMskRti' evaM 'sabhyatA' hai. rAma kA vaha daihika rUpa jo usakI muMdI palakoM ke sammukha zeSa raha jAtA hai. vastutaH 'sabhyatA' madhu-makkhI kA chatA hai to saMskRti usameM nihita madhu. sabhyatA vRntAdhArita kaMTakamaya sadala puSpa hai to saMskRti kevala saurabhasuvAsa. sabhyatA-zarIra hai, saMskRti AtmA. sabhyatA jIne kA tarIkA-salIkA, AcAra-vyavahAra hai to saMskRti rUhAniyatajihAniyata-'zAzvata' citana-saccidAnanda samarpita zraddhAMjali. susaMskRta vyakti nizcita hI susabhya hogA kiMtu yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki sabhya vyakti susaMskRta hogA hI. 'saba prANI sukha cAhate haiM, dukha se bacanA cAhate haiM, jIne kI abhilASA rakhate haiM, koI kitanA hI duHkhI evaM santapta kyoM na ho, maranA nahIM cAhatA. mRtyu se hara prANI DaratA hai, duHkhI hotA hai. ata: kisI bhI prANI ko duHkha nahIM denA cAhie, kaSTa nahIM denA cAhie, santApa nahIM denA cAhie, kisI bhI prANI ko gulAma nahIM banAnA cAhie aura na kisI prANI kA vadha karanA cAhie. 'jaina-saMskRti apane sukha ke sAtha dUsare kI sukha-zAnti evaM hita ke adhikAra ko surakSita rakhane kI bAta kahatI hai. usa kA yaha vajraghoSa rahA hai : 'sukha se raho aura sukha se rahane do.' vastutaH jaina saMskRti apane sukha ko, apane hita ko, apane svArtha ko aura apanI AkAMkSAoM ko vistRta banAne kI, use vizva-sukha, vizva-zAnti evaM vizva-hita meM pariNata karane kI saMskRti hai. yadi sahI artha meM dekhA jAe to jaina-saMskRti, vizva saMskRti yA mAnava-saMskRti kA hI dUsarA nAma hai. kyoMki, isameM pratyeka mAnava kA hita evaM vikAsa nihita hai. vizva meM Aja samAjavAda, sAmyavAda aura sarvodayavAda kI vizeSa carcA hai. kyoMki sAmantazAhI evaM pUMjIvAdI utpIr3ana Jain Education Rate & Person Entainelibrary.org
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________________ 152 muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya evaM zoSaNa ko samApta karane ke liye ina kA udaya huA hai. ye saba vAda vyakti ke hita kI apekSA samAja evaM rASTra ke hita ko pramukhatA dete haiM. amIra-garIba, choTe-bar3e, UMca-nIca, svAmI-sevaka Adi ke bhedoM ko tathA deza meM calane vAle zoSaNa ko samUlata: naSTa karanA cAhate haiM. ina kA mUla dRSTikoNa yahI hai ki deza ke saba vyaktiyoM ko jIvana-vikAsa ke liye samAna sAdhana mileM, saba ko sukha-zAnti se rahane kA avasara mile, khAne ke liye paryApta bhojana aura pahanane ke liye vastra mileM. deza meM na koI bhUkhA-naMgA rahe, na koI abhAvagrasta ho. kisI prakAra kI utpIr3A na ho, pIDAkArI na ho. koi pIr3ita na ho. deza meM aisI sthiti na rahe ki eka ora dhana ke ambAra lage hoM, sampatti ke pahAr3a khar3e hoM aura dUsarI ora abhAvoM kA naMgA nAca ho. eka varga kA hita aura sukha dUsare varga kA virodhI na ho. vargasaMgharSa kA AdhAra dhvasta ho jAya aura mAnavajAti pArasparika sahayoga se pragati kI ora prayANa kare. jaina-saMskRti ke liye yaha svara nayA nahIM hai. yadi hama sudUra itihAsa kI saraNiyAM na bhI doharAyeM to bhI jaina-saMskRti kA paccIsa sau varSa kA itihAsa hamAre sAmane hai. usa kA avalokana karane se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki jaina-saMskRti mAnava-mAnava ke bIca bheda kI dIvAra ko kataI nahIM mAnatI. vaha pratyeka mAnava ko, bhale hI vaha kisI deza, raMga, liMga, prAnta, varga, va jAti kA kyoM na ho, mAnavatA ke nAte, samAna mAnatI hai.' vaha jAtipUjA meM nahIM, guNapUjA meM vizvAsa karatI hai aura guNoM ke AdhAra para hI uccatva-nIcatva ko svIkAra karatI hai !2 usake anusAra saba ko samAna prAtma-vikAsa karane kA adhikAra hai ataH kisI vyakti kA apamAna-tiraskAra karanA, use vikAsa karane kA avasara nahIM denA, usakA hI nahIM, balki apanA evaM samasta mAnava-jAti kA tathA paramAtmA kA apamAna karanA hai. jaina-saMskRti niHzreyas kI preraka hai. usakI paridhi mAnava taka hI nahIM, prANI mAtra taka vistRta hai. vaha prANI-mAtra kA udaya-hita aura kalyANa cAhatI hai. usakI dRSTi meM vizva ke, sabhI prANI samAna haiM. ataH pratyeka manuSya kA kartavya hai ki unheM svataMtratA-pUrvaka jIne de, svatantratA se apanA vikAsa karane de. jaina-saMskRti aura sAmyavAda :- sAmyavAda ke siddhAMta jaina-saMskRti se bahuta kucha milate hue haiM. sAmyavAda samAja meM cala rahe zoSaNa, utpIr3ana evaM varga bheda ko samApta karake rASTra ke saba vyaktiyoM kA vikAsa karanA cAhatA hai. vaha manuSya-manuSya ke bIca jAtIya bheda kI dIvAra svIkAra nahIM karatA. Arthika vaiSamya ko sahana nahIM karatA. jaina-saMskRti bhI isa mantavya ko svIkAra karatI hai. phira bhI jaina-saMskRti aura sAmyavAda meM maulika saiddhAntika evaM kArya paddhati saMbandhI antara hai. sAmyavAda bhautikavAda para AdhArita hai. vaha AtmA arthAt vyakti kI sarvathA upekSA karatA hai, ekAntata: samAja kI sattA svIkAra karatA hai. vaha zastra kI tAkata ko hI sarvopari mAnatA hai ataH talavAra kI dhAra se yA bama kI viSAkta mAra se samAnatA lAnA cAhatA hai. vaha vargabheda ko samApta karane ke liye pAzavika bala kA prayoga karane ke pakSa meM hai. parantu jaina-saMskRti isa kA samarthana nahIM karatI. usakA mUla AdhAra bhautikavAda nahIM, adhyAtmavAda hai. vaha vyakti aura samAja ke adhikAroM meM sAmaMjasya sthApita karatI hai, Atmika zakti ko sarvopari mAnatI hai. ataH vaha svecchAtyAga kI udAtta bhAvanA ke dvArA vibheda kI dIvAroM ko girAnA cAhatI hai, vaha ahiMsA, prema, sneha, kSamA, sahiSNutA, tapa aura tyAga dvArA mAnava jIvana meM sAmya kI sarasa, zItala evaM madhura saritA bahAnA cAhatI hai. isa prakAra jaina-saMskRti hiMsA meM nahIM, prema meM vizvAsa rakhatI hai. pazubala meM nahIM, Atmabala meM vizvAsa rakhatI hai. aura prema-sneha evaM tyAga ke dvArA sthApita kI gaI samAnatA ko sthAyI mAnatI hai. jaina-saMskRti aura sarvodaya :-Adhunika yuga meM sarvaprathama gAMdhIjI dvArA prayukta sarvodaya zabda bhAratavarSa ke liye nUtana nahIM, 1. manuSyajAtirekaiva jAtikarmodayodbhavA-AcArya jinasena. 2. sakkhaM khu dosai tavoviseso, na dIsai jAivisesa koi.---uttarAdhyayana. Jain bucation Internationa) Line Liainelibrary.org
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________________ sAdhvI umarAva kuMvara : jaina-saMskRti meM samAjavAda: 553 cirapurAtana hai. jaina paramparA ke yugapravartaka pratibhAzAlI AcArya samantabhadra ne aba se lagabhaga pandraha sau zatAbdI pUrva isa zabda kA prayoga kiyA thA : 'sarvopadAmantakaraM durantaM sarvodaya tIrthamidaM tvadIyam'. yahAM AcArya ne jina-tIrtha ko 'sarvodayatIrtha' kaha kara use hI samasta vipattiyoM kA anta karane vAlA batalAyA hai. kintu Adhunika yuga meM sarvaprathama gAMdhIjI ne isa zabda kA prayoga kiyA. unhoMne pAzcAtya vicAraka raskina kI 'ena TU disa lAsTa' pustaka kA 'sarvodaya' nAma se anuvAda kiyA.. sarvodaya zabda 'sarva' aura 'udaya' do zabdoM ke saMyoga se banA hai. isakA artha hotA hai-saba kA udaya. AcArya samantabhadra ne aura gAMdhIjI ne bhI isI artha meM isa kA prayoga kiyA thA aura isakA AdhAra ahiMsA, prema, tyAga evaM sahiSNutA ko mAnA thA. Aja to sarvodayasamAja kA bhI nirmANa ho gayA hai. usakA kahanA hai ki vizva do vargoM meM vibhakta hai-ucca varga aura nimna varga, yA amIra aura garIba. Aja sukha-sAdhanoM evaM sampatti ke sabhI srotoM para prathama varga kA adhikAra hai. isa se. usa ke jIvana meM ahaMkAra, nirdayatA, zoSaNa evaM vilAsitA Adi manovikAroM kI bAr3ha-sI A gaI hai. vikAroM ke Dhera ke nIce usa kI AtmA daba gaI hai aura usa kI mAnavatA ko amAnavIya evaM rAkSasI manovRttiyoM ne AvRta kara diyA hai. ataH vaha patana kI ora phisalatA jA rahA hai aura dvitIya varga kI dayanIya dazA to saba ke sAmane spaSTa hI hai. isa vaiSamya kI sthiti meM saccI zAnti kI saMsthApanA saMbhava nahIM hai. isalie sarvodaya samAja cAhatA hai ki dhanika varga kA bhI udaya ho aura nirdhana varga kA bhI. dhana vaibhava ke gurutara bojha ke nIce dabI huI pUMjIpati kI antarAtmA meM mAnavIya bhAvanA kA udaya ho, vaha vikAroM se Upara uTha kara dUsare varga ke hita ko bhI soce-samajhe aura mAnavajAti ke hita ko akhaMDa mAnakara usa ke liye kArya kare. pratyeka mAnava viveka pUrvaka kArya kare, jisa se saba kA hita ho, kisI ke svArtha ko AghAta na lage. koI kisI kA aniSTa karane kI bhAvanA na rakhe aura na aisA kadama uThAe jisase dUsare vyakti ke sukha meM bAdhA utpanna ho. kadAcit saMgharSa kI sthiti AjAya to use hiMsAtmaka rUpa na dekara prema-sneha evaM maMtrI bhAvanA ko kAyama rakhate hue dUra kiyA jAe. jaina-saMskRti bhI isa vicAra ko svIkAra karatI hai. donoM kI vicAradhArA meM bahuta-kucha samAnatA hone para bhI kucha mahattvapUrNa antara hai. pAzcAtya vicAraka mAnate haiM : The greatest good for greatest number. isake anusAra adhika logoM kA adhikatama lAbha hI unakA Adarza hai. sarvodaya vicAradhArA isase eka Daga Age bar3hatI hai aura mAnatI hai ki mAnava mAtra kA udaya ho, mAnava mAtra kA hita ho, mAnava mAtra kA unnayana ho, mAnava mAtra ko samAna sukha-sAdhana upalabdha hoM aura saba ko samAna rUpa se vikasita hone kA avasara mile. parantu jaina-saMskRti kA siddhAnta isase bhI aneka kadama Age hai. jaina vicAraka kevala mAnava kA hI nahIM, pratyuta prANImAtra kA udaya cAhate haiM. jaina-saMskRti kI yaha mAnyatA hai ki vizva kA pratyeka prANI svatantra hai aura sukha kI abhilASA rakhatA hai. ataH kisI bhI prANI ke sukha meM, vikAsa meM bAdhA upasthita na kI jAe. jaina-saMskRti kI dRSTi meM manuSya hI saba kucha nahIM hai. usake atirikta anya asaMkhya prakAra ke jo prANI vizva meM haiM, ve bhI hamAre hI bRhat parivAra ke sadasya haiM. unakI upekSA nahIM kI jA sakatI. unake adhikAroM ko bhI svIkAra kiyA jAnA cAhie. isake vinA sampUrNa nyAya evaM bandhutA kI pratiSThA saMbhava nahIM hai. jaba taka manuSya, manuSyetara prANiyoM ke prati bandhubhAva sthApita nahIM karegA aura unakA utpIr3ana karatA rahegA taba taka manuSya-manuSya ke bIca bhI utpIr3ana cAlU rahegA. vastutaH bhagavAn mahAvIra kA zAsana 'sarvodaya-zAsana' hai. una ke zAsana meM kisI eka ke udaya kA nahIM, pratyuta saba ke abhyudaya kA, saba ke niHzreyas kA pUrA khayAla rakhA gayA hai. usameM nArI-puruSa, amIra-garIba, bAlaka-vRddha, kIr3I-kuMjara Adi kisI ke bhI prati pakSapAta nahIM hai. AtmavikAsa kI dRSTi se duniyA kI samasta AtmAeM eka samAna Jain ducido Nw.ary.org VV/
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________________ 554 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya haiM aura saba apane Apa meM svatantra evaM ananta zakti se sampanna haiM. ata: saba ke samAna adhikAra haiM aura saba ko pragati karane kA avasara milanA cAhie. jaina-saMskRti meM yuga-yugAntara se sarvodaya kA mahattva rahA hai. sampatti evaM sukhasAdhanoM ke vitaraNa ke liye bhI jaina vicArakoM ne saMgraha buddhi kI bhAvanA ko pApa kahA hai. bhagavAn mahAvIra kA yaha vajraghoSa rahA hai-'asaMvibhAgI na hu tassa mokkho' jo vyakti apane sAdhanoM kA saMvibhAga nahIM karatA, vaha mukti kA adhikArI nahIM ho sakatA. isa kA spaSTa artha yaha hai ki jo apane sukha evaM hita ke sAtha prANI-mAtra ke hita aura sukha kA khayAla rakhatA hai aura unheM Age bar3hane meM sahayoga detA hai, vahI mukti pA sakatA hai. yatra-tatra-sarvatra se sameTa-sameTa kara apane bhaMDAra bharane vAlA tathA samasta sukha-sAdhanoM para apanA ekAdhipatya rakhane kA icchuka mukti nahIM pA sakatA. mukti lene meM nahIM, dene meM hai. jo apane sukha ko prANI-mAtra ke sukha meM pariNata kara detA hai aura apane 'aham' ko sAre vizva meM phailA detA hai, vahI pUrNa sukha pA sakatA hai aura usI ko zAzvata evaM akhaNDa zAnti kA lAbha hotA hai. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ DA. harIndrabhUSaNa jaina ema0 e0, pI-eca0 DI, sAhityAcArya prAcIna bhArata kI jaina zikSaNa paddhati bhArata meM prAcIna kAla se hI jJAna kI atizaya pratiSThA rahI hai. vyaktitva ke vikAsa kI dizA meM jJAna ko sadaiva sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa mAnA gayA hai. mAnava-jIvana kI saphalatA, manuSya ke jJAna kI mAtrA para hI avalambita hotI hai. zatapatha brAhmaNa meM jJAna kI pratiSThA ko pramANita karate hue kahA gayA hai ki 'svAdhyAya aura pravacana se manuSya kA citta ekAgra ho jAtA hai, vaha svatantra bana jAtA hai, use nitya dhana prApta hotA hai, vaha sukha se sotA hai, usakA indriyoM para saMyama hotA hai. usakI prajJA bar3ha jAtI hai aura use yaza milatA hai.' jainAgamoM meM bhI jJAna kI mahimA svIkAra kI gaI hai. uttarAdhyayana meM nimnalikhita saMvAda se jJAna ke mahattva para prakAza par3atA hai. ziSya ne pUchA : 'he pUjya ! jJAnasaMpannatA se jIva ko kyA lAbha hotA hai ?' guru ne uttara diyA : 'he bhadra ! jJAnasampanna jIva samasta padArthoM kA yathArthabhAva jAna sakatA hai. yathArthabhAva jAnane vAle jIva ko caturgatimaya isa saMsAra rUpI aTavI meM kabhI duHkhI nahIM honA par3atA. jaise dhAgevAlI sUI khotI nahIM hai. usI prakAra jJAnI jIva saMsAra meM pathabhraSTa nahIM hotA aura jJAna, darzana, cAritra, tapa tathA vinaya ke yoga ko prApta hotA hai tathA svaparadarzana ko barAbara jAnakara asatyamArga meM nahIM phaMsatA'. jJAna kI isa mahattvapUrNa sthiti ke bAda yaha Avazyaka thA ki jJAna sarvasAdhAraNa ko sulabha ho. isake liye bhArata meM prAcIna kAla se hI zikSaNa-paddhati para vizeSa dhyAna diyA gayA hai. vaidika, bauddha aura jaina-tInoM saMskRtiyoM meM zikSaNa kI apanI vizeSa paramparAe~ rahI haiM. Ajakala ke vidvAnoM ne bhI vaidika aura bauddha zikSaNa-paddhatiyoM ke viSaya meM paryApta likhA hai. jaina zikSaNa-paddhati ke viSaya meM hameM jaina-AgamoM meM yatra-tatra aneka ullekha prApta hote haiM. jaina-zikSaNa-paddhati se saMbaMdhita ina ullekhoM ko ekatrita karane para aisA pratIta hotA hai ki niHsaMdeha bhAratavarSa meM prAcInakAla meM eka atyanta suvyavasthita jaina zikSaNa-paddhati thI... jaina tathA bauddha zikSaNa-paddhatiyoM meM prAyaH sAmya hai. isakA pradhAna kAraNa yaha hai ki donoM dharmoM meM jJAna kA prasAra karane kA zreya una muniyoM athavA bhikSuoM ko hai jo ki gRhastha-Azrama se dUra rahakara apanA samasta jIvana jJAna ke dAna aura AdAna meM hI vyatIta kiyA karate the, bauddha tathA jainadharma ina donoM dharmoM ke dhArmika vicAroM kI nikaTatA bhI donoM zikSaNa-paddhatiyoM kI samAnatA kA eka anya kAraNa ho sakatI hai. aba hama tulanAtmaka rIti se prAcIna bhArata kI janazikSaNa-paddhati para vicAra karate haiM. zikSA kA uddezya-prAcIna bhArata meM zikSA kA uddezya sadAcAra kI vRddhi, vyaktitva kA vikAsa, prAcIna saMskRti kI rakSA tathA sAmAjika evaM dhArmika kartavyoM kI zikSA denA thA.' chAtra jIvana--brAhmaNa saMskRti ke anusAra bAlaka kA vidyArthI-jIvana, upanayana-saMskAra se prArambha hotA thA. aMgazAstra meM bhI upanayana (uvaNayaNa) saMskAra kA varNana hai. TIkAkAra abhayadeva ne upanayana kA artha 'kalAgrahaNa' kiyA 1. Education in Ancient India, by Altekar pR0 326. . .... .. ... ....... ...... . . ... . .. . Jain ................................. . ........................000D a ry.org
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________________ 156 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : tRtIya adhyAya hai. 'kalA' kA artha vidyA hai. vidyA grahaNa ke pUrva jo utsava manAyA jAtA thA use 'upanayana' kahA gayA hai.' upanayana ke bAda mAtA-pitA apane putra ko kalAcArya (vidyAguru) ke sAtha bheja dete the. prAyaH chAtra apane AcAryoM ke ghara para rahakara vidyAdhyayana kiyA karate the. kucha dhanI loga nagara meM bhI chAtroM ko bhojana tathA nivAsa dekara unake adhyayana meM sahAyaka hote the.2 chAtra tathA AcAryoM ke sambandha kabhI-kabhI vaivAhika saMbaMdhoM ke sundara rUpa meM bhI pariNata ho jAte the. avakAza ke samaya Azrama banda ho jAte the. akAla-meghoM ke A jAne para, garjana, bijalI kA camakanA, atyadhika varSA, koharA, dhUla ke tUphAna, candra-sUrya-grahaNa Adi ke samaya prAyaH avakAza ho jAyA karatA thA. do senAoM athavA do nagaroM meM Apasa meM yuddha dvArA nagara kI zAnti bhaMga ho jAne para, mallayuddha ke samaya tathA sammAnya netA kI mRtyu ho jAne para bhI adhyayana banda kara diyA jAtA thA. kabhI-kabhI billI dvArA cuhe kA mArA jAnA, rAste meM aNDe kA mila jAnA, jisa jagaha Azrama hai usa muhalle meM bacce kA janma honA Adi kAraNoM se bhI vidyAdhyayana kA kArya banda kara diyA jAtA thA. adhyayana-kAla-vaidika yuga meM brahmacaryAzrama kA prArambha 12 varSa kI avasthA meM hotA thA. 12 varSa kI avasthA se lekara jaba taka vedoM kA adhyayana calatA rahatA thA taba taka vidyArthI par3hate rahate the. bauddha saMskRti meM bhI koI gRhastha apane kuTumba kA parityAga karake (kisI bhI avasthA kA hone para bhI) buddhasaMgha aura buddha kI zaraNa meM jAkara vidyAdhyayana meM laga sakatA thA. zAstra ke anusAra bAlaka kA adhyayana kucha adhika ATha varSa se prArambha hotA thA aura jaba taka vaha kalAcArya ke nikaTa sampUrNa 72 kalAoM kA athavA kucha kalAoM kA adhyayana nahIM kara letA thA taba taka adhyayana karatA rahatA thA.5 vidyA ke adhikArI-vaidika kAla meM jina vidyArthiyoM kI abhiruci adhyayana ke prati hotI thI, AcArya prAyaH unhIM ko apanAte the. jina vidyArthiyoM kI pratibhA, jJAna prApta karane meM asamartha hotI thI unheM phAla aura hala yA tAne-bAne ke kAma meM laganA par3atA thA. jainAcAryoM ne vidyArthI kI yogyatA ke liye usakA AcArya-kula meM rahanA, utsAhI, vidyApremI, madhurabhASI tathA zubhakarmA honA Avazyaka batalAyA hai. AjJA ullaMghana karane vAle, gurujanoM ke hRdaya se dUra rahane vAle, zatru kI taraha virodhI tathA vivekahIna ziSya ko 'avinIta' kahA gayA hai. isake viparIta jo ziSya guru kI AjJA pAlana karane vAlA hai, guru ke nikaTa rahatA (antevAsI) hai, tathA apane guru ke iMgita-manobhAva tathA AkAra kA jAnakAra hai use 'vinIta' kahA gayA hai.6 ziSya ke liye vAcAla, durAcArI, krodhI, haMsI-majAka karane vAlA, kaThora vacana bolane vAlA, vinA soce uttara dene vAlA, pUchane para asatya uttara dene vAlA, gurujanoM se vaira karane vAlA nahIM honA cAhie.10 uttarAdhyayana meM ziSya ke 1. bhagavatI sUtra, 11, 11, 426 pR0 118-abhayadeva vRtti. 2. uttarAdhyayana TokA, 8, pR0 124. 3. vahI, 18, pR0 243. 4. vyavahArabhAdhya, 7. 281-316. 5. nAyAdhammakahAo,1,20.pR021. 6. chAndogya upaniSad , 6.1.2. 7. uttarAdhyayana, 11.14. 8. vahI, 8. vahI, 1.2. 10. vahI, 1.4,6,13, 14, 17. .. . wed SIONKEWA MAGEHol BEE SA vAcAvAtrAvAsAvaravANINENE Jain Edalom Tema For Private & Personal use only www.jalrenorary.org
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________________ DA. harIndrabhUSaNa jaina : prAcIna bhArata kI jaina zikSaNa-paddhati : 157 liye nimnaprakAra vidhAna batAyA gayA hai-"ziSya ko gurujanoM kI pITha ke pAsa athavA Age pIche nahIM baiThanA cAhie. use guru ke itane pAsa bhI nahIM baiThanA cAhie ki jisase apane pairoM kA unake pairoM se sparza ho. zayyA para leTe-leTe athavA apanI jagaha para baiThe-baiThe guru ko kabhI pratyuttara nahIM denA cAhie. gurujanoM ke samakSa paira para paira car3hA kara, athavA . ghuTane chAtI se lagAkara tathA paira phailAkara kabhI nahIM baiThanA cAhie. yadi AcArya bulAve to ziSya ko kabhI bhI mauna nahIM rahanA cAhie, pratyuta mumukSu evaM guru-kRpecchu ziSya ko tatkAla hI unake pAsa jAkara upasthita honA cAhie. guru ke Asana se jo Asana UMcA na ho tathA jo zabda na karatA ho, aise sthira Asana para ziSya ko baiThanA cAhie. AcArya kA kartavya hai ki aise vinayI ziSya ko sUtra aura unakA bhAvArtha usakI yogyatA ke anusAra samajhAve.' uttarAdhyayana meM guru tathA ziSya ke paraspara saMbaMdha para bhI prakAza DAlA gayA hai : 'jaise acchA ghor3A calAne meM sArathi ko Ananda AtA hai vaise catura sAdhaka ke liye vidyAdAna karane meM guru ko Ananda AtA hai. aura jisa taraha ar3iyala TaTTa ko calAte-calAte sArathi thaka jAtA hai vaise hI mUrkha ziSya ko zikSaNa dete-dete guru bhI hatotsAhita ho jAtA hai. pApadRSTi vAlA ziSya, kalyANakArI vidyA prApta karate hue bhI guru kI capatoM tathA bhartsanAoM ko vadha tathA Akroza (gAlI) mAnatA hai. suzIla ziSya to yaha samajhakara ki guru mujhako apanA putra, laghubhrAtA athavA svajana ke samAna mAnakara aisA kara rahe haiM. yaha guru kI zikSA (daNDa) ko apane liye kalyANakArI mAnatA hai. pApadRSTi rakhane vAlA ziSya usa dazA meM apane ko dAsa mAnakara du:khI hotA hai. kadAcit AcArya kruddha ho jAe~ to ziSya apane prema se unheM prasanna kare, hAtha jor3akara unakI vinaya kare tathA unako vizvAsa dilAve ki vaha bhaviSya meM vaisA aparAdha kabhI nahIM karegA.2 yogya chAtra vahI thA jo apane AcArya ke upadezoM para pUrNa dhyAna de, prazna kare, artha samajhe tathA tadanusAra AcaraNa karane kA bhI prayatna kare. yogya chAtra kabhI bhI guru kI AjJA kA ullaMghana nahIM karate the, guru se asadvyavahAra nahIM karate the aura jhUTha nahIM bolate the. ayogya vidyArthI bhI huA karate the. ve sadaiva guru se hastatAr3ana athavA pAda-tAr3ana (khaMDuyA, caper3A)prApta kiyA karate the. kabhI vetratAr3ana bhI prApta kiyA karate the tathA bar3e kaThora zabdoM se saMbodhita kie jAte the. ayogya vidyArthiyoM kI tulanA duSTa baloM se kI gaI hai. ve guru kI AjJA kA pAlana nahIM karate the. kabhI-kabhI guru aise chAtroM se thaka kara unheM chor3a bhI dete the. chAtroM kI tulanA parvata, ghar3A, cAlanI, channA, rAjahaMsa, bhaiMsa, meMDhA, macchara, joMka, billI, gAya, Dhola Adi padArthoM se kI gaI hai jo unakI yogyatA aura ayogyatA kI ora saMketa karate haiM.5 zadroM kA vidyAdhikAra-vaidika kAla meM Aryetara jAtiyoM dvArA, AryabhASA aura Arya-saMskRti meM niSNAta hokara vaidika zikSA para roka pradhAnataH smRtikAla meM lagI. unake lie sadA se hI purANoM ke adhyayana kI suvidhA thI. jAtaka-kAla meM aise aneka zUdra aura cANDAla ho cuke haiM jo uccakoTi ke dArzanika aura vicAraka the.6 suttanipAta ke anusAra mAtaMganAmaka cANDAla to itanA bar3A AcArya ho gayA ki usake yahAM adhyayana karane ke lie aneka uccavarNa ke loga AyA karate the. jana-saMskRti meM, cANDAloM taka kA dArzanika zikSA pAkara maharSi bananA sambhava thA. uttarAdhyayana meM harikezabala nAmaka 1. uttarAdhyayana, 1.18-23. 2. vahI, 1.37-41. 3. Azvayaka niyukti (22) 4. uttarAdhyayana. 27, 8, 13, 16. 5. Avazyaka niyukti, 136, Avazyaka cUrNi pR0121-125. bRhatkalpabhASya, pR0 334 . 6. satujAtaka, 377. ujara mETC NA TAX Jain EBENENENUNE ENNASONBRENANANENANENANanand
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________________ 158 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : tRtIya adhyAya cANDAla kI carcA AtI hai jo svayaM RSi bana gayA thA aura sabhI guNoM se alaMkRta huA. jainazAstroM meM yaha bAta spaSTa rUpa se kahI gaI hai ki varNa-vyavasthA janmagata nahIM, karmagata hai. 'karma se brAhmaNa hotA hai, karma se kSatriya hotA hai, karma se vaizya hotA hai aura karma se hI zUdra hotA hai.2 zrAcArya aura unakA vyaktitva-Rgvaidika AcArya, jisake divya pratIka agni aura indra haiM, tatkAlIna jJAna aura AdhyAtmika pragati kI dRSTi se samAja meM sarvocca vyakti the. AcArya vidyArthI ko jJAnamaya zarIra detA thA. vaha svayaM brahmacArI hotA thA aura apane brahmacarya kI utkatA ke bala para asaMkhya vidyArthiyoM ko AkarSita kara letA thA.' jaina AcAryoM para mahAvIra aura unake pUrvavartI tIrthaMkaroM kI chApa rahI hai. ve apanA jIvana aura zakti, mAnavatA ko satpatha dikhAne ke prayatna meM hI lagA dete the. AcArya ke Adarza vyaktitva kI, jaina-saMskRti meM, jo rUparekhA banI vaha isa prakAra thI : 'vaha satya ko nahIM chipAtA thA aura na usakA prativAda karatA thA. vaha abhimAna nahIM karatA thA aura na vaha yaza kI kAmanA karatA thA. vaha kabhI bhI anyadharmoM ke AcAryoM kI nindA nahIM karatA thA. satya bhI, kaThora hone para usake liye tyAjya thA. vaha sadaiva sadvicAroM kA pratipAdana karatA thA. ziSya ko DAMTa-DapaTa kara yA apazabda kahakara vaha kAma nahIM letA thA. vaha dharma ke rahasya ko pUrNarUpa se jAnatA thA. usakA jIvana tapomaya thA. usakI vyAkhyAnazailI zuddha thI. vaha kuzala vidvAn aura sabhI dharmoM kA paNDita hotA thA.5 'rAyapaseNiya sUtra' meM tIna prakAra ke AcAryoM kA varNana hai : 1-kalAyariya-kalA ke adhyApaka. 2-sippAyariya-zilpa ke adhyApaka, 3-dhammAyariya-dharma ke adhyApaka. yaha vidhAna thA ki prathama to AcAryoM ke zarIra para tela kA mardana kiyA jAya, unheM puSpa bheMTa kiye jAeM, unheM snAna karAyA jAya, unheM sundara vastroM se susajjita kiyA jAya, unheM susvAdu bhojana karAyA tathA unheM yogya pArizramika aura pAritoSika diyA jAya. magara dharmAcArya kI bAta kucha aura taraha kI hai. bhojana, pAna Adi ke dvArA yogya sammAna karake unheM vividha prakAra ke upakaraNoM se saMtuSTa kiyA jAtA thA. vaha bhI badalA cukAne ke liye nahIM, kevala bhaktivaza hI. adhyayana aura usake viSaya-vaidika zikSaNa ke AdikAla se Rgveda kA adhyayana aura adhyApana sarvaprathama rahA hai. veda ke atirikta vedAMga, zikSA, kalpa, nirukta, chanda, vyAkaraNa tathA jyotiSa kA mahattva bhAratIya vidyAlayoM meM sadaiva rahA hai. 'bhagavatI sUtra' meM adhyayana ke viSaya nimna prakAra batalAe gae haiM : 6 veda. 6 vedAMga tathA 6 upAMga. 6 veda isa prakAra haiM-1 Rgveda, 2 yajurveda, 3 sAmaveda, 4 atharvaveda, 5 itihAsa (purANa) tathA 6 nighaNTu. 6 vedAMga isa prakAra haiM-1 saMkhANa (gaNita), 2 sikkhAkappa (svara-zAstra), 3 vAgaraNa (vyAkaraNa), 4 chaMda, 5 5 nirukta (zabdazAstra) tathA 6 joisa (jyotiSa). 6 upAyoM meM prAyaH vedAMgoM meM varNita viSayoM kA aura adhika vistAra pUrvaka varNana thA. 1. uttarAdhyayana 121. 2. vahI, 25. 33. 3. atharvaveda, 11.5, 13. 4. pArA 1, 6, 5. 2-4. 5. sUtrakRtAMga 1.14, 16-27. 6. sthAnAMga,3.135. 7. sthAnAMga , 3.3.185. 'jaina paramparA ke anusAra veda do prakAra ke haiM-1 Aryaveda aura 2 anAryaveda. Aryavedo kI racanA bharata tathA COYA Jain E ary.org
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________________ DA. harIndrabhUSaNa jaina : prAcIna bhArata kI jaina zikSaNa-paddhati : 556 uttarAdhyayana-TIkA meM nimna prakAra 14 vidyAsthAna (adhyayana ke viSaya) batAe gae haiM'-4 veda, 6 vedAMga, mImAMsA, nAya (nyAya), purANa tathA dhammasattha (dharmazAstra). kucha aise bhI viSaya the jinakA paThana-pAThana kI dRSTi se nimna sthAna thA aise viSaya saMsAratyAgI sAdhujanoM ke liye pApazruta kahe jAte the. sthAnAGga sUtra meM aise pApazrutoM kA varNana hai ! unakI saMkhyA nau hai. 1. uppAya (apazakuna-vijJAna) 2. nimitta (zakuna-vijJAna) 3. manta (mantra vidyA) 4. Aikkhiya (nIca-indrajAla vidyA) 5. tegicchiya (cikitsA vijJAna) 6. kalA (kalA-vijJAna) 7. AvaraNa (gRha-nirmANa-vijJAna) 8. aNNANa (sAhityavijJAna-kAvya-nATakAdi) 6. micchApavayaNa (asatya zAstra). aMga zAstra meM 72 kalAoM kA varNana milatA hai. yadyapi sabhI chAtra ina samasta kalAoM meM nipuNatA prApta nahIM karate the phira bhI apanI zakti ke anusAra ina kalAoM meM dakSatA prApta karanA pratyeka chAtra kA uddezya hotA thA. ye kalAyeM 13 bhAgoM meM vibhakta haiM : 1. paThanakalA-leha (lekha) aura gaNita. 2. kAvyakalA--porekabba (kavitA nirmANa) ajjA (AryA chanda meM kavitA yA nirmANa), paheliyAM (prahelikA kA nirmANa), mAgadhiyA (mAgaghI bhASA meM kAvyanirmANa), gAthA (gAthAchanda meM kAvya nirmANa) gIiya (gItoM kA narmANa) tathA siloya (zlokoM kA nirmANa) 3. mUrtinirmANa kAla-rUva (rUpa) 4. saMgItavijJAna-naTTa (nRtya), gIya (saMgIta), vAiya (vAdya), saragama, pukkharagaya (Dhola vAdana) tathA tAla. 5. mRttikAvijJAna-dagamaTTiya. 6. dha takrIDA tathA gRha krIDA-juA (dyUta) jaNavAya (anya prakArakA juA). pAsaya (pAMsoM kA khela), aTThAvaya (zataraMja) suttakheDa kaThaputalI kA nAca vattha (bhore kA khela) tathA nAlikAkheDa (anya prakAra ke pAsoM kA khela). 7. svAsthva, zRGgAra tathA bhojanavijJAna-annavihi (bhojana vijJAna), pANavihi (pAna), vatthavihi (vastra) vilevana (zRMgAra) sayaNa (zayyA vijJAna), hiraNNa juti (cAMdI ke AbhUSaNoM kA vijJAna) suvaNNa (sone ke AbhUSaNoM kA vijJAna), AbharaNavihi (AbhUSaNoM kA vijJAna), cuNNajuti (zRMgAracUrNa vidyA), tarUNI-paDikamma (taruNiyoM ke zarIra ko sundara banAne kI vidhi), pattacchejja (patroM se sundara AbhUSaNa banAnA) tathA kaDacchettA (bhAla kA sajAnA) 8. cihnavijJAna-lakSaNa-isameM cihnoM ke dvArA strI, puruSa, ghor3A, hAthI, gAya, murgA, dAsI, talavAra, ratna tathA chatra ke bheda ko jAnanA sammilita thA. zakuni-vijJAna-isameM pakSiyoM kI boliyoM kA jJAna Avazyaka thA. 10. khagolavidyA-cAra (grahoM ke calana) tathA paDicAra (praticalana) kI vidyA. anya AcAryoM ne kI. inameM tIrthaMkaroM ke yazogAna tathA zramaNa evaM upAsakoM ke kartavyoM kA varNana thA. bAda meM sulasA, yAjJavalkya Adi ne anAryavedoM kI racanA kI.' Avazyaka cUrNi, 215. 1. uttarAdhyayana TIkA, 3 pR0 56 a0 2. sthAnA sUtra, 6, 678. 3. nAyAmdhamakahAo,1,20, pR0 21, AN SAREENERGARIMA RRIPTIRAPARMANATHMaraPRANGAN- notes, HARIHAR Jain Education in w.jamirary.org
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________________ 56. : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya 11. rasAyanazAstra-isameM sonA (suvaNNapAga) cAMdI (hiraNNa) ko banAnA tathA nakalI dhAtuoM ko asalI hAlata meM parivartita karanA (sajIva) tathA asalI dhAtu ko nakalI dhAtu banAnA (nijjIva) sammilita thA. 12. gRha-vijJAna-isameM makAna banAnA (vatyuvijjA), nagaroM tathA jamIna ko nApanA (nagarAramaNa khandhAraNama) sammilita the. 13. yuddhavijJAna-isameM juddha (yuddha), nijuddha (kuztI) juddhAtijuddha (ghorayuddha) diTThiIjuddha (dRSTi yuddha), muTThijuddha (muSTi yuddha), bAhuyuddha, layAjuddha, malla yuddha isattha (tIra vijJAna), carUppavAya (asivijJAna), dhanuvveya (dhanurvijJAna), vUha (vyUha vijJAna), paDivUha (prativyUha vijJAna), cakkavUha (cakravyUha vijJAna), garuDavUha (garuDavyUha vijJAna), tathA sagaDavUha (zakaTavyUha vijJAna) sammilita the. zikSaNa vidhi-vaidika kAla meM prArambha se hI sUtroM ko kaNThAgra karane kI rIti thI. udAtta, anudAtta tathA svarita kI abhivyakti vANI ke sAtha hI sAtha hAtha kI gati se bhI kI jAtI thI. vaidika mantroM ko kaMThastha karane ke liye tathA unake pATha meM kisI prakAra kI truTi na hone dene ke liye vividha prakAra ke pATha hote the. jaise-saMhitA-pATha, pada-pATha, Rma-pATha, ghana-pATha, jaTA-pATha Adi. jaina-zikSaNa-paddhati kA zreya mahAvIra ko hai. mahAvIra ne kahA thA ki 'jaise pakSI apane zAvakoM ko cArA dete haiM vaise hI ziSyoM ko nitya prati, dina aura rAta zikSA denI cAhie. yadi ziSya saMkSepa meM kucha samajha nahIM pAtA thA to AcArya vyAkhyA karake use samajhAtA thA. AcArya, artha kA anartha nahIM karate the. ve apane AcArya se prApta vidyA ko yathAvat ziSya ko grahaNa karAne meM apanI saphalatA mAnate the. ve vyAkhyAna dete samaya vyartha kI bAteM nahIM karate the.2 paravartI yuga meM zAstroM ke pATha karane kI rIti kA pracalana huA. vidyArthI, zAstroM kA pATha karate samaya zikSaka se pUcha kara sUtroM kA ThIka-ThIka artha samajha letA thA aura isa prakAra apanA saMdeha dUra karatA thA. vidyArthI bAra-bAra AvRtti karake apane pATha ko kaMThastha kara letA thA. phira vaha par3e hue pATha kA manana aura cintana karatA thA. prazna pUchane se pahale vidyArthI AcArya ke samakSa hAtha jor3a letA thA.4 jaina zikSaNa kI vaijJAnika zailI ke pAMca aMga the--1. vAcanA (par3hanA), 2. pRcchanA (pUchanA), 3. anuprekSA (par3he hue viSaya kA manana karanA), 4. AmnAya (kaNThastha karanA aura pATha karanA) tathA 5. dharmopadeza.5 anuzAsana-vaidika yuga meM AcArya vidyArthI ko prathama dina hI Adeza detA thA ki 'apanA kAma karo, karmaThatA hI zakti hai, agni meM samidhA DAlo, apane mana ko agni ke samAna ojasvitA se samaddhi karo, so o mata.' jaina zikSaNa meM bhikSuoM ke liye zArIrika kaSTa kA atizaya mahattva batAyA gayA hai. vratabhaMga ke prasaMga sAdhu ko maranA taka zreyaskara batAyA gayA hai. jaina zikSaNa meM zarIra kI bAhya zuddhi ko kevala vyartha hI nahIM apitu anartha-kArya batAyA gayA hai. zarIra kA saMskAra karane vAle zramaNa 'zarIra bakuza' (caritrabhraSTa) kahalAte the.7 paravartI yuga meM vidyArthiyoM ke liye AcArya kI AjJA pAlana karanA, DAMTa par3ane para use cupacApa saha lenA, bhikSA meM svAdiSTa bhojana na lenA Adi niyama banAye gaye. vidyArthI sUryodaya ke pahale jAgakara apanI vastuoM kA nirIkSaNa karate 1. AcArAMga, 1.6.3.3. 2. sUtrakRtAMga, 1.14. 24-27. 3. uttarAdhyayana, 26.18. tathA 1.13. 4. uttarAdhyayana 1. 22. 5. sthAnA, 465. 6. zatapathabrAhmaNa, 11.5.4.5. 7. sthAnA, 445 tathA 158. 16. G: . Jain Education mamibrary.org
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________________ DA. harIndrabhUSaNa jaina : prAcIna bhArata kI jaina zikSaNa-paddhati : 561 the. aura gurujanoM kA abhivAdana karate the. dina ke tIsare pahara meM ve bhikSA mAMgate the. aura rAtri ke tIsare pahara meM sote the. vidyArthI bhUla meM kiye gaye aparAdhoM kA prAyazcitta karate the.' jaina saMskRti ke vidyArthI Una, rezama, kSoma, sana, tAr3apatra Adi ke bane hue vastroM ke liye gRhastha se yAcanA karate the. ve camar3e ke vastra yA bahumUlya ratna yA svarNajaTita alaMkRta vastroM ko grahaNa nahIM karate the. haTTe-kaTTa vidyArthI bhikSu eka, aura bhikSuNiyAM cAra vastra pahinatI thI.2 samAvartana-vaidika kAla meM adhyayana samApta ho jAne para vidyArthI AcArya kI anumati se ghara lauTa jAte the. samAvartana kA artha hai 'lauTanA'. Azrama chor3ate samaya AcArya vidyArthI ko kucha aise upadeza detA thA jo usake bhAvI jIvana kI pragati meM sahAyaka hote the. jaina-sUtroM meM bhI samArtana saMskAra kA varNana milatA hai. chAtra jaba adhyayana samApta kara ghara vApasa AtA thA taba atyanta samAroha ke sAtha use grahaNa kiyA jAtA thA. 'rakSita' jaba pATaliputra se adhyayana samApta kara ghara vApasa AyA to usakA rAjakIya sammAna kiyA gayA. sArA nagara patAkAoM aura bandanavAroM se susajjita kiyA gayA. rakSita ko hAthI para biThAyA gayA tathA logoM ne usakA satkAra kiyA. usakI yogyatA para prasanna hokara logoM ne use dAsa, pazu tathA svarNa Adi dravya diyA. vidyA ke kendra-vaidika kAla meM prAyaH pratyeka vidvAn gRhastha kA ghara vidyAlaya hotA thA, kyoMki gRhastha ke pA~ca yajJoM meM brahma-yajJa kI pUrti ke liye gRhastha ko adhyApana kArya karanA Avazyaka thA.5 jina vanoM, parvatoM aura upanada pradezoM ko logoM ne svAsthya-saMvardhana ke liye upayogI mAnA ve sthAna AcAryoM ne apane Azrama aura vidyAlayoM ke upayoga ke liye cune. mahAbhArata meM kaNva, vyAsa, bhAradvAja aura parazurAma Adi ke AzramoM ke varNana milate haiM. rAmAyaNa-kAlIna citrakUTa meM vAlmIki kA Azrama thA." jaina-saMskRti kI AcArya paramparA tIrthaGkaroM se prArambha hotI hai. tIrthaGkara prAyaH anagAra hote the. aMtima tIrthaGkara mahAvIra kA digambara honA prasiddha hai. aise tIrthaGkaroM kI zAlA kA bhavanoM meM honA saMbhava nahIM thA. unake ziSyasaMgha AcAryoM ke sAtha hI, deza-dezAntara meM paryaTana karate the. mahAvIra ke jo gyAraha gaNadhara (ziSya) the ve saba AcArya the. unameM indra bhUti, vAyubhUti, vyakta tathA sudharmA ke pratyeka ke 500 ziSya the, maNDika tathA mauryaputra ke pratyeka ke 350 ziSya the aura akampita, acalabhrAtA, metArya tathA prabhAsa ke pratyeka ke 300 ziSya the. ye bhramaNa karate hue saMyogavaza mahAvIra se mile tathA unake vyaktitva se prabhAvita hokara apane ziSyoM sahita unake saMgha meM sammilita ho gaye.8 / zanaiH zanaiH jaina muniyoM tathA AcAryoM ke liye guphA-mandira tathA tIrthakSetra ke mandira Adi banane lage. isake bAda rAjadhAniyoM, tIrthasthAna, Azrama tathA mandira zikSA ke kendra bane. rAjA tathA jamIMdAra loga vidyA ke poSaka tathA saMrakSaka the. samRddha rAjyoM kI aneka rAjadhAniyA~ bar3e-bar3e vidyA ke kendroM ke rUpa meM pariNata huI. banArasa vidyA kA vizAla kendra thA. saMkhapura kA rAjakumAra agaDadata, vahAM vidyAdhyayana ke liye gayA thA. vaha apane 1. uttarAdhyayana, 26. 2. AcArAMga, sUtra, 2.5.1.1. 3. uttarAdhyayana TIkA, 2 pR0 22 a0. 4. chAndogya upaniSad, 8.15.1.4.6.1. tathA 2. 23.1. 5. "adhyApanaM brahmaya 1." manusmRtiH, 3. 70. 6. Adiparva, 70. 7. rAmAyaNa, 2.5.6.16. 8. kalpasUtra 'lisTa Apha sthavirAja' 'zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra' pR0211-220. . . JainEdupation Internation1T Formvate &Personal us wwomelibrary prg
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________________ 262 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya AcArya ke Azrama meM rahA aura apanA adhyayana samApta kara lauTA. sAvatthI (zrAvastI), eka anya vidyA kA kendra thA. pATaliputra bhI vidyA kA kendra thA. 'rakkhiya' jaba apane nagara dazapura meM adhyayana na kara sakA to vaha ucca zikSA ke liye, pATaliputra gayA. 'pratiSThAna' dakSiNa meM vidyA kA kendra thA. 'balamI' zikSA kendra ke rUpa meM khyAti kI carama sImA para thA. yahIM para jaina AgamoM ko saMgRhIta karane ke liye nAgArjunasUri ne jaina-santoM kI eka sabhA bulAI thI. sAdhuoM ke nivAsa sthAna (vasati) tathA upAzrayoM meM bhI vidyAdhyayana huA karatA thA. aise sthAnoM para ve hI sAdhu adhyApana ke adhikArI the jinhoMne upAdhyAya ke samIpa rahakara prAcIna zAstroM ke adhyApana kI zikSA prApta kI hai.1 satya tathA jJAna ke parIkSaNa ke liye prAyaH vAda-vivAda huA karate the. vAda-vivAda karane ke liye bar3e-bar3e saMgha (vAdapurisA) huA karate the jahAM jaina tathA anya sAdhu vizeSakara, bauddha sAdhu Akara sUkSma-se-sUkSma viSayoM para vAdavivAda kiyA karate the. yadi koI vyakti tarka tathA nyAya meM kamajora pAyA jAtA thA to usako kisI anya vidyA-kendra meM jAkara aura adhika adhyayana ke liye prayatna karanA par3atA thA. vahAM se adhyayana samApta kara vaha lauTatA aura apane virodhI ko parAjita kara dharma kA pracAra karatA thA.' Upara kahI gaI zikSaNa-paddhati para vicAra karane ke bAda hama isa niSkarSa para pahuMcate haiM ki bhAratavarSa meM prAcIna kAla meM vaidika tathA bauddha zikSaNa-paddhati ke samAna eka suvyavasthita jaina zikSaNa-paddhati bhI thI. Ajakala bhArata ke bar3e-bar3e nagaroM meM jainadharma aura janadarzana ke adhyApana ke liye jo pratiSThAna cala rahe haiM una para pUrNa rUpa se isa prAcIna jaina zikSaNa-paddhatI kA prabhAva dRSTigocara hotA hai. 1. 'lAipha ina enzyenTa iNDiyA' pR0 173-174. 2. bRhatkalpabhAdhya, 4. 54.25, 54.21. Jain Education Intemational Education international
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________________ DA0 nathamala TATiyA nidezaka, prAkRta jainazAstra aura ahiMsA - zodhasaMsthAna, mujaphpharapura, bihAra. 'mokSamArga svanetAram' ke kartA pUjyapAda devanandi pUjyapAda devanandikRta sarvArthasiddhi nAmaka tattvArthavRtti ke prArambha meM nimnAMkita zloka upalabdha hotA hai : mokSamArgasya netAraM bheNAraM karmabhUbhRtAm jJAtAraM vizvatasvAnAM vande sadguNalabdhaye. isa zloka ke kartRtva ke bAre meM kucha varSa pahale UhApoha calA thA aura yaha siddha karane kI ceSTA kI gaI thI ki isake kartA tattvArthasUtrakAra AcArya umAsvAmI hai. para vastusthiti anyathA pratIta hotI hai. (1) AptaparIkSA meM AcArya vidyAnanda ne isa zloka ke kartA ke lie sUtrakAra aura zAstrakAra ye donoM zabda prayukta kiye haiM. ataeva saMzaya honA svAbhAvika thA. para inhIM vidyAnanda ke tattvArthazlokavArtika ke prArambha meM kI gaI parAparagurupravAha viSayaka AdhyAna kI carcA se tathA AptaparIkSA gata prayogoM se yaha spaSTa siddha ho jAtA hai ki sUtrakAra zabda kevala AcArya umAsvAmI ke lie hI prayukta nahIM hotA thA, isakA prayoga dUsare AcAryoM ke lie bhI kiyA jAtA thA. (2) usI vAlokayAtika ke antargata tattvArthasUtra ke prathamasUtra kI anupapatti upasthApana aura usake parihAra kI carcA se bhI yaha spaSTa phalita hotA hai ki AcArya vidyAnanda ke sAmane tattvArthasUtra ke prArambha meM 'mokSamArgasya netAram * zloka nahIM thA. (3) aSTasahasrI tathA AptaparIkSAntargata kucha vizeSa ullekhoM se yaha siddha hotA hai ki AcArya vidyAnanda ke matAnusAra isI zloka ke viSayabhUta Apta kI mImAMsA svAmI samantabhadra ne apanI AptamImAMsA meM kI hai. ina tInoM muddoM para hama kramaza: vicAra kareMge. sUtrakAra - zAstrakAra parAparagurupravAha kI carcA ke prasaMga meM AcArya vidyAnanda ne tattvArthazlokavArtika ke prArambha ( pR0 1 ) meM aparaguru kI vyAkhyA isa prakAra kI hai : aparagurugaMNadharAdiH sUtrakAraparyantaH yahAM sUtrakAra zabda se kevala AcArya umAsvAmI kA bodha abhipreta nahIM ho sakatA, para ve tathA unake pUrva tathA pazcAdvartI anya AcArya bhI yahAM abhipreta haiM. anyathA AcArya umAsvAmI ke bAda ke AcAryoM ko AdhyAna kA viSaya banAne kI paramparA asaMgata pramANita hogI. AcArya vidyAnanda svayaM apanI aSTasahastrI ke prArambha meM svAmI samantabhadra kA jo abhivandana karate haiM vaha bhI asaMgata ThaharegA. AcArya AdidevasUri apane syAdvAdaratnAkara graMtha ke Adi meM AcArya vidyAnanda ke etenAparagurugaMNaparAdiH sUtrakAraparyanto vyAkhyAMta - isa vacana kI pratidhvani isa prakAra karate haiM - etenAparagururapi gaNadharAdirasmadguruparvanto vyAkhyAtaH 5. 4 1. dekho - anekAnta, varSa 5, (kiraNa 6-7, 8-ha tathA 10-11 ). 2. zrAptaparIkSA, pR0 12 - kiM punastatparameSThino guNastotra zAstrAdau sUtrakArA: prAhuH 3. vahI, pR0 2 - kasmAtpunaH parameSThinaH stotra zAstrAdau zAstrakArAH prAhuH. 4. tattvArthazlokavArtika, pR0 1. 5. syAdvAdaratnAkara; pR0 5. Janicatrenatht Forate & Pers www.aelibrary.org
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________________ 564 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya ataeva ukta prasaMga meM sUtrakAra zabda se kevala AcArya umAsvAmI abhipreta na hokara tatvopadezaka sabhI AcArya abhipreta haiM-yaha niHsandigdha siddha hotA hai. tattvapratipAdaka zAstra ke prArambha meM akhila tattvajJAna ke prabhavasthAna parama guru tIrthaMkara tathA tattvArthanirNaya meM sahAyabhUta gaNadharAdi guruparamparA ke prati kRtajJatA nivedana karanA hI AdhyAna hai. aura vahI zAstrasiddhi kA hetu hai. hAM, aparagurupravAha ke antargata sUtrakAroM meM AcArya umAsvAmI kA sthAna pramukha hai, jaisA ki AcArya hemacandra ne apanI pramANamImAMsA (pR0 1) meM kahA hai--prekSasva vAcakamukhyaviracitAni sakalazAstracUDAmaNi-bhUtAni tattvArthasUtrANIti. AptaparIkSAgata AcArya vidyAnanda kI yaha ukti bhI isa sthala para mananIya haina hi paramparayA mokSamArgasya praNetA guruparvakramAvicchedAdadhigatatattvArthazAstrArtho'pyasmadAdibhiH sAkSAdvizvatattvajJatAyAH samAzrayaH sAdhyate pratItivirodhAt, kiM tahi sAkSAnmokSamArgasya sakalabAdhakapramANarahitasya yaH preNatA sa eva vizvatattvajJatAzraya: tattvArthasUtrakArairumAsvAmiprabhRtibhiH pratipAdyate bhagavadbhiH.' yahAM tattvArtha zabda aura sUtrakAra zabdaye donoM vyApaka artha meM prayukta hue haiM. anyathA prabhRti zabda nirarthaka hogA, kAraNa tattvArtha nAmaka graMtha ke sUtrakAra ke mUlarUpa meM kevala umAsvAmI hI prasiddha haiM, anya koI AcArya nahIM. hAM tattvArtha ke vRttikAra, vAtikakakAra Adi ke rUpa meM anya AcArya bhI prasiddha haiM. ataeva ukta sthala meM apane vyApaka artha meM hI sUtrakAra zabda prayukta huA hai- yaha svata: siddha hai. tattvArtha zabda bhI yahAM sAmAnya artha meM prayukta huA hai, na ki graMthavizeSa ke artha meM. ataeva sanmatiprakaraNa Adi ke kartA AcArya siddhasena divAkara Adi kA samAveza bhI tattvArthasUtrakAra zabda meM ho jAtA hai. sanmatiprakaraNa sanmatisUtra ke nAma se prasiddha hai. AptaparIkSA ke nimnokta vAkyoM meM bhI sUtrakAra zabda aise hI vyApaka artha meM prayukta hue haiM-guruparvakramAt sUtrakArANAM parameSThina: prasAdAt ....... zreyomArgasya saMsiddhirabhidhIyate (pR0 8), parameSThina: prasAdAtsUtrakArANAM zreyomArgasya saMsiddheryuktaM zAstrAdau-parameSThiguNastotram (pR06). prastuta prasaMga meM sUtra aura zAstra ke svarUpaviSayaka AcArya vidyAnanda kA nimnokta ullekha vivecanIya hai-varNAtmaka hi padaM, padasamudAyavizeSaH sUtraM, sUtrasamUhaH prakaraNaM, prakaraNasamitirAhinakaM, AhinakasaMghAto'dhyAyaH, adhyAyasamudAyaH zAstramiti zAstralakSaNam. dazAdhyAyIrUpa sampUrNa zAstra ke kartA hone ke kAraNa AcArya umAsvAmI zAstrakAra haiM, aura padasamudAyavizeSa rUpa sUtroM ke kartA hone ke kAraNa ve sUtrakAra bhI haiM. isI taraha dUsare AcAryoM (udAharaNArtha AcArya hemacandra, vAdidevasUri Adi) ko bhI padasamudAyavizeSa rUpa sUtroM ke kartA ke rUpa meM sUtrakAra aura sampUrNa grantha ke kartA rUpa se zAstrakAra kahA jA sakatA hai. isa prasaMga meM sUtra kA nimnokta lakSaNa bhI dhyAna-yogya hai : alpAkSaramasandigdhaM sAravad vizvatomukham , astobhamanavadya ca sUtra sUtravido viduH / ina sArI bAtoM ko dhyAna meM rakha kara hI AcArya vidyAnanda 'mokSamArgasya netAram' zloka ke racayitA ko kabhI eka akhaNDa artha ke vAcaka viziSTa padasamudAya rUpa isI zloka ke kartA ke rUpa meM sUtrakAra aura kabhI sampUrNa tattvArthazAstra ke racayitA rUpa se zAstrakAra kahate haiM. mokSamArgasya netAram zloka ke racayitA ko tattvArthazAstrakAra kahane meM bhI koI bAdhA nahIM, kAraNa umAsvAmiracita mUla tatvArthasUtra kI taraha usa para svaracita vArtika tathA anya vyAkhyAna grantha ko bhI zAstra kahanA prAcArya vidyAnanda ko iSTa hai. unhoMne spaSTa rUpa se nimnokta uddharaNa meM yaha bAta kaha bhI dI haitattvArthaviSayatvAddhi tattvArthoM granthaH prasiddhaH.........prasiddhe ca tattvArthasya zAstratve tadvArtikasya zAstratvaM siddhameva 1. AptaparIkSA, pR0 260-1 (pAdaTippaNa sahita). paNDita zrIdarabArIlAlajI koThiyA sampAdita pATha saMgata pratIta nahIM hotA. unake pATha meM-tattvArthasUtrakArairumAsvAmiprabhRtibhiH yaha aMza nahIM hai tathA bhagaddhiH ke sthAna para bhagavataH hai. prastuta uddharaNa meM Aye hura asmadAdibhiH aMza kI saMgati ke liye parityakta aMza Avazyaka hai. tattvArthasUtrakAra ke sthAna para tatvArthasUtrakArAdibhiH pATha bhI saMbhava nahIM,kAraNa Adi zabda vivakSita prakarSa kA bAdhaka hogA. 'bhagavaddhiH' pATha ko AvazyakatA bhI spaSTa hai. 2. tattvArthazlokavArtika, pR0 2 / dekho nyAyavArtika (nyAyadarzana, pR04). 3. yuktidIpikA, pR0 3. vAcaspati mizrakRta nyAyavArtikatAtparyaTIkA (nyAyadarzana, pR0 70), meM uddhRta. - w INTIMAHILE WAJOLYA AN Y muslimmah IMA n ti Pranam amsANIROMLAIMIMELATAST I NITHAmeanARNITINADHIMALAMIC HIMNOMANIM. JAITRI...IMATMreMorary.org
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________________ Jain Edu DA0 nathamala TATiyA : mokSamArgasya nevAram ke kartA pUjyapAda devanandi : 565 tadarthatvAt.. .... tadanena tavyAkhyAnasya zAstratvaM niveditam ' ataeva prastuta zloka jisa grantha ke Adi meM pAyA jAtA hai vaha bhI tattvArthaviSayaka hone ke kAraNa tattvArthazAstra hai. arthAt sarvArthasiddhi ko tatvArthazAstra tathA usake racayitA ko tatvArthazAstrakAra kahane meM koI bAdhA nahIM. ........ 'mokSamArgasya netAram' zloka meM sUtra ke sabhI lakSaNa vidyamAna haiM. tabhI to svAmI samantabhadra jaise zreSTha cintaka aura AcArya vidyAnanda jaise gaMbhIra tArkika isa zloka se preraNA lekara kramazaH AptamImAMsA aura AptaparIkSA kI racanA karate haiM. ataeva ise sUtra aura isake racayitA ko sUtrakAra kahane meM koI asaMgati lakSita nahIM hotI, cAhe ve AcArya umAsvAmI hoM yA pUjyapAda devanandi. IzvarakRSNa praNIta sAMkhyakArikA prasiddha hai. isakI prAcIna TIkA yuktidIpikA meM IzvarakRSNa praNIta kaI kArikAMzoM ko saMjJA dI gaI hai. jAcArya dharmakItiracita pramANavAtika dignAgakRta pramANasamuccaya kI vyAkhyA hai. para pramANavArtika ke TIkAkAra karNagomI ne pramANavArtika ke vAkya ko sUtra tathA dharmakati ko sUtrakAra" kahA hai. isa prasaMga meM AcArya vidyAnanda uddhRta -- sUtraM hi satyaM sayuktikaM cocyate hetumattathyamiti sUtralakSaNavacanAt yaha vacana bhI smaraNIya hai. AcArya umAsvAmI se bhinna anya AcAryoM ko tattvArthasUtrakAra kahA jA sakatA hai yA nahIM ? hama dekha cuke haiM, AcArya vidyAnanda ko sUtrakAra zabda se AcArya umAsvAmI se atirikta anya tattvopadezaka AcArya bhI abhipreta haiM. ataeva anya AcAryoM ko bhI tasyArthasUtrakAra kahanA asaMgata nahIM. isa prakAra AptaparIkSA kI tasvArthakAmAsvAmiprabhRtibhiH isa ukti kI bhI saMgati baiTha jAtI hai. pUjyapAda devanandi racita sarvArthasiddhi vRtti ke mahattvapUrNa sUtrAtmaka lakSaNavAkyoM ko vyAkhyA AcArya akalaka ne apane tattvArthapAtika (rAjavAtika) meM kI hai. ataeva use tavArthasUtra tathA usake kartA ko sUtrakAra yA tattvArthasUtrakAra kahane meM koI bAdhA nahIM honI cAhie. aba hama AptaparIkSAgata aura eka ullekha para vicAra kareMge. AptaparIkSA kI dvitIya kArikA ke anvaya ke prasaMga meM kahA gayA hai-- zreyaso mArgaH zreyomArgaH ... tasya saMsiddhiH samprAptiH samyag jJaptirvA, sA hi parameSThinaH prasAdAdbhavati munipuMgavAnAM yasmAttasmAte munipuMgavAH sUtrakArAdayaH zAsvasyAdau tasya parameSThino guNastotramAriti sambandhaH 1 isa uddharaNa meM sUtrakArAdayaH zabda ke antargata Adi zabda se kauna abhipreta hai? arthAt sUtrakAra zabda dvArA vRttikAra, vArtikakAra Adi kA bhI bodha yadi mAna leM taba Adi zabda se kisakA grahaNa iSTa hogA ? yahA~ Adi zabda se zrotA ko le sakate haiM. upadeSTA sUtrakAra zAstraracanA ke pUrva parApara parameSThI kI stuti karatA hai to ziSya zrotA bhI upadeza grahaNa ke pUrva parAparagurupravAha kI guNastuti avazya karatA hai. arthAt prastuta prasaMga meM zrotA aura vyAkhyAtA dvArA parameSThiguNastotra kI paramparA vivakSita hai. AptaparIkSA kA nimnokta uddharaNa isa viSaya para prakAza DAlatA hai - tasmAnmokSamArgasya ttanAraM karmabhUbhRtAM bhettAraM vizvatattvAnAM jJAtAraM vande iti zAstrakAraH zAstraprArambhe zrotA tasya vyAkhyAtA vA bhagavantaM parameSThinaM paramaparaM vA mokSamArgatraNatRtvAdibhirguNaiH saMstauti tatprasAdAcch yomArgasya saMsiddhe samarthanAt yahA~ spaSTarUpa se kahA gayA hai, 'mokSamArgasya netAram' guNastotra kA kartA zAstrakAra -- zrotA athavA usakA vyAkhyAtA 1. tattvArtha zlokavArtika, pR0 2. 2. dekho - yuktidIpikA, pR0 2-3. 3. dekho - karNagomikRta pramANavArtikaTIkA, pR0 4. 4. vahIM, pR0 12. 5. vahI, pR0 8. 6. tattvArthaM zlokavArtika, pR0 6. 7. AptaparIkSA, pR0 260, pAdaTippaNa 2. ........ 8. AptaparIkSA, pR0 7-8. 1. AptaparIkSA, pR0 13. , ary.org
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________________ 566 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : tRtIya adhyAya zAstraprArambha meM para apara parameSThI kI stuti mokSamArgapraNetRttvAdi guNoM dvArA karatA hai. ukta uddharaNagata zrotA aura vyAkhyAtA zabda dvArA AcArya vidyAnanda ne yaha spaSTa kara diyA hai ki zrotA tathA vyAkhyAtA donoM zAstrazravaNa aura zAstravyAkhyAna ke pUrva parAparaparameSThI kA guNasmaraNa karate haiM. uparokta carcA kA uddezya kevala itanA hI siddha karanA hai ki sUtrakAra zabda kA artha niyamena tattvArthasUtrakAra umAsvAmI taka sImita nahIM hai, para prasaMga kI saMgati ke anurUpa usakA artha karanA par3egA. udAharaNArtha, AptaparIkSA ke nimnovata pATha meM sUtrakAra zabda AcArya umAsvAmI ke sivAya aura kisI AcArya kA bodhaka nahIM mAnA jA sakatA - 'saguptisamitidharmAnuprekSAparISajayacAritrebhyo bhavati iti sUtrakAramatam " parantasvArthakA smAsvAmiprabhRtibhiH - isa prayoga meM sUtrakAra zabda se kevala AcArya umAsvAmI kA bodha svIkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA. yahA~ yaha prazna svAbhAvika hai yadi mokSamArgasya nevAram' zloka AcArya umAsvAmiviracita tatvArthasUtra ke Adi meM nahIM hai to usa zloka kA kartA kauna hai tathA AcArya umAsvAmI kA bhagavadguNastova kahAM hai? aura AcArya vidyAnanda dvArA apanI AptaparIkSA meM punaH punaH AvRtta sUtrakAroM dvArA kahe gae guNastotraviSayaka nimnokta kathanoM kA abhiprAya kyA hai ? udAhaNArtha : ( ka ) - . . tasmAtte munipuMgavA : sUtrakArAdayaH zAstrasyAdI tasya parameSThino guNastotra mAhu:. - ( pR0 8 ) . ......... zAstrAdau parameSThiguNastotram ( 401 ). 1 ( kha ) -- tataH parameSThinaH prasAdAtsUcakArANAM pomArgasya saMsiddhe isakA uttara yaha hai ki kisI sUtrakAra vizeSa ke guNastotra - vizeSa kI vivakSA yahAM nahIM hai. zAstra ke Adi meM bhagavadguNasaMstavana ke aucitya mAtra kA nirdeza hai. yadi kisI sUtra ke Adi meM guNastotra upalabdha na ho to samajhanA hogA ki yaha zAstra meM nivaDa nahIM kiyA gayA hai. AptaparIkSAkAra ne bhI kahA hai-na kvacittat (bhagavadguNasaM stavanaM ) na kriyata iti vAcyaM tasya zAstre nibaddhasyAnibaddhasya mAnasasya vA vAcikasya vA vistarataH saMkSepato vA zAstrakArairavazyaMkaraNAt.' arthAt AcArya umAsvAmI yA anya kisI AcArya vizeSa kI vivakSA na rakha kara zAstra ke Adi meM guNastotra kA sAmAnya vidhAna yahAM iSTa hai. AptaparIkSA kArikA 3 ( mokSamArgasya netAram zloka ) ke rUpa meM yaha guNaratoSa vizeSa batAyA gayA hai, jise dhyAna meM rakhakara yaha sAmAnya vidhAna kiyA gayA hai, aura vahI AptaparIkSA kA AdhArabhUta sUtra hai. isa zloka ke pravaktA kA nirdeza zAstrAdau sUtrakArAH prAhuH ke dvArA utthAnikA meM kiyA gayA hai. para zlokagata vande pada ke kartA ko nirdeza karate hue AcArya vidyAnanda likhate haiM : 'tasmAn mokSamArgasya netAraM karmabhUbhRtAM bhettAraM vizvatattvAnAM jJAtAraM vande iti zAstrakAraH zAstraprArambhe zrotA tasya vyAkhyAtA vA bhagavantaM parameSThinaM paramaparaM vA mokSamArgapraNetRtvAdibhirguNaiH saMstauti, yatprasAdAcchu yomArgasya saMsiddha: samayaMgAt (pR0 13) isa uddharaNa se yaha spaSTa hai ki vande pada ke kartA ke rUpa meM AptaparIkSAkAra ko AcArya umAsvAmI vivakSita nahIM haiM, kintu tatvArthazAstra ke zrotA athavA vyAkhyAtArUpa zAstrakAra iSTa haiM. ye zAstrakAra aura ukta pravaktA sUtrakAra yadi abhinna haiM, to sUtrakAra zabda se AcArya umAsvAmI kA vivakSita honA saMbhava nahIM. tatvArthazlokavAtikagata anupapatti-upasthApana tathA parihAra umAsvAmipraNIta tatvArthasUtra ke kisI bhI prAcIna vyAkhyAgrantha ke Adi meM 'mokSamArgasya netAram' zloka kI vyAkhyA upalabdha nahIM hai, na pUjyapAda devanandi svayaM isakI vyAkhyA karate haiM na AcArya akalaMka apane tattvArthavArtika meM isakA ullekha karate haiM, na AcArya vidyAnanda hI apane zlokavArtika meM. 1. AptaparIkSA, pR0 6. Jain Edmational Use Only www.felibrary.org
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________________ DA0 nathamala TATiyA : mokSamArgasya netAram ke kartA pUjyapAda devanandi : 567 apitu AcArya vidyAnanda tatvArthasUtra ke prathamasUtra kI upapatti siddha karane ke prasaMga meM, 'vAtikaM hi sUtrAnAmanupapatticodanA tatparihAro vizeSAbhidhAnaM prasiddham'-bArtika ke isa svIkRta lakSaNa kA anusaraNa karate haiM aura anupapatti upasthApana prastuta karate hue usakA uttara isa prakAra dete haiM : nanu ca tattvArthazAstrasyAdisUtraM tAvadanupapannaM pravaktRvizeSasyAbhAve'pi pratipAdya vizeSasya ca kasyacitpratipitsAyAmasatyAmeva pravRttatvAdityanupapatticodanAyAmuttaramAha prabuddhAzeSatattvArthe sAkSAtyakSINakalmaSe / siddha munIndrasaMstutye mokSamArgasya netari / satyAM tatpratipitsAyAmupayogAtmakAtmanaH / zreyasA yocyamANasya pravRttaM sUtramAdimam / tenopapannameveti tAtparyam.. AcArya vidyAnanda ke sAmane yadi 'mokSamArgasya netAram' zloka umAsvAmipraNIta tattvArthasUtra ke Adi zloka ke rUpa meM rahatA to isa sthala meM ve avazya usakI ora iMgita karate aura usI ke AdhAra para uttara dete. yahA~ yaha bAta dhyAnayogya hai ki AcArya vidyAnanda ke ukta praznottara ke AdhAra pUjyapAda devanandi viracita sarvArthasiddhi ke Adi meM upalabdha 'mokSamArgasya netAram' zloka usI sarvArthasiddhi tathA AcArya akalaMka praNIta tattvArthavArtika (rAjavAtika) ke prAraMbhika vacana haiM, jo kramazaH nimna prakAra haiM : (ka) kazcid bhavyaH pratyAsannaniSThaH prajJAvAn svahitamupalipsuH nirgranthAcAryavaryamupasadya savinayaM pRcchati sma. (kha) upayogasvabhAvasyAtmanaH zreyasA yokSyamANasya prasiddhI satyAM tanmArgapratipitsotpadyate. yaha spaSTatayA uddharaNa eka kI tAtparya-vyAkhyA hai. yadi 'mokSamArgasya netAram' zloka AcArya umAsvAmiviracita hotA to isa prasaMga meM AcArya vidyAnanda usa bAta kA nirdeza Avazya karate. para usakA mauna bhAva siddha karatA hai, yaha zloka AcArya umAsvAmiviracita nahIM hai. praSTasahasrI tathA prAptaparIkSA ke kucha vizeSa ullekha evaM prAptamImAMsA svAmI samantabhadra racita AptamImAMsA para AcArya akalaMka ne aSTazatI racI tathA aSTazatI para AcArya vidyAnanda ne aSTasahasrI kI racanA kI. do kArikAoM meM maMgalAcaraNa ke samAnantara AcArya akalaMka AptamImAMsA ke prathama zloka (devAgama-nabhoyAna) kI utthAnika meM likhate haiM--devAgametyAdi-maMgalapurassarastavaviSayaparamAptaguNAtizayaparIkSAmupakSipataiva svayaM zraddhAguNajJatAlakSaNaM prayojanamAkSiptaM lakSyate. tadanyatarApAye'rthasyAnupapatteH. zAstranyAyAnusAritayA tathavopanyAsAt (pR02). isa vAkya kA vizleSaNa karate hue AcArya vidyAnanda kahate haiM, yahA~ graMtha kA prayojana aura sAdhyasAdhanasambandha batAye gaye haiM. graMthakAragata zraddhAguNajJatAlakSaNa 'prayojana' hai, tathA zAstrArambhastavaviSayAptaguNAtizayaparIkSA 'sAdhana' hai. aisA kaha kara AcArya vidyAnanda apanI aSTasahasrI ke maMgalastavAntargata-'zAstrAvatAraracitastutigocarAptamImAMsitam' -isa padyAMza ko AcArya akalaMka kI ukti kA anuvAda-mAtra siddha karate haiM, arthAt AcArya vidyAnanda ke mata meM AcArya akalaMka bhI devAgama-zAstra (AptamImAMsA) ko zAstrAvatAraracitastutigocarApta kI mImAMsA karane vAlA mAnate 1. tatvArtha zlokavArtika, pR0 2. 2. tattvArthazlokavArtika, pR0 4. 3. sarvArthasiddhi, pR0 1. 4. tattvArthavArtika, pR01 Jain Eucation International
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________________ 268 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya the. apane isa abhiprAya kA spaSTIkaraNa AcArya vidyAnanda isa prakAra karate haiM-- 'zAstrAvatAra-racitastutigocarAptamImAMsitamidaM zAstra devAgamAbhidhAnamiti nirNayaH' (aSTazatI, pR03). aba akalaMkokta usa maMgalapurassara-stava tathA svokta zAstrAvatAraracitastuti kA samanvaya karate hue AcArya vidyAnanda kahate haiM-'maMgalapurassarastavo hi zAstrAvatAraracitastutirucyate. maMgalaM purassaramasyeti maMgalapurassaraH zAstrAvatArakAlastatra racitaH stavo maMgalapurassarastava iti vyAkhyAnAt' (aSTasahasrI, pR0 3). zAstrAvatAra ke samaya maMgalAcaraNa kiyA jAtA hai, ataeva 'maMgalapurassara' zabda kA artha huA zAstrAvatArakAla. zAstrAvatArakAla meM racita stava hI maMgalapurassarastava hai. aba prazna uThatA hai, vaha kauna zAstra hai, jisake avatArakAla meM vaha stava kiyA gayA hai jisameM Apta kI stuti kI gaI hai ? isakA AnuSaMgika uttara AcArya vidyAnanda ke isa vAkya se milatA hai-'tadevaM nizzreyasazAstrasyAdau tannibandhanatayA maMgalArthatayA ca munibhi. saMstutena niratizayaguNena' bhagavatAptena-(aSTazatI' pR0 3). arthAt vaha nizzreyasazAstra hai jisake Adi meM prastuta stava kiyA gayA hai. yaha nizzreyasa-zAstra kA artha hai mokSazAstra yA tattvArthazAstra. isI stava ke bAre meM AcArya vidyAnanda apanI aSTazatI kA upasaMhAra karate hue likhate haiM-'zAstrArambhe'bhiSTutasyAptasya mokSamArgapraNetRtayA karmabhUbhaddettRtayA vizvatattvAnAM jJAtRtayA ca bhagavadarhatsarvajJasyaivAnyayogavyavacchedena vyavasthAparA parIkSeyaM vihitA iti svAbhipretArthanivedana-mAcAryANAmA vicArya pratipattavyam (aSTazatI, pR0 264). aba hama AptaparIkSagata una do padyoM para vicAra kareMge jinameM 'mokSamArgasya netAram' zloka meM pratipAdita Apta kI mImAMsA svAmI samantabhadra dvArA kiye jAne kA tathA tattvArthazAstra ke Adi meM isa stava ke pAye jAne kA ullekha hai. ve padyadvaya isa prakAra haiM : zrImattatvArthazAstrAdbhutasalilanidheriddharatnodbhavasya / protthAnArambhakAle sakalamalabhide zAstrakAraiHkRtaM yat / stotraM tIrthopamAnaM prathitapRthupathaM svAmi-mImAMsitaM tad / vidyAnandaiH svazaktyA kathamapi kathitaM satyavAkyArthasiddhaya / iti tatvArthazAstrAdau munIndra-stotra-gocarA / praNItAptaparIkSeyaM vivAda-vinivRttaye / prathama padya meM zrImattattvArthazAstra kI tulanA prakAzamAna ratnoM ke udbhavasthAna samudra se kI gaI hai. yahA~ zrImat zabda mananIya hai. hama dekha Aye haiM. tattvArthazAstra evaM tattvArthasUtra zabdoM kA prayoga AcArya vidyAnanda ne vyApaka artha meM kiyA hai. saMbhavataH usa vyApaka artha ke vyavaccheda ke lie yahAM zrImat vizeSaNa kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, jisase zrImattattvArthazAstra zabda dvArA AcArya umAsvAmiviracita tattvArthasUtra kA bodha ho sake. yahA~ protthAna zabda bhI vizeSa artha meM prayukta huA hai. utthAna zabda kA artha hai. pustaka ataeva protthAna zabda kA artha huA prakRSTa utthAna arthAt vRtti yA vyAkhyAna.3 ataeva protthAnArambhakAle' kA artha huA 'vyAkhyAnArambhakAle'. ukta padyameM 'stotraM tIrthopamAnaM prathitapRthupatham' dvArA prazastamokSamArga ko prakAzita karane vAle stotra ('mokSamArgasya netAram' zloka) kI tulanA udbhAsita-vistIrNa-sopAnayukta tIrtha se kI gaI hai. padyagata salilanidhi zabda tathA zliSTa protthAna zabda AcArya siddhasena divAkara ke nimnokta stotrAntargata mahArNava tathA utthAna zabda kA saMsmaraNa karAtA hai: 1. AptaparIkSA, pR0 265. 2. dekho, AcArya hemacandraviracita anekArtha saMgraha, tRtIya kANDa, 387-8 ....."utthAnaM sainye pauruSe yudhi pustake, udyamodgamaharSeSu vAstvante''ganacaityayoH / malotmaneM........ . . . . . . . .""dekho-medinI, nAntavarga 41, vizvakoza-mahezvarakRta, 58.. 3. isa prasaMga meM uttarAdhyayana sUtra, 2016 kA pottha zabda vicAraNIya hai. dekho ziSyahitA vyAkhyA tathA sanTiyara kRta noMdha. KAHANI MARAWANSARLAHITIHATTISMITHITYA IND Amhinmami VIDIO Jain Education For Private & Personal use only
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________________ DA0 nathamala TATiyA : mokSamArgasya netAram ke kartA pUjyapAda devanandi : 566 sunizcitaM naH paratantrayuktipu sphuranti yAH kAzcana saktasampadaH / tavaiva tA pUrvamahArNavotthitA jagatpramANaM jinavAkyavipuSaH / AptaparIkSA se uddhRta prathama padyAntargata 'svAmi-mImAMsitam' zabda spaSTa rUpa se svAmI samantabhadra kI AptamImAMsA kA nirdeza karatA hai. dvitIyapadyAntargata tattvArthazAstra zabda aviziSTa hone ke kAraNa apane vyApaka artha meM prayukta huA hai. ataeva isakA artha AcArya umAsvAmi dvArA viracita tattvArthasUtra mAnane kI koI AvazyakatA pratIta nahIM hotI. upasaMhAra uparokta vivecana se yaha spaSTa hai, AcArya vidyAnanda kI kisI bhI ukti se yaha siddha nahIM hotA ki 'mokSamArgasya netAram' zloka ke kartA AcArya umAsvAmI haiM. apitu kahIM to aisA pratIta hotA hai ki AcArya umAsvAmI se bhinna hI anya koI AcArya isake kartA ke rUpa meM AcArya vidyAnanda ko iSTa haiM. UhApoha se jo dUsarI mahattvapUrNa bAta phalita hotI hai, vaha hai svAmI samantabhadra dvArA 'mokSamArgasya netAram' zloka ko AdhAra banA kara AptamImAMsA grantha kI racanA karanA. AcArya vidyAnanda kevala svayaM isa mata ke poSaka nahIM, para unake mata meM AcArya akalaMka kI bhI yahI mAnyatA thI. isa bAta ko AcArya vidyAnanda ne aSTasahanI ke prArambha meM, jaisA ki hama ne Upara dekhA, spaSTa kara diyA hai. ataeva sarvArthasiddhi ke prArambha meM upalabdha 'mokSamArgasya netAram, zloka ko prAcIna bAdhaka pramANa ke abhAva meM pUjyapAda devanandikartRka hI mAnanA cAhie tathA AptamImAMsA ke AdhArabhUta stotraviSayaka AcArya vidyAnanda kI mAnyatA ko dhyAna meM rakhakara hI svAmI samaMtabhadra ke prAdurbhAva kAlaviSayaka vicAra prastuta karanA ucita hogA. 4, dvAtriMza dvAtrizikA, prathamadvAtriMzikA. 30.
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________________ vidyAbhUSaNa paM. ke. bhujabalI zAstrI sampAdaka 'gurudeva' mUDabidrI karNATaka ke jaina zAsaka dakSiNa bhArata se jainadharma kA sambandha suprAcIna kAla se hai. bhAgavata ke kathAnusAra bhagavan RSabhadeva kA bihAra karNATaka ke koMka, baiMka, kuTakAdi pradezoM meM bhI huA thA. koMka se vartamAna koMkaNa aura kuTaka se koDagu kA sambandha hai. isa bAta ko meM anyatra' sapramANa siddha kara cukA hU~. udhara bauddhoM ke prAmANika graMtha mahAvaMzAdi se bhI dakSiNa meM jainadharma kA astitva sudIrgha kAla se siddha hotA hai. dvArikA ke nAza ko pahale hI jAnakara, bhagavAn neminAtha ke pallava deza meM jAne kA ullekha, jainAgamoM meM spaSTa aMkita hai. yoM to I0 pUrva cauthI zatAbdI sambandhI zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu kI dakSiNayAtrA kI ghaTanA ko prAyaH sabhI itihAsajJa svIkAra karate haiM. khaira, aba prastuta viSaya para AeM. tamilu prAnta meM, pAMDyoM kI rAjadhAnI madhurA jainoM kA kendra rahA. pAMDya nareza jaina dharmAnuyAyI the. khArabela ke zilAlekha se vidita hotA hai ki unake rAjyabhiSeka ke zubhAvasara para tatkAlIna pAMDaya nareza ne dhAnyoM se bhare hue katipaya jahAjoM ko bheMTa rUpa se unheM bhejA thA. isa pAMDya vaMza kI eka zAkhA dakSiNa kannaDa jilAntargata bArakUra meM bhI rAjya karatI rahI. tamilu graMtha nAlaDiyAra se jJAta hotA hai ki zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke sAtha uttara se dakSiNa meM jo eka vizAla munisaMgha AyA thA, usa saMgha ke hajAroM vidvAn muni dharmapracArArtha isI tamilu prAnta meM Akara raha gaye the. AcAya pUjyapAda ke ziSya vajranandI ne lagabhaga pAMcavI zatI meM madhurA meM eka vizAla jainasaMgha ko sthApita kiyA thA. katipaya vidvAnoM kI rAya se suprasiddha kurala graMtha ke racayitA, jainoM ke prAtaH smaraNIya AcArya kuMdakuMda hI hai. sara vAlTara iliyaTa ke mata se dakSiNa meM kalA-kauzala evaM sAhitya para jainoM kA kAphI prabhAva par3A hai. kAlavena ne bhI likhA hai ki-jainoM kI unnati kA yuga hI tamilu sAhitya kA mahAyuga hai. eka jamAne meM sAre dakSiNa bhArata meM jainadharma kA gaharA prabhAva thA. zrI zeSagirirAva ke abhiprAya se vartamAna vizAkhapaTTaNa, kRSNa, nellUra Adi pradezoM meM jainadharma vizeSa rUpa se phailA thA. phira bhI karNATaka ke itihAsa meM jainadharma kA jo mahattvapUrNa sthAna surakSita hai, vaha anyatra kahIM nahIM hai. karNATaka meM I0 pU0 se hI jainadharma maujUda thA. mAnya anveSaka vidvAnoM kI rAya se zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke sAtha hI karNATaka meM jainadharma kA Agamana huA. kintu katipaya vidvAno kI yaha bhI rAya hai ki bhadrabAhu kI yAtrA ke pUrva bhI dakSiNa meM jainadharma avazya rahA hogA. anyathA zrutakevalIjI ko itane bar3e saMgha ko isa sudUra dakSiNa meM livA lAne kA sAhasa kabhI nahIM hotA. apane anuyAyI bhaktoM se bharose para hI unhoMne isa gurutara kAma ko kiyA hogA. zilAlekhoM se patA calatA hai ki maurya aura AMdhra vaMza ke pazcAt karNATaka meM rAjya karane vAle kadaMba aura pallava vaMza ke zAsaka bhI jaina dharmAvalaMbI the. khAsakara banabAsi ke prAcIna kadaMba aura pallavoM ke bAda tolava (vartamAna dakSiNa kannaDa z2ilA) meM rAjya karane vAle cAlukya niHsandeha jaina dharmAnuyAyI the. cAlukyoM ne aneka devAlayoM ko dAna diyA hai. 1. dekho isase sabandhita lekhaka kA nibandha. 4H / nal Use Sihty / Vater W e library.org
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________________ paM0 ke0 bhujabalI zAstrI : karNATaka ke jaina zAsaka : 571 gaMga zAsaka jaina dharmAvalaMbI the. isa vaMza ke Adima aitihAsika puruSa mAdhava aura daDiga donoM jainAcArya siMhanaMdI ke ziSya the. siMhanaMdI ke hI dvArA gaMgavADi rAjya sthApita huA thA. isa vaMza ke zAsakoM ne I0 san 250 se 175 taka rAjya kiyA thA. I0 san 475 meM rAjya karane vAle isa vaMza ke zAsaka avinIta ke guru, jaina paNDita vijayakIti the. yaha avinIta vidvAn thA. duvinIta isI kA putra thA. yaha duvinIta prasiddha jainAcArya pUjyavAda kA ziSya rahA. isa vaMza ke zAsakoM ne pallava, cola aura cAlukyoM ko jIta kara karNATaka kA dIrgha kAla taka vaibhava pUrvaka zAsana kiyA. duvinIta ke putra muSkara ke nAma se dhAravAr3a jilAMtargata lakSmezvara meM eka sundara jinamaMdira nirmANa karAyA gayA thA. isI vaMza ke pratApI rAjA mArasiMha ne cera, cola aura pANDya rAjAoM ko pUrNataH harAyA thA. yaha jainadharma kA pakkA anuyAyI thA. mArasiMha vaibhavapUrvaka rAjya zAsana kara aMta meM rAjya ko tyAga kara, jainAcArya guru ajitasena ke pAdamUla meM jinadIkSA lekara, dhAravAr3a jilAMtargata baMkApura meM, I0 san 675 meM, samAdhi maraNa pUrvaka svargavAsI huA thA. zravaNa belgola meM vizvavikhyAta bAhubalI kI mUrti ko sthApita karane vAlA vIramArtaNDa cAvaMDarAya isI mArasiMha kA maMtrI evaM senAnAyaka thA. ise tribhuvanavIra, satyayudhiSThira, vIramArtaNDa Adi aneka upAdhiyA~ prApta thIM. cAvaMDarAya siddhAMtacakravartI nemicandrajI kA ziSya thA. isake dvArA gaMgarAjya aura jainadharma donoM kI AzAtIta unnati huI thI. cAvUDarAya saMskRta, kannaDa Adi bhASAoM kA bar3A paNDita thA. khaira, gaMgo kA astitva karNATaka meM solavIM zatAbdI taka maujUda thA. isa vaMza ke avasAna ke bAda karNATaka meM hoyasala zAsakoM ne jainadharma ko Azraya diyA. hoysala vaMza ke mUla puruSa sala ne jaina-muni sudatta kI sahAyatA se hI isa vaMza ko sthApita kiyA thA. bAda meM isa vaMza ke zAsaka vinayAditya ne jainAcArya zAMtideva ke AzIrvAda se gaMgavaDi kA mahAmaNDalezvara huA. isane apane zAsanakAla meM aneka jinamaMdira aura sarovaroM ko nirmANa karAyA thA. vinayAditya kA putra yuvarAja ereyaMga bar3A vIra thA. isane apane zraddheya guru AcArya gopanaMdI ko, zramaNabelgolastha caMdragiri ke jinAlayoM ke jIrNoddhAra ke liye katipaya grAmoM ko dAna meM de diyA thA. ye saba bAteM zravaNabelgola ke zilA lekhoM meM spaSTa aMkita haiM. vinayAditya ke uparAMta ballAla zAsaka niyukta huA. yaha ballAla jaba eka bhayaMkara roga se pIr3ita huA, taba zravaNabelgola ke tatkAlIna maThAdhIza cArukIrtijI ne hI use usa roga se mukta kiyA thA. isake upalakSya meM ballAla ne cArukItijI ko 'ballAlajIvarakSaka' upAdhi se alaMkRta kiyA thA. ballAla ke mAmA daNDanAyaka mariyaNNa ne sukhacaMdrAcArya ke netRtva meM belegere meM eka sundara jinamandira nirmANakArA kara vaibhava-pUrvaka usakI pratiSThA kI thI. kahA jAtA hai ki ballAla kA uttarAdhikArI biTTideva rAmAnujAcArya ke upadeza se naiSNava dharmAnuyAyI ho gayA thA. parantu aMta taka use jainadharma para bar3I zraddhA rahI. isake liye eka-do nahIM, aneka udAharaNa diye jA sakate haiM. biTTivardhana kI paTarAnI zAMtalA AcArya zrIprabhAcandra kIpa kI ziSyA rahI. isane zravaNabelgola meM 'savatigaMdhavAraNabasadi' nAmaka eka sundara zilAmaya jinAlaya nirmANa karAkara, usameM apane nAmAnukula bhagavAn zrI zAMtinAtha kI mUrti sthApita kI thI. aMta meM zAMtalA ne sallekhanA-dvArA apanA zarIra tyAga kiyA thA. hoyasala rAjya meM eka-do nahIM, prabhAvazAlI aneka jaina zrAvaka unnatAdhikAra meM pratiSThita the. gaMgarAja biTTideva kA pradhAnamantrI evaM senA-nAyaka rahA. yaha gaMgarAja zrIzubhacandra kA ziSya thA. isane govindavADi grAma ko zrIgaummaTezvara kI sevA ke liye sAdara evaM saharSa samarpita kiyA thA. gaMgarAja ne cAlukya nareza tribhuvanamalla kI prabala senA ko vIratA se jItane ke upalakSya meM biTTideva dvArA bahumAna meM prApta parama grAma ko mAtApocikabbe aura patnI lakSmI ke dvArA nirmApita jinamandira ko samarpita kiyA thA. gaMgarAja kA bar3A bhAI bambha bhI hoysala rAjya kA senApati thA. gaMgarAja ne apanI pUjya mAtA kI smRti meM, zravaNabelgola meM kattalebasadi' ke nAma se eka sundara jinAlaya nirmANa karAyA thA. isakI patnI lakSmI ke dvArA bhI zravaNabelgola meM 'eraDukaTTebasadi' ke nAma se eka manojJa jinamandira nirmANa huA thA. isa gaMgarAja ke putra boppaNa ke dvArA bhI zravaNa Jain Education-latestiana mAyahisonal usenly, imaniainelibrary.org
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________________ 572 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya belgola meM eka jinamandira banavAyA gayA thA. yaha boppaNa mahArAjA biTTideva kA catura senApati thA. boppaNa kI patnI senAnAyaka mariyaNNa evaM bharata kI (vyoTI) choTI bahana thI. mariyaNNa aura bharata ye donoM prathama narasiMha (I0 san 1141-1173) ke senAnAyaka rahe ina sahodaroM ne saikar3oM mandira banavAye aura zravaNabelgola meM candragiri para bharatabAhubalI kI mUrtiyA~ bhI sthApita kI. gaMDavimukta siddhAntadeva ina sahodaroM ke zraddheya guru the. isa hoyasala senA meM puruSa hI nahIM, apane pUjya pati senApati punISa ke sAtha jaina vIrAMganA jakkiyabbA bhI senAnAyikA rahI. ye donoM pati-patnI zrIajitasenAcArya ke ziSya the. uparyukta ye sabhI bAteM zravaNabelgola ke zilAlekhoM meM maujUda haiM. jainadharma kA parama zraddhAlu hulla hoysala zAsaka biTTideva, narasiMha aura vIraballAla ina tInoM ke zAsana kAla meM kozAdhikArI thA. hulla ko zAsana-kArya evaM rAjyaghaTanA ke nirmANa meM yogaMdharAya aura rAjanIti meM bRhaspati se bhI pravINa batalAyA hai. yaha mahAmaNDalAcArya devakIti kA ziSya thA. isane thavaNabelgola meM zilAmaya 'caturvizatittIthaMkarabasadi' ke nAma se eka sundara jina mandira banavAyA thA. rAjA narasiMha jaba yAtrArtha zramaNabelgola gayA, taba isa mandira kI pUjA ke liye isane sabaNeru nAmaka grAma ko dAna meM de diyA thA. hulla kI prArthanA se isa dAna kA samarthana ballAla dvitIya ne bhI kiyA thA. isa prakAra gaMgarAja, hulla aura boppaNa Adi zraddhAlu jaina zrAvakoM ne hoysala zAsakoM se jaina dharma kI bar3I-bar3I sevAe~ karAI haiM. ina logoM ne svayaM bhI jainadharma kI apAra sevA bajAkara, jaina itihAsa meM apanA nAma amara kara diyA hai. aba rASTra kUTa rAjavaMza ko lIjie. isa vaMza ke zAsanakAla meM bhI karNATaka meM jainadharma vizeSa unnati para thA. rASTrakUTagaMzI amoghavarSa prathama (I0 san 815-77) jainadharmAnuyAyI thA. isakI rAjadhAnI malakheDa yA mAnyakheTa thI. isake rAjya meM karNATaka hI nahIM, mahArASTra kA bahubhAga bhI zAmila thA. amoghavarSa ke guru Adi purANa ke racayitA bhagavajjinasena the. ise nRpa tuMga aura atizayadhavala upAdhiyA~ thIM. amoghavarSa ne vaibhavapUrNaka rAjya zAsana kara aMta meM jinadIkSA lI thI. amoghavarSa ke zAsanakAla meM jaina vAGmaya vizeSa rUpa se pravardhamAna hubhA. dhavalA, jayadhavalA, zAkaTAyanavyAkaraNa kI amoghavRtti aura gaNitasAra Adi bahumUlya kRtiyA~ isI ke zAsanakAla meM racI gaIM. rASTrakUTa zAsakoM meM prAya: sabhI zAsaka jainadharma ke anuyAyI the. kRSNa dvitIya ke guru AcArya guNabhadra the. isI ke zAsanakAla meM jaina vIrAMganA jakkimabbe nAgarakhaMDa meM dakSatA se rAjya karatI rahI. rASTrakUTa ke aMtima zAsaka indra ne anta meM zravaNabelagola jAkara I0 san 684 meM samAdhimaraNa svIkAra kiyA thA. rASTrakUTa zAsakoM ke sAmaMta, jaina vIra baMkeya, isakA suyogya putralokAditya, nAgArjuna Adi karNATakIya rAjanIti kI unnati evaM saMskRti ke utthAna meM pUrNa sahayogI raheM. cAlukyavaMza jaina dharmAnuyAyI nahIM thA. phira bhI isa vaMza ke zAsaka jainadharma se vizeSa prabhAvita the. isa vaMza ke pula kezi dvitIya ke guru jainAcArya ravikIrti the. isI prakAra viniyAditya ke dharmaguru jaina vidvAn nirvivyadeva rahe vikramAditya kA vivAha to jaina rAjavaMza se hI huA thA. isakI rAnI tathA iMgaligi prAMta kI zAsikA jAkaladevI ke dvArA vahA~ para do sundara jinamandira nirmANa karAye gaye the. cAlukya zAsakoM ne jaina kaviyoM ko bhI saharSa Azrama diyA thA. kannaDa AdipurANa kA kartA yazasvI mahAkavi paMpa cAlukya rAja-sabhA kA bhUSaNa thA. baTTiga ke dvArA nirmApita eka jinAlaya ke liye arikesarI ne somadevasUrI ko eka gAMva dAna meM diyA thA. rAmasvAmI ayyaMgAra ke mata se kalacUri rAjavaMza pakkA jainadharmAnuyAyI thA. isa bAta ko unhoMne apanI kRti meM puSTa pramANoM se siddha kiyA hai. vijayanagara sAmrAjya ke kAla meM bhI jaina vIroM kA sAhasa kuMThita nahIM huA thA. senAnAyaka baicaNNa, vIra, zAMta, daMDanAyaka camUpa Adi jaina hI the. inhIM vIroM kI madada se harihara ko siMhAsana milA. bukkarAya ke zAsanakAla meM bhI daNDanAyaka, muNDapa mallappa aura baicappa kA putra irugappa Adi sammAna pUrvaka avikArArUr3ha rahe. irugappa harihara dvitIya kA bhI maMtrI thA. prathama devarAya kI patnI bhImAdevI jainadharmAvalaMbinI thI. isane 'zravaNabelagolasya maMgAyibasadi' meM bhagavAn pAvanAtha kI mUrtisthApita kI thI. devarAya ne bhI vijayanagara meM pArzvanAthabasadi ko nirmANa karAyA thA. vijayanagara ke ina zAsakoM ne jainadharma se pravAhita ho, aneka jinAlayoM ko dAna bhI diyA hai. isa vaMza ke pratApI samrAT bukkarAya prathama Jain Education Inte myamelibrary.org
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________________ paM0 ke0 bhujabalI zAstrI : karNATaka ke jaina zAsaka : 173 ke I0 san 1365 kA eka lekha bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai. yaha lekha zravaNabelgolasya 'bhaMDAribasadi' meM Aja bhI maujUda hai. isa lekha meM likhA hai ki jainadharmAvalabiyoM ke dvArA bukkarAya se vaiSNavoM kI ora se hone vAle atyAcAra kI zikAyata kI jAne para bukkarAya ne jaina aura vaiSNava donoM sampradAyoM ke prabhAvazAlI vyaktiyoM ko ekatrita kara jaina bhaktoM kA hAtha vaiSNavoM ke hAtha meM rakha kara, donoM meM mela karAyA. sAtha hI ghoSaNA kI ki jaina aura vaiSNava donoM mata abhinna haiM. donoM eka hI zarIra ke aMga haiM. isI prakAra ceMgAlva, koMgAlva, zAMtara Adi dakSiNa ke kaI jaina sAmaMta zAsaka bhI kAphI prasiddha rahe. khAsakara tolava [dakSiNa kannaDa] ke berarasa, baMga, ajila, mUla, cauTa, sevaMta, biNNANi, konna Adi kaI sAmaMta zAsaka, pakke jaina-dharmAvalaMbI ho vaibhavapUrvaka yahA~ para zAsana karate rahe. ina sAmaMtoM meM se bairarasa ke dvArA kArakalastha gommaTa-mUrti aura nimmaNNa ajila ke dvArA veNUrastha gommaTa-mUrti samArohapUrvaka sthApita kI gaI thI. isa prakAra eka jamAne meM karNATaka meM jainadharma liye ke jaina zAsakoM kA bar3A bala rahA. vaha jamAnA jainadharma ke liye suvarNa-yuga hI thA. SATH hAlapaNa Jain Education Intemational
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________________ muni zrInathamalajI upaniSad, purANa aura mahAbhArata meM zramaNa saMskRti kA svara zramaNa paramparA Atma-vidyA kI paramparA hai. vaha utanI hI prAcIna hai, jitanI prAcIna Atma-vidyA hai. bhAratIya vidyAoM meM Atma-vidyA kA sthAna sarvocca hai. jo vyakti AtmA ko nahIM jAnatA, vaha bahuta kucha jAnakara bhI jJAnI nahIM bana pAtA. zaunaka ne aMgarA se pUchA-'bhagavan ! vaisA kyA hai ? jise jAna lene para saba kucha jAna liyA jAya.'' upaniSadoM meM isakA uttara hai-'AtmA ko jAna lene para saba kucha jAna liyA jAtA hai.' yaha zramaNa-saMskRti kA pradhAna svara hai. Atma-vidyA kSatriya paramparA ke adhIna rahI hai. purANoM ke anusAra kSatriyoM ke pUrvaja bhagavAn RSabha haiM.2 zrImadbhAgavatakAra ke abhimata meM bhagavAn RSabha mokSadharma ke pravartaka avatAra haiM. bhagavAn RSabha ke sau putra the. unameM nau putra vAtarazana zramaNa bane. ve prAtma-vidyA vizArada the.4 bhagavAn RSabha ne jisa Atma-vidyA aura mokSa-vidyA kA pravartana kiyA, vaha mudIrgha kAla taka kSatriyoM ke AdhIna rahI. vRhadAraNyaka aura chAndogya upaniSad meM hama dekha pAte haiM ki aneka brAhmaNa RSi kSatriya rAjAoM ke pAsa Ate haiM aura Atma-vidyA kA bodha lete haiM.5 vinTaranitja ke mata meM dArzanika cintana (athavA jAgaraNa) brAhmaNa yuga ke pazcAt nahIM, pUrva zuru ho cukA thA. svayaM Rgveda meM hI kucha aise sUkta haiM jinameM devatAoM meM aura purohitoM kI adbhuta zakti meM janatA ke andhavizvAsa ke pratikucha sandeha spaSTa ho cuke haiM.6 1. muNDakopaniSad 11.3. 2. (ka) brahmANDa purANa, pUrvArdha chanuSaMgapAda, adhyAya 14, zloka 60. RSabhaM pArthiva zreSThaM sarva-kSatrasya pUrvajam / RSabhAd bharato jajJe vIraH putr-shtaagrjH| (kha) vAyumahApurANa, pUrvArdha, adhyAya 33, zloka 50. nAbhistvajanayatputraM marudevyAM mahAyutiH / RSabhaM pArthiva-zreSThaM sarva-kSatrasya pUrvajam / 3. zrImadbhAgavata 11 / 2 / 16 (gItApresa gorakhapura, prathama saMskaraNa) tamAhurvAsudevAMzaM mokSadharmavivakSayA / avatINaM sutazataM tasyAsId brahmapAragam / 4. zrImadbhAgavata 11 / 2 / 20. navAbhavan mahAbhAgA munayo barthazaMsinaH / zramaNa vAtarazanA Atma-vidyA vizAradAhaH / 5. chAndogya upaniSad 553, 5 / 11 (3 saMskaraNa), vRhadAraNyaka 612, 211 (2 saMskaraNa). 6. prAcIna bhAratIya sAhitya, prathama bhAga, prathama khaNDa pRSTha 182 (motIlAla banArasIdAsa). NE. SEISURPRENEUROSENANDERSENENOSENEBENSERE Jain Education intematona
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________________ muni nathamala : upaniSad, purANa aura mahAbhArata meM zramaNa-saMskRti kA svara : 575 / 'bhArata ke ina prathama dArzanikoM ko usa yuga ke purohitoM meM khojanA ucita na hogA, kyoMki purohita to yajJa ko eka zAstrIya DhAMcA dene meM dilojAna se lage hue the. jabaki ina dArzanikoM kA dhyeya veda ke anekezvaravAda ko unmUlita karanA hI thA jo brAhmaNa yajJoM ke ADambara dvArA hI apanI roTI kamAte haiM unhIM ke ghara meM hI koI aisA vyakti janma le-le jo indra taka kI sattA meM vizvAsa na kare, devatAoM ke nAma se AhutiyAM denA jise vyartha najara Ae-buddhi nahIM mAnatI. so adhika saMbhava nahIM pratIta hotA ki yaha dArzanika cintana unhIM logoM kA kSetra thA jinheM vedoM meM purohitoM kA zatru arthAt ari, kaMjUsa, brAhmaNoM ko dakSiNA dene se jI curAne vAlA-kahA gayA hai. upaniSadoM meM to, aura kabhI-kabhI brAhmaNoM meM bhI, aise kitane hI sthala Ate haiM jahA~ darzana anucintana ke usa yuga-pravAha meM kSatriyoM kI bhAratIya saMskRti ko dena svata: siddha ho jAtI hai .' apane putra zvetaketu se prerita ho AruNi paMcAla ke rAjA pravAhaNa ke pAsa gayA. taba rAjA ne usase kahA- maiM tumheM jo Atma-vidyA aura paraloka-vidyA de rahA hU~, usa para Aja taka kSatriyoM kA prazAsana rahA hai. Aja pahalI bAra baha brAhmaNoM ke pAsa jA rahI hai. parA aura aparA mANDukya upaniSad meM vidyA ke do prakAra kie gae haiM, parA aura aparA. usameM Rgveda, yajurveda, sAmaveda, atharvaveda, zikSA, kalpa, vyAkaraNa, nirukta, chanda aura jyotiSa--yaha aparA hai. jisase akSara-paramAtmA kA jJAna hotA hai, vaha parA hai.4 maharSi bRhaspati ne prajApati manu se kahA-'maiMne Rk, sAma aura yajurveda, atharvaveda, nakSatra-gati, nirukta, vyAkaraNa, kalpa aura zikSA kA bhI adhyayana kiyA hai to bhI maiM AkAza Adi pAMcoM mahAbhUtoM ke upAdAna kAraNa ko na jAna sakA.'5 prajApati manu ne kahA-'mujhe iSTa kI prApti ho aura aniSTa kA nivAraNa ho, isI ke liye karmoM kA anuSThAna Arambha kiyA gayA hai. iSTa aura aniSTa donoM hI mujhe prApta na hoM, isake liye jJAnayoga kA upadeza diyA gayA hai. veda meM jo karmoM ke prayoga batAe gae haiM, ve prAyaH sakAma bhAva se yukta haiM. jo ina kAmanAoM se mukta hotA hai, vahI paramAtmA ko pA sakatA hai. nAnA prakAra ke karma mArga meM sukha kI icchA rakhakara pravRtta hone vAlA manuSya paramAtmA ko prApta nahIM hotA.6 pitA-putra saMvAda brAhmaNa putra medhAvI mokSa-dharma ke artha meM kuzala thA. vaha loka-tattva kA acchA jJAtA thA. eka dina usane apane svAdhyAya parAyaNa pitA se kahA : 'pitA ! manuSyoM kI Ayu tIvra gati se bItI jA rahI hai. yaha jAnate hue dhIra puruSa ko kyA karanA cAhie ? tAta ! 1. vahI pRSTha 183. 2. chAndogya upaniSad 5 / 3 / 7 pRSTha 476. yathA mA tvaM gautamAvadau yatheyaM na prAk tvattaH purA vidyA brAhmaNAnagacchati tasmAdu sarveSu lokepu kSatrasyaiva prazAsanamabhUditi tasmai hovAca. (kha) bRhadAraNyaka 6 / 2 / 8 pRSTha 1287. yatheyaM vidyetaH pUrva na kasmiMcana brAhmaNa uvAsa tAM tvahaM tubhyaM vakSyAmi. 3. 1114. 4. 12115. 5. mahAbhArata zAntiparva 2018 (prakAzaka-gItApresa gorakhapura), 6. mahAbhArata zAntiparva 201 // 10.11. SINOSENSIEBENDSENEDUNOSENESNENESSERE Jain EN aorary.org
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________________ 576 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya Apa mujhe usa yathArtha upAya kA upadeza kIjie, jisake anusAra maiM dharma kA AcaraNa kara sakU ?' pitA ne kahA--'beTA ! dvija ko cAhie ki vaha pahale brahmacarya-vrata kA pAlana karate hue sampUrNa vedoM kA adhyayana kare phira gRhasthAzrama meM praveza kara ke pitaroM kI sadgati ke lie putra paidA karane kI icchA kare. vidhi-pUrvaka vividha agniyoM kI sthApanA karake yajJoM kA anuSThAna kare. tatpazcAt vAnaprastha-Azrama meM praveza kare. usake bAda maunabhAva se rahate hue saMnyAsI hone kI icchA kare.' putra ne kahA-'pitA ! yaha loka jaba isa prakAra se mRtyu dvArA mArA jA rahA hai, jarA avasthA dvArA cAroM ora se ghera liyA gayA hai, dina aura rAta saphalatA pUrvaka AyukSaya rUpa kAma kara ke bIta rahe haiM, aisI dazA meM bhI Apa dhIra kI bhAMti kaisI bAta kara rahe haiM ?' pitAne pUchA--'beTA ! tuma mujhe bhayabhIta-sA kyoM kara rahe ho ? batAo to sahI, yaha loka kisase mArA jA rahA hai, kisane hameM ghera rakhA hai aura yahAM kauna se aise vyakti haiM jo saphalatA pUrvaka apanA kAma karake vyatIta ho rahe haiM. putra ne kahA-'pitA ! dekhie yaha sampUrNa jagat mRtyu ke dvArA mArA jA rahA hai. bur3hApe ne ise cAroM ora se ghera liyA hai. aura ye dina-rAta hI ve vyakti haiM jo saphalatA pUrvaka prANiyoM kI Ayu kA apaharaNa svarUpa apanA kAma karake vyatIta ho rahe haiM, isa bAta ko Apa samajhate kyoM nahIM ?' 'ye amogha rAtriyAM nitya AtI haiM aura calI jAtI haiM. jaba maiM isa bAta ko jAnatA hUM ki mRtyu kSaNabhara ke liye bhI ruka nahIM sakatI aura maiM usake jAla meM phaMsakara hI vicara rahA hUM taba maiM thor3I dera bhI pratIkSA kaise kara sakatA hUM ?' 'jaba eka-eka rAta bItane ke sAtha hI Ayu bahuta kama hotI calI jA rahI hai taba chichale jala meM rahanevAlI machalI ke samAna kauna sukha pA sakatA hai ?' jisa rAta ke bItane para manuSya koI zubha karma na kare. usa dina ko vidvAn puruSa 'vyartha hI gayA' samajhe. manuSya kI kAmanAeM pUrI bhI nahIM hone pAtI ki mauta usake pAsa A pahuMcatI hai. jaise ghAsa carate hue meDhe ke pAsa acAnaka vyAghrI pahuMca jAtI hai aura use dabocakara cala detI hai, usI prakAra manuSya kA mana jaba dUsarI ora lagA hotA hai, usI samaya sahasA mRtyu A jAtI hai aura use lekara cala detI hai. isalie jo kalyANakArI kArya ho, use Aja hI kara DAlie, kyoMki jIvana niHsandeha anitya hai. dharmAcaraNa karane se ihaloka meM manuSya kI kIti kA vistAra hotA hai aura paraloka meM bhI use sukha milatA hai. ataH aba maiM hiMsA se dUra rahakara satya kI khoja karUMgA, kAma aura krodha ko hRdaya se nikAlakara duHkha aura sukha meM samAna bhAva rakhuMgA tathA sabake liye kalyANakArI banakara devatAoM ke samAna mRtyu ke bhaya se mukta ho jAUMgA. maiM nivRtti parAyaNa hokara zAntimaya yajJa meM tatpara rahUMgA. mana aura indriyoM ko basa meM rakhakara brahma-yajJa meM laga jAUMgA ora muni-vRtti se rahUMgA. uttarAyaNa mArga se jAne ke liye maiM japa aura svAdhyAya rUpa vAgyajJa, dhyAna rUpa manoyajJa aura agnihotra evaM gurusuzrUSAdi rUpa karma-yajJa kA anuSThAna karUMgA. pazuyajJaH kathaM hiMsramAdizo yaSTumarhati, aMtavadbhiriva prAjJaH kSetrayaH pizAcavat. mere jaisA vidvAn puruSa nazvara phala denevAle hisAyukta pazuyajJa aura pizAcoM ke samAna apane zarIra ke hI rakta-mAMsa dvArA kiye jAne vAle tAmasayajJoM kA anuSThAna kaise kara sakatA hai ? jisakI vANI aura mana donoM sadA bhalI bhA~ti ekAna rahate haiM tathA jo tyAga, tapasyA aura satya se sampanna hotA hai, vaha nizcaya hI saba kucha prApta kara sakatA hai. saMsAra meM vidyA (jJAna) ke samAna koI netra nahIM hai. satya ke samAna koI tapa nahIM hai, rAga ke samAna koI duHkha nahIM hai aura tyAga ke samAna koI sukha nahIM hai. OXO JainERA Namsary.org
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________________ muni nathamala : upaniSad, purANa aura mahAbhArata meM zramaNasaMskRti kA svara : 177 AtmanyevAtmanA jAta aAtmaniSTho'prajA'vipA, Atmanyeva bhaviSyAmi na mAM tArayati prajA. maiM saMtAna rahita hone para bhI AtmA meM hI AtmA dvArA utpanna huA hUM aura AtmA meM hI sthita hUM. Age bhI AtmA meM hI lIna ho jAUMgA. santAna mujhe pAra nahIM utAregI. naitAdRzaM brAhmaNasyAsti vittaM, yathaikatA samatA satyatAca, zIlasthitirdaNDanidhAnamArjavaM, tatastatazcoparamaH kriyAbhyaH. paramAtmA ke sAtha ekatA tathA samatA, satya-bhASaNa, sadAcAra, brahmaniSThA daNDa kA parityAga (ahiMsA), saralatA tathA saba prakAra ke sakAma karmoM se uparati-inake samAna brAhmaNa ke liye dUsarA koI dhana nahIM hai. brAhmaNa deva pitA! jaba Apa eka dina mara hI jAyeMge to Apako isa dhana se kyA lenA hai athavA bhAI-bandhuoM se ApakA kyA kAma hai tathA strI Adi se Apa kA kauna sA prayojana siddha hone vAlA hai. Apa apane hRdayarUpI guphA meM sthita hue paramAtmA ko khojie. socie to sahI Apake pitA aura pitAmaha kahAM cale gae ?" vaidika vicAra-dhArA vaha hai, jo zloka meM pitA ne putra se kahI. manusmRti se bhI isI tathya kI puSTi hotI hai. vahAM likhA hai--'jo brAhmaNa veda par3he vinA, santAna utpatti kie vinA tathA yajJoM kA anuSThAna kie (RSi, RNa, pitRRNa aura deva-RNa se uRNa hue) vinA saMnyAsa dhAraNa kI icchA karatA hai, vaha nIca gati ko prApta hotA hai. isa mAnyatA ke viparIta medhAvI ne apane pitA se kahA vaha avaidika vicAradhArA hai. vaha zramaNa-vicAra dhArA kA maMtavya hai. paurANika dharma kRSNa ke vyaktitva ko kendrabindu mAnakara vikasita huA hai. kRSNa kA dharma vaidika siddhAntoM se bhinna thA. kRSNa kA vyaktitva utpatti se avaidika thA. aise abhimata ko pUrvapakSa ke rUpa meM uddhRta karate hue lakSmaNa zAstrI ne likhA hai. 'paurANika dharma kI eka vizeSatA yaha hai ki usake mukAbale meM yajJa-saMsthA ekadama pichar3a gaI. bhAgavata-dharma meM vedavihita yajJoM ko doSapUrNa batalAyA gayA hai, unakI nindA kI gaI hai. isake AdhAra para itihAsa ke kaI paNDita yaha siddha karane kA prayatna karate haiM ki paurANika-saMskRti tathA vedoM kI saMskRti meM virodha hai aura paurANika dharma vAstava meM avaidikoM ke vedapUrva kAla se calate Ae dharma kI vaha navIna vyavasthA hai jise vaidikoM ne bar3e samanvaya pUrvaka taiyAra kiyA hai. upapatti ko sindha prAnta meM utkhanana meM pAe gae tIna hajAra vargoM ke pUrvavartI sAMskRtika avazeSoM se puSTi milatI hai. yaha anumAna kiyA hai ki usa unnata saMskRti ke logoM meM yoga-vidyA tathA liMgarUpa ziva kI pUjA to avazya vidyamAna thI, parantu unameM vedoM kI yAjJika yAne yajJa para AdhArita saMskRti nahIM thI. isa anumAna ke liye paryApta sAmagrI isa utkhanana meM pAI gaI hai. dhyAnastha ziva kI mUrti tathA pUjanIya zizna-samAna liMga vahAM upalabdha hue haiM.5 mArkaNDeya purANa meM bhI pitA aura putra kA saMvAda hai. pitA nAma bhArgava hai aura putra kA nAma hai sumati. bhArgava ne sumati se kahA---'putra ! pahale vedoM ko par3ho, guru suzrUSA meM saMlagna raho, bhikSAnna khAyo, phira gRhastha bano, yajJa karo, santAna utpanna karo, banavAsI bano phira parivrAjaka-isa krama se brahma kI prApti karo'.6 1. mahAbhArata zAntiparva adhyAya 175, zloka 5-14, 36. 31-38, 2. manusmRti 6-37. anadhItya dvijo vedAn, anutpAdya tathA sutAn , __ aniSTvA caiva yajJazca, mokSa micchan bajatyathaH / 3. uttarAdhyayana 14. 4. jarnala Apha oriyanTala insTITyUTa, bhAga 12. bhAga naM0 3, pRSTha 232-237. 5. vaidika saMskRti kA vikAsa pRSTha 154-55 (sAhitya ekAdamI dillI kI ora se hindI grantha ratnAkara prA0 li. dvArA prakAzita). 6. mArkaNDeya purANa, adhyAya 10, zloka 10-13 (zrI veMkaTezvara mudraNAlaya, bambaI). Ha Noi va TP. HN Jain Ed audhary.org
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________________ 578 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya pitA kI vANI suna sumati kucha nahIM bolA. pitA ne apanI bAta ko bAra-bAra doharAyA, taba sumati muskAna bharate hue bolA -'pitA, Apane jo upadeza diyA, usakA meM bahuta bAra abhyAsa kara cukA hUM, aneka zAstroM aura zilpoM kA bhI maiMne abhyAsa kiyA hai. mujhe mere aneka pUrva-janmoM kI smRti ho rahI hai. mujhe jJAnabodha utpanna ho gayA haiM. mujhe vedoM se koI prayojana nahIM hai. maiMne aneka mAtA-pitA kiye hai." saMsAra parivartana ke lambe varNana ke bAda sumati ne kahA--'pitA ! saMsAra-cakra meM bhramaNa karate-karate mujhe aba mokSa prApti karAne vAlA jJAna mila gayA hai. use jAna lene para yaha sArA Rga, yajuH aura sAma saMhitA kA kriyA-kalApa mujhe viguNa sA laga rahA hai. vaha mujhe samyak pratibhAsita nahIM ho rahA hai. bodha utpanna ho gayA hai. tra guru-vijJAna se tRpta aura nirIha ho gayA hUM. mukhe vedoM se koI prayojana nahIM. pitA ! maiM kipAka phala ke samAna isa adharmADhya-trayIdharma (Rg yajuH, sAma-dharma) ko chor3akara paramapada kI prApti ke liye jAUMgA.2 pitA ne pUchA : putra ! yaha jJAna tujhe kaise sambhava huA? sumati ne kahA-'pitA meM pUrvajanma meM paramAtmalIna brAhmaNa saMnyAsI thA. Atma-vidyA meM mujhe parAniSThA prApta thI. maiM AcArya huA. anta meM marate samaya mujhe pramAda ho AyA. eka varSa kA hote-hote mujhe pUrva-janma kI smRti ho AI. mujhe jo jAti smaraNa jJAna huA hai, use trayI-dharma kA Azraya lene vAle nahIM pA sakate.'3 yajJa solaha Rtvika, yajamAna aura usakI patnI-ye aThAraha yajJa ke sAdhana haiM. ye saba nikRSTa karma ke Azrita aura vinAzI haiM. jo mUr3ha 'yahI zreya hai' isa prakAra inakA abhinandana karate haiM, ve bAra-bAra jarA-maraNa ko prApta hote rahate haiM.4 / / yajJa saMkhyA kI upayogitA ke prati sandeha kI bhAvanA AraNyaka kAla meM bhI utpanna ho gaI thI. tattvajJAnI ke liye AdhyAtmika yajJa kA vidhAna hone lagA thA. tattarIya AraNyaka meM likhA hai : 'brahma kA sAkSAtkAra pAne vAle vidvAn saMnyAsI ke liye yajJa kA yajamAna AtmA hai. antaHkaraNa kI zraddhA patnI hai. zarIra samidhA hai. hRdaya vedi hai. manyu-krodha pazu hai. tapa agni hai aura dama dakSiNA hai.5 ye svara itihAsa ke usa kAla meM prabala hue the, jaba zramaNa vicAra-dhArA karmakANDa ko Atma-vidyA se prabhAvita kara rahI thI. 1. vahI, zloka 14-26 2. mArkaNDeya purANa, adhyAya 10, zloka 27-28,32. evaM saMsAracakresminbhramatA tAta ! saMkaTe / jJAna metanmayA prAptaM, mokSa-samprApti kArakam / vijJAte yatra sarvoyaM, Rg yajuH sAma saMhitA / kriyA kalApo viguNo, na samyak pratibhAtime / tasmAd yAsyAmyaha tAtaH. tyaktavemAM du:khasantatim / trayI-dharma madharmADhaya. kiMpAkaphalasannibham / 3. mArkaNDeya purANa, adhyAya 10, zloka 34-42. jJAnadAna phalaM hyetad, yajjAti ramaNaM mama / nahya tat prApyate tAta ! trayIdharmAzritairnaraH / 42 / 4. muNDakopaniSad 1217, pRSTha 38. 5. taittarIya AraNyaka prapAThaka 10, anuvAka 64, bhAga 2 pRSTha 776. AUS.O R . 0 HINDI Jain Education E joinemirary.org
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________________ prAcArya muni zrIjinavijayajI vaizAlInAyaka ceTaka aura siMdhusauvIra kA rAjA udAyana [vikrama saMvat 1676 meM AcArya zrI jinavijayajI ne 'purAtattva' pu. 1 aM0 3 meM 'vaizAlInA gaNasattAka rAjyano nAyaka rAjA ceTaka' nAmaka lekha likhavAnA prArambha kiyA thA. samagra lekha eka pustaka hI bana jAtA aura tatkAlIna rAjanaitika itihAsa para jaina-bauddha sAhityika sAmagrI se nayA prakAza par3atA kintu durbhAgya se vaha adhUrA hI raha gayA. phira bhI isameM ceTaka aura udAyana ke sambandha meM nayA prakAza upalabdha hotA hai aura Aja 41 varSa ke bAda bhI vaha lekha navIna mAlUma hotA hai ataeva hama usakA hindI anuvAda yahA~ de rahe haiM.-sampAdaka] jaina-sAhitya meM vaizAlI ke rAjA ceTaka kA nAma kaI prakAroM se prasiddha hai. mahAvIra ke dharma kA mahAn upAsaka hone mAtra se hI yaha prasiddha nahIM thA kintu kaI anya vyAvahArika prasaMgoM se bhI isakI prasiddhi thI. isakI prasiddhi ke kaI kAraNoM meM pahalA kAraNa yaha thA ki isakA mahAvIra ke vaMza ke sAtha do prakAra kA saMbaMdha thA. eka mahAvIra kI mAtA trizalA isakI bahana hotI thI aura dUsarA mahAvIra ke jyeSTha bhrAtA naMdivardhana kI patnI, jisakA nAma jyeSThA thA, isakI putrI thI. jisa prakAra mahAvIra ke vaMza ke sAtha isakA kauTumbika saMbandha thA usI prakAra tatkAlIna bhArata ke prasiddha rAjAoM ke sAtha bhI isakA gADha sambandha thA. sindhusauvIra ke rAjA udAyana, avaMtI ke rAjA pradyota, kauzAmbI ke rAjA zatAnIka, caMpA ke rAjA dadhivAhana, aura magadha ke rAjA bimbisAra isake dAmAda hote the. jaina-sAhitya meM kuNika athavA koNika evaM bauddha sAhitya meM ajAtazatru ke nAma se prasiddha magadhasamrAT aura jaina, bauddha evaM hindu kathAsAhitya kA khyAtanAma pAtra vatsarAja udayana isake dauhitra the. sAtha hI bhArata ke tatkAlIna gaNataMtrAtmaka rAjyoM meM se eka pradhAna rAjyataMtra kA yaha viziSTa nAyaka bhI thA. jaina-paramparA ke anusAra AryAvarta kI sabase bar3I janasaMhAraka lar3AI ise lar3anI par3I thI, jisameM isakA pratipakSI isI kA nAtI magadharAja ajAtazatru thA. jaina-sAhitya meM itanI bar3I prasiddhi pAne vAle evaM usa samaya ke bhArata meM mahattvapUrNa sthAna prApta karane vAle, isa rAjA ke viSaya meM jaina sAhitya ke sivA anyatra kahIM bhI ullekha nahIM milatA. isI vajaha se Aja ke aitihAsikoM kA dhyAna isa ora AkarSita nahIM huA hai. brAhmaNa-sAhitya kI ora jaba hama dRSTipAta karate haiM taba usameM kahIM-kahIM tatkAlIna bhArata ke magadha, kausala, kauzAMbI aura avaMtI jaise rAjyataMtrAtmaka rAjyoM kA ullekha avazya milatA hai, kintu vaizAlI jaise sthAna kA, jisameM gaNataMtrAtmaka paddhati calatI thI, kahIM bhI ullekha nahIM milatA. bauddha sAhitya meM vaizAlI aura usa para Adhipatya rakhane vAlI 'licchavI' nAmaka kSatriya jAti kA bahuta kucha varNana AtA hai kintu isa sthAna aura samAja para sarvopari adhikAra rakhane vAle kisI khAsa vyakti-vizeSa kA nAma bauddha sAhitya meM nahIM AtA. Jain Eduation Internatione Forvate & Personale On wwyainelibrar og
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________________ 580 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya hindustAna ke aitihAsika yuga ke udgamakAla ke rUpa meM gine jAne vAle isa yuga ke itihAsa ke abhyAsiyoM kA dhyAna AkRSTa karane kI dRSTi se prastuta lekha meM, jainamatAnusAra vaizAlI ke gaNataMtrAtmaka rAjya ke rAjA mAne jAne vAle ceTaka aura usase saMbaMdhita rAjAoM ke viSaya meM jaina graMthoM meM prApta sAmagrI kA sArAtmaka aMza yahA~ prastuta kiyA jAtA hai. tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke vaMza ke sAtha ceTaka kA sambandha yaha pahale hI kahA jA cukA hai ki tIrthaMkara zrI mahAvIra kI mAtA trizalA-kSatriyANI ceTaka rAjA kI bahana thI. isakA sabase prAcIna pramANa jaina Agama Avazyaka-cUNi meM prApta hotA hai. isa cUNi kA racanAkAla abhI taka anirNIta hI hai phira bhI vaha vikrama kI AThavIM sadI me adhika arvAcIna nahIM hai, yaha nizcita hI hai. Avazyaka sUtra ke TIkAkAra haribhadra kA samaya vikrama saMvat 800 ke Asa-pAsa maiMne nizcita kiyA hai. (dekho jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka khaNDa 1, aMka 1, pRSTha 53) AcArya haribhadra ne apanI saMskRtaTIkA meM isa cuNise saikar3oM uddharaNa liye haiM, isase svataH pramANita hotA hai ki cUNi kA racanAkAla haribhadra se pUrva kA hai. isI cUrNi meM likhA hai ki mahAvIra kI mAtA trizalA ceTaka kI bahana thI aura trizalA ke bar3e putra 'nandivarddhana' kI patnI-mahAvIra kI bhaujAI, ceTaka kI putrI hotI thI. pATha yaha hai'bhagavato mAyA ceDagassa bhagiNI, bho (jA) yI ceDagassa dhUyA.' bhagavAn mahAvIra kI mAtA, ceTaka kI bhaginI,' bhaujAI ceTaka kI putrI" isa ullekha ko dhyAna meM rakhakara bAda ke graMthakAroM ne bhI kahIM-kahIM ceTaka ko mahAvIra ke mAtula (mAmA) hone kA ullekha kiyA hai. jaina AgamoM meM sabase prAcIna aura prathama Agama AcArAMga meM mahAvIra kI kucha jIvanI prApta hotI hai-usameM eka sthAna para mahAvIra kI mAtA kA eka nAma 'videhadinnA' bhI AtA hai. jaisA ki-'samaNassa NaM bhagavao mahAvIrassa ammA vAsiTThassa guttA tIse NaM tinni nAmadhijjA evamAhijjati taMjahA-tisalA i vA videhadinnA i vA piyakAriNI i vA" (AcArAMga Agamodaya samiti dvArA prakAzita pR0 422) zramaNa mahAvIra kI mAtA ke, jisakA vAziSTha gotra thA, isake tIna nAma the- eka trizalA, dUsarA videhadinnA aura tIsarA priyakAriNI. videhadinnA ke vyutpattyartha se yaha jAnA jAtA hai ki inakA janma videha ke rAjakula meM huA thA. mAtA ke isa kulasUcaka nAma se mahAvIra kA bhI eka nAma videhadinna thA jisakA ullekha AcArAMga sUtra ke uparyukta sUtra ke bAda turata hI AyA hai jaisA ki--"samaNe bhagavaM mahAvIre nAe nAyaputte nAyakulanivvatte videhe videhadinne videhajacce videhasUmAle" (pR0 422) ye donoM avataraNa kalpasUtra meM bhI haiM. vahA~ TIkAkAra videhadinna kI vyAkhyA isa prakAra karate haiM--'videhadinnA trizalA tasyA apatyaM vaidehadinnaH.' aba hama dekheMge ki vaizAlI videha kA hI eka bhAga thA, ataeva ceTaka ke vaMza ko videha-rAjakula kahA jAnA svAbhAvika hI hai. isa prakAra mahAvIra kI mAtA trizalA videha rAjakula ke ceTaka kI bahana hotI thI, yaha Avazyaka cUNi evaM AcArAMga sUtra ke ullekha se adhika spaSTa ho jAtA hai. trizalA ke bar3e putra aura mahAvIra ke bar3e bhAI naMdivarddhana kI patnI ceTaka kI putrI thI, yaha maiM Upara kaha AyA hUM. isakA bhI ullekha AvazyakacUrNi meM AtA hai ki ceTaka kI kisa lar3akI ne kisa rAjA ke sAtha vivAha kiyA hai. isake anusAra ceTaka kI sAta putriyAM thIM jinameM se chaha ke vivAha ho cuke the aura eka avivAhita hI rahI. ina chahoM meM 5 vI putrI jeSThA kA vivAha nandivarddhana ke sAtha huA thA. yaha ullekha isa prakAra hai-'jeTThA kuMDaggAme vaddhamANasAmiNo jeTThassa nandivaddhaNassa dinnA' jeSThA (nAma kI kanyA) ko kuNDagrAma meM varddhamAna (mahAvIra kA mUla nAma) svAmI ke jeSTha (bandhu) nandivarddhana ko dI thI. isakA ullekha AcArya hemacandra ne apane mahAvIracaritra meM bhI kiyA hai : 1. dekho-kalpasUtra, dharmasAgara gaNi kRta kiraNAvalI TIkA pR0 124 ceTaka mahArAjasya bhagavanmAtulasya. 2. kalpakiraNAvalI dharmasAgara kRta pR0563, kalpasubodhikA vinaya vajaya kRta pR0 144, ICCCES. Jair Edcats lodnabrary.org
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________________ prAcArya muni jinavijaya : vaizAlInAyaka ceTaka aura siMdhusauvIra kA rAjA udAyana : 581 kuNDagrAmAdhinAthasya nandivaddhanabhUbhujaH , zrIvIranAthajeSThastha, jeSThA dattA yathAruciH ! zrI mahAvIra ke bar3e bhrAtA kA nAma nandivardhana thA. isakA spaSTa ullekha AcArAMga aura kalpasUtra jaise mUla sUtroM meM AyA hai. yathA-'samaNassa bhagavao mahAvIrassa jiThe bhAyA naMdivaddharaNe kAsavagutteNaM (AcArAMga pR0 422, kalpasUtra meM bhI yahI pATha hai) (kucha dezoM aura jAtiyoM meM mAmA kI kanyA para bhAnaje kA prathama haka hotA hai. yaha prathA bahuta samaya pahale kI hai. Aja bhI mahArASTra kI kucha jAtiyoM meM isa prathA kA pracalana hai. Avazyaka sUtra kI TokA meM haribhadra sUri ne 'dezakathA' ke varNana meM eka purAnI gAthA dI hai jisameM kahA gayA hai ki deza--deza ke rIti rivAja alaga-alaga huA karate haiM. eka deza meM jo vastu gamya yA svIkArya hotI hai vahI vastu dUsare pradeza meM agamya yA asvIkArya ho jAtI hai. jaise-aMga aura lATa deza meM loga mAtuladuhitA-mAmA kI lar3akI ko gamya mAnate haiM kintu gor3a deza meM use bahana mAna kara agamya samajhate haiM. vaha gAthA yaha hai : chaMdo gammAgammaM jaha mAuladuhiyamaMgalADANaM, annesiM sA bhagiNI, golAINaM agammA u ! jisa prakAra mahAvIra ke mAmA kI putrI ne apanI phUphI ke lar3ake nandivarddhana ke sAtha vivAha kiyA thA usI prakAra khuda mahAvIra kI putrI priyadarzanA ne bhI apanI sagI phUphI sudarzanA ke lar3ake jamAli nAmaka kSatriyakumAra se vivAha kiyA thA. isakA ullekha aneka prAcIna aura arvAcIna granthoM meM hai. Avazyaka sUtra ke bhASya TIkA aura cUNi meM bhI yahI bAta milatI hai. jaisA ki-'kuMDalapuraM nagaraM tattha jamAlI sAmissa bhAiNijjo-tassa bhajjA sAmissa duhitA' (haribhadrakRta AvazyakasUtra TIkA pR0 312). bhArata ke dUsare rAjAoM ke sAtha ceTaka kA kauTumbika saMbaMdha maiM pahale hI kaha AyA hUM ki ceTaka kI kula sAta putriyAM thIM jinameM se eka kumArikA hI rahI aura zeSa chahoM ne apane samaya ke khyAtanAma rAjAoM ke sAtha vivAha kiyA thA, jisakA ullekha AvazyakacUNi meM isa prakAra hai : 'eto ya vesAlIe nagarIe ceDao rAyA heya kulasaMbhUo. tassa devINaM aNNamaNNANaM satta dhUtAo. pabhAvatI, paumAvatI, migAvatI, sivA, jeTThA, sujeSThA cellaNa tti. so ceDao sAvao paravivAhakaraNassa paccakkhAtaM. dhUtAo Na deti kassa tti. tAo mAti missagAo rAyaM ApucchittA aNNAsa acchitakANaM sarisagAnaM deti. pabhAvatI vItibhae uddAyaNassa diNNA, paumAvatI caMpAe dadhivAhaNassa, migAvatI kosaMbIe satANiyassa, sivA ujjeNIe pajjotassa, jeTThA kuMDaggAme vaddha mANasAmiNo jeTThassa NadivaddhaNassa diNNA. sujeTThA cellaNAya devakArio acchaMti.2 haihaya kulotpanna vaizAlI ke rAjA ceTaka kI alaga-alaga rAniyoM se sAta putriyAM huIM--prabhAvatI, padmAvatI, mRgAvatI, zivA, jeSThA sujeSThA tathA celanA. rAjA zrAvaka thA. use paravivAhakaraNa kA pratyAkhyAna thA. isalie vaha apanI putriyoM kA bhI vivAha nahIM karatA thA. taba rAniyoM ne rAjA kI anumati lekara apanI putriyoM ke sadRza rAjAoM ke sAtha unakA vivAha kara diyA. inameM prabhAvatI kA vivAha vItibhaya ke rAjA udAyana ke sAtha, mRgAvatI kA kozAMbI ke rAjA zatAnika ke sAtha, zivA kA ujjayinI ke rAjA pradyota ke sAtha, padmAvatI kA caMpA ke rAjA dadhivAhana ke sAtha aura jeSThA kA kuNDagrAmavAsI mahAvIra ke jeSTha bhrAtA nandivardhana ke sAtha huA thA. sujeSThA aura celanA abhI kuMvArI thI. AcArya hemacandra ke mahAvIracaritra meM bhI yahI bAta hai : 1. 'triSaSThizalAkApuruSacaritra' dasavAM parva, pR0 77 (prakAzaka bhAva nagara jainadharma prasAraka sabhA). 2. Avazyaka cUrNi, Avazyaka haribhadrIya TIkA pR0 676-7. Here NEW Jain Edu CHUUUMINADhaulve HamsVAMITRASINILA SUTRATIHUMAHATTARTURESHAmibrary.org EMAILa titateur-showLARAAVATMANAS
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________________ 582 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya itazca vasudhAvadhvA maulimANikyasannibhA, vezAlIti zrIvizAlA nagaryasti garIyasI / pAkhaMDala ivAkhaNDazAsanaH pRthivIpatiH, ceTIkRtAribhUpAlastatra ceTaka ityabhUt / pRthagrAjJI bhavAstasya, babhUvuH sapta kanyakAH, saptAnAmapi tadrAjyAMgAnAM sapteva devatAH / prabhAvatI padmAvatI magAvatI zivApi ca, jeSThA tathaiva sujeSThA cillaNA ceti tAH kramAt / ceTakastu zrAvako'nyavivAhaniyamaM vahan , dadau kanyA na kasmaicidudAsIna iva sthitaH / tanmAtara udAsInamapi hyApucchaya ceTakam , varANAmanurUpANAM pradaduH paMca kanyakAH / prabhAvatI vItabhayezvarodAyanabhUpateH, padmAvatI tu caMpeza - dadhivAhanabhUbhujaH / kozAmbIza - zatAnIkanRpasya tu mRgAvatI, zivA tUjjayinIzasya pradyotapRthivIpateH / kuNDagrAmAdhinAthasya nandivarddhanabhUbhujaH, zrIvIranAthajyeSThasya jyeSThA dattA yathAruciH / sujyeSThA cillaNA cApi kumAryAveva tasthatuH, rUpazriyopamAbhUte te dve eva parasparam / antima do putriyAM, jo kuMvArI thIM, unameM se eka cillaNA kA vivAha magadha ke samrAT zreNika ke sAtha kisa prakAra huA aura dUsarI sujeSThA jaina sAdhvI kaise banI, usa para Age vicAra kiyA jAyagA. jyeSThA kintu vaya kI dRSTi se kaniSThA kA jo vivaraNa Upara diyA gayA hai isase adhika jainagraMthoM meM usake viSaya meM jAnakArI upalabdha nahIM hotI. prabhAvatI yaha ceTaka kI prathama putrI hai. isane vItibhaya ke rAjA udAyana ke sAtha vivAha kiyA thA. udAyana ke jIvana kI kucha, jhAMkiyAM kaI jaina-graMthoM meM milatI haiM. unameM sabase purAnA ullekha jaina sUtra bhagavatIsUtra zataka 13 veM ke chaThe uddeza meM isa prakAra hai: teNaM kAleNaM teNaM samaeNaM siMdhusovIresu jaNavaesu vItibhaye nAma nagare hotthA. tassa NaM vItibhayassa nagarassa bahiyA uttarapuracchime disIbhAe ettha NaM miyavaNaM nAma ujjANe hotthA. tattha NaM vItibhaye nagare udAyaNe nAmaM rAyA hotthA...tassa... ranno pabhAvatI nAma devI hotthA. tassa NaM udAyaNassa ratno putte prabhAvatIdevIe attae abhIti nAma kumAre hotthA. ... tassa NaM udAyaNassa ranno niyae bhAyaNejje kesI nAma kumAre hotthA. se NaM udAyaNe rAyA siMdhusovIrappAmokkhANaM solasaNheM jaNavayANaM vItibhayappAmokkhANaM tiNhaM tesaTThINaM nagarAgarasayANa mahAseNappAmokkhANaM dasaNhaM rAINaM baddhamauDANaM vidinnachattacAmaravAlavIyaNANaM annesiM ca bahUNaM rAisaratalavara jAva satthavAhappabhiINaM AhevaccaM jAva kAremANe pAlemAraNe samaNovAsae abhigayajIvAjIve jAva viharai. usa kAla usa samaya sindhusauvIra nAma ke janapada meM vItibhaya nAma kA nagara thA. usa nagara ke bAhara uttara-pUrva meM mRgavana nAma kA eka udyAna thA. usa nagara meM udAyana nAma kA rAjA rAjya karatA thA. usakI prabhAvatI nAma kI rAnI thI aura abhIti nAma kA putra thA. usakA kezIkumAra nAma kA bhAnajA thA. usa rAjA kA sindhusauvIra Adi solaha janapadoM para, vI tibhaya Adi tIna sau (tiresaTha) nagaroM para, saikar3oM khadAnoM para, mukuTabaddha dasa rAjAoM para evaM aneka rakSakoM, daNDanAyakoM, seThoM, sArthavAhoM para adhikAra thA. vaha zramaNopAsaka thA. jainazAstra pratipAdita jIvAdi tatvoM kA jAnakAra thA. ityAdi.... isa sUtra se yaha nizcita ho jAtA hai ki prabhAvatI kA vivAha udAyana se huA thA. AvazyakacUNi kA uparokta kathana bhI isI prAcIna sUtraparamparA para AdhArita hai. uparokta sUtra meM mahAsena Adi dasa mukuTabaddha rAjAoM para udAyana kA adhikAra thA, yaha vAkya aitihAsika dRSTi se bahuta mahattva rakhatA hai, mahAsena ke sivA anya nau AjJAMkita rAjA kauna the yaha kisI bhI jaina graMtha meM nahIM milatA. kintu mahAsena udAyana kA AjJAMkita rAjA kaise banA, isakA kaI jaina graMthoM meM vivaraNa prApta hotA hai. yaha mahAsena aura koI nahIM, itihAsaprasiddha avaMtI kA rAjA caMDapradyota hI thA. isI kA ANMA Jain Edition in melibrary.org
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________________ prAcArya munijinavijaya : vaizAlInAyaka ceTaka aura siMdhusauvIra kA rAjA udAyana : 583 apara nAma mahAsena hai. udAyana ne mahAsena para kina kAraNoM se car3AI kI thI, use kisa prakAra parAjita kara dasapura le AyA thA aura dasapura kI utpatti kisa prakAra huI, usakA sArA vRtAnta Avazyaka cUNi meM hai jisakA sArAtmaka aMza yaha hai: "eka samaya kucha musAphira samudra kI yAtrA karate the. usa samaya meM joroM kA tUphAna AyA jisake kAraNa jahAja DAMvADola ho gayA. vaha Age bar3hatA hI nahIM thA. isa avasthA se loga ghabarA gaye. logoM kI yaha sthiti dekhakara eka deva ke dila meM unake prati dayA AI. usane jahAja ko tUphAna se nikAla kara eka surakSita jagaha pahuMcA diyA. deva ne svanirmita candanakASTha kI pratimA, jo kASThapeTikA meM banda thI, unheM dI aura kahA-yaha bhagavAn mahAvIra kI kASTa pratimA hai. yaha mahAprabhAvazAlI hai. isake prabhAva se Apa loga sahI-salAmata samudrayAtrA pUrI kara sakeMge. itanA kaha deva calA gayA. kucha dinoM ke bAda jahAja sindhusauvIra ke kinAre para pahu~cA. logoM ne vaha mUrti vItibhaya ke rAjA udAyana ko bheTa meM dI. udAyana aura usakI rAnI prabhAvatI ne apane hI mahala meM mandira kA nirmANa kara usameM vaha mUrti sthApita kI aura usakI pratidina pUjA-bhakti karane lagI. rAjA pahale to tApasadharmI thA, dhIre-dhIre usakI usa mUrti kI ora zraddhA bar3hane lagI. eka dina rAnI prabhAvatI mUrti ke sAmane nRtya kara rahI thI aura udAyana vINA bajAtA thA. usa samaya rAjA nRtya karatI huI rAnI prabhAvatI ke deha ko vinA mastaka ke dekhakara adhIra ho uThA aura usake hAtha se bINA kA gaja chUTa gayA. vINA bajanI baMda ho gaI. sahasA bINA ko banda dekhakara rAnI krodha meM Akara bolI-'kyA maiM kharAba nRtya kara rahI thI jo Apane vINA bajAnA hI baMdakara diyA? udAyana ne rAnI ke bAra bAra Agraha se satya bAta kaha dI. udAyana se yaha bAta suna vaha socane lagI-"aba merA AyuSya alpa hai, ataH mujhe apanA zreya karanA cAhie." usane udAyana se dIkSA lene kI AjJA mAMgI. lekina rAnI ke prati adhika anurAga hone se usane AjJA nahIM dI. kintu rAnI ke utkaTa vairAgya ko dekhakara anta meM eka zarta ke sAtha use pravrajyA kI AjJA dedI. vaha zarta yaha thI ki 'agara mere pahale hI svarga calI jAo to deva bana kara mujhe pratibodhita karane ke liye avazya AnA hogA. usane zarta mAna lI. prabhAvatI dIkSita ho gaI. rAnI mara kara deva banI aura usane apanI pUrva pratijJA ke anusAra rAjA ko sadbodha diyA aura rAjA adhika dharmaniSTha banA. rAnI kI mRtyu ke bAda mahAvIra kI mUrti kI dekhabhAla aura pUjA eka kubjA dAsI karane lagI. isa pratimA kI khyAti dUra-dUra taka phailI huI thI, aura loga dUra-dUra se usake darzana ke liye Ate the. eka bAra gaMdharva deza kA koI zrAvaka pratimA ke darzana ke liye AyA. dAsI ne usa zrAvaka kI sevA khUba kI. zrAvaka dAsI kI bhakti-bhAva se evaM sevA zuzrUSA se atyanta prasanna huA aura usase saMtuSTa hokara use manovAMchita phala dene vAlI bahuta sI goliyA~ dI. goliyoM ke bhakSaNa se dAsI kA kubar3Apana miTa gayA aura use apUrva sauMdarya milA. zarIra sone kI kAMti kI taraha camakane lagA. sone jaisA zarIra hone se ise loga suvarNaguTikA kahane lage,--survarNaguTikA ke daivI sauMdarya kI bAta pradyota ke kAnoM taka pahuMca gaI. vaha usa para mugdha ho gayA. idhara dAsI bhI pradyota se prema karatI thI. usane ujjainI ke rAjA pradyota ke pAsa eka dUta bhejA. dUta ne pradyota se jAkara kahA-suvarNaguTikA Apase prema karatI hai aura Apako bulAtI hai. rAjA pradyota avasara pAkara eka dina apane nalagiri hAthI para car3hakara turanta AyA. donoM eka dUsare ko pAkara bahuta prasanna hue. pradyota suvarNaguTikA ko aura mahAvIra kI pratimA ko lekara rAtoMrAta vApisa lauTa gayA. dAsI jAte samaya vaisI hI eka dUsarI pratimA taiyAra karavAkara usake sthAna para rakhatI gaI. prAtaHkAla rAjA ke sipAhiyoM ne dekhA ki mArga para nalagiri hAthI kI lIda aura mUtra par3e haiM jisakI gaMdha se nagara ke hAthI unmatta ho uThe haiM. thor3I dUra calane para unheM nalagiri ke padacihna dikhAI par3e. itane meM mAlUma huA ki rAjA kI dAsI lApatA hai aura candana kI pratimA ke sthAna para koI dUsarI pratimA rakkhI huI hai. yaha samAcAra jaba rAjA udAyana ke pAsa pahu~cA to use bahuta krodha AyA. usane pradyota ke pAsa samAcAra bhejA ki dAsI kI mujhe cintA nahIM, tuma candana kI pratimA lauTA do. parantu pradyota pratimA dene ko taiyAra nahIM huA. udAyana apanI JainEducacs Prorary.org
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________________ 584 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya vizAla senA ke sAtha ujjainI para car3hAI karane ke liye cala par3A. usa samaya jeTha mahInA cala rahA thA. mArga meM pAnI nahIM milane se udAyana kI senA ko bahuta kaSTa uThAnA par3A. jaba vaha puSkaraNA pradeza meM AyA taba kahIM jAkara zAMti milI. vahA~ kucha samaya taka vizrAma karane ke bAda pUrI taiyArI ke sAtha ujjainI para car3hAI kara dI. idhara pradyota ne bhI apanI taiyArI kara lI thI. donoM senAoM meM dhanaghora yuddha hone lagA. kucha samaya bAda donoM rAjAoM ko khyAla AyA ki vyartha hI prajA kA dhvaMsa karane se kyA lAbha ? kyoM na hama donoM hI paraspara yuddha kareM ? donoM ne eka dUsare ko dUta dvArA saMdeza bhejA. donoM isa bAta para rAjI ho gaye. sAtha hI donoM ne ratha para baiTha kara yuddha karane kA nizcaya kiyA. kintu yuddha ke maidAna meM pradyota ratha ke bajAya apane prasiddha nalagiri hAthI para baiTha kara lar3ane AyA. udAyana caNDapradyota kI dhUrtatA ko pahacAna gayA. aba donoM meM kAphI samaya taka yuddha hotA rahA udAyana ne apane bANoM se hAthI ke paira ko bIMdha diyA jisase vaha ghAyala hokara jamIna para gira par3A aura pradyota pakar3A gayA. udAyana ke sainika pradyota ko bandI banAkara apane zivira meM le Aye aura 'dAsIpati pradyota' zabdoM se usakA mastaka aMkita kara diyA. udAyana pradyota ko kaida karake vItibhaya lauTa calA, mArga meM varSA Rtu prArambha ho gaI. varSA kA samaya vyatIta karane ke liye udAyana ne eka acche sthala para apanI chAvanI DAla dI. senA ko dasa vibhAgoM meM vibhakta kara usakI alagaalaga chAvaniyA~ banAI. sAtha hI senA kI surakSA ke liye cAroM ora miTTI kI dIvAreM khar3I kara dI. udAyana jo bhojana karatA thA vaha pradyota ko bhI diyA jAtA thA. paryuSaNa parva AyA. una dina rasoiye ne pradyota se pUchA-mahArAja, Aja Apa kyA khAyeMge ? pradyota ne samajhA ki Aja mujhe bhojana meM jahara diyA jAne vAlA hai tabhI to mujhe akele khAne kA nimaMtraNa diyA jA rahA hai. usane rasoIye se kahA-'Aja kyoM pUcha rahe ho' uttara milA, 'Aja pardUSaNa hone se udAyana rAjA ko upavAsa hai. isalie Aja Apake liye hI bhojana banegA' pradyota ne kahA 'to Aja merA bhI upavAsa hai. jaba udAyana ne yaha sunA to vaha pradyota kI dhUtaMtA para bahuta ha~sA. usane socA, aisA paryuSaNa manAne se kyA lAbha jisameM hRdaya kI zuddhatA nahIM ? udAyana ne use apane pAsa bulAyA aura hRdaya se use kSamA dAna diyA. use usakA rAjya punaH lauTAkara mukta kara diyA aura usakA mastaka suvarNapaTTa se vibhUSita kara use AdarapUrvaka vidA kara diyA. varSAkAla ke bItane para vahA~ se udAyana cala par3A aura apanI senA ke sAtha vApisa apane nagara lauTa AyA. udAyana ne jisa sthala para apanI senAoM kI dasa vibhAgoM meM chAvaniyA~ DAla rakkhI thI, vahA~ para una senAoM ko rasada pahuMcAne ke liye Asa pAsa ke vyApAriyoM ne bhI apane-apane par3Ava DAla rakkhe the, senA ke cale jAne ke bAda ve vyApArIgaNa vahIM sthAyI rUpa se basa gaye aura vaha sthala dasapura ke nAma se prasiddha huA.' 1. Avazyaka cUrNi pR0 296-300 madhya pradeza ke 'maMdasaura' zahara ko dazapura kahA jAtA hai. maMdasaura kA nAma purAne lekhoM meM 'dazapura' likhA jAtA thA. 'dazapura' kA nAma maMdasaura kaise par3A, isa viSaya meM DA0 phlITane Corpus Inescriptionum indiarum nAmaka graMtha ke tIsare bhAga meM isa prakAra likhA hai : "isa gAMva ko indaura taka ke aura Asa pAsa ke grAmINa loga mandasaura ke bajAya, 'dazora' hI kahate haiM. lagabhaga Der3ha sau varSa pUrva likhI gaI atratya aura phArasI bhASA kI sanadoM meM bhI 'dazora kA hI prayoga kiyA hai. jisa prakAra belagAMva jile ke 'ugaragola' aura 'saMpagAma' ko paMDita loga kramazaH 'nakhapura' aura 'ahipura' likhate haiM vaise hI yahA~ ke paMDita dazapura kA hI prayoga karate haiM. inakA mUla nAma saMskRta meM thA yA mUla grAmINa nAmoM ko paNDitoM ne saMskRta meM banA DAlA, yaha zaMkAspada hI hai. pahale isa sthala para paurANika rAjA dazaratha' kA nagara thA." aisA sthAnIya loga kahate haiM. agara yaha kathana satya hai to isa gAMva kA nAma 'dazarathora' honA cAhie. vastuta isakA sahI artha yaha bhI ho sakatA hai jaise--isa samaya isa nagara meM Asa pAsa ke khilacIpura, jaMkupurA, rAmapuriyA, candrapurA, bAlAgaMja Adi bAraha teraha gAMvoM kA samAveza huA hai, vaisA hI dasa gAMvoM (pura) kA samAveza hone se yaha dazapura ke nAma se prasiddha ho gayA ho. JainE
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________________ zrAcArya munijinavijaya : vaizAlInAyaka ceTaka aura siMdhusauvIra kA rAjA udAyana : 585 isa prakAra mahAsena pradyota ko vItabhaya ke udAyana kA AjJAMkita mAnA jAtA hai. ++++++ udAyana kA pichalA jIvana udAyana ke rAjakIya jIvana sambandhI ullikhita sArI ghaTanAe~ bAda ke jaina-graMthoM meM milatI haiM. bhagavatI jaise mUla Agama meM udAyana ke viSaya meM kevala itanA hI varNana milatA hai : eka bAra bhagavAn mahAvIra vItibhaya padhAre. udAyana rAjA unake darzana ke liye gayA aura unakA upadeza sunakara usane pravrajyA lene kA vicAra kiyA. pravrajyA lene ke pUrva usake mana meM eka vilakSaNa vicAra AyA. usane socA-'prAyaH rAjyaprApti hone para loga durvyasanI ho jAte haiM aura durvyasanI loga mara kara naraka meM jAte haiM. kahIM merA putra 'abhIti' rAjya pAkara durvyasanI na bana jAya aura mara kara narakavAsI na ho jAya. yaha socakara usane apane putra abhItikumAra ko rAjya na dekara apane bhAnaje kezIkumAra ko rAjya diyA aura pravajyA grahaNa kI. pitA ke isa vyavahAra se abhItikumAra bahuta kruddha huA aura vaha apanA sArA sAmAna lekara mausere bhAI koNika ke pAsa 'caMpA' calA gayA aura vahIM rahane lagA. pitA ke sAtha usakI vairavRtti AjIvana rahI aura vaha vahIM mara gayA. isa viSayaka bhagavatI sUtra kA pATha yaha hai : 'tae NaM se udAyaNe rAyA samaNa sa bhagavo mahAvIrassa aMtiyaM dhamma soccA nisamma hahatu? uTThAe uThei 2 ttA samaNaM bhagavaM mahAvIraM tikkhutto jAva namaMsittA evaM vayAsI-evameyaM bhaMte ! tahameyaM bhaMte ! jAva se jaheyaM tujhe vadahatti kaTu jaM navaraM devAnuppiyA......ahaM devANuppiyANaM aMtie muMDe bhavittA jAva pabvayAmi ........tae NaM tassa udAyaNassa ranno ayabheyArUve abhatthie jAva samuSpajjitthA evaM khalu abhII kumAre mamaM ege putte iTTe kate jAva kimagaM puNa pAsaNyAe? taM jati NaM ahaM abhII kumAraM rajje ThAvittA samaNassa bhagavano mahAvIrassa aMtiyaM muMDe bhavittA jAva pavvayAmi to NaM abhII kumAre rajje ya ra? ya jAva jaNavae mANussaesu ya kAmabhogesu mucchie giddha gaDhie amova kintu maMdasaura nAma jo isa samaya ke nakzoM Adi meM prasiddha hai, isakI asaliyata ko abhI taka koI samajha nahIM sakA. hAM DAkTara bhagavAnalAla indra jI ne eka bAra mujhase kahA thA ki-'isakA nAma maMda-dasapura par3A hogA.' 'maMda' arthAt dukhI banA huA. musalamAnoM ne isa zahara kI aura hindU devAlayoM kI bar3I durdazA kI thI. isI vajaha se Aja bhI nAgara brAhmaNa yahA~ kA pAnI nahIM pIte. 'eka bAra maiMne yahA~ ke eka paMDita se isa gAMva kA asalI nAma pUchA thA. taba usane batAyA thA ki isa gAMva kA mannadazaura' bhI nAma thA. isa sambandha meM mi0 epha0 esa0 grAuka kI sUcanA bhI kAphI mahattva rakhatI hai. ve kahate haiM kimaMdasaura meM do gAMvoM kA samAveza hotA hai. eka 'mad' aura dUsarA 'dazaura'. mad jise Aja 'aphajhalapura' kahate haiM, jo maMdasaura se dakSiNa pUrva meM gyAraha mIla dUrI para hai. aisA kahA jAtA hai ki-'mad' gAMva ke hindudevAlayoM ko tor3a kara unake pattharoM se yahA~ kA kilA banAyA gayA thA. isalie maMdasaura yaha nAma par3A ho. jo bhI ho, sahI bAta kA to 'dazapuramahAtmya' nAmaka pustaka se hI patA laga sakatA hai. yaha pustaka mujhe dekhane ko nahIM milI. isa lekha ke sivA uSavadAna ke nAzika ke eka prAcIna lekha kI tIsarI paMkti meM 'dazapura' aisA saMskRta nAma AyA hai. (dekho ArkI0 sarve0 vaisTa i0 pu0 4 pR0 51, 66 panne 52, naM0 5) tathA maMdasora ke bhI eka dUsare lekhameM bhI yahI nAma dekhane meM AtA hai. isakI tithi vikrama saMvat 1321 (I0sa0 1264-65) guruvAra bhAdrapada zuklA paMcamI hai. yaha lekha kile ke pUrva tarapha ke pravezadvAra ke andara ke daravAje ke bAIM ora bhIta para cune hue eka zveta patthara para aMkita hai. tathA vRhad saMhitA 14, 11, 16 (dekho karNa kA anuvAda jarna0 saM0 ai0 so0 naoN0 saM0 pu0 5 pR0 83) ke avanti ke sAtha isI nAma kA ullekha kiyA hai. Jain Bus-library.org
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________________ 586 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya / varaNe aNAdIyaM aNavadaggaM dIhamada cAuraMtasaMsArakatAraM aNupariyaTissai. taM no khalu me seyaM abhIIkumAra rajje ThAvettA samaNassa bhagavavo mahAvIrassa jAva pavaittae, seyaM khalu me niyagaM bhAiNejja kesikumAra rajje ThAvettA samaNassa bhagavazro jAva pabvaittae, evaM saMpehei......tae NaM se kesIkumAre rAyA jAe mahayA jAva viharati. tae NaM se udAyaNe rAyA sayameva paMcamuTThiyaM loyaM jAva savva dukkhappahINe. tae NaM tassa abhIissa kumArassa annadA kayAi pundharattAvarattakAlasamayAMsi kuDumbajAgariyaM jAgaramANassa ayameyArUve abhathie jAva samuppajjityA-evaM khalu ahaM udAyaNassa putte prabhAvatI devIe attae, tae NaM se udAyaNe rAyA mamaM avahAya niyagaM bhANijjaM kesikumAra rajje ThAvettA samaNassa jAva pabbaie. imeNaM eyArUveNaM mahayA appattieNaM maNomANasieNaM dukkheNaM abhibhUe samANe aMtapura--pariyAlasaMparivur3e sabhaMDamattovagaraNamAe vItIbhayAno nayarAzro paDiniggacchati--jeNeva caMpA nayarI jeNeva kuNie rAyA teNeva uvAgacchati---kuNiyarAyaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharai. tae NaM se abhIyI kumAre samaNovAsae yAvi hotthA abhigaya jAba viharai--' (bhagavatI sUtra pR0 618-20) udAyana kI mRtyu Avazyaka cUNi, TIkA Adi graMthoM meM udAyana kI mRtyuviSayaka vivaraNa isa prakAra hai : udAyana rAjA ke dIkSA lene ke bAda rUkhe-sUkhe AhAra se zarIra meM vyAdhi utpanna ho gaI. vaidyoM ne unheM dahI khAne ko kahA. isake liye ve vraja meM hI rahane lage. eka samaya ve vItibhaya gaye. vahAM unakA bhAnajA kezIkumAra rAjya karatA thA. yaha rAjya inhoMne use diyA thA. kezIkumAra ko usake duSTa maMtriyoM ne bharamA diyA ki 'yaha udAyana bhikSu-jIvana se Ubakara aba punaH rAjya prApta karanA cAhatA hai.' isa para kezIkumAra ne kahA--agara aisA hI hai to maiM unheM rAjya de dUMgA. isa para maMtriyoM ne kahA-'milA huA rAjya kahIM isa prakAra diyA jAtA hai ?' lambe samaya taka maMtriyoM ne use khuba samajhAyA aura rAjya na dene ke liye rAjI kiyA. kezIkumAra ne maMtriyoM se pUchA to aba kyA upAya karanA cAhie ? maMtriyoM ne kahA-jahara dekara ise mAra DAlanA cAhie. isa prakAra kezIkumAra ne eka gopAlaka ke jariye dahI meM jahara DalavA kara udAyana ko khilA diyA. jisase udAyana kI mRtyu ho gaI. udAyana muni kI isa prakAra kI mRtyu se unake eka mitra deva ko atyanta krodha AyA aura sAtha hI kezIkumAra kI isa kRtaghnatA para bhI vaha atyanta krodhita huA. usane dhUla barasA kara sAre nagara ko naSTa kara diyA. isa nagara-pralaya meM kevala eka kumbhakAra bacA jisane rAjAjJA kI upekSA kara udAyana muni ko Azraya diyA thA. deva ne ise uThAkara sinavallI nAmaka sthAna meM rakha diyA. bAda meM isI sthala para isI ke nAma kA eka nagara basA thA. vItabhaya pattana dhUliprakSepa ke kAraNa chipa gayA aura Aja bhI vahAM dhUli kI bar3I rAzi maujUda hai. 1. Avazyaka sUtra TIkA pR0 537-7 dekho, prAkRta kathAsaMgrahagata udAyana kI kathA : AcArya hemacandra ne, mahAvIra ke samaya kI ghaTita ghaTanAoM ko tatkAlIna graMthoM evaM anuzrutiyoM se saMgrahIta kara mahAvIra caritra meM vyavasthita kiyA hai. udAyana sambandhI ullikhita sabhI bAteM likhane ke sAtha-sAtha unhoMne eka naI ghaTanA kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai. vItibhaya pattana kA devakopa se nAza hone ke bAda candana kI vaha mUrti vahIM para dhUla ke Dhera meM daba gaI thI. usa mUrti kA AcArya hemacandra ke upadeza se kumArapAla rAjA ne uddhAra kiyA aura pATana meM lAkara usakI eka bhavya mandira meM pratiSThA kI. isI ghaTanA se yaha nizcita ho jAtA hai ki vItibhaya kA uddhvasta sthAna AcArya hemacandra se aparicita nahIM thA. isa uddhvasta sthAna meM unheM eka mUrti milI thI aura usakI pratiSThA pATana meM rAjA kumArapAla se karavAI thI. isa ghaTanA para vizvAsa karane se yaha aitihAsika tathya avazya prakaTa hotA hai. isI mUrti ke prasaMga meM AcArya hemacandra ne gujarAta kI gauravazAlI rAjadhAnI pATana aura kumArapAla kA jo AlaMkArika zabdoM meM varNana diyA hai vaha lambA hone para bhI atyanta upayogI siddha hogA isa dRSTi se yahAM diyA jA rahA hai Jain Educatiom matio Srivate&Persohardse Orily
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________________ AcArya muni jinavijaya : vaizAlInAyaka ceTaka aura siMdhusauvIra kA rAjA udAyana : 587 udAyana kI mRtyu kI yaha paramparA ati prAcIna hai--aisA lagatA hai. kyoMki Avazyaka sUtra niyukti meM isa kathA kA mUla upalabdha hotA hai. isa sUtra kI niyukti kI racanA bhadrabAhu ne kI hai, aisA kahA jAtA hai, aura paramparA unakA 'abhayakumAra bhagavAn se prazna karatA hai- 'bhagavan ! Apane kahA thA ki yaha pratimA pRthvI meM daba jAyagI to kaba prakaTa hogI ?' bhagavAn bole --- 'he abhaya ! saurASTra, lATa, aura gurjara deza kI sImA para anahilapura nAma kA eka nagara basegA. vaha nagara AryabhUmi kA ziromaNi, kalyANa kA sthAna aura Arhata dharma kA eka chatra rUpa tIrtha hogA. vahAM ke caityoM kI ratnamayI nirmala pratimAeM naMdIzvara Adi sthAnoM kI pratimAoM kI satyatA ko batAne vAlI hoMgI. prakAzamAna suvarNakalazoM kI zreNiyoM se jinake zikhara alaMkRta haiM aise mAnoM sAkSAt sUrya hI Akara vizrAma kara rahA ho aisA vaha nagara suzobhita hogA. vahAM ke loga prAyaH zrAvaka hoMge aura atithisaMvibhAga karake hI bhojana kareMge. dUsaroM kI saMpatti meM IrSyA rahita, svasaMpatti meM santuSTa aura sadA pAtradAna meM rata aisI vahAM kI prajA hogI. alakApurI ke yakSoM kI taraha vahAM ke bahuta se zrAvaka dhanADhya hoMge. ve arhadbhakta bana kara sAtoM kSetroM meM dhana kA vyaya kareMge. suSamA kAla kI taraha vahAM ke loga para dhana aura parastrI se vimukha hoMge. he abhayakumAra ! mere nirvANa ke bAda solaha sau unasattara varSa ke bItane para usa nagara meM caulukya vaMza meM candra ke samAna pracaNDa parAkramI akhaNDa zAsana vAlA kumArapAla nAma kA dharmavIra, yuddhavIra, dAnavIra rAjA hogA. vaha mahAtmA pitA kI taraha prajA kA pAlaka hogA aura unheM samRddhizAlI banAegA. sarala hone para bhI ati catura, zAnta hone para bhI AjJA dene meM indra ke samAna, kSamAvAn hone para bhI aghRSya, aisA vaha rAjA cirakAla taka isa pRthvI para rAjya karegA. jaise upAdhyAya apane ziSyoM ko vidvAn aura zikSita banAtA hai vaisA hI vaha apanI prajA ko bhI vidvAn suzikSita aura dharmaniSTha banAegA. vaha zaraNArthiyoM ko zaraNa dene vAlA hogA. paranAriyoM ke liye vaha sahodara bhAI hogA. dharma ko prANa aura dhana se bhI adhika mAnane vAlA hogA. parAjamI, dharmAtmA, dayAlu evaM sabhI puruSaguNoM se zreSTha hogA. uttara meM turkastAna taka, pUrva meM gaMgA nadI taka, dakSiNa meM vindhyagiri taka aura pazcima meM samudra taka kI pRthvI para usakA adhikAra hogA. eka samaya vaha vajra zAkhA aura cAndrakula meM utpanna hemacandra nAma ke AcArya ko dekhegA. unheM dekhate hI vaha itanA prasanna hogA jaise garajate megha ko dekha kara mayUra prasanna hote haiM. vaha unake darzana ke liye jAne kI zIghratA karegA. jaba AcArya caitya meM baiThakara dharmopadeza karate hoMge, usa samaya vaha apane maMtrImaNDala ke sAtha unake darzana ke liye AegA. prathama deva ko vandana kara tattva ko nahIM jAnatA huA bhI atyanta zuddha sarala hRdaya se AcArya ko namaskAra karegA. prItipUrvaka AcArya kA upadeza suna kara samyaktvapUrvaka zrAvaka ke aNuvratoM ko svIkAra karegA. tatva kA bodha prApta kara vaha zrAvaka ke AcAra kA pAragAmI hogA. rAjasabhA meM baiThA hone para bhI dharmacarcA hI karegA. prAyaH nirantara brahmacaryaM rakhane vAlA vaha rAjA anna, phala, zAka Adi ke viSaya meM bhI aneka niyamoM ko grahaNa karegA. sAdhAraNa striyoM kA to use tyAga hI rahegA kintu apanI rAniyoM taka ko vaha brahmacarya kA upadeza karegA. jIva ajIva Adi tatvoM kA jAnakAra vaha rAjA dUsaroM ko bhI tatva samajhAegA - samyaktvI banAegA. arhaddharmadveSI brAhmaNa bhI usakI AjJA se garbha zrAvaka baneMge. devapUjA aura guruvandana karake vaha rAjA bhojana karegA. aputra mare hue kA dhana vaha kabhI nahIM legA. vastutaH viveka kA yahI sAra hai. vivekI vyakti sadA tRpta hI rahate haiM. vaha svayaM zikAra nahIM karegA aura usakI AjJA se dUsare rAjAgaNa bhI zikAra chor3a deMge. usake rAjya meM mRgayA to dUra rahI, makkhI macchara ko bhI koI mArane kI himmata nahIM karegA. usake ahisAtmaka rAjya meM jaMgala ke prANI mRga Adi eka dama nirbhIka hokara idhara udhara ghUmA kareMge. usake rAjya meM amArI ghoSaNA hogI. jo janma se mAMsAhArI hoge ve bhI usakI AjJA se duHsvapna kI taraha mAMsa khAnA hI bhUla jAveMge. apane pUrvajoM ke rivAja ke anusAra jisa madya kA zrAvaka bhI pUrI taraha se tyAga nahIM kara sake usakA vaha apane samasta rAjya meM niSedha karegA. yahAM taka ki kumbhakAra bhI madya pAtra banAnA chor3a deMge. madyapAna se jina logoM kI saMpatti kSINa ho gaI hai, aise loga bhI madya - dha-niSedha se usake rAjya meM punaH sampattimAn & Personal Use Caly www.elibrary.org
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________________ 588 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya samaya mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke bAda kI dvitIya zatAbdI batAtI hai. aitihAsika dRSTayA niyukti ke kartA bhadrabAhu kA samaya itanA prAcIna nahIM lagatA. hAM, TIkAkAroM kI apekSA unakA samaya adhika prAcIna hai. isa kAraNa TIkAkAroM dvArA likhita udAyana kI isa kathA kA pracalana bahuta samaya pahale thA, yaha nizcita hai. mUrtiviSayaka varNana jo bhI ho kintu jaina kathA aura sUtroM ke AdhAra se itanA to avazya mAnA jA sakatA hai ki mahAvIra ke samaya sindhusauvIra nAma ke deza meM bItibhaya nAmakA nagara avazya thA. aura vahA~ udAyana nAma kA rAjA rAjya karatA thA. usakI strI kA nAma prabhAvatI thA, jo vaizAlI ke rAjA ceTaka kI putrI hotI thI. abhIti usakA putra thA abhIti ke pitA ne kisI kAraNa se use rAjya nahIM diyA aura isI vajaha se vaha campA meM koNika rAjA ke Azraya meM jAkara rahA. rAjA mahAsena ke sAtha udAyana kA yuddha huA hogA aura usameM udAyana vijayI huA hogA.1 hoMge. jisa dyUta kA nala rAjA bhI tyAga nahIM kara sakA usakA vaha apane samasta rAjya meM bahiSkAra karegA. kukkuTayuddha, kapotayuddha Adi nRzaMsa manoraMjanoM ko vaha apane samasta rAjya meM baMda karA degA. niHsIma vaibhavavAlA vaha rAjA pratyeka grAma meM jinamandira banavA kara sAre pRthvImaNDala ko jinamandiroM se vibhUSita karegA. samudraparyanta pratyeka mArga aura nagara meM pratimA kI rathayAtrA kA mahotsava karAegA. dravya ke vipula dAna se vaha apane nAma kA saMvatsara calAegA. aisA vaha mahAn pratApazAlI rAjA eka dina gurumukha se kapila muni dvArA pratiSThita evaM pRthvI meM dabI huI usa divya pratimA ke viSaya meM bAta sunegA. bAta sunate hI vizvapAvanI usa mUrti ko hastagata karane kA vicAra karegA. mana ke utsAha aura zubha nimitta se use yaha vizvAsa ho jAyagA ki maiM usa divya pratimA ko prApta kara sakU~gA. taba vaha guru kI AjJA se yogya puruSoM ko vItibhaya ke uddhvasta sthala para bhejegA. ve puruSa vahAM jAkara jamIna khodeMge. usa samaya rAjA ke satva se zAsana deva bhI vahAM upasthita raheMge. jamIna ko thor3A khodane para vaha divya pratimA nikalegI. usa pratimA ke sAtha udAyana kA AjJAlekha bhI milegA. ve puruSa bar3I bhakti aura zraddhA se usakA pUjana kareMge. striyAM rAsa gAkara bAje bajAkara bhakti karegI. usa pratimA ke sAmane satata nRtya saMgIta hotA rahegA. ve dakSa puruSa mUrti ko ratha para AsIna karake pATana kI sImA para le AveMge. pratimA ke Age kI khabara suna kara vaha rAjA caturaMgI senA aura bar3e saMgha ke sAtha utsava pUrvaka usake sAmane jAyagA. bAda meM vaha apane hAthoM se pratimA ko ratha se nikAla kara hAthI para ArUr3ha karegA aura bar3e utsava ke sAtha nagarapraveza karAegA. usa pratimA ke liye vaha eka vizAla sphaTika pASANa kA mandira banavAegA. vaha mandira atRpada parvata ke mandira kI taraha atyanta bhavya hogA. usa meM bar3e utsava ke sAtha pratimA ko pratiSThita karegA. isa prakAra se sthApita kI gaI pratimA ke prabhAva se usa rAjA kI kIrti, yaza, prabhAva, saMpatti khUba bar3hegI. gurubhakti se vaha rAjA bhAratavarSa meM tere pitA kI taraha hI prabhAvazAlI hogA.' triSaSThi0 parva0 dasavAM, pR0 228-231. 1. suvarNagulikA ke nimitta caNDapradyota ke sAtha hue yuddha kI kiMvadantI meM bhI prAcIna pramANa hai, aisA eka sUtra ke sUcana ke AdhAra para anumAna hotA hai. bhagavatI sUtra jitane hI prAcIna sUtra praznavyAkaraNa meM jina striyoM ke liye yuddha hue the unake nAma diye haiM, unameM suvarNagulikA kA bhI eka nAma AtA hai. vaha pATha yaha hai : 'mehuNamUlaM ca subvae tattha-tattha vattapuvA saMgAmA jaNakkhayakarA-sIyAe, dovaie kae, ruppiNIe paumAvaie, tArAe, kaMcaNAe rattasubhaddAe, ahinniyAe, suvaeNaguliyAe, kinnaroe, surUvavijjumatIe, rohiNIe annesuya evamAdiesu vahavo mahilAkaema subvaMti aiktAsaMgAmA.' artha-maithuna mUlaka saMgrAma, jo vibhinna zAstroM meM sune jAte haiM. jo yuddha narasaMhAra karane vAle haiM, jaise sItA aura draupadI ke liye, rukmiNI, padmAvatI, tArA, kaMcanA, raktasubhadrA, ahalyA, suvarNagulikA, kinnarI Adi ke liye yuddha mUla sUtra meM Aye hue uparyukta udAharaNoM kI vyAkhyA TIkAkAra ne saMkSepa meM kI hai. ina striyoM ke viSaya meM dUsare graMthoM . . . HEAVENaa .... . . CC.............................. O Jain EURaisers OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOD www.pmenbrary.org
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________________ AcArya munijinavijaya : vaizAlInAyaka ceTaka aura siMdhusauvIra kA rAjA udAyana : 581 eka vilakSaNa paramparAsAmya jisa prakAra jaina-graMthoM meM vItibhaya ke udAyana aura candana kATa kI mUrti viSayaka vRtAnta milatA hai, usI prakAra bauddha graMthoM meM bhI kozAmbI ke udAyana aura buddha mUrti viSayaka vRtAnta milatA hai. bauddha zramaNa yavanacaMka athavA vhetatsaMga jaba bhArata meM AyA thA, usa samaya yaha kathA bauddhoM meM bhI bahuta pracalita thI, usane apane pravAsavRtAnta meM kozAmbI kA varNana karate hue likhA hai ki ---- 'kozAmbI nagara meM eka purAnA mahala hai. usameM 600 phITa UMcA evaM vihAra hai: isa vihAra meM candanakASTha kI buddhapratimA hai. usa buddhapratimA para pASANa kA banA huA chatra hai. kahA jAtA hai ki yaha kRti udAyana rAjA kI hai, yaha mUrti bar3I prabhAvazAlinI hai. isameM devI teja rahA huA hai aura yaha samaya-samaya para prakAza detI rahatI hai. isa mUrti ko isa sthAna se haTAne ke liye rAjAoM ne prayatna kiye the aura uThAne ke liye kaI AdamI lagAye the lekina use koI hilA bhI nahIM sakA. taba ve loga usa mUrti kI pratikRti banAkara pUjA karane lage aura usameM mUla mUrti kI-sI zraddhA rakhane lage.'' isI lekhaka ne apane pradeza ke pimA zahara meM isI prakAra kI eka anya mUrti kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai. vaha likhatA hai'yahAM-pimA zahara meM bhagavAn buddha kI khar3I AkRti meM banI huI candanakASTha kI eka vizAlamUrti hai, yaha 20 phITa UMcI hai aura bar3I camatkArika hai. isameM se prakAza nikalatA rahatA hai, rugNa jana agara sone ke barakha meM usakI pUjA kareM to unakA roga miTa jAtA hai. aisI yahAM ke logoM kI dhAraNA hai. jo loga antaHkaraNa pUrvaka isakI prArthanA karate haiM, unakA manovAMchita siddha ho jAtA hai. yahAM ke loga kahate haiM ki jaba buddha jIvita the usa samaya kauzAmbI ke rAjA udAyana ne isa mUrti ko banavAyA thA. jaba bhagavAn buddha kA nirvANa ho gayA taba yaha mUrti apane Apa AkAza meM ur3akara isa rAjya ke uttara meM Aye hue 'ho-lo lo-kiya' nAma ke zahara meM Akara rahI. yahA~ ke loga dhanika aura bar3e-vaibhavazAlI the aura mithyAmata meM anurakta the. unake mana meM kisI bhI dharma ke prati mAna-sammAna nahIM thA. jisa dina se yaha mUrti AI usa dina se devI camatkAra hone lage, lekina logoM kA dhyAna isa mUrti kI aura nahIM gayA.. usake bAda eka arhat vahA~ AyA aura vandana kara usa mUrti kI pUjA karane lagA. usa arhat kI vicitra veSa-bhUSA dekha kara loga Dara gaye aura unhoMne rAjA ko jAkara sUcanA dI. rAjA ne AjJA dI ki usa puruSa ko dhUla aura retI se DhaMka do. logoM ne rAjAjJA ke anusAra usa arhat kI bar3I durdazA kI aura use dhUla aura retI ke Dhera meM dabA diyA. use anna jala bhI nahIM diyA. kintu eka vyakti ko, jo usa mUrti kI pUjA karatA thA, logoM para bar3A krodha AyA, usane chupa kara usa arhat ko bhojana diyA. jAte samaya arhat usa vyakti se bolA-'Aja se sAtaveM dina isa nagara para retI aura dhUla kI varSA hogI jisase sArA nagara retI aura dhUla meM daba jAyagA. koI bhI vyakti jIvita nahIM raha sakegA. agara tujhe prANa bacAnA ho to tU yahA~ se bhAga jA. yahA~ ke logoM ne merI jo durdazA kI hai usI ke phalasvarUpa yaha nagara bhI dhUlivarSA se naSTa ho jAyagA. itanA kaha kara arhat adRzya ho gayA. taba baha AdamI zahara meM Akara apane sage saMbaMdhiyoM ko kahane lagA ki Aja se sAtaveM dina yaha nagara dhUlivarSA se naSTa ho jAyagA. isa bAta para loga usakI ha~sI ur3Ane lage. dUsare dina eka bar3I A~dhI AI aura vaha nagara kI sArI gandI dhUla ur3Akara AkAza meM le gaI. badale meM kImatI patthara AkAza se gire. isa ghaTanA se to loga usakI aura ha~sI ur3Ane lage. kintu use arhat ke vacana para vizvAsa thA. usane gupta rUpa se nagara se bAhara nikalane ke liye rAstA banAyA aura vaha jamIna meM chupA rahA. ThIka sAtaveM dina dhUla kI bhayaMkara varSA huI aura sArA nagara dhUla meM daba gayA. vaha vyakti suraMga meM jo bhI paricaya milA hai, use unhoMne apanI TIkA meM uddhRta kiyA hai. usameM suvarNagulikA ke liye udAyana kA caNDapradyota ke sAtha hue yuddha kI paramparA ati prAcIna aura satya para AdhArita hai. 1. huvenatsaMga bhI apane sAtha isa mUrti kI pratikRti banAke le gayA thA. dekho Beals Record of Western Countries, Book I,pR0 234 aura prastAvanA pR0 20. Jain Educational aina orary.org
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________________ Jain Educon Inte 560 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : tRtIya adhyAya se nagara ke bAhara nikalA aura uttara kI ora calA. calate-calate vaha pimA zahara pahu~cA aura vahIM rahane lagA. bAda meM mUrti bhI vahA~ se AkAza mArga se ur3akara isa zahara meM AI. vaha vyakti usa mUrti kI pUjA karane lagA. purAne graMthoM meM likhA hai ki jaba zAkyadharma kA anta ho jAegA taba yaha mUrti nAga loka meM calI jAegI. Aja bhI 'ho lo- lo ki zahara kI jagaha bahuta bar3A miTTI kA r3hera par3A huA hai. ' yavanacaMga aura divyAvadAna yavanacaMga ke dvArA likhI gaI uparyukta ghaTanA kA mUla kyA hai, yaha maiM nahIM jAna sakA kintu 'divyAvadAna' meM kucha ghaTanAe~ dekhane ko milIM. yavanacaMga aura divyAvadAna ina donoM kI kathA kA janagraMthoM kI udAyana kathA ke sAtha milAna karane para donoM meM jo sAmya mujhe dikhAI diyA vaha Azcaryajanaka hai. pAThakoM kI jAnakArI ke liye divyAvadAna ke rudrAyaNAvadAna nAmaka prakaraNa meM AI huI vaha kathA detA hU~ : rAjA bimbisAra ke samaya, jaba bhagavAn buddha rAjagRha meM rahate the taba do mahAnagara prasiddha the-eka pADaliputra aura dUsarA roruka. roruka nagara meM rudrAyaNa nAmaka rAjA rAjya karatA thA. usakI candraprabhA nAmaka kI rAnI thI. zikhaMDI nAmakA putra thA aura hiru, bhiru nAmaka ke do mahAmaMtrI the. rAjagRha meM biMbisAra rAjA thA, usakI vaidehI nAmaka kI rAnI aura ajAtazatru nAmakA putra thA. varSakAra nAmaka usakA mahAmaMtrI thA. usa samaya rAjagRha ke kucha vyApArI roruka nagara gaye aura vahA~ ke rAjA rudrAyaNa se mile bimbisAra se maitrI bar3hAne kI dRSTi se rAjA rudrAyaNa ne vyApAriyoM ke sAtha apane rAjya ke bahumUlya ratna bheje. usake jabAba meM rAjA bimbisAra ne bhI apane yahA~ banane vAle bahumUlya vastroM kI peTiyA~ bhejI. eka bAra rudrAyaNa ne apane rAjya ke kucha bahumUlya ratna bimbisAra ko bheje. badale meM usane bhagavAn buddha kA bhavya citra taiyAra karavA kara rudrAyaNa ko bhejA. sAtha hI rudrAyaNa ko bauddha dharmI banAne ke liye mahAkAtyAyaNa nAmaka bhikSuka va zailA nAma kI bhikSuNI ko bhejA. bhikSu aura bhikSuNI rudrAyaNa ke mahala meM rahe aura use buddhadharma kA upadeza karane lage. rAjA dhIre-dhIre buddha kA anuyAyI bana gayA. rAjA rudrAyaNa vINA bajAne meM bahuta kuzala thA aura rAnI nRtya karane meM eka dina rAnI nRtya kara rahI thI aura rAjA bINA bajA rahe the. nRtya karatI huI rAnI meM mRtyukAla ke kucha cihna rAjA ko dikhAI par3e. rAjA aise cihna dekha sahasA ghabarA uThA aura usake hAtha se vINA chUTa gaI. vINA ke ekAeka banda ho jAne se rAnI cauMka gaI aura rAjA se bolI svAmI - kyA merA nRtya kharAba thA jisase Apane bINA bajAnA hI banda kara diyA ? rAjA ne kahA- aisI bAta nahIM hai, kintu tumhArI zIghra mRtyu ke kucha cihna dekha kara maiM ghabarA gayA aura vINA hAtha se chUTa gaI. Aja se sAtaveM dina terI mRtyu hogI ' yaha suna rAnI bolI-'agara aisA hI hai to maiM bhikSuNI bananA cAhatI hU~. rAjA ne isa zarta para bhikSuNI banane kI AjJA dI ki- -agara tuma mara kara deva bano to mujhe Akara darzana denA. rAnI ne rAjA kI yaha bAta mAna lI aura vaha zailA bhikSuNI ke pAsa pravrajita ho gaI. sAtaveM dina vaha maraNa saMjJA kI bhAvanA karatI huI marI aura cAturmahArAjika devaloka meM devakanyA ke rUpa meM utpanna huI. vaha devakanyA usI rAtri meM rAjA ke zayanayakSa meM prakaTa huI. rAnI ko dekhakara use AliMgana karane ke liye rAjA ne apane donoM hAtha Age bar3hAye aura pAsa Ane kA Agraha kiyA. taba devakanyA bolI - 'mahArAja ! maiM mara kara devakanyA banI hU~. agara Apa mujha se samAgama karanA cAhate haiM to Apa bhI pravrajyA grahaNa kareM. mRtyu ke bAda jaba Apa deva baneMge tabhI mujha se samAgama kara sakeMge. itanA kaha kara vaha devakanyA addezya ho gaI. devakanyA ke addezya hone para rAjA vicAra meM par3a gayA. usane sArI rAta saMkalpa-vikalpoM meM vyatIta kI. anta meM usane pravrajyA lene kA nizcaya kiyA. prAtaH bhagavAn buddha ke samIpa pravrajyA ke liye rAjagRha kI ora cala par3A. jAte samaya usane apane putra zikhaNDo ko rAjyagaddI para baiThA diyA. donoM mantriyoM ko rAjya kI sArI vyavasthA karane 1. bila kI uparokta pustaka bhA0 2 pR0 324. - www.janabrary.org
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________________ Jain Eddes AcArya munijanavijaya vaizAlInAyaka ceTaka aura siMdhuvIra kA rAjA udAyana 21 ko kahA gayA. rAjagRha pahu~ca kara usane bhagavAn buddha ke samIpa pravrajyA grahaNa kara lI aura buddha kA ziSya bana gayA. idhara zikhaNDI apane do duSTa maMtriyoM kI saMgati se anIti ke mArga para calane lagA aura prajA ko bhI satAne lagA. usane do purAne acche maMtriyoM ko alaga kara diyA. kucha vyApAriyoM se jaba isa vRddha bhikSu ko apane putra ke anyAya kA patA lagA to vaha use samajhAne ke liye roruka nagara kI ora cala par3A. jaba donoM duSTa maMtriyoM ko isa bAta kA patA calA to unhoMne use mArga meM hI rokanA acchA samajhA. unhoMne zikhaNDI se kahA - ' sunA hai ki vRddha bhikSu yahA~ A rahA hai.' isa para zikhaNDI ne kahA- 'aba to vaha pravrajita ho gayA hai, bhale Aye' isa para maMtriyoM ne kahA--- jisa vyakti ne eka dina bhI rAjyazrI kA anubhava kara liyA ho vaha punaH rAjya pAne kA lobha saMvaraNa nahIM kara sakatA. isa para zikhaNDI ne kahA---agara ve punaH rAjya prApta karanA cAhate haiM, to maiM unheM apanA rAjya de dUMgA. maMtriyoM ne use kahA- kyA prApta rAjya ko isa prakAra kho denA buddhimattA hai isa taraha maMtriyoM ne kaI taraha se samajhA-bujhAkara vRkSa ko rAjya meM na Ane dene ke liye zikhaNDI ko rAjI kiyA. yahA~ taka ki duSTa maMtriyoM kI bAtoM meM Akara usane kucha ghAtaka puruSoM ko bheja kara apane pitA kA ziraccheda karavA diyA. : pitA kI mRtyu ke bAda vaha rAjA prajA para khUba atyAcAra karane lagA. eka samaya zikhaNDI apanI maNDalI ke sAtha nagaraparikramA ke liye nikalA. mArga meM use bhikSu kAtyAyana milA. kAtyAyana bhikSu ko dekhakara zikhaNDI atyanta kruddha huA aura usane usa para eka-eka muTThI dhUla DAlane kI prajAjanoM ko AjJA dI. rAjAjJA se logoM ne usa bhikSu para itanI adhika dhUla DAlI ki vaha usI meM daba gayA. purAne hiru, bhiru nAma ke maMtriyoM ko jaba isa bAta kA patA calA to ve usa bhikSu ke pAsa Aye aura use miTTI se bAhara nikAlA. bhikSu ne maMtriyoM se kahA - ' aba isa nagara ke vinAza kA samaya A gayA hai. Aja se sAtaveM dina dhUli dRSTi hogI jisase sArA nagara naSTa ho jAyagA. agara tuma apanA bacAva karanA cAhate ho to apane ghara se nadI ke taTa taka eka suraMga banavA lenA aura nadI ke tIra para eka nAva bhI taiyAra rakhanA. jaba nagarapralaya kA samaya AyagA usa samaya tuma nAva para baiTha kara anyatra cale jAnA. nagarapralaya meM prathama dina bar3I AMdhI AegI. vaha AMdhI nagara kI sArI durgandhita dhUli ko AkAza meM ur3Akara le jAegI. dUsare dina phUloM kI varSA hogI. tIsare dina vastroM kI varSA hogI. cauthe dina cAMdI barasegI. pA~caveM dina sone kI varSA hogI. chaThe dina ratna baraseMge aura sAtaveM dina dhUla kI dRSTi hogI jisase sArA nagara bhumisAt ho jAyagA.' kAtyAyana kI bhaviSyavANI ke anusAra sAtaveM dina eka bhayaMkara AMdhI AI jisase sAre nagara kI dhUla ur3a gaI. maMtriyoM ko bhikSu kI bhaviSyavANI para vizvAsa ho gayA. unhoMne apane ghara se nadI taka suraMga banA lI. chaThe dina jaba ratnoM kI varSA huI to unhoMne nAva ko ratnoM se bhara liyA aura usameM baiThakara anya deza cale gaye. vahAM hiru maMtrI ne hirukaccha aura bhiru maMtrI ne bhirukaccha nAma kA deza basAyA. kAtyAyana bhikSu nagara ke naSTa ho jAne para lambakapAla, zyamAMka vokkANa Adi deza hotA huA sindhu nadI ke kinAre para A pahu~cA vahAM se madhyadeza AyA aura zrAvastI nagarI meM, jahAM bhagavAn buddha apane saMgha ke sAtha rahate the, Akara unake saMgha meM mila gayA. jahAM taka mujhe smaraNa hai, yaha kathA dakSiNa ke hInayAna saMpradAya ke pAlI sAhitya meM kahIM bhI nahIM milatI. kintu uttara ke mahAyAna saMpradAya ke saMskRta evaM TibeTiyana sAhitya meM upalabdha hotI hai. 'divyAvadAna' ke sivA kSemendra ke 'avadAnakalpalatA' meM bhI yaha kathA AtI hai. astu, yahAM itanA hI batAnA abhipreta hai ki cInI yAtrI vheena sIMga [hya vatsoMga ] dvArA varNita 'ho-lo lo kia' nagara ke nAza kI aura divyAvadAna ke 'roruka' nagara ke nAza kI kathA meM kahIM aMtara dRSTigocara nahIM hotA. isase yaha mAlUma hotA hai ki ina donoM kathAoM kA mUla srota eka hI hai. itanA hI nahIM, 'divyAvadAna' ke 'roruka' nagara kA hI cInI uccAraNa 'ho- lo- lo-kia' ho aisA lagatA hai. thomasavATarsa isa nAma kI vyutpatti O-Lao-Lo Ka ( Rallaka?) isa prakAra karate haiM. 'dila' mahAzaya Ho-Lo-Lo-Kia aisA karate haiM. 'bila' jio to lotorol www Potatolo i olol olololol ololol brary.org
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________________ 562 muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya mahAzaya isI nAmakA dUsarA uccAraNa isa prakAra dete haiM Ragha or Ragham, or Perhaps ourgha aura 'vATarsa' mahAzaya usakA saMskRta uccAraNa 'rallaka' dete haiM. kintu donoM uccAraNoM kI apekSA divyAvadAna kA roruka uccAraNa hI bhASAzAstra kI dRSTi se adhika saMgata lagatA hai. ataH ye donoM nagara eka hI the aisA uparyukta pramANoM se siddha ho jAtA hai. kintu yahA~ para bhaugolika prazna upasthita hotA hai. dIghanikAye nAmaka pAlI Agama ke 'mahAgovindasuttanta' meM aura 'jAtakaTThakathA' meM roruka nagara ko 'sauvIra' deza kI rAjadhAnI batAyA hai. prasiddha bauddha vidvAn-hrIsaDeviDsa ne hindustAna ke nakze meM sauvIra deza kA sthAna kaccha kI khAr3I ke pAsa meM batAyA hai, jaba ki huenasauMga holo-lo-kia nagara ko khotAna pradeza [madhyapradeza meM batAte haiM. prAdezika dRSTi se donoM ke sthala alaga-alaga hone se ina donoM nagaroM ko eka mAnane meM yaha sabase bar3I bAdhA upasthita hotI hai. dIghanikAya meM jisa sauvira deza kA ullekha AyA hai usakA abhI taka sthAna nizcita nahIM ho pAyA hai. vaidika purANoM evaM jainagraMthoM meM sauvIra deza kA nAma AtA hai. jaina graMthoM meM prAyaH 'sindhu-sauvIra' aisA jur3A huA nAma AtA hai. yaha sauvIra buddha kA hI sauvIra hai to yaha sindhu nadI ke Asa-pAsa basA huA honA cAhie. kintu jaina aura bauddhoM kA sauvIra eka hI hai aisA mAlUma nahIM hotA. kyoMki jaina sindhu sauvIra kI rAjadhAnI vItibhaya athavA vItabhaya mAnate haiM, jabaki bauddha graMthoM meM sauvIra kI rAjadhAnI roruka nagara batalAI gaI hai. bauddha graMthoM meM bhI alaga-alaga vAcanAoM meM isa zabda ke viSaya meM kaI pAThAntara haiM. jaise-jAtakaTThakathA meM 'roruvanagara' athavA 'roruvama nagara' aise do pATha Ate haiM. 'dIghanikAya' kI siMhalI vAcanA meM 'roruka' aura baramI vAcanA meM 'roruNa' pATa AtA hai. itanA hI nahIM, deza ke nAmoM meM bhI pAThAntara hai. jaise dIghanikAya meM 'sauvIra' ke sthAna para socira' pATha AtA hai aura jAtakaTThakathA meM 'zibiraThe' pATha hai. lipikoM ke pramAda aura ajJAna se aise azuddha pAThoM kA likhA jAnA asaMbhava nahIM hai. aise pAThabhedoM se aitihAsika tathya nikAlane meM kitanI bar3I kaThinAI AtI hai yaha to purAtattvajJa hI jAnate haiM. TIbeTiyana sAdhanoM se to 'roruka' nagara pAlisAhitya prasiddha koliya kSatriyoM kA 'rAma grAma' ho aisA 'rAkahIla' kA anumAna hai. isase yaha patA lagatA hai ki sauvIra aura roruka nagara kA sthAna abhI taka nizcita nahIM ho pAyA hai. agara nizcita huA mAna bhI leM to bhI divyAvadAna kA 'roruka' aura dIghanikAya kA 'roruka' donoM alaga haiM, aisA mAnane meM koI bAdhA bhI nahIM hai. sAtha hI divyAvadAna vAlA roruka hindustAna ke bAhara thA aise kaI pramANa milate haiM. roruka nagara kA jaba nAza huA thA taba kAtyAyana bhikSu madhyadeza meM Ane ke liye nikalA mArga meM lambAka, syAmAka, aura vAkkaNAdi dezoM ko pAra karatA huA sindhu nadI ke kinAre para AyA. vahAM se nadI ko pAra kara aneka sthaloM para ghUmatA-ghAmatA zrAvastI A pahu~cA thA. pUrvagraMthoM meM lambAka-syAmAka aura vokkaNAdi pradeza hindustAna ke bAhara anArya pradeza mAne jAte the. inakA sindhu nadI ke usa pAra honA bhI una pradezoM ke anArya hone kA sabala pramANa hai. divyAvadAna kI vArtA ke AdhAra para se hama yaha dekhate haiM ki roruka nagara meM ratnoM kI paidAiza adhika hotI thI aura vastroM kI kama.2 isake viparIta bhArata meM aisA koI pradeza dRSTigocara nahIM hotA jahA~ kevala ratna hI ratna paidA hote hoM, vastra nahIM. kintu madhya eziyA meM aise bhI pradeza the jahAM vastra nahIM paidA hote the.1 ina kAraNoM se pramANita hotA hai ki roruka nagara hindustAna ke bAhara thA aura vaha huenasauMga kA varNita 'ho-lAlo-kia' kA hI dUsarA nAma thA. bauddha aura jaina kathA meM samAnatA huenasauMga aura divyAvadAna kI kathA kA sAmya hama Upara dekha Aye haiM. kintu bauddha aura jaina kathA meM jo sAmya milatA hai vaha aura bhI Azcaryajanaka hai. huenasauMga aura divyAvadAna varNita kathA meM to kevala roruka nagara ke nAza kA hI sAmya milatA hai kintu divyAvadAna kI kathA ke sAtha jaina kathA kA kaI bAtoM meM sAmya dRSTigocara hotA hai. jisakI carcA aba hama kareMge. 1. dekho-Rockhills life of Buddha. P. 145. 2. 'devo ratnAdhipatiH. sa rAjA vastrAdhipati;. tasya ratnAni durlabhAni'-divyAvadAna, pR0 545. AAAAAAORATAP r AMALAYALAM anay MAUTO WIAN S E Cainelibrary.org
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________________ prAcArya manijinavijaya : vaizAlInAyaka ceTaka aura siMdhusauvIra kA rAjA udAyana : 563 roruka nagara ke nAza aura jaina kathA meM vaNita vItibhaya ke nAza ke varNana meM huenasauMga, avadAna aura jaina graMtha samAna haiM. tInoM ne nagaranAza kA kAraNa dhUli-varSA hI batAyA hai. jaina kathA meM 'udAyana' aura divyAvadAna meM 'udrAyaNa' athavA 'rudrAyana' kI mRtyu kA kAraNa usakA uttarAdhikArI mAnA gayA hai. jaina graMthakAra isakI mRtyu viSaprayoga se aura bauddha kathAkAra zastraprayoga se duSTa amAtyoM dvArA honA likhate haiM. jaina kathAkAra udrAyaNa kA uttarAdhikArI usake bhAnaje kezIkumAra ko mAnate haiM jabaki bauddha kathAkAra usake putra zikhaNDI ko usakA uttarAdhikArI mAnate haiM. sAtha hI zikhaNDI aura usake maMtriyoM kA Apasa meM jo rudrAyaNa viSayaka vArtAlApa huA hai aura hemacandrAcArya kI isI kathA meM kezIkumAra aura unake maMtriyoM ke bIca udAyana viSayaka hue vArtAlApa meM jo bhAvasAmya dRSTigocara hotA hai, use samajhane ke liye donoM graMthoM ke kucha uddharaNa diye jAte haiMdeva, zrUyate vRddharAjA AgacchatIti. sa kathayati--pravajito'sau. kimatha tasyAgamanaprayojanamiti ? tau kathayataH deva, yenaikadivasamapi rAjyaM kAritam , sa vinA rAjyenAbhiraMsyata iti kuta etat ? punarapyasau rAjyaM kArayitukAma iti. zikhaNDI kathayati-yadyasau rAjA bhaviSyati, ahaM sa eva kumAraH, ko'nuvirodha iti? tau kathayataH-deva, apratirUpametat. katha nAma kumArAmAtyapaurajanapadairaJjali-sahasra namasyamAnena rAjyaM kArayitvA punarapi kumAravAsena vastavyam ? varaM dezaparityAgo na tu kumAravAlena vAsam--sa tAbhyAM vipralabdhaH kathayati-kimatra yuktam ? kathaM pratipattavyamiti ? tau kathayataH-deva, praghAtayitavyo'sau. yadi na praghAtyate, niyataM duSTAmAtyavigrAhito devaM praghAtayatIti. sa kathayati, katha pitaraM praghAtayAmIti ? tau kathayataH--na devena zrutam ? pitA vA yadi vA bhrAtA, putro vA svAMganiHsRtaH, pratyanIkeSu vartata kartavyA bhUmivardhanA (1). (divyAvadAna pR0 478) inhIM bhAvoM ko AcArya hemacandra ne nimna zabdoM meM prakaTa kiyA hai : jJAtvodAyanamAyAtaM kezyamAtyairbhaNiSyate, nirvieNastapasAmeSa niyataM tava mAtulaH / Rddha rAjyaM hya ndrapadaM tattvakvAnuzayaM dadhAt, nUnaM rAjyArthamevAgAdvizvasIrmA sma srvthaa| kezI vakSyatyasau rAjyaM gRhNAtvadyApi ko'smyaham , gopAlasya hi kaH kopo dhanaM gRhNAti ceddhnii| vacayanti maMtriNaH puNyaistava rAjyamupasthitam, pradattaM na hi kenApi rAjadharmo'pi neTazaH / pituoturmAtulAdvA suhRdo vAparAdapi, prasahyApyAhare prAjyaM taddattaM ko hi muJcatti / tairevamudito'tyarthaM tyaktvA bhaktimudAyane, kezI pratyati kiM kArya dApayiSyanti te viSam / mahAvIracaritra pR0 158. bauddha graMthoM meM rudrAyaNa kI rAnI kA nAma candraprabhA likhA hai jaba ki noM graMthoM meM prabhAvatI nAma AtA hai. donoM meM bhI 'prabhA'zabda kA prayoga huA hai jo adhika dhyAna dene yogya hai. isase bhI adhika mahattva kI bAta yaha hai ki rAjA kA vINA bajAnA, rAnI kA nRtya, nRtya karatI huI rAnI meM mRtyu ke cihna dikhAI denA, rAnI kI pravrajyA, pravrajyA kI AjJA dene meM mRtyu ke bAda vApisa Ane kI zarta rAjA ke dvArA rakhanA, rAnI kI pravrajyA aura usakI mRtyu ke bAda punaH rAjA ko upadeza dene ke liye AnA Adi ghaTanAoM kA jo donoM graMthoM meM sAmya milatA hai, vaha adhika Azcaryajanaka hai. divyAvadAna aura hemacandra ke mahAvIra caritra meM isa viSaya kA jo varNana AyA hai, vaha pAThasAmya kI dRSTi se pAThakoM ke sAmane rakhatA hU~. rudrAyaNo rAjA vINAyAM kRtAvI, candraprabhA devI nRtye. yAvadapareNa samayena rudrAyaNo rAjA vINAM vAdayati, candraprabhA devI nRtyati. tena tasyA nRtyantyA vinAzalakSaNaM dRSTam. sa tAmitazcAmutazca nirIcya saMlakSayati-saptAhasyAtyAtkAla kariSyati. tasya hastAbINA sastA, bhUmau nipatitA. candraprabhA devI kathayati-deva mA, mayA dunRtyam ? devI, na tvayA dunRtyam. api tu mayA tava nRtyamtyA vinAzalakSaNaM dRSTam, saptame divase tava kAlakriyA bhavatIti, candraprabhA devI pAdayenipatya kathayati-deva yadya vam, kRtopasthAnAhaM devasya yadi devo anujAnIyAt, ahaM pravrajeyamiti. sa kathayati candraprabhe ! TAL IITH MPURN MEANING Num Tomatory ImpNIA CISISGAMAMALINIMINISATTA AamaANAS RI IITMERIE ARNITURISTMIN SWAMNOM LITTImuToileroJANARDARDARSINHADANAND n ary.org
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________________ 564 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya samayato'nujAnAmi. yadi tAvatpravajya sarvaklezaprahANAdaha tvaM sAkSAtkaroSi, eSA eva duHkhAnta:. atha sAvazeSasaMyojanA kAlaM kRtvA deveSUpapadyase, devabhUtayA te mamopadarzayitavyamiti. sA kathayati-deva, evaM bhavatviti. (divyAvadAna, pR. 470) yahI varNana AcArya hemacandra ke mahAvIracaritra meM isa prakAra hai : tAmanyadArcAmacitvA pramodena prabhAvatI, patyA sametA saMgItamavigItaM pracakrame / tAnaughAnugatazravyaM vyaktavyaMjanadhAtukam , vyavasvaraM vyaktarAgaM rAjA vINAmavAdayat / vyaktagAMhArakaraNa sarvAMgAbhinayojjavalam , nanata devyapi prItA lAsyaM tANDavapUrvakam / rAjAnyadA prabhAvatyA na dadarza ziraH kSaNAt, nRtyantaM tatkabandhaM tu dadarzAjikabandhavat / ariSTadarzanena drAk kSubhitasya mahIpateH, tadopasarpannidrasyevAgalat kaMbikA karAt / akANDatANDavacchedakupitA rAzyathAvadat, tAlacyutAsmi kimahaM vAdanAdvirato'si yat / itthaM punaH punaH pRSTaH kambikApAtakAraNam , tattathAkhyanmahIpAlo balIyAn strIgrahaH khalu / rAyUce dunimittenAmunAlpAyurahaM priya, aAjanmAIddharmavatyA mRtyurapyastu nAsti bhii| pratyutAnandaheturme dunimittasya darzanam, tajjJApanAya bhavati yatsarvaviratau mama / animittadvayAkhyAtAlpAyuSaH samayocite, pravrajyAgrahaNe me'dya pratyUha nAtha mA kRthAH / evamuktaH sanirbandhamabhya-dhAdvasudhAdhavaH, anutiSTha mahAdevi yattumyamabhirocate / devatvamAptayA devi bodhanIyastayAnvaham, svargasaukhyAntarAye'pi soDhavyo matkRte kSaNam / uparokta avataraNoM se jaina aura bauddha lekhoM meM kitanI bar3I abhinnatA hai yaha spaSTa mAlUma hotA hai. maiM to yahA~ taka kahatA hU~ ki divyAvadAna ke udrAyaNa nAma ke badale meM jaina nAma udAyana yA jaina nAma udAyana ke badale meM bauddhanAma udrAyaNa lipi yA pAThabheda ke kAraNa hI hai. kyoMki bauddhoM aura jainoM ke granthoM meM isa nAma ke kaI pAThabheda milate haiM. divyAvadAna meM rudAyaNa hI sarvatra prayukta haA hai lekina kaI pratiyoM meM rudrAyaNa' ke sthAna meM 'udrAyaNa' kA bhI prayoga huA hai. isI prati meM eka jagaha to 'udrAyaNa' hI pATha AyA hai mukto granyaizca yogaizca zatyainIvaraNaistathA, adyApyudrAyaNo bhikSu rAjadhamaina mucyate / -divyAvadAna pR0 480. kSemendra ke avadAnakalpalatA meM sarvatra udrAyaNa kA hI prayoga huA hai. udAharaNArtha : babhUva samaye tasmin raurukAkhye pure nRpaH, zrImAnudrAyaNo nAma yazazcandramahodadhiH / kadAcidivyaratnAMkaM kavacaM kAMcanojjvalam, prAhiNod bimbisArAya sAramudrAyaNo napaH / bimbisArasya hastAMkalekhAmudrAyaNo napaH, udrAyaNasya napaterAyaH kAtyAyano'tha saH / -avadAnakalpalatA pR0 256 ina avataraNoM se yaha spaSTa mAlUma hotA hai ki bauddhagranthoM meM asalI nAma rudrAyaNa nahIM kintu 'udrAyaNa' hI thA. yaha nAma jaina granthakAroM kA bhI sammata hai. bhagavatIsUtra aura Avazyaka cUNi meM 'uddAyaNa' bhI pATha AtA hai. jisakA saMskRta rUpa 'udrAyaNa' hotA hai. jaina saMskRta TIkAkAroM ne isI zabda ko 'uAdayaNa' ke rUpa meM saMskRta kiyA hai. jaina aura bauddha kathA meM kitanA bar3A sAmya hai, yaha hama Upara dekha Aye haiM. isa vilakSaNa sAmya kA mUla khoja nikAlanA kaThina kArya hai. isa kathA ko kisane kisase udhAra liyA hai ? yA usa samaya udAyana viSayaka svataMtra AkhyAna ko jaina va bauddhoM ne apane sA~ce meM DhAlane kA prayatna kiyA hai ? jisakA nirNaya karanA hamArI zakti ke bAhara hai.
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________________ Jain Ed sAdhvI zrIkusumavatIjI siddhAntAcAryA bhAratIya saMskRti meM saMta kA mahattva Hotosmuham bhAratIya saMskRti meM santa kA sthAna pramukha hai. vahI bhAratIya saMskRti kA nirmAtA hai. cirakAla se santoM kA jo avicchinna pravAha calA A rahA hai, saMskRti usI kI ghora tapazcaryA kA sarasa suphala hai. santajanoM ne jagat ke lubhAvane vaibhava se vimukha hokara aura araNyavAsa karake jo amRta pAyA, use jagat meM vitIrNa kara diyA. usI se saMskRti kI saMsthApanA huI, vRddhi huI. samaya-samaya para usa saMskRti meM bhI yugAnurUpa saMskAra hote gae, kintu usameM bhI santoM kI sAdhanA kA hI pramukha hAtha rahA. yahI kAraNa hai ki bhAratIya saMskRti meM aisI pracura vizetAe~ haiM jo vizva ke anya dezoM meM dRSTigocara nahIM hotI. santa kA jIvana AtmalakSI hone para bhI jana-jana ke kalyANArtha hotA hai. unakA jJAna prasupta mAnavajagat ko jAgRta banAne ke liye hI ve dIpaka ke samAna svayaM bhI prakAzamAna haiM, aura dUsaroM ko bhI prakAza dete rahate haiM. saravara taruvara santa jana, cauthA varSe meha paropakAra ke kAraNe etA dhArI deha ! ROHANAUNLOA saMta ke jIvana kA lakSya yadyapi AtmotthAna hotA hai kintu usake AtmotthAna kI prakriyA isa prakAra kI hotI hai ki usase dUsaroM kA kalyANa anAyAsa hI hotA rahatA hai. paropakAra evaM paroddhAra usakI Atma-sAdhanA kA hI eka aMga hotA hai. santa ke jIvana kA kSaNa-kSaNa, zarIra kA kaNa-kaNa aura mana kA araNu-aNu parahitArtha hI hotA hai. rakhatA hai vaha apane liye nahIM, kintu jagat meM vRkSa madhura-madhura phaloM evaM phUloM se lade rahate haiM, samudra apane pAsa athAha jalarAzi saMcaya karake vyApta saMtApa ko dUra karane aura bhUtala ko zAnta karane ke liye hI so apane liye nahIM kintu dUsaroM kI kSudhA ko zAnta karane ke liye, dUsaroM ko saundarya aura suvAsa dene ke liye hI isI taraha santajana bhI apane jIvana ko parahita ke liye hI dhAraNa karate haiM. jisa prakAra agarabattI dUsaroM ko sugandha pradAna karane ke liye apane Apako samarpita kara detI hai, apane sampUrNa zarIra ko agnideva kI bheMTa karake bhI anya ko khuzabU luTAtI rahatI hai; santa kA jIvana bhI ThIka isI prakAra kA hotA hai. ve apane duHkhoM evaM kaSToM kI paravAha na karate hue para hitArtha hI apanA sarvasva luTA dete haiM. santa kA hRdaya makkhana ke samAna komala hotA hai. tulasIdAsajI ne kahA hai : " saMta hRdaya navanIta samAnA, kahA kavina para kahiya na jAnA nija dukha dravahi sadA navanItA, para dukha dravahiM santa punItA ! santa kA hRdaya makkhana ke samAna komala hai, yaha kahanA ThIka hai, kintu svaduHkhakAtara, becArA makkhana paraduHkhakAtara santa ke hRdaya kA mukAbalA nahIM kara sakatA. ataeva makkhana kI upamA santa ke jIvana se saMgata nahIM ho sakatI. santa ke prANoM para kaisA bhI viSama saMkaTa kyoM na A par3e, sahasroM pIr3AeM kyoM na upasthita hoM, apamAna aura tiraskAra
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________________ Jain Ed 566 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : tRtIya adhyAya kA garala kyoM na pAna karanA par3e, vaha kisI se bhI apane para dayA karane kI prArthanA na karegA, jyoM-jyoM duHkha apamAna, tiraskAra aura ghRNA kI lapaTeM use jhulasAne ke liye agrasara hoMgI, tyoM tyoM usakA jIvana vajra ke samAna hotA jAyegA. kyA majAla ki usakA mana pighala jAe, sattva vicalita ho jAe. vAstava meM santa svayaM ke lie himAlaya kI caTTAna ke samAna aDiga hotA hai. kintu dUsaroM ke prati vyavahAra karane meM kusuma ke samAna komala ho jAtA hai : 'vajrAdapi kaThorANi mRdUni kusumAdapi ' santa kA komala hRdaya dUsaroM ke duHkha ke bhAra ko vahana karane meM sarvathA asamartha hotA hai. santoM ke prabhAva ke katipaya udAharaNa mAnava ke hRdaya meM roga ke jantu bhara jAte haiM, to use DAkTara ke pAsa jAkara iMjekzana DAkTara haiM ataH mAnava ke vikAra evaM pApa ke jantuoM ko dUra karane ke liye unake pAsa se viSAkta mAnasika vAtAvaraNa kA nAza ho jAtA hai. 1. samartha guru rAmadAsa aura zivAjI : lenA par3atA hai. santa bhI eka jAnA cAhie, unake samparka rAmadAsa sacamuca samartha rAmadAsa hI the. bacapana meM usakA vivAha ho rahA thA, aura ve lagnamaNDapa meM baiThe hue the, taba unhoMne jaise hI 'sAvadhAna' zabda sunA, ve sAvadhAna ho gaye aura aise sAvadhAna hue ki 12 varSa taka unakA patA nahIM lagA. phira ve saMnyAsI ho gaye, aura ghara-ghara bhikSA mAMgane lage. svAmI rAmadAsa eka pahu~ce hue santa the. unakA prabhAva cAroM ora bijalI ke samAna phaila gayA. usa prabhAva se mahArAja zivAjI bhI prabhAvita hue. zivAjI ne unheM apanA guru mAnA. jaba apane guru ko bhikSA mAMgate hue dekhA to socA'mere guru aura bhikSA mA~ge, kyA maiM akelA hI unakI AvazyakatAe~ pUrNa nahIM kara sakatA hU~ ?' unhoMne tatkAla patra likhA, ora apane naukara ko dete hue kahA - 'jaba svAmIjI AveM to unakI jholI meM yaha ciTThI DAla denA. yathAsamaya bhikSArtha rAmadAsa Aye to naukara ne vaha patra unakI jholI meM DAla diyA. usameM likhA thA - 'mahArAja, maiM apanA sArA rAjya Apako sauMpatA hU~. Apa bhikSAvRtti tyAga deM.' santa rAmadAsa ne use par3hA aura cupacApa vahA~ se cala diye. dUsare dina ve zivAjI ke pAsa Aye aura bole--'beTA, tumane apanA sArA rAjya mujhe de diyA hai. bolo, aba tuma kyA karoge ?' zivAjI ne kahA - 'gurudeva, jo ApakI AjJA ho. sevA meM sadA taiyAra hU~ !" rAmadAsa ne kahA- 'yaha merI jholI uThAo aura mere sAtha bhIkha mAMgane calo. ' zivAjI bar3e vismita hue para bacanabaddha the. unhoMne bholI uThA lI aura rAmadAsa ke sAtha bhikSA mA~gane cala par3e. guru ne unheM sAre gA~va meM aTana karAyA aura anta meM nadI ke kinAre Akara sabake sAtha bhojana karAyA. bhojanAnantara guru ne tumheM vApasa sauMpatA hU~. tuma isa rAjya ke prati anurakti zivAjI se kahA - 'beTA, tumane sArA rAjya mujhe de diyA hai, lekina aba maiM yaha rAjya rAja-kAja merA samajhakara karanA aura yaha merA bhagavA vastra bhI sAtha rakhanA, jisase tumheM na ho.' mahArASTra meM Aja bhI usa bhagave jhaNDe kA mahattva kAyama hai. zivAjI ne guru ke kathanAnusAra hI rAjya calAyA, aura usake mAlika nahIM, TrasTI banakara kAma kiyA. rAmadAsa kA zivAjI para aisA prabhAva par3A. 2. zreNika aura anAthI muni : magadha samrAT para anAthI muni kA prabhAva kaisA aura kisa prakAra par3A, isakA varNana bhagavAn mahAvIra ne uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke bIsaveM adhyayana meM kiyA hai. rAjA zreNika maNDikukSa nAmaka udyAna meM krIr3Artha gayA. vahA~ eka vRkSa ke nIce dhyAnamudrA meM sthita anAthI muni ko dekhA. Surina Somaliendly.org
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________________ +++++++ sAdhvI kusumavatI siddhAntAcAryA : bhAratIya saMskRti meM saMta kA mahattva : 567 unako dekhakara hI rAjA prabhAvita ho jAtA hai aura kahatA hai-'aho ina mahAtmA kI kamanIya kAnti, atula rUpa sampati, kSamA, saumyabhAva tathA nirlobhatA Adi guNa dhanya haiM ! inakI nissaMgavRtti prazaMsanIya hai.' muni ne dhyAna khola kara rAjA zreNika ko anAtha-sanAtha kA rahasya samajhAyA. vizadarUpa meM apanA jIvana kaha kara upadeza diyA. rAjA zreNika anAthI muni kA upadeza sunakara itanA prabhAvita huA ki vaha bauddhadharma ko chor3a kara jaina dharmAvalambI bana gayA. 3. aMgulImAla aura mahAtmA buddha : 'kSaNamapi sajjanasaMgatirekA, bhavati bhavArNavataraNe naukA' sajjana puruSoM kI eka kSaNa kI bhI saMgati mahAn phaladAyinI hotI hai, vaha saMsAra rUpa samudra se pAra lagA detI hai. mahAtmA buddha kI saMgati kA prabhAva aMgulImAla para aisA par3A ki vaha ghora hiMsaka bhI ahiMsaka bana gayA. zrAvastI ke jaMgala meM eka luTerA rahatA thA. vaha manuSyoM ko lUTa kara unakI aMguliyA~ kATa letA thA aura unakI mAlA banA kara pahanatA thA. ata: vaha 'aMgulImAla' ke nAma se prakhyAta ho gayA thA. zrAvastI kI sArI prajA usase hairAna thI. rAjA bhI usako apane vaza meM nahIM kara sakatA thA. yaha bAta sunakara mahAtmA buddha usa jaMgala kI ora gaye. aMgulImAla ne dUra se buddha ko Ate hue dekhA to socA-'isa jaMgala meM koI bhI akelA Ane kI himmata nahIM karatA. yaha mAnava kaise akelA A rahA hai ? kyA ise apanI jAna pyArI nahIM hai ?' vaha buddha ke sAmane AyA aura khar3A hokara bolA --- 'Thaharo, Age mata bar3ho' taba calate-calate hI mahAtmA ne kahA--'maiM to khar3A hU~, lekina tuma khar3e raho.' yaha sunakara vaha lUTerA asamaMjasa meM par3a gayA aura socane lagA-'yaha kaisA mAnava hai, jo svayaM cala rahA hai phira bhI apane ko khar3A kaha rahA hai. aura maiM khar3A hU~ phira bhI mujhe kahatA hai--'khar3e raho.' buddha ne usa dasyu ko upadeza dete hue kahA--'bhAI, maiM to prema aura maitrI meM sthira hU~, lekina tU abhI asthira hai. ataH sthira ho jA.' mahAtmA buddha kI vANI kA usa luTere para aisA prabhAva par3atA hai ki vaha usI kSaNa tathAgata kA ziSya bana gayA. 4. hemacandrAcArya aura kumArapAla : paramazaiva kumArapAla para hemacandrAcArya kA aisA prabhAva par3A ki vaha paramAhata bana gayA. eka dina hemacandrAcArya gocarI (bhikSA) lekara Aye hI the ki kumArapAla AcArya ke darzanArtha A pahu~ce. rAjA ne apane guru AcArya ke pAtra meM makkI kI ghATa (daliyA) dekhI. kumArapAla ne kahA- 'svAmin ! Apa mere guru hokara yaha makkI kI ghATa lAte haiM ? kyA Apako sundara pauSTika AhAra nahIM milatA ?' AcArya ne kahA-'isa saMsAra meM bahuta aise garIba mAnava haiM jinako udarapUrti karane ko ghATa bhI prApta nahIM hotI hai. unakI apekSA to maiM bahuta hI sukhI hU~.' AcArya ke zarIra para jIrNa-zIrNa vastra dekhakara kumArapAla ne kahA-'Apa mere jaise rAjA ke guru hokara phaTe hue aura moTe vastra kyoM dhAraNa karate haiM ?' AcArya ne uttara diyA-'rAjan ! mujhe aise vastra to milate haiM kintu bahuta se garIba logoM ko to lajjAnivAraNArtha phaTe vastra bhI upalabdha nahIM hote haiM. kalikAlasarvajJa AcArya se kumArapAla bahuta hI prabhAvita hue. 5. hIravijaya sUrIzvara aura samrATa akabara : akabara para sUrIzvara kA aisA prabala prabhAva par3A ki AcArya ne akabara ke jIvana meM ahiMsA kI jyoti jagA dI. hIravijaya sUri akabara ke rAjadarabAra meM jAkara upadeza dete the. usase prabhAvita hokara akabara ne apane rAjya meM 'amArI' kI ghoSaNA karavA dI. sacce saMta kA prabhAva vizva para aisA par3atA hai. Jain Eden
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________________ 168 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : tRtIya adhyAya saMta kI vizeSatA saMta puruSa ke jIvana meM kitanI hI ApatiyA~ kyoM na A par3e, usake cita meM tanika bhI vikRti nahIM AtI hai. satya yaha hai ki duHkha kAla meM saMtapuruSa kA jIvana aura adhika nikharatA hai. zaMkha ko agni meM DAla diyA jAya to bhI vaha apanI zubhratA nahIM tyAgatA. saMta puruSa mAraNAntika saMkaTa ke avasara para bhI ghabarAte nahIM haiM kintu unake jIvana se tapa-saMyama kA saurabha niraMtara mahakatA rahatA hai. kuThAra candana ke vRkSa ko kATatA hai, usakA samUla nAza karatA hai; phira bhI candana to kuThAra ke mukha ko bhI suvAsita karatA hai. kATane vAle ko bhI sugandha hI pradAna karatA hai. aise hI sAdhu jana kA cAhe koI apakAra kare yA upakAra, donoM para usa kI dayA-dRSTi samAna rahatI hai. sAdhu ke lakSaNa- - sAdhu puruSa vaha hai jo, ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha ko jIvana meM dhAraNa karake apanI iMdriyoM ko nigRhIta kara lete haiM. santa puruSa indriyoM ke dAsa nahIM hote, kintu 'gosvAmI' hote haiM. ve sadA bhikSAjIvI hote haiM aura rasanedriyavijayI. sahaja rUpa se jo bhI nirdoSa rUkhA - sukhA upalabdha ho jAya, use hI apane samabhAva ke sA~ce meM DhAlakara amRta banA lete haiM. rasanendriya para vijaya prApta karanA bahuta hI duSkara hai, kintu sacce saMta ke liye koI bhI kArya duSkara nahIM hotA. krodha kI AMdhI santa puruSa ke mana-mAnasa meM kiMcit bhI kSobha utpanna nahIM kara sakatI mAna rUpa sarpa usa para AkramaNa nahIM kara sakatA. unakA antaHkaraNa nizchala evaM sarala hotA hai. lobha rUpa ajagara unheM grasita nahIM kara sakatA hai. unake jIvana meM kaSAyoM kA prAbalya nahIM hotA hai. ve jAnate haiM ki kaSAyoM kA prazamana hI santajIvana kA sarvopari lakSya hai. bhAvasatya, karaNasatya, yogasatya, kSamAvAn, vairAgyavAn, manaH samAdhAraNIya, vacaH samAdhAraNIya, kAyaH samAdhAraNIya, jJAnasaMpannatA, darzanasampannatA, cAritrasampannatA, vedanAdhyAsa, mAraNAntikasamAdhyAsa Adi ina satAIsa guNoM se jo yukta hoM, ve hI sAdhu puruSa mAne jAte haiM. ve SaTiinakAya jIvoM kI rakSA karate haiM, AThoM madoM ke tyAgI hote haiM, navavAr3a sahita zuddha brahmacarya kA pAlana karate haiM, dasa prakAra ke yatidharma, bAraha prakAra kI tapasyA ke aura satraha prakAra ke saMyama ke pAlanakarttA hote haiM. unake jIvana meM cAhe kitane hI pariSaha upasthita hoM, kabhI ghabarAte nahIM haiM, balki saharSa pariSaha sahana karate haiM, kyoMki ve jAnate haiM ki kaSToM ke sAtha saMgharSa karanA hI Atmika zakti kI vRddhi kA rahasya hai. saMta kI kaSTasahiSNutA - saMta apane prANa bacAne ke liye, dUsaroM ko kaSTa kI bhaTTI meM nahIM jhoMkate. ve samaya Ane para apane prANoM kI bAjI lagAkara bhI dUsaroM kI rakSA hI karate haiM. kahA hai : haMsa cAhe kitane hI dina bhUkhA raha jAya, kukkaTa ke samAna kITa bhakSaNa nahIM karatA. aise hI saMtajana ke jIvana meM kitane hI ghora saMkaTa kyoM na samupasthita ho jAyaM phira bhI pApa karma meM unakI pravRtti nahIM hotI hai. 'vipadyapi gatAH saMtaH pApa karma na kurvate, haMsaH kukkuTaskITaM nA ki di. metArya muni bhikSArtha nagara meM ghUma rahe the. bIca se eka svarNakAra kA ghara AtA hai, aura muni usake vahAM bhI bhikSArtha padhArate haiM. usa samaya svarNakAra sone ke yava banA rahA thA. unako vahIM para chor3akara muni ko AhAradAna dene ke liye vaha rasoI ghara meM jAtA hai. acAnaka Akara eka kukkuTa una svarNa-yavoM ko cuga jAtA hai. svarNakAra muni ko bhikSA dekara bAhara AtA hai to svarNayava nahIM dikhAI dete. svarNakAra ko muni para hI AzaMkA hotI hai. vaha muni se pUchatA hai kintu muni ekadama mauna rahate haiM. muni ko jJAta thA ki svarNayavoM ko kukkuTa cuga gayA hai, kintu use prakaTa kara dene se kukkuTa ko prANoM se hAtha dhonA par3egA. svarNakAra isa mauna kA artha samajhatA hai ki svarNayavoM ko curAne vAlA yahI Jain Elation Intemation 22000002 Asal Use Onl waary.org
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________________ sAdhvI kusumavatI siddhAntAcAryA : bhAratIya saMskRti meM saMta kA mahattva : 566 muni hai. Aga babUlA hokara usane muni ke zarIra para sira se lagAkara paira paryanta gIlA camar3A gAr3ha bandhanoM se bAMdha diyA. jyoM-jyoM camar3A sukhatA hai, tyoM-tyoM muni ke zarIra kI nasoM ke jAla TUTane lage. aise samaya meM bhI muni ne nahIM prakaTa kiyA ki kukkuTa ne yava khAyeM haiM. apane prANoM kI Ahuti dekara bhI unhoMne usakI jAna bacAI. vahA~ kASThabhArI DAlane vAlA AtA hai. jyoM hI vaha kASTha kI bhArI ko bhUmi para DAlatA hai, jora kA zabda hotA hai aura usake bhaya se kukkuTa bITa karatA hai. usameM ve svarNayava nikala Ate haiM. una svarNa yavoM ko dekhakara svarNakAra ko apanI avicArita karanI para mahAn pazcAttApa hotA hai. vaha socatA hai-'hAya, nirdoSa muni kI hatyA kA pApa maiMne kara DAlA.' use itanA pazcAttApa hotA hai ki vaha ghara-bAra chor3akara usI samaya muni bana jAtA hai. saMta puruSa ke jIvana meM isa prakAra kI kaSTasahiSNutA aura dayAlutA hotI hai. saMta kA AMtarika jIvana-bha0 mahAvIra kA kathana hai ki AMtarika jIvana kI pavitratA ke binA koI bhI bAhya AcAra, koI bhI kriyAkANDa yA gambhIra vidvattA vyartha hai. saMkhyA ke vinA hajAroM binduoM kA koI mUlya nahIM hai, dhana rAzi ke vinA tijorI kA koI mahattva nahIM hai, usI prakAra antaHzuddhi ke vinA AdhyAtmika dRSTi se bAhyAcAra kA koI mUlya nahIM hai. jo kriyAkANDa kevala kAya se kiyA jAtA hai, aura antaratara se nahIM kiyA jAtA hai, usase AtmA pavitra nahIM banatI. AtmA ko nirmala aura pavitra banAne ke liye AtmasparzI AcAra kI anivArya AvazyakatA hai. sabhI santa samAna to nahIM hote kintu vizva meM anekoM hI aisI virala vibhUtiyA~ bhI Apako dikhAI degI, jo aMta:zuddhi pUrvaka bAhya kriyAyeM karatI haiM. aise vyakti abhinandanIya haiM. ve ni:ssandeha parama kalyANa ke bhAgI hote haiM. saMta ke jIvana meM prathama nizcaya bhAva AtA hai aura phira vyavahAra bhAva. nizcaya kA abhiprAya hai, apane mana meM kisI Adarza athavA lakSya ko sthApita karanA. jaba manuSya, jIvana kA lakSya nirdhArita kara letA hai to vaha socane lagatA hai ki vaha kauna se mArga para Age bar3he, kaunasI preraNA lekara cale to lakSya ko prApta karale ? aisA mAnava hI burAiyoM se lar3egA aura acchAiyoM ko grahaNa karegA. isa prakAra nizcaya bhAva pahile aura vyavahAra bhAva bAda meM AtA hai. saMtoM kA aMtarmAnasa sadA jAgRta rahatA hai. vaha AMtarika jIvana meM kabhI sotA nahIM hai. bhale hI ve Upara-Upara se soye hue dikhAI deM kintu unakA antArjIvana nirantara jAgarUka banA rahatA hai. bhagavAna mahAvIra ne pharamAyA hai:-"suttA amuNI, muNiNo sayA jAgaraMti" -AcArAMga. saMta ke jIvana meM jJAna rUpa jyoti nirantara jagamagAtI rahatI hai. unake jIvana se vizva meM tapa-saMyama rUpa saurabha nirantara mahakatI rahatI hai. unake jIvana meM samyagjJAna samyagdarzana aura samyak cAritra kA akSaya koSa bharA rahatA hai. isa prakAra santa kA Antarika jIvana tapa, japa kI jyoti se jAjvalyamAna hotA huA vizudvi kI ora bar3hatA calA jAtA hai. ja
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________________ zrIkalAvatI jaina jainAgama aura nArI zrAgamasAhitya meM nArI kA mahatva--samAjaracanA meM nArI aura puruSa donoM kA samAna mahattva rahA hai. samAja kA artha hai strI aura puruSa. usakA artha na kevala puruSa hai aura na kevala strI. samAja ke vikAsa meM donoM kA pRthak astitva, koI mUlya nahIM rakhatA. donoM vizvaratha ke do cakra haiM. usameM na koI choTA na koI bar3A. donoM kI samAnatA hI ratha kI gati-pragati hai. donoM hI samAja yA vizva-vyavasthA ke sahaja-svAbhAvika, anivArya evaM abhinna aMga haiM, donoM eka-dUsare ke paripUraka haiM, sahAyaka haiM, sahayogI haiM. samAja, rASTra evaM vizva ke vikAsa meM, vizva-itihAsa ko naI gati dene meM puruSa ke sAtha strI kA bhI mahattvapUrNa hAtha rahA hai. itihAsa ke pannoM ko palaTa kara dekheM, Apako svarNAkSaroM meM aMkita milegA ki nArI ne hara yuga meM vizva ko, mAnava jAti ko naI jyoti, naI preraNA evaM naI cetanA dI hai. itihAsa nArI ke ujjvala Adarza evaM tapa-tyAga-niSTha jIvana kA sAkSI hai. zramaNa-saMskRti meM nArI kA mahattva-zramaNa-saMskRti samatA aura sAbhyabhAva kI saMskRti hai. vaha AtmavizvAsa evaM guNa-vikAsa ko mahatva detI hai. zramaNa saMskRti ke mahAn unnAyakoM ne Atma-sAdhanA ke kSetra meM jAti-bheda, varga-bheda, aura raMga-bheda Adi ko kabhI svIkAra nahIM kiyA. zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra kA yaha vaca AghoSa rahA hai ki sAdhanA karane kA, Atma-vikAsa karane kA, mukti prApta karane kA sabako samAna rUpa se adhikAra hai. AtmasvarUpa kI dRSTi se vizva kI samasta AtmAe~ eka-sI haiM. jo ananta guNa yukta Atma-jyoti puruSa meM hai, vaisI hI Atma-jyoti nArI meM hai. ataH sAdhanA ke kSetra meM nara-nArI ke bheda kA koI mUlya nahIM hai. mUlya hai rAga-dveSa para, kAma-krodha para, kaSAyoM kI Aga para vijaya pAne kA. jo vyakti-bhale hI strI ho yA puruSa, rAga dveSa kSaya kara detA hai, vahI mahAn hai, vizva-vaMdya hai. usa yuga meM jaba ki vaidikaparamparA kA jora thA aura usameM strI evaM zUdra ko dharma-sAdhanA karane kA, veda par3hane evaM sunane kA koI adhikAra nahIM thA, zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ne nArI ko apane saMgha meM puruSa ke samAna sthAna evaM samAna adhikAra diyA aura nirbhayatA pUrvaka yaha ghoSita kiyA ki nArI bhI sAdhanA ke dvArA apane jIvana kA vikAsa kara sakatI hai. AtmA ke paramalakSya mukti ko prApta kara sakatI hai. ananta zAnti kA sAkSAtkAra kara sakatI hai. usa yuga meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI yaha eka mahAn krAnti thI, jisake liye unheM hajAroM-hajAra gAliyAM dI gaIM, unakA prabala virodha bhI kiyA gayA. parantu vaha satya evaM ahiMsA kA adhidevatA isase DarA nahIM, vikaMpita nahIM huA. vaha avicala bhAva se satya kA nAda guMjAtA rahA aura vinA kisI bheda-bhAva ke sabako satya kA, sAdhanA kA patha dikhAtA rahA. usakI caraNasevA meM puruSa AyA to use bhI sAdhanA kA patha dikhAyA aura jaba nArI usakI sevA meM pahu~cI to use Jain Education Drugseonly embrary.org JAN
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________________ kalAvatI jaina : jainAgama aura nArI : 601 bhI sAdhanA kI usI jyoti kA darzana karAyA. usakI sAdhanA kA dvAra saba ke liye khulA thA. usane strI kA bhI svAgata kiyA aura puruSa kA bhI. tathAgata buddha bhI bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samakAlIna mahApuruSa the. jAti-bheda kI dIvAra ko tor3ane evaM hiMsaka yajJoM kA virodha karane meM bhagavAn buddha ne sAhasa kA paricaya diyA. unake mana meM bhI nArI ke prati sammAna aura Adara ke bhAva the. usa yuga kI gaNikAoM ke jIvana ko badalane ke liye unhoMne bhI mahatvapUrNa kAma kiyA. parantu unake jIvana meM yaha eka mahAn kamajorI thI ki ve nArI ko apane bhikSusaMgha meM sthAna nahIM de sake. jaba kabhI unake pramukha ziSya Ananda ne unake sAmane nArI ko zramaNadIkSA dene kA prazna rakhA, taba unhoMne use TAlane meM hI apanA hita samajhA aura ve anta taka use TAlate hI rahe. anta meM Ananda eka bahina ko -- jo bhagavAn buddha kI parama ziSyA evaM ananya bhaktA thIle AyA aura bhagavAn buddha se nivedana kiyA ki yaha bahina Apake zramaNa saMgha meM praviSTha hone ke liye saba taraha yogya hai aura Apake upadeza ko jIvana meM sAkAra rUpa dene ke liye sarvathA upayukta hai, aisA maiMne dekha liyA hai. ataH ise Apa zramaNa-sAdhanA kA bhikSuNI banane kA upadeza deM. bhagavAn buddha isake liye taiyAra nahIM the. ve Ananda ke Agraha ko TAla na sake. unhoMne Ananda se itanA hI kahA : 'he Ananda ! maiM yaha kArya kevala tumhAre prema evaM Agraha ko rakhane ke liye kara rahA hU~ aura tumhAre sneha ke kAraNa hI yaha khatarA uThA rahA hU~. maiM ise bhikSuNI banA rahA hU~.' unhoMne Ananda ke Agraha ko rakhane ke liye bhikSuNI saMgha kI sthApanA kI. parantu unake sAtha yaha spaSTa kara diyA ki - 'he Ananda ! merA yaha zAsana eka hajAra varSa calatA, vaha aba pAMca sau varSa hI calegA.' 1 parantu isase yaha spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki tathAgata buddha ke mana meM bhaya yA Dara thA. unheM vyAvahArika bhUmikA chU gaI thI. parantu bhagavAn mahAvIra vyAvahArika bhUmikA se Upara uTha cuke the. unake mana meM, unake jIvana ke kisI bhI kone meM bhaya evaM Dara ko koI sthAna nahIM thA. isalie sAdhanA ke kSetra meM unhoMne strI aura puruSa meM tattvataH koI bheda nahIM rakhA. caturvidhasaMgha meM zramaNiyoM-sAdhviyoM ko zramaNa- sAdhu ke barAbara sthAna diyA aura zrAvikAoM ko zrAvaka ke samAna unhoMne sAdhu-sAdhvI zrAvaka-zrAvikA cAroM ko tIrtha kahA aura cAroM ko mokSa mArga kA pathika batAyA. Agama sAhitya meM nArI kA sthAna- bhagavAn mahAvIra kI abheda vicAradhArA kA hI yaha pratiphala hai ki unake zramaNa saMgha meM zramaNoM kI apekSA zramaNiyoM kI saMkhyA adhika rahI hai aura upAsaka varga meM bhI zramaNopAsakoM se zramaNopAsikAe~ saMkhyA meM dviguNAdhika thI. zramaNa 14000 the, to zramaNiyA~ 36000 thIM, aura Aja bhI sAdhuoM se sAdhviyoM kI aura zrAvakoM se zrAvikAoM kI saMkhyA adhika hai. yaha saMkhyA isa bAta kA jvalanta udAharaNa hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra ke zAsana meM nArI kA jIvana vikasita evaM pragatizIla rahA hai. Agama sAhitya kA anuzIlana parizIlana karane se spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki agAma-sAhitya meM nArI ke jyotirmaya jIvana kI gauravagAthA svarNAkSaroM meM aMkita hai. bhagavatIsUtra meM kauzAmbI ke zatAnIka rAjA kI bahina jayantI ke cintanazIla urvara mastiSka evaM tarkazakti kA paricaya milatA hai. vaha nirbhaya evaM nirdvandva bhAva se bhagavAn mahAvIra se prazna pUchatI hai, aura bhagavAn mahAvIra usake tarkoM kA samAdhAna karate haiM. isa vicAra carcA meM usakI sUkSma tarkazakti kA paricaya milatA hai aura isase yaha parijJAta hotA hai ki isake pIche usakA vizAla adhyayana, gahana cintana evaM satata svAdhyAya sAdhanA kA bala thA. dazavekAlika sUtra meM rAjamatI aura rathanemi kA saMvAda milatA hai. rAjamatI jaba bhagavAn neminAtha ke darzanArtha giranAra parvata para jA rahI thI, taba mArga meM varSA se bhIge hue vastroM ko sukhAne ke liye vaha eka guphA meM praviSTa huI vahA~ bhagavAn ne minAtha ke laghu bhrAtA rahanemi dhyAna sAdhanA meM saMlagna the rAjamatI ke saundarya ko dekhakara unakA mana vicalita ho uThA aura vaha sAdhanA evaM saMyama ke bAMdha ko tor3a kara bhAgane lagA. rahanemi ne rAjamatI ke sAmane bhoga bhogane kA prastAva rakhA. usa samaya saMyamaniSThA rAjamatI ne patha bhraSTa evaM vAsanA kI ora jAte hue rahanemi ko sAdhanA patha para lagAne kA prayatna son or camanthan// V Vopsea verona o www.library.org
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________________ + 602 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya + kiyA aura isameM vaha pUrNatayA saphala huI. Agama meM upalabdha saMvAda se usakI nirbhayatA, usake saMyama usake jJAna aura usakI samajhAne kI adbhuta zakti kA bodha hotA hai. bAhubalI ke abhimAna ko cUra-cUra karane vAlI bhagavAn RSabhadeva kI do putriyA~-brAhmI aura sundarI hI thIM, jo unakI bahineM thIM. una sAdhviyoM dvArA jagAI gaI cetanA, aura diyA gayA upadeza eka rAjasthAnI kavi ke zabdoM meM Aja bhI jana-jana kI jihvA para basA huA hai aura abhimAna evaM ahaMbhAva ke naze se madonmatta bane mAnava ko nirahaMkArI banane kI preraNA detA hai. 'vIrA mhArA gaja thakI utaro , gaja car3hayAM kevala na hosI re !' uttarAdhyayana-sUtra ke caudahaveM adhyayana meM bhRgu purohita kA varNana AtA hai. bhRgu purohita apane do putroM ke vairAgya se prabhAvita hokara apanI patnI ke sAtha dIkSA lene ko taiyAra huA, to rAjA ne usake dhana vaibhava ko apane bhaMDAra meM lAkara jamA karane kI AjJA dI. jaba rAjA kI patnI mahArAnI kamalAvatI ko isakA saMketa milA to usane rAjadarabAra meM upasthita hokara rAjA ko upadeza diyA, usakI dhana-lipsA ko dUra kiyA, mohanidrA ko bhaMga kiyA, aura use pratibodha dekara apane sAdhanApatha kA pathika banAyA. antakRtdazAMga sUtra meM magadha ke samrAT zreNika kI mahAkAlI, sukAlI Adi dasa mahArAniyoM kA varNana hai, jinhoMne zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ke upadeza se pratibodha pAkara sAdhanA-patha svIkAra kiyA. jo mahArAnI rAjaprAsAdoM meM, rahakara vibhinna prakAra ke ratnoM ke hAra evaM AbhUSaNoM se apane zarIra ko vibhUSita karatI thIM, ve jaba sAdhanA ke patha para gatizIla huI to kanakAvalI, ratnAvalI Adi tapazcaryA ke hAroM ko dhAraNa karake apanI Atma-jyoti ko camakAne lagI. isa taraha Agama-sAhitya ke aneka pRSThoM para nArI ke tapa, tyAga evaM saMyamaniSThA Adarza tathA jyotirmaya jIvana kI kahAnI svarNAkSaroM meM aMkita hai. isase yaha spaSTa siddha hotA hai ki zramaNa-saMskRti meM, AgamasAhitya meM nArI kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna rahA hai. nArI kA yaha mahattva usake tapa-tyAga, sahiSNutA, dayA-karuNA, vAtsalya Adi guNoM ke kAraNa rahA hai. bhagavAn mahAvIra ne hI nahIM, vartamAna yuga meM mahAtmA gAMdhI ne bhI nArI kI mahattA ko svIkAra kiyA hai. bApU ne aMgrejI ke 'harijana' patra meM nArI kI paribhASA dete hue use ahiMsA kI sAkAra mUrti kahA hai.-Woman is incarnation of Ahimsa. jainAcAryoM ne bhI nArI kI gauravagAthA gAI hai. AcArya jinasena ke sAhitya meM nArI ke Adarza jIvana kA ujjvala citraNa hai. eka jagaha AcArya ne likhA hai : "guNavatI nArI saMsAra meM sarva zreSTha pada ko prApta karatI hai. usakA nAma agrima paMkti meM sabase Upara aMkita rahatA hai." astu, nArI kA samAja ke vikAsa meM yuga-yugAntara se sahayoga rahA hai. usakI tejasvitA, sahiSNutA, zraddhA-niSThA evaM tapa-sAdhanA sadA adbhuta rahI hai. deza, samAja evaM dharma kI rakSA ke liye vaha apanA sarvasva nyochAvara karane meM kabhI pIche nahIM rahI. ataH nArI ko nagaNya samajhanA aura usake mahattva ko asvIkAra karanA, satya ko jhuThalAnA hai. nArI zraddhAsaMyama, samatA-mamatA evaM sahiSNutA kI sajIva mUrti hai, gRhadevI hai aura pratipala vizvavATikA ko apane vAtsalya-pIyUSa se siMcita karatI rahatI hai. usakI sneha-dhArA yuga-yugAntara se pravahamAna rahI hai aura Aja bhI satata gati se prabahamAna hai. vaha kyA hai aura usakA kyA kartavya hai, isa sambandha meM mahAkavi jayazaMkaraprasAda kA yaha padya hI paryApta hai : 'nArI tuma kevala zraddhA ho, vizvAsa rajata naga-paga pala meM , pIyUSa strota-sI bahA karo, jIvana ke sundara samatala meM!' Jain Education Intemational
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________________ zrInathamala duggar3a tathA zrIgajasiMha rAThaur3a zrI ela0pI0 jaina aura unakI saMketalipi gahuAM varNa, ThiMganA kada, vicArazIla medhAvI mastaka, brahmacarya ke teja se dedIpyamAna caur3A lalATa, choTe para tejasvI halke nIle netroM vAle, sAta bhASAoM ke zaoNrTahaiNDa ke prasiddha AviSkAraka zrI ela0 pI0 jaina kA pUrA nAma 'zrIlAdUrAma pUnamacanda khivesarA' thA, jo byAvara meM 'mAsTara sAhaba' ke nAma se jyAdA prasiddha the. dharma meM avicala zraddhA rakhane vAlI yaha tyAgamUrti byAvara meM apane jIvana ke antima cAlIsa varSoM se zikSA ke kSetra meM eka lagana se lagI rahI evaM apanI niSkAma sevA tathA tyAga ke bala para saikar3oM vidyArthiyoM ke hRdayoM meM patha-pradarzaka AdaraNIya guru ke rUpa meM pUjya bana gaI. prAtaH cAra baje ve uTha jAte the. eka ghaMTA dhyAna evaM svAdhyAya meM lagAte. ThIka pA~ca baje prArthanA aura usake bAda mIla Der3ha mIla Tahalane evaM anya zArIrika kArya se nivRtti ke pazcAt munidarzana kA unakA nizcita kAryakrama jIvana bhara nirdvandva gati se calatA rahA. san 1936 taka unakA adhikAMza samaya dhArmika zikSA evaM vyavasthA meM bItA, para isake bAda adhikAMza samaya zAstrapaThana, svAdhyAya evaM Atmacintana-manana meM, evaM thor3A jaina saMketalipi ke vikAsa evaM pracAra meM lagatA thA. ve 'dharma-zikSA,' 'dharma-zAstra' evaM 'saMketalipi' ina tIna viSayoM para vistAra se vicAraviniyama karanA pasanda karate the. anya kisI prazna kA ve uttara denA pasanda nahIM karate the. zAstrasvAdhyAya kI ora unakI gaharI ruci thI. kaI zAstra inhoMne kaNThastha kara liye the. unakA janma baiMgalora meM huA aura zikSAprApti ke pazcAt ve paMtrika vyavasAya meM laga gae. magara paristhitiyoM ne unheM zIghra hI vyavasAya-vimukha banA diyA. byAvara meM santasamAgama barAbara banA rahate dekhakara aura zAstra adhyayana aura svAdhyAya ke liye upayukta sthAna samajha kara san 1921 ke prArambha meM baiMgalora se apanA samasta kArobAra sameTa kara ve byAvara A gaye. baiMgalora meM rahate samaya hI unakI icchA jaina zramaNadIkSA lene kI ho gaI thI. para vidhi kA vidhAna kucha aura hI thA. byAvara nagara aura AsapAsa ke sthAnoM meM dhArmika zikSaNa kI kamI unhoMne dekhI, sAtha hI logoM kI jijJAsA bhI dekhI. isase unako kucha sphUti milI. Aye the kevala apanA hita karane, para karane lage dUsaroM ke bhI jJAnalAbha kI bAta. dhuna ke pakke the hI. turanta apanA mArga nizcita kiyA aura eka 'jaina-pAThazAlA' kI sthApanA kara dI. prauDha logoM ko dhArmika zikSaNa dene ke nimitta eka rAtripAThazAlA bhI calAne lage. phira to eka chAtrAlaya bhI sthApita ho gayA aura zikSA kI sundara vyavasthA ho gaI. zanaiH-zana: dhArmika jJAna ke liye aura pramukha rUpa se ucca dhArmika jJAna ke liye saMskRta bhASA kA jJAna jarUrI samajhA gayA aura isa hetu jo chaH mAha kA pAThyakrama rakhA gayA thA, use badalA gayA aura ATha varSa kA kiyA gayA. isake saMcAlana ke liye eka alaga saMsthA kA bhI 'zrI jaina-bIrAzrama' ke nAma se nirmANa kiyA gayA. isa meM saMskRta pAlI evaM arddhamAgadhI bhASA ke granthoM ke tathA darzana Adi viSayoM ke adhyApana kA prabandha kiyA gayA. Jain - -- www.janelibrary.org
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________________ 604 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : tRtIya adhyAya unakI aneka denoM meM sabase mahattvapUrNa dena 'jaina saMketalipi' ke rUpa meM amara rahegI. isa saMketalipi ke AviSkAra kI bhUmikA apane caritranAyaka ke hI zabdoM meM hama nIce uddhRta kara rahe haiM : 'kaI varSoM se mere hRdaya meM yaha taraMga uTha rahI thI ki sarva dezavAsiyoM kA eka hI bhASA meM bolanA to asambhava hai kintu sambhava hai ki lekhanapraNAlI meM kucha saphalatA mila jAya. isase prerita hokara maiMne socA ki eka aisI lipi kA AviSkAra kiyA jAya ki jisake saMketa itane sarala aura thor3e hoM, jinako kisI bhI bhASA meM kisI bhI deza kA rahanevAlA vidvAn samajha sake aura mAtra tIna yA cAra mahIne ke thor3e se parizrama se sIkha sake. isa lipi ke saMketa itane vyApaka hoM ki kisI bhI deza kI kisI bhI bhASA kA zabda isameM saralatA se aMkita kiyA jA sake. likhane meM bhI yaha itanI saMkSipta ho ki jisako vaktA kI bhASA kA thor3A bahuta bhI jJAna ho vaha vaktA ke muMha se nikale hue zabdoM ko zIghratA se isa lipi meM noTa kara sake. kintu mere hRdaya meM isa lipi ke liye itanI prabala uttejanA nahIM thI ki zIghra hI vyavasthita kara dI jAya. 'ise zIghra vyavasthita na karane meM mukhya Apatti yaha thI ki isakA pratyeka saMketa, cAhe kitane hI saMketoM meM mila jAne para bhI, apanI hI zakla kA dyotaka banA rahe yAni do saMketoM ke mila jAne para bhI tIsare saMketa kA sandeha na ho jAya. kyoMki merI icchA thI ki pratyeka zabda va vAkya ko aMkita karane meM jahA~ taka ho kalama kama uThAI jAya. 'ina saMketoM ke milAna kI Apatti ne hI mujhe vizeSa bhaMjhaTa meM DAla diyA. vilamba hone kA mukhya kAraNa yahI thA. inhIM ApatiyoM para vicAra karate hue jaba ki zrImAn jainAcArya pUjyavara muni zrIjavAhiralAlajI mahArAja ke apUrva aura vilakSaNa prabhAvotpAdaka bhASaNoM ko maiMne sunA, to merI yaha icchA ho jAnA svAbhAvika hI thI ki aisA yatna zIghra kiyA jAya jisase hara eka manuSya unake bhAvoM kA jisa samaya bhI cAhe manana kara sake. 'jaba ki deza ke prasiddha netA paM0 madanamohanajI mAlavIya yAdi vidvAnoM ne bhI unake bhASaNoM kI mukta kaNTha se prazaMsA kI hai aura yaha bhI sunane meM AyA hai ki inhIM pUjya zrI kI racita 'dharmavyAkhyA' nAmaka pustaka kI saMsAraprasiddha mahAtmA gAMdhIjI ne bhI prazaMsA kI hai aura usakA anuvAda aMgrejI meM hone kI bhI AvazyakatA batalAI hai to phira bhalA yadi mere hRdaya meM unake amUlya upadezoM ko saMgraha karane ke bhAva jAgRta hue to isameM vizeSatA hI kyA hai ? isI uddezya se prerita ho, maiM isa uparokta 'saMketalipi' kI ora vizeSa lakSyapUrvaka parizrama karane lagA. harSa kA viSaya hai ki maiM uparokta sarva ApattiyoM ko nivAraNa karatA huA, gurukRpA se isa lipi - AviSkAra ke kArya meM saphala huA. isa saphalatA ke utsAha ne hI mujhe isa saMketalipi (pANDa) meM sarvaprathama pustaka likhane ke liye prerita kiyA hai. 'manuSya jaba kucha bolatA hai to vaha vaijJAnika rUpa zabda yAni AvAja karatA hai. unhIM zabdoM ke bhinna-bhinna saMketa hote haiM. unhIM saMketoM se aneka zabda va vAkya banate haiM. ve saMketa bahuta adhika nahIM haiM arthAt thor3e se haiM. aura yadi manuSya una saMketoM ko pahicAna le to phira kisI bhI bhASA meM koI kyoM nahIM bolA ho, una zabdoM ko lipibaddha kara sakatA hai. 'maiMne isa pustaka meM zabdoM kI dhvani ko saMketabaddha karane kA prayatna kiyA hai aura maiM samajhatA hU~ ki eka khAsa sImA taka isameM saphala bhI ho sakA hU~. pAThakoM ko uparokta bAtoM se jJAta ho jAyagA ki yaha lipi dhvani ko lipibaddha karane kA sAdhana hai aura isIlie isake dvArA kisI bhI bhASA kI dhvani likhI jA sakegI. lekina sirpha dhvani ko likhane se hI hamArA uddezya siddha nahIM ho sakatA. yoM to saba bhASAoM kI varNamAlAe~ hI dhvaniyoM ko likhane kA sAdhana haiM parantu AvazyakatA hai zArTahaiNDa meM eka vizeSatA kI, ki vaktA ke bole hue zabdoM ko zIghratA se aMkita kara usake muMha se dUsarA zabda nikalane ke pahale usako grahaNa karane ke liye samaya para taiyAra ho jAne kI. isake liye bahuta thor3e samaya meM manuSya ko bahuta-sA kArya karanA par3atA hai. isalie cihnoM ke sarala hone kI ati AvazyakatA hai tAki zIghratA pUrvaka likhe jA sakeM. isa lipi ke baddha karane meM saralatA aura zIghratA pUrvaka likhe jAne vAle saMketoM kI tarapha pUrNatayA lakSya rakhA gayA hai. Azcarya nahIM ki isa saMketalipi meM zIghratA se noTa lene vAle vidvAn thor3e hI samaya meM saikaDoM kI saMkhyA meM paidA ho jAe~. Jain Edication International www.jainelibran.org
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________________ nathamala dgar3a tathA gajasiMha rAThaur3a : zrI ela0pI0 jaina aura unakI saMketalipi : 605 'isa lipi meM zuddhatApUrvaka likhA huA lekha isI lipi kA jAnane vAlA dUsarA vidvAn bhI bhalI bhA~ti par3ha sakegA. dUsare zArTahaiNDoM ke saMketoM meM prAya: moTAI aura bArIkapana jarA kama jyAdA ho jAne se matalaba kucha kA kucha nikala AtA hai aura ve saMketa itane adhika aura kaThina hote haiM ki unakA pUrNatayA hara samaya yAda rakhanA duSkara ho jAtA hai aura yadi cAra chaH mahIne zArTahaiNDa likhane kA abhyAsa na kiyA jAya to use phira kaThina prayAsa karanA par3atA hai. taba hI vaha apanA kArya ucita rUpa se karane meM saphala ho sakatA hai. isake atirikta una saMketoM ke moTe aura patalepana ke hetu khAsa taura kA kImatI phAunTena paina rakhane kI AvazyakatA hotI hai. parantu maiMne cihnoM ko sarala aura thor3e banAne kA pUrNatayA yatna kiyA hai. tAki isa lipi kA jAnane vAlA dUsarA vyakti bhI isa lipi ke lekhaka ke lekha kA anuvAda kara sake aura yadi kucha samaya taka kAraNavaza abhyAsa chUTa bhI jAya to una saMketoM ko sirpha eka hI saptAha meM phira se taiyAra kara sake. isake likhane meM sirpha bar3hiyA nokadAra paiMsila hI kAphI hai. 'uparokta bAtoM ke par3hane se pAThakoM ko yaha bhI bhalIbhAMti vidita ho hI gayA hogA ki isa lipi ko jAnane ke liye na to vizeSa pANDitya kI hI AvazyakatA hai, aura na adhika samaya kI hI. isa lipi ke saMketoM para eka sAdhAraNa par3hAlikhA yAni eka cauthI kakSA uttIrNa catura vidyArthI pUrNa parizrama se sirpha 3 mahIne ke prayAsa hI se isa lipi ke saMketa para apanA Adhipatya prApta kara sakatA hai aura gati bar3hAne para kisI bhI hindI vaktA ke zabdoM ko zIghratApUrvaka lipibaddha karane meM samartha ho sakatA hai. hameM AzA hai ki yaha lipi kacaharI, Aphisa vaktAoM ke noTa, adhyApakoM ke noTa aura samAcArapatroM ke saMvAdadAtAoM ko, jahA~ bhI zIghratA kI AvazyakatA hogI, una sabake liye samaya kI bacata aura sucAru rUpa se kArya sAdhana karane meM ati lAbhadAyaka siddha hogI. 'anta meM maiM una mahAtmA jainAcArya pUjyavara muni zrIjavAharalAlajI mahArAja kA parama kRtajJa hU~ ki jinake madhura aura vidvAttApUrNa bhASaNa hI isake AviSkAra ke pradhAna kAraNa the aura unake bhASaNoM ko lipibaddha karane kI Anandamaya AzA hI sarva kaThinAIyoM ko dUra karane meM merA AzAmaya pradIpa thA jo ki mujhe saphalatA taka pahu~cA sakA.' Aja unakA yaha prayAsa saphalatA ke zikhara para pahuMca gayA hai. saiMkar3o kI saMkhyA meM isa jaina saMketalipi se niSNAta lekhaka deza bhara meM phaile hue haiM. isa saMketa lipi ke lekhaka mukhyatayA rAjasthAna, madhyapradeza, evaM mahArASTra, kI vidhAnasabhAoM meM pramukha rUpa se sarakArI riporTaroM ke pada para kArya kara rahe haiM. vaise deza bhara ke sarakArI evaM gairasarakArI kAryAlayoM meM inake jAnakAroM kI bharamAra hai. yaha jaina saMketalipi isa deza meM pracalita samasta saMketalipiyoM meM adhika sarala aura zIghragrAhya ginI jAtI hai. yahI kAraNa hai ki hara varSa saikar3oM kI saMkhyA meM isa deza ke navayuvaka isa lipi kA adhyayana karake bhAvI jIvana kA nirmANa kara rahe haiM. san 1631 meM inhoMne jaina saMketalipi kA nirmANa kiyA aura jaina jagat meM hI nahIM, deza meM ve apanI eka amara yAdagAra chor3a gaye. Aja unakI yaha saMketalipi hindI, aMgrejI, gujarAtI, baMgalA, marAThI Adi deza kI samasta bhASAoM meM pracalita hai. samasta bhASAoM meM isakA sAhitya chapA huA hai. Apane apane jIvanakAla meM hI isa aviSkAra ko saphala hote dekha liyA, yaha prasannatA kI bAta hai. usa mahAn karmavIra gRhasthasaMta ke prati hama zraddhA se natamastaka haiM. vAstava meM unakA samagra jIvana Adarza aura atyanta spRhaNIya rahA. na kevala jaina samAja hI pratyuta samagra deza cirakAla taka unakA AbhArI rahegA. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ zrI zrIraMjana sUrideva bihAra rASTrabhASA pariSad, paTanA dakSiNa bhArata meM jainadharma [prastuta nibaMdha meM lekhaka ne zrA0 bhadrabAhu ke sambaMdha meM mAgadhIya duSkAla ke kAraNa dakSiNa gamana kA jo ullekha kiyA vaha di0 jaina mAnyatAnusAra hai. jabaki zve0 paraMparA kA abhimantavya hai ki prAcArya zrI dvAdazavarSIya duSkAlanivAraNArtha dakSiNa kI ora prasthAna kara nepAla meM AdhyAtmika sAdhanA karane meM tallIna rahe.-sampAdaka] Adi tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva dvArA jainadharma kA pracAra dakSiNa-bhArata meM huA, aisA paurANika jaina itihAsa ke adhyayana se patA calatA hai. jainazAkhA ke pramukha do bheda sarvavidita haiM-zvetAmbara aura digambara. tamila ke 'ratnAkarazataka" Adi prAcIna kAvyoM se spaSTa hai ki unake racanA-kAla meM, dakSiNa-bhArata meM, digambara jainadharma hI pracalita thA. arvAcIna jaina AmnAya kA yaha mata hai ki samrAT candragupta maurya ke guru zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke sAtha hI jainadharma kA praveza dakSiNa-bhArata meM huA. parantu, jainoM kI pAramparya mAnyatA yaha hai ki uttara-bhArata ke janasaMgha kI taraha dakSiNa-bhAratIya jainasaMgha bhI prAcInatama hai. yahI kAraNa thA ki uttara meM suprasiddha dvAdazavarSavyApI ghora akAla par3ane para dharmarakSA ke khayAla se bhadrabAhu svAmI apane saMgha ke sAtha dakSiNa-bhArata gaye the. unakA hI saMgha jJAta rUpa meM dakSiNa kA pahalA digambara jainasaMgha thA, aisA kahA jAtA hai. kucha bhAratIyetara vidvAn DaoN0 hArnale Adi kA kathana hai ki akAla par3ane para zAkhAbhedarahita jainasaMgha ke pradhAna sthavira bhadrabAhu apane jisa saMgha ke sAtha magadha se karNATaka gaye, usakA rUpa digambara hI raha gayA aura magadha ke avaziSTa jaina sadasya, jisake pradhAna sthavira sthUlabhadra the, zvetAmbara kahalAye, zvetAmbara zveta paridhAna ke premI the aura digambaroM ke liye dizAe~ hI vasana thIM. magadha meM punaH zAnti kI sthApanA ke bAda jainasaMgha jaba karNATaka se magadha lauTA, taba usane magadha ke janasaMgha se saMbaMdhaviccheda kara apanA alaga siddhAnta calAyA.2 astuH, dakSiNa kA yaha digambara jainasaMgha drAvir3oM ke bIca bahu AdRta thA. kucha vidvAn yaha mAnate haiM ki drAvir3a loga prAyaH nAgajAti ke vaMzaja the. jisa samaya nAgarAjAoM kA zAsana dakSiNa-bhArata meM thA, usa samaya nAga logoM ke bahuta se rIti-rivAja aura saMskAra drAvir3oM meM bhI pracalita ho gaye the. nAgapUjA unameM bahuta pracalita thI. jainatIrthaMkaroM meM do supArzvanAtha aura pArzvanAtha kI mUttiyA~ nAga-mUttiyoM ke sadRza thIM. jainoM kI sahaja sarala pUjA-praNAlI ko bhI drAvir3oM ne AsAnI se apanA liyA. itanA to spaSTa hai ki dakSiNa-bhArata meM digambara jainadharma kI janasamudAya meM vizeSa mAnyatA thI; parantu digambarasiddhAnta kI bahulatA ke bAvajUda dakSiNa-bhArata meM zvetAmbaroM kI bhI pahu~ca huI thI. zvetAmbarIya zAstroM se prakaTa hai ki kAlakAcArya peThana ke rAjA ke guru the. phalataH, spaSTa hai ki zvetAmbara jaina Andhra-deza taka pahu~ce the. isake bAda IsavIpUrva dUsarI zatI meM zvetAmbaroM ke guru pAdaliptAcArya malakher3a taka gaye the, parantu unhoMne apane dharma ke pracAra meM kahA~ 1. ratnAkarazataka' tathA usake kartA kavi ratnAkara ke sambandha meM dekhie merA lekha; mAsika 'saMtavANI' (paTanA), varSa 3, aMka 7, sita0 19580. 2. isa saMbaMdha meM vizeSa vicaraNa ke lie dekhie, merA lekhaH 'upAsaka dazAsUtra : eka adhyayana' traimA0 'sAhitya' (paTanA), varSa 1, aMka 3. 3. kAlakAcArya ke saMbaMdha meM vizeSa vivRti ke lie zrImestuMgAcAryakRta 'prabandhacintAmaNi'. Jain EBERSPREBERENSINONENBOEINESENOSNOENEN
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________________ Ja zrIraMjana sUri deva : dakSiNa bhArata meM jainadharma : 607 taka saphalatA prApta kI, ThIka-ThIka nahIM kahA jA sakatA. tatsthAnIya pA~cavIM zatI ke eka tAmralekha meM pahale-pahala zvetAmbara jainasaMgha kA ullekha bhI prApta hotA hai. zrImadrAbhutavalI ke bahuprasiddha saMgha ke uparAnta zAstroM meM dakSiNa bhArata ke usa digambara jainasaMgha kA patA calatA hai, jo zrIdharasenAcAryajI ke samaya meM mahimAnagarI meM sammilita huA thA. yaha nagarI vartamAna satArA jile kA 'mahimAnagar3ha' pratIta hotA hai. jainasaMgha ke antima tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra varddhamAna aura gaNadhara gautamasvAmI ke uparAnta kundakundAcArya ko smaraNa karane kI paripATI pracalita hai. zilAlekhoM meM inakA nAma koNDakunda likhA milatA hai. isa zabda kA mUla udgama drAvir3abhASA se hai, usIkA zrutimadhura saMskRta rUpa kundakunda prathita huA hai. kahA jAtA hai ki inakA yathArtha nAma padmanandi piccha nAmoM se bhI prasiddha the. ye kuDakunda nAmaka sthAna ke adhi prasiddha hue the. inhoMne aneka granthoM kI prAkRta meM tathA tamila meM bhI dhvanita kiyA. thA, parantu ye kundakunda bakkhIva, elAcArya aura vAsI the, isIlie ye koNDakundAcArya nAma se racanA kI aura jainadharma ke jAgaraNa kA vijaya zaMkha tamila ke apUrva nItigrantha 'kurala' ke viSaya meM bhI kahA jAtA hai ki yaha zrI kundakundAcArya kI racanA hai. tamilavAsI isa grantha ko apanA veda mAnate haiM. kurala meM kula 80 pariccheda haiM pUrA grantha upadezoM aura nItivAkyoM ke sAtha hI tIrthaMkaroM kI guNagAthAoM aura gaurava garimA se paripUrita hai. kundakundAcArya ke bAda dakSiNA jainasaMgha meM bhagavAn umAsvAmI yA umAsvAti ( I0 prathama zatI) ke astitva kA patA calatA hai. kundakundAcArya kI taraha unakI bhI mAnyatA zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM meM hai. digambara jainasAhitya ke anusAra umAsvAti kundakundAcArya ke vaMzaja the evaM unakA dUsarA nAma gRdhrapicchAcArya thA. zvetAmbarIya prasiddha grantha 'tatvArthAdhigamasUtra' ke bhASya meM umAsvAti ke viSaya meM jo prazasti milatI hai, usase vidita hotA hai ki unakA janma 'nyagrodhikA' nAmaka sthAna meM huA thA. inake pitA svAti aura mAtA vAtsI thIM. inakA gotra kaubhISaNa thA. inake dIkSAguru zramaNa ghoSanandi aura vidyAguru vAcakAcArya mUla the. inhoMne kusumapura (paTanA) nAmaka sthAna meM apanA prasiddha grantha tatvArthAdhigamasUtra racA thA. donoM hI -- zvetAmbara - digambara - sampradAyoM meM ye 'vAcaka' kI padavI se abhihita the. zvetAmbaroM kI mAnyatA ke anusAra inhoMne pAMca sau grantha race the. ye saMbhavata: pahalI zatI ke prasiddha dArzanika jainavidvAn the. umAsvAti ke pazcAt zrIsamantabhadrasvAmI kA nAma jainadharma ke agradUta ke rUpa meM liyA jAtA hai. inhoMne dakSiNa bhArata ke kadamba vaMza ko suzobhita kiyA thA. inake pitA phaNimaNDalAntargata uragapura ke kSatriya rAjA the. svAmI samantabhadra kA bAlyakAla jainadharma ke kendrasthAna - uragapura meM vyatIta huA thA. inhoMne apane-Apako dharmArtha arpaNa kara diyA thA. zrI samantabhadrasvAmI jaina siddhAnta ke marmajJa hone ke alAvA tarka, vyAkaraNa, chanda, alaMkAra, kAvya, koza Adi granthoM meM pUrNataH niSNAta the. ye vividha deza paryaTaka bhI the| nimnalikhita zloka se patA calatA hai ki ye deza paryaTana ke silasile meM dharmapracArArtha evaM zAstrArtha ke hetu pATaliputra [paTanA ]' padhAre the. zloka isa prakAra hai : pUrvaM pATaliputramadhyanagare bherI mayA tADitA, pazcAnmAlavasindhukkaviSaye kAMcIpurIvaidize / prApto'haM karadAyaka bahumata vidyotkaTa saGkaTa, vAdArthI vicarAmyahaM narapate ! zArdUlavikrIDitam / 1. zrI DI0 jI0 mahAjana ke matAnusAra yaha pATaliputra magadha kA suprasiddha pATanagara (paTanA) na hokara dakSiNa bhArata kA pATaliputra bhI ho abhinandana graMtha pR0 316-322 se vidita hotA hai. sakatA hai jaisA ki va - sampAdaka 2. Takka (paMjAba) SEINENEINAN INIZINI INZINZINESEING 1 SEINEISENBEISEINE dary.org
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________________ 608 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : tRtIya adhyAya isa prakAra, zAstrArtha kI vijaya-dundubhI ninAdita karate hue svAmI samantabhadra ne karahATaka (satArA) nagara pahuMcakara vahA~ ke rAjA ko zAstrArtha ke liye lalakArA thA. svAmI samantabhadra ke race granthoM meM-AptamImAMsA, yuktyanuzAsana, svayambhUstotra, ratnakaraNDaka upAsakAdhyayana, prAkRtavyAkaraNa, gandhahastimahAbhASya Adi pramukha haiM. kahanA na hogA ki ina vareNya AcAryoM ne dakSiNa-bhArata meM jainadharma kA amara pracAra kiyA aura jana-jana ko, jainadharma ke mAdhyama se, janadharma kA paricaya dekara unake jIvana ko saphala kiyA. isameM koI saMdeha nahIM ki jainazAstrAnusAra uttara-bhArata kI bhA~ti dakSiNa-bhArata ke dezoM meM bhI sarvaprathama bhagavAn RSabhadeva dvArA hI sabhyatA aura saMskRti kA pracAra huA. jaba RSabhadeva samUce deza kI dharma-vyavasthA karane lage, taba indra ne sAre deza ko nimnalikhita 52 pradezoM meM vibhakta kiyA. sukosala, avantI, puNDra, uNDra, azmaka, ramyaka, kuru, kAzI, kaliMga, aMga, baMga, suhana, samadraka, kazmIra, uzInara Anata, vatsa, paMcAla, mAlava, dazArNa, kaccha, magadha, vidarbha, kurujAMgala, karahATa, mahArASTra, surASTra, AbhIra, koMkaNa, vanavAsa, Andhra, karNATa, kosala, cola, kerala, dAru, abhisAra, sauvIra, zUrasena, aparAnta, videha, sindhu, gAndhAra, yavana, cedi, pallava, kAmboja, AraTTha, vAhlIka, turuSka, zaka aura kekaya.-(AdipurANa, parva 16) / ukta pradezoM meM azmaka, ramyaka, karahATa, mahArASTra, AbhIra, koMkaNa, vanavAsa, Andhra. karNATa, cola, kerala Adi deza dakSiNabhArata meM milate haiM. isase spaSTa hai ki bhagavAn RSabhadeva dvArA ina dezoM kA astitva-nirdhAraNa aura saMskRti-parirmAjana huA thA. kahanA na hogA ki dakSiNa-bhArata meM jainadharma kA aitihAsika Arambha karmabhUmi ke AdikAla se hI huA, jo kAla kI dRSTi se paurANika tathA aitihAsika ina do rUpoM meM lipibaddha kiyA gayA. kucha vidvAnoM kI kalpanA hai ki bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke dvitIya putra samrAT bAhubalI hI dakSiNa-bhArata ke sarvAgraNI dharmapravartaka the. vaha bhI isa anumAna para ki bAhubalI ke zAsana-kSetra azmaka, ramyaka tathA podanapura dakSiNa-bhArata meM hI avasthita the. hAlAMki, podanapura ke sambandha meM paryApta matabheda hai. podanapura kisI ke mata meM takSazilA hai, aura kisI ke mata meM dakSiNapatha-sthita pradeza vizeSa. Adhunika sudhI zodhakoM ke matAnusAra dakSiNa-bhArata meM jainadharma kA praveza atyanta prAcInakAlIna nahIM, varan mauryakAlIna hai. unakA kahanA hai ki samrAT candragupta maurya ke guru zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ne jaba uttara bhArata meM bhISaNa akAla kI sambhAvanA dekhI, taba ve saMgha-sahita dakSiNa bhArata cale gaye aura unhoMne hI vahA~ kI janatA ko jainadharma se paricita karAyA. aitihAsika dRSTi se prAcya aura pAzcAtya itihAsavidoM kA isa viSaya meM aikamatya hai, honA bhI cAhie; kyoMki paramparA ke AdhAra para dharma kA mUlyAMkana nirdhama nahIM ho sakatA. paramparAvAdI jainoM ke vicAra se yaha bahupracalita hai ki dakSiNa-bhArata meM, khAsakara vahA~ ke prAcIna tamila (Andhra)rAjya meM vaidika aura bauddhadharma ke atirikta jainadharma bhI prAcInakAla se pracalita thA. san 138 I0 meM vahA~ alekjeNDiyA ke 'peNTenasa' nAma kA eka IsAI pAdarI AyA thA. usane likhA hai ki vahA~ usane zramaNa (jaina sAdhu), brAhmaNa aura bauddha guruoM ko dekhA thA, jinako bhAratavAsI bar3I zraddhA se pUjate the; kyoMki ukta guruoM kA jIvana bar3A hI pavitra thA. tamila ke 'saMgama' granthoM-'maNimekhala', 'zIlappadhikAram' Adi-se patA calatA hai ki jaina sAdhuoM kA prAcIna nAma 'zramaNa' thA, kintu kAlakrama se bauddhoM ne bhI isa zabda ko apanA liyA. kintu, dakSiNa-bhArata ke sAhitya-granthoM aura zilAlekhoM meM sarvatra 'zramaNa' zabda kA prayoga jainoM ke lie hI huA hai. isase yaha bhI apracchanna hai ki zramaNopAsakoM kI saMkhyA vahA~ prAcIna kAla meM atyadhika thI. Jain Education Interational
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________________ DaoN. rAjakumAra jaina ema0 e0, pI-eca0 DI0, sAhityAcArya, adhyakSa, saMskRtavibhAga AgarA kAleja, AgarA vRSabhadeva tathA ziva-saMbaMdhI prAcya mAnyatAe~ vRSabhadeva tathA ziva donoM hI ati prAcIna kAla se bhArata ke mahAn ArAdhya deva haiM. vaidika kAla se lekara madhya yuga taka prAcya vAGmaya meM donoM kA deva devatAoM ke vividha rUpoM meM aMkana huA hai, vaha adhyayana kA bar3A manoraMjaka viSaya hai. prastuta lekha meM unhIM mAnyatAoM kI vistArapUrvaka carcA kI jA rahI hai. upalabdha bhAratIya prAcya sAhitya ke adhyayana se spaSTa hai ki bhagavAna RSabhadeva kI jo mAnyatA evaM pUjyatA jaina paramparA meM hai. hindU paramparA meM bhI vaha usI koTi kI hai. jisa prakAra jaina paramparA meM unheM mAnya evaM saMstuta kiyA gayA hai, hindU zAstra evaM purANa bhI unheM bhagavAn ke avatAra ke rUpa meM mAnya karate haiM. zrImadbhAgavata' meM bhagavAn vRSabhadeva kA bar3A hI sundara carita aMkita kiyA gayA hai. isameM bhagavAn kI svayaMbhU manu, priyavrata, AgnIdhra, nAbhi tathA vRSabha-ina pAMcoM pIr3hiyoM kI vaMzaparamparA kA varNana karate hue likhA hai ki AgnIdhra ke putra nAbhirAjA ke koI putra nahIM thA. ata: unhoMne putra kI kAmanA se marudevI ke sAtha yajJa kiyA. bhagavAna ne darzana diye. RtvijoM ne unakA saMstavana kiyA aura nivedana kiyA ki rAjarSi nAbhi kA yaha yajJa bhagavAn ke samAna putralAbha kI icchA se sampanna ho rahA hai. bhagavAn ne uttara diyA-'mere samAna to maiM hI hU~, anya koI nahIM. tathApi brahmavAkya mithyA nahIM honA cAhie. ata: maiM svayaM hI apanI aMzakalA se AgnIdhranandana nAbhi ke yahA~ avatAra lUMgA.' isI varadAna ke phalasvarUpa bhagavAn ne RSabha ke rUpa meM janma liyA. isI purANa meM Age likhA hai-yajJa meM RSiyoM dvArA prasanna kiye jAne para viSNudata parIkSitta svayaM zrI bhagavAn 'viSNu' mahArAja nAbhi kA priya karane ke liye unake antaHpura kI mahArAnI marUdevI ke garbha meM Aye. unhoMne isa pavitra zarIra kA avatAra vAtarazanA zramaNa RSiyoM ke dharmoM ko prakaTa karane kI icchA se grahaNa kiyA.2 bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke IzvarAvatAra hone kI mAnyatA prAcInakAla meM itanI baddhamUla huI ki ziva mahApurANa meM bhI unheM ziva ke aTThAIsa yogAvatAroM meM ginAyA gayA prAcInatA kI dRSTi se bhI yaha avatAra rAmakRSNa ke avatAroM se bhI pUrvavartI mAnya kiyA gayA hai. isa avatAra kA jo hetu zrImadbhAgavata meM dikhalAyA gayA hai vaha zramaNa dharma kI paramparA ko aMsadigdha rUpa se bhAratIya sAhitya ke prAcInatama grantha Rgveda se saMyukta karA detA hai. RSabhAvatAra kA hetu vAtarazanA zramaNa RSiyoM ke dharmoM ko prakaTa karanA batalAyA hai. zrImadbhAgavata meM RSabhAvatAra kA eka anya uddezya bhI 1. zrImadbhAgavata 5, 2-6. 2. 'barhiSi tasminneva viSNudatta bhagavAn paramarSibhiH 'prasAdito nAmaH priyacikIrSayA tadavarodhAyane merudevyAM dharmAndarzayitukAmo vAtarazanAnAM zramaNAnAM RSINAm UrdhvamanthinAM zuklayA tanudAvatatAra.'-zrImadbhAgavata paJcama skandha. 3. ziva purANa. 7, 2, 6. Jain auratbrary.org
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________________ 610 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya isa prakAra batalAyA gayA hai: 'ayamavatAro rajasopaplutakaivalyopazikSaNArtham / ' arthAt bhagavAn kA yaha avatAra rajoguNI jana ko kaivalya kI zikSA dene ke liye huA thA. kintu ukta vAkya kA yaha artha bhI saMbhava hai ki yaha avatAra raja se upapluta arthAt rajodhAraNa 'mala dhAraNa karanA' vRtti dvArA kaivalya kI zikSA ke liye huA thA. jaina sAdhuoM ke AcAra meM asnAna, adantadhAvana tathA malaparISaha Adi ke dvArA rajodhAraNa vRtti ko saMyama kA eka Avazyaka aMga mAnA gayA hai. buddha ke samaya meM bhI rajojallika zramaNa vidyamAna the. tathAgata ne zramaNoM kI AcArapraNAlI meM vyavasthA lAte hue eka bAra kahA thA - 'nAhaM bhikkhave saMghATikassa saMghATidhAraNamattena sAmanaM vadAmi, acelakassa acelakamattena rajojallikassa rajojallikamattena jaTilakassa jaTAdhAraNamattena sAmanaM vadAmi.' arthAt-he bhikSuo, maiM saMghATika ke saMghATI dhAraNa mAtra se zrAmaNya nahIM kahatA, acelaka ke acelakatva mAtra se, rajojallika ke rajojallika mAtra se aura jaTilaka ke jaTA dhAraNamAtra se bhI zrAmaNya nahIM kahatA. bhArata ke prAcInatama sAhitya ke adhyayana se spaSTa hai ki ukta vAtarazanA tathA rajojallika sAdhuoM kI paramparA bahuta prAcIna paramparA hai. Rgveda meM ullekha hai : 'munayo vAtarazanA pizaMgA vasate malA , vAtasyAnu dhAji yanti yaddevAso avisata / unmAditA mauneyena vAtAM zrAtasthimA vayam , zarIre dasmAkaM sU yaM martAso abhizyatha / ' atIndriyArthadarzI vAtarazanA muni mala dhAraNa karate haiM jisase ve piMgala varNa dikhAI dete haiM. jaba ve vAyu kI gati ko prANopAsanA dvArA dhAraNa kara lete haiM, taba ve apane tapa kI mahimA se dedIpyamAna hokara devatA svarUpa ko prApta hojAte haiM. vAtarazanA muni prakaTa karate haiM-samasta laukika vyavahAra ko chor3akara hama maunavRtti se unmattavat 'paramAnandasampanna' vAyu bhAva 'azarIrI dhyAnavRtti' ko prApta hote haiM. tuma sAdhAraNa manuSya hamAre bAhya zarIramAtra ko dekha pAte ho, hamAre sacce Abhyantara svarUpa ko nahIM. vAtarazanA muniyoM ke varNana ke prArambha meM Rgveda meM hI 'kezI' kI nimnAMkita stuti kI gaI hai, jo isa tathya kI abhivyaMjikA hai ki 'kezI' vAtarazanA muniyoM ke pradhAna the. kezI kI vaha stuti nimna prakAra hai : 'kezyagni kezI viSaM kezI vibharti rodasI, kezI vizvaM svadaze kezIdaM jyotirucyte|' kezI agni, jala, svarga tathA pRthvI ko dhAraNa karatA hai. kezI samasta vizva ke tattvoM kA darzana karAtA hai aura kezI hI prakAzamAna 'jJAna' jyoti kahalAtA hai, arthAt kevala jJAnI kahalAtA hai. Rgveda ke ina kezI tathA vAtarazanA muniyoM kI sAdhanAoM kI zrImadbhAgavata meM ullikhita vAtarazanA zramaNaRSi aura unake adhinAyaka RSabha tathA unakI sAdhanAoM kI pArasparika tulanA bhAratIya AdhyAtmika sAdhanA aura usake pravartaka ke nigUDha prAk aitihAsika adhyAya ko bar3I sundaratA ke sAtha prakAza meM lAtI hai. 1. majjhimanikAya, 40. 2. Rgveda,10,136, 2-3. 3. Rgveda, 10, 136, 1. JainEducanorrimurn Obrary.org
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________________ DaoN. rAjakumAra jaina : vRSabhadeva tathA ziva-saMbaMdhI prAcya mAnyatAe~ : 611 Upara ke ullekhoM se spaSTa hai ki Rgveda ke vAtarazanA muni aura zrImadbhAgavata ke 'vAtarazanA zramaNa-RSi" eka hI paramparA athavA sampradAya ke vAcaka haiM. sAmAnyataH kezI kA artha kezadhArI hotA hai, parantu sAyaNAcArya ne 'keza sthAnIya razmiyoM ko dhAraNa karane vAlA' kiyA hai aura usase sUrya kA artha nikAlA hai, parantu prastuta sUkta meM jina vAtarazanA sAdhuoM kI sAdhanAoM kA ullekha hai, unase isa artha kI koI saMgati nahIM baiThatI. kezI spaSTata: vAtarazanA muniyoM ke adhinAyaka hI ho sakate haiM, jinakI sAdhanA meM maladhAraNa, maunavRtti aura unmAdabhAva (paramAnanda dazA) kA vizeSa ullekha hai. sUkta meM Age unheM hI : _ "munirdevasya devasya saukRtyAya sakhA hitaH.' devadevoM ke muni, upakArI tathA hitakArI sakhA batalAyA gayA hai. vAtarazanA zabda meM aura malarUpI vasana dhAraNa karane meM unakI nAgnya vRtti kA bhI saMketa hai. zrImadbhAgavata meM RSabha kA varNana karate hue likhA hai : "urvarita zarIramAtra-parigraha unmatta iva gaganaparidhAnaH prakIrNakezaH AtmanyAropitAhavanIyo brahmAvartAt pravabrAja. jaDAndha-mUka-badhira-pizAconmAdakavat avadhUtaveSo'bhibhASyamANo'pi janAnAM gRhItamauna-vrataH tUSNIM babhUva............parAgavalambamAna-kuTila-jaTila-kapiza kezabhUribhAro'vadhUtamalinanijazarIreNa grahagRhIta ivAdRzyata." arthAt RSabha bhagavAn ke zarIra mAtra kA parigraha zeSa raha gayA thA. ve unmatta ke samAna digambara vezadhArI, bikhare hue kezoM sahita AhavanIya agni ko apane meM dhAraNa karake brahmAvarta deza se prabajita hue. ve jar3a, mUka, andha, vadhira, pizAconmAda yukta jaise avadhUta veSa meM logoM ke bulAne para bhI maunavRtti dhAraNa kiye hue zAnta rahate the,............saba ora laTakate hue apane kuTila, jaTila, kapiza kezoM ke bhArasahita avadhUta aura malina zarIra ke sAtha ve aise dikhalAI dete the, jaise unheM koI bhUta lagA ho. Rgveda ke tathokta, kezIsUkta tathA zrImadbhAgavata meM varNita zrI RSabhadeva ke caritra ke tulanAtmaka adhyayana se pratIta hotA hai ki vaidika kezI sUkta ko hI zrImadbhAgavata meM pallavita bhASyarUpa meM prastuta kara diyA gayA hai. donoM meM hI vAtarazanA athavA gagana-paridhAnavRtti, keza-dhAraNa, kapizavarNa, maladhAraNa, mauna aura unmAdabhAva samAna rUpa se varNita haiM. bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke kuTila kezoM kA aMkana jaina mUrtikalA kI eka prAcInatama paramparA hai jo Aja taka barAbara akSuNNarUpa se calI ArahI hai. yathArthataH samasta tIrthaMkaroM meM kevala RSabhadeva kI hI mUrtiyoM ke zira para kuTila kezoM kA rUpa dikhalAyA jAtA hai aura vahI unakA prAcIna vizeSa lakSaNa bhI mAnA jAtA hai. RSabhanAtha ke kesariyAnAtha nAmAntara meM bhI yahI rahasya nihita mAlUma detA hai.1 kesara, keza aura jaTA-tInoM zabda eka hI artha ke vAcaka haiM. jisa prakAra siMha apane kezoM ke kAraNa kesarI kahalAtA hai, usI prakAra kezI aura kesariyAnAtha yA RSabhanAtha ke vAcaka pratIta hote haiM. kesariyAnAtha para jo kezara car3hAne kI vizeSa mAnyatA pracalita hai vaha nAmasAmya ke kAraNa utpanna huI pratIta hotI hai. isa prakAra Rgveda ke kezI aura vAtarazanA muni evaM zrImadbhAgavata ke RSabha tathA vAtarazanA zramaNa-RSi evaM kesariyAnAtha aura RSabha tIrthaMkara tathA unakA nirgrantha sampradAya eka hI siddha hote haiM. Rgveda kI nimnAMkita RcA se kezI aura vRSabha athavA RSabha ke ekatva kA hI samarthana hotA hai : 'kakardave vRSabho yukta zrAsId, pravAvacIt sArathirasya kezI / dudheyuktasya dravataHsahAnasa, RcchantiSmA niSpado mudgalAnIm / 1. rAjasthAna ke udayapura jile kA eka tIrtha 'kezariyA tIrtha' ke nAma se prasiddha hai, jo digambara, zvetAmbara evaM vaiSNava Adi sampradAya bAloM ko samAna rUpa se mAnya evaM pUjanIya hai tathA jisameM bha0 RSabhadeva ko eka atyanta prAcIna sAtizaya rti pratiSThita hai. 2. Rgveda, 10, 102, 6. TAGRAM 2 MAHARASHTRARROR Jain Edation in Library.org
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________________ 612 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya jisa sUkta meM yaha RcA AI hai, usakI prastAvanA meM nirukta ke jo 'mudgalasya dRptA gAvaH' Adi zloka uddhRta kiye gaye haiM, unake anusAra mudgala RSi kI gAyoM ko cora le gaye the. unheM lauTAne ke liye RSi ne kezI vRSabha ko apanA sArathI banAyA, jisake vacanamAtra se ve gaue~ Age ko na bhAgakara pIche kI ora lauTa par3I. prastuta RcA kA bhASya karate hue sAyaNAcArya ne pahale to vRSabha tathA kezI kA vAcyArtha pRthak batalAyA hai, kintu phira unhoMne prakArAntara se kahA hai : "athavA asya sArathiH sahAyabhUtaH kezI prakRSTakezo vRSabho'vAvacIt bhrazamazabdayat" ityAdi. sAyaNa ke isa artha ko tathA nirukta ke ukta kathAprasaMga ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue prastuta gAthA kA nimna artha pratIta hotA hai : "mudgala RSi ke sArathI (vidvAn netA) kezI vRSabha, jo zatruoM kA vinAza karane ke liye niyukta the, unakI vANI nikalI, jisake phalasvarUpa jo mudgala RSi kI gaue~ (indriyAM) jute hue durdhara ratha (zarIra) ke sAtha daur3a rahI thIM, ve nizcala hokara maudgalAnI (mudgala kI svAtmavRtti) kI ora lauTa par3I." tAtparya yaha ki RSi kI jo indriyA~ parAGmukhI thIM, ve unake yogayukta jJAnI netA kezI vRSabha ke dharmopadeza ko sunakara antarmukhI ho gaIM. vRSabhadeva aura vaidika agnideva-agnideva kI stuti meM vaidika sUtroM meM jina vizeSaNoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, unake adhyayana se spaSTa hai ki yaha agnideva bhautika agni na hokara Adi prajApati vRSabhadeva hI haiM-jAtavedas [janmataHjJAnasampanna], ratnadharakta [darzana, jJAna, cAritra rUpa ratnoM ko dhAraNa karanevAlA] vizvavedas [vizvatattvoM kA jJAtA] mokSa netA, Rtvij [dharmasthApaka], hotA, haya, yajJa, satya yazavala ityAdi. vaidika vyAkhyAkAroM ne bhI laukika bhrAntiyoM kA nigraha karane ke liye sthala-sthala para isa mata kA samarthana karate hue likhA hai ki agnideva vahI hai jisakI upAsanA marudgaNa rudra saMjJA se karate haiM. rudra, zarva, pazupati, ugra, azani, bhava, mahAdeva, IzAna, kumAra-rudra ke ye nau nAma agnideva ke hI vizeSaNa haiM. agnideva hI sUrya hai.4 paramaviSNu hI devoM [AryagaNa] kI agni hai.5 isa mata kI sarvAdhika puSTi atharvaveda ke RSabhasUkta se hotI hai, jisameM RSabha bhagavAn kI aneka vizeSaNoM dvArA stuti karate hue unheM jAtavedas [agni] vizeSaNa se bhI viziSTa kiyA gayA hai.6 uparyukta vizeSaNoM tathA samasta prAcIna zrutiyoM ke AdhAra para stutya agni zabda kI vyutpatti karate hue brAhmaNa RSiyoM ne yaha vyakta kiyA hai ki upAsya devoM ke agra meM utpanna hone ke kAraNa vaha agri athavA agni saMjJA se prasiddha hue." ina lekhoM ke prakAza meM kevala yaha tathya hI spaSTa nahIM hotA ki vRSabhadeva kA hI apara nAma agnideva rahA, apitu yaha bhI siddha hai ki upAsya deva ke artha meM prayukta 'agni' zabda saMskRta kA na hokara ani kA lokavyavahRta prAkRta athavA 1. dekho DA0 hIrAlAla jaina kA "zrAdi tIrthakara kI prAcInatA tathA unake dharma kI vizeSatA" zIrSaka lekha (ahiNsaavaannii| varSa 7, aMka 1-2,1657) / 12. Rgveda, 11, 112, atharva06, 4, 3 Rgveda, 1, 186, 1. 'yo vai rudraHso'zinaH-zatapathabrAhmaNa 5, 2, 4,13. 3. (a) 'tAnyetAni aSTau rudraH zarvaH pazupatiH ugraH azaniH bhavaH mahAdevaH ISAnaH agnirUpANi kumAro navam' vahI. 6,1,3,18. (A) 'etAni vai teSAmagnInAM nAmAni yadbhuvapatiH bhuvanapatibhUtAnAM patiH' vahI, 1, 3, 3, 16.. 4. agnirvArthaH. vahIM, 2, 5, 1, 4. 5. 'agni devAnAm bhavoko viSNuparam' kautasya brAhmaNa, 7,1. 6. atharva, 8, 4, 3,. 7. (a) sayadasya sarvasyAgramassRjyata tasmAdagiragrihaM vai tamagnirityAcakSate parokSaya-zatapatha brAhmaNa, 6, 1, 1, 11. (A) 'yadvA enametadane devAnAM ajanayat tasmAdagnirAgratavai nAmaitadadyadagiriti.' vahI 2, 2, 4, 2.. AAAA Jain Education inte PADHARPersonalise Manetbrarvsarg
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________________ DaoN. rAjakumAra jaina : vRSabhadeva tathA ziva-saMbaMdhI prAcya mAnyatAe~ : 613 apabhraza rUpa hai jo AryagaNa ke bhArata-Agamana se pUrva hI AdibrahmA vRSabha ke liye prayukta hotA A rahA thA. yahI kAraNa hai ki brAhmaNa RSiyoM ko vRSabha kI agni saMjJA 'agri' arthamUlaka karane ke liye tatsambadhI zrutiyoM ko AdhAra banAkara usakI vyutpatti 'agra' zabda se karanI par3I. anyathA saMskRta bhASA kI dRSTi se agri evaM agni zabda meM atyanta pArthakya hai. Aryajana ke agnideva aura vRSabhadeva kI ekatA vaidika anuzrutiyoM se siddha hotA hai ki agni saMjJA se vRSabha kI upAsanA karane vAle adhikAMza ve kSatriyajana the, jo paJcajana ke nAma se prasiddha the.' inameM yadu, turvasA, puru, druhya , anu nAma kI kSatriya jAtiyAM sammilita thIM. ye loga Rgvaidika kAla meM kurukSetra, paMcAla, matsyadeza aura surASTra deza meM base the. jaba AryagaNa sapta sindhu deza meM se hote hue kurubhUmi meM AbAda hue aura yahAM paMcajana kSatriyoM kI dhArmika saMskRti ke samparka meM Aye to usase prabhAvita hokara inhoMne bhI unake ArAdhya deva vRSabha ko 'agni' saMjJA se apanA ArAdhya deva banA liyA. yaha aitihAsika tathA kazyapagotrI marIciputra RSi ne agnideva kI stuti karate hue Rgveda 1-6 meM 'devA agniM dhArayan draviNodAm' zabdoM dvArA svayaM vyakta kiyA hai. isa sUkta ke nau mantra haiM. inameM se pahale sAta mantroM ke anta meM RSivara ne ukta zabdoM ko punaH punaH doharAyA hai. isakA artha hai ki-devA (apane ko deva saMjJA se abhivAdana karane vAle Arya gaNa ne) draviNo dA (dhanazvarya pradAna karane vAle) agni (agni prajApati ko) dhArayan (apanA ArAdhanA-deva dhAraNa kara liyA). prastuta sUkta aitihAsika dRSTi se atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai. isameM prathama to bhagavAn vRSabha kI stuti meM gAye jAne vAle Rk, yaju, sAma evaM atharva saMhitAoM meM saMkalita stotroM se bhI prAcIna una nivida athavA nigada stotroM kA ullekha hai, jinase dhvanita hotA hai ki bhagavAn vRSabha AryagaNa ke Ane se pUrva hI bhArata ke ArAdhya deva the. isake atirikta isa sUkta meM bhagavAn vRSabha dvArA manuoM kI santAnIya prajA ko aneka vidyAoM se samRddha karane, apane putra bharata ko rAjya-bhAra sauMpane tathA apane anya putra vRSabhasena ko, jo jaina mAnyatA ke anusAra bhagavAn ke jyeSTha gaNaghara athavA mAnasaputra the, brahmavidyA dene kA bhI ullekha hai. isa sUkta ke nimnAMkita prathama cAra maMtroM se ullikhita tathyoM kI spataH saMpuSTi hotI hai : 'apazcamitraM (jo saMsAra kA mitra hai.) dhiSaNA ca sAdhana (jo dhyAna dvArA sAdhya hai), prannathA (jo purAtana hai), sahasA jAyamAnaH (jo svayaMbhU hai) sadyaHkAvyAni vaDadhanta vizvA (jo nirantara vibhinna kAvya stotroM ko dhAraNa karatA rahatA hai, arthAt jisakI sabhI jana stuti karate rahate haiM), devo agniM dhArayan draviNodAm (devoM ne usa dravyadAtA agni ko dhAraNa kara liyA.)2 pUrvayA nividA kAvyatAsoH (jo prAcIna nividoM dvArA stuti kiyA jAtA hai), yamAH prajA ajanyan manunAm (jisane manuoM kI santAnIya prajA kI vyavasthA kI) vivasvatA cakSuSA dhAma paJca (jo apane jJAna dvArA dyu aura pRthvI ko vyApta kiye hue haiM), devoM ne usa dravyadAtA ko dhAraNa kara liyA.)' (3) khAravela ke zilAlekha (IsApUrva dvitIya zatAbdI) meM bhI RSabha jina kA ullekha agga jina ke rUpa meM huA hai (nandarAjanItAna agajinasa). (I) 'prajApati devatAnaHsRjyamAna aginameva devAnAM prathamamasRjat.' taittirIya brAhmaNa, 21, 6, 4. (u) 'aginarva sarvAdyam |'-taannddy brAhmaNa, 5, 63. 1. 'janA yadaginamajayanta paJca.'-Rgveda. 10,45, 6. 2. Rgveda, 1.6, 1. 3. vahI, 1,6, 2. L... . ......Om ... DOO HO...OOOT JOUD O Jain de .. ...............000000 000000000.oooooooooooooooooo antatunabibrary.org
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________________ 614 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya tamIDeta mahAsAdhaM (tuma usakI stuti karo jo sarvaprathama mokSa kA sAdhaka hai), ahaMta (sarvapUjya hai), ArIviza: ubjaH bhRjjasAnam (jisane svayaM zaraNa meM AnevAlI prajA ko bala se samRddha karake), putra bharataM saMpradAna (apane putra bharata ko sauMpa diyA), devoM ne usa dravyadAtA agni (agni devatA ko) dhArayan (dhAraNa kara liyA.)' sa mAtarizvA (vaha vAyu ke samAna nirlepa aura svatantra hai), puruvAra puSTi (abhISTa vastuoM kA puSTikAraka sAdhana hai), usane svavitaM (jJAna sampanna ho kara), tanayAya (putra ke liye) gAtaM (vidyA), vidada (dedI), vaha vizAMgopA (prajAoM kA saMrakSaka hai), pavitArodasyo: (abhyudaya tathA niHzreyasa kA utpAdaka hai), devoM ne usa dravyadAtA agni (agranetA ko) grahaNa kara liyA.2 / / nirvANa kI puNya velA meM jaba Adi prajApati vRSabha ne vinazvara zarIra kA tyAga karake siddha loka ko prasthAna kiyA to unake parama prazAnta rUpa ko AtmasAt karane vAlI antyeSTi agni hI tatkAlIna jana ke liye unake vItarAga rUpa kI ekamAtra saMsmAraka bana kara raha gaI. janatA aba agni darzana se hI apane ArAdhya ke darzana pAne lagI. usa samaya mUrtikalA kA vikAsa nahIM huA thA, ataH yaha saptajihvA agni hI usa mahAmAnava kA pratIka bana gaI. upalabdha prAcIna anuzrutiyoM se jJAta hotA hai ki bhagavAn ke prati jana-jana ke hRdayoM meM svabhAvataH uddIpta hone vAle bhaktibhAva ko saMtuSTa evaM saMtRpta karane ke liye unake jyeSTha gaNadhara (mAnasa putra) ne isa bhautika agni dvArA Adi brahmA vRSabha ke upAsanArtha ijyA, pUjA evaM arcanA kA mArga nikAlA thA. vaha yAjJika prakriyA ke prathama vidhAyaka the. unhoMne hI lokamaMgala ke liye abhIsiddhi, anivRparihAra evaM roga-nivRttikara Adi aneka upayogI mantra-tantra vidyAoM kA sarvaprathama prakAza kiyA thA. vaha vaidika paramparA meM jyeSTha atharvana aura jaina paramparA meM jyeSTha gaNadhara ke nAma se prasiddha haiM. jaina paramparA ke anusAra yaha bhagavAn vRSabhadeva ke putra vRSabhasena the. bhagavAn ne inheM hI samasta vidyAoM meM pradhAna brahmavidyA dekara loka meM apanA uttarAdhikArI banAyA thA.4 inake dvArA tathA anya atharvanoM (gaNadharoM) dvArA pratipAdita aneka tAntrika vidhAnoM tathA vRSabha ke hiraNyagarbha, jAtavedas janya, ugra tapasyA, sarvajJatA dezanA, siddhalokaprApti sambandhI aneka rahasyapUrNa vArtAoM tathA yati vrAtya zramaNoM kI AdhyAtmika carcA kA saMkalana cauthe veda meM huA hai. ataH isakI prasiddhi atharvaveda ke nAma se huI. atharvana dvArA pratipAdita prakriyA ke anusAra agni meM havya dravya kI Ahuti dekara sarvaprathama vRSabha kI pUjA unake jyeSTha putra tathA bhArata ke Adi cakravartI bharata mahArAja, jo manu ke nAma se bhI prasiddha the, ne kI thI. isake pazcAt unakA anukaraNa karate hue samasta prajAjana bhagavAn vRSabhadeva ke pratIka rUpa meM agni kI pUjA meM pravRtta hue.5 ukta prakriyA ke anusAra yaha pUjA prAtaH, madhyAhna aura sAyaM tInoM kAla hotI thI. atharvaveda anaDvAna sUkta meM isa pUjA kA phala batalAte hue kahA hai ki jo isa prakAra pratidina tInoM samaya bhagavAn vRSabha kI pUjA karate haiM ve unhIM 1. Rgveda 1,6, 3. 2. vahI, 1, 6, 4. 3. (a) satyatrAta sAmazramI nirakAlocana vi0 saM0 1953 pR0 saM0 155. (A) A.C. Das-Rigvedic Culture pp. 113-115. (s) Dr. Winternitz-History of India Leterature Vol. I, 1927. P. 120. (I) 'agnirjAto atharvanA.'-Rgveda 10, 21, 5. 4. (a) mahA devAnAM prathamaH sambabhUva vizvasya kartA bhuvanasya goptA / sa brahmavidyAM sarvavidhApratiSThAmatharvAya jyeSThaputrAya prAha ||-munnddkopnissd 1, 1. (A) 'svartitanayAya gAtaM vidada.' Rgveda 1,66, 4. 5. (a) 'manuIvA agre yakSa ne tad nukatyemA prajA yajante.-zatapatha brAhANa, 15, 1, 7. (A) jinasenakRta AdipurANa, parva 47,322, 351 . Jain Eduation Inters Private&Personal Used a mjainelibrart.org
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________________ DaoN. rAjakumAra jaina : vRSabhadeva tathA ziva-saMbaMdhI prAcya mAnyatAe~ : 615 ke samAna avinAzI amarapada ke adhikArI ho jAte haiM.' prAcIna anuzrutiyoM se jJAta hotA hai ki atharvana dvArA batalAI gaI yAjJika prakriyA ke anusAra aja (jI), akSata (cAvala), tathA ghRta-inakA prayoga Ahuti ke liye kiyA jAtA thA aura pUjA ke samaya bhagavAn vRSabha kA sAnnidhya banAye rakhane ke lie 'vaSaT' zabda kA aura unake artha Ahuti dete samaya una dvArA ghoSita svAtma-mahimA ko dhyAna meM rakhane ke liye 'svAhA' zabda kA prayoga Avazyaka thA. kyoMki 'vaSaT' uccAraNa dvArA bhautika agni kI sthApanA karate hue upAsaka jana vAstava meM vRSabha bhagavAn kI hI sthApanA karate haiM. aura 'svAhA' zabda dvArA bhautika agni meM Ahuti dete hue bhI apanI Atma-mahimA ko hI jAgRta karate haiM. vaSaT zabda kA uccAraNa kiye binA agni kI upAsanA bhautika agni kI hI upAsanA hai. jaina pUjAgraMthoM tathA unake dainika pUjA-vidhAnoM meM vauSaT (iti AhvAnanam ) ThaH ThaH (iti sthApanam ), aura vaSaT [iti sannidhIkaraNam] - ina tIna zabdoM dvArA bhagavAn kA AhvAna, sthApana tathA sannidhIkaraNa kiyA jAtA hai. ukta bIjamaMtroM ke koSThakoM meM diye gaye artha jaina paramparA meM atyanta prAcIna kAla se cale A rahe haiM, jo bhagavatpUjA ke lakSya ke sambandha meM bhI bhaktajana ko eka navIna dRSTi kA dAna karate haiM, isa prakAra agni dvArA pUjA-vidhi kI paramparA utanI hI prAcIna nizcita hotI hai jitanA bhagavAn vRSabha deva kA kAla. vRSabha ke vividharUpa aura itivRtta jaina paramparA ke anusAra bhagavAn RSabhadeva apane pUrva janma meM sarvArthasiddhi vimAna meM eka mahAn RddhidhArI deva the. Ayu ke aMta meM unhoMne vahAM se caya kara ayodhyAnareza nAbhirAya kI rAnI marudevI ke garbha meM avataraNa kiyA. inake garbha meM Ane ke chaha mAha pUrva se hI nAbhirAya kA bhavana kubera ke dvArA hiraNya kI vRSTi se bharapUra kara diyA gayA. ataH janma lene ke pazcAt yaha hiraNyagarbha ke nAma se prasiddha hue. garbhAvatAra ke samaya bhagavAna kI mAtA ne svapna meM eka sundara baila ko apane mukha meM praveza karate hue dekhA thA, ataH inakA nAma vRSabha rakkhA gayA. janma se hI yaha mati, zruta, avadhi ina tIna jJAnoM se viziSTa the, ataH inakI jAtavedas nAma se prasiddhi huI. binA kisI guru kI zikSA ke hI aneka vidyAoM ke jJAtA the, inhoMne janma-mRtyu se abhivyApta saMsAra meM svayaM sat, Rta, dharma evaM mokSamArga kA sAkSAtkAra kiyA thA, ataH vaha svayaMbhU tathA sukRta nAmoM se prasiddha hue. bhogayuga kI samApti para inhoMne hI prajA ko kRSi, pazupAlana tathA vividha zilpa-udyogoM kI zikSA pradAna kI thI, ataH yaha vidhAtA, vizvakarmA evaM prajApati nAmoM se vikhyAta hue. ye hI apanI antaHpreraNA se saMsAra-zarIra tathA bhogoM se niviNNa hue tathA saMyama evaM svAdhInatApatha ke pathika banakara pravrajita hue, ataH vazI, yati evaM vrAtya nAmoM se prasiddha hue. inhoMne apanI ugra tapasyA, zramasahiSNutA aura samavartanA dvArA apane samasta doSoM ko bhasmasAt kiyA, ata: yaha rudra, zramaNa Adi saMjJAoM se vikhyAta hue. inhoMne ajJAnatamas kA vinAza karake apane antas meM sampUrNa jJAna-sUrya ko udita kiyA, bhavya jIvoM ko dhArmika pratibodha diyA aura anta meM deha tyAga kara siddha loka meM akSaya pada kI prApti kI. jaina paramparA meM jo vRtta garbha, janma, tapa, jJAna aura nirvANa ke nAma se prasiddha hai aura jinheM loka-kalyANI hone se kalyANaka kI saMjJA dI gaI hai. vaidika paramparA meM vahI [1] hiraNyagarbha, [2] jAtavedas, agni, vizvakarmA, prajApati, [3] rudra, puruSa, vrAtya, [4] sUrya, Aditya, arka, ravi, vivasvata, jyeSTha, brahmA, vAkpati, brAhmaNaspati, vRhaspati, [5] nigUDhaparamapada, parameSThIpada, sAdhyapada Adi saMjJAoM se prasiddha hai. 1. atharvaveda 4,11,12. 2. "ajairyaSTake."-jinasenakRta harivaMzapurANa, 27, 38, 164. Jain Education inter wjainelibrary.org
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________________ 616 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya madhya eziyA, laghu eziyA, uttara pUrvIya apharIkA ke sumera, vavIloniyA, sIriyA, yUnAna, araba, IrAna, mizra, yUthopiyA Adi saMsAra ke samasta prAcIna dezoM meM jahA~ bhI paNi athavA phaNi aura puru logoM ke vistAra ke sAtha bhArata se bhagavAn vRSabha kI zrutiyAM, sUktiyAM aura AkhyAna pahu~ce haiM.1 vahAM bhagavAn azura [asura], osorisa [asurazi] ahuramajda [asuramahat], IsTara [ISatara], jahova [yahva mahAn] gauDa [gaura gauDa] allA [IDya stutya], I AM [ahamasmi], sUryas [sUrya] ravi, mitha [mitra] varuNa Adi aneka loka-prasiddha nAmoM aura vizeSaNoM dvArA ArAdhya deva grahaNa kara liye gaye. yahI kAraNa hai ki ina dezoM ke prAcIna ArAdhyadeva sambandhI jo rahasyapUrNa AkhyAna pagamparAgata surakSita haiM, unameM uparyukta cAra vRtta "I. In Carnation 2. Suffering and Crucification 3. Ressurrection aura 4. Ascent to Heaven ke nAma se prasiddha haiM. isa prakAra una sUktoM aura mantroM ke atirikta jinameM spaSTataH RSabha vRSabha, gaura tathA anaDvAna kA ullekha hai, Rk, yaju, sAma tInoM hI saMhitAoM ke prAya: samasta chanda, jinameM uparyukta saMjJAoM aura vizeSaNoM se stuti kI gaI hai, bhagavAn vRSabha kI ora hI saMketa karate haiM. atharvaveda ke isa tathya ko vyakta karate hue kahA gayA hai ki jisa prakAra ApaH (jala), vAtaH (vAyu) aura auSadhi (vanaspati)-tInoM eka hI bhavana (pRthvI) ke Azrita haiM, usI prakAra Rk, yaju, sAma-tInoM prakAra ke chandoM kI kavijana 'purasyaM darzataM vizva cakSaNan [bahurUpa dikhalAI dene vAle eka vizvavedas sahasrAkSa, sarvajJa ko lakSya rakhakara hI, viyetire vyAkhyA karate haiM].2 Rgveda ke nimnAMkita do maMtroM meM hama bhagavAn vRSabhadeva ke tathokta rUpoM evaM vRttoM kA vaisA hI itihAsa-kramAnusArI varNana dekha sakate haiM, jaisA ki jaina paramparA vidhAna karatI hai. ve mantra nimna prakAra haiM : 3 "divaspari prathamaM jajJa agnirUpaM dvitIyaM pari jAtavedAH / tRtIyamapsu namaNA ajasramiMdhAna evaM jAte svAdhIH // " arthAt agni prajApati pahale devaloka meM prakaTa hue. dvitIya bAra hamAre bIca janmataH jJAna-sampanna hokara prakaTa hue. tIsarA inakA vaha svAdhIna evaM AtmavAn rUpa hai, jaba inhoMne bhava-sAgara meM rahate hue nirmala vRtti se samasta karmendhana ko jalA diyA, tathA "vinA te agre zedhA brayANi vinA te dhAma vibhUtA purUnnA / vidyA te nAma parama guhA yadvidmA tamutsaM yata bhAjagaMtha // " arthAt he agranetA, hama tere ina tIna prakAra ke tIna rUpoM ko jAnate haiM. inake atirikta tere pUrva ke bahuta prakAra se dhAraNa kiye hue rUpoM ko bhI hama jAnate haiM. inake atirikta terA jo nigUr3ha paramadhAma hai, usako bhI hama jAnate haiM. aura ucca mArga ko bhI hama jAnate haiM jisase tU hameM prApta hotA hai. ukta zruti se spaSTataH pratIta hotA hai ki Rgvaidika kAla meM bhagavAn vRSabha ke pUrva jAtaka loka meM paryApta prasiddhi prApta kara cuke the. vaidika rudra ke vikasita rUpa zatapatha brAhmaNa meM rudra ke jo-rudra, zana, pazupati, ugra, azani, bhava, mahAdeva, IzAna, kumAra-ye nau nAma haiM, ve agni 1. Dr. H. R. Hall : The ancient History of far Ecst 104, 77, 158, 203, 367, 402. 2. atharvaveda.18, 1,1. 6. Rgveda, 10, 45, 1. 4. vahI, 10, 45, 2. 5. tAnyetAni aSTau rudraHzarvaHpazupati ugraH azaniH bhavaH / mahAnadevaH ISAnaH agnirUpANi kumAro navam / / -zatapatha brAhmaNa 6,1,3,18. % 3AIITTA PANATALIMIMALAUREDITATRAPRILDIMAIGATION M ConyANP JNILIM MInbaumAAAAAAAD MARATHIMACIM Inm Jain Education Interational
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________________ DaoN. rAjakumAra jaina : vRSabhadeva tathA ziva-saMbaMdhI prAcya mAnyatAeM : 617 deva ke hI vizeSaNa ullikhita kiye gaye haiM aura 'vRSabhadeva tathA vaidika agnideva' meM upasthita kiye gaye vivaraNa se spaSTa hai ki bhagavAn vRSabhadeva ko hI vaidika kAla meM agnideva ke nAma se abhihita kiyA jAtA thA. phalataH rudra, mahAdeva, agnideva, pazupati Adi vRSabhadeva ke hI nAmAntara haiM. vaidika paramparA meM vaidika rudra ko hI paurANika tathA Adhunika ziva kA vikasita rUpa mAnA jAtA hai, jaba ki jaina paramparA meM bhagavAn RSabhadeva ko hI ziva, unake mokSa-mArga ko zivamArga tathA mokSa ko zivagati kahA gayA hai. yahA~ rudra ke una samasta krama-vikasita rUpoM kA eka saMkSipta vivaraNa prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai. Rgdeva meM rudra madhyama zreNI ke devatA haiM. unakI stuti meM tIna pUrNa sUkta kahe gaye haiN| isake atirikta eka anya sUkta meM pahale mantra chaha rudra kI stuti meM haiM aura antima tIna soma kI stuti meM. eka anya sUkta meM rudra aura soma kA sAtha stavana kiyA gayA hai. anya devatAoM kI stuti meM bhI jo sUkta kahe gaye haiM, unameM bhI prAyaH rudra kA ullekha milatA hai, ina sUktoM meM rudra ke jisa svarUpa kI varNanA huI hai, usake aneka citra haiM aura unake vibhinna pratIkoM ke sambandha meM vidvAnoM kI vibhinna mAnyatAe~ haiM. rudra kA zAbdika artha, marutoM ke sAtha unakA saMgamana, unakA babhra varNa aura sAmAnyataH unakA krUra svarUpa ina saba ko dRSTi meM rakhate hue kucha vidvAnoM kI dhAraNA hai ki rudra jhajhAvAta ke pratIka haiM. jarmana vidvAn vebara ne rudra ke nAmapara bala dete hue anumAnita kiyA hai ki rudra jhaMjhAvAta ke 'rava' kA pratIka hai.4 DAkTara mekaDaunala ne rudra aura agni ke sAmya para dRSTi rakhate hue kahA ki rudra vizuddha jhaMjhAvAta kA nahIM, apitu vinAzakArI vidyuta ke rUpa meM jhaMjhAvAta ke vidhvaMsaka svarUpa kA pratIka hai.5 zrI bhANDArakara ne bhI rudra ko prakRti kI vinAzakArI zaktiyoM kA hI pratIka mAnA hai. aMgreja vidvAn myUra kI bhI yahI mAnyatA hai. vilsana ne Rgveda kI bhUmikA meM rudra ko agni athavA indra kA hI pratIka mAnA hai. pro0 kItha ne rudra ko jhaMjhAvAta ke vinAzakArI rUpa kA hI pratIka mAnA hai, usake hitakara rUpa kA nahIM. isake atirikta rudra ke ghAtaka vANoM kA smaraNa karate hue kucha vidvAnoM ne unheM mRtyu kA devatA bhI mAnA hai aura isake samarthana meM unhoMne Rgveda kA baha sUkta prastuta kiyA hai, jisameM rudra kA keziyoM ke sAtha ullekha kiyA gayA hai. rUdra kI eka upAdhi 'kapadin' hai, jisakA artha hai, jaTAjUTadhArI aura eka anya upAdhi hai 'kalpalIkina',11 jisakA artha hai, dahakanevAlA. donoM kI sArthakatA rudra ke kezI tathA agnideva rUpa meM ho jAtI hai. apane saumya rUpoM meM rudra ko 'mahAbhiSak' batalAyA gayA hai, jisakI auSadhiyAM ThaMDI aura vyAdhinAzaka hotI haiM. rudra sUkta meM rudra kA sarvajJa vRSabha rUpa se ullekha kiyA gayA hai aura kahA gayA hai.2 'he vizuddha dIptimAna sarvajJa vRSabha, hamAre Upara aisI kRpA karo ki hama kabhI naSTa na hoM." 1. Rgveda : 1,114; 2, 337, 46. 2. Rgdeva 1,43. 3. vahI : 6, 74 4. vebara : igadIza sTUDIna, 2,16-22. 5. mekaDaunala : vedika mAyItholojI, pRSTha saM0 78, 6. bhANDArakara : vaiSNavijma, zaivijma. 7. myUra : orijinala saMskRta TeksTa sa. 8. vilsana : Rgveda, bhUmikA hai. kItha : rilijana eNDa mAitholojI Apha dI Rgveda, pRSTha saM0 147. 10. Rgveda : 1,114,1 aura 5. 11. vahI: 1,1145. 12. eva vabhro vRSabha cekitAna yathA deva na hRSIpaM na haMsi. Rgveda : 2, 33, 15. ATMINICHIKIW ANAO PMINILANMITEDY paNa DIRTHD C library.org
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________________ 618 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya isI sUkta ke anya mantra meM kahA hai'-'he maruto, tumhArI jo nirmala auSadhi hai, usa auSadhi ko hamAre pitA manu (svayaM RSabhanAtha) ne cunA thA, vahI sukhakara aura bhayavinAzaka auSadhi hama cAhate haiM.' vizuddha Atma-tatvajJAna hI yaha auSadhi hai, jise prApta kara rudrabhakta saMsArajayI aura sukhI hone kI kAmanA karatA hai. prastuta sUkta ke tRtIya maMtra meM usakI jIvana-sAdhanA dekhie. vaha prArthanA karatA hai: 'he vajrasaMhanana rudra, tuma utpanna hue samasta padArthoM meM sarvAdhika suzobhita ho, sarvazreSTha ho aura samasta balazAliyoM meM sarvottama balazAlI ho. tuma mujhe pApoM se mukta karo aura aisI kRpA karo, jisase maiM klezoM tathA AkramaNoM se yuddha karatA huA vijayI rahU~.' eka sUkta meM rudra kA soma ke sAtha AhvAna kiyA gayA hai aura anyatra soma ko vRSabha kI upAdhi dI gaI hai. rudra ko aneka bAra agni kahA gayA hai aura eka sthala para unheM "medhApati' kI upAdhi se bhI vibhUSita kiyA gayA hai.6 eka sthAna para "dvivarhA" ke rUpa meM bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai, jisakA sAyaNa ne artha kiyA hai-"arthAt jo pRthvI tathA AkAza meM parivRddha haiM." Rgveda ke uttara bhAga ke eka sUkta meM kahA gayA hai ki rudra ne kezI ke sAtha viSapAna kiyA. isI sUkta ke prathama maMtra meM kahA gayA hai ki kezI isa viSa (jIvanasrota-jala) ko usI prakAra dhAraNa karatA hai, jisa prakAra pRthvI aura AkAza ko. yadyapi sAyaNa ne kezI kA artha sUrya kiyA hai, parantu kezI kA zAbdika artha jaTAdhArI hotA hai aura isa sUkta ke tIsare tathA bAda ke mantroM meM kezI kI tulanA una muniyoM se kI gaI hai jo apanI prANopAsanA dvArA vAyu kI gati ko roka lete haiM aura maunavRtti se unmattavat (paramAnanda sahita) vAyubhAva (azarIrI vRtti) ko prApta hote haiM aura sAMsArika maryaMjanoM ko jinakA kevala pArthiva zarIra hI dikhalAI detA hai.6 atharvaveda meM bhI rudra kA vyAdhi-vinAza ke liye AhvAna kiyA gayA hai. kucha mantroM meM rudra ko 'sahasrAkSa' bhI kahA gayA hai." isI veda ke pandrahaveM maNDala meM rudra kA vrAtya ke sAtha ullekha kiyA gayA hai aura sUkta ke prArambha meM hI kahA gayA hai ki 'vAtya mahAdeva bana gayA, vrAtya IzAna bana gayA hai.12 tathA yaha bhI likhA hai ki "vAtya ne apane paryaTana meM prajApati ko zikSA aura preraNA dI.13 sAyaNa ne vrAtya kI vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai : 1. yA vo meSajaH marutaH zuconi yA zAntamA vRpaNoM yA mayomu. yAni manuvRNItA pitA nastAzaMca yozca rudrasya vazmi.-vaho 2,33, 13. 2. zreSTho jAtasya rudra : zriyAsi tavastamastavasAM vajravAho. parSiNaH pAramahaMsaH svasti vizvA abhIti rapaso yuyodhi. vahI 2, 33, 3. 3. Rgveda : 6. 74. 4. vahI : 6, 7,3. 5. vahI: 2,1,6 3, 2, 5. 6. vahI: 1,43, 4. 7. bahI: 1,114, 6. 8. Rgveda: 1,172, 1:1, 64, 8 tathA 6, 5, 33, 5, 5, 61, 4 Adi. 1. RgvedaH 10,136, 2-3. 10. atharvaveda : 6,44, 3, 6, 57, 1,16,10, 6. 11. vahI : 11, 2, 7... 12. vahI:15, 1, 4, 5. 13. vrAtya AsI dIpamAna eva sa prajApati samaizyata. -atharvaveda 15, 1. AAJ wwwNya 010101olololol atstolo Iloil ololololololol Jain Eduation International resuTUS www.jainelibry.org mammmmmma
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________________ DaoN. rAjakumAra jaina : vRSabhadeva tathA ziva-saMbaMdhI prAcya mAnyatAeM : 611 + + + + + + + + + + kaMcidvidvattamaM mahAdhikAraM puNyazIlaM vizvasaMmAnyaM karmaparAhmaNairvidviSTaM vrAtyamanulacya vacanamiti mantavyam arthAt vahA~ usa vrAtya se mantavya hai, jo vidvAnoM meM uttama, mahAdhikArI, puNyazIla aura vizvapUjya hai aura jisase karmakANDI brAhmaNa vidveSa karate haiM. isa prakAra vratadhArI evaM saMyamI hone ke kAraNa hI inheM vrAtya nahIM kahA jAtA thA, apitu zatapatha brAhmaNa ke eka ullekha se pratIta hotA hai ki vRtra (arthAt jJAna dvArA saba ora se ghera kara rahanevAlA sarvajJa) ko apanA iSTadeva mAnane ke kAraNa bhI yaha jana vrAtya ke nAma se abhihita kiye jAte the.' jarmana vidvAna DAkTara hauera kA mata hai ki yaha vrAtyoM ke yoga aura dhyAna kA abhyAsa thA jisane pAryoM ko AkarSita kiyA, aura vaidika vicAradhArA tathA dharma para apanA gaharA prabhAva DAlA hai. dUsarI ora zrI ena0 ena0 ghoSa apanI navIna khoja ke AdhAra para isa nirNaya para pahu~ce haiM ki prAcIna vaidika kAla meM vrAtya jAti pUrvI bhArata meM eka mahAn rAjanItika zakti thI. usa samaya vaidika Arya eka naye deza meM apanA prabhutva sthApita karane ke liye lar3a rahe the aura unako sainyabala kI atyadhika AvazyakatA thI. ataH unhoMne bar3I prasannatA se vrAtyoM ko apane dala meM milA liyA. vAtyoM ko bhI saMbhavataH AryoM ke naitika aura AdhyAtmika guNoM ne AkRSTa kiyA aura ve Arya jAti ke antargata hone ke liye taiyAra ho gaye aura phira isa prakAra AryoM se mila jAne para unakI sAmAjika tathA rAjanItika vyavasthA ko prabhAvita kiyA. vrAtya kA nirantara pUrva dizA ke sAtha sambaddha kiyA jAnA, usake anucaroM meM 'puMzcalI' aura "mAgadha" kA ullekha honA (ye donoM hI pUrva dezavAsI tathA Aryetara jAti ke haiM), AryoM se pahale bhI bhAratavarSa meM ativikasita aura samRddha sabhyatAe~ hone ke pramANasvarUpa adhikAdhika sAmagrI kA milanA Adi tathya zrI ena0 ena0 ghoSa ke nirNaya kI hI puSTi karate haiM. vaidika sAhitya ke anuzIlana se tathA laghu eziyAI purAtattva evaM mohanajodar3o tathA har3appA nagaroM kI khudAI se prApta sAmagrI ke AdhAra para yaha bAta sunizcita ho cukI hai ki vaidika AryagaNa laghu eziyA tathA madhya eziyA ke dezoM se hote hue tretA yuga ke Adi meM lagabhaga 3000 I0 pUrva meM ilAvata aura uttara pazcima ke dvAra se paMjAba meM Aye the. usa samaya pahale se hI drAvir3a loga gAndhAra se videha taka tathA pAMcAla se dakSiNa ke maya deza taka aneka jAtiyoM meM vibhakta hokara vibhinna janapadoM meM nivAsa kara rahe the. inakI sabhyatA pUrNa vikasita evaM samunnata thI evaM zilpakalA inake mukhya vyavasAya the. ye jahAjoM dvArA laghu eziyA tathA uttarapUrvIya aphrIkA ke dUravartI dezoM ke sAtha vyApAra karate the. ye drAvir3a loga sarpa-cihna kA ToTakA adhika prayoga meM lAne ke kAraNa nAga, ahi, sarpa, Adi nAmoM se vikhyAta the. zyAma varNa hone ke kAraNa 'kRSNa' kahalAte the. apanI apratima pratibhAzIlatA tathA ucca AcAra-vicAra ke kAraNa ye apane ko dAsa va dasyu (kAntimAna) nAmoM se pukArate the. vratadhArI evaM vRtra kA upAsaka hone se vrAtya tathA samasta vidyAoM ke jAnakAra hone se drAvir3a nAma se prasiddha the. saMskRta kA vidyAdhara zabda 'dravir3a' zabda kA hI rUpAntara hai. ye apane iSTadeva ko arhana, parameSThI, jina, ziva evaM Izvara ke nAmoM se abhihita karate the. jIvanazuddhi ke liye ye ahiMsA saMyama evaM tapomArga ke anugAmI the. inake sAdhu digambara hote the aura bar3e-bar3e bAla rakhate the. anya loga tapasyA evaM zrama ke sAtha sAdhanA karake mRtyu para bhI vijaya prApta kara lete the. yajurveda meM eka sthala para rudra kA 'kivi'5 (dhvaMsaka yA hAnikara) ke rUpa meM ullekha kiyA gayA hai aura anyatra 'drautya' 1. vRtro havA idaM sarva vRtvA zizyo yadidamattareNa dyAvApRthivIya yadidaM sarva vRtvA zizye tasmAda vRtro nAma. "zapatatha brAhmaNa 11, 3, 4. 2. hoeraH dara vrAtya (vratya) 3. ena0ena0 ghoSa : iNDo Aryana liTarecara eNDa kalcara (orgin) 1934 I0 4. "ye nAtaranbhUtakRtotimRtyuyamanvavindan tapasA zrameNa."-atharvavedaH 4, 35. 5. yajurvedaH (vAjasaneyI saMhitA) 10, 20. YADAVta ta 9 200 Jain Pocatie Princess Use Gaw.janorary.org
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________________ Jain Lootram 620 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : tRtIya adhyAya zabda' kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, bhASyakAra mahIdhara ne jisakA artha- 'ucchRMkhala AcaraNa' kiyA hai. isake atirikta unake dhanuSa tathA tarakasa ko 'ziva' kahA gayA hai. unase prArthanA kI gaI hai ki vaha apane bhaktoM ko mitra ke patha para le caleM, na ki bhaMyakara samajhe jAne vAle apane patha para bhiSak rUpa meM unakA smaraNa kiyA hai aura manuSya tathA pazuoM ke liye svAsthyaprada bheSaja dene ke liye bhI unase prArthanA kI gaI hai. yahA~ rudra kA 'pazupati' rUpa meM bhI ullekha milatA hai. 3 yajurveda ke ' tryambaka homa' sUkta meM rudra ke sAtha eka strI devatA 'ambikA' kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai, jo rudra kI bahina batalAI gaI hai. inheM 'kRttivAsA' kahA gayA hai aura mRtyu se mukti tathA amRtatva kI prApti ke liye prArthanA kI gaI hai. unake vizeSa vAhana mUSaka kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai tathA unheM yajJabhAga dene ke pazcAt 'mUjavata' parvata se pAra cale jAne kA bhI anurodha kiyA gayA upalabdha hotA hai. mUSaka jaise dharatI ke nIce rahanevAle jantu se unakA sambandha isa bAta kA dyotaka ho sakatA hai ki isa devatA ko parvata kandarAoM meM rahanevAlA mAnA jAtA thA tathA "mUjavata" parvata se pare cale jAne kA anurodha isa bAta kA vyaMjaka ho sakatA hai ki isa devatA kA vAsa bhAratIya parvatoM meM mAnA jAtA thA. "kRtivAsA" upAdhi se pratIta hotA hai ki usakA apanA carma hI usakA vastra thA --- arthAt vaha digambara thA. " zatarudriya stotra" meM rudra kI stuti meM 66 maMtra haiM, jo rudra ke yajurvedakAlIna rUpa ke spaSTa paricAyaka haiM. rudra ko yahAM pahalI bAra 'ziva' zivatara' tathA 'zaMkara' Adi rUpoM meM ulikhata kiyA gayA hai. 'girizaMta' 'giritra' 'girizA' 'girivara' girizapa ina navIna upAdhiyoM se bhI unheM vibhUSita kiyA gayA hai. 'kSetrapati' tathA 'vaNika' bhI nirdiSTa kiye gaye haiM. prastuta stotra ke vIsa se vAIsa saMkhyA taka ke mantroM meM rudra ke liye katipaya vicitra upAdhiyoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai. aba taka rudra ke mAhAtmya kA gAna karanevAlA stotA unheM ina upAdhiyoM se vibhUSita karatA hai - stenAnAM pati ( coroM kA adhirAja ), vaMcaka, stAyUnAM pati [ ThagoM kA saradAra), taskarANAM pati, muSNatAM pati, vikRntAnAM pati (galakaToM kA saradAra) kulucAnAM pati Adi isake atirikta inameM 'sabhA' 'sabhApati' 'gaNa' 'gaNapati' Adi ke rUdra ke upAsakoM ke ullekha ke sAtha 'vrAta, ' 'vrAtapati', takSaka, rathakAra, kulAla, karmakAra, niSAda, Adi kA bhI nirdeza kiyA gayA hai. - brAhmaNa graMthoM ke samaya taka rudra kA pada nizcita rUpa se anya devatAoM se U~cA ho gayA thA aura vaha 'mahAdeva' kahA jAne lagA thA. " jaimanIya brAhmaNa meM kahA gayA hai ki devatAoM ne prANImAtra ke karmoM kA avalokana karane aura dharma ke viruddha AcaraNa karanevAle kA vinAza karane ke uddezya se rudra kI sRSTi kI. rudra kA yaha naitika utkarSa hI thA, jisake kAraNa unakA pada UMcA huA aura jinake kAraNa anta meM rudra ko parama paramezvara mAnA gayA. zvetAzvatara upaniSad se spaSTa hai ki brAhmaNa granthoM ke samaya se rudra ke pada meM kitanA utkarSa ho cukA thA. isameM unheM 19. vahI : (vAjasaneyI saMhitA) 36, 6, tathA mahIdhara kA bhASya-duSTaM skhalanocchalanAdi vratam 2. vahI : (taittirIya saMhitA) 4, 5, 1 3. vahI : (taittirIya saMhitA) 1, 2, 4 4. vahI : (taittirIya saMhita) 1, 8, 6. (taittirIya) 1, 8, 6. 5. vahI (vAjasaneyI saMhitA) 6, 3, 6, 3, 6, 8 6. yajurveda (taittirIya saMhitA) 1, 8, 6 ( vAjasaneyI) 3, 57, 63. 7. vahI : (taittirIya saMhitA) 4, 5, 1. 8. kauzItakI 21, 3. 6. jaiminIya 3, 261, 63. pares brary.org
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________________ DaoN. rAjakumAra jaina : vRSabhadeva tathA ziva-saMbaMdhI prAcya mAnyatAe~ : 621 sAmAnyataH Iza, mahezvara, ziva aura IzAna kahA gayA hai.' vaha mokSAbhilASI yogiyoM ke dhyAna ke viSaya haiM aura unako eka sraSTA, brahma aura paramAtmA mAnA gayA hai. isa kAla meM vaha kevala jana sAmAnya ke hI devatA nahIM the. apitu AryoM ke sabase pragatizIla vargoM ke ArAdhya deva bhI bana cuke the. isa rUpa meM unakA sambandha, dArzanika vicAradhArA aura yogAbhyAsa ke sAtha ho gayA thA, jisako upaniSad ke RSiyoM ne AdhyAtmika unnati kA eka mAtra sAdhana mAnA thA. apara vaidika kAla meM yogI, cintaka aura zikSaka ke rUpa meM jo ziva kI kalpanA kI gaI hai, vaha bhI isI sambandha ke kAraNa thI. zvetAzvatara upaniSad meM rudra ko Iza, ziva aura puruSa kahA gayA hai. likhA hai ki prakRti, puruSa athavA parabrahma kI zakti hai, jisake dvArA vaha vividha rUpa vizva kI sRSTi karatA hai. puruSa svayaM sraSTA nahIM, apitu eka bAra prakRti ko kriyAzIla banAkara vaha alaga ho jAtA hai aura kevala prekSaka ke rUpa meM kAma karatA hai. isase jJAta hotA hai ki isa samaya taka rudra una logoM ke ArAdhya deva bana gaye the jo sAMkhya vicAra-dhArA kA vikAsa kara rahe the. praznopaniSad meM rudra ko parirakSitA kahA gayA hai aura prajApati se usakA tAdAtmya prakaTa kiyA gayA hai.5 maitrAyaNI upaniSad meM rudra kI 'zambhu' [arthAt zAntidAtA] upAdhi kA pahalI bAra ullekha huA.6 zrota-sUtroM meM rudra kI upAsanA kA vahI svarUpa upalabdha hotA hai jaisA brAhmaNa graMthoM meM. yahA~ rudra kA rUpa kevala eka devatA kA hai aura unake rudra , bhava, zarva Adi aneka nAmoM kA ullekha hai. mahAdeva, pazupati, bhUtapati Adi upAdhiyoM se bhI vibhUSita kiyA gayA hai.8 rudra se manuSyoM aura pazuoM kI rakSA ke liye prArthanA kI gaI hai. unheM roganAzaka auSadhiyoM kA dAtA aura vyAdhinivAraka' kahA gayA hai. gRhya sUtroM meM rudra kI samasta vaidika upAdhiyoM kA ullekha milatA hai,12 yadyapi inake 'ziva' aura zaMkara ye navIna nAma adhika pracalita hote jA rahe haiM.13 yahA~ unheM zmazAnoM, puNyatIrthoM evaM caurAhoM jaise sthaloM meM ekAnta vihArI ke rUpa meM citrita kiyA gayA hai.14 sindhu ghATI ke nivAsiyoM kA vaidika AryoM ke sAtha saMmizraNa ho jAne para rudra ne sindhu ghATI ke puruSa devatA ko AtmasAt kara liyA. isake phalasvarUpa sindhu ghATI kI strI devatA kA rudra kI pUrvasahacarI ambikA ke sAtha tAdAtmya ho gayA aura use rudrapatnI mAnA jAne lagA. isa prakAra bhAratavarSa meM devI kI upAsanA AI aura zaktimata kA sUtrapAta huA. isake atirikta jananendriya sambandhI pratIkoM kI upAsanA, jo sindhughATI ke devatAoM kI upAsanA kA eka aMga thI, kA bhI rudra kI upAsanA meM samAveza ho gayA. isake atirikta 'liMga' rudra kA eka viziSTa pratIka mAnA jAne lagA aura isI kAraNa usakI upAsanA bhI prArambha ho gaI. parantu dhIre-dhIre loga yaha bhUla gaye ki prArambha meM yaha eka jananendriya sambandhI pratIka thA. isa prakAra bhArata meM liMgopAsanA kA prAdurbhAva huA, jo zaiva 1. zvetAzvatara upaniSad 3-11-4-10-4, 11, 5,16. 2. vahI:3,2-4,3,7,4,10-24. 3. zvetAzvatara upaniSad 4,1. 4. vahIH 4, 5. 5. praznopaniSad 2,6. 6. maitrAyaNI upaniSad 15, 8. 7. zAMkhAyana zrautasUtra : 4, 16, 1. 8. vahI : 4, 20, 14. hai. vahI: 4, 20,1.AzvalAyanaH 3,11,1. 10. lANayana zrautasUtraH 5, 3, 2. 11. zAMkhAyana zrautasUtraH 3, 4, 8. 12. AzvalAyana gRhyasUtraH 4,10. 13. vahIH 2,1,2. 14. mAnavagRhyasUtra 2, 13, 6, 14. Jain Edatoritat
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________________ 622 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya dharma kA eka aMga bana gaI. dUsarI ora upaniSadoM se pratIta hotA hai ki rudra kI upAsanA kA pracAra navIna dhArmika tathA dArzanika vicAradhArA ke pravartakoM meM ho rahA thA, aura ye loga rudra ko parabrahma mAnate the. sUtrayuga meM rudra ko 'vinAyaka' kI upAdhi dI gaI aura yahI apara vaidika kAla meM gaNeza nAma se prasiddha huA. rudra tathA vinAyaka prArambha meM eka hI devatA ke do rUpa the, parantu kAlakrama se yaha smRti lupta ho gayI aura gaNeza ko rudra kA putra mAnA jAne lagA. upaniSatkAlIna bhaktivAda ne deza ke dhArmika AcAra-vicAra meM yugAntara upasthita kara diyA. karmakANDa kA sthAna stuti, prArthanA tathA pUjA ne le liyA aura mandiroM ke nirmANa ke sAtha mAnavAkAra tathA ligAkAra meM rudra-mUrtiyoM kI pratiSThA tathA pUjA Arambha ho gaI tathA rudra kA nAma bhI aba ziva ke rUpa meM lokapracalita ho gayA. pANini ke samaya meM ziva ke vikasita svarUpa ke pramANa ve sUtra haiM, jinheM 'mAhezvara" batalAyA gayA hai. vaise pANini kI aSTAdhyAyI meM rudra, bhava aura zarva zabdoM kA bhI ullekha milatA hai.2 rAmAyaNa meM rudra ke atyadhika vikasita svarUpa ke darzana hote haiM. yahA~ unheM mukhyata: 'ziva' kahA jAtA hai. mahAdeva, mahezvara, zaMkara tathA tryambaka nAmoM kA adhika ullekha milatA hai. yahA~ unheM devatAoM meM sarvazreSTha deva-deva kahA gayA hai, aura amaraloka meM bhI unakI upAsanA vihita dikhalAI gaI hai.4 eka anya sthala para unheM amara, akSara aura avyaya bhI mAnA gayA hai.5 eka sthAna para unheM himAlaya meM yogAbhyAsa karate hue dikhalAyA gayA hai.6 rAmAyaNa meM ziva ke sAtha devI kI upAsanA bhI bhakta jana karate haiM. ina donoM ko lekara jisa upAsanApaddhati kA janma huA, vedottara kAla meM vahI zaivadharma kA sarvAdhika pracalita rUpa banA. rAmAyaNa meM ziva kI 'hara tathA 'vRSabhadhvaja ina do navIna upAdhiyoM kA bhI ullekha milatA hai. mahAbhArata meM ziva ko parabrahma, asIma, acintya, vizvasrathA, mahAbhUtoM kA eka mAtra udgama, nitya aura avyakta Adi kahA gayA hai. eka sthala para unheM sAMkhya ke nAma se abhihita kiyA gayA hai aura anyatra yogiyoM ke parama puruSa nAma se. vaha svayaM mahAyogI haiM aura AtmA ke yoga tathA samasta tapasyAoM ke jJAtA haiM. eka sthala para likhA hai ki ziva ko tapa aura bhakti dvArA hI pAyA jA sakatA hai.'' aneka sthaloM para viSNu ke liye prayukta kI gaI yogezvara" kI upAdhi isa tathya kI dyotaka hai ki viSNu kI upAsanA meM bhI yogAbhyAsa kA samAveza ho gayA thA, aura koI bhI mata isake vardhamAna mahattva kI upekSA nahIM kara sakatA thA. mahAbhArata meM ziva ke eka anya navIna rUpa ke darzana hote haiM aura vaha hai unakA 'kApAlika' svarUpa. yaha svarUpa mRtyudevatA vaidika rudra kA vikasita rUpa mAlUma detA hai. yahA~ unakI AkRti bhaktivAda ke ArAdhyadeva ziva kI saumya 1. mAhezvara sUtra isa prakAra haiM-ai uNa, kAlU ka. e o Ga, ai o ca, ha ya va ra, la Na, ama Ga Na na m, ma bha Ja, ghaDha dha 5, ja va ga Da da za, kha pha cha Tha tha ca Ta ta ba, ka pa ya za pa sara, hala. 2. aSTAdhyAyo : 1,46, 3, 53, 4,100. 3. rAmAyaNa, bAlakANDaH 45, 22-26, 66.11-12, 6, 1,16, 27. 4. vahI, 13, 21. 5. vahI, 4. 26. 6. vahI,36, 26. 7. rAmAyaNa, bAlakANDaH 43, 6. uttarakANDaH 4, 32, 16, 27, 87, 11. 8. vahI, yuddhakANDaH 117, 3 uttarakANDaH 16, 35, 87, 12. 6. mahAbhArata droNaH 74,56,61.169, 26. 10. vahIH anuzAsanaH 18,8,22. 11. anuzAsana vahI: 18, 74 Adi. HDMCLI _Jain tumadan
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________________ DaoN. rAjakumAra jaina : vRSabhadeva tathA ziva-saMbaMdhI prAcya mAnyatAeM : 623 AkRti ke sarvathA viparIta evaM bhayAvaha hai. vaha hAtha meM kapAla liye haiM' aura lokavajita zmazAna pradeza unakA priya AvAsa hai, jahAM vaha rAkSasoM, vetAloM, pizAcoM aura isI prakAra ke anya jIvoM ke sAtha vihAra karate haiM. unake gaNa ko 'naktaMcara' tathA 'pizitAzana' kahA gayA hai. eka sthala para svayaM ziva ko mAMsa bhakSaNa karate hue tathA rakta evaM majjA kA pAna karate hue ullikhita kiyA gayA hai." azvaghoSa ke buddhacarita meM ziva kA 'vRSadhvaja' tathA 'bhava' ke rUpa meM ullekha huA hai,5 bhAratIya nATyazAstra meM ziva ko 'paramezvara' kahA gayA hai.6 unakI 'trinetra' 'vRSAMka' tathA 'naTarAja' upAdhiyoM kI carcA hai. vaha nRtyakalA ke mahAn AcArya haiM aura unhoMne hI nATyakalA ko 'tANDava' diyA. vaha isa samaya taka mahAn yogAcArya ke rUpa meM khyAta ho cuke the tathA isameM kahA gayA hai ki unhoMne hI 'bharata-putroM' ko siddhi sikhAI.8 anta meM ziva ke tripuradhvaMsa kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai aura batAyA gayA hai ki brahmA ke Adeza se bharata ne 'tripuradAha' nAmaka eka 'Dima' (rUpaka kA eka prakAra) bhI racA thA aura bhagavAn ziva ke samakSa usakA abhinaya huA thA.6 purANoM meM ziva kA pada bar3A hI mahattvapUrNa ho gayA hai. yahA~ vaha dArzanikoM ke brahma haiM, AtmA haiM, asIma haiM aura zAzvata haiM.1deg vaha eka Adi puruSa haiM. parama satya haiM tathA upaniSadoM evaM vedAnta meM unakI hI mahimA kA gAna kiyA gayA hai." buddhimAn aura mokSAbhilASI inhIM kA dhyAna karate haiM.12 vaha sarvajJa haiM, vizvavyApI haiM, carAcara ke svAmI haiM tathA samasta prANiyoM meM AtmarUpa se basate haiM.13 vaha eka svayaMbhU haiM tathA vizva kA sUjana, pAlana evaM saMhAra karane ke kAraNa tIna rUpa dhAraNa karate haiM. unheM 'mahAyogI',15 tathA yogavidyA kA pramukha AcArya mAnA jAtA hai. saura tathA vAyu purANa meM ziva kI eka vizeSa yogika upAsanA vidhi kA nAma mAhezvara yoga hai. inheM isa rUpa meM 'yatI', 'Atma-saMyamI' 'brahmacArI'20 tathA 'UrdhvaretAH'21 bhI kahA gayA hai. zivapurANa meM ziva kA Adi tIrthaMkara vRSabhadeva ke rUpa meM avatAra 1. vanaparva bahIH 188, 50 Adi. 2. vahI vanaparvaH 83, 3. 3. droNa parvaH 50, 46. 4. vahI, anuzAsana parva, 151, 7. 5. buddhacaritaH 10, 3, 1,63. 6. nAtyazAstraH 1,1. 7. vahIH 1, 45, 24, 5, 10. 8. vahIH 1,60, 65. 6. vahIH 4,5,10. 10. liMga purANa, bhAga 2, 21, 46, vAyupurANaH 55, 3, garuDapurANaH 16, 6,7. 11. saurapurANaH 26, 31, brahmapurANaH 123, 116. 12. vahIH 2,83, brahmapurANaH 110, 100. 13. vAyu purANaH 30, 283,84. 14. vahIH 66, 108, liMga purANa bhAga 1, 11. 15. vahI: 24, 156 ityAdi. 16. brahmavaivartapurANaH bhAga 1, 3, 20, 6, 4. 17. saura purANaH adhyAya 12. 18. vAyu purANa adhyAya 10. 16. matsyapurANaH 47, 138, vAyupurANaH 17, 166. 20. vahI, 47,138, 26, vAyupurANaH 24, 162. 21. matsyapurANaH 136, 5, saurapurANaH 7,17, 38,1,38, 14. Jain EduKITramadi tiaT A THHTRA || HITADKAnirahARATIONanitilv.. ... .1111111111111111111111..numausbanry.org
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________________ 624 : munizrI hajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya lene kA ullekha hai.' prabhAsapurANa meM bhI aisA hI ullekha upalabdha hotA hai.2 vimalasUri ke 'paumacariu' ke maMgalAcaraNa ke prasaMga meM eka "jinendra rudrASTaka' kA ullekha huA hai. yadyapi ise athaka kahA gayA hai, parantu padya sAta hI haiM. isameM jinendra bhagavAn kA rudra ke rUpa meM stavana kiyA gayA hai. batAyA gayA hai ki jinendra rudra pApa rUpI andhakAsura ke vinAzaka haiM, kAma, lobha evaM moharUpI tripura ke dAhaka haiM, unakA zarIra tapa rUpI bhasma se vibhUSita hai, saMyamarUpI vRSabha para vaha ArUr3ha haiM, saMsArarUpI karI (hAthI) ko vidIrNa karane vAle haiM, nirmala buddhirUpI candrarekhA se alaMkRta haiM, zuddhabhAvarUpI kapAla se sampanna haiM, vratarUpI sthira parvata (kailAza) para nivAsa karane vAle haiM, guNa-gaNa rUpI mAnava-muNDoM ke mAlAdhArI haiM, daza dharmarUpI khaTvAMga se yukta haiM. tapaHkIti rUpI gaurI se maNDita haiM. sAta bhaya rUpI uddAma DamarU ko bajAnevAle haiM, arthAt vaha sarvathA bhItirahita haiM, manogupti rUpI sarpaparikara se vethita haiM, nirantara satyavANI rUpI vikaTa jaTA-kalApa se maMDita haiM tathA huMkAramAtra se bhaya kA vinAza karane vAle haiM. AcArya vIrasena svAmI ne dhavalA TIkA meM arhantoM kA paurANika ziva ke rUpa meM ullekha kiyA hai aura kahA hai ki arhanta parameSThI ve haiM jinhoMne moha rUpI vRkSa ko jalA diyA hai, jo vizAla ajJAna rUpI pArAvAra se uttIrNa ho cuke haiM, jinhoMne vighnoM ke samUha ko naSTa kara diyA hai, jo sampUrNa bAdhAoM se nirmukta haiM, jo acala haiM, jinhoMne kAmadeva ke prabhAva ko dalita kara diyA hai, jinhoMne tripura arthAt moha, rAga dveSa ko acchI taraha se bhasma kara diyA hai, jo digambara munivratI athavA muniyoM ke pati arthAt Izvara haiM, jinhoMne samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyak cAritra rUpI trizUla ko dhAraNa karake moha rUpI aMdhakAsura ke kabandhavRnda kA haraNa kara liyA hai tathA jinhoMne sampUrNa AtmarUpa ko prApta kara liyA hai aura durnaya kA anta kara diyA hai.4 paumacariu meM ullikhita 'rudrAyaka' isa tathya kA dyotaka hai ki isa racanA ke samaya taka vaidikakAlIna rudra ne kApAlika evaM paurANika yuga ke lokapracalita svarUpa ko aMgIkAra kara liyA thA, jisakA jaina paramparAnurUpI samanvaya ukta 'aSaka' ke racayitA ne apanI racanA meM karake apanI paramparAgata rudrabhakti kA paricaya diyA. vIrasena svAmI dvArA arhantoM kA paurANika ziva ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA citraNa bhI isI tathya kI ora iMgita karatA hai. svayaM mahAkavi puSpadanta ne bhI apane mahApurANa meM eka sthala para bhagavAn vRSabhadeva ke liye rudra kI brahmA-viSNu-maheza rUpI trimUrti se sambandhita aneka vizeSaNoM kA prayoga kiyA hai. bhagavAn kA yaha eka saMstavana hai, jise unake kevala jJAna 1. itthaM prabhAva RSabho'vatAraH zaMkarasya me / satAM gatirdInabandhurnavamaH kathitabastava / RSabhasya caritra hi paramaM pAvanaM mahat / svaya'yazasyamAyuSyaM zrotavyaM ca pryltH| -zivapurANa 4, 47-48. 2. kailAze vimalaramye vRSabho'yaM jinezvaraH / cakAra svAvatAra ca sarvajJaH sarvagaH shivH| -prabhAsapusaNa, 46. 3. 'pApAndhakanirNAzaM makaradhvaja-lobha-mohapuradahanam , tapobhasma bhUSitAMgaM jinendrarudra sadA vande // 1 // saMyamavRSabhArUDhaM tapa-ugramahata tIkSNazUladharam, saMsArakari vidAraM jinendrarudra sadA vande / / bimalamaticandrarekha viracitasilazuddhabhAvakapAlam, vratAcalazailanilaya jinendrarudra sadA vande / 3 / guNagaNanaraziramAlaM dazadhvajodbhUtaviditakhaDvAGgam, tapaH kIrtigauriracitaM jinendrarudra sadA bande / 4 / saptabhayaDAma DamarUkavAdyaM anavarataprakaTasaMdoham, manovaddhasarpaparikaraM jinendrarudra sadA vande / 5 / anavaratasatyavAcA vikaTajaTAmukuTa kRtazobham, huMkArabhayavinAzaM jinendrarudra sadA vande / / IzAna zayanaracitaM jinendrarudrASTakaM lalitaM me bhAvaM ca, yaH paThati bhAvazuddhastasya bhavejjagati saMsiddhiH // 7 // ' 4. 'giddhaddhamohataruNo visthirANaNANa-sAyaruttiNNA, Nihaya-Niya-vigdha-vaggA bahuvAhaviNiggayA ayalA / daliya-mayaNa-dhAyAbA tikAlavisaehi tIhi NyaNehiM, diTThasayalaTThasArA suraddhatiuNa muNabvaiyo / tirayaNatisUladhAriya mohaMdhAsura-kavaMdha-vindaharA, siddhasayalapparUvA arahantA duNNayakayaMtA / -dhavalA TIkA-1 pR0 saM045-46. Jain Edation wweenebrary.org
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________________ Jain Edu DaoN0 rAjakumAra jaina : vRSabhadeva tathA ziva-saMbaMdhI prAcya mAnyatAe: 625 hone ke pazcAt saudharma tathA IzAna indra ne prastuta kiyA hai. stavana meM bhagavAn kI jaya manAte hue kahA gayA hai' ki vaha durmatha kAmadeva kA manthana karanevAle haiM, doSa-zeSa rUpI mAMsa ke liye agni ke samAna haiM, sampUrNa vizuddha kevalajJAna ke AvAsa haiM, aura mithyAmArga se sanmArga prApti ke vidhAraka haiM. vaha kaMkAla, trisUla, manuSya-kapAla, viSadhara tathA strI se rahita haiM, zAnta haiM, ziva hai, hiMsaka hai, rAjampavarga unake caraNoM kI pUjA karatA hai, paropakArI hai, bhIti dUra karane vAle haiM, parantu apane antaraMga ripuvarga ke liye bhayaMkara haiM, vAmAvimukta [strI rahita] haiM, parantu svayaM saMsAra ke liye vAma [pratikUla hai, tripurahArI [janma jarA mRtyu] athavA mithyAdarzana, jJAna cAritra rUpI tripura ke vinAzaka hai, hara haiM, dhairyazAlI haiM, nirmala svayaM buddha rUpa se sampanna haiM, svayaMbhU haiM, sarvajJa haiM, sukha tathA zAntikArI zaMkara haiM, candradhara haiM, sUrya haiM, rudra haiM, ugra tapasviyoM meM agragAmI haiM, saMsAra ke svAmI haiM, tathA use upazAnta karane vAle haiM, mahAdeva haiM, mahAn guNagaNoM se yazasvI haiM, mahAkAla haiM, pralayakAla ke liye ugrakAla haiM, gaNeza [ gaNadharoM ke svAmI ] haiM, gaNapatiyoM [vRSabhasena Adi gaNadharoM] ke janaka haiM, brahma hai, brahmacArI haiM, vedAMgavAdI [siddhAntavAdI ] haiM, kamalayoni haiM, pRthvI kA uddhAra karane vAle AdivarAha haiM, suvarNavRSTi ke sAtha garbha meM avatIrNa hue haiM, durbhaya ke nivAraka haiM, hiraNyagarbha haiM, [yugA haiM] paramAnanta][anantadarzana, anantajJAna, ananyasukha tathA anantavIrya ] se suzobhita haiM, ajJAnAndhakAra hArI haiM, divasanAtha haiM, yajJapuruSa haiM, pazuyajJa ke vinAzaka haiM, RSi sammata ahiMsAdharma ke prakAzaka haiM, 3 mAdhava (antaraMga bahiraMga lakSmI ke svAmI) haiM, tribhuvana ke mApaveza haiM, madyarUpI madhu ko dUSita karane vAle madhusUdana haiM, lokadRSTA paramAtmA haiM, govarddhana (jJAnavardhaka) haiM, kezava hai aura paramahaMsa haiM. indra kahate haiM--bhagavAn ko saMsAra meM kezava kahA jAtA hai jo rAgI ho [yaH kezeSu rAgavAn sa ' kezavaH * jo kezoM meM anurAgI ho use kezava kahate haiM ], parantu tuma to vItarAgI ho, ataH tumhAre andara vaha kezavatva kaise A sakatA hai ? 'kezava'' ke anya praznamUlaka zAbdika tAtparya ko lekara indra kahate haiM- bhagavan, vAstava meM ve hI jar3a haiM jo tumhArA upahAsa karate haiM aura aise jana kA naraka - vAsa hI nizcita hai. bhagavan, tuma kAzyapa ho, jar3a-AcAra se vihIna ho, ekAgra cintAnirodhapUrvaka dhyAnI ho, AkAza, agni, candra, sUrya, yajamAna, pRthvI, pavana, salila - ina ATha zarIroM se yukta mahezvara ho, paramodArika zarIra se yukta ho. kalikAla ke samasta pApa-paMka se mukta ho, siddha ho, buddha ho, zuddhodani ho, sugata ho, kumArganAzaka - 1. jaya dumma havammahaNimmahaNa dosa-rosa-pazu- pAsa-sihi, jaya sayalavimala kevalagilaya haraNa karaNa uddharaNavihi / 2. jaya kaMkAlasUlara kaMdala visahara vilayavirahiyA, jaya bhagavaMta saMta sitra sakiva NivaMciyacaraNa parahiyA / jaya sukara kahiyaNIsesaNAma bhomaMtharaNa giryArauvaggabhIma, vAmAvimukka saMsAravAma jaya tiurahAri harahIradhAma / jaya payaDiyadhusa sayaMbhubhAva jayajaya saMyabhU parigaNiya bhAva, jaya saMkara saMkara vihiyasaMti jaya sasahara kuvalayadi eNakaMti / jaya rudda ra uddatavaggagAni jaya jaya bhavasAmi bhavovasAmi mahaeva mahAguNagaNajasAla mahakAla palayakAlumgakAla / jaya jaya gaNesa gaNavaijara jaya vaMbhapasAhiya baMbhacera, veyaMgatrAi jaya kamalajoNi AI varAha uddhariyakhogi / sahiraeNaviTThi paDivaNNagavbha jaya duraNayahiNa hiraNyaganbha, jaya paramANeta cakka soha bhAvaMdhasArahara divasaNAha / jaya jayapurisa pasujANAsi risisaMsa ahiMsAdhammabhAsi // 3. 'jaya mAhava tihuvaNamAhavesa mahusUyaNa siyamahuvisesa jaya loNi ozya paramahaMsa govaddharaNa kesava paramahaMsa / jagi so kesau jo rAyavaMta tuha khIrAyahu, kahiM kesavattu . - 'mahApurANa' 10, 5. 4. dekhiye, mahApurANa 10, 5 kI TippaNI. 5. ke saba te saba je para hasaMti jaDa pAvapiMDa rauravi vasaMti, jaya vAsava kA savavihi tumammi raMtarU citti girohu jammi | jaya gayaNa huyAsaNacaMda ravi jIvaya mahi mAruya salila, alaMgama hesara jaya sayala pakkhAliya kalimalakalila // - 'mahApurANa' 10, 5. tulanA kIjiye : yA sRSTi sRSTadharAdyA vahati vidhihutaM yA haviyAM ca hotrI ye dve sandhye vidhattaH zrutiviSayaguNA yA sthitA vyApya vizva / yAmAhu 'sarvabIjaprakRtiriti yayA prANinaH prANavantaH, pratyakSAbhiH 'prapannastanubhiravatu vastAbhiraSTAbhirIzaH' / - abhizAnazAkuntala 1, 1 tathA mAlavikAgnimitra 1,1. 6. jaya jaya siddha buddha suddhoyaNi sugaya kumaggaNAsaNA, jaya vaikuMTha viTTu dAmoyara hayaparavAzvAsaNA // - 'mahApurANa' 10,60 ibrary.org
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________________ 626 : munizrI hajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya ho, vaikuNThavAsI viSNu ho, dAmodara ho tathA paravAdiyoM kI vAsanA ko naSTa karane vAle ho. mahAkavi puSpadanta ke ullikhita saMstavana ke adhyayana se pratIta hotA hai ki bhagavAn vRSabhadeva ke rUpa meM hI ziva ke trimUrtirUpa tathA buddha rUpa ko bhI samanvita kara liyA gayA hai. yadyapi samanvaya kriyA puSpadanta dvArA janadRSTi ko sammukha rakha kara kI gaI hai, parantu pratIta hotA hai ki tatkAlIna lokapracalita ziva ke ekezvaratva ne bhI aMzataH unake mastiSka para avazya prabhAva DAlA hai. puSpadaMta kA yuga jainadharma ke utkarSa tathA dhArmika sahiSNutA kA yuga thA. khajurAho' ke 1000 IsvI ke zilAlekha nambara pA~ca meM ziva kA 'ekezvara' rUpa meM tathA 'viSNu' 'buddha' aura 'jina' kA unhIM ke avatAroM ke rUpa meM ullekha kiyA jAnA isI tathya ko puSTa karatA hai. yadyapi isase pUrva paurANika kAla meM dhArmika saMgharSa ne ugrarUpa dhAraNa kiyA aura cArvAka, kaula tathA kApAlikoM ke sAtha bauddha aura jainoM ko bhI vidharmI mAnA gayA.2 vRSabha tathA ziva-aikya ke anya sAkSya : katipaya anya lokamAnya sAkSya bhI vRSabha tathA ziva-donoM ke aikya ke samarthaka haiM jo nimna prakAra haiM : ziva rAtri tathA kailAza : vaidika mAnyatA ke anusAra ziva kailAzavAsI haiM aura unase sambandhita zivarAtri parva kA vahA~ bar3A mahattva hai. jaina paramparA ke anusAra bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne sarvajJa hone ke pazcAt AryAvarta ke samasta dezoM meM vihAra kiyA, bhavya jIvoM ko dhArmika dezanA dI aura Ayu ke anta meM amApada (kailAza parvata) pahuMce. vahA~ pahu~ca kara yoganirodha kiyA aura zeSa karmoM kA kSaya karake mAgha kRSNA caturdazI ke dina akSaya zivagati (mokSa) prApta kI. bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne aSTApada (kailAza) se jisa dina ziva-gati prApta kI usa dina samasta sAdhu-saMgha ne dina ko upavAsa tathA rAtri ko jAgaraNa karake ziva-gati prApta bhagavAn kI ArAdhanA kI, jisake phalasvarUpa yaha tithi-rAtri 'zivarAtri' ke nAma se prasiddha huI. uttaraprAntIya jainetara varga meM prastuta zivarAtri parva phAlguna kRSNA caturdazI ko mAnA jAtA hai. uttara tathA dakSiNa dezIya paMcAgoM meM maulika bheda hI isakA mUla kAraNa hai. uttaraprAnta meM mAsa kA AraMbha kRSNa-pakSa se mAnA jAtA hai aura dakSiNa meM zukla-pakSa se. prAcIna mAnyatA bhI yahI hai. jainetara sAhitya meM caturdazI ke dina hI zivarAtri kA ullekha milatA hai. IzAna* saMhitA meM likhA hai : mAdhe kRSNacaturdazyAmAdidevo mahAnizi / zivaliMgatayodbhUtaH koTisUryasamaprabhaH / tatkAlavyApinI grAhyA zivarAtrivate tithiH / prastuta uddharaNa meM jahA~ isa tathya kA saMketa hai ki mAghakRSNA caturdazI ko hI zivarAtri mAnya kiyA jAnA cAhie, vahA~ usakI mAnyatAmUlaka aitihAsika kAraNa kA bhI nirdeza hai ki ukta tithi kI mahAnizA meM koTi sUrya prabhopama bhagavAn 1. epigrAphikA iNDikA : bhAga 1, pRSTha saM0 140, 2. saurapurANa : 38, 54. 3. 'mAghassa kiNhi codasi puvvarahe Niyaya jammaNakkhatte. (ka) aTThAvayammi usaho ajudeNa samaM gaojjomi |'-tiloypnnnnttii / (kha) ..................ghaNatuhiNakagAuli mAhamAsi / sUraggamikasaNacauddasIhi pinbui titthaMkari purisasIhi / -mahApurANa : 37, 3. 4. IzAna saMhitA.
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________________ DaoN0 rAjakumAra jaina : vRSabhadeva tathA ziva-saMbaMdhI prAcya mAnyatAeM : 627 Adideva [vRSabhanAtha] zivagati prApta ho jAne se 'ziva' isa liMga [cihna se prakaTa hue-arthAt jo ziva pada prApta hone se pahale 'Adideva' kahe jAte the, ve aba zivapada prApta ho jAne se 'ziva' kahalAne lage. uttara tathA dakSiNa prAnta kI yaha vibhinnatA kevala kRSNa-pakSa meM hI rahatI hai, para zukla pakSa ke sambandha meM donoM hI eka mata haiM. jaba uttara bhArata meM phAlguna kRSNapakSa cAlU hogA taba dakSiNa bhArata kA vaha mAghakRSNa pakSa kahA jAyagA. jainapurANoM ke praNetA prAyaH dakSiNa bhAratIya jainAcArya rahe haiM, ata: unake dvArA ullikhita mAghakRSNA caturdazI uttarabhAratIya jana kI phAlguna kRSNA caturdazI hI ho jAtI hai. kAlamAdhavIya nAgara khaNDa meM prastuta mAsavaiSamya kA nimna prakAra samanvaya kiyA gayA hai' : 'mAgha mAsasya zeNe yA prathame phAlguNasya ca / kRSNA caturdazI sA tu zivarAtriH prakIrtitA / ' arthAt dakSiNAtya jana ke mAgha mAsa ke zeSa athavA antima pakSa kI aura uttaraprAntIya jana ke phAlguna ke prathama mAsa kI kRSNA caturdazI 'zivarAtri' kahI gaI hai. gaMgAvataraNa uttaravaidika mAnyatA ke anusAra jaba gaMgA AkAza se avatIrNa huI to dIrgha kAla taka zivajI ke jaTA-jUTa meM bhramaNa karatI rahI aura usake pazcAt vaha bhUtala para avatarita huI. yaha eka rUpaka hai, jisakA vAstavika rahasya yaha hai ki jaba ziva arthAt bhagavAn RSabha deva ko asarvajJadazA meM jisa svasaMvittirupI jJAna-gaMgA kI prApti huI usakI dhArA dIrghakAla taka unake mastiSka meM pravAhita hotI rahI aura unake sarvajJa hone ke pazcAt vahI dhArA unakI divya vANI ke mArga se prakaTa hokara saMsAra ke uddhAra ke liye bAhara AI tathA isa prakAra samasta AryAvarta ko pavitra evaM AplAvita kara diyA. gaMgAvataraNa jaina paraMparAnusAra eka anya ghaTanA kA bhI smAraka hai. vaha yaha hai ki jaina bhaugolika mAnyatA meM gaMgAnadI himavAn parvata ke padmanAmaka sarovara se nikalatI hai. vahA~ se nikala kara vaha kucha dUra taka to Upara hI pUrvadizA kI ora bahatI hai, phira dakSiNa kI ora mur3a kara jahA~ bhUtala para avatIrNa hotI hai, vahA~ para nIce gaMgAkUTa meM eka vistRta cabUtare para Adi jinendra vRSabhanAtha kI jaTAjUTa vAlI aneka vaz2amayI pratimAe~ avasthita haiM, jina para himavAn parvata ke Upara se gaMgA kI dhArA giratI hai. vikrama kI caturtha zatAbdI ke mahAn jaina AcArya yativRSabha ne trilokaprajJapti meM prastuta gaMgAvataraNa kA isa prakAra varNana kiyA hai : 'zrAdijiNappaDimAo tAo jaDa-mauDa-seharillAyo / paDimovarimmi gaMgA abhisittumaNA va sA pdddi|' arthAt gaMgAkUTa ke Upara jaTArUpa mukuTa se zobhita Adi jinendra (vRSabhanAtha bhagavAn) kI pratimAeM haiM. pratIta hotA hai ki una pratimAoM kA abhiSeka karane kI abhilASA se hI gaMgA unake Upara giratI hai. AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI ne bhI prastuta gaMgAvataraNa kI ghaTanA kA nimna prakAra citraNa kiyA hai : sirigihasIsaTThiyaMbujakariNayasiMhAsaNaM jaDAmaelaM / jiNamabhisittumaNA vA aodiNNA matthae gNgaa|' arthAt zrI devI ke gRha ke zIrSa para sthita kamala kI kaNikA ke Upara siMhAsana para virAjamAna jo jaTArUpa mukuTa 1. kAlamAdhavIya nAgara khaNDa. 2. trilokaprajJapti: 4, 230. 3. triloka sAra : 560, gAthA saMkhyA. IMM HAN LA Jain Ede wwwcorary.org
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________________ 628 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya vAlI jinamUrti hai, usakA abhiSeka karane ke liye hI mAnoM gaMgA usa mUrti ke mastaka para himavAn parvata se avatIrNa huI hai. trizUla vaidika paraMparA meM ziva ko trizUladhArI batalAyA gayA hai tathA trizUlAMkita zivamUrtiyA~ bhI upalabdha hotI haiM. jainaparaMparA meM bhI arhanta kI mUrtiyoM ko ratnatraya (samyagdarzana, sayagjJAna, samyak cAritra) ke pratIkAtmaka trizUlAMkita trizUla se sampanna dikhalAyA gayA hai. AcArya vIrasena ne eka gAthA trizUlAMkita arhantoM ko namaskAra kiyA hai.' sindhu upatyakA se prApta mudrAoM para bhI kucha aise yogiyoM kI mUrtiyA~ aMkita haiM jo digambara haiM, jinake zira para trizUla haiM aura kAyotsarga mudrA meM dhyAnAvasthita haiM. kucha mUrtiyA~ vRSabhacihna se aMkita haiM. mUrtiyoM ke ye donoM rUpa mahAn yogI vRSabhadeva se saMbaMdhita haiM. isa ke atirikta khaMDagiri kI jaina guphAoM (IsApUrva dvitIya zatAbdI) meM tathA mathurA ke kuzAnakAlIna jaina AyAgapaTTa Adi meM bhI trizUlacihna kA ullekha milatA hai.2 DA0 roTha ne isa trizula cihna tathA mohanajodar3o kI mudrAoM para aMkita trizUla meM Atyantika sAdRzya dikhalAyA hai. brAhmIlipi tathA mAhezvara sUtra jaisI ki jaina mAnyatA hai tathA pahale hamane mahApurANa kI pAMcavIM sandhi meM dekhA ki bhagavAna RSabhadeva ne apane putra bharata Adi ko sampUrNa kalAoM meM pAraMgata kiyA aura apanI putrI brAhmI ko lipividyA (akSara vidyA) tathA sundarI ko aMkavidyA sikhalAI. bhArata kI prAcInatama lipi brAhmI lipi hai. jainaparamparA meM tathA upaniSad meM bhI bhagavAn RSabhadeva ko Adi brahmA kahA gayA hai, ataH brahmA se AI huI lipi brAhmI kahalAI jA sakatI hai tathA brahmI se sambandhita lipi kA nAma bhI brAhmI ho sakatA hai. dUsarI ora pANini ne aiuN Adi sUtroM (sUtrabaddha varNamAlA) ko 'mAhezvara' batalAyA hai, jisakA artha hai mahezvara se Aye hue. vaidika paraMparA meM jahA~ ziva ko mahezvara kahA gayA hai, vahA~ jainaparamparA meM bhagavAn RSabhadeva hI mahezvara athavA brahmA (prajApati) haiM. isa prakAra vRSabhadeva dvArA brAhmI putrI ko sikhAI gaI brAhmIlipi kI akSaravidyA tathA mAhezvara sUtrabaddha varNamAlA donoM meM jahA~ svarUpataH aikya hai, vahA~ yaha aikya hI donoM ke pravartaka saMbaMdhI aikya ko iMgita karatA hai. vRSabha [baila] kA yoga vaidika paramparA meM ziva kA vAhana vRSabha (baila) batalAyA gayA hai. jainamAnyatAnusAra bhagavAn vRSabhadeva kA cihna baila hai. garbha meM avatarita hone ke samaya inakI mAtA marudevI ne svapna meM eka variSTha vRSabha ko apane mukha-kamala meM praveza karate hue dekhA thA, ata: inakA nAma vRSabha rakkhA gayA. sindhu ghATI meM prApta vRSabhAMkita mUrtiyukta mudrAe~ tathA vaidika 1. tirayA -tisUladhAgyi.........."dhavalATIkA, 1,45-46. 2. (a) Kurtshe, list of ancient monuments protected under Act VII of 1904 (Arch. Survey of India New imperial series vol 4) Trisula in Anant gumpha P. 273 and in Trisula Gumpha P.280. (b) Smith Jain stupa and other Antiquities of Mathura Ayegapata tablets pls. IX,X and XI. 3. brahmA devAnAM prathama saMbabhUva vizvastha kartA bhuvanasya goptA / "muNDakopaniSad : 1,1. 4. brahmaNa : AgatA (brahmA se AI huI) isa artha meM vyAkaraNazAstra dvArA brahmI zabda kI niSpati hotI hai. 5. iti mAhezvarANi sUtrANyaNAdisaMjJArthAni. --siddhAMtakaumudI, pR0 saM0 2. 6. atharvavedaH 16, 42, 416, 43 sUkta, yajurveda 40, 46 Rgveda 4, 58. aaaaaa Jain on jainelprary.org
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________________ DaoN. rAjakumAra jaina : vRSabhadeva tathA ziva-saMbaMdhI prAcya mAnyatAeM : 626 yuktiyA~ bhI vRSabhAMkita vRSabhadeva ke astitva kI samarthaka haiM. isa prakAra vRSabha kA yoga bhI ziva tathA vRSabhadeva ke aikya ko saMpuSTa karatA hai, bhagavAn vRSabhadeva tathA ziva donoM kA jaTAjUTayukta' tathA kapaTI rUpacitraNa bhI inake aikya kA samarthaka hai. bhagavAn vRSabhadeva ke dIkSA lene ke pazcAt tathA AhAra lene ke pUrva eka varSa ke sAdhaka jIvana meM unake keza bahuta bar3ha gaye, phalataH unake isa tapasvI jIvana kI smRti meM hI jaTAjUTayukta mUrtiyoM kA nirmANa pracalita huA. subhaO 1. vattIsuvaesa muNIsarahaM kuDilA uMciyakesaM.-mahApurANu 37, 17 tathA yajurveda, 16,56. 2. saMskAravirahAt kezA 'jaTIbhUtAstadA vibho', nUnaM te'pi tamaHklezamanusonu tathA sthitAH / muneyUndhijaTA dUraM prasasuH pavanoddhatA', dhyAnAgnineva taptasya jIvasvarNasya kAlikA / -AdipurANaH 18, 75-76. Jain Education Interational
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________________ DaoN. devIlAla pAlIvAla ema0 e0, pI-eca0 DI0 rAjasthAna ke prAcIna itihAsa kI zodha rAjasthAna kA prathama kramabaddha itihAsa sana 1826 meM aMgrejI bhASA meM iMglaiNDa meM prakAzita haA thA. grantha kA nAma thA 'enalz2a enDa enTikviTIja Apha rAjasthAna' aura lekhaka the karnala jemsa TADa, usa vizvavikhyAta grantha kA mahattva kevala itanA hI nahIM hai ki usameM vardhana sAmrAjya ke patana ke bAda se lekara dillI saltanata kI sthApanA taka ke rAjapUta kAla ke pramukha rAjavaMzoM kA kramabaddha itihAsa prastuta karane kI ceSTA kI gaI hai, balki usakA mahattva isa bAta meM bhI hai ki usane pazcima ke sabhya dezoM ko vyApaka rUpa se bhAratIya jJAna evaM sabhyatA kI uccatA ke sambandha meM eka jhalaka dI aura pUrvIya jJAna ke sambandha meM zodha karane tathA pazcimI evaM pUrvIya jJAna ke bIca samanvaya kI eka navIna dhArA pravAhita kI. rAjasthAna kA itihAsa likhate samaya karnala TADa kI manaH sthiti eka aise gotAkhora kI taraha thI, jise samudra meM gotA lagAte hue eka amUlya ratna prApta ho gayA ho aura jo usa ratna ko vizva ke sanmukha pradarzita karane kA harSa anubhava kara rahA ho. grantha kI bhUmikA ke prArambha meM TADa ne likhA thA "yUropa meM isa bAta para atyanta nirAzA prakaTa kI gaI hai ki bhAratavarSa meM gambhIra aitihAsika cintana kA abhAva hai... ......sAmAnya taura para loga isa bAta ko svataH siddha mAnate haiM ki bhAratavarSa kA koI rASTrIya itihAsa nahI hai. phrAMsa ke eka prasiddha prAcya vidyA-vizArada ne uparyukta dhAraNA ke viruddha yaha savAla uThAyA hai ki yadi bhAratavarSa kA koI rASTrIya itihAsa nahIM thA to abulapharala ko prAcIna hindU itihAsa kI rUparekhA taiyAra karane ke lie sAmagrI kahA~ se prApta huI ? vAstava meM kAzmIra kI itihAsa sambandhI pustaka 'rAjataraMgiNI' kA anuvAda kara vilsana mahodaya ne isa bhrama ko miTAne meM kAphI yoga diyA hai. isase yaha pramANita ho gayA hai ki niyamita itihAsa likhane kI paripATI kA bhAratavarSa meM abhAva nahIM thA. ...........tathA aisI sAmagrI Aja se kahIM adhika mAtrA meM upalabdha thI ...........yadyapi phrAMsa aura jarmanI ke vidvAnoM ke sAtha-sAtha kolabuka vilakinsa, vilsana evaM hamAre deza ke anya vidvAnoM ne bhAratavarSa ke gupta vidyAbhaMDAra ke kucha viSayoM ko yUropavAsiyoM ke sanmukha prakaTa kiyA hai, kintu aba bhI itanA hI kahA jA sakatA hai ki hama abhI kevala bhAratIya jJAna kI Dyor3hI taka karnala TADa ne grantha kI bhUmikA meM madhyayuga ke daurAna meM hue bhAratIya sAhitya evaM kalA ke vinAza ke sambandha meM likhate hue kahA : 'bhAratavarSa ke vibhinna bhAgoM meM aba bhI aise bar3e-bar3e pustakAlaya vidyamAna haiM jo islAma dharma ke pravartakoM dvArA vinaSTa hone se baca gaye haiM, udAharaNa ke lie jaisalamera aura paTTana ke prAcIna sAhitya ke saMgraha...........isa prakAra ke kaI anya choTe-choTe saMgrahAlaya madhya evaM pazcimI bhArata ke pradezoM meM vidyamAna haiM jinameM se kucha to rAjAoM kI vyaktigata sampatti haiM aura kucha jainasampradAya ke adhikAra meM haiM.' karnala TADa kA graMtha, prakAza-stambha bana gayA aura usakI rozanI meM pazcimI dezoM ke purAtattvavettA evaM bhAratIya vidvAn Jain Edit www.anendrary.org
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________________ DaoN. devIlAla pAlIvAla : rAjasthAna ke prAcIna itihAsa kI zodha : 631 pAha. bhAratIya itihAsa kI khoja karane lage. samaya samaya para katipaya jarmana, aMgreja, iTAliyana purAtattvavettA evaM vidvAn bhAratavarSa Aye aura unhoMne rAjasthAna ke vibhinna sthAnoM meM bhramaNa kiyA aura usa bahumUlya sAmagrI kA saMgraha kiyA, jise sAmAnyataH bhAratIya mahattvahIna mAnate the. zodha ke ina prayatnoM se sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa bAta jo prakAza meM AI, vaha yaha ki prAcIna sAhitya sAmagrI ko saMgrahIta karane tathA samakAlIna sAhitya kI racanA karane kI dRSTi se jaina-sampradAya ne lambe kAla taka isa pradeza kI bhArI sevA kI. rAjasthAna evaM rAjasthAna ke bAhara madhyayuga ke daurAna meM jo bhI pustakAlaya banAye gaye evaM rakSita kiye gaye, unakA sarvAdhika zreya jaina vidvAnoM ko hai. aMgrejoM dvArA prArambha meM prAyaH rAjasthAna ko zaurya, sabhyatA evaM jJAna kI dRSTi se eka mahattvahIna pradeza mAnA jAtA rahA. marAThoM kI zakti ke abhyudaya ne rAjapUtoM kI zakti ko kSINa evaM tahasa-nahasa kara diyA thA, isalie rAjapUtoM kI zakti, zaurya evaM prabhAva ke mahattva ko samajha nahIM pAye the. unnIsavIM zatAbdI ke prArambha meM uttarI bhArata ke apane vijaya-prayANa ke daurAna meM jaba ve rAjapUtoM ke samparka meM Aye to unakA eka navIna prakAra kI zakti se samparka huA. TADa ne sahasA kahA : 'rAjasthAna meM koI choTA rAjya bhI aisA nahIM hai, jisameM tharmopolI jaisI raNabhUmi na ho aura zAyada hI koI aisA nagara mile jahA~ siyoniDAsa jaisA vIra puruSa utpanna na huA ho.' videzI aMgreja jAti ke liye yaha bAta eka bar3A rahasyodghATana thI. rAjasthAna ke prAcIna itihAsa kI utkaTa vIratA, tyAga aura balidAna kI bAtoM ko sunakara ve cakAcauMdha-se ho gaye aura Age ve rAjapUta jAti ko apanA mitra evaM hamadarda banAye rakhane kI AkAMkSA rakhane lage. pAMcavIM zatAbdI se lekara 12 vIM zatAbdI kA kAla rAjasthAna ke itihAsa kA bahuta mahattvapUrNa yuga rahA. isI kAla meM bAhya jAtiyA~ hUNa, gUjara Adi balUcistAna aura sindha ke mArga se uttarI aura pazcimI bhArata meM AyIM. aisA mAnA jAtA hai ki unameM se gUjara, sarvaprathama, jaba ki ve dakSiNI paMjAba se khader3e gaye, rAjasthAna meM Aye. yahA~ Ane para ina logoM ne kaI bhAgoM meM ba~Takara dakSiNI rAjasthAna ke mAravAr3a pradeza ke nAgaura va bhinnamAla tathA mevAr3a, ajamera Adi meM apane rAjyoM kI sthApanA kI. gUjaroM ke bAda pratihAra, cAlukya, cauhAna, paramAra, kachavAhA Adi isI prakAra astitva meM Aye. ina jAtiyoM ne isa pradeza meM AbAda hone ke bAda dhIre-dhIre apane kSetroM meM vibhinna prakAra kI kalAoM evaM sAhitya Adi kA vikAsa kiyA, isa pradeza kA prAcIna itihAsa isa bAta kA sAkSI hai ki yaha pradeza prAcIna kAla meM na rAjasthAna kahalAtA thA, na rAyathAna, na rajavAr3A aura na rAjapUtAnA. 8 vIM se 10 vIM zatAbdI meM to rAjasthAna kA samUcA yA yoM kahA jAya isakA adhikAMza bhAga gUrjaratrA kahalAtA thA, jaisA ki cInI yAtrI hvAnasAMga ke varNana se pratIta hotA hai. vAstava meM rAjasthAna athavA gujarAta nAma se pukAre jAne vAle bhU-kSetra bAda meM bane, isake pUrva ke gUrjaratrA pradeza meM rAjasthAna kA dakSiNI bhAga, mevAr3a, mAravAr3a, vartamAna mAlavA tathA gujarAta kSetra sammilita the. yadyapi rAjapUtAnA athavA rAjasthAna kA nAma prAcIna nahIM hai aura vaha nAma bhArata meM musalamAnoM ke praveza ke bAda meM hI dhIre-dhIre pracalita huA, para yaha spaSTa hai isa pradeza meM taba kaI aisI jAtiyA~ basI huI thIM jo bAda meM rAjapUta kahalAIM, jinameM pratihAra, guhilota, cApotkaTa tathA cAhamANa pramukha thIM. gUrjaratrA kAla meM isa kSetra meM sAhitya evaM kalA kA jo vikAsa huA usakA bhArI aitihAsika mahattva hai. gUrjara pratihAroM dvArA mUrtikalA evaM citrakalA ko pracura mAtrA meM protsAhana diyA gayA thA. mevAr3a ke jagata, DUMgarapura ke amajhArA tathA gujarAta kI zAmalAjI kI pratimAe~ aura harSanAtha sIkara va mAravAr3a ke kaI kSetroM se prApta mUrtiyA~ gupta, pUrva madhyakAla tathA madhyakAla kI sundara kalA kI paricAyikA haiM. isa yuga meM tAr3apatra para citramaya graMthoM kI racanA kI gaI, jinako Upara aura nIce DhaMkane ke lie citrita lakar3I kI 'paTaliyA~' lagAI jAtI thIM. isa prakAra kA vi0 saM0 1216 kA bhadra bAhu svAmI racita sacitra kalpasUtra jo tAr3apatra para 'jaina graMtha bhaNDAra jaisalamera' kI nidhi hai,bhAratavarSa ke pazcimI bhAga kA prAcIna kalAtmaka graMtha hai. isI grathabhaMDAra kI vi0 saM0 1266 kI likhI sacitra kAlakAcArya kathA eka dUsarA tAr3apatra graMtha hai. nemicandasUrikRta vi0 saM0 1265 kA pravacanasAroddhAra vRtti bhI tatkAlIna citrakalA kA eka amUlya graMtha hai. yahI nahIM, rAjasthAna ke Jan E. BUNARENENUNENENOSONEENINENESESESORIS ry.org
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________________ Jain 632 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : tRtIya adhyAya citrita atiprAcIna tAr3apatra ke graMtha rAjasthAna kI bhUmi se bAhara nikala kara TheTha amarIkA pahu~ce haiM. inameM se tAr3apatra para citrita 'saptaga paDikamaNa sutta cunnI' nAmaka grantha bosTana ke saMgrahAlaya kI bhAratIya kalA dIrghikA meM pradarzita hai| aura medapATa (mevAr3a) ke AghATa yA vartamAna AhAr3a meM citrita hai. yaha 1260 I0 kA guhila tejasiMha ke zAsanakAla meM kamalacandra dvArA likhA gayA thA. isI prakAra kI anya kRtiyoM rAsa tathA kumAra svAmI ke saMyukta saMgraha ke graMthoM meM 1447 I0 ke kalpasUtra va kAlakAcArya kathAnaka nAmaka graMtha bhI zAmila haiM. san 1422-23 I0 meM racita mahArANA mokala ke kAla kA 'supAsanAha caritram' nAmaka graMtha mevAr3a meM milA hai. isa bhA~ti zaurya, zakti aura sAhasa ke sAtha rAjasthAnI vidyA, jJAna, sAhitya, citrakalA, sthApatya evaM mUrtikalA Adi kA bhI apanA gauravazAlI pakSa rahA hai. yahI kAraNa hai ki isa pradeza meM aitihAsika smArakoM ke samAna prAcIna pustakAlayoM evaM kalA-saMgrahoM kI saMkhyA bhI bahuta hai, jinameM se koI to itane bar3e rahe haiM, jinakI Takkara ke bhArata meM anyatra bahuta kama dekhe gaye haiM. lagabhaga ATha sau varSoM taka jaina-sampradAya kA prabhAva isa pradeza para rahane ke kAraNa prAcIna evaM madhyayugIna rAjasthAnI sAhitya evaM kalA para usakI chApa spaSTa rUpa se prakaTa hotI hai. usa kAla meM jaina vidvAnoM dvArA sAhityika, kalAtmaka evaM anya viSayoM sambandhI kaI racanAyeM taiyAra kI gaI. isase bhI bar3I sevA jaina-sampradAya ne madhyayugIna barbaratA evaM vidhvaMsa se prAcIna sAhitya kI rakSA karane kI hai. rAjasthAna ke vibhinna ilAkoM meM jaina vidvAnoM dvArA gupta pustakAlayoM kA nirmANa kiyA gayA. marubhUmi meM sthita jaisalamera kA jaina grantha bhaMDAra isa prakAra ke pustakAlayoM meM sabase bar3A rahA hai. ina pustakAlayoM meM rAjasthAna evaM bhArata ke itihAsa para prakAza DAlane vAle hastalikhita grantha to haiM hI, parantu sAhityakAla kA koI aMga nahIM haiM, jisa para mUlyavAn grantha prApta nahIM ho. rAjasthAna meM prApta bAta yaha hai ki mugala kAla meM rAjasthAnI zAsakoM kA deza ke dUrastha pradezoM se deza kI vibhinna bhASAoM ke hastalikhita grantha bhI upalabdha haiM. udAharaNa ke lie mileMge to bIkAnera meM kannar3a ke aura udayapura meM gujarAtI bhASA ke grantha upa vibhinna pustakasaMgrahoM kI eka vizeSa samparka rahane ke kAraNa, ina saMgrahoM meM jayapura meM yadi baMgAlI bhASA ke grantha labdha ho jAyeMge. rAjasthAna ke vibhinna pustakAlayoM meM prApta hone vAlI aitihAsika dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa nidhi ke alAvA isa pradeza meM kucha aisI aura sAhityika sAmagrI rahI hai, jo itihAsa para thor3I-bahuta dRSTi DAlane kI dRSTi se mahatvapUrNa thI, jisake mahatva ko sarvaprathama karnala TADa ne prakaTa kiyA. usameM bhAToM aura cAraNoM kI vaMzAvaliyA~ khyAteM aura rahAniyA~ mukhya haiM. prAcIna pustakoM ke naSTa evaM lupta ho jAne ke kAraNa bhAToM Adi ne madhyakAla meM aisI kaI rAjasthAnI bhASA meM padyamaya khyAteM, bAteM, DiMgalagIta Adi likhe, jinameM unhoMne isa deza para rAjya karane vAle tatkAlIna rAjavaMzoM ke pichale nAma, jo unheM mila sake, darja kiye aura purAne nAmoM meM se jina-jina prasiddha rAjAoM ke nAma sunane meM Ate the, ve likhe. unhoMne apanI pustakoM ko purAnI batalAne ke liye kalpita nAmoM evaM asatya saMvatoM kA upayoga bhI kiyA. unakI ye padyamaya evaM vIrarasapUrNa racanAe~ eka pIr3hI se dUsarI pIr3hI taka Akara atyadhika atizayoktipUrNa ho jAtI thIM. kucha isI prakAra ke padyamaya vaMza - itihAsa granthoM kI racanAe~ kI gaI haiM jo vibhinna zodhakoM dvArA pichale varSo meM prakAza meM lAI gaI. aisI racanAoM meM pRthvIrAja rAso, bIsaladevarAso, hamIrAyaNa, hamIrarAso. ratanarAso, vijayavilAsa, sUryaprakAza, jagatavilAsa, rAjaprakAza, muhaNota naiNasIjI rI khyAta, zikharavaMzotpatti, paramAlarAso, kesarIsiMhasamara, sujAnacarita, chatrANa hamIraharu, himmatabahAdura pradhAvalI sAMbharayuDa, jAjavayuddha buddhivilAsa gulAlacarita bhAvadeva mUrirAsa lAvArAsA, ratanarAsA, jasavaMta udyoga, kAyamarAso, allAkhA~ kI paiThI, paramAravaMza darpaNa, rAja rasanAmRta, chaMdarAu jaitasI, vacanikA rAThor3a ratana siMhajI kI mahesadAsotarI, mahArANA yazaprakAza, rAjavilAsa, udayapura rI khyAta, acaladAsa khIcI rI vAta khyAtavAta saMgraha, jagavilAsa, bhImavilAsa, rANArAso, sajjana prakAza, saMgatarAso Adi pramukha haiM. uparyukta sUcita evaM prakAzita racanAoM ke atirikta bhI dinAnudina isa kSetra meM vavya zoSa evaM aitihAsika 110 Th 1 NONENZINANZINZINZINZINZINZNZINZINZINZINZISZISZISZISZISZ brary.org
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________________ DaoN. devIlAla pAlIvAla : rAjasthAna ke prAcIna itihAsa kI zodha : 633 kRtiyA~ upalabdha hotI hI rahatI haiM. sphuTa padyAtmaka vIrarasamUlaka aneka caritrAtmaka kRtiyA~ aisI haiM jinake racayitA ajJAta haiM. isI prakAra kI katipaya pustakoM ke sambandha meM, jo TADa ne jaisalamera se le jAkara rAyala eziyATika sosAyaTI ko dI thI aura jinameM 5 se 8 zatAbdI pUrva kI kucha jaina pAMDulipiyA~ sammilita thIM; unhoMne batAyA thA ki-'ina pustakoM meM likha gaI kaI bAtoM se, jinakA abhI taka nirIkSaNa nahIM huA hai, prAcIna bhArata ke itihAsa para nayA prakAza par3egA.' rAjasthAna meM madhyakAla meM sAMgA, pratApa evaM durgAdAsa jaise zUravIra yoddhA utpanna hue to kumbhA jaise vIra kintu sAhitya evaM kalA premI zAsaka bhI hue, jinhoMne apane kAla ke sAhitya, zilpa, sthApatya, saMgIta evaM citrakalA ko protsAhita hI nahIM kiyA apitu unapara apanI chApa bhI chor3I. nissaMdeha samaya kI hI vidhvaMsa AMdhI ne usa kAla kI adhikAMza mUlyavAn sAmagrI naSTa kara dI, phira bhI unameM se itihAsa ke upayoga kI dRSTi se yatheSTa avazeSa baca gaye haiM. yahI bAta vibhinna sthAnoM para prApta zilAlekhoM evaM mandiroM Adi meM prApta tAmrapatroM Adi ke sambandha meM kahI jA sakatI hai. karnala TADa ne rAjasthAniyoM ke samakSa isa prakAra kI vastuoM kA aitihAsika mahattva prakaTa kiyA. bAda meM aMgrejI kAla meM rAjasthAna ke rAjAoM meM prAcIna itihAsa para prakAza DAlane vAlI isa prakAra kI purAtattva sambandhI sAmagrI kA saMgraha karane aura apane-apane vaMza kA kramabaddha itihAsa taiyAra karAne kI pravRtti paidA huI, isa dRSTi se unhoMne purAtattva saMgrahAlayoM evaM pustakAlayoM kA nirmANa kiyA. kavirAjA zyAmaladAsa dvArA racita 'vIravinoda, evaM mahAkavi sUrajamala kRta 'vaMzabhAskara' nAmaka aitihAsika grantha usI pravRtti ke pratIka haiM. kintu rAjasthAna ke rAjapUta zAsakoM ke liye purAtattva sambandhI sAmagrI kA saMgraha karane evaM aitihAsika zodha karane kI pravRtti naI nahIM thI. muslima kAla evaM marAThA kAla ke nirantara vidhvaMsa kArya ne rAjapUta rAjyoM para jo duSprabhAva DAlA usakA sarvAdhika zikAra jJAna aura zodha kI pravRtti huI. kAla ne jJAna ke sAdhanoM aura jJAna kI pravRtti donoM para duSprabhAva DAlA thA. itihAsa-prema kI dRSTi se isa pradeza ke madhyakAla ke zAsakoM meM mahArANA kumbhA kA nAma sarvopari AtA hai. mahArANA kumbhA mevAr3a ke yazasvI, vidvAn evaM vidyApremI zAsaka the. unheM sabhI prakAra kI kalAoM evaM vidyAoM ke prati agAdha ruci thI. kumbhA ke samaya unake pUrvajoM kI zuddha nAmAvalI tathA unakA caritra upalabdha nahIM thA, jisase mahArANA ne apane rAjya meM milane vAle aneka prAcIna zilAlekhoM kA saMgraha karavAyA aura unake AdhAra para apanI vaMzAvalI ThIka kI aura yathAsAdhya unakA vRttAnta bhI ekatra kiyA. unhoMne ekaliMga mAhAtmya kA 'rAjavarNana' nAmaka adhyAya aneka prAcIna zilAlekhoM ke AdhAra para svayaM saMgraha kiyA. unhIM ke samaya kI bar3I prazasti kI tIsarI zilA ke Arambha meM janazruti ke AdhAra para unake pUrvajoM kA varNana hai, jisake bAda 'rAjavarNana' prAcIna prazastiyoM ke AdhAra para likhA gayA. zilAvAle 'rAjavarNana' kA adhikAMza bhAga naSTa ho gayA hai, kintu usakI pUrti mahArANA ke 'ekaliMga mAhAtmya' ke 'rAjavarNana' adhyAya se ho jAtI hai| isa bhA~ti mahArANA kumbhA ko rAjapUtAne kA sarvaprathama prAcIna zodhaka mAnA jAnA cAhie. jaisA ki Upara kahA jA cukA hai, rAjapUtAnA ke prAcIna itihAsa kI zodha evaM racanA kI dRSTi se Adhunika kAla meM prathama kramabaddha evaM vyavasthita prayatna aMgreja adhikArI karnala TADa dvArA kiyA gayA. ve 17 varSa kI Ayu meM san 1766 meM bhArata Aye the. padonnati hone ke kAraNa ve kucha hI arse meM marAThA saradAra daulatarAva sindhiyA ke darabAra ke briTiza rAjadUta aura rejiDenTa mi0 grIma marsara ke sAtha rahane vAlI sarakArI senA kI Tukar3I ke adhyakSa niyata hue. usa samaya sindhiyA kA mukAma mevAr3a meM thA. isI kAla se TADa kA kArya zurU hotA hai. prArambha meM unhoMne mukhyataH piMDAriyoM ke damana meM sahAyatA karane kI dRSTi se aMgrejI sarakAra ke liye paimAiza karake rAjapUtAne kA bhaugolika nakazA taiyAra kiyA. rAjapUtAne kA sarvaprathama nakazA banAne kA zreya bhI TADa ko hI milA. san 1818 meM pazcimI rAjapUtAne ke rAjAoM ke sAtha briTiza sarakAra kI sandhi hone ke sAtha karnala TADa udayapura, jodhapura, koTA, bUMdI, sirohI aura jaisalamera rAjyoM ke poliTikala ejaMTa niyukta hue. 1822 meM ve svadeza lauTa gaye. TADa ko vIra jAtiyoM ke itihAsa se bar3A prema thaa| unhoMne rAjapUtoM ke itihAsa kI sAmagrI kA saMgraha karanA prArambha Jain Ede Halibrary.org
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________________ 634 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya kiyA aura udayapura, jodhapura, koTA, bUMdI tathA sirohI rAjyoM meM bhramaNa kara vahA~ ke aneka zilAlekha, dAnapatra, sikkoM Adi kA bar3A saMgraha kara liyA. jahA~ ve na jA sake vahA~ se itihAsa-sambandhita sAmagrI prApta kI. unake sAtha rahanevAle eka briTiza aphasara kaptAna vAdha ne, jo citrakalA meM bar3e nipuNa the, prAcIna maMdiroM, mUrtiyoM Adi ke citra unake liye taiyAra kiye. rAjasthAna ke itihAsa ke sambandha meM vibhinna prakAra kI sAmagrI kI prApti evaM saMgraha meM TADa ko sarvAdhika mArgadarzana evaM preraNA yati jJAnacandra se milI, jo nirantara unake sAtha rahe. yati jJAnacandra ko TADa apanA guru mAnate the aura yati unheM pRthvIrAja rAso Adi bhASAkAvyoM kA artha sunAte evaM zilAlekha Adi par3hate the. karnala TADa rAjapUtAne se saMskRta aura rAjasthAnI bhASA ke aneka graMtha, khyAteM 20 hajAra prAcIna sikke, kaI zilAlekha tathA anya sAmagrI apane sAtha vilAyata le gaye. laMdana pahu~cane ke bAda san 1826 meM jaisI ki Ama kahAvata ho gaI hai, unhoMne 'rAjapUtAne kA kIrti stambha' rUpa graMtha 'enalsa eNDa eMTikviTIja Apha rAjathAna' prakAzita kiyA, jisane yUropa bhara meM bhAratIya sabhyatA kI prAcInatA evaM uccatA, rAjapUtoM kI vIratA zaurya evaM udAratA Adi guNoM ke sambandha meM zoharata phailA dI. unakA dUsaro graMtha 'Traivalsa ina vesTarna iNDiyA' unakI mRtyu ke bAda san 1836 meM prakAzita huA. jisa kAla meM TADa ne rAjapUtAne kI itihAsa sambandhI rUpa-rekhA taiyAra kI, usa kAla meM aMgreja piMDAriyoM ke vinAza evaM marAThoM kI parAjaya meM saMlagna the, jisameM unako prAcIna evaM vIra rAjapUta jAti ke pUrNa sahayoga kI AvazyakatA thI. isake alAvA aMgreja isa bAta ke liye bhI saceSTa the ki dillI ke mugala-takhta para baiThe marAThoM ke kaThaputalI nAmadhArI mugala zAhaMzAha kI bAdazAhata kA paramparAgata rAjanaitika prabhAva bhArata se uTha jAye, usake lie bhI muslima vijetAoM ke khilApha nirantara saMgharSa meM lage rahe. rAjapUtoM kA naitika samarthana jarUrI thA. briTiza sAmrAjya kI isa uddezya evaM prayojana kI pUrti ke prayatna kI eka spaSTa jhalaka hameM TADa ke grantha meM milatI hai. yaha kahanA bhI atizayoktipUrNa na hogA ki briTiza sAmrAjya kI 'phUTa DAlo evaM zAsana karo' kI nIti kA raMga bhI grantha para car3ha gayA hai, jo rAjapUtoM evaM marAThoM, rAjapUtoM evaM mugaloM Adi ke bIca batAye gaye sambandhoM se prakaTa hotA hai. kintu dhyAna rakhane kI bAta yaha hai ki TADa eka sAmrAjyavAdI zakti kA sevaka thA, jisake sAtha usakI jimmedAriyA~ aura kartavya jur3e hue the. isake alAvA unnIsavIM zatAbdI meM briTena meM uTha rahe sAmrAjyavAdI bhAvanAoM ke jvAra kA vaha bhI svAbhAvika zikAra thA. phira bhI vaha una katipaya aMgreja aphasaroM meM thA, jo bhAratIyoM ko heThI nigAha se nahIM dekhate the. usakI manovRtti evaM dhAraNAoM para sarvAdhika prabhAva rAjapUtoM ke samparka meM Ane para par3A aura udayapura kA sisodiyA rAjavaMza to usake lie vizva-itihAsa ke mahAnatama evaM Adarza rAjavaMzoM meM se eka ho gayA. nissaMdeha hI jisa kAla meM, thor3e samaya meM aura sImita sAmagrI ke AdhAra para, mukhyataH khyAnoM ke AdhAra para, TADa ne grantha racanA kI, aneka prakAra kI truTiyA~ rahanA svAbhAvika thA. unhoMne kimbadantiyoM evaM avizvasanIya janazrutiyoM kA bhI atyadhika mAtrA meM samAveza kiyA hai. phira bhI unake graMtha kI eka aura mahattvapUrNa evaM aitihAsika vizeSatA yaha hai ki unhoMne graMtha meM aMgrejoM dvArA rAjapUtoM ke sAtha kI gaI sandhiyoM ke viparIta AcaraNa karane evaM rAjapUta rAjyoM ke Antarika mAmaloM meM manamAnI dakhalaMdAjI ke khilApha bhI AvAja uThAI aura isake dvArA honevAle rAjapUta rAjyoM ke svataMtratA-haraNa ke duSpariNAma kI ora bhI spaSTa saMketa kiyA. sambhavata: unakI isI manovRtti ke kAraNa unheM 1822 meM yakAyaka bhArata chor3akara jAnA par3A thA. TADa ke graMtha 'rAjasthAna ke itihAsa' kA bhAratIya jana-mAnasa para vyApaka prabhAva par3A. yaha sahI hai ki isa graMtha kI kucha bAtoM kA briTiza sAmrAjyavAda ne apane hitoM ke liye durupayoga kiyA, kintu yaha bhI sahI hai ki isa graMtha ne deza ke kaI bhAgoM meM mukhyataH sudUra baMgAla jaise prAnta meM navajIvana kA saMcAra kiyA aura parokSa rUpa se rASTrIya jAgRti meM bar3A yogadAna diyA. isa graMtha ne vizva ke sanmukha bhAratIya sabhyatA kI mahAnatA prakaTa kI aura mukhyata: rAjasthAna kI sthiti, tathA rAjapUtoM ke zaurya kA yahA~ ke sAhitya, kalA evaM lokajIvana ke gauravapUrNa svarUpa kA digdarzana karAyA. TEAM Tal LAMBHARA m ANIA SHITAINMLAFIm HAMIL M Jain Edu TTT MammmmmmtA minueTAMIL mjhreflorary.org
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________________ Jain Edu DaoN0 devIlAla pAlIvAla : rAjasthAna ke prAcIna itihAsa kI zodha : 635 TADa ne apane suprasiddha grantha kI bhUmikA meM likhA thA, 'maiMne ina kI ( bhArata ke itihAsa para prakAza DAlane vAlI sAmagrI kI) jAnakArI yUropIya vidvAnoM ko karAI hai, parantu mujhe AzA hai ki isase anya logoM ko isa dizA meM aura Age bar3hane kI preraNA milegI.' TADa kI AzA niSphala nahIM gaI. 1874 meM prasiddha jarmana vidvAn DA0 bUlhara prAcIna granthoM kI talAza meM bhArata Aye aura jaisalamera bhI gaye. unake sAtha jarmanI ke eka anya bar3e vidvAn haramana yAkobI bhI the, jinhoMne rAjasthAna kI prAcIna dezabhASA apabhraMza ke sAhitya kA sarvaprathama vaijJAnika saMzodhana evaM prakAzana prArambha kiyA thA. ve kadAcit yahA~ eka saptAha se adhika nahIM raha sake. unhoMne likhA hai, 'marudhara pradeza ke isa vikaTa bhAga ke isa vikaTa sthAna meM, jahA~ kharAba pAnI aura nahArU ke roga kIpracu ratA hai, alpakAla ke liye bhI ThaharanA kama kaSTadAyaka nahIM hai.' ataeva ve spaSTa hI isa vizAla bhaNDAra meM bahuta kama kAma kara sake. phira bhI DA0 bUlhara ke isa prArambhika kArya kA yaha mahatva hai ki unhoMne rAjasthAna ke sAhityasaMgraha ko sabase pahale saMsAra ke sanmukha upasthita kiyA. jaisalamera bhaNDAra ko pUrI taraha prakAza meM lAne kA zreya zrI zrIdhara rAmakRSNa bhaNDArakara ko hai jo bambaI sarakAra kI ora se 1605 meM rAjasthAna ke prAcIna hastalikhita pustaka-saMgrahoM kA nirIkSaNa karane bheje gaye the. jaisalamera pahu~cane para zrIbhANDArakara ko jJAta huA ki yahA~ eka nahIM dasa pustaka saMgraha haiM. Apane inakA vivaraNa prastuta kiyA aura hara eka saMgraha kI mahatvapUrNa pustaka kA bhI ullekha kiyA. kucha pustakoM kA sArAMza bhI Apane apanI vivaraNI meM diyA. vahA~ pustakoM kI avasthA bar3I zocanIya thI, zrIbhaNDArakara ne likhA hai ki ' idhara-udhara bikhare tAr3apatroM ke Dhera aura phaTe hue kAgaja patroM ke Dhera ko dekhakara yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki samaya aura asAvadhAnatA donoM ne hI vahA~ vinAza kA kArya Arambha kara rakhA hai. zrI bUlhara ko vahA~ kI saMvat 1960 kI pustaka prAcInatama milI thI, kintu zrI bhaMDAra kara ko usase bhI prAcIna grantha saM0 24 kA milA. unhoMne kucha pustakoM kI nakala bhI karAI. zrIbhaNDArakara ke bAda bar3audA sarakAra kI ora se 1615 meM eka suyogya vidvAn zrI cimanalAla dalAla ne jaisalamera Akara vahA~ ke mukhya bhaNDAra ke prAyaH sabhI tAr3apatrIya granthoM kI sUcI banAI jo bAda meM 'gAyakavAr3a oriyaNTa sirIja' meM prakAzita kI gaI. jaisalamera saMgraha kA niyamita evaM vizeSarUpa se vyavasthita nirIkSaNa karane kA zreya AcArya zrI jinavijayajI muni ko prApta hai. yahA~ Apa 1942 meM 10-12 suyogya lekhakoM ke sAtha lagabhaga pA~ca mahInoM taka rahe. muni zrI jinavijaya jI kI ginatI Aja rAjasthAna ke agragaNya purAtatvavettAoM evaM itihAsajJoM meM hai, aura Apake nirIkSaNa meM rAjasthAna ke prAcIna granthoM kI zodha evaM sampAdana kArya kiyA jA rahA hai. Apako jaisalamera jAne kI preraNA jarmanI meM jarmana vidvAn DA0 harmana yAkobI se huI pratyakSa mulAkAta se prApta huI thI. pA~ca mahInoM meM zrImunijI ne athaka parizrama karake lagabhaga 200 granthoM kI sampUrNa pratilipiyA~ karAIM, jinameM saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza tathA prAcIna dezyabhASA meM grathita nyAya, vyAkaraNa, Agama, kathA, caritra, jyotiSa, vaidyaka, chanda, alaMkAra, kAvya, koSa Adi vividha viSayoM kI racanAyeM antarbhUta haiM. inake pacAsoM phoTopleTa bhI utaravAye gaye haiM. munijI ne vahA~ loMkAgacchIya upAzraya ke jJAna bhaNDAra kA prathama bAra nirIkSaNa kiyA. taba se munijI granthoM ke sampAdana evaM prakAzana kA kArya rAjasthAna purAtatva maMdira evaM vidyAbhavana bambaI se karAte rahe haiM aura kaI mUlyavAn evaM aprApta grantha prakAza meM Aye haiM. prakhyAta jaina vidvAn muni zrIpuNyavijayajI ne bhI jaisalamera ke granthAgAroM ko vyavasthita karane meM dIrghakAla paryanta ghora parizrama kiyA hai| Apane granthoM kI vyavasthita sUciyA~ taiyAra kIM, jIrNazIrNa pratiyoM ke citra utaravAye aura bhaviSya kI surakSA kA sundara Ayojana kiyA / jaisalamera ke alAvA udayapura, bIkAnera, jodhapura, bUMdI, kizanagar3ha, nAgaura, alavara, hanumAnagar3ha, rAjagar3ha Adi vibhinna sthAnoM ke rAjakIya saMgraha bhI aitihAsika evaM sAhitya tathA prAcIna jJAna kI dRSTi se mahatvapUrNa rahe haiM. zrIdhara bhaNDArakara ne inameM se adhikAMza saMgrahAlayoM kA nirIkSaNa kiyA thA. zrIdhara ke choTe bhAI zrI devadatta ne bAda meM rAjasthAnI prAcIna sAhitya kI khoja ke liye udayapura, jodhapura, jayapura, koTA, kizanagar3ha, sirohI Adi rAjyoM ke daure kiye. Apane apane zodhakArya kA vivaraNa sarakArI pustakoM meM prakAzita karAyA. zrIdhara kI sUcI se kaI pustakeM www.jalnelibrary.org
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________________ ++++++++++++++ 636 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya tathA zrI devadatta kI batAI gaI kaI mUttiyA~ Aja yathAsthAna nahIM milatIM, patA nahIM kauna kahA~ le gayA. bhArata ke prakhyAta itihAsakAra sara yadunAtha sarakAra evaM marAThA itihAsakAra DA0 jI0 esa0 sara desAI ne jayapura saMgraha ke saMbaMdha meM mata vyakta karate huye kahA thA-'yadi saMgraha ke kAgajAtoM kI parIkSA kI jAya to aisI mUlyavAn jAnakArI milane kI saMbhAvanA hai jisakI kalpanA bhI nahIM kI jA sakatI. prasannatA kI bAta hai ki rAjyasarakAra ne rAjya kA eka aura purAtatva kA vibhAga alaga se kholA hai jo prArambha meM rAjasthAna ke pramukha itihAsakAra DAkTara mathurAlAla zarmA ke nirdezana meM vikasita huA aura zrI nAthUrAma khaDagAvata ke saMcAlana meM nirantara pragati kara rahA hai. aura yaha AzA kI jA sakatI hai ki vibhinna rAjyoM ke purAne saMgrahAlayoM ke vyavasthita hone para vaha na kevala rAjasthAna balki sampUrNa bhAratavarSa ke itihAsa ke sambandha meM kaI naI bAteM prakaTa karegA aura itihAsa ke rikta sthAnoM kI pUrti karane meM sahAyaka hogA. rAjasthAna ke prAcIna sAhitya kI khoja karane tathA usako vizva ke sanmukha upasthita karane kI dRSTi se eka anya videzI vidvAn ne bhI bhArI sevA kI hai. usa vidvAn ne sevA hI nahIM kI balki usane apanI yuvAvasthA meM hI isa kArya ke hetu apane jIvana kA balidAna bhI kara diyA. vaha vidvAn the iTalo ke DA0 ela0 pI0 taisItaurI. ve apane deza meM rahate huye rAjasthAna ke aura usake sAhitya ke premI ho gaye the. kahA jAtA hai ki unhoMne rAjasthAna meM Akara apanA jIvana bitAnA apanI sAdha banA lI thI. ve san 1914 meM bhArata Aye aura baMgAla eziyATika sosAiTI meM bADika eNDa hisTorikala sarve Apha rAjapUtAnA suparinTenDenTa ke pada para niyukta huye. usI varSa Apane rAjasthAna meM kArya zurU kiyA aura 1918 meM 31 varSa kI Ayu meM bIkAnera meM ApakA dehAvasAna ho gayA. isa kAla meM Apa dvArA kiye gaye zodha kArya kA vivaraNa eziyATika sosAiTI ne prakAzita kiyA hai. jodhapura aura bIkAnera ke DiMgala granthoM kI Apake dvArA taiyAra kI gaI sUciyA~ bhI sosAiTI ne tIna bhAgoM meM prakAzita kI haiM. rAjasthAnI itihAsa evaM sAhitya ke bAre meM bAda ke pustakalekhakoM ne isa sArI sAmagrI kA tathA zilA lekhoM, mudrAoM, mUrtiyoM Adi anya sAmagrI kA jo saMkalana Apane bIkAnera meM kiyA thA, usakA pUrI taraha upayoga kiyA hai. DA0 taisItorI kA jIvana vRttAnta (aprela, 1950 ke aMka meM) chApa kara "rAjasthAna bhAratI" ne sarAhanIya kArya kiyA hai, kyoMki DA0 taisItorI kI rAjasthAnI sAhitya ke prati sevAoM ke bAvajUda ve bahuta kama prakAza meM lAye gaye the. DA0 taisItorI meM eka mahAn mAnavIya guNa thA. ve pazcimI hote hue bhI bhArata ke prati mahAn AdarabhAva rakhate the, jo usa kAla meM eka bar3e naitika sAhasa kI bAta thI. unhoMne svayaM eka patra meM likhA thA, "maiM bhArata meM isIlie AyA hU~ kyoMki mujhe bhArata ke logoM va unakI bhASA aura sAhitya se prema hai....maiM koI aMgreja nahIM hU~ jo una saba cIjoM ko heThI nigAhoM se dekhate haiM jo iMglaiMDa kI yA kama se kama yUropa kI nahIM hai. mere mana meM bhAratavAsiyoM ke prati uccatama Adara aura sarAhanA ke bhAva haiM. "karnala TADa aura taisItorI meM eka aura bar3I samAnatA thI. donoM ko do jaina vidvAnoM se sahAyatA milI thI aura donoM inako apanA guru mAnate the. TADa ke sahAyaka, mArgadarzaka evaM guru the jaina yati jJAnacanda aura taisItorI ke the AcArya vijayadharma sUri. yaha spaSTa hai ki jaina sampradAya ne jo sevA rAjasthAnI sAhitya kI racanA evaM surakSA kI kI hai utanI hI unhoMne bAda ke kAla meM usako vyavasthita DhaMga se vizva ke sanmukha prastuta karAne meM bhI kI hai. yaha bhI saMyoga aura Azcarya kI bAta nahIM hai ki Aja bhI prAcIna sAhitya evaM itihAsa ke saMpAdana, Adi kI dRSTi se sarvAdhika sevAe~ muni jinavijaya, muni kAntisAgara Adi jaina vidvAn kara rahe haiM. rAjapUtAnA ke sAhitya evaM itihAsa ke sambandha meM kiye gaye uparyukta zodha-kArya ke alAvA, kucha anya aMgreja adhikAriyoM ne bhI isa kArya meM apanA yogadAna diyA, jinameM alegjeMDara kiloka pharsa, alegjeMDara kaniMgahama, kArlAila evaM garika Adi mukhya haiM. gujarAta ke itihAsa 'rAsamAlA' nAmaka grantha ke racayitA zrI phArsa ne AbU ke kaI zilAlekhoM kI nakaleM kIM aura delavAr3e ke donoM jaina mandiroM kI kArIgarI kA vRttAnta likhA. bhArata sarakAra ke AkriyAlAjikala DipArTameMTa ke tatkAlIna adhyakSa zrI kaniMgahama ne rAjapUtAnA ke kaI sthAnoM kA daurA kara vahA~ ke zilAlekhoM evaM zilpa Jain PLEASEEry.org
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________________ DaoN. devIlAla pAlIvAla : rAjasthAna ke prAcIna itihAsa kI zodha : 630 Adi para prakAza DAlA. azoka ke kAla kA vairATa (jayapura rAjya) kA lekha, mahArANA kumbhA ke caturasra bar3e sikkoM evaM rAjapUtAne ke kaI purAne sikkoM ko prakAza meM lAne kA zreya Apako hai. zrI kArlAila ne bhI isa pradeza ke kaI zilAlekhoM evaM sikkoM kA patA lagAyA, mukhyataH zivi janapada kI madhyamikA (nagarI mevAr3a) ke sikke aura mevAr3a ke prathama rAjA guhila ke sikke sabase pahile unhIM ko mile the. zrI gairika ne bhI isa pradeza kA vistRta daurA kiyA. ve mukhyataH cittaur3a ke kIrtistambha kI bacI huI do zilAoM tathA rAvala samarasiMha ke samaya ke vi0 saM0 1330 ke cittaur3a ke zilAlekha kA citra sarvaprathama prasiddhi meM lAye. jarmanI ke DA0 bUlhara aura iTalI ke DA0 taisItorI ke alAvA usI kAla meM kucha anya videzI vidvAnoM ne bhI isa pradeza ke aitihAsika zodhakArya meM apanA yogadAna diyA. 'pataMjali ke mahAbhASya' kA sampAdana karane vAle jarmana vidvAn DA. kIlahAna (1840-1608) aMgreja vidvAn pITara piTarsana (1847-1866) DA0 veba jinhoMne 1863 meM "dI karensIja Apha dI hindU sTeTsa Apha rAjapUtAnA" nAmaka pustaka likhI, DA0 phlITa (1847-1917) evaM sesila beMDAla nAmaka vidvAnoM ne bhI rAjapUtAnA ke itihAsa kI kaI bAtoM ko prakAza meM lAne kA kArya kiyaa| anya bhAratIya zodhakartAoM meM zvetAmbara samudAya ke jainAcArya zrI vijayadharma sUri (1868-1922) kA nAma ullekhanIya hai, jo saMskRta aura prAkRta ke prakAMDa paMDita, darzanazAstrI tathA jaina itihAsa ke zodhaka vidvAn the. apanI caturmAsa yAtrAoM ke daurAna meM ve sthAna-sthAna para prApta zilAlekhoM kA saMgraha kiyA karate the. 'devakula pATaka' nAmaka pustikA meM unhoMne udayapura ke delavAr3A nAmaka sthAna tathA prAcIna nAgadA nAmaka sthAna se prApta hue jaina lekhoM kA saMgraha prakAzita kiyA, isake atirikta unake saMgraha kiye hue lagabhaga 500 zilAlekhoM kA eka alaga grantha "prAcIna lekha saMgraha bhAga 1" ke nAma se munirAja zrIvidyAvijayajI ne 1926 meM prakAzita karAyA thA. eka anya vidvAn evaM zodhaka zrI muMzI devIprasAda (1848-1923) ne bhI rAjapUtAne ke aitihAsika zodha ke kArya meM mahattvapUrNa yogadAna diyA. jodhapura rAjya kI sevA meM kAma karate hue unhoMne mugalakAla ke aneka phArasI graMthoM kA hindI meM rUpAntara kiyA aura udayapura, jodhapura, jayapura, bIkAnera Adi ke kaI rAjAoM ke caritra bhI hindI aura urdU meM prakAzita karAye. muMzIjI ne sthAna-sthAna para jAkara zilAlekhoM kI chApeM taiyAra karAI tathA pratihAra rAjA bAuka aura kakkuka ke zilAlekha aura dadhimati mAtA ke mandira ke gupta saMvat 286 (I0 san 608) ke tathA jAlaura Adi ke zilAlekhoM ko pustakAkAra prakAzita kiyA. isI kAla meM kalakatte ke iMDiyana myujiyama ke purAtattva vibhAga ke adhyakSa zrI rAkhAladAsa banarjI (1882-1930) ne, vesTarna sarkala se rAjapUtAne kA sambandha hone se ajamera, udayapura, bIkAnera, bharatapura Adi rAjyoM kA daurA kara aneka sthAnoM tathA vahA~ ke zilAlekhoM Adi kA vivaraNa likhA, jo rAjapUtAne ke itihAsa ke liye upayogI siddha huA. isI bhA~ti baMgAla eziyATika sosAyaTI kI ora se DiMgala bhASA ke granthoM kA anusaMdhAna karane vAle mahAmahopAdhyAya zrI haraprasAda zAstrI (1856-1934) ne apanI riporTa meM DiMgala sAhitya ke alAvA rAjasthAna kI kSatriya, cAraNa evaM motIsara jAtiyoM tathA zokhAvATI ke itihAsa para acchA prakAza DAlA hai. karnala TADa ke bAda rAjapUtAne ke itihAsa kI kramabaddha evaM vyavasthita racanA kI dRSTi se jisa dUsare vyakti ne kArya apane hAthoM meM liyA vaha eka bhAratIya evaM rAjasthAnI thA, dadhavAr3iyA gotra ke cAraNa kavirAjA zyAmaladAsa udayapura ke mahArANA sajjanasiMha ke vizvAsapAtra vyakti the. mahArANA zambhUsiMha ne apanI mRtyu ke pUrva mevAr3a ke itihAsa para eka grantha racanA karAne kA irAdA jAhira kiyA thA aura yojanA bhI banavAI thI, jisako unake vidyApremI uttarAdhikArI mahArANA sajjanasiMha ne pUrA kiyA. unhoMne isa kArya ke liye eka lAkha rupayA svIkRta kara rAjya ke vRhad itihAsa ke prakAzana kA uttaradAyitva kavirAjA zyAmaladAsa ko diyA. isa mahAn kArya ko sampanna karane ke liye udayapura meM aMgrejI, phArasI aura saMskRta jAnane vAle vidvAnoM ko Amantrita kiyA gayA. rAjya evaM rAjya ke bAhara ke aneka zilAlekhoM ko chApeM taiyAra kara ma~gAI gaI tathA bhAToM evaM cAraNoM Adi se bahumUlya sAmagrI ekatrita kI gaI. yaha bRhadgrantha 2700 pRSThoM kA hai aura cAra bhAgoM meM prakAzita kiyA gayA aura usakA nAma "vIravinoda" rakhA gayA. Jain Educatie .org
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________________ 638 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya isa grantha kI eka vizeSatA yaha hai ki usameM karnala TADa kI kaI bAtoM ko spaSTa evaM saMzodhita kiyA gayA hai aura TADa grantha kI samApti ke kAla se Age mahArANA sajjanasiMha ke zAsanakAla arthAt 1884 taka kA mevAr3a kA itihAsa diyA gayA hai. dUsarI vizeSatA yaha hai ki isameM aneka zilAlekhoM, dAnapatroM, sikkoM, rAjakIya patra-vyavahAra, bAdazAhI pharamAna Adi kA bahuta acchA saMgraha huA hai. tIsarI vizeSatA yaha hai ki isameM mevAr3a ke vistRta itihAsa ke sAtha-sAtha rAjapUtAnA tathA bAhara ke anya rAjyoM kA, jinakA kisI na kisI rUpa meM mevAr3a ke sAtha sambandha rahA, saMkSipta itihAsa bhI likhA gayA hai. grantha kI samApti mahArANA phatahasiMha ke kAla meM huI, jinhoMne grantha kA pracalana ucita na mAna kara, chapa jAne ke bAda bhI prakAza meM nahIM Ane diyA. isakA pariNAma yaha huA ki vidvAn isa mahattvapUrNa evaM upayogI grantha kA lAbha bahuta kAla bAda meM uThA sake. isI kAla meM eka anya kAvyamaya aitihAsika graMtha 'vaMzabhAskara' kI racanA kI gaI. isake lekhaka bUMdI ke kavirAjA sUrajamala jo rAjasthAnI sAhitya ke pUrva Adhunika kAla ke sabase bar3e kavi mAne gaye haiM. ye svabhAvasiddha kavi evaM SaT bhASAjJAnI the aura nyAya, vyAkaraNa Adi aneka viSayoM meM pAraMgata the. 'vaMzabhAskara' DiMgala bhASA meM racA gayA kAvya graMtha hai. jisameM lagabhaga savA lAkha pada haiM. 'vIravinoda' kI bhA~ti yaha graMtha bhI bUdI nareza kI sahAyatA se taiyAra kiyA gayA thA. kintu bAda meM kavi ne apanI svatantra prakRti ke kAraNa jaba bUMdI-nareza rAvarAjA rAmasiMha ke guNa-doSoM kA varNana prArambha kiyA to rAvarAjA sahamata nahIM hue. isa para kavi ne grantha ko apUrNa chor3a diyA. cAraNa kavi kA likhA huA hone para bhI 'vaMzabhAskara' paryAptarUpa se prAmANika mAnA jAtA hai. bIsavIM zatAbdI ke prArambhika kAla meM rAjapUtAne ke itihAsa kI zodha, manana evaM racanA kI dRSTi se sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa prayAsa DA0 gaurIzaMkara hIrAcanda ojhA ne kiyA. ojhAjI apane kAla ke utkaTa vidvAn evaM itihAsa ke advitIya jJAtA hue haiM. vidyAdhyayana karane ke bAda unakA sampUrNa jIvana itihAsa kI khoja meM bItA. prArambha meM udayapura meM rahakara Apane 'vIravinoda' jaise mahAn grantha kI racanA ko pUrNa karane meM kavirAjA zyAmaladAsa ko apanI sevAe~ dIM. ve san 1908 meM rAjapUtAnA myUjiyama ajamera ke kyUreTara banAye gaye, jahA~ lagabhaga 30 varSoM taka kAma karate rahe. zrI ojhA ne athaka khoja ke AdhAra para rAjapUta vaMzoM kI vaMzAvaliyoM meM jo zRMkhalAe~ TUTatI thIM, athavA truTiyAM thIM, una sabako pUrA evaM ThIka kiyA. Apane kaI hastalikhita grantha, prAcIna sikke, zilAlekha evaM tAmrapatra Adi ekatra kiye, jinake AdhAra para bAda meM Apane rAjapUtAnA ke rAjyoM kA navIna itihAsa taiyAra kiyA. isa navIna itihAsa meM Apane karnala TADa dvArA kI gaI bhUloM ko sudhArA, atizayoktipUrNa kimbadaMtiyoM evaM gAthAoM ko ThIka kiyA aura isa pradeza ke itihAsa ko navIna DhaMga se vaijJAnika AdhAra para taiyAra kiyA. ojhAjI kA rAjapUtAne kA itihAsa atyadhika prAmANika grantha ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA aura usako isa pradeza ke itihAsa lekhana kI dRSTi se eka mahattvapUrNa ghaTanA mAnA gayA. ojhAjI se lagabhaga 100 varSa pUrva karnala TADa ne rAjapUtAne ke itihAsa ke sambandha meM jo grantha taiyAra kiyA usako 'rAjapUtAne ke itihAsa kA kIrtistambha' pukArA gayA thA. zrI ojhA ke navIna itihAsa ko 'rAjapUtAne ke itihAsa kA dUsarA bhavya 'kIrtistambha' kahA gayA. ojhAjI ne TADa kRta rAjasthAna kA sampAdana kArya bhI prArambha kiyA thA, kintu vaha kArya apUrNa rahA. san 1864 meM Apane 'bhAratIya prAcIna lipimAlA' nAmaka apUrva grantha kI racanA kI jisake kAraNa Apako antarrASTrIya khyAti prApta huI. usa samaya taka saMsAra kI kisI bhI bhASA meM aisA anUThA grantha prakAzita nahIM huA thA. 1918 meM isa graMtha para Apako 'maMgalA prasAda pAritoSika' bheMTa kiyA gayA. 1907 meM Apane solaMkiyoM kA itihAsa likhA, jisa para nAgarI pracAriNI sabhA ne Apako eka padaka dekara sammAnita kiyA. 1628 meM Apane madhyakAlIna bhAratIya saMskRti para prayAga kI hindustAnI akAdamI meM tIna vyAkhyAna diye jo pustakAkAra prakAzita kiye gaye. Apake 70 veM janmadivasa para hindI sAhitya sammelana kI ora se Apako abhinandana grantha bheMTa kiyA gayA jo 'bhAratIya anuzIlana' ke nAma se prakAzita huA. Jain Educa Liainelibrary.org
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________________ DaoN0 devIlAla pAlIvAla : rAjasthAna ke prAcIna itihAsa kI zodha : 636 bhArata ke rASTrIyatA Andolana ke vikAsa ne bhAratIyoM ko apane deza ke itihAsa kI zodha evaM racanA kI dRSTi se bhArI preraNA pradAna kI. rAjasthAna ke itihAsa ke sambandha meM bhI yahI bAta kahI jA sakatI hai, svatantratA prApti ke pUrva ke varSoM aura bAda meM rAjasthAna ke vibhinna rAjyoM ke alaga-alaga evaM unake alaga-alaga kAloM para kaI zodhapUrNa granthoM kI racanA kI gaI hai. haravilAsa zAradA kRta mahArANA kumbhA evaM mahArANA sAMgA grantha, DA0 mathurAlAla zarmA kRta koTA rAjya kA itihAsa, DA0 raghuvIrasiMha kRta pUrva Adhunika rAjasthAna, ratalAma kA prathama rAjya mAlavA meM yugAntara amara grantha, pRthvIsiMha mehatA kRta 'hamArA rAjasthAna' mahAmahopAdhyAya zrIvizvezvaranAtha reu kRta mAravAr3a kA itihAsa, zrIhanumAna zarmA kRta 'jayapura rAjya kA itihAsa zrI jagadIzasiMha gahalota kRta 'mAravAr3arAjya kA itihAsa', rAjapUtAne kA itihAsa bhAga 2, zrIrAmanArAyaNa duggar3a kRta rAjasthAna ratnAkara, rANAsAMgA, pRthvIrAja caritra, paMDita rAmakaraNa AsopA dvArA racita evaM sampAdita vibhinna grantha Adi pramukha haiM. isake atirikta pichale kucha varSoM meM mugala kAla, marAThA kAla evaM Adhunika kAla se sambandhita rAjasthAna ke itihAsa ke katipaya zodha prabandha vibhinna vidvAnoM dvArA taiyAra kiye gaye haiM, jo vibhinna vizvavidyAlayoM dvArA svIkRta haiM. eka lambe arse se rAjasthAna meM rAjasthAna ke prAcIna itihAsa kI zodha kI dRSTi se kaI saMgrahAlaya atyadhika mahattvapUrNa evaM upayogI kArya kara rahe haiM. bhUtapUrva riyAsatoM meM narezoM dvArA sthApita purAtatva saMgrahAlayoM evaM pustakAlayoM ne isa dizA meM bhArI prayAsa kiyA aura Aja bhI unameM se adhikAMza upayogI kArya kara rahe haiM. jinameM vikToriyA myUjiyama evaM sarasvatI bhaMDAra udayapura, zArdUla risarca iMsTITyUTa bIkAnera, alabarTa myUjiyama jayapura, anUpa saMskRta lAibrerI bIkAnera, alavara myUjiyama, jodhapura myUjiyama Adi pramukha haiM. ina sabhI saMgrahAlayoM meM zilAlekhoM, sikkoM, tAmrapatroM, zastrAstroM evaM hastalikhita pustakoM Adi kA saMgraha hai. rAjasthAna kA Arkeyolojikala vibhAga rAjya ke vibhinna bhAgoM meM sarve evaM khudAI kA kArya kara rahA hai aura prAcIna aitihAsika khoja meM nirantara saMlagna hai. isa samaya rAjasthAna meM mukhyataH Ahar3a bIkAnera, bharatapura, vairAT Adi katipaya sthAnoM para khudAI Adi ke kAma ho rahe haiM, jinase prAgaitihAsika kAla tathA bAda ke kAla kI mahattvapUrNa sAmagriyA~ upalabdha huI haiM. ina saMsthAoM ne pichale arsa meM kaI bahumUlya hastalikhita pustakoM kA saMgraha evaM prakAzana kArya kiyA hai. inameM se katipaya saMsthAoM dvArA zodhapatrikAe~ bhI prakAzita kI jAtI haiM, jaise ki rAjasthAna vidyApITha dvArA prakAzita 'zodha patrikA' zArdUla risarca insTITyUTa dvArA prakAzita 'rAjasthAna bhAratI, rAjasthAnI zodha saMsthAna kI 'paramparA', pilAnI kA prakAzana 'maru bhAratI' bisAU kI 'varadA' ye patrikAe~ rAjasthAna meM ho rahe itihAsa ke zodha kArya kA sahI digdarzana karAtI haiM aura preraNA detI haiM. isa samaya rAjasthAna meM prAcIna hastalikhita granthoM kI khoja, zodha evaM prakAzana kI dRSTi se sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa kArya muni jinavijaya ke mArgadarzana meM jodhapura sthita evaM rAjya sarakAra dvArA saMcAlita rAjasthAna prAcya vidyApratiSThAna jodhapura kara rahA hai. eka taraha se yaha pratiSThAna muni jinavijaya kI hI kRti hai aura unake saMkalpa evaM saMyojana ke kAraNa Aja usane eka bRhad rUpa dhAraNa kara liyA hai pichale kAla meM usane vibhinna viSayoM ke kaI hastalikhita granthoM ke prakAzana evaM sampAdana kA kArya kiyA hai. muni jinavijaya saMskRta aura vidvAn haiM. jaina sAdhanoM se upalabdha hone vAle prAcIna itihAsa se unheM sadaiva se bar3A anurAga rahA hai. Apane prAcIna jaina lekhoM kI do pustakeM prakAzita kIM, jinameM se eka meM suprasiddha jaina rAjA khAravela kA lekha hai. dUsarI bRhatkAya pustaka meM gujarAta, kAThiyAvAr3a, rAjapUtAnA Adi se milane vAle 557 lekhoM kA saMgraha hai. isake atirikta Apane zatAdhika itihAsa sambandhI granthoM kA saMpAdana kiyA hai. darjanoM aitihAsika nibandhoM dvArA purAtAtvika jagat kI anukaraNIya sevA kI. prAkRta ke bar3e rAjasthAna kA itihAsa jitanA lambA rahA hai, aitihAsika sAmagrI bhI utanI hI vipula rahI hai. rAjasthAna ke prAcIna itihAsa ke zodha, manana evaM sampAdana kA kArya jitanA vizAla hai, utanA hI parizramapUrNa evaM kaThina bhI hai. Aja bhI isa Jain Edugati Intonal Forte & Personally www.sainlony.org
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________________ 640 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya kSetra ke kaI vidvAn isa jaTila evaM zramasAdhya kArya ke sampAdana meM juTe hue haiM jinameM DA. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla, DA0 dazaratha zarmA, DA0 satyaprakAza, muni zrI kAntisAgara jI, DA0 raghuvIra siMha, DA0 eca0 DI0 sAMkaliyA, DA. mathurAlAla zarmA, DA. gopInAtha zarmA, zrIgopAlanArAyaNa bahurA, DA0 rAmacaraNa rAya, zrI dezarAja jadhInA, zrI agaracanda nAhaTA, DA. motIlAla menAriyA, zrI vidyAdhara zAstrI, zrI mahAvIra siMha gahalota, zrI kanhaiyAlAla sahala, zrI ratnacanda agravAla, zrI paramezvara siMha solaMkI, DA. umAkAnta premAnanda zAha, zrIvijayazaMkara zrIvAstava, DA0 pRthvIsiMha mehatA, zrInArAyaNa siMha bhATI jaise vidvAn evaM parizramI zodhaka rAjasthAna ke itihAsa kI zodha ke punIta kArya meM saMlagna haiM.
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________________ Jain Estions zrIsUryanArAyaNa vyAsa padmavibhUSaNa, jyotiSAcArya, DI0 vi0 kAlidAsa aura vikrama para eka vicAra aneka vidvAnoM kI mAnyatA ke anurUpa bhAsa kA kAla cANakya aura candragupta kA thA. nATya-kalA ke mArgadarzaka hone ke kAraNa bhAsa kI kIrti usa samaya paryApta rahI hogI. vidizA ke zuMgoM ke zAsana ke samaya se hI kaviyoM kI vANI aura nATya-kalA meM paryApta vikAsa tathA bhASA meM saMskAra ho gayA thA. bhAsakAla kI apekSA paryApta vikAsa vidita hotA hai. saMskRta ko taba lokabhASA kA sammAna sulabha ho gayA thA. pANini ke prayoga utane pracalita nahIM ho pAye the. nATyakalA suvikasita, niyamabaddha nahIM ho pAI thI. abhI taka bhAsa ke pUrvavAsiyoM ke nATaka prakAza meM nahIM Aye haiM. parantu bhAsa ke nATaka vividha bhedoM meM prakAza kA viSaya bana cuke the. isase yaha vidita ho sakatA hai ki isa kalA meM vaha kAla kitanA pragatizIla thA. mekaDaoNnalDa, kItha prabhRti paMDitoM kI yaha mAnyatA ki bharata meM grIsa kI nATya kalA kA anusaraNa huA hai kyoMki I0 sa0 pUrva tIsarI zatI meM bhArata kA grIsa se vyavahAra hotA thA. selyUkasa ne apanI lar3akI candragupta ko dI thI. TaoNlamI kA bhI AvAgamana banA rahatA thA tathA eka dUsare ke rAjadUtoM kA vyavahAra jArI thA. AlakjeNDara ke zAsana se bhRgukaccha dvArA narmadA-patha se sthalamArga dvArA ujjaina se sambandha banA huA thA. vidizA meM svayaM vahA~ kA rAjadUta heliyo Dorasa rahatA thA. yahI nahIM, usane bhAgavata-dharma bhI svIkAra kara liyA thA, yaha vidizA kA garuDa-stambha sAkSI de rahA hai. grIka itihAsa se prakaTa hai ki brAhmaNa loga grIsa ke sAhitya meM anurAga bhI rakhate the. kintu bhArata kA nATya graMtha adhika purAtana hai, bhAsa ke nATakoM meM vizeSa rUpa se unakA anukaraNa pratIta hotA hai. sambhava hai bhAsa kI unnati aura kIrti ne kAlidAsa ko spardhA ke liye bAdhya kiyA ho aura isI ke vaza ho kAlidAsa ne apane nATakoM meM kalA kA pUrNa paripAka batalAyA ho. saMbhavataH kAlidAsa ne bhAsa kA isI kAraNa nAmollekha kara nATyajagat meM abhinava praveza mAlavikAgnimitra ke rUpa meM kiyA ho. aneka aMzoM meM rAjA, nAyikA, upanAyikA, vidUSaka ceTI Adi kI jo samatA bhAsa aura kAlidAsa meM milatI hai aura unakA vikAsa jitanI sundaratA se kAlidAsa kRti meM milatA hai, utanA bhAsa meM nahIM. vaise bhI bhAsa - kAlidAsa ke kAla meM samatA ko lakSya meM rakhate hue 100-125 varSa kA hI antara lakSita hotA hai. usane apane sAhityika jIvana kA Arambha bhAsa kI kalA ko vikasita kara tathA agnimitra jaise alpa prasiddha yuvarAja kA Azraya lekara kiyA hogA aura kIrtizAlI bana gayA hogA. diGnAga, pravrajyA, bhikSuNI Adi kA ullekha buddhaprabhAva ko prakaTa karatA hai. zuMga kAla taka yaha prabhAva madhya bhArata meM rahA hai. vAsavadattA ke apaharaNa ke samaya pracchannaveSa meM nirgrantha bhikSuoM kA praveza hone laga gayA thA, anyathA, vikrama kI samunnati se kAlidAsa kI kalA ullekharahita nahIM rahatI. astu, yahA~ hamArA abhiprAya tarkoM aura udAharaNoM se vistAra karanA nahIM hai. kAlidAsa kI taraha hI vikrama bhI vidvajjanoM kI vicAra-vizleSaNa kI paridhi meM paribhramaNa kara rahA hai. vikramAditya ke viSaya meM bhI do vicAradhArAe~ haiM. prathama dhArA vikrama ko 60 san pUrva 57 varSa meM svIkAra karatI hai. aura dUsarI dvitIya candragupta ko hI ekAdhikAra pradAna karatI hai. yaha Aja se nahIM zatAbdiyoM pUrva se hai. pichale vidvAnoM ko isa dvaita kA pUrNa jJAna rahA hai, kintu jo loga smitha ko mIla kA patthara mAnakara apanI prajJA ke prayAsa kI paridhi kendrita kara dete haiM unake jJAna kI parapreritAvasthA para kheda prakaTa karanA bhI nirarthaka hai. ye dvitIya candragupta ko chor3akara apane jJAna kI daur3a ko Age kA zrama hI svIkAra nahIM karate. www.ine.brary.org
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________________ 642 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya Aja se bahuta pUrva 11 vIM zatI meM somadeva ne kathAsaritsAgara kI racanA kI hai. usa samaya somadeva ko do vikrama hone kA pUrNa jJAna thA. yaha graMtha dvitIya vikrama ke pazcAt hI banA hai. usa samaya yadi prathama vikrama kI khyAti na hotI to vaha eka hI kA ullekha kara sakatA thA. use kAlpanika-bhramavistAra kI AvazyakatA kyoM hotI? isa kathAgraMtha ke racanA-kAla meM somadeva yaha spaSTa jAnatA hai ki ujjaina kA vizruta nareza vikrama hai, aura pATaliputra kA anya vikrama bhI hai. ukta kathAgraMtha ke 18 veM lambaka, prathama taraMga meM spaSTa hai (ka) ujjayinyAM sutaH zUro, mahendrAdityabhUpateH / (kha) zrAkramiSyati sadvIpAM pRthivIM, vikrameNa yaH / * mlecchasaMghAn haniSyati / (ga) bhaviSyata evaiSa vikramAdityasaMjJakaH / isa taraha vibhinna sthAnoM para ujjaina ke vikrama kA utkRSTa varNana kiyA hai. Age isI lambaka ke tRtIya taraMga meM vikrama kI vijayayAtrA se vApisa ujjaina pahu~ca jAne para unake senAnI vikramazakti ne una aneka rAjAoM kA, jo svAgatArtha upasthita the, varNana kiyA hai. yaha varNana tatkAlIna sthiti jAnane meM sahAyaka ho sakatA hai: "gauDaH zakti kumAro'yam , karNATo'yaM jayadhvajaH / lATo vijayavarmA'yam kAzmIro'yaM sunandanaH / gopAla: sindhurAjo'yam , bhillo bindhyabalopyavam / nirmukaH pArasIko'yam, napaH praNamati prbho|" ina vividha dezIya narezoM ke praNAma-paricaya ke pazcAt-- samrATa sammAnayAmAsa sAmannAnsainikAnapi / samrATa vikrama ne sAmantoM aura sainikoM kA sammAna kiyA hai. isa prakAra 18 vA lambaka avaMtIpati ke varNana se bharA huA hai. aura ukta graMtha meM cauthI taraMga, evaM saptama lambaka meM svataMtra rUpa se likhA hai ki-'vikramAditya ipyAsIdrAjA pATaliputrake' yAnI pATaliputra meM rAjA vikrama thA. yahAM 'samrAT' zabda kA prayoga nahIM kiyA gayA hai. tathA-'asti pATaliputrAkhyo bhuvo'lakaraNaMpuram, tatra vikramatugAkhyo rAjA' Adi. isa prakAra vikrama ke do hone kI jAnakArI 11vIM zatI ke somadeva ko avazya thI, kSemendra, aura guNADhya bhI yaha jAnate the. ye graMthakAra candragupta dvitIya ke bAda haiM. yadi eka mAtra candragupta dvitIya hI vikrama hotA to inheM ujjaina ke aura pATilaputra ke do vikramoM kI carcA karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI. ye Aja se saikar3oM sAla pahile utpanna graMthakAra haiM. smitha kI bhrAnti inheM sparza nahIM kara sakatI hai. aura inake ullekha ko mahaja kathA kahakara TAlA nahIM jA sakatA. aisI sthiti meM smitha, hArnela, kItha Adi AdhunikoM kI bhrAnta dhAraNAoM kA koI mUlya nahIM rahatA. vikramAditya ko kevala videzI vidvAnoM kI kasauTI para nahIM lagAyA jA sakatA, usake tathyAnveSaNa ke liye prAcIna sAhitya kA anuzIlana Avazyaka hai. saMskRti ke kathAgraMthoM, kAvyavarNanoM kI taraha hI jaina-sAhitya ke aneka graMthoM meM, jinakI saMkhyA 50 se adhika hai, svataMtra ujjayinIpati vikrama kI vibhinna carcAe~ AI haiM. kAlaka-kathA Adi ko kevala kathA-graMtha kahakara hama upekSita nahIM kara sakate. ina sabhI para tathyAnveSaka dRSTi se vicAra kiyA jAnA jarUrI hai. ye apanA mahattva rakhate haiM tathA itihAsa aura tathya para AdhArita haiM. Jain Education Interational
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________________ muni zrInagarAjajI aNuvrataparAmarzaka mahAvIra aura buddha-janma va pravrajyAyeM bhagavAn mahAvIra kI maulika jIvana-gAthA AcArAGga sUtra aura kalpa-sUtra, ina do AgamoM meM milatI hai. TIkA, cUNi, niyukti aura kAvya graMthoM meM vaha pallavita hotI rahI hai. bhagavAn buddha kA prArambhika jIvana-vRtta mukhyataH "jAtakanidAnakathA" meM milatA hai. vaise to samagra Agama va tripiTaka hI donoM kI jIvana-gAthA ke pUraka haiM, para 'jIvanacarita kI zailI meM unakI yatkiJcit jIvana-gAthA ukta sthaloM meM hI upalabdha hai. donoM yuga-puruSoM ke janma va dIkSA ke varNana paraspara samAna bhI haiM aura asamAna bhI. ve samAnatAe~ jaina aura bauddha saMskRtiyoM ke vyavadhAna ko samajhane meM bahuta mahatvapUrNa haiM. isake atirikta una varNanoM se tatkAlIna loka-dhAraNAoM, sAmAjika-prathAoM aura dhArmika paramparAoM para bhI paryApta prakAza par3atA hai. yahA~ AcArAMga evaM kalpasUtra tathA jAtakanidAnakathA ke AdhAra se hI donoM dharmanAyakoM kA janma se pravrajyA taka kA eka gaveSaNAtmaka avalokana prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai. mahAvIra aura buddha-donoM hI apane prAgbhava ke antima bhAga meM apane agrima janma ko soca lete haiM. donoM ke socane meM jo antara hai, vaha yaha ki-mahAvIra socate haiM 'merA janma kahA~ hone vAlA hai' aura buddha socate haiM-mujhe kahA~ janma lenA cAhiye.' mahAvIra kA jambUdvIpa eka lAkha yojana kA hai aura buddha kA jambUdvIpa dasa hajAra yojana kA. mahAvIra jambU-dvIpa ke dakSiNa bhArata meM uttara-kSatriyakuDapura meM janma lete haiM, buddha jambU-dvIpa ke 'madhya deza' meM kapilavastu nagara meM janma lete haiM. donoM hI bhUbhAga bahuta nikaTa ke haiM kevala abhidhAe~ bhinna-bhinna haiM. mahAvIra brAhmaNakula meM devAnandA ke garbha meM janmate haiM. indra socatA hai--arihanta kSatriya kula ko chor3a brAhmaNa, vaizya, zUdra ina kuloM se na kabhI utpanna huye, na hoMge. zreyaskara hai mujhe devAnandA kA garbha haraNa kara, bhagavAn ko trizalA kSatriyANI ke udara meM sthApita karanA. indra kI AjJA se hariNagameSI deva vaisA kara dete haiM. buddha svayaM socate haiM-buddha, brAhmaNa aura kSatriya kula meM hI janma lete haiM, vaizya aura zUdra kula meM nahIM. ataH mujhe kSatriya kula meM hI janma lenA hai. yahA~ indra ne kevala kSatriya kula meM hI tIrthaMkara kA utpanna honA mAnA hai aura buddha ne kSatriya aura brAhmaNa ina do kuloM meM buddha kA utpanna honA mAnA hai. . garbhAdhAna ke samaya mahAvIra kI mAtA siMha, gaja, vRSabha Adi caudaha svapna dekhatI haiM, buddha kI mAtA kevala eka svapna dekhatI haiM-hAthI kA. svapnapAThaka prAta: mahAvIra ke liye cakravartI yA jina hone kA aura buddha ke liye cakravartI yA buddha hone kA phalAdeza karate haiM. 40 SISNL AIRJARA DEN JainEducatalRIL PERMANESAMRALASISATEVTAL L GULATIONALYADHE tinenierrohanlyHunt: PRATIMAHITITIONARImaReathmmmonly. n a hati.hum. .HMAN Indrary.org
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________________ 644 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-prantha : tRtIya adhyAya janmaprasaMga para devoM kA saMsarga donoM hI yugapuruSoM ke batAyA gayA hai. AcArAMga aura kalpasUtra kA varNana adhika vistRta aura adhika atizayapradhAna hai apekSAkRta jAtaka-arthakathA ke. zuddhodana sadyaHjAta zizu buddha ko 'kAla-devala' tapasvI ke caraNoM meM rakhanA cAhatA hai para isake pUrva buddha ke caraNa tapasvI kI jaTAoM meM laga jAte haiM isaliye ki buddha janma se hI kisI ko praNAma nahIM kiyA karate. mahAvIra kI jIvanacaryA meM aisI koI ghaTanA nahIM ghaTatI hai para niyama tIrthaMkaroM kA bhI yahI hai ki ve kisI puruSavizeSa ko praNAma nahIM karate. mahAvIra ke aMkadhAya, majjanadhAya Adi pA~ca dhAe~ aura buddha kA nirdoSa dhAe~ lAlana-pAlana karatI haiM. jAtaka-artha-kathA ne prasaMgopAtta bIjAropaNa-samAroha kA preraka citraNa kiyA hai. vRkSAropaNa samAroha (vanamahotsava) abhIabhI bhAratavarSa meM calA hai. pradhAnamaMtrI, rASTrapati yA anya bar3e loga eka bAra pAnI sIMcakara vRkSAropaNa karate haiM. usa citraNa ke anusAra bIja-ropaNa samAroha meM eka sahasra halavAhakoM ke sAtha rAjA, maMtrI Adi apane hAthoM se hala jotate haiM. mahAvIra bhogasamartha hokara aura buddha 16 varSa ke hokara dAmpatya-jIvana prArambha karate haiM. jAtakaarthakathAyeM, zIta, grISma, varSA ina tInoM RtuoM ke pRthak-pRthak tIna prAsAda batalAtI haiM. AcArAMga va kalpasUtra pRthak pRthak RtuoM ke pRthakpRthak prAsAda kahakara vaibhavazIlatA vyakta karate haiM. anyAnya prakaraNoM se bhI patA calatA hai ki zrImanta loga pRthak-pRthak RtuoM ke liye pRthak-pRthak bhavana banAte haiM aura Rtu ke anusAra unameM nivAsa karate haiM. buddha ke manoraMjana ke liye 44 sahasra nartikAoM kI niyukti kA varNana hai. zAlA Adi meM jAkara zilpa vyAkaraNa Adi kA adhyayana na mahAvIra karate haiM aura na buddha. mahAvIra eka dina ke liye zAlA meM jAte haiM aura indra ke vyAkaraNa sambandhI praznoM kA uttara dekara apanI jJAnagarimA kA paricaya dete haiM. buddha eka dina zilpavizAradoM ke bIca apanI zilpa-dakSatA kA paricaya dete haiM. pratibodha ke samaya para mahAvIra ko lokAntika deva Akara pratibuddha karate haiM, buddha ko deva Akara vRddha, rogI va mRta ke pUrva zakunoM se pratibuddha karate haiM. dIkSA se pUrva mahAvIra varSIdAna karate haiM, buddha ke liye aisA ullekha nahIM hai. nagara-pratolI ke bAhara hote hI 'mAra' buddha se kahatA hai-"Aja se sAtaveM dina tumhAre liye 'cakraratna' utpanna hogA, ata: ghara chor3akara mata nikalo." cakravartI hone vAloM ke liye 'cakraratna' kI parikalpanA jaina paramparA meM bhI mAnya hai. mahAvIra kA dIkSA-samAroha indra Adi deva va siddhArtha Adi manuSya Ayojita prakAra se manAte haiM. ve bhagavAn ko alaMkRta karate haiM, zivikArUDha karate haiM, julUsa nikAlate haiM, yAvat dIkSA-grahaNa-vidhi sampanna karAte haiM. jisa rAta ko buddha kA mahAbhiniSkramaNa hotA hai, usI dina indra ke Adeza se buddha ke snAnottara kAla meM deva Ate haiM aura anya upasthitoM se adRSTa rahakara hI buddha kI veza-sajjA karate haiM. donoM prakaraNoM ko eka sAtha dekhane se lagatA hai ki AgamoM kI dIkSA-zailI kA anusaraNa 'jAtaka-artha-kathA' meM huA hai. buddha ke ghaTanAtmaka dIkSA-prakaraNa meM deva-saMsarga ko yathAzakya hI jor3A jA sakatA thA, para yaha kamI bhI bauddha kathAkAra ne taba pUrI kI jaba buddha rAtri ke nIrava vAtAvaraNa meM apane azva ko bar3hAye hI cale jA rahe the. vahA~ sATha-sATha hajAra devatA cAroM ora hAthoM meM mazAla liye calate haiM. mahAvIra ne dIkSA-grahaNa ke samaya paJcamuSTika loca kiyA, buddha ne apanA keza-jUTa talavAra se kATA. mahAvIra ke kezoM ko indra ne grahaNa kara kSIra-samudra meM visarjita kiyA. buddha ne apane kaTe keza-jUTa ko AkAza meM pheMkA. yojana bhara U~cAI para vaha adhara meM TikA, indra ne use vahA~ se ratnamaya karaNDa meM grahaNa kara trAyastriza loka meM cUr3AmaNi-caitya kA svarUpa diyA. dIkSita hone ke pazcAt mukha va mastaka ke keza na mahAvIra ke bar3hate haiM, na buddha ke. donoM hI paramparAoM ne ise atizaya mAnA hai. JainEaction Anary.org
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________________ muni nagarAja : mahAvIra aura buddha-janma va pravrajyAyeM: 645 jisa azva para buddha savAra hokara ghara se nikalate haiM, usakA nAma kanthaka thA, vaha gardana se lekara pU~cha taka aTThAraha hAtha lambA thA. eka sahasra koTi hAthiyoM jitanA bala buddha meM batalAyA gayA hai. jaina paramparAoM ke anusAra cAlIsa lAkha aSTApada kA bala eka cakravartI meM hotA hai aura tIrthaMkara to ananta balI hote haiM. mahAvIra ne janmajAta dazA meM hI meru ko aMgUThe mAtra se hI prakaMpita kara indrAdi devoM ko saMdehamukta kiyA. buddha ke jIvana-carita meM aisI koI ghaTanA nahIM milatI, para yogabala se yadA-kadA ve nAnA cAmatkArika sthitiyA~ sampanna karate haiM. mahAvIra aura buddha ke janma aura pravrajyA prakaraNoM kA yaha eka avalokana mAtra hai. itane mAtra se unake pUrNa adhyayana kI apekSA pUrI nahIM ho jAtI. kahanA cAhie, ve prakaraNa zodha-sAmagrI ke anUThe bhaMDAra haiM. gaveSaka apanI jijJAsA ke anukUla bahuta kucha pA sakatA hai.
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________________ badrIprasAda paMcolI ema0 e0 (hindI, saMskRta) sAhityaratna mahAvIra dvArA pracArita AdhyAtmika gaNarAjya aura usakI paramparA svataMtratA, samatA aura bhrAtRtva para AdhArita gaNataMtra ko Adhunika saMsAra ne sabase adhika vikasita tathA janakalyANakArI vyavasthA ghoSita kiyA hai. isa prakAra kI vyavasthA kA parIkSaNa prAcIna bhArata meM ho cukA hai. varddhamAna mahAvIra aura bhagavAn buddha ke samaya bhArata meM aneka gaNarAjya the. jinake viSaya meM jaina aura bauddha sAhitya se paryApta sUcanA milatI hai. avadAnazataka meM gaNAdhIna va rAjAdhInarAjyoM kA ullekha milatA hai.1 aAcArAMgasUtra meM bhI rAjArahita gaNazAsita rAjyoM kA ullekha milatA hai.2 isI kAla kI anya racanA pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI bhI gaNazAsana ke viSaya meM mahattvapUrNa sUcanA detI hai. mahAbhArata meM gaNarAjyoM ko naSTa karane vAle pArasparika phUTa Adi doSoM kA bar3e vistAra se varNana milatA hai. sAre bhAratIya sAhitya meM prApta isI taraha ke ullekhoM kA adhyayana karane se gaNarAjyoM kI eka sudRr3ha va vikasita paramparA kA patA calatA hai jisako mahAvIra svAmI va mahAtmA buddha kI mahattvapUrNa dena hai. AryajAti ke prAcInatama vaidika granthoM se gaNajIvana ke vikAsa ke viSaya meM mahattvapUrNa sUcanA milatI hai. Rgveda meM gaNa, gaNapati Adi hI nahIM, janarAjJa zabda bhI prayukta huA hai. sAMmanasya sUkta meM svataMtra sahajIvana ke vikAsa kI ora saMketa kiyA gayA hai jise vizvavyavasthA kA AdhAra banAyA jA sakatA hai. svarAjya sUkta se prajAtAMtrika vyavasthA ke viSaya meM vyApaka jAnakArI prApta kI jA sakatI hai. isa sUkta ke RSi rAhugaNa gotama haiM. RSivAcI zabda sadaiva hI vaidikamaMtroM ke arthajJAna kI kuMjI hotA hai. rAhugaNa gotama nAma bhI isI taraha isa sUkta ke artha para prakAza DAlatA hai. raha (tyAga karanA) dhAtu se 'rahu' zabda niSpanna hai jisakA artha hai tyAgI, dAnI. AtmatyAgiyoM meM zreSTha gine jAne vAle vyaktiyoM kA gaNa yA samUha (rAhugaNa) hI svarAjya kA nirmANa kara sakatA hai. yahI nahIM, svarAjya ke nirmAtA gautamavedajJoM meM zreSTha bhI hote haiM. yajurveda meM na kevala rASTra ke jAgarUka va Adarza nAgarika banane kI bhAvanA ke hI darzana hote haiM, varan prajAtaMtra ko zatrunAzaka bhI kahA gayA hai 1. keciddezA gaNAdhInAH kecidrAjAdhInAH-avadAnazataka 2 / 103. 2. AcArAMga sUtra 113 / 160. 3. mahAbhArata-zAnti parva- rAjadharmaprakaraNa. 4. Rgveda 1187/4,313518, 561113, 7/5811, 2.2311 Adi. 5. Rgveda 2 / 23 / 1,10111216. 6. Rgveda 115316. 7. Rgveda 1061. 8. Rgveda 180. 6. vayaM rASTra jAgRyAmaH purohitAH- yajurveda 6 / 23. KAN 164 Jain Edu ACKLOAT a 945 rd ate&GAVAT Peace Pronielibrary.org
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________________ badrIprasAda paMcolI : mahAvIra dvArA pracArita AdhyAtmika gaNarAjya aura usakI paramparA : 647 svarADasi sapatnahA satrarADasi abhimAtihA janarADasi rakSohA sarvarADasi amitrahA.' atharvaveda meM zAsaka ke varaNa va abhiSeka samaya kI maryAdAoM kA ullekha milatA hai. brahmagavI va brahmajAyA ke nAma se rAjya kI AdhyAtmika zaktiyoM kA ullekha bhI kiyA gayA hai, jinheM prajA kI sAmUhika bhAvanAyeM rAjya meM nikSipta karatI haiM. pRthivIsUkta meM satya, Rta, dIkSA, tapa, brahma, yaja aura bRhat rASTra ke AdhArabhUta tattva kahA gayA hai. vaidika rAjyavyavasthA kA varNana karanA yahA~ abhISTa nahIM hai, kevala itanA svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai ki gaNavyavasthA kA Adarza bhI bhAratIyoM ko vedoM se milA hai. Rgveda meM do prakAra ke gaNoM kA varNana milatA hai. jinameM eka hai RbhuoM kA gaNa aura dUsarA marutoM kA gaNa. prathama sArasvatagaNa (Educational Republics) hai aura dUsarA sainika gaNa. marut devatAoM meM vaizyavarNa ke kahe gaye haiM ata : inakA gaNa sainika gaNa hote hue bhI kRSi va gopAlana kI samRddhi para nirbhara kahA jA sakatA hai. ye donoM prakAra ke devagaNa bhAratIya gaNarAjyoM ke preraNAsrota kahe jA sakate haiM. RbhugaNa sundhavA ke putra Rbhu, vibhu aura vAja kA hai. inakA vistRta vivecana svataMtra nibandha kA viSaya hai. isa viSaya meM jJAtavya saMkSepa meM isa prakAra haiM-'Rbhu pahale manuSya the bAda ko Rta kA Azraya lekara unhoMne devatva prApta kiyA. Rta kI sAdhanA RbhugaNa kA Adarza hai." devatva sadA se manuSyoM kA lakSya rahA hai. RbhuoM ne RtasAdhanA dvArA devatva prApta kiyA thA. Rta kI sAdhanA ke liye paita-bhAvanA Avazyaka hai. sAdhaka, siddha va sAdhya kA zrata prAcIna graMthoM meM aneka prakAra se ullikhita hai. RbhutrayI meM vAja hai sAdhaka, vibhu siddha aura Rbhutva sAdhya. zikSaNavyavasthA meM vAja kA sambandha vidyArthI se hai. vidyArjana vAjapeya (vAja ko peya banAnA yA pInA) yajJa tathA vidyAprApta snAtaka ko vAjapeyI kahA jAtA hai. vibhu guru hai aura Rbhutva prApta karane vAlA Rbhu kahA jAtA hai. vidyArjana kI prakriyA ko nema (adhUre jJAna vAlA) kA bhArgava (tejasvI, jJAnasampanna) ho jAnA bhI kahA jA sakatA hai. isa viSaya meM nemabhArgavaRSidRSTa Rgveda kA sUkta vicAraNIya hai. sAmUhika dRSTi se vAja, vibhu aura Rbhu kA eka gaNa banatA hai. RbhugaNa dvArA sarvadughA go kA nirmANa, eka camasa ke cAra camasa kara denA Adi bAtoM ko yahA~ aprAsaMgika samajha kara chor3a diyA jAtA hai. RbhuvoM ke gaNa ke Adarza para Rta kI sAdhanA ke kendra zikSA-AzramoM kA vikAsa huA thA jinheM sArasvatagaNarAjya' kahA jA sakatA hai. sikandara ke samaya kaThoM kA gaNa vArtAkRSi-upajIvI saMgha thA. yuddhakAla meM sikandara kA sAmanA karane ke liye yaha AyudhajIvIsaMgha bana gayA thA / isakA prArambha sArasvata gaNa ke rUpa meM huA thA jisameM yajurveda kI kAThakasaMhitA kA pravacana hotA thA. kAThakasaMhitA va kaThopaniSad isa gaNa kI cintanaparamparA ke avazeSa haiM. naimiSAraNya ke RSigaNa kI smRti dhArmika kathAoM meM banI huI hai. bAdarAyaNa vyAsa ke vizAla purANa-sAhitya ko surakSita banAye rakhane kA zreya isI gaNa ko haiM, jisake 88hajAra RSi AraNyakajIvana bitAte hue sAhitya va dharma kI carcA meM samaya bitAyA karate the. prApya prAcIna 1. yajurveda 5/24. 2. atharvaveda 518. 3. atharvaveda 5117. 4. atharvaveda 12 / 11. 5. Rgveda 413521. 6. Rgveda 316013, 326011, 41358, 4/3313, 4353, za11014. 7. Rtena bhAnti iti RbhavaH-yAska, nirukta 11 / 2 / 3, Rgveda 4/34/2. 8. Rgveda 8/100 hai. Rgveda 413318,434/8, 4136/4. 10. Rgveda 41352,5,4/36/4. 11. sArasvata gaNarAjyoM ke liye draSTavya lekhaka kA 'prAcIna bhArata ke sArasvata gaNataMtra' nAmaka nibandha 'tripathagA varSa 7 aMka 11. JainEdelione rearersmaro www.jainellorary.org
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________________ 648 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya bhAratIya sAhitya kA rakSaNa bhI aise hI gaNoM meM huA hai. dakSiNa meM 'saMghamu' paramparA dvArA tamila sAhitya kI abhivRddhi huI hai. ye bhI sArasvatagaNa hI kahe jA sakate haiM. rAjya ke Avazyaka aMga prabhusattA, saMbhUyabhAvanA (Civic Sense) aura taMtra (vyavasthA) ke darzana ina zaikSaNika saMsthAoM meM hote haiM. isIlie inheM gaNarAjya kahanA upayukta hai. takSazilA, nAlandA Adi prasiddha vidyA-kendra bhI gaNatAMtrika Adarza para saMghaTita hue the. bhArata ke pazcimI dvAra kI argalA khola kara AkrAntA sikandara kA svAgata karane vAlA AmbhIka takSazilA ke vidrohI AcArya cANakya yA candraguptAdi chAtroM ko, jo pratyakSa rUpa meM gAndhAranareza kI nIti kA virodha kara rahe the, pakar3a nahIM sakatA thA. duSyanta vaikhAnasoM se yaha sUcanA milane para--'AzramamRgo'yaM rAjan ! na hantavyo na hantavyaH', AkheTa se uparata hokara Azrama kI prabhusattA ke sammAna meM ratha se utara gayA thA. rAjyoM meM rAjA svayaM vidvatsabhAoM kI yojanA karate the jinheM prabhusattA ke abhAva ke kAraNa svAyattasaMsthA hI kahA jA sakatA hai, gaNarAjya nahIM. Rgveda meM marutoM ke devagaNa kA vistAra se ullekha milatA hai. marutoM kI saMkhyA 46 hai. yajurveda meM inake nAma bhI milate haiM ye saba eka hI pitA rudra ke putra haiM gAe~ inakI prabhUta samRddhi kI dyotaka haiM. ataH inako 'pRznimAtaraH' yA gomAtaraH vizeSaNa bhI diye gae haiM. ye saba bhAI haiM, na inameM koI jyeSTha hai na kaniSTha.5 ye saba samAna vicAra vAle haiM aura eka hI taraha se inakA poSaNa huA hai. inakI paitRkaparamparA [yoni] va nIDa bhI samAna haiM.8 ve uttama patniyoM vAle (bhadrajAnayaH) haiM, pratibhAzAlI haiM svayaMdIpta haiM, rathoM para calate haiM. aparimita zakti se sampanna haiM11aura baccoM kI taraha krIDAlu12 haiM, marutoM kA eka anya vizeSaNa sindhumAtara:13 hai. marutoM kA kArya vahI hai jo devarAja indra, agraNI agni yA samrAT varuNa kA hai. marutoM ke kArya indriya [indra ke] 14 va indra ke kArya marutoM ke [marutvatI]15 kahe gae haiM. marut divyagAyaka haiM16 apane gAna dvArA hI ve parvatoM kA bhedana karate haiM aura indra kI zatruvijaya kI sAmarthya bar3hA dete haiM.18 purANoM se patA calatA hai ki indra aura marut eka dUsare ke virodhI bhI rahe haiM. Rgveda ke eka maMtra se isa vaimanasya kI sUcanA milatI hai. taittirIya brAhmaNa ke anusAra marutoM 1. yajurveda 17/80-85. 2. Rgveda 8/2012, 5/57/1, 5152 / 16, 5/6015. 3. Rgveda 5/57/ 2, 3159/6, 185/2, 1123110,867, 8/7/3,6/3415. 4. Rgveda 1853, 5. Rgveda 5/56/6, 5/6015. 6. Rgveda 8/2011. 7. Rgveda 7/5811. 8. Rgveda 111651, 7/56 / 1. 6. Rgveda 5/6114. 10. Rgveda 1881,515711, 11. Rgveda 5/582, 1167/6. 12. Rgveda 11166/2, 7/56 / 16. 13. Rgveda 107816. 14. Rgveda 1185/2. 15. Rgveda 1804. 16. Rgveda 5/608, 7/35/6, 5/57/5. 17. Rgveda 1185/10. 18. Rgveda 513016, 185/2, 5/262, 11265 / 11, 1100110. 16. Rgveda 11170/2. Jain Edu Terary.org
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________________ badrIprasAda paMcolI : mahAvIra dvArA pracArita AdhyAtmika gaNarAjya aura usakI paramparA : 646 ne indra kA sAtha chor3a diyA thA, parantu indra ko Rgveda meM pradhAna mAnA gayA hai.2 vaha sammAnanIya hai aura marudgaNa usake putra ke samAna haiM. marutoM ke devagaNa ke saMkSipta varNana se nimna niSkarSa nikAle jA sakate haiM : (1) samAna kula-paramparA, paitRka saMbaMdha Adi ke dvArA gaNa meM ekatA banI raha sakatI hai. (2) sabako eka sUtra meM bAMdhane vAlI vastu dhana-samRddhi hai. dravyAdi kA samAna vitaraNa, pazudhana ke prati pUjyabhAva ekatA ke anya kAraNa haiM. (3) mAtRbhUmi kA prema ekatA ko janma detA hai. maruta eka hI sindhu-siMcita bhUmi kI santAna (sindhumAtaraH) kahe (4) gaNapramukhoM tathA gaNasadasyoM meM koI bar3A-choTA nahIM hotA, unameM vicAra vaibhinya nahIM hotA, sabako santati ke vikAsa ke samAna sAdhana upalabdha hote haiM. (5) gaNasadasyoM kI patniyA~ uttama va sahakarmiNI hotI haiM. krIr3A, utsava Adi kI samyak vyavasthA bhI ekatA kA kAraNa hai. (6) rAjA ke hote hue bhI gaNoM kI sattA raha sakatI hai. ve apanI zakti va ekatA ke svara se rAjA kI sAmarthya ko zataguNita kara diyA karate haiM. mahAmAtya cANakya ne saMghalAbha ko rAjA ke liye sarvottama lAbha mAnA hai.5 / / (7) gaNoM se samrATa kA vaimanasya bhI ho sakatA hai, parantu gaNa rAjA ke putra ke samAna haiM. rAjA ko unheM naSTa karane kA prayatna nahIM karanA cAhie. bhArata meM gaNoM kA vikAsa inhIM mAnyatAoM ko lekara huA thA. mahAbhAratayuddha ke pahale taka bhArata meM gaNarAjya va rAjataMtra sAtha-sAtha panapa rahe the. ugrasena ke rAjya meM andhaka va vRSNi gaNa rAjya apanA svataMtra astitva rakhate the. bhArata meM dharma ko sarvopari mAnA gayA hai jisake prati rAjA va gaNa donoM hI uttaradAyI haiM. isa prakAra yahA~ na rAjA hI niraMkuza the aura na gaNataMtra hI. rAjA dharma aura prajA ke prati isa sImA taka uttaradAyI thA ki use sabase adhika parAdhIna vyakti kahA jA sakatA hai. isI taraha gaNataMtra itane svataMtra the ki vaha svataMtratA hI bandhana bana kara unheM saMyata banA diyA karatI thI. mahAbhArata yuddha ke bAda bhArata meM jisa yuga kA prAraMbha huA, usameM saMghazakti kI pradhAnatA (saMghe zaktiH kalau yuge) svIkAra kI gaI hai. saca to yaha hai ki bhArata kA kaliyuga kA 5 hajAra varSoM kA itihAsa saMghazakti ke utthAna, patana va punarutthAna kA itihAsa kahA jA sakatA hai. prabala va samartha rAjyoM ke vikAsa ke bAda gaNajIvana kI ora abhiruci kA eka kAraNa mahAbhArata ke bhISaNa yuddha meM bhArata ke pratiSThita rAjaparivAroM kA naSTa ho jAnA bhI hai. isake pahale bhI rAjataMtra ke sAtha panapane vAle gaNataMtroM ke pAsa rAjya ke pAribhASika sabhI adhikAra the, parantu mahAbhArata ke bAda ye gaNasaMsthAe~ rAjya ke sthAnApanna hokara vikasita huI aura unakI suvyavasthA va sAmarthya kA pramANa isa bAta se milatA hai ki mahAbhAratapUrva bhArata para AkramaNa karane vAle kAlayavana ke bAda sikandara ke samaya taka bhArata para AkramaNa karane kA dussAhasa koI videzI AkrAntA na kara sakA. 1. tattirIyabrAhmaNa 217/111. 2. Rgveda 1238. 3. Rgveda110015. 4. Rgveda 10 / 786. 5. kauTilIya arthazAstra 111111. Jain Education in ate&Rerson Maanelibrass.org
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________________ 650 muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya jaina aura bauddha sAhitya meM pUrva ke kucha gaNarAjyoM ke viSaya meM vistRta sUcanA milatI hai. zeSa sAre bhArata meM phaile hue gaNarAjyoM aura unake kAryoM ke prati bhAratIya sAhitya mauna hai. kevala kahIM-kahIM unake nAma mAtra mila jAte haiM. mahAbhASya meM eka sthAna para kSudrakoM kI mahattvapUrNa vijaya kI ora maharSi pataMjali ne saMketa kiyA hai. saMbhavataH yaha vijaya kSudrakamAlavoM kI saMyukta senA ne sikandara para prApta kI ho jisakA ullekha kucha itihAsakAroM ne kiyA hai. AraTTa (vAhIka), kSudraka, mAlava, vATadhAna, AbhIra, aparItI (apharIdI), carmakhaNDika (samarakanda), kaTha, gAndhAra, sindhu, sauvIra, brAhmaNa-rAjya, madra, tuSAra, darda, paktha, hArahaNa, zaka, kekaya, dazamAnika (dazanAmI), kAmboja, dazeraka, uluta, tomara, haMsamArga, zivi, vasAti, urasA, ambaSTha, yaudheya, malla, zAkya, licchivi Adi uttarI bhArata ke prAcIna gaNarAjyoM ke nAma haiM. varddhamAna mahAvIra aura gautama buddha ke samaya inameM se kaI gaNarAjya bar3e hI prabala the, parantu sAmAnyatayA yaha kAla gaNarAjyoM ke hrAsa kA thA. janapadoM meM rAjatantra zaktimAn ho rahe the. magadha ke rAjya se AtaMkita hokara usake sImAvartI kaI gaNarAjyoM ne mila kara vajjisaMgha kI sthApanA kI thI jisakI rAjadhAnI vaizAlI thI. isa saMgha kI prabalatA kA pramANa yaha hai ki tatkAlIna rAjA saMgha ke vibhinna gaNoM meM vivAha karake unakI mitratA ke AkAMkSI the. vatsarAja udayana vaidehiputra kahA gayA hai. bimbasAra kI rAnI vAsavI bhI videhakumArI thI. zAkya zuddhodana kI mAyA aura mahAmAyA nAmaka striyA~ licchivi thIM. kozalarAja prasenajita kI patnI zAkya kanyA thI. mahAtmA buddha ne licchiviyoM ke caritrabala, pArasparika-sammAnabhAva, bhrAtRtva, zAlInatA, zaktimattA, dharmaparipAlana, nivilAsitA, niralasatA Adi guNoM kI prabhUta prazaMsA kI hai. parantu sAre gaNa aise nahIM the, unameM gaNasadasyoM meM mithyAbhimAna, jAtIyagurutA kI bhAvanA, vilAsitA, Alasya, caritrahInatA Adi durguNa samAviSTa ho rahe the. yahI kAraNa thA ki eka eka karake samasta gaNarAjya samApta ho rahe the. mahAtmA buddha va mahAvIra svAmI ne jina naitika AndolanoM kA samArambha kiyA, ve mAnavamAva ke liye the. ataeva unake liye gaNajIvana hI uttama mAnA jA sakatA thA. ina donoM hI mahApuruSoM ne eka ora to gaNoM ke durguNoM kI nindA kI hai aura dUsarI ora apane saMghoM kI sthApanA karake AdhyAtmika gaNarAjya-paramparA kI nIMva DAlI hai. AdhyAtmika-gaNarAjyaparamparA ke pravartaka ke rUpa meM buddha va mahAvIra kA yogadAna maulika va yugAntarakArI rahA hai. varddhamAna mahAvIra kazyapa gotrIya jJAtRka kSatriya kula ke the. unheM 'sarvoccajina mahAvIra jJAtRputra' kahA gayA hai. jJAtRka vajjisaMgha ke aSTakuloM (aTThakula) meM pramukha gine jAte the. inakI mAtA licchivi vaMza kI thI. mahAvIra ko saMghaparamparA kA jJAna apane parivAra meM hI ho gayA hogA. ataH kaThora tapasyA ke bAda arhattva prApta karake unhoMne apane anuyAyiyoM ko 'saMgha' ke rUpa se prabodhita kiyA. ataeva unako buddha ke samaya meM hI saMghI, gaNI, gaNAcArya Adi nAmoM se abhihita kiyA jAtA thA.5 kadAcit prArambha meM aise dharmasaMghoM kA virodha huA ho, dhammapada se isa prakAra kI sUcanA milatI hai. arhatAM zAsanaM yastu prAryANAM dharmajovinAm , pratikrozati durmedhAH dRSTiM nizcitya pApikAm / / vaidika samAja kI nIMva zrama-yajJa para AdhArita hai, jisakA rUpa Azrama-vyavasthA ke rUpa meM pratiSThita huA. zrama ko 1. ekAkibhiH kSudrakerjitam . aSTAdhyAyI sUtra 5 / 3 / 52 para pAtaMjalamahAbhASya. 2. DA0 rAdhAkumuda mukarjI-hindUsabhyatA pR0 284-85. 3. prAcIna pustaka mAlA 222266. 4. sUtrakRtAMga sUtra 1111527. 5. DA0 rAdhAkumuda mukarjI-hindU sabhyatA 232, 6. dhammapada 12.8. . . . OOD . . .... DO.COOT .. ... TOON H Jain Educ.C O . TO........................ .......................................... org
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________________ badrIprasAda paMcolI : mahAvIra dvArA pracArita AdhyAtmika gaNarAjya aura usakI paramparA 331 3 devatva, amaratva tathA indrapada kA sAdhaka mAnA gayA hai. jisake vinA devatA bhI sahAyatA nahIM karate. usakI gaNanA Rta, satya tathA tapa jaisI AdhyAtmika vibhUtiyoM aura rAjya, dharma aura karma jaisI pArthiva zaktiyoM ke sAtha kI gaI hai. AzramavyavasthA kA hrAsa hone para zrama ko jIvana meM punaH pratiSThita karane ke liye zramaNavAda kA udaya huA. vyAvahArika jIvana meM zrama mAnavatAvAda ke vikAsa meM sahAyaka hotA hai. vyAvahArika jIvana kI isa zrama-sAdhanA ko jaina granthoM meM tapa kA mArga kahA gayA hai. yahI zramasAdhanA sUkSma zarIra meM jAgRta hokara mokSa sAdhikA banatI hai. bhagavAn mahAvIra ne apane saMgha ke cAra varga niyata kiye the--muni, AryikAgaNa, zrAvaka tathA zrAvikAe~, inameM antima do meM jaina zAsana ke anuyAyI aise gRhastha strI-puruSa gine jAte haiM jo kevala vyAvahArika jIvana meM zrama kI pratiSThA ke anurAgI hoM. prathama do, ve haiM jo vItarAgajIvana grahaNa karake zrama ke vyAvahArika rUpa kI pratiSThA 'zama' meM kareM. mahAvIra kI taraha buddha kA dhyeya bhI 'zrama' kI pratiSThA 'zama' meM karanA hI rahA hai. zamayitA hi pApAnAM zramaNa iti kathyate. zrama ko zama se bhinna mAna kara jIvana-yApana karane vAle logoM ko mahAvIra ne 'mithyAdRSTi anAryazramaNa '6 kahA hai. zrama ke prati buddha aura mahAvIra kA yaha dRSTikoNa tatkAlIna paristhitiyoM meM nitAnta dUradarzitApUrNa thA. usa samaya bhAratavarSa meM gaNavyavasthA kA patana ho rahA thA aura bhArata ke par3osa meM phArasa meM vizAla sAmrAjya janma le rahA thA. kisI bhI kSaNa sAmrAjyavAdI dRSTi sampUrNa bhArata ko AtmasAt kara sakatI thI. kendrIya zakti ke abhAva meM pArasparika phUTa, vilAsitA aura Alasya se jarjarita gaNa apanI rakSA meM samartha nahIM ho sakate the. ata: samAja ke kalyANa ko apanI dAyAdya mAnane vAle brAhmaNa bikharI huI zaktiyoM ko rAjatantra dvArA kendrita karane kA prayatna karane lage aura dUsarI ora zramaNa ( zramajIvI) zrama ko hI tantra ( vyavasthA ) kA AdhAra mAna kara gaNabhakti chor3a na sake. brAhmaNa 'somo'smAkaM brAhmaNAnAM rAjA' kA udghoSa karate hue svayaM svatantra rahakara kevala 'viz' (sAdhAraNa prajA) ke liye rAjA kI vyavasthA dete the. ataH nitAnta svatantratA ke abhilASI logoM ko isameM brAhmaNoM kI svArthasiddhi dikhAI dI aura isa prakAra donoM vicAradhArAoM ke anuyAyiyoM ke bIca bhI khAI bar3hatI gaI. yaha zramaNa-brAhmaNoM kA zAzvata virodha videzI AkrAntAoM ko nimaMtrita kara sakatA thA. sacamuca hI eka bAra phArasI sAmrAjya kI sImA sindhu taka A pahu~cI thI. buddha aura mahAvIra donoM ne hI isa virodha ko dUra karane kA prayatna kiyA. unhoMne zramaNatva aura brAhmaNatva ko abhinna mAnA hai. mahAvIra ne kahA hai : jo aise dAnta, moyogya aura kAyAvyutsRSTa (mamatAtyAgI haiM, unheM brAhmaNa kaha sakate haiM, zramaNa, bhikSu yA nirbandha bhI kaha sakate hai. 5 isa prakAra ina donoM hI yugadarzI mahApuruSoM ne sAmAjika kSetra meM zrama ke prati jisa navIna dRSTikoNa ko upasthita kiyA vaha rASTra rakSA kI dRSTi se bhI mahatvapUrNa thA. Jain Exon Inten 1. Rgveda 36012, 1/11013, 360/3, 1/110/4. 2. Rgveda 4 / 34 / 4. 3. atharvaveda 116/17 8/66. 4. uttarAdhyayana sUtra - adhyAya 13. 5. dhammapada 20110. 6. sUtra kRtAMgasUtra 1 / 11 / 36. 7. yeSAM virodhaH zAzvatikaH ityasyAvakAzaH zramaNa brAhmaNam. pAtaMjala mahAbhASya 2/46. 8. sUtrakRtAMgasUtra 1 / 11 / 36. brary.org
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________________ 652 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya vaidika pratIka-yajJa isa samaya nirarthaka kriyAkalApa mAtra raha gae the. unakI sAmAjika upayogitA nagaNyaprAya thI. jisa prakAra ke yajJa kI jIvanapratiSThA vAMchita thI vaha mahAvIra ke zabdoM meM isa prakAra hai : 'tapa Aga hai, jIva jyotisthAna (vedI) hai, yoga juvA hai, zarIra sUkhA gobara hai (kArisaMga), karma IMdhana hai, saMyama kI pravRtti zAntipATha hai. aisA homa maiM karatA hU~. RSiyoM ke liye yahI homa prazasta hai.' isa navIna jIvana-darzana aura navIna sAmAjika dRSTikoNa ko lekara mahAvIra ne apane anuyAyiyoM ko saMgaThita kiyA. zrama, cAhe vaha kisI bhI prakAra kA ho, samAna mahattva rakhatA hai isalie usake AdhAra para samAja meM pracalita U~canIca kI bhAvanA ko unhoMne tyAjya ThaharAyA. unhoMne kahA-"Na vi deho vandijjai, Na vi ya kulo Na vi ya jAisaMjutto2-arthAt deha vandanIya nahIM hotA, kula aura jAti bhI vandanIya nahIM hote." pArasparika sAmya para AdhArita mahAvIra kA saMgha gaNaparamparA para AdhArita thA. bauddha piTakoM meM bauddhasaMgha kI sabhA va usakI kAryapraNAlI kA svarUpa dekhA jA sakatA hai. ThIka usI taraha jJapti, anuzrAvaNa aura dhAraNA dvArA sammatigrahaNa, chandagrahaNa Adi kA nirvAha jainasaMgha kI sabhAoM meM bhI hotA thA. bauddhasaMgha meM sthavira va sthavirAe~ hI bhAga le sakate the, parantu jaina saMgha meM muni va AryikAoM ke atirikta sadgRhasthadampatI bhI bhAga le sakate the. ata: ise adhika udArabhAvanA para saMgaThita kahA jA sakatA hai. bauddhasaMgha ke bhArata se lupta ho jAne para bhI jainasaMgha ke bane rahane kA kAraNa usakA sArvajanika grAhya rUpa hI hai. isa saMgha kI sthApanA meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ke do uddezya the. pahalA-samakAlIna gaNataMtroM ke samakSa zrama kI pratiSThA para AdhArita AdhyAtmika gaNarAjya kA svarUpa upasthita karanA, tathA dUsarA zramaNa-brAhmaNa-bheda ko dUra kara, zrama kA paryavasAna 'zama' meM karane kI preraNA dekara mAnavatAvAdI dRSTikoNa kA prasAra karanA. saMgha ko jaina logoM ne guNoM kA krIDAsadana, parAsphUrtipradAna karane vAlA tathA pApahArI" kahA hai. isase prakaTa hai ki jainasamAja meM bhI saMghabhAvanA kA mahattva bauddhasamAja se kama nahIM thA. prAcIna bhArata ke gaNataMtroM kA vikAsa kSetrIya suvidhAoM para AdhArita thA, parantu mahAvIra svAmI dvArA pracArita AdhyAtmika gaNarAjya meM sampUrNa bhArata ko hI nahIM, mAnava mAtra ko saMgaThita karane kI saMbhAvanA vidyamAna thI. ataH apane samaya meM yaha yugAntarakArI prayatna thA. samakAlIna gaNarAjyoM ne mahAvIra kI AdhyAtmika gaNarAjya sambandhI vicAradhArA ko apanA liyA. licchiviyoM kA to yaha rAjapoSita dharma bana gayA. licchiviyoM meM sabase adhika prabhAvazAlI ceTaka mahAvIra ke mAmA the. ceTaka kI putrI cellanA bimbasAra ko, prabhAvatI sindhu sauvIra ke rAjA udAyaNa ko, padmAvatI campA ke rAjA dadhivAhana ko, mRgAvatI kauzAmbI ke zatAnIka ko, zivA avantI ke rAjA caNDapradyota ko byAhI gaI thIM. ina sambandhoM se jainadharma kA vyApaka pracAra huA. mahAvIra ke vyApaka prabhAva kI sUcanA isa bAta se milatI hai ki unake nirvANa ke samaya kAzI aura kauzala ke 18 gaNarAjyoM, 6 mallakoM aura 6 licchiviyoM ne milakara prakAzotsava kiyA thA. mahAvIra ko mallarAjA zastipAla ke prAsAda meM nirvANa prApta huA. isase malloM para bhI unakA prabhAva lakSita hotA hai. 1. tavo joI jIvo joiThANaM, jogA suyA sarIraM kArisaMgaM / kammehA saM jamajoga santI, homaM huNAmi isiNa pasatya / uttarAdhyayana sUtra 12 / 43. 2. darzanapAhui 27. 3. somaprabhAcArya viracita sUktimuktAvalI, zlokasaMkhyA 23. 4. upayukta zloka 22. 5. upayukta zloka 23. 6. hindUsabhyatA DA0 rAdhAkumuda mukarjI-hindI anuvAda pR0 228. 7. bhagavatI sUtra 46. 8. DA0 rAdhAkumuda mukarjI-hindUsabhyatA pR0 226. hwwwjanellorary.org
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________________ badrIprasAda paMcolI : mahAvIra dvArA pracArita AdhyAtmika gaNarAjya aura usakI paramparA : 653 mahAvIra ne apane jIvanakAla meM hI zAsana ko adhika lokapriya banAne ke lie apane pramukha 11 ziSyoM ko gaNadhara niyukta kiyA. ye jaina-zAsana ke sarvocca vyAkhyAtA the. inhoMne gaNoM ko jainazAsana kA upadeza diyA. ina 11 gaNadharoM tathA mahAvIra svAmI kI vANI kA saMkalana siddhAnta kahalAtA hai. mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke uparAnta jainasaMgha ke pramukha sudharmA bane. inake bAda jambU svAmI gaNapramukha bane 3 gaNapramukha aura hue. lagabhaga 150 varSoM ke sudIrgha kAla meM jaina saMgha meM koI ullekhanIya ghaTanA nahIM huI. antima nandarAjA ke samaya jainasaMgha ke do pramukha sambhUtivijaya aura bhadrabAhu hue. ina donoM ne jaina siddhAntoM kA saMkalana kiyA. jainasaMgha kI prArambhika saphalatA kA kAraNa samakAlIna gaNarAjyoM meM panapane vAlI gaNabhAvanA to thI hI, sAtha hI jaina AcAryoM kA udAra va udAtta vyaktitva bhI thA. naitikatA para Azrita garaNavyavasthA adhika se adhikatara rucikara hotI gaI thI. kAlAntara meM jainasaMgha kA kAryakSetra to bar3hatA gayA parantu sevAbhAvI, udAttavyaktitva vAle AcAryoM kI saMkhyA kama hotI gaI. saMghabheda ke kAraNa vibhinna sampradAyoM meM sparddhA bar3hatI gaI aura pracArakArya kama ho gayA. gaNarAjya samApta ho gae. maurya va gupta zAsakoM ke yuga meM rAjatantra kI saphalatA dekha kara gaNoM para se lokavizvAsa uThatA gayA. jainasaMgha ke logoM meM uddezya gauNa ho gayA. jisa mAnavatAvAdI dRSTikoNa ko lekara AdhyAtmikagaNa kI sthApanA mahAvIra ne kI thI, usI dRSTikoNa se parivartita rUpa meM vikasita hone vAle brAhmaNadharma se sahayoga karane ko jainasaMgha taiyAra na thA. yadyapi hemacandra jaise udAra vicAraka arhat, ziva, buddha, brahma va viSNu meM abheda darzana karate the. jinaprabhasUri jaise vidvAn 'gAyatrIrahasya' jaise bhASya likhate the Adijina kI pUjA ke lie vaidikamaMtra grahaNa kiye jA rahe the. sarasvatI kI zrutadevI ke nAma se upAsanA kI jA rahI thI, parantu pArasparika sparddhA kaTutA meM badalatI jA rahI thI. pahale zrAvaka ke rUpa meM koI bhI jainamandira meM jA sakatA thA, parantu aba brAhmaNa dharmAvalambI 'na gacchet jainamandiram' kA nArA bulanda karane lage. ina saba bAtoM ko jainasaMgha kI avanati ke kAraNoM ke rUpa meM upasthita kiyA jA sakatA hai. Adhunika kAla meM bhI jainasaMgha vibhAjita hai. aba jaina vidvAn apane Apako ahindU kahane meM garva anubhava karate haiM. pichalI janagaNanA meM jainoM ko hinduoM se pRthak likhA gayA hai. mahAvIra ke tapomArga tathA AryamArga ko kinhIM anArya paramparAoM kA avazeSa siddha kiyA jA rahA hai. mahAvIra Aryadarzana se dUra rahane vAle anAryo kI nindA karate the, zramaNa, brAhmaNa, bhikSu yA nirgrantha meM koI bheda nahIM mAnate the. 5 unhoMne apane mArga ko satpuruSa AryoM dvArA pUrva vyAkhyAta kahA hai. 6 kintu vidvAn pArasparika kaTutA ko janma dene vAlI bhedakArI nIti se kaba paricita hoMge kahA nahIM jA sakatA. mahAvIra dvArA pracArita paramparA ko 'panapI aura avagati ko prApta huI' itanA hI mahattva nahIM hai. usase vigata do sahasrAbdiyoM ke bhArata ke sabase bar3e lokanAyaka AcArya zaMkara ne preraNA lekara, sAre bhArata kI eka ikAI ke rUpa meM kalpanA karake AdhyAtmika gaNarAjya kI bhAvanA ko aura Age bar3hAyA. unhoMne bhArata ke cAroM konoM meM cAra maThoM kI sthApanA karake dhArmika dRSTi se bhArata kA saMgaThana kiyA. thothe matoM ko ukhAr3a pheMkA. AcArya zaMkara ke ina prayatnoM kA hI phala thA ki eka sahasrAbda ke videzI zAsana meM bhI bhArata ne sAMskRtika dRSTi se kisI na kisI rUpa meM apane gaurava ko surakSita banAe rakkhA. dIvAroM meM cuna jAne vAle, zikhA ke pahale zira kaTA dene vAle vIroM ko sphUrti pradAna karane kA zreya zaMkarAcArya kI dhArmika gaNaparamparA ko hai, aura isIlie isakA zreya apratyakSa rUpa se mahAvIra svAmI ko bhI prApta hai. svatantra bhAratIya gaNarAjya ko bhI mahAvIra kI AdhyAtmika gaNaparamparA se preraNA prApta hotI rahegI. 1. yaM zaivAH samupAsate ziva iti brahmati vedAntino, bauddha buddha iti pramANapaTavaH karteti naiyAyikAH / arhannityatha jainazAsanaratAH karmeti mImAMsakAH, so'yaM vo vidadhAtu vAMchitaphalaM trailokyanAtho hariH // 2. oM catvAraH zRMgA trayo'syapAdA dve zIrSe saptahastAstridhA baddho vRSabho rauti mahAdevo matyaM Avezaya svAhA - Jain Konography meM pR0 66 para pratiSThAsArasaMgraha se uddhRta. 3. satrakRtAMgasUtra 1/3/4. 4. uparyukta 2518. 5. uparyukta 1 / 16 / 1 6. uparyukta 25/13.
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________________ ... . ." 1. mo. rAjArAma aura ema0 e0, epha0 ena0 jI0 esa0, zAstrAcArya, sAhityaratna raidhU-sAhitya kI prazastiyoM meM aitihAsika va sAMskRtika sAmagrI bhAratIya vAGmaya ke unnayana meM jina vareNya sAdhakoM ne anavarata zrama evaM athaka sAdhanA karake apanA ullekhya yogadAna kiyA hai, unameM mahAkavi raidhu' apanA pramukha sthAna rakhate haiM. unhoMne apane jIvanakAla ke sImita samaya meM 23 se bhI adhika vizAla apabhraMza graMthoM kI racanA karake sAhitya-jagat ko Azcaryacakita kiyA hai. racanAoM kA viSaya-vaividhya saMskRta-prAkRta, apabhraMza evaM hindI Adi bhASAoM para asAdhAraNa pANDitya, itihAsa evaM saMskRti kA talasparzI jJAna, samAja evaM rASTra ko sAhitya, saMgIta evaM kalA ke prati jAgarUka karAne kI kSamatA jaisI ukta kavi meM dikhAI par3atI hai vaisI anyatra zAyada hI kahIM milegI.. kavi kI kavitvazakti usake varNya-viSaya meM to spaSTa dikhatI hI hai kintu samAja evaM rAjanyavarga ke logoM ko bhI usane sAhitya evaM kalApremI banA diyA thA, yaha kavi raidhU kI advitIya dena hai. aisI lokokti prasiddha hai ki lakSmI evaM sarasvatI kA sadA se vairabhAva calA AyA hai. kaI jagaha yaha ukti satya bhI siddha huI lekina kavi ne unakA jaisA samanvaya kiyA-karAyA, vahI usakI viziSTa evaM adbhuta maulikatA hai, udAharaNArtha kavi kI prazastiyoM meM se 2-3 atyanta mArmika prasaMga upasthita kiye jAte haiM, jinase kavi-pratibhA kA camatkAra spaSTa dekhane ko mila jAtA hai. mahAkavi raidhU kI sAdhanA-bhUmi gopAcala (gvAliyara) meM saMghavI kamalasiMha nAmaka eka nagaraseTha rahate the jo atyanta udAravRtti se jIvana-yApana karate the. ve mahAkavi ke mitra evaM paramabhakta bhI the. rAjyapadAdhikArI hone se ve rAjya ke kAryoM meM hI vyasta rahate the. eka dina ve usase ghabarAkara mahAkavi se bheMTa karate haiM tathA nivedana karate haiM: sayaNAsaNa taMbarama turaMga, dhayachattacamara bhAmiNi rahaMga / kaMcaNadhaNakaNagharadaviNakosa, jANi jaMpAi jaNiya tosa / taha puNa eyarAyaradesagAma, baMdhava NaMdaNa NayaNAhirAma / sArayaruzraNupuNubacchubhAu, jaM jaM dIsai NANA sahAu / taM taM ji echu pAviyai sabchu, labhai Na kaca-mANikku bhancha / ecchu ji bahu buha Nivasahiu kiTTa, u sukau kovi dIsai maNi? / bho NisuNi viyakkhaNa kahami tujjha, rakkhami Na kiMpiNiya citta gujjh| -sammatta0 117 / 1-7. tuhu puNu kanvarayaNa rayaNAyaru, bAlamittu amhahaM gehAuru / tuhu mahu saccau puNNa sahAyau, mahu maNiccha pUraNa annuraayu| -sammatta0 1 / 14 / 8-6. 1. mahAkavi raidhU ke jIvanavRtta evaM sAhitya-paricaya ke lie 'AcArya bhikSu smRti grantha meM prakAzita merA nibandha dekhie-pRSTha 101-115. wwwww lololola oldiolo lololl ololololololol Jain Education Interne Sonal w na senty www.jainerary.org
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________________ + + + M ++++ pro0 rAjArAsa jaina : raidhU-sAhitya kI prazastiyoM meM aitihAsika va sAMskRtika sAmagrI : 655 arthAt "he kavivara, zayanAsana, hAthI, ghor3e, dhvajA, chatrara, camara, sundara rAniyA~, ratha, senA, sonA, dhana-dhAnya, bhavana, sampatti, koSa, nagara, deza, grAma , bandhu-bAndhava, sundara santAna, putra, bhAI Adi sabhI mujhe upalabdha haiM. saubhAgya se kisI bhI prakAra kI bhautika sAmagrI kI mujhe kamI nahIM hai kintu itanA saba hone para bhI mujhe eka cIja kA abhAva sadaiva khaTakatA rahatA hai aura vaha yaha ki mere pAsa kAvyarUpI eka bhI sundara maNi nahIM hai. isake binA merA sArA aizvarya phIkAphIkA lagatA hai. he kAvyarUpI ratnoM ke ratnAkara, tuma to mere snehI bAlamitra ho, tumhI hamAre sacce puNya-sahAyaka ho. mere mana kI icchA pUrNa karanevAle ho. isa nagara meM bahuta se vidvajjana rahate haiM, kintu mujhe Apa jaisA koI bhI anya sukavi nahIM dikhatA. ataH he kavizreSTha, maiM apane hRdaya kI gA~Tha kholakara saca-saca apane hRdaya kI bAta Apase kahatA hU~ ki Apa eka kAvya kI racanA karake mujha para apanI mahatI kRpA kIjiye. mahAkavi raidhU ne kamalasiMha saMghavI kI ukta atyanta vinamra prArthanA svIkRta kara uttara meM kahAH susahAu bhavya tuhu diti Niru, tuhu puNu kamalAyaru hohi thiru / laikari ciMtiyau paI, bhAlahiM puNahu Niyaya mai / mA cita karahiM supasaNa maNA, bhavi bhavi labbhahiMdhaNa kaNarayaNA / dullahu jiNadhammu ji hoi parA, taM tuhu aAyarahiM ji viNaya parA |--smmtt0 1, 8, 13-16 arthAt 'he bhAI kamalasiMha, tuma apanI buddhi ko sthira karo. tumane jo vicAra prakaTa kiye haiM ve tumhAre hI anurUpa haiM. aba ciMtA karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM, prasannacitta bano (maiM icchAnusAra tumheM kAvyaracanA kara dUMgA) janma-janmAntara meM isI prakAra svarNa dhana-dhAnya evaM ratnoM se yukta bane raho tathA durlabhatA se prApta isa dharma evaM mAnava-jIvana meM hitakArI ucca kAryoM ko sadA karate raho !' jaba kavi kI isa prakAra kI svIkArokti sunI to kamalasiMha Anandavibhora ho uThe. unhoMne apane jIvana ko saphala mAna liyA tathA turanta hI ve yaha samAcAra rAjA DUMgarasiMha ko dene ke liye rAja-darabAra meM pahu~cate haiM tathA ziSTAcAra pradarzana ke bAda nivedana karate haiM: "he rAjan, maiMne kucha dharmakArya karane kA vicAra kiyA hai, kintu use kara nahIM pA rahA hU~, ataH pratidina maiM yahI socatA rahatA hU~ ki aba vaha ApakI kRpApUrNa sahAyatA evaM Adeza se sampUrNa karU~gA. ApakA yaza evaM kIti akhaNDa evaM ananta hai. maiM to isa pRthvI para eka daridra evaM asamartha hU~, isa manuSya-paryAya meM maiM kyA kara sakatA hU~ !" kamalasiMha kA yaha nivedana sunakara yuvarAja kIrtisiMha atyanta pulakita ho uThe. rAjA DUMgarasiMha ne bhI atyanta prasannatA ke sAtha kahA : viyasivi jaMpiu DUMgararAe', kamalasIha vaNivara sNvaae| puNNu kajju jaM tuva maNi ruccaI, taM virayahi sAhu samuccaI / je puNu aNNa kevi susahAyaNa, karahu karahu te dhamma mahAyaNa / kiMpi saMka mA kijjahu cittaheM, saMtuhauha dhammaNimittahi / jahi soraTi vIsala NivarajjahiM, dhamma paviTThau ciru NiravajjahiM / vaccha teyapAlakkhavaNiMdahi, pavara ticcha Nimmiya gayadaMtahi / jiha perojasAhi supasAyaM, joiNipuri NivasaMta zramAyaM / sAraga sAhu NAma vikkhAyaM, pavihiya jatta dhamma aNurAe / tiha tuhu~ virayahi ecchu guNAyaru, lai lai pauru davu dhammAyaru / na su jettaDau viriachaiM, so sayalu jivekkau kayaNi chii| 1. de0 sammatta0 111115. 2. rAjA DUMgarasiMha kA putra, kaI sthAnoM para isakA nAma 'karanasiMha' bhI upalabdha hotA hai. Jain Education Intemational www.jainelibrary org
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________________ 656 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya aNai hau asesu pUresami, jaM jaM maggahu taM taM desami / puNu puNu ema teNa tahiM bhaNiuM, puNu taMbolu devi sammANiu / puNu suritANa sIha Niyabhiccahu, sAmiya dhamma ciMti maNiccahu / tahu pAesu NiveNa puNu diNNau, kahiM dhamma sahAu achiNNau / kamalasIhu jaM tumheM bhAsaI, taM tahu pavihijjahi susamAsai / maNivi pasAu teNa paDivaNau, ajha sAmi kiMkaru hau dhnnu|-smmtt0 1 / 11 / 6-20. arthAt 'he sajjanottama, jo bhI puNyakArya tumheM rucikara lage use avazya hI pUrA karo / he mahAjana, yadi dharma-sahAyaka aura bhI koI kArya hoM to unheM bhI pUrA karo. apane mana meM kisI bhI prakAra kI zaMkA mata karo. dharma ke nimitta Apa saMtuSTa raheM. jisa prakAra rAjA vIsaladeva ke rAjya meM saurASTra (soraTThi) meM dharma-sAdhanA nirvighna rUpa se pratiSThita thI, vastupAla-tejapAla nAmaka vyApAriyoM ne hAthIdAMtoM (?) se pravara tIrtharAja kA nirmANa karAyA thA. jisa prakAra perojasAhi (phIrojazAha) kI mahAn kRpA se yoginIpura (dillI) meM nivAsa karate hue sAraga ne atyanta anurAga pUrvaka dharmayAtrA karake khyAti prApta kI thI. usI prakAra he guNAkara, dharmakAryoM ke liye mujhase, paryApta dravya le lo. jo kArya karanA hai use nizcaya hI pUrA kara lo. yadi dravya meM kucha kamI A jAya to maiM use pUrNa kara dUMgA. jo jo mA~goge vahI-vahI (mu~ha mA~gA) dUMgA. rAjA ne bAra-bAra AzvAsana dete hue kamalasiMha ko pAna kA bIr3A dekara sammAnita kiyA. rAjA kA AzvAsana evaM sammAna prApta kara kamalasiMha atyanta prasanna hue tathA rAjA se itanA hI kaha sake ki he svAmin Aja ApakA yaha dAsa dhanya ho gayA.' mahAkavi ne kamalasiMha kI bAta svIkAra to karalI kintu phirabhI usake mana meM zaMkA hotI hai ki sambhavata: durjana usake kAryoM meM vighna bAdhA upasthita kareM, taba ? usa sthiti meM kamalasiMha kA utsAha preraNA evaM sAhasa-bharA AzvAsana dekhiye. ve kahate haiM : saMghAhiyeNa tAtahu pauttu, bhokai pahANa NisuNahi Niruttu / dujjaNa sajjaNa sasahAva hoMti, avaguNa guNAi te saI jiliMti / jiha ugaha sIya ravi sIsa haNammi, Niya payai Na mellahi puNu kahammi / caMdahu ujjoyaM tasaiMsANu, tAkiM so chaMDai Niyaya ThANu / jai puNu viulUbahu dukkhaheu, tA ravi suevi kiM Niyaya teu / jai takkara sAhuhu gau sahei, tA kiM sojaggaMtau rahei / jUvAsaeNa kiM kovivacchu, chaMDai bhaNu taNu icchu jipasacchu |-smmtt0 1 / 16 / 1-7 arthAt he kavizreSTha, suniye, durjana-sajjana to apane-apane svabhAva se hote haiN| ve avaguNoM evaM sadguNoM ke bala para hI jIvita rahate haiM. ravi evaM zazi eka hI AkAza meM apanI uSNatA evaM zItalatA kA kyA parityAga kara dete haiM ? dhUli ke kaNoM se AcchAdita ho jAne para bhI kyA candramA apane prakAza ko denA chor3a detA hai. rAhu ke dvArA grasta ho jAne para bhI kyA sUrya apanI tejasvitA chor3a detA hai. yadi cora sAhUkAra kI upasthiti na cAhe to kyA vaha saMsAra meM rahanA hI chor3a de. yadi juArI vyakti kisI vastu ko dA~va para lagA de to kyA usase vaha vastu aprazasta ho jAtI hai. tathA isase dUsarA koI anya sajjana vyakti usakI cAha karanA bhI chor3a de. ataH he kavivara, Apa nizcinta mana hokara apanI kAvya racanA kareM. mahAkavi ke eka dUsare sahayogI bhakta the harisiMha sAhU. unakI tIvra icchA thI ki unakA nAma candravimAna meM likhA jAya. ataH unhoMne kavi se savinaya nivedana kiyA ki : mahu sAgurAva tahu mitta jeNa, vieNatti majhu avahAri teja / mahu NAmu lihahi caMdaho vimANu, chaya vayaNu suddha Niya citti ThANu / --balabhadra0 2411-12 Jain Education Inte Mor Private &Personal use/2
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________________ rAjArAma jaina : raidhU-sAhitya kI prazastiyoM meM aitihAsika va sAMskRtika sAmagrI : 657 arthAt 'he mitra, mujha para anurAgI banakara merI vinatI suna lIjiye evaM mere dvArA icchita balabhadra purANa nAmaka racanA likhakara merA nAma candravimAna meM aMkita karA dIjiye.' harisiMha kI ukta prArthanA sunakara kavi ne kaI kAraNoM se apanI asamarthatA vyakta karate hue tathA rAmacarita kI vizAlatA kA anubhava karate hue uttara diyA : ghaDaeNa bharaha ko uvahi tou, ko phaNi siramaNi payaDai viNou / paMcANaNa muhi ko khivai hatthu, vigu sutteM mahi ko rayaivatthu / biNu buddhietaha kabbaha pasAru, viraeppiNu gacchami kema pAru / -balabhadra0 1 / 4 / 1-4 arthAt 'he bhAI, rAmacarita (apara nAma balabhadra-carita) kA likhanA sarala kArya nahIM, usake likhane ke liye mahAn sAdhanA, kSamatA evaM zakti kI AvazyakatA hai. Apa hI batAiye bhalA ghar3e meM samasta samudrajala ko kauna bhara sakatA hai ? sA~pa ke sira se maNi ko kauna le sakatA hai ? prajvAlita paJcAgni meM kauna apanA hAtha DAla sakatA hai ? binA dhAge se ratnoM kI mAlA ko kauna gUMtha sakatA hai ? binA buddhi ke isa vizAla kAvya kI racanA karane meM maiM kaise pAra pA sakU~gA? ukta prakAra se uttara dekara kavi ne sAha kI bAta ko sambhavataH TAla denA cAhA, kintu sAhU sAhaba bar3e hI catura the. unhoMne aise avasara para vaNikbuddhi se kArya kiyA. unhoMne kavi ko apanI pUrva maMtrI kA smaraNa dilAte hue kahA ki :'kavivara, Apa to nirdoSa kAvya-racanA meM dhurandhara haiM. zAstrArtha Adi meM nipuNa haiM. Apake zrImukha meM to sarasvatI kA vAsa hai. Apa kAvya-praNayana meM pUrNa samartha haiM. ata: isa (rAmacarita) grantha kI racanA avazya hI karane kI kRpA kIjiye." basa, kavi kI sahRdaya bhAvukatA ko ukasAne ke lie itanA kathana mAtra paryApta thA. antataH vaha 'rAmacarita' likhane ke liye taiyAra ho jAtA hai. apanI vidvattA evaM satkavitva ke kAraNa kavi kA samAja meM bahuta hI ucca sthAna thA. sadAcaraNa, kAryaniSThA, paraduHkhakAtaratA, evaM paropakAravRtti ke kAraNa mahAkavi raidhU ne kyA rAjA aura kyA raMka, sabhI ke hRdayoM para ekacchatra zAsana kiyA thA. yahI kAraNa hai ki yadi kavi kvacit kadAcit kisI ko koI Adeza detA thA to use loga apane gaurava kI bAta mAnate the. tathA use pUrNa karane meM loga apanA ahobhAgya mAnate the. eka samaya kI ghaTanA hai ki mahAkavi ko 'pAsaNAha cariu' kI racanA karane kI icchA jAgRta huI tathA usake lie unheM Arthika sahayoga kI AvazyakatA par3I. taba unhoMne sAhU kula ziromaNi zrIkhemasiMha ko Adeza diyA ki 'tuma isa grantha' (pAsaNAha cariu) 'racanA kA bhAra vahana karo.'2 sAhU khemasiMha ne jaba yaha sunA to ve gadgad ho uThe. unake zarIra meM romAMca ho AyA tathA isa prakAra ke kavi ke Adeza se unhoMne apane ko gauravAnvita samajhakara unakA AbhAra mAnA. unhoMne atyanta prasannatA pUrvaka kavi se kahA : Niyagehi uvarANau kapparukkhu, tahu phalu ko gau baMchai sasukkhu / puNNeNa pattu jai kAmadheNu, ko hissAyai puNu vigayareNu / taha pai puNu mahu kiu saI pasAu, mahu jammu sayalu bho ajjajAu / tuhu~ dhaNNu jAsu erisau cittu, kaiyaNa guNu dullahu jeNa pattu / -pAsaNAha0 1 / 8 / 1-4 1. dekhiye, balabhadra0 115 / 5-6. 2. dekhiye, pAsaNAha0 11712. 3. dekhiye, pAsaNAha0 17.13-14. | Tu Tu Tu Tu Tu Tu JainEMOoliandin www.ainelibrary.org
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________________ 658 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya arthAt "he kavivara, apane hI ghara meM utpanna hue kalpavRkSa ke sukhada phala ko kauna nahIM khAnA cAhegA ? puNya se prApta huI kAmadhenu ko kauna zIghra hI nahIM duhanA cAhegA ? Apane kAvya-racanA kI svataH hI svIkRti dekara mujha para jo mahatI kRpA kI hai usase merA samasta jIvana hI saphala ho gayA hai. Apa dhanya haiM jinheM kavijanoM ko durlabha aisA sundara evaM sarasa hRdaya prApta huA hai." itanA hI nahIM, jaba 'pAsaNAha cariu' kI parisamApti huI tathA kavi ne sAhU khemasiMha ko ukta racanA samarpita kI to sAhU sAhaba ne use atyanta zraddhA-bhakti ke sAtha grahaNa kiyA tathA atyanta harSa vibhora hokara unhoMne kavi ko dvIpa dvIpAntaroM se ma~gavAye hue vastrAbhUSaNAdi upahAra svarUpa bheMTa kiye jisase kavi ko bhI bar3I hI Atma santuSTi huI.' mahAkavi raidhU ke tyAga, tapasyA evaM sAhitya-sAdhanA se unake samakAlIna gvAliyara nareza DUMgarasiMha evaM unake putra rAjA kItisiMha bhI bahuta hI adhika prabhAvita the. DUMgarasiMha ne to kavi ko rAjamahala meM baiThakara hI sAhitya-sAdhanA karane kA nivedana kiyA thA. jise kavi ne svayaM hI isa prakAra vyakta kiyA hai : govaggiri duggami NivasaMtau bahusuheNa tahiM / / paNamaMtau gurupAya pAyaDaMtu jiNasuttu mahi / -sammai0 113 / 6-10 raidhU-sAhitya kA pArAyaNa karane se vidita hotA hai ki ve AdinAtha prabhu ke parama bhakta the, kintu unake mana meM AdinAtha prabhu ke prati jisa prakAra kI kalpanA thI, tadanurUpa koI bhI pratibimba unake AsapAsa na thA. taba unake mana meM yaha icchA jAgRta huI ki gvAliyara-durga meM hI usakI eka vizAla mUtti kA nirmANa ho. yaha bAta rAjA DUMgarasiMha tathA vahA~ ke anya logoM ke kAnoM meM pahu~cI hI thI ki vaha kArya hI prArambha ho gayA. phira vaha mUtti mAmUlI nahIM banI. mahArAja DUMgarasiMha ne dUra-dUra se catura kalAkAroM ko bulAkara 57 phITa U~cI aisI bhavya AdinAtha kI pratimA kA nirmANa karA diyA jo dakSiNa bhArata ke gommaTezvara kA smaraNa karAtI hai. ukta mUtti ke bAda hI mUrtikalA kA kArya samApta nahIM ho gayA. tatpazcAt hI yojanA kA punavistAra huA tathA rAjA DUMgarasiMha ke jIvanaparyanta tathA unake bAda unake putra rAjA kItisiMha ke rAjya-kAla taka kula lagAtAra taitIsa varSoM taka (vi0 saM0 1467-1530 taka) yaha kArya calatA rahA jisameM agaNita jaina-mUttiyoM kA nirmANa huA. kavi ne likhA hai : agaNiya praNapaDima ko lakkhai, suraguru tAha gaNaNa jai akkhh| -sammata0 1 / 13 / 5 ukta pratimAoM meM se AdinAtha kI mUtti kI pratiSThA svayaM kavi raidhU ne hI kI thI. isI se yaha bhI vidita hotA hai ki ve pratiSThAcArya bhI the. mUtti lekha nimna prakAra hai'saMvat 1467 varSe vaizAkha........7 zukle punarvasunakSatre zrI gopAcala durge mahArAjAdhirAja rAjA zrI DuMga (rasiMha) rAjya saMvartamAne zrI kASThAsaMghe mAthuragacche puSkaragaNe bha0 guNakItti devAH tatpa? bha0 yazaH kItti devAH pratiSThAcArya paNDita raidhU teSAM AmnAye agrotavaMze goyala gotre sAdhu rAjA DUMgarasiMha evaM kItisiMha ke rAjyakAla meM nirmita ukta mUttiyoM ne itihAsa evaM kalA ke kSetra meM jaisA adbhuta kArya kiyA, vaha anUThA hai. madhyabhArata kA 14-15 vIM sadI kA jItA-jAgatA itihAsa ina mUttiyoM kI AkRtiyoM se spaSTa jhA~katA pratIta hotA hai. tatkAlIna mAlava-janapada kI rAjanaitika Arthika, dhArmika, sAmAjika evaM sAMskRtika itihAsa kI svarNamayI rekhAe~ ina mUrtilekhoM meM vidyamAna haiM. apanI viziSTa kalA ke kAraNa sadiyoM se ina mUttiyoM ne dezI-videzI sabhI kalAkAroM evaM paryaTakoM ko AkarSita kiyA hai. samrATa bAbara, phAdara mANserATa, janarala-kaniMghama, jemsa phargyusana, kemareza, evaM zrI ema0 bI0 garde, DA0 rAyacaudharI, rAjendralAla mitrA, hariharanivAsa dvivedI prabhRti 1. dekhiye, pAsaNAha0 14101-8. 2. dekhiye--bhaTTAraka sampradAya lekhAGka 560 pRSTha saMkhyA 218, IT ubAlabAjavAjavAvAjavAbavAvAcAvAcAvAtAvAnAvAcA Jain E Gianfary.org
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________________ rAjArAma jaina : raidhU-sAhitya kI prazastiyoM meM aitihAsika va sAMskRtika sAmagrI : 656 darzakoM evaM itihAsa-marmajJoM ne muktakaNTha se ukta-mUttikalA kI prazaMsA kI hai. DA0 rAyacaudharI ne likhA hai :' "He (Dungarsen) was a great patron of the Jaina faith and held the Jainas in high esteem. During his eventful reign the work of carving Jaina images on the rock of the fort of Gwalior was taken in hand; it was brought to completion during the reign of his successor Raja Karan Singh. All around the base of the fort the magnificent statues of the Jaina Pontiff of antiquity gaze from their tall niches like mighty guardians of the great fort and its surrounding landscape. Babar was much annoyed by these Rocksculptures as to issue orders for their destruction in I557. A. D. mugalasamrAT bAbara ne apane 'bAbaranAmA' meM inhIM mUttiyoM ke viSaya meM likhA thA jisakA janarala kaniMghama ne aMgrejI anuvAda' isa prakAra kiyA hai : They have hewn the solid rock of this Adiva and sculptured out of it idols of larger and smaller size. On the south part of it is a large size which may be about 40ft in height. These figures are perfectly naked, without even a rag to cover the parts of generation. Adiva is far from being a mean place, on the contrary, it is extremely pleasent. The greatest fault consists in the idol figures all about it. "I directed these idols to be destroyed." isI prakAra bhArata sarakAra ke relave vibhAga ne gvAliyara sambandhI apanI eka pustikA meM "Rock-Giants" ke nAma se ukta mUrtiyoM kA paricaya nimna prakAra diyA hai : Round the base of Gwalior Fort are several enormous figures of the Jaina Tirthamkaras or pontiffs which Vie in dignity with the colossal effigies of that greatest of all self advertisers Remses II who plastered Egypt with records of himself and his achievements. These Jaina statues were excavated from 1440-1473 A. D. isa prakAra kavikula divAkara raidhU kI preraNA se gvAliyara ke "do narezoM ke rAjya meM jaina-sAhitya, saMskRti evaM kalA ko prazraya milA aura unake dvArA mUttikalA kA jo vikAsa huA usakI ye bhAvamayI pratimAe~ pratIka haiM. 33 varSoM ke thor3e samaya meM hI kurUpa evaM beDaula caTTAneM mahAnatA, zAnti evaM tapasyA kI bhAva-vyaMjanA se mukharita ho uThIM. aba ukta pramANoM se yaha suspaSTa ho jAtA hai ki mahAkavi raidhU ne sacamuca hI apane mahAn vyaktitva evaM kRtitva se mAlava janapada meM eka navIna sAMskRtika cetanA jAgRta kI tathA lakSmI evaM sarasvatI ke ciravara ko durakara unameM eka camatkAra-pUrNa samanvaya sthApita kiyA. ataH samanvayavAdI kavi ke rUpa meM raidhU bhAratIya sAhitya meM sadA hI smaraNIya raheMge. raidhU-sAhitya meM upalabdha prazastiyoM meM anya jo vividha sUcanAe~ milatI haiM ve bhI kaI dRSTiyoM se atyanta mUlyavAn haiM. sAmAjika evaM Arthika paristhitiyoM kA sundara varNana, samakAlIna rAjAoM kA paricaya, nagara-varNana Adi apane vizeSa aitihAsika mahattva rakhate haiM. 1. dekhiye-The Romance of the Fort of Gwalior 1931 Page 19-20. 2. samagra raidhU-sAhitya meM "kIrtisiMha' yahI nAma milatA hai. 3. See Murry's Northen India Page 381-382. 4. See "Gwalior" (Published by the ministry of Railways) Govt. of India Delhi. MO banAnANANINNINNINENENINANINNINNI Jain M ary.org
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________________ 660 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : tRtIya adhyAya sAmAjika dRSTi se kavi ne tatkAlIna kaI tathyoM ke sAtha hI vyaktiyoM kI pravRtiyoM para sundara prakAza DAlA hai. raidhU dvArA varNita vyakti naitika vAtAvaraNa meM palA-pusA milatA hai. vaha nirAlasya, udyogI, dhArmika, dAnazIla, paraduHkhakAtara, svAdhyAya jijJAsu evaM sAhitya- rasika, guNIjanoM ke prati zraddhAlu tathA dIrghAyuSya thA. nirAmiSa, sAtvika bhojiyoM kA dIrghAyuSya honA svAbhAvika bhI thA. kavi ke samaya meM manuSya ke sau varSoM taka jIvita rahane kI dhAraNA eka sAdhAraNa-sI bAta thI. raidhU kA eka bhakta saMsAra se nirviNNa hokara kavi se kahatA hai ki "manuSya kI Ayu sau varSa mAtra kI hai, usameM se AdhA jIvana to sone-sone meM nikala jAtA hai. bhArata sarakAra ke impIriyala gajeTiyara bhI madhyabhArata ke jainiyoM kI Ayu apekSAkRta lambI dekhI gaI hai : ke anusAra The age statistics show that the Jainas, who are the richest and best mourished community are the longest, while the Animists and Hindus show the gratest fecundity." tatkAlIna samAja kI jinavANI bhakti evaM sAhitya- rasikatA ke pariNAmasvarUpa hI mahAkavi raidhU tathA anya kaviyoM kA amUlya vizAla sAhitya likhA jA sakA thA. una logoM ke niHsvArtha evaM nizchala Azraya meM rahakara kavigaNa mAM-bhAratI kI amUlya sevAeM karate rahe. kaviyoM ne bhI apane paramabhakta evaM zraddhAlu AzrayadAtAoM kI bhakti se prabhAvita hokara unakA svayaM kA tathA unakI 6-6, 7-7 pIr3hiyoM taka kI vaMzAvaliyA~ evaM pArivArika itihAsa Adi ko apanI grantha- prazastiyoM ke mAdhyama se likhakara unake prati kRtajJatA kA paricaya dekara eka ora jahA~ apanI amarakRtiyoM ke sAtha unheM amara banA diyA, vahIM dUsarI ora bhAvI paramparAoM ke liye eka amUlya sAmAjika evaM sAMskRtika itihAsa bhI taiyAra kara diyA. isa prakAra agravAla, jaisavAla, khaNDelavAla, padmAvati-puravAla Adi jAtiyoM se sambandha rakhane vAle bahumUlya tathya isa sAhitya meM upalabdha haiM. 113 mAlava- janapada kI mahilA samAja se to kavi itanA adhika prabhAvita thA ki unake guNoM ke varNana meM kavi kI lekhanI abAdhagati se daur3atI thI. kavi likhatA hai ki "vahA~ kI nAriyA~ dRr3hazIlavrata se yukta thIM. vividha prakAra ke dAnoM se pAtroM kA saMrakSaNa karatI thIM. aisA pratIta hotA hai mAnoM vahIM nArI ke rUpa meM sAkSAt lakSmI ne hI avatAra le liyA hai. vahA~ asundara to koI dIkhatA hI na thA. prAtaHkAla kriyAoM se nivRtta hokara sundara-sundara motI jar3e vastrAbhUSaNAdi dhAraNakara pUjA ke nimitta pramuditamana se nAriyA~ mandiroM kI ora jAtI thIM tathA deva evaM guru ke caraNoM meM mAthA jhukAtI thIM. samyagdarzana ke pAlana meM pravINa thIM. para puruSoM ko apane bhAI ke samAna mAnatI thIM. maiM vahA~ ke strIpuruSoM ke sambandha meM adhika kyA kahU~ jahA~ ki baccA-baccA bhI saptavyasanoM kA tyAgI thA.' isa prakAra mahAkavi ra kI nArI paramatI patibhaktA dhArmika, gRhakAryakuzala udAracita, paraduHkhakAtara, dAnazIlA, parivAra poSaka evaM AlasyavihIna hai. use apane baccoM ke susaMskAroM kA sadA dhyAna rahatA hai. usakI dekha-rekha meM baccoM kA svabhAva aisA ho jAtA hai ki ve saptavyasanoM tathA anya anaitika pravRttiyoM se sadA dUra rahakara parama AsthAvAna bana jAte haiM. ise hI mA~ kA saccA mAtRtva kahA jA sakatA hai. raidhU ne nArI meM mA~ ke darzana karake hI use aisA citrita kiyA hai. isalie jahA~ use nArI saundarya ke varNana karane kA avasara milA hai, vahA~ basa " gai haMsajIva" ( haMsa kI gati ke samAna calane vAlI ); "laliya girA" (sundara madhura vANI bolane vAlI ) jaise vizeSaNa taka hI unhoMne apane ko sImita rakhA hai. mahAkavi kezava, deva, matirAma yA bihArI athavA anya zrRMgAra rasa ke rasika dhurandhara kaviyoM ke samAna vAsanA ko ubhAr3ane meM ve bahuta hI pIche par3a gaye haiM. unakI isa sImA ko cAhe unakA doSa mAnA jAya athavA guNa, yaha bahuta kucha niSpakSa samAlocakoM ke hAthoM meM hI hai, kintu vastusthiti yahI hai. V Jain Eaton eran 1. dekhiye sammatta0 1.8.1. 2. See Imperial Gazetteer Vol. IX Page 353. 3. dekhiye - sammatta 1-6-10-16 www Fo Use O www.sunehrary.org
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________________ rAjArAma jaina : raidhU-sAhitya kI prazastiyoM meM aitihAsika va sAMskRtika sAmagrI : 661 dAmpatya jIvana kI sArthakatA tabhI mAnI jAtI thI, jaba ki suyogya saMtati kI prApti ho. usake abhAva meM uttarAdhikAra kI eka vikaTa samasyA uTha khar3I hotI thI. usake abhAva meM kauna to cala-acala sampatti kA saMrakSaNa karegA, gRhastha-dharma-nIti kA pravartana kauna karegA ? AzritoM ke A~sU poMchakara unakA lAlana-poSaNa kauna karegA ?"1 vizeSatayA . mA~ kA AdhAra to pati kI mRtyu ke bAda putra hI hai usIko apanI AzAoM kA kendra mAnakara vaha ghara meM vAsa karatI hai.2 Arthika sthiti kI dRSTi se kavi ne prazaMgavaza bahuta-sI bAtoM kI carcA kI hai. vastuta: artha-vyavasthA kisI bhI samAja yA rASTra kI rIr3ha hotI hai. usakI pRSThabhUmi meM vibhinna paramparAe~ nirmita hotI haiM. jana-jIvana kA vikAsa tathA rItirivAja bhI usI ke Aloka meM prakAzita hote haiM. mAlavA kA raidhU kAlIna samaya kaI dRSTiyoM se samRddha thA. samAja, saMskRti evaM sAhitya kA jo abhUtapUrva vikAsa vahA~ huA, usakA pramukha kAraNa vahA~ kI zAntipUrNa evaM sthira rAjanIti evaM arthavyavasthA hI thI, kavi ke sammukha Arthika sampannatA kA citraNa karane ke liye itanI sAmagrI thI ki use vaha apane sAhityarUpI vizAla kSetra meM donoM hAthoM se uchAla-uchAlakara bikheratA calA hai. sAmAnya-jana ko usakA cuna sakanA kaThina hai. kavi ke anusAra mAlava janapada sabhI prakAra ke dhana-dhAnya se paripUrNa thA. aisI koI bhI vastu na thI jisakA ki vahA~ abhAva ho. vahA~ kA vyApArI varga nyAyapUrvaka sampatti kA arjana karatA thA phira bhI usakA upayoga bhogaizvarya meM nahIM karatA thA. loga sadaiva hI isa prakAra socA karate the ki 'aisI sampatti ke arjana evaM saMcaya se kyA lAbha jisase dIna-dukhI evaM AvazyakatA vAle logoM kI AvazyakatAe~ hI pUrNa na hoM.'5 'pAsaNAhacariu" kI racanA-samApti ke bAda kavi ne jaba use apane AzrayadAtA khemasiMha sAhU ko samarpita kiyA to unhoMne kavi ko dvIpadvIpAntaroM se lAye gaye vividha vastrAbhUSaNAdi bheMTa-svarUpa pradAna kiye the.6 isase pratIta hotA hai ki sAhU khemasiMha tathA anya logoM kA vyApAra videzoM meM bhI calatA thA tathA uccakoTi ke kapar3e tathA sonA-cA~dI hIrA-motiyoM Adi sAmagriyoM kA praryApta mAtrA meM AyAta-niryAta kiyA jAtA thA. nagara-varNana kI dRSTi se mahAkavi raidhU ne apanI prazastiyoM meM gvAliyara kA bar3A sundara varNana kiyA hai. usake samaya meM vahA~ kA vaibhava apane yauvana para thA. vahA~ ke kalApUrNa bhavana evaM jina mandira, jana-kolAhala se paripUrNa sundara sar3akeM, sone-cAMdI evaM hIre motiyoM se bhare hue bAjAra, sthAna-sthAna para nirmita dAna zAlAe~, caTazAlAe~ Adi kisI ke bhI mana ko moha sakatI thIM. samRddha vyApArI-varga dharma evaM sAhitya kI sevA meM sadaiva AgragAmI rahatA thA. gvAliyara meM vidvAnoM, kaviyoM kA nivAsa sthAna thA. samAja meM unheM khUba pratiSThA evaM sammAna prApta hotA thA. nagaravadhue~ jaba prabhAtI gIta evaM pUjana-bhajana ke sundara padya madhura svara laharI se gAtI huI nikalatIM to nagara meM zAnti kA sAmrAjya chA jAtA thA. ise dekhakara kavi svayaM hI Atmavibhora ho uThatA thA. sarva guNa-sampanna hone ke kAraNa kavi ko gvAliyara ke liye 'paNDita' kI upAdhi denI par3I. vaha kahatA hai ki-'pRthvI maNDala meM pradhAna, devendroM ke mana meM bhI Azcarya utpanna kara dene vAlA, vizAla toraNoM evaM zikharoM se yukta yaha gopAcala nagara aisA lagatA hai mAnoM paNDita zreSTha gopAcala ho." Age calakara kavi ne gvAliyara-nagara kA bar3A hI sundara evaM vizada varNana kiyA hai.8 gvAliyara ko 1. dekhiye-sukauzala carita 3-18-11. 2. dekhiye-asukausala0 4 / 7 / 6. 3. dekhiye-mehesara0 1148. 4. dekhiye-mehesara0 za4/6. 5. dekhiye-pumcriu.1|3|10. 6. dekhiye---pAsaNAha07/1015-6. 7. dekhiye--pAsaNaha0 112 / 15-16. 8. dekhiye-pAsaNAha0 113 / 1-14. Kai 153 ASTRA vi Jain Education Interracial www.irigelibrary.org
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________________ 662 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : tRtIya adhyAya paNDita zreSTha kI saMjJA dekara bhI kavi ko jaba pUrNa santoSa na huA taba usane punaH use zreSThatamanagaroM kA guru bhI use mAna liyA. kavi ke ukta nagara- vaibhava ke varNana kI zailI evaM paramparA nagara ke aitihAsika tathya ko vyakta karane kI dRSTi se to apanA vizeSa mahattva rakhatI hI hai lekina isase bhI jyAdA mahattva isa bAta meM hai ki vaha paravarttI sAhityakAroM ke liye eka preraNA kA janaka bana gayA. jo siddhahasta kavi the, ve usase anuprANita hue tathA jo navazikSita athavA nava dIkSita the. usakA unhoMne zabdazaH anukaraNa kiyA. mahAkavi raghu ke lagabhaga 40 - 50 varSa bAda hI eka mANikkarAja ( vi0 saM0 1576) nAma ke kavi hue haiM, jinhoMne apabhraMsa meM 'amarasena cariu' nAmaka kAvya likhA thA. usake prazasti-khaNDa meM unhoMne bhI nagara varNana kiyA hai. ukta kavi ne 4-6 zabda badala kara mahAkavi raidhU kA gvAliyara nagaravarNana pUrA kA pUrA AtmasAta kara liyA. 2 ra isI prakAra 'paNDita zreSTha' dekhiye kavi ne isa prakAra gopAcala kI caraNaraja lekara apane ko pavitra mAnane vAlI suvarNarekhA nadI kA camatkAra bhI varNita kiyA hai : sohaNaM yadi jAva NaM tomaraziva purANa Apa tAiva sohiu govAyalakkhu, NaM bhajja samANa uM NAhu dakkhu / sovararrekha gai jahiM sahae, sajjaNa vayaNu va sA jalu vahae / -pAsaNAha0 1 / 3 / 15-16 - mehesara 12414 Ajakala vahI mahAbhAgA suvarNarekhA nadI sUkhakara mAnoM kaoNTA bana gaI hai. Aja vahI eka nadI ke nAma para bailagAr3I ke rAste mAtra ke rUpa meM bacI hai. 3 To the eastside the denseness the houses is interested by the broad bed of the Suvernrekha or golden streak rivulet, which being generally dry, form some of the principal thoroughfares of the city (of Lashkar) and is almost the only one passable by Carts." eka ora gvAliyara nagara jahA~ artha evaM kalA ke vaibhava kA dhanI thA, dUsarI ora vaha prakRti kA prAGgaNa bhI banA huA yA. vahA~ ke navIna, vana, upavana, vizAla sarovara, hare-bhare maidAna, sarovaroM meM pUjane vAle kalahaMsa vAcikAoM meM krIr3A karane vAle nara-nArI sabhI ke manoM ko moha lete the. eka jagaha to kavi ne bar3I hI sundara kalpanA kI hai. usake anusAra nagara ke 'bhavana bhavana nahIM, rAjA DUMgarasiMha kI santati paramparA hI thI.' kavi kA bhAva dekhiye kitanA gUr3ha hai, eka tIra se do lakSyoM kI siddhi usane kI hai. bhavanoM kI kalAtmaka bhavyatA kA digdarzana evaM dUsarI ora rAjA rAjA ke yaza kA sthirIkaraNa. mahAkavi raghu ne apanI prazastiyoM meM apane samakAlIna do rAjAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai tomaravaMzI rAjA DUMgarasiMha evaM unake putra rAjA kIrti siMha. gvAliyara rAjya ke nirmAtAoM meM inakA atyanta mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai. DUMgarasiMha jaisA vIra-parAkramI, dhairyazAlI, prajAvatsala, dhArmika, udAra, niSpakSa, pragatizIla, sAhitya rasika evaM kalApremI rAjA dUsarA nahIM huA. vaha rAjya ke sukha evaM samRddhi kA janaka thA. vahA~ ke raidhU kAlIna jaina sAhitya evaM kalA ke vikAsa kA sArA zreya usIko hai. mahAkavi raidhU ke varNana ke anusAra DUMgarasiMha kA samaya 'suvarNakAla' hI thA yaha sthiti use paramparA se prApta huI ho aisI bAta nahIM. usane kA~ToM se bharA-pUrA tAja apane sira para rakhA thA. mugaloM evaM unake pUrva ke zatru 1. dekhiye-pAsaNA0 1 / 3 / 17-18. 2. dekhiye -- DA0 kastUracandra jI kAzalIvAla dvArA sampAdita "prazasti-saMgraha (jayapura 1650) pRSTha 80-81. 3. See Murrys Northern India Vol. I pages 381-382. 4. dekhiye - sammatta0 1131-5. 5. dekhiye - mehesara0 1/4/5. - ae vary.org
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________________ rAjArAma jaina : raidhU-sAhitya kI prazastiyoM meM aitihAsika va sAMskRtika sAmagrI : 663 rAjAoM ne apane AkramaNoM se gvAliyara ko jarjara kara diyA thA. usake samaya meM caturdika anizcita paristhitiyoM kA vAtAvaraNa thA. aisI sthiti meM rAjA DUMgara siMha ko rAjagaddI milI thI. anekoM rAtriyA~ ghor3e kI pITha para hI kATane ke bAda usa naravyAghra ne apane kuzala parAkrama se zatruoM kA bala naSTa kara gvAliyara ke prajA-jIvana ke itihAsa kA eka . navIna adhyAya prArambha kiyA thA. raidhU-sAhitya meM isake pracura mAtrA meM ullekha milate haiM. eka sthAna para kavi ne likhA hai. tahiM tomara kulasiri rAyahaMsu, guNa gaNa rayaNAhasa laddhasaMsu / aNNAya NAya sAsaNa pavINu, paMcaMga maMta satyahaM pavINu / arirAya uratthali diNNa dAhu, samaraMgaNi pattau vijayalAhu / khaggaggi Dahiya je micchavaMsu, jasa Uriya Uriya je disaMtu / Niva paTTAlaMkiya viula bhAlu, atuliya bala khalakula palayakAlu / siri zivagaNesa NaMdaNu payaMDu, NaM gorakkhaNa vihiNauvasaMDu / sattaMga rajja bhara diNNa khaMDu, sammANadANa tosiya sabaMdhu / karabAla paTTi viSphuriya jIhu, pavaMta Nivai gayadalaNa sIhu / / rAjA DUMgara siMha kA darabAra sabhI ke liye samAna rUpa se khulA rahatA thA. prajA kA koI bhI dhanI yA garIba vyakti unake sammukha jAkara apane duHkha-sukha kI bAteM sunA sakatA thA. pichale eka sthala para saMghapati kamala siMha ke sAtha ghaTita eka ghaTanA kA ullekha kiyA hI jA cukA hai. usase yaha spaSTa vidita ho jAtA hai ki vaha kevala talavAra kA dhanI evaM lar3AkU mAtra hI na thA apitu prajA ke sukha-duHkha kA saccA sahabhAgI, sAttvika evaM sAhitya premI bhI thA. isase bhI bar3ha kara jo eka navIna bAta jJAta hotI hai vaha yaha ki vaha itihAsavettA bhI thA. kalpanA kIjiye 500 varSa pahale ke yuga kI jaba ki yAtAyAta ke Aja jaise suvidhAjanaka evaM zIghragAmI sAdhanoM kI usa samaya kalpanA bhI na thI phira bhI DUMgara siMha ne saikar3oM mIla dUra sthita soraTha, AbU tathA dillI Adi ke itihAsa kI jAnakArI prApta kI thI tathA una-una rAjyoM ke AdarzoM se preraNAe~ letA rahA. yaha kaha sakanA to kaThina hai ki mahAkavi raidhU unake guru the kintu itanA to nizcita hI hai ki vaha raidhU kA sammAna karatA thA tathA unheM durga meM rahane ke liye sarvasukha-sampanna nivAsa sthAna diyA thA jaisA ki pUrva meM likhA hI jA cukA hai. unakI satsaMgati meM rahakara hI rAjA ne Atmika evaM bauddhika vikAsa ke sAtha hI yadi itihAsa kI jAnakArI bhI prApta kI ho to yaha asambhava nahIM. kavi DUMgara siMha se svayaM hI atyanta prabhAvita thA. usakI nItimattA, kalAprema parAkrama evaM ekacchatra rAjya kI sthApanA kA varNana karate hue kavi ne likhA hai.2 NIi taMragiNI NAvai sAyaru, sayala kalAlau Navi dosAyaru / ve pakvujjalu Niyapaya pAlau, mliccha gariMda baMsa khaya kAlau / eyacchattu rajju rajju jijo bhuMjaI, muNiyaNa viMdaha dANe raMjai / DUMgara siMha kI paTTarAnI kA nAma thA caMdAde. usase eka putra utpanna huA jisakA nAma thA kIrtisiMha. bala, parAkrama evaM dhArmika-kAryoM meM vaha apane pitA se kama na thA. kavi ne usake sambandha meM likhA hai : tahu NaMdaNu Niruvamu guNa NihANu, teyaggalu NaM paMcakkhu bhANu / NaM Navau NasaMkaru puhami nAu, jaM jaya sirIe payaDiyau bhAu / siri kittisiMdhu NAmeM gariTa, NaM caMdu kalAyaru jaya maNiTTa / 1. dekhiye-paasnnaah01|4|1-12. 2. dekhiye- mehesara0 11551-3. 3. dekhiye-pAsaNAha0115.1. 4. dekhiye-mehesara0 115 / 3-5. Jain EducPRALES INTERN.org
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________________ 664 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya tomara kula kamala viyAsa mitta, dubAra vairi saMgara atittu / dUMgara Niva rajja dharA samatthu, vaMdIyaNa samadhiya bhUrizvatthu / caurAya vijja pAlaNa ataMdu, Nimmala jasaballI bhuvaNa kaMdu / kali cakkavaTTI pAyaDa NihANu, siri kittisiMdhu mahavai phaannu|' zrI DA. hemacandrarAya kA isa viSaya meM kathana dRSTavya hai :2 Karan Singh was a Vigorous rular as his father Raja Dungarsingh. He extended the boundaries of his Kingdom by fresh conquest and maintained cordial relations with the King of Delhi. In 1465 A. D. he was attacked by Hussain, the Sharqui King of Jaunpur, but a treaty of mutual friendship was soon concluded between them. When Bahlol Lodi, the energetic Afghan King of Delhi took the offensive against Hussain in 1478. Karan Singh rendered valuable assistance to the later. The arms of Bahlol Lodihow ever, triumphed and he annexed the Jaunpur kingdom. He was deeply incensed against Karan Singh for having aided Hussain. After the conquest of Jaunpur Bahlol attacked tha chief of Dhaulpur, who purchased his safety by offering a Cash Nazar (najara yA naz2arAnA). Bahlol now bore down on Gwalior with an army of two lacs, well mounted and well armed Karan Singh could not muster a force of even one half the number of the invadors and was therefore obliged to follow the example of Dhaulpur to escape molestation. However he shook off the yoke as soon as Bahlol was known to be busy elsewhere. In 1479 A. D. Karan Singh passed away and was succeeded by Kalyan Singh who ruled for a period of 7 years. bhaTTArakoM kI paramparA meM raidhU ne apanI racanAoM kI prazastiyoM meM vijayasena guNakIti (vi0 saM0 1468-73) yaza:kIti (vi0 saM0 1486-67), kSemakIrti, hemakIti (vi0 saM0 1466) kumArasena (1506-30) kamalakIti (vi0 saM0 1506-10) tathA unake ziSya zubhacandra (vi0 saM0 1506-30) kA ullekha kiyA hai. inameM se bhaTTAraka yazaHkIti evaM bhaTTAraka zubhacandra ko kavi ne gururUpa meM smaraNa kiyA hai. bha0 zubhacandra kA paricaya dene ke liye kavi ne eka bar3I hI aitihAsika ghaTanA kA ullekha kiyA hai, vaha yaha ki unake guru bha0 kamalakIrti ne kanakAdri (sonAgira ma0 pra0) para eka bhaTTArakIya gaddI kI sthApanA kI thI jisakA paTTadhara bha0 zubhacandra ko hI banAyA gayA thA. kavi kI isa sUcanA se yaha spaSTa hai ki sonAgira usa samaya vidyA kA bar3A bhArI kendra bana gayA thA. bha. yaza:kIrti ke sambandha meM kavi ne likhA hai ki 'unhoMne mujhe AzIrvAda ke sAtha gurumaMtra diyA jisakI kRpA se maiM kavi bana gayA.'5 pUrvavartI sAhitya evaM sAhityakAroM meM kavi ne devanandi evaM unakA jainendra vyAkaraNa jinasena evaM unakA mahApurANa raviseNa evaM unakI rAmAyaNa, pavizena (vajrasena ?) evaM unakA SaDdarzana, surasena (devasena ?) evaM unakA meghezvara carita, dinakarasena evaM unake anaMga carita kA ullekha karate hue mahAkavi svayambhU, caumuha evaM puSpadanta kA atyanta sammAna pUrvaka smaraNa kiyA hai. kavi ke ukta ullekhoM se do bAtoM kI sUcanA spaSTa milatI hai. prathama to yaha 1. dekhiye-samyaktva kaumurda, antya prazasti. 2. dekhiye-The Romance of the fort of Gwalior Page 19-20. 3. kIrti siMha kA hI dUsarA nAma karana siMha hai. 4. dekhiye, haribaMsa011212-13. 5. dekhiye, mehesr01|38. Jain Ede
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________________ rAjArAma jaina : raddadhU- sAhitya kI prazastiyoM meM aitihAsika va sAMskRtika sAmagrI : 665 ki kavi ne apanI racanA ke lekhana kAla meM ukta sAhitya evaM sAhityakAroM ko apane sammukha eka Adarza ke rUpa meM rakhA hai tathA dUsarA yaha ki kavi ne apanI racanAoM meM jo kucha bhI likhA hai vaha saba usane paramparA ke anusAra hI likhA hai Agama viruddha nahIM. isa prakAra ukta sUcanAoM se yaha spaSTa hI vidita ho jAtA hai ki 14-15 vIM sadI (vi0 saM0 1450 - 1536 ) ke isa mahAkavi ne sAhitya jagat meM kaisA adbhuta kArya kiyA hai. sAhitya ke sAtha itihAsa kA samanvaya kara usane sAhitya samAja evaM rASTra kI bahumukhI amUlya sevA kI hai. madhya bhArata ke sambandha meM unakI sUcanAe~ atyanta navIna evaM maulika haiM. inake AdhAra para vahA~ kA eka sAMgopAMga, vizada evaM prAmANika rAjanaitika, sAMskRtika, dhArmika tathA mUrti evaM sthApatyakalA kA sundara itihAsa taiyAra ho sakatA hai. vistAra ke bhaya se prastuta nibandha atyanta saMkSepa meM sikhanA par3A hai. isIlie isameM pUrNa sAmagrI bhI upasthita nahIM kI jA sakI hai. yadyapi kucha vizeSa dikkatoM ke kAraNa dhU ke sabhI jJAta hastalikhita granthoM meM se kucha graMtha bhI mujhe upalabdha nahIM ho sake, kintu jo mila gaye unhIM ke AdhAra para ukta lekha eka bAnagI ke rUpa meM sahRdaya pAThakoM kI sevA meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai. kavi kI sabhI racanAe~ aprakAzita haiM tathA durbhAgya se unakI sabhI pratilipiyA~ eka hI sthAna para saMgrahIta nahIM haiM, deza ke vividha zAstrabhaNDAroM meM ikke-dukke yatra-tatra bikhare par3e haiM. vahA~ se AsAnI se upalabdha kara unakA pUrNa upayoga kiyA jA sake aisI suvidhAe~ bhI zodhakoM ke lie abhI sambhava nahIM ho sakIM. ukta kavi ke sAhitya para abhI kisI kA vizeSa dhyAna bhI nahIM gayA hai ataH prAyaH sabhI prakAra ke sAdhanoM ke abhAvoM meM bhI yahAM jo likhA gayA, yaha eka sAhasI prayAsa hI hai. AzA hai sAhitya jagat isase eka aprakAzita mahAkavi kA mUlyAMkana zIghra hI karegA.
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________________ ratnacandra agravAla adhyakSa, purAtattva va saMgrahAlaya vibhAga, udayapura dhaulapura kA cAhamAna 'caNDamahAsena' kA saMvat 898 kA zilAlekha balina se prakAzita ZDMG (aMka 40, pR0 38 tathA Age) nAmaka jarmana-patrikA meM DaoN halza ne Einc Inschriptedes Chauhan chandamahasena von Dholpur zIrSaka lekha prakAzita kiyA thA. jisake aMtargata ve bharatapura ke samIpavartI kSetra 'dhaulapura' se prApta saMvat 868 (842 IsavI) kA zilAlekha prakAza meM lAe the. prastuta zilAlekha kI 26 paMktiyA~ 'saMskRta' bhASA meM utkIrNa haiM. isameM cauhAna kulotpanna Isuka ke putra mahiSarAma kA ullekha kara mahiSarAma ke putra caNDamahAsena kI paryApta stuti kI hai aura usake dvArA caNDasvAmI devabhavana kI pratiSThA kA samaya bhI prastuta kiyA hai| prathama do zlokoM meM sUrya-stuti kI gaI hai, taduparAnta Isuka (zloka 3), usake putra mahiSarAma (zloka 4-5) kA ullekha hai. mahiSarAma kI strI 'kaNhullA' ne caNDamahAsena ko janma diyA thA aura kAlAntara meM apane pati ke sAtha satI ho gaI thI (bhartR sametA pravizyAgnau divaMgatA-zloka 6) caNDamahAsena udArahRdaya kA vyakti thA aura usake rAjyakAla meM prajA prasanna evaM sukhI thI, usakA rAjya nyAyapUrNa thA. vaha sambhavataH sUryopAsaka thA kyoMki zilAlekha ke prArambha meM hI sUrya vandanA kI gaI hai aura usane 'dhavalapurI' (dhaulapura, paMkti 18-20) meM 'caNDasvAmi' kA bhavana banavAyA thA. isakI pratiSThA saMvat 898 ke vaizAkha mAsa kI zuklapakSIya dvitIyA, dina ravivAra ko sampanna huI [paMkti 21-22] arthAt 16 apraila 842 I0 ko. prastuta lekha kI 16 vIM paMkti meM 'cambala' nadI ke kinAre base [carmaNvatI] mlecchoM ke svAmI ko caNDamahAsena ke adhIna batAkara yaha likhA hai ki 'anijjita Adi samIpavartI grAmAdhIza [pallIpatayaH, paMkti 17] nIcA sira kie dhaulapura [dhavalapurI] nagara meM ghUmate the.' kheda hai ki anijjita Adi ke viSaya meM koI adhika jAnakArI nahIM hai. aparaM ca mleccha Adi kI pahacAna bhI kaThina pratIta hotI hai. isa sambandha meM DA0 eca0 sI0 re [DAinasTika hisTrI Apha nardana iNDiyA, kalakattA, bhAga 2, 1636, pR0 1058] kA yaha sujhAva hai ki 'mleccha' zabda prArambhika arabAkrAmakoM [Early Arabs] kA sUcaka hai. isake viparIta DA0 dazaratha zarmA [arlI cauhAna DAinesTIja, dillI, pR0 18] kA vicAra hai ki 'mlecchoM' se kSetra ke bhIla-janasamudAya kI pahacAna honI cAhie kyoMki 'zabdArthacitAmaNi, [bhAga 3, pR0 441] meM inakI gaNanA mlecchoM meM kI gaI hai-mallabhillakirAtAzca sarvepi mlecchajAtayaH. DA0 zarmA ke anusAra ye Aja bhI cambala ke donoM kinAroM para base haiM. sambhava hai ki isa kSetra ke upadravI loga ina mlecchoM ke hI vaMzaja hoM. prastuta lekha dhaulapura kSetra ke pUrva madhyayugIna itihAsa ke liye adhika upayogI hai aura uparyukta jarmana patrikA rAjasthAna ke kisI bhI pustakAlaya meM prApya nahIM hai. ataH rAjasthAna ke prAcIna itihAsa ke premiyoM evaM vidyArthiyoM ke adhyayana hetu ZDMG ke saujanya se usakI pratilipi' nimnarUpeNa prastuta kI jA rahI hai : paMkti 1. oM oM namaH [1] zrImAM trailokyadIpaH praNatajamamAnA vAMchitasyoha dAtA. nityaM loke padArtha prakaTanapaTavo bhAnavo yasya dIpta / / sAdhyante satva [...........] 1. ukta pratilipi mere mitra TA0 prabhAta, prAdhyApaka hindI vibhAga, bambaI ne sthAnIya vizvavidyAlaya meM surakSita patrikA se nakala karake bhejI thI. jisake liye meM unakA ati AbhArI hUM. .......7. IISEO)2 JainE elibrary.org
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________________ ratnacandra agravAla : dhaulapura kA cAhamAna 'caNDamahAsena' kA saMvat 818 kA zilAlekha : 667 paMkti 2. pratapati bhuvane mokSadharmArthasArAH [i] bhAsvAn padmAlayAdaH sakalabhUmito maMgala vaH prakuryAt / / [1] viprAH samunayo devAH saMdhyAyAM yamupAsate / sa zrI3. caNDamahAsenaM bhAskaro vyAdvArapradaH / / [2] AsIdanekaguNavRndanivAsabhUmiH saumyakRpAluranagho vijitArivargaH / mAnI zuciH praNayI pUritacinti 4. tAza: zrI Isuka kRtayugAnukAra svabhAvaH [3] tasyAmuddAnamAnAnagharaNavijayopajitAzeSakIti: [1] vidvanmArga pravRtto nijakulatilakaH kSINa5. nizzeSazatruH [1] dhImAn dhIro dharAyAM prathitabahuguNaprINitAzeSadevaH [3] putro rAmAnukArI jagati mahiSarAma: svbhaavvishaalaiH|| [4] tasyAsIddhima6. lA priyA surucirA tanmI manohAriNI [1] daurgatyorutamogatA janAnutA saumyaalNkaarshubhaa| sA zrIkA nijavaMza__zambhu zirazcUDAmaNitvaM gatA 7. kaNhullA navacandramUrtisadRzI lAvaNyakAntyAvRtA / / [5] sA zrIcaNDamahAsenaM putra putrArthasAdhakaM / prasUya bhartR sametA pravizyAgnau divaM gatA / / [6] yastyAgAsthira8. tAdibhirguNaNatoraMkAdhivAsakRtAH [1] yaM vidveSigaNa praNamya labhate pUrvAtiriktAM dyuti / sa zrIcaNDamahIpati zciramasau nyAyena rakSan kSiti [a] vyAjjI6. vati janaH paizunyazUnyaM sukhaM / / [7] zyAmazaktiyuto vizAlanayano vizrAmabhumi satAM [1] savyaH saMgatavRddhidaH sucaritaiH khyAtigataH sdgunnH| [pra]10. dhvastArigaNaH pratApanikazaH mArgasatAM saMsthitaH / sAdRzyaM hariNA paraM sa ha gataH zIcaNa nAmA nRpaH [8] AdI tanurvitatara khalu madhyadeze [1] yenAnabartanagu---- 11. NaH skhalitopi yAyI [1] zrI 'vAhavANa varabhUpati cAruvaMzo gaMgAmbuvAhasadRzo nanu mANatAnta / / [6] prasAdhana vidhau yena vihiSa: karapo [taka:] saMko [ci | tAsva12. kAntAnAmalakA iva lIlayA / / [10] anavaratalakSahemaja [dhUmAkula] gaganamadhyaparivattimUhyati paraM svamArgo bhAskara rathasArathI' yasya / / [11] rAhu paro13. dhaparvaNi godazazaMta viprapradAnena / lakSmI pravarddhate'laM vidhinA bhuktaM iti parituSTA / / [12] saMkrAntAvayanadau viprebhyo yaddadAti tuSTamanAH / 14. vismitahRdayo vidhirapi tenAste ki punarloka / / [13] vyatpadyante yasya pratidinamAbhinavarasA navAbhyAdhikAH / - [a] nodhavidAM samya [ka pre] -kSaNake 15. nityayuktAnAM / / [14] abhiyuktatara dvijavedAdhyayana zravaNabhUribhayabhItaM / mUrkhahRdayavatpApaM maDhaukato yasya gRha bhUmau / / [15] ana [va] ra [ta] vara tu [raMgamavA]16. hanalIlA rasAhatorugiri / urdhvaM gacchan janayati[..........] zaMkAM ratha yasya / / [16] carmaNyatItaTadvaya saMsthita-mlecchAdhipAH pravara zUrAH IpsitaraNA: 17. pranatA sevAM kurvanti yasyAnu / / [17] yasya pratApasiddhA: pallIpatayo hyanijita pramukhAH [1] gurubhArakrAntA _ iva bhramanti nagare vinamitAMgA [18] 1. arthAt 'aruNa' sArathI. carAhamahAsena sUryopAsaka thA. isa zilAlekha meM usake lie kevala carATa' zabda kA bhI upayoga kiyA gayA hai. prathama paMkti meM trailekyadIpa to sUrya kA paricAyaka hai. JainEecklioni JGary.org
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________________ 668 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya paMkti 18. zrI caNDamahAsena pracaNDaripudarpasAtanaH sa iha / dhavalapurIto' vrajati (ca) AheTaka kautukatvena / / (16) a [Ta] vI dRSTA ceyaM khaNIyA ramya16. vRkSaguNayogAt / viSamataradurgagahanA pratidinamabhigacchatA tena // (20) sAdUlasiMghazUkaravRkahariNa zivAkulA bhiimaa| A20. sanna-sthita-salilA yogyA devaaly-sdaa|| (21) zAbhatara kRta puNyodaya samAjjitA'zeSadravyanicayena. caNDasvAmi niveza [zca] 21. NDena kRta pracaNDena // (22) vasunavASTauvarSA (:) gatasya kAlasya vikramAkhyasya vaizAkhasya sitAyAM ravivAra yutadvitIyAyAM / / (23) candre ro22. hiNIsaMyukte lagne siMghasya zobhane yoge sakalakRtamaMgalasya hyabhUtpratiSThAsya bhavanasya / / (24) gambhIra vipulaM zubhAsayamalaM. 23. sattApahRtsevitaM [1] jaMtUnAM manasaH prasAdajananaM sevyaM zubhaM nirmalaM // koveyAM dizi saMsthitaM ca sumahat zreSTha taTAkaM tataH ci24. tasyeha satAM vibhAti sadRzaM tenaive tattAnitaM / / (25) yatkIrtyAM jagati prakAzitamalaM tatroru zubhra yaM saH [1] nAnApakSigaNA ravaM: zruti25. sukhaizcaNDasya tadgIyate. pUrveNApi zilA ca yaH sughaTitarbaddhA vizAlA dRr3hAH [1] vANI tasya vibhAti puNya nicayasyAM zronidhiH 26. sAzvataH / / (26) AmrAlI nimvapaMktirvaravAkulayutA campakA zigrusajjAH [1] sajjAtI mallikAnAM satata kusumitA paMktayaH caTpadastha [1] kheda hai ki uparyukta zilAlekha kI Adhunika sthiti kA kucha bhI patA nahIM hai. vAstava meM samUce dhaulapura va bharatapura kSetra meM praryApta zodha-khoja-kArya honA cAhie. taba hI usa kSetra ke prAraMbhika purAtattva evaM itihAsa kA samucita mUlyAMkana ho sakatA hai. rAjasthAna kA yaha pradeza ati mahattvapUrNa hai aura isake purAtattvIya sthaloM kI khoja nitAntAvazyaka hai. 1. arthAt 'dhaulapura. isa nagarI kA vRtta Age diyA gayA hai. 2. arthAt caNDamahAsena kA iSTadeva 'caNDasvAmI' kA sUrya maMdira. 3. arthAt vikrama saMvat. 4. kAla evaM ThIka samaya kI gaNanA yahA~ samApta hotI hai. 21 vI paMkti meM saMvat to aMkoM ke sthAna para akSaroM meM aMkita hai (arthAt vikrama saMvat 868-042 I0). siMha ke sthAna para siMgha zabda kA prayoga bhI mahattvapUrNa hai. 5. pratilipi meM yatra tatra kucha azuddhiyA~ pratIta hotI haiM. inheM ThIka karanA Avazyaka hai.
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________________ paM0 bhagavAnadAsa jaina, zAstrI prAcIna vAstuzilpa 'vAstuzilpa' prAcIna bhAratIya saMskRti kA eka pradhAna aMga hai. isa viSaya ke aneka graMtha vidyamAna hone para bhI unakA adhyayana na hone se adhika pracAra nahIM ho sakA hai. prAcIna devAlayoM, rAjaprAsAdoM, durgoM, nagaroM, gAMvoM, kuvoM, vAvar3iyoM aura sarovara Adi kI manohara sundara AkRti dekhakara ke apanA mana praphullita ho jAtA hai. yahI prAcIna vAstuzilpa hai. jainAgamoM meM bhI cakravartiyoM aura devoM ke bhavanoM kA vistRta va suMdara varNana hai. inakoM banAne vAle ko 'sthapati' athavA 'sUtradhAra' kahA jAtA hai, jo Adhunika devAlaya aura makAna Adi ke banAne vAle, lakar3I ke kAma karane vAle bar3haI aura miTTI ke bartana Adi banAne vAle kumhAra Adi ke rUpa meM vidyamAna haiM. jainAgamoM meM cakravartI ke caudaha mahAratnoM meM eka vAdhikIratna bhI hotA hai. yaha sUtradhAra hai jo cakravartI kI icchAnusAra unake manapasaMda kI imArata zIghra hI taiyAra kara detA hai. isako 'vizvakarmA bhI kahA gayA hai. pracalita meM to devoM ke bhavana Adi banAne vAloM ko vizvakarmA kahate haiM. aise imAratI kAma karanevAle zilpiyoM kI vizvakarmA ke nAmakI dakSiNa deza meM eka jAti bhI vidyamAna hai, isalie vAstuzilpa ke kAma karanevAle ko vizvakarmA ke nAma se saMbodhana kiyA jAya to koI atizayokti nahIM hai. prANiyoM ke nivAsasthAna ko vAstu kahA gayA hai. usakI utpatti ke viSaya meM vAstuzilpa ke prAcIna 'aparAjita pRcchA' nAmaka bRhat graMtha meM likhA hai ki-aMdhakAsura kA vinAza karane ke liye mahAdevajI ko yuddha karanA par3A. isake parizrama se mahAdevajI ke kapAla se pasIne kA eka bidu bhUmi ke Upara agnikuMDa meM girA. isase eka mahAkAya bhUta utpanna huA. use devoM ne auMdhA paTaka diyA aura usake Upara paitAlIsa deva car3ha baiThe aura rahane lage. ina devoM kA mahAkAya bhUta ke Upara nivAsa hone se usako vAstupuruSa mAnA gayA. isalie gRhAdi ke AraMbha meM aura samApti meM ina devoM kA pUjana pracalita huA jo vAstupUjana ke nAma se prasiddha hai. vAstuzilpa jAnane ke liye aparAjitapRcchA, samarAMgaNasUtradhAra, prAsAdamaMDana, zilparatnam, mayamatam aura parimANamaMjarI Adi aneka graMtha mudrita hue haiM. jaina vAstuzilpa ke 'vatthusArapayaraNa' aura 'jinasaMhitA' Adi mukhya graMtha haiM. vatyusArapayaraNa meM prathama gRhaprakaraNa, dUsarA mUrtiprakaraNa aura tIsarA devAlayaprakaraNa hai. jinasaMhitA meM devAlaya aura mUrti nirmANa kA varNana hai. isameM prAsAda kI caudaha jAtiyoM meM se drAvir3a jAti ke prAsAda kA varNana hai. yaha dAkSiNAtya paddhati kA hone se sarvadezIya nahIM bana sakA. AcArya zrI vasunaMdI kRta pratiSThAsAra meM jo devAlaya-nirmANa kA varNana hai, yaha nAgara jAti kA hone se sarva dezIya hai. mahala, makAna aura devAlaya-nirmANa ke samaya prathama bhUmiparIkSaNa kiyA jAtA hai. vatthusArapayaraNa meM likhA hai : 'diNatiga-bIappasavA cauraMsA'vammiNI aphuhA a| asallA bhU suhayA pujvesANutaraMbuvahA / vammaiNI vAhikarI UsarabhUmIi havaha rorakarI / aiphuTTA miccukarI dukkhakarI taha a sasallA / ' INTROVE Y ThTIMRALIATTAp , SIRCTOINTAITUANTUDIO MAIMIM. JIRAONTHIATR1110111...MUInHeadlinal /MAILOnline ...dillmu T RAINMDil Jain Education Intemational
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________________ 670 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya jisa bhUmi meM bIja bone se tIna dina meM aMkura nikala jAya aisI samacaurasa, dImaka rahita, vinA phaTI huI aura zalya rahita, tathA pUrva, IzAna aura uttara dizA kI tarapha nIcI bhUmi makAnAdi banAne ke liye prazasta hai. dImaka vAlI bhUmi vyAdhikAraka hai. Usara bhUmi upadravakAraka hai. adhika phaTI huI bhUmi mRtyukAraka aura zalyavAlI bhUmi duHkha kAraka hai. kisI bhI prANI kI haDDI, bAla Adi bhUmi meM raha jAnA zalya mAnA hai. usakI zuddhi ke liye kama se kama tIna phuTa bhUmi gaharI khodanI cAhiye. zAstra meM likhA hai-'manuSya kI haDDI kA zalya raha jAya to makAna mAlika kI mRtyu ho. gadhe kI haDDI kA zalya raha jAya to rAjadaMDa bhoganA par3e. kutte kA zalya raha jAya to bAlaka jIve nahIM. bAlaka kA zalya raha jAya to usa makAna meM mAlika kA nivAsa nahIM ho, gau kA zalya raha jAya to dhana kA vinAza ho, ityAdi aneka doSa zAstra meM likhe haiM. isakI zuddhi ke liye samarAMgaNasUtradhAra vAstugraMtha meM likhA hai : 'jalAntaM prastarAntaM vA puruSAntamathApi vaa| kSetra saMzodhya coddha tya zalyaM sadanagArabhet / ' pAnI A jAya athavA pASANa A jAya vahA~ taka athavA eka puruSa pramANa bhUmi ko khoda karake koI zalya hove to nikAla denA cAhie tatpazcAt usa bhUmi ke Upara gRha banAnA cAhie. pIche jaise lar3ake-lar3akiyoM ke vivAha meM rAzi, gaNa, nAr3I Adi kA milAna kiyA jAtA hai vaise bhUmi kA kSetraphala, Aya, vyaya, rAzi, gaNa, nAr3I Adi gRhasvAmI ke sAtha milAye jAte haiM. usI ke anusAra acche zubha muhUrta meM caMdramA Adi kA bala dekha karake makAna taiyAra kiyA jAtA hai. dhana, mIna, mithuna aura kanyA ina sUrya kI rAziyoM meM kabhI bhI gRha kA AraMbha nahIM kiyA jAtA. gRhabhUmi kI laMbAI aura caur3AI kA guNAkAra karane se jo guNanaphala ho usako kSetraphala kahA jAtA hai. usako ATha se bhAga dene para jo zeSa bace vaha gRha kA 'Aya' hotA hai. kSetraphala ko phira ATha se guNA karake usameM sattAIsa se bhAga dene para jo zeSa bace vaha gRha kA 'nakSatra' hotA hai. jo nakSatra kI saMkhyA Ave usako ATha se bhAga dene se jo zeSa bace vaha 'vyaya' mAnA jAtA hai. Aya ke aMka se vyaya kara aMka kama ho to vaha ghara lakSmIprada mAnA hai. zAlA, alida (tivArA), dIvAra, staMbha, maMDapa, jAlI aura gavAkSa Adi ke bhedoM se aneka prakAra ke gRha banAye jAte haiM. zAstra meM gRhoM ke solaha hajAra tIna sau caurAsI bheda batalAye haiM. . gRha ke cAroM dizAoM ke dvAroM ke nAma alaga-alaga hai-pUrva dizA ke dvAra kA nAma vijayadvAra, dakSiNa dizA ke dvAra kA nAma yamadvAra, pazcima dizA ke dvAra kA nAma makaradvAra aura uttara dizA ke dvAra kA nAma kubera dvAra hai. inameM se apanI icchAnusAra banA sakate haiM. gRha kA sthAna-vibhAga bhI batalAyA gayA hai--gRha kA jisa dizA meM dvAra ho usako pUrva dizA mAna karake vibhAga banAte haiM-dvAravAlI pUrva dizA meM jJAnazAlA, agnikone meM bhojana banAne kA sthAna, dakSiNa dizA meM zayana-gRha, naiRtyakone meM nihAra (zauca) sthAna, pazcima dizA meM bhojana karane kA sthAna, vAyu kone meM Ayudha rakhane kA sthAna, uttara meM dhana rakhane kA sthAna aura IzAna kone meM dharmasthAna rakhA jAtA hai. gRha ke prathama maMjila taka kI U~cAI pA~ca se sAta hAtha' taka rakhanA likhA hai. gRha kA vistAra jitane hAtha kA hove, usa saMkhyAtulya aMgula meM sATha aMgula milAne se jitanI saMkhyA Ae utane aMgula parimita dvAra kI U~cAI rakheM aura U~cAI se AdhI caur3AI rakheM. caur3AI kucha bar3hAnA cAhe to U~cAI kA solahavAM bhAga caur3AI meM milA sakate haiM. gRha ke saba dvAra, gavAkSa aura jAlI Adi kA mathAlA barAbara rakhA jAtA hai. 1. prAcIna samaya meM aMgula aura hAtha se nApane kI praNAlI thI, aMgrejI rAjya hone ke bAda iMca phuTa aura gaja Adi senApane ko praNAlI huI. isaliye Adhunika gRra banAne vAle zilpI aMgula ko eka iMca aura hAtha ko do phuTa mAna karake kArya karate haiM. Rainy brary.org Jain datinational
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________________ paM. bhagavAnadAsa jaina : prAcIna vAstuzilpa : 671 gRha meM praveza karane ke cAra prakAra batalAye haiM : 1. gRha kA dvAra aura prathama praveza dvAra, ye donoM eka hI dizA meM barAbara sAmane hoM to usako 'utsaMga' nAmakA praveza mAnA hai. yaha saubhAgyakAraka, prajAvRddhikAraka aura dhanadhAnya kA vRddhikAraka hai. 2. praveza dvAra se praviSTa hone ke bAda bA~yI ora ho karake mukhya gRha meM praveza ho to vaha 'hIna bAhu' nAma kA praveza mAnA hai. yaha svalpa dhana vAlA, svalpa mitra vAlA aura rogakAraka mAnA hai. 3. praveza dvAra se praviSTa hone ke bAda dAhinI ora hokara ke mukhya gRha meM praveza honA 'pUrNa bAhu' praveza mAnA hai. yaha dhana-dhAnya kI aura putrapautra kA vRddhi kAraka hai. 4. prathama gRha ke pIche kI dIvAra ko dekha karake pIche praveza hove yaha 'pratyakSAya' nAma kA praveza mAnA hai, yaha sarvathA niMdanIya hai. gRha kI U~cAI cAroM dizAoM meM barAbara rakhanA cAhie. yadi Age ke bhAga meM gRha U~cA ho aura tInoM dizAoM meM nIcA ho to vaha gRha dhana kA hAnikAraka hotA hai. dAhinI ora U~cA ho to dhana samRddhi bar3hAne vAlA mAnA hai. pIche ke bhAgameM U~cA ho to samRddhi bar3hAne vAlA hai aura bA~yI aura U~cA ho to vaha gRha zUnya rahatA hai. gRha meM mukhya sAta prakAra ke vedha batalAye haiM--jaise : 'talaveha koNaveha tAluyavehaM kabAlavehaM ca / / taha thaMbha tulAvahaM duvAravehaM ca satamayaM / ' talavedha, koNavedha, tAluvedha, kapAlavedha, staMbhavedha, tulAvedha aura dvAravedha-ye sAta prakAra ke bedha hai. 1. gRha kI bhUmi sama viSama UMcI nIcI ho, dvAra ke sAmane ghAnI, arahaTa, kolhU Adi ho aura dUsare ke makAna kA pAnI kA paranAlA athavA rAstA ho to yaha talavedha mAnA jAtA hai. 2. makAna ke cAroM kone samAnAntara na hoM Age pIche hoM to vaha koNavedha hai. 3. makAna ke eka hI khaMDa meM Upara kI chata kI paTTiyA~ U~cI nIcI hoM to yaha tAluvedha mAnA hai. 4. dvAra ke otaraMga ke madhya bhAga meM pATa Ave to usako kapAlavedha kahate haiM. 5. gRha ke madhya bhAga meM eka staMbha ho athavA agni aura pAnI kA sthAna ho to yaha hRdayazalya athavA staMbha vedha kahA jAtA hai. 6. makAna ke nIce ke aura Upara ke maMjila ke paTiyA nyUnAdhika hoM to yaha tulAvedha mAnA hai. 7. makAna ke daravAje ke sAmane koI vRkSa, kuA~, staMbha, konA aura kIla Adi ho to yaha dvAravedha kahA jAtA hai. paratu makAna kI U~cAI se dugunI bhUmi chor3a karake uparyukta koI vedha ho to doSa nahIM mAnA jAtA. ina vedhoM kA phala vAstuzAstra vatthusArapayaraNa meM isa prakAra likhA hai 'talavehi kuTTharogA havaMti ucceya koNavehammi / tAluyabeheNa bhayaM kulakkhayaM thaMbhaveheNa / kApAlu tulAvehe dhaNanAso havai rorabhAvo / ia vehaphalaM nAuM suddhaM gehaM kareavvaM / ' talavedha se kuSTharoga, koNa vedha se uccATana, tAluvedha se bhaya, staMbha ke vedha se kulakSaya, kapAla aura tulAvedha se dhana kA vinAza aura daridra bhAva hotA hai. yaha bhI batalAyA gayA hai-dUsare ke makAna meM jAne ke liye apane makAna meM se rAstA ho to vinAzakAraka hai. vRkSa kA vedha ho to saMtAta kI vRddhi na ho. kIcar3a kA vedha ho to zoka huA karatA hai. paranAle kA vedha ho dhana kA vinAza Ah Jain Educa
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________________ 602 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya hotA hai. kuA~ kA vedha ho to apasmAra roga ho. ziva, sUrya Adi kisI deva kA vedha ho to gRhasvAmI kA vinAza hotA hai. staMbha kA vedha ho to strI ko kaSTadAyaka rahe. brahmA ke sAmane dvAra ho to kula kA vinAza ho. gRha ke samIpa kAMTevAle vRkSa hoM to zatru kA bhaya rahatA hai. dUdhavAle vRkSa hoM to lakSmI kA vinAza hotA hai aura phalavAle vRkSa hone se saMtAna vRddhi nahIM hotI. yaha bRhatsaMhitA graMtha meM kahA hai. makAna meM bijorA, kelA, dADima, nIMbU, amarUda, imalI, babbUla bera, aura pIlephUla vAle vRkSa ityAdi vRkSa nahIM bone cAhie. kyoMki ye vRkSa kula ke lie hAnikAraka mAne jAte haiM. makAna meM yoginiyoM ke nATyArambha, mahAbhArata, rAmAyaNa, rAjAoM ke yuddha, RSiyoM aura devoM ke caritra saMbaMdhI citra nahIM banAnA cAhie. parantu phalavAle vRkSoM, puSpoM kI latAoM, sarasvatI devI, navanidhAna yukta lakSmIdevI, kalaza, svastikAdi mAMgalika cihna aura acche svapnoM kI paMkti Adi ke citra banAnA cAhie. uparyukta jo vedha Adi saMbandhI doSa batalAte haiM ve donoM ke bIca meM dIvAra athavA rAste kA antara hone para doSa nahIM rahate. jisa makAna kA dvAra banda karane ke bAda apane Apa khula jAya athavA kholane ke bAda apane Apa baMda ho jAya to vaha azubha mAnA gayA hai. yahA~ vAstuzilpa kalA ke AdhAra para gRha sambandhI kucha guNa doSa batalAye haiM. yaha bhAratIya prAcIna saMskRti hai. Adhunika samaya meM zilpiyoM ko isakA abhyAsa nahIM hone se navIna paddhati se makAna banAne lage haiM. unameM doSoM kI saMbhAvanA hone se ve unnatikAraka nahIM ho sakate, yaha prAcIna zilpavidhAna kA abhimata hai. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ zrIanUpacanda nyAyatIrtha, sAhityaratna, jayapura 18vIM zatAbdI kI krAntikArI sAhityakAra: mahApaMDita ToDaramalajI mahApaMDita ToDaramalajI rAjasthAna ke krAMtikArI sAhityasevI the. ye 18 vIM zatAbdI ke prasiddha vidvAn evaM uccakoTi ke gadyasAhityakAra the. apanI apUrva evaM asAdhAraNa pratibhA ke kAraNa unheM 'mahApaMDita' ke nAma se pukArA jAtA hai. prAkRta evaM saMskRta bhASA para unakA pUrNa adhikAra thA, isalie jo kucha likhate use mAno yaMtravat likhate. ve kevala 28 varSa taka hI jIye kintu itane se alpa kAla meM hI unhoMne itanA adhika sAhitya raca DAlA ki jise dekhakara bar3ebar3e vidvAnoM ko dA~toMtale aMgulI dabAnI par3atI hai. inake samaya meM samAja meM koI prabhAvazAlI netA nahIM thA. bhaTTArakoM kA bhI samAja para koI khAsa prabhAva nahIM thA. ve vidvattA se zUnya hokara zithilAcAra ke poSaka bana gaye the. samAja ko eka nayI dizA kI AvazyakatA thI. vaha graMthoM kA svAdhyAya karanA cAhatI thI kiMtu prAkRta evaM saMskRta meM hone ke kAraNa ve unakI svAdhyAyazakti ke bAhara ho gaye the. samAja meM anya koI jabaradasta evaM pratibhAzAlI vidvAn nahIM thA jo use nayI dizA kI ora mor3a sake. yahI nahIM, vidvAn hone kI paraMparA ko bhI banda kiyA jAne lagA thA. strI-zikSA to nAma mAtra kI bhI nahIM rahI thI. maMdiroM kA upayoga svAdhyAya bhakti evaM pUjA pATha karane ke sAtha-sAtha jImane evaM tAza, caupar3a Adi khelane meM bhI hone lagA thA. janma :-aise saMkrAmaka kAla meM paMDita ToDaramalajI kA janma vi0 saM0 1797 meM jayapura ke prasiddha DholAkA vaMza meM huA. ye jAti ke khaMDelavAla evaM gotra se godIkA (bhAMvasA yA baDajAtyA) the. paMDita jI ke pitA kA nAma jogIdAsa evaM mAtA kA nAma raMbhAbAI thA. paMDitajI ke zabdoM meM hI apane mAtA-pitA kA nAmollekha dekhiye-- 'raMbhApati stuta-guna-janaka jAko jogIdAsa so hI mero prANa hai dhAre prakaTa prakAsa // ' inake pitA cAkasU ke rahane vAle the aura jayapura nagara kI sthApanA ke sAtha hI yahA~ Akara rahane lage the. zikSAH-prAraMbha se hI bAlaka ToDaramala kI zikSA evaM bauddhika vikAsa kA pUrA dhyAna rakhA gayA. unake adhyayana ke liye samucita prabaMdha kiyA gayA kintu ina kI vilakSaNa buddhi evaM adbhuta smaraNa zakti ke kAraNa apane zikSaka se bhI adhika jAna lete aura par3hAye hue pATha se bhI adhika unheM sunA dete. 10 varSa kI avasthA meM hI ye bar3e-bar3e siddhAMtagrantha samajhane lage. kahA jAtA hai, unheM par3hAne ko kAzI se jo vidvAn Aye the unase kevala chaha mAha meM sArA jainendravyAkaraNa par3ha DAlA. apanI alaukika pratibhA evaM vilakSaNa buddhi ke kAraNa unheM eka bAra par3hane se saba kucha yAda ho jAtA thA. ye eka-eka zabda ke aneka artha nikAlate aura apane zikSaka ko sunAyA karate. ToDaramalajI ke mukhya guru baMzIdharajI the. ve jayapura ke di0 terahapaMthiyoM ke bar3e maMdira meM zAstra par3hA karate the. kahA jAtA hai ki eka bAra unase zAstrArtha karane eka bAhara kA vidvAn pAyA. usa samaya baMzIdhara jI maMdira meM zAstra par3ha rahe the aura anya zrotAoM ke sAtha ToDaramalajI HTTPy Jained Frary.org
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________________ 674 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya bhI zAstrazravaNa kara rahe the. AyA huA vidvAn ToDaramalajI ke pAsa baiThA aura dhIre se unase baktA kA nAma pUchA. baMzIdhara nAma batAne para usane vaktA se kahA ki unakA vinA baMzI ke baMzIdhara nAma kaisA ? yaha suna kara vaktA dvArA uttara diye jAne ke pUrva hI ToDaramalajI ne uttara dene kI AjJA mAMgI aura baMzIdhara zabda ke 17 artha kara DAle aura kahane lage ki boliye Apa kisa vaMzIdhara ko pUchate haiM ? ToDaramalajI dvArA diye gaye pratyuttara ko sunakara vaha vidvAn hakkA-bakkA raha gayA aura apane pothI panne lekara calatA banA. vaha kahane lagA-jahA~ zrotA hI aise haiM vahA~ vaktA kaisA hogA? prAcIna granthoM kA svAdhyAya :-paMDitajI ne nyAya, vyAkaraNa, gaNita Adi upayogI viSayoM ko prAraMbha meM par3hA thA. jyoM hI inameM unakA praveza hone lagA tyoM hI unhoMne samayasAra, paMcAstikAya, pravacanasAra, niyamasAra, gommaTasAra, labdhisAra, kSapaNAsAra, trilokasAra, puruSArtha-siddhyupAya, AtmAnuzAsana Adi siddhAMtagraMthoM evaM unakI TIkAoM kA anuzIlana kiyA. zrAvaka tathA muniyoM ke AcAragraMthoM kA gaMbhIra adhyayana kara unake rahasya ko samajhA. gArhasthya jIvana :-Apane gRhasthI meM rahate hue jitanA kArya kiyA, saMbhava hai utanA anya koI ghara chor3akara saMnyAsI banane para bhI nahIM kara sakA hogA. Apane 17 varSa kI umra meM gRhasthI kA bhAra saMbhAlA aura usI varSa vivAha huA. 18 veM aura 21 veM varSa meM Apake kramazaH haricandra aura gumAnIrAma putra hue. haricandra ke koI ullekhanIya kAryoM kA vivaraNa nahIM milatA. dUsarA putra gumAnIrAma prabhAvazAlI vidvAn evaM karmaTha puruSa thA. pitA kI taraha zithilAcAra ke viruddha jIvanabhara lar3akara usane gumAnapaMtha (zuddhAmnAya) sthApita kiyA jo una ke nAma para aba taka pracalita hai aura isakA mukhya sthAna badhIcanda jI kA maMdira hai, jahA~ svayaM paM0 ToDaramalajI graMtharacanA kiyA karate the aura jahA~ Aja bhI svayaM paMDitajI ke hAtha se likhe gaye mokSamArgaprakAza evaM AtmAnuzAsana kI darzanIya pANDulipiyA~ haiM. paMDitajI ghara meM hI jala se bhinna kamalavat rahate hue anAsakta yA nilipta rahe aura ekAgratA tathA pUrNa niSThA ke sAtha apanA kArya karate rahate. kahA jAtA hai ki mAtA raMbhAdevI ne putra ko graMtharacanA meM tallIna dekha zAka meM namaka DAlanA baMda kara diyA aura putra ko kucha patA bhI nahIM lagA. chaha mahIne bAda gommaTasAra kI TIkA pUrNa ho jAne para putra ne eka dina kahA-'mAtA, kyA zAka meM Aja namaka nahIM DAlA ?' mAtA ne batalAyA ki Aja hI kyA, chaha mahIne se nahIM DAla rahI hU~. vAstava meM kArya meM tallIna hone para aisA hI hotA hai. isase paMDitajI kI alaukika pratibhA, kAryazIlatA evaM tallInatA kA patA calatA hai. sAhitya-nirmANa :-mahApaMDita ToDaramalajI ne sAhitya kI jo aparimita sevA kI thI vaha unake jIvana kI sabase mahattvapUrNa ghaTanA thI. ve kevala 28 varSa taka hI jIvita rahe, lekina itane alpa samaya meM hI unhoMne jo sAhitya likhA vaha vayovRddha sAhityaseviyoM ko bhI svayameva natamastaka karane vAlA hai. ToDaramalajI pratibhAzAlI sAhityakAra the. isalie jo bhI unake samparka meM AyA vaha svayaM bhI sAhityakAra bana gayA. unakI vivecanAzakti apUrva thI. kisI bhI vastu yA tattva kI vivecanA karate samaya unakI gaharAI taka pahu~cate aura apane vivecana se pAThakoM ko staMbhita kara dete. 14 varSa kI avasthA meM mulatAna ke adhyAtmapremiyoM ke nAma eka rahasyapUrNa ciTThI likhI vaha inakI vidvattA kI prathama paricAyaka thI. isI ciTThI ko par3hakara bhAI rAyamalla atyadhika prabhAvita hue aura unase prAkRtabhASA meM nibaddha gommaTasAra Adi mahAn saiddhAMtika graMthoM kI hindI TIkA karane kA Agraha kiyA aura unhIM kI preraNA se gommaTasAra, labdhisAra, kSapaNAsAra, trilokasAra Adi graMthoM kI 38000 zloka pramANa TIkA kA kArya tIna hI varSa meM samApta kara diyA. aisI mahAn sAhityasevA kevala una jaise pratibhAsampanna vidvAn se hI saMbhava ho sakatI thI. vaise unakA tIna varSa meM svAdhyAya karanA bhI sAdhAraNa pAThaka kI zakti se bAhara hai. isake pazcAt unhoMne AtmAnuzAsana, puruSArthasiddhyupAya evaM mokSamArgaprakAzaka jaisI mahattvapUrNa kRtiyoM kI racanA prAraMbha kI lekina inameM se aMtima do racanAoM ko pUrA bhI nahIM kara pAye the ki kAlakavalita ho gaye. deza kA evaM samAja kA yaha ghora durbhAgya thA. yadi ve sAdhAraNa Ayu (50 MAN Jain Edit
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________________ Jain E anUpacanda 18 vIM zatAbdI ke krAMtikArI sAhityakAra : mahApaMDita ToDaramalajI : 675 60 varSa) bhI pA jAte to na jAne kitane mahattvapUrNa graMthoM kI racanA aura kara jAte aura usa samaya jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa eka dUsarI hI kalama se likhA jAtA. mokSamArga prakAzaka unakI svataMtra racanA hai. yaha eka siddhAMtagraMtha hai. isameM mokSa kI prApti kA yathArtha upAya batalAyA gayA hai. puruSArthasiddhyupAya kI adhUrI hindI TIkA ko inakI mRtyu ke pazcAt tatkAlIna prasiddha sAhityakAra paM0 daulatarAma kAsalIvAla ne pUrNa kiyA. mUla graMtha AcArya amRtacandra kA hai jo saMskRtabhASA meM nibaddha hai aura jisameM cAritraviSayaka ahiMsAdi pA~ca vrata, sapta zIla evaM sallekhanA Adi kA sundara varNana kiyA gayA hai. graMtha meM hiMsA ahiMsA kA sUkSma evaM vistRta vivecana huA hai. prAraMbha meM AtmA hI ko puruSa mAna kara usa ke dvArA zuddha caitanya kI prApti ko hI kAryasiddhi batalAyA hai. isI taraha gommaTasAra bhI uccastara kA saiddhAMtika graMtha hai jo jIvakANDa evaM karmakANDa ina do khaNDoM meM vibhakta hai. labdhisAra meM Atmazuddhi rUpa daza labdhiyoM ko prApta karane evaM kSapaNAsAra meM karmoM ke kSaya karane kI vidhi ko samajhAyA gayA hai. trilokasAra meM jaina mAnyatAnusAra tIna lokoM kA vistRta varNana hai. ukta sabhI graMtha yadyapi saiddhAMtika evaM gaMbhIra adhyayana kI apekSA rakhane vAle haiM lekina ToDaramalajI ne unheM atyadhika sarala evaM subodha bhASA meM samajhAyA hai. unakI bhASA rAjasthAnI DhUMDhArI (gadya) hai jisa para thor3A braja bhASA kA bhI prabhAva hai. inakI bhASA meM madhuratA evaM AkarSaNa hai. usa samaya ina graMthoM kI samAja meM itanI AvazyakatA thI ki jaise hI ToDaramalajI graMtha likhate usakI pacAsoM pratiyAM hokara hAthoM-hAtha rAjasthAna ke hI nahIM kiMtu dehalI, uttarapradeza, gujarAta, mahArASTra, paMjAba Adi prAMtoM meM pahu~ca jAtI aura jana sAdhAraNa unakA bar3e utsAha se svAdhyAya karate. rAjasthAna ke bahuta se bhaNDAroM meM Aja bhI unake graMthoM kI hastalikhita kitanI hI pratiyA~ milatI haiM. inake graMthoM kI bhASA ke tIna udAharaNa dekhiye : jinake par3hane se graMtha kI zailI aura bhASA donoM kA acchI taraha paricaya mila sakatA hai : " jaise koDa sAMce motini ke gahane viSai jhUThe motI milAve parantu jhalaka mile nAhI tAte parIkSA kari pArakhI ThigAve bhI nAhIM. koI bholA hoya sohI motI nAma kari ThigAve hai bahuri tAkI paraMparA bhI cale nAhIM, zIghra hI kou jhUThe motinakA niSedha kare hai. taise kou satyArtha padani ke samUha rUpa jaina zAstrani viSai asatyArtha pada milAveM parantu jinazAstra ke padani viSai to kaSAya miTAvane kA vA laukika kArya ghaTAvane kA prayojana hai aura usa pApI ne je asatyArtha pada milAe haiM tini viSaM kaSAya poSane kA vA laukika kArya sAdhane kA prayojana hai aise prayojana milatA nAhI tAteM parIkSA kari jJAnI ThigAvate bhI nAhI koI mUrakha hoya sohi jaina zAstra nAmakari ThigAve. " I hai-' -mo0 0 pra0 pRSTha 58. "bhAI bandhu to unakA nAma hai jo apanA kilchU hita kareM so tU jini ko bhAI baMdhu mAne hai so ina ne kichU hita kiyA hoya so batAya jAteM terA mAnanA sAMca hoi. bahuri hama ko to kevala inikA itanA hI hita karanA bhAsa hai jo bairI kA bairI hoya tAko apanA hita kahiye hai so terA bairI zarIra thA so tere muMe pIche mili kari inUM ne zarIra ko dagdha kiyA. tere baira kA badalA liyA. aise ihAM yukti kari kuTumbate hita hotA na jAni rAga na karanA aisI zikSA - AtmAnuzAsana zloka 23. jo jIva arhatAdikani kari upadezyA huA aisA jo pravacana kahiye Apta Agama padArtha ye tIna tAhi yAti kahiye zraddha hai, roca hai. bahuri tini AptAdikani viSai asadbhAva kahiye atatva anyathA rUpa tAkau bhI apane vizeSa jJAna kA abhAva kari kevala guru hI kA niyogata jo isa guru ne kahyA soi arhata kI AjJA hai. aisI pratIti zraddhAna kareM hai to bhI samyagdRSTi hI hai. jAtisa kI AjJA kA ullaMghana nAhIM kareM hai / bhAvArtha jo apane vizeSa jJAna na hoi . bahuri jaina guru maMdamati te AptAdika kA svarUpa anyathA hai, ara yahU arhata kI aisI hI AjJA hai aise mAnI jo asatya zraddhAna kareM to bhI samyagdRSTi kA abhAva na hoI jAte isane to arhata kI AjJA jAni pratIti karI hai." - gommaTasAra gAthA 25. zAstra sabhA :- - AcArya kalpa paM0 ToDaramalajI 18 vIM zatAbdI ke eka krAMtikArI sAhityasevI the. jaisA ki pahale kahA elibrary.org
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________________ 676 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : tRtIya adhyAya jA cukA hai, unake samaya meM samAja netRtvahIna thA evaM bhaTTArakoM kA bhI koI khAsa prabhutva nahIM thA. dhArmika evaM sAmAjika kSetra meM zithilAcAra ghara kara gayA thA. yaha saba kucha paMDitajI kI sahanazakti ke bAhara thA. asAdhAraNa vidvattA ke kAraNa ApakA nAma choTIsI avasthA meM hI sarvatra phaila gayA thA. Apa jayapura ke 13 paMthiyoM ke bar3e maMdira meM zAstra pravacana karate the evaM sthAnIya saikar3oM zrAvaka zAstrazravaNa karane Ate the. ApakI vidvattA evaM vivecana zakti kI dhAka itanI phaila gaI thI ki bAhara ke loga bhI tatvacarcA sIkhane yahA~ Ate the. basavA nivAsI paMDita devIdAsa godhA bhI kucha dinoM ke lie Apake sAnnidhya meM rahe the. bhAI rAyamalla kI ciTThI se jJAta hotA hai ki ina pravacanoM kA lAbha uThAkara saikar3oM bhAI usa samaya gommaTasArAdi siddhAMta graMthoM kI gUr3ha carcAe~ samajhane lage the. kucha bAiyA~ bhI par3hane evaM tattvacarcA karane lagI thIM. paMDitajI ke pravacanoM se loga dharma kA asalI svarUpa samajhane lage the. paMDitajI ko ajJAnI bhAiyoM kI dharmaviruddha kriyAe~ dekhakara duHkha huA aura unake hRdaya meM eka Thesa lagI. unhoMne pAkhaNDa ke viruddha AvAja uThAI. ve nirbhIka lekhaka evaM vaktA the. svayaM paramparAgata AmnAya' kA moha chor3A aura satya ko parakhA. apane dvArA racita mokSamArgaprakAza meM sUkSma aura spaSTarUpa se jainoM ke pAkhaNDa kI AlocanA kI. bhaTTArakoM evaM muniyoM ke zithilAcAra kA khulakara virodha kiyA. saMbhava hai inhIM kAraNoM se samAja ke kAphI loga unase nArAja the. dhArmika jagata meM unakI dhAka baiTha gayI thI. unake vacana AcAryoM kI taraha prAmANika mAne jAne lage. bhUdhara mizra kI carcAsamAdhAna kI saM0 1815 kI prati para, jo bar3A maMdira teraha paMthiyoM ke bhaMDAra meM hai, likhA hai ki isa graMtha ko jayapura meM paM0 ToDaramalajI ne par3hA hai. isake 20-30 praznoM kA uttara to AmnAya ke anusAra hai zeSa uttara AmnAya se milatA nahIM hai. ToDaramalajI bhUdharamalajI se vizeSa yogyatA vAle haiM, unhoMne 60,000 zloka pramANa graMthoM kI TIkA likhI hai isalie unake vacana pramANa haiM, unhIM ke anusAra pravRtti karanI cAhie. unake samaya meM saMvat 1829 meM jayapura meM eka 'indradhvaja' pUjA samAroha bhI manAyA gayA thA jisakI vistRta jAnakArI bhAI rAyamalla kI ciTThI meM dekheM usase jJAta hogA ki paMDitajI kI asAdhAraNa vidvattA kA kitanA mUlya thA. rAjya meM bhI unakI mAnyatA thI. mRtyuH - yaha saba kucha hone para bhI unakI mRtyu eka asAdhAraNa evaM advitIya romAMcakArI ghaTanA thI. saMvat 182324 meM zaivoM ne jayapura meM SaDyaMtra racA. usameM sabhI jainoM ko to kaSTa huA hI, kintu ToDaramalajI kI mRtyu kI duHkhada ghaTanA bhI huI. saMvat 1818 meM zyAmanArAyaNa tivArI rAja-guru banA. usane jainoM para bar3e upadrava kiye tathA saikar3oM maMdira naSTa kiye. yaha upadrava Der3ha varSa taka rahA. isake bAda phira miti magasara badI 2 saMvat 1824 ko rAjya kI ora se jaina maMdiroM ko yathAvat rahane dene kA hukma jArI huA. punaH dharma kI prabhAvanA huI. virodhiyoM ke hRdaya meM dveSa kI jvAlA punaH bhar3akI. isI bIca zAstra zravaNa ke liye ToDaramalajI ke pAsa kucha ajaina bhAI bhI Ane lage the. isa prabhAva ko khatma karane ke liye kArtika sudI 5 saM0 1824 ko zaivoM ne eka zivapiMDa ukhAr3a diyA aura usake liye jainoM ko badanAma kiyA. isa para rAjakIya kopa bar3hA aura rAjAjJA se jainoM ke kucha mukhiyA kaida kara liye gaye. usa ghaTanA kA varNana sAMgAkoM ke maMdira ke eka guTake meM nimna prakAra hai- "mitI kAtI sudI 5 na mahAdeva kI piMDi sahara mAMhi kachu amAragI upADi nAkhi tihi pari rAjA doSa kari surAvaga dharmyaM pari daMDa nAkhyo" logoM ke bahakAne se tatkAlIna jayapura nareza (mAdhava siMha jI prathama SaDyaMtra ko nahIM samajha sake aura paMDitajI ko prANadaMDa kI sajA dI. kahA jAtA hai ki paMDita jI ko hAthI ke paira se kucalavA kara unake zava ko roDI meM gar3avA diyA. isa prakAra 28 - 20 varSa kI avasthA meM hI mahAn sAhityasevI paM0 ToDaramalajI sadA ke liye saMsAra se cala base. inakI Akasmika mRtyu se puruSArtha siddhyupAya evaM mokSamArgaprakAzaka adhUre hI raha gaye. ) paMDitajI kevala adhyAtma graMthoM ke hI rasika nahIM the kintu chaMda, alaMkAra, vyAkaraNa, gaNita, siddhAMta darzana Adi ke bhI pUre jAnakAra the. ApakI bhASA meM saralatA, sarasatA evaM madhuratA hai aura pada-pada meM 'satyaM zivaM sundaraM' ke darzana hote haiM bola cAla kI bhASA meM pAThakoM se tattvacarcA karate hue Age bar3hanA ApakA vizeSa guNa thA. 1. vIravANo varSa 1 aMka- 16-21 pRSTha 284. 2. paMDita jI mUlataH bIsa panthI the kintu bAda meM ve sudhAraka (teraha panthI) zuddhAmnAya ke bana gaye.
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________________ Jain Education inter jainAcArya zrIvijayendra sUrIzvarajI vidyAbhUSaNa, vidyAvallabha itihAsa tasya mahodadhi tumbavana aura Arya vajra jaina-granthoM meM Arya vajra kA nAma bar3e mahattvapUrNa zabdoM meM liyA gayA hai. 'zrIdusamA kAla samaNasaMgha thaye' meM diye prathamo dayayugapradhAna yaMtra meM ve sudharmAsvAmI ke 15 veM yugapradhAna paTTadhara batAye gaye haiM aura likhA hai ki unhoMne 8 varSa gRhavAsa kiyA, 44 varSa vrataparyAya pAlA, 36 varSa yugapradhAna rahe aura isa prakAra 88 varSa 7 mAsa 7 dina kI sarvAyu bitAyI. ' bhagavAn mahAvIra se 548 varSa pazcAt unakA nidhana huA. jaina graMthoM meM sarvatra Arya vajra kA janmasthAna tumbavana batAyA gayA hai. unameM se kucha kA pramANa hama yahA~ de rahe haiM : 1. tu batraNasaMnivesA niggayaM piusagAsamallINaM, chammAsiyaM chasu jayaM mAUya samanniyaM vaMde // 765 | 2. tumvavaNasarivese dhaNagiriNAma gAhAvatI 3. avaMtI jaNavae tumbaraNasannivese dhaNagirI nAma ibbhaputto 7. styavantIti dezaH camAsarasIsarasIruham / gugrAma basa ramAgirI |27| tatra tu babano nAma nivezaH klezavarjitaH - Avazyaka hAribhadrIya TIkA, prathama bhAga, patra 286 1. 4. zravaMtIjaNavae tumbatraNa sanniveze dhaNagirI nAma inbhaputto--Avazyaka malayagiri TIkA, dvitIya bhAga patra 387-1. 5. tumvayanAkhyasaMnivezAnnirgataM - Avazyaka niryuktidIpikA, bhAga 1, patra 136-2. 6. turaMbavaNasannivese avaMtIvisabhi dhaNagiri nAma ibbhasuzro asi niyaMgacaMgimAvijiyasuraruvo // 110 // - ubaesa mAlA saTIka, patra 207. 110000 - Avazyaka niyamita (dIpikA, bhAga 1 patra 111-2 ). - Avazyaka cUrNi, prathama bhAga, patra 360. "126 / 8. asyaiva jambUdvIpasya bharate'yantinIvRtti, Aste tubhyavanamiti sannivezanamadbhutam / 2. atiriti dezo'rita svadezIyaH // 2 // tatra tumbavanamiti vidyate sannivezanam, 1. paTTAvalIsamuccaya prathama bhAga pRSTha 23. 2. zrIvIrAdaSTacatvAriMzadadhika paMcazata 548 varSAMte. 10. there zrajjavaire tti tumbavanagrAma 3. tumyayana grAme sunandAbhidhAnAM bhAryA sAcAnAM muktvA dhanamiriyA dIkSA gRhItA / - prabhAvaka caritra, pRSTha 3. - RSimaMDalaprakaraNa, patra 162-1. - pariziSTa parva, sarga 12, dvitIya saMskaraNa pRSTha 270 - kalpasUtra kiraNAvalI, patra 170 1. - kalpasUtra suyodhika TIkA, patra 511. - zrIpaTTAvalIsAroddhAraH paTTAvalI samuccaya pRSTha 150. fhd.jainelibrary.org
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________________ 678 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya vajrasvAmI ke pitA dhanagiri isa tumbavana ke rahanevAle the. uparyukta pramANoM se yaha spaSTa hai ki yaha tumbavana avanti deza meM thA. hama avanti ke sambandha meM aura tumbavana kI sthiti ke sambandha meM bAda meM vicAra kareMge. pahale yaha dekha leM ki isakA vivaraNa anya sAhityoM meM milatA hai yA nahIM. bauddha-granthoM meM tumbavana tumbavana aura usakI sthiti ke sambandha meM bauddha-granthoM meM Aye eka yAtrAvivaraNa se acchA prakAza par3atA hai. suttanipAta meM bAvarI ke ziSyoM kA yAtrAkrama isa prakAra varNita hai : bAvari abhivAdetyA karavA ca naM padakkhiNa, jaTAjinadharA savye pakkAmu uttarAmukhA / 3 / / alakamsa patidvAnaM purimaM mAhissatiM tadA, ujjeniM cApi gonaddhaM vedisaM vanasavhaya / 36 / kosaMbiM cApi sAketaM sAvatthiM ca puruttamaM, setavyaM kapilavatthu kusinAraM ca maMdiraM / 37 / pAvaM ca bhoganagaraM vesAli mAgadhaM puraM, pAsANakaM cetiyaM ca ramaNIyaM manoramaM / 38 / -suttanipAta, pArAyaNa vagga, vatthugAthA (bhikkhu uttama prakAzita, pR 108) bAvarI ke ziSya allaka se pratiSThAna, mAhiSmatI, ujjainI, gonaddha, vidizA, vanasavhaya, kosaMbI, sAketa, sAvatthI, zvetavyA, kapilavastu, kuzInArA, pAvA, bhoganagara, vaizAlI hokara magadhapura (rAjagRha) gaye. isameM vanasavhaya para TIkA karate hue 5-vIM zatAbdI meM hue therA buddhaghoSa ne ise tumbavana athavA vanasAvatthI likhA hai.4 vanasavhaya kA zAbdika artha huA---'jise loga vana kahate the'. isakI TIkA buddhaghoSa ne tumbava kI. 'va' kA eka artha 'sambodhana'5 bhI hai. arthAt jo 'tumba' nAma se sambodhita hotA thA. isakA dUsarA nAma buddhaghoSa ne vanasAvatthI likhA hai. isase spaSTa ho gayA ki tumbavana avantirAjya meM vidizA vartamAna bhelasA ke bAda kosaMbI ke rAste meM thA. vaidika graMthoM meM tumbavana barAhamihira kI bRhatsaMhitA meM bhI tumbabana kA ullekha AyA hai. 1. rAhula sAMkRtyAyana ne kuzInArA aura maMdira ko pRthak mAnA hai. para 'maMdira kA artha nagara hotA hai. yaha kuzInArA ke lie hI prayukta huA hai. isake lie hama yahAM kucha pramANa de rahe haiM: (a) mandiro makarAvAse maMdire nagare gRhe. -hemacandrAcArya kRta anekArtha saMgraha, tRtIya kAMDa zloka 624, pR0 67. (A) agAre nagare puraM / 183 | maMdiraM ca'. amarakoSa, tRtIya kAMDa, pRSTha 235 (khemarAja zrIkRSNadAsa). (i) nagaraM maMdiraM durga, -bhojakRta samarAMgaNa sUtrAdhAra bhAga 1, pRSTha 86. (I) maMdira-bara, devAlaya, nagara, zivira saMyuddha-vRhat hi0 ko0 pR0 692. 2. rAhula sAMkRtyAyana, AnaMdakausalyApana aura jagadIza kAzyapa-sampAdita suttanipAta ke nAgarI saMskaraNa meM zabda hai 'knasavhayaM'. aisA hI pATha hArvarDa oriyaMTala sIrIja, vAlyUma 37 meM lArDa cAlmarsa-prakAzita suttanipAta (pR0238) meM bhI hai. pAlI iMgaliza DikzanarI meM bhI savya zabda hai. usakA artha diyA hai. 'kAlDa' nemDa,' (pRSTha 156) para rAhula jI ne buddhacaryA (pRSTha 352) para 'sAvya' zabda diyA hai. yaha pATha kahIM bhI dekhane ko nahIM milA. 3. da lAipha aiMDa varka Ava buddhaghoSa, lA likhita, pRSTha 6. 4. bArahuta veNImAdhava barumA-likhita, bhAga 1, pRSTha 28. 5. ATeja saMskRta iMgaliza DikzanarI. --bhAga 3, pRSTha 1377, saMskRtazabdAkaustubha, pRSTha 726. 6. vRhatsaMhitA, paMDitabhUSaNa bI0 subrahmaNya zAstrI-sampAdita; a0 14, zloka 15, pRSTha 162. 'vRhatsaMhitA arthAt vArAhIsaMhitA durgAprasAda dvArA sampAdita aura anuvAdita, pRSTha 66. AAAA Jain education in Homjainemarary.org
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________________ Jain (1) sAMcI ke zilAlekhoM meM sAta sthaloM para tumbavana kA ullekha AyA hai : (a) banA gahapatino patiThiyasa bhAtu ja ( 1 ) yAya dhajaya dAnam' tumbavana ke gRhapati patiThiya ( pratiSThita ) ke bhAI kI patnI dhanyA kA dAna ( zrA) tubacanA gahapatino patiThiya (su) na sAtha vesamanadakhAe dAnam tumvana ke gRhapati kI putravadhU zramaNadattA kA dAna (i) tubavanA gahapatino patiThiyasa dAnam tumbavana ke gRhapati pratiSThita kA dAna (I) nAgapatino patiDiyasa dAnam* tumbavana ke gRhapati pratiSThita kA dAna (u) sucanA gar3hapatino patiriyasa dAnamU tumbavana ke gRhapati pratiSThita kA dAna (U) naMdUta (rasa) to va (panikassa) 173 jainAcArya vijayendra sUrIzvarajI tumbavana aura zilAlekhoM meM tumbavana tumba (vana) ke nivAsI naMduttara (nandottara) kA (dAna) (e) vIra ebhi khu niyA tobavanikAya dAnam" tumbavana kI sAdhvI vIrA kA dAna (2) tumbavana kA ullekha tumena meM mile eka maMdira ke banavAye jAne kA ullekha hai." usa zilA lekha meM AtA hai : zilAlekha meM bhI hai. isa zilAlekha meM kumAragupta ke zAsana kAla meM eka samAnavRttA kRti ( bhAva dhIrAH ) ( kRtA) layAstumbavane va (bhU) vuH / akArayaMste giri (zri) Gga tuGga, zazi (prabhaM) devani ( vAsahammaryam ) / 6 sthAna- nirNaya jaina-graMthoM meM spaSTa ullekha hai ki yaha tumbavana avaMti janapada meM thA. avanti ke sambandha meM hemacandrAcArya ne abhidhAnacintAmaNi meM likhA hai : 'mAlavA syuravantayaH " 2. vahI, Alekha- saMkhyA 17 a, pRSTha 301. 3. vahI, Alekha saMkhyA 18, pRSTha 301. 4. vahI, Alekha -saMkhyA 20, pRSTha 301. 5. vahI, Alekha - saMkhyA 21, pRSTha 302. 6. vahI, Alekha- saMkhyA 764, pRSTha 378. 7. vahI, Alekha-saMkhyA 346, pRSTha 335. 8. gvAliyara rAjya ke abhilekha, pRSTha 73. 1. da mAnumeMTsa Ava sAMcI(sara cArlsa mArzala tathA alphreDa phAucara likhita, vitha TeksT Ava iMskripzana eDiTeDa bAI ena0jI0 majUmadAra ema0 e0, Alekha - saMkhyA 16, pRSTha 301. 9. silekTa iMskripzaMsa, khaMDa 1, dineza sarakAra-sampAdita 1942, pRSTha 467. 10. abhidhAnaciMtAmaNi bhUmikAMDa, zloka 22, pRSTha 381. wwwwwgaelforary.org
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________________ 680 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya aisA hI ullekha (mAlavA syuravantayaH)' amarakoSa meM bhI hai. vaijayantI koSa meM AtA hai : dazArNAssyurvediparA mAlavAssyuravantayaH isa mAlava kA ullekha jaina-AgamoM meM bhI milatA hai. bhagavatI sUtra meM jahA~ 16 janapada ginAye gaye haiM, unameM eka 'mAlavagANa' kA bhI ullekha hai. para jaina-graMthoM meM jahA~ 25 / / , Arya dezoM kA ullekha hai, unameM dazArNa bhI eka ginA jAtA hai.4 vahA~ mAlava kI gaNanA anArya dezoM meM kI gaI hai.5 bhagavAna mahAvIra dazArNa to gaye para mAlava ve kabhI nahIM gaye. aura, bauddha granthoM meM buddha ne Arya deza kI sImA isa prakAra batAyI hai : "bhikSuo ! avanti dakSiNApatha meM bahuta kama bhikSu haiM, bhikSuo ! sabhI pratyanta janapadoM meM vinayadhara ko lekara pAMca bhikSuoM ke gaNa se upasampadA (karane) kI anujJA detA hU~. yahA~ yaha pratyanta janapada hai-pUrva meM kajaMgala nAmaka nigama hai, usake bAda zAla (ke jaMgala) haiM. usake pare 'idhara se bIca' meM pratyanta janapada hai. pUrva-dakSiNa dizA meM salilavatI nAmaka nadI hai. usase pare idhara se bIca meM pratyanta janapada hai. dakSiNa dizA meM setakaNika nAmaka nigama hai. pazcima dizA meM thUNa nAmaka brAhmaNa gAma0. uttara dizA meM usIradhvaja nAmaka parvata. usase pare pratyanta janapada hai." buddha dvArA nirdhArita isa sImA meM mAlava nahIM par3atA. aura buddha vahA~ gaye bhI nahIM. vahA~ ke rAjA pajjota ne buddha ko AmaMtrita karane ke lie kAtyAyana ko bhejA. kAtyAyana buddha kA upadeza sunakara sAdhu ho gayA. bAda meM jaba buddha ko usane rAjA kI ora se AmaMtrita kiyA to buddha ne kahA ki tumhIM vahA~ jAkara merA pratinidhitva karo. isa prasaMga meM likhA hai-" zAstA ne unakI bAta suna ..buddha (kevala) eka kAraNa se na jAne yogya sthAna meM nahIM jAte, isalie sthavira ko kahA-"bhikSu tU hI jA...!" aura avanti ke ullekha se to bhAratIya sAhitya bharA par3A hai. vaidika sAhitya meM avanti 1. zrImadvAlmIkIya rAmAyaNa meM jahA~ sItA ko khojane ke lie dUtoM ke bheje jAne kA ullekha hai, vahA~ AtA hai 1. amarakoSa, dvitIya kAMDa, bhUmi varga, zloka 6, pRSTha 278. -khemarAja zrIkRSNadAsa bambaI 2. vaijayantI koSa, bhUmikAMDa. dezAdhyAya, zloka 37, pRSTha 38. 3. taMjahA--1 gANaM, 2 baMgANaM, 4 magahANaM, 4 malayANaM, 5 mAlavagANaM, 6 acchANa, 7 vacchAgA, 8 kocchANaM, 1 pADhANaM, 17 lADhANaM, 11 bajjANaM, 12 molINaM, 13 kAsoNaM 14 kosalANaM, 15 abAhANaM, 16 saMbhuttarANaM. -bhagavatI sUtra, zataka 15, sUtra 554, pRSTha 27. 4. bRhatkalpasUtra saTIka vibhAga 3, pRSTha 613 prajJApanA sUtra malayagiri kI TIkA sahita patra,55-2 sUtrakRtAMga saTIka. prathama bhAga, patra 122 pravacanasAroddham saTIka, bhAga, 2 patra 44-3 / 1-2. 5. (a) saga javaNa savara babbara kAya murUDoDa goNa pakkaNayA / arabAga hoNa romaya pArasa khasa khAsiyA ceva / 73 / duvilaya lausa bokkasa bhillaMdha puliMda kuMca bhamararupA | kovAya cINa caMcuya mAlava damilA kulagyA yA |74 / kekkaya kirAya yamuhaM kharamuha gayaturaya miMDhayamuhA ya / hayakannA gayakannA anne'vi praNAriyA bahave 75 pAvA ya caMDakamA gAravA nidhiNA niragutAbI | dhammotti akkharAI sumiNe'pi na naujae. jANaM / -pravacana sAroddhAra, uttarAddha, patra 445-2, 446-1. (A) praznavyAkaraNa saTIka patra 14-1 parANavaNA (bAbUvAlA) patra 56-1 6. buddhA , pRS: 371 (1952 I0). 7. DikzanarI Ava pAlI prAra nemsa, bhAga 1, pRSTha 113. 8. buddhacaryA pRSTha 45. Jain Ellion tonal Jay.org
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________________ jainAcArya vijayendra sUrIzvara : tumbavana aura Arya vajra : 681 zrAbavaMtImabaMtIJca sarvamevAnupazyata' 2. mahAbhArata meM isa pradeza ke do rAjAoM-viMda aura anuviMda-kA ullekha AyA hai. inakA sahadeva ke sAtha samara huA hai. ye kauravoM ke pakSa meM mahAbhArata meM lar3e the. droNaparva meM AyA hai ki arjuna ne inako parAsta kiyA. aura usake sambandha meM TI0 Ara0 kRSNAcArya-sampAdita mahAbhArata ke upodghAta ke sAtha prakAzita varNAnukramaNikA meM likhA hai : sekAparase kayornarmadAyAzca dakSiNato vidyamAno mAlavadezAntargato dezaH / -varNAnukramaNikA, (mahAbhArata), pRSTha 16. 3. inake atirikta kitane hI anya purANoM meM avantI nagara kA ullekha hai: (tha) avantI nagare ramye dIkSitAM RSisattamaH, satkulInaH sadAcAraH zubhakarmaparAyaNaH / -zivapurANa, jJAna saM0 25 a0 (zrA) avantyAM tu mahAkAlaM zivaM mdhymkaishvre| -zivapurANa sanatkumAra saM0 31 a0 (i) avantInagarI ramyA muktidA sarvadehinAm , ziprA caiva mahApuNyA vartate lokapAvanI / zivapurANa, jJAna saM0 46 a0 (I) avantI nagarI ramyA tatrAdRzyata vai punaH -zivapurANa, jJAna saM0 46 a0 (u) skaMdapurANa meM to eka pUrA avantI khaMDa hai. usameM AyA hai : avantikAyAM vihitAvatAraM ... / avanti puNyanagarI pratikalyodbhavA shubhaa| asti cojjayinI nAma puro puNya phalapradA / yatra devo mahAkAlaH sarvadevaguNaH stutaH / (U) garur3a purANa meM isakI gaNanA 7 tIrthasthAnoM meM kI gaI hai : ayodhyA mathurA mAyA kAzI kAJcI avantikA / purI dvArAvatI caiva saptaitAH mokSadAyikAH / (e) AjJA cakra smRtA kAzI yA bAlA zrutimUrdhani / svadhiSThAnaM smRtA kAJcI maNipUramavantikA / nAbhi deze mahA kAlastannAmnA tatra vai haraH / -vArAha purANa. (3) zrImadbhAgavata meM sandIpani ke Azrama ke prasaMga meM AyA hai : atho gurukule vAsamicchantAvupajagmatuH, kAzyAM sAndIpani nAma yavantIpuravAsinaH / -zrImadbhAgavata, dvitIya bhAga, dazama skaMdha, a0 45, zloka 31, pRSTha 403 (gorakhapura) -mahAbhArata, sabhAparva, adhyAya 32, zloka 11, pRSTha 50. 1. zrImadvAlmIkIya rAmAyaNa, kiSkiMdhA kAMDa, 2. vindAnuvindAvAvantyau sainyena mahatAvRtau / jigAya samare vIrAvAzvineyaH pratApavAn / / mahIpAlo, mahAvAryerdakSiNApathavAsibhiH / Avantyau ca mahApAlau mahAbala-susaMvRtau / 25. 3. vindAnuvindAbAvannyoM virATa dazabhiH ziraiH / AjandhatuH susa'dvau tava putrahitaipiNI / / -mahAbhArata, udyoga parva, adhyAya 16, zloka 25, pRSTha 25. -mahAbhArata, droNaparva, adhyAya 13, zloka 4, pRSTha140. CATEGORE Jain ducation international For Private & Personal use only
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________________ 682 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : tRtIya adhyAya 4. purANoM se bhI prAcIna sAhitya meM avanti kA ullekha hai:(zra) avantIsthAvantIsvAvantu --taittarIya brAhmaNa 3, 6, 6,1, (A) devIM vAcamajanayanta yadvAgvadanti..... vAcaM devA upajIvanti vizve vAcaM gaMdharvA pazavoH mnussyH| vAcImA vizvA bhuvanAnyarpitA, sA no havaM jusstaamindrptnii| vAgakSaraM prathamajA Rtasya, vedAnAM mAtA'mRtasya nAbhiH / sA no juSANopayajJamAgAt, avantI devI suhavA me astu / -taittarIya brAhmaNa 2, 8, 8. (i) avantayoM'gamagadhAH surASTrAH dakSiNApathA, upAvRtsindhusauvIrA ete saMkIrNayonayaH -bauddhAyana dharmasUtra 1, 1, 2, 18 kAzI saMskRta sIrIja, (1934) pRSTha 10 (I) striyAmavantikuntikurubhyazca -pANini, aSTAdhyAyI, 4, 1, 176. isa prakAra ke aneka ullekha avanti ke milate haiM. bauddha-granthoM meM avanti bauddha-sAhitya meM bhI avanti ke aneka ullekha haiM : 1. bauddha-sAhitya meM 16 mahAjanapadoM ke nAma milate haiM. unameM eka janapada avanti bhI batAyI gayI hai aura usakI rAjadhAnI kA nAma ujjaina batAyA gayA hai. parantu, anya sthala para eka ullekha se jJAta hotA hai ki kucha kAlataka mahissati (mahiSmatI) avanti kI rAjadhAnI thI.2 mahAvagga meM ise dakSiNApatha meM batAyA gayA hai| buddha ke samaya meM yahA~ pajjota nAma kA rAjA rAjya karatA thA. inake atirikta kucha anya prasaMgoM meM bhI avanti ke ullekha Aye haiM. jaina-graMthoM meM pravanti kA sthAnanirNaya avanti thI kahA~, isakA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue jaina-graMthoM meM AtA hai : 1. ujjayinI nagarI pratibaddha janapadavizeSa 2. asthi avanti visae ujjeNI puravarI jypsiddhaa| kulabhUsaNo ya siTThI tabbhajjA bhUsaNA naamaa| -supAsanAhacariyaM, pRSTha 366. 3. (a) avatI NAma jaNavo / tattha ya amarAvai sarisalIlAvilaMbiyA ujjeNI nAma nyrii| -vasudeva hiMDI pRSTha 36. 1. aMguttara nikAya khaNDa 1. pRSTha 213, khaMDa 4 pRSTha 252, 256, 260. 2. dantapuraM kaliGgAnaM, assakAnaJca potane | mAhismati avantInaM, sovIrAnanca roruke / mithilA ca videhAnaM, campA aMgesu yApitA vArANasI ca kAsInaM, ete govinda yApitA / / -dIghanikAya (2) mahAvagga, saM0 1958) pRSTha 175. -dIghanikAya rAhula kA anuvAda pRSTha 171 3. avanti dakSiNApathe-mahAvagga, pRSTha 214 (nAlaMdA). 4. vinayapiTaka, mahAvagga (mUla) pRSTha 262 (nAlaMdA). jaina-granthoM meM usakA nAma caMDapajjoya (caNDapradyota) AtA hai. 5. rAjendrAbhidhAna khaNDa1, pRSTha 787 dekhie 'Avazyaka malayagiri' (dvi0) paapaa nnnaapooreeyaa yyaar me Jain Edla
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________________ Jain E (A) athi avanti nAma jaNava / tatya ujjeNI nAma nayarI riddhisthimiyasamidvA / vasudeva hiMdI pRSTha, 49. 4. caNDaprayotanAgni narasiMhe avanti janapadAdhipatyamanubhavati nava kutrikApaNa ujjayinyAmAkhIran. - bRhatkalpasUtra saTIka bhAga 4, pRSTha 1145. aisA hI ullekha digambara granthoM meM bhI AyA hai: jainAcArya vijayendra sUrIzvara tumbayana aura Arthava 63 ... avantiviSayaH sAro vidyate janasaMkulaH | 1| jinAyatana sANUra saudhApaNavirAjitaH / rAyAsti kRtisaMyAmA zrImajjayinI purI 2 - hariSeNAcArya kRta bRhatkathAkoSa, pRSTha 3. ina pramANoM se spaSTa hai ki avanti deza kI rAjadhAnI ujjayinI thI aura use rASTra ke nAma para avanti bhI kahate the. aura usa avanti deza meM hI, jo dakSiNApatha meM thA, tumbavana thA, jisakA ullekha jaina, bauddha aura hindU sabhI granthoM meM milatA hai. isakI sthiti aba purAtattva se nizcita ho gaI hai. prAcIna kAla ke tumbavana kA arvAcIna nAma tumena hai. yaha sthAna gunA jile meM hai. bInA-koTA lAina para sthita TakanerI (jise pachAra bhI kahate haiM. isakA vartamAna nAma azoka nagara hai. ) se 6 mIla dUra dakSiNa pUrva meM tumena sthita hai. yaha azoka nagara bInA se 46 mIla aura gunA se 28 mIla dUra hai. isa tumena meM eka zilAlekha milA hai, jisameM tumbavana kA ullekha hai. usakA jikra hama Upara kara Aye haiM. vahAM eka aura zilAlekha milA hai, jisameM eka satI ke dAha kA aura chatrI banAye jAne kA ullekha hai. 3 2 Arya vajra isI tumbavana meM Aryavajra kA janma huA thA. inakA caritra pariziSTa parva ( sarga 12, pRSTha 270-350 dvitIya saMskaraNa ) upadezamAlA saTIka (200-214), prabhAvaka caritra (38) kRSimaMDala prakaraNa (162-2-111-1), kalpasUtrasubodhikA TIkA Adi graMthoM meM milatA hai. unake pitA kA nAma dhanagiri thA. unake lie ibbhaputra likhA hai. ibbha zabda kA artha hemacandra ne dezInAmamAlA * meM likhA hai. imo vaNi ibbha aura vaNiyA donoM samAnArthaka haiM. unakA gotra 'gautama likhA hai. dhanagiri dharmaparAyaNa vyakti the. jaba unake vivAha kI bAta uThatI to ve kanyA vAloM se kaha Ate ki maiM to sAdhu hone vAlA hUM. para, dhanapAla nAmaka eka zreSThI ne apanI putrI sunandA kA vivAha dhanagiri se kara diyA. apanI patnI ko garbhavatI chor3akara dhanagiri ne siMhagiri se dIkSA le lI. kAlAntara meM jaba bacce kA janma huA to apane pitA ke dIkSA lene kI bAta sunakara bAlaka ko jAtismaraNa jJAna huA. 1. ujjayinI syAd vizAlAvantI puSpakara siDanI. --- abhidhAnaciMtAmaNi, bhUmikAMDa zloka, 42, pRSTha 310. 2. gvAliyara rAjya ke abhilekha, pRSTha 71. 3. upadezamAlA saTIka, gAthA 110, patra 207, RpimaMDala prakaraNa, gAthA 2, patra 12-1. pariziSTa parva, dvAdazasarga, zloka 4, pRSTha 270. 4. dezAMnAmamAlA prathama varga zloka 76 pRSTha 28 ( kalakattA vizva 0 ) abhidhAnaciMtAmaNi meM likhA hai - 'ibhya ADhyo dhanIzvaraH ( martyakAMDa, zloka 21, pRSTha 147). aisA hI ullekha pAia jacchInAmamAlA meM hai aDDhA ibhA dhaNiyo' (pRSTha 12) 5. ajjavaire goyama sagutte kalpa sU0 subo0 TI0 patra 463. BOTH THI Corary.org
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________________ 684 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya mAtA kA moha kama karane ke liye bAlaka dina-rAta royA karatA. eka dina dhanagiri aura samita bhikSA ke liye jA rahe the. usa samaya zubha lakSaNa dekhakara unake guru ne Adeza diyA ki jo bhI bhikSA meM mile le lenA. ye donoM sAdhu bhikSA ke liye cale to sunandA ne (jo apane bacce se Uba gayI thI) bacce ko dhanagiri ko de diyA. usa samaya bacce kI umra 6 mAsa kI thI. dhanagiri ne bacce ko jholI meM DAla liyA aura lAkara guru ko sauMpa diyA. ati bhArI hone ke kAraNa guru ne bacce kA nAma vajra rakha diyA aura pAlana-poSaNa ke liye kisI gRhastha ko de diyA. zrAvikAoM aura sAdhviyoM ke samparka meM rahane se bacapana meM hI bacce ko gyAraha aMga kaMTha ho gaye. baccA jaba tIna varSa kA huA to usakI mAtA ne rAjasabhA meM vivAda kiyA. mAtA ne bacce ko bar3e pralobhana dikhAe para bAlaka udhara AkRSTa nahIM huA aura dhanagiri ke nikaTa A kara unakA rajoharaNa uThA liyA. jaba vajra 8 varSa ke the to guru ne unheM dIkSA de dI. usI kama umra meM hI devatAoM ne unheM vaikriya labdhi aura AkAzagAminI vidyA de dI. vajra svAmI ne ujjayinI meM bhadragupta se dasa pUrva kI zikSA grahaNa kI. kAlAntara meM Arya vajra pATaliputra gaye. vahA~ rukmiNI nAmaka eka zreSThi-kanyA ne Arya vajra se vivAha karanA cAhA para Aryavaca ne use dIkSA de dI. pATaliputra se prAryavajra purikA nagarI gaye. vahA~ ke bauddha rAjA ne jina mandiroM meM puSpoM kA niSedha kara diyA thA. ataH paryuSaNA meM zrAvakoM kI vinato para AkAzagAminI vidyA dvArA mAhezvarIpurI (vArANasI) jAkara eka mAlI se puSpa ekatra karane ko kahA aura svayaM himavata para jAkara zrI devI pradatta hutAzanavana se puSpoM ke vimAna dvArA purikA Aye aura jina-zAsana kI prabhAvanA kI tathA bauddha rAjA ko bhI jaina banAyA. eka dina Arya vajra ne kapha ke upazamana ke uddezya se kAna para rakhI soMTha pratikramaNa ke samaya bhUmi para gira gayI. isa pramAda se apanI mRtyu nikaTa AyI jAnakara Arya vajra ne apane ziSyoM ko bulAkara kahA--"aba bAraha varSa kA duSkAla par3egA. jisa dina mUlya vAlA bhojana tumheM bhikSA meM mile usase agale dina subaha hI subhikSa ho jAyegA.' yaha kaha kara unhoMne ziSyoM ko anyatra vihAra karA diyA aura svayaM rathAvarta parvata para jAkara anazana karake devaloka cale gaye. yaha rathAvarta vidizA ke nikaTa thA. isI kA nAma gajAgrapada giri aura indapada bhI hai. ise rAjendra sUri ne apane kalpasUtraprabodhinI meM spaSTa kara diyA hai. isase spaSTa hai ki rathAvarta vidizA ke hI nikaTa thA. nizIthacUNi meM bhI aisA hI likhA hai.5 'jaina-paramparA no itihAsa' ke lekhaka ne apanI kalpanA bhiDA kara ise maisUra rAjya meM likha DAlA aura vahA~ 1. (a) bajrAdapyadhikaM bhAraM zizorAlokya sUrayaH / jagatprasiddhAM zrIvajra ityAkhyAM dadurunmudaH / / -RSimaMDala prakaraNa, zloka 34, pRSTha 193-1. (A) so vi ya bhUmipatto jA jAo tatva sUriNA bhaNiyaM / avvo kiM bairamimaM jaM bhAriya bhAvamubahai / 44 -upadezamAlA saTIka, patra 208. (i) tadbhArabhaMgurakaro gururUce savismayaH / aho puMrUpabhUdvamidaM dhanu' zakyate ||5|| -pariziSTa parva, sarga 12, pRSTha 274, 2. mAhezvaryA nagaryA svanAmakhyAte. 3. indrapado nAma gAgrapada giriH-'bRhatkalpasUtra sabhASya, vibhAga 4, pRSTha 1218-1261, gAthA 4841. 4. asau giriHprAyo dakSiNa mAlavadezIyAM vidizA (bhilsA) samayA kilAsIt. AcArAMganiyuktau rahAvattanagaM' ityullekhAt AcArAMga niyukti racayitA zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu svAmIti manyate; tarhi vajrasvAminaH svargagamanAtprAgapi sa girirathAvarttanAmAsIditi saMgaccheta'. -kalpasUtra prabodhinI pRSTha 282. 5. nizIthacUrNi-pRSTha 60. 6. pRSTha 337. Wwwww lololololo Idiotoroloin biolololololol Jain Ed Lation Inter jiyAbAjAra Aaniainalibrary.org
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________________ jainAcArya vijayendra sUrIzvara : tumbavana aura zrArya vajra : 685 kI bar3I mUrti ko vaja svAmI kI mUtti banA dI. ina zAstrIya ullekhoM ke rahate, rathAvarta ko dakSiNa meM batAnA aura bAhubalIkI mUrti ko vajrasvAmI kI mUrti batAnA donoM hI bAteM pUrNataH bhrAmaka haiM. dakSiNa vAlI usa mUrti ke liye prAcArya jinaprabhasUri ne vividhatIrthakalpa meM likhA hai. ___ dakSiNApathe gomaTa deva zrI bAhubali : isI rathAvarta ke nikaTa vAsudeva-jarAsaMdha meM yuddha huA thA aura isakA ullekha mahAbhArata meM bhI milatA hai." isa varNana meM kevala nIce likhe nagara Arya vajra ke jIvana se sambaddha batAye gaye haiM : tumbavana, ujjayinI, pATaliputra, purikA, himavata hutAzanavana, rathAvarta. yahA~ yaha dhyAna dene kI bAta hai ki ukta vihAra-krama meM kahIM bhI siddhAcala kA varNana nahIM milatA. Arya zabda kA prayoga pahile ke yugapradhAna AcAryoM ke nAmoM ke pUrva Arya zabda kA prayoga dekhA jAtA hai. yaha paramparA Arya vajrasena taka rahI jinakA svargagamana vIrAt 620 meM huA. 1. vividha tIrthakalpa pRSTha 85. 2. Avazyaka cUrNi, pUrva bhAga, patra 235. 3. jaina gurjara-kavio, bhAga 2, pRSTha 707. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ ratnacanda agravAla adhyakSa, purAtattva saMgrahAlaya-vibhAga, udayapura debArI ke rAjarAjezvara maMdira kI aprakAzita prazasti mevAr3anareza mahArANA rAjasiMha dvitIya ne kevala sAta varSa (saMvat 1812 se 1817) rAjya kiyA thA unake rAjyakAla kA saMvat 1812 kA lekha udayapura ke sAMdhyagiri maTha ke pAsa zivAlaya meM lagA hai aura dUsarA lekha saMvat 1817 kA hai jo udayapura ke jagadIza maMdira ke pAsa eka surabhi-stambha para khudA hai (risarcara-rAjasthAna purAtattva vibhAga kI patrikA, varSa-1,aMka 1, pR0 26-32). isake bAda rAjasiMha dvitIya kA hI bhAI arisiMha dvitIya zAsaka banA. usake rAjyakAla meM rAjasiMha dvitIya kI mAtA bastakuMvarI (jo jhAlA vaMza kI thI) ne apane putra rAjasiMha kI mRtyu ho jAne ke kAraNa usake sukRta hetu udayapura nagara se 8 mIla dUra debArI (udayapura ghATI kA praveza) ke dvAra ke sAmane hI rAjarAjezvara maMdira, vApI tathA pAsa kI dharmazAlA kA nirmANa karAyA thA. usakI pratiSThA zrAvaNAdi vi0 saM0 1816 (caitrAdi 1820) zaka saMvat 1685 vaizAkha sudI 8 guruvAra (jIva) ko hokara prazasti racI gaI thI. 68 zlokoM kI yaha bRhata prazasti zilA para adyAvadhi utkIrNa na ho sakI. usakI eka prati kI pratilipi mujhe svargIya paM0 go0 lA0 vyAsa jI ke saujanya se prApta huI hai. yaha rAjasiMha kI mAtA kI kRtiyoM, usake mAtRpakSa ke vaMza vRkSa aura tatkAlIna itihAsa ke liye parama upayogI hai. mAnanIya ojhA jI ne isakI eka pratilipi zrI viSNurAma bhaTTa mevAr3A ke saMgraha meM dekha kara usakA sArAMza bhI udayapura rAjya ke itihAsa' (bhAga 2, pR0 663) meM prakAzita kiyA thA. prastuta nibandha meM zrI vyAsa' jI dvArA prApta pratilipi ko tanika vivecanAdi sahita vidvadvarga ke adhyayanArtha sarvaprathama prakAzita kiyA jAvegA. isa bRhat prazasti ke kula 68 zloka haiM tathA bhASA saMskRta hai. prAraMbha meM 'gaNapati' bandanA ke uparAnta prazastikAra 'somezvara' kA ullekha hai jisane rAjasiMha dvitIya kI mAtA ke AdezAnusAra zivAlaya va vApI kI yaha prazasti racI thI (zloka 1). rAjasiMharAjyAbhiSeka kAvya kI racanA bhI bhaTTa rUpa jI ke suputra isI somezvara ne kI thI (ojhA, uparyukta pR0 644 pAda TippaNa 2). tadanantara mevAr3a ke udayapura nagara ke saMsthApaka (zloka 7) mahArANA udayasiMha prathama se lekara rAjasiMha dvitIya taka kA saMkSipta paricaya prastuta kiyA gayA hai. AThaveM zloka meM udayapura ko zakrapurI kahA hai. rANA pratApa ne yavanoM (musalamAnoM) ko mArA thA (zloka 11), vIra amarasiMha prathama ne rAjyalakSmI kI prApti kI thI (zloka 12), usakA putra karNasiMha thA (zloka 13). usake putra jagatasiMha ne viSNumaMdira arthAt jagadIzamaMdira, SoDaza mahAdAna sampanna kara mAndhAtAtIrtha para yaza prApta kiyA (zloka 14-15). usakA putra rAjasiMha prathama thA (zloka 16) jisane samudra ke samAna bandha (arthAt rAjasamudra bAMdha baMdhAyA. usake putra jayasiMha prathama ne bhI tathaiva bAMdha baMdhAyA (arthAt jayasamudra, zloka 17) usake putra amarasiMha dvitIya ne udayapura ke rAjaprAsAdoM meM vRddhi kI 1. jhAlAvAr3a saMgrahAlaya ke saMsthApaka va adhyakSa. Jain Education international
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________________ ratnacanda agravAla : debArI ke rAjarAjezvara maMdira kI aprakAzita prazasti : 687 ( zloka 18 - 16) aura usake putra saMgrAmasiMha dvitIya kI khyAti to dharmAvatAra ke rUpa meM hI thI-- usate sone ke tIna sulAdAna sampanna kie the (loka 22 ojhA, uparyukta 0 621) aura auraMgajeba ke samaya NDitAMza jagadIzamaMdira kA jIrNoddhAra karAyA ( zloka 23 ). yahA~ saMgrAmasiMha dvitIya kI paryApta prazaMsA kI gaI hai ( zloka 20 se 23). usakA putra vIra jaga siMha dvitIya (zloka 24-27 ) thA jisane jagannivAsa nAmaka rAjamahala kA nirmANa karAyA thA (zloka 27, ojhA - pR0 632). jisakI pratiSThA saMvat 1802 meM huI thI. usakA putra pratApasiMha dvitIya thA ( zloka 28-31) jo ati pratApazAlI thA. yaha kevala atizayokti nahIM hai. usakA eka mAtra putra thA rAjasiMha dvitIya (zloka 32) jisakI mAtA kI yaha prastuta pracarita hai. zloka 32 ke uparAnta rAjarAjezvara maMdira ko banAne vAlI rAjamAtA bakhataku~varI (jhAlA karNa kI putrI va pratApasiMha dvitIya kI rANI) ke pitA ke vaMza kA paricaya nimnAMkita hai:- pazcima samudra taTa para ( kAThiyAvAr3a meM ) jhAlAvAr3a deza meM raNachor3apurI nAma kI nagarI hai ( zloka 33-34), vahA~ kA rAjA jhAlA mAnasiMha huA ( zloka 35) jisake pIche kramazaH candrasiMha, abhayarAja, vijayarAja, sahasamalla, gopAlasiMha aura karNa hue ( zloka 35 se 42 ). karNa kI putrI bakhataku~varI thI ( zloka 43 ) jo mevAr3a nareza mahArANA pratApasiMha kI patnI thI ( zloka 44 ). usake putra kA nAma thA rAjasiMha dvitIya (45 tathA Age). mAnanIya ojhA jI (uparyukta, pR0 663) ke anusAra 'Upara likhe rAjAoM meM mAnasiMha to dhrAMgadharA kA svAmI thA. usake dUsare putra candrasiMha ke cauthe putra abhayasiMha (akSayarAja) ko bastara kI jAgIra milI thI. usake putra vijayarAja ne raNachor3a jI ke bhakta hone ke kAraNa apanI rAjadhAnI lakhtara kA nAma raNachor3apurI rakkhA- -kAlIdAsa devazaMkara paMDayA, gujarAta, rAjasthAna, pR0 471-72'. mahArANA rAjasiMha dvitIya ne rAjyAbhiSeka ke samaya svarNatulAdAna kiyA thA (zloka 47 ) vaha udAracitta nareza thA. vaha pratApasiMha kA putra yazasvI thA ( zloka 51) aura usakI ( rAjasiMha kI ) paTarAnI thI gulAbakumArI (zloka 52), rAjasiMha kI choTI rAnI' thI phatehakumArI ( zloka 53 ) . gulAba kumArI kA ratalAma se sambandha thA ( zloka 55). rAjasiMha kI mAtA to hari bhajana meM vyasta rahatI thI ( zloka 56 ), vaha jhAlA vaMza kI putrI bakhataku~varI thI ( zloka 57 ) rAjamAtA ne rAjasiMha ke puNyahetu nagara ke praveza dvAra (arthAt debArI dvAra ke samakSa ) rAjarAjezvara kA maMdira vApI Adi kA nirmANa karAyA thA ( zloka 56-60 ). rAjarAjezvara zaMkara kI pUjA hetu hI vApI ko banavAyA thA. (zloka 61 ) . 62 veM zloka meM saMvat - mAsa dina tithi Adi aMkoM va akSaroM donoM meM aMkita haiM, yathA - vikrama saMvat 1816 zaka saMvat 1685 mAdhava (vaizAkha) mAsa kI zukla ( amalatara) pakSa kI 5vIM tithi puSyanakSatra mithuna lagna dina bRhaspativAra Adi. isa tithi ko maMdira kI pratiSThA vidhivat sampanna huI thI. usa samaya pratiSThA kA zreya dvijavara 'nandarAma ' ko prApta thA. 'rAjasiMharAjyAbhiSeka 2 - kAvya' meM bhI isa vyakti kA nAma aMkita hai. pratiSThA ke samaya rAjamAtA ne brAhmaNoM ko gau, sonA, hAthI, ghor3e, ratha, jevara, Adi bahuta sI cIjeM dAna meM dI thIM ( zloka 65 ). Age 66-67 zlokoM meM bhI usake dAna kA ullekha hai. aisA karane se tathA vApI - zivAlaya nirmANa va vidhivat pratiSThA dvArA rAjamAtA ne cirasthAyI puNya prApta kiyA (bloka 68, antima paMkti ) . 2033. svargIya zrI vyAsa ke saujanya se prApta isa prazasti kA nimna svarUpa tathaiva prastuta kiyA jA sakatA hai yadyapi isameM kahIM -2 azuddhiyA~ raha gaI haiM : Jain Edubation espation 1. draSTavya ojhA, upayukta, pR0 647. rAjasiMha rAjyAbhiSeka kAvya meM bhI rAjasiMha dvitIya dvArA sampanna svarNatulA kA ullekha hai. ojhA - upayukta, pR0 644, pAdaTippaNa. 2. zromA, uparyukta, pR0 645. 200000 SeaDee For Pate & Personalise o 2009 18886699 0000000 www.elibrar.org
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________________ 688 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya // zrI gaNezAya namaH / / ++++++++++++++++++++ vighnezvaraM sagirIza girijA sameta, somezvaro dvijavaro vivudhAMzca ntvaa| . zrI rAjasiMha jananIkRta zambhUsama vApI prazasti racanA kramamAtanoti // 1 viSNo bhisaroruhAnta, rudito vedhAvidhAyAsilaM vizvaM sthAvarajaGgamAtmakamasau tadrakSaNAyAsRjat / kSatraM duSTanivarhaNAya ca satAM saMrakSaNAya svayaM yattejobala saMyutaM bhagavato naisargika jRmbhate / / 2 tasyAnvavAyAviha samprasUtau manvantare sUryanizAkarAbhyAm / vaMzastayoraM zubhato vizeSA-dguNa girIyAti hasaM pradiSTaH / / 3 yatrAnvaye raghu-bhAgIratha yauvanAzca mAndhAtR-pArthivavarAH zatazopyabhUvan / satyavRtaH sakala gaura guNAbhirAmo rAmo vibhUSayati vaMzamazeSamekaH / / 4 agre'bhavan rAjapadAbhidhAnAH pazcAdabhavanaditi prasUtAH / tataH paraM rAvalazabdavAcyAH rANAH babhUvustadanantaraM te / / 5 rANAste sucaritAH medapATadeze rAjyaM tabubhujarihaikaliGgadattam / teSAM ko vihitaparAkramAnazeSAn dAnAdIndavi bhuvi vaNituM samarthaH / / 6 tatra pUrvamabhavadvizuddhadhIH kItimAnudayasiMha bhUpatiH / yena bhUmibalayakabhUSaNam bhUbhRtodayapuraM vinirmitaM / / 7 soyaM purI zakrapurIva nAryaH samAnarUpA surasundarIbhiH / guhA vimAnAvali tulyarUpA narAsurA bhAti nRpaH sureza: / / 8 suranarapura garva sarva tAyAm prabhavati yatsurarAjasevitAMtriH / / nivasati bhagavAnihaikaliGgo janapada bhUpatiH loka rakSaNAya / / 6 pratApasiMhosya suto'tha jajJe vIro mahImaNDalamaMDanaM yaH / yasya pratApA'nala dIptitaptA: astrai svadehAn ripava: ziSuyuH / / 10 apyekavIro yavanAnazeSAn jigye jaghAnAribalaM samagram / vidArayan vairigajaM vRjaM yo muktAphalasyadhi yazovitena / / 11 tasmAdabhudamarasiMhanarezvarosau vIro balI sakalazastrabhRtAM variSThaH / kSoNIbhujA vizadakIttiyujA sadaiva reme rame bahariNA bhuvi rAjyalakSmIH / / 12 karNasiMha iti tasya bhUpate-rAtmajaH samabhavadAdhipaH / aMgarAja iva yo'parothinAM cintitArthamakhilaM vyapUrayat // 13 tato jagatsiMha dharAdhipo'bhavad bhAgyAdhipo'stra jagatItale'smin / rAjAMgaNAdagvatarAva viSNo:' prAsAdamabhrAniha......tAn / / 14 sasarja ya: SoDazadAnapaMktI: mAndhAtRtIrthe'vanibhRtakarIndraH / tasthau svayaM narmadA nIra....... ......pUja...praNavaM mahezam // 15 1. jaganAtha, jagadIza maMdira kA nirmAtA jagasiMha prathama hI thA. 2. 14-15 zloka azuddhipUrNa haiM. Jal Education in ForPrivate &Personal Use www.jaingibrary.org
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________________ ratnacanda agravAla : debArI ke rAjarAjezvara maMdira kI aprakAzita prazasti : 68 ++++++++ +++++ ++ rAjarAjAsya suto rasAyAM vIro viDojA iva rAjasiMhaH / tATakatulyo dharaNIgRhiNyAH saraH samudropama bhAva bandhaH // 16 jayasiMha bharezvarastato'bhUnnayanadakaraH zazIva loke / svapiteva samudra tulya rUpaM pravaraM so'pi sarovaraM babandha / / 17 tasmAdabhUdamarasiMha narAdhirAjo mUrdhanyarASapadazeSadharAdhipAnAm / dUrIcakAra viduSAM draviNaudhadAne bhAgyeSu durgatilipi bidhinApi sRsRm // 18 amarapatiH samAnarUpazIlo maralalanA parigIti zuddhakIrtiH amaranarapatizcakAra saudhA namara vilAsasamAkhyAn prasiddhAn // 16 tadaMgajanmA bhuvanakavIrI bhUmaMDalaM bhUSayati sma raannaa| . saMgrAmasiMha zrutazAstradharmA, dharmAvatAraH prathita pRthivyAm / / 20 azeSazastrAstravidhau samaryo dhanurdharo dhairyadharopyariNyAm / vilAGghitAnaiva kadApi bhUpaiH sakRstra dattApi ciraM padAjJA / / 21 hemnastulAnAM tatayasya kartA saMgrAmasiMho vasudhaika bhartA / babhUva sarvAtiharaH prajAnAM, trinetrasevArasiko'nvahaM yaH / / 22 nirantaraM tryambakapAdapadma, pUjA phalA vAsa samastakAmaH / devAlayasyoddharaNAya buddhiM, cakre jagannasurezvarasya / / 23 tato jagatkIrtitasaccaritro, vIro jagatasiMha narezvaro bhuutaa| yazaH....nayAM dhAma mahAnubhAvo, mahIpatInAM pravaro manasvI / / 24 yazcandra ...smara'bhaukaniSThastatpUjayA prAptasamastakAmaH / bubhoja bhUmi vividhau vilAsaH, vor3hI navor3hAmiva rAjyamAnam // 25 balarasaMkhya vanAni akampayat sasnau svayaM pusskrtiirthraaje| dAnAnyanekAni ca suvRttAni, cakAra bhUpaH paramaprabhAvaH // 26 antastaDAgaM jagadIza rANo, jagannivAsa pratimaprabhAvaH / jagannivAsAspada tulyarUpaM, jagannivAsabhuvanaM sasarja // 27 tasmAd vabhUva-vIrya pratApasiMhaH, pRthivIpatiryaH / paurAnazeSAn draviNaughahArIn kArAgAraM saMjagnahe samarthaH / / 28 yasmin mahIM zAsati medinIze, corAya meyA zutirevamAsIt / siMhAt kuraMga iva yad bhayArtA, bhaMjurdigantAn bhuvi taskarAdyA / / 26 nAsehire yasya paraM pratApaM, pratApasiMhasya sapatnAdayAH / gatISma-dhye'hyi yasyoSNa razmi sa tApayAmAsa balAdarAtIn / / 30 yenArAti-badhUvilocanajalai ssiJcitA medinI, yannAmanni smRta iva nIripugaNAnindrAt bherjunizi / yasyoddAma mahI dhruvurka zabhujastambhairdharAdhAritA vIro'sau nRpatirvabhUva vasudhA cakre pratApAbhidhaH // 31 1. arthAt 'rAjasamudra' kA bandhA. jayasiMha prathama ne kAlAntara meM 'jayasamudra' kA nirmANa karAyA thA. 2. arthAt 'jagannAtha-jagadIza'. Jain EdulajorLintem ate..Personal use tobe Amainalibrary.org
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________________ 660 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-prantha : tRtIya adhyAya Jaina evan tasyAtmaja sakalagauragurudAra zrIrAjasiMha nRpatiH saviteva jAtaH / yasminnudAraparite nRpatI prajAno nevAni vikAsamApuH / / 32 asti pazcima toyarAzi taTabhUdezeSu dezaH zivo' jhAlAvAr3a iti prathamadhigataH sarvArthasampatpradaH / cAturvarNyamayI prajAnavarataM dharmaM carantImudA vedokte vidhipUrvake nivasataM yasmin sadAtibhayA / / 33 raNachor3a purIti nAmadheyA viSaye tatra vibhAti zobhanA / surarAjapurI..........naranArIbhiralaM susevitA // 34 zakro yaH pratipattapakSa dalane praur3ha pratApAnalaH jyoti - ptAdigantarA samabhavat tatrAtha pRthvIpati / zUraH satpurusaH priyozubhakRtAMza zaraNyasudhI kandarpopama darzano-mRgadRzAM zrImAnsiMhAbhidhaH / / 35 zUraH gurUpaH subhago'bhimAnI netA narANAmarivajetA / babhUva tasyAtha suto vinIto rAjA rasajJo bhuvi rAyasiMhaH / / 36 vikramaiH pIDitazatruma surakSita kSavivarmA / pUrNa rAkezvara tulyadhAmA tasyAtmajobhUdaya candrasiMhaH // 37 sakalazAstravicAravizAradaH sakalazaraNabhRtAmapi pUjitaH / sakaladAnakaro'sya sutovanA - vabhayarAja iti - dhitAM bhavat // 38 amararAjasamadyuti ujvala dviradarAja karAbhabRhadbhujaH / manujarAja samAjasamAjito vijayarAja nRpo'sya suto'bhavat / / 29 rAjA sahasvAtta samAnakIttiH sahasra bAhUriva tulyatejaH / sahasramallAdhika vIryasAraH sahasramallosya suto babhUva // 40 rAjA prajApAlana labdhavarNAH bhUpaH sa kAlo bhara lokapAlaH / kanyA sphurada bhavya niyamana to gopAlasihoM'sya suto babhUva // 41 AsIt tanayo nRpaH kSitibhujA mAnyaM manasvIrarNa karmaH karmaH gataH satAM sukhakarAM yaH karNa evAparaH / bhUvikhyAta yazAvarova sumatI karamyarta sopamaH kAnta kAmadeva pratApadahana jvAlAvalIdaddhaSatam // 42 nRpa vinaya viveka jJAna bhakti pravINaH pravahadamRtadhArA nirmalAMgapracArA / prathama puruSa puNyaiH pArvatIvAdribhartuH bakhatakuMvarI bhAmanI kanyakAsthA virAsIt // 43 tAM bhISmakasyeva sutAM kumArI kRSNo'maraiH sevitapAdopamaH / bhUbhUmipAlA citapAdapITha: pratApasiMho vidhinopete / / 44 tasmAdajAyat rAjasiMho narezaH samyak dezaH pUjitaH zrImahezaH / visvakIkRtArthI vidyAskRti manmathasyeva mUrti / / 45 guNaugharatnasAgaraH bhajAdRzAM sudhAkaraH pratApapuMjabhAskaro vasuMdharA dhuraMdharaH / vilAsinI manamaraH smarAri pUjanaM raparaH yathA sarAjasiMhajit surezvaro narezvaro / / 46 padAbhiSekotsave eva tena hemnastulAdAnamudAra buddhiH / yabdu--- 6 zadha kalAmupaiti na kasyacid bhUmibhujopi buddhiH || 47 / 1. 33 veM zloka se rAjasiMha dvitIya kI mAtA ke pakSa kA ullekha mahattvapUrNa hai arthAt prazasti ke pUrvArdha meM mevAr3a narezoM kA tathA uttarArtha meM jhAlAvaMzajoM, unake vaMza kI putrI bakhtakumArI (rAjasiMha kI mAtA) Adi kA. For Private se Yawww.sonely.org
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________________ Jain Education ratnacanda agravAla : debArI ke rAjarAjezvara maMdira kI aprakAzita prazasti : 661 zAzvata sudhAMzuriva netragAbhirAmaH kAmo ya mauktikesu sarvajanaH pArthavyAm / AzcaryaM magrahRdayaH svayamatra citra vinyasta mUrtiriva yasya dadarza mUrtim // 48 zaudArya viveka-dhairya gurutA gAmbhIyaM vidhAdibhiH / prauDha bhUrigugolaMkRta tanatArAdhirAjacchaviH / svacchAntaH karaNaH svadharmanirataH satyapratijJosatAM / zAstA satpuruSa priyovati pati zrIrAjasiMho'bhavat / 41 gAyanti yasya naritAni manoharANi nAma narAzya muditaH kSitimaNDalo'smin / smRtvA sucArtha manaso aparIta netrA romAnca cihnita samagra zarIrabhAgA // 50 evaM guNo bhUSita yo babhUva pratApasiMhAtmaja rAjasiMhaH / divi kSitau dikSu rasAtalopi gAyanti gaurANi yazAMsi yasya / / 51 madhumathanamivendirAnurUpaM tamanusasAra nareza rAjasiMham / praNaya paravazA svapaTTarAjJI sapadi gulAbakumArikA rasajJA / / 52 pativratA prANasamApi yasya priyaMvadA zaMtiparArasajJA / candraprabhevA'nusasAh tanvI phatehakumArI' nRpa rAjasiMham // 53 ajanRpatimivendumatya vAprAvyatilakaM bhuvi rAjasiMhadevam / pariNayan vidhau svavaMza jAtA sapadi gulAba kumArikAparApi / / 54 ratalAmapurI" vapUrnavoDhA ratirAgeNa ca rukmaNI kRSNam / rAjarAjasiMha damayantIva nalaM narAdhirAjam / / 55 zrI harezcaraNa paMkajArcana, dhyAna kIrtana vidhUta kalmaSA / satkathA zravaNa kelamAnasA, rAjasiMha jananI virAjate / / 56 samavA Ija hari guru pUjA sakta cittA nitAntaM guNagaNa paripUrNa puNyazIlA yA zrIH / jagati vidita jhAlA zuddha vaMza prasUtA bakhatakuMvari nAmnI rAjasiMhasya mAtA / / 57 himazikhara nitambaH prasravajjahnakanyA jalavimala vizuddhAcAra-puNyairudArA / sakalabhuvana vizva vyApta satkIrtipUrA bakhta kuMvari nAmnI rAjate rAjamAtA // 58 sA rAjasiMha jananI nagarapraveza dvAre suzItamadhurAmala puNya nIrAm / bApa cakAra pathipAnyajanAbhirAmA zrI rAjasiMhapateva hU puNyahetoH // 59 prAsAdamapyatra janAbhirAmam zivasya vizranti nimitta zAlam / zrIrAjasiMhasya nRpasya mAtA cakre svasUno bahupuNyahetoH // 60 zrI rAjarAjezvarapUjanArtham cakAra puNyAmiha puSpavATIm / yadIya puNyazca phalaiH supUjito manISitaM yacchati pUjakebhyaH / / 61 saMvannandaparASTa bhUparimite (1819) de vANanAgartubhUta (1685) zAke mAse ca mAdhave malatarepakSe'STamI jIvayo / * 1. sambhavataH isI kI ora ojhA jI ne (uparyukta, bhAga 2, pR0 647) saMketa kiyA hai 2 ratalAma, madhyapradeza. 3. arthAt 'vaizAkha' mAsa. 4. jIva bRhaspativAra For Prival Use Only orary.org
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________________ MINS muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya puSya nakSatre mithunAkhyalagnasamaye pUrvetha yaame'kriit| vappA zaMkara maMdirasya jananI rAjJaH pratiSThA vidhim / / 62 kuMDa maNDapavitAna toraNaH dIpite dvijavarAstu maNDape / vedapAThamatha homamAzu te mantrapUta haviSA samAsRjat / / 63 tatrAnvito dvijavaro nRpateH purodhA: zrI nandarAma jidasau vidhivaccakAra / vApI pratizraya zivAlaya sampratiSThAm zrI rAjasiMhanRpate bahupuNyahetoH / / 64 gobhUhiraNya gajavAjirathAMzukAni zaiyyA suvarNamaNimaNDitabhUSaNAni / tasmin mahotsavavidhau pradadau dayAluH zrI rAjasiMha nRpate rjananI dvijebhyaH // 65 yajJopavItAni dadau dvijAti-bAlebhya eSA sutarAM dayAluH / zrI rAjasiMhasya nRpasya mAtA kanyA vivAhAn zatazazcakAra // 66 nityadApi khalu parva parvasu rAjasiMha jananI muhuma huH / dhenudhAnya maNikAJcanAnyayo viprabhojanamanekazopyadAt / / 67 itthaM tatra caturmukhaM sagirijaM saMsthApya nAmnA zivam, prAsAde himazailazRMgasadRze zrIrAjarAjezvaram / vApI puNyajalAM vidhAya vidhivat kRtvA pratiSThA vidhiH, lebhe puNyamanaMtakaM jananI zrI rAjasiMhaprabhoH / / 68 uparyukta bRhatprazasti meM katipaya zuddhiyAM karake isake vizada vivecana kI parama AvazyakatA hai. AzA hai tatkAlIna itihAsa ke vidvAn isa kArya ko pUrA kara zIghra hI adhika prakAza DAlane kA kaSTa kareMge. prastuta nibandha meM to ukta prazasti kA sArAMza hI prastuta kiyA gayA hai. prastuta prazasti meM tatkAlIna mevAr3anareza arisiMha dvitIya ke nAma kI avidyamAnatA khaTakatI hI hai. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ Jain Edu pro0 paramAnanda coyala rAjasthAnI citrakalA kalA mAnava hRdaya kI mUrtimAna abhivyakti hai. bAhya jagat se bimbita kalA sRSTi ko hI jo mahatva dete hai, antarmukhI kalA kA rasAsvAdana ve nahIM kara pAte. yahI kAraNa hai ki yathArtha cazme se dekhanevAle loga bhAratIya kalA kA Ananda nahIM le sakate. jabase DAkTara, Ananda kumAra svAbhI ne bhAratIya kalA ke pakSa meM lekhanI uThAI, deza-videza ke kalA marmajJa bhAratIya kalA ko Adara kI dRSTi se dekhane lage haiM. ajanatA elorA, pAla gujarAtI, bAgha, sAinariyA sitranavAsala turkistAna, bAmiyA, kazmIrI, mugala, rAjasthAnI va pahAr3I citrakalA kA adhyayana Aja vidvAnoM ke liye ruci kA viSaya ho gayA hai. yugayugIna bhAratIya kalA paramparA meM ( isa 2000 varSa kI bhAratIya kalA meM ) rAjasthAnI citrakalA kA apanA viziSTa sthAna hai. 17 vIM zatI ke bauddha itihAsakAra tArAnAtha ne likhA hai ki 7 vIM zatI meM rAjasthAna, kalA kA mukhya kendra thA. jahA~ se bhArata meM eka vizeSa kalA-dhArA bahI. zraMgadhara isakA pramukha citrakAra thA. kheda hai ki isa varNana ke atirikta usase pUrva kI rAjasthAnI citrakalA ke viSaya meM hameM kucha bhI jJAta nahIM hai. rAjasthAna meM citroM ke tIna prakAra dikhAI dete haiM. bhitti-citra, ikahare pRSTha para bane pustaka citra va vasalI para aMkita chinna citra. bhitti citraNa kI prathA ajantA yuga se calI AI hai, parantu ajantA kI bhUmi taiyAra karane kI vidhi evaM rAjasthAnI vidhAna meM kAphI antara hai. zuddha phesko proseja ( bhitti para citra banAne kI vizeSa vidhi) rAjasthAnI bhitti citroM meM hI pAyA jAtA hai. isa dRSTikoNa se iTalI ke Dempa proseja ( gIlI bhUmi para citra banAne kI prakriyA ) ke samIpa rakkhA jA sakatA hai. sabase prAcIna rAjasthAnI bhitti citra jayapura ke samIpa bairAT nAmaka sthAna meM pAye gaye haiM. rASTrIya lalita kalA akAdamI ke Agraha se zrIkRpAlasiMha zekhAvata ne kucha varSa pUrva inakI kaoNpI (anukRti) kara isa chipe khajAne ko saMsAra ke sammukha lAne kA mahattvapUrNa kArya kiyA. ina citroM ke viSaya vIra rasa se otaprota hai-i varNa vidhAna samatala va sthUla raMga ke ine gine maMdabhUta rekhAeM ghumAvadAra evaM gatipUrNa haiM. 17 vIM zatI se 19 vIM zatI taka ke rAjasthAnI bhitti citroM se Aja bhI saikar3oM prAcIna imArateM, haveliyA~ va mahala bhare par3e haiM. koTA kI jhAlA kI havelI meM bane rAga-raMga va zikAra ke citra kalpanA va racanA cAturya ke anupama namUne haiM. loka kathAe~, darabArI ThATha bATa, zikAra ke dRzya, ekAMkI chavi ghor3e para hukkAmoM ke sAtha, hukke kI nalI gur3agur3Ate jAgIradAra, ThAkura yA rAjA kI ojapUrNa AkRti, janAnakhAnoM kI raMgareliyA~, nAyaka nAyikAoM kI prema bharI lIlAeM, bArahamAsA va rati rahasya ityAdi rAjasthAnI bhitti citroM ke mukhya viSaya rahe haiM. cUnA miTTI khira jAne se aisI citrita dIvAre aba bar3hatI jA rahI haiM isa taraha rAjasthAnI citrakalA kA eka bar3A aMza zanaiH zanaiH lupta hotA jA rahA hai. sabase purAne pustaka-citra bhojapatra va tAla patroM para bane milate haiM. 12 vI zatI meM kAgaja nirmANa ke bAda jaina sacitra pustakoM kI racanA Arambha huI jisakA mukhya kendra gujarAta thA. sAMskRtika evaM rAjanaitika dRSTi se gujarAta va dakSiNI membery.org
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________________ 664 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya rAjasthAna adhika ghule-mile haiM, ataeva inakI citraracanA meM zailI kI ekatA rahI ho to koI Azcarya nahIM. mevAr3a ke 13vIM va 15vIM zatI ke do jaina-graMtha mile haiM, ho sakatA hai aura bhI kahIM isa prakAra ke graMtha rahe hoM. jaisalamera ke jaina pustaka bhaNDAra kA honA bhI yaha siddha karatA hai ki zAyada jaina hastalikhita pustakeM yahA~ pahale se hI milatI rahI hogI. ina pustakoM kI jilda lakar3I kI takhtiyoM se baMdhI hai. inameM prayukta zailI vizeSa kI paramparA lagabhaga 16 vIM zatI ke anta taka calatI rahI. inake dRSTikoNa, va saMyojana va vidhAna meM koI vizeSa antara nahIM dikhAI detA hai. bAdaloM ke Alekhana, per3a-paudhoM kI banAvaTa va eka Adha anya upakaraNa ke citraNa meM halkA-sA paraziyana prabhAva (alaMkRta zailI kA) jhalaka uThA hai. yaha prabhAva itanA gauNa hai ki isake nijatva meM koI AghAta nahIM pahu~catA. rAbarTa skelTana ne 15vIM zatI ke niyAmata nAmA kI khoja kI hai jisakI eka prati isa samaya laMdana kI iMDiyA Aphisa lAibrerI meM hai. zAyada, 'mAMDU' mAMDavagar3ha, (mAlavA) ke sultAna gayAsuddIna khijalI ke lie yaha pustaka banAI gaI ho. imameM tathA banArasa kalA bhavana vAlI zAhanAme kI prati meM paraziyana kalA kA bahuta adhika prabhAva hai. ho sakatA hai inakA athavA aisI hI paraziyana zailI se prerita anya pustakacitroM kA tathAkathita jaina, gujarAtI athavA rAjasthAnI zailI para kSINa-sA prabhAva par3A ho. 1565 se 1580 zatI taka mugalazailI ke sampanna hone ke bAda se hI rAjasthAnI zailI meM bhI parivartana hone lagA hai. isake pUrva kI rAjasthAnI citra kalA ko zailI ke dRSTikoNa se jaina athavA gujarAtI citrakalA se prathak dekhanA ucita nahIM hogA. nATakIya va alaMkRta saMyojanazailI kI grAmINatA va TheThapana, caTakIle raMgoM kA samatala prayoga va Alekhana kI tatparatA isa kalA ke AkarSaka aMga haiM. savAcazma cehare, lambI nukIlI nAka, cehare kI sImAMta rekhA ko pAra karatI dUsarI AMkha, choTI Ama kI guThalI-sI ThuDDI, phaTe phaTe kAna taka khice, lambe naina, striyoM kA ubharA vakSa, kSINa kaTi, colI, laMhagA, dupaTTA, puruSoM ke cakadAra (tIna kAnoM vAle) jAmeM, aTapaTI pagar3iyA~, dupaTTe va paTake ityAdi ke Alekhana ne isa zailI meM eka anokhApana lA diyA hai. isameM paramparAgata kalA kA apabhraMza rUpa jhalakane para bhI grAmINatA kA AkarSaNa va nirdoSitA dikhAI detI hai. gIta goviMda, durgAsaptazatI, kathAkAvya ratirahasya ityAdi inake viSaya rahe haiM. rAjasthAnI zailI kA yaha rUpa dhIre-dhIre saMvardhita ho 16 vIM zatI ke aMta taka apanatva pAne lagA. 1591 zatI ke uttarAdhyayana sUtra kI prati meM, jo isa samaya bar3audA myUjiyama meM hai, isa zailI kA parivartita rUpa spaSTa lakSita hotA hai. yahA~ savAcazma cehare ke sthAna para eka cazma cehare dIkhane lagate haiM.-sImAMta rekhA ko pAra karatI dUsarI AMkha lupta ho gaI, alaMkaraNa va nATakIya saMyojana zithila par3a gayA, prakRticitraNa adhika vAstavika hone lagA, mudrAoM kI jakar3ana DhIlI ho gaI, raMgoM meM bahulatA A gaI, saMyojana meM viralatA ke sthAna para ghanatva chAne lagA, eka-sI koNadAra va vegamayI rekhAeM golAkAra ho bhAvAnugAmI bana, jagaha-jagaha loca khAtI kahIM pIna to kahIM sthUla hone lagI. zailI ke isa navanirmANa ko rAjasthAnI citrakalA kA udbhava mAnanA cAhie. rAjasthAnI citrakalA ke nirmANa meM mugalakalA kA kitanA hAtha rahA hai, yaha vivAda kA viSaya ho sakatA hai, para yaha nizcaya hai isakA yaha rUpa hone ke pUrva hI 1565 se 1580 taka mugalakalA samunnata ho cukI thI, phira akabara kI sulaha pUrNa nIti ne bhI rAjasthAna ke adhikAMza bhAga ko sAMskRtika dRSTi se eka kara diyA thA. aisI hAlata meM rAjasthAnI kalA para mugalakalA kA prabhAva na par3A ho yaha samajha meM nahIM AtA. mevAr3a isa navIna zailI kA pramukha kendra thA. 11 vIM zatI ke anta taka isakA maulika rUpa bana cukA thA. 17 vIM zatI 1. zraddhaya muni zrIpuNyavijaya jI ne jesalamera ke jJAna bhaMDAroM se jaina kalA ke anupama namUne khojakara rAjasthAnI va ajaMtA-eloga kalA ke bIca kI kar3I jor3a dI hai. lakar3I kI karIba caudaha sacitra paTaliyA~ Apane DhUMDha nikAlI jinameM kamala kI vela vAlI paTalI atyanta vilakSaNa hai, isakA Alekhana zrI sArAbhAI navAba kI bharata va bAhubalI vAlI paTalI kI doharo vela kA sA hai-alaMkaraNa to aura bhI anokhA. ina veloM meM eka meM jirAka aura dUsare meM geMr3e kA aMkana kiyA gayA hai jo bhAratIya kalA meM zAyada pahale pahala yahI huA ho. eka citra meM makara ke mukha se nikalato kamala vela banAI gaI hai. aisI vela sAMcI, amarAvatI va mathurA ke ardha citroM kI vizeSatA hai. ataeva jesalamera kalA ko prAcInatA para va paramparAgata kalA ke sAnnidhya para ye citra gaharA prakAza DAlate haiM. DU AMPANDHAN MANARDANA SHSANANINIRANASININEVASINERININISANOSOSE Jain EN Morely.org
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________________ / pro0 paramAnanda coyala : rAjasthAnI citrakalA : 665 ke vizada rAjanaitika vatAvAraNa meM bhI mevAr3a kI citrakalA unnatonmukha rahI hai. zrI gopIkRSNa kanaur3iyA (kalakattA) ke pAsa 1605 zatI kA mevAr3a kalama kA banA rAgamAlA seTa hai jo zAyada cAmuNDa meM citrita kiyA gayA thA. isakI rekhAoM ke koNoM va raMgoM kI caTakadAra vaNikA meM jaina athavA gujarAtI zailI kA kSINa-sA prabhAva jhalakatA hai. 1605 meM mevADa zailI meM grAmINatA va sthUlatA dikhAI detI hai. dhIre-dhIre-dhIre isameM sutharApana va paripakvatA Ane lagI para sAtha hI mugala prabhAva bhI dIkhane lagA. 17vIM zatI ke madhya taka isa prabhAva ko mevAr3a kalama ne AtmasAta kara apane nijasva ko ubhAra liyA. usa samaya svAmI vallabhAcArya dvArA pratipAdita vaiSNava dharma kI bhaktidhArA samasta uttarI bhArata, gujarAta va rAjasthAna ko plAvita kara rahI thI. ataH mevAr3a meM bhI bhAgavat purANa kI kaI sacitra pratiyAM banIM, sAhabadI kI banAI 1642 IsavI kI bhAgavata purANa kI prati isa samaya udayapura ke sarasvatI bhaMDAra meM surakSita hai, isakI eka prati sarasvatI bhaMDAra koTA meM bhI hai. bhAgavat ke kaI sacitra panne rASTrIya saMgrahAlaya, naI dillI meM haiM. 1651 meM cittaur3a meM banI rAmAyaNa kI ukta prati sarasvatI bhaMDAra, udayapura meM haiM va manohara dvArA citrita eka prati 'priMsa oNpha velsa zyUjiyama bambaI' meM hai. rASTrIya saMgrahAlaya kI jema pelesa rAgamAlA va bIkAnera saMgrahAlayakI rasikapriyA (17vIM zati kA madhya) ke citra mevAr3a kalama ke zreSThatama namUne haiM. gItagovinda para bhI citra banAe gaye. kaMvara saMgrAma siMha, navalagar3ha ke pAsa gItagoviMda ke kaI chinna citra prApya haiM. lagabhaga 1560-51 ke bane sUrasAgara ke kaI citra bhI gopIkRSNa kanaur3iyA ke saMgraha meM haiM. mevAr3I citroM ke raMga zuddha va atyanta caTakIle haiM. pRSThabhUmi meM raMgoM kA samatala prayoga kiyA gayA hai. striyAM ThiMganI para suMdara va AkarSaka banAI gaI haiM. prakRticitraNa meM alaMkAraNa A gayA hai. kahIM-kahIM bAda ke citroM meM mugala prabhAva ke kAraNa halkA-sA yathArtha kA puTa bhI dikhAI dene lagatA hai. pahAr3iyoM va caTTAnoM ke Alekhana meM yaha prabhAva sApha pahacAnA jA sakatA hai. ghumAvadAra rekhAoM kI AvRtti se nadI ke bahAva ko darzAne kA prayatna kiyA hai, dRzyA kA prayoga rUr3hi mAtra raha gayA hai. virodhI raMgoM ke bIca ghaTanAmUlaka pAtroM ko isa taraha kI raMga-biraMgI veSabhUSA meM citrita kiyA gayA hai ki A~kheM atirikta ubhAra ko dekhakara TikI-sI raha jAtI haiM. pazu-pakSI kA citraNa aksara jaina athavA gujarAtI zailI-sA huA hai--ghor3oM va hAthI ke citraNa meM mugala zailI kI yathArthatA ke darzana hote haiM. rAta kA citraNa syAha pRSThabhUmi para cAMda tAre banAkara kiyA gayA hai. puruSa veSabhUSA meM gheradAra jAmeM paTakA (kamarabaMda) jahAMgIra athavA zAhajahAMnumA pagar3iyAM va striyoM meM lahaMgA, colI, jhInI or3anI ityAdi banAe gae haiM. mevAr3a kalama ke viSaya nAyaka nAyikA bheda, rAgamAlA, bhAgavata, purANa va rAmAyaNa ityAdi rahe haiM. rAdhAkRSNa ko lekara zRMgArika citroM kI racanA kI gaI para unake AvaraNa meM tatkAlIna samAja kA saccA aksa pratibimbita ho pAyA hai. 17vIM zatI kA aMta hote-hote mevAr3a zailI kA yaha ujjvala kAla samApta ho gayA. citroM kI bAr3ha A gaI, parantu zailI meM DhIlApana bar3hane lagA. isa zailI kA pracAra itanA phailA ki choTe-choTe ThikAnedAra bhI citroM ke rasika hogae. vyakticitra darabAra zikAra va savAriyoM ke dRzya janAnakhAne va raMgareliyoM ke dRzya aba mevAr3a kalama ke viSaya hone lage. bhakta ratnAvalI, pRthvIrAja rAso, durgAmAhAtmya va paMcataMtra ityAdi para isa kAla meM saikar3oM citra bane jinameM kalAtmakatA zanaiH zanaiH lupta hone lagI. mevAr3a ke bAda kalA-kSetra meM bUdI kA sthAna AtA hai / bhArata kalA bhavana kI dIpaka rAga va myUnisipala myUjiyama, ilAhAbAda kI bhairava rAginI isa kalama kI sabase prAcIna prApta racanAe~ haiM. inameM mevAr3a kI-sI grAmINatA va alhar3apana ke sAtha-sAtha mugalI sutharApana va kamanIyatA bhI dikhAI detI hai. inake raMga prabhAvotpAdaka teja va camakIle haiM. per3a paudhoM va pazu-pakSI ke citraNa meM itanA sIdhA va saccA nirIkSaNa inhIM citroM meM pahale-pahala milatA hai. caur3I A~kheM, moTI gar3hedAra ThuDDI, patalI nukIlI nAka, bhArI ceharA ityAdi 17vIM zatI ke mevAr3acitroM kI yAda dilA jAte haiM. zailI-vilakSaNatA dekhakara mAlUma hotA hai ki bhairavI rAginI kA citraNa-kAla 1625 IsavI ke lagabhaga rahA hogA. mevAr3a - REA ALERS FOR PASEKA danNINbanavAnAvAcavAvAbAbavAvANININRNaray
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________________ 666 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya zailI se hI bUMdI kalA kI utpatti mAnI jAnI cAhie, hAlAMki mugalazailI kI najAkata kA bhI isameM kama prabhAva nahIM par3A. puruSoM kI veSabhUSA meM camakadAra (konenumA) jAmeM va aTapaTI pagar3iyoM ke pahanAve se inakI prAcInatA AMkI jA sakatI hai. nezanala myUjiyama dillI meM bUMdI kalama ke kaI prAcIna rekhA-citra prApta haiM, jinameM cehare ke koNa miTane lage haiM. racanAcAturya, kalama kI kArIgarI, zailI kI praur3hatA, raMgoMkA mAdhurya va Alekhana kI saccAI dekhakara bhAna hotA hai ki ye citra 1630 se 1660 ke lagabhaga bane hoMge. karla khaMDelavAla dvArA prakAzita bUMdI kalama ke citra kAphI prAcIna haiM. isa taraha ke citroM kA samaya 1660 se.1660 IsavI taka thA. strI ceharoM kI banAvaTa meM ina bUMdI ke Arambhika citroM meM mevAr3a zailI kA atyadhika prabhAva jhalakatA hai, phira bhI gaThana meM yaha kAphI puSTa haiM. inameM dRzya citraNa bhI adhika yathArtha bana par3A hai. yahAM bUMdI kI apanI AkRtiyoM kA nirmANa hote hama sarva prathama dekhate haiM. aba cehare choTe va gola ho gaye haiM. gAloM kI golAI dikhAne ke liye A~kha ke nIce va nAka ke pAsa chAyA kA prayoga kiyA jAne lagA jo mevAr3a kalama ke citroM meM kahIM nahIM dikhAI detA. mevAr3a citroM meM cehare capaTe banate the. jina ceharoM meM mevAr3I prabhAva dikhAI detA hai ve bhI atyanta kamanIya banAe gaye haiM. cehare kA raMga lAla va kiMcit bhUrApana liye hue haiM. raMga caTakIle hone para maMdabhUta va gambhIra hone lage haiM. pAnI bala khAtI rekhAoM kI AvRtti dvArA citrita kiyA gayA hai. pRSThabhUmikA kI harItimA ko lAla-pIle phUloM se AcchAdita dikhAyA gayA hai. imAratoM kA citraNa bhI bar3I dakSatA se usameM jar3I huI ekaeka IMTa banAkara kiyA gayA hai. 18vIM zatI ke madhya ke bane bUMdI zailI ke citra atyanta madhura va zreSTha haiM. zrI kanaur3iyA ke saMgraha meM isa zatI ke bane rAga rAganiyoM ke 36 citroM ko dekhakara inake sauMdarya kA bhAna kiyA jA sakatA hai. 18vIM zatI ke anta meM yaha sutharApana va nirUpaNa kA mAdhurya kSINa hone lagA. lAla raMga kI jagaha camakadAra pIlA raMga aba ceharoM meM bharA jAne lagA. golAI ke lie atyadhika paradAja kA prayoga kucha-kucha karkazatA paidA karane lagA. pAnI darzAne vAlI sapheda rekhAe~ bhI ghanI va moTI hone lagI. muMha ke samIpa chAyA dikhAkara pRSThabhUmi se AkRti ko ubhArane kA betukA prayatna kiyA jAne lagA. per3a paudhoM ko ghane phUla pattoM va latAoM se AcchAdita kiyA jAne lagA. nAriyoM ke vastroM meM jagaha-jagaha sone kI tabaka' kI chir3akana ne cakAcauMdha paidA kara kautUhala bar3hA diyA, parantu bhAvAbhivyakti jAtI rahI aura aisA lagA ki zailI meM yaha mugaliyA zAna zaukata kI milAvaTa dhIre-dhIre ise avanatonmukha karane lagI. raMgoM kI gaharAI meM bhI parivartana ho gayA. zAMti va komala raMgoM kA prayoga hone lagA-mInAkArI va nakkAzI bar3ha gaI. per3a adhika svAbhAvika banane lage parantu aba phUla pattoM va latAoM kA raMga-biraMgA paridhAna lupta hone lagA. per3a va pattoM meM chAyA va prakAza adhika darzAyA jAne lagA. pAnI ke liye cAMdI kA raMga prayukta hone lagA. jagaha-jagaha maoNDaliMga meM[gar3hana] mugala prabhAva jhalakane lagA. rAtri ke citraNa meM yaha prabhAva atyadhika bar3ha gayA. 18vIM zatI ke anta ke citroM meM raMgoM kI karkazatA va alaMkaraNa kI bahatAyata ne citropama sauMdarya kho diyA. kahIM-kahIM citra apUrNa hI chor3a diye gaye gaye haiM. inameM nAriyoM ke cehare bhArI va beDaula banAe gae haiM. A~kheM ghumAvadAra va lambI, ThuDDI bhArI aura lalATa candana se putA huA. zAyada bUMdI kA dakSiNa se bhI rAjanaitika va sAMskRtika saMbaMdha rahA hogA. isI kAraNa dakSiNI zailI kA bhI prabhAva bUMdI kalama meM dikhAI detA hai. baMdI ke citroM meM 18vIM zatI meM raMga capaTe, prANahIna va badaraMga ho gaye aura dhIre-dhIre zailI kA svAbhAvika sauMdarya jAtA rahA. rAjasthAnI citrakalA meM kizanagar3ha kalama kI dena bejor3a hai. rAjA mAnasiMha [1658-1706] ke samaya se hI kizanagar3ha meM zreSTha kalAkAra pAe jAte haiM. mAnasiMha kI yuvAvasthA kI eka ojapUrNa tasvIra nezanala myUjiyama dillI meM hai. jisa meM vaha ghor3e para savAra haiM va bhaiMse kA zikAra kara rahe haiM. yaha citra 1664 zatI kA hai. isameM auraMgajeba kAlIna mugala kalA kA prabhAva jhalakatA hai. mAnavAkRti meM suphiyAnApana kizanagar3ha kalama meM yahIM se zurU ho gayA thA. 18vIM zatI ke rAjA zeSamala ke zabIha citra meM yaha aura bhI gaharA ho gayA. rAjA ke irda-girda tahajIba va kAyade kAnUna se khar3e hAkima hukkAma, pRSThabhUmi meM dRSTikramAnusAra aMkita jhIla va kilA, prakRti kA svAbhAvika citraNa ina sabameM auraMgajeba va pharrukhasiyara kAla kI kalA kA kAphI prabhAva dikhAI detA hai. bhavAnIdAsa isa samaya kA prasiddha citrakAra thA. rAjA _Jain Edit Dinemorary.org --
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________________ pro0 paramAnanda coyala : rAjasthAnI citrakalA : 667 zeSamala kA suMdara citra isI kalAkAra kI racanA hai. sAvaMtasiMha [kavi nAgarIdAsa ne kAvyaracanA 1723 zatI se hI Arambha kara dI thI. usakI rAdhAsauMdarya kI parAkASThA thI. usakA rUpa alaukika thA phira bhI atyanta laukika. kizanagar3ha kalama ke citeroM ke liye yaha rUpa Adarza bana gayA aura isI samaya se yahAM kI kalA meM eka krAnti-sI utpanna ho gaI. 1735 se 1757 zatI taka kizanagar3ha kalA kA svarNayuga thA jaba ki nihAlacanda ba usase prabhAvita kalAkAra kavi nAgarIdAsa ke kAvya ko sAkAra kara rahe the. rAjasiMha kI kalAbhiruci anya rAjAoM jaisI hI thI- zabIha lagavAnA, darabAra savArI athavA zikAra ke dRzya banavAnA ityAdi. isameM bhI sandeha nahIM ki rAdhAkRSNa kI lIlAoM ke citra rAjasthAna meM usa samaya taka banane lage the, kintu jo bhAvAtmakatA, kalpanA kI sUkSmatA, lAkSaNikatA, mAdakatA, manovaijJAnika nirIkSaNa, dRSTi kA painApana, va mAnavarUpa kI parAkASThA sAMvatasiMha ke samaya meM AI usane sAre rAjasthAna kI kalA meM hI jAgRti kI lahara daur3A dI. usase 18vIM zatI meM vaha citra bane jo vizva kalA kI nidhi bana gae. kavi nAgarIdAsa kI rAdhA, nihAlacanda dvArA citrita baNIThaNI saMsAra prasiddha [citrakAra linArDo DIviMcI] monA liso ke samakSa prAdarapUrvaka rakhI jA sakatI hai. 17vIM zatI meM citrakalA ke kaI kendra ho gaye. mebAr3a, bUMdI. ajamera bIkAnera ityAdi aneka sthAnoM meM zreSTha citra banane lage, Amera va jodhapura meM bhI isa samaya citroM kA itihAsa milatA hai parantu vaha bahuta hI uthalA hai. yahAM ke citra kAphI Arambhika isa samaya dIkha par3ate haiM. 17vIM atI ke anta meM bIkAnera meM mugala zailI se atyanta prabhAvita eka sthAnIya zailI panapatI rahI. isa para dakSiNI zailI kA bhI prabhAva par3A. yahAM kI lambI AkRtiyoM va vizeSa prakAra ke per3a paudhoM va phUla pattI ityAdi ke citraNa se yaha bAta spaSTa ho jAtI hai. 18vIM zatI meM citroM kI bAr3ha-sI A gaI. eka-eka rAjya yahAM taka ki choTe se choTe ThikAne meM bhI citra zAlAe~ khulane degI. hajAroM kI saMkhyA meM citra banane lage. jayapura, jodhapura, udayapura, bIkAnera ityAdi isake mukhya kendra bana gae. jayapura ke rAsamaMDala ke citra jo pothIkhAne meM saMgrahita haiM, atyanta gatipUrNa haiM. uSNa raMgoM va oja kI aba citroM meM kamI dIkhane lago. DheroM citra bane jinameM se acche citra uMgaliyoM para gine jA sakate haiM. 16vIM zatI meM citroM kI bAr3heM unmAda sI bar3ha gaI. 1850 zatI ke bAda ke citroM meM kalAtmakatA ke sthAna para kevala kArIgarI dikhAI dene lagI va dhIre-dhIre isameM bhI zithilatA Ane lagI. unakI kImata aba bAjAra ke mola tola sI hI raha gaI. 16vIM zatI ke uttarArdha va 20vIM zatI ke Arambha meM prAcIna citroM kI anukRti karane vAle ghaTiyA kisma ke yUropIya citroM va phoTogrAphI se prerita citere yatra tatra bAjAroM meM baiThe dikhAI dene lage. tabhI baMgAla meM zrI avanIndranAtha Taigora ne kalA kA punanirmANa kara samasta bhArata meM jAgRti kI eka naI lahara daur3A dI. rAjasthAna ne bhI usameM apanA yogadAna diyA. zrI zailendra nAtha De kI preraNA se kI rAmagopAla vijayavargIya ne rAjasthAna kI mRtaprAya kalA meM phira se cetanA paidA kI. isa samaya rAjasthAna meM citrakalA ke tIna rUpa pracalita haiM. eka vaha jisake pravartaka paramparAgata kalA ke punanirmANa meM saMlagna haiM. rAmagopAla vijayavargIya, govardhana jozI, rAmanivAsa varmA, devakInandana zarmA Adi isa zailI ke ullekhanIya kalAkAra haiM. dUsare yathArtha zailI meM parIkSaNa karane vAle kalAkAra haiM. zrIbhUrasiMha zekhAvata va zrI bhavAnIcaraNa guI isa zreNI ke smaraNIya kalAkAra haiM. kalA kA tIsarA rUpa vaha hai jisameM Adhunika kalA kI vibhinna pravRttayoM para prayogAtmaka citra banAne vAle kalAkAra Ate haiM. ina paMktiyoM kA lekhaka, zrI Ara. vI. sakhAlakAra, raNajIta siMha va jyotirmAna svarUpa ityAdi isake gine mAne kalAkAra haiM. punarjAgaraNa kA abhI rAjasthAna meM zaizavakAla hI hai. 18vIM va 16vIM zatI kI rAjasthAnI kalA ne vizvakalA meM jo sthAna pAyA usa para AsIna hone ke liye rAjasthAna ko abhI kala kI pratIkSA hai. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ zrIparamAnanda jaina, zAstrI madhyabhArata kA jaina purAtattva zramaNa saMskRti kA pratIka jainadharma prAgatihAsika kAla se calA ArahA hai, vaha bauddha dharma se atyanta prAcIna aura svataMtra dharma hai. vedoM aura bhAgavata Adi hindU dharma granthoM meM upalabdha jaina dharma sambandhI vivaraNoM ke samyak parizIlana se vidvAnoM ne ukta kathana kA samarthana kiyA hai. prAcIna kAla meM bhArata meM do saMskRtiyoM ke astitva kA patA calatA hai, zramaNasaMskRti aura vaidika saMskRti mohanajodAro meM samupalabdha dhyAnastha yogiyoM kI mUrtiyoM kI prApti se jainadharma kI prAcInatA nirvivAda siddha hotI hai. vaidika yuga meM vrAtyoM aura zramaNoM kI paramparA kA pratinidhitva jainadharma ne hI kiyA thA. isa yuga meM jaina dharma ke Adipravartaka Adi brahmA AdinAtha the, jo nAbhiputra ke nAma se prasiddha haiM jinakI stuti vedoM meM kI gaI hai. inhIM AdinAtha ke putra bharata cakravartI the jinake nAma se isa deza kA nAma bhAratavarSa par3A 3. jainadharma ke darzana sAhitya, kalA, saMskRti aura purAtatva Adi kA bhAratIya itihAsa meM mahatvapUrNa sthAna rahA hai. itihAsa meM purAtattva kA kitanA mahattva hai, yaha purAtattvajJa bhalIbhAMti jAnate haiM. bhAratIya itihAsa meM madhya pradeza kA jaina purAtattva bhI kama mahattva kA nahIM hai. vahA~ para avasthita jaina sthApatya, kalAtmaka alaMkaraNa, mandira, mUrtiyA~, zilAlekha, tAmrapatra aura prazastiyoM Adi meM jainiyoM kI mahattvapUrNa sAmagrI kA aMkana milatA hai. yadyapi bhArata meM hinduoM, bauddhoM aura jainoM ke purAtatva kI pracuratA dRSTigocara hotI hai aura ye sabhI alaMkaraNa apanI-apanI dhArmikatA ke liye prasiddha haiM. parantu una saba meM kucha aise kalAtmaka alaMkaraNa bhI upalabdha hote haiM, jo apane-apane dharma kI khAsa maulikatA ko liye hue haiM. jainoM aura bauddhoM meM stUpa aura ayAgapaTa bhI milate haiM. aneka jaina stUpa galtI se bauddha batalA diye gaye haiM. ayAgapaTa bhI apanI khAsa vizeSatA ko liye hue milate haiM. jaise kaMkAlITIlA mathurA se mile haiM. ye sabhI alaMkaraNa bhAratIya purAtattva kI amUlya dena haiM. madhyapradeza ke purAtatva para dRSTi DAlane se jJAta hotA hai ki vahA~ adhika prAcIna sthApatya to nahIM milate, parantu kalacUrI aura caMdelakAlIna saundaryAbhivyaMjaka alaMkaraNa pracura mAtrA meM milate haiM. usase pUrva kI sAmagrI virala rUpa meM pAI jAtI hai, usa kAla kI sAmagrI prAyaH vinaSTa ho cukI hai, aura kucha bhUmisAt ho gaI hai. bauddhoM ke sAMcI stUpa aura tadgata sAmagrI purAnI hai. vidizA kI udayagiri guphA meM jainiyoM ke tevIsaveM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha kI pratimA sachatra avasthita thI, parantu vahAM aba kevala phaNa hI avaziSTa hai. mUrti kA koI patA nahIM calatA ki kahAM gaI, parantu prAcIna sAmagrI ke saMketa avazya milate haiM jinase jAnA jAtA hai ki vahAM maurya aura gupta kAla ke avazeSa milane cAhie. kitanI hI purAtana sAmagrI bhUgarbha meM dabI par3I hai aura kucha khaNDaharoM meM pariNata huI sisakiyAM le rahI hai. kintu hamArA dhyAna abhI taka usake samuddharaNa kI ora nahIM gayA. jabalapura hanumAnatAla ke digambara jaina mandira meM sthita eka kalAtmaka mUrti zilpa kI dRSTi se atyanta sundara aura mUlyavAn hai. vaisI mUrtiyA~ mahAkozala meM bahuta hI kama upalabdha hoMgI. usameM kalA kI sUkSma bhAvanA, udAtta evaM
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________________ paramAnanda jaina : madhyabhArata kA jaina purAtatva : 666 gaMbhIra vicAra aura bArIka chainI kA AbhAsa usake pratyeka aMga se parilakSita hotA hai. isI taraha devagar3ha kA viSNumandira bhI guptakAlIna kalA kA sundara pratIka hai aura bhI aneka kalAtmaka alaMkaraNoM kA yatra tatra saMketa milatA hai, jo tatkAlIna kalA kI maulika dena hai. isa taraha ukta tInoM hI sampradAyoM kI purAtAttvika sAmagrI kA astittva jarUra rahA hai, parantu vartamAna meM vaha virala hI hai. madhyapradeza ke purAtAttvika sthAna aura unakA saMkSipta paricaya madhyapradeza ke khajurAhA, mahovA, devagar3ha, ahAra, madanapura, bANapura, jatArA, rAyapura, jabalapura, satanA, navAgar3ha, gvAliyara, bhilasA, bhojapura, maU, dhArA, baDavAnI aura ujjaina Adi purAtattva kI sAmagrI ke kendrasthAna haiM. ina sthAnoM kI kalAtmaka vastue~ candela aura kalacUrI kalA kA nidarzana karA rahI haiM. yadyapi madhyapradeza meM jaina zAstrabhaMDAroM ke saMkalana kI viralatA rahI hai. 5-7 sthAna hI aise milate haiM jahA~ acche zAstrabhaMDAra pAe jAte haiM. yadyapi pratyeka mandira meM thor3e bahuta grantha avazya pAye jAte haiM para acchA saMkalana nahIM milatA. isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki vahAM bhaTTArakIya paramparA kA prabhAva adhika nahIM ho pAyA hai. jahA~-jahA~ bhaTTArakIya gaddiyAM aura unake vihAra kI suvidhA rahI hai vahAM vahA~ acchA saMgraha pAyA jAtA hai. prAcIna hastalikhita granthoM kA jaisA saMkalana rAjasthAna, gujarAta, dakSiNa bhArata tathA paMjAba ke kucha sthAnoM meM pAyA jAtA hai vaisA madhya pradeza meM nahIM milatA. madhya pradeza ke jina katipaya sthAnoM ke nAmoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai una meM se kucha sthAnoM kA yahA~ saMkSipta paricaya denA hI isa lekha kA viSaya hai. yadyapi mAlava prAnta bhI kisI samaya jaina dharma kA kendrasthala rahA hai, aura vahAM aneka sAdhu-santoM aura vidvAnoM kA jamaghaTa rahA hai| khAsakara vikrama kI 10 vIM zatAbdI se 13 vIM zatAbdI taka vahAM di0 jaina sAdhuoM Adi kA adhyayana, adhyApana tathA vihAra hotA rahA hai, aura vahA~ aneka granthoM kI racanA kI gaI hai. sAtha hI aneka prAcIna uttuMga maMdira aura mUrtiyoM kA nirmANa bhI huA hai, parantu rAjyaviplavAdi aura sAmpradAyika vyAmoha Adi se unakA saMrakSaNa nahIM ho sakA hai. ataH kitanI hI mahattva kI aitihAsika aura sAMskRtika sAmagrI vilupta ho gaI hai. jo avaziSTa baca pAI hai usakA saMrakSaNa bhI dUbhara ho gayA hai. aura bAda meM una sthAnoM meM vaisA majabUta saMgaThana nahIM bana sakA hai, jisase jaina saMskRti aura usakI mahatvapUrNa sAmagrI kA saMkalana aura saMrakSaNa kiyA jA sakatA. khajurAhA-yaha candelakAlIna utkRSTa zilpakalA kA pratIka hai. yahAM khajUra kA vRkSa hone ke kAraNa 'kharjurapura' nAma pAyA jAtA hai. khajurAhA jAne ke do mArga haiM. eka mArga-jhA~sI-mAnikapura relave lAina para harapAlapura yA mahovA se chatarapura jAnA par3atA haiM. aura dUsarA mArga-jhA~sI se bInA sAgara hote hue moTara dvArA chatarapura jAyA jAtA hai aura chatarapura se satanA jAne vAlI sar3aka para se bIsa mIla dUra vamIThA meM eka pulisa thAnA hai, vahAM se rAjanagara ko jo daza mIla mArga jAtA hai usake 7 veM mIla para khajurAhA avasthita hai. moTara harapAlapura se tIsa mIla chatarapura aura vahA~ se khajurAhA hotI huI rAjanagara jAtI hai. yahA~ bhArata kI utkRSTa sAMskRtika sthApatya aura vAstukalA ke kSetra meM candela samaya kI dedIpyamAna kalA apanA sthira prabhAva aMkita kiye hue hai. candela rAjAoM kI bhArata ko yaha asAdhAraNa dena hai. ina rAjAoM ke samaya meM hindU saMskRti ko bhI phalane-phUlane kA paryApta avasara milA hai. usa kAla meM sAMskRtika kalA aura sAhitya ke vikAsa ko prazraya milA jAna par3atA hai. yahI kAraNa hai ki usa kAla ke kalA-pratIkoM kA yadi saMkalana kiyA jAya, jo yatra-tatra bikharA par3A hai, usase na kevala prAcIna kalA kI rakSA hogI balki usa kAla kI kalA ke mahattva para bhI prakAza par3egA aura prAcIna kalA ke prati janatA kA abhinava AkarSaNa bhI hogA, kyoMki kalA kalAkAra ke jIvana kA sajIva citraNa hai. usakI Atma-sAdhanA kaThora chainI aura tattvasvarUpa ke nikhArane kA dAyitva hI usakI kartavyaniSThA evaM ekAgratA kA pratIka hai. bhAvoM kI abhivyaMjanA hI kalAkAra ke jIvana kA maulika rUpa hai, usase hI jIvana meM sphUrti aura AkarSaka zakti kI jAgRti hotI hai. uccatama kalA ke vikAsa se tatkAlIna itihAsa ke nirmANa meM paryApta sahAyatA milatI hai. Sess Jain Dante al or Plate Drop rww.janelionyy.org
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________________ 700 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya bundelakhaNDa meM candela aura kalacUrI Adi rAjAoM ke zAsanakAla meM jainadharma kA prabhAva sarvatra vyApta rahA hai, aura usa samaya aneka kalApUrNa mUttiyAM tathA saikar3oM mandiroM kA nirmANa bhI huA hai. khajurAho kI kalA to itihAsa meM apanA viziSTa sthAna rakhatI hI hai. yadyapi khajurAho meM kitanI hI khaNDita mUrtiyAM pAI jAtI haiM, jo sAmpradAyika vidveSa kA pariNAma jAna par3atI haiM. yahA~ mandiroM ke tIna vibhAga haiM. pazcimI samUha ziva-viSNu-mandiroM kA hai. inameM mahAdeva kA mandira hI sabase pradhAna hai aura uttarIya samUha meM bhI viSNu ke choTe bar3e mandira haiM. dakSiNa-pUrvIya bhAga jaina mandiroM ke samUha se alaMkRta hai. yahAM mahAdevajI kI eka vizAla mUtti 8 phuTa UMcI aura tIna phuTa se adhika moTI hogI. varAha avatAra bhI atIva sundara hai. usakI U~cAI sambhavataH 3 hAtha hogI. vaMgezvara maMdira bhI sundara aura unnata hai, kAlI kA mandira bhI ramaNIya hai, para mUtti meM mA~ kI mamatA kA abhAva dRSTigata hotA hai, use bhayaMkaratA se AcchAdita jo kara diyA hai, jisase usameM jagadambA kI kalpanA kA vaha mAtRtva rUpa nahIM rahA. aura na dayA kSamA hI ko koI sthAna prApta hai, jo mAnavajIvana ke khAsa aMga haiM. vahA~ ke hindUmandira para jo nirAvaraNa deviyoM ke citra utkIrNa dekhe jAte haiM unase jJAta hotA hai ki usa samaya vilAsapriyatA kA atyadhika pravAha baha rahA thA. isI se zilpiyoM kI kalA meM bhI use yatheSTa prazraya milA hai. khajurAho kI nandI mUrti dakSiNa ke mandiroM meM aMkita nandI mUrtiyoM se bahuta kucha sAmya rakhatI hai. yadyapi dakSiNa kI mUrtiyAM AkAra-prakAra meM kahIM usase bar3I haiM. vartamAna meM yahAM tIna hI hindU mandira aura tIna hI jaina mandira haiM. unameM sabase prathama maMdira ghaMTAI kA hai. yaha mandira khajurAhA grAma kI ora dakSiNa pUrva kI ora avasthita hai, isake stambhoM meM ghaNTiyoM kI bela banI huI hai. isI se ise ghaNTAI kA mandira kahA jAtA hai. isa mandira kI zobhA apUrva hai. dUsarA mandira AdinAtha kA hai. yaha mandira ghaNTAI mandira ke hAte meM dakSiNa utara-pUrva kI ora avasthita hai. yaha maMdira bhI ramaNIya aura darzanIya hai. isa mandira meM pahale jo mUla nAyaka kI mUrti sthApita thI vaha kahA~ gaI, yaha kucha jJAta nahIM hotA. tIsarA mandira pArzvanAtha kA hai. yaha mandira saba mandiroM se vizAla hai. isameM pahale AdinAtha kI mUrti sthApita thI, usake gAyaba ho jAne para isameM pArzvanAtha kI mUtti sthApita kI gaI hai. isa mandira kI dIvAloM ke alaMkaraNoM meM vaidika devatAoM kI mUrtiyAM bhI utkIrNa haiM. yaha mandira atyanta darzanIya hai aura saMbhavataH dazavIM zatAbdI kA banA huA hai. isake pAsa hI zAMtinAtha kA mandira hai. ina saba mandiroM ke zikhara nAgara zailI ke bane hue haiM. aura bhI jahAM tahAM budelakhaNDa meM maMdiroM ke zikhara nAgara zailI ke bane hue milate haiM. ye maMdira apanI sthApatyakalA, nUtanatA aura vicitratA ke kAraNa AkarSaka haiM. yahAM kI mUttikalA, alaMkaraNa aura atula rUparAzi mAnava-kalpanA ko Azcarya meM DAla detI hai. ina alaMkaraNoM evaM sthApatya kalA ke namUnoM meM maMdiroM kA bAhya aura antarbhAva-vibhUSita hai. jahAM kalpanA meM sajIvatA, bhAvanA meM vicitratA tathA vicAroM kA citraNa, ina tInoM kA ekatra saMcita samUha hI mUrtikalA ke AdazoM kA namUnA hai, jinanAtha mandira ke bAhya dvAra para saMvat 1011 kA zilAlekha aMkita hai, jisase jJAta hotA hai ki yaha maMdira candela rAjA dhaMga ke rAjyakAla se pUrva banA hai. usa samaya muni vAsavacanda ke samaya meM pAhalavaMza ke eka vyakti pAhila ne, jo ghaMgarAjA ke dvArA mAnya thA, usane maMdira ko eka bAga bheMTa kiyA thA jisameM aneka vATikAe~ banI huI thIM.' zAntinAtha kA mandira-isa mandira meM eka vizAla mUtti jainiyoM ke 16veM tIrthaMkara bhagavAn zAntinAtha kI hai, jo 14 phaTa U~cI hai. yaha mutti zAnti kA pratIka hai, isakI kalA dekhate hI banatI hai. murti sAMgopAMga apane divya prazAnta rUpa meM sthita hai, aura aisI jJAta hotI hai ki zilpI ne abhI banAkara taiyAra kI ho. mUrti kitanI cittAkarSaka hai yaha lekhanI se pare kI bAta hai. zilpI kI bArIka chainI se mUrti kA nikharA huA vaha kalAtmaka rUpa darzaka ko Azcarya meM DAla detA 1. oM (iix) saMvat 1011 samaye / nijakula dhavaloyaM di Jain Ed org
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________________ paramAnanda jaina : madhyabhArata kA jaina purAtattva : 701 hai aura vaha use apanI ora AkRSTa karatA huA use dekhane kI bAra bAra utkaNThA utpanna kara rahA hai. mUtti ke agala bagala meM aneka sundara mUrtiyAM virAjita haiM jinakI saMkhyA anumAnataH 25 se kama nahIM jAna par3atI. yahAM sahasroM mUttiyAM khaNDita haiM. sahasrakUTa caityAlaya kA nirmANa bahuta bArIkI ke sAtha kiyA gayA hai. isa maMdira ke daravAje para eka cauMtIsA yaMtra hai, jisameM saba tarapha se aMkoMko jor3ane para unakA yoga cautIsa hotA hai. yaha yaMtra bar3A upayogI hai. jaba koI bAlaka bImAra hotA hai taba usa yantra ko usake gale meM bAMdha diyA jAtA hai aisI prasiddhi hai. bhagavAn zAntinAtha kI isa mUti ke nIce nimna lekha aMkita hai, jisase spaSTa hai ki yaha mUrti vikrama kI 11 vIM zatAbdI ke antima caraNa kI haiH / saM 1085 zrImAn AcAryaputra zrIThAkura devadhara suta zrI zividhIcandreyadevA: zrI zAntinAthasya pratimA kAriteti." khajurAhe kI khaMDita mUrtiyoM meM se kucha lekha nimna prakAra haiM : 1-saM0 1142 zrI AdinAthAya pratiSThAkAraka zreSThI vIvanazAha bhAryA seThAnI padmAvatI. cauthe naM0 kI vedI meM kRSNa pASANa kI hathelI aura nAsikA se khaNDita jainiyoM ke bIsaveM tIrthakara munisuvratanAtha kI eka mUrti hai. usake lekha se mAlUma hotA hai ki yaha mUrti vikrama kI 13 vIM zatAbdI ke prArambha meM pratiSThita huI hai. lekha meM mUlasaMgha dezIgaNa ke paMDita nAganandI ke ziSya paM0 bhAnukIti aura AryikA meruzrI dvArA pratiSThita karAye jAne kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai. vaha lekha isa prakAra hai : 'saM0 1215 mAgha sudI 5 ravI dezIyagaNe paMDita nAha [ga] nandI tacchiSyaH paMDita zrI bhAnukIti AryikA meruzrI pratinandaMtu'. isa taraha khajurAhA sthApatyakalA kI dRSTi se atyanta darzanIya hai. mahovA- isakA prAcIna nAma kAkapura,pATanapura aura mahotsava yA mahotsavapura thA. isa rAjyakA saMsthApaka caMdelavaMzI rAjA candravarmA thA jo san 800 meM huA hai. isa rAjya ke do rAjAoM kA nAma khUba prasiddha rahA hai. unakA nAma kIrtivarmA aura madanavarmA thA. IsvI san 600 ke lagabhaga rAjadhAnI khajurAhA se mahovA meM sthApita ho gaI thI. kaniMghama ne apanI riporTa meM isakA nAma 'jaMjAhuti' diyA hai. cInI yAtrI hvenasAMga ne bhI apane yAtrAvivaraNa meM, 'jainAbhukti' kA ullekha kiyA hai. yahAM kI jhIleM prasiddha haiM. yahAM nagara meM hindU aura musalamAnoM ke smAraka bhI milate haiM. jaina saMskRti kI pratIka jaina mUrtiyAM bhI yatra-tatra chitarI huI milatI haiM. kucha samaya pahale khudAI karane para yahAM bahuta-sI jaina mUrtiyA~ milI thIM, jo saMbhavataH saM0 1200 ke lagabhaga thIM. unameM se eka lalitapura kSetrapAla meM aura zeSa bAMdA meM virAjamAna haiM. yahAM eka 20 phuTa UMcA TIlA hai. vahAM se aneka khaNDita jaina mUrtiyAM milI haiM. mahovA ke Asa-pAsa ke grAmoM aura nagaroM meM bhI aneka dhvasta jainamaMdira aura mUrtiyAM upalabdha hotI haiM. una khaNDita mUrtiyoM ke AsanoM para jo choTe-choTe lekha mile haiM, unameM se kucha lekhoM kA sAra nimna prakAra hai: 1- 'saMvat 1166 rAjA jayavarmA. 2-saM0 1203. 3-zrI madanavarmA devarAjye saM0 1211 ASAr3ha su0 3 zanau deva zrIneminAtha, rUpakAra lakSmaNa. 4-sumatinAtha saM0 1213 mAgha su0 dU0 gurau, 5-saM0 1220 jeTha sudI 8 ravI 2. vyamUrtisva (zI) la sa (za) ma damaguNayukta sarva 3. satvAnukaMpo (ix) khajanitatoSo ghAMgarAjena 4. mAnyaH praNamati jinanAthoyaM bhavca (vya) pAhila (lla). 5. nAmA. (ii) 1|| pAhilavATikA 1 candravATikA. 6. laghucandravATikA 3 saM0 (zaM) karavATikA 4 paMcAi 7. taluvATikA 5 AmravATikA 65 () gavAr3I 7 (iix). 8. pAhilavaMse (ze) tukSaye kSINe aparavezo yaH kopi. 6. tiSThati (ix) tasya dAsasya dAsoyaM mamadattistu pAla-- 10. yet / / mahArAja guru strI (zrI) vAsavacandra (iix) veSa (zA) pa (kha) sudi 7 somadine. Jain Educal Intemayonal NAYA
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________________ 702 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya sAdhudeva gaNa tasya putra ratnapAla praNamati nityaM. 6-......tatputrAH sAdhuzrI ratnapAla tasya bhAryA sAdhA putra kIrtipAla, ajayapAla, vastupAla tathA tribhuvanapAla ajitanAthAya praNamati nityaM.' eka lekha meM jo 'saM0 1224 ASAr3ha sudI 2 ravI' ke dina paramaddhi deva ke rAjyakAla kA hai, usameM caMdelavaMza ke rAjAoM ke nAma diye hue haiM. zrAvakoM ke nAma Upara diye gaye haiM. ina saba ullekhoM se mahovA jaina saMskRti kA kabhI kendra rahA thA. isakA AbhAsa sahaja hI ho jAtA hai. devagar3ha kA itihAsa devagar3ha-dillI se bambaI jAne vAlI relave lAina para jAkhalauna sTezana se 6 mIla kI dUrI para hai. isa nAma kA eka choTA-sA Ujar3a grAma bhI hai. isa grAma meM AbAdI bahuta thor3I sI hai. yaha vetravatI (vetavA) nadI ke muhAne para nIcI jagaha basA huA hai. vahAM se 300 phuTa kI U~cAI para karanAlI durga hai. jisake pazcima kI ora vetavA nadI kalakala ninAda karatI huI baha rahI hai. parvata kI U~cAI sAdhAraNa aura sIdhI hai. pahAr3a para jAne ke liye pazcima kI ora eka mArga banA huA hai, prAcIna sarovara ko pAra karane ke bAda pASANanirmita eka caur3I sar3aka milatI hai, jisake donoM ora khadira (khaira) aura sAla ke saghana chAyAdAra vRkSa milate haiM. isake bAda eka bhagna toraNa dvAra milatA hai, jise kuMjadvAra bhI kahate haiM. yaha parvata kI paridhi ko bar3he hue koTa kA dvAra hai. yaha dvAra pravezadvAra bhI kahA jAtA hai. isake bAda do jIrNa koTadvAra aura bhI milate haiM. ye donoM koTa jainamandiroM ko ghere hue haiM. inake andara devAlaya hone se ise devagar3ha kahA jAne lagA hai, kyoMki yaha devoM kA gar3ha thA. parantu yaha isakA prAcIna nAma nahIM hai. isakA prAcIna nAma 'lacchagiri' yA 'lacchagiri' thA, jaisA ki zAntinAtha mandira ke sAmane vAle hAla ke eka stambha para zaka saMvat 784 (vi0 saM0 616) meM utkIrNa hue gurjara pratihAra vatsarAja Ama ke prapautra aura nAgabhaTTa dvitIya yA nAgAvaloka ke pautra mahArAjAdhirAja paramezvara rAjA bhojadeva ke zilAlekha se spaSTa hai. usa samaya yaha sthAna bhojadeva ke zAsana meM thA. isa lekha meM batalAyA hai ki zAntinAthamandira ke samIpa zrI kamaladeva nAma ke AcArya ke ziSya zrIdeva ne isa stambha ko banavAyA thA. yaha vi0 saM0 119 Azvina suda 14 vRhaspativAra ke dina bhAdrapada nakSatra ke yoga meM banAyA gayA thA. vikrama kI 12vIM zatAbdI ke madhya meM isakA nAma kIrtigiri rakkhA gayA thA. parvata ke dakSiNa kI ora do sIDhiyAM haiM. jinako rAjaghATI aura nAhara ghATI ke nAma se pukArA jAtA hai. varSA kA saba pAnI inhIM meM calA jAtA hai. ye ghATiyA~ caTTAna se khodI gayI haiM. jina para khudAI kI kArIgarI pAyI jAtI hai. rAjaghATI ke kinAre ATha paMktiyoM kA choTA sA saM0 1154 kA eka lekha utkIrNa hai. jise caMdelavaMzI rAjA kIrtivarmA ke pradhAna amAtya vatsarAja ne khudavAyA thA. (1) dekho, kaniMghama sarve riporTa jilda 21 pR0 73, 74. (2) 1. (oM) parama bhaTTAraka) mahArAjAdhirAja paramezvara zrI bho-- 2. ja deva paTTI barddhamAna-kalyANa vijaya rAjye / 3. tarapradatta-paJca mahAzabda-mahAsAmanta zrI viSNu / 4. ra-ma paribhujya yA (ke) luacchagire zrI zAntamata (na) 5. (sa) nighe bhI kamala devAcArya ziSyeNa zrIdevena kArA 6. pitaM idaM sanbhaM / / saMvat 116 asva (zva) yuja0 zukla 7. pakSa caturdazyAM vRhatpiti dinena uttara bhAdra pa 8. da nakSatre idaM stambhaM samApta miti |10|| (3) cAMdellavaMzakumudenduvizAlakIrtiH, khyAto babhUva nRpa saMghanatAMghripadmaH / vidyAdharo narapatiH kamalAnivAso, jAtastato vijayapAlanRpo nRpendraH / / tasmAddharmaparazrImAn kIrtivarmanRpo'bhavat / yasya kIrtisudhAzubhre trailokyaM sodhatAmagAt / / agadaM nUtanaM viSNumAvibhUtamavApya yam / nRpAbdhi tassamAkRSTA zrIrasthairyapramArjayat || V0OR LUCCEO Jain Aducid rivate pesca inelprary.org
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________________ paramAnanda jaina : madhyabhArata kA jaina purAtattva : 703 yaha bar3A vidvAn aura parAkramI thA. isane apane zatruoM se isa pradeza-maNDala ko jItA thA aura isa durga kA nAma 'kIrtigiri' rakkhA thA. kIrtivarmA candelavaMza kA pratApI zAsaka thA aura zatrukula ko dalita karane vAlA vIra yoddhA thA, jaisA ki prabodhacandrodaya nATaka ke nimna padya se prakaTa hai: nItA kSayaM titibhujo nRpatervipakSA, rakSAvatI kSitirabhUtapra vitaramAtyai / sAmrAjyamasya vihitaM kSitipAlamauli-mAlAcitaM bhuvi payonidhimekhalAyAm / / 3 / / dUsarI nAharaghATI ke kinAre bhI eka choTA 7 paMktiyoM kA abhilekha aMkita hai. yahAM eka guphA hai, jise siddhaguphA bhI kahA jAtA hai. yaha bhI pahAr3a meM khudI huI hai. jisakA mArga pahAr3a para se sIr3hiyoM dvArA nIce jAtA hai. isake tIna dvAra haiM, do khaMbhoM para chata bhI avasthita hai. isa guphA ke andara bhI gupta samaya kA choTA-sA lekha aMkita hai, jo saMvat 606 san 552 kA batalAyA jAtA hai. isameM sUryavaMzI svAmI bhaTTa kA ullekha hai. yaha lekha guptakAlIna hai. eka dUsarA bhI lekha hai jisameM likhA hai ki rAjA vIra ne saMvat 1342 meM tuNa ko jItA thA. isa saba kathana para se jAnA jAtA hai ki isakA devagar3ha nAma vikrama kI 12vIM zatAbdI ke anta meM yA 13vIM ke prArambha meM kisI samaya huA hai. yaha sthala aneka rAjAoM ke rAjyakAla meM avasthita rahA hai. isa prAnta meM pahale sahariyoM kA rAjya thA, pazcAt gaur3a rAjAoM ne adhikAra kara liyA thA. skandagupta Adi isa vaMza ke kaI rAjAoM ke zilAlekha aba taka devagar3ha meM pAye jAte haiM. inake bAda kannauja ke bhojavaMzI rAjAoM ne isa prAnta ko apane adhikAra meM kiyA thA. isake pazcAt caMdela vaMzI rAjAoM kA isa para svAmitva rahA. san 1264 I0 meM yaha vizAlanagara thA. usa samaya yaha bahuta sundara aura sUrya ke prakAza ke samAna dedIpyamAna thA. isI vaMza ne datiyA ke kile kA nirmANa karAyA thA. lalitapura ke AsapAsa isa vaMza ke aneka lekha upalabdha hote haiM, isa vaMza kI rAjadhAnI mahobA thI. inake samaya janadharma ko pallavita hone kA acchA avasara milA thA. isa vaMza ke zAsana-samaya kI aneka kalAkRtiyAM, mandira aura jaina mUrtiyAM mahobA, ahAra, TIkamagar3ha, madanapura, nAvaI aura jakhaurA Adi sthAnoM para pAI jAtI haiM. mahArAjA sindhiyA kI ora se karnala vaiyaTisTi kiloja ne san 1621 meM devagar3ha para car3hAI kI thI. usane tIna dina varAbara lar3a kara usa para adhikAra kara liyA. caMderI ke badale meM mahArAja sindhiyA ne devagar3ha hinda-sarakAra ko de diyA thA. ho sakatA hai ki kile kI dIvAra caMdelavaMzI rAjAoM ne banavAI ho, parantu yaha nizcita rUpa se nahIM kahA jA sakatA. usakI moTAI 15 phuTa kI hai jo vinA sImeMTa ke kevala pASANa se banI huI hai. nadI kI ora kI hadabaMdI kI dIvAla banI hogI, to vaha gira gaI hogI, yA phira vaha banavAI hI nahIM gaI. parantu U~cAI kahIM bhI 20 phuTa se adhika nahIM hai. uttarI pazcimI kone se eka dIvAra 21 phuTa moTI hai, jo 600 phuTa taka pahAr3I ke kinAre calI gaI hai. saMbhavataH yaha dIvAra dUsare kile kI ho, jo aba vinaSTa ho cukA hai. devagar3ha kA yaha sthAna kitanA suramya aura cittAkarSaka hai, ise batalAne kI AvazyakatA nahIM. vetravadI nadI ke kinArekinAre dAhinI tarapha maidAna atyanta DhAlU ho gayA hai. pahAr3a kI vikaTa ghATI meM ukta saritA sahasA pazcima kI ora mur3a jAtI hai. vahAM kI prAkRtika suSamA aura kalAtmaka sauMdarya donoM hI apanI anupama chaTA pradarzita karate haiM. vahAM darzakoM ko baibhava kI asAratA ke spaSTa darzana hote haiM. jo spaSTa sUcita kara rahe haiM ki he pAmara nara ! tU vaibhava ke ahaMkAra meM itanA kyoM iThalA rahA hai ? eka samaya thA jaba hama bhI garva meM iThalA rahe the. usa samaya hameM bhAvI pari rAjoDumadhyagatacandranibhasya yasya, nUnaM yudhiSThira-ziva-rAmacandraH / ete prasannaguNaratnanidhauM niviSTA, yattad guNaprakararatnamaye zarIre / / tadIyAmAtyamantrI do ramaNIparavinirgataH / vatsarAjeti vikhyAta zrImAnmahIdharAtmajaH / / khyAto babhUva kila mantrapadaikamAtra, bAcaspatistadiha mantraguNerubhAsyAm / / yo'yaM samastamapi maNDalamAzu zatrorAcchidya kIrtigiridurgamidaM vyavatte / / saMvat 1154 caitra badi 2 budhau, (devagar3ha zilAlekha) org
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________________ 704 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya vartanoM kA koI AbhAsa nahIM thA, kintu durdaiva ke kAraNa hamArI yaha avanata avasthA huI hai. ataH tU aba bhI samajha aura sAvadhAna ho. vindhya parvatamAlAkI saghana vanAcchAdita suramya upasthalI meM yaha puNyakSetra jIvanadAyinI salilA vetravatI se saTI huI Der3hado mIla lambI pahAr3I ke Upara eka caukora lambe maidAna ke bhAga meM phailA huA paga paga para anupama sAMskRtika jIvanakalA kI vibhUtiyoM ke manamohaka dRzya upasthita karatA hai. jisameM tallIna hokara eka bAra darzaka-harSa viSAda, sukhaduHkha, moha-matsara kAma Adi ke saMskAra rUpI bandhanoM se mukta hokara prakRti kI goda meM vilIna sA ho jAtA hai aura apane sAre ahaMkAramaya aihika astitva ko bhUla kara apane Apa ko nyUnatama se nyUnatama rajakaNa se bhI tuccha pAtA hai. prazAnta murtiyAM, vedikA, stambha, toraNa, dIvAreM aura anya kalAtmaka alaMkaraNa, jo yazasvI zilpiyoM dvArA camatkArapUrNa sAmagrI nirmita kI gaI hai vaha apanI mUka preraNA dvArA bhinna-bhinna vicAra-mudrAoM meM AdhyAtmika jIvana kI jhAMkI kA sandeza prastuta karatI hai. kahIM cAmatkArika mUrti-nirmANakalA ke chiTakate hue sauMdarya se dedIpyamAna pratIkoM, tIrthakara pArzvanAtha kI vizAlakAya mUrtiyoM aura agaNita arhantoM kI vicArapreraka mudrAoM vAle pratibimba usa vanasthalI kI stabdha zAMti ke mUka svara meM Anandavibhora dikhAI dete haiM aura kahIM cakrezvarI, padmAvatI, jvAlAmAlinI, sarasvatI Adi jinazAsana rakSikA deviyoM kI mudrAeM, adbhuta bhAvapreraka aneka deviyoM ke alaMkRta avayava apanI bhAva-bhaMgiyoM se mAno suSamA hI ur3ela rahe haiM. . guptakAlIna maMdira--kile ke dakSiNa-pazcimI kone para varAha kA prAcIna mandira khaMDitAvasthA meM maujUda hai. usake nirmANa ke sambandha meM nizcita kucha nahIM kahA jA sakatA. nIce ke maidAna meM guptakAlIna viSNumandira banA huA hai, yaha pUrNa rUpa se surakSita hai, bhAratIya kalAvid isake kAraNa hI devagar3ha se paricita haiM. yaha mandira gupta kAla ke bAda kisI samaya banA hai. kahA jAtA hai ki guptakAla meM madiroM ke zikhara nahIM banAye jAte the, parantu isameM zikhara hone ke zihna maujUda haiM. mAlUma hotA hai ki isakA zikhara khaMDita ho gayA hai. yaha maMdira jina pASANakhaNDoM se banA hai, ve atyanta kalApUrNa aura sundara hai. isa maMdira kI kalA ke sambandha meM prasiddha aitihAsika vidvAn smitha sAhaba kahate haiM kidevagar3ha meM guptakAla kA sabase adhika mahattvapUrNa aura AkarSaka sthApatya hai vaha devagar3ha kA patthara kA banA huA eka choTA sA maMdira hai. yaha IzA chaThI athavA pAMcavIM zatAbdI kA banA hai. isa maMdira kI dIvAroM para jo prastaraphalaka lage haiM unameM bhAratIya mUrtikalA ke kucha bahuta hI bar3hiyA namUne aMkita haiM.2 isa maMdira kI khudAI ke samaya jo mUrtiyAM milIM, unameM se eka meM paMcavaTI kA vaha dRzya aMkita hai jahAM lakSmaNa ne rAvaNa kI bahana sUrpanakhA kI nAka kATI thI. anya eka pASANa meM rAma aura sugrIva ke paraspara milana kA apUrva dRzya aMkita hai. eka anya patthara meM rAma lakSmaNa kA zabarI ke Azrama meM jAne kA dRzya dikhAyA gayA hai. isI taraha ke anya dRzya bhI rahe hoMge. rAmAyaNa kI kathA ke yaha dRzya anyatra mere avalokana meM nahIM Aye. yahIM para nArAyaNa kI mUrti hai. aura eka patthara meM gajendramokSa kA dRzya bhI utkIrNa hai. dakSiNa kI ora dIvAra meM zeSazAyI viSNu kI mUrti hai, jo bar3e AkAra ke lAla patthara meM khodI gaI hai. isase yaha maMdira bhI apanA vizeSa mahattva rakhatA hai| jaina gandira aura mUrtikalA-devagar3ha meM isa samaya 31 jaina mandira haiM jinakI sthApatyakalA madhyabhArata kI apUrva dena hai. inameM se naM0 4 ke mandira meM tIrthaMkara kI mAtA sotI huI svapnAvasthA meM vicAra-magna mudrA meM dikhalAI gaI hai. naM0 1. dekho, bhAratIya purAtatva kI riporTa dayAra.ma sAhanI. 2. The most important and interesting stone temple of Gupta age is one of moderate dimensions at Deogarh, which may be assigned to the first half of sixth or perhaps to the fifth Century. The panels of the walls contain some of the finest specimens of Indian sculpture. MANDU Jain. S orary.org
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________________ paramAnanda jaina : madhyabhArata kA jaina purAtattva : 705 5 kA maMdira sahasrakUTa caityAlaya hai jisakI kalApUrNa mUrtiyA~ apUrva dRzya dikhalAtI haiM. isa mandira ke cAroM ora 1008 pratimAeM khudI haiM. bAhara saM0 1120 kA lekha bhI utkINita hai, jo sambhavata: isa mandira ke nirmANakAla kA hI dyotaka hai. naM0 11 ke mandira meM do zilAoM para caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI bAraha-bAraha pratimAeM aMkita haiM. ye sabhI mUrtiyAM prazAnta mudrA ko liye hue haiM. ina saba mandiroM meM sabase vizAla mandira naM 12 hai, jo zAMtinAtha mandira ke nAma se prasiddha hai. jisake cAroM ora aneka kalAkRtiyAM aura citra aMkita haiM. isameM zAntinAtha bhagavAna kI 12 phuTa uttuMga pratimA virAjamAna hai, jo darzaka ko apanI ora AkRSTa karatI hai. aura cAroM konoM para ambikA devI ko cAra mUrtiyAM haiM, jo mUrtikalA ke guNoM se samanvita haiM. isa mandira kI bAharI dIvAla para jo 24 yakSa yakSiNiyoM kI sundara kalAkRtiyA~ banI huI haiM, inakI AkRtiyoM se bhavyatA TapakatI hai. sAtha hI 18 lipiyoM vAlA lekha bhI varAmade meM utkINita hai. ina saba kAraNoM se yaha mandira apanI sAnI nahIM rakhatA. devagar3ha ke jaina mandiroM kA nirmANa, uttara bhArata meM vikasita AryanAgara zailI meM huA hai. yaha dakSiNa kI dravir3a zailI se atyanta bhinna hai. nAgara zailI kA vikAsa guptakAla meM huA hai. devagar3ha meM to ukta zaMlI kA vikAsa pAyA hI jAtA hai kintu khajurAho Adi ke jaina mandiroM meM bhI isI kalA kA vikAsa dekhA jAtA hai. yaha kalA pUrNarUpa se bhAratIya hai aura prAgmuslimakAlIna hai. itanA hI, nahIM, kintu samasta madhya prAnta kI kalA isI nAgara zelI se ota-prota hai. isa kalA ko gupta, gurjara pratihAra aura caMdela vaMzI rAjAoM ke rAjya kAla meM pallavita aura vikasita hone kA avasara milA hai. devagar3ha kI bhUtiyoM meM do prakAra kI kalA dekhI jAtI hai. prathama prakAra kI kalA meM kalAkRtiyAM apane parikaroM se akita dekho jAtI haiM, jaise camaradhArI yakSa yakSaNiyAM. sampUrNa prastarAkAra kRti meM nIce tIrthaMkara kA vistRta Asana aura donoM pAvoM meM yakSAdi abhiSeka-kalaza lie hue dikhalAye gaye haiM. kintu dUsare prakAra kI kalA mukhya mUrti para hI aMkita hai, usameM anya alaMkaraNa aura kalAkRtiyA~ gauNa ho gaI haiM. mAlUma hotA hai isa yuga meM sAmpradAyika vidveSa nahIM thA, aura na dharmAndhatA hI thI, isIse isa yuga meM bhAratIya kalA kA vikAsa jainoM, vaiSNavoM aura zaivoM meM nirvirodha huA hai. prastuta devagar3ha jaina aura hiMdU saMskRti kA sandhisthala rahA hai. tIrthaMkaramUrtiyAM, sarasvatI kI mUrti, paMca parameSThiyoM kI mUrtiyA~, kalApUrNa mAnastambha, aneka zilAlekha, aura paurANika dRzya aMkita haiM. sAtha hI barAha kA maMdira, guphA meM zivaliMga, sUrya bhagavAn kI mudrA, gaNeza mUrti, bhArata ke paurANika dRzya, gajendramokSa Adi kalAtmaka sAmagrI devagar3ha kI mahattA kI dyotaka hai. bhAratIya purAtattvavibhAga ko devagar3ha se 200 zilAlekha mile haiM jo jaina mandiroM, mUrtiyoM aura guphAoM Adi meM aMkita haiM. ina meM sATha zilAlekha aise haiM jinameM samaya kA ullekha diyA huA hai. ye zilAlekha saM0 606 se 1876 taka ke upalabdha haiM. inameM saM0 606 san 552 kA lekha nAharaghATI se prApta huA thA, isameM sUryavaMzI svAmI bhaTTa kA ullekha haiM. saM0 116 kA zilAlekha jaina saMskRti kI dRSTi se prAcIna hai. isa lekha meM bhoja deva ke samaya paMca mahAzabda prApta mahAsAmanta viSNurAma ke zAsana meM isa luacchagiri ke zAntinAtha maMdira ke nikaTa goSThika vajuA dvArA nirmita mAnastabha AcArya kamaladeva ke ziSya AcArya zrIdeva dvArA vi0 saM0 616 Azvina 14 vRhaspativAra ke dina uttarAbhAdrapada nakSatra meM pratiSThita kiyA gayA thA. isI taraha anya choTe choTe lekha bhI jaina saMskRti kI dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa haiM. isa taraha devagar3ha madhyapradeza kI apUrva dena hai. ahAra kSetra:- budelakhaNDa meM khajurAho kI taraha ahAra kSetra bhI eka aitihAsika sthAna hai. devagar3ha kI taraha yahA~ prAcIna mUrtiyAM aura lekha pAye jAte haiM. upalabdha mUrtiyoM ke zilAlekhoM se jAna par3atA hai ki vikrama kI 11 vIM se 13 vIM zatAbdI taka ke lekhoM meM ahAra kI prAcIna bastI kA nAma 'madanezasAgarapura' thA.' aura usake zAsaka zrI madanavarmA 1.saM01208 aura 1237 ke lekhoM meM madanezasAgarapura kA nAmAMkana huA hai; dekho, anekAnta varSa ki010 pRSTha 385-6. JainEdiplomen amenorary.org
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________________ 706 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya the, jo caMdelavaMza ke yazasvI nakSatra the. isa nagara ke pAsa jo vizAla sarovara banA huA hai vaha vartamAna 'madanasAgara nAma se prasiddha hai. isake kinAre aneka pratiSThA-mahotsava sampanna hue haiM. madanavarmA kA zAsana vikrama kI 11 vIM zatAbdI meM vidyamAna thA. usake bAda hI kisI samaya isakA nAma 'ahAra' prasiddha huA hogA. yahA~ ke upalabdha mUrtilekhoM meM khaMDelavAla, jaisavAla, meDavAla, lamecu, paurapATa (paravAra) gRhapati, golApUrva, golArADa, avadhapuriyA aura gargarAT Adi aneka upajAtiyoM ke ullekha milate haiM, jo unakI dhArmika ruci ke dyotaka haiM. unase yaha bhI spaSTa jAnA jAtA hai ki usa kAla meM yaha khUba sampanna rahA hogA. kyoMki vahA~ vividha upajAtiyoM ke jaina jana rahate the aura gRhasthocita SaTkarmoM kA pAlana karate the. aitihAsika dRSTi se yaha bAta atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai ki yaha sthAna 700 varSoM taka jaina saMskRti ke AcAra-vicAroM se paripUrNa rahA hai, kyoMki yahA~ vi0 saM0 1123 aura 1166 se lekara vi0 saM0 1968 taka kI prAcIna mUrtiyA~ aura lekha upalabdha hote haiM. ye saba lekha aitihAsika tathyoM se paripUrNa haiM aura atIta ke gaurava kI apUrva jhAMkI prastuta karate haiM. yadi vahA~ khudAI karAI jAya to saMbhavataH aura bhI purAtana jaina saMskRti ke avazeSa prApta ho sakate haiM. ina lekhoM meM sabase adhika lekha jaisavAloM aura golApUrvo ke pAye jAte haiM. unase una jAtiyoMke dharma-prema kI jhalaka milatI hai. saMvat 1213 ke eka lekha meM bhaTTAraka mANikyadeva tathA guNyadeva kA nAma utkIrNa hai. aura saM0 1216 ke lekha meM zrIsAgarasena saiddhAMtika, AyikA jayazrI aura celI ratanazrI kA ullekha hai. saM0 1216 ke eka dUsare lekha meM kuTakAnvayI paMDita lakSmaNadeva ziSya Arya deva AryikA lakSmazrI celI cAritrazrI aura bhrAtA limbadeva kA nAma aMkita hai. saM0 1216 ke eka tIsare lekha meM kuTakAnvaya paMDita maMgaladeva, aura unake ziSya bha0 padmadeva kA nAmAMkana hai. saM0 1548 ke lekha meM bhaTTAraka 'jinacanda' aura zAha jIvarAja pApaDIvAla kA nAmollekha hai. 1502 ke eka lekha meM bha0 guNakIti ke paTTadhara malayakIrti ke dvArA pratiSThA karAne kA bhI ullekha pAyA jAtA hai.' isI taraha anya aneka lekhoM meM jo vidvAnoM bhaTTArakoM yA zrAvaka zrAvikAoM ke nAma kA aMkana milatA hai, vaha itihAsa kI dRSTi meM mahattvapUrNa hai. ahAra kSetra meM bhagavAna zAMtinAtha kI pratiSThA karAne vAlA gRhapati vaMza jainadharma kA anuyAyI thA. jainadharma kI paramparA usake vaMza meM pahale se calI A rahI thI, kyoMki isa vaMza ke devapAla ne bANapura ke sahasrakUTa caityAlaya kA nirmANa karAyA thA. aisA zAMtinAtha kI mUrti ke saM0 1237 ke lekha ke prathama padya se prakaTa haiM.2 bANapura kA ukta jinAlaya kaba banA yaha nizcita nahIM hai kintu saM0 1237 ke lekha meM jo ullekha hai usase pahale banA hai. lekha meM prayukta devapAla, ratnapAla, ralhaNa galhaNa jAhaDa aura udayacanda kA nAma AtA hai. galhaNa ne zAntinAtha kA caityAlaya banavAyA thA aura dUsarA caityAlaya madanasAgarapura meM nirmANa karAyA thA aura inake putra jAhaDa aura udayacandra ne isa mUrti kA nirmANa karAyA hai. isase isa kuTumba kI dhArmika pariNati kA kitanA hI abhAsa mila jAtA hai aura yaha spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki isa kuTumba meM maMdira-nirmANa Adi kA kArya paramparAgata thA. prastuta madanasAgarapura kA nAma AhAra kyoM aura kaise par3A, yaha vicAraNIya hai. ahAra ke ukta mUrti lekhoM meM pANA sAha kA koI ullekha nahIM hai. phira yaha kaise kahA jA sakatA hai ki mandirAdi kA nirmANa unake dvArA huA hai. aura muni ko AhAra dene se isakA nAma 'ahAra' huA hai. isa sambandha meM aitihAsika pramANoM kA anveSaNa karanA jarUrI hai jisase tathya prakAza meM A sakeM. isa taraha madaneza sAgarapura aura ahAra jaina saMskRti ke kendra rahe haiM. bAnapura AhAra kSetra se 3-4 mIla kI dUrI para avasthita hai. yaha bhI eka prAcIna sthAna hai. jatArA grAma bhI 12-13vIM sadI ke gauravase uddIpita hai, vahA~ bhI jainadharma kI vizeSa pratiSThA rahI hai. 1. dekho anekAnta varSa 6 kiraNa 10 tathA varSa 10 kiraNa 1, 2, 3, Adi meM prakAzita ahAra ke lekha. 2. gRhapativaMzasaroruha-sahasrarazmiH sahasrakUTa yaH / bANapure vyAdhitAsAta zrImAniha devapAla iti / / BEROSENESESEISNESENHOENENENISINOSESINOSE Jain Ed Ly.org
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________________ paramAnanda jaina : madhyabhArata kA jaina purAtatva : 707 gvAliyara ke kile kA itihAsa-jaina sAhitya meM vartamAna gvAliyara kA ullekha gopAyalu, gopAdri, gopagiri, gopAcala aura gopAlagar3ha Adi nAmoM se kiyA gayA hai. gvAliyara kI isa prasiddhi kA kAraNa jahA~ usakA purAtana durga (kilA) hai. vahA~ bhAratIya (hindU, bauddha aura jainiyoM ke) purAtattva kI prAcIna evaM vipula sAmagrI kI upalabdhi bhI hai. bhAratIya itihAsa meM gvAliyara kA sthAna bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai. vahAM para prAcIna avazeSoM kI kamI nahIM hai. usake prasiddha sUboM aura kiloM meM itihAsa kI mahattvapUrNa sAmagrI upalabdha hotI hai. gvAliyara kA yaha kilA pahAr3a kI eka caTTAna para sthita hai. yaha pahAr3a Der3ha mIla lambA aura 300 gaja caur3A hai. isake Upara baluA patthara kI caTTAneM haiM, unakI nukIlI coTiyA~ nikalI huI haiM, jinase kile kI prAkRtika dIvAra bana gaI hai. kahA jAtA hai ki ise sUrajasena nAma ke rAjA ne banavAyA thA. vahA~ 'gvAliya' nAma kA eka sAdhu rahatA thA, jisane rAjA sUrajasena ke kuSTa roga ko dUra kiyA thA. ataH usakI smRti meM hI gvAliyara nAma prasiddhi ko prApta huA hai. para isameM koI sandeha nahIM ki gvAliyara ke isa kile kA astitva vikrama kI chaThI zatAbdI meM thA, kyoMki gvAliyara kI pahAr3I para sthita 'mAtracetA' dvArA nirmApita sUryamandira ke zilAlekha meM ukta durga kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai. dUsare, kile meM sthita caturbhuja mandira ke vi0 saM0 632-33 ke do zilAvAkyoM meM bhI ukta durga kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai. hA~, zilAlekhoM se isa bAta kA patA jarUra calatA hai ki uttara bhArata ke pratihAra rAjA mihira bhoja ne jIta kara ise apane rAjya kannauja meM zAmila kara liyA thA aura use vikrama kI 11 vIM zatAbdI ke prArambha meM kacchapaghaTa yA kachavAhA vaMza ke vajradAman nAma ke rAjA ne, jisakA rAjya zAsana 1007 se 1037 taka rahA hai aura jo jainadharma kA zraddhAlu thA, usane saM0 1034 meM eka jaina mUrti kI pratiSThA bhI karavAI thI. usa mUrti kI pITha para jo lekha' aMkita hai usase usakI jainadharma meM AsthA honA pramANita hai. isa vaMza ke anya rAjAoM ne jaina dharmake saMrakSaNa, pracAra evaM prasAra karane meM kyA kucha sahayoga diyA, yaha bAta avazya vicAraNIya hai aura anveSaNIya hai. kannauja ke pratihAra vaMzI rAjA se gvAliyara ko jIta kara usa para apanA adhikAra kara liyA thA. isa vaMza ke maMgalarAja, kIrtirAja, bhuvanapAla, devapAla, padmapAla, sUryapAla, mahIpAla, bhuvanapAla aura madhusUdanAdi anya rAjAoM ne gvAliyara para lagabhaga do-sau varSa taka apanA zAsana kiyA hai, kintu bAda meM puna: pratihAra vaMza kI dvitIya zAkhA ke rAjAoM kA usa para adhikAra ho gayA thA. parantu vi0 saMvat 1246 meM dillI ke zAsaka altamasa ne gvAliyara para gherA DAla kara durga kA vinAza kiyA. usa samaya rAjapUtoM ne apane zaurya kA paricaya diyA parantu muTThI bhara rAjapUta usa vizAla senA se kaba taka lohA lete ? Akhira rAjapUtoM ne apanI Ana kI rakSA ke hita yuddha meM mara jAnA hI zreSTha samajhA, aura rAjapUtaniyoM ne 'jauhara' dvArA apane satItva kA paricaya diyA. ve agni kI vizAla jvAlA meM bhasma ho gaI aura rAjapUta apanI vIratA kA paricaya dete hue vIragati ko prApta hue. kile para altamasa kA adhikAra ho gayA. san 1398 (vi0 saM01455) meM taimUralaMga ne bhArata para jaba AkramaNa kiyA, taba avasara pAkara tomaravaMzI vIrasiMha nAma ke eka saradAra ne gvAliyara para adhikAra kara liyA aura vaha ukta vaMza ke AdhIna san 1536 (vi0 saMvat 1563) taka rahA. isa kSatriya vaMza ke aneka rAjAoM ne (san 1398 se 1536 taka) gvAliyara para zAsana kiyA hai. unake nAma vIrasiMha uddharaNadeva, vikramadeva (vIramadeva), gaNapatideva, DUMgarasiMha, kItisiMha, kalyANamala mAnasiMha, vikramazAha, rAmasAha, zAlivAhana aura inake do putra (zyAmasAha aura mitrasena') haiM. lagabhaga do sau varSa ke isa rAjyakAla meM jainadharma ko phalane, phUlanekA acchA avasara milA hai. ina sabhI rAjAoMkI sahAnubhUti jainadharma, janasAdhuoM aura jainAcAra para rahI hai 1. saMvat 1034 zrI bajradAma mahArAjAdhirAja vaikhAsa vadi pAcami. dekho, janarala eziyATika sosAyaTI Apha baMgAla pR0 410-511. 2. yaha mitrasena zAha jalAluddIna ke samakAlIna the. inakA vi0 saM0 1688 kA eka zilAlekha baMgAla eziyATika sosAyaTI ke janarala bhA08 pR0665 meM rohatAsa durga ke kothai Tiya phATaka ke Upara kI pariyA para tomara mitrasena kA zilAlekha jise kanyadeva ke putra zivadeva ne saMkalita kiyA thA. min doll SHEE ANANININENENININANDININENENINANINNINorg
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________________ 708 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya rAjA DUMgarasiMha aura kItisiMha kI AsthA jainadharma para pUrNa rUpa se rahI hai. tatkAlIna vidvAn bhaTTArakoM kA prabhAva ina para aMkita rahA hai. yadyapi tomara vaMza ke pUrva bhI kachavAha aura pratihAra vaMza ke rAjAoM ke rAjyakAla meM bhI gvAliyara aura pAzrvavartI ilAkoM meM jaina dharma kA sUrya camaka rahA thA. parantu tomara vaMza ke samaya dharma kI vizeSa abhivRddhi huI. rAjA vikramasiMha yA vIramadeva ke samaya jaisavAla vaMzI seTha kuzarAja unake maMtrI the, jo jaina dharma ke anuyAyI aura zrAvaka ke vratoM kA anuSThAna karate the. inakI preraNA aura bhaTTAraka guNakIrti ke Adeza se padmanAbha kAyastha ne, jo jaina dharma para zraddhA rakhatA thA, yazodharacarita kI racanA kI thI.' gvAliyara aura usake Asa-pAsa ke jaina purAtattva aura vidvAn bhaTTArakoM tathA kaviyoM kI grantharacanAoM kA avalokana karane se spaSTa patA calatA hai ki vahAM jainadharma ukta samaya meM khUba pallavita rahA. gvAliyara usa samaya usakA kendrasthala banA huA thA. vahA~ 36 jAtiyoM kA nivAsa thA para paraspara meM virodha nahIM thA. jaina janatA apanI dhArmika pariNati, udAratA, kartavyaparAyaNatA, deva-guru-zAstra kI bhakti aura dAnadharmAdi kAryoM meM sotsAha bhAga letI thI. usI kA prabhAva thA ki jaina dharma aura usakI anuyAyI janatA para sabakA vAtsalya banA huA thA. usa samaya aneka jaina rAjakIya uccapadoM para sevAkArya karate the. jo rAjya ke saMrakSaNa para sadA dRSTi rakhate the. vartamAna meM bhI jainiyoM kI vahA~ acchI saMkhyA hai. khAsa kara rAjA DUMgarasiMha aura kIrtisiMha ke zAsanakAla meM (vi0 saM0 1481 se saM0 1536 taka) 33 varSa paryanta kile meM jaina mUrtiyoM kI khudAI kA kArya calA hai. pitA aura putra donoM ne hI bar3I AsthA se usameM sahayoga diyA thA. aneka pratiSThotsava sampanna kiye the. donoM ke rAjyakAla meM pratiSThita mUrtiyAM gvAliyara meM atyadhika pAI jAtI haiM, jinameM saM0 1467 se 1525 taka ke lekha bhI aMkita milate haiM. grantha racanA bhI usa samaya adhika huI hai. devabhakti ke sAtha zrutibhakti kA paryApta pracAra rahA hai. vahA~ ke eka seTha padmasiMha ne jahA~ aneka jinAlayoM, mUrtiyoM kA nirmANa evaM pratiSThotsava sampanna karAyA thA, vaha jinabhakti se prerita hokara eka lakSa grantha likhavAkara tatkAlIna jaina sAdhuoM aura jaina mandiroM ke zAstrabhaNDAroM ko pradAna kiye the. aisA AdipurANa kI saM0 1521 kI eka lipiprazasti se jAnA jAtA hai. ina saba kAryoM se usa samaya kI dhArmika janatA ke AcAra-vicAroM kA aura sAmAjika pravRttiyoM kA sahaja hI parijJAna ho jAtA hai. usa samaya ke kavi ra idhU ne apane pArzvapurANa kI Adyanta prazasti meM usa samaya ke jainiyoM kI sAmAjika aura dhArmika pariNati kA sundara citraNa kiyA hai. san 1536 ke bAda durga para ibrAhIma lodI kA adhikAra ho gayA. musalamAnoM ne apane zAsanakAla meM ukta kile ko kaidakhAnA hI banA kara rakkhA. pazcAt durga para mugaloM kA adhikAra ho gayA. jaba bAbara usa durga ko dekhane ke liye gayA, taba usane uravAhI dvAra ke donoM ora caTTAnoM para utkIrNa kI huI una nagna digambara jaina mUrtiyoM ke vinAza karane kI AjJA de dI. yaha usakA kArya kitanA nRzaMsa evaM ghRNApUrNa thA, ise batalAne kI AvazyakatA nahIM. san 1811 meM durga para marAThoM kA adhikAra ho gayA, taba se unhIM kA zAsana rahA aura aba svataMtra bhArata meM madhyapradeza kA zAsana cala rahA hai. jaina mandira aura mUrtiyA~ :-kile meM kaI jagaha jaina mUrtiyA~ khudI huI haiM. kilA kalA kI dRSTi se mahatvapUrNa hai. isa kile meM se zahara ke liye eka sar3aka jAtI hai. isa sar3aka ke kinAre donoM ora vizAla caTTAnoM para utkIrNa huI kucha jaina mUrtiyAM aMkita haiM. ye saba mUrtiyA~ pASANoM kI karkaza caTTAnoM ko khoda kara banAI gaI haiM. kile meM hAthI daravAjA aura sAsa-bahU ke mandiroM ke madhya meM eka jaina mandira hai jise mugala zAsanakAla meM eka masjida ke rUpa meM badala diyA gayA thA. khudAI karane para nIce eka kamarA milA hai jisameM kaI nagna jaina mUrtiyA~ haiM aura eka lekha bhI san 1108 1. dekho, 'yazodhara carita aura padmanAbha kAyastha' nAmaka lekha-anekAnta varSa 10. 2. dekho, bAbara kA Atmacarita. vi Jail USE nendary.org
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________________ paramAnanda jaina : madhyabhArata kA jaina purAtatva : 709 (vi0 saM0 1165) kA hai. ye mUrtiyA~ kAyotsarga tathA padmAsana donoM prakAra kI haiM. uttara kI vedI meM sAta phaNa sahita bhagavAn zrIpArzvanAtha kI sundara padmAsana mUrti hai. dakSiNa kI bhIMta para bhI pAMca vediyA~ haiM jinameM se do ke sthAna rikta haiM. jAna par3atA hai ki unakI mUrtiyA~ vinaSTa kara dI gaI haiM. uttara kI vedI meM do nagna kAyotsarga mUrtiyA~ abhI bhI maujUda haiM. aura madhya meM 6 phuTa 8 iMca lambA Asana eka jaina mUrti kA hai. dakSiNI vedI para bhI do papAsana nagna mUrtiyA~ virAjamAna haiM. durga kI urvAhI dvAra kI mUrtiyoM meM bhagavAn AdinAtha kI mUrti sabase vizAla hai. usake pairoM kI lambAI nau phuTa hai aura isa taraha pairoM se tIna cAra guNI UMcI hai. mUrti kI kula UMcAI 57 phITa se kama nahIM hai. zvetAmbarIya vidvAn muni zIlavijaya aura saubhAgyavijaya ne apanI-apanI tIrthamAlA meM isa mUrti kA pramANa bAvana gaja batalAyA hai.' jo kisI taraha bhI sambhava nahIM hai. aura bAbara ne apane Atmacarita meM isa mUrti ko karIba 40 phITa UMcA batalAyA hai, vaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai. kucha khaNDita mUrtiyoM kI bAda meM sarakAra kI ora se marammata karA dI gaI hai, phira bhI unameM kI adhikAMza mUrtiyA~ akhaNDita maujUda haiM. bAbA bAvar3I aura jaina mUrtiyA~ :-gvAliyara se lazkara jAte samaya bIca meM eka mIla ke phAsale para 'bAbA vAvar3I' ke nAma se prasiddha eka sthAna hai. sar3aka se karIba DeDha phalA~ga calane aura kucha UMcAI car3hane para kile ke nIce pahAr3a kI vizAla caTTAnoM ko kATa kara bahuta sI padmAsana tathA kAyotsarga mUrtiyA~ utkIrNa kI gaI haiM. ye mUrtiyA~ sthApatya kalA kI dRSTi se anamola haiM. itanI bar3I padmAsana mUrtiyA~ mere dekhane meM anyatra nahIM AI. bAvar3I ke bagala meM dAhinI ora eka vizAla khaDgAsana mUrti hai. usake nIce eka vizAla zilAlekha bhI lagA huA hai, jisase mAlUma hotA hai ki isa mUrti kI pratiSThA vi0 saMvat 1525 meM tomara vaMzIya rAjA DUMgarasiMha ke putra kIrtisiMha ke rAjyakAla meM huI hai. kheda hai ki ina sabhI mUrtiyoM ke mukha prAyaH khaMDita haiM. yaha muslimayuga ke dhArmika vidveSa kA pariNAma jAna par3atA hai. ina mUrtiyoM kI kevala mukhAkRti ko hI nahIM bigAr3A gayA kintu kisI kisI mUrti ke hAtha-paira bhI khaNDita kara diye gaye haiM. itanA hI nahIM kintu vidveSiyoM ne kitanI hI mUrtiyoM ko gArA-miTTI se bhI cinavA diyA thA aura sAmane kI vizAla mUrti ko gArA miTTI se chApa kara use eka kabra kA rUpa bhI de diyA thA. parantu sitambara san 1847 ke daMge ke samaya unase ukta sthAna kI prApti huI hai. saMgrahAlaya :-gvAliyara ke kile meM eka acchA saMgrahAlaya hai jisameM hindU, jaina aura bauddhoM ke prAcIna avazeSoM, mUrtiyoM, zilAlekhoM aura sikkoM Adi kA saMgraha kiyA gayA hai. isameM jainiyoM kI guptakAlIna khaDgAsana mUrti bhI rakkhI huI hai, jo kalAtmaka hai aura darzaka ko apanI ora AkRSTa karatI hai. isI meM saM0 1318 kA bhImapura kA mahattvapUrNa zilAlekha bhI hai. gvAliyara ke AsapAsa upalabdha aitihAsika sAmagrI dUba kuNDa ke zilAlekha :-dUba kuNDa kA dUsarA nAma 'caDobha' hai. yaha sthAna kisI samaya jaina saMskRti kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna thA. yahA~ kacchapaghaTa (kachavAhA) vaMza ke zAsakoM ke samaya meM bhI jaina maMdira maujUda the, aura nUtana mandiroM kA bhI nirmANa huA thA, sAtha hI zilAlekha meM ullikhita lADa-bAgaDa gaNa ke devasena, kulabhUSaNa, durlabhasena, aMvarasena aura zAMtiSeNa ina pAMca digambara jainAcAryoM kA samullekha pAyA jAtA hai jo ukta prazasti ke lekhaka evaM zaMtiSeNa ke ziSya vijayakIti ke pUrvavartI haiM. yadi ina pAMcoM AcAryoM kA samaya 125 varSa mAna liyA jAya, jo adhika nahIM hai, to use 1145 meM se ghaTAne para devasena kA samaya 1020 ke lagabhaga A jAtA hai. ye devasena apane samaya ke prasiddha vidvAn the, aura lADa-bAgaDagaNa ke unnata rohaNAdri the, vizuddha ratnatraya ke dhAraka the aura samasta AcArya ina kI AjJA ko nata 1. bAvana gaja pratimA dIsatI, gaDha gbAleri sadA sobhatI / / 3 / / ---zIla vijaya tIrthamAlA pR0 111 gaDha gvAlera bAvana gaja pratimA baMdU RSabha raMgarolI jI / / -saubhAgyavijaya tIrthamAlA 14-2-10 18. Jain Education interior SSEShar
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________________ 710 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : tRtIya adhyAya mastaka ho hRdaya meM dhAraNa karate the.' ukta dUbakuNDa meM eka jaina stUpa para saM0 1152 kA eka aura zilAlekha aMkita hai jisameM saM0 1152 kI vaizAkha sudI 5 ko kASThAsaMgha ke mahAn AcArya devasena kI pAdukA-yugala utkIrNa hai. yaha zilAlekha tIna paMktiyoM meM vibhakta hai. isI stUpa ke nIce eka bhagna mUrti utkIrNa hai jisa para 'zrIdeva' likhA hai, jo adhUrA nAma mAlUma hotA hai. pUrA nAma zrI devasena rahA hogA. gvAliyara meM bhaTTArakoM kI prAcIna gaddI rahI hai aura usameM devasena vimalasena, bhAvasena, sahasrakIti, guNakIti, yazaHkIti, malayakIti aura guNabhadrAdi aneka bhaTTAraka hue haiM. inameM devasena, yazaH kIti, guNabhadra ne apabhraMza bhASA meM aneka graMthoM kI racanA kI hai. dUbakuNDa kA yaha zilAlekha bar3e mahattva kA hai. kacchapaghaTa (kachavAhA) vaMza ke rAjA vijayapAla ke putra vikramasiMha ke rAjya meM yaha lekha likhA gayA hai. yaha vijayapAla vahI haiM jinakA varNana bayAnA ke vi0 saM0 1100 ke zilAlekha meM kiyA gayA hai. bayAnA dUba kuNDa se 80 mIla uttara meM hai. isa lekha meM jaina vyApArI riSi aura dAhar3a kI vaMzAvalI dI hai. jAyasavaMza meM sUrya ke samAna prasiddha dhanika seTha jAsUka thA, jo samyagdRSTi thA, jinendra pUjaka thA, cAra prakAra ke pAtroM ko zraddhApUrvaka dAna detA thA. usakA putra jayadeva thA, vaha bhI jinendrabhakta aura nirmala caritra kA dhAraka thA. usakI yazomatI nAmaka patnI se RSi aura dAhaDa do putra hue the. ye donoM hI dhanopArjana meM kuzala the. inameM jyeSTha putra RSi ko rAjA vikrama ne zreSThI pada pradAna kiyA thA. aura dAhaDa ne ucca zikhara vAlA yaha sundara mandira banavAyA thA. jisa meM kukeka, sUryaTa, devadhara aura mahIcanda Adi vivekI catura zrAvakoM ne sahayoga diyA thA. aura rAjA vikramasiMha ne jinamaMdira ke saMrakSaNa pUjana aura jIrNoddhAra ke liye dAna diyA thA. yaha lekha jaisavAla jAti ke liye mahattvapUrNa hai. gvAliyara sTeTa ke aise bahuta se sthAna haiM jinameM jainiyoM aura bauddhoM tathA hinduoM kI purAtana sAmagrI pAI jAtI hai. bhelasA (vidizA) vesanagara, udayagiri, baDoha, baro (baDanagara) maMdasaura, naravara, gyArasapura suhAniyA~, gUDara, bhImapura, padmAvatI, jorA, caMderI, murAra Adi aneka sthAna haiM. inameM se yahA~ udayagiri, naravara aura suhAniyAM ke sambandha meM saMkSipta prakAza DAlA jAyagA. udayagiri :-bhelasA jile meM udayagiri nAmakA eka prAcIna sthAna hai. bhelasA se 4 mIla dUra pahAr3I meM kaTe hue maMdira haiM. pahAr3I pauna mIla ke karIba lambI aura 300 phuTa kI UMcAI ko liye hue hai. yahAM guphAe~ haiM, jinameM prathama aura 20 veM nambara kI guphA jainiyoM kI hai. 20 vI guphA jainiyoM ke tevIsaveM tIrthaMkara zrI pArzvanAtha kI hai. usameM sana 425426 kA guptakAlIna eka abhilekha hai jo bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai : "siddhoM ko namaskAra. zrIsaMyukta guNasamudra guptAnvaya ke samrAT kumAragupta ke varddhamAnarAjya zAsana ke 106 veM varSa aura kArtika mahIne kI kRSNa paMcamI ke dina guhAdvAra meM vistRta sarpaphaNa se yukta zatruoM ko jItane vAle jinazreSTha pArzvanAtha jina kI mUrti zama-damavAna zaMkara ne banavAI. jo AcArya bhadrAnvaya ke bhUSaNa aura Arya kulotpanna AcArya gozarma muni ke ziSya tathA dUsaroM dvArA ajeya ripuna mAnI azvapati bhaTa saMdhila aura padmAvatI ke putra zaMkara isa nAma se loka meM vizrata tathA zAstrokta yatimArga meM sthita thA aura vaha uttara kuruvoM ke sadRza uttara prAnta ke zreSTha deza meM utpanna huA thA, usake isa pAvana kArya meM jo puNya huA ho vaha saba karmarUpI zatru-samUha ke kSaya ke liye ho." vaha mUla lekha isa prakAra hai: 1. namaH siddhebhyaH (1) zrIsaMyutAnAM guNatoyadhInAM guptAnvayAnAM nRpasattamAnAm 1. AsodvizuddhatarabodhacaritraSTi : niHzeSasU rinatamastakadhAritAkSaH / zrIlATabAgaDa gaNonnatarohaNAdi-mANikyabhUtacarito gurudevasenaH / / 2. saM0 1152 vaizAkhasudi paJcamyAM zrI kASTA saMgha mahAcAryavayaM zrI devasena pAdukAyugalam . 3. See Archaeological Survey of India, V. L. 2, P. 102. 4. epigrAphikA iMdikA jilda 2 pRSTha 232-40. MAHARASHTRAILERNA M MOVANI MHRISTMASHTAMIRITERAMANAND HARMARATHI HALILITARIHANI ANANDHARY KHANIYAHam untunita SAIRAIL III MDM Jain Sanomat walionairdry.org
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________________ paramAnanda jaina : madhyabhArata kA jaina purAtattva : 711 2. rAjye kulasyAdhi vivarddhamAne SaDbhiyutavarSazatetha mAse (1) sukAtike bahula dinetha paMcame 3. guhAmukhe sphaTavikaTotkaTAmimAM, jitadviSo jinavara pAzvasaMjJikAM, jinAkRti zama-damavAna 4. cIkarat (1) AcAryabhadrAnvayabhUSaNasya ziSyo hyasAvAryakulodvatasya AcArya goza 5. rma munessutAstu padmavatAvazvapate rbhaTasya (1) parairajeyasya ripughna mAninassa saMghila 6. syetityabhivizruto bhuvi svasaMjJayA zaMkaranAmazabdito vidhAnayuktaM yatimArgamasthita: (11) 7. sa uttarANAM sadRze kurUNAM udadizA dezavare prasUtaH 8. kSayAya kArigaNasya dhImAn yadatra puNyaM tadapAsasarja (1)-phlITa, gupta abhilekha pR0 258. isa lekha meM ullikhita AcArya bhadra aura unake anvaya meM prasiddha muni gozarma, kahAM ke nivAsI the aura unakI guruparamparA kyA hai ? yaha kucha mAlUma nahIM ho sakA. naravara :-eka prAcona aitihAsika sthAna hai. naravara ko 'nalagiri aura nalapura' bhI kahA jAtA thA.' isakA itivRtta gvAliyara durga ke sAtha sambandhita rahA hai. vikrama kI 10 vIM zatAbdI ke anta meM donoM durga kachavAhA rAjapUtoM ke adhikAra meM cale gae the. vikrama 1186 meM usa para pratihAroM kA adhikAra ho gayA thA. lagabhaga eka zatAbdI zAsana karane ke bAda san 1232 meM altamaza ne gvAliyara ko jIta liyA, taba pratihAroM ne naravara ke durga meM zaraNa lI. vikrama kI 13 vIM zatAbdI ke anta meM durga ko cAhaDadeva ne pratihAroM se jIta liyA, jo naravara ke rAjapUta kahalAte the. bhImapura ke vi0 saM0 1318 ke abhilekha meM isa vaMza ke sambandha meM kucha sUcanAe~ kI haiM. aura usakA yajvapAla nAma sArthaka batalAyA hai. tathA kacerI ke saM0 1336 ke zilAlekha meM jayapAla se udbhUta hone se isa vaMza ko 'jajjayela' likhA hai. naravara aura usake Asa-pAsa ke upalabdha zilAlekhoM aura sikkoM se jJAta hotA hai ki cAhaDa deva ke vaMza meM cAra rAjA hue haiM. cAhaDadeva, naravarma deva, Asalladeva, gopAladeva aura gaNapatideva. cAhaDadeva ne nalagiri aura anya bar3e pura zatruoM se jIta liye the. naravara meM isake jo sikke mile haiM unameM saM0 1303 se 1311 taka kI tithi milatI hai. cAhaDa ke nAma kA eka lekha saM0 1300 kA udayezvara mandira kI pUrvI maharAva para milatA hai, usameM usake dAna kA ullekha hai. naravarma deva bhI bar3A pratApI aura rAjanItijJa rAjA thA, jaisA ki usake nimna vAkya se prakaTa hai : ___ 'tasmAdanekavidhavikramalabdhakIrtiH puNyazrutiH samabhavannaravarmadevaH.' vi0 saM0 1338 ke eka zilAlekha se jJAta hotA hai ki naravarma deva ne dhAra (dhArA nagarI) ke rAjA se cautha vasUla kI thI. yadyapi isa vaMza kI paramAroM se aneka cher3achAr3a hotI rahatI thI, kintu usameM naravarmadeva ne saphalatA prApta kI thI. naravarma deva ke bAda isakA putra Asalladeva gaddI para baiThA. isake rAjyasamaya ke do zilAlekha vi0saM0 1318 aura 1327 ke milate haiM. Asalladeva ke samaya usake sAmanta jaitrasiMha ne bhImapura meM eka jinamaMdira kA nirmANa karAyA thA. isa maMdira kI pratiSThA saMvat 1318 meM nAgadeva dvArA sampanna huI thI. isake samaya meM bhI jaina dharma ko panapane meM acchA sahayoga milA thA. jaitrasiMha jainadharma kA saMpAlaka aura zrAvaka ke vratoM kA anuSThAtA thA. AsalladevakA putra gopAladeva thA. isake rAjya kA prArambha saM0 1336 ke bAda mAnA jAtA hai. isakA caMdela vaMzI rAjA vIravarmana ke sAtha yuddha huA thA, jisameM isake aneka vIra yoddhA mAre gaye the. gaNapati deva ke rAjya kA ullekha saM0 1350 meM milatA hai. yaha saM0 1348 ke bAda hI kisI samaya rAjyAdhikArI -bhImapura zilAlekha 14. 1. asya prApakanakairamala yazobhi-muktAphalairakhilabhUSaNa vibhramAyA / pAdonalakSaviSayakSitipakSmalAkSyA, mAste puraM nalapura tilakAyamAnam / / nalagiri 'kA ullekha kacerI vAle abhilekha meM milatA hai. yathA - 'tatrAbhavannRpatirugratarapratApaH zrIcAhaDastribhuvanaprathamAnakIrtiH / dordaNDacaMDimabhareNa puraH parebhyo yenAhRtA nalagiripramukhA gariSThAH / / -dekho, kacerI abhilekha saM0 1336. PA INDIATRAPATTINATIONAL CHANDRANI Suma HITICISM HARTIAL ) Jain Educa H Ty.org
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________________ 12 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya huA hogA. saM0 1355 ke abhilekha se jJAta hotA hai ki isane canderI ke durga para vijaya prApta kI thI, kyoMki saM0 1356-57 ke satIstaMbhoM meM isake rAjya kA ullekha hai. jAna par3atA hai ki musalamAnoM kI vijayavAhinI se cAhaDadeva kA vaMza samApta ho gayA. jainatva kI dRSTi se naravara ke kile meM aneka jaina mUrtiyA~ khaMDita-akhaMDita avasthA meM prApta haiM. kile meM isa samaya 4 mUrtiyAM akhaMDita haiM jinapara 1213 se 1348 taka ke lekha pAye jAte haiM. 1. 'saM0 1213 aSAr3ha sudi 6. 2. saM0 1316 jyeSTha vadI 5 some. 3. saM0 1340 khaizAkha vadI 7 some. 4. saM0 1348 vaizAkhasudI 15 zanau'. ye saba mUrtiyA~ sapheda saMgamarmara pASANa kI haiM. khaMDita mUrtiyoM kI saMkhyA adhika pAI jAtI hai. nagara meM bhI acchA mandira hai aura jainiyoM kI bastI bhI hai. nagara ke Asa-pAsa ke grAmoM Adi meM bhI jaina avazeSa pAye jAte haiM. jisase vahAM jainiyoM ke atIta gaurava kA patA calatA hai. naravara se 3 mIla kI dUrI 'bhImapura' nAmakA eka grAma hai. jahA~ jajjayela vaMzI rAjA Asalladeva ke eka jaina sAmanta jaitrasiMha rahate the. unhoMne jinabhakti se prerita hokara vahA~ eka vizAla jaina mandira banavAyA thA, aura usa para 23 paMktyAtmaka karIba 60-70 zlokoM ke parimANa ko liye hue vizAla zilAlekha lagavAyA thA, jo aba gvAliyara purAtattva vibhAga ke saMgrahAlaya meM maujUda hai. isa lekha meM ukta vaMza ke rAjAoM kA ullekha hai, jaisiMha kI dhArmika pariNati kA bhI varNana hai, aura nAgadeva dvArA usakI pratiSThA ke sampapna hone kA ullekha hai. saM0 1318 kA yaha zilAlekha abhI taka pUrA prakAzita nahIM huA. yaha lekha jainiyoM ke liye mahatvapUrNa hai. para aise kAryoM meM jaina samAja kA yogadAna nagaNya hai. suhAniyAM--yaha sthAna bhI purAtana kAla meM jaina saMskRti kA kendra rahA hai aura vaha gvAliyara se uttara kI ora 20 mIla, tathA kaTavara se 14 mIla uttara-pUrva meM ahasana nadI ke uttarIya taTa para sthita hai. kahA jAtA hai ki yaha nagara pahale khUba samRddha thA aura bAraha koza jitane vistRta maidAna meM AbAda thA. isake cAra phATaka the,jinake cihna Aja bhI upalabdha hote haiM. sunA jAtA hai ki isa nagara ko rAjA sUrasena ke pUrvajoM ne basAyA thA. kaniMghama sAhaba ko yahA~ vi0 saM0 1013, 1034 aura 1467 ke mUrtilekha prApta hue the. isa lekha meM madhyabhArata ke kucha sthAnoM ke jaina purAtattva kA digdarzana mAtra karAyA gayA hai. ujjainI, dhArA nagarI aura inake madhyavartI bhUbhAga arthAt samUce mAlava pradeza kA jo jaina saMskRti kA mahattvapUrNa kendra rahA hai, paricaya dene meM eka bar3A grantha bana jAyagA.
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________________ muni zrIhajArImala smRti-graMtha -- bhASA aurasAhitya -caturtha adhyAya Jain Education Intemational
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________________ Jain Education Intemational
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________________ muni zrI puNyavijayajI mahArAja jaina Agamadhara aura prAkRta vAGmaya [prastuta nibandha ke racayitA muni zrI puNyavijayajI mahArAja jainAgamasAhitya, itihAsa aura purAtatva ke sAtha hI saMskRta, prAkRta bhASAoM ke talasparzI vidvAn haiM, yaha mahatvapUrNa jAnakArI dene vAlA nibandha san 1661 meM zrInagara (kazmIra) meM huI akhila bhAratIya prAcyavidyApariSad ke prAkRta aura jainadharma vibhAga ke adhyakSa pada se prastuta kiyA gayA ApakA abhibhASaNa hai jo abhI taka prakAzita nahIM huA thA. munizrI dvArA kiye gaye katipaya saMzodhanoM aura parivardhanoM ke sAtha vaha yahAM prakAzita kiyA jA rahA hai. -sampAdaka ] jaina Agamadhara sthavira aura AcArya jainAgamoM meM varttamAna meM upalabhyamAna dvAdaza aMgoM kI sUtraracanA kAlakrama se bhagavAn gaNadhara ne kI. vIra nirvANa ke bAda prArambhika zatAbdiyoM meM ina AgamoM kA paThana-pAThana pustakoM ke AdhAra para nahIM, apitu gurumukha se hotA thA. brAhmaNoM ke samAna par3hane-par3hAne vAloM ke bIca pitA-putra ke sambandha kI sambhAvanA to thI hI nahIM. vairAgya se dIkSita hone vAle vyakti adhikAMzatayA aisI avasthA meM hote the, jinheM svAdhyAya kI apekSA bAhya tapasyA meM adhika rasa milatA thA. ataeva guru-ziSyoM kA adhyayana-adhyApanamUlaka sambandha uttarottara virala honA svAbhAvika thA, jaina AcAra kI maryAdA bhI aisI thI ki pustakoM kA parigraha bhI nahIM rakhA jA sakatA thA. aisI dazA meM jainazruta kA uttarottara viccheda honA Azcarya kI bAta nahIM thI. usakI jo rakSA huI vahI Azcarya kI bAta hai. isa Azcaryajanaka ghaTanA meM jina zrutadhara AcAryoM kA vizeSa yogadAna rahA hai, jinhoMne na kevala mUla sUtrapAThoM ko vyavasthita karane kA prayatna kiyA apitu una sUtroM kI arthavAcanA bhI dI, jinhoMne niyukti Adi vividha prakAra kI vyAkhyAeM bhI kIM, evaM AnevAlI saMtati ke lie zrutaniSirUpa mahattvapUrNa sampatti virAsata rUpa se de gaye una aneka zrutagharoM kA paricaya dene kA prayatna karUMgA. ina zrutadharoM meM se kucha to aise haiM jinakA nAma bhI hamAre samakSa nahIM AyA hai. yadyapi yaha prayatnamAtra hai- pUrNa saphalatA milanA kaThina hai, tathApi maiM Apako kucha naI jAnakArI karA sakA to apanA prayatna aMzataH saphala mAnUMgA. (1) sudharmasvAmI (vIra ni0 meM divaMgataH ) - AcAra Adi jo aMga upalabdha hai ve dharmasvAmI kI vAcAnugata mAne jAte haiM. tAtparya yaha hai ki indrabhUti Adi gaNadharoM kI ziSyaparamparA antatogatvA sudharmasvAmI ke ziSyoM ke sAtha mila gaI hai. usakA mUla sudharmasvAmI kI vAcanA meM mAnA gayA hai. bhagavatI jaise AgamoM meM yadyapi bhagavAn mahAvIra aura indrabhUti gautama ke bIca hue saMvAda Ate haiM kintu una saMvAdoM kI vAcanA sudharmA ne apane ziSyoM ko dI jo paramparA se Aja upalabdha hai--aisA mAnanA cAhie, kyoMki AgamoM ke TIkAkAroM ne eka svara se yahI abhiprAya vyakta kiyA hai ki tattat Agama kI vAcanA sudharmA ne jambU ko dI. Jain Educated yadyapi sukI aMgoM kI yAcanA kA avichinna rUpa Aja taka surakSita nahIM rahA hai phira bhI jo bhI surakSita hai usakA sambandha sudharmA se jor3A jAtA hai, yaha nirvivAda hai. gaNadharoM ke varNanaprasaMga meM sudharmA kI jo prazaMsA AtI hai use svayaM sudharmA to kara nahIM sakate, yaha spaSTa hai. ataeva tattat sUtroM ke prArambhika bhAga kI racanA meM AgamoM ke vidyamAna rUpa ke saMkalanakartA kA hAtha rahA ho to koI Azcarya nahIM. ry.org
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________________ 716 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya (2) zayyaMbhava (vIra ni0 83 meM divaMgata :)-apane putra manaka ke lie dazavakAlika kI racanA kara inhoMne jaina zramaNoM ke AcAra kA AcArAMga ke bAda eka nayA sImAstambha DAlA hai, isakI racanA ke bAda itanA mahattva bar3A ki jaina zramaNoM ko prArambha meM jo AcArAMgasUtra par3hAyA jAtA thA usake sthAna para yahI par3hAyA jAne lagA (vyavahArabhASya0 u0 3, gA0 176) itanA hI nahIM, pahale jahA~ AcArAMga ke zastraparijJA adhyayana ke bAda zramaNa upasthApanA kA adhikArI hotA thA vahA~ aba dazavakAlika ke cauthe SaDjIvanikAya nAmaka adhyayana ke bAda upasthApanA ke yogya samajhA gayA (vahI gA0 174). pahale jahA~ AcArAMga ke dvitIya adhyayana ke paMcama uddezagata AmagaMdha sUtra ke adhyayana ke bAda zramaNa piNDakalpI hotA thA vahA~ aba dazavakAlika ke paMcama piNDaiSaNA nAmaka adhyayana kI vAcanA ke bAda zramaNa piNDakalpI hone lagA (vahI, gA0 175). dazavakAlikasUtra digambaroM (sarvArthasiddhi 1-20) evaM yApanIyoM ko bhI bahuta samaya taka samAna rUpa se mAnya rahA hai, yaha bhI isakI vizeSatA hai. (3) prAdezika prAcArya-jinake nAma kA to patA nahIM kintu jo vibhinna dezoM meM AgamoM kI pravartamAna vyAkhyAoM ke pravartaka rahe unakA paricaya tattaddeza-pradeza se sambaddha rUpa se milatA hai. ataeva maiMne unheM "prAdezika AcArya" kI saMjJA dI hai. sUtrakRtAMga kI cUNimeM (patra. 60) 'pUrvadignivAsinAmAcAryANAmarthaH. pratIcyA-'paradignivAsinastvevaM kathayanti' isa prakAra paurastya pAzcAtya evaM dAkSiNAtya AcAryoM kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai. vyavahArasUtra kI cUNi meM "eke AcAryA lATA evaM bruvateNhA-Navivajja varaNevacchaM kIrati. apare AcAryA dAkSiNAtyA bruvate-yugalaM NiyaMsAvijjati" isa prakAra dAkSiNAtya aura lATadeza meM vicarane vAle AcAryoM kA ullekha milatA hai. kalpacUNi evaM nizIthacUNi meM (bhAga 2 patra0 134) bhI lATAcArya kA ullekha prApta hotA hai. yahA~ lATadeza bhagavAn mahAvIra ke bihAra meM varNita lADhadeza nahIM, kintu gujarAta meM mahAnadI aura damaNa ke bIca ke pradeza ko samajhanA cAhie, jisake pramukha nagara bhRgukaccha (bharuca) aura darbhAvatI (DabhoI) Adi the. bhAratIya vidyAbhavana ke AcArya padmazrI munijinavijayajI sampAdita pustakaprazasti saMgraha pRSTha 107 prazastikramAMka 66 Adi meM "zrI vosari lATadezamaNDale mahIdamunayorantarAle samastavyApArAn paripanthayati' ityAdi ullekha bhI pAye jAte haiM. jinAgamaviSamapadaparyAya meM paMcakalpa ke viSamapadaparyAya meM "lADaparivADIe lADavAcanAyAmityarthaH" aisA ullekha hai. isI prakAra isI grantha meM nizIthasUtra ke viSamapadaparyAya meM "lADAcAryAbhiprAyAt. mAdhurAcAryAbhiprAyeNa parao rAIe cintA'smAkam" isa taraha mAthurAcArya kA bhI ullekha pAyA jAtA hai. isI taraha SaTkhaNDAgama kI dhavalA TIkA meM uttara pratipatti va dakSiNapratipatti rUpa se jo do prakAra kI pratipattiyoM kA ullekha hai vaha bhI mUlataH tattatpradeza ke AcAryoM ko vizeSa rUpa se mAnya hone vAlI paramparA kA hI nirdeza hai (SaTkhaNDAgama bhA0 1 bhUmikA-pR0 57 tathA bhA0 3 bhUmikA pR0 15). dhavalAkAra ne inakA jo artha kiyA hai vaha isa prakAra hai; "esA dakSiNapaDivattI / dakkhiNaM ujjuvaM AyariyaparamparAgadamidi eyo ||................esaa uttarapaDivattI. uttaramaNujjuvaM AyariyaparamparAe NAgadamidi eyaTTho ||"-ssttkhnnddaagmH dhaklA, bhA0 5, pR0 32. isase pratIta hotA hai ki dhavalAkAra ke samakSa dakSiNapratipatti kI mAnyatA paramparAgata thI jaba ki uttarapratipatti paramparAgata nahIM thI. (4) pAMca sau AdezoM ke sthApaka-sthavira Arya bhadrabAhusvAmI ne Avazyakaniyukti kI 1023 vI gAthA meM "paMcasayAdesavayaNaM va" isa gAthAMza se pAMca sau AdezoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai. AvazyakacUrNikAra zrI jinadAsamahattara tathA vRttikAra zrI haribhadrasUri ne "pAMca sau Adeza" ke viSaya meM likhA hai; "arihappavayaraNe paMca prAdesasatANi. Na vi aMge Na vi uvaMge pADho asthi evaM-marudevA aNAdi-vaNassaikAiyA aNaMtaraM ubvaTTittA siddhatti 1 / tahA sayaMbhUramaNamacchANa paumapattANa ya savvasaMThANANi valayasaMThANaM mottuM 2 / karaDa-ukkaraDA ya kuNAlAe ete jadhA tathA bhaNAmi-karaDa . . . .. . . . . . .... .. . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . For private & Personal Use Only . . . .... . . . . . . . . . Jain EduLER . . . . " . . . . . . ...rrrr.
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________________ Jain Educatiort muni zrI puNyavijaya : jaina Agamadhara aura prAkRta vAGmaya : 717 upakaraNa niyamaNamUle yasahI, devavANukaMpaNaM, rusu pannarasadivasavarisaNaM kuNAlAgagariviNAso vato tatiyavArise sArAe nagare dohavi kAlakaraNaM, ahesattamapuDhavikAlaNaragagamaNaM, kuNAla (NagariviNAsakAlAo terasame varise mahAvIrassa kevalanAraguppattI 3. eyaM avaddhaM." (AvazyakacUrNi bhA0 1 pRSTha 601; haribhadravRtti patra. 465) arthAt jina hakIkatoM kA ullekha kisI aMga yA upAMga Adi meM nahIM milatA hai kintu jo sthavira AcAryoM ke mukhopamukha calI AI haiM unakA saMgraha "pAMca sau Adeza" kahalAtA hai. ina pAMca sau AdezoM kA koI saMgraha Aja upalabdha nahIM hai kintu AvazyakacUrNi vRtti Adi idhara-udhara viprakIrNakarUpa meM kucha-kucha AdezoM kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai (patra 465 tathA bRhatkalpasUtravRtti bhA0 1 patra. 44 Ti06). (1) saiddhAntika, kArmagranthikAdi jaina AgamoM kI paramparA ko mAnane vAle AcArya saiddhAntika kahalAte haiM. karmavAda ke zAstroM ke pAramparya ko mAnanevAle AcArya kArmagranthika kahe jAte haiM. tarkazAstra kI paddhati se Agamika padArthoM kA nirUpaNa karane vAle sthavira tArkika mAne gaye haiM. jaina Agama Adi zAstroM meM sthAna-sthAna para inakA ullekha kiyA gayA hai. bhinna-bhinna kula, gaNa Adi kI paramparAoM meM jo-jo vyAkhyAbheda evaM sAmAcArIbheda arthAt AcArabheda the unakA tattat kula, gaNa Adi ke nAma se "nAilakuliccayANaM AyArAo ADhavettA jAva dasAto tAva Natthi AyaMbilaM, NivvIlieNaM pati" (vyavahAragi) isa prakAra dekhA jAtA hai. (6) bhadrabAhusvAmI (vIra ni0 170 meM divaMgataH ) antima dhUtakevalI ke rUpa meM prasiddha ye AcArya apanI antima avasthA meM jaba dhyAna karane ke lie nepAladeza meM gaye the taba vIra saMvat 160 meM zruta ko vyavasthita karane kA sarvaprathama prayatna pATalIputra meM huA thA, aisI paramparA hai. gyAraha aMgoM ke jJAtA to saMgha meM vidyamAna the kintu bArahaveM aMga kA jJAtA pATalIputra meM koI na thA. ataeva saMgha kI AjJA zirodhArya kara AcArya bhadrabAhu ne kucha zramaNoM ko bArahaveM aMga kI vAcanA denA svIkAra kiyA, kintu sIkhane vAle zramaNa zrIsthUlabhadra ke kutUhala ke kAraNa bArahavAM aMga samagrabhAva se surakSita na raha sakA. usake caudaha pUrvo meM se kevala dasa pUrvo kI hI paramparA sthUlabhadra ke ziSyoM ko milI. isa prakAra AcArya bhadrabAhu ke bAda koI zrutakevalI nahIM huA kintu dasa pUrvI kI paramparA calI arthAt bAraha aMgoM meM se cAra pUrva jitanA aMza vicchinna huA. yahIM se uttarottara vicchedana kI paramparA bar3hI. antatogatvA bArahavAM aMga hI lupta ho gayA, evaM aMgoM meM kevala gyAraha aMga hI surakSita rahe. gyAraha aMgoM meM se bhI jo praznavyAkaraNasUtra abhI upalabdha hai vaha kisI naI hI vAcanA kA phala hai kyoMki samavAyAMga, nandI Adi AgamoM meM isakA jo paricaya milatA hai usase yaha bhinna hI rUpa meM upalabdha hai. AcArya bhadrabAhu ne dazA, kalpa aura vyavahAra ina tIna granthoM kI racanA kI, yaha sarvasammata hai kintu inhoMne nizItha kI bhI racanA kI aisA ullekha kevala paMcakalpa- cUrNikArane hI kiyA hai. phira bhI Aja nizIthasUtrakI khaMbhAta ke zrIzAMtinAtha jJAna bhaNDAra kI vi0 saM0 1430 meM likhI huI prati meM tathA vaisI anya pratiyoM meM isake praNetA kA nAma vizAkhagaNi mahattara batAyA gayA hai. vaha ullekha isa prakAra hai : daMsaNa-varita guto gotI gAmena visAhagaNI mahatarao sajjahiesI / maMjUsA // 1 // kitI tiSiNo japatapa ho (?) tisAgaraNiruddho / puNarutaM bhavati mahi sasivtra gagaNaMgaNaM tassa ||2|| tassa lihiye jisIhaM dhammadhurAdharaNapavarapujjassa / ArogadhAraNa sissa - pasissovabhojjaM ca // 3 // 14 aMgabAhya arthAdhikAra haiM. inameM kalpa aura vyavahAra ko eka mAnA gayA hai| digambara paramparA meM dhavalA ke anusAra *** * wwwwww~~~~~~~~n *
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________________ 718 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya tathA nizItha ko alaga sthAna diyA gayA hai. isase yaha to spaSTa hotA hai ki kalpa, vyavahAra aura nizItha kI aMgabAhya arthAdhikAra kI paramparA calI AtI thI. bhadrabAhukRta kalpa-vyavahAra jisa rUpa meM Aja zvetAmbaraparamparA meM mAnya haiM usI rUpa meM digambara paramparA meM ullikhita aMgabAhya kalpAdi mAnya the yA usase bhinna-yaha nizcayapUrvaka kahanA kaThina hai, kintu unakA jo viSaya batAyA gayA hai vahI viSaya upalabdha bhadrabAhukRta kalpAdi meM vidyamAna hai. donoM paramparAoM ke mata se sthavirakRta racAnAeM aMgabAhya mAnI jAtI rahI haiM. bhadrabAhu taka zvetAmbara digambara kA matabheda spaSTa nahIM thA. ina tathyoM ke AdhAra para saMbhAvanA kI jA sakatI hai ki kalpa-vyavahAra ke jina arthAdhikAroM kA ullekha dhavalA meM hai una arthAdhikAroM kA sUtrAtmaka vyavasthita saMkalana sarvaprathama AcArya bhadrabAhu ne kiyA aura vaha saMgha ko mAnya huA. isa dRSTi se dhavalA meM ullikhita kalpa-vyavahAra aura nizItha tathA upalabdha kalpa-vyavahAra aura nizItha meM bheda mAnane kA koI kAraNa nahIM hai. phira bhI donoM kI ekatA kA nizcayapUrvaka vidhAna karanA kaThina hai. AcArya bhadrabAhu kI jo vizeSatA hai vaha yaha hai ki inhoMne apane ukta graMthoM meM utsarga aura apavAdoM kI vyavasthA kI hai. itanA hI nahIM kintu vyavahArasUtra meM to aparAdhoM ke daNDa kI bhI vyavasthA kI gaI hai. aisI daNDavyavasthA evaM AcArya Adi padavI kI yogyatA prAdi ke nirNaya sarvaprathama inhIM ke graMthoM meM milate haiM. saMgha ne graMthoM ko pramANabhUta mAnA yaha AcArya bhadrabAhu kI mahattA kA sUcaka hai. zramaNoM ke AcAra ke viSaya meM dazavakAlika ke bAda dazA-kalpa Adi graMtha dUsarA sImAstambha hai. sAtha hI eka bAra apavAda kI zurUAta hone para anya bhASyakAroM va cUNikAroM ne bhI uttarottara apavAdoM meM vRddhi kI. saMbhava hai ki isI apavAda-mArga ko lekara saMgha meM matabheda kI jar3a dRDha hotI gaI aura Age cala kara zvetAmbara-digambara kA sampradAya-bheda bhI dRDha huA. bRhatkalpa-bhASya bhA0 6 kI prastAvanA meM maiMne aneka pramANoM ke AdhAra para yaha siddha kiyA hai ki upalabdha niyuktiyoM ke kartA zrutakevalI bhadrabAha nahIM hai kintu jyotivid varAhamihira ke bhrAtA dvitIya bhadrabAha haiM jo vikrama kI chaThI zatAbdI meM hue haiM. apane isa kathana kA spaSTIkaraNa karanA yahA~ ucita hai. jaba maiM yaha kahatA hUM ki upalabdha niryaktiyA~ dvitIya bhadrabAhu kI haiM, zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu kI nahIM taba isakA tAtparya yaha nahIM ki zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ne niyuktiyoM kI racanA kI hI nahIM. merA tAtparya kevala itanA hI hai ki jisa antima saMkalana ke rUpa meM Aja hamAre samakSa niyutiyA~ upalabdha haiM ve zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu kI nahIM hai. isakA artha yaha nahIM ki dvitIya bhadrabAhu ke pUrva koI niyuktiyA~ thI hI nahIM. niyukti ke rUpa meM AgamavyAkhyA kI paddhati bahuta purAnI hai. isakA patA hameM anuyogadvAra se lagatA hai. vahAM spaSTa kahA gayA ki anugama do prakAra kA hotA hai : suttANugama aura nijjuttiNugama, itanA hI nahIM kintu niryaktirUpa se prasiddha gAthAeM bhI anuyogadvAra meM dI gaI haiM. pAkSikasUtra meM bhI "sanijjuttie" aisA pATha milatA hai. dvitIya bhadrabAhu ke pahale bhI govinda vAcaka kI niyukti kA ullekha nizIthabhASya va cUNi meM milatA hai. itanA hI nahIM kintu vaidikavAGmaya meM bhI nirukta ati prAcIna hai. ataeva yaha nizcayapUrvaka kahA jA sakatA hai ki jainAgama kI vyAkhyA kA niyukti nAmaka prakAra prAcIna hai. yaha saMbhava nahIM ki vikrama kI chaThI zatAbdI taka AgamoM kI koI vyAkhyA niyukti ke rUpa meM huI hI na ho. digambaramAnya mUlAcAra meM bhI Avazyaka-niyuktigata kaI gAthAeM haiM. isase bhI patA calatA hai ki zvetAmbara-digambara sampradAya kA spaSTa bheda hone ke pUrva bhI niyukti kI paramparA thI. aisI sthiti meM zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ne niyuktiyoM kI racanA kI hai--isa paramparA ko nirmUla mAnane kA koI kAraNa nahIM hai. ataH yahI mAnanA ucita hai ki zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ne bhI niyuktiyoM kI racanA kI thI aura bAda meM govinda vAcaka jaise anya AcAryoM ne bhI. usI prakAra kramazaH bar3hate-bar3hate niyuktiyoM kA jo antima rUpa huA vaha dvitIya bhadrabAhu kA hai. arthAt dvitIya bhadrabAha ne apane samaya taka kI upalabdha niyukti-gAthAoM kA apanI niyuktiyoM meM saMgraha kiyA ho, sAtha hI apanI ora se bhI kucha naI gAthAeM banA kara jor3a dI. yahI rUpa Aja hamAre sAmane niyukti ke nAma se upalabdha hai. isa taraha kramazaH niyukti-gAthAeM bar3hatI gaIM. isakA eka prabala pramANa yaha hai ki dazavakAlika kI donoM cUNiyoM FOR WATCHINA TANAMAIRApartmeLINE ANTALIANILIAATMASARA MATERIWA VE MURRICS Yumilton TRAO HASE Jain www.janeilbrary.org
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________________ muni zrIpuNyavijaya : jainAgamadhara aura prAkRta vAGmaya : 16 meM prathama adhyayana kI kevala 57 niyukti gAthAeM haiM jaba ki haribhadra kI vRtti meM 157 haiM. isase yaha bhI siddha hotA hai ki dvitIya bhadrabAhu ne niyuktiyoM kA antima saMgraha kiyA. usake bAda bhI usameM vRddhi hotI rahI hai. isa spaSTIkaraNa ke prakAza meM yadi hama zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ko bhI niyuktikAra mAneM to anucita na hogA. (7) zyAmAcArya : (vIra ni0 376 meM divaMgataH)-inhoMne prajJApanA upAMgasUtra kI racanA kI hai. prajJApanAsUtra ke "vAyagavaravaMsAo tevIsaimeNa dhIrapuriseNa' isa prAraMbhika ullekha ke anusAra ye vAcakavaMza ke 23 veM puruSa the. (8,6,10) Arya suhasti (vI. ni. 261) Aryasamudra : (vI. ni. 470) aura Arya maMgu (vI. ni. 470)-ina tIna sthaviroM kI koI khAsa kRti hamAre sAmane nahIM hai, kintu jaina AgamoM meM, khAsakara niyukti, bhASya, cUNi Adi meM nAma-sthApanA Adi nikSepa dvArA padArthamAtra kA jo samagrabhAva se prajJApana kiyA jAtA hai isameM jo dravya-nikSepa AtA hai isa viSaya meM ina tIna sthaviroM kI mAnyatA kA ullekhna kalpacUrNi meM kiyA gayA hai :"kiMca zrAdesA jahA-ajjamaMgU tivihaM saMkhaM icchati, egabhaviyaM baddhAuyaM abhimuhanAma-gottaM ca. ajjasamuddA duvihaM, baddhAuyaM abhimuhanAma-gottaM ca. ajjasuhatthI ega abhimuhaNAma-goyaM icchati" ye tIna mahApuruSa jaina AgamoM ke zreSTha jJAtA evaM mAnanIya sthavira the. (11) pAdaliptAcArya : (vIra ni. 467 ke AsapAsa)-ina AcArya ne taraMgavaI nAmaka prAkRta-dezI bhASAmayI ati rasapUrNa AkhyAyikA kI racanA kI hai. yaha AkhyAyikA Aja prApta nahIM hai kintu hArijagacchIya AcArya yaza (?) racita prAkRta gAthAbaddha isakA saMkSepa prApta hai. DA0 arksa laoNyamAna ne isa saMkSepa meM samAviSTa kathAMza ko par3hakara isakA jarmana meM anuvAda kiyA hai. yahI isa AkhyAyikA kI madhuratA kI pratIti hai. dAkSiNyaka udyotanasUri, mahAkavi dhanapAla Adi ne isa racanA kI mArmika stuti kI hai. inhIM AcArya ne jyotiSkaraMDakazAstra kI prAkRta Tippanaka rUpa choTI sI vRtti likhI hai. isakA ullekha AcArya malayagiri ne apanI sUryaprajJaptivRtti meM (patra 72 va 100) aura jyotiSkaraMDakavRtti meM (patra 52, 121,237) kiyA hai. yadyapi AcArya malayagiri ne jyotiSkaraMDaka-vRtti ko pAdaliptAcAryanirmita batalAyA hai kintu Aja jaisalamera aura khaMbhAta meM paMdrahavIM zatI meM likhI gaI mUla aura vRtti sahita mUla kI jo hastapratiyA~ prApta haiM unheM dekhate hue AcArya malayagiri ke kathana ko kahA~ taka mAnA jAya, yaha maiM tajjJa vidvAnoM para chor3a detA hU~. uparyukta mUla grantha evaM mUla granthasahita vRtti ke aMta meM jo ullekha haiM ve kramazaH isa prakAra haiM : kAlaNNANasamAso puvAyariehi vaNNio eso| diNakarapaNNa tIto sissajaNahio suhopAyo / / puvAyariyakayANaM karaNANaM jotisammi samayammi / pAlittakeNa iNamo raiyA gAhAhiM parivADI // -jyotiSkaraNDaka prAnta bhAga. kAlaNNANasamAso puvAyariehi nINio eso| diNakarapaNNattIto sissajaNahio pio ...... / / puvAyariyakayAya nItisamasamaeNaM / pAlittaeNa iNamo raiyA gAhAhiM parivADI / / / / Namo arahaMtANa // kAlaNNANassiNamo vittI NAmeNa caMda [....] tti / sivanaMdivAyagehiM tu royigA jiNadevagatihetUNaM (?) / / // graM0 1580 // -jyotiSkaraMDakavRtti prAnta bhAga. ina donoM ullekhoM se to aisA pratIta hotA hai ki-mUla jyotiSkaraMDakaprakIrNaka ke praNetA pAdaliptAcArya haiM aura usakI vRtti, jisakA nAma 'candra' hai, zivanandI vAcaka kI racanA hai. AcArya malayagiri ne to sUryaprajJaptivRtti evaM jyotiSkaraMDaka HINITION YAMAMMenimammHOCITYANATYAYANTI HIWANDIIND KADAMITRAULARISM D Jain Educati
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________________ Jain Educato wwwwwwwwmmmm 720 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya vRtti meM isa vRtti ke praNetA pAdalipta ko kahA hai. saMbhava hai, AcArya malayagiri ke pAsa koI alaga kula kI pratiyA~ AI hoM jinameM mUlasUtra aura vRtti kA Adi antima bhAga chUTa gayA ho, jaisalamera ke tApIya saMgraha kI jyotiSkaraNDaka mUlasUtra kI prati meM isakA Adi aura anta kA bhAga nahIM hai. AcArya malayagiri ko aise hI kula kI koI khaMDita prati milI hogI jisa se anusandhAnaM kara ke unhoMne apanI vRtti kI racanA kI hogI. ina AcArya ne 'zatruMjayakalpa' kI bhI racanA kI hai. nAgArjunayogI inakA upAsaka thA. isane inhIM AcArya ke nAma se zatruMjaya mahAtIrtha kI talahaTI meM pAiliptanagara [pAlI[lAgA] basAyA thA. aisI anubhUti jainagranthoM meM pAI jAtI hai. - (11) ArakSita (vIra ni0 284 meM divaMgata ) svavira AyaM vacasvAmI inake vidyAguru the. ye jaina AgamoM ke anu yoga kA pRthaktva-bheda karanevAle, nayoM dvArA hone vAlI vyAkhyA ke Agraha ko zithila karanevAle aura anuyogadvArasUtra ke praNetA the. prAcIna vyAkhyAna paddhati ko inhoMne anuyogadvArasUtra kI racanA dvArA zAstrabaddha kara diyA hai. ye zrI durbalikA, puSyamitra vindhya Adi ke dIkSAguru evaM zikSAguru the. yahA~ para prasaMgavaza anuyoga kA pRthakttva kyA hai, isakA nirdeza karanA ucita hogA. 7 anuyogakA pRtha kahA jAtA hai ki prAcIna yuga meM jaina gItArtha sthavira jaina AgamoM ke pratyeka choTe-bar3e sUtroM kI vAcanA ziSyoM ko cAra anuyogoM ke mizraNa se diyA karate the. unakA isa vAcanA yA vyAkhyA kA kyA DhaMga thA, yaha kahanA kaThina hai phira bhI anumAna hotA hai ki usa vyAkhyA meM - ( 1 ) caraNakaraNAnuyoga jIvana ke vizuddha AcAra, (2) dharmakayAnuyoga - vizuddha AcAra kA pAlana karanevAloM kI jIvana- kathA, (3) gaNitAnuyoga - vizuddha AcAra kA pAlana karanevAloM ke aneka bhUgolakhagola ke sthAna aura ( 4 ) dravyAnuyoga - vizuddha jIvana jIne vAloM kI tAttvika jIvana - cintA kyA va kisa prakAra kI ho, isakA nirUpaNa rahatA hogA aura ve pratyekasUtra kI nayA, pramANa va bhaMgajAla se vyAkhyA kara usake hArdako kaI prakAra se vistRta kara batAte hoMge. samaya ke prabhAva se buddhibala va smaraNazakti kI hAni honepara kramaza: isa prakArake vyAkhyAna meM nyUnatA AtI hI gaI jisakA sAkSAtkAra sthavira Arya kAlaka dvArA apane praziSya sAgaracandra ko diye gaye dhUlipuMja ke udAharaNase ho jAtA hai. jaise dhUlipuMja ko eka jagaha rakhA jAya, phira usako uThAkara dUsarI jagaha rakhA jAya isa prakAra usI dhUlipuMja ko uThA-uThAkara dUsarI dUsarI jagaha para rakhA jAya. aisA karane para zurU kA bar3A dhUlipuMja anta meM cuTakI meM bhI na Ave, aisA ho jAtA hai. isI prakAra jaina AgamoMkA anuyoga arthAt vyAkhyAna kama hote-hote paramparAse bahuta saMkSipta raha gayA. aisI dazAmeM buddhivala evaM smaraNazakti kI hAni ke kAraNa jaba caturanuyoga kA vyAkhyAna durghaTa pratIta huA taba svavira Aryarata caturanuyoga vyAkhyAnake Agrahako zithila kara diyA. itanA hI nahIM, unhoMne pratyeka sUtra kI jo nayoM ke AdhAra se tArkika vicAraNA Avazyaka samajhI jAtI thI use bhI vaikalpika kara diyA. zrIAryarakSita ke ziSya praziSyoM kA samudAya saMkhyA meM baDA thA. unameM jo vidvAn ziSya the una sabameM durbalikA puSyamitra adhika buddhimAn evaM smRtizAlI the. ve kAraNavazAt kucha dina taka svAdhyAya na karaneke kAraNa 11 aMga, pUrvazAstra Adiko aura unakI nayagarbhita caturanuyogAtmaka vyAkhyA ko vistRta karane lage. isa nimitta ko pAkara sthavira AryarakSita ne socA ki aisA buddhismRtisampanna bhI yadi isa anuyogako bhUla jAtA hai to dUsarekI to bAta hI kyA ? aisA socakara unhoMne caturanuyoga ke sthAna para sUtroM kI vyAkhyA meM unake mUla viSaya ko dhyAna meM rakhakara kisI eka anuyoga ko hI prAdhAnya diyA aura nayoM dvArA vyAkhyA karanA bhI Avazyaka nahIM samajhA. vaktA va zrotA kI anukUlatA ke anusAra hI nayoM dvArA vyAkhyA kI jAya, aisI paddhati kA pracalana kiyA. tadanusAra vidyamAna AgamoM ke sUtroM ko unhoMne cAra anuyogoM meM vibhakta kara diyA jisase tat tat sUtra kI vyAkhyA kevala eka hI anuyoga kA Azraya lekara ho. jaise AcAra, dazavaikAlika Adi sUtroM kI vyAkhyA meM kevala caraNakaraNAnuyoga kA hI Azraya liyA jAya, zeSa kA nahIM. isI prakAra sUtroM ko kAlika- utkAlika vibhAga meM bhI bAMTa diyA. vents day set Vamanently.org
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________________ muni zrIpuNyavijaya : jainAgamadhara aura prAkRta vAGmaya : 721 wwwwwwwwwwww (13) kAlikAcArya : (vIra ni0 605 ke AsapAsa)-paMcakalpamahAbhASya ke ullekhAnusAra ye AcArya zAlivAhana ke samakAlIna the. inhoMne jainaparamparAgata kathAoM ke saMgraharUpa prathamAnuyoga nAmaka kathAsaMgraha kA punaruddhAra kiyA thA. isake atirikta gaMDikAnuyoga aura jyotiSazAstraviSayaka lokAnuyoga nAmaka zAstroM kA bhI nirmANa kiyA thA. jaina AgamagraMthoM kI saMgrahaNiyoM kI racanA inhIM kI hai. jaina AgamoM ke pratyeka choTe-choTe vibhAga meM jina-jina viSayoM kA samAveza hotA thA unakA cIjarUpa saMgraha ina saMgrahaNI-gAthAoM meM kiyA gayA hai. eka prakAra se ise jaina AgamoM kA viSayAnukrama hI samajhanA cAhie. Aja yaha saMgraha vyavasthitarUpa meM dekhane meM nahIM AtA hai, tathApi saMbhava hai ki bhagavatI, prajJApanA, Avazyaka Adi sUtroM kI TIkAoM meM TIkAkAra AcAryoM ne pratyeka zataka, adhyayana, pratipatti, pada Adi ke prArambha meM jo saMgrahaNI-gAthAe~ dI haiM ve yahI saMgrahaNI-gAthAe~ hoM. (14) guNadhara (vIra ni0 614-683 ke bIca)---digambara AmnAya meM AgamarUpa se mAnya kasAyapAhuDa ke kartA guNadhara AcArya haiM. unake samaya kA nizcaya yathArtharUpa meM karanA kaThina hai. paM0 hIrAlAlajI kA anumAna hai ki ye AcArya dharasena se bhI pahale hue haiM, (15) AcArya dharasena, puSpadanta va bhUtabali-(vIra ni0 614-683 ke bIca ?) digambara AmnAya meM SaTkhaMDAgama ke nAma se jo siddhAntagrantha mAnya haiM usakA zreya ina tInoM AcAryoM ko hai. jisa prakAra bhadrabAhu ne caudahapUrva kA jJAna sthUlabhadra ko diyA usI prakAra AcArya dharasena ne puSpadanta aura bhUtabali ko zruta kA lopa na ho, isa dRSTi se siddhAnta par3hAyA jisake AdhAra para donoM ne SaTkhaNDAgama kI racanA kI. inakA samaya vIranirvANa 614 va 683 ke bIca hai, aisI saMbhAvanA kI gaI hai. (16, 17) Arya maMca aura nAgahasthi-kaSAyapAhuDa kI paramparA ko surakSita rakhane kA vizeSa kArya ina AcAryoM ne kiyA aura inhIM ke pAsa adhyayana karake AcArya yativRSabha ne kasAyapAhuDa kI cUNi kI racanA kI thI. ina AcAryoM ko naMdIsUtra kI paTTAvalI meM bhI sthAna milA hai. naMdIsUtrakAra ne Arya maMgu aura nAgahasti kA varNana isa prakAra kiyA hai : bhaNagaM karagaM jharagaM pabhAvagaM NANa-dasaNa-guNANaM / vaMdAmi ajjamaMgu suyasAgarapAragaM dhIraM // 28 // NANammi daMsaNammi ya tava-viNae NiccakAlamujjuttaM / ajjANaMdilakhamaNaM sirasA baMde pasaNNamaNaM // 26 / / vaDDau vAyagavaMso jasavaMso ajjaNAgahatthINaM / vAgaraNa-karaNa-bhaMgiya-kammappagaDIpahANANaM naMdIsUtra ke Arya maMgu hI Arya maMkSu haiM, aisA nirNaya kiyA gayA hai. isase vidvAnoM kA dhyAna isa ora jAnA Avazyaka hai ki Aja bhale hI kucha graMthoM ko hama kevala zvetAmbaroM ke hI mAne aura kucha ko kevala digambaroM ke kintu vastutaH ekakAla aisA thA jaba zAstrakAra aura zAstra kA aisA sAmpradAyika vibhAjana nahIM huA thA. Arya maMkSu ke viSaya meM eka khAsa bAta yaha bhI dhyAna dene yogya hai ki unake kucha vizeSa mantavyoM ke viSaya meM jayadhavalAkAra kA kahanA hai ki ye paramparA ke anukUla nahIM (SaTkhaMDAgama bhA0 3 bhUmikA pRSTha 15). (18) prAcArya zivazarma : (vIra ni0 825 se pUrva)-jainadharma kI aneka vizeSatAoM meM eka vizeSatA hai usake karmasiddhAnta kI. jisa prakAra SaTkhaNDAgama aura kasAyapAhuDa vizeSataH karmasiddhAnta ke hI nirUpaka haiM usI prakAra zivazarma kI kammapayaDI aura zataka karmasiddhAnta ke hI nirUpaka prAcIna graMtha haiM. inakA samaya bhASya-cUrNikAla ke pahale kA avazya hai. (16, 20) skandilAcArya va nAgArjunAcArya (vIra ni0 827 se 840) ye sthavira kramazaH mAthurI yA skAndilI aura BE TER
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________________ Jain E iiiiiiiiiiivi 722 : muni zrI hajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya vAlabhI yA nAgArjunI vAcanA ke pravartaka the. donoM hI samakAlIna sthavira AcArya the. inake yuga meM bhayaMkara durbhikSa upasthita hone ke kAraNa jaina zramaNoM ko idhara-udhara viprakIrNa choTe-choTe samUhoM meM rahanA par3A. zrutadhara sthaviroM kI viprakRSTatA evaM bhikSA kI durlabhatA ke kAraNa jainazramaNoM kA adhyayana-svAdhyAyAdi bhI kama ho gayA. aneka zrutadhara sthaviroM kA isa durbhikSa meM dehAvasAna ho jAne ke kAraNa jaina AgamoM kA bahuta aMza naSTa-bhraSTa, chinna-bhinna evaM astavyasta ho gayA. durbhikSa ke anta meM ye donoM sthavira, jo ki mukhya rUpa se zrutadhara the, baca rahe the kintu eka-dUsare se bahuta dUra the. Arya skandila mathurA ke Asa-pAsa the aura Arya nAgArjuna saurASTra meM. durbhikSa ke anta meM ina donoM sthaviroM ne vI0 saM0 827 se 840 ke bIca kisI varSa meM kramaza: mathurA va valabhI meM saMghasamavAya ekatra karake jaina AgamoM ko jisa rUpa meM yAda thA usa rUpa meM grantharUpa se likha liyA. donoM sthavira vRddha hone ke kAraNa paraspara mila na sake. isakA pariNAma yaha huA ki donoM ke ziSya-praziSyAdi apanI-apanI paramparA ke AgamoM ko apanAte rahe aura unakA adhyayana karate rahe. yaha sthiti lagabhaga Der3ha sau varSa taka rahI. isa samaya taka koI aisA pratibhAsampanna vyakti nahIM huA jo AgamoM ke isa pAThabheda kA samanvaya kara pAtA. isI kAraNa AgamoM kA vyavasthita lekhana Adi bhI nahIM ho sakA. jo kucha bhI ho Aja jo jainAgama vidyamAna haiM ve ina donoM sthaviroM kI dena haiM. (21) sthavira Arya goviMda ( vIra ni0 850 se pUrva ) - ye pahale bauddha AcArya the aura bAda meM inhoMne jainadharma svIkAra kiyA thA. inhoMne govindaniyukti kI racanA kI thI jisameM pRthvI, pAnI, agni Adi kI sajIvatA kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai. yaha niryukti kisa Agama ko lakSya karake racI gaI, isakA koI ullekha nahIM milatA. phira bhI anumAna hotA hai ki yaha AcArAMgasUtra ke prathama adhyayana zastraparijJA athavA dazarvakAlikasUtra ke caturtha adhyayana chajjIvaNiyA ko lakSya karake racI gaI hogI. Aja isa niyukti kA kahIM para bhI patA nahIM milatA hai. AcArya goviMda ke nAma kA ullekha dazavekAlikasUtra ke caturtha adhyayana kI vRtti meM AcArya haribhadra ne bhASyagAthA ke nAma se jo gAthAeM uddhRta kara vyAkhyA kI hai usameM "goviMdavAyago viya jaha parapakvaM niyattei " (patra0 53,1 gA0 82 ) isa prakAra ullekha AtA hai. AcArya haribhadra 'goviMdavAyaga' isa prAkRta nAma kA saMskRta meM parivartana 'gopendra vAcaka' nAma se karate haiM. AcArya zrI haribhadra sUri ne apane yogabindu grantha meM gopendra ke nAma se jo avataraNa diye haiM, ve saMbhava hai ki inhIM gopendra vAcaka ke hoM. jaina AgamoM ke bhASya meM ina govinda sthavira kA ullekha 'jJAnastena' ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai. isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki ye pahale jainAcAryoM kI yukti prayuktiyoM ko jAnakara unakA khaNDana karane kI dRSTi se hI dIkSita hue the, kintu bAda meM unake hRdaya ko jainAcAryoM kI yukti prayuktiyoM ne jIta liyA jisase ve phira se dIkSita hue aura mahAn anuyogadhara hue. naMdIsUtra kI prAraMbhika sthavirAvalI meM inakA paricaya gAthA ke dvArA isa prakAra diyA hai : goviMdAraNaM piNamo ajoge viusa pAraNidANaM / niccaM khaMti - dayANaM parUvaNAdullabhidAraNaM // (22,23) devardhigaNi va gandharva vAdivetAla zAMtisUri (vIra ni0 663 ) - devadhigaNi kSamAzramaNa mAthurI vAcanAnuyAyI pratibhAsampanna samartha AcArya the. inhIM kI adhyakSatA meM valabhI meM mAthurI evaM nAgArjunI vAcatAoM ke vAcanAbhedoM kA samanvaya karake jaina Agama vyavasthita kiye gaye aura liye bhI gaye. gandhayaM vAdivetAla zAntisUri bAtamI vAcanA nuyAyI mAnya sthavira the. inake viSaya meM vAlabbhasaMghakajje ujjamiyaM jugapahANatullehi / gaMdhabhvavAivAlasaMtisUrIhi balahIe | isa prakAra kA prAcIna ullekha bhI pAyA jAtA hai. isa gAthA meM 'valabhI meM vAlabhyasaMgha ke kArya ke lie gandharva vAdivetAla zAntisUri ne prayatna kiyA thA aisA jo ullekha hai vaha vAlabhyasaMgha kArya vAlabhI-vAcanA ko lakSya karake hI adhika saMbhavita hai. anyathA 'vAlabhyasaMghakajje' aisA ullekha na hokara 'saMghakajje' itanA hI ullekha kAphI hotA. isa ullekha se pratIta hotA hai ki zrIdevadhirANi kSamAzramaNa ko mAthurI vAlabhI vAcanAoM ko vyavasthApita karane meM inakA pramukha Cprary.org
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________________ muni zrIpuNyavijaya : jaina Agamadhara aura prAkRta vAGmaya : 723 wwwwwwwwwww sAhAyya rahA hogA. digaMbarAcArya devasenakRta darzanasAranAmaka grantha meM zvetAmbaroM kI utpatti ke varNanaprasaMga meM chattIse varisasae vikkamarAyassa maraNapattassa / soraTTha uppaNNo sevaDasaMgho hu valahIe // 52 // ekka puNa saMtiNAmo saMpatto valahiNAmaNayarIe / bahusIsasaMpautto visae soraTThae ramme / / 56 / / isa prakAra kA ullekha hai. yadyapi isa ullekha meM diyA huA saMvat milatA nahIM hai tathApi uparyukta 'vAlabbhasaMghakajje' gAthA meM nirdiSTa vAlabhyasaMghakArya, zAMtisUri, balabhi Adi ullekha ke sAtha tulanA karane ke liye darzanasAra kA yaha ullekha jarUra upayukta hai. devadhigaNi jo svayaM mAthurasaMgha ke yugapradhAna the, unakI adhyakSatA meM balabhInagara meM ekatrita saMghasamavAya meM donoM vAcanAoM ke zrutadhara sthavirAdi vidyamAna the. isa saMghasamavAya meM sarvasammati se mAthurI vAcanA ko pramukha sthAna diyA gayA hogA. isakA kAraNa yaha ho sakatA hai ki mAthurI-vAcanA ke jainaAgamoM kI vyavasthitatA evaM parimANAdhikatA thI. isameM jyotiSkaraMDaka jaise granthoM ko bhI sthAna diyA gayA jo kevala vAlabhI-vAcanA meM hI the. itanA hI nahIM apitu mAthurI-vAcanA se bhinna evaM atirikta jo sUtrapATha evaM vyAkhyAntara the una sabakA ullekha nAgArjunAcArya ke nAma se tattat sthAna para kiyA bhI gayA. AcArAMga Adi kI cUNioM meM aise ullekha pAye jAte haiM. samajha meM nahIM AtA ki jisa samaya jainaAgamoM ko pustakArUDha kiyA gayA hogA usa samaya ina vAcanAntaroM kA saMgraha kisa DhaMga se kiyA hogA?. jainaAgama kI koI aisI hastaprati maujUda nahIM hai jisameM ina vAcanAbhedoM kA saMgraha yA ullekha ho. Aja hamAre sAmane isa vAcanAbheda ko jAnane kA sAdhana prAcIna cUNigranthoM ke alAvA anya eka bhI grantha nahIM hai. cUNiyA~ bhI saba AgamoM kI nahIM kintu kebala Avazyaka, nandI, anuyogadvAra, dazavaikAlika, uttarAdhyayana, AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga, bhagavatI, jIvAbhigama, jambUdvIpaprajJapti, nizItha, kalpa, paMcakalpa, vyavahAra evaM dazAzrutaskandha kI hI milatI haiM. Upara jina AgamoM kI cUNiyoM ke nAma diye gaye haiM unameM se nAgArjunIya-vAcanAbheda kA ullekha kevala AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga, uttarAdhyayana va dazavakAlika kI cUNiyoM meM hI milatA hai. anya AgamoM meM nAgArjunIya vAcanA kI apekSA nyUnAdhikya yA vyAkhyAbheda kyA thA, isakA Aja koI patA nahIM lagatA. bahuta saMbhava hai, ye vAcanAbheda cUrNi-vRtti Adi vyAkhyAoM ke nirmANa ke bAda meM sirpha pAThabheda ke rUpa meM pariNata ho gaye hoM. yahI kAraNa hai ki cUrNikAra aura vRtti kAroM kI vyAkhyA meM pAThoM kA kabhI-kabhI bahuta antara dikhAI detA hai. (1) dazavakAlikasUtra ko anAmakartRka mudritacUNi ke pRSTha. 204 meM "nAgajjuNiyA tu evaM paDhaMti-evaM tu guNappehI aguNA'Navivajjae" isa prakAra eka hI nAgArjunIya vAcanA kA ullekha pAyA gayA hai. yaha ullekha pAThabhedamUlaka nahIM apitu vyAkhyAbhedamUlaka hai. mAthurI vAcanA vAle "aguNANa vivajjae-aguNAnAM vivarjakaH" aisI sIdhI vyAkhyA karate haiM, jabaki nAgArjunIya vAcanA vAle "aguNA'Navivajjae-aguNariNaM akuvvaMto" arthAt 'aguNarUpa RNa nahIM karate' aisI vyAkhyA karate haiM. isa cUNi meM nAgArjunIya nAma kA yaha eka hI ullekha dekhane meM AyA hai. isI dazakAlikasUtra kI sthavira agastyasiMhakRta evaM anya prAcIna cUNi pAI gaI hai jo abhI prAkRta-TeksTa-sosAiTI kI ora se chapa rahI hai. isameM (pR0 136) isa sthAna para uparyukta vAcanAbheda kA ullekha kiyA hai kintu nAgArjunIya nAma kA ullekha nahIM hai. isase bhI yahI pratIta hotA hai ki nAgArjunIya pAThabhedAdi kevala pAThAntara va matAntara ke rUpa meM hI raha gaye haiM. prAcIna vRttikAra AcArya haribhadra bhI apanI vRtti meM kahIM para bhI nAgArjunIya vAcanA kA nAmollekha karate nahIM haiM. (2) AcArAMgasUtra kI cUNi meM nAgArjunIyavAcanAbheda kA ullekha paMdraha jagaha pAyA jAtA hai1. bhadanta nAgArjunIyAstu paDhaMti pR0 62 vRttipatra 2. NAgajjuNiyA paDhaMti miRIALLite ANTED AAAAAAAWAAANTI DAIRATIONALDOMAIL. PSC ammHANI INDIA Priom nA Jain Ed
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________________ 120 wwwwwwwwwww 157 216 232 237 " 287 724 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya 3. bhadaMtaNAgajjuNiyA tu paDhaMti 4. bhadaMtaNAgajjuNiyA vRttipatra 166 pR02 bhadaMtaNAgajjuNiyA paDhaMti 136 183 pR0 2 ettha sakkhI bhadantanAgArjunAH 168 pR0 2 7. nAgArjunIyAstu 161 201 pR0 1 8. NAgajjuNIyA 207 236 pR0 1 bhadanta NAgajjuNA tu 245 pR0 1 10. NAgajjuNiyA u 216 NAgajjuNA vRttipatra 253 pR0 2 12. NAgajjuNA tu 256 pR0 1 13. NAgajjuNA 14. NAgajjuNA tu paDhaMti vRttipatra 303 pR0 1 15. bhadantanAgArjunIyA tu yahAM para AcArAMgacUNi aura zIlAMkAcArya racita vRtti ke jo pRSTha-patrAMka Adi diye gaye haiM ve AgamoddhAraka pUjya AcArya zrI sAgarAnandasUri sampAdita AvRtti ke haiM. uparyukta paMdraha ullekhoM meM se pAMca ullekha zIlAMkIya vRtti meM nahIM haiM. bAkI ke dasa ullekha zIlAMkAcArya ne diye haiM. ve sabhI ullekha AcArAMga ke prathama zrutaskandha kI cUNi-vRtti meM hI haiM. dvitIya zrutaskandha kI cUNi-vRtti meM nAgArjunIyavAcanA kA koI ullekha nahIM hai. yahAM AcArAMga-cUNi meM se nAgArjunIyavAcanA ke jo paMdraha ullekha uddhRta kiye gaye haiM unameM sAta jagaha ati pUjyatAsUcaka 'bhadanta' vizeSaNa kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai jo anya kisI cUNi-vRtti Adi meM nahIM hai. isase anumAna hotA hai ki isa cUNi ke praNetA, jinake nAma kA ullekha kahIM bhI nahIM milatA, kama-se-kama nAgArjunIya paraMparA ke prati Adara rakhane vAle the. (3) sUtrakRtAMga kI cUNi meM nAgArjunIya vAcanA ke jo ullekha milate haiM una sabhI sthAnoM para 'nAgArjunIyAstu' aisA likhakara hI nAgArjunIya vAcanAbheda kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai jo prathama zrutaskandha meM cAra jagaha va dUsare zrutaskandha meM nau jagaha pAyA gayA hai. AcArya zIlAMka ne apanI vRtti meM 'nAgArjunIyAstu paThanti' likhakara nAgArjunIya-vAcanA kA ullekha cAra jagaha kiyA hai. saMbhava hai pichale jamAne meM nAgArjunIya vAcanAbheda kA koI khAsa mahattva rahA na hogA. prasaMgavazAt eka bAta kI sUcanA karanA hama yahAM ucita samajhate haiM ki sUtrakRtAMgaNikAra 'aNuttaraNANI-aNuttaradaMsI aNuttaraNANadaMsaNadharo, eteNa ekatvaM NANa-dasaNANaM khyApitaM bhavati' [zruta 1 adhya0 2. u0 2 gA0 22] isa ullekha se ekopayogavAdI AcArya siddhasena ke anuyAyI mAlUma hote haiM. (4) uttarAdhyayanasUtra kI cuNi meM cUrNikAra AcArya ne pA~ca sthAnoM para nAgArjunIya vAcanAbheda kA ullekha kiyA hai. pAiya-TIkAkAra vAdivetAla zAntisUrijI ne bhI ina pA~ca sthAnoM para nAgArjunIya vAcanAbheda kA ullekha kiyA hai. kintu sirpha eka sthAna para nAgArjunIya kA nAma na lekara 'paThyate ca' aisA likhakara nAgArjunIya vAcanAbheda kA ullekha kiyA hai. [patra 264-1]. kucha vidvAn sthavira Arya devadhigaNi ke Agama-vyavasthApana va Agama-lekhana ko vAlabhI vAcanArUpa se batalAte haiM kiMtu Upara vAlabhI vAcanA ke viSaya meM jo kucha kahA gayA hai usase unakA yaha kathana bhrAnta siddha hotA hai. vAstava meM vAlabhI vAcanA vahI hai jo mAthurIvAcanA ke hI samaya meM sthavira Arya nAgArjuna ne valabhInagara meM saMghasamavAya ekatra kara jaina AgamoM kA saMkalana kiyA thA. AAMAARIGINARICA WINNINNINISTENINvAnANANENTEN Jaironmental For Private Personaruse my romartembrary.org
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________________ muni zrIpuNyavijaya : jaina Agamadhara aura prAkRta vAGmaya : 725 sthavira Arya devaddhigaNi ne valabhI meM saMghasamavAya ko ekatrita kara jaina AgamoM ko vyavasthita kiyA va likhavAyA. usa samaya lekhana kI prArambhika pravRtti kisa rUpa meM huI isakA spaSTa ullekha kahIM bhI nahIM milatA. sAmAnyatayA mukhopamukha kahA jAtA hai ki balabhI meM hajAroM kI saMkhyA meM graMtha likhe gaye the, kintu hamAre sAmane zIlAMkAcArya, navAMgavRttikAra abhayadevasUri Adi vyAkhyAkAra AcAryoM ke jo viSAdapUrNa ullekha vidyamAna haiM unase to yaha mAnA nahIM jA sakatA ki itane pramANa meM graMthalekhana huA hogA. zrIzIlAMkAcArya ne sUtrakRtAMga kI apanI vRtti meM isa prakAra likhA hai : iha ca prAyaH sUtrAdarzeSu nAnAvidhAni sUtrANi dRzyante, na ca TIkAsaMvAdI eko'pyAdarzaH samupalabdhaH, ata ekamAdarzamaGgIkRtyAsmAbhivivaraNaM kriyata iti, etadavagamya sUtravisaMvAdadarzanAccittavyAmoho na vidheya iti.' [mudrita patra 336-1] arthAt cUNisaMmata mUlasUtra ke sAtha tulanA kI jAya aisI eka bhI mUlasUtra kI hastaprati AcArya zIlAMka ko nahIM milI thI. zrI abhayadevAcArya ne bhI sthAnAMga, samavAyAMga va praznavyAkaraNa-ina tInoM aMga AgamoM kI vRtti ke prArambha evaM anta meM isI Azaya kA ullekha kiyA hai jo kramazaH isa prakAra hai : 1. vAcanAnAmanekatvAt, pustakAnAmazuddhitaH / sUtrANAmatigAMbhIryAd matabhedAcca kutracit // 2 // yasya graMthavarasya vAkyajaladherlakSaM sahasrANi ca, catvAriMzadaho ! catubhiradhikA mAnaM padAnAmabhUt / tasyoccazculukAkRti vidadhata: kAlAdidoSAt tathA, durlekhAt khilatAM gatasya kudhiyaH kurvantu kiM mAdazA: ? / / 2 / / 3. ajJA vayaM zAstramidaM gaMbhIra, prAyo'sya kUTAni ca pustakAni / sUtra vyavasthApyamato vimRzya, vyAkhyAnakalpAdita eva naiva // 2 // Upara udAharaNa ke rUpa meM zrI zIlAMkAcArya va zrI abhayadevAcArya ke jo ullekha diye haiM unase pratIta hotA hai ki valabhI meM sthavira Arya devaddhigaNi, gaMdharvavAdivetAla zAntisUri Adi ke prayatna se jo jaina AgamoM kA saMkalana evaM vyavasthApana huA aura unheM pustakArUr3ha kiyA gayA, yaha kArya jaina sthavira zramaNoM kI janaAgamAdi ko graMthArUr3ha karane kI alparuci ke kAraNa bahuta saMkSipta rUpa meM hI huA hogA tathA nikaTa bhaviSya meM hue valabhI ke bhaMga ke sAtha hI vaha vyavasthita kiyA huA AgamoM kA likhita choTA-sA graMtha-saMgraha naSTa ho gayA hogA. pariNAma yaha huA ki Akhira jo sthavira Arya skandila evaM sthavira Arya nAgArjuna ke samaya kI hastapratiyAM hoMgI, unhIM kI zaraNa vyAkhyAkAroM ko lenI par3I hogI. yahI kAraNa hai ki prAcIna cUrNiyAM evaM vyAkhyA-graMthoM meM saikar3oM pAThabheda ullikhita pAye jAte haiM jinakA udAharaNa ke rUpa meM maiM yahAM saMkSepa meM ullekha karatA hU~. AcArAMgasUtra kI cUNi meM cUrNikAra ne nAgArjunIya vAcanA ke ullekha ke alAvA 'paDhijjai ya' aisA likhakara unnIsa sthAnoM para pAThabheda kA ullekha kiyA hai. AcArya zrIzIlAMka ne bhI apanI vRtti meM upalabdha hastapratiyoM ke anusAra kitane hI sUtrapAThabheda diye haiM. isI prakAra sUtrakRtAMgacuNi meM bhI nAgArjunIya vAcanAbheda ke alAvA 'paThyate ca, paThyate cAnyathA sadbhiH, adhavA, athavA iha tu, mUlapAThastu, pAThavizeSastu, anyathA pAThastu, ayamaparakalpaH, pAThAntaram' Adi vAkyoM kA ullekha kara kevala prathamazrutaskandha kI cUNi meM hI lagabhaga savA sau jagaha jinheM vAstavika pAThabheda mAne jAya aise ullekhoM kI gAthA kI gAthAeM, pUrvArdha ke pUrvArdha va caraNa ke caraNa pAye jAte haiM. dvitIya zrutaskandha ke pAThabheda to isameM zAmila hI nahIM kiye gaye haiM. INE SINARESISESEISERESSERINNENININESEN NENE Jain Educa
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________________ 726 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya AcArya zIlAMka ne bhI bahuta se pAThabheda diye haiM, phira bhI cUNikAra kI apekSA ye bahuta kama haiM, yahAM para eka bAta khAsa dhyAna dene yogya hai ki khuda AcArya zIlAMka ne svIkAra kiyA hai ki 'hameM cUrNikArasvIkRta Adarza milA hI nahIM.' yahI kAraNa hai ki unakI TIkA meM cUNi kI apekSA mUla sUtrapATha evaM vyAkhyA meM bahuta antara par3a gayA hai. isake sAtha merA yaha bhI kathana hai ki Aja hamAre sAmane jo prAcIna sUtrapratiyAM vidyamAna haiM unake pAThabhedoM kA saMgraha kiyA jAya to sImAtIta pAThabheda mileMge. inameM agara bhASAprayoga ke pAThabhedoM ko zAmila kiyA jAya to maiM samajhatA hUM ki pAThabhedoM kA saMgraha karane vAle kA dama nikala jAya. phira bhI yaha kArya kama mahattva kA nahIM hai. prAkRta TeksTa sosAyaTI kI ora se jo AgamoM kA sampAdana kiyA jA rahA hai usameM isa prakAra kI mahattvapUrNa saba bAtoMko samAviSTa karane kA yathAsaMbhava pUrA dhyAna rakhA jAtA hai. dazavaikAlikasUtra para sthavira agastyasiMhakRta cUNi, ajJAtanAmakartRka dUsarI cUNi aura AcArya haribhadrakRta ziSyahitAvRtti-ye tIna vyAkhyAgraMtha maulika vyAkhyArUpa haiM. inake alAvA jo anya dRttiyAM vidyamAna haiM una sabakA mUlasrota AcArya haribhadra kI bRhadvRtti hI hai. AcArya haribhadra ne apanI vRtti meM "tatrApi" 'katyaha, kadA'haM, kathamaha' ityAdyadRzyapAThAntaraparityAgena dRzyaM vyAkhyAyate" (patra 85-1) aisA kaha kara pAThabhedoM kI jhaMjhaTa se chuTakArA hI pA liyA. anAmakartRka cUNi jisakA ullekha AcArya haribhadra apanI vRtti meM vRddha-vivaraNa ke nAma se karate haiM, usameM kahIM-kahIM pAThabhedoM kA ullekha hone para bhI unakA koI khAsa saMgraha nahIM hai. kintu sthavira agastyasiMhaviracita cUNi meM sUtrapAThoM kA nyUnAdhikya, pAThabheda, vyAkhyAbheda Adi kA saMgraha kAphI mAtrA meM kiyA gayA hai. mUlasUtra kI bhASA kA svarUpa bhI vRddhavivaraNa evaM AcArya haribhadra kI vRtti kI apekSA bahuta hI bhinna hai. vRddhavivaraNa va AcArya haribhadra kI vRtti meM mUla sUtra kI bhASA kA svarUpa Aja kI prAcIna tADapatrIya pratiyoM meM jaisA pAyA jAtA hai, karIba-karIba usase milatAjulatA hI hai. yahA~ para prAcIna cUNiyoM evaM unameM prApta honevAle pAThabhedAdi kA ullekha kara ApakA jo samaya liyA hai usakA kAraNa yaha hai ki valabhI nagara meM sthavira Arya devadhigaNi kSamAzramaNa pramukha janasaMgha ne jo jainAgamoM kA vyavasthApana kiyA thA aura inheM graMthArUDha kiyA thA vaha yadi vistRta rUpa meM hotA to vAlabhI graMthalekhana ke nikaTa bhaviSya meM honevAle cUNikAra, AcArya haribhadra, AcArya zIlAMka, zrI abhayadevasUri Adi ko vikRtAtivikRta Adarza na milate. jaise Aja hameM cAra sau, pA~ca sau, yAvat hajAra varSa purAnI zuddhaprAyaH hastapratiyAM mila jAtI haiM usI prakAra cUNikAra Adi ko bhI balabhIvyavasthApita zuddha evaM prAmANika pATha vAle Adarza avazya hI milate, kintu vaisA nahIM huA. isake liye unhoMne viSAda hI prakaTa kiyA hai. ata: mujhe yahI lagatA hai ki devadhigaNi kSamAzramaNa kA graMthalekhana bahuta saMkSiptarUpa meM huA hogA, jo valabhI ke bhaMga ke sAtha hI naSTa ho gayA. (24) bhahiyAyariya-sUtrakRtAMgacuNi, patra 405 ke "atra dUSagaNikSamAzramaNaziSya-bhaddiyAcAryA bruvate" isa ullekha ke anusAra bhaddiyAcArya sthavira dUSagaNi ke ziSya the. inake nAma kA ullekha evaM mata kA saMgraha agastyasiMhaviracita dazavakAlikacUNi patra 3 aura anAmakartRka dazavakAlikacUNi patra 4 meM bhI pAyA jAtA hai. (25) dattilAyariya-inake nAma kA nirdeza evaM mata kA saMgraha upayukta donoM dazavakAlikacUrNiyoM ke kramazaH 3 va 4 patra meM hai. ajJAtakartRka dazavakAlikacUNi meM bhaddiyAyariya evaM dattilAyariya-ina donoM sthaviroM ke nAmoM kA ullekha va inake mata kA saMgraha sAmAnyatayA kiyA gayA hai, jaba ki agastyasiMhaviracita cUNi meM "iha kayareNa ekkeNa ahikAro? savvaNNubhAsie kA ekkIyamayaviyAraNA ? tahA vi vakkhANabhedapadarisaNatthaM kittinimittaM gurUNaM bhaNNa ti-bhadiyAyariovaeseNaM bhinnarUvA ekkA dasasaddeNa saMgihIyA bhavaMti tti saMgahekkakeNa ahikAro, dattilAyariovaeseNa suyanANaM khaovasamie bhAve vaTTati tti bhAvekkakeNa ahigAro" isa prakAra hai. isa taraha ina donoM sthaviroM ke nAma kA ullekha 'kittinimittaM Jain Edukone
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________________ muni zrIpuNyavijaya : jaina Agamadhara aura prAkRta vAGmaya : 727 gurUNaM' isa vAkya se bar3e Adara ke sAtha kiyA gayA hai. sambhava hai, cUrNikAra kA ina sthaviroM ke sAtha anuyogaviSayaka koI khAsa ghaniSTha sambandha hogA. (26) gaMdhahastI-AcArya zIlAMka ke AcArAMgasUtra kI dRtti ke prArambha meM "zastraparijJAvivaraNamatibahugahanaM ca gandhahastikRtam" isa ullekha se gandhahasti AcArya ko AcArAMgasUtra ke prathama adhyayana zastraparijJA kA vivaraNakAra batAyA hai. himavaMtasthavirAvali meM AcArya gandhahasti ke viSaya meM isa prakAra kA nirdeza hai"teSAmAryasiMhAnAM sthavirANAM madhumitrA-''ryaskandilAcAryanAmAnau dvau ziSyAvabhUtAm. AryamadhumitrANAM ziSyA Aryagandhahastino'tIvavidvAMsaH prabhAvakAzcAbhavan. taizca pUrvasthavirottaMsomAsvAtivAcakaviracitatattvArthopari azItisahasrazlokapramANa mahAbhASyaM racitam. ekAdazAGgopari cAryaskandilasthavirANAmuparodhatastaivivaraNAni racitAni. yaduktaM tadracitA'' vArAGgavivaraNAnte therassa mahumittassa sehehi tipubvanANajuttehi / muNigaNavivaMdiehiM vavagayarAgAidosehiM / / baMbhaddIviyasAhAmauDehi gndhhtthivibuhehi| vivaraNameyaM raiyaM dosayavAsesu vikkamao // " himavaMtasthavirAvali ke isa aMza meM AcArya gandhahasti ko tattvArthagandhahastimahAbhASya ke praNetA evaM gyAraha jaina aMga AgamoM ke vivaraNakAra batalAyA hai jabaki AcArya zIlAMka ne inheM kevala AcArAGga ke prathama adhyayana ke racayitA hI kahA hai. dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki-inakI gyAraha aMga kI vRttiyoM ke uddharaNa yA nAmollekha bhASya-cUNi-vRttiyoM meM kahIM bhI dikhAI nahIM dete. aisI sthiti meM paTTAvali ke isa ullekha ko kahAM taka mAnA jAya, yaha eka prazna hai. yahA~ para gandhahastI, yaha vizeSanAma hai, vizeSaNa nahIM. zIlAMkAcAryanirdiSTa gandhahastI himavaMtasthavizavalinirdiSTa gandhahastI hI haiM yA anya, isakA nirNaya karanA kaThina hai. sthavirAvalI meM jo AcArAMgavivaraNa kI aMtima prazasti kA uddharaNa diyA gayA hai vaha kahA~ taka ThIka hai, yaha kahanA bhI jarA kaThina hai. isa vizeSa nAma ke sAtha rahe hue gaurava ko dekhakara hI bAda meM isa nAma kA upayoga vizeSaNa ke rUpa meM hone lagA. tattvArthasUtravRtti ke praNetA siddhasenAcArya 'gandhahastI' kahe jAte the. ye himavaMtasthavirAvali dvArA nirdiSTra gandhahastI se anya hI haiM. kyoMki inakA samaya vikrama AThavIM ke bAda kA hai, jabaki sthavirAvalinirdiSTa ganthahastI kA samaya vikrama 200 hai. zrIyazovijayajI upAdhyAya ne apanI gurutattvavinizcaya kI svopajJavRtti meM sanmatitarka ke praNetA siddhasenAcArya ko bhI 'gandhahastI' likhA hai. (27.28) mittavAyaga-khamAsamaNa va sAdhurakSitagaNi kSamAzramaNa-ina donoM sthaviroM kI mAnyatA evaM nAma kA ullekha vyavahArabhASya gA0 462 kI cUNi meM cUrNikAra ne kiyA hai. (26) dhammagaNi khamAsamaNa-ina kSamAzramaNa ke maMtavya kA ullekha kalpavizeSacUNi meM "ahavA dhammagaNikhamAsamaNA deseNaM sabvesu vi padesu imA sohI-therAIsuM ahvA0 gAhAdvayam" isa prakAra hai. (30) agastyasiMha (bhASyakAroM ke pUrva-ye sthavira Arya vajra kI zAkhA meM hue haiM. inhoMne dazavakAlikasUtra para cUrNi kI racanA kI hai. yaha cUNi dazavakAlikasUtra ke vividha pATha bheda evaM bhASA kI dRSTi se bahuta mahattva kI hai. isa cUNi meM bhASyakAra kI gAthAoM kA ullekha na hone se isakI racanA bhASyakAroM ke pUrva kI pratIta hotI hai. isameM kaI ullekha aise bhI haiM jo cAlU sAmpradAyika praNAlI se bhinna prakAra ke haiM. AcArya zrI haribhadra ne apanI vRtti meM kahIM bhI isa cUNi kA ullekha nahIM kiyA hai, isakA kAraNa yahI pratIta hotA hai. vidvAnoM kI bhI jJAtiyAM hotI haiM. isameM kalkiviSayaka jo mAnyatA calatI hai aura jisakA vistRta varNana titthogAliyapaiNNaya meM pAyA bhI jAtA hai, isa viSaya meM "aNAgatamaTTha Na NiddhArejja-jadhA kakkI amuko vA evaM guNo rAyA bhavissai "aisA likhakara kalkiviSayaka mAnyatA ko Adara nahIM diyA hai. isa cUNi meM "bhaNitaM ca vararuciNA-'aMbaM phalANaM mama dAlima piyaM' [pR0 173] isa prakAra vararuci ke koI prAkRta graMtha kA uddharaNa mila sakatA hai. vararuci kA yaha prAkRta uddharaNa prAkRtavyAkaraNapraNetA vararuci XTA ha Jain Education sinelibrary.org
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________________ wwwwwVVVV ~~~ 728 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya ke samayanirNaya ke lie upayukta hone kI sambhAvanA hai. isa cUrNi kI prati jaisalamera ke jinabhadrIya jJAnabhaNDAra meM surakSita hai. isakA prakAzana prAkRta TeksTa sosAiTI kI ora se mere dvArA sampAdita ho kara zIghra hI prakAzita hogA. (31) saMghadAsagaNi kSamAzramaNa ( vi0 vIM zatAbdI -- ye AcArya vasudevahiMDI --- prathama khaNDa ke praNetA saMghadAsagaNa vAcaka se bhinna haiM evaM inake bAda ke bhI haiM. inhoMne kalpalaghubhASya aura paMcakalpamahAbhASya kI racanA kI hai. ve mahAbhASyakAra jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ke pUrvavartI haiM. Jain Exupl (32) jinamathi samAzramaNa (vi0 kI DI zatI) ye saiddhAntika AcArya the. inakI mahAbhASyakAra evaM bhASyakAra ke rUpa meM prasiddhi hai. dArzanika- gambhIracintanaparipUrNa vizeSAvazyaka mahAbhASya kI racanA ne inheM bahuta prasiddha kiyA hai. kevalajJAna aura kevaladarzana viSayaka yugapadupayogadvayavAda evaM abhedavAda ko mAnanevAle tArkika AcArya siddhasena divAkara aura mallavAdI ke mata kA inhoMne uparyukta bhASya evaM vizeSaNavatI grantha meM nirasana kiyA hai. jItakalpasUtra, bRhatsaMgrahaNI, bRhatkSeSasamAsa, anuyogadvAracUrNigata aMgunapadacUrNi aura vizeSAvazyaka svopajJavRtti paSThagarabAda vyAkhyAnaparyanta - inake itane grantha Aja upalabdha haiM. - koTTAryavAdigaNI (23) kAdAdigaNI kSamAzramaNa (vi0 240 ke bAda ina AcArya ne jinabhadragaNi ko svopajJa vRtti kI apUrNa racanA ko pUrNa kiyA hai. inhoMne anusandhita apanI isa vRtti meM yaha sUcita kiyA hai "nirmApya SaSThagaNadhara - vyAkhyAnaM kila divaMgatA pUjyAH " arthAt chaThe gaNadharavAda kA vyAkhyAna karake pUjya jinabhadragaNI svargavAsI hue. Age kI vRtti kA anusandhAna inhoMne kiyA hai. isa racanA ke atirikta inakI anya koI racanA nahIM milI hai. yaha svopajJa-vRtti lA0 da0 vidyAmandira, ahamadAbAda kI ora se prakAzita hogI. (34) siddha nagari kSamAzramaNa (vi0 chaThI zatI) - inakI Aja koI svatantra racanA prApta nahIM hai. inake race hue kucha sandarbha jo nirmukti, bhASya Adi ke vyAkhyAnarUpa gAthAsandarbha haiM, nizIthaNi va AvazyakaNa meM milate haiM. nizIyacUrNi meM inakA nAma evaM gAthAe~ chaH jagaha ullikhita haiM, jinake bhadrabAhukRta niyuktigAthAoM tathA purAtanagAthAoM ke vyAkhyAnarUpa hone kA nirdeza hai. AvazyakacUrNi meM (vibhAga 2, patra 233 ) inake nAma ke sAtha do vyAkhyAna-gAthAe~ dI gaI haiM. paMcakalpacUrNi meM bhI "uktaM ca siddha senkSamAzramaNa gurubhiH " aisA likha kara inakI eka gAthA kA uddharaNa kiyA hai. ina ullekhoM se patA calatA hai ki inakI Agamika vyAkhyAnagarbhita koI kRti yA kRtiyA~ avazya honI cAhie jo Aja upalabdha nahIM haiM. (35) siddhasenagaNa (vi0 saM0 chaThI zatI) - inakI eka hI kRti prApta huI hai jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNakRta jItakalpa para racita cUNi. uparyukta siddhasenagaNI kSamAzramaNa se ye siddhasena gaNi bhinna hai. (36) jinadAsagaNI mahattara ( vi0 7vIM zatAbdI) - nizIthacUrNi ke prArambhika ullekhAnusAra inake vidyAguru pradyumnagaNI kSamAzramaNa the. Aja jo cUrNiyAM upalabdha haiM inameM se nandI, anuyogadvAra aura nizItha kI cUrNiyAM inhIM kI racanAeM haiM. ( 37 ) gopAlika mahattara ziSya ( vi0 vIM zatAbdI ) - uttarAdhyayanacUrNi ke racayitA AcArya ne apane nAma kA nirdeza na kara 'gopAlika mahttaraziSya' itanA hI ullekha kiyA hai. inakI anya koI racanA upalabdha nahIM hai. *** *** - - (28) vibhaTa yA jinabhadra (vi. garmI zatAbdI ) haribhadra ne inakA nAmollekha kiyA hai. etadviSayaka sAriNo vidyAdharakula tilakAcArya jinadatta ziSyasya meM jinanigadAnusAriNaH vAkya vidyAgurutva kA sUcaka hai pratyantaroM meM jinameMTa' ke bajAya 'jinabhava' nAma bhI milatA ye haribhadra ke vidyAguru the. Avazyaka vRti ke anta meM AcArya puSpikA isa prakAra hai "kRtiH sitAmbarAcArya jinabhaTa nigadAnadharmato yAkinImahattarAsUnoralpamate rAcArya haribhadrasya." isa ullekha hai. "guruvastu vyAcakSate" aisA likhakara kaI jagaha haribhadrasUri ne apanI kRtiyoM meM inake mantavya kA nirdeza kiyA hai. (36) haribhara (vi0vIM zatAbdI) - inakA upanAma 'bhavaviraha' bhI hai. apanI kRtiyoM meM inhoMne 'bhavaviraha' *** **** *** library.org
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________________ muni zrIpuNyavijaya : jaina Agamadhara aura prAkRta vAGmaya : 726 pada kA kaI jagaha prayoga kiyA hai. kahIM-kahIM inakI kRtiyoM meM kevala 'viraha' pada kA prayoga hone ke kAraNa inheM virahAGka bhI kahate haiM. ye apane ko aneka granthoM kI antima puSpikA meM 'dharmato yAkinImahattArAsUnu' ke rUpa meM bhI likhate haiM. ye jaina AgamoM ke pAraMgata AcArya the evaM darzanazAstroM ke prakhara jJAtA the. inhoMne 1444 granthoM kI racanA kI aisA praghoSa calA AtA hai. inhoMne apanI kRtiyoM meM apanI jina-jina racanAoM ke nAma nirdiSTa kiye haiM unameM se bhI bahuta se grantha Aja aprApya haiM. phira bhI prAcIna jJAnabhaMDAroM ko TaTolane se inakI naI racanAe~ prApta hotI haiM. kucha varSa pahale hI khaMbhAta ke prAcIna tADapatrIya bhaMDAra meM se inakA racA huA yogazataka nAmaka grantha prApta huA thA. abhI hAla hI meM kaccha-mAMDavI ke kharataragacchIya prAcIna jJAnabhaMDAra meM se isI grantha kI svopajJa TIkA kI vi0 saM0 1164 meM likhI huI tADapatrIya prati bhI prApta huI hai. isI prakAra Aja apane pAsa jo lAkhoM kI tAdAda meM hastapratiyAM vidyamAna haiM jinakI vyavasthita sUciyAM abhI taka nahIM banI haiM, unheM TaTolA jAya to bahuta saMbhava hai ki apanI kalpanA meM bhI na hoM aisI prAcIna-prAcInatama aneka kRtiyAM prApta hoM. AcArya haribhadra ne tattvavicAra aura AcAra ke nirUpaNa meM samanvayazailI ko viziSTa rUpa se Adara diyA hai, ataH inakI racanAoM meM pracura gAMbhIrya AyA hai. inake viSaya meM vidvAnoM ne aneka dRSTiyoM se kAphI likhA hai, tathApi prasaMgavaza yahAM kucha kahanA anucita na hogA. inhoMne Avazyaka, nandI, anuyogadvAra, dazavakAlika, prajJApanA, jIvAbhigama aura piNDaniyukti- ina jaina AgamoM para apratima evaM maulika vRttiyoM kA nirmANa kiyA hai. AvazyakasUtra para to inhoMne do vRttiyA~ likhI thIM. inameM se ziSyahitA nAmaka 22000 zloka parimita lavuvRtti hI prApta hai. kintu durbhAgya hai ki dArzanika cintanoM ke mahAsAgara jaisI bRhadvRtti anupalabdha hai. isa vRtti kA inhoMne apanI ziSyahitA-laghuvRtti ke prAraMbha meM "yadyapi mayA tathAnyaiH kRtA'sya vivRtistathApi saMkSepAt" isa prakAra nirdeza kiyA hai. isI bRhadvRtti ko lakSya karake inhoMne nandIsUtra kI vRtti meM bhI "sAGketikazabdArthasambandhavAdimatamapyAvazyake vicArayiSyAmaH" isa prakAra kA ullekha kiyA hai. isa ullekha se patA lagatA hai ki isa bRhadvatti meM inhoMne kitane dArzanika vAdoM kI gaharI samIkSA kI hogI. isa bRhadvRtti kA pramANa maladhArI AcArya hemacandra ne apane AvazyakahAribhadrI vRtti ke Tippana meM (patra 2-1) "yadyapi mayA vRttiH kRtA ityevaMvAdini vRttikAre caturazItisahasrapramANA'nenaivAvazyakavRttiraparA kRtA''sIditi pravAdaH" isa ullekha dvArA 84000 zloka batalAyA hai. AcArya haribhadra aneka viSayoM ke mahAn jJAtA the. inakI grantharacanAoM kA pravAha dekhane se anumAna hotA hai ki ye pUrvAvasthA meM sAMkhyamatAnuyAyI rahe hoMge. inhone usa yuga ke bhAratIya darzanazAstroM kA gaharAI se adhyayana karane meM koI kamI nahIM rakhI thI. yahI kAraNa hai ki inhoMne atigaMbhIratApUrvaka samasta dArzanika tattvoM kA jainadarzana ke sAtha samanvaya karane kA prayatna kiyA hai. inhoMne dharmasaMgrahaNI, paMcavastuka, upadezapada, viMzativiziMkA, paMcAzaka, yogazataka, zrAvakadharmavidhitaMtra, dinazuddhi Adi zAstroM kA tathA samarAiccakahA, dhUrtAkhyAna Adi kathAoM kA prAkRta bhASA meM nirmANa kara prAkRtabhASA ko samRddha kiyA hai. ina granthoM meM dArzanika, zAstrIya, jyotiSa, yoga, caritra Adi aneka viSayoM kA saMgraha hai. isa prakAra prAkRtabhASA ko inakI bar3I dena hai. isI prakAra saMskRta meM bhI inhoMne anekAntavAda, anekAntajayapatAkA, nyAyapraveza, zAstravArtAsamuccaya, SaDdarzanasamuccaya, aSTakaprakaraNa, SoDazakaprakaraNa, dharmabindu, yogabindu, yogadRSTisamuccaya, lokatattvanirNaya Adi grantha banAye haiM. isa prakAra saMskRtabhASA ko bhI inakI bar3I dena hai. (40) koTyAcArya-(vi0 6 vIM zatAbdI) inhoMne vizeSAvazyakamahAbhASya para TIkA kI hai. isake alAvA inakI anya koI racanA nahIM milI hai. (41) vIrAcAryayugala--(1 vi0 6-10 zatAbdI aura 2 vi0 13 za0) AcArya haribhadra uparyukta piNDaniyuvitavRtti ko pUrNa kiye vinA hI divaMgata ho gaye the. isakI pUrti vIrAcArya ne kI thI. vIrAcArya do hue haiM. eka AcArya haribhadra kI apUrNa vRtti ko pUrNa karanevAle aura dUsare piNDaniyukti kI svatantra vRtti banAne vAle. ina dUsare vIrAcArya ne apanI vRtti ke prArambha meM isa prakAra likhA hai : *** *** *** *** *** TETTET
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________________ www 730 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya pAzAdizAstravibhAvakA vivRtimasyAH / Arebhire vidhAtuM pUrva haribhadrasUrivarAH // 7 // te sthApanAkhyadoSaM yAvad vivRti vidhAya divamagaman / taduparitanI tu kaizcid vIrAcAryaiH samApyeSA ||8|| tatrAmIbhiramuSyAH sugamA gAthA imA iti vibhAvya / kAzcinna vyAkhyAtAH, yA vivRtAstA api stokam ||6|| tAH samprati mandadhiyAM durbodhA iti mayA samastAnAm / tAsAM vyaktavyAkhyAhetoH kriyate prayAso'yam // 10 // (42) zIlAMkAcArya (vi0 10 za0 ) padArthoM kI aneka prakAra se vicAraNA kI hai aura dvitIya tarakanyaTIkA kI samApti zIlAMka se ye zIlAMka bhinna haiM. inhoMne AcArAMga va sUtrakRtAMga kI TIkA kI hai. ina do TIkAoM meM dArzanika gaI hai. AcArAMga prathama zrutaskaMdhaTIkA kI samApti vi0 saM0 207 meM huI vi0 saM0 198 yA 923 meM huI hai. cauppanna mahApuricariya ke praNetA (43) vAdivetAla zAntisUri (vi0 11 vIM zatAbdI ) uttarAdhyayana sUtra ko pAiyaTIkA ke praNetA yahI AcArya haiM. ye vikrama kI gyArahavIM zatAbdI meM hue haiM. gopAlakamataraziSyapraNIta pUrNi ke bAda aneka dArzanika vAdoM se pUrNa samartha TIkA yahI hai. isake bAda jo aneka TIkAe~ likhI gaIM una saba kA mUla srota yahI TIkA hai. isameM prAkRta aMza kI adhikatA hai ataH isakA nAma ' pAiya TIkA' pracalita ho gayA hai. AcArya haribhadraviracita aura AcArya malayagiriviracita AvazyakasUtra kI TIkAe~, droNAcArya kI opaniyukti va nemicandrasUri kI uttarAdhyayanasUtra kI yo TIkA prAkRtapradhAna hI hai. (44) droNAcArya ( vi0 12 za0 ) - ye jaina AgamoM ke atirikta sva-paradarzanazAstroM ke bhI jJAtA AcArya the. inhoMne abhayadevAcAryaviracita jaina aMga AgamoM kI TIkAoM ke atirikta anya TIkAgranthoM kA bhI saMzodhana Adi kiyA hai. inakI apanI eka hI kRti hai aura vaha hai onivRtti (42) abhayadevasUri (vi0 12 vIM za0 ) - inhoMne sthAnAMga Adi na aMgoM para vRtiyAM banAI hai ataH vA nau aMgasUtroM ye 'navAGgavRttikAra' ke nAma se pahacAne jAte haiM. ina aMga AgamoM meM jagaha-jagaha varNaka saMdarbhoM kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai ataH sarvaprathama inhoMne aupapAtika upAMgasUtra kI vRtti banAI jisase bAra-bAra AnevAle nirdiSTa varNakasthAnoM meM ekavAkyatA banI rahe. AcArya abhayadevasUri kI ina vRttiyoM kA saMzodhana va parivardhana uparyukta caitvavAsI zrIdroNAcArya ne kiyA hai, jo usa yuga ke eka mahAn Agamadhara AcArya the. AcArya abhayadevasUri ne apanI ina vRttiyoM meM kAphI dattacitta ho kara apane yuga meM prApta anekAneka prAcIna prAcInatama sUtrapratiyoM ko ekatra kara aMgasUtroM ke pAThoM ko vyavasthita karane kA mahAn kArya kiyA hai, ataH inakI vRttiyoM meM pAThabheda evaM vAcanAntara Adi kA kAphI saMgraha huA hai. isa kArya meM inake aneka vidvAn ziSya-praziSyoM ne inheM sahAyatA dI hai, isa prakAra kA ullekha inhoMne apanI granthaprazastiyoM meM kiyA hai. (46) majadhArI hemacandrasUri (vi0 120 ) - ye AcArya jaina AgamoM ke samartha jJAtA the. inhoMne jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNaviracita vizeSAvazyakamahAbhASya para 28000 zlokaparimita vistRta vivaraNa kI racanA vi0 saM0 1975 meM kI. anuyogadvArasUtra para inhoMne vistRta vyAkhyA racI hai. AvazyakasUtra kI hAribhadrIvRtti para vistRta Tippana bhI inhoMne likhA hai. ye racanAeM inake prakhara pANDitya kI sUcaka haiM. ina vivaraNoM ke atirikta inhoMne prAcIna zatakakarmagranthavRtti, jIvasamAsaprakaraNavRtti, puSpamAlAprakaraNa svopajJavRttiyukta, bhavabhAvanAprakaraNa svopajJavRttiyukta Adi grantha bhI banAye haiM. vizeSAvazyaka mahAbhASya kI TIkA ke anta meM Apane apanI grantharacanAoM kA krama isa prakAra diyA hai "vato mayA tasya paramapuruSasyopadezaM tyA viracayya bhaTiti nivetimAvazyakaDiSyakAbhidhAnaM sadbhAvanAmA W Jain Ed NEISENENES SEINABILISESEIS REINEISLISESEISPISESErg
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________________ muni zrIpuNyavijaya : jaina Agamadhara aura prAkRta vAGmaya : 731 nUtanaphalakam. tato'paramapi zatakavivaraNanAmakam, anyadapyanuyogadvAravRttisaMjJitam, tato'paramapyupadezamAlAsUtrA-bhidhAnam, aparaM tu tadvRttinAmakam, anyacca jIvasamAsavivaraNanAmadheyam, anyattu bhavabhAvanAsUtrasaMjJitam aparaM tu tadvivaraNanAmakam, anyacca jhaTiti viracayya tasyAH sadbhAvanAmaJjUSAyA aGgabhUtaM nivezitaM nandiTippanakanAmadheyaM nutanaM phalaka. etaizca nUtanaphalakanivezitarvajramayIva saJjAtAsau maJjUSA teSAM pApAnAmagamyA. tatastairatIvacchalaghAtitayA saJcUrNayitumArabdhaM tadvAra-kapATasampuTam. tato mayA sasambhrameNa nipuNaM tatpratividhAnopAyaM cintayitvA viracayitumArabdhaM tadvArapidhAnahetovizeSAvazyakavivaraNAbhidhAnaM vajramayamiva nUtanakapATasampuTam. tatazcAbhayakumAragaNi-dhanadevagaNi-jinabhadgaNilacamaNagaNi-vibudhacandrAdimunivRnda-zrImahAnanda -zrImahattarA-vIramatIgaNinyAdisAhAyyAd re re ! nizcitamidAnI hatA vayaM yadya tanniSpadyate, tato dhAvata dhAvata gRhIta gRhNIta lagata lagata' ityAdi pUtkurvatAM sarvAtmazaktyA praharatAM hAhAravaM kurvatAM ca mohAdicaraTAnAM cirAt kathaM kathamapi viracayya taddvAre nivezitametaditi." [patra 1356] isa ullekha meM Apane nandiTippanaka racanA kA ullekha kiyA hai jo Aja prApta nahIM hai. sAtha meM yaha bhI eka bAta hai ki--inhIM ke ziSya zrI zrI candra sUri ne prAkRta munisuvratasvAmicaritra ke anta meM zrI hemacandra sUri kA jIvanacaritra diyA hai jisameM inakI grantharacanAoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai kintu usameM nandIsUtraTippanaka ke nAma kA nirdeza nahIM hai, yaha Azcarya kI bAta hai. munisuvratasvAmicaritra kA ullekha isa prakAra hai. je teNa sayaM raiyA gaMthA te saMpai kahemi // 41 / / suttamuvaesamAlA-bhavabhAvaNapagaraNANi kAUNaM / gaMthasahassA caudasa terasa vittI kayA jeNa / / 42 / / aNuaogaddAgaNaM jIvasamAsassa taha ya sayagassa / jeNaM cha satta cauro gaMthasahassA kayA vittI // 42 / / mUlAvatsayavittIe uvari raiyaM ca TippaNaM jeNa / paMca sahassapamANaM visamaThANAvabodhayaraM // 44 / / jeNa visesAvassayasuttassuvari savittharA vittI / raiyA paripphuDatthA aDavIsa sahassaparimANA / / 4 / / vakkhANaguNapasiddhi soUNaM jassa gujjara nariMdo / jayasiMhadevanAmo kayaguNijaNamaNacamakkAro // 46 // isa ullekha meM zrIhemacandra sUri racita saba granthoM ke nAma aura unakA granthapramANa bhI ullikhita hai. sirpha isameM nandIsUtraTippanaka kA nAma zAmila nahIM hai. saMbhAvanA kI jAtI hai ki isa carita kI prArambhika nakala karane ke samaya prAcIna kAla se hI 44 gAthA ke bAda kI eka gAthA chUTa gaI hai. astu, kucha bhI ho, zrIhemacandrasUri mahArAja ne Apa hI apanI vizeSAvazyakavRtti ke anta meM "anyacca jhaTiti viracayya tasyA: sadbhAvanAmaJjUSAyA aGgabhUtaM nivezitaM nandiTippanakanAmadheyaM phalakam" aisA ullekha kiyA hai, isase yaha bAta to nivivAda hai ki--Apane nandiTippanaka kI racanA avazya kI thI, jo Aja prApta nahIM hai. Aja jo nandiTippanaka prApta hai vaha zIlabhadrasUri evaM dhanezvarasUri ina do guru ke ziSya zrIcandrasUri kA racita hai jo prAkRta TeksTa sosAyaTI kI ora se chapa kara prakazita hogA. (47) prAcArya malayagiri (vi0 12-13 za0)-inake guru, gaccha Adi ke nAma kA koI patA nahIM lagatA. ye gUrjarezvara caulukyarAja jayasiMhadeva ke mAnanIya aura mahArAjA kumArapAladeva ke dharmaguru zrIhemacandrAcArya ke vidyA-ArAdhanA ke sahacArI the. AcArya hemacandra ke sAtha inakA sambandha ati gahare pUjya bhAva kA thA. isalie inhoMne apanI AvazyakavRtti meM AcArya hemacandra kI dvAtriMzikA kA uddharaNa dete hue "Aha ca stutiSu guravaH' isa prakAra unake lie atyAdaragabhita zabdaprayoga kiyA hai. inhoMne nandIsUtra, bhagavatI-dvitIyazataka, rAjapraznIya, prajJApanA, jIvAbhigama, sUryaprajJapti, candraprajJapti, vyavahArasUtra, bRhatkalpa, Avazyaka, piNDaniyukti evaM jyotiSkaraNDaka-ina jaina-AgamoM para sapAdalakSa zloka - SAN *io 491CED HLA RRTRONTRYeave KAREAD HARIHARA KEISSENARIESENISENBLENESENNOSENENINONE, PATH
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________________ W wwwwwwwwwwwwww 732 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya pramANa vRttiyoM kI racanA kI hai. inakI ina vRttiyoM aura dharmasaMgrahaNI, karmaprakRti, paMcasaMgraha Adi kI vRttioM ke avagAhana se patA lagatA hai ki ye kevala jaina AgamoM ke hI dhuraMdhara jJAtA evaM pAraMgata vidvAn na the apitu gaNitazAstra, darzanazAstra evaM karmasiddhAnta meM bhI pAraMgata the. inhoMne malayagirizabdAnuzAsana nAmaka vyAkaraNa kI bhI racanA kI thI. apane vRttigraMthoM meM ye isI vyAkaraNa ke sUtroM kA ullekha karate haiM. inake jambUdvIpaprajJaptiTIkA oghaniyuktiTIkA, vizeSAvazyakavRtti, tattvArthasUtraTIkA, dharmasAraprakaraNaTIkA, devendranarakendraprakaraNaTIkA Adi kaI grantha Aja prApta nahIM haiM. inakI koI maulika kRti upalabdha nahIM hai. dekhA jAtA hai ki ye vyAkhyAkAra hI rahe haiM. vyAkhyAkAroM meM inakA sthAna sarvotkRSTa hai. (48) zrIcandrasUri (vi. 12-13 za0)-zrI zrIcandrasUri do hue haiM. eka maladhArI zrIhemacandrasUri ke ziSya, jinhoMne saMgrahaNIprakaraNa, munisuvratasvAbhicaritra prAkRta, laghupravacanasAroddhAra Adi kI racanA kI hai. dUsare candrakulIna zrIzIlabhadrasUri aura dhanezvarasUri guruyugala ke ziSya, jinhoMne nyAyapravezapaJjikA, jayadeva chandaHzAstravRtti -Tippanaka, nizIthacUNiTippanaka, nandisUtrahAribhadrI vRttiTippanaka, jItakalpacUNiTippanaka, paMcopAMgasUtravRtti, zrAddhapratikramaNasUtravRtti, piNDa vizuddhivRtti Adi kI racanA kI hai. yahA~ para ye dUsare thocandrasUri hI abhipreta haiM. inakA AcAryAvasthA ke pUrva meM pArzvadevagaNi nAma thA-aisA Apane hI nyAyapravezapaJjikA kI antima puSpikA meM sUcita kiyA hai. (46) zrAcArya kSemakIrti (vi0 1332)-ye tapAgaccha ke mAnya gItArtha AcArya the. AcArya malayagiriprArabdha bRhakalpavRtti kI pUrti inhoMne bar3I yogyatA ke sAtha kI hai. AcArya malayagiri ne jo vRtti kevala pIThikA kI gAthA 606 paryanta hI likhI thI usakI pUrti lagabhaga sau varSa ke bAda meM inhoMne vi0 saM0 1332 meM kI. isa vRtti ke atirikta inakI anya koI kRti prApta nahIM huI hai. bRhadbhASyakArAdi [vi. 8 vIM za0]-yahAM para anekAneka prAcIna sthaviroM kA jo mahAn Agamadhara the tathA jinake pAsa prAcIna guruparamparAoM kI virAsata thI, saMkSepa meM paricaya diyA gayA. aise bhI aneka gItArtha sthavira haiM jinake nAma kA koI patA nahIM hai. kalpabRhadbhASyakAra Adi evaM kalpavizeSaNikAra Adi isI prakAra ke sthavira haiM jinakI vidvattA kI paricAyaka kRtiyAM Aja hamAre sAmane vidyamAna haiM. avacUrNikArAdi [vi0 12 za0 se 18 za0] Upara jaina AgamoM ke 'dhuraMdhara sthaviroM kA paricaya diyA gayA hai. inake bAda eka choTA kintu mahattva kA kArya karane vAle jo prakIrNakakAra, avacUNikAra Adi AcArya hue haiM ve bhI cirasmaraNIya haiM. yahA saMkSepa meM inake nAmAdi kA ullekha kara detA hU~1. pArzvasAdhu [vi0 saM0 656], 2. vIrabhadragaNI [vi0 saM0 1078 meM ArAdhanApatAkA, bRhaccatuHzaraNa Adi ke praNetA], 3. namisAdhu [saM0 1123], 4. nemicandrasUri [saM0 1126], 5. municandrasUri [vi0 12vIM zatAbdI; lalita vistarApaJjikA, upadezapadaTIkA, devendranarakendra prakaraNavRtti, anekasaMkhyaprakaraNa, kulaka Adi ke praNetA], yazodevasUri [saM0 1180], 7 vi0 jayasiMhasUri [saM0 1183, zrAvakapratikramaNacUNi ke praNetA], 8. tilakAcArya [saM0 1296], 9. sumatisAdhu [vi0 13vIM za0], 10. pRthvIcandrasUri [vi. 13vIM za0], 11. jinaprabhasUri [saM0 1364], 12. bhuvanatuMgasUri [vi0 14 vIM za0], 13. jJAnasAgarasUri [saM0 1440], 14. guNaratnasUri [vi. 15vIM za0], 15. ratnazekharasUri [saM0 1466], 16. kamalasaMyamopAdhyAya [saM0 1544], 17. vinayahaMsagaNI [saM0 1572], 18. jinahaMsasUri [saM0 1582], 16. harSakula [saM0 1583], 20. brahmarSi [vi0 16vIM za0], 21. vijayavimalagaNIvArSi [saM0 1634], 22. samayasundaropAdhyAya [vi0 17 vIM za0] 23. dharmasAgaropAdhyAya [saM0 1636], 24, puNyasAgaropAdhyAya [saM0 1645], 25. zAnticandropAdhyAya [saM0 1650], 26. bhAvavijayagaNi [vi017 vIM za0] 27 jJAnavimalasUri [vi0 17vIM za0], 28. lakSmIvallabhagaNi [vi0 17vIM za0], 26-30. sumatikallolagaNi va harSanandanagaNi [saM0 1705, sthAnAMga sUtravRttigatagAthAvRtti ke racayitA], 31. nagarSi [vi0 18 vIM za0] ityAdi. ina vidvAn AcAryoM ne jaina AgamoM para choTI-bar3I mahattva kI vRtti, lavuvRtti, paMjikA, avacUri, avacUNi, dIpikA, dIpaka Jain Ede how.jalkelildrary.org
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________________ muni zrIpuNyavijaya: jaina zrAgamadhara aura prAkRta vAGmaya : 733 Tippana, viSamapadaparyAya Adi bhinna bhinna nAmoM vAlI vyAkhyAeM likhI haiM jo mUlasUtroM kA artha samajhane meM bar3I sahAyaka hai. ye vyAkhyAeM prAcIna vRttiyoM ke aMzoM kA zabdazaH saMgraha rUpa hone para bhI kabhI-kabhI ina vyAkhyAoM meM pAribhASika saMketoM ko samajhAne ke lie pracalita dezI bhASA kA bhI upayoga kiyA gayA hai. kahIM-kahIM prAcIna vRttiyoM meM 'sugama' . 'spaSTa' 'pAThasiddha' Adi likhakara chor3a diye gaye sthAnoM kI vyAkhyA bhI inameM pAI jAtI hai. isa dRSTi se ina vyAkhyAkAroM ke bhI hama bahuta kRtajJa haiM. wwwwwwwwwww prAkRta vAGmaya bhAratIya prAkRta vAGmaya aneka viSayoM meM vibhakta hai. sAmAnyataH inakA vibhAga isa prakAra kiyA jA sakatA hai : jaina Agama, jaina prakaraNa, jaina carita-kathA, stuti-stotrAdi, vyAkaraNa, koSa, chaMdaHzAstra, alaMkAra, kAvya, nATaka, subhASita Adi. yahAM para ina sabakA saMkSepa meM paricaya diyA jAyagA. jaina zrAgama--jisa prakAra vaidika aura bauddha sAhitya mukhya aura avAntara aneka vibhAgoM meM vibhakta hai usI prakAra jaina Agama bhI aneka vibhAgoM meM vibhakta hai. prAcIna kAla meM AgamoM ke aMga Agama aura aMgabAhya Agama yA kAlika Agama aura utkAlika Agama isa taraha vibhAga kiye jAte the. aMga Agama ve haiM jinakA zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ke gyAraha gaNadhara-paTTaziSyoM ne nirmANa kiyA hai. aMgabAhya Agama ve haiM jinakI racanA zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ke anya gItArtha sthaviroM, ziSyoM-praziSyoM evaM unake paramparAgata sthaviroM kI thI. sthaviroM ne inhIM AgamoM ke kAlika aura utkAlika aise do vibhAga kiye haiM. nizcita kiye gaye samaya meM par3he jAne vAle Agama kAlika haiM aura kisI bhI samaya meM par3he jAne vAle Agama utkAlika haiM. Aja saikar3oM varSoM se inake mukhya vibhAga aMga, upAMga, cheda, mUla Agama, zeSa Agama evaM prakIrNaka ke rUpa meM rUr3ha haiM. prAcIna yuga meM ina AgamoM kI saMkhyA naMdIsUtra aura pAkSikasUtra ke anusAra caurAsI thI parantu Aja paiMtAlIsa hai. naMdIsUtra meM evaM pAkSikasUtra meM jina AgamoM ke nAma diye haiM unameM se Aja bahutase Agama aprApya haiM jaba ki Aja mAne jAne vAle AgamoM kI saMkhyA meM naye nAma bhI dAkhila ho gaye haiM jo bahuta pIche ke arthAt gyArahavIM zatAbdI ke prathama caraNa ke bhI haiM. Aja mAne jAnevAle paitAlIsa AgamoM meM se bayAsIsa AgamoM ke nAma naMdIsUtra aura pAkSikasUtra meM pAye jAte haiM kintu Aja AgamoM kA jo krama pracalita hai vaha gyAraha aMgoM ko chor3akara zeSa AgamoM kA naMdIsUtra aura pAkSikasUtra meM nahIM pAyA jAtA. naMdIsUtrakAra ne aMga Agama ko chor3akara zeSa sabhI AgamoM ko prakIrNakoM meM samAviSTa kiyA hai. Agama ke aMga, upAMga, cheda, prakIrNaka Adi vibhAgoM meM se aMgoM ke bAraha hone kA samarthana svayaM aMga graMtha bhI karate haiM. upAMga Aja bAraha mAne jAte haiM kintu svayaM nirayAvalikA nAmaka upAMga meM upAMga ke pAMca varga hone kA ullekha hai. cheda zabda niyuktiyoM meM nizIthAdi ke lie prayukta hai. prakIrNaka zabda bhI naMdIsUtra jitanA to purAnA hai hI kintu usameM aMgetara sabhI Aga moM ko prakIrNaka kahA gayA hai.. aMga AgamoM ko chor3akara dUsare AgamoM kA nirmANa alaga-alaga samaya meM huA hai. paNNavaNA sUtra zyAmAryapraNIta hai. dazA, kalpa evaM vyavahAra sUtra ke praNetA caturdaza pUrvadhara sthavira Arya bhadra bAhu haiM. nizIthasUtra ke praNetA Arya bhadrabAhu yA vizAkhagaNi mahattara haiM. anuyogadvArasUtra ke nirmAtA sthavira AryarakSita haiM. naMdIsUtra ke kartA zrI devavAcaka hai. prakIrNakoM meM gine jAne vAle causaraNa, Aura paccakkhANa, bhattapariNNA aura ArAdhanApatAkA ke racayitA vIrabhadra gaNi haiM. ye ArAdhanApatAkA kI prazasti ke 'vikkamanivakAlAo aThutta rime samAsahassammi' aura 'aThThattarime samAsahassAmi' pAThabheda ke anusAra vikrama saMvat 1008 yA 1078 meM hue haiM. bRhaTTippaNikAkAra ne ArAdhanApatAkA kA racanAkAla 'ArAdhanApatAkA 1078 varSe vIrabhadrAcAryakRtA' arthAt saM0 1078 kahA hai. 'ArAdhanApatAkA' meM graMthakAra ne 'ArAhaNAvihiM puNa bhattapariNAi vaNNimo pubbi' (gAthA 51) arthAt 'ArAdhanAvidhi kA varNana hamane pahale bhakta. parijJA meM kara diyA hai' aisA likhA hai. isa nirdeza se yaha graMtha inhIM kA racA huA siddha hotA hai. Aja ke causaraNa evaM AurapaccakkhANake racanA-krama ko dekhane se ye prakIrNaka bhI inhIM ke race hue pratIta hote haiM. vIrabhadra kI yaha ArAdhanA Jain Education memotional Janmerary.org
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________________ 734 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya patAkA yApanIya 'AcAryapraNIta ArAdhanA bhagavatI' kA anukaraNa karake racI gaI hai. naMdIsUtra meM 'AurapaccakkhANa' kA jo nAma AtA hai vaha Aja ke 'AurapaccakkhANa se alaga hai. sAmAnyataH vIrabhadrAcArya ko bhagavAn mahAvIra kA ziSya mAnate haiM parantu uparokta pramANa ko par3hane ke bAda yaha mAnyatA bhrAnta siddha hotI hai. isa prakAra dUsare Agama bhI alaga-alaga samaya meM race hue haiM. ho sakatA hai ki rAyapaseNIya sUtra bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samaya hI meM racA gayA ho. naMdI-pAkSika sUtroM ke anusAra AgamoM ke caurAsI nAmoM va Aja ke pracalita AgamoM ke nAmoM se vidvAn paricita haiM hI ata: unakA ullekha na karake maiM mudde kI bAta kaha detA hUM ki Aja aMgasUtroM meM jo praznavyAkaraNasUtra hai vaha maulika nahIM kintu tatsthAnApanna koI nayA hI sUtra hai. isa bAta kA patA naMdIsUtra va samavAyAMga ke Agama-paricaya se lagatA hai. AcArya zrI municaMdrasUri ne devendra-narakendra prakaraNa kI apanI vRtti meM rAjapraznIya sUtra kA nAma 'rAjaprasenajit' likhA hai jo naMdI-pAkSika sUtra meM diye hue 'rAyappaseNaiyaM' isa prAkRta nAma se saMgati baiThAne ke lie hai. vaise rAjapraznIya meM pradezirAjA kA caritra hai. isa Agama ko par3hate hue petavatthu nAmaka bauddhagraMtha kA smaraNa ho AtA haiM. prakIrNaka--sAmAnyatayA prakIrNaka dasa mAne jAte haiM kintu inakI koI nizcita nAmAvalI na hone ke kAraNa ye nAma kaI prakAra se ginAye jAte haiM. ina saba prakAroM meM se saMgraha kiyA jAya to kula bAIsa nAma prApta hote haiM jo isa prakAra haiM--- 1. causaraNa, 2. AurapaccakkhANa, 3. bhattapariNA, 4. saMthAraya, 5. taMdulaveyAliya, 6. caMdAvejjhaya. 7. devidatthaya, 8. gaNivijjA, 6. mahApaccakkhANa, 10. vIratthaya, 11. isibhAsiyAI, 12. ajIvakappa, 13. gacchAyAra, 14. maraNasamAdhi, 15. titthogAli, 16. ArAhaNapaDAgA, 17. dIvasAgarapaNNatti, 18. joisakaraMDaya, 16. aMgavijjA, 20. siddhapAhuDa, 21. sArAvalI, 22. jIvavibhatti. ina prakIrNakoM ke nAmoM meM se naMdI-pAkSikasUtra meM utkAlika sUtravibhAga meM devidatthaya, taMdulaveyAliya, caMdAvejjhaya, gaNivijjA, maraNavibhatti-maraNasamAhi, AurapaccakkhANa, mahApaccakhANa ye sAta nAma aura kAlika vibhAga meM isibhAsiyAiM, dIvasAgarapaNNatti ye do nAma isa prakAra ( nAma pAye jAte haiM. phira bhI causaraNa, Aja kA AurapaccakkhANa, bhattapariNNA, saMthAraya aura ArAhaNapaDAgA-ina prakIrNakoM ko chor3akara dUsare prakIrNaka bahuta prAcIna haiM, jinakA ullekha cUNikAroM ne apanI cUNiyoM meM kiyA hai. taMdulaveyAliya kA ullekha agastyacUrNi (patra 3) meM hai. jaise karmaprakRti zAstra kA kamappagaDIsaMgahaNI nAma kahA jAtA hai, isI prakAra dIvasAgarapaNNatti kA dIvasAgarapaNNattisaMgrahaNI yaha nAma saMbhAvita hai. zvetAMbara mUrtipUjaka varga titthogAlipaiNNaya ko prakIrNakoM kI ginatI meM zAmila karatA hai, kintu isa prakIrNaka meM aisI bahuta-sI bAte haiM jo zvetAmbaroM ko svapna meM bhI mAnya nahIM haiM aura anubhava se dekhA jAya to usameM AgamoM ke naSTa hone kA jo krama diyA hai vaha saMgata bhI nahIM hai. aMgavijjApaiNNaya eka phalAdeza kA 6000 zloka parimita mahattva kA graMtha hai. isameM graha-nakSatrAdi yA rekhAdi lakSaNoM ke AdhAra para phalAdeza kA vicAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai, kintu mAnava kI anekavidha ceSTAoM evaM kriyAoM ke AdhAra para phalAdeza diyA gayA hai. eka taraha mAnA jAya to mAnasazAstra evaM aMgazAstra ko lakSya meM rakhakara isa graMtha kI racanA kI gaI hai. bhAratIya vAGmaya meM isa viSaya kA aisA evaM itanA mahAkAya graMtha dUsarA koI bhI upalabdha nahIM huA hai. AgamoM kI vyAkhyA Upara jina jaina mUla AgamasUtroM kA saMkSepa meM paricaya diyA gayA hai unake Upara prAkRta bhASA meM aneka prakAra kI vyAkhyAe~ likhI gaI haiM. inake nAma kramazaH--niyukti, saMgrahaNI, bhASya, mahAbhASya ; ye gAthAbaddha-padyabaddha vyAkhyAgraMtha haiM. aura cUNi, vizeSa cUNi evaM prAcIna vRttiyA~ gadyabaddha vyAkhyAgraMtha haiM. KIMANTHATITIHAANDALIMALANILEPHATIONyimmHARATI Pory RLIA' S0 UMAMES Tara Jain . m aithivary.org
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________________ wwwwwwwwww muni zrIpuNyavijaya : jaina zrAgamadhara aura prAkRta vAGmaya : 735 niyuktiyA~- sthavira Arya bhadrabAhu svAmI ne dasa AgamoM para niyuktiyA~ racI haiM, jinake nAma inhoMne Avazyakaniyukti meM isa prakAra likhe haiM Avassayassa 1 dasa kAliyassa 2 taha uttarajjha 3 mAyAre 4 / sUyagaDe Nijjutti 5 vocchAmi tahA dasANaM ca 6 / / kappassa ya Nijjutti, vavahArasseva paramaniuNassa 8 / sUriyapaNNattIe 6 vocchaM isibhAsiyANaM ca 10 // ina gAthAoM meM sUcita kiyA hai tadanusAra inhoMne dasa AgamoM kI niyuktiyA~ racI thIM. AgamoM kI astavyasta dazA, anuyoga kI pRthaktA Adi kAraNoM se ina niyuktiyoM kA mUla svarUpa kAyama na rahakara Aja inameM kAphI parivartana aura hAni-vRddhi ho cuke haiM. ina parivartita evaM parivaddhita niyuktioM kA maulika parimANa kyA thA ? yaha samajhanA Aja kaThina hai. khAsa karake jina para bhASya-mahAbhASya race gaye unakA mizraNa to aisA ho gayA hai ki-svayaM AcArya zrI malayagiri ko bRhatkalpa kI vRtti (patra 1) meM yaha kahanA par3A ki- 'sUtraspazikaniyuktirbhASyaM caiko graMtho jAtaH' aura unhoMne apanI vRtti meM niyukti-bhASya ko kahIM bhI pRthak karane kA prayatna nahIM kiyA hai. sUryaprajJapti aura RSibhASitasUtra kI niyuktiyA~ upalabdha nahIM haiM. uttarAdhyayana, AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga, dazA ina AgamoM kI niyuktiyoM kA parimANa spaSTarUpa se mAluma ho jAtA hai Avazyaka, dazakAlika Adi kI niyuktiyoM kA parimANa bhASyagAthAoM kA mizraNa ho jAne se nizcita karanA kaThina jarUra hai, tathApi parizrama karane se isakA nizcaya ho sakatA hai kintu kalpa va vyavahArasUtra kI niyuktiyoM kA parimANa kisI bhI prakAra nizcita nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| hA~, itanA avazya hai ki-cUNi-vizeSa-cUrNikAroM ne kahIM-kahIM 'purAtanagAthA, niryaktigAthA' ityAdi likhA hai, jisase niyuktigAthAoM kA kucha khyAla A sakatA hai to bhI saMpUrNatayA niyuktigAthAoM kA viveka yA pRthakkaraNa karanA muzkila hI hai. Upara jina niyuktioM kA ullekha kiyA hai inake atirikta oghaniyukti, piDaniyukti aura saMsaktaniyukti ye tIna niyuktiyA~ aura milatI haiM. inameM se oghaniyukti Avazyakaniyukti meM se aura piMDaniyukti dazakAlika niyukti meM se alaga kiye gaye aMza haiM. saMsaktaniyukti bahuta bAda kI evaM visaMgata racanA hai. sthavira Arya bhadrabAhuviracita niyuktiyoM ke alAvA bhASya aura cUNiyoM meM goviMdanijjutti kA bhI ullekha AtA hai, jo sthavira Arya goviMda kI racI huI thI. Aja isa niyukti kA patA nahIM hai. yaha naSTa ho gaI yA kisI niyukti meM samAviSTa ho gaI ? yaha kahA nahIM jA sakatA. nizIthacUNi meM isa prakAra kA ullekha milatA hai.---'teNa egidiyajIvasAhaNaM govindanijjuttI kayA" inake alAvA aura kisI niyuktikAra kA nirdeza nahIM milatA hai. niyuktiyoM kI racanA mUlasUtroM ke aMzoM ke vyAkhyAna rUpa hotI hai. saMgrahaNiyAM--saMgrahaNiyoM kI racanA paMcakalpa mahAbhASya ke ullekhAnusAra sthavira Arya kAlaka kI hai. pAkSikasUtra meM bhI "sasutte saatthe sagaMthe sanijjuttie sasaMgahaNie" isa sUtrAMza meM saMgrahaNI kA ullekha hai. isase bhI pratIta hotA hai ki saMgrahaNiyoM kI racanA kAphI prAcIna hai. Aja spaSTarUpa se patA nahIM calatA hai ki--sthavira Arya kAlaka ne kauna se AgamoM kI saMgrahaNiyoM kI racanA kI thI? aura unakA parimANa kyA thA ? to bhI anumAna hotA hai ki bhagavatIsUtra, jIvAbhigamopAMga, prajJApanAsUtra, zramaNapratikramaNasUtra Adi meM jo saMgraNiyA~ pAI jAtI haiM ve hI ye hoM. isase adhika kahanA kaThina hai. bhASya-mahAbhASya---jaina sUtroM ke bhASya-mahAbhASyakAra ke rUpa meM do kSamAzramaNoM ke nAma pAye jAte haiM-1 saMghadAsa gaNi kSamAzramaNa aura jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa. jaina AgamoM ke mahAkAya bhASya-mahAbhASya nimnokta ATha prApya haiM--1 vizeSAvazyaka mahAbhASya 2 kalpalaghubhASya 3 kalpavRhadbhASya 4 paMcakalpa 4 vyavahAra bhASya 6 nizIthabhASya 7 jItakalpabhASya ARVA MAHARASHTRANSALLAHATARNIMULATHALINICALIMALAY amy FASTTIN INDIA ITAL . pan Jain EducaSa Jorg DE
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________________ wwwwwwwwwww. 736 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya o niyukti mahAbhASya. kalpalaghubhASya evaM paMcakalpa mahAbhASya ke praNetA saMghadAsagaNi kSamAzramaNa haiM va vizeSAvazyaka mahAbhASya ke praNetA jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa haiM. dUsare bhASya - mahAbhASyoM ke kartA kauna haiM, isakA patA abhI taka nahIM lagA hai. saMvadAsagaNi jinabhadragaNi se pUrvavartI haiM. zrIjinabhadragaNi mahAbhASyakAra ke nAma se labdhapratiSTha haiM. jina AgamoM para niyuktiyoM kI racanA hai unake bhASya, mUla sUtra va niyukti ko lakSya meM rakhakara race gaye haiM. jinakI niryuktiyA~ nahIM haiM unake bhASya sUtra ko hI lakSita karake race gaye haiM. udAharaNa rUpa meM jItakalpasUtra aura usakA bhASya samajhanA cAhie. mahAbhASya ke do prakAra haiM- pahalA prakAra vizeSAvazyaka mahAbhASya, oghaniyukti mahAbhASya Adi haiM, jinake laghubhASya nahIM haiM. ve sIdhe niyukti ke Upara hI svataMtra mahAbhASya haiM. dUsarA prakAra laghubhASya ko lakSita karake race hue mahAbhASya haiM. isakA udAharaNa kalpavRhadbhASya ko samajhanA cAhie. yaha mahAbhASya apUrNa hI milatA hai. nizItha aura vyavahAra ke bhI mahAbhASya the, aisA praghoSa calA AtA hai, kintu Aja ve prApta nahIM haiM. nizItha mahAbhASya ke astitva kA ullekha panikAkAra prAcIna graMthasUcIkAra ne apanI sUnI meM bhI kiyA hai. Upara jina mahAkAya bhASya - mahAbhASya kA paricaya diyA gayA hai unake alAvA Avazyaka, oghaniryukti, piMDa niyukti, dazavekAlika sUtra Adi ke Upara bhI laghubhASya prApta hote haiM, kintu inakA mizraNa niyuktiyoM ke sAtha aisA ho gayA hai ki kaI jagaha niyukti bhASyagAthA kauna-sI evaM kitanI haiM ? isakA nirNaya karanA kaThina ho jAtA hai. inameM se bhI jaba maiMne AvazyakasUtra kI cUrNi aura hAribhadrI vRtti ko dekhA taba to maiM asamaMjasa meM par3a gayA. cUrNikAra kahIM bhI 'bhASyagAthA' nAma kA ullekha nahIM karate haiM, jabaki AcArya haribhadra sthAna-sthAna para 'bhASya aura mUlabhASya' ke nAma se avataraNa dete haiM. AcArya zrI haribhadra jina gAthAoM ko mUlabhASya kI gAthAe~ pharamAte haiM unameM se bahuta-sI gAthAoM kA ullekha unapara cUrNi cUrNikAra ne kI hI nahIM hai. yadyapi unameM se kaI gAthAoM kI cUrNi pAI jAtI hai. phira bhI cUrNikAra ne kahIM bhI una gAthAoM kA 'mUla bhASya' ke rUpa meM ullekha nahIM kiyA hai. pratIta hotA hai ki AcArya zrI haribhadra ne kAlakaniti kI taraha isa vRti meM kAphI gAthAoM kA saMgraha kara liyA hai. 10 Jain Edupa conten --- cUrNi - vizeSa cUrNi - AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga, bhagavatI sUtra, jIvAbhigama, jaMbUdvIpaprajJapti, prajJApanAsUtra, dazA, kalpa, vyavahAra, nizItha, paMcakalpa, jItakalpa, Avazyaka, dazavaikAlika, uttarAdhyayana, piMDaniyukti, nandIsUtra, anuyogadvAra aMgula - padacUrNa, zrAvakapratikramaNa IryApathikI Adi sUtra ina AgamoM kI cUrNiyA~ abhI prApta haiM. nizIthasUtra kI Aja vizeSa pUrNa hI prApta hai. kapa kI pUrNi-vizeSacUrNi donoM hI prApta hai. dazakAlikasUtra kI do nayA~ prApta haiM. eka sthavira agastya siMha kI aura dUsarI ajJAtakartRka hai. AcArya zrI haribhadra ne isa cUrNa kA 'vRddhavivaraNa' nAma diyA hai. anuyogadvAra sUtra meM jo aMgulapada hai usa para AcArya zrI jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne cUrNi racI hai. cUrNikAra zrI jinadAsa gaNi mahattara aura grAcArya zrI haribhadra ne apanI anuyogadvArasUtra kI mi-vRti meM zrI jinabhaDa ke nAma se isI ko akSarazaH le liyA hai. IryApathikI sUtrAdi kI cUrNi ke praNetA yazodevasUri haiM, isakA racanAkAla saM0 1974 se 1180 kA hai. zrAvaka pratikramaNa cUNi zrI vijayasiMha sUri kI racanA hai, jo vi0 saM 1982 kI hai. jyotiSkaraMDaka prakIrNaka para zivanaMdI vAcaka viracita 'prAkRta vRtti' pAI jAtI hai, jo cUriMga meM zAmila ho sakatI hai. Ama taura se dekhA jAya to pichale jamAne meM prAkRtavRttiyoM ko 'cUriMga' nAma diyA gayA hai. phira bhI aise prakaraNa apane sAmane maujUda haiM, jinase patA calatA hai ki prAcIna kAla meM prAkRta vyAkhyAoM ko 'vRtti' nAma bhI diyA jAtA thA. dazakAlika ke donoM cUrNikAroM ne apanI cUciyoM meM prAcIna dazakAlikavyAkhyA kA 'ti' ke nAma se jagaha jagaha ullekha kiyA hai. Upara jina cUrNiyoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai, unameM se prAyaH bahuta-sI cUrNiyA~ mahAkAya haiN| ina saba cUrNiyoM ke praNetAoM ke nAma prApta nahIM hote haiM, phira bhI sthavira agastyasiMha zivanaMdi vAcaka, jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa, jinadAsa mahattara, gopAla mahattaraviSya ina pUrNikAra AcAyoM ke nAma milate haiM. - ** *** *** I www.rainelibrary.org
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________________ muni zrI puNyavijaya : jaina Agamadhara aura prAkRta vAGmaya : 737 cUrNi niryuktioM kI racanA pichale jamAne meM baMda ho gaI, kintu saMgrahaNI, bhASya- mahAbhASya, vRNi kI racanA kA pracAra bAda meM bhI cAlU rahA hai. saMskRtavRttiyoM kI racanA ke bAda yadyapi AgamoM para aisA koI prayatna nahIM huA hai to bhI AgamoM ke viSayoM ko lekara tathA choTe-moTe prakaraNoM para bhASya - mahAbhASya cUrNi likhane kA prayatna cAlU hI rahA hai, yaha Age prakaraNoM ke prasaMga meM mAlUma hogA. yahA~ para jaina Agama aura prAkRta vyAkhyAgranthoM kA paricaya diyA gayA hai ye bahuta prAcIna evaM prAkRta bhASA ke sarvotkRSTa adhikAriyoM ke race hue haiM. prAkRtAdi bhASAoM kI dRSTi se ye bahuta hI mahattva ke hai prakaraNa prakaraNa kisI khAsa viSaya ko dhyAna meM rakhakara race gaye haiM. merI dRSTi se prakaraNoM ko tIna vibhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai- tArkika, Agamika aura aupadezika. , tArkika prakaraNa-AcArya zrIsiddhasena kA sanmatitarka, AcArya zrIharibhadra kA dharmasaMgrahaNI prakaraNa, upAdhyAya zrI yazovijayakRta zrIjyale tasyaviveka, dharmaparIkSA Adi kA isa koTi ke prakaraNoM meM samAveza hotA hai. yadyapi aise tArkika prakaraNa bahuta kama haiM, phira bhI ina prakaraNoM kA prAkRta bhASA ke atirikta tattvajJAna kI dRSTi se bhI bahuta mahatva hai. - J zrAgamika prakaraNa - Agamika prakaraNoM kA artha jaina AgamoM meM jo dravyAnuyoga va gaNitAnuyoga ke sAtha saMbandha rakhane vAle vividha viSaya haiM unameM se kisI eka ko pasaMda karake usakA vistRtarUpa meM nirUpaNa karanevAle yA saMgraha karanevAle graMtha prakaraNa haiM. aise prakaraNoM ke racanevAle zivazarma, jinabhadra kSamAzramaNa, haribhadrasUri, candrarSi mahattara, gargaSi, municaMdrapUra, siddhasenari, jinavallabha gaNi abhayadevasUri zrIcandrasUri patrezvarasUri devendrasUri somatilakasUri, ratnazekharasUri, vijayavimalagaNi Adi aneka AcArya hue haiM. inameM se AcArya zivazarma, candraSi mahattara, gargarSi, jinavallabhagaNi, devendrasUri Adi karmavAdaviSayaka karmaprakRti, paMcasaMgraha prAcIna karmapaMtha aura navyakarmagraMtha zAstroM ke praNetA hai. inameM bhI zivazamaM praNIta karmaprakRti aura candraSi praNIta paMcasaMgraha, va inakI cUrNi vRttiyA~ mahAkAya graMtha haiM. ye do zAstra AgamakoTi ke mahAmAnya graMtha mAne jAte haiM. inake alAvA AcArya jinabhadra ke saMgrahaNI kSetrasamAsa-vizeSaNavatI, haribhadrasUri ke paMcAzaka - vizativiMzikA paMcavastuka-upadezapada-zrAvakadharmavidhitaMtra-yogazataka-saMbodhaprakaraNa Adi, municandrasUri ke aMgulasaptati, vanaspatisaptati Avazyakasaptati tathA saMkhyA baMdha kulaka Adi siddhasenasUri kA 1606mAthA parimita pravacanasAroddhAraprakaraNa, abhayadeva yUri ke paMca nidhI saMgrahaNI, prajJApanA tRtIya padasaMgrahaNI, saptatikAbhASya SasthAnaka bhASya, navatattva bhASya, ArAdhanAprakaraNa. zrIcandrasUri kA saMgrahaNIprakaraNa, cakrezvarasUri ke 1123 gAthA parimita zatakamahAbhASya, siddhAMtasAroddhAra, padArthasthApanA, sUkSmArthasaptati caraNakaraNasaptati, sabhApaMcaka svarUpa prakaraNa Adi, devendrasUri ke devavaMdanAdi bhASyatraya, navyakarma graMthapaMcaka, siddhadehikA, siddhapaMcAzikA Adi, somatilakasUri kA navya bRhatkSetrasamAsaprakaraNa, ratnazekharasUri ke kSetrasamAsa, guruguNa SaTtriMzikA Adi prakaraNa haiM / yahIM mukhya mukhya prakaraNakAra AcAryoM ke nAma aura unake prakaraNoM kA saMkSepa meM digdarzana karAyA gayA hai / anyathA prakaraNakAra AcArya aura inake race hue prakaraNoM kI saMkhyA bahuta bar3I hai. inameM kitaneka prakaraNoM para bhASya, mahAbhASya aura cUrNiyA~ bhI racI gaI haiM. zrapadezika prakaraNa- aupadezika prakaraNa ve haiM, jinameM mAnavajIvana kI zuddhi ke lie anekavidha mArga dikhalAye gaye haiM. aise prakaraNa bhI aneka race gaye haiM. AcArya dharmadAsa kI upadezamAlA, pradyumnAcArya kA mUlazuddhiprakaraNa, zrI zAntisUri kA dharma ratnaprakaraNa, devendrasUrikA zrAddhavidhiprakaraNa, maladhArI hemacandrasUri kA bhavabhAvanA aura puSpamAlA prakaraNa, candraprabhamahattara kA darzanazuddhiprakaraNa, varddhamAnamUri kA dharmopadezamAlAprakaraNa, yazodevasUri kA navapadaprakaraNa Asa ke upadezakaMdI, vivekamaMjarI prakaraNa, dharmaSoSasUri kA RSimaMDala prakaraNa Adi bahuta se aupadezika choTe-choTe prakaraNa haiM, jinapara mahAkAya TIkAyeM bhI racI gaI haiM, jinameM prAkRta saMskRta apabhraMza bhASA meM aneka kathAoM kA saMgraha kiyA gayA hai. eka rIti se mAnA jAya to ye TIkAeM kathA-kozarUpa hI haiM. *** 1 *** Private * **** nal Use On * wwwwwwww wwww w ** www.lanelibrary.org
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________________ Jain E wwwwwwwwwVVVVV 738 : muni zrI hajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya dharmakathA sAhitya jainAcAryoM ne prAkRta kathAsAhitya ke viSaya meM bhI apanI lekhanI kA upayoga kAphI kiyA hai. jainAcAryoM ne kAvyamaya kathAeM likhane kA prayatna vikrama saMvat prArambha ke pUrva hI zurU kiyA hai. AcArya pAdalipta kI taraMgavatI, malayavatI, magadhasenA saMghadAsagaNa vAcaka viracita vasudevahiMDI, dhUrtAkhyAna Adi kathAoM kA ullekha vikrama kI pAMcavIM chaTThI sadI meM race gae bhASyoM meM AtA hai. dhUrtAkhyAna to nizIthacUrNikAra ne apanI cUrNi meM [gA0 266 patra 102 105] bhASya gAthAoM ke anusAra saMkSepa meM diyA bhI hai aura AkhyAna ke anta meM unhoMne "sesaM dhuttakkhANagAragusAreNa Neyamiti" aisA ullekha bhI kiyA hai. isase patA calatA hai ki prAcInakAla meM 'dhUtakhyAna' nAmaka vyaMsaka kathAgrantha thA, jisakA AdhAra lekara AcArya zrIharibhadra ne prAkRta dhurtAkhyAna kI racanA kI hai. prAcIna bhASya Adi meM jina kathA-granthoM kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai unameM se Aja sirpha eka zrIsaMghadAsagaNa kA vasudevahiMDI grantha hI prApta hai, jo bhI khaNDita hai. dAkSiNyAGka AcArya zrIudyotanasUri ne apanI kuvalayamAlA kathA kI [ra0 saM0 zAke 700 ] prastAvanA meM pAdalipta zAlavAhana, SaTparNaka, guNADhya vimalAGka, devagupta, raviSeNa, bhavaviraha haribhadra Adi ke nAmoM ke sAtha unakI jina racanAoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai unameM se kucha racanAeM prApta haiM, kintu pAdalipta kI taraMgavatI, SaTparNaka ke subhASita Adi racanAeM, guNADhya kI pizAca bhASAmayI bRhatkathA, vimalAGka kA harivaMza, devagupta kA tripuruSacaritra Adi kRtiyA~ Aja prApta nahIM haiM. saMghadAsa ko vasudevahiMDI, dharmasena mahattara kA zaurasenI bhASAmaya vasudeva hiMDI dvitIya khaNDa, vimalAGka kA paumacariya, haribhadrasUri kI samarAiccakahA, zIlAGka vimalamati kA cauppanna mahApurisacariya, bhadrezvara kI kahAvalI Adi prAcIna kathAeM Aja prApta haiM. ye saba racanAeM vikrama kI prathama sahasrAbdI meM huI haiM. inake bAda meM arthAt vikrama kI bArahavIM zatAbdI meM cauvIsa tIrthaMkaroM ke caritra Adi aneka caritoM kI racanA huI hai, jo anumAnata: do-tIna zatAbdiyoM meM huI hai. vardhamAnasUri-- AdinAthacaritra aura maNoramA kahA, somaprabhAcArya - sumatinAtha carita aura kumArapAlapratibodha, guNacaMdrasUri aparanAma devabhadrasUri pArzvanAthacarita, mahAvIracariya aura kahArayaNakosa, lakSmaNagaNi-supAsanAhacariya, bRhadgacchIya haribhadrasUri - candraprabhacaritra aura neminAhacariu apabhraMza, devasUri - padmaprabhacarita, ajitadevasUri zreyAMsacarita, devacandrasUri - zAntinAthacaritra aura mUlazuddhiprakaraNaTIkA, nemicandrasUri - anantanAthacaritra aura mahAvIracaritra, zrIcandrasUri-munisuvratasvAmicarita aura kuMthunAthacaritra, padmaprabhasUri-munisuvratacaritra, maladhArI hemacandrasUri--ariSTanemicaritra ( bhavabhAvanAvRttyantargata), ratnaprabhasUri-ariSTanemicarita, yazodevasUri-candraprabhacarita, candraprabhopAdhyAya vAsupUjya caritra, candraprabhasUri vijayacandra ke valicaritra, zAntisUri-pRthvIcandracaritra, vijayasiMhasUribhuvanasundarI kahA, dhanezvara- surasundarIkahA Adi prAkRta kathA caritagrantha prAyaH mahAkAya grantha haiM aura vikrama kI gyArahavIMbArahavIM zatAbdI meM hI race gaye haiM. inake atirikta dUsarI bhI daza zrAvaka carita, varddhamAnadezanA, zAlibhadrAdi carita, RSidattAcarita, jinadattAkhyAna, kalAvaIcariya, davadaMtIkahA, susaDhakahA, maNIvaIcariya, saNakumAracariya, taraMgavatI saMkSepa, sIyAcariya, sirivAlakahA, kummAputtacariya, mauna ekAdazIkahA, jambUsAmIcariya, kAlikAcAryakathA, siddhasenAcAryAdi prabaMdha Adi aneka choTI-moTI prAkRta racanAeM prApta hotI haiM. ye svatantra sAdhucarita strI-puruSa ke kathAcarita hone para bhI inameM prasaMga-prasaMga para avAntara kathAeM kAphI pramANa meM AtI haiM. ina mahAkAya kathA-caritoM kI taraha saMkSipta kathAcarita ke saMgraharUpa mahAkAya kathAkozoM kI racanA bhI bahuta huI hai. ve racanAeM bhadrezvarasUri kI kahAvalI, jinezvarasUri kA kathAkoza, nemicandra - AmradevasUri kA AkhyAnakamaNikoza, dharmaghoSa kA RSimaNDalaprakaraNa, bharatezvara bAhubali svAdhyAya Adi haiM. apabhraMza meM zvetAmbara jaina saMpradAya meM mahAkavi dhanapAla kA satyapuramahAvIrastotra, dhAhila kA paumasiricariu, jinaprabhasUri kA vairasAmicariu Adi choTI-choTI racanAeM bahuta pAI jAtI haiM, kintu bar3I racanAeM zrI siddhasenasUri aparanAma sAdhAraNa kavikRta vilAsavaI kahA [03620 racanA saM0 1123] aura haribhadrasUri kA neminAhacariu [graMthAgra 8032 racanA saM0 1216] ye do hI dekhane meM AtI haiM. AcArya zrI hemacandra ne siddhahemacandra vyAkaraNa - aSTa alsal STEINERSEINE CIRP ISESEIS INEINZINZINZINZINZISPISE ry.org
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________________ muni zrIpuNyavijaya : jaina zrAgamadhara aura prAkRta vAGmaya : 736 mAdhyama meM prAkRtAdi bhASAoM ke sAtha apabhraMza bhASAoM ko zAmila kiyA hai phira bhI zvetAmbara sampradAya meM apabhraMza bhASA kA prayoga vizeSa nahIM huA hai. sAmAnyatayA zvetAmbara AcAryoM ne apane granthoM meM subhASita aura prasaMgAgata kathAoM ke lie isa bhASA kA upayoga kiyA hai. mUlazuddhiprakaraNavRtti, bhavabhAvanAprakaraNavRtti, AkhyAnakamaNikozavRtti, upadezamAlA doghaTTivRtti, kumArapAlapratibodha Adi meM apabhraza kathAeM AtI haiM, jo do sau-cAra sau zloka se adhika parimANa vAlI nahIM hotI hai. digambara jaina sampradAya meM isase viparIta bAta hai. digambara AcAryoM ne dharmakathAoM ke lie prAkRta-mAgadha ke sthAna meM apabhraza bhASA kA hI vizeSarUpa se upayoga kiyA hai. digambarasampradAya meM zAstrIya granthoM ke lie prAcIna AcAryoM ne zaurasenIbhASA kA bahuta upayoga kiyA hai. unhoMne atimahAkAya mAne jAe~ aise dhavala, jayadhavala, mahAdhavala zAstroM kI racanA kI hai. samayasAra, paMcAstikAya Adi saikar3oM zAstra bhI zaurasenI meM likhe gaye haiM. jainastuti stotrAdi jainAcAryoM ne stuti-stotrAdi sAhitya kAphI likhA hai. phira bhI pramANa kI dRSTi se dekhA jAya to prAkRta bhASA meM vaha bahuta hI kama hai. AcArya pAdalipta, AcArya abhayadeva, devabhadrasUri, jinezvarasUri, jinavallabha Adi kA samagra stutistotrAdi sAhitya ekatra kiyA jAya to merA anumAna hai ki vaha do-cAra hajAra zlokoM se adhika nahIM hogA. ina stotroM . meM yamaka, samasaMskRta prAkRta, SaDbhASAmaya stotroM kA samAveza kara lenA cAhie. vyAkaraNa va koza prAkRtAdi bhASAoM ke vyAkaraNoM evaM dezI Adi kozoM kA vistRta paricaya prAkRta bhASA ke pAraMgata DaoN. pizala ne apane 'kampereTiva grAmara oNpha dI prAkRta leMgvejeja' grantha meM paryApta mAtrA meM diyA hai ata: maiM vizeSa kucha nahIM kahatA hUM. isa yuga meM mahattvapUrNa cAra prAkRta zabdakoza jaina vidvAnoM ne taiyAra kiye haiM. 1. tristutika AcArya zrI rAjendrasUri kA abhidhAnarAjendra 2. paMDita haragoviMdadAsa kA pAiyasaddamahaNNavo 3. sthAnakavAsI munizrI ratnacandrajI kA pAMca bhAgoM meM prakAzita ardhamAgadhI koza 4. zrI sAgarAnandasUri kA alpaparicita saiddhAntika zabdakoza kAvya aura subhASita prAkRta bhASA meM racita pravarasena ke setubaMdha mahAkAvya, vAkpatirAja ke gauDavaho, hemacandra ke prAkRta vRddhAzraya mahAkAvya Adi se Apa paricita haiM hI. setubaMdha mahAkAvya kA ullekha nizItha sUtra kI cUNi meM bhI pAyA jAtA hai. mahAkavi dhanapAla ne (vi0 11vIM zatI) apanI tilakamaMjarI AkhyAyikA meM setubaMdha mahAkAvya va vAkpatirAja ke gauDavaho kI stuti jitaM pravarasenena rAmeNeva mahAtmanA, taratyupari yat kIrtiseturvAGmayavAridheH / dRSTvA vAkpatirAjasya zakti gauDavadhoddharAm, buddhi: sAdhvasaruddhava vAcaM na pratipadyate // 31 // ina zabdoM meM kI hai. isI kavi ne apanI isa AkhyAyikA meM prAkRteSu prabandheSu rasaniHSyandibhiH padaiH / rAjante jIvadevasya vAca: pallavitA iva // 24 // isa prakAra AcArya jIvadeva kI prAkRta kRti kA ullekha kiyA hai jo Aja upalabdha nahIM hai. AcArya dAkSiNyAMka zrIudyotanakI kuvalayamAlAkahA prAkRta mahAkAvya kI sarvotkRSTa rasapUrNa racanA hai. METTE m 2).BE. ONS Q. DAS4 JANA dan E BENESENENINGSURENESLOUISERENISININESE NENES
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________________ 740 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya hAla kavi kI gAthAsaptazatI, vajjAlagga Adi ko sabhI jAnate haiM. isI prakAra lakSmaNa kavi kA gAthAkoza bhI upalabdha hai. samayasundara kA gAthAkoza bhI mudrita ho cukA hai. bRhaTTippanikAkAra ne "sudhAkalazAkhyaH subhASitakozaH paM0 rAmacandra kRtaH" isa prakAra zrIhemacandra ke ziSya rAmacandra ke subhASitakoza kA nAmollekha kiyA hai jo Aja alabhya hai. Upara jina kathA-caritAdi graMthoM ke nAma diye haiM una sabameM subhASitoM kI bharamAra hai. yadi ina sabakA vibhAgazaH saMgraha aura saMkalana kiyA jAya to prAkRta bhASA kA alaMkAra svarUpa eka bar3A bhArI subhASita bhaNDAra taiyAra ho sakatA hai. alaMkArazAstra jaisalamera ke zrI jinabhadrIya tADapatra jJAna bhaDAra meM prAkRta bhASA meM racita alaMkAradarpaNa nAmaka eka alaMkAra graMtha hai jisake prAraMbha meM graMthakAra ne :-- saMdarapayaviNNAsaM vimalAlaMkArarehiasarIraM / suideviyaM ca kavvaM ca paNavizaM pavaravaNNaDu // 3 // isa AryA meM 'zrutadevatA' ko praNAma kiyA hai. isase pratIta hotA hai ki yaha kisI jainAcArya kI kRti hai. isakA pramANa 134 AryA haiM tathA yaha hastaprati vikrama kI terahavIM zatAbdI pUrvArdha meM likhI pratIta hotI hai. nATaka va nATya zAstra rAjA Adi ucca varga ke vyaktiyoM ko chor3a kara nATakoM meM zeSa sabhI pAtra prAkRta bhASA kA hI prayoga karate haiM. yadi hisAba lagAyA jAya to patA lagegA ki- saba milAkara nATakoM meM saMskRta kI apekSA prAkRta adhika nahIM to kama bhI prayukta nahIM huI hai. ataeva prAkRta bhASA ke sAhitya kI carcA meM nATakoM ko bhulAyA nahIM jA sakatA. svataMtrarUpa se likhe gaye nATakoM se to Apa paricita haiM hI, kiMtu kathAgraMthoM ke antargata jo nATaka Aye haiM unhIM kI vizeSa carcA yahA~ abhISTa hai. prasaMgavazAt yaha bhI kaha dUM ki-AvazyakaNi meM prAcIna jaina nATakoM ke hone kA ullekha hai. zIlAMka ke cauppannamahApurisacariyaM meM (vi0 10 vIM zatI) vibudhAnaMda nAmaka ekAMkI nATaka hai. devendrasUri ne candraprabhacarita meM vajrAyudha nATaka likhA hai. AcArya bhadrezvara ne kahAvalI meM va devendrasUri ne kahArayaNakosa meM nATakAbhAsa nATaka diye haiM. ye saba kathAcaritAntargata nATaka haiM. svataMtra nATakoM kI racanA bhI jainAcAryoM ne kAphI mAtrA meM kI hai. AcArya devacaMdra ke caMdralekhAvijayaprakaraNa, vilAsavatI nATikA aura mAnamudrAbhaMjana ye tIna nATaka haiM. mAnamudrAbhaMjana abhI aprApya hai. yazazcandra kA mudrita kumudacaMdra aura rAjImatI nATikA, yazaHpAlakA moharAjaparAjaya, jayasiMha mUri kA, hammIramadamardana, rAmabhadra kA prabuddharauhiNeya, meghaprabha kA dharmAbhyudaya va bAlacaMdra kA karuNAvajrAyudha nATaka prApta haiM. rAmacaMdrasUri ke kaumudImitrANaMda nalavilAsa, nirbhayabhImavyAyoga, mallikAmakaraMda, raghuvilAsa va satya harizcandra nATaka upalabdha haiM; rAdhavAbhyudaya, yAdavAbhyudaya, yaduvilAsa Adi anupalabdha haiM. inhoMne nATakoM ke alAvA nATyaviSayaka svopajJaTIkAyukta nATyadarpaNa kI bhI racanA kI hai. isake praNetA rAmacaMdra va guNacaMdra do haiM. ina donoM ne milakara svopajJaTIkAyukta dravyAlaMkAra kI bhI racanA kI hai. nATyadarpaNa ke atirikta rAmacaMdra kA nATyazAstraviSayaka 'prabaMdhazata' nAmaka anya graMtha bhI thA jo anupalabdha hai. yadyapi bahuta se vidvAn 'prabaMdhazata' kA artha 'cikorSita sau graMtha' aisA karate haiM kintu prAcIna graMthasUcI meM "rAmacaMdrakRtaM prabandhazataM dvAdazarUpakanATakAdisvarUpajJApakam" aisA ullekha milatA hai. isase jJAta hotA hai ki 'prabaMdhazata' nAmakI inakI koI nATyaviSayaka racanA thI. inake atirikta jyotiSa, ratnaparIkSA zAstra, aMgalakSaNa, Ayurveda Adi viSayaka prAkRta graMtha milate haiM. Ayurveda viSayaka eka prAkRta graMtha mere saMgraha meM hai jisakA nAma 'yoganidhAna' hai. paM0 amRtalAla ke saMgraha meM prAkRtabhASA meM racita kAmazAstra kA 'mayaNamauDa' nAmaka graMtha bhI hai. Jain Education in
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________________ muni zrIpuNyavijaya : jaina Agamadhara aura prAkRta vAGmaya : 741 yahA~ para maiMne Agama aura unakI vyAkhyA se prAraMbha kara vividha viSayoM ke mahattvapUrNa prAkRta vAGmaya kA atisaMkSipta paricaya dene kA prayatna kiyA hai. isase Apako patA lagegA ki-prAkRta bhASA meM kitanA vistRta evaM vipula sAhitya hai aura vidvAnoM ne isa bhASA ko samRddha karane ke lie kyA kyA nahIM likhA ? apane-apane viSaya kI dRSTi se to isa samagra sAhitya kA mUlya hai hI, kintu isa vAGmaya meM jo sAMskRtika evaM aitihAsika vipula sAmagrI bharI par3I hai, usakA patA saTIka bRhatkalpasUtra, nizIthacUNi, aMgavijjA, ca upanta mahApurisacariyaM Adi ke pariziSToM ko dekhane se laga sakatA hai. prAkRta bhASA aura usake sarvAMgINa koza kI sAmagrI isa vAGmaya meM se hI paryAptamAtrA meM prApta ho sakatI hai. pUrvokta prAkRta kozoM meM nahIM Aye hue hajAroM zabda isa bAGmaya se prApta ho sakate haiM. isI taraha AcArya hemacaMdra kI 'desI nAmamAlA' meM asaMgrahIta saikar3oM dezI zabda isa vAGmaya meM dikhAI dete haiM. isake lie vidvAnoM ko isI varSa prakAzita DaoN0 e0 ena0 upAdhye dvArA saMpAdita prAkRta kuvalayamAlA evaM paM0 amRtalAla bhojaka dvArA saMpAdita 'caupannamahApurisacariya' kI prastAvanA evaM zabdakozoM kA pariziSTa dekhanA cAhie. merA mata hai ki-bhaviSya meM prAkRta bhASA ke sarvAMgINa koza ke nirmAtAoM ko yaha samagra vAGmaya dekhanA hogA. yahI nahIM apitu saMskRta bhASA ke koza ke nirmAtAoM ko bhI yaha vAGmaya dekhanA va zabdoM kA saMgraha karanA ati Avazyaka hai. isakA kAraNa yaha hai kiprAkRta va saMskRta bhASA ko apanAne vAle vidvAnoM kA cirakAla se ati naikaTya rahA hai. itanA hI nahIM apitu jo prAkRta vAGmaya ke nirmAtA rahe haiM ve hI saMskRta vAGmaya ke nirmAtA bhI rahe haiM. ataH donoM kozakAroM ko eka-dUsarA sAhitya dekhanA Avazyaka hai. anyathA donoM koza apUrNa hI hoMge. isa AgamAdi sAhitya se vidvAnoM ko Antarika va bAhya athavA vyAvahArika va pAramArthika jIvana ke sAtha saMbaMdha rakhane vAle aneka viSayoM kA jJAna prApta ho sakatA hai. yadyapi bhAratIya Arya RSi, muni evaM vidvAnoM kA mukhya AkarSaNa hamezA dhArmika sAhitya kI ora hI rahA hai tathApi inakI kuzalatA yahI hai ki-inhoMne lokamAnasa ko kabhI bhI nahIM ThukarAyA. isIlie inhoMne pratyeka viSaya ko lekara sAhitya kA nirmANa kiyA hai. sAhitya kA koI aMga inhoMne chor3A nahIM hai. itanA hI nahIM apitu apanI dharmakathAoM meM bhI samaya-samaya para sAhitya ke vividha aMgoM ko yAda kiyA hai. yahI kAraNa hai ki-apanI prAcIna dharmakathAoM meM dhArmika sAmagrI ke atirikta lokavyavahAra ko sparza karane vAle aneka viSaya prApta hote haiM. udAharaNa ke taura para kathA-sAhitya meM rAjanIti, ratnaparIkSA, aMgalakSaNa, svapnazAstra, mRtyu jJAna Adi aneka viSaya pAte haiM. putra-putriyoM ko paThana, vivAha, adhikArapradAna, paradezagamana Adi aneka prasaMgoM para zikSA, rAjakumAroM ko yuddhagamana, rAjyapadArohaNa Adi prasaMgoM para hitazikSA, putra-putriyoM ke janmotsava, jhulAne, vivAha Adi karane kA varNana, RtuvarNana, vanavihAra, anaMgalekha, dharmazAstra, nItizAstra, alaMkArazAstra, sAhityacarcA Adi vividha prasaMga; sAhUkAroM kA vANijya-vyApAra, unakI paddhati, unake niyama, bhUmi va samudra meM vANijya ke lie jAnA, bhUmi va samudra ke vAhana, va jahAja ke prakAra, tadviSayaka vividha sAmagrI, jIvana ke sadguNa-durgaNa, nIti-anIti, sadAcAradurAcAra Adi kA varNana-ityAdi saikar3oM viSayoM kA isa sAhitya meM varNana hai. ye sabhI sAMskRtika sAdhana haiM. vasudeva hiMDI prathama khaMDa (patra 145) meM cArudatta ke carita meM cArudatta kI sthala saMbaMdhI va sAmudrika vyApArika yAtrA kA atirasika varNana hai jisameM deza-videzoM kA paribhramaNa; sUtrakRtAMga kI mArgAdhyayana-niyukti meM (gA0 102) vaNita zaMkupatha, ajapatha, latAmArga Adi kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai. isameM yAtrA ke sAdhanoM kA bhI nirdeza hai. paralokasiddhi, prakRti-vicAra, vanaspati meM jIvatva kI siddhi, mAMsabhakSaNa ke doSa Adi aneka dArzanika dhArmika viSaya bhI pAye jAte haiM. isI vasudevahiMDI ke sAtha jur3I huI dhammillAhiMDI meM "atthasatthe ya bhaNiyaM--'viseseNa mAyAe sattheNa ya hatabbo appaNo vivaDDamANo sattu' tti" (pR0 45) aisA ullekha AtA hai jo bahuta mahattva kA hai. isase sUcita hotA hai ki prAcIna yuga meM apane yahA~ prAkRta bhASA meM racita arthazAstra thA. zrIdroNAcArya ne odhaniyukti meM "cANakkae vi bhaNiyaM'jai kAiyaM na vosirai to adoso' ti" (patra 152-2) aisA ullekha kiyA hai. yaha bhI prAkRta arthazAstra hone kI sAkSI detA hai, jo Aja prApta nahIM hai. isI graMtha meM pAkazAstra kA ullekha bhI hai jisakA nAma porAgamasatya diyA hai. JPG y - alTrivaldakersoMa/SUn INMNNITY
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________________ 742 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya Aja ke yuga meM prasiddha prinsa oNpha velsa, kvina merI, TyuTAniyA Adi jahAjoM ke samAna yuddha,vinoda, bhoga Adi saba prakAra kI sAmagrI se saMpanna rAjabhogya evaM dhanADhyoM ke yogya samRddha jahAjoM kA varNana prAkRta zrIpAlacarita Adi meM milatA hai. ratnaprabhasUriviracita neminAthacarita meM alaMkArazAstra kI vistRta carcA AtI hai. prahelikAeM, praznottara, citrakAvya Adi kA varNana to aneka kathAgraMthoM meM pAyA jAtA hai. zrAvakapratikramaNasUtra kI arthadIpikA vRtti meM (pR0 127) maMtrIputrIkathAnaka meM kisI vAdI ne maMtrIputrI ko 56 praznoM kA uttara prAkRta bhASA meM cAra akSaroM meM dene kA vAdA kiyA hai. maMtrIputrI ne bhI 'paravAyA' ina cAra akSaroM meM uttara diyA hai. aisI klipAtikliSTa paheliyA~ bhI ina kathAgraMthoM meM pAI jAtI haiM. saMkSepa meM kahanA yahI hai ki-prAkRta ke isa vAGmaya meM vipula aitihAsika evaM sAMskRtika sAmagrI mila sakatI hai. yadi isakA pRthakkaraNa kiyA jAya to bahuta mahattva kI sAmagrI ekatra ho sakatI hai. prAkRtAdi bhASAeM jahA~ Aja taka pAzcAtya aura etaddezIya vidvAnoM ne prAkRta bhASA ke viSaya meM paryApta vicAra kiyA ho, vizeSataH prAkRtAdi bhASA ke prakANDa vidvAn DaoN0 pizala mahAzaya ne varSoM taka ina bhASAoM kA adhyayana karake aura cAroM dizAoM ke tattadviSayaka saikar3oM granthoM kA avalokana, adhyayana, parizIlana, cintana Adi karake prAkRta Adi bhASAoM kA mahAkAya vyAkaraNa taiyAra kiyA ho vahA~ isa viSaya meM kucha bhI kahanA eka dussAhasa hI hai. maiM koI prAkRtAdi bhASAoM kA pAraprApta vidvAn nahIM hU~, phira bhI prAkRta Adi bhASA evaM sAhitya ke abhyAsI vidyArthI kI haisiyata se mujhe jo tathya pratIta hue haiM unako maiM Apake sAmane rakhatA hU~. prAkRta Adi bhASAoM ke vidvAnoM ne 1 prAcIna vyAkaraNa 2 prAcIna granthoM meM Ane vAle prAkRta bhASA ke saMkSipta lakSaNa aura 3 prAcIna granthoM meM Ane vAle prAkRta bhASAoM ke prayogoM ko dhyAna meM rakha kara prAkRtAdi bhASAoM ke viSaya meM jo vicAra aura nirNaya kiyA hai vaha paryApta nahIM hai. isake kAraNa ye haiM1. vyAkaraNakAroM kA uddezya bhASA ko niyamabaddha karane kA hotA hai, ata: ve apane yuga ke pracalita sarvamAnya tattad bhASAprayogoM evaM tatsaMvAdI prAcIna mAnya granthoM ke prayogoM kI apanI dRSTi se tulanA karake vyAkaraNa kA nirmANa karate haiM. khAsa kara unakI dRSTi apane yuga kI ora hI rahatI hai. Aja ke vyAkaraNoM ko dekha kara hama isa natIje para pahu~ca sakate haiM. ata: ina vyAkaraNoM se prAcIna yuga kI bhASA kA pUrNa patA lagAnA asaMbhava hai. 2. prAcIna vyAkhyAgrantha Adi meM ardhamAgadhI Adi ke jo eka-do paMktiyoM meM lakSaNa pAye jAte haiM unase bhI prAkRta bhASAoM ke vAstavika svarUpa kA patA lagAnA paryApta nahIM hai. DaoN. pizala ne ardhamAgadhI aura mAgadhI ke viSaya meM jaina vyAkhyAkAroM ke aneka ullekhoM ko de kara pramANapurassara vistRta carcA kI hai. usameM maiM itanI pUrti karatA hU~ ki-svara-vyaJjanoM ke parivartana aura vibhaktiprayoga Adi ke atirikta tatkAlIna bhinna-bhinna prAntIya (jahA~ bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unake nirgranthoM ne vihAra, dharmopadeza Adi kiyA thA) zabdoM kA svIkAra yA mizraNa bhI ardhamAgadhI kA lakSaNa hone kI sambhAvanA hai. jaina nirgranthoM ko vihAra-pAdabhramaNa, bhikSA, dharmopadeza, tattatprAntIya ziSyapraziSyoM ke adhyayana-adhyApana Adi ke nimitta tattaddezIya janatA ke saMparka meM rahanA par3atA hai. ataH inakI bhASA meM sahaja hI bhinna-bhinna prAntIya bhASAoM ke svara-vyaJjanaparivartana, vibhakti-kAraka Adi ke prayogoM ke sAtha prAntIya zabdaprayoga bhI A jAte haiM. bhASA kA isa prakAra kA prabhAva prAcIna yuga kI taraha Aja ke jaina nimrarthoM kI bhASA meM bhI dekhA jAtA hai. jaina AgamoM ke niyukti-bhASya-cUNi Adi meM aneka sthAnoM para ekArthaka zabda diye jAte haiM aura vahA~ kahA bhI jAtA hai ki-"bhinna-bhinna dezoM meM rahane vAle ziSyoM ko matibhrama na ho isalie ekArthaka zabda diye haiM". isa ullekha se bhI yahI pratIta hotA hai ki-ardhamAgadhI kA svara-vyaJjanAdi parivartana Adi ke atirikta 'tattatprAntIya bhASAoM ke zabdoM kA saMgraha' yaha bhI eka pramukha lakSaNa hai. CHI TRAPAAAAAAIATIMIRMIRMIRP UNAMAMALIAURAHANIRALAALAAT For Private
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________________ muni zrI puNyayijaya : jaina zrAgamadhara aura prAkRta vAGmaya : 743 3. vAstava meM prAkRta bhASAoM ke prAcIna grantha hI ina bhASAoM ke pRthakkaraNa ke liye akATya sAdhana haiM aura sacamuca hI uparyukta do sAdhanoM kI apekSA yaha sAdhana hI atiupayukta sAdhana hai. isakA upayoga DaoN0 pizala Adi vidvAnoM ne asAvadhAnI se kiyA bhI hai, tathApi maiM mAnatA hU~ ki vaha aparyApta hai kyoMki DaoN0 pizala Adi ne jisa vizAla sAhitya kA upayoga kiyA hai vaha prAyaH arvAcIna pratiyoM ke AdhAra para taiyAra kiyA gayA sAhitya thA jisameM bhASA ke maulika svarUpa Adi kA kAphI parivartana ho gayA hai. isI sAhitya kI prAcIna pratiyoM ko dekhate haiM taba bhASA aura prayogoM kA mahAn vailakSaNya najara AtA hai. khuda DaoN0 pizala mahAzaya ne bhI isa viSaya kA ullekha kiyA hai. dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki - DaoN0 pizala Adi vidvAnoM ne aitihAsika tathya ke AdhAra para jinameM prAkRta bhASApravAhoM ke maulika aMza hone kI adhika saMbhAvanA hai aura jo prAkRta bhASAoM ke svarUpanirNaya ke liye anivArya sAdhana kI bhUmikArUpa haiM aise prAcInatama jaina AgamoM kA jo prAcIna prAkRtavyAkhyA sAhitya hai usakA upayoga bilakula kiyA hI nahIM hai. aisA ati prAcIna zvetAMbarIya prAkRta vyAkhyAsAhitya jaina AgamoM kI niyukti bhASya - mahAbhASya cUrNiyA~ haiM aura itara sAhitya meM kuvalayamAlAkahA, vasudevahiMDI, cauppanna mahApurisacariyaM Adi haiM. tathA digaMbarIya sAhitya meM / dhavala, jayadhavala, mahAdhavala, tiloyapaNNattI Adi mahAzAstra haiM. yadyapi digaMbara AcAryoM ke grantha aitihAsika tathya ke AdhAra para zvetAMbara jaina AgamAdi granthoM kI apekSA kucha arvAcIna bhI haiM tathApi prAkRta bhASAoM ke nirNaya meM sahAyaka jarUra haiM. mujhe to pratIta hotA hai ki prAkRta bhASAoM ke vidvAnoM ko prAkRta bhASAoM ko vyavasthita karane ke liye DaoN0 pizala ke prAkRtavyAkaraNa kI bhUmikA ke AdhAra para punaH prayatna karanA hogA. - yahA~ para jisa nirmukti-bhAgya-pUrNimApantha Adi zvetAMbara-disaMbara sAhitya kA nirdeza kiyA hai vaha ativistRta pramANa meM hai aura isake praNetA sthavira kevala dharmatattvoM ke hI jJAtA the aisA nahIM kintu ve prAkRta bhASAoM ke bhI utkRSTa jJAtA the. prAcIna prAkRta bhASAoM kI inake pAsa maulika virAsata bhI thI. jaina AgamoM kI maulika bhASA ardhamAgadhI kahI jAtI hai. usake svarUpa kA patA lagAnA Aja zakya nahIM hai. itanA hI nahIM kintu vallabhI meM AgamoM kA jo antima vyavasthApana huA usa samaya bhASA kA svarUpa kyA thA, isakA patA lagAnA bhI Aja kaThina hai isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki Aja hamAre sAmane usa samaya kI yA usake nikaTa ke samaya kI jaina AgamoM kI eka bhI prAcIna hastaprati vidyamAna nahIM hai. isa dazA meM bhI Aja hamAre sAmane AcArAGga, sUtrakRtAMga, dazavekAlika Adi AgamoM kI cUrNiyoM aura kucha jaina AgamoM ke bhASya - mahAbhASya aise raha gaye haiM jinake AdhAra para valabhIpustaka lekhana ke yuga kI bhASA aura usake pahale ke yuga kI bhASA ke svarUpa ke nikaTa pahu~ca sakate haiM. kyoMki ina cUrNiyoM meM mUlasUtrapATha ko cUrNikAroM ne vyAkhyA karane ke liye prAyaH akSarazaH pratIkarUpa se uddhRta kiyA hai, jo bhASA ke vicAra aura nirNaya ke liye bahuta upayogI hai. kucha bhASya mahAbhASya aura cUrNiyA~ aisI bhI Aja vidyamAna haiM jo apane prAcIna rUpa ko dhAraNa kiye hue haiM. ve bhI bhASA ke vicAra aura nirNaya ke liye upayukta haiM. isake atirikta prAcIna cUrNi Adi vyAkhyAgranthoM meM uddharaNarUpa se uddhRta jaina Agama aura sanmati, vizeSaNavatI, saMgrahaNI Adi prakaraNoM ke pATha bhI bhASA ke vicAra ke liye sAdhana ho sakate haiM. AcArya zrI hemacandra ne prAcIna prAkRtavyAkaraNa evaM prAcIna prAkRta vAGgamaya kA avalokana karake aura dezI dhAtuprayogoM kA dhAtvAdezoM meM saMgraha karake jo ativistRta sarvotkRSTa prAkRta bhASAoM ke vyAkaraNa kI racanA kI hai vaha apane yuga ke prAkRta bhASA ke vyAkaraNa aura sAhityika bhASApravAha ko lakSya meM rakhakara hI kI hai. yadyapi usameM kahIM-kahIM jaina AgamAdi sAhitya ko lakSya meM rakhakara kucha prayogoM Adi kI carcA kI hai tathApi vaha bahuta hI alpa pramANa meM hai. isa bAta kA nirdeza maiMne sArAbhAI navAba ahamadAbAda dvArA prakAzita kalpasUtra kI prastAvanA meM [pR0 14-15] kiyA bhI hai. AcArya zrIhemacandra ne jaina Agama Adi kI bhASA aura prayogoM ke viSaya meM vizeSa kucha nahIM kiyA hai to bhI unhoMne apane vyAkaraNa meM jaina AgamoM ke bhASya Adi meM AnevAle kucha vyApaka prayogoM kA aura yuSmad-asmad Adi zabdoM evaM dhAtuoM ke rUpoM kA saMgraha jarUra kara liyA hai. DaoN0 pizala ne kaI rUpa nahIM milane kA apane vyAkaraNa meM nirdeza kiyA wycamor wwww wwww www Suney.org
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________________ wwwwwwwwww 744 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya hai unameM se bahuta se rUpa aura prayoga jaina AgamoM kI bhASya-cUrNiyoM meM najara Ate haiM. isa dRSTi se prAkRta bhASAoM ke vidvAnoM ko ye grantha dekhanA atyAvazyaka hai. ina granthoM meM kaI prakAra ke svara- vyaJjana ke vikAra vAle prayoga, naye-naye zabda evaM dhAtu, naye-naye zabda dhAtuoM ke rUpa, Aja ke vyAkaraNoM se siddha na honevAle Arya prayoga aura naye-naye dezIzabda pAye jAte haiM jinakA ullekha pizala ke vyAkaraNa meM nahIM huA hai. vyAkaraNa, dezInAmamAlA Adi zAstra racane vAloM kI amuka nizcita maryAdA hotI hai, isa para se unake jamAne meM amuka zabda, dhAtuprayoga Adi nahIM the yA unake khayAla meM amuka nahIM AyA thA, yaha kahanA yA mAna lenA saMgata nahIM. DaoN0 pizala ne 'khaMbha' zabda kA niSpAdana veda meM AnevAle 'skaMbha' zabda se kiyA hai. isa viSaya meM pizala ke vyAkaraNa ke hiMdI anuvAda ke Amukha meM zrIyukta joSI jI ne 'prAkRta vaiyAkaraNoM ko isa bAta kA patA nahIM lagA' ityAdi likhA hai, yaha unakA pizala ke vyAkaraNa kA hiMdI anuvAda karane ke Ananda kA bhAvAveza mAtra hai. hamezA yuga-yuga meM sAhityanirmANa kA alaga-alaga prakAra kA tarIkA hotA hai. usake anusAra hI sAhitya kI racanA hotI hai. Aja kA yuga aitihAsika parIkSaNa ko AdhArabhUta mAnatA hai, prAcIna yuga sAmpradAyikatA ko AdhArabhUta mAnakara calatA thA. Aja ke yuga ke sAdhana vyApaka evaM sulabha haiM; prAcIna yuga meM aisA nahIM thA. ina bAtoM ko dhyAna meM rakhA jAya to vaha yuga aura usa yuga ke sAhitya ke nirmAtA leza bhI upAlambha yA AkSepa ke pAtra nahIM haiM. agara dekhA jAya to sAdhanoM kI durlabhatA ke yuga meM prAcIna maharSi aura vidvAnoM ne kucha kama kArya nahIM kiyA hai. pizala ke vyAkaraNa ke hiMdI anuvAdaka zrIyukta joSIjI ko pAzcAtya aura etaddezIya vidvAnoM kI vipula vicArasAmagrI meM se prAkRta bhASAoM ke sambandha meM jJAtavya koI lekhAdi najara meM nahIM AyA, sirpha unakI najara meM viduSI zrImatI DolacI nitti ke grantha kA AcArya zrI hemacandra evaM DaoN0 pizala ke vyAkaraNa kI atikaTu TIkA jitanA aMza hI najara meM AyA hai jisakA sArA kA sArA hindI anuvAda Amukha meM unhoMne bhara diyA hai jo pizala ke vyAkaraNa ke sAtha asaMgata hai. eka ora joSIjI svayaM DaoN0 pizala ko prAkRtAdi bhASAoM ke maharSi Adi vizeSaNa dete haiM aura dUsarI ora DolacI nitti ke lekha kA anuvAda dete haiM jo prAkRta bhASA ke vidvAnoM ko samagrabhAva se mAnya nahIM hai, yaha bilakula asaMgata hai. eka dRSTi se aisA kahA jA sakatA hai ki zrIyukta jozIjI ne aisA nikRSTa koTi kA Amukha, jisameM Apa prAkRta bhASAoM ke viSaya meM jJAtavya eka bhI bAta likha nahIM pAye haiM, -- likha kara apane pANDityapUrNa anuvAda ko evaM isa prakAzana ko dUSita kiyA hai. DaoN0 pizala kA 'prAkRta bhASAoM kA vyAkaraNa' jisakA hindI anuvAda DaoN0 hemacandra joSI DI0 liT ne kiyA hai aura jo 'bihAra rASTra bhASA pariSad' kI ora se prakAzita huA hai, usameM anuvAdaka aura prakAzakoM ne bahuta azuddha chapane ke liye kheda vyakta kiyA hai aura vistRta zuddhipatra dene kA anugraha bhI kiyA hai to bhI pariSad ke mAnyakuzala niyAmakoM se merA anurodha hai ki 68 pannoM kA zuddhipatra dene para bhI prAkRta prayoga aura pAThoM meM aba bhI kAphI azuddhiyA~ vidyamAna haiM, khAsa kara jaina AgamoM ke prayogoM aura pAThoM kI to anargala azuddhiyA~ rahI haiM. inakA kisI jaina AgamajJa aura prAkRta bhASAbhijJa vidvAna se parimArjana vinA karAye isakA dUsarA saMskaraNa na nikAlA jAya. zabdoM kI sUcI ko kucha vistRta rUpa diyA jAya evaM grantha aura granthakAroM ke nAmoM ke pariziSTa bhI sAtha meM diye jAyeM. anta meM apanA vaktavya samApta karate hue Apa vidvAnoM se abhyarthanA karatA hU~ ki mere vaktavya meM apUrNatA rahI ho usake liye kSamA kareM. sAtha hI mere vaktavya ko Apa logoM ne zAntipUrvaka sunA hai isake liye Apako dhanyavAda. sAtha hI maiM cAhatA hUM ki hamArI isa vidyApariSad dvArA samAna bhAvapUrvaka saMzodhana kA jo prayatna ho rahA hai usase vizuddha Aryadharma, zAstra, sAhitya evaM samasta bhAratIya prajA kI vizada dRSTi ke sAtha tAttvika abhivRddhi-samRddhi ho.
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________________ zrIgopAlanArAyaNa bahurA jainavAGmaya ke yorapIya saMzodhaka yorapanivAsI vidvAnoM dvArA jaina-sAhitya meM saMzodhana hote prAyaH DeDha sau varSoM se bhI adhika samaya ho cukA hai. buzanaina (Buchnan) ne maisUra, kannaDa aura malAbAra hote hue madrAsa meM apane daure kA vRttAnta 1807 I0 meM prakAzita karAyA thA, jisameM usane jagaha-jagaha jainoM kA ullekha kiyA hai. usane 1811-12 I0 meM paTanA aura gayA jiloM kA bhI sarvekSaNa kiyA aura usake bAre meM bhI apane saMsmaraNa likhatA rahA. vhI0 eca0 jaiksana dvArA sampAdita 1625 I0 meM paTanA se prakAzita ukta vRtAnta meM likhA hai ki usane mahAvIra ke nirvANasthala' kI bhI yAtrA kI thI. isI prakAra 1807 I0 meM hI "eziyATika risarceja" ke naveM aMka meM "jaina vRttAnta" (Account of the Jains) ke zIrSaka se tIna vivaraNa prakAzita hue the, jinameM ukta buzanaina ke atirikta lephTinaNTa karnala maikenjI dvArA apanI 1797 I0 kI dainandinI ke AdhAra para saMgRhIta vRttAnta the. buzanaina ke lekha kisI jaina vidvAn kI TippaNiyoM para bhI AdhArita the aura bahuta kucha kalpanAdhArita evaM azuddha bhI the. jaise, usane likhA hai ki buMdelI, mevAr3a, mAravAr3a, kuNDera, lAhaura, bIkAnera, jodhapura Adi sthAnoM ke bahuta se rAjapUta jaina the. jayapura ke rAjA savAI pratApasiMha, savAI jayasiMha kA putra thA aura usase pUrva ke sabhI rAjA jaina the. vAstava meM, na savAI pratApasiMha savAI jayasiMha kA putra thA, na jayapura kA koI rAjA jaina dharmAvalambI huA. yaha avazya hai ki kitane hI rAjAoM ne jainoM ko prazraya diyA thA. isake bAda hI kolabruka (1765-1837 I0 san) ke vividha lekhoM meM saMgRhIta "jainamata para vicAra-vimarza'-paraka nibandha prakaTa hue. ye nibandha kevala vivaraNAtmaka na hokara pUrvokta saMzodhanoM evaM svayaM kolabuka kI saMzodhanAtmaka AlocanA para AdhArita the. parantu, yaha nahIM mAna lenA cAhie ki vaidezikoM dvArA uparilikhita ullekha hI sarvaprathama ullekha haiM. IsA kI pAMcavIM zatAbdI meM hesiciosa (Hesychios) nAmaka grIka kozakAra ne "jenoI" (Genoi) zabda kA prayoga nagna-dArzanikoM ke artha meM kiyA hai. bAda ke vidvAnoM ne isa "jenoI" zabda ko jainoM se sambaddha mAnA hai. karnala maikenjI ke saMgraha kA vilasana dvArA saMkalita savivaraNa sUcI-patra sarva-prathama 1828 I0 meM prakAzita huA thA, usameM zrAvakoM athavA jainoM para DelAmena (Delamain) aura buzanaina ke nibandhoM kA sandarbha avazya hai tathA bAda meM 1. poyapurI (Pauyapury) ke pAsa pokorapura (Pokorpur) meM mahAvIra kA maMdira hai. maraNa ke anantara unake kucha avazeSa vahIM para rahe. bAda meM vahA~ para maMdira kA nirmANa karAyA gayA. 2. Journal of Francis Buchnan, Ed. V. H. Jackson, 1925, PP. 102-103. Observations on the Sect of Jainas. Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland, Vol. I. Jain Educ P ry.org
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________________ 746 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya kalina va kolabuka dvArA jaina-maMdiroM ke zilAlekhoM para bhI adhyayanAtmaka vivaraNa prakAzita hue haiM, parantu sabase pahalI pustaka jisake TAiTala para "jaina" zabda aMkita huA hai vaha phreMkalina likhita "jaina aura bauddhavAdoM kA saMzodhana' (Researches on the Tenets of the Jeynes & Boodhists) hai jo 1827 I0 meM sAmane AI. vilasana ne apane savivaraNa sUcI-patra meM bahuta-sI jaina-pANDulipiyoM kA vivaraNa diyA hai, jinameM se kucha usakI nijI thIM aura kucha kalakattA saMskRta kAleja kI thIM. 1828 I0 meM prakAzita maikenjI saMgraha ke kaiTalAga meM usane una 44 hastalikhita granthoM kA bhI vivaraNa diyA hai, jo landana meM IsTa iNDiyA kampanI meM pahu~ca cuke the. kolabuka ne AcArya hemacandra kRta 'abhidhAnacintAmaNi' aura 'kalpasUtrAdi' viSayaka nibandha to likhe parantu inake susampAdita saMskaraNa usa samaya na nikala sake aura bAda meM bhI bIsa varSa taka koI mUlapATha kA saMskaraNa prakAzita nahIM huA. anta meM, saiTapITarsabarga se 'abhidhAnacintAmaNi' kA bhUtaliMga (Bohtlingk) aura rIu (Ricu) kRta jarmana anuvAda 1847 I0 meM prakAzita huA tathA kalpasUtra evaM navatattva prakaraNa kA aMgrejI anuvAda sTIveMsana dvArA 1848 I0 meM prakAza meM AyA. prAkRta Agama kA aMgrejI meM anuvAda karane vAlA sTIvensana hI prathama vidvAn thA. bAda meM vebara (Weber) (1825-1601 I0 san) ne dhanezvara sUri kRta 'zatruJjaya-mAhAtmya' kA sampAdana karake vistRta bhUmikA sahita lipaz2iga (Leipzig) se san 1858 I0 meM prakAzita karAyA. isa vidvAn kA jaina-zAstroM ke adhyayana ke pariNAmasvarUpa yaha prathama prayAsa thA...parantu Age calakara 'bhagavatIsUtra' para jo kArya vebara ne kiyA vaha cirasmaraNIya rahegA. yaha grantha balina kI visencAphena (Wissenchaften) akAdamI se 1866-67 I0 meM nikalA thA. aba to yaha prAyaH aprApya ho gayA hai parantu jaina sAhitya ke bhASA zAstrIya adhyayana ke kSetra meM eka yuga-pravartaka grantha samajhA jAtA hai. vebara kI 'jainoM kA dhArmika sAhitya' (Sacred Literature of the Jainas) kA aMgrejI anuvAda smitha ne prakAzita kiyA thA. viNDiza (Windisch) ne apane iNDo-Aryana risarca ke vizvakoza (Encyclopedia of Indo-Aryan Research) meM isakA savistara vivaraNa diyA hai. taduparAnta vebara ne balina kI rAyala lAibrerI meM upalabdha jaina pANDulipiyoM kA adhyayana karake jina mUlabhUta siddhAntoM kI sthApanA kI hai| ve jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa ke vivecana meM kabhI bhulAe nahIM jA sakate. ukta pustakAlaya meM bAda meM 1644 I0 taka jo jaina grantha kharIde gae unakA sUcIpatra vAlTara zubriG (Walther Schubring) ne taiyAra kiyA hai, jo lipaz2iga se prakAzita huA hai. isameM 1127 granthoM kA vivaraNa hai. balina meM jo hastalikhita jaina grantha pahu~ce haiM aura jinakA vivaraNa vebara ne apane kaeNTalAga meM kiyA hai unakA mukhya mAdhyama byulara ko mAnanA cAhie. usa vidvAn ko bambaI ke zikSA-vibhAga ne kucha anya vidvAnoM ke sAtha tattat kSetroM meM daurA karake nijI saMgrahoM kA vivaraNa taiyAra karane tathA upalabdha hastalikhita granthoM ko kharIdane ke liye tainAta kiyA thA. aise granthoM ke viSaya meM bhaNDArakara, byulara (1837-68 I0), kolahAna, pITarsana aura anya vidvAnoM kI riporTa samaya-samaya para prakAzita huI haiM tathA nirIkSita-parIkSita granthoM ke vivaraNa evaM unake viSaya meM Avazyaka jAnakArI bhI una riporToM meM dI gaI hai. isa prakAra kharIde hue grantha 'Dekana kAleja, pUnA' meM ekatra kie gae the, jo aba bhANDArakara zodha saMsthAna meM surakSita haiM. byUhlara ne sarakArI zikSA vibhAga se yaha anumati prApta kara lI thI ki jina granthoM kI ekAdhika pratiyA~ mileM unako vaha videzI pustakAlayoM ke lie bhI kharIda sakegA. aura, yahI kAraNa hai ki balina taka aneka mahattvapUrNa jaina-grantha pahu~ca sake tathA vahA~ ke adhyavasAyI vidvAnoM dvArA susampAdita hokara unake baha-prazaMsita advitIya saMskaraNa nikale, jo unake bhASAzAstrIya adhyayana ke prati saMsAra ke agraNI vidvAnoM ko AkarSita karane meM samartha hue. yaha bhI mAna lene meM saMkoca nahIM karanA cAhie ki isa prakAra ke adhyayanArtha etaddezIya vidvAnoM ko mArgadarzana karane kA zreya bhI inhIM pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ko hai. 1. Indische Studien Vol. XVI. &XVII, 1888-92.
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________________ : gopAlanArAyaNa bahurA jainavAGmaya ke yorapIya saMzodhaka : 747 hara aura bebara ne apanI ripoToM nivarayoM aura svataMtra lekhoM ke dvArA anuvartI zodhavidvAnoM ko bhI protsAhita kiyA. jaikobI sampAdita 'kalpasUtra' ke samIkSAtmaka saMskaraNa meM, jo san 1867 I0 meM prakAzita huA, byUlara kA spaSTa prabhAva parilakSita hotA hai. isI prakAra liumaina (Leumann 1856-1631 I0 san ) ke 'aupapAtika sUtra' (1883 ) para vebara kI spaSTa chApa hai. ye donoM hI kRtiyA~ prAcIna bhASAzAstra kI sarvottama nidhiyA~ haiM. jaikobI (1860-1937 I0) ne kalpasUtra kI jo bhUmikA likhI hai vaha to prAyaH aba taka hue isa dizA ke anusaMdhAnoM kI pRSThabhUmi hI bana gaI haiM. usane jaina aura bauddhamatoM kI prAcInatA ke viSaya meM sabhI sandehoM ko nirasta kara diyA hai aura yaha nirNaya sthApita kiyA hai ki jainamata bauddhamata se bahuta purAnA hai. gautama buddha ke samaya se bahuta pahale hI jainamata kA prAdurbhAva ho cukA thA. varddhamAna mahAvIra jainamata ke Adi pravartaka nahIM the. ve to pArzvanAtha ke upadezoM ke pariSkAraka mAtra the. usane yaha bhI batAyA hai ki pArzvanAtha mahAvIra se do sau pacAsa varSa pUrva ho cuke the aura mahAvIra kA nirvANakAla 477 I0 pU0 thA. ToparA ke zilAlekha se vidita hotA hai ki azoka mahAn jainoM se 'nigaNTha' nAma se paricita thA. yorapa meM jaina saMzodhana kI pragati ko dekhate hue pizela ( Pischel) ne AzA vyakta kI thI ki jainazAstroM ke mUlapAThoM ke sampAdana evaM prakAzana ke nimitta eka jaina grantha pATha - prakAzana samiti kI sthApanA ho sakegI, parantu unakA yaha svapna pUrA na ho sakA. itanA avazya huA ki bhArata ke jaina samAja meM cetanA A gaI aura Agamodaya samiti Adi aneka saMsthAoM ne isa dizA meM kadama Age bar3hAyA. aneka jaina granthoM kA saTippaNa, sAvacUri evaM niyukti sahita prakAzana huA. isase eka lAbha yaha huA ki pahale jo mUla grantha yorapIya vidvAnoM ke hAtha lage the ve bar3I astavyasta dazA meM the aura ve unake pATha ko ThIka-ThIka samajha nahIM pAte the. vividha pratilipikarttAoM ne lambI prazastiyA~ athavA pracalita pATha kA saMkSipta rUpa dekara unheM aura bhI durgamya banA diyA thA. aisI pratiyoM meM diye hue saMketoM ko samajhanA jainavidvAnoM kI sahAyatA ke binA saMbhava nahIM thA. byUlara ne apanI riporTa meM likhA hai ki bahuta-sA jaina sAhitya talagharoM meM pracchanna avasthA meM par3A hai jisake viSaya meM svayaM jainoM ko athavA una bhaNDAroM ke saMrakSakoM taka ko ThIka-ThIka patA nahIM hai. jaisalamera ke bar3e bhaNDAra ko dekhane jaba vaha gaye to vahA~ granthoM kI saMkhyA ke viSaya meM kucha kA kucha batA diyA gayA. astu - bhAratIya jaina vidvAnoM ke Age Ane se yorapIya saMzodhakoM kA bhI mArga bahuta kucha sarala ho gayA aura ve isameM adhikAdhika rasa lene lage. isake phalasvarUpa liumaina (Leumann ) ne jaina siddhAntoM kA adhyayana karake Avazyaka sUtroM para kArya kiyA aura jaina kathAoM ke viSaya meM bhI apane abhimata prakaTa kie. harTela ( Hertel) ne kathAoM ko lekara, vizeSata: gujarAta meM prApta sAhitya ke AdhAra para bahuta adhyayana kiyA. usane ina kathAnakoM ke AdhAra para bhAratIyetara sAhitya meM bhI samAnAntara AdhAra kathAoM kA anveSaNa kiyA.' haTela kA kahanA hai ki jainakathAoM meM saMskRta bhASA kA jo rUpa prayukta huA hai vaha sAdhAraNa bolacAla kI bhASA thI, jisameM prAkRta athavA prAMtIya boliyoM ke bahuta se zabda svataH sammilita ho gaye haiM. yadi Aja kI bhASA meM kaheM to una para AMcalika chApa lagI huI hai, jo zAstrIya vyAkaraNa-sammata bhASA se bhinna hai. vaise bhI, prAkRta zabdoM, saMskArita prAkRta lokabhASAdi ke zabdoM, vividha vyAkaraNoM se lie hue zabdoM aura ajJAtamUlaka zabdoM kA saMbhAra jaina saMskRta kI viziSTatA mAnI jAtI hai. sAhityika aura aitihAsika anusaMdhAna meM grantha sUciyoM bahuta kAma kI hotI hai. yadi inako anusaMdhAna- bhitti kI AdhArazilAe~ bhI kahA jAya to atyukti na hogI. isa dizA meM klATa ( Klatt) ne pahala kI thI. usane jaina graMthakAroM aura graMthoM kI itanI bar3I anukramaNikA taiyAra kI thI ki vaha prAyaH 1100-1200 pRSThoM meM mudrita hotI. parantu daivadurvipAka se vaha vidvAn kisI gambhIraroga ke cakkara meM par3a gayA aura kArya pUrA hone se pUrva hI cala basA. vebara aura liumaina 1. Hisfory of Indian Literature by Winternitz, Pt. II 2. Bloomfield. in in vivi i mi
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________________ 748 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya ne usa saMkalana meM se koI 55 pRSTha namUne ke rUpa meM chapAe haiM.' isake bAda jaina-granthoM ke sUcIkAroM meM myUrinATa (Guerinot) kA nAma AtA hai, jisane apanA "jaina grantha-sUcI para nibandha" 1906 I0 meM prakAzita karAyA. isI prakAra jaina zilAlekhoM para bhI apanA nibandha do varSa bAda prakaTa kiyA. tadanantara lyuDarsa (Luders) ne bhI apane brAhmIlekhoM kI sUcI meM jaina-paTTAvali aura paramparA para samyak prakAza DAlA hai. jaba jaina-sAhitya-saMzodhana kA prasaMga AtA hai to isa bAta ko bhulAyA nahIM jA sakatA ki jaina sAhitya ke prati sarvaprathama AkRSTa karane kA zreya jArja byUlara ko hai. usane bambaI presIDensI kI sevA meM rahate hue bhAratIya, vizeSata: jaina sAhitya ke uddhAra kI dizA meM 17 varSoM taka bahuta bar3A kAma kiyA hai. isake pariNAma svarUpa bahuta se granthasaMgrahoM ke vivaraNa, ajJAta granthoM ke mUlapATha, cUNikAyeM Adi aura avacUriyA~ prakAza meM AI aura bahuta se videzI vidvAnoM ne una para kAma karake samIkSAtmaka nibandha likhe aura likha rahe haiM.zrImatI esa0sTIvensana nAma kI mahilA gujarAtameM IsAI dharma kI pracArikA hokara AI thI. unhoMne "The Heart of Jainism" nAmaka nibandha 1615 meM prakaTa kiyA aura usameM digambara zAkhA kI pUrNa samIkSA kI. isase pUrva bhI zrImatI sTIvensana ne "Adhunika jaina dharma" para apanI TippaNI 1910 I0 meM AksaphaoNrDa se prakAzita karAI thI. myUrinaoNTa ne "jainoM ke dharma" nAmaka pustaka 1626 meM likhI aura usameM prastuta tathyoM para vidvajjagat meM khUba carcA rahI. isase eka varSa pUrva glesanaeNpa (Glasenapp) likhita "Der Janismus, Eine Indische Erlosungureligion nAmaka pustaka san 1925 I0 meM prakAza meM A cukI thI, jisameM jaina aura anya bhAratIya dharmoM kA tulanAtmaka samIkSaNa kiyA gayA hai. isI lekhaka ne eka aura pustaka likhI hai jisameM jaina-sAhitya kI pratinidhi kRtiyoM para mantavya prakaTa kie gae haiM. bahuta samaya taka to bhAratIya jainoM ko isa bAta kA pUrA-pUrA patA hI nahIM calA athavA bahuta kama patA calA ki unake sAhitya para videzoM meM kitanA aura kyA anusaMdhAna ho rahA hai. athavA, adhika se adhika unheM kevala aMgrejI meM likhita pustakoM aura nibandhoM kA hI kisI aMza taka paricaya prApta ho sakA. jarmana aura anya pAzcAtya bhASAoM meM jo kAma huA vaha to unakI pahu~ca ke bAhara hI rahA. pariNAma yaha huA ki pAzcAtyoM dvArA kie hue zrama kA vivaraNa prAyaH vahIM taka sImita rahA. udAharaNArtha, jaikAbI dvArA kie gae kAma kA kevala vahI aMza hamArI jAnakArI meM AyA jo aMgrejI meM thA aura bahuta kucha aparicita hI rahA. parantu, jo kucha sAmagrI bhArata meM avagata ho sakI vahI jaikobI sAhaba ko 1914 I0 meM "jainadarzanadivAkara" kI padavI prApta karAne meM paryApta siddha huI. prAkRta sAhitya para vaijJAnika DhaMga se zodha karane vAloM meM pro0 jaikAbI kA nAma sabase Age rahegA. isI prakAra vartamAna meM jaina saMzodhana ke khyAtanAmA vidvAn vAlthara zubriG ne bhI "DAkTrin Apha dI jainsa" nAmaka pustaka likhakara isa paramparA meM mahattvapUrNa yogadAna diyA hai. isa lekha dvArA yaha batalAne kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai ki bhAratIya-saMskRti ke punaruddhAra ke lie ina videzI vidvAnoM ne sabase prathama kadama uThAe aura Age Ane vAle saMzodhakoM ke lie AdhArabhUmi taiyAra kI. yadyapi inake sabhI kathana pUrI taraha se pramANita nahIM haiM, phira bhI, zodha kI jisa praNAlI kA sUtrapAta ina logoM dvArA huA hai vaha vaijJAnika aura sudRr3ha mAnA jA sakatA hai. 1. Indian Antiquary. P.23, 169 2. epigrAphiyA eNDikA bhA0 10-pari0 3. Essai de Bibliographie Jaina, Paris, 1906. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ SODW zrIagaracanda nAhaTA rAmacarita sambandhI rAjasthAnI jaina sAhitya jainAgamoM ke anusAra maryAdApuruSottama rAma AThaveM baladeva aura lakSmaNa AThaveM vAsudeva haiM. rAvaNa ko prativAsudeva mAnA gayA hai. ina saba kI vesaTha zalAkA mahApuruSoM meM gaNanA hotI hai. samavAyAMga sUtrAdi meM rAma kA nAma 'pauma' milatA hai. ata: rAmacarita sambadhI prAcIna granthoM kA nAma 'paumacariya' padmacarita va padmapurANa pAyA jAtA hai. vimalasUri racita 'paumacariya' nAmaka prAkRta caritakAvya saba se pahalA graMtha hai jisameM jainadRSTikoNa se rAma-kathA kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai. prAkRta meM maulika caritakAvyoM kA prArambha isI graMtha se hotA hai. prastuta graMtha meM ullekhAnusAra isa graMtha kI racanA dIra nirvANa saMvat 530 meM huI thI. apabhraMza bhASA ke caritakAvya kA prArambha bhI rAmakathA se hI hotA hai. kavi svayaMbhU kA 'paumacariya' apabhraza kA sarvaprathama viziSTa mahAkAvya hai. svayaMbhU kA samaya AThavIM zatAbdI mAnA jAtA hai. uparyukta donoM prAkRta va apabhraMza ke rAmakAvya hindI anuvAda sahita prakAzita ho cuke haiM. prAkRta paumacariyaM ke AdhAra se AcArya raviSeNa ne saMskRta padmacarita nAmaka (vi0saM0 1203) kAvya banAyA. vaha bhI prakAzita ho cukA hai. anya bhI kaI rAmacarita sambandhI jaina graMtha chape haiM. ajJAtakartRka 'sItAcarita' nAmaka prAkRta kAvya abhI aprakAzita hai 'caupanna mahApuruSacariyaM' 'triSaSThizalAkApuruSacarita' aura 'mahApurANa' meM bhI rAmakathA guMphita hai. ye sabhI chapa cuke haiM. rAmakathA ke pradhAnatayA do rUpAntara' jaina sAhitya meM prApta hote haiM. 'vasudevahinDI' nAmaka pAMcavIM zatAbdI ke kathAgraMtha meM bhI rAmakathA saMkSepa meM prApta hotI hai. isa prakAra rAmacarita sambandhI jaina sAhitya pracura pariNAma meM prApta hai. prastuta lekha meM rAjasthAnI va hindI kI rAmacarita sambandhI jaina racanAoM kA hI saMkSipta vivaraNa prakAzita kiyA jA rahA hai. rAjasthAnI bhASA meM rAmacarita sambandhI racanAoM kA prArambha 16 vIM zatAbdI se hone lagatA hai aura 20 vIM ke lagabhaga 400 varSa taka usakI paraMparA niraMtara calatI rahI hai. upalabdha rAjasthAnI bhASA ke rAmacarita gadya aura padya donoM meM prApta haiM. isI prakAra jaina aura jainetara bheda se bhI inheM do vibhAgoM meM bA~TA jA sakatA hai. inameM jaina racanAoM kI prAcInatA va pradhAnatA vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya hai ataH prastuta lekha meM rAjasthAnI kI rAmakathA sambandhI racanAoM kA hI vivaraNa diyA jAtA hai. rAmacarita sambandhI rAjasthAnI jaina racanAoM meM se kucha to sItA ke carita ko pradhAnatA detI haiM, kucha rAmacarita ko. 1. dekho nAthUrAma premI li0 paumacariyaM lekha. NMMERCE 20 AA Jain Education in
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________________ 750 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya kucha pUrNa rUpa se vistAra se carita upasthita karatI haiM to kucha prasaMga vizeSa ko saMkSipta rUpa meM prApta sabhI racanAoM kA saMkSipta vivaraNa isa prakAra hai(1) di0 brahma jinadAsa racita rAmacarita kAvya hI rAjasthAnI kA sabase pahilA rAmakAvya hai. isa rAmAyaNa kI racanA saM0 1508 meM huI hai. isakI hastalikhita prati Dugarapura ke di0 jaina maMdira ke zAstrabhaNDAra meM hai. deNie-rASTra bhAratI ke disa063 meM prakAzita merA lekha. (2) rAmasItArAsa (bhAsa 12) jinadAsa guNakIrti, nainavA di0 zAstrabhaNDArastha guTakA prApta huA hai. dekho rASTrabhAratI pharavarI 64 meM prakAzita merA lekha. (3) isake bAda ke rAjasthAnI rAmakAvya meM 'jaina gurjara kavio' bhAga 1 ke pRSTha 1606 meM upadeza gacchIya upAdhyAya vinayasamudra racita padmacarita kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai. yaha rAmakAvya saM0 1604 ke phAlguna meM bIkAnera meM racA gayA eva padmacaritra ke AdhAra se banAyA gayA hai. vinayasamudra ke padmacarita kI prati gauDIjI bhaNDAra udayapura meM bhI hai. kavi ke sambandha meM rAjasthAnabhAratI meM merA lekha dRvya hai. (4) pigalaziromaNi-suprasiddha kavi kuzalalAbha ne jaisalamera ke mahArAjakumAra hararAja ke nAma se yaha mAravADI bhASA kA sarvaprathama chandagraMtha banAyA hai. isameM udAharaNa rUpa meM rAmakathA varNita hai. rAjasthAnI zodha saMsthAna, jodhapura se yaha graMtha prakAzita ho cukA hai. (5) sItAcaupaI--yaha 327 padyoM kI choTI-sI racanA hai. isameM sItA ke caritra kI pradhAnatA hai. kharataragaccha ke jinaprabha sUri zAkhA ke sAgaratilaka ke ziSya samayadhvaja ne isakI racanA saMvat 1611 meM kI. zrImAla bharadulA gotrIya gujara vaMzIya gar3hamUla ke putra bhISaNa aura daragahamala ke liye isakI racanA huI hai. isakI saMvat 1702 meM likhita 16 patra kI prati haMsavijaya lAibrerI, bar3audA meM hai. (6) sItAprabaMdha--yaha 346 padyoM meM hai. 1628 meM raNathaMbhora ke zAha cokhA ke kahane se yaha racA gayA. 'janagurjara kavio' bhAga 3 pRSTha 733 meM isakA vivaraNa milatA hai. isakI prati nAhara jI ke saMgraha (kalakatte) meM bhI hai. (7) sItAcarita-yaha sAta sargoM kA kAvya pUrNimAgacchIya hemaratanaracita hai. mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya tathA anantanAtha bhaMDAra bambaI evaM bar3audA meM isakI pratiyA~ haiM. padmacaritra ke AdhAra se isakI racanA huI hai. racanAkAla kA ullekha nahIM kiyA, para hemaratna sUri ke anya graMtha saMvat 1636-45 meM (mAravAr3a meM) racita milate hai. ataH sItAcarita kI racanA isI ke AsapAsa honI cAhie. rAmasItArAsa--tapAgacchIya kuzalavarddhana ke ziSya nagarSi ne isakI racanA 1646 meM kI. hAlAbhAI bhaMDAra, pATaNa meM isakI prati hai. jaina gurjara kavio' bhAga 1 pRSTha 260 meM isakI kevala eka hI paMkti uddhRta hone se graMtha kI padyasaMkhyAdi parimANa kA patA nahIM cala sakA. (8) lavakuzarAsa-pIpalaccha ke rAjasAgara racita isa rAsa meM rAma ke putra lava-kuza kA caritra varNita hai. padyasaMkhyA 505 (graMthAgra 600) hai. saMvat 1672 ke jeTha sudi budhavAra ko thirapura meM isakI racanA huI hai. uparyukta hAlAbhAI, pATaNa bhaMDAra meM isakI 12 patroM kI prati hai. (10) lavakuza chappaya gA0 70 bha0 mahIcandra (DUMgarapura di0 bha0) (11) sItAviraha lekha - isameM 61 padyoM meM sItA ke viraha kA varNana (patrapreSaNa ke rUpa meM) kiyA gayA hai. saMvat 1671 kI dvitIya ASAr3ha pUrNimA ko kavi amaracanda ne isakI racanA kI. jaina gurjara kavio, bhAga 1, pRSTha 508 meM isakA vivaraNa milatA hai. * ** * ** * * * *** ** * . . . Hain . . disama . . A . . I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . .. .. .........IIIIIIIII....................nnnnnrTTTTTY . . .
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________________ agaracanda nAhaTA: rAmacarita sambandhI rAjasthAnI jaina sAhitya : 751 (12) sItArAma caupaI-mahAkavi samayasundara kI yaha viziSTa kRti hai. racanAkAla va sthAna kA nirdeza nahIM hai. para isake prArambha meM kavi ne apanI anya racanAoM kA ullekha karate hue naladamayaMtI rAsa kA ullekha kiyA hai. jo ki saMvat 1673 meM meDate meM zrI rAjamala ke putra amIpAla khetasI, netasI tejasI, aura rAjasI ke Agraha se racA gayA hai. ataH sItArAma caupaI saMvat 1673 ke bAda hI (inhIM rAjasI Adi ke Agraha se racita hone ke kAraNa se) racI gaI hai. isake chaThe khaMDa kI tIsarI DhAla meM kavi ne apane janmasthAna sAcora meM usa DhAla ko banAne kA ullekha kiyA hai. kavivara kA racita sAcora kA mahAvIra stavana saMvat 1677 ke mAgha meM racA gayA hai. saMbhava hai, ki usI ke Asa pAsa yaha DhAla bhI racI gaI hai. sItArAma caupaI kI saMvat 1683 meM likhita prati hI milatI hai. ataH isakA racanAkAla saMvat 1673 se 1683 ke bIca kA nizcita hai. prastuta caupaI navakhaMDa kA mahAkAvya hai. navoM rasoM kA poSaNa isameM kiyA jAne kA ullekha kavi ne svayaM kiyA hai. prasiddha lokagItoM kI deziyoM (cAla) meM isa graMtha kI DhAleM banAI gaI haiM, unakA nirdeza karate hue kavi ne kaunasA lokagIta kahA~ kahA~ prasiddha hai, isakA ullekha bhI kiyA hai. jaise---- (1) nokhArA gIta-mAravAr3i DhUr3hAr3i, mAMhe prasiddha che. (2) suumr| gIta--jodhapura, mer3atA, nAgaura, nagare prasiddha che. (3) tillIrA gIta-meDatAdika deze prasiddha che. (4) isI prakAra "jaisalamera ke jAdavA' Adi gItoM kI cAla meM bhI DhAla banAI gaI hai. prastuta graMtha aba hamAre dvArA saMpAdita rUpa meM prakAzita hone ko hai. ataH vizeSa paricaya graMtha ko svayaM par3ha kara prApta kareM. (13) rAmayazorasAyana--vijayagaccha ke muni kezarAja ne saMvat 1883 ke Azvina trayodazI ko antarapura meM isakI racanA kI. graMtha cAra khaNDoM meM vibhakta hai. DhAle 62 haiM. isakA sthAnakavAsI aura terahapaMthI sampradAya meM bahuta pracAra rahA hai. unhoMne apanI mAnyatA ke anusAra isake pATha meM raddobadala bhI kiyA hai. sthAnakavAsI samAja kI ora se isake 2-3 saMskaraNa chapa cuke haiM. para mUla pATha 'Ananda kAvya mahodadhi' ke dvitIya bhAga meM ThIka se chapA hai. isakA parimANa samayasundara ke sItArAma caupAI ke karIba kA hai. isakI do hastalikhita pratiyAM hamAre saMgraha meM haiM. (14) rAmacandra caritra-lokAgacchIya trivikrama kavi ne saMvat 1666 sAvaNa sudI 5 ko hisAra pirojA DaMga meM isakI racanA kI. triSaSThi zalAkA puruSa caritra ke AdhAra se navakhaNDoM evaM 135 DhAloM meM yaha racA gayA hai. isakI 130 patroM kI prati prApta hai, jisa ke prArambha ke 25 patra na milane se tIna DhAleM prApta nahIM huI haiM. isa zatAbdI ke prApta graMthoM meM yaha saba se bar3A rAjasthAnI rAmakAvya hai. 18 vIM zatAbdI (55) rAmAyaNa --kharataragacchIya cAritradharma aura vidyAkuzala ne saMvat 1721 ke vijayAdazamI ko savAlasadesa ke lavaNasara meM isakI racanA kI. prApta jaina rAjasthAnI racanAoM meM isakI yaha nirAlI vizeSatA hai ki kavi ne jaina hone para bhI isakI racanA jaina rAmacarita graMthoM ke anusAra na karake, bAlmIki rAmAyaNa Adi ke anusAra kI hai bAlmIka vAziSTarisi, kathA kahI subha jeha / tiNa anusAre rAmajasa, kahiye ghaNe saneha // suprasiddha bAlmIki rAmAyaNa ke anusAra isameM bAlakANDa, uttarakANDa Adi sAta kANDa haiM. racanA DhAlabaddha hai. graMtha kA parimANa cAra hajAra zloka se bhI adhika kA hai. sirohI se prApta isakI eka prati hamAre saMgraha meM hai. (16) sItA aAloyaNA-loMkAgacchIya kuzala kavi ne 63 padyoM meM sItA ke banabAsa samaya meM kI gaI AtmavicAraNA *** *** *** *** *** .. . JainEducaininthalichal.................... ............ iiiiiiiiii. .ade-brary.org !! !
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________________ 752 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya kA isameM guMphana kiyA hai. kavi kI anya racanAeM saM0 1746-86 kI prApta hone se isakA racanAkAla, 18 vIM zatAbdI nizcita hai. (17) sItAharaNa cauDhAliyA- isameM tapAgacchIya daulatakIti ne 46 padyoM evaM 4 DhAloM meM sItAharaNa ke prasaMga kA varNana kiyA hai. racanA bIkAnera meM saMvat 1784 meM banAI gaI hai. isakI do patroM kI prati hamAre saMgraha meM hai.. (18) rAmacandra pAkhyAna-isameM dharmavijaya ne 55 chappaya (kavittoM) meM rAmakathA. saMkSepa meM varNana kI hai. isakI pAMca patroM kI prati (16 vIM zatAbdI ke prArambha kI li0) motIcandra jI khajAMcI ke saMgraha meM hai. ataH racanA 18 vIM zatAbdI kI honI saMbhava hai. bra0 jinadAsa, guNakIti mahIcandra ke rAmacarita ko chor3a kara uparyukta sabhI racanAeM zvetAmbara vidvAnoM kI haiM. anya digambara racanAoM meM saMvat 1713 meM racita(16) sItAcarita hindI meM hai jo kavi rAyacanda dvArA racita hai. usakI 144 patroM kI prati Amera bhaMDAra meM hai. goviMda pustakAlaya, bIkAnera meM bhI isakI eka prati hai. (20) sItAharaNa--di0 jayasAgara ne saMvat 1732 meM gaMdhAra nagara meM isakI racanA kI. bhASA gujarAtI mizrita rAjasthAnI hai. usakI 113 patroM kI prati uparyukta Amera bhaMDAra meM hai. 16 vIM zatAbdI (21) DhAlamaMjarI-rAmarAsa-tapAgacchIya sujJAnasAgara kavi ne saMvat 1822 magasira sudI 12 ravivAra ko isakI udayapura meM racanA kI. bhASA meM hindI kA prabhAva bhI hai. caritra kAphI vistAra se varNita hai. graMtha 6 khaNDoM meM vibhakta hai. isakI prati lIMvaDI ke jJAna bhaMDAra meM 181 patroM kI hai. saMbhavataH rAjasthAnI jaina rAmacaritra graMthoM meM yaha saba se bar3A hai. graMthakAra bar3e vairAgI evaM saMyamI the. inakI caubIsI Adi racanAeM bhI prApta haiM.. (22) sItA caupaI-tapAgacchIya cetanavijaya ne saMvat 1851 ke vaisAkha sudi 13 ko baMgAla ke ajImagaMja meM isakI racanA kI. inako anya racanAoM kI bhASA hindI pradhAna hai. prastuta caupAI kI 18 patroM kI prati bIkAnera ke u0 jayacandajI ke bhaMDAra va kalakatte ke zrIpUrNacanda nAhara ke saMgraha meM hai. parimANa madhyama hai. (23) rAmacarita-sthA0 RSi cauthamala ne isa vistRta graMtha kI racanA kI. zrI motIcandajI khajAMcI ke saMgraha meM isakI do pratiyAM patra 65 va 84 kI haiM. jinameM se eka meM, anta ke kucha patra nahIM haiM aura dUsarI meM anta kA patra hone para bhI cipaka jAne se pATha naSTa ho gayA hai. isakA racanAkAla saM0 1862 jodhapura hai. inakI anya racanARSidattA caupAI saM0 1864 devagar3ha (mevAr3a) meM racita hai. prArambhika kucha padyoM ko par3hane para jJAta huA ki samayasundara kI sItArAma caupAI ke kucha padya to isameM jyoM ke tyoM apanA liye gaye haiM. (24) rAmarAso-lacamaNa sItA banavAsa caupAI-RSi zivalAla ne saMvat 1882 ke mAgha vadi 1 ko bIkAnera kI nAhaToM kI bagIcI meM isakI racanA kI. isameM kathA saMkSipta hai. 12 patroM kI prati sva0 yati mukana jI ke saMgraha meM dekhI hai. 20 vIM zatAbdI (21) rAmasItADhAlIyA-tapAgacchIya RSabhavijaya ne saMvat 1603 migasira vadi 2 budhavAra ko sAta DhAloM meM saMkSipta caritra varNana kiyA hai. bhASA gujarAtI pradhAna hai. (26) bIsavIM ke uttarArddha meM amolaka RSi ne sItAcaritra banAyA hai vaha maiMne dekhA nahIM hai para usakI bhASA bhI hindI pradhAna hogI. more TRINA(P JainEL-HTTAam annaptituna INATIM A TALABRituatisemblymoolyn1111111111111111111 1 11111111.mamim ... mulineliwary.org
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________________ agaracanda nAhaTA: rAmacarita sambandhI rAjasthAnI jaina sAhitya : 753 bIsavIM zatI meM (27) zukla jaina rAmAyaNa sthA0 muni-zuklacanda jI. (28) sarala jaina rAmAyaNa-kastUracandrajI. (26) Adarza jaina rAmAyaNa-cauthamala jI ne nirmANa kI hai. phuTakara 'satI sItAgIta' Adi to kaI milate haiM. gadya meM kaI bAlAvabodha graMthoM meM 'sItAcaritra' saMkSepa meM milatA hai. usakA yahAM ullekha nahIM kiyA jA rahA hai. kevala eka maulika sItAcarita kI apUrNa prAcIna prati hamAre saMgraha meM hai. usI kA kucha vivaraNa diyA jA rahA hai(30) sItAcaritra bhASA--isakI 18 patroM kI apUrNa prati hamAre saMgraha meM hai jo 16 vIM yA 17 vIM ke Arambha kI likhita hai ataH isakI racanA 16 vIM zatAbdI kI honI sambhava hai. isI taraha kA eka anya saMkSipta sItAcaritra (gadya) muni jinavijaya jI saMgraha (bhAratIya vidyAbhavana, bambaI) meM hai. isa prakAra rAmakathA sambandhI yathAjJAta rAjasthAnI---gujarAtI va hindI racanAoM kA saMkSipta vivaraNa diyA gayA hai. khoja karane para aura bhI milane saMbhava haiM. Jain Education Intemational '
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________________ zrImahAvIra koTiyA jaina kRSNa-sAhitya zrIkRSNa bhArata rASTra kI anyatama vibhUti haiM. unakA carita-varNana vyApaka rUpa se lokaruci kA viSaya rahA hai. rASTra kI sabhI dhArmika vicAradhArAoM va unase prabhAvita sAhitya meM unakA (apanI-apanI mAnyatAnusAra) varNana upalabdha hai. vaiSNava-sAhitya meM unakA svayaM bhagavAn kA rUpa (kRSNastu bhagavAn svayam-bhA0 purANa 1 / 3 / 22) pramukha hai; para isake AvaraNa meM mahAbhArata Adi prAcIna granthoM meM unake vIrazreSTha svarUpa kI hI pUjA huI hai. jainoM ke nikaTa ve zalAkApuruSa vAsudeva haiM; jo ki mahAn vIra va zreSTha ardha cakravartI zAsaka hotA hai. bauddha jAtaka-kathAoM meM bhI unakA eka vIra, zaktizAlI va vijetA rAjapuruSa ke rUpa meM varNana huA hai. spaSTa hai ki ukta dhArmika vicAradhArAoM meM cAhe zrIkRSNa sambandhI mAnyatA kI dRSTi se bAhya vibhinnatA rahI ho, para mUlataH sabhI meM unake vIrazreSTha svarUpa kA yazo-gAna pramukha hai. batAyA jA cukA hai ki jaina paramparA meM zrIkRSNa kI puruSazalAkA vAsudeva ke rUpa meM mAnyatA hai. zalAkA puruSa se tAtparya hai zreSTha (mahApuruSa) ! zalAkA puruSa zreSaTha kahe gaye haiM; tIrthaMkara 24, cakravartI 12, baladeva 6, vAsudeva 6 tathA prativAsudeva 6. jaina purANa granthoM va carita-kAvyoM meM ina mahApuruSoM kA hI jIvana-caritra vaNita huA hai. zrIkRSNa navameM (yA antima) vAsudeva the.2 vAsudeva zrIkRSNa eka zaktizAlI vIra va ardha cakravartI zAsaka the. vaitADhya giri (vindhyAcala) se lekara sAgara paryanta sampUrNa dakSiNa bhArata ke ve eka mAtra adhipati batAye gaye haiM. uttara bhArata kI rAjanIti meM bhI unakA viziSTa sthAna thA. apane zaktizAlI pratidvandvI jarAsandha va usake sahAyaka kauravoM ke parAbhava ke bAda hastinApura ke rAjyasiMhAsana para pANDavoM ko pratiSThita kara unhoMne uttara bhArata meM bhI apanA rAjanItika prabhutva sthApita kiyA. uttara-bhArata kI anya bahuta sI rAja-nagariyoM ke atyAcArI zAsakoM kA damana kara, unhoMne unake uttarAdhikAriyoM ko unake sthAna para pratiSThita kara apane prabhAva va lokapriyatA meM vRddhi kI. isa taraha jana-sAhitya ke adhyayana se hameM patA calatA hai ki zrIkRSNa bhArata ke aise mahApuruSa the, jinhoMne deza meM bikharI huI rAjanItika zaktiyoM ko ekatrita kiyA aura usameM saphalatA bhI prApta kI. jaina-kRSNa-sAhitya ke adhyayana se bhAratIya itihAsa ke kaI lupta tathya bhI hamAre sAmane udghATita hote haiM. inameM se eka 1. dekhiye 'ghatajAtaka' 2. navamo vAsudevo'yamiti devA jagustadA-harivaMzapurANa 55-60. 1. bArabaIe nayaroe addhabharahassa ya samattassa ya AhevaccaM jAva viharai-antagaDadazAsUtra 1.5 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jainbrothinnitun... . . " . . . . . . / . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DIPIVISIlluuN . . . . . . . . . . . iidulary.org..
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________________ mahAvIra koTiyA : jaina kRSNa-sAhitya : 755 tathya hai, usa samaya ke dhArmika netA ariSTanemi (neminAtha) ke sAtha zrIkRSNa ke pArivArika sambandhoM kI jAnakArI. ariSTanemi jaina-paramparA ke 22veM tIrthaMkara ke rUpa meM pratiSThita haiM. mahAvIra svAmI ke atirikta jaina-paramparA ke anya 23 pUrva tIrthakaroM ko aba taka adhikAMza loga kapola-kalpanA kahate rahe haiM, aura bahuta se aba bhI kahate haiM. para yaha bhrama vidyAlayoM meM par3hAye jAne vAle vartamAna itihAsa kA phailAyA huA hai. jahA~ taka ariSTanemi kI aitihAsikatA kA prazna hai; bhArata ke mahAn prAcIna grantha Rgveda (a0 6 mantra 25) yajurveda tathA mahAbhArata Adi meM unakA ullekha upalabdha hai. jaina-paramparA se hameM jJAta hotA hai ki zrIkRSNa va ariSTanemi cacere bhAI the.' ariSTa nemi ke sAtha isa sambandha ke kAraNa jaina-sAhitya meM zrIkRSNa kA eka viziSTa vyaktitva rahA hai. eka zreSTha rAja-netA va ati parAkramI vIra puruSa hone ke sAtha hI zrIkRSNa kI dharma ke prati abhiruci bhI prabala batAI gaI hai. neminAtha kI ahiMsA-bhAvanA kA prabhAva unake jIvana meM spaSTa dekhA jA sakatA hai. unhoMne vaidika-kAla ke hiMsApUrita yajJa kA virodha kiyA, tathA usa yajJa ko uttama batAyA jisameM jIvahiMsA nahIM hotI. unhoMne yajJa kI apekSA karma ko mahAn batAyA. jaina-Agama granthoM meM zrIkRSNa se sambandhita aise bahuta se prasaMga Aye haiM, jaba ki ariSTanemi ke dvArikA Agamana para zrIkRSNa saba rAjyakAryoM ko chor3a sakuTumba unake darzana va upadeza zravaNa ko jAyA karate the. ve dIkSA-samAroha meM bhI bhAga lete rahate the. svayaM unake kula ke bahuta se sadasyoM ne, jinameM unakI aneka rAniyA~ va putra Adi bhI the, arhata ariSTanemi se dIkSA grahaNa kI. zrIkRSNa ke bahumukhI vyaktitva ke isa pahalU ne unheM, jaina-sAhitya meM atyadhika pramukha banA diyA hai. ariSThanemi viSayaka jitanA bhI jaina-sAhitya upalabdha hai, usa sabameM zrIkRSNa kA carita-varNana ati mahattvapUrNa rahA hai; bahutasI kRtiyoM meM to ve ariSTanemi se bhI adhika pramukha bana gaye haiM. isake atirikta svatantra rUpa se bhI unake jIvana-carita ke vibhinna prasaMgoM kA savistAra varNana huA hai tathA pANDava-gaNa, gajasukumAla va pradyumnakumAra Adi se sambandhita kRtiyoM meM bhI unakA varNana ati pramukha rahA hai. isase jaina-sAhityakAroM ke zrIkRSNa-carita ke prati AkarSaNa kA patA lagatA hai. vibhinna bhAratIya prAcIna va arvAcIna bhASAyoM yathA prAkRta,saMskRta, apabhraMza, hindI, kannaDa, tAmila, telugu tathA gujarAtI Adi meM saikar3oM kI mAtrA meM kRSNa-sambandhI kRtiyA~ upalabdha haiM. prastuta lekha meM prAkRta, saMskRta, apabhraMza tathA hindI bhASA meM upalabdha jaina-kRSNa-sAhitya kA ati saMkSipta-sA paricaya diyA gayA hai. AzA hai yaha paricaya jahA~ pAThaka ko kRSNa-sAhitya sambandhI navIna jAnakArI degA, vahIM use jaina-sAhitya kI vizAlatA kA anumAna karAne meM bhI sahAyaka siddha hogA. prAkRta-jaina-kRSNa sAhitya-jainadharma ke mUla graMtha Agama kahe gaye haiM. inakA prarUpaNa svayaM bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kiyA thA, parantu saMkalana bhagavAn ke gaNadharoM [ziSyoM] ne kiyA. prAkRta-jaina kRSNa sAhitya kI dRSTi se prathama sthAna Agama-graMthoM kA hI hai. AgamoM kA upalabdha saMkalana I0 san kI 6ThI zatAbdI kA hai. Agama graMthoM kI saMkhyA 46 hai--aMga 12, upAMga 12, chedasUtra 6, mUlasUtra 4, prakIrNaka 10, cUlikA sUtra 2. kRSNasAhitya kI dRSTi se nimna AgamagraMtha mahattvapUrNa haiM . [1] sthAnAMga-isa satra ke AThaveM adhyayana meM zrIkRSNa kI ATha paTarAniyoM [padmAvatI, gaurI, gAndhArI, lakSmaNA, susImA, jAmbavatI, satyabhAmA, aura rukmiNI] kA varNana huA hai. [2] samavAyAMga-isa sUtra meM 54 uttama puruSoM ke varNana-prakaraNa meM zrIkRSNa kA varNana huA hai. zrIkRSNa vAsudeva the. vAsudeva kA pratidvandI prativAsudeva hotA hai jo ki duSTa, AtatAyI tathA prajA ko trAsa dene vAlA hotA hai. vAsudeva kA pavitra kartavya usakA hanana kara pRthvI ko bhAra-mukta karanA hai. zrIkaSNa ne apane pratidvandI prativAsudeva jarAsandha kA vadha kiyA thA. 1. uttarAdhyayana 22.2 2. antagaDadasA 3.23, 5.2, 6.8. (jJAtRdharmakathA) 1.5 nirayAvalikA 5.12. * * * * * * * Jain Educadora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III!!!!!!!!!! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .........PrPPARIPara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S enal................ ...... U nauthora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ........i iiiiiii. HHHHHHHorg
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________________ Amawwwwwwwwwwwwwwww 716 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya [3] jJAtRdharmakathA-isa aMgagraMtha ke pahale skandha ke pAMcaveM tathA solahaveM adhyayana meM zrIkRSNa kA varNana huA hai. pA~caveM adhyayana meM arhat ariSTanemi kA raivataka parvata para Agamana, kRSNa kA dalabala sahita unake darzana va upadezazravaNa ko jAnA tathA thAvaccAputra kI pravrajyA kA varNana hai. solahaveM adhyayana meM pANDavoM kA varNana hai. pANDavoM kI mAM kuntI zrIkRSNa kI buA thI. [4] antakRddazA-isameM antakRt kevaliyoM kI kathAe~ haiM. ATha varga (adhyayanoM ke samUha) haiM. isa graMtha meM kRSNakathA ke vibhinna aMgoM kA sthAna-sthAna para varNana huA hai. prathama varga ke pahale adhyayana meM zrIkRSNa kA dvArikA ke rAjA ke rUpa meM ullekha huA hai. tIsare varga ke AThaveM adhyayana meM kRSNa ke sahodara gajasukumAla kA prasiddha jaina AkhyAna hai. pAMcaveM varga ke prathama adhyayana meM dvArikAvinAza va zrIkRSNa kI mRtyu kA varNana hai. [5] praznavyAkaraNa-upalabdha praznavyAkaraNa sUtra ke do khaNDa haiM. pahale meM pAMca AsravadvAroM kA aura dUsare meM pA~ca saMvaradvAroM kA varNana hai. prathama khaNDa ke cauthe dvAra meM zrIkRSNa ke yuddha karane aura rukmiNI tathA padmAvatI ko pAne kA ullekha hai. [6] nirayAvalikA--isake pAMcaveM upAMga dRSNidazA ke 12 adhyayana haiM, jinameM prathama adhyayana meM dvAravatI nagarI ke rAjA kRSNa vAsudeva kA varNana hai. ariSTanemi vihAra karate huye raivataka parvata para padhAre. kRSNa vAsudeva hAthI para savAra ho dala-bala sahita unake darzana va upadezazravaNa ko gaye. [7] uttarAdhyayana-kahA jAtA hai, isameM bhagavAn mahAvIra ke antima cAturmAsa ke samaya diye gaye upadezoM kA saMgraha hai. isameM 36 adhyayana haiM. 22 veM adhyayana meM jaina-kRSNa-kathA ke eka mahattvapUrNa prasaMga kA ullekha hai. yaha prasaMga hai zrIkRSNa dvArA ariSTanemi ke vivAha kA prabandha karanA, bhoja ke liye ikaTThe kiye gae pazuoM kI karuNa pukAra suna ariSTanemi ko vairAgya ho jAnA tathA raivataka parvata para jAkara unakA tapasyA karanA. isa adhyayana se zrIkRSNa kA janma soriyapura meM honA pratIta hotA hai. zrAgametara prAkRta kRSNasAhitya-Agametara sAhitya meM (Agama-vyAkhyA sAhitya ke atirikta) kRSNa-kathA kA varNana karane vAlA prathama graMtha 'harivaMsacariya' kahA jAtA hai. isake racayitA vimalasUri the, jinhoMne carita-sAhitya ke prasiddha graMtha 'paumacariya' kI racanA kI hai. parantu ukta graMtha abhI taka upalabdha nahIM ho sakA hai. vimalasUri kA samaya vi0 kI prathama zatAbdI nizcita kiyA jAtA hai.' [1] vasudevahiNDI-yaha eka vizAla graMtha hai. isake pUrvArddhabhAga ke racayitA saMghadAsa gaNi tathA uttara bhAga ke racayitA dharmadAsa gaNi kahe gaye haiM. saMghadAsa gaNi kA samaya I0 san kI lagabhaga pAMcavIM zatAbdI kahA gayA hai.2 graMtha kA mukhya viSaya zrIkRSNa ke pitA vasudeva ke bhramaNa (hiMDana) kA varNana karanA hai. graMtha ke dUsare bhAga pIThiyA (pIThikA) meM zrIkRSNa kI agramahiSiyoM kA paricaya, rukmiNI se pradyumnakumAra kA janma, usakA apaharaNa, pUrvabhava, mAtA-pitA se punaH milanA, jAmbavatI se zaMvukumAra kA janma Adi kA varNana milatA hai. harivaMza kula kI utpatti tathA kaMsa ke pUrvabhavoM kA varNana bhI milatA hai. kaurava-pANDavoM kA ullekha bhI milatA hai. isa grantha ke pUrvabhAga meM 11 hajAra zloka tathA uttarabhAga meM 17 hajAra zloka haiM.3 [2] cauppana mahApurisacariyaMH-yaha zIlAcArya (zIlAMkasUri) kI racanA hai. isa graMtha meM jainadharma ke mAnya 54 zalAkA 1. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa-zrI nAthUrAma premI, pRSTha 87. 2. prAkRta sA0 kA itihAsa-DaoN. jagadIzacandra jaina, pR0 381 3. somadevaviracita kathAsaritsAgara kI bhUmikA --DA. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla, pR0 13. mi (Silo HAR BO Jane ROSHENESEISESINANONESHOENENINONOSINONE
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________________ mahAvIra koTiyA : jaina kRSNa-sAhitya : 767 puruSoM kA varNana huA hai. 6 prativAsudevoM ko alaga na ginakara vAsudevoM ke sAtha hI gina liyA gayA hai. isa racanA kA samaya I0 san 868 batAyA jAtA hai.' [3] bhava-bhAvanA-isake kartA maladhAri hemacandra sUri kahe gaye haiM. inhoMne vi0 saM0 1170 (san 1223) meM ukta grantha kI racanA kI.2 kRti meM 12 bhAvanAoM kA varNana hai. kula 531 gAthAe~ haiM. harivaMza kula kA vistAra se varNana huA hai. kaMsa kA vRttAnta, vasudevacarita, devakI se vasudeva jI kA vivAha, kRSNa-janma, kaMsavadha, neminAtha-carita Adi kA sundara varNana huA hai. yaha prakAzita racanA hai. inhIM kavi kI eka anya kRti 'upadezamAlAprakaraNa' hai. isameM jaina-tattvopadeza se sambandhita kitanI hI dhArmika va laukika kathAe~ dI huI haiM. tapadvAra meM vasudeva-carita kA varNana huA hai. yaha bhI prakAzita racanA hai. [4] kumArapAla-paDiboha-isa kRti ke racayitA somaprabha sUri, AcArya hemacandra ke ziSya the. isakI racanA vi0 saM0 1241 meM huI. isa kRti meM una zikSAoM kA saMgraha hai jo samaya-samaya para AcArya ne gujarAta ke cAlukyavaMzI rAjA kumArapAla ko dI. dRSTAnta rUpa meM 54 kathAe~ bhI dI gaI haiM. isa krama meM madyapAna ke durguNa batAte huye dvArikAdahana kI kathA tathA tapa kA mahattva batalAte huye rukmiNI kI kathA AI hai.. [5] kaNhacariyaM--prastuta kRti meM jaina-purANoM meM vaNita kRSNa-kathA ko hI prastuta kiyA gayA hai. racayitA tapAgacchIya devendra sUri haiM, jinheM jagaccandrasUri kA ziSya batAyA gayA hai. devendra sUri kA svargavAsa san 1270 meM huA.3 kRti ke mukhya viSaya isa prakAra haiM-vasudevacarita, kaMsa kI janmakathA, kRSNa-baladeva ke pUrva bhava, kRSNa-janma, neminAtha jI ke pUrva bhava va unakA janma, kaMsavadha, dvArikA nagarI kA nirmANa, kRSNa kI agramahiSiyoM kA varNana, pradyumna-janma, pANDavoM kA varNana, jarAsandha se zrIkRSNa kA yuddha, zrIkRSNa kI vijaya, neminAtha-rAjula kA kathAnaka, draupadIharaNa va zrIkRSNa kA use vApisa lauTA lAnA, gajasukumAracarita, thAvaccAputra kA vRttAnta, yAdavoM kI dIkSA, dvArikA-dahana, balarAma va kRSNa kA dvArikA se prasthAna, zrIkRSNa kI mRtyu, baladeva jI kA vilApa va dIkSA, pANDavoM kI dIkSA va neminAtha kA nirvANa Adi. prAkRta kI ukta kRtiyoM ke atirikta AgamoM ke vyAkhyA-sAhitya tathA kathA-saMgrahoM meM, yathA-kathAkoSaprakaraNa, kathAratnakoSa, AkhyAnamaNikoSa Adi meM bhI kRSNa-kathA ke vibhinna prasaMga yatra-tatra vaNita hue haiM. saMskRta kA jaina-kRSNa-sAhitya :-janoM kA saMskRta sAhitya vikrama kI prathama zatAbdI se hI upalabdha hai. caritasAhitya kI dRSTi se saMskRtabhASA kA prathama grantha raviSeNAcArya kRta padmapurANa hai. isakI racanA san 676 meM huI. isameM rAma kI kathA vaNita hai. kaSNa-kathA kI dRSTi se prathama kRti harivaMzapurANa hai. (1) harivaMzapurANa :-jaina-sAhitya meM isa grantha kA eka viziSTa sthAna rahA hai. yaha eka vizAla grantha hai. 66 sargoM meM vibhakta 12 hajAra zloka parimita hai. grantha kA pramukha pratipAdya viSaya tIrthakara neminAtha kA vaMza harivaMza hai. grantha ke 18 veM sarga se lekara 63 veM sarga taka yAdava kula tathA zrIkRSNa kA carita varNana kiyA gayA hai. grantha kA racanAkAla vikrama kI navamI zatAbdI kA madhya bhAga hai. yaha grantha zaka saMvat 705 (vi0 saMvat 840) meM 1. prAkRta aura usakA sAhitya-DA0 haradeva bAharI. 2. prAkRta sA0 kA itihAsa-DA0 jagadIzacandra jaina pR0 505. 3. vahI pR0 561. 4. jinasenakRta harivaMzapurANa kI bhUmikA nAthUrAma premI pR03. V mIND KARRAON ENANININvAjAINENININANINININNINyorg
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________________ 758 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya pUrNa huA.' isake racayitA punnATasaMghIya AcArya jinasena the.2 (2) mahApurANa:-yaha bhI jaina-kRSNa-sAhitya kA eka mahattvapUrNa grantha hai. isake do bhAga haiM--prathama AdipurANa, dvitIya uttara purANa. yaha sampUrNa grantha 76 paryoM meM samApta huA hai. isakI zlokasaMkhyA 20 hajAra pramANa hai. isake prathama 42 parva (sarga) va 43 veM parva ke 3 padya AcArya jinasena ke likhe hue haiM. ye jinasena harivaMzapurANa ke kartA se bhinna haiM. ye paMcastUpAnvaya sampradAya ke the. zeSa grantha AcArya ke prakANDa paNDita va siddhahasta kavi ziSya guNabhadra ne pUrA kiyA. uttarapurANa ke 71, 72, va 73 3 parva meM kRSNa-kathA kA varNana huA hai. uttarapurANa kI samApti zaka saMvat 775 (vi0 saMvat 610) ke lagabhaga batAI jAtI haiM.4 (3) dvisandhAna yA rAghava-pANDavIya mahAkAvya :-kavi dhanaMjaya dvArA likhita yaha eka adbhuta mahAkAvya hai. isake pratyeka padya se do artha prakaTa hote haiM, jinase eka artha meM rAma-kathA tathA dvitIya meM kRSNa-kathA kA sRjana hotA hai. isake 18 sarga haiM. zrInAthUrAmajI premI isa kavi kA samaya vi0 kI AThavIM zatAbdI ke antima caraNa se navIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArddha taka mAnate haiM.5 (4) pradya mnacarita :-lATa-vargaTa saMgha ke AcArya mahAsena isa grantha ke racayitA haiM. isakI racanA kA samaya vi0 saM0 1031 se 1066 ke madhya batAyA jAtA hai. yaha eka khaNDakAvya hai. isake nAyaka zrIkRSNa ke prabala parAkramI putra pradyumnakumAra haiM, jinheM jainaparamparA meM 21vA~ kAmadeva mAnA gayA hai. isakI kathA kA AdhAra jinasenakRta harivaMza purANa hai. yaha prakAzita racanA hai." (2) trizaSThizalAkA-puruSa caritra :-prastuta grantha ke racayitA 'kalikAlasarvajJa' viruda se vibhUSita AcArya hemacandra haiM. DaoN. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla ne AcArya hemacandra ke lie 'madhyakAlIna sAhityasaMskRti ke camakate huye hIre' kA vizeSaNa prayukta kiyA hai.8 inakA samaya vi0 saMvat 1145-1226 nizcita hai. inakI prastuta kRti meM jaina-paramparA meM mAnya 63 zalAkA-puruSoM kA carita-varNana huA hai. (6) mahApurANa :-isake racayitA malliSeNa sUri haiM. ye vividha viSayoM ke paMDita tathA uccazreNI ke kavi the. mahApurANa meM kula do hajAra zloka haiM aura inhIM meM treSaTha-zalAkA puruSoM kI kathA saMkSepa meM vaNita huI hai. yaha vi0 saMvat 1104 kI racanA hai: (7) bhaTTAraka sakalakIrti va usake grantha :-15 vIM zatAbdI meM bhaTTAraka sakalakIti saMskRta ke acche vidvAn aura kavi hue. jayapura ke vibhinna anthabhaNDAroM meM inake likhe kaI granthoM kI hastalikhita pratiyAM upalabdha haiM. kRSNasAhitya kI dRSTi se inake do grantha 'uttarapurANa' va 'pradyumnacarita' ullekhanIya haiM. ye mUlasaMghAnvayI the. (8) bhaTTAraka zubhacandrakRta pANDavapurANa :-mUlasaMgha ke hI bhaTTAraka zubhacandra adbhuta vicAraka, vikhyAta vidvAn tathA prabala tAkika the. inake pANDavapurANa grantha kI prazasti meM inake dvArA racita 25 granthoM kA ullekha huA hai. 1. zAkeSvabdazateSu saptasu dizaM paJcottareSUtarAM. ___ yAtIndrAyudhanAmni kRSNa nRpaje zrI vallabhaM dakSiNAm / / 2. vizeSa vivaraNa ke liye dekhiye nAthUrAma premI : jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa pR0 114. 3. dekhiye mahApurANa (bhAratIya jJAna pITha, kAzI se prakAzita) kA prAstAvika, DA. hIrAlAla va e0 ena0 upAdhye tathA jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa-premI pR0 127. 4. jaina sA0 aura itihAsa-premI pR0 140. 5. vahI pR0 111 (dvitIya saMskaraNa). 6. vahI pR0 412. 7. grantha ratnAkara kAryAlaya, bambaI se prakAzita. 8. premI abhinandana grantha pR0 216. Dherai R MAHATTIMINATICIAL ALLinkICL WHAYALAMRITIERRAHA HAIN URLD Jain Eve RCLirary.org
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________________ mahAvIra koTiyA : jaina kRSNa-sAhitya : 756 kRSNa-sAhitya kI dRSTi se inakA pANDavapurANa bahuta hI ullekhanIya grantha hai. isI grantha se prabhAvita hokara hindI meM bulAkIdAsa ne pANDavapurANa kI racanA kI. yaha grantha vi0 saMvat 1608 meM samApta huA.' (8) hastimalla va unake nATaka :-digambara sampradAya ke sAhityakAroM meM inakA ati mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai. upalabdha jaina saMskRta sAhitya meM ye hI aise lekhaka haiM, jinake likhe nATaka upalabdha haiM. ye vatsagotrI brAhmaNa the tathA samantabhadrakRta devAgamastotra se prabhAvita hokara jaina ho gaye the. hastimalla inakA asalI nAma nahIM thA para eka masta hAthI ko vaza meM karane ke upalakSya meM inheM pANDaya rAjA ne yaha nAma diyA thA. kRSNasAhitya kI dRSTi se inakI 'vikrAntakaurava' tathA 'subhadrA' (arjuna rAja) ye do kRtiyAM ullekhanIya haiM. inakA I0 san 1240 (vi0 saMvat 1347) meM honA nizcita kiyA jAtA hai.2 (10) anya racanAe~:-saMskRta-jaina kRSNasAhitya 17 vIM zatAbdI taka kA upalabdha hai. kucha upalabdha kRtiyoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM : [a] pANDavacarita devaprabhasUri racanA saMvat 1257 [A] pANDavapurANa bhaTTAraka zrIbhUSaNa 1657 [i] harivaMzapurANa 1675 [I] pradyumnacarita somakIrti 1530 pradyumnacarita ravisAgara 1645 ratanacanda 1671 mallibhUSaNa 17 vIM zatAbdI [e] neminirvANa kAvya mahAkavi vAgbhaTa racanA saMvat 1176 ke lagabhaga [o] neminAthapurANa brahma nemidatta [au] neminAthacaritra guNavijaya [gadya grantha] " 1668 [a] harivaMzapurANa bhaTTA0 yazakIrti 1671 apabhraMza kA jaina-kRSNa-sAhitya :-apabhraMza-sAhitya kI racanA meM jainoM kA sarvAdhika yoga rahA hai. upalabdha apabhrazasAhitya kA karIba 80 pratizata bhAga jainAcAryoM dvArA likhA gayA hai. yadyapi apabhraza kA ullekha I0 pU0 dUsarI zatAbdI meM [pAtaJjala mahAbhASya meM milatA hai, parantu isakA sAhitya AThavIM zatAbdI se hI upalabdha hotA hai. upalabdha sAhitya ke prathama kavi svayaMbhU haiM aura kRSNa sAhitya kI dRSTi se bhI vahI prathama kavi haiM. (1) mahAkavi svayaMbhU aura unakA riTaNemicariu :-svayaMbhU vi0 kI AThavIM zatAbdI ke kavi haiM. ye eka siddhahasta kavi the. inakI kavitA atyanta praur3ha, puSTa va prAMjala hai. kRSNa-sAhitya kI dRSTi se riTuNemicariu eka ullekhanIya kRti hai. yaha mahAkAvya hai. isameM 112 saMdhiyAM tathA 1637 kaDavaka haiM. yaha cAra kANDoM meM vibhAjita hai--yAdava, kuru, yuddha aura uttara. kRSNajanma, bAla-lIlA, kRSNa ke vibhinna vivAha, pradyumna, sAmba Adi kI kathA, nemijanma Adi yAdavakANDa meM vaNita hue haiM. (2) tisaTThi mahApurisa guNAlaMkAra :-yaha apabhraMza ke sarvazreSTha kavi puSpadanta kI racanA hai. puSpadanta ke kAvya ke viSaya meM premI jI kA yaha kathana uddhRta karanA hI paryApta hogA-unakI racanAoM meM jo oja, jo pravAha, jo rasa aura 2. dekhiye-vAcaspati gairolA-saMskRta sA0 kA itihAsa pR0 361-62 tathA premI-jaina sA0 aura itihAsa pR0 383-84. 2. vizeSa vivaraNa ke liye dekhiye-jaina sA0 aura itihAsa pR0 364-370. 3. apabhraMza sAhitya-DA0 harivaMza kochaDa pR0 1. 4. vizeSa vivaraNa ke liye dekhiye-vahI pR067-72 tathA nAthUrAma premI-jaina sA0 aura itihAsa-pR0 118, 166. POIN INE ACINEARN Jain la Sinelibrary.org
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________________ 760 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya jo saundarya hai, vaha anyatra durlabha hai. bhASA para unakA asAdhAraNa adhikAra hai. unake zabdoM kA bhaNDAra vizAla hai aura zabdAlaMkAra va arthAlaMkAra donoM se unakI kavitA samRddha hai" : prastuta racanA eka mahAkAvya hai. isameM 102 sandhiyA~ haiM. isameM jaina-paramparA meM mAnya treSaTha zalAkA puruSoM kA caritavarNana huA hai. 81 se 12 taka kI sandhiyoM meM harivaMzapurANa kI prasiddha jaina-kathA ko padyabaddha kiyA gayA hai. isakI racanA 656-665 I0 meM huI : (3) harivaMzapurANa :-jayapura ke bar3e terApaMthiyoM ke mandira meM upalabdha kavi dhavala kRta prastuta kRti kRSNa-kAvya kI dRSTi se ullekhanIya hai. isakA kathAnaka jaina-paramparAgata hai aura mukhyataH jinasena (prathama) kRta harivaMzapurANa (saMskRta) para AdhArita hai. isa grantha meM 122 sandhiyA~ haiM. yaha 10 vIM zatAbdI kI racanA hai. (4) sakalavidhinidhAna kAvya :-Amera (rAjasthAna) zAstrabhaNDAra meM isakI hastalikhita prati upalabdha hai. grantha kA pramukha viSaya vidhividhAnoM evaM ArAdhanAoM kA ullekha va vivecana hai. dhArmika bhAvanAoM ko vyakta karane ke liye prAcIna kathAoM aura upAkhyAnoM kA Azraya liyA gayA hai. grantha meM 58 sandhiyA~ haiM. 36 vIM sandhi meM mahAbhArata yuddha kA ullekha hai. isake racayitA nayanaMdI haiM. kRti kA racanAkAla 1100 ke lagabhaga anumAna kiyA gayA hai : (5) pajjuNNacariu :-prastuta kRti 15 sandhiyoM kI khaNDakAvya koTi kI racanA hai. isameM zrIkRSNa ke putra pradyumna kA carita varNana huA hai. isake racayitA kavi siMha (13 vIM zatA0 vi0 prAraMbha) the. kucha logoM kA anumAna hai ki mUlagrantha siddha nAmake kisI kavi kI racanA hai, kyoMki grantha kI prathama ATha sandhiyoM meM kavi kA nAma siddha milatA hai, bAda meM siMha. saMbhava hai siMha kavi ne mUlagrantha kA uddhAra kiyA ho : (6) NemiNAhacariu :-NemiNAhacariu eka khaNDakAvya hai. isameM 4 sandhiyAM va 83 kar3avaka haiM. grantha kA mukhya viSaya zrIkRSNa ke cacere bhAI tathA jaina-paramparA ke 22 veM tIrthaMkara neminAtha kA carita hai. isa grantha ke racayitA lakhamadeva (lakSmaNadeva) haiM. grantha kI racanA 15 vIM zatAbdI ke uttarakAla meM huI, kyoMki vi0 saM0 1510 kI likhI eka hastalikhita prati upalabdha hai. kavi ne svayaM racanAkAla kA koI nirdeza nahIM kiyA hai. (7) mahAkani yazakIrti va unake grantha :-yazakIrti 15 vIM zatAbdI ke uttarakAla ke kavi haiM. kRSNa-sAhitya kI dRSTi se unake do grantha 'pANDavapurANa' va 'harivaMzapurANa' ullekhanIya haiM. inameM pANDavapurANa ko kavi ne kArtika zuklA aSTamI budhavAra vi0 saMvat 1467 meM samApta kiyA. harivaMzapurANa kI samApti bhAdrapada zuklA ekAdazI guruvAra vi0 saMvat 1500 meM huI. pANDavapurANa meM 34 sandhiyA~ tathA harivaMzapurANa meM 13 sandhiyAM va 267 kaDavaka haiM. kAvyadRSTi se harivaMzapurANa acchI racanA hai : (8) zrutakIrti kA harivaMzapurANa :-kavi zrutakIrtikRta harivaMzapurANa kI hastalikhita pratilipi jayapura (Amera) ke zAstrabhaNDAra meM upalabdha hai. yaha kavi 16 vIM zatAbdI ke madhya meM hue the. inake do grantha abhI prakAza meM Ae haiM. (1) harivaMzapurANa (2) parameSThiprakAza. harivaMza meM 44 sandhiyA~ haiM: DaoN0 kochar3a ne ise mahAkAvyoM meM ginA hai.6 kRSNa-carita kA varNana karane vAle apabhraMza ke ukta kAvya hI abhI taka prakAza meM Aye haiM. apadaMza sAhitya kI khoja ke sAtha aura bhI kucha graMtha prakAza meM AveM, aisI pUrI saMbhAvanA hai. 1. nAthUrAma premA-jaina sA0 aura itihAsa pR0 525. 2. vistRta vivaraNa ke liye dekhiye-DA0 kochar3a-apabhraMza sAhitya pR0 72-85. 3. apabhraMza sAhitya-DA0 harivaMza kochaDa pR0 175. 4. paM0 paramAnanda jaina kA lekha-anekAnta 8 / 1011 / pR0 391. 5. apabhraMza sAhitya-DA0 harivaMza kochar3a pR0 118-122. 6. bahI pR0 128-28 *** *** *** . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .niiiiiiiiii....................irninin......... JainERDONTAbl....................... nuvataaPEN U S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . Hin-library.org
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________________ mahAvIra koTiyA : jaina kRSNa-sAhitya : 461 hindI-jaina-kRSNa sAhitya :-hindI bhASA meM jaina-sAhityakAroM dvArA racita bahuta sAhitya upalabdha hai aura dinapratidina jaise-jaise jaina-bhaNDAroM kI khojabIna kI jA rahI hai, nayA-nayA sAhitya prakAza meM AtA jA rahA hai. pichale kucha hI varSoM meM hindI kA jaina-sAhitya (vidvAnoM ke athaka parizrama ke phalasvarUpa) bahuta bar3e parimANa meM prakAza meM AyA hai. jahA~ taka hindI ke AdikAlika sAhitya kA prazna hai, ina khojoM ke phalasvarUpa bahuta hI majedAra pariNAma sAmane Aye haiM. prAyaH zukla jI Adi hindI ke vidvAnoM ne AdikAlika hindI sAhitya meM jina kRtiyoM kI ginatI kI thI,' Adhunika khojoM ke AdhAra para unameM se kucha ko chor3akara sabhI kRtiyAM saMdigdha siddha ho gaI haiM tathA bahuta kAla bAda kI racanA batAI jAne lagI haiM. unake sthAna para bahuta sI navIna kRtiyA~ AdikAlika sAhitya meM pratiSThita ho rahI haiM. unameM adhikAMza kRtiyAM jaina racanAkAroM kI haiM. jahAM taka hindI ke jaina-kRSNa-sAhitya kA prazna hai, yaha vipula mAtrA meM upalabdha hai. isa sAhitya kI eka bar3I vizeSatA yaha hai ki yaha adhikAMza meM prabandhakAvya kI koTi kA hai, jaba ki jainetara hindI-kRSNa-sAhitya mukhyata: muktaka hai. punaH hindI-jaina-kRSNa-sAhitya meM kRSNa ke vyaktitva kA bar3A bhavya citraNa huA hai. jainetara hindI sAhitya ke kRSNa jahA~ gopIjanavallabha, rAdhAdhara-sudhApAna-zAli-banamAlI aura 'horI khelana vAle lalA' haiM, vahA~ hindI jaina-kRSNa-sAhitya ke zrIkRSNa mahAn parAkramI va zaktizAlI rAjA haiM. ve vAsudeva haiM aura adhama tathA AtatAyI puruSoM ke bhAra se pRthvI ko mukta karane vAle haiM. ve gopiyoM ke sAtha yamunAtaTa para rAsalIlA karate nahIM ghUmate, ve to nirvikAra puruSa haiM. vesaThazalAkA puruSoM meM unakA anyatama sthAna hai. pichale 2-3 varSoM se hindI jaina kRSNa-sAhitya kI khoja ke daurAna koI AdhA saikar3A hastalikhita pustakeM upalabdha huI haiM. inameM kucha to kAvya kI dRSTi se ati suMdara haiM tathA bhASA-zAstra kI dRSTi se bhI unakA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai. vizeSatayA AdikAla kI kAlAvadhi meM racita pustakoM kA to apanA hI mahattva hai. hindI-jana-kRSNa sAhitya para svataMtra rUpa se bahuta kucha likhA jA sakatA hai. isa choTe se lekha meM usake viSaya meM kucha thor3A-sA ullekha bhara diyA jA rahA hai. isa dRSTi se ki pAThaka ko 'jaina-kRSNa-sAhitya' kA eka hI sthAna para paricaya mila sake. prastuta lekha kA kalevara bhI kAphI bar3ha gayA hai, isalie hindI-jaina-kRSNa-sAhitya kI vibhinna kRtiyoM kA vizeSa rUpa se ullekha na karate hue sUcI mAtra de denA paryApta hogA. graMtha ke nAma ke sAtha lekhaka kA nAma, racanA saMvat tathA upalabdhi kA sthAna bhI diyA jA rahA hai. krama saM0 racanA kA nAma racayitA samaya upalabdhi kA sthAna 1. neminAtharAsa sumatigaNi vi0saM0 1270 hastalikhita prati jaisalamera durga sthita bhaNDAra meM upalabdha 2. gayasukumAlarAsa delhaNa 1315-25 hastalikhita prati jaisalamera durga sthita bar3e bhaNDAra meM upalabdha 3. paMcapANDavacaritarAsa zAlibhadrasUri 1410 gurjara rAsAvalI gA0o0 sIrIja bar3audA, pR01-34 tathA 'Adi kAla ke ajJAta hindI rAsa kAvya' pR0 126 58 para upalabdha. 4. pradyumnacarita sadhAru 1411 jaina zodha saMsthAna, jayapura se prakAzita, 5. balabhadra rAsa yazodhara vi0 saM0 1585 di0 jaina mandira bar3A, udayapura nemijinezvararAso brahmarAyamalla 1615 di0 jaina mandira paTaudI 7. pradyumnarAso 1628 di0 jaina mandira lUNakaraNajI pAMDyA, jayapura 1. (1) khumANarAso (2) vIsaladevarAso (3) pRthvIrAjarAso (4) jayacaMda prakAza (5) jayamayaMkajasa candrikA (6) paramAlarAso (7) raNamala chanda (8) khusaro kI paheliyA~ (8) vidyApati kI padAvalI. * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
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________________ 762 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya krama saM0 racanA kA nAma racayitA samaya upalabdhi kA sthAna 8. pradyumna caupaI kamalakezara 1626 6. neminAtha rAso rUpacanda 1643 ke Asa pAsa 10. zAmba pradyumnarAsa samayasundara gaNi 1656 pratilipi Amera zAstra bhaNDAra 11. harivaMzapurANa (hi0 gadya) 1671 12. harivaMzapurANa (padya) zAlivAhana 1665 di0 jaina mandira pallivAloM kA dhUliyAgaMja AgarA / 13. nemizvara ko rasa bhAU kavi 1666 di. jaina mandira nayA bairAThiyAM kA jayapura 14. neminAtharAsa ratnakIrti 1666 15. zAmbapradyumnarAsa jJAnasAgara 17 vIM zatAbdI 16. pradyumna prabandha devendrakIti 1722 Amera bhaNDAra, jayapura 17. rUkmaNi kRSNajI ko rAsa niparadAsa 1736 (pra.li.) di0 jaina mandira godhoM kA, jayapura pANDavapurANa bulAkIdAsa 1754 vi0 saM0 Amera zAstra bhaNDAra 19. pANDava caritra lAbhavarddhana 1768 di0 jaina mandira saMghIjI, jayapura 20. nemIzvararAsa nemicandra 1766 Amera zAstra bhaNDAra 21. harivaMzapurANa khuzAlacanda kAlA 1780 zAstrabhaNDAra lUNakarajI pAMDyA mandira, jayapura 22. uttarapurANa 1766 saugANiyoM kA di0 jaina mandira karaulI, 23. neminAthacaritra ajayarAja pATanI 1763 di. jaina mandira TholiyoM kA, jayapura 24, nemijI kA caritra Ananda 1804 di0 jaina mandira, jobanera 25. pradyumnarAsa mAyArAma 1818 26. harivaMzapurANa (hi0gadya) daulatarAma 1826 prakAzita 27. pradyumnacaritra bUlacanda 1843 seTha ke kUcA kA di0 jaina mandira, dillI 28. zAmbapradyumnarAsa harSavijaya 1845 nemicandrikA manaraMgalAla 1857 di0 jaina mandira bar3A terApanthI, jayapura 30. devakI kI DhAla lUNakaraNa 1885 (lipi saMvat) di0 jaina mandira DabalAnA kAsalIvAla ullikhita granthoM ke atirikta 20vIM zatAbdI ke hindI gadya meM anuvAdita bahuta se graMtha upalabdha haiM. kucha nAma isa prakAra haiM. (31) nemipurANa bhASA-bhAgacanda (32) nemipurANabhASA-vakhatAvaramala (3) pradyumnacarita bhASA-jvAlAprasAda, vakhatAvarasiMha (34) pANDavapurANa-pannAlAla caudharI (35) rAghavapANDavIya TIkA-caritravarddhana (36) nemipurANa bhASA-udayalAla (37) neminAtha caritra-kAzIrAma (38) pANDavapurANa TIkA-ghanazyAmadAsa nyAyatIrtha (36) pradyumnacaritra--zItalaprasAda (40) pradyumnakumAra (padyamaya)-amolakaRSijI mahArAja (gadyasaMskaraNazobhAcandra bhArillakRta) (41) uttarapurANavacanikA-pannAlAla dUnI vAle (42) pradyumnacarita-bakhtAvaramalaratanalAla (43) pradyumnacarita bacanikA--mannAlAla bainAr3A. jaina-kaviyoM ke kRSNa sambandhI pada bhI bahuta bar3I saMkhyA meM upalabdha haiM. ina kaviyoM meM banArasIdAsa, dyAnatarAya, bhaiyA bhagavatIdAsa, budhajana, bhUdharadAsa, paM0 mahAcandra prabhRti kaviyoM ke sundara pada milate haiM. 26.
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________________ Jain Educatio DA0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla zAstrI, ema0 e0, pI-eca0 DI0 rAjasthAnI jaina saMtoM kI sAhitya sAdhanA bhAratIya itihAsa meM rAjasthAna kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai. eka ora yahA~ kI bhUmi kA kaNa-kaNa vIratA evaM zaurya ke liye prasiddha rahA hai to dUsarI ora bhAratIya sAhitya evaM saMskRti ke gauravasthala bhI yahA~ paryApta saMkhyA meM milate haiM. yadi rAjasthAna ke vIra yoddhAoM ne janmabhUmi kI rakSArtha ha~sate-ha~sate prANoM ko nyochAvara kiyA to yahA~ hone vAle sAdhu-saMtoM, AcAryo evaM vidvAnoM ne sAhitya kI mahatI sevA kI aura apanI racanAoM evaM kRtiyoM dvArA janatA meM dezabhakti, kartavyaniSThA evaM naitikatA kA pracAra kiyA. yahA~ ke raNathambhaura kumbhalagar3ha, citaur3a, bharatapura, mohora jaise durga yadi vIratA dezabhakti evaM sthAna ke pratIka haiM to jaisalamera, nAgaura, bIkAnera ajamera, jayapura, Amera, dUMgarapura, sAgavAr3A, ToDArAyasiMha Adi kitane hI grAma evaM nagara rAjasthAnI graMthakAroM, sAhityopAsakoM evaM santoM ke pavitra sthala haiM. inhoMne aneka saMkaToM evaM jhaMjhAvAtoM ke madhya bhI sAhitya kI amUlya dharohara ko surakSita rakhA. vAstava meM rAjasthAna kI bhUmi pAvana evaM mahAn hai tathA usakA pratyeka kaNa vandanIya hai. rAjasthAna kI isa pAvana bhUmi para anekoM vidvAn saMta hue jinhoMne apanI kRtiyoM dvArA bhAratIya sAhitya ke bhaNDAra ko itanA adhika bharA ki vaha kabhI khAlI nahIM ho sakatA. yahA~ santoM kI paramparA calatI hI rahI, kabhI usameM vyavadhAna nahIM AyA. saguNa evaM nirguNa donoM hI bhakti kI dhArAoM ke saMta yahA~ hote rahe aura unhoMne apane AdhyAtmika pravacanoM, gIti kAvyoM evaM muktaka chandoM dvArA jana-jAgaraNa ko uThAye rakhA. isa dRSTi se mIrA, dAdUdayAla, sundaradAsa Adi ke nAma ullekhanIya haiM. idhara jaina santoM kA to rAjasthAna saikar3oM varSoM taka kendra rahA hai. DUMgarapura, sAgavAr3A, nAgaura, Amera, ajamera, bIkAnera, jaisalamera, cittaur3a Adi ina santoM ke mukhya sthAna the, jahA~ se ve rAjasthAna meM hI nahIM kintu bhArata ke anya pradezoM meM bhI vihAra karake apane jJAna evaM AtmasAdhanA se jana-sAdhAraNa kA jIvana U~cA uThAne kA prayAsa karate. ye santa vividha bhASAoM ke jJAtA hote the tathA bhASA - vizeSa se kabhI moha nahIM rakhate the. jisa kisI bhASA meM janatA dvArA kRtiyoM kI mAMga kI jAtI usI bhASA meM ve apanI lekhanI calAte tathA use apanI AtmAnubhUti se pariplAvita kara dete. kabhI ve rAsa evaM kathA-kahAnI ke rUpa meM tathA kabhI phAgu, beli, zataka evaM bArahakhar3I ke rUpa meM pAThakoM ko adhyAtma-rasa pAna karAyA karate. saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza, hindI, rAjasthAnI evaM gujarAtI Adi sabhI bhASAe~ inakI apanI bhASA rahIM prAntavAda ke jhagar3e meM ve kabhI nahIM par3e, kyoMki ina santoM kI sAhityaracanA kA uddezya sadaiva hI Atma unnati evaM janakalyANa rahA. lekhaka kA apanA vizvAsa hai ki veda, smRti, upaniSad purANa, rAmAyaNa evaM mahAbhArata kAla ke RSiyoM evaM santoM ke pazcAt bhAratIya sAhitya kI jitanI sevA evaM usakI surakSA jaina santoM ne kI hai utanI adhika sevA kisI sampradAya athavA dharma ke sAdhuvarga dvArA nahIM ho sakI hai. rAjasthAna ke ina santoM ne svayaM to vividha bhASAoM meM saikar3oM hajAroM kRtiyoM kA sarjana kiyA hI kintu apane pUrvavartI AcAryoM, sAdhuoM, kaviyoM evaM lekhakoM kI racanAoM ko bhI bar3e prema zraddhA evaM utsAha se saMgraha kiyA. eka-eka graMtha kI anekAneka pratiyA~ likhavA kara vibhinna graMtha bhaNDAroM meM virAjamAna kI aura janatA ko unheM par3hane evaM svAdhyAya ke liye protsAhita kiyA. rAjasthAna ke Aja saikar3oM hastalikhita graMthabhaNDAra unakI sAhitya sevA ke jvalaMta udAharaNa haiM. jaina santa sAhitya saMgraha kI dRSTi se kabhI jAtivAda evaM sampradAya ke cakkara meM nahIM par3e kintu jahAM se bhI anA evaM ne htt ty.org
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________________ 764 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya kalyANakArI sAhitya upalabdha huA vahIM se usakA saMgraha karake zAstra-bhaNDAroM meM saMgrahIta kiyA gayA. sAhitya-saMgraha kI dRSTi se inhoMne sthAna-sthAna para graMthabhaNDAra sthApita kiye. inhIM santoM kI sAhityika sevA ke pariNAmasvarUpa rAjasthAna ke jaina graMthabhaNDAroM meM 1-2 lAkha hastalikhita graMtha aba bhI upalabdha hote haiM. graMthasaMgraha ke atirikta inhoMne jainetara vidvAnoM dvArA likhita kAvyoM evaM anya graMthoM para TIkAe~ likhIM aura unake paThana-pAThana meM sahAyatA pahu~cAI. rAjasthAna ke jainagraMtha-bhaNDAroM meM akele jaisalamera ke jaina graMtha-saMgrahAlaya hI aise saMgrahAlaya haiM jinakI tulanA bhArata ke kisI bhI prAcIna evaM bar3e se bar3e graMtha-saMgrahAlaya se kI jA sakatI hai. unameM adhikAMza tAr3apatra para likhI huI pratiyAM haiM aura ve sabhI rASTra kI amUlya saMpatti haiM. tAr3apatra para likhI huI itanI prAcIna pratiyAM anyatra milanA sambhava nahIM hai. zrI jinacandra sUri ne saMvat 1467 meM bRhad jJAnabhaNDAra kI sthApanA karake sAhitya kI saikar3oM amUlya nidhiyoM ko naSTa hone se bacAyA. jaisalamera ke ina bhaNDAroM ko dekhakara karnala TADa, DA. bUhara, DA0 jaikobI jaise pAzcAtya vidvAn evaM bhANDArakara, dalAla, jaise bhAratIya vidvAn Azcaryacakita raha gaye. droNAcAryakRta opaniyukti vRtti kI isa bhaNDAra meM sabase prAcIna prati hai jisakI saMvat 1117 meM pAhila ne pratilipi kI thI.' jainAgamoM evaM graMthoM kI pratiyoM ke atirikta daNDi kavi ke kAvyAdarza kI saMvat 1161 kI, mammaTa ke kAvya-prakAza kI saMvat 1215 kI, rudraTa kavi ke kAvyAlaMkAra para nami sAdhu kI TIkA sahita saMvat 1206, evaM kuttaka ke vakroktijIvita kI 14vIM zatAbdI kI mahattvapUrNa pratiyAM saMgrahIta kI huI haiM. vimala sUri kRta prAkRta ke mahAkAvya paumacariya kI saMvat 1204 kI jo prati hai vaha saMbhavata: aba taka upalabdha pratiyoM meM prAcInatama prati hai. isI taraha udyotana sUrikRta kuvalayamAlA kI prati bhI atyadhika prAcIna hai jo saMvat 1261 kI likhI huI hai. kAlidAsa, mAgha, bhAravi, harSa, halAyudha, bhaTTI Adi mahAkaviyoM dvArA racita kAvyoM kI prAcInatama pratiyA~ evaM unakI TIkAe~ yahA~ ke bhaNDAroM ke atirikta Amera, ajamera, nAgaura, bIkAnera ke bhaNDAroM meM bhI saMgrahIta haiM. nyAyazAstra ke granthoM meM sAMkhyatattvakaumudI, pAtaMjalayogadarzana, nyAyabindu, nyAyakaMdalI, khaMDana-khaMDakhAdya, gotamIya nyAyasUtravRtti Adi kI kitanI hI prAcIna evaM sundara pratiyAM jaina saMtoM dvArA pratilipi kI huI ina bhaNDAroM meM saMgrahIta haiM. nATaka sAhitya meM mudrArAkSasa, beNIsaMhAra, anargharAghava evaM prabodhacandrodaya ke nAma ullekhanIya haiM. jainasaMtoM ne kevala saMskRta evaM prAkRta sAhitya ke saMgraha meM hI ruci nahIM lI kintu hiMdI evaM rAjasthAnI racanAoM ke saMgraha meM bhI utanA hI prazaMsanIya parizrama kiyA. kabIradAsa evaM unake paMtha ke kaviyoM dvArA likhA huA adhikAMza sAhitya Aja Amera zAstrabhaNDAra meM milegA. isI taraha pRthvIrAja rAso, vIsaladeva rAso kI mahattvapUrNa pratiyAM bIkAnera evaM koTA ke zAstra-bhaNDAroM meM saMgrahIta haiM. kRSNa-rukmaNibeli, rasikapriyA evaM vihArIsatasaI kI to gadyapadya TIkA sahita kitanI hI pratiyA~ ina bhaNDAroM meM khoja karane para prApta huI haiM. rAjasthAna ke ye jaina saMta sAhitya ke sacce sAdhaka the. AtmaciMtana evaM AdhyAtmika carcA ke atirikta inheM jo bhI samaya milatA, ve usakA pUrA sadupayoga sAhityaracanA meM karate the. ve svayaM graMtha likhate, dUsaroM se likhavAte evaM bhaktoM ko likhavAne kA upadeza dete. apanI racanAoM ke anta meM isa taraha ke kArya kI atyadhika prazaMsA karate. isake do udAharaNa dekhiye 1. jo paDhai paDhAvai eka cittu, sai lihai lihAvai jo Nirutta / zrAyaNNaI maNNaiM jo pasatthu, paribhAvai ahiNisu eu satthu / jippai Na kasAyahi iMdiehiM, to liyai Na so pAsaMDiehi / taho dukkiya kammu asesu jAi, so lahai mokkha sukkhabhAvai ||-shriicndr kRta ratnakaraNDa 2. manohAra prabandha e guthyo kari viveka / pradya mana guNa sUtrikarI, saba vana kusuma aneka // 10 // 1. saMvat 1197 maMgala mahAzrI ||6|| pAhilena likhitam maMgala mahAzrI. Papelibrary.org Jain Education Intematona
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________________ Jain Education Inter DA0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla : rAjasthAnI jaina saMtoM kI sAhitya-sAdhanA : 765 bhavINa guNi kaMThi karo, eha apUrava hAra / ghari maMgala lakSmI ghaNI, puNya taNo nahiM pAra ||11|| bhaNi bhaNAti sAMbhali, likhi likhAvai eha / devendra kIrti gacchatI kahi, svarga mukti lahi teha | - bha0 devendra kIrti kRta pradyumnaprabandha isI taraha kavi sadhAru ne to graMtha ke par3hane par3hAne likhane aura likhavAne kA jo phala batalAyA hai vaha aura bhI AkarSaka hai : pehu caritu jo koha, sonara svarga devatA ho / haluvai dharmma khapai so deva, mukati varaMgaNi mAgai emba // 667 // jo phuNi sui manaha dhari bhAu, asubha karma te dUri hi jAi / deva paradavaNu // mahAguNa rAthu | jora vakhANai mANusu kavaNu, tahi kahu tUsaha aru likhi jo likhiyAbai sAdhu, so sura hoi jora paDhAi guNa kiu vilaDa, so nara pAvai yahu cariMtu puMna bhaMDArU, jo varu tahi paradamaNu tuhI phala, deha, saMpati kaMcaNa bhalau || 668 || paDhai su nara maha sAru / putru avaru jasu hoI // 700 // graMthoM kI pratilipi karane meM bar3A parizrama karanA par3atA thA. zuddha pratilipi karanA, sundara evaM suvAcya akSara likhanA evaM dina bhara kamara jhukAye graMthalekhana kA kArya pratyeka ke liye saMbhava nahIM thA. use to santa evaM saMyamI vidvAn hI sampanna kara sakate the. isaliye ve grantha ke anta meM kabhI-kabhI usakI surakSA ke liye nimna zabdoM meM pAThakoM kA dhyAna AkarSita kiyA karate the. bhagnapRSTi kaTigrIvA, vakradRSTiradho mukham / ka ena likhitaM zAstraM vAle paripAlayet // ina saMtoM ke surakSA ke vizeSa niyamoM ke kAraNa rAjasthAna meM graMthoM kA eka vizAla saMgraha milatA hai. kitane hI graMthasaMgrahAlaya to aba bhI aise haiM jinakI kisI bhI vidvAn dvArA chAnabIna nahIM kI gaI hai. lekhaka ko rAjasthAna ke graMthabhaNDAroM para zodha nibandha likhane ke avasara para rAjasthAna ke 100 bhI se adhika bhaNDAroM ko dekhane kA saubhAgya prApta ho cukA hai. yadi muslimayuga meM dharmAnya zAsakoM dvArA isa zAstra bhaNDAroM kA vinAza nahIM kiyA jAtA evaM hamArI hI lAparavAhI se saikar3oM hajAroM graMtha cUhoM, dImaka evaM zIna se naSTa nahIM hote to patA nahIM Aja kitanI adhika saMkhyA meM ina bhaNDAroM meM graMtha upalabdha hote ! phira bhI jo kucha avaziSTa haiM unakA hI yadi vividha dRSTiyoM se adhyayana kara liyA jAve, unakI samyak rIti se graMthasUciyAM prakAzita kara dI jAveM tathA pratyeka adhyayanazIla vyakti ke liye ve sulabha ho sakeM vo hamAre AcAryoM, sAdhuoM evaM kaviyoM dvArA kI huI sAhitya-sAdhanA kA vAstavika upayoga ho sakatA hai. jaisa mera, nAgaura, bIkAnera,purU, Amera, jayapura, ajamera, bharatapura, kAmA Adi sthAnoM ke saMgrahIta paMcabhaNDAroM kI Adhunika paddhati se vyavasthA honI cAhie. unheM risarca keMdra banA diyA jAnA cAhiye jisase prAkRta, apabhraMza, saMskRta, hindI evaM rAjasthAnIya bhASA para risarca karane vAle vidyArthiyoM dvArA unakA sahI rUpa se upayoga kiyA jA sake. kyoMki ukta sabhI bhASAoM meM likhita adhikAMza sAhitya rAjasthAna ke ina bhaNDAroM meM upalabdha hotA hai. yadi tADapatra para likhI huI prAcInatama pratiyA~ jaisalamera ke graMtha bhaNDAroM meM saMgrahIta haiM to kAgaja para likhI huI saMvat 1319 kI sabase prAcIna prati jayapura ke zAstra bhaNDAra meM saMgrahIta haiM. abhI kucha varSa pUrva jayapura ke eka bhaNDAra meM hindI kI eka atyadhika prAcIna kRti jinadatta caupaI ( racanA kAla saM0 1354) upalabdha huI hai jo hindI bhASA kI eka anupama kRti hai. Tala Gorg
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________________ 566 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya Awwwwwwwww prasannatA kI bAta hai ki idhara 10-15 varSoM se bhArata ke vibhinna vizvavidyAlayoM meM jaina sAhitya para bhI risarca kiyA jAnA prArambha huA hai. vidyArthiyoM kA udhara aura bhI adhika jhukAva ho sakatA hai yadi hama ina bhaNDAroM ko zodhakendra (Research Centres) ke rUpa meM parivartita kara deM aura unako apane zodhaprabandha likhane meM pUrI suvidhAeM pradAna kareM. aba yahAM rAjasthAna ke kucha pramukha santoM kI bhASAnusAra sAhityika sevAoM para prakAza DAlA jA rahA hai : prAkRta-apabhraMza sAhitya jambUdvIpapaNNatti ke racayitA AcArya padmanaMdi rAjasthAnI santa the. isameM 2386 prAkRta gAthAe~ haiM jinameM jambUdvIpa kA varNana kiyA gayA hai. prajJapti kI racanA vArA [koTA] nagara meM huI thI. una dinoM mevAr3a para rAjA zakti yA sakti kA zAsana thA aura vArAM mevAr3a ke adhIna thA. graMthakAra ne apane Apako vIranaMdi kA praziSya evaM balanaMdi kA ziSya likhA hai. haribhadra sUri rAjasthAna ke dUsare santa the jo prAkRta evaM saMskRta bhASA ke jabardasta vidvAn the. inakA sambandha cittaur3a se thA. AgamagraMthoM para unakA pUrNa adhikAra thA. inhoMne anuyogadvAra sUtra, Avazyaka sUtra, dazavakAlika sUtra, nandIsUtra, prajJApanA sUtra Adi Agama-graMthoM para saMskRta meM vistRta TIkAe~ likhIM aura unake svAdhyAya meM vRddhi kI. nyAyazAstra ke ye prakANDa vidvAn the. inhoMne anekAnta-jayapatAkA, anekAntavAdapraveza jaise dArzanika graMthoM kI racanA kI. samarAiccakahA prAkRtabhASA kI inakI sundara kathAkRti hai jo gadya-padya donoM meM hI likhI huI hai. isameM 6 prakaraNa haiM jinameM paraspara virodhI do puruSoM ke sAtha-sAtha calane vAle 6 janmAntaroM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai. isakA prAkRtika varNana evaM bhAvacitraNa donoM hI sundara haiM. dhUrtAkhyAna bhI inakI acchI racanA hai. haribhadra sUri ke yogabindu evaM yogadRSTisamuccaya bhI darzanazAstra kI acchI racanAe~ mAnI jAtI haiM. mahezvara sUri bhI rAjasthAnI santa the. inakI prAkRta bhASA kI jJAnapaJcamIkahA tathA apabhraMza kI 'saMyamamaMjarIkahA' prasiddha racanAeM haiM. jaina dRSTikoNa se likhI gaI, donoM hI kRtiyoM meM kitanI hI sundara kathAe~ haiM. jJAnapaMcamIkahA meM jayasena, naMda, bhadrA, vIra, kamala guNAnurAga, vimala, dharaNa, devI aura bhaviSyadatta kI kathAeM haiM. kathAeM sundara, rocaka evaM dhArApravAha meM varNita haiM tathA eka bAra prArambha karane ke pazcAt use chor3ane ko mana nahIM cAhatA. apabhraza ke prasiddha kavi hariSeNa bhI cittaur3a ke nivAsI the. inake pitA kA nAma govarddhana thA. dhakkar3a unakI jAti thI tathA zrI ujapura se unakA nikAsa huA thA. inhoMne apanI kRti 'dhammaparikkhA' saMvat 1044 meM acalapura meM samApta kI thI. dhammaparikkhA apabhraza kI sundara kRti hai jisakI 11 saMdhiyoM meM 100 kathAoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai. yaha kathA-kRti jaina samAja meM bahuta priya rahI. rAjasthAna meM isakA vizeSa pracAra thA. isalie yahA~ ke kitane hI graMthabhaNDAroM meM isa kRti kI pANDulipiyAM milatI haiM. dhammaparikkhA ke atirikta rAjasthAna ke graMtha-saMgrahAlayoM meM apabhraMza bhASA kI 100 se bhI adhika racanAe~ milatI haiM. svayambhU, puSpadanta, vIra, nayanandi, siMha, lakSmaNa [lAkhU] raidhU Adi kaviyoM kI racanAeM rAjasthAna meM vizeSa rUpa se priya rahI haiM. yahA~ ke bhaTTArakoM evaM yatiyoM ne apabhraza kRtiyoM kI pratilipiyA~ karavA kara bhaNDAroM meM sthApita karane meM vizeSa ruci lI aura yaha paramparA 15 vIM zatAbdI se 17 vIM zatAbdI taka adhika rahI. apabhraza kI ina kRtiyoM ke liye jayapura, Amera evaM nAgaura ke bhaNDAra vizeSata: ullekhanIya haiM. apabhraza sAhitya kA adhikAMza bhAga inhIM bhaNDAroM meM saMgrahIta hai.' saMskRta sAhitya rAjasthAna ke adhikAMza saMta saMskRta ke bhI vidvAn the. saMskRta sAhitya se unheM vizeSa ruci thI aura isa bhASA meM unhoMne zrAvakoM ke liye purANa, kAvya, caritra, kathA, stotra evaM pUjA sAhitya kA bhI sRjana kiyA thA. 17 vIM zatAbdI 1. apabhraMza granthoM ke paricaya ke liye dekhiye lekhaka dvArA saMpAdita 'prazastisaMgraha'. * * * * * * * swamirmware 8.00 . . . . . . . dia . . . . . . . . . .iA... . . . . . . Jain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . ...............ITT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T TTTEDi..............iiiiiiiiTVINDImplibrary.org .. .
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________________ DA0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla : rAjasthAnI jaina saMtoM kI sAhitya-sAdhanA : 767 taka saMskRta racanAoM ko par3hane kI janasAdhAraNa meM vizeSa ruci rahI, isIlie prAkRta evaM apabhraza graMthoM para bhI saMskRta meM TIkAe~ evaM TippaNa likhe jAte rahe. kisI viSaya para yadi navIna racanAoM kA likhA jAnA saMbhava nahIM huA to prAcIna sAhitya kI pratilipiyA~ karavA kara bhaNDAroM meM rakhI gayI. rAjasthAna ke siddharSi saMbhavataH prathama jaina saMta the jinhoMne upadezamAlA para saMskRtaTIkA likhI aura 'upamitibhavaprapaMca kathA' ko saMvat 662 meM samApta kiyA. candrakevalicarita inakI eka aura racanA hai jise inhoMne saMvat 974 meM pUrNa kiyA thA. 12 vIM zatAbdI meM hone vAle AcArya hemacandra se bhI rAjasthAnI janatA kama upakRta nahIM hai. inake dvArA likhe huye sAhitya kA isa pradeza meM vizeSa pracAra rahA. yahI kAraNa hai unake dvArA nibaddha sAhitya donoM hI sampradAyoM ke zAstrabhaNDAroM meM samAna rUpa se pAyA jAtA hai. hemacandrAcArya saMskRta ke udbhaTa vidvAn the aura unhoMne jo kucha isa bhASA meM likhA vaha pratyeka dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa hai. 15 vIM zatAbdI meM rAjasthAna meM bhaTTAraka sakalakIrti kA udaya vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya hai. sakalakIrti saMskRta ke prakAMDa vidvAna the. ye pahile muni the aura bAda meM inhoMne apane Apako bhaTTAraka ghoSita kiyA thA tathA saMvat 1462 meM galiyAkoTa meM eka bhaTTAraka gAdI kI sthApanA kI. inhoMne 28 se bhI adhika saMskRta racanAyeM likhI jo rAjasthAna ke vibhinna graMthabhaNDAroM meM upalabdha hotI haiM. sakalakIti ke pazcAt unakI paramparA meM hone vAle bhaTTAraka bhuvanakIrti, brahma jinadAsa, bhaTTAraka jJAnabhUSaNa, vijayakIti zubhacanda, sakalabhUSaNa, sumatikIrti, vAdibhUSaNa Adi aneka ziSya saMskRta ke prasiddha vidvAn the. ina santoM ne saMskRta bhASA ke kitane hI graMtha likhe, zrAvakoM se Agraha karake graMthoM kI pratilipiyA~ karavAI aura zAstra-bhaNDAroM meM virAjamAna kI. brahma jinadAsa kI 12 se adhika racanAe~ milatI haiM jinameM rAmacarita [padmapurANa], harivaMzapurANa evaM jambUsvAmIcarita ke nAma ullekhanIya haiM. bhaTTAraka jJAnabhUSaNa kI akelI tattvajJAnataraMgiNI [saM0 1560] unakI saMskRta kI vidvattA ko batalAne ke liye paryApta hai. zubhacandra to apane samaya ke prasiddha bhaTTAraka the. inakI saMskRta racanAe~ prArambha se hI lokapriya rahI haiM. inakI 24 saMskRta racanAe~ to upalabdha ho cukI haiM. ye SaTbhASAkavicakravartI kahalAte the. tathA vividha-vidyAdhara [zabdAgama, yuktyAgama tathA paramAgama ke jJAtA the. inakI prasiddha kRtiyoM meM candraprabhacaritra, karakuNDacaritra, kAttikeyAnuprekSA TIkA, jIvandharacarita, pAMDavapurANa, zreNikacaritra, cAritrazuddhividhAna Adi ke nAma ullekhanIya haiM. AcArya somakIrti 15 vIM zatAbdI ke udbhaTa vidvAn the. ye kASThAsaMgha meM honevAle 87 veM bhaTTAraka the tathA bhImasena ke ziSya the. inhoMne saMskRta bhASA meM saptavyasanakathA, pradyumnacaritra, evaM yazodharacaritra racanAe~ kI. tInoM hI lokapriya racanAe~ haiM aura zAstrabhaNDAroM meM milatI haiM. hindI ke prasiddha vidvAn bra0 rAyamalla ne bhaktAmarastotra kI vRtti likhakara apanI saMskRtavidvattA kA paricaya diyA. bra. kAmarAja ne sakalakIrti ke AdipurANa ko dekhakara saM0 1560 meM jayapurANa kI racanA kI. senagaNa ke prasiddha bhaTTAraka somasena ne varATa nagara meM zaka saMvat 1656 meM padmapurANa kI racanA kI. Ayurveda ke prasiddha graMtha yogacintAmaNi ke saMgrahakartA the nAgapurIya tapogaccha ke saMta harSakIti sUri. isa graMtha kA dUsarA nAma vaidyakasArasaMgraha bhI hai. isa graMtha kI pratiyA~ rAjasthAna ke bahuta se bhaNDAroM meM upalabdha hotI haiM. 15 vIM zatAbdI meM jinadattasUri ne jaisalamera meM bRhad jJAnabhaNDAra kI sthApanA kI. ye saMskRta ke acche vidvAn the. inake ziSya kamalasaMyamopAdhyAya ne saMvat 1544 meM uttarAdhyayana para saMskRta TIkA likhI. inake atirikta jaisalamera meM aura bhI kitane hI santa huye jo saMskRta ke acche vidvAn the. idhara Amera, jayapura, zrImahAvIrajI, ajamera evaM nAgaura bhI bhaTTArakoM ke kendra rahe. ye adhikAMza bhaTTAraka saMskRta ke vidvAn hote the. inake dvArA likhavAye bahuta se graMtha rAjasthAna ke kitane hI bhaNDAroM meM upalabdha hote haiM. hindI va rAjasthAnI sAhitya rAjasthAna meM hindI evaM rAjasthAnI bhASA meM kAvyaracanA bahuta pahile se prArambha ho gaI thI. janasAdhAraNa kI isa bhASA kI ora ruci dekhakara jaina santoM ne hindI evaM rAjasthAnI bhASA ko apanA liyA aura isameM choTI racanAe~ * * * * -- . . . . . . / . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jain Educa . O . . . . . . I !!! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... paideubary.org ...........TTTTTTy.org . . . . . . . . . . . .
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________________ 018 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya likhI jAne lagI. yadyapi 17-18 vIM zatAbdI taka apabhraza meM kRtiyAM likhI jAtI rahIM evaM saMskRtagraMthoM ke paThanapAThana meM janatA kI utanI hI ruci banI rahI jitanI pahile thI, kintu 13-14 vIM zatAbdI se hI janasAdhAraNa kI ruci hindI racanAoM kI ora bar3hatI gayI aura usameM naye-naye graMtha likhe jAte rahe aura unheM zAstra-bhaNDAroM meM virAjamAna kiyA jAtA rahA. rAjasthAna meM hindI kA prathama santa kavi kauna thA, yaha to abhI khoja kA viSaya hai aura isameM vidvAnoM ke vibhinna mata ho sakate haiM, lekina itanA avazya hai ki yahA~ 13 vIM zatAbdI se apabhraMza racanAoM ke sAthasAtha hindI racanAyeM bhI likhI jAne lagIM. rAjasthAna meM jana santoM ne hindI ko usa samaya apanAyA thA jaba isa bhASA meM likhanA vidvattA se pare mAnA jAtA thA tathA ise saMskRta ke vidvAn dezI bhASA kaha kara sambodhita kiyA karate the. kintu jaina santoM ne unakI kucha bhI paravAha nahIM kI aura janasAdhAraNa kI icchA evaM anurodha ko dhyAna meM rakha kara hindI sAhitya kA sarjana karate rahe. pahile yaha kArya choTI-choTI racanAoM se prArambha kiyA gayA phira rAsa, carita, beli, phAgu, purANa evaM kAvya likhe jAne lage. 14 vIM zatAbdI meM likhA huA jinadatta caupaI hindI kA sundara kAvya hai jo kucha hI samaya pahile jayapura ke eka jaina bhaNDAra meM upalabdha huA hai. pada stavana evaM stotra bhI khUba likhe jAne lage. phira vyAkaraNa, chaMda, alaMkAra, vaidyaka, gaNita, jyotiSa, nIti, aitihAsika aupadezika, saMvAda Adi viSayoM ko bhI nahIM chor3A gayA aura inameM acchA sAhitya likhA gayA. hindI evaM rAjasthAnI bhASA kA yaha sArA sAhitya rAjasthAna ke zAstrabhaNDAroM meM saMgrahIta hai. hindI evaM rAjasthAnI meM likhA huA ina santoM kA sAhitya abhI ajJAta avasthA meM par3A huA hai aura usa para bahuta kama prakAza DAlA jA sakA hai. rAjasthAna meM saikar3oM jaina saMta huye haiM jinhoMne pratyakSa yA apratyakSa rUpa se sAhitya kI mahatI sevA kI hai. lekina hama pramAdavaza unakI amUlya sevAoM ko bhUlA baiThe haiM. aba sAhitya ko zAstra-bhaNDAroM meM athavA AlmAriyoM meM baMda karake rakhane kA samaya nahIM hai kintu use vinA kisI Dara athavA hicakicAhaTa ke vidvAnoM evaM pAThakoM ke sAmane rakhane kA hai. bharatezvara bAhubali rAsa saMbhavataH prathama rAjasthAnI kRti hai jo jaina santa zAlibhadra sUri dvArA 13 vIM zatAbdI meM likhI gayI. isameM prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ke putra bharata evaM bAhubalI ke jIvana kA saMkSipta citraNa hai. bharata evaM bAhubalI ke yuddha kA rocaka varNana hai. isake pazcAt vijayasena sUri kA revaMtagirirAsa (saM0 1288) sumatigariNa kA neminAtha rAsa (saM0 1270) vinayaprabha kA gautama rAsa (saM0 1412) Adi kitane hI rAsa likhe gaye. 15 vIM zatAbdI se to hindI evaM rAjasthAnI sAhitya meM racanAoM kI eka bAr3ha-sI AgayI. bhaTTAraka sakalakIti ne saMskRta meM racanAeM nibaddha karane ke sAtha-sAtha kucha racanAeM rAjasthAnI bhASA meM bhI likhI, jisase usa samaya kI sAhityika ruci kA patA lagatA hai. sakalakIrti kI rAjasthAnI racanAoM meM ArAdhanA-pratibodhasAra, muktAvaligIta, NamokAragIta, sArasikhAmaNirAsa Adi ke nAma ullekhanIya haiM. sakalakIti ke eka ziSya brahma jinadAsa ne 60 se bhI adhika racanAe~ likhakara hindI sAhitya meM eka nayA udAharaNa prastuta kiyA. ina racanAoM meM kitanI hI racanAyeM to tulasIdAsa kI rAmAyaNa se bhI adhika bar3I haiM. inakI rAma-sItA ke jIvana para bhI eka se adhika racanAeM haiM. brahma jinadAsa kI abataka 33 rAsA graMtha 2 purANa, 7 gota evaM stavana, 6 pUjAeM evaM 7 sphuTa racanAeM upalabdha ho cukI haiM. ina racanAoM meM rAmasItArAsa, zrIpAlarAsa, yazodhararAsa, bhaviSyadatta rAsa, paramahaMsarAsa, harivaMzapurANa, AdinAtha purANa Adi ke nAma ullekhanIya haiM. bhaTTAraka sakalakIti kI ziSya-paramparA meM hone vAle sabhI bhaTTArakoM ne hindI bhASA meM racanAe~ likhane meM paryApta ruci lI. kharatara gaccha ke AcArya jinarAjasUri ke ziSya mahopAdhyAya jayasAgara 15-16 vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAn the. inhoMne rAjasthAnI bhASA meM 32 se bhI adhika racanAyeM likhIM jinameM vinatI, stavana evaM stotra Adi haiM. RSivarddhana sUri kI naladamayantIrAsa [saM0 1512] pramukha racanA hai. matisAgara 16 vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAn the. rAjasthAnI bhASA meM inakI kitanI hI racanAeM upalabdha haiM jinameM dhannArAsa [saM01514] neminAtha vasaMta, mayaNarehArAsa, ilAputra caritra, neminAthagIta Adi ke nAma ullekhanIya haiM. AM an Jain Ede 97 DANDrary.org
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________________ DA. kastUracanda kAsalIvAla : rAjasthAnI jaina saMtoM kI sAhitya-sAdhanA : 766 brahma bUcarAja 16 vIM zatAbdI ke prasiddha kavi the. mayaNa-jujjha inakI prathama racanA thI jo inhoMne saMvat 1584 meM samApta kI thI. inake anya graMthoM meM santoSa-tilaka jayamAla, cetana pudgaladhamAla Adi ullekhanIya racanAeM haiM. ye donoM hI rUpaka racanAeM haiM jo nATaka sAhitya ke antargata AtI haiM. santa vidyAbhUSaNa rAmasena paramparA ke yati the. inhoMne sojata nagara meM bhaviSyadatta rAsa ko saMvat 1600 meM samApta kiyA thA. dharmasamudra gaNi khataragacchIya vivekasiMha ke ziSya the jinhoMne 'sumitra kumArarAsa' ko jAlaura meM saMvat 1567 meM tathA 'prabhAkara guNAkara caupaI' ko saMvat 1573 meM mevAr3a pradeza meM samApta kiyA hai. zakuMtalA rAsa inakI bahuta choTI racanA hai jo saMbhavata: isa taraha kI prathama racanA hai. pAvacaMdra sUri apane samaya ke prabhAvazAlI santa kavi the. inhoMne 50 se adhika racanAeM rAjasthAnI bhASA ko samarpita karake sAhityasevA kA sundara udAharaNa upasthita kiyA. inakA janma saMvat 1538 meM tathA svargavAsa saMvat 1612 meM huA thA. rAjasthAna ke anya santa kaviyoM meM vinayasamudra, kuzalalAbha, harikalaza, kanakasoma, hemaratnasUri Adi ke nAma ullekhanIya haiM. kuzalalAbha kharataragaccha ke santa the. inake dvArA likhI huI 'mAdhavAnala caupaI' [saM0 1616] evaM 'DholA-mAravaNarI caupaI' rAjasthAnI bhASA kI atyadhika prasiddha racanAeM haiM jo lokakathAnakoM para AdhArita haiM. isI taraha harikalaza bhI isI kharataragaccha ke sAdhu the jo apane samaya ke prasiddha vidvAnoM meM se the. inakA adhikatara bihAra jodhapura evaM bIkAnera pradeza meM huA aura apane jIvana meM 27-28 racanAeM likhIM. sabhI racanAeM rAjasthAnI bhASA kI haiM. 17 vIM zatAbdI ke prArambha meM brahmarAyamalla eka acche saMta huye jinakI hanumata caupaI, bhaviSyadattakathA, pradyumnarAsa, sudarzana rAsa Adi atyadhika prasiddha evaM lokapriya racanAeM haiM. inhoMne sthAna-sthAna para ghUma kara kAvyaracanA kI aura janasAdhAraNa kA isa ora dhyAna AkRSTa kiyA. inhoMne gar3haharasaura, gar3ha raNathambhaura evaM sAMgAnera Adi sthAnoM kA apanI racanAoM meM acchA varNana kiyA hai. Anandaghana AdhyAtmika santa the. inakI Anandadhana bahottarI evaM Anandaghana caubIsI uccastara kI racanAeM haiM. vidvAnoM ke matAnusAra inakA janma saMvat 1660 evaM mRtyu saMvat 1730 meM huI thI. brahma kapUracaMda ne saMvat 1667 meM pAzrvanAtharAso ko samApta kiyA thA. inake kitane hI pada bhI milate haiM. inakA janma Anandapura meM huA thA. harSakIti bhI 17 vIM zatAbdI ke prasiddha rAjasthAnI kavi the. 'caturgati veli' inakI prasiddha racanA hai jise inhoMne saMvat 1683 meM samApta kiyA thA. inakI anya racanAoM meM SaTlezyAkavitta, paMcamagati beli, karmahiMDolanA, sImaMdhara kI jakar3I, neminAtha rAjamatI gIta, moraDA Adi ullekhanIya haiM. inake kitane hI pada bhI milate haiM jo bhakti evaM vairAgya rasa se otaprota haiM. samayasundara rAjasthAnI bhASA ke acche vidvAna the. zrI hajArIprasAda jI dvivedI ke zabdoM meM kavi kA jJAnaparisara bahuta hI vistRta hai. vaha kisI bhI varNya viSaya ko vinA AyAsa ke sahaja hI sambhAla letA hai. inhoMne saMskRta meM 25 tathA hindI rAjasthAnI bhASA meM 23 graMtha likhe. inhoMne sAta chattIsiyoM kI bhI racanA kI. kavi bahumukhI pratibhA evaM asAdhAraNa yogyatA vAle vidvAn the. inhoMne sindha, paMjAba, uttarapradeza. rAjasthAna, saurASTra, gujarAta Adi prAntoM meM vihAra kiyA aura unameM vihAra karate huye vibhinna graMthoM kI racanA bhI kI. rAjasthAna meM inhoMne sabase adhika bhramaNa kiyA aura apane samaya meM eka sAhityika vAtAvaraNa-sA banAne meM saphala huye. ye saMgIta ke bhI acche jAnakAra the aura apanI racanAoM ko kabhI-kabhI gAkara bhI sunAyA karate the. rAjasthAna kA bAgaDa pradeza gujarAta prAnta se lagA huA hai. isalie gujarAta meM honevAle bahuta se bhaTTAraka evaM santa rAjasthAna pradeza ko bhI pavitra karate apane caraNa-kamaloM se. yahA~ sAhitya racanA karate evaM apane bhaktoM ko unakA rasAsvAdana karAte. ina santoM meM bha0 ratlakIrti, bha0 kumudacandra, bha0 abhayacaMdra, bha0 abhayanaMdI, bha0 zubhacandra, brahma jayasAgara, muni kalyANakIrti, zrIpAla, gaNeza Adi saMskRta hindI evaM rAjasthAnI bhASA ke acche vidvAn the. inakI kitanI hI racanAe~ rikhabadeva, DUMgarapura, sAgavADA evaM udayapura ke zAstrabhaNDAroM meM upalabdha huI haiM. ratnakIti ke neminAtha phAga, neminAtha bArahamAsA evaM kitane hI pada ullekhanIya haiM. unake padoM meM miThAsa evaM bhakti kA rasAsvAdana CAN JainEduAAPS ETV wrandfainelibrary.org CACE O4
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________________ 770 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya karane ko milatA hai. nemirAjula ke vivAha se sambandhita prasaMga hI inakI racanAoM kA evaM padoM kA mukhya viSaya hai. eka pada dekhiye: rAga-dezAkha sakhi ko milAvo nemi nariMdA / / tA bina tana mana yauvana rajata hai, cAru caMdana aru candA / / sakhi0 / / kAnana bhuvana mere jIyA lAgata, dusaha madana ko phaMdA / tAta mAta aru sajanI rajanI ve ati dukha ko kandA / sakhi0 // tuma to saMkara sukha ke dAtA, karama kATa kiye maMdA / ratanakIrati prabhu parama dayAlu sevata amara nariMdA / sakhi0 / / kumudacandra kI sAhitya-sAdhanA apane guru ratnakIti se bhI Age bar3ha cukI thI. ye bAraDolI ke jaina santa ke nAma se prasiddha the. inakI aba taka kitanI hI racanAyeM prApta ho cukI haiM. inakI bar3I racanAoM meM AdinAtha vivAhalo, nemIzvara hamacI evaM bharatabAhubali chanda haiM. zeSa racanAyeM pada, gIta evaM vinatioM ke rUpa meM haiM. inake pada sajIva haiM. unameM kavi kI antarAtmA ke darzana hone lagate haiM. zabdoM kA cayana evaM artha kI saralatA unameM spaSTa najara AtI hai. eka pada dekhiye: maiM to narabhava vAdi gamAyo, na kiyo japa tapa vrata vidhi sundara, kAma bhalo na kamAyo / maiM to0 // 1 // vikaTa lobha teM kapaTa kUTa karI, nipaTa viSa lapaTAyo / viTala kuTila zaTha saMgati baiTho, sAdhu nikaTa vighaTAyo / maiM to0 // 2 // kRpaNa bhayo kachu dAna na dIno, dina dina dAma milAyo / jaba jovana jaMjAla paDyo taba paratriyA tanu cita lAyo / maiM to0 // 3 // aMta samaya kou saMga na Avata jhUThahiM pApa lgaayo|| kumudacandra kahe cUka parI mohI prabhu pada jasa nahIM gAyo / maiM to0 // 4 // ina bhaTTArakoM ke ziSya-praziSya bhI sAhitya ke paramasAdhaka the aura unakI kitanI hI racanAyeM upalabdha hotI haiM. vAstava meM vaha yuga saMtasAhitya kA yuga thA. idhara Amera, ajamera evaM nAgaura meM bhI bhaTTArakoM kI gAdiyA~ thIM aura vahA~ ke bhaTTAraka apane-apane kSetroM meM sAhitya evaM saMskRti kI jAgRti ke liye vihAra kiyA karate the. dillI ke bhaTTArakapaTTa se Amera kA sIdhA sambandha thA aura vahIM se nAgaura evaM gvAliyara meM bhaTTArakoM ke svatantra paTTa sthApita huye the. bha0 surendrakIti [saM0 1722] bha0 jagatkIti [saM0 1733] evaM bha0 devendrakIti [saM0 1770] kA paTTAbhiSeka Amera meM hI huA thA. ye saba jaina santa the aura sAhitya ke sacce upAsaka the. Amera zAstrabhaNDAra, nAgaura evaM ajamera ke bhaTTArakIya zAstrabhaNDAra inhIM bhaTTArakoM kI sAhitya-sevA kA saccA svarUpa haiM. saMvata 1800 se Age ina santoM meM vidvattA kI kamI Ane lagI. ve navIna racanA karane ke sthAna para prAcIna racanAoM kI pratiyoM ko punaH likhavA kara bhaNDAroM meM saMgrahIta karane meM hI adhika vyasta rahe. yaha bhI unakI sAhityopAsanA kI eka sahI dizA thI jisake kAraNa bahuta se graMthoM kI pratiyA~ hameM Aja ina bhaNDAroM meM surakSita rUpa meM milatI haiM. isa prakAra rAjasthAna ke ina jaina santoM ne bhAratIya sAhitya kI jo apUrva evaM mahatI sevA kI vaha itihAsa ke svarNima pRSThoM meM likhane yogya hai. unakI isa sevA kI jitanI adhika prazaMsA kI jAegI kama hI rahegI. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ DA0 harivallabha cunIlAla bhASAhI ema0 e0, pI-eca0 DI0, prAdhyApaka bhAratIya vidyAbhavana, bambaI tIna ardhamAgadhI zabdoM kI kathA jainadharma aura darzana ke mUla srota hone ke kAraNa to jaina Agama graMtha amUlya haiM hI. isake atirikta kevala aitihAsika dRSTi se bhI Agamagata sAmagrI kA aneka vidha mahattva sarva vidita hai. bhAratIya AryabhASAoM ke krama vikAsa ke adhyayana ke lie Agamika bhASA eka ratna bhaNDAra sI hai. isa dRSTi se ardhamAgadhI ko lekara bahuta se vidvAnoM ne vivaraNAtmaka, tulanAtmaka aura aitihAsika anusandhAna kiyA hai. magara bahuta kucha kArya aba bhI anusaMdhAyakoM kI pratIkSA kara rahA haivizeSa karake aneka Ayamika zabdoM ke sUkSma arthaleza ke viSaya meM aura unake arvAcIna hindI, gujarAtI Adi bhASAoM ke zabdoM se saMbandha ke viSaya meM gaveSaNA ke lie vistRta avakAza hai. isa viSaya kA mahattva jitanA arvAcIna bhASAoM ke itihAsa kI dRSTi se hai utanA hI ardhamAgadhI ko rasika aura paricita banAne kI dRSTi se bhI haiyahA~ para tIna ardhamAgadhI zabdoM kI isa taura para carcA karane kA irAdA hai. ye zabda haiM--piTThaDI - 'ATe kI loI, uttuppiya - 'cupaDA huA, 'cikanA' aura payaNa - 'kaDAhI. Wan 1 piDI 'nAyAdhammakA aGga ke tIsare adhyayana 'aNDaka' meM moranI ke aMDoM ke varNana meM aMDoM ko puSTa, niSpanna, vraNarahita, akSata aura 'piTThaDIpaMDura' kahA gayA hai. isa vizeSaNa meM 'piTTuDI' kA artha abhayadevasUri ne isa prakAra kiyA hai-- piSTasya - zAlilohasya - uMDI piNDI' phalasvarUpa ukta vizeSaNa kA artha hogA 'cAvala ke ATe ke piNDa jaisA zveta'. 'piTTuDI' zabda piTTha + uMDI se banA hai. 'piTTha' = saM0 'piSTa'. 'piSTa' kA mUla artha hai 'pIsA huA,' bAda meM usakA artha huA 'cUrNa' aura phira 'anna kA pUrNa marAThI 'pITha' (ATA), hindI poThI' gujarAtI 'pIThI' Adi kA sambandha isa 'piSTa' - 'piTTha' ke sAtha hai. 'nAja ke cUrNa' isa artha vAle 'ATA' 'loTa' (gujarAtI) aura 'pITha' ina tInoM zabdoM kA mUla artha kevala 'cUrNa' thA. inake prAkRta rUpa the- 'aTTa', 'loTTa' aura 'piTTha'. 7 zeSa 'uMDI' kA artha hai 'piNDikA' yA 'choTA piNDa'. jaise yahA~ para 'piTThUDa' meM 'uMDa' kA prayoga 'piTTha' ke sAtha huA hai vaise oghaniryuktibhASya meM 'uMDa' kA vistArita rUpa 'uMDaga' 'maMsa' ke sAtha ( maMsauMDaga) aura vipAkazruta meM 'hiyaya' (hRdaya) ke sAtha 'hiyayauMDaya' huA hai. piNDaniryukti meM 'maMsuMDaga' rUpa milatA hai. isake atirikta nAyAdhammakA ke paMdrahaveM adhyayana meM 'bhicchaMDa' zabda 'bhikhArI' artha meM prayukta hai. isa meM 'bhikSA + uMDa' aise avayava haiM aura inase 'bhikSApi para nirvAha karane vAlA' aisA artha pratIta hotA hai. 'misTa' ke sthAna para 'bhisuMDa' aura 'bhikkhoMda' bhI milate haiM. saMskRta meM 'uNTuka' (zarIra kA eka avayava) aura 'uNDeraka' (piSTaviNDa) ke prayoga milate haiM. arvAcIna bhASAoM meM marAThI 'ThaMDA' (loI) aura ThaMDI (mAta kA piNDa), gujarAtI 'maMDala' (gulma roga') tathA sihatI 'u' (da) meM evaM hindI 'gar3A' (saM0 mAMsoNDaka, prA0 maMDapa meM 'uMDa' zabda surakSita hai. Tarnara anusAra "uMDa' mUla meM drAvir3I zabda hai. tamila meM 'uNTai' malayAlam meM 'uNDA', aura kannar3a meM 'uNDe' ye zabda 'geMda' yA 'gola piNDa' ke artha meM pracalita haiM. ina saba se 'piTThUDI' kA ( cAvala ke ) 'ATe kI loI' yaha artha samarthita hotA hai. Jain Education Internation For Private Persormi-Use Only
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________________ 772 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya 2 uttuppiya praznavyAkaraNasUtra meM tIsare adharmadvAra meM caurikA ke phalavarNana meM vadhasthAna kI ora jAte samaya cauroM kI bhayabhIta dazA citrita karate kahA gayA hai: maraNa-bhauppaNNa-seda-aAyata-Nehuttappiya-kilinna-gattA / 'jina ke gAtra maraNa-bhaya se utpanna sveda ke sahajAta sneha se lipta aura bhIge hue haiM.' yahA~ para 'uttuppiya' zabda 'sneha-lipta' 'cikanA' isa artha meM AyA hai. vipAkazrata meM bhI isakA prayoga huA hai. jJAtadharmakathA meM, kalpasUtra meM, gAthAsaptazatI meM 'cupar3A huA' 'lipta' isa artha meM, oghaniyukti-bhASya meM 'snigdha' isa artha meM tathA 'setubandha' Adi meM 'ghI' isa artha meM 'tuppa' zabda prayukta hai. hemacandrAcArya ne dezInAmamAlA meM 'tuppa' ke 'mrakSita' 'snigdha' aura 'kutupa' artha die haiM. abhidhAnarAjendrakoSa meM 'tuppagga' (jisakA agrabhAga mrakSita hai) aura 'tuppoTTha' (jisakA oSTha mrakSita hai) die haiM. aprabhaMza sAhitya meM 'tuppa' ke kaI prayoga milate haiM. 'tuppa' se nAma dhAtu 'uttuppa' banA aura isake karmaNi bhUtakRdaMta 'uttuppiya' kA artha hai 'snigdha padArtha se lipta'. aise 'ud' lagAkara kriyApada banAne kI prakriyA prAkRta 'udhUliya' (-udhUlita, dhUlilipta) uddhRviya (uddhUpita) ityAdi meM hai. 'tuppa' se isI artha meM 'tuppaliya' (ghRtalipta, cikanA) banA hai, aura 'gAthAsaptazatI' meM isakA prayoga hai. 'tuppa' se siddha marAThI 'tUpa' zabda 'ghI' artha meM abhI pracalita hai. kannar3a meM bhI isI artha meM 'tuppa' zabda vyavahRta hotA hai. mUla mRkSaNa vAcaka 'tuppa' coppaDa' aura 'makkhaNa' (saM0 mrakSaNa) zabda bAda meM 'ghI' 'tela' 'makkhana' jaise snigdha padArthoM ke vAcaka bana gae haiM. 3 payaNa 'nAyAdhammakahA' ke 'zailaka' adhyayana meM azuci vastra kI zuddhi-kriyA ke varNana meM kahA gayA hai ki ... .......ke bAda vastra ko 'payaNaM aruheI'. vRttikAra ne artha kiyA hai 'pAkasthAne cUllyAdau vA''ropayati'. yaha to bhAvArtha huA. kyoMki vastra ko pAkasthAna meM athavA cUlhe para car3hAne se 'pacana' kA sAmAnya artha samajhA jAtA hai. car3hAne kI kriyA para bala dene se lagatA hai ki yahA~ 'payaNa' yA pacana zabda prakriyA ke artha meM nahIM, para sAvana ke artha meM lenA ucita hai. 'pacana' 'pakAne kA pAtra'. cUlhe para kar3AhI meM garama pAnI meM malina vastra ko ubAlane se usakI svacchatA siddha hotI hai. sUtrakRtAGganiyukti meM tathA jIvAjIvAbhigamasUtra meM 'payaNa' yA 'payaNaga' kA 'pacana-pAtra' ke artha meM prayoga hai hI. arvAcIna bhASAoM meM gujarAtI peNI' (kar3AhI), 'peNo' (kaDAhA) evaM nepAlI panI' (-madya nithArane kA baratana) mUlata: prAkRta ke 'payaNa' saM0 'pacana' se niSpanna hue haiM. arvAcIna prayoga ke AdhAra para kisI ne saMskRta meM bhI' 'pacanikA' zabda banA diyA hai. isa taraha Agama-graMthoM ke aneka zabdoM ke itihAsa kI zRMkhalA pravartamAna bhASAoM paryanta avicchinna rUpa meM calI AI jAna par3atI hai. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ zrIambAlAla premacanda zAha jainazAstra aura maMtravidyA pratyeka vyakti ko aizvarya prApta karane kA AkarSaNa banA rahatA hai. use prApta karane ke lie vaha vividha bauddhika aura zArIrika parizrama karatA rahatA hai. vidyA, mantra aura yoga kI siddhiyoM ke camatkAra aise hI prayatna haiM. vidyA aura mantra meM thor3A pharka hai. 'vidyA' kucha tAMtrika prayoga aura homa karane se siddha hotI hai aura usakI adhiSThAtrI strI devatA hotI hai, jabaki 'maMtra' sirpha pATha karane se siddha hotA hai aura usakA adhiSThAtA puruSa devatA rahatA hai. athavA gupta saMbhASaNa ko 'maMtra' kahate haiM. 'yoga' arthAt kisI jAduI prayoga dvArA AkarSaNa, mAraNa, uccATana, rogazAMti vagairaha yA pairoM meM lepa lagAkara U~ce ur3ane kI, pAnI kI sataha para calane kI cAmatkArika zakti Adi kI prApti. jainoM meM maMtravidyA kA pracalana kaba se huA, yaha kahanA muzkila hai. jainoM ke Agama-sAhitya meM cAmatkArika prayogoM ke viSaya meM aneka nirdeza milate haiM. aisA mAnA jAtA hai ki caudaha pUrvo meM jo dasavA~ 'vidyAnuvAda' pUrva thA, usameM aneka maMtra prayogoM kA varNana thA, parantu vaha pUrva Aja upalabdha nahIM hai. usameM se kitaneka maMtra aura unake prayoga paramparA se cale Aye, ve pichale graMthoM meM saMgrahIta dekhane meM Ate haiM. 'maNi-mantrauSadhAnAmacintyaH prabhAvaH' yaha ukti bhI jainAcAryoM ne prAmANika ThaharAI hai. Aja jo AgamagraMtha milate haiM unameM se 'bRhatkalpasUtra' meM koUa, bhUi, pAsiNa, pasiNApasiNa, nimitta jaise jAdUI vidyA ke ullekha milate haiM. 'bhagavatIsUtra' se jAnA jAtA hai ki, gozAla mahAnimitta ke ATha aMgoM-1 bhauma, 1 utpAta, 3 svapna, 4 AMtarikSa, 5 aMga, 6 svara, 7 lakSaNa aura 8 vyaJjana meM pAraMgata thA. vaha logoM ke lAbha-hAni, sukha-duHkha, jIvana-maraNa vagairaha kI bhaviSyavANI kara sakatA thA. 'sthAnAMgasUtra' aura 'samavAyAMgasUtra' meM isa mahAnimittazAstra ko pApazruta ke antargata batAyA hai, to bhI aneka vidyAoM ke nirdeza Agama ke bhASya, cUNi aura TIkA Adi sAhitya meM milate haiM. labdhi aura labdhidhAriyoM ke ullekha bhI paryApta pramANa meM prApta hote haiM. jisakA nAma jAnane meM nahIM AyA aise eka jainAcArya 'aMgavijjA' nAmaka vizAlakAya (9000 zlokapramANa) grantha kI racanA kareM, taba isa vidyA aura zAstra kA mahattva svayaM siddha ho jAtA hai. eka pahAvalI ke ullekha se jJAta hotA hai ki rAjagacchIya abhayasiMhasUri nAmaka jainAcArya duHsAdhya 'aMgavidyA' zAstra ko artha sahita jAnate the. labdhidhArI yA mAMtrikoM meM se kitaneka jainAcAryoM ke nAma suprasiddha haiM. aisI siddhiyoM ke kAraNa unhoMne prAbhAvika AcAryoM ke rUpa meM pratiSThA prApta kI hai. yAda rahe ki, jainoM meM jo ATha prakAra ke prAbhAvika kahe gaye haiM unameM nimittavAdI bhI eka hai. Arya surakSita, supratibuddha, siddha rohaNa, revatImitra, zrIgupta, kAlikAcArya, Arya khapuTAcArya, pAdaliptasUri, siddhasena divAkara vagairaha prAcIna AcAryoM ke nAma maMtravAdI ke rUpa meM mukhya rUpa se ginAye jA sakate haiM. prAcIna AcAryoM meM ajJAtakartRka 'aMgavijjA' aura 'jayapAhuDa' ina nimitta aura cUDAmaNinimitta zAstra ke graMthoM ke sivAya kisI ne maMtrazAstra kI racanA kI ho, aisA jAnane meM nahIM AtA. navIM aura dasavIM zatAbdI ke bAda hue kitaneka zvetAmbara AcAryoM meM bappabhaTTisUri, hemacandrasUri, bhadraguptasUri, jinadattasUri, sAgaracandrasUri, jinaprabhasUri, siMhatilakasUri vagairaha AcAryoM ke race hue kitaneka maMtramaya stotra, kalpa aura choTI racanAyeM milatI haiM. jaba ki digambara jainAcArya 7 / / Jain Edu ery.org
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________________ 774 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya malliSeNasUri ne 'vidyAnuvAda' aura 'bhairava padmAvatIkalpa' jaise bar3e graMtha aura AyazAstra kA 'AyasadbhAva' aura 'jagatsundarI prayogamAlA' jaise tAMtrika graMthoM kI racanA kI hai yaha ullekhanIya hai. kahA jAtA hai ki unameM nirdiSTa maMtra aura vidyA vidyApravAda' pUrva meM vidyamAna thIM. jainAcAryoM ke race hue kathA Adi aneka granthoM meM mantravAdiyoM ke pracura varNana prApta hote haiM. 'kuvalayamAlA' meM jo eka siddha puruSa kA ullekha milatA hai use aMjana, maMtra, taMtra, yakSiNI, yoginI Adi deviyA~ siddha thIM. 'AkhyAnakamaNikoza' meM bhairavAnanda kA varNana, 'pArzvanAthacarita' meM bhairava kA varNana, 'mahAvIracarita' meM ghoraziva kA varNana, 'kathAratnakoza' meM jogAnanda aura bala vagairaha ke varNana milate haiM, ve vaisI hI maMtravidyA ke sAdhaka puruSa the. 'bRhatkalpasUtra' vidhAna karatA hai ki - "vijjA-maMta-nimitte heusasthaTTadasaNaTThAe // " arthAt-darzanaprabhAvanA kI dRSTi se vidyA, mantra, nimitta aura hetuzAstra ke adhyayana ke liye koI bhI sAdhu dUsare AcArya yA upAdhyAya ko guru banA sakatA hai.. 'nizIthasUtra-cUNi' meM to AjJA dI hai ki vijjagaM ubhayaM seve ti-ubhayaM nAma pAsasthA gihatthA, te vijjA-maMta-jogAdiNimittaM seve|" (1-70) arthAt-vidyA-maMtra aura yoga ke adhyayanArtha pAsatthA sAdhu evaM gRhasthoM kI bhI sevA karanI cAhie. spaSTa hai ki, jainazAsana kI rakSA ke liye maMtra, taMtra, nimitta jAnanA jarUrI thA parantu usakA durupayoga karane kA niSedha thA. A0 bhadrabAhusvAmI ko Arya sthUlibhadra ko pUrvo kA jJAna dete hue unake dvArA kiye gaye vidyA ke durupayoga ke kAraNa daMDasvarUpa dUsarI vidyAe~ nahIM dene kA nirNaya lenA par3A thA. yaha tathya sUcana karatA hai ki, vidyA ko nirarthaka prakAza meM rakhane meM khUba sAvadhAnI rakhI jAtI thI aura ziSyoM kI yogyatA dekha kara ye vidyAe~ kevala darzanaprabhAvanA kI dRSTi se hI dI jAtI thIM. jainadharma ne mantrayAna apanAyA to bhI usane apanI saiddhAntika dRSTi rakhI hI hai, yaha bhUlanA nahIM cAhie. yaha patanazIla pariNAmoM se bilakula achUtA raha sakA hai yaha usakI vizeSatA hai. jainaparamparA kI dRSTi se aisI kitanIka vizeSatAe~ isa prakAra mAlUma par3atI haiM : 1. mithyAtvI devoM se adhiSThita mantroM kI sAdhanA nahIM karanA. 2. mantra kA upayoga kevala darzanaprabhAvanA ke lie hI karanA. usake sivAya aihika lAbhoM ke liye nahIM karanA. 3. tAMtrikapaddhati ko svIkAra nahIM karanA. 4. zAstroM meM jo dhyAnayoga apanAyA gayA hai usa paddhati se piMDastha, padastha, rUpastha aura rUpAtIta, ina bhAvanAoM kI maryAdA meM raha kara mantrayoga kI sAdhanA karanA. dUsarI dRSTi se dekheM to mantravidyA eka gahana vidyA hai. usakI sAdhanA ke liye aneka bAtoM para dhyAna denA par3atA hai. sarvaprathama mantrasAdhaka kI yogyatA kaisI honI cAhiye, usake viSaya meM mantrazAstra khUba kaThora niyama batAtA hai. sAdhaka meM pUrA zArIrika aura mAnasika sAmarthya honA cAhiye. mana meM praviSTa kharAba vicAroM ko rokane kI aura pavitra bhAvanA meM ramaNa karane kI zakti honI cAhiye. prANAyAma ke rocaka, pUraka aura kuMbhaka yoga dvArA mana ko una-una sthaloM meM rokane kA abhyAsa honA jarUrI hai. mantrasAdhanA karate huye aneka prakAra ke upadrava upasthita hoM to usake sAmane jUjhane kA sAmarthya honA cAhiye. aisI yogyatA prApta na kI ho to vaha pAgala-sA bana jAtA hai yA maraNa ke zaraNa hotA hai. moreoinal Use
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________________ paM0 aMbAlAla premacanda zAha : jainazAstra aura maMtravidyA : 775 isake sivAya iMdriyoM para kAbU prApta karane kI zakti - brahmacarya, mitAhAra, mauna, zraddhA, dayA, dAkSiNya Adi guNoM kI AvazyakatA para bhAra diyA gayA hai. isake pIche maMtrasAdhaka ko sAdhanAsamaya meM nIce batAI huI prakriyA meM se pAra honA cAhiye. 1 yoga, 2 upadeza, 3 devatA, 4 sakalIkaraNa, 5 upacAra, 6 japa, 7 homa-usameM japa karanevAle ko 1 dizA, 2 kAla, 3 mudrA, 4 Asana, 5 pallava, 6 maMDala, 7 zAnti Adi karmoM ke prakAra jAnakara japa aura homa karanA cAhie. 1. yoga-maMtra ke Adi akSara ke sAtha nakSatra, tArA, aura rAzi kI anukUlatA jyotiHzAstra ke sAtha milAna kare. yadi kisI prakAra kA virodha na ho to hI maMtra siddha hotA hai. isI prakAra sAdhya Adi bheda ko bhI cakAsane-parakhane kI AvazyakatA hai. sAdhya aura sAdhaka kA yadi mela na bane to maMtra Adi kA ArAdhana karane karAne meM aneka vighna upasthita hote haiM aura aMta meM pariNAma aniSTakAraka banatA hai. sAdhya Adi bheda cakAsane kI aneka rItiyA~ dekhane meM AtI haiM. unameM se 1 bhadraguptAcArya ne anubhava siddha mantradvA trizikA meM jo rIti batAyI hai vaha isa prakAra hai 'a i u e o' ina pAMca svaroM se Arambha kara 'Da Dha Na' varNoM ko chor3akara pA~ca sarIkhI paMktiyoM meM sarva mAtRkAkSara likheM. pIche sAdhya nAma se ginate hue sAdhaka kA nAma jisa sthAna meM Ave usa sthAna kA phala dene vAlA maMtra hai aisA samajhanA. ye pA~ca nAma isa prakAra haiM 1 sAdhya, 2 siddhi, 3 susiddha, 4 zatrurUpa aura 5 mRtyudAyI. ina pA~ca prakAroM meM se Adya tIna bheda krama se zreSTha, madhya aura svalpa phala dene vAle hone se ziSya kI yogyatA ke anusAra de sakate haiM, parantu aMtima do bheda zatrurUpa aura mRtyudAyI hone se kisI ko bhI dene yogya nahIM haiM. uparyukta prakAroM kA 'mAtRkAcakra' isa prakAra hai 1 Jain Educational a A ka ca Ta dha bha va i I kha cha eo na ma za mAtRkA cakra 3 u 16 U ga m - b - l | Sa x e ai gha zh | tsh pha ra sa 5. o For Prival Use Only o Ga ha 2 upadeza - maMtra par3ha lene ke bAda mAtra jApa karanA nahIM cAhie parantu maMtra aura vidhi guru ke pAsa se jAnakara hI, guru ke mukha se maMtra pATha lekara sAdhanA karanI cAhie. Ja da ba la ~www he Corary org
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________________ wwwwwwwwwwww * Jain Educator 776 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya 3 devatA --- caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM meM se kisI bhI tIrthaMkara kA jApa kiyA jAya to unake sevaka yakSa aura yakSiNI sevaka bana kara sAdhaka kI manovAMchita siddhi meM sahAyaka hote haiM. 24 yakSa "jakkhA gomuha mahajakkha timuha jakkhesa tuMbaru kusumo / mAyaMgI vijayAjiya baMbho maraNuo surakumAro a / chammuha payAla kinnara gallo gaMdhavva taha ya javikhaMdo / kubera varuNo bhiuDI gome ho pAsamAyaMgA ||" arthAt - 1 gomukha, 2 mahAyakSa, 3 trimukha, 4 yakSeza, 5 tuMbaru, 6 kusuma, 7 mAtaMga, 8 vijaya, 6 ajita, 10 brahma, 11 manuja, 12 surakumAra, 13 SaNmukha, 14 pAtAla, 15 kinnara, 16 garula, 17 gandharva, 18 yakSendra, 16 kubera, 20 varuNa, 21 bhRkuTi 22 gometha, 23 pArzva aura 24 mAtaMga. 24 yakSiNI "devIo canakesari ajiyAriyAri kAli mahakAlI / accuA saMtA jAlA sutArayAsoa sirivacchA // caNDA vijayakusI pannI navyANI achuA dhrnnii| vairuTTachutta gaMdhArI aMba paumAbAI siddhA // " arthAt 1 va 2 ajitA 3 duritAri 4 kAlI 5 mahAkAlI, 6 acyutA, zAMtA sutArakA 10 azokA, 11 zrIvatsA, 12 caNDA, 13 vijayA, 14 aMkuzA 15 prajJapti, 16 nirvANI, 17 acchuptA, 18 dharaNI, varATyA, 20 acchruptA 21 gandhArI, 22 aMbA, 23 padmAvatI, aura 24 siddhA. 16 vidyAdevI "tu mama rohiNitI vasA gyaa| vajjaM kusi cakkesari naradattA kAli mahakAlI / / "gorI taha gandhArI mahajAlA mANavI a vairuTTA | acchuttA mANasiA mahamANasiA u devIo // " 1 rohiNI, 2 prajJapti 34 baccAMkuzI, 5 cakrezvarI gAMdhArI, 11 mahAjvAlA, 12 mAnavI 12 royA, 14 1 1 6 naradattA 7 kAlI mahAkAlI, gaurI, 10 15 mAnasI aura 16 mahAmAnasI. ina rohiNI vagairaha vidyAoM ke prabhAva se vidyAdhara aise manuSya deva samAna sukha prApta karate haiM. vidyAdeviyoM kA dhyAna khUba bhakti se karanA cAhiye. 4 sakalIkaraNa dhyAna karane ke pahile sakalIkaraNa arthAt AtmarakSA karanI cAhie. sakalIkaraNa se vidyA kI sAdhanA meM nirvighna kAryasiddhi hotI hai. prathama digbaMdha karanA cAhie. phira jala se amRta-maMtra bolakara zarIra para chiTakanA cAhie. phira maMtrasnAna karake zuddha dhule vastra pahanakara ekAnta aura nirupadravI sthAna meM ( brahmacarya Adi zrAvaka ke pAMca vratoM kA pAlana karate hue) bhUmi zuddha karake Asana pUrvaka baiThanA cAhie. 1. o Namo arahaMtANaM hA~ zIrSa rakSa rakSa svAhA / 2. o Namo siddhANaM hrIM vadanaM rakSa rakSa svAhA / 3. oM Namo AyariyANaM hR hRdayaM rakSa rakSa svAhA / *** *** ** Woancitra.org.
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________________ paM0 aMbAlAla premacanda zAha : jainazAstra aura maMtravidyA : 777 4. oM Namo uvajjhAyANaM hrauM nAbhiM rakSa rakSa svAhA / 5. o" Namo loe savvasAhUNaM hraH pAdau rakSa rakSa svAhA / isa prakAra aMganyAsa karake paMcAMga rakSA karanI cAhiye athavA 'kSipa svAhA' ina bIjAkSaroM se mastaka, mukha, hRdaya, nAbhi aura pA~va aMgoM meM sulaTe-ulaTe krama se nyAsa karane se paMcAMga rakSA hotI hai. 5. upacAra-sakalI kriyA karane ke bAda paMcopacAra pUjA ke yantra ke adhiSThAtA deva kI pUjA nIce batAI huI vidhi se karanI cAhie. ve pAMca upacAra ye haiM-1 AhvAna, 2 sthApana, 3 saMnidhIkaraNa, 4 pUjana, 5 visarjana mudrApUrvaka karanA cAhie. unake maMtra isa prakAra haiM 1. oM hrIM namo'stu' ... ehi ehi saMvauSaT / (AhvAna) 2. oM hrIM namo'stu .......tiSTha tiSTha ThaH ThaH / (sthApana) 3. o hrIM namo'stu mama saMnihitA bhava bhava vaSaT / (saMnidhIkaraNa) 4. oM hrIM namo'stu ..." gandhAdIn gRhANa gRhANa namaH / (aSTa dravyoM se pUjana) 5. oM hrIM namo'stu... svasthAnaM gaccha jaH ja: (visarjana) AhvAna pUraka prANAyAma se; sthApana, saMnidhIkaraNa aura pUjana ye tIna kubhaka prANAyAma se aura visarjana recaka prANAyAma se karanA cAhiye. aMta meM isa prakAra bolanA cAhiye-- AhvAnaM naiva jAnAmi na ca jAnAmi pUjanam / visarjanaM na jAnAmi prasIda paramezvara ! / / "AjJAhInaM kriyAhInaM mantrahInaM ca yat kRtam / kSamasva deva ! tat sarva prasIda paramezvara ! / / " 6. japa-sAmAnya rIti se maMtra ke jApa kI saMkhyA 108 athavA 1008 mAnI gaI hai. japa ke bhI tIna prakAra haiM-(1) mAnasa japa, (2) upAMzujapa aura (3) vAcikajapa. saba mantra mAnasa japa-mana meM jihvA se dhIre se zuddha bolanA cAhiye. jApa se maMtra apanI zakti prApta karatA hai aura mantra-caitanya sphurita hotA hai, aura homa va pUjA Adi se mantra kA svAmI tRpta hotA hai. 7. homa-eka to svayaM agni aura usameM yadi pavana kI sahAyatA mile to vaha kyA nahIM kara sakatA. isa prakAra mantrajApa ke pazcAt homa karane se yatheSTa phala prApta ho sakatA hai. jApa ke samaya maMtra ke anta meM karmAnusAra pallavoM kA upayoga hotA hai, kyoMki maMtroM kA nivAsa hI pallava meM hotA hai. jApa ke samaya maMtra ke anta meM 'namaH' pallava aura homa ke samaya 'svAhA' pallava lagAnA cAhie. mUla maMtra kI jApasaMkhyA se dazaveM bhAga kA jApa homa ke samaya meM karanA cAhie arthAt eka hajAra jApa ko homa ke sAtha kareM taba 100 saMkhyA kA jApa karanA cAhie. sAmAnya jApa pUrA hote hI homa karanA cAhie. homavidhi-homakuMDa tIna prakAra ke hote hai--1. catuSkoNa, 2. trikoNa, 3. gola. 1. catuSkoNa-zAMti, pauSTika, staMbhana Adi karma meM. 2. trikoNa-mAraNa, AkarSaNa karma meM. 1. isa rikta jagaha meM jina devatA kI ArAdhanA karanI ho una devatA kA nAma bolanA cAhiye. jaise padmAvatI kI ArAdhanA karanI ho to "bhagavati padmAvati devi!" * * * * * * * * * * * * * * . . . . . . . . . . www.jaineliterary.org . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HN A M A .
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________________ 778 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya 3. gola-vidveSaNa aura uccATana karma meM. ina tIna prakAra ke kuMDoM kI gaharAI aura caur3AI eka hAtha pramANa honI cAhie. unameM tIna pAliyA~ bAMdhI jAtI haiM. unameM se pahalI pAlI kA vistAra aura UMcAI pAMca aMgula, dUsarI kI cAra aMgula aura tIsarI kI tIna aMgula rakhanI cAhie. homa karane vAle ko sakalIkaraNa se apane mana ko zuddha kara, nayI dhotI aura caddara pahana kara pannAsana se baiThanA cAhie. homa meM mukhyataH palAza kI lakar3I honI cAhie. yadi palAza na mile to dUdhavAle vRkSa arthAt pIpala Adi vRkSoM kI lakar3I (kIr3A aura jIva-jantu rahita) homa ke liye lAnI cAhiye. usake sAtha zveta candana, lAla candana, zamI vRkSa kI lakar3I bhI homa ke lie lAnI cAhie. patte pIpala aura palAza ke hone cAhie. homa meM 1 sera dUdha, 1 sera ghI, aura aSTAMga dhUpa Adi milAkara do sera vajana kI homa sAmagrI honI cAhie. lakar3I bhI usa-usa kRtyakAritva ke anusAra hI amuka nApa kI rakhanI cAhie. jaise-vadha, vidveSaNa, uccATana meM ATha aMgula laMbI ; paudhika karma meM nava aMgula laMbI ; zAMti, AkarSaNa, vazIkaraNa, staMbhana meM bAraha aMgula laMbI lAnI cAhie. zAMti, puSTi Adi zubha kAryoM meM uttama dravyasAmagrI se prasannacitta se homa karanA cAhie aura mAraNa uccATana Adi azubha kAryoM meM azubha dravyoM se AkrozapUrvaka homa karanA cAhie. jala, caMdana Adi aSTa dravyoM se mahAmaMtra kA jApa karate hue agni kI pUjA kare. pIche dUdha, ghI, guDa aura sAtha meM eka lakar3I ko apane hAthoM se homakuMDa meM rakhe aura pIche agni sthApana karake sabase pahale Ahuti dete hue zloka bole. pIche lakar3I ko Ahuti ke dravyoM ke sAtha milAkara jApya maMtra kA uccAraNa karate hue Ahuti de. isa prakAra homa kI vidhi zAstroM meM batAyI gaI hai| pAMca kalazoM kI sthApanA karake homavidhi karanI cAhie, jisase saMpUrNa maMtra vidhi se maMtra bhalI prakAra sAdhya ho sake. aba maMtra kI japasAdhanA meM dizA, kAla, mudrA, pallava Adi prakAra aura maMtra ke kRtyakAritva ke prakAra saMkSepa meM isa prakAra haiM-[1] zAMti, [2] pauSTika, [3] vazIkaraNa, [4] AkarSaNa, [5] staMbhana, [6] mAraNa, [7] vidveSaNa aura uccATana. 1. zAMti karma-pazcima dizA, ardharAtri kA samaya, jJAnamudrA, padmAsana, 'nama:' pallava, zveta vastra, zveta puSpa, pUrakayoga, sphaTika maNi kI mAlA, dAhinA hasta, madhyamA aMgulI aura jalamaMDala se kare. 2. pauSTika karma-naiRta dizA, prAta:kAla, jJAnamudrA, svastika prAsana, 'svadhA' pallava, zveta vastra, zveta puSpa, pUraka, yoga, motiyoM kI mAlA, madhyamA aMgulI, dAhinA hasta aura jalamaMDala se kare. 3. vazIkaraNa-uttaradizA, prAtaHkAla, kamalamudrA, padmAsana, 'vaSaT' pallava, lAlavastra, lAla puSpa, pUraka yoga, pravAlamaNi kI mAlA, bAMyA hasta, anAmikA aMgulI aura agnimaMDala se kare. 4. zrAkarSaNa-dakSiNa dizA, prAta:kAla, aMkuzamudrA, daMDAsana, 'vauSaT' pallava, raktavastra, raktapuSpa, pUrakayoga, pravAla kI ___ mAlA, kaniSThikA aMgulI, bAMyA hasta, bAMyA vAyu aura agnimaNDala se kareM. 5. stambhana karma--pUrva dizA, prAta:kAla, zaMkhamudrA, vajrAsana 'ThaH ThaH' pallava, pItavastra, pItapuSpa, kuMbhaka yoga, svarNa kI mAlA, kaniSThikA aMgulI, dAhinA hAtha, dakSiNavAyu aura pRthvImaMDala se kare. 6. mAraNa karma-IzAna dizA, saMdhyAkAla, vajramudrA, bhadrAsana, 'ghe ghe' pallava, kAlA vastra, kAle puSpa, recaka yoga, putra jIva maNi kI mAlA, tarjanI aMgulI, dAhinA hAtha, aura vAyumaMDala se kareM.
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________________ paM0 aMbAlAla premacanda zAha : jainazAstra aura maMtravidyA : 776 7 vidvaSaNa karma-AgneyadizA, madhyAhnakAla, pravAlamudrA, kukkuTAsana hu~' pallava, dhUmravastra, dhUmrapuSpa, recakayoga, putrajIva maNi kI mAlA, tarjanI aMgulI, dAhinA hAtha aura vAyu maMDala se kareM. 8. uccATana karma-vAyavyadizA, tIsarA prahara, pravAla mudrA, kukkuTAsana, 'phaTa' pallava, dhUmravastra, dhUmrapuSpa, recaka yoga, kAle maNioM kI mAlA, tarjanI aMgulI, dAhinA hAtha aura vAyu maMDala se kare. maMDala-cAra prakAra ke yaMtra-maMDala isa prakAra haiM--- 1. pRthvImaNDala-pIlA, catuSkoNa, pRthvIbIja 'la' 'kSi' cAra konoM meM likheM aura bIca meM maMtra sthApana kareM. 2. jalamaMDala-zveta, kalaza samAna gola, jalabIja 'va' 'pa' cAra kone meM likheM, aura bIca meM maMtra sthApana karanA ___cAhie. 3. agnimaNDala-lAla, trikoNa, usake tIna konoM meM bAhara kI ora svastika kI AlekhanA kareM aura andara kI ora 'ra' 'oM' bIja likheM. bIja meM maMtra sthApana kareM. 4. vAyumaNDala-kAlA, golAkAra banAveM, vAyubIja 'ya' 'svA' bhItara kI ora likheM aura bIca meM maMtra sthApana kareM. pratyeka maMtra ke anta meM 'namaH' pallava lagAne se mAraNa Adi ugra svabhAvI maMtra bhI zAMta svabhAva vAle bana jAte haiM aura 'phaTa' pallava lagAne se krUra svabhAva vAle bana jAte haiM. dIpana Adi prakAra-dIpana se zAMti karma, pallava se vazIkaraNa, rodhana se baMdhana, grathana se AkarSaNa, aura vidarbhaNa se staMbhana kArya kiye jAte haiM. ye chaH prakAra pratyeka maMtra meM prayukta ho sakate haiM. unake sodAharaNa lakSaNa nIce likhe anusAra haiM1. mantra ke prArambha meM nAma sthApana karanA vaha dIpana udAharaNa--devadatta hrI. 2. maMtra ke anta meM nAma nirdeza karanA vaha pallava. udA0-hrI devadatta. 3. madhya meM nAma batAnA vaha saMpuTa. udA0-hrI devadatta hrI. 4. Adi aura madhya meM ullekha karanA vaha rodha. udA0-de hrI va hrIM da hrIM ta hrI. 5. eka maMtrAkSara, dUsarA nAmAkSara, tIsarA maMtrAkSara-isa prakAra saMkalana karanA prathana. udA0-hrIM de hrIM va hrI da hrIM ta hrIM. 6. maMtra ke do-doM akSaroM ke bIca meM ekeka nAmAkSara usake krama se rakhanA vidarbhaNa. ___ udA0-hrIM tta hrIM da hrI va hrIM de hrI. yahAM hamane hI bIjAkSara maMtra dvArA udAharaNa diye haiM parantu dUsare bIjAkSaroM se bhI dIpana Adi prakAra usI prakAra samajha lenA cAhie. ina saba hakIkatoM se sAdhaka ko maMtra kI sAdhanA meM hatAza nahIM honA cAhie. bIja, bhUmi, pavana, vAtAvaraNa Adi zuddha hoM to usakA phala bhI zuddha hI milatA hai. maMtra aura usakI sAdhanA kI zuddhi ke lie itanI kasauTI Avazyaka hai. sAvadhAnI aura bhAvanAzuddhi ho to yaha vidhi sarala bana jAtI hai aura siddhi prApta karane meM kaThinAI nahIM par3atI. Jain Education Interational
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________________ zrIbahAdura canda chAbar3A kAhala zabda ke artha para vicAra jaina aura bauddha sAhitya ke saMskRta graMthoM meM aise aneka zabda milate haiM jinake artha ke viSaya meM prAyaH prakAzita kozoM dvArA utanA prakAza nahIM par3atA jitanA ki pracalita dezI bhASAoM se par3atA hai. aise zabdoM meM eka 'kAhala' zabda bhI hai. " prabandhacintAmaNi" sambaddha purAtana prabandhasaMgraha meM eka prasaMga meM isa zabda kA yUM prayoga milatA hai- 'mantriNA zaGkhasya kathApitam yattvaM balavAnasi kSatriyo'si, ahaM vaNigmAtram tata Avayordvandvayuddhamastu. so'tyarthaM balavAn hRSTaH san kAhale mantriNA saha prahara 2 ayAcata' - ityAdi DA0 sANDesarA tathA zrI0 ThAkara isakA ullekha karate hue kAhala zabda kA artha karate haiM roka, uga (Tender, timid, cunning). sAtha hI yaha sujhAva dete haiM ki ukta prasaMga meM artha kI dRSTi se kAhale ke sthAna para kAhalena pATha honA cAhie. hamAre vicAra meM yahAM kAhale pATha ThIka hI pratIta hotA hai aura isakA artha honA cAhie 'jaldI meM' 'adhIratA meM' athavA 'utAvalepana meM'. dhyAna rahe ki paMjAbI bhASA meM yaha zabda Aja bhI pracalita hai aura bAra-bAra prayukta hotA hai. eka muhAvarA hai-kAla agne Toe se kama kilmoM hoe arthAt jaldIpane ke Age gaDDhe hI gaDe hote haiM to kAma kyoMkara saMpanna ho. vAstava meM kAhala zabda saMjJApada bhI hai aura vizeSaNa bhI. kAhalasya bhAvaH kAhalam paMjAbI meM isIko kAla kahate haiM. vizeSaNa meM paMjAbI meM kAhna (puMliGga) aura kAhI (strIliGga) zabda 'adhIra' 'utAvalA' (lI) 'jaldabAja' Adi arthoM meM atiprasiddha hai. pAisaddamaharaNavo nAmaka jaina prAkRta koza meM bhI kAhala zabda paThita hai aura vahA~ isake arthoM meM 'adhIra' artha bhI diyA huA hai. sADesarA aura ThAkara mahodaya isa koza kA ullekha karate avazya haiM, parantu vahA~ die kAhala zabda ke 'amIra' athavA 'adhIratva' artha ko nahIM apanAte. idhara cIvaravastu nAmaka bauddha graMtha meM bhI kAhala zabda kA sAragarbhita prayoga milatA hai. vaizAlI meM rAjA bimbisAra aura gaNikA AmrapAlI ke vArtAlApa meM rAjA kahatA hai 'kiM nippalAyeM' ? to gaNikA uttara meM kahatI hai-- deva mA kAhalo bhava." yahA~ bhI cIvaravastu ke sampAdaka DA0 nalinAkSadatta ne kAhala zabda kA artha nirAza athavA 'hatAza' (Dejected) kiyA hai, vaha saMgata nahIM pratIta hotA. hamAre vicAra meM ukta prasaMga meM bhI kAhala kA artha 'utAvalA' athavA 'adhIra' paMjAbI kAlA hI yuktiyukta lagatA hai. rAjA kahatA hai to daur3a jAU~ kyA ? gaNikA uttara detI hai-mahArAjA, adhIra mata ho bho ! arthAt jaldI kyA hai, utAvale kyoM hote ho, ityAdi. anta meM hama vidvAnoM kA dhyAna paMjAbI kI ora vizeSa rUpa se AkarSita karanA cAhate haiM, isalie ki aise vivAdAspada zabdoM ke arthanirNaya meM jaise hiMdI, gujarAtI, marAThI Adi pracalita dezI bhASAe~ sahAyaka hotI haiM vaise hI paMjAbI bhI atyanta upakAraka siddha ho sakatI hai. 1. Lexicographical Studies in jaina Sanskrit' by B. J. Sandesara and J. P. Thaker, oriental Institute, Baroda, 1662, 10120. 2. Gilgit Manuscripts Vol III, part 2, edited by Dr. Nalinakshadutt, Srinagar, kashmir 1642, pR0 20.
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________________ Jain Education zrIpuruSamalAla menAriyA ema0 e0. sAhityaratna rAjasthAnI sAhitya meM jaina sAhityakAroM kA sthAna madhyakAlIna bhAratIya itihAsa meM rAjasthAna ko parama gauravapUrNa sthAna prApta huA hai. rAjasthAnI vIra-vIrAMganAoM ne apane dharma aura mAna-maryAdA kI rakSA hetu asIma tyAga aura balidAna kie haiM. gauravapUrNa mRtyu prApta karanA rAjasthAnI -vilAsoM ko tuccha jIvana kA sadiyoM taka pradhAna uddezya banA rahA aura rAjasthAnI vIra-vIrAMganAoM ne sAMsArika sukhasamajhate hue maraNa ko mahAn tyauhAra ke rUpa meM aMgIkRta kiyA. maraNatyauhAra ke viSaya meM kahA gayA hai yaha Taha dhure tramAgalA hai siMghava lalakAra / citta kuMbha cailAM cahe, zrAja maraNa tyuMhAra || arthAt-nakkAre baja rahe haiM, sidhurAga vRkta jalakAra ho rahI hai aura pisa hAdiyoM se sAmanA karanA cAhatA hai kyoMki Aja maraNa-tyohAra hai. arthAt - Aja ghara para sAsa hone ke lie umaMgita ho rahI Aja ghare sAsU kahe, harakha bahU baleyA se pUta cANaka kAya / mareyA jAya // kahatI hai ki usako acAnaka harSa kyoM ho rahA hai ? isalie ki usakI putra vadhU satI hai aura putra yuddhabhUmi meM marane jA rahA hai ! suta mariyo hita desa re, harakhyo baMdhu samAja / mAM nahaM harakhI janama de, jatarI harakhI zrAja // arthAt - putra deza hita mArA gayA to bandhusamAja prasanna huA. mAM putra ko janma dekara jitanI prasanna nahIM huI thI utanI usake marane para huI hai. isa prakAra rAjasthAna bhArata deza kI vIra bhUmi ke rUpa meM vikhyAta ho gayA hai, jisake viSaya meM suprasiddha itihAsakAra jemsa TADa ne likhA hai- "rAjasthAna meM eka bhI choTI riyAsata aisI nahIM hai jisameM tharmopolI jaisI yuddha bhUmi na ho aura kadAcit hI koI aisA nagara ho jisane liyoniDAsa jaisA yoddhA nahIM utpanna kiyA ho. ' rAjasthAna ko vIra bhUmi banAne kA pradhAna zreya jahA~ rAjasthAna ke raNabAMkure vIroM ko hai, vahAM use vIrabhUmi ke rUpa meM jagatvikhyAta karane kA zreya sAhitya evaM sAhityakAroM ko hai. rAjasthAna ke sAhityakAra lekhanI ke sAtha hI talavAra ke bhI dhanI rahate hue svayaM yuddha bhUmi meM vIroM ke sAtha marane-mArane ke lie tatpara rahe haiM. aise vIra rasAvatAra kaviyoM kI parama prabhAvazAlI vANI se prerita hote hue rAjasthAna ke agaNita vIroM aura vIrAMganAoM ne apane prANa saharSa hI 1. dI enalsa eNDa enTikviTIja Apha rAjasthAna, kuksa saMskaraNa, laMdana, bhUmikA, bhAga 1, 1120 I0. 1000+ chis 11000/ urally.org
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________________ 782 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya utsarga kara die. isalie jemsa TADa ke ukta kathana ke aMtima bhAga ko isa prakAra saMzodhita karanA sarvathA upayukta hogA"aura kadAcit hI koI aisA nagara ho jisane liyoniDAsa jaisA yoddhA tathA homara jaisA kavi nahIM utpanna kiyA ho." "rAjasthAnI sAhitya' se aneka tAtparya ho sakate haiM. yathA--1 rAjasthAnI bhASA meM racita sAhitya, 2. rAjasthAna meM racita saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza, braja, khar3IbolI, urdU aura phArasI bhASAoM kA sAhitya, 3. rAjasthAniyoM kA sAhitya, phira cAhe vaha kisI bhI bhASA meM racita ho, 4. rAjasthAna se sambandhita sAhitya, cAhe vaha kisI bhI viSaya athavA bhASA meM racita ho. 'rAjasthAnI sAhitya' se abhiprAya ukta paribhASAoM meM se prathama paribhASA arthAt "rAjasthAnI bhASA meM racita sAhitya" mAnanA hI upayukta hogA. rAjasthAnI sAhitya kA vargIkaraNa : rAjasthAnI sAhitya kA vargIkaraNa zrI narottamadAsa jI svAmI aura rAmanivAsa jI hArIta ne nimnalikhita do bhAgoM meM kiyA hai :1. DiMgala sAhitya. 2. sAdhAraNa bolacAla kI rAjasthAnI kA sAhitya.' zrI narottamadAsa jI svAmI ne zailiyoM kI dRSTi se rAjasthAnI sAhitya ko tIna bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai1. jaina-zailI 2. cAraNI-zailI 3. laukika-zailI.2 DaoN0 hIrAlAla mAhezvarI ne rAjasthAnI kI sAhitya zailiyA~ cAra mAnI haiM1. jaina-zailI, 2. cAraNa-zailI, 3. saMta-zailI, aura 4. laukika-zailI. zrI sItArAmajI lAlasa ne rAjasthAnI sAhitya ko nimnalikhita cAra bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA haiM1. jaina-sAhitya, 2. cAraNa-sAhitya, 3. bhakti-sAhitya, aura 4. loka-sAhitya. rAjasthAnI sAhitya ke ukta sabhI vargIkaraNa apUrNa haiM kyoMki inameM rAjasthAnI sAhitya ke katipaya pramukha rUpoM kA samAveza nahIM ho pAtA. rAjasthAnI sAhitya kA vargIkaraNa nimnalikhita sAta bhAgoM meM karanA sarvathA samIcIna hogA1. jaina-sAhitya, 2. DiMgala-sAhitya, 3. piMgala-sAhitya, 4. paurANika evaM bhakti-sAhitya, 5. saMta-sAhitya, 6. loka-sAhitya, aura 7. Adhunika-sAhitya. hamAre deza meM kAlakramAnusAra kramaza: vaidika (chAndasa), saMskRta, prAkRta aura apabhraMza nAmaka prAcIna bhASAoM kA prabhutva rahA. rAjasthAnI bhAratIya Arya-bhASA parivAra kI eka Adhunika bhASA mAnI gaI hai. rAjasthAnI bhASA kA 1. rAjasthAna rA dUhA bhAga 1,navayuga sAhitya mandira po0 bA0 naM0 78 dillI prathama saMskaraNa 1935 I0,prastAvanA pR0 42. 2. rAjasthAnI sAhitya eka paricaya, navayuga grantha kuTIra, bIkAnera. Adhunika pustaka bhavana, 30|31 kalAkAra sTrITa, kalakattA, 7. 3. rAjasthAnI bhASA aura sAhitya, pR0 5. --rAjasthAnI zodha-saMsthAna, copAsanI, jodhapura, 4, rAjasthAnI zabdakoSa, prastAvanA, pR084. BHAR NESTENESIENASZINERENENANENOSENEISENSSON Jain EN only.org
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________________ puruSottamalAla menAriyA : rAjasthAnI sAhitya meM jaina sAhityakAroM kA sthAna : 783 wwwwwwwwwwwww udbhava rAjasthAna meM pracalita nAgara-apabhraMza se huA hai.' rAjasthAnI bhASA ke udbhava-kAla ke viSaya meM vibhinna mata prakaTa kiye gaye haiM. mahApaNDita rAhula sAMkRtyAyana ne rAjasthAnI aura anya bhAratIya Adhunika bhASAoM kA udbhava-kAla vi0 saM0 817 nirdhArita kiyA hai.' rAjasthAnI bhASA-sAhitya kA Arambha-kAla vi0 saM0 1045 bhI likhA gayA hai.' zrA narottamadAsa jI svAmI ne rAjasthAnI bhASA kA udbhava vi0 saM0 1150 likhA hai.4 rAjasthAnI bhASA-sAhitya kI prAcInatama racanA ke rUpa meM 'pUSI' athavA 'puSya kavi' dvArA vi0 saM0 700 meM racita alaMkAra-grantha kA ullekha mAtra prApta hotA hai.5 yaha kRti adyAvadhi aprApya hai ataeva isake viSaya meM nizcitarUpeNa mata nahIM vyakta kiyA jA sakatA. isI prakAra cittaur3a-nareza khumANa dvitIya [vi0 saM0 870-600] kRta 'khumANa-rAso' kA ullekha bhI prApta hotA hai kintu yaha graMtha bhI prApya nahIM hai.6 18vIM sadI meM daulatavijaya apara nAma dalapatavijaya racita khUmANa-rAso aura ukta khUmANa rAso ko eka hI kRti mAna lene ke kAraNa vidvAnoM meM eka vivAda avazya uTha khar3A huA hai. isa prakAra rAjasthAnI bhASA kI utpatti ke sambandha meM ukta graMthoM ko pramANa svarUpa nahIM prastuta kiyA jA sakatA. udyotana sUri dvArA vi0 saM0 835 meM likhe gaye 'kuvalayamAlA' kathAgrantha se rAjasthAnI bhASA ke marudezIya rUpa kA ullekha nAma sahita isa prakAra prApta hotA hai vaMke jaDe ya jaDDe bahu bhoi kaThi(Dhi)Na, pINa sU (thU) nnNge| appA tupA bhaNire aha pecchai mArue tanto // ukta pramANa se prakaTa hai ki rAjasthAnI bhASA kA udbhava vi0 saM0 835 meM ho cukA thA aura usake marudezIya rUpa kI pratiSThA bhI ho cukI thI. isalie udyotana sUri ne deza kI tatkAlIna aThAraha ullekhanIya pramukha bhASAoM meM marudezIya bhASA kI gaNanA kI. isa prakAra rAjasthAnI bhASA-sAhitya kA udbhavakAla navamI zatAbdI vikramIya mAna lene meM koI Apatti nahIM honI cAhie. navIM zatAbdI se Adhunika kAla taka rAjasthAnI bhASA-sAhitya kA nirmANa nirantara hotA rahA hai jisase isa sAhitya kI sampannatA svata: prakaTa hotI hai. rAjasthAna meM brAhmaNa-paNDitoM, rAjapUtoM, cAraNoM, motIsaroM, brahma bhaTToM, DhAr3hiyoM, jainasAdhu aura sAdhviyoM, yatiyoM, nirguNI saMtoM Adi sAhityAnurAgiyoM dvArA pracura parimANa meM rAjasthAnI bhASA-sAhitya kA nirmANa, saMrakSaNa, saMvaddhana, anuvAda, TIkA Adi kArya sucAru rUpa meM sampanna huA. rAjasthAnI bhASA-sAhitya 1. rAjasthAnI bhASA kI utpatti aura vikAsa ke viSaya meM vizeSa vivaraNa lekhaka kI eka pustaka "rAjasthAnI bhASA kI rUparekhA" prakAzaka hindI pracAraka pustakAlaya, banArasa meM pR07/23 para dRSTavya hai. 2. hindI kAvyadhArA, kitAba mahala, prayAga, prastAvanA pR0 12. 3. rAjasthAnI bhASA aura sAhitya, hindI sAhitya sammelana, prayAga pR0 103. 4. rAjasthAnI bhASA aura sAhitya, navayuga grantha kuTIra bIkAnera, pR0 22. 5. (ka) DA0 rAmakumAra varmA, 'hindI sAhitya kA AlocanAtmaka itihAsa', rAmanArAyaNalAla ilAhAbAda, 1658 pR0 46. (kha) pro0 udayasiMha bhaTanAgara, hindI sAhitya bhAga 2, bhAratIya hindI pariSad prayAga, 1956 pR0620. 6. zivasiMha saroja, sAtavAM saMskaraNa, 1626 pR0 6. 7. (ka) rAmacandra zukla, 'hindI sAhitya kA itihAsa', sAtavAM saMskaraNa, saM0 2008 pR0 33. (kha) DA. rAmakumAra varmA, hindI sAhitya kA AlocanAtmaka itihAsa, rAmanArAyaNa lAla, ilAhAbAda, 1638 pR0 144. 8. (ka) kuvalayamAlA kathA, siMbI jaina granthamAlA, padmazrI muni jinavijayajI, bhAratIya vidyA bhavana, bambaI. (kha) apabhraMza kAvyatrayo, saM0 lAlacandra bhagavAnadAsa gAMdhI, gAyakavAr3a-oriyanTala sIrIja, oriyanTala insTITyUTa: bar3odA pR0 12-63. PAL Jain E BENASENESISENENINGSBRUININENUSINESENANOSITE
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________________ 784 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya prAcInatA, viSayoM kI vividhatA, racanA-zailiyoM kI anekarUpatA, padya ke sAtha hI gadya kI pracuratA aura utkRSTatA kI dRSTi se vizeSa mahattva kA mAnA gayA hai. yathA"bhakti sAhitya hameM pratyeka prAMta meM milatA hai. sabhI sthAnoM meM kaviyoM ne apane DhaMga se rAdhA aura kRSNa ke gItoM kA gAna kiyA hai kiMtu rAjasthAna ne apane rakta se jisa sAhitya kA nirmANa kiyA hai, vaha advitIya hai. aura usakA kAraNa bhI hai-rAjasthAnI kaviyoM ne jIvana kI kaThora vAstavikatAoM kA svayaM sAmanA karate hue yuddha ke nakkAre kI dhvani ke sAtha svabhAvata: ayatnaja kAvya-gAna kiyA. unhoMne apane sAmane sAkSAt ziva ke tANDava kI taraha prakRti kA nRtya dekhA thA. kyA Aja koI apanI kalpanA dvArA usa koTi ke kAvya kI racanA kara sakatA hai ! rAjasthAnIya bhASA ke pratyeka dohe meM jo vIratva kI bhAvanA aura umaMga hai vaha rAjasthAna kI maulika nidhi hai aura samasta bhAratavarSa ke gaurava kA viSaya hai.' -vizvakavi ravIndranAtha ThAkura "rAjasthAnI vIroM kI bhASA hai. rAjasthAnI-sAhitya vIra-sAhitya hai, saMsAra ke sAhitya meM usakA nirAlA sthAna hai. vartamAna kAla ke bhAratIya navayuvakoM ke lie to usakA adhyayana anivArya honA cAhie. isa prANa bhare sAhitya aura usakI bhASA ke uddhAra kA kArya atyanta Avazyaka hai. maiM usa dina kI pratIkSA meM hU~ jaba hindU vizvavidyAlaya meM rAjasthAnI kA sarvAMgapUrNa vibhAga sthApita ho jAegA, jisameM rAjasthAnI bhASA aura sAhitya kI khoja tathA adhyayana kA pUrNa prabandha hogA.2 -mahAmanA madanamohana mAlavIya 'sAhitya kI dRSTi se bhI cAraNI kRtiyA~ bar3I mahattvapUrNa haiM. unakA apanA sAhityika mUlya hai aura kula mila kara ve aisI sAhityika nidhiyA~ haiM jo adhika prakAza meM Ane para Adhunika bhAratIya bhASAoM ke sAhitya meM avazya hI atyanta mahattva kA sthAna prApta karegI.' --zrI AzutoSa mukarjI' DiMgala sAhitya rAjasthAnI sAhitya ke antargata DiMgala eka vizeSa zailI hai. DiMgala ko prAdhAnya dete hue aneka vidvAnoM ne DiMgala ko rAjasthAnI kAvya kA paryAya mAna liyA hai. katipaya vidvAnoM ne DiMgala ko rAjasthAnI kA sAhityika rUpa kahA hai. ukta donoM hI mata nirAdhAra haiM. rAjasthAnI sAhitya ke antargata jaina-sAhitya, paurANika sAhitya, maukhika rUpa se upalabdha hone vAlA loka-sAhitya, piMgala sAhitya aura Adhunika zailI meM likhe hue sAhitya kA bhI samAveza hotA hai kintu isa samasta sAhitya ko DiMgala nahIM kahA jA sakatA. isI prakAra ina sabhI racanAoM ko DiMgala nahIM mAnate hue asAhityika bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA. DiMgala isa prakAra rAjasthAnI sAhitya kI eka pradhAna zailI hI hai jisako rAjasthAna ke samasta bhAgoM meM apanAyA gayA hai. DiMgala kA mUla AdhAra pazcimI rAjasthAnI arthAt mAravAr3I hai aura DiMgala meM likhane vAle mukhyataH cAraNa haiM. DiMgala ne rAjasthAna aura rAjasthAnI bhASA ko ekarUpatA pradAna kI hai. DiMgala sAhitya meM aneka prabandhakAvyoM ke sAtha hI paryApta mAtrA meM muktakagIta, dUhA, bhUlaNA, kuNDaliyA, nIsANI aura chappaya Adi prApta hote haiM. DiMgala gIta gAe nahIM jAte varan vaidika RcAoM kI bhA~ti prabhAvazAlI zailI meM uccarita kiye jAte haiM. DiMgala gItoM ke prakAra 120 taka prakAza meM A cuke haiM. DiMgala kavi kalama calAne ke sAtha hI talavAra ke bhI dhanI hote the. yuddhakSetra meM svayaM lar3ate hue apanI vIra rasapUrNa vANI se yoddhAoM ko kartavyapatha meM agrasara rahane hetu protsAhita karate the. ojaguNa sampannatA, rasa-paripAka, aitihAsikatA tathA prabhAvazAlitA kI dRSTi se DiMgala kAvyoM kA hamAre sAhitya meM vizeSa sthAna hai. vIratA ke sAtha hI bhakti 1. (ka) mArna rimdhU, kalakattA, sitambara 1938, jilda 64, pR0 710. (kha) nAgarA pracAriNo patrikA, vArANasI bhAga 45, aMka 3, kArtika saM01667 pR0 228-30 2. ThAkura rAmasiMha jI kA adhyakSIya abhibhASaNa, akhila bhAratIya rAjasthAnI sAhitya sammelana, dinAjapura saM0 2001 pR0 11-12. 3. vahIM MAITHIL AVODITHILINE srana - C ummy MODIN JainEdit
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________________ Jain Ed puruSomalAla menAriyA rAjasthAnI sAhitya meM jaina sAhityakAroM kA sthAna 785 aura zRMgAra bhI DiMgala kaviyoM ke priya viSaya rahe haiM. vIratA zrRMgAra aura bhakti kI triveNI meM snAna kara madhyakAlIna rAjasthAnI zUravIra anupama vIratA aura tyAga bhAvanA kA paricaya de sake haiM. DiMgala kAvyoM se hameM svAdhInatA, svAbhimAna aura AtmarakSA kA amara saMdeza prApta hotA hai. : DiMgala sAhitya kI utkRSTatA sabhI vidvAnoM ne svIkAra kI hai, kintu DiMgala' zabda kI vyutpatti ke sambandha meM prakaTa kie gae matoM meM bhinnatA dRSTigocara hotI hai. inameM se prAyaH sabhI mata anumAnAdhita haiM. DiMgala racanAoM meM zivadAsa cAraNa (1470 vi0 1414 I0) kRta 'acaladAsa khIcI rI vacanikA' durasA jI Ar3hA (1562-1712 vi0 1536-1656 I0) kI viruddha chitarI aura muktaka gIta, IsaradAsa jI bAraha (1595 vi0 1676 vi0 saM0) kRta 'hAlA jhAlA rA kuMDaliyA aura harirasa, mahArAja pRthvIrAja rAThaur3a (vi0 saM0 16061657, 1550 se 1601 I0) kRta 'veli krisana rukamaNI rI' 'sAMyAM jI bhUlA ( 1632 se 1703 vi0 saM0) kRta 'rukamiNIharaNa' va 'nAgadamaNa' kaviyA karaNIdAna jI ( racanA kAla saMvat 1800 lagabhaga) kRta 'sUrajaprakAza' kavirAjA vAMkIdAsa (saM0 1828 se 1890) kUla aneka laghukAvya, mahAkavi sUrajamala mizraNa (1872 se 1920 vi0 saM0) kRta pIrasatasaI, kesarIsiMha bArahaTha (1929 se 1920 vi0 saM0) kula sphuTa patha aura nAnudAna mahiyAriyA (vartamAna) kRta 'vIra satasaI vizeSa ullekhanIya haiM. piMgala-sAhitya piMgala kA artha chandazAstra hotA hai. rAjasthAnI piMgala sAhitya se tAtparya aneka vidvAnoM ne brajabhASA liyA hai kintu piMgala kA artha brajabhASA kisI bhI koSa meM upalabdha nahIM hotA. rAjasthAnI piMgala sAhitya se tAtparya mukhyataH zaurasenI prabhAvita rAjasthAnI kAvyoM ke una rUpoM se hai jinakI racanAeM paramparAgata chandoM meM huI haiM. zaurasenI athavA vrajabhASA kA prabhAva aneka rAjasthAnI kAvyoM para nyUnAdhika mAtrA meM upalabdha hotA hai. rAjasthAnI piMgala - racanAoM meM mahAkavi canda kRta 'pRthvIrAja rAso [isakI prAcInatama prati saM0 1664 meM likhita upalabdha huI hai aura rAjasthAna prAcya vidyA pratiSThAna, jodhapura ke graMthAgAra meM surakSita hai ], naraharidAsa bArahaTha [vi0 saM0 1648 se 1733] kRta avatAracaritra, mahArAjA bahAdurasiMha, vivAnagar3ha [zA0 kA0 1746-1782 vi0 saM0] kRta muktaka chanda, gaNezapurI [ja0 saM01003] kRta 'vIra vinoda' [mahAbhAratamata prasaMga para AdhArita] mahArAjA pratApasiMha, jayapura [vi0 1021-1060] mahArANA javAnasiMha udayapura [vi0 1857-1665 ] rAjakumArI sundarakuMvarI, kizanagar3ha [vi0 saM0 1761-1853] kI racanAeM aura svarUpadAsa kRta 'pANDava yazendu candrikA [20vIM sadI] mahattvapUrNa haiM. paurANika evaM bhakti sAhitya rAjasthAnI bhASA meM purANa-granthoM para AdhArita sAhitya bhI vizAla parimANa meM likhA gayA hai. isa prakAra kA sAhitya padya ke sAtha hI gadya meM bhI prApta hotA hai isalie vizeSa mahattvapUrNa hai. rAjasthAnI paurANika sAhitya meM rAma, kRSNa, ziva, durgA Adi ke sAtha hI, harizcandra, uSA, aniruddha ke caritroM kA vistRta nirUpaNa huA hai. sAtha hI brahmANDapurANa, padmapurANa, zrImadbhAgavata aura sUryapurANa ke TIkA yukta rAjasthAnI anuvAda bhI milate haiM. paurANika sAhitya meM sor3hI nAthI [amarakoTa] kRta bAlacaritra [saM0 1731] aura kaMsalIlA [saM0 1731] sammana bAI kaviyA [ alavara ] kRta kRSNa bAla lIlA, bhImakavi kRta hari lIlA [ra0 kA0 saM01543] tathA zrImadbhAgavata, harivaMza purANa aura viSNupurANa sambandhI racanAeM ullekhanIya hai. 1. DA0 hIrAlAla mAhezvarI, rAjasthAnI bhASA aura sAhitya, Adhunika pustaka bhavana 30-31. kala kAra sTrITa, kalakattA 7, pR06-17 Cattrary.org
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________________ 786 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-prantha : caturtha adhyAya saMta-sAhitya rAjasthAna prAcInakAla se hI aneka santa-sampradAyoM kA kendra rahA hai. rAjasthAnI vIroM ke Azraya meM aneka santa-sampradAyoM ko protsAhana milA. rAjasthAna meM dAdU, rAmasnehI, niraMjanI, viSNoI Adi santa-sampradAyoM kA janma bhI huA. dAdU, rajjaba, rAmacaraNadAsa, sundaradAsa, jasanAtha jaise aneka santoM kI vANI kA rAjasthAna meM hI nahIM bAhara bhI prasAra hai. rAjasthAnI saMta-sAhitya meM dhArmika udAratA kA pratipAdana huA hai. isameM AtmA aura paramAtmA kI ekatA, batAte hue sabhI vargoM aura jAtiyoM ke lie mukti kA mArga prazasta kiyA gayA hai.' loka-sAhitya janatA se maukhika paramparAnusAra prApta hone vAlA sAhitya lokasAhitya kahA jAtA hai. vidvAnoM ne isa sAhitya ko grAma-sAhitya aura lokavArtA sAhitya bhI kahA hai. rAjasthAna kA prAkRtika vAtAvaraNa aneka vividhatAoM se pUrNa hai. tadanusAra rAjasthAna kA loka-sAhitya bhI vividha rUpoM meM upalabdha hotA hai. rAjasthAna meM prAcInakAla se hI maukhika sAhitya ko lipibaddha karane kI paripATI rahI hai isalie hastalikhita graMthoM meM bhI aneka lokakathAeM, lokagIta, kahAvateM, paheliyA~ aura laukika kAvyAdi likhita rUpa meM prApta ho jAte haiM. rAjasthAnI bhASA meM loka sAhitya ke antargata hajAroM kI saMkhyA meM lokagIta, lokakathAe', kahAvateM, muhAvare, paheliyA~, pavAr3e aura khyAla (loka-nATaka) pracalita haiM. dhArmika siddhAMtoM ke pracAra ke lie aneka jaina sAhityakAroM ne bhI loka sAhitya kI vibhanna zailiyoM meM apanI racAnAeM likhI haiM jinameM unheM pUrNa saphalatA prApta huI hai. rAjasthAnI loka sAhitya maukhika hone se lupta hotA jA rahA hai isalie isako turanta hI vaijJAnika vidhiyoM se lipibaddha karanA Avazyaka hai. rAjasthAnI bhASA meM 'pAbU jI rA pavAr3A,' 'bagar3Avata' aura 'nihAlade' nAmaka mahAkAvya abhI taka maukhika rUpa meM pracalita haiM. AkAra-prakAra kI dRSTi se inakA mahattva mahAbhArata se kama nahIM mAnA jA sakatA. Adhunika-sAhitya bhArata meM briTiza-zAsana kI sthApanA ke pazcAt navInatA kA sUtrapAta huA hai. isI samaya rAjasthAnI sAhitya meM bhI navIna vicAroM aura navIna vidhAoM kA samAveza hote lagA. rAjasthAna meM rAjAoM aura aMgrejoM ke dohare zAsanakAla meM presa evaM prakAzana kAryoM para kar3e pratibandha lagAe gae jinake pariNAma svarUpa Adhunika rAjasthAnI sAhitya kA prakAzana yatheccha mAtrA meM nahIM ho sakA. tathApi zivacandajI bharatiyA, rAmakaraNajI AsopA, gulAbacandajI nAgorI, DA. gaurIzaMkara jI hIrAcanda ojhA, purohita harinArAyaNajI prabhRti aneka samartha sAhityakAroM ne apanI racanAoM se rAjasthAnI sAhitya ko samRddhizAlI banAyA. Adhunika kAla meM muni jinavijayajI, agaracandajI nAhaTA, narottamadAsajI svAmI, DA. motIlAla, kanhaiyAlAlajI sahala, manoharajI zarmA, sItArAmajI lAlasa, DA0 tessItorI, DA0 jArja giyarsana, DA. elana, DA0 sunItikumAra jI, cATuryA prabhRti vidvAnoM ne rAjasthAnI bhASA sAhitya kA vizeSa adhyayana kiyA aura rAnI lakSmI kumArIjI cuMDAvata jaise aneka gadyalekhaka rAjasthAnI sAhitya ko samRddha karane meM saMlagna haiM. rAjasthAnI kaviyoM meM nArAyaNa siMha bhATI aura kanhaiyAlAla seThiyA kI vividha viSayaka racanAeM, candrasiMha aura nAnUnAma kI prakRti sambandhI racanAe~, megharAja mukula aura gajAnana varmA ke gIta, revatadAna cAraNa kI ojasvI racanAeM aura vimaleza aura buddhiprakAza kI hAsyarasAtmaka racanAeM vizeSa ullekhanIya haiM. vartamAna meM saikar3oM hI kavi aura lekhaka rAjasthAnI bhASA ko sampanna karane meM saceSTa haiM aura inakI racanAoM kA janatA meM vizeSa pracAra-prasAra hai. 1. rAjasthAnI santa-sAhitya ke viSaya meM vistRta vivaraNa, lekhaka ke anya nibandha (zrI kanoI abhinandana grantha 40 e0, hanumAna ror3a naI dillI meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * JainEduts...
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________________ puruSottamalAla menAriyA : rAjasthAnI sAhitya meM jaina sAhityakAroM kA sthAna : 767 jaina sAhityakAra Adhunika bhAratIya bhASA ke sAhitya meM prAcInatama racanAeM jaina sAhityakAroM dvArA racita hI upalbdha hotI haiM. jaina sAhitya kA mahattva prAcInatA ke sAtha hI gadya kI pracuratA, kAvyoM kI vividharUpatA aura jIvana ko ucca uddezya kI ora agrasara karane kI kSamatA ke kAraNa hai. jaina sAhityakAra sAmAnya sAMsArika jIva nahIM haiM varan ve jIvana ke vistRta anubhavoM se yukta aura sAdhanA ke ucca dharAtala para pahu~ce hue jJAnI-mahAtmA haiM. ataeva jaina-sAhitya zuddha sAhityika tattvoM se yukta hotA huA bhI upadeza-tattvoM se pUrNa hai. jaina-sAhitya meM zuddha sAhityika tattvoM ke sAtha hI usakI upayogitA ke tattva bhI upalabdha hote haiM. aneka itihAsakAroM ne dhArmika tattva hone se jaina-sAhitya kA samAveza apane itihAsa-graMthoM meM nahIM kiyA hai. vAstava meM dhArmika tattvoM se hIna sAhitya ko sAhitya bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA. sUra aura tulasI jaise aneka sAhityakAroM kA sAhitya pUrNarUpeNa dhArmika hai jisakA samAveza ina graMthoM meM kiyA gayA hai. ina itihAsakAroM ne, prAcInakAla meM anya racanAeM upalabdha nahIM huI taba avazya hI kAla-sthApanA ke lie jaina-racanAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai. jaina sAhityakAroM ne vAstava meM kevala dhArmika viSayoM para hI nahIM likhA, varan vaidyaka, koSa, nagara-varNana, kAvya-zAstra, itihAsa, bhUgola, vAstu-vidyA Adi aneka viSayoM para adhikArapUrvaka yathAtathya nirUpaNa karate hue likhA hai. jaina-sAhityakAroM ne aneka sAhityika vidhAoM kI sRSTi kI. padya ke antargata prabandha, rAsa, rAso, bhAsa, caupaI, phAga, bArahamAsA, caumAsA, dUhA, gIta, dhavala, gajala, saMvAda, mAtrikA, stavana, sajjhAya, aura maMgala Adi vividha rUpa jaina sAhityakAroM dvArA vikasita hue. isI prakAra gadya ke antargata vArtA, kathA, TIkA, TabbA aura bAlAvabodha Adi ke rUpa likhe gaye. jaina-sAhityakAroM ne prAcIna sAhitya kI rakSA meM bhI apUrva yoga diyA hai. jaina-bhaNDAroM meM jaina aura ajaina donoM hI prakAra ke prAcIna graMtha surakSita rahe haiM. jaina sAhityakAra prAcIna graMthoM kI pratilipiyA~ Aja taka karate rahate haiM aura isa prakAra prAcIna jIrNa pratiyoM kA punaruddhAra hotA hai. prAcIna graMtha-surakSA kI dRSTi se jaisalamera graMtha bhaNDAra kA udAharaNa hamAre liye Adarza banA huA hai. rAjasthAnI jaina sAhityakAroM meM vajrasena sUri kA 'bharatezvara bAhubali ghora' rAjasthAnI bhASA kI prAcInatama racanA mAnI jAtI hai. isa racanA meM kavi ne 46 padyoM meM bharatezvara aura bAhubalI kA yuddhavarNana kiyA hai. isa kAvya meM zAMta rasa kA bhI samAveza hai. rAjasthAnI sAhitya ke vIra-gAthAkAla ke pradhAna kavi zAlibhadra sUri hue, jinhoMne vi0 saM0 1241 meM 'bharatezvara bAhubalI rAsa' kAvya likha kara rAsa paramparA ke aMtargata vIra-rasAtmaka kAvyoM kA zrIgaNeza kiyA. muhammadagorI kI pRthvIrAja cauhAna ke viruddha tarAina yuddha (vi0 saM0 1240, I0 1173) kI vijaya se janatA meM prabala pratizodha kI bhAvanA utpanna huI aura vIrarasa kA saMcAra huA. phalasvarUpa zAlibhadrasUri jaise kavi bhI apane Apako sama-sAmayika vIra-bhAvanA se vaMcita na kara sake. sama-sAmayika vIra-bhAvanA ke pariNAma svarUpa jaina-sAhitya meM bharatezvara aura bAhubaliviSayaka kAvya-nirmANa kI sudIrgha paramparA pracalita huI. bharata aura bAhubalI ke madhya hue yuddha ke dRzya arbudAcala ke suprasiddha jaina-maMdira vimalavasahI meM sundaratApUrvaka utkIrNa kiye haiM.' yaha rAsa vIrarasapUrNa hote hue bhI nirvedAnta hai. isameM utsAha, darpa aura svAbhimAna-pUrNa uktiyoM kI kAvyAtmaka paMktiyA~ vizeSa paThanIya haiM. aneka sthala nATakIya saMlApoM se alaMkRta haiM, yathA 1. bharatezvara-bAhubali rAsa, saM0 lAlacanda bhagavAnadAsa gAMdhI, prAcya viyA maMdira. bar3audA, prastAvanA pR0 53-56. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 888560 Jain Education Interation
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________________ 788 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya matisAgara bharatezvara-saMvAda, dUta-bAhubalisaMvAda Adi.--dUta-bAhubalisaMvAda kA eka udAharaNa nimna hai : dUta pabhaNai, dUta pabhaNai bAhubali rAu bharahesara cakka dharu kahi na kavaNi dUhavaNa kIjaha, vegi suvegi boliha saMbhali bAhubali / viNa baMdhava savi saMpai uNI, jima viNa lavaNa rasoI aluunnii| tuma baMsaNi utkaMThita rAu, nitu nitu bATa joha bhAu // bAhubalI dUta ko vIratApUrvaka uttara dete haiM: rAu jaMpai, rAu jaMpai suNina suNi dUta / jaM vihi lihIlaM bhAla bhali taMji, loha iha loha pAmaha / ari ri deva na dAnava mahimaMDali maMDalaiva mAnava kAi na laMghai lahiyA lahi, lAbhahi adhika na aojhA dahi / isa rAsa meM senA-varNana, digvijaya-varNana, hAthI ghor3oM aura sainikoM ke aneka varNana atizayoktipUrNa haiM kintu bhASA meM sarvatra pravAha aura anuprAsoM kI chaTA vartamAna hai. vIra-rasAtmaka kAvyoM meM senA-yAtrA ke prasaMga apanA mahattvapUrNa sthAna rakhate haiM. bharatezvara bAhubali rAsa meM senAyAtrA kA varNana isa prakAra hai ThavaNi prahi Daggami pUraba disihi, pahila cAliya cakka / dhUjiya dharayala tharaharae, caliya kulAcala-cakka // 18 // pUThi piyANu tau diyae, bhuyabali maraha nariMdu tu / piDi paMcAyaNa paradala haiM, halicali avara suriMdu // 16 // vajjiya samahari saMcariya, senApati sAmaMta, miliya mahAdhara maMDaliya, gAr3hiya guNa gajjaMta // 20 // kavi sAdhAru ne saMvat 1411 vi0 (1354 I0) meM 'pradyumnacaritra' likhA. isa kAvya meM kRSNa aura rukmiNI ke putra pradyumnakumAra kA caritra 700 padyoM meM varNita hai. kavi chIhala kA racanAkAla saM0 1574 [1517 I0] hai jinhoMne 'paMcasahelI rA dUhA' likhA. kavi ne apanA paricaya isa prakAra diyA hai: caurAsI agalai sai, ju pandraha saMvacchara / sukala pakSa aSTamI, mAsa kAtika guru vAsara / / hRdaya UpanI buddhi, nAma zrI guru ko lInhau / nAlhiga basinAthU sutanu, agaravAla kula pragaTa ravi / / bAvanI sudhA raci bistaro, kavi kaMkaNa chIhala kavi / / 53 // 1. Atmapratibodha jayamAla 2. udaragIta 3. paMthIgIta aura 4. chIhala bAvanI yA bAvanI chIhala kavi kI prasiddha racanAyeM haiM. vinayasamudra bAkAnera ke upakezagacchIya vAcaka harasamudra ke ziSya the, jinakA samaya saM0 1583 se 1614 taka hai. inakI racanAyeM isa prakAra haiM : 1. hindI kAvyadhArA, rAhula sAMkRtyAyana pR0 400. SHA CAL For Private & Personal use only www.yahelhorary.org
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________________ puruSottamalAla menAriyA : rAjasthAnI sAhitya meM jaina sAhityakAroM kA sthAna : 786 1. vikrama paMcadaMDa copAI 2. ambaDa caupAI (1566) 3. ArAma zobhA caupAI (1583) 4. mRgAvatI caupAI (1602 ) 5. citrasena padmAvatI rAsa (1604) 6. padma caritra (1604) 7. zIla rAsa (1604) 8. rohiNeya rAsa (1605) 6. siMhAsana battIsI caupAI, (1611), 10. nala damayaMtI rAsa (1614), 11. saMgrAma sUri caupAI, 12. caMdanabAlA rAsa, 13. nami rAjarSi saMdhi (1632) 14. sAdhu vaMdanA (1636), 15. brahmacari, 16. zrImaMdhara svAmI stavana, 17. zatrujaya giri maMDaNa zrI Adizvara stavana, 18. stambhana pArzvanAtha stavana, 16. pArzvanAtha stavana, 20. ilAputra rAsa. inakI eka racanA kA udAharaNa isa prakAra hai : tAharai darasaNa durita pulAI, nava nidhi sabi maMdira thAI, jAI roga sabi duuro| samaraNa saMkaTa sagalA nAsaha, bAdha saMga puNa nAvai pAsai, Apai aANaMda pUro / vAmeya vasuhAnaMda dAyaka, teja tihuyaNa nAyako / dharaNendra sevata caraNa anudina, sayala vaMchiya dAyako / thaMbhaNAdhIza jiNeza prabhu tUM, pAsa jiNavara sAmiyA / vInatI vinai payodha jaMpai, sayala pUravi kAmiyA / solahavIM sadI ke jaina kaviyoM meM kharataragacchIya kuzalalAbha kA sthAna mahattvapUrNa hai. inakA janma saM0 1580 ke lagabhaga mAnA jAtA hai. inhoMne 'mAdhavAnala copAI' 'DholAmAravaNIrI caupAI' aura 'piMgala ziromaNi,' nAmaka mahattvapUrNa granthoM kI racanAe~ kI. inakI anya sphuTa racanAe~ bhI upalabdha hotI haiM. hIrakalaza, kharataragacchIya sAgaracandra sUri-zAkhA ke kavi ho gaye haiM jinakA janma saM0 1565 mAnA jAtA hai. hIrakalaza jyotiSa ke vizeSa jJAtA the. inakA racita sAhitya 28 racanAoM meM upalabdha ho cukA hai. inake motI-kapAsiyA saMvAda kA udAharaNa isa prakAra hai: motI: deva pUjau guru ta gati jihAM, maMgala kAji vivAha / Adara dIjai amhAM taNI, savi ja karai uchAha / / kapAsiyA: saMbhali tavai kapAsIu, motI ma hUya gamAra / garaba na kIjai bApar3A, bhalA bhalI saMsAra / motI: kahi motI suNa kAMkaDA, mai tai keho sAtha ? hu~ sAhuM kaMcaNa sarisa, tai khala kUkasa bAtha / mai sura naravara bheTiyA, kIdhAM jIhAM siMgAra / tai bheTIyA godhaNa valada, jihAM kIdhA AhAra / / kapAsiyA: uttara dIyaha kapAsIyau, ahma AhAra joi / gAyAM gorasa nIpajai, valade karasaNa hoi / godhaNa jadi vATau na hui, tadi varatai katAra / dhAna vaDai taba becIyai, sovana motI hAra / / hemaratna sUri kA samaya anumAnataH saM0 1616 se 1673 hai. inakI saM0 1645 meM racita 'gorA bAdala padamiNI caUpaI' vizeSa prasiddha hai. isa racanA meM alAuddIna ke cittaur3a-AkramaNa aura gorA bAdala kI vIratA kA varNana hai. isa kRti meM kavi ne vibhinna rasoM kA samAveza kiyA hai : "vIrA rasa siNagAra rasa, hAsA rasa hita hej| sAma-dharama rasa sAMbhalau, jima hovai tana teja // " Jain Edutech O ury.org
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________________ 76. : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya wwwwwwwwwwwwwww inakI racanA kA udAharaNa isa prakAra hai : pAMna padAratha sughar3a nara, aNatolIyA bikAI / jima jima para bhui saMcarai, moli muhaMgA thAi / haMsA naI saravara ghaNAM, kusuma ketI bhavarAMha / sApurisAM naI sajjana ghaNA, dUri videsa gayAMha / satrahavIM sadI ke jaina sAhityakAroM meM samayasundara (saM0 1620 se 1702) kA sthAna mahattvapUrNa hai. inakI racanAyeM aneka haiM jinakA prakAzana samayasundara kRta 'kusumAMjali' meM zrI agaracanda jI nAhaTA dvArA saMpAdita rUpa meM ho cukA hai. inake gItoM ke viSaya meM prasiddha hai: "samayasundara rA gItar3A, kuMbhe rANe rA bhiiNtdd'aa|" arthAt jisa prakAra mahArANA kuMbhA dvArA banavAyA huA cittaur3a kA kIrtistambha, kuMbhazyAma kA mandira aura kuMbhalagar3ha prasiddha hai usI prakAra samayasundara ke gIta prasiddha haiM. kavi udayarAja jodhapura nareza udayasiMha jI ke samakAlIna the. inakA ( ja0 saM0 1931-1674 I0) mAnA jAtA hai. inakI racanAoM meM 'bhajana chattIsI' aura 'guNabAvanI' mahattvapUrNa hai. jinaharSa kA apara nAma jasarAja thA. inakI racanAoM meM jasarAja bAvanI (saM0 1738 vi0 meM racita)aura nanda bahottarI (saM0 1714 meM racita) prasiddha haiM. 18 vIM zatAbdI meM Anandaghana nAmaka kavi ne 'cIbIsI' nAmaka racanA meM tIrthaMkaroM ke stavana likhe. inakA dehAnta mAravAr3a meM saM0 1730 vi0 meM huA. inakA AdhyAtmika citana uccakoTi kA thA : rAma kaho rahamAna kaho, kou kAna kaho mahAdeva rI / pArasanAtha kaho kou brahmA, sakala brahma svayameva rI / / bhAjana-bheda kahAvata nAnA, eka mRttikA rUpa rii| taise khaNDa kalpanA ropita, Apa akhaNDa sarUpa rI // nija pada rame rAma so kahie, rahima kare rahemAna rI / kara se karama kAna se kahie, mahAdeva nirvANa rii|| parase rUpa pArasa so kahie, brahma cInheM so brahma rii| isa vidha sAdho Apa AnaMdaghana, cetanamaya niHkarma rI // uttamacanda aura udayacanda bhaMDArI jodhapura ke mahArAjA mAnasiMha ke maMtrI the. inakA racanAkAla saM0 1833 se 1886 taka hai. donoM hI bhaMDArI bandhuoM ne aneka racanAe~ kI jinase inake kAvyazAstrIya aura AdhyAtmika jJAna kA paricaya milatA hai. jaina sAhityakAroM kI saMkhyA saikar3oM hI nahIM hajAroM taka pahuMcatI hai. pratyeka kAla meM sAhityakAroM kI racanAe~ vikasita avasthA meM aura vividha rUpoM meM prApta hotI haiM. jaina sAhitya mukhyataH rAjasthAna aura gujarAta meM racA gayA kyoMki prAcInakAla meM jaina dharma kA pracAra bhI mukhyataH inhIM pradezoM meM huA. jaina sAhityakAroM ne sadA hI loka-bhASA, rAjasthAnI aura gujarAtI meM apanI racanAe~ likhIM jisase inakA pracAra samasta janatA meM sudUra dehAtoM taka meM huA. saMskRta aura hindI meM racita jaina sAhitya bhI upalabdha hotA hai kiMtu atyalpa mAtrA meM hI. rAjasthAnI bhASA meM racita jaina sAhitya rAjasthAna hI nahIM dezavideza ke aneka graMtha-bhaMDAroM meM milatA hai. rAjasthAna ke aneka sthAnoM meM jaina sAhitya sambandhI hajAroM hI hastalikhita grantha bikhare hue dhUla-dhUsarita aura jIrNa-zIrNa avasthA meM par3e hue haiM. ina granthoM ke vidhivat saMrakSaNa, sUcIkaraNa, saMpAdana aura prakAzana kI aba anivArya AvazyakatA hai. isa prakAra ke kAryoM ke pUrNarUpeNa sampAdita hone para jJAta hogA ki jaina sAhityakAroM kA rAjasthAnI sAhitya ke nirmANa evaM vikAsa meM mahattvapUrNa yoga rahA hai.
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________________ paM0 becaradAsa jIvajozI prAcIna digambarIya granthoM meM zvetAmbarIya AgamoM ke avataraNa jainadharma ke digambara aura zvetAmbara bhedoM ko bahuta-bahuta gaMbhIra vicAra karane ke bAda bhI maiM samajha nahIM sakatA, bhI hamArA samAja ina bhedoM ko mAna kara cala rahA hai, isI dRSTi se yahA~ ina bhedoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai. jaina AgamoM meM to spaSTa kahA gayA hai ki jo vidutya tithI bahutva alayo va saMvara na hoti paraM saMghe va a te jiNANAe.' - AcArAMga dvi zru0 sUtra 286 tAtparya yaha hai ki koI muni dvivastrI ho arthAt kevala do vastra rakhatA ho, koI tIna vastra dhAraNa karatA ho, koI bahuvastrI ho athavA koI acelaka (cela vastra se rahita) ho, aura apanI saMyamasAdhanA kara rahA ho to ve saba prakAra ke muni eka dUsare kI avahelanA nahIM karate, kyoMki ve saba jina bhagavAn kI AjJA ke anusAra cala rahe haiM. aura bhI kahA gayA hai jaM pivatthaM va pAyaM vA, kaMbalaM pAyapu chaNaM / vijA dhAreti pariharati ya // - dazavakAlika a0 6 gAthA 16 vastra pAtra kaMbala aura pAdapoMchanaka rajoharaNa ko saMyama kI sAdhanA ke liye hI muni grahaNa karate haiM aura saMyama kI sAdhanA ke liye tyAga bhI dete haiM. isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki vastrAdi upakaraNoM kI apekSA saMyama kI sAdhanA ke liye hI hai. 1 uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM jo kahA gayA, usakA tAtparya yaha hai ki zrI pArzvanAtha ke ziSya vastra rakhate the aura mahAvIra ke ziSya acelaka bhI rahate the. jaba donoM tIrthaMkaroM kA eka hI lakSya thA to isa bheda kA kyA kAraNa hai ? zrI pArzvanAtha kI paramparA ke tatkAlIna AcArya kezI ke isa prazna kA uttara bha0 mahAvIra kI paramparA ke pradhAna AcArya gautama ne isa prakAra diyA hai 'nirgrathoM ko loga amuka prakAra se pahacAneM aura saMyama sAdhanA kI yAtrA calatI rahe, isI hetu se liMga kA bAhya vezaparidhAnAdika kA prayojana hai aura isI uddezya ko lekara vezaparidhAna viSayaka nAnA prakAra kI vikalpanA kI gaI hai. hama nirgrantha muni janoM kI pramukha pratijJA to jIte jI nirvANa sAdhanA ke sambandha meM hai aura jJAna, darzana tathA cAritra kI *** (Jain Education pressing 1. acalago ya jo dhammo, jo imo santaruttaro / desiyo vaddhamANeNa, pAseNa ya mahAmukhI || egajjapavannANaM, visese kiM nu kAraNaM 1 | phira ** ******* - uttarAdhyayana, a0 23, gAthA0 26-30 *** *** dary.org
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________________ Jain E VVV wwwwwww 762 : muni zrI hajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya pUrNa zuddhi kA hama isI deha meM anubhava kareM, yahI hamArA mukhya dhyeya hai. ' ina ullekhoM ko lakSya meM rakhakara koI bhI buddhimAn taTastha vicAraka mAtra vezAdi bAhya bheda ke hI kAraNa eka hI AmnAya meM bheda kI kalpanA kaise kara sakatA hai ? prAcIna digambarIya graMthoM meM vartamAna aMgAdi AgamoM ke avataraNa pramANa rUpa uddhRta kiye hue milate haiM. isa tathya ko batalAne ke lie yahA~ katipaya sthaloM kI carcA kI jAtI hai. sarvajainasammata maharSi umAsvAti yA umAsvAmI dvArA praNIta tattvArthasUtra ke vivecana ke liye donoM paramparAoM meM kaI vRttiyAM vidyamAna haiM. unameM zrI bhaTTa akalaMkadevakRta rAjavAntika bhI eka vizAla graMtha hai. usake caturtha adhyAya ke chabbIsaveM sUtra 'vijayAdiSu dvicaramAH' ke vArtika meM vyAkhyAprajJapti arthAt bhagavatI sUtra kI sAkSI dI gaI hai. vArtika meM likhA hai - evaM hi vyAkhyAprajJaptidaNDakeSu uktam' aisA kaha kara vahA~ vyAkhyAprajJapti ke AlApakoM kA pramANa diyA gayA hai aura vahA~ yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki 'gautamaprazne bhagavatA uktam' arthAt gautama ke prazna karane para uttara ke rUpa meM bhagavAn ne aisA kahA hai. jisa vyAkhyAprajJapti meM gautama ne prazna kiye haiM aura bhagavAn ne unake uttara diye haiM, aisI vyAkhyAprajJapti bhagavatI sUtra kI yahAM sAkSI dI gaI hai. kintu aisI koI vyAkhyAprajJapti digambara AmnAya meM to upalabdha nahIM hai. zvetAmbara AmnAya meM paMcama aMga ke rUpa meM vyAkhyAprajJapti abhI vidyamAna hai aura usameM gautama ne prazna kiye haiM aura bhagavAn ne unake uttara die haiM. ataeva yaha spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki zrI akalaMka deva ne jisa vyAkhyAprajJapti kA havAlA diyA hai, vaha yahI vyAkhyAprajJapti hai jo zvetAmbara AmnAya meM prasiddha hai. zrI bhaTTa akalaMkadeva jI ne isa vyAkhyAprajJapti ko 'ArSa' vizeSaNa bhI diyA hai. isase jJAta hotA hai ki yahI vyAkhyAprajJapti zrI akalaMkadeva ke sAmane thI, jise unhoMne ukta sUtra ke vArtika meM sAkSya rUpa se svIkRta kiyA. akalaMka deva ne jisa daMDaka kA havAlA diyA hai vaha prastuta vyAkhyAprajJapti ke 24 veM zataka ke 22 veM uddezaka ke 16-17 veM sUtra meM praznottara rUpa se vidyamAna bhI hai. bhagavatI ArAdhanA nAmaka graMtha digambara AmnAya meM vizeSa prasiddha aura pratiSThita hai. usakI 'vijayodayA' nAma kI vRtti meM AcArAMga sUtra, sUtrakRtAMga dazakAlikasUtra, uttarAdhyayana sUtra aura nizI (niSedha) ke avataraNa pAye jAte haiM. ve avataraNa kramAnusAra isa prakAra haiM 'pUrvAgameSu vastrapAtrAdigrahaNamupadiSTam' (mUlArAdhanA, vijayodayA vRtti pR0 611) arthAt pUrvAgamoM meM vastra aura pAtra kA grahaNa karanA batAyA gayA hai. jaise ki- AcArasyApi dvitIyAdhyAyo lokavicayo nAma, tasya paJcame uddeze evamuktam paDileha pAda umA kaDA aNNadara uvadhi pAveva mUtArAdhanA vijayoti 0611). bAta yaha hai ki vijayodayAsakAra pUrvapakSa karate hue kahate haiM ki pUrva AgamoM-prAcIna AgamoM meM vastra aura pAtra Adi ko grahaNa karane kA upadeza diyA gayA hai, aisA kahakara ve kramazaH isa viSaya ke AgamoM ke avataraNa de rahe haiM. ve kahate haiM ki AcArAMga sUtra ke lokavicaya nAma ke dvitIya adhyayana ke pAMcaveM uddezaka meM kahA gayA hai ki 'pAtra, pAdapoMchanaka, vasati, kaDAsana-baiThane kA prAsana, aisI kisI anyatara upadhi ko prApta kare. ' vartamAna meM upalabdha AcArAMga sUtra ke lokavicaya nAmaka dvitIya avyayana ke pAMcaveM uddezaka meM jo pATha isa saMbaMdha meM hai, vaha isa prakAra hai- 'vatthaM paDiggahaM kaMbalaM pAyapuMchaNaM ca uggahaM ca kaDAsaNaM' ( AcArAMga dvi0 2 uddezaka 5 ) adhyayana 1. paccayatthaM ca logassa, nAyAvihavigappaNaM / jattatthaM gahaNatthaM ca, loge liMgapaoyaNaM // aha bhave pannA u, mokkhasanbhUyasANA | nANaM ca daMsaNaM caiva caritaM ceva nicchae / - uttarAdhyayana sUtra, a0 23, gA0 32-33. ce wwwwwww.drary.org
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________________ paM0 becaradAsa dozI : prAcIna digambarIya granthoM meM zvetAmbarIya AgamoM ke avataraNa :: 763 prastuta pATha kucha khaMDita-sA hai, phira bhI vijayodayA ke pATha se bahuta kucha samAnatA rakhatA hai. vijayodayAvRttikAra AcArAMga ke aura bhI uddharaNa dete haiM, jaise--AcArAMga ke dvitIya zrutaskaMdha meM vatthesaNA (vastraiSaNA) prakaraNa AtA hai. usakA nirdeza karate hue vijayodayAvRttikAra likhate haiM-'tathA vatthesaNAe vuttaM' ityAdi. (pR0 611) isI prakAra pAesaNAe kathitaM' kaha kara pAtraSaNA prakaraNa ke pATha kA bhI nirdeza karate haiM. AcArAMgasUtra ke dvitIya zrutaskaMdhagata 'bhAvanA' adhyayana kA bhI 'bhAvanAyAM coktam' kahakara ullekha karate haiM. phira 'tathA coktam AcArAMge' kaha kara 'sudaM me AusaMto bhagavadA evamakkhAda' ityAdi kA nirdeza karate hue vijayodayAkAra AcArAMga ke avataraNa ko dikhAte haiM. usake bAda 'kAraNamapekSya vastragrahaNam ityasya prasAdhakam AcAre vidyate" aisA nirdeza karake aha puNa evaM jANejja uvAtika te hemaMte (haMsu) paDivaNNe se atha paDijjuNNamuvadhi paDiTThavejjA' iti. yaha pATha kucha azuddha-sA hai. ThIka pATha AcArAMga ke AThaveM vimoha adhyayana ke cauthe uddezaka meM isa prakAra hai'aha puNa evaM jANejjA uvAikkate khalu hemaMte, gimhe paDivanne, ahAparijuNNAI vatthAI pariTThavejjA.' isa prakAra vijayodayAvRttikAra ne pR0 610 se 616 taka ke mudrita pannoM meM kaI jagaha AcArAMga kA nirdeza karake kaI avataraNa diye haiM. isakA artha yaha hai ki ve AcArAMga ko pramANarUpa pratiSThita mAnate the. isI se pUrvapakSa karake bhI isake avataraNa unhoMne die haiM. isI prakAra ukta pannoM meM sUtrakRtAMga sUtra ke puMDarIka adhyayana (dvi0 zruta0) tathA uttarAdhyayana aura dazavakAlika ke prAcArapraNidhi-adhyayana kA nAma lekara avataraNa die haiM. isa TIkA meM niSedha (nizItha) tathA kalpa aura Avazyaka sUtra ke bhI bahuta-se avataraNa vidyamAna haiM. dhavalA TIkA meM (SaTkhaMDAgama tIsarA bhAga pR0 35) 'logo vAdapadiTThido tti viyAhapaNNattivayaNAdo' kaha kara viyAhapaNNatti kA prAmANya svIkRta kiyA hai. 'loka vAtapratiSThita hai.' aisA viyAhapaNNatti kA vacana hai. vartamAna meM prApta viyAhapaNNatti meM loka vAtapratiSThita kahA hai. yaha varNana prathama zataka ke chaThe uddezaka meM 224 veM praznottara meM hai. isake atirikta dhavalATIkA meM (SaTkhaMDAgama pra0 bhA0 pR0 54) 'jassaMtiyaM' ityAdi padya kA avataraNa kiyA hai. vaha padya dazavakAlika sUtra ke navaveM adhyayana kI bArahavIM gAthA hai. isI prakAra vijayodayAvRtti meM SaD Avazyaka kA vicAra, dazakalpavicAra, upadhAnavicAra Adi aneka carcAe~ sacelaka paramparA ke AgamoM ke anusAra milatI haiM. kintu sacelaka paramparA ke sAtha sambandha chUTa jAne se kahIM-kahIM vyAkhyA meM avyavasthA ho gaI hai. acelaka paramparAnusArI laghupratikramaNa kI likhita presakApI mere pAsa hai, jo mere mitra zrI nAthUrAmajI premI ne mujhe karIba tIsa-cAlIsa varSa pahale dI thI. usameM 'karemi bhaMte ! sUtra, logassa sUtra, tassuttarI sUtra, annattha UsasieNaM sUtra, iriyAvahI sUtra Adi kaI sUtra barAbara sacelaka paramparA ke sUtroM ke samAna haiM. pratikramaNa kI yaha paddhati abhI sacelaka paramparA meM pracalita hai, yahI acelaka paramparA meM bhI pracalita rahI hogI isa laghU pratikramaNa ke pAThoM se isa anumAna kA samarthana hotA hai. acelaka paramparA ke zAstrapremiyoM ne 'pratikramaNagranthatrayI' nAmaka eka pustaka prakAzita kI hai. usameM diyA huA zramaNasUtra kA pATha sacelaka paramparA ke zramaNasUtra ke pATha se atyadhika sAmya rakhatA hai. usakI vRtti ke kartA zrIprabhAcandra nAmaka koI prAcIna manISI haiM. isa pustaka meM pratikramaNa kA mUla pATha nahIM diyA hai. vaha diyA gayA hotA tathA sacelaka paramparA se tulanA karake prakAzita kiyA gayA hotA to adhika uttama hotA. adhika avataraNa dekara lekha ko lambA banAne kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai. isa ladhukAya lekha se bhI yaha tathya pUrNarUpa se samarthita hotA hai ki AgamoM kA na viccheda huA hai, na lopa. samagra jaina saMgha AgamoM ko ArSa tayA pramANarUpa svIkAra karatA thA, cAhe vaha acelakasaMgha ho yA sacelakasaMgha ! isa tathya kA digdarzana karAne kA hI yahA~ kiMcit prayAsa kiyA gayA hai.. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ Jain Educatio GAUD zrInemicandra zAstrI pI-eca0 DI0 jaina kAleja, ArA saMskRta koSasAhiya ko AcArya hema kI apUrva dena saMskRta kozasAhitya kI paramparA :- saMskRta bhASA meM nighaNTava :- nighaNTuoM kI mahattvapUrNa zabdAvalI yAska ke koza kA nAma sarvaprathama AtA hai. ' amarakoSa kI TIkA meM bhAguri ke prAcIna uddharaNa dIkSita ne apanI amarakozaTIkA meM AcArya Apizala kA eka vacana UddhRta kiyA hai. bhI koI koSagrantha likhA hai. uNAdisUtra ke vRttikAla ujjvayaladatta dvArA uddhRta eka vacana se hotI hai. Apizala vaiyAkaraNa the, inakA sthiti kAla pANini se pUrva hai. koSa-grantha likhane kI paramparA vaidika yuga se calI A rahI hai. nirukta ke sAtha upalabdha hai. vilupta koSa-granthoM meM bhAgurikRta upalabdha hote haiM. bhAnuji jisase spaSTa hai ki unhoMne bhI ukta tathya kI puSTi kezava ne nAnArthArgava saMkSepa meM zAkaTAyana ke kozaviSayaka vacana UddhRta kiye haiM, jinase inake kozakAra hone kI saMbhAvanA hai. 3 abhidhAna cintAmaNi Adi kozagranthoM kI vibhinna TIkAoM meM vyADikRta kisI vilupta koza ke uddharaNa milate haiM. 4 kItha ne apane saMskRta sAhitya ke itihAsa meM nAmamAlA ke karttA kAvyAyana, zabdArNava ke racayitA vAcaspati aura saMsArAvarta ke lekhaka vikramAditya kA ullekha kiyA hai. 5 upalabdha kozagranthoM meM sabase prAcIna aura khyAtiprApta amarasiMha kA amarakoza hai. DaoN0 hArnale ne isakA racanAkAla 625-40 I0 ke vIca mAnA hai. yaha samAnArtha zabdoM kA saMgraha hai aura viSaya kI dRSTi se isakA vinyAsa tIna kANDoM meM kiyA gayA hai. isakI aneka TIkAoM meM gyArahavIM zatAbdI meM likhI gayI kSIrasvAmI kI TIkA bahuta prasiddha hai. isake pariziSTa ke rUpa meM saMkalita puruSottamadeva kA trikANDazeSa hai, jisameM unhoMne virala zabdoM kA saMkalana kiyA hai. kavi aura vaiyAkaraNa ke rUpa meM khyAtiprApta halAyudha ne abhidhAnaratnamAlA nAmaka kozagrantha I0 san 150 ke lagabhaga likhA hai. isameM paryAyavAcI samAnArthaka zabdoM kA saMkalana hai. dAkSiNAtya AcArya yAdava ne vaijJAnika paddhati para jayantI koza likhA hai, navIM zatI ke vidvAn dhanaJjaya ne nAmamAlA anekArthanAmamAtA aura anekArthanighaNTu ye tIna kozagrantha likhe haiM ye tInoM ko chAtropayogI sarala aura sundara zailI meM likhe gaye haiM. koza sAhitya kI samRddhi kI dRSTi se bArahavIM zatAbdI mahattvapUrNa hai. isa zatI meM kezavasvAmI ne nAnArthArNavasaMkSepa evaM zabdakalpadruma, mahezvara ne vizvaprakAza, abhayapAla ne nAnArtharatnamAlA aura bhairava kavi ne anekArthakoSa kI racanA kI hai. isI zatAbdI ke mahAvidvAn AcArya hemacandra ne abhidhAnacintAmaNi, anekArthasaMgraha evaM niSanduzeSa kI racanA kI hai. 1. sarvAnandaviracita TIkAsarvasva bhAga 1 pR0 163. 2. zramaraTIkA 1|1|66 50 68. 3. abhidhAnacintAmaNi- caukhambA saMskaraNa prastAvanA pR0 6. 4. abhidhAnacintAmaNi 1 / 5, 34/22 aura 25. 5. kItha-saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa pR0 486. By
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________________ nemicandra zAstrI : saMskRta koSasAhitya ko AcArya hema kI apUrva dena : 765 caudahavIM zatAbdI meM medinikara ne anekArthazabdakoza, harihara ke mantrI irupada daNDAdhinAtha ne nAnArtha ratnamAlA aura zrIdharasena ne vizvalocana koza likhA hai. satrahvIM zatI meM kezava daivajJa ne kalpadruma aura appaya dIkSita ne nAmasaMgrahamAlA evaM vedAMgarAya ne pArasIprakAza koza kI racanA kI hai. inake atirikta mahipa kA anekArthatilaka, zrImallabhaTTa kA AkhyAtacandrikA, mahAdeva vedAntI kA anAdikoza, saurabhI kA ekArthanAmamAlA-dvayakSaranAmamAlA koza, rAghava kavi kA kozAvataMsa, bhoja kA nAmamAlA koza, zAhajI kA zabdaratnasamuccaya, karNapUra kA saMskRta-pArasIkaprakAza evaM zivadatta kA vizvakoza upayogI saMskRta kozagraMtha haiM. prAcArya hema kA mahatva aura unakI aitihAsika sAmagrI-hemacandra ke saMskRtakozagraMtha sAhitya kI amUlya nidhi haiM. inake granthoM meM bhASA, vijJAna, itihAsa, saMskRti evaM sAhitya sambandhI mahatvapUrNa sAmagrI saMkalita hai. abhidhAnacintAmaNi kI svopajJavRtti meM inhoMne apane pUrvakarmI 56 graMthakAroM aura 31 graMthoM kA ullekha kiyA hai. yathA : amara [55-17 tathA 21]', amarAdi [276-21,266-14], alaMkArakRt [112-13], Agamavid [70-14], utpala [74-14] kAtya [56-10,62-8] kAmandaki [550 / 4], kAlidAsa [413-2,440-16], kauTilya [70-4,266-2], kauzika [166- 13,170-28] kSIrasvAmI [350-6,461-17[, gauDa [36-26,53-3], cANakya [364-5] cAndra [528-25]dantila[121-122,563-3], durga[57-28, 174-27],dramila[151-7, 206-27], dhanapAla[1-5,76-21], dhanvantari [166-28,256-7], nandI [52-53], nArada [357-18, naisakta[164-18, 186-6], padArthavid[208-22], pAlakApya [465-27], paurANika [373-6] prAcya [28-26], buddhisAgara 245-25], bauddha [101-17] bhaTTatauta [24-17], bhaTTi [563-23], bharata [117-6] bhAguri [66-14], bhASkAra [66-23], bhoja [157-17], manu [63-11], mAgha [62-17], muni [171-18] yAjJavalkya [336-2] yAjJika [103-6] laukika [378-23], vAgbhaTa [167-1], vAcaspati [1-6], vAsuki [1-5], vizvadatta [46-8], vaijayantIkAra [131-23], vaidya [166-28], vyADi [1-5] zAbdika [43-7], zAzvata [64-7], zrIharSa [118-7], zrutijJa [332-27], sabhya [134-1], smArta [209-210], halAyudha [144-15] evaM hRdya [453-27]. ina graMthakAroM ke atirikta amarakoza [8-5], amaraTIkA 45-13]. [amaramAlA [440-32], amarazeSa [153-20], arthazAstra [267-25] dhAtupArAyaNa [1-11], bhArata [338-13], mahAbhArata [81-23], vAmanapurANa [46.26], viSNupurANa [66-16], zAkaTAyana [2-1], evaM smRti [35-27] Adi 31 graMthoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai. jahAM zabdoM ke artha meM matabheda upasthita hotA hai, vahA~ AcArya hema anya graMtha tathA graMthakAroM ke vacana uddhRta kara usa matabheda kA spaSTIkaraNa karate haiM. phalataH prasaMgavaza aneka graMtha aura graMthakAroM ke sambandha meM paryApta jAnakArI kI sAmagrI vartamAna hai. vilupta kozakAra bhAgurI aura vyADi ke sambandha meM abhidhAna-cintAmaNi se hI tathyoM kI jAnakArI prApta hotI hai. navIna zabdoM kA saMkalana-abhidhAnacintAmaNi meM isa prakAra ke zabda pracura parimANa meM Aye haiM, jo anya kozagraMthoM meM nahIM milate. amarakoza meM sundara ke paryAyavAcI--sundaram, ruciram, cAruH, suSamam, sAdhuH, zobhanam , kAntam, manoramam, rucyam, manojJam, maMjuH aura maMjulam ye bAraha zabda Aye haiM. hema ne isI sundaram ke paryAyavAcI cAruH, hAri ruciram, manoharam. valgu., kAntam abhirAmam, bandhuram, vAmam, rucyam, zuSamam, zobhanam, maMjulam, maMjuH, manoramam, sAdhuH, ramyam, manoramam, pezalam, hRdyam, kAmyam, kamanIyam, saumyam, madhuram aura priyam ye 26 zabda batalAye haiM. itanA hI nahIM hema ne apanI vRtti meM 'laDaha' dezI zabda ko bhI sauMdaryavAcI grahaNa kiyA hai. amarakoza ke sAtha tulanA karate hue kucha zabdoM ke paryAyoM kA nirdeza kiyA jAtA hai. pAha. 1. abhidhAnacintAmaNi ke bhAvanagara saMskaraNa ke pRSTha aura paMkti nirdiSTa haiM. NIORAT R ICTUTTARUNATuiumu MAINALISHALIRAJAMANARDANAN OUDHARY TY CELEBRIDAMAUNIG RANDRA Lum MARAM KLA SAMUNDRANI HinduDYO UMIDITO Jain E ngla SHAary.org
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________________ wwww 766 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya nAma sUrya kiraNa candra ziva gaurI brahmA viSNu agni Jain Educommended amarakoza kI paryAyasaMkhyA 37 11 20 48 17 20 36 34 abhidhAnacintAmaNi kI paryAyasaMkhyA 72 36 32 77 32 40 75 51 paryAyavAcI zabdoM kI sakhyAdhikya ke atirikta aise navIna zabda bhI samAviSTa haiM, jo saMskRti aura sAhitya ke lie vizeSa mahattvapUrNa haiM. isa koza meM jisake varNa yA pada lupta hoM - jisakA pUrA-pUrA uccAraNa nahIM kiyA gayA ho usa vacana kA nAma 'grastam' aura thUkasahita vacana kA nAma 'ambUkRtam' AyA hai. zubhavANI- kalyANaprada vacana kA nAma 'kalyA', harSa-krIr3A se yukta vacana ke nAma 'carcarI' aura 'carmarI' evaM nindApUrvaka upAlambhayukta vacana kA nAma 'paribhASaNa' AyA hai. jale hue bhAta ke lie missaTA [3 60] aura dagdhikA nAma Aye haiM. gehUM ke ATe ke lie samitA [3-66 ] aura jau ke ATe ke lie cikkasa [3-66 ] nAma Ae haiM. nAka kI vibhinna banAvaTa vAle vyaktiyoM ke vibhinna nAmoM kA ullekha bhI isa bAta kA sUcaka hai ki AcArya hema ko mAnavazAstra kI kitanI adhika jAnakArI thI. inhoMne cipaTI nAkavAle ko natanAsika, avanATa, avaTITa aura avamraTa, nukIlI nAkavAle ko kharaNAsa, choTI nAkavAle ko naHkSudra aura kSudranAsika, khura ke samAna bar3I nAkavAle ko khuraNasa evaM UMcI nAkavAle ko unnasa aura ugranAsika kahA hai. " nRtattvavijJAna kA adhyayana karanevAle zarIra ke anya aMgopAMgoM ke sAtha nAka evaM kezaracanA ko vizeSa mahattva dete haiM to mAnavasamUhoM ke prajAtIya vargIkaraNa ke lie zarIra ke vibhinna aMgoM kI nApajokha raktasamUhavizleSaNa, mAMsapeziyoM kA gaThana, tvacA, AMkha aura keza ke raMga evaM keza racanA kA upayoga karate haiM, para nAka aura AMkha kI banAvaTa pramukha sthAna rakhatI hai. hema ne isa dRSTi se maMgolaoNyaDa, kAkesAyaDa, aphrIkI nIgraoNyaDa, melAneziyana aura pAlIneziyana prajAtiyoM ke mAnavoM kA citra upasthita kara diyA hai. aMgopAMgoM ke vibhinna nAmoM ke vivecana se yaha sahaja meM avagata kiyA jA sakatA hai ki hema ko nRtattvajJAna kI gaharI jAnakArI thI. 1. pati-putra se hIna strI ke lie nirA [1-124] jisa strI ko dAr3hI yA mUMcha ke bAla ho, usako naramAlinI [3-115/vahI zAlI ke lie kula [3-216] aura choTI vAlI ke lie hAjI, yantraNI aura kelikuMcikA [3-211] nAma Aye haiM. choTI zAlI ke ina nAmoM ko dekhane se avagata hotA hai ki usa samaya meM choTI zAlI ke sAtha ha~sI-majAka karane kI prathA thI. sAtha hI patnI kI mRtyu ke pazcAt choTI zAlI se vivAha bhI kiyA jAtA thA. isI kAraNa ise kelikuMcikA kahA gayA hai. dAhinI aura bAyIM A~khoM ke lie pRthak-pRthak zabda isI koza meM Aye haiM. dAhinI AMkha kA nAma mAnavIya aura bAyIM AMkha kA nAma saumya [3-240] kahA gayA hai. isI prakAra jIbha ke maila ko kulukam aura dAMta ke maila ko pippikA [2-226] kahA gayA hai ke paMkhe kA nAma pavitram, kapar3e ke paMkhe kA nAma AlAvartam evaM tAr3a ke paMkhe kA nAma vyajanam [3-351-52] AyA hai. nAva ke bIcavAle DaNDoM kA nAma poliMdA, UparavAle bhAga kA nAma maMga evaM nAva ke bhItara jame hue pAnI ko bAhara pheMkanevAle camar3e ke pAtra kA nAma sekapAtra yA secana [3-542 ] batAyA hai. ye zabda apane bhItara sA~skRtika itihAsa bhI sameTe hue haiM. chappara chAne ke lie lagAyI gaI lakar3I kA nAma gopAnasI [4-75], jisa 1. abhidhAnacintAmaNi 3 / 115. yary.org
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________________ nemicandra zAstrI : saMskRta koSasAhitya ko prAcArya hema kI apUrva dena : 767 meM bAMdhakara mathAnI ghumAyI jAtI hai, usa khambhe kA nAma viSkambha [4-86], sikkA Adi rUpa meM pariNata sonA-cAMdI, tAMbA Adi saba dhAtuoM kA nAma rUpyam, mizrita sonA-cAMdI kA nAma ghanagolaka [4-112-113], kuMA ke Upara rassI bAMdhane ke lie kASTha Adi kI banI huI carakhI kA nAma taMtrikA [4-157], ghara ke pAsa vAle bagIce kA nAma niSkuTa, gAMva yA nagara ke bAharavAle bagIce kA nAma pauraka [4-178], krIr3A ke lie banAye gae bagIce kA nAma AkrIDa yA udyAna [4-178], rAjAoM ke antaHpura ke yogya ghire hue bagIce kA nAma pramadavana [4-176], dhanikoM ke bagIce kA nAma puSpavATI yA vRkSavATI [4-179] evaM choTe bagIce kA nAma kSudrArAma yA prasIdikA [4-0176] AyA hai. prasAdhanasAmagrI sUcaka zabdAvali-abhidhAnacintAmaNi kA jahA~ aneka dRSTiyoM se mahattva hai, vahAM prAcIna bhArata meM prayukta hone vAlI vibhinna prakAra kI prasAdhanasAmagrI kI dRSTi se bhI. isa koza meM zarIra ko saMskRta karane ko parikarma (3 / 266), ubaTana lagAne ko utsAdana (3 / 266), kastUrI-kukama kA lepa lagAne ko aMgarAga ; candana, agara, kastUrI aura kukuma ke mizraNa ko catuHsamam ; kapUra agara; kaMkola, kasturI aura candanadrava ko mizrita kara banAye gaye lepavizeSa ko yakSakardama evaM zarIrasaMskArArtha lagAye jAnevAle lepa kA nAma vati yA gAtrAnulepanI kahA gayA hai. mastaka para dhAraNa kI jAne vAlI phUla kI mAlA kA nAma mAlyam, bAloM ke bIca meM sthApita phUla kI mAlA kA nAma garbha coTI meM laTakanevAlI phUloM kI mAlA kA nAma prabhravRkam sAmane laTakatI huI puSpamAlA kA nAma lalAmakam, chAtI para tirthI laTakatI huI puSpamAlA kA nAma vaikakSam, kaNTha se chAtI para sIdhe laTakatI huI phUloM kI mAlA kA nAma prAlambam, zira para lapeTI huI mAlA kA nAma ApIDa, kAna para laTakatI huI mAlA kA nAma avataMsa evaM striyoM ke jUDe meM lagI huI mAlA kA nAma bAlapAzyA AyA hai.' isI prakAra, kAna, kaNTha, gardana, hAtha, paira, kamara Adi vibhinna aMgoM meM dhAraNa kiye jAne vAle AbhUSaNoM ke aneka nAma Aye haiM. ina nAmoM se avagata hotA hai ki zarIra ko sajAne kI prathA kisa-kisa rUpa meM pracalita thI. prasAdhanasAmagrI meM vibhinna prakAra ke vastrAbhUSaNoM sAtha nAnA prakAra ke sugandhita padArtha bhI parigaNita the. rezamI, sUtI aura UnI vastroM ke upayoga karane ke vibhinna tarIke jJAta the. vastra tvak-tIsI, sana Adi kI chAla, phala-kapAsa, krimi-rezama ke kIr3e Adi evaM roma--bher3oM kI Una yA UMToM kI Una se taiyAra kiye jAte the. mRga-hariNa ke roma se bhI vastra taiyAra kiye jAte the. isa prakAra ke vastroM ko rAMkavam kahA hai. sAr3I ke nIce striyAM sAyA-peTIkoTa bhI pahanatI thIM, AcArya hema ne isa koza meM dhanika aura uttamakula kI mahilAoM ke dvArA sAr3I ke nIce dhAraNa kiye jAne vAle peTIkoTa ke caNDAtakam aura calanaka ye do nAma likhe haiM. sAmAnya parivAra kI striyAM jisa peTIkoTa ko pahanatI thIM, usakA nAma calanI kahA hai.6 blAuja bhI aneka prakAra ke upayoga meM lAye jAte the tathA inake sIne ke bhI aneka tarIke pracalita the. unake cola, kaJculikA, kUpasika, aMgikA evaM kaJcuka nAma vastroM kI vividhatA ke sAtha sIne ke prakAroM para bhI prakAza DAlate haiM. palaMgapoza kA rivAja bhI samAja meM thA, sUtI palaMgapoza, jo ki gadde ke Upara bichAyA jAtA thA, nicola kahalAtA (3 / 340) thA. sAdhAraNataH bichAne ke kAma meM AnevAlI cAdara pracchadapaTa (31340) kahI jAtI thI. nicula (3 / 340) usa palaMgapoza kA nAma hai jo dhanika aura sampanna vyaktiyoM ke yahA~ upayoga meM lAyA jAtA thA. yaha rezamI hotA thA. isake Upara kArIgarI bhI kI jAtI thI, sAdhAraNa aura madhyamakoTi ke vyakti jisa cAdara kA upayoga karate the, use uttaracchada (3 / 340) kahA hai. 1. dekheM-kANDa 3 zloka 314-321. 2. dekheM-kANDa 3 zloka 320-321. 3. tvakphala krimiromamyaH saMbhavAccaturvidham -31332. 4. abhighAta cintAmaNi 3 / 333. 5. vahI 31338. 6. vahI 3/338. 7. vahI 3/338, N A TIONALNITINMum wANDU HTINAMILLILAIMERCom (CSC VADINIK MANY HD O JainEduSEEGE Vorary.org
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________________ 718 : muni zrIhajArImala ramRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya pAjAmA, aMgarakhA yA burkA kA nAma AprapadIna (3 / 342) AyA hai. isase spaSTa hai ki prasAdhanasAmagrI meM pajAmA bhI A cukA thA. jAlIdAra kapar3e bhI kAma meM lAye jAte the, inheM zANI aura goNI (3 / 343) kahA hai. pairoM ko mojA yA paitAbA pahanakara sajAyA jAtA thA. ataH maujA kA nAma anupadInA (31576) AyA hai. puSpoM se bhI zarIra kA prasAdhana kiyA jAtA thA, isa prasAdhana ke bhI aneka nAma Aye haiM. guladaste bhI upayoga meM lAye jAte the. hema ke gucchoM ke nAmoM meM AyA huA guluJcha (4 / 162) zabda guladaste kA hI vAcaka hai. bhASAvijJAnasambandhI sAmagro-bhASAvijJAna ko dRSTi se yaha koza bar3A mUlyavAn hai. AcArya hema ne isameM jina zabdoM kA saMkalana kiyA hai, una para prAkRta, apabhraMza evaM anya dezI bhASAoM ke zabdoM kA pUrNata: prabhAva lakSita hotA hai. usake aneka zabda to Adhunika bhAratIya bhASAoM meM dikhalAyI par3ate haiM. kucha aise zabda haiM, jo bhASAvijJAna ke samIkaraNa, viSamIkaraNa Adi siddhAntoM se prabhAvita haiM. yahA~ udAharaNArtha kucha zabda uddhata kiye jAte haiM[1] polikA [3|62]-gujraatii meM poNI, brajabhASA meM ponI, aura bhojapurI meM piunI tathA hindI meM piunI. [2] modako laDukazca [zeSa 3|64]-hindii meM laDDU, gujarAtI meM lADu, aura rAjasthAnI meM lADU. [3] coTI [3 / 336] -hindI meM coTI, gujarAtI meM coNI, rAjasthAnI meM cor3I yA cuNikA aura bhojapurI meM cuTiyA. [4] samo kandukagenduko [3 / 353] -hindI meM geMda, brajabhASA meM ginda yA giMda, aura bhojapurI meM giMda yA geMda. [5] heriko gUDhapuruSaH [3|367]-brjbhaassaa meM hera yA heranA-dekhanA, gujarAtI meM hera. [6] taravAri [3 / 446] -brajabhASA meM taravAra, rAjasthAnI aura pUrvI boliyoM meM talavAra tathA gujarAtI meM taravAra. [7] jaMgalo nirjala: [4|16]--brjbhaassaa, hindI aura sabhI dezI boliyoM meM jaMgala. [8] suruMgA tu sandhilA syAd gUDhamArgoM bhuvo'ntare [4151]-brajabhASA, hindI, gujarAtI aura sabhI pUrvI boliyoM meM suraMga. TE] nizreNI tvadhirohiNI [476]-brajabhASA meM nasenI, gujarAtI meM nIsaraNI, bhojapurI meM sIr3hI, magahI meM nisenI tathA pAlI meM bhI nisenI rUpa AyA hai. [10] cAlanI titau [4 / 84] brajabhASA, rAjasthAnI aura gujarAtI meM cAlanI, hindI meM calanI yA chananI. [11] peTA syAnmaJjUSA [4|81]-raajsthaanii meM peTI gujarAtI meM peTI yA peTo aura brajabhASA meM piTArI, peTI. [12] parivAraH parigrahaH [3|376]-hindii meM parivAra, pUrvI boliyoM meM parivAra aura rAjasthAnI meM paDivAra yA parivADa. vyutpattimUlaka vizeSatAe~-[1] maMkyate maNDyate vapuranena mukuraH, AtmA dRzyate'nenAtmadarzaH, AdRzyate rUpamasminnAdarza:, dRpyantye'nena suveSA iti darpaNaH [3|348]-jiske dvArA zarIra ko suzobhita kiyA jAya arthAt jisameM apanI pratikati kA avalokana kara maNDana--prasAdhana kiyA jAya use mukura, jisameM apanA svarUpa dekhA jAya use Atmadarza, pUrNa rUpa se acchI taraha jisameM apanA rUpa dekhA jAya use Adarza aura jisameM apanI pratikRti dekhakara apane veSa ko susajjita kiyA jAya tathA AkarSaka banAyA jAya use darpaNa kahate haiM. darpaNa meM apanI veSa-bhuSA dekhakara gauravajanya AnandAnubhUti hotI hai, yaha darpaNa zabda kI vyutpatti se spaSTa hai. mukura, Atmadarza, Adarza aura darpaNa ye cAroM darpaNa ke paryAyavAcI zabda haiM, kintu vyutpatti kI dRSTi se ina zabdoM ke artha meM maulika antara hai. (2) nakSati gacchati vyomanIti nakSatra', na kSadati prabhAmiti nakSatram. taratIti tArakA, tarantyanayA tArA dyotate jyotiH bhAti bhaM, bhA vidyate'syeti vA iyati khamiti uDuH, gRhyate iti grahaH, dhuSNoti pragalbhate nizIti viSNyam. arjate gacchati RtaM, RNoti tama iti vA (2 / 21) * lio * * * * * * * * n e- * * * * * * one monale Maint a T . . . . . . . . . i . . . . l.. . . . . . . ... . . . . . . ................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..rla . . . . . . . . b haistsI... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . d.dinelibrary.org . . . . . .
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________________ nemicandra zAstrI : saMskRta koSasAhitya ko AcArya hema kI apUrva dena : 766 nakSatra ke nau nAmoM kA nirUpaNa karate hue unakI vyutpattiyA~ dekara artha sambandhI sUkSmatAoM para bahuta sundara prakAza DAlA gayA hai. jo AkAza meM gamana kare athavA jinakI prabhA -- kAMti kA saMvaraNa kabhI na ho vaha nakSatra hai. jo AkAza meM tairatA hai, vaha tArakA nakSatra hai. jisake dvArA AkAza kA atikramaNa kiyA jAtA hai vaha tArA hai. jisameM prakAza vidyamAna hai vaha jyoti, jisameM krAMti ho athavA jo camakatA yA TimaTimAtA ho vaha bha hai. AkAza meM ur3ane ke kAraNa uDu, grahaNa hone ke kAraNa graha, rAtri meM prakAzita hone ke kAraNa dhiSNya aura sIdhA gamana karane ke kAraNa RkSa athavA andhakAra kA dhvaMsa karane se RkSa kahA jAtA hai. nakSatra ke nAmoM kI vyutpattiyA~ amarakoSa kI TIkAoM meM bhI AyI haiM, kiMtu AcArya hema ne RkSa, nakSatra aura bha kI vyutpatti meM apanA eka nayA dRSTikoNa upasthita kiyA hai. , (3) veveSTi spApnoti vizvaM viSNuharati pA hari haSIkANAmindriyANAmIzo vazitA hRSIkezaH prazastAH dezA santyasya kezavaH, indramupagato'nujatvAd upendraH, vizvak sarvavyApinI viSUcI vA senA'sya viSvaksenaH, narA Apo bhUtAni vAtAyate nArAyaNaH, narasya apatyaM nArAyaNaH adhaH kRtvA'ndriyANi jAto'yoH ayo yANAM jAyate pratyakSIbhavati vA, akSajaM jJAnamadho'syeti vA gAM bhuvaM vindati govindaH, muJcati pApino mukundaH, mAyA lakSmyA dhavo bhartA mAdhavaH madhorapatyaM vA vizvaM vibharti vizvaMbharaH, jayati daityAn jinaH, trayo viziSTAH kramAH sRSTisthitipralayadaNAH zaktayo'sya trivikramaH triSu lokeSu vikramaH pAdavinyAso'syeti vA jahAti mucati pAguSThAd gaMgAmiti jahna, vanamAlA'styasya vanamAlI, puNDarIke iva akSiNI asya puNDarIkAkSaH (2 / 132) AcArya hema ne viSNu ke 75 nAma batalAye haiM aura svopajJavRtti meM sabhI nAmoM kI vyutpattiyAM aMkita kI gaI haiM. uparyukta sandarbha meM kucha hI nAmoM kI vyutpattiyAM dI jA rahI haiM. ina vyutpattiyoM ke anusAra jo saMsAra ko vyApta karatA hai, vaha viSNu hai. pApa ko naSTa karane ke kAraNa hari, indriyoM kA vijayI hone ke kAraNa hRSIkeza, prazasta kezavAlA hone se kezava, indra kA anuja hone se upendra, vizva vyApinI senA rakhane ke kAraNa viSvaksena, jala meM rahane se nArAyaNa, nara kA putra hone se nArAyaNa, iMdriyajJAna ko tiraskRta kara atIdriya jJAna kA dhArI hone se adhokSaja, pRthvI kI rakSA karane ke kAraNa goviMda, pApa ko chur3Ane se mukunda, lakSmI kA pati hone se mAdhava, vizva-saMsAra kA bharaNa karanevAlA hone se vizvaMbhara, daityoM ko jItane ke kAraNa jina, sRSTi kI utpatti, sthiti aura pralaya rUpa tInoM zaktiyoM se yukta hone se trivikrama athavA tInoM lokoM meM pAdanyAsa karane se trivikrama, paira ke aMgUThe se gaMgA nadI ko pravAhita karane ke kAraNa jahnaH, vanamAlA gale meM rahane se vanamAlI aura puNDarIka ke samAna netra hone se puNDarIkAkSa viSNu ko kahA jAtA hai. viSNu ke nAmoM kI ina vyutpattiyoM meM itihAsa aura saMskRti kI dRSTi se aneka nayI bAtoM kA samAveza huA hai. (4) ziSayate varNaviveko nayA zikSA. karmo virUpaH prayogaH kalpyate'vagamyate'nena yaH vyAkiyanyAyante zabdA zranena vyAkaraNam. chAdyate'nena prastArAd bhUriticchandaH jyotiSAM grahANAM gatijJAnaheturgrantho jyotiH jyotiSam gamAdibhinirvacanaM niruktiH niruktam (21164). SaDaMga kI vyutpattiyAM prastuta karate hue AcArya hema ne SaDaMga kA svarUpa kitane spaSTa aura vistRta rUpa se upasthita kiyA hai, yaha sahaja meM jAnA jA sakatA hai. jisake dvArA varNavivekavarNoccAraNa, varNoM kA sthAna, prayatna Adi avagata ho, use zikSA kahate haiM. karmoM kA siddhasvarUpa jinake dvArA jJAta kiyA jAya ve kalpa haiM. isase spaSTa hai ki kalpasUtroM kI AdhArazilA karmakANDa hai tathA hindUdharma ke samasta karma, saMskAra, nikhila anuSThAna aura samasta saMskRti evaM azeSa kriyAkAMDa ko samajhane ke lie ekamAtra AdhAra ye kalpagraMtha hI haiM. prakRti aura pratyaya ke vibhAga dvArA zabdoM kI vyAkhyA karane ko vyAkaraNa kahate haiM. dhAtu aura pratyaya ke saMzleSaNa evaM vizleSaNa dvArA bhASA ke Antarika gaThana ke vicAra ko bhI isa vyutpatti meM sameTa liyA gayA hai. zabdoM kI vyutpatti evaM unakI prANavanta prakiyA ke rahasya kA udghATana bhI ukta svatpatti meM zAmila hai. jisake prastAra se pRthvI ko AcchAdita kiyA jA sake, use inda kahate haiM. isa vyutpatti meM piMgalAcArya kI samasta bhUmaNDala ko vyApta karanevAlI kathA bhI A gaI hai. jisa graMtha se grahoM kI gati ora sthiti *** Jain Education Internatio *** *** *** Calibrary.org
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________________ 800 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya wwwww kA jJAna prApta kiyA jAya, use jyotiSa kahate haiM. varNAgama varNalopa varNavikAra Adi ke dvArA jisakA nirvacana upasthita kiyA jAya use nirukti kahate haiM. 1. pratyakSAgamAbhyAmIkSitasya pazcAdIkSaNaM anvIkSA sA prayojanamasyAmAnvIkSikI. purApi na navaM purANam (2 / 165. 166). TIkayati gamayatyarthAn TIkA suSamANAM viSamANAM ca nirantaraM vyAkhyA yasyAM sa tathA. paJcyante vyaktIkriyante padArthA anayA pajicakA, pRSodarAditvAd jatve paJjikA arthAt viSamANyeva padAni bhanakti padabhabjikA (21170). nibadhyate vizeSo'smin nibandhaH (2 / 171). prahelayati abhiprAyaM sUcayati prahelikA (2 / 173), pratyakSa aura Agama ke dvArA avagata kara lene ke pazcAt tarka Adi ke dvArA viSaya ko jAnanA anvIkSA hai aura yaha anvIkSA jisakA prayojana hai use AnvIkSikI vidyA kahA jAtA hai. purANa sadA hI purAtana rahate haiM, jinakA viSaya prAcIna samaya meM bhI nayA na rahe, use purANa kahate haiM. kisI graMtha ke sAdhAraNa yA asAdhAraNa pratyeka zabda kI nirantara vyAkhyA ko TIkA kahate haiM. viSamapadoM ko spaSTa karane vAlI vyAkhyA kA nAma paJjikA hai. jisameM vizeSa viSaya ko nibaddha kiyA jAya, use nibandha kahate haiM. jisa padya kA artha pUrvApara viruddha pratIta hotA ho, parantu vizeSa anusandhAna karane se aviruddha artha nikale, use prahelikA yA pahelI kahate haiM. 6. badhnAti snehaH bandhuH (31224), vigRhyate rogAdibhiriti vigrahaH (21227) UrdhvaM milati dhammillaH (31234). kezAnAM veSe racanAyAM kUyate kavarI (2 / 234). palati yAti zvetatvaM pAkAt palitaM (3 / 235). bhAlyate paribhApyate zubhAzubhamatra bhAlam (3 / 237.) sneha ke kAraNa jo bandhana utpanna kare use bandhu kahate haiM. bandhu zabda kA vyutpattimUlaka yahI artha hai ki jo snehabandha kA kAraNa hai, vahI bandhu hai. jo sneha utpanna nahIM karatA hai, vaha bandhu nahIM kahA jA sakatA. roga Adi ke dvArA jo vikRta kiyA jAtA hai, vaha vigraha arthAt zarIra kahalAtA hai. zarIra ko roga Adi nitya jIrNa karate rahate haiM. 7. dhammilla usa kezaracanA kA nAma hai, jo jaTAjUTa kI taraha Upara kI ora milatI hai arthAt bAloM ko Upara kI ora ekatra kara bAMdhanA dhammilla hai. yaha kezaracanA atyanta sAvadhAnI pUrvaka kI jAtI hai. kezoM ko sajAkara veNI ke rUpa meM bAMdhanA kavarI hai. kavarI aura dhammilla ye donoM hI prakAra kezaracanA ke haiM. mahilAe~ ina donoM prakAra kI kezaracanAe~ karatI thIM. 8. pakakara zveta hue bAloM ko palita keza kahA gayA hai. jisa prakAra dhAna kI phasala pakakara samApta ho jAtI hai, usI prakAra samaya ke prabhAva se keza bhI zveta ho jAte haiM. 6. bhAla-mastaka-lalATa use kahate haiM, jisake adhyayana se zubhAzubha ko kahA jA sake. hAtha, paira aura lalATa ke adhyayana se zubhAzubha ke phalapratipAdana kI praNAlI prAcIna kAla se bhArata meM pracalita hai. ataH bhAla-lalATa kI vyutpatti AcArya ne yaha kI hai--yoM to 'lalate'trAlaMkAro lalATam' arthAt jahA~ alaMkAra suzobhita ho, use lalATa kahate haiM. 10. oSTha kI vyutpati karate hue likhA hai-"uSyate tIcaNAhAreNa poSThaH' arthAt-tIkSaNa AhAra se jo avagata ho aura usakI anubhUti jise nirantara hotI rahe, use oSTha kahate haiM. 11. bhASyate bhASA 2|115-bhaassnn yA kathana ko bhASA kahate haiM. suSTu yA samantAt adhIyate svAdhyAyaH 2|163acchii taraha adhyayana karane ko svAdhyAya kahate haiM. 12. avati vighnAd om avyayam 2|164---vighnoN se rakSA karane vAlA 'om' hotA hai. yaha om avyaya hai. 13. na zriyaM lAti-azlIlam-na zrIrasyAstIti vA 2|180--jiske AcaraNa se kalyANa utpanna na ho, use azlIla kahate haiM. Jain Education intense PersoUse Only
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________________ he www nemicandra zAstrI : saMskRta koSasAhitya ko prAcArya hema kI apUrva dena : 801 14. niyataM drAntIndriyANi asyAM nidrA 2|227-jismeN nizcita rUpa se indriyoM ko zrAnti-vizrAma mile, vaha nidrA hai. 15. paNDate jAnAti iti paNDitaH, paNDA buddhiH saMjAtA asyeti 3|5--jo hitAhita ko jAnatA hai athavA jisameM viveka-buddhi utpanna ho jAtI hai, vaha paNDita hai. 16. chyati chinatti mUrkhaduSTavittAni iti chekaH / vizeSeNa mUrkhacittaM dahati iti. 17. vidagdhaH 3 / 7 jo mUrkha kI mUrkhatA ko dUra karatA hai, vaha cheka hai aura jo vizeSarUpa se mUrkhatA ko jalAtA hai, naSTa karatA hai, vaha vidagdha hai. 18. vAti gacchati naraM vAmA yadvA viparItalakSaNayA zRMgArikhedanAdvA 3|168-jo nara-puruSa ko prApta ho athavA viparIta lakSaNA ke dvArA jo zRMgAra dvArA kheda ko prApta kare arthAt jo kAma-saMbhogAdi meM pravINa ho, use vAmA kahate haiM. 16. vigato dhavo bhartA asyAH vidhavA 3|194--jiske pati kA svargavAsa ho gayA hai athavA jisake sukha-kAma-bhoga ke dina vyatIta ho gaye hoM, vaha vidhavA hai. 20. dadhate baliSThatAM dadhi 3|70---jo bala utpanna karatA hai athavA jisa ke sevana se bala prApta hotA hai, vaha dadhi hai. 21. yevyate veSThyate tRNaparNAdibhiratyuTajaH 4|60-tinke aura pattoM se jise chAyA jAya, vaha uTaja hai. 22. vezyA''cAryaH pIThamardaH-vezyA''cAryo vezyAnAM nattodhyAyaH 21244-vezyA ko nRtta sikhalAne vAlA pIThamarda hai. nRtta usa nAca ko kahate haiM, jisameM nartaka na gAtA hai aura na bajAtA hai, kevala mudrA-bhAva-bhaMgimAoM ke dvArA nRtya prastuta karatA hai. aneka paryAyavAcI zabdoM ke banAne kA vidhAna :---AcArya hema ne bhI dhanaJjaya ke samAna zabdayoga se aneka paryAyavAcI zabdoM ke banAne kA vidhAna kiyA hai, kintu isa vidhAna meM unhIM zabdoM ko grahaNa kiyA hai, jo kavisampradAya dvArA pracalita aura prayukta haiM. jaise pativAcaka zabdoM meM kAntA, priyatamA, badhU, praNayinI evaM nibhA zabdoM ko yA inake samAna anya zabdoM ko jor3a dene se patnI ke nAma aura kalatravAcaka zabdoM meM vara, ramaNa, praNayI evaM priya zabdoM ko yA inake samAna anya zabdoM ko jor3a dene se pativAcaka zabda bana jAte haiM. gaurI ke paryAyavAcI banAne ke lie ziva zabda meM ukta zabda jor3ane para zivakAntA, zivapriyatamA, zivabadhU evaM zivapraNayinI Adi zabda banate haiM. nibhA kA samAnArthaka parigraha bhI hai, kintu jisa prakAra zivakAntA zabda grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai, usa prakAra zivaparigraha nahIM. yataH kavisampradAya meM yaha zabda grahaNa nahIM kiyA gayA hai. kalatravAcI gaurI zabda meM vara, ramaNa, prabhRti zabda jor3ane se gaurIvara, gaurIramaNa, gaurIza Adi zivavAcaka zabda banate haiM. jisa prakAra gaurIvara zabda ziva kA vAcaka hai, usI prakAra gaMgAvara zabda nahIM. yadyapi kAntAvAcI gaMgA zabda meM vara zabda jor3a kara pativAcI zabda bana sakatA hai, to bhI kavisampradAya meM isa zabda kI prasiddhi na hone se yaha ziva ke artha meM grAhya nahIM hai. AcArya hema ne apanI svopajJavRtti meM ina samasta vizeSatAoM ko batalAyA hai. ataH spaSTa hai ki "kavirUDhyAseyodAharaNAvali' siddhAntavAkya bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai. isake kaI sundara niSkarSa nikalate haiM. kavisampradAya ko parigaNita karane se aneka doSoM se rakSA ho gayI hai. ataeva ziva ke paryAya kapAlI ke samAnArthaka kapAlapAla, kapAladhana, kapAlabhuk. kapAlanetA evaM kapAlapati jaise aprayukta aura amAnya zabdoM ke grahaNa se bhI rakSA ho jAtI hai. yadyapi vyAkaraNa dvArA zabdoM kI siddhi sarvathA saMbhava hai, para kaviyoM kI mAnyatA ke viparIta hone se ukta zabdoM ko kapAlI ke sthAna para grahaNa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai. 3 ATMA IN JainEdCO Jainelibrary.org
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________________ 802 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya jaina saMskRti aura abhidhAnacintAmaNi :-abhidhAnacintAmaNi aura dhanaJjanAmamAlA aise koSa haiM jinameM saMskRti ke tatva vartamAna haiM. abhidhAnacintAmaNi meM utsarpaNa aura avasarpaNa kAla ke sAtha tIrthaMkaroM ke vaMza, mAtA-pitA ke nAma, zAsanadevatA, upAsaka ke nAma evaM varNa batalAye gaye haiM. kAmadeva ke paryAyavAcI, dvAdaza cakravatiyoM ke paryAyavAcI, nau nArAyaNa aura nau pratinArAyaNoM ke paryAyavAcI zabda saMkalita haiM. zreNika aura kumArapAla ke paryAyavAcI zabda bhI Aye haiM. cAlukya, rAjarSi, paramArhata, mRtasya bhoktA, dharmAtmA mArivAraka vyasanavAraka aura kumArapAla ye ATha nAma kumArapAla ke haiM. pRthvIkAyika, jalakAyika, agnikAyika, vAyukAyika aura vanaspatikAyika jIvoM ke bheda-prabheda evaM unake paryAya saMkalita haiM. dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya aura paMcendriya jIvoM ke bhedoM aura paryAyoM kA saMkalana jainAgamAnusAra kiyA hai. ratnaprabhA, zarkarAprabhA, vAlukAprabhA, paGkaprabhA dhUmaprabhA, tamaHprabhA, aura mahAtamaHprabhA ina sAta narakoM meM hone vAlI vedanA, evaM ina narakoM ke viloM kA varNana jaina siddhAntAnusAra kiyA gayA hai. ghanodadhivAtavalaya, dhanavAtavalaya evaM tanuvAtavalaya kA vivecana bhI isa koSa ke narakakANDa meM vidyamAna hai. prathama devAdhideva kANDa meM tIrthaMkaroM ke vibhinna atizaya, AcArya, upAdhyAya aura muni ke nAmoM ke vivecana ke anantara yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma, pratyAhAra, dhyAna, dhAraNA evaM samAdhi kA vivecana kiyA hai. yoga ke ukta aSTAMgoM kI paribhASAe~ jainAgamAnusAra aMkita kI gayI haiM. devakANDa meM bhavanavAsI, vyantara, jyotiSI aura kalpavAsI devoM ke bheda-prabheda aura unake paryAyavAcI zabda diye gaye haiM. bhavanavAsI devoM ke anta meM jur3e hue kumAra zabda kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahA hai--"kumAravadete kAntadarzanAH sukumArAH mRdumadhuralalitagatayaH zRMgArAbhijAtarUpavikriyAH kumAravaccoddha taveSabhASAbharaNapraharaNAvaraNayAnavAhanAH kumAravaccolvaNarAgAH krIDanaparAzcetyataH kumAra ityucyante". arthAt -ye deva kumAra ke samAna dekhane meM sundara, mRdu, madhura evaM lalita gativAle, zRMgAra-sundara rUpa evaM vikAra vAle aura kumAra ke samAna hI uddhata veSa, bhASA, bhUSaNa, zastra, AbharaNa, yAna tathA vAhana vAle evaM krIDAparAyaNa hote haiM. ataeva ye kumAra kahe jAte haiM. devoM ke nivAsa kA varNana karate hue kahA hai"bhavanapatayo'zItisahasrAdhikayojanalakSapiMDAyAM ratnaprabhAyAmUrdhvamadhazca yojanasaharIkaikamapahAya janmA''sAdayaMti. vyantarAstasyA evopari yatparityaktaM yojanasahasra tasyAdha UrdhvaJca yojanazatamekaikamapahAya madhye'STasu yojanazateSu janma pratilabhante. jyotiSkAstu samatalAd bhUbhAgAt sapta zatAni navatyadhikAni yojanAnAmAruhya dazottarayojanazatapiNDe nabhodeze lokAntAt kiMcinnyUne janma gRhNanti. vaimAnikA rajjumadhya'madhiruhyA'taH saudharmAdiSu kalpeSu sarvArthasiddhavimAnaparyavasAneSUtpadyante". prathama bhavanavAsI deva eka lAkha assI hajAra yojana parimita ratnaprabhA meM eka-eka hajAra yojana chor3akara janma grahaNa karate haiM. vyantaradeva usa ratnaprabhA ke Upara chor3e gaye eka hajAra yojana ke Upara tathA nIce eka-eka sau yojana chor3akara bIcavAle AThasau yojana meM janma grahaNa karate haiM. jyotiSka deva samatala bhUbhAga se sAta sau nabbe yojana piNDavAle tathA lokAnta se kucha kama AkAza pradeza meM janma grahaNa karate haiM aura vaimAnika deva Der3ha rajju car3ha kara sarvArthasiddhi vimAna ke anta taka saudharmAdi kalpoM meM janma grahaNa karate haiM. apane-apane niyata sthAnoM meM utpanna bhavanavAsI Adi deva lavaNa samudra, mandira, parvata, varSadhara evaM jaMgaloM meM nivAsa to karate haiM para unakI utpatti pUrvokta niyata sthAnoM ke atirikta anya sthAnoM meM nahIM hotI hai. ataeva nikAya zabda kA nivAsArtha yA sahArtha meM prayoga kiyA gayA hai. AcArya hema ne jaina AcAra-vyavahAra kI zabdAvali ko pramukhatA dI hai. aNuvrata, mahAvrata, dazadharma, dhyAna evaM samiti gupti Adi kA bhI vivecana kiyA hai. inhoMne pAnI chAnane ke chanane ke do nAma likhe haiM-naktaka aura karpaTa. svopajJavRtti meM nahyate zirasi naktaka: "kIcaka" (uraNA 33) ityake nipAtyate naktaM bhava iti vA, dravadravyaM yena pUyate tatra rUDho'yaM tattulye'pi vastre pratIto vartate. kalpate kapaMTa: puMklIbaliMga: "divyavi" (uNA 142) ityaTaH, ataeva spaSTa hai ki AcArya hema ne jaina saMskRti kI zabdAvali ko bar3e sundara aura suvyavasthita DhaMga se isa koSa meM aMkita kiyA hai. Jain Educa ary.org
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________________ nemicandra zAstrI : saMskRta koSasAhitya ko prAcArya hema kI dena : 803 upasaMhAra : AcArya hemacandra ne abhidhAnacintAmaNi koSa dvArA saMskRta koSasAhitya ko apUrva ratna pradAna kiyA hai. isa koSa kA saMskRti, sAhitya, bhASAvijJAna evaM navIna zabdarAzi kI dRSTi se advitIya sthAna hai. saMskRta ke anya koSoM meM na to itane adhika zabda hI milate haiM aura na sAMskRtika zabdAvali kI itanI spaSTa vyAkhyAe~ hI kI gayI haiM. yaha koSa apAra zabdarAzi kA prayoga karane kI dizA kI ora saMketa karatA hai. hema ne apanI alaukika pratibhA dvArA isa koza ko itanA sampanna aura samRddha banAyA hai, jisase akele isa koSa ko apane pAsa rakha lene se zabdaviSayaka sAMgopAMga jAnakArI prApta kI jA sakatI hai. anveSaka pratibhAoM ko isa koSa meM itanI sAmagrI upalabdha hogI, jisase do-tIna zodha-prabandhoM kA nirmANa vibhinna dRSTiyoM se sahaja meM kiyA jA sakatA hai. vAstava meM AcArya hema kI, saMskRta koSasAhitya ko yaha apUrva dena hai. AcArya kA gahana tattvasparzI pANDitya evaM bahujJatA isa koSa ke dvArA sahaja meM jAnI jA sakatI hai. dhanya haiM AcArya hema aura dhanya haiM unakI koSaviSayaka apUrva vidvattA! SARAN Jain Education Intemational
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________________ pro. devendrakumAra jaina ema0 e0, pI-eca0 DI0, zAstrI, rAyapura apabhraMza jaina-sAhitya apabhraMza bhASA aura sAhitya donoM kA atyanta mahattva hai. bhASA-vikAsa kI dRSTi se apabhraza madhya bhAratIya AryabhASAoM kI aMtima avasthA kA nAma hai. prAkRta kI apekSA yaha bhASA madhura hai. rAjazekhara ne saMskRta-bandha ko kaThora kahA hai aura prAkRta ko sukumAra, lekina vidyApati dezavacana ko 'sabajana-miTThA' kahate haiM. apabhraMza dezI bhASA ke adhika nikaTa hai.' mahAkavi svayambhU ne ise grAmINa bhASA kahA hai. sAdhAraNataH yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki madhyabhAratIya AryabhASAoM kI madhya bhUmikA tathA navya bhAratIya Arya bhASAoM kI Adima bhUmikA ke madhya kA rUpa apabhraMza hai. mukhya rUpa se yaha pazcimI bhASA hai. rAjazekhara ne bhI isakA saMketa kiyA hai. usane likhA hai ki uttara ke kavi saMrakRtapremI haiM. marubhUmi (mAravADa) rAjapUtAnA aura paMjAba ke kavi apabhraMza meM adhika ruci rakhate haiM, avanti, dazapura aura pArayAtra ke kavi bhUtabhASA-premI hote haiM. kintu madhyadeza ke kavi sabhI bhASAoM meM ruci rakhate haiM. yahI nahIM, usane isa bAta para bhI bala diyA hai ki saMskRta, prAkRta kaviyoM ke bAda hI rAjadarabAra meM apabhraza kaviyoM ko pazcima dizA meM sthAna diyA jAya. bhASAgata sAmya ke AdhAra para paMjAbI, siMdhI aura jUnI rAjasthAnI ke sambandha meM yaha kathana ThIka mAnA jA sakatA hai. prAkata meM jaina aura bauddha sAhitya hI pramukha hai. apabhraza kA adhikAMza sAhitya jaina sAhitya hai. sandeza-rAsaka tathA siddhasAhitya (bauddha caryApada, gIti aura dohA) ko chor3akara lagabhaga samUcA vAGmaya jaina zAhitya hai. apabhraMza sAhitya hiMdI sAhitya se nyUna nahIM hai. hindIsAhitya ke Adi kAla kI aneka racanAyeM apabhraza kI ginAI jAtI haiM. kevala itanA hI nahIM, zrI candradhara zarmA gulerI ise 'purAnI hindI' nAma dete haiM. gujarAtI ise 'jUnI gujarAtI' aura rAjasthAnI 'purAnI rAjasthAnI' kahakara pukArate haiM. isase bhI apabhraza kI sAmAnya AdhAra-bhUmikA kA patA lagatA hai. hiMdI ke bhakti aura rIti kAla ke sAhitya se apabhraza sAhitya adhika vistRta hai. sAhityika dRSTi se bhI isakA vizeSa sthAna hai. hiMdI sAhitya kI aneka pravRttiyAM apabhraza-yuga kI dena haiM. chaMdoM kI vividhatA, racanA-zailI, paramparAgata kAvyAtmaka varNana, sAhityika rUr3hiyoM kA nirvAha, laukika aura zAstrIya zailiyoM kA samanvaya, vastu vidhAna, prakRti-citraNa, rasAtmakatA, bhakti aura zrRMgAra kA puTa Adi pravRttiyAM apabhraMza-sAhitya se hI paramparAgata rUpa meM hiMdI sAhitya ko prApta huI haiM.4 upalabdha apabhraza jaina sAhitya meM prabandhakAvyoM kI saMkhyA adhika nahIM hai. phira bhI hiMdI prabaMdhakAvyoM se apabhraza prabandhakAvya 1. svayambhU-paumacariu prathama bhAga, 1,2. 2. svayambhU-paumacariu prathama bhAga, 1, 3. 3. dekhie, kAvyamImAMsA dazama adhyAya. 4. dekhiye 'merA lekha sandezarAsaka aura hindI kAvyadhArA' saptasindhu apraila 60 kA aMka. SINISERSLENESENJSONBREINONENSINANONS
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________________ pro. devendrakumAra jaina : apabhraMza jaina-sAhitya : 805 wwwwwwwwwww sAhityika racanA-vidhAna meM utkRSTha aura parimANa meM adhika haiM. apabhraza ke prakAzita jaina prabandhakAvya isa prakAra haiMpaumacariu riTTharaNemicariu, mahApurANa, NAyakumAracariu, jasahara cariu,bhavisayatta kahA, karakaMDuvariu, gemiNAhacariu, paumasirIcariu, sanatkumAra-carita aura sudaMsaNacariu Adi. kucha aprakAzita prabandhakAvyoM ke nAma ye haiM-harivaMzapurANu, pAMDupurANu, padmapurANu, sukozala cariu, meghezvaracariu Adi. inameM se purANakAvya aura caritakAvya zuddha dhArmika kAvya graMtha haiM aura NAyakumAra-cariu, karakaMDucariu, aura paumasirIcariu mukhyataH romAMTika kAvya haiM. inake atirikta muktaka kAvyoM meM rAsa, carcarI, kulaka, phAgu, dohA aura gIti racanAyeM haiM. upalabdha apabhraza sAhitya meM gadya aura dRzyakAvya nahIM ke barAbara haiM. lokagIta avazya usa samaya pracalita the, jinakA AdhAra lokaprasiddha kathA hotI thI. mahArASTra meM isakA pracalana adhika vyApaka thA. khaMDakAvya ke nAma para kevala 'saMdezarAsaka' prApta ho sakA hai. parantu abhI apabhraMza kA vipula sAhitya prakAzana kI pratIkSA meM hai. mahAkavi svayambhU tathA puSpadanta ke ullekhoM se yahI patA calatA hai ki apabhraza sAhitya sAtavIM sadI se prAcIna hai. lagabhaga eka hajAra varSoM taka yaha sAhitya bhArata-bhUmi para pallavita-puSpita hotA rahA. bhASA hI nahIM, sAhitya meM bhI yaha prAkRta sAhitya se mela khAtA hai. abhI taka samUce prAkRta sAhitya kA AloDana nahIM ho sakA. isakA kAraNa saMskRta ko adhika bar3hAvA denA hai. kiMtu saMskRta meM prabhAva rUpa se kaI bAteM prAkRta aura apabhraza kI milatI haiM. saMskRta ke kaI chanda prAkRtachaMda haiM aura aMtyAnuprAsa kI pravRtti apabhraza sAhitya kI dena hai. vastu-vivaraNa paddhati bhI donoM meM samAna hai. hiMdI meM bArahamAsA kI pravRtti, chaMda-vidhAna, aMtyAnuprAsa, alaMkAra-yojanA, prabandha-zilpa, paddhati-citraNa Adi vidhAyeM apabhraza kI dena haiM, na ki saMskRta kI. pro0 harTara ne jaina kathAMsAhitya ke nimna likhita rUpa nirdhArita kiye haiM. 1. dhArmika AlocanA meM kahAniyAM 2. dhArmika AkhyAna 3. carita-kAvya 4. paurANika kahAniyAM [rAma, kRSNa Adi | 5. prabaMdha kahAniyAM [sAdhu, sAdhviyoM kA jIvana-carita] 6. kathA-kAvya vastutaH carita-kAvya aura kathA-kAvya meM maulika bheda nahIM hai. carita-kAvya aura paurANika kAvya meM avazya thor3A bheda hai. apabhraMza caritakAvyoM ke antargata paumacariu, NAyakumAracariu, paumasirIcariu, jasaharacariu karakaMDucariu, riTThaNemi cariu aura bhavisayatta kahA Adi kI gaNanA kI jAtI hai. caritakAvyoM kI paramparA atyadhika prAcIna jJAta hotI hai. Age calakara isI paramparA meM rAmacaritamAnasa, rAmacaMdrikA, padmAvata prabandhakAvya race gaye. saMskRta meM avazya purANa-kAvyoM kI sarvAdhika prAcInatA kA patA lagatA hai. sambhava hai ki carita kAvya kI dhArA ke mUla rUpoM kA vikAsa purANoM se huA ho. purANakAvyoM meM alaukikatA aura vistAra ke sAtha hI avAntara AkhyAnoM kA bAhulya prApta hotA hai. isake viparIta carita kAvyoM meM laukikatA, mukhya kathApreraka ghaTanAyeM aura vastusaMyojanA saMkSipta hotI hai. purANa kAvyoM kI bhAMti inameM paurANika rUr3hiyoM aura dhArmika tattvoM kA ullekha bhI kama hotA hai. romAMTika caritakAvyoM meM to yaha tattva bahuta hI kama pAyA jAtA hai. kisI-kisI kAvya kI kathAvastu aitihAsika vyakti se bhI sambandha rakhatI hai. 'jAyasI kA padmAvata' isI prakAra kA kAvya mAnA jA sakatA hai. paumacariu---apabhraza ke Adya mahAkavi svayambhU kA yaha prasiddha kAvya hai. jaisA ki nAma se spaSTa hai yaha eka caritakAvya hai. isameM pAMca kANDa aura 60 saMdhiyAM haiM. pratyeka saMdhi meM 12 se lekara 14 taka kaDavaka haiM. isa racanA kA samaya AThavIM sadI kA madhya bhAga mAnA jAtA hai. isakI bhASA madhura, pravAhapUrNa aura lalita hai. bhASA para kavi kA jaisA adhikAra hai, anyatra virala hai. isa graMtha meM rAmAyaNa kI kathA varNita hai. prAkRta meM inake pUrva vimalasUri 'paumacariu' kAvya likha cuke the. saMskRta meM jinasena AcArya ne bhI 'AdipurANa' kI racanA kucha samaya pUrva hI kI thI. inhIM ko . KAHANUMMATERNETRIORA BESARENININESISENERERINNENININESESONENE Jain Education Intemational For Private Personal use only www.pinemarary.org
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________________ 806 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya AdhAra mAnakara yaha caritakAvya racA gayA. isake varNana, saMvAda, dautyakarma, premoneka, yuddhavarNana, prakRti-citraNa, rasasaMyojanA, alaMkAra-yojanA Adi meM utkRSTa kAvya ke tattva vidyamAna haiM. caudahavIM saMdhi meM citrita jalakrIr3A aura vasanta varNana kAvya kI anUThI sampatti hai. saMdhi ke aMta meM likhA bhI hai-jala-krIr3A meM svayambhU ko, gograha-kathA meM caturmukha ko aura matsya-vedhana meM 'bhadra' ko Aja bhI kavi loga nahIM pA sakate. mahAkavi svayambhU ke putra tribhuvana kA yaha kathana akSaraza: satya pratIta hotA hai. samUcA varNana par3ha kara citta khila jAtA hai. kahA jAtA hai ki 'paumacariu' kI nabbe saMdhiyoM meM se aMtima ATha tribhuvana kI racanA kI haiM. parantu pulindabhaTTa kI bhAMti unakI racanA se kAvya-graMtha meM koI bheda nahIM lakSita hotA. riDaNemicariu--yaha bhI svayambhU kI racanA hai. isameM 112 saMdhiyA~ hai. isa graMtha kA pramANa 18000 zloka kahA jAtA hai. isameM bAIsaveM tIrthaMkara ariSTanemi yA neminAtha kA carita tathA jaina-paramparAnusAra kRSNa aura pANDavoM kI kathA varNita hai. prasiddha hai ki isa kAvya kI ninyAnave saMdhi ke bAda kA aMza svayambhU ke putra tribhuvana kI racanA hai. isI viSaya ko lekara govinda, bhadra aura caturmukha ke apabhraza mahAkAvya praNayana kA ullekha milatA hai. ina sabhI racanAoM kA saMbaMdha harivaMzapurANa se hai. jaina zAstroM meM padmapurANa aura 'harivaMzapurANa' atyanta khyAtavRtta haiM, jinameM kramaza: rAmAyaNa aura mahAbhArata kI milatI-julatI kathA prApta hotI hai. harivaMzapurANa kA viSaya lekara likhI jAne vAlI racanAoM meM yazaHkIti kA 34 saMdhiyoM kA paurANika kAvya pANDupurANa kA ullekha milatA hai. isakA racanA-kAla 1523 I0 kahA gayA hai.' harivaMzapurANa ke AdhAra para racI gaI racanAyeM adhika haiM. dhavala kavi kA 'harivaMzapurANa' 112 sandhiyoM kA kAvya hai, jisakA racanA-kAla gyArahavIM sadI ke pUrva mAnA jAtA hai. raidhU (siMhasena) kA 'romiNAha cariu' 16 vIM zatAbdI ke lagabhaga kI racanA hai. isI prakAra zrutakIti kA 'harivaMza purANa' 1551 I0 kA kahA gayA hai. lakSmaNadeva kA 'romiNAha cariu' (saMvat 1510 se pUrva) cAra saMdhiyoM kA hai. haribhadra ke 'romiNAha cariu' kA bhI ullekha prApta hotA hai. isI prakAra amarakIrtigaNi ke 'romiNAha cariu' kA patA lagA hai. yazaHkIrti ke harivaMzapurANa kA patA lagatA hai jo 15 vIM sadI kI racanA hai. isa paraMparA meM abhI anya racanAoM kA patA lagAnA zeSa hai. kyoMki bhAratIya paramparA meM rAmAyaNa aura mahAbhArata kI kathAyeM atyanta lokapriya tathA vividha rUpoM meM varNita haiM. 'padmapurANa' ko AdhAra banAkara likhI jAne vAlI racanAoM meM kevala raidhU ke 'padmapurANa' kA ullekha milatA hai. NAyakumAracariu-apabhraza ke dUsare mahAkavi puSpadanta haiM. unakA NAyakumAracariu eka romAMTika kathAkAvya hai. isameM nAgakumAra ke jIvanacaritra kA varNana hai. isameM varNita ghaTanAyeM atiraMjita aura premodrekapUrNa haiM. kathA kA prArambha svAbhAvika vidhi se huA hai. bhASA sarala tathA pravAhapUrNa hai. par3hate hI rasa-dhArA bahane lagatI hai. romAMTika kathAkAvya kA yaha utkRSTa nidarzana hai. isakI racanA saMvat 1025 ke lagabhaga kahI jAtI hai. jasaharacariu--yaha racanA bhI puSpadanta kI hai. ise dhArmika kathAkAvya kahA jA sakatA hai. vastu-saMyojanA meM kasAvaTa hai. kathAnaka kA vikAsa nATakIya DhaMga se hotA hai- samUcA kathAnaka dhArmika, dArzanika uddezyoM se bharapUra hai. AdhyAtmika saMketa milane para bhI-romAMTika pravRtti jAgarUka hai. zailI uttama puruSa meM hone ke kAraNa racanA meM AtmIya bhAva adhika hai. prAyaH prabaMdhakAvya kI sabhI sAhityika rUr3hiyA~ isa kathAkAvya meM dRSTigocara hotI haiM. kavi ne apanI racanA ko / dharmakathAnibandha kahA hai. kula milAkara yaha kathAkAvya sundara hai. mahApurANa - mahAkavi puSpadanta kI yaha tIsarI tathA sarvotkRSTa racanA hai. isa bRhatkAya graMtha meM 63 mahApuruSoM ke jIvanacaritra kA varNana hai. isakA racanAkAla saM0 1016-1022 hai. isa mahApurANa meM 102 sandhiyA~ haiM. isakA pramANa 1. dekhie- 'bhAratI' patrikA akTUbara 27, 1657 meM DA0 harivallabha bhAyANo kA lekha 'svayambhUdeva', pR0 62. 2. nAgarIpracAriNI patrikA, varSa 50, aMka 3-4, saM0 2002, DA0 hIrAlAla jaina kA lekha 'apabhraMza bhASA aura sAhitya' pR0 116. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " iiiiiiiii.. Jain Education interational . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ForPrivate &Personaruse only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " . . . . . . . . . . " . . . . . . . . . .
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________________ pro0 devendrakumAra jaina : apabhraMza jaina-sAhitya : 800 63000 zloka kahA jAtA hai. isakI kucha sandhiyoM meM 26 kaDavaka haiM. jaina zAstroM meM tresaTha zalAkApuruSoM kA jIvanacaritra likhane kI eka paramparA hI hai. zIlAcArya kA mahApuruSacarita prAkRta bhASA meM nibaddha hai. isa mahApurANa kA AdhAra AcArya jinasena (saM0 783 ke lagabhaga) kRta AdipurANa hai. isI paramparA meM AcArya hemacandra viracita triSaSThizalAkApuruSa-caritra prApta hotA hai. sAhityika dRSTi se mahApurANa kA atyanta mahattva hai. isameM sthAna-sthAna para kavitvapUrNa varNana, madhura saMvAda aura gItoM kI sukomala lar3iyAM vyApta dikhAI detI haiM. mahAkavi ne ina gItoM ko 'dhavalagIta' kI saMjJA dI hai. apabhraMza sAhitya meM isa koTi kA anya koI graMtha nahIM hai. bhASA pUrNa sAhityika hai. svayambhU kI bhASA se puSpadanta kI bhASA adhika parimArjita, suSThu aura praur3ha hai. bhASA-sAhitya kI dRSTi se bhI yaha adhika mUlyavAn hai. isake varNana itane sundara haiM ki par3hate hI mugdha ho Ate haiM. upamAoM kI to kavi aisI jhar3I lagA detA hai ki eka se eka adhika sundara aura saTIka pratIta hotI hai, bhASA kI svAbhAvikatA aura-nisargasiddha varNana anupameya haiM. kahIM-kahIM ucca koTi ke sAhityika gIta bhI dRSTigata hote haiM. varNana atyanta sundara, sajIva aura saTIka hai. bhavisayattakahA--prasiddha kavi dhanapAla kI yaha eka mAtra racanA hai. isakA samaya dasavIM zatAbdI kahA jAtA hai. isake dUsare nAma bhavisayatakahA yA suyapaMcamIkahA (zrutapaMcamIkathA) haiM. isameM kArtika zuklA paMcamI (jJAnapaMcamI) ke phalavarNana svarUpa bhaviSyadatta kI kathA kA varNana hai. Adhunika yuga meM saMskRta prAkRta vyAkaraNa ke adhyayana, manana tathA anusaMdhAna ke samaya DA0 pizela ko (1886 ke lagabhaga) patA lagA ki apabhraMza bhASA kA bhI koI vyAkaraNa hai. unhoMne apabhraMza ke vyAkaraNa kA adhyayana kara 'siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana' kA bhI sampAdana kiyA. parantu sAhitya kA patA lagAne para bhI jaba unheM kucha prApta nahIM huA taba apabhraMza ke sambandha meM unakI yaha mAnyatA bana gaI ki isa bhASA kA sambandha loka-jIvana se nahIM rahA, yaha rUr3ha sAhityika bhASA mAtra thI. parantu 1614 I0 mArca meM jarmana vidvAn pro0 haramana jekobI (Jacobi of Bonn Germany) ne bhArata-yAtrA kI aura bhramaNakAla meM ahamadAbAda meM kisI vaizya ke pAsa ukta racanA prApta kara harSa se pulakita ho uThe. svadeza lauTakara unhoMne bar3e manoyoga pUrvaka usakA saMpAdana kiyA aura apabhraMza bhASA kI mahattA pradarzita kI. isakA mahattva hai ki yaha apabhraza kA prathama prakAzita bRhatkAya graMtha hai. isameM bAIsa sandhiyAM haiM. DaoN0 jekobI ne haribhadra ke neminAthacarita se bhavisayatakahA kI bhASA kI tulanA kI hai. dhanapAla kI bhASA meM dezIpana aura lacaka hai. kavi ne isa kathA ko 'bihi khaMDahiM bAvIsahi sandhihi' (pR. 148) kahakara do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kahI hai. parantu DA0 harmana jekobI ise tIna bhAgoM meM mAnate haiM, jo ucita hI hai. apabhraMza kathA-kAvyoM meM bhavisayattakahA kA viziSTa sthAna hai. isameM vaNita bhaviSyadatta kI kahAnI karuNa aura yathArtha hai. ghaTanAoM aura pAtroM kA citraNa sahRdayatA ke sAtha kiyA gayA hai. ghaTanAoM meM kArya-kAraNa kI saMyojanA pUrI taraha se milatI hai. avAntara kathA meM bhI saMtulana hai. avAntara kathA mukhyakathA ko gatizIla banAne meM sahAyaka hai. isake sAtha hI ghaTanAyeM svAbhAvika aura premAnubhUti se atiraMjita haiM. sthAna-sthAna para unakA sUkSma vizleSaNa prApta hotA hai. samUce rUpa meM kathA svAbhAvika aura saMvedanIya hai. anubhUtiyoM kI gahanatA pUrI racanA meM vyApta hai. vaha mArmika bhI hai. isIlie rasAtmakatA se otaprota aura spRhaNIya hai. paumasirIcariu :-divyadRSTi kavi dhAhila kI yaha cAra saMdhiyoM kI akelI racanA upalabdha hai. isa caritakAvya kA racanAkAla 11 vIM sadI kA madhyabhAga kahA jA sakatA hai. isameM padmazrI kA jIvana-carita vaNita hai. isakI kathAvastu kA AdhAra pArivArika ghaTanAe~ haiM. do alaukika ghaTanAoM aura avAntara kathAoM se isakI vastu-yojanA banI hai. phira bhI kathAvastu svAbhAvika hai. isa para sAmAjika sthiti kI pUrI chApa hai. jIvana kI vyAvahArikatA mAno isa kAvya meM sajIva ho uThI hai. racanA kA uddezya kathA ke mAdhyama se dharma kI ora prerita karanA hai. karakaMDucariu :-muni kanakAmara kI yaha prasiddha racanA hai. mukhya rUpa se yaha romAMTika caritakAvya hai. isameM dasa * * * * * * * ** * * * * * . 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 . . . . . . . . . . . ............... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................. . . . . . . ..10 . . . . 1 . . . . . . . . . . . --1nal- R . . . . I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....................... . . . . . . . . . . . . valebiry.ora Mained.
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________________ 808 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-prantha : caturtha adhyAya mananewww ww saMdhiyoM meM rAjA karakaMDu kI kathA hai. yaha jaina sAhitya kI prasiddha kathA kahI jAtI hai. isameM dharma aura prema sAtha hI dRSTigocara hotA hai. yuddha kA varNana bhI hai, para vaha nAma mAtra kA hai. varNana kI apekSA kathAoM kI yojanA svAbhAvika hai. isa kAvya meM itivRttAtmakatA ke sAtha saMgrahAtmakatA bhI hai. parantu itivRtAtmakatA kA nirvAha pUrNarUpa se nahIM ho pAyA. zrotA-vaktA zailI ko chor3akara paurANika kAvya kI zeSa rUDhiyoM kA pAlana huA hai. Age calakara mUlakathA kI gati meM avarodha dikhAI detA hai. isake saMvAda avazya uttama haiM. isa para kucha nATakIya prabhAva bhI lakSita hotA hai. jambUsvAmIcariu :-vIra kavi kI yaha kRti vi0 saM0 1076 kI kahI jAtI hai. isa caritakAvya meM aMtima kevalI jambU svAmo ke carita kA varNana hai. isakA ullekha DaoN0 harivaMza kochar3a ne apane prabandha 'apabhraza sAhitya' meM kiyA hai. aise anya bhI aprakAzita carita-kAvya haiM. sudaMsaNacariuH--yaha nayanandI kavikRta caritakAvya hai. isakA racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1100 kahA gayA hai. isameM sudarzana ke carita ke mAdhyama se paMcanamaskAra maMtra kA mAhAtmya vaNita hai. pAsacariu :--yaha padmakIti kI saphala kRti hai. isakA ullekha anyatra bhI milatA hai. isameM tevIsaveM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha kA jIvanacarita kahA gayA hai. kAvyakA racanA-kAla vi0 saMvat 1134 batAyA jAtA hai. bArahavIM zatAbdI ke aneka caritakAvyoM kA ullekha milatA hai. unameM se kucha isa prakAra haiM-devasenagaNi kA suloyaNAcariu. isameM bharata cakravartI ke pradhAna senApati jayakumAra kI dharmapatnI kA jIvana-carita vaNita hai. zrIdhara ke pAsaNAhacariu, sukumAla cariu aura bhavisayatacariu kA ullekha prApta hotA hai, jinameM kramaza: pArzvanAtha carita, sukumAla kA pUrva janma aura zrutapaMcamI kA mAhAtmya varNita hai. terahavIM sadI ke caritakAvyoM meM siMha kavi kA pajjuNNa cariu hai jisameM pradyumna kA jIvana-carita citrita hai. haribhadra kA sanatkumAracarita aura raidhU ke sukauzalacarita, meghezvara carita, zrIpAlacarita, sanmatinAthacarita haiM aura harideva kA mayaNaparAjayacariu caritakAvyoM meM gine jAte haiM. isa kAla meM racita kAvyoM kI eka lambI paraMparA hI dikhAI detI hai. Age calakara paMdrahavIM sadI meM dhanapAla ke bAhubalicarita aura lakhanadeva ke romiNAhacariu kA ullekha milatA hai. isa prakAra apabhraza jaina sAhitya meM caritakAvyoM kI viziSTa paraMparA hai. purANakAvyoM kI saMkhyA bhI kama nahIM hai. sthUla rUpa se donoM meM svarUpa aura lakSya kI dRSTi kA hI bheda hai, muktaka kAvya meM bhI yahI bAta hai. muktaka racanAkAroM meM joindu (yogIndra) kA sthAna zreSTha mAnA jAtA hai. isakI cAra racanAyeM haiM-paramAtmaprakAza, yogasAra, dohAprAbhRta aura zrAvaka-dharma-dohA. kavi kA samaya dasavIM zatAbdI mAnA gayA hai. isake atirikta jinadatta sUri kI carcarI, kAlasvarUpa kulaka, aura upadezarasAyana prasiddha racanAyeM haiM. inakA samaya bArahavIM sadI kahA jAtA hai. zAlibhadrasUri kA 'bhArata bAhubalI rAsa' terahavIM sadI ke rAsaka graMthoM meM sabase bar3I racanA kahI gaI hai. isameM bharata-bAhubalI ke yuddha kA vistRta varNana hai. racanA aneka baMdhoM meM likhI gaI hai. paravartI rAsagraMthoM meM isI taraha ke 'samarArAsa' 'kacThUlIrAsa' pethaDa rAsa Adi racanAyeM likhI gaI. phAgu graMtha bhI race gaye. zrI jinapadma sUrikA 'siri thUlibhadda phAgu' prasiddha racanA hai. isake varNana atyanta manohara haiM. zabda-vinyAsa bahuta hI uttama hai. dohoM meM AcArya hemacandra ke siddha hemazabdAnazAsana' meM zRgAra, vIra, nIti, anyokti tathA anya prakIrNaka dohe bhI upalabdha hote haiM. chaMdoM ke paricaya ke lie svayambhU kA 'svayambhUchaMda' prasiddha racanA hai. saMkSepa meM--apabhraza jaina sAhitya vipula aura vizada hai. isameM mahAkAvya, purANa, caritakAbya, kathAkAvya, gIta, upadeza, zRMgAra sabhI kucha prApta hotA hai. gadya avazya nahIM ke barAbara hai. aitihAsika dRSTi se bhAratIya sAhitya aura bhASA ke mUlyAMkana ke lie yaha sAhitya puraka hai. isa sAhitya ke vinA samUcA aitihAsika mUlyAMkana apUrNa hI rahegA. isa sAhitya meM bhAratIya jIvana kA pUrA citra apanI svAbhAvika dazA meM pratibimbita huA hai. isalie isakA mahattva aura bhI adhika bar3ha gayA hai. AzA hai ki bhaviSya meM anya zodha-kAryoM se isa sambandha meM vistRta jAnakArI prApta ho sakegI. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ muni zrIkanhaiyAlAlajI 'kamala' nyAyatIrtha Agama-sAhitya kA paryAlocana prAgamasAhitya kA mahattva AgamasAhitya bhAratIya sAhitya kA prANa to hai hI, AdhyAtmika jIvana kI janmabhUmi evaM Arya saMskRti kA mUlyavAn koza bhI hai. vizva ke samasta paMtha, mata yA sampradAyoM ke apane-apane Agama haiM. inameM jainAgama sAhitya atyadhika mahattvapUrNa hai. jarmanI ke DA0 harmana jekobI, DA0 zubiMga' Adi aneka prasiddha videzI vidvAnoM ne jainAgamoM kA adhyayana karake vizva ko yaha batA diyA ki ahiMsA, anekAnta, aparigraha evaM sarvadharmasamanvaya ke citana-manana se paripUrNa evaM AdhyAtmika jIvana se Alokita Agama yadi vizva meM haiM to kevala jainAgama haiM. zrAgamazabda kI vyAkhyA-A-upasarga aura gam dhAtu se Agama zabda kI racanA huI hai. A-upasarga kA artha 'samantAt' arthAt pUrNa hai, gam-dhAtu kA artha gati-prApti hai. Agama zabda kI vyutpatti---jisase vastutattva [padArtha rahasya] kA pUrNa jJAna ho vaha Agama hai jisase padArthoM kA yathArtha jJAna ho vaha Agama hai.2 jisase padArthoM kA maryAdita jJAna ho vaha Agama hai. Aptavacana se utpanna artha [padArtha] jJAna Agama kahA jAtA hai. upacAra se Apta vacana bhI Agama mAnA jAtA hai. aMga prAgama vItarAgavANI hai jainAgamoM [aMgoM meM vItarAga bhagavAn kI vANI hai. vItarAgatA kA artha hai rAgarahita AtmadazA. jahAM dveSa vahAM rAga hai jahAM rAga nahIM vahAM dveSa bhI nahIM. kyoMki rAga aura dveSa avinAbhAvI haiM. kiMtu inakI vyApti agni aura dhUma kI taraha kI vyApti hai. ataH jahAM rAga hai vahAM dveSa hotA hI hai. jahAM rAga ho vahAM dveSa kabhI nahIM bhI hotA hai, isalie sarvatra 'vItarAga' zabda kA hI prayoga huA hai. bItadveSa zabda kA nahIM. sarAga dazA rAgadveSa se yukta AtmadazA hai, mAyApUrvaka mRSA bhASaNa isa dazA meM hI hotA hai, isalie sarAgadazA kA kathana sarvathA prAmANika nahIM hotA. jainAgamoM kI prAmANikatA kA mUlAdhAra yahI hai. yadyapi aMga AgamoM kA adhikAMza bhAga naSTa ho gayA hai aura jo hai usameM katipaya aMza pUrti rUpa haiM, parivadhita haiM, phira bhI usameM vItarAgavANI surakSita hai. jo pUrti rUpa hai, parivardhita haiM vaha bhI vItarAga vANI se viparIta nahIM hai. 1. A-samantAd gamyate vastutattvamanenetyAgamaH. 2. Agamyante maryAdayA'kbuddha yante'rthAH anenetyAgamaH. 3. A-abhividhinA sakalazrutaviSayavyAptirUpeNa, maryAdayA vA yathAvasthitaprarUpaNArUpayA gamyante-paricchiyante arthAH yena sa AgamaH 4. prAptavacanAdAvirbhUtamarthasaMvedanamAgamaH upacArAdApta vacanaM ca. YIN OLDEOS 40 VIVO Jain E S 2 library.org
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________________ wwwww~~~~~ 810 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya zrAgamoM kI bhASA jainAgamoM kI bhASA ardhamAgadhI ke sambandha meM do vikalpa prasiddha haiM ardha mAgadhyAH -- arthAt jisakA ardhAMza mAgadhI kA ho vaha ardhamAgadhI kahalAtI hai, jisa bhASA meM Adhe zabda magadha ke aura Adhe zabda aThAraha dezI bhASAoM ke mizrita hoM. ardha magadhasya - arthAt -- magadha ke Adhe pradeza kI bhASA. vartamAna meM upalabdha sabhI AgamoM kI bhASA ardhamAgadhI hai, yaha zramaNaparamparA kI parAmparAgata dhAraNA hai, kiMtu Adhunika bhASAvijJAna kI dRSTi se AgamoM kI bhASA ke sambandha meM anveSaNa Avazyaka hai. Jain Educat bhASA kI dRSTi se anveSaNIya AgamAMza:- [1] AcArAMga prathama zrutaskaMdha aura sabhI zeSa AgamoM kI bhASA. [2] praznavyAkaraNa aura jJAtAdharma kathA. [3] rAyapaseNiya kA sUryAbhavarNana. [4] jIvAbhigama kA vijayadevavarNana [5] uttarAdhyayana aura sUtrakRtAMga kA padyavibhAga. [6] AcArAMga dvitIya zrutaskaMdha aura chedasUtroM kI bhASA. AgamoM kI ardhamAgadhI bhASA hI AryabhASA hai prajJApanA ke anusAra jo ardhamAgadhI bhASA bolatA hai vaha bhASA Arya hai arthAt kevala bhASA kI dRSTi se Arya hai. mleccha hote hue bhI jo ardhamAgadhI bolatA hai vaha bhASA Arya hai. jisa prakAra eka bhAratIya aMgrejI khUba acchI taraha bola letA hai vaha janmajAta bhAratIya hote hue bhI bhASA - aMgreja hai. aura jo aMgreja hindI acchI taraha bola letA hai vaha janmajAta aMgreja hote huye bhI bhASA bhAratIya hai. prajJApanA ke kathana kA yaha abhiprAya ho jAtA hai ki AryoM kI bhASA ardhamAgadhI bhASA hI hai. Aryadeza sAr3e paccIsa haiM. unameM Arya adhika haiM. ve yadi ardhamAgadhIbhASA boleM athavA [ vartamAna aMgrejI bhASA kI taraha ] ardhadezoM meM ardhamAgadhI bhASA kA sarvatra vyApaka pracAra va prasAra rahA ho aura vahI rAjabhASA rahI ho to prajJApanA ke isa kathana kI saMgati ho sakatI hai. kyA sabhI tIrthakara ardhamAgadhI bhASA meM hI dezanA dete the ? bhagavAn mahAvIra magadha ke jisa pradeza meM paidA huye aura bar3e huye usa pradeza kI bhASA' [ardhamAgadhI] meM bhagavAn ne upadeza diyA kiMtu zeSa tIrthaMkara bhArata ke vibhinna bhAgoM ke the, ve saba hI apane prAnta kI bhASA meM upadeza na karake kevala ardhamAgadhI bhASA meM hI pravacana karate the; yaha mAnanA kahA~ taka tarkasaMgata hai, yaha vicAraNIya hai. bhagavAn RSabhadeva se bhagavAn mahAvIra taka [42 hajAra varSa kama kor3Akor3I sAgaropama] kI isa lambI avadhi meM magadhI bhASA meM koI parivartana huA yA nahIM ? jaba ki bhagavAn mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke kAla ke pazcAt kevala 2400 varSa kI avadhi meM magadha kI bhASA meM kitanA maulika parivartana ho gayA hai ? zrAgamoM ke prati agAdha zraddhA AgamasAhitya aisA sAhitya hai jisa para mAnava kI aTala evaM avicala bar3A cira kAla se rahI hai, aura rahegI. mAnava 1. sambabhAsANugAmiNIe sarassaie joyarANIhAriNA sareNaM, zraddha mAgahAe bhAsAe dhammaM parikahei. tesiM sandhesi cAriyamAriyA gilA dhamma mAikkhai, sA'vi ya NaM zraddhamAgahA bhAsA, tesiM savesiM zrariyamaNAriyANaM apaNo sabhAsAe pariNAmeNaM pariNamai. zrIpapAtika, sabhI bhASAoM meM pariNata hone vAlI sarakhatI ke dvArA eka yojana taka pahuMcane vAle svara se, ardhamAgadhI bhASA meM dharma ko pUrNa rUpa se kahA, una sabhI Arya-anAryo ko aglAni se (tIrthakara nAmakarma ke udaya se anAyAsa vinA thakAvaTa ke ) dharma kahA. vaha ardhamAgadhI bhASA bhI una sabhI AryoM-anAryoM kI apanI apanI svabhAvA meM parivartita ho jAtI thI. *** ** * *** ** elibrary.org
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________________ muni kanhaiyAlAla 'kamala' : Agama sAhitya kA paryAlocana : 811 kI isa zraddhA kA kendrabiMdu hai AgamoM kI prAmANikatA. ataeva jaina aura jainetara dArzanikoM ne Agama ko sarvopari pramANa mAnA hai. vibhinna paramparAoM meM Agama-vaidika paramparA vedoM ko Agama mAnatI hai. veda zabda kA artha jJAna hai, jJAna svayaM prakAzamAna hai, jJAna kI sattA akhaNDa hai, ataeva jJAna kA nirmANa kisI puruSavizeSa ke dvArA nahIM ho sakatA. Izvara bhI jJAna kA kartA nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki vaha to svayaM jJAnasvarUpa hai. abhiprAya yaha hai ki jJAna sAdhana hai, sAdhya nahIM apitu svayaM siddha hai. isalie veda apauruSeya haiM. jaina dArzanikoM ne vedoM kI apauruSeyatA aura nityatA kA niSedha kiyA hai vaha usake zAbdika rUpa ko lekara hI samajhanA cAhie. zabdaracanA koI anAdi nahIM ho sakatI hai. jaina AgamoM ke samAna vedoM ke kucha pramukha viSayavibhAga haiM, jinheM jaina bhASA meM anuyoga-vibhAga kahA jA sakatA hai, yathA-- Rgveda jJAnakANDa, yajurveda karmakANDa, sAmaveda-upAsanAkANDa aura atharvaveda-vijJAnakANDa hai. 'aMgAni caturo vedA' cAroM veda aMga haiM. inake upAMga zatapatha brAhmaNa Adi brAhmaNa graMtha haiM. jainAgamoM ke samAna vaidika paramparA meM bhI aMgopAMga mAne gaye haiM. bhagavatI zataka 2 uddezaka 1 meM skaMdaka parivrAjaka ke varNana meM likhA hai ki 'cauNhaM vedANaM saMgovaMgANaM,' skaMdaka parivrAjaka sAMgopAMga cAroM vedoM kA jJAtA thA. aMga upAMga meM sAhitya ko vibhAjita karane kI paddhati itanI purAnI hai ki usakA itihAsa prastuta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA. zrutapuruSa kI taraha vedapuruSa kI kalpanA bhI ati prAcIna hai. yathA--- chandaH pAdau tu vedasya, hastau kalpo'tha paThyate / jyotiSAmayanaM catuH, niruktaM zrotramucyate / zikSA ghrANaM ca vedasya, mukhaM vyAkaraNaM smRtam / tasmAtsAMgamadhItyaiva, brahmaloke mahIyate / -pANinIya zikSA bauddha paramparA tripiTakoM ko Agama mAnatI hai. piTaka peTI ko kahate haiM. tIna piTaka arthAt tIna peTiyAM. vinayapiTaka [AcArazAstra], suttapiTaka [buddha ke upadeza] aura abhidhammapiTaka [tattvajJAna]. piTaka sAhitya vizAla sAhitya hai. bihAra rAjya ke pAlIprakAzanamaNDala ne devanAgarI lipi meM tInoM piTakoM kA 40 mildoM meM prakAzana kiyA hai. aMtima buddha gautama buddha ne aura unake pUrvavartI aneka buddhoM ne jo kahA hai usI kA ina piTakoM meM saMkalana hai. kapilavastu nAma kA nagara buddha kI janmabhUmi hai. usa yuga meM vahAM kI janabhASA pAlI rahI hogI. usa bhASA meM buddha ne upadeza diyA aura tripiTikoM kI racanA bhI usI bhASA meM huI hai. jainaparamparA ke Agama dvAdazAMga gaNipiTaka [AcArya kI jJAnamaMjUSA] haiM. yaha gaNipiTaka dhruva, nitya evaM zAzvata hai. isakI nityatA zabdoM kI apekSA se nahIM apitu artha [bhAva] kI apekSA se hai aura vaha bhI mahAvideza kSetra kI apekSA se hai. jo nitya hotA hai vaha apauruSeya hai. zAzvata satya kabhI pauruSeya nahIM hotA hai. puna: tIrthaMkara hote haiM aura usa tirohita tathya ko vyakta karate haiM. yaha krama anAdi kAla se cala rahA hai evaM anantakAla taka calatA rahegA. AgamoM kI adhikatama saMkhyA bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke samaya meM aMgopAMgAdi ke atirikta caurAsI hajAra prakIrNaka the. bhagavAn ajitanAtha se bhagavAn pArzvanAtha paryanta pratyeka tIrthaMkara ke samaya meM saMkhyeya hajAra prakIrNaka the. bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samaya meM 14 hajAra prakIrNaka the. zrI devadhigaNI kSamAzramaNa ke samaya meM AgamoM kI adhikatara saMkhyA 84 raha gaI thI, vartamAna meM kevala 45 Agama upalabdha haiM, zeSa sabhI Agama vilupta ho gaye haiM. nandIsUtra meM 84 AgamoM ke nAma isa prakAra hai : ** ** * *** ** * ** . . . ........... or Prive ... & Persertal Use Only .. ... ........... . ... www.jairtelibrary.org .... ..
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________________ 812 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya dvAdazAMgoM ke nAma 1. AcArAMga, 2. sUtrakRtAMga, 3. sthAnAMga, 4. samavAyAMga, 5. bhagavatIsUtra,' 6. jJAtAdharmakathA, 7. upAsakadazA 8. aMtakRtdazA, 6. aNuttaropapAtika dazA, 10. prazna vyAkaraNa, 11. vipAka zruta, 12. dRSTivAda' (vilupta hai). dvAdaza upAMgoM ke nAma [1] aupapAtika, [2] rAjapraznIya, [3] jIvAbhigama, [4] prajJApanA, [5] sUrya prajJapti, [6] candra prajJapti, [7] jambUdvIpa prajJapti, [4] (nirayAvalikA) kalpikA, [6] kalpAvataMsikA, [10] puSpikA, [11] puSpa cUlikA, [12] dRSNi dazA. pA~ca mUla sUtroM ke nAma [1] dazavakAlika, [2] uttarAdhyayana, [3] nandIsUtra, [4] anuyoga dvAra sUtra, [5] Avazyaka sUtra. chaha cheda sUtroM ke nAma [1] bRhatkalpa, [2] vyavahAra, [3] dazAzruta skaMdha, [4] nizItha, [5] mahAnizItha, [6] paMcakalpa. prakIrNakoM ke nAma [1] catuHzaraNa, [2] Atura pratyAkhyAna, [3] bhakta parijJA, [4] saMstAraka, [5] taMdula vaicArika, [6] caMdravaMdhyaka [7] devendrastava, [8] gaNividyA, [6] mahA pratyAkhyAna, [10] vIrastava, [11] ajIvakalpa, [12] gacchAcAra [13] maraNasamAdhi, [14] siddha prAbhRta, [15[ tIrthodgAra, [16] ArAdhanApatAkA, [17] dvIpasAgara prajJapti, [18] jyotiSa karaMDaka, [16] aMgavidyA, [20] tithi prakIrNaka, [21] piMDa niyukti, [22] sArAvalI, [23] paryantArAdhanA, [24] jIvavibhakti, [25] kavaca, [26] yoni prAbhRta, [27] aMgacUlikA, [28] baMga cUlikA, [26[ vRddhacatu:zaraNa, [30] jambUpayannA. niyuktiyoM ke nAma 1 Avazyaka, 2 dazavakAlika, 3 uttarAdhyayana, 4 AcArAMga, 5 sUtrakRtAMga, 6 bRhatkalpa, 7vyavahAra, 8 dazAzrutaskaMdha, 6 kalpasUtra, 10 piNDa, 11 ogha 12 saMsakta.5 zeSa sUtroM ke nAma 1 kalpasUtra, 2 yati-jIta kalpa, 3 zrAddha-jIta kalpa' 4 pAkSika sUtra, 5 khAmaNA sUtra, 6 vaMdittu sUtra, 7 RSibhASita sUtra. vargIkaraNa-nandIsUtra meM 84 AgamoM kA vargIkaraNa isa prakAra hai : kAlika 37, utkAlika 26, aMga 12, dazA 5, Avazyaka 1. vartamAna meM upalabdha 45 AgamoM ke nAma : 1. samavAyAMga-nandI sUtra meM bhagavatI sUtra kA 'viyAha' nAma diyA hai. viyAha kA saMskRta 'vyAkhyA' hotA hai, aneka AgamoM meM 'jahA paNNattIe' se bhagavato sUtra kA 'pannatti' yaha saMkSipta nAma sUcita kiyA hai. bhagavatI sUtra kA vAstavika nAma 'viyAhapaeNatti' hai. TIkAkAra isakA saMskRta nAma 'vyAsyAprapti' dete haiM. 'bhagavatI sUtra' yaha nAma kevala mahattA (pUjyatA) sUcaka hai, vAstavika nahIM; kintu janasAdhAraNa meM yahI nAma adhika prasiddha hai. 2. vartamAna meM dRSTivAda ke vilupta hone para usake sthAna meM vizeSAvazyaka bhASya kA nAma milAkara 84 saMkhyA kI pUrti kara lI gaI hai. 3. nandIsUtra aura anuyogadvAra sUtra ko cUlikA sUtra bhI kahate haiM. 4. chaThA cheda sUtra 'paMcakalpa' isa samaya vilupta hai. 5. sUryaprApti-niyukti aura RSibhASita niyukti vartamAna meM upalabdha nahIM hai. NAAD ININENENINEERINEETITINENEFINENavaad For Private Personal use only www.jamiiforary.org
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________________ muni kanhaiyAlAla 'kamala' : Agama sAhitya kA paryAlocana : 813 aMga 11, upAMga 12, mUla 4, cheda sUtra 6, prakIrNaka 10, cUlikA sUtra 2. digambara paramparA ke AcArya vartamAna meM ukta 84 AgamoM ko vilupta mAnate haiM. zvetAmbara paramparA ke AcArya upalabdha 45 AgamoM ke atirikta zeSa AgamoM ko vilupta mAnate haiM. sthAnakavAsI aura terahapaMthI paramparA ke AcArya kevala 32 AgamoM ko hI prAmANika mAnate haiM. inakA mAnA huA krama isa prakAra hai: 11 aMga, 12 upAMga, 4 mUla sUtra, 4 chedasUtra. 1 Avazyaka yoga 32. dvAdazAMgoM ke pada sUtra ke jitane aMza se artha kA bodha hotA hai utanA aMza eka pada hotA hai.' yahAM dvAdazAMgoM ke padoM kI saMkhyA samavAyAMga aura nandI sUtra ke anusAra uddhRta kI gaI hai. zAstra kA nAma padaparimANa 1. AcArAMga 18 hajAra 2. sUtrakRtAMga 3. sthAnAMga 72 hajAra 4. samavAyAMga 1 lAkha 44 hajAra 5. bhagavatIsUtra 2 lAkha 88 hajAra 6. jJAtAdharmakathA 5 lAkha 76 hajAra 7. upAsakadazA 11 lAkha 52 hajAra 8. antakRddazA 23 lAkha 44 hajAra 6. anuttaropapAtika 46 lAkha 8 hajAra 10. praznavyAkaraNa 62 lAkha 16 hajAra 11. vipAkazruta 1 karor3e 84 lAkha 32 hajAra 12. dRSTivAda 1. yatrA'rthopalabdhistatpadam-nandI0 TokA 2. samavAyAMga aura nando sUtra ke anusAra AcArAMga ke donoM zrutaskandhoM ke 18 hajAra pada haiM. kintu AcArAMga niyukti meM kevala / adhyayanoM ke hI 18 hajAra pada mAne haiM. piMDaiSaNA, saptasaptatikA bhAvanA evaM niyukti, ina cAra cUlikAoM ke pada milAne se padoM kI saMkhyA bahu (adhika) hotI hai, aura nizItha cUlikA ke pada milAne se bahutara (atyadhika) saMkhyA hotI hai. 3. pUrva aMgoM se uttara uttara aMgoM meM dugune pada hote haiM-'padaparimANaM ca pUrvasmAt aMgAt uttarasmin uttarasmin aMge dviguNamavaseyam nandI TIkA. sUtrakRtAMganiyukti meM bhI aisA hI ullekha hai. 4. samavAyAMga ke anusAra bhagavatI sUtra ke kevala 18 hajAra pada hI haiM. bhagavatI sUtra meM bhI itane hI pada likhe haiM. yathA-gA. culasIya sayasaharasA, payANa pavaravaraNAgadasIhiM, bhAvAbhAvamaNaMttA pannatA etthamaMgaMmi. saMbhava hai naMdI sUtra meM vistRta yAcanA ke padoM kI saMkhyA kA ullekha huA hogA. 5. jJAtA dharmakathA ke 5 lAkha 86 hajAra pada haiM, kintu samavAyAMga aura nandI sUtra meM saMkhyeya hajAra padoM kA hI ullekha hai. 6. upAsakadazA ke padoM kA parimANa dekhate hue aisA anumAna hotA hai ki itanA bar3A upAsakadazA sUtra bha0 mahAvIra ke pahile kabhI rahA hogA, kyoMki nandI aura samavAyAMga ke anusAra bha0 mahAvIra ke daza pramukha zrAvakoM kA varNana to vidyamAna upAsaka dazA meM hai, phira kauna se anya zrAvakoM kA varNana isameM thA--jinake varNana meM itane padoM kA yaha vizAla Agama bha0 mahAvIra ke kAla meM rahA ? 7. vipAkata ke 1 karoDa 84 lAkha 32 hajAra pada haiM kintu samavAyAMga aura nandI sUtra meM saMkhyeya lAkha padoM kA hI ullekha hai. 8. dRSTivAda (14 pUrvo) ke karor3oM pada haiM kintu samavAyAMga aura nando sUtra meM saMkhyeya hajAra padoM kA ho ullekha hai. yathA-saMkhejjAI payasahassAI payaggeNaM-sama-nandI0 mUla. KARTRIAN EME dan NaaNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN
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________________ dRSTibAda 12 vRSNi dazA "puSpacUlikA 8nirayAvalikA kalpikA 8antakRtdazA 7candra prajJapti pR.bhA upAsakadazA 894 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya caudaha pUrvo ke nAma padaparimANa 1. utpAda pUrva 1 karor3a 2. agraNIya, 66 lAkha 3. vIrya , 70 lAkha 4. astinAstipravAda pUrva / 60 lAkha 5. jJAnapravAda pUrva 66 lAkha 66 hajAra 666 6. satyapravAda " 1 karoDa 6 7. AtmapravAda " 26 karor3a 8. karmapravAda " 1 karoDa 80 hajAra 6. pratyAkhyAnapravAda 84 lAkha 10. vidyAnapravAda " 1 karoDa 10 lAkha 11. avaMdhya 26 karor3a 12. prANAyu 1 karoDa 56 lAkha 13. kriyAvizAla " 9 karor3a 14. lokabindusAra " 123 karor3a zeSa AgamoM (upAMga, cheda, mUla, aura prakIrNakoM) ke padoM kI saMkhyA kA ullekha kisI Agama meM nahIM milatA. jambUdvIpaprajJapti ke pada' 305000 the. candraprajJapti ke pada 550000 the. sUryaprajJapti ke pada 350000 the. naMdIsUtra kI cUNi meM dvAdazAMga zruta ko puruSa rUpa meM citrita kiyA hai. jisa prakAra puruSa ke hAtha paira Adi pramukha aMga hote haiM, usI prakAra puruSa ke rUpa meM zruta ke aMgoM kI kalpanA pUrvAcAryoM ne prastuta kI hai AcArAMga aura sUtrakRtAMga zruta-puruSa ke do paira sthAnAMga aura samavAyAMga piMDaliyA~ bhagavatI sUtra aura jJAtAdharmakathA do a~ghAyeM haiM upAsaka dazA pRSTha bhAga aMtakRddazA dazA agrabhAga (udara Adi) anuttaropapAtika aura praznavyAkaraNa do hAtha vipAkazruta grIvA aura dRSTivAda mastaka hai (dekhie citra) dvAdaza upAMgoM kI racanA ke pazcAt zruta-puruSa ke pratyeka aMga ke sAtha eka-eka upAMgakI kalpanA bhI pracalita anuttapipAtika dazA TakalapAvartasikA 5bhagavatI sUtra jaMbUdIpa prajJapti 10 puSpikA 10 prazna vyAkaraNa OP 6 sUrya grahapti tAdharmakathA 3sthAnAGga jIvAbhigama 4samavAyAGga 4 prajJApanA AcArAGa auSapAtika 2 sUtrakRtAGga rAyapraznIya 000.0 10000 10000 100 3 1. kevala ina tIna upAGgoM ke padoM kA ullekha sva0 zrAcArya zrIamolaka RSijI mahArAja ne jaina tattva prakAza (saMskaraNa veM meM) meM kiyA hai kintu candraprApti aura sUryaprApti ke padoM meM itanA antara kyoM hai ? SPIDER MUNA Jain Hucation beter CSAT For Prise Use Only wwamsinelibrary.org
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________________ muni kanhaiyAlAla 'kamala' : zrAgama sAhitya kA paryAlocana : 815 hogaI. yahA~ pahale aMga kA aura usake sAmane usake upAMga kA ullekha kiyA jAtA hai1 AcArA~ga aupapAtika sUtra 2 sUtrakRtA~ga rAjapraznIya 3 sthAnAMga jIvAbhigama 4 samavayAMga prajJApanA 5 bhagavatI sUtra jaMbUdvIpa prajJapti 6 jJAtAdharmakathA sUryaprajJapti 7 upAsakadazA candra prajJati 8 aMtakRddazA nirayAvalikA kalpikA 6 anuttaropapAtikadazA kalpAvataMsikA 10 prazna vyAkaraNa puSpikA 11 vipAkazruta puSpacUlikA 12 dRSTivAda vRSNidazA zruta-puruSa kI kalpanA eka ati sundara kalpanA hai. prAcIna bhaNDAroM meM zrutapuruSa ke hastalikhita kalpanAcitra aneka upalabdha hote haiM. mAnava-zarIra ke aMga-upAMgoM kI saMkhyA ke sambandha meM AcAryoM ke aneka mata haiM, kintu yahA~ zrutapuruSa ke bAraha aMga aura bAraha upAMga hI mAne gaye haiM : sthAnAMga aura samavAyAMga Agama puruSa kI do jAMghe (piNDaliyAM) haiM. jIvAbhigama aura prajJApanA ye donoM inake upAMga haiM. kintu jA~ghoM ke upAMga puruSa kI AkRti meM kauna se haiM ? isI prakAra urU, udara, pRSTha aura grIvA ke upAMga kauna se haiM ? kyoMki zarIra-zAstra meM pairoM kI aMguliyA~ pairoM ke upAMga haiM. isI prakAra hAthoM ke upAMga hAthoM kI aMguliyA~, mastaka ke upAMga A~kha, kAna, nAka, aura muMha haiM. yadi inake atirikta aura bhI upAMga hote haiM to unakA nirdeza karake Agama pUruSa ke upAMgoM ke sAtha tulanA kI jAnI cAhie. aMgoM meM kahe hue arthoM kA spaSTa bodha karAne vAle upAMga sUtra haiM. prAcIna AcAryoM ke isa mantavya se katipaya aMgoM ke upAMgoM kI saMgati kisa prakAra ho sakatI hai ? yathA--jJAtAdharmakathA kA upAMga sUryaprajJapti aura upAsakadazA kA upAMga candraprajJapti mAnA gayA hai. inameM kyA saMgati hai ? "nirayAvaliyAo" kA zabdArtha hai-narakagAmI jIvoM kI AvalI arthAt-zreNI. isa artha ke anusAra eka "kappiyA" nAmaka upAMga hai. nirayAvaliyAo meM mAnanA ucita hai. zreNika rAjA ke kAla sukAla Adi daza rAjakumAroM kA varNana isa upAMga meM hai. ye daza rAjakumAra yuddha meM marakara naraka meM gaye the. kappiyA nAma kI arthasaMgati isa ikAra haikalpa arthAt AcAra-sAvadyAcAra aura niravadyAcAra, ye AcAra ke pramukha do bheda haiM, isa upAMga meM sAvadyAcAra ke phala kA kathana hai isalie kappiyA nAma sArthaka hai. kintu isa prakAra kI gaI arthasaMgati ko Adhunika vidvAn kevala kaSTakalpanA hI mAnate haiM. ve kahate haiM-kalpa-arthAt deva vimAna aura kalpoM meM utpanna hone vAloM kA varNana jisameM hai vaha upAMga kalpikA hai. sambhava hai vaha upAMga vilupta ho gayA hai. -subodhAsamAcArI 1. bhagavatI sUtra kA upAMga sUryaprApti aura jJAtAdharmakathA kA upAMga jaMbUdvIpa prajJapti hai. 2. "aMgArthaspaSTabodhavidhAyakAni upAMgAni" aupa0 TIkA. JaiNNE M orary.org
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________________ 16 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya ekAdazAGgoM kA uddezana kAla' kramAMka aMgasUtroM ke nAma uddezana kAla kramAMka aMgasUtroM ke nAma uddezana kAla AcArAMga 85 " upAsaka dazA sUtrakRtAGga antakRddazA sthAnAMga anuttaropapAtikadazA samavAyAMga praznavyAkaraNa bhagavatI vipAkazruta jJAtAdharmakathA 326 dina. upAMga, chedasUtra, mUlasUtra Adi AgamoM ke uddezanakAloM kA kahIM ullekha nahIM milatA hai ata: isakA adhyayana vAcanAcArya ke samIpa na karake svataH kareM to koI hAni nahIM hai, aisI mAnyatA paramparA se pracalita hai. 21 " 65 , bahuzruta hone ke lie nirdhArita pAThyakrama kitane varSa ke dIkSAparyAya vAlA zramaNa kisa Agama ke adhyayana kA adhikArI hotA hai, isakI eka niyata maryAdA batalAI gaI hai. vaha isa prakAra haitIna varSa ke dIkSAparyAya vAlA AcAra prakalpa (nizItha sUtra) ke adhyayana kA adhikArI mAnA gayA hai. isI prakAra cAra varSa ke dIkSAparyAya vAlA sUtrakRtAMga ke, pA~ca varSa vAlA dazAzrutaskandha, kalpa evaM vyavahAra ke, ATha varSa vAlA sthAnAMga aura samavAyAMga ke, dasa varSa vAlA bhagavatI ke, gyAraha varSavAlA, kSullikAvimAna Adi pAMca AgamoM ke, bArahavAlA aruNopapAta Adi pAMca AgamoM ke, teraha varSa vAlA utthAna dhrutAdi cAra AgamoM ke, caudahavarSa vAlA AziviSabhAvanA ke, pandraha varSavAlA dRSTiviSabhAvanA, solaha varSa vAlA cAraNabhAvanA, sattaraha varSa vAlA mahAsvapna bhAvanA ke, aThAraha varSa vAlA tejonisarga ke, unnIsa varSa vAlA dRSTivAda ke aura bIsa varSa ke dIkSAparyAya vAlA sabhI AgamoM ke adhyayana ke yogya hotA hai.6 -vyavahAra, uddezyaka 10 upAdhyAya aura prAcArya pada kI yogyatA prApta karane ke lie prAgamoM kA nirdhArita pAThyakrama tIna varSa kI dIkSA paryAya vAlA zramaNa yadi pavitra AcaraNa vAlA, zuddha saMyamI, anuzAsana meM kuzala, kSamAvAna, bahuzruta 1. samavAyAMga aura naMdIsUtra ke anusAra yahA~ gyAraha aMgoM ke uddezana kAla likhe hai. samavAyAMga meM jJAtAdharmakathA ke uddezana kAla 26 likhe haiM aura naMdIsUtra meM 16 uddezana kAla haiM. 2. samavAyAMga kA eka uddezana kAla hI kyoM hai, yaha vicAraNIya hai. upAsakadazA Adi kaI Agama samavAyAMga kI apekSA laghukAya haiM kintu unake uddazana kAla 10 se kama nahIM. 3. samavyAMga aura nandIsUtra meM bhagavatI sUtra ke uddazanakAla nahIM likhe--kintu bhagavatIsUtra kI prazasti meM uddezanakAloM kI eka sUcI hai usake anusAra uddezanakAla likhe haiM. 4. prArambha ke 6 aMgoM ke anta meM uddezanakAloM kA ullekha nahIM hai aura aMtima 5 aMgoM ke anta meM uddezanakAloM kA ullekha hai. 5. praznavyAkaraNa ke 45 uddezanakAla samavayAMga aura naMdIsUtra meM likhe gaye haiM. kintu yaha vilupta ho gayA hai. vartamAna meM upalabdha pazna vyAkaraNa ke aMta meM 10 uddezana kAla likhe haiM. 6. vIsa varSa ke isa lambe pAThyakrama meM AcArAMga jJAtAdharmakathA upAsakadazA aMtakRdazA anuttaropapAtikadazA praznavyAkaraNa viSAkazruta tathA sarva upAMga evaM mUlasUtroM ke adhyayana kA ullekha nahIM hai, kintu AcArAMga niyukti gAthA 10 meM navadIkSita ke lie sarvaprathama zrAcArAMga ke adhyayana karane kA ullekha hai tathA dazakAlika uttarAdhyayana naMdi Adi AgamoM kA adhyayana bhI navadIkSitoM ko karAne kI paripATI adyAvadhi pracalita hai, ina vibhinna mAnyatAoM kA mUla kyA hai ? yaha anveSaNIya hai. *** *** *** *** *** JainEd . Jainco . . F . m . LUTlibrary.org . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HMM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . / . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . .
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________________ muni kanhaiyAlAla 'kamala' : Agama sAhitya kA paryAlocana : 817 ho aura kama se kama AcAra prakalpa (nizItha) kA marmajJa ho to vaha upAdhyAya pada ke yogya hotA hai.' pAMca varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlA zramaNa yadi ukta AdhyAtmika yogyatA vAlA ho aura kama se kama dazAzrutaskandha, bRhatkalpa aura vyavahAra sUtra kA jJAtA ho to vaha AcArya aura upAdhyAya pada ke yogya hotA hai. ATha varSa ke dIkSA paryAyavAlA zramaNa yadi ukta AdhyAtmika yogyatA vAlA ho aura kama se kama sthAnAMga samavAyAMga kA jJAtA ho to vaha AcArya, upAdhyAya, pravartaka sthavira gaNi aura gaNAvacchedaka pada ke yogya hotA hai. M nirdhArita pAThyakrama kA adhyayana karane yogya vaya sAmAnyatayA jisa zramaNa-zramaNI ke bagala meM bAla paidA hone lagate haiM, vaha (zramaNa, zramaNI) AgamoM ke adhyayana yogya vaya vAlA mAnA gayA hai. anuyogoM ke anusAra AgamoM kA vargIkaraNa anuyogoM ke anusAra AgamoM kA cAra vibhAgoM meM vibhAjana kiyA gayA hai. yathA-1. caraNakaraNAnuyoga, 2. dharmakathAnuyoga 3. dravyAnuyoga, evaM 4. gaNitAnuyoga. yaha vibhAjana isa prakAra haicaraNakaraNAnuyoga-dazavakAlika, bRhatkalpa, vyavahAra, nizItha, Avazyaka, praznavyAkaraNa, causaraNapayannA, AturapratyAkhyAna, mahApratyAkhyAna bhaktaparijJA, saMstAraka, gacchAcAra, maraNasamAdhi, candrAvedhyaka, paryaMtArAdhanA, piMDa vizodhi. dharmakathAnuyoga-jJAtAdharmakathA, upAsakadazA, antakRddazA, anuttaropapAtikadazA, vipAkazruta, nirayAvalikA [kappiyA] kappavaDaMsiyA, pupiphayA, puSpavulikA, vahnidazA, RSibhASita, jambUsvAmI adhyayana, sArAvalI. dravyAnuyoga-prajJApanA, naMdIsUtra. gaNitAnuyoga-candraprajJapti, sUryaprajJapti, jyotiSkaraNDaka, dvIpasAgara prajJapti, gaNividyA, yoni prAbhRta, tithi prakIrNaka. zrAgama ke do bheda-mUlataH AgamoM ke do vibhAga haiM : 1. aMga praviSTa aura 2. aMgabAhya. jina AgamoM meM gaNadharoM ne tIrthaMkara bhagavAn ke upadeza ko grathita kiyA hai, una AgamoM ko aMgapraviSTa kahate haiM. AcArAMga Adi bAraha aMga aMgapraviSTa haiM. dvAdazAMgI ke atirikta Agama aMga bAhya haiM. aGgabAhya ke do bheda-Avazyaka aura Avazyakavyatirikta, Avazyaka ke 6 bheda haiM-1. sAmAyika, 2. catuvizatistava, 3. vaMdanA, 4. pratikramaNa, 5. kAyotsarga, 6. pratyAkhyAna. 1. koI bhI zramaNa ukta AdhyAtmika yogyatA ke vinA cAhe vaha kitane hI AgamoM kA jJAtA ho-upAdhyAya Adi padoM kA adhikArI nahIM ho sakatA-vyava0 udde0 3. 2. ukta yogyatA se alpa yogyatA vAlA upAdhyAya AcArya Adi padoM ke ayogya hotA hai. 3. ukta yogya vaya vAle pAtra ko nirdhArita pAThyakrama kA adhyayana na karAnA bhI eka prakAra kA aparAdha hai. nizI0 udda016. 4. zeSa sabhI AgamoM meM anuyogoM kA mizraNa hai kisI meM do kisI meM tIna aura kisI meM cAroM anuyogoM kA mizraNa hai. 5. aMga praviSTa-naMdIsUtra 'aMga praviSTa' AgamoM kI sUcI hai. usameM bAraha aMgoM ke nAma haiM kintu 'praviSTa' zabda kucha viziSTa artha rakhatA hai. kucha vidvAnoM kA yaha abhimata hai ki sthAnAMga meM jisa praznabyAkaraNa kA ullekha hai vaha vilupya ho gayA hai aura usake sthAna para vartamAna prazna vyAkaraNa jo hai vaha aMga praviSTa hai. isI prakAra vidhAka, antakRdazA, AcArAMga kA dvitIya zrutaskandha aura samavAyAMga kA 100 samavAya ke pIche kA bhAga aMga praviSTa hai. 6. upAMga, mUla aura sUtroM ke sambandha meM prAyaH aise ullekha milate haiM ki-amuka pUrva meM se amuka AcArya ne isa Agama ko uddhRta kiyA hai. caudaha pUrva dRSTivAda ke vibhAga haiM aura dRSTivAda bArahavAM aMga hai kintu dRSTivAda meM se uddhRta AgamoM ko aMga praviSTa na mAnakara aMga bAhya mAnanA vicAraNIya avazya hai.
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________________ 18 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya Avazyaka vyatirikta ke 2 bheda haiM-kAlika' aura utkAlika. inakI sUcI isa prakAra hai-- utkAlika sUtra-1 dazavakAlika, 2 kalpikAkalpika, 3. culla (laghu) 3 kalpasUtra, 4 mahAkalpa sUtra, 5 aupapAtika, 6 rAjapraznIya, 7 jIvAbhigama, 8 prajJApanA, 6 mahAprajJApanA, 10 pramAdApramAdam, 11 naMdIsUtra, 12 anuyogadvAra, 13 devendrastava, 14 taMdula vaicArika, 15 candrAvedhyaka, 16 sUrya prajJapti, 17 pauruSI maMDala, 18 maMDala praveza, 16 vidyAcaraNavinizcaya, 20 gaNividyA, 21 dhyAnavibhakti, 22 maraNavibhakti, 23 Atmavizodhi, 24 vItarAga zruta 25 saMlekhanA zruta, 26 vihArakalpa, 27 caraNavidhi, 28 AturapratyAkhyAna, 26 mahApratyAkhyAna, ityAdi. kAlika sUtra-1 uttarAdhyayana, 2 dazA [dazAzrutaskandha], 3 kalpa [bRhat kalpa], 4 vyavahAra, 5 nizItha, 6 mahAnizItha, 7 RSibhASita, 8 jambUdvIpa prajJapti, dvIpasAgara prajJapti, 10 candra prajJapti, 11 bhudrikAvimAna pravibhakti, 12 mahallikA pravibhakti, 13 aMga cUlikA, 14 varga cUlikA, 15 vivAha cUlikA, 16 aruNopapAta, 17 varuNopapAta, 18 garuDopapAta, 16 dharaNopapAta, 20 vaizramaNopapAta 21 valaMdharopapAta, 22 devendropapAta, 23 utthAnazruta, 24 samutthAnazruta, 25 nAgaparijJAvaNikA, 36 nirayAvalikA, 27 kalpikA, 28 kalpAvataMsikA, 26 puSpikA, 30 puSpacUlikA, 31 vRSNidazA, 32 AziviSa bhAvanA, 33 dRSTiviSa bhAvanA, 34 svapna bhAvanA, 35 mahAsvapna bhAvanA, 36 tejogni nisarga. zrAgama ke do bheda-laukika aura lokottara anuyogadvAra meM kevala AcArAMgAdi dvAdazAMgoM ko hI lokottara Agama mAnA hai. isI prakAra lokottara zruta bhI AcArAMga Adi dvAdazAMga hI mAne gaye haiM. zrAgama ke do bheda-gamika aura agamika, gamika dRSTivAda, agamika---kAlikasUtra Agama ke tIna bheda-(1) sUtrAgama (2) arthAgama (3) tadubhayAgama. sUtrAgama-mUlarUpa Agama ko sUtrAgama kahate haiM. arthAgama-sUtra-zAstra ke artharUpa Agama ko arthAgama kahate haiM. tadubhayAgama-sUtra aura artha donoM rUpa Agama ko tadubhayAgama kahate haiM. -anuyogadvArasUtra 143 zrAgama ke aura tIna bheda haiM-(1) AtmAgama (2) anantarAgama (3) paramparAgama. AtmAgama-guru ke upadeza vinA svayameva AgamajJAna honA AtmAgama hai. jaise-tIrthaMkaroM ke lie arthAgama AtmAgama rUpa hai aura gaNadharoM ke lie sUtrAgama AtmAgamarUpa hai. 1. (ka) kAlika aura utkAlika vargIkaraNa kA rahasya kyA hai, yaha aba taka dRSTi patha meM nahIM AyA. (kha) yahAM utkAlika sUtra 26 ke nAma likhe haiM kintu anta meM 'ityAdi' kA kathana hone se anya nAma kA honA bhI sambhava hai. (ga) kAlika sUtroM ke anta meM 'ityAdi' kA ullekha nahIM hai ataH anya sUtroM kA parigaNana karanA ucita nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai. 2. sUrya prajJapti ko utkAlika aura candra prazapti ko kAlika mAnane kA kyA kAraNa hai jabaki donoM upAMga haiM aura donoM ke mUla pAThoM meM pUNe sAmya hai ? 3. uttarAdhyayana yadi bha0 mahAvIra kI antima apuTTa vAgaraNA hai to use aMgabATa kaise kahA jA sakatA hai, yaha vicAraNIya hai. kyoMki sarvajJa kathita aura gaNadharagrathita Agama aMgapraviSTa mAnA jAtA hai. 4. naMdIsUtra meM nirdiSTa isa vargIkaraNa se eka AzaMkA paidA hotI hai--ki utkAlika sUtra gamika haiM yA agamika ? kyoMki kevala kAlika sUtra agamika haiM. naMdI sUtra meM kAlika aura utkAlika ye do bheda kevala aMga bAhya sUtroM ke haiM-ataH aMgapraviSTa arthAt-gyAraha aMga kAlika haiM yA utkAlika, yaha jJAta nahIM hotA. gyAraha aMga gamika haiM yA agamika ? yaha bhI nirNaya nahIM hotA. paramparA se gyAraha aMgoM ko agamika aura kAlika mAnate haiM kintu isake lie Agama pramANa kA anveSaNa Avazyaka hai. 5. anuyogadvAra meM kAlika zrata ko aura dRSTivAda ko bhinna-bhinna kahA hai ataH dRSTivAda kAlika hai yA utkAlika ? yaha bhI vicAraNIya hai, kyoMki naMdI sUtra meM kAlika evaM utkAlika kI sUcI meM dvAdazAMgoM kA nirdeza nahIM hai. VPAIMAN Jain Educson inte S tiry.org
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________________ muni kanhaiyAlAla kamala : pAgama sAhitya kA paryAlocana : 811 prAgamoM kA vargIkaraNa Agama wwwwwwwwwww anaMgapraviSTa Avazyaka Avazyakaatirikta aMgapraviSTa 1 AcAra 2 sUtrakRta 3 sthAna 4 samavAya 5 bhagavatI 6 jJAtRdharma-kathA 7 upAsakadazA 8 antakRd dazA 6 anuttaropapAtika dazA 10 praznavyAkaraNa 11 vipAka 12 dRSpivAda 1 sAmAyika 2 caturviMzatistava 3 vandanA 4 pratikramaNa 5 kAyotsarga 6 pratyAkhyAna kAlika utkAlika 1 uttarAdhyayana 2 dazAzrutaskandha 1 dazavakAlika 3 kalpa 4 vyavahAra 3 culla kalpazruta 5 nizItha 3 mahAnizItha 5 aupapAtika 7 RSibhAsita 8 jaMbUdvIpa prajJapti 7 jIvAbhigama 6 dIpasAgara prajJapti 10 candra prajJapti 6 mahAprajJApanA 11kSullikAvimAna-pravibhakti 12 mahallikAvimAna-pravibhakti 11 nandI 13 aMga cUlikA 14 vagga cUlikA 13 devendrastava 15 vivAha cUlikA 16 aruNopapAta 15 candrAvedhyaka 17 gahalopapAta 18 dharaNovapAta 17 pauruSImaMDala 16 vesamaNopapAta 20 vailaMdharopapAta 16 vidyAcaraNavinizcaya 21 devindropapAta 22 utthAna zruta 21 dhyAnavibhakti 23 samutthAna zruta 24 nAgapariyApanikA 23 Atmavizodhi 25 kalpikA 26 kalpAvataMsikA 25 malekhanAzruta 27 puSpikA 28 puSpa cUlikA 27 caraNavidhi 26 vRSNidazA 30 AzIviSabhAvanA 26 mahApratyAkhyAna 31 dRSTiviSa bhAvanA 32 cAraNa bhAvanA 33 mahAsvapna bhAvanA 34 tejo'gni nisarga 2 kalpikAkalpika 4 mahAkalpazruta 6 rAjapraznIya 8 prajJApanA 10 pramAdApramAda 12 anuyogadvAra 14 taMdulavaicArika 16 sUryaprajJapti 18 pravezamaMDala 20 gaNividyA 22 maraNavibhakti 24 vItarAgazruta 26 vihArakalpa 28 AturaprakhyAkhyAna * * * * * * * * * * * * ** * 3 %80 . . ... .... .. . .......... .. . ....... ... ..... . . ......... .. . . .. ....... .... .
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________________ 820 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-prantha : caturtha adhyAya anantarAgama-sarvajJa se prApta hone vAlA AgamajJAna anantarAgama hai. gaNadharoM ke lie arthAgama anantarAgama rUpa hai. tathA jambUsvAmI Adi gaNadharoM ke ziSyoM ke lie sUtrAgama anantarAgama rUpa hai. paramparAgama-sAkSAt sarvajJa se prApta na hokara jo AgamajJAna unake ziSya praziSyAdi kI paramparA se AtA hai vaha paramparAgama hai. jaise jambUsvAmI Adi gaNadhara-ziSyoM ke lie arthAgama paramparAgama rUpa hai. tathA inake pazcAt ke sabhI ke lie sUtra evaM artha donoM prakAra ke Agama paramparAgama haiM. -anuyogadvAra pramANAdhikArasUtra 144 sAmAyika Adi gyAraha aMga : aMga aura upAMgasUtroM ke aneka kathAnakoM meM "sAmAiyamAiyAI ekkArasa aMgAI ahijjai" aisA pATha milatA hai kintu gyAraha aMgoM meM prathama aMga kA nAma AcArAMga hai aura ukta pATha meM gyAraha aMgoM meM Adi aMga kA nAma (prathama aMga) sAmAyika aMga hai aisA pratIta hotA hai. AcArAMganiyukti meM AcArAGga ke aneka nAma likhe haiM. unameM "sAmAyika" nAma nahIM hai. yadi anyatra kahIM "sAmAyika" nAma AcArAGga kA upalabdha ho to yaha pATha saMgata ho sakatA hai. yadi uktapATha meM "sAmAyika" Avazyaka ke prathama adhyayana kA nAma abhISTa hai to yaha eka vicAraNIya prazna bana jAtA hai kyoMki Avazyaka (Agama) aMgabAhya hai-aura sAmAyika Avazyaka kA prathama adhyayana gyAraha aMgoM meM kA Adi aMga kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai. kalpa vidhAna ke anusAra bha0 mahAvIra ke zAsana meM zramaNoM ke lie "Avazyaka" anivArya mAna liyA gayA thA. phalasvarUpa Avazyaka kaNThastha hue vinA upasthApanA nahIM ho sakatI hai aisA niyama bana gayA thA. isalie sarvaprathama sAmAyika Adi AvazyakoM kA adhyayana gyAraha aGgoM ke adhyayana se pahale karane kA vidhAna banA thA. sambhava hai uphta pATha ke sambandha meM yahI mAnyatA rahI ho. aisI sthiti meM "sAmAiyamAiyAI ekkArasaaMgAI ahijjai" kA yahI artha samajhanA cAhie ki koI sAdhaka sAmAyika arthAt Avazyaka sUtra ke prathama adhyayana se prArambha karake gyAraha aGgoM kA adhyayana karatA hai. bha0 neminAtha ke anuyAyI muni "thAvaccAputra" ke varNana meM tathA anya katipaya varNanoM meM bhI aisA hI pATha dekhA jAtA hai, aisI sthiti meM ukta sambhAvanA kahA~ taka ucita hai ? AgamavizAradoM ke sAmane yaha prazna anveSaNIya hai. AgamoM kI pAMca vAcanAe~ prathamA vAcanA :--AcArya bhadrabAhu kI adhyakSatA meM pATalIputra meM huI, isa samaya samasta zramaNoM ne milakara ekAdaza aGgoM ko vyavasthita kiyA. dRSTivAda isa samaya vilupta ho cukA thA. dvitIyA vAcanA:-Arya skandila kI adhyakSatA meM mathurA meM huI. ekatrita zramaNoM kI smRti meM jitanA zruta sAhitya thA vaha vyavasthita kiyA gayA. tRtIyA vAcanA:-AcArya nAgArjuna kI adhyakSatA meM valabhI meM huI. ekatrita zramaNoM ne AgamoM ke mUlapAThoM ke sAtha-sAtha AgamoM ke vyAkhyAsAhitya kI saMkalanA bhI kI. zrI kalyANavijayajI mahArAja kA yaha mata hai, kintu kucha vidvAnoM kA yaha mata hai ki AcArya nAgArjuna kI adhyakSatA meM "Agama" vAcanA to huI kintu kisa jagaha huI ? isaliye koI Thosa pramANa aba taka nahIM milA. phira bhI AgamoM kI TIkA meM yatra-tatra 'nAgArjunIyAstvevaM paThanti" aisA ullekha milatA hai ata: AcArya nAgArjuna kI adhyakSatA meM vAcanA avazya huI" yaha nizcita hai. caturthI vAcanA:-devadhi gaNi kSamAzramaNa kI adhyakSatA meM valabhI meM huI. sammilita zramaNoM kI smRti meM jitanA zruta. sAhitya thA sArA lipibaddha kiyA gayA. paJcamI vAcanA:-AgamoM ko lipibaddha karane meM sabase bar3I kaThinAI AgamoM ke gamika (samAna) pAThoM kI thI HIRAM ian EdTOSvavavavavavavavavaINESENINANINNINNI
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________________ muni kanhaiyAlAla 'kamala' : prAgama sAhitya kA paryAlocana : 821 isaliye samasta AgamoM kI saMkSipta vAcanA kA eka saMskaraNa tayyAra kiyA gayA. isa vAcanA meM-yatra tatra "jahA uvavAie" "jahA pannattIe" "jahA pannavaNAe"-Adi lagA kara aneka gamika pATha saMkSipta kiye gaye haiM. ataH isa vAcanA ko saMkSipta vAcanA mAnA jAtA hai, kaI vidvAnoM kI mAnyatA hai ki devadhi gaNi kSamAzramaNa hI isa vAcanA ke Ayojaka the. usa samaya pratyeka zramaNa ko yaha lagana lagI thI ki AgamoM kI pratiyA~ alpa bhAra vAlI baneM jisase bihAra meM hara eka zramaNa AgamoM kI kucha pratiyAM sAtha meM rakha sakeM. isaliye ve samAna pAThoM ko bindiyAM lagA kara likhate the. yaha bhI eka saMkSipta vAcanA ke liye upakrama thA, kintu isakA pariNAma zramaNoM ke liye acchA nahIM huA. navadIkSita zramaNa bindI vAle pAThoM kI pratiyoM para svAdhyAya nahIM kara sake kyoMki kisa akSara se kitanA pATha bolanA yaha abhyAsa ke vinA asaMbhava thA. yadi AgamoM ke Adhunika vidvAn vistRta aura saMkSipta vAcanAoM ke saMskaraNa tayyAra kareM to yaha bahuta bar3I zrutasevA hogI. upalabdha AgamoM meM saMkSipta aura vistRta vAcanA ke pATha sammilita haiM ataH eka bhI Agama aisA nahIM hai jise vistRta yA saMkSipta vAcanA kA svataMtra Agama kahA jA sake. aba eka aura vAcanA kI AvazyakatA hai bhagavAn mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke pazcAt 680 varSoM meM 3-4 vAcanAyeM huI kintu devadhi kSamAzramaNa ke pazcAt ina 1500 varSoM meM saMgha kI ora se sammilita vAcanA eka bhI nahIM huI. isa lambI avadhi meM janasaMgha-zvetAmbara. digambara, yativarga, loMkAgaccha, sthAnakavAsI, terApaMthI Adi aneka bhAgoM meM vibhakta ho gayA. daza varSa pazcAt bha0 mahAvIra ko nirvANa huye 2500 varSa pUre ho jAyaMge arthAt sArdha dvisahasrAbdI kI smRti meM zvetAmbara jainoM kI samasta zAkhA-prazAkhAoM kI ora se eka sammilita AgamavAcanA avazya honI cAhie aura isake liye abhI se saMyukta prayatna honA cAhie. AgamoM ke vilupta hone kA itihAsa vIra nirvANa saMvat 170 meM antima cAra pUrvo kA viccheda huA. 1000 meM pUrva jJAna kA sarvathA viccheda huA. 1250 meM bhagavatI sUtra kA hrAsa huA. 1300 meM samavAyAMga kA hrAsa huA. 1350 meM sthAnAGga kA , 1400 meM bRhatkalpa aura vyavahAra kA hrAsa huA. . 1500 meM dazAkalpa sUtra kA , 1600 meM sUtrakRtAGga kA , pazcAt AcArAMga Adi kA hrAsa krama se hotA gayA --tIrthodgArika prakIrNaka vIrAt 680 varSa pazcAt devadhikSamAzramaNa kI adhyakSatA meM sabhI Agama likha liye gaye the, yaha eka aitihAsika satya hai. kintu naMdI sUtra meM AgamoM ke jitane pada likhe haiM kyA ve saba likhe gaye the ? yadi saba likhe gaye the to naMdI sUtra meM pratyeka aMga ke jitane adhyayana, uddezaka, zataka, pratipatti, varga Adi likhe haiM utane hI usa samaya the yA unase adhika the? adhika the to likhe kyoM nahIM gaye ? ENINANININNININININENINININRNININANInA
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________________ 822 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya utane hI the to--unake itane hI pada hoM yaha kabhI saMbhava nahIM kahA jA sakatA. naMdI sUtra meM AgamoM ke jitane pada likhe haiM utane pada nahIM likhe gaye. yadi yaha pakSa mAna liyA jAya to yaha prazna hamAre sAmane upasthita hotA hai. devadhi kSamAzramaNa ke samaya kitane pada the? aura jitane pada the utane padoM kA ullekha kyoM nahIM kiyA gayA ? usa samaya jitane pada the yadi unakA ullekha kiyA jAtA to isa samaya taka kitane pada kama hue yaha spaSTa jJAta ho jAtA. devadhi kSamAzramaNa ke samaya meM dRSTivAda vilupta ho gayA thA aura zeSa AgamoM ke bhI katipaya aMza vilupta ho gaye the, isaliye yaha spaSTa hai ki-naMdI meM pratyeka aMga ke jitane pada mAne haiM utane pada to devadhi kSamAzramaNa ke samaya meM nahIM the. prAgamoM ke katipaya mUla pAThoM ko mataikyatA meM kucha bAdhAyeM AgamoM kI jitanI vAcanAe~ huI una saba meM pramukha vAcanAcAryoM ke sAmane pAThabhedoM aura pAThAntaroM ko vikaTa samasyA samupasthita huI thI, vicAravimarza ke pazcAt bhI sammilita sabhI zrutadhara antima vAcanA ke anta taka eka mata nahIM ho sake. phalasvarUpa sarvajJa-praNIta AgamoM ke mUla pAThoM meM bhI kucha aise pAThoM kA astitva rahA, jinake kAraNa prabala mata-bheda paidA ho gaye aura bha0 mahAvIra kA saMgha aneka gaccha-sampradAyoM meM vighaTita ho gayA. parama yogIrAja zrI Anandadhana ne anaMta jinastuti meM saMgha kI vAstavika sthiti kA nagna citra ina zabdoM meM upasthita kiyA hai. gacchanA bheda bahu nayana nihAlatAM, tattva nI bAta karatA na lAje, udarabharaNAdi nija kAja karatA thakAM, moha nar3iyA kalikAla chAje, devadhi kSamAzramaNa ke samaya meM aMga AgamoM ke jitane adhyayana uddeze zataka Adi the utane hI vartamAna meM haiM. kevala praznavyAkaraNa meM AmUla-cUla parivartana huA hai. bhagavatI aura aMtagaDa ke adhyayana Adi meM avazya kamI AI hai, zeSa Agama to jyoM ke tyoM haiM. niSkarSa yaha hai ki lipibaddha hone ke pazcAt Agama sAhitya kA hrAsa itanA nahIM huA jitanA devadhi kSamAzcamaNa ke pUrva huA. yaha siddha karane ke liye yahA~ katipaya aitihAsika pramANa prastuta haiM. 1. bhadrabAhu ke yuga meM uttara bhArata meM bhayaMkara duSkAla par3A. durbhikSa ke kAraNa jaina saMgha idhara-udhara bikhara gayA. yaha duSkAla bha0 mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke pazcAt dUsarI zatAbdI meM huA thA, AcArya sthUlibhadra kI adhyakSatA meM pATaliputra meM zramaNa-saMgha sammilita huA. isameM gyAraha aMgoM kA saMkalana kiyA gayA. 2. pATalIputra pariSad ke anantara deza meM do bAra bAraha varSoM ke duSkAla par3e. inameM sAdhu saMsthA aura sAhitya kA saMgraha chinna-bhinna ho gayA. 3. vikrama ke 500 varSa bAda bhArata meM eka bhayaMkara duSkAla par3A usameM phira jaina dharma kA sAhitya idhara-udhara astavyasta ho gayA. pATalIputra aura mAdhurI vAcanA ke bAda vallabhI vAcanA kA yahI samaya thA, isa duSkAla meM aneka zratadhara kAla-dharma ko prApta ho gaye the, zeSa bace hue sAdhuoM ko vIra saMvat 180 meM saMgha ke Agraha se devadhi kSamAzramaNa ne nimaMtrita kiyA aura vallabhI meM unake mukha se-avazeSa rahe hue khaNDita athavA akhaNDita Agama-pAThoM ko saMkalita kiyA. vyAkhyA bheda-bha0 mahAvIra ke saMgha meM kucha aise pramukha AcArya bhI hue jinhoMne apanI mAnyatAnusAra katipaya mUla pAThoM kI vyAkhyAe~ kI. isase pAkSika evaM sAMvatsarika parva sambandhI matabheda jaina saMgha meM itane dRDha-baddhamUla ho gaye haiM OmmIAS D IREVI JainEdSHEE P ry.org
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________________ muni kanhaiyAlAla 'kamala' : Agama sAhitya kA paryAlocana : 823 jinakA unmUlana aneka muni-sammelanoM ke saMgaThita prayatnoM ke pazcat bhI nahIM huA. tIrthaMkara kA vacanAtizaya aura katipaya sandehajanaka zabda-tIrthakaroM kA eka atizaya aisA hai ki jisake prabhAva se deva, dAnava, mAnava aura pazu sabhI apanI apanI bhASA meM jinavANI ko pariNata kara lete haiM. jinavANI se zrotAoM kI zaMkAoM kA unmUlana ho jAtA hai, kintu upalabdha aMgAdi AgamoM meM mAMsa, matsya, asthika, kapota, mArjAra aura jinapaDimA, caitya, siddhAlaya Adi zabdoM ke prayoga sandehajanaka haiM. yadyapi TIkAkAroM ne ina bhrAntimUlaka zabdoM kA samAdhAna kiyA hai phira bhI ina zabdoM ke sambandha meM yadA-kadA vivAda khar3e ho hI jAte haiM. prazna yaha hai ki sarvajJakathita evaM gaNadhara grathita AgamoM meM ina zabdoM ke prayoga kyoM hue ? kyoMki sUtra sadA asaMdigdha hote haiM. AgamoM kA lekhanakAla-sthAnakavAsI samAja meM AgamoM kA lekhanakAla vikrama kI 16 vIM zatAbdI hai. svAdhyAya ke lie aura jJAnabhaNDAroM ke lie AgamoM kI pratilipiyAM karAne vAloM ne vyavasAyI lekhakoM ko mUla, TIkA, TabbA Adi kI jaisI pratiyA~ dI vaisI hI pratilipiyoM kA sarvatra pracAra huA. itihAsa se yaha nizcita hai ki 14 vIM zatAbdI taka AgamoM kI jitanI pratilipiyA~ huIM ve saba caityavAsiyoM kI dekharekha meM huI aura AgamoM ke vyAkhyA-grantha bhI isI paramparA ke likhe huye the. Arambha meM sthAnakavAsI paramparA ko AgamoM kI jitanI pratiyA~ milIM ve saba caityavAsI vicAradhArA se anuprANita thIM. lokAzAha likhita AgamoM kI pratiyAM-lokAzAha lekhaka the aura zAstrajJa bhI the. ve pratimA pUjA ke virodhI the kintu unake likhe hue AgamoM kI yA unakI mAnyatA kI vyAkhyA karane vAle AgamoM kI pratiyAM kisI bhI saMgrahAlaya meM Aja taka upalabdha nahIM huI haiM. ataH vAdavivAda ke prasaMgoM meM sthAnakavAsI mAnyatA samarthaka prAcIna pratiyoM kA abhAva akharatA hai. sthAnakavAsI paramparA ke dIkSA Adi pAvana prasaMgoM para lekhakoM se jo AgamoM kI pratiyAM lI jAtI haiM ve saba prAyaH zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka mAnyatA kI vyAkhyA vAlI hotI haiM. vAstava meM sthAnakavAsI mAnyatA kI vyAkhyA vAlI pratiyoM ke pracAra va prasAra ke liye saMgaThita prayatna huA hI nahIM. AgamoM kI dariyApurI pratiyAM-gujarAta kI dariyApurI pratiyA~ prAyaH sabhI jJAnabhaNDAroM meM milatI haiM kintu unameM bhI vivAdAspada sthAnoM kI sthAnakavAsI mAnyatA kI vyAkhyA nahIM milatI, isaliye AgAmI muni-sammelanoM meM isa saMbaMdha meM vicAra-vinimaya honA Avazyaka hai. jainAgamoM kA mudraNakAla-sthAnakavAsI samAja meM sarvaprathama AgamabattIsI (hiMdI anuvAda sahita) kA mudraNa dAnavIra seTha jvAlAprasAda jI ne karavAyA. sampUrNa battIsI kA hiMdI anuvAda sva0 pUjya zrI amolakha RSi jI ma0 ne kiyA. zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka samAja meM dAnavIra seTha dhanapatarAya jI ne sarvaprathama jainAgamoM kA mudraNa karavAyA. AcArya sAgarAnanda sUri ne Agamodaya samiti dvArA adhika se adhika AgamoM kI TIkAoM kA prakAzana karavAyA. puppha bhikkhu dvArA sampAdita suttAgame kA prakAzana huA hai kintu mAMsa-paraka aura jinapratimA sambandhI kaI pAThoM ko nikAla dene se isa prakAzana kI prAmANikatA nahIM rahI hai. 1. teIsavA atizaya 2. praznanyAkaraNa dvitIya saMvara dvAra, anuyogadvAra, vyAkhyAprApti dekheM. JONESTANTHANIANTRE OURISMISS Muly Jain Educay Viry.org
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________________ wwwmm ~ ~ ~ ~m 824 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya eka-eka do-do AgamoM ke prakAzana to kaI jagaha se hue haiM. kiMtu inakA vyApaka kSetra nahIM bana sakA kyoMki sAmpradAyika dRSTikoNa sarvatra pragati kA bAdhaka banatA rahatA hai. bhAvI prakAzana - isa yuga meM AgamabattIsI ke eka aise saMskaraNa kI AvazyakatA hai jo sarvazreSTha mudraNa-kalA se mudrita ho aura pAkeTa sAija meM eka jilda meM cAra anuyogoM meM vargIkRta evaM punarukti rahita ho tameva sacce zirasa jisehiM paya-nahI asaMdigdha satya hai jo jina bhagavAn ne kahA hai. jainAgamoM kA yaha saMkSipta paryAlocana jisa rUpa meM maiM cAhatA thA usa rUpa meM prastuta nahIM kara sakA. isameM eka pramukha kAraNa thA - paryApta sAhitya sAmagrI kA abhAva. zraddheya kSamAzramaNa zrI hajArImalajI mahArAja sA0 ke zrI caraNoM meM rahane kA mujhe saubhAgya prApta huA hai. unakI Adarza Agama bhakti kI amiTa chApa mere hRdaya para aMkita hai. unake zrImukha se " tameva saccaM NissaMkaM jaM jirohi paveiyaM" yaha vAkya sadA sarvadA prasphuTita hotA rahatA thA. ve mujha se aneka vAra AgamoM kA svAdhyAya sunate, yathAprasaMga cintana manana kA prasAda dete aura jarA-jarjarita deha se bhI niyamita svAdhyAya karate the. unake punIta pAda-padmoM kI smRti meM merA yaha alpa ardhya sabhakti samarpita hai. zramaNottama zrI hajArImala jI mahArAja kI smRti meM prakAzita yaha "smRtigraMtha " zuddha sAtvika jJAnayajJa hai. stRtigraMtha ke saMpAdakoM kI yaha mahAn zrutasevA aura dAnadAtAoM kI jJAna bhakti yuga-yuga taka amara rahegI. sAtha hI svAdhyAyazIla pAThakoM kI jJAna ArAdhanA sadA sarvadA saphala hotI rahegI. hAma
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________________ muni zrIkAntisAgara ajamera samIpavartI kSetra ke katipaya upekSita hindI sAhityakAra bhAratIya itihAsa ke nirmANa meM ajayameru-ajayagar3ha-ajamera kI apanI viziSTa dena rahI hai. isa bhUkhaMDa kA atIta atyanta gauravamaya rahA hai. madhyakAla Ate-Ate to yaha dillI AgarA ke sAtha hI sampUrNa bhAratIya rAjanIti aura saMskRti kA preraka kendra ho gayA. dhArmika dRSTi se ajamera kA mahattva akSuNNa hai. rAjA ajayapAla, AcArya zrI jinadattasUrijI aura sUphI saMta khvAjA muInuddIna, ciztI se saMbaddha dharmamUlaka kathAeM Aja bhI janamAnasa meM anuprANita haiM. daragAha khvAjA sAhaba aura puSkarajI musalamAna aura hinduoM ke puNya tIrthasthala sthAnIya dhArmika vibhUti ke rUpa meM mAnya hai. rAjapUta saMskRti aura Aryadharma kA gar3ha samajhA jAnevAlA yaha bhUkhaMDa saMskRta evam hindI sAhityakAroM kI karmabhUmi rahA hai. hindI rAso sAhitya kA Adi graMtha pRthvIrAja rAso kI praNayanabhUmi evam antima AryasamrAT cauhAnakulatilaka pRthvIrAja kI krIr3AsthalI ke rUpa meM ajamera hindI bhASA aura sAhitya ke itihAsa meM sarvajJAta rahA hai. kiso samaya parama sArasvatopAsakoM kA yahAM acchA saMgama thA, deza ke diggaja vidvAn zAstrArthArtha yahA~ AyA karate the. saM0 1236 kA kharatara. gacchIya zrI jinapatisUri aura padmaprabha kA saphala zAstrArtha itihAsavizruta hai. prAcIna jaina-saMskRti kI dRSTi se sUcita bhUkhaNDa viziSTa mahattva rakhatA hai. praznavAhanakulIya AcAryoM kI paramparA harSapura se saMbaddha rahI hai jo bAda meM caMdragaccha yA rAjagaccha ke nAma se prasiddha huI. pradyumnasUri isa zAkhA ke aise AcArya hue jinane sapAdalakSa aura tribhuvanagiri ke narezoM ko apanI cAritrika aura aupadezika zakti se prabhAvita kara jaina dharmAnuyAyI banAyA. inakI paramparA ne bhAratIya tattvajJAna kI gutthiye sulajhAne vAle dArzanika sAhitya kI sRSTi kI jisake pratIkasama 'vAdamahArNava' ko upasthita kiyA jA sakatA hai. yaha harSapura ajamera maNDala meM hI avasthita hai. kahA jAtA hai ise rAjA allaTa kI rAnI ne basAyA thA. kahane kA tAtparya hai ki ajamera jaba nahIM basA thA isake pUrva se hI jaina saMskRti kA saMbaMdha isa bhUmi se rahatA AyA hai. Age calakara yaha saMbaMdha aura bhI ghaniSThatara hotA gayA aura madhyakAla ke bAda to ajamera jaina zraddhAluoM kA kendra hI bana gayA. yadyapi Aja isa nagara kI vizeSa khyAti jaina samAja meM AcArya zrIjinadatta sUrijI ke nirvANasthala ke kAraNa hI hai, para yadi isakA samucita vaijJAnika dRSTi se punarmUlyAMkana kiyA jAya to aneka sAMskRtika navya tathya upalabdha kiye jA sakate haiM. yadyapi ajamera para sva. haravilAsa zAradA ne AMgla bhASA meM eka kRti prastuta kI hai, para Aja navya zodha dvArA jo nUtana sUcanAeM prApta haiM, unake AdhAra para parimArjana apekSita hai. vyApaka dRSTikoNa se isa nagara aura tatsannikaTavartI bhUbhAgoM kA tathyapUrNa varNana adyatana zailI meM vAMchanIya hai. sImita anveSaNa ke AdhAra para kahA jA sakatA hai ki jJAta se bhI ajJAta mahAn hai. yaha to maiM kevala sAhityika apekSA se hI kaha rahA hUM, purAtAttvika dRSTi se to isa kA aura bhI mahattva ho sakatA hai. ajamera ke samIpa jayapura mArga para kizanagar3ha avasthita hai. vaha lagabhaga tIna zatAbdiyoM se bhAratIya saMskRti, sAhitya aura citrakalA kA anupama kendra rahA hai. AgAmI paMktiyoM se spaSTa hogA ki vahAM ke narezoM ne inake vikAsa ke liye AMR RAHAON-TEARLALAN Jain Educator BATO AAAAAAADHU authorChavatsPersonalise on LUTIVATIL witteejattrelibrary.org
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________________ iiiiiiiiiiiiivinin 826 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha zradhyAya kitanA zrama kiyA thA. Azrita kavi aura citrakAroM ko protsAhita kara jo mUlyavAn sAMskRtika jyoti prajvalita kI usake prakAza se Aja bhI hama prakAzita ho rahe haiM. isa nagara kI khyAti hindI sAhitya meM kevala saMtapravara nAgarIdAsajI-sAMvatasiMha ke kAraNa hI rahI hai, para anveSaNa se siddha ho gayA hai ki vahAM kI sAhityika paramparA isase bhI prAcIna aura adhika preraka rahI hai. nAgarIdAsajI ke pUrvajoM ne jo sAhityika sAdhanA kI karavAI usakA samucita mUlyAMkana Ajataka hindI bhASA aura sAhitya ke itihAsakAroM ne nahIM kiyA hai, vaha sarvathA nirdoSa nahIM hai jaisA ki 'madhyakAlIna hindI kavayitriyAM" ke chatrakuMbaravAle prasaMga se pramANita hai. nAgarIdAsa kA sAhitya 'nAgara samuccaya' meM prakAzita hai, para zodha karane para inakI sphuTa racanA anya bhI upalabdha hai. kizanagar3ha ke hI eka muslima vidvAn zrI faiyAz2a alI sA0 ne nAgarIdAsa para vizada anusaMdhAna kara zodha-prabaMdha prastuta kiyA hai (yadyapi yaha racanA ina paMktiyoM ke lekhaka kI dRSTi meM nahIM AI.) jaina itihAsa ke sAdhanoM se patA calatA hai ki kizanagar3ha kA jaina dRSTi se bhI kama mahattva nahIM hai. jaba se vaha nagara basA tabhI se jainoM kA isase nikaTa kA saMbaMdha rahA hai. rAjakIya uccapadoM para jaina ArUr3ha rahe haiM. isase bhI mahattva kI bAta yaha hai ki kizanagar3ha kA rAjakIya sarasvatI bhaNDAra jaina sAhitya kI dRSTi se bahuta hI samRddha hai. upAdhyAya meghavijayajI, AcArya zrI jinaraMgasUrijI Adi udbhaTa munipuMgavoM ne vahAM nivAsa kara na kevala sAhitya sAdhanA hI kI, apitu apane ucca vicAroM se sthAnIya jana-mAnasa ko bhI anuprANita kiyA, rAjakIya parivAra ko bhI upakRta kiyA, yadyapi vahAM kA rAjaparivAra parama vaiSNava rahA hai tathApi vaha para matasahiSNu thA. jaba AcAryoM ko vijJaptipatra preSita kiye jAte the unameM rAja-parivAra ke mukhya sadasya ke bhI hastAkSara anivArya the. lokAgacchIya pravRtiyoM kA bhI kizanagar3ha kendra rahA hai. kaI jAcAyoM ke svargavAsa AcArya pada aura cAturmAsa hue haiM jinakA ullekha lekhaka ke 'lokAzAha paramparA aura usakA ajJAta sAhitya' nAmaka nibaMdha meM anyatra kiyA jA cukA hai. Aja bhI loMkAgaccha ke upAzraya sthAnaka meM avaziSTa jJAna bhaMDAra hai. kisI yuga meM yahAM unake tIna jJAnabhaMDAra the, para asAvadhAnI se unakA abhidhAnAtmaka astittva hI zeSa raha gayA. jise jo kRti prati pasanda AI, vahI uThAkara calatA banA, tijoriyoM kI cAbhI saMbhAlanevAloM kI dRSTi meM jJAnamUlaka sAmagrI kA mahattva hI kyA ho sakatA hai ? 1 adyAvadhi hindI sAhitya ke jitane bhI itihAsa likhe gaye haiM ve taba taka pUrNa nahIM kahe jA sakate ho sakate jaba taka hindI kSetra se saMbaddha sabhI aMcaloM kA vaijJAnika dRSTi se sAhityika sarvekSaNa na kara liyA jAya. Aja hamAre sammukha hindI aura graMthakAroM ke viSaya meM jo bhrAntiyAM haiM isakA kAraNa bhI isI AMcalika sarvekSaNa kA abhAva hI hai. pariNAmasvarUpa kaI mahattvapUrNa racanAeM aura racanAkAra Ajataka hamAre hindI sAhitya ke itihAsa ke nirmAtAoM kI dRSTi meM nahIM A sake haiM. parama pUjya upAdhyAya zrI sukhasAgarajI mahArAja sA0 aura sAhityapremI munivara zrI maMgalasAgarajI mahArAja sAhaba kI chatrachAyA meM jayapura se ajamera Ate hue AMcalika sAhityika sarvekSaNa kA uthalA-sA prayAsa kiyA to mujhe katipaya aise viziSTa graMtha aura graMthakAra mila gaye jo hindI bhASA aura sAhitya kI dRSTi se bar3e mahattva ke pramANita hue. Aja taka kisI bhI hindI zodhArthI kI nigAha nahIM gaI. sUcita aMcala ke jo do-cAra graMthakAra -- jaise rAjasiMha, brajadAsI, nAgarIdAsa Adi sAmane Aye unakI racanAeM bhI upekSita raha gaIM aura isa prakAra ve sahI mUlyAMkana se vaMcita raha gaye. yahAM una jJAta racanAkAroM ke ajJAta graMthoM kA tathA sarvathA ajJAta racanAkAroM ke ajJAta graMthoM kA vivaraNa prastuta karane kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai. jJAta kRtikAroM meM AcArya zrI jinaraMgasUrijI mahArAjA rAjasiMha, brajadAsIbAMkAvatI, vijayakItti kA samAveza hotA hai aura ajJAta racanAkAra haiM mahArAjA rUpasiMha mahArAjA mAnasiMha, mahArAjA viDadasiMha, mahArAjA kalyANasiMha, mahArAjA pRthvIsiMha tatputra javAnasiMha, mahArAjA yajJanArAyaNasiMha, kavivara nAniMga, paMcAyaNa, jasarAja bhATa aura prema yA paramasukha. 1 jo vijJapti patra kizanagar3ha se preSita kiye jAte rahe haiM unakA samAveza svataMtra kRtikAroM meM nahIM kiyA hai, kevala ullekha mAtra kara diyA hai. yahAM prasaMgata: sUcita kara denA Avazyaka jAna par3atA hai ki ajamera samIpavartI rUpanagara, masaudA www.jary.org
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________________ muni kAntisAgara : ajamera - samIpavartI kSetra ke katipaya upekSita hindI sAhityakAra : 827 bhiNAya meM bhI kaI graMtha likhe gaye mile haiM jinakA ullekha nibaMdha - vistArabhaya se yahAM nahIM kara sakA hUM, viziSTa navopalabdha sAhitya aura sAhitkAroM kA saMkSepa meM paricaya isa prakAra hai : AcArya zrI jinaraMgasUrijI -- yaha kharataragaccha ke prabhAvazAlI AcArya the. inakA janma rAjaladesara meM huA, para sAhityika dRSTi se kizanagar3ha aura ajamera se ghaniSTha samparka rahA hai, balki kahanA cAhie kizanagar3ha to inakI dhArmika aura sAMskRtika sAdhanA kA kendra hI thaa| varSoM ve vahA~ rahe aura apanI cAritrika saurabha se jana-mAnasa ko prabhAvita karate rahe. Aja bhI kizanagar3ha meM inakA upAzraya vidyamAna hai jisameM hastalikhita pratiyoM kA acchA saMgraha hai, isakI tAlikA bAphaNA parivAra meM hai. varSoM se jJAna bhaMDAra na to khulA hai aura na kabhI kisI ne yahA~ taka ki saMrakSaka ne bhI- - dekhane kA kaSTa kiyA hai. nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai ki vaha Aja graMthoM kI dRSTi se samRddha bhI hai yA nahIM ? ina AcArya ke samaya meM kisI bAta ko lekara ApasI vaimanasya phaila gayA thA jisakA saMtoSakAraka samAdhAna ajamera meM huA aura vahIM para inako bhaTTAraka pada se abhihita kiyA gayA. isameM kharataragacchIya muni ratnasoma kA pramukha hAtha rahA. yadyapi samajhautA adhika samaya taka sthAyI nahIM raha sakA. kahA jAtA hai ki ajamera ke tAtkAlika zAsana ne inheM eka AjJApatra pradAna kiyA thA ki inakI mAnyatA 7 prAntoM meM banI rahe. yaha acche kavi aura prabhAvasampanna vAgmI the. inakI 'raMga bahuttarI' prabodha bAvanI ( racanAkAla saM0 1731 mRgazIrSa zukla 2 guruvAra) navatatva bAlAvabodha evam stutiparaka racanAyeM upalabdha haiM. do racanAoM kA sambandha kizanagar3ha se rahA hai. saubhAgya paMcamI caupAI kA praNayana saM0 1738 meM kizanagar3ha meM kiyA gayA thA jisakA vivaraNa 'jainagurjara kavio' meM diyA gayA hai. yahAM para inakI eka ajJAta aura anyatra anullikhita kRti kA vivaraNa prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai jisakA parigumphana saM0 1737 mAha zuklA 5 guruvAra ko kizanagar3ha meM huA thA. isa kI mUlaprati mere nijI saMgraha meM surakSita hai dharmadatta cutaH padI AdibhAga anta bhAga Jain Exucation temation zrIjinAya namaH zrI AdIsara Adi jina Adi sakala avatAra | vighana haraNa vAMchita karaNa praNamuM prabhu pada sAra // 1 // zrIkharataragaccha zrIjinadattajI yugapradhAna pada dhAra paMcanadI sAdhI bAdhA ghaNI kIrati kari vistAra // zrI jinakulasUrIsara mana parata ghara neha aTavI pAMNI pAvai Avinai atizaya deSiu eha || paTTAnukrama tehanai dehanai zrIjinacaMdrasUriMda | pAtizAha akabara pratibodhIyo mahimAvaMta muNiMda // tasu pATai vATai surataru samau zrIjinasiMhasUrIsa / manavaMchita phaladAyaka vAyake sevIjai nisadIsa // pATa prabhAkara sAkara sArasI mIThI jehanI vANi / zrIjinarAjamUrIsara jAMNIya paMDita catura sujANa / tasu sIsaI jinaraMgai raMgasuM kIdhau carita mati sAra / suNatAM bhaNatAM pahuijyo sadA zrIsaMghanai jayakAra | Personal e Or wwwiiviimin
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________________ 828 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya kIrati tehanI vijaya huvai ghaNauM sahajai ha saubhAga / sAdhu taNAM guNa gAvai je sadAM manamaI ANI rAga / / saMvata sataraI saiMtIse samai mAha pAMcamI guruvAra / sukulapakSa zrIkIzanagar3ha racyau carita bhalau suSakAra / / iti zrI dAnAdhikAre zrIdharmadatta catuHpadI samAptA / / saMvata 1738 varSe zrAvaNamAse kRSNapakSe dazamyAM tithau upAdhyAya zrIprItivijaya gaNi tatziSya paMDitapravara prItisuMdaramuni sahitena prItilAbhenAle khi, zrIkRSNagar3ha madhye, lekhaka pAThakayoriti / / (anya hastAkSaroM se) zrIbRhatkharataragacchAdhipati bhaTTAraka zrIjina rAjasUrirAjapaTTodayAcala sahasrakiraNAvatAra bhaTTAraka jinaraMgasUri viracitA zrI dhavalacandra bhUpAla zreSThi dharmadattacutaHpadI saMpUrNA jAtA sA vAcyamAnA jJAnaphaladA bhavatu / zreyaH sadA bhUyAt // -patra saM0 46. kizanagar3ha-rAja-parivAra ko hindI sAhitya sevA mahArAjA kizanasiMhajI ne saM0 1666 meM kizanagar3ha basAyA thA. prArambha se hI rAja-parivAra kA saMbaMdha vallabhakula se rahA hai. kahA jAtA hai ki vallabhAcArya kA mUla citra Aja bhI kizanagar3ha ke durgasthita maMdira meM zraddhA-kendra banA huA hai. saMgIta, sAhitya aura kalA ke unnayana meM rAja-parivAra kA ullekhanIya sahayoga rahA hai. kRSNabhakti kA prAbalya hone se yahAM eka samaya uccakoTi ke kaviyoM aura vidvAnoM kA khAsA jamaghaTa thA. nareza svayaM kevala sAhitya aura kalA ke pArakhI hI nahIM, apitu kavi, vidvAn aura citrakAra bhI the. hindI bhASA ke mAdhyama se yahA~ ke rAja-parivAra ne kRSNabhaktiparaka sAhitya pracura parimANa meM racA-racavAyA, jisakA samucita mUlyAMkana Ajataka nahIM ho pAyA hai. saca kahA jAya to jisa nareza yA mahArAnI kA sAhitya bAhara gayA usase to tAtkAlika vidvanamaMDalI prabhAvita huI, para jinakI kRtiyAM rAja-parivAra taka hI sImita rahIM unakA ullekha anyatra nahIM milatA. adyatana prakAzita hindI rAjasthAnI bhASA aura sAhitya ke itihAsoM meM jahA~ prasaMgavaza kizanagar3ha rAja-parivAra kI sAMskRtika sevAoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai vahAM kevala rAjasiMha, brajadAsI, nAgarIdAsa-sAMvatasiMha, banIThanI, suMdarakavarI aura chatrakuvarI ko hI yAda kiyA gayA hai. anya kavi-narezoM kA nAma taka nahIM hai. mujhe apanI gaveSaNA ke AdhAra para kahanA cAhie ki jina narezoM kI racanAoM kA ullekha sUcita kRtiyoM meM kiyA gayA hai vaha bhI truTipUrNa hai. kAraNa ki inakI anya racanAyeM upalabdha haiM jinakA sAhityika dRSTi se viziSTa mahattva hai. ajJAta racanAkAroM ke saMbaMdha meM kicit bhI na likhe jAne kA kAraNa yahI jAna par3atA hai ki ye andhakAra meM rahIM. nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki jJAta se bhI abhI aura kitanI ajJAta sAmagrI dabI par3I hogI ! yahA~ para kizanagar3hIya rAja-parivAra ke una vyaktiyoM kI racanAoM kA vivaraNa prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai jo jJAta sAhityika hote hue bhI jinakI kRtiyAM ajJAta haiM. ajJAta kavi-narezoM kI racanAoM para vicAra apekSita hai. jJAta racanAkAroM meM mahArAjA rAjasiMha, brajadAsI Adi haiM aura ajJAta kaviyoM meM rUpasihajI, mAnasiMhajI, bir3a dasiMhajI, kalyANasiMhajI, pRthvIsiMhajI, javAnasiMhajI, madanasiMhajI aura yajJanArAyaNasiMhajI pramukha haiM. kizanagar3ha ke Azrita kaviyoM meM abhI taka hama kevala bada se hI paricita rahe haiM, para anveSaNa karane para vidita huA ki vahA~ aura bhI kavi rahA karate the. jisameM nAniMga bhI eka the. yadi tatrasthita rAjyAzrita kaviyoM para vizada anuzIlana kiyA jAya to saralatAse eka svataMtra graMtha hI bana sakatA hai. mahArAjA rUpasiMhajI-(rAjyakAla saM0 1700-15) ina paMktiyoM ke lekhaka ke saMgraha meM 'kizanagar3ha rAjya ke mahArAjAoM ke banAye hue pada saMgraha' kI eka pANDulipi 1. bahuta kama vikSa jAnate haiM ki nAgarodAsajI-savitasiMha jI bhakta hone ke sAtha kuzala citrakAra bhI the. - HTAX ININNAININNINITENINNINNI ammemorary.org
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________________ muni kAntisAgara : ajamera-samIpavartI-kSetra ke katipaya upekSita hindI sAhityakAra : 826 surakSita hai. isameM kRSNasiMhajI se lagAkara yajJanArAyaNasiMhajI taka ke mahArAjAoM ke padoM kA suMdara saMkalana hai. mahArAjA rUpasiMhajI ke pUrvavartIya narezoM ke nAma ke Age sthAna rikta hai. isase jJAta hotA hai ki inakI racanAeM saMgrahIta nahIM ho sakI haiM, para ve kavi avazya rahe hoMge. kama se kama apane iSTadeva kI stuti to racI hI hogI ! isa saMkalana meM mahArAjA rUpasiMhajI ke kRSNabhaktiparaka 5 pada surakSita haiM. Age chUTe hue sthAna se kalpanA karanI par3atI hai ki aura bhI pada rahe hoMge jinheM saMgrahakAra na likha sakA thA. sUcita nareza ke pada bhale hI sAhityika dRSTi se vizeSa mahattva na rakhate hoM, para racanA kI zRMkhalA kI eka kaDI to haiM hI. eka pada uddhata kiyA jA rahA hai maiM kaise AUM dAmini mohi DarAvata jaba-jaba gavana karoM dizi prItama camakata cakra calAvata be cAtura Atura ati sajanI rajanI yoM biramAvata gAvata gavana pavana cali caMcala aMcala rahata na pAvata suni piya bacana catura cala Aye bhAmini soM mana bhAvata rUpasiMha prabhu nagadhara nAgara mili malAra sura gAvata mahArAjA mAnasiMha jI [rAjya kAla-1715-1763] --ye svAbhimAnI bIrapuMgava aura pUrvajoM ke prati pUrNa AsthAvAn the. bhagavadbhakti ke sAtha parama vyavahArakuzala aura vidvajjanoM ke prati pUrNa zraddhA rakhate the. inhIM kI preraNA se kavivara vRMda ne saM0 1762 meM "va ca ni kA" kI racanA kI thI. inako svatantra racanA upalabdha nahIM hai, para 100 se adhika sphuTa pada aura khyAla ina paMktiyoM ke lekhaka ke saMgraha meM surakSita haiM. kRSNabhaktimUlaka geya pada-sAhitya se patA calatA hai, inheM sAhitya se gambhIra anurAga thA, kAvyagata sauMdarya isa bAta kA paricAyaka hai. lAkSaNika graMthoM ke atirikta apane sampradAya ke sUkSma siddhAMtoM se bhI abhijJa the. kahIM-kahIM padoM meM siddhAMtoM kI carcA hai. yaha kahanA vyartha hai ki ye parama saMgItajJa bhI the. rAjasthAnI aura vraja bhASAoM para inakA samAna adhikAra thA. rAjasthAna meM pracalita lokagItoM kI deziyoM kA padoM meM Akasmika rUpa se acchA sA saMgraha ho gayA hai. jaisA ki Upara kahA gayA hai ki inheM pUrvagaurava kA bar3A khyAla rahatA thA. padasaMgraha meM bhaktimUlaka padoM kA dhArmika aura AdhyAtmika mUlya to hai hI, para sabase bar3A Avazyaka aMza hai.-vallabhAcArya aura unake paravartI AcAryoM kI aitihAsika stutiyAM. inakA kisa gharAne se sambandha thA, vallabhAcArya kI bhArata meM kahAM-kahAM kauna-sI zAkhAeM haiM aura unakI paTTaparamparA kyA rahI hai Adi bAtoM kA vistAra itihAsa ke sAdhana kI ora saMketa karatA hai. yahA~ prasaMgavaza sUcita kara denA Avazyaka jAna par3atA hai ki mahArAjA mAnasiMha ke samaya meM kizanagaDha kI sAMskRtika cetanA prabuddha vyaktiyoM ko AkRSTa kiye hue thI, bar3e-bar3e jaina vidvAn una dinoM yahA~ para sAhityika racanAeM kiyA karate the. upadhyAya meghavijaya jI kA to yaha sArasvata sAdhanA-sthAna hI thA. rAjasiMha jI taka baha rahe. mAnasiMhajI se inakA vaiyaktika sambandha thA jaisA ki tatrastha rAjakIya citra se vidita hotA hai. mahArAjA rAjasiMha- [rAjya kAla 1763-1805] ye mahArAjA mAnasiMha ke putra aura suprasiddha rAjarSi sAvaMtasiMhajInAgarIdAsa jI ke pitA the. abhI taka inakI tIna-bAhuvilAsa, rAjaprakAza aura rasapAyanAyaka racanAoM kA patA lagA hai, sAhityaka itihAsoM meM inhIM kA ullekha milatA hai. khoja karane para inakI aura bhI kRtiyAM upalabdha huI haiM. rAjasiMha kA janma saM0-1730 pauSa sudi 12 ko huA thA. inake samaya meM kisanagaDha sabhI dRSTiyoM se unnata aura AkarSaNa kA kendra thA. dUra-dUra taka khyAti thI. inake kavitAkAla para prakAza nahIM par3a sakA hai. jina itihAsalekhakoM ne inakI kRtiyoM kA saMketa diyA hai ve bhI ina para mauna hI haiM. para yaha saca hai ki inheM kavitA se gaharI abhiruci thI. inakI kRtiyoM kA racanA kAla bhI jJAta nahIM hai, eka kRti meM, jisakA ullekha Age kI paMktiyoM meM kiyA gayA hai, racanAkAla saM0 1788 hai, para vaha to inakI prauDhAvasthA kA paricAyaka hai. mujhe saM0 1760 kA eka hastalikhita guTakA MOROTO.de GDIA HAKIRATNA SHOENENANENESENOSYRPRENASENASISENENOSEN
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________________ 830 . muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya milA hai jisake lekhaka haiM kavivara vRda ke suputra kavIzvara vallabha. DhAkA meM isakI pratilipi kI gaI thI. sUcita guTake meM mahArAjA rAjasiMha kI kumArAvasthA meM praNIta dohe likhe haiM jisake upari bhAga meM ina zabdoM kA ullekha hai "atha dUhA mahArAji kaMvara zrI rAjasiMha jI rA kahIyA cha." pratilipikAla se itanA to spaSTa hI hai ki saM0 1760 se pUrva hI inane kavitA likhanA prArambha kara diyA thA. inakI racanAoM ke eka bar3e copar3e meM kucha kavitta 'mAji sAhibAM rA kahIyA chai" mA~jI sA0 se tAtparya inakI mAtA se hI honA cAhie. inakI racanAoM kA vivaraNa isa prakAra hai. zrIgaNezAya namaH atha duhA mahArAjIkavAra zrIrAjasiMghajI rA kahIyA chai---- kAma subhaTa bAdara kahai virahani ke ura dAha / saMnAha bAri laiM siMdhu ta bhae seta te syAha / / 1 / / bUMda bAMda ghanayaMda ko capalA kara taravAra / gAja arAvA sAthi laiM virahanikU saji mAra / / 2 / / jaganU camakata jAmagI dhUvAMdhAra sau rAta / gAja arAvA chuTi sadhana, mAra-mAra ke jAta / / 3 / / rati manauMja tuma maiM kahUM paryo na aMtara oTa / duHkhadAI jAne kahA mere jiyakI coTa // 4 / / x 2 baja vilAsa yA rasapAyanAyaka-rasapAyanAyaka inakI anyatra ullikhita kRti hai, mere saMgraha meM isakI jo prati hai usameM prArambha meM to rasapAyanAyaka nAma AtA hai para anta bhAga meM aura madhyavartI bhAga meM kaI sthAnoM para isakA nAma 'brajavilAsa' AyA hai. ataH jaba taka rasapAyanAyaka kI anya prati sammukha na ho taba taka nizcita nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai ki donoM kRti eka hI hai yA bhinna ? Alocita kRti tIna bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai, prathama bhAga meM Avazyaka maMgalAcaraNa, kavivacana aura viveka-aviveka ke bAda kavi ne rukmiNIharaNa kathA kA vistAra kiyA hai. ise itihAsa kI saMjJA se abhihita kiyA gayA hai. dUsare bhAga meM nAyaka aura nAikA kA varNana prastuta hai. tIsare bhAga meM anya prAsaMgika viSayoM kA sphuTa varNana hai. graMtha meM kavi ne apanI bAta ke samarthana ke lie baMda ke putra vallabha racita "vallabha vilAsa" ke padya uddhRta kiye haiM. vallabha rAjasiMha ke samaya meM apanI javAnI para the. una dinoM vaha DhAkA se lauTa Aye the. kavi ne isa racanA meM itihAsa zabda ko itanA rUr3ha banA diyA hai ki sAmAnya varNana ko bhI itihAsa kI saMjJA dI gaI hai. isa kRti kA racanAkAla ina zabdoM meM likhakara bAda meM kATa diyA hai. satarAsai aru ThayAsiyai sudI dasamI sasivAra / caitamAsa purahutapura graMtha layau avatAra / / isa kRti kA Adi aura anta bhAga isa prakAra hai. zrIgaNezAya namaH dohA zrIgopAla sahAya haiM mahA chailapati rAja / gura ganapati sarasvati sunauM, dehu vidyA vara Aja // 1 // jAtauM hauM cAhata kahyau nAyaka bheda anUpa / graMtha rIti baranI kabina yaha nAyaka rasa bhUpa / / 2 / / REACHISARGANJ RRA A JainEdbcamera ForeDelibrary.org
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________________ muni kAntisAgara : ajamera-samIpavartI kSetra ke katipaya upekSita hindI sAhityakAra : 31 wwwwwwwwwwww zrotA sunahu sujAMna tuma, nAyaka kahata jatAya / vIra dhIra bina chaila tA nAyakatA nahIM pAya / / 3 / / anta bhAga carana kamala nagadharana ke raho sadA mo sIsa / rAjasiMgha kari bInatI mAgata hai braja Isa / / brajavilAsa rana raMga ko dIjai dRga hiya dhyAMna / jugala sarUpa anUpa chavi sundara parama sujAMna / / sarasa rIti girivara puhamI, taravara saghana tamAla / Saritu chAkai prema rasa rasamaya jugala rasAla / / guna baranana gopAla kai rasamaya bIra siMgAra / cita caMcala nihacala karahu samubhI yaha suSakAra / / sphuTa bhaktibhUlaka pada-rAjasiMha kavitva-pratibhA se maNDita rAjavI the, eka ora inakI jahA~ svatantra kRtiyAM milatI haiM, to dUsarI ora kRSNabhaktimUlaka sphuTa pada bhI pAye jAte haiM. 31 pada to eka hI guTake meM pratilipita haiM. janmASTamI vijayAdazamI, phUlaDola, holI, nRsiMha caturdazI, dIpAvalI, rAdhASTamI, rAma navamI aura govarddhana Adi prasaMgoM ko lakSita kara ina padoM kI racanA kI gaI hai. inakI pratibhA ko dekhate hue patA calatA hai ki aura pada hone cAhieM. upalabdha padasaMgraha se eka pada uddhRta kiyA jA rahA hai. canda te ita gokula candahi pragaTata hor3a parI utahi cakorI itakoM gaurI tana mana lakhi bisarI utakoM bhogI ita RSi yogI mahA moda mana mAne uta dai amRta ita paMcAmRta lakho pragaTa nahi chAna uta dujarAja itai brajarAjA doU sura rAja suhAI pApa karma ve dharma karma ye nigama purAnana gAI gopI bAla tahA~ saba bAlaka dUdha dahI vistAre rAjasiMha prabhu bajakI jIvana bhakti jagata nistAre jisa guTake meM mahArAjA rAjasiMha kI kRtiyAM pratilipita haiM usameM saM0 1787 kI likhI "rAjA paMcaka kathA' bhI Alekhita hai. para usameM kartA kA nAma nahIM hai. kevala hAziye para "mahArAji rAjasiMha krata kathA" ullekha hai. jabataka inakI dUsarI nAmavAlI prati nahIM mila jAtI tabataka ise rAjasiMha kRta mAnanA yukti saMgata nahIM. isa kRti meM pAMca prakAra ke---dharmapAla, siddha subhaTa, dhanasaMcaya, nArI kavaca aura adhama rAjAoM kI prakRti kA varNana hai, kathAoM kA vistAra aupadezika zailI kA paricAyaka hai. rAjAoM ko prajA kA pAlana kisa prakAra karanA cAhie aura kina-kina paristhitiyoM meM rAjA ko kyA-kyA kadama uThAne cAhiye Adi bAtoM kA vistAra hai. bhakti kA puTa itanA lagA hai jaise koI bhaktimUlaka racanA hI ho. vidvAnoM se anurodha hai ki isakI aura prati kahIM upalabdha ho to prakAza DAleM 1. isakA vivaraNa isa prakAra haiAdi bhAga dohA zrIguru ganapati sAradA sadA sahAya gupAla / dAsa bhAvasauM hari bhaje tinake prabhu pratipAla / / 1 / / WITH Jain Edu Non int forary.org
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________________ 832 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya sphuTa kavitta- isameM saMdeha nahIM ki mahArAjA rAjasiMha naisargika kavi the. bAlyakAla se hI kavitA meM pravRtti rahI hai. ataH anumAna thA ki eka ora jahAM inakI svatantra racanAe~ milatI hai vahAM dUsarI ora inakA sphuTa kavitAdi kA sAhitya bhI milanA cAhie, kyoMki kavi hRdaya aura urvara mastiSka sAmAnya nimitta pAkara bhI phUTa par3atA hai. vRda ke vaMzaja aura apane yuga ke kizanagaDha ke pratibhAsampanna kavi khuzarAma yA maganIrAma dvArA saM0 1878 meM pratilipita unhIM ke pUrvaja evam rAjasiMha ke samakAlIna kavi vallabha racita 'vallabhavilAsa" kI prati surakSita hai. isake aMtima bhAga meM 30 kavitta Alekhita haiM jinake zIrSa sthAna para "zrI mahArAjAdhirAja zrI rAjasiMgha jI rA kahyA kavitta" yaha paMkti likhI hai. para kavitta meM kahIM bhI na to inakA nAma hai aura na hI inakI chApa hai. udAharaNa svarUpa eka kavitta uddhRta karane kA lobha saMvaraNa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai karo jina sora vaha ThADho cita cora erI pema phema jora jora Daro dina cora maiM / phira cahu~ ora yahahI Sora gaho karA jora pAyo Aja bhora paryo saSIna kI jora maiM // mAna kahyo mora yaha nanda ko kizora jaba bhujana sauM jora rASo ghara mAra maiM / dehUM phora ko tumheM kahata nihora saSI koraka marora yAkI deSo naina korameM // 1 // isI guTake meM Age 21 kavitta aura haiM jinake Age TippaNI hai "zrImAjI sAhibA rA kahyA dohA" saMbhavataH ye padya brajadAsI ke hoM? brajadAsI-bAMkAvato-mahArAjA rAjasiMha kI dharmapatnI aura kachavAhA saradAra bAMkAvata AnandasiMha kI putrI thIM. inakA janma lagabhaga saM0 1760 meM huA thA. bAMkAvata kI putrI hone ke kAraNa inheM bAMkAvatIjI bhI kahate haiM. yoM to inane apane Apako svaracanAoM meM brajadAsI ke nAma se abhihita kiyA hai, para katipaya padyoM meM 'bAMkI' chApa bhI pAI jAtI hai. jaisA ki AgAmI paMktiyoM se phalita hogA. inakA pANigrahaNa saMskAra vRndAvana meM mahArAjA rAjasiMha ke sAtha saM0 1778 meM huA thA jaisA ki vaha svayaM svakRti 'sAlava juddha' meM ina zabdoM meM svIkAra karatI hai : vRndAvana ke mAMhi jahAM cainaghATa kI Thaura / pAMnigrahana tihiM ThAM bhayau bAMdhi rIti sauM mora / / 162 / / muSya kRpA guru jAniye bahuracauM purI prabhAva / pAMnigrahana subha Thaura bhI su bhauM sabai subhAya / / 163 / / sAlava juddha, sva-saMgrahastha prati se uddhRta harijana harikauM bhajata hai rasanAM nAma mahesa / zravana kathA satasaMga maiM nija tana namra bisesa / / 2 / / anta bhAga kula mAraga jo veda gati caliye soI cAla / jhUThi-bhUThi taji jagata kI tabai kRpAla gupAla / / 117 / / paMca nRpanakI yaha kathA sUchima kahI banAya / zrInagadhara ura dhAriye so hai sIsa sahAya / / 11 / / / / iti zrI paMcama rAjA adhama saMpUrNa / saMvata 1887 mAgasara sudi 3 candrabAsare lipikRtaM svetAmbara nAniMga / / zubhaM bhavatu / / zrI / / pratilipikAra nAniMga svayaM kavi aura sulekhaka the. inake dvArA pratilipita sAhitya kizanagaDha ke rAjakIya sarasvatI bhaNDAra meM vidyamAna hai. Jain Edu wwwARKarary.org
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________________ muni kAntisAgara : ajamera-samIpavartI kSetra ke katipaya upekSita hindI sAhityakAra: 833 . brajadAsI kizanagar3ha kI pAramparika sAMskRtika jyoti kI eka kiraNa thIM. unheM sAhityika adhyayana meM ullekhanIya abhiruci thI. kizanagar3ha ke rAjakIya sarasvatI bhaMDAra meM zatAdhika hastalikhita pratiyAM haiM jinakI puSpikAoM meM sUcita kiyA gayA hai ki ye saba inhIM ke liye likhI gaI haiM. yadyapi aisI kRtiyoM meM adhikAMzataH dhArmika haiM, para nAikA bheda, cikitsA, lakSaNa graMtha, piMgala Adi viSayoM kA bhI inameM antarbhAva ho jAtA hai. bhAgavata aura ujvalanIlamaNi, rAmAyaNa aura bhaktamAlA jaisI kRtiyoM ko sundara citroM se susajjita karavAyA gayA hai jo unakI kalAtmaka abhiruci kA pramANa hai. kizanagar3hI zailI ke citroM kA, rAjasthAnI citroM meM apanA svatantra sthAna hai, balki spaSTa kahA jAya to sarvAdhika AkarSaNazakti isI zailI ke citroM meM haiM. vallabhAcArya aura unakI paramparA ke lagabhaga sabhI AcAryoM, bhaktoM aura tadanuyAyI saMtoM ke prAmANika aura nayanAbhirAma citroM kA jaisA saMgraha kizanagar3ha meM hai vaisA anyatra durlabha hI hai. jo citra brajadAsI ke lie vizeSa rUpa se kalAkAroM ne taiyAra kiye the una para citra-kAla aura bhAvasUcaka TippaNI vidyamAna hai. brajadAsI kI sAhityika sAdhanA ke pariNAma svarUpa abhI taka kevala bhAgavatAnuvAda kI hI carcA rahI hai. mizrabaMdhu vinoda, madhyakAlIna hindI kavayitriyA~ (le0 DA0 sAvitrI sinhA) aura anya tathAkathita itihAsoM meM inakI yahI racanA sthAna pAtI rahI hai. hindI kaviyitriyoM meM yahI prathama anuvAdikA hai jisane bhAgavata kA anuvAda geya paramparAnusAra na kara prabandhAtmaka zailI ko apanAyA hai. DA0 sAvitrI sinhA ne apane zodha graMtha meM brajadAsI aura bhAgavatAnuvAda para saMkSepa meM, para sAra gabhita prakAza DAlA hai. mathurAvAsI paM. javAharalAlajI caturvedI ne bhI 'sammelana patrikA" ke varSa 46, saM0 1, pRSTha 75-81 meM brajadAsI bhAgavata para vicAra vyakta kiye haiM. para caturvedIjI ne isa lahaje meM bhAgavatAnuvAda kA ullekha kiyA hai jaise sarvaprathama hI yaha kRti prakAza meM A rahI hai, para bAta aisI nahIM hai. itaH pUrva kaI sthAnoM meM ullikhita ho cukI hai. sammelanapatrikA meM bhAgavata ke anuvAdakoM kI jo sUcI dI hai usameM nAgarIdAsa kA nAma nahIM hai, jaba ki honA cAhie thA. astu. navya kRtiyA~-yahAM brajadAsI kI ajJAta kRtiyoM kA vivaraNa prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai. ina paMktiyoM ke lekhaka ko apanI sAhityika-zodhayAtrA meM sAlava juddha, AzISa saMgraha evam sphuTa kavitta upalabdha hue haiM. sAlava juddha meM paurANika prasaMga ko lekara inane apanI kAvyapratibhA kA pradarzana kiyA hai. racanA bhaktirasa se otaprota hai. isase patA calatA hai ki vaha na kevala saphala anuvAdikA hI thIM apitu svatantra graMthakartI bhI thIM. sUcita kRti kA vivaraNa isa prakAra hai zrIgaNezAyanamaH, zrIrAdhekapNa jayati, zrIgurubhyo namaH __ atha sAlavajuddha liSyate guru dayAla kIjai kRpA nija Azrama mo jAMni / bhaI icchA jasa kahana kI jo hari jasakI SAMni / / 1 / / hari guna ko kahikai sakai kauMna kahana sAmartha / saisa mahesa suresa hU ajahaM lahata na artha / / 2 / / paMga cahata parabata caDhyau sUra divya draga pAya / cuhA siMdhu cAhata tiryo hUM ju cahata guna gAya // 3 // jihako jasa cAhata kiyau sau aba hohU sahAya / guru muSa tai AjJA lahaiM taba hauM karauM upAya / / 4 / / gavarI naMda Ananda juta siva suta siddhi ganesa / jaya jaya suragana namata hUM jaya jaya sabeM riSesa / / 5 / / zrIvraSabhAnakumArI tuma naMdalAla tuma prAMna / yaha icchA pUrana karau mo mati maMda hi jAMna / / 6 / /
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________________ 834 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya guna ananta gopAla ke koU na pAvata pAra / maiM mati apanI samajha kachu kahUM saMbhAri bicAra / / 7 / / chappaya bhae sirI harivyAsa avatAra pragaTa jaga / lAla lADilI prema raMga rasa hiya maiM jagamaga / / sevata kuvara gupAla lAla mahA rUpa rasAlA / nisa dina kAnha sujAMna hiye vAsyau pratipAlA / / dura gAhi tAhi dicchA daI kite pAra kari kari daye / brajadAsa dAsI tuma sarana hai zrIharivyAsa jaya jaya jae // 8 // parasarAma guru mahAsakala gopAla laDAyau / zrIsarcesura nAma rahai hiya nita prati chAyo / rAMma-rauMma kI jAta bhUli sudhi prema raMga maiM / jhalakata jugalakizora mAdhurI aMga aMga maiM / / nihaca pratIti rasa rIti soM laSi sarabesura rasa rasameM / vraSabhAna lalI braja lADalI aru gupAla hiya meM vasa / / 6 / / dohA tinakai pATa prasiddha mahiM joti jagata harivaMsa / raMga raMge gopAla ke suragana karata prasaMsa / / 10 / / zrInArAyanadeva jaga pragaTa rasika sira maura / lAla lADilI raMga bina hiya maiM dhyAna na aura / / 11 / / mahA madaMdha jaga ke nRpati tinake aMkusa riSirAja / kare sAdha parabodha kari yaha jaga jagI avAja / / 12 / / kAma krodha ko daMDa hai tajI lobha kI ttev| jaya jaya jaga meM saba bhaI jayata narAMinadeva // 13 // chappai tinake riSa riSarAja sirI bRdAvana pragaTe / jyauM tinukA dhanasAra tuhI kari manasulapaTa / / tana mana prANa gupAla naina dhana rUpa rasAlaM / baMdhyau rahata nita nita carana hari prIta hi jAlaM / / subha jJAna dhyAna pUjana jugati bhagati bhAva mana vaca kiyo / tina baira tIna kalijuga mAMhi sarabesura paracA diyau / / 14 / / beda smRti je aMga bahuri sAsatra saba ganiya / ganIya sabai purAna sabai krama juta nita bhaniya / / saMdhyA sumarana maMtra taMtra jo kachu cali Avai / lAla laDatI ruMga sujasa hita sauM hiya chAvai // jaga jIva jite uddhAra ko zrIvRdAvana avatare / bAMke kRpAla gopAla hari pragaTa jagata apane kare / / 15 / / * * * * * * * * * * 0000 H !!!! !! !! !! For Private !!!!!!! Personal use only ! !!!!!! !!!! ! ! !!!
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________________ zrantaH- muni kAntisAgara ajamera-samIpavartI kSetra ke kavi upekSita hindI sAhityakAra 832 dohA yaha prasaMga aiso kahyo meM mo mati upamAMna / kRSNa sujasa kauM kahi sake aisI kauMna sujAna // 166 / / tAmaiM mo matimaMda hai aru ati citta ajAMna // 170 / / yaha vicAra kInoM su maiM guru kRpA ura oNna // kRpAsiMdhu tuma jugala ho kI mohiya vAsa / brajadAsI binatI karata yaha dhari hiya meM Asa / / 171 / / nigamaboda yamunA taTe uttara disi ke ThAMhi / yaha pothI kInI likhI indraprastha ke mAMhi // 172 // saMvata satarA se samaiM barasa tiyAsyau mAna / maMgasara vadi ekAdazI mAsa caita subha jAMna // / 173 / / / / iti zrI sAlavajuddha sampUrNa // isakI racanA saM0 1783 meM dillI meM nigamabodha ghATa para huI. isa pratilipi kA kAla saM0 1787 hai. : AzISa saMgraha: yaha nAma maiMne diyA hai. vastutaH isakA nAma kyA rahA hogA ? nahIM kahA jA sakatA, kAraNa ki kRti apUrNa hI upalabdha huI hai. isameM vivAha ke prasaMga para bhinna-bhinna jAtiyoM dvArA dI jAnevAlI AzIrvAdamUlaka vacanAvaliyoM kA saMgraha hai, isIlie yaha nAma rakha liyA gayA hai. khaNDita prati meM mAlanI, citrakAra, citerI, gaMdhI, gaMdhinI, nAyaNa, darajaNa, taMbobADhI, gvAlana, bhAMDaNa, raMgarejana, kuMbhArI, manihArana aura mehatarAnI kI AzIyoM kA saMkalana hai katipaya padyoM meM brajadAsI kA nAma bhI AyA hai Jain Educzucin inten brajadAsi prAMta kiya vAranaiM, X X X kaha ju brajadAsiyaM vaso juvyAMna vAsiyaM, - mAlaNa kI AzIsa, X X X bhaI vArane kuvari pada bAra-bAra brajadAsI, caterA kI devA kI AzISa, X dAsI nija sundara mana, brajadAsI pArva yahai jugala pAThakoM kI jAnakArI ke lie eka AzISa uddhata karanA samucita hogA X DhAMDhaNa ke devA kI AzISa, bhagati kI cAhI - DhADhI ke paDhavA kI vaMzAvalI, *** atha catere kI devAkI AzISa chaMda bhujaMgI nRpaM bhAna Aja uchava apAraM bhaI haiM kuvAraM lar3aitI udAraM / lajaiM megha aise jabe haiM jisAnaM tihu lauka Ananda chAyo amAnaM // badhAI badhAI barasAMna chAI lalI hota sobhA ravi vaMsa pAI / dae dAMna aise mahArAja bhAnaM bhae haiM kaMgAlaM nRpAlaM samAnaM // *** *** wwwwwwwvi *** www.anelibrary.org
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________________ Jain Educ wwwwwwwwww 36 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya paDhe cAraNa bhATa bAhaM ubhAraM lahai nega negI vinA vAra pAraM / sunI bAta jaba naMdarAya sabai gokalaM harSa bAyo athAhaM // raNabAsa juktaM barasAMna Ae bhayo citta cAhyau baje hai badhAe / juthaM- juttha gopI nRpaM dvAra A kara bheTa lIne mahA sobha pAvai // caleM dhAya dhAyaM suraMjI lagAveM citaM moda chAI hameM au hasAveM / mile naMda bhAnaM bhae haiM basAla milyo mela cAhyau raMgIna rasAlaM // barasAna mAnau dudhaM meha varSe dhanyaM kIrtiku betihu loka harSe / dadhi dUdha ko doMma cyoM bhAMna ThAmaM, ramaiMke jamarka kareM bela SAmaM // bar3e bhAga negI yaha dyausa pAyo lalI dvai kulaMko kalasaM caDhAyau / bhaI svAma se hai lAlI kI sagAI suna sAsare pIhara sobha pAI / / aba vivAhaM lalI lAla kero vRSabhAMni hoM sukRtaM janma kero / dodA kaba hoya jaba mahAraMga kI bhIra / daMpati seja paM deSi racauM tasabIra | aba vaha dina baiThe sphuTa kavitA-saM0 1787 ke guTake meM bAMkI" chApa ke katipaya kavitta pratilipita haiM. ye saba bAMkAMvatI ke hI jAna par3ate haiM. inakI saMkhyA 6 hai. Age sthAna chuTA huA hai. saMbhava hai pratilipi karate samaya chUTa gaye hoM, eka kavitta uddhRta kiyA jA rahA hai maiMna piyA ke lage tita hI utahI abalaM mana Apa DharauMgI / kAjara TIkI karauM tihaMkI saSi sautina sauM kachu lAji DarogI || 'bAMkI' rahau saba hI jagasauM laSi prItama kauM nita citta TharauMgI / vAhi racI surucI hama hUM hotI pyAre kI pyArI sauM pyAra kareMgI / sudarakuvarI bAI--ye uparyukta bAMkAvatI kI putrI thii| inakA janma saM 1761 kArtika zuklA hai ko huA thA. yaha bhI apane mAtA pitA ke samAna kavitva-pratibhA se maMDita thIM. tAtkAlika rAjakIya vaiSamya ke kAraNa 21 varSa taka avivAhita rahIM. saM0 1812 meM inakA vivAha rUpanagara ke khIcIvaMzIya rAjakumAra balavaMtasiMha ke sAtha sampanna huA. para durbhAgya inakA sAtha nahIM chor3A. pitRgRha to kleza kA sthAna thA hI para aba to svasura-gRha bhI azAnti kA kendra bana gayA, kAraNa ki inake (pati ? ) siMdhiyA saradAroM dvArA bandI banA lie the. bAda meM mukta karavA diye gaye the. inakI prApta samasta racanAoM kA vivaraNAtmaka paricaya DA0 sAvitrI sinhA ne apane 'madhyakAlIna hindI kavayitriyA~' nAmaka zodha prabaMdha meM diyA hai. vahA~ grantha racanA kAla viSayaka katipaya bhrAMtiyAM ho gaI haiM jinakA parimArjana prasaMgavaza kara denA Avazyaka jAna par3atA hai. isake pahile maiM sUcita kara dUM ki san 1954 meM jaba gvAliyara meM thA taba vahA~ ke sAhityAnurAgI zrI bhAlerAvajI ke saMgraha meM eka bar3A caupar3A dekhane meM AyA thA jisameM sundarakuMvari bAI ke samasta graMtha pratilipita the. maiMne unakA vivaraNa le liyA, usI ke AdhAra para yahA~ saMzodhana prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai. uparyukta zodha-prabandha meM bhAvanAprakAza kA racanAkAla saM0 1845 mAnA gayA hai jo ThIka nahIM jAna par3atA, gvAliyara vAlI prati meM praNayana samaya saM 1849 batAyA gayA hai saMvata yaha nava dasaiM guNaMcAsa uparaMta | sAkai sagrahase puni cauddalahI gamaMta // ForPrivate & Per
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________________ muni kAntisAgara : ajamera-samIpavartI kSetra ke katipaya upekSita hindI sAhityakAra : 37 mAgha mAsake sukala paSa titha paMcami budhavAra / saMpUrana yaha graMtha kiya sundarakuvari vicAra // 83 / / sAra saMgraha kA racanAkAla bhI sUcita zodha prabandha meM saM0 1845 batAyA gayA hai jaba ki sva0 bhAlerAvajI kI prati sa0 1847 sUcita kiyA hai saMvata subha SaTa traguna se saitAlIsa uparata / prema saMpuTa kA nirmANa-kAla bhI DA0 sAvitrI sinhA ne saM0 1848 mAnA hai jaba ki vastutaH isakA srajana samaya saM0 1845 hai. saMvata aThAraha sai ju hai paiMtAlIsA jAnU / sAkai satrahasai ru dasa siddhAratha supramAna // 54 / / mahA mAsa vaisASa suda pUrnavAsi titha jAsa / vAra maMgaliya bhauMmamo pUrana graMtha prakAsa / / 55 // chatraku vari bAI-ye suprasiddha saMtapravara zrI nAgarIdAsakI pautrI aura saradArasiMhajI kI putrI thIM. kizanagar3ha rAjaparivAra kI kRSNakItigAyikA kanyAoM meM inakA sthAna bhI pramukha hai. premavinoda inakI sundara kAvya-kRti hai. DA. sAvitrI sinhA ne ina para bhI AlocanAtmaka prakAza DAlA hai, parantu pramAdavaza saMvatoM meM aisI bhrAntiyA~ ghara kara gaI haiM jinakA saMzodhana Avazyaka hai, varnA bhrAmaka paramparA Age phaila sakatI hai. bAta yaha hai ki ukta zodha prabandha pR0 168 para inakA paricaya dete hue sUcita kiyA hai'chatrakuvari bAI nAgarodAsajI ke putra saradArasiMha kI putrI thIM. inakA vivAha saM0 1731 meM kAMThaDe ke gopAlasiMha jI khIcI se huA thA. vivAha meM inakI Ayu lagabhaga solaha varSa kI to avazya rahI hI hogI, ata: inakA janma saM0 1715 ke lagabhaga mAnA jA sakatA hai ..... -madhyakAlIna hindI kavayitriyA~ pR0 168 uparyukta paMktiyoM meM jo saMvat prayukta hue haiM, sarvathA asatya haiM. kAraNa inakA janma saM01715 meM kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai. una dinoM to mahArAjA rAjasiMha kA bhI janma nahIM huA thA jo nAgarIdAsajI ke pitA the. rAjasiMha ke saM0 1805 meM svargavAsI ho jAne para to rAjaparivAra meM sattA ke lie mahAn saMgharSa chir3a gayA thA, saradArasiMha kA rAjyatvakAla saM0 1812 se saM0 1823 taka kA rahA hai. 1725 aura 1731 meM rAjasiMha ke pUrvavartI mahArAjA mAnasiMha kA kA zAsana thA. saMvatoM kI yaha bhUla viduSI lekhikA se na jAne kaise ho gaI hai. saca bAta to yaha jAna par3atI hai ki 18 ke sthAna para sarvatra 17 aMka likha diyA hai. thor3I sI asAvadhAnI se kitanI bar3I bhrAnti phaila jAtI hai. isI bhUla ke pariNAma svarUpa hI zodha-prabandha meM chatrakuMvari racita 'prema vinoda' kA racanA samaya bhI 1745 de diyA hai jaba ki honA cAhie thA saM0 1845, jaisA ki kavayitrI svayaM svIkAra karatI hai saMvata hai nava dana sai paiMtAlIsa vaDhaMta / sAkai satraha sai ru dasa siddhAratha su kahaMta // mAsa asADha sukula paSa tIja bRhaspatavAra / saMpUrana yaha vAratA kInI mana anusAra / / ina paMvitayoM ke Upara kA bhAga zodhaprabandha meM uddhRta kiyA gayA hai, yadi lekhikA svalpa dhyAna detIM to yaha bhramapUrNa bAteM likhane kA avasara na AtA. yahA~ para eka bAta kA spaSTIkaraNa Avazyaka jAna par3atA hai ki yoM to kizanagar3ha kA rAja-parivAra vallabhakulIna rahA hai para mahArAniyoM dvArA racita kRtiyoM meM sarvatra maMgalAcaraNa meM nimbArka sampradAya ke AcAryoM ke nAma Ate rahe haiM. Palam AWARDOyA TOPINIATTAimum I ndianhitraTRTS SOMDIDI HALININATA N DARI HASMITATUS Jain Educa
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________________ 838 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya isase vidita hotA hai ki puruSa varga vallabhakulIna thA aura nArI samudAya salemAbAda sthita nimbArka gaddI kA upAsaka thA, vaiSNava zAkhA meM yaha paramparA rahI hai ki puruSa aura nAriyoM kA guru-gharAnA eka nahIM ho sakatA. mahArAjA bir3adasiMhajI-(rAjya kAla saM0 1838-1845) inake sphuTa padyoM ke atirikta gItagoviMda kI gadya-padyAtmaka TIkA pAI jAtI hai. 300 patroM kI vizad hindI TIkA ke dekhane se patA calatA hai ki zAyada hI koI itanI vizada vRtti ho. inake nirmANa meM mahArAjA ne tatkAla meM vahA~ nivAsa karanevAle bihAra pradeza ke suprasiddha vijJa aura vivecanakAra zrI haricaraNadAsa se praryApta sahAyatA lI hai. eka raghunAtha bhaTTa kA nAma bhI AtA hai jo saMbhavataH 'goviMda lIlAmRta' ke praNetA hoM ?. vir3adasiMha ke samaya meM bhI vidvAn aura kavi samAhata hote the. eka aura vRnda ke vaMzajoM kA sAMskRtika dRSTi se kizanagar3ha meM prabhutva thA to dUsarI ora bAhira ke vidvAn bhI Akara vahAM nivAsa karane meM apane ko gauravAnvita samajhate the. cAhe rAjanaitika utpAta kitane hI Aye hoM para sAhityika saritA ke pravAha meM zaithilya nahIM AyA. kheda kI bAta itanI hI hai ki vahA~ ke anya kavioM para anveSaNa nahIM ho pAyA hai. yadi vahA~ kA rAjakIya sarasvatI bhaNDAra viziSTa dRSTi se TaTolA jAya to saMbhava hai vahA~ kI sAMskRtika cetanA ke darzana ho sakeMge. kalyANasiMhajI-(rAjya kAla saM0 1854-65) mahAmahopAdhyAya zrI vizvezvaranAtha jI reU racita 'mAravAr3a ke itihAsa' meM pradatta inake kAla meM aura munzI devIprasAdajI kRta meM 'rAja rasanAmRta' meM sUcita samaya meM vaiSamya hai, para usa para vicAra kA yaha sthAna nahIM. kalyANasiMhajI ke sphuTa pada mile haiM. eka uddhRta kiyA jA rahA hai rAga vasaMta, tAla dhamAra rati pati de dukha kari ratipati sauM tU to merI pyArI aura pyAre hU kI pyArI uThi cali gajagati sau dUtI ke vacana suni-suni musakyAnI bhUSana vasana sauMdhauM liyo baho bhAMti sauM kalyANa ke prabhu giradharana dharaka dhAya laI ati ura sauM mahArAjA pRthvIsiMhajI-(rAjyakAla saM0 1897-1936) ye phatahagar3ha kI zAkhA se goda Aye the. inakA kevala eka hI pada prApta hai jisameM vallabhAcArya kI paramparA kA ullekha hai. mahArAjA kA vizad varNana prApta nahIM hai, para anyAnya aitihAsika sama sAmayika sAdhanoM se siddha hai ki usa samaya rAja-parivAra meM jJAna kI cetanA unnati ke zikhara para thI. mahArAja kumAroM ko bhI sAhityika zikSA dilavAne kA viziSTa prabaMdha thA, tabhI to vaha Age calakara svataMtra graMthakAra pramANita hue. mahArAjA pRthvIsiMha kA eka pada isa prakAra hai : vaMzAvalI zrImahAprabhu vallabha pragaTa tina suta viThalanAtha / jinake giradharajI pragaTa unake gopInAtha / zrIprabhujI jinake bhaye viThThalanAtha pramAna / una suta vallabhajI bhaye phira zrI viThThalanAtha / kari karuNA yA karana mahIM mokU kiyo sanAtha / jinake suta raNachoDajI haiM kuMvarana siramaura / inako vaMza vadho bahuta yaha AziSa karU kara jora / javAnasiMhajI--yaha uparyukta mahArAjA pRthvIsiMhajI ke dvitIya putra the. inakA kavitAkAla saM0 1945-46 lagabhaga hai. ye parama kRSNa bhakta rAjavI the. inakI tIna racanAeM-'rasa taraMga' 'nakhazikha-zikhanakha' aura 'jalvaye zahanazAha izka' VOJAN ARE GNATAARAMINATA LACE INNINANINNARENENIbAravaNINNINNINE Jain Education Interational www.jamendrary.org
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________________ muni kAntisAgara : ajamera-samIpavartI-kSetra ke katipaya upekSita hindI sAhityakAra : 836 Wwwwwwww maulika aura eka saMgrahAtmaka-dhamAra saMgraha' ina paMktiyoM ke lekhaka ke saMgraha meM surakSita hai. racanAoM meM kavi ne apanI chApa nagadhara' yA 'nagadharadAsa' rakhI hai.' kavivara javAnasiMhajI kA adhyayana atyanta vizAla aura talasparzI thA. jayalAla yA jayakavi inake mitra aura sAhityika sahayogI the. yaha svAbhAvika hI hai jaba do sahRdaya kavi ekatra hokara sArasvatopAsanA karane lageM to uttama phala prApta hote hI haiM. sacamuca una dinoM kizanagar3ha kA sAhityika vAtAvaraNa kitanA pariSkRta aura preraNAdAyaka rahA hogA? rasataraMga-jaisA ki nAma se hI spaSTa hai isa meM kRSNabhaktimUlaka rasa kI AdhyAtmika taraMgoM kA bAhulya hai. kavi hRdaya kI mArmika anubhUtiyoM kA suMdara aura sahaja paripAka sUcita racanA meM huA hai. kavi ne Atma nivedana meM jina bhAvoM kI saphala sRSTi kI hai, vaha anupama Ananda kA anubhava karAtI hai, aisA pratIta hotA hai mAno ananta mAnavoM kA svara eka kaNTha se dhvanita ho rahA ho. zAnta, bhakti aura vAtsalya rasoM kI dhArA pUre vega se pravAhita ho rahI hai. bhaktirasa hai yA nahIM ? isakI vivecanA yahAM aprastuta hai, para itanA kahanA par3egA ki kRSNabhakti ke madhuropAsaka kaviyoM ne ise rasa ke rUpa meM pratiSThita avazya kiyA hai. koI bhI bhAva-cAhe sthAyI ho yA vyabhicArI-prarUr3ha athavA pravRddha hone para rasa kI koTi meM A jAtA hai. bhagavAn ke guNoM kA satatacintana, zravaNa evam manana karate rahane se AtmA svAbhAvika rUpa se antarmukhI Ananda kA anubhava karatA hai aura isakA cAritra ke sAtha saMbaMdha pravRddha hone para to tadAkAra bhI ho jAtA hai. Alocya kRtikAra cAhe saMta yA bhakta koTi meM na Ate hoM, para unakI abhivyakti bhakta kI pUrvapIThikA ke sarvathA anukUla hai. premabhakti kA pravAha rasataraMga kI apanI nijI vizeSatA hai. graMtha ke aMtaHparIkSaNa se vidita hotA hai ki kavi ne kevala apane sahaja sphurita bhAvoM ko hI lipibaddha nahIM kiyA, apitu etadviSayaka Avazyaka adhyayana ke anantara zAstrIya paramparA ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue bhAvabhUmi kA sRjana kiyA hai. tabhI to vaha iSTadeva ke prati pUrNa samarpaNa kara sakA hai. prastuta rasataraMga ko adhyayana kI suvidhA ke liye tIna bhAgoM meM vibhAjita karanA hogA. prathama bhAga meM badhAiyAM. jinakA saMbaMdha kRSNacarita se hai, dvitIya bhAga meM ve badhAiyAM AtI haiM jo vallabhAcArya aura unake vaMzajoM se sambaddha hai. isameM vallabhAcArya svayaM, viThThalanAthajI, (koTAvAle) gopInAthajI dIkSita, tIsare giradharalAlajI Adi AcAryoM kA samAveza hotA hai. tIsare bhAga meM kavi ne dIpAvalI, cIraharaNa, holI Adi prasaMgoM ko lekara bhagavAn kRSNa kI jIvana 1. isa kI spaSTatA kavi ne anyatra kaI sthAnoM para ko hI hai, para inakI racanA 'jalvaye zahanazAha izka' ko TIkA meM vRnda ke vaMzaja kavivara jayalAla ne bhI isa para isa prakAra prakAza DAlA hai kavi manabhAva varNana nagadhara lakhi cita aTaki kai parayo gira yo madhi phanda / jyoM bAlaka laDa bAbaro cahata khilaunA canda ||36|| TIkA nagadhara iti-yAmeM kavi mana bhAva varnana haiM, 'naga' jo girarAja jinake dhAraNa karanevAle jo prabhU jinako lakhi dekhikai maiM boca phaMdA ke par3a gayau, arthAt mero citta haiM so pabhUna maiM Asakta huyo so prabhU jagadIza acintyAnaMda brahmA zivAdika kauM dhyAnAgamya aise prabhU kahAM, tahAM para raSTAMta jese jo bAlaka caMdramA ko khilaunA karake mAgeM, yaha kaha jU yaha khilaunAM mAkI lAya do, vaha khilaunAM kaise Ave, kahAM to bAlaka arU kahAM vaha candramA aise jAMnI aru yahAM 'nagadhara' pada haiM so kavi ko kAvya racanA ko nAma bhI hai. dRSTAMta alaMkAra hai. bhASA bhUSana jahAM viva pratibiMva sauM duhUvAbaya dRSTAnta / iti, yahAM upameya vAtraya kavi mana phara meM paDanI pratikvi aru upamA vAkya bAlaka ko candramA khilaunAM mAMganI biMva hai / / 36 / / jalvaye zahanazAha izka ko TIkA kI nija saMgrahastha prati se uddhRta, patra 126-4, MEE nivANINNINNINNER sAnANINANINANINNINteyorg
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________________ 840 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya ghaTanAoM para prakAza DAlA hai. SaT RtuoM ke sAtha bhagavAn kI tulanA karake kavine jo prAkRtika zobhA kA varNana prastuta kiyA hai vaha to kavi hRdaya kI carama pariNati hai. kavi vicAroM meM udAra pratIta hotA hai, vaha parama kRSNopAsaka hote hue bhI usane bar3I hI zraddhA se maryAdA puruSottama rAma kI bhI eka badhAI likhI hai. kahIM-kahIM svamatapoSaNArtha mahArAjA nAgarIdAsa, svAmI haridAsa Adi saMta pravaroM ke pada uddhRta kiye haiM. bhASAbhUSaNa aura kizanagar3ha pravAsI kavi haricaraNadAsa kRta sabhAprakAza kA upayoga kiyA hai. pUrA graMtha rAga-rAganiyoM meM hI nahIM hai, kavitta, savaiyA, dohA Adi bhI prayukta hue haiM. ina racanAoM meM jahAM kahIM kAThinya hai una sthAnoM kI kavi ne TIkA bhI sAtha hI sAtha samAviSTa kara kRti kA gaurava dviguNita kara diyA hai. jaisA ki Upara sUcita kiyA jA cukA hai ki javAnasiMha-nagadhara kA adhyayana bahumukhI thA, viSaya pratipAdana meM vaha dakSa haiM to anekArtha sAhitya ke prati bhI udAsIna nahIM. eka udAharaNa diyA jAnA upayukta jAna par3atA hai.--- harita kadaMba bhUmi hariyArI harI' amAvasa harayo samAja / harI savArI sAja calyo hai harI' gAja savahi na mana rAja / / hari tanayA praphulita hari guMjata hari sobhA sukha dhAma / harita latani meM harita hiMDaurA hari saMga bhUlata harimukhadeg vAma / / hari" kuMja gahara12 hariyArI hari sobhA baranI nahIM jAta / hare ratana tana vasana hare raMga harIya pahupamAlA5 sarasAta / / harI16 harI para sobhita adbhuta, hari varasata hari lAyo / harI'6 rAga gAvata muralI meM madhuraM mana20 hari21 bhAyau / / harivaranI 22 harigaminI23 rI tUM harilocani24 madamAtI / harikaTi25 lacakata saMga jhUlana meM haribainI26 ucharAtI / / harakhi-harakhi27 gAvata madhurai sura bhaI harI raMga rAtI // 'nagadhara'28 hari harakha 6 hariyArai harI harI3deg savahina mana bhAtI / / kavi ne rasataraMga meM jahAM eka ora braja bhASA kA upayoga kiyA hai vahIM dUsarI ora apanI mAtRbhASA DhuMDhADI ko vismRta nahIM kiyA hai. racanAkAla kavi ne nahIM diyA hai, para pratilipi kAla aura kavi kI anya kRtiyoM se siddha hai ki saM0 1945 ke lagabhaga rasataraMga racA gayA hai. jalvaye zahanazAhe izka-36 padyAtmaka yaha laghutama racanA sAhityika sauMdarya kA bhavya pratIka hai. kavi ne isameM Atmastha sauMdarya ko sAkAra kara apanI kAvyakalA kA ullekhanIya paricaya diyA hai. sampUrNa racanA pratIkAtmaka hai. bhagavAn kRSNa ko zahanazAha mAnakara usakI sRSTi kA eka rAjya ke rUpa meM varNana kiyA hai. zahanazAha, rAnI, maMtrI, nagara, durga, siMhAsana, nyAyAlaya aura usake adhyakSa, jallAda, chatra, caMvara, dhanuSa-bANa, dhvajA naubata, musaddI, kotavAla, senA, viSayaka upakaraNa, zastrAstra koza, khemA, naubata Adi kA vizad paricaya dete hue bhATa kA sthAna nAgarIdAsa ke yahAM jo TippaNa diye gaye haiM ve saba kavi ke hI haiM 1. hariyArI amAvasa, 2. prasanna saSI ganAdika, 3. kAma kI savArI, 4. indra ko gAja. 5. jamunAjI, 6. praphulla, 7. guja he bhramara, 8. harivallarI, 6. zrIkRSNa, 10. caMdravadanI, 11. savaja kuja haiM, 12. gahavara haiM, 13. vana, 14. pannA, 15. kamala puSpa kI mAlA, 16. iMdra dhanuSa, 17. AkAza para, 18. jala varase hai, 16. pavana calyo haiM, 20. mana ko 21. harika, 22. kanakavaranI, 23. gajagamanI, 24. mRganainI, 25. siMhasI, kaTi, 26. sarpaso bainI, 27. prasanna bhaI, 28. rAjA, nagara kavi kau nAna, harI rAjA, 26. hari kI prIta, 30. harI-harI yaha pUrvokta jamaka zabda kI ukti sarva ke mana bhAvatI huI hai| VAL Jain Education Intemat S .ainelibrap.org
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________________ muni kAntisAgara : ajamera-samIpavartI kSetra ke katipaya upekSita hindI sAhityakAra : 841 wwwwwwwwwwwww ke liye surakSita rakha liyA jAna par3atA hai. rAjasthAna meM bhATa kA sthAna atyanta mahattvapUrNa mAnA jAtA rahA hai. bhagavAn ke bhATa nAgarIdAsajI-sAMvatasiMha haiM jisane unakA yaza caturdika phailAyA. kavi ke hI zabdoM meM par3hie--- bhATa varNana bhATa nAgarIdAsa nRpa izaka zAnazA heta / saba jaga maya jAhira kiyA izkacimana rasa keta // 22 // bhATa iti--yAmaiM bhATa ko varNana haiM. izka jo zahanazAha rAjAdhirAja haiM tAke heta kahiye, siMha ke kAraNa nAgarIdAsa nRpa jo kRSNagaNa ke mahArAja sAMvatasiMhajI dvitIya hari saMbaMdha nAma nAgarIdAsajI so bhATa hai, so yaha mahArAja bar3e mahAnubhAva parama bhagavat bhakta so inakI mahimA to laghu pustaka meM laghu buddhi sauM kahAM taka varnana karai, arU Apake kavitvachaMdAdi to bahuta haiM parantu tina meM doya prAcIna chappaya likhate haiM suta kauM dai yuvarAja Apa dRdAvana aaye| rUpanagara patibhakta vRnda bahu lADa laDAye / / sara dhIra gaMbhIra rasika rijhavAra amAnI / saMta caranAmRta nema udadhi lauM gAvata vAnI / / nAgarIdAsa jaga vidita so kRpAThAra nAgara Dharisa / sAMvaMtasiMha nRpa kali viSa sata traitA vidhi Acariya' / / 1 / / punaH raMga mahala kI Tahala karata nija karana sudhara vara / jugala rUpa avaloka mudita AnaMda hiauM bhara / / lalitAdika jihiM samaiM rahata hAjara sukharAsI / tahA~ nAgarIdAsa jugala kI karata khavAsI / / zrIlADa laDaitI kari kRpA parikara apanauM jA~na kiya / zakrAdi IzahUkauM agama so dRdAvana vAsa diya // 2 // kRSNa kRpA guna jAta na gAyo manahu na parasa kari sakai so sukha ina hI dRgani dikhAyo / gRha byauhAra bhuraTa 2 ko bhAro zira para tai utarAyo / / nAgariyA kauM zrIbadAbana bhakta takhta baiThAyo / / aise mahArAja nAgarIdAsajI izka mahArAja ko suyaza bahuta banana kiyo haiM. soI uttarArddha meM kaha haiM. saba jagamaya kahiye sarva saMsAra meM "izkacimana" nAma graMtha "rasa keta" kahiye rasa kI dhvajA jaiso jAhira kiyA kahiye pragaTa kiyo haiM. izka mahArAja ko suyaza varNana kiyo yA te bhATa kahaiM. "bhA" nAma sobhA tAke artha "aTa" kahiye phira tAko nAma bhATa haiM. aru bhATa sauM jAti kI uttamatA aru utpatti kI zuddhatA jagata maiM jAnI jAya haiM, taiseM "izkacimana" sauM izka kI uttamatA, aru izka ko zuddha svarUpa jAnyauM jAya haiM tAtai bhATa kahaiM ....... 1. kahA jAtA hai ki nAgarIdAsa kA jo smAraka vRdAvana meM banA hai usa para yaha padya aMkita hai. 2. rAjasthAna ke retIle pradeza meM "bhUraTa" nAmaka kATevAlA khAdya padArtha hotA hai. Perso MINiprary.org
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________________ smrthr smrmrthththrth 842 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti - prantha : caturtha adhyAya prastuta kRti kavi ne saM0 1945 caitra meM taiyAra kI aura usI varSa vRMda ke vaMzaja kavivara jayalAla ne vistRta TIkA"izka prakAzikA" racI. yahAM itanA spaSTIkaraNa kara denA cAhie ki katipaya padyoM kI -- jaise anna saMbaMdhI -- TIkA svayaM javAnasiMhajI ne kI hai. eka padya kI uddhRta TIkA se hI isakI upAdeyatA samajha meM A sakatI hai. TIkA meM svamatapoSaNArtha- gItagoviMda, bhAnudatta racita rasataraMgiNI, vAtsyAyana sUtra kI jayamaMgalA TIkA, bihArI satasaI, nAgarIdAsa kA samasta sAhitya, haricaraNadAsa kA sabhAprakAza, ujjvala nIlamaNi, govarddhana kRta saptazatI, sUrasAgara, paramAnandasAgara, bhAgavata, rasaprabodha, vidvanmaMDana, amarakoza, 84 vasNavana kI vArtA, bhASAbhUSaNa, subodhinI aura manusmRti Adi aneka prAmANika graMthoM se uddharaNa dekara kRti ke sauMdarya ko nikhAra diyA hai. aisI mUlyavAn racanA kA prakAzana nitAnta vAMchanIya hai. isakA vivaraNa isa prakAra hai : anta bhAga :-- soraThA braja jana jIvana prAMna haiM ilAhi mahavuva nita / kRSNa kareM jihi dhyAna hai adhIna jinake sadA ||1|| hari rAdhA hita rIta maiM viprayoga rasa sAra / tahAM prIta soi prema haiM soi izka nirdhAra // 2 // paiMtAlIsa - uganIsa seM prathama caitra kajavAra / Rtu vasaMta pUnyauM su tithi, kInoM graMtha ucAra ||37|| iti zrImahArAja javAnasiMhajI kRta jalavaya zahanazAha izka saMpUrNa // nakhazikha-zikhanakha - hindI sAhitya meM kaI kaviyoM ne nakhazikha kA bhavya varNana prastuta kiyA hai. javAnasiMha ne bhI isa viSaya ke graMthoM meM abhivRddhi kI hai. 104 padyoM kI kRti meM bhagavAn kRSNa aura unake samIpa rahanevAle upakaraNoM kA vizada varNana bhAvapUrNa bhASA meM kiyA gayA hai. isa racanA kA mahattvapUrNa aMza hai - haribhakta nAma mAlA - isa meM baiSNava sampradAya ke sabhI kRSNabhaktoM kA nAmollekha hai. anveSakoM kI suvidhA ke lie nAmAvalI prastuta kI jA rahI hai : sUradAsa, paramAnandadAsa, kRSNadAsa, kuMbhanadAsa, govindasvAmI, chItasvAmI, nandadAsa, caturbhujadAsa, gadAdhara, haridAsa, harivaMza, bihArinadAsa, zrIbhaTTa, mAdhaudAsa, vRMdAvanadAsa, gopAladAsa, rAmarAya, rAmadAsa, janari, ghanazyAma, rAghaudAsa, kizorIdAsa, viSNudAsa, raghunAthadAsa, viThThala, sUrakizora, harivallabha, hRSikeza, mAnacanda, sUradAsa, madanamohana, tulasIdAsa, kalyAnadAsa, kRSNajIvana lacchIrAma, tAnasena, govindadAsa, viThThaladAsa, jana kRSNa, ThAkuradAsa, jana tiloka, candrasaSI, ziromaNi caturabihArI, bAla, haranArAyana, svAmIdAsa, saguNadAsa, brajapati, jananAtha kavirAya, dAmodaradAsa, garIbadAsa, dhIrajaprabhu, vyAsa, agrasvAmI, harijasvana, mukuMda prabhu caranadAsa, rAjArAja ballabhadAsa, suMdaravana raghuvIra, laghu gopAla vallabharasika, Asakarana, tAjakhAna, dhA~dhI, rUpasiMha (kizanagaDa nareza) bajadAsI (kizanagar3ha nareza rAjasiMha kI rAnI) sAMvatasiMha nAgarIdAsa, Anandaghana, jaMgatarAya, sudhararAya, jagajou, murAri ghAsIrAma, paeNma rasika, jugaladAsa, kavi kizora, abhilASI, hita anUpa, vijayasaSI, barasAMniyA nAgarIdAsa, dayAsaSI, naraharidAsa, rasika saSI, Adi. nakhazikha kA vivaraNa isa prakAra hai : nRtyagopAla jayati atha nakhazikha - zikhanakha mahArAjA zrI javAMnasiMhajI kRta liSyate Jain Education rational val & Personal Only www.elibrary.org
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________________ muni kAntisAgara : ajamera-samIpavartI kSetra ke katipaya upekSita hindI sAhityakAra : 843 dohA jaya-jaya mohana muralikA adhara sudhAkara dAMna / nakhazikha kauM banarna karauM dharikai tero dhyAna / / anta bhAga: graMtha prazasti varNanam nagadhara kavi baranana kiyo nakhazikha-zikhanakha lAga / prati bhUSana baranana kiyo mAnahu~ upamA bAga / / 103 / / chiyAlIsa uganIsa se saMvata Azvina mAsa / tithi pUnyauM banarna kiyo yaha zRMgAra surAsa / / 104 / / iti zrImanmahArAjAdhirAja zrIpRthvIsiMhajI tadvitIya putra mahArAjA zrIjavAnasiMhajI kRta nakhazikha-zikhanakha varNana saMpUrNam. saMvata 1946 kA posa mAse zubhe zuklapakSe tithau 6 bhRguvAsare likhitaM brAhmaNa mathurAdAsena kRSNagaDha madhye zrIrastu. dhamAra saMgraha prastuta kRti kA saMkalana javAnasiMha ne kiyA hai. isa meM nimna kaviyoM kI 100 dhamAre saMkalita haiM : "kRSNajIvana, gokulacanda, caturbhujadAsa, govindasvAmI, mAdhaudAsa, jagannAtha kavirAja, sumati, gadAdhara bhaTTa, janakRSNa, Asakarana, ziromaNi paramAnanda, sUradAsa, janatiloka, gopAladAsa, chItasvAmI, viThThala, murAridAsa, jana rasikadAsa, kRSNadAsa, rAghaudAsa,. jisa prakAra jainAcAryoM kI padya maya paTTAvaliyAM pAI jAtI haiM ThIka usI prakAra inameM se katipaya dhamAroM meM vallabha kula kI paTTAvalI dI gaI hai. ina meM se katipaya to ballabha kula ke kramika itihAsa para prakAza DAlatI haiM." yajJanArAyaNasiMha jI---[rAjya kAla saM0 1983.65]-ye kizanagar3ha kI sAMskRtika paramparA ke aMtima mahArAjA the. inake bAda rAjavaMza meM kavitva pratibhA kA anta sA ho gayA. ye svayaM bar3e acche kavi aura pratibhAvAn vyakti the. inane kaI sphuTa pada, rasiyA aura sarvayA Adi likhe haiM. inakI kRtiyoM meM kevala bhaktipakSa pradhAna nahIM hai, sAtha hI saiddhAMtika bhAvabhUmi bhI bahuta hI puSTa rahI hai. vallabha vaMzAvalI inakI sundara aura jJAtavyapUrNa kavitA hai. sunA gayA inake samaya meM utsavAdi khUba huA karate the, bAhara se bhI kalApremiyoM ko apane yahAM Amantrita kara unakA samucita Adara karate the. saMgIta aura sAhitya meM inakI vizeSa abhiruci rahA karatI thI. inake do rasiyA isa prakAra haiM : Dapha kAhe ko bajAvai chailA ghara nero jaba hauM milauMgI rasiyA mohi laregI kalaha karegI bhutero| sAsa nanada suna lakha pAvegI chailA bharama dharegI / yajJa puruSa prabhu tihArI milana meM bahuta parego urajhero // nero mohi rAkha palaMgavAre Ava jo poDho maiM pAMva paloToM vidhanA DhorUM ratanA re / apane hAthana tumahi jimAUM bIca jhapaTa le nandavAre / / yajJa puruSa vallabha yahI sukha de aura lagata phIke sAre / nAniMga-inakA paricaya prApta nahIM hai. kevala anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki ye kizanagaDha ke Azrita yA nivAsI rahe hoMge. kyoMki inane saM0 1787 meM kizanagaDha nareza rAjasiMha kRta [?] "rAjA paMcAnaka kathA" kI pratilipi kI thI da WM NWAR AAC Jain Dainelibrary.org AN
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________________ 844 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya wwwwwwwwwwwwww aura unakI kRti kA sambandha bhI aMzataH kizanagaDha se jAna par3atA hai. nAma ke Age zvetAmbara zabda kA prayoga bhI inheM isI bhUkhaNDa kA pramANita karatA hai. AgAmI paMktiyoM meM dekheMge ki paravartI kavi paMcAyaNa ne bhI isa zabda kA upayoga AtmAbhidhAna ke Age kiyA hai. para vaha jaina dharmAvalaMbI pratIta nahIM hote jaisA ki graMthoM kI prazastiyoM se siddha hai. kavi nAniMga kI ajJAta racanA hai 'majalisa zikSA'. sabhA-samitiyoM kA vyAvahArika jJAna ima meM saMcita hai. kisa prakAra kI sabhA meM kaise logoM kA praveza honA cAhie aura jaisI maMjalisa ho vaisA apane ko banAne kA prayatna karane kI ora kavi kA saMketa hai. sabhAoM ke niyamoM se anabhijJa eka mohaNota parivAra kA sadasya devIdAsa [jo sambhavataH kizanagaDha kA hI nivAsI ho] kavi ke sAtha DhAkA kI eka mahafila meM sammilita huA aura beadabI se lAtoM kA zikAra ho gayA. isa prasaMga para kavi ne apane baMgAla ke anubhavoM kA rocaka varNana kiyA hai. baMgAla kI sAmAjika sthiti kA sundara citra upasthita kiyA hai batAyA gayA haiM baMgAla deza ke DhAkA nAma ke nagara meM eka sundara upavana haiM jisake madhya meM vizAla sarovara hai, AlIzAna makAna bane hue haiM jina para citroM kA kAma rAjasthAna ke bhavanoM kI citrakalA kA smaraNa karAte haiM. majalisa zikSA ke antaH parIkSaNa se patA calatA hai ki saMbhavataH kavi kA vRda se yA unake putra se avazya hI sambandha rahA hogA, asaMbhava nahIM unhIM ke sAtha DhAkA gayA ho, kAraNa ki tRdane apanI satasaI vahA~ hI saM0 1760 meM samApta kI. una dinoM inakA putra vallabha bhI DhAkA meM hI thA jaisA ki mere saMgrahastha eka unhIM ke hAtha se pratilipita guTake se pramANita hai. mohoNota parivArIya vyakti kI carcA nAniMga ne kI hai, kizanagaDha meM una dinoM yaha parivAra ucca sthAna para pratiSThita thA jaisA ki saM0 1786 ke jaina vijJapti patra se siddha hai. kizanagar3ha ke rAjakIya sarasvatI jJAna bhaNDAra meM inake hAtha se likhe graMthoM kI saMkhyA paryApta hai. inakI racanA kA vivaraNa isa prakAra hai : gaNezAya namaH atha majalasa sichA liSyate dohA jai jai zrIbrajarAja jai jai jai nandakumAra / jai jai zrIrAdhAravana jai jai madana murAra / / 1 / / jai jai zrIganapati sadA jai jai sarasvati bAMni / jai jai zrIgurudeva mama jai jai kavi jaga AMni / / 2 / / sabhA sichA kI bAratA, hauM kachu kahata jatAya / burau na mAnahiM sughara nara, samajhata bhaleM batAya // 3 // kavi nAniMga aise kahaiM zrotA sunahu sujAna / burI ju mAnauM bAta sauM ve mUraSa ajJAMna / / 4 / / antaH bhAga-- saMvata satarAsai nivai bhAdava mAsa punIta / tithi cavadasi sasibAra kauM, racyauM graMtha juta nIta / / 168 / / iti zrImajalasa sichA kavi nAniMga kRta saMpUrNa / / zubhaM bhavatu / / saM0 1760 meM kavi ne kRti samApta kI. paMcAyaNa -ye ajamera ke nivAsI jAna par3ate haiM. inakI ajJAta kRti milI hai "muhUrta koza" isa laghutama racanA meM sAmAnya muhUrtoM kA paricaya diyA gayA hai. kRti hindI kavitA meM nibaddha hai. prAcIna kaI aisI racanAeM mila jAtI haiM unakA sambandha to apane-apane viSaya se rahatA hai, para kabhI-kabhI unakI antya prazastiyoM meM aitihAsika saMketa bar3e kAma ke mila jAte haiM. muhUrta koza yadyapi jyautiSa se saMbaddha hai, para isameM anta * * * 4000000MAgonnoons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JainEdudestinandana......................OFrPavitaPort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . u geDevi . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........OVIVagelibrary.org . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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________________ muni kAntisAgara : ajamera-samIpavartI-kSetra ke katipaya upekSita hindI sAhityakAra : 845 Www bhAga meM kavi ne ajamera ke nikaTavartI sthAnoM kA acchA paricaya de diyA hai. vahA~ kI prAkRtika suSamA aura prekSaNIya sthAnoM ke atirikta tatrastha purAtana jala vyavasthA para bhI saMketa kiyA hai. tArAgar3ha ke Upara jo pAnI pahuMcAne kI vyavasthA thI, usakA kavitAbaddhasajIva aura sAMgopAMga varNana isa racanA ko chor3a anya kahIM bhI dRSTigocara nahIM huA. ataH prazasti kA bhAga pUrA uddha ta kara diyA hai. kRti kA pUrA vivaraNa isa prakAra hai : muhUrta koza Adi bhAga zrIgaNezAga namaH dohA vidhana viDArana suSakarana sevita sakala jinesa / ridha sidha bara de ridhu gavarIya nanda gaNesa // 1 / / guru sArada nArada samara sidha sanakAdi sahAya / saha gaNa paMDita paya praNava mo dyau ukata upAya / / 2 / / chaMda bhaMga dIragha laghu na dharo mo para rosa / kavi iNasuM laghutA karai karihUM mahUrata kosa // 3 // lagana vAra graha sAta hai riSa haiM aThAvIsa / tinake nAma jU pherava tau hU ma karau rosa // 4 // anta atha grantha aopamA kathana savaIyA giraha maiM mera jaise grahAM pajayara jaise nAgana maiM sai jaise danana maiM krItA haiM / devana meM indra jaise nASita maiM candra jaise jatiyana maiM hana jaise satInamaiM sItA haiM / / rUpa maiM rAma jaise karatAmaiM brahma jaiseM dhyAnanamai Isa jaise jJAnanameM gItA hai / tIrathamaiM gaMga jaisai sAsattamaiM jaisa---------ta vadItA hai / / 14 / / bAla buddhi piMgala jU lADa riSa tAmeM riSanAma hU~ teM dekha DarA dharo hai / vasana jU varNa cyAra pavana aThAra dUne meM jatanA koya AMkoM porasa meM bharA hai|| rAvata savAI AMna prata apaMDa bhAna sUrana subhaTa thATa dhanI jinavarI hai / / koTa gaDha nAMhi SAI berI saba trAsa jAI aisauM jU nagara yArau aMbara aro hai / / calI nagara ajamera hU teM pati milana calI nAla SAla pUta leke calI eha lUnI hai| Soha draha nIra valeM cAlata jU vega cala rUSa na ubere mUla mAre dhara dhUMnI hai / / sAgI phuni sUkarI jU dohU soka Aya dilI rosa jaba dharyo tAma bhaI rela dUnI hai| nadI ke jU eka pAra sivako suthAna sohai baiThe jaDadhAra saMbhU devala patAla jU / vaDe vana vADI bAga dhuni hota jA lyAvata aneka loka phUlana kI mAlA jU / / AThauM gina AThauM yAMma sevita sakala tAma devana ko deva eha praNameM bhUpAla jU / gorI puMni gaMga sIsa cAMda para caDhyau Isa meTata anaMda aMga TalaheM javAla jU / / 17 / / nagara sauM pacchima nauM vanako saghana thAMna mArana aDhAra vRccha bar3I rAjadhAnI hai| vanakai jU madhya Thaura Sala nAla tAla bharai jhIla nara nArI jU jihAM vimala pAMnI hai| * Son * * * * * a * * was aire * * * Jain EdurenTTI . .. iiiiiiiiiii .... .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . OPIGBAR . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 . . . . . . .1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . dy.org . . . . . . ... . . . . . . ... T . . . . . . .
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________________ wwwwwwwwwwwwwwww 846 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya tinake jU tIra pareM sohata subhaga ghorai car3hatA jU nAMhi sore TraeNka asamAMnI hai| dhUrako pahAra ehamAMnauM girameM ranasauM tAhika jU sIsa para SImaja bhavAnI haiM ||18|| acala sobha darSe abara jU sata ra Agama ke bheda arSe je kIrata sarajU jU / sASa jasa kIrata jU bAvana hI vIra sAdha AMnata miThAI vega TAla duSa dUra jU / / kIrata karamacanda paNDita jU govarddhana sIsa bhae rAja mAMnI sAdhu guna pUra jU / donU sIsa doya paMca jU anopacanda rAma hI gopAla bhrAta vAdhe nita nUra jU // 66 // brahmA ke vaMzamAMhi baDe riSa bhAradvAja tAhU ke pravara tIna mAdhana kI sASa hai / paDhe haiM jajUraveda tinake jU gota puni rAghava se bhaTa bhae veda muSa AMSa hai / / tAsa suta narabada jU sivakI jU bAMcahU teM raheM jAya kAzImeM par3heM guna lASa hai|| goviMda suta calo jU josI jagarUpa suta haradatta hIra vIra jotaSa ko oNSa hai // 200 / / gana bAMna sasi nAga sasi saMvata 1815 zrAvana jU seta paSa bIja sanIvAra hai| maghA varIyAMna joga bAlava karana mAMhi sUraja udai kAla ghara hI aThAra hai / / patra pala upara jU tAhi sase lagna alI kurkaTa saMkrAnta gata rudra puni vAra hai| pUrana pramAna kIyau paMDita jU deSa dIyau maurata ko kausa eka maurata apAra hai / / 201 // dohA setAMbara paMcAiNe joe sagalai josa / vIracaMda rai vAsata kIyau maurata kosa / / 202 / / -iti zrI bhASA moharata kosa kavi paMcAyaNa kRta samApta. vijayakIrti - isa nAma ke digambara jaina-paramparA meM aneka vidvAn hue haiM. udAharaNArtha eka to 'sarasvatI kalpa' ke praNetA malayakItti ke guru. inakA anumita samaya 14 vIM zatAbdI meM hai.' 'zRMgArArNava candrikA' ke racayitA vijaya varNI ke guru jinakA samaya saMdigdha hai. tIsare rAjasthAna ke hI suprasiddha kavi kAmarAja dvArA 'jayakumAra AkhyAna' meM smRta. isa prakAra aura bhI vidvAnoM kA patA 'jaina siddhAnta bhavana, ArA (bihAra) se prakAzita 'prazasti saMgraha' se calatA hai. parantu yahA~ jina vijayakatti kA ullekha kiyA jA rahA hai. vaha sUcita sabhI vidvAnoM se bhinna haiM. inakA saMbandha svarNa giri kI bhaTTAraka paramparA se rahA hai. bhaTTAraka munIndrabhUSaNa ke ye brajalAla nAmaka ziSya the. svarNagiri kA saMbandha gvAliyara kI gaddI se rahA hai. dIkSita hone para brajalAla vijayakItti nAma se abhihita kiye gaye. inake vaiyaktika jIvanapaTa ko Alokita karanevAle pramANabhUta sAdhana anupalabdha haiM. kavi ne bhI apanI racanAoM meM sva-paricaya ke prati upekSA bhAva hI rakhA hai. inake ziSya dayAcanda aura gokala muni ne apane guru kI prazaMsA meM eka-eka gIta likhA hai jisase kevala 1. prazasti saMgraha, saMpA0 bhujavalIjI zAstrI, prakAzaka jaina siddhAnta bhavana, ArA. 2. svarNa giri viSayaka spaSTatA apekSita hai kAraNa ki rAjasthAna meM jAlora kA nAma bhI varNagiri rahA hai, para sacita sthAna madhyapradeza meM avasthita hai. sonAgiri ke nAma se prasiddha hai. yaha siddhakSetra hai. naMga anaMgakumAroM kA nirvANa sthAna yahI hai. prAcIna digambara jaina sAhitya meM isa kSetra kI mahimA gAI gaI hai, vijayakIrti ke ziSya paM0 bhAgIratha mizra ne isa tIrtha kI prAkRtika chavi aura usake dhArmika mahattva ko prakAzita karanevAlI 'sonAgiri pacca sI' kA saM0 18 meM praNayana kiyA thA. eka samaya yaha budelakhaMDa kA sarvajanamAnya tIrtha thA. mahArAjA chatrazAla kA bhI yaha zraddhAkendra rahA hai. 3. gIta isa prakAra hai atha jakhaDI lipyate zrIjI sArada mAta manAvarayAM kAMI lAgU gaNadhara pAya sahelI mAhArI ho / guNa gAvu zrI guru taNAM vijayakotti rikharAya sahelI mAhArI ho| Aji meMha sadguru vAMdasyAM / / Jain Education Intemational For private & Personal use only
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________________ wwwwwwwwwwww muni kAntisAgara : ajamera-samIpavartI kSetra ke katipaya upekSita hindI sAhityakAra : 847 itanA hI patA calatA hai ki ye mUlataH gvAliyara maMDalAntargata syaupura ke nivAsI chAvar3A gotrIya sA0 hemarAja ke putra the. inakI mAtA kA nAma veNI bAI thA. gItakAra ke kathanAnusAra inane vidhivat locakara muni dIkSA aMgIkAra kI thI. pAMDe dayAcanda ne prastuta stuti saM0 1824 meM rcii| isa samaya meM vijayakItti kA yaza:sUrya madhyAhna meM thA. aba taka inane kaI kRtiyoM kA sRjana kara liyA thA. 200 se adhika sphuTa pada likha cuke the. kaI ziSyoM ke gurutva ke saubhAgya se maNDita ho gaye the. inake eka ziSya devendrabhUSaNa bhI the jinake banAye stavana milate haiM. kahIM-kahIM gurujI kA bhI svalpa ullekha kavi ne kara diyA hai. do sUcana mahattva ke mAlUma diye. eka to yaha ki vijayakIttijI ne saM0 1821 meM vaDavAI ke nikaTa bAvanagajAjI kI aura muktAgiri kI yAtrA kI thI, usa samaya devendrabhUSaNa inake sAtha the. donoM tIrthoM ke tAtkAlika varNana usa samaya kI sthiti kA sundara citraNa samupasthita karate haiM. inake itane vidvAn ziSyoM ke rahate hue bhI kisI ne sahI jAnakArI nahIM dI ki ye bhaTTAraka aura bAda meM muni kaba bane ? aura ajamera kI gaddI para kaba ArUr3ha hue ? ina paMktiyoM ke lekhaka ke saMgraha meM vRttaratnAkara kI eka hastalikhita prati hai jo saM0 1816 meM vijayakItti ke ziSya sadArAma dvArA kizanagar3ha ke samIpa rUpanagara meM pratilipita hai, isakI lekhanapuSpikA se itanA to taya hai ki saM0 1816 se pUrva gvAliyara se ajamera padhAra gaye the, aura inakA dhArmika zAsana ajamera pradeza meM bhalI prakAra jama cukA thA. vijayakItti ajamera aura nAgaura se saMbaddha the. ye parama sArasvatopAsaka rahe jAna par3atA hai. pariNAmasvarUpa jahAM kahIM bhI ye svayaM yA unakA ziSya parivAra pahuMcatA vahAM jJAna bhaMDAra kI sthApanA avazya hI ho jAtI thI. kAraNa ki ziSya varga bhI sulekhaka aura parizramI thA. ajamera kA jo digambara jaina bhaNDAra hai, asaMbhava nahIM vaha vijayakIti kI sArasvatopAsanA kA pariNAma ho, kAraNa ki adhikatara pratiyoM kA lekhana dayArAma, bhAgIratha, sadArAma aura gokala muni dvArA huA hai jo sabhI vijayakIrti ke hI ziSya the. prazastiyoM meM vijayakIti kA bhI ullekha pramukha jJAnAgAroM ke saMsthApakoM ke rUpa meM kiyA hai. rUpanagara, bhiNAya, masUdA aura cittaur3a meM jJAna-bhaNDAra sthApita kiye the. adyAvadhi vijayakItti praNIta ina kRtiyoM kA patA lagA hai zrIjI syaupura zobhato sAha hemarAja suta sAra | sahe. loca karAyo jugata suzrIjI chAvar3A vaMza varmANa sahe0 / / 2 / / zrIjI maMDala vidha pUjA racI rahA hemarAja suta sAra / sahe. kara paharAvaNI guru taNI phuni deya bhalI jamaNAra sahe0||3|| kara vahaNa bhagavaMtI ko kaI mAla laI tiNa vara sahe0 / sAM sAhi mUlasaMga zobhato kAI pUjyAM jinaavatAra sahe0 ||4|| zrIjI lAhaNa dInhI bhAvasaM bAI veNi kara adhakAra she| chAvaDA kula maiM apanI kAMI kAlA gharavara nArI sahe. / / 5 / / zrIjI saMvata aThArAsai caubIsameM kAI jeSTha vadi AThasAra | she| paMDita dayAcanda ima bInavai kAMI saMgha sadA jayakAra / / sahe. ||6|| nija saMgrahastha guTake se uddhRta. 4. syaupura eka samaya jaina saMskRti kA aura vizeSakara digambara-paramparA kA suprasiddha kendra thA. vahA~ ke nivAsI racizIla jainoM ne jaina sAhitya ke nirmANa meM ullekhanIya yoga diyA hai. yadyapi vahA~ kI sAhityika evam sAMskRtika pragati kA mUlyAMkana samucita rUpeNa nahIM ho pAyA hai, para jo bhI vahA~ kI racanAeM prApta huI hai unase hindI jaina sAhitya para nUtana prakAza par3A hai. gvAliyarI bhASA kA sAhitya adhikatara yahA~ para hI likhA gayA hai. syaupura ke golApUraba rAjanaMda ke putra dhanarAja yA dhanadAsa ne saM0 2614 meM bhaktAmarastrota kA padyAtmaka hindI anuvAda prastuta kiyA thA aura isakA citraNa saM0 1615 meM karavAyA gayA thA. jaina stotra sAhitya meM sacitra kRti yahI eka mAtra mAnI jAtI hai. isa kRti kA jitanA dhArmika dRSTi se mahattva hai usase bhI kahIM tAtkAlika lokakalA kI dRSTi se anupameya hai. MRID OF ANGO COM JainEduce ww.jamanorary.org
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________________ 848 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya 1. zreNikacaritra (racanAkAla saM0 1827) 2. karNAmRtapurANa , , 1826) 3. caMpakazreSThi vratodyApana 4. sarasvatI kalpa 5. nemicanda jIvana merI sAhitya-zodha-yAtrA meM nimna kRtiyAM upalabdha huI haiM jo adyAvadhi ajJAta thIM. bharata bAhubalI saMvAda-vastuta: yaha vijayakItti kI maulika racanA nahIM haiM. saM0 1704 bhAdoM sudi 13 bhusAvara (rAjasthAna) meM vizvabhUSaNa muni dvArA racita "bharata bAhubalI rAso'kA susaMskRta rUpa hai jaisA ki vaha svayaM hI ina zabdoM meM svIkAra karate haiM e saMvAda sudhAri liSyau hai zrImunirAI / vijayakIrti bhaTTAraka nAgaura savAI / / gar3ha ajamera supATa thATa racanA iha kInI / zrIvizvabhUSaNa ugati jugati thiratA kari lahi / / bharaNe bhaNAve bhavi suNa zrIAdIzvara bhANa / bharatha avara bAhubalI hau kaDakhau suNata kalyANa // 44 / / gajasukamAla caritra- yaha vijayakIttijI kI dUsarI maulika racanA hai. isameM gajasukagAla muni kA Adarza caritra vaNita hai. bhale hI yaha eka vyakti kA caritra ho, para mAnavatA ko kavi ne sAkSAt khar3A kara diyA hai. Atmaupamya kI prazasta ora audArya bhAvanAoM kA jo citraNa eka sarvajanakalyANakAmI saMta ke mAdhyama se samupasthita kiyA gayA hai, vaha Aja bhI anukaraNIya-abhinandanIya hai. AdhyAtmika sAdhanA meM anurakta sAdhaka ko kitanI yAtanAoM kA sAmanA karanA par3atA hai ? para antarmukhI jIvana dhyatIta karanevAloM para bAhya utpIDana kA kyA prabhAva par3a sakatA hai ? jIvana meM ahiMsA aura satya kI pUrNa pratiSThA hone para saMsAra kI bhautika zakti aisI nahIM jo sva mArga se vicalita karA sake. gajasukamAla mahAmuni isakI pratimUtti the. ahiMsA-unake jIvana meM sAkAra thI. tabhI to mastaka para Aga rakhe jAne para bhI munivara ne upha taka na kiyA, aisI thI unakI AtmalakSI tapazcaryA. kavivara vijayakIttijI ne AdhyAtmika aura bhautika dvandoM kA sAmayika paristhitiyoM ke prakAza meM jo vizleSaNa prastuta kiyA hai vaha eka zabdazilpI kI smRti dilAtA hai. kRti kA vivaraNa isa prakAra hai 1. vizvabhUSaNa muni praNIta ajJAta rAsa kA aMtima bhAga isa prakAra hai sahara susAvara madhi rAju jApharaSAM sohai / sohi kAma sau prIti rAi rAMnAM mana mohai / / tA maMtrI bhagavAnadAsa sabake suSadAI / nyAi nIti vara nRpana jaiNasAsana adhikAI / / vasai mahAjana loga jI dAna mAna sanamAna | eka eka te agale rASai sabakI mAMna / / 37|| mUlasaMga kula pragaTa gaccha sArada maiM rAjai | jagatabhUSaNa munirAja vAda vidyApati chAjai / / tA paTa kahI sujAna vizvabhUSana munirAI / tina yaha racyo prabandha bhavi suniyo manu lAI / / satraihasai ru ciDottarA bhAdau sudi subhavAra / sukala paccha terasi bhalI gAyau maMgalavAra / / -nija saMgrahastha hastalikhita guTake se uddhRta | vizvabhUSaNajI apane samaya ke vidvAn 'graMthakAra the. inakA vizeSa paricaya maiMne apane "rAjasthAna kA ajJAta sAhitya vaibhava" nAmaka graMtha meM diyA hai. APEENAM RAL YeMAN Jain Educationemalons For Prve Personal use on www.antenitor.org
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________________ muni kAntisAgara : ajamera-samIpavartI kSetra ke katipaya upekSita hindI sAhityakAra : 846 natha gajasukamAla caritra liSyate karasana rAja pada bhaugavaM kAnuDA deSi devakI mAta re giradhArIlAla, mo sama pApiNa ko nahI kAnuDA bAlaka nahi nahi mAta re gira0 / / anta: dhana-dhana naranAri jike kAnuDA guNa gAvaya munirAya re| vijayakIti ima uccarai bhaNatAM navaniddhi thAya re ||gir0|| uparyukta kRti meM kavi ne racanA samaya sUcita nahIM kiyA hai, para isakA pratilipi kAla saM0 1823 hai ataH ita: pUrva kI racanA asaMdigdha hai. sphuTa pada-digambara jaina paramparA meM rAtri ke svAdhyAya ke anantara eka pada gAyA jAnA Avazyaka hai. yadi koI parama svAdhyAyazIla vidvAn hoM to unase apekSA rakhI jAtI hai ki vaha nitya navya pada banAkara svAdhyAya sabhA ko alaMkRta kareM. vijayakIti kI padasaMkhyA ko dekhate hue aisA pratIta hotA hai ki vaha nitya navIna pada banAkara zraddhAluoM ke samyagdarzana kI puSTi meM maMgalamaya yoga dete rahe hoMge. kAraNa ki inakA pada sAhitya lagabhaga 500 taka vyApaka hai. bhakti, nIti, saMyama, sadAcAra, tIrthavaMdanA, gurubhakti Adi aneka viSayoM kA isameM samAveza kara apanI sAdhanA meM auroM ko bhI sahabhAgI banAyA hai. Azcarya isa bAta kA hai ki itanA virAT jinakA pada sAhitya ho aura vaha jainoM kI dRSTi se abhI taka ojhala kaise rahe ? siddhAnta aura bhakti ke mUla svarUpoM kA saphala pratinidhitva karanevAlA inakA padasAhitya prakAza meM AnA cAhie. yahAM para maiM eka bAta vizeSa rUpa se kahanA cAhatA hUM. vaha yaha ki jaise kavivara, vidvAn, graMthakAra aura saMyamazIla vRtti ke pratIka the vaise hI bhAratIya saMgIta ke bhI parama anurAgI the. unakA zAyada hI koI pada aisA hogA jo zAstrIya rAga-rAginiyoM meM nibaddha na hogA. padoM kA saMgraha inake ziSya pAMDe dayAcaMda ne saM0 1823 meM jisa guTake meM kiyA hai vaha vijayakItti kA nijI guTakA jAna par3atA hai. isameM rAgamAlA evam saMgIta ke prasiddha 24 tAloM kA vizada cArTa bhI pratilipita hai jo kavivara ke saMgIta viSayaka anurAga kA paricAyaka hai. kavi ne svayaM bhI eka rAgamAlA kA praNayana kiyA hai. udAharaNoM meM jinacarita kA samAveza kiyA gayA hai. kavi ke sAMskRtika aura Adarza vyaktitva kA AbhAsa ina padoM se mila jAtA hai. yadi zodha kI jAya to inake pada aura bhI mila sakate haiM. yadi kahA jAya ki digambara jaina paramparA meM yahI eka aise sAhityasAdhaka aura rucizIla vyakti ajamera meM hue haiM jinakA sthAna bAda meM rikta hI rahA to koI atyukti na hogI. jasarAja bhATa-18-16vIM zatAbdI meM ajamera kI apekSA kizanagar3ha adhika samRddha thA. vahAM jainoM kA prAbalya thA. sabhI sampradAya Arthika aura sAmAjika dRSTi se sampanna the. yahAM ke lUNiyA parivAra ne pAlItAnA-siddha kSetra kA vizAla saMgha nikAlA thA. jisameM upAdhyAya kSamAkalyANa ke atirikta anya sampradAya ke muni bhI sammalita the. rAjArAma tiloka zA saMghapati the. jasarAja bhATa ne saMgha kA vistRta varNana apanI nIsAMnI meM kiyA hai. isakA racanAsamaya jJAta nahIM hai para saMgha yAtrA kara vApasa kizanagar3ha saM0 1866 meM A gayA thA. prati kA lipikAla saM0 1866 aura 1878 kA madhya kAla hai. jasarAja bhATa ke vaiyaktika jIvana se sambaddha ullekha upalaldha nahIM hue. vidvatparicayArtha nIsAnI kA vivaraNa diyA jA rahA hai-- 1. isa guTake meM harSakoti sUri racita yoga cintAmaNi saTIka (TokAkAra muni narasiMha) pratilipita hai. una dinoM bhaTTAraka aura inake ziSyoM para samAja ke svAsthya aura zikSA kA dAyitva rahatA thA. ataH Ayurveda kA jJAna unake lie nitAnta vAMchanIya thA. -&PersovaloK
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________________ 850 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya rAjArAma tilokasA luNiyA saMgha varNana Adi bhAga prathama patra vilupta haicar3hata praNAMmi saMghamaiM Aye SimAkalyANa / mukha maMgala amRta vacana gItAratha guNavaMta / / sUtrasiddhAMta jAMNa sakala, bhASyA jyaM bhagavaMta / vAcaka taSata virAjiyA, zrAvaka thA so AyA / vANI amRta sravanI jaladhara barasAyA / / cAla gajalanI prarUpyo dharma zrIjina bhAMNa vidhasa hota hai vyAkhyAna / bharama hara kharatarA bharapUra kInhaiM karma ALu dUra / / sAgaracanda vidha maiM sAra bhavyakU karata hai upagAra / jJAnI bahota hai gambhIra niramala jaima gaMgA nIra / / pAyacandagaccha ro paramAraNa rAkhe jema rAjA raann| caracyA kAraNa meM lakhadhIra jaise boliyA mahAvIra / / anta AyAM gharo ati nIkau tapai osavaMza meM TIko / phirUM kizanagar3ha AyA ke guNIyaNa bahota guNa gayA / chAsaTha varasa caittara mAsa ANaMda bhayau pUgI Asa / Aya saMghapati ghara Aya japatA jinezvara ko jApa / / dharamI dharama kA dhorI ke jaise guNa taNIyorI ke / jaipUra kapUracanda AyA ke paramAnaMda sukha pAyA ke / siMghavI Adi dai sava saMgha AyAM gharAM ucharaMga / sIdhAM sabI vachati kAja japa ema kavi jasarAja // kalaza sakala kAja bhae siddha riddha vRddhi ghara AyA / rAjArAma tilokasI saMghapati pada pAyA / / parce dravya siddhaSetra lAho jagata meM likho| jagaDu bhAma tejapAla jaima dAna supAtre diddho / naNa vaSatamala sarUpa taNAM ketAM dAMna pUraba kIyo / tIrthakara pacIsamo raghu nAma avi avicala rahyo / iti zrI rAmarAja tiloka sA lUNiyA rA saMgharI nIsAMNI krata bhATa jasarAja kI kAjIsa / / saMvata 1878 magasIra vadi 11 laSatuM jasarAja ajamera madhye / / nija saMgrahastha guTake se uddhRta * * * * * * * salee 3000 OMMONOMela . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jain Educa!!! . . . . . . . . . . " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . .. . . . / . . . . . . . ....... . . . . . . . . . . Indilv.org . . . . . . . . . .
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________________ muni kAntisAgara : ajamera-samIpavartI kSetra ke katipaya upekSita hindI sAhityakAra : 851 Wwwwwwwwww prema-premasukha-paramasukharAya eka hI vyakti ke vibhinna nAma haiM jaisA ki kRti ke antaH parIkSaNa se vidita hai. paramasukharAya to racanA ke prArambha meM, kRti ke aMtima bhAga meM premasukha aura madhya meM praima' nAma se kavi ne nAmAbhivyakti kI hai. ye saTorA nivAsI kAyastha-mAthura-dhagaroTiyA kisunacanda ke putra the. kAyastha hone ke nAte inheM arabI aura phArasI bhASA kA pAramparika jJAna thA, viziSTa sAhityika ruci ke kAraNa sUcita bhASAoM ke gambhIra graMthoM kA bhI pArAyaNa kiyA karate the . rAja-karma meM pravINa hone ke kAraNa ajamera meM rahakara kampanI sarakAra meM vakAlata kA pezA karate the. kavi ne AtmavRtta dete hue yaha svIkAra kiyA hai ki bar3e-ar3e aMgreja inake bauddhika-kauzala kA lohA mAnate the. tAtkAlika variSTha mukadamoM meM inakI upayogitA samajhI jAtI thI. ajamera meM rIyAMvAle seTha ke kisI gumAzte ne prapaMca racakara seTha para 2 lAkha rupayoM kA dAvA dAyara kiyA jisameM graMthakAra ne vakAlata kara yazopArjana kiyA thA. hAtamacaritra kI Adima kucha paktiyoM meM kavi ne aMgreja sarakAra kI-kaMpanI-rAja kI bahuta prazaMsA kI hai aura ajamera meM una dinoM laukika tyauhAroM para nikalanevAlI zobhAyAtrAoM ko bhI khUba sarAhA hai. ajamera kI masjideM, maMdira, samIpastha-puSkararAja tIrtha, sarovara aura kUpAdi kA bhavya-varNana prastuta kara tAtkAlika ajamera kI sAmAjika, dhArmika evam rAjanaitika paristhitiyoM kA citraNa kiyA hai. sUcita "hAtamacaritra" aura bhAgavata-"dazamaskaMdha" anuvAda paramasukha rAya kI do ajJAta racanAeM haiM jinakA paricaya sarva prathama isa prabaMdha meM karAyA jA rahA hai. kavi ne hAtamacaritra meM sUcita kiyA hai ki unake kisI mitra ne Agraha 1. bUTI biTapAdighane phala-phUla lageM sabake mana bhAe / bati meva sugarja prasaMna carAcara jIvana ke hita Ae || pAMna aneka suvastu bhareM dharanI dadhi ratna samukti suhAya ! prama kaheM satpuruSani kA dhana iso duve saba hI suSa pAe / / 2. isa nagara ko avasthiti kA ThIka-ThIka patA nahIM calA hai, para 18-18 vIM zatI ke hastalikhita granthoM kI puppikAoM meM 'sa TorA' kA nAma avazya pAtA hai. sthAnakavAsI sampradAya ke muniyoM kI adhikatara racanAoM kA sambandha isa nagara se rahA hai. sambhAvanA to yahI kI jA sakatI hai udayapura aura koTA maMDala meM hI isakA astitva ho. 3. acchA hotA yadi kavi ne seTha kA nAma bhI aMkita kiyA hotA, rIyAMvAle seTha kA sambandha sthAnakavAsI paramparA se rahA hai. munzI devI prasAdajI ne apane 'saMvat 1968 ke daure meM rIyAMvAle seThoM kA ullekha isa prakAra kiyA hai. 'pIpADa se eka kosa para khAlase kA eka bar3A gA~va rIyAM nAmaka hai. isako seThoM ko rIyAM bhI bolate haiM kyoMki yahA~ ke seTha pahale bahuta dhanavAn the. kahate haiM ki eka bAra mahArAjA mAnasiMha jI se kisI aMgreja ne pUchA thA ki mAravAr3a meM kitane ghara haiM to mahArAja ne kahA thA ki DhAI ghara haiM. eka ghara to rAyAM ke seThoM kA hai, dUsarA sabalADe ke dIvAnA kA hai aura Adhe ghara meM sArA mArabAr3a, ye seTha mohaNota jAti ke osavAla the. inameM pahale rekhAjI bar3A seTha thA, usake pIche jIvanadAsa huA, usake pAsa lAkhoM hI rupaye saiMkar3oM hajAroM sikke the. mahArAjA vijayasiMhajI ne usako nagaraseTha kA khitAba aura eka mahIne taka kisI AdamI ko kaida kara rakhane kA adhikAra bhI diyA thA. jIvanadAsa ke beTe harajImala hue, harajomala ke rAmadAsa, rAmadAsa ke hamIramala aura hamIramalla ke beTe seTha cA~damala ajamera meM haiM. jIvanadAsa ke dUsare beTe goravanadAsa ke sobhAgamala, sobhAgamala ke beTe dhanarUpamala kucAmaNa meM the. jinakI goda meM aba seTha cAMdamala kA beTA hai. seTha jIvanadAsa kI chatrI gAMva ke bAhara pUraba ko tarafa popADa ke rAste para bahuta acchI banI hai| yaha 16 khambhoM ko hai. zikhara ke nIce cAroM tarafa eka lekha khudA hai jisa kA sArAMza yaha haiseTha jIvanadAsa mohaNota ke Upara chatrI suta goradhanadAsa harajImala karAI nIMva saMvata 1841 phAguna sudi 1 ko dilAI. kalasa mAha sudi 15 saM0 1844 guruvAra ko caDhAyA. nAgarI pracAriNI patrikA saM0 1977, pRSTha197-8. inake vahA~ para eka pratApajI nAmaka kavi ke rahane kA ullekha bhI kiyA gayA hai. ' *** *** *** *** *** . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i i i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..." . . . . . JainEd
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________________ 852 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya kiyA ki koI kRti kI racanA karo jisase ApakA yaza sthAyI ho jAya. itane meM hAtimatAI kI pustaka kavi ke hAtha laga gaI aura "hAtamacaritra" nAma se anuvAda prastuta kara DAlA. kRSNacaritra-bhAgavata ke dazamaskaMdha ke anuvAda ke liye koI aisI bAta nahIM kahI, saMbhava hai yaha kavi kI svAntaHsukhAya pravRtti kA pariNAma ho. hAtamacaritra ke Adi bhAga ke AThaveM padya meM paramasukha rAya ne bIkAnera ke osavAla kulAvataMsa mehatA mUlacaMdajI ke putra hindUmala kA na kevala ullekha hI kiyA hai, apitu unake prati hArdika sadbhAva bhI vyakta kiyA hai. inake pUrvaja rAjakIya kArya meM parama nipuNa the. hindUmalajI svayaM kuzala prazAsaka aura pratibhAzAlI vakIla the. saM0 1884 meM bIkAnera rAjya kI ora se vakIla ke rUpa meM dillI meM rahA karate the. inakI buddhimattA se na kevala bIkAnera nareza hI prabhAvita the, apitu AMgla zAsaka bhI apane priya aura vizvasta vyaktiyoM meM inheM mAnate the. aba prazna yaha upasthita hotA hai ki hAtamacaritra aura dazamaskaMdha ke anuvAda kA kAla kyA ho sakatA hai ? kavi para bhI thor3A Azcarya hotA hai ki jaba usane graMthAnuvAda kI pIThikA meM 50 se adhika chaMda likhe haiM, varNana bhI vistAra se kiyA hai to racanAkAla para mauna kaise dhAraNa kara liyA ? para prati meM pratilipikAla vidyamAna hai jisase racanA samayaparaka kiMcit anumAna ko avakAza hai. isakA pratilipikAla saM0 1893 hai. kavi kI hindUmala se kaba aura kahA~ bheTa huI yaha tathya timirAtRta hai. donoM samAnadharmA vyavasAyI the ataH anumita hai ki ajamera meM hI paricaya huA ho aura yaha ghaTanA saM0 1863 se pUrva meM ghaTita huI hai. anyAnya aitihAsika sAdhanoM se pramANita hai ki udayapura ke mahArANA ne bIkAnera nareza ratnasiMhajI (rAjya kAla saM0 1885-1908) se viziSTa kAryavaza hindUmalajI ko vi0 saM0 1866 meM mAMgA thA, para paramasukharAya kA paricaya itaH pUrva ghaniSTha ho cUkA thA jaisA ki hAtamacaritra se spaSTa hai. hindUmala dvArA nAMvAsara meM ekalakSa mudrA vyaya kara maMdira aura durga nirmANa karavAne kA ullekha hAtamacaritra meM hI milatA hai. kRSNacaritra aura hAtamacaritra kA racanAkAla saM01863 se pUrva kA hai. AgAmI paMktiyoM meM donoM kRtiyoM kA vivaraNa diyA jA rahA hai : hAtamacaritra dohA zrIgaNapati sidhi karana heM vighna harana suSadAya / tinake carana nivAi sira kahata paramasuSarAya // 1 // puna pada sarasija sAradA baMdauM prIta sameta / kahauM rucira pada hita sarasa para upakArini keta / / 2 / / savaiyA locana lolasujyota karahi rasanA rasa svAda racaya savai / puna jJAna doyeM hari rUpa larSe pada-paMkaja baMda anaMdamai / / zrava jIva tave cuna Adi kyio kuci-kSIra bhare jaba peTa bhaI / asisa bhyarthanAthako nAma liye muda maMgala hota jinheM nitaI / caupAI mAlama yaha mulaka sakala suSarAsI, nayara saTorA ke hama vaasii| kAyatha mAthura jAta hamArI dhagaroTIyA alla ati pyArI / / SANpal T imro Jain Ede A Ubrary.org
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________________ Jain Ed anta bhAga muni kAntisAgara : ajamera-samIpavartI kSetra ke katipaya upekSita hindI sAhityakAra : 853 kisunada pitu dharma-dhuraMdhara sadAvarta hari bhajana dayAkara / ati susIla budhivaMta ghanerA hIrAcaMda bhrAta vaDa merA // amila ratna jibhi ara gunasAgara jagata vidita jasa kIti ujAgara | mahamadasAhi navAba su laSakara kaMpU sAta savArA bahAdara // potadAra to kate bhae mAravAra 5 DArahi gaeM / aha mevAr3a desa visesA jAnata sakala seTha bhA aisA / / ati husayAra subuddha pravInAM syAmalAla suta bhagavatI dInhauM / bIkAnera surAja suhAyo hindumala vakIla bhAyo // kare naukarI tinakI manase rarSaM na aura vAsatA kina sa~ / mana vaca karma kAja kara soI svAMmi dharma aisA nahi koI // nAMvAsera maMdira karavAyo ekalASa maiM kilA dujA gaDha ToMka su tAmeM savAlASa laga rUpA sAMbhara maiM tIratha de dAMnI tahA~ maMdara dvijarAja satya sidhu mana kapaTa na tAke deI na sakai mana vaNAyo / svAmeM / / bhavAMnI dohA suSada bhrAta maMjhale sarasa mAnakacanda sunAma / gharako kAraja te kare sava sidhi rasapa tamAMma // cIpAI meM paDha hindI aura phArasI sera kavita milI ArasI / sava kAmina meM sajI tyArI jvAba svAla meM ati husyArI / / vanAMmI asi seTha rIyAMke vasa ajamera suvAsa hyAMke / rAja kaMpanI sava suSadArI ajA-siMgha jala piya ika ThAI // doIlApakA dAvA tina para kIyau gumAstA jAla vaNAMkara / tA kAraNa hamakoM bulavAye bhayo nisApha seTha suSa pAye / / lASanikera mukadamA kInAM raheM adAlati maiM jasa lInAM / sAhiba loga raheM nita rAjI je insApha mArga suSa sAjI || hAtama kI kitAba hama pAI liSI phArasI bAta suhAI / karoM hindavI yoM mana AvA carita nIra jimi hoi talAvA / / para hita Apana duSa sahai kare aura ko kAja / tAko sASIM graMtha yahI kahA vanauM tihi rAja || varanahuM kahA tihi rAjakoM sASI su sava yaha graMtha haiM / jo sunahIM para hita nA kareM pASAMna Ura matimaMda haiM / / kaha prema jagamaiM sAra doIka nAMma hari UpagAra haiM / ika va jIbha se ika saktisoM jAneM na musakala bhAra haiM / / soraThA leve to lehu rAma nAma sodA sarasa / deta vane to dehu dAna mAMna upigAra // iti zrIhAtamacaritra premakRte saptama savAla mitimA // doja somavAsare saMvata 1822 sampUrNa Site Shevary.org
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________________ 854 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya bhAgavata-dazamaskaMdha-kRSNacaritra zrAdi gaNapati ju siddhikara riddhi suSa navanidhya maMgaladAyakaM / jihike sumira hai kAja subha asi deva heva sava lAyakaM / / pada kaMja baMda anaMda manakahUM kRSNacaritra manoharaM / bhavasiMdhU tArana karana pAvana deta soM sadagati paraM / / dohA sarasvati caranani nAi sira mAMgoM buddha rasu suddha / kahauM carita zrIkRSNa ke navarasa sarasa prasiddha / savaiyA parvata nIla sakala kara kajjala siMdhunikI dAvAta banAve / deva virakSani DArani leSini bhUmi supatra vizAlau jAve / / sArada tAsa liSe hinisibAsara to pi na tAko pAra na Ave / neti kahe te veda purAMna su snacaritra paramasuSa pAve / / anta bhAga dohA deSI mahimA prathama jo sumira su vAra-bAra / uTha draga Sole deSa taba, zrImukuMda karatAra / / soraThA puna-puna mAtha navAi hAtha jor3a gadagada giraa| prema magana mana bhAi lAgai astuti kirana ko| iti zrI bhAgavatamahApurAne dazamaskaMdhe paramahaMsa saMhitAyAM vatsAharaNau nAma trayodasaudhyAya. upasaMhAra jaisA ki isa nibaMdha ke prArambhika aMza meM kahA jA cukA hai ki vijJapti aura Adeza patroM ko svatantra racanA ke rUpa meM sthAna nahIM diyA hai. kizanagar3ha masUdA aura rUpanagara jaina-saMskRti ke kendra rahe haiM. jo bhI vidvAn munirAja ke sUcita sthAnoM meM cAturmAsa hote the ve apane pUjya guruvaryoM ko apanI orase yA zrIsaMgha kI orase vistRta AmaMtraNa-patra bhijavAte the. ye patra bhAratIya sAhitya kI amUlya nidhi haiM. Aja to patra bhI sAhitya kI vyAkhyA meM samAviSTa haiM, para una dinoM ke patra to sAhitya, saMskRti aura kalA ke anyatama pratIka samajhe jAte the. tAtkAlika mahattvapUrNa rAjanaitika, sAmAjika aura dhArmika bAtoM kA prAmANika ullekha aise patroM meM milatA hai. katipaya patra to mahAkAvya kI saMjJA se abhihita kiye jA sakate haiM. ajamera samIpavartI kSetra se saMbaddha aise do patroM kA ullekha karanA Avazyaka jAna par3atA hai. prathama patra mahopAdhyAya zrI meghavijayajI kA hai jinake jIvana kA bahumUlya bhAga kizanagar3ha meM hI vyatIta huA thA. itane kumArasaMbhava kI pUtti svarUpa eka pANDityapUrNa vijJapti patra saMskRta bhASA meM apane AcArya ke pAsa saM0 1756 meM bhejA thA, FESEA Jain EducAX
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________________ muni kAntisAgara : ajamera-samIpavartI kSetra ke katipaya upekSita hindI sAhityakAra : 855 isakI ekamAtra prati mere saMgraha meM surakSita hai. isakA Ajataka kahIM ullekha nahIM huA hai. patra svalikhita hai, isase isakA mahattva aura bhI bar3ha jAtA hai. dUsarA patra hai kalyANamaMdira samasyApUrti svarUpa. yaha bhI vijJapti patra hai jo masUdA se saM0 1778 meM AcArya zrI kSamAbhadrasUri kI sevA meM ajabasAgara, IzvarasAgara, anUpasAgara, tathA gokala, godA aura vaSatA kI ora se bhejA gayA hai. uparyukta munivara adhikatara sathANA aura masUdA meM rahe haiM. inakI likhI aura racI kRtiyAM upalabdha haiM. sathANA se bhI ajabasAgara ne saM0 1777 meM eka saMskRta bhASA meM racita vArSika patra preSita kiyA thA, jo mere saMgraha meM hai. rUpanagara ke bIsoM Adeza patra tathA udayapura ke yatiyoM para samaya-samaya para vahAM ke rahanevAle yatiyoM dvArA likhita patroM kI saMkhyA kama nahIM hai. ye patra usa samaya kI paristhiti ke acche nidarzana to haiM hI, sAtha hI bhASA vaijJAnika dRSTi se bhI upAdeya hai. uparyukta paMktiyoM meM yathAzakya jo kucha bhI ajJAta sAhityakAra aura unakI racanAoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai, merA vizvAsa hai ki hindI bhASA kI vyApakatA ko dekhate hue yadi zodha kI jAya to aura bhI pracura aura navya sAhityika sAmagrI milane kI pUrNa saMbhAvanA hai. vijJoM se nivedana hai ki ve svakSetra ke upekSita sAhityikoM para anusaMdhAna kara nUtana Aloka se sArasvatoM kI ujjvala kItti ko prazasta banAveM. nibaMdha meM ullikhita kavi aura unakI racanAeM jinaraMgasUrijI dharmadatta catuHpadI racanAkAla saM0 1737, kizanagar3ha meghavijayajI gaNi meghIyapaddhati mAnasiMhajI sphuTa-pada rAjyakAla saM0 1700-1763 rAjasiMhajI brajavilAsa racanAkAla saM0 1788 rAjA paMcaka kathA racanAkAla saM0 1787 ke pUrva sphuTa-pada, sphuTa kavitta brajadAsI-bAMkAvatI sAlavajuddha, AzISa saMgraha racanAkAla saM0 1783 sphuTa kavittAdi bir3adasiMhajI gItigoviMda TIkA rAjyakAla saM0 1838-1845 kalyANasiMhajI sphuTa-pada rAjyakAla 1854-98 pRthvIsiMhajI " 1897-1936 javAnasiMhajI rasataraMga jalvaye zahanazAha izka racanAkAla saM0 1945 nakhazikha-zikhanakha "saM0 1946 dhamAra zataka (saMkalana) yajJanArAyaNasiMhajI sphuTa pada, rasiyA rAjyakAla saM0 1983-65 nAniMga majalisa zikSA racanAkAla saM0 1760 paMcAyaNa muhUrta koza racanAkAla saM0 1815, ajamera vijayakIttijI bharata bAhubalI saMvAda racanAkAla saM0 1823 ke pUrva ajamera gaja sukamAla caritra jasarAja bhATa rAjArAma tilokasI saMgha nIsAnI racanAkAla saM0 1878 ke pUrva nibaMdha meM prayukta sabhI hastalikhita granthoM ko pratiyAM lekhaka ke nijI saMgraha kI haiM. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ vardhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI vidyAvAcaspati vyAkhyAna kesarIsamAjaratna nyAyakAvyatIrtha karnATaka sAhitya kI prAcIna paramparA karnATaka prAnta ke prAcIna vidvAnoM ne jainasaMskRti va sAhitya kI rakSA ke lie apanA viziSTa yogadAna diyA hai. Aja bhI jaina purAtattva, sAhitya, sthApatyakalA Adi ke darzana jo isa prAMta meM hote haiM unase vizva kA samasta bhAga Azcaryacakita hotA hai. bhagavAn bAhubalI kI vizAlakAya mUtti, belUra kAla ke mandira, muDabidrI kI darzanIya navaratnanirmita anarthya ratnapratimAe~, Adi Aja bhI isa prAMta ke vaiziSTya ko vyakta karate haiM. jaina sAhitya ke sRjana aura saMrakSaNa kA zreya bhI isa prAnta ko adhikatara milanA cAhiye, kyoMki SaT-khaNDAgama sadRza Agama-graMtha kI surakSA kevala isa prAMta ke zraddhAlu bandhuoM kI kRpA se hI ho sakI, yaha eka svatantra viSaya hai. isa lekha kA viSaya kevala karnATakasAhitya kI paramparA kA avalokana karanA hai. karnATaka-sAhitya kI paramparA vaise to karnATaka-sAhitya kI paramparA kA sambandha bahuta prAcIna kAla se jor3A jAtA hai. bhagavAn AdinAtha prabhu kI kanyA brAhmI ne kannaDa lipi kA nirmANa kiyA, isa prakAra kA eka kathana paramparA se, itihAsAtIta kAla se sunane meM AtA hai, parantu Aja hameM aitihAsika dRSTi se isa sAhitya kI paramparA kitanI prAcIna hai, isakA vicAra karanA hai. aneka graMthoM ke avalokana se yaha avagata hotA hai ki prAcIna AcArya yuga meM karnATaka graMthakartAoM kA bhI astitva thA. karnATaka-sAhitya-nirmiti kA sarvaprathama zreya jaina graMthakAroM ko hI milanA cAhie. isa viSaya meM Aja ke sAhityajagat meM koI matabheda nahIM hai. kevala prAcInatA ke lie hI nahIM, viSaya va pratipAdana mahattva ke lie bhI Aja karnATaka meM jaina sAhitya ko hI prathama sthAna diyA jA sakatA hai. isalie Aja aneka vizvavidyAlayoM ke paThana-krama meM jainasAhityagraMtha hI niyukta hue haiM. jainetara niSpakSa vidvAnoM ne jaina sAhitya kI muktakaNTha se aneka bAra prazaMsA kI hai. isa dRSTi se karnATaka jaina sAhitya kI paramparA bahuta prAcIna aura mahattvapUrNa hai, yaha nirvivAda siddha hotA hai. prAcInakAla meM isa sAhitya ke nirmAtA jaina kaviyoM ko rAjAzraya milA thA ataH gaMga, pallava, rASTra kUTa Adi rAjavaMzoM ke rAjyakAla meM ina kaviyoM ko vizeSa protsAhana milA. ina kaviyoM se una rAjAoM ko apane rAjyazakaTa ko nidhi rUpa se calAne ke lie bala milA, yaha vividha ghaTanAoM se siddha hotA hai. rASTra kUTa zAsaka nRpatuga nauvIM zatAbdI meM huA hai, usane kavirAjamArga kI racanA kI hai. usake ullekhoM se anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki usase pahale bhI karnATaka sAhitya kI racanA huI hai. usase pahale purAne kannaDa jisako 'have kannaDa' ke nAma se kahA jAtA hai, usameM graMthoM kI racanA hotI thI. kavirAjamArga meM nRpatuga ne kucha have kannaDa kAbyoM ke prakAra kA nirdeza kiyA hai. isake alAvA kucha prAcIna kaviyoM kA ullekha bhI graMthakAra ne kiyA hai. A RANAL DATE HAWAT MIRRNA Jain Edtican .. mamSMETHINGTONION LIVEVRUSamaysetores IIT1111111111:MITTRITISHTRITTunwliaTI mutaneselibrary.org mmmmi MI...Im alliA...
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________________ Jain on vardhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI : karnATaka sAhitya kI paramparA 857 zrIvijaya, kaviparamezvara, paMDitacandra, lokapAla Adi kaviyoM kA smaraNa kiyA hai. mahAkavi pampa ne bhI samantabhadra, kaviparameSThI, pUjyapAda Adi kaviyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai. samantabhadra aura pUjyapAda kA samaya bahuta prAcIna hai. ina AcAryoM kI janmabhUmi aura karmabhUmi karnATaka kI rahI hai, isIlie anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki ina AcAryoM ne bhI koI karnATaka bhASA meM apanI racanA kI ho, parantu abhI koI upalabdha nahIM hai. pUjyapAda ke kaI graMthoM para karnATakaTIkA upalabdha hotI hai, samantabhadra ke graMthoM para bhI purAne kannaDa meM TIkA likhI gaI hai. isalie yaha sahaja anumAna ho sakatA hai ki inake kAla meM bhI karnATaka sAhitya kI sRSTi huI ho. nRpaturaMga ke dvArA ullikhita zrIvijaya ne bhI koI karnATakagraMtha kI racanA kI hogI, yaha bhI spaSTa hai, jisakA ullekha aneka sthaloM meM uttara granthakAra karate haiM. ina kaviyoM ke sAtha kavIzvara yA kaviparameSThI kA jo ullekha AtA hai vaha bhI prAcIna kavi mAlUma hotA hai. yaha bhI nirvivAda hai ki mahApurANakAra bhagavajjinasena aura guNabhadra se bhI pahile isakI racanA astitva meM hogI, aura mahattvapUrNa sthAna ko lekara, kyoMki bhagavajjinasena ne bhI apane AdipurANa meM isakA ullekha Adara ke sAtha kiyA hai saH pUjyaH kavibhiDe kapInAM paramezvaraH vAgartha saMgrahaM kRtsnaM purANaM yaH samagrahIt / isI prakAra uttarapurANa meM AcArya guNabhadra ne kavi paramezvara kA ullekha kiyA hai. ina ullekhoM se spaSTa hai ki puruSoM ke purANa kA kathana karane vAlA graMtha AcArya jinasena aura guNabhadra se bhI pahale avazya kavi parameSThI ke dvArA racita rahA hogA, vaha karnATaka bhASA meM thA. vaha bhale hI saMkSipta ho, parantu bhagavajjinasenAcArya ne usakA vistAra kiyA. bhadrAdika se kaI zatI pahile se hI karnATaka graMthoM kI racanA meM pAye jAte haiM. tatpUrva ke aneka zilAlekha bhI pAye jAte haiM. haiM. phira bhI dudaiva hai ki samagra sAhitya upalabdha nahIM hotA hai. vizeSa paricaya se svatantra graMtha bana jAyagA. jaina kaviyoM ne hai, Adikavi pampa ne campU kAvya se hI apanI kalA kA zrIgaNeza kiyA hai. ina saba bAtoM ko likhane kA hamArA abhiprAya yaha hai ki karnATaka sAhitya kI paramparA bahuta prAcIna hai. jinasena guNahotI rahI, isa bAta ke ullekha uttara kAlavartI graMthoM yatra-tatra granthoM meM una prAcIna graMthoM ke uddharaNa bhI milate isa sambandha meM yahA~ para hama digdarzana mAtra karA dete haiM. karnATaka bhASA meM gadyakAvya aura padyakAvya kI racanA kI paMcamahAkavi mahAkavi ne kri0 za0 641 meM AdipurANa aura pampacarita kI racanA kI hai, unakI ye racanAyeM campU meM haiM. campUkAvya kA yahI janaka pratIta hotA hai. isakI racanA ko karnATaka sAhitya meM vizeSa mahattva kA sthAna hai. pampa mUlataH vaidika thA, arthAt isake pUrvaja vaidika the, parantu isake pitA zrI abhirAma ne jaina dharma kI mahattA se prabhAvita hokara use aMgIkAra kiyA. isalie pampa ke jIvana meM jaina dharma kA hI saMskAra vizeSataH dRSTigocara hotA hai. sabase pahale mahAkavi ne AdipurANa kI racanA kI hai, AdipurANa kI racanA prAyaH bhagavajjinasena ke dvArA viracita AdipurANa ke kathA vastu ko sAmane rakhakara pampa ne kI hai. parantu zailI usakI svatantra hai. jaise saMskRta mahApurANa meM AcArya ne kevala kathAsAhitya kA hI nirmANa nahIM kiyA sAtha meM dharmAcaraNa aura tattvabodha kI dRSTi bhI rahI, isI prakAra pampa ne apane grantha meM sAhitya aura dharmabodha, donoM uddezyoM ko sAdhA hai. zrAdipurANa meM bhI bhagavAn Adiprabhu kA caritra bahuta sarasa DhaMga se citrita kiyA gayA hai, bhoga aura yoga kA sundara sAmaMjasya karate hue kavi ne graMtha meM 1. AdipurANa parva 1 zlo0 60. DATT ona wwwwwwwiiinn celibrary.org
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________________ wwwwwwwwwww 858 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya sarvatra bhoga-riti kA upadeza diyA hai. isakI dUsarI racanA pampacarita hai. isakA viSaya bhArata hai. apane kAlIna rAjA AdikesarI ko arjuna ke sthAna para rakhakara kavi ne sthAna-sthAna para usakI prazaMsA kI hai. arjuna ke sAtha apane rAjA kI tulanA karane kI dhuna meM kahIM-kahIM kathAvastu meM bhI kiMcit antara kavi ko karanA par3A hai, tathApi kAvya ke mahattva meM koI nyUnatA nahIM hai. yaha karnATaka sAhitya meM Adya kavi mAnA jAtA hai. jaina jainetara sarvakSetroM meM pampa ke sAhitya ke prati paramAdara kA sthAna hai, uttara graMthakAroM ne pampa ko bahuta Adara ke sAtha smaraNa kiyA hai. Age jAkara eka kavi ne apane ko abhinava pampa ke nAma se ullekha kiyA hai, isase bhI Adi pampa kI mahattA vyakta hotI hai. kavi ponna pampa ke bAda ponna nAma kA kavi huA. isakA samaya I0 650 karIba mAnA jAtA hai. isane bhI pampa ke samAna hI eka dhArmika aura laukika tathA dUsarA dhArmika, isa prakAra do kAvyoM kI racanA kI hai ,isakI racanA meM mukhyata: zAntinAthapurANa kA ullekha kiyA jA sakatA hai. dUsarA laukika graMtha bhuvanaikarAmAbhyudaya upalabdha nahIM hai. isake alAvA jinAkSaramAlA' nAmaka stotra graMtha ko bhI isane racanA kI hai. isa kavi kA bhI karnATaka sAhityakSetra meM ucca sthAna hai. ise kavicakravartI ubhayabhASA-kavicakravartI Adi upAdhiyAM thIM. uttara kaviyoM ne isakA bhI sAdara smaraNa kiyA hai. kavi ranna ponna ke bAda ranna mahAkavi kA ullekha karanA cAhie. vaha karIba kri0 za0 663 meM huA, yaha jaina vaizya thA. sAmAnya kAsAra kula meM utpanna hone para bhI saMskRta aura kannar3a meM uddAma pAMDitya ko prApta kiyA thA. aneka sundara graMthoM kI racanA kara karnATaka sAhitya-jagat kA isane mahadupakAra kiyA hai. isakI racanAoM meM se kucha upalabdha haiM. ajitanAtha tIrthaMkara purANa, Adi upalabdha haiM, ajya ullikhita parazurAmacarita cakrezvaracarita anupalabdha haiM. yaha bhI karnATaka sAhitya meM ucca sthAna meM gaNanIya kavi hai. pampa, ranna aura ponna ye kannar3a kavi ratnatraya kahalAte haiM isIse inakI mahattA kA anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai. kavi cAmuNDarAya isI samaya ke kavi cAmuMDarAya ne jo ki za0 661 se 684 taka gaMgavADI ke rAjA mArasiMha, rAjamalla kA senApati thA, cAmuMDarAyapurANa kI racanA kI hai. yaha caturviMzati tIrthaMkaroM ke caritra ko varNana karanevAlA gadya-graMtha hai. isa prakAra zivakoTI ne vaDDArAdha ne nAmaka gadyagraMtha kI racanA kI hai. kucha anya kavigaNa isake bAda karIba gyArahaveM zatamAna meM dharmAmRta ke racayitA kavi namasena aura lIlAvatI prabandha ke racayitA nemicandra, kadhigara kAvya ke racayitA aMDamma kA ullekha kiyA jA sakatA hai. inhoMne dharmopadeza dene ke nimitta se vividha prameyoM ko cunakara grantha nirUpaNa kiyA hai. kathA-sAhitya ke sAtha ahiMsAdi dharmoM kA paripoSaNa ina graMthoM se hotA hai. isI yuga meM kucha anya kavi bhI hue haiM, jinhoMne caturviMzati tIrthakaroM ke purANagraMthoM kI racanA kI hai. unameM ullekhanIya kaviyoM kA digdarzana mAtra karAyA jAtA hai, kavikarNapArya ne (1-140) neminAtha purANa, agatadevane (1186) candraprabhapurANa, kavi AcavNa (1165) ne vardhamAna pasaNaDhA, kavi guNavarma (1235) ne puSpadaMta purANa, kavi kamalabhava ne (1235) zAntIzvarapurANa, kavimahAbala ne (1254) neminAtha pasaNaDhA, madhura kavi ne (1385) dharma nAmapurANa kI racanA kI hai. ina sabakI racanAe~ mahattvapUrNa haiM. kavi cakravartI janna kri0 za0 1170 se 1235 ke bIca meM janna mahA kavi ne apanI racanA se karnATaka sAhityajagat kA upakAra kiyA > Jarcati Finadiary.org
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________________ vardhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI : karnATaka sAhitya kI paramparA : 856 hai. isane yazodharacaritra ko likha kara apane racanAkauzala ko vyakta kiyA hai. isakA prameya yazastilakacampU mahAkAvya kA hai. karnATakasAhitya meM janna kI racanA ke lie bhI vahI sthAna prApta hai jo saMskRta sAhitya meM yazastilaka campU ko hai. yaha kavicakravartI upAdhi se vibhUSita huA hai. prAyaH isI samaya hastimalla huA, vaha ubhaya bhASA kavicakravartI thA, usane gadya meM AdipurANa kI racanA kI hai. yaha karIba 1260 meM huA. isake kucha saMskRta graMtha haiM. abhinava pampa nAgacandra 12 veM zatamAna meM nAgacandra nAmaka eka vidvAn kavi huA hai jisane rAmAyaNa kI racanA kI hai. jaina paramparA ke upadezAnusAra nirmita paumacariu raviSeNakRti padmapurANa Adi ke anusAra hI isane rAmAyaNa kI racanA kI hai. isakI racanA bhI sundara huI hai. isane apane ko abhinava pampa ke nAma se ullekha kiyA hai. isane vijayapura meM eka mallinAtha ke jinAlaya kA nirmANa karAyA, usa kI smRti meM mallinAthapurANa kI racanA kI hai. isake bAda 14 veM zataka meM bhAskara kavi ne jIbaMdharacarita kA nirmANa kiyA aura kavi bommarasa ne sanatkumAracaritra aura jIvaMdharacaritra kI racanA kI hai. 16 veM zataka ke prArambha meM maMgarasa kavi ne samyaktvakaumudI, jayanRpakAvya, nemijinezasaMgati, zrIpAlacaritra, prabhaMjanacarita aura sUpazAstra Adi graMthoM kI racanA kI hai. isI prakAra sAkvakavi ne bhArata aura kavidoDDa ne candraprabhacaritra ko isI samaya ke lagabhaga nirmANa kiyA hai. mahAkavi ratnAkara varNI isake bAda mahAkavi ratnAkara varNI kA ullekha bahuta Adara ke sAtha sAhitya jagat meM kiyA jA sakatA hai. isane bharatezvaravaibhava nAmaka bahuta bar3e AdhyAtmika sarasa graMtha kI racanA kI hai. isameM karIba 10 hajAra sAMgatya zloka haiM / kavi kA varNanAcAturya, padalAlitya, bhoga-yoga kA prabhAvaka varNana ullekhanIya hai. isa graMtha ko kavi ne bhogavijaya, digvijaya, yogabijaya, mokSavijaya aura arkakIti vijaya ke nAma se paMca kalyANa ke rUpa meM vibhakta kiyA hai. usakA samaya kri0 za. 1557 kA mAnA jAtA hai. isa mahAkAvya meM kavi ne Adiprabhu ke putra bharatezvara ko apanA kathAnAyaka cunakara usakI dinacaryA kA vRtta atyanta AkarSaka DhaMga se varNana kiyA hai. isa kAvya meM jaise adhyAtma kA parAkASThA kA varNana hai. yaha mahAkAvya AdhyAtmika sarasa kathA hai. lekhaka ke dvArA usakA samagra hindI anuvAda ho cukA hai aura usakI kaI AvRttiyAM prakAzita ho cukI haiM. gujarAtI, marAThI aura aMgrejI meM bhI yaha prakAzita hone jA rahA hai. isI se isa graMtha kI mahattA samajha meM A sakatI hai. isa mahAkAvya ko bhAratIya sAhitya akAdamIne bhI prakAzita karane kA vicAra kiyA hai. usane isa graMtha ke alAvA ratnAkarazataka, aparajinazataka aura trilokazataka nAmaka zatakatraya graMtha kI bhI racanA karake AdhyAtmika jagat kA upakAra kiyA hai. isake bAda sAMgatya chaMda meM aneka kaviyoMne graMtharacanA kI hai-bAhubali kavi ne (1560) nAgakumAra carite, pAyavNavati ne (1606) samyaktvakaumudI, paMcabAla ne (1614) bhujabalacaritra kI racanA kI. isI prakAra candrabha kavi ne (1646) kArkala ke gommaTezacaritra, dharaNIpaMDita ne (1650) vijjaNarAma caritra, nemi paMDita ne (1650) suvicAracarita, cidAnaMda ne (1680) munivaMzAbhyudaya, padmanAbha ne (1680)jinadattarAyacarite, pAyaNa kavi ne (1750) rAmacandracarite, anaMta kavi ne (1780) zravaNavelagola ke gommaTeza caritra, dharaNI paMDita ne varAMgacaritra, vahaNAMva ne jinabhArata, candra sAgara varNI ne (1810) rAmAyaNa kI racanA kI hai. isI ke lagabhaga cAra paMDita ne bhavyajana-cintAmaNi, aura devacandra ne rAjAvalIkathA nAmaka aitihAsika graMtha kI racanA kI hai. pampa ke yuga ko hama campUyuga kaha sakate haiM to ratnAkara varNI ke yuga ko hama sAMgatya kA yuga kaha sakate haiM. do yugapuruSa haiM. 11. . Jain Eddation Intemat
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________________ 860 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-prantha : caturtha adhyAya vibhinna viSaya meM karnATaka sAhitya nRpatuMga ke dvArA viracita 'kavirAjamArga' lakSaNagraMthoM meM kaviyoM ke lie rAjamArga hai, isI prakAra nAgavarma kA chaMdodadhi nAmaka chaMdagraMtha, dUsare nAgavarmakA karnATaka bhASA-bhUSaNa (vyAkaraNa) kAvyAvalokana (alaMkAra) vastukoSa (koSa) bhaTTAkalaMka kA zabdAnuzAsana (vyAkaraNa) kezIrAja kA (1260) malidarpaNa (?) aura sAbva ke dvArA viracita rasaratnAkara (rasaviSayaka) devottamakA nAnArtha ratnAkara (koSa) zRMgAra kavi kA karnATakasaMjIvana (koSa) Adi graMtha karnA. Taka kaviyoM kI vividha vibhAga kI sevAoM ko vyakta karate haiM. isI prakAra vaidyaka, jyotiSa aura sAmudrikAdi zAstroM kI racanA karnATaka ke kaviyoM ne kI hai. unameM bahuta se graMtha anupalabdha haiM, kucha upalabdha haiM. kalyANakAraka (vaidyaka) (somanAtha) hastyAyurveda (zivamAradeva) bAlagrahacikitsA (devendramuni) madanatilaka (candarAja) smarataMtra (janna) Adi graMtha bhI ullekhanIya haiM. isake alAvA dhyAnasArasamuccaya Adi graMthoM kI bhI racanA huI hai. isI prakAra jyotiSasaMbaMdhI racanAoM meM zrIdharAcArya kA jAtakatilaka (1046) cAuNDarAya kA lokopakAraka (sAmdrika) jayabandhunandana kA sUpazAstra, rAjAdityakA gaNitazAstra, arhaddAsa ke dvArA viracita zakunazAstra Adi graMtha bhI ullekhanIya haiM. spaSTa hai ki karnATaka prAMtIya kaviyoM ne bahuta prAcIna kAla se hI sAhitya ke vividha aMgoM kI sevA kara mahAn lokopakAra kiyA hai. bahuta se sAhitya naSTa-bhraSTa hue, avazeSa sAhitya bhI vipula pramANa meM Aja upalabdha haiM. karnATaka prAMta meM jaina sAhitya aura jaina sAhityakAroM ke nAma haraeka sampradAya vAle bahuta gaurava ke sAtha smaraNa kareMge. aisI sthiti kA nirmANa isa paramparA ne kiyA hai. jaina samAja ke lie yaha abhimAna kI cIja hai. parantu yadi hama isa pAvana paramparA kI sukSA karane meM samartha hue to hI hamAre lie bhUSaNa hai. anyathA kevala bapautI kA nAma lekara jInevAlI puruSArthahIna santati kA hI sthAna hamArA hai. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ zrIsuzIlakumAra divAkara ema0 e0, bI0 kAma0, ela-ela0 bI0 kAvya meM adhyAtma jabaki pazcimI sabhyatA ne apanI unnati kI nIMva aura kalaza para jar3a-vAditA kA saMskAra DAlA hai, taba bhArata ne bhautikatA kI dRSTi se pIche hote hue bhI adhyAtma kI nirantara sAdhanA kI hai. isa AdhyAtmikatA meM hI jIvana kI mahAnatA aura amUlyatva nihita hai. bhArata-mandira meM AdhyAtmikatA kA cittAkarSaka gIta nirantara gAyA jA rahA hai. yaha bhAratIya adhyAtma kA hI prabhAva hai ki hamane pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ke lie pUrNa-rUpeNa ajJAta AtmA ke anaMta guNoM kA patA pAyA hai. AtmA jo adRzya aura kevala anubhavagamya hai, bhAratIya maharSiyoM dvArA dekhI gaI aura pahacAnI gaI. jaba pAzcAtya dArzanika kArlAila sadRza vidvAna yaha kahakara santuSTa ho gaye ki 'maiM kyA hUM' isakI ciMtA chor3akara 'mujhe kyA karanA hai' para hI vicAra karanA cAhiye, taba bhAratIya mahAtmAoM aura sarvajJoM ne AtmA kA patA lagAyA. unake isa Atmadarzana meM unakA tyAga, jJAna, ni:spRhatA, dhyAna, tapa, vairAgya, aparigraha, ahiMsA Adi pArasparika paryAyavAcI, sadguNoM kA avasthita rahanA atyanta mahattva kA hai. una mahAvIra, buddha, prabhRti mahAn vyaktiyoM ke samatAdAyaka zubha mArga ko saMskRta, pAlI aura prAkRta ke AcAryoM ne janatA taka pahuMcAne kA saphala prayatna kiyA. bhAratIya vidvAnoM ne apane vizuddha jIvana ke AdhAra para saphala lekhanI dvArA lokapriya bhASA meM janaraMjana aura janahita ke lie asaMkhya kAvyoM kI racanA kI. na kevala racanA kI. varan una gItoM ko gAkara jana-jana kI huttantrI para spaSTa prabhAva aMkita kara pavitratA kI ora unmukha kara diyA. bhAratIya jIvana meM 'santoSa dhana' kI AvAja unhIM vidvAnoM ne bulanda kI. mahArASTra ke kaviyoM ne tAnAjI mAlasure kI senA meM vIra-kAvya gAkara jisa prakAra oja ora joza bharA, bhUSaNa ke rasa se prabhAvita chatrasAla aura zivAjI ne jisa prakAra utsAha pAyA, usase kitanA hI adhika tatkAlIna evaM cirasthAyI prabhAva kaviyoM kA bhAratIya jIvana kI dArzanikatA para par3A. lokabhASA hindI ke kaviyoM ne bhI isa ora kama prayatna nahIM kiye. tulasI ne jagamoha tyAga, kAvyakalA kI upAsanA kara adhyAtma kI ora hI apanI pratibhA-zakaTa ko mor3A. yaha bAta to kathAnaka ke anusAra hI ho gaI ki rAma kA caritragAna karane ke lie, unheM 'mAnasa' meM yadAkadA zRMgAra kA bhI Azraya, 'tirache kari nayana de saina jinheM samajhAya calI, musakAya calI' Adi ke rUpa meM lenA par3A. kavivara banArasIdAsa ke bAre meM unake 'ardhakathAnaka' kAvya se patA lagatA hai ki ve pahale zRMgArI kavi the, parantu bAda meM ve cete aura jaba unheM yaha AbhAsa huA ki zRMgAra-kAvya se na kevala apanA ahita kara rahe haiM varan Age Ane vAlI agaNya pIDhiyoM ko skhalita mArga dikhA rahe haiM, to unhoMne apanA samasta zRMgArakAvya gomatI nadI meM DubAkara santoSa kI sAMsa lI. dekhiye eka divasa mitranha ke sAtha, naukRta pothI lInA hAtha, nIMda gomatI ke bica Ai, pUla ke Upari baiThe jAi / IVIN Jain Education Intemational
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________________ 862 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya wwwwwwwwwww bAMce saba pothI ke bola, taba mana meM yaha uThI kalola, eka jhUTha jo bole koI, naraka jAi dukha dekha soi / maiM to kalpita vacana aneka, kahe jhUTha saba sA~ca na eka, kaise bane hamArI bAta, bhaI buddhi yaha AkasamAta / yaha kahi dekhana lAgyo nadI, potho DAra dai jyoM radI, tisa dina so bAnArasI, karai dharma kI cAha / tajI AsikI phAsikhI, pakarI kula kI rAha / / vaise hI ratnAvalI ke sAMsArika zrRMgAra meM ulajhA aura madamAtA tulasI vyAvahArika adhyAtma meM par3a gayA. zrIkRSNa ke zrRMgAra meM bhI unhoMne adhyAtma-rahasya khojA. sUphI mata ke musalamAna hindI kaviyoM ke bAre meM to yaha bar3I vicitratA rahI hai ki pragAr3ha zRMgAra kA varNana karate hue bhI ve AdhyAtma khoja rahe haiM. malika mohammada jAyasI racita 'padmAvata' isakA jvalaMta udAharaNa hai. usameM padmAvatI rAnI-strI nAyikA meM unhoMne 'iSTadevatA' kI sthApanA kI hai. alAuddIna Adi 'iSTadevatA' se dUra karane kA prayatna karate haiM. parantu 'gorAbAdala' sadguNoM kI sahAyatA se Atmadeva bhImasiMha iSTaprApti meM samartha hote haiM. jAyasI kA 'mAhikA haMsesi koharihi' unakI aTUTa Izvara-bhakti kA parama paricAyaka hai. apanI svAbhAvika zailI se gaMbhIra rahasyoM kA udghATana karate hue unhoMne sAMsArika prema kA digdarzana karAyA hai. eka kavi ne kevala zRMgAra para likha apanI kalama para kalaMka lagAne vAle kaviyoM ko 'kukavi' kaha unakI khUba niMdA kI hai. 'kalA ke lie kalA' kA isase bar3ha kara samartha virodha aura kisa bhASApraNAlI kA ho sakatA hai ? yathA rAga udaya jaga aMdha bhayo, sahaje saba lokana lAja gNvaaii| sIkha binA nara sIkha rahe, vanitA-sukha-sevana kI caturAI / tApara aura race rasa kAvya, kahA kahiye tinako niThurAI / / andha asUjhana kI aMkhiyA mahaM, melata haiM raja rAma duhAI / kaMcana kumbhana kI upamA kahi, deta urojana ko kavi vAre / Upara zyAma vilokata ke maNi, nIlama kI DhakanI Dhaka chaarai| yoM sata baina kahaiM na kupaNDita, ye yuga AmiSa piNDa udhAre / sAdhuna DAra daI muMha chAra, bhae isa heta kindhauM kucha kAre / isI prasaMga meM isa kavi zreSTha ne kavinirmAtA vidhAtA para kaTutama kaTAkSa kiyA hai. ve likhate haiM : he vidhi ! bhUla bhaI tumate, samajhe na kahAM kastUrI bnaaii| dIna kuraMgana ke tana meM, tina daMta dhare karuNA nahIM aaii| kyoM na karI tina jIbhana je rasa-kAvya kareM para ko dukhadAI / sAdhu anugraha durjana daMDa doU sadhate; bisarI caturAI / dhvanita rUpa se sabhI hindI kaviyoM ne 'adhyAtma' purassara sadbhAvanA se prerita ho apanI kAvyakalA kA paricaya diyA hai. satasaI meM kizoriyoM ke keza, kaTi, veNI, bhauMha, nayana, nAsikA, adhara, kapola, vastrAbhUSaNa Adi kA varNana karane vAlA mahAzRMgArI bihArI bhI ise na bhUlA aura (zAyada apanI pUrvakRta galtI ko vicAra kara hI) unhoMne satasaI ke aMtima bhAga meM 'gambhIra ghAva karane vAle' AdhyAtmika chaMdoM kA nirmANa kiyA, yathA ko chUTayo ihi jAla pari kata kuraMga akulAta / jyoM-jyoM surajhi bhajyo cahati, tyoM-tyoM urajhata jAta / CON bAghaNENINNINNINNINNINANINNINNIN _Jain Educationinten For Private Personal Use Only
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________________ budhi anumAna pramANa sulabha gati parabrahma suzIlakumAra divAkara kAvya meM adhyAtma : 863 suti, kiye nIThi ThaharAya / kI, alakha lakhI nahi jAya / bihArI ne nimna padyAMza meM to sAMsArika jIvoM ko paramAtmA kI ora sammukha karane meM kitanI saphalatApUrvaka kalama kI kalA dikhAI hai. bhajana kahayo tAsoM bhajyo, bhajyo na ekI bAra / dUra bhajana jAte kahyo, so tU bhajyo gaMvAra | isa prakAra ke gambhIra padyoM ke AdhAra para hI to bihArI bar3e ghamaNDa se yaha likha pAye the ki sata saiyA ke doharA, aru nAvika ke tIra, dekhata meM choTe lageM, ghAva kareM gambhIra | isa prasaMga para rASTrakavi kabIra ko kauna bhUla sakatA hai ? unake nimna likhita chanda kAmI aura pragAr3ha saMsArI ke bhI aMtara-cakSu khola dete haiM kastUrI kuNDala baseM mRga DhUMDhe bana mAMhi, aise ghaTa ghaTa rAma haiM duniyAM dekheM nAhi / pAkhaMDiyoM Adi ko kabIra kI phaTakAra cetAvanI detI hai isa prakAra bhArata ne apane anaikya ke dinoM meM bhI kiyA hai : muDamuDA hari mile, saba koI leya muMDAya, bAra-bAra ke mUMDate bher3a na baikuTha jAya / nAma bhajo to aba bhajau bahuri bhajauge kaba, harihara harihara rukhar3e IMdhana ho gaye saba / kahA cunAva mer3hiyA lAMbI, bhIti usAri, ghara to sAr3he tIna hatha, ghanAta paune cAri / sAdhu bhayA to kyA bhayA bole nahIM vicAra, hA~ parAI AtamA bAMdhi jIbha taravAra // jahA~ hama zAstroM kI bAtoM para ekadama avizvAsa kara lete haiM, vahAM rASTrakavi maithilIzaraNa gupta kI tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke zarIra meM dugdha sadRza rakta para zraddhAsUcaka kAvya dekhie yaha tanu tohe raktamAMsamaya, usameM bharA huA hai dugdha / bAlyabhAva se hI, jina, yaha jana, A jAtA hai huA vimugdha || unakI 'bhAratabhAratI' meM bhAratIya AdhyAtmika patana aura pAzcAtya bhautika Agamana para jo hArdika duHkha chipA hai vaha eka mahAn sandeza bhAratIyoM ko de rahA hai. jayazaMkaraprasAda ne to bhAratIya paramparA meM dharma kA kitanA sundara citraNa kiyA hai dharma kA le lekara jo nAma huA karatI bali, karadI banda / hamIM ne diyA zAMti sandeza, sukhI hote dekara Ananda / yavana ko diyA dayA kA dAna, cIna ko milI dharma kI dRSTi / milA thA svarNa bhUmiko ratna, zIla kI siMhala ko bhI sRSTi / adhyAtma-saMdeza ko deza-dezAntara meM prasArita karane kA sakriya prayatna kiyA thA. hindU-muslima rASTrakavi maithilIzaraNa ne kyA hI tarkapUrNa zabdoM meM 'gurukula' meM sneha saMvardhana kA prayatna hindU ho yA musalamAna, nIca rahegA phira bhI nIca / manuSyatA sabake bhItara hai mAnya mahI maNDala ke bIca / mAnavatA kI pAvana kalpanA ko kAvya meM utArakara kavi ne bar3A upakAra kiyA. daulatarAma kavi to samUce jIva-tattva Jain EduSalsaNENNENENANANENTENN wwwww ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
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________________ 864 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya ko hI adhyAtmayoga ke bhItara gabhita karane lage. ahiMsA pratipAdana meM unakA nimna padyAMza mahattva rakhatA hai : SaTakAya jIva na hanana te, saba vidhi daraba hiMsI ttrii|" kyoMki banArasI ke zabdoM meM choTe bar3e jIva saba eka haiM, yathA : jJAna nayana teM dekhie dIna hIna nahiM koI / ata: daulatarAma Age bar3hate haiM. ve saMsAra ke cakra meM bhautikatA arthAt mithyAbhAva meM ulajhe hue prANI ko saMtoSa, sukha arthAt nirAkulatA kA vAstavika mArga ina zabdoM meM dikhA rahe haiM Atama ko hita hai sukha, so sukha AkulatA bina kahiye / AkulatA ziva mAMhi na tAte ziva maga lAgyo cahiye / / isa ziva-maga meM hI zAzvata kalyANa hogA. na ki pazcimI bhautikatA-pracura mithyApUrNa, asaMtoSadAyaka jar3atA meM. bhalA koyalA, lohA aura sImenTa Adi jar3a cIjeM caitanyapuMja AtmA ko kyA de sakatI haiM ? hAM, jar3atA avazya de sakeMgI. isIlie to ananta nidhidhArI mAnavAtmA Aja jar3avAdI athavA jar3a banatA jA rahA hai. usakI buddhi para paradA par3a gayA hai. vaha jaganmithyAtva meM bhUlakara apanI amUlya mAnava paryAya ko yoM hI jar3a vastuoM kI sAdhanA meM naSTa kara rahA hai. ataH daulatarAma jI apanI "anuprekSAciMtana" meM use jatAte hue likhate haiM : "yauvana gRha godhana nArI, haya gaya jana AjJAkArI / indrIya bhoga china-thAI, suradhanu capalA capalAI / sura asura khagAdhipa jete, mRga jyoM hari kAla dlete| maNi maMtra taMtra bahu hoI, marate na bacAvai koI // cahuM gati dukha jIva bhare haiM, parivartana paMca kare haiM / saba vidhi saMsAra asArA, tAme sukha nAhi lagArA / zubha azubha karama phala jete, bhoge jiya ekahiM tete / suta dArA hoya na sIrI saba svAratha ke haiM bhiirii| jala-paya jyoM jiya-tana melA, pai bhinna-bhinna nahiM bhelaa| ye to prakaTa jude dhana dhAmA kyoM ho ika mila suta-rAmA / pala rudhira rAdha mala thelI, kIkasa basAdi te mlii| nava dvAra bahai ghinakArI asi deha kareM kima yArI / isa prakAra mithyAtva aura Atyantika jAgatikatA se hameM saceta kara hindI ke sukaviyoM ne bhAratIya jIvana meM saMtoSa Adi sadguNoM kA avicchinna sAmrAjya phailAyA hai. Jain Education Intemational -
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________________ TARNINDIAHINITITUDIST DA0 jyotiprasAda jaina ema0 e0, ela-ela0 bI0, pI-eca0 DI0, lakhanaU jaina kathAsAhitya ANSWEARNI vizva ke sampUrNa sAhitya ko leM, athavA kisI bhI deza, jAti yA bhASA ke sAhitya ko leM, unakA bahubhAga evaM sarvAdhika janapriya aMza kisI na kisI rUpa meM racita usakA kathAtmaka sAhitya hI pAyA jAtA hai. mAtra laukika sAhitya ke kSetra meM hI yaha sthiti nahIM hai varan tathAkathita dhArmika sAhitya ke sambandha meM bhI yahI bAta pAI jAtI hai. sAhitya ke sAtha jaina vizeSaNa kI upasthiti yaha sUcita karatI hai ki yahA~ jaina nAma se prasiddha dhArmika-paramparA vizeSa kA sAhitya abhipreta hai. yaha paramparA cirakAla se usa atyanta prAcIna evaM vizuddha bhAratIya sAMskRtika dhArA kA pratinidhitva karatI AI hai jo 'zramaNa' nAma se prasiddha rahI hai. isa nivRttipradhAna paramparA meM AtmasvAtantrya evaM zramapUrvaka Atmazodhana para atyadhika bala diyA gayA hai aura apanI inhIM vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa usane tathAkathita hindu dharma kI jananI bhoga evaM pravRttipradhAna brAhmaNa vaidika saMskRti se apanA pRthak astitva banAye rakkhA. kyoMki isa jaina zramaNaparamparA kA mUla uddezya vaiyaktika jIvana kA naitika evaM AdhyAtmika unnayana thA. usakI dRSTi kevala sAmUhika lokajIvana athavA kisI varga yA samAja vizeSa taka hI sImita nahIM rahI varan usane pratyeka jIvAtmA ko vyaktizaH sparza karane kA prayatna kiyA. yahI kAraNa hai ki isa paramparA dvArA prerita, sRjita, pracArita evaM saMrakSita sAhitya bhAratavarSa kI prAyaH samasta prAcIna evaM madhyakAlIna bhASAoM meM pracura mAtrA meM upalabdha hai. prAkRta, saMskRta, apabhraMza, kannaDa, tAmila, rAjasthAnI, gujarAtI, hindI Adi bhASAoM ke vikAsa evaM unake sAhityika bhaMDAra kI abhivRddhi meM jaina sAhityakAroM kA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna hai. vipula jaina sAhitya kevala tAttvika, dArzanika yA dhArmika kriyAkANDa se hI sambandhita nahIM hai, varan bhAratIya jJAnavijJAna kI prAyaH pratyeka zAkhA para racita adhikArapUrNa racanAeM usameM samAviSTa haiM. tattvajJAna, adhyAtma, lokaracanA, bhUgola, khagola, jyotiSa, mantrazAstra sAmudrika, zilpazAstra, nyAya, tarka, chanda, vyAkaraNa, kAvyazAstra, alaMkAra, koSa, Ayurveda, padArthavijJAna, pazupakSizAstra, vanaspatizAstra, itihAsa, rAjanIti Adi prAyaH pratyeka tatkAlapracalita viSaya para jaina vidvAnoM kI samartha lekhanI calI aura unhoMne bhAratI ke bhaMDAra ko bharA. kintu jainasAhitya kA lokadRSTi se sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa, rocaka evaM janapriya aMza usakA kathA-sAhitya hai jaina-kathAsAhitya atyanta vizAla, vyApaka, vibhinna bhASAmaya evaM vividha hai. lokakathAe~, dantakathAeM, naitika AkhyAyikAeM, premAkhyAna, sAhasika kahAniyA~, pazu pakSiyoM kI kahAniyA~, amAnavI-devI devatAoM sambandhI kahAniyA~, upanyAsa, nATaka, kAvya, campU, dUhA, DhAla, rAse, vyaGga, rUpaka, pratIkAtmaka AkhyAna, ityAdi samaya-samaya evaM pradeza-pradeza athavA bhASA-bhASA meM pracalita vividha zailiyoM evaM rUpoM meM jaina kathAsAhitya upalabdha hai. svatantra kathAeM bhI haiM aura aneka kathAoM kI paraspara sambaddha zRMkhalAeM bhI haiM. kucha choTI-choTI kahAniyA~ haiM to kucha paryApta bar3I. jaina kathAoM kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki ve vizuddha bhAratIya haiM aura aneka bAra zuddha dezaja haiM. isake atirikta paryApta saMkhyA meM ve pUrNatayA maulika haiM. kabhI-kabhI mahAbhArata Adi jainetara granthoM se bhI kathAsrota grahaNa kiye gaye haiM. (yathA nala-damayantI kI kathA) maukhika dvAra se pracalita lokakathAoM ko bhI aneka bAra AdhAra banAyA gayA hai kintu Jain Edt
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________________ nthrbrbr br thrthr ththr 866 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya unheM apane (jaina) rUpa meM DhAla kara hI prastuta kiyA gayA hai. jainakathAkAra bahuta kucha svataMtra evaM unmukta hotA hai. bauddhakathAkAra kI bhA~ti usapara koI pratibaMdha nahIM hotA. prAyaH pratyeka bauddhakathA kisI na kisI bodhisattva ko kendrabindu mAnakara calatI hai. kintu koI bhI kathAnaka ho, koI aura kaise bhI pAtra hoM athavA kaisA bhI ghaTanAkrama yA sthiticitraNa ho, jaina kathAkAra maje se apanI kahAnI eka rocaka evaM vastuparaka DhaMga se kahatA calatA hai, kevala kahAnI ke anta meM prasaMgavaza kucha dArzanikatA kA pradarzana, athavA puNya ke suphala aura pApa ke kuphala kI ora saMketa kara diyA jAtA hai athavA koI naitika niSkarSa nikAla liyA jAtA hai yA yaha sUcita kara diyA jAtA hai ki prastuta kathA amuka dhArmika mAnyatA yA siddhAnta kA eka dRSTAnta hai. apanI isa unmukta svatantratA ke kAraNa jIvana kI prAyaH pratyeka bhautika, mAnasika, bauddhika yA bhAvanAtmaka paristhiti ko jainakathAkAra apanI kathA meM AtmasAta kara letA hai aura phalasvarUpa aneka jainakathAeM janajIvana ke prAyaH pratyeka aMga ko sparza kara letI haiM. ataH AbAlavRddha, strIpuruSa, janasAdhAraNa ke svastha manoraMjana kA sAdhana bana jAtI haiM aura lokapriya ho jAtI haiM. manoraMjana ke misa kisI tAttvika, dArzanika, saiddhAntika yA naitika tathya kI chApa zrotA ke mastiSka para DAlane ke apane uddezya meM usake bahudhA saphala ho jAne kI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai. TAne, harTala, nhUlara, lyUmena tessitori, jaikobI Adi aneka yUropIya prAcyavidoM ne jaina kathAsAhitya ke kSetra meM mahattvapUrNa gaveSaNAe~ kI haiM. pUrvamadhyakAla meM hI aneka jainakathAe~ bhArata ke pazcimI taTa se araba pahu~cIM, vahA~ se IrAna aura IrAna se yUropa pahuMcI. aneka jainakathAoM ko tibbata, hindaeziyA, rUsa, yUnAna, sisalI aura iTalI ke tathA bahUdiyoM ke sAhitya meM cInha liyA gayA evaM khoja nikAlA gayA hai. jainakathAsAhitya ke adhyayana se yaha bhI spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki yaha sAhitya akhila bhAratIya saMskRti se ghanivRtayA sambandhita hai aura isI kAraNa vibhinna kAloM evaM pradezoM ke janajIvana kA jaisA pratibimba ina jaina kathAoM meM milatA hai vaisA anyatra durlabha hai. . purANoM, paurANika caritroM, khaMDakAvyoM mahAkAvyoM, nATakoM Adi ko na gineM to bhI saikar3oM svatamba kathAeM haiM aura saikar3oM hI choTI-bar3I kathAnoM ke saMgraha hai. kevala vikramaviSayaka 60 kathAe~ milatI haiM aura kevala mainA-sundarI evaM zrIpAla ke kathAnaka ko lekara 50 se adhika pustakeM likhI jA cukI haiM. aneka kathAsaMgrahoM meM 100 se 200 taka kathAe~ saMgrahIta haiM, kisI kisI meM 360 haiM jisase ki vaktA pratidina eka ke hisAba se pUre varSabhara zrotAoM kA nitya navIna kyA se manoraMjana karatA rahe. jaina kathA sAhitya ke pradhAna mUlasrota painnAo ko tathA zivArya kI 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' ko mAnA jAtA hai. guNADhya kI prasiddha bRhatkathA kA AdhAra kANAbhUti dvArA bhUtabhASA meM racita jisa grantha ko mAnA jAtA hai vaha jaina vidvAn kANAbhikSu kA hI prAkRta kathAgrantha rahA pratIta hotA hai. zve0 AgamasUtra evaM diga0 paurANika sAhitya bhI aneka jaina kathAoM ke udgama srota rahe haiM. prasiddha evaM mahattvapUrNa jainakavA granthoM meM hariSeNa kA hatyAkoSa, prabhAcandra, zrIcandra nemidata Adi ke ArAdhanAkathAkoSa, jinezvara sUri evaM bhadrezvarasUri kI kathAvaliyoM, rAmacandra kA puSyAkhayakathAkoSa ityAdi ullekhanIya hai. svatantra kathAoM meM taraMgavatI kahA, samarAiccakahA, dhUrtAkhyAna, kuvalayamAlA, upamitibhavaprapaMcakathA, dharmaparIkSA, samyaktvakaumudI, tilakamaMjarI, dharmAmRta, zukasaptati, ratnacUDa kI kathA Adi vizeSa mahattvapUrNa haiM.
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________________ paM. kundanalAla jaina AyurvedAcArya Ayurveda kA uddezya : saMyamasAdhanA jaina tIrthaMkaroM kI vANI-upadeza-viSayoM ke vibhAgoM ke anusAra moTe-moTe 12 vibhAgoM meM vibhakta kI gaI hai, jinheM jaina Agama kI paribhASA meM 'dvAdazAMga' kahate haiM. ina 12 aMgoM meM bArahavA~ aMga 'dRSTivAda' hai. dRSTivAda ke pAMca bheda isa bhAMti haiM--1 pUrvagata 2 sUtra 3 prathamAnuyoga 4 parikarma 5 cUlikA. pUrva 14 haiM. unameM se 12 veM pUrva kA nAma 'prANAvAya' pUrva hai. isa pUrva meM logoM ke Abhyantara-mAnasika evaM AdhyAtmika-svAsthya evaM bAhya zArIrika svAsthya kI yathAvat sthiti rakhane ke upAyabhUta yama niyama AhAra vihAra evaM upayogI rasa rasAyanAdi kA vizada vivecana hai. tathA janapadadhvaMsi, mausamI, daivika, bhautika Adhibhautika vyAdhiyoM kI cikitsA tathA usake niyaMtraNa ke upAyAdi kA vistRta vicAra kiyA gayA hai.' yaha prANAvAya pUrva hI Ayurveda kA mUla zAstra hai. yahI Ayurveda kA mUla veda hai. isI ke AdhAra para hamAre lokopakArI prAtaHsmaraNIya AcAryoM ne athaka zramadvArA anekoM AyurvedIya graMthoM kI racanA kI hai jo hamAre sarasvatIbhaNDAroM kI zobhA vartamAna kAla meM bar3hA rahe haiM. bahuta thor3e graMtharatna hI prakAza meM Aye haiM. una samasta graMtharatnoM ko saMkalita, pariSkRta kara Adhunika samaya ke yogya TippaNa Adi se yukta kara prakAzita karane kI mahatI AvazyakatA hai. jaina Agama jIva-AtmA ke iha laukika evaM pAralaukika kalyANa evaM abhyudaya ke mArga ko batalAtA hai. jaina zAstroM meM jIva kI tathA isa vizva kI sattA svayaMsiddha anAdinidhana batalAI hai. inakA utpAdaka rakSaka evaM saMhAraka kisI vyakti-Izvara-Adi ko nahIM mAnA hai. saMsAra kI parivartita hone vAlI avasthAe~ dravyoM ke svayaM ke sva-paranimittaka parivartana kA pariNAma haiM. pratyeka dravya kI sattA pRthak-pRthak hai. eka dravya dUsare dravya ke svabhAva meM kisI prakAra kA parivartana karane meM samartha nahIM. pratyeka dravya meM eka svAbhAvika pariNamana kI zakti rahatI hai. jIva aura pudgala kI usa svAbhAvika zakti ke svAbhAvika aura vaibhAvika pariNamanarUpa do vibhAga haiM. aura ina donoM ke kAraNa donoM dravyoM meM svabhAvapariNamana evaM vibhAvapariNamana hotA rahatA hai. isa pariNamana meM upAdAna evaM nimitta nAma ke do kAraNahetu batalAye gaye haiM. padArtha meM svayaM tat-tatkArya rUpa hone kI yogyatA kA nAma upAdAna hai. anya dravya kI usa kArya kI paidAiza ke samaya upasthiti kA nAma nimitta hai. vaha sabala evaM udAsIna rUpa do prakAra kA hotA hai. ataH jaba koI dravya pariNamana ko prApta hotA hai taba usakI svataH kI pariNamana karAne vAlI (svataH meM nihita) zakti ke anusAra hI pariNamana hogA-usI ko upAdAna zakti kahate haiM. zakti bAhya sabala nimitta ko pAkara niyata pariNamana-kArya kA utpAdana-karA detI hai. isI bAhya nimitta kI sabalatA evaM upayogitA ko hRdayaMgama kara AcArya ne lokahita kI bhAvanA se prerita hokara "Ayurveda" kI racanA meM apanA yogadAna diyA. yaha loka-saMsAra-jIva kA nivAsasthAna hai. ise Urdhvaloka, madhyaloka 1. kAyacikitsAdhaSTAGga AyurvedaH bhUtikarmajAMguliprakamaH prANApAnavibhAgo'pi yatra vistareNa varNitastat prANAcAyam / -tattvArtharAjavArtika a0 1 sU0 20. 2. jainAgama meM 1 jIva 2 pudgala 3 dharma 4 adharma 5 AkAza 6 kAla nAma ke 6 dravya mAne haiM. ENABRARNE View Jain Education hiemational
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________________ 868 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya aura adholoka ina tIna bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai. loka meM jIva nAnA yoniyoM evaM gatiyoM meM niraMtara janma-maraNa ke dvArA paidA hote evaM marate rahate haiM. zubha kAryoM dvArA upAjita mahAn puNya kA bhoga karane ke lie yaha jIva devagati meM jAtA hai. vahA~ roga zoka jarA rahita hokara yatheSTa indriyajanita bhogopabhogoM ko bhogatA hai. nikRSTatama azubha kAryoM dvArA saMcita pApa ke dvArA narakoM meM bhUmijanya, asurajanya aura paramparajanya daihika evaM mAnasika aneka prakAra ke dukhoM ko karor3oM varSoM taka bhogatA hai. kucha maMda kaSAya evaM pApa kI alpatA se pazu-gati ke dukhoM ko bhogatA hai. puNya pApa ke mizrita udaya meM manuSya-gati ke sukha-dukhoM kA anubhava karatA hai. inameM deva aura nAraka anapavartanIya Ayu vAle hote haiM. inakI mRtyu asamaya meM bImArI, viSa, zastra, raktakSaya Adi bAhya kAraNoM se nahIM hotI. Ayu pUrNa hone para hI ye marate haiM. jaba bImArI aura bur3hApA devoM meM hai hI nahIM taba unake vAste cikitsAzAstra kI AvazyakatA hI kyA hai? nArakiyoM ko itanA tIvra pApa kA udaya hotA hai ki unheM kinhIM bAhya vastuoM se sukhazAMti pahu~cAnA saMbhava hI nahIM. bhayaMkara pravAha vAlI nadI para, jisake vega ko bar3I se bar3I zaktivAle yaMtroM se bhI na rokA jA sake, bA~dha bA~dhanA zrama aura zakti kA durupayoga hai, isI prakAra nArakiyoM ke lie bhI cikitsAzAstra anupayogI hai. manuSya aura tiryaMcoM meM bhI bhogabhUmi meM rahane vAle asaMkhyAta varSa kI AyuvAle viSa kaMTaka zastraghAta jarA roga Adi upadravoM se rahita hote haiM. unako na bur3hApA AtA hai, na bImArI hotI hai. vahAM kA jIvana itanA sarala, sAdA aura sAtvika hotA hai ki vahAM paraspara rAgadveSa ISyAdi durbhAva nahIM hote. isase kalaha yA paraspara zastrAghAta kA unameM prasaMga nahIM hotA. isaliye unakI bhI akAlamRtyu nahIM hotI. karmabhUmiyoM meM bhI vizeSa puNyazAlI caramottamadehadhArI mahApuruSoM meM rogAdi nahIM hote. ina saba ko cikitsA kI jarUrata nahIM. zeSa bace hama sarIkhe manuSyoM ko isakI jarUrata hai. hamAre lie isa AyuvijJAna zAstra-Ayurveda ke jJAna----kA parama mahattva hai. bahuta prAcIna kAla se kaiyoM kI yaha dhAraNA calI ArahI hai ki kisI kI akAlamRtyu hotI hI nahIM hai. samaya prApta hone para bImArI, viSa, zastrAghAta, vRkSa se giranA, rela, moTara yA havAI durghaTanA Adi kA mAtra nimitta mila jAne se hone vAlI mRtyu ko akAlamRtyu kahanA galata hai. kintu jainadarzana ke samartha aura gaMbhIra vidvAn bhagavAn bhaTTAkalaMka ne apane mahAn dArzanika graMtha tattvArtharAjavAtika meM isa bhrAnta dhAraNA kA nirasana karate hue kahA hai-jaise tIvra havA ke jhoMke se dIpaka ko bacAne ke lie lAlaTena kA upayoga na kiyA jAya yA hAtha vagairaha kA AvaraNa na kiyA jAya to vaha bujha jAtA hai. yadi AvaraNa ho to baca jAtA hai, bujhatA nahIM hai. isI prakAra tIvra sannipAtAdi se grasta manuSya kI yadi upekSA kI jAya, ucita nidAnapUrvaka cikitsA na kI jAya to vaha mara sakatA hai. isake viparIta yadi Ayu zeSa hai to ucita cikitsA use bacA legI. isI mUlabhUta vicAra se prANAvAya pUrva kI racanA kI gaI hai. unakA mUlavAtika isa bhAMti hai-'Ayurveda praNayanAnyathAnupapatteH' yadi raktakSayAdi se akAla mauta na mAnI jAya to usase bacAne ke lie bhagavAn tIrthaMkara Ayurveda-prANAvAya pUrva-kI racanA nahIM karate. racanA unhoMne kI hai, isI se siddha hai ki akAlamRtyu se bhI prANI kA maraNa hotA hai aura aise maraNa ko ucita upAya dvArA TAlA jA sakatA hai. jaba akAlamRtyu, bImAriyoM kI yaMtraNA, akAlavArdhakya Adi manuSya ke jIvana meM sukha svAsthya ke duzmana maujUda haiM taba unase baca kara rahane ke upAya batAnA Avazyaka hai. aura isI AvazyakatA kI pUrti Ayurveda karatA hai. saMsAra meM dharma artha kAma mokSa, ye cAra puruSArtha haiM--pratyeka manuSya ke jIvana ke lakSya haiM. inameM mokSa aura kAma puruSArtha sAdhya haiM aura dharma tathA artha puruSArtha unake sAdhana haiM. ina puruSArthoM kI prApti ke lie zarIra kI nIrogatA parama Avazyaka hai. kahA hai-'dharmArthakAmamokSANAM ArogyaM mUlamuttamam. Ayurveda-avatAra kI prastAvanA karate due digambarAcArya ugrAditya ne apane "kalyANakAraka" nAmaka graMtha meM isI tathya ko isa prakAra prakaTa kiyA hai-"devAdhideva bhagavAn AdinAtha ke pAsa, kailAzaparvata para pahu~ca kara bharata cakrezvara
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________________ paM. kundanalAla jaina : Ayurveda kA uddezya saMyamasAdhanA : 866 ne nimnalikhita prArthanA kI-"he prabho, pahale dUsare aura tIsare kAla meM isa bharata kSetra meM bhogabhUmi thI. loga paraspara eka dUsare ko atyanta sneha se dekhate the, unameM ISryA dveSa nahIM thA. apane puNya ke phala se prApta samasta iSTa bhogoM ko bhoga kara niyata samaya para Ayu pUrNa kara svarga meM devagati ke sukha bhogane ko jAte the. bhogabhUmi samApta hokara karmabhUmi AI. isameM bhI puNyAtmA caramazarIrI uttama dehavAle bhagavAn tIrthaMkara dIrgha Ayu ke dhAraka hote haiM. parantu adhikatara loga viSa zastrAdi se ghAta yogya zarIra vAle hote haiM. unako vAta pitta kapha kI hInAdhikatA se mahAn bImAriyAM utpanna hotI haiM. unheM ThaNDa, garamI varSA Rtu kI pratikUlatA dukhI karatI hai. ve loga apathya AhAra-vihAra kA sevana karate haiM. isalie he nAtha! hameM ina dukhoM se chUTane kA upAya batalAveM'. taba devAdhideva paramadeva Adiprabhu ne kahA- "he bharatezvara ! svastha ke svAsthya kA rakSaNa karane aura asvastha ke asvAsthya ko miTAne kA upAya isa prakAra hai-ucita kAla meM hita, mita AhAra-vihAra kA sevana karatA huA tathA krodha kAma lobha moha mAna Adi zAMti ke zatruoM se niraMtara bacatA huA jo vyakti apanA jIvana vyatIta karatA hai tathA samayasamaya para satata svAsthya kI rakSA ke lie rasAyana dravyoM ko zarIra kI zuddhipUrvaka ucita samaya meM sevana karatA hai, vaha kabhI bImAriyoM yA asAmayika vArdhakya Adi ke vazIbhUta nahIM hotA. yaha svastha kA syAsthyarakSaNa hai. yadi karmayoga se, bhUla Adi nimitta ke vaza roga A hI jAe~ to nidAnajJa vidvAn se vAta pitta kaphAdika meM, jisakI hInAdhikatA se roga utpanna huA ho, usako samajha kara hIna ko bar3hAne vAle zuddha dravyoM ke sevana dvArA ucita parimANa meM bar3hAnA bRhaNa kahalAtA hai. tathA yadi doSa bar3he hue hoM to unheM kama karane vAle dravyoM ko ucita mAtrA meM sevana kara bar3he hue doSoM ko kama karanA karSaNa cikitsA kahalAtI hai. isa prakAra ubhayaprakArI cikitsA dvArA svAsthya prApta karanA cAhie. tabhI zarIra saMyamasAdhanA ke upayukta hogA aura saMyama kI ArAdhanA dvArA aMtima puruSArtha mokSa kI siddhi hogI." AdinAtha prabhu kI yahI divyadhvani AyurvedapraNayana kA mUla banI aura isI AdhAra para pUjyapAda, samaMtabhadra, akalaMka Adi prAcIna jainAcAryoM ne Ayurveda saMbaMdhI aneka rasa-graMtha likhe. rasa aura usameM bhI khAsakara khalvI rasAyana Ayurveda ko jainAcAryoM kI mahAn dena hai. zrI harSagaNi Adi dvArA likhita "yogacintAmaNi' sarIkhA mahAn grantha to saste AzurogApahArI sulabha yogoM kA bhaNDAra hai aura Aja ke yuga kI arthahIna madhyavitta janatA ke lie cintAmaNiratna kA kAma detA hai. isa prakAra jainAgama ke mahAn AcAryoM ne Ayurveda kI sevA vizuddha lokakalyANa kI bhAvanA ke sAtha svastha zarIra dvArA saMyamapAlana kI dRSTi se kI hai. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ zrI varalAla nAhaTA eka jainetara saMta kRta jambUcaritra bhArata meM aneka dharma-sampradAya haiM aura vicArabheda ke kAraNa aisA honA anivArya bhI hai. para isakA eka duSpariNAma huA ki hamArI dRSTi bahuta hI saMkucita ho gaI. eka dUsare kI acchI bAteM grahaNa karanA to dUra kI bAta para sAMpradAyika vidveSa-bhAvanA ke kAraNa dUsare saMpradAyoM ke doSa DhUDhanA aura unheM pracArita karanA hI apane saMpradAya ke mahattva baDhAne kA Avazyaka aMga mAna liyA gayA hai. purANoM Adi meM jaina dharma sambandhI jo vivaraNa milate haiM unase yaha bhalIbhAMti spaSTa hai ki jainadharma hajAroM varSoM se bhArata meM pracArita hone para bhI aura usake pracAraka va anuyAyI aneka viziSTa vyakti hue una tIrthakaroM, AcAryoM va jainadharma ke mahattvapUrNa siddhAntoM kA ullekha taka purANAdi graMthoM meM nahIM kiyA gayA. itanA hI nahIM, mahattva ke siddhAntoM ko bhI galata rUpa meM batalAyA gayA. madhyakAla meM aneka saMta aura bhakta sampradAyoM kA udbhava huA aura unhoMne bhakti vairAgya aura adhyAtma kA pracAra karane ke sAtha-sAtha samAja ke aneka doSoM kA nirAkaraNa karane kA bhI kadama uThAyA. kabIra Adi aise hI saMta the jinakA prabhAva paravartI aneka dharma-saMpradAyoM para dikhAI par3atA hai. vaise ve kAphI udAra rahe haiM aura jainadharma ke kaI ahiMsAdisiddhAntoM ko acche rUpa meM apanAyA bhI, para ve bhI sAMpradAyika dRSTi se Upara nahIM uTha sake ata: jainadharma ke sambandha meM unake vicAra jo bhI thor3e bahuta vyakta hue ve kaTAkSa va hIna bhAva ke sUcaka haiM. rajjaba Adi kaI saMta kaviyoM ne jaina jaMjAla Adi racanAeM kI haiM, unase yaha spaSTa hai. rAjasthAna meM niraMjanI, dAdUpaMthI, rAmasnehI, Adi saMta saMpradAyoM kA gata tIna cAra sau varSoM meM acchA prabhAva rahA hai aura jainadharma kA bhI isI samaya vahAM kAphI prabhAva thA. digambara va zvetAmbara donoM sampradAya acche rUpa meM pracArita rahe. kaI jainoM kA una saMta-saMpradAyoM ke saMtoM Adi se paricaya va sambandha bhI rahA hai. phira bhI jaisA pArasparika sadbhAva rahanA cAhie thA, nahIM rahA. isakA pramukha kAraNa sAMpradAyika manovRtti hI hai. jainakathAe kaI bahuta prasiddha rahI haiM aura unhoMne jainetara saMtoM ko bhI AkarSita kiyA hai. inameM se eka kathA jambU svAmI kI hai. zIla kI mahimA pracArita karane ke lie usa kathA ko dAdUpaMthI saMta "turasI" ne 'jambUsara prasaMga' ke nAma se hindI meM padyabaddha kiyA hai. prastuta kAvya kI kaI hastalikhita pratiyAM mere avalokana meM AI, unameM se eka prati kI pratilipi to jayapura ke udAramanA saMta maMgaladAsa jI ne apane hAtha se karake mujhe kucha varSa pUrva bhejI thI. usake bAda do aura pratiyAM bhI jambUsara prasaMga kI milIM. una tInoM pratiyoM ke AdhAra se saMpAdita karake yahA~ prakAzita kiyA jA rahA hai. aMtima kevalI jambU svAmI kI kathA jaina samAja meM bahuta prasiddha hai. unake saMbaMdha meM saMskRta, prAkRta, rAjasthAnI, gujarAtI meM anekoM gadya-padyamaya racanAe prApta haiM. jahA~ taka merI jAnakArI hai, unake caritra ke sambandha meM sabase prAcIna aura upakathAoM ke sAtha varNana vasudeva hiNDI ke prArambha meM milatA hai, jo pAMcavIM zatAbdI kI racanA hai. tadanantara AcArya zrI hemacandra suri ne pariziSTa parva meM jambU caritra vistAra se likhA hai aura usake bAda to lagabhaga 20-25 racanAeM digambara, zvetAmbara donoM saMpradAyoM meM likhI gaI jinameM se kucha prakAzita bhI ho cukI haiM. mahApuruSa jambU YATRAMITAMINETIRIT nAvAvAbAbaENESIANANENENENINbAbA Jain PurprivaterarersuTusaunty wwwjanelibrary.org
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________________ zrIbhavaralAla nAhaTA : eka jainetara saMta kRta jaMbUcaritra : 871 bhagavAn mahAvIra ke paMcama gaNadhara sudharmA svAmI ke ziSya the, rAjagRha nagara ke zreSThI RSabhadatta kI patnI dhAriNI kI kukSi se unakA janma huA. 16 varSa taka ghara meM rahe, phira sudharmA svAmI kI dezanA suna kara vairAgyavAsita hue aura dIkSA lene kA vicAra kiyA. eka samRddhizAlI seTha ke ghara meM janma lene se, dIkSA se pahale hI anya dhanI seThoM kI 8 kanyAoM se unakA vaivAhika sambandha nizcita ho cukA thA. mAtA Adi kuTumbiyoM ne vicAra kiyA ki kisI prakAra unakA vivAha kara diyA jAya to ve sAMsArika viSayoM meM magna ho jAyeMge. para jambUkumAra kA vairAgya dRDha thA, isalie unhoMne kuTumbI janoM ke anurodha se una AThoM kanyAoM se vivAha to kara liyA para vivAha se pUrva unhoMne una kanyAoM ke pitAoM ko spaSTa sUcita kara diyA ki maiM dIkSita hone vAlA haM. vivAha kI prathama rAtri meM hI unhoMne apanI AThoM striyoM ko pratibodha dekara sahayogI banA liyA aura sAtha hI vivAha meM jo 66 karor3a kA dhana AyA thA use curAne ke lie 500 coroM ke sAtha Ae hue prabhava cora ko bhI unake upadeza ne prabhAvita kiyA. isa taraha mAtA, pitA, striyoM, sAsa-sasuroM va prabhavAdi 500 coroM ke sAtha unhoMne sudharmA svAmI se dIkSA grahaNa kI. vahI rAjaputra prabhava Age cala kara unakA pradhAna paTTaziSya banA. 20 varSa taka jambU svAmI chadmastha avasthA meM rahe. tadanantara kevala jJAna utpanna huA aura 44 varSoM taka kevalI avasthA meM vicare. bhagavAn mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke 64 varSa bAda 80 varSa kI Ayu meM ve mokSa sidhAre. inake bAda isa bharatakSetra se paMcama kAla meM koI mokSa nahIM gayA. isase ve antima kevalI kahalAye. vAstava meM vartamAna jaina AgamoM ke nirmANa meM jambU svAmI kA pradhAna hAtha rahA hai. bhagavAn mahAvIra ne tIrthakara ke rUpa meM 30 varSa taka jo bhI upadeza diyA use 12 aMgasUtroM meM prathita karane kA kAma gaNadharoM ne kiyA. mahAvIra nirvANa ke dina hI gautama svAmI ko kevala jJAna ho gayA. yadyapi ve isake bAda 12 varSa taka aura rahe para saMgha ke saMcAlana kA bhAra sudharmAsvAmI ne hI saMbhAlA aura unhoMne hI jambU svAmI ko saMbodhita karate hue vartamAna AgamoM kI racanA kI. phalata: una AgamoM ke prArambha meM sudharmA svAmI ke mukha se yaha kahalAyA gayA hai ki he jambU ! isa Agama kI vANI bhagavAn mahAvIra se jisa rUpa meM sunI, tumeM kahatA hU~ ! jambU svAmI kA nirvANa mathurA meM huA aura unake 500 se adhika stUpa samrATa akabara ke samaya taka mathurA meM vidyamAna the. unake jIrNoddhAra kA varNana digambara vidvAna kavi rAjamalla ne apane saMskRta jambUcaritra meM kiyA hai. prastuta saMta kavi tulasI racita jambUsara prasaMga meM jainadharma, sudharmA svAmI, unase dIkSA lene Adi kA ullekha nahIM kiyA hai. prArambhika vivAha ke anantara striyoM se vArtAlApa aura cora kA Agamana, sabako pratibodha tathA brahmacarya meM jambU svAmI ke dRDha rahane kA varNana hI kavi ne kiyA hai. kaI dRSTAntoM kA to nAma nirdeza mAtra kiyA hai para aThAraha nAtoM vAlA sambandha kucha vistAra se diyA hai, jo vasudeva hiNDI meM hI sabase pahale milatA hai. saMta kavi tulasI ne kisI maukhika kathA ko suna kara hI apane DhaMga se isa kathA kI racanA kI hai. jambU ke nAma kI jagaha kavi ne jambUsara nAma kA prayoga kiyA hai. hameM saMta kaviyoM kI anya racanAoM meM bhI jaina sambandhI khoja karanI cAhie. jambUsara prasaMga varNana dahA zIla vrata kI kA kahU, mahimA kahI na jAi / jyUM gajarAja ke saMga teM, anala na parahIM Ai // 1 // brahmA viSNu maheza lauM, kara zIla kI seva / zIla pUjya tihu~ loka meM, koI lahai zIla kA bheva // 2 // bheva lahai so yaha' lahai, jaMbUsara jyUM jAni / siSa tAko prasaMga aba, kahUM sa nihacai mAni / / 3 / / 1. yU gahai. D RATEAMIND Jane ENESENIAUSOSESINONENANERONadia Nasad
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________________ 872 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya caupAI zIla vrata saba hI ko TIko / zIla vinA saba lAge phIko / 'turasI' jo mukha sundara hoi / nAsA vinA na sobhai soi // 4 // nAsA vinA na zobha ho, sundara nara ko mukha / 'turasI' zIla dharma vina, saba hI dharma nirukha / / 5 / / dUhA ekAdazI jU Adi de, yAvateSu vrata sAra / 'turasI' tA saba hIna meM, zIla suvrata adhikAra // 6 // 'turasI' zIla sudharma kI, mahimA varNa na jAI / tAhi japa tapa yajJa vrata, rahe sakala sira nAi // 7 // kathA prasaMga : kavitta eka sAha dhanavaMta, tAsa ke putra bI joi / 'jambUsara' tasa' nAma, zIladhara janamata hoi / / pitA kiyo haTha bahuta, paraNivo Are kiinhoN| paraNa tajU kari nAri, Apa uttara yUM dInho / ika vaNiyA ke dhIha ATha, tinhai suni mato vicAra / karai pitA suM araja, puruSa, 'jambUsara' mhArai / / mArnu kalajuga bhayo, suNata, yaha lAgI khArI / kanyA kahI dharma bAta, tAta taba jAni vicArI / diyA tAhi nAlera, paraNivA cali kara aayo| 'jambUsara' tAhi paraNa, hAtha tAkI chiTakAyo / / baNiye diyo dravya bahuta, tAsa kU dhare na Are / viSa DaMDa yUM jAna, Apa nija jJAna vicAre // 6 // cale vahA~ teM Apa, Ai baiThe nija bhavanA / taba triyA matau vicAra, kiyo tAke Dhiga gavanA // jambUsara baiThe jahAM, sumarai tribhuvana tAta / AThoM hI * kara jora kari, pUchana lAgI bAta // 10 // jambUsara vrata sIla dhara, bhajai rAma nija eka / zrIyA tola tAsa mana, bhASe prasaMga viveka'" // 11 so prasaMga aba kahata hUM, prathama triyA uvAca / yAmai saMsau nAMhi kachu, paragaTa jAnoM sAca / / 12 / / prathama triyAvacana triyA karata yaha vInatI, kAma aprabala jAna / Age jAtI hoigI, mArU Dhora samAna / / 13 / / 2. mahA 3. tisa. 4. vahauta. 5. kAnau. 6. dInau. 7. eka. 8. dhI. 6. tAhi. 10. aneka. + cihnAMkita padya dUsarI prati meM nahIM haiM. ** * *** *** *** *** . delibrary.org . . . . . . . . . . JainEECHETANHCHI . .. .... . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NGirit.inin.....THSPATTIT............. . . .... ........ . . .. .. .. .. . ..... . . ...... ....... ..
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________________ zrIbhaMvaralAla nAhaTA : eka jainetara saMta kRta jambUcaritra : 873 mArUThora soraThA thaliyAM gohUM bAI,11 mUrakha khoyo12 akala bina / kiyau bAjarau ruvAra, 'mArUDhora' yUM jAniye // 14 / / jaMbUsara vacana soraThA tAjitakhAne ali, dukhI rahyo dina tIna laga TUTA pIche bhUli, bahurina kabahu jAi hai // 15 / / triyAvacana soraThA nhAi nadI kI soi, marakaTa teM mANasa huvau / baharayo5 marakaTa, hoi, kiyo ja lAlaca deva pada // 16 // jaMbUsara ke vacana koI sahArA nAi, jaga samadara meM DUbatA / rahyo gRhe urajhAi, khovara 6 kAgaja karakako / / 17 / / triyAvacana---- bhajyau na pUraNa rAma, gRha kI sukha so bhI tajyo / jA ko Thaurana rAma, bugalI jyoM laTakatA rahyo / / 18 / / jaMbUsara vacana indrayAM kA sukha nAsa, yA saMgi nAsata rAma pada / relo cATata grAsa, khoyo mUrikha pAhuNe // 16 // triyAvacana narapati suta ika jAna, calyau ja candana pAnakU / AgeM huI ja hAna, Derau khoyo gAMTha ko / / 20 / / jambUsaravacana jagata sukha loha Ahi, tahi gahai ajJAna nara / mUrakha bojha janAhi, tajI kudAlI kanaka kI // 21 // dInho parasana sAra,17 saba ke mana Ananda bhayo / kInho gADha vicAra, 'jaMbusara' saM puni kahai // 22 / / triyAvacana-- dUhA jaMbUsara sU jori kara, trIyA karata praNAma / putra bhae saba tyAgie, sujasa baDha rahai nAma // 23 / / jaMbUsara vacana-- nAmaheta saba jaga pace, tAmeM nahIM vicAra / bhakti chADa bhrama saM lagyA, bUDA kAlIdhAra // 24 // 11. bAr3a, 12. boyo. 13. tAratasAne. 14. tahAM. 15. vojho su. 16. so nahi. 17. suniprasaMga sAra. *** *** *** *** *** . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jain Educ . . . . . . . . . a . . . . . . . . . toria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . / . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "
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________________ 874 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya nAMva-nAMva bina nA rahai, suNau sakala tuma joi| eka prasaMga adbhuta ati, kaha samajhAjaM toi // 25 / / 18 nAtA prasaMga bahana vyAhamAtA dharI, mAtA jAyau jAma / tInoM taja vana kU gayA (taba) rahyo koNa ko nAma / / 26 / / aSTAdaza,18 nAtA bhayA, e tInoM kA hetu / so prasaMga aba kahata hUM, suNajo hoi saceta // 27 / / caupaI eka nagara meM vezyA tAka, suta kanyA saMgi janameM jAkai / tAko turata hI nAMva kaDhAyo, sulatAM kumera nAMva so pAyau // 28 // khoTa nakhatara janme bhAI, tAhi nadI meM diye bahAI / koI nagara tala nikase jAI, eka mahAjana lIe kaDhAI // 26 / / vAkai putra na hotA ekA, yo hari dInauM liyau vivekaa| lar3ako le saMga jarau bAhyau, lar3akI sahita daravAje yAyo // 30 // dekhi pIjaro ora hI vaNIye, lar3akI kADha laI haiM jniye| dou baDe bhaye doU syAnA, tAkI byAha bhayau paramAnAM / / 3 / / sAhUkAra koDIdhaja doU, jor3o sodhe mila na koU / yAke lekha likhyau hai bhAI, lyo nAlera ru karo sagAI // 32 // Dhola nagArA maMgala gAjai, hIrA motI tana para sAjai / baNiya jAna baNAI bhArI, Apa UtarI vAga meM sArI // 33 // aradha rAta samUharata hoI, karatA kI gati lakha na koI / sAhUkAra mile haiM sArA, bhavana mAMhi taba kiyA utArA // 34 // caMvarayA~ mAhiM baiThA jabahI, sulatA, dekhI mudrikA tabahI / tAmeM aMka likhe kahe heri, bahana'ra bhAI sulatAM kumera / / 3 / / sulatAM aMka vicAra ju dekhA, tAkau pAche kiyo vivekaa| bhAI bahana vihAye Ana, sulatAM tajyo hathalevo jAna // 36 // hva bhayabhIta kIyau gRhatyAga, vana bana vicara le vairaag| pUrava pApa kauna meM kiyo, vIra bahana ghara vAsoM dIyau / / 37 / / saMta vivekI bUjhata Dola, suni suni vacana sabana kA tole / pIche kubera bhI kIdho gavanA, herata Ayo vezyA ke bhavanA // 38 / / so vezyA tAkI mahatArI, vAkai rahyau kara ghara kI nArI / vAkai peTa ko ika suta bhayo, sulatAM suM sAdhAM yU kahyau // 36 / / sulatAM calI vahA~ se jabahI, vesAM ke ghara AI tabahI / jaba vezyA saM vacana ucAra, aSTAdaza nAtA vistArai // 40 // 18. kaThAM jarau vuhApo. 16. pUchata. RIVIDUALLY TAITRATEmaiIMARATIRTAJALMANE N TLE Imanna DROPDaman Luta Jain Eduemammer www.jamelibrary.org
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________________ zrIbhaMvaralAla nAhaTA : eka jainetara saMta kRta jambUcaritra : E75 aThArai nAtAM ko vyauro sulatAM vAca-kavita nagara nAikA' Adi, dUsarI mAtA merii| tuma suta kI maiM nAri, pragaTa tU sAsU merI / / mama khAMvaMda ghara nAriM, sauka tU sadA hamArI / tumhaiM tAta kI sUtA, tohi dAdI5 meM dhaarii| mama bhAI kI joya, lagai tU bhAvaja mere / ete lacha tujha mAhi, kanyA aisI vidha Tere / / SaTa nAtA SaTa vidha bhae, mAna dharma diyau khoi / jJAna bhagati vairAga lyoM, jaba dhrama sAbatI hoi / / 4 / / sulatAM ke yaha vacana suni, pUchana lAgau kumera / kahau teM kahiyo kahA, so aba bhAkhau phera // 42 / / sulatAM vAca-kabitta vezyA dvAre vAsa, kahuM tohi bhar3avau' bhAI / bApa' kahU~ maiM tohi, tumheM ghara merI mAI // khAMvaMda pragaTa mora, pala meM baMdhI terai / sAsU ko bharatAra, sadA susarau5 hai merai / / mama dAdI ko khasama, tAsa vidha dAdI khiie| e sAcau aparAdha, tajyAM vina sukha nahi lahiye / / bhagati vinA bhAga nahIM, ye SaTa pApa aghora / araka vinA kyU~ nAsa ha, rajanI tama ko jora // 43 / / soraThA iha suNa vacana kumera, vajra mArayo so ha gyo| sulata bhASai phera, nAnar3IyA ka lADavai / / 44 / / kavitta zizu bhAi' samabhAI, vIra2 mama mAtA jaayo| phuni bhAI ko bIja, bhatIjI tAsU gaayo| jAni sauka ko pUta, soI sAkUta vicArau / mama khAMvaMda ko vIra, sahI devara hai mhArai / dAdI suta kAkI kahU~, kaisI vidhi tohi lADIe / aiso jJAna vicAra ke, saMga tumhAro chADIe // 45 / / soraThA gaNikA aru kumera, kahai hama kaise nisatarai / sulatAM kaheM yUM Tera, tyAga karau rAma bhajI / / 46 / / dohA jaMbUsara budhivAna ati, dIyau bhArajyA jJAna / tirIyA mana AnaMda baDhayo, gayo sakala ajJAna // 43 // ANUmma Mmsunee TOMAU Jainy AJASTiry.org
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________________ 876 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya triyAvAca soraThA jaMbUsara bar3abhAga, dhani tere mAtA pitA / janmata hI jaga tyAga, chADa lagyo para brahma saM // 48 // dravya laiNa kuM cora, bAMdhI poTaja parIti kari / jJAna bhayau tihi Thaura, jaMbUsara ko jJAna suNi // 16 // aSTa nAri iha jJAna, suNata hI sAMso saba gyau| cora bhayo galatAna, zIlavAna kA zabda suni // 50 // suNata trAsa jyUM naraka kI, mana meM upajI eha / zIla na kabahU tyAgie, bhAve jAvo deha // 51 // dohA bhAga vinA pAvai nahIM, sIla padAratha soi / jo tyAge yA sIlaku, to naraka prApati hoi // 52 // kuNDaliyA jo koI tyAga sIla , so pAvai naraka aghora / apakIrati hoi jagata meM, bhakti mAMhi nahiM Thaura / bhagata mAMhi nahiM Thaura, aura kahA kahIe bhaaii| lahai vipati bharapUra, nUra mukha caDhe na koI / devA sadA phiri tAsaka, jama mArai kari jora / / jo koI tyAgai sIlaku so pAvai naraka aghora / / 53 / / // iti jaMbUsara ko prasaMga saMpUrNa / / Jain Education Interational
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________________ Jain Educatie DaoN0 ke0 RSabhacandra ema0 e0, pI-eca0 DI0 paumacariyaM ke racanAkAla sambandhI katipaya aprakAzita tathya jaina sAhitya meM hI nahIM apitu sAre prAkRta vAGmaya meM sampUrNa rAmakathA sambandhI kAvyAtmaka kRti hone kA prathama zreya paumacariyaM ko prApta hai, jo mahArASTrI prAkRta meM likhA gayA hai--jaina paramparA meM AThaveM baladeva dAzarathI rAma kA adhikatara pracalita nAma pauma (padma) hai, ataH unake carita ko 'paumacariyaM' kI saMjJA dI gaI hai / uttarottara kAla ke jaina sAhitya meM vividha bhASAoM meM rAma sambandhI jo racanAe~ upalabdha haiM ve adhikatara paumacariyaM para hI AdhArita haiM. paumacariyaM ke isa mahattva ko dekhate hue usake racanA-kAla para kucha vicAra-vimarza karanA upAdeya hI hogA. isa graMtha ke racayitA vimalasUri nAilavaMzIya vijaya ke ziSya aura AcArya rAhu ke praziSya the. unhoMne paumacariya kI prazasti meM batalAyA hai ki isa graMtha kI racanA mahAvIra - nirvANa ke 5301 (yA 520) 2 varSa pazcAt kI gaI thI. graMtha ke adhyayana se yaha tithi bilkula asaMgata ThaharatI hai. kitane hI vidvAnoM ne isake racanAkAla ke viSaya meM apane-apane mantavya prakaTa kiye haiM. kucha loga prazasti meM aMkita samaya ko hI ucita mAnate haiM parantu adhikatara vidvAn isako tRtIya yA caturtha zatAbdI se lekara sAtavIM AThavIM zatAbdI taka kI racanA ThaharAte haiM. ina vidvAnoM ne jina-jina pramANoM ke AdhAra para paumacariya kA kAlanirNaya kiyA hai unako yahA~ para duharAne kI AvazyakatA nahIM. hama paumacariyaM meM hI upalabdha kucha navIna sAmagrI para vicAra kara usI ke AdhAra para pUrvasthApita vividha mantavyoM kA UhApoha karate hue isa graMtha kA kAla - nirNaya karane kA prayatna kareMge. sarvaprathama paumacariyaM meM varNita una janajAtiyoM, rAjyoM, va rAjanaitika ghaTanAoM para vicAra kareMge jinakA bhAratIya itihAsa se sambandha sthApita kiyA jA sakatA hai. rAma ne jaba vAnaradala ke sAtha rAvaNa para AkramaNa kiyA taba kelI giloM aura pattiyoM ne rAma kI senA meM sammilita hokara unakI sahAyatA kI thI. (pauma055-17). raviveNa ne apane padmapurANa [ 55-26] meM ina kelIgiloM ko kailIkila batAyA hai. ina logoM ko aitihAsika kilakiloM se milAyA jA sakatA hai. unake rAjya kI samApti ke turanta bAda vAkATaka vindhyazakti ne [223 I0] unake sthAna para dakSiNa meM apanA rAjya sthApita kiyA thA. vimalasUri zrIparvata kA bAra-bAra ullekha karate haiM. zrIparvatIyoM ne rAma kI sahAyatA 4 1. paumacariyaM 118. 103. 2. upamitibhavaprapaMcakathA meM DA0 jekobI kI prastAvanA pR0 10. 3. vieTaranija ra hisTara oNva iNDiyana liTarecara, bhA0 2, pR0 477 pA0 Ti0 3. haradeva bAharI - prAkRta aura usakA itihAsa, pR0 60. DA0 jekobI - upamitibhavaprapaMca kathA, prastAvanA, pR0 10 aura pariziSTaparva, prastAvanA pR0 16. DA0 kathae hisTari Ava saMskRta liTarecara, pR0 25. paumacariyaM (1962) ko prastAvanA meM DA0 vI0 ema0 kulakarNI kA lekha - dI DeTa Ava vimalasUri. jaina yuga, pustaka 1, aMka 5, poSa 1682, pR0 180 para zrI ke0 eca0 bhra va kA lekha. 4. bI0 vI0 kRSNarAva - e hisTari zrava do arlI DAinesTIja oNva Andhradeza, pR0 36. 5. DA0 alTekara - dI vAkATaka-guptA eja (1654), pR0 86. 1 ...0331111 ..... SIM Sun.org
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________________ Jain Ede ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~m 878 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya to kI hI thI. sAtha-sAtha yaha bhI batalAyA gayA hai ki hanumAna zrIpura ke rAjA banAye gaye the jo zrIparvata kI upatyakA meM basA huA thA. hanumAna kA apara nAma zrIzaila bhI hai [pauma0 18, 46, 55, 16, 85, 26]. isa prakAra bAra-bAra zrIparvata kA ullekha hameM purANoM ke una zrIparvatIya prAndhroM kI yAda dilAtA hai jo itihAsa meM dakSiNa Andhradeza ke ikSvAku rAjavaMza ke nAma se prasiddha haiM. isa vaMza ke rAjAoM kA kAla tRtIya I0 zatAbdI mAnA gayA hai. ' lavaNa aura aMkuza apanI digvijaya meM aneka rAjyoM ko apane adhIna karate haiM. una rAjyoM meM Ananda logoM aura anake rAjya kA bhI ullekha hai [ pauma0 68, 66 ]. bhAratIya itihAsa spaSTa batalAtA hai ki Ananda rAjavaMza kA udbhava IsA kI caturtha zatAbdI meM huA thA aura unake rAjya kA kSetra guNTUra pradeza thA. bRhatphalAyana AnandoM ke pUrvavartI zAsaka the. isa prakAra spaSTa hai ki vimalasUri cauthI zatAbdI taka ke rAjavaMzoM va rAjyoM se paricita the. paumacariya meM tIna aisI rAjanaitika ghaTanAe~ haiM jinakA bhAratIya itihAsa se sambandha sthApita kiyA jA sakatA hai. ye saMgharSa bimba pratibimba rUpa meM pUrNa sAdRzya to nahIM rakhate phira bhI usa kAla kI rAjanaitika halacala kI jhalaka paumacariyaM kI ghaTanAoM meM dRSTigocara hotI hai. paumacariyaM ke anusAra narmadA ke dakSiNa meM vindhyATavI ke kSetra para kAgonanda jAti kA adhikAra thA. usa jAti ke netA rudrabhUti ne kuvavaddapura ke zAsaka bAlikhilya kA apaharaNa kara usako bandI banA liyA. vaha usake rAjya se dhamakI pUrvaka dravya upArjita karatA thA. bAlikhilya ke maMtrI ne ujjainI ke rAjA siMhodara se sahAyatA mAMgI parantu usane bAlikhilya ko mukta karavAne meM apanI asamarthatA prakaTa kI. rAma-lakSmaNa kuvavaddapura Aye taba unhoMne apanI sahAyatA kA bacana diyA. ve vahA~ se Age bar3he. vindhyATavI meM pahu~ca kara unhoMne rudrabhUti ko parAsta kiyA aura bAlikhilya ko usake paMje se chur3avAyA. isa sambandha meM dvitIyArdhaM zatAbdI ke bhAratIya itihAsa meM prasiddha ujjainI ke mahakSatrapa rudrasiMha prathama, AbhIra senAnAyaka rudrabhUti tathA eka anya AbhIranetA Izvaradatta se mela biThAyA jA sakatA hai. rudrabhUti ne AbhIroM kI tarapha se jIvadAmana ko gaddI se haTAne aura rudrasiMha ko mahAkSatrapa banAne meM bharapUra sahAyatA kI thI. Izvaradatta ne kucha samaya pazcAt nAsika meM apanA alaga rAjya sthApita kiyA aura rudrasiMha ko haTAkara svayaM hI ujjainI kA mahAkSatrapa bana baiThA. parantu do hI varSa ke bAda rudrasiMha ne apanA pUrva adhikAra vApisa prApta kara liyA. ina donoM vRttAntoM meM rudrabhUti samAna hai. paumacariyaM meM siMhodara kA nAma hai va itihAsa meM rudrasiMha kA yaha antara sirpha prathama do varNoM ke hera-phera kA hai. siMhodara ne rudrabhUti ke virodha meM kadama uThAne meM AnAkAnI kI thI. kAraNa spaSTa hai ki rudrabhUti ne hI rudrasiMha ko mahAkSatrapa banAyA thA. Izvaradatta ke nAsika ke AbhIra rAjya kA kAgonanda jAti ke adhInastha narmadA se dakSiNa kI ora ke kSetra ke sAtha sambandha sthApita kiyA jA sakatA hai. 3 J dUsarI ghaTanA isa prakAra hai. dazapura [ maNDasaura ] kA rAjA vajrakarNa ujjaina ke rAjA siMhodara ke adhIna thA. cUMki vaha svatantra bananA cAhatA thA, isalie ujjainI ke sAtha eka bhRtya kI taraha vyavahAra karane meM Apatti karatA thA. isa para siMhodara ne vajrakarNa para AkramaNa kiyA aura usako bandI banA liyA. rAma aura lakSmaNa ko dazapura pahu~cane para vajrakarNa kI dayanIya dazA kA patA lagA. unhoMne siMhodara ko lalakArA aura vajrakarNa ko usase mukta karAyA. sAtha hI siMhodara kA kucha rAjya bhI vajrakarNa ko dilavA diyA. yaha ghaTanA dazapura kI svAdhInatA kI ora saMketa karatI hai. dazapura kI aitihAsika jAnakArI isa prakAra prApta hotI hai. nAsika ke nahapAna ke zilAlekhoM meM dazapura kA eka tIrtha kI taraha ullekha hai, usakA koI khAsa rAjanaitika mahattva nahIM hai. guptakAla meM hI dazapura rAjanaitika dharAtala para AtA hai. jayavarmA, siMhavarmA, aura vizvavarmA vahA~ ke uttarottara svAdhIna rAjA the. tatpazcAt vizvavarmA ke putra rAjA bandhuvarmA ne kumAragupta prathama [ 414-454 I0] kA 1. vahI pR0 56-30. 2. kRSNarAva - vahI pR0 215, 233, 336. 3. paumacariyaM, 34. 25-46. 4. DA0 alTekara - vahI, pR0 54. 5. paumacariyaM, a0. 33. *** *** ** ** *** Dinal Brary.org
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________________ DaoN. ke. RSabhacandra: paumacariyaM ke racanAkAla-sambandhI katipaya aprakAzita tathya : 876 Adhipatya svIkAra kara liyA thA. kumAragupta ke antima kAla meM gupta rAjya kI nIMva DAMvADola huI thI.' DA0 rAya caudharI kA abhiprAya hai ki isI kumAragupta kA upanAma vyAghraparAkrama thA. paumacariyaM ke sihodara aura vyAghraparAkrama meM kAphI samAnatA hai. kucha bhI ho, paumacariyaM meM vaNita ghaTanA tathA aitihAsika paristhiti se itanA to suspaSTa hai ki dazapura IsA kI cauthI aura pAMcavIM zatAbdiyoM meM hI rAjanaitika halacala kA viSaya banatA hai. paumacariyaM ke anusAra nadyAvarta pura ke mahArAjA ativIrya ne ayodhyA ke rAjA bharata ko apane adhIna karanA cAhA. bharata ne yaha Adhipatya svIkAra nahIM kiyA taba ativIrya ne aneka anya rAjyoM se bharata ke khilApha yuddha karane ke lie sahAyatA mAMgI aura vijayapura ke zAsaka ko bhI apanA eka dUta bhejA. usa samaya rAma lakSmaNa vahA~ para Thahare hue the. yaha samAcAra pAte hI unhoMne ativIrya kI ora kUca kiyA aura chadmarUpa se usako bandI banA liyA tathA ulaTA bharata kA Adhipatya svIkAra karane ke lie usako vivaza kiyA. isa naMdyAvarta kA saMbaMdha prabhAvatI guptA ke pUnA ke tAmrapatra meM Ae hue naMdIvardhana se biThAyA jA sakatA hai. Ajakala yaha sthAna rAmaTeka ke pAsa meM sthita nagardhana yA naMdardhana ke nAma se paricita hai.' naMdIvardhana vAkATakoM kI rAjadhAnI rahI hai. pravarasena dvitIya ke putra narendrasena ke rAjya para pAMcavIM zatI ke madhya meM nala rAjA bhavadatta varmA ne AkramaNa karake usake rAjya ko hathiyA liyA thA.5 isase sirpha itanA hI spaSTa hai ki yaha kSetra pAMcavIM zatI ke madhya meM rAjanaitika halacala aura saMgharSa kA zikAra banA huA thA. aba hama paumacariyaM meM AyI huyI anya sAmagrI kA AlocanAtmaka paryavekSaNa kareMge. ikSvAku rAjAoM kI vaMzAvalI meM Adityayaza se rAma kA sthAna bAsaThavAM hai.6 saMkhyAtmaka dRSTi se yaha sthAna brAhmaNa purANoM ke vivaraNa ke adhika najadIka hai. bAlmIki rAmAyaNa meM jo vaMzAvalI AtI hai usameM rAjA ikSvAku se rAma kA sthAna paitIsavAM hai (vA0 rA0 1. 70 aura 2. 110) jabaki purANoM ke anusAra rAma kA sthAna aTThAvanavAM hai. (bhAgavata purANa 6. 1-10) vimalasUri apane paumacariyaM ko purANa kI bhI saMjJA dete haiM (pauma 1. 32.), tathA prazasti meM spaSTa varNana hai ki isa purANa meM cAroM puruSArthoM-kAma, artha, dharma aura mokSa kA varNana samAviSTa hai. brAhmaNa purANoM kI paribhASA kA aitihAsika adhyayana karane se mAlUma hotA hai ki jaise-jaise purANoM kA vikAsa hotA gayA vaise-vaise unake Avazyaka aMga bhI bar3hate gaye. ye cAroM puruSArtha paravartI kAla meM hI purANoM ke Avazyaka viSaya ginAye gaye haiM. kalyANavijayajI kA mantavya hai ki jaina paraMparA meM bhI ye viSaya vikrama kI pAMcavIM zatI ke pUrva pracalita nahIM hue the. paumacariyaM meM kevala eka bAra zvetAmbara muni kA ullekha hai. ikSvAku rAjA sodAsa ke sambandha meM kahA gayA hai ki ayodhyA se niSkAsita hone para ve dakSiNa deza kI tarapha gaye aura vahAM para unhoMne eka zvetAmbara muni ke pAsa zrAvakavrata grahaNa kiye (pecchai paribbhamanto dAhiNadese siyaMbaraM paNao-pauma0 22.78). jaina paraMparA kI donoM mAnyatAoM ke anusAra unakA saMghabheda IsA kI prathama zatAbdI meM huA thA. phira bhI zvetAmbara saMgha kA spaSTa ullekha hameM rAjA vijaya mRgezavarmA ke devagiri ke eka zilAlekha meM 'zvetapaTamahAzramaNa saMgha' ke rUpa meM milatA hai. yaha zilAlekha pAMcavIM zatAbdI kA hai. paumacariyaM meM saMlekhanA ko zrAvakoM ke bAraha vratoM meM sthAna diyA gayA hai tathA use caturtha zikSApada ke rUpa meM ginAyA 1. DA0 alTekara-vahI, pR0 156, 160, 166, 167. 2. paoNliTikala hisTari Ava eziyaMTa iNDiyA (caturtha saMskaraNa), pR0 480. 3. paumacariyaM, a017 4. vI0 sI0 lA....hisTorikala jogrAphI Ava eziyA iNDiyA, pR0 323 aura DI0 sI0 sarakAra-silekTa insakripzansa bhA01 pR0407. 5. TA0 alTekara-vahI, pR0105, 107. 6. paumacariyaM, a05, 21 aura 22. 7. matsyapurANa 5. 3.66 aura 10 TI0 pusalakara sTaDIja ina epiksa eNDa purANAja Ava iNDiyA, prastAvanA. pR0 46. 8. kalyANavijayajI-zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra pR0 304. * * * * - * * * * * * . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . / / . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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________________ 880 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya gayA hai (pauma 14. 115, 63.46) vaise saMlekhanA ko bAraha vratoM meM sammilita nahIM kiyA jAtA hai. yaha paramparA kisa samaya se pracalita huI yaha vicAraNIya hai. AcArya kundakunda ne, jinakA samaya pAMcavIM zatI' ke lagabhaga kA hai, apane cAritrapAhuDa (25) meM saMlekhanA ko bAraha vratoM meM sthAna diyA hai aura isI krama se ginAyA hai. paumacariyaM meM "rAtribhojanatyAga" ko zrAvakoM kA chaThA aNuvrata batalAyA hai. aisA kevala eka hI vAra ullekha hai (pauma 6, 120) aisI paramparA kahA~, kisa samaya calI aura kisane calAyI, yaha bhI adhyayana kA viSaya hai. Age calakara cAmuNDarAya ne apane cAritrasAra aura vIranaMdi ne apane AcArasAra meM ise dhAvakoM kA chaThA aNuvrata ginAyA hai. itanA suspaSTa hai ki yaha vrata pUjyapAda ke samaya meM pracalita thA. ve apanI 'sarvArthasiddhi' meM isakA jikra karate haiM. paumacariyaM meM karIba bIsa prakAra kI bhinna-bhinna tapasyAoM kA ullekha AtA hai. Agama-sAhitya va mUlAcAra meM inameM se bahutoM kA ullekha nahIM milatA. DA0 deva kA abhiprAya hai ki tapazcaryAoM kI bahulatA bAda meM vikasita huI hai.2 paumacariyaM ke racayitA ne apane Apako 'sUri' kI padavI se vibhUSita kiyA hai. 'sUri' kahalAne kI paramparA prAcIna nahIM hai. kalpasUtra sthavirAvalI, nandIsUtra paTTAvalI aura mathurA ke zilAlekhoM meM kisI bhI AcArya kA 'suri' ke rUpa meM ullekha nahIM hai. DA0 deva kA mata hai ki prAcArya ke sthAna para sUri zabda kA prayoga madhyakAla se hI adhikAMza rUpa meM najara AtA hai.. paumacariyaM meM jinamandira banavAne va pratiSThA karavAne kA kAphI Agraha hai. kaI sthAnoM para isa sambandha meM upadeza diye gaye haiM. (pauma-8-167, 406, 86.51) tIrthaMkaroM kI mUttiyoM kI pUjA meM aSTadravya kA pracalana ho cukA thA. bharata ko upadeza dete hue eka muni batalAte haiM ki puSpa, dhUpa, candana, sugandhitadravya, dIpa, darpaNa, abhiSeka, naivedya ityAdi se bhagavAn kI pUjA karane para atyanta puNya kA upArjana hotA hai aura acchI gati prApta hotI hai (pauma0-32 72-81). bhagavAn ke abhiSeka karane kI bahuta mahimA batAyI gayI hai aura abhiSeka ke kaI udAharaNa isa graMtha meM upalabdha haiM. kalyANavijayajI kA mantavya hai ki pUrvakAla meM jala kA upayoga Acamana ke rUpa meM thA, snAna ke rUpa meM nahIM. abhiSeka, vilepana ityAdi bAda kI paramparAe~ haiM. paumacariyaM ke anusAra vaise to muni loga vana, upavana, udyAna, upatyakA, guphA aura caityoM meM Thaharate the parantu jina-mandiroM meM Thaharane kI prathA bhI cala par3I thI (pauma0 86. 14, 18 20) ! isa prakAra caityavAsa kI jhalaka paumacariya meM milatI hai. kalyANavijayajI kA abhiprAya hai ki jIrNoddhAra, pratiSThA, sAdhuoM kA jina-caityoM meM ThaharanA ityAdi viSaya vikrama kI pAMcavIM zatI se pracalita hue jAna par3ate haiM.4 paumacariyaM mahArASTrI prAkRta bhASA meM nibaddha hai aura vaha kAphI vikasita rUpa meM hai. sAtha hI sAtha usa para usa samaya kI bolacAla kI bhASA kA prabhAva bhI hai. isa bolacAla kI bhASA kI jo vizeSatAe~ dRSTigocara hotI haiM, unase vizleSaNa karane para mAlUma hotA hai ki ve hI Age calakara apabhraza kI mUla prakRtiyA~ bana gayIM. isa kSetra meM nimnalikhita vizeSatAe~ dhyAna dene yogya haiM : avyayoM ke sAtha-sAtha nAmavAcI rUpoM tathA kriyApadoM meM laghu aura dIrgha svaroM kA vaikalpika prayoga va zruti ke bIsoM udAharaNa. kriyA ke pUrvakAlika rUpoM meM 'evi' pratyaya kA tIna bAra prayoga. kama se kama dasa bAra 'kiha' aura 'kavaNa' 'katha' aura 'kiM' ke sthAna para prayoga. nAma ke prathamA va usase bhI adhika dvitIyA eka vacana vibhakti ke lopa ke yatratatra phaile hue udAharaNa. strIvAcI 'AkArAnta zabdoM meM paccIsa pratizata aura ikArAnta tathA ukArAnta zabdoM meM pacAsa pratizata ke ausata se dvitIyA eka vacana vibhakti kA lopa. anusvAra sahita aMtima laghu svara ke sthAna para dIrgha svara Ane ke kucha udAharaNa. usabha va nAma zabda ke tRtIyA vibhakti ke do udAharaNa 'usabhe' va 'nAme' aura upamA va utprekSA alaMkAra meM sUcaka zabda 'Najjai' kA prayoga. 1. DA0horAlAla jaina, bhAratIya saMskRti meM jainadharma kA yogadAna, pR0 83, 15, 16. kalyANavijayajI-cahI, pR0 346. 2. DA0 esa0 no0 deva-hisTari Ava jaina monAsijma, pR0 187, 563. 3. vahIM pR0 232, 237, 514. 4. zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra, pR0 304, 305. RSree TEMPA COMHARY Jain Edukion persational a chaarUse One Durjanmeliterary.org
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________________ DaoN0 ke0 RSabhacandra : paumacariyaM ke racanAkAla-sambandhI katipaya aprakAzita tathya : 881 paumacariyaM kI bhASA jisa lokabhASA se prabhAvita huI hai. usako dekhate hue isakA racanA-samaya IsA kI prathama zatAbdiyoM meM nahIM rakhA jA sakatA. isa graMtha meM prayukta gAthA chanda bhI itane utkRSTa rUpa meM hai ki vaha sUkSma se sUkSma lakSaNoM kI kasauTI para kasA jA sakatA hai. ina sabhI uparokta tattvoM ke AdhAra para paumacariyaM kA racanAkAla IzA kI prathama zatAbdI ucita nahIM ThaharatA jaisA ki prazasti meM kahA gayA hai. aneka pramANa yaha sAbita karate haiM ki isa grantha para vikrama kI pAMcavIM zatAbdI ke Asa-pAsa ke vAtAvaraNa kA prabhAva hai. paumacariyaM kI paravartI sImA nizcita karane ke lie aba hama udyotanasUri aura raviSeNa kA sahArA leMge. udyotanasUri apane graMtha kuvalayamAlA' meM, jisakA racanA kAla 778 IsvI san hai, vimalasUri ke paumacariyaM kA ullekha karate haiM. isase eka to yaha pramANita hotA hai ki paupacariyaM AThavIM zatI ke pUrva kI racanA hai, dUsarA yaha ki yadi yaha racanA bahuta purAnI hotI to anya sthAna para kisI purAne graMtha meM isakA ullekha avazya honA cAhie thA. udyotanasUri ne raviSeNa ko bhI smaraNa kiyA hai. padmacaritam raviSeNa kA saMskRta graMtha hai. paumacariyaM aura padmacaritam kI tulanA karane para spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki eka graMtha kisI dUsare kA rUpAntara mAtra hai. paM0 nAthUrAma premI ne yaha siddha kiyA hai ki raviSNa ne apanA padmacaritam paumacariyaM ke AdhAra para hI racA.2 isI mAnyatA ko dRr3ha karane vAle katipaya naye pramANa prastuta karane yogya haiM. paumacariyaM meM hanumAna ke janmasaMbandhI nakSatroM aura lagna kA jo vivaraNa hai vaha jyotiSazAstra kI dRSTi se galata hai jabaki raviSeNa ke padmacaritam meM vahI varNana truTihIna hai. yadi vimalasUri ke graMtha kA AdhAra padmacaritam hotA to usameM truTi Ane kI koI guMjAyaza nahIM thI. mAlUma hotA hai ki raviSeNa ne yaha truTi sudhAra lI hai. aisA hI eka aura udAharaNa hai. paumacariyaM meM bharata aura bhuvanAlaMkAra hastI ke pUrva bhavoM kA varNana AtA hai (pauma082-17-121). Adhe kathAnaka taka to hastI ko apane pUrvabhavoM meM mAyAvI batAyA gayA hai jo ki tiryaMca yoni meM bhava prApta karane ke lie ucita bhI hai, parantu bIca meM truTi raha jAne ke kAraNa bAda meM hastI ke anya pUrvabhavoM kA sambandha bharata ke pUrvabhavoM se jur3a gayA hai. padma-caritam meM aisA nahIM hai. usameM hastI ke hI sabhI pUrva bhavoM meM mAyAvIpana hai. bharata ke pUrvabhavoM meM nahIM. spaSTa hai ki raviSeNa ne paumacariya kI isa asaMgati ko apane padmacaritam meM sulajhA diyA hai (padma085 28-173). eka anya kathAnaka meM rAjA kA nAma padmacaritam (parva 5) ke anusAra vidyudaMSTra hai aura prathama parva meM viSaya kI jo sUcI hai usameM bhI yahI nAma hai. paumacariya meM vahI nAma saba jagaha vijjudADha hai, parantu padmacaritam meM kathAnaka ke uttara bhAga meM usI ko vidyudadRr3ha kahA gayA hai (padma0 5, 30, pauma05-20-41). spaSTa hai ki yaha nAma prAkRta vijjudADha kA galata rUpAntara hai jo ki raviSeNa ne pUrvApara kA dhyAna rakhe vinA paumacariyaM ke nAma ke AdhAra para apanAyA hai, anyathA eka vyakti ke do bhinna nAma kaise ? paumacariyaM meM eka kathA AtI hai jisameM do kAstakAra bhAiyoM kA varNana hai aura unako 'sahoyarA karisayA' kahA gayA hai (pauma0 36,68). raviSeNa ne zAyada nahIM samajhane ke kAraNa yA bhrAnta pATha hone ke kAraNa una do bhAiyoM ke nAma 'surapa' aura 'karSaka' kara diye haiM (padma0 36, 137), kucha vyaktiyoM ke nAmoM kA adhyayana karane se patA calatA hai ki raviSeNa ne apanI kRti meM chandoM ke vargoM kA niyamana karane ke lie paumacariyaM meM Aye huye nAmoM ke lie paryAyavAcI zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA hai, kyoMki padmacaritam ke nAmoM ko yadi vimalasUri vaise ke vaise rakhate to bhI unake mAtrA chanda meM koI truTi nahIM AtI thI, parantu raviSeNa ke sAtha yaha sthiti nahIM thI (udAharaNArtha-pauma-aridamaNo jalana-jaDI, riumahaNo-akkateopadmaH-aridhvaMso vahnijaTI, arimardanaH, vahnitejAH) isake donoM graMthoM meM pAMcavAM adhyAya dhyAna dene yogya hai. raviSeNAcArya kaTTara digambara the yaha suvidita hai. digambara paramparA meM dAzarathI rAma yAni AThaveM baladeva rAma ke nAma se hI paricita haiM, naveM baladeva yAni kRSNa ke bhAI kA nAma padma pAyA jAtA hai. yadi padmacaritam maulika racanA 1. pR0 3, paMkti 27, kuvalayamAlA-DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhye. 2. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa (1956), pR0 10. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Jains..... B T I . . . I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Frelibrary.org . . . . . . . . . . B . . . . haisiOn... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . iiiii . .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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________________ 882 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya hotI to raviSeNa, sAMpradAyika bhAvanA ko dekhate hue, apane grantha kA nAma rAmacaritam hI rakhate na ki padmacaritam. jahA~-jahA~ para bhI presaTha zalAkApuruSoM ke saMdarbha Aye haiM vahA~-vahA~ para baladevoM ke vyaktigata nAmoM ke ullekha chor3a diye gaye haiM, kyoMki yadi unake nAma apanI paramparA ke anusAra ginAte to vaha mAnyatA unake grantha ke nAmakaraNa se viparIta hI ThaharatI. ina saba muddoM ke AdhAra para kahane kI AvazyakatA nahIM ki padmacaritam paumacariyaM kA saMskRta rUpAntara mAtra hai. padmacaritam kA racanAkAla IsvI san 677 hai, ataH paumacariyaM isase pUrva kI racanA honI cAhie. paumacariyaM ke antaHparIkSaNa tathA anya bAhya AdhAroM para se itanA sunizcita ho jAtA hai ki yaha racanA pAMcavIM zatI ke pUrva kI nahIM aura sAtavIM zatI ke bAda kI nahIM. aba prazna yaha uThatA hai ki prazasti meM diye gaye mahAvIra nirvANa ke 530 veM varSa se kyA artha nikAlanA cAhie ? mAlUma hotA hai ki yaha mahAvIra-nirvANa kA saMvat nahIM hokara aura koI dUsarA saMvat honA cAhie. isa dRSTi se zakasaMvat aura kRta yA vikramasaMvat vicAraNIya hai. zaka saMvat ke anusAra paumacariyaM kA racanAkAla 665 IsvI hogA jo raviSeNa ke padmacaritam se bAraha varSa pUrva ThaharatA hai. isa saMvat ko mAnane meM eka prabala Apatti AtI hai. AcArya raviSeNa ke grantha ko par3hane se mAlUma hotA hai ki vaha eka sAMpradAyika grantha bana gayA hai. usameM aneka sthAnoM para digambaratva kA pradarzana hai. dIkSA ko bhI daigambarI dIkSA kahA gayA hai. paumacariyaM meM isa viSaya saMbaMdhI udAratA hai. kisI saMpradAyavizeSa kI ora Agraha nahIM hai. sirpha eka hI sthAna para zvetAmbara sAdhu kA ullekha A jAne se sAMpradAyikatA nahIM A jAtI. mahattva kI bAta to yaha hai ki ve kisI saMpradAya kA pakSa lete haiM yA nahIM. grantha meM varNita aneka tattvoM kA pRthakkaraNa Aja bhI pracalita paramparAoM kI dRSTi se kiyA jAya to zvetAmbara, digambara aura yApanIya sabhI saMpradAyoM kA usa grantha meM samAveza ho jAtA hai. isIlie kucha vidvAn vimalasUri ko apane-apane saMpradAya kA siddha karane ke lie tat-tat tattvoM kA sahArA lete haiM. vAstava meM bAta yaha hai ki vimalasUri ke Upara sAMpradAyikatA kA koI prabhAva nahIM hai. unhoMne jo kucha sunA, dekhA, par3hA aura paramparA se prApta kiyA usI kA varNana kiyA hai. yahAM taka ki kucha vastue~ to digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM paramparAoM ke pratikUla jAtI haiM aura kucha unake apane pUrva kathana ke bhI viparIta par3atI haiM. kalyANavijayajI kA abhiprAya hai ki sAMpradAyika pRthakkaraNa kI prathA aura eka dUsare ko zvetAmbara digambara kahane kI paramparA vikrama kI sAtavIM zatAbdI se pracalita huyI hai.' isa kaTTaratA kA paumacariyaM meM abhAva hai jabaki padmacaritam isa bhedaparaka paramparA kA mahattvapUrNa udAharaNa hai aura dhyAna dene yogya hai ki isa bhedaparaka paramparA ko dRr3ha banane meM kAphI samaya gujarA hogA, sirpha dasa yA pandraha varSa meM itanI ugratA nahIM bar3hI hogI. donoM saMpradAyoM ko yaha mAnya hai ki unakA vibhAjana vikrama kI dUsarI zatAbdI meM ho gayA thA, parantu isakA artha yaha nahIM ki usa vibhAjana ke tatkAla bAda aisI ugratA AgayI hogI. isa kaTTaratA kA bIjAropaNa eka tarapha kundakundAcArya ke samaya se huA jAna par3atA hai aura isake dRr3ha hone ke pramANa dUsarI tarapha jinabhadra ke vizeSAvazyakabhASya meM prApta hote haiM. isalie ina donoM vyaktiyoM ke bAda kI to yaha racanA ho hI nahIM sakatI. yadi aisA hotA to usa samaya kI paristhitiyoM kA prabhAva avazya paumacariyaM meM upasthita rahatA. kundakundAcArya ke bahuta pahale kI yaha racanA nahIM bhI ho to unake AsapAsa yA kucha hI samaya pUrva yA pazcAt kI honI cAhie. dUsarI dalIla yaha hai ki kyA sirpha bAraha varSa pazcAt hI raviSaNAcArya eka udAracarita kathA ko digambara rUpa dene kI himmata kara sakate the ? kyA kisI bhI kSetra se AlocanA yA virodha hone kA unako bhaya nahIM thA aura vizeSataH usa avasthA meM jaba ki unhoMne vimalasUri kA pratyakSataH smaraNa bhI nahIM kiyA thA. saMbhava yaha pratIta hotA hai ki paumacariyaM samAna rUpa se donoM pakSoM ko paryApta samaya taka mAnya rahA hogA aura samaya vyatIta hote-hote jaise-jaise sAMpradAyika kaTTaratA bar3hatI gayI taba raviSaNAcArya ne apane sampradAya meM rAmacarita viSayaka grantha kI AvazyakatA mahasUsa 1. zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra pR0 305. For Private S easonal use only
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________________ DaoN. ke. RSabhacandra : paumacariyaM ke racanAkAla-sambandhI katipaya aprakAzita tathya : 883 kI hogI aura unhoMne padmacaritam kI racanA se usa abhAva ko pUrA kiyA. prazna yaha bhI ho sakatA hai ki zvetAmbaroM ne bhI apanA pRthak sAMpradAyika graMtha kyoM nahIM racA ? isakA uttara svayaM zvetAmbarIya paramparA meM vidyamAna hai. Agama sAhitya ke jo bhI purAne graMtha the una sabako zvetAmbaroM ne apanAye rakhA, cAhe bhale hI unameM zvetAmbarIya kaTTaratA ke virodha kI bhI bAte hoM, parantu bhedabhAva aura kaTTaratA bar3hane para digambaroM ne una granthoM ko aprAmANika ghoSita karake apane lie pUrva bhitti para naye hI sAhitya kI racanA kI. isa dRSTi se zvetAmbaroM ko yaha abhAva khaTaka hI nahIM sakatA thA aura unako alaga kRti racane kI AvazyakatA bhI nahIM par3I hogI. isa taraha se 530 zaka saMvat vivAdAspada ho jAtA hai aura usako mAnane meM ApattiyAM Akara khar3I ho jAtI haiM. taba phira yahI mAnya ho sakatA hai ki ye 530 varSa kRta saMvat ke yAni vikrama saMvat ke hone cAhie. ucita yahI jAna par3atA hai ki yA to kisI lipika ne icchApUrvaka yA kisI bhUla ke kAraNa ise vikrama saMvat meM parivartita kara diyA hai. aisI bhUla kA paramparAgata eka udAharaNa bhI upalabdha hai. prabandhakoSa meM vallabhI ke patana kA samaya mahAvIra nirvANa 845 diyA gayA hai jabaki vividhatIrthakalpa meM vikrama saMvat 845 batalAyA gayA hai.' vAstava meM ise vikrama saMvat mAnanA hI ThIka hai. vikrama saMvat ke anusAra paumacariyaM kA racanA kAla 530-57-473 IsvI san AtA hai jo sabhI dRSTiyoM se ucita ThaharatA hai aura yahI paumacariyaM kI racanA kA prAmANika samaya mAnA jAnA cAhie. 10000 2. hariprasAda zAstrI, maMtraka kAlIna gujarAta, bhAga 1, pR0 157.
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________________ pro. zrIcandra jaina ema0 e0, ela-ela0 bI0 adhyakSa hindI vibhAga, garva0 kAleja, kharagona jaina kathA-sAhitya : eka paricaya bhAratIya loka-kathAoM meM jaina kathAoM kA viziSTa sthAna hai. unakI saMkhyA bhI paryApta hai aura unake viSaya-vivecana meM bhI viziSTa maulikatA hai. saMsAra ke samasta anubhavoM ko apane A~cala meM chipAe hue una kathAoM ne virakti aura sadAcAra ko vizeSataH pratiphalita kiyA hai. yathArthavAda ke dharAtala para nirmita inakI rUpa-rekhAoM meM AdarzavAda kA hI raMga gaharA hai. inhoMne eka bAra nahIM hajAra bAra batAyA hai ki mAnava kA lakSya mokSaprApti hai aura isameM saphala hone ke lie use saMsAra se virakta honA par3egA. yadyapi puNya sukhakara hai aura pApa kI tulanA meM isakI upalabdhi zreyaskara hai phira bhI puNya kI kAmanA kA parityAga eka vizeSa paristhiti meM Atma-zuddhi ke lie Avazyaka hai. isa parama punIta uddezya kA smaraNa ina kathAoM ke mAdhyama se pAThakoM ko bArambAra karAyA gayA hai. ina kathAoM se spaSTa hai ki samasta prANiyoM kI cintA karane vAle jaina-dharma ke siddhAMtoM meM sarvabhUtahitAya' kI bhAvanA sadaiva spaMdita rahI hai. varga-bheda athavA jAti-bheda kI kalpanA ke lie yahA~ sthAna hai hI nahIM. pazu-pakSI, deva-dAnava, rAjA raMka aura zvapaca ko bhI samAna rUpa se dharmopadeza sunAkara jainamuniyoM ne apanI udAratA kA paricaya diyA hai. jainaAcAryoM ne jaina-dharma ke siddhAMtoM ko samajhAne ke lie jina kathAnoM kA sahArA liyA hai, ve korI kAlpanika nahIM hai varana unakI kathAvastu meM vAstavikatA hai tathA AdarzavAda kI paripuSTi meM unakA avasAna huA hai. karmasiddhAMta ke nirUpaNa se ina kathAoM meM pApa-puNya kI vizada vyAkhyA bhI huI hai. pratyeka jIva ko apane karmoM kA phala bhoganA par3atA hai. isa aTala siddhAMta kI paridhi ke bAhara na devatA jA sakate haiM aura na narapati. RSi-muniyoM ko bhI apane kRtyoM ke zubhAzubha pariNAmoM kA anubhava karanA par3atA hai. jisa prakAra eka puNyavAn mAnava pAvana kArya karake svarga ke sUkhoM ko bhogatA hai usI prakAra eka vana-pazu bhI sAmAnya vratoM ke pAlana se deva bana jAtA hai. isI prakAra narapAlaka apane pApoM ke vazIbhUta hokara narakagAmI ho jAtA hai. jaina-dharma punarjanma ke siddhAMta meM pUrNa AsthAvAn hai. isIlie karmavAda kI abhivyakti adhika prabhAvazAlinI bana jAtI hai. kisI kAraNa vizeSa se yadi koI jIva apane vartamAna jIvana meM apane karmoM kA phala nahIM bhoga pAtA to use dUsare janma meM avazya hI bhoganA par3atA hai. jaina loka-kathA-sAhitya para likhate hue zrImatI mohanI zarmA ne kahA hai ki-"jaina kathA-sAhitya mAtrA meM bahuta hI vizAla hai. usameM romAMsa, vRttAnta, jIvajantu loka, paramparA pracalita manoraMjaka, varNanAtmaka, Adi sabhI prakAra kI kathAe~, pracura mAtrA meM milatI haiM. janasAdhAraNa meM apane siddhAMtoM kA pracAra karane ke lie jaina-sAdhu kathAoM ko sabase *** ** * ** * ** * * **
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________________ pro0 zrIcandra jaina : jaina kathA-sAhitya : eka paricaya : ma sulabha va prabhAvazAlI sAdhana mAnate the aura unhoMne isI dRSTi se uparokta sabhI bhASAoM meM, gadya-padya donoM meM hI kahAnI kalA ko carama vikAsa kI sImA taka pahuMcAyA. unakI kathAe~ dainika jIvana kI sarala se sarala bhASA meM hotI thIM. koIkoI kathAe~ to kevala eka hI sAdhAraNa kathA huA karatI thI para adhikAMzataH kathAoM meM bahuta sI gauNa kathAe~ isa DhaMga se milI rahatI thIM ki kathA kA krama nahIM TUTane pAtA thA aura kAphI lambe samaya taka vahI kathA calatI rahatI thI ( jaise paMcataMtra ). 'unakA kathA kahane kA DhaMga anyoM kI apekSA kucha vizeSatA yukta hai. kathA ke prAraMbha meM jaina sAdhu koI prasiddha dharmavAkya yA padyAMza kahate haiM aura phira bAda meM kathA kahanA zurU karate haiM. kathA kI lambAI yA choTAI para ve jarA bhI dhyAna nahIM dete. unakI kathAe~ bahuta hI romAMTika ghaTanAoM (adhikAMza ghaTanAe~ eka dUsare se guvI rahatI hai) se yukta rahatI haiM. kahAnI ke anta meM ve pAThakoM kA paricaya eka kevalI - trikAladarzI jaina sAdhu se karAte haiM. jo kathA se sambaddha nagara meM AtA hai aura kathA ke pAtroM ko sanmArga para Ane kA upadeza detA hai. kevalI kA upadeza sunakara kathA ke pAtra pUchate haiM ki saMsAra meM prANiyoM ko duHkha kyoM sahane par3ate haiM, dukhoM se chUTakArA pAne kA upAya kyA hai ? isa prazna ke uttara meM kevalI jainadharma ke pramukha tattva karma kA varNana karane laga jAtA hai-prANI ke pUrvakRta karmoM ke phalasvarUpa meM hI use sukha yA duHkha kI prApti hotI hai. apane isa kathana kA sambandha vaha kahAnI ke pAtroM ke jIvana meM ghaTita ghaTanAoM se spaSTa karatA hai. bhAratIya kathAkalA kI vizeSatAoM ke rUpa meM hama jaina kathAvRttAntoM ko le sakate haiM. bhAratIya janatA ke pratyeka varga ke AcAra-vicAroM evaM vyavahAroM ke viSaya meM unase yathArtha evaM savistAra paricaya milatA hai. jaina- kathA - vRttAnta vizAla bhAratIya sAhitya ke eka pramukha aMga ke rUpa meM apanA mahattva pradarzita karate haiM. ve kevala bhAratIya lokakathAoM ke kSetra meM hI nahIM, varan bhAratIya sabhyatA va saMskRti ke itihAsa ke kSetra meM bhI atyanta mahattvapUrNa sthAna rakhate haiM. jainoM ke kathA kahane ke DhaMga meM bauddhoM ke DhaMga se kaI bAtoM meM kAphI antara hai. jainoM kI kathA kI mUla vastu bhUta ko vartamAna se sambaddha rakhatI hai. ve apane siddhAMtoM kA sIdhA upadeza nahIM dete, unake kathAnakoM se hI apratyakSa rUpa se unakA upadeza prakaTa hotA hai. eka saba se bar3A antara jo hai, vaha yaha ki unakI kathAoM meM 'bodhisatva' ke samAna bhaviSya ke 'jinake rUpa meM koI pAtra nahIM AtA." (vra0 paM0 candAbAI abhinandana graMtha ( pRSTha 428-430 ). DA0 satyendra, ema0 e0, pI-eca0 DI0 ne bhI jaina loka kathAoM para vicAra prakaTa kie haiM. ve likhate hai- 'jaina sAhitya meM to bauddha sAhitya se bhI adhika kahAniyoM kA bhaNDAra milatA hai. ye kahAniyA~ kucha to dharma ke siddhAMta graMthoM meM AyI hai. ye bahudhA tIrthakaroM tathA unake bhramaNa anuyAyiyoM tathA zalAkApuruSoM kI jIvana-jhAMkiyoM ke rUpa meM jahA~ yahA~ mila jAtI hai. kahIM-kahIM ina graMthoM meM kisI kathA kA saMketa mAtra milatA hai. AcArAMga aura kalpasUtra meM mahAvIra ke jIvana para prakAza par3atA hai. neminAtha aura pArzvanAtha ke sambandha meM bhI inameM vRtta mila jAte haiM. 'nAyAdhammakahAo' meM anekoM dRSTAMta svarUpa rUpaka kahAniyA~ (pairevala ) bhI haiM. ' jaina kathAoM kA vargIkaraNa jaina kathAoM kA vibhAjana karanA sugama nahIM hai, phira bhI pAtroM, evaM varNya viSayoM Adi ke AdhAra para inheM vibhAjita kiyA jA sakatA hai. pAtroM para AdhArita vibhAjana isa prakAra ho sakatA hai : 1. mahArAjA aura mahArAnI sambandhI kathAe~. 2. mahArAjakumAra aura mahArAjakumArI sambandhI kathAe~. 3. uccavarNIya mAnava sambandhI kathAe~. Jain Education Internation 1. braja loka sAhitya kA adhyayana, pRSTha 416 *** *** *** *** wwwwwwwww. *** Dj.org
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________________ 886 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya 4. pazu-pakSI sambandhI kathAeM. 5. deva-dAnava sambandhI kathAeM. 6. jaina-sAdhu sambandhI kathAe~. 7. nIca kulotpanna mAnava sambandhI kathAe~, Adi Adi. viSayAnusAra kathAoM kA vargIkaraNa isa prakAra ho sakatA hai1. vrata sambandhI, 2. tyAga sambandhI, 3. dAna sambandhI, 4. saptavyasana sambandhI, 5. bAraha bhAvanA sambandhI, 6. ratnatraya sambandhI, 7. daza dharma sambandhI. 8. tIrthayAtrA sambandhI, 6. maMtra saMbaMdhI, 10. stotra sambandhI, 11. roga saMbaMdhI, 12. parIkSA viSayaka, 13. tyauhAra sambandhI, 14. camatkAra sambandhI, 15. zAstrArtha sambandhI, 16. bhAgya sambandhI, 17. upasarga sambandhI, 18. svapna sambandhI, 16. yAtrA sambandhI, 20. nIti viSayaka, 21. tIna mUDhatA viSayaka. 22. parISaha saMbaMdhI, kathAe~ Adi Adi. kintu yaha vargIkaraNa pUrNa nahIM kahA jA sakatA, kyoMki hajAroM kathAoM ke viSaya paraspara bahuta bhinna haiM. jaina kathAoM kA prArambha evaM anta jaina kathAoM kA prArambha kathAkAra prAya: maMgalAcaraNa ke sAtha kiyA karate haiM, jisameM jinendradeva athavA sarasvatI kI vandanA karake kathA-nAma kA saMketa bhI diyA jAtA hai. kathA ke prArambhika bhAga meM pramukha pAtra athavA pAtroM ke nivAsasthAna kA ullekha niyamita rUpa se hotA hai. sAtha hI sAtha' puNyavAna zAsaka [rAjA evaM rAnI] ke nAma kA bhI sammAna sahita ullekha kara diyA jAtA hai. kucha zabdoM meM usakI zAsana-vyavasthA kI bhI prazaMsA kara dI jAtI hai. kathA kI samApti hote hote pramukha pAtra para vizeSa AdarzavAda [virakti, bhakti, tapasyA, Adi] kA prabhAva prakaTa ho jAtA hai aura vaha apane kutsita mArga [yadi vaha vilAsI athavA pApI hotA thA] ko chor3akara mokSamArga kA pathika bana jAtA hai. isa prakAra kathA kA anta upadezAtmaka paMktiyoM ke sAtha huA karatA hai. jaina kathAoM kI vyApakatA jaina kathAoM kA vistAra bahuta dUra taka huA hai. kucha kathAe~ to aisI sunane ko milI haiM jinakA ullekha pAzcAtya dezoM kI kathAoM meM bhI huA hai. suprasiddha yuropIya vidvAn zrI sI0 eca0 TAne ne apane 'graMtha' TrejarI Apha sTorija kI bhUmikA meM spaSTa rUpa se svIkAra kiyA hai ki jainoM ke 'kathAkoSa' meM saMgrahIta kathAoM va yoropIya kathAoM meM atyanta nikaTa sAmya hai. 1. (ka) zrIvIraM jinamAnamya vastutattvaprakAzakam . vakSye kathAmayaM granthaM puNyAzravAbhidhAnakam. (kha) namo zAradA sAra budha karaiM harai agha lepa. nizabhojana bhujana' kathA, likhU sugama saMkSepa. (ga) tInoM yoga samhAra kara, bandoM bAra jineza, rakSA bandhana' ko kathA, bhASA karU vizeSa. (gha) paMca parama guru vandike, 'jambukumAra' purANa. karU' padya racanA, bhakti bhAva kara pAna. 2. (ka) jambUdvIpa meM, pUrva videha ke antargata zrArya khaNDa nAmaka sthAna meM avantI deza hai, jisameM susImA nAma kI eka nagarI hai. usa nagara kA zAsanakartA, varadatta nAmaka eka cakravartI samrATa thA. (kha) mahArAja zreNika saradAra, dharmadhuraMdhara parama udAra. nyAya nIti barate tihuM kAla, nirbhaya prajA rahe sukhahAla. -jaMbU svAmI caritra, pR06. . SS HISM RATAARANG INININANINININGINNINANININNI Jain Educa t ional
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________________ pro0 zrIcandra jaina : jaina kathA-sAhitya : eka paricaya : 887 unake vicAra se yaha adhika saMbhava hai ki jina yoropIya kathAoM meM yaha sAmya milatA hai unameM se adhikAMza bhAratIya kathA sAhitya [vizeSataH jaina kathA sAhitya] ke Azrita hoM. prophesara maiksamUlara benke tathA rAisa DeviDsa ne apane graMthoM meM isa bAta ke kAphI pramANa diye haiM ki bhAratIya bauddha kathAe~ loka kaThoM ke mAvyama ke parasiyA se yUropa gaIM. prazna uThanA svAbhAvika hI hai ki jaina kahAniyAM itane dUra-dUra ke pradezoM meM kaise pahu~cIM, jaba ki jainadharma kA vistAra bhArata taka hI sImita hai ? isake uttara meM hama yahI kaheMge [aura yaha saca hai ki ye kahAniyAM jainoM dvArA nahIM, balki bauddhoM dvArA sudUra pradezoM meM le jAI gaI haiM. kyoMki jaina aura bauddha, donoM ne hI jJAnonnati evaM pracAra se uddezya se pUrvIya bhArata kI loka-kathAoM kA samucita upayoga kiyA hai.1 aneka jaina kathAe~ aisI haiM jo kucha antara [parivardhana evaM parivartana] ke sAtha vedoM aura purANoM meM bhI prApta hotI haiM. AcAryoM ne apane apane matoM kI puSTi athavA samarthana ke lie yadi kathAoM meM kucha parivartana kara diyA ho to Azcarya kI bAta nahIM hai. eka sAdhAraNa kathA jaba dharmavizeSa kI paridhi meM pahu~ca jAtI hai taba vaha usa dharma kI bhAvanA se prabhAvita hokara hI bAhara nikalatI hai. bhagavAna rAma tathA kRSNa viSayaka jaina kathAe~ bhI upalabdha haiM, lekina unameM aura vaidika kathAoM meM asAdhAraNa antara A gayA hai. aisI sthiti meM yaha kahanA kaThina ho jAtA hai ki ye kathAe~ jaina sAhitya se anya dharma meM pahu~cI haiM athavA jaina kathAkAroM ne inheM anyatra se upalabdha kiyA hai. videzoM kI loka-kathAoM ke anuzIlana se jJAta hogA ki anekoM jaina-kathAoM ne sAgaroM ko pAra karake vahAM kI mAnyatAoM kI veza-bhUSA se apane ko alaMkRta kara liyA hai, lekina unakA mUlabhUta svarUpa prakaTa ho kara hI rahatA hai.. kathAnoM meM tAtkAlika samAja kA citraNa yadyapi ina kathAoM kA lakSya sAmAjika athavA rAjanItika vAtAvaraNa ko aMkita karanA nahIM hai, phira bhI inameM aise aneka vivaraNa sammilita haiM jinake mAdhyama se pAThaka tatkAlIna sAmAjika sthiti kA sahaja hI adhyayana kara letA hai. mAnava kI svAbhAvika vRttiyoM kA na kabhI nAza huA hai aura na hogA. vaha saundarya-premI hotA hai aura isIlie manamohaka sundaratA kI ora svataH AkarSita ho jAtA hai. aneka kathAoM meM pradarzita kiyA gayA hai ki amuka rAjA yA dhanika yA sampanna vyaktti amuka kisI sundara strI para mohita ho gayA aura usakI prApti ke lie aneka upAya bhI karane lagA, lekina devI-devatAoM ne satI kI pukAra sunI aura vaha narAdhama apane kukarma ke lie daNDita kiyA gayA. usa samaya yAtAyAta ke sAdhana sImita the aura vyApArI bailoM, ghor3oM U~ToM tathA jahAjoM ke dvArA hI apane vyavasAya ko samunnata banAte the. lekina saMrakSaNa kA pUrNa prabandha na hone se vanoM, pahAr3oM tathA nirjana sthAnoM meM ve dhanika vyApArI aksara coroM aura DAkuoM dvArA lUTa lie jAte the. aparAdhoM kI vRddhi ko rokane ke lie tatkAlIna zAsaka bar3A kaThora daNDa dete the. corI ke lie prAcIna kAla meM zUlI kI sajA dI jAtI thI. kanyAe~ vividha kalAoM kA adhyayana karake apanI icchAnusAra apane jIvana sAthI kA cunAva karane meM svatantra thI. ve kaThina parIkSAoM meM saphala yuvakoM ko hI apanA pati banAnA cAhatI thIM [dekhie jayakumAra-sulocanA Adi kI kathA]. samRddhi aura vilAsitA ke jhUloM meM bhUlate hue bhI mAnavoM kA mAnasa eka sAdhAraNa ghaTanA se prabhAvita ho jAtA thA aura ve saMsAra kA parityAga karake AtmoddhAra meM saMlagna ho jAte the. jaladhara ko ananta AkAza meM vilIna hote dekhakara athavA eka zveta keza ke darzana mAtra se insAna kA mana virakta ho jAyA karatA thA. bahupatnI-prathA kA pracalana usa purA 1. jaina loka-kathA-sAhitya--zrImatI mohinI zarmA. 2. zrIpAla ko sAgara vipai jaba seTha girAyA, usakI ramA se ramane ko AyA vo behayA. usa vakta ke saMkaTa meM satI tumako jo dhyAyA, dukhadaMDa phanda meTake Ananda bar3hAyA. -saMkaTamocana vinatI. PARTPHANT ANA ININANININNINANDININRNININNINNINorg
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________________ 888 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya wanawwwwwwwwwwwwww tana kAla kI vizeSatA kahI jAya to anucita na hogA. narapati tathA dhanika varga aneka patniyoM kA pati bana kara apanI kAmavAsanA kI pUrti karatA thA. hariNyavarmA ne eka hajAra kumAriyoM ko apanI patniyoM ke rUpa meM rakhA thA. [dekhiejayakumAra-sulocanA kI kathA]. tatkAlIna nareza apanI prajA kA pUrNa rUpeNa saMrakSaNa karate the aura niSpakSa nyAya ke kAraNa bar3e loka-priya the. sAmAjika jIvana sukhI aura samRddha thA tathA sAMsArika sukhoM kA bhoga mAnava-samAja suruci se karatA rahatA thA. samaya Ane para muktakaroM se dAna bhI detA thA. paropakAra-niratatA usa kAla kI vizeSa dena thI. sundara veza-bhUSA evaM sugaMdhita padArthoM kA bAhulya dhana saMpanna kA pratIka thA. vividha lokavizvAsoM ke sAtha-sAtha svapnoM ke prati mAnavoM kI prAcIna kAla meM vizeSa AsthA thI. ve ina svapnoM ke dvArA zubhAzubha kA parijJAna kara liyA karate the. [dekhie nandimitra kI kathA-rAjA candragupta ke 16 svapna]. purAtana kathA-sAhitya ke adhyayana se prakaTa hotA hai ki jIvana saharI ke cunAva meM jAtigata bandhana nagaNya the. yuvaka apanI icchAnusAra yuvatI ko cuna letA thA. dekhie arddhadagdha mahApuruSoM aura bakare kI kathA-vasantilakA aura cArudatta kI praNayakathA] ina kathAoM ke anuzIlana se bhI jJAta hotA hai ki jainadharma ke pAlanArtha kisI jAtivizeSa kI paridhi cihna nahIM thI. brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya ke atirikta zUdra aura antyaja bhI jaina dharma kI ArAdhanA se vaMcita nahIM kiye jAte the. dekhie bhIla-bhIlinI kI kathA evaM mAlI kI lar3akiyoM kI kathA] pazu bhI jaina dharma ke zraddhAna se paramasukha ko prApta ho sakate haiM [dekhie sugrIva baila kI kathA evaM bandara kI kathA]' isa prakAra ye kathAe~ prAcanI jaina saMskRti kA eka suhAvanA bahuraMgI citra upasthita karatI hai. 1. 'jina kathAoM kA yahA~ saMketa kiyA gayA hai. ve puNyAtraba kathA-koSa meM saMgrahIta haiM.' Jain Education Intemational
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________________ zrIzAntilAla bhAradvAja 'rAkeza' mevAr3a meM racita jaina sAhitya dharma-darzana aura sAhitya loka-kalyANa aura sAhitya-loka-kalyANa jahAM sAhitya kI sArthakatA kA eka viziSTa mAnadaNDa hai vahAM jaina-sAhitya mahatI pratiSThA kA adhikArI hai. jaina-dharma dayA, satya, ahiMsA aura tyAga jaisI dharma kI zAzvata mAnyatAoM kA jitanA pratiSThApaka rahA hai, lokajIvana meM svastha sAmAjika vyavasthA kA bhI vaha utanA hI mahAn mArgadarzaka rahA. jaina santoM ne, jo sAmAjika jIvana meM ghulakara bhI asaMpRkta rahe, eka ora dharma ko tathA dUsarI ora sAhitya ko jo apanI dena dI hai, bhAratIya cetanA ko, itihAsa ko, usakA RNI rahanA par3egA. dharma aura kAvya--dharma, darzana, kAvya yA sAhitya, samAja, tarka aura manovijJAna-dekhA jAya to mAnava kI vicAracetanA ke yaha vibhinna pRSTha eka dusare se itane asambaddha nahIM haiM jitane dikhAI dete haiM. dharma kA jisa kSaNa janma haikAvya kA janma bhI usI kSaNa hai. dharma kA artha jaba cocalebAjI bana gayA taba kathita dhArmikatA ne bhI kAvya ko vikRta kiyA lekina niSkarSa phira bhI yaha nahIM nikala sakatA ki dharma aura kAvya meM koI sAmaJjasya nahIM. AcArya rAmacandra zukla ne bhI 'kAvya para dhArmika prabhAva' ke sambandha meM ina bhayaMkara pariNAmoM kI cetAvanI dI thI ki dharma ko kAvya se bahiSkRta karane kA artha hindI ke lie tulasI aura sUra jaise kaviyoM ke uttarAdhikAra se vaMcita raha jAnA hogA. aura yaha satya bhI hai ki hamArA kAvya aura hamArA dharma donoM kA pravAha hameM eka hI udgama se prakaTa dikhAI detA hai. eka-dharma kI vyavasthA hotI hai. dUsarA-dhArmika prabhAva kA kAvya hotA hai. inameM bheda hotA hai; anyathA bheda honA cAhiye. kAvya ke kSetra meM dharma ko bhI maryAdita honA par3atA hai kyoMki kAvya ke lie rasajJatA kA nirvAha pratikSaNa Avazyaka hai. hA~--jahA~ dharma kAvya ko apanA AvaraNa hI mAnakara cale vahA~ thothI upadezAtmakatA kAvya-dharma-zrotA yA pAThaka-sabhI ke lie bhArI par3atI hai. kAvyasRjana bhI saphala tabhI hotA hai jaba vaha sRSTA kA dharma bana jAya. samartha paramparA-jaina-sAhitya eka lambI aura samartha paramparA kA itihAsa saMbhAlate hue bhI sAhityAlocakoM ke eka viziSTa varga kI upekSA kA pAtra rahA hai. isake kaI kAraNa samajha meM Ate haiM. upekSA ke kAraNa eka to jaina santoM kA, bhASA kI rUr3ha maryAdAoM meM baMdhe rahakara, janabhASA ke parivartita svarUpoM ko aMgIkAra karate cale jAnA. vaiSNava dharma kI paramparA meM saMskRta-graMtha aura jaina-dharma kI paramparA meM prAkRta aura apabhraMza-phira vaha yuga bhI dharmAdhIzoM ke zAstrArtha kA-isalie sambhava yaha lagatA hai ki rAjyAzraya bhogane vAle paNDita cAhe caurAsI AsanoM kI hI kasarata meM lage rahe hoM, lekina unhoMne itara bhASAoM meM racita jaina sAhitya ko pratiSThA nahIM dI hogI. dUsarA kAraNa yaha bhI ki dhIre-dhIre jainadharma bhI apane saMkoca-dharma kA pAlana karane lagA thA. KURIHIHAR MAHRAMA Jain EducTITA My LITERTAIMER PHATARNAKAMANASVEERIMILA FORPrivate spersonal use only DAam -n.tw
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________________ wwwww~~~~~~~ 860 : muni zrI hajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya sthiti aisI bhI AI ki jaina maMdira- sAhitya- jainAcArya aura zrAvaka, basa isI duniyA meM yaha dhArmika Andolana calatA rahA aura dhIre-dhIre jana-jIvana se haTakara jaina sAhitya eka dina anusandhAna kI vastu bana gayA. Jain Education mat cetanA kA sAhitya - kisa dharma ke saMtoM kI paramparA sAhitya-sRjana se itanI baMdhI rahI hai ? paraloka hotA ho cAhe na hotA ho, ihaloka ke kalyANa ke lie bhI ve nirantara sAhitya kA amRta pilAte rahe aura viSa ke AkarSaNa meM na phaMsane kI sadaiva betAvanI dete rahe. bhASA ke mAdhyama kA yaha pragatizIla dRSTikoNa dhArmika siddhAntoM kI prabhAvotpAdakatA kI dRSTi se bhI sArthaka rahA, usane yuga yathArtha ke itihAsa ke sAtha bhI nyAya kiyA aura siddhAntarUpa meM usane svayaM apane bhItara vikAsa kI bhI prabala sambhAvanA chor3I. isIlie Aja kA eka dina aisA bhI AyA jahAM jaina sAhitya apanA sarvasva sthApita kara cukA hai. jAyasI aura svayaMbhU - Aja hindI sAhitya kI paramparA kA itihAsa khojane jAte haiM to prAkRta apabhraMza ke yugoM meM jaina sAhitya kA gaurava hI hamArA hAtha thAMmatA hai aura taba yaha prazna uThatA hai ki sUphI jAyasI jaba hamAre lie paThanIya ho sakatA hai to jaina svayaMbhU hamAre lie paThanIya kyoM nahIM ho sakatA ? dhArmika pratispardhA kI jar3eM dinoMdina sUkhatI jA rahI haiM aura jaina sAhitya ke vizada anusaMdhAna kI pravRtti Aja to eka Andolana kA rUpa le cukI hai. adhyAtmalakSI darzana - bhAratIya darzana adhyAtmalakSI hai. isameM pazcima ke darzana kI bhA~ti buddhi ko pradhAnatA nahIM dI gaI hai. yahA~ Atmatattva kI zuddhi pradhAna hai, aura bhAratIya darzana kA yahI mUla saMskAra bhAratIya dharma aura samAja kI vyavasthAoM ko pratikSaNa prabhAvita karatA rahA hai. zraddhA jJAna aura kriyA ko jainazAstroM meM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritra ke nAma se jAnA gayA hai lekina AsthA- viveka aura sakriyatA - inheM apanA lene se jIvana kA vividha sUtroM ko jor3a pAne kA sadaiva prayatna karatA rahA hai. sAdhanA ke sopAna agara pUre nahIM to lagabhaga samAna haiM. prazasta patha khulatA hai aura jaina sAhitya bhI siddhi ke ina jaina darzana kahatA hai ki AtmA aura saccidAnanda satya hai. isameM azuddhi, vikAra, duHkharUpatA, ajJAna aura moha ke kAraNa hotI hai. jainadarzana eka ora vivekazakti ko vikasita karane kI bAta kahatA hai to dUsarI ora vaha rAgadveSa ke saMskAroM ko naSTa karane ko kahatA hai. vahA~ aviveka aura moha hI saMsAra haiM yA usake kAraNa haiM. jaina - sAhitya lokajIvana ko unnata aura cAritrazIla banAne vAlI viziSTa dharma hai lekina kisI bhI dharma yA deza ke loga usakA pAlana aisI haiM jo sabhI ke lie Avazyaka haiM aura raheMgI. jaina sAhitya vizAla hai. prAkRta saMskRta aura dezabhASA sAhitya ke nAmakaraNa kI tithi se lekara Aja taka kI gata sabhI zatAbdiyoM meM pratiSThita aura lokamAnya bhASAoM meM sAhitya-racanA kA zreya jaina sAhityakAroM ko hai tamila, telagu, kannar3a, hindI, marAThI, gujarAtI, baMgalA aura rAjasthAnI - vibhinna bhAratIya bhASAoM meM jaina sAhitya racA gayA hai. jaina sAhitya ke vikAsa-yatha meM aneka saMta sAhityakAroM aura AcAyoM kA yoga milA hai. ** 'paumacariu' ke racayitA zrI vimalasUri, 'harivaMza purANa' ke AcArya jinasena, 'pANDavacarita' ke devaprabhasUri, 'trizaSThizalAkA puruSa carita' ke jainAcArya hemacandra, 'jambUsvAmicarita' ke mahAkavi vIra, 'raMbhAmaMjarI' ke nayacandra, 'bhavissayatta kahA' ke dhanapAla, apabhraMza ke vAlmIki mahAkavi svayaMbhU, dhUrtasthAna' ke zrI haribhadrasUri 'bRhatkathAkoSa' ke zrI hariSeNa jaise aneka diggaja racanAkAroM kI sRSTi kA yaha vizAla vAGmaya apane sudRr3ha astitva ko svataH pramANita kara rahA hai. 4. jaina dArzanika sAhitya kA siMhAvalokana zrIdalasukha, mAlavaNiyA . naitika zikSA kA vAGmaya hai. kahane ko vaha eka kara sakate haiM. arthAt usakI kaI mUla mAnyatAe~ *** * *** ** ary.org
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________________ zAntilAla bhAradvAja 'rAkeza' : mevAr3a meM racita jaina-sAhitya : 861 siddhasena divAkara tathA anya AcArya siddhasena divAkara jaina paramparA meM tarka-vidyA ke praNetA aura jaina paramparA ke prathama saMskRta kavi ke rUpa meM sammAnita haiM. nayacandra ke sambandha meM svayaMbhU ne kahA hai ki usake kAvya meM amaracandra kA lAlitya aura zrIharSa kI vakrimA-donoM guNa haiM. mahApaNDita rAhula sAMkRtyAyana ne saMskRta ke bhASyakAroM meM zrI prabhAkara gupta ko mahatI pratiSThA dI hai aura darzana-vyAkaraNa aura kAvya ke AcArya hemacandra kA 'trizaSThizalAkApuruSa caritra' vizva-sAhitya kA bejor3a kAvya mAnA gayA hai.' haribhadrasUri ke prAkRta graMtha 'dhUrtAkhyAna' ke sambandha meM yaha mAnyatA prakaTa kI gaI hai ki yaha grantha samuccaya bhAratIya sAhitya meM apane DhaMga kI maulika graMthapaddhati kA eka uttama udAharaNa hai.2 apabhraMza kA gaurava-hindI kI jananI apabhraza bhASA ke sAhitya meM to sarvatra jaina santoM kA hI sAhitya milatA hai. svayaMbhU, dhanapAla, joindu, muni kanakAmara zAlibhadra, vijayacandrasUri, haribhadra sUri, jinadatta sUri, varddhamAna sUri, zAlibhadra sUri, devasUri, vinayacandrasUri, udyotanasUri, somaprabhasUri, jinaprabhasUri aura ratnaprabhasUri' jaise aneka racanAkAroM ne apabhraMza bhASA ko zreSTha sAhitya diyA hai. jaina racita apabhraza sAhitya ke vibhinna svarUpoM meM hameM hindI aura usakI sahAyaka bhASAoM tathA anya kaI bhAratIya bhASAoM ke janma aura vikAsa kI kahAnI milatI hai. hindI Aja apabhraza kI jitanI RNI hai--jaina sAhityakAroM kI bhI utanI hI RNI hai. sAhitya kI lagabhaga sabhI samakAlIna vidyAoM meM jaina-sAhitya kI racanA huI haiM. vahA~ yazazcandra, vAricandra, medhaprabhAcArya rAmacandra , devavijaya, yazapAla, vijayapAla aura hastimala jaise nATakakAra; pAdalipta, haribhadra, udyotanasUri, jinezvara, devabhadra, rAjazekhara aura hemahaMsa jaise kathAkAra; candraprabhasUri, hematuga, rAjazekhara aura jinaprabhasUri jaise nibandhakAra evaM itihAsakAra ; oDayadeva jaise gadyakAvyakAra; somadeva, harizcandra, arhaddAsa jaise campUkAra aura vIra nandi, vAdirAja, dhanaJjaya, vAgbhaTTa, abhayadeva, aura municandra jaise mahAkAvyakAra bar3I saMkhyA meM eka sAtha milate haiM jinhoMne stara aura parimANa-donoM dRSTiyoM se saphala racanAkAroM meM apanA sthAna banAyA hai. jaina-sAhitya ke AkarSaNa aneka haiM lekina prastuta nibandha kI maryAdA meM unakI vistRta carcA na apekSita hai aura na samIcIna hI, isalie ucita yahI hogA ki 'mevAr3a meM racita jaina sAhitya' kA yathA upalabdha vivaraNa prastuta kiyA jAya. jainAcArya aura mevAr3a jainAcArya siddhasena divAkara pahale AcArya the jinhoMne cittaur3a meM praveza kiyA. jaina-granthoM ke anusAra ve yazasvI bhAratasamrATa vikramAditya ke pratibodhaka, pragAr3ha paNDita aura mahAn dArzanika the. prAcArya haribhadra aura caityavAsI paramparA-AThavIM yA navIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna AcArya haribhadrasUri kA rAjasthAna se, vizeSakara cittaur3a se ghaniSTha sambandha rahA hai. jaina saMtoM meM yaha eka aise AcArya the jinhoMne dharma ko mArga bhaTaka jAne se bacAyA. jaina santoM meM una dinoM caityavAsiyoM kA bar3A prabhAva thA. ve caityoM yA maThoM meM rahate the aura dhIredhIre aneka AsaktiyoM se baMdha gaye the. maThoM meM rahanA, devadravya kA upayoga, raMga-biraMge vastra, striyoM ke Age gAnA, do tIna bAra bhojana, tAmbUla va lavaMga kA sevana tathA jyaunAroM meM ziSTa AhAra-unameM maThAdhIzoM kI vikRtiyA~ panapane lagI thI, ve muhUrta nikAlate the. nimitta batalAte the, zRMgAra karate the, itra lagAte the, kraya-vikraya karate the aura cele banAne ke liye baccoM taka ko kharIdate the.4 1. jaina sAhitya-DA0 hajArIprasAda dvivedI. 2. kathAkoSa prakaraNa kI bhUmikA-muni jinavijaya (sindhI jaina, granthamAlA-granthAMka 11) 3. jaina sAhitya aura cittaur3a-'agascanda nATA. 4. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa-nAthUrAma premI. * * * * * * * * * Jains... . . . . . . . . . . !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !! . .
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________________ wwwwww Jain Education nier 862 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-prantha : caturtha adhyAya AcArya haribhadra ne inheM bhraSTa aura satyapatha kA virodhI ghoSita kiyA aura jainadharma ko naI dizA dene ke isa Andolana ko lambe samaya taka calAyA. prabhAcandrasUri racita 'prabhAvaka caritra' ke anusAra ve mevAr3a ke tatkAlIna zAsaka citAri ke purohita the. ve jainAgamoM meM sabase pahale saMskRta TIkAkAra aura jainetara graMthoM ke bhI sarvaprathama TIkAkAra mAne gaye haiM. brAhmaNa kula meM utpanna zrI haribhadra sUri ne cittaur3a meM hI janma liyA aura cittaur3a hI inakA pradhAna kAryakSetra rahA. prApta jAnakArI ke anusAra inhoMne 1444 graMtha banAye jinameM se lagabhaga 80 graMtha prApta haiM. haribhadra kA sAhitya - AcArya haribhadra racita graMthoM kA paricaya isa prakAra hai 1. zAstravArttAsamuccaya 2. darzanasamuccaya 5. yogabindu 7. anekAntajayapatAkA 6. vedabAhyatA nirAkaraNa 11. saMbodhasaptatikA 13. viMzatikA prakaraNa 15. anuyogadvAra sUtravRtti 17. nandI lata 16. prajJApanA sUtra pradeza vyAkhyA 21. paMcavastuprakaraNa TIkA 23. zrAvakadharma vidhi paMcAzaka 25. jJAnapaMcaka vivaraNa 27. lokatattvanirNaya 26. darzana saptatikA 31. jJAna citrikA 33. SoDaSaka 35. kathAkoSa 67. yazodhara caritra 39. svAna 2. yogadRSTisamuccaya 4. yogazataka *** 6. dharmabindu 8. anekAntavAdaprakAza *** 10. saMbodhaprakaraNa 12. upadezapada prakaraNa 14. Avazyaka sUtra bRhadvRtti 16. dignAgakRta nyAyapraveza sUtra vRtti 18. dazavekAlikavRtti haribhadrasUri viracita graMthoM kI saMkhyA pratikramaNa arthadIpikA ke AdhAra para 1444, "caturdazazata prakaraNa prottuMga prAsAdasUtraNaikasUtradhAraH" ityAdi pATha ke anusAra 1400 tathA rAjazekhara sUrikRta caturviMzati prabandha ke AdhAra para 1440 mAnI jAtI hai. muni jinavijayajI ke kathanAnusAra unake upalabdha graMtha 28 haiM jinameM se 20 graMtha chapa cuke haiM. satya ke anveSI - haribhadrasUri ke sAhitya meM unakI udAra dharmabhAvanA kA paricaya milatA hai. ve vyavasthA yA mAnyatA ke paramparAgata satya ko pahale apane viveka kI kasauTI para kasate the. jo calA A rahA hai vahI satya hai, yaha mAnyatA AcArya haribhadra kI nahIM thI. 20. jambUdvIpa saMgrahiNI 22. paMcasUtra prakaraNa TIkA 24. dIkSAvidhi paMcAzaka 26. lagnakuNDalikA 28. aSTaka prakaraNa 30. zrAvakaprajJapti 32. dharmasaMgrahaNI 34. lalitavistarA 36. samarAicca kahA 38. vIrAMgada kathA 40. munipaticaritra Adi. 'pakSapAta na me vIre na dveSaH kapilAdiSu / yuktimad vacanaM yasya tasya kAryaH parigrahaH // " 'mujhe bhagavAn mahAvIra ke prati koI pakSapAta nahIM evaM kapila Adi maharSiyoM ke prati koI dveSa bhI nahIM, parantu jinakA *** ** www.jaintelforary.org
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________________ zAntilAla bhAradvAja 'rAkeza' : mevAr3a meM racita jaina-sAhitya : 863 wwwwwwwwwwwwww vacana yuktiyukta hotA hai vahI grahaNa karane yogya hai.' AcArya haribhadra kI ina pragatizIla mAnyatAoM ne jainadharma ke Andolana kA bar3A hita kiyA aura yaha siddha hai ki una svaya ne vipula sAhitya kI racanA kI. unakA svargavAsa vi0 saM0 585 meM likhA pAyA gayA hai lekina muni jinavijaya jI ne unakA samaya vi0 saM0 557 se 827 kA mAnA hai aura DA0 harmana yAkobI ne bhI isI mata kA samarthana kiyA hai. 'samarAicca kahA' haribhadra kI amara kRti hai. 'dhUrtAkhyAna' ko bhAratIya sAhitya meM apane DhaMga kI maulika graMtha paddhati kA eka uttama udAharaNa mAnA gayA hai. jinavallabhasUri-bArahavIM zatAbdI meM AcArya jinavallabhasUri ne cittaur3a meM kaI varSa rahakara vidhimArga kA pracAra kiyA. unake vidhimArga ne caityavAsiyoM ko bar3I zaktizAlI cunautI dI. ve chanda, kAvya, darzana aura jyotiSa ke vidvAna the. kavi, sAhityakAra aura granthakAra ke rUpa meM unakI bar3I pratiSThA hai. cittaur3a hI jinavallabhasUri ke prabhAva kA udgama aura kendrasthAna banA. saMghapaTTaka aura dharmazikSA---ina do racanAoM ko zrI jinavallabhasUri ne svapratiSThita mahAvIra svAmI ke maMdira (cittaur3a) meM saM0 1164 meM zilAlekhoM meM aMkita karavAyA. jinavallabhasUri saM0 1166 meM AcArya pada ko prApta huye. cittaur3a kA gaurava-itihAsa aura purAtattva kI dRSTi se cittaur3a tathA usake samIpavartI kSetra (mAdhyamikA) kA bar3A mahattva hai. pAtaJjali-kAlIna bhArata (DA0 prabhudayAla agnihotrI) meM jisa mAdhyamikA nagarI kA ullekha milatA hai vaha cittaur3a ke samIpa thI. I0 pU0 dvitIya zatAbdI meM minANDara ne sAketa aura mAdhyamikA para AkramaNa kiyA thA. DA0 bhaNDArakara ke matAnusAra puSyamitra ne sAketa aura mAdhyamikA kI vijaya ke bAda hI pahalA azvamedha yajJa kiyA. candrabhASA aura sindha ke madhyavartI deza kA nAma zaiva deza thA jisakI rAjadhAnI zivapura yA zivipura thI. ziviyoM meM kucha loga apanA pradeza chor3akara uttara paMjAba aura rAjapUtAnA meM cale Aye. eka dUsarI zAkhA rAjapUtAnA meM cittaur3a ke pAsa jA basI. yahAM inakI rAjadhAnI cetapura thI, yaha sthAna cittaur3a se 11 mIla uttara meM hai aura yahI pAtaMjali kI mAdhyamikA hai. mAdhyamikA-mAdhyamikA ko nagarI nAma se bhI jAnA jAtA hai. yaha nagarI vahI hai jisakA ullekha 'aruNadayavanomAdhyamikAm' ityAdi ke rUpa meM pAtaJjali ke mahAbhASya meM milatA hai. yaha zivi janapada kI rAjadhAnI thI. isI mAdhyamikA ke nAma para jaina zvetAmbara saMpradAya ke eka muni-saMgha kI purAtanakAla meM eka zAkhA prasiddha huI jisakA ullekha kalpasUtra kI sthavirAvalI meM 'majjhimA sAhA (mAdhyamikA zAkhA) ke rUpa meM milatA hai. isI sthAna para aitihAsika mahattva ke aneka prAcIna sikke mile haiM. kiMvadaMtiyoM ke anusAra isa nagarI ke bhagnAvazeSoM kI IMTeM mahAbhArata kAlIna batAI jAtI haiM. yaha nagarI Aja se 2000 varSa se bhI pUrva ke bauddha va jainadharma ke prAdurbhAva kA itihAsa apane sAtha jor3e huye hai. zaiva, zAkta aura vaiSNava ke atirikta yaha sthAna jainiyoM aura bauddhoM ke dharmapracAra kA bhI pramukha kendra rahA hai . cittaur3a jainAcAryoM ke AcAryatva kA dIkSAsthala bhI rahA hai. jinadattasUri AcArya jinavallabhasUri ke uparAMta unhIM ke paTTadhara zrI jinadattasUri kA nAma pramukha rUpa se AtA hai. inakA kAryakSetra 1. haribhadrasUri-IzvaralAla jaina (jaina satyaprakAza). ** * *** *** ** * ** * . . . . . . . . . . . ... . .. . . . JainEQUENot . . . . . i . . . . rora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " .. . . . . . rary.org . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IT . . T . .
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________________ 864 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya mevAr3a, mAravAr3a, vAgar3a, sindha, dillI aura gujarAta rahA. jinadattasUri vyAkaraNa, koSa, chanda, kAvya, alaMkAra, nATaka jyotiSa, vaidyaka aura darzana ke prakANDa paNDita aura eka samartha sAhityakAra the. prAkRta, saMskRta aura apabhraza ke isa vidvAna lekhaka ne aneka granthoM kI racanA kI. 'gaNadhara sArdhazataka' unakA eka vikhyAta grantha hai jisameM prasiddha gaNadharoM kI prazastiyA~ haiM. isa grantha meM 150 prAkRta gAthAe~ hai. zrI jinadattasUri kI nimna racanAoM kA ullekha milatA hai1. gaNadhara sArdhazataka (prAkRta) 2. saMdeha dohAvalI 3. caityavaMdana kulakam 4. sugurupArataMtryastava (prAkRta) 5. upadeza rasAyanam [apabhraMza 6. carcarI [apabhraza] 7. kAlasvarUpa kulakam [apabhraza] 8. sarvAdhiSThAyi stotrayaM (prAkRta) 6. vighnavinAzistotra (prAkRta) 10. vizikA (saMskRta) 11. upadezakulakam 12. avasthA kulakam 13. zrutastava 14. adhyAtmagItAni 15. utsUtra padodghATana. kathita dharmaguruoM ke viruddha Andolana karake unhoMne naitika mUlyoM kI pratiSThA para bala diyA. ve vikhyAta sAhityasamAlocaka mammaTa ke samakAlIna the. mammaTa kAvya meM rasa ko pradhAnatA dete haiM aura jinadattasUri kI racanAoM meM bhI bhAvapakSa pradhAna hai. unakA sRjana stutiparaka bhI rahA aura aupadezika bhI. somasundarasUri--tapAgaccha ke prabhAvaka aura vidvAna AcArya somasundarasUri kA sambandha mevAr3a ke delavAr3A nAmaka sthAna se rahA hai. san 1450 se inheM upAdhyAya pada prApta huA aura unhoMne tatkAla hI devakulapATaka (delavAr3A) meM praveza kiyA. taba rANA lAkhA ke maMtrI rAmadeva aura cUNDA ne pravezotsava karavAyA. AcArya somasundara ne delavAr3A meM hI 'saMtIkaraM stotra' kI racanA kI jisakA pATha Aja bhI jaina samAja meM pratidina kiyA jAtA hai. inake samaya meM delavAr3A meM pracura sAhityasRjana aura pratilekhana huA. citrakUTa (cittaur3a) aura delavAr3A ke sAtha-sAtha mevAr3a ke AghATa [Ayar3a], karaher3A [karer3A], nAgadaha [nAgadA], kezariyA jI, kuMbhalagar3ha, mAMDalagar3ha, bijauliyA, jAvara, udayapura, kAMkaraulI Adi aneka kSetroM meM bhI vipula jaina sAhitya kI racanA huI hai. mevAr3a kA sRjana 1. zalAkA sattarI-jaina AcArya hematilakasUri racita apabhraMza bhASA kI isa racanA meM sattara mahApuruSoM ke jIvanacarItra haiM. hematilakasUri ko AcArya pada saM0 1382 meM prApta huA. 2. mAtRkAkSara caitya paripATI-phAlguna su0 6 saM0 1477 meM AcArya hemahaMsa ne isa kRti kI racanA kI. isameM akArAdi krama se jaina tIrthoM kI nAmAvalI prastuta kI gaI hai. ukta kRti kI eka prati muni kAntisAgara jI ke saMgraha meM dekhane ko milI hai jisakA lipikAra bhI lekhaka svayaM hai. 3. guruguNaSaTtriMzikA-zrI ratnazekharasUri ne saM0 1485 meM jaina guruoM para yaha apabhraMza kA stuti kAvya likhA. muni kAntisAgara jI ke saMgraha meM jo prati milI usake lipikAra bhI zrI ratnazekharasUri hI haiM. 1. gaNadhara sArdhazataka aura unako bRhad vRtti-muni kAMtisAgara, JainEducation a Private Person www.jainenorary.org
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________________ zAntilAla bhAradvAja 'rAkeza' : mevAr3a meM racita jaina-sAhitya : 895 wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww 4. citrakUTa prazasti-jinasundarasUri ke ziSya zrI cAritraratna gaNi ne cittaur3a ke mahAvIra-maMdira kI yaha prazasti saM0 1465 meM likhI. ukta prazasti kI saM0 1508 kI pratilipita prati bhaNDArakara risarca insTITyUTa paTanA meM upalabdha haiM. 5. aitihAsika guru zrAvaliyAM-jaina muni hemasAra ne isa meM AcAryoM kA caritra citraNa kiyA hai. hemasAra saM0 1466 meM delavAr3A meM the. ukta kavi kI nimna racanAoM kA bhI ullekha milatA hai : [a] jJAna paMcamI caupAI [ba] guru AvalI ullikhita pustaka kI bhI eka hI prati muni kAMtisAgara jI ke saMgraha meM dekhane ko milI hai. 6. vastupAla carita kAvya 7. ratnazekhara kathA-uparokta donoM kRtiyoM kI racanA AcArya jayacandrasUri ke ziSya jinaharSagaNi ne saM0 1467 meM cittaur3a meM kI. ma. jJAna pradIpa-cittaur3a meM saM0 1467 meM vizAlarAja nAmaka muni ne isa grantha kI racanA sampanna kI. 6. citrakUTa-caitya-paripATI-vikhyAta jaina gadyakAra zrI pAzucandrasUri racita 'citrakUTa-caitya-paripATI' meM jainamaMdiroM kA sundara varNana milatA hai. pAzucandrasUri kA janma saM0 1537, AcAryapada saM0 1565 aura svargArohaNa saM0 1612 kA rahA hai isaliye 16 vIM aura 17 vIM zatAbdI ke saMdhikAla kI mAnI jAnI cAhie. 10. vikrama-khApara caritra caupaI-saM0 1563 meM rAjazIla nAmaka kavi ne cittaur3a meM ukta kRti kI racanA kI. yaha eka lokakathAkAvya hai. vikramAditya aura khApariyA cora ke prasiddha lokakathAnaka para ukta kAvya AdhArita hai. 11. gorAbAdala padminI caupAI-pramukha jainAcArya zrI hemaratnasUri ne bar3I sAdar3I meM saM0 1645 meM ukta kRti kI racanA kI. hemaratnasUri kA samaya saM0 1616 se saM0 1673 taka kA mAnA gayA hai. yaha pUNiyAgaccha ke vAcaka padmarAja ke ziSya the. kRti meM jAyasI ke padmAvata se milatI-julatI kathA hai jisameM itihAsa aura kalpanA kA sammizraNa hai. pradhAna rasa vIra hai lekina gauNa rupa meM zRMgAra bhI samAviSTa hai. svAmIdharma kI bar3AI aura padminI kA zIlavarNana ukta kAvya kI vizeSatAe~ haiM. kavi ke anusAra yaha 'likhamI varNana' nAmaka kevala pahalA hI khaNDa hai tathApi kathA kI dRSTi se yaha apane Apa meM pUrNa kAvya pratIta hotA hai.2 1. rAjasthAnI bhASA aura sAhitya-DA0 hIrAlAla mahezvarI (pR0 266). 2. padminI kI yaha kathA kAvyarUpa meM sarvaprathama jAyaso ke padmAvata meM saM0 1540 meM AI. isase pUrva bhI lokakathA ke rUpa meM yaha kathA atyadhika pracalita rahI hai. jAyasI ke bAda phariztA kI 'tavArIkhA' meM jAyasI ke kathAnaka se hI milatI-julatI kathA milatI hai. nAhaTA jI ke saMgraha meM bhI 'gorAbAdalakavitta' nAma kI kRti pAye jAne kA ullekha milatA hai. vi0 saM01645 meM hemaratnasUri kI uparokta racanA milatI hai jo kathA kI usI paramparA se sambaddha hai. isake uparAMta bhI, saM0 1760 meM bhAgavijaya nAma ke eka jaina kavi ne isI kathA kA parivardhana kiyA. saM0 1680 meM jaTamala nAhara ko 'gorAvAdala caupaI' milatI hai. saM0 1705-6 meM labdhodaya kA 'padminI carita' milatA hai jisakA ullekha isI lekha meM Age kiyA gayA hai. _Jain ECRC9 6 C2523 walaingilibrary.org
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________________ wwwwww 866 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya AcArya hemaratnasUri kI nimna racanAoM kA bhI ullekha milatA hai.' 1. mahIpAla caupAI 2. amarakumAra caupAI 3. sItA caupAI 4. lIlAvatI 12. zrI pUjya ratnasiMha rAsa-devagar3ha ke pAsa sthita tAla nAmaka sthAna meM zUjI kavi ne isa kRti kI racanA kI. grantha kA racanAkAla saM0 1648 hai. yaha 44 padoM kI eka laghu kRti hai jisameM ratnasiMha ke vyaktittva kA citraNa kiyA gayA hai. AcArya ratnasiMha loMkAgaccha, ke eka pramukha AcArya huye haiM. 13. aJjanA rAsa--jAvarapura [jAvara mAinsa] meM ukta rAsa kI racanA saM0 1652 meM kavi narendrakIti ne kI. yaha eka paurANika kAvya hai jisameM rAmakathA ke pramukha pAtra hanumAna kI mAtA aJjanA kI kathA hai. 54. zukana caupAI--isakA racanAkAla saM0 1660 batAyA gayA hai. zrI jayavijaya isake racanAkAra haiM. giripura [DUMgarapura meM rAjA sahasramala ke rAjyakAla meM 'zukana caupAI' kI racanA huI. rAjA sahasramala kA rAjyakAla saM0 1633 se 1663 taka mAnA gayA hai.' isI lekhaka ne saM0 1668 meM saMgrahaNImUla nAmaka bhaugolika grantha kI pratilipi kI. 15. baccharAja haMsarAja rAsa--koTar3A meM kavi mAnacanda ne saM0 1675 meM isa kRti kI racanA kI. vaccharAja aura haMsarAja nAmaka donoM bhAI isa kRti kI kathA ke pramukha pAtra haiM. yaha mAnacanda yA mAnamuni jainAcArya jinarAjasUri ke ziSya the. 16. zivajo zrAcArya rAsa-zrI dharmasiMha ne saM0 1697 meM udayapura meM isa rAsa kI racanA kI. yaha eka aitihAsika kRti hai. mUrtipUjA meM vizvAsa na rakhane vAlA bhI eka pakSa jaina samAja meM hai jinake zivajI nAmaka AcArya huye haiM. muni dharmasiMha ne inhIM zivajI AcArya kA varNana ukta rAsa meM kiyA hai. 'zivajI AcArya rAsa' kA loMkAgaccha ke aitihAsika kAvyoM meM mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai. 17. jayakumAra zrAkhyAna-satrahavIM zatAbdI meM bhaTTAraka paramparA ke narendrakIti ke ziSya kAmarAja ne 'jayakumAra AkhyAna' kI racanA kI. saMskRta kA yaha grantha DUMgarapura meM racA gayA. kAmarAja kI eka aura racanA 'trizaSThi zalAkA puruSacarita' kA bhI ullekha milatA hai. 18. sahasraphaNA pArzva jina stavana-saM0 1701 meM zAhapurA meM kavi vinayazIla ne isa stavana kI racanA kI. yaha 45 padoM kA laghu stutikAvya hai. 1. rAjasthAnI bhASA aura sAhitya--DA0 I.rAlAla mahezvarI. 2. Aja ke pramukha khanijakendra jAbara ko gata kaI varSoM pUrva se kAphI prasiddhi prApta hai. mahArANA lAkhA ke samaya se hI yahA~ zozA nikAlA jAtA rahA hai. jAvara meM jaina purAtattva ko vipula sAmagro pAI jAtI hai. kaI prAcIna zilAlekhoM aura pratimAlekhoM meM jAvara kA ullekha milatA hai. 3. DUMgarapura rAjya kA itihAsa-rAyabahAdura gaura zaMkara horAcanda ojhA. 4. digambara saMpradAya meM munipada ke bAda bhaTTArakoM ko pramukhatA thI. bhaTTArakoM kI do zAkhAeM mukhya hai (1) uttara bhAratIya (2) pazcima bhAratIya. pazcima bhAratIya zAkhA ke puraskartA bhaTTAraka sakalakIrti huye haiM. isa paramparA ne vAgar3a aura gujarAta ke sImAvartI pradeza meM gaddiyoM sthApita kI aura bhaTTArakoM ke protsAhana meM vipula sAhitya kI racanA huI. 4 ( K Jain Eucaliente SENEST ainettbrary.org
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________________ zAntilAla bhAradvAja 'rAkeza' : mevAr3a meM racita jaina-sAhitya : 817 16. saMyoga battIsI-suprasiddha jainakavi mAnamuni ne udayapura meM 'saMyoga battIsI' kI racanA kI. isa eka hI kRti ko nimna cAra nAmoM se jAnA jAtA hai; 1. mAnamaMjarI 2. saMyoga dvAtriMzikA 3. saMyoga battIsI 4. mAna battIsI yaha mAnakavi vahI mAnasiMha haiM jo 'bihArI satasaI' ke TIkAkAra aura rAjavilAsa ke racayitA haiM. mAnakavi nAma ke ekAdhika kavi rAjasthAna meM huye haiM isaliye kucha vidvAna satasaI ke TIkAkAra aura rAjavilAsa ke racayitA ko eka nahIM mAnate. mAnakavi ko alaMkArazAstra kA acchA jJAna thA. saMyoga battIsI nAyikA-bheda kA eka zreSTha kAvya hai. mAnamuni vijayagaccha ke saMta the aura vijayagaccha kA udayapura meM bar3A prabhAva rahA hai. 20. aJjanAsundarikA rAsa-rAsa ke racanAkAra kA nAma bhuvanakIrti hai. digambara aura zvetAmbara samAja meM bhuvanakIrti nAma ke bhI ekAdhika kavi milate haiM parantu 'aJjanAsundarikA rAsa' ke racayitA bhuvanakIti kharataragacchIya jinaraMga sUri ke AjJAnuvartI the. bIkAnera ke mukhyamaMtrI karmacandra ke vaMzaja zrI bhAgacandra ke liye udayapura meM isa grantha kI racanA kI gaI. grantha kA racanAkAla saM0 1706 hai. una dinoM udayapura meM mahArANA jagatasiMha kA zAsana thA. ukta rAsa meM rAmakathA ke pramukha pAtra zrI hanumAna kI mAtA aJjanA kI kathA hai, jisa caritra ko jaina paurANika mAnyatAoM ke anurUpa DhAlA gayA hai. 21. padminI caritra-saM0 1707 meM kavi labdhodaya ne udayapura meM isa kRti kI racanA kI. labdhodaya kI kavitva zakti ko janasAhitya meM vizeSa pratiSThA prApta hai. ve lagabhaga 40-50 varSoM taka sAhityasRjana meM lage rahe. ve 6 ullekhanIya rAsoM ke racayitA mAne gaye haiM. unakA vihAra mevAr3a meM adhika huA. padminI caritra kI racanA saM0 1706 meM zuru huI aura caitrIpUnama saM0 1707 ko usakI racanA samApta huI. udayapura, gogUdA aura dhUlevA hI labdhodaya kI sAhitya-racanA ke pramukha kendra rahe haiM. 22. dhannA kA rAsa-kavikhetA ne vairATha (badanora ke pAsa) saM0 1732 meM ukta rAsa kI racanA kI. rAsa meM bihAra ke rAjagRhanagara ke suprasiddha zreSTha dhannA ke caritra tathA usakI samRddhi kA varNana hai. samRddha aura sampanna vyakti ke liye Aja bhI dhannA seTha kI jo upamA dI jAtI hai vaha yahI dhannA zreSThI haiM. vairATha vaise jayapura meM hai lekina ukta rAsa meM hI eka ullekha vairATha nagara kI sthiti ko spaSTa kara detA hai : "medapATa meM jANiye re vAMko gar3ha vairaatth|" arthAt yaha vairATha medapATa (mevAr3a) kA hI hai. 23. prAMtare kA stavana-kavi tejasiMha ne 1735 meM nAMdesmAM (jilA udayapura) meM ukta stavana kI racanA kI. muni tejasiMha loMkAgaccha ke 18 vIM sadI ke pramukha AcArya the. kavi ne koThArI ThAkurasI ke liye ukta stavana kI racanA kI. inakI anya racanAyeM bhI upalabdha haiM jinameM 'guruguNamAlAbhAsa' eka aitihAsika kRti hai. 24. bhImajI caupAI-prastuta kRti meM bhImajI kA aitihAsika varNana diyA gayA hai lekina prati sammukha na hone se bhImajI ke sambandha meM adhikRta rUpa se kucha nahIM kahA jA sakatA. bhImajI nAma kA koI Asapura kA zAsaka avazya huA hai. saM0 1742 meM puMjapura (DUMgarapura) meM yaha kRti racI gaI. kRti meM ullekha milatA hai ki isakA racanAkAra muni kIrtisAgara sUri kA koI ziSya thA. Jation wajanwarrary.org
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________________ wwwwwwwVVVVVVV Jain Educat madhya muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya puMjapura DUMgarapura ke zAsaka zrI puMjarAja (saM0 1664-1713) dvArA basAyA gayA. 25. zranAthI saMdhi -- prasiddha jainatIrtha RSadeva se mIla dUra kalyANapura nAmaka sthAna para kavi krama ne saM0 1745 meM ukta kRti kI racanA kI. yaha muni hema lokAgaccha ke muni khetasI ke ziSya the. 'anAthI-saMdhi meM anAthI nAma ke eka jaina muni para likhA gayA caritakAvya hai. kalyANapura mevAr3a ke itihAsa kA eka pramukha sthAna hai jahA~ purAtattva kI vipula sAmagrI milatI hai. 26. izukAra siddha caupAI -- isakA racanAkAra bhI vahI kavi hema hai jisane anAthi saMdhi kI racanA kI. saM0 1747 meM yaha kRti udayapura meM racI gaI. yaha eka caritakAvya hai aura 'uttarAdhyayana sUtra' ke AdhAra para racA gayA hai. 27. kakkA battIsI -- akSara battIsI - yaha vastutaH eka hI kRti ke do nAma haiM jisakI racanA kavi maheza ne saM 1750 meM udayapura meM kI kisI-kisI prati meM isake racayitA kA nAma muni himmata bhI batAyA gayA hai. hastalikhita hindI granthoM ke 15 veM trivArSika vivaraNa meM bhI isakA racanAkAra udaya nAmaka kavi diyA gayA hai jo saMbhavataH anveSaka kI faffaSayaka bhUla hI hai. yaha eka upadezAtmaka kAvya hai. 28. vairasiMha kumAra caupAI- - devagar3ha meM mohana vimala kavi ne saM0 1758 meM isakI racanA kI. devagar3ha ke tatkAlIna zAsaka kuMvara pRthvIsiMha ke liye yaha paurANika kAvya racA gayA. 26. candana malayAgiri caupaI saMvat 1776 meM lAsa nAmaka gA~va meM kesara kavi ne yaha kRti racI. yaha eka lokakAvya hai. isa lokakAvya kI prathama kRti bhadrasena (havIM sadI) kI hai aisA ullekha bhI milatA hai. yaha eka pracalita lokAkhyAna hai jisakI sacitra kRtiyA~ bhI milatI haiM. 30. RSitA caupAI devagar3ha meM kavi cauvamala ne saM0 1964 meM RSidattA caupAI' kI racanA kI. yaha eka paurANika kAvya hai jo upadezamAlA ke AdhAra para racA gayA hai. 31. sthAnakavAsI terApaMthI mUrtipUjakoM kI carcA - nAthadvArA meM kavirAja dIpavijaya ne saM0 1874 meM isa kRti kI racanA kI. inakI aura racanAyeM bhI milatI haiM jinameM sohamakula paTTAvali rAsa mukhya hai. 32. kesariyAjI kA rAsa- isa nAma kI aura bhI stavanamUlaka racanAyeM milatI haiM. kesariyA jI meM saM0 1877 meM zrI tejavijaya ne isa rAsa kI racanA kI. sIhavijaya bhI saM 1887 meM kesariyA jI Aye aura dhUlevA ( RSabhadeva ) meM unhoMne bhI 'kesariyA jI kA rAsa' kI racanA kI. 33. DhAlamaMjarI aura rAmarAsa- yaha eka paurANika kAvya hai. dhanezvarasUri, hemacandrasUri Adi AcAryoM dvArA racita prAcIna kRtiyoM ke AdhAra para isa rAsa kI racanA kI gaI. sujJAnasAgara ne udayapura meM saM0 1882 meM isa kRti kI racanA kI. satrahavIM zatAbdI meM vijayagacchIya muni kesarAja ne bhI 'rAma yazorasAyana' nAmaka kRti meM rAmakathA kA vistAra kiyA hai. nagaravarNanAtmaka kAvya bhArata ke prAcIna sAhitya meM nagara varNanAtmaka saikar3oM ullekha milate haiM. kathA sAhitya meM bhI nagara racanA-viSayaka prakaraNa milate haiM. bhavya nagara varNana kAvya kI mahAkAvyocita garimA kI bhI kasauTI mAnA gayA hai. nagaroM ke vibhinna sthAnoM para sarvAMgapUrNa prakAza DAlane vAle svataMtra granthoM meM jainAcArya zrI jinaprabhasUri racita vividhatIrthakalpa kA sthAna sarvocca hai. ' 1. nagara varNAtmaka hindI padya saMgraha saM0 muni kAntisAgara. Pita Personase Ony www.rary.org
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________________ zantilAla bhAradvAja 'rAkeza' : mevAr3a meM racita jaina-sAhitya : ERE satrahavIM zatAbdI meM punaH jainoM kA dhyAna isa ora AkRSTa huA. hindI sAhitya meM yaha nagara-varNana jaina kaviyoM kI maulika dena hai. mevAr3a meM nimna nagaravarNanAtmaka kAvya likhe gaye34. udayapura kI gajala--kavi khetala ne saM0 1757 meM 'udayapura kI gajala' nAma se udayapura nAma kA padyabaddha varNana kiyA. 78 chandoM kI isa gajala meM udayapura ke jalAzayoM, mahaloM, bAjAroM, udyAnoM Adi kA itivRttAtmaka sundara varNana milatA hai. 35. cittaur3a kI gajala-isake racayitA bhI kavi khetala hI haiM. vi0 saM0 1746 meM cittaur3a kI gajala kI racanA kI gaI. isameM cittaur3a ke kile, jainamaMdiroM, pratimAoM, mahaloM, Adi ke bhavya varNana milate haiM. yaha 56 chandoM kI kRti hai. ina gajaloM meM prayukta pramukha chanda ko 'gajala cAla' nAma diyA gayA hai aura saMbhavataH isIlie inakA nAmakaraNa gajala kiyA gayA hai. 36. udayapura ko chanda-tapAgacchIya jainAcArya jasasAgara ke ziSya zrI jasavaMtasAgara ne saM0 1775-60 ke AsapAsa isa kAvya kI racanA kI' saM0 1775 meM, mahArANA rAjasiMha ke samaya udayapura meM rahakara jasavaMtasAgara ne kaI granthoM kI racanA kI. ApakA adhikatara nivAsa udayapura meM hI rahA jAna par3atA hai. 'udayapura ko chanda' kRti meM udayapura ke kile, nagara, maMdiroM Adi kI vistRta jAnakArI prastuta kI gaI. udayapura ke anya varNanoM para bhI isa chanda kI chApa hai. 18 vIM se 20 vIM zatAbdI ke pUrvAddha taka udayapura para 6 varNanAtmaka prazastiyA~ prApta ho cukI haiM. 37. bhedapATha dezAdhipa prazasti varNana-kavi hema racita yaha prazasti mevAr3a kI tAtkAlika sthiti kA sundara citra prastuta karatI hai. yaha lagabhaga 15 mudrita pRSThoM kA kAvya hai. hema nAma ke eka aura bhI cAraNakavi huye haiM. yaha cAraNa hema mahArAja gajasiMha ke samaya meM jodhapura meM huye. mAtra itanA hI nahIM, mevAr3a meM vipula jaina sAhitya kI racanA huI hai lekina vaha sabhI abhI prakAza meM nahIM A pAI hai. 1. jasavaMta sAgara kRta udayarapu varNana-muni kAntisAgara (madhumatI varSa 3-aMka 3) 2. buddhiprakAza (aprela meM jUna 1642). .
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________________ DA. govardhana zarmA ema0 e0, pI-eca0 DI0 adhyakSa hindI vibhAga, gujarAta kAleja, ahamadAbAda apabhraMza kA vikAsa madhyabhAratIya AryabhASA ke vikAsa ke antima sopAna ko apabhraza ke nAma se abhihita kiyA jAtA hai. apabhraMza madhyabhAratIya Arya bhASAoM aura Adhunika Arya bhASAoM yathA-hindI, baMgalA, marAThI, gujarAtI Adi ke bIca kI kar3I hai. pratyeka Adhunika Arya bhASA ko apabhraMza kI sthiti pAra karanI par3I hai.' dUsare zabdoM meM ise yoM kahA jA sakatA hai ki Adhunika bhAratIya Arya bhASAoM-yathA gujarAtI, marAThI, hindI, baMgAlI, paMjAbI, sindhI, asamI, ur3iyA Adi kI jananI apabhraMza hI hai.2 kintu apabhraMza zabda kA kisI bhASAvizeSa ke artha meM sadA prayoga nahIM hotA rahA. hameM IsA kI dUsarI zatI pUrva se isa zabda kA prayoga vibhinna arthoM meM kiyA huA milatA hai. hama Age cala kara isa zabda ke itihAsa para saMkSepa meM vicAra kareMge. kyoMki isa se hama ko apabhraMza bhASA ke udgama aura vikAsa kA samyak vaijJAnika adhyayana karane meM paryApta sahAyatA milegI. apabhraMza zabda kA prayoga 'apabhraMza' zabda kA sAdhAraNa artha hotA hai-bhraSTa, cyuta, skhalita, vikRta athavA azuddha. bhASA ke sAmAnya mAnadaMDa se jo zabda-rUpa cyuta hoM, ve apabhraMza haiM. aisI dhAraNA se vikasita, eka vizeSa bhASA kI saMjJA rUpa meM isa zabda kA vyavahAra apane meM bahuta-sI saMbhAvanAeM chipAye hai. ataH isI dRSTikoNa se hama apabhraMza zabda ke prayoga kI vigata zrRkhaMlAoM ko TaTolane kI koziza kara rahe haiM. apabhraza zabda kA sarvaprathama ullekha hameM pataMjali (IsvI pUrva dUsarI zatI) se kucha zatAbdI pUrva milatA haiM 4. 'vAkyapadIyam' ke racayitA bhartRhari ne mahAbhASyakAra ke pUrvavartI saMgrahakAra vyADi nAmaka AcArya ke mata kA ullekha karate huye apabhraMza zabda kA nirdeza kiyA hai. yathA zabdasaMskArahInA yo gauriti prayuyukSite / tamapabhrazamicchanti viziSTArthanivezinam / 1. DA0 udayanArAyaNa tivArI-hindI bhASA kA udgama aura vikAsa-pR0 120 / 2. muni jinavijaya-umasiricariu, kiMcit prAstAvika pR0 1 bhAratavarSanI AryavarganI dezyabhASAonA vikAsakramano jemane thoDo paNa paricaya cha, teo jANe che ke apabhraMza nAme olakhAtI jUnI bhASA, ApaNA mahAn rASTramAMnI vartamAna gujarAtI, marAThI, hindI, paMjAbI lindhI, baMgAlI, asamI, ur3iyA vigere bhAratanAM pazcima, uttara ane pUrva bhAgomAM bolAtoM prasiddha dezabhASAonI sagI jananI che. 3. nAmavarasiMha, hindI ke vikAsa meM apabhraMza kA yoga, pR0 2. 4. DA0harivaMza kochar3a, apabhraza sAhitya, pR01. na Jain Education Dinelibrary.org
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________________ DA0 govardhana zarmA : apabhraza kA vikAsa : 101 vArtika-zabdaprakRtirapabhraMzaH iti saMgrahakAro nAprakRtirapabhraMzaH svataMtra: kazcidvidyate. sarvasyaiva hi sAdhurevApadaMzasya prakRtiH prasiddhestu rUDhitAmApAdyamAnA svAtantryameva kecidapabhrazA labhante. tatra gauriti prayoktavye azaktyA pramAdibhirvA gAvyAdayastatprakRtayopabhra zAH prayujyante.' mahAbhASyakAra pataMjali dvArA bhI 'apabhraMza' zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai. unake anusAra apabhraza kevala saMskRta ke vikRta zabda haiM. kisI eka zabda ke aneka bhraSTa rUpa ho sakate haiM, yathA-saMskRta zabda gauH ke gAvI, goNI, gotA, gopotalikA Adi vividha rUpAntara. ye sabhI rUpAntara ziSTasammata saMskRta bhASA se vikRta yA bhraSTa haiM, ataH aise apANinIya asAdhu zabdoM ke liye apabhraMza saMjJA kA upayoga kiyA gayA. yaha vicAraNIya hai ki mahAbhASyakAra kI dRSTi meM apabhraMza kevala una zabdoM ko dI jAnevAlI saMjJA hai, jo saMskRta zabdoM ke sAdhu rUpoM meM vikRta yA bhraSTa svarUpa haiM aura jina zabdoM kA unhoMne apabhraza ke udAharaNa meM upayoga kiyA hai. bAda ke prAkRta vaiyAkaraNoM ne unhIM ko prAkRta ke antargata ginA hai, yaha cintya hai.' IsA kI dUsarI athavA tIsarI zatI ke lagabhaga bharata ne nATyazAstra meM saMskRta, aura dezI bhASA ke bheda ko spaSTa kiyA hai. sAtha hI unhoMne prAkRta ke svarUpa para bhI paryApta prakAza DAlA hai. etadeva viparyastaM saMskAraguNavarjitam / vijJeyaM prAkRtaM pAThyaM nAnAvasthAntarAtmakam / trividhaM tacca vijJeyaM nATyayoge samAsataH / samAnazabdavibhraSTaM dezIgatamathApi ca / / -nATyazAstra 17-2-3 arthAt prAkRta tIna prakAra kI hotI hai--(1) jisameM saMskRta ke samAna zabdoM kA hI prayoga ho. (2) saMskRta ke vibhraSTa zabdoM kA hI prayoga ho. (3) jisameM dezya bhASA ke zabdoM kA prayoga ho. dUsare zabdoM meM isI bAta ko isa prakAra kahA jA sakatA hai ki nATyaracanA meM tIna prakAra ke zabdoM kA prayoga hotA hai-tatsama, tadbhava, athavA vibhraSTa aura dezya. yahA~ aisA lagatA hai ki pataMjali kI apabhraza aura bharata kI vibhraSTa zAyada eka hI ho. Age calakara bharata ne tatkAlIna sAta bhASAoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai mAgadhyavantijA prAcyA zaurasenyardhamAgadhI / bAlIkA dAkSiNAtyA ca sapta bhASAH prakIrtitAH / / -nATyazAstra 17-46 mAgadhI, avanti, prAcya, zaurasenI, ardhamAgadhI, bAha lIkA aura dakSiNI, ye sAta bhASAyeM haiM aura aneka vibhASAyeM haiM. yathA-- zabarAbhIracAMDAla sacara dramilAndhrajAH / (zabarAbhIra cAMDAla draviDodrAH) hInA banecarANAM ca vibhASA nATake smRtAH / / -nATyazAstra 17-50 zabaroM, AbhIroM. cANDAloM, caroM, dravir3oM, oDroM aura hIna jAti ke vanacaroM kI boliyA~. bharata ke isa ullekha meM apabhraza kA spaSTa nAma nahIM AyA hai, kyoMki usane kevala bhASAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai. isase yaha jAna par3atA hai ki bharata ke samaya taka kisI bhI bhASA ko apabhraza kI saMjJA nahIM dI gaI thI arthAt abhI taka apabhraza kA vikAsa usa koTi taka 1. bhata hari, vAkyapadIyam-prathamakAMDa kArikA 148 lAhaura saMskaraNa / 2. Ed. kielhorn, Vol. I, Page 2. ekaikasya hi zabdasya bahavo'pabhraMzAH tadyathA-gaurityasya gAvo, gauNI. gotA, gopotaliketyevamAdayo'pabhraMzAH / 3. (a) caMDa-prAkRtalakSaNam -2-16 'gorgAviH' (A) hemacandrAcAryaH prAkRtavyAkaraNa-8-2-174. "goNAdaya gaura, goNI, gAvI, gAvaH gAvIo" EO: JainEdwa www.amanrary.org
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________________ 102 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya nahIM ho pAyA thA ki use bhASA kaha kara pukArA jA sake. vibhASAoM ke usa samaya koI alaga nAma nahIM the, ve bolanevAlI jAtiyoM athavA samudAya ke nAma se hI pukArI jAtI thI. jaise aMgArakAra-vyAdhAnAM kASThayantropajIvinAm / yojyA zabarabhASA tu kiMcidviAnokasI tathA / gavAzvAjAvikauSTrAdighoSasthAnanivAsinAm / aAbhIroktiH zAbarI vA drAviDI draviDAdiSu / -nATyazAstra 17-54.55 arthAt zabara aura dhanausI jaMgalI bhASAkA prayoga aMgArakAroM-koyalA banAne vAloM, zikAriyoM aura kASThayaMtroM dvArA jIvikA nirvAha karane vAle vyaktiyoM dvArA tathA AbhIrokti aura zAbarI kA upayoga gau,azva, U~Ta Adi pazupAlaka aura ghoSanivAsI gvAloM ke gA~va meM rahane vAle janoM dvArA ..........kiyA jAtA hai. isase yaha jJAta hotA hai ki AbhIrAdi pazupAlaka jAtiyoM kI bhASA AbhIrokti nAma se jAnI jAtI rahI hai. jaisA ki hama anyatra dekheMge, yahI AbhIrokti itanI vikAsamAna ho gaI ki isane apanA sthAna prAkRtAdi anya sAhityika bhASAoM ke samakakSa jamA liyA. saMbhavatayA bharata ke samaya bhASA ke rUpa meM apabhraza ko koI mahattva prApta nahIM thA, kintu jAna par3atA hai ki Age calakara isI AbhIrokti ko hI apabhraza kI saMjJA prApta ho gaI. bharata ne nATakakAra ke liye vibhinna pradeza ke nivAsI pAtroM dvArA kisa prakAra kI bolI prayukta kI jAya, isa viSaya meM khulAsA nirdeza diye haiM. unhoMne likhA hai ki gaMgA aura sAgara ke madhya kI bhASA ekAra-bahulA hai. himAlaya, sindhu aura sauvIra ke taTIya pradeza kI bhASA ukArabahulA hai, vidhyAcala aura sAgara ke madhya kI bhASA nakArabahulA hai, saurASTra avanti aura vetravatI ke uttarIya pradeza kI bhASA cakArabahulA hai aura carmavatI ke usa pAra tathA arbuda ke taTIya pradeza kI bhASA TakArabahulA hai.' bharata ne isa prakAra kI ukArabahulA bhASA ke udAharaNa bhI diye haiM. yathA--'morallau naccantau' ityAdi. daNDI ke isa kathana se ki kAvya meM AbhIrAdi kI bhASA apabhraMza kahI jAtI hai, yaha anumAna laga jAtA hai ki bharata kI ukArabahulA AbhIrokti apabhraMza rahI hogI. bharata ne jo udAharaNa isa ukAra-bahulAM-AbhIrokti ke diye haiM, unameM 'Neha' 'Nicca' 'joNhau' Adi zabda haiM bhI TheTha apabhraza ke. parantu bharata ke ina udAharaNoM meM prAkRta-prabhAva itanA adhika hai ki inako vizuddha apabhraza kA udAharaNa nahIM mAnA jA sakatA. hAM apabhraza ko janma denevAlI pravRttiyoM ke bIja yahAM avazya dekhe jA sakate haiM.3 lagabhaga chaThI zatAbdI meM pahalepahala hameM apabhraMza kA eka bhASAvizeSa ke rUpa meM ullekha milatA hai. valabhI saurASTra ke rAjA dharasena dvitIya ke eka zilAlekha se jJAta hotA hai ki usakA pitA guhasena 'saMskRta-prAkRtApabhraMza bhASAtrayapratibaddhaprabaMdha-racanA-nipuNAntaHkaraNaH' thA. jisa guhasena kA Upara ullekha kiyA gayA hai, usake zilAlekha 556 I0 se 566 1. bharataH nATyazAstra gaMgAsAgaramadhye tu ye dezAH saMprakIrtitAH, ekArabahulAM teSu bhASAM tajjJaH prayojayet 158 / vidhyasAgaramadhye tu ye dezAH zrutamAgatAH, nakArabahulAM teSu bhASAM tajjJaH prayojayet / 56 / surASTrAvantidezeSu vetravatyuttareSu ca, ye dezAsteSu kurvIta cakArabahulAmiDa 601 himavasiMdhumauvArAnye ca dezAH samAzritAH, ukArabahulA tajjJasteSu bhASAM prayojayet / 61 / carmaNvatInadIpAre ye cAnudasamAzritAH, takArabahulAM nityaM teSu bhASAM prayojayet / 62 / 2. kezavalAla ha. bhuvaH padyaracanA nI aitihAsika aAlocanA, pR0 283-286. 3. udayanArAyaNa tivArI : hindI bhASA kA udgama aura vikAsa, pR0 121. 4. Indian Antiquery Vol. 10. Oct 1881, Page 284. *** ... *** ... *** ... *** ... *** ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OLI....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lainEA S i madeldrary.org
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________________ wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww DA. govardhana zarmA : apabhraza kA vikAsa : 603 I0 ke prApta huye hai. vUlara prastuta zilAlekha ko kucha varSa bAda kA mAnate haiM.2 phira bhI yaha nizcita rUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai ki IsA kI chaThI zatAbdI meM apabhraza bhASA meM kAvyaracanA hone laga gaI thI, yadyapi pramANasvarUpa usa yuga kI koI racanA abhI taka hameM prApta nahIM ho sakI hai. / isI zatI ke antima caraNa meM eka aura pramANa milatA hai. AcArya bhAmaha ne apabhraza ko kAvyopayogI bhASA aura kAvya kA eka vizeSa rUpa mAnA hai. yathA zabdArthI sahitau kAvyaM gadya padya ca tad dvidhA / saMskRtaM prAkRtaM cAnyadapabhraza iti tridhA / / -kAvyAlaMkAra, 1.16-28. bhAmaha kA yaha ullekha hameM kevala yahI sUcita karatA hai ki apabhraMza bhI tatkAlIna eka kAvya-bhASA thI. isa bhASA kA prayoga kauna karate the, yaha kahAM bolI jAtI thI, Adi praznoM kA uttara hameM bhAmaha se nahIM milatA. caMDa ne apane prasiddha vyAkaraNa 'prAkRtalakSaNam' meM apabhraMza zabda kA prayoga 'na lopo'pabhraze'dhorephasya' sUtra meM, vizeSabhASAvAcaka rUr3ha saMjJA ke rUpa meM kiyA hai. daMDI ne apathe graMtha 'kAvyadarza' meM kAvya kI bhASA ke cAra bheda batAye haiM-saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraza aura mizrita. tadetad vAGmayaM bhUyaH saMskRtaM prAkRtaM tthaa| apabhraMzazca mizraM cetyAhurAyazcaturvidham // -kAvyAdarza 1-32. Age calakara vaha apabhraMza kA vyAkaraNa-sammata rUr3ha aura bhASA ke rUpa meM honevAle prayogoM para prakAza DAlatA huA kahatA hai: bhAbhIrAdigiraH kAvyeSvapabhraMza iti smRtAH / zAratreSu saMrakalAdanyadapabhraMzazayoMditam / / -kAvyAdarza 1-35. arthAt bhASAzAstra yA vyAkaraNa meM apabhraMza kA artha hai saMskRta ke vikRta rUpa. kAvya meM AbhIrAdi boliyAM apabhraMza kahalAtI haiM. saMskRta se itara bhASAoM ko apabhraza kahakara daMDI ne pataMjali kA samarthana kiyA hai aura sAtha hI usane apabhraza aura AbhIroM ke saMbaMdha kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai. isase jAna par3atA hai ki daMDI ke samaya meM apabhraza sAhityika bhASA bana calI thI aura isakA prayoga AbhIroM ke atirikta (AbhIrAdi) anya loga bhI karane laga gaye the. isa prakAra bharata ke samaya meM AbhIrI nAma se prasiddha AbhIrokti daMDI ke samaya meM apabhraza meM pariNata hokara bolacAla tathA sAhitya kI bhASA bana gaI thI. 'kuvalayamAlA kathA' ke racayitA jaina lekhaka udyotanasUri ne [vi0 kI navIM zatI] apabhraza kA prayoga eka bhASA vizeSa ke artha meM kiyA hai. ve apabhraza kAvya ke bar3e prazaMsaka haiM, ve use prAMjala, pravAhamaya aura manohara mAnate haiM.4 rudraTa apane kAvyAlaMkAra meM kAvya ko gadya aura padya meM vibhAjita karane ke pazcAt bhASA ke AdhAra para usakA chaha bhAgoM meM vibhAjana karatA hai. saMskRta, prAkRta, mAgadhI, saurasainI, pizAcabhASA aura aMtima apabhraza, jo sthAna-bhedoM se aneka svarUpa grahaNa kara letI hai. bhASAbhedanimittaH SoDhA bhedo'sya saMbhavati / -kAvyAlaMkAra 2-11 1. Bombay gazette. Vol. 1 Part 1, Page 90. 2. Indian Antiquery. Vol. 10, Oct 1881, Page 277. 3. caMDa: prAkRtadakSaNam-pR0 24, sUtra 37. 4. lA0 bhA0 gAMdhI : apabhraMza kAvyatrayo bhUmikA pR017 se uddhata tA kiM avahaMsaM hohii ? hUM. taM piNo jeNa taM sakkayAiya-ubhaya-suddhAsuddhapayasamataraMgaraMgatabaggiraM raNava-pAusa jalayapavAhapUratvAliyagirigaisarisaM samavisamaM paNyakuviyapiyapaNaiNIsamullAvasarisaM maNoharaM. * * * * * * * * * * * * * .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JainEOMCHUTHATISTICnani.n nn...... . . .... . .... ...... ... ............... . . . . . . . . ... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T o rroran i . .. .......... .......... IVanity.org ...................inn iiiiii...in.nini....
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________________ 104 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya prAkRtasaMskRtamAgadhapizAcabhASAzca zaurasainI c| SaSTho'tra bhUribhedo dezavizeSAdapabhraMzaH / / - kAvyAlaMkAra 2-12 isa prakAra rudraTa ne anya sAhityika prAkRtoM ke samAna hI apabhraMza ko mahatvapUrNa sthAna diyA hai, aura dezabheda ke AdhAra para vividhatA kI sthApanA kI hai. puSpadanta ne apane mahApurANa meM batAyA hai ki tatkAlIna rAjakumAriyoM ko saMskRta aura prAkRta ke sAtha hI apabhraza kA bhI jJAna karAyA jAtA thA. isa kA artha yaha huA ki lagabhaga dasavIM zatAbdI meM 'apabhraza' bharata kI 'vibhra zabdAvalI' se vikasita hokara ziSTasamudAya kI bhASA bana calI thI. rAjazekhara ne apane graMtha 'kAvyamImAMsA' meM apane pUrvavartI AcAryoM kI bhAMti hI apabhraMza kA ullekha eka kAvyabhASA ke rUpa meM aneka bAra kiyA hai. kAvya-puruSa kI utpatti kA varNana karate hue unhoMne kahA hai : zabdArthI te zarIraM, saMskRtaM mukha, prAkRtaM bAhuH, jaghanamapabhraMzaH, paizAcaM pAdI, uro mizram. arthAt zabda aura artha tere zarIra haiM. saMskRta bhASA mukha hai. prAkRta bhASAeM terI bhujAeM haiM. apabhraMza bhASA jaMghA haiM. pizAca bhASA caraNa hai aura mizra bhASAe vakSaHsthala haiM. isI prakAra rAjazekhara ne kAvyavizeSatAoM ke anusAra darabAra meM kaviyoM ke baiThane ke sthAna bhI nizcita kiye haiM-uttara meM saMskRta-kavi, pUrva meM prAkRta kavi, pazcima meM apabhraza kavi va dakSiNa meM paizAca kavi Asana grahaNa kareM.3 Age calakara rAjazekhara ne saMskRta, prAkRta aura apabhraMza bhASAoM ke kSetra kA nirdeza karate hue sakala marubhUH, Takka aura bhAdAnaka ko apabhraza yA apabhraMza-mizrita bhASA kA prayoga karanevAlA kSetra kahA hai. eka dUsare sthAna para unhoMne travaNa aura surASTra ko apabhraMza bhASA-bhASI kahA hai.5 nami sAdhu ne rudraTa ke kAvyalaMkAra para TIkA karate huye apanI vRtti meM likhA hai| tathA prAkRtamevApabhraMzaH sa cAnyarupanAgarAbhIranAmyAvabhedena tridhoktastannirAsArthamuktaM bhUribheda iti. kuto dezavizeSAt. tasya ca lakSaNaM lokAdeva samyagavaseyam" ye apabhraza ko eka prakAra se prAkRta hI mAnate haiM. apane pUrvavartI AcAryoM ke dvArA nirdiSTa tIna prakAra kI apabhraMzaupanAgara, AbhIra, aura grAmyA kA nirdeza karate huye svIkAra karate haiM ki 'apabhraza ke isase bhI adhika bheda haiM. apabhraMza ko jAnane kA sarvottama sAdhana loka hI hai.' isase jAna par3atA hai ki isa samaya taka apabhraMza lokabhASA ke rUpa meM pratiSThita ho cukI thI. bhojarAja ne apane 'sarasvatIkaMThAbharaNa' meM ise gurjara pradeza kI priya bhASA ke rUpa meM grahIta kiyA hai. 1. puSpadaMta mahApurANa-5-18-6 sakkau pArau puNa avahaMsaDa vittau uppAiu sapasaMsau. 2. rAjazekhara : kAvyamImAMsA-vi0rA0 bhASA0 prakAzana, pR014, 3. rAjazekhara : kAvyamImAMsA-pR0131-33. tasya cottarataH saMskRtAH kavayo nivezeran . pUrveNa prAkRtAH kavayaH / - paricamenApabhraMzazinaH kavayaH-dakSiNato bhUtabhASAyavaH / 4. rAjazekharaH kAvyamImAMsA pR0 124. sApabhraMzaprayogAH sakalamarubhuvaSTakkamAlAnakAzca. 5. rAjazekharaH kAvyamImAMsA pR0 83. surASTravaNavA ye paTantyarpitasoSTayam . apabhraMzAvadaMzAni te saMskRtavacAsyapi. 6. namisAdhuH kAvyAlaMkAravRtti-212. bhojarAjaH sarasvatIkaMThAbharaNa--2-13. apabhraMzena tuSyanti svena nAnyena gurjarAH . Im lanEANINNINININvavAravaNENINANININNINENION
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________________ DA. govardhana zarmA : apabhraza kA vikAsa : 105 vAgbhaTa ne bhI daMDI ke anukaraNa meM samasta vAGmaya ko cAra bhAgoM meM bAMTA hai. daMDI ne kAvya-bhASA ke cAra bheda mAne haiM, yathA-saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza aura mizrita. vAgbhaTa kA vibhAjana isase thor3A bhinna hai. vaha mizra bhASA ke sthAna para bhUtabhASA kA ullekha karatA hai--anya bhASAyeM ve hI haiM-saMskRta, prAkRta va apabhraMza. saMskRtaM prAkRtaM tasya apabhraMzo bhUtabhASitam / iti bhASAzcatasropi yAnti kAvyasya kAyatAm / / -vAgbhaTAlaMkAra 2-1. Age cala kara usane bhI apabhraMza ko dezya bhASA ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA haiapabhrazastu yacchuddhaM tattaddezeSu bhASitam / -vAgbhaTAlaMkAra 2-3 isI prakAra anya vidvAnoM yathA mammaTa, pRthvIdhara, mArkaNDeya, rasasarvakAra, viSNudharmottarakarttA, hemacandra, nArAyaNa, amaracaMda, lakSmIdhara, nATyadarpaNakAra, pizela, griyarsana, sunItikumAra caTarjI aura muni jinavijaya Adi ne apabhraMza para maulika aura paraMparAgata vicAra vyakta kiye haiM. Age calakara una para yathAvasara vicAra kiyA jAyegA. apabhraMzaviSayaka ina bhinna-bhinna nirdezoM se nimna pariNAma nikalate haiM(1) AraMbha meM apabhraMza kA prayoga ziSTetara athavA apANinIya zabda rUpoM ke liye hotA thA. (2) bharata ne isI artha meM 'vibhraSTa' zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai. (3) bharata ke samaya meM apabhraMza kA vikAsa itanA nahIM huA thA ki vaha bhASA kahalA sakatI. kintu usa samaya meM apabhraMza bIja rUpa se vartamAna thI aura isakA prayoga eka bolI mAtra ke rUpa meM zabara, AbhIra Adi azikSita vanavAsI hI kiyA karate the. chaThI zatAbdI meM apabhraMza zabda sAhityika bhASA kA dyotaka bana gayA thA aura tatkAlIna AlaMkArikoM aura vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA mAnyatA pA cukA thA. apabhraMza meM paryApta sAhitya-sRjana hone laga gayA thA jo bhAmaha aura daMDI jaise AcAryoM kA dhyAna apanI ora AkarSita kara cukA thA. itanA hone para bhI abhI taka apabhraMza kA AbhIrAdi se nikaTa saMbaMdha mAnA jAtA thA. (5) navIM zatAbdI meM apabhraMza ko apekSAkRta adhika sammAna se dekhA jAne lagA thA. aba vaha kevala zabara, AbhIrAdi kI bolI nahIM thI apitu janasAmAnya kI bhASA bana calI thI aura usakA vyavahAra prAyaH samUce uttara bhArata meM saurASTra se lekara sudUra pUrva meM magadha taka hone lagA thA. sthAna-bheda se isameM kucha antara honA svAbhAvika hI thA kintu kAvyopayoga meM AbhIrI kA hI prayoga hotA thA. (6) gyAharavIM zatAbdI ke madhya taka AlaMkArikoM, vaiyAkaraNoM aura sAhityikoM ne mAna liyA thA ki isa sAhityika bhASA ke sthAna-bheda se aneka prakAra haiM. apabhraMza kA prayoga vyApaka rUpa se hone lagA thA aura usameM vipula sAhitya racanA hone lagI thI. siddhoM ke 'dohAkoza' va jainoM ke 'cariu' apabhraMza ke hI do bhinna prakAroM meM race gaye. isa prakAra apabhraMza saurASTra se magadha taka phaila calI thI. apabhraMza bhASA kA vikAsa jaisA ki hama pahale dekha cuke haiM, madhyakAlIna-bhAratIya Arya bhASAoM kI uttarakAlIna avasthA ko apabhraMza kA nAma diyA gayA hai. apabhraMza kA pracAra aura prasAra kaba se huA, isa saMbaMdha meM nizcita taura para kucha bhI kahanA kaThina hai. DholA-mArU rA dUhA ke saMpAdakoM ke anusAra apabhraMza kA kAla vikrama kI dUsarI zatAbdI se gyArahavIM zatAbdI taka mAnA jA sakatA hai| zyAmasundaradAsa mAnate haiM ki apabhraMza ke bIja IsA kI dUsarI zatAbdI meM pracalita prAkRta meM avazya 1. ThAkura-pArIka-svAmI : DholA mArU rA hA bhUmikA pR0 110 SAMRAOMETal ATML A Jan FORENENANabebidanandana Dhahardhiarinthyhod.org
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________________ animanwwwwwwwwwww 106 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya vidyamAna the aura bArahavIM zatAbdI kA madhya bhAga apabhraMza ke asta aura Adhunika bhASAoM ke udaya kA kAla yathAkathaMcit mAnA jA sakatA hai.2 / / devendrakumAra ke anusAra apabhraMza kA prathama paricaya tIsarI sadI IsvI se milane lagatA hai. kintu vaha sAhityArUDha chaThI sadI meM ho sakI. bArahavIM sadI taka usakA samRddhi-yuga rahA. mahAkavi kAlidAsa ke 'vikramorvazIya' nATaka ke caturtha aMka meM apabhraMza ke dohe milate haiM. inakI prAmANikatA ke viSaya meM vidvAn ekamata nahIM haiM, esa. pI. paMDita, jyUla blAka tathA harmana yAkobI Adi vidvAn inheM prakSipta mAnate haiM, parantu A0 ne0 upAdhye evaM DA0 tagAre inako prAmANika mAnate haiM. sunItikumAra cATuA inake prakSipta hone para bhI apabhraMza kA kAla 400 I0 se 1000 I0 taka mAnate hai isa vivAda se bacate huye DA0 dhIrendra varmA, DA0 udayanArAyaNa tivArI, DA0 hajArIprasAda Adi" vidvAn isakA prAraMbha pAMcavIM athavA chaThI zatI se mAnate haiM. gulerI prAraMbha ke cakkara meM na par3a vikrama kI sAtavIM zatAbdI se gyArahIM zatAbdI taka apabhraMza kI pradhAnatA mAnate haiM.12 rAhulajI chaThI zatI ko hI prAkRta aura apabhraMza kI sImArekhA mAnane ke pakSa meM haiM.13 ina vibhinna dhAraNAoM ke AdhAra para nimna niSkarSa anumAnita kiye jA sakate haiM--apabhraMza kA Arambha avazya IsA kI cauthI zatI meM ho gayA hogA, pAMcavIM zatI meM usakA prayoga eka kAvya-bhASA ke rUpa meM honA prArambha ho cukA hogA aura chaThI zatI meM to ise samAja meM Adara milane lagA hogA. valabhI ke zAsaka dharasena kA zilAlekha isa sambandha meM ucita pramANa prastuta karatA hai. chaThI zatI se gyArahavIM zatI taka isa bhASA meM puSkala parimANa meM sAhitya kA sRjana hotA rahA. kAvyaracanA kI yaha dhArA bArahavIM zatI taka calatI rahI aura terahavIM zatI meM dezabhASAoM meM pariNata ho gaI.15 isakA artha kadApi nahIM ki terahavIM zatI ke bAda apabhraMza meM kucha bhI racanAyeM nahIM huI. vAstavikatA to yaha hai ki kAphI samaya taka saMskRta, prAkRta aura apabhraMza kA racanAprayAsa sAtha-sAtha calatA rahA. saMbhavataH yahI kAraNa hogA ki rudraTa ne saMskRta aura prAkRta ke sAtha hI apabhraMza ko bhI sAhityika bhASA svIkAra kiyA hai.16 bhASA-zAstriyoM ne madhyabhAratIya Arya-bhASAkAla kI madhyakAlIna avasthA kI sAhityika prAkRtoM kA samaya pAMca sau I0 taka aura usake uttarakAlIna avasthA kI apabhraMza kA samaya pAMca sau I. se eka hajAra I. taka taka mAnA hai.17 kintu 1. zyAmasundaradAsa : hindI bhASA, pR0 14. 2. zyAmasundaradAsa : hindI bhASA, pR016. 3. devendrakumAra : apabhraMzaprakAza-pR0 7. 4. udayanArAyaNa tivArI : hindI bhASA kA udgama aura vikAsa, pR0 122 se. 5. DA0 guNeHbhavisayata kahA-bhUmikA-pR037 se uddhRta. 6. DA0 yAkobIH bhavisayatakahA-bhUmikA, pR058. 7. DA0 tagAreH hisTorikala grAmara Apha apabhraMza. 8. DA0 sunItikumAra cATuAH bhAratIya Arya bhASA aura hiMdI, pR0 178. hai. DA0 dhIrendra varmA: hindI bhASA kA itihAsa, pR0 48. 10. udayanArAyaNa tivArI : hindI bhASA kA udgama aura vikAsa, pR0 122. 11. hajArIprasAda dvivedI : hindI sAhitya kA AdikAla, pR0 62. 12. caMdradhara zarmA gulerI : purAnI hindI, pR08. 13. rAhula sAMkRtyAyana : dohAkoza-bhUmikA, pR0 6. 14. nemicandra jaina : hindI jaina sAhityaparizIlana, bhAga 1 pR0 27. 15. TesITarI: purAnI rAjasthAnI, pR0 8. 16. rudraTa : kAvyAlaMkAra, pR02-12. 17. hA0 harivaMza kauchaDa: apabhraMza sAhitya, pR016. ININENENINORININENENINESENANINININNINg
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________________ DA0 govardhana zarmA : apabhraza kA vikAsa : 107 prAkRta kA sAhitya pAMca sau IsvI ke bAda bhI likhA milatA hai. vAkpatirAja ke 'gauDavaho' kA samaya sAtavI, AThavIM sadI mAnA jAtA hai. kautUhala kRta 'lIlAvaIkahA' bhI niHsaMdeha uttarakAlIna racanA hai. prAkRta vyAkaraNa ke adhyayana ke phalasvarUpa dakSiNa bhArata ke aThArahavIM zatI ke eka kavi rAmapANidhAya ne 'kasavaho' va 'usANiruddha' nAmaka do graMthoM kA bhAgavata purANa ke AdhAra para prAkRta meM praNayana kiyA arthAt prathama IsvI zatAbdI se lekara caudahavIM zatAbdI taka sAmAnyataH aura aThArahavIM zatI ke Arambha taka viralataH prAkRta sAhitya likhA jAtA rahA.' isI prakAra saMskRta bhASA meM adyAvadhi kAvya-sRjana hotA hI hai. apabhraMza ke saMbaMdha meM bhI prAkRta kI bAta doharAI jA sakatI hai. DA0 upAdhye ne yogIndu ke paramappayAsu aura yogasAra kA samaya chaThI zatAbdI ke lagabhaga mAnA hai. taba se lekara terahavIM zatI taka vizeSa rUpa se aura satrahavIM zatI taka apavAda rUpa se apabhraMza meM kAvyaracanA hotI rahI hai. bhagavatIdAsa kA mRgAMkalekhAcarita yA candralekhA vikrama saMvat 1700 meM likhA gayA hai.2 jisa prakAra saMskRta aura prAkRta meM racanAyeM kucha kAla taka samAnAntara rUpa se likhI jAtI rahIM, usI prakAra apabhraMza kA bhI prAkRta ke sAtha pracAra rahA. usI prakAra apabhraMza kA Adhunika Arya bhASAoM ke pUrva rUpoM ke sAtha bhI pracalana rahA. apabhraMza yadyapi 12 vIM zatI se bolacAla kI bhASA nahIM thI, kevala sAhitya kI bhASA thI, phira bhI vaha pandrahavIM zatI taka svataMtra rUpa se athavA navyatara prAdezika bhASAoM meM ghulamilakara prayoga meM AtI rahI hai. isa tathya kA samarthana hameM siddha-sAhitya se milatA hai. siddhoM kI racanAoM ke do rUpa upalabdha haiM-[1] dohAkoSa. [2] caryApada. DA0 sunItikumAra cATuA ne dohAkoSoM aura caryApadoM meM hI do prakAra kI upabhASAoM kI ora saMketa kiyA hai, caryApadoM kI bhASA pUrvI hai, jise ve purAnI baMgAlI kahate haiM. kyoM ki usameM bahuta se kriyArUpa, zabdarUpa tathA aise muhAvare haiM jinakI paramparA purAnI baMgAlI meM calI AI hai. dohAkoSoM meM eka hI bhASA hai pazcimI athavA zaurasenI apabhraMza. 'DAkArNava' ke sampAdaka DA0 nagendranArAyaNa caudharI DAkArNava kI bhASA ko zairasenI apabhraMza para AdhArita mAnate haiM. kintu kahIM-kahIM para usameM pUrvI baMgAla ke zabdarUpoM, uccAraNoM tathA muhAvaroM kA prabhAva mAnate haiN| isa tathya ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue DA. dharmavIra kI mAnyatA hai-dohA likhate samaya siddhoM ne pazcimI yA zaurasenI apabhraMza prayoga kiyA. kyoMki vaha bhASA dohoM meM maMja cukI thI, kintu jaba unhoMne geya pada likhe to sthAnIya bolI ko AdhAra banAyA. kintu cUMki vaha bolI abhI kAvya meM maMjI nahIM thI ata: sthAna-sthAna para unhoMne abhivyakti aura kAvyapariSkAra ke liye zaurasenI kA sahArA liyA.5 bharata ne apane nATyazAstra meM ukArabahulA bhASA kA prayoga himavat, sindhusauvIra aura unake Azrita dezoM ke logoM ke liye karane kA Adeza diyA hai.6 isase jJAta hotA hai ki apabhraMza kI vizeSatAyeM bhAratavarSa ke uttara-pazcimI pradezoM meM pragaTa hone laga gaI thI. isa prakAra ukAra-bahulA apabhraMza kI pravRtti para hAla meM zaMkAyeM uThAI gaI haiM. DA0 parazurAma la0 vaidya ne vidvAnoM kA dhyAna isa ora AkarSita kiyA hai ki apabhraMza ke atirikta prAkRta 'dhammada' 'lalitavistara' aura 'saddharmapuNDarIka' jaise bauddha graMthoM meM bhI ukAra kI pravRtti pAI jAtI hai. ataH ukAra-bahulA bhASA kA artha kevala apabhraMza hI lagAnA ThIka nahIM hogA. nAmavarasiMha ne vistArapUrvaka batAyA hai ki prAkRta dhammapada kI racanA pezAvara ke 1. DA0 haradeva bAharI : prAkRta aura usakA sAhitya-pR0142. 2. DA0 harivaMza kochar3a, apabhraMza sAhitya-pR017 3. caTarjI : Arijina eMDa DevalapameMTa Apha beMgAlI laMgveja, pR0 114. 4. DA0 nAMgendranArAyaNa caudharI-DAkArNava pR016. 5. DA0 dharmavIra bhAratI : siddha sAhitya pR0 284. 6. bharataH vATayazAstra 17-62 himavasindhu sauvIrAn ye janAH samupAzritAH / ukArabahulA tajjJasteSu bhASAM prayojayet / / MEW m . Jain Education instead oma For Ve rsunarose or
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________________ 108 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya AsapAsa khetAna ke nikaTa gozRMga athavA gozIrSa vihAra meM prApta huI thI.' yaha bharata ke nirdezAnusAra ukAra-bahulA bhASA kA kSetra thA. aura isalie dhammapada kI prAkRta para sthAnIya prabhAva par3anA svAbhAvika hI thA. isI prakAra lalitavistara meM kSepakoM kI bharamAra hai. isakA rUpa lagabhaga cauthI zatI meM sthira huA thA. cUki cauthI zatI meM apabhraMza kA udbhava ho cukA thA. isaliye lalitavistara meM isa ukAra-bahulA bhASA kA prabhAva dIkha par3atA hai. rAjazekhara ne apane graMtha 'kAvyamImAMsA' meM apabhraMza kA vistArakSetra sakala marubhUmi, Takka aura bhAdAnaka batAyA hai. isase pratIta hotA hai ki rAjazekhara ke samaya taka apabhraMza kA prasAra rAjasthAna, paMjAba, saurASTra, gujarAta tathA samasta pazcimottara bhArata meM ho gayA thA. zanaiH zanaiH isakA prasAra bar3hatA gayA aura navI zatI meM isakA prasAra himAlaya kI tarAI se godAvarI aura sindha se brahmaputra taka thA. apabhraMza kavitA para vicAra karate hue rAhula jI ne likhA hai-'jahAM sarahapA aura zavarapA vihAra-baMgAla ke nivAsI the, vahAM abdurrahamAna kA janma multAna meM huA thA. svayaMbhU aura kanakAmara zAyada avadhI aura bundelIyuktaprAnta ke the, to hemacandra aura somaprabha gujarAta ke aura rasika tathA AzrayadAtA hone ke kAraNa mAnyakheTa [mAlakheDa-dakSiNa haidarAbAda] kA bhI isa sAhitya ke sRjana meM hAtha rahA hai. isa prakAra himAlaya se godAvarI aura sindha se brahmaputra taka ne isa sAhitya ke nirmANa meM hAtha baMTAyA hai.4 isase jAna par3atA hai ki apabhraMza ke nAma se pahacAnI jAtI eka sAhityika bhASA honI cAhiye jo isa vistRta bhUbhAga meM kavitA ke liye prayukta kI jAtI rahI hai aura jisase kAlAntara meM vibhinna arvAcIna Arya-bhASAoM kA vikAsa huA. lekina vaha bilkula saMbhava nahIM hai ki eka hI prAkRtottara apabhraMza se Adhunika vibhinna AryabhASAeM vikasita huI hoM. udAharaNArtha mAgadhIprAkRta se jo apabhraMza bhASA vikasita huI, vahI Adhunika baMgalA, ur3iyA, AsAmI, mAgadhI, maithilI aura bhojapurI ke rUpa meM badala gaI ho, yaha saMbhava nahIM jAna par3atA hai. ina saba kI pUrvavartI apabhraMza bhASAyeM nizcaya hI alaga-alaga rUpoM meM rahI hoMgI. isI mata ko griyarsana, pizela, harnale paMDita kAmatAprasAda guru DA0 dhIrendra varmA prabhRti paNDita mAnate haiM. Ajakala pratyeka prAkRta ke apabhraMza rUpa kI kalpanA kI jAne lagI hai, kintu vyAkaraNa ke prAcIna graMthoM meM isa prakAra kA vibhAjana nahIM dikhAI detA. rudraTa ne avazya apane kAvyAlaMkAra meM deza-bheda ke aneka bhedoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai.11 apabhraMza meM anekatA kI sthApanA bahuta se uttarakAlIna vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA bhI kI gaI hai. nami sAdhu,12 rAmacandra, guNacaMdra puruSottama14 rAmatarkavAgIza,5 kramadIzvara,zAradAtanaya, Adi ne apabhraMza meM apane-apane DhaMga se anekatA kI sthApanA 1. nAmavarasiMha : hindI ke vikAsa meM apabhraMza kA yoga pR018, 2. rAjazekhara : kAvyamImAMsA pR0, 124. 3. nemicandra jaina : hindo jaina sAhitya parizIlana, pR0 20. 4. rAhula sAMkRtyAyana : hindI kAvyadhArA bhUmikA pR0 5-6. 5. hajArIprasAda dvivedI: hindI sAhitya pR0 hai. cha. esAivalopIDiyA briTenikA, bhAga 32 pR0 251 para nibaMdha. 7. pizela : prAkRta bhASAoM kA vyAkaraNa pR0 58 hindI anuvAda. 8. harnale : e kampereTiva grAmara Apha gauDiyana legvejeja-bhUmikA-pR011-12. 1. paM0 kAmatAprasAda : hindI vyAkaraNa-pR0 17. 10. DA0 dhIrendra varmA : hindI bhASA kA itihAsa : bhUmikA-pR0 41-50. 11. rudraTa : kAvyAlaMkAra-2-12-'SaSTho'tra bhUrimedo dezavizeSAdapabhraMzaH'. 12. nami sAdhuH kAvyAlaMkAra vRtti-2-12. 13. rAmacandra guNacandra : nATyadarpaNa-206. 14. puruSottamaH prAkRtAnuzAsana-prAkRtavimarza pR0 70 para ullekha. 15. rAmatarkavAgIzaH prAkRtakalpataru-prAkRtavimarza pR0 8 para ullekha. 16. kramadIzvara : saMkSipta sAra-AThavAM pariccheda. 17. zAradAtanaya : bhAvaprakAzana-pR0 310. . / Jain Educatorem For Pri u s C amelibrary.org
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________________ DA. govardhana zarmA : apabhraza kA vikAsa : 606 wwwwwwwwwwww kI hai, kintu sabhI kA ullekha apUrNa aura aparyApta hai. zeSakRSNa kI prAkRtacandrikA meM apabhraMza ke sattAIsa bheda sthApita karane kI ceSTA kI gaI. mArkaNDeya ne apane 'prAkRtasarvasva' meM prAkRtacaMdrikA se jo lakSaNa aura udAharaNa uddhRta kiye haiM, ve itane aparyApta aura aspaSTa haiM ki svayaM mArkaNDeya ne inako sUkSma kahakara nagaNya batAyA hai aura inakA pRthakpRthak lakSaNa-nirdeza na kara una sabhI ko nAgara, brAcaDa aura upanAgara ina tIna pradhAna bhedoM meM hI antarbhukta mAnA hai.2 kuvalayamAlA meM aThAraha dezI boliyoM ke nAma ginAye haiM. rAhulajI inakI gaNanA apabhraMza ke prakAroM meM karate haiM.3 apabhraMza kA jo bhI sAhitya milatA hai, vaha bahuta kama bhASAgata bhedoM ko lie hai. yaha samasta sAhitya eka hI pariniSThita bhASA kA hai; yadyapi usameM sthAnIya prabhAva alpa mAtrA meM mila sakatA hai. gyArahavIM zatI meM nami sAdhu ne apabhraMza ke tIna bheda-upanAgara, AbhIra aura grAmya ginAye haiM. puruSottama ne bArahavIM zatI meM apabhraMza ke nAgaraka, brAcaDa, aura upanAgaraka bheda mAne haiM. terahavIM zatI meM zAradAtanaya ne nAgaraka, upanAgaraka aura grAmya ye tIna prakAra mAne. satrahavIM zatI meM mArkaNDeya ne nAgara upanAgara aura brAcaDa ye tIna bheda mAne, isakA ullekha hama pahale kara cuke haiM. brAcaDa apekSAkRta apariSkRta mAnI gaI hai. pariSkRta apabhraza ko nAgara pukArA gayA hai. jaba yaha prAkRta se mizrita hotI to use upanAgara kahA jAtA thA. yaha vibhAjana dezagata na hokara saMskAra kI dRSTi se kiyA gayA hai, ata: Adhunika AryabhASAoM kI utpatti aura vikAsa ko samajhane ke liye upayukta nahIM hai. isI samasyA ke nirAkaraNa ke liye prAkRtoM ke anurUpa hI vibhinna apabhrazoM kI kalpanA kI gaI hai. dezagata bhedoM ko saMskAra ke AdhAra para kiye gaye bhedoM meM antarbhukta mAnanA anucita hai. kyoMki jina bhASAoM ke utpattisthAna bhinna-bhinna pradeza haiM aura jinakI prakRti bhI bhinna-bhinna pradeza kI prAkRta bhASAyeM haiM taba ve apabhraMza bhASAe~ bhI bhinna-bhinna hI ho sakatI haiM aura una saba kA samAveza eka dUsarI meM nahIM kiyA jA sakatA. vAstava meM bAta yaha hai ki apabhraMza ke dezagata kaI prakAra the kintu cUMki ve sAhitya meM gRhIta nahIM hote the, ataH paravartI aura uttarakAlIna vaiyAkaraNa unake namUne na pA sake hoMge. upayukta udAharaNoM ke abhAva meM isake atirikta aura ho bhI kyA sakatA thA ? DA0 dhIrendra varmA bhI isI dhAraNA ko prakaTa karate dikhAI dete haiM.6 avazya hI bolacAla kI aneka janapadIya bhASAoM kA pracalana rahA hogA kintu sAhitya meM apabhraMza kA eka pariniSThita rUpa hI prayukta hotA hogA. isI dhAraNA kI puSTi hameM 'ravikara' ke kathana meM milatI hai. ravikara ne apabhraMza ke do rUpa diye haiM.--eka kA vikAsa sAhityika prAkRta ke AdhAra para huA parantu vibhakti, samAsa, zabda-vinyAsa Adi kI dRSTi se vaha bhinna hai aura dUsarA dezI bhASA kA rUpa hai. yaha dezI svarUpa sAhitya meM adhika vyavahRta nahIM hone ke kAraNa Aja ajJeya hai kiMtu apabhraMza kA eka svarUpa jo sAhityika bhASA ke rUpa meM mAnya thA, upalabdha hai. apabhraMza ke kina rUpoM kA prayoga sAhitya meM hotA thA, isake viSaya meM kucha matabheda avazya haiM kiMtu-pazcimI varga ke vaiyAkaraNoM ne sAhitya meM prayukta apabhraMza kA AdhAra zaurasenI hI mAnA hai aura yaha anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki zaurasenI apabhraMza hI kAvya kI bhASA ke rUpa 1. prAkRtacandrikA ke meda isa prakAra haiM: vAcaDo lATavaidarbhAbupanAgaranAgarau, bArbarAvantyapAMcAlaTAkkamAlavakaikayAH / goDohaiSapAzcAtyapANDayakIntalasaMhalAH, kAliMgyaprAcyakAryaTakAMcyAdrAviDagaurjarAH / abhIro madhyadezIyaH sUkSamameda vyavasthitAH, saptaviMzatyapabhraMzA vaitAlAdipramedataH / 2. mArkakaNDeyaH prAkRta sarvasva-pR0 3 tathA 122. 3 rAhula sAMkRtyAyanaH hindI kAvyadhArA-bhUmikA pR0 7. 4. kIthaH hisTrI Apha saMskRta liTarecara-pR0 35. 5. haragoviMdadAsa seTha : pAjhyasahamahaeNavo-bhUmikA pR0 45. 6. DA0 dhIrendra varmA: hindI bhASA kA itihAsa-bhUmikA-pR0 50. 7. DA0 sarayUprasAda agravAla : prAkRtavimarza-pR0 17. 8, rAmasiMha tomara : prAkRta va apabhraza sAhitya kA itihAsa aura hindI para usakA prabhAva; pR0 62-72. For private & Personal Use Only www.jaimelibrary.org
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________________ 110 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya meM pratiSThita thI ? DA. sunItikumAra cATuA kA bhI yahI mata hai ki pazcimI athavA zaurasenI apabhraMza hI samUce Arya-bhArata, gujarAta va pazcimI paMjAba se baMgAla taka pracalita 'liMgvA phakA' 'bana gaI thI, jo madhura aura kAvyopayukta bhASA mAnI jAtI thI. phira bhI usa samaya Adhunika AryabhASAoM kA svarUpa gaThita ho rahA thA. kucha samaya taka to purAno zaurasenI apabhraMza hI kAvya kI bhASA ke rUpa meM prayukta hotI rahI aura vibhinna pradezoM kI boliyA~ kabhI-kabhI usa pradeza meM race jAne vAle sAhitya ko prabhAvita karatI rahIM. bAda meM ve boliyAM bhI svatantra kAvya-bhASA ke rUpa meM prayukta hone lagI. bAda meM aksara aise bhI udAharaNa milate haiM ki eka hI kavi naI kAvya-bhASA meM bhI racanA karatA hai aura purAnI apabhraMza meM bhI apanA kAvya-camatkAra dikhAne kA prayatna karatA hai| jaise vidyApati. isa prakAra kI donoM bhASAoM yathA apabhraMza aura dezI kA prayoga isa bAta kA dyotaka hai ki usa kAla meM ye donoM bhASArUSa pracalita the aura zikSitoM dvArA samajhe jAte the.4 bhAratIya AryabhASA ke vikAsa kI jisa avasthA ko Aja hama apabhraza ke nAma se pukArate haiM usake liye sadA apabhraMza saMjJA kA vyavahAra nahIM huA hai. prAcIna saMskRta graMthoM meM usakA ullekha apabhraMza aura apabhraSTa ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai. adhikAMza saMskRta vidvAnoM ne apabhraMza zabda kA hI prayoga kiyA hai, apabhraSTa zabda kA ullekha bahuta kama milatA hai. 'viSNudharmottara purANa' jaise do eka granthoM ne hI apabhraSTa saMjJA kA vyavahAra kiyA hai. kintu apabhraMza-graMthoM meM avavyaMsa, avahaMsa avahattha, avahaTu, avahaTha, avahaTa Adi nAma bhI milate haiM. paravartI kaviyoM dvArA ina zabdoM kA prayoga, adhikatara kiyA gayA hai. avahaTTa kA adyAvadhi jJAta sabase pahalA prayoga jyotirIzvara ThAkura ke varNaratnAkara-1325 IsvI meM milatA hai.5 jahA~ rAjasabhA meM bhATa dvArA SaD bhASAoM kI gaNanA kI jAtI hai. vidyApati ne kIrtilatA kI apanI bhASA kI prazaMsA karate huye use 'avahaTTa' kaha kara pukArA hai.6 prAkRta 'paMgalam' ke TIkAkAra baMzIdhara kI rAya meM 'prAkRta paiMgalam' kI bhASA avahaTTa hI hai. sandezarAsaka ke racayitA abdurrahamAna ne apane kAvya kI bhASA ko avahaTTa kahA hai. kuvalayamAlAkahA ke racayitA udyotanasUri ne avahaMsa zabda kA prayoga kiyAhai. isI zabda kA prayoga kahIM avabbhaMsa ke rUpa meM bhI huA hai.10 puSpadanta saMskRta aura prAkRta ke sAtha avahaMsa kI gaNanA karate haiM.11 svayaMbhU deva apanI 1. caTarjI : Arijina eMDa DevalameMTa Apha baMgAlI legveja-pR0 161. 2. vaho pR0113-14 3. DA0 dharmavIra bhAratI : siddha sAhitya-pR0 288. 4. DA0 bhaNDArakara : riporTa Ana dI sarca phAra ema0 esa0 esa0, 1888-64, pR0 71. 5. jyotirIzvara ThAkura: vaNaratnAkara-55 saM0, pR0 44. punu kaisana bhATa, saMskRta, prAkRta, avahaTTa, pezAcI, zaurasenI, mAgadhI, bahu bhASA tattvajJaka. 6. vidyApati : kortilatA-prathama pallava. sakkaya vANI buhAna bhAvai. pAuMa rasako mamma na pAyai / / 20 / / desila bacanA savajanamiTThA, taM taisana jampajho avahaTTA / / 21 / / 7. vaMzIdharaH prAkRta paiglam , TIkA pR0 3. paDhamaM bhAsataraMDo pAoso piMgalo jayau. gAthA 1. TIkA-prathamo bhASAtaraMDaH prathama prAyaH bhASA avahaTTa bhASA. yayA bhASayA ayaM grantho racitaH sa avahaTTa bhASA. 8. abdurrahamAnaH saMdezarAsaka-prathama prakrama, chaM06. avahaTTaya sakkaya pAzyami pesAiyaMmi bhAsAe lakkhaNachandAharaNe sukaittaM bhUsiyaM jehi. hai. esa0 bI0 gAMdhI: apabhrazakAvyatrayI-pR015-18 para uddhRta.. 10. alkeDa mAsTaraH bI0 esa0 o0 je0 esa0 bhAga 13-2. kiM ciM avabhaMsakA dA. 11. puSpadanta-mahApurANa-saMdhi kaDavaka 18-sakkaya pAyau pugu avaha sau. nama JainEdition -rotivate arersharda viomamelibrary.org
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________________ rAmAyaNa meM ise avahattha kaha kara pukArate haiM. ' apabhraMza ko dI jAne vAlI vibhinna saMjJAoM para vicAra karate hue nAmavarasiMha kahate haiM ki 'avahatya' 'avahaTTha' 'avahaMsa' 'avahaTa' Adi rUpa apabhraMza athavA apabhraSTa ke tadbhava rUpa haiM. prAkRta ke apabhraMza ke graMthoM meM jahA~ saMskRta ke lie 'sakkaya' aura prAkRta ke 'pAiya' Adi rUpa vyavahRta haiM, vahAM apabhraMza kA 'avabbhaMsa' aura 'avahaMsa' ho jAnA svAbhAvika hai. unakI dRSTi meM 'apabhraMza', apabhraSTa, avahaMsa, avabbhaMsa avahaTTa, avahaTa Adi sabhI zabda samAnArthI haiM. kintu zivaprasAda siMha ise nahIM mAnate. unake anusAra hama ina zabdoM ke prayogoM ke kAlacakra para vicAra kareM to eka mahattvapUrNa tathya hamAre sAmane AtA hai. saMskRta ke AlaMkArikoM ne apabhraMza bhASA ke lie sarvatra apabhraMza zabda kA prayoga kiyA. yA yaha ki unake dvArA rakhA gayA yaha nAma hI isa bhASA ke lie rUr3ha ho gayA hai. kintu prAkRta ke kaviyoM ne ise avahaMsa kahA. apabhraMza ke kaviyoM- puSpadanta Adi ne bhI ise avahaMsa hI kahA. avahaTTa kahA abdurrahamAna ne 'prAkRta paiMgalam' ke TIkAkAra vaMzIdhara ne, vidyApati aura jyotirIzvara ne isa AdhAra para vicAra karane se lagatA hai ki 'avahaTTa' zabda kA prayoga kevala paravarttI apabhraMza kaviyoM ne kiyA. kyA isa AdhAra para yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki paravartI apabhraMza ke ina lekhakoM ne isa zabda kA prayoga jAna-bUjha kara kiyA. apabhraMza yA avahaMsa yA bahupracalita 'desI' zabda kA prayoga bhI kara sakate the, parantu unhoMne vaisA nahIM kiyA. isase sahaja anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki avahaTTa zabda pIche kA hai aura isakA upayoga paravartI apabhraMza ke kaviyoM ne pUrvavartI apabhraMza kI tulanA meM thor3I parivartita bhASA ke lie kiyA. vaMzIdhara ne to apanI TIkA saMskRta: meM sarvatra avahaTTa hI likhA, jaba ki saMskRta meM apabhraMza yA apabhraSTa kA prayoga hI prAyaH hotA thA. arthAt isa zabda ke mUla meM pariniSThita apabhraMza ke aura bhI adhika vikasita hone kI bhAvanA thI. ina tarkoM ke AdhAra para kahA jA sakatA hai ki apabhraMza ke bAda kI sthiti avahaTTa hai.' apabhraMza ke vyAkaraNika AdhAra para prAntIya zabdoM aura rUpoM ke mela se jo bhASA vikasita huI vaha avahaTTa thI. isakA kAla terahavIM sadI se pandrahavIM sadI taka mAnA jAtA hai. DA0 cATurjyA vidyApati kI avahaTTa para vicAra karate hue isI mAnyatA ko svIkAra karate haiM." divetiyA ise kaniSTha apabhraMza mAnate haiM aura ise bArahavIM se pandrahavIM zatAbdI taka kI vikRta bhASA svIkAra karate haiM. 5 DA0 govardhana zarmA : apabhraMza kA vikAsa : 11 hama pahale batA cuke haiM ki pariniSThita bhASA ke rUpa meM zaurasenI apabhraMza kA samasta uttara bhArata meM pracAra thA, kintu sthAnIya boliyA~ bhI samAnAntara rUpa se vikasita ho rahI thIM. sthAnIya janapadIya boliyoM kA vikAsa kAlAntara meM Adhunika Arya bhASAoM meM huA kintu pariniSThita sAhityika apabhraMza apanA svarUpa darabArI kaviyoM ke sahayoga se TikAne kA yatna karane lagI. bhATa cAraNAdi kaviyoM dvArA vyavahRta apabhraMza bhASA meM bhI zanaiH-zanaiH parivartana lAnA jarUrI ho gayA, tAki use darabArI tathA sAmantagaNa samajha sakeM. isa prakAra sAhityika apabhraMza kA yaha vikRta svarUpa avahaTTa nAma se pahicAnA jAne lagA. DA0 cATurjyA ke anusAra vidyApati kI avahaTTa bhI aupacArika darabArI kavitA kI bhASA taka hI sImita hai.' ina saba tathyoM ke AdhAra para nimna bAteM spaSTa ho jAtI haiM-- e 10 1. svayaMbhU - pauma cariu rAmAyaNa 1-4; 'hindI kAvyadhArA' se uddhRta -- 'avahatthe vi khalu yazu giravasesu'. 2. nAmavara siMha - hindI ke vikAsa meM apabhraMza kA yoga, pR0 1. 4. zivaprasAda siMhaH kIrtilatA aura avahaTTabhASA - pR0 6. 5. devendrakumAra apabhraMzaprakAza pR0 7. 6. vahI pR0 21. 7. caTarjI: Arijina eNDa DevalapameMTa Apha beMgAlI leMgveja, pR0 114. 8. devetiyA: gujarAtI leMgveja eNDa liTarecara bhAga 1 - 1040 6. ma0 ni0 modI: apabhraMza pAThAvalI - pR0 20. 10. caTarjI : Arijina eNDa DevalapameMTa Apha beMgAlI bhUmikA pR0 114. 3. vahI, pR0 2. www.brary.org
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________________ wwwwwVVVVVVVVV * Jain Education int 12 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya 1. avahaTTa vastutaH apabhraMza hI hai. 2. avahaTTa nAma se apabhraMza kI vikasita avasthA athavA paravartI kaniSTha apabhraMza kA bodha hotA hai, jo apabhraMza ke sAhityika AdhAra para vikasita huI. 3. isake vikAsa meM darabArI kavitA kI paramparA kA bar3A bhArI hAtha rahA hai. 4. avahaTTa meM sthAnIya prabhAva apekSAkRta adhika haiM. 2 isalie prastuta prabaMdha meM apabhraMza ko vyApaka artha meM grahIta kiyA gayA hai, jisameM avahaTTa bhI A jAtI hai. vidyApati ke pUrvAMkita uddharaNa 'desila vaanA saba jana miThThA' ko lekara kucha vidvAnoM ne apabhraMza ko desI yA dezI mAnA hai. isa dizA meM vibhinna vidvAnoM ne kAphI kAma kiyA hai. pizela ne apane prAkRta bhASAoM ke vyAkaraNa meM 'desI' para vicAra kiyA hai. ' griyarsana ne apane eka vistRta nibandha 'Ana dI mADarna iNDo-Aryana varnAkyUlarsa' meM bhI isa sambandha meM prakAza DAlA hai. DA0 upAdhye ne ziple'ja esAiklopIDiyA Apha liTarecara meM prakAzita apane nibandha 'prAkRta liTarecara' meM isa prazna ko uThAyA hai aura DA0 tagAre ne to apanI pustaka 'hisTorikala gremara Apha apabhraMza' meM 'dezI aura apabhraMza' zIrSaka se alaga vistRta adhyAya likha DAlA hai. vidyApati kI ukta paMktiyoM ke AdhAra para DA0 bAbUrAma saksenA dezI aura avahaTTa ko eka hI mAnate haiM. DA0 hIrAlAla jaina svayaMbhU, puSpadanta, padmadeva, lakSmaNa Adi apabhraMza ke kaviyoM ke lambe uddharaNa dekara siddha karate haiM ki inakI bhASA dezI thI. kintu prasiddha bhASA-vid julablAka apabhraMza arthAt dezI- - isa dhAraNA ko sahI nahIM mAnate. ataH dezI zabda ke prayoga kA vikAsa krama jAnanA hI aisI dazA meM eka mAtra mArga ho sakatA hai, jisase hama sacAI taka pahu~ca sakeM. dezI zabda kA prayoga bharata ne apane nATyazAstra meM bhI kiyA hai, kintu vahA~ bhASA dezI nahIM hai, zabda dezI haiM. unakI rAya meM jo zabda saMskRta ke tatsama aura tadbhava zabdoM se bhinna ho, unheM dezI mAnanA cAhie. bharata ke dezI zabda kI yaha paribhASA prAyaH bahuta pIche taka AlaMkArikoM aura vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA mAnya rahI hai. bArahavIM zatI ke prasiddha vaiyAkaraNa hemacandrAcArya dvArA racita 'dezI' nAmamAlA aise hI zabdoM ko lekara calI hai jinakI vyutpatti prakRti pratyaya ke AdhAra para siddha na ho sake. unhoMne una zabdoM ko dezI mAnA hai jo 'lakSaNa' se siddha nahIM hote haiM. 'dezI zabda ke bAre meM vaiyAkaraNoM aura AlaMkArikoM kI Upara kathita vyutpatti praNAlI ko hI lakSya karake pizela ne kahA thA ki ye kyAkaraNa prAkRta aura saMskRta ke pratyeka aise zabda ko dezI kaha sakate haiM, jisakI vyutpatti saMskRta se na nikAlI jA sake. 7 isa prakAra hameM jJAta hotA hai, ki 'dezI' kA prayoga zabda ke lie huA hai aura bharata, rudraTa, hemacaMdrAcArya va pizela Adi vaiyAkaraNa mAnakara calate haiM ki pratyaya-prakRti- vicAra ke ghere ke bAhara ke zabda dezI haiM. bhASA athavA bolI ke lie bhI 'dezI' vizeSaNa athavA saMjJA kA upayoga kiyA jAtA rahA hai. 'taraMgavaI kahA' ke praNetA pAdalipta ne apanI prAkRta bhASA ko 'desI vayaNa" kahA hai. udyotana sUri ne apanI racanA 'kuvalayamAlA' meM mahArASTrI 1. pizala: prAkRta bhASAoM kA vyAkaraNa hindI anuvAda - pR0 14-15. 2. griyarsanaH iMDiyana eMTibaverI - 1631-33 3. bAbUrAma saksenAH kIrtilatA bhUmikA pR0 7. 4. Da0 hIrAlAla jainaH pAhuDa dohA-bhUmikA bhAga 5. vahI pR0 33 para uddhRta. As regards the identification of Deshi-Apbhransha, I feel doubts. 6. hemacandrAcAryaH dezI nAmamAlA - jo lakkhaNe siddhA Na pasiddha sakkayAhihANesu / Na ya gagga lakkhaNA sati saMbhavA te iha zibaddha. 7. pizala: prAkRta bhASAoM kA vyAkaraNa - hindI anuvAda pR0 14-15 8. pAdalipta - taraMgavatI kathA. pAlittaeNa raiya | vitthara tassa desI vayaNehi, nA taraMgavaI kahA vicittA-vicittA viDalAyaM. ** *** - yAkobI dvArA sanatkumAra carita-bhUmikA pR0 17 para uddhRta. *** *** *** www.pinelibrary.org
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________________ DA. govardhana zarmA : apabhraza kA vikAsa : 113 prAkRta ko dezI nAma diyA hai aura usakA prAkRta-saMbhavataH zaurasenI se bheda sthApita kiyA hai.' kouhala ne 'lIlAvaI kahA' meM mahArASTrI prAkRta ko hI dezI bhASA kahA hai.2 ina udAharaNoM se jJAta hotA hai ki bhASA meM rUpa meM dezI zabda kA yahAM prAkRta ke lie prayoga huA hai, kintu paravartI kaviyoM ne apabhraMza ko bhI dezI kaha kara pukArA hai. svayaMbhU ne apanI rAmAyaNa-paumacariu-ko grAmINa bhASA meM racita batAyA hai. apabhraza ke dUsare eka mahAn kavi puSpadanta ne bhI 'mahApurANa' meM apanI kAvyabhASA ko desI ke nAma se pukArA hai. eka sahasra IsavIM meM kavi padmadeva ne apane prasiddha grantha 'pAsaNAhacariu' kI bhASA ko 'desI saddatthagADha' se yukta batAyA.5 ina saba ullekhoM se jAna par3atA hai ki paravartI kAla meM apabhraza dezI bhASA kahalAne lagI thI. jaba apabhraMza sAhityika siMhAsana para ArUDha hokara rUr3higagrasta ho gaI to usakI tulanA meM avahaTTa ko bhI desI kahA jAne lagA. isI prakAra janapadIya boliyA~ bhI desI nAma se pukArI jAne lagI. vidyApati kA ullekha hamAre kathana kA samarthana karatA hai. mahArASTra ke saMta kavi jJAnezvara ne bhI desI zabda kA prayoga purAnI marAThI ke lie kiyA hai.8 ina nirdezoM se jAna par3atA hai ki desI zabda kA prayoga prAkRta, apabhraza, avahaTTa aura janapadIya boliyoM ke lie samaya samaya para hotA rahA hai. vastuta: dezI vizeSaNa eka sApekSita zabda hai. prAkRta se bhI pahale pAlI ke lie isa saMjJA kA prayoga kiyA jAtA thA. bhagavAn buddha ne apanA upadeza deza bhASA meM hI kiyA thA aura usI bhASA meM unheM surakSita rakhane kA Adeza bhI diyA thA tAtparya yaha hai ki pratyeka yuga meM sahityArUr3ha bhASA ke samAnAntara koI na koI dezI bhASA rahI hai jo janatA ke sAmAnya samudAya dvArA prayukta hotI rahI hai. use hI sadA dezI kahA jAtA rahA hai, ataH dezI kA artha kevala apabhraMza mAnanA anucita hai. DAkTara kItha ne apane graMtha 'saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa' meM pahale khaMDa meM bhASAoM kA vivecana kiyA hai. unhoMne rudraTa aura daMDI kA Azraya lekara yaha siddha karane kI ceSTA kI hai ki apabhraMza kisI rUpa meM kabhI dezabhASA nahIM thI. vaha AbhIra, gurjara Adi videzI AkramaNakAriyoM kI bhASA thI aura unhIM ke sAtha-sAtha usakA prasAra va usakI pratiSThA huI. ataH use madhyakAlIna prAkRtoM aura Adhunika AryabhASAoM kI vicalI kar3I mAnanA ThIka nahIM haiM, yahA~ hama DAkTara kItha kI mAnyatA para vicAra kareMge. unakI yaha dhAraNA ki apabhraMza madhyakAlIna prAkRtoM aura Adhunika AryabhASAoM ke bIca kI kar3I nahIM hai, Aja koI nahIM mAnatA. bhASAvijJAna kI dRSTi se yaha mAnyatA galata hai. rudraTa kA ullekha 1. kou hala-lIlAvaI kahA-saM0 A0 ne0 upAdhye dvArA bhUmikA meM uddhRta pAyaya bhAsAraiyA marahaTThaya desIvayaNaNivaddhA. 2. koula-lIlAvaI kahA, gAthA 1-30 maNiyaM ca piyayamAe raiyaM marahaTTa desIbhAsAe. 3. (ka) svayaMbhU-rAmAyaNa, hindI kAvyadhArA, pR0 26 se uddhRta. chuDu hosi suhAsiyavayaNaI. gAmellabhAsa pariharagaNAI. (kha) vahI 'desI bhAsA ubhayataDujjala'. 4. puSpadanta-mahApurANa, 1-8-10 'Na viNayAmi desI'. 5. padmadevaH pAsaNAhacariu--vAparaNudekhi sadasthagADa, chadAlaMkAra bisAla pauDha. 6. desila bayanA sabajana miThA. 7. jJAnezvaraH jJAnezvarI-adhyAya 18. amho prAkRte dezIkAre bandhe gItA. 8. DA0 kolateH vikrama smRti grantha, pR0476. 8. nAmavarasiMha: hindI ke vikAsa meM apabhraMza kA yoga-pR08. 10. kIdhaH hisTrI Apha saMskRta liTarecara, pR0 33. SINEERINNAREEFININENENINvAvAbavAvA Jain Education international For Private & Personal use only www.jamemorary.org
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________________ 114 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya 'SaSThastu bhUribhedo dezavizoSAdapabhraMzaH' aura mArkaNDeyakA satAIsa prakAra ke vibhAjana kA AdhAra hameM apabhraMza ko dezabhASA mAnane ko bAdhya karatA hai. unakI yaha mAnyatA ki apabhraMza AbhIra, gurjara Adi videzI AkrAmakoM kI bhASA thI, pUrA ThIka nahIM lagatA. hA~, apabhraMza ke vikAsa, vistAra aura pratiSThA meM avazya isa samudAya kA hAtha rahA hai, usase inkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA. Arambha meM apabhraMza ko AbhIroM kI bhASA mAnA jAtA thA. 'AbhIrokti' yA 'AbhIrAdigira:' kA yahI abhiprAya hai ki apabhraMza vaha bhASA hai jisakA kAvya meM usa samaya AbhIrAdi nimnavarga ke loga prayoga karate the. isakA yaha abhiprAya nahIM ki apabhraMza AbhIra logoM kI nijI bhASA thI. yA AbhIrAdi jana isa bhASA ko apane sAtha kahIM se lAye. vAstava meM AbhIra yA unake sAthI jahAM-jahA~ gaye, unhoMne vahIM kI sthAnIya prAkRta ko apanAyA aura usameM nija svabhAvAnukula svara yA uccAraNa sambandhI parivartana kara diye. AbhIra-svabhAva ke kAraNa isI parivartita evaM vikRta athavA vikasita bhASA ko hI apabhraMza kA nAma diyA gayA hai. isa prakAra hamane dekhA ki apabhraMza ke sAtha AbhIroM kA saMbandha jur3A huA hai, ata: apabhraMza ke vikAsa aura prasAra ko samajhane ke lie isa jAti ke itihAsa para dRSTipAta karanA bahuta sahAyaka hogA. AbhIra jAti kA ullekha sabase pahale mahAbhArata meM milatA hai. nakula ke pratIcI-vijaya-prasaMga meM AbhIroM ko sindhu ke kinAre rahane vAlA kahA gayA hai. zalya-parva meM baladeva kI tIrtha-yAtrA ke saMdarbha meM AtA hai ki rAjA ne usa sthAna meM praveza kiyA, jahA~ zUdra AbhIroM ke kAraNa sarasvatI naSTa ho gaI. jaba arjuna yAdaviyoM ko lekara dvArakA se vApisa lauTate haiM, to dasyu, lobhI aura pApakarmI AbhIra hamalA karake mahilAoM ko chIna le jAte haiM. arjuna ke sAhasapUrNa jIvana meM yahI eka aisA prasaMga hai jaba ki usake vizvavijayI gAMDIva kI kucha bhI na cala sakI. anyatra unako droNa ke suparNavyUha meM yoddhAoM kI paMkti meM rakhA gayA hai. inheM zUdra mAnA gayA hai. pANini ke samaya meM bhI inheM 'mahAzUdra' kaha kara pukArA gayA hai. manusmRti meM AbhIroM ko brAhmaNa pitA aura ambastha mAtAoM se utpanna mAnA hai. isI se jayacanda vidyAlaMkAra inheM mAravAr3a va rAjapUtAne kA mUla nivAsI ginate hai.6 kiMtu adhikAMza vidvAn inheM bhArata meM bAhara se Ane vAle varga meM sammilita karate haiM. AcArya kezavaprasAda ne AbhIroM ke do daloM kI kalpanA kI hai. pahalI bAra jo AbhIra Aye, ve AryoM kI varNAzrama vyavasthA ke bhItara grahIta hokara 'zUdrAbhIra' kahalAne lage.1deg dUsarA dala bAda meM AyA, vaha uddhata aura luTerA thA. isaliye yaha bhAratIya saMskRti meM antarbhukta nahIM huA. Age yavana AkramaNa kAla meM ve saba islAma dharma meM dIkSita ho gaye.'1 inhIM AbhIroM kI bolI sthAnIya bhASA kA sambandha 1. zyAmasundaradAsaH hindI bhASA, pR0 18. 2. hajArIprasAda dvivedIH hindI sAhitya kI bhUmikA pR0 24-26 3. mahAbhArata-parva 2, adhyAya 32, zloka 10. 4. mahAbhArata-parva 6, adhyAya 37, prathama zloka. 5. bar3I parva 16, adhyAya 7, zloka 44-47. 6. vahI-parva 7, adhyAya 20, zloka 6. 7. vAsudeva zaraNa agravAla: iNDiyA eja novana TU pANini--pR0 80 . It may be noted that katyayana knows of a special caste (jati) called 'Mahsaudra', with its female 'Mahasudri. The kasika explains the term to mean the 'Abhiras', regarded as higher Sudras. 8. manusmRti, adhyAya 10, zloka 15. 6. devendrakumAraH apabhraMzaprakAza-pRSTha 17. 10. DA0 guNeH bhavissayatta kahA- bhUmikA pR0 53. 11. devendrakumAra : apabhraMzaprakAza-pR0 17. SAMEE H A IMERAMRITI Karary NI A UTHO FELLAMHANSVAI S ANATANTHIOCOINSOLUTATUENIJURS I NAMjhunTIMOHAMMAARECOMMEANIN... HARI HARIlahitto RimiMIYATARNIRary forg PAHELARAN INITIALATHMANJATT
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________________ DA. govardhana zarmA : apabhraza kA vikAsa : 115 pAkara apabhraza ke rUpa meM vikasita huI, aisA mAnA jA sakatA hai. ina tathyoM para gambhIratA se vicAra karane para eka prazna uThatA hai, ki asAdhu zabdoM ke liye prayukta kiyA jAnevAlA 'apabhraza' vizeSaNa saMskRta vaiyAkaraNoM-uccavaMzI paMDitoM dvArA AbhIrI ko 'mahAzUdroM' kI bhASA mAnakara-tiraskAra va ghRNA se 'apabhraSTa' athavA 'apabhraMza' saMjJA ke rUpa meM kahIM thopa to nahIM diyA gayA hai, jo ki phira pracalita ho gayA. jaise hindI kI svacchaMdavAdI-romAMTika kavitA ke liye diyA gayA 'chAyAvAda' nAma. kucha videzI itihAsakAroM ne, aura unake AdhAra para aneka bhAratIya vidvAnoM ne vaidika aura bauddhadharma athavA brAhmaNa-kSatriya ke saMgharSa kI pRSTha-bhUmi para ina AbhIra, gurjara, hUNa Adi navIna AnevAlI durdAnta aura sAhasI jAtiyoM ko kSatriyoM ke rUpa meM sammAna prApta karane kA ullekha kiyA hai.' brAhmaNa varga ne apanI pratiSThA ko banAye rakhane ke liye hUNa, AbhIra gurjara, Adi navAgantukoM ko apanI chAyA meM le liyA thA. unako kSatriya svIkAra kara liyA aura isa artha kucha yajJAnuSThAnoM ke vidhAna kiye. mAuMTa AbU ke agnikulIya kSatriyoM kA avirbhAva isI naye vidhAna kA pariNAma thA.2 kAraNa, kucha bhI rahe hoM isameM koI sandeha nahIM ki isa jAti kA prasAra samasta uttarApatha aura madhyabhArata meM ho gayA aura inake sAtha hI apabhraMza bhASA ko phailane va vikAsa pAne kA avasara milA.. IsA kI dUsarI zatAbdI meM AbhIroM kA prasAra kAThiyAvAr3a taka thA aisA anumAna rudradamana ke eka abhilekha se lagAyA jA sakatA hai. kAThiyAvAr3a meM 'sunda' nAmaka sthAna para rudradamana kA eka abhilekha milA hai, jisameM usake eka AbhIra senApati 'rudrabhuti' ke dAna kA ullekha hai. vidvAn usa abhilekha ko 181 I0 kA mAnate haiM. enthovena ne IsA kI tIsarI zatAbdI ke anta meM kAThiyAvAr3a meM AbhIroM ke Adhipatya kI ora saMketa karate huye nAsika abhilekha (300 I0) meM nirdezita AbhIra rAjA Izvarasena kI ora dhyAna AkarSita kiyA hai. samudragupta ke prayAMga-staMbha lekha meM (360 I0) AbhIroM kA Adhipatya guptasAmrAjya kI sImA para mAlavA, gujarAta, rAjasthAna Adi meM batAyA gayA hai.5 purANoM ke anusAra AMdhrabhRtyoM ke bAda dakana AbhIra jAti ke hI hAtha AyA aura chaThI zatI ke bAda hAtha se nikala gayA. usa samaya tAptI se lekara devagar3ha taka kA pradeza inhIM ke nAma para vikhyAta thA. AThavIM zatI meM jaba kAThI jAti ne saurASTra meM praveza kiyA taba bhI vahA~ AbhIroM kA adhikAra thA. pandrahavIM zatI meM khAnadeza taka ye loga phaile huye the. AsA ahIra dvArA AsIra-gar3ha ke kile kI sthApanA kA ullekha pharizte ne kiyA hai. kucha loga madhyadeza ke mirjApura jile ke AhiraurA sthAna kA sambandha AbhIroM se mAnate haiM.8 daNDI ke 'AbhIrAdigira:' meM 'Adi' ke dvArA kina jAtiyoM kI ora saMketa hai ? yaha prazna hai. bhoja ne sarasvatIkaMThAbharaNa meM likhA hai ki gurjara apanI apabhraMza se hI tuSTa hote haiM. isa AdhAra para AbhIroM ke sAtha gurjaroM kA saMbaMdha jor3A jAtA hai. yadyapi gurjaroM kI bolI gaurjarI kA ullekha prAcIna graMthoM meM pAyA jAtA hai phira bhI unake dvArA apabhraza ko saMrakSaNa aura mAnyatA milI, ise nizcita taura para kahA jA sakatA hai. bhaNDArakara aura jaiksana kI khojoM se patA calatA hai ki chaThI zatAbdI IsavI meM gurjaroM ne gujarAta aura bhaDoMca ko jItA. unakI mukhya zAkhA kI rAjadhAnI bhInamAla thI aura 1. DA0 bhagavatazaraNa upAdhyAya : bhAratIya samAja kA aitihAsika vizleSaNa-pR0 106. 2. vahI pR0626. 3. DA0 bhanDArakara : iMDiyana eMTikverI-1911pR0 16. 4. paMthovenaH TrAibja eNDa kAsTsa Apha bombe-bhAga-1 pR0 21. 5. viseMTa smithaH aralI hisTrI Apha iNDiyA, pR0 286. 6. eMthovenaH TrAibz2a eMDa kAsTsa Apha bombe-bhAga 1 pR0 24. 7. vahI-pR0 24.. 8. hajAro prasAda dvivedIH hindI sAhitya kI bhUmikA-pR0 24. M JainEducion arabrary.org
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________________ wwwww~~WAN ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^m 616 : muni zrI hajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya dasavIM zatAbdI ke madhya taka unheM cAlukyoM ke kAraNa bhInamAla chor3ane ko bAdhya honA par3A. pariNAma svarUpa 658 I0 meM 18,000 gurjaroM ne sAmUhika rUpa se eka sAtha bhInAmAla chor3akara dezAntara kiyA.' ina gurjaroM ke atirikta anya pazu pAlaka evaM yAyAvara jAtiyoM ke dvArA bhI apabhraMza ko prasAra suvidhAyeM milI hoMgI. kucha bhI ho, apabhraMza apanI prAraMbhika avasthA meM cAhe inakI bolI rahI ho, para bAda meM vaha dhIre-dhIre sAre bhArata kI bhASA ho uThI. yaha bhASA mUlataH janatA kI vana calI thI aura videzI nahIM thI RE 1. ( ka ) bhaNDArakara : Ana gurjara: J. B. B. R. AS Vol. 21, Page 412 (kha) jeksana: bombe gajeTiyara bhAga-1, pR0 465-66, diveTiMyA : gujarAtI laiMgveja eNDa liTarecara meM pR0 35 para udghRta.
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________________ muni zrIhajArImala smRti-graMtha aMgrejI vibhAga -paMcama adhyAya
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________________ Jain Education Intemational
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________________ Prof. N. G. Suru Ruparel College, Bombay. JAINISM : A GREAT RELIGION Introductory : Among the systems of Philosophy and Religion evolved in the land of the Aryans, Jainism occupies a high rank on account of its interesting religious and philosophic teaching, its high moral code, its varied literature, sacred and secular, written in the Ardha-magadhi dialect, and its great prophets like Parsva and Mahavira, who by their noble ascetic life and preaching of the Jain Principles have ennobled and elavated this Religion so as to be on par with Brahmanism, Christianity or Buddhism. It is a religion that fully satisfies the vital spiritual cravings of more than fifteen lakhs of the Indian population, and has thus a living interest for us. Jainism-its origin and later development : Jainism is a Religion of Jina i.e. the Victor or the Conqueror, of the greatest enemies of man, viz., Passions. Lord Mahavira, by his life of severe restraint and penance controlled and conquered the passions within, destroyed the Karmic matter, obtained Perfect knowledge and Salvation and thus was able to preach to the masses this Path of Religion, which, after him, received the name of Jainism, formerly called the Religion of the Nigganthas or the Bondless ones'. Its chief principle is the Principle of Ahimsa, common to the religion of Lord Buddha, and it certainly made its appeal to the masses who had come to develop a feeling of abhorrence and non-belief in the elaborate Brahmanical system of sacrifice which later on permitted and indulged in nauseating excesses of slaughter, not only of animals, but of human beings too. A wide-spread reaction thus set in among the people, who with their losing faith in the existing religion of sacrifice hailed with enthusiasm this new form of Thought and accorded their full support to it, by gathering round its preachers. In this way, were laid the foundations of this new Religion which won its universal appeal by reason of its inculcation of the Principles of Non-violence, Truthfulness, Purity of conduct and Asceticism, as also by its freedom from the barriers of caste in their social and religious life. Every religion has behind it a great personality who dominates and sways the opinions and beliefs of his contemporary public. But for Jaimini, the Mimamsa school of thought would not have spread. Kapila founded the system of the Samkhya philosophy, while Gautama and Kanada were responsible for the Nyaya and the Vaisesika systems. The Upanisadic thought centres round the famous philosopher Yajnyavalkya, and without Badarayana, Gaudapada and Sankaracarya, the Advaita philosophy would never have dominated the philosophic thought of India with such a great driving force as it did in the first millenium after the Christian era. And as Mahommedanism is identified with Mahomed, Christianity with Jesus Christ, or Buddhism with Lord Buddha, similarly do we find Jainism inseparably associated with the personal life or Lord Mahavira and his predecessor Parsvanatha. Born in the Ksatriya royal * * * * * * * * * * * * IIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 1.IIIIIIIII Ini Jain ETUI838Iitt IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIPEIVE TOPONIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIiiiii gibrary.org
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________________ 2: muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha family, both Mahavira and Parsva were imbued with a philosophic outlook on life and therefore in the very early stages of their life, they took to renunciation; and leaving behind the princely life of pleasures took to the forest to practise hard authorities, at the end of which they got Kevalajnana or Perfect knowledge. In the light of this Kevalajnana they formulated the form of new Religion with its basic principle of Ahimsa, which they began to preach, themselves living up to the ordeals of the ascetic life demanded by its doctrines and thus serving as perfect examples of what they taught. Like Buddha, the Magadha country was the centre of their religious propaganda; and Mahavira wandered from place to place enlightening the people by his sermons delivered in their own language viz. Ardha-magadhi. Severe privations of hunger and thirst, heat and cold, he suffered. At times, he was beaten and belaboured by the angry and misguided masses who did not tolerate an attack on their religion. He was reviled and ridiculed, spat upon and kicked, but he never raised even his little finger in resistence. A perfect incarnation of Non-violence and Passive Resistence indeed! In his sermons he taught how highly valuable was this human life which should be utilised in securing Emancipation instead of indulging in the transitory baneful pleasures of the sense. "Leave off this worldly life, become a monk and observe the Religion of the Five Vows; (1) Do not kill or injure any living Being, (2) Never depart from Truth in your speech and action. (3) Do not take anything which is not given to you. (4) Observe a strictly pure life of celibacy and (5) Have no possessions except the religious requisites like the broom or the almsbowl. Practise severe penance, curb the Kasayas or Passions, and destroy the Karmic matter which has thickly accumulated in the Soul and has thus prevented Right Knowledge. Then you will be free from this Samsara or the migratory life and will enjoy perfect bliss and knowledge in the land of the Liberated !" This was the message of Lord Mahavira with which he approached the masses in the halo of his spiritual glory, and converted them to his new Faith. He reorganised and established the new order of monks on a sounder basis to which the laity was added later on, and thus it became a chaturvidha Samgha or Fourfold Order, in which figured the monks and nuns on the one hand, and the Laymen and the Laywomen on the other. Jainism, is, however, essentially a religion for monks, as it promises Emancipation only after the renunciation of life. A householder can reach only the first few stages of the spiritual development, after which he must cut off all worldly ties to become a monk and to secure further development of the Soul leading up to Moksa. The continuity of this Order has been maintained through an endless succession of disciple-monks to this present day and it must be said to the credit of Jainism that it has been able to present to the world even today, a very well-disciplined and pure Order of Sadhus who live the Religion in its austere rigour of all the details that characterise the daily life of a monk. The Jain Order came to be divided later on into two prominent sects, viz. the Svetambaras and Digambaras, with a third one of the Sthanakavasis. In spite of these schisms, however, this religion has maintained its compactness and solidarity, and having been able to possess a wealthy community among its adherents, it can hold up its head among the progressive religions of the world. The Jain Philosophy : The philosophy of Jainism may be briefly told as follows :-- The world is uncreated and exists from the beginning-less Time. It consists of Jiva and Ajiva . www IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII III IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii . Jain Educ iiii .. iii! !111 Orivate Personal use only IIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIII 1111111111111 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 3 and Jiva is all that is animate, and includes along with other living beings, the Earth-bodies, Water-bodies, Fire-bodies, Air-bodies, as also the plants and trees. The substance of Ajiva is Matter, which in itself is indestructible, although it takes over different modifications which have their production and destruction. It is reducible to the state of fine atoms, called the Parmanus or Anus, which combine and develop into the diverse products that we see in the Universe. By the Law of Karma, the souls or Jivas get an embodiment to experience the results of their actions, and are thus born into any one of their fourfold Gatis or existence. The ideal of the Jiva is to secure Moksa, which can be obtained only through human life, by the destruction of the Karmic matter which serves as an Avarana or hindrance to knowledge. Right Faith, Right Knowledge and Right Conduct, the three Gems of Jainism, are the essential requirements for Moksa. Liberation consists of Freedom from the cycle of Birth and Death and is characterised by Perfect Knowledge and Perfect Bliss, which the Jiva enjoys in the Land of the Liberated. This, in a nutshell, is the Philosophy of Jainism, preserved to us in their sacred Literature called the Agamas. These books are in the ancient Ardha-magadhi dialect, which is of great interest to a student of Linguistics, as it marks a definite stage in the development of the earlier Vedic language to its Modern Languages like Gujrati, Hindi and Marathi. A study of this dialect is carried on in the Universities of India, but it suffers from a great handicap for want of good critical editions of the Jain texts,- a work that should be taken up by Jain Scholars with the financial assistance of the Jain Community. Only then will Jainism be presented to the people at large in its true aspects. This Religion, as we have seen, has a long tradition and is preserved to us in all its glory in the form of its literature, in the form of the best specimens of architecture, and lastly in the form of its considerable number of followers professing this creed. A comparative study of all religions of the world will not, therefore, be complete unless Jainism is given its due share in it. SO Jain Education Interational
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________________ Prof. G. R. Jain Head of the Deptt. of Applied Physics, Madhav Engineering College, Gwalior, India. MESSAGE TO HUMANITY Jainism is one of the three most important religions which originated in India, the other two being the Vedic religion, more popularly known as Hinduism and the Budhism. Although there are historical evidences to show that Jainism was prevalent in the third millenium B.C. during the days of Indus Valley Civilisation but Lord Mahavir, born in 599 B.C., was the pioneer of this religion in modern times. Lord Mahavir was born in the province of Bihar in a royal House belonging to a warrior clan at a time when there was a universal desire in the people for the birth of a reformer and a religious leader. The bulk of the population of Northern India was greatly dissatisfied with the existing social and religious structure. The society was divided into four strata, -one, the Priesthood, called the Brahmins; the warrior class, called the Kshatriyas; the agriculturists and the traders and the fourth for whom it was regarded as their sacred duty to serve the three upper classes. The Church had become all supreme. The right of equality and fraternity was denied even to their patrons and associates. In the Code of Manu- the first Law--Giver of Mankind-we read in Chapter II verse 135 that a ten year old Brahmin boy should be respected as a father even by a century old Kshatriya. In Chapter I, verses 99-101 of the same work we read as follows: "A Brahmin is born the master of the world, the lord of all beings. Whatever exists on earth belongs to a Brahmin; by his supreme birth he deserves everything. Whatever a Brahmin enjoys or gives, is his; the rest of the people enjoy only through the mercy of a Brahmin." Thus we see that the Charter of Human Rights had been completely shattered to pieces and the people were anxious to throw off the yoke of aristocratic priesthood. Not only that, people were gradually losing faith in the efficacy of the steriotyped and cumbrous ceremonials and animal sacrifices and were looking forward for their Saviour who would gently lead them on to the way of final liberation. The policy of Caste superiority and racial discrimination was even worse in those days than in Nazi Germany or in the South Africa today. Lord Mahavir was the first to proclaim boldly that all Humanity is One; there are no such distinctions between man and man as between a cow and a horse in the animal Kingdom. Even the most servile class has the right of equality with a Brahmin and must be given the same facilities of reading, writing and worshipping the God. It must be remembered that Brahmins had denied the right of studying religious text not only to the low caste, called the Sudras, but also to the women. Lord Mahavir said : Even Sudras and women could study scriptures, become religious saints and attain the status of divinity. IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII! IIIIIIIIIIIIII Jain Educa !..IIIIIIIiiiiiiiiii IIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIII.. . iiiiiiIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII v.org
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 1 Another important teaching of Lord Mahavir was the Doctrine of Ahimsa, --non-injury and non-violance not only to the mankind but all living beings. It is the doctrine of "Live and let live." He raised a strong voice against the Holy Vedas, because all over the country thousands of animals were being ruthlessly killed in the so-called religious sacrifices in the name of the Vedas. The doctrine of Ahimsa was revived by Mahatama Gandhi in the same form in recent years and successfully applied in the field of politics. The doctrine of Panch Sheel of Pandit Nehru is the doctrine of Ahimsa which will bring about world peace if all the Nations of the world practise it with a clean heart. An observer of this principle is enjoined to speak very cautiously lest any work of his may injure the feelings of others; he is forbidden even to think evil of others; he must shun all such actions which are likely to cause bodily injury to others; he is not to kill or eat flesh; 'Do unto others as you would be done by' is his motto; he must do, as best as he can, to make those happy who are in pain. But he will not tolerate any injustice done to him or to his country even at the cost of raising up arms against the oppressor. The Theory of Automatic Judgement : As you think, so you become' and 'As you sow, so you reap' are aphorisms to which all schools of thought subscribe and the general belief is that an accurate record of all our actions is maintained in the annals of the Almighty or His agent; the judgement is pronounced on a particular day and we are doomed accordingly. According to Einstein's Cylinder theory of the Universe our three dimensional space is a curved space and a closed space enclosing a four-dimensional continuum. One startling conclusion of this theory is that both space and time would vanish into nothing if there be no matter. We cannot conceive of space and time without matter. It is matter in which originate space and time and our universe of perception. Under the circumstances it is difficult to think of a time when there was no matter. In other words the universe is eternal. Thinking along similar lines the Jain teachers came to the conclusion that this universe was not created by anybody at any special period of time. Neither the Almighty, whom we regard as All-blissful, takes upon Himself the onerous duty of disbursing justice to the beings of this Globe. He has evolved an automatic system of delivering judgement. If we put this theory of automatic judgement in the language of modern science, it amounts to staying, that as every action of ours is preceded by a thought and every thought is preceded by a material vibration in the brain, the activities of the mind and the matter constitute a super-radio with the quintillion of living cells sending out their individual waves to be tuned in by the receiving Set in the brain. (It has been possible in recent years to make a record of the brain waves, called the encephalogram and the principle of tuning is this: if we want to tune in a particular waves from outside we must produce a wave of the same kind in our receiving set by turning the tuning know). According to Jain theory, the infiux of the tuned waves constitutes an influx of foreign matter which produces a subtle coat around the soul. We know today that energy is matter and matter is energy. This coat of fine matter, the composition of which depends upon the nature of our actions, is responsible for dragging the soul from one physical body to another and it keeps the soul bound to the confines of the universe owing to the gravitational forces of matter on matter on all sides. When this coat of subtle matter is shed off the soul by following the Path of Liberation, the latter, being the lightest substance, rises to the top of the Universe like a balloon filled with hydrogen and rests there as Pure Effulgence Divine. It cannot travel any further because * * * *** ****** *** *** 111LL I IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 111IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII Jain Education international
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________________ 6 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha there is no medium of motion, viz., luminiferous aether, beyond. Thus we see that Lord Mahavir gave a unique Scientific explanation of the transmigration of the soul without invoking the aid of any super-natural agency. The details of the theory are too many to be outlined here. Another special feature of the Jain Philosophy is its theory of Anekantvad. This theory tries to establish uniformity amongst the diversity of thoughts on a particular problem. It inculcates a spirit of tolerance towards other religions of the world, so that they may sink their differences which are but apparent, for it is said by the ancients, "The Path is one for all, the ways that lead thereto must vary with the pilgrim. The theory of Anekantvad aims to co-ordinate, unify, harmonize and synthesise the individual view-points into a practicable whole; in other words, the discordant notes are blended so as to make a perfect harmony. It has been compared to the Einstein's theory of Relatively, but is much simpler and less elaborate. Relativity is mainly the theory of the physicist whereas the other has a philosophical bearing. Still the contributions of both to the ultimate outlook on life and its problems are almost the same. According to Anekant, the existence is a huge complexity; neither can human mind properly understand it nor can the human language adequately express it. As such the absolute statements are out of court and all statements are true from a certain point of view only. According to Relativity all our terms of expression like east and west, right and left, up and down, are relative; they are not the same for all the observers and under all conditions; they are not absolute but merely relative to something. Relativity is, therefore, the theory of the Statement of general physical laws in forms common to all observers. The theory of Anekant attempts in a similar way to reconcile the various conflicting schools of philosophy, not by inducing them to abandon their favourite stand-points but by proving to them that the stand-point of all others are alike tenable and represent different aspects of truth. The Cosmological Theory of the Jains : According to this theory the universe comprises of six substances. (1) the Soul, (2) the matter and energy, (3) Space, (4) Time, (5) Non-material luminiferous aether, which is the medium of motion for soul, matter and energy and (6) the field through which the gravitational and electromagnetic forces operate and maintain the cosmic unity. It is the field which keeps the electrons and protons bound down to the atom, the atom to the molecule, the molecules to a crystal and so on. It is worthy to note that the Jain School of thought was the first to recognise that atoms were composed of positive and negative electricity, that the atoms were hollow and can give rise to extremely heavy matter called 'nuclear matter under certain conditions and the principle of equivalence between mass and energy was clearly enunciated centuries before Einstein who gave it a mathemetical form. Now before I conclude this note I must tell you something about the type of daily life that a layman is enjoined to lead. The six essential duties are : 1. The worship of God by offering prayers. 2. Service to the Teacher, the Guru and listening to his sermons. 3. Study of Holy books. 4. Observations of vows for control mind. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * los soldado * 11111111111111111111 11IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII Jain EducaBORHOLTIIiiiiiiiiiiii IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII! II.1 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIiiiiiiiiiiiiiIIIII HOT - 9 1 601! IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII !
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 7 5. Contemplation and meditation in a lonely place morning and evening daily. and 6. Charity which implies giving away of food and medicine to the needy; the giving of knowledge to the uneducated and defending the cause of the weak. This habit of giving in charity gradually leads to complete renunciation of all wealth and worldly belongings which is so essential for the attainment of perfect bliss. For it is said that it is easier for a camel to pass through the needle's eye than for a rich man to tread the path of bliss'. In fact the teachings of Jainism on this point are based on what we call today the Socialistic pattern of Society. I pray to God: 0, Lord. Make myself such that I may always have unlimited love for all beings, pleasure in the company of learned men, unstrinted sympathy for those in pain and tolerance towards those perversly inclined. Jai Mahavir, Jai Hind. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ Dr. Nathmal Tatia Director, Research Institute of Prakrit, Jainology and Ahimsa, Vaishali, Muzaffarpur. A SURVEY OF JAINA RELIGION AND PHILOSOPHY So far as tradition preserved in the Jaina Agamas is concerned, Jainism is to be traced to prehistoric times for its origin. To be precise, Jainism as a religious movement and philosophical attitude is undatable. In this respect, it is on a par with Vedic religion. It has been shown with overwhelming weight of evidence by Shrimat Anirvanaji in his Vedaminamsa, recently published, that there were free thinkers contemporaneously with the Risis of the Samhitas, who did not profess allegiance to the religion of sacrifice. Whatever that may be, Jainism, Buddhism and other protestant creeds took distinctive shape and structure several centuries before the Christian era, and this does not admit of dispute. Vardhamana Mahavira was the elder contemporary of Gautama Buddha. Parsvanatha, the immediately precedent Tirthankara, is admitted on all hands to have been a historical figure. Mahavira's family was attached to the creed of Parsvanatha. There are evidences in the Jaina Agama that Mahavira succeeded in winning over the followers of Parsvanatha to his reformed church. Mahavira consolidated the monastic order as well as the lay community on strictly regulated code of religious observances. This explains the survival of the Jaina religion, though Buddhism disappeared from the land of its birth after the Muslim conquest in the 13th century. This is in a nutshell the historical background of Jaina religion and philosophy. The division of the Jaina church into Svetambara and Digambara schools is believed to have taken place at the time of Bhadrabahu who was a contemporary of Chandragupta Maurya. The points of agreement between the schools are overwhelming and those of difference are rather matters of detailed observance. There are some credal divergences such as the problem whether a woman is capable of achieving final emancipation (moksa), and such other minor issues which may be slurred over by dispassionate students of Jainism as bagatelle. In philosophy and ethics, there is enormous unanimity. The following are the cardinal doctrines of Jainism. 1. Soul and God : The Jaina believes in the immortality of the individual soul which does not owe its origin to a Personal Creator or combination of natural forces. Jainism is frankly dualistic in so far as it distinguishes Spirit from matter. Both of them have parallel existence. The soul is bound in meshes of matter and its freedom from matter constitutes final emancipation liberty. The soul * ** * III TTT Tii ary.org
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________________ Jain Eonon paMcama adhyAya 6 is consciousness compact, intuition, bliss and power, each infinite in its range. The limitation of knowledge, power and happiness is adventitious and accidental, and not historical events. In this, Jainism and Vedic religion are perfectly in unison. Its difference from Buddhism is fundamental. The Buddhist does not believe in unitary soul. But the Jainas are emphatic on the real unitary character of the self. Perfection is innate to the self which will manifest itself in its true character in the state of emancipation and the self will then realize its infinite knowledge, intuition, bliss and power. In one word, the self will become God. Godhood is the birthright of every self. 2. Ethics: The Jaina is a believer in the five mahavratas-non-injury (ahimsa), truth (satya), non-appropriation of what belongs to others (asteya), continence (brahmacharya) and non-possession and non-acquisition of surplus material goods, (aparigraha). These ethical disciplines can be practised in excelsis by those who follow the life of homeless wanderers. For the householder also these disciplines are compulsory, but can be practised with moderation and limits due to the exigencies of human life and conditions. But this is only a concession which can be transcended only in the life of complete renunciation. In the code of ethics, the agreement between the Jainas and Brahmanical schools is almost perfect. The difference lies in emphasis on practical application and observance. The philosophy of ahimsa is liable to be misunderstood. Ahimsa must proceed from perfectly disciplined mind. All moral weaknesses, pramada, are manifested in the animal impulses of anger, pride, deceit and greed, and unless these mental and moral weaknesses are completely overcome, mere practice of external code such as vegetarian diet and the like will not lead to the spiritual development. In one word, a man aspiring for perfection must be spiritually free from animal passions and in external conduct must follow the path of non-resistance to evil. All discomforts, inconveniences and lack of creature comforts must be endured without resistance and with infinite forbearance. This is of course the ideal which can be lived and fulfilled only by saints. But the householder also has no immunity from the moral obligation. Purity of conduct must be the exponent of perfectly pure mind. Truthfulness is also a necessary concomitant of non-injury. Lying and deceit are resorted to by those who want to avoid the unpleasant consequences. The tyrant must be disarmed not by recourse to physical violence, but by infinite forbearance. Not a word of abuse should escape the lips of the saint. Pride and greed are the signs of moral weakness. They are the concomitants of the fear of loss, or the desire to be feared by the less fortunate creatures. This weakness must be transcended by the realization of the truth that infinite greatness in knowledge, power and self-possession are the natural heritage of the individual soul, and until this consummation is reached, one has every reason to feel humble and ashamed of the limitations. No pride of possession is legitimate and rational, because material power and wealth have their inevitable limitations. Only one who has risen above greed can be really great and noble. This is in sum and substance the ethical philosophy of the Jaina. The concept of ahimsa is not negative. One has no right to take the life of another creature for his self-gratification. Life cannot be restored to the victim, and it is nothing short of brutish barbarism to indulge in self-pleasure at the expense of other creatures who have the ** *** *** ** * wavelbrary.org
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________________ 10 : muni zrIha jArImala smRti-grantha same charter of rights to live and work out their ultimate destiny. The tyrant is the worst coward, though he poses to be the boldest man. The true hero is he who has mastered the animal in him. The last Tirthankara was called Mahavira, the great hero, because he conquered the weaknesses of the flesh. 3. Religion : 1 In religion, the Jaina lays emphasis upon self-exertion. One must not depend upon the grace of another for his self-upliftment. Of course, the teachers of humanity, the prophets, seers and the path-finders are entitled to the respect and loyalty of all right-thinking persons. This is the reason why Mahavira is worshipped as God. These perfected saints show their mercy only by imparting spiritual strength to the weaker souls who are victims of their own past deeds. The very contemplation and meditation of perfect teachers of humanity vouchsafes grace and spiritual strength. Grace cannot be acquired by sinners unless they turn away from the evil course of life. It is nothing but a travesty to think that the Jainis are atheists. Worship of a Personal God is not encouraged in Jaina religion, because this has the tendency to encourage sloth and a spirit of helpless dependence. However much one may speak of the infinite grace and mercy of God, one cannot have the benefit of this grace unless one helps himself and prepares himself for the appropriation of the spiritual light. The Jaina believes that every man is a potential God and one who does not believe in the Godhood of man is an atheist. 4. Philosophy: In the field of philosophy which, in one word, is the urge to realize the ultimate destiny of the soul, the Jaina thought is based upon a correct appraisal of truth and reality. So far as the world of experience is concerned, the doctrine of non-absolutism (anekanta) expresses the philosophical outlook of the Jaina thinker. The Jaina is not a dogmatist and seeks to shun extremism in thought and action. Fanaticism is the virulent expression of extremism. One believes in one's doctrine, and in the truth and infallibility of one's mode of worship attached to one's particular faith. But truth is multiform and has many facets. One therefore should not condemn another for his view, but try to appreciate the intellectual and moral foundation of the belief. If he is wrong, he must be enlightened not by physical force or tyranny of wealth and knowledge, but by sympathy and demonstration of the truth in one's own life. The sevenfold predication (saptabhangi-naya) expounds the metaphysical position of the Jaina. The Jaina is a believer in infinite number of jivas and is not willing to dismiss the plurality as false appearance. Reality is infinite in its variety and this has to be accommodated in one's philosophical evaluation. The Jaina therefore is not a monist. He is not a subjectivist idealist who believes in the reality of his own thoughts and ideas alone. He is not a nihilist. He believes in all these onesided estimates only as facets of one infinite reality. They must be integrated into one whole. His difference with the Buddhist nihilist and the subjectivist is on the score of onesided, partial and imperfect evaluation. A thing is true in its own place and own character, but is untrue and false in another. This falsity qua another is compatible with its truth in its own sphere and nature. The Jaina does not condemn these thinkers as incorrigible and unregenerate souls destined to be condemned without any chance of redemption. The Jaina only seeks to draw the notice of the opponents to the other side of the coin. One must * * * hot * ** * en een aantal * * Jain Edintei III V !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ary.org iiii
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 11 not put the telescope on the blind eye, but try to develop the correct vision which is within the reach of all, and can be acquired only if one chooses. Anekantavada in metaphysics and ethics and so also in epistemology is thus an exponent of the broad liberalism of the Jaina thinker who however is never tired of preaching the infinitude of the modes and grades of the ultimate reality. The Jaina does not believe in vicarious emancipation. Every man must realize his ultimate freedom and unless he is earnest in the quest of truth, he cannot help himself out of the rut. Mahavira is merciful because he has shown us the way to truth, and not because he chooses to take the sins of erring souls on his head as their saviour. He gives the saving knowledge which must be acquired and appropriated by every individual as his own. Mercy is not exploited for giving an unlimited charter of a sinful career to the sluggards. Every man has the power (virya) to achieve his perfection, and for this he has to depend on his own self. He must be grateful to the great prophets who have shown the path to be followed for working off his load of accumulated sins. The Jainas have produced a wonderful philosophy and a still more wonderful code of ethics and it is incumbent upon all seekers of truth to cultivate a deep acquaintance with this heritage left to humanity.
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________________ Shri Ramchandra Jain THE PRE-ARYAN SHRAMANIC SPIRITUALISM 1. Aryan Migrations: The Aryans of History began their historic migrations Circa 2500 B.C. from their original habitat in the South of the Circumpolar region and to the North of the Caspian and Aral Seas covering the northern parts of the mountaneous Eurasian Steppes and the southern part of the thick Siberian forests extending upto the eastern sea-coast. This region was known to the post-Aryan ancients as Uttarakuru. They reached West Asia circa 2000 B.C., Greece circa 1500 B.C. and Bharata circa 1200 B.C. The Aryan hegemony in this region was firmly established by circa 1000 B.C. and in Egypt by Circa 500 B.C. It has generally been held by the oriental scholars that the culture and civilization the Aryans annihilated, was definitely far superior; both materially and spiritually, than their own. 2. Spiritual Experiences : We find a remarkable homegenous culture and civilization, broadly speaking, throughout the vast region stretching from Egypt to Bharata, stronger at certain points and weaker at others, with necessary variations conditioned by geography and geology, with no other culture opposed to it in any other part of the world till the rise, growth and hegemony of Aryanism. Such a significant and deep homogeneity could not be wrought and maintained by mere secular forces. There was something deeper, more serene, fundamentally permanent that governed these forces and gave life, cheerfulness and vivaciousness to the material activities of the people. That underlying force of values, principles and standards forged their social ideology that determined the nature of their basic way. Human society, through its long experiences, developed an understanding that in the motley of these ever-changing events, there is something permanent without which the changes would be unmeaningful. There is grief, suffering and woe which none cherishes; then why bring grief, suffering and woe to a fellow humanbeing, nay, to any being on earth enjoying life. The discovery of the identity of something permanent in the plurality of living beings became the foundation stone of the human society. The permanent substance came to be called Atma or Soul. The discovery of soul was the result of the dialectical historical efforts of the mankind. Human efforts conditioned the nature of society. The efforts of individual members of the society reduced the woe and suffering of his fellow beings to the minimum. The ideal indivi Jain Editor in *** Cha Cha *** *** www.thelibrary.org
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 13 dual efforts began to be directed to the end which would cause the least suffering to the other living beings. The second discovery of the Efficiacy of Effort became the driving force of the Soul. These two discoveries combined, led to the third discovery of the Transmigration of Soul. If Soul was a permanent substance; it has the capacity to attain its fullest purity. This led to the Fourth Discovery of Siddhi or final attainment. These four discoveries together constitute the fundamental basis of the Ideology of Spiritualism. 3. Definition of Shramana : Atmic or Inner Effort is the life qua non of the Ideology of the Spirit or Soul. The right inner effort leads to Siddhi or Nirvana. Word Shramana stands for the right inner effort. Shrama means exercise of the spirit and austerity which are the qualities of the Soul or Spirit. The suffix word "N" stands for knowledge. Knowledge signifies rightness, Shrama, thus, means "The Spiritual Way" and Sramana, as a follower of this way, is the individual or society pursuing activities in a righteous, spiritual way. Soul is inherently free and self-existent and always effortive. Shrama or inner effort, thus, allows no fear or compulsion. The society founded on the "right inner effort" is a Shramanic society. The word Shramana later came to denote an ascetic, a Munior a Yati following the Jaina or Buddhist way. The follower of Shramana came to be called Shramanopasaka. But that was not the original meaning of the word Shramana. Shramana in its origin, signifies "one who makes effort or exertion with a right inner prospective". The word originally applied to all the stages of life; householder's or ascetic, Shravakas or Munis. The Shramanic society is one that is founded upon free, fearless and right individual and social effortiveness. The pre-Aryan people of the region extending from Egypt to Bharata had developed the homogenous spiritual way based on right inner effortiveness; hence we may call them the Shramanic people and their region, the Shramanic region. The people followed the Shramanic way. 4. Egyptian Shramanism : The Egyptians believed in Soul, its transmigration to future life and its final attainment. When an Egyptian died, he 'went to his ka'. This was his material body after death. The actual personality of the individual in life consisted of visible body and invisible intelligence. The Visible and the Invisible was depicted in one symbol-the human-headed bird with human arms. This signified the fact that the material or physical existence of the individual is best typified in the animal while his spiritual existence is his innate intelligence. This bird-man is called 'ba'. "Ba' has commonly been translated as Soul. This symbolism of bird-man is of great far-reaching significance. Egyptians held the animal sacred. The immigrant Asiatic people engrafted a more elevated form of belief. They believed that animals had certain attributes of divinity. They had 'Souls' just like men. This symbolism definitely establishes the unity and oneness of spirit in animal and man. It is quite certain that the Egyptians believed in body and intelligence; Matter and Spirit. These spiritual beliefs of the Egyptians are contained in the book "The Manifestation of Light" miscalled "Book of the Dead". The essential parts of this book originated in the most ancient times. This book claims to be a revelation from Thoth. The oldest monumental evidence of the existence of Thoth is available in the oldest existing Egyptian temple belonging to the reign of Chefren (Shafra), the builder of the second pyramid. He belonged to the Fourth *** beleef *** *** .00 www III 1911111111111 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII . ILLUDINIIiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii i iii Monte IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! IIIIIIIIIIIIIiii ! elibrary.org Jain
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________________ 14 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha Dynasty and lived circa 2800 B.C. Thoth is the same as Tet. Tet was son of Menes (Narmer of Petrie and Breasted) who flourished Circa 3350 B.C. This Thoth was later regarded as essentially the God of learning; he was the master of the words of God i.e. the heiroglyphs; he was the scribe and messanger of the Gods; he was the measurer of time and the Mathematician. Hesepti or Hesep is mentioned in several copies of the Book as the author of the two of its most important chapters. Thoth or Tet and Hesepti or Hesep, the plebians, certainly do belong to the First Dynasty and lived also during the times of Menes. The first peaceful colonisers of Egypt under the leadership of Menes, as elsewhere shown, came from Bharata. Hence it may safely be alluded that the Bharatiyan immigrants brought the truths contained in the Book with them in the middle of the fourth millenium. B.C.2 The most ancient original chapters of the Book contained the fundamental conceptions of the continuance of Soul after death. The thought of the future life occupied a very large space in the Egyptian thought. It was felt so real and so substantial that no subsequent thought about future life could match it. This process of birth and re-birth re-iterated until a mystic cycle of years became complete, when finally the good and the blessed attained the crowning joy of union with God. God, a later interpolation, in this context, is a pure spirit, perfect in every respect-all-wise, almighty, supremely good. God is not abstract and 'he doth not manifest his forms'. He was neither the 'God' of the Christians nor the Personal Brahma' of the Brahmaryans. He was the purest spirit of the individual, good and blessed, attained due to continuous spiritual efforts after the numerous mystic cycle of years. Then he became "Single among the Gods' and 'Lord of the Gods', 'God' meaningless purer spirit than the purest but higher than the average individual. The earliest Egyptians attempted to attain this true and full perfection of his being. The purest Soul was the self-existent deity. Thus we find that the final aim of the Egyptian was the attainment of full, perfect, purest and everlasting personality till the later part of third millenium B.C. The full and final purest attainment was achieved by the self-propelled individual effort. What were the guiding principles of this individual effort? The ideal life of an ancient Egyptian is best given in 125th Chapter of the Book. This chapter 'Hall of Truth' is very significant. Temples. Priests and Gods were a later growth. The individual at his death appears before Osiris in the Hall of Truth'. The earliest monumental evidence of Osiris (Asura) occurs along with that of Thoth as alluded to earlier. Osiris also came to Egypt with the earliest immigrants under the leadership of Menes. Animals were sacred to Osiris. The original reading of the word Osiris is 'Us-yri'' in the sense of the 'Occupier of the Highest Seat'. The word "Us-yri' very intimately resembles the word 'Asura' of Bharata. The word 'Asura' signified a pre-Aryan Bharatiya institution. The Iranaryans borrowed this epithet for their leaders Agni, Indra, Varuna and others in the beginning but after the separation, the Brahmaryans later abondoned its use for the illustrious, powerful, shining and great leaders of their Dasa and Dasyu adversaries. The Brahmaryans were accustomed to the arbitrary kind of word-analysis. They created the word 'Sura' in an unjustified manner by isolating the initial 'a' from 'Asura'. They, then, applied the word 'Sura' for their Ganapatis and word "Asura' for the Rajas of their adversaries. The Asuras were self-sacrificing people. The legend of Osiris is centred round the self-sacrifice of Osiris himself and his regeneration. Osiris was regarded as the highest spiritual personage in Egypt and Pharaoh was his sub * * * * * * ** IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII! 2.III I III!!! ! ! ! ! IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII!.IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII Jain Educat ii IIIIIIIII IIIIIIIII I IIIIIIIIIIIIIII aly.org
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 15 ordinate. When the spiritual culture of Egypt began to decline, the later Pharaohs began to call themselves the son of Osiris or living Osiris.? Osiris was the highest spiritual saint of Egypt and after his death, another such personage occupied his seat. The cult of Osiris was the most important cult in Egypt because it belonged to all the classes from the highest to the lowest. 5. Egyptian Shramanic Tenets : Osiris, by practice and precept, taught the people of Egypt certain basic truths. When the individual at his death went before Osiris, he claimed a better future life because he had lived according to the way taught by him. That basic way contains fundamental truths which I classify as follows : 8-- 1. Tenets of Non-Violence 1. I have not slain. 2. I have not given orders to slay. 3. I have not ill-treated animals. 4. I have not driven cattle from their pastures. 5. I have not hunted the birds. 6. I have not caught fish in the marshes. 7. I did not take away food. 8. I have not made any one weep. 9. I have not done violence to the poor. 10. I have not made anyone sick. 11. I have not made anyone suffer. 12. I did not stir up strife. 13. My voice was not very loud. 14. I was not an eaves-dropper. 15. I have not held up the water in the season. 16. I have not dammed running water. 17. I have not put out a fire that should have stayed a light. II. Tenets of Truth 18. I did not speak lies. 19. I did not make falsehood in the place of truth. 20. I was not deaf to truthful words. 21. I did not multiply words in speaking. 22. My mouth did not wag. 23. I did the truth (or righteousness) in the land of Egypt. III. Tenets of Non-Stealing 24. I did not steal. 25. I did not steal temple endowment and property. 26. I have not stolen the cattle of Gods. 27. I did not diminish food in the temple. * * Spe IIIIIIIIIIIIIII!!!1111111 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII U TEBUTIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII BORBOISE OIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIiiiiiiiii....... IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII iiiiiiiiiiiiiwalay.org Jain E
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________________ VIJFIF 16 muni zrIhajArImala smRtigrantha 28. I have not harmed the food of the Gods. 29. I have not falsified the measure of the grain. 30. I have not added weight to the scales. 31. I have not taken the milk from the mouth of Children. IV. Tenets of Continance 32. I did not commit adultery with women. 33. I did not commit sex-pollution. Jain Leigh or a pre V. Tenets of Non-Possessiveness 34. I did not rob. 35. I did not rob one crying for his possessions. 36. My fortune was not great but by my (own) property. I was not avaricious. 37. 38. My heart devoured not (coveted not). 39. I did not stir up fear. 40. I did not wax hot (in temper). 41. I did not revile. 42. I was not puffed up. 43. I did not blaspheme the God. Ancillary Tenets 44. I did not do any abomination of God. 45. I have satisfied the God with that which he desires. 46. I have bread to the hungry, water to the thirsty, clothing to the naked and a ferry to him who was without a boat. 47. I make divine offerings for the Gods. 48. I am one of pure mouth and pure hands. *** 49. I have not known what is not. Right Knowledge Right Conduct 50. I live on righteousness (samyaktva), I feed on the righteousness of my heart. Final Aim 51. I am blameless. These injunctions are self-speaking. Their human values are obvious. Life is sacred as Soul resides in all living beings. The recognition of Soul in animal kingdom is significant. It is for this reason that animals were sacred to Osiris. The religious calendar of the Egyptians contained a number of fasts, some of which lasted from seven to forty-two days. Throughout the whole duration of every such period, the priests (or anybody undergoing such fasts) were required to abstain entirely from animal food, from herbs and vegetables and from wine. Their diet on these occasions can have been little more than bread and water. Some of the tenets of non-violence are very subtle and go very deep. Non-eating of vegetables, abstinance from violence to water and fire indicate that the Egyptians considered Vegetable Kingdom, Waterbodies and Fire-bodies to possess life. Greed, expropriation and exploitation are denounced. * * www.library.org
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________________ Jain Eu paMcama adhyAya : 17 They believed in freedom from fear, balance of tempers, futility of blasphemy and reviling of others, harms of flactery and ill-speaking, help of fellow citizens and purity of speech and conduct. He acquired right knowledge and was sincerely effortive to practically implement it in life. He made supreme efforts to achieve his final attainment. 6. Sumerian Shramanism: The Sumerians believed in Soul and its life after death. Purer Souls went to the Island of the blest after death. The Island of the blest may be compared to heaven. The darker Souls went to the Nether Worlds, a dark; gloomy and damp place meant merely to trouble the living. The Sumerians believed in the plurality of Souls. They had firm belief in the immortality of the Souls. Immortality was the permanent and ever-happy existence of the Soul. The Sumerians are described as pessimistic people unlike the optimistic Egyptians. I do not think the Sumerians to be a pessimistic people. In spite of the lamentation rituals and penitential hymns, they believed in the immortality of Soul through self-suffering. The righteous man bore sufferings with joy. Whatever suffering may come and however unjust it may seem; the righteous man confesses his sins and awaits his liberation from suffering. When liberation is achieved, the suffering is turned into joy. The suffering of the Sumerian originated from his convictions in self-control, conscious effacement, fellow-feeling and in the living belief in immortality. The Sumerians did not enjoy life because they did not want to usurp to themselves alone the material benefits; thus depriving their fellow beings of them. They believed that self-suffering would make their Souls purer accompanied with the firm assurance that the fruits of their suffering would ripen in a better future life. They extended the quality of their suffering to this extent that they accepted voluntary death in the assurance of a life to come.12 The famous excavator of Ur. Sir Leonard Woolley had dug many graves, which he calls Royal Cemetery, wherein many dead bodies are found in straight and happy postures. Some bodies of women are wearing ornaments of gold, lapis lazule, silver and other precious metals. No single grave has any figure of a God. The graves contain many dead bodies indicating voluntary group deaths. So many people could not be forced to accept death on the expiry of a single person; royal or otherwise, to accompany him in the future life. Woolley also concedes that all this paraphernalia indicates that the dead persons had belief in future life.13 Compulsory death at the order of some one else does not bring a happy future life. It is only voluntary suffering that assures a better future life. This phenomenon goes very deep and nearer to the Jain belief in Samlekhana Samthara (Voluntary Spiritual Death). Gilgamesh was the fifth ruler of the first post-diluvian dynasty of Uruk. He was ordained to enjoy kingship but not the permanent immortality which he cherished most. He took to journey through the forest along with his friend Enkidu whom he lost in the middle of the journey. Gilgamesh repented his friend's death very much and set out in the search for ever-lasting life. He reached the shores, with the help of a ferry man, of the land of Dilmun. He went to Utnapishtim who alone possessed the ever-lasting life. Utnapishtim imparted Gilgamesh these immortal words of wisdom, "There is no permanence. All men are to die. Despise worldly Gods. Save your Soul alive. Abhore sins and transgressions". This was the mystery, the secret revealed by Utnapishtim to Gilgamesh.14 The land of Dilmun, to which *** *** Cha Cha Cha ** $$$$$$$ ** wonglibrary.org
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________________ 18 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha Gilgamesh went, was a country pure, clean, bright, where even utters no cries, the lion kills not, the wolf snatches not the lamb, unknown is the kid-devouring wild dog, unknown is the grain-devouring, (unknown) is the widow, without the sick-eyed, the sick-headed, without old man and woman, having no wailing priests and singers. The city of Dilmun was situated on the mouth of the rivers and possessed furrowed fields and farms. Dilmun was situated to the East where the sun rises. Uruk was at a distance of forty-five days journey to the West by sea from Dilmun. There one day was equal to one month. Grain was cultivated abundantly there. The orchards of Dilmun were full of cucumbers, apples, grapes and various other plants.15 Sumerologist Dr. Kramer identifies Dilmun with the land of Indus Valley civilization.16 Bharta was the land of non-violence, peace, abundance and immortality referred to in these Sumerian accounts in the beginning of the third millenium B.C. Ancient Sumer looked to Bharta for spiritual guidance. 7. Sumerian Shramanic Tenets : A pure and clean life was attained by an individual soul through his or her personal efforts. He had to follow an ethical code of conduct. He had to adhere to strict moral standards. Misfortunes came as rerults of moral transgressions-such as lying, stealing, defrauding, maliciousness, adultery, coveting the possessions of others, unworthy ambitions, injurious teachings and other misdemeanours. The Sumerian spiritual tenets are, like the Egyptian, not available at one place. They have been collected from various places and have been re-arranged in order here.18 1. Tenets of Non-Violence 1. Shedding of blood is sin. 2. Bringing of estrangement between father and son, son and father, mother and daughter, daughter and mother, mother-in-law and daughter-in-law, daughter-inlaw and mother-in-law, brother and brother, friend and friend, companion and companion is a sin. 3. Keeping a person bound as a captive and a prisoner is a sin. 4. The avoidance of light to a prisoner and torture to him is a sin. 5. The neglect of father and mother and insult of elder sister is a sin. 6. Causing separation of a united family is a sin. 7. Over stepping the just bounds is a sin. 8. The following of the path of evil is a sin. 9. Be helpful, be kind to the servant. 10. Not releasing a freed man out of the family is a sin. 11. Setting himself up against a superior is a sin. 12. Tyranny, cruelty and oppression are sins. 13. Protect the maid of the house. II. Tenets of Truth 1. Speaking 'no' for 'yes' and 'yes' for 'no' is a sin. 2. Frank mouth with a false heart is a sin. 3. The teaching of impure and instructing of improper is a sin. 4. Drawing a false boundary, not drawing the right boundary is a sin. * * * * * ** * * * * * * 111111111111 IIIIIIIIIIII Jain Education iiii IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIiiiii IIIIIII III IIIIIIIIIIIIII! IIIIIIIIIIIII I I I. Otorgry.org
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 16 5. Slander is a sin. 6. Speaking of evil is a sin. 7. Boasting and speaking in anger is a sin. 8. Speaking of low and unkind words is a sin. 9. Seeking of right and avoiding of wrong is a human virtue. 10. Speaking of 'yes' with mouth and 'no' with heart is a sin. III. Tenets of Non-Stealing 1. Using of false weights is a sin. 2. The removing of limit, mark or boundary is a sin. 3. To possess the neighbour's house is a sin. 4. Stealing of a neighbour's garment is a sin. 5. Taking of wrong sumand not taking the correct amount is a sin. 6. Cheating and defrauding are sins. IV. Tenet of Continence 1. Polygamy is a sin. v. Tenets of Non-Possessiveness 1. Giving too little and refusing a larger amount is a sin. 2. Not giving the promised is a sin. The spiritual tenets followed by the ancient Sumerians clearly reveal their basic spiritual character. The Sumerians achieved Immortality through personal efforts; not by the grace of God or Brahma. They moulded their earthly institutions in consonance with their basic beliefs. 8. Bharatiya Shramanism : Bharata is the birth place of the ideology of Spiritualism. We do not possess extent literature of the Pre-Aryan Bharata. The Harappa script, even if rightly deciphered, may only help a little. The present Bharatiya spiritual thought may be divided into three currents; the Brahmanic, the Buddhist and the Jainist. The later two thoughts are well-known as Shramana ideologies distinguished from the Brahmana ideology. The Jain and Buddhistic tenets are essentially similar. Both believe in the spiritual tenets of Non-violence, Truthfulness, Non-stealing and Perfect Continance. Buddha replaces non-possessiveness or non-attachment by Liberality. The other spiritual tenets of both are strikingly similar. 19. The Jain thought is pre-Buddhistic. Twenty-third Tirthamkara Parsva preceded Buddha. Parsva is now accepted as a historical personage.20 Buddha fully accepted the Chuajjama of Parsva. Buddha developed his religion on the foundation of the Chaujjama of Parsva.21 The Chaujjama of Parsva was developed into Pancha-Mahavrata of Mahavira. Of these two Shramanic thoughts; we may safely rely upon Jaina Sutras to represent the pre-Buddhistic spiritual thought. Upanisadas represent the Brahmanical spiritual thought. As shown elsewhere, the Brahmanas did not accept spiritualism truthfully. They borrowed spiritual thoughts from their pre-Aryan adversaries, now friends, in a perverted manner. They never honestly accepted the Doctrine of Non-Violence. The word Ahimsa occurs only once in the Pre-Mahavira Upanisad, the * * * * * * * * * * * * * 08 www. 111!! IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII Jain dictionn11iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIII delibrary.org
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________________ ZZZB444*** 20 muni zrI hajArImala smRti grantha Chhandogya Upanisad. Non-Violence and Truthful-Speech, here, are enumerated amongst the gifts of the priests. Chhandogya recommends only the truthful speech, not the truth in entirety. The gift of non-violence is done away with by another reference in the same Upanisad where violence is permitted at holy places.22 The pre-Upanisadic Vedic thought is purely materialistic. Hence we cannot look to Upanisads for comparing the Bharatiya spiritual thoughts with those of Egypt and Sumer. Jain Edico Porcu When the Brahmaryans penetrated the frontiers of Western Bharata, we find asecetics and Yogis surviving from pre-Vedic and pre-Aryan times. They are called 'Munis' in Vedic literature and Shramanas in the age of Buddha and Mahavira. Muni was to the Rigvedic culture an alian figure. Asceticism is directly opposed to the entire Weltanschauung of the Rigveda-Samhita. The Shramana sects held towards the world an attitude of ascetic pessimism, disbelieved in a personal cause or creator of the universe, accepted plurality of souls and an ultimate distinction between Soul and Matter, regarded the world of common sense as real as due to one or more real factors at least partly independant of the soul, and consequently regarded as indispensable for salvation some form of strenuous practical discipline aiming at affecting a real alteration in the situation of Things. The Shramanic culture was ascetic, atheistic, pluralistic and 'realistic' in content. This comes out clearest from a consideration of the earliest faith of the Jainas-one of the oldest living surviving sects of the Munis. The pre-Upanisadic materialistic (Pravrtti-Dharmic) Vedic thought later evolved psuedo-spiritual thought (Nivrtti-Dharmic) mainly through the influences of the Muni Shramana culture, in pre-Buddhistic times, within its fold.23 The Acharanga is the most ancient extant Jaina Sutra going probably to fourth century B.C. The pre-Aryan spiritual ideology of the Muni-Shramana culture of Bharata, in its pristine glory, has been preserved in this Sutra. Mahavira's followers moulded in the past and mould in the present their conducts according to the precepts ordained in this Sutra. We learn from Uttaradhyayana Sutra that Parsva and his follower saints followed the same code of conduct which was later followed by Mahavira and his follower saints. The Achara of both the Tirhamrkaas was of the same quality. The integrity of the precepts enjoined upon saints in the Acharanga Sutra, thus goes back to the Ninth Century B.C. Vreabha has been unanimously accepted as the First Tirthamkara. Rigveda knows Vrsabha who differentiated between Spirit and Matter.24 Acharanga differentiates between Spirit and Matter. Acharanga, therefore, is entitled to more weight and authority from the scholars than it has hitherto been given. The pre-Brahmaryan Bhartlyan, firstly, believed in Soul.25 They divided the world in six substances Dharma (Motion-Medium), Adharma (Rest-Medium), Space, Time, Matter and Souls. The characteristic of soul is knowledge, faith, conduct, austerities, energy and realisation. The characteristic of Matter is sound, darkness, lustre, light, shade, sunshine, colour, taste, smell and touch. Dharma, Adharma and Space are each one substance only; but time, matter and soul are an infinite number of substances.26 In the final analysis; the first four substances are included in the category of Matter. The world, thus, remains constituted of Soul and Matter or Spirit and Matter. Secondly, they believed in the doctrine of the transmigration of soul. A soul that does not comprehend and renounce the causes of sin takes manifold births.27 All living beings owe their present form of existence to their own Karma (Resultant-Effortiveness). Imperfect men whirl in the cycle of births, old age and death.28 ** *** *** ** vale bart.org
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________________ Jain Edu paMcama adhyAya : 21 The Bharatiyan divided the Samsara (World), where the souls whirled, in Lower Regions, Central (Earthly) Regions and Upper Regions. The Egyptians divided the world into Hades, Earth and Heaven and the Sumerians in to Nether World, Earth and Heaven or the Land of the Blest. Thirdly, Bharatiyans believed in the doctrine of Final Attainment. The awakened persons having Right-View (Samyaktva)2 shall, one day or the other, have Final Attainment. Salvation and Liberation are imperfect words which do not carry the full significance of the concept of Siddhi. The nature of the State of Siddhi is inexpressible in words. The path of births is quitted. Soul completely detaches itself from Matter. It is the state of spiritual perfection and consummation of knowledge. Siddhi is known to the Egyptians as Blamelessness and to the Sumerians as Immortality; though the contexts make them only a diluted Siddhi. The Bharatiyans, fourthly, believed in the doctrine of Karma (Resultant-Effortiveness). The soul is inherently free. It is free to do good or evil. Matter is bondage and bondage is Samsara (World). The freedom of soul rules out any interference by one soul in the freedom of the other soul. All the living beings are like one's own self.1. No exterior force bestows upon man, Siddhi. A man has to earn it by his own incessant and persistant right personal efforts. The Right Knowledge in Truth and Existence is the first requisite. The second requisite is Right Faith. The third requisite is Right Conduct. The path of Right Conduct. with Right Faith in the final aim and the path leading to it, armed with Right Knowledge leads to Final Attainment. The Right Effort, thus, is of supreme importance in life. 9. Bharatiya Shramanic Tenets : Acharanga Sutras is the embodiment of the doctrines of Right Effort. Achara means Right Effort. The causes of sins and transgressions have to be removed by following the spiritual way. This ideal right way is prescribed for a Muni (Saint). He follows these spiritual tenets in totallity. A householder follows these spiritual tenets only partially. There is only the difference of degree, not of the content. The path is one and the same for both. Bharatiya Spiritual Tenets are thus prescribed in Acharanga Sutra. I. Tenets of Non-Violence 33 1. Do not injure earth-bodies. 2. Do not injure water-bodies. 3. Do not injure fire bodies. 4. Do not injure plants. 5. Do not injure animals. 6. Do not injure wind-bodies. 7. The learned kills not, nor causes other to kill, nor consents to the killing of others. 8. Walk carefully to avoid injury to others. 9. Purify mind to control blamable actions. 10. Speak carefully not to hurt others. 11. Lay down carefully to avoid injury to others. II. Tenets of Truth34 1. Nirgrantha practises Truth constantly. 2. Nirgrantha accepts Truth in totality. *** *** *** ** ZZZZZZZ--- wahabary.org
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________________ 4444444444 22 : muni zrI hajArImala smRti grantha 3. Speak with deliberation to avoid falsehood. 4. Be not angry. Anger brings falsehood. Be not greedy. 5. 6. Fear not. 7. Renounce mirth. Jain Batch more det III. Tenets of Non-Stealing35 1. Taking the life of others is thievery. 2. A Nirgrantha does not accept anything without being given. 3. A Nirgrantha begs after deliberation for a limited ground. A Nirgrantha consumes his food and drink with permission. A Nirgrantha should take ground only for a limited period. The grant should be constantly renewed. IV. Tenets of Continance36 4. 5. 6. 1. A Nirgrantha renounces all sexual pleasures. 2. There should be no discussion of topics relating to women. 3. The lovely forms of women should not be contemplated. 4. Former sexual pleasures and amusements should not be recalled. 5. Eating and drinking too much, eating of highly-seasoned dishes and drinking of liquors is forbidden to a Nirgrantha. 6. A bed affected by women, animals or eunuchs should not be occupied. V. Tenets of Non-Possessiveness? 1. The Nirgrantha renounces all possessions, all attachments. 2. There should be no attachment to pleasant and unpleasant sounds. 3. There should be no attachment to agreeable and disagreeable forms. 4. There should be no attachment to agreeable and disagreeable smells. 5. There should be no attachment to agreeable and disagreeable tastes. 6. There should be no attachment to agreeable and disagreeable touches. 7. A Nirgrantha should not accept food more in quantity then required. These five tenets or Pancha-Mahavratas are ordained for a Nirgrantha, a Muni, a Saint. He shall follow the precepts of non-violence, truth, non-stealing, continance and non-attachment in totality without any exception in any condition at any time or place whatsoever. But every member of the society cannot become a Saint. Ordinary householders cannot completely follow this path. They may tread a part of it but the path is the same. A householder follows these tenets in diluted forms. We have seen many more tenets being followed by the Egyptians and the Sumerians. Non-cruelty to cattle, birds and fish; bringing not tear and suffering to others; falsification of avarice and covetousnes; reviling, puffing and blaspheming; and many more such other tenets, followed by Egyptians and the Sumerians, are only lower forms of one or the other of the above five Supreme Tenets or Great Vows. The spiritual precepts were practised in totality without exception in Bharata. The ordinary citizens followed Smaller Vows or Anuvratasas just like the Egyptians and the Sumerians. *** *** ** elibrary.org
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 23 9. Pre-Hellenic AEgean Shramanic : The archaeological excavation in Greece, Crete and other AEgean islands have unearthed the Pre-Aryan Minoan culture in the AEgean but the Minoan script has not so far been satisfactorily deciphered and we gather the contents of the pre-Hellenic picture of Greek culture and civilization mainly through the material relics brought to light by the grace of archaeologists. A bronze statue of Reshef' belonging to the 12th century B.C. discovered at Alasia near Enkoni in Cyprus has been discovered. The statue has two significant horns. This Reshef of Western Asia has been identified with Risabha of Bharata who was the common inherited God of the Pheonicians, Amrorites and the Arameans. He was a deified personage of history belonging to a hoary past beyond any historical date but he was a very popular God in Egypt, Western Asia and the Mediterranean Circa 3000 B.C.39 Reshef or Risabha was the spiritual leader of the pre-Aryan neolithic Cretans. He may safely by identified with the pre-Aryan Bharatiya Risabha of the most ancient Hoary past, the founder of the Bharatiya Shramanic Way. The Greekaryans firmly rooted their final supremacy in Greece and the AEgean Circa 1000 B.C. The spiritual Risabha traditions still lingered on even after this event. After the establishment of the Greekaryan authority, the synthetic forces acted and reacted upon each other and the foreign Aryan rulers borrowed much from the defeated erstwhile masters of the lands. Thereafter a great Greek, Dionysus, son of Zeus and Persephone, developed a religion which was savage and repulsive in original form. He was the God of primitive tribal Greek agriculturists following the ways of Ganapati Indra in tribal drinking of wine. Dionysus was a great success in Greece; but under the new set of circumstances, that could not continue for long and another great Greek, Orpheus of Crete, influenced by the spiritual way of life gave the Greek religion an ascetic content. Orpheus believed in soul and its transmigration. The Orphics believed that Man is partly of earth and partly of heaven, meaning thereby that Man is the union of Spirit and Matter. They believed that by a pure life, the heavenly part is increased and earthly part decreased. The soul in the next world acheived salvation. The Orphics abstained from animal food. It is certain that Orphic doctrines contain much that seems to have its first source in Egypt and it was cheifly through Crete that Egypt influenced Greece. Orpheus was torn to picence10 for reforms in the Olympian religion. Orphism was the Greek spiritual revivalism as Buddhism was the Bharatiya spiritual revivalism. The belief of Orphism in Soul, Effortivism, Transmigration and final Attainment are not only peculiarly Egyptian but significantly enough, strikingly similar to the Bharatiyan beliefs, and also with the Sumerian beliefs. If these beliefs went to Crete via Egypt; they must have gone during the period of old Republic in the beginning of the third millenium B.C. 11. Pre-Aztec American Shramanism : The earliest immigrants, in point of time, to America were the Quatzalcoatl people who reached there Circa 2000 B.C. Quatzalcoatls mean "feathered serpants" or "bird-serpants". They came from the East and departed eastward. Quatzalcoatl was the leader of these first immigrants, the earliest inhabitants of the land. What was the ethnic stock that they belonged to ? Votan was, like Quatzalcoatl, the first historian of his people, and wrote a book on the origin of the race, in which be declares himself * **** ** * * * *** * **** IIIIII !!!AIIII1.IIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII!!! iiiiiiiiii!!!IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII!!!!!!!!!!OIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII ii i !BIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII.. Jain Education international
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________________ 24 : muni zrI hajArImala : smRti grantha a snake, a descendant of Imos, of the line of Chan, of the race of Chivim. 'Chan' signifies snake. Chivim refers to Tripoli, and that is same as Hivim or Givim, the Pheonician word for snake, which again refers to Hivites, the descendants of Heth, son of Canean. Votan expression means "I am a Hiviti from Tripoli", Votan peoples were the Sea-faring people and expert international traders.41 Mackenzie rejects the theory that Semities or Celts or Norsemen or any other people first discovered America. Scholars, Mackenzie including, hold the view that the Pheoninicans were the first immigrants to America. The question remained debatable for pretty long time whether Pheonicians reached America via Atlantic Ocean or via Pacific Ocean. The latest view is that the Pheonician navigators reached America through Poloynesia via Pacific Ocean. Phoenicians were the original Panis 42 of Bharata who belonged to the Ahi or Naga race of Bharata. The inseparable association of the Quatzalcoatl people with snakes clearly identifies them with the Panis of the Ahi race of pre-Aryan Bharata. The Quatzalcoatl people believed in peace, penance, chaste life and ordered progress. They introduced agriculture, industry, and art of Government. They were opposed to war and human sacrifice. Their leader Quatzalcoatl lived a chaste life, practised penance. He abstained from intoxicating drinks and was a celibate. He hated war and violence and instead of offering up in sacrifice animals or human beings, he offered bread, roses, other flowers, perfumes and incense. The culture-hero Quatzalcoatl is represented in art sitting in a meditative mood in Padmasana posture with eyes closed having two hooded horns.41 The horn emblem was taken to America by the Panis who took the same to Sumer, Egypt and Crete. They were the group of people who first arrived on the continent, later to be known as America, driven by that mighty current that set out from India towards the East.45 The figure of the representative Pani depicts a robust trader, standing erect, with folded hands having Rajasthani features and whose head is adorned with a Marwari Pugaree (Head-dress). May be, Panis of Rajasthan, having their seat of power at Arbuda (Modern Mount Abu) sailed off to America from some Indus port. 12. Epilogue: We thus, find that the basic spiritual way of the people inhabiting the region extending from East to West in the Southern hemisphere was founded upon the basic doctrines of nonviolence, truth, non-stealing, continance and non possessiveness. This basic way increased the ever-progressive free spirit of the person. The man is inherently free and fullest freedom is his final goal. The free man completely depended upon his free personal efforts, unaffected by any external agency, to attain his goal. His liberation or salvation did lie with him alone and nowhere else. The central driving force of the ancient Bharatiyans, Sumerians, Egyptians and the rest was Right Personal Effort. Their society may be called Effortive Society; their culture, Effortive Culture and their civilization, Effortive Civilization. Theirs' was the Effortive Way. We may, therefore, rightly call the pre-Aryan society of the region, the Shramanic (Effortive) Society and its way, the Shramanic (Effortive) Way. Their way of life, in essence, was founded upon the ideology of Shramanic spiritualism. The Shramanic Way of the pre-Aryan ancients of this vast region of the Southern Hemisphere also reflected itself in the economic, social, political and administrative institutions of the Bing *** *** *** *** 111 www.jainendrary.org
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 25 people but that is a different subject of vast magnitude. It has been properly dealt with in my unpublished book "The Most Ancient Aryan Society". REFERENCES 1. J.H. Breasted : Development of Religion and Thought in Ancient Egypt; 1959; Pages 52, 55, 56, 418. 2. (a) G. Rawlinson: History of Ancient Egypt; 1881 ; Vol. I, Page 136, Vol. II, Pages 38, 31, 28. (b) M.A. Murray: The Splendour that was Egypt; 1959; Pages 330, 161. 3. G. Rawlinson: Op. Cit; Vol. II, Page 39, 40, Vol. I, Pages 314, 314 Note No. 3, 319. 4. M.A. Murry: Op. Cit; Page 165. 5. Rigveda : 1.6.2.14; 1.21.12.4; 1.23.10.1; 2.3.5.10; 5.2.1.1; 5.2.13.1; 5.4.7.11; 5.6.11.6; 7.2.13.3; 7.4.1.24; 8.5.12.1; 9.4.6.1. J. Prayluski and Others : The Pre-Aryan and Pre-Dravidian in India; 1925; Page 132, Note I. 7. M.A. Murray: Op. Cit; Pages 165-167. 8. James B. Pritchard: Ancient Near Eastern Texts; Relating to the Old Testament; 1955; Pages 34, 36. The re-organisation of the Tenets is mire. 9. G. Rawlinson: Op. Cit. Page 439. 10. Morris Jastrow : Aspect of Religious Beliefs and Practice in Babylonia and Assyria; 1911; Pages 149, 351, 353, 355. 11. H.F. Talbot: Babylonian and Assryrian Literature; Pages 117, 198. 12. S. Moscati : The Face of the Ancient Orient; 1960; Pages 31, 45. 13. L. Woolley: Excavations at Ur; 1955; Pages 55, 58 and Chapter III, "The Royal Cemetery". 14. N.K. Sanders : The Epic of Gilgamesh; 1960; Pages 15, 104, 109. 15. James B. Pritchard : Op. Cit; Pages 38, 40; Enki and Ninhursag; A Paradise Myth. 16. Dr. Kramer: Hindustan Times Dated 15-1-1962; Page 3. 17. M. Jastrow: Op. Cit; Page 377. 18. M. Jastrow: Op. Cit; Pages 307-309, 389-390. 19. H. Jacobi : Jaina Sutras; (S.B.E. Series) Vol. XXII; Pages 22-24. 20. H. Jacobi : Jaina Sutras; (S.B.E. Series) Vol. VI; Page 21. Dharmanand Kaushambi : Parsvanatha Ka Chaturayama Dharma (Hindi); 1957; Pages 30-31. Chhandogya Upanishad : 3.17.4; 8.15.1. G.C. Pande : Studies in the Origins of Buddhism; 1957; Pages 257-261. 24. Rigveda: 7.6.12.6. 25. Acharanga Sutra: 1.1.1.5. 26. Uttaradhyayana Sutra : 28.6.12. 27. Adharanga Sutra: 1.1.1.6. 28. Sutrakstanga Sutra : 1.2.2.2; 1.2.3.18. 29. Acharanga Sutra : 1.4.4. 3-4. 30. Acharanga Sutra : 1.5.6.4; Book II Lecture 16. 31. Acharanga Sutra: 1.3.3.1. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Jain D TEIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII I IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMOBIPotary.org !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! liiiiiiiiii 1111111111111. ......
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________________ 26 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha 32. Uttaradhyayana Sutra: 28.2.28.30. 33. Acharanga Sutra: 1.1.2.6; 1.1.3.7; 1.1.1.7; 1.1.5.7; 1.1.6.6; 1.1.7.5; 1.3.2.4; 2.15.1.1-5. 34. Acharanga Sutra: 1.3.2.1; 1.3.3.3; 2.15.2.1-5. 35. Acharanga Sutra : 1.1.3.7; 2.15.3. 1-5. 36. Acharanga Sutra : 1.5.4.4; 2.15. 41-5. 37. Acharanga Sutra : 1.2.5.3; 2.15.5. 1-5. 38. R.C. Jain : Ancient Egypt and Anuvrata (Hindi); Acharya Shri Tulsi Abhinandana Grantha; 1962; Pages 103-112. The Egyptian and Bharatiyan Spiritual Tenets have been comparatively studied in this paper. 39. R.C. Harshe : The Historic Importance of the Bronze Statue of Reshef Discovered in Cypress; Bulletin of Deccan College Research Institute; Vol. XIV, Pages 230-236. The Figure of Reshef has also been given in the beginning. Bertrand Russell : History of Western Philosophy; 1954; Pages 32-35. 41. D.A. Machenzie : Myths of Pre-Columbian America; Pages 265-266. 42. (a) A.C. Dass : Rigvedic India; 1927; Page 192 ff. (b) A.C. Dass : Rigvedic Culture; 1925; Page 88. 43. Rigveda : 1.7.2.11; 5.3.2.6-7; 7.1.6.3. 44. D.A. Mackenzie : Op. Cit; Pages 257-258; Figure 3 on Plate Facing; Page 256. 45. History of Mexico (Mexican Government Publication); Page 3; Quoted on Page 16 of Chamanlal's 'Hindu America', 1956. 46. D.A. Machenzie : Op. Cit; Figure Faces; Page 28. 40. 2
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________________ Dr. Bool Chand AHIMSA, THE BASIC SOCIAL ETHIC All thoughtful people in the world today are thinking more and more in terms of Ahimsa (Nonviolence) as the only real solvent of world conflicts. Occasionally they do so without actually employing the term 'Ahimsa'. The great English philosopher Bertrand Russell has, for instance, in his book entitled 'New Hopes for a Changing World' spoken about the perplexities which torment mankind at present and tried to build up courage by pointing out that the rebuilding of 'all the impulses that are creative and expansive would save men from moral perplexity and from remorse and the condemantion of others. This is the new ethic which Russell offers to the world as a remedy of its difficulties; and it is nothing other than Ahimsa as preached by the leaders of religion in the East from quite immemorial times. This new ethic, says Bertrand Russell in his book, 'depends upon harmony with other men'. With its help 'it will be easy to live in a way that brings happiness equally to ourselves and to others'. If man, says Russell could feel in the way indicated by this new ethic, not only his personal problems but also all the problems of world politics, even the most abstruse and difficult, will melt away. Suddenly, as when the mist dissolves from a mountain top, will the landscape be visible and the way be clear. Bertrand Russell has acquired great reputation as a clear-headed philosopher. His reasoning is at once penetrating and satisfying. It is therefore a matter for some surprise that he should have failed to clearly mention that the new ethic described by him is only Ahimsa, which had been preached in India by the great savants Mahavira and the Buddha. These religious teachers had made Ahimsa the basic idea of their thouhgt structure. That the acceptance of this ethic by the people will help man to solve his many conflicts, Bertrand Russell is quite clear and even rather dogmatic about. In his book he has made anelaborate argument that it is in the nature of man to be in conflict with something and that there are three kinds of conflict in particular which pursue mankind, (1) the conflict of man and nature, (2) the conflict of man and man. and (3) the conflict of man and himself, and in a statement which is full of learning and historical details he has reasoned out his optimistic conclusion that in our society which would be recreated consequent upon the acceptance of this new ethic not only shall we secure the happy man' but we shall also be in sight of the happy world'. The happy man, according to Russell, would be a man without fear, and the happy world would be the world in which the three conflicts spoken of above have been effectually conquered, the conflict of man and nature by the establishment of an international authority controlling the production and distribution of food and raw materials and also tackling the population problem by the enforcement of a universal system of family planning, the conflict of man and man by ** * ** * * ** *** * IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII BPIDEI IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII LIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII Iiiiiiiiiiiiia ry.org III i IIIIIIIIIII
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________________ 28 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha the concentration of all really serious weapons of war in the hands of the international authority so created, and the conflict of man with himself by organising a world-wide system of public education which would provide for the protection of the individual against at once the hostility of the herd and his own fears. Not only does Beftrand Russell give no name to this new ethic, he even feels that it can scarcely be called an ethic at all, as it primarily depends upon harmony between man and man. To this basic social ethic, of which the characteristic feature is harmony between man and man, the name that was given by the teachers of religion in the East was Ahimsa. It is important to know that when some representatives of the major religions of the world met in Delhi in 1957 in a World conference of Religions and when they felt that it was high time for religions to give up their mutual bickerings and to strive to create an atmosphere of mutual respect and harmony in the world, they could not think of a better way of doing it other than by establishing an institute of research in the potentiality of Ahimsa. Their reasoned faith was that as knowledge is power, the mere bringing out the power of Ahimsa by an objective study of humanities and the great spiritual movements of the world through succeeding ages would act as an impelling force to foster love and brotherhood among men, races and the nations. Ahimsa is in reality the basic social ethic. It takes its birth in sociality in human nature, and it builds its whole edifice on that principle. It emphasises all those qualities which would inexorably lead to the fortification of the social life of mankind by the ending of all conflicts based upon differences of race, religion or creeds. These conflicts, so say the psychologists, are born of human narrowness, selfishness, greed, suspicion, hatred and self-assertiveness. Ahimsa therefore aims at the eradication of all these proclivities of men. It forswears prejudice, ignorance and short-sightedness. Only by the preaching and practice of Ahimsa has the sway of civilisation shown itself in the history of human social evolution. Of all the forces which have functioned in human history as solvents of conflict, Ahimsa has naturally been by far the strongest and the most powerful. Ahimsa alone has stood for integration and emotional understanding as distinguished from the superimposition of one specific belief or habit of life upon another. Conflicts of one kind or another have tormented the world only when the force of Ahimsa as a dominant factor in total human affairs has been allowed to grow weak. Bertrand Russell in his book has pointed his accusing finger to the fact that man's gregariousness is a limited instinct and that beyond a certain degree it is a product rather of self-interest than of instinct. His argument runs as follows: Ants and bees instinctively serve the purposes of their group, they have no need for morals and decalogues and apparently never feel any impulse to sin. Gregarious mammals are not so completely dominated by the herd instinct as ants and bees are, but have less tendency to individualism than human beings have. In human beings there is a constant conflict between the individual and the herd instinct, a conflict which as a rule is subjective and waged in the mind of the individual but occasionally it breaks out into open disagreement. Russell further says that the forms taken by this disagreement depend upon the size and character of the herd. That naturally leads Bertrand Russell to the tracing of the evolution of social grouping from the family to the tribe and thence to the national group. There, however, he stops, we think Jain Educ 11IIIIIIIII a tiiiii 131.III IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII III .E .O .Iiii iiiii131111II1.LA!! IIIIIIIIIIIIII!!!iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii.org
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 26 quite improperly and unjustifiably. Even his view of the psychological make up of man is not quite adequate, as he has related it to the prevailing social system today. Human evolution has no doubt followed the line of social grouping from the family to the tribe and thence to the national group, but it does not end with the national group. Trends are already noticeable, especially in America and Africa, towards the extension of the social ethos to a continental level. The United Nations represents an international ethos which, even if it is not very strong today, is clearly indicative of the further line of development in the evolution of social grouping. In consequence of man's space flights and inter-planentary travels, the horizons of the social units existing in the world at present would be further widened. Quite apart from any inadequacies in Bertrand Russell's argument as developed in this book, however, it is clearly evident that a world view of Ahimsa is fast developing. Thinking people on all the continents are devoting their attention to this basic social ethos, and masses of people are anxiously waiting for its propagation. In India, consequent upon the decision of the World Conference of Religions held in 1957, a research institute on Ahimsa, designated Ahimsa Shodh-Peeth, has been set up in Delhi; and the world is looking forward to a proper and successful flowering of its work. It is a happy augury that this Institute has taken steps to seek the co-operation of thinkers and workers of all countries by enlisting them as Corresponding Members of the Ahimsa Shodh-Peeth. Research on this basic social ethic may therefore be expected to be conducted with international co-operation from the very beginning. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ K. B. Jindal M.A., LL.B., L.R.S. Calcutta. THE DOCTRINES OF JAINISM The doctrines of Jainism can broadly be divided into three categories : Metaphysics, Philosophy and Ethics, which are being concisely dealt with in this chapter. METAPHYSICS The Nine Cardinal Principles (Navatattwas) : The principal aim of Jainism is the attainment of the freedom of the soul by its perfect evolution. But it is not possible to achieve the evolution of the soul unless one knows what the soul is, what its intrinsic attributes are, how it has been compelled to bear the agonies of existence in its wheeling from birth to birth, and by what means it can be freed from this wheeling. And in order to know all this, one has also to acquire knowledge of the constituent elements of this world, their mutual relations, the why and the how of the soul's bondage, and the means of its release. All this knowledge is classified as nine Tattwas or cardinal principles in Jainism. They are: (1) Jiva or conscious Soul, (2) Ajiva or inconscient Matter, (3) Asrava or the influx of Karma, (4) Bandha or bondage, (5) Punya or virtue, (6) Papa or sin, (7) Samvara or arrest of the influx of Karma, (8) Nirjara or exhaustion of Karma, and (9) Moksha or liberation. The two principles of Jiva and Ajiva comprise all the objects of the world. The other seven principles explain how the Jiva or conscious soul is bound by Ajiva or inconscient Matter, what is the nature of the bonds, and by what means they can be got rid of. The Conscious Soul (Jiva): The first principle is Jiva. The essential attribute of the Jiva is consciousness; in other words, that which possesses consciousness is Jiva. Infinite Knowledge, vision, power, bliss etc. are also the attributes of Jiva. Each Jiva has an independent existence, and the number of the Jivas is infinite. The Jivas are of two kinds : Samsari or mundane and Mukta or liberated. Those that have attained to Nirvana by exhausting all Karmas are called Mukta (free) or Siddha (perfect). They are also called liberated souls. They are endowed with infinite knowledge, infinite vision, infinite power and infinite bliss; and they never come back to this mortal world. The supreme and ultimate goal of every terrestial being is to attain liberation. The Jiva is also termed Jivastikaya. The Mundane Souls (Samsari Jivas) Samsari Jivas are those that have been passing through birth and death and have not yet attained liberation. They are born as Devas (Gods), Manavas (men), Narakas (beings of hell) and Tiryakas (birds, beasts, insects, vegetation etc.); and when the sands of their lives run out, mem. Nataka (being of hain * * * * 090 ! ! IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii IIIIII 111IIIIIIIIIIII iiiiiiiiii Jain EL I IIIIIIIII 1111 IIIIIIIIII I III IIIIIIIIIIIIIIl .org
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 31 they die and are born again. So long as they do not attain salvation, they have to bear the agonies of birth, decay and death. The Samsari or mundane Jivas have been divided into five categories according to the number of the senses they possess, such as Edendriyas, Dwindriyas, Trindriyas, Chaturindriyas and Panchendriyas. Sthavara Jiva : Creatures that have only one sense, the sense of touch, and no other, are called Edendriyas. They are also called Sthavaras, because they are devoid of the power of locomotion. The Sthavara Jivas are again divided into five classes: Prithwikayas i.e. clay, stone, metal etc.; Apkayas i.e. water, dew, snow etc.; Agnikayas i.e. fire, burning coal etc.; Vayukayas i.e. air, storm, whirlwind etc.; and Vanaspatikayas i.e. trees, creepers, herbs etc. Earth, stones etc., all kinds of water, all kinds of fire, all kinds of air, and all kinds of trees etc. in their natural states, are Jivas embodied in earth, water, fire, air and vegetation. Trasa Jiva : The other four kinds of Jivas from Dwindriyas to Panchendriyas are called Trasa, because they are endowed with the power of locomotion. The Dwindriya Jivas, such as worms, leeches etc., have two senses : the sense of touch and the sense of taste. The Trindriya Jivas, such as ants, lice etc., have the sense of smell along with the above-mentioned two senses. Chaturindriya Jivas, such as bees, drones etc. have the sense of sight along with the above-mentioned three. Panchendriya Jivas, such as men, beasts, birds, Gods and the beings of hell, have the sense of hearing in addition to the other four. According to the Jaina scriptures there are seven hells. Those who commit gross sins enter into hell after their death and have to undergo unimaginable sufferings. There are many kinds of Gods living in different heavens or Swargas. Some of them possess more strength, happiness, influence and lustre than the others; particularly the Gods of the Anuttar Vimana excel all others in these attributes. The Gods live so long that they are usually considered as immortal, though in point of fact, no Gods are really immortal. The Jivas comprising the first four categories have no mind, so they are called Amanaska. Gods, beings of hell, men, beasts, birds etc. possess the mind, and are, therefore, called Samanaska Jivas, though their mental development is not of the same order. Matter (Ajiva): The second cardinal principle is Ajiva or Matter. The Ajiva possesses characteristics which are contrary to those of the Jivas, that is to say, it is devoid of consciousness Ajiva is of five kinds : (1) Dharmastikaya, (2) Adharmastikaya, (3) Akashastikaya, (4) Pudgalastikaya, and (5) Kala or Time. All these five substances are eternal. Dharmastikaya is a substance which contributes to the movements of the Jivas and Pudgalas (Matter). But for it, neither the Jivas nor the material objects could have been mobile. That is why it is known as the indispensable aid to motion or mobility. It is formless, inconscient and pervasive of the entire Loka or Universe. Adharmastikaya is a substance which helps the Jivas and Matter to stop their motion, if they are so inclined. That is why it is known as an aid to stability or stoppage of motion. It is also formless, inconscient and pervasive of the whole Loka. Akashastikaya furnishes subsisting * * * * * ** ***** * ** ** *** * !!!!! !! !!!!!!! W Jain UUSILLIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII.... !! ! !!!! ! ! JacTTTTIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII !!!!!!!!! iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii n brary.org
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________________ 32 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha space to Jivas, Pudgalas (Matter) and all things. It pervades all Loka and Aloka, and is formless and inconscient. All objects, big and small, made of atoms, are called Pudgalastikaya. The smallest, indivisible particle of Matter is called an atom. The whole material world is made up of atoms and objects composed of atoms. The material objects are infinite in number. Form, taste, smell, touch, sound, are the characteristics of the material substance. Though the atoms are not apprehended by our senses, yet they too have form, taste, smell and touch. The word Astikaya used in connection with Jivastikaya, Dharmastikaya, Adharmastikaya, Akashastikaya and Pudgalastikaya, has a special significance. The word Asti means that which always exists; and Kaya means a substance having many Pradeshas i.e. spatial points. A Pradesha is the minutest, indivisible section of a thing. A combination or aggregate of such indivisible sections forms Kaya. Astikaya means a substance which always exists and have many indivisible pradeshas or sections. Because the Jivas, Dharma, Adharma, Akasha and Pudgalas are made of the combinations of the smallest indivisible pradeshas, and are permanent substances, so each of them is called an Astikaya. Kala or Time is an imaginary thing--it has no real existence. It is deduced from the movements of the sun, moon, stars etc. The smallest indivisible fraction of the present time is called Samaya. In Jaina metaphysics the word Samaya has this special connotation. The past is dead and gone, the future does not yet exist, that is why it is the present time alone that is called Samaya. Kala is limited to only one Samaya, that is to say, it has only one pradesha (fraction) and not a combination or Pradeshas, and is not, therefore, included in the Astikayas. The imaginary combinations of such infinitesimal Samayas are variously classified as Avalika, moment, day, night, fortnight, month, year ets. According to another view, it is held that Kala or Time too has a real existence, it is not something imaginary. It has the size of an atom, and is called Kalanu. Because each Kalanu exists separately in a distinct pradesha or fraction of space (Akasha), it is not called Astikaya. It is instrumental in the metamorphoses of Jiva and Pudgala (Matter). It too is formless and inconscient. So far I have described the Jiva and the Ajiva, the two essential principles which constitute the whole universe. What follows will give an idea of how the Jiva gets enmeshed in Karma and wanders in the worlds, and how it can be liberated. It will thus be an exposition of the remaining seven principles. Asrava (The Influx of Karma) : The third principle is Asrava. The causes which lead to the influx of good and evil Karma for the bondage of the soul are called Asrava. To put it briefly, Asrava is an attraction in the Jiva towards sense-objects. Mithyattwa (perverted belief or ignorance), Avirati (want of selfrestraint), Pramada inadvertance), Kashayas (passions like anger, vanity, deceitfulness and avarice), and Yoga (activities of mind, speech and body)--these are the five causes of the influx of good and evil Karmas, and so they are known as Asrava. Himsa or violence, Asatya or untruth, Chaurya or stealing, Maithuna or sex indulgence and Parigraha or attachment to sense-objects etc. also cause the bondage of the soul by Karma and, therefore, they too are Asrava. rmas, and speech and body like ange * % * * * * * * * * * * Jain EducationalIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIOPWPBB U DIRI IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII W IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii .org
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 33 Vandha (Bondage) : The fourth principle is Vandha. It is the envelopment of the soul by the Skandhas or aggregates composed of innumerable particles of certain categories of Karma. There is a particular type of particles which, being attracted by the ignorance of the Jiva, the action of its mind, speech and body, and its reactions of attraction and repulsion, attach themselves to the soul and shroud it. These particles are called particles of Karma Vargana. In its essential nature the soul being pure, transparent, conscious and incorporeal, logically it cannot be bound by corporeal and unconscious particles; but from times immemorial it has undergone this bondage by forms karmic matter. It is a bondage mysterious and timeless. This karmic envelope is called in Jaina parlance Karmana-sharira. In some Indian philosophies it is called Lingasharira. The Jiva is encased in the Karmana-sharira from times immemorial, and, in consequence, subject to the impulses and reactions, caused by Karma. Attracted by these impulses and reactions, new karmic atoms of Matter are constantly following in and attaching themselves to the karmic envelope of the Jiva, and it is as a result of this instreaming and accumulating Karma that the Jiva has to whirl on the wheel of Samsara and pass through the alternating experiences of pleasure and pain. Karmic Matter attaching itself to the soul assumes four forms: (1) Prakriti-vandha (2) Sthitivandha, (3) Anubhava-vandha, and (4) Pradesha-vandha. When karmic Matter attaches itself to the soul, its development is determined by the then action of the Jiva's mind, speech and body, that is to say, by the goodness or badness, intensity or dullness of that action; and it assumes a nature having the capacity to cover up certain specific attributes of the soul. This form of bondage is called Prakriti-vandha. It develops infinite variants in itself according to the differing energies of the mind, speech and body of the Jiva. But roughly they can be subsumed under eight heads: (1) Jnanavarniya, (2) Darshanavarniya, (3) Vedaniya, (4) Mohaniya, 5) Ayu, (6) Nama, (7) Gotra, and (8) Antaraya. Jnanavarniya Karma covers up the soul's power of knowledge. Darshanavarniya clouds its power of perception. Vedaniya Karma overcasts its intrinsic, infinite and unhorizoned bliss and makes the Jiva feel the evanescent pleasures and pains of the world. That which generates delusion in the Jiva in regard to its own true nature and makes it identify itself with or be attached to a not-self, is called Mohaniya Karma. The Karma which engulfs the soul's eternal poise in its unconditioned self-being and compels the Jiva to assume a body for a fixed period of time in each successive birth, is called Ayu Karma. That which eclipses the soul's formlessness and constrains it to put on forms, and under whose influence the Jiva comes to have perfect or deformed limbs, fame or obloquy, and various other representations of itself, is called Nama Karma. That which covers up the soul's superiority to the worldly distinctions of high and low, and forces it to be born in superior or inferior strata of human society, is called Gotra Karma. And that which envelops the soul's inherent force and obstructs the Jiva's free enjoyment of the riches of the world or its generosity in charity, is called Antaraya Karma. There are many subdivisions of these eight principal categories of Prakriti Vandha, but it would be beyond our present scope to dwell upon them. The Karmic matter which adheres to the soul for a long or short space of time according to * * * * * * **** * * * * * * 8 . IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII! IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII! IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII. SEISIDIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII iiiiiiiiiiiiiIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII!! !!! !! !!! !!!!!!III Jain Education international Hiiii i n telibrary.org
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________________ 34 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha the intensity or dullness of the Jiva's passions like Riga (attraction) or Dwesha (repulsion) etc., is called Sthiti-vandha. What fruits, good or bad, acute or dull, the karmic matter will produce is determined at the time of the Vandha by the varying degrees of the reactions of the passions (Riga, Dwesha etc.) of the Jiva. The vandha that is pregnant with the power of producing such fruits is called Anubhava-vandha or Rasa-vandha. The number of the karmic particles that are drawn towards the Jiva for attaching themselves to it is determined by the nature of the Jiva's mind, speech and body, that is to say, if the action is on a large scale or intense, the number of the karmic particles is large, if it is on a small scale or lacking in intensity, the number is small. This particular kind of vandha of a varying magnitude is called Pradesha-vandha. Punya (Virtue): The fifth principle is Punya or virtue. The Karmic-vandha which is brought about by the good or righteous action of the Jiva's mind, speech and body, and is pregnant with the potentiality of bearing happy fruits, is called Punya. Auspicious Karma attaches itself to the Jiva as a result of the letter's works of charity, such as the gift of food, drinking water, accommodation, bedding, clothes etc. to the monks, its pious resolutions, and homage to the Tirthankaras, the religious gurus etc. As fruits of one's righteous Karma, one comes to possess physical and mental happiness, health and beauty of the body, property, fame etc. Papa (Sin) : The sixth principle is sin, which is the very contrary of Punya or virtue. Sin is the bondage of Karma which is brought about by the evil actions and reactions of the mind, speech and body of the Jiva, and contains in itself the power to produce evil or unhappy results. Violence, telling of lies, stealing, sexual incontinence, attachment to the objects of enjoyment, anger, self-conceit, deceitfulness, avarice etc. are the evil propensities which entail the Jiva's bondage to the Karma of sin; and the painful consequence of this karmic bondage is suffering from various physical ailments, deformed or ugly body, birth in the animal life, as beast, bird, insect etc., birth in hell, or poverty and privation. The soul, shrouded in sinful Karma, cannot progress in self-evolution, but gets more and more entangled in karmic matter and drifts like a waif in the endless flux of Time. These two principles of virtue and sin are, in a sense, two different aspects of the Vandha principle; so, some exponents of Jaina philosophy include them in the Vandha principle, thus reckoning the principles as seven, and not nine. Samvara (Arrest of the Influx of Karma) The seventh principle is Samvara. The methods by which the Asrava or influx of Karma is arrested are called Samvara. It is a principle contrary to Asrava. It is achieved by an undeviating practice of the discipline of mind, speech and body, religious meditation, suppression of desire, forgivenness, tenderness, purity of thought, truthfulness, austerities, renunciation, detachment, chastity, abstention from evil action and avarice; and by thinking that the world is impermanent and the body full of filth, and that one has to suffer alone the sweet-bitter fruits of one's own Karma. *** *** *** *** *** Jain EducaO.B.IIIIIIIIIIIIII Tiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiIIIIIIIIIIIIIII II IPARD III IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII I iiiiiiIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIItalog iiiiiiiiiiiiiiIIIIII iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 35 Nirjara (Elimination of Karma) : The eighth principle is Nirjara. It means the sloughing off or elimination of the coating of Karma from the soul. It has been said above that the Karma which has once attached itself to the soul becomes active when it is time for it to bear fruit, and is subsequently exhausted; but if one fails to throw it out just before it starts bearing fruit, it becomes difficult to attain liberation, for, new Karma flows in by the actions and re-actions of the old Karma while it begins bearing fruit. Therefore, it is necessary for those who aspire for liberation to exhaust all Karma by the prescribed means of meditation, contemplation etc. This process of exhaustion or elimination of Karma is called Nirjara. Nirjara is effected by regorous austerities, which are of two kinds : external and internal. Fasting, abstemiousness, suppression of desire, renunciation of the Rasa or pleasure of the palate, physical mortification and sitting, tucked up, in a solitary place-these are the six kinds of external austerities. Penance, humility, nursing the sick and ailing monks, study of the scriptures, giving up of all attachment to the body, and contemplation-these are the six kinds of internal austerities. Moksha or Liberation : The ninth or final principle is Moksha or liberation. The soul's recovery of its own eternal self by the complete exhaustion or elimination of all Karma is Moksha or Mukti. When the soul breaks out of the karmic envelope, it realises its innate attributes of infinite knowledge, infinite perception, infinite power, infinite bliss, and infinite light, and ascending to the crest of the "Loka", remains there immersed in the termless beatitude of its unconditioned existence-it never returns again into the wheel of material existence made up of birth, decay and death. Ascent is the natural movement of the soul. Stripped of the covering of Karma, the pure soul wings straight upwards and settles upon the highest region of the Loka, that is to say upon the farthest frontiers of Dharmastikaya and Adharmastikaya. This state of the soul is the liberated or perfected state--this is Nirvana. As a lamp lit in a house irradiates the whole house with its light, and if other lamps are lit, their lights too mingle with each other and remain there, so the liberated souls, which are each an effulgence, mingle with each other and remain on the crest of the Loka for ever. For them there is no return to the agony of mortal existence. What is Karma; how it adheres to the soul; how, developing and fructifying, it determines the movements--the coming and staying and passing-of the Jiva, and its happiness and suffering etc.; and how the soul becomes free by Nirjara or the shuffling off of all Karma--these things have been minutely analysed and exhaustively described in the sacred books of Jainism. What is given here is just a brief outline, and nothing more. Triratna or the Three Gems : I have dwelt in brief upon the nine essential principles including the last principle of liberation. Now I propose to give an idea as to how liberation is attained. A simultaneous practice of Samyak Darshana or right faith, Samyak Jnana or right knowledge, and Samyak Charitra or right character and conduct leads to liberation. These are three gems of Jainism Samyak Darshana or Right Faith : Samyak Darshana is also called Samyaktwa. It is a faith in the nine essential principles * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3.49 29 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII iiiIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII!!!! IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII Jain EB .XIIiiiiiiiiiiiii IIIIIIII!! !!!!!!!! HIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII!.rar.
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________________ 36 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha (Nava-Tattwa) and an attitude of unbiased approach to the real nature of things. It can also be called Veveka-drishti or discriminating perception. Deluded by ignorance, the Jiva ordinarily takes falsehood for truth and truth for falsehood. The faith-directed attitude of consciousness that can perceive truth as truth and falsehood as falsehood is Samyak Darshana or Samyaktwa. "The spiritual life of the Jiva begins only when Samyaktwa emerges out of the darkness of its ignorance. The Jiva, then, develops an aspiration to know the Truth in its essential principles, to renounce what is unwholesome and impure, and to accept all that is high and noble and conducive to its spiritual progress. This is the state of Samyak Darshana. Samyak Jnana or Right Knowledge : There is some form of knowledge in every Jiva, but so long as Samyak Darshana has not evolved in it, that knowledge can only be a wrong or false knowledge, which is only a form of ignorance. It is only after the emergence of the Samyak Darshana that knowledge can become true knowledge; for, in the absence of Samyak Darshana, the Jiva lacks the power of knowing the real nature of things, and hence what knowledge it has already acquired cannot be called true knowledge. It is only after Samyak Darshana has evolved that the knowledge of the Jiva can be called Samyak Jnana or right knowledge. Knowledge is of five kinds : Mati-jnana, Shruta-jnana, Avadhi-jnana, Manahparyaya-jnana and Kevala-inana. The knowledge which is acquired by means of the sense organs and the power of the mind is called Mati-jnana. That which is acquired by the study of words and their meanings is called Shruta-jnana. Like Mati-jnana, Shruta-jnana is also acquired by means of the senses and the mental powers; and the Shruta-jnana of a thing cannot be had unless there has already been Mati-jnana of it. But the scope and nature of Shruta-jnana is wider and more distinct than those of Mati-jnana, for Shruta-jnana comprehends a study of words and their meanings. The knowledge which is acquired by study of books and scriptures and by listening to men of wisdom, is also called Shruta-jnana. The knowledge by which one can know all embodied objects within certain limits of Space, and without the help of the mind and the senses, is called Avadhi-jnana. It is a kind of spiritual knowledge. When this knowledge develops, one can see, even with one's eyes closed, all things which are not formless, within certain boundaries of Space. The knowledge by which, even without the help of the mind and the senses, one can know the psychological movements of the creatures within certain fixed limits, is called Manah-paryaya-jnana. This too is a kind of spiritual knowledge. The knowledge by which, without any aid whatever of the mind and the senses, one can know all things contained in the Loka and the Aloka, all things past, present and future, possessing form and without form, and in all their attributes and categories, is called Kevala-jnana. This is spiritual knowledge par excellence. When the four kinds of Karma-Jnanavaraniya, Darshanavaraniya, Mohaniya and Antaraya--are completely exhausted, the intrinsic knowledge of the soul, the Kevala-jnana, reveals itself. This state of knowledge of the soul is called the Jivan-mukta state. Once this state is realised, the Jiva is sure to attain Mukti or Nirvana (liberation) when the remaining span of its life comes to an end. The Tirthankaras were, in this sense, Jivanmuktas, and endowed with Kevala-jnana-all-knowing and all-seeing. Samyak Charitra (Right Character and Conduct) : Self-discipline, renunciation, repression of the senses and unblemished conduct are called * * * * ** * * * 983 1111111 Jain Educativi ItiIIiiiii ter IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII Iiiiiiiiiiiiiii! IIIIIIIQVB .Org
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 37 Charitra. The self-discipline, renunciation etc., practised after the development of Samyak Charitra. The five major Vratas practised by the monks, the tenfold religious observance of the Yatis, the seventeen forms of self-discipline, the twelve Vratas enjoined upon the lay disciples-all these are included in Samyak Charitra. Charitra is of two kinds: one is based upon a total and absolute, and the other on a partial renunciation. As I have said before, a total and unreserved renunciation is precognised for the monks, and a partial renunciation for the householders. The seventeen constituents of Samyak Charitra are : renunciation of each of the five kinds of Asrava-violence, untruth, stealing, sexual indulgence and craving for the possession of things; detachment from each of the five sense-objects--sounds, touch, form, taste and smell; quelling of each of the four principal passions-anger, self-conceit, deceitfulness and avarice; and the threefold discipline of subduing the evil propensities of mind, speech and body. A perfect and synthetic practice of Samyak Darshana, Samyak Jnana and Samyak Charitra inevitably leads to liberation. These are the three priceless gems of Jainism. Samyak Darshana, Samyak Jnana and Samyak Charitra are inter-related, and depend upon each other for their perfection; that is to say, if the faith (Darshana) is not purified, there is no possibility of the development of pure knowledge; and if the faith and knowledge have not become pure, conduct cannot be pure and flawless. Any one or even any two of these three gems cannot lead to liberation. Even perfectly pure faith and knowledge, unaccompanied by pure conduct, fail to lead to liberation. It is, therefore, by a simultaneous perfection of right faith, right knowledge and right conduct that one can attain to liberation, and not otherwise. It is extremely difficult to realise anything like perfection in conduct and character on account of the perpetual seduction of the sense-objects; that is why, the religious books of the Jainas lay so much stress on the purity of conduct. Unless one practices to perfection the five major vows (Mahavratas) --non-violence, truthfulness, non-stealing, chastity and non-possession-one can never attain to a perfect purity of character and conduct. The Jaina ideal of monkhood is an unimpeachable perfection in living, that is to say, in character and conduct; and it is nonviolence that is the bed-rock of perfect conduct. Creation-Eternal and Infinite : Jainism regards the world as beginningless and eternal. It cannot conceive of a time when the world first sprang out of a Supreme Being, and when it will return to it. According to it, everything in the world is undergoing constant change, but nothing ever perishes and disappears out of existence. All objects in the world are created and destroyed as a result of the modifications of the two cardinal principles of Jiva and Ajiva (conscious soul and unconscious matter), but the essential substance remains as it si-it never vanishes out of existence. The Birth and Wanderings of the Jiva : All embodied beings are compounded of the conscious soul and unconscious matter, and so long as a total separation does not take place between the two, the beings have to wander in the worlds. The principal theme of Jainism is to propound the means by which this rupture can be effected, and the conscious soul can be liberated from the thraldom of Matter. Ahimsa (non-violence), Samyama (self-control) and Tapasya (austerities) are the means by which every human being can advance towards his spiritual freedom. * t * * * IIIIIIIIIIII 1 1 IIIIII iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiIIIII iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII iiiiiii i i 1111111111 For Private Personal use only 1 Jain Educatini IIIIIIIiiii IIIIIIIIII)
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________________ 38 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha The Supreme Fulfilment of Man : As, in Jainism, there is no conception of a Supreme Being, Creator of the universe, there is no room in it for any theory of Avatarahood or God-appointed prophethood. The great men who have attained spiritual freedom were nothing but men like us. They had developed their souls by a steady practice of self-discipline through many lives; and any man, if he has the will, can do like-wise. Human birth is the only condition of perfect spiritual development; even the gods are incapable of this perfection. PHILOSOPHY The Jaina Philosophy is commonly known as Syadvada. Syadvada or Anekantavada views things from many angles and reveals their true nature by embracing their different aspects and attributes. Syat in the word Syadvada means "may be", or it may be taken to mean "somehow" or "relatively to". The real sense of the compound word, Syadvada or Anekantavada can, therefore, be said to be objective realism--viewing things under their diverse aspects by a multiple or many-sided vision. Every real object or Dravya is subject to the triple operation of birth, persistence and dissolution. This triple operation goes on at all times in an uninterrupted simultaneity in every object. The part of a thing which is stable or persistent is its very substance, and the part which is mobile and changing is its modification. A thing in the form of a substance, is permanent, but as a modification of that substance, it is impermanent. Substance and its modifications are neither completely different nor completely indentical, which implies that every object possesses many attributes. Syadvada is nothing but admitting all these contrary aspects and attributes objects from different points of view, By the absolute or categoric predication of a particular attribute one cannot arrive at the truth of a thing, for all existent things are complex and composite in their qualities, Syadvada or Anekantavada is that method of dialectic which reveals all the aspects of a thing by admitting from diverse standpoints its conflicting or self-contradictory attributes. By means of Syadvada one can acquire the knowledge of the true nature of every object viewed in different perspectives. The same man may be variously known as a father, a son, an uncle, a nephew etc. In relation to his son, he is a father, but in relation to his own father, he is a son; in relation to his nephew he is an uncle, but in relation to his uncle, he is a nephew. He is immortal in relation to his soul, mortal relation to his body. An earthen pot is at once permanent and transitory. The object called pot is transitory, but the substance of which it is made is eternal, for the particles composing clay or earth will always endure in some form or other--they can never perish. A gold necklace is transitory, but the metallic substance called gold is permanent, for the necklace can be broken and moulded into another form, and yet its substance called gold will abide unaltered in its essence. Thus all objects of the world come into existance and perish, but in their essential substance they remain unchanged; they are, therefore, at once permanent and impermanent. The essential substance is stable and permanent, but its modifications are impermanent--they are subject to constant mutation. An absolute or exclusive predication of a particular quality ; or aspect of a thing cannot bring out the truth of its composite nature. A certain person is only a father and not a son-such an exclusive predication cannot be true, for besides fatherhood the person possesses other attri * ** ** * * ** ***** *** * ** * 111111111111111111111 iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii Jain Educat I IIIIiiiiii IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII iii.IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII! III PARAD IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII.EU Barv.
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________________ paMcama adhyAsa : 36 butes also, such as sonhood etc. If a blind man, touching only a leg of an elephant, tries to prove that the elephant has the form of a pillar, he cannot be right. Therefore, it can be safely asserted that the real nature of a thing can be revealed only by Anekantavada or manysided and comprehensive predication, and not by Ekantavada or an exclusive and unilateral predication. The septuple formulation of Syadvada is called Saptabhangi. Each form is headed by the word, "syat". If an attribute of an object has to be predicated, it must be done in such a way as not to nullify the possibility of affirming a contrary attribute. If the imperishability of a thing is to be predicated, it must be formulated in such a way that it does not do away with the possibility of predicating the contrary attribute or perishability or transcience. It is for this reason that the word "syat" (somehow or may be) has to be used in the predication of every object. For example, "may be the pot is imperishable"-this undogmatic predication leaves room for a contrary predication of the perishability of the pot. The septuple formulation is follows : (1) syat asti (may be it is) (2) syat nasti (may be it is not) (3) syat asti nasti (may be it is and is not (4) syat avaktavya (may be it is unpredictable) (5) syat asti avaktavya (may be it is and is unpredictable) (6) syat nasti avaktavya (may be it is not and is unpredictable) (7) syat asti nasti avaktavya (may be it is, is not, and is unpredictable) This is called Saptabhangi. ETHICS The Sadhus and their Mahavratas : It has been already mentioned that, while preaching Jainism, the Tirthankaras founded a fourfold community of monks (Sadhus), nuns (Sadhwis), lay brothers (Shravakas) and lay sisters (Shravikas). In this fourfold community the Sadhus or monks are the highest in rank. Those who renounce the world and lead the life of contemplative mendicancy are called Sadhus, and such females are Sadhwis. The Sadhus and Sadhwis or monks and nuns observe fully, in thought, word and deed, and all through their lives, the five major vows or Mahayratas : nonviolence (Ahimsa), truthfulness (Satya), non-stealing (Achaurya), chastity (Brahmacharya), and freedom from all craving for worldly possessions (Aparigraha). The Sadhus maintain an attitude of compassion and equality towards all creatures. Himsa or violence means killing a creature, torturing it, or forcing it to do something etc. To desist from doing violence is Ahimsa or non-violence The Sadhus themselves do not commit any violence by thought, word or deed, nor do make others commit it, nor do they approve of any violence committed by others, This is the first Mahavrata or great vow. This is called Ahimsa or Pranatipata Viramana-vrata. The Second major vow is a total abstention from falsehood. It is called truthfulness or Mrishavada Viramant-vrata. The Sadhus always speak the truth. They have to refrain from * * * o * * 20 .9982999 993 .-IIIIIIII iiIIIIIII iiiiiiiiii Jairt Education Intematonal IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII For Private Personal use only 11.11 III. 1 www. efbrary.org
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________________ 40 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha speaking the truth which is likely to lead to some kind of Himsa or violence, in such a case they had better hold their peace. If a man is subject to anger, greed, fear or the habit of poking fun or cracking jokes, there is every chance of his having to tell a lie; that is why it is enjoined upon the Sadhus to renounce anger, greed etc. They do not indulge in falsehood or hypocrisy either in thought, word or deed; nor do they make others indulge in it, nor approve of others' indulging in it. The third major vow is non-stealing. It is also called Adattadana Viramana Vrata. The Sadhus do not commit any form of stealing. They do not take anything not given them by its owner. They do not make others take such a thing, nor do they approve of others' taking it. While taking alms, they are particular about the quantity they accept, so that it may not be more than what is just required. Acceptance of more than the required amount renders them guilty of stealing. The fourth major vow is Brahmacharyya or chastity. It is called Maithuna Viramana Vrata. The Sadhus give up all forms of sexual enjoyment in thought, word and deed. They do not themselves indulge in sexual pleasures, do not make others indulge in them nor do they approve of others indulging in them. They strictly eschew all thought of the sexual pleasures they may have had as householders. They do not sit or lie down on a seat for bed used by a woman. They do not eat palatable food or any food that is likely to excite carnal desires. These are some of the severe rules the Sadhus or monks follow in their practice of the fourth great vow. The fifth major vow is non-possession or Aparigraha. It is called Parigraha Viramana Vrata. The Sadhus renounce all possessions, such as all kinds of wealth, grains, land and other immovable properties, house etc. They do not themselves possess these things, do not ask others to possess them, nor do they approve of others possessing them. They practise the fifth great vow by giving up all attachment in thought, word and deed to all objects of sound, sight, smell, taste and touch. The Jaina Sadhus practise also ten virtues or Yatis, which are called Yati-Dharma or the virtues of a self-controlled Sadhu : forgiveness, (Kshama), humility (Mardava), candour (Arjava), non-covetousness (Nirlobhata), poverty (Akinchanata), truthfulness (Satya), selfrestraint (Samyama), austerities (Tapasya), inner and outer purity (Shaucha), and chastity (Brahmacharya). They have to subdue the wild impulses of their minds, speech, and bodies. They have to be always alert and vigilant in the observance of three Guptis or rules of self-discipline. The first is Manogupti, which means inhibition or elimination of evil and impure thoughts, and the initiation of a train of good thoughts. The second, Vachanagupti, means a restraint over one's speech, or, if necessary, the observance of total silence. The third, Kayagupti, is a regulation of all the movements of one's body. Again, the Sadhus have to observe five Samities : Iryya Samity, Bhasha Samity, Eshana Samity, Adana Nikshepa Samity, and Utsarga Samity. They have to walk with care, so that they may not tread upon any creature--this is Iryya Samity. To be restrained in speech and speak only what is true and beneficial, is Bhasha Samity. To procure with care and caution only the food which is pure, harmless and necessary for the maintenance of the body, is Eshna Samity. To take and keep things with care is Adana 0 99 bo We IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII lain . ..IIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII Jain Hi iiiiiiIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII .org
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 41 Nikshepa Samity. And to be careful in the disposal of excrements, urine, cough, rags etc. so that they may not fall upon or injure any sentient being, is Utsarga Samity. They observe equality towards all, friends, foes etc. They do not take any food after nightfall, do not use any kind of conveyance, live by begging, do not accept money, and do not collect and hoard anything for themselves. These are some of the hard rules of self-control they strive to practise. To inhibit the train of evil thoughts and engage the mind in good thoughts the Sadhus have to practise twelve kinds of meditation : 1. Life, youth, wealth and property, everything is impermanent; therefore, one should not be attached to them-this thought-current is called Anityabhavana or meditation on the imper manence of all worldly things. 2. As none can save a deer from the jaws of a lion, so none can save a man from the clutches of disease and calamity. This kind of thought is called Asharana Bhavana or meditation on the forlorn helplessness of man. 3. In this world there is none who is really my kindred, friend or enemy. In the unnumbered succession of my lives, I may have had various relations with every creature. This is the strange, peculiar nature of the world. This kind of thought is called Samsara Bhavana or meditation on the transitoriness of human relations. Alone was I born and alone must I die. It is I alone and none else who have to suffer the consequences of my deeds. This kind of reflection is called Ekattwa Bhavana or medita tion on the solitariness of individual existence. 5. The body and the soul are distinct and separate from each other. The body is uncons cious and the soul conscious. This is Anitya Bhavana or meditation on the separateness of the soul from the body. 6. The body is made up of impure substances such as blood, flesh etc. and full of faeces, urine etc. One should never be attached to such a body. This is Ashuchi Bhavana or meditation on the intrinsic impurity of the body. 7. Attached to the senses, if I remain engrossed in the enjoyment of worldly objects, it will entail my bondage to Karma and produce harmful consequences. This is Ashrava Bhavana or meditation on the influx of Karma into the soul. 8. To resort to good thoughts in order to rid oneself of evil propensities is Samvara Bhavana or meditation on the cessation of the influx of Karma. 9. To reflect upon the various evil consequences of Karma and think of exhausting all accumulated Karma by contemplation and austerities is called Nirjara Bhavana or medita tion on the elimination of all Karma. 10. To reflect upon the real nature of the universe and its fleeting appearances is called Loka Bhavana or meditation on the impermanence of the world. 11. In this phenomenal world attainment of right faith and an immaculate character is a rare achievement. This kind of thought is called Bodhidurlabha Bhavana or meditation on the difficult nature of the knowledge and perfection to be attained. *** *** ** * *** *** IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIary.org lain FiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiIIIIIIIIIII I I iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii.... IIIIIIIIIIiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii......
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________________ 42 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha 12. Religion is the only refuge in this world of the triple agony of birth, decrepitude and death. This is Dharma Bhavana or meditation on the sustaining and saving power of religion. By these meditations the monks have to turn their minds from evil thoughts. The nuns or Sadhwis also observe the same strict vows and rules of conduct as the monks. It is these monks and nuns who practise self-control and have given up all desires and earthly possessions that deserve to be ranked as Gurus or spiritual teachers. Lay Brothers (Shravakas) and Lay Sisters (Shravikas) Male householders following Jainism are called Shravakas and female householders Shravikas. They do not adopt the life of a recluse by renouncing the world, but live in it, earning their livelihood by honest means and performing the householders' religious duties. They are expected to possess seriousness, a limpid serenity of nature, modesty, straightforwardness, kindness, impartiality, an admiring openness to the good qualities of others, humility, gratitude, benevolence etc. There are the twelve Vratas or vows prescribed for them : 1. Sthula Pranatipata Viramana Vrata, which means not to kill, injure or give trouble delibe rately to any innocent Trasa creature. 2. Sthula Mrishavada Viramana Vrata means not to speak such lies as may cause harm to others. This vow also demands that one must abstain from the gross forms of lying like denying a pledge or a trust, bearing false witness in a law court, representing somebody's property as one's own or as belonging to a third person, hiding other's defects and draw backs, sing false praises of a bride or a bridegroom etc. 3. Sthula Adattadana Viramana Vrata is abstention from stealing. The theft of somebody's things or the evasion of due taxes, or such stealing as entails censure at the hands of one's society or punishment by the ruling power, must be eschewed. 4. Sthula Maithuna Viramana Vrata interdicts all kinds of sexual intercourse except with one's duly married wife; and it imposes strict bounds within which enjoyment even with one's wife has to be kept. 5. Parigrahaparimana Vrata is to impose certain limits upon the possession of wealth, grains, animals and other forms of property, and restrict one's enjoyment of them within those limits. It forbids all infringement of the limits. 6. Dik-parimana Vrata is to keep within certain fixed limits one's journeys in different directions for trade and other purposes. 7. Bhogopabhoga Parimana Vrata is to restrict within certain bounds the enjoyment of the necessary material objects of daily use, such as food, clothes, house etc. The objects that can be enjoyed once only are called Bhogya, such as food; and those that are of constant or frequent use are called Upabhogya, such as clothes, house, furniture etc. 8. Anarthadanda Viramana Vrata-The sins that are committed thoughtlessly, without any reference to one's personal need or the benefit of one's family, are called Anarthadanada. Abstention from such sins is called Anarthadanda Viramana Vrata. It is undertaken as a safeguard against doing many unnecessary wrong things, such as giving of arms, poison etc. to others; instigating birds and beasts to fight among themselves, counselling others birds and necessary wrong ** ** * * ** * * * * * * * * * 1 !!!!!!!111111 11111! !!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!
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________________ paMcama adhyAsa : 43 to do vicious acts, engaging in evil thoughts or immoral activities etc. 9. Samajika Vrata -- By this vow the layman undertakes to sit quietly for 48 minutes at one place and give up all sinfull activities and calmly meditate on the soul or chant hymns, quelling all evil propensities of one's mind, speech and body, and observing equality to wards friends, foes and all creatures. 10. Deshavakashika Vrata--This vow requires one to restrict further the scope allowed by the previous Dikparimana Vrata, and the restriction varies according to the daily needs of one's life. 11. Paushadha Vratra --According to this vrata the Shravaka has to live the life somewhat like that of an ascetic for a whole day or for a whole day and night or for whole night only by fasting, givining up all worldly pre-occupations and engaging in religious contemplation. Because this vrata promotes and nourishes one's religious life, it is called Paushdha or nourishing. 12. Atithi Samvibhaga Vrata-It means giving food, clothes etc. to Sadhus and Sadhwis. Of these twelve Vratas, the first five are called Anuvratas or minor vows, because they are less difficult and rigorous than the Mahavratas or major vows of the monks; the next three (from the sixth to the eighth) are called Gunavratas, as they forster the growth of the qualities engendered by the first five Anuvratas; and the last four vratas (from the ninth to the twelfth) are called Shiksha-vratas, as they constitute the preliminary training for the adoption of the ascetic life of the monks. The houeholders have to lead the religious life and advance towards perfection by the practice of these twelve vratas. Ahimsa (Non-Violence) Ahimsa or non-violence can be said to be the fulcrum of the whole institution of Jaina monkhood. But as it is not possible to practise non-violence perfectly without a simultaneous practice of truthfulness, non stealing, chastity and non-possession, the above mentioned five major Vratas have been enjoined upon the monks. Again, without a discipline of the mind and the senses, non-violence cannot be practised fully, and without austerities, discipline is out of the question. It is for this reason that non-violence, self-discipline and austerities taken together, have been called Dharma in the Jaina scriptures. The Sadhus (monks) have to be vigilant at every moment and in every movement of their lives, so that they may not be guilty of any violence whatsoever, may not injure or kill even a very minute sentient being. It is impossible to desist from this kind of violence except by a perfect practice of the five major vows. The monks endure with calm courage and equanimity all cruel persecution or oppression, and even deadly suffering--they do not cherish the slight feeling of hatred or anger against their persecutors. Instances like the one in which a Jaina sadhu endured inhuman torture and laid down his life for saving the life of a little bird, are not rare. I have dwelt above on the vratas or religious vows of the Shravakas or Jaina householders. The rules regulating their lives have been so framed as to enable them to lead an honest and pious existence by a gradual control of their cravings and desires. They have been so framed that in earning their livelihood and saving their wealth and property and even when called upon to bear arms for the protection of their person, their families and their country from the oppressive hands of their enemies, the Shravakas may be able to observe self-restraint, and may not * * * * * * * * * **** * * * 11111!! 10.IIII Jain Edu IIIIIII KPE III IIII athedrary.org
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________________ 44 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha cause harm to themselves, their societies, their country, and the larger interests of human society by their wild and unrestrained behaviour, but rather advance, step by step, towards the ideal of monkhood, renouncing all craving for possession by the practice of a progressive selfdiscipline. If we carefully study the rules and vows which a householder is expected to observe, we shall easily see that a ceiling has been imposed upon the possession of wealth, property and objects of enjoyment, and that there is no possibility of an unceasing and excessive accumulation of wealth etc. at any single place; for, when earnings exceed the fixed ceiling, instead of amassing the surplus, one is obliged to spend it away; and such expenditure by householders, who have been observing religious vows and practising self-discipline, cannot but flow in the direction of social welfare. Besides, a ceiling, imposed upon accumulation, curbs the avaricious desire to earn money by unrighteous means. Thus, if desire is controlled, there is no further possibility of an enormous accumulation of wealth at a single place, creating serious inequalities and causing upheavals in society. If a similar rule, which is so beneficial to an individual, is applied to a collectivity or a nation, it may put an end to all kinds of world-wide misery, murder and destruction. X Jain Education Interational
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________________ Dr. Kamal Chand Sagani Jain Bo M.A. B.Sc., Ph.D. Lecturer in Philosophy R.R. College, Alwar (Rajasthan) THE CONCEPTS OF PARISAHA AND TAPA IN JAINISM The householder and the saint are the two wheels on which the cart of Jaina ethical discipline moves on quite smoothly. It is to the credit of Jaina Acaryas that they have always kept in mind these two orders while prescribing any discipline to be observed. They never confounded the obligations of the one with the other. In consequence, Jainism could develop the Acara of the householder with as much clarity and precison as it developed the Acara of the Muni. We shall, first, dwell upon the basic distinctions of these two disciplines before dealing with the concepts of Parisaha and Tapa in Jainism, inasmuch as the exposition of the distinctions will make us clear why the conquest of Parisaha and practice of Tapa have direct reference to the life of the saint or the Muni. First, the upshot of the householder's discipline is to alleviate Himsa to a partial extent; but the aim of the ascetic discipline is to adhere and conform to the standard of negating Himsa to the last degree. In other words, the partial character of the householder's vows is disrupted by the potent life of the Muni, hence the Muni observes complete vows (Mahavratas) in contrast to the householder's observance of partial vows (Anuvratas). Secondly, the life of complete renunciation adopted by the saint makes possible the extirpation of inauspicious Bhavas, which remains unrealised in the householder's life of partial renunciation. The consequence of this is that vice totally vanishes from the life of the Muni. In a different way, the inauspicious Asrava which occurs on account of the presence of the intense passions is stopped, and the Muni for the first time experiences complete cessation (Samvara) of inauspicious Karman. Thirdly, the life of asceticism aptly illustrates the existence and operation of Shubha Yoga, Shubha Dhyana, and Shubha Lesya, which, in the life of the householder, are never found unmixed with their contraries. We may mention in passing that the life of asceticism is not to recoil from the world of action, but from the world of Himsa, which fact lies in consonance with the general tenor of the Jaina religion. As a matter of fact, action as such is not abandoned, but the supramundane character of action displaces its mundane form which inevitably entails Himsa. Even the high discipline of asceticism associated with auspicious Bhavas along with Samyagdarsana prevents the complete realisation of Ahimsa on account of the presence of spiritual enemies in the form of mild passions. The ascetic life, no doubt, affords full ground for its realisation, but its perfect realisation is possible only in the plenitude of mystical experience. Thus the saint's life is an example of dedication of his integral energies to the cessation and shedding of Karmas. In consequence, he regards the subjugation of Parisahas (afflictions) and practice of Tapas (austerities) as falling within the compass of his obligations. The saint *** *** *** **
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________________ 46 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha allows no compromise with anything entangling him in the mire of Samsara. His career is indicative of his complete detachment from mundane life and living. Anything incompatible with, and discordant to, his second birth in a holy world, anything which drags him down to breathe in the suffocating air of the profane world must needs be subdued, strangled and overthrown. If the Parisahas are not met with the adequate attitude and disposition of mind, they would tend to mar the saintly life; on the contrary, if they are encountered with the inner conviction of truth, and invaded with the non-violent army of fortitude, meditation, and devotion, they would confer jubilation, and yield the joy of victory. And if the austerities are spiritedly practised they would bring about the inner rejection of desire, which would let the aspirant experience unalloyed happiness far beyond the joys of this world or of any heaven. The overcoming of the Parisahas results in stopping the influx of Karmas, whereas the observance of austerities serves two-fold purpose of holding up, in the first instance, the inflow of fresh Karmas and wiping off, on the other, the accumulated filth of Karmas. We first Proceed to the question of getting over the Parisahas. Parishas : Their Enumeration and Exposition : Those afflictions that are to be endured for the purpose of not swerving from the path of stopping and dissociating Karmas are termed as Parisahas.3 The Uttaradhyayana tells us that "a monk must learn and know, bear and conquer, in order not to be vanquished by them (Parisahas) when he lives the life of a wandering mendicant". The Parisahas are of twentytwo kinds", namely, (1) hunger (Ksudha), (2) thirst (Trsa), (3) cold (Shita), (4) heat (Usna), (5) insect-bitz (Dansa-masaka), (6) nudity (Nagnata), (7) ennui (Arati), (8) woman (Stri), (9) walking (Carya), (10) sitting (Nisadya), (11) sleeping-place (Shayya), (12) abuse (Akrosa), (13) attack (Vadha), (14) begging (Yacana), (15) non-obtainment (Alabha), (16) disease (Roga), (17) pricking of grass (Trnasparsa), (18) dirt (Mala), (19) respect (Satkara-Purasakara), (20) conceit of knowledge (Prajna), (21) lack of knowledge (Ajnana) and (22) slack belief (Adarsana). We now discuss the attitude of the saint towards these Parisahas. This will also make clear the meaning implied in them. (1-2) The saint accepts faultless food and water. It is just possible that he may not get faultless food and water. Then he, (a) who does not get perturbed by the distress caused by hunger and thirst, (b) who is not inclined to receive food and water in improper country and in improper times, (c) who does not bear even an iota of blemish in the observance of six essentials, (d) who remains occupied with self-study and meditation, (e) who prefers non-obtainment of food and water to their obtainment, is deemed to have swam over the affliction originating from hunger and thirst. Not to dwell upon pangs of hunger and pains of thirst amounts to the surmounting of hunger and thirst Parisahas. (3-4) It is evident that the saint has renounced resorting to external protections against cold and heat, and he remains undecided regarding his habitation like a bird; and if, by his sojourn in the forests or at the peak of mountains, he is troubled by cold breeze, or by frozen ice, or by blasting hot wind, even then if he does not apply his mind to eschew them, but remains steadfast in his spiritual pursuit, he is called the conqueror of cold and heat Parisahas. (5) In spite of the embarrasments caused by insects (flies, mosquitoes, scorpians, snakes, bugbears and the like) the saint who does not entertain the idea of their removal, but who keeps in mind the fixed determination of spiritual advancement, is said to have got over insect-bite Parisaha. (6) The saint who is stark-naked like a newly born child, whose heart has transcended the lustful *** ** * ** * * - 3. IIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII Jain Edita iiiii IIIIIII ! IIIIIIIIIIIIII IIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII W ine bary.org
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 47 thoughts, and who observes unchallangeable chastity conquers nudity Parisaha.? Or "my clothes being torn, I shall go naked or I shall get a new suit; such thoughts should not be entertained by a monk. At one time he will have no clothes at another he will have some; knowing this to be a salutary rule a wise monk should not complain about it". (7) The saint who subjugates the feeling of ennui, which may be caused by the control of senses, by certain ills and maladies, by the behaviour of vicious persons, and by other formidable difficulties of ascetic life, is understood to subdue ennui Parisaha. (8) If the saint is not seduced by the beautiful forms, the smile, charming talks, amorous glances and laughter of women, he is called the conqueror of woman Parisaha. (9) In leaving one place for another according to the prescribed rules of ascetic discipline, if the saint bears hardships owing to sharp pointed pebbles and thorns lying on the path, he is said to have got over walking Parisaha. (10) The saint who sits down in a burial-ground, or in a deserted house or in a cave, and there who is not frightened even by a roar of lion, and who is accustomed to difficult postures, is believed to have over-come sitting Parisaha. (11) After getting tired from constant self-study and meditation, the saint resorts to sleep at a place which may be rough. If his mind, inspite of this, is unruffled and is occupied with auspicious Bhavas, he is said to have conquered sleeping-place Parisaha. (12) The saint who keeps an attitude of indifference towards reviles and remonstrations, and remains mentally undisturbed by them, overcomes abuse Parisaha. (13) If the saint does not lose his serene disposition even if his body is being butchered, he is believed to have overcome attack Parisaha. (14) The saint who does not meanly ask for food, place of stay, medicine etc., even if his Pranas part with him, has conquered begging Parisaha. (15) The subjugation of non-obtainment Parisaha signifies the presence of mental placidity and composure when the saint does not obtain his food from the householder. (16) In spite of being invaded by a number of diseases, the saint who conquers disease Parisaha endures them with fortitude without the neglect of his daily duties. (17) The saint who remains undisturbed even if his body gets trouble by the pointed pieces of pebbles, thorns etc. whose mind is always engaged in non-injuring living beings in walking, sleeping and sitting, is affirmed to have conquered pricking of grass Parisaha. (18) If the accumulation of dirt and dust over the body does not cause the slightest mental disturbance to the saint who is engaged in cleansing the soul from the mire of Karmic impurities by the pure water of right knowledge and conduct, he has got over dirt Parisaha. (19) If the saint is not disturbed or attracted by the disrespectful or respectful attitude of the persons around him, he has overcome respect Parisaha. (20) By not allowing himself to be puffed up with pride of knowledge, the saint attains the designation of the conqueror of the conceit of knowledge Parisaha. (21) The conquest of lack of knowledge Parisaha points out that the saint does not sucumb to despondency, even if he fails to acquire knowledge or inner illumination inspite of his severe austerities. (22) If the saint is not shaken in faith in the doctrine of truth even if years of austerities prove to be of no avail in benefiting him with certain saintly acquisitions, he has overcome slack-belief Parisaha. Distinction between Parisahas and Austerities : After dealing with the kinds and characteristic nature of Parisahas and the attitude of the saint towards them, we now proceed to the exposition of the nature of austerities and their distinction with the Parisahas. The difference between Parigahas and austerities consists in the fact that the former occur against the will of the saint, who endures them or rather turns them to * * * * * * * * * * * * *** ** IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII Iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii !!!!!! ! 11111111! ! ! ! Iiiiiiiiiiiiii Jain Educiv i l !! ! ! !!!!!!!!!! !!!!! !!!!! ! iiiii W anelorary.org
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________________ 4242424242 48 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha good account by contemplating them to be the means for spiritual conquest, while the latter are in concordance with the will of the saint to have the spiritual triumph. Secondly, most of the Parisahas may be the creations of vicious man, cruel nature and jealous gods, viewed from the common man's point of view, but austerities are the enunciations and resolutions of the aspirant's soul. Again, if Parisahas have enduring value, austerities have pursuing value, Thirdly, Parisahas which are obstacles to spiritual life, represent themselves as the passing phase in the career of the aspirant, where as the austerities form the indispensable part and parcel of the discipline which is enjoined in order to escape from this distressed and sorrowful worldy life. Lastly, we may say that the performance of austerities subscribes to the endurance of Parisahas with equanimity and unruffled state of mind. Nature and Kind of Tapa (Austrity): Jain Education a Austerity (Tapa) implies the renunciaton and rejection of desire, as the real enemy of the soul. The Satkhandagama pronounces that the extirpation of desire in order to actualize the triple jewels of right belief, right knowledge and right conduct is affirmed to be Tapa. Thus, in the Jaina view of Tapa, the idea of expelling all desires, the whole root of evil and suffering in favour of attaining to the freedom of the soul, tranquillity and equality of mind, is not only prominent but paramount. It is at the basis as well as at the summit of Jaina preachings. Despite the supremacy of this inward reference, Jainas do not ignore the outer physical austerities. In keeping with this trend of exposition, Tapas are announced to be of two kinds,10 namely, the external and the internal. The former is so called because of the preponderance of the physical and perceptible abandonment, while the latter is so called on account of the inner curbing of mind." Besides, the designation 'external' which is applied to a section of Tapas may be justified on the ground that they are capable of being pursued even by those who are not spiritually converted.12 We shall first dwell upon the austerities in their external forms. External austerities : The external austerities are enumerated as six in kind, namely, (1) Anasana, (2) Avamaudarya, (3) Vrttipatisankhyana, (4) Rasaparityaga, (5) Viviktasavyyasana, and (6) Kayaklesa.13 The uttaradhyayana11 enumerates the six forms of external austerities thus: Anasana, Unodari, Bhiksacari Rasaparityaga, Kayaklesa, Sanlinata; i.e. instead of Bhiksaearl and Sanlinata there Vrttiparisankhyana and Viviktasayyaasan respectively. However, these do not differ in meaning. (1) Anasana implies fasting or abstinence from food either for a limited period of time, or till the separation of the soul from the body. It's performed for purpose of practising selfcontrol, exterminating attachment, annihilating Karmas, performing meditation and acquiring scriptural knowledge, and not for the purpose of any mundane achievement whatsoever.16 It may be noted here that Anasana has been recognized as the simultaneous renunciation of food and the attachment to it. Mere maceration of the body is not fasting.17 (2) Avamaudarya means not to take full meals; i.e. out of the normal quantity of thirty-two morsel1s for man, and twenty-eight for woman, the reduction of even one morsel will come within the range of this Tapa. The observance of this austerity has been calculated to offer control over the senses and sleep, to assist in the practising of Dharmas successfully, to help in the performance of the six essentials, the self study, and the like.20 (3) Vrttiparisankhyana" means the predetermination of the saint regarding the number of houses to be visited, the particular manner *** For Oritate & Bersama Use Only! ** ary.org
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 46 of taken food, the specific type of food, the giver of specific qualification, when he sets out to beg for food.22 In other words, the saint adheres to his predecided things; if the things conform literally to his predecision he would accept the food; otherwise he would go without it for that day. This is to uproot the desire for food.2) (4) Rasaparityaga indicates the abstinence from the one or more of the following six articles of food, namely, milk, curd, ghee, oil, sugar, salt; and from one or more of the following kinds of tastes, namely pacrid, bitter, astringent, sour and sweet.21 This is performed for the emasculation of the senses, subduing sleep, and the unobstructed pursuance of self-study.25 (5) Viviktasayyasana2 implies the choice of secluded place which is not frequented by women, eunuchs, she-animals, depraved householders etc. and which may serve the real purpose of meditation, self-study and chastity. and is not the cause of attachment and aversion.27 (6) Kayaklesa mean the putting of the body to certain discomforts by employing certain uneasy and stern postures and by practising certain other bodily austerities of severe nature, for instance of remaining in the sun in the summer, and the like 2) The object of Kiyaklesa is to endure bodily discomfort, to alleviate attachment to pleasurs.) We have so far explained the nature of external austerities, and have seen that the performance of these austerities does not merely aim at the physical renunciation, but also at the overthrow of the thraldom of the body and senses. In other words, the external asceticism is capable of being justified only when it contributes towards the inner advancement of man; otherwise in the absence of which it amounts to labour which is wholly lost. The Mulacara says that the external austerity should not engender mental disquietude, abate the zeal for the performance of disciplinary practices of ethical and spiritual nature, but it should enhance spiritual convictions. This exposition brings to light the inward tendency of outward asceticism, or physical renunciation, and decries the mere flagellation of the body. The enunciation of Samantabhadra that the external austerity serves for the pursuance of spiritual austerity also clearly shows the emphasis laid by Jainism on the internal aspect of Tapa.1 After vindicating the claims of the outward ascetic discipline in the ethical set up of Jaina preaching, we set out to discuss the nature of internal austerities. Internal austerities The internal austerities are also enumerated as six in kind, namely, Prayascitta (2) Vinaya, (3) Vaiyavstta (4) Svadhyaya, (5) Vyutsarga and (8) Dhyana.? (1) The process by virtue of which a saint may seek freedom from the committed transgressions may be termed as Prayascitta.33 According to Kartikeya, that is the real Prayscitta wherein the commission of some fault is not repeated even if the body may be cut to hundred pieces.34 It is of ten kinds : (a) Alccana, (b) Pratikramana, (c) Ubhaya, (d) Viveka, (e) Vyutsarga (f ) Tapa, (g) Cheda, (h) Mula, (i) Parihara, (j) Sradhana. The Tattvarthasutra" enumerates only nine kinds, eliminating Sradhana, and probably substituting the name Upasthapana for Mula. To dwell upon them in succession : (a) Alocana implies the expression and confession of transgression before the Guru after avoiding ten kinds of defects. (b) Pratikramana is self-condemnation for the transgression.(c) To perform both Alccana and Pratikramana for certain major faults like bad dreams etc. is Ubhaya.(d) To renounce a thing which has been wrongly used is Viveka, or when the Guru prescribes the renunciation of a certain place, time and object, that is also Viveka. (e) To engage oneself in Kayotsagra is called Vyutsarga.41 (f) To engage oneself in external * * * * * * * * * * IT * o * Te * * Tafel Jain 8813.IIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 111111111111111111111111111111 1 11111 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII !!!!!!!!iiii III. tery.org
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________________ 10 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha austerities or fasts is called Tapa.42 (g) When the Guru cuts short the life of sainthood, it is called Cheda. (h) To re-establish one in saintly life is Mula.41 (i) To expell a saint from the order of monks is called Parihara.45 (j) To redevelop belief in the true order is Sradhana. 46 (2) Vinaya implies either the control of senses and the eradication of passions, or the holding of humbleness for the triple-jewelled personalities.47 All scriptural study in the absence of Vinaya gose to the wall. The outcome of the former should be the latter which in turn entails progress and prosperity. The outward and mundane consequences of Vinaya are wide recognition, friendship, respect, grace of Guru, obedience to the command of Jina, and destruction of ill-will, while the inward and suprermundane fruits of Vinaya are easiness in Selfrestraint and penances, the acquisition of knowledge, purification of self, the emergence of the feeling of gratitude, simplicity and commendation of other man's qualities, the destruction of conceitedness, and lastly the attainment of emancipation.49 Fivefold classification of Vinaya(a) Darsana, (b) Jnana, (c) Caritra, (d) Tapa and (e) Upacara has been recognised. The Tattvarthasutra speaks of the first four and probably includes Tapa Vinaya into Caritra Vinaya.1 In the Jaina writings we also find a mention of the five type of Acar-Darsenacara, Jnanacara, Caritracara, Tapacara, and Viryacara. The first four seem to be the quite same as the first four Vinayas. Really speaking, Vinaya is a disposition, while Acara is an activity. The two are related as the inward and the outward, only theoretically distinguishable. (a) The disposition of observance of the eigth constituents of Samyagdarsana, of the devotion to the adorable five souls has been designated as Darsana Vinaya. It is also regarded as belief in Dravyas and Paryayas.63 (b) He who reflects, preaches and utilises knowledge for higher progress is regarded as having Jnana Vinaya. (c) To control the senses and passions, to observe Gupti and Samiti are included in Caritra Vinaya.55 (d) To be elated in presence of saints performing excellent penances, and not to depreciate others are called Tapa Vinaya.56 (a) Upacara Vinaya is worldly modesty. It is the expression of modesty through body, mind and speech. To stand up out of respect for the saint, to bow down, to offer him a seat, to give him send off by following him a little distance--all these are included in bodily modesty.57 To speak beneficial, balanced, sweet, respectful, purposeful words is vocal modesty 58 The controlling of mind from vices and the pursuing of virtues are regarded as mental modesty.59 The expression of Upacara Vinaya should not only be limited to Guru, but householders, nuns and other monks are also required to be shown this sort of Vinaya.60 (3) The rendering of service to saints by means of medicine, preaching etc. when they are overwhelmed by disease, Parisahas and perversities is called Vaiyavsttya.61 This austerity is performed for uprooting the feeling of abhorrence of dirt, disease etc., for spiritual realisation, and for revealing affection for the spiritual path.2 (4) Scriptural study or Svadhyaya, in the first place, comprises the fact of faultlessly making intelligible either the words or meaning or both to the person curious to learn without the expectance of any return;63 secondly, the asking of questions with a view to clear away doubts or to confirm ones conviction regarding words and meanings, or both;64 thirdly, the constant dwelling upon the assimilated meaning to the extent that the mind may dive deep and submerge itself into the meaning so as to attain the same form like a hot iron ball;65 fourthly, the fact of memorising the scriptures and their repeated revision with unerring pronunciation,66 fifthly, the moral preachings illustrated with the life of great men without the desire to earn * ** ** * ** * *** * * * IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 51 worldly benefits and prestige, but with the desire to eradicate the unworthy path, to remove doubts, and to illumine the essential aspects of life. According to the Jaina, that is right knowledge which can enlighten the essence of life, foster self-control, direct the mind from the "abyss of sensuality to the plane of the spirit",68 instill the spirit of detachment, inspire the pursuance of noble path, and develop fraternal feelings with all beings,69 Scriptural study may very well be equated with type of knowledge. Besides, it confers upon the aspirant the benediction that senses are restrained, three Guptis are observed, mental concentration is obtained, and humbleness pours in. The man with the knowledge of Sutras saves himself from being led astray, just as the needle with thread is not lost." Kundakunda emphasizes the importance of scriptural study by pronouncing that it serves to exhaust the heap of delusion.7 Pujyapada points out that the purpose of Svadhyaya is to enrich intellect, to refine moral and spiritual efforts, to infuse detachment and fear from the mundane miseries, to effect an advancement in the practice of austerities, and to purify defects that may occur when one pursues the divine path.73 In addition to these objectives fulfilled by Svadhyaya, Akalanka recognises that it also serves to perpetuate the religion preached by the omniscient Tirthankara, to uproot one's own doubts and those of the co-religionists, and lastly, to defend the basic doctrines against the onslaughts of antagonistic philosophers.?! For those who are fickle-minded, intellectually unsteady, nothing is so potent to terminate such a state of mind as the pursuance of Svadhyaya or the scriptural study, just as darkness can only be nullified by the light of the sun.75 It brings about mental integration and concentration, inasmuch as the aspirant overcomes the hindrances by ascertaining the nature of things through the study of the scriptures. Without the acquisition of scriptural knowledge, there always abides a danger of being led astray from the virtuous path, just as the tree full of flowers and leaves cannot escape its deadening fate for want of the root.77 Thus, the significance of Svadhyaya is so great that of the twelve kinds of austerities already discussed, Svadhyaya is unsurpassable.7 If scriptural study offers an incentive to the householder to lead the life of a saint by consecrating himself completely to meditation and devotion, it serves as a temporary help for the sojourn of the saint when he experiences meditational fatigue. It imparts meditational inspiration and intellectual fund and satisfaction. It is at once a "tonic to the brain and sauce to the heart.79 It bestows upon us philosophical satisfaction about the truths of mystical religion and creates an insatiable desire to have an actual experience of these truths. "It brings home to the mystic's mind the sense of weakness, finitude and helplessness and awakens the Sadhaka to the need of making more efforts, of cultivating the moral virtues and of enhancing his meditations and devotions." (5) Vyutasarga signifies the relinquishment of external and internal Parigraha.s1 The former comprises living and non-living Parigraha, and the latter, the fourteen kinds of passions.S2 General nature and types of Dhyana. Having discussed the nature of five kinds of internal Tapas, we now proceed to dwell upon the nature of Dhyanas. It well not be amiss to point out that all the disciplinary practices form an essential background for the performance of Dhayana. Just as the storage of water which is meant for irrigating the corn-field, may also be utilised for drinking and other purposes, so the disciplinary practices like Gupti, Samiti etc. which are meant for the cessation of the inflow of the fresh Karman may also be esteemed as forming the background for Dhyana.83 * * * * * Jain Educ 11.TIT Swathedraty.org
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________________ 12 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha In other words, all the disciplinary observances find their culmination in Dhyana. Thus Dhyana is the indispensable, intergral constituent of right conduct, and consequently, it is directly related to the actualisation of the divine potentialities. It is the clear, and single road by which the aspirant can move straight to the supreme good. To define Dhyana, it represents the concentration of mind on a particular object, which concentration is possible only for an Antarmuhurta (time below forty-eight minutes) to the maximum and that too in case of such souls as are possessing the bodies of the best order.84 The stability of thoughts on one object is recognised as Dhyana and the passing of mind from one object to another is deemed as either Bhavana, or Anupreksa, or cinta.85 Now, the object of concentration may be profane and holy in character.86 The mind may concentrate either on the debasing and degrading object, or on the object which is uplifting and elevating. The former which causes the inflow of inauspicious Karman is designated as inauspicious concentration (Aprasasta), while the latter which is associated with the potency of Karmic annulment is called auspicious concentration (Prasasta).87 To be brief, Dhyana is capable of endowing us with resplendent jewel, or with the pieces of glass. When both things can be had which of these will a man of discrimination choose ?88 Subhacandra distinguishes three categories of Dhyana, good, evil, and pure in coformity with the three types of purposes, viz; auspicious, inauspicious and transcendental, which may be owned by a self.89 At another place he categories Dhyana as Prasasta and Aprasasta." These two modes of classification are not incompatible, but evince difference of perspectives; the former represents the psychical or psychological view, the latter, the practical or ethical view. In a different way, the Prasasta type of Dhyana may be considered to include good and pure types of Dhyana within it; and this will again give us the two types of Dhyana, namely, Prasasta and Aprasasta. The former category is divided into two types, namely, Dharma-Dhyana and Sukla-Dhyana, and the latter, also into two types, namely, Arata-Dhyana and Raudra-Dhyana." The Prasasta category of Dhyana has been deemed to be potent enough to make the aspirant realise the emancipated status.92 On the contrary, the Aprasasta one forces the mundane being to experience worldly sufferings.93 Thus those who yearn for liberation should abjure Arta and Raudra Dhyanas and embrace Dharma and Sukla ones."* In dealing with Dhyana as Tapa, we are completely concerned with the Prasasta types of Dhyana, since they are singularly relevant to the auspicious and transcendental living. But we propose, in the first instance, to discuss the nature of Aprasasta types of Dhyana, since its exposition would help us to understand clearly the sharp distinction between the two categories of Dhyana. To speak in a different way, if Prasasta Dhyana is the positive aspect of Tapa, Aprasasta one reprents the negative one. Aprasasta Dhyana (a) Arta-Dhyana The word "Arta' implies anguish and affliction; and the dwelling of the mind on the thoughts resulting from such a distressed state of mind is to be regarded as Arta-Dhyana.95 In this world of storm and stress, though there are illimitable things which may occasion pain and suffering to the empirical soul, yet all of them cannot be expressed by the limited human understanding. The four kinds of Arta-Dhyana" have been recognised. The first concerns itself with the fact of one's being constantly occupied with the anxeity of overthrowing the associated undesirable objects of varied nature. In a different way, when the discomposure of mind results on account of the baneful association of disagreeable objects which are * ** *** ** * *** ** * Jain Edu III. !! IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIDIIVSUI !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! I IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIOGEO atay.org !Iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 53 either heard or perceived or which occur in mind owing to previous impressions, we have the first type of Arta-Dhyana, namely, Anista-samyogaja.8 The parting with of agreeable objects may also occasion discomposure of mind. To be overwhelmed by anxiety for restoring the loss is called the second type of Arta-dhyana, namely, Ista-viyogaja.99 The constant occupation of mind to remove the distressing state of mind resulting from the diseased condition of the body is called the third type of Arta-dhyana, namely, Vedana-Janita.100 To yearn for agreeable pleasures and to contrive to defeat and slander the enemy constitute what is called as the fourth type of Arta-dhyana, namely, Nidana-Janita.101 In other words, to make up one's mind for and to constantly dwell upon the acquisition of the objects of sensual pleasures is termed as the fourth type of Arta-dhyana, namely, Nidana-Janita.102 It may be noted here that the Arta-dhyana in general is natural to the empirical souls on account of the evil dispositions existing from an infinite past.103 It discovers itself owing to the presence of inauspicious lesyas like Krsna, Nila, and Kapota in the texture of the worldly self, and brings about subhuman birth where innumerable pain-provoking things inevitably arise.104 The Arta-dhyana with its four-fold classification may occur in the perverted, as also in the spiritually converted, and partially disciplined personalities. Even the saint associated with Pramada gets sometimes influenced by the above types except the fourth.105 It will not be amiss to point out that just as the householder cannot escape the Himsa of one-sensed Jivas, even so he cannot avoid Arta-dhyana. No doubt, he can reduce it to an irreducible extent, but cannot remove it altogether unlike the saint of a high order. (b) Raudra-dyana We now proceed to explain the Raudra-dhyana which has also been enumerated as of four kinds. To take delight in killing living beings, to be felicitous in hearing, seeing and reviving the oppression caused to sentient beings, to seek ill of others, to be envious of other man's prosperity and merits, to collect the implements of Himsa, to show kindness to cruel persons, to be revengeful, to wish defeat and victory in war-all these come within the purview of the first kind of Raudra-dhyana, namely, Himsanandi Raudra-dhyana,106 The individual whose mind is permeated by falsehood, who designs to entangle the world in troubles by dint of propagating vicious doctrines, and writing unhealthy literature for the sake of his own pleasure, who amasses wealth by taking recourse to deceit and trickery, who contrives to show faults fraudulently in faultless persons in order that the king may punish them, who takes pride and pleasure in cheating the simple and ignorant persons through the fraudulent language, may be considered to be indulging in the second type of Raudra-dhyana, namely, Mrsanandi Raudra-dhyana.107 Dexterity in theft, zeal in the act of thieving, and the education for theft should be regarded as the third type of Raudra-dhyana, namely, Cauryanandi Raudradhyana.105 The endeavour a man does to guard paraphernalia and pleasures of the senses is called the fourth type of Raudra-dhyana, namely. Visayanandi Raudra-dhyana.109 It deserves our notice that the undisciplined and partially disciplined persons are the subjects of Raudradhyana. 110 Though the partially disciplined persons are the victims of this Dhyana on account of their observing partial conduct, i.e. partial Ahimsa, partial truth, partial non-stealing, partial non-acquisition and partial chastity, yet Raudra-dhyana of such an unmitigable character along with Samyagdarsana is incapable of leadidg one to experience miseries of hellish beings.111 The life of the saint is exclusive of this Dhyana, since in its presence conduct * * * * * * * **** * * * lain di . ..IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII! ! !IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII b ary.org TTTTTTTTIIiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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________________ 54 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha degenerates. 112 This Dhyana, also occurs in the self without any education and is the result of the intensest passion, or the Krsna, Nila and Kapota Lesyas. 113 Pre-requisites of Prasasta Dhyana Next in order comes the Prasasta type of Dhyana which may be called Dhyana proper. This type of Dhyana is contributive to Moksa or final release. Before we directly embark upon the study of the types of Prasasta Dhyana, it is of primary and radical importance to delineate their pre-requisites which will enforce banishment of all the inimical elements robbing the soul of the legitimate disposition and proper conduct for spiritual advancement. In consequence the self will gain strength to dive deep into the ordinarily unfathomable depths of the mysterious self. Indubiously, in the intital stages the purity of empirical and psychical background is the indispensable condition of Dhyana. The necessary pre-requistes, of Dhyana, in general, may be enumerated by saying that the subject must have the ardent desire for final liberation, be non-attached to worldly objects, possess unruffled and tranquil mind, be self-controlled, stable, sense-controlled, patient and enduring. 114 Besides, one should steer clear of (1) the worldly, (3) the philosophico-ethical, and (3) the mental distractions, and look towards the suitability of (4) time, (5) place, and (6) posture, and (7) towards the attainment of mental equilibrium, before one aspires for Dhyana conducive to liberation. We now deal with them in succession. (1) The life of the householder is fraught with numberless disturbances which impede the development of his meditational disposition. Subhacandra holds and antagonistic attitude towards the successful performance of Dhyana in the life of the householder. He expresses his view in very emphatic words that we may hope the occurrence of the flower of the sky, and horn of the donkey at some time and place, but the adornment of the householder's life with the Dhyana is never possible.115 All this must not imply that the householder is outright incapable of performing Dhyana, but it should mean that he cannot perform Dhyana of the best order which is possible only in the life of the saint. (2) If the aspirant, despite his saintly garb suffers from the philosophical and ethical delusions he will like wise lose the opportunity of performing Dhyana. In other words, right belief and right conduct cannot be dispensed with, if Dhyana is to be performed. (3) The control of mind which in turn leads to the control of passions and senses is also the essential condition of Dhyana. Mental distraction like mental perversion hinders meditational progress, and to achieve liberation without mental purity is to drink water from there where it is not, i.e. from the river of mirage.116 That is Dhyana, that is supreme knowledge, that is the object of Dhyana by virtue of which the mind after transcending ignorance submerges in the self's own nature. 117 A man who talks of Dhyana without the conquset of mind is ignorant of the nature of Dhyana. 118 On the reflective plane, the recognition of the potential divinity of the empirical self and the consciousness of the difference between the empirical self and the transcendental self will unequivocally function as the mental pre-requisite condition of Dhyana. 119 The practice of the fourtold virtues of Maitri (friendship with all creatures), Pramoda (appreciation of the merits of others), Karuna (compassion and sympathy) and Madhyastha (indifference to the unruly) has also been prescribed as the mental pre-requisite conditions of Dhyana. These quadruple virtues, when practised in an earnest spirit, cause to disapper the slumber of perversion, and to set in eternal tranquillity.120 (4-5) The selection of proper place, posture and time is no less importance for the performance of Dhyana. The aspirant should avoid those * * * * . www LIELIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII lain Edita GBDOBIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIII ! !.. NILIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII DIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII kry.org
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 55 places which are inhabited by the vicious, hypocrites, and the acutely perverted persons, and by gamblers, drunkards, harlots etc. and should also avoid those place which may be otherwise disturbing.121 He should choose those places which are associated with the names of holdy Tirthankaras and saints.122 A bank of a river, a summit of a mountain, an Island, and a cave and other places of seclusion and inspiration, should be chosen for practising spiritual concentration.123 As regards the posture for Dhyana, for the people of this age who are generally deficient in energy, Paryanka or Padma and Kayotsarga postures are especially recommended.121 For him, every porture, every place and every time is fit for meditation, whose mind is immaculate, stable, enduring, controlled and detached. 125 A place may be secluded or crowded, the saint may be properly or improperly seated, the stability of saints' mind is the proper time for meditation. 123 Subhacandra very beautifully protrays the mental and the physical picture of a saint preparing for meditation. The mind of the saint should be purified by the waves of the ocean of discriminatory enlightenment, be destitute of passions, be like an unfathomable occean, be undeviating like a mountain, and should be without all sorts of doubts and delusions. Besides, the posture of the saint should be such as to arouse suspicion in the mind of a wise man regarding his being a stone-status or apainted figure 127 The Yogi who attains sturdiness and steadfastness in posture does not get perturbed by being confronted with the extremes of cold and heat and by being harassed by furious animals.128 (7) The saint who has controlled his mind and purged it of perversion and passions may be said to have attained initial mental enquipoise by virtue of which he is not seduced by the sentient and non-sentient, the pleasant and unpleasant objects.12) The consequence of this is that his desires vanish, ignorance disappears, and his mind is calmed. And above all he can sweep away the filth of Karman within a twinkle of an eye. 130 The great Acarya Subhacandra is so much overwhelmed by the importance of this sort of mental poise that he pronounces this as the Dhyana of the best order.131 Thus mental enqanimity precedes Dhyana. Process of Dhyana After dealing with the pre-requisites of Dhyana, we now propose to discuss the process of Dhyana. For the control of the mind, and for the successful performance of Dhyana the process of breath-control (Pranayama) may be necessary, but it being painful engenders Artadhyana which consequently deflects the saint from his desired path.182 Besides, the process of breath-control develops diverse supernormal powers which serve as hinderances to the healthiest developments of the spirit.133 Hence the better method is to withdraw the senses from the sensual objects and the mind from the senses, and to concentrate the mind on the forehead (Lalata).131 This proces is called Pratyahara. The ten places in the body have been enumerated for mental concentration, namely the two eyes, the two ears, the foremost point of the nose, the forehead, the mouth, the navel, the head, the heart, the palate, the place between the two eye-brows.135 The Yogi should contemplate his original underived potency of the self, and compare his present state with the non-manifested nature of the self. He should regard ignorance and Sensual indulgence as the causes of the fall. Then, he should be determined to end the obstructions to the manifestation of the transcendental self by dint of the sword of meditation. He should express his resolution by affirming that he is neither a hellish being, nor an animal, nor a man, and nor a celestial being, but a transcendental being devoid of these mundane transformations which result from the Karmic association.136 And again, being * * * H * * * * * * * * HIIIIIII!! IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 11 Piatee RAIS IIIIIIIIIIIIII !!!!!! !!!!Iilili www.ainelorary.org Jain Econet !
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________________ 26 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha possessed of infinite power, knowlede, intuition and bliss, he must not go away from his original nature.187 Having determined in this manner, the patient, enduring, steadfast, and crystal pure Yogi should meditate upon the material and non-material objects as possessing the triple nature of origination, destruction and continuance, as also upon the omniscient embodied and disembodied souls.158 Having meditated upon the six kinds of Dravyas in their true nature, the Yogi should either acquire the spirit of non-attachment or enrapture his mind in the occean of compassion 13) Afterwards he should begin to meditate upon the nature of Paramatman who is associated with the number of original and unique characteristics.1:0 The Yogi gets engrossed with these characteristics, and endeavours, to enlighten his own self with spiritual illumination. He gets immersed in the nature of Paramatman to such an extent that the consciousness of the distinctions of subject, object, and the process vanishes.141 This is the state of equality (Samarasibhava) and indentification (Ekikarana) where the self submerges in the transcendental self, and becomes non-different from it.142 This sort of meditation is called Savirya-dhyana. 143 There is another way of speaking about the process of Dhyana. Of the three states of self, namely, external, internal and transcendental, the Yogi should renounce the external self, and meditate upon the transcendental self by means of the internal self.14 In other words, after abandoning the spirit of false selfhood and after attaining spiritual conversion, the Yogi should ascend higher through the ladder of the latter with the legs of meditation. The ignorant is occupied with the renunciation and possession of external objects, while the wise is occupied with the renunciation and possession of internal ones; but the superwise transcends the thoughts of the external and internal.115 Hence, in order to attain this last state, the Yogi after isolating the self from speech and body should fix his mind on his own self, and perform other actions by means of speech and body without mental inclination.146 The constant meditation upon the fact, 'I am that', 'I am that results in the steadfastness of Atmanic experience.147 The author of the Jnanarnava, in addition, elaborately expounds the process of Dhyana by classifying Dhyana into (1) Pindastha, (2) Padastha, (3) Rupastha and (4) Rupatita.118 Though the credit of their lucid exposition devolves upon Subhacandra, yet the credit of suggestion and enumeration in the history of Jaina literature goes to Yogindu who is believed to have lived in the 6th century A.D. much earlier then Subhacandra.119 We shall now dwell upon this fourfold classification. (1) Pingastha-dhyana comprises the five forms of contemplation 50 (Dharanas) which are explained in the following way. (a) The Yogi should imagine a motionless, noiseless and ice-white ocean in Madhyaloka. In the centre of the ocean he should imagine a finely-constructed, resplendent and enchanting lotus of thousand petals as extensive a Jambudvipa. The centre of the lotus should then be imagined as having a pericarp which emanates yellowish radiance in all the ten directions. In the pericarp the Yogi should imagine a raised throne resembling the resplendence of the moon. And therein he should imagine himself seated in a serence frame of mind. He should then firmly believe that his self is potent enough to sweep away all the filth of passions and to demolish all the Karmas. This type of contemplation is called Parthivi-dharana.151 (b) Afterwards the Yogi is required to imagine a beautiful, well-shaped lotus of sixteen petals in the region of his own naval. He should then imagine that each petal is inscribed with one of the sixteen vowels, 7, 1, , 6, 3, 3, , , , , , , , , , , and that the pericarp of this lotus is inscribed with a holy - % * * & * * * 38 A LUGLIOLET A !! OIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII Jai Eau Deii.iiiiiiiii i iiiiiiiibrary.org IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII iii
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 57 syllable, &. Afterwards he should imagine that the smoke is slowly coming out of the upper stroke of the holy syllable , and that after some time the smoke turns itself into a flame of fire which burns the lotus of eight petals situated in the region of the heart. After this lotus, which represents the eight kinds of Karmas, has been reduced to ashes, the Yogi should imagine a fire sorrounding the body. After the body is reduced to ashes, the fire, in the absence of anything to burn, is automatically extinguished. This type of contemplation is called Agneyi-dharana.152 (c) The Yogi should then imagine the powerful winds which are capable of blowing away the ashes of the body. After the ashes are imagined to be blown away, he should imagine the steadiness and calmness of the wind. This type of contemplation is called Svasana dharana.153 (d) The Yogi should then imagine heavily clouded sky along with lightening, thundering and rain bow. Such imagination should culminate in the constant downpour of big and bright rain drops like pearls. These rain drops are required to be imagined as serving the holy function of washing away the remnants of the ashes of the body. This type of contemplation is called Varuni-dharana.154 (e) Afterwards the Yogi should meditate his own soul as great as an omniscient, as bereft of seven constituent elements of the body, as possessed of radiance which is as immaculate as the full-orbed moon. He should, then, contemplate his soul as associated with supernormal features, as seated on the throne, as adored and worshipped by Devas, Devils and the men. After this he should meditate his soul as free from all kinds of Karmas, as possessed of all the divine attributes and qualities. This is called Tattvarupavati-dharana.155 With this finishes the practising of the Pindasthadhyana which leads to the blissful life enduring and everlasting. 156 (2-4) The Padastha-dhyana means contemplation by means of certain Matric syllables, such as 'Om', 'Arahanta' etc.157 Subhacandra draws attention of the number of such syllables which need not be dealt with here. The Rupastha-dhyana consists in meditating on the divine qualities and the extraordinary powers of the Arahantas.168 The Yogi by virtue of meditating on the divine qualities imagines his own self as the transcendental self and believes that "I am that omniscient soul and not anything else. 159 "The Rupatita-dhyana implies the meditation on the attributes of Sidhatman. In other words, the Rupatita-dhyana is that wherein the Yogi meditates upon the self as blissful consciousness, pure, and formless. 160 We have thus dwelt upon the various processes of Dhyana. These different processes which may be brought under Prasasta-dhyana are capable of leading us to the supreme state of transcendental existence. All this was a digression from the traditional enumeration which recognises four kinds of Dharma-dhyana and four kinds of Sukla-dhyana. We shall now deal with these kinds of Dhyana. Dharma-dhyana The word 'Dharma' implies the veriable nature of things, the ten kinds of Dharma, the triple jewels and the protection of living beings.161 The four types of Dharma-dhyana have been recognised, namely, (1) Ajna-vicaya, (2) Apaya-vicaya, (3) Vipaka-Vicaya, and Lastly (4) Sansthana-vicaya.162 (1) When the aspirant finds no one to preach, lacks subtle wit, is obstructed by the rise of Karmas, is encountered with the subtleness of objects and experiences the deficiency of evidence and illustration in upholding and vindicating any doctrine, he adheres to the exposition of the Arahanta after believing that the Arahanta does not misrepresent things. The aspirant may thus be said to have performed Ajna-vicaya Dharma-dhyana.163 Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Qiu Lai Qiu Qiu Qiu Qiu IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii H iiiiiii111 iiiiii!!!III IUBILLALOM Jain Edu L iiiii IIIIIIII IIIIIII liiIII
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________________ 58 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha Or he who has understood the nature of objects and who therefore makes use of Naya and Pramana for justfying certain doctrines may be believed to have performed Ajna-vicaya Dharma-dhyana.164 We may here say that the purpose of this Dhyana is to maintain intellectual clarity regarding the metaphysical nature of objects propounded by the Arahanta. (2) To ponder over the adeudate ways and means of emancipating the souls from the wordly suffering caused by the perverted belief, knowledge and conduct,165 and to meditate on the means of ascending the ladder of spiritual welfare,166 are designated as Apaya-vicaya Dharma-dhyana. Besides, the aspirant should give himself to serious contemplation : 'who am I?' Why there are inflow and bondage of Karmas? How Karmas can be overthrown? What is liberation ? and what is the manifested nature of soul on being liberated ?167 If Ajna-vicaya establishes oneself in truth, Apaya-vicaya lays stress on the means of realising the essential nature of truth. (3) Vipaka-vicaya Dharma-dhyana implies the reflection on the effects which Karmas produce on the diverse empirical souls.168 (4) The reflection on the nature and form of this universe constitutes what is called as Samsthana-vicaya Dharma-dhyana.169 This kind of Dhyana impressed upon the mind the vastness of the universe and the diversity of its constituents. By this Dhyana the aspirant realises his own position in the universe. These four types of Dhyana serve twofold purpose namely, that of suspicious reflection and self-meditation; i.e. they supply the material for the intellect and offer inspiration to the self for meditation, Though they do not seem to suggest any process of meditation, their subject-matter is such as to evoke active interest for nothing but self-realisation through self-meditation. Thus Dharmadhyana is meditation as well as reflection, the latter may pass into the former and the former may lapse into the latter. In other words, the four kinds of Dhyana are reflective when intellectual thinking is witnessed, and they are meditative when the mind attains stability in respect of them. The best kind of Dharma-dhyana is to meditate upon the self by fixing one's mind in it after renouncing all other thoughts 170 Sukla-dhyana Dharma-dhyana which has so far been expounded prepares a suitable ground and atmosphere for ascending the loftiest spiritual heights. It claims to have swept away every iota of inauspicious dispositions from the mind of the aspirant. The Yogi has achieved self-mastery to the full, and has developed a unique taste for the accomplishment of that something which is unique. The Yogi, having brushed aside the unsteadiness of his mind now resorts to Sukla Dhyana (Pure Dhyana) which is so called because of its origination after the destruction or subsidence of the filth of passions.171 Not all Yogis are capable of performing this type of Dhyana. Only those who are possessing bodies of the best order can have all the four types of Sukla-dhyana. 172 Of the four types173 of Sukla-dhyana, namely, Pothaktva-vitarka-vicara, Ekatva-vitarka-avicara, Suksmakriyapratipatin, and Vyuparatakriyanivartin, the first two occur up to the twelfth Gunasthana with the help of conceptual thinking based on scriptural knowledge, and the last two crown the omniscient where conceptural activity of the mind abates to the last.174 To dwell upon these types, the first type (Pethaktva-vitarka-vicara) is associated with Psthaktva, Vitarka and Vicara, i.e. with manyness, scriptural knowledge, and transition from one aspect of entity to another, for example, substance to modifications and vice versa, from one verbal symbol to another, and from one kind of Yoga (activity) to another.175 In the second type (Ekatva-vitarka-avicara) Vicara is absent, consequently oneness displaces manyness. The mind x 2 .688 HIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII) Jain EdutriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiIIIIIIIITU TIVEferon IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII Dattro liiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII.iiiiiii
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 56 shortens its field of concentration to the effect that the Yogi meditates upon one substance, an atom, or a modification of substance with the assistance of only one kind of Yoga.176 Hence the second type of Dhyana is associated with Vitarka and Ekatva, i.e. with scriptural knowledge and oneness. With the performance of this second type of Dhyana the Yogi reduces to ashes the four types of obscuring (Ghatin) Karmas. In consequence, the Yogi experiences infinite intuition, knowledge, bliss, and energy.177 Thus the state of Jivanmukti is attained. The omniscient occupies himself with the third type of Sukla-dhyana (Suksamakriyapratipatin) when an Antarmuhurta remains in final emanciparion.178 After establishing himself in gross bodily activity, he makes the activities of mind and speech subtle.179 Then after renouncing the bodily activity, he fixes himself in the activities of mind and speech, and makes the gross bodily activity subtle.160 Afterwards mental and vocal activities are stopped in and only subtle activity of body is left. In the last type of Sukla-dhyana (Vyuparatakriyanivartin) even the subtle activity of body is stopped. The soul now becomes devoid of mental, vocal and physical vibrations, and immediately after the time taken to pronounce five syllables it attains disembodied liberation. 182 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND WORKS Amita. Srava Amitagati-Sravakacara (Anantakirti Digambara Jaina, Granthamala, Bombay). Anaga. Dharma Anagaradharmamsta of Asadhara (Khusalacanda Gandhi, Solapur) Bhaga. Ara Bhagavati-Aradhana (Sakharama Nemacanda Digambara Jaina Grantha mala, Solapur) Istopa Istopadesa of Pujyapada (Rayacandra Jaina Sastramala, Bombay) Jnana Jnanarnava of Subhacandra (Rayacandra Jaina Sastramala, Bombay) Karti Kartikeyanupreksa (Rayacandra Jaina Sastramala, Bombay) Mula Mulacara of Vattakera (Aanantakirti Digambara Jaina Granthamala, Bombay) Prava Parvacanasara of Kundakunda (Rayacandra Jaina Sastramala, Bombay) Rajava ... Rajavartika of Aklanka (Bharatiya Jnana Pitha, Kasi) Sat Vol VIII & XIII ... Satkhandagama of Puspadanta and Bhutabati (Jaina Sahitya Uddharaka fund Karyalaya, Amraot) Sarvartha Sarvarthasiddhi of Pujyapada (Bharatiya Jnana Pitha, Kasi) Svayamabhu Svayamabhustotra of Samantabhadra (Viraseva Mandira, Sarasava) T. Su Tattvarthasutra of Umasvati under the title Sarvarthasiddhi (Bhartiya Jnana Pitha, Kasi) Uttara Uttaradhyayana (Sacred Books of the east Vol. XLV). Yoga of the saints by Dr. V. H. Date (Popular Book Depot, Bombay-7) ... Yogasara of yogindu (Rayacandra Jaina Sastramala, Bombay, along with Paramatmapreksina) History of Jaina Monachism by S. B. Deo. (Deeran College, Poona) * * ** ** ** * ** * 888888 III IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII iiiiiIIIIIIIIIIIII Jain Edoti D IIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII! iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii i is a serie ii III. Iiiii.
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________________ ** 60 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha Jain Education int 111 1. T. Su. IX. 2. 2. T. Su. IX. 3. T. Su. IX. 8. 3. 4. Uttara. 2. 5. T. Su. IX. 9; Uttara. 2. 6. Sarvartha. IX. 9, Uttara. 2. 7. Sarvartha. IX. 9. 8. Uttara 2/12,13. 9. Sat. Vol. XIII-P. 55; Anaga. Dharma VII-2. REFERENCES 10. Sarvartha. P. 439 Sat. Vol. XIII. P. 54; Anaga. Dharma. VII-6, Uttara. 30/7 11. Sarvartha. P. 439 12. Sat. Vol. XIII-P. 59; Anaga. Dharma. VII-6. 13. T. Su. IX. 19; Bhaga. Ara. 208; Mula. 346. 14. Uttara. 30/8. 15. Mula. 347; Uttara. 30/9; Bhaga. Ara.209. 16. Sarvartha. P. 438. 17. Sat. Vol. VIII-P. 55. 18. Morsel consists of 1000 rice grains. (Anaga Dharma. VII-22) Sat. Vol. XIIIP. 56. 19. Mula. 350; Bhaga. Ara. 211, 212; Anaga. Dharma. VII-22; Uttara. 30/15; Sat. Vol. XIII-P. 56. 20. Mula. 351: Anaga. Dharma. VII-22. 21. The Uttaradhyayana calls it Bhiksacari. "It consisted of imposing certain restrictions upon one-self regarding the mode of begging or the nature of the donor, or the quality of food or the way in which food was offered. (history of Jaina Monachism P. 188). 22. Mula. 355; Karti. 443; Anaga. Dharma, VII-26; Bhaga. Ara. 218 to 221; Sat. Vol. XIII-P. 57. *** ** 25. Sarvartha. P. 438. 26. The Uttaradhyayana calls it Sanlinata. "It implies the choice of lonely place of stay devoid of women, enunuchs and animals. (Uttara. 30/28). 27. Sarvartha. P. 438, Karti. 445, 447; Acarasara. VI. 15, 16; Mula, 357; Bhaga. Ara. 228; Sat. Vol. XIII-P. 58. 28. Mula. 356; Sarvartha. IX-19; Uttara. 30/27; Acarasara. VI-19, Karti. 448; Sat. Vol. XIII-P. 58; Bhaga Ara. 222 to 227. 29. Sarvartha. IX-19. 30. Mula. 358; Bhaga. Ara. 236. 31. Svayambhu. 83. 32. T. Su. IX-20; Mula. 360; Uttara 30/30, Acarasara. VI. 21. 33. Sarvartha. IX.20; Mula. 361; Sat. Vol. XIII-P. 69. 34. Karti; 452. 35. Mula. 362; Sat. Vol. XIII-P. 60. Acarasara. VI-23, 24. 36. T. Su. IX-22. 37. Sarvartha. IX-22; Rajava. IX-22/2. (1) To express faults by providing the Guru with certain necessary things, and serving him in various ways in order to arouse sympathy in his mind so that he might give him less Prayascitta, is known as Akampita Dosa.1 (2) To reveal transgressions after expressing one'a diseased condition and inferring Guru's attitude for less punishment is Anumanita Dosa.2 (3-4-5) To manifest only open faults, great faults and minor ones is respectively called Drasta and Badara and Suksma Dosa.3 23. Sarvarthi. P. 438. 24. Mula. 352; Uttara 30/26; Bhaga. Ara. 215; Sat. Vol. XIII-P. 57. 1. Bhaga. Ara. 563. 2. Ibid. 570 to 573. 3. Ibid. 574, 577, 582. 4. Ibid. 586. (6) To ask the Guru regarding the Prayascitta of certain faults and then to express his own ones is called Channa Dosa.4 *** ***** rary.org
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________________ 19:41 (7-8) To express faults indistinctly amidst 50. Mula. 364; Bhaga. Ara. 112; Acarasara. loud voice and to doubt and ask others VI. 70; Anaga. Dharma. VII. 64. regarding the authenticity of Prayas- 51. T. Su. IX. 23. citta given by the Guru is respectively 52. Mula. 365; Bhaga. Ara. 114. called Sabdakulita' and Bhaujana 53. Mula. 366, 585. Procha Doga. 54. Mula. 368; Sarvartha. IX. 23. (9-10) To express one's faults before the 55. Mula. 369; Bhaga. Ara. 115. other person who is devoid of know- 56. Mula. 371; Bhaga. Ara. 117. ledge and conduct and to except 57. Mula. 373 to 375, 382; Bhaga. Ara. 119 Prayascitta from a saint who is likewise to 122. a defaulter is respectively called 58. Mula. 377, 378, 383; Bhaga. Ara. 123, Avyakta, and Tatsevi Dosa. The 124. monk expresses his transgression to 59. Mula. 379, 383; Bhaga. Ara. 125. the Guru in a secluded place, whereas 60. Mula. 384; Bhaga. Ara. 127. the nun expresses in presence of three 61. Mula. 391, 392; Sarvartha. IX. 24. persons. 62. Sarvartha. IX. 24. 38. Anaga. Dharma. VII-47; Acarasara. VI. 63. Sarvartha. IX. 25; Rajava. IX. 25. 41; Sat. Vol. XIII-P. 60. 64. Ibid. 39. Anaga. Dharma. VII-48; Acarasara. VI. 65. Ibid. 42; Sarvartha. IX-22; Sat Vol. XIII-P. 60. 66. Ibid. 40. Anaga. Dharma. VII. 49, 50, Acarasara. 67. Ibid. VI. 43, 44; Sat. Vol. XIII-P. 60. 68. Yoga of the saint. P. 66. 41. Sarvartha. IX. 22. 69. Mula. 267, 268. 42. Sarvartha. IX. 22; Acarasara. VI. 46; Anaga. 70. Mula. 410, 969. Dharma. VII. 52; Sat, Vol. XIII. P. 61. 71. Ibid. 971. 43. Sarvartha. IX. 22; Acarasara. VI. 57; 72. Prava. 1-86. Anaga. Dharma. VII. 54; Sat. Vol. XIII. 73. Sarvartha. IX. 25. P. 61. 74. Rajava IX. 25. 44. Anaga. Dharma. VII, 55; Acarasara. 75. Amita. Srava. XIII-83. VI. 48; Sat. Vol. XIII-P. 62. 76. Prava-III. 32. 45. Sarvartha. IX. 22. 77. Amita. Srava. XIII. 88. 46. Anaga. Dharma. VII. 57; Acarasara. VI. 78. Mula. 409, 970. 65; Sat. Vol. XIII-P. 63. 79. Yoga of the Saints P. 64. 47. Sat. Vol. XIII-P. 63; Acarasara. VI. 69; 80. Ibid. 65. Anaga. Dharma. VII. 60. Uttara 30/32. 81. Mula. 406; Sarvartha. IX. 26. 48. Mula. 385; Bhaga. Ara. 128; Anaga. 82. Mula. 407. Dharma. VIII. 62. 83. Rajava. IX-27/26. 49. Mula. 386 to 388; Bhaga. Ara. 129 to 84. Rajava. IX-27/10 to 15. 85. Sat. Vol. XIII-P. 64. 131. 1. Ibid. 591. 2. Ibid. 596. 3. Ibid. 599. 4. Ibid. 603. 5. Rajava. 9/22. Anagaradharmamsta, Acarasara and Rajavartika express these faults in a similar way. * * * *** * * * * 208 . Jain Lou 11.IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII i iiiiiiiiiiiiii IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII!!!!!!!!!!!! iT U I IIIIIIIIIIII . . . . . . .. .ora
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________________ 62 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha 86. Karti. 468. 87. Sarvartha. IX-28. 88. Istopa. 20. 89. Jnana. III. 27, 28. 90. Ibid. XXV. 17. 91. Karti. 469; T. Su. IX-28. 92. T. Su. IX-29. 93. Sarvartha. IX-29. 94. Tattvanusasana. 34, 220. 95. Sarvartha. IX. 28. 96. Jnana. XXV. 37. T. Su, IX. 30 to 33. 97. T. Su. IX. 30; Karti. 471; Jnana. XXV-28. 98. Jnana. XXV. 27; Karti. 471. 99, T. Su. IX. 31; Jnana. XXV. 31; Karti. 472. 100. T. Su. IX. 32; Jnana. XXV. 32. 101. Jnana. XXV-36. 102. Sarvaratha. IX-33. 103. Jnana. XXV-41. 104. Jnana. XXV-40, 42; Rajava IX-33. 105. Jnana. XXV-39, T. Su. IX-34. 106. Jnana. XXV-4, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15; Karti. 473. 107. Jnana. XXVI-16, 17, 18, 20, 22; Karti. 125. Jnana. XXVIII-21. 126. Jnana. XXVIII-22. 127. Jnana. XXVIII-38 to 40. 128. Jnana. XXVIII-32. 129. Jnana. XXIV-2. 130. Jnana. XXIV-11, 12. 131. Jnana. XXIV-13. 132. Jnana. XXX-9. 133. Jnana. XXX-6. 134. Jnana. XXX-3. 135. Jnana. XXX-13. 136. Jnana. XXXI-12. 137. Jnana. XXXI-13, 14. 138. Jnana. XXXI-17. 139. Jnana. XXXI-18, 19 140. Jnana. XXXI-20 to 24 141. Jnana. XXXI-37. 142. Jnana. XXXI-38. 143. Jnana. XXXI-42. 144. Jnana. XXXII-10. 145. Jnana. XXXII-60. 146. Jnana. XXXII-61. 147. Jnana. XXXII-42, 148. Jnana. XXXVII-1. 149. Yogasara. 98. 150. Jnana. XXXVII-2. 151. Jnana. XXXVII-4 to 9. 152. Jnana. XXXVII. 10 to 19. 153. Jnana. XXXVII. 20 to 23. 154. Jnana. XXXVII. 24 to 27. 155. Jnana. XXXVII. 28 to 30. 156. Jnana. XXXVII-31. 157. Jnana. XXXVIII-1. 158. Jnana. XXXVIX-1 to 8. 159. Jnana. XXXIX-42, 43. 160. Jnana. XL-16. 161. Karti. 476. 162. T. Su. IX-36. 163. Sarvartha. IX-36. 164. Sarvartha. IX-36. 165. Sarvartha. IX-36. 166. Mula. 400. 167. Mula. 11. 168. Sarvartha. IX-36; Mula. 401. 169. Sarvartha. IX-36. 170. Karti. 480. 171. Jnana. XLII-3, 6. 172. Jnana. XLII-5. 173. T. Su. IX-39. 174. Jnana. XLII-7, 8. 175. Jnana. XLII-13, 15 to 17. 176. Jnana. XLII-27. 177. Jnana. XLII-29. 178. Jnana. XLII-41. 179. Ibid. 48. 180. Idld.49. 181. Ibid. 50. 182. Ibid. 58, 59. 473. 108. Jnana. XXVI-24; Karti. 474. 109. Jnana. XXVI-29; Karti. 474. 110. T. Su. IX-36. 111. Sarvartha. IX-36. 112. Ibid. 113. Karti. 469, Jnana. XXVI-43; Rajava. IX-35/4. 114. Jnana. IV-6. XXVII-3. 115. Jnana. IV-17. 116. Jnana. XXII-19. 117. Jnana. XXII-20. 118. Jnana. XXII-24. 119. Jnana. XXVII-4. 120. Jnana. XXVII-18. 121. Jnana. XXVII-23 to 33. 122. Jnana. XXVIII-1. 123. Jnana. XXVIII-2 to 7. 124. Jnana. XXVIII-12. Jain Education Interational
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________________ T.G. Kalghatgi M.A., Ph.D. Reader in Philosophy, Karnatak University, Dharwar. NATURE OF DIVINITY IN JAINA PHILOSOPHY 1. Introduction : Religion, as a way of life and not merely as an institution, has been natural to man. It is man's reaction to the totality of things as he apprehends it. It implies an interpretation of nature and the meaning of the universe. It seeks to go beyond the veil of visible things and finds an inexhaustible fund of spiritual power to help him in life's struggle. And the presence of God gave strength for man in his struggle in life. The ways of God to man and man to God have been rich and varied. It may be, as Prof. Leuba pointed out, that fear was the first of the emotions to become organised in human life, and out of this fear God was born. Perhaps love and gratitude are just as natural, as much integral parts of the constitution of man, as fear; and Gods were friendly beings. It is still possible that men have looked at Gods with a living sense of kinship and not with the vague fear of the unknown powers. We do not know. But one thing is certain that in higher religions fear is sublimated by love into an adoring reverence. From the fear of the Lord in The Old Testament to the worship of God 'with Godly fear and awe' is not a far cry. In the Vedic period, we find a movement of thought from polytheism to monotheism and then to monism. The poetic souls contemplated the beauties of nature and the Indo-Iranian Gods, like Deus, Varuna, Usas and Mitra were products of this age. Other Gods like Indra were created to meet the needs of the social and political adjustments. Many Gods were created; many Gods were worshipped. Then a weariness towards the many Gods began to be felt as they did dot know to what God they should offer oblations. Then a theistic conception of God as a creator of the universe was developed out of this struggle for the search for a divine being. In ancient Greece, Xenophanes was against the polytheism of his time. Socrates had to drink hemelock as he was charged of denying the national Gods. He distinguished between many Gods and the one God who is the creator of the universe. II. The Jaina arguments against God : But the Jainas were against Gods in general and even the God as creator. They presented several arguments against the theistic conception of God. They deny the existence of a *** *** *** *** *** Luvut TIIT Lain Jain E IIIIIIII T IIII!!! iiiiiiiiiiiiii IIIII! 0 9118OIIIIIIII ! !! ! ! ! !! !!!! a f rary.org IIIIIIIIIIIIIIiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiii
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________________ * * 64 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti - prantha Creator God and refute the theistic arguments of the Naiyayikas. The Naiyayika argument that the world is of the nature of an effect created by an intelligent agent who is God (Isvara) cannot be accepted because : 1. I is difficult to understand the nature of the world as an effect as : (a) if effect is to mean that which is made of parts (Savayava) then even space is to be regarded as effect; 4. Jain Education Intrizio (b) if it means coherence of a cause of a thing which was previously non-existent, in that case one cannot speak of the world as effect as atoms are eternal. (c) if it means that which is liable to change, then God would also be liable to change and he would need a creator to create him and another and so on ad infinitum. This leads to infinite regress. 2. Even supposing that the world as a whole is an effect and needs a cause, the cause need not be an intelligent one as God because : (a) if he is intelligent as the human being is, then he would be full of imperfections, as human intelligence is not perfect; (b) if his intelligence is not of the type of human intelligence but similar to it, then it would not guarantee inference of the existence of God on similarity, as we cannot infer the existence of fire on the ground of seeing steam which is similar to smoke; 3. If an agent had created the world, he must have a body. For, we have never seen an intelligent agent without a body. If a God is to produce intelligence and will, this is also not possible without an embodied intelligence." Even supposing a non-embodied being were to create the world by his intelligence, will and activity, there must be some motivation : (c) we are led to vicious circle of argument if we can say that the world is such that we have a sense that some one made it, as we have to infer the sense from the fact of being created by God. (a) if the motive is just a personal whim, then there would be no natural law or order in the world; (b) if it is according to the moral actions of men, then he is goverened by moral order and is not independent; (c) if it through mercy, there should have been a perfect world full of happiness; (b) if men are to suffer by the effects of past actions (adrsta) then the 'adrsta' would take the place of God. But, if God were to create the world without any motive but only for sport it would be a 'motiveless malignity'." 5. God's omnipresence and omniscience cannot also be accepted, because : (a) if he is everywhere, he absorbs into himself everything into his own self, leaving nothing to exist outside him; (b) his omniscience would make him experience hell, as he would know everything and his knowledge would be direct experience." * *** ** *** *** www.tenegrary.org
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 65 6. It is not possible to accept the Naiyyayika contention that without the supposition of God, the variety of the world would be inexplicable, because we can very well posit other alternatives like (i) the existence of the natural order and (ii) a society of Gods to explain the universe. But if a society of Gods were to quarrel and fall out as it is sometimes contended, then the nature of Gods would be quite so unreliable, if not vicious, that we cannot expect elementary co-operation that we find in ants and bees. The best way, therefore, is to dispense with God altogether. We find similar objections against the acceptance of a theistic God, in Buddhism also. The Buddha was opposed to the conception of lsvara as a creator of the universe. If world were to be thus created, there should be no change nor destruction, nor sorrow nor calamity. If Isvara were to act with a purpose, he would not be perfect and that would limit his perfection. But if he were to act without a purpose his actions would be meaningless like a child's play. There is nothing superior to the law of karma. The sufferings of the world are intelligible only on the basis of the law of karma. Though the Buddha admits the existence of the Gods like Indra and Varuna, they are also involved in the wheel of Samsara.10 We have, so far, seen that the Jainas, so also the Buddhists, were against the theistic conception of God. God as a creator is not necessary to explain the universe. We have not to seek God there in the world outside, nor is God to be found in the dark lonely corner of a temple with doors all shut'. He is there within us. He is there with the tiller tilling the ground and the 'pathmaker breaking stones', in the sense that each individual soul is to be considered as God, as he is essentially divine in nature. Each soul when it is perfect is God. III. The Juina Conception of Soul : The Jainas sought the divine in man and established the essential divinity of man. This conception has been developed in specific directions in Jaina philosophy. The existence of the soul is persupposition in the Jaina philosophy. Proofs are not necessary. If there are any proofs we can say that all the pramanas can establish the existence of the soul. It is described from the phenomenal and the noumenal points of view. From the phenomenal point of view, it possesses pranas; is the lord (prabhu), doer (karta), enjoyer (bhokta), limited to his body (dehamatra), still incorporeal and is ordinarily found with karma 11 From the noumenal point of view, soul is described in its sure form. It is pure and perfect. It is pure consciousness. It is unbound, untouched and no other than itself. We may also say that from this point of view it is characterised by upayoga which is a hormic force. The joys and sorrow's that the soul experiences are due to the fruits of karma which it accumulates due to the incessent activity that it is having. This entanglement is beginningless, but it has an end. The deliverance of the soul from the wheel of samsara is possible by voluntary means. By the moral and spiritual efforts involving samvara and nirjara, karma accumulated in the soul is removed. When all karma is removed, the soul becomes pure and perfect, free from the wheel of samsara. Being free, with its upward motion it attains liberation or moksa. Pure and perfect souls live in eternal bliss in the Siddhasila in the 'alokakasa'. . . III. BLES TI 11IIIIIIIIII iiiiiiiiii ! ! ! !!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!111 II iiiiiii ii Jain I . FO
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________________ 66 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha They are the perfect beings. There is nothing other which is as perfect. There is no other God. The freed souls are divine in nature, as they are perfect and omniscient. For the Jaina it is not necessary to surrender to any higher being nor to ask for any divine favour for the individual to reach the highest goal of perfection. There is no place for divine grace, nor is one to depend on the capricious whims of a superior deity for the sake of attaining the highest ideal. There is emphasis on individual efforts in the moral and spiritual struggle for self-realization. One has to go through the fourteen stages of spiritual struggle before one reaches the final goal in the ayoga kevali stage. These stages are the gunasthanas. IV. However, the struggle for perfection is long and ardous. Few reached perfection; and perhaps, as tradition would say, none would become perfect in this age. Among those who have reached omniscience and perfection are the tirthankaras, the prophets, who have been the beacon lights of Jaina religion and culture. They have preached the truth and have helped men to cross the ocean of this worldly existence. They led men, like kindly light, to the path of spiritual progress. Therefore, they need to be worshipped. The Jainas worship the tirthankaras not because they are Gods, nor because they are powerful in any other way, but because they are human, and yet divine, as every one is divine in his essential nature. The worship of the tirthankaras is to remind us that they are to be kept as odeals before us in our journey to self-realization. No favours are to be sought by means of worship; nor are they compentent to bestow favours on the devotees. The main motive of worship of the tirthankaras, therefore, is to emulate the example of the perfect beings, if possible, atleast to remind us that the way to perfection lies in the way they have shown us. Even this worship of tirthankaras arose out of the exigencies of social and religious existence and survival and possibly as a psychological necessity. We find a few temples of Gandhiji today, perhaps, there would be many more. The Buddha has been deified. Apart from the worship of tirthankaras, we find a pantheon of Gods who are worshipped and from whom favours are sought. The cult of the 'yaksini' worship and of other attendant Gods may be cited as examples. This type of worship is often attended by the occult practices and the tantric and mantric ceremonialism. Dr. P.B. Desai shows that in Tamilnad Yaksini was allotted an independent status and raised to a superior position which was almost equal to that of the Jaina. In some instances, the worship of Yaksini appears to have superseded even that of Jina.12 Padmavati, Yaksini of Parsvanath, has been elevated to the status of a superior deity with all the ceremonial worship in Pombuccapura in Mysore area. These forms of worship must have arisen out of the contact with other competing faiths and with the purpose of popularising the Jaina faith in the context of the social and religious competition. The cult of Jwalamalini with its tantric accompanishments may be mentioned as another example of this motivation. The promulgator of this cult was, perhaps, Helacarya of Ponnur. According to the prevailing belief at that time, mastery over spells and mantravidya was considered as a qualification for superiority. The Jaina acaryas claimed to be master mantravadins.13 Jainism had to compete with the other Hindu creeds. Yaksi form of worship must have been introduced in order to attract the common men towards Jainism, by appealing to the popular forms of worship. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 67 However, such forms of worship are foreign to the Jaina religion. They do not form an organic and constituent features of the Jaina worship. The course of religion had to encounter many conflicting tendencies. Some of the tendencies have been absorbed and assimilated in the struggle for existence and survival. We may, here, refer to the inconceivable changes the Buddhist forms of worship have undergone in the various countries of the world, like the tantric forms of worship in Tibetan Lamaism. We have still some Gods in Jaina cosmogony. They are the 'devas' the Gods living in heavens like the 'bhavanavasi', 'vyantaravasi', jyotisvasi', and 'kalpavasi'. But they are not really Gods in the sense of superior divine beings. They are just more fortunate beings than men because of their accumulated good karma. They enjoy better empirical existence than men. But we, humans, can pride ourselves in that the 'Gods' in these worlds cannot reach moksa unless they are reborn as human beings.14 They are not objects of worship. V. Struggle for perfection is a necessary factor in life. Sorrow and imperfection are a flavour to the sauce. They are necessary for onward journey in the spiritual struggle. The efforts of self-realization will have meaning only when this world becomes a vale of soul making and the life a real fight in which something is eternally gained.16 Life is to be considered as a struggle towards perfection, and not merely an amusing pantomime of infallible marrionettes. We should realise that 'man is not complete, he is yet to be'. In what he is, he is small. He is hungering for something which is more than what he can get. In this struggle for perfection man need not depend on God or any superior being for favours, for he 'rolls as impotently as you or I'. Man has to depend on his own self-effort. The Jaina attitude is melioristic. Tagore writes, "In the midst of our home and our work, the prayer rises 'Lead me across'. For here rolls the sea, and even here lies the other shore waiting to be reached."16 REFERENCES 1. Smith (U.R.): Religion of the Semites, pp. 55. 2. D. Miall Edwards : The Philosophy of Religion, pp. 61. 3. Kasmai devaya havisam vidyema'. 4. Gunaratna : Tarka-rahasya dipika. 5. Syadvadamanjari of Mallisena with Hemacandra's Anyayoga-Vyavaccheda-Duatrimvisika Edt : Dhruva A. B. Introduction. 6. Ibid. 6. 7. Gunaratna: Tarka-rahasya-dipika. 8. Gunaratna : Saddarsana-samuccaya, pp. 114. Asvaghosa's Buddhacarita gives a detailed description of the topic. Dialogues of Buddha. Also refer to Syadvada Manjari for similar view. 10. Ibid. 11. Pancastikayasara, pp. 27 and Samayasara pp. 124. 12. Desai (P. B.) : Jainism in South India, (1957), pp. 72. 13. Ibid. pp. 74. 14. Tiloya Pannati gives a detailed description of the three worlds. 15. William James : The will to believe (1889), pp. 61. 16. Tagore (R): Sadhana : The Realization of the Infinite. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ Miss Ruth M. Weil University of Wisconsin, U.S.A. THE NON-VIOLENCE OF MAHATMA GANDHI & GITA The life of Mahatma Gandhi (1870-1948), the great architect of the contemporary social and political India, the saint, philosopher, politician and religious reformer, truly can be viewed as an expression of India's cultural heritage. Unlike many contemporary western philosophers, who are sidetracked by the concept of "historical relativism", Gandhi sought the eternal truths, a search which seems to have occupied Indian seers and philosophers throughout recorded history. Gandhi said: "I do not claim to have originated any new principle or doctrine. I have simply tried in my own way to apply the eternal truths to our daily life and problems".1 Of all the written sources which attempt to reflect these truths, Gandhi held the Bible, the Koran and the Bhagavadgita in highest esteem. Although he recited quotations from all three of these at his evening prayers, he was probably most deeply influenced by the Gita. There is no doubt that Gandhi interpreted the teachings of the Gita in his own way, trying to prove that its philosophy of life supported his creed of non-violence. But that the Gita served as his guide at hundreds of moments of doubt and difficulty is evidenced by such words as : "I am a devotee of the Gita and a firm believer in the inexorable law of karma. Even the least little tripping or stumbling is not without its cause and I have wondered why one who has tried to follow the Gita in thought, word and deed should have any ailment.. The fact that any event or incident should disturb my mental equilibrium, in spite of my serious efforts, means not that the Gita ideal is defective but that my devotion to it is defective. The Gita ideal is true for all time..."? It is evident that Gandhi made earnest efforts to follow the ideal of a sthitaprajna, as expressed in the Bhagavadgita. He was undisturbed in the midst of disturbed conditions, maintaining his balance of mind when others had lost it. When India was torn with communal riots and the hatred between Hindu and Muslim was causing the merciless massacre of hundreds of thousands of innocent people, Gandhi preached love and brotherhood, and underwent a fast unto death until peace was restored in the capital of India. Even when his assasin appeared at his evening prayers, Gandhi maintained the calm and composure of a sthitaprajna. Instead of attempting to escape or to retaliate, he folded his hands, uttered the name of God three times and smilingly embraced death. The Gita says of the sthitaprajna : "He whose mind is untroubled in the midst of sorrows and is free from eager desire amid pleasure, he from whom passion, fear and rage have passed away-he is called a sage of settled intelligence." (2:56) * * * ** * ** * * III 11111111111111111111 Jain Educat ioIIIIIII iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII il
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________________ a 14 : EUR "This is the divine state, O Partha; having attained thereto, one is not again bewildered; fixed in that state at the hour of death one can attain to the bliss of God." (2:72) Gandhi had an unshakable belief in God, a belief he held throughout his life. If we analyze his utterances about his theistic ideas, we reach the conclusion that his notion of, and faith in, God was partly borrowed from the Bhagavadgita, though his ethics based on this kind of metaphysics was his own interpretation. While defining God, Gandhi wrote: "To me God is Truth and Love; God is ethics and morality; God is fearlessness. God is the source of Light and Life and yet He is above and beyond all these. God is conscience. He is even the atheism of the atheist. For in His boundless love God permits the atheist to live. He is the searcher of hearts. He transcends speech and reason...He is a personal God to those who need His personal presence. He is embodied to those who need His touch. He is the purest essence. He simply is to those who have faith. He is all things to all men. He is in us and yet above and beyond us". In the Gita Truth and fearlessness are inseparable--the very purpose of the Gita was to shatter Arjuna's illusions about the nature of reality and thus enable him to act righteously, without doubt or fear. God in the Gita is clearly the source of life (3:10; 10:20) and yet transcends life as we know it-the realm of Prakriti, in which multiplicity and tension among the gunas prevail. Of God 'the searcher of hearts' and 'the source of Light', Krishna, speaking as the Cosmic Person, says: "IO Arjuna, am the self seated in the hearts of all creatures.. of the lights (I am) the radiant sun; of the stars I am the moon". (10:20-21) As the disagreement among scholars testifies, the God of the Gita can be all things to all men. The Gita ultimately accords no essential difference, or superiority in status, between the indescribable, eternal, unitive Brahman, and the Lord who takes a human form to guide all that exists in the realm of differentiation. From a purely scholastic point of view, the concept of a personal God is incompatible with the second sophisticated metaphysics. Similarly, the scholar cannot reconcile the role alloted to the ritualistic and liturgical Vedas (though indeed it is a small role), or the presence of three "separate" paths to God in the Gita. But the iconoclastic spirit is foreign to Hinduism, for the sage knows that if the God search is sincere, no expression of this search is without some value and no guideposts without some function. In addition, the reality of the Divine does not lend itself to direct verbal communication. For these reasons Krishna says: "Let no one who knows the whole unsettle the minds of the ignorant who know only a part." (3:29) Though the metaphysics of the Gita is not pure Monism, it certainly holds the unchanging, unitive Self to be the source of all existence. It is noteworthy that Gandhi made an attempt to define God in his own way by adhering to a more pluralistic view of reality, saying: "I talk of God as I believe Him to be, creative as well as non-creative. This is the result of my acceptance of the doctrine of the manyness of reality...He is one and yet many. Of the immanence of God he would say: "There is an indefinable mysterious Power that pervades everything. I feel it, though I do not see it. It is this unseen Power which makes itself felt and yet defies all proof, because it is so unlike all that I perceive through my senses. It transcends the senses... I dimly perceive that while everything around me is ever changing, ever dying, there is 1IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII! IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII.. S IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII.... . www. brary.org Jain Edi
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________________ 70 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha underlying all that change a living power that is changeless, that holds all together, that creates, dissolves and recreates. That informing power or spirit is God". But Gandhi was never willing to define the whole in terms of its parts. The transcendence of God was just as clear as His immanence to Gandhi, as we shall see when wed iscuss the relation of Gandhi's ethics to the Bhagavadgita. The final point to note regarding the relationship between the Gita and Gandhi's theistic views is that he accepted the theory of avatara, or the periodic self-incarnation of God, as expressed in the Gita (15:7), and used the Gita's words, "Whenever there is a decline of righteousness and a rise of unrighteousness...I create myself incarnate" (4:7), to support his optimistic view about the vindication of truth? In the ultimate analysis of Gandhi's theistic views, we find an optimism born of intuition and firm conviction, an optimism which prompted him to say of the 'informing power or spirit which is God : "I see it is purely benevolent. For I can see that in the midst of death life persists, in the midst of untruth truth persists, in the midst of darkness light persists. Hence I gather that God is Life, Truth, Light. He is Love. He is the Supreme Good" Gandhi's philosophy of life rested greatly upon the Bhagavadgita, which he interpreted allegorically : "The Gita is not a historical discourse. A physical illustration is often needed to drive home a spiritual truth. It is the description not of war between cousins but between the two natures in us-the Good and the Evil. I regard Duryodhana and his party as the baser impulses in man, and Arjuna and his party as the higher impulses. The field of battle is our own body. An eternal bettle is going on between the two camps, and the Poet seer vivdly describes it. Krishna is the Dweller within, every whispering to a pure heart." Being a fighter for the independence of his country and in the midst of the social and political life of India, Gandhi was bound to be influenced by the efficacy of the Karma Yoga, which enjoins every individual to act without desire for the fruit of the action performed. But Gandhi wisely added : "The renunciation of fruit in no way means indifference to the result. In regard to every action one must know the result that is expected to follow, and the means thereto, and the capacity for it. He, who being thus equipped is without desire for the result and yet wholly engrossed in the due fulfillment of the task before him is said to have renounced the fruits of his action.'.10 It sounds self contradictory to say that a man may be without desire for the result, and may yet be wholly engrossed in the due fulfillment of the task before him. Gandhi tries to explain it only theoretically, although he said that his own life was a practical experiment with truth. He was intensely concerned with the justification of the means to the end, and thus speaks of the 'renunciation of fruit' in this manner : "He who is ever brooding over result often loses nerve in the performance of his duty. He becomes impatient and gives vent to anger and begins to do unworthy things; he jumps from action to action never remaining faithful to any. He who broods over results is like a man given to objects of senses; he is ever distracted, he says good bye to all X X * * * * * * * * * * * ** *, -O 1111!!1111111111111 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII!! Jain PengiiiiiiiiiiiiiiIIIIIIillorO u de IIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII.. IIIIIIIII ! ! ! ! ! ! Rory.org
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 1 ********** scruples, everything is right in his estimation and he therefore resorts to means fair and foul to attain his end."11 Gandhi was convinced that this path of unselfish, dedicated action commanded by the Gita teaches us to follow truth and ahimsa (non-violence). His entire ethic of non-violence, as the force of love, on which he based his political philosophy of satyagraha, or the protest of truth, was based on his understanding of the Gita, as well as on his optimistic view of the nature of God and the world. He freely admits that the Gita was not written to establish ahimsa but implies that the omission of the emphasis on ahimsa was due to the fact that ahimsa was "an accepted and primary duty even before the Gita age."2 In Gandhi's words: "The message of the Gita is to be found in the second chapter of the Gita where Krishna speaks of the balanced state of mind, of mental equipoise. In 19 verses at the close of the 2nd chapter of the Gita, Krishna explains how this state can be achieved. It can be achieved, he tells us, after killing all your passions. It is not possible to kill your brother after having killed all your passions. I should like to see that man dealing death-who has no passions, who is indifferent to pleasure and pain, who is undisturbed by the storms that trouble mortal man."13 Though often convincing and eloquent, Gandhi's defence of ahimsa in the Gita, nevertheless, met formidable criticism and opposition. Thus he qualified his defence of ahimsa in the Gita in this manner : "When the Gita was written, although people believed in ahimsa, wars were not only not taboo, but nobody observed the contradiction between them and ahimsa...Let it be granted, that according to the letter of the Gita it is possible to say that warfare is consistent with renunciation of fruit. But after forty year's unremitting endeavour fully to enforce the teaching of the Gita in my own life, I have, in all humility, felt that perfect renunciation is impossible without perfect observance of ahimsa in every shape and form." When Gandhi defends his ethics of non-voilence, the emphatic difference in his mind between the transcendent, omnipotent God, or even the avatar, the human Divinity, and the mortal man, becomes clearer. Speaking of Krishna, he says: "My Krishna is the Lord of the Universe, the creator, preserver and destroyer of us all. He may destroy, because He creates."14 Of the avatar, Gandhi comments: "According to the verse [ 4:8 of the Gita ) it is God the All-knowing who descends to the earth to punish the wicked. I may be pardoned if I refuse to regard every revolutionary as an all-knowing God or an avatara."15 Commenting on the verse in the Gita which says: "He who is free from all sense of "I', whose motive is untainted, slays not nor is bound, even though he slays all these worlds," Gandhi emphatically states : "If we believe in Krishna to be God, we must impute to Him omniscience and omnipotence. Such an one can surely destroy. But we are puny mortals ever erring and ever revising our views and opinions. We may not without coming to grief, ape Krishna, the inspirer of the Gita."16 And again he says; "Truth excludes the use of violence, because man is not capable of knowing the Absolute Truth and therefore not competent to punish. God alone is competent."17 Wherever it is possible, Gandhi draws upon the Gita in support of his ethic. While speaking ** * * * IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII aindiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII WITTTTIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII i iiiii Iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiterary.org
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________________ 72 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha of the law of karma, or its equivalent--this verse, for example: "In whatever way men resort to Me, even so do I render to them." (4:11) -- he said : "If it be true that God metes out the same measure to us that we mete out to others, it follows that, it we would escape condign punishment, we may not return anger for anger but gentleness against anger."18 The varnashrama dharma, as found in the Gita, was an integral part of Gandhi's socioindividual ethic. Though his insistence on the necessary role of varna was misinterpreted and misused by the social reactionary, it is true that his understanding of varna is the weakest spot of his whole philosophy. Gandhi's life and words are proof that he believed implicity that all men were born equal. His acceptance of the classical fourfold division of varna was based on a functional division for service and, in his eyes, unrelated to status. The basis of varna in the Gita, gunas and works, Gandhi interprets not solely as the character and ability with which one is born, but makes one's varna synonymous with the varna into which one is born : "The law of varna is nothing, if not by birth."20 Thus Gandhi interpreted varna as 'the following on the part of us all of the hereditary and traditional calling of our forefathers, in so far as the traditional calling is not inconsistent with fundamental ethics, and this only for the purpose of earning one's livelihood."21 Gandhi explained the importance of varno on the grounds that the humble acceptance of one's father's profession easily ensured one's livelihood, and by thus minimizing the energies used to create material wealth varna maximized one's energies for "spiritual pursuits". 22 Though admitting that qualities attached to varna can be acquired, he said: "We need not, ought not, to seek new avenues for gaining wealth. We should be satisfied with those we have inherited from our forefathers so long as they are pure.'23 Gandhi's interpretation of varna, in my humble opinion, does not correspond to that of the Gita, but rather reflects an unseemly obeisance to the bequest of the past. Varna in the Gita is not a tribal, but an occupational division, and one's varna does not necessarily correspond to the varna into which one is born.?! Gandhi's emphasis on self-denial and the minimization of one's material needs was undoubtedly partially generated by his mission to minimize the suffering of the people. The role Gandhi chose to play was a difficult one; the distinction between religious and political motives is not always clear. Any other criticisms of Gandhi's understanding of the Gita must center around his allegorical interpretation of the Gita. In my opinion the peculiar setting of the Gita defies mere allegorical interpretation. Unlike the Upanishads which are dialogues between a forest dweller and an aspirant, the Bhagavadgita's message is occasioned by a moral, spiritual, intellectual, emotional and conative crisis in the life of a warrior, a man of action. The setting and resolution of the problem emphasizes the intersection of the timeless with time, and marks a distinct shift from Upanishadic speculative philosophy to practical religion. If the Kauravas are not solely the lower impulses in man, and the battlefield not merely man's body, then we must conclude that the Gita accepts warfare, if the battle is a necessary one and demanded by a * * ** * ** * * * * *** * * * Jan IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIID BERG IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII!rarv. !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!Iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii!!! !!! !rary.org
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 73 clear violation of the laws of justice,25 and that the duty of a soldier is to be considered divine, even though that duty involves killing. Gandhi's arguments in support of his ethic, based on his understanding of the Gita, are very convincing. His life is a testament to the sincerity of this understanding of the Gita. The Gita's message is still a moot question, and the ethics of the Gita has been understood differently by different commentators. The diversity of interpretation is possible because the philosophy of the Gita is not a system, but rather there is "a wide, undulating, encircling movement of ideas which is the manifestation of a vast synthetic mind and a rich synthetic experience."26 Though Gandhi's understanding of the Gita is simply another interpretation, it can be considered a legitimate one. There is no doubt that it is an appealing one. BIBLIOGRAPHY "Bhagavadgita," A Source Book in Indian Philosophy, edited by Radhakrishnan, Sarvepalli, and Moore, Charles A., Princeton University Press, New Jersey, 1957. Bhave, Vinoba, Talks on the Gita, Macmillan Company, New York, 1960. Desai, Mahadev, The Gita According to Gandhi, Navajivan Publishing House, Ahmedabad, 1946. Fischer, Louis, Gandhi, His, Life and Message for the World, New York American Library (Signet Key Book), 1951. Gandhi, Mohandas Karamchand, Hiudu Dharma, Navajivan Publishing House, Ahmedabad, 1950. Jones, Marc Edmund, Gandhi Lives, David McKay Company, Philadelphia, 1948. Radhakrishnan, Sarvepalli, The Hindu View of Life, Macmillan Company, New York, 1962. Sarma, D. S., The Gandhi Sutras : The Basic Teachings of Mahatma Gandhi, Devin-Adair Company, New York, 1949. REFERENCES 1. M. K. Gandhi, Hindu Dharma, p. 3. 2. Ibid., p. 171. 3. "Young India," 5-3-25, quoted in M. K. Gandhi, Hindu Dharma, p. 61. Radhakrishnan says so beautifully: "Those who have seen the radiant vision of the Divine protest against the exaggerated importance attached to outward forms. They speak a language which unites all worshippers as surely as the dogmas of the doctors divide. The true seer is gifted with a universality of outlook, and a certain sensitiveness to the impulses and emotions which dominate the rich and varied human nature. He whose consciousness is anchored in God cannot deny any expression of life as utterly erroneous. He is convinced of the inexhaustibility of the nature of God and the infinite number of its possible manifestations." The Hindu View of Life, p. 27. 5. M. K. Gandhi, Hindu Dharma, p. 63. 6. Ibid., p. 64. ** * * * * *** ** * ** * TTT IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 6:19 BOO91.IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIiiiiiiiiiiBilibrary.org iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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________________ 74 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha 17. 7. Cf. the Commentary by Gandhi on this verse, in The Gita According to Gandhi, by Mahadev Desai, p. 196. 8. M. K. Gandhi, Hindu Dharma, p. 65. 9. Mahadev Desai, The Gita According to Gandhi, p. 136. 10. Ibid., p. 131. 11. Mahadev Desai, The Gita According to Gandhi, p. 132. 12. Ibid., p. 132. 13. M. K. Gandhi, Hindu Dharma, p. 179. 14. Mahadev Desai, The Gita According to Gandhi, p. 196. 15. Ibid., p. 197. 16. Ibid., p. 369. Ibid., p. 369. 18. Ibid., p. 198. 19. Cf. M. K. Gandhi, Hindu Dharma, p. 360. 20. M. K. Gandhi, Hindu Dharma, p. 370. 21. Ibid., p. 362. 22. Ibid., p. 368. 23. Ibid., p. 369. At this same site, the following conversation is recorded : o. Do you not find a man exhibiting qualities opposed to his family character ? A. That is a difficult question. We do not know all our antecedents. But you and I do not need to go deeper into this question for understanding the law of varna as I have endeavoured to explain to you. If my father is a trader and I exhibit the qualities of a soldier, I may without reward serve my country as a soldier but must be content to earn my bread by trading. 24. Due to lack of space the conclusion I have reached after examining this question is stated without elaboration. However, this conclusion has been reached after an honest consideration of varna in the Gita, and could be substantiated if time permitted. The historical circumstances, explained in the Mahabharata, leading to the battle clearly meet these qualifications. 26. Sri Aurobindo, Essays on the Gita, (first series), p. 9. dia 25.
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________________ Dr. J. C. Sikdar M.A., Ph.D., Research Officer, L.D. Institute of Indology, Ahmedabad. SOME ASPECTS OF JAIN PSYCHOLOGY AS REVEALED IN THE BHAGAVATI SUTRA Psychology is one of the necessary aspects of Philosophy, as it is the scientific study of soulthe central theme of knowledge. It is the whole scheme of experience which helps one understand the problem of being and matter. It throws light upon the nature of life, the truth of which is pursued by the modern Psychologists. The problem is very subtle to be explained, for there is a self-distinct bodily structure which is the basis of Psychology as revealed in the incidental evidences furnished by the Bhagavati Sutra. In the evolution of life and the Universe as reflected in this canonical work there are found two traditions, viz. atom tradition (Paramanu) and self-tradition (atma), i.e. materialistic and spiritualistic. Matter and soul are eternal substances and they exist mutually bound together in the Universe. "Athi nam bhamte jiva ya poggala ya annamannabaddha annamannaputtha...annamannaghadattae...citthai". It is explained that Upayoga (consciousness or application) is the attribute of the soul which is the most fundamental characteristic of it. "Gunao uvayogagune."* "Uvayoge lakkhane nam jive". There are stated to be two kinds of Upayoga (consciousness), viz. Sakaropayoga (determinate consciousness) and anakaropayoga (indeterminate consciousness). "Sagarovaoge ya anagaroaoge". Sakaropayoga (determinate consciousness) is Jnana (knowledge) and anakaropayoga (indeterminate consciousness) is Darsana (self-awareness). "Sagare senane bhavai anagare se damsane bhavai". Darsana is self-awareness, while Jnana is the comprehension of externai objects of the nature of the universal-cum-particulars, as the application of the psychic process comes in the forms Darsana and Jnana. It is revealed in the light of life and nature that the soul exhibits itself the state of being (i.e. manifests itself) by its own self. "Jive ayabhavenam uvadamseti".? The same view on the principle of Upayoga (consciousness) is explained in the Dhavala Tikas thus that the consciousness of the soul is called 'Cit' which is revealed in the forms of bahirmukha-cit (external consciousness) and antarmukha-cit (internal consciousness), i.e. knowledge and self-awareness. It is the principle of psycho-physical activities that all reactions of the soul are conditioned by the body, as it is the dual form, i.e. psycho-physical structure, according to the theory as * *** * ** * ** ** IIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII.ii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII Jain Education Intemational iiiiiiii www.ainelibrary.org
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________________ 76 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha embodied in the Bhagavati Sutra which takes into consideration the noumenal and phenomenal aspects of beings, viz. pranas (eternal force or beings), indriyas (sens2-organs), bala (strength), virya (energy, i.e.) mind-thought--force, speech (vak) and body (kaya-vocal and bodily activities), ayus (span of life) and anaprana (breathing or life-expanding). According to the principles as laid down in this canonical work there are two aspects of the psycho-physical activity, viz. natural (visrasa) or pure and applied (prayoga). The latter is the delusion-deviation from its normal position, when all activities are not in pure form, i.e. it is delusive transformation. Thus there are two kinds of transformation of the psychic process, viz. Raga (attachment or feeling of attachment) and Devsa (dislike or aversion). "Siddhimajjhe nihanahi ya ragadosamalle tavena." These are the two fundamental tendencies in Jain Psychology as revealed in the Bhagavati Sutra. The soul wants to maintain "I", whatever is conducive to its preservation (or identity) is liked by it and what is not helpful to it is disliked by it. Raga and Dvesa are divided into four Kasayas (decoction), i.e. passions, viz. krodha (anger), mana (pride), maya (deceitfulness) and lobha (greed).10 These four Kasayas have been discussed in the Kasaya Pahudam (Pejjadosavihatti) from the points of view of different kinds of Nayas (logic). It is explained that Pejja and Dosa are called Kasayas because the characteristics of these two are to destroy the state of soul (Jivabhava), i.e. caritradharma. "Pejjadosa (sa) be vi-jivabhavavinasanalakkhanattedo Kasaya nama."11 Raga (attachment) originates from Pejja and Dvesa from dosa.12 According to the Naigama and Samgraha Nayas krodha (anger) and mana (pride) are dosa, and maya (deceitfulness) and lobha (greed) are pejja. "Negamasamgahanam koho doso, mano doso, maya pejja, loho pejja" 13 Krodha (anger) and mana (pride) are dosa because they are accompanied by pain, and a man loses his conscience when he is under their control as a result of which evil consequences follow. Maya is pejja because its support is the dear object of living, after the attainment of which pleasure arises in one's mind. Thus lobha (greed) also is pejja, because it is the cause of satisfaction and pleasure after the attainment of his dear objects.14 From the points of view of Vavahara Naya krodha (anger), mana (pride), and maya (deceitfulness) are dosa and lobha (greed) is pejja (dear). "Vavaharanayassa koho doso, mano doso, maya doso, loha pejjam".15 Here it is explained that there lie the causes of disbelief and the public censure in the act of deceitfulness done by one. The act which becomes censured cannot be dear to one, because pain is always born out of the public censure. Lobha (greed) is pejja (dear), because life can happily be passed with enjoyable things saved by lobha (greed), i.e. out of greediness. According to the Rju Sutra Naya Krodha is dosa, mana is no-dosa and no-pejja and lobha is pejja. "Ujusudassa koho doso, mano no-doso, no-pejjam, maya no-doso no-pejjam, loho pejjam" 16 * *** * * * *** 8609 1IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII lain EHUU...LIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII wanailITIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIity
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 77 It is further explained that mana (pride) and maya (deceitfulness) are no-doso, because these two kasayas are not the causes of bodily pain, etc., but they originate directly from krodha (anger) born out of mana (pride) and from lobha (greed) arising from maya (deceitfulness) respectively. Similarly mana (pride) and maya (deceitfulness) are also no-pejja, because pleasure is not found to be caused by them. From the point of view of Sabda Naya Krodha (anger), mana (pride), maya (deceitfulness) and lobha (greed) are dosa; the first three are no-pejja, but lobha (greed) is somewhat pejja. "Saddassa koho doso, mano doso, maya doso, loho doso/Koho mano maya no-pejja, loho siya pejjam"? The four kasayas-krodha (anger), mana (pride) maya (deceitfulness) and lobha (greed) are dosa, because they are the causes of the influx of eight karmas, viz. jnanavaraniya (knowledgeobscuring karma) upto antaraya karma (energy hindering karma) and those of dosa in this world and the next. "Koho-mana-maya-loha cattari vi doso; atthakammasavattado, ihaparaloya-visesadosa karanattado."18 One destroys love by krodha (anger), kills modesty by mana (pride), loses faith by Sathya (deceitfulness) and lobha destroys all his qualities. "Krodhat pritivinasam manadvinayopa-ghatamapnoti. Sathyat pratyayahanim sarvaguna-vinasako lobhah". 19 The first three kasayas--krodha (anger), mana (pride), and maya (deceitfulness) are no-pejja, because one does not get satisfaction and great pleasure from them.20 Lobha (greed) is somewhat pejja, because the attainment of heaven and liberation is found as a result of lobha (temptation or greed) regarding the achievement of the three jems, viz. Samyagdarsana (right attitude of mind), Samyag-Jnana (right knowledge) and samyag--caritra (right conduct). "Loho siya pejja, tirayanasahanavisaya lohado saggapavagganamuppattidamsanado.''21 The psychological development is quantitative, if one goes inward, there is the natural psychology; if he goes outward, he reaches the natural manifestation, i.e. instinct. This instinct needs stimulus from the outside world (i.e. psycho-physical), as it is revealed in the psychophysical phenomena according to the conditions of the soul (lesyas). Soul is studied and classified from eight points of view, viz. substance (dravya), passion (kasaya), activity (yoga), consciousness (upayoga), knowledge (jnana), self-awareness (darsana). conduct (caritra) and enesgy (virya). Accordingly there are stated to be eight kinds of soul, viz. dravyatma (soul existing in matter), kasayatma (soul having passion), yogatma (soul endowed with activity), upayogatma (soul endowed with consciousness), jnanatma (soul endowed with knowledge), darsanatma (soul endowed with self-awareness), caritratma (soul in conduct) and viryatma (soul endowed with energy),22 as they are the different forms of manifestation of the soul. There exists psychologically a mutual relation, among these eight kinds of soul, for they are inter-related as the different aspects of one substance, namely, the soul. For example, he who has dravyatma has in some respect kasayatma and he does not have it in other respect. But he who is endowed with kasayatma, has invariably dravyatma.23 * * * * IIIIIIIIII IIIIIIII iiiiiiiiii Jain Education international IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII iii i1 IIIIIII iii1IIIIIIIIIIIIii 1 IIIIIIIII IIIIIIIII! IIIIIIIII
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________________ 78 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha The study of these outlines of psychology reveals that the soul endowed with its inherent attribute--consciousness (upayega) is the central theme of Jaina Psychology as embodied in the Bhagavati Sutra. Physical Basis of Mental Life Psychology of a being, particularly human being, originates with the birth of a child in the mother's womb in the process of transformation of its psycho-physical matters. Thus it is explained in this canonical work that a being may be born in its mother's womb with five sense-organs (saimdie) and mind (animdie) at the same time, because with regard to the configuration and constituting matters of the physical sense-organs (dravyendriyani) a psychicsensed being (aninidriya---a being having a physical mind) is born, while with regard to the faculty of cognition, i.e. psychical mind (bhavendriya), a sensed--being (saindriya), i.e. a being possessed of physical sense organs, is born. A dualism between mind and body is revealed here. "Siya saimdie vakkamai, siya animdie vakkamai... davvaimdiyaim paducca animdie vakkamai bhavimdiyaim paducca saindie vakkamai.''21 While being born in the womb, (gabbham vakkamamane) a jiva (soul) is corporeal from the point of view of fiery (taijasa) and karmic bodies; it is incorporeal from that of the gross physical-, transformation, and translocation-bodies, while from that of fiery (luminous) and karmic bodies, a bodied being is born. "Oraliya-veuvviya-aharayaim paducca asariri va Teyakamma o pa o sasao vakka o".25 It is further explained that when the mother sleeps, wakes up and becomes happy or unhappy, the child, born in her womb, also does and feels the same things. "Jive...gabbhagae samane...maue suyamanie suvai jagaramanic jagarai suhiyae suhie bhavai duhiyae duhie bhavai.''26 According to the Bhagavati Sutra there are stated to be five kinds of bodies, viz. gross-physical body (audarika-Sarira), transformation-body (vaikriyika-sarira), transformation-body (aharakasarira), fiery-body (taijasa-sarira), and karmic body (karmana-sarira), five sense-organs, viz. ear, nose, eye, tongue and skin, and three kinds of activity, viz. mental, vocal and bodily activities.27 This canonical work throws some light upon the outer and inner structures of the five sense organs and sensation created by the outside stimulus received through them. Thus it is explained that the shape of the ear is like that of a kalamba-puspa (kadambo-flower), those of the eye, nose, tongue and skin are like those masura camda (lentil), atimuttaga camda (a kind of shrub), khurupa (khurpa--the weeding and mulcling agricultural implement) and nana (the skin of nana--a kind of bulbous plant) respectively. all these five sense-organs are individually an innumerableth part of on anglula by thickness (bahalla), while the ear is an innumerableth part by width (pohatta); thus upto that of the eye and nose; the tongue is one angula (finger) by width (pohatta); and the skin is equal to the extent of the body. These five sense-organs, are endowed with infinite points (anantapradesikas) and innumerable extensions (asamkhyeya pradesavagadha). The least of all these is the eye. * * * * * * * ** * * * * IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIiiiiiii TROTEIIIIII IIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIII IIIIIII b Jain ETUI rary.org
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 76 The description of the shapes and structures of these five sense-organs as given here agrees with that of their actual anatomical shapes and structures, studied and exhibited by the modern medical science, e.g. the ear is constituted of three parts, external ear (or auricle), the middle ear or tympanum and the internal ear or labyrinth. The middle ear with its drum covered with fine vibrating hairs, resembles the kadamba flower. Sensation and Modes of Sense organs : Sensation in the human brain is caused by the stimulus of the five sense-objects (indriya visaya), received from outside, when the sense-organs come into contact with them. This process involves the factors of discrimination, assimilation, association and localization of the sense-objects and leads to preceptual knowledge. Thus it is explained that the ear hears the touched and entered sounds into it, the eye sees the touched and entered objects i.e. the images of objects reflected on the retina of the eye); the nose smells the touched and entered smells; the tongue tastes the touched and entered objects; and the skin experiences the touches of the touched and entered objects. "Putthaim saddaim suneti...... Pavitthaim saddaim suneti......taba pavitthanivi."0 The power of the ear to hear a sound is in the minimum an innumerableth part of an angula (finger) and in the maximum it can hear sound from a distance of twelve yojanas; that of the eye is in the minimum an immunerableth part of an angula and in the miximum it can see an object lying at a distance of seven thousand yojanas; that of the nose is in the minimum an innumerableth part of an angula and in the maximum it can smell matter from a distance of nine yojanas. Thus the accounts of the minimum and maximum powers of the tongue and the skin should be known. The principles of the theory of sensation as embodied herein agree with those of the modern psychology to a great extent. For example, it is explained therein that the sensation of sound is created in the brain, when sound waves, being converged by the outer ear, strike upon, the outer membrance of the ear-drum and make it vibrate and the vibrations are transmitted to the auditory nerve through the chain of bones, the inner membrance and the-contents of the labyrinth. Next, the disturbance of vibration is carried by the auditory nerve to the brain, causing finally the sensation of sounds. Sense-Perception : It is explained in the Bhagavati Sutra that when senses are applied to the sense-objects, the following psychological facts are involved in this process of perceptual knowledge (abhinibodhika jnana) or sense-perception, viz. avagraha (perceptual judgement of generality of object), i.e. there is something (objectivity), iha (desire to know or speculation), avaya (determination) and dharana (retention or memorv).32 According to the modern psychology sensations caused by the stimulus of the five sense-objects lead to perceptual knowledge or sense-perception which is the result of the process of interpreting a sensation by differentiating it form the unlike sensation and absorbing it into the like by recalling to mind other connecting sensations and finally objectifying and localizing the whole aggregate of real and revived sensations backed by a belief in the real existence of the object. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Jain E ! nii LOUIIII III IIIIIII i iii D ary.org
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________________ 80 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha Memory and Imagination Memory and imagination involve the process of tha (speculation or mental desire to know), apoha (exclusion), maggana and gavesana (searching and fathoming) by thought, transformation of thought, conditions of soul and annihilation-cum-subsidence of knowledge-obscuring karma.33 In the process of memory the images of the past sensible experiences accompanied by a belief are revived and recognized by an individual, i.e. having familiarity of characteristics of images, as it is evidenced in the case of Devananda,34 the Brahmani that she recognized in Lord Mahavira her former son. Thought (Cinta or mental activity) The process of mental activity (manayoga) is thought which is inter-connected with memory and imagination of the past events, objects, etc. and the imagination of the present and future acivities of life, as the mind acts and reacts to new objects of thought at every moment. Mind is matter (manadravya) and it is associated with the spiritual beings.96 Its activities are the passing phases of matter. Mind, when operating is mind (mane manijjamanemane) and it breaks forth, while operating (monijjamne mane bhijjati),36 Mind is studied and classified into four kinds according to the relative objects of activity, viz. satya (true), mithya (false), satayamrga (true-cum-false), asatya-mrsa (untrue-cum-false), i.e. mind is related to true object, false object, true-cum-false object and untrue-cum-false object. Thus mind is the organ of apprehension of all sense-objects and knowledge (sarvartha-grahanam manah).87 while thought which implies comprehension is abstract representative mental activity involving snalysis in the form of obstraction and synthesis in that of comparison and expressing itself through speech or language. Dream The Bhagavati Sutra throws a welcome light upon the principles of dream by explaining five kinds of dream-visions, viz. yathatathya, pratana, cintasvapna, tadviparita and avyaktadarsana. "Ahatacce payane cimtasuvine tavvivarie avvatta-damsane". 38 The first one is the dream-vision in accordance with truth or reality; the second one is ramified dream-vision (i.e. diffused) the third one is the dream-vision according to the thought in the waking state; the fourth one is the dream-vision opposite to realities, i.e. actualities; and the fifth one is the indistinct inexpressible dream-vision. It is further explained that sleeping-cum-waking man experiences a dream-vision, but a sleeping or waking man does not behold it. The self-controlled, not-self-controlled and the self-controlled-cum not-self-controlled men also experience dream-vision in that state of sleeping-cum-waking. There are seventy-two kinds of dream of which thirty are great dream, while fourty-two are ordinary ones." These broad principles of dream as embodied in the Bhagavati Sutra touch upon all the combined theories on dream propounded by Dr. Freud, Jung, Adler and other scholars. According to Dr. Freud dream is the fulfilment of the repressed desire which does not peaceably leave the organism but sinks to a level of unconscious state in which it is still active and apt to appear in the disguised and symbolic ways. Abnormal worry, queer idea hunting a nervous * * * * ** * * * ** * *** * * * Jain Education Intematon !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!rary.org
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 81 person, 'hysterical' paralysis, or blindness, etc., sometimes are the effects of this disguise. In the case of a normal man a dream is the main venue of repressed desires which do not present themselves even in dreams in their true shape and colour but come up in the garb of an innocent appearing symbolism. So all dreams whether adult or child are the fulfilments of repressed desires. 41 Adler2 holds the view that a dream is not the revival and reappearance of the suppressed will of the distant past but a rehearsal for some impending action of an individual man to perform, and it reveals his characteristic mode of dealing with his new problems. Jung 42 thinks that a dream is associated with the present difficulties of an individual and shows his unconscious attitude of mind towards the proplem of his life. According to the theory of dream as explained in the Bhagavati Sutra, the yathatathya and Cinta-svapnas (dreams) agree with those of the theories propounded by Adler and Jung, as they are the results of the process of the thoughts to deal with the future and present problems of life. The pratana, tadviparita and avyaktadasana svapna (dreams) touch upon the theory of Dr. Freud, as they are associated with some desires repressed by thought and they appear in some garbs of symbolism. From this analysis it may be defined that "dream whether awake or asleep is a free, passive, incoherent and constructive inagination often due to recent experience. But it is an imagination confound with perception".14 Belief or Attitude of Mind (Drsti) 45 Attitude of mind or belief is the central theme of the process of thought, for the whole intellectual operation is based on it and reasoning. Epistemology and metaphysies and the doctrine of religion rotate round the 'attitude of mind on the view of which stands the whole philosophical approach to the problem of life and nature. Attitude (drsti) is characherized by truth (samyktva) or falsehood (mithyatva in regard to the objects of thought. Thus it is endowed with the union of the intellectual, emotional and conational elements and is interrelated with knowledge (Ditthidamsana-nanamana-sanna). Vedana (feeling in genaral) 46 Vedana (feeling) is relatively subjective and passive state of consiousness manifesting itself into the form of pleasure, or pain, or pleasure-cum-pain (Sata or asata or satasata vendana),47 happiness, or suffering, or happiness-cum-suffering (sukha, or duhkha, or sukha-duhkha). Happiness, unhappiness and happiness-cum-unhappiness are eternal.48 Sense-feeling As a result of sensation accompanied by simple fealing of pleasure or pain there takes the sense-feeling which is congnitive and affective. In can be divided into two kinds, viz. organic feeling and special sense-feeling. This canonical work mentions ten kinds of feeling (vedana); viz. cold, warm, hunger, thirst, itching (kandu), servility (parajjham) fever (jvara), burning sensation (daha), fear (bhaya) and sorrow (sogam). The feeling of hunger, thirst, burning sensation (daha), fever, itching, fear *** *** *** *** *** Jain Edecat
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________________ 82 : muni zrIhajAromala smRti-grantha and sorrow come under the category of the organic feeling, as they are connected with the discordant working of internal organs, while the feeling of cold and warmth belong to the special sense-feeling, for they are related to touch. Besides these, thered are state to be other sense-feelings of hearing, smell, taste and touch, because even the jiva (Soul or being), born in the mother's womb, transforms five colours, five tastes, two smells and eight touches. 51 Desire and Gratification of Desire (Kamabhoga) The Bhagavati Sutra throws a welcome light upon the psycho-physical aspects of desire (Kama) and gratification of desire (bhoga). Kamas, (desires) and bhogas (gratification of desire) are explained on the principal of the psycho-physical phenomena thus that they are corporeal (rupi) and endowed with both consciousness, and unconciousness because they are of the beings (sacittavi kama acittavi kama, acittavi bhoga).53 They are stated to be two kinds of kama (desire), viz. sound (sabda) and object of beauty (rupa), while bhoga (gratification of desire) is of three kinds viz. smell, taste and touch (gandha, rasa and sparsa) as they involve the mental and physical enjoyments respectively. Emotion An emotion is a complex feeling of mental agitation, usually tinged with pleasure or pain, that is aroused by ideas or perceptions and attended with its characteristic bodily expression, and also reinforced by the organic sensations arising from it. "It is the experience of behaving in a certain way"54 As already explained in the beginning there are two transformations of the psychic process, viz. Raga (feeling of attachment and Dosa (Dvesa dislike or aversion). Raga and Dvese are divided into four Kasayas, i.e. passions, viz. krodha (anger) mana (pride), maya (deceitfulness) and lobha (greed). This analysis shows the emergence of emotions in the form of passions and quasi-passions, appearing in different degrees due to the rise of karma. Passion is correlated to colour which is associated with feeling, because there is the material colour of the karmic matter of the body, e.g. the karma-pudgalas (karmic matters) of these four kinds of passions are endowed with five colours, five tastes, two smells and four touches. "Aha bharate khoe...............Goyama. Pancavanne pancarase dugandhe cauphase pannatte............mane............maya............ lobhe............jaheva kohe".56 "Pejje does............jaheva kohe taheva cauphase."57 Four Passions Krodha (Anger) Krodha is the self-expression aggravating the mind; the first repulsive reation of it is resistance and resentment to any attempt from outside to flout it. Mana Mana is the consciousness of self-respect to measure the self to maintain dignity, and to show itself distinct from others, i.e. self-maintenance. Maya Maya is the expression of the inner self, self-display, self-expression, and self-exhibition, and * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * !!!!!!!!!!::::::::::::::::::::!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! IIIIIIIIIIIIiiiiiiiiiiiiii 1 IIIIIIII
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________________ THET : 53 it attracts something to have. The self wants to express its nature and magnitude, but it is obstructed, so it takes the course of deceitfulness. Lobha Lobha tries to appropriate everything. The divisions of these four kinds of passions into different stages according to their degrees of intensity throw light upon their respective characteristics with the psycho-physical phenomena. Thus it is explained that there are stated to be different types of krodha (anger), manifesting themeselves into the following forms, viz. anger, krodh), morbidness or irritation or wrath (kopa), fury (rosa), hatred (dvesa), unforgiveness (aksama), flaming up with the fire of anger (samjvalana), quarrel (kalaha), violence bearing the appearance of Rudra of wroth (candika), fighting with sticks (bhandana), dispute (or contest) vivada or revilling each other with abusive words. Mana is of twelve kinds, viz. pride (mana), hilarity (mada), haughtiness (or conceit) (darpa) arrogance (thambhe ananmrata), pretension (garva), superiority complex (atyutkarsa), reviling others (paraparivada), boasting (utkarsa), self-conceit or infamy (apakarsa), self-ego (unnama) due to abhimana and unbending property or attitude of mind (dunnama) due to abhimana. Maya (deceitfnlness) manifests itself into the following forms, viz. deceitfulness (maya), fraud (upadhi), dishonesty (nikstih), cunningness or artfulness (valayam), imperviousness (hard to be understood) (gahana), basest work for deceiving others (numa) hypocrisy (kalkam), ugly form of deceitfulness (kurupa), crookedness (jimha), guilt (kilvisa) act of showing regard for deceiving others (adaranata), secrecy (gudhanata), cheating or deception (vancanata), refutation of the said word with simplicity (pratikuncanata), and mixing up of inferior thing (satiyoga). There stated to be the following kinds of lobha (greed), manifesting themselves into the forms of greed (lobha), desire (iccha), infatution (murcha), longing (kamksa), attachment to the acquired wealth (glddhi), thirst for wealth (trsna), firm contemplation on wealth (bhijjhabhidhya), unsteady (or unfirm) contemplation on wealth (abhijjha-abhidhya), hope (asasanaya), begging for wealth to other (prarthanata), soliciticg again and again (talappanata), hope for obtaining sweet sound and object of beauty (sabda rupa praptisambhavana, i.e. psychical gratification of desire), hope for obtaining smell, taste and touch (bhogasa) (gandhadiprapti sambha - vana, i.e. physical gratification of desire), hope for living (or life) (jivitasa), hope for attaining death (maranasa), and attachment to own property or joy in it after its attainment (nandiraga). Leasya (condition of soul) 58 As already pointed out in the beginning the psychological phenomena mainfest themselves in to six conditions of soul in different degrees, viz. krsna (black), nila (blue), kapota (grey), teja (red), padma (lotus) and sukla (white). They are the names to represent the conditions of the soul as if six persons want to enjoy the fruits of a tree (i.e. nature of feeling). The black are those who are cruel-hearted and kill living beings by voilating the vow of non-injury (ahimsa), the first of the five great vows of religion. The blue are those who are engrossed in their passion or sex-intinct or greed and transgreess the fourth and fifth vows, i.e continence and non-possession. The grey are those who are deceitful and stealing other things, violating the third vow of non-stealing (adinnadana). The red (teja) are those who try to control themselves to observe the religion, i.e. the lay worshippers. The lotus (or yellow) ones are firm in controlling them, couco IIIIIIII Jain Edt IIIIIIIIIIIIII iiiiiiiiiiii 11 ICE gora isiji 1111111111 iiiIII . bary.org
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________________ ******$$$ 84 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha i.e. the professional mendicants, while the white (sukla) are those who have attained absolute self-control, Jinakelpa like Lord Mahavira himself,50 Jain Education The division of mankind into six classes on the basis of possession of these six lesyas (conditions of soul) is found in both the Bhagavati Sutra and the Uttaradhyayana Sutra.co The system of spiritual colour of Jainism as revealed in the Bhagavati Sutra is the division of the psychic development of man and his virtue.61 The six kinds of lesyas have been studied from different aspects, such as, colour, smell, taste touch, transformation, etc. e.g. krsna lesya is stated to be of cloud colour, of bitter taste like that Nimba, etc. Instinct (Samjna) Instinct is the natural manifestation of a being which is caused by the stimulus received from the outside world of sensation according to conditions of soul. It involves an interlinked chain of actions directed to some definite and remote end conducive to self-preservation, etc. According to the Bhagavati Sutra" there are stated to be ten kinds of instinct (samjna), viz. aharasamjna) (instinct of eating), bhayasamjna (fear instincl), maithuna (sex-instinct), parigrahasamjna (possessing-instinct or appropriating instinct), krodha-samjna (instinct of anger), manasnmjna (pride-instinct) maya-samjna (instinct of deceitfulness), lodha-samjna (instinct of greed), (self-loka-samjna (consciousness of knowledge of particular objects) and ogha-samjna awareness of general objects), i.e. the lobha-samjna arises from the social behaviourism and the ogha-samjna emerges from the stream (ogha-pravaha) of innate disposition (past samskara). "Loka samjna tu jaanopayoga-ogha samjna darsanopayoga"," Here Darsana) (self-awareness) is the precondition to knowledge, as it is the awareness of the mind ready with all attention to a positive object revealing the general condition of the self. It appears from the study of these ten instincts that there were formerly four kinds of instinct and six more were added to the list of the original four with the subsequent development of Psychology. These ten instincts are closely related to emotions, as it is evidenced in the case of fear, anger, pride, deceitfulness, and greed. This classification of instinct into ten categories agrees with that of the modern psychology as advocated by the scholar like Mc. Dougall who has defined "an instinct as an innate disposition which determines the organism to perceive (or to pay attention to) any object of certain class and to experince in its presence a certain emotional excitement and an impulse to action which find expression in a specific mode of behaviour in relation to that object". Thus he has made the analysis of instinct into three division-receptive, emotional and executive, i.e. thinking, feeling and willing respectively. According to his theory there are fourteen kinds of instinct including laughter which belongs to human beings. viz. (1) Parental or protective Instinct (as that of a mother ape), (2) Instinct of combat (the mother will fight in defence of her young), (3) Instinct of curiosity, (4) Foodseeking Instinct, (5) Instinct of Repulsion or (disgust), (6) Instinct of escape from danger), (7) Gregarian Instinct, (8) Instinct of self-assertion, (9) Instinct of submission, (10) Mating ** *** * * elbringorg
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 85 Instinct, (11) Acquisitive Instinct, (12) Constructive Instinct, (13) Instinct of Appeal and (14) Instinct of laughter. The first four instincts of the Bhagavati Sutra, viz. ahara (food), bhaya (fear), maithuna (sexual inter-course) and parigraha (possession), and lobha (greed) are the same as the foodseeking instinct, the escaping instinct, the mating instinct and the acquistitive instinct respectively, while krodha samjna (anger) and mana-samjna (pride)and maya-samjna (deceitfulness) correspond to the instinct of combat and the instinct of repulsion, the instinct of self-assertion, the instinct of submission and the protective instinct respectively. The remaining instincts defined by Mc. Dougall come under the category of Loka-sarjna and Ogha-samjna. The scheme of instinct as laid down in the Bhagavati Sutra appears to be more sound than that of Mc. Dougall, because some instincts, such as, instinct of repulsion, parental instinct, instinct of submission and instinct of appeal are not found among all beings (or animals). Conation The process of thought and feeling leads to will or action owing to the presence of Karmamatter in the corporate body. They manifest themselves into the form of mental, vocal and physical activities of various kinds. Thus the activity of soul is three-fold consisting of thoughts, words and deeds produced by the process of the mind, the organ of speech and body respectively. So there are stated to be three kinds of activities (yogas) of soul, viz. mana-yoga (mental activity), vak-yoga (vocal activity), physical activity' (kayayoga), for all reactions of the soul are conditioned by the psycho-physical structure. Three kinds of activities have been divided into fifteen groups according to the nature of realities, viz. satya-manayoga (mental activity relating to true thing), (2) mrsaman-yoga (mental activity relating to false or, (untrue or unreal thing), (3) satya-mesamana-yoga (mental activity-relating to partly real (true) and partly untrue (unreal) thing, (4) asatya-mtsa-manayoga (mental activity relating to untrue (unreal-cum-false thing i.e. neiher true nor untrue thing) which is outside the sphere of true and untrue, (5) satya-vak-yoga (vocal activity relating to true i.e. real object), (6) mrsa-vak-yoga (vocal activity relating to worng or false or unreal or untrue object), (7) satya-mesa-vak-yoga (vocal activity relating to true (real) and false (wrong object), (8) asatya-mesa-vak-yoga (vocal activity relating to untrue and false (wrong) object, (9) audarila-sarira-kaya-yoga (activity of gross-physical body, (10) audarika-misra sarira-kaya-yoga (activity of the physical body mixed with the activity of the karmana-body, (11) vaikriya-sarira-kaya-yoga (activity of the transformation-body), (12) vaikriya-misra-kayayoga (activity of transformation-body mixed with that of the kamana-body or that of the audarika-body) (13) aharaka-sarira-kaya-yoga (activity of the translocation-body, (14) aharakamisra-sarira-kaya-yoga (activity of the translocations body mixed with that of the physical body), and (15) karmana-sarira-kaya-yoga (activity of karmana-body). The study of these principles of the psycho-physical activities brings to light the noumenal and phenomenal aspects of beings, which form the basis of Jaina Phychology as revealed in the Bhagavati Sutra. * * * * * * * * IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII: IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii II.IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIPPUREIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIVV .org Jain Educa Jain Educar t i
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________________ 5 : gta saha tafa- REFERENCES 1. Bhagavati Sutra, 2-10-118; 14-4-510; 18-10-647. 2. Ibid., 1-6-55. 3. Ibid., 2-10-118. 4. Ibid., 2-10-120. 5. Ibid., 16-7-583. 6. Ibid., 18-8-642. Bhagavati Sutra, 2-10-120. 8. Dhavala Tika, p. 145, Ist Khanda. 9. Bhagavati Sutra, 9-33-985. 10. Ibid., 18-4-625; see Kasaya Pahudam, Bhaga-1. (Pejjadoso vihatti), Gunadharacarya, edited by Pandit Phulchandra Siddhanta Shastri, p. 257 (No. 207), p. 258 (No. 208), pp. 364-5, 366-7-8-9 for the detailed treatment of Raga-pejja and Dosa (dvesa). 11. Kasaya Pahudam (Pejjadoso vihatti), No. 207, p. 257. 12. Ibid., No. 208, p. 258. 13. Ibid., p. 365. 14. Kasaya Pahudam (Pejjadoso vihatti), p. 366. 15. Ibid., p. 367. 16. Ibid., p. 368. 17. Kasaya Pahudam, (Pejjadoso vihatti), p. 369. 18. Ibid., No. 341. 19. Ibid., 146. 20. Ibid., 342. 21. Kasaya Pahudam (Pejjadosa vihatti), No. 342, p. 369. 22. Bhagavati Sutra, 12-10-467. 23. Bhagavati Sutra, 12-10-467. 24. Ibid., 1-7-61. 25. Bhagavati Sutra, 1-7-61. 26. Ibid., 1-7-62. 27. Ibid., 16-1-566. 28. Ibid., 2-4-99; see Prajnapana Sutra. 191, Pancadasa Indriyapada, Prathama Uddesaka. 29. Bhagavati Sutra, 3-9-170; Jivabhigama Sutra, Joyisiya Uddesaka. 30. Bhagavati Sutra, 2-4-99; Prajnapana Sutra (Pancadasa Indriyapada), 194. 31. Bhagavati Sutra, 2-4-99; Prajnapana Sutra, 195. 32. Bhagavati Sutra, 8-2-318. 33. Ibid., 11-11-432. 34. Ibid., 9-32-382. 35. Bhagavati Sutra, 13-7-494. 36. Ibid., 13-7-494. 37. Pramanamimamsa, 1-2-24. 38. Bhagavati Sutra, 16-6-578-81. 39. Bhagavati Sutra, 16-6-578-91. 40. The Interpretation of Dreams, Dr. Freud. * * * * * * * IIIIIIIIIIIIII Jain EGUNDOSIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII! IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII iiiiiiiiiiTFESSIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIBBrary.org
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________________ 98 71 : 50 50. 41. Ibid., see pp. 344, 388; Psy. by Robert S. Woodworth, p. 567. 42. Vide Psychology by Robert S. Woodworth, p. 568. 43. Ibid., 44. Psychology, Suresh Chandra Datta, p. 165. 45. Bhagavati Sutra, 1-9-73. 46. Bhagavati Sutra, 5-5-202; 6-10-255; 14-4-511. 47. Ibid., 7-6-286. 48. Ibid., 14-4-511. 49. Ibid., 7-8-296. Bhagavati Sutra, 12-5-450. 51. Ibid., 12-5-452. 52. Bhagavati Sutra, 7-7-290. 53. Psychology, S. C. Dutta, p. 239. 54. Psychology, Robert S. Woodworth, p. 429. 55. Bhagavati Sutra, 18-4-625. 56. Bhagavati Sutra, 12-5-449. 57. Ibid. 58. Bhagavati Sutra, 1-2-22; 12-5-450. 59. See Jaina Sutra, II.-II (199-200). 60. Uttaradhyayana Sutra, XXXIV. 61. E. R. E. T., 262, (Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics). 62. Bhagavati Sutra, 1-7-22; 12-5-450, see Prajnapana Lesyapada. 63. Bhagavati Sutra, 7-8-296. 64. Ibid., 7-8-296. 65. Bhagavati Sutra, (Comm.), 7-8-296. 66. Ibid., 12-5-450. 67. Outline of Psychology, Mc. Dougall, p. 110. 68. Ibid., p. 110. 69. Bhagavati Sutra, 17-1-593. 70. Ibid., 25-1-719. DODO Jain Education Intemational
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________________ H. Bhattacharyya M.A., B.L., Ph.D., Karlas Basu Lane, Ram Krishnapura, Howrah THE VRATA'S OTHER THAN AHIMSA-AS PROPOUNDED IN JAINISM Ahimsa or non-violence is the fundamental Vrata, according to the Jainas. The next Vrata which is essential to a moral life is the vow of truthfulness or Satya. Its opposite i.e., speaking falsely is the Ansta, which is defined as telling something which is not factual. It should be noted that the Pramatta-yoga or wicked intention, which lies at the root of violence and which gives it the character of violence, forms the basis of Ansta or lying also. Nothing is a falsehood unless it is a deliberate lie and nothing is true, if an improper motive prompts its utterance. It is accordingly said that even if a statement is true but made with the deliberate intention of hurting the hearer's feeling, the statement is deprived of its character of truth. On the contrary, a false statement made for the purpose of doing some good to the hearer, cannot be condemned as a downright lie. The character of a phenomena is determined with reference to its nature (Dravya), time (Kala), place (Ksitra) and modality (Bhava). A particular cup, for instance, exists only as a thing made of (say) silver, during (say) winter, at a particular place (say) Calcutta and as (say) a round article; and you cannot think of it as constituted of 'an absolute substance', persisting through all 'eternity', existing simultaneously at 'all places' and possessed of 'a universal shape'. A true statement presents a thing or phenomenon, as it is in respect of its own 'nature', 'time', 'place', and 'modality'. So, when a thing actually exists with reference to its own particular nature, modification, time and location and one says that it does not exist,this is one form of lying; to say that a thing exists, whereas as a matter of fact it does not exist, is the second manner of lying; to speak about a thing as something which is really different from it, is the third kind of falsehood; the fourth form of lying includes the three following manners of stating a fact, viz.,-(1) The Garthita or the condemnable. A true statement may be so made with scornful laughter as to give pain to the hearer; it may be clothed in harsh and angry words; its tone may be incivil and its words, unconnected with each other; it may be so delievered as to give rise to mistaken ideas in the hearer; the words used may be ambiguous or meaningless or they may suggest something which contradicts the eternal verieties as disclosed by the competent masters. All such statements, though embodying true facts, are nevertheless Garhita or condemned. (2) The Savadya or faulty. Statements, e.g. about cutting the limbs of an animal, about piercing it, about beating it, about tilling lands, about trading (especially, trafficking in living animals), about stealing etc. etc.,--all bad to or are connected with injury to animals. Such statements may not contain any falsehoods, they may even be connected with truths but are nevertheless faulty and as such, are to be avoided. (3) The Apriya or pain-giving. Words which create unpleasant feelings, envy and grief and exhaust one's patience, which give rise to fear, feelings of enmity, sorrow and quarrelsome-ness, are akin to falsehood, even though they may contain a truth in them. In connection with the * * * ** * *** ** * * * * 88 Jain Education international !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! ! iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiIIIIIIIIIIII.liiiiiiiToy.org
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________________ Ga 2014 : 58 three forms of the fourth mode of lying, it is, however, to be noted that although harsh and cruel statements are here generally condemned, a teacher or a well-disposed man, when using unpleasant expressions to one whom he wants to reform, is not to be considered as a liar. It is the Pramatta-yoga or the evil passions which make one's expressions false,-so that a teacher or a well-intending person, speaking harshly just to mind the manners of the person talked to and having the good of the person in his heart, cannot be accused of telling a lie in any of its forms. The Jaina teachers fully recognise the fact that a house-holder or an ordinary man of the world has to support himself, earn his livelihood any how and cannot do without collecting some articles to meet his necessities and that consequently, it is impossible for him to avoid lying absolutely. Accordingly they lay down that a man should try to limit his false statements as much as possible. The form of lying which has been described above as the Savadya may be unavoidable for him; but there is no reason why he should not give up the other kinds of false-speaking and why, in the case of the Savadya, he should go beyond what is barely necessary for his living. As in the case of the Ahimsa, the Jaina teachers prescribe five Bhavana's or meditations for stabilising and strengthening the vow of Satya. These consist in the Pratyakhyana or giving up of Krodha or anger, Lobha or avarice, Bhiruta or cowardice, Hasya or frivolity and in the Anuvict-bhasana or talking in accordance with the scriptural injunctions. The negative aspects of the vow of truthfulness are the avoidance of its transgressions in the forms of Mithyopadesa or teaching false doctrines; the Rahovoakhyana or giving publicity to secret actions of persons; the Kuta-likha-kriya or forgery; the Nyasapahara or breach of trust by taking advantage of one's forgetfulness;--[This is illustrated as follows: A deposits Rs. 500/- with B. Subsequently, A forgetting the amount of his deposit asks for the return of Rs. 400/- only, B takes advantage of A's forgetfulness and gives him the amount, demanded; thereby B misappropriates Rs. 100/-); the Sakara-mantra-Chida, or the divulgence of what one supposes to be a fact, from his observation of the manners of some persons who hold consultations in private. Astiya or non-stealing is the third great Vrata or vow laid down in the Jaina religious books. Stealing has been defined as "appropriating what was not given". All appropriations, however, are not theft; misappropriations which are deliberate or wilful i.e., actuated by the Pramatta-yoga are cares of theft. A question may be raised whether a righteous man inviting the Karma-pudgala within him, can be accused of theft. The Jaina moralists answer the question in the negative. In the first place, a Muni introducing in himself the Karma is not actuated by any Pramatta-yoga or intention to have it. Secondly, it is pointed out that Karma is a subtle form of matter which belongs to no body, so that its inflow in a Muni does not mean any appropriation of a thing which is not given'; in legal phraseology, the inflow of Karma does not involve any 'wrongful gain' or 'wrongful loss' to any body. Another point that is raised is whether such acts of a person as taking water from another man's well amount to stealing on his part, in as much as the water was not given to him by the owner of the well. The Jainas affairm that all appropriations of things which have not been expressly given are essentially cases of thefts and in the case under consideration i.e., in the case of water being taken without the express permission of the owner of the well, the taking of water is technically, a case of stealing. They, however, point out that such technical stealing is unavoidable by * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * !!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! elibrary.org
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________________ ********** Jain Educa 10 muni zrI hajArImala smRti grantha ordinary people of the world and recommend that all misappropriations which are not unavoidable in this way, should be given up. The five Bhavana's or meditations, rather acts,--which fix or stabilise one's practice of nonstealing are:-Sunyagara or living in a solitary place; Vimocitavas or living in a place, deserted by all people; Paroparodhakarana or living in a place where one is not likely to be obstructed by others nor where one is likely to obstruct others; Bhaiksya-suddhi or looking to the purity of what is given to one as alms; and Saddharmavisamvada or not entering into disputations with one's brothers in faith, in respect of one another's belongings. The vow of non-stealing is transgressed, even when one instead of himself stealing, abets it (Citana-prayoga); or receives stolen property (Tadahrtadana); or sells things at iniquitous prices i.e., practises black-marketing (Viruddha-rajyati Krama); or uses false weights and measures (Hinadhika-manonmana); or adulterates things (Prati-rupaka-vyavahara). The Vrata of Brahma or sex-abstinence is opposed to Abrahma, which consists in the act of Maithuna or sexual contact. The Pramatta-yoga or deliberate inclination i.e., sex-hunger is the primal source of all sex-activities. It is needless to point out that sex-urge arouses the intensest of feelings in a person and as such, it is responsible for his bad and undesirable states, both here and hereafter. Complete sex-purity is possible only in homeless saints and sages; a house-holder cannot act upto that ideal of sex-abstinence and he feels the need of a companion for the satisfaction of his sex-hunger; this explains the validity of the custom of marriage in human society. The Jaina moralists maintain that sex-indulgence is always bad from a moral point of view; even a person who has his sex-satisfaction exclusively through his wife cannot be looked upon as high-placed in the scale of moral progress. Such a person is called the Kusila-Tyagi. Although such a person stands lower in moral rank than the Muni, he is certainly better than a person wallowing in uncontrolled sex-endulgences. At any rate the Jaina moralists recognise that living without a wife may be impracticable in most cases of ordinary run but they emphatically urge that there is no reason why one should go after a woman who is not his legally married wife. As regards the Aticara's or indirect transgressions of the vow of Brahma-carya, they are indicated as, the Para-vivaha-karana or causing marriage between persons who belong to mutually prohibited families; the Itvabika-parigrabitagamana or co-habitation with a married woman of immoral disposition; the Itvabika-aparigrahitagamana or co-habitation with an unmarried woman of immoral disposition; the Anangi-krida or unnatural intercourse; the KamaT-Ibrabhinivivisa or surrender to strong sexual urge. The following five Bhavana's, on the other hand stabilise one's vow against sexual unchastity viz., the Tyaga or refraining from hearing all talks which excite passions for women (the Stri-raga-Katta-Sravana); from looking at the attractive limbs of a woman,-the Tanmanoharanga-niriksapa; from drinking liquids which excite sexual urge,--(the Vrsyleta-rasa); and from making one's own body clean and attractive, (the Sva-sarira-samskara). The last but not the least of the Vrata's is the Aparigraha or non-attachment to worldly affairs. It is opposed to Parigraha which consists in Murccha or taking interest in the living or the non-living objects of the world, through Pramatta-yoga or passionate inclination. It is clear that if there is in any one's mind, even a trace of having or the apprehension of the sort 'this ***. * ** * ary.org
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 61 is mine', he has Parigraha or attachment, even though he may live in a forest, naked and destitute of all gross things. On the other hand, if one's mind is devoid of all feelings of 'mine-ness', he has Aparigraha, even though he is surrounded by and lives in the midst of a number of possessions, moveable and immoveable. The absolute non-attachment to worldly things is obviously impossible for a house-holder and the Jaina thinkers recommend accordingly that the range of worldliness should be progressively shortened. The five Bhavana's strengthening the practice of the vow of non-attachment consist in withdrawing one's liking to the pleasant objects of the five senses and his dislike for the unpleasant objects of these five senses. The Aparigraha-vrata is transgressed even when a person confining his possessions within a certain number, changes their proportions without actually changing their number. Thus suppose, a person takes the vow to be content with four pieces of cloth and four utensils; his vow would be transgressed if he takes to the possession of three pieces of cloth and five utensils. The transgressions of the vow of non-attachment in this manner of interchanging are likely to be committed in respect of the following five pairs of possession viz.,-lands and houses; silver and gold; cattle and corn; male servants and female servants; and things for putting on and utensils. The above with Ahimsa are the five Vrata's or cardinal virtues for practice, according to the Jainas. Besides these primary vows, the Jaina moralists speak of Sila's, which are sub-vows, supplementing the practice of the Vrata's. The Sila's are seven in number, divided into two broad classes of the Guna-vrata's and the Siksa-vrata's. The former enhance the value of the Vrata's and are three in number. There are four forms of the Siksa-vrata's. The Siksa-vrata's are so called, because they make the practice of the vows, perfectly disciplined. The first of the three Guna-vrata's is the Dig-vrata. It consists in one's taking a vow to limit his activities throughout his life within fixed bounds in all the ten directions. This sub-vow of the Dig-vrata may be transgressed in five different ways viz.,-(1) When negligently or deliberately one rises higher than his limit in the upward direction (hirdha-vyatikrama); (2) When in the same manner he goes lower than his downward limit (Adhah-vyatikrama); (3) When in the same manner, he crosses his limits in the eight other directions (Tiryakvyatikrama; (4) When in a fit of passion or negligence, he increases his limit in one direction, even though decreasing it in another direction (Ksitra-vrddhi); (5) When he forgets the limits, even though he does not cross them (Smrtyantaradhana). The Disa-vrata is the second mode of the Guna-vrata and consists in one's taking a vow to still more limit his activities, already limited by the Dig-vrata vow, for a period of time. The Disa-vrata is violated,-1. if the vower sends for something from beyond the limited limit (Anayana); 2. if he sends a person beyond the limited limit (Prisya-prayoga); 3. if he sends his voice (e.g. by telephone) beyond the limited limit (Sabdanupata); 4. if he communicates with persons beyond the limited limit by making signs to them (Rupanupata); 5. if he throws material things beyond the limited limit (Pudgala-ksipa). The third mode of the Guna-vrata is the Anartha-danda-vrata which means a vow not to commit any aimless sin. There are five forms of the Anartha-danda-vrata which consist in avoiding respectively the Apadhyana or thinking ill of others, the Papapadisa or preaching sinful matter to others, the Pramada-caritra or thoughtless mischievous acts, such as breaking the Jain Ecocata recent *** ** *** **F5++ ** wandrary.org
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________________ 62 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha branches of trees aimlessly, the Himsudana or distribution of offensive weapons among people, and the Duhsruti or reading or hearing the reading of the bad books. The Anartha-danda-vrata is transgressed even when the vower makes fun of or with other (Kandarpa); when he throws mischievous and practical jokes at others (Kaut-kucca); when he becomes garrulous (Mankharya); when he overdues a thing (Asamiksyadhikarana); when he keeps himself supplied with enjoyable things which are more than what are necessary for him (Upabhoga-paribhoganarthakya). The disciplinary or the Siksa-vrata's have, as said before, four forms. The first is the Samayika which consists in self-contemplation at stated times e.g. sunrise, noon or sun-set everyday for a stated period every time. The Samayika is transgressed by misdirection of mind (Manoduspranidhanam), by misdirection of body (Kaya-duspranidhanam), by misdirection of speech (Vak-duspranidhanam), by decreasing the interest in the Samayika (Anadara), by forgetting the formalities connected with the Samayika (Smstyanupasthanam). The Posadhopavasa is the second Siksa-vrata and means a vow to fast on four days in a month viz, on the two eighth and the two fourteenth days in the two lunar fortnights in every month, by abstaining from food and drink and by making religious study etc. in those days of fasting. The vow of fasting is violated by excerating in a place without inspecting and sweeping it before hand (Apratyaviksitapramarjitotsara), by taking up a thing from or laying it down in a place, without first inspecting and sweeping it (Apratyaviksitapramarjitadana), iby arranging for sitting in a place within first inspecting and sweeping it (Apratyaviksitapramarjita--Samstaropakramana), by giving up interest in fasting (Anadara) and by forgetting the prescribed formalities for fasting (Smstyanupasthanam). The Bhogopabhoga-parimana is a vow, limiting one's enjoyment of both exhaustible (Upabhoga) and un-exhaustible (bhoga) things. It is the third of the disciplinary sub-vows and is transgressed when the vower takes to eating living things even such as green vegetables (Sacittahara); when he uses for his own purpose, a thing which is connected with a living thing e.g. when he uses a green leaf as a plate (Sacitta-Sambandhaharata); when he consumes a mixture of living and non-living things e.g. hot and cold water together (Sacitta-Sammisrahara); when he eats exciting or particularly invigorating food (Abhisavahara); or, when takes an ill-cooked food (Duhpakvahara). The fourth sub-vow under the Siksa-vrata is the Atithi-samvibhaga, which means taking a vow to take one's meals only after giving a part of them to deserving guest,- preferable, a man living the austere moral life of an ascetic, having right faith and right conduct; or, failing him, a house-holder having right conduct only; or, failing him, a person with right faith but without any observance of the vows. These are called the Supatra's or worthy donees. Not so good a donee would be one whose outward conduct is good but who is devoid of right faith, he is a Kupatra. A person, however, whose conduct is not good but who is not possessed of right faith is an Apatra or unworthy donee. The Jaina's lay down principles which determine the nature of the things to be given; (e.g. the things given should be helpful to study etc.); the manners in which they are to be given (e.g. by welcoming the guest etc. etc.); and the attitude, both of the giver and of the taker, at the time when the gifts are made (e.g. in all humility etc.). The Jaina's, however, assert that the matter of Karuna-dana or charities, no distinction is to be made as regards the persons who are to receive the gifts; so that food * ** * *** T TI 652 6688 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII Jain EduSi iiiiiiiiii IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 1IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII iiiiiiiiii.III!IIIIII III.TREBUIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIII Iiiiiiiiiiiiiii !!!! e brary.org
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________________ paMcama adhyAya : 13 medicine, knowledge and removal of fears should be freely extended to all needy persons, Jaina or non-Jaina, human or sub-human. This vow of giving to guests' is violated if one places food on a living thing e.g. on a green leaf (Sacittaniksipa); if one covers food with a living thing (Sacitapidhana); if one delegates his duties as a host, to another (Para-vyapadisa); if his charitable conduct is vitiated by disrespectfulness or by envious competition with another donor (Matsarya); or, if his charity is not made at the proper time (Kalatikrama). This finishes our survey of the Vrata's or the vows essential to moral progress. The five Vrata's are vows of non-violence, sexual purity, non-attachment, non-stealing and truthfulness. The The homeless saints practise the vows in their perfection; the practice of those vows by the house-holders must necessarily be imperfect; and hence, the Vrata's as performed by the house-holders have been called the Anu-vrata's,--the difference between the Vrata's and the Anu-vrata's being not one of kind but one of degree in successful observance. The seven Sila's including the three Guna-vrata's and the four Siksa-vrata's supplement the observance of the Anu-vrata's and are generally meant for the house-holders. The observance of the Sila's paves the way of the house-holder for the five cardinal virtues and makes his conduct well-controlled. The Jaina's further maintain that the well ordered life which is the effect of the Sila-practice should be crowned with a well-ordered death. Such a death is called the Sallikhana by them and consists in a perfectly unattached and dispassionate attitude towards the world, during last moments of life. This Sallikhana or contemplative death is marked by total abstinence from food, drink, medicine and all things worldly and unperturbed fixation of the dying man upon his self. It is recommended for practice, not merely to a man observing the Sila's (Na Sravakasyaiva dig-viratyadi-Silavatah) but also to one who has brought himself under self-control (Samyatasyapi). The Sallikhana is not a form of suicide. It is recommended only where the body is completely disabled by extreme old age or by endurable diseases or when it is rendered hopelessly helpless by the distruction or enfeeblement of the senses and such other causes and the man becomes conscious of the impending unavoidable death and of the necessity of concentrating himself upon his pure self. Akalanka nicely illustrates the practice of Sallikhana by pointing out firstly how the traders in valuable articles never want the distruction of their store-house; that when causes arise to distroy the house, they try to remove these causes to the best of their ability and resources; that when they find that those distructive causes are irremovable, they do no longer care the house and concentrate their efforts upon the preservation of the valuable articles of the store-house; that it is in the same manner that a good man never wants to put an end to his body; that he tries to save his body when disease and other ailments threaten to distroy it; but that when all attempts to save the body prove to be finally unavailing, he dissociates himself from it and establishes himself exclusively upon his essential self. This is Sallikhana or peaceful contemplative death, which is essentially different from any form of suicide. It is clear that the calm and faultless character of the Sallikhana is distroyed and its practice becomes condemnable, if there is in the dying man Jivitasamsa or a desire to live; Maranasmsa or a desire to hasten death; Mitranuraga or attachment for his friends; Sukhanubandha or a lingering fond remembrance of the occasions of fast enjoyments, or, Nidana or an expectant desire for enjoyments in the next world. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ Prof. N. V. Vaidya Ferguson College, Poona SHRAMADANA OR VOLUNTARY MANUAL LABOUR-THE OLD WAY The Jain canonical as well as Non-canonical literature is a veritable mine of didactic tones, parables and illustrations. They reflect mostly the life of the common man and are narrated with a simplicity and facility which would appeal even to the Pundits and men of letters. It is proposed top oint out here only a minor incident narrated in the Antagadadagsao(si)* the eighth Anga of the Jain canon (III Varga: Page 56. section 59ff). "...... Now as Krsna Vasudeva was going out of the city of Dwarawati he saw a man, worn out, his body shattered by age,......and weary, and who was picking up one brick at a time from among a huge pile of bricks, and was carrying it into the house. Then Krsna Vasudeva, out of compassion for the old man got down from the back of the excellent elephant he was riding took a brick from that huge pile of bricks, and carried it inside the house. Now, when Krsna took one brick, hundreds of other people did the same and that huge pile of bricks was shifted inside the house in no time". Krsna Vasudeva thus gave a helping hand to that old man purely out of compassion and as a matter of duty. In the good old days people were taught that doing one's duty was a must for every body, like the Nityakarma (f). If you do it there is no special merit but if you fail to do it, there is sin. We find a strange spectacle to-day. If some one has done his duty there are grand ceremonies held in his honour. There is a lot of fan-fare and publicity when a very important person or a minister is attending or rather presiding over a Shramdana () or similar function. But the manner in which Krsna a royal prince of the ancient past-has helped a poor old labourer is very touching and it leaves an indelible impression on the minds of the readers. It is untrumpeted, genuine and spontaneous Shramdana (1) giving help and succor where it is really needed. One can multiply similar other situations and incidents. The so called courtesy weeks, Vana Mahotsava, children's Day and lots of other functions and ceremonies which seem to have been invented merely to satisfy the vanity and the insatiable craving for publicity of those in power or the upper strata of society does not impress the public. genuine Shramdan is always done spontaneously, is always untrumpeted and unadvertised and is done to give help and succor to the needy and its effect is ever lasting. *Edited by prof. N.V. Vaidya, Ferguson College, Poona-4 with Introduction, Notes, English Translation and Appendics 1937.
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________________ muni zrIhajArImala smRti-graMtha -pariziSTa Jain Education Intemational
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________________ Jain Education Intemational
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________________ lekhaka-paricaya zrI agaracanda nAhaTA-janmasthAna-bIkAnera (raajsthaan)| nAhaTA jI ne jitane vipula sAhitya kA sarjana kiyA hai, utanA koI virale hI kara pAte haiN| ar3hAI sau patra-patrikAoM meM do sahasra se adhika nibaMdha likha cuke haiM / rAjasthAnI evaM janasAhitya ke gine-cune sAhitya-seviyoM meM anyatama haiM / darjanoM granthoM kA sampAdana kara cuke haiN| apane jyeSTha bhrAtA zrI abhayarAja nAhaTA ke nAma para abhaya jaina graMthAlaya kI saMsthApanA kI hai, jisameM bIsa hajAra durlabha mahattvapUrNa hastalikhita aura itane hI mudrita graMthoM kA saMgraha hai| jainasaMgha kI ora se 'sAhitya evaM itihAsaratna' kI upAdhi diyA jAnA Apa kI yogyatA ke anurUpa hI hai| Apa bhArata kI pacAsoM sAhityika saMsthAoM ke adhyakSa, DAirekTara, TrasTI yA sadasya haiM / vyavasAya ke hAtha mahAn sAhityasevA kA Adarza koI nAhaTA jI se siikhe| zrI anUpacanda nyAyatIrtha-Apa jayapura-nivAsI haiN| jainasAhitya, purAtattva aura kavitA kI ora viziSTa ruci / gItAJjali ke bahusaMkhyaka gItoM ke anuvAdaka / ApakI aneka anUdita racanAe~ prakAzita haiM / suprasiddha vidvAn paM0 cainasukhadAsajI ke pramukha ziSya haiN| paM0 ambAlAlajI janmasthAna dahegAma (ahamadAbAda) / isa samaya Apa ahamadAbAda ke lA0 da0 bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmandira meM kArya kara rahe haiM / saMskRta, prAkRta, hindI aura aMgrejI bhASAoM tathA vyAkaraNa, sAhitya, itihAsa-purAtattva aura maMtrasAhitya meM ApakI gaharI dilacaspI hai / digvijayamahAkAvya, kAlakAcAryakathAsaMgraha, sUrimaMtrakalpasandoha, maMtrarAjarahasya, anubhUtasiddhadvAtriMzikA Adi-Adi graMthoM kA sampAdana kiyA hai| abhI-abhI ApakA Catalouge of Sanskrit and Prakrit MSS, part I nAmaka graMtha prakAzita huA hai| DA0 zrAnandaprakAza dIkSita-janmasthAna meraTha (u0 pr0)| san 1948 se Apa adhyApana kArya kara rahe haiM / vartamAna meM rAjasthAna vizvavidyAlaya meM rIDara haiN| ApakA rasasiddhAnta uttarapradeza kI sarakAra dvArA puraskRta huA hai / saundaryatattva, veli krisana rukmaNI rI, tulasIdAsa-vastu aura zilpa Adi aneka gaMbhIra racanAe~ prakAzita ho cukI haiN| marAThI, gujarAtI, baMgalA aura urdU bhASAoM ke bhI jJAtA haiM / zodha-chAtroM ke suyogya nirdezaka haiN|
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________________ 18 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : pariziTa zrI bAlamazAha khAna-janmasthAna udayapura (rAja.) a-hindIbhASAbhASI parivAra meM janma lekara bhI Apa hindI meM ema0 e0 karake hindI sAhitya kI abhinandanIya sevA kara rahe haiN| ApakI aneka racanAyeM prAntIya aura bhAratIya stara para puraskRta evaM sammAnita huI haiN| 'rAjasthAnI vacanikAyeM' nAmaka ApakA graMtha rAjasthAna sAhitya akAdamI se prakAzita huA hai| Apa kahAnI puraskAra vijetA haiN| DA0 Izvaracandra zarmA-DaoN. zarmA darzanazAstra ke talasparzI vidvAn haiM, jinhoMne amerikA jaise videzoM meM bhI apanI yogyatA kI chApa DAlI hai| isa samaya Apa udayapura vi0 vi0 meM adhyApaka haiN| zrI ena0 vI0 vaidya-vaidya mahodaya saMskRta aura arddhamAgadhI bhASA ke vizruta vidvAn haiN| san 1962 se pUnA ke prasiddha phayaMsana kaoNleja meM arddhamAgadhI vibhAga ke pradhAna aura sAMgalI ke viliMgaDana kaoNleja ke priMsipala raha cuke haiN| anavarata sAhitya sevA meM nirata haiM / aMtagaDadasAo aura aNuttarovavAiyadasAo, agaDadatta-bambhadatta, paumacariyaM, nalakahA-varuNakahA, nAyAdhammakahAo, usANirudaM, rAyapaseNiyasuttaM Adi ardhamAgadhI aura prAkRta ke AgamagraMthoM kA vidvattApUrNa sampAdana Apane kiyA hai. vistRta prastAvanAe~ aura noTsa likhe haiM. DA0ke0 RSabhacandra jaina-janmasthAna pAlaDI (sirohI-rAjasthAna) Apa udIyamAna vidvAn haiM / nAgapura vi0 vi0 se pAlI evaM prAkRta sAhitya meM ema0 e0 kiyA / vaizAlI prAkRta-jainazAstra saMsthAna mujaphpharapura se pIeca0 DI0 kI upAdhi grahaNa kii| isa samaya lA0 da. bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmaMdira meM 'risarca Aphisara' pada para kArya kara rahe haiM! DA. kanhaiyAlAla sahala-janmasthAna navalagar3ha (rAjasthAna) / hindI aura saMskRta meM prathama zreNI meM ema0 e0 kiyA / 'rAjasthAnI kahAvateM-eka adhyayana' nAmaka zodhaprabandha para pI-eca0 DI0 kI upAdhi prApta kii| isa samaya DI. liTa0 ke hetu zodhaprabandha likha rahe haiN| aneka chAtra Apake nirdezana meM pI-eca0 DI0 kara cuke haiM / 'marubhAratI' (traimAsika) ke pradhAna sampAdaka / rAjasthAna sAhitya akAdamI ke gava niga borDa ke, kendrIya hindI pAThyapustaka samiti naI dillI ke tathA bhAratIya hindI pariSad prayAga Adi ke sadasya / rAjasthAna ke viziSTa agragaNya vidvAnoM meM anyatama, ApakI lagabhaga tIsa racanAe~ prakAzita ho cukI haiN| Jain Education Intemational
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________________ lekhaka paricaya : 11 zrI kanhaiyAlAla loDhA-janmasthAna dhanopa (bhIlavAr3A-rAjasthAna) / sAdhAraNa svAsthya aura sAde rahana-sahana meM vaicArika vaibhava, vizAla anubhava aura pratibhA Apa meM vidyamAna hai / Apa kI medhAzakti bar3I tIvra hai / aneka viSayoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana rekhAgaNita meM prayojyamAna nigamanapraNAlI se adhyAtma jaise nigUr3ha siddhAnta kA sahaja varNana kara denA Apa kI viziSTa pratibhA kA paricAyaka hai| zrI kamalA jaina 'jIjI'---Apa paM0 zobhAcandra jI bhArilla kI jyeSTha putrI haiN| , gadya aura padya donoM para ApakA acchA adhikAra hai| Apake dvArA sampAdita 'nArIjIvana' pustaka prakAzita ho cukI hai| aneka kavitAsaMgrahoM meM ApakI kavitAe~ prakAzita huI haiN| vartamAna meM rANAvAsa (rAja.) ke mahAvIra jaina bAlikA vidyAlaya kI pradhAnAdhyApikA haiM / zrI kalAvatI jaina-bahina kalAvatI jammU kI nivAsinI, atIva vinamra, dharmapriya aura utsAhamUtti mahilA haiN| mahAsatI zrI umarAvakuvarajI kI kAzmIrayAtrA ke samaya Apane unakI sarAhanIya sevA kI / jammU meM bAlikAoM ke dharmazikSaNa kI sUtradhAra haiN| svayaM svAdhyAyazIlA haiN| kastUracanda kAsalIvAla-DA0 kAsalIvAla saMskRta, hindI evaM rAjasthAnI bhASA ke mAne huye vidvAn haiN| Apane rAjasthAna ke 70-80 jaina graMtha bhaNDAroM kA zodhana karake unakI vistRta sUciyAM taiyAra kI haiN| 'rAjasthAna ke jaina graMthabhaNDAra' para hI Apane aMgrejI meM zodhaprabandha likhA hai jisa para rAjasthAna vizvavidyAlaya ne san 1961 meM pI-eca. DI0 kI upAdhi se sammAnita kiyaa| Apa kI isa khoja ke phalasvarUpa apabhraza-hindI-rAjasthAnI kI saikar3oM ajJAta racanAyeM prakAza meM A gayI haiM / aba taka nimna pustake prakAzika ho cukI haiM 1. rAjasthAna ke jaina zAstrabhaNDAroM kI graMthasUcI bhAga prathama, dvitIya, tRtIya evaM caturtha bhAga / 2. prazastisaMgraha / 3. pradyumnacarita / 4. bnaarsiivilaas| 80 se bhI adhika khoja pUrNa lekha vibhinna patra-patrikAoM meM prakAzita ho cuke haiM. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ 100 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : pariziSTa muni zrI kAntisAgarajI munijI itihAsa aura purAtatva ke diggaja vidvAn, bhAratavikhyAta lekhaka aura anveSaka haiN| khaMDaharoM kA vaibhava' Adi aneka mahatvapUrNa racanAeM ApakI prakAzita hai| patrikAoM meM bhI Apake zodhapUrNa nibaMdha jaba-taba prakAzita hote rahate haiM / zrI ke0 bI0 jindala - Apa jainadharma-marmajJa svargIya paNDita ajitaprasAda jI ke kaniSTha putra haiM. Apa kA janma lakhanaU meM huA. 1938 meM Apane lakhanaU vizvavidyAlaya se ema0 e0, ela-ela0 bI0 kI upAdhi prApta kI. ema0 e0 meM sarvaprathama uttIrNa hone ke nAte vizvavidyAlaya se Apako svarNapadaka prApta huA. Aja kala Apa kalakatte meM Ayakara adhikArI ke pada para niyukta haiM. sAhitya, siddhAnta, kAnUna-tInoM viSayoM kA Apane acchA adhyayana kiyA hai. prAyaH ina sabhI viSayoM para Apa kI racanAyeM prakAzita ho cukI haiM. Apa kI mukhya kRtiyA~ hai A History of Hindi Literature, The Prefaces, Lordships, Income-tax, Past and Present. zrI gaja siMha - zrI gi0 a0 jaina pAThazAlA byAvara se vyAkaraNanyAyatIrtha parIkSAyeM uttIrNa karane kesAtha vahIM Apane 'jaina saMketalipi' kA zikSaNa prApta kiyA. vartamAna meM rAjasthAna vidhAnasabhA meM riporTara hai. saMketalipi-lekhana meM atyanta siddhahasta haiM. zrI gulAbacandra caudharI- Apa udIyamAna sAhityakAra hai| ApakI aneka gaMbhIra zodhapUrNa racanAe~ prakAzita huI haiN| bhaviSya meM Apase bar3I-bar3I AzAe~ haiM /
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________________ lekhaka paricaya : 101 zrI gopIlAla amara-janmasthAna par3avAra (sAgara-ma0 pra0) amarajI prAcIna hRdaya aura navIna mastiSka ke saMgama tathA darzana aura vijJAna ke samanvaya sthala haiM. sAgara meM raha kara Apane zAstrI, kAvyatIrtha, sAhityaratna aura ema0 e0 parIkSAyeM uttIrNa kI haiM. saMskRta, hindI aura aMgrejI ke lekhaka haiM. darzanazAstra meM vizeSa ruci rakhate haiM. prameyaratnamAlA, prameya ratnAlaMkAra aura aSTasahasrI kA sampAdana kara cuke aura kara rahe haiM. aneka a0 bhAratIya stara kI saMsthAoM ke padAdhikArI haiM. zrI govardhana zarmA-janmasthAna kaMTAliyA (mAravAr3a). isa samaya Apa gujarAta kaoNleja ahamadAbAda meM hindI vibhAga ke adhyakSa haiM. san 1642 se hI Apa hindI meM vibhinna viSayoM para likha rahe haiM. kahAnI, kavitA, ekAMkI zikSA, zodhaparaka nibaMdha, sabhI meM samAna dilacaspI hai, ema0 e0 (hindI) meM prathama sthAna aura svarNapadaka prApta kiyA. 'prAkRta aura apabhraza kA DiMgalasAhitya para prabhAva' viSaya para rAjasthAna vi0 vi0 se pI-eca. DI0 kI upAdhi prApta kI. Apa kI aneka racanAyeM prakAzita ho cukI haiM. paM0 cainasukhadAsa nyAyatIrtha-janmasthAna bhAdavA (jayapura). bacapana meM hI lakave kI bImArI se paira apaMga ho gae. syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya kAzI meM raha kara darzana aura sAhitya kI ucca zikSA prApta kI, varSoM se jaina kAleja jayapura ke adhyakSa pada para AsIna haiM. kuzala lekhaka, saphala samAlocaka, nirbhIka vaktA aura pAraMgata vidvAn haiM. jaina bandhu aura jainadarzana patroM ke sampAdaka rahe. 'vIravANI' ke sampAdaka haiM. bhAvanAviveka, ahatpravacana, jainadarzanasAra aura sarvArthasiddhisAra Apa kI prakAzita racanAyeM haiM. prAcIna zodha meM Apa kI gaharI ruci hai. saMskRtasAhitya ke labdhapratiSTha vidvAn haiM. DA. jagadIzacandra jaina-janmasthAna baser3A (mujaphpharanagara) darzanazAstra meM ema0 e0 aura samAjazAstra meM pI-eca0 DI0 kiyA. san 1942 ke svAtantrya saMgrAma meM kArAvAsa kA anubhava liyA. paikiMga vizvavidyAlaya meM hindI ke prAdhyApaka rahe. vaizAlI vidyApITha meM prAkRta ke prAdhyApaka rahe. vartamAna meM philma seMsara kI bambaI aiDavAiz2a rI penala ke sadasya haiM. lagabhaga 40 pustakoM ke lekhaka. ApakA 'prAkRtasAhitya kA itihAsa' graMtha uttarapradeza zAsana kI ora se puraskRta huA hai. zrI jayabhagavAna vakIla-ApakA jJAna sarvatomukhI thaa| sAmpradAyikatA ke samIpa nahIM phaTakate the / samanvayAtmaka dRSTi rahatI thii| rUr3hivAdI nahIM the kintu rUr3hivAdiyoM kA virodha bhI nahIM karate the| nagara meM tathA bhAratIya di0 jaina samAja meM bar3I pratiSThA thii| saphala sAhityakAra aura anveSaka the / kheda hai Apa acAnaka hI hamAre bIca se uTha ge| Jain Education Intemational
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________________ 102 : muni zrI hajArImala smRti grantha : pariziSTa AcArya zrI jinavijayajI - janmasthAna - rUpAhelI (mevAr3a) / sAmAnya vAtAvaraNa meM se bhI adhyavasAyI aura pratibhAzAlI puruSa kisa prakAra abhyudaya kA mArga nikAla lete haiM, isakA udAharaNa ApakA jIvana hai| muni jI ne jaina evaM rAjasthAnI sAhitya kI anupama sevA kI hai| itihAsapurAtatva ke mahAn vidvAn haiN| siMghI jaina graMthamAlA ke saMpAdaka haiN| rAjasthAna prAcyavidyApratiSThAna jodhapura Apake hI adhyavasAya kA phala hai / DA0 je0sI0 sikadara - sikadara mahAzaya kA janma pUrvabaMga meM huA. Apane purAtana itihAsa aura saMskRti viSaya meM ema0e0 kalakattA vi0vi0 se kiyA. tatpazcAt zAnti niketana meM zodhachAtra rahe. DA0 hIrAlAla jaina kI dekharekha meM bhagavatI sUtra ke saMbandha meM zodhakArya kiyA hai. Ajakala Apa jabalapura vi0vi0 meM sIniyara risarca phailo hai. DA0 jyotiprasAda jaina -- janmasthAna - meraTha ( u0 pra0) nivAsasthAna lakhanaU. vartamAna meM uttara pradeza rAjya ke DisTrikTa gajeTiyarsa ke upasampAdaka pada para niyukta jaina siddhAnta-bhAskara evaM jaina enTIkvarI tathA jaina sandezazodhA ke avaitanika sampAdaka, vAyasa Afa ahiMsA ke bhI sampAdaka maNDala meM sammilita Jaina Sources after History of Ancient India, Jainism the oldest living Religion. bhAratIya itihAsa- eka dRSTi prakAzita janasAhitya, hastinApura, Adi pustakoM ke prnnetaa| lagabhaga tIsa varSa se jaina itihAsa, purAtattva, sAhitya evaM saMskRti para zodha khoja evaM anveSaNa kArya cAlU hai. kaI sau lekha nibandhAdi abataka vibhinna jainAjaina patra-patrikAoM meM hindI evaM aMgrejI meM prakAzita ho cuke haiM. rAjasthAna zrIjJAna bhArilla -- janmasthAna - kharAnA ( sAgara ma0pra0) ke prathama zreNI ke kavi, pratibhAzAlI lekhaka aura upanyAsakAra haiM. ApakI kavitAoM ke kaI saMgraha prakAzita ho cuke haiM, jinameM se 'AkAzakusuma' ajamera sarakAra dvArA prathama puraskRta huA hai, 'pyAse svarNa hiraNa' upanyAsa bhI ApakI hI racanA hai. kucha samaya se ApakA jhukAva prAcIna jaina kathAoM ko Adhunika zailI meM prastuta karane kI ora huA hai. aba taka 'taraMgavatI' aura' bhaTakatemaTakate (kuvalayamAlA kA rUpAntara) prakAza meM Ae hai. jaina sAhitya aise kSamatAzAlI sulekhakoM kI pratIkSA kara rahA hai.
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________________ lekhapha paricaya : 103 zrI darabArIlAla koThiyA-zAstrAcArya, nyAyAcArya, nyAyatIrtha, siddhAMtazAstrI haiM. AptaparIkSA, syAdvAdasiddhi, nyAyadIpikA pramANaprameyakalikA Adi aneka jainadArzanika graMthoM kA sampAdana tathA anuvAda kiyA hai. ApakI prastAvanAe~ zodhapUrNa tathA mahattva kI haiM. Apa samAja ke yazasvI lekhaka, sampAdaka, vaktA aura adhyApaka haiM. kAzI hindU vizva vidyAlaya meM jaina darzana ke prAdhyApaka haiM. jainadarzana evaM jainanyAya ke ine-gine vidvAnoM meM se eka haiM. zrI dalasukha mAlavaNiyA-janmasthAna sAyalA (saurASTra) mAlavaNiyA jI jaina samAja ke coTI ke vidvAnoM meM pramukha haiN| darzana, itihAsa Adi vividha viSayoM meM ApakI abAdha gati hai| hindU vi0 vi0 banArasa meM jainadarzana ke adhyApaka rhe| vartamAna meM lAla bhAI dalapata bhAI bhAratIya saMskRti vidyA-maMdira ke nidezaka haiM / ApakI sAhityasAdhanA se vidvajjagat suparicita hai| zrI devIlAla pAlIvAla--janmasthAna-kAMkarolI (udayapura-rAjasthAna) ema0 e0 (itihAsa) aura pI0eca0DI0 rAjasthAna vizvavidyAlaya se kiyA. pI0eca0DI0 kA viSaya thA "udayapUra aura aMgreja-1857-1916". isa samaya TADakRta rAjasthAna kA navIna anuvAda evaM sampAdana kArya kara rahe haiM. prathama bhAga prakAzita ho cukA hai. bAlya-kAla se rAjanaitika Andolana meM bhAga lenA prArambha kiyA. 1946 taka mevAr3a prajAmaMDala kI janarala kauMsila ke sadasya rahe, 1950-52 taka rAjasthAna vidyArthI pheDarezana ke aura 1949 se 1952 taka udayapura kamyunisTa pArTI ke maMtrI rahe haiM. DA. devendrakumAra jaina-ciragAMva (jhAMsI) ke nivAsI haiM. uccakoTi ke lekhaka, sampAdaka, samAlocaka aura adhyApaka haiM. sarasvatI, nAgarI pra0 patrikA, sammelanapatrikA Adi prathama zreNI kI patrikAoM meM Apake zodhapUrNa nibandha prakAzita hote rahate haiM. vizvaprakAza, prAkRtachandakoza, zabdabhedaprakAza, bhaviSyadattakathA, Adi kA sampAdana aura rASTrabhASA meM anuvAda kara cuke haiM. saMskRtasAhitya saMbandhI bahusaMkhyaka upAdhiyoM se vibhUSita suyogya vidvAn haiM. DA. narendrakumAra bhAnAvata-janmasthAna-kAnauDa ( rAja0). zrIbhAnAvata udIyamAna viziSTa medhAvI vidvAn haiM. meTrika se lekara ema0e0 taka kI sabhI parIkSAoM meM prApane prathama zreNI prApta kI. sAhityaratna bhI prathama zreNI meM hI hue. velisAhitya-rAjasthAnI para pI-eca0DI0 kI upAdhi grahaNa kI. 'kavitA, kahAnI, ekAMkI, nibandha, gadyakAvya Adi likhane meM siddhahasta haiM. aneka a0, bhAratIya nibandhapratiyogitAoM meM svarNapadaka puraskAra prApta kara cuke haiM. ApakI aneka graMtha-racanAe~ abhI taka aprakAzita haiM, yaha hindIsAhitya kA durbhAgya hI samajhA jA sakatA hai. vartamAna meM Apa rAjasthAna vi0vi0 meM hindI vibhAga meM adhyApaka pada para AsIna haiM. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ 104 : muni zrohajArImala smRti-grantha : pariziSTa zrIparamAnanda coyala-hindIsAhitya meM ema0e0 parIkSA uttIrNa kI; kintu citrakalA kI ora ApakA vizeSa AkarSaNa rahA. jayapura hAI skUla, sara je.je. skUla oNpha ArTasa tathA landana yunivarsiTI se vizeSa DiplomA prApta kiye, citrakalA meM rAjasthAna akAdamI se puraskAra prApta kiye. Taigora citra pratiyogitA meM bhI Apa puraskRta hue. Apa rAjasthAna ke variSTha citrakalAkAra haiN| zrI pArasamala prasUna-prasUna laghukathAeM likhane meM atyanta kuzala haiM. hindI meM ema0e0 aura sAhityaratna haiN| dhArmika svAdhyAya aura zikSaNa meM vizeSa rucisampanna haiM. svAdhyAyasaMgha jayapura ke sadasya hone ke nAte paryuSaNa parva ke prasaMga para yatra-tatra pravacana karane jAyA karate haiM / 'jinavANI' (jayapura) ke sahasampAdaka haiN| zrI paramAnanda zAstrI-zAstrIjI ne gaNeza jaina vidyAlaya sAgara meM adhyayana karake sAhitya ke kSetra meM praveza kiyA. Apa sAhityika evaM aitihAsika anusaMdhAna meM vizeSa abhiruci rakhate haiM. lagabhaga 150 nibandha likha cuke haiM. samAdhitantra, iSTopadeza Adi graMthoM kA anuvAda kiyA hai. 'anekAMta' ke sampAdaka haiM aura hindI jaina kaviyoM kA itihAsa taiyAra kara rahe haiM. muni zrIpura yavijayajI-muni zrI kI kaThora sAhityasAdhanA se vidvadvarga bhalIbhAMti paricita hai| darzana, itihAsa, purAtattva evaM saMskRta-prAkRta Adi bhASAoM ke talasparzI paNDita haiN| jaisalamera-zAstrabhaMDAra ke Apa uddhAraka haiN| nintara sAhityasevA meM nimagna rahane vAle aura vRddhAvasthA meM bhI caina na lene vAle isa tapasvI kI jitanI sarAhanA kI jAya, thor3I hI rhegii| zrIpuruSottamalAla menAriyA--janmasthAna udayapura (rAja.) hindI meM ema0 e0 aura sAhityaratna karane ke pazcAt Apa gaharI lagana ke sAtha sAhitya vizeSataH rAjasthAnI sAhitya kI sevA meM nirata haiM. rAjasthAna vidyApITha-zodhasaMsthAna ke saMcAlaka, zodhapatrikA ke saMsthApaka-sampAdaka, rAjasthAna vidyApITha kAleja ke priMsipala Adi padoM para saphalatApUrvaka kArya kara cuke haiM. isa samaya rAjasthAna sarakAra ke rAjasthAna prAcya vidyApratiSThAna jodhapura meM pravara zodhasahAyaka haiM. rAjasthAna kI rasadhArA, rAjasthAnI bhASA kI rUparekhA aura mAnyatA kA prazna, rAjasthAna kI lokakathAyeM, rAjasthAnI vArtA, rAjasthAnI lokagIta, rAjasthAnI lokakathAyeM Adi-Adi aneka racanAyeM prakAzita ho cukI haiM. rAjasthAnI sAhityajagat meM Apa kI sevAyeM prazasya haiM. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ lekhaka paricaya : 105 paM0 ke0 bhujabalI zAstrI-zrI bhUjabalIjI kannar3a bhASAbhASI haiM. janma dakSiNa bhArata ke karNATaka prAnta meM huA parantu karmakSetra bihAra rahA hai. Apa saMskRta, prAkRta, hindI, kannar3a evaM aMgrejI bhASAoM ke vijJa haiM. pUrvokta sabhI bhASAoM meM zatAdhika zodhapUrNa nibandha likhe haiM. Apane saMskRta ke suprasiddha munisuvratamahAkAvya, bhujabalIcaritam, citrasena-padmAvatI caritam evaM bhavyAnanda jaisI pANDulipiyoM kA saMzodhana, saMpAdana aura hindI anuvAda kiyA hai. __ kannar3a prAntIya tAr3apatrIya graMthasUci evaM prazastisaMgraha Apa kI anusandhAnapUrNa zodha-kRtiyA~ haiM. Adarza jaina mahileyarU, Adarza jaina vIrarU, Adarza sAhitizannu, jaina vAGmaya, jainara dainika SaTkarma, jainadarzana, nibandhasaMgraha, mahAvIravANI, samavasaraNa, Adi kannar3a bhASA sambandhI Apa kI kaI racanAyeM prakAzita huI haiM. Apa kI sRjanazIla, maulika pratibhA dvArA hindI meM 'jaina prAkRta vAGmaya' jaise zodhapUrNa gambhIra nibandha bhI prastuta kiye gaye haiM. __ zaraNasAhitya [kannar3a mAsika], vIravANI [kannar3a mAsika], vivekAbhyudaya [kannar3a mAsika], jainasiddhAnta-bhAskara [hindI traimAsika] tathA jaina enTi kverI [aMgrejI traimAsika] ina patroM ke sampAdakamaNDala meM rahakara, inakA sampAdanakArya bhI sucAru rUpa se kiyA hai. isa samaya bhI 'gurudeva' [kannar3a mAsika kA sampAdana kara rahe haiM. ___ Apa kI 'jaina vAGmaya' nAmaka racanA ko maisUra sarakAra ne bahumAnita kiyA hai. Apa ke 'vIra baMkeya' nAmaka prabandha ko maisUra sarakAra ne evaM 'mUDabidrI' nAmaka nibandha ko kerala sarakAra ne apane pAThaya-graMthoM meM sthAna diyA hai. dakSiNa bhArata ke jaina AcArya, jaina rAjakumAra aura jaina rAjavaMzoM kA itihAsa Apa ke dvArA prAmANika rUpa meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai. zrIbhuvanezvaranAtha 'mAdhava' -bihAra meM Apa kA janma huA, hindU vi0 vi0 kAzI se aMgrejI tathA hindI meM ema0 e0 kiyA aura bihAra vi0 vi0 se pI-eca0 DI0. santa sAhitya, mIrA kI premasAdhanA, dhUpadIpa, pUjA ke phUla, ha~satA jIvana, mere janama-maraNa ke sAthI, rAmabhakti meM madhura upAsanA, zrIaravindacaritAmRta Adi racanAyeM prakAzita ho cukI haiM. bhaviSya, cA~da, sanAtanadharma, kalyANa evaM kalyANakalpataru ke sampAdaka raha cuke haiM. isa samaya bihAra rASTrabhASApariSad (bihAra sarakAra) ke nidezaka haiM. ___ zrIbhaMvaralAla nAhaTA-janmasthAna bIkAnera [rAja0] vyavasAyI parivAra meM janma lekara bhI Apa rAjasthAnI aura jainasAhitya kI prazaMsanIya sevA kara rahe haiM. satI mRgAvatI, rAjagRha, yugapradhAna jinacandrasUri Adi Apa ke dvArA likhita aneka graMtha prakAzita ho cuke haiM. aitihAsika jaina kAvyasaMgraha, Thakkura pherU graMthAvalI, hamIrAyaNa, kRti kusumAMjali, rAsapaMcaka Adi Apake sampAdana haiM. Apa suprasiddha sAhityasevI zrIagaracanda nAhaTA ke bhrAtRja evaM sahayogI haiM.
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________________ 106 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : pariziSTa zrImahAvIra koTiyA janmasthAna harasAnA (alavara rAjasthAna ). par3hanA aura likhanA donoM hI Apake vyasana haiM. ApakA 'TUTI vINA' nAmaka kavitAsaMgraha prakAzita ho cukA hai. kavitA aura kahAnI ke kSetra se nikala kara idhara Apa sAragarbhita zodhaparaka aura jJAnavarddhaka lekha likhane kI ora muke haiM. 'jainasAhitya meM kRSNavArttA' viSaya para zodha likha rahe haiM. jayapura se prakAzita hone vAlI 'jaina saMgama' patrikA ke sampAdaka haiM. zrI milApacandra kaTAriyA Apa kekar3I (rAja.) ke nivAsI haiN| vyAkaraNa, chanda, kAvya tathA jaina siddhAnta graMthoM ke talasparzI paNDita hote hue bhI svataMtra vyavasAya karate haiM / acche cintaka, vaktA aura lekhaka haiM / 'jainadharma zreSTha kyoM haiM ?' nAmaka pustaka ke tathA anekAneka prakIrNaka nibaMdhoM ke lekhaka haiM / kekar3I meM apane tattvacarcA evaM goSThI ke atyanta spRhaNIya vAtAvaraNa kA sarjana kiyA hai / DA0 zrI mohanalAla mehatA janmasthAna-kAnor3a (rAja0) jaina byAvara meM mAdhyamika zikSA prApta kara pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama banArasa meM rahe / ema0e0 pI0 eca0 DI0 tathA zAstrAcArya upAdhiyA~ prApta kI / 'jainadarzana hindI meM tathA Outlines of Jain Philosophy' Jain Psychology evaM Outlines of karma in Jainism nAmaka graMtha aMgarejI bhASA meM prakAzita ho cuke haiN| isa vidvAn sAhityakAra se bhaviSya meM bar3I-bar3I AzAe~ haiM / DA0 maMgaladeva zAstrI - vaidika sAhitya aura prAcIna bhAratIya saMskRti ke vizeSajJa ke rUpa meM vikhyAta haiM / Apa bhArata ke una gine-cune labdhapratiSThita vidvAnoM meM haiM jinhoMne prAcya aura pAzcAtya donoM paddhatiyoM se jJAna aura samAja kA adhyayana kiyA hai / vaidika sAhitya, bhASAvijJAna, bhAratIya saMskRti Adi viSayoM para Apane aneka anusaMdhAnAtmaka tathA vicArAtmaka graMtha likhe haiM / " razmimAlA", "amRtamaMthana, "prabaMdhaprakAza" jaisI Apa kI gadyapadyAtmaka maulika racanAe~ saMskRta-jagata meM kAphI prasiddha haiM / prArambha meM saMskRta aura bhAratIya darzana kA adhyayana karane ke pazcAt 1622 meM Apane AksaphorDa vizvavidyAlaya se DI0 phila0 kI upAdhi arjita kI / videza se lauTane para 1623-24 meM eka varSa taka kAzI vidyApITha, banArasa meM darzana kA adhyayana kiyA, 1924 meM gavarnameMTa saMskRta kAlija banArasa meM sarasvatI bhavana ke adhyakSa pada para niyukta hue aura 1933 meM uttarapradezIya rAjakIya saMskRta parIkSAoM ke rajisTrAra banAye gaye / 1937 meM Apa gavarnameMTa saMskRta kAlija ke banArasa ke priMsipala pada para AsIna hue aura saMskRta pAThyakrama meM Adhunika viSayoM kA samAveza karAne meM saphala hue / vArANaseya saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya kI yojanA bhI Apane hI 1646-50 meM taiyAra kI thI / 1960 meM Apa kendrIya saMskRta borDa ke sadasya aura 1961 meM vArANaseya saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya ke antarima kulapati niyukta hue|
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________________ lekhaka paricaya: 107 zrI ratanalAla saMghavI-saMghavI jI choTI sAdar3I (rAja.) ke nivAsI haiN| solaha varSa kI umra se hI adhyApana kArya meM nirata haiN| jainapatra-patrikAoM meM samIkSAtmaka tathA mImAMsAtmaka zailI para jaina darzana tathA anya viSayoM para likhate rahate haiN| 'jainAgama sUkti sudhA' tathA prAkRta vyAkaraNa kI hindI meM bRhad vyAkhyA ApakI ullekhanIya racanAe~ haiM / 'anekAnta' meM ApakI sAhityika evaM aitihAsika lekhamAlA prakAzita ho cukI hai / RAKER HORORROR zrI rameza upAdhyAya-rAjasthAna ke udIyamAna sAhityakAra haiN| ApakI bhASA prAMjala aura bhAvoM kI abhivyakti prabhAvapUrNa hotI hai| zrI rAjArAma jaina-Apa jabalapura ke nivAsI navodita sAhityakAra haiM / abhI-abhI Apane DAkTareTa kiyA hai| ArA-kAleja meM adhyApaka haiN| apabhraMza bhASA ke vizeSajJa vidvAn haiN| kumArI rUtha ema. vela-kumArI baila kA vizeSa paricaya upalabdha nahIM hai| isa grantha meM prakAzita nibandha se hI jAnA jA sakatA hai ki Apa pAzcAtya hokara bhI bhAratIya sAhitya aura saMskRti meM gaharI ruci rakhatI hai| Apa DA0 Izvaracandra zarmA kI ziSyA haiN| zrI rUpendrakumAra pagAriyA-janmasthAna-kharavaMDI (mahArASTra) / Apa isa samaya lA0 da. bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmandira ahamadAbAda meM sahAyaka saMzodhaka haiM / saMskRta, prAkRta, pAlI Adi bhASAoM ke tathA darzanazAstra ke abhyAsI haiN| Jain Education Intemational
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________________ 108 : zrI munihajArImala smRti grantha : pariziSTa zrI raMjana sUrideva-- devajI sAhityAcArya, purANAcArya, vyAkaraNatIrtha jainadarzanazAstrI, sAhityaratna, sAhityAlaMkAra aura bI0 e0 upAdhiyoM se vibhUSita haiN| bihAra hindI sAhitya sammelana paTanA ke saMcAlaka aura sAhityamaMtrI haiM / bihAra rASTrabhASApariSad kI traimAsika 'pariSad patrikA ke sampAdaka tathA 'sAhitya' ke sa0 sampAdaka haiN| ApakI bahutasI racanAeM prakAza meM A cukI haiN| zrI badrIprasAda paMcolI-janmasthAna-khAnapura (jhAlAvAr3a-rAja0) hindI aura saMskRta meM ema0 e0 tathA sAhityaratna / vartamAna meM kisanagar3ha ke zAsakIya kAleja meM prophesara haiM / 'svadeza' (koTA) sampAdaka raha cuke haiM / zodhapradhAna nibaMdhoM kI ora vizeSa ruci hai, yoM kavitA, nATaka Adi bhI likhate haiN| zrI vardhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI-zrIvardhamAna zAstrI ke pitAzrI kA nAma pArzvanAtha zAstrI hai. jaina samAja ke agragaNya vidvAna haiM. ucca koTi ke lekhaka aura vaktA haiM. jaina bodhaka evaM jainadarzana nAmaka hindI mAsikoM ke tathA karNATaka bhASA ke 'vizvabandhu' ke sampAdaka haiM. dhArmika parIkSA-borDa, AcArya kunthusAgara graMthamAlA tathA AcArya jambUsAgara graMthamAlA ke avaitanika maMtrI aura aneka saMsthAoM ke TrasTI haiM. ahindI bhASA-bhASI hokara bhI Apa hindI - bhASA tathA samAja kI bahumUlya sevA kara rahe haiM. zrI vijayendra sUrijI--sUrijI purAnI pIr3hI ke itihAsa evaM purAtattva Adi aneka viSayoM aura bhASAoM ke prakANDa paMDita haiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke jIvana para Apane jo likhA hai, usI se Apake pANDitya kA patA cala sakatA hai / ApakI anekAneka vidvattApUrNa kRtiyA~ prakAza meM A cukI haiN| sUrijI isa samaya atyanta vRddha, netrahIna aura asvastha avasthA meM aMdherI (bambaI) meM haiN| zrI zAMtilAla bhAradvAja 'rAkeza'-janmasthAna-jalavAr3A (koTA) rAkezajI rAjasthAna ke sAhityakAroM meM agragaNya haiM / Apake aneka graMtha prakAzita aura puraskRta ho cuke haiN| vartamAna meM rAjasthAna sAhitya akAdamI ke kAryanidezaka haiN| Jain Education Intemational
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________________ lekhaka paricaya : 106 zrI zikharacandra kocara-janmasthAna bIkAnera (rAja.). bIkAnera hAI korTa meM kucha kAla taka vakAlata karane ke pazcAt Apa rAjasthAna zAsana ke nyAyavibhAga meM vibhinna padoM para kArya kara cuke haiM. isa samaya sIkara meM sivila aura aiDizanala sezansa jaja haiM. aneka sAmAjika saMsthAoM ke avaitanika maMtrI Adi padoM para kArya kiyA hai. ApakI gadya-padya-racanAeM aneka patroM meM prakAzita hotI rahatI haiM. zrI zrIcandra jaina-janmasthAna amarA (jhAMsI). ema. e., ela. ela.bI parIkSAe~ uttIrNa karane ke pazcAt samathara rAjya meM jilAdhIza ke rUpa meM kArya kiyA, magara Antarika ruci Apako zikSA-sAhitya ke kSetra meM khIMca lAI. isa samaya Apa gavarnameMTa kAleja kharagauna meM hindI vibhAga ke adhyakSa haiM. aneka nibaMdha-racanAe~ prakAzita ho cukI haiM. jisameM se kaI bhArata sarakAra, uttarapradeza sarakAra aura vindhyazAsana dvArA puraskRta huI haiM. zrI satyakAma varmA-DAkTara varmA, kAMgar3I gurukula ke snAtaka haiM. hindI aura saMskRta meM ema. e. kI tathA 'bhartRhari ke vAkyapadI? kA bhASA tAttvika adhyayana' viSaya para pI. eca. DI. kI upAdhi prApta kI. iTalI ke roma vizvavidyAlaya meM saMskRta ke adhyApaka rahe. vahA~ kI sabase bar3I prAcya vidyAsaMsthA meM sampAdana-kArya kiyA. Apa hindI meM aneka AlocanAtmaka graMthoM evaM nibaMdhoM ke lekhaka haiM. zrI sundaralAla jaina-janmasthAna khairAnA (sAgara ma0pra0). Apa vaidya bhUSaNa, vaidyaratna, AyurvedAlaMkAra Adi aneka upAdhiyoM se vibhUSita kuzala cikitsaka haiM. iTArasI kI tilaka phArmesI ke saMsthApaka haiM. aneka jaina saMsthAoM ke maMtrI, upAdhyakSa aura adhyakSa haiM. aneka svarNapadaka prApta kara cuke haiM. Ayuvaidika patroM meM ApakI racanAe~ samaya-samaya para prakAzita hotI rahatI haiM. Apa pragatizIla vicAroM ke saMdezavAhaka haiM. zrI mahendra rAjA Apake hI suputra haiM. zrI saubhAgyamala jaina-janmasthAna zujAlapura (madhyapradeza). jainasamAja aura ma. pra. ke rAjanItika kSetroM meM bahuvikhyAta, ucca AdarzoM para jIvana kI pratiSThA karane vAle bhAvanAzIla vidvAn haiM. san 1930 se rAjanIti meM sakriya haiM. aneka rAjanItika saMsthAoM meM aneka uttaradAyittvapUrNa padoM para pratiSThita rahe haiM. madhyabhArata-vidhAna sabhA ke upAdhyakSa, adhyakSa, vittamaMtrI aura rAjasvamaMtrI raha cuke haiM. Jain Education Intemational
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________________ 110 muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : pariziSTha nivAsI sAgara vi. zrI harIndra bhUSaNa jaina - sAgara ( ma0pra0) ke vi. se pI0 eca0 DI0 kI upAdhi prApta kI. isa samaya vikrama vi0 vi0 ujjaina meM prAdhyApaka haiM. Apane kAlidAsa para aneka zodhapatra likhe haiM. DI0 li0 ke lie AcArya hemacandra para anusandhAna kara rahe haiM. svAdhInatA saMgrAma meM sakriya bhAga lene ke puraskAra svarUpa cAra mAsa kA kArAgAra aura cAra varSa kA gupta jIvana vyatIta kara cuke haiM. jaina aura saMskRtasAhitya ke talasparzI vidvAn hai . DA0 indracandra zAstrI -- janmasthAna DabavAlI maMDI. prAraMbhika adhyayana seThiyA vidyAlaya bIkAnera meM karake Apa banArasa gae. vahA~ saMskRta, a~garejI Adi bhASAoM kA tathA darzana-zAstra kA uccakoTi kA adhyayana kiyA. na kevala jaina samAja ke varan samasta bhArata ke pramukha vidvAnoM meM ApakI gaNanA hai. vedAnta aura jaina darzana ke pAraMgata paNDita aura prathama zreNI ke lekhaka haiM. duHkha hai ki Apa mahiSoM se vihIna ho gae haiM, phira bhI ApakI sAhityasAdhanA avirAma gati se cala rahI hai. a~garejI aneka graMtha prakAzita ho cuke haiM. aura hindI bhASA meM Apake mahAsatI zrI umarAva kuMvarajI - janmasthAna dAviyA ( kisanagar3ha) dorAI ( ajamera) ke zrI campAlAlajI hIMgar3a ke sAtha pANigrahaNa huA. alpakAla meM hI pativiyoga hone para Apane mRtyuMjaya mahAmArga kA avalambana liyA. kucha samaya pazcAt Apake pitA zrIjagannAthasiMhajI ne bhI, jo muni mAMgIlAlajI ke nAma se prasiddha hue, Apake patha kA anusaraNa kiyA. mahAsatIjI ne jaMga siddhAMtAcAryA upAdhi prApta kI hai. aMgarejI aura saMskRta - prAkRta bhASA kI viduSI haiM. pravacana zailI madhura aura prabhAvaka hai. rAjasthAna to ApakA vihAra kSetra hai hI, yuktaprAnta, himAcala pradeza aura kAzmIra taka Apane pada-bhramaNa karake adbhuta sAhasa kA paricaya diyA hai. sAdhvI zrIkusumavatIjI -- ApakI janmabhUmi mevAr3a hai. Apa sAdhvIsaMgha meM agragaNya viduSI haiM. saMskRta, prAkRta, hindI Adi bhASAoM meM nipuNa, jainasiddhAMtAcArya, parIkSA, kundana jaina siddhAMtazAlA byAvara se uttIrNa kI hai. | pravacanazailI prabhAvaka hai. sulekhikA haiM. vibhinna patroM meM ApakI racanAe~ prakAzita hotI rahatI haiM. ApakI mukhya bihArabhUmi rAjasthAna hai. bhaviSya meM Apase bahuta AzAe~ haiM. zrI jainendrakumAra do cAra paMktiyoM meM paricaya denA jainendrajI ke mahattva ko kama karanA hai. Apa antarrASTrIya khyAti ke vicAraka aura sAhityakAra haiM. AcArya zrItulasI-AcArya zrI tulasI kA paricaya dene kI AvazyakatA nahIM. 'tulasI- abhinandana graMtha, Apake mahAn vyaktitva kA paricAyaka hai. Apake AcAryatva -kAla meM terApaMthI samAja ne jJAna kI sabhI dizAoM meM spRhaNIya evaM sarAhanIya pragati kI hai. yuga ko parakhane vAle dharmAdhyakSoM meM ApakA sthAna bahuta U~cA hai.
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________________ zrI madhukaramunijI Apa svAmI bIjArImalajI ma0 ke choTe gurubhrAtA aura eka prakAra se isa graMtha ke janmadAtA haiM. prathama zreNI ke vidvAn, vaktA aura lekhaka haiM---AtmaprakAzana se bacane vAle ApakA janma tivarI ( mAravAr3a) meM huA. dasa varSa kI vaya meM saMsAra se uparAma ho gayA. saMskRta, prAkRta bhASAoM evaM dharma aura darzana ke prakANDa vidvAn haiM. ApakI aneka mahatvapUrNa racanAeM prakAzita ho cukI hai. - zrI nathamala dUgar3a -- dUgar3ajI ko seTha- paNDita kahanA cAhie. giradhArIlAla annarAja jaina pAThazAlA se vyAkaraNa - nyAyatIrtha, dharmazAstrI upAdhiyA~ prApta kara Apa paitrika vyavasAya karate haiM. villupuram (madrAsa) meM nivAsa karate haiM. utsAhI sAmAjika kAryakarttA dharmapremI aura sarala, saMyata evaM vinamra haiM. zrI rAjakumAra jaina - Apa iTArasI ( ma0pra0) ke nivAsI zrImahendra rAjA ke anuja haiM. AyurvedAcArya hokara Apane apane pitAjI ke patha kA anusaraNa kiyA hai. honahAra vidvAn vyavahAra evaM lekhaka hai. Ayurveda kA ApakA adhyayana uccakoTi kA hai. zrImahendra 'rAjA' - 'rAjA' hindIjagat meM suparicita haiM. aneka kRtiyA~ ApakI prakAza meM A cukI haiM. ema. e. karane ke pazcAt Apa lAibrerI sAiMsa ke vizeSa adhyayana ke lie laMdana gae. kaI varSa vahA~ rahe aura ApakI hindI sAhitya sevA cAlU rahI. isa samaya Apa dAreslAma (pUrvI aphrIkA ) ke vi. vi. kAlejalAibrerI meM kArya kara rahe haiM. Apake pitA paM0 sundaralAlajI vaidya iTArasI meM rahate haiM. Apa bhArila parivAra meM haiM. lekhaka paricaya ; 111 zrI suzIlakumAra divAkara janmasthAna sivanI (madhyapradeza) isa samaya Apa rASTrIya pravRtti ko protsAhana pradAna karane vAle govindarAma seksariyA artha-vANijya mahAvidyAlaya jabalapura meM prAdhyApaka haiM. arthazAstra aura kAnUna Adi viSayoM para aneka pustakoM ke lekhaka haiM. sivanI ke pratiSThita divAkaraparivAra kI saMskRti ke anurUpa Apa bhI jaina dharma aura jaina saMskRti ke premI aura sevaka haiM. zrI zrImalajI mahArAja -- mahArASTra meM ApakA janma huA. bAlyakAla meM hI saMyamapatha ke pathika bana gae. yuga pravarttaka AcArya zrI javAharalAla jI ma0 ke suziSya haiM. vividha bhASAoM aura viSayoM ke vidvAn aura sulekhaka haiM, prabhAvazAlI vaktA bhI ApakI aneka racanAe~ prakAza meM A cukI haiM. vidvAnoM se prema rakhane vAle vicAroM kI paridhi meM ghire na rahane vAle, maulika vicAroM ke dhanI haiM. , paM0 hIrAlAla zAstrI- - janmasthAna sADhUmala (jhAMsI) Apa jainasamAja ke agragaNya manISI vidvAnoM meM haiM. jaina siddhAnta aura darzanazAstra Apake priya viSaya haiM. aneka gaMbhIra graMthoM kA anuvAda, saMzodhana, sampAdana kara cuke haiM. SaTkhaNDAgama jaise graMtharAja ke sampAdana-saMzodhana meM Apa sahayogI rahe haiM. vartamAna meM sarasvatI bhavana byAvara ke vyavasthApaka haiM.
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________________ sahasra pAMkhurI kamala Jain Education Intemational
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________________ murutulyuddu Diamond offer Works Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi-1, Jain Education Intemational