Bharatiya Asmita Part 2

Author(s): Nandlal B Devluk
Publisher: Yogesh Advertising Service Bhavnagar
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/005145/1

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ImyAna/kA sAthe DHIRnIya AminA- mAga-2 saMdarbhagraMca DIGITAL ( )); } ) 2 TI saMpAdaka US

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 smRtisaMdarbha graMtha

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maiM prathama dhyAvRtti 4 mArca 1974 maiM kiMmata rUA. 50-00 tu sapAdaka - nAla bI. devaluka prakAzaka : yogeza eDavarTAIjhIMga susa bhAvanagara 2 mudraka H - zrI vijaya prinTarsa, bhAvanagara ,, gujarAta pablizIMga hAusa, bhAvanagara , mUka prinTarI, bhAvanagara praviNa prinTarI, senagaDha "" Jian

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- bhAratIya zita prakArana-samAM Qetu 1972 nA eprIla mAsamAM tIrthadhAma pAlItANAmAM jainAcArya pU. zrI vijayadharma dhuraMdharazrInI nizrAmAMacala bhAratIyatatva darzana-bhAvanagara ane sanmAna samiti pAlItANAnA upakrame bhAratIya asmitA graMthanA prathama bhAganA jAyelA zAnadAra uddaghATana samAraMbhanI jhaDapAyela tasvIra . I I Jain Education Intemational

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salAhakAra mumbIo : zrI bhAIlAlabhAI AvIza pAlItANA muMbaI muMbaI s, jagubhAI parIkha bhAvanagara - kaSNAzaMkarabhAI je. jethI madrAsa ,, bAlacaMdabhAI che. dezI , mAsumaalIbhAI maracanTa bhAvanagara ramaNIkalAlabhAI dalAla amadAvAda kulacaMdabhAI eca. dezI muMbaI - jayaMtabhAI ema. zAha muMbaI , delatabhAI pArekha , govardhanabhAI ke. dave vallabhavidyAnagara , eca. DI. sAMkaLIyA pUnA - manubhAI bI. zAha amadAvAda - puSkarabhAI gekA dvArakA - manasukhabhAI pArekha bhAvanagara * DolarabhAI vasAvaDA mahuvA , jayendrabhAI trivedI che. bhAvanagara : - ,, janArdanabhAI dave : bhAvanagara ,, jamanAdAsabhAI tannA muMbaI , devazaMkaspAI ojhA , dhIrajalAla sI. dezI , aruNAbahena desAI vaDhavANa , araviMdabhAI buca amadAvAda Jain Education Intemational

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zrIyuta bAlacaMdabhAI gAMDAlAla dozI (muMbaI) 5 asmitA graMtha janAne jemanI preraNA ane protsAhaka zubha lAgaNI sAthe sArU evuM baLa maLyuM che. Jain Education Intemational

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zubhecchA pAThave che * dalIcaMda enaDa ke * dArUkhAnA-muMbaI-10. esesIeTeDa kansarna = ja ke ThArI enDa ku. dArUkhAnA-muMbaI-10, # sI. ke. mIkenIkala enDa ejI. vakarsa 7 bI, sItAphalavADI, muMbaI-10 # jhenItha ejI. varkasa TrAma roDa, vaDhavANa sITI (saurASTra) 4 kaThArI enDa mahetA sTIla relIMga mIsa TrAma reDa, vaDhavANa sITI (saurASTra) I. # Delpha ejI. varkasa udyoganagara, surendranagara (saurASTra) Jain Education Intemational

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zrIyuta dIpacaMdabhAI esa. gADI (muMbaI) ( jaina kenpharansanA pramukha) saMdarbhagraMthanA A samRddha prayAsane cheka zarUAtathI jeo sahAyabhUta banIne yazabhAgI banyA che. Jain Education Intemational

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M pachaE CD EC CICID th 65 ) mAM SHWETAN MUNIANitive)TA AuTuuu sI 1st:00: 06 .0.0056,06:4700000066100.102030C_0.00:3000:00:00 baby #Motibo/ 2010/090.0.0.. 00025324105 de 13233 virATa eziyA khaMDanA saMdarbhamAM aMtaramAM uchaLatI Urmio ane hRdayamAM rahelA saMskAra dIpanI tane evI ja prajavalita rAkhIne amita zreNInuM A cha samRddha-abhinava prakAzana eka saMdarbha graMtha rUpe gujarAtI vAMcakonA hAthamAM mUkatAM bhAre harSa anubhavuM chuM. samayakALa jhaDapathI sarI jaI rahela che tyAre eziyAnI pUrvakAlIna yazagAthAnAM sAMskRtika mUlyone graMthastha karavAnA namra prayAsane A graMtha dvArA jhAMkhI karAvIe chIe. bhU-bhAganA ApaNA parvate, pradeza ane nadIo ja bhArata che ema nathI paNa bhAratane AtmA sadIo jUnI siddhAMta parastimAM rahelo che enI yAda navI peDhIne ApavAnI amArI zubha lAgaNI ane bhUtakALanI smRtione vAcA ApavAnI aMtaranI amIrAithI prerAIne ja A saMpAdana rajU karIe chIe. eziyAmAM bhAratanuM sthAna maLe che IlAvRtta, bhadrAzva, harivarSa ketumAla, ramyaka hiraNamaya, uttarakuru, ki puruSa, bharata, A dvIpa uparAMta bIjA ATha upadvIpa-svarNa prastha, caMdra zukala Avartana, ramaNaka, maMdara hariNa, pAMca janya siMhala ane laMkA A upadvIpamAM yAda rAkhavA jevI bAbata che ke siMhala ane laMkA A banne judA judA che. vAlamIki rAmAyaNamAM zrI rAmanA samayamAM varNavAyelI laMkA AjanuM sIlena (jeNe hamaNAM pitAnuM rASTranAma "zrI laMkA" pADyuM che.) nathI e ekathI vadhu vidvAnone mata che. rAmAyaNanA eka prasiddha vidvAne te osTreliyA khaMDa ja laMkA hovAnAM pramANe ApyA che jo A mata para vadhAre saMzodhana karavAmAM Ave te prAcIna bhArata cInane amerIkAne paNa chellA thoDA varSomAM kare paDele svIkAra bIjuM zuM batAve che? audyogika rIte ane Arthika dRSTie kuzaLatA pUrvaka haraNa phALa sAdhI gayeluM jApAna amerIkAnA pratispardhI tarIke UbhuM che. emAM koIne paNa zaMkA che? bhArata ! "bhA' eTale zobhA, sauMdarya, brahmavidyA, kalA, saMskAra saMskRti-ta-pAsanA 'rata" eTale AgaLa kahela guNa tamAM tatpara rahenAra bhAtanAma sadIo jUnuM che. RSionA samayanuM Sabhadeva bhagavAnanA putra bharata je jaDabharata tarIke pachInA janmamAM prakhyAta thayA tenA parathI A dezanuM nAma bhArata paDyuM. e eka mata che. cakravati bharata dauthaMtinA nAma parathI A dezanuM nAma bhArata paDayuM e eka mata paNa che. A dezanuM prAcIna nAma ajanAbha khaMDa hatuM e paNa mata pracalita che. ApaNe e carcAmAM UtaravuM abhipreta nI. paurANika bhUgoLa varNanamAM jaMbudvIpanuM sthAna mahattvanuM che. jaMbudvIpa pRthvInA sAta dvIpamAM sauthI mukhya che. Aje paNa pRthvInA gaLAnuM nirIkSaNa karatAM ja budvIpa eziyA barAbara vacce dekhAya che. tenA nava khaMDe che. A badhAnuM vistRta varNana purANomAM ugrarASTravAdathI mAMDIne tIvra sAmyavAdanA prayoge eziyA khaMDanI bhUmi para thayA che, jagatanA sArA pramANamAM vikasita dezo jema eziyAmAM che te ja rIte ardha vikasita keati alpa vikasita deze paNa eziyAmAM che rASTrIya utpAdananI daSTie nabaLAM bhArata, brahmadeza, zrI laMkA jevA deze ahIM AvelA che. chellA thoDA varSomAM aneka mahApuruSa ane vivAdAspada vyakitao eziyA khaMDamAM udbhavI jeNe zAMti ane sthiratAnA vAtAvaraNathI mAMDIne yuddha, krAMtio, uthala pAthale janmAvI, mahAtmA gAMdhI, naheru, DaDalIsenAnAyaka, mAo, cAuena-lAI, nAsara, dAgahemarazeDa, sukarNa hAcI minha. sirimAo baMDAranAyake, indirA gAMdhI, nevina, dalAIlAmA, goDAmAyara, vagere bhinna bhinna siddhAMtathI prerita, viziSTa vyakita-onAM nAme lekha atyaMta Avazyaka che. Jain Education Intemational

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10 AjanuM vizva yAtAyAta ane upagraha saMdezAonA vyavahArathI eTaluM nAnuM banI gayuM che ke duniyAnA eka khUNe banatA banAvA samagra vizvane AvarI le che. Araba-Ijharela saMgha mAMthI Avela khanIja telanA praznane Aje bhArata-jApAna sahita keTalA badhA dezeAnA arthakAraNa hacamacI UThayA che ! A AjanI sthitinI sarakhAmaNImAM sadIo sudhI peAtAnA 3500 mAilanA dariyA kAMThAne lIdhe bhArate pUrva pazcima banne dizAomAM aneka rASTrAne pAtAne tyAM nIpajatI uttama vastue ApI vyApAra udyogane paNa samRddha banAvya dvArakA, zUrpAraka, cheka AsTreliyA khaMDa sAthe koine kaI rIte saMkaLAyela haze e siddha thavAnI zakayatA che. ane te bRhada bhAta mAtra jAvA, sumAtrA, AlI. berniyA ke cIna jApAna pa``ta ja nahi paNa pazcimamAM rAma ane grIsa temaja arabastAna sudhI sAMskRtika saMdha dhAdharAvatu haze ema niHzaMka paNe kahI zakAze. bhAratanuM yogadAna : eziyA ane vizvanI saMskRtimAM bhAratanuM yogadAna ghaNuM mahattvanuM che. tattvajJAna AcArazAstra, zilpa. sagIta, nRtya citra, bhUmiti, trikoNamitI, akazAstra, yeAtiSa, kAmazAstra, nATayazAstra, alakArazAstra, vagere lalita ane lalitetara vibhAgeAmAM bhAratanAM grathA zAstro ane pratyakSa vidyAnu pradAna adbhuta gaNAvI zakAya. eka vidvAne bhAratanA A cetA vistArane e kALacakramAM vaheMcela che. isvIsana pUrvenI sadIomAM ane tyAra pachI isvIsananI chaThThIthI AThamI sadImAM te bhAratIya vidyA vizvamAM vyApAka paNe prasAra pAmelI. bhArata sivAyanI anya saMskRtinA pracAra yuddho ane zasrabaLathI thaye| tyAre bhAratIya vidyAo ane saMskRtinA silAna brahmadeza, thAileDa, cIna, hiMdIcIna, jApAna, malAyA, vageremAM peAtAnA prANabaLa, tattvanI sarvotkRSTatA ane premathI vistAra thayA. mAtra bha!rataja nahiM eziyA khaMDanuM anya rIte paNa mahattva che. jagatanA badhAja dharmanA udgama eziyAnI RtaMbharA bhUmimAM thayA 1, 75 abaja nI vastI ane 16 lAkha ceorasa mAIlanA bhUmi vistArane kAraNe paNa eziyA khaDa vizvamAM sauthI moTA che. sauthI vadhu gIca vasatIvALA deze| paNa eziyAmAM che lazkarI zaktimattAnI dRSTi rAkSasI sapannatA dharAvanAra bhaTTa kaccha, sta MbhatIrtha, valabhI sUrata, verAvaLa jevAM saurASTra kinArAnA ba MdarethI cheka ijipta ane rAma sudhI teA bIjI bAju jApAna sudhI vyavahAra cAlatA. bhAratIya rezamIvaDyA, hAthIdAMta, aMgarAga nA pAtharyAM. vagere teA jatA haze ja paNu rItiravAjo AcAradharmI madira Jain Education Intemational eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-ra nirmANu vAstuzAstra, zilpa sthApatyanAM mUlyeA, rAmAyaNa mahAbhArata ane edhisatvanI kathAe paNa tyAMnA samAja jIvanamAM ArUDha thatI gaI. Aje paNa sAhasavRttithI prerAine bhAratamAMthI gayelA gujarAtIe duniyAnA pUrva sImADe cheka phIjhI TApuomAM dakSiNe nyUjhIleMDamAM sauthI garama pradeza sudAnamAM Araba rASTro mAM AphrikAmAM, iMgleMDa, amerikA phrAnsa, rAma badhe vitarelA che. tyAM temanI suvAsa che. eTaluja nahI paNa bhAratanA nAma ne yazakalagI caDAvI che. yAtrIe drArA : ' bhAratIya sa MskRti ane AcAra vicArenu parivahana mAtra vyApAranA mAdhyamathI nathI thayuM paNuM praNAlikAgata rAjJatA adhyAtmanI prabaLa (jajJa sAthI AvAgamana karatA yAtrIo dvArA ja mukhyatve saurabhanA hiMDAla vAyu laharIe caDIne rASTronA sImADAo oLaMgI mAnavIya bhUmikAe susthira thayeA che, madhya eziyAMnA agni eziyAnA ane cInanA lAkoe bhagavAna budhdhanA Adezane jhIlyA tenu kAraNa hindu saMskRtine sadaiva svIkAryuM, dhyAna mAnu eNe je anupAna karyuM te hatuM bhAratIya sAhitya dana ane kalA, mesi-DonanA sikaMdaranA bhArata paranA AkramaNu sAthe grIsa sAthenA bhAratanA sAMskRtika AdAna pradAnanAM dvAro apAvrata thayA. tenA rasAlAnA ghaNu badhA loko bhAratamAM vasyA vaLI isvIsana pUrve 305 nI A pAsamAM sika MdaranA uttarAdhikArI silyukasa ane caMdra gupta mauryAM vaccenI saMdhi thatAM megasthi nasa bhAratamAM AvyeA ane lAMbA samaya sudhI te bhAratamAM rahyo teNe tatkAlIna bhAratanuM sarvAMgINa dana karAvatuM je 'iDikA " nAmanuM pustaka lakhyuM ane tya2 pachI biMdusAranA samayamAM ijiptanA rAjA TolemI khIjAe DAyeAnisiyasa nAmanA rAjadUte lakhelA bhArata viSenA ahevAlAmAM ane te graMthAmAMthI sTre, eriyana, limensa vagere grIka ane rAmana vidyAnA e utArelI noMdha ane saMdarbho parathI tAtkAlIna sAMskRtika prabhAvo ane prati prabhAva viSe sArU jAva maLe che. cInanA hAna vaMzanA rAjavI minga tI e IsvIsana 65 mAM bhAratamAM mekalelA zubhecchA maDaLe bhAratamAM rahI baudhdha dharma sAhitya vagerenA abhyAsa karI punaH cInamAM pratyAvartana karyuM tyAre tenI sAthe gayelA bedhdha sAdhuo mATe cInamAM sauthI prathama eka maTha sthApavAmAM AvyA. ApaNe tA mAtra phA-hiyAna ke yu enatsAMga jevA e itihAsamAM gokhAvI nAkhavAmAM AvelA cInI yAtrIonI bhAratanI mUlAkAta viSe ja jANIe chIe paNa sADathI paNa vadhAre cInI yAtrIe bhAratamAM AvyAnuM noMdhAyuM che. A uparAMta cheka samATa azokanA samayathI zarU karAyelA dharmAsa ghAnA pratinidhi maMDaLeA siriyA, Ijipte mesiDeAniyA brahmadeza zrIlaMkA vagere sthaLe javA ravAnA thayelA.

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha AvA sattAvAra pratinidhi maDaLeA uparAMta keTalAye dha garU citrakAro, sthApatyakAro ane bhASAzAstranA papaDatA jUdA jUdA samaye vibhinna dezeAmAM gayA ane tenA pariNAme samagra eziyA khaMDa sAthe bhAratane AtmIyatA sthapAi A badhA AdAna pradAna daramyAna noMdhavA jevI bAbata to e rahI ke A dezeAmAM bhArate kayAreya potAnA sAmrAjyavAda ke prabhusattA sthApavAnA ke vilazAhI gauravanI AbhA sthApavAnA prayatnA karyAM nathI 1963 nI cikAgonI vizva pariSadamAM jayAre dareka deza ane jUthanA lako potAnA hitanA saMrakSaNa mATe kaTIbadhdha thayA hatA tyAre vivekAnaRRjI e sarvadharma samabhAva dhArmika sahiSNutA ane samAna dharmAM caraNanA Adeza ApyA hatA ane vizvanI prajAne digasUta karI dIdhI. kazyapa mAtaMga, kumAra jIva, dharmAdhyakSa edhidharma, paMDita ameAdha, saMdhamitrA vagere AdaraNIya dharma purUSo ne samAdaraNIya vyaktie videzeAmAM gai tyAM tyAM temaNe peAtAnA agavajJAna apUrva meghA ane saMyama zIla tapeAniSThA ne kAraNe tyAMnA pradezavAsIo jevAMja banI ne temanA 'tAraNa hAra' banavAnA lagIre dekhAva karyAM vinA jyeAtinuM kArya karyAM. AkramakA dvArA bhAratanA paricaya: AgaLanA paricchedamAM vyApAra, rAjadvArI pratinidhie ane yAtrIo dvArA bhAratanA ceteA vistAranuM avalAkana karyuM. bhAratIya asmitAne paricaya bahAranI duniyAne karAvavAnu' mAna keTalIka videzI Akramaka jAtie paNa karyuM` bhAratIya pradezAmAM sattA vistAra bhAgaprApti vagere judA judA hetue sara AvelI zaka kuSANu tuNu, pahelava, kSatrapa vagere prajAe paNa bhAratamAM sthira thaI bhAratIya vAtAvaraNa ne AtmasAta karIne paradezamAM tene pracAra karyA IsvIsana pUrve pahelI ke bIjI sadImAM sIriyA grIsa ane sithiyAnA nAnA prajAvaze| bhAratamAM ghUsI AvyA temaNe bhAratanI mahatvanI vAyavya sarahade lagabhaga cArase varSoM sudhI rAjaya karyuM A kuSANeA huNA zake vageree bhAratIya saMskRti veSabhUSA, alaMkArA dharma ane bhAra Iya deve paNa apanAvyA A leAkAnA rAjavIe peAtAnA sikkAe ca dhArI, trizuLavALA zivane sthAna Ape che te vaLI kaniSkanA samayamAM bauddha piraSado bharAya che ane auddhadharmInI mahAyAna zAkhAno navA janma azvadyASa jevA dArzanikanI upasthitimAM thAya che. keTalIka prAvaLI vaiSNava paMthane mAne che ane garuDa staMbhA ke garuDanI AkRtio ( sikkAomAM ) kotarAve che. A badhI prajAe e bhAratanA dUra pUrva sudhI ne madhya eziyAmAM pazcimamAM raeNma sudhI tattva pracAra karyAM. vaLI A prajAonAM AgamanathI bhAratane paNa navAM vicAro maLyA mauddha dharmAMnI prAcIna zAkhA hIna-yAnamAM buddhanI pratimAe keta ravAmAM AvatI na hatI temAM buddhanI jagyAe saketa tarIke Jain Education Intemational 61 mAtra bedhivRkSa katarAtu tene badale mUrtividhAna astitvamAM AvyuM. " gAMdhArazailI " nAmanI navI zailImAM bhagavAna buddhanI Aje paNa vizvanA dareka moTA saMgrahAlayAmAM paDelI suMdara vAstavika mUrtionu nirmANa thavA lAgyuM. bhAratIya vastrAbhUSa geAmAM paNa navanavI bhAtA astitvamAM AvI. zaiva ane vaiSNava saMpradAyAnA vyavasthita pracAranI kalA paNa A prajAe ApI vaLI kuSANu prajAe ja sau prathama saMvata pravartAvyA ane Aje paNa bhAratIya prajA zaka saMvatane pramANabhUta mAnI te pramANe pAtAnA saMvatsare gaNe che. vata IslAmanI sthApanA pUrve paNa irAna arabastAna sAthe bhAratanA saMbaMdho hatA. cela kalyANa seApArA vagere baMdarAmAM IsvIsana pUrve lagabhaga 100 nI AsapAsamAM Ama nIe rahetA. A araba prajA AkramaNakAra tarIke bhAratamAM pravezI na hatI paNa vyApAra vANijayanA uddezathI bhAratamAM AvelI bhAratanA pazcima kAMThAo para A AvI vaselA rASTrakUTa rAjAe A prajAnuM sanmAna karatA ane vyApArI suvidhAo paNa ApatA. paraMtu valabhInI jAheAjalAlI A Araba AkramaNakArAne kAraNe naSTa thatAM maitraka kAlIna rAjavIAnA javalaMta dedIpyAna rAjya ane saMskRtinA nAza thaye| payagaMbara sAheba pachInA khalIphAoe islAmanA vhera zArathI pracAra zarU karatAM i. sa. 71ranI AsapAsamAM Arone bhAratamAM AkramaNakAra tarIke praveza thaye mahuma bIna kAsIma mahamada gajhanavI majhumadagherI vagere Akramaka bhAratamAM AvatA ja gayA. paraMtu muslima saMskRtinI moTA pAyA para asara teramI sadIthI thavA mAMDI rAjakIya AkramaNakArA bhAratanA ItihAsamAM bhale vageAvAyA paNa islAmanA satA eliyAAne bhArate hamezAM satkAryA ciztI saMpradAyanA AliyA hiMdu paraparAnA rIvAjone dhyAnamAM laine geAvadha ane mAMsAhAra vagerenI vAteAthI dUra rahetA IslAmanA Agamanane kAraNe dharma baMdhutva insAniyata vagerenA siddhAMtA ane sUphI danane bhAratamAM ghaNA paraspa rAnubaMdha thayA rAmAyaNu maDAbhArata gItA khaMDanakhaMDa khAdya, jyAtiSanA graMthA vagerenA arabI bhASAmAM anuvAdo thayA aMka vidyAmAM hiMdu sivAyanuM jagata zUnyanA aMkathI paricita na hatuM. ArA dvArA dazAMza gaNita, Ayurveda zAstranA siddhAMtA ane jyAtiSa pazcimanA jagatane prApta thayA. bIjI khAjI bhavya mahAlaye, masjIda, makabarAe jhINI kalAsUjha vALA staMbhA, kAcanuM kAma jharUkhAe, jALIonA kotarakAma jevA sthaLa viSayAthI mAMDIne islAmane kAraNe bhAratane mui lama kavie ane bhakatonI bheTa maLI maLI ekezvaravAda nirguNa upAsanA vedezanA samayathI bhAratamAM chatAM islAmanA Agamana pachI A vicAradhArAnA jabaradasta pracAra saMtavANI dvArA thaye| bhAratIya citrakalAne paNane IslAmanA Agamana mAda navuM vAtAvaraNa ane zailI maLI kAMgaDAM zailInAM citrAmAM

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 draDhamaLa tattvono pAyo :- veSabhUSA muslima jovA maLe che bhAratIya saMgItamAM paNa navA navA rAga rAgiNIo sitAra jevA vAdyane praveza DumarI, gajhala ane kavvAlInI gAyakIo A samayamAM pravezI te Araba prajAnA rasAyaNa vijJAna, hokAyaMtra, madyArka vagerene praveza bhAratamAM A samaye thaye pAyajAme, ja, suravAla acakana jevA piSaka sAthe ThaMDA zarabata, gulakaMda, jalebI, baraphI, baraMja, mura, halavo vagere khAnapAnanAM padArtho paNa A samaye bhAratamAM pravezyA. bhAratIya saMskRti paraMparA avicchinna rahI che ane grIsa roma, ijipta, vagere saMskRtio naSTa thaI gaI tenI bAbatamAM ghaNAne Azcarya thAya che paraMtu A sAvaMta paraMparAo pAchaLa bhAratIya saMskRti ane saMskAra paraMparAnAM keTalAMka AgavAM lakSaNe che. A badhA lakSaNone vigatavAra sadaSTAMta tapAsavA besIe te saMskRti ciMtanane eka svataMtra graMtha mane paNa A tano ullekha A siMhAvalokanamAM kare ja rahyo bhAratIya saMskRti vahetAM nIra jevI che: grIsa ane remanI saMskRti sauMdarya ane ativilAsa raMgarAgamAM khovAI gaI. bhAratanI saMskRti vicAra pUrvaka prajAyelI keTalIka daDha mULa AdhAra zilAo para racAyelI che jema ke ApaNI saMskRti rAgane badale tyAga pradhAna rahI che. svAdhyAya, tapazcaryA, saMyama, ricanItimattA ane udAtta cAritrya AcAra niSThA vagerene kAraNe Aja sudhI te tenI sAme AvelAM aneka prabho ane bhane khALI zakAyAM che. De. sAMkaLIyA temanA eka lekhamAM lakhe che ke Ijipta mesopoTemiyA parU ane mekisakonI arvAcIna saMskRtio alabatta eka yA bIjI kAraNasara jIvaMta haze paNa temane AdhyAtmika jIvanadera tUTI gayo che. jyAre bhAratane AdhyAtmika jIvaMta dera vartamAna sAthe satata jaLavAI rahyo che. yuganAM parivartana pramANe ApaNe samAje cAlyA AvatA saMskAromAM tvarita samAdhAne zodhyAM che ane tene samAdata karI lIdhAM che. vaidika yajJomAM thatI hiMsA sAme upaniSadonA jJAnakAMDa, buddha, mahAvIra vagerenA virodhane dhyAnamAM laI bhArate yajJomAM thatI hiMsA baMdha karI yajJonI saMkalpanA samULagI badalAvI nAkhI AvAM te aneka udAharaNa che. saMta saMrakSaNa : bhAratanI saMskRti para jyAre jyAre vipattionAM vAdaLo ke vinAzanI vibhISikAo upasthita thaI che tyAre tenA AMtara tamAMthI tatkALa mahApuruSane sate jaDI AvyA che. rAma, kRSNa, mahAvIra, buddha, zaMkarAcArya, gAMdhI jevA ativizALa pratibhAvALA puruSo ja nahi paNa zrI svAmInArAyaNa, dayAnaMda sarasvatI, rAjA rAma mohana roya, enI besaMda, rAmakRSNa pasmahaMsa, vivekAnaMda araviMda, kabIra, sUradAsa. tulasI, ekanAtha, nAmadeva, narasiMha, mIrA, tukArAma, samartha rAmadAsa, zivAjI, rANA pratApa, AlvAra saMte, Ama seMkaDo saMtoe A saravANIone jana samAjamAM vahetI rAkhI che. vividhatAmAM ekatA : prajAnI dharmazraddhA-adhyAtma priyatA : ravindranAthe bhAratane mahAmAnava samudra kahyo che. A vizALa dezamAM vividha jAtio, vividha rItarivAje, vividha bhASAo, vividha saMpradAya ane jJAti-peTAjJAtionA vADAonI vacce paNa keTalAMka mULabhUta satyanAM jharaNuo A badhA pravAhane sakSama batAvatA rahyAM che. bhAratanuM audArya : bIjI bAju sAmAnyamAMthI sAmAnya ane akiMcanamAMthI akiMcana mAnavIo paNa paraleka punarjanma, zAstra-gurubhakita, tIrthATana, vrata-upAsanA ane AtmA-paramAtmA saMbaMdhanA vicArothI cira paricita ane saMvid zraddhAnA balavALA rahyA che. bhISaNa garIbI ane yAtAonA divasomAM paNa hasatA e jIvana jIvavAnI eka kaLA A badhAne lIdhe ApaNA lokone maLela che jene kAraNe ane samAje vadhAre bhAMgI paDyA ke palAyanavAdI pravRttio tarapha vaLyA tyAre bhAratamAM titikSA karmaThatA, ane saraLa jIvana paddhattinAM darzana thAya che. . bhASaNa ja paricita ane Atma bhArata kadI saMkucita deza rahyo nathI. teNe saMgharSanA samaye bAhya ane tAttvika yuddho khelyAM che paNa bahArathI AvelA grIke, kuSANe, pahalava, haNe zake, meMgole vagerene potAnA vizALa udaramAM AvakAryA, temane apanAvI lIdhA. temanI pAsethI uttama vastuo kaI chacha rAkhyA vinA apanAvI lIdhI. Aje bhAratamAM keI ekAdI prajA hajI paNa pitAnuM alaga astitva rAkhavA mathatI hoya ke te potAnI jAtane aLagI rAkhatI hoya te temAM bhAratanA vizALane udAra aMtaHkaraNane doSa nathI. prema-anurAga ane kuTuMba vatsalatA : bhAratIya samAja pitAnA pAradaza maniSio vaDe prabaMdhAyelAM sUtrene kAraNe vyaktigata, sAmAjika ane kauTuMbika Jain Education Interational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha rIte UrmizIla, vatsala ane bhAvuka rahyo che. saMyukta kuTuMbanI Aja sudhI sacavAyelI prathAmAM pitAnA upara duHkha laIne paNa pitAnA svajanane sukhI karavA sukha ane saMpatti vaheMcIne bhegavavA IzvarArpaNa buddhithI jIvavuM, nimitta mAtra thaIne saunA zubhAzubhamAM samabhAgI thavuM, A badhA korA satyane bhAgye ja irSA, kalaha vagere jovA maLyAM che. sahiSatAnI lAgaNI:- , vistarI sthaLAethI karatamAMja gya pitAnA nizcita abhiprAya, lAgaNIo ke zraddhA hovA chatAM anyanA mata paNa sAMbhaLavA joIe, anya abhiprAye, saMpradAye, sAdhuo paNa samAdaraNIya che. anyamAM paNa satya darzana heI zake. AvI lAgaNI bhAratIya samAjamAM rahI che. jaina darzanamAM anekAMtavAda athavA svAvAda A prakAranI sahiSNutAne namUne che. svasudhAraNAnI pravRtti - - vedanA jJAnakAMDanI sAme pUrva mImAMsAne karmakAMDa prabaLa banyA tyAre A samAjamAMthI ja zaMkarAcArya AvyA ane ekezvaravAda nirguNa advaitavAdane jhaMDo laherAvI gayA. mUrti pUjAnI vadhu paDatI vevalI bhakti sAme A samAja mAMja dayAnaMda, akhe, kabIrasAheba jevA viDIo thayA. satI thavAne rivAja, dUdhapItI karavAnA anartha sAme svamInArAyaNa ane rAmamehanarAya jevA samartha vicArako laDyA. ane prajAe paNa AvA vidrohIone Do samaya navuM lAgatA sAmano karIne paNa chevaTe temanAM vacano svikArI lIdhAM. saMskRtinAM upara jaNAvyA jevA gurU siddhAMtane kAraNeja bhAratIya saMskRti parivartana pAmatI pAmatI paNa dhruva satya vALI niraMtara banI rahI che. AvA saMskRtinA nirmANamAM AryonuM mahatva ghaNuM che. A svabhAvathI zrI rAhula sAMkRtyAyana kahe che tema "dhUmADI rahyA che. vaccenA aMdhakAra yugamAMja samudra oLaMgavAthI dharmabhaSTa thaI javAya vagere pAmara ane bIkaNa sidhdhAMte AvyA. Arya prajAnA mULa vatana aMge pazcimanA mahArathI vicArakoe A madhya eziyAnA medAnamAMthI judI judI ToLIomAM vaheMcAI ne bhArata AvyA e sidhdhAMta Ape che ane Aje te lagabhaga sarvamAnya svikAra pAmyo che. paraMtu lokamAnya TiLaka mahArAja ane yAkobI jevA vidvAnonA mate paNa ciMtya che. Arya prajA uttara dhruvanA pradezamAM ke bhAratamAMja mULa vatana dharAvatI hatI ane A sthaLoethI te judA judA dezamAM vikharAtI gaI, vistaratI gaI A mata paNa saMzodhanane yogya bhUmikA te dharAve che ja. agatya viMdhyAcaLane namAvI dakSiNamAM gayA ke samudranuM pAna karI gayA vagere purANa kathA eno Azaya eka vidvAna anyatra noMdhe che tema dakSiNanA pradezamAM ane samudra pAra karIne pUrvIya dezamAM temaNe Arya sabhyatAnA karelA pracArane samajAvavA mATe paNa hoI zake che. navA sumAtrAmAM temanI mUtie paNa maLI AvI che. bhAratIya samAjanI manovaijJAnika ane caitasika ekatA paNa paryaTana tIrthATanone lIdhe rahI che. A badhA parivrAjaka paryaTake, saMta, dharmapracArake pAse amUlya prANudhana te emanAM zAzve. vedoe (saMhitA A brAhmaNa graMtha ane upaniSado) bhAratanA ciMtana ane AcAra dharmane Aje sahastra varSothI prabaLa preraNA ApI che. rAmAyaNanA kuTuMba premanA kAvye bhAratanA sImADAo oLaMgI jAvA sumAtrA ane hAlamAM seviyeTa raziyA sudhI hadayamAM sthAna prApta karyuM che. mahAbhAratanA vizvakeze te mahApurUSane paNa preraNA pUrI pADI che. A sivAya bhAgavata gItagoviMda tripiTaka jainadarzananA AcArAMga uttarAdhyayana ane kalpasUtre jevA graMtharatnoe prajAmAM svastha jIvananuM nirmANa karyuM che. dakSiNa bhAratanI bhASAmAM lakhAyela tamiLa draviDa, telugu graMthAe paNa saMjIvanInuM kArya karyuM che. uttama gAharaNya, Adarza paramahaMsapaNuM - " varNAzrama vyavasthA sAme Aje je prahAre ane AkSepa karavAmAM Ave che temAM AMzika satya hovA chatAM samAja vyavasthA ane namUnedAra jIvana praNAlI A siddhAMtemAMthI varSo sudhI maLI che. vaidika. jaina, bauddha darzanee paramahaM. sene, parivrAjakene kaivalyanI prApti mATe uttamAdhikArI gaNyA hovA chatAM A badhA darzanoe gRhasthAzramane badhAnA pAyArUpa piSaka, dhAraka gaNIne gRhastha pitAnA saMsAra vyavahAranI vacce rahIne vadhumAM vadhu vItarAga vigaSaNa kema banI zakAya te zIkhavI rahyA che. bhAgavatadharma gharano tyAga karyA vinA bhagavAnanA svarUpanI prAptinA upAyo batAve che. te carama tIrthaMkara mahAvIre paNa sAdhusAdhvIo sAthe zrAvaka zrAvikAonA astitvane mAna ApIne caturvidha saMgha prAdhe che. ane AcArAMga sUtromAM zrAvaka zrAvikAone dharmopAsanA nAM niyamo zIkhavADI temane mukati mArganI yAtrA mATe taiyAra kare che. asmitA bhAga-2 prastuta graMtha bhAratIya amitA-bhAga-2 hovAthI bhAratane kendramAM rAkhIne ja temAM lekho lakhAyA che te apekSita ja che. paNa sAthe sAthe samagra eziyA khaMDanI prAcIna arvAcIna gati vidhionuM paNa temAM nidarzana karAvavA tajajJa lekhakoe bhAre parizrama lIdhe che. bhArata je kaMI che te vizva ane eziyAnA saMdarbhamAM che. koIpaNa rASTrapitAne sImAvatI ke Jain Education Intemational tior Intermational

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14 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 auSadheno bhaMDAra che. himAlayamAM evI auSadhione jaDIbuTTIo thAya che jenuM sevana karavAthI game tevA viSama vyAdhio dUra thAya, anidrAthI pIDAyelAne nidrA sulabha thAya, varSo sudhI yauvana karamAyA vinA TakI rahe. vRddhAvasthAnA cihano Ave ja nahi. mahinAo sudhI bhUkha tarasa na lAge, mahinAo sudhI game tevI kaMThI, garamI varasAda khullAM zarIre sahana karI zakAya, vaLI je pUratuM saMzodhana karavAmAM Ave te hRdayaroga, kensara, kSaya, DAyAbITIsa jevA jIvaleNa rogo paranAM auSadhe himAlayanA pradezamAMthI ja maLI rahe evI pUrI zakayatA che. A sivAya bhAratamAM ghera ghera ke gAmegAma jevA maLatAM lImaDA, tulasI, araDUsI jevA vRkSo ke choDavAo paNa auSadha-vijJAnanI parIkSAmAM saphaLatAthI pAra UtaryA che. paravatI rASTrathI nirapekSapaNe kayAreya gaurava ke siddhi sAdhI na zake. bhArate paNa vizvanA paripekSyamAM ja Aje jIvavAnuM che eTale asmitA sAthe anya rASTranI pragati, gaurava, siddhio, AkAMkSAo, rAjadvArIne Arthika nItionuM vAraMvAra mUlyAMkana ane manana karIne potAne mArga nizcita karavo paDe. bhArata game tevuM sAMskRtika rIte mahAna hovAno dAvo karatuM hoya te paNa teNe vizvanA saMdarbhamAM ja vicAravAnuM rahe. ane saunA samavayaska nahi te samabhAvI sAthI banIne ja UbhA rahevAnuM. ne tethI eziyA khaMDanuM eka saMkSepamAM avakana karavAnuM jarUrI che. eziyAno vistAra 1,169700 corasa mAIla arthAta pRthvInA kula jamInanA vistAranA 18% temAM samAveza pAmela che. tenI pUrva pazcima pahoLAI 2400 mAila ane uttara dakSiNa laMbAI 5300 mAIla che. eziyA dezomAM aneka prakAranI prajAo AvelI che. turkI, yahudIo, AphrikAnI aneka jAtio, barmIo, jApAnIo, cInAo, gurakhAo, kerIyana, gerA raziyane, musalamAne, Arabo ane bhAratIyo A jAtionI prajAnA vividha dharmane dharma graMtha che. eka bAju nepALa jevuM cUsta hiMdu rAjya che te sAmyavAdI cIna ane raziyane dharmane aphINu mAnI tenA bUjhavA khyAlane tiraskAra karanAra che. silena (zrIlaMkA) mAM bauddha dharma che Araba, IrAna pAki. stAnIo IslAmamAM mAne che. te bhAratIya gaNataMtra dharma nirapekSa che. A pradezamAM ja ba Ibala, kurAna-ezarIpha ane vedanI RcAo guMjI UThI. ahIM ja kanphayuziyasa zinTo, lAenjha thayA te avatArI puruSa jevuM ja sanmAna meLavI cUkelA mAojotuMga paNa A khaMDanA aitihAsika mahApuruSa che. duniyAnA zreSTha ane pavitra girirAja ane pavitra nadI paNa eziyAkhaMDa dharAve che. duniyAnuM sauthI UMcuM evaresTa (gaurIzaMkara) zikhara himAlayamAM che. te jApAnamAM supta javALAmukhI phayujhiyAmAM che dakSINa cIna ne dakSiNa bhArata zrI laMkA vageremAM khUbaja UcuM uSNatAmAna, Akaro unALe hoya che te bIjIbAju Araba rASTromAM kaccha (bhArata) ati varasAdavALA pradezo che te bhAratamAM cerApuMjI sauthI vadhu bhAratanA giranAra ane aravallI etihAsika rIte himAlaya paNa vadhu prAcIna parvata gaNAya che gaMgA, yamunA satalaja, rAvI, yAMga se kyAMga brahmaputrA, IrAvatI vagere nadIo ullekha nIya che kAzI mathurA vRMdAvana bAdhigayA pAvApurI makkAmadinA ane jerUsalema jevA tirtha paNa e ziyAmAM che. eziyA khaMDamAM ja IjIptanA pirAmIDo bhAratane tAjamahela, ane cInanI lAMbI dIvAla jevI vivazruta ajAyabIo AvelI che khanIja telanuM vipula utpAdana karatA Arabadeze to kelese jasata, kalA sIsuM enuM lokhaMDa meMgenIjha utpanna karatA deze paNa eziyAmAM AvelA che. vizvanA prAcInatama saMskRtio sumeyina bebiloniyana, nAIla mehe-jo-daDo ne harappA, temaja cInI saMskRtione pitapatAnI viziSTa lAkSaNikatAo hatI. eziyA khaMDanI vanaspati sRSTi ja pAra vinAnI vividhatA dharAve che. tRNa eTale ghAsa, guma eTale choDavAo, taruo, vRkSo ane auSadhio AvA prakAra saMskRta purANe ane AyurvedanA graMthomAM jovA maLe che. eziyA khaMDanA dezamAM eka tarapha bhAratamAM AMbe, vaDa, lImaDo, sukhaDa sAganAM vRkSe thAya che te kAzamIrI kesara ane lIMbu paNa bhAratamAM thAya che. drAkSa pazcima eziyAnuM ghaNuM jANItuM phaLa che ane te AvI temaja auSadhopacAramAM paNa upayogI che. mosaMbI mULa cInanuM paNa Aje eziyA khaMDanA ghaNuM dezamAM thAya che. saMtarA-nAraMgI himAlaya pradezanAM che jyAre sapharajaMda pazcima eziyAmAM vipula pramANamAM thAya che. sUko mevo Araba rASTromAM sArA pramANamAM thAya che. tejAnA pUrva eziyA, dakSiNa bhArata, zrIlaMkA vageremAM thAya che. Ama phaLaphalamAM eziyA samRddha che. gulAba ane kamaLanAM puSpa je vizvabharamAM sauMdarya ane saurabhanA kAraNe advitIya kIrti dharAve che te paNa eziyAnI bhUmimAM ne bhAratamAM khAsa thAya che. A badhAM uparAMta himAlaya to aneka viziSTa jaDIbuTTIo ane AgaLa jaNAvyuM tema vizvanI vasatInA ardhA bhAgathI paNa vadhu vasatI eziyAkhaMDa dharAve che chatAM ahIM vastInI vaheMcaNI samAna nathI tAIvAna, cIna bhArata jevA keTalAka pradezo vadhAre pradezo vadhAre pramANamAM gIca vasatIvALA che te mAIlenA mAIlo sudhI vastI hIna vistAra paNa eziyA mAM che. tenuM kAraNa eziyA khaMDamAM parvata zreNIo che. vaLI ucca pradeza paNa eziyA khaMDamAM kula kSetraphaLanA pAMcamAM bhAgamAM che. evuM noMdhavAmAM AvyuM che. viSama havA ane khetI mATe Arogya pradeze paNa ghaNuM moTA pramANamAM che. eziyAnI girimALAnuM svarUpa pUrvamAM patharAyela saurA, at che. gulAkanuM thAya nA pUrva ema Jain Education Intenational

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smRti sada graMtha pazcimamAM sAMkaDuM che. eziyAmA pradezamAM pAmIranA ucca pradeza duniyAmAM sauthI vadhu UMcAI dharAvatA pradeza che. tyAMthI ja aneka paryaMta zreNIe judI paDe che. ekalI himAlayanI parvata zreNInI ja vAta laie teA siMdhunA taTa pradezathI brahmaputrAnA medAnanA pradeza sudhI te 1500 mAIla lAMbI che paNa uttara dakSiNa laMbAI 150 mAIlathI ce echI che. hiMdukuza parvatamALA bhArata ane aphaghAnIstAna vaccenI prAkRtika sarahada che. teja pramANe gilagITa ane sulemAna parvatanI zreNI paNa 8000 jeTalI UMcAinA parvata zikharo dharAvanArI che. eziyAmAM jema vividha paryaMta zreNIe che tema nadIe paNa A khaMDane phaLadrupa medAneA siMcAinI savalatA jaLavidyuta ane mabalakha anAja pUrUM pADe che. A nadIe mukhyatve madhya eziyAnA ucca bhAgamAMthI nIkaLe che ekabAju eme cenesI ane lInA jevI nadIe sAmiriyAnA pradezeAmAMthI vahe che teA Amura hAAMgahA yAMgarasekayAMga, miSrAMga ane minAma nadIe raziyA, cIna, vieTanAma, thAileMDa vagere pradezAne saMpanna banAve che siMdhu, gaMgA, brahmaputrA, irAvatI A bhArata ane brahmadezanI nadIone paricaya ApavAnI bhAgye ja jarUra hoya. A uparAMta geAdAvarI kRSNa kAverI, narmadA, tApI, sAbaramati, vAtraka, mahI, bhAdara vagere nadIe paNa bhAratanA dakSiNa pazcima vibhAgeAne mATe mahattvanI che hujalA ane krAta IrAkanI nadIe che. temAMnI hujalA 1150 ane pharAta 1800 mAila lAMkhI che. aphaghAnIstAnanI DelamaDha nI 900 mAila lAMbI che. eziyAmAM sAgaranA paTa paNa ullekhanIya che. ArkaTika mahAsAgara, pesika mahAsAgara ane hiMdI mahAsAgara sAthe arabIsamudra paNa gaNAvI zakAya. hiMdI mahAsAgara cheka dakSiNa dhruvanA pradeza paryaMta vistarela che. pesiphika duniyAne sauthI UMDA samudra che: eziyA khaMDanA AbehuvA ane havAmAnanI tAttvika carcA karatA lebanI sAmagrI UMDA abhyAsa pachI lakhAyelI che. eka bAju UMcI parvata zreNIe te bIjI bAju samudrathI dUra dUranAM sthaLAne kAraNe eziyAnA judA judA dezeAnI Abe havA te eka sarakhI che ja nahi paNa eka dezamAM paNa viSama AmehavA vALA pradezeA che. jemake kacchanA pradezamAM varasA danuM pramANa nahivata che. mahArASTra, gujarAta, maisuramAM varasA hanu pramANa vadhatuM ochu rahyA kare che te| dakSiNa pUrvIya vistArAne ziyALAne unALA bannemAM varasAda prApta thatA rahe che. rAjasthAnamAM varasAdanuM pramANa ghaNuM ochuM che. ziyALAmAM ThaMDInuM pramANa ane unALAmAM garamInuM pramANu paNa eziyAmAM ati viSama che. Jain Education Intemational 15 A badhI bhautika siddhie karatAMe eziyA ane bhAratanuM mahattama ane gaurava bharyuM pradAna teA juduM ja che. ApaNA bhArata deza manu mahArAja kahe che ke saMpUrNa duniyAnA mAnavAne cAritra zikSaNa ApI zake tevA che. bhArata ane saMpUrNa eziyA khaMDa samagra vizvamAM jagadgurUnuM sthAna dharAve che. eziyA khaMDamAM udbhavelA dharmane ApaNA eka lekhake mukhya traNa vibhAgeAmAM vaheM'cI nAkhyA che, (1) dakSiNa eziyAnI bhUminA dharmAM jemake hiMdudharma, auddha jaina ane zIkha dharma, (2) pazcima eziyAmAM udbhavela dharmA-jevA ke yahudI dharma, islAma, khristI dharma ane jaththostI dharma, (3)pUrva eziyAnA dharmapathAmAM zinTo, kanphyuziyasa ane tAe dhama eziyA khaMDamAM udbhavelAM A vividha dharmonI tAsIra paNa avaleAkana karavA jevI che. vaidika dharma yA hiMdu dharma : hiMdu zabda to ghaNA meADA astitvamAM Avela zabda che. keTalAka lokonA mate bhArata bahAranI pujAe sindhu nadI parathI Indu, indu ne chevaTe hiMdu evuM nAma Apelu che paNa bhAratanA eka maniSI vidvAne hiMsAthI jemanu citta dubhAya te hindu tarIke oLakhAvela che hiMdudharmanI A paribhASA sarvAMge satya che bhAratanA vaidika dharmomAM ne pAchaLathI jaina ane bauddha tatvajJAnanA mukhya siddhAMtamAM ahiMsA ane abhaya vaidika dharmo tenu mULa nAma che tene koI sthApaka nathI mAnavajIvananA vikAsa kramamAM te svAbhAvika rIte Avela dharma che te mAtra saMpradAya nathI paNa jIvananI paddhita vicAradana che. hiMdu dharma ahArathI aneka deva devIne pUjatA ne mUrtipUjaka dha lAge che paNa vAstavamAM te ekezvaravAdI ane nirguNa nirAkAra eka sarvottama tattvamAM zraddhA dharAve che . mUrti pUjA tA tenI pratIkepAsanAnA ke AlaMbana mAtra che. jagatanuM zreSTha ciMtana A dharmanuM pradAna che. nyAya, yAga, sAMkhya ane vedAMta jevI viziSTa ane molika zAstrIya vicAraNA A dharmamAM thai che A dharmanA AdhAra graMtha mAtra koI eka ja graMtha nathI ne tene kAraNe kadAca hiMdu dharmane lAbha nathI ne tene kAraNe kadAca hiMdu dharmane lAbha jeTaluM nukazAna paNa thayuM chatAM vede ane bhagavadgItA e hiMdudharmanA dareka nAnA moTA saMpradAyAnAM pramANabhUta graMthA gaNAya che. ---.

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16 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 jainadharma : nvayanA prayatna rUpe pragaTa dharma che graMtha sAheba-tene pradhAna dharmagraMtha che. tenuM mULa nAma "japajI" che. A dharma paNa ekezvaravAdI dharma che. temAM Izvara nirguNa, nirAkAra, dhAraka, piSaka ane preraka sarva zaktimAna che. te anaMta divya ane kalyANamaya guNa dharAve che tenI upAsanAmAM sauthI vizeSa nAma smaraNa arthAta japa ane kIrtana che. Izvara tatva temAM sarvoparI che ane temAM pUrNa zraddhA, pUrNabhakita A dharmanAM mahattvanAM siddhAMte che. IslAma dharma : jaina dharmamAM Izvara viSe eka khAsa paddhattithI vicAraNA karavAmAM AvI che. A dharmamAM jIva ane ajIva evA be anAdi ane anaMta tane svIkAra kare che ane A be to svayam siddha mAne che vizva ane tenA padArtho A benAM saMjananuM pariNAma che tethI Izvara tattva jevuM kaI sarjaka, pAlaka ke saMhAraka tattva jaina darzanane abhipreta nathI. jaina darzanamAM sauthI mahattvano siddhAMta kamano siddhAMta che. sRSTimAMnA badhA ja jIve pitAnA zubhAzubha karmonAM pariNAme avazya bhegave ja che. sukhaduHkha A badhAM karmone paripAka che tethI IzvaranA anugraha ke nigrahanI jaina darzanane keI AvazyatA jaNAI nathI chatAM AtmAnI divyatA, pavitratA, anaMtajJAna, anaMta zraddhA ane anaMta parAkramamAM tene vizvAsa che. cetana jIve jaDanAM baMdhano teDI carama mukatAvasthAmAM pahoMcavAnuM che tene ahaMta pada kahevAmAM Ave che jaina dharma bahArathI nirIkavaravAdI lAge che ahaM te tIrthakare nAM pUjA-ArAdhanA ke pratike bhakti ane zraddhAnAM prayatama pAtro banI rahyAM che. hiMdu dharmanI jema jaina dharma paNa paraleka ane punarjanmanA siddhAMtamAM mAne che. baudhdha dharma - karIe tenA janmabhUmi sthApaka. IslAma A dharmanA sthApaka bhagavAna buddhane paNa Izvara vicAravA je gaMbhIra viSaya lAgyo nathI. izvaranA astitvanI bauddhone bahu paDI nathI. I2 tattvanuM khaMDana karavAmAM paNa temaNe samaya ke zakitane upayoga karyo nathI. bauddha siddhAMta mujaba vizvanI kaI paNa ghaTanA ke padArtha akAraNa ke akasmAta thatI ja nathI. tene koI AdhAra jarUra hoya che. vizvamAM dekhAtI vibhinnatAnuM kAraNa karmavAda che. pratyeka ja-patAnA zubhAzubha karma pramANe ja baMdhanAvasthA ke muktAvasthA meLave che. jagatamAM sarvatraduHkhanuM mULa vAsanA che, vAsanAone nirmULa karI zakAya che ane nirvANa padanI prApti thaI zake che. bhagavAna buddha paNa mUlata: mUrtipUjAnA ugra virodhI hatA paNa keTalAka saikAo pachI budhanI ja mUrtio pUjAvA lAgI ane temane ja Izvara jevuM gaurava maLI gayuM. budhdha darzanamAM paNa zUnyavAdI, mAdhyamika, sautrAntika ane megAcAravAdI baudhdhanA saMpradAyo che. temanAM vicAre abhyasa badhA dakSiNa eziyAnA dharmo viSe jANyA pachI pazcima eziyAnA mahattvanA dha nuM ApaNe saMkSepamAM avakana karIe. pazcima eziyAno eka mahatvane dharma IralAma, arabastAna tenI janmabhUmi. kurAna tene dharmagraMtha ane hajharata mahamaMda payagaMbara sAheba tenA sthApaka. IslAmane artha che jagatanA sarvazreSTha ane eka mAtra paramezvara allAhanA zaraNe javuM. alAha ajeya, adbhuta, paramakRpAvAna, dayALu ane udAra evA mAlika che. A parama dayALu alAha jagatane jyAre pitAne saMdeza pahoMcADavA che tyAre jagata para payagaMbara rasula yA nabI pRthvI para padhAre islAmanuM eka khAsa sUtra che. "allAho akabara" eno artha thAya chealAha ja mAtra eka Izvara che ane zaraNe javA gya mAlika che allAha kadI koithI janmatA nathI. tenI samAna keI nathI. te eka ane advitIya che, tenI jevuM A jagatamAM anya kazuM na hovAthI allAhane kenI upamA ApI zakAya ? allAha nirguNa niraMjana nirAkAra hovA chatAM sarvasva, sarvadraSTA, sarvazrotA, sarva sattAdhIza kSamA ApanAra sajA karanAra, rahamAvAna, dhAraka, piSaka, pAlaka, preraka ane sarva samartha zreSTha che. IslAmamAM pAMca vAra allAhanI baMdagI karavAmAM Ave che tene namAja kahevAya che. IslAma kaTTara rIte mUrtipUjAnI viruddha che temAM paramattva allAha ke payagaMbara sAheba suddhAM keInI mUrti chabI ke citra pUjavAmAM AvatAM nathI Ama chatAM makkA zarIphamAM kAbA nAmane pavitra paththara che tene pavitra ane sanmAna ApavAmAM Ave che. islAmanA anuyAyIonI saMkhyA ghaNI vizALa che. khristI dharma : nIya che. zIkha dharma ; pUrNatayA bhAratIya A dharma IslAmanA bhAratamAM thayelA prabaLa pracAranA pratyAghAtarUpe hiMdu dharma ane islAmanA sama- vizvamAM ghaNAM vyApaka dharmomAM khristI dharma paNa gaNAvI zakAya. tenI sthApanA Isu khriste karelI che. yahadI kemamAM pravezela keTalAka vahe aMdhazraddhA ane kurUDhione sudhArA rUpe janmela khristI dharmanAM prema, tyAga, mAnavasevA ane bhAtRbhAvanA uMcA Adarzo che. khristIdharma paNa Izvarane parama Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 17 kRpALu, sarva zaktimAna, sarvajJa paramapavitra sannata, satyazIla, dayAmukta nyAyI ane paramaprema rUpa che. Izvarane IsAIdharma paramapitA kahe che Izvarane traNa svarUpe khristI dharmamAM che. sAtamA AsamAnamAM rahela parama kANika pavitra ane parama pitAnuM eka svarUpa, putrarUpe pRthvI para divyarUpe padhArela IsunuM bIjuMrUpa ane pratyeka manuSyanA hRdayamAM nivAsa karanAra evuM trIjarUpa. pRthvI para prabhunA parama rAjyanI sthApanA khristI dharmane Adarza che. A rAjya prema, dayA ane bhAtRbhAvanuM che. sAcI vyakitae karela aparAdhane dhyAnamAM na letAM tene kSamA ane premanA jaLathI snAna karAvavuM, pitAnA pAponuM prAyazcita ane kSamA mAgavI ane bhagavAnanA zaraNe pUrNa zradhdhA ane bhaktithI jaIne paramapitAne prArthanA karavI. A be IsAI dharmanA pAyAnA siddhAMto che. bAIbala A dharmane AdaraNIya sarvamAnya graMtha che. yahadI dharma : zreSTha, sarjaka, sarvotkRSTa mitra, rakSaka, karUNuvAna, udAra ane sarvadA ekarasa eka ane advitIya che. paramAtmAnI prApti mATe avestA graMtha pavitra ane pramANita , A. e saguNe anivArya gaNe che. paramAtmAnI zubha ane azubha AvI be zakitao che. pArasI dharmamAM paNa ekezvaravAdanA sidhdhAMta che. chatAM paramAtmAnI vividha zaktione temAM Adara ApavAmAM Ave che. jarathuSTradharmanA adhyayana pachI ApaNe pUrva eziyAnA traNa cAra mukhya dharma saMpradAyanuM saMkSepamAM adhyayana karavuM Avazyaka che. ApaNe sau prathama prAcIna cInI saMta kanphayuziyase prAcIna paraMparAone samanvita karI tene rUpAMtara ApyuM tevA kanphayuziyasa dharmanA muddAo joIe. kenphayuziyasane paramArtha ane paralekanA vicAra karavAnI bahu AvazyaktA jaNAI nathI. temaNe jIvananA vyavahAra pakSanI zudhdhi ane AcAra-niSThA upara vadhu vajana ApyuM che. kenphayuziyasa jIvana saraLa ane pavitratama vyavahArane sadAcAra nAma Ape che. A sadAcAra ke bAhya paribaLAnuM pariNAma nathI paNa jIvana jIvatAM svAbhAvika rIte ja lAdhelAM mUlya che. sadAcAramAMthI IzvarIya jIvana ane divyatA prApta thAya che. alabata A dharmamAM paNa pUjA-upAsanAnA bAhya kriyA kalApa che. kAraNake A dharmamAM paNa zAntI eTale svarga, mRtyu, pAtALanA svAmI evA parAtpara paramAtmAnuM svarUpa kalpI tenI ArAdhanA karavA jaNAvyuM che. tAo dharma: mAi nathI upara 11.vitratama yahudI dharmamAM IzvaranA sarvajJa tattvane svIkAra che. tenuM nAma jahovAha che. A Ivara sarvajJa sarva zaktimAna che, te jagata ane prANIone niyaMtA che. paNa manuSyanA karmo pramANe tene kaThora sajA karanAra che. IzvaranI mUrtipUjAne zarUAtamAM AdhamamAM niSedha hato paNa pAchaLathI yahudIo aneka devadevIonI pUjA upAsanA karavA lAgyA. Izvare mejhIjhane daza AjJAo ApI ane A daza AjJAonuM barAbara pAlana karavAmAM Ave te paramAtmAe temanA pUrNa saMrakSaNanuM vacana Apelu che jUnA karAra nAmanA pavitra bhAgamAM A jagatanI utpatti, jIvonI utpatti, jagatanA prathama AdamanI utpatti vagerenI vAta che. vaLI temAM chelle Izvara-zaraNAgatinuM paNa suMdara varNana che. Izvara mahAmahima, sarvajJa, zakitamAna che. Izvarane pUrNa paNe koI joI zakatuM nathI. keI tenA tatvane pAra pAmI zakatuM nathI. yahudI dharmamAM paNa ekezvaravAda, izvarabhakita ane mUrtipUjAne virodha mukhya siddhAMta che. lAose nAmanA eka pavitra saMte A dharmanI sthApanA karelI. A dharmanu" prabhavasthAna paNa cIna che. temaNe parAtpara paramAtmA gUDha ane rahasyamaya tatva che ema jaNAvI te paramAmAnAM ja eka nAma, tAo parathI dharmanuM nAma pADyuM, paNa keTalAka leke tAo zabdano artha paramAtmAne pAmavAne paMtha evo paNa kare che. A tAe arthAta paramAtmA nirAkAra, ajanmA, avinAzI, sarvathI zreSTha ane samajI ne zakAya tevuM paramatatva che. parama tatvatAoja sarva prANIonuM gaMtavya sthAna paramagati che. A dharmanAM tatvanuM varNana bhAratanAM upaniSadomAM varNavelAM brahmatatvane ghaNuM maLatuM Ave che. AvA parama rahasya vAdI dharmamAM bahu kriyAkAMDane astitva na hoya te svabhAvika che. paNa pAchaLathI tAo dharmamAM paNa camatkAro ghUsI gayA ane jJAnakAMDa gauNa banI gaye. jarathostI dharma : A dharmanI janmabhUmi IrAna che. tenA sthApaka aze jarathuSTra che. A dharmane dharmagraMtha averatA che. averatAnI bhASA hiMdu dharmanA vedanI bhASA sAthe ghaNuM maLatI Ave che. avestAmAM paramAtmAnuM nAma ahura majada che teno artha thAya mahAna ane sarvajJa Izvara, vaLI tene eka artha saune jIvana denAra e paNa thAya che. ahara eTale prANavAna baLavAna, paramAtmA sauthI moTo jyotirmaya prakAzaka sarjaka, pAlaka ane saMhAraka che. pArasI dharmamAM agninI pUjA karavAmAM Ave che. ahura majada eTale ke ivara jagatanA sarva Jain Education Intemational

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18 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 zinto dharma - - sUryodayanA deza jApAnamAM IsvIsana pUrvanI lagabhaga chaDI ke sAtamI sadImAM A dharma pALavAmAM Avato hato ane tyAra bAda seMkaDe varSo sudhI jApAnI prajAnA AcAra vicAra para A prAcIna dharmane prabhAva rahyo. A gharmanA be graMtha samAdaraNIya che ke jIkI ane nihAna paramAtmAne A dharma kamI nAmathI oLakhe che. A dharmanA uparokta bane graMthe ApaNA purANa sAhitya jevA che temAM devatAonI tenI ane jApAnamAM sUryavaMzamAM thai gaelA rAjavIonI kathAo che. A dharma paNa sadAcArI jIvana viSe vAraMvAra bhAra Ape che. ziste dharmanA paramAtmAnuM svarUpa bhAratanA vedattara kAlIna sAhityamAM varNavelA devatAvizeSa jevuM che A pramANe eziyA khaMDamAM pracalita ane A pavitra bhUmimAM ja jenuM prabhavasthAna che tevA dharmonuM siMhAlekana karatAM ApaNane spaSTa jaNAze ke A badhAja dharmomAM sadAcAra naitikatA ane UMDI Ijhara zradhdhA sAthe viziSTa ciMtananI samRdhdhi paNa tenA sAhityamAM bharelI che. vizvasaMskRtio nuM pAraNuM hiMcaLanAra eziyana saMskRti eziyAnI bhUmi jema dharma, adhyAtma ane darzana nI bhUmi rahI che. tema vizvamAM prAcIna saMskRtionAM pAraNAM eziyAkhaMDe hiMcaLyA che. saMskRti zabdano vizALa artha che. satyatA eTale mAtra AcAra-UThavA, besavA, khAvA pIvA, haLavA maLavAnI ane abhivAdananI rItabhAtane sabhyatA kahevAmAM Ave che. sabhyatA te mAtra saMskRtinuM eka taddana nAnuM aMga che. saMskRti hoya tyAM UMcI jAtanI sabhyatA Avazya haze paNa jayAM sabhyatA hoya che. tyAM avazya saMskRti haze ja evuM kahI na zakAya ghaNIvAra bAhya ziSTatA dharAvatA samAjanA adhaH patananI mAtrA paNa sauthI mahattama hoya che saMskRtimAM AcAra vicAra, pariveza, darzana, kalA-zi95, sthApatya, nRtya, citra vagerene mAtra zaMbhu meLe ja che evuM paNa nathI. paNa saMskRti eTale prajAnuM sarvAgINu jIvana darzana che. saMskRti mAtra siddhione saravALe ja nathI paNa mAnava cetanAne vyApaka viratAra che. te abhyadaya ane niHzreyasa ane mArgone ajavALato mahAna dipaka che. vizvanI moTA bhAganI badhI ja saMskRtinI bhUti virATa nadIonA taTa pradeza che. eziyAmAM uddabhavelI ane vikasita thayela saMskRtiono ApaNe AgaLa ulekha karI gayA chIe. A sthaLe to mAtra eziyA khaMDanI keTalIka saMskRtionI mAtra ullekhanIya viziSTatAo ja ApaNe darzAvIzuM. nijana jovA maLe che. rAjamArgo, zerIo, makAne spaSTa paNa Ayojana sAthe vizALa snAnAgAro dhyAna kheMce che. tyAMthI ghaNI badhI mudrAo ane ramakaDAo paNa maLI AvyAM che. gaMdA pANInA nikAlanI vyavasthA paNa adabhUta sarasa che. sara janamArzala ane rAkhAladAsa benarajIe A saMskRtine sau prathama jagatane paricaya Ape. ahIM mATIkAma ane sutarAu kApaDa, citralIpI, zivaliMgo ane pazupatinI mudrAo A saMskRtine jagata bharanI unnata saMskRtiomAM sthAna ApavA pUratI sAbitIo che. A saMskRtino nAza zA kAraNe thaye te kahI zakAya ema nathI. bhAratanI bIjI saMskRti te vedakALanI vaidika saMskRti athavA Arya saMskRti. bhAratamAM Avela Arya RSio sapta siMdhunA bhUmi pradezamAM AvI vasyA temanI saMskRti, grAmINa saraLa saMskRti hatI. sAdu tapazcaryarata chatAM vIratA bharyuM temanuM jIvana hatuM. - vizvanA sauthI prAcIna graMtha zvedamAMnA keTalAMka sUkato te A saptasiMdhunA pradezamAM AvIne vasyA te pUrvenA che. vaidika sUktamAM agni varUNa IMdra vagere devonAM stuti gIte uparAMta keTalAMka saMvAda sUto jUgArIne patA ane uttama kAvyanAM aMze dharAvatAM uSA sUkta paNa che. yajurveda, sAmaveda, atharvaveda cAra saMhitAo uparAMta keTalAka brAhmaNa graMtha ane AraNyaka upaniSadomAM yajJayAganI prakriyAo. tattvaciMtana vagere che. Arya prajA saMgharSamaya jIvanamAM bahu ja bahAdurI pUrvaka pasAra thaI. Arya saMskRtimAM varNAzrama dharmanI vyavasthAne lIdhe sAmAjika saMgaThana ane sugrathitatA hatI. vaLI kSAtrateja ane brAhmateja banneno temAM subhaga samanvaya karavAmAM Avyo hato. rAmAyaNa ane mahAbhArata paNa A saMskRtinI siddhio ane maryAdAo savistara darzAve che. nAIla nadInA kinAre IjIptanI saMskRtine siMdhukhINanI saMrakRti prApta na hatI tyAM sudhI mAnava saMskRtinuM ugamasthAna kahIne oLakhavAmAM AvI hatI. vila-DurAMTa nAmanA vidvAne to ijiptanI A saMskRtino prabhAva dareka rASTra ane dareka prajA para aMkita gaNela che. nAIlanI saMskRtinA Avazyaka lakSaNomAM paMcAMga, ghathiALI mULAkSaronI citralIpI ane zAhI temaja kAgaLanAM upage paNa vicArone mugdha karyA che vaLI sthApatyanI parAkASTA rUpe tyAMnA pIrAmIDe, siMhanI ardha AkRtivALI phikasanI AkRti Aje paNa yAtrALuone mugdha kare che. siMdhu khINanI saMskRti :- ghaNI meDI zodhAyelI paNa vinnI ati prAcIna saMskRti che. A saMskRti nagarasaMskRti che. temAM vyavasthita rIte nagara Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha kApaDa ane 1800 ane vizvanI sAtaanIya che. - sumeriyana saMskRtie te pacAMga kelenDara paiDuM, garagaDI vAnI preraNA ApI. vizvane eka zreSTha kavi te vala; ane vajana temaja mApanamAM ghaNo moTo phALo Ape che. A saMskRtinuM nararatna. ramAe yuropane saMskRtinA ghaNAM bebilenamAM thayela hammarAbI te bhAratanA manu vaivasvata jevA to bheTa ApyAM ane pUrva pazcima vaccenI kaDI paNa grIsa meTA RtikAra gaNAya che. esiriyAnA lAkoe manuSya ane remanA rAjya banyAM. dvArA eka sthaLethI bIje sthaLe saMdeza vyavahAranI prathA pahelI ja vAra UbhI karI hatI. mesopoTemiyAnA eka rAja- cInanI saMrakRti :vIe te IsvIsana pUrve sAtamA saikAmAM yukreTIsa nadI para pula bAMdhyAne paNa u9lakha prApta thAya che. hikAiTa prajAe eziyAnI prAcInatama saMskRtiomAM cInanI saMskRtino te lekhaMDanI paNa zodha karelI. paNa ullekha karavo ja paDe. cInanA sAmrAjyamAM cAra hajAra varSa sudhI te kAyadA, rItarivAje, bhASA, paridhAna vagere grIsanI addabhuta saMskRti : paNa dhArApravAha cAlatA rahyAM. cInanI smRtimAM rezamI kApaDa, cInAI mATInA udyoga, cAlIsahajAra citrovALI grIsanuM nAma letAM ja uttama zarIra sauSThava ane saudarya citralIdhI ane 1800 mAIla lAMbI pilI rAkSasI dIvAla pUrNa UMcA yuddha kalA kuzaLa rAjanIti kuzaLa prajAnI je sUtelA ajagaranuM pratIka ane vizvanI sAta ajAyabIo bharI bharI yAda Ave che. nAnAM nagara rAjyanI ane leka- mAMnI eka gaNAya che. A badhI bAbate ulekhanIya che. zAsana praNAlInI keTalIye adbhuta siddhio A deze prApta | mULa to A saMskRti mAMgAla leke nI gaNAya che. karela. grIkonI saMskRtinI moTI bheTa te pleTo, erisToTala, sekreTIsa jevA vizva prasiddha citakanuM aparNa grIsanAM A pramANe eziyA khaMDanI lokamAtAonAM punita to uttama zi, homaranA IliyaDa ane DesI kAvyo, hiro- para judI judI prajA jIvananI judI judI sidhdhao dharAvatI DeTasanI ItihAsa lekhananI viziSTa paddhati, ethensa, aneka saMskRtionuM ati saMkSepamAM nidarzana ApaNe karyuM spArTInI nagara vyavasthA, lazkarI zista, pauruSabharyuM jIvana, paraMtu keIpaNa rASTra ke prajA mAtra bhUtakALanA gauravanI yAdamAM olampisamAM AraMbhAyelI olampikanI ramata ane Arki- pitAne vartamAna samunnata banAvI na zake. prajAe ane rAkhyuM miDIjha A badhAMe vizvane aneka nUtana viSayanI kSitija pitAnI sAme paDelI samasyAonuM nirAkaraNa zodhavuM joIe ughADI ApI. grIsanI saMskRtino jhAkajhamALa, doradamAma ane avirata purUSutha dvArA aneka zretramAM navI navI keDIo samagra yuropakhaMDa para saikAo sudhI bhAre prabhAva pADato AMkavI paDe. A mATe sau prathama rANe pitAnI sAme paDelI ga, grIsa je vizva vijetA banavA mATe yuddhakhora ane samasyAonuM nirAkaraNa zodhavuM joIe ane avirata purUSArtha Akramaka na banyuM hota ane rema je vilAsitAmAM sarI dvArA aneka kSetramAM navI navI keDIo AMkavI paDe. A mATe na paDayuM hota to enA ItihAsa vizvamAM kaMIka ciraMjIva sau prathama rATe ane prajAe pitAnA praznone ane saMkaTane addabhuta banyA hatA svastha cittathI vicAravA paDe. romana saMsakRti: ApaNI samakSanA paDakAro :- ka grIsanI saMskRti pachI turata ja romana saMskRtinuM nAma yAda Ave che. remana saMskRti eTale parAkrama ane prabhAvanI saMskRti. rAmanA nAnakaDA nagara rAye vizvamAM sAmrAjya banavAnuM bhagIratha kArya upADayuM te to bhale sarvathA siddha na thayuM paNa tenI leTIna bhASA ane sAhitya to zekasapIara jevA vizvanATayakArane aneka nATakonI bhavya kathAo lakha- ApaNe sau prathama bhAratanI samakSa paDelA paDakArone jANavA, samajavA paDaze. svAtaMtrya hAMsala karyA pachI ne tenA pacIsa varSa pUrA karyA chatAM bhAratamAM keTalAka saLagatA praznonuM nirAkaraNa karI zakAyuM nathI. lekene anna vastra ane raheThANe pUrA pADavA jevI mULabhUta AvazyakatAo aMge paNa kene AMdolanane rAha levo paDe e bhAre kamanasIbI che. ene arthe e nathI ke bhAratamAM anAjanI achata che. paNa sUtrathI prerAyelI rAjanIti sattAsthAne hItAnI pakaDa ane rAjakAraNamAM saidhdhAMtika matabhedone sthAne svAthI matabhedone praveza, A vicArI pagalAMo, khAnagI udyoga, sAhase ke vepArIo pratyenA uMdhA pUrvagraho ane bina jarUrI hastakSepoe anAja nI samasyAnuM nirAkaraNa karavAne badale tene vaNasAvI dIdhI che. Jain Education Intemational

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20 bhAre karaverAne kAraNe vikAsa ane bacatanI vRtti paNa mada paDI zikSaNamAM te vyApaka pramANamAM aMdhakAra pravatI rahela che. AjhAdI pachInA paccIza varSa pUrA thayA chatAM pharajiyAta ane maphata prAthamika zikSaNanAM lakSyAMka ApaNe sidhdha karI nathI zakaya. ulTAnuM AmAM ApaNe pIchehuDa karI che. vyakti dITha Avaka ghaNI nIcIche. paradezeAnA devAnuM pramANa ghaNu badhu che ane te karatAM paNa vizeSa ciMtAjanaka bAbata e che ke lokazAhImAM prajAne vizvAsa DagapagavA lAge teTalI hade bhraSTAcAra, karacArI, kALAnANAMnuM samAMtara a kAraNa ane yAjanAomAM prajAnA hutAtsAha A badhI ciMtAjanaka khAkhatA che. bhAratane banne dizAomAM be sAhasika pADozI rASTro che. tenI vadhatI jatI zastra jamAvaTa, cInane aNusattA tarIke thaI rahelA vikAsa, hiMdI mahAsAgaramAM IMglenDa amerikA dvArA naukA mathakanA thai rahelA vicAra ane tenI ceAjanAe, ApaNA dezanI sAme mephADIne UbhA rahelA prazno che. khinajuthavAdI rASTronA prabhAva AsarI rahyo che. keTalAka rASTro amuka dharmanA kAraNe ja sagaDUna pAmI rahyA che. Arae ane IjharAelanA saMghaSe paNa bhAratanAM matabyA vadhAre paDatA eka pakSI rahyA che. ane chatAM A saMgha mAMthI khanIja telanI pIDAmAMthI bhArata mukata rahI zakayu nathI. bhArate mAtra saMteSa levA jevI khAkhatA hAya tA eTalIja che ke A prajAnA prANa jAgRta che. AvI paDelA yudhdhAnA gALAmAM paNa bhAratamAM rASTrabhAvanA vyApaka pramANamAM jovA maLI che. bhUkhyA peTe paNa A prajAe dezadAjhanA dana karAvyA che. paraMtu prajAnA hRdayamAM paDelI A ekatA ane dezadAjhanI bhAvanAnA zAMtinA samayamAM zAsako sadupayoga karI zakayA nathI, ubhA thatAM praznonA nikAla lAvavAnI joIe tevI tatparatA batAvAtI nathI, e bInA duHkhada che. vividha samazyA :- bhAratanA prazno ApaNA khaMDanA praznothI atizaya judA nathI. eziyA khaMDanI keTalIka viSamatAone, samasyAone ApaNe muddAsara jozuM teA vadhAre rasa paDaze. (1) pRthvInA mAtra rU bhUmibhAga dharAvatA A khaMDamAM vizvanI 3 vasatI che. lagabhaga 1,75 amaja jeTalI vadhAre vasatI che. (2) A jana saMkhyAnuM pramANu paNa vyavasthita rIte vahe cAyeluM nathI. AgaLa jaNAvyuM tema eka kharjI sauthI gIcavastIvALA pradezeA che. teA bIjI bAju UMcI girimALAe ane raNa jevA sUkA pradezeAne kAraNe keTalAka pradeze ati alpa vasativALA che. (3) eziyAnI trIjI mATI samasyA che rAjakIya sthira tAnA abhAva. kAraNake, bhAratanA cheka paDezI deza pArita nathI eziyAnI bhUmika! sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 mAMDIne ghaNA dezeAmAM rAjAzAhI zAsana tA keivAra leAkata Mtra tA koIvAra lazkarI zAsaneAnA palTAe vAraMvAra AvatA rahyA che. mahelanI krAMti, vidyArthIonA lazkara sAthenA saMgharSo, lazkarI baLave; AMtarika uthalapAthala, anya dezeAnI daramyAna gIrI ane pArasparika athaDAmaNAe A rASTrAne paripakavatA ke sthiratA ApI nathI. (4) rAjakIya asthiratAne kAraNe prajAkIya vikAsanAM kAryo para pUratu lakSa apAyu nathI. A rASTrA lazkarI sAdhana sarAmanI hADamAM UtarI rahyAM che. piraNAme bajeTane ghaNA meTo bhAga vikAsazIla kAryo ke utpAdana vRddhine badale zastrAstra ane vimAneA kharIdInI hADamAM vaparAI rahyo che ! (5) eziyana rASTrAmAM jUtha badhI che. A jUtheA rAjakIya svArthAnI akhADAmAjImAM rAcI rahyAM che. vizALatA udAratA, paraspara samabhAva, ekatA, samagra hiteAnI pratye durlakSa. A badhAMne piraNAme eziyana prajAmAM hiMsA ane komI ke dhArmika lAgaNIonAM verajhera bhayaMkara rIte prasarI rahyAM che. Ane lAbha vistAravAdI ane saMsthAnavAdI rASTro lai rahyAM che. (6) eziyAnAM ghaNA kharA rASTro te briTana, phrAnsa, amerikA, raziyA ane cIna jevI mahAsattAonA kAvAdAvA ane prapa'calIlAnA abADAe sAbita thaI rahyA che. mahAsattAe peAtapAtAnI vaga vadhAravA ane hitane saMrakSavA A badhAM nAnAM rASTrone pyAdAM banAvI temane laDatAM jhaghaDatAM rAkhI lAcAra ane Arthika temaja lazkarI rIte AdhIna rAkhI peAtAnI kamANI ane hakka hissAo vadhArI rahI che. lazkarI joDANA athavA maitrI karArAnA rUpALAM nAme mahAsattAene te eziyana rASTromAM kusa'pa cAlu rahe, sa MghanA kSetra vistare temAM ja lAbha che. (7) AdhunikaraNa ane yAMtrIkaraNanI bAbatamAM eziyana rASTromAM samatulA vadhI. keTalAMka rASTrA A bAbatamAM sArA pramANamAM vikasita thAya che paNa ghaNI moTI saMkhyAnA rASTra te hajI sAyakala yugamAM jIvI rahyAM che. cIna ane jApAna vakAsamAM sauthI mokhare che. laDAimAM kheAkharU thaI gayelu jApAna ane vaSaeN sudhI pIDita, kacaDAyeluM ane ALasu cIna; haraNaphALa pragati sAdhI zakayA che. bhAratamAM audyogI karaNa hatuM ne svataMtratA prApti pachI temAM vadhAro paNa thaye che paNu maLataNanI taMgI ane parAvalaMbana tene mUMjhavI rahela che. jyAre zrIlaMkA, malAyA, sumAtrA, vagere dezeAmAM cA ane rakhkhara para Arthika avalaMbana che brahmadeza, thAileMDa, iMDoneziyA vagere dezomAM paNa akAraNa udyogalakSI ke vaijJAnika nathI paNa cAkhAnA pAka para avalaMbe che. Arama rASTro temane maLelA kudaratI khanIja telanA jaththA para atyAre

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21 smRti saMdabha graMtha duniyAbharane nacAvI, akaLAvI rahyA che. paNa khanIja telanI jagyAe navuM baLataNa zedhAze tyAre A rASTronI sthiti mA mane keDImAMthI kADha" jevI thaI paDe to navAI jevuM nahi lAge ! (8) eziyAI samAja jIvanamAM varga vigrahanuM pramANa paNa vistarI rahyuM che. khetamajUrone audyogika kAmadAronAM sagaDune ane ardha lazkarI saMsthAo, vyArAvAdI pravRttio, A badhI paNa nirAkaraNa mAgatI samasyAo che. (9) jhaDapI vikAsa ane vadhI rahelI suvidhAone kAraNe grAma pradeza chinna-vicchinna thaI rahyAM che ane zaherI karaNanuM pramANa akaLAvI mUke tevI rIte vadhatuM jAya che. (10) zaherIkaraNane vaLI tenI potAnI samasyAo che. manuSyanuM yaMtravat jIvana, kuTuMbasukhane abhAva, mAtRpitR vAtsalyathI bALakanuM vaMcita rahevuM, gaMdA vasavATo, pazutulya ekadhAyuM bhAravAhI jIvana vagere sAthe lUMTaphATa, cerI, baLAtkAra, khUna vagerenA kAraNe manuSya mAnava banavAne badale dAnavatAnI samIpa jAya che. AvI dasa mukhya samasyAo to turata ja najare caDe tevI che. AthI paNa vadhAre cIvaTathI abhyAsa karavA jaIe te AjanA mUMjhavatA prazno te vadhu maLavAno saMbhava che. ghaDIbhara nirAza thaI javAya tevA A rAkSasI prazno che. AmAMnA rAjakIya prazno te samagra eziyAnI prajA jAgrata thAya ane ekatAnI najare jue tyAre ukale tevA che paNa bhinnabhinna rAjakIya vicArasaraNIo Ama thavA de tevo te saMbhava ja kayAM che? Arthika ane sAmAjika muzkelIo paNa sahiyArA prayatnothI ja ukale tema che. asmitAnA bhA-ramAM zrI pravINa zeThe A prazno para sucAru ciMtana karI tenA samAdhAnanI dizAo paNa batAvI che eTale ame te vigatemAM UtaratA nI. paNa ApaNe A badhAnA nIDa rUpe eTaluM jarUra kahI zakIe ke eziyana prajA jyAre varga,kama, nyAta, jAti, dharma ke enA vADAonAM baMdhanothI upara UThI vicAravAnuM zarU karaze tyAre capaTI vagADatAM A badhA prabhUta bATalImAM pUrAI jaze emAM zaMkA nathI. eziyAnA rASTro atyAra sudhI atyaMta vikasita rAnTenI sAthe pitAne vyApAra calAvatAM hatAM. eziyAnAM rASTroe jyAre joyuM ke vikAsa pAmI cukelA deze vikasita thaI rahelA dezo sAthe jeTaluM vyApAra kare che tenA karatAM vikasita rASTro sAthe vadhAre pramANamAM vyApAra kare che. ane pariNAme apa vikasita dezone lAbha thavAne badale A rASTro evAne evAM ja rahyAM ane samRddha rASTro vadhAre samRddha thayAM. pariNAme eziyAnA dezo paNa caMkI gayA ane ezi. yana samAna bajAranI eka bhUmikA 1960 nAM mArcamAM UbhI thaI. ikAphe nAmanI eka saMsthA zarUAtamAM cAra rASTrone ja AvarI letI hatI. paraMtu pAchaLathI anya eziyana deze kemana mAkeTanAM rUpamAM temAM joDAvA mATe vicAra karatA hatA paraMtu A yAjanA AgaLa vadhe te pahelAM upamahAdvipamAM bAMglA dezanI ghaTanAone kAraNe paristhiti mukhya banI ane AgaLa kazuM thaI zakayuM nahIM, A badhA pachI vaLI zAMtinA gALAmAM A yojanA AgaLa vadhaze tevI AzA baMdhANI tyAM vaLI pAchI irAka ane irAna vacce chellA thoDA divasamAM je ghaTanAo banI rahI che tenAM kAraNe A Arthika vyApAra udyoganI yojanA pAchI jheLe paDaze tevu lAge che. eziyAnAM mUMjhavatA prazno ane keTalIka samasyAomAM ApaNe joI gayA ke tenA moTA bhAganAM rASTromAM zikSaNanI paNa eja samasyA che. cIna ane jApAna jevA keTalAka dezane bAda karatAM nirakSaratAnuM pramANa moTuM che. pariNAme vartamAna patra ane pustakonuM vAcana paNa A dezamAM ghaNuM a9pa che. eziyAnAM judA judA rASTromAM vartamAnapatro vAMcanArAonI saMkhyAnI TakAvArInI tulanA anyatra karavAmAM AvI che. Ama chatAM eziyAnA je dezomAM zikSaNane vikAsa thaI rahyo che tyAM keTalAMka samRdhdha pustakAlayo paNa AvelAM che. A graMthAlayo zikSaNa ane saMskAranAM jagatane vega ApavAnuM ane manuSya jJAnanA sImADAne vadhAre vizALa banAvavAnuM kAma karI rahyA che. bhAratamAMja agiyArasethI vadhu graMthAlaye che jemAMnA be rASTrIya graMthAlaye kalakatA ane dilhI zaheramAM che A uparAMta lakhanauna narendradeva pustakAlaya, madrAsanuM thIphIkala sosAyaTInuM aDIyAra graMthAlaya, vaDodarAnI senTrala lAIbrerI, gujarAta vidyApIThanuM amadAvAdanuM samRdhdha graMthAlaya, muMbaInuM jamazedajI peTITa graMthAlaya ane bhAvanagarane bArTana ane AtmAnaMda sabhAnA graMthAlayo ullekhanIya che. A uparAMta jApAnamAM traNa atisamRdhdha graMthAlaye, ijiptamAM kera yunivarsiTInuM graMthAlaya paNa vivanAM samRdhdha graMthAlayamAM sthAna dharAve tevA che. eziyA khaMDanuM jayAre eka samagralakSI adhyayana karI e chIe tyAre eziyA khaMDanAM nararatna ApaNuM dhyAna para avazya AvavA joIe. AvA keTalAka nara ratnane ApaNe saMkSepamAM ulekha karIe. eziyAnA rASTro para vijJAna, TekanolejI, vyApAra udyoganAM kSetromAM pazcimI rASTrone ane raziyA-cIna prabhAva vyApaka che. te eziyA AphrikAnA rASTronI mukti caLavaLa ane saMsthAnavAda sAmenI te prajAnI laDAiomAM raziyana ane cInI krAMtioe ane temanI vicArasaraNIoe paNa moTo bhAga bhajavyo che e vAtanI paNa noMdha levI ja paDaze. Jain Education Intenational

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22 RSio : bhArata varSanI gauravapUrNa saMskRtine zilAnyAsa RSionA hAye evA thayA ke Aje paNa A yi saMskRti e bhAratIya sphurtino pA~ca gaNAya che. vasiSTha, vidhA mitra kaNva, kazyapa, jamadigna, agastya, bharadvAja, meghArginiM. naciktA, cAbakaya. A badhA RSioe eka bAjuthI bhAratanAM ciMtanamAM peAtAnuM navuM pradAna ApuM te bIjI bAjue temanA AcAra paNa yugA sudhI mAnavImAne udAtta khAdI purA pADanArAM hatA. zrIrAma : maryAdA puruSottama bhagavAna rAmanuM citra mAtra rAmAyaNumAM ja gavAyuM che tevu nathI paNa sileAna jAvA sumAtrA berejIdura ane hamaNAM thoDAM varSo pahelAM raziyana bhASAmAM rAmAyaNanuM bhASAntara thayuM tyAre raziyana prajAmAM paNa gaurava pUrNa sthAna prApta karIne zraddhA ane bhakitanuM pAtra banela che. rAmanI dhaniSThA, satyapAlana mAtRpitR bhakita, udAra bhAtR bhAva, leAkAnA raMjana mATe svasukhanuM samarpaNa ane zAsakane badale sevaka tarIkenAM lAdezanA dilamAM pAmelA sthAnathI gAMdhIjI jevAne paNa rAma rAjyanA Adaza mUrtimaMta karavAnA vicAra Avye hateA. bhagavAna zrI kRSNa : AkarSaNa kare tenuM nAma kRSNu, eka bAju kRSNe jIvanabhara kaMsa, jarAsa che. kAlacayana, zizupAla ane zAkya jevA sAmrAjya vADIonI sAthe jIvana paryaMta yuddho karIne cAcAnAM gaLu tra ane pAMDavAnAM dharmarAjyanuM savardhana smRne paripAlana karyuM to bIjI bAju gItA jevA bhuta tattvajJAnanAM upadezane kAraNe kRSNa mAtra hiMdu jAtinAM nahI paNa samagra vizvanAM gAgara banyAM. bhagavAna zrI mahAvIra : karmanA viSacakramAMthI kamAna bhogavatA bhAgatA sIba karIne abhuna sayama, tIvra vairAgya, aparapAra prema ane mitratA ane samadarzitAnA guNA jagatane peAtAnA jIvana vyavahAramAM batAvIne dhamathI zarU thayelI viSe karAnI praNAlikAne potAnA samayamAM caturgiMdha saMghanAM AyAnathI carameka para pahoMcADI bhagavAna mahAvIra ane kalpasutra mAzraNa kare che te sarvathA ucita che. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 gautama buddha - jagananAM paMdara karoDa bAMhonAM sa ane kapilavastumAM janmIne apAra samRddhi ane vaibhava vacce AgAnA hovA chatAM, nImiya mAtramAM jagAnI zALubhagunAne oLakhIne teno tyAga karIne zarUAtamAM nIma pa ane pachI madhyama mArga dvArA evijJAna prApta karI jagatamAM temaNe cAra tyAnuM pratipAdana karyuM. buddhe mAtra bhAratanAM ja nahIM paraMtu samagra vizvanA eka pAradazI tatvaciMtaka ane kSamA zIla udAra na hatA. temaNe hanu zaraNu, dharmanu zatru ane saghana zaNu, A traNa zaraNA ApyAM. buddha temanA jamAnAnAM eka krAMtikArI puruSa paNa hatA. AryAmAM prevezI gayelI cA hiMsA ane vavasthA sAme teNe pracaMDa jehAda uDAvI. vIDa : bAIbalanAM olDa TesTAmenTa eTale jUnA karAra nAmanA prasiddha cacamAM bajAyelA I.sa. pUrve 1000 mAM thayelAM dhruvaDa mAtra eka saphaLa mahArAjA ja nahotA. paNa apazcima zUravIra ane mahAna saMgItakAra hatA. vaLI teo kavi, saMgItakAra ane nRtyakAra paNa hatA. I hiMDAsamAM temanA jIvananI keTalIka maryAdAo paNa noMdhAyelI che. chatAM pAchaLathI temanA jIyanamAM prazcAttApanuM tattva paNa dekhAya che. vInI koI mArAmAM beTI bejha hoya to te sevAmana mo DebInI krupathI jagatanAM prakhyAta zilpAe ati suMdara evA zilpa namunAo karyA che. ka bhagavAna Isu khrista : jagatanA eka ati vyApaka evA vizvanA khUNe khUNe paheAMcelA dharmanAM sthApaka evA isune e zabdamAM eLakhavA hAya to te prema ane kSamA, IsunA jyAM janma thayA tyAM mAtra trAsavAdI rAjA ja naheAtA paNa yahudI samAja paNa eka aMdhAdhUMdhI sAmAjika ane dhArmika viSamatAmAM sapaDA yedo hato bhagavAna Isue potAnA jIvanamAM cA, prema, ane kSamAzIlatA batAvIne jagatane eka navo rAha batAvyo. isu eTale tAraNa hAra ane Isu duniyAnA leAkeAnAM samasta pApAne pAnAnA zira para laIne temane kalyANa ane AnaMdanuM dAna karanAra paramAtmAnA parama punita putra.

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 23 hajarata mahaMmada payagaMbara : paNa eka kathA che. ItihAsamAM hammarAbInuM eka viziSTa sthAna che. mahAtmA gAMdhI : AvyA bAda alAhano saMdeza pRthvI para laIne payagaMbara sAheba pRthvI para padhAryA. Aje duniyAmAM bAvIza karoDa ane pacAsa lAkha vyakitao jemanA anuyAyI che evA payagaMbara sAhebe I. sa. pa70nI sAlamAM eprilanI vIzamI tArIkhe pRthvI para avataraNa karyuM. temanA pUrvajo pavitra kAbAnA saMrakSake hatA. cheka nAnapaNathI sanAtana satyanI zodhamAM Atura payagaM. bara sAheba makakA zarIphathI traNa mAIla dUra eka girimALAmAM jaIne dhyAna karatA. pitAnA paryaTanamAM temane Araba prajAnI keTalIka kurUDhio ane aneka devadevIonI upAsanA vicitra lAgI ane dhyAna ane upavAsamAM besatA payagaMbara sAheba bane paramAtmAne saMdeza saMbhaLA. Izvara eka ja che. e eka vicAra temaNe jagatane Ape. vaLI AmAM dIkarInuM sthAna ghaNuM hIna hatuM. Arabo dArU paNa khUba pItAM. A badhI ja kurUDhione dUra karavA jatAM temane hijata paNa karavI paDI payagaMbara sAhebanA yAdagAra upadezomAM mUrtipUjAne virodha, vyabhicAra, jugAra ane madyapAnanI temaNe karelI AkarI TIkA ane I lAmanuM pAlana karanArA emAM brAtRbhAva A badhI bAbate e temane vizvamAM eka apratima sthAna apAvyuM. vizvamAM Aja sudhImAM thayelI mAnava vibhUtiomAM mahAtmA gAMdhInuM nAma mukhya raheze. saurASTranA porabaMdara mAM eka meDha vaNIka kuTuMbamAM janmelA mehanadAsane bALapaNathI ja mAtRpitRbhakita ane dhArmika saMskAro maLelA hatA. teo ileMDa berIsTara thavA gayA tyAre hiMdu dharmanA keTalAMka mULa graMthano temane paricaya thayo. tyAMthI bhArata AvyA bAda dakSiNa AphrikAmAM gorI tanata sAme teNe hasaka satyAgrahanuM ajoDa evuM zastra upADayuM ane pAchaLathI bhAratamAM paNa A ja ahiMsaka satyAgrahanI dvArA bhAratamAM aDhIse varSathI rAjya karatAM aMgrejone temaNe vidAya karyo. paraMtu mahAtmA gAMdhInuM nAma. svAtaMtrya ApanArA netA tarIkenuM mUlyAMkana adhUruM gaNAze. samagra mAnavajAta mATe te sokreTIsa ane Isukhrista jevA saMta hatA ane vizvanI teo virala vibhUti hatAM. grahanuM ane saltanata sAme ravIndranAtha TAgora hiraDeTA : eziyA mAInaranI netratye AvelAM kArIyA nAmanA nagaramAM I.sa. pUrve 484 mAM hIraDoTasano janma thayo. A hIreDeTasa keTalAMkanAM mate ItihAsano janmadAtA che. pazcimanA dezoe hIreDeTasane pahele itihAsakAra kahyo che. tenI zailImAM tejasvItA, saraLatA ane madhuratA che. teNe vizvanA ItihAsamAM bahu mUlyavAna phALo Ape che. gurudeva ravindranAtha TAgora baMgALAnA eka sudhArAvAdI baMgALI kuTuMbamAM maharSi devendranAthane tyAM jamyAM. zALAmAM ane gharamAM zikSaNa ApavAnA prayatna niSphaLa gayA ane ekavAra himAlayanA pravAsa daramiyAna pitAnA pitAnAM sahavAsamAM temanI sargazakita prabaLa paNe jAgRta thaI. vilAyatamAM teo kAyadAne abhyAsa karatA gayAM paraMtu temAM rasa na paDatA pharI bhAratamAM A vyA ane sarasvatinAM cAre hAtha temane varadAna ApatA thayA. UrmizIla kavitA; baMgALanA lekajIvana ane bhAratIya samAjane citrita karatI suMdara navalakathAo, pahela pADelA hIrA jevI navalikAo ciMtana, citrakalA ane bIjA je je kSetromAM TAgore potAno hAtha ajamAvyo temAM temaNe gauravapUrNa ane yuga nirmANa karatuM pradAna karyuM. 1901 nA varSamAM temaNe zAMti niketananI sthApanA karI ane AMtara rASTriya saMskArakendra tarIke vizva bhAratI nAmanI yunivarsiTI paNa sthApI. gItAMjalIne nobela pAritoSika maLyuM che te emanA jIvanane eka nAne e banAva kahevAya. eTalA parathI ja mAtra TAgoranuM gaurava karavuM te egya nathI. ravIndranAtha paNa ApaNA dezanA eka saudaya niSTa e tmi cetanAnA kavi hatA tema kahevuM joIe. hammarAbI : hammarAbI bebIlenanI gAdI upara sAmu Alame sthA- pila pahelAM rAjavaMzano chaThTho vaMzaja. hammarAbIne bebIlenane eka mahAna, lekAnaraMjana karanAra rAjA tarIke gaNavAmAM Ave che. bebIlonanAM lekamAM pUjAtA sUryadevanI sAme ubhelAM hammarAbInAM ketarakAmavALo eka staMbha paNa sAtaphUTa ane cAra iMcane maLI AvyuM che. hammarAbIe potAnA samayamAM Izvara pAsethI kAnuna prApta karyo e eka mata che. jyAre bIjo mata e che ke hammarAbIe potAnA samayanA kAyadAone vadhAre vyavasthita karyA. temanA rAjyamAM eka vAra jyAre anna pANI ane ghAsacArAnI taMgI paDI tyAre eNe A badhI vastuo pUrI pADIne lokonuM rakSaNa karyuM tevI Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 zrI rAmakRSNa paramahaMsa ane vivekAnaMda chellI sadInI bhAratanI kSitijoe je jAtidhare udaya thaye temAM zrI rAmakRSNa paramahaMsa ullekhanIya che. zarUAtamAM a5 zikSaNa pAmelA rAmakRSNa kAlinA pUjArI tarIke nimAyA ane cheka bALapaNathI ja jeNe ApaNI sRSTimAM abhuta dekhAya tevAM daye dekhAtAM hatAM te bhUmikAne ahIM vistAra thaye. divasenA kAliviyeganA karuNa vilApa pachI rAmakRSNane kAline sAkSAtkAra thaye ane pachInA varSomAM temaNe baMgALAmAM navayuvakemAM bhAre AkarSaNa jamAvyuM. bhalabhalAnuM pANI utArI de tevA ane sIdhA prazno pUchI mUMjhavanAra narendra jevA ziSyo temane maLyA ane pitAnuM sarvasva rAmakRSNa A ziSyomAM siMcita karyuM. rAmakRSNanI moTI siddhi e che ke emaNe potAnA jIvanamAM bhaktimArgamAM pracalita aneka upAsanA paddhattiothI mAtra rAma ane kRSNanAM ja nahIM paraMtu IralAma ane khristI upAsanAothI alAha ane parama pitAnAM paNa darzana karyA. Ama sarvadharmanI ekatA rAmakRSNanAM jIvanamAM mUrtimaMta thaI. vivekAnaMde amerikA ane vizvane pravAsa karIne rAmakRSNanI cetanAne vizvavyApI vistAra karyo. ane daridra bhAratanA AMsu lUchavA temaNe bhagIratha prayAsa karyo. AnI sAthosAtha pitAnI apUve buddhimattA tejasvI vakatRtvachaTA ane Atma gauravathI temaNe vizvamAM abhUtapUrva sanmAna prApta karyuM ane bhAratamAM AvIne rAmakRSNa mizananI sthApanA karI. sudhI rAjya karyuM. hAruna ala rasIda ane temanA putra khalIpha me munane rAjyakALa e IrAna ane bagadAda temaja IjIpta pradezane eka bhavya suvarNayuga che. temanA jamAnAmAM bagadAda vizvanuM vepArI ane sAMskRtika kendra banyuM hatuM. arabastAnanI rAtrI nAmanA prasiddha graMthamAM hArUna alA rasIdanI keTalIka sarasa vArtAo ApavAmAM AvI che. chellA mana eka ananya anuyAyI hovA chatAM temaNe prAcIna grAsa ane bhAratanAM graMthane arabI bhASAmAM anuvAda karIne temaja cInathI kAgaLa magAvI pradezane jJAnanI vizALa sImAo ApI. temanA samayamAM saMgItakAra ane videzanI vidyA jANanArA vAraMvAra AvatA tene pariNAme prajAnI saMskArItAne poSaNa maLyuM. eka mRddha rAjyanAM bAdazAha hevA chatAM A khalIphA pitAnA aMgata jIvanamAM atyaMta pavitra, saraLa, udAra ane buddhizALI hatA. temanuM nAma ItihAsamAM amara thayeluM che. ajarathuSTra, samrATa darAyasa: IrAnanAM eka daMbhI rAjA kembasasathI kaMTALI gayelA leoe eka baLavAkhorane pitAnI gAdI upara mUko ane rAjakumAra meDiMga na hovA chatAM paNa rAjA banIne beTho. darAyasa ane bIjA keTalAka buddhimAnoe A rAjAne ziraccheda karyo ane darAyasanA tenA azvapAle karela eka janAne kAraNe te rAjagAdI para beThe. darAyasanA samayamAM tenuM rAjya ghaNuM samRddha banyuM. zarUAtanAM DAMka varSo potAnA rAjayamAM thayelAM baLavAne khALavAmAM gALavA paDayA tyAra pachI teNe potAnA sAmrAjyane vistAryuM. pUrva tarapha te irAnanAM akhAta sudhI laMbAvyuM hatuM te pazcimamAM te yuropa nAM cheDA sudhI pahayuM hatuM. ATalAM badhAM vizALa rAjyane teNe aneka prAMtamAM vaheMcI nAkhIne sattAnuM vikendrIkaraNa karyuM. Ama darAyasa eka sAro vahIvaTakAra paNa banyo. sAmAnya leke tenA samayamAM ghaNA sukhI hatA ke svataMtra paNe game tyAM avarajavara karI zakatAM ane prajA aneka rIte sukhI hatI isa. pUrva 486mAM tenuM avasAna thayuM cANakaya: pavitra dilanA, atyaMta saraLa ane vizvanA payagaMbaramAMnA eka jarathuSTra irAnanA pItamAM jAtinA pharIdunanA vaMza ja hatA. jarathuSTrane janma thayA pachI temane mArI nAkhavA mATe temanA para humalA karavAnA ane temane gAya varU ane gheDAonAM mArgamAM mUkavAnA ane jhera pAvAnA paNa prayatna karavAmAM AvyA. paraMtu IzvaranA A mahAna payagaMbarane kaI paNa jAtanI harakata paDI nahIM. pitAnI milakatamAMthI teNe mAtra eka paDho ja lIdhe, pIDite ane garInI temaNe khUba sevA karI 15 varSanI tIvra upAsanA pachI temaNe paramAtmAne saMdeza sAMbhaLe. ane pitAnA anuyAyIone ahuramajhadanI upAsanA batAvI. paramAtmAe paNa temanI aneka karIe karI ane te badhAmAMthI pasAra thayelA aSo pArasI dharmanA mahAna saMta thayA. hArUna ala rasIda: hArUna ala rasIdane janma i.sa 763 mAM thayo. temaNe abA sAdaDa sAmrAjyanA khalIphA tarIke 23 varSa rAjanItizAstranA prAcIna AcAryo ane pRthvI paranAM mahAna mutsaddIomAM cANakayu nuM nAma amara che. te caNuka muninA putra hatAM tethI temanuM nAma cANakaya paDayuM. teo kauTala getranAM hevAthI temane kauTilya kahevAmAM Ave che. keTalAMka temanI kuTIla nItinAM kAraNe kauTiMlya kahe che te barA bara nathI. bhAratanA te samayanAM asaMskArI prajA pIDaka, vaibhava mAM ALoTanArA ane sattAnA madathI aMdha banI gayelA naMda vaMzanAM sAmrAjayane buddhimattAthI vinAza karI e gupta mAya Jain Education Intemational

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha 2pa aNa gAdI para besADyA. cANakyanuM eka maulika pradAna che tene arthazAstra nAmane addabhUta graMtha che. zaMkarAcArya:ja dakSiNa bhAratanAM nAMbudrI brAhmaNa parIvAramAM janmelA zaMkare 32 varSanA TUMkA AyuSyamAM vaidika dharmamAM AvI gayelI aneka duSTa rUDhIo ane judA judA aneka devanI upAsanA karanArA saMpradAye temaja nAstika darzanonA anuyAyIonI sAme zAstrArtha karIne, upaniSadanAM jJAnakAMDane samanvaya karIne kevalA daita vedAMtanI sarvoparItA siddha karI. bhAratamAM vAraMvAra page cAlIne pradikSiNAo karI. temaNe aneka zAstrArtho karI bhAratanA cAra cheDe cAra maThonI sthApanA karI. brahmasUtra upa niSada ane bhagavadagItA paranAM temanAM bhAvee eka navI keDI thApI banI gayela adbhuta cInanuM nirmANa karanAra mahApuruSa te mAotsa tuMga. khristI dharmanI upAsanA karanAra anuyAyIo karatAM paNa mAonAM anuyAyIonI saMkhyA ghaNI moTI che. cInanA hevAna prAMtamAM 1893 nI sAlamAM mAjone janma thaye. 300 varSa sudhI cIna para ghAtakI ane bhraSTAcArI maMcu rAjavIonI sAme je krAMti thaI temAM mAsenI kAmagIrI paNa yazasvI che. eka nAnakaDA cInI prajAtaMtramAMthI mAonnee A dezane eka moTI ane virATa sattAvALA deza banAvyuM. eka ustAda chApAmAra ddhA tarIke, eka atyaMta lokapriya zALA zikSaka tarIke ane vizvanuM kendra cIna banaze evA svapna dRSTA tarIke mAorlsanuM sthAna amara che. cInanI bhUmimAM vistarelA aneka jamInadArane khatama karIne parizramanAM pAritoSika dareka vyaktine vaheMcI nAkhanAra mAonI zraddhA Aje paripUrNa thaI che. mAtre tuMganAM graMtha ane sUtrae cInanI prajA upara bhAre pakaDa. jamAvI che. ghaNI moTI uMmaranA thayelA mAo Aje paNa abhuta zArIrika, mAnasika ane bauddhika zakita dharAvatA pracaMDa lokhaMDI puruSa tarIke vizvanA itihAsamAM gauravavaMtu sthAna dharAve samrATa azoka: jA maurya vaMzamAM mahAna rAjAonI paraMparAmAM azokanuM sthAna ghaNuM unnata che. kaliMga dezaparanI caDAImAM je bhaMyakara hatyAkAMDa teNe joyuM tyArathI te baudhdha dharma tarapha vaLe ane pachInuM azokanuM rAjya zAsana banavAne badale dharmarAjya banyuM. teNe sthaLe sthaLe rastAo, davAkhAnAo, taLAva banAvyAM, aneka khaDako ane staMbhapara dharmanA upadeze ane sadAcAranAM yama ketarAvyA. pitAnA putra mahendra ane putrI saMghamitrAne bauddha dharmanA pracAra mATe paradezamAM mekalyAM, zrI laMkA ane bhAratanI pure AvelA aneka TApuomAM bauddha dharmane je vistAra thayo tenuM zreya azokane phALe jAya che. DahApaNano bhaMDAra selamana: vivanA adbhuta mAnavIo ane virATakAya pratibhAo viSe noMdha karavA besIe te eka svataMtra ane alaga graMthanuM nirmANa karavuM paDe. paraMtu ahIM teno AvakAza na hovAthI eziyAnI mahApuruSonI paraMparAne khyAla ApavA mATe ja judA judA kSetranAM mAtra gaNyAgAMThyA mAnavIono eka atialpa paricaya ApaNe je. eziyAnuM eka vizALa citra rajU karyA pachI pharIthI ApaNe bhAratIya saMskRtinA keTalAMka mahattvanAM aMgenI samIkSA karIne ApaNu A avalokanane pUrNa karIe. A aMgenuM avakana karIe chIe tyAre te mAtra bhAratanAM ja che eTalA mATe nahIM paraMtu tenI samagra vizvanI dRSTie sArvatrika ane sarvakAlIna mahattA joIne ApaNe tenI viSe vicAra karIe. vedo : vizvanAM ItihAsamAM DevIDa ane tenA putra selemana. A baMnenuM viziSTa sthAna che. tenA aMgata jIvanamAM ghaNe vilAsI hovA chatAM selomana tenA zANapaNa mATe vidhamAM ghaNuM jANItA che. selamananAM nAme aneka kahevata ane dharmopadezo pracalita thayAM che. sele mananAM nAma para aneka daMtakathAo yahUdI sAhityamAM pracalita che. te samAna vRttivALa ane eka udAra rAjA hate. mAotsa tuMga :- nUtana cInanuM ghaDatara karanAra ane vizvanI mahAnattA saMskRtinAM vid dhAtu uparathI veda zabda Avyo che. viduno artha jANavuM e thAya che, tethI veda jJAna bhaMDAra athavA jJAna rAzI kahevAmAM Ave che. maMtra ane brAhmaNa evA tenA be vibhAga che. maMtra bhAgomAM cAra saMhitAono samAveza thAya che. sarveda, yajurveda sAmaveda ane artha veda, vedane Jain Education Intemational

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26 apauruSeya ane anAdi mAnavAmAM Ave che. cAre sa MhitAomAM paramAtmAnAM stutivAcaka maMtro che ane brAhmaNa graMthAmAM A maMtranuM spaSTIkaraNa, samati ane sAthe sAthe tenA judA judA karmomAM upayAgA batAvavAmAM AvyA che. vedAna sauthI mahattvane bhAga te upaniSada che. upaniSadamAM suMdara tha enI sAMthe jIva-jagata ane brahmanAM tattvAnu sudara pratipAdana karavAmAM AvyuM che. tera upaniSadA mukhya gaNAyache ane bhAratIya ciMtananA A upaniSado pAyeA gaNAya. sUtra graMthA : vedanI pachI vedAMgeAnA samaya AvyeA. zikSA kalpa,chaMda, nirukta, jyAtiSa, vyAkaraNa jevA judA judA vedAMgomAM vedone samajavA mATe navA zAstronu nirmANa thayuM ane te pachI sUtreAne kALa AvyA. jemake jaimininAM pUrvamImAMsAnAM sUtreA pANininAM aSTAdhyAyInA sUtreA vagere. darzana : vedane kendramAM rAkhIne nyAya vaizeSika sAMkhya, yoga, pUrvamImAMsA ane uttara mImAMsA jevAM cha danA bhAratamAM astitvamAM AvyAM. gautamanu nyAyadarzIna e saMsArabharanA ta zAstromAM sauthI pahelA pramANabhUta graMtha che. A graMthamAM yathArtha ane ayathArtha jJAnane lakSamAM rAkhIne carcA karavAmAM AvI che. kaNAdanA vaizeSika darzanamAM aNu ane paramANuonI saMpUrNa vizvamAM pahelI vAra vicAraNA karavAmAM AvI che. sAMkhya zAstre jagatanAM e tattvA, puruSa ane prakRtinuM prati pAdana karyuM che. ane 24 tattvomAM prakRtine samajAvela che. pataMjalinA yoga dana upara Aja paNa pazcimanuM jagata mugdha che. temAM paramAtmAnI prApti mATenAM sAdhanAnuM savistara nirupaNa che. yAganA ATha aMgo yama, niyama, Asana prANAyAma, pratyAhAra, dhAraNA, dhyAna ane samAdhinuM temAM evu maulika pratipAdana che ke yeAgadarzananI sAthe AvI zake tevu sAhitya jagatabharamAM bahu ochu che. jaiminInAM pUrvamImAMsAmAM dha ane vividha kriyAkAMDenI carcA vicAraNA karavAmAM AvI che. AdarAyaNanAM vedAMta darzanamAM brahmanA samanvaya avirAdha, sAdhana ane phaLa batAvavAmAM AvyAM che. rAmAyaNa :- Adi kavi vAlmikInAM rAmAyaNamAM bhAratIya saMskRtinA udAtta mUlyA ane kuTuMbapremanu rocaka Alekhana che. rAmAyaNu te mAtra itihAsa ja nathI paraMtu sAmAnya manuSyane tenA laukika dharAtala parathI uDAvIne tene paramAtmA sudhI pahecA Jain Education Intemational 7. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 DanAruM eka svAbhAvika jIvana na che. saMskRtanAM pahelAM kAvyamAM chaMda, alaMkAro ane zailInAM paNa vividha prakAronu ramaNIya darzana prApta thAya che. mahAbhArata :~ maharSi kRSNadvaipAyana vyAse 18 parva ane eka lAkha zlokamAM racelAM A virATa kAvya pazcimanAM iliyaDa ane eDesI kAvyA karatAM mAtra kadamAM ja nahIM paraMtu vaNya viSayanI dRSTie paNa ghaNuM vyApaka ane adbhuta che. mahAbhArata mATe pazcimanA vidvAnoe tene vizvakoSanI upamA ApI che temAM samAjavidyA, arthakAraNa, nyAya, adhyAtma, dharmanIti ane aneka kathAonAM ApyAnA samAviSTa karavAmAM AvyA che. purANA : maharSi veda vyAsanI racanA kauzala tarIke prasiddha thayelAM 18 purANAMmAM sRSTinAM sarjananI prakriyAthI mAMDIne bhuvanakoSa, agALa vidyA rAjavaMze! ane RSionAM ciratre temaja avatAronAM ciratrA ane manvaMtarInu varNana temAM keTalAMka purANAmAM svara, vyaMjana, sadhi, samAsa, chaMda, azvaparIkSA, gAyanI parIkSA, astrazastrAnAM nirUpaNA, hastIvijJAna, auSadhA ane vAstuzAstrAnA paNa ullekhA jovA maLe che manusmRti :- bhAratIya paraMparA pramANe manu vaivasvate lakhele A manusmRti graMtha e duniyA bharanAM kAyadAnu ane AcAra vicAranA nIti-niyamAnu saMkalana che. temAM cAre varNAzramAnA dharma ane AcAra vicAranAM niyame uparAMta rAjAe, amAtyA, guptacarA, nagaranirmANa, karaverA, sAma vi. cAra upAye vi.nI paNa savistara chaNAvaTa karavAmAM AvI che. kAmazAstra :-- maharSi vAtsyAyane lakhelA kAmasUtramAM dAmpatyanuM parama phaLa sateSa ane Ana'ne lakSamAM rAkhIne mAnava manamAM paDelI kAmavRttinuM urdhvIkaraNa karIne dAmpatya sukhanAM anekavidha viSayeA para jhINavaTa bharyuM avaleAkana karavAmAM Avyu che. duniyAnI prAya; badhIja bhASAmAM A graMthanA anuvAda karavAmAM Avye che ane pazcimanAM dezeAe paNa eka sthULa vRttinAM AvA mArmika ane sUkma Alekhana pratye vismaya pragaTa karela che.

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 27 AcArAna uttarAdhyayana ane ka95 sUtro - raMgabhUmi, cAra prakAranA abhinaya, nATakanAM vividha svarUpe vi.nuM paNa vizleSaNa karavAmAM AvyuM che. bharata muninAM rasa saMpradAya pachI saMskRtanAM kAvya zAstramAM alaMkAra dhvani, vAkita, rIti vi. aneka saMpradAyanI zAstrIya paryeSaNA bhAmaha, AnaMda vardhana, kuMtaka, daMDI, mammaTa ane vizvanAtha temaja jagannAtha jevA samartha lekhakee karI che. A uparAMta dhanaMjaye daza rUpakamamAM saMskRtanAM dasa prakAranAM rUpake ane uparUpakenI vigatavAra carcA karelI che. saMrakatanAM nATako ane kAvya : bhagavAna RSabhadevathI pAzvanAtha sudhInA 23 tirtha karo e je praNAlikA pADI te ahaMda padanI praNAlikAne bhagavAna mahAvIranAM nirvANa pachI temanAM upadezanI ja pramANabhUta vAcanA taiyAra karavAmAM AvI temAM valabhI vAcanA sauthI chevaTanI banI rahI. AcArAnuM sUtromAM zrAvaka, zrAvikA, sAdhu ane sAdhvI A caturvidha sAdhanA pratyeka sabhyoe pALavAnAM niyama ane vrate khAsa karIne ahiMsA asteya aparigraha, brahmacarya vagerenuM temAM surekha nirUpaNa karavAmAM AvyuM che. uttarAdhyayana sUtromAM zarIra, jIvatattva tenAM karmo, karmanAM pari paka ane nirvANa prAptinA upAyenuM eTale ke samyakajJAna ane samyaka caritra vigerenuM nirUpaNa karavAmAM AvyuM che. kalpasUtra graMthamAM 24 tirthaMkaranAM paMca kalyANuke ane temanI jIvana lIlAonuM madhura ane AkarSaka zailImAM nirUpaNa karavAmAM AvyuM che. kauTilyanuM arthazAstra:- saMskRta sAhitya to eka samudra jevuM agAdha sAhitya che. temAM sAhityanAM vividha svarUpe samartha sArasvatanI kalame kheDelA che. temAM khAsa karIne kAlidAsanAM raghuvaMza ane kumArasaMbhava, artha gaurava dharAvatuM bhAravinuM kirAtAjunIya, zabdonI kSamatAne pragaTa karatuM mAghanuM zizupAla vadha kAvya ane zrI harSanuM auSadhiya carita saMskRtanAM pAMca mahA kAvyo che. A uparAMta bhAsanAM 13 nATaka, kAlidAsanuM abhijJAna zAkuMtala, bhavabhUtinuM uttararAma caritta, bhaTTa nArAyaNanuM veNI saMhAra, vizAkhAdattanuM mudrArAkSasa, te saMskRtanAM prathama paMkitanAM vizva sAhityamAM bhAratanuM pratinidhitva karI zake tevAM nATaka che. A uparAMta bANu bhaTTanI kAdaMbarI ane daMDInuM dazakumAra carita e saMskRtanAM kathA sAhityanAM uttama namunA che. bhartuharinuM nItizataka ane hitepadeza paMcataMtranI nIti kathAnAM graMtha paNa ullekhanIya che. caNaka muninA putra AcArya viSNugupta cANakaye rAja zAstranAM A graMthanuM praNayana karyuM che. A graMthamAM rAjA rAjya, parajAnapade, adhikArIo, cha rAjanItinA upAya, aparAdha ane daMDanI judI judI vyavasthAo, zatrunAzanA budhdhipUrvaka nijAyelA upAyo vi. nuM eka evuM suMdara nirUpaNa karavAmAM AvyuM che je Aje paNa rAjanIti zAstranAM vyavahAromAM sacoTa mArgadarzaka pUravAra thaI zake che. bhAratIya citrakalA : vyAkaraNa graMtho :- - maharSi pANinine zivanAM DamarUnAM avAjamAMthI prApta thayelAM mAhezvara sUtrathI A graMthane prAraMbha thAya che. tenA ATha adhyAyamAM vyAkaraNanAM mahattvanAM badhAM ja aMgo upara vaijJAnika rIte vizleSaNa ane pRthakakaraNa karavAmAM AvyuM che. pANininA aSTAdhyAyI graMtha upara pataMjalie mahAbhAganI racanA karI che. A mahAbhASyamAM pANininAM aspaSTa ane saMdigdha sUtrone saraLa ane manohara karI samajAvavAmAM AvyAM che. tyAra pachI paNa siddhAMta kaumudI vi. aneka graMthanI racanAo thayelI che. chelle chelle hemacaMdrAcArya siddha-hema nAmanuM prAkRta ane saMskRta vyAkaraNa lakhIne vyAkaraNa zAstramAM eka graMtha ratnano umero karyo che. saMskRtanAM kAvya zAstro ane nATaya zAstra :- bharata muninAM nATya zAstramAM saMskRta kAvyanuM svarUpa ane tene rasa siddhAMta bIjarUpe jovA maLe che. vaLI temAM kahevAya che ke lalita kalAomAM sauthI prathama citra kalAno janma thaye. mAdhyamanI draSTie bhale citrakalA saMgIta ane kAvya karatAM kaniSTha adhikAra dharAvatI hoya te paNa tenI sarjana kalA ane kalapanA zIlatA citrakalAne badhI ja lalita kalAomAM sauthI AgaLa mUke che. Adi mAnave parvatanI kaMdarAmAM jADA hAthathI huM gharamAM chuM ke huM bahAra jAu chuM" evA arthamAM je rekhAMkane zarU karyA tyArathI citrakalAno bhAratamAM AraMbha thaye. tyAra pachI te vAsaNe ane mATI para deravAmAM AvelA citronA aneka namunAo maLI AvyA che. vedanI aMdara badhI ja kalAo mATe zi95 zabda vaparAya che. brAhmaNa graMthamAM yajJone saMbhe para doravAmAM AvelI devI AkRtinuM varNana kare che. rAmAyaNa ane mahAbhAratamAM to spaSTa paNe citrakalAnAM ullekha che. puSpaka vimAna ane besavAnAM vividha AsanathI mAMDIne zabavAhinImAM paNa citro deravAmAM AvelAM tevo ullekha jovA maLe che. viSNu dharmottara : purANamAM te 9 adhyAyanuM eka citrasUtra paNa che. bauddha ane jaina graMthanI pothIo suMdara citrakalAthI zaNagAravAmAM AvatI Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 bhASAonAM sAhitya : hatI e jANItI vAta che maurya kALanA mahelamAM suMdara citro cItaravAmAM AvyAM hatAM. gupta yugamAM citrakalA sauthI unnata pratiSThA pAmelI kalA hatI. lalita vistara nAmanAM bauddha graMthamAM citra ane rUpakarmanI carcAo karavAmAM AvelI che. ajanTAnI guphAmaMDapamAM mATI, chANu ke bhUMsA jevAne lepa karIne tenA upara keI sarasa paddhatie taiyAra thayelA raMganI madadathI aneka prakAranAM suMdara citro taiyAra karavAmAM AvyAM che. ajanTAnI guphA samuhamAM khAsa karIne 1, 2, 9, 10, 16 ane 17mAM suMdara citro jovA maLe che. jemAM mAtA ane zizu, padmapANI buddha AkAzagamana karanAra divya gAyaka gaNonAM sarasa citro che. tyAra pachI citrakalAnA aneka saMpradAyano AraMbha thayo. temAM dakSiNa zailI rAjapUtAnA zailI, pahADI zailI, mogala zailI vagere ullekhanIya che. A judI judI zailInAM citromAM viSaya vaividhya paNa eTaluM ja suMdara che. saMskRta sAhitya uparAMta bhAratanI aneka bhASAonA bhaMDArano ullekha karavA besIe te eka moTA graMthanI racanA karavI paDe. dakSiNI bhASAnAM ekalA tamila bhASA para ja AvA graMtha racAyA paNa che. kannaDa, telugu, malayAlama ' vi. bhASAmAM khUba vizALa sAhitya paDayuM che. A uparAMta baMgALI, marAThI, hindI, gujarAtI vi. bhASAomAM paNa sAhityanAM svarUpa aneka mahAna sarjake e sajaryA che. tethI tene vistArathI ulekha kara zakaya nathI. samApana : sthApatyakalA | siMdhu khINanI saMskRtimAM je nagara nirmANa ane bhava- nenuM nirmANa che tyArathI bhAratIya sthApatya kalAne AraMbha thayo gaNI zakAya. vaidika saMskRtie saraLa ane tapovana saMskRti hovAthI temAM utkRSTa sthApatyakalA viSe vaidika sAhityamAM bahu apajANavA maLe che. paraMtu rAmAyaNamAM adhyA ane laMkA vagerenA varNanamAM pakSInI AkRtio vALA ane svastika AkAravALA saptabhUmi prAsAdonA ullekha jovA maLe che. mahAbhAratamAM mayadAnave banAvelI yudhiSTharanI rAjasabhA parathI eka parvanuM nAma ja sabhAparva banyuM che. vaLI purANamAM vizvakarmAe karelAM dvArakA nirmANamAM ane bauddha dharmanAM traNa piTakamAM kapilavastune bhavananA nirmANanA ulekha jovA maLe che. jaina dharmanA prakhyAta kalapasUtra graMthamAM paNa AvA sabhAmaMDa. ponAM, ane tirthaMkarae prathama dharmadezamAM ApI hoya tyAMnA sabhA maMDapanAM varNana jovA maLe che. te pachI bauddha dharmanAM samayamAM mUrtikalAnuM nirmANa thavA mAMDayuM ane kanikanA samayamAM mathurAzailImAM parivartana karIne eka navI gAMdhAra zailI AvI. A gAMdhAra zailInAM sthApatyo Aje paNa prasiddha che. dakSiNa bhAratanAM keTalAMka maMdiranI dIvAla para ane khajurAhonAM maMdiramAM doravAmAM AvelA rekhAMkano ullekhanIya che. keNArkanAM maMdiramAM sUryanAM rathanAM paiDAnAM Alekhanane paNa dhyAnamAM levuM paDe A uparAMta amadAvAdamAM haThIsaMganuM derUM, aDAlajanI vAva, sIdI saiyadanI jALI ane delavADAnA jaina maMdiranA zilpa temaja islAmanAM samayamAM thayelAM dIvAne Ama ane dIvAne khAsa temaja tAjamahAlanAM sthApatyo ulalekhanIya che. aMgrejonA samayamAM , thayeluM vAIsaroya bhavana eTale ke AjanuM rASTrapatibhavana ane pArlAmenTa hAusa paNa chellA keTalAMka ulekha karavA jevA sthApatya che. A pramANe bhAratane dhyAnamAM rAkhIne samagra eziyA khaMDanAM saMdarbhamAM ApaNA dezanuM ane eziyA khaMDanI saMskRtiothI mAMDIne vartamAna samasyAonuM mAnacitra adhi. kRta vidvAnanI kalamathI A graMthamAM lakhavAmAM AvyuM che. ane tethI tenuM mUlya aneka gaNuM vadhI jAya che. bhAratIya asmitAnAM be bhAgamAM maLIne eziyA khaMDanI ane bhAratanI je pratimA upasthita thAya che te prastuta karavAnuM kAma ghaNuM badhuM muzkela banI jAya che. aneka vidvAna pAsethI lekhe ekaThA karavA e ja mAtra kaThina kAma nathI. paraMtu A badhA lekhonI saMkalanA karavI ane tenuM mudraNa karavuM e ghaNuM kaThina kAma che. temAM paNa khAsa karIne kAgaLanA vadhatA jatA bhAva ane mudraNa kalAnA bhAvo jyAre khUba UMcA gayelA che tyAre amAre mATe A graMthanuM prakAzana eka moTuM sAhasa hatuM. to paNa e zakya banAvavAmAM je de rahI gayelA hoya te udAra carita ane marmajJa vidvAna pAsethI kSamApUrvaka nihALavAnI ane abhyarthanA karIe chIe. vistRta phalaka UparanA A kAmamAM AjanAmAM koI khAmI, doSa jaNAya to mApha karazo. eka vidvAna kavie kahyuM che tema cAlatAM cAlatAM pramAdavaza paDI javAya tyAre dujane ja hase che. sajajano to sahAnubhUtithI samAdhAna karI Ape che. pharIne A bhagIratha prayAsamAM je kaI saMsthAo ane vyakitaoe amAro vAsa thAbaDyuM che ane A prayAsane protsAhaka baLa ApyuM che te saunA ame atyaMta traNI chIe. cheka chellI ghaDIe eziyana rASTronI vipula mAhitI amane maLI che paNa dezakALanA kaparA saMjogene laIne A prayAsane sarvAMgasaMpUrNa banAvI nathI zakayA. rolImAM pAnAM sthApatya para parama kRpALu paramAtmA taka Apaze te vizva darzanano virATakAya mahAgraMtha taiyAra karavAnI AkAMkSA hRdayamAM bharI rAkhI che. -naMdalAla bI. devaka Jain Education Intemational mational

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OODOODDDDDDDDDD mA : anukramaNikA na ODD00DO0OOOOOO ka saMpAdakIya noMdha nalAla devA 37 jainAcAryo (saurabha neMdha) THE NUDE GODDESS OR "SHAMELESS WOMAN" IN WESTERN ASIA, INDIA AND SOUTH-EASTERN ASIA Sri H. D. Sankalia ASIATIC DEMOCRACY Sri Aurobindo 81 OUR INDIAN MUSEUMS THE ASIAN TRADITION Sri Sanat Banerji IRANIAN INFLUENCE ON EARLY INDO-PAKISTANI CULTURES Sri H. D. Sankalia RESEARCH IN EDUCATION AT THE SRI AUROBINDO ASHRAM Sri Kireet Joshi THE MIDDLE PALAEOLITHIC CULTURES OF INDIA, CENTRAL AND WESTERN ASIA AND EUROPE Sri H. D. Sankalia NEW EVIDENCE FOR EARLY MAN IN KASHMIR Sri H. D. Sankalia eziyAnA rASTronI zAsana vyavasthA zrI praviNa na. zeTha eziyAnuM kartavya zrI araviMda Jain Education Intemational

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30 125 eziyAnuM AdhunikaraNa ane tenA bhAvinI dizA zrI govardhana dave zrI vimala paTela 135 hindI-eriyAnI eka samRddha bhASA zrI jayendra trivedI 137 budha- keryuzyasa ane lAo... paricayAtmaka avalokana zrI jagadIza sI. jezI 153 bhAratane vArtAkhajAno prA. zrI jayaMtilAla bhuvA 19 jaMbudvIpane prAcIna bhAratIya sAhityamAM ullekha zrImatI caMdrikAbahena vAsudeva pAThaka 181 pArasIonuM purANu vartamAna vatana bhArata zrI vAsudeva vi. pAThaka 197 pASANunagarI aMkerathama zrI umina mahetA 21 bauddhadharmanI pUrvAbhimukhI yAtrA che, pravINabhAi DIkha ApaNo paurANika vArase ane purANomAM eziyA- zrI anaMtarAya ja. rAvaLa rA rAka rAmAyaNanA digvIjaya zrI umina mahetA para yuenazuAMga (hyu-ena-saMga)nI bhAratayAtrA che, je. ema. zAha zrI vijayagupta maurya 229 maleziyAmAM bhAratIya saMskRti ra33 bhAratamAM muslima kacarane samanvaya zrI prahalAda paTela Jain Education Intemational ducation International

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raka megesthenise ce bhAratanuM zrI ramezakAMta ge. parIkha 247 phAhiyAnano bhArata pravAsa zrI je. e. zAha, 25ya saMskRtitulanA zrI mULazaMkara prA. bhaTa, (bhAratIya ane pAzcAtya saMskRtionA) (tulanAtmaka abhyAsa para uDato daSTipAta) zrI kezubhAI bAroTa ra83 saMskAra ane saMskRti eka adhyayana saMskRtine prabhAva ane parivartane bhAratIya saMskRtine vizmAM pracAra zrI yazavaMta kaDIkara, 287 zrI narottama vALaMda, rahara pazcima eziyA upara bhAratIya saMskRtinuM prAbalya zrI surezacaMdra kanathAlAla dave 295 -DA, cInubhAI nAyaka, 301 bhAratIya saMskRtinA keTalAMka viziSTa lakSaNe bhAratanI sarvatomukhi zAzvata samRddhi vAyavya bhArata ane kuzANu saMskRti zrI jamanAzaNa nA pAThaka 305 -zrI ema vI. mevANI 313 zrI hasamukha paMDyA 317 vartamAna eziyA para pazcimane prabhAva eziyana rASTrono Arthika sahakAra eziyana samAna bajAranI bhUmikA bhAratanI grAmodhogIkaraNa janAo zrI himata paTela karI zrI madhusudana bI zAha dain Education Intermational Jain Education Intemational

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zrI zebhAnaMda jhA 28 zrI puSkara caMdaravAkara 45 zrI ke. je mamudAra kapara vazarAmabhAI vAghelA eziyAmAM vanaspati ane phaLa saMpatti eziyAne loka lalakAre che arvAcIna eziyAnAM samRddha graMthAlaye eziyAmAM jANavA jevuM eziyAnA girivaro ane punita nadIo eziyA samakSanA paDakAro rAjakIya sthiratA-AdhunikaraNa ane vikAsa vizva saMskRtionuM pAraNu hIMcaLatuM bhArata eziyAnA jAtirdhare zrI azeSa je. zAstrI zrI pravINa na. zeTha zrI rameza trivedI 389 397 402 407 414 zrI ramaNalAla ja, lAla 472 480 488 493 498 505 421 426 431 maryAdA puruSottama zrI rAma pUrNa puruSottama zrI kRSNa gautama buddha bhagavAna mahAvIra konphayuziyasa hIro DeTasa hAmurAbI mekrejha DevIDa solomana azura banI pAla mahAna sAyarasa DarAyasa caMdragupta maurya azoka mahAna heroDa aze jarathustra Izu khrista aTilA hArUna ala-razIda mahaMmada salAdIna jagIsa khAna kubalAIkhAna taimura akabara meIjha mushI culAloMgakorna sunayAta sena mAsetuMga kavivara ravindranAtha TAgora mehanadAsa karamacaMda gAMdhI 510 514 519 440 440 523 528 447 533 451 538 456 543 548 467 553 Jain Education Intemational

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A bhAratanI citrazailIne aitihAsika paricaya zrI naretama palANuM pachI bhuvanezvaranA prAcina maMdira samuha zrI prabhAzaMkara oghaDabhAi sApurA paSa bhAratavarSanA keTalAka darzanIya sthAne 3 ela DI. joSI 59 bhAratanA netRtvano prazna zrI sanata bena pa9pa (digaMbara) jainadharmanA avatArI puruSa ane temane huM samartha anuyAyIo zrI kapilabhAI koTaDiyA eziyAnA dharmomAM Izvara viSayaka vicAro. zrI esa, eca paMcAla ja bhI-khagoLanA vaijJAnika vicAronI samIkSA samIkSA. pa. abhayasAgara jaina muni ja TapAlanI TikiTa zrI kitIkumAra phUlacaMda dozI, 15 eziyAne vyApAra ane rAjakAraNa parane tene prabhAva zrI caMdrakAnta eca. joSI zrI manubhAi bI. zAha, zrI nirbhayarAma ThAkara 35 bhAratIya saMskRtimAM videzI sabhyatAne prabhAva. 13 eziyana mahAprajAo 65 agni eziyA para bhAratIya saMskRtine prabhAva 7. dharma ane rASTravAda dakSiNa tathA dakSiNa-pUrva thI purakarabhAi zekANI Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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eziyAnA saMdarbhamAM zrI mahendra jhaverI. 701 paradezI pravAsIonI najare bhAratanuM lokajIvana -zrI jotibena thAnakI eziyana rASTro 717 jApAna zrI kRSNavadana jeTalI hara3 thAilenDa 927 aphaghAnistAna 735 sIMgApura siriya 739 745 cIna 753 bhAratIya saMskRtino deza InDoneziyA upapa makAoeziyAmAMnu pArTugIjha cInI saMsthAna 58 bhAratathI rakSita sIkIma rAjya 763 bAyabala pradeza IjharAyala Jain Education Intemational

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35 03 zrIlaMkAne pravAsa ka7 malayeziyAne pravAsa ka70 IrAka cha45 dakSiNa prazAMta mahAsAgaramAM laghu bhArata-phijI 78 merizasa 780 madhya eziyAnI jhalaka ha3 jorDana hara 805 bhUtAna barmA-brahmadeza 11 lebAna 19 sAudI arebiyA ane paDozI nAnA Araba rAjya 82 IrAnane sAMskRtika pravAsa 93pa meMgoliyA 43 philIpAisa Jain Education Intemational

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85 lAosa 859 khera prajAsattAka-kamboDiyA hoMgakoMga 0 arabI rAjya keta nepAla 93 bhAratamAM IslAma saMskRtino saMgharSa ane samanvaya DaoN. cinubhAI nAyaka ha1 vividha kSetranI viziSTa vyaktio hamaka Jain Education Intemational

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jainAcAryo-munivaryo zrI vijaya dharmadhuraMdhara sUrIzvara mahArAja sAheba - saurASTra bhUmi sadA sohAgaNa che. teNe Aja sudhImAM aneka vaMdanIya vibhUtione janma Ape che. yoga, adhyAtma, tattvaciMtana, dharma, nIti, sAhityakalA Adi kSetramAM Aje je kaMI pragati thayelI jovAya che, te A vibhUtione AbhArI che. Aje evI ja eka vibhUti AcArya zrI vijaya dhama dhuraMdhara surIzvarajI mahArAja, e tyAgI che, saMta che, jJAnanI gaMgA che ane namratA tathA prasannatAnI jIvatI jAgatI mUrti che. e sahune samabhAvathI nihALe che. sahunA kalyANanI kAmanA kare che. ane nAnI moTI aneka vyaktionA saMzayonuM nivAraNa karIne temanAmAM apUrva AtmazraddhAnuM baLa reDe che. pitAnuM saMsArI nAma dhIrajalAla hatuM. janma bhAvanagaramAM thaye. temaNe tera varSanI bALavaye saMsArane moha choDaye pUjya pitA pItAmbaradAsa sAthe zramaNAvasthAno vIkAra karyo ane zAstra, dhyayana tathA cAritra nirmANamAM pitAnuM citta parovyuM. dAdA gurU zrI vijayanemisUrIzvarajI mahArAja, dIkSA guruzrI vijaya amRtasUrIzvarajI mahArAja tathA gaNivarya zrI puNyavijayajI mahArAja nI pavitra nizrAmAM temaNe jJAna ane kriyA baMneno anupama vikAsa sAdhyo. teo zAstra siddhAntamAM pravINa thayA. vyAkaraNamAM vizArada banyA. kAvya racanAmAM kuzaLatA darzAvavA lAgyA, darzanazAstramAM ajoDa pratibhA paricaya ApavA lAgyA. tathA jyotizAdi anya vidyAomAM paNa nipuNyane camatkAra darzAvavA lAgyA. keIne kalpanA na hatI ke saurASTra bhAvanagaranA eka sAmAnya sthitinA vaNika kuTuMbamAM janmelA dhIrajalAla bALavayamAM tyAgI-vairAgI banIne TUMka samayamAMja pAMDityanAM kSetramAM ATalo prabhAva pAtharaze ? paNa khare khara ? tema banyuM ane teNe hajAre haiyAMne jItI lI sajana ghaNuM vizAla che ane te vividha viSane vizadatAthI sparzanAruM che. munizrI abhayasAgarajI mahArAja vijJAna jyAre vizvanA sImADA oLaMgI caMdraloka para pahoMcyuM tyAre sArI duniyAmAM khaLabhaLATa macI gayo. loko kahevA lAgyA zuM zAstro ane zuM Agazo! zuM veda ! ane zuM purANe! badhuM ja gapa che. puNya ane pApanA bahAne, deva ane narakanA nAme. dharmAcAryo dhRtI gayA. vaijJAnikoe jagata upara mahA-upakAra karyo dharmAcAryonI juDDI vAvI ! bhaluM thaje e vijJAnikonuM! A badhuM sAMbhaLI eka mahAtmAnuM dila dravI uThayuM; hRdaSa piokArI uThayuM ! are ! jeNe saghaLuM jIvana jana-kalyANArthe khayuM te dharmAcAryone mAthe AvuM ALa ! jagadudvA2ka dharmane AvuM kalaMka ! peTa mATe pAsano pADatA e vaijJAniko sAcA nathI. A vAta mAre jagatane jaNAvavI ja paDaze. ane te mahAtmAe deza paradezanA lekhako ciMtakonA vicAronuM maMthana karyuM ane kalama upADI vijJAna sAme morace mAMDayo. eka-be nahi-pAMca sAta nahi-judI judI bhASAmAM judI judI dalilothI pacIsa-pacIsa pustake bahAra pADyAM. ovijJAniko ! tame sAcA nathI ! tamArA pracAramAM kaMIka rahasya che. dharmAcAryone jUTha bolavAnI koI jarUra nathI. tamArI vAto paraspara virodhI che. janatAne bhramamAM na nAMkhe. e mahAtmAM te pUjya paM. zrI abhayasAgarajI gaNivara, mahesANA jIlAmAM....khAbociya jevaDuM unAvA (mIrA dAtAra) gAma te temanuM janmasthAna. mUlacaMdabhAI temanA pitAjInuM nAma, mAtAjInuM nAma maNibahena. banne paramadayALu, pApabhIru ane sAtvika guNothI yukta, dharma mAge jIvana Jain Education Intemational

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38 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 vyatita karavAnI tamannAvALAM. vi.saM. 1981 nA jeTha vada 13 nA "punita prabhAta savAre cAra vAge mAtA maNibene eka panotA putrane janma Apyo. zubha divase e bAlakane nAma karaNa vidhi thaze. amRtalAla e nAme teo eLakhAvA lAgyA. amRtalAlanA janma pachI mULacaMdabhAI tathA maNibenanI dharmabhAvanA uttarottara vRddhi pAmavA lAgI. sadagurunA caraNamAM jIvana gujAravAnI tAlAvelI jAgI. mAta-pitAnA susaMskAre nAnakaDA amRtalAlane vArasAmAM maLyA. temanI dharmabhAvanA amRtalAlanA hiye paNa spazI cUkI. mAta pitA e saMsAra tyAgane nirNaya karyo te pahelAM ja saMyamanI anumati mAMgI. vi. sa. 1985nA aSADa suda 10 paramaha sAthe tene dIkSA apAvI pite paNa temanA pachI cha mahine pravajyAnA punita paMthe prayANa karyuM. amRtalAle kahI dIdhuM ke, mAre dIkSA levI che. bAladIkSA sAme te samaye prala virodha. amRtalAlanA mArgamAM aNuka9yA aMtarAye UbhA thayA. paNuM ane aMtaranI UmiMca sAkAra banI. bahuzrata pUjyapAda Agama dvA2ka zrI sAgarAnaMda sUrijI mahArAja rAhabara banyA. sADA cha varSanI uM 11nA puNya dIvase zaMkhezvara tIrthamAM saMyamI banyA. pitAjInuM nAma muni dharma sAgarajI mahArAja mAtAnuM nAma sAdhvI zrI sadaguNa zrI jI. pitAnuM nAma muni abhayasAgarajI ane bahenanuM nAma sAva sulasIzrI jI rAkhavAmAM AvyuM. - mani zrI dharma sAgarajIe bAlamunimAM saMskAro sAthe jJAna vRddhi thAya tevA prayatna AdaryA. nyAya vyAkaraNa sAthe jaina dharmanuM agAdha adhyayana karAvyuM. jenA phaLa svarUpe teo Aje jaina dharmanI gaNanApAtra vyaktiomAM mokhare che. munizrI abhayasAgarajI saMyama jIvanamAM paNa khUba AgaLa vadhyA. "jJAna kriyA mokSa e jaina dharmanuM mahatvanuM sUtra, jJAna ane kriyA eka ja rathanAM be cakra. munizrIe ane cakone susAdhya banAvI lIdhAM. munizrInI sAdhanA agaLa vadhI. saM. 2022mAM jeTha vada agiyArasanA roja kapaDavaMjamAM gacchAdhipati pUjya zrI mANikayasAgara sUrIzvarajI mahArAjanA varada haste gaNipada arpaNa thayuM. munizrInA zubha harate aneka graMthanuM saMpAdana thayuM. aneka sthaLe temanI vANI-sudhAnuM pAna karI loko dharma mArge joDAvA lAgyA. pUjya garachAdhipatizra'nA maMgala AzirvAdathI sarva prathama teozrIe pU. upa zrI dharma sAgarajI ma. sA.nI nizrAmAM vejalapuramAM Agama sUtro upara mahatvanuM vivecana karyuM. jeNe pUrvakAlIna " Agama-vAcanAnI jhAMkhI karAvI. saM. 2029nA mahAsuda trIjanA roja sakalasaMghanI vinaMtIthI pU. upA. zrIdhama sadagArajI ma (teozrInA pitAzrI)e teo zrIne panyAsa pade ArUDha karyA. tyArabAda pU. zrI abhayasAgarajI ma. sAhebe bIjI vAra " Agama-vivecanA" 2029 nA ujamaphaInA upAzraye cAturmAsa daramyAna karI jene hajAro bhAgyazALI jJAnapipAsuoe lAbha lIdho. apramatta jIvana, zAstrAnusArI jIvana, dhIra-gaMbara mukhAkRti, sadAya svastha jaNAto cahero teozrInA ucajIvanano gavAha pure che. zramaNa jIvananI maryAdAmAM rahIne teozrIe TAMcA sApano thI vijJAna sAme je jhehAda jagAvI teNe vidvAnonA mAnasapaTamAM teozrInuM nAma sadA sarvadA aMkita karI dIdhuM. "mArA : pUro ima:' sUtrane sAkSAta AcaraNamAM utArI teozrI anekanA pathadarzaka thayA che. nAnA bALaka jevI nikhAlasatA ane bhalalAomAM na dekhAtI nirAbhimAnatAne teozrIe jIvanamAM evI vaNI lIdhI che ke bAlakathI mAMDI buddAo sudhI sarva teozrI pratye eka sarakho Adara dharAve che. vidha-vidha pravRttiothI viTaLAyela hovA chatAM teozrInA AcAra ane sAdhanA jIvanamAM teozrI haMmeza makkama rahyA che. ane lokonA haiyAmAM bhAvabharyA sthAnane pAmyA che. Aje pacAsa varSanI vaye bIlakula svabhAvikapaNe pitAnI sAdhanA sAthe jIvamAtranA hitanI kAmanAthI deza-deza vicarI janatAnA hadayamAM dharmanI zraddhA daDha karI rahyA che. munizrInA haiyAmAM eka bhAvanA jAgRta thayelI che ke-vijJAnavAde sajelI visaMvAditAne dUra karavA caMdra-sUryanI gati AdinuM spaSTa jJAna thAya. dharmAcAryoe lokone bharamAvyA nathI. zAstro ane AgAme juThThAM nathI. svarga ane naraka che. pRthvI pharatI nathI paNa sthira che. vagere hakIkato siddha karavA eka vAstavika racanA karavI ane jIvanamAM sAdhanAnuM bala keLavI vItarAga vANInI nirNAyakatA, sacoTatA ane jIvanamAM bhavyatA lokonA haiyAmAM pedA karavI. A mATe zAsanadeva teo Jain Education Intemational

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smRti sadabha graMtha zrInI bhAvanA pUrNa kare teja abhyanA. bhU. bhramaNa zeAdha sasthAna nAmanI sa`sthAnI sthApanA karI. sauMskRta, hindI, gujarAtI ane agrejI bhASAmAM e Dajhana uparAMta pustakA prakAzIta karyAM. jemAM mukhya viSaya pRthvI gALa nathI. 'ktI nathI', epeAle! caMdra para gayu' nathI A viSayane mAtra zAstranI vAtathI ja siddha karavAnA badale videzanA vaijJAnikAnA kathana TAMkIne sAbita karavAne bhagIratha prayatna hajIya cAlu che. A mATe yunivarsiTIo, kAlejo, hAIskulA ke kalameAmAM jAhera pravacane teezrInA khyAta che. eka prakhara vaijJAnikanI rUe teozrI sa'zeAdhananA kSetre AgaLa dhapI rahyA che. zAsanadeva temane dIrghAyu ape` eja. pUjya zrI kailAsa sAgarajI mahArAja zrI pajAkhamAM ludhiyANA jillAmAM temanA janma thayA. bI. e sudhIne temanA abhyAsa. uparAMta vizALa dhArmi ka vAMcanane kAraNe temanI vidvatAne prasiddhi maLI gaI. hemacaMdra vyAkaraNa, prAkRta vyAkaraNa ane urdu bhASAnA UMDA abhyAsa. 2005nA mAgazara zuda 10 ne divase gADIjI-muMbaImAM panyArapada te pachI 2001nA mAgazara zudI chaThe ne divase amadAvAda jillAnA sANaMda mukAme upAdhyAyapada ane te pachI 2022nA mAgazara vadI 11 ne divase AcAya pada prApta thayuM. temanA hAthe paMdara jeTalA aMjanazalAkA, daza jeTalA upadhAna tapa mahotsava, saMghayAtrAe, tI yAtrAe ane aneka zAsana prabhAvanAe thayAnuM jaNAya che, pacIza jeTalA pratiSThA mahAtsave thayA haze-uttara gujarAtamAM mahesANAmAM zrImadhara svAmInuM mADhu. aitihAsika kAma paNa temanI DhAravaNI nIce jAtu rahyuM che. temanu cAMritryajIvana ghaNuM ja U'cuM che. virakta kacAgI zrI vijayavallabhasUri 39 AcAryazrI vijayavallabhasUrijI eka evA mahApuruSa hatA jemaNe jaina samAjane dhamamAge vALavAmAM ane samAjanA sarvAMgI utka sAdhavAmAM peAtAnA javananI paLepaLa khacI hatI. emanu jIvana aneka vyaktie mATe mArgadarzaka dIvAdAMDIrUpa anyu hatuM. gujarAta, saurASTra, mevADa, mAravADa ane vizeSarUpe pAmamAM pagapALA saphara karI temaNe TheraThera zikSaNa sa`sthAe UbhI karI saMgaTTana sAdhavA upadeza ApyA. matamatAMtarA cheADIne jaina samAjane eka thavAnI preraNA ApI ane jJAnanI jalata jyota pragaTAvI. AcA yazrI vijayavallabhasUrine janma vaDAdarAmAM vi.sa. 1927 nI kACka suda bIjane divase thayA hatA. emanA pitAzrI dIpacaMdAI ane mAtA IcchAbAinuM jIvana dharma dharAyaNa hatu. eTale AcArya zrI vijayavallabhasUrimAM paNa bALapaNathI ja dharma saskAra paDyA hatA. zizuavasthAmAM bALakanuM nAma chaganalAla rAkhavAmAM AvyuM hatu, chaganalAlane mAtApitAnI snehamaya zItala chAyA lAMbe samaya maLI nahI. nAnapaNamAMja emaNe prathama pitA ane pachI mAtAnA AdhAra gumAvyeA. mAtAnI aMtima ghaDIe chaganalAle enI pAse jaI ne pUchyuM ke A sasAramAM kene sahAre tuM mane cheADIne jaI rahI che tyAre dha parasta mAtAe jarAye acakAyA vinA peAtAnA pyArA putrane javAkha ApyA ke ahaMtanu' zaraNu svIkAraje. mAtAnA zabdoe bALakane enA bhAvi jIvananI dizA batAvI dvIdhI. chaganalAlane nAnapaNathI AtmakalyANanI laganI lAgI hatI. evAmAM paMdara varSanI uMmare eka mahAna krAMtikArI jaina muninA vyAkhyAnarUpa amRtanuM pAna karavAnA emane avasara maLyeA. emanA eka eka zabde enA hRdayamAM Asana jamAvI dIdhuM. jaina muninI jAdumarI vANIe chaganane eTalA badhA jakaDI rAkhyA ke vyAkhyAna pUru thatAM AkhA hAla khAlI thaI gayA tyAre te te tyAM ja beThA rahyo. gurudeva zrI AtmArAmajI mahArAje A kizerane joyA. emane thayuM ke keAI duHkhI sAdhanahIna yuvAna pAtAnA kAI abhAvanI pUrti karAvI ApavAnuM kahevA mATe beThA lAge che. paraMtu jyAre e navayuvake gabhIratAthI kahyu ke ene tA AtmakalyANu rUpI dhananI AvazyakatA che tyAre dIrghadRSTi Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 vALA e mahAtmA tarata ja pAmI gayA ke A navayuvakanA aMtaHkaraNamAM sAcA vairAjanI jayota prakAze che, jenA sonerI kiraNe samAja. deza ane duniyAnuM hita karaze. chevaTe aneka avarodha pAra karIne chaganalAle guru AtmArAmajI mahArAja pAse vi.sa. 1943mAM rAdhanapuramAM dIkSA lIdhI. emane valabha vijaya nAma ApavAmAM AvyuM ane munI zrI harSavijayajI emanA gurU banyA. dIkSA lIdhA pachI tarata ja teo zAstranA abhyAsamAM lAgI gayA. bhagIratha parizrama. naiSTika vinaya ane tanmayatAthI emaNe zAstronuM adhyayana karyuM. vi.sa. 1953mAM AcArya zrI AtmArAmajIne svargavAsa thayo. emaNe aMtima samaye munizrI vijaya valabhane paMjAbamAM jana zAsananA saMrakSaNa ane saMvardhananA kAmamAM lAgI rahevAnuM temaja paMjAbanI saMbhALa levAnuM sepyuM hatuM. e sAthe zikSaNa pracAra mATe Thera The2 sarasvatI maMdiranI sthApanA karAvavAmAM sahAyaka thavAne Adeza paNa gurUva ApyuM hatuM gurUdevanA A Adezane zirodhArya karIne munizrI vijayavahalajI pitAnA nirdhArelA kAryakSetramAM phadI paDayA. emaNe bhAratanA judA judA prAMtonI padayAtrA karI ane satya ane ahiMsAnI jyotinAM darzana lokone karAvyAM. jaina saMgha para thatA prahArothI enI rakSA karI. dezamAM Thera Thera zikSaNa saMsthAonI sthApanA karavA mATe preraNA ApI. sane 1947 mAM dezanA bhAgalA thatAM paMjAbamAM je hatyAkAMDa thayo romAMthI jainasaMghane sAMgopAMga bahAra lAvavAnuM kAma paNa emaNe nirbhayatAthI karyuM. thoDA samayamAM ja teo pitAnI sevAbhAvanAthI saMghanA hadaya samrATa banI gayA ane saMghe pitAnI kRtajJatA pragaTa karavA mATe lAhoramAM emane vi.saM. 1982 mAM " AcArya"nI padavIthI vibhUSita karyA. AcAryazrIe tapa ane vairAgyanI ArAdhanAnI sAthe sAthe samAjanA utkarSa mATe upayogI lAbhakAraka racanAtmaka pravRttio paNa karI hatI. emaNe Thera Thera zikSaNa saMsthAnI sthApanA karAvavA uparAMta navA maMdiranuM nirmANa, jIrNoddhAra temaja sAhitya prakAzana para paNa dhyAna ApyuM hatuM. eka vizeSa kAma emaNe pIDita madhyama varganA utkarSanuM, asahAya vidhavAone ane bekArone madada ApavAnuM karyuM hatuM. AcAryazrI sAdhu saMsthAnA jyoti ananya gurubhakta, Adarza zamaNu, satata udyamI, premanI mUrti, rASTra premanA pUjArI, AvatI kAlanA svapnadaSTA, ugra tapasvI, nirAbhimAnI, sarvagrAhI vyAkhyAtA, samAja kalyANanA upadA ane samayajJa vizvavalama hatA. AcAryazrIe vastutaH pitAnA 84 varSanA jIvanakArya daramiyAna AtmakathAnI sAtho sAtha jaina samAjanA utkarSa mATe anokhuM kAma karyuM hatuM. jaina zAsanane unnatinA aneka mArgo batAvyA hatA ane anekavidha saMsthAo sthApavAnI preraNA ApIne jaina samAjane AgaLa laI javAnuM ati mahatvanuM kAma karyu hatuM. aMta sudhI teo A kAmamAM rata rahyA hatA. vRddhAvasthA paNa emane parAjita karI zakI nahotI. chevaTe vi.saM. 2010 mAM muMbaImAM navakAra maMtrano jApa karatA emaNe potAnA bhautika dehano tyAga karyo ane amaratva prApta karyuM. (zrI umedamala hajArImalanA saujanyathI) mATe ayu ha" sthApaka zubhecchA pAThave che zubhecchA pAThave che bAdAnAnesa sahakArI maMDaLI mu : bedAnAnesa jesara pAse( ji. bhAvanagara) | zrI lImaDIyA sahakArI maMDaLI lImaDIyA (gaDhaDA tAluke) (ji. bhAvanagara) Jain Education Intemational

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smRti sadabha graMtha jJAna tapasvI zruta zIlavArIdhI Agama prabhAkara munizrI puNyavijayajI prabhAkara smRti pUNyavijayajI gujarAta ane rAjasthAnanI tavArInA khUTatA akeADA ekatra karI ApanAra e eliyAe karelI sevA sadA jIvaMta raheze. jaina graMtha bhaDArAmAM verivakhera avasthAmAM paDelI itihAsa sAmagrIne saMkhyAbaMdha nAnA meTA graMthAmAM agA cara banI gayelA pUMjamAMthI vALI cALI sApha karIne tavArIkhanAM navAM mizana sarjI ApanAra jaina sAdhue emanI pravajyAne prakAza vatA banAvI che. jesalapIra pATaNa ane chUTA chavAyA bhaMDArAnI navaracanAnuM mahAkA bajAvI jANanAra mUnizrI ji'dagIbhara " tavArIkhanAM tapasvI " anI rahyAM. sa'pradAya ane vADAnI ke saMghANAnI talabhAra bhedarekhAne vacce lAvavA dIdhA sivAya munizrI pUNya vijayajIe bhAratanAM itihAsane ajavALavAnu puNya kArya hAtha dharI jANyu che, Aje gujarAta pAse ThIka pramANamAM kahI zakAya teTalA pramANamAM purAtatvavetA tathA itihAsa vida upalakSya che. temAM paDita puruSa pUNya vijayajIne bahu mATA phALe che. itihAsanA ageAcara paDAne ukheLIne tenuM samanvaya karavAnuM kArya jarAye saraLa na hatuM. jyAre itihAsa pratye ApaNI dRSTi AjanA. jeTalI vikasI na hatI. tyAre AjathI 50 varSa pahelAM tavArIkhanA tANAvANA geAThavavAnA kAOmAM guMthAI javuM e eka virala kAryaM hatuM. emAM bhArAbhAra dUra dezI ane AdRSTi hatI. munizrI puNya vijayajIe karelAkArya gujarAtane gaurava apAvyuM che. ekalu' jaina jagata nahIM paraMtu samagra gujarAta munivaryanuM RNI che. emanA AdaryA hajI adhUrA rahyA che. teo vidvaMda jagatamAM khukha cAhanA ane Adara meLavI zakayA hatA. tee sAcA ane sa`pUrNa` arthAMmAM jJAnAdhAraka hatA. prAcIna jJAna bhaMDArAnA samudvAranu prAcIna jINu viralapratAne ciraMjIvI banAvavAnu, jaina AgamasUtre temaja anya durgAMma prAcIna graMthAnA zeAdhana sa`pAdana karavAnuM ane deza videzanA vidvAneAne pUrI udAratA ane sahAyatA sAthe dareka prakAranI sahAya karavAnuM mahArAjazrInuM kArya Adarza, benamUna ane zakavatI kahI zakAya evu hatu', mahArAjazrInuM jJAnAdhAranuM A kArya teezrInA parama pujyadAdA gurU prazAMtamUti pravartaka zrI kAntivijayajI mahArAja tathA parama pujya AjIvana vidyAsevI guruvarya zrI catura vijayajI mahArAje zarU karelI taktinI paraMparAnu khUkha gaurava vadhAre evuM hatu. pUjyapAda puNya vijayajI mahArAje jJAnAdhAranA kSetramAM karelu kAryAM eTalu virATa che. ane teozrInA svargavAsathI A kSetramAM eTalI meATI kheATa UbhI thai che ke te kayAre, kevI rIte pUrI thaze tenI kalpanA karavI paNa Aje te muzkela che. eka satata kAryazIla, sasthA karI zake eTalu' meATu' kAya te zrIe karela che. teezrInA jIvana sAthe vaNu!I gayelI utkaTa zratabhakitanu` 4 A supariNAma che. janmabhUmi kapaDa'jamAM sa. 1956nA kArataka sudi pAMcama (jJAna paMcamI)nA rAja mAtA mANekabenane tyAM putraratnanA janma thayA. pitA DAyAbhAI dhaniSTa hatA. bALaka maNIlAla cAreka mahinAnA hatA tyAre mAtA bALakane gharamAM mUkIne taLAve kapaDA dhAvA gayA. pAchaLathI gharane Aga lAgI ane eka nekadIla vaheArA gRhasthe sAhasa karIne bALakane acAvI lIdhA, nAnI uMmare pitAnA svargavAsa thayA, dharmanA raMge raMgAyelu mANekabenanu mana sayamane ja...khI rahyu. peAtAnA prANasamA putrane paNa saMyamane mAge' doravAnA sakalpa karyA, vikrama savaMta 1965nA mahAvadI 5 ne divase chANI mukAme baDabhAgI mAtAe putrane dikSA apAvI. maNIlAla muni puNyavijayajI tarIke pravartaka zrI kAntivijayajI mahArAjanA ziSya, muni pravara zrI caturavijayajI mahArAjanA ziSya banI gayA. ne e eka divasa pachI mAtAe paNa 41

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42 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 zatruMjayanI pajiMtra chAyAmAM pAlItANA zaheramAM dIkSA lIdhI. nAma sAdhvI rahtojI, peAtAnA putranA jJAna ane cAritryanA sAdhaka, eka Adarza dharmaguru tarIke zatadalakamalanI jema vikAsa joIne A sAdhvIjI 2022nA svargavAsI thayA. jJAnApAsaka vidvAna hovA uparAMta mahArAjazrI zramaNadharmanA uddeza ane sArarUpa Atma sAdhanAmAM paNa evAja magna ane satata jAgarUka hatA. nirmaLa sayamanI ArAdhanA teonA jIvana sAthe sAva sahaja paNe evI etaprAta manI gai hatI ke enI madhura ane pavitra chApa teAvA vicArAmAM, kathanamAM ane vartanamAM jovA maLatI hatI. zrI mahAvIra vidyAlayanI pavitra mULa AgamasUtreAne pragaTa karavAnI meTI cAjanAnI javAdArI teozrIe ullAsa pUrvaka svIkArI hatI. te rIte mahArAjazrIe mahAvIra vidyAlaya ane jaina samAja upara bhAre upakAra karyA che. kharI rIte ethI jaina vidyA ane bhAratIya vidyAne deza videzanA vidyAnAne jIjJAsue pazu upakRta banyA che. AvA jJAna tapasvI, jJAnagarImAMthI zeAbhatA, saMtaprakRtInA prabhAvaka munivaranA muMbaImAM vIra. sa. 2027nA jeTha vaddI 6 tA, 14-6-71 seAmavAranA rAja svargavAsa thatAM bhArata bhanA jaina saghane ane dezadezanA vidyuta samAjane bhAgye ja purI zakAya evI meATI kheATa paDI che. (zrI umekramala hajArImalanA saujanyathI). sAhitya kalAratna munipuMgava zrI. cazeAvijayajI mahArAja gujarAtanA ItihAsamAM suprasiddha prAcIna durbhAvatI-DabhAI munizrInI janmabhUmi bhAInA zrImALI vAgAmAM zrI nAthAlAla vIracaMda zAha dharma parAyaNu kApaDanA prasiddha vyApArI vIsA zrImALI jJAtinA mukhya AgevAna hatA. temanA dharmapatnI zrI rAvikAbahena paNa dharmaparAyaNa ane vinamra hatA. sa. 1972nA poSa zude 2 ne divase eka putra ratnane janma ApyA. mAtA ane bhAiebaheneAnA AnaMdanA pAra nahAtA. pitAtA pahelA svage sIdhAvI gayA hatAkhALa jIvaNalAlane pitAnI chatra chAyA tA na maLI, mAtAjI paNu pAMca varSanA khALa jIvaNalAlane mUkI vage sIdhAvyA. vaDIla adhu nagInabhAI e temanA ucheramAM AnaMda mAnce. jI hulAlanI buddhi tejasvI hatI. pUrvajanmanA sa'skArAne lIdhe saMgIta ane nRtyane nAda lagye. temAM prAviNya meLavyuM, prasaMge dasa-dasa hajAranI mAnavamedanIne peAtAnA sa'gIta ane nRtyathI maMtra mugdha karI hatI. sayama sAdhanA mATe bhAvanA jAgI ane sa. 1986nA akSaya tRtIyAnA magaLa divase kagiri tI mAM pU. zAsana prabhAvaka AcArya pravara zrI vijaya mAhanasUrijI mahArAjanA praziSya pU. munizrI dharmavijayajI (hAla AcAya zrI) mahArAjazrIe temane bhAgavatI dIkSA ApI muni yazeAvijayajI nAma ApyuM. mahuvAmAM vaDI dIkSA dhAmadhUma pUrvaka thaI. pU. gurudevAnI nizrAmAM zAstrAbhyAsa karavA lAgyA. buddhiprabhA evI ke vyAkaraNa kAvya koSa, kama~graMtha tathA Agama AdimAM pAraMgata thayA. zAstrAbhyAsanA viziSTa phaLa rUpe zrI bRhata saMgraNI sutra yAne trailedya dipIkAnuM saMpAdana karyuM. kalA ane khAsa karIne citrakalAnA evA teA anerA zAkha ke peAtAnA graMthamaNInA citrA svayaM doratA ane temAM navI bhAta pADI hatI. tala pazI abhyAsa, viziSTa buddhi prabhA tathA suMdara vivecana za ktane lIdhe teezrIe Tuka samayamAM jainadharmanA eka ucakeTanA vidvAna; kalA rasika ane saskRtinA jAtira tarIkenu sthAna prApta karI lIdhu che. zilpa ane sthApatyanA uDA-abhyAsI ane sAhitya sarjananA prANa preraka che. teozrIe pU. gurUdevanA sahakArathI karAvela mubaI mammAdevInA medAnamAM vizvazAMti jaina ArAdhanA satranA samAreAhu mubaInA itihAsamAM cirasmaraNIya banI gayA che. bhArata leAkazAhI taMtrane suvarNanI jarUra paDatAM te vakhatanA bhAratanA vaDA pradhAna zrI lAla bahAdura zAstrIe zrI

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 43 mArArajIbhAInI salAhathI gAlDa benDanI ceAjanA raju karI te vakhate pU. munizrIe rASTrIya jaina sahakAra samiti sthApIne jAhera sabhAmAM gRhamaMtrIzrI noMdAjIne 17 lAkhanI kiMmatanuM suvarNa arpaNa karAvyuM te kAryanI dezamAM pUrepUrI prazasA thaI hatI. jaina samAjamAM paNa teo ghaNA Adara pAtra che. " yazAbhAratI jaina prakAzana samiti ' nA saMkhyAmadha vid bhAgya graMthenuM saMpAdana teo karI rahyA che. aneka graMthAnuM saMpAdana karI paNa cUkavyA che. paNa zAstrIjInu tAkadamAM avasAna thatAM ane cIna sAthe sadhi thatAM e prasaMga baMdha rahyo hatA. ahiMyA mUrti bhagavAna paTAvI svAmInA jIvananA kalAtmaka citrAnA munizrI prANa preraka ane sarjaka che. kalA-jaina sa`skRti kalA kendranA saMsthApaka munizrIe jaina jagatane grAmephezananI dhArmika stavanAnI rekarDa ApIne navA navA prasthAna karI hajArA hRdayAne bhAvAllAsamAM tarakheLa karI vRddha-bimAra ane yuvAna peDhIne zItaLatA ApavAnuM pUNya kA varSAM sudhI yAdagAra banI raheze. jaina sa`skRti ane sAhitya kalAnA navA navA prasthAna karavA munizrI dIrghAyu bane eja abhyarthanA. ( jaina saMskRti kalA kendranA saujanyazrI) zAsana sarakSaka zrI dharmasAgarajI mahArAja A mahApuruSanA janma vi. sa'. 1957 bhA. su. 7 nA rAja unAvA (uMjhA pAse) mIrAMdAtAramAM zeThazrI nahAlacaMdabhAInA supatnI menAbenanI kukSithI thayela. nAnI vayamAM khUba jhaDapathI zALAnuM vyAvahArika zikSaNa meLavavAnI sAthe dhArDamaka abhyAsa paNa sAza karela. tyArakhA uMjhA hAIskulamAM temaja vIsanagara eDiMgamAM abhyAsa karI meTrikanI parIkSA pAsa karI dhadhArthe hArIja ane pachI muMbaImAM pATaNavALA zeThazrI nagInadAsa karamacaMda saMghavIne tyAM dharmakriyAnI sagavaDanA hi"Ame mahetAjI tarIke sarvisa svIkArI. muMbaI AvyA pachI pUjyazrInA dIkSAguru--te vakhate sa'sArI-avasthAmAM (amadAvAdanA rahevAzI) zrI cImanalAla jeziMgabhAI paTavA tathA pATaNanA gabha zrImata zrI bhagavAnadAsa hAlAbhAI (ke jemanI peDhI pUjyazrI besatA te dukAnanA upalA mALe hatI.)nA dharma prema cImanabhAI paTavA ane bhagavAnabhAInA saMyukta sahayAgathI pUjyazrIe krAMtikArInA nAme bhaLatI pesI gayelI vicAradhArAnI samajaNapUrvaka asAratA kalAke sudhI carcA-vicAraNAnA khaLe samajIne ragAvI dIdhI. pariNAme vi.sa'. 1984nA mAga. suda 5 thI zrAvaka jIvananA Adarza niyamA pathe javA sudhInI taiyArIe amalamAM mukAI. jIvananI kAyApalaTanA mULa pAyArUpe zrI vamAnatapanI ArAdhanAe khUbaja mahatvanA bhAga bhajavyeA. jemAM vamAna tapanI oLInA pAyA 20 divasanA zarU karyA te TheTha teramI oLIe jaIne pAraNuM karyuM. vacce pAraNuM ja na karyuM. vadhumAM A arasAmAM pU, AgamAhAraka AcArya devazrInA paricaya ane teozrInI tAtvika dezanAthI pramAvita banI, sa'sAranI asAratA yathAtha rIte samajI jagatanI sAme Adarza raju karavA rUpe peAtAnA be putro; eka putrI ane supatnI badhAne sAthe lapa caDhatI juvAnImAM paNa sa'sAranA bhAgeAne lAta mArI zakavAnI tAkAta jinazAsananI ArAdhanAmAM che, tevI preraNA bhAvuka puNyAtmAone maLe te AzayathI potAnA kuTuMbane dhArmika vAtAvaraNa ane tyAganA saMskArothI ragavA mAMDayuM. zarUAtamAM gharamAMthI khubaja virodhI ane dIkSAnA nAmathI bhaDakanAra, paNa khUbaja dhIraja ane khata pUrvaka samajAvaTanA pariNAme haiyuM palaTAvI gharamAMthI zrAvikAne paN sa'tAnAne sayama mArge vALI dIkSA levA mATe sahu taiyAra karyA. te vakhatanA vAtAvaraNanI viSamatAne lIdhe khAlIAmAM khUbaja kanaDagatA thatI joI pUjyazrIe peAtAnA saMtAnAne prathama dIkSA apAvI pachI pAte levAnuM nakkI karela. jethI vi.sa. 1984mAM peAtAnA moTA putra

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44 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-ra metilAla (uM. varSa 9)ne dhArmika rIte taiyAra karI jAmanagara mukAme rR. Agame dvAraka AcAya devazrI pAse dhAmadhUmathI dIkSA apAvavA laI gayA. pUjyazrI meATA dIkarAne laI amadAvAda AvI vidyA zALA jaina upAzrayamAM pU. A. vijaya siddhisUrijI ma. nA varadahaste vi.sa. 1984 aSADa suda 5 nA rAja dIkSA apAvI muni mahedaya sAgarajI ma. nAma rakhAvyuM. tyArabAda pote paNa cAmAsA pachI jAmanagaramAM dhAmadhUmathI vi.saM. 1985 nA mAga, su6 11 nA rAja pUjya AgamAddhAraka AcAya ma. zrI pAse dIkSA lIdhI. pUjyazrIe dIkSA lIdhI tyAre eka putra nAneA 45 vaSa~nA ane eka putrI rAA varSanI hAI temane sAta varSanA thAya tyAre dIkSA apAvI gharamAMthI zrAvikAe dIkSA levI ema TharAvI peAtAnI muDImilkata, ghara vagerenI bhAIe sAthe samajutI karI, satAnene sArA sa MskAra maLe, dhArmi ka vAtAvaraNanI asarathI vairAgyabhAvanA zrAvikAnI paNa majabUta rahe tethI dIkSA pUrve mahesANA saghavI peALamAM makAna mATe lai zrAvikA vagerene tyAM rAkhI dhArmika vAtAvaraNanI pAkI geADhavaNu karela. tethI te mujaba vi. sa. 1988nA mAgazara vada 11 zaMkhezvaratIrthe 65 varSanI vayanA nAnA putranI sayamanI icchA prakhala banavAthI pU. Agamo dhAraka AcAya - devazrInA haste dIkSA apAvI jemanuM nAma abhaya sAgarajI sthapAvyuM. mA dIkSA vakhate paNa mAMDala vagerenA keTalAka dharmAMdveSI aNasamajI leAkeAe khUbaja anicchanIya tAkAnA karela. jemAM pUjyazrInA meoTAbhAInI mehadazA bhaLavAthI te tAphAna jarA vadhu ugra banyuM. teApaNu A dhamAlamAM sAmela thayA. eTale zakhezvarathI bheAyaNI thai eka divasamAM navadIkSita khAlamaMnine amadAvAda surakSitarIte paheAMcADI devA paDacA. A pachI vi. sa. 1961nA kA. va. 5 ratalAma (M. P )mAM nAnI putrI (65 varSInI) sAthe zrAvikAe pazu dhAmadhumathI dIkSA lIdhI. temanAM nAma sAghvI bahuguNAzrIjIma ane sAdhvIzro sulakhAtrIjIma rAkhavAmAM AvyA. A rIte pUjyazrIe potAnA samasta parivArane saMsAranI mAhaka mAyAthI dUra karI prabhuzAsananA paMthe ArAdhanAmAM joDI dvIdhA. vi. sa. 2012mAM pUjyazrIe sa'sArI sAsujI ne paNa vRddhavaTo ArAdhanA karavA mATe preraNA karI teone paNa dhAmadhUmathI amadAvAdamAM dIkSA ApI ke jee 15 varSe dIkSA pALI be varSa pUrve ja svargavAsI thayAM A sivAya pUjyazrInA moTAbhAInI be dIkarIo tathA be bhANIe paNa Aje sacamanA pathe varSothI cAlI aneka jIvAnu` kalyANa karI rahyAM che. pUjyazrIe dIkSAnA be varSa pUrva vi. sa., 1983thI ekAzana zarU karyAM. te hajI sudhI (vi. sa. 2029) ativRddhavaya thavA chatAM cAlu rAkhyAM che. pUjyazrI jainasAdhuomAM ajoDa tapasvI che. teozrInI tapazcaryAnI TuMka nAMdha A pramANe che. 16 upavAsa 1 vAra 8 upavAsa be vAra. (A tapanA pAraNe paNa ekAsaNuM te kharu ja) 19 varSa sudhI lAga8 varSI`tapa ( eka divasa upavAsa eka divasa ekAsaNuM) chaThThuM tapathI 1 varSI tapa aThThamathI varSI tapa (10 mahinA) zrI vadhamAna tapanI 68 AthI. (jemAM 3ra thI oLI chaThThanA pAraNe cha, pAraNe Aya khIlathI) anekavidha tapazcaryA teozrIe karela che. derA sarAnA jINeAddhAra, dhArmika pAThazALA Aya.bIla, khAtAe, gAmanA kusa'pa-jhaghaDAonA nikAla sarakAra taraphathI thatA dharma virodhI kAyadAkAnunAnA uMDA abhyAsa karI temAMthI dhArmika hitanuM rakSaNa Adi aneka pravRttiomAM zarIranI paNa paravA karyA vinA satata maMDayA rahevu' e pUjyazrInI khAsIyata che pUjyazrInA upadezathI mALavA mevADamAM 1301kapa daherAsarAnA jIrNoddhAra, 9-10 dAnA navanirmANa, mAMDavagaDha jevA prAcInatInA AmUlacUla punaruddhAra 100 thI 125 dhArmika pAThazALAe; iMdora ratalAma, pratApagaDha, jayapura Adi aneka gAmAmAM kAyamI AyakhIla khAtA Adi dhArmika kArya thayAM che. AkhA mAlavA dezanA dhArmika dRSTie paNa jIrNoddhAra pUjyazrInI dharma preraNA maLe thaela che. pUjyazrIe mALavAnA eka-eka gAmamAM vihAra karI dharmadyota ghaNA karela che. mALavA ane mevADanA leAkeA pUjya zrIne peAtAnA tAraka ane dharmanA patha batAvanAra tarIke biradAve che. pUjyazrI sarakArI kAyadAonA dharma virAdhI valaNa sAthe aDIkhama divAla jevA banI gayA. koine kaMipaNu muzImata Ave ke pUjyazrInI salAha levAtI jethI pUjyazrI jinazAsananA berIsTara tarIke janasaMghamAM prakhyAta banI gayA. te pramANe pUjyazrIe bharuca sAdharmikavAtsalya kesa, kAsAra parakhaDI kesa, naDIyAda, kaDI, magaravADA, pAvApurI,

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 45 zikharajI, luNAvADA, amadAvAda AdinA aneka "jaina-jainetara'nA paNa bhAratIya saMskRtine ghAta karanAra ke dharma sthAno para niyaMtraNa karanAra aneka kesamAM javalaMta vijaya meLavI pUjyazrIe potAne saMskRti prema javalaMta rIte darzAvyo rAjasthAna ekaTa, kezariyAjI tIrthane kabaje sameta zikharajI tIrthanI mAlikI harijana maMdira praveza Adi moTA kesomAM paNa adbhuta vijaya meLavyo. pUjyazrI jaina saMghamAM paNa kALabaLe pravezelI avyavasthA tathA zramaNasaMdhamAM Avela vyavasthA taMtranI nabaLAIne dUra karavA mATe jAta-jAtanA aneka bhagIratha prayatna karI zramaNa saMghanI chApa AkhA jana saMgha para kAyama rahe tevA mahatvanA kAryo karatA ja rahyA che. vi. saM. 1990nA saMmelanamAM dIkSA paryAya nAne chatAM mahatvabharI kAryavAhImAM pUjyazrI AgaLa rahyA hatA. te rIte vi. saM. 2007mAM pAlItANA-sidadhakSetramAM pUjya AcArya vijaya valabhasUrIzvarajI ma.nI nizrAmAM aneka AcAryo ane dareka samudAyanA padastha; muniene bhegA karI zamaNusaMgha saMmelana nAnA rUpamAM paMjAbI dharmazALAmAM karI te vakhatanA TrasTa ekaTarakezarIyAjI tIrtha Adi aMge zamaNusaMghanA Adeza jAhera karAvela. te pramANe vi. saM. 2013 nA comAsAmAM DelAnA upAzraye sAta kSetra AdinA vahIvaTa saMbaMdhI zamaNusaMghane ekatrita karI sarvamAnya eka nirNaya jAhera karAvela. vi. saM. 2014nuM bhAvi cage niSphaLa gayela muni saMmelanane ubhuM karavAnA kAryamAM pUjyazrIne ghaNe phALo hato. AvA zAsana-saMgha ane bhAratIya saMskRtinA astitva TakAvavA pAchaLa jIvanano sarvasva bhaMga ApI hajI 74 varSanI ativRddha vaye paNa divasa-rAta zAsanADanusArI pravRttinI ja gaDamathala karanAra A mahAna puNya pratApI saMskRtinA tirdhara mahApuruSa dIrghakALa jamI zAsana ane bhAratanI anerI zobhA vadhAre che. maMgala kAmanA... yugadA AcArya pravara zrImad vijayamasarIzvarajI vaDhavANa zahera vardhamAnapurI kahevAya che. saM. 1960nA zrAvaNa vadI 1 nA roja mAtAjI chabala bAe eka putra ratnane janma Apyo. pitA hIrAcaMdabhAI dharmaniSTha ane sevA priya hatA. putranAM lakSaNa pAraNIe" e ukti pramANe mAtAe hAlaraDAmAM dharmA bhAvanAthI putra bhAIcaMdane halarAvyuM hatuM. bhAIcaMda. bhAInA moTAbhAInuM nAma dhIrajalAla hatuM. nAnAbhAInuM nAma vRjalAla Aje vidyamAna che bhAIcaMdabhAIne pAThazALAmAM dharmanA bodhapATha maLyA. gujarAtI abhyAsa pUrNa karyA pachI amadAvAdanI suprasiddha saMsthA zrI. cI. na. vidyA virATamAM dAkhala thayA. bhAIcaMdabhAInI buddhi prabhA tejasvI ane dharma saMskAra paNa UMcA. mAtA chabalabAnI aMtaranI IcchA potAnA lAlane dharma parAyaNa jevAnI hatI. tethI to vAraMvAra Atma kalyANasAdhavA preraNA ApatA rahetA. seLavarSanI tarUNa uMmare pu. gurUdeva AcArya pravara zrI vijaya mohana sUrIzvarajI pAse saM. 1976nA mahA sudI 11nAM roja mahesANA najIkanAM sAMgaNapuramAM dIkSA lIdhI. teozrInAM mukhya ziSya munizrI pratApa vijayajI (hAla AcArya)nA ziSya munizrI dharmavijayajI (dharmane vijaya karavA) tarIke jAhera karavAmAM AvyA. mAtAnA AnaMdano pAra nahoto. chabalabAe pote paNa 1980mAM bhAgavatI dIkSA lIdhI. sAvInA kuzaLa zrIjI tarIke saMyamanI suMdara sAdhanA karI. 1997mAM siddhagIrInI zItaLa chAyAmAM samAdhipUrvaka kALadharma pAmyA. pU. munizro dharma vijayajI mahArAja tejasvI buddhiprabhA, vinayazIlatA ane akhaMDa parIzramathI zAstrAbhyAsa mAM pAraMgata thayA. pU. zAsana samrATanA paTTAlaMkAra A. zrI. vijayadayasUrijI tathA AgamodhAraka pU. zrI AnaMdasAgara sUrijInA samAgamathI uccatara zAstronuM avagAhana karyuM. A abhyAsa mATe amadAvAdamAM 6 mAIla jeTalo vihAra karI haMmezA pU. A. zrI. sAgarAnaMda sUrIjI yazarAja pAse jatA hatA. saM. 1992mAM pAlItANAmAM Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 AcAryazrI e gaNuM ane panyAsa padavIthI vibhUSIta karyA. saM. cAramAM zAsana samrATa pU. A. zrI vijayanemisUrIjIe hajAronI mAnava medanInI hAjarImAM upAdhyAya padathI vibhUSIta karyA. muMbaImAM upadhAna tapathI mALAropaNanA maMgala avasare muMbaInA saMdhanI vinaMtIthI bhAyakhalAmAM saM. 2007nAM piSavadI 5 nAM divase 50 hajAranI mAnavamedanI vacce dhAmadhUmapUrvaka gurUdevazrI vijaya pratApa sUrIjIe temane AcArya padavIthI vibhUSIta karyA hatA. teozrI jyArathI muMbaI padhAryA tyArathI upadhAna tapanI vizALa ArAdhanAo nAnAmoTA bhavya ujavaNAM sAdharmika bhakti phaMDa tema ja cembura, dahIMsara ane ghATakopara jevA sthAnamAM bhavya AlIzAna tIrtha dhAma samA deva maMdire vividha pratiSThAo lAlabAganI suMdara dharmazALA, bhojanazALA, kalInIka A teozrInI preraNAnA pratika che. sAhitya nirmANa ane prakAzana mATe paNa eTalI ja jhaMkhanA seve che. teozrIe lakhela bhagavatIsUtranA pravacane navatatva prakaraNa upara sumaMgalA TIkA vaLI lachukSetra samAsa, paMcama karma graMtha, praznottara mohanamALA, zrAddha pratikramaNa sutra vagere aneka graMthonuM saMpAdana karI potAnI prauDhatvadvattAno paricaya karAvyo che. saMyama ane sAdhanA tapazcaryA ane paThana pAThana jaina saMgha ane madhyama varganA bhAI bahenanA samutkarSa mATenI jhaMkhanA ane kamapega tathA jJAnayoganA dhAraka sAdhu samAjanA jatirdhara ane yuga daSTA juga juga jIvo. (jana saMskRti kalA kendranA saujanyathI) paMjAba kesarI, yugadA, AcAryazrI vijayavallabhAsUrizvarajInA paTTaprAvaka zAntasUti AcAryazrI samudrasurizvarajI saM. 1948nA mAgazara suda 11 mInA ekAdazInA maMgaLa divase rAjasthAnanA pAlInagaramAM mAtAjI dhArIdevInI kukSe sukharAjajIno janma thayo. pitAzrI osavAla kula bhuSaNa zrI zobhAcaMdajI nAgacA mahetA gotrItha dharmaniSTha ane sevApriya hatA. zrI sukharAjajI mAtApitAnA lADakA paNa nAnapaNathI AcArya bhagavaMtonA sudhA bharyA pravacano sAMbhaLI yuvAna saM. 1967nA suratamAM tyAgadharmanI dIkSA lIdhI ane muni samudravijaya banyA. gurU upAdhyAya sahana vijayajI krAMtikArI vicAranA paMjAba mAM AtmAnaMda jaina mahAsabhAnA prANapreraka ane paMjAba kesarI yugadraSTA pUjya AcArya zrI vijayavahelabha surizvarajInA aMtevAsI hatA. 2009mAM thANAnagaramAM 60 hajAranI jagI mAnavamedanI ane zrI cunurvidha zrI saMdha samakSa paMjAba kesarI yuga dRSTA pU. gurUdeva AcArya bhagavaMta 1008 zrImad vijayavallabha surizvarajI mahArAja sAhebe teozrIne " AcArya" padavIthI vibhUSita karI potAnI pATa para sthApanA karatAM pharamAvyuM ke "paMjAbako saMbhAvanA " ane A vacana zirodhArya karI pU. gurUdevanA svargavAsa sahita rAjasthAnamAM upakAra karI cha-sAta varSa paMjAbamAM visaryA ane pU. gurudevano haryobharyo karyo. ane pU. gurUdevanA preraka saMdeza vAhaka temaja samAja kalyANanA prANapreraka banyA che. eka vakhata saradAra pratApasiMhajI kerenI sarakAre hukama karyo ke vidyArthIone baLavAna banAvavA dareka vidyAthIne bapore nAstAmAM be be IMDA ApavA. A jANI teozrIne duHkha thayuM ane rathAne sthAne gaNivara zrI janaka vijayajI ma. Adine sAthe rAkhIne jabarajasta virodha karyo ane karAvyo. ane chevaTe saphaLatA maLI. sarakAre pitAne hukama pAcho kheMcI lIdhe. 2020mAM hoMzIyArapuramAM comAsuM karyuM tyAre sthAnakavAsI jaina samAja zrI saMdha taraphathI saMcAlita paMcakulA jaina gurUkuLanI najIkamAM sarakAre jabarajasta kasAIbAnuM bolavAnuM nakakI karyuM. A vAta gurUkuLanA ryakartAoe karI tyAre sarakAre sAme virodha karI sarakArano nirNaya baMdha rakhAvyo ane kasAIkhAnuM thatuM baMdha thayuM. ghaNAene mAMsa, dArU, parastrI gamana Adi kuvyasanane tyAga karAvyo che. ane mAtA-putra sAsu-vahu Adi kauTuMbIka jhaga Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 47 DAemAM sapa karAvyeA che. ghaNA garIkha adhuone tathA vidyAthI one sahAya apAvI che ane apAvI rahyA che. aMjanazalAkA, pratiSTA upadhAna navIna madira navA upAzraya agni kArya paNa teozrInA saupadezathI thayA che. te te varSothI zuddhakhAdInA vastro dhAraNa kare che ane sAdAi, saumyatA ane namratAnA saMgAthI che. rAjasthAnamAMthI zatruMjaya, zaMkhezvara pArzvanAthanI yAtrA karI lAkagurU samayajJa, samAja kalyANadAtA, AcArya pravara AcArya zrI vijaya. vallabha sUrizvarajInA zatAbdi utsava muMbaI nagaramAM ujavavA munima`DaLamAM sAthe padhAryA ane teezrInI nizrAmAM sukhaIe apUrva bhavya ane zAnadAra rIte zatAbdi utsava ujavyeA zatAbdi samAreAhanA racanAtmaka kArya tarIke ucca kATInA vidyAthI enI sahAyatA mATe khAra-tera lAkhanuM phaMDa paNu thayu, madhyamavarganA utkarSa ane rAhata mATe " mahAvIranagara "nI yAjanAne amalI svarUpa ApavA 82 varSoMnI jaIpha uMmare pratijJA laIne samAjanA ghaDavaiyAe ane dAnavIrAne jAgrata karI dIdhA che. 2027tu cAmAsu punA zaheramAM karI zatAbdi pUrNAhuti mahAtsava dhAmadhUmathI ujavI zatAbdi smAraka tarIke " AcAryAM vijayavallabha hAIskUla "nA nirmANa mATe preraNA ApI punAnA saMdhamAM jAgRti lAvyA ane phaLarUpe rUA. aDhI lAkhanuM phaMDa karAvyuM ane 70000 phuTa jagyA paNa kharIdAvI lIdhI che. makAna mATe cAra pAMca lAkha rUpiyAnuM phaMDa karavAnuM che. je teozrInI preraNAthI jarUrane jarUra thaI jaze. IMdoranA cAturmAsamAM aikayatA ane saMgaThThananI bherI khAvI kheDelImAM gurudevanI pratimAnI pratiSThA karAvI. vaDodarAmAM gurudevanI sva`vAsa tathA janma jayaMti ujavI. sAdhvI saMmelanamAM preraNAtmaka udbedhana kayuM. vAvRddha anuyAgAcAya 5. zrInemavijayajInA svarga vAsa nimite temane bhAvabharI zraddhAjalI apI ane gurudevanI janma bhUmimAM hAspITalanuM khAtamUhuta karAvI vihAra karyAM vaDAdarA zrI sathe bhavya vidyAtha ApI. (zrI umedamala hajArImalanA saujanyathI) paramAra kSatrIyanA sauthI prathama AcArya pravara zrI indradinasUrI sAlapurA gAmanAM bhAizrI mAhanabhAI dhaniSTa sAmacaMdabhAInI preraNAthI jainadhama mAM joDAyA, jaina pAThazALAmAM paMca pratikramaNa cAra prakaraNa ane traNa bhASya zikhyA. dvIkSAnI bhAvanA jAgI ane sa', 1998 nA phAgaNa suda 5 nA ThAThamAThapUrvaka dIkSA lIdhI. tenuM nAma muni iMdravijayajI rAkhavAmAM AvyuM. mahendra jana paMcAganA praNetA vikAsacaMdra sUrIzvarajInA ziSya jAhera karavAmAM AvyA. sa. 2005 mAM AcAryazrI vijayavallabha sUrIzvarajInI sevAmAM AnaMda mAnyA. ahIM vyAkaraNa; kAvya; sAhitya, nyAya vigerenA abhyAsa karI taiyAra thayA. AcArya zrI vijaya samudra sUrIzvarajI pAse yeAgeAhana karyAM. sa. 2011 mAM phAgaNa vada 3 nA surata vaDA cauTA upAzrayamAM temane gaNIpada padavI ApavAmAM AvI. gurudevanI AjJAthI vatanamAM AvyA. aneka bhAIene vyasana mukta karI jainadharmImAM joDayA. A kAmAM ghaNAM kaSTa veThyA. jADA juvAranA roTalAthI calAvyuM. Aje te vIseka hajAra paramAra kSatrIe jainadhama pAlana karI rahyA che. sAdhusamAjanA jAtira jevA vAvRddha zAntimUrti sevAmAM bhekha dhArI munizrI jInabhadravijayajI mahArAja kheDelImAM paramAra kSatrIonAM samuddhAra mATe vRddhAvasthA hovA chatAM jIvanabhara besI gayA. kheDelI mahAtI khanI paramAra kSatrIya jaina prathama tyAgI gaNI zrI iMdravijayajI mahArAja paNa temanI sAthe sevAmAM besI gayA. gaNIvarya zrI IndravijayajI paMcAsarA pArzvanAthanI pratiSThA mATe pATaNa gayelA. muni puMgava jInabhadra vijayajIe gaNIva ne kheADelI AsapAsa pracAra karavA lAgyA. gayu'. muni

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-re paMjAkha kezarI AcAya zrI vijayavallabha sUrIzvarajInA zatAbdI mahAtsava prasa`ge AcAya zrI vijaya samudra sUrIzvarajI sAthe zrI zatruMjya gIrIrAja tathA za'khezvara pArzvanAthanI yAtrA karI, muMbaI AvyA. bhAyakhalAmAM cAturmAsa karyuM". zatAbdi mahAtsavamAM utsAhapUrvaka bhAga lIdheA. mu'baine AMgaNe zAbdi mahotsava yAdagAra banI gayA. varalInA nUtanamaMdiranI pratiSThA samaye AcAryazrIe temane AcAya padavIthI vibhUSita karyA. saM. 2027 nuM cAturmAsa vaDodarAmAM karI kheDelI tIrthasthAnamAM sunipu'gava zrI jInabhadravijayajInAM kAryane vega ApavA kheDelI doDI gayA. AcArya zrI IndradInasUrInA rAjasthAna zubhAnA tapasvI bhAInI dIkSA, mukhaI lAlabAgamAM thaI. A prathama ziSya munizrI AMkAra vijayajI mahAna tapasvI nikaLyA. mIjA ziSya muni amRtavijayajI, trIjA avicala vijayajI, ceAthA ratnAkara vijayajI, khAlamuni jagatacadra vijayajI, munizrI gautavijayajI muni ratnaprabha vijayajI, munizrI virendravijayajI, munizrI hariSeNu vijayajI tathA munizrI mahendra vijayajI AcAryazrInI sAthe sayama yAtrA, adhyayana, tapayA karIne jIvana sArthaka karI rahyA che. 48 2029 nuM cAturmAsa zivapurImAM karyuM. zAntisthAma-aThThAI mahotsava ujavAyA. ahI zrImad vijayahIrasUrI, zAstra vizArada, zrImad-vijayadhama sUrI, yugavIra AcAya zrI vijayavallabha sUrInI jaya'tie pUNyatithie dhAmadhUmathI ujavI--temanI preraNAthI aneka bhAvukAe vardhamAna tapanI oLI zarU karI. zivapurImAM 4 bhAvikAne dIkSA ApavAmAM AvI. muni vinayaratna vijayajI, muni vidyutaratna vijayajI, muni vinAdya vijayajI, muni vicakSaNa vijayajI. guruvaya AcArya zrI vijayasamudra sUrIjInI AjJAthI dharma prabhAvanA karatAM karatAM AgrA thai dilhI tarapha (zrI meAtIcaMdra jIvaNacaMda jhaverInA saujanyazrI ) jaI rahyA che. cAgIzvara gurudeva AcAryazrI vijaya zAMti sUrIzvarajInI jIvana prabhA. mahAtmA tItha vijayajInA sacaiAgathI dIkSAnA bhAva jAgyA. sa. 1961 mahA sudi paMcamInA divase rAmazIna gAmamAM khUba dhUmadhAmathI sagatAjIne dIkSA ApavAmAM AvI gurue temanu nAma zAMti vijyajI rAkhyuM. pachI te zAMtinI kheAjamAM nIkaLI paDayAM. grAmAnu grAma vihAra karI janatAne sad upadeza ApavA lAgyA. piMDavADAthI eka mAIla dUra ajArI gAmanI pAse mArkaDa RSinA AzramanI pAse sarasvatI devInu prAcIna maMdira che. tyAM padhAryA ahIM mauna sAdhanA karI devIne prasanna karyA sa, 1973mAM odhapura pAse suDhDhAnA pahADa para cAmuMDA devInuM maMdira che. ahI prativaSa meLA jAme che. ane jIva hi'sA pApa che. ApaNA karuNA sAgara gurudeve potAnA sudhA bharyA upadezeAthI e hIMsA khaMdha karAvI, mAunTa Abu para jAnavAnI eka IspItAla paNa kheAlAvI, cApanerI gAmamAM jInAlayanI pratiSThA karAvI. zoya ane khalidAnanI bhUmi rAjasthAnanA maNAdara gAmamAM AjathI 85 varSa pahelAM eka Ahira kuTuMbamAM eka dipaka pragaTacA, 1945nA vasata 'camInA pavitra divase mAtA vasudevIe putra ratnane janma ApyA. pitA tAlAjInA AnaMdanA pAra nahAtA. phAI tejasvI devapuruSa ceAgabhraSTa AtmA peAtAne AMgaNe bhUvA paDayo che. ane kalpanA nahotI ke A Ahira bALaka eka mahAna ceAgIzvara ane vizva kalyANa dAtA banaze bALaka cadranI kaLAnI jema vRddhi pAmavA lAgyA. bALaka sagate jIteA ATha varSanI nAnI uMmare DhAra cAratAM cAratAM dhyAna magna khanI jatA. vairAgyanI lagana lAgI gaI, kezarIyAjI tIrthAMnA jhagaDAnA samAdhAna mATe gurudeve trIsa upavAsa karyAM. mahArANA bheApAlasihajI prabhAvita thayA ane mahArANAe pAraNA karAvyA. sa. 1991nA vaizAkha mAsamAM Ape visalapura gAmamAM pratiSThA karAvI. zrI saMghe Apane 'yugapradhAna' pada arpita karyuM". Akhu Apatu sAdhanA dhAma hatu. jaMgalamAM ghaNIvAra guphAmAM sAdhanA kruratA ane tyAM siMha vAgha Adi temanI pAse zAMtithI besI rahetA. sa', 1999mAM Apa acalagaDha khIrAjatA :

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samRti saMdarbha graMtha hatA. Apane aMtima samaya jANIne gurudeva dhyAnastha dazAmAM lIna thaI gayA. Aso vadI 10nA reja Ape bhautika zarIrano tyAga karyo. hajAro bhaktone AMsubharI AMkhoe nirAzrita choDI amara amara thaI gayA. dAdAguru zrI dharma vijayajInI samAdhinI bAjumAM mAMDalImAM Apano agni saMskAra karavAmAM AvyuM. guru bhakatae ane khAsa karIne zeThazrI kizanacaMda lekharAje mAMDalImAM bhavya samAdhi maMdira banAvyuM. temAM dedipyamAna jaLahaLatI jayota samIkalAtmaka pratimAnI pratiSThA karavAmAM AvI. gurubhakato gurudevanI smRtimAM dara varSe mAMDalI darzanArthe jAya che. gurudeva gurubhakata para AzIrvAdanuM amRta varasAvI rahyA che. ApaNuM devAMzI saMtanI stavana kuMjamAM gurudevanA ghaNA bhakatoe bhakitabharyA bhajano racyAM che. temAM khAsa karIne sva. zrI. kIMkaradAsanA bhajanono amara khajAne che. kiMkaradAsamAM Avo kAvyanAda gurudevanI ArAdhanA upAsanA tathA AzIrvAdathI jA hato. udayapura nivAsI eca. esa. boraDIA vakIla sAhitya bhUSaNe aMgrejI kAvyamAM bhavya zraddhAMjalI vyakata karI che. prakhara viduSI zrI hIrAkuMvarabahena nyAyavyAkaraNa-vedAnta, zAMkhya tIrtha (kalakattA) e saMskRtamAM gurudevanI stuti karI che. vyAkhyAna divAkara zrI nAnacaMdajI svAmI, ANaMda ThAkora sAheba zrI jayavaMtasiMhajI, viduSI sAdhavI zrI valabhazrIjI, sAdavI jJAnazrIjI, sAdI rAjendrazrIjI vagere e bhavya zraddhAMjalio ApI che. zAsanastaMbha-zAsanakaTakodvAraka pU. AcAryadeva zrI haMsasAgara surIzvarajI mahArAja lekhaka :- pU. 9. zrI dazanasAgarajI ma. mu. nAgora (rAjasthAna) caramatIrthapati prabhuzrI mahAvIra devanAM trikAlAbAdhita zAsanamAM tArkikaziromaNi. pU. A. deva zrI malavAdisUrijI ma; 144 graMthapraNetA pU. A zrI haribhadrasUrijI ma; navAMgIvRttikAra pU. A. zrI akSayadevasUrijIma; vAdemataliMka pU. A. zrI devasUrijIma; kalikAlasarvajJa pU. A. zrI hemacaMdrasUrijIma tapagacchanAyaka pU. A. zrI jaganacaMdrasUrijIma; kriokAraka pU. A. zrI AnaMdavimalasUrijIma; akabara bAdazAha pratibodhaka pU. A. zrI hIrasUrijI ma. "pravacanaparIkSA" Adi graMthasatyApaka pU. A. zrI vijayasenasUrijI ma. sarvajJazataka' mahAgraMthAde pramANe kAraka-mahAtamA biruda dhAraka pU A. zrI vijayadevasUrijIma; ugratapasvI pU. maha. zrI vidyAsAgaragaNi, zAsanadhastaMbha pU. mahAmahe. zrI dharma sAgarajIgaNi, maha. zrI padma sAgarajIgaNi Adi zAsana saMrakSaka ane evA zAsanamahArathIo bhUtakALamAM thaI gayA che. ke, je vaMdanIya mahApue, te te kAle bahulakamiMtAnA udaye zAsananI akhaMDitatA ane suMdaratAne pitAnA durAgraho tathA kumatAha khAtara chinnabhinna karI kukA-virU5 banAvavA temaja potAnA malIna theyene jinazAsanamAM prasAravAmathatA uthApako-nihAvo-kamatavAdIo-cayavAsIo-bauddho Adine pitAnI apUrvavAdalabdhithI, apUrva pratibhAbaLathI, apUrva devIzaktithI rAjasabhA AdimAM paNa khulaMkhulA sthAna ApIne vAde karIne tene matamataMtavAdIone sarvathA niruttarIya banAvI devA pUrvaka jinazAsananI jayapatAkA higaMtavyApanI banAvI devAnuM Aje paNa te te mahAvibhUti puruSonA itihAsa ApaNane bA pokAra jaNAvI rahyA che. ' yya AcArya devazrIno janma vikrama saMvata 1954nA kArtikavadi 6 semavAre kumArage kuMbhalagna ThalI A gAme zeThazrI dIpacaMda jerAjabhAInA gRha thayela, mAtAzrInuM nAma ujamabAI hatuM, teozrInuM zubhanAma hakIcaMdabhAI hatuM. che. pUrva pramodathI bAlyavayathI ja dhama prati rUci suvizeSa hatI. pU. mAtA-pitAzrIno anukrame svargavAsa thatAM kuTuMbano | sarva kArabhAra pitAnI tathA vaDilabaMdhu motIcaMdabhAI upara AvatAM teone nhA rIvayamAM dhaMdhAthe muMbaI javAnuM thayuM. | muMbaImAM dhaMdhAnI sAthe haMmezAM prabhupUjA-pratikamaNu-sAmAyika-pauSada-vata-niyama-tapa-ja 5 Adi dharmakomAM ja dina pratidina AgaLa vadhatA cAlyA. kama dharmosamAjamAM jatAM teoe agrasthAna prApta karyuM. navapadajInI oLInuM Jain Education Intenational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 ArAdhana karavA pUvaka rAsa vAMcatAM seMkaDonI medanI upasthita thatI. dhArmika abhyAsa ane vAMcanamAM dhIre dhIre khUba pragati sAdhI. te tyAM sudhI ke-dharmanA koIpaNa kAryo AvI paDatAM te dhadhAnA bhAge paNa temAM AgaLa paDatuM bhAga bhajavatA ! vi.saM. 1976mAM lagnagraMthIthI javuM paDela! teone be putra ane eka putrIratna hatuM. vi. saM. 1985 mAM "dIkSA aMgIkAra na karAya tyAM sudhI cha vigaya ne tyAga karela temaja bharayuvAnImAM sajoDe caturthata aMgIkAra karI lIdhuM !! teozrIe 8-10-11-15-16-21 upavAsa-vardhamAna tapanI oLIo Adi aneka tapasyAo karela. vi. saM. 1985 mAM teozrIe muMbaIthI ThalIo AvI zrIsaMghane ekatrita karIne nUtana jinamaMdira baMdhAvavAne zubha nirNaya karAvyo. pitAne cha vigaya tyAga hovA chatAM yathA zakti bhAga levAnI bhAvanAe zrI jinamaMdira aMgenA pattharo kaDhAvavA mATe "kATakaDA gAmanA jaMgalamAMnI patharanI khANomAM ATha-ATha divasa rahIne patthara kaDhAvI gAmamAM pahoMcatA karyA bAda saM. 1986 mAM khAtamuhUrta ane zilA sthApana karAvI pAyA mathALa sudhI lAvI teozrI cAritra aMgIkAra karavAnI bhAvanAe muMbaI gayA. | muMbaI AvI vi.saM. 1987 kArtika vadi 6 ravivAre sva. pU. A.zrI dAnasUrijI ma.nA varada haste dhAmadhUmapUrvaka 20 hajAranI mAnavamedanInA halAsa vacce cAritra aMgIkAra karI pU. A. zrI caMdrasAgarasUrIzvarajI (te vakhate munizrI caMdrasAgarajI) ma.nA ziSya tarIke munizrI haMsasAgarajInA zubhanAme prasiddha thayA. teozrInI sAthe te vakhate ja bIjA cAra bhAgyazALIoe paNa dIkSA aMgIkAra karela. dIkSA bAda lagabhaga 1 varSa sudhI sva. pU. A. zrI vijayadAnasUrijI ma.nI sAthe rahyA bAda teozrInI sAthe vihAra karI surata padhAratA pUjyazrI, svasamudAyanI sAthe thaI gayA. dIkSA bAda pUjyazrIe kuMka samayamAM dharmazAstronuM tathA AganuM suMdara jJAnasaMpAdana karela, ane te eTale sudhInuM sUkSmatAe pahoMceluM ke-zAstrakAranA hArdane talaspazItayA vyakta karI zakatA hatA ! zAsanamAM koIpaNa garabaDa ubhI kaI karatuM to teozrInuM AtmakhamIra uchaLatuM ane prANanA bhegeya te garabaDo zAMta karavA pUrvaka zAsananuM rakSaNa karatA hatA. pUjyazrIe piMDaniryukti graMthano anuvAda, zrAddhapratikramaNa sUtra tathA tavataraMgiNI graMthane anutrAda, phumatAhiviSa jAMgulImaMtratimirataraNi-sAnuvAda, prAcIna arvAcIna ItihAsanI samIkSA Adi sAhityanuM navanirmANa karela che, aneka samAdhAnagraMtha banAvyA che. aneka saMsthAo taraphathI prasiddha thaelA graMthonuM saMpAdana karela che temaja kAvyaracanAkSetre stavana covIzI-caityavaMdava covIzI Adi bhAvavAhinI kRtionI racanA karela che. Ama Agama-zAstra itihAsa kAvyacarcA Adi vividha kSetromAM teozrIe aMgAdhapratibhAbaLe sarvAgIvikAsa sAdhelo ApaNane daSTigoghara thAya che. pU. AcAryadevazrIe aneka gAmomAM zrI jinamaMdironA nirmANa karAvyA che. seMkaDo pratimAjIno praveza tathA pratiSThA karAvI che. potAnA putra-putra-patnI-bhatrIjA-bhatrIjIo Adione pravajyA ApIne zAsanane suprata karyA che, jeonA zubhanAme anukrame-paM.zrI narendrasAgarajIgaNi, sAdevIjIzrI vidyAzrIjI, sAdhvIjI zrI aMjanAzrIjI, pU. pravartAka munizrI munIsAgarajI ma., sAdhvIjIzrI zIlavatA zrIjI ane sAdhvIjIzrI vimalayazAzrIjI che. temaja aneka bhAI-bahenone deza-videza vicarIne mahAmahotsava pUrvaka dIkSA tathA vaDIdIkSAo Apela che. pU. caritranAyakazrInI A zAsanasevAone anulakSIne dhyAnasthasvagata pU. Agamo-dvA2ka AcAryadeveza zrI AnaMdasAgara sUrIzvarajI ma.nI AdezAnusAra ga2chAdhipati pU.A.bha.zrI mANikyasAgara sUrIzvarajImazrIe karela pharamAna mujaba zrI caturvidha saMghanI vizAla sabhAmAM pU0 caritranAyakazrIne suratanA janasaMghe "zAsanakaMTakarAraka" padavI arpaNanI bulaMda cheSaNa karI ane jAhera patromAM paNa pragaTa karavA pUrvaka pAlItANu AvI zrI saMghane te jAherAtathI vAkepha karI suratanA AgevAnoe padavIsamAraMbha ujavAvanuM nakkI karyuM. AthI harSitathaela pAlItANA zrI saMghe sva0 vace.vRddha cAritrapAtra pU. munizrI amarasi.ma.nA haste 2007nA mahAvadi 5 dine "zAsanakaTakodvAraka" padavIthI vibhUSita karela. Jain Education Intemational

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| smRti saMdarbha graMtha saM. 2014mAM rAjanagara mukAme zeThazrI kezavalAla lallubhAI jhaverInA zubhaprayAsathI tithinirNaya aMge 4000 sAdhuenu zramaNasaMmelana thayela. temAM navA matI AcArya, temanA matamAM sadaMtara juThA hovAnuM temaja te matane keIpaNa zAstrane ke AcaraNane Teko nahi hovAnuM deDI pITIne jAhera karela A zramaNa saMmelanamAM je zAsanapakSa, vijayI banyo ane saMmelana saphala thayuM te pU0 caritranAyakazrInI kuzAgrabuddhine ja AbhArI hatuM. saM. 2015nI sAlamAM pU. gacchAdhipatizrInI AjJAthI pU. AcArya zrI caMdrasAgarasUrijI mahArAje cANasamA mukAme mahAvadi 13 guruvAre gaNipadA Apela. zrI aSTAdikAmahotsava karela. saM. 2022mAM pAlItANAmAM pU. gacchanAyaka A.ma. zrI mANikapasAgarasUrIzvarajImahArAje mahAvAdi zanivAranA zubhadine pU. caritranAyakazrI Adi traNa pUjane upAdhyAyapadathI vibhUSita karela. pU. upAdhyAya pravarazrI haMsasAgarajI ma. zrIne chellA traNa varSathI hATaDIsIjhanuM darda hovA chatAMya pU. mahopAdhyAyazrIe zAsanasaMrakSaNanI tamannA ane tanmayatAne laIne dehanI suzraSAne mahatva bahu nahi ApatAM rAhata pUratuM auSonuM sevana rAkhela. A traNa varSamAM rAjakoTanA siddhahasta lekhaka vidyarAja mohanalAla cunIlAla dhAmIe temaja temanA suputra vaidyaratna saurIndrakumArabhAI e kiMmatI ane uMcI mAtrAo padaranI vAparIne khaDepage pUjyazrInI sevA karela paraMtu satata pari. zramanA kAraNe saM. 2029nA talAjAtIrthanA aMtima cAturmAsamAM joradAra hallo Avela! zrI caturvidha saMghanA prabala puNyodaye AyuSyabalI pU. upAdhyAyazrI Do. sAparI A, Do. paTavArI, Do. mahezabhAI, De. vinodarAya Adi bAhoza DokaTaronI satata kALajIbharI TrITamenTathI temAMthI bacI gayA! ane yogya auSadhopacArothI tabiata dhIredhIre sudhArA upara AvavA lAgI. talAjA tathA mahuvA zrI saMghanA AgevAne cAturmAsabhara pU. upAdhyAyazrInI sevAmAM khaDe page rahelA. pUjyazrInI tabiata sudhArAnI AnaMdamaya paristhitimAM vadhu vRddhi thAya te cAturmAsa bAda talAjAnA AMgaNe anupama prasaMga banyo ! ane te-pUjyazrInI AcArya padavIno ! te evI rIte ke-suratathI pU. gacchAdhipatinI AjJA laIne AgevAna AvelA zrAvakoe talAjA saMghanA AgevAnone pUjyazrInI hAmeja ekatrita karI jaNAvyuM ke-"tana mananA bhege jeoe AjIvana zAsananI sevA karI ane zAsananI sAmAcArInuM suvizuddha rakSaNa karela che te pUjaya upAdhyAyazrIne mAgazara suda 2 nA suprabhAte AcArya pade sthApavAnI pU. gacchAdhipatinI joradAra AjJA che." AgevAnanI A vAta sAMbhaLatAM ja jemano AnaMdasAgara hIloLe cahela che te talAjA zrI jainasaMghe, padavI aMgenI nirIhatAvALA pUjyazrInI AnAkAnI upara ke anirachA upara jarAya dhyAna dIdhA sivAya jaya bolAvI te AjJAne mastake caDAvela! ane RSimaMDala mahApUjana pUrvakanA abrAhnikAmamahotsava sAthe dhAmadhUmathI benDanA saradApUrvaka hajAronI medanI vacce pU. gacchAdhipatinA sUrimaMtramaMtrita vAsakSepathI padavIronA hAthe pUjyazrIne AcArya padathI alaMkRta karela. tabiata dinapratidina sudharatI joIne Dokae DoLImAM vihAra karavAnI chUTa ApatAM pU. AcArya devazrI phAgagumAsamAM ThalI A zrI jinamaMdiranI bhamatInA tathA gatavarSe ja potAnI dekharekhataLe rUA. eka lAkhanA kharce taiyAra karAvelA bhavya zAsanakaMTako dvArA jJAnamaMdira tathA tathA jJAnavilAsanA avaziSTa rahelA kAryonI pUrNAhuti arthe pitAnI janmabhUmimAM padhAryA. AcArya padArUDha thayA bAda prathama ja pUnita pagalAM janmabhUmimAM thatAM hoI ThavI A zrI janasaMdhano ullAsa avarNanIya hato ane sAmayuM abhUtapUrva hatuM. ahiM padhAryA bAda te avaziSTa kAryonI zarUAta karAvela. ane AcAryadevazrI pote jJAnamaMdiramAM padhArI salAhasUcana paNa ApatA ! ahIMnI eka mAsanI sthiratA daramIyAna pU.A. devazrInI tabiyata najare nIhALanArane nakhamAMya roga hovAnI saMbhAvanA thAya nahi evI pUrNa svasthatAmaya sthitimAM AcAryadevazrI hatA ! tevAmAM chellAM 5-6 divasathI hArTanA zvAsanI upAdhi zarU thaI! sujANa DokaTara paNa bhAvinA bhUlAvyA bhUlamAM paDayA! satata upAye cAlu karavA chatAM zvAsano vyAdhi vadhato cAlyo tema tema pU. AcAryadevazrI paNa AtmadhyAnamAM vadhu dattacitta banyA. catra zudi 13nI te A gaMbhIra vyAdhimAM paNa sahunI sAthe svasthatA vAto karato ane pUrNa saprAthimAM jhIlato pU.AcAryadeveza Jain Education Intemational

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pare eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 zrIne AtmA, rAtrinA 3-8 mInITe A kSaNabhaMgura ane nazvaradehano tyAga karI svarge sidhAvyo ! bhAratabharanA jainasaMghee mahAna jyotirdhara gumAvyo ! zAsanane saphala sukAnI ane baheza sahasIdhI vIroddho gumAvyo !! zAsanapakSano tAja kRdeve jhuMTavI lIdho ! hA deva !!! bhAratabharanA zrI saMgha jemanA kAryo ane nAmane sArI rIte jANe che te paramazAsana-prabhAvaka-zAsanaprasaMbhasiddhahastalekhaka-devasUrasAmAcArI saMrakSaka-zAsanakaTakekAraka pU.AcArya bhagavaMta zrI haMsasAgarasUrIzvarajI ma.nA Ama acAnaka ja svajanmabhUmimAM mahAvIra janmakalyANanA pavitra divase rAtrinA 3-8mInITe svargavAsa thayAnA samAcAra tAra-TelIphona AdithI maLatAM hiMdabharanA jainasaMghAe bhAre AMcako anubhavela! zekanI cherI chAyA prasarI gayela! TapoTapa dukAno baMdha karI aneka gAmonI zrIsaMghoe pAkhIo pALI ! gAyane ghAsa nakhAya! gAmo gAma aThThAImahatya-pUjAo bhaNAI temaja zokasabhAo bharI aMjalIo apAI! ane zAsana pakSanA AcArya Adi prAyaH dareka padAe AdhAtajanaka samAcAra maLatAM devavaMdano karI guNAnuvAda karyA hatA !! pU. AsanakaTake ddhAraka sUripuraMdarazrInA vistRta javanavRttAMtathI sumAhitagAra thavA mATe zAsanakaTake ddhAraka saMsthA taraphathI najIkanA bhaviSyamAM bahAra paDanAra "zAsanakaMTake ddhAraka smRtigraMtha' avazya vasAvaze. pU. zAsanastaMbha AcAryadevezazrInA nAmane temaja temanA zAsanarakSAnA kAryone amara banAvavA mATe svajanmabhUmimAM taiyAra thaI rahelA samAdhimaMdira tathA saMgemaramaranA zipakalAyukta gurumaMDiranA navanirmANamAM temane upakAra jhIlelA zrIsaMghe tathA ananya bhakto umaMga ane ullAsathI chUTe hAthe hajArone sadvyaya karI rahyA che. vAcaka birAdare ! jarUra eka vakhata te tArakavibhUti mahApuruSanA samAdhimaMdira-gurumaMdira ane jJAnamaMdiranA darzana karI pAvana thavAne anupama lAbha uThAvaje. koTi koTi vaMdana ho e vizvanI mahAvibhUtine !! koTi koTi vaMdana ho e zAsananA ajoDa saMrakSaka siddhapuruSane !! AgAme ddhAraka jainAcArya dhyAnastha svargata zrI AnaMda sAgara surIzvarajI mahArAja jaina saMghamAM "sAgarajI mahArAjanA TUMkA nAmathI AbAlavRddha sahunA haiyAmAM sthAna pAmelA, ekale hAthe prabala niSThA, bhagIratha puruSArtha dvArA hastalikhita bhaMDAronI samayabaLe thayela duvyavasthA, yationA prabala zimilAcAranA pariNAme sAdhusaMghanI thayela chinna-bhinna avasthA, prabala jJAnopArjananI viziSTa sagavaDane abhAva Adi kAraNathI jJAna-dhyAna svAdhyAyamAM to ThIka paNa cAlu vyAkhyAnAdimAM paNa AgAme vAMcI zakavA asamartha banela vIzamI sadInA pUrvArdhanA prathama caraNuvatI sAdhu bhagavaMtane AgamonA paThana-pAThana AdinA sabaLa sAdhane vyavasthitate mudrita Agame, sAmudAyika vAcanAo, AgamanA talasparzI aneka vyA khyAne, ane chevaTa zikhara upara kaLaza caDAvavA samAna Arasa ane tAMbAnA patarA upara cirasthAyI banAvavAnA daSTikoNathI AganI karAvela kotaraNI AdithI svataH dharmapremI janatA taraphathI guNasaMpana apAyela Agama dvArakanA netA nAmathI prasiddhi pAmela mahApuruSane Tuka paricaya apAya che. vi. saM. 1931 aSADa vada 0))nA roja kapaDavaMja (kheDA)nA zeThazrI bhAIcaMda maganalAlanAM supatnI suzrAvikA zrI jamanAbenanI phakSithI vRSabhanA mahAravagnathI sUcita A puNyavAnane janma thayela. temanuM saMsArInAma hemacaMdabhAI hatuM. temanA moTAbhAInuM nAma maNilAla hatuM. pUrvajanmanA viziSTa saMskAranA baLe temaja vi. saM. 1945mAM moTAbhAInI dIkSAnA prasaMge vadhu vairAgya vAsita banI vi. saM. 1947mAM mahA suda 5 nA zubha divase lIMbaDImAM te vakhatanA mahA-prabhAvaka, samartha vAda vijetA, Jain Education Intemational Jain Education Interational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 53 AgamamamajJa pU. muni zrI acera sAgarajI mahArAja pAse lIMbaDI lAhAnukamAM dIkSA grahaNa karI. pU. guruvayanA vi. sa. 1948nA mArga, suda 11nA divase lIbaDImAM svavAsa thaI gayA. tyArabAda ekabe hAthe baha-niSThAnA sumeLathI ekalA chatAM saMyama-jJAnAbhyAsa zAsana prabhAvanAnA 5the khUbaja advitIya saphaLatA meLavI vi. saM. 1960nA jeTha suda 10nA rAja paMnyAsa padavI ane 1974nA vai, su. 10nA divase suratamAM AcAya padavIthI sRSita banyA. te e ekale hAthe zAsana prati daDha mAtra ane sAtvika jozanA AdhAre zrI sameta zikharajI, aMtarIkSajI tI. zrI kezarIyAjI tI. zrI siddhagiri tItha Adi tIthI uparanAM Avela khAkramagrAne pIratA-kunehabaLe saphaLa pa kara karyAM teja rIte zAstranI gahanatama sUkSma vArtAnI pAragAmitAnA khale sthAnakavAsIe bhIkhamapa'thIe, sudhArAvAdIe devadravyanA-bALa dIkSAnA virAdhIo, pattithinI kSa-vRddhinA ArAdhanamAM vivAda karanArAo vagere vagere vipakSI radhara vidvAna sAme zAsranI akATaya vItrAnA baLe jhajhamI zAsananA vijayadhvaja gagana para zate kahezavela pAttAnI jIMdagI daramyAna badhA bhAgamAM prasakApIthI mAMDI dareka nAnI-moTI javAbadArI adA karavA sAthe sarvAMga zuddha, suMdara chapAvavA uparAMta bIjA pazu saMskRta-prAkRta tAtvika auSadezika thA-caritradhA. sAmAcArI prathA, sAdhu bhAgya ane te rIte 175nI vizALa saMkhyAmAM sapAdita karI prakAzita karAvyA. temaja 80 graMthA upara prauDhavidvada bhAgya zailIvALI nAnI mATI prastAvanA saMskRta prAkRta bhASAmAM lakhI tathA vividha viSayAnA spA, jJAttvika-mAmi kIlimAM Agama, tatvajJAna, siddhAMta prakaraNa, ceAga, vividha praznottara, carcAspada-vivAdAspada, praznA zrAdine lagatA graMthAnu navasarjana sa`skRta-prAkRta-gujarAtI-hiMdI bhASAmAM karela che. teozrIe viziSTa kArya tarIke tIrthaMkarAnI mULavANInA sagrasamA AgameAne sarvAMDaLa zuddha chapAvI vi. sa. 1971thI 1977 daramyAna pATaNa, amadAvAda, kapaDava'ja, surata, pAlItANA ane ratalAma (mALavA)mAM seMkaDo sAdhu-sAdhvIone AgamavAcanA sAmudAyika jAheramAM ApI AgamasaMbaMdhI paThana-pAThanAdinI kALamaLe DhIlI thayela vyavasthAne majabUta karI. vaLI teozrInA jIvananuM mahA bhagIratha, viziSTa kArya zrI siddhakSetra-pAItANAmAM girirAjanI taLeTImAM bhavya viSemAna jevu kapa mAgamanI grupa derI sameta vizALa caumukha zAzvata jinanA mukhya maMdira sAme zrI vardhamAna jaina bhAgama madira' nAme deva vimAna jevA vizAla maMdiramAM pradakSiNAmAM dIvAlo upara ArasanI suMdara takatI jINu banatI kAgaLa tADapatranI pratAnA bharAme AgamAnI thatI hAnIne aTakAvavA pADAnI cAkkasAI ane kSepa-prakSepa kAi na karI zake te AzayathI zrI devagiNI kSamA zramaNa bhagavane je rIte AAmAne pustakAraDha karAvI karALa duSkALanA paMjAthI naSTa thatu. Agama kheMcAvyuM tema pu. AgamAdhArakazrIe arasapara zilAtkIya karAvavA rUpe mAgamAne cira jIvacirasthAyI banAvyAM. A rIte suratamAM traN mALanA viziSTha vizALa zrI mahAvIra prabhunA makhya jinAlayanI bhItAmAM nAsapatra para badhAM AgamAM kotarAvIne cAvatcandra divAkarI sudhI Agama sAhitya surakSita banAvyu. pU. mAgamA dvArakInA jInanA mahatvanAM A kAryothI pU. AganAhAraka zrI jana saghanA pratyeka ArAdhaka mumukSu byAtmAnA hatha siMhAsana para DAlapaNuM virAjamAna thayA che. A uparAMta pU. AgamonArakazrI bhagavate zAsana para AvI paDanArA kara mA maLyAne khALavA-rAkathA mATe koInI paNa apekSA rAkhyA vinA mukta zAsanarAga ne apUva dhairya sAhasabadhe nanatoDa prathanA karela jenI kIrti gAthA Aje paNa guyAna aneka sutra puruSonA mukhe jIvatta che. pU. bhAgamahArakazrIe jIvanabhara akhaMDa zAsana, anurAga, zrutabhakti sAthe zAsana dharmAMnA vividha aMgeAne puSTa karavAnI sAthe TyUnamAM paNa viziSTa tattvone vaNI lIdhA hatA. AvA mahAmahima zAlI pU. AgamAddhAraka AcAryazrI vi.sa. 1999 nI kapaDavaMja (janmabhUmi )mAM jayaMta meTala vakavALA zeTha cImanalAlabhAI taraphathI bhavya zAsana prabhAvanA pUrvakanI thayela vizAla janasakhyAvALI zrI siddhacakra zAzcata navapadajInI bhAthIjInI virATa ArAdhanA karAvyA pachI cAturmAMsAthe muMbaI goDIjI jaina upAzrayanI mahamarI vinatithI muMbaI tarapha padhAratA te vakhate nAnA-moTA rastAnA dareka gAma abhUtapUrva praveza mAsavA tu dareka gAmavALAne ajJAta sUcana na maLyuM hoya ke have pU. AgamAMhArakazrI pAchA padhAravAnA nathI tethI ati dIdha joDa zAsana prabhAvanA sAthe thayela. mubaI cAturmAsa karI pAchA vaLatAM surata tabIyatanA kAraNu ane pu AcArya devI upara AvArI gayela sustana jhaverI bhaktonA bAgaDhathI sthiratA thaI. jemAM pUnpazrInI bhAvanA pramANe tAmra patra upara 45 AgamAM kAtarAvIne deva vimAna jevuM traNa mALanuM mATu' jinAlaya 9 mahinAnA TuMkA gALAmAM * banAvI pUjjInA nAce vi. 204nA mahA su. 3 pratiSThA karAvI suratIoe pUjyazrInI IcchA pUrNa karI potAnI

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54 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 zaru bhakitano apUrva paricaya Apela. bAda pUjayazrInI tabiyata gesanA humalAthI avAranavAra lathaDatI cAlI chatAM navA graMthonuM sarjana sAdhuone vAcanA graMthanuM saMzodhana Adi jarA ThIka tabIyata thayethI cAlu rahetuM. chevaTe vi.saM. 2006nA che. su. 5 nA roja pUjayazrIne koNa jANe kema pUrvasUcanA thaI hoya tema pitAnA saghaLA sAdhuo ane mukhya zrAvakane bolAvI kahyuM ke zarIrane have huM mArA taraphathI vosirAvI dauM chuM. chevaTe vaizAkha va. 5 sAMje 4-32 miniTe che. chellI ghaDIe eTale 4-30 sudhI navakAra gaNavAnI paddhati AMgaLInA veDhA para cAlu rahI. chellI be miniTa eka DacakuM khAI pAchaLa TekA para mAthuM DhaLI paDayuM. ane paramocakeTine AmAM zarIranA baMdhanathI mukta banI sadagatine pathika banI gayo. tyArabAda suratIoe khUbaja anokhI rIte bhavya ThAThapUrvaka samazAna yAtrA senerI jarIyAna pAlakhImAM pUjyazrInA zarIrane birAjamAna karI Agama maMdira sAme Aja sudhImAM nahi banela. chatAM kalekaTarano hukama lAvI gAma vacce kAjIne medAnamAM agni saMskAra caMdananA kASTha ane ghIthI karyo. teja jagyAe TuMka samayamAM bhavya-gurumaMdira bAMdhI vi.saM. 2007 mahAvada 5 tenI pratiSThA paNa karAvI. rAdhanatIrthoddhAraka sva. pujya A. zrI candrasAgara surIzvarajI mahArAja A mahApuruSa jana. saMghamAM zrIvarNamAna tapa ane zrI navapadajInI ArAdhanA nA aDaga pracAraka tarIke prasiddha hatA. pUjayazrIno janma amadAvAda dozIvADAnI pioLamAM kuvAvALA khAMcAmAM zeThazrI je ziMgabhAI paTavAnA ghera suzrAvikA zrI pradhAna bahenanI kUkhe vi. siM. 1950 kA. su. 11 nA maMgaLa dine thaela, cImanabhAI temanuM nAma hatuM. dhArmika abhyAsa teoe nAnapaNathI ja khUba sAro karela. pU. sva. A. zrI. vijaya nIti sUrIzvarajI ma. nA nikaTa paricayamAM AvI teozrI dharmakriyA mAM khU ba tatvajJa ArAdhaka tarIke niSThAvAna banela. cogyavase temanA lagna phalIbahena sAthe mAtA-pitAnA AgrahathI thaela. te vakhatanA lokamAnasane mAna ApI teozrI muMbaImAM zeTha zrI nagInadAsa karamacaMdanI peDhImAM dharma sAthe arthopArjananA praznane hala karavA joDAela. te vakhate caDhatI juvAnImAM pUjyazrI vadhyamAna tapanI oLIonI saLaMga ArAdhanA ane vItarAga prabhunI aSTaprakArI pUjA vyAkhyAnazravaNa, sAMje pratikramaNa, parvatithie pauSadha vagere goDIjI jaina derAsaramAM aneka ArAdhaka puNyAtmAo sAthe karatA. gADImAM sAmAyikapratikramaNa pauSadha AdinI sAmuhika ArAdhanA thatI temAM saunA dharma nehathI lADIlA dharmanetA tarIke pUjayazrI hatA. pUjyazrInI dekharekha ane dharmanehabharI doravaNI nIce sahu anupama AnaMdathI dharmakriyAo karatA. AvA ArAdhako te vakhate 80 thI 90 hatA. badhAnI maMDalI dhArmika rIte khUba suMdara kAryo karatI. te sahunA AgevAna pUjya zrI hatAM. pUjayazrIe mahenata karI muMbaImAM te vakhate zrI vardhamAna tapa AMbilakhAtAnI sthApanA kuMbhAra TukaDAmAM bhADAnA makAnamAM karela. jAta mahenata. jAta dekharekha sAthe aneka puNyAtmAone vadhyamAna A bilanA tapamAM AgaLa vadhAratA; muMbaI jevI mahamayInagarImAM bIjI paNa aneka pravRttiomAM keTalAya lokone joDavAnuM kAma pUjyazrI karatA hatA. prayathI pU. AgamAdhAraka AcArya devazrInA tAtvika vyAkhyAnothI khUba prabhAvita thayA ane tAvika vairAgyanI bhUmikAe pUjyazrI sthira thaI saMsAranA kIcaDathI nIkaLavA mathAmaNa karavA lAgyA. pUjyazrInA supatnI suzrAvikA phUlI bahenanI prabaLa mahadazA ane temanI dhAMdhalIyA ugravRttinA kAraNe dharmamAge joDanAra khAsa upakArI pU. A. zrI vijayanItisUrIzvarajI ma. paNa dIkSA ApavA taiyAra na hatA; bIjI paNa ghaNI jagyAe pUjyazrIe mahenata karI paraMtu! "jhI nadI vATa ' nI jema sAce vairAgya prabala banI pUjaya zrI pU. AgadhAraka AcAryadevazrInI hUMpha maLI ane saMka9pamAM daDhatA AvI, goDIjImAM dharmakriyAe AvanArA 80 jaNAmAM badhAne ema ja thaela ke pUjyazrI dIkSA le tema nathI chatAM pUjyazrIe eka vakhate joradAra " saMyama raMga lAgyA. " stavana devavaMdanamAM lalakArI adhAne saMyama tarapha vALavA mATe abhigraha ApavA mAMDayo. badhAe chaTakavA mATe "tame le te ame laIe na te cha vigaya tyAga'. ema badhAne saMyama ja baLAnA paMthe javA mATe majabUta karI lIdhA. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 55 pUjyazrIe siddhahema vyAkaraNa upara khUbaja prabhutva meLavela ane siddhahema zabdAnuzAsananI buDaddhatine aneka - tADapatrIya prato Adi sAthe meLavI zuddhapATha sAthe mUlamAtra chapAvI ane AnaMdAdhinI nAme suMdara vidrogya TIkA lakhI vidvAnomAM paNa agragaNya sthAna meLavyuM. pUjyazrInI pratibhA, vANI zakti, paDachaMda kAyA mahArI megha je gaMbhIra bulaMda avAja sAthe tyAga-tapa-saMyamanuM ojasvI baLa saMghamAM aneka dharmakAryonI paraMparA vadhAranAra - banyuM. pUjyazrInA upadezathI mAlavAmAM ujananI je puNya bhUmimAM vIsamA tIrthaMkara zrI munisuvrata svAminA zAsana kALamAM zrIpAla mahArAjA ane mayaNAsuMdarIa navapadajInI cirasmaraNIya ArAdhanA karela te sthAne sAva jINuM verAna khaMDera jevuM thaI gaela tene AmUlacUla uddhAra karAvI zrI siddhacakArAdhana tIrthanI punaH sthApanA sthApI. bhavya dharmazALA, A bela khAtuM, jJAnamaMdira, bhojanazALA; upAzraya AdinA nirmANa sAthe zrIpAla-mAyaNa suMdarInI navapada ArAdhanAnI bhUmi sAthe saMlagna prAcIna 6-7 daherAsarane jIrNoddhAra zrI kezarIyAjInI dehapramANa teja varNanI navI pratimA bharAvI tenI sthApanA karI; je pratimA samakSa zrIpAla mahArAjA ane mayaNA suMdarIe ArAdhanA karela te pratimAjI hAla pUlevAmAM kezarIyAjI tarIke prakhyAta che e lokokitane ciraMjIva banAvI. AkhA ujajaina jana saMghane paNa dhArmika dRSTie jINoddhAra thayo. mALavAmAM paNa aneka gAmomAM jainadharma--zAsananI jhAMkhI banelI chAyAne tejasvI banAvI. pUjyazrI pAlItANAmAM pU. Agama ddhAraka AcAryadeva zrInA varada haste vi.saM. 1998 mAM gaNI pada tathA paMnyAbaLadavI apAvela ane AcAryapadavI vi.saM. 2007nA mahAsuda 13 nA maMgaLadine pU. gacchAdvipati - AcAryadevazrI mANikaya sAgara, sUrIzvarajInA varada haste surata gopIpurAmAM mahatvapUrvaka apAela pUjyazrI vadhyamAna AMbilatapanI navakAranA aDasaTha akSara pramANa 68 oLI karela zrI navapadajInI eLI 114 karela pU. a. Agama dvArakazrInA vyAkhyAnonA pracAra-pracAra mATe "siddhacakra" mAsikanuM saMpAdana vi.saM. 1986thI 1989 tathA vi.saM. 2003thI 2018 sudhI karela. A sivAya DhagalAbaMdha grantha saMpAdita karyA navA paNa ghaNA lakhyA che. pUjyazrIne svargavAsa vi.saM. 2019 phAgaNa vadI 6 dine suratamAM samAdhipUrvaka thayo. pUjyazrInA ziSya praziSyomAMthI hAla 45 thI 50 ziSya praziSyo vicarI rahyA che. zrI mahendra jaina paMcAMganA praNetA AcAryazrI vikAsacaMdra surIzvarajI rAdhanapuramAM dharmaniSTa zrI kezarIcaMda jasarAjane tyAM 1955nA bhAdaravA suda 11nA roja mAtA pArvatInI kakSAe putra ratnane janma thayo. phaIbAe bhegIlAla -nAma rAkhyuM. bhAI bhegIlAlane be bahene jekerabahena ane zakarIbahena tathA eka bhAI maNIlAla hatA. 1965mAM pitA svarge sidhAvyA, bhAI bhegIlAlane pitAnA avasAnathI saMsAranI asAratA lAgavA mAMDI. 1966mAM pU munirAja zrI valabhavijayajI (AcArya) rAdhanapura padhAryA. temanA sudhA bharyA vyAkhyAne sAMbhaLI bhegIbhAIne tyAga mAganI bhAvanA jAgI, paNa kuTuMbanI javAbadArI mATe ciMtita rahevA lAgyA. vaDodarA kalA bhuvanamAM sIvIla ejInIyara thayA. 1970mAM mAtAjInI vInavaNIthI maNIbahena sAthe temanA lagna thayAM. sirohI rAjyamAM ane pAlaNapuramAM suparavAIjharanuM kAma karyuM ane yaza maLyo. 1973mAM patnIne svargavAsa thayo. daMpatIjIvana roLAI gayuM. muMbai kAma mATe gayA. tyAM pu. A cArya zrI vijayavalalabhasUrijInA vyAkhyAnathI AkarSAyA. 1981mAM mAtAjI paNa svarge sIdhAvyAM. tyAga bhAvanA dRDha thai. 1982nA jeTha suda 3nA bIlImAM pu. AcAryazrInA maMgala raste dIkSA thaI. temanuM nAma vikAsa vijayajI rAkhavAmAM AvyuM. jayapuranI vedazALA ane yaMtrarAja joIne gaNita ne jotiSano abhyAsa karyo. 1935mAM gurudevanA AzIrvAdathI prathama mahendra jana paMcAga zaru karyuM, 35 varSathI te mATe Avirata kArya karatA rahyA. mahendra jana paMcAgano rajatajayaMtI mahotsavazrI mAna zeThazrI kasturabhAInA pramukhasthAne amadAvAdamAM ujavAyo. temane abhinaMdana patra Apa-vAmAM AvyuM. vidvAne temane A advitIya kAryanI bhUri bhUri prazaMsA karI. temane amadAvAdamAM AcArya padavI ApavAmAM AvI 2023mAM sAdaDImAM 73 varSanI uMmare teo kALadharma pAmyA. Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 coga sAdhaka AcArya zrI zAnti vimalasarIzvarajI jodhapura rAjyamAM jesalamera gAmanA jamInadAra mAladevajI ane teDAnA suzIla patnI yamunAdevIno samaya dhamadhAna japatapa AdimAM temaja lakSmIno sadupayoga dAnanAM jharaNAM vahevaDAvavAmAM thato hato temane be putro ane eka putrI hatAM. pUtrInuM nAma dharmAdevI ane putramAM moTAnuM nAma umAzaMkara ane nAnAnuM nAma khemacaMda hatuM. saM. 1980nA mahA suda 10nA roja khemacaMda ane cunIlAlane samArohapUrvaka yati dIkSA ApI khemacaMdanuM nAma kSamA vijayajI ane cunIlAlanuM nAma caMdravijayajI rAkhyuM. yati zrI kSamA vijayajIe aneka tIrthonI yAtrAo karI, sAro anubhava meLavyo. AnaMda pUrvaka gAdIne zobhAvavA lAgyA. paNa vairAgyanI bhAvanA uDe uDe ghaNI hatI. gAdI. saMpatti ne jAgIra hovA chatAM Atma kalyANa tarapha vizeSa kheMcANa rahetuM hatuM. gurUdeva panyAsa zrI hiMmata vimaLAjInA darzana thatAM dIkSAnI bhAvanA jAgI. gurudeve yati dharmanI jAhojalAlI ane sAdhudharmanA AkarA evA AcAra viSe temane samajAvyA. paNa yativarya kSamA vijayajI dIkSAne mATe utsuka hatA. tethI gAdI, saMpatti e badhAno tyAga karIne, saM 1983nA jeTha suda trIja ne gurUvAranA - roja, gurUdeva zrI hiMmata vimaLajI pAse saMvegI dIkSA lIdhI. temanuM nAma zAtivimaLa rAkhavAmAM AvyuM. gurUdeva maharSI zrI vimalANI, tapobhUti, tathA tIrtha yAtrAnA premI hatA. tetara to aThThAInI tapazcaryA karI hatI. jagyAe pIstAlIsa Agama, cauda pUrva tathA akSayavidhi vigere to karAvI, hajAro bhAI bahenane tapamAM joDayA hatA. panyAsa zrI zAnti vimaLa gurUdevanA prANapyArA ziSya gurudevanI sevA suzraSAmAM, rAta divasa lIna rahetA. ane AnaMda mAnatA hatA. gurudevanI bhAvanA, pitAnA pyArA ziSyane AcArya padavI ApavAnI bhAvanA, ghaNA vakhatathI hatI. teozrIne 2020nA mahA sudI bIjanA upariyALA tIrthamAM meTA mAnava samudAyanI hAjarImAM AcAryazrInI padavI ApI. A prasaMge aThThAI mahotsava, siddha caka pUjana, akAtari snAtra ane traNa naukArazI Adina kAryakama thayo hato.' AcAryazrI zAnti vimaLasarIe gurudevane pagale, dharma prabhAvanAnA ajavALAM karyA che. teo yoganiSTa ane sAdhaka che. gurudevanA nAmane amara karavAne mATe, siddhakSetra pAlItANAmAM valabha vihAranI bAjumAM, hiMmata vihAranuM sarjana karyuM che. temAM jInAlaya, upAzraya, jJAna maMdira, ane dharmazALA mATe rUmanI yojanA karI che. ane gurudevanuM sAcuM samAraka hiMmata vihAra banI raheze. pU. munizrI siddhasena vijyajI mahArAjazrI bhAratamAM dharma ane AdhyAtmikatAnI pagadaMDIne vadhu ujajavabha banAvavAmAM munivaryonA tyAga tapazcaryA ane sAdhanAnuM dhImuM meTuM pradAna raheluM che. rAjapuranA vatanI ane hAla muMbaI meTrIka sudhIne abhyAsa karI nAnI umarathIja dharmabhAvanAnA raMge raMgAyA pU. kamaLAbena tathA amRtalAla choTAlAla zAha muni amivijayajInI preraNAthI temanI bhAvanAone baLa maLyuM. pAlItANAmAM 2023mAM zatruMjayavihAra dharmazALAmAM vaDI dIkSA lIdhI pU. AcAryadeva vijaya dharmadhuraMdhara surizvarajInA ziSya tarIke kesarIyAnagaramAM birAje che. pAMca pratikamaNa, sAdhukriyAnA sutre, cAra prakaraNa artha sahita, traNa karmagraMtha artha sahita, saMskRta be buka hemaladhu prakriyA, radhuvaMza mahAkAvyA vigere. dhArmika vAMcanano jabaro zekha che. Jain Education Intemational

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vividha kSetranI vyakitao mANekajI dhanajI bIpInabhAI bI, dhIrajalAla ema. zAha caMdrakAnta DI. zAha, ratilAla sI. hiMmatalAla ema. pemAsTara, auThArI, trivedI porabaMdara muMbaI muMbaI muMbaI mu baddha muMbaI raNachoDa vRjalAla pArekha, jayaMtilAla vI.pArekha, vRjalAla harajIvanadAsa zeTha muMbaI muvA muMbaI bhUpatarAya sI. zAha, araviMdabhAI buca, himatalAla ena. zAha, zeThazrI musAhAjI ramaNIkalAla dalAla, kRSNakAMta ena. mahetA, amadAvAda muMbaI - amadAvAda bhAvanagara muMbaI gopAladAsa ela.paTela, harisiMha cAvaDA, nAthAlAla ena. zAha, jeThAbhAI esa. paTela pAlanapura valasADa himatanagara Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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"Even a single lamp dispels the deepest darkness." - Mahatma Gandhi.. Gram : SPAREATOZ phone : 255062 253 95 LET EACH ONE OF US PLEDGE HIMSELF TO LIGHT AT LEAST ONE TINY LAMP TO DIS? EL THE DARKNESS OF IGNORANGE. A TO Z SPARES (India) Tamarind House, Ground Floor, 30, Tamarind lone, BOMBAY 400 001 Jain Education Intemational

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Office : 322942 PHONE 328629 Resi : 471860 Gram : IRONBEAM GOVT. APPROVED CONTROLLED STOCKISTS FOR IRON & STEEL **************************** **************************** SHAH TRA DER CHHABILDAS A. SHAH CARNAC BUNDER, IRON MARKET, BOMBAY - 9. Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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vividha kSetranI vyakitao muLajIbhAI vI. jAMgalA uttamalAla ema. jAMgalA, mathuradAsa pArekha, rasIkalAla pArekha, muMbaI muMbaI muMbaI muMbaI devacaMda chaganalAla, hIrAlAla ela. zAha vRjalAla bhagavAnadAsa, kalyANajIbhAI kIyAlAla kANakIyA, bhAvanagara DuMgara muMbaI nipANIvALA muMbaI zrI IndulAla bhuvA, sUrajarAma bacakAnIvAlA, eca. je. zAha, cImanabhAI DI. desAI muMbaI muMbaI vallabha vidyAnagara surata esa. e. kAdarI, eca. pI. bhutA, phulacaMda ela. rA, raNachoDa pI. trivedI bhAvanagara - muMbaI muMbaI muMbaI Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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1 vividha kSetranI vyakita sva. zivajIbApA (gaDhaDAvALA) muMbai mumatiyaka zAka ba saralAbahena zAha muMbai sva. khImacaMdabhAI pAreA ratilAla ema. mahetA mevAnabhAI bI. kAra sva.manamohanadAsa kAbukIyA muMbaI bhAvanagara bhAvanagara muMbaI bhurAbhAi khoDIdAsa nAMdalAla mI, mAmA AyAbhAI paTela kAmezvara che. sa (sAbarakAMThA) pAlItANA surata muMba maNIbhAI che. brahmabhaTTa manubhAI bI. zAha vAsudeva vi. pAThaka caMdrakAMta eca. joSI amadAvAda amadAvAda amadAvAda rAjakoTa

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vividha kSetranI vyakti zrI kAntibhAI kapAsI. Do. karakAntabhAI trivedI, praviNacaMdra vI. kapAsI, ena. TI. mahetA. lAyana-mAvata mahetA muMbai muMbai muMbAI mubhA muMbaI zrI eca. ke. zAha, zrI pAnAcaMda manoradAsa ramaNIkalAla manoradAsa yazavaMta sI. dAdabhAvAlA jeThAbhAi vaLIyA muMbaI (muMbai) muMbai bhAvanagara. muMbai zrI muLajIbhAi bhaTTa caMdulAla mahetA zrI ke. sI. mahetA zrI purNAzaMkara vI sAmpurA zrI naitilAla bI. Thakkara muMbaI mundranagara pAlanapura thAna bhAvanagara jamanAbena jAMgalA vikuMvarabena pArekha puSpAvatI uttamalAla haMsAbena zAMtilAla jaMkubena jagajIvana gAMdhI mu gurjAro muna muMba (muMbai)

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zrI vI. esa. cokasI (muMbai) zrI ke. je. jozI (madrAsa) vividhakSetranI vyaktie zrI kezavalAla manasukhalAla (muMbai) ka Vo Ad zrI khImajI hemarAja cheDA (mu ba) zrI bhogIlAla maganalAla zAha (bhAvanagara) zrI nadalAla rUpacaMda zAha (mu MbaI) vadmod zrI lIlAvatI jayaMtilAla zrI jayaMtilAla amRtalAla zrI chabIladAsa amRtalAla (mu bada) (muMbai) (mukha) ( muMbaimAM beTAdanA A kuTuMbanuM dAnadhama ne kSetre sArU evuM pradAna rahyuM che. ) ia tu 12 U

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For all your Requirements & Inquiries Regarding Specefications, Marities and Please Always Contact : ABDEALI & CO. TO GET IRON & STEEL AT COMPETITIVE PRICES WITH BEST SERVICES Sizes Iron-Steel STEEL IS OUR BUSINESS ABDEALI & COMPANY A-> STANDS FOR BEST QUALITY YA J. J. & SONS Govt. Registered Stock Holder For IRON-STEEL 40 Carnac Siding Rd. Carnac Bunder, Bombay-9. Tel. : 328726 325338 Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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vividha kSetranI vyaktio zrI vI. esa. cAkasI (mu baI) zrI khImajI hemarAja cheDA (mu baI) : zrI bhogIlAla maganalAla zAha (bhAvanagara) zrI ke. je zI (madrAsa) zrI kezavalAla manasukhalAla (muMbaI) zrI naMdalAla rUpacaMda zAha (muMbaI) zrI lIlAvatI jayaMtilAla zrI jayaMtilAla amRtalAla zrI cha{.ladAsa amRtalAla (muM '1') (muMbaImAM bATAdanA A kuTuMbanuM dAnadhamane kSetre sArU evuM pradAna rahyuM che. ) Jain Education Intemational ation Intemational

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For all your Requirements & Inquiries Regarding Specefications, Marities and Sizes Picase Always Contact : ABDEALI & CO. TO GET IRON & STEEL AT COMPETITIVE PRICES WITH BEST SERVICES 112 Iron-Steel STEEL IS OUR BUSINESS ABDEALI & COMPANY A-D STANDS FOR BEST QUALITY -A J.J. & SONS Govt. Registered Stock Holder For IRON-STEEL 40 Carnac Siding Rd. Carnac Bunder, Bombay-9. Tel. : 328726 325338 Jain Education Intemational

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Office : 322942 PHONE 328629 Resi : 471860 Gram : IRONBEAM GOVT. APPROVED CONTROLLED STOCKISTS FOR IRON & STEEL **************************** SHAH TRADERS CHHABILDAS A. SHAH > CARNAC BUNDER, IRON MARKET, BOMBAY-9. SIE ZA Jain Education Intemational

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"Even a single lamp dispels the deepest darkness. " Mahatma Gandhi. A TO Z SPARES (India) Tamarind House, Ground Floor, 30, Tamarind lone, BOMBAY 400 001 LET EACH ONE OF US PLEDGE HIMSELF TO LIGHT AT LEAST ONE TINY LAMP TO DISPEL THE DARKNESS OF IGNORANGE. Gram: SPAREATOZ phone: 255062 253336

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JE BI Fichie sva. zrI trIbhovanadAsa meAnadAsa bhU tA (rAjUlAvALA) (bhAvanagara ane muMbaImAM jemanI vyApArI peDhIe cAle che. )

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dhI bhAvanagara vejITebala proDakaTasa lI. nI prakhyAta banAvaTa kiraNa 33rapa phonaH 33ra6 33ra7 rIphAInDa zIMgatela prabhAta vanaspati dhI bhAvanagara vejITebala proDakaTasa lI. baMdararoDa, bhAvanagara. Jain Education Intemational

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/ S 146) al 6 IN Hungry Millions Sage Durwas and his disciples came to Pandawa's Jungle abode late one night. They were hungry. Tradition demanded, hunger of guests be satisfied. Draupadi did not have a grain of food in the house, She fervently prayed Lord Krishna to rescue her from such a.predicament. Answering her prayers, Lord Krishna helped her to feed the guests sumptuously. place only by prayers. It has to be backed by hard efforts. Key to feed hungry millions is, to increase National Wealth by Import Substitution and Self-Reliance. Our products like Rubber Blankets, Suction Press Rollers, Mercury Cells and Evaset Rubber Sleeves are manufactured for the first time in India and have stopped imports. If you are using any imported rubber products, call us, we will manufacture them for you in India with extreme care and precision. Anything can happen in mythology. But today, in India a miracle of feeding hungry millions cannot take a LATHIA RUBBER Manufacturing Co. Pvt. Ltd. FOR HONEST AND EFFICIENT SERVICE SAKI NAKA, KURLA-ANDHERI ROAD, BOMBAY-72. GRAMS: "UCANRELY" PHONE: 551925, 551926 TELEX : 011-2430 Apex-Kadam 71 LR-S Jain Education Intemational

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With Best Compliments From : For Efficient Handling, Quick Despatch and Early Clearance of your Cargo IMPORT or EXPORT At Saurashtra Ports CONTACT M/s. H. K. Dave Clearing, Forwarding & Shipping Agents and Transport Contractors Head Office: KHARGATE, BHAVNAGAR. 2331 Phone: 3786 Talegram HEMPYARN BRANCH OFFICES NEW KANDLA: DEZ-S 158A, Gandhidham Tel: 2154 NAVLAKHI Government Clearing Agents, Navlakhi Tel: 29-30 MAGDALLA: 4F, Resham Bhuvan, Lal Darwaja Surat Tel: 24525 VERAVAL 59, Commercial Building, Veraval Tel: 192 & 414 BARODA : 505 Yashkamal' Tilak Road Baroda Telegram: ALL PLACES 'HEMPYARN'

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GSFG GUJARAT STATE FINANCIAL CORPORATION gives you. Loans for setting up or developing your industry . Loans are advanced at subsidised rate which varies between 5 to 7% for industries to be set up in backward districts. These are industrially backward areas: Banaskantha, Sabarkantha, Mehsana, Panchmahals,Broach, Surendranagar, Amreli, Junagadh, Bhavnagar, Kutch and Union Territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli * Subsidised rate of 6% for loans upto Rs.15,000 to Small Scale Industries Underwrites of Shares. Liberal margin upto 15% is stipulated Guarantees deferred Payment on machineries purchased from India. GSFC makes all out efforts to help you. PLEASE CONTACT: GUJARAT STATE FINANCIAL CORPORATION JALDARSHAN' BLDG. ASHRAM ROAD. P.B NO. 4030. AHMEDABAD-9 FINANCY Navnit-2 AHMED ABAD Jain Education Intemational

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Shah Narottamdas Vithaldas & Sons Phone No. 331-403 Phone No. 330 Billimora Nagardas Narottamdas & Sons. G. & F. Agent, The Tata Oil Mills Co. Ltd; Rice Mills. Phone No. 403 Bulsar. Marchant & Commission Agent OUR ASSOCIATED FIRMS: Dhanbhura Road. BULSAR M/s. Narottamdas & Sons. Stockist: Tata's 'Chic Pic' Poultry & "Raksh Cattle Feed" Phone No. 403 Bulsar. Shree Bharat Oil Mills. Phone No. 311-Bulsar. Renown Plastics. Udyognagar, Udhana, M/s. Narottamdas & Co. Dist: India Tobacco Co. Ltd Phone No. 403 Bulsar. Sanjay Agencies. Stockist The Tata Oil Mills Co. Ltd. Dhanbhura Road, Bulsar. Phone No. 403-331 Bulsar. Bloom-N-Dale Chemical Corporation. Udyognagar Gundlav, Bulsar.

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CALICO INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERS CHAKALA WORKS, ANDHERI, BOMBAY-69 ENGINEERS OF MERIT Manufacturers of TEXTILE WET PROCESSING MACHINERY (1) Open width and/or rope form Continuous, & Seml-continuous Bleaching Plant including Flash Bleach' range. (2) Continuous Dyeing plant. (3) Thermosol Dyeing plant. (4) Chainless Cloth Merceriser. (5) High efficiency open width washing & soaping m/c. (6) Automatic & semi Automatic Dye Jiggers. (7) Eduard Kusters Aqua Roll mangles & Squeezing nips. (8) Curing or Polymerising Machine. (9) Hot fluc drier, Cylinder drying & Float air drier. (10) All types of pneumatic pressure mangles for Dyeing. Finishing & Sizing. (11) High speed Singeing Machine. (12) Bleachers washing Machine. Phone : 574381-82-83 Grams : WET PROCESS Andheri-Bombay-58 Jain Education Intemational

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With Best Compliments From Gram : WEL COME Phone Office & Resi 325 Shah Khimchand Muljibhai & Co. Merchant & Commission Agent Chhipwad- BALSAR (Gujarat) Term - Jain Education Intemational

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THE NUDE GODDESS OR "SHAMELESS WOMAN" IN WESTERN ASIA, INDIA, AND SOUTH-EASTERN ASIA* -H. D. SANKALIA nude, ude, or semi-nude female figures are not new to India. The question here is the introduction of certain specific types into Indian art and iconography, and the spread of identical and similar types in SouthEast Asia, 1 as far as the Celebes. This is discussed against a background of Roman and prehistoric Egyptian evidence, and the data gathered from stratified excavations during the last ten years in India2*. M.A.Murray, 3 while writing on "Female Fertility Figures" classified them into three groups as follows : (1) The Universal Mother or Isis type (2) The Divine Woman or Ishtar type (3) The Personified Yoni or Baubo type. Briefly the characteristics of each are as follows:The Universal Mother This is the true "mother" goddess represented in three ways: (a) With full breasts, often exaggerated in size or number. (b) With a child in her arms, either being suckled or held up to her face. (c) As a pregnant woman In these figures the child is an essential part, actual or implied. Of these types, two are here illustrated. The first is a surface find from a Chalcolithic and Early Historic mound at Bilwali, near Dhar, Madhya Pradesh; the second is from the Chalcolithic layers of the latest excavations at Nevasa, District Ahmadnagar. Both the figures in essence belong to the same type in which the buttocks are exaggerated, and little or no attention is paid to the delineation of other features: head, nose, arms and even breasts. The artiquity of the Bilwali type can be traced back to Neolithic Anatolia and Crete,4+ that of the Nevasa one to Upper Palaeolithic Europe. 5* This would be "the archaic style" figurine of Gordon,6 though those illustrated by him are a little elaborate. So also are the "Mother Goddess" type from Ahichchhatra, 7+ Kausambi,8 Sonepur9+ and Somnath.9+ *The type here discussed is different from the types included by Dr. Ananda Coomaraswamy in his article "Archaic Indian Terracottas," Marg, VI, 2, pp. 22-35. 1 I cannot adequately express my indebtedness to Dr. Carl Schuster. After I showed him the figures from Ter in Poona on his return to the United States, he ransacked all the literature bearing on this subject in South-East Asia and beyond, photographed the relevant material from books and also requested his friends-who are also my friends now-to send me the original photographs. After waiting for nearly three years to do justice to all this material I thought it advisable to publish merely the bare facts without trying to go into greater details about the origin and spread of the motif discussed here. If the matter is inadequately treated, the fault is mine; bu I remain profoundly thankful to Dr.Schuster, Prof. C.Tj. Bertling of Koninlijk Institut Voor de Tropen, Amsterdam, Dr.J.H.Jager Gerlings, Curator, for a photo of the house model in Rotterdam Museum, Van Heekeren of Java (now in Holland), Prof. HeineGeldern (Vienna), Prof. Galestin, Amsterdam, and Prof. Franz Termer, Director of the Museum in Hamburg for kindly allowing me to publish the two photos of Dilsuki from his forthcoming (now probably published) monograph, Dr. Raland W. Force, Curator of Occanic Archaeology and Ethnography, Chicago Natural History Museum, for photocopy of the "shameless woman" on the gables of the houses in Palau. 2*For reproducing photographs from these, I am obliged to Shri A.Ghosh, Director General of Archaeology in India, Dr.P,M. Joshi, Director of Archives and Archaeology in the State of Maharashtra, and the Superintendent of Indian Museum, Calcutta. 3 Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, Vol. LXIV, 1934, pp. 93-100. 4 See Evans, The Palace of Mincs at Knossos, I. 5 For instance in MacCurdy, George Grant, Human Origins 1, or the more recent appraisal by Absolon, Karel, "The Diluvial Anthropomorphic Statuettes and Drawings, especially the socalled Venus Statuette, discovered in Moravia," Artibus Asie, Vol. XII, p.201 ff. Cf. also op. cit. p. 104, Salmony, Alfred, "Some Palaeolithic Ivory-Carvings from Mezine (in Ukraine)." 6 Gordon, D.H., "Early Indian Terracottas," Jour. Ind. Soc. of Oriental Art, Vol. IX (943). p. 143 and p. IX, 1-5. See also. Das Gupta, C.C., "Unpublished Ancient Indian Terracottas" in the Musee Guimet, Paris, Artibus Asie, Vol. XIV, pp. 283-305, and from the British Museum; and Coomaraswamy, op. cit., pp. 22-23. 7 Agrawala, V., "Terracotta Figurines of Ahichchhatra." Ancient India, No. 4, p. 106, ff. and pl. XXXIA. 8 Kala, Satish Chandra, Terracotta Figurines from Kausambi, (Allahabad 1957), p. 14. pl. I and III, and Sharma, G.R., The Excavations at Kausambi (1957-59), (Allahabad 1960), p. 75 and pl.44.3. (This is however more primitive looking than the "archaic" ones.) 9+ Indian Archaeology-A Review (IAR), 1956-57. pl.XXVA and pl. XVIIIV,5 respectively.

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74 BHARATIYA ASMITA PART II The Divine Woman In the second type, "the figure is always that of a young woman, hardly more than a girl, and the rounded limbs are made as beautiful as the skill of the sculptor permits." She is sometimes nude, sometimes lightly clad and sometimes completely clothed. "Such figures," as Murray has rightly remarked, "should not be called a 'mother goddess, for she has not yet borne a child." It represents "the divine woman whom man desires-beautiful, exquisite, alluring, potential mother but still a virgin." Personified Yoni or Baubo In the third type, as Murray showed by discussing examples from Neolithic Egypt as well as much later figures from the same country, and also from England and Ireland, the whole emphasis is laid on the pudenda And "in the ancient world, the most realistic of such figures belong to Egypt, where they represent the goddess Baubo. Though these figures are of the Roman period, they are not necessarily of Roman origin, they are merely an ancient goddess in a new form." "The figure is commonly represented as seated on the ground, the legs spread out so as to display the pudenda, which are strongly marked and often exaggerated in size." In some cases the figure is squatting with the knees raised and turned outward. This Murray calls the Baubo-Phryne or "frog" attitude. "In every case the outward spread of the thighs is essential. The pose of the arms is varied; sometimes they are raised in the so-called 'attitude of prayer, sometimes they are held forward as in invitation. sometimes the hands are laid on the thighs to stretch the legs apart and so emphasize the pudenda. This last was not uncommon in late Roman times." Codrington followed up this publication with an article "Iconography: Classic and Indian,"10+ in which he cited a small female terracotta figure in the form of a toad, now in the Indian Museum, London. Though its exact provenance and date were not known, from other associated red stone figures and stylistic evidence, he assigned it to Mathura in the Kushan period (early second century A. D.'. He also thought that similar naked goddesses or Yakshinis from Bharhut, Mathura, Sanchi etc. belonged to the Baubo and the Sheila-na-gig class. and the sm: Ilt ad figure, specially inspired by the Baubo figures. This inspiration, he attributed to the increased overland contacts with Western Asia during this period. Codrington probably suspected Roman influence in the handing down of this inspiration, when he used the words "the provincial Roman art of Sirkap, the Taxila of the first century B. C. must be taken into consideration as the witness of special contacts." Excavation during the last ten years has conclusively shown that the first two centuries of the Christian era and probably the first century B. C. witnessed a prosperous maritime as well as overland trade with the Roman world. This was not confined to Taxila or Mathura, as the principal seats of Kushan power, but was felt all over India, and more by the sea-ports on the western and eastern coast of India. This is examplified, besides Roman coins, by amphora sherds from Arikamedu, Chandravalli, Kolhapur, Nevasa, Junnar and Ujjain. Associated with this is a fine Red Polished ware, some of it, as at Nasik and probably at Nevasa, and other Andhra sites, being of Roman origin or done in imitation of the Roman ware. It was with such sherds that the principal figure discussed here was brought from Ter, Osmanabad District, Bombay (now Maharashtra) State. Ter is the ancient Tagara. It lay on the trade route from Masulipatam in the east coast to Junnar or Broach in the west via Paithan. Until recently it was known chiefly for its early structural Chaitya-like temple.+11 Extensive mounds at the sites were noted by Cousens in his short visit, f12 but their age was never suspected. Recently, a number of finds from Ter were, brought to my notice. Among these, I found the famous Blackand-Red pottery, the Red Polished ware, beautiful kaoline boy-heads, the terracotta goddesses and a feeding cup, also in tin: Red Polished ware. Though not stratified, there is no doubt, from the evidence afforded by Nevasa, Kolhapur and Maheshwar and the unstratified evidence from Kondapur, that we can confidently assign all the objects to the first-second century A. D. In fact small excavations+13 there during 1958 have confirmed this inference, and a figure like the one discussed here was found in the excavation, in association with Red Polished ware etc. and assigned to the 1st-3rd century A. D. 10 Man. XXXX, 1935, No. 70, P. 65. 11 Cousens, ASIAR., 1902-03, p. 196. 12+ Op. cit. 13 See I.A.R. (Indian Archaeology-A Review) 1957-58 p. 23. Preliminary Report on the work by Dr. B.N. Chapekar of the Decean Coliege has been submitted to the Director of Archives, Bombay, for publication.

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SMRITI GRANTH 75 of these, I would like to discuss in some detail the terracotta female. It measures about 1. 1/2 inch to 2.1/2 Sinch, about 1/2 inch thick, and is cast in a single muld, the back side being it. The surface is fine, red polished all over. The female is shown seated as described by Murray, with th: thighs spread out. The Kaims are supposed to be on the sides. But there is no head. This is intentional. Round the neck is a beaded necklace, a thick girdle encircles the waist, and there are heavy anklets. In the stratificd figure there seem to be a large number of girdles, the torso is very much shortened, and there are four rosettes-two on the top, and two below. sy that this type of mother goddess, was accepted into the Rashtrakuta pantheon. She was in fact turned into a regular goddess, as shown by the attendant figures. Were some dubt left about such a development, it is removed by a tiny but highly significant stone sculpture from Vadgacn. near Satara. it was brought to me by Shri Inamdar of the Aundh State Museum. The goddess, again headless, is shown exactly as in the two terracottas discussed above, but in add tion with a bullNandito her right. She is regarded as a form of Durga or Parvati. That this was again a widespread feature is being proved by the occurrence of an almost identical figure from the excavations at Nevasa, in 1959-1960. The stone figure was found from the foundation debris of Period VI and is thus assignable to Period V (c. 100-300 A.D.). This giddess was even accepted in the early Buddhi. st pantheon, as is shown by a terracotta from Nogarjunikcnda. In this, the upper part of the goddess is in the form of a stup. Baubo's Indianization is thus complete. An almost identical figu e on a circular terracotta plaque was found by Marshall in his excavations 2 Bhita.t14 It is now exhibited in the Indian Museum at Calcutta. Though headless like the Ter figure, it differs in having a lotus flower with petals falling over the shoulders, while the hands are upraised like those of a toad; the waist is very narrow ard decorated by a girdle, and on the legs are worn a heavy anklet and a series of rings, and banglrs on the arms This figure, though heavily ornamented, is nearer the Baubo type than are those from ICI. Marshall, probably because of the association, assig. ned it to the Kushan period, but thought that it might be Gupta. He further drew attention to a similar figure from Kosam exhibited in the Indian Museum. The former really is of the Kushan pericd, as it was found just after of the numbers in dark black were given on the field or indicate the order in which the objects were discovered) what Marsh I called a "water bottle." 151Sin e the Kolhapur finds 167this has been recognized as a characteristic Vesse! in Red Polished Ware and dated to the 2nd century A.D. Stella Kramrisch has identified a simialr figure-a stone sculpture in the museum at Alampur, now in Andhra Pradesh, with Aditi-Uttanapad17f. But before acepting this interpretation, it should be pointed out that we have no early identical figures from the Rigvedic period ( whatever be the date of that period ) 01 from a period before the fi:st-second century A. D. The Alampur and cther figures are at least five or six centuries later than the first introduction of this figure in India. So the indentification of the figure with AditiUttanapad may be justified as a later apotheosis of an idea or symbolism which was probably foreign, as pointed out here. How this gradually took place has been shown. And it must be cmphasised once again Urat it was not cnly in the Brairmanic religion, but also in the Buddhist that this symbol was defied. Similar figures are also found sculp'ured in caves aud temples. The first is from a cave at Siddan Kotte. north of Kelur in Northern Karnatak. This was copied by the late Mr. Changer and is reproduced from his diary. An explanation of the survival (if not the first introdection) of such a goddess in India was provided by the late Shri Charger. He has n. ted that the figure is The figure of a goddess with a fem le attend nt on either side in Cave No. 21 (Rames war) ut E ACEms similar, but may be in fact diferent. The goddess is sested in ukatilasana with thighs spread apart, preminently showing the pudenda region. But thr latter appears to be repaired, as are some other portions of the sculpure, and it is not certain whether the figure WAS Originally nude. If it indeed was, then one miglit 149 Arch. Soc. of India, Ann. Rep. ASIAR), 1911-12 p.75, pl. XXI, no. 40. A figure similar to this is described and illustrated by Kala as from Kausambi, though the latter is not clear. See Kala, op. cit., p. 30. figs. pl. XVII, A and C. 157 Marshall, op. cit., Pl. XXX, tig. 52 16+ Sankalia, HD, and Dikshit, M.G., Excavations at Kolhap ur (Brahmapuri). Poona 1952.pl XIX, A and pl. XXXII.D. Jain Education Intemational

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76 BHARATIYA ASMITA PART II ding the former Idar State,257 has given us some of the finest mother-and-child stone sculptures in Indian art. called "Lajja Gauri" i.e. "a shy woman." But this is euphemistic. Really it means "a shameless woman." Hence her head is never shown. Now-a-days, women who do not get children worship "Lajja Gauri." Butter and red lead are applied on the vegina and breasts and they pray for childern. This explains one of the reasons why such figure occur not only in Indian art and iconography, but in Furopean, West Asiatic, Egyptian and even South-East Asian monuments. There might be psychological reasons too, as pointed out by Murray, and that is how such figures could find a place even on Christian churches and in Indian temples. It is interesting to find that such figures but with heads continue to be made even now, or were made until recently in such far of places as Kampong and Sanga, Middle and West Celebes, and Palau and Java from where figures were carried to Japan, as drawings, photographs and information kindly supplied to me by Dr. Carl Schuster18* and his freinds prove. From this rapid review of certain types of female figures can we say definitely that these were introduced from Western Asia in the early Roman period ? Except for the Piprava (Lauriya Nadangadh) gold leaf image, 261 and now the Rupar stone relief27$ (600-200 B.C.), we have few well-documented figures of this nature from the early Historical Period. It is a far cry to Mohenjodaro and the so-called Mother goddess figures of that civilization are differently made, though the motive or purposes might be the same. As againt this, there is good stratigraphical, evidence from a number of sites in India to suggest the importation of the type during the first centuries B.C. or A.D. with the Roman and West Asiatic trade. However, as with Graeco-Iranian and other motifs, the figures were soon Indianized, so much so that in figures from Gujarat, it would be difficult to see even a trace of foreign influence.28 When and how the Baubo type figures reached Indonesia (Java and the Celebes islands) is also worth investigation. The figures resemble the Mathura toad figurine so much in certain particulars that Indian influ In India, the inspiration was most probably received from Egypt through the Romans in about the firstsecond century A. D. It is to this that may be attri- buted the occurrence, in late Andhra or Satavahana layers, of another goddess, seated in European style. Cast in double mould, and perhaps nude or in diaphanous dress, she has pleasing, benign features. She might well be the "Divine Woman" or "the Ishtar type, "19* wherein the figure is always that of a young woman, hardly more than a girl, and the rounded limbs are beautifully shown. So far such "Divine Woman" figures have come from Kolhapur, Nasik, Nevasa, Ter, Tripuri,201 and Nagarjunkonda 207 all belonging to the first-second century A. D. 171 Stella Kramrisch, "An Image of Aditi-Uttanapad". Artibus Asiae, Vol. XIX, p. 259. Cf., however, Coomaraswamy, op. cit., p. 32 who says, "we cannot with any security attach a name to the Indian nude goddess," and suggests several alternaticns. 18* See note 1 on page 1 of this article 19* Op. cit., p. 94. 201 Dikshit. Moreshwar, G., Tripuri - 1952, Pl. XXXIII and p. 95, and IAR., 1956-57 pl. LXIA. 21. Sankalia, H. D., and Dishit, M. G. Excavations at Kolhapur (Brahmagiri), pl. XXIIA. Mother goddess figures probably of similar inspiration can be had from Mathura and elsewhere. Hariti and Ambika are well-known. But towards the later Andhra or early Gupta period, i.e. about 300-500 A. D. and later. deterioration in type had devoloped as shown by the stratigraphical evidence from Kolhapur 21* Nevasa.22* Maheshwar23* and Ahichchhatra247 and Kausambi.24* All these sites have produced a ligure, cast in single mould, as if in half relief. The woman is shown standng, with her right arm at her side, and with the left supporting a child. Agrawala called such figures ank adhatri. On the contrary, Northern Gujarat, inclu 22* Sankalia, H.D. and Deo. S. B., From history to Prehistory ar Nevasa, (Poona 1960). 23* Sankalia. H. D., and Subbarao, and Deo, S. B., Excavations at Maheshwar and Navdatoli (Poona and Baroda) 1958. 24* Anicicnt India, No. 4, pp. 146-48 PI. LI-I, and Bulletin, Museum and picture Gallery, Baroda, XII (1955-56), p. 3. 25+ Shah, U. P., Sculptures from Samalaji and Roda, Museum and Picture Gallery, Baroda, 1960. 261 Bloch, T., "Excavations at Lauriya," ASIAR, 1906-07, and Coomaraswamy, o. cit., p. 31, no. 36. 271 Sharma, Y. B., "..Excavations at Rupar" in Lalit Kaal, No 1-2, p. 125. 281 For Roman influence on Indian art and architecture, sce Goetz, Harmann, "Imperial Rome and the Genesis of Classic Indian art" in East and West, Vol. 10 (1959), pp. 153-81; 261-68. Jain Education Interational

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SMRITI GRANTH 77 nature are found in Near Eastern sites (Western Asia), particularly at Susa, where under the Elamite name of Kiririsha this fertility goddess was worshipped through the centuries. Under the Nanaia her cult continued down to the Parthian period and many terracotta figurines are found in the Parthian cemetery at this important site. It is in this way that we are able to get a link between Egypt and India in about the 7th-8th century B.C. As mentioned in the article, the goddess was taken to India under the Roman impact. ince29may not be ruled out. However, allowance must le made for other sources of such influences. This night be directly Roman or early European in the 5th-16th century. within India, two other sources are likely, though it possible that both are quite independent of each othr, and also of the Baubo type figure under discussion. The earlier chronologically 30t suggesting the human sex ct is a drawing on a pot found the Chalcolithic site f Daimabad on the Pravara river, District Ahmadnaar, in 1959. Almost identical male and female symbo3 are carved on a pillar of a dormitory at Raisu by he Bhuiya ard Muria Gonds311 So it may be argued ither that the Murias carry on the prehistoric tradition, ir that they have borrowed the symbolism from the igurines of the Early Historical period;32or that the igurines themselves are based on this old tradition and lave nothing to do with the Egyptian, Roman and the Vestern Asiatic influences. Perhaps the earliest representation of this goddess in ran is to be found on a votive bronze "pin" from Luritan. On one piece illustrated by Ghirshman, Iran, page 02, Pl. 8a, this goddess is shown squatting in childbirth. She holds her breasts--a gesture which is shown on other bjects. It is said that thousands of figurines of similar 291 One of the ways to ascertain this is to study minutely the Angkor Vat and other monuments from Java, Sumatra and Cambodia. If they depict any such figures, than presumably the source will be Indian. 306 Seen at the exhibition in Bhuvaneshwrr in October 1959 and reproduced here with the courtesy of the Director General of Archaeology and Shri M. N. Deshpande. See also Indian Archacology - A Review, 1958--59 p. 16. 314 Elwin Verrier, The Muria and their Ghotul (1947), brought to my notice by Dr. Schuster. 321 A terracotta, probably Early Gupta, now in the Bikaner Museum, seems to depict the yoni over an ekamukha linga, thus giving the symbolism a definitely religious turn. Cf. Agrawala, "Two Interesting Saiva Terracottas in the Bikaner Museum." Artibus Asiae. Vol XIX. Gram : ROUNDSHAFT Telex : DALKO-3467 Office : 395564 Resi : 522897 * DALICHAND & CO. IRON & STEEL MERCHANT Darukhana, Mazgaon, POMBAY-10 * HEAVY MARINE PROPELLER SHAFTS * M. S. ROUNDS. * PLATES, FLATS. * SQUARES, * AXLE FORGINGS * EN-8 SPECN. BARS Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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78 BHARATIYA ASMITA PART II Continued from page 116 est, Hungary (Kretzoi and Vertes 1965), and the recently discovered flakes2+ in association with Early Pleistocene mammalian fauna and fragments of human molar from Prezletice, near Prague. Czechoslovakia (Fejfar 1969). 2. Handaxe, 14.5x9.5x6.5 cm. roughly pearshaped, made on a quartzite nodule, slightly worn and yellowish in appearance. The piece is worked over the entire surface with bold and step flaking; the latter is crude, however, and therefore the handaxe is technologically Abbevillian. At the same time, it was found (at Pahlgam) at the junction of the boulder conglomerate and the brownish clay and seems best regarded as belonging to the earliest clay phase and not to the conglomerate phase of deposition; and it is not as worn as the rolled Acheulian "Middle Stellenbosch" handaxes from the Second Interglacial deposits at Gariala, Balwal, Chak Sighu, and Grand Trunk Road in the Potwar plateau (Paterson and Drummond 1962: 39-40). Thus stratigraphically and technologically it is the earliest handaxe in Asia. The discovery of the crude handaxe and the massive Bike at the same locality, and in practically the same part of it, but in two different deposits separated by about 8 ft. of boulder conglomerate, raises the important question whether we should regard them as representing two separate and distinct cultures or ethnic groups or as products of the same people over the course of time. (The existence of two separate cultures the Soan and the Bif..cein the Punjab as early as the Second Interglacial was postulated by De Terra and paterson because they had found these characteristic tool types at different sites but never together at the same one.) This and other questions can be faced when more tools have been found at Pahlgam and other sites in Kashmir. 3. Convex-edged scraper on a flattish flake, 6.6x4.9x 19 cm. of olive-green quartzite, slightly rolled or weathered, with smooth, flattish surface. The bulb of percussion was possibly removed from the underside; which has two deep scars ar.d: th ck, slightly worked, straight back. The broad convex upper surface has a wavy edge, as a result of steep alternate flaking. The piece was found in situ on the r ght bank of the East Liddar at Pahlgam, near the bott. m of the exposed road section, in a silty, brown clay pocket in the boulder conglomerate. Hence it is regarded as belonging to the Second Interglacial. 4. Straight-edged scraper on a thick, roughly rectangular nodule of olive-green quartzite, 9.5x7.2x4.7 cm. with a flat natural under surface and a sloping upper surface forms a dull edge. One of the shorter sides and the back bear a deep flake scar, made obviously to provide a handhold. The otherwise straight edge is marked by two small flake scars. The tool is rolled or weathered, so the edge and the surfaces are are smooth and glossy. It was found in situ on the left cliff of the East Liddar, three miles from Pahlgam, at the junction of the boulder conglomerate and the brown clay exposed in the Circuit Road. It is regarded as Second Interglacial. 5. Borer, on a flattish nodule of whitish quartz schits, 6x5.5x2.1 cm. A thick protruding point has been made by the removal of large, deep flakes from either side of the point. This tool, typologically Middle Palacolithic of peninsular India, was found on the surface of the slope of a cliff formed during the Third Glacial on the left bank of the Liddar, opposite the Ganeshpur bus-stop. 6. Borer, not as fine as the above, made on a large, thick, flattish nodule of olive-green quartz schist, 9.4x7.7x4.1 cm. found at the same place and in the same context as No. 5. 7. Core, roughly rectangular, 9.7x5.4x5.1 cm. made of greyish, fine-grained quartzite, comparatively fresh. One shallow blade like flake has been removed from the left upper surface. A part of the under surface has been steeply flaked away so as to form a convex edge with the gently sloping upper surface. This tool was found at the same place and in the same context as Nos. 5 and 6. 3. Handaxe-cum-side-chopper on a small, ovalish pebble of daik-grey quartzite, 8.5x6x4 cm. Crude, bifacial flaking has given it an uneven longitudinal edge, leaving a thickish handhold on the opposite side. It was found in the loose gravel on the right bank of the Sind Rivar at Nunar (lat. 34deg15. 1/2'N, long. 74deg47. 1/2'E) and probably dates to the Third Glacial. 9. Two-edged scraper on a triangular pebble chunk of white quartz te, 11.2x8.3x3.1 cm. slightly rolled. The I underside has a smooth pebble surface, from which two 2 Not handaxes, incidentally; one of these tools is described in the caption below the illustration of it as a "bifacial handaxe" but in the text it is referred to as a single-edged scraper, and the illustration seems to bear out this view.

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SMRITI GRANTH 79 References Cited Targe but shallow flakes have been removed so as to form a wavy edge at its junction with sloping and 'boldly retouched upper surface. Another edge has been made almost at right angles to the above by removing a large, but narrow, flake by striking on the under surface. This might have served as a convenient handhold, or have been used for scraping skin or wood. The tool was found in situ in the exposed glaco-fluvial deposit on the right bank of the Sind at Prang (lat. 34deg17'N, long. 74deg53'E) and can be ascribed to the Second Glacial. 10. Chopper, on a plano-convex pebble of whitish quartzite, 8.4x7.3x3 cm. Two large flakes have been removed from one of the longer sides, using the under surface as a platform. Probably the opposite side was also flaked, to provide a suitable handhold. This tool was found in the same context as No. 9. 11. Scraper-chopper on a ovoid flatbased pebble half, 13.6x9.1x5.7 cm. of olive-green quartzite. It is heavily rolled, so that the bulb of percussion on the under surface and the end of a large fl.. ke scar on the left longitudinal side have been practically effaced. Slightly younger scars are seen on the end opposite the butt and on the left underside. This tool was found in situ in the morainic deposit of the Second Glacial at Sonmarg (lat. 34deg18 N, long. 75deg18 E) on the left bank of the Sind. 12. Large borer on a flat slab of grey schist, 16.6x10.5x3.3 cm. A beak like curved point has been produced by flaking at one of the narrow ends of the slab. This has resulted in a very efficient pointed tool, This tool was fourd in 1969 on the mound overlooking the right bank of the West Liddar at Pahlgam. The mound also has a 10th-century temple. As a surface find, this tool assumed significance only with the discovery in situ cf similer borers it Ganeshpur in 1970 (see Nos. 5 and 6 above). = = = = = DE TERRA, H. and T. T. PATERSON. 1939. Studies on the Ice Age in India and associated human cultures Carnegie Institute of Washington publ. no. 499. FEJFAR, OLDRICH. 1969. Human remains from the early Pleistocene in Czechoslovakia. CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY 10:170-73. GRINLINION, JOHN L. 1928. The former glaciation of the East Liddar Valley. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India 49 pt. 2. KRETZOI, M. and J. VERTES. 1965. Upper Biharian (Intermindel) pebble-industry occupation site in Western Hungary. CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY 6:74-87. OAKLEY, KENNETH P. 1964. Frameworks for dating fossil man. Chicago: ldine. PATERSON. T. T. and H. J. H. DRUMMOND. 1962. Soan : The Paleaolithic of Pakistan. Karachi : Government of Pakistan. POTTER, STEPHEN C. 1970. Quaternary glacial record in Swat Kohistan, West Pakistan Geological Society of America Bulletin 81 : 1421-40. SANKALIA, H. D. 1965. "Palacolithic Neolithic and Copper Age" in The Vedic Age. Edted by R. C. Majumdar, A. D. Pusalkar, and A. K. Majumdar. Fourth impression. Bombay: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. VISHNU-MITTRE, GURDIN SINGH, and K. M. S. SAKSENA. 1962. Pollen-analytical investigations of the Lower Karewas. The palaeobotanist 11 : 92-95. PAR ADISE INDUSTRIES 9 A, Sitafalwadi, Mount Road. Mazgaon-BOMBAY-10. "Manufacturer's of Metal Articals = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = Jain Education Intemational Jain Educatlon Interational

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ASIATIC DEMOCRACY Asia is not Europe and never will be Europe. The political ideas of the West are not the mainspring of political movements in the East, and those who do not realize this great truth, are mistaken; for they suppose that the history of Europe is a sure and certain guide to India in her political development. A great deal of the political history of Europe will be repeated in Asia, no doubt; democracy has travelled from the East to the West in the Shape of Chrislianity, and after a long struggle with the feudal instincts of the Germanic races has returned to Asia transformed and in a new body. But when Asia takes back Democracy into herself, she will first transmute it in her own temperament and make it once more Asiatic. Christianity was an assertion of the unity of the divine spirit, in man, which did not seek to overthrow the established systems of government and society but to inform them with the spirit of human brotherhood and unity. It was greatly hampered in this work by the fact that the European races were in a state of transition from the old Aryan civilization of greece and Rome to one less advanced and enlightened. The German nations were wedded to military civilization which was wholly inconsistent with the ideas of Christianity, and the new religion in their hands became a thing quite unrecognizable to the Asiatic mind which had engendered it. When Mahomedanism appeared, Christianity vanished out of Asia, because it had lost its meaning. Mahomad tried to reestablish the Asiatic gospel of human education in the spirit. All men are equel in Islam,---whatever their soci 1 position power, nor is any man debarred from the full development of his manhood by his birth or low original station in life. All men are brothers in Islam and the bend of religions unity overrides all other divisions and differences. But Islam also was limited and imperfect. because it confined the ideal of brotherhood and equality to the limits of a single creed, and was farther deflected from its true path by the rude and undeveloped races which it drew into its embrace. Another revelation of the truth is needed. -Sri AUROBINDO great religious awakening has sought to restore the ancient meaning of Hinduism and reduce caste to its original subordinate importance and a social convenience to exercise the spirit of caste pride and restore that of brotherhood and the eternal principles of love and justice in society. But the feudal spirit had taken possession of India and the feudal spirit is wedded to inequality and the pride of caste. When the feudal system was broken in Europe by the rise of middle class, the ideals of christianity began to emerge once more to light, but by this time the Christian Chruch had itself become feudalized, and the curious spectacle presents itself of Christian ideals struggling to establish themselves by the destruction of the very institution which had been created to preserve Christianty. When the ideals of liberty, equality and fraternity were declared at the time of the French Revolution and mankind demanded that society should recognize them as the foundation of its structure, they were associated with a fierce revolt against the travesty of the Christian religion which had become an integral part of that feudalism. This was the weakness of European Democracy and the source of its failure. It took as its motive the rights of man and not the Dharma of humanity it appealed to the selfishness of the lower classes against the pride of the upper; it made hatred and internecine war the permanent allies of Christian ideas and wrought an inextricable confusion which is the modern malady of Europe. It was in vain that the genius of Mazzini re-discovered the heart of Christianity and sought to remodel European ideas; the the French Revolution bad become the starting-point of European Democracy and coloured the European mind. Now that Dem crecy has returned to Asia, its cradle and home, it will be purge of its foreign elements and restored to its original purity. The movements of the nineteenth century in India were European movements, they were coloured with the hues of the West. Instead of seeking for strength in the spirit, they adopted the machinary and motives of Europe, the appeal to the rights of humanity or the equality of social status and an impossible dead level which nature has always Jefused to allow. Mingled with these false gospels was a strain of hatred and bitterness, which showed itself in the condemnation of Brahminical priestcraft, the hostility to Hinduism and the ignorant breaking away from the hallowed traditions of the past. What was true and eternal in that past was linkened to what was India from ancient times had received the gospel of Vedant which sought to establish the divine unity of man in spirit; but in order to secure an ordered society in which she could develop her spiritual insight and perfect her civilization, she had invented the system of caste ideals came to be an obstacle to the fulfilment in society of the Vedantic ideal. From the time of Buddha to that of the saints of the Maharahstra every Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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SMRITI GRANTH 81 false or transitory, and the nation was in danger or place in the structure of society and the Satya Yuga losing its soul by an insensate surrender to the aberra- return. This is the Asiatic reading of Democracy, which tions of European materialism. Not in this spirit was India must re-discover for herself before she can give India intended to receive the inighty oppertunity which it to the world. It is the Dharma of every man to be the impact of Europe gave to her. When the danger was free in soul, bound to service not by compulsion but greatest, a number of great spirits were sent to stem hy Love; to be equal in spirit. apportioned his place in the ride flowing in from the West and recall her society by his capacity to serve society, not by interested mission; for, if she had gone astray, the world would selfishness of others; to be in harmonious relations with have gone astray with her. Her mission is to point back his brother men, linked to them by mutual love and humanity to the true souice of human liberty, human service, not by shackles of servitude, or the relations of equality, human brotherhood. When man is free in the exploiter and the exploited, the eater and the eaten. spirit, all other freedom is at his command; for the It has been said that Democracy is based on the rights Free is the Lord who cannot be bound. When he is of man; it has been replied that it should rather take 1. berated from delusion, he perceives the divine equality its stand on the duties of man; but both rights and of the world which fulfils itself through love and duties are European ideas. Dharma is the Indian conjustice, and this perception transfuses itself into the law ception in which rights and duties lose the artificial of government and society, when he has perceived this antogonism created by a view of the world which divine equaility, he is brother to the whole world, and makes selfishness the rool of action, and regain their in whatever position he is placed he serves all men as deep and eternal unity. Dharma is the basic of Demohis brothers by the law of love, by the law of justice. cracy which Asia must recognize, for in this lies the When this perception becomes the basis of religion, of distinction between the soul of Asia and the soul of philosophy, of social speculation and political aspiration, Europe. Through Dharma the Asiatic evolution fulfils then will liberty, equality and fraternity take their itself: this is her secret. 0-0-0-0-0-0 Estd. 1962 CHAMPION ENGINEERING STORES With Best Compliments From Msgr. & Stokists: RUBBER BELTING, HOSE PIPES, COUPLING CLAMP, FOOT VALVES, C. I. PIPES & FITTING. H.O. : 122, NARAYAN DHURU STREET, BOMBAY-400 003. A PHONE : OFF. : 329771 ** GOD : 320124 * RES. : 595655 M/s MEHTA DHANJIBHAI DHOLABHAI (Amreli-GUJARAT Branch : CHAMPION AGENCIES DANAPITH, BHAVNAGAR Saurashtra). + PHONE OFF. : 4149 RES : 333027 AND -- Factory CHAMPION MANUFACTURING CO. BHARAT METAL CORPORATION (COIMBATORE -SECUNDERABDA) TODI INDUSTRIAL ESTATE, BLOCK NO. B-46, SUN MILL COMPOUND, SUN MILL GALI, LOWER PAREL, BOMBAY-400 013. Jain Education Intemational

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OUR INDIAN MUSEUMS ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL MUSEUMS ANDHRA PRADESH 1. Alampur . Archaeological Site Museum. 2. Amravati .. Archaeological Museum. 3. Hydrabad ..Hydradad Museum. 4. Hydrabad .. Salar Jung Museum. 5. Kondpur .. Archaeological Museum. 6. Madanapalle .. Madanapalle College Museum. 7. Nagarjunkond .. Nagarjunkona Museum. 8. Rajahmundry .. Museum of the Andra Historical Research Society. 9. Tirupati .. Sri Venkateshwara Museum. 10. Vijaywada .. Victoria Jubilee Museum. ASSAM 11. Gauhati .. Assam State Museum. 30. Jamnagar .. Museum of Antiquity. 31. Junagadh Junagadh Museum. 32. Kolhapur ..Kolhapur Museum. 33. Nagpur .. Central Museum.' 34. Poona .. Bhartia Itihas Sanshodhan Mandal Museum 35. Poona .. Museum of the Deccan College Post Graduate Research Institute. 36. Prabhas Patan..Prabhas Patan Museum. 37. Rajkot .. Watson Museum. 38. Sabarmati ..Gandhi Smarak Sangrahalaya. 39. Sevagram ..Gandhi Smarak Sangrahalaya. 40. Vallabha Vidhyanagar .. Museum of Art and Archaeology. 41. Surat .. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Museum. DELHI 42. Delhi .. Archaeological Museum Red Fort. 43. Delhi .. Indian War Memorial Museum. 44. New Delhi .. Ganah Samark Sangrahalaya. 45. New Delhi .. National Gallery of Modern Art. 46. New Delhi .. National Museum of India. BIHAR 12. Buddh Gaya .. Archaeological Museum. 13. Darbhanga .. Chandradbari Museum. 14. Gaya .. Gaya Museum. 15. Nalanda .. Nalanda Museum. 16. Patna ..Patna Museum. 27. Vaisali .. Vaisali Museum. BOMBAY AND GUJARAT HIMACHAL PRADESH 47. Chamba .. Bhuri Singh Museum. JAMMU AND KASHMIR 48. Jammu ..Dogra Art Gallery. 49. Srinagar .S.P. S. Government Museum. KERALA 18. Ahmedabad ..Municipal Museum (Calture Centre) 19. Ahmedabad Museum of Seth Bholabhai Jeshingbhai Institute of Learning and Research. 20. Amreli ..Shri Girdharbhai Children's Museum 21. Aundh ..Shi Bhavani Museum. 22. Baroda ..Museum & Picture Gallery Sayaji Bag, Baroda. 23. Baroda .. Museum of the Department of Archeology. M. S. University, Baroda. 24. Bhavnagar . Barton Museum of Antiquity & Gandhi Smriti. 25. Bhuj ..Kutch Museum. 26. Bombay .. Prince of Wales Museum of Western India. 27. Bombay .. Victoria & Albert Museum, Victoria Gandens. 28. Dharampur Lady Wilson Museum. 29. Dhulia ..1. V. K. Rajwade Sanshodhan Mandal Museum. 50. Trichur .. The Archaeological Museum and Picture Gallery. 51 Trichur .. The State Museum and Zoological Gardens. 52. Trivendram .. Government Art Gallery (Sri Chitralayam) 53. Trivendram .. Government Museum. MADHYA PRADESH 54. Bhilsa Vidhisha 55. Bhopal 56. Dhar 57. Gwalior .. Vidisa Museum. .. Central Museum. .. District Archeological Museum. .. Archaeological Museum and Gwalior Fort. .. State Museum, Jumuna Bag. .. Central Museum. .. Archaeological Museum. 58. Gwalior 59. Indor 60. Khajuraho 00 Jain Education Intemational

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SMRITI GRANTH 61. Nowgong . State Museum, Dhubela place. 62. Raipur ...Mahant Ghasi Das Memorial Museum. 63. Saugor . Archaeological Museum, University of Sagar. 64. Sanchi .. Museum of Archeology. 65. Sonagir ..Digambar Jain Museum. MADRAS 66. Madras ..Fort St. George Museum. 67. Madras . Government Museum and National Art Gallery 68. Madurai .. Gandhi Smark Sangrahalaya (Gandhi Memorial Museum). 69. Madurai .. Sri Meenakshi Sundreshawar Temple Museum. 70. Padmanas puram Museum of Antiquity. 71. Pudukkottai .. Government Museum. 72. Srirangam .. Srirangnathswami etc. Devasthanam Museum. 73. Tanjor .. The Tanjor Art Gallery, Palace Building. MYSORE ISORES 74. Bangalore .. Government Museum. 75. Bijapur .. Archaeological Museum. 76. Chitradurga .. Lccal Antiquity Museum. 77. Dharwar Kanda Research Institute Museum. 78. Hampi .. Arhaeological Museum. 79. Manglore .. Government Museum. Srimathi Bha van, Bjal. 80. Manglore .. Mahatma Gandhi Museum, Canara High School ORISSA 81. Baripada .. Baripada Museum. 82. Belkhandi .Belkhandi Museum. 83. Bhuvane shwar .. Orissa State Museum. 84. Khiching .Khiching Museum. PUNJAB 85. Amritsar .. Central Sikh Museum. 86. Patiala ..Provincial Museum. 87. Simla ..Punjab Government Museum. RAJASHTAN 88. Ajmer .. Rajputana Museum. 89. Alwar .. Government Museum, Alwar. 90. Amber . .. Archaeological Museum. 91. Bikaner .. Canga Golden Jubilee Museum. 92. Bharatpur .. State Museum. 93. Bundi .. National Heritage Preservation Society Museum. 94. Jaipur .. Government Central Museum. 95. Jhalawar Archaeological Museum. 46. Jodhpur Sardar Museum. 97. Kotah .. Museum and Sarsvati Bhandar. . 98. Sanguria .. Chhoturam Museum. 99. Sikar ..Sikar Museum. 100. Udaipur... Victoria Hall Museum. UTTER PRADESH 101. Allahabad .. Allahabad Museum. 102. Kalpi ..Mahatma Gandhi Hindi Sangraha laya, Hindi Bhavan. 103. Hardwar ..Gurukula Museum, Gurukula Kangari. 10. Mathura .. Archaeological Museum (Curzon Museum of Archaeology. 105. Lucknow .. Atate Museum. 106. Sarnath .. Sarnath Museum. 107. Varansi .. Bharat Kala Bhavan Museum of Art and Archaelogy Banaras Hindu University. WEST BENGAL 108. Calcutta .. Indian Museum. 109. Calcutta .. Victoria Memorial Hall Museum. 110. Calcutta .. Asutosh Museum of Indian Art, Calcutta University. 111. Calcutta .. Municipal Museum. 112. Calcutta Museum of Asiatic Society. 113. Calcutta .. Museum of the Bangiya Sahitya Parisad. 114. Calcutta .. Gurusday Museum. 115. Kanthal- Rishi Bankim Library and Museum. para 116. Nalda .B. R. Sen Museum. 117. Santiniketan.. Rabindra Sadana (Tagor Museum) 118. Tamluk .. Hamilton High School Museum. 119. Serampore .. Serampor College Museum. EDUCATIONAL SCIENCE MUSEUSMS ANDHRA PRADESH 120. Guntur .. Medical College Museum. 121. Hydrabad Health Museum. 122. Visakhapata-.. Andhra Medical College. nam ASSAM 123. Gauhati ..Assam Forest Museum. BOMBAY & GUJARAT 124. Ahmedabad ..B. J. Mehta College Museum. 125. Baroda ..Municipality Health Museum. 126 Baroda .. College Museum. 127. Bombay .. Grant Medicol College. Jain Education Intemational

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.84 BHARATIYA ASMITA PART II UTTER PRADESH 128. Bombay 129. Bombay 152. Agra 1.3. Allahabad 154, Dehradun 130. Bombay 155. Dehradun 131. Poona .. St. Xavier's College Museum. ..Seth Gordhandas Sundardas Medi cal College Museum. ..The Bombay Natural History Society Museum at Prience of Wales Museum. ..B. J. Medical College Museums. DELHI ..Anthropolog cal Museum, University of Delhi. ..Engineering Museum. . . Science Museum, National Physical Laboratory . Lady Hardinge Medical College Museums. .. St. John's College Museum. .. University Museum. .. Museum of the Forest Research Institute and College. .. Geodetic Branch Museum, Survey of India. .. Provincial Hygiene Institute Museum. ... University Museum. .. Motilal Nehru Bal Sangrahalaya. 156. Lucknow 132. Delhi 157. Lucknow 158. Lucknow 133. New Delhi 134. New Delhi 135. New Delhi 159. Calcutta 160. Calcutta WEST BENGAL ..Medical College Museum. .. Museum of the School of Tropical Medicine. R. G. Kar Medical College (Pathology) Museum. . Natural History Museum. KERALA 161. Calcutta 162. Darjeeling INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL MUSEUMS 136. Ernakulam ..Zoology and Botany Museum, Maharaja's College. MADRAS 137. Annamalain- ..Zoology Museum, Annamalai a g ar University. 138* Coimbatore .. Agricultural College Museum. 139. Coimbatore ..Grass Forest Museum. 140 Madras .. Medical College Museum. 141. Madras .. Museum of the College of Engine ering, Guindy. 142. Madras .. Stenly Medical College Museum. 143. Mandapam- ..Central Marine Fisheries Research Camp Station Refernce Museum. 144. Tambaram ..Zoological Museum, Madras Chris tian College. 145. Trichinapalli Natural History Museum of St. Joshph's College. MADHYA PRADESH 146. Chhindwara .. Tribal Research Institute Museum. 147. Shivapuri Regional Forest Training School Museum. MYSORE 148. Bangalore Central College Museum, 149. Mysore .. University Medical College Museum. ASSAM 163. Gauhati .. Commercial Museum, Gauhati University, Jalukabari. 164. Gauliati .. Cottage Industries Museum. BOMBAY & GUJARAT 165. Ahmedabad .. Calico Museum of Textiles. 166. Poona .. Lord Reay Maharsia Industrial Museum. DELHI 167. New Delhi .. Handicraft Museum. KERALA 108. Trivend am .. Sri Moolam Shashtyabdapurri Memorial Institute Museum. 169. Madras 170. Madras 171. Pilani MADRAS .. Central Industrial Museum .. Victoria Technical Institute. RAJASHTAN .. Central Museum. WEST BENGAL .. Birala Industrial and Technological Museum. ..Craft Museum. .. Government Industrial and Comm ercial Museum. 172. Calcutta 150. Amritsar PUNJAB Museum of the Botany Department, Punjab University. Museum of the Zoology Department, Punjab University 173. Calcutta 174. Calcutta 151. Hoshiarpur Jain Education Intemational

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THE ASIAN TRADITION RUDYARD Kipling's facile generalisation about the East and West with its catchy rhythm and its half-truth has vitiated much of current thinking on Asia and its role. The time has come when the truth it contains might be separated from the falsehood, and the way prepared for a better appreciation of Asian history. It is an obvious truism to say that "East is East." but it is a dangerous and false prophet who insists that the West and the East shall never meet. At the time when Kipling wrote, Europe was at the height of its powar; materially, it held empire over the rest of the globe with the exception of the American continent, America had not yet shown what it was capable of doing and Asia had not yet arisen tasset with any confidence the greatness of its past and the promise of its fature. To the average Westerner whom Kipling represenied, the West was nt only the West, it was the acme of human achievement and the East was for ever doomed to the political subjection and economic exploitation of the immensely more civilised nations of the West. Hence the Eastern people must remain what they apparently were, steeped in misery and darkness of mind and soul. The West must maintain zealously its separate existence, there could never be any question of their coming together except as eater and the eaten. The presence of Turkey 07 Europe n soil was an anomaly that must be ended, the " Sick Man of Europe" should be killed and his careass divided up among the Teuton and the Slav. The Berber in Algeria should be driven into the desert and the white colons rule supreme. In Syria. Lebonen and Feypt. the nat ves should be tight to ad pt the Western dress and languages French. Americ.n ind English-Isthey should contamin' te the cultured nations on their passage to the distant East. In lian, in the Levant and the vast spaces of China, the grert European Powers had their "spheres of influence ", primrily no doubt to "develop" the areas but ultimately to civilise the natives by means of such agencies as the Christian missionary and the Sunday school. In cuntries like India Indo-China. Java and Central Asia where the civ I sers were also plitical sovereigns, and the ultimate goal was, at least in the inital stages of the c.v lising mission. to pass on to the benighted dwelles of the cont seats of eviten nat only -Sanat Banerji the Christian gospel of the one true God this was nothing new, for the Muslim invaders had done the same thing some centuries age--but also the benefits cf their recently acquired culture, their language and literature and philosophy and science, so that ultimately there should prevail, in place of the bewildering diversity of creed and cultural patterns, a single language and the one accept ble form of thought and social living which the European colonisers had inherited from the days of the Italian Renaissance. But fairly early in their victorious career most of the European Nations discovered that the East was inclined to remain obstinately Oriental. attached to its religious forms, its social codes and habits of thought. S. me like the upper classes in India and Java and West Asia accepted the languages of the West as their media of expression. A small minority in China and even in independent Japan had become Christians. There arose even in backward Iran and Turkey a demand for some form of democracy. But in practically every other sphere of life, the East refused to change. The instance of Japan is not evidence to the contrary; for as we shall try to show later, the so-called "renaissance" of Japan and its frantic attempt at quick change were superficial movements designed more to hoodwink the European Powers into believing that Japan now deserved to be treated as their cquals and had a right to denounce the unequal treaty rights imposed on her at a time of weakness, than to make any considerable change in the rational character and attitudes. Long before the West decided to retreat politic.lly from their vantage points in the Est.--this did not come with any real earnesiness till her the Second World War when the vcterious march of Japan all over the Far El, the growing insolvency of the once great Pwers as a result of the War ef rt, and above all the pressing demands of the you'g American democracy made this retreat inevitable--long before this retreat most of the Western occupants of the East had resigned themselves to the reality that the peoples of Asia and North Africa which is a cultural annexe of Asia were stubbornly opposed to serious change and that they had best be left to themselves as long as they provided the needed markets for the West's industrial and commercial veatures. Kipling's wellknown verse reflects this attitude f the disillusioned West. Jain Education Intemational

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86 BHARATIYA ASMITA PART 1 It is well to inquire why the East refused to change. If we get the right answer to this question, perhaps we might be in a better possition to judge the prophecy of the English poetaster. Is it a fact that Asia and Europe - We shall for our present purpose use them as synonymous with East and Wet in spite of a different ccnnctation given in current political controversy-is it indeed true that the two continents are essentially different in their cultural attitudes, and has it been always so ? On the answer to this question would depend to a large extent the possibility of a true rapprochement in the rear fature. An answer that has often teen given, especially in the heat of controvesy during the period of Asia's subjection, was that Asia had been primarily spiritual; hence it could never accept the materialistminded Furope. But this can hardly be the right answer. For in the first place, spirituality is not the monopoly of any particular nation or continent, nor is there any historical ground for believing that there has been a dearth of saints and spiritual men on the Western coninent; even a casual glance at the Christian calendar would dispel the doubts on this score. It is no doubt true that all the great religions of the world had their birth in Asia and thence they have covered the globe. It is also true that the religion of Christ has been greatly modifi d and often ignored in practice in the course of its long history; but that can be equally said of all the other religions including Buddhism and Islam which never won many adherents outside Asia or Africa. But the real difference between Asia and Europe, or Ferhaps we should say betwcen the Asia of yesterday and the Europe of the twentieth century, is the diffe rer.ce in their genral attitudes to life. Asia has for long remiained cut off from the movements of thought that shaped the life of Europe in modern times. This thought emphasised the importance of the individual, his reason, his rights, his claim to self-satisfaction even at the expense of others, his challenge to established custom and authority. All this has been till 1 centy rather foreign to the Asiatic mind. Asia, like the nations of Europe, passed through the stages of the human cycle which Sri Aurobindo describes as the symbolic, the typal and the conventional. But the next stage, the individualistic. did not come to Asia except indirectly through its contacts with the thought of Europe, nor has yet quite made its own this the individualistic attitude of the West. It is this difference in the two attitudes that accounts for much of the misunderstanding. This incidentally explains the astonishing rapidity with which Europe could establish its domination over the slumbering masses of Asia. It was, as Sri Aurobindo points out, "due not to any original falsehood in their ideals on which its life was founded, but to the loss of the living sense of the Truth it once held and its long contented slumber in the cramping bonds of a mechan.cal conventionalism" (The Human Cycle Chapter 2). What, we must know, were the ideals on which the life of Asia had been founded? These ideals are written large in her ancient religious texts and her books of philosophy, in her literature, art and music, in her social organisation, in her ideas of government. "The true mind of Asia," he gives it in a nutshell, "has always remained, behind all surface appearances, not political but social, moni chical and aristocratic at the surface but with a fondimental democratic trend and a theocratic spirit." (The Ideal of Human Unity, Chapter 23). To the Asian mind, religion remain:d if not the whole of life, at least th: m jor influence. Whether enshrined in a Bible and T. Imud, a Quran and the Shariat, a Yi-King and Tlo-Te-King. Buddhist Sutras and Puranic texts, it was religion that governed the thought and aspiration, the social and political organisation, even law and economic life. No doubt to the vast majority of people, this meant a routine worship and mechanical prayer for the fulfilment of their daily needs. It also meant a quasi-permanent scheme of social and economic organisation in which the priestly and learned classes enjoyed along with the powerful Kshatriya or war ior class the highest position and the best advantage, whilst the artisan the merchant and the cultivator stood barely above the sect and the slave. Nevertheless, there was a certain disciplire which helped the spiritual seeker and pr. duced a plentiful crop of my stics, saints and sufis throughout the long ages. Religion moreover gave a specific colouring to philosophy, for it scIdum indulged in sheer word spinning high up in the clouds with no reference to a base of concrete spiritual experience or the touch of earthly reality. Religion or rather the religious spirit invaded the domain cf the aesthetic as well. Asia has produced a secular literature of high quality--w tress the Shah Nania of Firdausi, the Tang poetry of Li Po and Tu Fu, the Manyoshu Collection of early Japanese verse or the later drama of the Far East-but seldom has the reli, gious spirit been absent. There is behind all this liter). tuie a background of myth and legend, a feeling for the supraphysical, even a vague wistfulness that yearn for the Beyond. This is much more clearly telt in Jain Education Intemational

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SMRITI GRANTH 87 almost all oriental art, as even the average Western connoisseur has now come to recognise. But perhaps it is the music of Asia that gives the most powerfull expression to its religious aspiration. Asia lives naturally by a spiritual inilx from above, that clons brings with it a spiritual evocation of her higher powers of mind and life. East and West "are two sides of the integral oib of humanity and until they meet and fuse, each must move to whatever progress or culmination the spirit in humanity secks, by the law of its being, its own proper Dharma. A one-sided world would have been the poorer for its un.frmity and the monotone of a single culture; there is a need <Page #93
IRANIAN INFLUENCE ON EARLY INDO-PAKISTANI CULTURES by H. D. SANKALIA (This paper was originally prepared for the Vth International types of vessels from Iraa or Western Asia, and Congress of Iranian Arts and Architectures to which the author (viii) beads or spindle whorls from Ahar and Anatoliawas kindly invited by the Iranian Ministry of Culture and Education. Owing to unforeseen circumstances, he was unable to had shown that reasonable ground existed for postulaparticipate in this conference, but later (September 1968 ) he ting contact between India and these western countries. had an opportunity to pay a brief visit to Teheran as the guest And since the dates of the Chalcolithic cultures in Cenof the Ministry. This is therefore a revised paper and tral India, Maharashtra and Andhra-Mysore are fairly incorporates the study done in the Archaeological Museum well settled by several and independent C-14 determina(Iran Bastan) and the British Institute of Persian Stuides at tions, it was possible for the first time to indicate the Teheran. He is thankful to Dr Nagabahn and A. Sarfaraz, and Dr Stronach and Dr Blow, the respective authorities in charge time of this contact. Briefly, this contact was continuous of the two institutions, for all the facilities they afforded him, and took place between 2000 B.C. and 1200 B.C. and to the Ministry of Culture and Education for the oppourtu In this connection, I may briefly refer to two objenity to visit Iran. He is also thankful to the Indian Ministry of Education and to the Indian embassay in Teheran for manifold ctions which I have heard, but not seen so far expressed courtesies.) in writing. The first objection is that these Indian counte. IRAN and the Indo-Pakistani sub-continent are close rparts-such as the channel-spouted bowl, and the neighbours. Philologists tell us that the Rigvedic Indians pot-hook spiral-wera considerably earlier in date than and the Avestan Iranians must have lived together for those found at Giyan and Londo, in Iran and Baluchisome time before they separated, one group proceeding stan respectively. to India and the other remaining in Iran. These objections cin be easily met. The channelUntil now these linguistic and cultural affinities bet- spouted vessel, as shown below, has a long history in ween Iran and India have not been adequately docu- Western Asia (and in Iran itself, as a first hand study mentid by well stratified archaeological data. Fortunately of the objects in Tran Bast in museum at Teheran recenexcavations in India, Pakistan, and Afghanistan, during tly has shown me), and has been traced back to Crete the last 10 to 15 years have given evidence of contact by Gorden. Nw it has been found at Khirokitia in between India and Iran or Western Asia from about Cyprus, in still earlier deposits. Hen e the view that this 200 B. C. (Though according to the new data, viz.. shape gradually migrated eastw rds, and may have 1. afinities of the stone tools from the caves of Iran reached Central India in about 1500 B.C., much before wth similar industries from Sanghau cave near Pesha- its exact countererpart is found at Giyan and Marlik, war, and the old Late Soan Culture and the newly for instance, in Iran. discovered Middle Stone Age industries in India, contacts might have existed from a very remote period, say The same is true of the pot-hook spiral. Its evoluas far back as 30,000 years ago.) tion at Togau in Baluchistan has been demonstrated by Beatrice de Cardi. 2 It is also found in Phase Ic I reviewed this evidence five years ago, 17 and would at Amri, 3 t and therefore if it is found in the rare summarize it br efly thus. A comparative study of speci- dish at Navdatoli, which is centuries earlier than the fic shapes and designs in pottery-such as (i) the cha one occurring in Londo Ware, one need not be surprinnel-spouted or teapot like vessels from Periodis III-IV sed. For this particular design motif has a long history, at Navdatoli, (ii) footed cups or wine and champagne and it seems to have reached Navdotoly fairly early, cups from Navdatoli, (iii) effigies or theriomorphic pots or in the middle phase of its development, and not from Nevasa and Chandoli, (iv) spouted Grey Ware towards the end, as Gordon thought, because to vessels from Piklihal (and now Tekkalakota, Sangankal), () three-legged bowl from Chandoli, (vi) designs : dan 1+ H. D. Sankalia, 'New Light on the Indo-Iranian or Westecing figures, stylized antelopes, and animals with m Asiatic Relations between 1700 B.C.-1200 B.C.', in Artibus slingated legs and bodies, and tree spirals from Navda Asiae XXVI (1963) 312-332. toli and Daimab:d, (vii) four general shapes of 2 + Pakistan Archaeology 2 (1969) 129, Fig. 10. vessels fron Nanditcli and ore from Nev.si and similar 3 + Jean-M. Casal, Fuuil. D' A -for full ref of fun. 5. Jain Education Intemational

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SMRITI GRANTH 89 Gordon, the Chalcolithic Cultures were not older than 800 B.C. This view has been found to be quite unjus. tified by several excavations in different parts of Irdia. In fact, we are now able to fill up the gap between the Indus Civilization and the early historic Civilization by well-spaced and well dated Chalcolithic Cultures. And it is the origin of the latter that seems to derive from renewed Iranian influence. However, it was realized that the contact between such distant reg ons as Central India and the Deccan cn the one hand, and Iran and Western Asia on the other, should be put on a surer foundation by evidence from the interirediate regions--such as Rajasthan, the Punib, Sind, and Baluchistan and Afghanistan. Towards this end I pla 1.sed explorations and excavations in Rajasthan, und Ahar, near Udaipur, yielded very intere ting but tantalizing evidence pointing to contact b twee Eastern Rajasthan and Anatolia in about 2000 B.C, and between Western Raj.sthan and Iran at about the same time. Now, fortunately, evidence is available from four sites which lie in between Central India and Iran. Though this ev.dence is not quite definitive, it supplies a few more links-which are well dated-in the chain between Central India and Iran. A number of sites in Sind, Punjab and Rajasthan have revealed the existence of a widespread pre-or proto-Harappan culture. The first clue of its existence was given by the 1947 excavation at Harappa, though much earlier (1929) the late N. G. Majumdar had drawn our attention to a pre-Harappan culture at Amri in Sind. Fortunately, this has been now excavated by Jean Casal, and the results published. Then we havs the startling discoveries by Dr. F. Khan of a pre-Harappan township, including a stone-based fortification at Kot Diji, Khairpur subdivision, in Sind. That this was mot a freak development or feature of the pre-Harappan culture has been demonstrated by the discovery of mud-b ick fustification and evidence of town-plann. ingt Kalbawigan, Northern Rajasthan, excavated by Shri. B Lal and Shri B. K. Thapar. Though it is too early tus y whether all these p.e. Har ppan cultures origin to from one source, still hey wil sted f.w c m n characteristics. Besides the town-p! An and for.ification which is attested to * Kot Dji ats a rgan, but not at Amri which Words evidence large, mud-brick houses in hase III of the Am.. ui pre-Harappan culture, we have: (a) a wheel made pottery, having many common fabrics, shapes, and decorations, which are cumulatively and singly different from of the Harappan; (h) a lith's blade industry on agate and chalcedony, with the result that the comparatively tools are small, and not so large as the chert and flint blades met with in the Harappan made from the excellent material from Sukkur and Rohri; (c) artistic figurines in the round (toys in terra cotta. Kot D.jo); (d) absence of lingas and yonis; (e) absence of beads of faience and etched carnc lian beads; (9) absence of any sort of writing. On these traits or features of the pre-Harappan cultures in Sind, Northern Rajasthan and Baluchistan, the only important features for a comparative study are, firstly pottery, and to some extent the blade industry. The latter may be disposed of first. Though the chert blades and cores from Kot Dji are slightly smaller than those in the Harappan deposits from the same site, still the latter seem to have been me on the crested ridge or guiding flake technique, as proved by the occurrence of two such flakes, while for the former we have no definite indication, but the same technique must have been employed as can be seen from the regularity of the cores and the blades. 47 The evidence from Amri is not different. 57 Unfortunately, the blade industry is very sketchily treated without mentioning how it differs from period to period, and most inadequately illustrated. Howeve, one does notice a crested ridge flake 67 and it comes from Period Ic, 77 the mature Amri phase. Baluchistan has so far not been explore from this point of view. But the trial excavations of Beatrice de Cardi at Anjira yielded a small amount of microliths mostly flakes and a few cores- in the lower levels (Periods I-II)- which docs include a guiding flake or crested ridge 87 The number of geometrics is very 4. Pakista, Archaeology, ibid. Pl. XXXIV (-) Harappan; (b) Kot Kij Culture. 5. Jean-Marie Casal, Fouilles D' Amri 11, Pl. XXVIIA; and ibid. 1, 147, Fig. 115, 10. 6. Ibid. 7. Ibid. 8. Pakistan Archacology, ibid. 122-25, Fig. 9, No. 28. Jain Education Intemational

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90 small. This not because such lunates and trapeze were discarded as inferred by Gordon 9+ but possibly because these small tcols were used as barbs for harpoons and arrow-heads, and hence lost once dischargad. 10+ Whatever it be, Gordon regarded the small material from Anjira from as indicative of a flake-blade industry of neolithic type. 11 + BHARATIYA ASMITA PART II Very little evidence comes from Afghanistan. Excavations at Mundigak seem to have yielded a few long blades and fine points, but no cores and guiding flakes. 12 + However, the beginning of the Ne. lithic in Iran can be taken back through the Mesolithic to the Upper Palaeolithic through the almost complete sequences, with Carbon-14 determinations from the Belt and Hotu caves excavated by Professor Coon. 13 + And in between lies the earlier evidence cbtained at Sialk, Tepe Hissar and other old and also newly discovered sites (of which I have not much information). At the forme site, Periods I and II yielded comparatively small blades of flint and other stones, whereas in Periods III-IV very long blades of fint were found. However, no crested ridge flick is mantioned 14+ At Hissar, only a few blades are reported from Periods 1 and II, but Period III is noted for very symmetr.cal, oval, double pointed arrow-heads. 15+ Broadly, the Neolithic blade incustary with the crested ridge technique in Iran and Western Asia, as shown some ten years ago by the late Professar Subba Rao, 16+ seems to have had its origin in Western Asia; 17 and what we are having almost all over Western Pakistan and India, as fr south as Mysore and Madras, is a much later manifestation, datable at present to a period not earlier than 2200 B. C. (or 2400 B. C., according to the C-14 determination of a sample from Kodikal on the border of Mysore and Maharashtra). Whether the technique originated i.dependently in India from the earlier Mesolithic cannot be decided. There is no trace of it at Sang inkal (Bellary District. in Mysore), where we have discovered a true Mesol thic phase. But we have to remember that even this and the earlier blade and burin industry, of which we have very fine evidence from a site near Madras, had a much earlier beginning in the west. Thus an eastward migration of these industries may be post lated, thought we have not enough evidence to say migration was of ideas spreading like whether this eddies, or a migration of men at various periods. Anyway Iran, with its strategic position between India and the west, can be reasonably credited with an important share in the passing on of these ideas or men. Pottery is our next and the most important piece of evidence for postulating contacts between India and Iran or Western Asia. Formerly, some 22 years ago, we had some evidence 18+ for this contanct, but it was isolated, often unstratified and not dated. Now we hav not only data from (1) Iran, much more amplified, but also from (2) Afghanistan, (3) Blucl:istan, (4) Sind, (5) Northern Rajasthan, (6) Malwa or Central India, (7) Maharashtra, (8) Andhra-Mysore Fortunately, the Indus or the Harappa Civilization does not stand quite alone. Excavations both in India and Western Pakistan have revealed an earlier civilization at Amri, Kot Diji and Kalibangan which shows admittedly more Iranian influence than the Harappan. This influence could have come only through Afghanistan or Balochistan. Fortunately, again, this is documented by a few excavations, which are dated typologically or by carbon-14 determinations. Further it can be shown that the Central Indian Cultures, particularly the one at Navdatoli, seem to be related to the pre-Harappan culture at Kalibang.n, and to some extent to Amri and Kot Diji. 9. Ibid. 123. 10. Cf. Sankalia, Socio-economic significance of the Lithic Blade Industary of Navdatoli', in Current Anthropology (June 190) 252-68. 11. Gordon in Pakistan Archaeology, ibid. 123 12. Jean-Marie Casal, Fouilles de Mundigak II (1961) Figs. 135-36. 13. Carleton S. Coon, Seven Caves (1957) 203.-In fact, one witnesses a fairly good development from the Acheulian through the Upper Palaeolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic, as the few objects recovered by Braidwood from south-west Iran and exhibited in the Teheran Museum show. 14. Ghirshman, Fouille de Sialk I, Pl. LV. & Pl. XCVII. 15. Schmidt, Excavations at Tepe Hissar 121, and PI. XVII & Pl. LXIII. 16. II. D. Sankalia, B. Sabbarao, and S. B. Deo, Excavations at Maheshwar and Navdatoli 1952-53 (Poona-Baroda 1958) 41-65. 17. The technique has been found in the Upper Perigordian in France. See Bordes, 'Considerations sur la typologie et les techniques dans le Paleolithique', in Quarter 18 (967) 44 Fig. 5. 18. See Stuart Piggot, 'Dating the Hissar sequence, the Indian evidence', in Antiquity XVII (94) 169-82; also Ancient India 1 (194) 3-26; and R. E. M. Wel, 'Iran and India in pre-Islamic Times', in Ancient India 4 (1947-48) 85-103.

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SMRITI GRANTH Further a close comparative study of the Harappan ottery forms and the pre-Harappan, as far as known oday, from Amri, Kot Diji, Kalibgn and Harappa self, by one of my pupils, Mrs Omi Manchan. has vealed that at least a pa t of the repertory of the farappan forms my be derived f.om the pre-Harappan. hus a good workable chain between India and Iran jay be forged. The present comparison takes not only of: (i) characteristic pottery f.rms (very common pes are excluded as not being useful from the diagostic point of view); (ii) typical design-motifs, such as (a) the buccranian (bull or wild sheep horn motif. Pl. I) (h) the double axe (c) pot-hock or crock or spiral (starting frem wavy deer or sheep horn, Pl. 11) (d) elongated animal forms (Pl. III) (e) row cf ducks (f) dancing or humau figures human figures standing with hands clasped, or singly, holding some object in the hand and over the head (Pl. IV) (g) paintings of wavy lines on the underside of the footed cup or goblet (Pi. V); (ii) human (female) effigy or Mother Goddess from Hissar and Nevasa (PI VI); (iv) theriomorphic vessels or figures (not illustrated). ese are briefly discus el below, showing how the a has spread from Iran > Ind a e Buccranian Motif The first design-motif is the buccranian or the bullin motif. Leaving out other Western Asistic parall. Is, far as Iran is concerned this m. tif is found: first in ssar IB and Sialk III (PI.112). In the mouflon-head. horns are curved downwards, but in the (bell (?) 1, 1). the horn is very much elongated and curved wards. This motif seems to acquire a religio s s gaince in Hissar IIIC, as the gold sheet from a hod. ggests (Pl. I, 3). At Kot D ji, West Pakist n. it is this very mot.f. hink, which has been an hropomorphized in the que paintings on a vessel (Pl. I, 4) wh ch cccurs at junction (Loyer 3A) of the Kot Diji and Harappan. tures. 19 Such K. Diji figures seem to be the 91 ancesco:s of the well-known Harappan figures with bullhorns and three f.ces, known popularly as proto-Siva (Pl. I, 4a). Paintings of Animals with Elongated Bodies Another interesting design motif is the painting of an animal, usually a tiger or a deer. The body of this animal as well as the legs are stretched out and variously hatched or stipled. This motif is first met with at Hissar and Sialk (Pl. III, 1-3), and later found in the Central Indian Chalcolithic pottery. Specially striking are the rece pieces from Prakash and Daimabad (Pl. III, 5. 6). Be it noted that this particuar motif is .bsent am ng the H rappan desin-mot fs. Thus this negative-positive evidence is indeed very suggestive. Paintings on the base of footed cups Equally striking is the motif which appears on the flt base of the footed cups. So far as I have been able to see, it cccurs in Hissar and at Navdatoli (Pl. V, 12-14, 1-3, 4-5, 7-10), and in a rare piece from Amri I (Pl. V, 6) and at Periano Ghundai and Rana Ghurdai. Such a feature is conspicuously absent in the Harappan, and from many Chalcolithic cultures of India, including Rangpur. Footed cups with low, holow pedestal Allied with this motif is the footed-cup with a low, hollow pedestal. This is a feature of the Hissar goblets, es well as the few found at Navdatoli and the unique small gobiet found in Kalibangan-I. (Pl. III, 12-14, 11, 17-19, and 12, 16 respectively). Footed cups also occur at Rangpur, after the close of the Harappan cultural phase. So far Navdatoli is the only site where these goblets figure in such profusion. Pot-hook Spiral Motif The pot-hook spiral or hook his a long pedigree, but surprisingly it does not occur am ng the Harappan design motifs. In the Indo-Pakistani sub-continent it is found at Togan, where Beatri.e de C rdi has observed the evolution of the motif in four phases (Pl. II, 1215). Later this pot-hook motif becomes the chief motif L ndl. at Now it is interesting to find this mot f in Amri I on a fairly large open-mouthed bowl (Pl. II, 9-1) and then at Navdatoli. Here it is found to figure both in 19. Khan, in Pakistin Archaeology 2,57; and Antiquiiy, No." 170 (June 1969)

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92 BHARATIYA ASMITA PART II the early stage of its development (PL. IV, 1) as well as in its later forms (Pl. II, 2-7), but the most noteworthy is its occurrence on a dark red-slipped widemouthed dish or bowl (Pl. II, 6-7). But for the wavy oblique lines, it compares very well with the one from Amri (Pl. II, 11). This pot-hook motif as well as the sigma or Sodesign on a carinated bowl of almost identical shape at Amri I and Navdatoli (PI. II, 8 and 17) suggests a relationship between both these distant sites. Dancing Human Figures Attention has been already drawn to the dancing human figures on a white-slipped ware from Navdatoli, and those from Iran, Syria, etc. Now in addition to this, a striking parallel can be cited between a design motif in which large human figures, holding each other's hands, have been shown in solid black at Navdatoli (Pl. IV, 1) and at Sialk in Period III (PI. IV, 5). The Mother Goddess The mother godess figure has again a long history of development in Iran apart from the fact that it occurs also elsewhere in Western Asia. The earliest might be the extremely stylized figures in clay from Tape Khakhiya and Tepe Sarib in South ast Iran. These have no face or head but only a stick-like vert cal projection and two breasts and painting tapering legs a fine example of impressionistic "Modern' art!. While this might be compared with and derived from similar motifs of the Upper Palaeolithic period in Europe, particularly around Bruno, a figure of a woman appears at Tureng Tepe, north of Hissar. The f cial features are delineated, and in addition the figure wears bangles on both the wrists, and necklaces on the neck and chest. It is dated to the 3rd millennium B. C. Later at the same site we have a figure with pinched nose, and holding the breast with two hands but with out ornaments. It is in clay und 9.5 cms. broad and 24.5 cms. high (Archeologie Vivante, P. 38. Pl. XI). Lastly, there is the female figurine with a hollow cyl ndrical or solid triangular he: d with one or more holes for suspension, stumpy outstretched arms and prominent breasts and lower part of the body flat and fiaring out, but otherwise featureless. At Hissar this figure occurs in alabaster and bone in Period III, Band IIIC, and very likely is derived from still earlier Iranian and Anatolian forms to which Evans had drawn our attention long ago. This was :. Iso recognized by Gordo. 2) + Though M. henjodaro and Harappu have given us a large number of terracotta female figurines, some of which are undoubtedly mother goddesses, still this particular form is missing there. Surprisingly, figures almost identical with those at Hassar turned up at Nevasa. The on: shown in Pl. VI, No. 4, is the largest mother goddess figurine found so far in a Chalcolithic context which is well dated to 1200 B.C. (The current excavations at Inamgaon, in Sirur Taluka, in Poona District, have already yielded two such figures, but these seem to be male !) Channel Spowied Bowl This has a long history in Iran itself, and does not appear for the first time at Tepe Giyan or Marlik between 1200 and 1009 or 800 B.C., as usually supposed. A painted bowl with a pihched lip or small channel spout (bol a perit hoc versoir) occurs at Ismailabad, a site 80 kms. northwest of Teheran. It is 22.5 cms. broad and 18 cms. high and is dated to the 5th millennium B. C. (Archeologie Vivante, Paris 1968). Then Sialk IV (c. 300) B. C.) has a vessel in cream slip and is without a hudle. Of the same date is a small bowl in dark red, with black painting and short pinched lip from Kara Tape, at Shahriar. Sialk has also a cessel without a hundle. It is in whitish slip with crimson painting. This list can be enlarged. Suffice it to emphasize once again that Vessels with or wi hout handles, and with sort or long spouts, were current in Iran for thousands of years. Their spiead to India might have cccurred at different times. This gxplains the almost complete identity between a coper/bronze vessel from Susa (e. 2 00 B.C.) exhibited in the Teheran Museum and the one found by us at Khurdi in Rajasthan. 21 + The latter is only slightly smaller in size. 22 + 20. D. H. Gordan, in laq XIII. 59. 21. Suikali, in Arious Asiae (1963) 316 118. S. 22. 1. K. Sarma (indica 4, 87) seems to derive this type of vessel from the Lower Neolithic of the Deccan. Firsty one should not compare with and infer from unstratified evidence. Secondly, even the Lower Neolithic might be ultimately derived from W. Asia. -Since this was written. S. R. Rao dug at a site called Singanapa li jn Kanool District. Here mainly u red ware, painted in black was found, the remain type being a deep bowl with a rinched lip. The Grey Ware of the Southern Neolithic occurred ja extrenely liMited quantity, Hende the author conies to a conclusion diametrically opposite to Sarma's, ranely, that tie barers of this painted culture at Ramapa, Patnpadu, Sivavaram, and Pavalapadu, adopted the painten po: erytralition of the postHarappan Chalcithic cultures . St Trdia (f. Indian Archacology-A Review 1963-68 1968. p. 50). Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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1 That this form was current contemporaneously in varied sub-types and fabrics is best illustrated by Dr Negahban's recent excavations at Marlik, where we ha've channel-spouted vessels in black burnished ware-one vessel having a very broad spout, without handle-and also in red ware, but more long or high than wide. 11 ASMRITI GRANTH Hence no longer should we regard the occurrence of so many channel spouted bowls from Phase III-IV at Navdatoli as accidental. A strong Iranian influence possibly represented by a definite group ethnic or religious of people was certainly responsible for its introduction there as well as for its spread all over Malwa. The use made of this bowl was for a ritual purpose, for pouring libations at a sacrifice or so. This is suggested by its form, for it must be held in the palms of both the hands and the liquid slowly tipped into the fire (?). An exactly similar vessel, with the channel spout further extended by placing it on a stand with a long channel, is currently used for cffering libations in sacrifice in the Kanyakumari Sthan at Sakaori, in Ahmednagar District, in Maharashtra. :r -1 This inference is further supported by the fact that the vessel was painted on the inside base with the figu,re of a man, with dishevelled hair, and holding a long , spear-like object in his hand. .9 b Such figures occur of pottery at Sialk, Susa, Bakun "and Musyan, and the nearest parallel to the Navdatoli figure comes from Musyan (Archeologie Vivante, P. 20), though I have no means of saying at present in what context it appears at Susa. Possibly the dancing figure motif from Navdatoli has a similar significance. And the journal cited above figures all such human motifs. Running Dor or Dog-like Animals Comparable too are the striking running animal (dog from Giyan ana Bakun) and the similar motif from chandoli and Nevasa. Theriomorphic Vessels 1 These vessels are found in Iran and elsewhere, and attention had earlier been drawn to a vessel from Hissar III, but an identical terracotta figure of a bul! on wheel was found in the ruins of the Temple A at Nuzi (Richard F. Starr, 1137, II, pl. 103). From the ruins also came the breast and an eye of the goddess Ishtar, and figures of the lion and the boar, .93 and other objects all indicating some ritualistic significance. Of the greatest importance are two terracota plaques overlaid with a geometric and conventionalized tree of life design (Ibid. p. 131). An almost similar design is found on a pot at Daimabad, and described as a symbolized version of a human pair in copulation (Sankalia, Artibus Asiae. Vol. XIII, 1960, Fig. 19). 1 The Temple A was dated to 1475 B. C., as clay tablets bearing a letter from Saushshattar, king of the Mitanni, were found, (Starr, I, p. 122). khw Further a figure of the mother goddess, more or less identical with the one from Nevasa, is found in the excavation at Tall-I-Bakun (Langsdorff and McCown, Oriental Institute Publication, Chicago, Vol. LIX, pl. 6, 23, and pl. 7). From the two objects found in cult association at Nuzi, Yorgan Tepe, near Kirkuk in Iraq, and the figure of the mother goddess at Hissar, Bakun and elsewhere, and from similar objects found at Nevasa, Chandoli, Daimabad, all in Northern Maharashtra, we might say that the kind of cult followed in Western Asia was also practised in prehistoric Maharashtra. so Since the source of the Iranian influence was not direct but very distant and spread over a long time, something like a thousand years, what we see today is a feature here and a feature there; though as I have shown elsewhere, we can associate certain features with Eastern Rajasthan, footed cups with Naydatoli, and highly carinated pots with vertical spouts with the Godavari Valley, and this from as early as 2000 B. C. The substartum of these cultural regions might be ethnic, party indigenous tribes and party variuos foreign tribes which might have enterd India at various times during u long prehistorie past. What was the nature of this Iranian influence? Though we have no evidence except the archeological, which at best is frogmentary, we might say it was something like that of the Mauryan and the Mughal times during the historical period +23. The former was undoubtedly inspired by the Achaemenian emperors' monumental architecture and the excellent polish and the method of proclaiming the emperor' conquests, but this Iranian inspiration was completly Indianized, as witness the Asokan edicts with the beautifully polished 23. This fact has been dealt with more in detail by R. E. M. Wheeler in Ancient India 4.

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94 BHARATIYA ASMITA PART 11 dharmacakra and the lions and other animals seated back to back. In the same way the Mughals whose early ancestors had passed through Iran and had tasted the Iranian wine, and had admired the Iranian gardens, and the delicate Iranian arts and crafts, introduced all this into Indian life, to a much greater extent than their predecessors had done. The result was the exquisite Mughal art and architecture. (c) the buccranian, with a figure of a full blown flower under one of the horns; first seen in the Hissar IB and Sialk 1117, then at the junction of the Kot Dijian and Harappan at Kot Diji, and then ubipuitously in several post-Harappan cultures (Prakash, Nagda, etc.), (d) the zoomorphic figure from Nevasa atid Candoli (not yet found elsewhere or recognized, for instance at Daimabad or several sites on the Tapi and the Purna and their tributaries in Khandesh, Dhulia, Jalgon), (e) the mother goddess with a cylindrical or conical stumpy head, and short outstre ched arms, and upspecified lower part of the body. In the light of this fresh study of the rel.tionship between : It was somewhat in this way, which cannot be yet fully demonstrated, that Iranian culture-ways of life as illustrated by the peculiar pedestalled pottery at Navdatoli with its specialised designs--fertilizd, first the neighbouring region, viz. Afghanistan and Bluchistan, then Sind, Rajasthan and later Saurashtra and Central India and the South In every case, the original Iranian inpact was modified by the existing people and cultures, but the nature of modification depended upon the vitality of the indigenous or preexisting cultures and the force of the newly arrived people or influences In every case the resultant product was different from the respective parent cultures. Nevertheless, ancestry of these influences may be traced, and in this search for the pedigree, it will be found that : (i) the pre-Harappen cultures of Sind Rajasthan show considerable affinities with Iranian and Baluchi ; (ii) the Harappan exhibits a lot of new features, because it had developed its own particularly highly specialized pottery, though some of the traits in the latter can be traced back to the Iranian through the pre-or proto-Harappan at Amri, Kot Diji and Kalibangan; 1. the Irani..n or West Asiatic, II. the Pre-or Proto-Harappan, III. the Harappan, and iv. the Post-Harappan Chalcolithic, One hs to say that the Harappan influence on the Acarian, Navdatolian and Jorwe-Nevesion, and the distant Neolithic of ahnagiri, was considerably less than the Iranian. Even a close study by a Russian scholar 24+ has revealed only two or three per cent Harappan influence on the Central Induin Chalcolithic. Not only the form, but also the designs are admitted to be completly different from th: Harappan. The same thing is to be seen in Saurashtra. Here as at Rangpur, the Harappan Culture continued to survive in a degenerated form towards the close of Period ll and in Period II. But though the Harappan was not completely wiped out, the force or the character of the new culture is clear. It is seen the increased and varied types of goblets with a highly carinated side a feature which was absent in the Harappan. This all over Northern, Central and Western ( nduccrding to some scholars even in Southern or Peninsel r) Indi we witness new cultural influences. These are so fa best seen in new pottery fabrics, forms and design motif According to our study, these show a great affinity with the Iranian, particularly with those from H ar. Sialk, Susa, and to some extent Giyan. 24. A. Ya. Shchatenko, 'On the origin of the Encolithic Cultures of Central India', trsl. into English by Koichi Inopue and revised by M. A. Konishi, in Cultural Anthrnpology 1, 204. (iii) the post-Harappan and the cultures contemporary with the late Harappan or the closing phases of the Harappan show once again certain Iranian traits ; those however are seen at their best in the Navdatolian, particularly in its numerous gablets of varied shapes, the channel-spouted bowls, and in the design elements : (a) such as the pot-hock or crook spiral, (1) animals with elongated limbs and filled up in various ways, first seen in Silak 115 and Hissar IC, Jain Education Intemational

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SMRITI GRANTH 95 This Iranian influence reached India in several waves, getting modified on the way. Hence it is that we do not find a cent per cent Iranian form or design, even at Navdatoli where the Iranian influence seems to be the strongest. The resultant product, as I have said above, was like thc Maurya or the Mughal, a typical culture, with a definiteln Iranian impact on it. Iran and Western Asia for their ultimate origin, though we cannot say who the people were, who brought these ideas to India. The Aryan-or Sanskrit-speaking people might be one of these groups, However, there is little doubt that depending upon the original impetus, the people, or ideas having once reached India soon got crystalized into various regional cultures, which we today call Malwa, Khandesh, Vidarbha, Maharashtra and Saurashtra, (Sankalia, Science Today, Sepember 1967). CONCLUSION Thus though the Iranian influence is undoubted on the develop nent in t even th birth of the Chalcolithic cultures of Rjasth in, M.Iwi and the Deccan, between say 2000 B. C. and 1000 BC, still we are not yet in a position to explain everything that occurs in India, and the route or by which th: influe ice have travelled. So far I have failed to find an exact paralled to the vertically spouted vess:Is from Jorwe-Nevisa and elsewhere in Mthrasht". th: nsarest parillel being a vessel is conn slip, puit:d in vermillin from Susa, and dated around 2000 B. C. Nevertheless, the few parallels cited briefly discussed above have now convinced me that we have to look to In every case the indigenous elements have so modified the parent foreign elements that, as in the Maury and the Mughal, we cannot designate the resulting cultures as Iranian though the Iranian web is indeed there. This was loug suspected owing to the linguistic affiniiy of Sanskrit with other Indo European groups of languages, particularly the Avestan. This almost invisible web is at least being detected by archaeology as a result of the last 20 years' work in Indian sub-coniinent. 0-0-0-0-OOOO With Best Compliment Froms From \ A WELL WISHER Jain Education Intemational

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Rasearch in Education at the Sri Aurobindo Ashram I. EDUCATION AND LIFE EDUCATION primarily aims at preparing the child and the youth for life. But what is life? And what is the aim of human life? The nature of education will depend upon the answers that we give to these basic questions. Reseach in Education as conducted at the Ashram starts from an inquiry into these basic questions and this has resulted in a formulation of what can most properly be called "Science of Living." All life, we find, in an affirmation and a growth, a pulsation of an interplay of forces, secking blindly or half unconsciously and half consciously some deepest satisfaction, in which it may find its resting-place or assured stability or equilibrium. KIREET JOSHI as yet. However even this coexistence raises a possibility of an integration. (b) And when the integration of these elements is effected, we find a clue to the reconciliation of the above three seemingly opposite views of the aim of life. We find then the exact relationship between the supracosmic, the supratereestrial and the terrestrial, and of all these with individual striving and growing on the earth. It is then realised that the supracosmic, the supraterrestrial and the terrestrial are the three terms of reality, the last two rooted in the first. The will to realise the self-fulfilment and perfection here on the earth is not a vanity Oia perversion; only its unwillingness to look beyond is a self-defeating limitation; for the complete self-fulfilment on the earth can be attained only by a union with the supracosmic and by a journey through the supraterrestrial and terrestrial planes and by preparing and realising the harmonisation and perfection of the principles and powers of the embodied existence here. (c) Education then must be a preparation for such a journey, such an adventure, such a seeking and a realisation of harmony and perfection. (d) In practical bat precise terms, this would mean that education must consist in the training and development of five essential aspects of personality, in order to widen, enrich, subtilise and integrate them into an ideal perfection. These five aspects are: the physical, the vital, the mental, the psychic and the spiritual Research is being conducted at the Ashrain into the various problems that arise in the implementation of this integral view of education. There are, we find again, three fundartal powerful, but conflicting views concerning the goal or aim that life seeks to realise : (1) According to the first, all life is an ignorant movement seeking for knowledge, which, however, can b: found only by the cessation of life, which in turn, can b: achieved only by the realisation of the supracosmic static Self or featureless Nirvana. (2) According to the second, all life here is a preparation for a life elsewhere on a supraterrestrial plane, conceived either as a paradise or a heaven or an abode of perpetual joy and bliss. (3) According to the third, which is very much in vogue today, the aim of life is to affirm itself here in this world or earth itself. There is, according to this view, nothing beyond this cosmos, or even if there be anything beyond this cosmos, the aim of life has nothing to do with it, either because the connection of with that beyond cannot be known or because life here is so preoccupying and absorbing that it does not inspire us, or leave us sufficient time, to inquire into that beyond. All the.e three views have been deeply studied at the Ashram and our conclusions are as follows: (a) Each one of the above views answers to the aspiration of one or more of the elements in the human personality: but, in the human personality, thom ele . It ire find to b. Xistant, though not imtegrated II. AN EVALUATION OF EXPERIMENTS IN EDUCATION 1. An interesting problem is to consider the relationship of the experiment conducted at the Sri Aurobindo Ashram with the experiments made in the field of education in the past or those which are being conducted at present. (i) It is recognised that in the h story of the development of education, we find in certain systems of education a stress on a harmonious development of the cul, la vall dite mental. Such ir.cesc Jain Education Intemational

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SMRITI GRANTH was the Greek ideal of education, which has reappeared in the modern West, and which influences the modern educational thinkers in India. It is also recognised that there have been systems of education laying a great stress on the building up of the character and on the inculcation of the moral virtues. In some systems of education, an attempt has been made to provide for the study of some religious texts and for some religious practice. There is also a tendency to suggest system of education in which all the above elements would in some way be incorporated The system of integral education as being experimented in at the Ashram accepts the truths and values underlying all the above-mentioned systems of education but it is identical with none of them. It does stress the harmonious development of the physical, the vital and the mental; but the harmony is sought to be achieved not by any mental or moral or religious idea system, but by an uncompromising stress on an inner seeking and discovery of the psychic and spiritual principles in the personality. Again, this stress on the psychic and the spiritual is not conveyed through any religious doctrine, dogma, ritual or ceremony, but through spiritual example and influence, and through individual or collective spiritual guidance. (ii) Such a system of education is unique and unprecedented, for even in ancient India in the Ashram of the Rishis, where spirituality was not life-negating and where there was an attempt at the integral development of the various parts of the being by the stress on the inner psychic and spiritual seeking even there the aim of the complete spiritualsation of life here on the earth was lacking or was not yet fully put forth. Indeed, the educational system of the ancient spiritual Ashrams has been a most valuable gift and, even when our aim is not absolutely identical and we have to hew out new paths in education, many of the characteristics of our endeayour will bear close resemblance or even show identity, both in spirit and form, to those which obtained in the ancient Ashrams. The integral system of education is thus in a sense a continuation and enrichment of the ancient Ashram system; but it is also a new cretion. with a more radical and perfect spiritual aim, and in the conditions of the modern world which are very much different from those of ancient times. French and more complex problems of education have to be met in this new endeavour and research. There is no doubt that if education has to reconcile the underlying val. s 97 of modern Science, Technology and the dynamism of life with the spiritual ideals, it can be shaped only in this direction. (iii) It is significant that there is at present a great drive towards experimentation in education. And some of the new methods of education, that are being proposed and experimented upon at the forward centres of education all over the world, seem to be leading straight to the right solution. The ideas of individual differentiation, the stress on multiple methods of teaching for different categories of students, recognition of the phenomena of genius, insistence on allround development of the personality, and an ardent attempt at implementing the idea of freedom and that of consulting the child in his own education-all this has created a new atmosphere which augurs well for a new creation. In the experiments in education at the Ashram, all these movements have been taken into account, and an attempt has been made to give to all the new and significant idea in education their full value and work. out their extreme conclusions, so that in the final solution each truth of educational theory and practice may find its true place and complete fulfilment. 2. There has recently been in India a great deal of thinking on the problem of moral and religious or spiritual education. It has been strongly felt that even while "religious education" as such cannot be sponsored by the Secular State, education in moral and spiritual values can and should be made an integral part of the national system of education. There is also a serious inquiry as to the connotation of moral and spiritual values, and the methods by which these values can be inculcated-among the students. The inquiry is far from complete, and even serious doubts have been raised as to whether in the context of the present day educational environments, moral and spiritual education would at all be possible, or whether, even if attempted, it could be anything more than the teaching of moral and religious philosophy. These doubts cannot be brushed aside, for what is very often suggested is not "religious education," or "spiritual education" or "moral education," but education about religion, spirituality or morality, and that too by means of a few standard and graded books, and in the environment of the classroom and schoolbenches. Even when better suggestions are being hazared, they do not seem to lead us far into the heart of the solution of the problem.

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98 BHARATIYA ASMITA PART II A central research into this problem is therefore urgently called for. The Ashram has, however, been engaged in research in this problem for the last several decades, and this research has been both practical and theoretical. Some of the conclusions of this research will be considered in the next section. any appeal to those who would not accept those dogmas, and, besides, there is too a conflict among the dogmas. Or else, they are so rigidly framed that they prove unworkable and are, therefore, rejected by Nature. Or, sometimes, they are turned into system of compromises and become obsolete in the march of Time. PSYCHIC AND SPIRITUAL EDUCATION (i) A basic distinction has to be made between morality, religion and spirituality. Morality is a part of the ordinary life. The ordinary life consists of the seeking of satisfaction and the devolopment of the body, life and mind without any reference to their original source or self. Moral ty is that part of the ordinary l'fe which seeks to regulate and guide the various phys cal, vital, mental or ideal parsuits by some intuitive insight obtained at the level of the highest practical or pure Reason. But the standards of conduct erected by the moral cons ciousness, even the so-called universal principles of ihe categorical imperative, cannot be determined with certainty, and these in the present application by a bewildered with imperfect humanity come easily to be corflicting principles. Justice often demands what love abhors, and in fact man's absolute justice easily turns out to be in practice a sovereign injusticu. Morality is always in a state of disequilibrium and thus the moral values cannot be credited with absoluteness. The truth is that neither morality nor religion represents the highest reach of man's consciousness. They may prepare, but they are not the resting-place; as stations on an evolutionary journey they can be accepied, but not as the destination. Both of them are a seeking. Morality is a seeking of a guiding principle of conduct; but this sceking is mental and, when it goes beyond, it no more remains morality. Religion is a seeking of the Divine, but the method of this seeking is that of dogma, ritual and ceremony, and an involvement in a fabric of moral, social and cultural institutions all determined and permeated wholly or partly by the dogmatic tenets and rules of the sect or creed. It is an ignorant and a mental way of seeking. When it goes beyond, and liberates itself from dogma, ritual and ceremony and rules, it ceases to be religioa in the strict sense of the word. Beyond morality, beyond religion, is the path of Yoga; beyond the moral and the riligious life is the spiritual life. Religion is an endeavour of man to turn away the earth towards the Divine; but this seeking is still of the mind or of the lower ignorant consciousness, as yet without knowledge and led by the dogmatic tenets and rules of scct or creed which claims to have found the way out of the bounds of thearth-consciousn ss into some beatific Beyond. The religious life may be the first approach to the spiritu I, but very often it is only a turning about in a round of rites, ceremoniss and practices or set ideas and forms without any issue. The spiritual life proceeds directly by a change of consciousness, a change from the ordinary consciousness ignorant and separated from its true self and from God, to a greater consciousness in which one finds one's true being and comes first in to direct and living cont..ct and then into union with the Divine. For the spiritual seeker this change of conscious ess is the one thing he seeks and nothing else matters. Both morality and religion in their deepest core touch spirituality and may prepare the change of consciouness; but the element of " spirituality" does not constitute the differentia by which we can define morality or religion Spiritulity not only aims at the total change of consciousness, but even its method is that of a gradual and increasing chan. ge of consciousness. In other words, spirituality is an explortion of consciousness through consciousness. Sometimes, the absolutenss of the moral values is sought to be derived from some religious sanction. Thus rel gious have atter pted to erect a system and declare Gcd's law through the mouh Av.tar or Prophet. Sach s stems have proved more d;namic and powerful than the dry ethical idea. But qute often they condici with wht season can support or they are so ingrained in certain religious dogmas that they cannot hv. In this spiritual consciousness and in the knowledge and the cffec ivity it delivers, there is the fulfilment of the highest that morality and religion in their deepest core seek but fail to realise. It replaces the moral law by progressive law of self-perfection spontaneously exp. ressing itself through the individual nature. No more in this upe.ation is the imposition of a rule or an impera. Jain Education Intemational

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SMRITI GRANTH tive on the individual nature; the spiritual law respects the individual nature, modifies it and perfects it, and in this sense it is unique for each individual and can be known and made operative only by a change of co nsciousness and by an entry into the real self. In its progressive movement, it may, if necessary, permit a short or a long period of governance by a moral law, but always as a provisional device and always looking for going beyond into a plane of a spontaneous expre ssion of the Right and the Gocd. To the spiritual consciousness, moral virtue is not valuable in itself. but as an expression of a complex of certain qualities which are for the time being for a given individual no cessary and useful in an upward journey. Again, for the spiritual consciousness, what is commonly called a vice has, too, behind it, a complex of certain qualities which have a cetain utility in the economy of Nature, and can therefore be converted by placing them in their right place, into a complement to what lies in consci ousress behind the commonly called virtues. Spirituality is not confied to the aspect of conduct; the conduct dealt with by morality is only a minor aspect of the totality of works, inner no less than outer. Spiritual consciousness includes all these works and strives by the method of a progressive change of consciousness for the perfect expression of all the aspects of the works and this striving it realises also the unity of works with the highest Knowledge and the deepest Love. Religion to is an attempt to include all aspects of works and to arrive at some sort of unity of works with knowledge and love; but once again, its method is mechanical, mental, moral and dogmatic and, instead of arriving at a compehension of all the values. it ends only in a system of compromises. The progressive law of the spiritual development may permit, if necessary, a short or a long period of govern:nc: of the individual or of the race by religion, but only as a provisional device: what it always makes for is a passage beyond into the plane of a comprehensive consciousness where the distinctive religious methods disappear or cease to have any fundam:ntal or useful meaning To the spiritual consciousness, religion is not valuable es form, but only in so far as it may aid the to igoant consciousness of man to turn towards something hat is deeper and higher and, even the. e, it stresses e necessity for every man to have his cwn distinctive igion. And, again, for the spiritual consciousness, at is commonly called agnosticism, scepticism, atheism. 99 positivism or free thinking, has behind it a concern and a demand for a direct knowledge, which, if rightly understood, recognised, respected and fulfilled, would become a powerful complement to what lies in consciousness behind the commonly accepted religious qualities of faith and unquestioning acceptance of dogmatic teachings and injunctions. For spirituality always looks behind the form to the essence and to the living consciousness; and in doing so, it brings to the surface that which lies behind, and its action is therefore of a new creation. Spirituality transcends the forms and methods of morality and religion and creates and recreates its own living and progressively perfecting forms. In the words of Sri Aurobindo: "Spirituality is in its essence an awakening to the inner reality of our being, to a spirit, self, soul which is other than our mind, life and body, an inner aspiration to know, to feel, to be that, to enter into contact with the greater Reality beyond and pervading the universe which inhabits also our own being, to be in communion with It and union with It, and a turning, a conversion, a transformation of our whole being as a result of the aspiration, the contact, the union, a growth or waking into a new becoming or new being, a new self. a new nature." (ii) Spirituality and spiritual values and the methods of realising them are distinctive and must not be confused with either morality or religion, and their methods. The method of spirituality is purely yogic, and nothing short of Yoga can bring about the realisation of the spiritual values. A more learning about Yoga is not Yoga, and even the most catholic book on Yoga cannot be a substitute for the direct yogic practice of an inner change of consciousness by which one can perceive and realise the inner and higher Self and trasform the working of the outer instruments of nature. Nor can Yoga be practised in a casual way or only as a part-time preoccupation Yoga to be properly practised must be taken as a sereg and central occupation and must govern and permeats every aspect of life and its activity. Then alone can there be any promise of realisation of the spiritual values. (iii) An education that aims at the inculcation of spiritual values and at the reconciliation of these values with the dyn mic demands of life must also be as

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100 BHARATIYA ASMITA PART II radical and uncompromising as Yoga itself. It would He must know that all are equal spiritually and he not do merely to prescribe a few graded books on must not merely exercise tolerance, but have a global morality of spirituality and to allot a certain fixed comprehension and understanding. quantum of hours to the study of these books. Spiri- He must not have any sense of essential superiority tuality is a living process and spiritual or true education over his students nor preference nor attachment whatis a process of kindling lights which cannot be done soever for one or another. except by the Light that can kindle. Again, spiritual Whatever subject he teaches, he should enter into values are central and supreme values and they must the very heart of it, and in doing so, he must go therefore govern and penetrate as such all the values and aspects of education. beyond the level where thinking proceeds by words, and enter into a plane where thinking proceeds by pure In practical terms, this would mean the dynamic conception and ideation; and finally, he must enter Presence and Influence of the Teacher or teachers who into the consciousness where khowledge is acquired have unveiled the inner Light and who in their own expressed through direct experience. consciousness comprehend the underlying spiritual truth and unity in the various branches of knowledge. The teacher in fact must be a yogi in order to dis charge his responsibilities. And the greatest Master is Moreover, life itself is the great teacher of life; and, much less a Teacher than a Presence pouring the divine therefore, unless spiritual values are the very atmosphere consciousness and its constituting light and power and and life-breath of the educational environment, they purity and bliss into all who are receptive around him. cannot be truly cr effectively brought home to the He does not arrogate to himself Guruhood in a humastudents. nly vain and self-exalting spirit. In the words of Sri Aurobindo, "His work, if he has one, is a trust from These conditions can be realised only in the Ashram system which not only admits the young ones for their above, he himself a channel, a, vessel or a representati ve. He is a man helping his brothers, a child leading basic or higher education, but creates a spiritual life and atmosphere through an advanced children, a Light kindling other lights, an awakened training and research in spiritual values, in which the students can Soul awakening souls, at highest a Power or presence of the Divine calling to him other powers of the actively participate, and, even in a real sense, can Divine." contribute to the spiritual progress of their teachers. It is recogoised that it is exter mely difficult to (V) The pursuit of the spiritual values is in fact the fulfil these conditions; but it is equally true that there pursuit and cultivation of the truths and powers of two is no other way. overruling aspects of personality, viz., what we have c.lled the psychic and spiritual. (iv) The role that the teacher has to play in this conception of education demands of him certain special The psychic being is the real individual, the real qualities. The function of th: teacher is to enable and person behind all personalities; it is the integrating cento help the student to educate himself, to develop his ter which, little by little, projects itself into the body, own intellectual, moral, aesthetic and practical capacities 1.fe and mind, in proportion to their right development, and to grow freely as an organic being, not to be knea- and suffuses them with its light and purity and establided and pressured into form like an inert plastic material. shes by its progressive governance a harmony of the different parts of the being. It is that which knows its The teacher must have complete self-control not real mission as an individual expression in the totality only to the extent of showing no anger but to that of of all the ind viduals in the world a mission that is remaining absolutely quiet and undisturbed under all circumstances. un que to itself. Its goal is a higher realisation upon carth and its law of action is that of mutuality and In the matter of self-confidence he must also have unity and utter dependence on the Supreme. the sense of the relativity of his importance. Above all, the teccher must have the knowledge that he himself While the psychic is the inmost and deepest being inust progress if he wants his students to progress, in us, the spiritual is the higher and transcendental. must not renain satisfied with what he is or with While the psychic life is the life immortal, endless space what he needs. ever progressive change, unbroken continuity in the Jain Education Intemational

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orld of forms, the spiritual consciousness, on the her hand, means to live the infinite and the eternal, throw oneself outside all creation, beyond time and pace. SMRITI GRANTH And there is still an integrating supramental conscioness, which reconciles the transcendental tendency of le spiritual and the immanent tendency of the psychic. PSYCHIC AND SPIRITUAL EDUCATION Some Practical Hints A complete psychic and spiritual education is a fe-long process, and yet, in so far as they truly give eaning to the life-development, they must determine he entire process of the education of the child and the puth. In fact, they must truly be the starting-point of Heducation. A few indications and ideas which would overn this programme of education are given below. (a) It may first be noted that a good many children fe under the influence of the psychic presence which hows itself very distinctly at times in their spontaneous actions and even in their words. All spontaneous ting to love, truth, beauty, knowledge, nobility, eroism, is a sure sign of the psychic influence. (b) To recognise these reactions and to encourage em wisely and with a psychic feeling would be the rst indispensable step. (c) It is also important to note that to say good ords, give wise advice to a child has very little effects, one does not show by one's living example the truth f what one teaches. The best qualities to develop in ildren are sincerity, honesty, straight-forwardness, surage, disinterestedness, unselfishness, patience, enduince, perseverance, peace, calm, and self control; and ey are taught infinitely better by example than by atiful speeches. (d) The role of the teacher is to put the child upon le right road to his own perfection and encourage him follow it, watching, suggesting, but not imposing or terfering. The method of suggestion is by personal ample, daily conversation and the bocks read from ly to day. (e) These books should contain, for the younger adent, the lofty examples of the past, given not as bral lessons but as things of supreme human intrest, d for the elder student, the great thoughts of great s, the passages of literature which set fire to the 101 highest emotions and prompt the highest ideals and aspirations, the records of history and biography which exemplify the living of those great thoughts. noble emotions and aspiring ideals.. (f) Cpportunities should be given to the students, within a limited sphere, of embodying in action the deeper and nobler impulses which rise within them. (g) The undesirable impulses and habits should not be treated harshly. The child should not be scolded except with a definite purpose and only when indispensable. Particularly, care should be taken not to rebuke a child for a fault which one commits oneself. Children are very keen and clear-sighted observers: they soon find out the educator's weaknesses and note them without pity. (h) When a child makes a mistake, one must see that he confesses it to the teacher or the guardian spontaneously and frankly; and when he has confessed. he should be made to understand with kindness and affection what was wrong in the movement and that he . should not repeat it. A fault confessed must be forgiven. The child should be encouraged to think of wrong impulses not as sins or offences but as symptoms of a curable disease, alterable by a steady and sustained effort of the will-falsehood being rejected and replaced by truth, fear by courage, selfishness by sacrifice and renunciation, malice by love. (i) A great care should be taken that unformed virtues are not rejected as faults. The wildness and recklessness of many young natures are only the overflowings of an excessive strength, greatness and nobility. They should be purified, not discouraged. (j) An affection that sees clear, that is firm yet gentle and sufficiently practical knowledge will create bonds of trust that are indispensable for the educator to make education of the child effective. (k) When the child asks a question, he should not be answered by saying that it is stupid or foolish, or that the answer will not be understood by him. Curiosity cannot be postponed, and an effort must be made to answer the question truthfully and in such a way as to make the answer accessible to the brain of the hearer. (1) The teacher should ensure that the child gradually begine to aware of the psychological centre of his being, the psychic being, the seat within of the highest

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102 BHARATIYA ASMITA PART II truth of our existence, that which can manifest this truth.. know and (m) With this growing awareness, the child should be taught to concentrate on this presence and make it more and more a living fact. (n) The child should be taught that whenever there is an inner uneasiness, he should not pass it off and try to forget it, but should attened to it, and try to find our by an inner observation the cause of the uneasiness so that it can be removed by inner or other methods. still another exercise; whenever there is a disagreement on any matter, as a decision to take, or an act to accomplish, one must not stick to one's own conception or point of view. On the contary, one must try to understand the other person's point of view, put oneself in his place and, instead of quarrelling or even fighting find out a solution which can reasonably satisfy both parties, there is always one for men of goodwill. And there are many such exercises. A wide, subtle, rich, complex, attentive and quiet and silent mind is an asset not only for the psychic and spiritual discovery, but also for manifesting the psychic and spiritual truths and powers. (0) It should be emphasised that if one has a sincere and steady aspiration, a persistent and dynamic will, one is sure to meet in one way or another, externally by study and instruction, internally by concentration, revelation and experience, the help one needs to reach the goal. Only one thing is absolutely indispensable : the will to discover and realise. This discovery and this realisation should be the primary occupation of the being, the pearl of great price which one should acquire at any cost. Whatever one does, wh-tever cne's occupation and activity, the will to find the truth of one's being and to unite with it must always be living, always present behind all that one dces and that one experiences, all that one thinks. (ii) The vital being in us is the seat of impulses and desires, of enthusiasm and violence, of dynamic energy and desperate de pression, of passions and revolt. The vital is a good worker, but most often it seeks its own satisfaction. If that is refused totally or even partially, ii gets vexed, sulky and goes on strike. An exercise at these moments is to remain quiet and refuse to act. For it is important to realise that at such times one does stupid things and in a few minutes candestoy or spoil what one has gained in months of regular effort, losing thus all the progress made. (p) There are aspects of the mental, vital and physical development which contribute to the psychic and spiritual education. They can be briefly mentioned : Another exercise is to deal with the vital as one deals with a child in revolt, with patience and persevera nce showing it the truth and light, endeavouring to convince it and awaken in it the good will which for a moment was veiled. (1) In its natural state the human mind is always limited in its vision, narrow in its understanding, rigid in its conceptions, and a certain effort is needed to enlarge it, make it supple and deep. Hence, it is very necessary to develop in the child the inclination and capacity to consider everything from as many points of view as possible. There is an exercise in this connection which gives greater suppleness and elevation to thought It is as follows. A clearly formulated thesis is set; against it is opposed the anti-thesis, formulated with the same precision. Then by careful reflection the pro- blem must be widened or transcended so that a syrthesis is found which unites the two contrarics in a larger, higher and more comprehensive idea.. Another exercise is to control the mind from judging things and people. For true knowledge belongs to a region much higher than that of the human mind, even beyond the region of pure ideas. The mind has got to be made silent and attentive in order to receive know- ledge froin above and manifest it.. A wide and strong, calm but dynamic vital capable of right emotion, right decision, and right execution by force and energy, is an invaluable aid to the psychic and spiritual realisations. (iii) The body by its nature is a docile and faithfal instrument. But it is very often misused by the mind with its dogmas, its rigid and arbitrary principles, and by the vital with its passions, its excesses and dissipations. It is thes which are the cause of the bodily fatigue, exhaustion and disease. The body must therefore be free from the tyranny of th: mind and of the vital; and this can be done by training the body to feel and sense the psychic presence within and to learn to obey its governance. The emphasis on the development of strength, suppleness, calm, quiet, poise, grace and beauty in physical education Jain Education Intemational

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103 ----- SMRITI GRANTH - will ensure the contact of the body with the (d) A great stress falls upon the individual work psychic centre and the body will learn to put forth at by the student. This individual work may be a result every minute the effort that is demanded of it, for it of the students' own wish to follow a particular topic will have learnt to find rest in action, to replace throu- of interest; or it may be a result of a suggestion from gh contact with the universal forces the energies it the teacher but accepted by the student. It may be of spends consciously and usefully. By this sound and the nature of a follow-up of something explained by balanced life a new harmony will manifest in the body, the teacher, or it may be of the nature of an original reflecting the harmony of the regions which will give it line of inquiry. the perfect proportions and the ideal beauty of form. This "individual work may be pursued in several It will then be in a constant process of transformation, different ways: and it will be possible for it to escape the necessity of disintegration and destuction, and death. (i) by a quiet reflction or meditation; (q) At a certain stage of development, when the (ii) by referring to books-or relevant protions of seeking of the student is found to be maturing; he can books suggested by the teacher; be directed more and more centrally to the psychic (iii) by working on "work sheets" prepared for the and the spiritual discovery. And here we come to yoga students by the teachers; proper, the nature and problems of which have to be (iv) by consultation or interviews with the teachers; studied separately. (v) by carrying out experiments; A SUITABLE ORGANISATION FOR THE PSY CHIC (vi) by solving problems: AND SPIRITUAL EDUCATION (vii) by writing compositions; -FREE PROGRESS SYSTEM (viii) by drawing, designing, painting, etc. . An education governed by spiritual values stands in or need of a very fi.xible structure of organisation. A brief (ix) by any other work, such as decorating, cooking, description of the salient features of such a structure carpentry, stitching, embroidery, etc.* that is growing at the Ashram as a result of several experiments made there in this direction is given below: (e) There are topics in each subject where lectures are useful; and for these top.cs, lectures are organised; (a) The structure is oriented towards the meeting but these lecture classes are comparatively fewer than of the varied needs of the students, each one of whom those obtained in the classical system. This necessitates has his own special problems of developments; the announcement of time-tables every week. (b) It is not merely the subjects of study that () There are also classes of discussions between should count in education; the aspiration, the need for teachers and students and between students and growth, experience of freedom, possibility of educating students. These discussion classes again are not componeself, self-experimentation, discovery of the inner ulsory. However, the discussions do not pertain merely needs and their relation with the programme of studies, to academic subjects; they often centre round the indiand the discovery of the aim of life and the vidual needs of growth, and thus, they provide an oppo-. Sart of life--these are much more impo; tant, and the rtunity for guiding the students in their finner search. structure of organisation must provide for them; (g) In each subject, there are topics which more (c) In this system, cach student is free to study easily yield to the project system; teachers therefore any subject he chooses at any given time; but this announce a few projects in each subject, the students Freedom; has to be guided; the student should experience freedom; but it might be misused; the student his according to their choice select at least a minimum number of projects for which they collectively or india therefore to be watched with care, sympathy and wisdom; vidually work and produce charts, monographs, designs, he teacher must be a friend and a guide, must not etc. which are periodically exhibited for the benefit mpose himself, but may interven when necessary. of the whole school. the wastage of opportunities given should not be lowed indefinitely. But when to intervene depends (h) The role of the teacher in this system may be hon the discretion of the teacher. summed as follows: Jain Education Intemational

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104 2. BHARATIYA ASMITA PART ITTo aid the student in uncovering the inner will to aim in the sciences that make for knowledge should be grow and to progress-that should be the constant to discover and understand the workings of the Divine endeavour of the teacher : Consciousness-Puissarce in man and creatures and things and forces, her creative significances, her execuTo evolve a programme of education for each stu tion of the mysteries, the symbols in which she arranges dent in accordance with the felt needs of student's the manifestation. The Yogin's aim in the practical growth; to watch the students with deep sympathy, sciences, whether mental and physical or occult and understanding and patience, ready to intervene and psychic, should be to enter into the ways of the Divine guide as and when necessary, to stimulate the students and his processes, to know the materials and means with striking words, ideas, questions, stories, projects for the work given to us so that we may use that and programmes; this should be the main work of the teachers; knowledge for a conscious and faultless expression of the spirit's mastery, joy and self-fulfilment. The Yogin's But to radiate inner calm and cheerful dynamism so aim in the Arts should not be a mere aesthetic, mental as to create an atmosphere conducive to the develop- or vital gratification, but, seeing the Divine everywhere, ment of higher faculties of inner knowledge and intui. worshipping it with a revelation of the meaning of its tion--that may be regarded as the heart of the work works, to express that One Divine in gods and men and of the teachers.. creatures and objects. The theory that sees an intimate (i) An adequate organisation of the above working connection between religious aspiration and truest and of the Free Progress System would heed the following: greatest Art is in essence right; but we must substitute for the mixed and doubtful religious motive a spiritual (1) A Room or Rooms of Silence, to which students aspiration, vision, interpreting experience." who would like to do uninterrupted work or would like of Free The above-mentioned system Progress to reflect or meditate in silence can go as and when they like; Classes and the new vision of the knowledge necessitate new types of text-books and reference books. And (2) Rooms of Consultations, where students can here too, the teachers in the Ashram are engaged in meet their teachers and consult them on various points writing of such new books. This work is a most of their seeking; pioneering adventure in education, and it has involved (3) Rooms of Collaboration, where students can teachers in a long, difficult and arduous path of Research. work in collaboration with each other; There are, golden reaches of our consciousness, and (4) Lecture Rooms, where teachers can hold discu from them and from the reaches intermediate between ssions with their students and wher they can deliver them and our ordinary mental consciousness there have lectures-short or long-according to the need. descended forces and forms which have become emboThe study of each subject can be so directed that died in literature, philosophy, science, in music, dance, it leads ultimately to the discovery of the fundamental art, architecture, sculpture, in great and heroic deeds truths underlying the subject. These fundamental truths and in all that is wonderful and precious in the diffefrom ultimately a unity, and at a higher stage a rent organised or as yet unorganised aspects of life. To philosophical study of this unity would itself contribute put the students in contact with these, eastern or westo the deepening of the sense of Truths which directly tern, ancient or present, would be to provide them with helps in the maturity of the psychic and spiritual or the air and atmosphere in which they can breathe an yogic aspiration. inspiration to reach again to those peaks of conscious ness and to create still newer forms and forces which The sense of the unity of the truths would also would bring the golden day nearer for humanity. contribute to the reconciliation of the various branches of knowledge, thus leading to the harmony of Science, The teachers and scholars at the Ashram are preoPhilosophy, Technology and Fine Arts. In the spiritual ccupied with this work, and their research work in this or yogic vision, there is an automatic perception of direction is contained not only in their published or this unity, and in the teaching of the various subjects unpublished books, but also in the actual contents of the teacher can always direct the students to this their day-to-day work and lectures and in their orgaonity, in the wards of Sri Aurobindo : "The Yogin's nisations of exhibitions, of dance, drama, music, and Jain Education Intemational

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SMRITI GRANTH 105 (iv) Thought control, rejection of undesirable thoughts so that one may, in the end, think only what one wants and when one warts; (v) Development of mental silence, perfect calm and a more and more total receptivity to inspirations coming from the higher regions of the being. numerous other educational activities. An adequ..te account of this work would fill a volume. It is in the context of this vibrating and powerful process of the psychic and spiritual education that the activities of the physical, vital and mental education are set and worked out at the Ashram. In euch of these fields, again, there are specialists in the Ashram who are cngaged in various activities of experimentation. (The following is a very brief account of the conclusions of the research conducted at the Ashram in the physical, vital and mental education and of the present organisation of the activities in this field at the Sri Aurobindo Intern: tional Centre of Education. ) MENTAL EDUCATION The mental f.culties should first be exercised on things, afterwards on words and ideas. "Our dealings with language," writes Sri Aurobindo, " are much too perfanctory and the absence of a fine sense for words impoverishes the intellect and limits the finanss and truth of its operation. The mind should be iccustomed to notice the word thoroughly, its form, sound and sc.1se; then to compare the form with other similar forms in the points of similarity and difference, thus forming the foudation of the giamm.t cal sense; then to distinguish between the fine shades of sense of s.milar words and the formation and thythm of different sentences, thus forming the foundation of the literary and the synthetical faculties. All this should be done informally, drawing on the curiosity and interest, avoiding set teaching and mcmorising of rules. The true knowledge takes its base on things, a tha, and only when it has mastered the thing, proceeds to formalise its information." (1) All the processes and methods of mental education can best be determined by the knowledge of the nature of the Mind. Mind, as we reg i'd it, is primarily a faculty of understanding : all understanding again, is a discovery of a centre rourd which the ideas or things in question are held together. Mental education then is a process of training the mind of the student to arrive at such central conceptions round which the widest and the most complex and subtle ideas can b: assimilated and integrated Multiplicity of ideas, richness of ideas, totality of points of view these should grow by a developed power of observation and concentration and by a wideness of interests. Care should be taken to see that the central ideas are not imposed upon the growing mind--that would be the dogmatic method, which tends to atrophy the mind. The mind should grow towards the central ideas, they must come as a discovery of the mind, they must come as a result of a rigorous exercise of the speculative faciliy. It is again found that even these central conceptions point still to a beyond, to their own essential Meaning, which can be glimpsed and conceived by the mind, bit which cannot be held and possessed fully in experience by the mind. This pint murk: the climax of the mental development as also a clea sign of the limitation of the mind. Having reached there its offic. is to fall into a contemplation of slence and to open to the higher realms of experience, to receive clearly and precisely the intuitions and inspirations from those higher realms, and to give creative exp.ession to them. To train the mind on these lines, there are five phases of the programme : (1) Development of the power of concentrstin, the capacity of attention; (ii) Development of the capacities of expansion, wideness, complexity, and richniss; A stress should fall not only upon understanding, but also upon criticism and control cf ideas. Not only comprehension, synthesis and creativity, not only judg. men', imagination, memory and obscrvation, but also the critical functions of comparison, reasoning, deduction, inference and conclusion. Both the aspects of the human reas n are cssential to the comleteness of the mental training (iii) Organisation of ideas round a central idea or a higher ideal or a supremely luminous idea that will trve as a guide in life; One of the best methods is to creute an atmosphere in which the massive and powerful ideas are constantly being thrown as a stimulation and a challenge impelling the students to arrive at them or strive to grasp and assimilate them. Jain Education Intemational

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106 BHARATIYA ASMITA PART II Thinkers alone can produce thinkers; and unless the teachers are constantly in the process of building up great thoughts and ideas, it is futile to expect a sound or vigorous mental education. An atmosphere vibrant at once with ideation and silence, an atmosphere surcharged with a synthetic thought and a most integral aspiration, and an atmosphere filled with the widest realisation and a harmonious unity-such an atmosphere is an indispensable condition of the perfect mental education. And such a condition obtains at the Ashram. One of the important aspects of this condition is the international character of the Ashram and of the Centre of Education. An attempt is made here to achieve this in such a way that the different cultures cf the world are accessible to all, not merely intellectually in ideas, theories, principles and languages, but also vitally in habits and customs, in art under all forms such as painting, sculpture, music, architecture, decorative arts and crafts-and physically through dress, games, sports, industries, fcd and even reconstruction of natural scenery. The ideal is that every nation with its distinctive culture should have a contribution of its own to make so that it would find a practical and concrete interast in cultural synthesis and collaborate in the work. A subsidiary problem arising out of this international character is that of the medium of instruction. Most of the students have come here at a very young age and because cf the various languages spoken by the people in the surroundings in which they move and have their activities, they pick up many languages. Two internatioal languages, English and French, are commenly spoken and understood. Most of the children know two three Indian or foreign languages. To nourish this spirit and to perfect expression in the various languages, some subjects are taught in Eng! sh. some in French, and the mother-tongue is tat ght through the same language. A special importance is given to Sanskrit. Quite often lectures and recitations are given in Sanskrit and in other Indian language which are open both to the students and other members of the Ashram. Particular mention may be made of the research and translation work done by the department cf languages. A notable work is Rigveda Bhashya in Sanskrit, with commentaries. A second such achievment is the Vedic Glossary which is unique in the field of Vedic interpre tation. Yet another book (still unpublished) is a work in Sanskrit on Sri Aurobindo's Hymns to the Mystic Fire in the style of traditional Sanskrit commentaries. Similarly, the Chinese Section has translated into Chinese the Bhagavad Gita and Kalidasa's Meghadootam from the original Sanskrit with commentaries. Also translated into Chinese are Sri Aurobindo's On Yoga, Bases of Yoga, Kena and Isha Upanishad and the Mother's Conversations. At the Centre of Education, there is a graded programme of instruction right from the kindergarten to the post-graduate level in languages, mathematics, history, geography, natural sciences and general subjects. in Humanities, which are all taught on the lines and principles indicated above. Classical languages such as Sanskrit, Latin and Tamil; European languages such as English, French, German, Italian and Spanish; and Indian languages such as H.ndi, Bengali, Gujarati, Marathi, Oriya, Telugu and Kannada are also taught. An important feature of the courses is that each subject is regarded as an independent field of study. The progress of the student in each subject is independent of his progress in other subjects. Thus a student can be at different levels in different subjects according to the progress he makes in each of them. There is no artificical barrier between different branches of knowledge; and therefore; throughout the courses, a great sense of unity of knowledge pervades in the pursuits of academic and cultural studies. The Library of the Ashram has about 65,000 volumes numerous collections of educational films, collections of natural history, and additional facilities for the expansion of knowledge. The Library receives nearly 300 mg zines and periodicals related to a variety of subje.ts fr. m all over the world. Young students helped by competent hands to choose and read books. Special exhibitions of literary, artistic or historical interest are crganised and childern encouraged to participate. There are besides meetings for visual education in the open air, at fieque t intervals with the help of instructional and education..I films. There is a department of Information and Research which endeavours to collect the latest materials, books, cuttings, papers, reports, etc to provide the teachers with up-to-date information in various subjects. It is also a stimulating centre for the students for consultation and extra reading.

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SMRITI GRANTH A constant attempt is to present each topic to the student in a challenging way so as to stimulate the student and to excite his interest in the topic. To find new and imaginative methods, to compile materials from various sources, to introduce new concepts and new interpretations in various subjects, to develop new subjects, and above all, to attend in detail to all the psychological faculties and their developments in such a way that the mental education does not veil the soul -this in brief is the endeavour and its spirit. VITAL EDUCATION Vital education aims at the training of the life-force in three directions; (i) to discover its real function and to replace its egoistic and ignorant tendency to be the master by a willingness and a capacity to serve higher principles of the psychological constitution; (ii) to subtilise and sublimite its sensitivity which expresses itself through sensuous and aesthetic activities; and (iii) to resolve and transcend the dualities and contradictions in the character constituted by the vital seekings, and to achieve the transformation of the character. The usual methods of dealing with the vital have been those of coercion, suppression, abstinence and asceticism. But these methods do not give lasting results, and besides, they only help in drying up the drive and dynamism of the life-force; and thus the collaboration of the life-force in self-fulfiment is eliminated. The right training of the vital then is much more subtle and much more difficult, needing endurance, endless persistence and an inflexible will. For what is to be aimed at is not the negation of life but the fulfilment of life by its tranformation First, the powers of the senses have be developed, subtilised and enriched. Next, there are inner and latent senses which are to be discovered and sim larly developed. Third, the seekings of these senses have to be trained to reject grossness and to enjoy the finer tastes and higher aesthesis. Final'y, there has to be a deeper and piercing observ. tion of the desires, passions, ambitions, lusts, etc., their risings, revolts and contrad - etions, and an attempt by various methods to separat But in each movement the elements that contribute to the concord and harmony from those tending in the Opposite direction, and to eliminate these latter from the ery nature and fibre of our psychological constitution. The effective methods of this last aspect are: 107 (i) to instill in the child as soon as possible the will towards progress and perfection; (ii) rational argument, sentiment and goodwill, or appeal to the sense of dignity and self-respect, according to the nature of the child in question: (iii) above all, the example of the educator shown constantly and sincerely; (iv) to insist on the idea that the will can be developed, and that no defeat should be taken as final; (v) to demand from the will the maximum effort, for the will is strengthened by effort. But still the direction in which the effort has to be made can be known only by the training of the mind and by the opening of the secret knowledge that is within us. To develop therefore in the vital place the habit to open to this light and to act in that light would be to place the vital in its proper place as a will-force executing the inner and higher knowledge. In the actual practice, the ideas on vital education can be implemented by: (a) a special emphasis on the study of Science in which sense-observation requires to be greatly cultivated and made very precise; (b) a great stress on audio-visual methods, taking, however, care to see that these aids do not become a bar to the children's own discovery of things and their aspects by their own observation; (c) a stress on the different kinds of fine arts and craf.s; (d) an organisation of the activities in which the dynamic participation by the students is encouraged so as to give them the opportunity to maximise their effort and the exercise of their will: (e) condition in which what is valued most is not the result, but application and doing one's best; (f) conditions in which inner observation and introspection are ere urged enabling the students to analyse the inner dual ties and contradictions with a will to change and transform the character; (g) conditions in which the need for outer advice is minimum, and in which the work of change of the students' character is sought by example, presence, influence and inner work on the part of the teachers.

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108 BHARATIYA ASMITA PART II It is on these lines that the Ashram has organised its activities leading towards the perfection of the vital cducation. The life energy is channelised in disciplined and fruitful directions; the principle of assigning responsibility and leadership in diffenrent activities so as to develop courage and heroism is given its full value and practical application. Several of the Captain in the Physical Education Department are students; advanced students are given some responsible work or even teaching work at the Centre of Education. Besides, students are encouraged to develop the qualities of straightforwardness, uprightness, frankness and honour. The child is expected and allowed to think for himself and act according to what he thinks best; advice is given where needed but nothing is imposed. Care is taken to provide a surrounding in which the child can feel that he is a responsible and free for his self-expression and true-expression by which alone he can be a harmonious part of the world. The activities in physical education are so designed that the students get the opportunity to develop the team spirit, the qualities of collaboration, 'friendliness to competitors, self-control, scrupulous observance of the laws of the game, fair play, and avoidance of the use of foul means, an equal acceptance of victory or dcfeat without bed humour, a ready obedience to the command of the captain and a loyal acceptance of the decision of the refree. The competitions in the physical cducation are so conducted as to give the highest value to the maximum effort rather than to the results of the competitions. PHYSICAL EDUCATION This brings us to the physical education proper. The physical is our base, and even the highest spiritual values, to be effective on the earth, must express themselves through the life that is embodied here, Sariram khalu dharms sadhanam, says the old Sanskrit adage--the body is the means of fulfilment of dharma, and dharma means every ideal which we can propuse to ourselves and the law of its working out and its action. of all the domaains of education, the psysical is the one most completely governed by method, order discipIne, procedure. All education of the body must be rigorous, detailed, foreseeing and methodical. The education of body has three principal aspects: The students who show interest and talent in ait, music, photography, crafts, etc., are given every facility to develop themselves in these directions. There is a provision for teaching music-vocal and instrumental (both Eastern and Western). Gifted artists are in charge of guiding the students in drawing and painting. There is also a provision for learning the Indian system of dance and Western Ballet. Similarly, there are arrangements for students to participate in works of applied science carried out by the various departments of the Ashram, such as printing press, cottage industries, tailoring, embroidery, paper manufacturing, farms, building service, workshops for automobile and metal work, bakery, dairy, laundry, medical establishments, etc. In addition, there is a technical course which students can take up along with their academic studies. Also, there is a Home Science and Nursing Course for those students who show interest in these filds. There is also a course in weaving and other Cuttg Industries. (1) control and discipline of functions; (in a total methodical and harmonious development of all the paits and movements of the body, and (ii) rectification of defects and deformities, if there are any. The physical education must be based upon a kaowledge of the human b dy, its suructure and its functieas. And the formation of the habits of the body must be in consonance with that knowledge. Besides, throughout the year there ire varied progremmes of dramatics, dancing and vocal instrumental music. Every Saturday, there is a programme largely arranged by the students under the guidance of the teachers which endeavours to meet the speci: I needs for artistic and cultural expressions The child should be taught right from the early stage the right position, postures ard movements. A similar training should be with regard to the choice of food. The child must develop the taste for food that is simple ard healthy, substantial and appetising. He must avo d all that merely stuffs and causes heaviness; particularly, he must be taught to eat according to his hunger and not make food an cccasion to satisfy his g.eed and gluttony. The child should also be taught the taste for cleanliness and hygienic habits. It is important to impress upon the child that he is not Exhibitions are organised thioughout the year in which the maximum participation of the students is sought. Jain Education Intemational

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SMRITI GRANTH. 109 system of exercises. It is noted that the awakening of the Kundalini which is one of the results of the Hatha Yogic Asanas can very well be accomplished by the western system as well. The ladias have more or less the same programme of physical education as men. It is our consolusion that it is a mere prejudice to stress too much a different programme of physical education foi ladies. The year is divided into four seasons; and at the end of the each on, there are competitions and tournaments in the various items of physical education. A complete record of the results is maintained, and there is a comprative study of thes: results with the international standards and achievements in the respective fields. more interesting by being ill; rather the contrary. Children should be taught that to be ill is a sign of failing and inferiority, not a virtue or a sacrifice. In the general programme of education for the children, sports and games should be give a fair place. At the Ashram, detailed experiments have been made on the following problems of sports, games, and general physical education : (1) Comprehensive physical training versus specialised physical training; (2) Can men and women have the same programme of paysical education ? (3) The integration of the Indian and the Western systems of physical educaticn; and (4) Physical education as an integral part of spiritual perfection. The results of these experiments have appeared continuously in the Bulletin of Sri Aurobindo International Centre of Education, which is our official organ since the year 1949. A brief description of the present methods and organisation of the physical education at the Ashram will give an idea as to how the solution of the various problems are being worked out. The Ashram has organised a well-knit Association, called J. S. A. S. A. (Jeuness Sportive de l'Ashram de Sri Aurobindo). To this Association are admitted Atudents from the age of 6 onwards and there are members of this Association who are over the age of 75. For it is understood that is never too soon to begin nor too late to continue. All the members are divided into several groups according to age, and for fach group, there is a time-table suited to that agegroup. Normally, students are required to allot nearly wo hours daily to physical education throughout the whole year. (There is no vacation.) The programme of physical training is carefully organised: it consists of Athletics, gymnastics, aquatics, combatives and Indian ind Western games. Every students, instead of specialiling in one or two items, participates in all the aspects physical education; the lack in high specialistion more than compensated by the wide and synthete Kaining of all the parts and aspects of the body. But fill there is also a provision for specialisation at a gher stage, for thc se who would choose specialisation. An attempt is made to integrate the truths of the atha Yoga with the principles underlying the western Facilities for carring out the programme of physical education are numerous: a stadium with a 400 meter cinder track with provision for field events, grounds for football and cricket, and a swimming pool 33. 1/3 metres built to Olympic specification with an attached pool for children and a large gallery for spectators. Besides, there are two tennis courts, two grounds for basketball and volley ball, a pit for Indian wrestling, a ring for boxing and a doj) for Japanese Judo, a large courtyard and a gymnasium with the most modern equipment. Individual attention is paid to each mamber and steps are taken to inculcate an aspiration in the young. sters to have not only a healthy body but also a form of grace, symmetry and beauty. Members are encouraged to make the body increasingly supple and responsive. Nourishment of the children is given prime importance. Good, healthy and nutritious food is provided to the children and the physical education provided to them ensures good health. Besides there is a periodical health examination and dental check-up conducted by efficient doctors. Those who need to follow up a treatment are given careful attention. The massage clinic helps the injured and those who specially need its service to relieve them of pain and stiffness which some people experience after their course of training. There is also an X-Ray Department aitached to the Medical Section. A system of body measurements with posture photographs and tests is also conducted to help the children know how they are growing and to see if the development is in the line of good proportion and harmony. Special exercises are given to those who need them in order to bring harmony and proportion and to correct defective formation and bad posture. Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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110 BHARATIYA ASMITA PART II TOWARDS THE FUTURE We may conclude this brief analysis of the various aspects of education by quoting the following words of the Mother: "As we rise to this degree of perfection which is our goal, we shall perceive that the truth we seek is made up of four major aspects: Love, Knowledge, Power and Beauty. These four attributes of the Truth will apontaneously express themselves in our being. The psychic will be the vehicle of true and pure love. the mind that of infallible knowledgt, the vital will manife st an invincible power and strength and the body will be the expression of a perfect beauty and perfect harmony." A complete realisation of this ideal would also mean what the Mother calls the supramental education. And an attempt at this highest education is one of the most difficult tasks in the research work of the Ashram. A brief idea of the motive and nature of the supramental education is given by the Mother in the following words: "From beyond the frontiers of form, a new force can be evoked, a power.... which by its emergence, will be able to change the course of things and bring forth a new world. For the true solution of the problem of suffering, ignorance and death is not the individual escape by self-annihilation from earthly miseries into the non-manifest. nor a probtematical collective ascape from universal suffering by an integral and final return of the creation to its creator, thus curing the universe by abolishing it, but a transformation, a total transfigu. xation of matter brought about by the logical continua. tion of Nature's ascending march in her progress towords perfection, by the creation of a new species that will be in relation to min what man is in relation to the animal and that will manifest upon earth a new force, a new consciousness and a new power. Than will begin also a new education which can be called the suparmental education; it will, by its all-powerful acti on, work not only upon the consciousness of the indi vidual being, but upon the very substance of which they are built and upon the environment in which thep live. Contrary to the type of education we have spoken of hitherto that progresses from below upward through as ascending movement of the different parts of the being, the supramental education will progress from above downward, its influence spreading from one state of being to another till the final state, the physical, is reached. This last transformotion will happen in a visi ble manner only when the inner states of being have already been considerably transformed. It would therefore be quite unreasonable to try to judge the prasence of the supremental by physical appearances. The physical is the last to change. and the supramental can be at work in a being long before something of it becomes perceptible in the life of the body. "In brief, one can say that the supramental education will result not merely in a progressive developing formation of the human nature, an increasing growth its latent faculties, but a transformation of the being in its entirety, a new ascent of the species above and beyond man towards supermen, leading in the end to the appearance of the divine race upon earth." COD W G@GOZ 6-ttuttu pottu ITH BEST COMPLIMENTS From 9 TS@=(c) +=G? A WELL WISHER 02 00

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The Middle Palaeolithic cultures of India, central and western Asia and Europe SUMMARY The typology of the Indian Middle Palaeolithic postulates relations with western and central Asia, even Europe, rather than with Africa. Even if no fossil men of that period have yet been found, one can expect them to belong to the Neanderthal race. A detailed study (Sankalia, 1964, 1969) of the industries called Series II, or the Middle Stone Age or the Middle Palaeolithic or the Nevasian, shows that these tools have a very wide extent, covering the whole of Maharashtra, Mysore (but excluding the coastal areas which have not been explored), Tamil Nadu or Madras (perhaps excluding the extreme south, though this needs fresh exploration), Andhra excluding the West and East Godavari Districts), Orissa, West Bengal (excluding the deltaic regions), Bihar and Uttar Pradesh (excluding the Gangetic Valley proper), the whole of Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat-Saurashtra (though pdrhaps absent in the Sabarmati Valley), East and West Rajasthan, Sindh, and East and West Punjab. For Sindh no stratigraphical evidence is available, but such evidence can be had in Kutch, and so where the Indus alluvium and sand has not completely hidden the older rocks, these implements are likely to be found. In particular, a search should be made on the Baluchi hill slopes, for if such tools are found there. they might give a clue to the development of the later blade industries. The occurrences of this culture in the Sanghau cave near Peshawar (Dani, 1964) not only extends its limits, but brings it to the very fringe of the Lavalloiso-Lousterian Cultures recently discovered in Afghanistan, central Asia and Iran, and in two instantes in associat: ion with Neanderthal-type burials and human skeletons. This widening frontier or horizon has necessitated reconsideration of the cultural affinities of this culture India with that of similar cultures in Africa, weste'n Europe, western and central Asia. Such a consideration will also help in refixing the designation of this culture India and Pakistan, At the outset we may say that the conditions are hore favourable for suc. a discussion than six years o (Sankal.a, u, in the first place, more evidence H. D. Sankalia, Deccan Collage, Poona 6 (India) has been produced from India and central Asia. Second and this is very important, we have had the benefit of the views of Professor Boriskovsky (Personal communication, 1967), who studied the Indian material at the Deccan Collge for three weeks. Thus there is one scholar who knows and has handled the European, central Asia and Indian material. Before embarking upon such an extensive comparison we should very briefly note the culture's (a) stratigraphical position, (b) chief features, and (c) general position in the evolution of the stone-using cultures in India. Enough evidence has been cited to show that the tools assigned to the Middle Stone Age or Middle Palaeolithic occur in sandy, at times cross-beded, gravels which lie between the earlier or earliest pebbly gravel and the topmost sandy gravel and brown silt. At Haripur on the Banganga river, District Kangra now in Himachal Pradesh, these tools are found in the slit of Terrace II (Mohapatra, 1666), from below. The pebbly gravel contains a pebble tool and hand-axe cleaver industry, while the top gravels include variously blade and microlithic industries. True blade and burin industries, comparable to the western European and Palestinian, occur at three or four sites in peninsular India (Murty, 1968). Though not well stratified. their position is invariably above layers associated with the Middle Stone Age industries. The microliths, again, invariably occour in the topmost deposits, which, as will be shown below, in three or four regions at least antedate the Neolithic and Chalcolithic cultures (Sankalia, 1969). Thus the Middle Stone Age industries have an undoubted stratigraphical antiquity. Palaeontologically this is not later than the Late of the Upper Pleistocene and might in fact be the closing stage of the M ddle Pleistocene or the beginning of the Upper. Three C-14 determinations (Agrawal and Kusumgar, 1967) indicate roughly the absolute age of this culture in Maharashtra, which by extrapolation, in view of the close similarity of the tool types and the associated layers in peninsular India with those of the rest of India, we might regard as applicable to or true of the whole of India, a couple of hundred years allowance being made for the

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112 BHARATIYA ASMITA PART II spread (?). or the independent origination of cultures in different parts of India. Thus 30,000-35000 B. P. is here accepted as the date of the Middle Stone Age Culture. The existence of these animals, particularly the elephant, and the laboratory study of a few of the river deposits at Nevasa (persnal communication, Rajaguru, 1968) definitely suggests that the climate in Ahmednagar District, Maharashtra at least, was more humid than today and the river flowed at least 15 ft (5 m) above the present water level. Extrapolating this evedence we might say that the conditions elsewhere in India were not (or could not be) radically different. CHIEF FEATURES OF THE INDUSTRY (INCLUDING ENVIRONMENT) The lithic tool complex or industry comprises : (a) scrapers of various types on flukes, nodules, and occasionally cores; (b) awls' or borers on flakes, nodules and occasionally cores; (c) points of various types on flakes, nodules and occasionally cores; (d) small choppers; (e) small hand-axes and very rarely small cleavers; (f) burins or burin-fact tools, not always intentionally made (both are rare, and stratified examples are few). WESTERN EUROPE On a procentage basis, the industry has to be called a flake industry, though the making of the flake was not essential. For man almost all over India utilized flake-like nodules as well as fiakes for tuinining out a scraper a point or a borer. Our comparative study may start with the "classical " land, namely western Europe where the Middle Palaeolithic has been known for over a hundred years. Here the stone-using cultures which go under the name of Middle Palaeolithic are the Levalloisian and the Mousterian. For instance, there is the latest review by Francois Bordes (1961). He tells us that the Mousterian may be derived from at least two sources : (a) from the Clactonian complex which flourished during the Riss Glacial; (b) from the Acheulian complex of the Last Interglacial (Riss-Wurm). The true Mousterian evolved in the Last Glacial, which has four subdivisions (Wurm I-IV) in France, but in central Europe only threc. In fiaking, direct percussion by a stone hammer figures prominently, though an indirect punch technique was also employed. The full or partical Levallois technique, often called the prepared-core and facetedplatform technique, is evident all over India, bat its use is infrequent and sporadic, and characterizes fine as well as crude material. Among the Mosterian of Acheulian tradition there are ten types of tools, with a number of small handaxes and side scrapers. The tools are comparatively small and could have been used in some cases after hafiting in bone or wood handle-for wood-work, skinning and hunting (with a bow (?) and spear). These in the currently fashionable terminology are light-duty tools. For heavy work. Such as felling trees and digging, heavy, massive tools should have been present. These might be of stone or wood and even bone. In the Evolved Mousterian of Acheulean tradition, the percentage of hand-axes decreases, but the percentage of backed knives and denticulate tools increases. Bladelet cotes now appear. The typical Mousterian includes (a) points, (b) scrapers, and (c) Levallois A.kes. The Denticulate Mousterian has (a) side scrapers, (b) denticulate tools, (c) nc.ched or concave-edged tools and borers. The man wielding these light tools lived not only along the banks of rivers and foothills where the raw material was easily available but sometimes in regions which are towards the interior, and heavily forested today. This could happen because it was easy for man to take these tools along with him. In India as we have seen above, all the elements of the typical Mousterian and Denticulate Mosuterian are present except the denticulate tools. While we can only speculate about his vegetarian diet, his animal diet was not very different from his predecessor's. Of frequent occurrence is the Bos(Cow/ bull), and then the elephant antiquus and eveo lysudri- cus and insignis. The Quina Mousterian has nine types of tools, among which the "lamace " is the most distinctive. Nothing like this has been noticed in the Indian collection so far, though a close, fresh scrutiny of all the collections is necessary. Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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SMRITI GRANTH 113 After a careful tidy of the four groups, Bordes concludes that these four assemblaged cannot be linked to the environment. For it can be shown that the Mousterian people, thoigh living under varied environmental conditions, had the same type of tool assemblages. It is interesting to note Bordes' views that though some of the tools were "crud:", still the assemblages include blades, backed knives and burin-cumend scrapers. These are credited to the Upper Palaeolithic Homo sapiens, but their origin goes buck to the Lite Acheulian and Mousterian timss. Later the Acheulian elements decrease, and the flake and blade-burin elements increase. The Mousterian of Levallois Facies in south-western Asia exhibits widespread use of the Levallois technique and tool types such as side scrapers, points, flake and Sc:apers. The Judean Desert has very little of the biface element, but is marked by various stages of the Mousterian of Levallois facies. CENTRAL SYRIA Important also is the fact that all these four groups are based on typology and not stratigraphy. But the most import nt is the fact that the tools are often "crude", exactly as in the Indian assemblages. Just as the M asterian in France (and western Europe) technologically exhibits several techniques and forms, such as the Devalloisian, blade and the earlier Acheulian-Abbevillian stone-hammer technique of Making, and serves as a bridge between the Early and Late Palaeolithic, at the same time showing its independent character, so also the culture called Middle Stone Age or Palaeolithic in India links the Early and Late Stone Ages through the blade and burin cultures, known hitherto at some sites only. What we have uot yet come across is the typical Mousterian environment: rock shelters and caves and the "cold" fauna. So we may not venture to call our industries or cultures Mousterian. However, there is now no reason not to call them Middle Palaeolithic. For our industries are definitely homotaxial, and can be placed in the Early Upper Pleistocene. It may be, and this is natural, that it had an earlier beginning in France and western Europe, whereas in India, central Asia, Palestine, Iraq and Iran it might have a late beginning and a late end. But unlike the Early Palaeolithic we have a well-marked and dated routed from western Europe across western Asia. The cave near Palmyra has yielded a few hand-axes, side scrapers, points and occasional burins, and the topmost Mousterian has a C-14 determination around 43.000+ 2,000 B. C. THE ZAGROS FOOTHILLS, SOUTH KURDISTAN of the several sites here, Shanidar cave has given varied and most interesting evidence about the Mousterian man, his culture and environment (Solecki, 1961). Three climatic phases are witnessed between 48,000 B.C. and 44,000 B.C. The Mousterian industry which began much earlier shows little change and comprises typical points, borers and scrapers, all made of flint flakes, without any trace of Levalloisian or Acheulian elements. Solecki regards Shanidar Mousterian as a good example of the Mousterian Culture spread, ranging from western Europe and north Africa to central Asia. Not only did it have a larg. but it survived in nooks and corners of the western and eastern worlds. TESHIK TASH, UZBEKISTAN Further castwards, the cave of Teshik-Tash and a few others in Uzbekistan, Soviet Central Asia (Movius, 1953), are very important from our point of view. The Stone industry has typical features of the Indian Middle Palacolithic: onty two limace (slug-shaped tools), but a number of discoidal cores, Levalloistype flakes, but no tortoise cores, scrapers and points with step-flaking, blade fakes from futed cores. And in all these, we are told, a portion of the cortex often adheres to the upper surface. LEVALLOISO-MOUSTERIAN IN THE LEVANT This is useful for two reasons. It provides ge graphical links with the countries adj.cet to indi.. Second, it supplies typological and stratigraphical succession with a few C-14 dates (Howell, 1959). Here the most interesting is the Final Acheulian of Yabrudian Facies. These include a large percentage of hand-axes, four types of sciapers, and a comparatively small Thumber of points and burins. TADJIKISTAN A similar feature is noticed in the cores, scrapers, and points in the Levalloiso-Mousterian Culture reported by Ranov from Tadjikistan, central Asia (Ranov, Jain Education Intemational

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114 1964). A Levalloiso-Mousterian industry comprising scrapers of various kinds, fine points and blades together with a rich fauna has recently been reported from Siberia (Rudenko, 1961). A passing reference might be made to Hey's site in the Wadi Derna on the Libyan littoral, which has a C-14 determination of 43,000 B.C. (McBurney, 1960). SOUTH OF THE SAHARA South of the Sahara, the Fauresmith Culture is regarded as the logical outcome of the Chelles-Acheul and includes small hand-axes, crude cleavers, as weil as several kinds of scrapers, points, flakes and blades, and three types of cores: discoidal, Levallois types and fluted (Clark, 1959). BHARATIYA ASMITA PART II Thus in many respects this mixed feature reminds us of the different aspects of the Indian Palaeolithic, though we must note the absence of heavy-duty tools from the Indian collections. Such tools should have been there. THE SANGOAN The Sangoan from Kalombo Falls was formerly placed between 40.000 and 45,000 years B. P., now both the Fauersmith and the Sangoan have been assigned a date of 38,000 B. C. (Clark, 1965). Discussion R. V. Joshi. What should be the terminology for the Stone Age industries from non-European regions like Africa and India, particularly in the light of present evidence? Early, Middle Late Stone Age, or Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic? Indian Middle Stone Age industries are a group of industries having district regional variations and it would be convenient to adopt more comprehensive terms, such as Middle Stone Age industries, and each regional group should be represented by the type: Nevasian (from Nevasa); Wainganga A et B. and so on. Bibliography/Bibliogrophie AGARRWAL, D. P.; KUSUMGAR, Sheela. 1967. Radiocarbon dates of some prehistoric and pleistocene samples. Curr. Sci. (Banglore). v.. 36, no. 21, p. 569-668. BORDES, Francois. 1961. Mousteriaan Culture in France Science, vol. 134. p. 803-819. CLARK J. D. 1959. The prehistory of southern Africa. London, Penguin Books. 341 p. (Pelican Book A 458). --1995. On prehistory in the African word: a survey of social research. Ed. R. A. Lystad. Praeger. CLARL, J. G. D.; PIGGOT, Surat. 1965. Prehistoric societies, p. 93, London. COHEN, Daniel. 1668. The Neanderthan Man Sci. Dig. (Chicago), vol. 3, no. 3, p. 43-47. DANI, A. H. 1964. Sanhau cave excavition. Ancient Pakistan vol. 1, p. 1-50. HOWELL, F. C. 1959. Upper Pleistocene stratigrapny and Early Man in the Levant. Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. (Philadelphia), vol. 103, p. 1-65. MCBURNEY, C. B. M. 1960. The Stone Age of northern Africa. London, Penguin Books. (Palican Book A342). MOHAPATRA, G: C. 1966. Preliminary report. Bull. Deccan Coll. Res. Inst. (Poona), vol XXV, p. 221-237. MOVIUS (Jr.), H. L. 1953. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic sites in Soviet Central Asia. Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. (Philadelphia), vol. 97, p. 344-384. MURTY, M. L. K. 1968. Blade and burin industries near Renigunta on the south-east Coast of India. Proc. Prehist, Soc. (Cambridge), vol. XXXIII. RANOV V. A. 1964. On the relations between the palaeolithic cultures of central Asia and some Orienta countries. In: VII Int. Congr. Anthrop. and Ethuol Sci., Moscow, Nauka. (In Russian.) RUDENKO, S. I. 1961. The Ust. Kanskaia Palaeo. lithic cave site, Siberia. Am. Antiq. (Menasha), vol. 27 p. 203-215. SANKALIA, H. D. 1964. Middle stone Age indus tries in India and Pakistan. Science, vol. 146, no. 3642 p. 365-375. - 1969 (70). The Middle Palaeolithic cultures o India, central and western Asia and Europe. In: Proc Symp. on Central Asia, New Delhi, 1966. New Delhi Indian Council of Cultural Relations. (In press) SOLECKI, R. S. 1961. Prehistory in Shanidar Valley northern Iraq. Science, vol. 139, p. 4-16. -0&8--&80

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New Evidence for Early Man in Kashmir --by H. D. SANKALIA After prolonged investigation of the Ice Age in on the 15th bright half of the month of Shravan (July India and the associated human cultures, De Terra and -August). Travellers' accounts and traditions show that paterson (1939) expressed surprise that no stone tools this pilgrimage is at least 2,000 years old. of early man had been found in the Kashmir Valley proper, though they and previous workers had found The Liddar rises in the lake at Shishram Nag and abundant evidence of four glacial and three interglacial flowing through a very deep and narrow defile debouperiods during the Pleistocene in this region and in the ches at Pahlgam to traverse a comparatively wide and Himalayan foothills known as the Siwaliks and the Pot spacious valley. Thus the region of deposition has a war plateau. Two reasons were advanced by them to thalweg of fairly uniform Liddar Valley from its source explain the apparent absencs of man in the valley: the to Pahlgam was intensively studied by Grinlinton (1923: continnued uplift of the outer Himalayas (the Pir Pan 340). Paterson confirmed his work and went on to jal range) and the extreme cold during the Second investigate the lower Liddar (De Terra and Paterson Glacial period (De Terra and Paterson 1939:234). Rece 1939:68) and to correlate the deposits with those of nt research has made it necessary not only to abandon other parts of Kashmir and the Himalayan foothills. this 30-year-old view, but also to reconsider another Our own investigations have shown that the morpholotheory of far-reaching significance, that of the relations gical descriptions of these earlier workers for the deposits at Pahlgam (De Terra and Paterson 1939: 74. hip between the Soan or Chopper-Chopping-Tool Culture and the Handaxe or Piface Culture in northwe are correct Questions of their interpretation in the light stern India. of recent work on the Indian subcontinent (e. g. Potter 1970) can be tackled only when resources became Excavations conducted in 1969 by myself and two available for a detailed survey of the valley. colleagues, R. K. Pant and Sardarilal of the Archaeological Survey of India, Frontier Circle, Srinagar, have The deposit in which the first of the tools was found yielded a massive flake and a crude (Abbevillian) han- is a boulder conglomerate, according to Grinlinton and daxe from wellstratified deposits dating to the Second Paterson a glacio-fluvial deposit laid down during the Glacial and Second Interglacial respectively at Pahlgam Second Glacial in Kashmir. It contains pebbles, boulders, in Kashmir. Plaster casts of these finds were exhibited and angular stones, some f. cetted but only a few bearat the UNESCO conference on Homo sapiens held in ing striation marks. The rocks represented are quarit, September 1969, and they were judged genuine tools quartzite, Panjal trap is, limestone, and schist. The by Bordes; Leakey, and Movius, am ng other distingui- rock flour is calcareous and not very well cemented. shed prehistorians. Further work at Pahlgam and The boulder conglomerate is overlain disconformably by surveys in the surrounding region undertaken in 1970 a deposit about 13 m. thick of brownish clayey silt, by R. V. Joshi, Superintending Prehistorion of the Ar- called "alluvium " by Grinlinton and assigned to the chaeological Survey of India, S. N. Rajaguru, Reader Second Interglacial by Paterson. The lower portion of in Environmental Archaeology, Z. D. Ansari of Deccan this silt contains a few lenticular patches of redeposited College, and myself have produced nine more tools boulder conglomerate, while its top portion has weathefrom deposits attributable to the Second through Third red to a dark-brown soil that forms a district terrace Glacial periods.1* Two of these latter were borers, surface. The top portion of the boulder conglomerate typologically and stratigraphically significant because and the bottom of the brown clay have, except in a they represent a tool-type characteristic of the Middle very few places, become inextricably mixed, and so, as Palaeolithic in peninsular India and were here found, at Paterson said, it is difficult to fix the exact horizon of Ganeshdur, in a glacial scree probably of the Third Glacial. 1. Both reconnaissances were made possible by the award to me of the Nehru Fellowship in 1968; I take this opporturity of 7 Pahlgam, some 65mi. east of Srinagar in the Liddar thanking the authorities of the Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund Valley at an elevatiohof 7,100 ft., is a favou- I am also grateful to B. B. Lal, B. K, Thapar, and T. N. KhaIrite tourist spot. It is also a transit camp for pilgrims, Zanchi, the Director, and Superintending Archaeologist respectively of the Archaeological Survey of India, and to my colleagues Z.D. Who assemble here from all parts of India for an Ansari, S. N. Rajaguru, R. V. Joshi, R. K. Pant, and Sardarilal Whirduous trek to the holy shrine of Amarnath (12,500 for their co-operation in organizing and carrying out these ) to observe the appearance of a large singa (puallus) reconnaissances. Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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116 BHARATIYA ASMITA PART II the beginning of the silt phase. It was at this junction that the second of the original finds, the crude handaxe, was discovered well-embedded in the clayey conglomerate. De Terra and Paterson reported six massive flakes and two pebble tools "in and above the Boulder Conglomerate of the high depositional surface" at five sites in the Punjab foothills (De Terra and Paterson 1939:304, Pl. XXXIII; see also Paterson and Drummond 1962:42 and 59 ). All six flakes are of quarzite and are described as "heavily worn, that is, the flake surface is smoothed and water-worm." Further, they have big, plain striking platforms at high angles (ranging from 100deg to 125deg); the cones of percussion are well developed, but the bulbs tend to be fit relative to the size. According to Paterson and Drummond (1962:42), the reverse surface is untouched (unprepared), except in the case of the Kallar specimen. Retouch is not readily apparent, for the edges are battered, but whether by a natural agency or through utilisation is it impossible to determine.... In the Kallar flake, several flakes have been struck from the reverse surface, indicating that the flake might be older, but the secondary work later, that is, contemporary with the conglomerate. Their size and character leave little doubt as to their being man-made rather then caused by a natural agency. The flake was found embedded in the boulder conglomerate 5 m. above the right bank of the East Liddar at Pahlgam, at the base of the exposed part of the deposit in a place where a section nearly 400 m. long has been exposed by a road cutting; the section slopes north-northeast to south-southwest, and the boulder conglomerate is found in its central portion, the lower and upper ends containing nothing but brown silty clay. While the boulder conglomerate is dated in Kashmir to the Second Glacial, for a number of reasons it seems preferable to regard this inassive flake, and the others reported by De Terra and Paterson from the same stratum in the Punjab foothills, as belonging to the First Interglacial (see Sankalia 1969:125). First it was during that period that the climates of the Kashmir Valley and the Himalayan foothills were more or less similar, both legions supporting a subtropical or temperate flora (e.g., pine, oak, cinnamon) and fauna (e.g., Siwaliklike elephant and other animals). Excellent records of these have been presei ved in the Lower Karewa beds in Kashmir (De Terra and Paterson 1939: 224-25; Vishnu-Mittre. Singh, and Saksena 1962:94). This similarity of climate, attributable to the comparatively low altitude at the time of the Pir Panjal range about 6,000 ft., as opposed to its present altitude of about 14,000 ft.) would have permitted the movement of early man and animals from the plains to the hills and vice versa. At the same time, a subtropical or temperate climate would have been more congenial to man than the intense cold of the Second Glacialthough here we must take into account man's capacity to adapt to extremes of climate, as is evident in the fact that sadhus live quite naked at Amarnath, which is snowbound year round. Finally, a dating to the First Interglacial would be in accord with sedimentological principles, which require some allowance for a time--lag between the manufacture of tools and their dispersal and deposition through geomorphic agencies. If this reasoning is accepted, then the massive flake industry would the earliest in the Asia, because the First Glacial in India and its Interglacial would fall into the Lower Pleistocene. (This was also the view of Paterson and Drummond (1962 42], who, adopting a conservative attitude, placed it in the earliest Middle Pleistocene.) The other two finds of comparable age according to our present knowledge, are the pebble tools from Vertesszollos, about 50 km. west of Budap Contaned on page No. 78 The decription is given in the words of Paterson and Drummond because these tools are now dispersed in various museums and no longer available for study.) Paterson and Drummond regarded these flakes as genuine tools and were inclined to assign the heavily rolled spe. cimens to the Lower Pleistocence (1962: 59) and the one from Kallar to the early Middle Pleistocence. Oakley (1964: 219-20), because of these peculiar features, particularly the battered cdges, doubted their genuineness. The finds from our work in the Liddar and Sind valleys are as follows: 1. Massive flake. 25.7x16.5x6 cm. a side-flake removed from a boulder of blackish Punjal trap, with more than half its surface covered by a deep yellowish stiin. Both longitudinal sides show bold as well as step flaking, leaving roundish and flattish scars along the edges. Particularly noteworthy are two large, deep consecutive scars along the butt end on the underside and a similar large scar oppos te them on the upper surface. The former have removed the bulb of percussion, which to judge from the remaining surface was not very preminent. These flake scars give the piece a wavy edge. Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnA rASTronI zAsana vyavasthA na ma 1 ra 3 4 p 7 . deza 17 38 aphaghAnistAna bhutAna khamAM kamboDIyA silena sAmyavAdI cIna rASTravAdI cIna bhArata inDoneziyA irAna IrAka malayeziyA IjharAIla 10 11 12 13 14 napAna 15 jorDana zara uttara koriyA da. koriyA lA esA nepAla pAkistAna svataMtratA tuM varSa 1647 85 zAsana taMtra rAjAzAhI rAjAzA ii prajAsattAka rAjAzAhI ekakSa prathA prajAsattAka 1947 1953. 1968 1949 1949 prajAsattAka 1947 prajAsa tAka 1949 prajAsattAka 9mI sadI bI.sI. rAjAzAhI 1921 1963 1948 prajAsa tAka 7mI sadI (i. pUrva) rAjAzAhI 1946 rAjAzAhI 1948 prajAsattAka 1948 prajAsattAka 1949 rAjAzADI 1769 rAjAzAhI 1947 prajAsattAka prajAsattAka prajAsattAka mALakhu ekata'trI ekata'trI samavAya tatrI ekataMtrI ekata trI ekata trI ekata trI samavAya taMtrI ekata'trI ekata'trI ekataMtrI samavAya ta'trI ekata'trI ekataMtrI ekata trI ekata trI ekataMtrI ekata trI ekataMtrI ekata'trI zrI praviNa rAjya sattAnI bhAta na zeDa. rAjAzAhI saramukhatyArazAhInI najIka ( have prajAsattAka, adha leAkaza hI ) rAjAzAhI ApakhudazAhI (have leAkazAhI) prajAsattAka saramukhatyAra zAhI. rAjAzAhI saramukhatyAra zAhInI najIka pArlAmenTarI leAkazAhI sAmyavAdI saramukhatyAra zAhI prajAsattaka saramukhatyAra zAhInI najIka pArlAmenTarI leAkazAhI. pArlAmenTarI leAkazAhI (have adha lazkara zAhI) rAjAzAhI saramukhatyAra zAhI prajAsattAka saramukhyAra zAhI. pArlAmenTarI lokazAhI. pArlAmenTarI leAkazAhI. pArlAmenTarI lokazAhI. rAjAzAhI saramukhatyAra zAhI. sAmyavAdI saramukhatyAra zAhI. prajAsattAka saramukhatyAra zAhI. pArlAmenTarI leAkazAhI. rAjAzAhI maryAdita saramukhatyAra zAhI. pramukhazAhI saramukhatyAra zAhI (have saMsadIya a`leAkazAhI )

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118 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 prajAsattAka ekataMtrI 1946 1927 rAjAzAhI ekataMtrI 1965 prajAsattAka ekataMtrI 14mI sadI rAjAzAhI etaMtrI 21 philIpAInasa 22 sAudI arebiyA sIMgApura thAIlenDa tukI meMgeliyA ra7 u. viyeTanAma | da, viyeTanAma pramukhazAhI lekazAhI. rAjAzAhI saramukhatyAra zAhI pArlAmenTarI lekazAhI. rAjAzAhI saramukhatyAra zAhI. pArlAmenTarI lekazAhI. sAmyavAdI pArlAmenTarI pramukha zAhI sAmyavAdI saramukhatyAra zAhI. sAmyavAdI saramukhatyAra zAhI. 1965 prajAsattAka ekataMtrI 1949 prajAsattAka ekataMtrI 1954 prajAsattAka etaMtrI ekataMtrI 1954 prajAsattAka yemena prajAsattAka ekataMtrI prajAsattAka lekazAhI. 1961 1961 sIrIyA prajAsattAka ekataMtrI lebena 1961 prajAsattAka ekataMtrI prajAsattAka lazkarazAhI. prajAsattAka pramukhazAhI prajAsattAka pArlAmenTarI 33 baMgalAdeza 1971 prajAsattAka ekataMtrI ra rarararara rara00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 khAsa vAMco manana karo satya jijJAsA keLavo zuM pRthvI kharekhara goLa che ? zuM pRthvI kharekhara phare che ? zuM epolo 11 caMdra para pahoMcyuM che kharuM ? 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000006 DODOCOOCOOCOOL...00000000000000 uparokata bAbatanuM rahasya jANavA mATe pUjya muni zrI abhayasAgara mahArAja gaNI dvArA likhita saMzodhanAtmaka sAhityanuM prakAzana karanAra bhU-bhramaNa zodha saMsthAnanA sahayogI bano sa gI banavAne prakAra : sakriya sahayogI 1 rUpi, vArSika sahayogInA 5 rUpiyA, trivArSika 11 rUpiyA paMcavArSika 25 25 rUpiyA, daza vArSika pa1 rUpiyA, aAjIvana 101 rUpiyA sakiya sagIne saMsthAnI pravRttinI mAhitI maLatI raheze. AjIvana sahayogIne saMsthAnuM tamAma sAhitya bheTa kAyamI maLaze ane 1, 2, 5, 10 varSanA sahayogIne teTalA varSa sudhI sAhitya maLaze. jarUra lAbha uThAvo prakAzaka : bhU bhramaNa zedha saMsthAna pa. bekasa naM. 6 mahesANA, (u. gu) "hahahahararararararara rara000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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Area and State Transititional States Asia : Burma India Indonesia Philippine Republic South Vietnam Middle East: Morocco Syria Turkey United Arab Republic (Egypt) Developed States United kingdom United States TABLE COMPARATIVE DATE ILLUSTRATING LEVELS OF DEVELOPMENT IN SELECTED TRADITIONAL AND DEVELOPEE COUNTRIES Gross domestic Product per capita, dollars 70 100 183 147 190 317 190 Tnnual economic growth rate, percent Total I I 12 4-1 1-9 Per capi ta Population density, persors per square mile 5 [2] 7 4-4 1-1 27 I! 2-9 0-i 12-2 8-2 1700 3-0 2-2 4013 4-3 2-7 23225 27 30 224 21 Annual rate of population growth. percent 2-1 2-4 2-3 3-4 2-6 Net food supplies calories per day) per capita 2-7 2-6 23(0 2-5 3110 7 2 5 2930 1-3 13. 11121 Housing density, persons per room 3250 3140 2-2 2-3 2-3 1-6 77 Illiteracy, percent of adults 1 STOS 3-2 Copies of daily newspapers per thousand persons 6 2725 +=3 - 488 312 Thousandso of persons per doctor 12121 272 2-4 15 motor vehicle Persons per 495 577 395 108 220 58 130 161 227 52 radio receiver Persons per CROEM m 2 18 31

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120 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 rASTrIya vastI, vistAra zikSaNa pramANu ane AMkaDA vastI ( hajAramAM 1947 vistAra ane vastI gIcatA vArSika vastI kula vistAra eka kara | (cera ki.mI skavera ki.mI 1958-63 1963-67 hajAramAM) vasatA loke 1947 1967 1917 15,752 28 20% 647,5 aphaghAnistAna 12,000 IjIpta (yu. e. Ara) 19,088 30,907 1,001.4 IrAna 17,000 26,284 1648,0 8,440 434,9 IrAka IjharAIla jorDana 4,800 657e 20,7 129 2,039 977 ja kuti 120 520. che lebanena 1,179 2,520 10,4 ke sAudI arebiyA 2149,7 dakSiNa yemena 1,170 287,7 eDana dakSiNa arebiyA sIrIyA 3,662bI 5,570 185,2 kI 19,250 32,710 767,2 romena 7,000 5,000 195,0 hindustAna 338,727 pa11,125 3268,1 jApAna 80,216e 99,918 369,8 193,000 235,520 22402,2 yu esa esa Ara yu esa e 14,034 199,118 Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti sadA patha mAdhyamanA sAmuhika phelAvAnuM tulanAtmaka Tebala. khetI lAyaka jamIna hajAramAM) A UM 78,4 28,0 115,9zI 4,1 11,4 0,03 3,1 #w 2,e I ' 61,3 262,5 124,Do 57,pa 2420,0 1764,4DI zikSaNU ane prasaraNa khetI lAyaka jamInamAM skavera ki. mI mAM vasatA bhADA 4 21 1103 174 93 649 167 17333 823 1751 4 91 230 1739 96 zikSaNa pramANa 29,6 121 38,1 109 1960 9 19,5/. 12,87 14,5 84,2 32,4 46,8 / 27,8 97,8 98,5 97,8 skulamAM janAranuM pramANa 10 +% 25 o 1950-1964 16 18 para 27 21 ' 22 5 35 33 11 che e; 83 100 11 5 51 4 18 83 193 101 I ' ra 46 14 * 55 9 41 85 100 105 vartamAna patra nA phelAvA vatA leAmAM 13) 1952-1965 12 1 20 167 12 2 19 31 / 6 374 109 342 13 E 12je 1480 ' 3ne ' 11 pAsI 13 451. ka 264 310 reDiyA seTa vasatA le!kAmAM hajAre 1950-1965 14 07 13 114 E 122 2 ' 15 17 121 na 111 15 13 14 chUTa 349 290 136 TI 12sI 28 / 329 79 11 209 61 560 1,2333 320

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122 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 $ Te. naM. 30 zrI tAladhvaja girItIrtha (tIrthodhdhAranI mahAna sidhdhIonuM darzana) 20000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000---- zrI tAladhvaja girItIrtha-saurASTramAM zrI sidhdhAcalagirI najIkanuM prAcIna to che. muLa nAyaka sAcA devazrI sumatinAtha bhagavAna girIrAja upara birAjamAna che. te jinAlaya mahArAjA kumArapALanA samayanuM che. sAcA devanA gabhArAmAM akhaMDa dIpakanI jyota kesaravaraNI thAya che. A tIrtha aneka jAtanI prabha.vikatA dharAve che. suMdara nAnakaDI bhavya TekarI upara zrI caumukhajInI Tukane pArzvanAtha jinAlayanuM nUtana derAsara e A tIrthanI mukhya TuMke che. tAladavaja saratAne kinAre prAcIna guphAothI alaMkRta naisargika saudaryathI bhAtu A tIrtha AhAdajanaka che. taLAjA zaheramAM zrI zAMtinAtha jinAlaya tathA yAtrikAnI sagavaDa mATe bAbunI jana dharmazALA vagere che. tene saMpUrNa ItihAsa "zrI tAladhvaja girItIrthadarzana" nAmathI saMvata 2025mAM prasidhdha thayela che. zAsana samrATa pU. pUjya. AcArya devazrI vijayanemIsurizvarajI sAhebanI preraNAthI A tIrthane vahivaTa saMvata 1998mAM zrI tAladhvaja jana zvetAmbara-mU-tIrtha kamiTina nAmathI zeThazrI bhogIlAlabhAI maganalAlabhAI zAha bhAvanagaravALAnAM sAnidhyamAM teozrInA adhyakSasthAne kamiTinI racanA karI je kamiTimAM zrI khAnsila amaracaMda, zrI parazotama mAlajI, zrI valladAsa gulAbacaMda, tathA zrI vIracaMdabhAI sabhya hatI. tenuM sukAna saMbhALyA pachI A tanahejalAlImAM tenA udhdhAramAM anekaghaNe vadhAro thayo che. ane yAtriko mATe egya aneka suvidhAo thaI che. ane sArA pramANamAM yAtrike padhAre che ane lAbha lya che. tIrtha kamiTinI sthApanA pachI cha dhAranA kAryo nIce mujaba thayA che- (1) caumukhajI TuMko jIrNodhAra (2) sAcA derAsarane jIrNoddhAra. (3) gurUmaMdiranI junI derI 11 no jIrNodhAra (4) mahAvIraprAsAda jinAlaya navuM (5) jInAlaya navuM (6) bAvana jInAlayanI 24 derI (7) snAnagRha Ara. sI. sI thI (8) kesara sukhaDa makAna Ara. sI. sI thI 9) rAjulA nApagathIyA AgaLa pAchaLanA gi? 2Aja u 2 caDavAnAM (10) zAMtikuMDa pANI (11) zrI malinAtha janaprAsAda tathA mukhajI derAsara gAmamAM (12) zrI tAladhvaja jaina zrAvikA upAzraya (3) zrI tAladhvaja jena pAThAzALA- kanyAzALA (14) zrI tAladhvaja jena yAtrika bhejana zALA Ara. sI. sI thI (5) zrI tAlavaja jena jJAna maMdira (16) zrI tAlavaja jena upAzraya (17) amarasAghanA maMdira (18) dharmazALA (19) kabutarane cabutare Ara. sI. sI thI (2) dharma zALAne ki bAra (21) zrI jaina be janazALAnI sthapanA saM. 1999. (22) zrI jana vidhAthagRhanI 2thApanA saM. 2000 talATInA makAnamAM tyAra bAda sTezana pAse be ploTa moTA kharIdI tenI upara jaina vidhAthIgRhanI bhavya makAna, bhejanagRha vizrAMtigRha, zrI zAMtinAtha jInAlaya baMdhAyela che. zrI girirAja upara bAvana chanAlayanI derI 12 tathA derAsara-1 bAkI che. te kAma zarU karavA mATe kamiTimAM niya thaI gayo che. A rIte tAladhvaja tIrthane 20 lAkhane khace jirNodhAra thayo che. girirAja upara IlekaTrIka lAITa, meTara paMpa dharmazALA vagere tathA jinAlayamAM IlekaTrIka lAITa anDaragrAunDa Dreneja-naLa vigere suvidhAo thaI che. zeThazrI bhogIlAlabhAI sAhebanI umara 87 varSanI thaI che. teozrI tA 20-12-74nA dine pramukhapadethI nivRta thayA che. ane zeThazrI ramaNIkalAlabhAI bhogIlAlabhAI zAhanI varaNI karavAmAM AvI che. zeThazrI bhegIlAlabhAI sAheba "murabbI' tarIke jIvanaparyata mArgadarzana ApatA rahe ane dIrdhAyuSa bhegave teozrInA sAnidhyamAM je tIrthodhdhAranA kAryo thayA che te prazaMsanIya-- abhinaMdanIya che. 40000000000000000000000000000000000000 taLAjA. (saurASTra) zrI tAladhvaja jena ve-tIrtha kamiTi 6 rararararara rarara000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnuM kartavya bhAratanI pratibhA kevaLa karmamAM rAcanArI nathI, paraMtu karmImAM sidhdha thatA vicAra ane abhIpsA upara te ekAgra bane che, ahIM zarIra AMtarika Adezane adhIna thAya te pUrve AtmA enI pUrvicAraNA kare che. hindu jIvana aMtarmukha hAya che ane bAhya jIvanano hetu AtmAnI gatividhine pragaTa karavAnA hoya che, tenI ci'rasthAyI ejasthitAnuM rahasya tenA vicAra ane karmo vaccenA A ghanISTa sabadhamAM rahelu che. anya rASTronI jema enu bAhyajIvana paNa vikAsa pAme che ane chevaTe tenA vinAza thAya che. enI mahAnatAnA samayagALAe Ave che ane vinipAtanA paNa, paraMtu anya rASTrone temanA jIvananI cAkkasa maryAdAo che. jyAre bhArata tenAthI mukta che, jyAre jyAre mRtyu tenA kei eka aMzanA bhAga le che tyAre hindujAti amaratvanA mULa srotane Azraya le che ane AtmAnA jharaNAmAM DubakI mArI navA avatAra dhAraNa kare che. rASTrIya jIvananuM A amRta kevaLa bhArate ja zeAdhI kADhyuM che. teNe A amaratvane, jIvananA A mahAna rahasyane jagata ene jhIlavAnuM sAmarthya meLave tyAM sudhI hajAra vaSaeN mATe sAcavI rAkhyu che. have te A rahasyanA vinAza ane mRtyune Are AvI UbhelA anya rASTrAne medha kare tevA samaya AvI lAgyA che. yuropanA lokoe bhautika jIvanane enI aMtima avadhi sudhI vikasAvyu che, zArIrika jIvananA vijJAnane eNe pUrNatAe pahAMcADayuM che, paraMtu te evA rAgathI grasta thayuM che jene ilAja karavA mATe tenu... vijJAna asamatha che. iMgleDe peAtAnI vyavahAra kuzaLa buddhi dvArA, phrAMse peAtAnA supaSTa ane tarkaniSTha dImAga dvArA, janIe peAtAnI ciMtanazIla pratibhA dvArA, raziyAe enI bhAvanAtmakatAnA maLa dvArA ane amerikAe peAtA nI vyApArika kuneha dvArA mAnavivekAsa mATe je kAMi zakaya che te karyu che. paraMtu A pratyeka rASTra peAtAnI viziSTa zaktine chevATe AvI paheAMcyuM che. have kAMika evuM tattva khUTI rahyu che jenI yurepa pUrti karI zake ema nathI. A tamakke eziyA jAgRta thayuM che kAraNe jagatane enI jAgRtinI jarUra hatI. eziyA jagatanI mAnasika zAMtinuM rakSaka che ane jagata enA caraNe besIne kevaLa te ja ApI zake evA rahasyAnA medha meLavI zake e hetuthI samaya samaye te peAtAnI AtmanimajjatAnI, AtmanirbharatAte ane AtmavyastatAnI avasthAmAMthI upara UThI thoDoka samaya jagatanuM zAsana kare e mATe AyeAjita thayu' che, yuropanAM ecena AtmAM Aje bhautika jIvana saMbaMdhI vijJAnanAM vikAsamAM navaprasthAna karyu che. eNe rAjakAraNane Jain Education Intemational zrI araviMda suniya Mtrita karyuM che ane samAjanu puna sagaThana karyuM" che. tathA kAyadAkAnunAne navA ghATa paNa ApyA che. temaja vijJAnane enA sAcAM svarUpamAM siddha karyu che. te veLAe eziyAnA zAMta, ciMtanazIla ane AtmalIna AtmA je prakAzane pRthvI upara phelAvavA mATe kevaLa te peAte ja samatha che enA dvArA yuropanI e zeAdhene peAtAnA hAthamAM laine tenA atireka ane tenIvikRtine sudhAravAnuM kArya kare che. jyAre grIsa ane rAmanI AjasvitA esarI gai tyAre temaNe adhUrAM mUkelAM kAmane upADI levA mATe purAtana jagatanA samanvayane punarjIvita karavA mATe ane jJAnasAdhanA aMgenI eziyAnI gahana manevRttinA saMsparza ApavA mATe ArA peAtAnA raNapradeza cheDIne tyAM gayA. eziyAnI viziSTatA pravRttinA prAraMbha karavAmAM rahelI che, yurepa ane pUrNatAe paheoMcADavAne yatna kare che. yuropanuM baLa vigatAnA vikasamAM rahelu che; ezi yAnuM, samanvayanA prayAsamAM, yurope jIvana tathA vicAranI aMtargata vigatAne pUrNa`tAe pahAMcADI che, paraMtu temane pU sAmrAjyamAM sugrathita karavAne te zaktimAna nathI, pariNAme te bauddhika anavasthAnI sthitie pahoMce che tathA jIvananAM tathyAnuM mAnasvabhAvanI maryAdAonu ane astitvanA parama satyanuM khaMDana karAtAM vyAvahArika atarikAmAM aTavAya che. AthI yuropane jyAre gatirodha thAya che, te peAtAnA mithyA saMghaSa bharyAM phaLahIna prayAgAmAM tathA peAtAnI bhUlAnA pariNAmAmAMthI ugaravAnA athahIna prayAseAmAM khAvAi jAya che, tyAre mAnava utkrAMtinuM kAma upADI levuM e eziyAnu kanya banI rahe che. jagatanAM itihAsamAM huve e mATenA samaya AvI paheAMcyA che. prAcIna samayamAM bhArata e eka ciMtanazIlatAne ane zAMtine jagatathI kAMika alagatA dharAvatA eka prakAranA Azrama ja hatA. peAtAnI viziSThi bhaugolika paristhiti dvArA bAkInA jagatathI alaga rahIne teNe peAtAnI samasyAonA ukela ANye. ane jagatanA avAja jemAM praveza pAmI na zake evA jANe ke zAMta AzramamAM eNe jIvananAM rahasyanu ciMtana karyuM. enA vicArA eziyAmAM pracArita thayA ane emaNe aneka saMskRtienuM nirmANa karyuM. tenA saMtAno anya prajA mATe jyAdhira banyA. tenI asIma prajJAnAM chUTAMchavAyAM TukaDAemAMthI vividha daza nAnI racanA thai. enI bauddhika kRti enA ucchiSTamAMthI vijJAnA prAdurbhAva pAmyA. jyAre bhAratanA bhaugolika sImADAemAM tIrADo paDI ane himAlayane bAraNethI

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 ranI maryAdA pArakhI levAne samaya AvI lAgyA che. bhagavAnanI icchA hatI ke iMglenDa bhAratane kabajo le. paraMtu teNe je camatkArapUrNa saraLatAthI ahIM vijaya prApta karyA enAthI jagata aAI gayuM ane e vijayane yaza aMgreja prajAnI pratibhA ane cAritryane maLyuM. ane A kalpanAne TakAvI rAkhavA tathA tene preAtsAhana ApavAmAM IMglenDe kacAza rAkhI nahi ane seA karatAM vadhAre varSa sudhI teNe enA upara carI khAdhuM iMglenDe vicAramUrchAnI koi anapekSita kSaNe bhArata upara vijaya meLavyeA, e uktimAM ghaNuM satya rahelu che. A uktine kharA artha e thAya che ke teNe kharekhara vijaya meLavye ja nathI. ja nathI. vyu karavAmAM AvI rahyuM che ane kevI rIte e thaI rahyuM che enI pratIti thAya e pahelAM te jANe ke bhArata enA hAtheAmA dharI devAmAM AvyuM hatuM. e ghaTanA mATe Avazyaka saMjogA taiyAra karI devAyA hatA, tenAM patha saraLa banAvI devAyA hatA ane jarUrI zasro tenA hAthamAM mUkI devAyA hatA. tene mATe kAma karanArAonI budhdhipratibhA alpa`TinI hatI, ane jIja apavAdone bAda karatAM temaNe yuropanA itihAsamAM nAmanA kADhI nathI, jyAM emanI uNu paripUrti karanAra vizeSa anugrAhane abhAva hato. bhAratanI gulAmInuM kAraNa vijetA prajAnI caDiyAtI pratibhA ke tenA netAonu` sAmarthya che athavA bhAratanI prajAnI AMtarika niCLatA che ema kahI zakAtuM nathI. Ama Aje to e kevaLa eka camatkAra dekhAya che. enA atha e thayA ke ahIM' eka eve praMsaga jovA maLe che. jyAM peAtAnAthI caDiyAtI na heAya evI prajAne eka vizeSa mizana soMpavAmAM Avyu hAya ane e mizananI saphaLatA mATe tathA enA upara dekharekha rAkhavA mATe paNa vidhAtAne Adeza apAi gaye hAya. eka vAra e mizana pUruM thatAM tenA kAryanI paDakhe Ubhele ane peAtAnA hAtha izAre virodha ane muzkelIone haTAvato devana have peAtAnuM kAyasalI le che ane tene rakSaNa maLatuM aTakI jAya che sudhI bhAratanA bhAgya mATe enI jarUra che tyAM sudhI ja e rahI zakaze, tyArabAda eka divasa mATe paNa tenAthI vadhAre rahI zakAze nahi. kAraNa ke te peAtAnA baLa dvArA ahIM AvyuM na heAtu ane peAtAnA baLa dvArA e ahIM TakI zakaze paNa nahi. bhAratanA punaHjIvananA prAraMbha thai cUkayA che, te cAhaze te e prajAnI sahAyathI, anyathA enI sahAya vinA ane jo te virodha karaze te eneA sAmanA karIne paNa bhArata peAtAnu` kA` sidhdha karaze. 124 56 anya prajAe ahIM` ghusI AvI tyAre tenI zAMtinA bhaMga thaye. tene evA saMghaSa ane kSeAbhamAMthI pasAra thavAnuM thayuM je daramiyAna potAnA ja chUTAchavAyAM vicArakaNAmAM udbhavelI saMskRtie temanI ja e mahimAvaMta mAtRsaMskRti upara temanA prabhAva lAdavA mATe kaTibaddha banI hatI. bhAratane te bahArathI AvatI A saMskRtienA rUpo bhutakALamAM pAte ja eka bAjue mUkI dIdhA hatA ane pAchaLathI anyatra temanuM vistaraNa thayu hatu evA pAtanA purAtana prayAganuM saMsmaraNa karAvatAM hatA teNe A vicArazeAne apanAvI lIdhA emanA upara navIna prakAzamAM punaHci Mtana karyuM ane pharIthI temaNe potAnI aMdara samAvI lIdhA. A rIte teNe grIka, zake, ane musalamAno sAthe vyavahAra karyAM ane eja rIte te pAtAnI tarapha ja pAchAM vaLatAM peAtAnAM ja saMta nAnA samudAyA sAthe, khristi ane bauddhadharma sAthe, yureASiya vijJAna ane bhautivAda sAthe temaja dharma, vijJAna ane darzananA A purAtana Adi srota sAthe punaH saMparka sthApita karIne vikasavA mathatAM navIna vicAra sAthe paNa vyavahAra karaze. je navIna sAmagrIne teNe have AtmasAta karavAnI che tenuM pramANu itihAsamAM apUrva che, paraMtu tene mATe te e bALakoneApAnI khela che. tenI sagrAhI buddhipAragAmI a MtaHprajJA ane ajeya maulikatA paristhitine paheAMcI vaLavAnuM sAmarthya dharAve che. bahArathI AvI paDatAM avAjo tarapha ja te kAna dharI rahyuM hatuM evI niSkriyatAne kALa bhArata mATe have pUrA thavA Avye che. have te bahAranA prabhAveAne grahaNa karIne temanuM punathana karavAmAM keTalAka sudhArAvadhArA karavAmAM ja sateSa nahi mAne. jApAnanI pratibhA anukaraNazIla che; eNe jenuM anukaraNa karyuM che enuM saskaraNa ane savardhana paNa e kare che. jyAre bhAratanI pratibhA tenI maulikatAmAM rahelI che. bahAranI prajAnA pradAnane te peAtAnI aparimita sa zakti mATenI kevaLa eka sAmagrI tarIke ja svIkAra karaze. AvAM eka prAkRta dravyane bhAratamAM lai AvavuM e iMglenDanuM mizana hatuM paraMtu peAtAnI bhautika kSetranI saLatAthI te uddhata banI ane bhAratanA zikSaka' banI rahevAnA bhAra peAtAnA zire lIdhe ane bhAratanI prajAnI teNe pAte jene keLavavAnAM che evA bALaka tarIke athavA peAtAnA dezanA amIrA mATe majUrI karanArAM gulAmeA tarIke gaNanA rI. A phArasa khelAi cUkayuM che. ane bhAratamAM iMglenDanu mizana paNa pUruM thayu che. A sthitimAM tene maLelA avasa

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eziyAnuM AdhunIkaraNa ane enA bhAvinI dizA zrI govardhana dave zrI vimala paTela eziyAnA rAjakIya ane sAmAjika jIvanamAM yuropane avadazAne kAraNe e enA tatkAlIna dharma ane samAjavyavasyApagapesAro thatAM eka navaprasthAnano AraMbha thayo ane kAMIka mAMthI A navA prabhAva sAme TakI rahevAnuM baLa meLavI zakyuM nahi. sahaja rIte eziyAmAM Adhunika yuganuM maMDANa thayuM. eziyA jApAna jevA dezo te base jeTalA varSo sudhI bahAranI duniyA pitAnI pravartamAna vikharAyelI ane maMda paDI gayelI jIvana sAthenA saMbaMdhe teDI daI nava prabhAvA sAme potAnA bAraNuM zakitanA kAraNe caDiyAtI zastrazakita, samartha saMgaThana ane cANa- vAsI dIdhAM hatAM. paraMtu eya TakI zakyuM nahi. ane e bAraNuM kayane paNa vaTAvI jAya evI rAjakIya kuTilatAthI sajaja evA khUlatAM yuropanI AdhunikatAne pravAha enI aMdara mArga karIne yuropanA AkramaNane khALI zakyuM nahIM. teo ahI akasmAta dhasamasate vahevA lAgyA. ane pachI te jApAne jhaDapabhera ane kAIka aNadhArI rIte AvyA paraMtu eka dhasamasatA pUranI petAnA purAtana vAghA utArI daI pUjothI Adhunika banavAne ahIM kyAM kyAMya chidro dekhAyA tyAMthI aMdara pesIne ekadama puruSArtha AraMbhI dIdhe. ane lagabhaga AkhA eziyAmAM jema badheja phelAI gayA. ane ahIMnI prajAne A aNaciMtavyA evI samaja dRDha thavA lAgI ke yuropIya DhabanuM jIvana vikaghasArAnAM AMcakAnI kaLa vaLe e pahelAM te A navAgaMtuke sAvavuM eTale ja pachAta paNAmAMthI upara uThavuM. pitAI jAtane ahIM sudaDha karI dIdhI. teo pitAnA hetuonI eziyA mATe A kALa anapekSita parivartanane hato. bAbatamAM spaSTa rIte sabhAna ane kRtanizcayI hatA. ane emanI siddhi mATe vinA je koI paNa ..nane upaga karavAnI enI svakIya pratibhAne mATe have navAM vaLAMka levAnuM anikSamatA emanI pAse hatI. ahIM pravartamAna paristhitino A vArya banI cuyuM hatuM. enI samakSa have navAM mUlya pragaTa zakya eTale lAbha laI levAnI emanI vRtti paNa hatI; pachI thaI rahyAM hatAM, navA rAha khUlI rahyA hatA. pragatinI navI te prajA ane rAjAonA kusaMpa hoya ke temanI aphINanI paribhASAne ene paricaya thaI rahyo hato ane eziyA jANe ke ALasa maraDIne beThuM thayuM ane pachI bhale kAMIka lathaDatI cAle. lata. ahIMnI samAjavyavasthAthI pIDita vargane sahAre dhAIne paNa emaNe potAnuM kAma pAra pADyuM che. ekavAra A bhUmi para paNa e yurepanA mArge cAlavAne tatpara banyuM. jethI e paNa paga TekavavAnI jagyA maLe pachI. tA pRthvIne upADIne pheLI che yuropanI jema pragatizIla banI rahe. Ama eziyAne Adhunika devAnI hAma dharAvatA pelA prasiddha vaijJAnikanI jema AkhA itihAsa e enA pazcimI karane itihAsabanI rahyo. eziyAnA Arthika ane rAjakIya jIvanane kabajo meLavI levAnuM eziyAnA jIvanamAM dharma ane AdhyAtmikatA e eka sAmarthya emanI pAse hatuM. ane e sAmarthyane e yAmAM prabhAvazALI baLa rahyuM che. ane enI saMskRtinA pAyAnAM kALabhaLe vijaya sAMpaDa. mUlya emAMthI prApta thayAM che. vizvanA mahAna dharmone prAdu. rbhAva eziyAmAM thayo che e te eka suvidita bAbata che. yurepanA A AkramaNathI eziyAnA svatra Upara na A kSetre bhArata, cIna ane pazcima eziyA e traNa pradeza jIravI zakAya evo AghAta thaye. paraMtu e AkramaNane pAchuM mokhare rahyA che. bhArate hindu ane bauddha dharmo ApyA, cIne - haThAvavAnuM sAmarthya enI pAse nahotuM tethI anivAryane tAo ane kanphayuziyana dharmo ane pazcima ezipa e yAhadI namAvI levAnI paristhitimAM te mukAyuM. eNe potAnA prAcIna ane khristI dharmo temaja IslAma bhAratano prabhAva dakSiNagauravane punaHjAgRta karavA prayAsa to karyo, paNa ethI ya kaI pUrva eziyAmAM vistaryo ane pachI cIna ane jApAna sudhI kAma sayuM nahI. eka palaTo thato hovAnI pratIti ene pahoMcyo. khristI dharmanA Agamana bAda yAhadI dharmano prabhAva thaI. e rithatimAM atIta ane enI paraMparAone TakAvI sImita banI rahyo, je ke yAdIone saMjogavazAt jagatamAM rAkhavAnuM ene mATe asaMbhava banI gayuM. hAle e enA badhe phelAI javAnuM thayuM ane emanI dharmaniSThAmAM ghaNI rUDha jIvananI pakaDamAM thI ja 9dI chUTI zakayuM na hoya, daDhatA AvI gaI. paNa khristIdhe na to mukhyatve yuropamAM ane paraMtu enI aMdara eka dUragAmI asaro nipajAvanArAM pachI enA saMsthAnamAM thaIne lagabhaga AkhA jagatamAM vyApI parivartanano prAraMbha te thaI ja gayo. eNe A parivartananI gaye, IlAme yurepa para paDatAnuM prabhutva jamAvavAne yatna prakriyAne sAmane te karyo ja hato. paraMtu enI AMtarika te karyo, paNa tyAM te khristI dharma vilaMbIone saphaLa Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga--2 mAM paraMtu yureApamAM vijJAna ane yatrazAstranA vikAsa thatAM audyogika krAMti banI AvI ane Arthika ane sAmAjika jIvananAM rUpo palaTAvA lAgyA e sAthe mAnava jIvana para dharma sattAnI pakaDa DhIlI paDI.sAhitya ane kalAnA kSetre paNa dhArmikatA sAthenA sabaMdho tUTavA lAgyA ane svata Mtra vikAsanA prAraMbha thayo. Izvara ane dharmAcAryAMnA sthAne mukta budhdhinI pratiSThA thaI leAka jIvanamAM budhdhizIla ane vaijJAnika mAnavavAda dharmanuM sthAna lIdhuM. A samaya yuropanA navajAgaraNano samaya hate. e samaye samAja ane dharmanI sthApita vyavasthA sAme baLavA peAkAravAmAM Avyo hatA.chatAM samaya jatAM dhama sAthenA saMgha samAdhAna thayuM tathA navIna jIvanadhArA ane dhArmikatAnu saha astitva rahe eve! mAga nIkaLyo, jemAM dhame peAtAnA sattA vistAra sakelI laI vyaktijIvananA keTalAka bAhyAcAra pUratu sIimata thaI javAnuM rahyuM ane eNe Ama jIvananAM bIjA pAsAMo sAthe saMghamAM AvavAnuM TALyu. budhdhi ane zradhdhAnAM, sAMsArika ane dhArmika jIvananAM kSetrAnu vibhAjana karI emanI vacce sa MdhI karavAmAM AvI. emanI vacce, jANe ke, paraspara dakhala na karavAnA kola karAra thayA, jemAM alamA budhdhie te potAno adhika ra ane sarvoparitA sAcavI rAkhI ane dharmAMne potAnuM astitva TakAvI rAkhavA mATe samAdhAna karavAnuM thayuM; ane ene vAstavika jIvanamAM dakhala na karavAnI zarate TakI raheva!nI chUTa maLI. eziyAmAM prathama teA porTugijho, spenavAsIe ane valaMdAoe praveza karyAM hatA. paraMtu te ahIM lAMbe samaya peAtAnI sattA TakAvI rAkhI zakayA nahi. yuropamAM paNa emanAM khaLa ane sabhyatA kAMIka utaratI koTinAM gaNAtAM hatAM. temaNe keca ane egrone mAga karI ApavA paDayA ane eziyA krAMsa ane iMglenDanI ANumAM AvyuM. ane emAMya iMglenDanu sAmrAjya tA eTalu vadhI gayu ke phrAMse to potAnI sattAne ahIMthI lagabhaga saMkelI levAnu thayu. A lokaya keTalIka bAbatamAM te prorTugijha cAMciyAgIrIthI leza paNa echu nathI utaryAM. paraMtu A pradezamAM potAnAM sattA vistArano emano pramukha hetu arthika hatA. AthI emaNe ahIMnA sAmAjika ane dhArmika jIvanamAM sIdhI dakhala na karavAnuM munAsIba mAnyuM. emane rasa hatA potAnI Arthika samRdhdhi mATe jarUrI sAmagrImAM ane emane mATe rAjakIya sattA te Arthika hiteAnI sidhdhinuM sAdhana hatuM. paNa A leke eka prajA tarIke yuropanI utkRSTa sAMskRtika abhIpsAonA pra tanidhi paNa A ane e prajAone sabadhamAM AvavAnuM thAya che tyAre anAyAse be saskRtioneA samAgama paNa thAya che bIjuM A sAhasikone ahIM potAnuM thANuM jamAvI rAkhavA mATe dezI prajAmAM potAnA AdhAra racI levAnuM jarUrI lAgyuM ane potAnA dhama tathA saMskRtti e mATenuM upayogI sAdhana banI zake aema temane lAgyuM. e maNe joyuM ke ahIMnI prajAnI jIvana niSThA dharma ane saMskRtti joDAyelI che. AthI ochAmAM enDru A prajAnA upalA ane prabhAvazALI vaga paNa petAnI saMskRtinI ANu svIkAre eTaluM ja nahi, enu evu te rUpAMtara thAya ke chevaTe e petAnA ja dezamAM paradezIAnA pratinidhi jevA banI rahe to zAsana kArya mATe jarUrI hAthA ahIM ja maLI rahe, ane A gaNatarI sAcI hatI. ahI emanA zAsananA prAraMbhika kALamAM khristIo ane AdhunikatAvAdI emanA AdhAra staMbha anyA hatA. Aja kAraNe rASTravAdI A varDjhana AzakAnI najare jotAM ane emane paradezIonA ADatiyA tarIke navAjavAmAM AvatAM, Ama potAnA zAsananA hitamAM je kAMi karavAmAM AvyuM enAthI saMskRtionA samAgama paNa sudhAyA ane ekavAra Ave! samAgama sadhAyA bAda enA pariNAmeA te pragaTa hetuo ane enI tamAma gaNatarIne vaTAvIne AgaLa jatAM hoya che. ane ahIM paNa evuM ja banyuM. A samAgamane AraMbha bhale anukaraNanI pravRttithI thayA. paraMtu enA pira NAme ahInA prA jIvanamAM eka navajAgRti AvI, jeNe aDDInI saMskR tenA nava janmanI tathA pUrva ane pazcimanA samanvaya dvArA eka navIna vizvasaMskRtinAM nirmANanI bhUmikA racI ApI. ane Ama jagatane mATe eka navA yuganA pAye nakhAyA. 126 mukAbaleA karI zakayA nahi. chatAM eziyA ane AphrikAmAM eneA vistAra ghaNA vadhyo. Ama jagata para eziyAnA dharmAMnI ANu pravatI hatI. yuropamAM je navI sabhyatA AkAra laI rahI hatI tenI abhivRdhdhi mATe, tyAM pragati ane samRdhdhi mATenI navI AkAMkSAe janmI hatI temanI tRpti mATe eNe bInna pradeza ane ktae bhaNI mITa mAMDI; ane potAnA hetumAnI sidhdhi arthe temanA upayoga thaI zake e mATe tyAM peAtAnA saMsthAna sthApavAnA tathA e rIte peAtAnA sAmrAjyanA vistAra karavAnA sAhasanA smArabha karyo, khristIdhama pote paNa vistArazIla te hatA ja, AthI A sAhasamAMene sAtha paNa sAMpa yA, jo ke A sAhisakoe enA upayoga te eka DhALa tarIke ja karyAM. eziyAnuM sAMskRtika ane sAmAjika jIvana vikharAyelu ane saMgha rata hatuM, enI prANa zaktimAM oTa AvI hatI. A paristhitimAM yuropanA A sAhasakAne eziyAmAM jhaDapI saphaLatA maLatI gaI. emaNe ahIMnA rAjakIya ane sAmAjika jIvananI namaLAe zeAdhI zeAdhI enA lAbha levAnI, bhAgalA pADIne sattA ane zAsana para peAtAnA prabhAva vistAravAnI temaja peAtAnI pakDa majabUta karavAnI nIti apanAvI. ane eziyAnA meTo bhAga eka pAkAM phaLanI jema emanA hAthamAM AvI paDayo. Jain Education Intemational eziyAnA prajA jIvanamAM yuropIya sattAnI sAthe tyAMnI sabhyatA ane saMskRtinA paNu sahaja praveza thayeA. eTalu

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 127 ja nahi. upalA, vagamAM to e sabhyatAnuM vizeSa gaurava che. Arthika kSetre A doDamAM agraNI evA pazcimI rASTronuM thavA lAgyuM, ane e sAthe dezI sabhyatA mATe hiNapatane duniyA para prabhutva che. emanI sAthe spardhA karavAnuM eziyA bhAva paNa jape. yuropIya DhabanuM sAheba zAhI jIvana e mATe muzkela paNa kharuM. parAdhinatA kALa daramiyAna enI pragatizIlatA ane pratiSThAnuM pratIka banyuM. ane Ama pazci- je Arthika ane sAmAjika avadazA thaI ane pratibhA manA kayAMka aMdha te kayAMka dRSTivaMta anukaraNanI pravRtti zarU haNAI, e kAraNe Atmanirbhara banavAmAM ya ene thaI. A pravRttinA pratikAra rUpe ahIMnI saMskRtinI purAtana mukelIo naDe. AthI enI audyogIkaraNanI gati paNa maMda rIta rasamone vaLagI rahevAnA yatna paNa thayA. paNa kALanI rahe. pariNAme e khetI pradhAna grAmINa samAjanI kakSAthI gati sAthe e rIta rasamanuM TakI rahevuM vadhAre ne vadhAre ghaNo UMce uThI zakyo nahi. alabatta Arthika pravRtti mokhare muzkela banatuM gayuM ane bahu ja sahaja rIte eziyAe AvI. ane saMpattinI pratiSThA thavA lAgI; ane rAjyasattA Adhunika yugamAM praveza karyo. ane enA pazcimI karaNanI para enI pakaDa jAmavA lAgI. paraMtu samAjano moTo bhAga prakriyA kramazaH vega pakaDatI gaI, paNa A prakriyA kevaLa bAhyA- paraMparA niSTha rahyo. emAM yurepanI sAhasikatAne kAMIka cAra pUratI sImita na rahI. e vadhAre UMDe gaI ane abhAva varatAte hatuM. kAryakSamatAne anulakSIne aupacArika vAstavika jIvananA mALakhAne badalavAnuM eNe zarU karyuM. enA saMbaMdhe javAnI ane e rIte vahIvaTa karavAnI paNa ene pariNAme samagra jIvananA raMgaDhaMgamAM ja palaTo Avye. ochI phAvaTa hatI. nikaTanA bhUtakALanA pratyAghAta rUpe padA eziyAmAM dharmanA pAyA para maMDAyelI paraMparAvAdI thaya 0 thayelAM dainya graMthI ane pramAda paNa kharAM. samAja vyavasthAnuM ane khetI pradhAna vikendrita arthavyava- bIju yuroyane pitAnA vikAsa mATe jagatanuM vizALa sthAnuM pracalana hatuM. moTAbhAganI vastI grAmapradezamAM nikaTa bajAra maLI gayuM hatuM ane eNe pitAnAM kSetramAM sarvoparitA nA sAhacaryamAM vasatI hatI prajAnA dainika jIvanamAM ja prApta karI hatI. jyAre eziyAe alpavikasita pradeza tarIke nahi, enA rAjakIya saMgaThThana suddhAMmAM eka viziSTa kenTinI DhAMcI sAdhana sAmagrI ane virATa prajAnA praznothI jakaDAyelI anaupacArikatA jovAmAM AvatI hatI ane rAjakIya sattA hAlatamAM bIjAnA sahAre lathaDatI cAle AgaLa vadhavAnuM prajA jIvananAM amuka ja pAsAM ke hissAne sparzatI hatI. hatuM. jo ke pAne A bAtamAM apavAda rUpa rahyuM. e pazcima prajA rAjAzAhI ane vaDIlazAhIthI TevAyelI hatI, ane ene sAtha paNa padho karI zake evI pragati sAdhI zakayuM. mana nivaiyaktika kAyadA kAnuno karatAM sattAdhizenI IcchAnuM alabatta eka pheraphAra to ahIM thayo ja. artha pradhAna mukhya vizeSa rahetuM hatuM, jenA keTalAka phAyadA hatA tema nuka- sabhyatA mATe ahIM avakAza ubhe thayo. ane rAjyasattAnuM zAna paNa hatuM; AthI kayAreka prajAne zAsakenI sIdhI haMpha rUpa badalAyuM. pariNAme pazcimanA rAjakIya ane Arthika maLI rahetI to kayAreka enuM amaryAda zeSaNa paNa thatuM. dazAnI ahIM AyAta karavAmAM AvI. paraMtu eTalI ja | upalA vargamAM bAhyacAranA anukaraNa dvArA sAheba saratAthI vaiyaktika ane sAmAjika darzananI AyAta thaI zAhI rItasama apanAvavAmAM Ave che te pazcimanA prabhAva zakI. nahIM. enA pariNAme eziyA eka tarapha pazcimanI kAna nIce thatAM pheraphArane prathama tabakko hatA. A prakriyA AgaLa kepI na banI zakyuM. te bIjI tarapha pitAnI asmitAnI vadhatAM chevaTe eka prajA tarIkenI jIvanarItimAM eka mahatva jAgRti mATenIM. potAnI AgavI pratibhAne pragaTa karI ene paNa parivartanano AraMbha thAya che. A parivartanane abhigama navajanma ApavAnI pazcimanA vikAsanA uttama aMzene samAvI zaherIkaraNa ane audyogIkaraNa taraphane hato ane emAM paraM. laI enI sabhyatAnI maryAdAothI upara uThavAno mArga taiyAra parAniSTa dhArmikatAnA sthAne buddhiniSTha vyaktivAdanI sthApanA karavAnI zakyatA paNa rahI. eziyA yuropanuM khaMDiyuM rAjya mATenuM valaNa raheluM hatuM. prajAmAM Arthika pravRttinuM mahatva na banI zakayuM; e eziyA temaja samagra mAnava jAtinAM vadhatuM gayuM ane chevaTe eka evI sthitinuM nirmANa thayuM. eziyA samRddhinA abhAvathI pIDAya che ane kAMIka pramAdamasta jemAM e jIvananI eka pramukha pravRtti banI rahe ane rAjya paNa che chatAM enuM saMpUrNa pazcimIkaraNa nathI thaI zakayu. e sattA paNa enI pakaDamAM AvI jAya. Ama ahIM saMpatti ane svayaM eka mahatvapUNa, bAbata che ane A bAbata mAtra enI sattAnuM mIlana sadhAyuM. maryAdAonI ja nahI paNa enI vizeSatA nI paNa sUcaka che paNa eziyA mATe pazcimanI kArbana kopI banI rahe AtmAnimukhatA athavAM AdhyAtmikatA e enAM prANa che. vAnuM to saMbhava nahotuM ja. eziyAnI keTalIka maryAdAo ane tethI e bhautikAtAmAM saMpUNe khUMpI jaI zake nahi bhale che tema vizeSatAo paNa che e enuM kAraNa che. enA mAna- eDoka samaya enAthI mugdha thAya. ane e paNa eja kAraNe sika valaNa ane paristhiti te e mATe pUrepUrAM anukULa ke jAgye ajANye ahIM bhautikatA ane samRddhinI upekSA nahotAM. ja audyogIkaraNanI doDamAM moDI zarUAta karavAnuM thaI hatI. tathA bhautikatA ane AdhyAtmikatA vacce khAI enA bhAge AvyuM hovAthI e pAchaLa rahe e te svAbhAvika UbhI karavAmAM AvI hatI. je kharekhara yogya nahetu AthI ja Jain Education Intenational

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128 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 ahIMnI AdhyAtmika sidhionI sAthe ahIMnA jIvanamAM neAraMbha pazcimamAM thayo paraMtu eziyA para yuropanA paNa zithilatA AvI hatI. sAcI adhyAtmikatA ane bhautika AkramaNa bAda, A prakriyA nuM ahIMja A prakriyA enI Toca samRdhdhi vacce tatvataH virodha nathI. bhautikatA AtmAnI para pahoMcI zakaze. eziyAnA navajAgRtine marma te A che. abhivyakitanuM sAdhana ane mAdhyama che. ene ja te enuM eziyAnA maMca upara Arthika pravRtinuM mahatva dhIre ane sRSTinA sarjana tathA vikAsanuM rahasya raheluM che. Ama dhIre vadhatuM gayuM tema tema ahIMnA jIvanamAM spardhAtmaka ane AdhyAtmika lakSya bhautikatAnI upekSA dvArA nahi paraMtu enA varNavAdI jIvana praNAvI mULa nAMkhavA lAgI, ane paraMparAvAdI virya dvArA AtmAnI abhivyakitane sAdhana ane mAdhyama samAja racanA sAthe enuM mizraNa thatuM gayuM', e sAthe tarIke enAM rUpAMtara dvArA siddha thAya che. ane A hetuthI pazcimanA jevAM rAjakIya saMgaThana ahIM AkAra levA lAgyA. ja bhautika tatva paNa svIkAra ane abhivRddhi karavAnI pazcimanA itihAsanAM audyogika krAMti ane krAMsanI rAjayarahe che. ane pazcimIkaraNanI A prakriyA e mATe avasara kAMti e be ghaTanAoe adhunika yuganA nirmANamAM mahatvane prastuta kare che. enI maryAdAo paNa kAMika agamya rIte phALo Ape che. enAthI eka mahatvano pheraphAra !. enI vahAre ja dhAtI dekhAya che. jethI e narI bhautikatAmAM rAjAo ane sAmatenI sattAne aMta Avyo ane eka sarI paDI potAnuM svatva khAI nade je e potAnuM svatva na va mere AvyA temaja lokazAhIne pAye naMkhAyAM khAI de te e pragati kare ke na kare. enu pazcimI karaNuM lokazAhIne udaya e mAnava vikAsano eka mahatvapUrNa thAya ke na thAya paNa enuM mRtyu to avazya thAya. sImAstaMbha che. ane e eka navA samAjanuM darzAve prastuta kare che. parantu A navI zAsana ane jIvananI praNAlI je Ama eziyAmAM bAhya jIvananAM pazcimI karaNanI rIte vikAsa pAmI temAMthI spardhAtmaka ane muDIvAdI samAjanuM sAthe sAthe ene aMtarAtmA agamya rIte koI navI nimaNu thayuM jemAM vizALa mAnava samudAyanuM Arthika ane dizAnI zodha karI rahyo hate. eziyAnI asmitA jAgI sAmAjika zeSaNa thatuM rahe pariNAme samAjamAM amIra ane rahI hatI. enuM hadaya koI navI bhAvanA jhIlavAne mathI rahyuM garIba e be vargonuM nirmANa thayuM, ane emanI vacce hatuM jemAM enuM svatva punarjanma pAme. A eziyAnA saMgharSa anivArya bane enA pratyAghAta rUpe muDIvAdI navajAgaraNane kALa hatuM, ane Aja kALamAM paradezI Adhi- lekazAhInI sAme sAmyavAdI saramukhatyAra zAhIne prAdurbhAva patyamAMthI dhIme dhIme eziyAnA deze mukata thavA lAgyA tha pachI AkhuM jagata muDIvAdI ane sAmyavAdI evI be rAjakIya svAtaMtratAe dezanA vatvanI prApti ane vikAsa chAvaNIo vacce vaheMcAI gayuM A be vacce vacce mATenI pAyAnI zarata che. enA A revatvane saMbaMdha jIvananAM saMgharSa have jagatane mATe eka mahAna paDakAra banIne Ubheche AdhyAtmika mUlyo sAthe che. eziyAnI purAtana dhArmikatAnuM ane eNe jagatane eka abhUtapUrva ApattinA Are lAvI bAhma mALakhuM bhale jarI pUrANuM thaI gayuM hovAthI kharI mUkayuM che. eziyAmAM cAlatI AdhunikaraNanI prakriyAnA kAraNe paDavAnuM hoya. paNa e pAtA aMdara mAnava jIvananA keika eDI paNa pazcima jevA Arthika ane rAjakIya saMgaThananuM sanAtana tatvane dhAraNa karatuM hatuM emAM e sanAtana tatva nirmANa thayuM ane ene paNa A vizvavyApI saMdharSomAM sAthe vyakti ane samAjanA jIvananI gati vidhine joDavAnA bhAgIdAra thavAnuM bhAge AvyuM. prayAsano paDagho paDato hate. jIvananI sArthakatAnI zodhamAM manuSya eka sAmAjika prANI che ane samAja tathA mAnava AtmAe A sanAtana tatva ta2pha ja vaLavAnuM rahe che. rAjaya enA jIvanamAM atyaMta mahatvane bhAga bhajave che. samAdhinI manuSyane jarUra kharI. pazu ene ethI vizeSa paNa manuSyanI vRttio ane vyavahAranuM samucita niyamana thatu kAMIka joIe. che. have lAMbA samaya samRddhinI avagaNanA nahi rahe e vyakitagata ane sAmudAyika rIte manuSyanA manuSya thaI zake, paraMtu ziyAe samRdhinI je upAsanA karavAnI che tarIkenA vikAsa mATenI eka anivArya AvazyakatA che, A te pazcimanuM AMdhaLuM anukaraNa karIne te nahi ja, eNe e mATe niyamane e samAja ane rAjayanuM kArya bane che. sAmAjika pitAnA ke AgavI rIta zodhavAnI raheze je pazcimanI niyamina rIti rivAjo ane paraMparAo dvArA thatuM anausamadhi mATenI doDamAMthI UbhI thatI samasyA ene TALI pacArika niyamana che ane rAjyanuM sarakAra tathA kAyadA zake ane ukelI paNa zake, ane e rIte eka susaMvAdI kAnano dvArA thatuM opacArika ke vidhi pUrvakanuM niyamana mAnava jIvananI bhUmikA racI AvI zake. pazcime jagatane che. A banne dvArA je niyamana thAya che te bAhya koTinuM je ApyuM che e bhegavIne ja eziyA tRpta rahI zake nahi. che. e manuSyanI manuSya tarIkenI prAraMbhika avasthAmAM bhale ene paNa mAnavajAtinI pragatimAM potAnuM AgavuM pradAna Avazyaka hoya paNa eno vikAsa thatAM jyAre enAM svatva ApavAnuM rahe che. A pradAna pUrva ane pazcimane samaya no prAdurbhAva thAya che tyAre te enAthI akaLAya che. A racI Apaze ane evA samanvaya upara ja mAnava jAtinA akaLAmaNa e enI svachaMdatA mATenI spRhA no nahi bhAvinI ujavaLatAne AdhAra che. mAnava jAtinA AdhunIkaraNa paNa svataMtra hastInA nirmANanI AvazyakatAno saMketa kare che, samRddhi AgavI rIta thavAnA nahi ja eNe enA tarIkenA vikAsa sarakAra tathA kAyadA pazcime jagatane nA dvArA thatuM opacArika Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 129 paNa thavuM joIe. paraMtu svataMtra rIte potAnuM hita bhAgya nirNaya teija a 4 ja joIe. nivamA Ave che. mArI sadhAI raheze. je vyavahAramAM kAMIka patana kAryajaie, paraMtu prAkRtika baLe te e baLe ne ? mAlika pAse muDI la blika rIte sakatI. A taMtrate rahevuM ja joIe. niyamana paNa thavuM joIe. paraMtu ke lekazAhIne pAye vyakti svAtaMtrya che. AthI vyakitao joIe, paraMtu enuM kendra khasIne svamAM Ave che. manuSyanA svataMtra rIte pitAnuM hita sAdhe te sarvanuM hita Ape Apa jIvananI gati vidhi prAkRtika baLane vaza rahe e enAM sadhAI raheze. dareke pitAnAM bhAgyane nirNaya pite ja levAne jIvananuM eka pAsuM che. paraMtu enI vizeSatA to e baLe ne rahyo. A sAdu kathana vyavahAramAM kAMIka judI sthiti race viza karI emAMthI pitAne anurUpa evASaryAvaraNanuM nirmANa che. mAlika pAse muDI hoya ane majura pAse potAnI kAryakaravAmAM rahelI che. mAnava saMskRti ane sabhyatA e prAkRtika zakti. e bAbatamAM baMne saiddhAttvika rIte svataMtra kharAM. baLo ane saMjoge Upara manuSyanAM svatvanI mudrA aMkita thAya paraMtu vyavahAramAM temanI svataMtratA samakakSa nathI hotI. A che. enA pariNAma che. emAM manuSyanI draSTi ane sAmarthya sthitimAM mAlika kAMIka vadhAre svataMtra hoya che. pariNAme svAtaMtra jhaLakatu dekhAya che, ahIM manuSya pote sRSTinuM kevaLa vyaktiniSTha samAjamAM jAye ajANe sattA ane saMpattinuM eka sarjana jana rahetAM sarjaka paNa bane che, ane A kendrikaraNa thavA lAge che. emAM spardhAnuM tatvabhaLatAM A sarjakatvamAM enA pitAnAM astitva nI sArthakatAnI pratIti thAya kendrikaraNanI pravRtti vega pakaDe che. ane kAMIka ugra paNa bane che, mAnava itihAsa e A viziSTa sakatvanA prAgaTaya che. ane spardhA to pragati mATenI Avazyaka zarata manAya che. ane AvirbhAvano itihAsa che. spardhAnI paristhitimAM lakSyane pahoMcavA uparAMta AgaLa spardhaka pAchaLa paDe ane pAchaLane AgaLa na jAya tenI manuSya keI brAhya dabANa ke doravANIthI saMcAlita thAya kALajI levAnuM valaNa paNa rahe che. AmAMthI vyakti vyakitanA e enI eka avasthA che. paraMtu e potAnuM sAcuM svarUpa tyAre hite vacce virodha ubho thAya che tathA AtmakendrI banI kaI ja prApta kare che jyAre te A bAhya preraNA ke niyaMtragunI paNa bhege pitAnuM hIta sAdhI levAnI vRtti janme che. A AvazyakatathI upara UThe, ane potAnA paga upara ubhA rahI vRtti paristhitine zakaya eTale vadhAre lAbha jhuMTavI levA pitAnI daSTa mujaba cAle. tyAre kaI baLa ke dabANa nahi tarapha manuSyane dore che. ane svArtha parAyaNatA e jIvanane paraMtu aucityabhAvanA e enuM preraka baLa bane che. ane A eka sarva vyApI niyama banI rahe che. enuM pariNAma e Ave thI nA AMtarika baLathI prerAIne e tamAma bAhya baLAne che ke amuka sthAnoe sattA ane saMpatti ekaThAM thatAM jAya ane Apattione ye mukAbale karavAnI hiMmata keLave che. che ane Ama varganuM zeSaNa thavA lAge che. lokazAhInuM evI sthitimAM bhautika ane sAmAjika paribaLe enA niyA mALakhuM te TakI rahe che, parantu sattA te lokonA nAme maka tatvo na rahetAM tenA puruSArtha mATenI sAmagrI rUpa banI amuka vyakitao ke juthonA hAthamAM ja sarI paDe che. ane rahe che. AvuM thAya che tyAre sAcA manuSyano prAdurbhAva thAya eno upaga tathA upabhega emanI manaSkitA upara nirbhara che. mAnava saMsthAonuM svarUpa paNa A AvazyakatAne paDagho pADe che ane ene anulakSIne parivartana pAme che. lekazAhIne udaya e A rahasyane AviSkAra che. Ama lo.zAhI spardhAtmaka ane muDIvAdI samAjanI racanAmAM pariName che. jemAM bahujana samAja te amuka bhAgya. lokazAhI eka navIna mAnavatA ane navIna samAjanuM darzana prastuta kare che. A darzana phrAMsanI rAjyakAMtinI vAta sALIonA hitanuM sAdhana mAha banI rahe che ane chevaTe tratA, samAnatA ane baMdhutA e trisUrImAM pragaTa thAya che. samAnatAnA mUlyane hAsa thAya che. paraMtu lekazAhInA mALakhAmAM A maMtranA prabhAve pAmara mAnava samudAya huMkAra karIne ekavAra bahujana samAja potAnA adhikAro mATe jAgRta thaI gayA hovAthI amIra ane garIbo vacceno vargasaMgharSa ugra beTho thaye ane dUragAmI asaro nipajAvatI eka mahAna krAMti banI AvI. Ama svataMtratAnI mUlyane kendramAM rAkhIne bane che. e sthitimAM ene pratyAghAta rUpe samAnatAnA mUlyane prayoga zarU thAya che. spardhAtmaka muDIvAda vyaktine sAmasAme lekazAhInuM maMDANa thayuM. rAjAzAhI uthalI paDI. sattA lokonA ? hAthamAM AvI. sattAnuM vikendrIkaraNa thAya ane loko te makI daI saMdhaSanI paristhitinuM nirmANa kare che. emAMthI ja potAnuM zAsana kare athavA e zAsana kAryanA pratyakSa yA kadApi susaMvAdI samAjanI racanA thaI zake nahi. ane emAM rahelI svataMtratA paNa kharekhara te prAmaka ja hoya che. tethI pakSa bhAgIdAra to hoya ja evI rAjyavyavasthA ane samAja mAnavanA hitane badale kevaLa ahita thatuM ja jovAmAM Ave vyavasthAnuM vana manuSyanA mAnasamAM daDha thayuM. che. kharuM mAnavahita AvA saMgharSa dvArA nahi. paraMtu vyakti paraMtu mAnava paristhiti dhAryo vaLAMka laI zakI nahi vyakti vaccenA sahakAra dvArA ja prApta thaI zake AthI ane lokazAhI pAse apekSita pariNuma siddha na thayAM. ane svataMtratAne badale samAnatAnA mUlyane anulakSIne sahakArI sAmAjika tathA Arthika asamAnatA ane zeSaNanI paristhiti samAjanA nirmANa mATe yatna thI joIe. paNa sahakAranI nirmAI ane svataMtratA ne samAnatA e be paraspara virodhI bAbatamAM evuM bane che ke tyAM je kaI dAba na hoya te kArya mUlyo hoya evo AbhAsa pedA thaye. ema kahevAmAM AvyuM kathaLatuM jAya che. spardhAnI paristhitimAM AgaLano spardhaka Jain Education Intenational

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130 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 pAchaLa jAya ane pAchaLane AgaLa na vadhe enI ciMtA DAM pheraphAra paNa karyA; parantu sAmyavAdanI pAyAnI dRSTi hoya che, tema ahIM sahakAramAM vyakti pite pAchaLa rahevAnuM sacavAI tyAM rahI ane eNe eziyAmAM sAmyavAdane vistAra pasaMda kare ane lAbhanI bAbatamAM potAne bhAga meTo rahe vadhAravAnuM zarU karyuM. pUrva ane dakSiNa pUrva eziyAmAM enI ema Iche. pariNAme saphaLa sahakArI pravRtti mATe kaDaka niya- ANa pravartAvA lAgI ane tibeTanA bAraNethI bhAratamAM paNa mana ane nirIkSaNa jarUrI bane che. Ama sahakArI samAja praveza karavAnA enA manoratha hatAM, je saphaLa thaI zakyA. racanA mATe saramukhatyAra zAhIcI jarUra UbhI thAya che. je nahi. chevaTe svataMtratAne bhega le che ane manuSyane eka virATayaMtrane eka bhAga banAvIne daI enA svatvane haNI le che mAnava eziyAmAM A baMne chAvaNIo vaccenA saMgharSo ugna pragati mATe A sthiti paNa bAdhaka ja bane che. mukti e 21 rUpa lIdhuM te bIjI tarapha enA samAdhAna mATenA prayAsa manuSyanA manuSya tarIke nA vikAsanI pAyAnI zarata che. enA paNa zarU thayo. emAMthI lekazAhI samAjavAda athavA samAjabhege bIjuM je kAMI banI Ave paNa te manuSyatAne te vAdI lekazAhInA saMgaThano racAtAM gayAM. bhArate potAnA mizra bhega ja le che. AthI sAmyavAdanAM saramukhatyArazAhI sagaThanamAM arthataMtranA mALakhA dvArA A dizAmAM ja prayoga zarU karyo buddhizIlene vidroha AkAra le che. che. paraMtu saiddhAMtika rIte bhale AkarSaka lAgatuM hoya, paNa vyavahAramAM A benuM mIlana sahaja banI zakayuM nahi. AvAM Ama svataMtratA ane samAnatAnA mUlyo paraspara vidhAtaka saMgaThane lekazAhI sAcavavA jAya te samAjavAda sarI paDe thatAM jovAmAM Ave che ane sattA temaja saMpattinA vikendri- ane samAjavAdane sAcavavA jAya te lekazAhI naSTa thatI karaNane prayAsa chevaTe enAM navAM kendro racI Ape che. jAya. chatAM baMnenAM sahaastitvano dekhAva TakAvI rAkhavAnI sAmAnya mANasa pahelAM eka mAlikanI sevA karate hate have mathAmaNamAM arthataMtra ane rAjayataMtra banne kathaLatAM gayAM; tene bIjA mAlikanI sevA karavAnuM bhAge Ave che. mAlika ane eka ataMtratAnI sthiti racAvA lAgI. vyakitao ane badalAya che. paNa tenuM bhAgya to eja rahe che ane varga sama juthe A sthitimAM potAnI sattA TakAvI rAkhavAnI ke vadhAjasya ke varga nAbUdI to jANe svapnavat banI jAya che. jagata ravAnI peravImAM vyasta rahevA lAgyA. A parathI evI pratIti muDIvAdI ane sAmyavAdI chAvAnuM vacce vaheMcAI jAya che, thAya che ke sattA ane saMpatti te bahujana samAjamAM vikedareka chAvaNI pitAnI pUrI tAkAta sAthe vizvane sara karavA mathe drita thaIne vyApI zake nahi e ene je ke i jhuMTavI che ane eziyA paNa A saMgharSamAM saMDovAya che. pachI te laI zake tene ja adhIna rahe. ane bahujana samAjane te A saMgharSa mUlyanA saMgharSane badale enA sAcAM rUpamAM kevaLa kevaLa lAcArIthI A khela jotAM rahevAnuM ja bhAgya zeSa sattAno ja saMdharSa banI rahe che. sAmyavAdI deze jyAM sAmya rahyuM hoya che. pahelAMne bahujana samAja potAnI AvI vAdane kaI avakAza nathI tene sahAya kare che ane lokazAhI lAcArIne bhAgyAdhIna mAnIne samAdhAna meLavI zakatA hatA, deza sAmyavAdane khALavA mATe lekazAhI virodhI paribaLete te paNa tenA mATe have zakaya rahyuM nathI. have enuM svatva paSe che. jAgRta thayuM che e sthitimAM te kazuM nimAvI levAne taiyAra nathI. te upalabdha lAbhamAM potAnA hissAnI paNa mAga kare che; vIsamI sadI eziyAnI kramika mutine samaya che. A tathA e lAbha sIdhe na maLI rahe te zakya eTalA vadhAre ja enA nava nirmANane paNa samaya bane che. ane bahu ja pramANamAM ene jhuMTavI levAne paNa te tatpara thayo che. enuM svAbhAvika rIte svataMtratA ane samAnatAnA mUlyo para AdhA adhikAranuM bhAna prabaLa banyuM che. koI paNa bhoge e pitAnuM rita rAjyavyavasthAnA prayoga ahIM zarU thAya che. ane dhAryuM karI levAne medAne paDyo che. emAMthI eka sarvavyApI audyogika pragati mATenA kAryakrama hAtha para dharavAmAM Ave che. tathA sAmAjika nyAya ane uMcA jIvana dheraNa mATenA ataMtratA phelAvI jAya che. yatna paNa thAya che. eziyAnA dezamAM AraMbhamAM lekazAhI eka bIje paNa mahatvapUrNa pheraphAra thaye. Adhunika mATenuM AkarSaNa hatuM. paraMtu bhAratane bAda karatAM bIjA koI yuganA Agamana pahelAM sattA ane saMpatti amuka sthAe dezamAM lokazAhI sthira thai zakI nahi. kAM te temaNe saramukha. paraMparAgata rIte sthira hatAM. alabatta emAMthI saMghaSa jAgate tyArazAhIne svIkAra karyo athavA sAmyavAdane. ane bhAratanI jenA pariNAme sattA ane saMpatti hastAMtarita paNa thatAM. lekazAhI paNa mukata arthataMtrane badale mizra arthataMtra tarapha AnA chAMTA bahujana samAjane paNa uMDatAM. paraMtu emane AnI vaLI; thoDuMka vAmapaMthI valaNa paNa emAM vadhatuM gayuM. paraMtu sAthe kaI sIdhI nirmAta rahetI nahi. have bahujana samAjanI eziyAne moTo bhAge yenakena prakAreNu sAmyavAdanA prabhAva asmitA jegRta thatAM, sau koI sattA ane saMpattinI prAptinI nIce Avate gayo. eziyAmAM sAmyavAdanuM mukhya kendra cIna doDamAM jADAvA lAgyA che ane kAMI nati te emAM pitAnA banyuM. eNe lokazAhIne phagAvI dIdhI tathA potAnA dezanI bhAgano dA to kare ja che. svataMtratA ane samAnatAnA mUlyo khetI pradhAnatAne anulakSIne sAmyavAdanA bAhaya mALakhAmAM A mAgane vAcA Ape che. emAMthI lekazAhI athavA samAja Jain Education Interational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 131 vAdI athavA lekazAhI samAjavAdI saMgaThane AkAra le che. mATe puruSArtha mAnava svabhAva upara ekAgra thavo joItuM hatuM, paraMtu A prakriyA dvArA paNa vAstavamAM saMpatti ane sattAnuM enA dvArA manuSyanA manuSya tarIkenA parivartananI apekSA rakhAtI kharekhara vikendrIkaraNa thavAne badale te eka yA bIjA kendramAM hatI, paraMtu ApaNe to kaI bhaLatA ja kAryakrama hAtha dharyo ekAgra banatAM jAya che. pariNAme rAjakIya ane Arthika ane emAM niSphaLatA sAMpaDe e bI kaI navAI nathI. svataMtratA temaja samAnatA mAtra siddhAMta pUratAM ja TakI rahe che ane vAstavika paristhiti ataMtratA bhaNI kheMcAtI jAya che. mAnava svabhAva pitAnI sapADI paranI cetanAthI pitAnI saMkUcita svArthaparAyaNatAthI upara uThe tyAre ja tene sAcI svataMtratA ane samAnatA e momAM te evuM kazuM baMdhutAnI manuSya manuSya vaccenA AMtarika saMbaMdhanI pratIti nathI je kAraNe temanI vacce virodha ume thAya. A baMne thAya che. je manuSyane ane temanA hitane koI evI eka ISTa mUlyo che ane emanI eka sAthe siddhi mAnava hitArthe vizALatAmAM joDI Ape che ke temanI vacce sahaja saMvAditA Avazyaka lAge che ane svataMtratA vinAnI samAnatA ane racAI zake. enA abhAvamAM saMkucita svArtha parAyaNatAnI samAnatA vinAnI svataMtratA to nirarthaka ja banI rahe che paNa kakSAe te svataMtratA spardhAmAM ja pariName ane samAnatAnI ahIM vicAra ane vAstavikatA vacce eka moTI khAI ubhI prApti mATe jarUrI sahakAra uparanA keI dabANa vinA zakaya thAya che. vicAra udAtta banIne keTalIye AzAo prajAnI na bhane. lokazAhInuM muDIvAdI hevu anivArya nathI. temaja samakSa kema na dharato hoya paNa prajAe te vyaktivAdI muDI. sAmyavAdanuM saramukhatyArazAhI hovuM paNa anivArya nathI ane vAda je rAjyavAdI muDIvAda vacce jholA khAvAnuM thAya che ekamAM svataMtratA tathA samAnatAnI vacceno virodha to anivArya lekazAhIno AbhAsa rahe che. bIjAmAM spaSya saramukhatyArazAhI nathI ja. paraMtu manuSyanI saMkucita svArthaparAyaNatAnI bhUmikAe athavA rAjyazAhI pravarte che. paraMtu baMne sthAnoe rdhA ane te avuM ja bane. manuSya eka svArtha parAyaNa hastI che je saMgharSanI paristhiti pedA thAya che ane pariNAme Aje kaI paNa bhege pitAne mATe vadhune vadhu lAbha meLavI levA rAjyataMtra ke arthataMtra e muka vyaktio ke 9 thanA kabajAmAM Icche che ane potAnI IcchAo temaja AkAMkSAonI vadhumAM hoI zake, paNa tyAM e thira rahI zake nahi bIjA sAhasike vadhu tRpti jhaMkhe che. bIjA badhA enA spardhake che. pitAnA enA para TAMpI ja beThA hoya che. Ama taMtrane kabajo meLa- hita mATe emanuM avalaMbana jarUrI hovAthI temanI sAthe e va ane ene TakAvI rAkhavo e ja jANe ke eka pAyAno saMbaMdha bhale rAkhe, paraMtu e sabhAnatA sAthe ke chevaTe badhA puruSArtha banI rahe che, A sthitimAM prajAhita mATeno kepa- potapotAnuM ja karI levAmAM vyasta hoya che ane pote bheLapaNa kAryakrama gaMbhIratAthI hAtha dharI zakAya nahi, e to spaSTa che. paNamAM kayAMya pAchaLa na rahI jAya. manuSya paristhiti pAsethI Ama eka sarvavyApI asaMteSanI paristhitinuM nirmANa thAya che. pitAnuM bhAgya jhuMTavI levAnuM rahe che, e kAMI manuSyane bakSisa rUpe maLavAnuM nathI. Ama kaI paNa bhege saphaLatAnI philasUphI Ama zAthI bane che ? svataMtratA samAnatA ane baMdhu AkAra le che. A philasuDIne pachI Adaze ane siddhAMtanA tAnI trisUtramAM navA samAjanuM eka bhavya darzana vihita che vAghA paherAvIne AkarSakarUpa bhale ApI devAya; kAraNa ke ane A darzana kevaLa kalapanA vihAra paNa nathI. paNa ema lAge manuSya to chevaTe manamaya prANI che ne? che ke A darzanane enA yathArtha ane pUrNa rUpe ApaNe jhIlI zakyA nathI. emAMya baMdhutAnA mUlyanI to upekSA ja thaI hoya uparyukta daza namAMthI Aje AvyA che eja pariNAma ema lAge che kAraNa e jaNAya che ke A mUlyanA AdhAre kaI Ave. A dazananA pAyAmAM sagharSanuM tatva raheluM che. AthI saMgaThana racI zakAya ema nathI; athavA kevaLa saMgaThana dvArA enuM pariNAma paNa vaiyakiDaka ane sAmudAyika jIvananI chinnaenI upAsanA thaI zake ema nathI, baMdhutA e premanuM ja bhinnatAmAM Ave e svAbhAvika che. A sthitine TALavI eka rUpa che ane e hadaya ane aMtarAtmAno guNa che. heya te manuSya potAnI A avasthAthI ukhara uDI eka evI AthI ApaNI vyavahAra parAyaNa buddhineAnI koI upayogitA avasthAe pahoMcavuM rahyuM jayAM saMvAda svAbhAvika bane. e na paNa jaNAya. to pachI ravataMtratA ane samAnatA paNa mAnava mATenI zakayatA ane pAtranA manuSyanI aMdara che paNa kharI. AtmAnA ja guNe che ane manuSyanA manuSya tarIkenA vikAsa mAnavajIvana je TakI rahyuM hoya ane vikAsa pAmyuM hoya te tenI vinA emanI prApti paNa thatI nathI. jyAre thayuM evuM ke pAchaLajANye ajANye A paribaLa kAma karI rahyuM che. mANasa manuSyanI pitAnI aMdara koI parivartana ANyA vinA svataMtratA kevaLa svArtha parAyaNa jIva che, e tenuM adhUru dazana che e ane samAnatAnA mUlyo mATenAM bAhya saMgaThananuM nirmANa tenI eka avasthAnuM darzana karAve che, je tenA vikAsanA karavAmAM AvyuM, pariNAme A virodha pedA thaye. baMdhutAnA eka tabakake jarUrI hatI. paraMtu e paNa eka hakIkata che ke ke mUlyanI upekSAmAM svataMtratA ane samAnatA sAcAM rUpanI te potAnA svArthathI para thaI zake che, pitAnA premane vistAra 'paNa upekSA ja rahelI che. Ama A mUlyane sAkAra karavA karI zake che, ane avasara AvyuM e pitAnA tamAma lAbho Jain Education Intemational

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132 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 ne paNa jatAM karI zake che, eTaluM ja nahi, e pitAne rahe che. svataMtratA mATenI tenI abhIpsAmAM Aja Avazya bhega paNa ApI zake che; enI eka evI paNa avasthA che katAne paDagho paDe che. bAhya anuzAsananI ene jarUra na jyAre te lAbha ane hAninI paribhASAmAM vicArate ja aTakI rahe, ene jIvana vyavahAranuM anuzAsana AMtarika banI rahe, jAya che. arthazAstrano mArga ane pUravaThAne siddhAMta manuSyanI enA upara vyavahAranA koI ISTa rUpe bahArathI lAdavAmAM na svArtha parAyaNatA ane lAlasAnuM pratibiMba pADe che. tenI Ave paraMtu e badhA rUpa tenI AMtamuktine abhivyakta vikazIlatA ane prema mamatAnuM nahi. pUravaTho ghaTatAM bhAva karatAM hoya e enA astitvanI iSTa avasthA che. ane vadhe che tyAre emAM keInI Apatti ke nabaLAIne lAbha mAnava vikAsa tenI prAraMbhika avasthAthI A avasthA prati levAnI vRtti hoya che, AvI vRttine lIdhe ja yuddhamAM kALAM ja gati kare che. Aja kAraNe tenAM aMtaramAM sattA mukti bajAra thAya che. ane chevaTe kALAnANAM para Azrita tamAma ane svataMtratA mATenI jhaMkhanA jAge che tathA lekazAhIne aniSTo pAMgaravA lAge che. paNa enI sAme eka bIjI vRtti vicAra ane AkarSe che. A ja kAraNe te potAnI jAtane paNa che; ane te Apatti veLAe sahAyabhUta thavAnI tathA akaLa mAnava jAti sAthe kaI adITha ekatAnI saMkaLAyelI hakka pramANe je kAMI lAbha maLato hoya te paNa jate kara - jue che. ane tenI aMdara samAnatAnI bhAvanA jAge che. enA vAnI. mAnava itihAsamAM tenA saMgharSonI sAthe tenA samarpaNa svatvanI jAgRti sAthe enI sAme eka navA samAjanuM dAna ane svArpaNanAM darzana paNa thAya che. A vizALatAnI bhAvanA pragaTa thAya che, je vyaktio ane samudAyane judA pADanArI manuSyane mATe parAI te nathI ja. keTalAkanI aMdara pUratA dIvAla nathI banI rahetA jenI saMsthAe manuSyanA nimaMtrapramANamAM te vatteoche aMze sau koInI aMdara A bhAva NanA paribaLo na rahetAM tenI sarvocca AkAMkSAonI mukta rahele ja hoya che. eTaluM ja nahi; emAM ja manuSyane abhivyaktinA rUpa bane che, enA astitvanA AvirbhAvanA sAco svabhAva enuM sAcuM svatva raheluM che, e ja che jIvananI mAdhyama bane che. enI tamAma paristhiti tyAre enuM niyAdhAraNa zakti. manuSya potAnA A sAcAM svatvanI prApti maka paribaLa na 2 tAM enI AtmabhivyaktinI sAmagrI banI mATe pitAnI pravartamAna maryAdAothI upara uThI manuSya tarIke rahe che, jenA para enI sarjakatAe potAnuM kAma karavAnuM parivartana pAmavAno puruSArtha karavAnuM rahe che, eNe saMghaSane hoya manuSyanAM jagata sAthenA enI tamAma saMsthAo badale saMvAda, prema ane ekatAnI bhUmi upara AruDha thavAnuM ane saMgaThano sAthenA saMbaMdhanuM rUpa tyAre badalAI jAya che. rahe che. tyAM mAnava ekatA eka svAbhAvika lakSya banI rahe enA jIvana ane vyavahArane mULastrota ene kendra enuM che. A kakSAeja manuSyane potAnI sAcI svataMtratA maLe niyAmaka tatva e ene aMtarAtmA bane che e svakendrI che. evI svataMtratA ke je bIjAnI svataMtratA ane temanA bane che. paraMtu A sva e pele sapATI para ane saMkucita hitamAM bAdhaka nahi paNa sahAyaka bane. A svataMtratAmAMthI jIva nathI jenA bIjA jIve sAthe virodha hoya, e sva te spardhA ne badale sahaja samAnatAnI bhUmikA racAya che. enI aMdara rahele eka divya aMza che je ene samagra vizva mAnava jIvanamAM svataMtratA ane samAnatAnuM bahArathI ane ethIya para rahelAM parama tatva sAthe susaMvAdI rIte AropaNa thaI zake nahi. aMdarathI emane prAdurbhAva thavo joDI Ape che. A svanA prAgaTaya vinA sAcI svataMtratA joIe. bahAranA prayatno kevaLa svataMtratA ane samAnatAnA ane samAtA e saMbhava che. ane baMdhutAnuM mUlya sabhAna vAghA paherAvI Ape che. biTalA lagADI de che. AvuM thAya paNe A stranA prAgaTya upara bhAra mUke da. enI upekSAne che tyAre svataMtratA e samAnatA enA moMmAM pukAra mATenA kAraNe ja A viparIta sthitinuM nirmANa thayuM che. sUtre ja rahe che, jIvanamaMtra nathI banatA. vyavasthA ane manuSya e kevaLa prakRttinI upaja nathI. prakRttimAMthI taMtre paNa manuSyane mATe upayegI hoya che, paraMtu kevaLa e AvirbhAva pAme che, paNa prakRttinuM rUpAMtara karI temAM emanA dvArA manuSya badalAI jate nathI vartamAna yuganI je pitAnuM sarjana karavA e mathe che. AthI enA puruSArthanuM keI siddhi hoya to te e ke teNe A badhA bhrama bhAMgI maMDANa tenI A sajakatA ane svatva upara ja thavuM joIe dIdhA che. manuSya Aje sahaja rIte AvaraNamukata ane Agraha enI tamAma samasyAono ukelane tathA tenA bhAvino AdhAra mukta thaI pitAnAM svatvanI vAstavikatAnA saMparkamAM AvI A ja parivartana para rahele che ane Adhunika yuga pAchaLanuM rahyo che, jenI have upekSA thaI zake ema nathI. have tene preraka baLa paNa Aja AvazyakatA che. paraMparAgata samAjamAMthI pitAnA AMtarika vikAsanI AvazyakatAnI pratIti thaI cUkI vyakitavAdane prAdurbhAva thAya che, vaDIlazAhIe ane sattA che. bIjuM je kAMI e kare che. sarva A vikAsamAM piSaka zAhInuM 2thAne buddhivAda levA mathe che. emAM paNa eno ja ane pUraka na banAvAnuM hoya che tenuM koI mUlya rahetuM nathI. paDaghA paDe che. manuSya potAnAM sAcAM kendranI zedha kare, tadanusarva mUlyonuM uddagama tene aMtarAtmA che. sAra potAnA svabhAvanuM rUpAMtara sAdhe, manuSya tarIke potAne Ama manuSya potAnA svatva prata sabhAnapaNe vaLIne vikAsa sAdhe e tene eka kendravatI kAryakrama banI rahe eka pUrNa Atma sabhAnatAnI kakSAe AvavAno yatna karavA joIe. ane baMdhutAnuM mUlya ane kharekhara te A traNe Jain Education Intenational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 143 maLe A kAryakama upara ekAca thavAne ja Adeza Ape vAstavika che. kevaLa jANavuM ke e mujaba vartavuM enAthI che. A Adeza manuSyane tenI cetanAnI sapATI paranI saMku- e tRpta thatI nathI. enuM lakSya che. satyamaya banI rahevuM, citatAmAMthI mukata thaI aMtarAtmAnI vizALatA ane bhavyatAne jIvavuM, A AdhyAtmiktA AtmAnI zakitane jIvananAM maryApitAnA svabhAvamAM sAkSAtkAra karavA prere che. eka evI sthiti dita prajAnuM sAdhana banAvatI nathI. paraMtu jIvananI maryAtarapha ene gati karavAnI che. jyA baLa nahi paNa prema jIva- dAone e khelI Ape che ane asImatA satya ane prabhAva nanuM niyAmaka paribaLa bane, ane saMgharSanuM sthAna saMvAdamayatA pratye emane unmukha kare che. sImAbadhdha jagatamAM asImane le. A dizAnAM prArA vinA uparyukata traNe mUlyo asidhdha jhIlIne jagatanuM rUpAMtara karavA e mathe che. jagatane e ja rahe che bahAranA mALakhAmAM thoDAM pheraphAra karIne manuSya taiyAra kare che, vikasAve che; ene enA ujjavaLa bhAvi bhaNI emanI prAptI mATe je yatna karyo tenAthI evA prayAsa dorI jAya che. aMgenA enA bhrama have bhAMgyA che. manuSya eka yaMtra nathI. A AdhyAtmikatA dharmanI sImAo te kayAMya vaTAvI ane yaMtranI rIte enI mAvajata thaI zake nahi. enA jai vAstavika jIvanane enI samagratAmAM hAtha para le che. ane jIvanane upakrama e eka rautanyano upakrama che. A tathA ene badale che. pUrNa banAve che. emAM jIvananA bhAgalA manuSyanI sAme AdhyAtmika lakSya prastuta kare che. enuM jIvana pADIne keI bhAgane niSedha karavAnI ke koI sImita bhAgane AdhyAtmika jIvana banI rahe e enI parama AvazyakatA che. ja ane e paNa bIjAnAM bhege vikAsa karavAnI athavA evA Ama manuSyanuM Arthika ane rAjakIya tathA sAmAjika vikAsane AbhAsa racavAnI pravRtti te leza paNa nathI e jIvana ane tenA Adarzone AdhAra paNa chevaTe AdhyAtmika samagratA ane vAstavikatAnuM valaNa apanAve che. ane puNarUpAMtara ja che. sattA ane saMpatti paNa AdhyAtmika bhUmikAe tAnI dizA pakaDe che. ane Adhunika yuganI vizeSatA paNa ja manuSyane saMtRpta karI zake, tethI emanI sAthenA Aja dizAne saMketa kare che. keI eka varganA ja hitano saMbaMganI ..tti ane preraNA paNa AdhyAtmika ja hovA vicAra kare ane bahujana samAjanI kAMte upekSA karavI ke joize AdhyAtmiktA ane bhautika jIvana vacce tatvataH koI enI sAdhana tarIke gaNanA karavI e have zakya nathI. have vidhi nathI. je kAMi virodha dekhAya che te upalA starane saMskRti ane sabhyatA kevaLa eka varga pUratA sImita nahi rahI ane prAthamika tabakakAte ja che. bhautika jIvana paNa enAM zake. samagra mAnavajAtimAM e vyApta thaI javA joIze. ane kharA rUpamAM AtmAnI abhivyaktinuM mAdhyama che; enI aMdara samagra mAnava jAtinuM ekadama nIcalA varganuM sudhdhAM utthAna AtmAno prakAza jAko thApa, AtmAnI pUrNatAthI e thavuM joIze. mArkalanuM darzana A mAgane nAvA Ape che. e paripUrNa bane e ja te sarjana kAryanuM rahasya che. e ja ja rIte vyakita ane tenA jIvanane vicAra paNa samayAtmaka AdhyAtmika jIvananuM . lakSya paNa bane che. Adhunika yuge rIte tha joize. enI sapATI paranI cetanA ane jIvana ekAMgI bhotikatAnI maryAdAo chatI karI che, tema ekAMgI enA pUrepUrA astitvane AvarI letAM nathI. enI bhItara AdhyAtmikata nI maryAdAo paNa chatI karI che tathA bannenA keTaluMka DhAMkI rAkhavAmAM AvyuM che, dabAvI devAyuM che. yathArtha rahasyane pragaTa karI baMnenA samanvayanI bhUmikA racI avacetanamAM dhakelI devAyuM che. te paNa tenA 2stitva ApI che. evA have je AdhyAtmikatA pragaTa thaI rahI che no ja eka bhAga che. tenI upekSA thaI zake nahi. te jagata ane tenAM jIvanane potAnI aMdara AvarI le che enI upekSAne kAraNe ja vyaktitvanA bhAgalA paDe che. emAM tathA tenuM rUpAMtara kare che. e AdhyAtmikatA jagatane mAnava saMgharSa janme che, ane e niprANa banI jAya che. Aja jIvane eka nava janma Ape che. ane ahIM divyajIvananAM sudhInA dhama ane nItio A rIte bhAgalA pADIne damananI nimaNune puruSArtha hAtha 12 da. patti dvArA pitAnuM kAma karyu che. saMskRti ane sabhyatA tathA saMpatti ane sattA kevaLa upalA vargamAM ja kendrita sAcI AdhyAtmiktA e bAhyAcAranI bAbata nathI. thatAM vagabheda ane kaLa saMgharSanuM nirmANa thayuM, e ja rIte e manuSyane kevaLa sapATI para ja sparzatI nathI. paraMtu tenAM saMskAritA vyakita nautanyanA kevaLa upalA starane ja sparzatI AMtabAMdya akaLa jIvanano kabajo le che. ane tene badalavA hovAthI vRtti saMgharSa pedA thaye. jema saMskRtinuM kSetra tamAma mithe che. enI padhdhatti AMtabAMhya vaccenA virodhanI nathI. vargo sahita akhila mAnavajAti bane e jarUrI che tema ene kaI dekhAva racavAmAM ke keTalAka pariNAme dekhADavAmAM saMskAritAe paNa akhila mAnavane AvarI le che Ie; rasa nathI. AthI jIvana vRttione raMkavAnI tarachoDavAnI ke avacetana ane cetana vacceno bheda lepa pAmI tyAM saMvAditA emanuM damana karavAnI paddhatti te akhatyAra nathI karatI. tenI sajIvI joI e ova cetananuM paNa uvIkaraNa ane rUpAMtara fpadadhatti rUpAMtaranI hAya che. enI prAptine mAga niSedhAtmaka thavuM joIe, ane Ama vyakitatvamAM eka rAganuM nirmANa nathI 5 vidheyAtmaka che, ene abhigama AMzika nathI paNa thavuM joIe. AvuM thaze tyAre ja akhila mAnavatAnI saMskRsimagrAtmaka che, enI padhdhati vaicArika ke kApanika nahi paNa tine Adarza paNa sAkAra thaI zakaze. A mAtra manevigsa sAkalane darzana AS che. e ja ja rIte . laya paNa bane sAna Jain Education Intemational

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134 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 SaNamAM darzanamAM vAcA pAme che. ane chelle manuSya vyakita che ane ema lAge che ke A paDakAra jhIlI paNa levAyo che ane jAtinI akhilAI ane samagratAnI A mAga e eka bhAratane sAMprata itihAsa A hakIkatane sAkSI che. jagata. vaicArika tathya nathI. kharI mAnava saMskRti manuSyanI vAstavikatA AkhuM bAhya kaTokaTImAM aTavAIne enA ukela mATe potAnI upara vicAra ane tenA mUlyanuM AropaNa nathI; paNa vAsta- budhi zakti anusAra mathAmaNa karatuM rahe ane pariNAme vikatAnA aMtaratatvane pUrNa ane mukta vikAsa che. vicAra kaTokaTI ukelavAne badale kharekhara te gUMcavAtI jAya, evA e kRtrimatAnI racanA kare che. ane pariNAme vicAra ane samaye sapATI paranAM banAvanI bhItara mAnavajAtinA AdhyAvAstavikatA vacce bheda ane saMgharSa janme che. vicAranI tmika bhAvino pAyo paNa naMkhAI rahyo che. rAjA rAmamohanarAya kRtrimatAnAM A ApaNumAMthI mukitanI AvazyaktAnI mAga ane 2 rAmakRNathI A puruSArthane AraMbha thayo. ane zrI astitvavAdI darzanamAM vAcA pAme che. A traNe darzana araviMda A puruSAtha nA lakSyane enAM sAcAM ane pUrNa rUpamAM Adhunika jIvananI gati vidhinA kendra sthAne che. alabatta sAkAra karavA mathI rahyAM che. ane bAhya ghaTanAonAM DAImAM enA AviSkAramAM mAnavajAtinAM bhUtakALa ane vartamAnanI pravezIne enAM rahasyanuM je darzana karavAmAM Ave to tyAM maryAdAo ane enAM pratyAghAtonI chApa dekhAya che, paraMtu mAnava jAti mATe divyajIvananA AgamananI taiyArI cAlI enI pAchaLanuM mULa baLa vartamAnanAM enA AvirbhAvothIya rahI hovAnI pratIti thaze. eka navIna AdhyAtmika vizvapara jaI vyakti ane samaSTinA samagra jIvananI AdhyAtmika saMskRti AkAra laI rahI che. A saMskRti e bhArata ane rUpAMtara ane pUrNatAne nirdeza kare che. ane ene abhigama eziyAnI mAnavajAtine ApavAmAM AvanAra aNamola bheTa saMpUrNa paNe vAstavadazI che. haze. A ja bhArata ane eziyAnA ane samagra mAnava jAtinA bhAvinI dizA che. bhArata ane eziyAnI navajAgRtinuM manuSyano adhUrApaNunI alpatA ane kRtrimatAmAM rUMdhAI rahasya paNa A che. ane A rahasya pUrNapaNe pragaTa thaIne rahyo hato te have petAnI mukti ane pUrNa AvirbhAva jhaMkhe raheze. che. Adhunika yuge A jhaMkhanAne sAkAra karavAnI raheze. ane e AdhyAtmika jAgRti dvArA ja thaI zakaze. A jAgRti ane utthAna e have pachIno mAnavajAtine ekamAtra kAryakrama banI rahe joIze. A ja kAryakrama mAnavajAtine enA 0000000000000000000000000 rahasyanI pragati paNa karAvaze ane enA astitva sArthakaya zubhecchA pAThave che. bhaNI ene dorI jaze. Adhunika yuganI mathAmaNa ane kaTokaTIna mAM paNa A che. yuropamAM phrAMsanI rAyakAMti e zrI jana pragati maMDaLa-pAlItANA svataMtratA mATenI eka kAMti hatI. enA dvArA navA samAja jena yuvAna ane pIDha kAryakaronA saMgaThana ane nI trisUtrInuM prathama mUlya sakriya banavAnI zarUAta thaI. che sahakArathI "zrI jene pragati maMDaLa" pAlItANAmAM 2. raziyAnI rAjyakrAMtamAM samAnatAnuM bIjuM mUlya sakriya banyuM chevarSathI jena samAjanI aneka vidha sevA karI rahela che. paraMtu A adhUrI kAMtio che ane apekSita pariNAmethI e zuM avAranavAra jAhera vyAkhyAna jayati uo, ghaNI dUra rahI che. enI pUrNatA mATe have eka navI kAMti = yAtrALuone mArgadarzana, pracAra patrikAo, pustaka prakAzana, thavI joize. je baMdhutA mATenI AdhyAtmika kAMti haze. ane ane anya sAmAjika, dhArmika kAryakrama dvArA yatie krAMti sAthe ja mAnavatAnI kharekharI krAMti enA pUrNarUpamAM ciMta kArya karI rahela che. banI Avaze. ane satya mAnavanA eka prasthapta Adaraze. samAja ane zAsananA urSa mAM AvA sevAbhAvI A krAMtinuM kendra ane bhUmi eziyAe ane emAMya sava- 4 maMDaLa suMdara phALo ApI zake. zahera zahera ane gAmaDe zeSapaNe bhArate banavuM rahyuM. kAraNake paraMparAe eziyA ane gAmaDe AvA "pragati maMDaLo"nI AvazyakatA zrI bhAratIya bhAratane e mATenI vizeSa pAtratA bakSI che. e kAraNeja jena svayaMsevaka pariSade paNa svIkArI che. apavA sevAbhAvI kadAca mAnavajAtinA vartamAna jIvananI kaTokaTI ahIM gherI maMDaLane samAja pratsAhana Ape temaja ugra banI rahI che. ane eziyA vartamAna saMgharSanI 8 zrI jaina pragati maMDaLa karyAlaya kriDA bhUmi banyuM che. emAMya bhAratamAM te jANe ke vizvanI | mukhya bajAra-pAlItANA. tamAma samasyAo enA ugra rUpamAM ekatra thaI gaI che. A che lI. sevake vidhine ja eka saMketa haze ke A tamAma upara kAma karavA $ Do. bhAIlAla ema bAvIzI ema. bI. bI. esa. mATe tathA vizvane mATe eka navAM jIvanane pravega karavA mATe (pramukha) eNe bhAratane pasaMda karyuM hoya. ane ene e mATe ava. mANekacaMda khImacaMda bagaDIyA bI. esa. sI. bI. TI. sara A hoya AdhyAtmika puruSArthane mATe ne A paDakAra mAstara zAmajIbhAI bhAyacaMdabhAI 000000000000000000000000000000000000 che 2000 20000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jain Education Intemational

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hindI eziyAnI eka samudhdha bhASA zrI jayendra trivedI ApavI hAya ke adAlatamAM koI agatyanA cukAdA ApavAnA hoya, AkAzavANI parathI samAcAro prasArita karavA hAya ke duzmana dezane vidha -yAdI suprata karavI hAya tatvacarcA karavI hAya ke kavitA lakhavI hAya, Dagale ne pagale manuSya bhASAnA upayAga kare che. kUNI lAgaNIonuM pradarzana karavA paNa e vANInI sahAyatA le che te mananI melI murAdo paNa e bhASA dvArA vyakta karatA hoya che. TUMkamAM koIpaNu manuSya--samAjanI AzA-nirAzA; sukha-duHkha, raheNI zake... karaNI, rItarivAja, mojazeAkha; AcAra vicArane samajavA mATe bhASA jevuM uttama sAdhana bIjuM nathI. janasa`khyAnI dRSTie cInI pachI eziyAmAM tarataja hindInu' nAma levuM paDe. mahAna bhAratIya piravAranI te pramukha bhASA che. peAtAnA rojIMdA vyavahAra mATe karoDo loko tenA paLe paLa upayAga kare che, bIjA karADo leAkA tene sahelAithI apanAvI zake teTalI te temanI mAtRbhASAnI najIkanI che. bhArata bahAranA deze! mATe te bhAratane samajavAna bhAratanA lokone samajavA nI pramukha cAvI che. hindInA mAdhyama dvArA A dezanI saMskRti; sabhyatA, samAja vyavasthA, jIvana padhdhatine paricaya saMsAranA ghaNA kharA deze prApta karI te paristhiti bahu dUra nathI. koi paNa rASTranI AzA, AkAMkSA mahetA maryAdA tenI bhASAnA darpaNuMmAM spaSTa rIte pratibiMbita thatI haiAMi che. gaikAle dharmonuM .te vAhana banI hatI. Aje vijJAnanuM te vAhana banI rahI che. koIpaNa prajAnA hRdaya ane mastiSka nI bhUkha te dezanI bhASAnuM sAhitya ja tRpta karI zake che. kabIra sUra, tulasI, jAyasI, marA jevA bhakata kavienI vANI hindIbhASI temaja ahindI bhASI karoDo lokone Aja paNa zAMti ApI rahI che cada baradAI vidyApati bihuArI, dhanAnada jevA kavie sAhitya premI leAkAne Aja paNa rasatarabaLa karI rahyA che. maithilI zaraNa gupta ane premacaMdanA sAhitye bhAratIya saMskRtinA atIta temaja vamAnane supere citrita karela che. huArA sama kalame Aje pratidina sAruM vadhAre sAruM ane ethI vadhAre sAruM sAhitya sarjI rahI che. Aje hindI gulAma dezanA mAyakAMgalA lAkonI mAmulI bhASA nathI. te eka svataMtra mahAna dezanI virATa janatAnI rASTrabhASA banI che. Aje rASTranI zikSaNa - saMsthAe ja nahiM videzonI vidyApIThomAM paNa hindInA abhyAsa vidhivat thai rahyo che. laMDana nyUyA, mAska, TokiyeA perisa ane evA tamAma pramukha nagarAnA vizva vidyAlayeA mAM hindI bhaNunArA vidyAthI enI sakhyA vadhI rahe che. eziyAnA rASTro teA vizeSa kALajI pUrvaka A bhASAnuM adhyayana karAve che. kAraNa tenI dvArA ja bhAratanA AtmAnA paricaya temane maLI rahevAnA che. bhASA mAnava samAjanI abhivyaktinuM pramaLa sAdhana che. vANI vihIna manuSya jIvananI kalpanA karavI ja muzkela che. zAkabhAjInI kharIdI karavI heAya ke chApAmAM jAhera khabara ApavI hoya, kensara aMge karelAM za MzAdhane viSe mAhitI kadAca hindI ja jagatanI evI bhASA che jenI unnatimAM Dagale ne pagale virodha ane ane virodha AvyA ja karyAM heAya tene janamatAM veMta mArI nAkhavAnA prayAsa thayA hatA. paNa janatAnI bhASA kadI maratI heAtI nathI. jyAM sudhI te peAtAnA mAdhyamathI karoDo leAkeAnA bhAva ane vicArane vyakta karavAnI kSamatA dharAve che tyAM sudhI tenI upekSA karavI ke tenI pragatimAM rukAvaTa karavI sahelI nathI. koI paNa bhASAnI jIvana zaktinA kUpA e bhASA khelanArI prajAmAM cittamAM rahelA hAya che. tyAMthI amRtadhArA jyAM sudhI vahetI hoya tyAM sudhI enu jIvana surakSita ja che. hindInA vijayanuM rahasya Aja che. rAja rAja sekaDo pleTaphorma parathI te AlAya che, kuDIba'dha vidyApITho ane akhabAre; reDiyA, sinemA ane have TelIvijhana paNa hindI' dvArA peAtAne abhivyakta karI rahyA che. cAra cAra dAyakAothI lAkhA pracArako eka paNa paisA lIdhA sivAya koi bhASAnA pracAra pAchaLa niyamita rupe potAne amuka samaya ApatAM hoya tevA banAva haju eziyAmAM banavA mAkI che. mAtra lalita sAhityathI Aje kai paNa prajAnuM kAmakAja cAle nihu jJAna--vijJAnanI zAkhA--prazAkhAone pragaTa karatu puSkaLa sAhitya mahAna bhASA pAse hevu joie ane vadhatu rahevuM joie. A dizAmAM hindImAM Aje jeTaluM kAma thai rahyuM che. teTaluM ja kaipaNa bhAratIya bhASAmAM nathI thaI rahyuM. bhautika vijJAne ane sAmAjika vijJAna, dAkatarI ane ijanerI vikSAnA badhA kSetrAmAM je kAMi sa'sAramAM banI rahyu che tenA paDaghA hindI bhASAmAM Aje paDI rahyo che. saMdala granthAnI saMkhyA vadhI rahI che. zabdakozonI vipu latA dhyAna kheMce tevI che. vizvakoza pragaTa thaI cukayA che. sAhityakeza dhaNA kapriya banyA che. saMzodhana granthA moTI saMkhyAmAM

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136 prakAzita thai rahyo che. tema chatAM pazcimanI samRdhdha bhASA enI tulanAmAM mAtra pAMca dasa TakA kAma ja thayuM gaNAya hindIbhASA rAjasthAnI, padminI hindI putrI hindI bArI ane pahADI ema pAMca bAgamAM vaheMcAyelI che ane pAMcanA kula aDhAra upabheda che haju gai sudhI AmAMne vrajabhASAM nAmanA eka upabhedamukhya sAhityika bhASA tarIke vaparAtA tulasIdAse rAmAyaNa lakhIne avadhI beAlIne amara karI che.jene rASTrabhASA pade ApaNe sthApela che te khaDIbelInA vikAsa chellA pANesa eka varSamAM ja dhare che. kalakattAmAM sthApAyela viliyama koleja (1800-1853) nA gAcArya jaina gila krisTe hindI gadyanA vikAsa mATe vyavasthita prayatna karyAM tyAM sudhI mAtra padyasAhitya ja racAtu ane te paNa meTebhAge ja bhASAmAM bhAratendu harizcandra ane mahAvIra prasAda dvivedIe hiMdI sAhityane Adhunika yugane anurUpa banAvyuM kAzI nAgarI pracAraNI sabhA, hindI sAhitya sammelana, rASTrabhASA pracAra samiti, vardhA ane dikSabu bhArata hiMnI pracAra sabhAe DinInA zavyApI pracAra karyo 1949 nI 14 mI sapTembare bhAratanI lokasabhAe hindIne rAja bhASAnI mAnyatA ApavAno tihAsika bane pasAra karyo tyArathI 14 mI sapTembara AkhA bhArata varSamAM hindI dvivA tarIke ujavAya che bhAratanA pratyeka vidha vidhAlAyamAM to hindInA abhyAsa thai ja rahyo che paNa jaganI tamAma prakhyAta yutivarsiTIomAM hiMdInA adhyayananI sagavaDa prApta che. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe mArIya asmitA bhAga-2 sudhI anubhava karanAra ApaNu rASTra sthUla svataMtratA prApta karI zakayuM che paNa mAnasika dAsatA jatAM haju vakhata lAgye AjhAdI pahelAM ApaNI deza bhaktie je kA sidhdha karyo hato te kamanasIbe AjhAdI pachI nIcAM gayA che pariNAne ravadezI bhASA ane vastue taraphanA ApaNA prema ghaTayA che. A vRtine kAraNa bhAratIya bhASAonA vikAsa rU dhAi raho che. dhA paraMtu cintAnu` kei kAraNa nathI. pacIsa karoDa lekenI mAtRmAyA ane pacAsa sAr3a karoDa lokonI rASTrabhASAno vikAro kAithI rUthA ruMdhAya nihu jemanI mAtRbhASA hindI thI tevA agaNata lokoe ane samRdhdha karavAmAM petAnI zakti khacI che. jasTIsa zAradAcaraNa ane kezavacaMdrasena maMgALI hatA. nIlaka mahArAja mADI hata. rAjInA!mala bhASI hatA. yAna ane gAMdhIjI gujarAtI hatA. A badhAe ane emana lAkhA anya pIoe hindInA vikAsamAM rasa che. hindInA pahelA thatane pago bagALamAMthI nIkaLelA hindI pradezamAMthI pragaTa thayelA akhakhAromAM paNa baMgALImAno sahakAra hoya. Aje hindInA keTalAka zreSTha sAma zu kiMga lAvI pradezomAMthI nIkaLe che. A rIto bhAre utsAha preraka che. kAryo samakSa dezanA cintI potAnI mAtRbhASA jevI ja sahajatAthI hindImAM paNa vicAro pragaTa karIne hindI vikAsane eka navA AyAma ApavAnA che emA zaMkA nathI. Aje paNa judI judI mAtRbhASAvALA lekhake sIdhA DhuMDImAM ja lakhavA mAMDayA * AthI temane mA vAca samudAya sAMpaDe che. prajAe te minA mAdhyama tarIke kabAranI svIkArI che, Ama chatAM hindI bhASAe haju ghaNA ciMkAsa karavAnA che. bhUmeLa ane khageALa; vividha vanaspati velIo, vRkSA, asa Mkhya nAnA meTA vagere para pramANe bhuta nyAhane jIvA prakAzita thavA bAkI che. vividha bhautika ane sAmAjika vijJAnanA vatana cintanA hindImAM pragaTa thatAM vAra lAga Ama ziyAnI eka samRddha baLA narake diInuM che kAraNa aa kSetranA pramukha dvArAnu citanA ja bhAvi gha ujaLu che. mAyA so varSAmAM tenI je prati gamAM cAle che, becha mahAna bhASA che te kabUla patra thavAnI che tena. e tANa zarU thai cUkayA che. pahelAM rA vamAM e A dezI. AmamAyA kadI thaI zakavAnI nathI. atyAre jeTalI pragati dhanI te have dasa varSamAM thAya che. jagata AMkaDa tA te bhAratIya bhASAonA vikAro dhavAnuM kAma patna karI anyuM te. prajA prajA vaccenA sahakAranA AnI sakhyAmAM che. A dezanA viddhAno ane pIyarakAnAMA je divase vadhArA thatA ja ya che. eziyana prAnA AkArano eka svabAgamAM vicAravAnuM ane elava. lakhavAnuM zarU karaze. temATo setu hindIbhASA che. A setu vaDe bhAratanI pUrva ane divasathI hindI ane anya hArI bAbAonI abhivyakti pazcima, uttara ane dakSiNe je deza AvyA che temanI kSamatA vadhune vadhu jhaDapathI sukSma ane sUkSma patI jaze, sAthenA vicAra vinimayanA kAryakaJAne vadhu gati ane eTale eziyAnA be mahAna dezI ane vyapAna A sidhdhi vadhu saphaLatA maLavAnI che. bhAratane samavA icchatA dezone prApta karI zakavA che. pu paradezI zAsananA lAMbA bana hindI mAdhyama atyaMta upayAgI banavAnuM ja che.

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budha- kozyasa ane lAo paricayaHka avalokana zrI jagadIza sI. jezI. buddha-kehrazyasa ane lAonDe e eziyAnI traNe saDo pravezI cUkyAM hatA dhIme dhIme hiMdu dharmamAM karmakAMDa ane vibhUtio I. sa. pU. 6 ThThI sadI daramyAna udbhavI ane bhAna yajJomAM hiMsA pravezI hatI. AvA hiMsApradhAna yajJonuM bhUlelI duniyAne A traNe mahAna payagaMbaroe sAro mArga bhAre varcasva ane mahatva hatuM A prakAranA yajJoja brAhmaNa cIMdhe hakIkatamAM to A traNe vyakatae gItAnA nuM udarapUtinuM sAdhana hatA. samAjamAM kSatriyone bhAre prabhAva hato. rAjAo ane paisAdAra brAhmaNe jevA sukhI yadA yadA hi dharmasva glAnirbhavati bhArata / lekeja AvA kharcALa ane khUba lAMbA divaso sudhI cAlatA abhyutthAnam dharmasya tadAtmAnaM sRjAmya / yajJa karatA Ama yajJo samAjanA muThI bhara lekonA AnaMda ane dhyeya yA Icchita siddhi hAMsala karavAnuM sAdhana banyA 4,7 zlokane sAcI Therave che. buddha- keyuzyasa ane lAotre hatA. paraMtu prajAne A prakAranA yajJo tarapha jhAjhe rasa na kAMIka AvAja aMdhakAra maya samayamAM thaI gayA ke jyAre samasta vizva AvA koI sAcA mArgadarzakanI rAha jotuM hate. hatu. ane jyAre e traNe vibhUtio pragaTI tyAre temanI bhArata deza khetI pradhAna te samaya hate. paraMtu samAjanI preraNA ane doravaNIthI samasta viSe pragatinA paMthe Age. sthiti daramyAna bahu sArI na hatI khetInA pazuone yajJamAM kUca karI vadha thatuM tethI khetInA pazuo upara AdhArita rahenArA kheDUta ane garIba lokone AvA yajJo tarapha napharata hatI ApaNe jyAre prastuta traNa vyaktione abhyAsa ane pariNAme te samayane samAja dharma zradhdhAthI vimukha karIe chIe tyAre sau prathama buddha kanphayuzyasa ane lAejhe banatA jatA hatA. uparAMta A samaye sthapAyelA aneka ema kamaza: eka pachI eka upara AvIzuM. saMpradAya veda ane tenA pramANya viSe vividha matabhedo dharAvatAM hatAM Ama hiMdu dharmanuM vinA svarUpa dazyamAna jema vizvamAM zu, kuba ane mahAvIra upara pracaMDa thatuM hatuM ke vahema, aMdhazradhdhA jaDatA ane ugra dhArmikatA sAhitya lakhAyuM che. tema buddha ane bauddha dharma upara vipula parAyaNa ba yA hatA; sAhitya bhAratamAM ane bhArata bahAra lakhAyuM che. bhagavAna buddha viSe ApaNe vigate jANavuM hoya te saMskRta graMtha, bhagavAna buddhanA samayanI rAjakIya sthiti viSe jotA tAmrapatra, sIkakAo ane buddha bhagavAnanI mUrtione A samaye samagra hiMdustAna nAnAM nAnAM aneka rAjyamAM abhyAsa karavo joIe. A mATe buddhanA jIvana upara racAyelAM vahecAI gayu hatuM. A mATe "aMgutara nikAyama" kahe che ke mahAkAvyo jevAM ke avadheSanuM ddhacaritam , saundarAna da bhAratamAM judA judA 16 rAja hatA jemake. tathA lalita viratAra jevA saMskRta mahAkAya graMtha ane pAlibhASAmAM racAyelAM jAtako vigere hala upalabdha che. A upa yo imejha seALasannaM mahAkAla parAna pahata sattara tanAna rAMta buddha ane bauddha dharma upa videzI bhASAomAM aneka jaat SOGne , graMthe lakhAyA che. ApaNe je te karato ane mahAkAvyAnA (2) 34 jAna (2) mAdhAna AdhAre bhagavAna buddha viSe nIce pramANe abhyAsa karIzuM. (rU. 37 ( 1ra TrAna bhagavAna budhdha viSe abhyAsa karatAM sau prathama ApaNe () ghInuM (6) jAnaM budhanA samayanI dhArmika, rAjakIya ane sAmAjika sthitine (7) cetana (8) vaMzAna abhyAsa karIzuM. (9) kuna (20) gvasAna (11) acchAna (22) na1 bhagavAna buddhanA janma samaye bhAratamAM hiMdu dharma 213) assakAna (14) avaMtIna sarvoparI vidyamAna hatuM temAM jaDatA zuSkatA karmakAMTa ane ( 6) kAMdhAjana (26) dhana ' Jain Education Intemational

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138 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 (dharmAnaMda kozAmbI kata buddhacaritamAMthI pAnA naM 85) bheTa dharI. kharekhara karUNAnA avatAra samA bhagavAna budha uparanA jaNAvelA A 16 rAjamAM ekatAno abhAva hate. Azare i. sa. 600mAM nepALanI sarahada upara AvelA pariNAme rAjAo aMdara aMdara sattA ane rAjaya prApti zAkAnA janapada kapilavastumAM zudadhAdana rAjAne tyAM jamyA. ke pradeza vistAra mATe jhaghaDatA AnuM pariNAma e AvyuM ke rAjA zuddhodana mATe buddhacaritamAM prathama sargamAM prathama zlokamAM A samayanA rAjAone prajAnA sAcA dharma, sukha, hIta ke mahAkavi azvaghoSa jaNAve che ke -- ahita zuM hoI zake te viSe kaI cItA na hatI AvA * ikSvAku vaMzArNava saMprasUtaH premAkarazcandra ica prajAm rAjyamAM purohitenuM kAma vaMza paraMparAgata eTale peDhI zAkyeSu sAkalaya guNAdhivAsaH zuho dRnAravyA nRpati babhUva / / dara peDhInuM hatuM A brAhmaNe rAjayamAM pradhAna pade paNa hatA. [vavA ra 3 . 2/2] rAjAomAM pitAne vaMza lAMbo cAle te mATe teo brAhmaNa pAse yajJa karAvatA ane temane manamAnI bakSisa ApatA. Avo rAjA zuddhorana kapilavastumAM rAjya karatA hate. brAhmaNe paNa pitAnI sva pharaja cUkI rAjAe.nA ane temanA A rAjAne mAyAdevI ane mahAprajApati nAme ! be baheno putronA bhaviSya bhAkhatA. zAyakuLanI ja ] be rANIo hatI. A banne rANIo gautamakuLanI hatI. lalita vistAra graMtha mujaba mAyAbhagavAna buddhanA samayamAM hindu dharma je vikRta banI devIe patinA udya namAM krIDA karavA mATe gaI tyAM gaye hatuM tevA hiMdudharma pratye kAMti jagAvanArA mukhyatve. zAlavRkSanI nIce budhane janma Ape. budhanA judA gauttamabudhdha, mahAvIra ane anya zravaNasa gha hatA. zravaNa judA nAmo ApaNane vividha graMthamAM maLe che. jemake - saMgho te samaye vedanA prAmANyano asvIkAra karatA hatA. A zAkyamuni, zAkyasiMha, mAyAdevI suta, zaudhdhadani, akabaMdhu, zravaNasaMghonI saMkhyA 61 hatI. A saMghonuM kArya samAjanI sarvArthasidha, tathA gautama. bhagavAna budhanuM sAcuM nAma gautama AdhyAtmika jAgRti sateja karavAnuM hatuM. budhanA samayanA hatuM. A mATe mahAtmA dharmAnaMda kauzAmbI kahe che ke temanI je zramaNusaMgho jaNAya te vikhyAta banelA nIce muja - mAtA gautamakuLanAM hatAM ane te parathI buddhanuM nAma gautama banA che. hatuM. amarakoza bodhisatvanA cha nAma nIce mujaba Ape che - (1) pUraNa kAzyapa (2) makakhali gozAla. sa zAkyasiMha sarvArthasiddhaH zauddhodanicvasaH / (3) ajita kezakuMbala (4) pakudha kAtyAyana gautamavarka baMdhucca mAyAdevo sutacca saH / / (5) saMjaya belaTupura (6) nirgatha nAthaputa (mahAvIra) buddhanA janma pachI temanA pitAe thoDA vakhatamAM buddha bhagavAnane zravaNusaMdha pAchaLathI sthapAye hato. A tiSione bolAvyA jyotiSioe evuM bhaviSya saMghoe samAjanA nIcalA varganA lokone potAnA saMghamAM bhAkhyuM ke :dAkhala karyA. kAraNa ke te samaye samAjamAM varNa prathAmAM jaDatA; rUDhicUstatA vi. to pravezI cUkayA hatAM, brAhmaNe ane zuM che to thavA fNe t yAna navA pRyava samawAmAM kSatriye te anya vargo upara bhAre sattA calAvatA hatAM A mUg tta thayA gharA: us daveMg fmAta | zarU brAhmaNe ane kSatriya samAjanA nIcalA tharanA lekone satA- kSAra zvetA thanAmeva ja s tana sagA sa vinitha sanA vatA hatA. A samaye A zravaNe samAjamAM pharatA tyAre matAnuM pRthathAM vahunamaNaI: rAta thA merA 1/36 AvA dalita ane ajJAta leke pratye rahemanI najare jotA. | (azvadheSakRta vRddharatam) A zravaNee AvA lokone potAnA saMghamAM dAkhala karI Ama budadhakAMta jagatano cakravatI rAjA thaze athavA te dharma emane udhAra karyo. eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu zravaNanI pravRtti- samrATa [ sA vaTTa] banaze. hAjara rahelA jyotiSIomAM E , emAM ya pazuhiMsA ke dharmane saMkucita temaja svAthI mahAmani asita raDI paDyA. temaNe tenuM kAraNa jANyuM ke vADAo na hatA tethI A leke zravaNanI pravRtti ane saMgha pite temanA upadezano lAbha nahi laI zake. A mATe azvatarapha AkarSAyA. ghoSa jaNAve che ke - Ama dhArmika, sAmAjika ane rAjakIya temaja arthika asegha tAtra gujarAte je dhyAnAi trada4TM tArthataMtra paristhitio te samayanA samAjanI saMtoSakAraka na hatI. gharmA tathAbavAvaruM phri mAthe vipatti triveDA vAsa pariNAme samasta janasamAja guMgaLAmaNa anubhavI rahyo hate. - 3. 2 1,77 ane te mATe sAcA mArgadarzaka netAnI jarUra hatI. * budhacaritane prathamasatranA prathama 7 loka muLanA A prakAranI sthitimAM kudarate IzvaranA avatAra samA aprApya che. A prathama sAta le ke suryanArAyaNa caudharInA bhagavAna buddhanI sAco ane kalyANakArI mArga zodhatI prajAne hindInA AdhAre rAmacaMdra zAstrIe karI che. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 139 arthAta :- A puSpathI bhaSTa thaIne dhyAna prApta karavA chatAM ghaya nAra matavi sabhya saMghANa kAje pratipattijarma che paNuM huM adhanya ja chuM. kAraNa ke tenA upadezadharma nahi eerifmavairAkhyA vidyA: svAnuer: 24 sAMbhaLavAnA kAraNe (mArA) svarga nivAsane ja ' ApattirUpa mAnuM chuM. ' arthAtaH-kumAra avasthA pUrNa thatA yogya samaye emane upanayana saMskAra vidhipUrvaka tha ane pitAnA bhagavAna buddhanA janma pachI tema .tA mAyAdevInuM kulane anurUpa vighAo ke je ghaNA varSoe zIkhAya che. te sAtame divase avasAna thayuM. AnA pariNAme kumAra gautamane thoDA divasemAM ja temaNe zIkhI lIdhI. Ama budhe dhanuucheravAnI javAbadArI emanI mAsI tathA aparamAtA mahA vidyA vi. upa2 sAruM jJAna meLavyuM. have te 16 varSanI prajApatinA zire AvI paDI. A kAma mahAprajApatie upADI uMmaranA thayA tyAre zAkyakuLanI ja eka kanyA yazodharA lIdhuM ane bALaka gautamane eka pitAnA putravata ucherI sAthe emanuM lagna karavAmAM AvyuM. vaLI yazodharA paNa kevI ! meTo karyA. te kahe che --- jema ke:- revI tu mA uagar #g setrA pUDhAttatoau thirIjhagvatAranar fing" vinApUnAm | vizAla tanayaprabhAvana / yazodharA nAma yazovizAlA vAmAbhidhAnAM zriyamA juhAvA // Aa pg' zaphA seTuM dase nivAsa gajAn (azvazeSa kRta bu. ca. 2/26) tata. kumAra suragarmakalpa snehena bhAvena ca .ivizeSama 8 A yazodharA bhagavAna buddhanI mAtA mAyAdevInA bhAI mAtRdattanA mAtRNana pramAze saMkaI rAmAmaMtra mUva 11 rAjA suprabudhdhanI dikarI hatI. budhanuM lagna jIvana have khUba huM. 2, 2/18 tathA 12 mejamajAhamAM vitavA mAMDayuM. paraMtu A jIvanamAM paNa budhane game te kAraNa budhanI mAtAnA mRtyunuM che paraMtu saMsAranI nazvaratAnA vicAro AvatA. pariNAme te ghaNIvAra dhyAnaparAyaNa banatA. A mATe kizoralAla mazarUvALA "budha uparanA buddhacaritanA bIjA sarganA aDhAra ane ogaNIza ane mahAvIra" nAmanA temanA pustakamAM (pAna naM 5) kahe zleka uparathI spaSTa thAya che ke- temanI mAtAnA mRtyu che ke -- ' sidhdhArtha juvAnI kevaLa bhagavate na hete, paNa pachI temanI mAzI mahAprajApatie budhdhane ucherI moTA karyA juvAnI eTale zuM tenA AraMbhamAM zuM ane aMtamAM zuM, e bALaka gautamanuM bALapaNa eka sukhI rAjA tarIke pasAra thavA vicArato hate. eza ArAma bhagavate hatuM eTaluM ja nahi, lAgyuM. temanA mATe pitAe pUrNa kALajI rAkhI hatI. A paNa ezaArAma eTale zuM, enuM sukha keTaluM, emAM duHkha mATe aMguttara nikAya, tikanipAta jaNAve che ke -- "he keTaluM, e bhegano samaya keTale, eno vicAra paNa karate bhikSuo, huM atyaMta sukumAra hatuM. mArA sukhane mATe mArA hate. ' pitAe taLAva khodAvI temAM bhinna bhina tatanI kamalinIe vAvI hatI. mArA lUgaDAMlattAM rezamI hatAM. TADha taDake lAge jyAre eka bAjue budhdhane saMsAranI nazvaratAnA vicAro nahi mATe baDAra jatAnI sAthe ja mAre nekara mArA upara satAvatA hatA tyAre bIjI bAjue temanA lagnajIvanamAM zveta chatra dharata hatuM. , 2 LA mATe, unALA mATe ane temane vadhu jakaDI rAkhavA mATe yazodharAthI rAhulanAme putra comAsA mATe mArA bhinna bhinna traNa mahela hatA jyAre huM thaze. A prasaMga emanA mATe AnaMda karatAM zekaprada vadhu comAsA mATe bAMdhelA mahelamAM rahe jate hato tyAre cAre banyA. kAraNa ke budhanA manamAM have putranI prApti e saMsA mahinA bahAra na nIkaLatAM, strIonA gIta ane vAgho sAMbha. ranA baMdhanenI eka mahAna Apattiprada bInA banI rahI. have LavAmAM vakhata gALatuM hatuM. bIjAonA gharamAM dArone ane temanA manamAM saMsAranI anityatAnAM vicAranuM bhAre takala nakarAne halakA prakAranuM anna ApatA, paNa mAre ghera mArA yuddha thayuM. Akhare temanA manamAM saMsAranA sukhanI bhegavatti dAsadAsIone maLatuM anna mAMsa mizrita uttama bhAtanuM karatAM saMsa rane sukhanI tyAgavRttine vijaya che. have bhagavAna budhdhane saMsAramAM sarva sthaLe duHkha vagara kazuM ja jaNAtuM na hatuM. A sAthe temaNe Ane sAco mArga zodha( mahAtmA dharmAnaMda kosAmbI kRta buddha carita pAna vAno vicAra karyo. buccarita mujaba eka divasa budhe nagara 110 ) caryA karavAnuM vicAryuM. pitAnI rajA laI te rathamAM besI rAjA zudhdhadane kapilavastumAM bhagavAna buddhane abhyAsa nagara jevA lAgyA. nagarajane bhagavAna buddhane joI AnaMda mATe bharaDukAlAmanI pAThazALAmAM mokalyA paMDita bharaMDukalAma pAmyA ane pitAne kRtArtha mAnavA lAgyA. paraMtu mArgamAM buddhanA jJAnathI prabhAvita thayA. budha emanI pAsethI vividha ja emaNe eka vRddha mANasane je. budhe A mATe sAravighAo zIkhyA jema ke:- mahAkavi azvaghoSa bu. ca.nA bIjA thIne pUchyuM. ane tenuM kAraNuM che te jANavA icchA karI sagamAM A mATe kahe che ke - tyAre sArathIe kahyuM ke - Jain Education Intemational

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140 rUpasya hantrI vyasanaM balasya zeokasya yeoninidhanaM ratinAm / nAzaH smRtInAM ripurindriyANAmeSA jarAnAma yapeSa bhagmaH // pItaM havanenApi zizu kAlenabhUyaH parisRpramujyan / / kane bhUtvA ca yuvA vasmAn kameNa tenetra jarAmupetaH // abhyadhoSa kula ju. va. 2 / 30 tA 1 arthAta: rUpano nAza karanArI, baLa mATe vipatti rUpa, cokanI mAtA gAna mATe kALarUpa, smRtinI vinAzaka tathA indriyAnA zatru evI A vRdhdhAvas aa che ke jeNe Ane bhAMgI nAMkhyA che. ANe paNa bAlyAvasthAmAM dUdha pIdhu che. yegya samaye pRthvI upara sUtA che. kramazaH suMdara yuvAna banIne te eja kramathI vRdhdhatvane prApta thayA che. Ama sAthInA A javAbathI budhdha khUba ulIna banyA ane temaNe sAthIne potAnA ghara tarapha tha laI javA kahyuM. thoDA samaya pachI jyAre te pharI nagara carcA karavA nIkaLyA tyAre temaNe eka rAgI mANasane joyo tenu vizALa peTa, sArAsathI kAMpatuM zarIra, DhIlA hAya ane khabhA temaja phIkakA deha joi sArathIne A manuSya vize pUchyuM. sArIe kahyuM ke - tato babhASe sa ratha praNetA kumAra sAdhAraNa eSaH doSaH // evaM harSa // dAna nIijIyamAnA anasurA musi aa adheAga vadhu e. sa. ra/ dasa sAdhAraNa che ke piDAyA chatA pazu kaSTathI arthAta huM kumAra ! A madhAne thanAra che. A rIte rogathI duHkhI leke Anada meLave che. sAthInA AvA javAbathI te budhdhanu citta vadhu jhubdha banyuM ane temane lokonA ajJAna tarapha A thayuM. +-maNe have jaladIthI rathane ghara tarapha sArathIne AjJA ApI sAthI bhagavAna budhdhane laine mahele AvyA. budhdhane mahelamAM paNa rUcyuM nahi. temaja zAMti paNa maLI niha. adhI sthiti putranI pAmI jaine rAjA zudhdhAdane sArathI ane ane pachI kumArane bahAra pharavA mohyA. A vakhate rastAmAM emaNe eka maDadAne joyu. maDadAne joine ja budhdhe A zu che ema sArathIne prazna karyAM sArathI meM kahyuM ke budhdhindriya prANa guNauM viyukta suptA visajJa stRNa kASTha bhUtaH / saMdhyaM saMrakSya ca yatna priya priye yajyata hama koupi [! 46, azvaSAvata 2067 Ama sArathI pAsethI AvA javAba sAMbhaLI kumAra budhdhanA cittamAM turata ja viSAda thayA. ane ghara tarapha eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 prayANa karavAnuM sArathIne kahyuM. saMsAra have temane asAra lAgavA mAMDayA. temaNe have saMsAra-tyAga karavAnuM ane zramaju" banavAnuM nakakI karyu. Akhare rAhulanA janma pachI turata ja bhagavAna budhdha rUpavAna ane yuvAna patnI vRdhdha mAtApitA ane bALaka rAhulane mUkIne gRhatyAga karyo. itihAsamAM A prasagane mahu niSkramaNa kahe che. A mATe majijhama nikAyanA ciniyesanavrutama, pUtta zudhdha ja lakhyu che ke - - .. se se amiyakhade aparena samayena baharo vA samAnAkAko mana yo dhanena samannAgatA paThamena vastrajJA mAtra vAna mAtAvinuna badhyumulana havasAna yamanuM triA mAni cacA izakAre anagAriya' pazyati " samaye je ke hu tarUNa hatA, mArA eka palu vALa dhoLe arthAta " bhikSunA ! evA vicAra karatAM eka thayA na hatA, huM bhAtuvAnImAM te; mAruM motiSatA mane paravAnagI ApatAM na hatAM. AMkhamAMthI nIkaLatAM AMsuthI temanAM mukha bhIkhaI gayAM hatAM, teme sattata raDatAM hatAM, tA paNa huM (te saghaLAnI paravA na karatAM) zirA muMDana karI, kApAgha parastethI zarIrane DhAMko, gharamAMthI bahAra nIkaLyA (ka sanyAsI thayA " (adhyApaka dharmAnaMda kAzAstrI kRta budhdharita pAna 114mAMthI) keTalAka vaimAM bhagavAna budhdha rAtre patnI ane rAhula tathA temanA mAtApitAne chAnAmAnA kahyA vagara gRhatyAga karyo. ema jaNAvyuM che. paraMtu A hakIkata barAbara nathI, paraMtu uparanA manjiMgama nikAyanA civaiiAna zuttamAMnA svaya' budhenAM ja zabdA uparathI ApaNane khAtrI thAya che ke yudhdhe gharanA leAkeAnI rA na heAvA chatAM saunI hAjarImAM gRhatyAga karyAM hatA. temaLe chAnA mAnA gRhatyAga karyo nathI. guttara nikAyanA tikanipAta sutta 124 mujaba Adhisarva (budha) mahAbhiniSkramaNu karyA pachI sau prathama te bAra kASAma pAse kezalamAM satyanI zeAdhamAM gayA AbAra kASAme bhagavAna buddhane prathama cAra dhyAna ane samAdhinI sAta pAyarIo jevI ke; - 2,411,4-1, vizALavApAta, bAra nyAyatana thiMgara zIkhavADI. mAyAthI bhagavAnanuM mana sanuDa na caittAM te ukarAmaputra pAse AvyA ADI temanuM yoga vidyAnI AThamI bhUmikA tenI pAsethI zIkhI. paraMtu A nahi. temane duHkhanA nivAraNanA sAcA ane yAgya mAga badhAnA adhyayana pachI paNa buddhanA mananuM samAdhAna thayuM lAdhyo nahi. pariNAme paramasatyane meLavyA rAjA bibisAranA rAjagRhamAM bhAkhyA. rAjAe potAnA cAkane zailI

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 141 budhdha viSe tapAsa karAvI ane pachI te svayaM budhdhane maLavA have tathAgate A mArge sAta sAta varSa sudhI tapazcaryA gayA. budhdha pAsethI saMsAra tyAganuM kAraNa jANI tema na karI. zarIra kSINa thaI gayuM chatAM jJAna prApti na thatAM temane karavAnuM samajAvI potAnuM adhuM rAjya ApI devAnI rAjA vRta tapa vRthA lAgyuM khUba vicArI emaNe ananna grahaNa biMbisAre IcchA vyakta karI jemake - karavAno vicAra karyo tathAgate A mATe bAjunA gAmamAMthI bhikSA mAMgI lAvI annAhAra zarU karyo paraMtu AnuM pariNAma tatsaumya rAjyaM yadi paitRka tvaM e AvyuM ke temanI sAthe tapa karatA pa bhaddavarganA pAMca snehAt pitune cchasi vikrameNa / brAhmaNo bhagavAna budhdha upara gusse thayA, ane budhane cheDI naca va.maM maryayitu bhatiste cAlyA gayA. AnI koI kharAba apara budha upara na paDI. bhuGa kSvA dharmasmadviSayasya zIghram // 10/25 have temaNe pharIthI dhyAna yoga zarU karyo. ( zvAgata 36 varasa) budha upavAsathI azakta hatA zarIramAM thoDuM tanya paraMtu budhanA manane rAja biMbisAranA cacothI saMtoSa AvatAM te bhramaNa karavA lAgyA ane naraMjarAnadI-kinAre thaye nahi. Akhare te satyajJAnanI prApti mATe uvelAnA vata mAna budha gayA pAse AvyA pIpaLAnA vRkSa nIce ahi ramya, zAMta ane AnaMda prada pradezamAM AvyA. rAjagRha karatAM temaNe Asana jamAvyuM A samaye sujAtA nAmanI bheLI bhagavAnane ahi uralAne pradeza dhyAna mATe ane ekAMta bharavADa yuvatIe bhagavAnane vanadevatA mAnI khIranuM bhajana ciMtana mATe khUba gamyo ane temaNe tapazcaryAne prAraMbha karyo. ApyuM. bhejana karIne ta pIpaLAnA vRkSa nIce satya prApti jyAre hagathI jJAna prAptinA kAryamAM kaI pragati na jaNAtAM na thAya tyAM sudhI uThavuM nathI e dRDha Agraha karIne dhyAna upavAsa karavA vicAryuM. te jyAre A badhuM ciMtana karatA parAyaNa banyA. A samaye dumAra tenI vicitra prakAranI hatA tyAre temanA anuyAyI pAMca brAhmaNe paNa temanI sAthe senA laI bhagavAnanI sAme laDavA Avyo. bhagavAnane DagAvavA satyajJAnanI prApti mATe tapa karatA hatA. A pAMca brAhmaNo mATe aneka lAla, bhaya, trAsa ApavA prayAsa karyA paNa te kauDinya, vASpa, bhadrika, mahAnAma tathA azvajita hatA. jyAre gautama aga rahyA. ane mAre parAbhava thaye Ama manavRti bu che kaThIna upavAsa karyA tyAre temanuM zarIra taddana sukAI gayuM. upara vijaya meLavI temane parama zAMtine anubhava thayo. A temanA aMge aMgamAM azakti vyApi gaI. AvA azakata mATe suMdara kAvyamaya varNana mahAkavi adhaSa tenA buzarIranuM varNana bhagavAna buddha temanA eka ziSya sAriputtane e sAriyutane carita mahAkAvyamAM 13mAM sargamAM kare che. jema ke : rita kare che. jemake : yati saparipakSe nijite puSpaketau "he sAriputta! tuM ema samajIza nahi ke te samaye ___jayati jitanamaske nora jaske nahIM / bora bahu meTAM hatAM. hAla jevAM ja be ra che tevAM ja te yuvatikhi sahAsA dyauvakAse sacandrA samaye hatAM. A pramANe eka ja ghora khAI rahevAthI mAruM surabhi cara garbha puca papAta // 72 // zarIra atyaMta kRza thatuM cAluM , jevA AsIta velanA athavA gyAvi pAkIna tirSi te vira: gharelU: faphAra: kAlavelanA gAMThA spaSTa dekhAya che, tevA mArA avayavanA sAMdhA sAdhA vidyA nAme vana 13 ghauMa f4FSI nari | re spaSTa dekhAtA hatA. mArI keDa UMTanA paga jevI dekhAtI I72aa hatI. ghaTamALa jevI dekhAya che tevI mArI kareDa dekhAtI hatI. bhAMgI gayelA gharanA vAMsa jema ADA avaLA thaI gayelA je divase sujAtAe gata ane bhejana ApyuM hatuM te hoya che te mArA baraDe dekhAtuM hatuM. meTA kavAmAM paDelA divasa vaizAkha mAsanI punamane divasa hato, A rAtre jayAre nakSatrane paDachAyAnI jema mArI AMkhe UDI gayelI dekhAtI bodhisatva dAna karatA hatA tyAre temanA hadayamAM jJAnanA hatI. kaDavI tuMbaDAne kAcuM kApI taDakAmAM nAMkhatAM jevI rIte kiraNo prakAzyAM temane parama satya jJAnanI prApti thaI. temane te karamAI jAya, tema mArA mAthAnI cAmaDI cImaLAI gaI tatvane bAdha thayo ane te buddha eTale ke "jJAnI" kahevAyA. hatI. huM jyAre peTa upara hAtha pheravavA jate tyAre kaMThanI je jhADa nIce temane "tatvadharma thayo hato te pipaLAnuM , karoDa mAre hAthe aDakatI tenA upara hAtha pheravavA jatAM peTanI jhADa paNa 'bodhivRkSa" tarIke jagatamAM prasi dha banyuM. A | cAmaDI hAthane aDakatI. A rIte mArI pUThanI karoDane piTanI prasaMga I. sa. pU. pa88mAM banyA ane vizvanA itihAsamAM - cAmaDI eka thaI gaI hatI. zaucamATe ladhu zekA mATe te prasiddha banyA. besavAne prayatna karatAM huM tyAMja gabaDI paDatA. aMga upara bhAgavAna budhane je satyajJAnano anubhava thayo te hAtha pheravatAM durbala thayelA vALa Ape Apa heThA paDatA hakIkatamAM cAra Arya satyo ane temAM AvatA aSTAMga hatA. AvA upaSavAne lIdhe mArI AvI sthiti thaI hatI." mAgano samAveza thAya che A cAra Aye satya ane adhyApaka dharmAnaMda kezAmbI kRta budhdha carita pAna. 139m] agyAMga mArga vize ApaNe nIce mujaba carcA kare zuM : Jain Education Intemational

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142 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga- 2 prastuta cAra Arya satya ane aSTAMga mArga vize IlAja nathI. eTale jyAM sudhI tRSNano nAza thato nathI tyAM ApaNane pAlibhASAmAM saccasaMyuttanA bIjA vajhAmAM ane sudhI nirvANa athavA mekSa meLavI zakatA nathI. eTale duHkha vinayagraMthanA mahAvajhAmAM tathA saMskRtamAM lalita vistAranA nirodha eTale tRSNAone nidhi arthAta tyAga karavo ane 26mAM adhyAyamAM saMpUrNa mAhitI maLe che. A vacane svayaM mukti meLavavI. bhagavAna tathAgata nAja che. ane te nIce mujaba che : 4 duHkhanirodha gAminI pratipadA - Ama meM sAMbhaLyuM che. eka samaye bhagavAna vArANasImAM trASipAnAM mRgavanamAM rahetA hatA. tyAM bhagavAna ' arthAt duHkhane aMta lAvanAra raste A cAmuM Arya paMcavagIya bhikSuone uddezIne kahevA lAgyA :- "he bhikSao' sa satya che. jo tRSNanA nAzathI durUSane nAza thAya che te tRSNAnA dhArmika manuSyae A be cheDA tarapha javuM nahi. te be cheDA vinAza mATe karyo upAya che ? Ane upAya A cothA kayA? pahele, kAme pagamAM sukha mAnavuM te, e hIna che, AryasatyamAM batAvyo che. A upAya eTale Arya ASTAMgika grAmya che. sAmAnya mANasa seve eve che, anArya che ane mArgo te nIce mujaba che. anartha kArI che. bIje dehadaMDa kare te. e duHkha kAraka che, 1 samyakdaSTi;anAryA che ane anarthakArI che. A banne cheDe na jatAM tathA gate jJAna cakSu utpanna karanAra upazama, prema saMbaMdha ane A jagata anitya ane parivartanazIla che, saMsAra nirvANune kAraNabhUta madhyama mAga zedhI kADhaye che te ko? | da ta , duHkhamaya che, AtmA avinAzI ke adhikArI evA padArtha samyaka, dRSTi, samyaka, saMka9pa, samyaka vAcA, samyaka, karmAnta nathI paraMtu karmAnusAra badalanAre che. ekabIjA sAthe mana, AjIva samyaka, vyAyAma, samyaka smRti ane samyaka, samAdhi zarIra, vANu vaDe sadAcArathI vartavuM. evA yathArtha jJAnane A te Arya ASTAMgika mArga che. " eTale ke barAbara sAcI samajaNane samyak daSTi kahe che. A jJAnathI ja cAra Arya satyAnuM jJAna meLavI zakAya che. cAra Aryasatyo nIce mujaba che jemake : 2 samyapha saMka95 - 1 dukha nImanuM paheluM AryasatyA jAti eTale ke 04nama duHkhakAraka che, jarA duHkhakAraka saMkalpa eTale nizcaya A nizcayate zubhakAryo karavAno che. vyAdhi duHkhakAraka . maraNa dukAraka che. zeka, vilApa, che. A mATe hareka vyaktie daDhatA pUrvaka naSkamya saMkalpa glAni, duHkhakAraka che priyana viyoga ane apriyane samAgama arthAta ekAMta vAsanA sukha upara prIta, prANI mAtra upara duHkhakAraka che. icchIta vastu na maLatAM duHkha tha ya che. A zuddha prema ane avihisma saMka9pa eTale ke anya ke pitAne pAMca upadyAna & ghe duHkhakAraka che. A duHkha nAmanuM paheluM trAsa na thAya evI IcchA vigereno saMkalpa karavo joIe. rAga, draSa ene hiMsA che tyAga mananA makkama baLathI kare Aryo satya. e ahiM jaNAvyuM che. 2 du kha samudayaH 3 samyapha vAcAdu:khanuM kAraNa zuM hoI zake ? e mATe ema kahevAya che vAraMvAra utpanna thatI ane viSayomAM ramatI tRSNA ke asatya na bolavuM. cADI na khAvI, kaThera zabda koIne na kahevA, tathA artha vagaranuM nakAmuM na bolavuM Ane samyaku je traNa prakAranI che e duHkha samudAya nAmanuM bIju Aya . vAcA kahe che. TUMkamAM ahIM satya, priya ane madhura vANI satya che. A tRSNAnA traNa prakArate (1) kAmatRSNa (2) balavI tathA mithyA agya ane durvacanane tyAga karavo bhavatRSNa ane (3) vinAza tucchA che. A duHkha kAryakAraNanA niyamAna utpana thayuM che. ane A niyama samasta vizvamAM ema jaNAvyuM che. saune lAgu paDe che. 4 samyaka karmAntaH - A duHkhanA nAza mATe bauddha dharma mujaba je kAraNathI Ane artha thAya sadkAryomAM pravRtti badhA lekee du:kha utpanna thayuM hoya te kAraNane ja nAza karavA joIe. lokenuM kalyANa thAya evAM kAryo karavAM, prANaghAtaka na karavo te pariNAme duHkha utpanna thaze nahiM. TUMkamAM du:khanuM kAraNa cerI na karavI, parastrIgamana na karavuM ane samyak karmAnta tRSNa hoI tene nAza karavAnuM ahiM batAvyuM che. 3 duHkha nirodha 5 samyaka AvaAne athe duHkhane nAza karavo. ema artha ahIM samAjane hAnI na pahoMcADAya te rIte saue AjIsamajavAne che. tRSNAnA nIza vagara duHkhanA nAza mATe koI vikA meLavavAnI che. TUMkamAM pramANika paNe ja AjIvikA karavAnuM ahiM batamanuM kAraNa corI kalyANa thAya evAM kAyamari badhA lokoe Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 143 prApta karavI kharAba mArgathI pitAnI AjIvikA prApta na karmakAMDo nathI upadezatA citta ane hadayane zudhdha rAkhavuM karatAM sArA mAthI karavI ane samyaka AjIva kahe che. eja kalyANa mAga che; ane e vastu Ape Apa satkRtyo rUpeja pariName. citta temaja karmanI sIdhI ane 6 samyaka a yAyAma sAdI zudhdhatA eja temanA dharmanA pAyArUpa che. samyaka vyAyAma bAbatamAM nIcenA cAra mudrA dhyAnamAM A uparAMta budhanA "madhyama mArga" vize kizoralAla rAkhavAnA che. mazarUvALA budhdha ane mahAvIra" nAmanA pustakamAM (pR.20-21 (1) malIna ke kharAba vicArene manamAM lAvavAnuM jaNAve che ke "A madhyama mAga che kAraNa ke AmAM azubha avakAza na Apavo. pravRtione svIkAra nathI ane zubha pravutiene tyAga nathI. je azubha athavA zubha ane azubha bane pravRttiomAM paDe (2) AvA malIna ke kharAba vicAro je cittamAM ja che, te eka cheDe che, je banne pravRttiothI dUra rahe che te udbhavyA hoya te tene nAza karavo. bIje cheDe che. budhane abhiprAya zubhano svIkAra ane azubha (3) je suvicAra manamAM utpanna nA thayA hoya te nA tyAgano che." tene avakAza Apa. ane dharma pracAra (4) cittamAM utpanna thayelA suvicArone vadhArIne vadhArIne pUrNatA tarapha laI javA prayatna kare. divyajJAnanI prapti tathAgatane urulAnA ramya pradezamAM bodhivRkSanI nIce thaI. te pachI eka aThavADiyA sudhI temaNe 7 samyaka smRti divya paramAnaMda tyAM anubho thoDo samaya te AsapAsanI Ane artha cittane jAgRta rAkhavuM, cittane jAgRta bhUmimAM pharyA pachI pitAnA jJAnane lAbha janatA janArdanane evI rIte rAkhavAnuM ke pratyeka vyaktie huM zuM karuM chuM ? ApavA temaNe nirNaya karyo. tethI sau prathama emane pelA tyAga karIne jatA rahelA bhaddhavagIya pAMca brAhmaNone upadeza huM zuM vicAruM chuM ? huM zuM boluM chuM? tenA pratye sabhAna rahevAnuM che. TUMkamAM pitAnA cittanuM vAraMvAra avakana karI ApavAnuM vicAryuM pelA pAMce brAhmaNe vArANasI pAse trASi tAvika vastuonuM ciMtana karavuM ane samyapha smRti kahe che. pAnamAM rahetA hatA bhagavAna tathAgata ahiM AvyA. ane temaNe Arya satya ane aSTAMgamArgane upadeza A pAMca 8 samyapha samAdhi brAhmaNane karyo A rIte bhagavAna tathAgatanuM dharmacakra pava na cakha thayuM sAthe budhdha bhagavA ne A A dharmano pracAra ahaM nIcenAM cAra dhyAna sAdhya karavAnAM che. karavA temanA ziSyone AjJA karI. dhIre dhIre bhagavAna (1) ApaNA potAnA zarIra para buddhanAM prema tathA karUNAe lekanA hRdayane AkaryA. pari NAme hajAro loke emane upadeza sAMbhaLavA AvavA lAgyA, (2) marelA zarIra para RSipattanamAM te jyAre dharmacakranuM pravartana karatA hatA tyAre temanA upadezathI AkarSAIne paMcAvana je. lA mANase A (3) maitrI, karuNa vigere mananI vRttio para dharmanA anuyAyIo banyA. have tathAgata urUlA jatA hatA (4) pRthvI, pANI, teja vagere upara tyAre rastAmAM aneka vyaktio temanA anuyAyIo banI urUlAmAM traNa kAzyapa baMdhue bhagavAnane ziSya banyA. have A mATe sau prathama manane dhyAna parAyaNa ekAgra banAvI bhagavAna buddha rAjagRha AvyA. ahiM rAjA biMbisAra rAjya uparanAM cAra dhyAna sAdhya karavAnA che ema ahiM jaNAvyuM che. karato hate. bhagavAna tathAgatanuM rAjabiMbisAre potAnA rAjyamAM 1 upara darzAvelA cAra Aryasa ane Arya aSTAM sanmAna karyuM. ane tathAgatanA ziSyane Azraya Ape. gika mArga e budha bhagavAnano "madhyama mArga" che. bhaga rAjA biMbisAre bhagavAna buddhane "vevananuM dAna ApyuM. ahiM sAriputra ane mogalalAna banane tathAgate pitAnA vAna budhe atyaMta kAmo paga temaja kaThora daMha damanane ; yAjyagaNyAM che. ziSya banAvyA. biMbisArano putra ajAtazatru paNa have baudhdhama no anuyAyI baLe TUMkamAM bauddhadharmane rAjyazraya A "madhyama mAga " SiSe vidvAne bhinna bhinna maLavAthI have te sArA pracAramAM AvyA ane bhagavAna buddhanI dara abhiprAya Ape che. jemake rAdhAkRSNana temanA "gauttama kIrti paNa khUba dUra sudUra sudhI phelAvA lAgI. Akhare tathA padha" nAmanA pustakamAM pa-30 upara lakhe che ke "........ gate 'bhikSasaMgha'nI sthApanA karI. ane asaMkhya anuyAyIonI raMtu budha vidhividhAne AcAra, praNAlikAo, niyama ane saMghamAM bharatI karI. kapilavastunA rAjA zudana je khUda Jain Education Intemational

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144 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 patA mRtyu pAmyA tyAre tene pAlaka mAtA mahA e pramANe zabdanuM dauma buddhanA pitA hatA temaNe tathAgatane kapilavastumAM AmaMcyA bIjA lekee ApelI bhikSA karatAM vadhAre phaLadAyaka ane temanuM svAgata karyuM. ahiM temaNe potAnA kuTuMbIjanone prazaMsanIya che te kayA kayA? je piMDapAta grahaNa karIne tathA upadeza karyo. temanA putra rAhulane dIkSA ApI. jyAre tathA gata sa bodhijJAna meLave che te ane je grahaNa karIne te gatanA pitA mRtyu pAmyA tyAre te kapilavastumAM AvyA. parinirvANa pAme che te zunda je kRtya karyuM che, te AyuSya, pitAnA dhArmika saMskAra karI potAnI pAlaka mAtA mahA vaNuM sukha yaza, svarga ane svAmitvadAyaka che. ema samajavuM. prajApati ane patnI yazodharAne bhikSaNa saMghamAM dAkhala karyA. ane A pramANe zundanuM daumanasya dUra karavuM." (budhacarita - mAMthI adhyApaka dharmAnaMda kosAMbI kRta pAnA naM. 241) bhagavAna buddha dharma pracAra mATe bhAge pagapALA ja pravAsa karatA kAzI, kezala ane vanjimAM pagapALA jaI Ama tathAgate zabdane keIdeSa na Ape te mATe khUba temaNe upadeza karyo. paraMtu lAMbA aMtaranA rAjyamAM te kALajI lIdhI. mRtyu pAmatAM pahelAM budhe AnaMdane ane pitAnA ziSyone mokalatA. u dA. ta. tathAgata avantimAM anya ziSyone saMbodhyA ane pitAnA mRtyu pachI sanmArge ziSyane dharma pracAra mATe mokalyA hatA. Ama tathAgate cAlavAnI ane temanA dehanI pujAnI mAthApheDa na karavAnI satata 40 varSa sudhI A dhamane pracAra karyo. saune zikhAmaNa ApI. tathAgatanA jJAnano phelAvo karanArA keTalAka emanA aMte nIcenA zabdo belI temaNe potAnA prANuM mukhya ziSyane moTo phALo che. emanA mukhya bAra ziSya A tyajavA. "te he bhikSuo ! huM kahuM chuM ke saMsAranI vastu kAyarmamAM hatA. temanA nAma nIce mujaba che. mAtrane AyumaryAdA che, vastumAtra vya padhamI che. mATe sAva dhAnAthI vatA. " 1 kauDinya 7 anurUddha 2 azvajita 8 upAli A banAva I. sa. pU. 543mAM banyo. kevuM bhavya 3 sAriputra 9 bhAradvAja mRtyu ? bhagavAna tathAgate pitAnuM samarata jIvana mAnava 4 mogalAna 10 kausthila kalyANa rUpI yajJamAM homI dIdhuM. ane vizvamAM duHkhamAM 5 mahA kAzyapa 11 ra hala DUbelA ane bhAna bhUlelA lokone 1Ne satya mArga cI be 6 mahA kAtyAyana 12 maitriyAni putra temaNe te samaye dhArmika tathA sAmAjika kSetramAM parivartana A ziSya khUba vikhyAta che. AvyuM. ane samAjanI vikRtione dUra karI Ama temaNe zAMti temaja ahiMsAnA mArge saune prema ane karUNAthI bauddhadharma phelAvA mATe bhagavAna tathAgate satata 40 saunA hadaya palaTo karAvyo paraMtu kyAreka emaNe dharmAntara varSa sudhI bhAratamAM page cAlIne prayAsa karyA ane jyAre mATe baLajabarI vAparI nathI. kharekhara bhagavAna budhe te temanI 80 varSa nI uMmara thaI tyAre te vaizAlInagarI pAse baudhdha dharma sthApyo ema kahevA kare che temaNe bauddha dharmamAM AvyA. A temanA jIvananA aMtima divase hatA. comAsu temaNe sudhArA karyA che ema kahI , te atra asthAne nahi hovAthI temaNe belu nAmanA gAmamAM. paDAva nAMkhe paraMtu lAge. sAcI rIte te emaNe hindu dharmamAMnI vikRtio dUra te mAMdagImAM paTakAI paDyA. mAMdagImAMthI sAjA thaI te "pAvA' karI sudhAro karyo ane ApaNuM prAcIna AryamAgane punanAmanI nagarImAM AvyA. bhagavAne pAyAnagarImAM zRMda nAmanA grudhdhAra karyo jJAna meLavavuM e samAjanA muThIbhara lekane luhArane tyAM bhikSA lIdhI. bhilAne AhAra sukara mudata letAM IjAro hatA te mAnyatA dUra karI bhagavAne jJAnanA dvAra sarva temane atisAra thaI gayo. te kuzInArA AvyA paraMtu dardI dharmanA leke mATe khullA karyA. asahya banyuM hatuM. paraMtu Agare temaNe malena zAlavanamAM pitAnI AkharI lIlA saMkelI. mahAtmA keyuziyasa parinirvANa pahelAM budhdha bhagavAna AnaMdane kahe che, vizvamAM kharekhara dharmanA kSetramAM eziyAe ati "he AnaMda, "he zunda, tathAgata tAro piMDapAta khAIne pari. mahatvano bhAga bhajavyA che. eziyAe jyAre jyAre dhArmikanirvANa pAmyA emAM tArI khUba hAni che, ema zunda kama kSetre paDatI nihALI tyAre tyAre pitAnI ajaba kArya sUjhathI kArane kahI daumanasya utpanna karavAne koI prayatna kare, te vizvane sAco rAha batAvyA che. A mATe ApaNe I. sa. tame tenuM damanasya A pramANe naSTa karavAno prayatna karaje nI saDDI sadI tapAsIzuM to jaNAze ke eziyAmAMthI A samaya tene kahe ke, "he zunda tane A kharekhara lAbhadAyaka che, daramyAna buddha mahAvIra, kanphayuziyasa ane hAlTe temaja kAraNa ke tAro piMDapAta khAIne tathAgata parinirvANa pAmyA. IrAnamAM aSejara jevA mahAna payagaMbare pAkayA ane ame tathAgata pAsethI ja sAMbhaLyuM che ke, A be piMDapAta A sau e te samaya daramyAna karUNAnA sAgara prabhunA payagAma Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 15 ghareghara pahoMcate karyo hato. janatA janArdanane A saMte e badhA mATe jemsa hesTIsa tenA ensAyakalopIDiyA eka hiMsA, cerI, damana, arAjakatA, tatkAlina dharmanA jaTIla rIlIjIana enDa ethIkasa graMtha naM. 4 mAM pR. 14 upara karmakAMDa vigerenA upara bhAre prahAro karIne prema, dayA, jaNAve che ke - karuNa, kSamA, ahiMsA, satya. zraddhA ane anya siddhAMte jagatane darzAvyA. A samaya daramyAna eziyAkhaMDanI pUrvamAM "We may aeeordingly, say that Confucia Avela cIna deze kenphayuziyasa dharma, tAdharma ane boddha mism is a Universalistie Animism, Polytheistic dhama ema traNe dharmonA saMgamane dhAraNa karyo hate. ane and Poly demonistic. The gods are such shen samasta cIna deze A traNe dharmomAM kayAreya virodhAbhAsa ke as Qnimate heaven, the Sun and moon, the vAda vivAdane vaMToLa anubhavyuM na hatuM. hakIkatamAM te bhAra Stars, wind, rain Clouds, thunder, the earth, tane bauddha dharma te samaye cInane tatvajJAna pUruM pADato hato mountains, rivers, ete, in Particular also the te teodhama jJAna sAdhanA upara bhAra mUkatA hatA. ane ke Shen of deceased mer are gods." kanphayuzyisa dharma kata vya parAyaNatAne mahatva ApatuM hatuM uparAMta A lekha temanA "ensAIkalopIDiyA opha kharekhara Ama cIna dezane A traNe dharmo dharmanA tatvajJAnane rIlIjIana enDa ethIkasamAM pR. 12 upara tAo viSe vadhu jJAna sAdhanAne ane kartavyaparAyaNatAnA preraNAnA piyuSapAttA spaSTa karyuM che ke - hatA. A mATe jahona hesTI sa tenA "enasAya kapIDiyA Apha rIlIjIyana enDa IthIkasa" graMya naM. pR. naM. 12 upara "Univer salism, which itr espresents, is jaNAve che ke -- Known by the name of Taoism Indeed, its Starting-Point is the Tao, which means the * In the age of Han, two Centuries Road' or Way' that is to say, the road before and two after the birth of Christ, that in which the Universe moves, its method and Universalism divided it Self into two branches- Processes. its Conduct and operation the Jaoism and Confueianism and Simultaneously- Complex of phenomena regnlarly recnrring Buddlism was grafted Upon it." in it-in short the Order of the wordd, Nature or Natural Order Actually, it is in the main kenphayuziyasa dharmanA samaya pahelAM cInanI dhArmika the annual rotation of the Seasons the process sthitinuM citra jotAM ApaNane jaNAze ke te samaye cInI dharma of renovation and decay of Nature, and it hatuM ane te - may, aceordingly, be called Time, the Creator (1) mRtAtmAonI pUjA arcanA and destroyer Aceoroding to the Classies, Tao i the yang and the yin, the two Cosomic Souls (2) kudaratanA tatvanI pUjA prArthanA or breaths which represent the male and the (3) sArAmAThA kAryonA pariNAma Cpara vizvAsa female part of the Universe, assimilated respectively with the fructifying Heavens, and (4) jotiSadarzana ane A zAstrathI thatA lAbha with the Earth which they fructify as also with heat and Cold, light and darkness. The (4) and 243847916 Cast canal 2412422 gal. Vicissitudes of these Souls, indeed, every year zaiga ane cAu ema judA judA mata dharAvanAra loko te Produce the Seasons and their-phenomena." samaye cInamAM hatA. cAu rAjAnA vaMzajo tAone pUjatA ane teo mAnatA ke samagra vizva ane temAM vasanArA manuSya A uparAMta phaga leke bhaviSya upara pUro vizvAsa ane devo e tamAma upara tAo pitAne adhikAra rAkhe rAkhatA hatA. cAma ATalI carcAthI jaya che ke te samaye che ane temanuM niyamana kare che. samagra vizvamAM astitva leke prakRtinAM vividha tatvanI pUjA karatA, pUrvajonI pUjAmAM dharAvanArAM tatvo jevAM ke sUrya, caMdra, tArA, graho, nakSatro, AsthA rAkhatA ane rAjA dvArA preraNA apAyela rA TrabhaktimAM purUSa tathA prakRti cA tamAma tatvamAM tAe mAdhyamanuM leka pavitra tanI prArthanA paMjAmAM lekono naitika saMyama ane saMcAlananuM kArya kare che A tamAma tAmAM virodha adRzya thaI gaye. ane samAjamAM saDe, ajJAna, hema, jAdu, pravezatAM muzkelIo ane aDacaNe tathA saMvAditA ke ekatA jaMtaramaMtara, pAkhaMDa vigere pravezyAM. A uparAMta cInanI I pravezatAM saghaLuM barAbara saMpUrNa suMdara rIte cAle che. A prajA umarAvazAhI ane sAmaMtazAhInI gulAmImAM aTavAI Jain Education Intemational

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14 paDI ane A samaye mahAtmA kanphayuzIyase peAtAnA samaya ane zaktinA bhAga e pI prajA ne sudhAravA bagIratha prayAno AdaryAM. have cInanI zaMkIya ane sAmAjika sthiti tenAM te samaye A banne paristhitio satoSakAraka na hatI. cInI prajAmAM aMdaro aMdara irSyA, kusaMpa, dveSa, jhaghaDA, khUna ane zakIya vicaDA pravezyA hatA. ramakhANA ane jhaghaDAtA hararAnA prajAmAM thai paDayA hatA. prajA svecchAcArI be vA khadAra tathA svacchaMdI banI hatI ane samAjanA tathA jAtinA aMdhanA ke maryAdAonA leAkAe peAtAnI meLe ja dhvaza karyA hatA. Ama cInamAM rAjakIya ane sAmAjika sthiti khedajanaka, dayA upajAve tevI karUNa hatI, cAu rAjava'zanuM patana hAthavetamAMja hatuM. A samayanuM citra AlekhatAM cInanA kIlesA saramesIyaseja jaNAvyuM che ke 1ka "sAnuM patana thaI gayu hatu ane sarca marI paravAyuM' hatuM. du:sidhdhAMta ane hiMsAtmaka vAtAvaraNa sa vyApaka banI cUkyuM hatuM. rAjyanu khuna, pitu hatyA jevAM duSkRtyo chaDe coka banatA hatA. zrI kanphayuziyasa AvI paristhitithI bhayabhIta hatA. " jemsa hesTIgsa tenA graMtha ensAyakIpIDiyA opha rIlIjIana enDa ethIkasa (volyuma naM.4) nA pR. 16 upara A sthitinA prajAnA nIce pramANe Alekhe che -- pA cyA. A samaya daramyAna sAmAjika paristhiti nirAzA upanaye tethI hina ane adhama nIcI koTInI hatI. udAharaNa tarIke: cInI praznamAM evA khTa rivAja hato ke bhArata eaura cIna DA. rAdhAkRSNana nu, gaMgA ratna pAya pRSTha 86 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 cha nI kArI thAya pachI tenA paga bAMdhI devA. A rI juvAna thAya tyAre piraNAme tene vALelA page cAlavu paDatu. yuvAna che|karIonI A cAla evAmAM lekIne tyAre, jAtIya anada maLatA ane lAke khUba AnaMdathI A majhA mANatA A uparAMta samAjamAM je zrI kSetra hoya te kuTuMbanI kalakiNI gaNAtI. putra prApti mATe loko bhAre prayatno karatA, zrI gulAma ane hiMna kakSAe samAjamAM hatI ane te mAtApitA, putra temaja patinI parAdhInatA svIkArI. putrIno janma thavA te Arthika dRSTie amagaLa ane geralAbha prere evu manAtu AvA ghAra ajJAnAndhakAramAM pacagabara kanphyuzi yasa janmyA. mahAtmA kAtruzyase pitAnI chatra chAyA gumAvI king wn (1123 B, C ), was In Q deelining Condition at the time when Confucius was " The Chow dynasty, Estalli Shed by hatI eTale nAnapaNathI ja emane sakhta parizrama karaveA paDayA jIvananA prArbanA divasamAM te nirakSara rahyA hatA. parantu pAchaLathI khUba khata ane bhAre zrama tathA atyaMta dhagazathI emaNe itihAsa, rAjyazAstra ane tatvajJAna vagere vividha zAstrAnA abhyAsa karyAM. Ama te 17 varSanI uMmare zAstranipuNa banyA. have temaNe 19 vaSa~nI uMmare zInakavAna kuTu born, Qnd the central authority, whicl gawe its name to the Central State, or Middld- Kingdom', as the Chinese Call their Empire even today, was Powerless to enforce its dictakhanI upon the turbulent States which were its nominal Vassals, Constant war, with its dreadful Concomitants, was the Sign of the time'. The Soldier was in the ascendant', the School master unemployed, Agriculure languished for lack of manual labour, and plague, Pestlerce and famine wrouglt untold horrors upon the feudal Kingdoms." strI sAthe lagna karyuM. ane barAbara eka varSa pachI temaNe lI nAmanA putrane janma ApyA. A uparAMta temane be putrIe hatI. sata kanphayuziyasanA janma I. sa. pU. 551mAM zAntuMga prAMtamAM lU rAjyamAM zUha [Chueh] nAmanA gAmaDAmAM thayA hatAM. temanAM pitAnuM nAma zu - lIAMga - hehu {Shu Liangheh hatuM ane te surAjyanA killedAra ane sainika hatA. pitA za--zrImAMga che temanI pAtAnI vRddhAvasthAmAM cena nAmanA kuMTubanI yuvAna strI sAthe bIjuM lagna karyuM. ane tenAMthI mahAtmA kanphyuziyasa janmyA. kamalAgye mahAtmA konphayuziyasane janmyA traNa varSa pUrAM thayAM tyAM temanA pitA keyuzrvasane ane temanI mAtAne ghera garIkhImAM mUkI mRtyu pAmyA. evuM jaNAya che ke game te kAraNe kuga kuTu e lU rAjyamAM sthaLAMtara karyuM hatuM mahAtmA kayuzyasa temanA lagna thayA te samaya daramyAna sau prathama te anAjanA bhaMDAronI dekharekha rAkhavAnI nokarI karatA hatA. pachI te jyAre 22 varSanA thayA tyAre I. sa. pU. 531mA zikSaka tarIke zUha--lI nAmanA rAjyamAM peAtAnI kArakIrdi zarU kI. i. sa. pU. 517 sudhI temaNe peAtAnI A kArakIrdi cAlu rAkhI. A samaya daramyAna temaNe vRdhdha ane jIvananA Are holA mahAtmA lAgeche. pAse samAja ane rAjya sudhArA mATe suMdara ilAja pUchyA. lAotjhae A mATe zyusane ThapakA ApyA. lAotjhe e temane jaNAvyuM ke "samAja sudhAraNA karatAM pahelAM tamArI peAtAnI jAtane ja sudhArI ane AMtarika zuddhi upara bhAra mUko. ' ""

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ati saMdabha praya ciMtAnI mUrti evA mahAtmA keyuzyase A upadeza nata mahAtmA konphayuzyasanuM mana jJAnapipAsu hatuM. emaNe mastake grahaNa karyo. leha rAdhAnImAM A banne mahatamAonuM A jJAna sAdhanA cheka nAnapaNathI ja zarU karI hatI. A suMdara milana thayuM hatuM. uparAta jyAre te sarakArI nokarImAM hatA tyAre pitAnI ajoDa dhagazathI kSAna prApti karatA hatA. temaNe phalata ItihAsa - I. sa. pUrve 517mAM lU rAjyamAM eTalI badhI aMdhA rAjyazAstra, sAhitya, vakatRtva, dharma ane tatvajJAna vi. aneka [dhI hatI ke rAjyamAM kAyado ane vyavasthA temaja zAMti viSayamAM agAdha jJAna meLavyuM hatuM. temaNe sarakArI nokarI adazya thaI gayAM. DayUka cAune A sthitimAM huM rAjya cheDI cheDyA pachI akAdamInI (pAThazALAnI sthApanA karI. emaNe paDozI rAjyamAM Azraya levo paDaze. tyAM thoDA samaya mATe pAThazALA dvArA jJAnano pracAra AraMbhe have temaNe garIba mahAtmA kenphayuzyasa paNa DayUka cAu sAthe rahyA. paDozI rAjyamAM ane lAyaka vidyArthIo pAsethI a95 phI ane paisAdAra FthI have pAchA AvIne te lU rAjyamAM 16 varSa sudhI rahyA. vidyArthIo pAsethI vadhu phI laI adhyApananuM kArya zarU karyuM. have rAjyamAM cheDI zAMti pravartatI hatI. Dyuka cAu I. sa. dhIme dhIme A akAdamImAM 3000 jeTalA vidyAthIe jJAna pUrve 510mAM deza nikAlanI paristhitimAM ja mRtyu pAmyA. prApta karavA lAgyA. A akAdamImAM temaNe sadAcAra, mAnava pachI turata A rAjAne vArasa ane tene nAno bhAI DayUka tathA samAjasevA, rAjyasevA tathA mAtA pitA pratye Adara tIga gAdIe Avye. ane teNe kanphayuzyasane I. sa. pUrva vi. viSaya upara zikSaNa ApyuM. A uparAMta temaNe potAnI 501mAM gUMga- tU nagaranA gavarnara tarIke nikhyA. purA jauM vidyAthI samAjamAM kartavya parAyaNatA, sadAcAra, adhyayana mata uThAvIne A samaya daramyAna konphayuzyase prajAmAM samAja parAyaNatA. ane sAdagI vigere upara bhAra mUka, samAjamAM sadhAravAnuM kArya karyuM. bIje ja varSe temane rAjyanA ejI- te pratyeka vyakti arasaparasanI kara vyakta kare tene daDha nIyarIMga khAtAnA suprinTenDenTa banAvavAmAM AvyA. A pachI DA samayamAM ja phejadArI nyAyadhIza tarIke temanI nimaNuMka karavAmAM AvI. A badhuM kArya temaNe traNa varSa sudhI suMdara eTaluM ja nahi patha te bhArapUrvaka kahetA ke :kunehathI bajAvyuM. A samaya daramyAna prajAmAM samRddhi ane zAMtine sUrya ugyo. A mATe vidvAna cembara tena ( graMtha "What you do not Want done to yourself, naM. 3) ensAyakala pIDiyAmAM 5. 441 upara jaNAve A do not do other's." suMdara ane taMdurasta rAjaya mAke arasparasanA samAjanA lokenA saMbaMdhe mahatvanA che jemake : "These were robe regarded as the "He Ssrengthened, we are, tord, The Special Characteristics of rulers; but the five ruling house, and weakened the ministers and Cardinal relatians, Upon which the whole Chiefs. Atransforming Government went Socal Structara is based, were revuired of all abroad Dishoesty and dissoluteness were classes, and were defined as those existing ashamed, and hid rheir heads Loyaltp and between Soverign ond Subject, father and Son, good faith became the Characteristics of the Flder brother and younger; husband and wite, men, and Chastity and docility those of the friend and friend Filial Conduct and its women Strangers flocked to Lu from Other correlate of fraternal Subordination may be States Confucius was the idol of the People.' descsibed as the Corner Stones of the System, jyAre Ama kanphayuzyasanA amala daramyAna rAjyamAM for Upon tnem depend not Only Self, Cultuse, suda suvyavasthA ane zAMtinuM sAmrAjya hatuM tyAre emanI but also the regulation of the family and the A vyavasthAzaktinI temanA virodhIone irSyA AvI. A Isovernment of the State." che mATe zI rAjyanA amIrae DayUka tIMganA upara suMdara vezyAo [ jemsa hesTIMgsa kRta e-sAyakalopIDiyA opha mokalI. ane A mejavilAsanA sAdhanee DayUtIga ane rIlIjIana enDa ethIkasa caMna naM. 4 'pR 17. 18 upara kanphayuzyasa vacce virodha ane zaMkAnuM vAtAvaraNa saryuM. pariNAme kanphayuzyase lU rAjya choDavA vicAryuM. I. sa. pU. A uparAMta pite samAjamAM kahetA ke "huM navuM nathI 47mAM jyAre keyuzyasa 55 varSanI uMmaranA thayA tyAre kahe, para parAgata cAlyA AMvatA niyamone vyavasthita karI temaNe lU rAjya cheDyuM ane te I. sa. pU. 484 agara I. saraLatA pUrvaka prajA samakSa raju karUM chupite namratAnI Esa. 5. 485 sudhI lU rAjyamAM pAchA pharyA nahi. purUSe temanA A kartavyapathamAM pIche haTha na karI. prAraMbhamAM Jain Education Intemational

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1ra jAgyeka kara 5Na 148 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 mArA jIvanamAM vadhu 50 varSa maLete huM ghaNe sudharI zakuM." ke.-kanphayuzyasanA upadezanuM eka pariNAma e AvyuM che ke ' ahiM ApaNene eka moTA zikSaka samAja sudhAraka ane cInI prajA duniyAmAM sauthI vadhu vinayI, ziSTa ane saMskArI upadezaka kekyuzyasanI mahAna namratAne paricaya thAya che. banI che." sarakArI nokarI choDIne te khUba kya lokone Thera Thera mahAtmA kenphayuzyasa che ke potAnI aMgata niSphaLa sthaLe jaIne upadeza karyo temaNe A sthitimAM apamAna jiMdagIno zeka karatAM mRtyune varyA. paraMtu emaNe A duHkhanI apazabdo, tiraskAra Thapake vigere kalAkanuM sahana karyuM kavAMga bhAgyeja darakAra karI hatI. pratyeka peDhInA leke mahAtmA prAMtamAM emane maraNatola mAra paDaye. chatAM A mahAna vIra kanphayuzyasane bheTa ke aMjali ApI zake e mATe AIDamUke AdazamRti hatA ane sAmAnya bAbatamAM paNa pitAnI emanA mAnamAM eka suMdara maMdira baMdhAvyuM. namratA pragaTa karatA. eka jagyAe emaNe kahyuM ke "mane je emane niSphaLatA sAMpaDI parantu pitAnI dhIraja gumAvyA kharekhara mahAtmA kayuzyasa vizvamAM sadA avismavagara emaNe pitAnuM kartavya ajaba khaMta dhaya ane raNIya vyakti banI raheze. hiMmatathI cAlu rAkhyuM teo kahetA ke jo jagatamAM kAMIja mahAtmA lAotre kharAba ke aniSTha na zAya te sudharavAnuM ja kone ha ya ??? teo anekavAra jaNAve che ke jana samAjathI vimukha banI mahAtmA lAotree pravartAvela "tAo dharma' vizvanA aranya sevana karI e kAMtamAM rahevuM e jiMdagInI kAyaratA vidyamAna dharmomAM nirALu ane suMdara sthAna bhegave che. I. khI ane nibaLA mananI sa. pUrvenI 6ThThI sadImAM bhAratamAM jema buddha ane mahAvIre sevA karavAmAM che temaNe "janasevA e prabhusevA" nA sidhAMtane potapotAnA dharmo sthApI bhAna bhUlelI prajAne sAce mArga mAtra vANI ane upadezamAM vyakata karyo. eTaluM ja nahi paNa cI tema cInamAM mahAtmA kenphayuzyasa ane lAotree temaNe ketAnA jIvanamAM AcarI batAvyo. A badhA mATe kephayuzya dharma ane tAo dharma anukrame sthApI cInI emaNe pitAnI zakita, samaya vigereno asAdhAraNa bhAga prajAne sAce mArga darzAvyA. game tema ho paNa tAo dharma ape. eka sthaLe temaNe upadeza ApatA jaNAvyu ke kanphayuzyasa dharma eTale dezaparadezamAM vadhu prasarI zako nahi. "apakArane badale nate apakArathI vALavo joie ke natA Anu kAraNa tAdharmane kaDaka AcAra saMhitA, namratA ucca upakArathI paratu nyAyathI vALa joIye." jJAna sAdhanAe tatvajJAna, gUDha rahasyavAda tathA nivRtti parAyaNatA vigere to temane mana khorAka ane AnaMdanI vigata hatI. A mATe A nAnI vAta tI. A mATe javAbadAra hoI zake, jyAre kanphayuzyasa dharma sAdA saraLa temaNe eka sthaLe lakhyuM che ke :- " keyuzyasa eka evI sidhdhAtA dvArA deza videzamAM khyAti pAmI zakayA. bhAratamAM vyakita che ke je jJAnanI sAdhanAmAM be rAkane paNa bhUlI avuiM ja kAMIka jaina dharma viSe banyuM che. jAya che. pitAnI sidhimAM du:kha paNa bhUlI ya che. ane cInI saMskRtinA ghaDauyA ane tAo dharmanA sthApaka pitAnI vRdhdhA vasthAne AvatI jotI nathI." Ama mahAtmA mahAmA lAbene janma I. sa. pU. 604mAM madhyacInamAM kanphayuzyasa kharekhara duHkha aDaya muzkelI bA sAme laDI honA prAMtamAM AvelA kayujInamAM eka garIba kuTuMbamAM ajaba siddhi meLavanArA eka mahAna saMta hatA. thayuM hatuM. temanI aTaka lI. hatI. emanuM nAma erAha - I. sa. pUrve 49mAM yUrAjyane rIMgaNUka mRtyu [E RH] hatuM. pAchaLathI temanuM nAma lAotre paDayuM. lAopAme ane te pachI teno putra DayUka AI rAjyagAdIe benA nAmane artha "vRddha bALaka" athavA "jJAnI bALaka" AvyuM. teNe tenA rAjyakALamAM dazamA varSe vAI rAjyamAM ema thAya che. lAotre mahAtmA kenphayuzyasathI kharekhara cepana kenphayucchasane nimaMtravA saMdeza karyo. mahAtmA keyu- varSe meTA hatA. 6ThThI sadImAM je saMta mahApurUSanA thayA te zvasanuM rAjAo ane tenA pradhAnee khUba sanmAna karyuM. mahApuruSa samakAlIna dharmapurUSa lAonDe hatA eTale saMta paraMtu have te rAjaya kAraNa tarapha vimukha banyA hatA, paraMtu lAeche cInanA kanphayuzyasa, bhAratanA budha ane mahAvIra, kevaLa temaNe samAja sudhAraNA' kAya ja thoDA varSo mATe IjharAyelanA yahUdI saMte jeremiyAha, ekiyala ane IzAI. svIkAryuM. Ahane samayamAM janmelA hatA. Akhare emaNe AjIvanabhara satata pravRtti zIla rahI mahAtmA lAgelve viSe ghaNIja jAduI tathA camatkArika jIvanalIlA saMkelI. Ama temaNe 72 varSanuM jIvana pasAra evI aneka daMtakathAo maLe che. eka mAnyatA pramANe teo karI aneka Adarza jagatane bheTa dharyA. cInI prajAe temanA mAtAnA garbhamAM 78 ke 81 varSa sudhI rahelA ane temane mRtyuno satata traNa varSa sudhI zeka pAnyA. temanA nazvara janmathI ja sapheda vALa hatA evuM kahevAya che. kArakIrdinA dehane rAjyamAM nadInA kinAre daphanAvyA. " mahAtmA prAraMbhamAM te honAnamAM AvelA vartamAna lehayAMga zaheranA kanphayuzyasane aMjali ApatAM javAharalAla naherU lakhe che pAsa ja meAvelA leha rAjadhAnImAM vAMcanAlayanA graMthapAla ke Jain Education Intemational

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha 149 jIvana, ucca Adarzo. : cheDIne te samAjanA ane 1mAM tAonI eja rakSaka tarIke nokarI karatA hatA. evuM jaNAya che ke kadAca dareka vyaktie potAnI jAtaneja sudhAravA keziSa kare "mahAtmA keyuyasa ane lAojhe anekavAra maLyA haze. hakIkatamAM to pratyeka vyakita potAnI jAtane ja oLakhe te jayAre banane mahAtmAonuM mIlana I. sa. pU. 517mAM thayuM paNa pUratuM che. teo kahetA ke "jeo mArI sAthe sArI haze tyAre A mIlana ane carcA pachI mahAtmA konphayuzyasana rIte vate che, teo pratye paNa huM sAre chuM." ane "haMmezAM mana upara bhAre asara thaI mahAtmA lAenjhae janmAvI apakArane badale upakArathI vALe.' - daze. A samayanA kensa yuTyusanA nIce mujabanA zabdo ApaNuM uparanI A vigate parathI jaNAya che ke mahAtmA dhyAna mahAtmA lAonDenImahAnatA pratye kheMce che. - lAotre kharekhara kophyuzyasathI ghaNI bAbatamAM alaga paDe "He said at the Close of it to his che. bannenI vicArasaraNImAM bhinnatA pravarte che. disciples' Today I have seen the Old philosc svajAtanI sudhAraNA uparAMta lAotre e lokone abhipher [ao-tsye ], aad Con ot only liken him mAna, kAma krodha vigerethI dUra rahevAnuM jaNAvyuM. janatAmAM to the dragon Who mounts alsft on the Clouds, namratAne upadeza Ape. gautama ane mahAvIranA prema, I Cannot tell how, ann rises to heaven." karUNA, satya, ahiMsA vigere keLavavAnuM lokone kahyuM. pApIne A zabdo vidvAna cembaranA "ensAyakalopIDiyA nahi paNa pApane dhikkAravuM joIe evI vicAra saraNI prajAmAM nAmanA graMthanaM 6 mAMthI (pAne 514) levAmAM AvyA che. emaNe samajAvI. temanA abhiprAya mujaba dareka mAnavI kSamAne A uparAMta lAojhe cAu nAmanA bAdazAhanA rAmayamAM lAyaka che. ane tenAmAM kadI mAnavatAne nAza thato nathIsarakArI nokarImAM daphataradAra tarIke kAma karatA hatA. emanI tethIja pApane dhikkAravAnuM emaNe jaNAvyuM che. temaNe kone pharajane samaya pUrNa hatAM te tAoNnI khejamAM agara sAcA jagatanA utpatti karanArA, pAlana karanArA ane vinAza karatatvane zodhavA pravRtta banatA, Ama te samayanA sadupayega nArA gUDha tatva evA "tAo"nI kheja athavA upAsanA dharmamaMthana, ciMtana ane zAna prApti vigeremAM karatA tethI karavAnuM samajAvyuM. Ama lAotnee temanA samayamAM janatA temanI kIrti cInamAM cotarapha phelAI gaI. samAjanA ane janArdanane namratA, tyAga, sAduM jIvana, ucca Adarzo, ekAMrAjayanA saMgharSa tathA kalA Dalane choDIne te ekAMtamAM parama tamAM tAonI khoja ane dhyAna, nirAbhimAnapaNuM tathA satyanI zodha karatAM karatAM temane jIvanamAM amUlya .tya jiMdagImAMthI nivRtti ATalAM amulya tano upadeza Apyo. A uparAMta te kalA ke "mAnava jIvanamAM huM traNa vastuo saMta lAojhene jana samAjathI dura rahI jaMgalamAM sauthI vadhu kiMmatI gaNuM chuM. komaLatA, namratA ane karakasara. ekAMta evI Izvara ciMtana parAyaNa banavAnuM ati pasaMda hatuM. temaNe "tAo-teha-kiMga" nAmanI graMthanA racanA eTale pariNAme emanA jIvanamAM sADAI nivRtti ane naitika karI temaNe pitAne upadeza savistAra temAM samajAvyo che. uMcA Adaze ApaNane dRSTimAna thAya che. te cInamAM jiMdagInI uttarAvasthAmAM temaNe nivRttinA samayamAM yina-hI "mautika samrATatarIke prasiddha banyA enuM kAraNa temaNe nAmanA sarakArI adhikArInI vinaMtIthI temaNe uparanuM pustaka cInamAM samAje jAti ke : 'TranI unAta karatAM AtmajA lakhyuM. pachI te mAM . upara besI cInanI pazcima dizA para vadhu bhAra mUkyo hate. kharekhara, mahAtmA lAonA A tarapha gayA A pachI te kayAM gayA ? ane temanuM zuM thayuM? prakAranA Acaha. A prajAe temane trimUrti [ budhdha te vigate ke mA..tI maLatI nathI. kenphayayasa-lAojhe] mAM nirALurathAna ApyuM Ama samAM lAonDe vidvatA pracUra suMdara graMtha. "tAo teha-kiMga jamAM temanuM uca sthAna hatuM te sadA nirAbhimAnI rahyAM. sajI gayA, e. graMyama : te nA ja ninI AchI mADatI lAlvee upadeza agara dharma pracAra mATe kayAreya maLe che. AmAM temane upadeza sUtro ane vA temaja deza videzamAM bhramaNa kara nathI . te kahetA ke dhamane te sAmAnya vidhAne prApta thAya che. A graMthanA 81 prakaraNo che hRdayamAM sthAna hoya che. jemanA hRdayamAM dharmAbhAvanA nathI ane AkhAM pustakamAM 5000 zabdo che. graMthana zailI temane upadeza ApavAne zuM artha ? ane dharma e kAMI sUtrAtmaka che tethI keTaleka sthaLe nirasatA pravarte che. Ama havA vyavahArika vastu nathI. ke je bIjAne ApI zakAya svayaM. chatAM graMtha-maulikatA ane gahanatA vividha sthaLoe ( raNAthI je dharma bhAvanA Ave teja kharo dharma" A dazyamAna thAya che. A graMthanuM yuropa ane eziyAnA keTalIka pariNAma e AvyuM ke emaNe upadeza ApavAnA prayAsa bhASAomAM bhASAntara thayuM che. kadI karyA nahi. temaNe pitAnuM ja jIvana anya mATe kharekhare "tAo-teha-kiMga" nA kartA lAje emanA anukaraNiya suMdara banAvyuM jethI bIjAoe joI sadvartana upadeza dvArA Aje paNa vidyamAna che. ema atre ApaNe AcarI zake. lAo IrachatA ke bIjAone sudhAravA karatAM kahIyuM te ca sthAne nahi gaNAya. karatAM karatAM ne jIvanama. ama rAnanI Jain Education Intemational

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150 b zrI hastagirijI tIrthAdhAra zrI sImA~dhara paramAtmAe zrImukhe indra samakSa jenI ayAga prazasA karI che. ane jyAM kAMkare kAMkare ana`tA sidhdhA che. evuM" sidhdha girina jevuM tAraka mahetI ApaNune ghara gaNuM ja prapta thayuM. tethI sidhdhagirijInA * prasidhdha 108 nAmanAM jenuM puNyanAma smaraNa karavAmAM Ave che, tethI sidhdhagarinA ja eka bhAgarUpa gaNAtuM zrIhu stagiriza nIya ane prAthama zAtanAma che. ag eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 **********..........................................000 A tI bhUminA itihAsa tapAsIye jethI ApaNune te tInI prAcInatAneA khyAla AvI zake, A avasarpi- hInA krama kuvatI zrI bharata mahArAja zrI anuvidha sadha sahita karI pALatA zrI sidhdhagirijI mahAtIyanI yAtrA, gayelA tyAre zrI durbhira tInI yAtrA karyAM bAda temanAM sainyamAM keTalAka hAthI gheADA, baLada, subhaga vagere mAMdA thai gayelA. tyAre zrI zatruMjI nadInA kinAre A ta hatA, jenI uMmara caDavAthI te badhAyane roga dura thayA ane sahu nirogI thayA, temAMthI keTalAka hAthIe e zubha bhAva pUrvaka tyAM anzana karyuM ane saMdhi purvIka kALadharma pAmI devaleAkamAM gayA. te devAe zrI bharata mahArajA pAse AvIne peAtAnI hakIkata kahI te sAMbhaLI harSIta thayelA zrI bharata mahArAjAe e sthaLe eka maDha jinamaMdira baMdhAvyu ane te parvatanuM nAma risenari rAkhyuM. hastagirijInA zubha nAmathI suprasidhdha che. A itahAsa sucave che ke A tI ati prAcIna tIrthaM che, A zrI A tImAM atyAre yugAdini zrI RSabhadeva svAmInA prAcIna pagamAM che. te nakkAnI ja DerI para eka vizALa ramaNIya 72 jinAlayathI suzaeNAbhita, zrI abyAstra' paca kalyANaka jinaprAsAda' badhAvavAnA niSNuya levAye che. A nitya AyAtmika dRSTie ArAdhanAne have upakAraka che ene A virinA advitIya ane adbhuta prakRtti saune najare jonArane ja khyAla Ave. be bAjI karatI pavitratAnI choLo uDADatI zrI zatrudhI mAnavI ane tenI madhyamAM AdhyAtmika unnatine sUcavato padasa phUTa UMcA stiri pahADa ! cAre bAju dUra dUra sudhI daSTine sabhara bharI detA ramya khetA ane AThe mahinA parvata para chavAI rahetI lIlIchama vanarAjI ! ane A ramaNIya pahADanI Toca para zilpa ane sthAtyano benamuna kArIgarIthI yukta gagana cukhI jina prAsAda ! duniyAnI badhI ja bhautika mAjAthI chUrI. mA tIrthaMbhUmi upara zrI jina prAsAdanuM nirmANa karavAnA niSNuya levAyAnI sAthe ja paramAra Sapada para zAsana prakhAvaka suvizALa gApiti vyAkhyAna vAcaspati khAcArya deva zrImad vijya rAmacaMdra surIparajI mahArAjanI zubhAziSa ane teezrInA padma prabhAvaka Agama dIpaka pu. AcArya deva zrImada vijaya mAnaturaMga surizvarajI mahArAjanA rAma udeza purvaka e niyaMyane amalamAM mUkavAnA prayatna zarU karI devAyA che, 1500 phUTa UMcA parvatara janI TAe Avu bhavya jinAlaya badhAvavuM e kAryAM ghaNuM ja gahana ane kharcALa che, ane te zrI caIdha sadhanI sahAya sivAya sidhdha thaI zake temaja nathI, Aja sudhImAM A tI pAchaLa rUA. deDha lAkhanA kharce thaI cUkayA che. jemAMthI mukhya prAsAdanI ane tyAM paheAMcavAnA rastA banAvanAne anurUpa gyA levAi gai che. temaja prasAdane mATe sapATa samataLa bhUmi, kuDa, be talAva tathA mAla sAmAna lai javA mATe vIza phUTa pahoLA rastA banAvavA vagere kAma cAlu karAvAyAM che. je kArya pUruM karavAmAM hajI bIja, rUA. eka lAkhanA kharcanA aMdAja che, ane TIntha sudhInuM kArya karAvAmAM lagabhaga pAMca lAkha rU. nA kharcanA aMdAja che. mahAprAsAdanA khAna cihna vizArada padmathI prabhAzakarabhAI khApakabhAi sau purA hastaka taiyAra karAvavAmAM AdhyeA che. A jina:layanI aneka viziSTatAemAMnI eka viziSTatA e che ke tragusA phUTanAM DAyAmITaramAM nimaNu rAye A jinamadiMra atyAre vizva mAna papa eka jinAlaya karatAM sauthI vadhAre vizALa gharo, dhULA darIo sahita AkhAya derAsaranI racanA aSTakoNAkRtimAM parI e pahu yi che. derAsaranI dhanya AjubAjuthI Azare 15thI20 phUTa UMcI Avaze. e paNa bhavyatAneA khyAla Ape che. 72 derInI madhyamAM'rahela mukhya ma'diramAM 000 .................oooocoooooos

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* * * * mRti saMdarbha graMtha 151 * .* * zrI yugAdi bhagavAna zrI RSabhadeva svAmInA caumukhajI bhagya biMba padharAvavAmAM Avaze. tenI bIjI bhUmi upara paNa caumukhajI biMba padharAvavAmAM Avaze. cAre bAju cAra megha maMDapa taiyAra karAvavAmAM Avaze. pharatI pradakSiNAmAM 71 zikharabaMdhI derIo, temAM aSTa keNavALI dvidhAriNI ATha derI ane traNa bAju mahIdhara prAsAdanA traNa moTA prAsAde Avaze. meTI derIomAM zrI mezikhara zrI samavasaraNa zrI aSTApadajI, zrI rAyaNanA pagalAM vagere racanA karAze. derAsarajImAM thAMbhalA, phalerIMga divAla ArasanA ane bAkInuM bIju badhu ja paththarabadhI bAMdhakAma karavAnuM che. praveza dvAranA balAnaka upara gaNudharabhagavaMta zrI puMDarika svAmijIne prasIda thaze mukhya maMdiranI cAre dizAmAM vizALa maMDapa thaze. ane pharate vizALa coka raheze. A samagra prAsAdanAM bAMdhakAmano esTImeTa ekAvana lAkhathI 3. e kotera lAkha mUkavAmAM Avyo che. je enI bhavyatA jotAM kAMda ja gaNatrImAM nathI. zrI zAsanadevanI kRpAthI temaja pu. AcArya bhagavaMtonI zubhAziSathI dAnavIra sadagRhasthanI sahAyathI temaja anya jina maMdiramAM devadravyanI madadathI a65 kALamAM ja A prAcIna mahAtIthIne u0.2 "pada che. evI amane zrada e che. A zubha kAryanI pa thavarSiya yojanA vizenI vizeSa mAhitI maMgAvo zrI caMdrodaya cerITIjha muktinilaya jainadharmazALA talATI roDa pAlItANA (saurASTra) lI. ApanA sevake. bhegIlAla maNIlAla zAha- pATaNa rasIkalAla bApulAla parIkha-pATaNa vrajalAla lakSmIcaMda zAha-vIramagAma a.vIMdabhAI pannAlAla zAha- amadAvAda bAbulAla nagInadAsa zAha -khaMbhAta kAtilAla maNIlAla jhaverI-pATaNa zrI hastagirijI tIrthoddhAra-kamITI. ukALelA pANu khAtu pAlItANA khAte zrI mAdhavalAla bAbunI dharmazALAmAM yAtrika bhAIDene tathA pujya sAdhu, sAvi jI mahArAja sAhebanI bhakita athe bAremAsa ukALelA pANInI sagavaDatA rahe che. Avaka karatAM kharca vizeSa che te mada mokalavA vinaMtI karIe chIe. (1) zrI mAdhavalAla bAbunI dharmazALA pAlItANA (2) zeThazrI IzvaralAla vADIlAla ma pArasIgalI dhanajI sTrITa muMbaI-3 - Jain Education Intemational

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152 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA pAma-2 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 zrI kezarIyAjI-vIraparaMparA maMdira AdinI bhavya janA. 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 pAlItANAmAM talATI : atyaMta najIkamAM nivRtti nIvAsanI sAme, traNa mALanuM sundara manahara derAsara temAM ekAvana IMcanA zrI kezariyAjI bhagavAna tathA bIjA bhavya biMba tathA bhagavAna mahAvIranA zAsananI AcArya paraMparAM vigerethI sabhara maMdira ane tenI bAjumAM vizALa upAzraya, zeTha zrI prAgajIbhAI jhaverabhAI jaina dharmazALA tathA bhojanazALA vigere khuba sundara pejanA AkAra pAmI che. AvanAra yAtrikone Ane sundara lAbha levA amArU hAdika AmaMtraNa che. zrI zaMkhezvara pArzvanAthanI peDhI dAlatanagara borIvalI muMbaI 66 li. TrasTIo mahetA samacaMda zaMkaralAla zAha dhIrajalAla cunIlAla vasaLIyA ThAkarazIbhAI chaganalAla zAha manasukhalAla oghaDabhAI zAha zAntilAla mohanalAla desAI caMdulAla kasturacaMda zAkhA :- zrI zatruMjaya vihAra pAlItANA QI0O0000COoceeooooooooooooOOOO0000seco000000 coccooo0000000ccc0OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOecot zubhecchA pAThave che zubhecchA pAThave che 8 mATImaMDaLa jUtha che. vi. kA. sahakArI che. zrI ghAMghaLI sevA sahakArI maMDaLI maMDaLI : moTIkuMDaLa ghAMghaLI | (gaDhaDA tAluke) ( sihora tAluke) (bhAvanagara jille ) ( ji. bhAvanagara) 400000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ra sthApanA tArIkha 4 8-16 neMdhaNI naMbara 1953 zerabhaMDoLa 66300 sabhya saMkhyA 256 anAmata phaMDa 14100 bIna kheDUta anya phaMDa 4600 kheDUta - 250 sthApanA tArIkha 28-6-54 noMdhaNI naMbara 904 zerabhaMDaLa 27530 sabhya saMkhyA 121 anAmata phaMDa 5856 kheDUta 104 bIna kheDUta 17 rAmaparI zaMkaraparI maMtrI arajaNabhAI kesarabhAI pramukha ja. re. meghANI paMDayA veNIrAma harirAma maMtrI pramukha vya. sabhya : paTela parazotama kalyANabhAI hararararararara rararara rararara000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jain Education Intemational

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bhAratanA vArtA khajAnA prA. zrI jayaMtilAla bhuvA vArtA e sAhityika abhivyaktinuM prAcInatama mAdhyama navaiH padAthai6 papAditAH kthaaH| che. vArtA kahevA. sAMbhaLavAnI vRtti e kadAca mAnavInI janma nirantara zleSadhanA : sujAtayo: jAta vRtti haze. AthI jagatanA kayA pradezamAM ane kai mahAsajazvampaka kuDa malaikhi bhASAmAM prathama kathAne janma kayAre thayo haze e viSe kaI jAvavI phar (8.1). cakkasa vidhAna karavuM duSkara che. saMbhava che. vArtAne udabhava prAcIna bhAratIya sAhityamAM kathA uparAMta AkhyAyimAnavIne bhASA jJAna lAdhyuM tyArathI ja thayo. teya sara eDavarDa kAne eka judA sAhitya prakAra tarIke gaNavAmAM Avela che. rAITa dha mAsTara pIsa lITaraTI zarTa - sTIrIjha' volyuma AkhyAyikAmAM nAyaka pate ja kathA kahe che; ane samagra kathA vana'nI prastAvanAmAM vArtAne jIvana jeTalI ja anaMta gaNAve ne judA judA ucachavAmAM vibhAjita karavAmAM Ave che, che ane kahe che keH To traee laek its origin we ane temAM vakatra athavA apavakatra chaMda prAjavAmAM Ave should have to go gack to the time when che. zAmAM rAma va rI nathI zA thA. some strage, curious, ape-like ereatures came yuddha; viraha sUryodaya, sUryAsta vagere viSaye varNavavAmAM Ave down gron the she Iter of the forest treer che; jyAre AkhyAyikAmAM ema hovuM jarUrI nathI; bhAmaha and legan to commani cale with eaeh other (kAvyAdarza), rudradatta (kAvyAlaMkAra ) ane abhinava gupta in artieulale speech' kathA ane AkhyAyikAnAM alaga alaga lakSaNe Ape che. paraMtu danDinI mAnyatA pramANe A banne prakAro vacce Ama vAta karavAnI vRtti ja vArtA karavAnA mULamAM spaSTa bhedarekhA dorI zakAya tema nathI. paMca taMtranI rahelI che. ghaNI vAcanAomAM e vArtAone kathA gaNavAmAM AvI che. jyAre eka vAcanA "taMtrAkhyAyikA' mAM "kathA" ne badale saMskRta zabda thA (-kahevuM) ane aMgrejI zabda Tale (Tell- kahevuM) A dRSTie ghaNuM ja sUcaka che. dhAtva AkhyAyikA' zabda prajavAmAM Avyo che. paMcataMtranI thanI dRSTie je kaMI kahevAmAM Ave tene kathA kahI zakAya. vArtAone kathAo kahevAnuM vizeSa egya lekhAze kema ke kathA paraMtu vArtA mATe prayukta thatA aMgrejI zabda story je leTIna mukhyatve gadyamAM hoya che. ane temAM anukULa sthaLe padyano History parathI Avela che te tathA athavA Tale jevo paNa upayoga karI zakAya che. A aMge sAhitya darpaNamAM mucaka nathI. prAcIna kALamAM lekanI vAtacItamAM ja kathAne kahyuM che: - eTale ja aMza raheto ke kALAntare kathAne eka viziSTa kathAyAM sarasaM vastu gadhareva vinirmitama // bartha thaI gaye. kathA Ama kamya - belInuM sAhitya gaNI zakAya. kvacidatra bhavedAryAM kavacidhrakabApa bakatrake / AdrI padhai namaskAraH khalAbavRtta kIrtanama // mAnava Urmine rasa pariplAvita karatI kathAnAM pravAha gothI niMratara vaheto rahyo che. ane jyAM sudhI jagata para kathAnI utpatti pAchaLanAM preraka baLAmAM mukhyatve mAnavImAM paDelI abhivyakti mATenI jhaMkhanA gaNAvI zakAya mAnava astitva Takaze tyAM sudhI e pravAha vahete raheze. mane AvI mane vinodakArI kathAne mahAkavi bANu madhura- pratye manuSyane potAnA vicAro UminA taraMgo ane mane AkAmila-kautuka paNa nava vadhU sAthe sarakhAve te sarvathA ucita zamAM UDatA kalapanAnA raMgIna phuvArAone bIjA sudhI pahoMcADavA nI eka UDI abhIpsA hoya che. Ama pitAnA bhAve vicAre Urmio, mAnyatAo sidhdhAMto ane kalpanAnI abhivyakita phuratkalApa vilAsa kAmalA, mATe saMskRtinA udaya kALathI ja manuSya vArtAne sahAro lete kareti rAgaM hRdi kautukAdhikama AvyuM che. vArtAne udaya kayAre thaye? A praznanA javAbamAM rasena zapyAM svayamabhyupAgatA, ApaNe kahI zakIe ke jyAre pahelI mAtAe pitAnA kathA janasyA bhinv| vadhU riva thAkelA lALakane suvADavA pahelI parIkathA kahI haze; jyAre haranti ka' jjvila dIpa kaupamai pahelA gurUe jagatanI utpatti vize ziSyanI jijJAsA saMtoSavA Jain Education Intemational dain Education Intermational

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154 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 pahelI daMtakathA(Myth' nI racanA karI haze; jyAre pahelA yama yamI pururavA-urvazI, saramA ane Nigata jevA lAkSa mAchImAre pote ghera lAvela mAchalI pelI chaTakI gayelI rAkSasI Nika saMvAdo, brAhmaNemAMnA saupaNuM =kAdUva jevA rUpakAtmaka mAchalI sAme keTalI tUracha hatI tevuM darzAvavA prayatna karyo vyAkhyAne, kaTheniSadumAM AvatI naciketAnI kathA, taitarIya haze; jyAre pahelA zikArIe bhayathI kaMpI uThelI potAnI upaniSamAM AvatI bhRgukathA, chAndogya upaniSaddamAM AvatI priyatamAne potAnA vizALa bAhapAzamAM laI hadaya sarasI pravaharaNanI kathA ane upasti cakApaNu, rAjA jAnuzruti ane cAMpIne pite jaMgalanA keI bhayAnaka rAkSanA paMjAmAMthI chaTakI satyakAmanI kathA, bRhadAraNyakamAM gaviTha bAlAkInI kathA, temaja gayo tenI vAta karI haze. tyAre vArtAne uddabhava thaye haze. yAjJavalkaya, rAjA janaka, maitreyI vagerenI kathAomAM tathA mahAbhAratanAM gaMgAvataraNa, zRMga, nahuSa, yayAti, zakuntalA, bhAratamAM vArtAnuM prAcInatama rUpa kathA che. sthAomAM naLa vagerenAM upAkhyAne, harivaMza pariziSTa brahmAMDa, vIro ane rAjAonAM zaurya, prema, nyAya jJAna ane vairAgya. brala- vartA, ziva, kada jevA purANomAM vArtAlApa vagesamadayAtrAnAM sAhasa, AkAza tathA anya agamya parvatIya remAM kathA tenA skaTa - saskaTa svarUpe dRSTigocara thAya che. prANIonuM aciva vagerenI vAta hoya che. kathA jIvana jeTalI ahIM kathAnI preraNA dhAmika AcAra ane AdhyAtmika tattva ja vyApaka ane vaividhyapUrNa che. jIvananA sArA narasAM dareka ciMtanamAMthI phare che. ane tene uddezya nIti ane kartavyanuM pAsAMnI carcA temAM karavAmAM Ave che. kathAmAM rAjA, maMtrI, zikSaNa ApavAnuM che. bhAratIya tattvajJAnanA dohana rUpa cara, senA, bhaya, yuddha, anna, pAna, vastra, zayA, mAlA, upaniSada kathAo jIva, izvara ane jagata viSenAM ga, jAti, ratha, grAma, nigama, nagara, janapada, strI, zUra, ciMtana ane ane vivecananA agAdha jJAnavAridhi samI panaghaTa, bhUta preta ane sAmudrika ghaTanAo jevA mAnava che. jIvanane UMDe marma samajAvatI, tattvajJAna, lekajIvanane pazatA aneka viSayanI carcA AvI zake che. A nIti ane rAjanItinI vizad chaNAvaTa karatI A kathAo prakAranI kathAo mukhyatve ghaTanA-pradhAna hoya che. vAcakane ApaNA sAMskRtika vArasAnAM amUlya rane samI che. ApaNA rasa paNa pAtronAM vyaktitvamAM nahi paraMtu eka pachI eka veda sAhityamAM bIja rUpe rahelI kathA upaniSadamAM theDI banatI ghaTanAomAM hoya che. pAtro karatAM paristhitinuM mahatva sphaTa thAya che. ane ApaNuM mahAkAvyo "rAmAyaNa ane mahAahI vizeSa gaNI zakAya, emAM jIvana vArtAne AkA2 nathI bhAratamAM tenA prathama aMkare spaSTa dekhAya che. mahAkAvyo ApatuM, paraMtu jIvanane AkAra vArtA ApavA racAya che. parathI ane saMskRta vyAkaraNazAstrI pataMjalie "kAtAlIya" vagere keTalIka kavitenA je dAkhalA ApyA che tenA AdhAre graMthastha thayA pahelAM A vArtAo ghaNA samaya sudhI bhAratamAM prANI kathAo paNa te samaye pracalita haze ema lekamukhe pracalita haze. Aje paNa ApaNAM leka sAhityamAM mAnI zakAya tema chatAM AvI kathAnuM keI nizcita sAhitya vArtAonA vipula bhaMDAra paDelA che; mATe ja eka aMgreja svarUpa te vakhate spaSTa baMdhAyela haze ema mAnavuM vadhAre Caglia sej 3. "Folk-tole is the tather of all paDatuM gaNAya. fiction" A prakAranA vArtA sAhityamAM guNADhaya kRta "bRhakathA" e ati mahatvano graMtha mAnavAmAM Ave che. jo ke Ama kathAnI paraMparAmAM pANIthA (Fable) ane Aje A graMtha aprApya che. tema chatAM tenA parathI racAyelA upadeza kathA (Parab ejne vikAsa ghaNuM mahattva dharAve che. bIjA kathAmaM ane prAcIna sAhityamAM aneka jagyAe AvatA A be prakAra sivAya rUpaka kathA (Allegorh) viSe paNa cheDe A graMthanA ullekha parathI tenA astitvanI ApaNane khAtarI vicAra jarUrI gaNAya. AvI AvI rUpaka kathAo cheka upathAya che. "bRhatkathA parathI budha svAmIe "braha-kathA leka niSadakALa 1 bhAratamAM jovA maLe che. chA-dogya upaniSadamAM saMgraha', kSemendrae bRhatkathA maMjarI" ane emadeve "kathA zvAnane eka samUha (prANa) ane zvAna (mukhya prANI ne sarita sAgaranI racanA karelI che. e vAta niHsaMdeha che. anna mATe prArthanA kare che, ahIM rUpaka kathani ugama spaSTa A prakAranI kathAomAM 'paMcataMtra 'hitapadeza' 'jAtakakathAo', paNe joI zakAya che. A traNe prakAranI kathAo nIti thAo jaina- kathAo" "zaka saptati', 'siMhAsana vyAtrizikA,' 'vaitAla hoI zake paraMtu temanI vacce je sUkama bheda che te samaja paMcaviMzati', "kathANuM va', 'prabaMdhakoSa", "prabaMdha ciMtAmaNi, jarUrI gaNAya. aMgrejImAM jene Parable eTale ke upadezavageremAM AvatI kathAone paNa samAveza karI zakAya. A kathA athavA dRSTAMta kathA kahe che. te kaI naitika prazna spaSTa manaraMjana pUrNa kathAone prabhAva zailI ane svarUpanI karavA mATe udAharaNarUpe kahelI kathA che. AvI kathAnAM pAtro daSTie pAchaLathI saMskRta ane prAkRta kavioe lakhelI kathA pazu-pakSIo hovAnuM jarUrI nathI. bekasana ane gaeNjha pitAnA emAM joI zakAya che. yed' A reader's guide to literary Terms: A Dietionary -Hal yeashi Parablell 411.41 4217101 | bhAratanA sauthI prAcIna vADamayevedamAM ApaNe vArtAne kare che. "A short short simple story illusteating tenA bIja svarUpe spaSTa rIte joI zakIe chIe. RgavedanA a morat lesson, gna Parable the story is dev Jain Education Intemational

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ati saMdarbha graMtha 155 loped not for its own sake lut only in so which is always closely attrched, in the fable or as reinorcer the moral whics is always the charaeters ars animals or plants or even xplicit " A prakAranI kathAnA jANItA dAkhalAomAM bAI, inanimate objects, but the incident is self ulamAM AvatI 'uDAu putra' (Prodigal son) ane "bhala subbieient without the moral; in the allegory meriTana" (Good samaritan) gaNAvI zakAya. "paMcataMtra' the names of the priticipants are abstract Mi 2419 04'll or 52124 21901 sel (Fabler) en aualities and the applicalion is alwrys evident paMcataMtranI kathAomAM "lebhI devazarmA ane dhUrta aSADha (pR. 297) ti" gharaDe vANiyo ane tenI taruNa patnI" ane "bhikSu uparokata sarva prakAranA lakSaNe dharAvatI kathAo manA mAthAM pheDanAra vANaMda" e upadezakathAo che paNa maNIkathAo nathI. bhAratamAM ati prAcIna kALathI maLI Ave che hiMdanI pudANu kathAo mAtra mahAkAvyo mAM ja maryAdita che evuM nathI cheka prANIkathAo (Fagles) paga gadya athavA gadya-padyamAM vedakALathI te utarI AvI che ane aneka svarUpe tathA hilI nItikathAo che evI kathA moTe bhAge lekasAhityamAMthI rUparaMgamAM AkhAye saMskRta sAhityamAM jovA maLe che.(harU) AvatI hoya che ane temAM etihAsika dAvo karavAmAM nathI mAruM hiMdanuM darzana pR. 127) bhAratanA A prAcIna vArtA Avate kyAreka temAM bAlizatA paNa jovA maLe che kathAnAM sAhityanuM nIce pramANe vibhAjana karI zakAya. pAtra pazu paMkhIo ke manuSyatara anya prANIo hoya che paraMtu temanA vANI ane vartana manuSya jevAM ja hoya che. bekasa 3 A udezAtmaka kathAoH na ane gejha Falle nI vyAkhyA A pramANe Ape che. tenA nIce pramANe peTA vibhAga pADI zakAya. A brief narrative in either verse or pr- (5) dhArmika prazikSaNa ane dharmanA saMskAronA sIMcana ese which illustrates some morol truth the mATe lakhAyelI kathAo jemAM buddhanA pUrvajanma viSenI characters are often animals us in the fables 550 jAtaka kathAo ane jaina dharmane laganI prAkRta bhASAmAM httributed to the greek slave Aesop but are lakhAyelI kathAo vagere gaNI zakAya. jenee hindudharma Bot invariably so" (pR. 66) Aja matalabanI paraMtu ane bauddhadharmanI aneka kathAone temanA dharmanA siddhAMtane kAMIka saraLa evI vyAkhyA oxford funior Encyclop- anukaLa upayoga karyo che. pedia vol mAM ApelI che. "These are stories in which un animal, tree, or some otherd jAtaka kathAomAMnI ghaNI tathA zrIkRSNa, gaMgAvataraNa bbjeet speaks they and aets like a human ane sAgarane 60,000 putronI kathAo jaina sAhityamAM being they generally howe a moral " (pR. 167) Ave che. bhabAhunA lakhelI kathAo tathA kathAkASa'mAM AvatI mahAbhAratanI naLadamayaMtInI kathA ullekhanIya che. hindudharmanAM * rUpaka kathA (Allegory) mAM sapATI para dekhAtA artha purANe upaniSado, ane mahAkAvyamAM paNa A prakAranI kathAo karatAM AMtarika artha judo ja hoya che. tenAM pAtro svataMtra ane Ave che. AgavuM vyakitatva dharAvatA nathI hotA paraMtu teo koIbhAva vicAra sadaguNa, sadaguNa, davata na dava tana jevAM ke kAma-vera [gha] vyavaha 2Ana ApatI kathAoH - kamratA-abhimAna paropakAra IrSA vigerenA pratinidhirUpa hoya che AmAM saMskRtamAM lakhAyelI duniyAdArInA DahApaNanI upakathAmAM paNa upadezanuM tatva hoya che. tathA rAjanItinI kathAono samAveza karI zakAya paMcataMtra' [ A traNe prakAro vacceno bhedra spaSTa karatAM josepha TI A prakAranI kathAo pramukhagraMtha che. Rua zulea Dietionary of world Literature mAM lakhyuM che. (2) mAtra AnaMda ApA mATe lakhAyelI kathAo "the three most commofi of the short A prakAranI kathAomAM nIce pramANe peTA vibhAga oralistic literary types, allagary, parable and 4 21914. Table, are of ten distinguisned but vaguely if all A pajable is a short narrativc where of | (3) "bRhatkathA" je pahelAM prAkRtamAM ane pAchaLathI kaaracters are usually human feings the in* saMskRtamAM lakhAyelI; tathA "DatALa paMcaviMzatikA" "zaka ent has littdle point without the morac saptati' vigere A prakAranA vArtAsaMgraho che. Jain Education Intemational

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156 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 (4) saMskRta gadyamAM lakhelI sAhasa ane zRMgAranI in partiedular animal abler, had their princ kathAo jevI ke, "dazakumAra carita" "vAsavadattA" vagere. ipal origin in india (max muiler, chips from a German work shor vol Iv pR. 412) prANIkathAAma bhAratanuM vArtA sAhitya jeTaluM prAcIna che eTa one udgama bhAratamAM thavAnuM svAbhAvika paNa che kAraNa ke luMja vaividhyapUrNa che, ema uparokata vibhAjanathI spaSTa thAya bhAratIyane prakRtti ane pazu pakSIo sAthe nikaTane ane che. jagatanA prAcIna vArtA sAhityamAM bhArata zreSTha sthAna dharAve gADha saMbaMdha che. Aryo, pazu pAlako ane grAmya jIvana che. eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu bhArate potAnI A samRddhi vadha jIvanArA hatA tethI teo pazu pakSIonA nitya paricayamAM bharamAM chUTe hAthe verI che. bhAratanA vipula vArtA khajAnAmAMthI rahetA anya jIvananA saMskAramAM pAMgarelI prajAnA sAhityamAM duniyAnA keTalAye dezoe aneka vArtA ratana prApta karyA che. pazu pakSInI vArtAono vikAsa svAbhAvika gaNAya. eca. jI. nItikathA ane prANIkathAno janma bhAratamAM thayo haze ema robInsa te cekanuM jaNAve che ke-The East is the ghaNA vidvAno mAne che. ApaNe vAveda ke jene jagatano home of fables, and some of the oldest folkprAcInatama graMtha mAnavAmAM Ave che tenA samayathI ja bhAra. Saories which are woven into the Very web tamAM vArtAno janma thai cUkayo hato. parantu vedanA samaya of European lijerature, may be traced to those viSe judAM judAM maMtavya pracalita che. mekasamUlara 12 00 thI great Indian Collection of tales, the Buddhist 101 0 I. sa. pUrve, tilaka ane jarmana paMDita jekebI Tataks or Birth Stories, the Panchatantra, and 6000thI 4500 I. sa. pUrve vinTara miksa 2500 I. sa. the Hitopadesh or Book of useful Counsels" pUve ane bhagavata zaraNa upAdhyAya 3000 thI 14 0 I. sa. (The Legacy of India, pR. 23 ) Ama chatAM Do. pUrve jharvedano samaya hovAnAM maMtavyo dharAve che. samagra rIte velara jevA keTalAka abhyAsIo prANI kathA ene udbhava vicAra karatAM I. sa. pUrve 3000thI ra000 ne samaya je meTA cIsa athavA yuropanA keI pradezamAM thayo hovAnuM mAne bhAganA vidvAne mAne che te satyathI vadhu najIka jaNAya che. che, jyAre keTalAka e mAna ijiptane Ape che. tema chatAM ethI paNa jUnA samayanI vArtAo jagatanA anya dezamAM pracalita hovAnA dAvA AgaLa dharavAmAM AvyA eka evI mAnyatA paNa pravarte che ke grIsamAM prApya che, kahevAya che ke IjiptamAMthI maLI Avela " jAdugaranI prANI kathAo bhAratIya prANIkathAo karatAM jUnI che. zrIka kavi kathAo" (Taler of the magician) I. sa. pUrve 4000 hesiDanI amuka vArtA kharA arthamAM prANIkathA hovAnuM thI 3000 vacce pracalita hatI. IjiptanA keI lahiyAe mAnavAmAM Ave che. vadhu mahatvano chatAM muzkela prazna bhAratamAM I. sa. pUrve 3459mAM ijiptanA rAjA khaphI (Khatri)nI maLatI prANIkathAo ane IsapanI nItikathA e vaccenA takhelI vArtAno "khazrInI vArtA ' (The tale of khatri) sa ba dhanA che. i.sa. pUrve pAMcamAM saikA mAM thaI gayele Isapa e nAme utAro karela che. rAjA khaphrI lAhiyA karatAM paNa eka graMki gulAga hatA tevI noMdha grIka itihAsakAra heraDoTase 1500 varSa pahelAM thayela hovAnuM manAya che. A ja rIte karI che heDeTasane janma i.sa. pUrve 484mAM thayo hate. cIsa temaja anya dezomAM paNa ghaNA prAcIna samayathI vArtA tethI IsapanI nItikathAo kadAca A samaya daramiyAna racAI astitvamAM hovI joIe evI mAnyatA pravarte che. enphalega hoya. I. sa. pUrve 300nI AsapAsa i.sa. 5 nItikathA (Andrew hang! judA judA dezamAM pracalita loka kathA gaMthastha thayela haze evuM mAnavAmAM Ave che. pleToe noMdhyuM. enA tulanAtmaka abhyAsa pachI evA maMtavya AvyA che ke che ke sekraTIsane kedamAM pUravAMmAM AvyA tyAre IsapanI ghaNA deze je bhAratanA sIdhA saMparkamAM nahAtA AvyA tyAM keTalIka vArtA e padmamAM utArIne te potAno samaya vitAvate paNa ghaNuM prAcIna samayathI A vArtAo maLI Avela che. hato. grIka nATakakAra erisTora zenise IsapanI viSenAM ullekha karyA che ane erisToTale paNa tenI eka bhAratamAM prANa kathAo: vArtA utArI che. jo ke A prANI kathAo Isape pite vArtA sAhityanA itihAsamAM prANI kayAne vikAsa e lakhI haze athavA gIsamAM judA judA samaye pracalita eka mahattvanuM sImAcihna na gaNAya che. jagatane ghaNA vidvAne banelI A kathAo pAchaLathI "isapanI nItikathAo" e e spaSTa abhiprAya dharAve che ke beya pradhAna prANIkathA- nAme prasidhdha karavAmAM AvelI haze. te aMge paNa kaMI eno udbhava bhAratamAM ja thayela che. thIDora belphI cokakasa vidhAna karI zakAya tema nathI isapanA jIvana viSe (Theodor Benley) jene "paMcataMtra'ne 'Das Panen- paNa kAMI cokakasa mAhitI nathI te phrijI (pnrygla) ne atantra" nAme jarmana anuvAda tenI mAnyatA pramANe prANI- ne rahevAsI hatA evA ulekha avAra navAra Ave che. paraMtu kathAonI utpatti bhAratamAM ja thaI che. mekasamUlaranuM paNa evuM phijIA (phrygia) ane misIA (mysia) mAM AvatI ja maMtavya che. "It is extremely likely that fables, eka nadInuM nAma paNa aesepos che vaLI drayanA gharamAM bhAga Jain Education Intemational

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha 157 AvI kathAo svataMtra . nA rahevAsI bhAratI havAnI jeTalI IsapanInA eka khristI sAdhue lenAra eka TrAjana nAgarika paNa te ja nAmathI jANItuM che. gaNavAmAM Ave che. jyAre baMnemAM eka sarakhI kathAonI Isapa pate koI lekhita racanA choDI gayA nathI paNa I. sa. saMkhyA Azare ekAda Dajhana che. eTalA parathI ja evuM spaSTa nA trIjA saukAmAM bebriyasa nAmanA eka grIka lekhake Isapane na kahI zakAya ke grIsa ja prANIkathAonuM udbhava sthAna che, nAme pracalita vArtAo padyamAM utarI hatI. jo ke bebriyasanA ane isapanI nItikathAo para thI bhAratanI A prakAranI graMthanA paNa atyAre te TukaDA ja maLe che. tyAra pachI phikasa kathAo racAyelI che. vaLI grIsamAM AvI kathAo svataMtra nAmanA lekhake e vAtAonuM leTina rUpAMtara karyu chevaTe I. sa. rIte udbhavI hovAnI jeTalI zakyatA che tethI vizeSa zakyatA nA teramAM athavA caudamA ke sTanTine la nA rahevAsI bhAratamAMthI paziyA mAraphata A kathAe grIsamAM pravezI lenyuDajha nAmanA eka khristI sAdhue heter, aesopud hevAnI che. (IsapanInItikathAo) nAme racanA karI A graMthamAM paMcataMtranA eka e mata paNa pravarte che ke A kathAo bhArate arabI anuvAda kalIloha dignAha nI vArtAo uparAMta grIsa athavA grIse bhArata pAsethI prApta karyAnI jeTalI zakyatA jUnA samaya thI cAlI AvatI IsapanI kahevAtI vArtAo rahelI che teTalI ja zakyA bhArata ane grIsa baMnee ijipta ane anya pracalita prANIkathAo paNa levAmAM AvI. eziyA, mAInera ane siriyAmAM rahelA keI sarva sAmAnya atyAre pracalita IsapanI nItikathAo mahadaMze TalecuDasanI mAMthI prApta karI hovAnI che. AthI e. bI. kItha A racanA parathI utarI AvelI che. Ama sarvAze nahIM te amuka kathAone bhArata yuropIya (gando European) kALane aMze paNa "IsapanI nItikathAo' bhAratanI e prakArI vArtA saMyukta vArasa hovAnuM mAne che. bhASAkIya dRSTie paNa grIka : ene AbhArI che. ane saMskRta baMne eka ja kuLanI (aryan athavA godo Isapa viSe atyAra sudhImAM je kaMI ullekha maLI 1uropean bhASAo che. bhArata ane yuropa nI ghaNI bhASAAvyA che te eTalA te aspaSTa ane asaMbaddha che ke te enI bAbatamAM che tema sAhityanI bAbatamAM paNa keTalIka uparathI keTalAka viddha nee te IsapanI aitihAsikatA viSe kathAo bhArata yuropIya saMghane sAmAnya vArasa hovAnI ja zaMkA uThAvI che. sara viliyama jensa kahe che keH - zakayatAne nakArI kADhavAnuM muzkela che. As the very existonce of aesop; whom paraMtu vadhu vicAra karatAM zrI bhegIlAla sAMDesarA kahe the arabs believe to have been an abyssini che tema ekaMdara aitihAsika hakIktanI daSTie "prANI kathA enI bAbatamAM palluM hindanI tarapheNamAM namatu jaNAya che." an, appears ratbas doublul gam not disicin prANI kathAonAM bIja bhAratamAM cheka vedakALathI maLI Ave ed to suppose that the fisrt moral of gnlian or Ethiopian crigin." che. jagatanA prAcInatama graMthamAM jenI gaNanA thAya che te TvedanA sUkta 8-103mAM maMtrocAra karatA brAhmaNonA isapanA astitvane asvIkAra karavA jeTaluM uddAma svara ghevane comAsAmAM avAja karatAM deDakAMnA avAja sAthe valaNa batAvIe te paNa bhAratamAM prANIkathAo isapa pahelAM sarakhAve che. 'chAMdogya upaniSadamAM rAtre UDatA be haMsane ghaNA samaye pracalita hatI evA spaSTa purAvA jAtaka kathAo vArtAlApa sAMbhaLIne jAnukuti sautrAyaNanuM lakSya gADAvALA parathI maLe che. bhAratamAM keTalAka bauddha stUpa para jAtaka kathA- 2kava pratye kheMcAya che. AvA kathAnaka uparathI rItasaranI enA TaLe kaMDArelAM maLI AvyAM che. A prakAranA sUpamAM prANIkathAne vikAsa sahaja gaNI zakAya ane vastutaH ApaNuM sauthI jUno ane mahattvane e bArahaTate tU5 alhAbA- mahAkAvya rAmAyaNa ane mahAbhAratamAM AvI kathAo suvikadathI 120 mAila dUra AvelA eka gAmaDAmAM e. kaniMgahAme sita rUpamAM dekhAya che. mekaDonala kahe che tema, "The olde1873 I. sa. mAM zeTyA. tenA para 'jAtaka kathAo nA st aetant fable in gndian iterature ane to le keTalAye daye kaMDArelA jovA maLe che. temAMnA 28 zipa found in the mahalwarata" (gndia's paet, y. spaSTa samajI zakAya che. jemAM keTalIkaI sapanIti paranA zilAlekha 120) mahA bhAratamAM AvatI keTalIye prANIkathAo A prakAranI parathI tene samaya 250thI200 I.sa. pUrve nizcita mAnavAmAM kathAonA uttama dAkhalA rUpa che." "paMcataMtra ane pAli Ave che. tenA para je kathAonAM daLe kaMDAravAmAM AvyAM "jAtakamAM jovAmAM Ave che evI prANIkathAo mahAbhAratamAM che te kathAo I. sa. pUrve cothI sadInA samayamAM racAI haze paNa che. gIdha ane ziyALanI vArtA jemAM baMnenI hoMsAtAMsIthI jyAre A kathAo jenA parathI na racAI te mULa kathAo bemAMthI ekene chokarAnuM maDadu khAvA maLatuM nathI. ( zAMtite AnAthI paNa ghaNI jUnI haze. A rIte 'jAtaka kathAo' parva, adhyAya 153); haMsanI sAthe uDavAnI spardhA karIne grIsamAM pracalita kathAethI svataMtra evI kathAo bhAratamAM chevaTe samudramAM paDI janAra ane haMsanI dhyAthI ja bacanAra pracalita hovAnI mAnyatA daDha kare che. jAtaka kathAonI saMkhyA kAgaDAnI vArtA (kaNuM parva, adhyAya 41); bakarAja ane nADI 547 ane IsapanI nItikathAonI saMkhyA 300 AsapAsa jaMgha brAhmaNanI ardhaprANIkathA (zAntiparva, adhyAya 169 Jain Education Intemational

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158 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 73); tapazcaryA karIne se jana lAMbI DekanuM varadAna mAganAra uparAMta vanaparva, adhyAya 130 - 131 mAM AvatI ALasu UMTanI vArtA (zAMtiparva, adhyAya 112); ityAdi pratyutpanamati, anAgata vidhAtA ane dIrdha sUtrI nAmanAM traNa prANIkathAo te mahAbhAratamAM che ja paNa te uparAMta paMcataMtra mAMchalAMonI kathA (je "paMcagaMtamAM paNa Ave che) Adi nI saMkhyAbaMdha vArtAo paNa tyAM jovAmAM Ave che "paMca- parvamAM AvatI sunda ane upazunda nAmanA be datya bhAItaMtra saMpAdaka zrI bhegIlAla sAMDesarA 'pR. 90) enI kathA, zAMtipavana adhyAya 139mAM AvatI nIti cakalInI vArtA re vArtAo bhAratamAM A prakAranI vArtAo bhAratIya sAhityamAM rAjanItinA zikSaNa mATe prANa ghaNA prAcIna kALathI astitvamAM hatI evuM darzAvavA mATe kathAone upayoga karanAra "mahAbhArata sauthI paheluM graMtha che. pUstI che. "mahAbhArata'nI ghaNI vArtAo bhAratanA anya vArtA evuM che. bhegIlAla sAMDesarAnuM maMtavya sarvasthA yegya che. saMgrahomAM paNa pAThAMtaro, rUpAMtara sAthe maLI Ave che. mahA bhAratamAM zaramAzAyI bhISma pitAmaha mahArAjA yudhi bhAratanAM graMtha ratna "paMcataMtra' ane 'jAtaka para mahAbhAratanI SThirane ane mahAbhakta vidurajI dhRtarASTrane pazupakSIone paNa kathAo graMthastha thayA pahelAM bhAratanA leka sAhityamAM vikasI mANasa jAtanA AcAra vicAre pramANe AvanArA gaNI temanA hevAnI mA catA bilakula tathyahIna che ema kahI zakAya tema dAkhalA ApIne uttama rAjanIti samajAve che. A prakAranI nathI. Ama kALanI dRSTie bhAratanI prANIkathAo Isapa pahelAM kathAomAM mahAbhAratanI keTalIka kathAo vizeSa ullekhanIya che. ghaNA samayathI pracalita hatI e vAta spaSTa che. mahAbhAratanA Adiparva, adhyAya 153mAM kUTanItirI bIjI rIte vicAra karatAM A kathAomAM AvatAM prANIo kaNika pAMDavo sAme kevI yukti-prayuktione pravega kare ziyALa, hAthI, mera vagere khAsa karIne bhAratamAM vizeSa joIe te samajAvavA dhRtarASTrane eka ziyALe pitAnA cAra jovA maLe che. yupIya kathAomAM ziyALane sthAne lAkaDI mitre vAgha, varu, uMdara ane neLiyAne kaI rIte yukti pUrvaka che taryA ane pote ekalAe ja mRganuM bhakSaNa karyuM te vArtA athavA phapa uDI Ave che; paraMtu siMha ane vacceno saMbaMdha jeTale svAbhAvika che teTale lekaDI ane siMDa vacce nathI. anya prANIo bhAratamAM maLI AvatAM teTalA pramANamAM udyogaparvamAM "dhama cihana vrajAnI jema pharakatAM ane trIsamAM na hatAM. yuropamAM isapanI nItikathAone eka ja mA gupta hoya tevA paiDAla vRtadhArI DhAMgI bilADInI kathA graMtha che. jyAre bhAratamAM AvA prakAranI kathAonA aneka Ave che. gaMgA kinAre dharmane Dhaga racI tapasvInA svAMgamAM ethe maLI AvyA che, temaja ApaNA prAcIna sAhityamAM uMdarane vizvAsa saMpAdana karyA pachI dararoja uMdaranuM bhakSaNa paNa A prakAranI kathA Thera Thera verAyelI paDI che. Ama karI haSTapuSTa banatA jatA eka bilADAne Di'Dika nAmano eka saMkhyAnI dRSTie paNa bhArata grIsathI AgaLa nIkaLI jAya che. buddhimAna uMdara pitAnI yuktithI prANanI Ahuti ApIne uparAMta niHzayaNe bhAratanI evI traNa kathAo: " vAghanA paNa khule pADe che. uMdaronI saMkhyA ghaTavathI vicAramAM cAmaDAmAM rahele gadheDe,' 'kAna ane hadaya vinAne gadheDo,' pahele Di'Dika bIjA uMdarane pitAne ekalAne pAchaLa cheDI tathA be huM ane kAcaba' bhAratamAMthI pazcimamAM gayelI dara javAnuM kahe che. jethI bilADo pitAnuM bhakSaNa karI jAya che. e abhyAsIone spaSTa mata che. A traNe vArtAo te bIjA uMdarane tenI khabara paDe. A yuktithI ajJAta paMcataMtra ane pAli 'Ataka' baMnemAM che. yuropamAM pracalita bilADe DiDikane khAI gaye eTale bIjA uMdare cetIne nAsI pitAnA lagna viSenA taraMgamAM rAcatI dUdhavALI nI thA asala gayA. bilADo paNa potAne raste paDaye pAli 'jAtaka" nI mAM paMcataMtramAM AvatI 'havAI killA bAMdhanAra brAhmaNa nI 128mI kathAmAM A ja prakAranI vAta Ave che. paraMtu temAM vArtAnuM rUpAMtara che. bemAMthI paMcataMtranI vArtA vadhu yogya bilADAne sthAne ziyALa Ave che, paraMtu A prakAranA dhama jaNAya che. chatAM bhArata nI vArtAonI yuropa pahoMcyA pachI DhaMganuM nAma "biDAlavata' hoI mahAbhAratanI kathA vadhu egya kaI rIte tyAMnA jIvanane anukULa kAyApalaTa karI nAkhavAmAM lAge che. AvI tenuM suMdara daSTAMta A kathA pUruM pADe che. karI haSTapuSTa banatA ja tithI prANanI ANa vicAramAM cAmaDAmAM che. A yA karI jAya ne khAI gayo zAMtiparva, adhyAya 116-117mAM AvatI eka prANuM uparokata carcAne AdhAre eTaluM te spaSTa kahI zakAya kathAma trASi kUtarAne dipaDAnA bhayathI bacAvavA dipaDe, ke bhAratanI prANIkathAo A dezamAM ja saMpUrNa paNe vikasI dipaDane siMhanA bhayathI bacAvavA siMha ane e ja rIte che. te pachI Isapa nI kathAomAM je ekAda Dajhana kathAo siMhane zarabha banAve che pachI eka divasa zarabhe muninuM ja bhAratanI paNa maLI Ave che te aMge ze khulAso ApI lehI pIvAne vicAra karatAM munie tene pAcho kUtara banAvI zakAya ? zrI jekabsa (Jacous) jemaNe "Midner rabla" dIdhe. Aja vArtA thoDA pheraphAra sAthe "vAgha banele uMdara nAme paMcataMtra para yahudI bhASAmAM TIkA lakhI che temaNe jAtaka muni' nI vArtArUpe "hitopadeza'mAM najare paDe che. kathAo 30, 32, 34, (45 sAthe), 136, 143, 146, Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 159 189, 215, 294, 308, 374, 383 ane 426 naMbara pAli jAtaka nI kathAonI sAthe sAmya dharAvatI Isapa nItikathAomAMnI 'siMhanA cAmaDAmAM rahele gadheDe', 'varu ane bakarInuM baccuM" bhAratamAM prAcIsthAone upaga rAjanIti ane 'ziyALa ane kAgaDo' vagere kathAo gaNAvelI che je A vyavahArajJAna uparAMta dharmanA zikSaNa mATe paNa thate A vArtAo bhAratamAMthI grIsamAM paheAMcI hoya te kaI rIte ane prakAranA vArtA saMgrahamAM pAli "jAtaka' mukhya che. A graMtha kayAre tyAM pahoMcI haze e prazna mahatvanuM banI rahe che. bhArata viSe zrI sAMDesarA lakhe che ke "pAlijAtaka' e bhAratIya ane grIsa vacce sIdho saMparka sikaMdaranA samayathI sthapA. paraMtu leka kathAone eka zakavatI saMgraha che. jo ke "jAtaka" nA evI eka zakyatA rahelI che ke bhAratamAMthI paziyA ane saMkalanakAra athavA saMgrAhake leke kathAone dharmakathAonuM tyAMthI eziyA mAInara thaI A vArtAo I. sa. pUrve chaThThA svarUpa ApyuM che ane bhagavAna budadhe pitAnA seMkaDo parve kAmAM pahoMcI hoya kemake paziyAnA rAjA mahAna dAria janmamAM judI judI pAramitAonuM saMpAdana kevI rIte karyuM sane (Darins the Great) khaMDaNI ApanAra pradezamAM e AlekhavA mATe tene upayoga karyo che paNa "paMcataMtra' siMdha ane gAMdhAra pradezane paNa samAveza thate evA auti. 'bRhakathA'mAMnI vAtoe paNa mULabhUta rIte prAcIna bhAratamAM hAsika pUrAvA maLI Ave che. A vArtAo bhAratamAMthI grIsa pracalita e A pracalita evI lakathAo ja che e hakIkatamAM kaMI phera pahoMcI tema mAnavAne mATe eka vadhu prabaLa kAratha e che ke paDatA nathI." grIka bhASAmAM lakhAyelI hovA chatAM A vArtAo keTalAMka bauddha dharmanA pAlibhASAmAM lakhAyelA "sUtrapiTaka" ne khAsa bhAratIya tattva dharAve che. uparAMta grIsanI asara taLe dasame vibhAga "jAtaka tarIke oLakhAya che. atyAre je na AvelA evA jagatanA anya bhAgomAM maLI AvatI svarUpamAM jAtaka kathAo maLI Ave che te "sUtrapiTakamAM AvatI kathAo bhAratanI kathAone vadhu maLatI Ave che. Ama jene kathAo pramANe che. kula 547 jAtaka kathAo che ane pratyeka grIsa (Genesis) 16nI 26mI kathAmAM IjiptanuM pATrija kathAmAM sAkyamuni bauddhatvane pAmyA te pahelAM temanAM kaI (paridge) pakSI siMhaNanA gaLAmAMthI hADakuM kheMcI kADhe. che. te jAtaka -308 mujabanI che. jyAre Isapa nItikathAmAM AgaLanA avatAranI vAta Ave che. AmAMnI keTalIka vArtAo judI judI paristhitimAM judA judA svarUpe varNavAyelI che. siMhanI jagyAe varu wolf | Ave che. "Isthara' (Es her) kayAreka badhisatvanA eka ja avatAramAM keTalIka vArtAo sAthe 3nI kathA 6mAM dariyAnAM mejAM jyAM sudhI pahoMcI zake tevI jagyAe mALA karatA ane cAMcathI pANI ulecatA eka paNa bane che. jAtakathAo Ama bhUtakALanI kathAo che je vata mAna saMdarbhamAM baMdhabesatI thAya e rIte kahevAmAM AvelI pakSIne bIjuM pakSI upAlaMbha Ape che; kathA jAtaka -146mAM che paraMtu A jAtanI kathA iSamAM nathI. isthara--3nI kathA che. budAnA daunika jIvanamAM AvatI kaI ghaTanA jevI ke 1mAM gadheDI, tenuM baccuM (lAkuM) ane bhUMDaNa pALanAra zimAM rahelI ke truTi, bina AjJAMkti paNuM, kaIka eka mANasanI kathA khorAka nathI Apate jyAre bhU DaNane naitika prata paranI carcA vagere prasaMge budhdha potAnA AgalA khUba khavaDAve che AthI bacuM mAtAne phariyAda kare che ke teo avatAramAM banelI ke samAna ghaTanA jenuM punarAvartana A mahenata kare che chatAM temane mAlika temane pUrate khorAka janmamAM paNa thatuM jovAmAM Ave che te kahe che ane tenA paNa ApatuM nathI. ane ALazu bhUMDaNane khUba khavaDAve che. naitika athavA dhArmika mahatva viSe carcA kare che. AthI dareka mAtA sAnamAM samajAve che ke samaya Avye badhuM samajAze. kathAmAM bAdhisatva eka pAtra tarIke cokkasa ja Ave ja che. pachI jyAre mijabAnIne samaya Ave che tyAre tAjI -ma jI. kathAnA mULa svarUpamAM AvuM ke i pAtra na hoya te temAM thayelI bhU DaNanI katala karavAmAM Ave che tyAre svAmInI kRpA zeDo pheraphAra Ave che. tema chatAM je pAtra tarIke AvI zake pAchaLa rahelI kuratA mAtA baccAne samajAvyuM che. jAtaka-30 tema na hoya te bedhasatva eka taTasthA dRSTA tarIke paNa mAM gadheDI ane tenA baccAnI jagyAe baLada ane tene ka AmAM Ave che; ane pitAnA AcaraNuM kathana dvArA upadeza nAbhAI Ave che. paraMtu IsapanIti kathAmAM mahenatu baLada Ape che. gadya ane padya baMnemAM hoya che. kathAno upadeza ane vAcharaDI Ave che. mijabAnIne divase vAcharaDIne vadha te vAcharaDInA vadha skUTa karatA padya bhAga gAthAthI kathAnI samApti thAya che. Ta ka karavA mATe tene laI ja.mAM Ave che tyAre baLada hase che. | 'jAtakamAM AvatA keTalIye kathAo paMcataMtra, mahAane vAtomAM le huM deza spaSTa kare che. bhAratanI prANIkathAo Ama potAnA vinA rUpamAM mAtra IsapakathAomAM bhArata, bRhatkathA jevA anya graMthamAM paNa Ave che. zrI sAMDeja nahi paraMtu jagatanA aneka dezomAM aneka bhASAomAM sarA kahe che temaH "paMcataMtra ane pAlijAtakamAM mAluma paDatI ghaNA prAcIna samayathI pracalita banI che. zrI bhegIlAla samAnatAonA aDayAsa uparathI eka ja nirNaya upara AvI sAMDesarAnA zabdomAM "Ama badhI rIte vicAratA prANIkathAne zakAya tema che ane te e ke baMnenA kartAoe prAcIna pracAra pazcimamAMthI pUrvamAM nahi, paNa pUrvamAMthI pazcimamAM bhAratIya lokavArtA sAhityanA saMcita bhaMDArane upaga karyo thayo hoya ema mAnavuM e sayuktaka che. che, baMnenuM upAdAna eka ja che paraMtu emAMthI ekanA kartAe Jain Education Intemational www.ainelibrary.org

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160 rAjanItizAstra; dunyavI DahApaNa ane rAjasI kaNyatAne upadeza ApavAnuM sAdhana meLavyuM te. jyAre bIjAnA kartAe emAMthI bauddha pAme mitAnA upadeza tAravIne bodhisatvano buddha rUpe thatA mAyika vikAsa AlekhyA che, tathA sAmAnya janatAmAM e vArtAo dvAra boddha dharmanA prAra karavAnI taka lIdhI che.' Ama meATA bhAganI jAtaka kathAnA nirvANuM tarapha lai jatA baudhdha savA jevA ke jagatanA ni ya paNAnA svIkAra, yudhdhamAM zradhdhA, bAhya dhArmika vidhienA asvIkAra ane Ama dhikkAra, bhrama, jevAM budhanA je mAsane umadA mArga jato aTakAve che temAMthI chUTakAro meLavavAno upadeza Ape che. badhI ja jAtaka kathAonI racanA budhdhanA jIvanakALa daramiyAna ja thaI haze kAraNu ke budhdha pAte ja A kA svamukhe kahevI che evu darzAvavAmAM ALyu che. paMcataMtra be bhAratIya thAta sAhityanI yazapatAkA jagatamAM laherAvanAra ane A prakAranA prathAmAM jagatabharamAM sauthI vizeSa prasidhdhi meLavanAra graMtha. paMcataMtra che. paMcataMtranI racanA. maMcanA 'kyAmukha'mAM jaNAvyA pramANe viSNuzarmA nAmanA eka brAhmaNe karI hatI paraMtu e vizamAM kANuM ho karyAnA hatA vagere praznonA satoSakAraka uttara maLI zakatA nathI. eka mAnyatA pramANe arthazAsa'nA kartA viSNugupta cANakaya e ja patatranA viSNuzarmA che. paraMtu arthazAstranI vicAra saghana, kilarTa, sUtrAtmaka bhASA sAthe pacanatranI tyinA bhAra vinAnI, sarala, pravAhI bhASA sarakhAvatAM ane arthAMzA samAM rahelA ga bIya sAme paMcataMtramAM rahelA ramatiyALapaNAne lakSamAM letAM A baMne paMconA karyAM. eka ja mAnI zakAya tema nathI. evuM racanAkAranI bAbatamAM jeTalI aspaSTatA prathane che teTalI ja aspa TatA paMcataMtranA racanAkALa ane racanAra thaLanI bAbatamAM paNa pravarte che. I. sa. 550nA arasAmAM irAnanA tatkAlIna rALa khuzarU nauzeravAMe tenA eka vidvAna darabArI vaidya chujhI mArahata meLavela pacataMtranA pahevImAM anuvAda karAvela tevA spaSTa purAvA prApta che; AthI paMcataMtranA racanAkALanI uttara maryAdA nizciMta rahe . zrI sAMDesarA asala paMcataMtranA racanAkALa i. sa. 100 ane 500 vacce DhAvAnu mAne che. o. mekaDonalanA mata pramANe - eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 che. 'cataMtranI racanA dakSiNa bhAratamAM thai haze. ema paNa keTalAka vidvAnA mAne che; paraMtu kharekhara bhAratanA kathA pradezamAM putaMtranI racanA thaI haze e genA prAvA ekalA paSTa che ke e viSayamAM zuM nizcaya pUrvaka karI zakAya tema nathI. hAla je pacataMtra prApta che tenA mULa svarUpa viSe paNa ghaNI acokkasatA rahelI che. paMcataMtra e sAhityanA atyaMta gokapriya caca hAi ne be hAra karatAM paNa vadhu varSothI lokajIbhe ramatA avelA che, tethI tenA mULa svarUpamAM kALakrame bina thatu Ave te svAbhAvika che. Ama atyAre paMcatta banI judI junI ghaNI pADa para parAo maLI Ave che. jemAM ATha saMskRta pATha paraparA mukhya che, je zA pramANe che: tatrAkhyAyikA kiMALu bhAratIya paMcataMtra, mRtyu thAmajarI vagata pata, kathA saritsAgara alaMgana paMcataMtra, ciMtA pradeza pazcima bhAratIya pacanataMtra ane pR bhaTTanuM paMcataMtra zAriSimAM lakhAyelI 'vatrAkhyAyikA'nI hasta patA kAzmIramAMthI maLI AvelI che. Do. paTalanA mata pramANe, "bIjI koipaNa bhAratIya pADe paraMparAmAM nahi jaLa vA ye lA pataMtranA akSipta ane vikRta pATha' A paraparAmAM jaLakhAyelA che. gagana, vAkhyAyikA paMca 'tranI prAcInatama paraMparAomAMnI eka che chatAM tenA kALa viSe kaMI nizcita aniprAya ApI zakAya tema nathI. paMcataMtranA 'kathAmuLa'mAM guNavyA pramAvyuM mahilArA nagaranA amarazakti nAmanA rAjAnA zera rAjakumArone rAjanIti zAstranu zikSaNa ApavA mATe viSNuzarmAe AnI racanA karI che. mA maca pAMca vibhAgo athavA tanonuM baneluM bhAI tene 'patatra evu nAma ApavAmAM AvyuM madhanA pAMca tatrAnAM nAma mitro, ane apAra zatakAraka che. " Do. egaThananA punaloTA | Rentinell)catranAM pAMca tatrAmAM badhI maLIne kula 32 peDA va A che, tyAre pazcima bhAratIya paMcataMtramAM kula 3 paiDAvALA che. graMthanA prathama taMtra 'mitrabhe'mAM piMgalaka sihu ane sabeMka baLanI mukhya kathA che. damanaka nAmano viSaya sajIvaka baLadane paricaya vanarAja pigalaka sAthe karAve che. pAchaLathI siddha ane baLada vacce badhAyelI gADha maitrIzrI irSALu banelA damanaka tenA mitra karakeTanI anicchA chatAM phUTanIti AcarI baMne vacce bheda paDAvavA taiyAra thAya che. te anukrame siMdu dhA baLada pAse jaIne "tArI mitra tAro "N thing more definite en be raid than that it mosl grobably aiore between virUddha kapaTa Acare che. 'evu kahe che. siddha ane baLada 300 : nd 500 . D. ( gi> past, pu. 123) DaoN. halanA mata pramANe mULa paMcatatranI 5nA I. sa. 200nI AsapAsa thaI ho; jo ke A madhanI ghaNI kayAe agAu ghaNA varSo pUrve racAi haze ema tee mAne vacce gADha maitrI hoi zarUAtamAM te ziyALanI vAta nathI. paraMtu kuTanIne ziyALa Akhare khapatamAM saphaLa thAya che. siMha ane baLada vacce lai thAya che. jemAM siMha baLa ne mArI nAkhe che. pachI siMhane pAvAnA kArya mATe pastAvA thAya che; te vakhate kapaTI ziyALa tenI pAse jaine AzvAsana

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vigere maLIne kAra kRSNa - jANI laI teno vi smRti saMdarbha graMtha 161 Ape che ane siMhanA maMtrI tarIkenuM pate gumAveluM pada salAha levA kAgaDo ujavI, saMjIvI, anujIvI, prajIvI ' chuM prApta kare che, ane ciraMjIvI nAmanA pitAnA pAMce maMtrIone eka pachI eka bolAvI carcA kare che. kAgaDA ene maMtrIo vacce je kapaTI ane khaTapaTI leke kaI rIte mitromAM bheda carcA thAya che temAM rAjanItinA siddhAMtonI vizada chaNAvaTa paDAve che tathA kAcA kAnanA rAjAo sAMbhaLelI vAta mAnI Ave che. Akhare sthira jIvI nAmanA maMtrInI salAhathI 'bheda' laI je avicArI pagalAM bhare che tenAM kevAM anarthakArI dvArA zatrune vizvAsamAM laI chetaro ane tenI gupta mAhitI pariNAme Ave che te A kathAno mukhya dhvani che mukhyakathA jANI lai teno vinAza kara evuM nakkI kare che A pejanA uparAMta khIle kheMcanAra vAMdaro' ziyALa ane nagAMDuM kRSNa mujaba kAgaDe ane sthirajIvI maMtrI vacce vera thayAno dekhAva rUpa dhAraNa karanAra keLI vigere maLIne kula bAvIza 5kathA karavAmAM Ave che. maMtrIne ghAyala karyo hoya evI dazAmAM e A taMtramAM Aveche. mUkIne kAgaDAe jhADa cheDI anyaprajatA rahe che pitAnA bIjAtaMtra "mitrasaMprApti' mAM kAgaDe uMdara magara ane guptacaro dvArA kAgaDA ane maMtrI vacce kalaha thayAnI mAhitI kAcabo e cAra mitronI gADha maitrInI kathA mukhya che maLatAM arimadana mitro sahita jhADa pAse Ave che DhAMgI ladhupatanaka nAmanA kAgaDAe vAryA chatAM hAlAMne rAjA citta- maMtrI dhUvaDa rAjane Azraya mAge che. dhUvaDa pitAnA maMtrIo grIva jIbhanI lelupatAne laIne cokhAnA dANA khAvA mATe rakatAkSa karAkSa dIptAkSa ane vakranAsa De rAjanItinA sidasaparivAra pAradhie bichAvelI jALamAM phasAya che tyAre eka dhAte pramANe sthirajIvInI bAbatamAM zuM karavuM tenI carcA kare saMpa thaI badhAM halAo ekI sAthe jALa laI uDe che ane che nivRtta nAmano maMtrI prakArakarNa zaraNAgata zatrune durgamAM uMdaranA rAja hiraNyaka pAse jALa sahita Ave che. hiraNyaka laI jaI Azraya ApavAnI salAha Ape che te mujaba ghuvaDa cittavane mitra hoI tene jALamAMthI mukata kare che. A joI tene dugamAM laI jAya che ulkarAja ne maMtrI vikAsa bhAvi ne ladhupatanaka paNa uMdaranI maMtrI karavA Icche che. uMdara ane Apatti samajI jAya che ane pitAnA sAthIo sahita anya kAgaDA vacce naisargika jAtivera hovA chatAM ladhupatanakanA DahA rahevA jato rahe che sthira jIvI | nA karavAnA bahAne guphAnA paNu vALAM vacano ane tenI zubhaniSThA joI hiraNyaka tenI mukha AgaLa lAkaDAM bhegAM karI potAnA svAmI meghavaNe pAse mautrI kare che. ladhupataka hiraNyakane pitAne pITha para besATI AvI guphAne Aga lagADavA kahe che te pramANe kAgaDAe guphA jayAM maMtharaka nAmane potAno mitra kAca rahetuM hatuM tyAM Aga lagADe che ane dhUvaDe guphAmAM ja kuMbhIpAkanuM duHkha sarovara pAse Ave che eka divasa pAdhinA trAsathI nAThele bhegavI nAza pAme che ane meivaNa pharIthI AnaMdathI jhADapara citrAMga nAmane mRga tyAM Ave che ane kAgaDA-kAcabA uMdaranI rahevA lAge che. Ama A taMtramAM mukhyatve rAjanItinA [ mitramaMDaLImAM joDAyA che. A cAre mitro paraspara sahAyaane sidhdhAMtonI carcA Ave che, tathA damanane vizvAsa karavAthI - AnaMda vinedamAM hiMse pasAra kare che eka divasa pAradhinI kevAM pariNAma bhegavavAM paDe che tenI carcA Ave che. mukhyakathA jALamAM phasAyelA citrAMgane bIjA traNa mitre suMdara rIte uparAMta pAMca upakathAo A taMtramAM che. bacAva che. cothA taMtra "labdha praNAzamAM vAMdarA ane magaranI Ama sAdhanahIna manuSyo paNa paraspara sAcA neha mukhya kathA che. rakatamukha nAmanA vAMdarAne karAlamukha nAmanA A ane maMtrIzrI DAya te ghaNAM kArya sAdhI zake che. temaja magara sAthe maitrI catAM vAMdaro dararoja magara amRta samAna manuSya sAcA mitre karavA joIe ane mitra sAthe niSkapaTatA mIThAM jAMbuphaLa khAvA Apate. khAtAM bAkI vadhelAM jAMbu thI vartavuM joIe e A taMtrane mukhya sUra che. A taMtramAM magara tenI patnIne Apate. temAMthI eka divasa magarIne | mukhya kathA uparAMta cha upakathAo che. duSTa vicAra Ave che AvAM mIThAM phaLa khAnAra vAMdarAnuM kALaju kevuM mIThuM haze ? magarInI haThane laIne magara kapaTathI - trIjA taMtra "kAkalUkIyAmAM mahilAdhyanagara pAse kAMdarAne pitAnA ghare AvavAnuM AmaMtraNa ApI pIThapara vizALa vaTavRkSamAM vasatA meghavarNa nAmanA kAgaDAnA rAjA ane besADI pANImAM laI jAya che. paraMtu rastAmAM ja te potAno ane bIjI tarapha parvatanI guphArUpI killAmAM Azraya karI daSTa vicAra vAMdarAne jaNAvI de che. tethI vAMdare pite jhADa rahe arimardana nAmanA dhUvaDanA rAjA vaccenA veranI kakyA che. para kALanuM bhUlI gayelo che evuM kahI pharI pitAne kinAre dhUvaDa nitya rAtre AvI kAgaDAone vinaMti karato AthI laI javA kahe che. mUkha magara tene kinAre laI Ave che svataMtrapaNe prasaratA pitA nA mitranI ane roganI upekSA eTale jhADa upara caDhI jaI vAMdarA magarane hAMkI kADhe che. Ama na karavI joIe" evo vicAra karI zatruno vinAza karavArAja jyAre Akasmika Apatti Ave tyAre jenI buddhi mUMjhAtI nItimAM sUcavelA saMdhi, vigraha, yAna, Asana, saMzaya ane nathI tevA lake Apatti DarI jAya che, jayAre mUrkhAo meLadhIbhAva e cha upAmAMthI kayo upAya jo te aMge velI vastu paNa avicArI paNAne lIdhe gumAvI bese che. te Jain Education Intemational

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162 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 A kathA dvArA batAvAyuM che. kathA uparAMta 16 upakathAo A paMcataMtranI badhI ja kathAo racanAkAre pote lakhelI taMtramAM Ave che. nathI paraMtu paraMparAgata rIte cAlI AvatI kathAone graMthanA pAMcamI 'aparikSitakAraka'mAM bhikSuonAM mAthAM pheDanAra prayAjanane anurUpa pheraphAra sAthe eka saLaMga sUtra bAMdhI vANaMdanI mukhya kathA che. maNibhadra nAmanA nirdhana zreSThIne lIdhI che. pAMce taMtromAM mukhya kathA uparAMta tenI piTAkathAo ghare tenA pUrva puruSoe upArjita karela padma nAme nidhi ane kayAreka peTAkathAnIya peTAkathAo Ave che. Ama graMthakAre kSapaNukanA rUpamAM Ave . zreSThIne nidhi e svapnAmAM kahyuM eka mukhyakathAno sUtra tarIke upayoga karI temAM aneka kathA hatuM tema te lAkaDAnA daMDathI kSapaNakanA mAthA para prahAra kare rUpI maNakA parevI eka suMdara mALA taiyAra karI che. A che tethI kSapaNaka suvarNamaya banI jAya che. e DI pitAne rIte kathAnI aMdara kathA (Story vi hin story)nI gUMthaNI ghare AvelA vALa da ne dhana-vastrAdi Ape che ane vAta gupta karavAmAM racanAkAre eka ucca keTinA kalAkArane kauzala rAkhavAnuM kahe che. darzAvyuM chezrI. e. bI. kIthanA zabdomAM tere can be vALa re jana vika ke ati no doubt toat the work was the producthon enAM mAthAM para daMDa - prahAra karavAthI teo suvarNa maya banI ofan artirf. (A history of sanrkrit hiterature jAya che. ! AthI te ghaNuM ghaNuM yatione pitAnA ghare A A pR 255 paMcataMtranI kathAomAM kathA bhAga spaSTa saraLa - 4 116, maMtra che ane pachI temanAM mAthAM para daDanA prahAra karavA gadyamAM ane upadeza padhamAM kahyo che. AmAMnA keTalAye lAka lAge che; AthI keTalAka ghavAya che ane keTalAka mRtyu pAme bhAratIya sAhityanA judA judA graMthamAMthI cuMTavAmAM AvyA che. rAjAnA koTavALa vALaMdane pakaDIne nyAyAlayamAM laI jAya che. paMcataMtranI vArtAnI aMdara vArtA'nI gUMthaNI ghaNI ja maNibhadrane paNa nyAyalayamAM bolAvavAmAM Ave che te sarva cittAkarSaka hoI jagata nA keTalAye sAhityakAroe tenuM anu vRtAMta nyAyAdhIza samakSa kahe che AthI nyAyAdhIza kurI. karaNa kareluM che. bhArata bahAra paMcataMtranI racanA kalAnAM je kSitakAraka vALaMdane zULIe caDAvavAnI AjJA kare che. Ama anukaraNe thayAM che temAM "arebiyana nAIsa' iTAliyana lekhaka vagara vicAryuM kArya karavAnuM kevuM kharAba pariNAma maLe che te keziyo (Bocaee,0) e lakhela "DIkemarona tathA aMgreja A kathA batAve che. kavi cesara (ehaner)nI "kerabarI Telasa" mukhya che. paMca. taMtrAkhyAyikA, dakSiNa bhAratIya paMcataMtra ane ega taMtramAM rahele. mArmika hAsya rasa ane ramatiyALa paNuM TananA punarghaTita paMcataMtra mukhya kathA tarIke brAhmaNa ane vAcaka para jAduI AkarSanI asara upajAve che. ane vAcakane noLiyo' e kathA Ave che. avicArI brAhmaNI pitAnA eka vakhata hAthamAM lIdhA pachI pUre na thAya tyAM sudhI graMtha bALakanA jIvanadAtA neLiyAne mArI nAkhe che paraMtu jyAre cheDavAnI IcchA thatI nathI. zrI. e. bI. kItha paMcataMtranA gharamAM AvI potAnA bALaka pAse nALiyAe mArI nAkhelA hAsyarasa viSe kahe che. bhayaMkara jherI sApane jue che tyAre tene pitAnA avicArI kArya mATe pazcAttApa thAya che. A taMtramAM mukhya kathA upa 'None ean mistake the delieadte seore rAMta cauda upakathAo che. of hymour of the onthor; his animals ehar m ue mith a vuaint properly of the sentimpaMcataMtranAM Ama mArA prANIkathAo ja saMgRhita nathI ents & speeches ascribed to tham" paMcataMtranA paraMtu temAM rAjanIti, AcArazAraya ane mAnava svabhAvanuM pazupakSIo duniyAdArInuM DahApaNa ane vyavahArajJAnate darzAtalasparzI vizleSaNa jovA maLe che. "paMcata mane yogya rIte veja che uparAMta mAnava svabhAvanuM UMDuM darzana paNa karAve ja biradAvatAM zrI rA. vi pAThaka lakhe cheH "paMcata trane vArtA che. A suMdara graMtha tenA racanA kALa pachI hajAro varSo no Akara graMtha kahI zakAya mAnava DahApaNane e eka adu- sudhI paNa jagatamAM sarvatra vaMcAtuM rahe ane dareka kakSAnA bhUta graMtha che. vizvasAhityanA mahAna graMthanI peThe te rAmRdhdha vAcako mAnI rahe temAM kAMI navAI nathI. che eTale ja preraka paNa che. jaTila manuSya svabhAvanAM anaMta pAsAM, chAyA, mizrachAyAnuM te nirUpaNa kare che. ane tethI paMcataMtra aneka dRSTie jagata sAhityanA mA graMthomAM te vizvasAhityanuM pustaka banyuM che. te badha pradhAna hovA jenI gaNanA thAya e graMtha che. ane zrI sAMDesarA kahe che chatAM tenI sAcI khUbI manuSya svabhAva upara te prakAza pADe tema "bhAratIya sAhityano kaI graMtha vyApaka arthamAM vizva che te che." jarmana vidvAna belphI (Benfey)nA mata pramANe, sAhityano banyA hoyate. te "paMcataMtra' che. jagatabharanI lagapaMcataMtra mULanuM svarUpa arthazAstra ke jemAM nItizAstrane bhaga 60 bhADAomAM tenAM badhA thaIne 200 karatAMye vadhAre samAveza thaI jAya che tevA prakAranuM haze, paraMtu ekaluM bhASAntaro ane rUpAMtaro thayAM che, ane emAMnI traNa-catunItizAstra zuSka lAgatAM temAM graMthakAre manahara kathAo thAMza karatAM vadhAre bhASAo te hiMda bahAranI che. pazcime umerI haze. AIsalenDathI mAMDI pUrva jAvA, bAlI ane philipAIna sudhI Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 164 jAnI duniyAnA tamAma dezanI bhASAomAM paMcataMtra eka kalIlaha va dignanuM phArasImAM bhASAntara karyuM te tathA tenA athavA bIjA svarUpe sthAna pAmeluM che. dharmagrantha nahi evA parathI hAjarI sana 380mAM thayeluM sulatAna mahamuda (gajhakaI paNa bIjA pustakane ATale pracAra ane vaMza vistAra navI)nuM pada rUpAMtara ullekhanIya che. uparAMta "hijarI sana thayAnuM udAharaNa vizvasAhityanA itihAsamAM maLavuM muzkela 51 pamAM (I. sa. 750) gIjhanInA mahemudane putra masAuda che." ("paMcataMga" saMpAdaka ane anuvAdaka be na. sAMDesarA, ane tenA putra baherAme potAnA eka vidvAna abulamAlA upodughAta pR-1) nasarUlA sastuphi pAse mULa arabI uparathI vedapAI vidyA pati ? ) nA graMthane navesarathI tarajUmo karAvyo. ane tenuM paMcataMtrane digvijaya -- nAma "kalIlAdamanA rA--" ( zAstrI prANajIvana harihara, paMcataMtranI kathAo jeTalo ja rasaprada che e kathA- paMcataMtra', pR. 15) A bhASAntara kilaSTa mulAM sena ene vizvamAM phelAvAne itihAsa, paMcataMtranA digvijayanI vAejha zAhe kAmagAra sulatAna hasenanA senApati amIra zekha kathAno prAraMbha I. a. nA chaThThA saikAnA madhyabhAgathI thAya che. ahamada urphe sahelInI IcchAnusAra tatkAlIna sahelI bhASAmAM irAnanA khuzarU nauzIravAM (I. sa. pa31thI 179) ne vidvAna eka bhASAntara karyuM ane teNe pitAnA AzrayadAtA amIranuM vaidya bujhe bhAratamAM AvI paMcataM ne graMtha utArI gayeluM nAma ciraMjIva rAkhavA graMthanuM nAma kalInAha vadisnAhane ane nauzIravAne sAdara bheTa karelI. nauzIravAe khuza thaI - sArA bheTa dhare nI nauzIravAe khaza thai badale "anavAre sahelI" rAkhyuM. Arthara ena TAsa nAmanA pitAnA maMtrI mihIrane teno pahelavI anuvAda karavA aMgreja, 'anavAre sahelInuM aMgrejI bhASAntara karyuM che. akaAjJA karI ane barkonI vinaMtIthI anuvAdanA prAraMbhamAM bare paNa abulaphasula pAse tenuM "AyAre daneza" nAme saraLa nauzIravAnuM nAma ane jIvana caritra mUkavAmAM AvyAM. A phArasI rUpAMtara karAvyuM. pahelavI anuvAda Aje prApya nathI. paraMtu I. sa.nI AThamI sAyamana saMtha nAmanA eka grIka vidvAne I.sa.nA 11 sadImAM paMcataMganA pahelavI anuvAda parathI arabI anuvAda mA saikAmAM "kalIlaha va dignahu" nuM grIka bhASAMtara karyuM tyA karanAra Ibnala mukadvaphA tathA "zAhanAmA'nA kartA phiradausIe rathI paMcataMtrane pracAra pazcimamAM zarU thAya che. tyAra pachI ApelA vRttAMte parathI tenA spaSTa ullekha maLe che. paMcataMtra Inula mujhaphaphAnA bhASAntara parathI i.sa.1100 AsapAsa nA A pahelA anuvAdane rocaka vRttAMta Ocean stories relIjeela nAmanA eka yahudIo paMcataMtra yahudI bhASAmAM vol InI prastAvanAmAM sara i. Denasane roze ApelA aladhA. utAryuM ane kApuAnA eka yahadI jene (John of Capa) bIbInA aMgrejI anuvAda parathI jANavA maLe che. Isa. 1263thI1278 vacce leTIna bhASAntara karyuM jenA parathI paMcataMga pahelavI anuvAda parathI I. sa. 750 nA enTara na phera (Anton von pforr)nAmanA eka jarmane arasAmAM Ibnala mukaphAe tene arabI bhASAmAM anuvAda Das Buch der Beispiledes alten weisen' 172 karyo tenA parathI rUDAkIe amIra namraIgna ahamada (sAmA- jarmana rUpAMtara I.sa. 1483mAM karyuM tenA parathI DenIza di0nA DamI teno kArasI anavAda karyo tyAM sudhI e AIsa lenDIka ane Daca anuvAdo thayA. i.sa. 1552mAM graMtha IrAnanA sAniyana rAjAonA kALajI pUrvakanA rakSa- venIsanA e.epha. DenIse leTIna parathI paMcataMtranuM iTAlIyana NamAM rahele. paMcatAmAM AvatA karakaTa ane damanaka parathI bhASA*tara be bhAgamAM bahAra pADayuM ane tenA pahelA bhAganuM IjhUdha makakakA e potAnA anuvAdanuM nAma" kalIha va sara thomasa nArthe i.sa.15 70mAM aMgrejI bhASAntara karyuM. dilma rAkhyuM. paMca naMganA pahelavI anuvAda parathI i. sa. Ama pahelavImAMthI thayelA sIdIyAI anuvAda (i.sa. 570) pa70nI AsapAsa e kRtine koI vidvAne jUnI sIrIyAI pachI barAbara ekahajAra varSe paMcataMtra aMgrejImAM AvyuM. bhASAmAM paNa utArI che. I. sa.nI aDhAramI sadI sudhI hiMda sAyamana senA grIka rUpAMtarane balageriyana anuvAda kaI te bahAranI bhASAonAM maLatA paMcataMtra nA bhASAntare, rUpAntaro ajJAta lekhake I.sa.nA 12mA senAmAM athavA teramA saikAmAM mukhyatve pahelavI ane arabI bhASAne AbhArI che. karyo che. pAchaLathI e thIka rUpa tarapazcima yuropamAM paNa jANI mukakakAe "kalIlanDa va dinRhamAM paMcataMganA paDa lavI ane tuM thayuM ane sALamAM sakA pachI te leTina iTAliyana ane vAdamAM na hatI evI keTalIka vArtAo arabI sAhityamAMthI jarmanImAM tene vAra vAra bhASAMtaro rUpAMtaro thayA che. i. sa. 1540 umerI. A A zarUAtanA anuvAdo parathI paMcataMtrano pracAra AsapAsa alIzelebI bena seveha nAmanA eka gahastha 20varSa eziyA, AphrikA ane yuropamAM jaI jagatanA aneka dezomAM ne ema laI paMcataMtranuM sukI bhASAntara bahAra pADayuM. e takI ye. ane te vizvano eka atilokapriya graMtha banyo. bhASAMtara parathI khyAlanda ane kATaDo e phenca bhASAntare karyA I.sa.1709mAM "kalIlahadisnehu" parathI"Les crns ilsettes che. paMcataMtranA anya eziyAI anuvAdomAM sAmAnI Maximes de pilpay philosophe audien Sur les zanA nasarabIna ahamadanI AjJAthI abula hasane arabI divers etats dela vie" evA lAMbA lacaka zIrSaka sAthe ropamAM paNa jANa ane soLamA rIkA pachI vAo arabI sADiyAM Jain Education Intemational

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164 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 tenuM phenca bhASAMtara bahAra paDayuM jenA parathI instractive e bhAratIya vAta. - sAhityanA kItikaLaza samAna che jene and entertaining taples of pilay an indlan samayanA vAyarAhaju sudhI jhAMkhe pADI zakyA nathI. philospher nAnuM aMgrajI rUpAMtara bahAra paDayuM te vAcaka ne eTaluM badhuM priya thaI paDyuM ke I.sa. 1775nI AsapAsa hitapradezaH tenI pAMca AvRttio thaI. paMcataMtranI ja eka prAcIna pATha paraMparA rajU karate bhASAMtaranI A saMkSipta kathA parathI paMcataMtranI sAva. graMtha hiteApadeza pAtAnI viziSTatAne laIne paMcataMtra karatAM trika kapriyatAno khyAla Ave che. ghaNI rIte judo tarI Ave che. hitepadezane racanAkAra nArA yaNa pitAnA AzrayadAtA tarIke mAMDalika dhavalacaMdranuM nAma Ape zrI e. e. mekaDonala sAcuM ja kahe cheH Prorably che. tema chatAM e nArAyaNa paMDita karyuM hatuM, kayAM hatA no pook except the Bible has been transloec vagere praznonA saMtoSakAraka uttara maLI zakatA nathI. hitopadezane into so many languages, eertaidly not a secular racanAkAra I. sa. AsapAsa mAnavAmAM Ave che. graMthakartAe book' kharekhara bhAratIya lekavArtAonA pUrvamAMthI pazcima- pitAnI racanAmAM paMcatatra sivAyanA anya sAdhanane paNa mAMnA sthaLAMtaranI kathA emAMnI keTalIka parikathAothI paNa vadhAre upayoga karyo che. AzcaryakAraka che. hitopadezamAM paMcataMtranI mAphaka pAMca nahi paraMtu cAra arvAcIna samayamAM mULa paMcataMtrano abhyAsa karI tenA vibhAgo che. jemanAM nAma mitralAbha, suhabheda, vigraha ane bhASAMtare, rUpAMtaro, saMvAdane ApanAra vidvAnamAM jarmana saMdhi che, paMcataMtranA bIjA taMtra mitralAbhane ahIM prathama paMDitathI DorabephI (Theodr benley)nuM "Das pan- sthAna ApavAmAM AvyuM che. prathama be taMtranA mukhya kathAo chatantra " ( 1859 ) johanIsa harTala ( Johannes paNa paMcataMtra pramANe ja che. paraMtu bAkInA be vibhAgo "saMdhi" hert nuM pas sidiche banehatantra " ( 1906 ) ane 'viraha'nI racanAmAM nArAyaNe pitAnI AgavI sUjha tathA A ja le kha ka nA Harvard orien a e dAkhavI che. jo ke nArAtaNane "vigraha ane saMdhi e nAmo series vol xl (1901) ane wis ( 115 ); ke kalIna paNa paMcataMtranA "kAkalUMkIya" taMtra parathI bhUjhayAM haze te egaTana saMpAdita punardhATita paMcataMtra (r.nehatantra spaSTa che. "kAkelkIya'nI kAgaDAnA rAjA meghavaNa ane dhUvaDenA reeonrtrueted (524) vizeSa ullekhanIya gaNI zakAya. rAjA arimardana vaccenA vigrahanI kakSAnI jagyAe nArAyaNe uparAMta I. sa. 1924mAM sTenalI rAIse (Stanley Ri- tene ja maLatI kathA "vigraha' nAmanA trIjA vibhAganI mukhya ce) paMcataMtrane muktAnuvAda karyo che. teNe keTalIka kathAo kathA rUpe ApelI che ane teja kathAne "saMdhi' nAmanA cothA TUMkAvI paNa che ane parIkathAonA kramamAM paNa pheraphAra karale paNa cAlu rAkhIne vigraha uparAMta sadhinuM paNa nirUpaNa che. chelle I. sa. 1925mAM amerikAmAM prasiddha thayele Arthara kareluM che. DabalyurAIDara (ArtOur us roder)nA anuvAdane ullekha paNa jarUrI gaNAya. A graMtha sarane pravAhI ane atyaMta hitepadezanA trIjA ane cothA vibhAga vigraha' ane rocaka aMgrejI bhASAmAM lakhAyela hoI te aMgrejI vAcakone 'saMdhi'mAM mukhyakathA tara ke kapU raDhipanA rAjA hiraNyagarbha priya graMtha banyuM che. De rAIDare gadyanuM bhASAMtara gadyamAM ane haMsa ane vizva garinA rAjA citravarNa mayUra vaccenA vigraha padyanuM bhAdhAMtara padyamAM karyuM che. ane pachI saMdhinI vArtA Ave che. paMcataMtramAM jema kAgaDAne agAu kahyA pramANe I. sa. nI aDhAramI sadI sudhI vRddha maMtrI rijIvI kAgaDAnA zatru dhUvaDa arimardanane durga paMcataMtrane phelAve mULa saMskRta parathI nahi paraMtu tenA kapaTathI bALI nAkhe che tema ahI paNa petAnA parivAra arabI - kArasI aAvAda parathI thayelA ane asala paMcataMtranA sahita maidhavaNuM nAma kAgaDo hiraNyagarbha nA darabAramAM Ave che abhyAsapUrNa anuvAdanI zarUAta 19mI sadInA prAraMbhathI ane tene vizvAsamAM laI Azcarya pamADI tene ja durga bALI thayelI. tema chatAM vidvAnonuM evuM maMtavya che ke paMcataMtranA nAkhe che. vAstavamAM te vidhyagirinA rAjA citravarNa yUrano tibeTa, malAyA, jAvA ane bAlinI bhASAomAM thayelA anu. jAsUsa hate. hitopadezane meghavarNa kAgaDe ApaNane ahIM vAdo arabI dvArA nahi para tu ekADha bhAratIya pATha paraMparA paMcataMtranA meghavarNanI yAda Ape che. Ama hitopadezanA trIjA parathI sIdhA AvelA che. in vibhAganI kathAne paMcataMtranA 'kAkalUkIya taMtranI kathA sAthe Ama hajAro varSo sudhI jagatabharanA hajAro vidvAne parokSa saMbaMdha che. paraMtu cothA vibhAga "saMdhinI kathA taddana ane kene satata AkarSaNa rUpa banI rahelA A graMthanI mahA- navI che ane te trIjA vibhAganI kathAne ja tArkika vistAra natA tenA A digvijaya parathI saheje AvI zake che paMcataMtra che. paMcataMtranA cothA taMtra "labdhapraNAza"ne hitepadezamAM sthAna Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha' vadha maLyuM nathI jyAre pAMcamA taMganIvArtAone dvitApadeza kAre potAnA prathanA prapAnane anurUpa pheraphAro graMthanA bIjA ane cothA tribhAma vikA' ane sadhi' vacce badhI nAkhI che bRhakA ane thAsiAgara. paMcataMtra ane hitopadeza mukhyatve eSa pradhAna vArtA sagA che. ane banne pradhAnA mukhya uddeza nIti zikSaNu apavAnA che. paraMtu bhAratamAM pAtAM mAtra upadeza khAtara ja kahevAmAM AvatI evuM nathI. jemAM thAtAM rasamAMthI maLatA AnaMda e ja mukhya dhyeya heAya evI vArtAe paNa bhAratamAM ghaNA prAcIna samayathI pracalita hatI. A prakAranI kayAenA prAcIna DhAmAM mukathA, kathA majathI', 'kathA ni sAgara' 'zukasaptati', 'siMhAsanabyAtri'zati,' kathAva,'mAM 'praba'dhakoSa', 'prakha'paciMtAmAjI,' caitAla pa'vizitakA, deza kumAra carata,''hu carita,' 'vAsavadattA,' 'kAdaMbarI' vagere gaNAvI zakAya. 'bRhatkathA'nI racanA I. sa.nI pahelI athavA khIjI sImAM kheMcI prAkRtamAM kavi guNADhaye karelI. A vArtA'tha bhAratIya sAhityamAM supiroDha che. te bhAratanI prAcIna lokakathAono mahAsAgara hatA. paraMtu Aje bRhatkathA ke graMtha je bhASAmAM lakhAyelA che te pauzAcI prAkRta emAM epanA patto nathI. tema chatAM aneka sthaLe AvatA A graMthanA ullekhA parathI tenA astitvane asvIkAra thaI zake tema nathI. vaLI A ja graMthanA saMskRta bhASAMtara 'bahutkathA maMjarI' ane kathA sisAgara' Aje paNa prApya che. bahu kyA viSe zrI jhaveracaMda meghANI kahe che: vArtAe rUpI nada-nadIono e vipula vAridhi Aje jagatasAhityanI ajA yatrI banyA che; enI vAtA heLA pRthvIne aneka Are tara chUTakAi che, khaDakhaDa ane deza dezAvaranI leAkravArtAonAM mULa saMzodhakone A bhArata thaInA cA samAja mAMthI jaDI AvyAM che. jagata--sahiyArI e sAhityasa`pattinuM prApti sthAna zuAyanI jananI paMcAcI bASA Dare che. Ayu nika yuganI lAkathAonI adyajananInu dAdImAnuM biruda pAmanAra e cA savisAmAra eTale guNatha- sarajI paizAcI bAlInI e cArtAonA vidyumna ratnAgAranA zatAza haze kesamAM koNa jANe ! * ? (leka sAhityanuM samAleAgyana, pR 6 7) bahukayA majI" e mULa vRkathAnA sakSipta anuyA che. tenI racanA kAzmIramAM .mendra i. sa. 1037 AsapAsa karI haze ema manAya che. bahutkathAnuM bIju vistRta "skRta rUpAMtara 'kathAsAratsAgara' nAme sAmadeva nAmanA paMDita sa. 163 ane 1081 vacce yu" dAvAnI mAnyatA samayanI rIDI rasaprada ane kADhyamaya che. paraMtu kathA 165 enI gUMthaNI gUMcavaNubharI che. A deSa kadAca mULa gRhakathA'ne laIne Avyo hovAno paNa sabava che. ghaNI jaMkhata koipaNa jAtanA saMdarbha vinA ke pasaMga vinA mAtra vArtA khAtama vArtA kahevAnI vRtti paNa jovA maLe che. vaLI mukhya kathA karatAM upakathAe eTalA meTA pramANamAM Ave che. ke mukhya kathAne rasa mAryAM jAya che. jo ke paMcataMtranI badhI ja thAonA kathAsaritsAgara'mAM samAveza karavAmAM Avyo che. chatAM paNa paMcatatramAM vartAtmAnI je kalAtmaka gUthaNI karavAmAM AvI che tenA kathAsaritsAgara '" mAM spaSTa abhAva vartAya che. samagra kathAsasAgarane aDhAra lakhadhI mathavAvibhAgo vaheMcI nAkhavAmAM Avelu che. prathama labakamAM kathAenI vistRta bhUmikA nApavAmAM AvIche. dvitIya beMkamAM kathAnAM Amukha thI mukha thI gRhakathAnA prAraMbha thAyache. ahIM vatsarAja vAsavattA vaccene prema ane khanenAM lagna-gAmavattAnuM yogadhAcatranI yuktithI vikhUTA paDavu basarAjanA pamAyatI sAthe bIjA lagna ane Akhare varAja vAsavadattAnA punarmilananI zragAra kathA Aveche. A kathA cAthA lakhakasudhI cAlu rahe che ahI" vasarAne tyAM narabAhunadattanA janmadhAya che; navAhanadatta kAmadevanA avatAra che, pAMcamAM lakama zaktivega nAmanA vidyAdhara peAtAnI kathA vatsarAjane kaheche. chaThThA lakamAM vasarAja ane ligonA nAmanI vidyAdharInA ekabIjA pratyenA AkaCNunI kathAche. ahI madyanavega nAmane vidyAdhara pAchaLathI vatsarAja nA chUpAvezamAM kali'gasenA sAthe sagAgama kareche ane liMgasenA rAga banatAM madanamajhukAnA janma thAyache. madanamanukA ritanA janma thAyache. manamA tino avatAra ane bhAvi vidyAdharanA cavatI' nI paTarANI thaze ' maLI AkAzavANI sAMbhaLI vatsarAja madanamandvAne naravAhana dattA sAthe paraNAve che, bAkInA sAtathI aDhAra labakemAM naravAhunadatta nA prema, zauya, paropakAra ane zagAranI mukhya kathA sAthe aneka upakathAe Aveche . Ama naravAhanandA nAyakanI zaMgArapradhAna kathA e A bhaDakavAnu zarIche.' 'sAgara'nA chellA la'beMkamAM vikramAditya nI kathA paNa Aveche. 'kathAsaritsAgara'mAM dha itihuAsa, purANa ane leAka sAhityano subhaga samanvaya evA mAM vadhe. zrI e.e. mekaDaeNAna le jaNAvyu che. "The kathasarit sagar throws much light on the contemparary social and religious conditionsrpevailing in india it is also impor tant in its relation to worldliteratute for leveral of i's stories reappear in the (india's past pR. 130) bhAratIya sAhityanA aneka graMthA, nuM kathA vastu 'kathAsaritsAgara'mAM raheluM che. muLa rAkSasa west.'

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166 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 mRgAvatI, nAgAnaMda, ratnAvalI, priyadazikA, kAdambarI, mAlatI- an (1855) mAM "dautAla paMcaviMzati'nA aMgrejI, phArasI, mAdhava dazakumAracarita, betAla paMcaviMzatikA, vikama caritra arabI vigere keTalIye videzI bhASAomAM thayelA anuvAdane ItyAdi gratha kathAsaritsAgara parathI racAyelA che "sAgara'mAM vRtAMta Ape che. mekaDonala kahe che tema " this work kavie dhAyuM yukta gAMbhIrya camatkRti yukata, navarasa nItiyukta eike, the panehatra has contributed many vineda ane vinadayukta purUSArtha japadarzAvavA mAM kazI kacAza stry to the world eiterature" (Gndias past pR. rAkhI nathI." (zAstrI zyAmajIvAlajI ane IcchArAma su.desAI) 130) Ama tAla-paMcaviMzati paNa bhAratIya vArtA sAhitya kathAsaritsAgara' bhAga 1 prastAvanA pR.27) kAmarIvAcanAthI ane vizva-vArtA sAhityano eka gaNanA pAtra graMtha che. ghaNI rIte judI paDatI mahatkathAnI nepAlI vAMcanA parathI 'sihAsana drAviMzatikA" ane "zaka saptati' budhAsvAmIe "bahatkathA leka saMgraha'nAme racanA karI che. bhAratIya vArtA sAhityamAM zaitALa paMcaviMzati" upavaitAla paMcaviMzati : rAMta 'siMhAsana dvAtrizaMtikA' ane 'zaka saptati" paNa prakhyAta zaitAla paMcaviMzati mAM AvatI kathAo "bahathAnA ane adbhuta rasanA vArtA sAhitya tarIke leka cAhanA meLavI somadeva ane kSemendranA rUpAMtaramAM maLI Ave che chatAM A cUkelA graMtha che. sihAsana dvitrizatikA'mAM dhArAnagarIne kathAo asalamAM bahatkathAne eka bhAga nahi paraMtu eka rAjA bheja vIra vikramanA siMhAsana para besavA jAya che tyAre svataMtra kathAkucha hovAnuM vidvAne mAne che hAlamAM zaitAla siMhAsananI batrIza putaLIomAMnI pratyeke dareka divase aTapaMcaviMzatinI zivadattanI ane jaMbhaladattanI ema be judI kAvIne kahelI batrIza vArtAo Ave che. A vArtAomAM judI vAcanAo prApya che. zivadattanI baitAla pacaviMzati' adbhuta vIra ane zaMgAra rasanI choLo UDe che. pratyeka kathA tenA mULa svarUpamAM utarI AvI hoya tema manAya che. temAM arvAcIna "rahasya kathA' (Detective story) mAphaka vAcakanI gadha sAthe padha paNa Avela che. ghaNuM karIne A racanA I.sa.na jijJAsA vArtAnA aMta sudhI TakAvI rAkhe che. kathAmAM AvatA bAramA zatakamAM haze evuM mAnavAvAmAM Ave che. rAjA bhejanA ulekha parathI A vArtAo I. sa. 1000 AsapAsa lakhAyelI haze ema mAnI zakAya. siMhAsana dvAvaitAla paMcaviMzati'mAM zabamAM bharAyelA vetAle rAjA trizatirAnAM dezI-paradezI bhASAomAM aneka bhASAMtaro thayAM vikramane pazcIsa rAtrI daramiyAna kahelI judI judI saMgAra che. I. sa. 1574mAM tenuM kArasI bhASAMtara thayeluM; A sivAya kathAo Ave che. bedAvarI taTe pratiSThAna dezamAM rAjya karatA siyAmI ane meMgeliyana bhASAMtara ' Na thayAM che. vikramasenanA putra trivikramasenane eka bhikSu maMtra sAdhanAmAM sahAya karavA vinaMtI kare che ane kALI caudazanI rAtrIe addabhuta rasanI kathAomAM "zuka saptati' tenA videzamAM dakSiNa dizAmAM sIsamanAM jhADa para laTakatA zabane smazAnamAM thayelA ati pracArane laIne ApaNA vArtA sAhityanA itihAlAvavA kahe che. rAjA zaba laIne smazAna tarapha AvatuM hoya che samAM ghaNuM ja mahattvanuM sthAna dharAve che. tyAre zabamAM bharAyele vetAla vATa khuTADavA vArtA kahe che. A rIte dararoja vetALa praznagarbha vArtA kahI rAjAne prazna kare che "zuka saptati'mAM pravAse gayelA patinI gerahAjarI ane rAjA tenA gya uttara Ape che dara rAtrIe rAjAno daramiyAna tenI yuvAna patnIne popaTa judI judI vArtAo kahI uttara maLatAM zaba uDI jatuM ane vaLate divase rAjA pharI kaI rIte kumArge jatI vALe che e vAta Ave che. haradatta tene laI siddha pAse AvavA upaDatuM. Ama 24 rAtrI sudhI nAmanA eka vepArIne mUkha putra madanasena pitAnI yuvAna banyuM. 25mI rAtrIe rAjAnA uttarothI khuza thayela zaitALa patnI sAthe premaceTA karavAmAM ja badhe samaya pasAra karatA. kaI rIte siddha rAjAnuM balidAna ApavA vicAra kare che tene potAnA putrane sudhAravA pitA tene eka pipaTa ane eka rahasya pheTa kare che pachI vaitALanI sUcanA mujaba rAjA menAnI bheTa Ape che. popaTa-menA baMne gAMdhavanA avatAra pitAna. jagyAe bhikSu balidAna Ape che. zaitALa, rAjA hoI temanI DahApaNabharI vAtathI zreSThIputra sumAge vaLe che. vighAghara samrATa banaze evuM vacana Ape che; pachI mahezvara ane sadguNI bane che. vaLI zreSThIputra jyAre musApharIe jAya paNa pragaTa thAya che ane vikramane AzirvAda ane aSTa siddhi che tyAre pitAnI yuvAna dArAne sAcavavAnI javAbadArI te dAyaka aparAjita khaDaga ApI aMtardhAna thAya che. popaTa ane menAne soMpI jAya che. zreSThI-patnI, pati vira hamAM thoDA vakhata duHkhI rahe che; paraMtu pachIthI te anyamAM dautAla paMcaviMzatinI atyaMta kapriyatAne kAraNe Asakata bane che. AthI menA tene evuM karavAnI salAha ghaNI prAdezika * * * *ii bhASAomAM prAcIna samayathI ja Ape che. gusse thayelI zreSThI patnI menAne Doka maraDI nAkha tenAM bhASAntara rUpatarA thatAM AvyAM che. triasane temanA vAnI dhamakI Ape che. catura popaTa paristhiti pAmI jaI The modcm vernacular Literauge of hindust- kahe che ke je zreSThI-patnI paNa guNa zAlinInI mAphaka yukti Jain Education Intemational

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smRti sadabha praca guNa bAja banI zake tA tenu kA* yeAgya ja che. khAthI zreSThI patnInI jijJAsA karAya che ane te popaTane zAlinI vArtA karavA karyuM che. popaTa Ama eka pachI eka vArtA kahetA jAya che ane zreSThI patnI rasapUrvaka vArtA sAMbhaLatI rahe che. daramiyAnamAM zreSThI-putra musAphaprakAranI rIthI pAchA AvI ya che. Ama popsanI cAlAkIthI zreSThI patnInu zIla sacavAI rahe che. popaTe kahelI vArtAmAM moTA bhAganI ghagAra kALo che. keTalIkavAra kautuka pRththu banAva bikaTa paristhiti ke muzkeDI bharyAM nirNaya levAnI vAta paNa Ave che. A prakAranA lokamukhe ramatA AvelA sAhityanI bAba tamAMmezAM banatuM AvyuM che. tema zuSka saptatinA khasala svarUpamAM the!DA ghaNA pheraphAro thayA haze. Aje tenAM keTalAMye pAThAMtarA, rUpAMtaro, anuvAdA, keTalIye bhAratIya ane videzI bhASAomAM maLI Ave che. uparAMta paMcataMtra' jevA anya vArtA kathAnA keTalAye le ane sUtro paNa temAM maLI Ave che. jo ke zukra saptatinA racanAkAra ke racanAkAra viSe kai cokkasa mAhitI maLatI nathI paraMtu caudamI sadInI zarUAtamAM 'tUtinAmeDa' evA nAmathI 'zuka saptati OM pIyana bhASA-tara thayela ane e bhASAntara kilaSTa hAI phArasI kavio hAphIjha ane sADInA samakAlIna nAbI (Naehlhaei)e tenuM suMdara kAvya-rUpAMtara kareluM che. kRtinameha' mAraphata 'zuka ti pazcima maziyAmAM thai surA 5mAM ane tyAMthI jagatanA anya dezamAM paNa phelAI. vaLI ardha lekhaka maDI je I. sa. 56mAM maLyu pAmyA teNe evuM jaNAvyuM che ke jaga vikhyAta 'siMdabAdanI sahasadhArA'nA bhaya bhAratamAM thayo che. ane nAnA mane zaka sAti ane vivAdanI kAyAne gADha sabaMdha che A kathAo je graMthamAM Ave che te phArasI thAya saha 'hajhAra asAnA' jenuM alpha layala va layala' name athI rUpAMtara thayelu ane pAchaLathI aMgrejI rUpAMtara pALela 'Arlian nights' Entertainment. * je Aje arabiyana nAITrarAthI vivikhyAta banyuM che tenA para paNa bhAretanA vArtA prathAnI uMDI asara vartAya che. mekaDonalanA mata pramANe: there ean be no lo'det that the arab tan Nights are the result gudean influene. All the the main elements of its framework are derived from endian ideas and a earge numeer of stories ane of indian origin.' Ama prAcIna bhAratIya vArtA sAhityanI vyApaka ane nI asara aziyA ane yuropanA vArtA- sAhitya para paDI che. 17 zAhiya vAmInA hArdha lakhAyelI vArtAo; I. sa. nA chaThThA saikAnI AsapAsa bhAnamAM sAhityakAcane hAthe vArtAo lakhAvAnI zarUAta thai gayelI A A kathAo zailI svarUpa bhASAlAlitya vagere die ucca sAhityaka guNo dharAvatI hatI. parimArjita bhASA, lakAronI pracurattA ane temAM AvatA kALaya varNanAne laI ne A kathAnI gaNanA ArikAe kathA athavA AkhyAyikA mAM hiM paraMtu kAvya mAM karI che. jo ke AmAMnI ghaNIkharI kathAnuM vastu bhAratanI lokakathAomAMthI ja AvyuM ke tema chatAM racanA kauzalanI die A kathAo ucca sAhityika suA dharAve che jyAre ghaNI vakhata aneizaya lAMbhA samAsAne laIne graMthanI bhASA kliSTa banI jAyache tethI mukhyatve gadyamAM ja lakhAyelI hAvA chatAM AvI kathAonu I. sa. nA DA. zaikAnI AsapAsa lakhAyeluM' nuM dazakumAra vAcana kayAreka duHsahu paNa banI jAya che A prakAranI zani I. sa. 600 nI AsapAsa lakhAyelI mubadhunI cAsavaDanAM pAbu likhita 'kAdambarI' ane kraya kti vagere AMpaNA vArtA sAhityanA viziSTa chApa upasAvatA graMthAche bhAratIya vArtA sAhityamAM zempU nAmanA eka khAsa paNa prayAga kathA prakAra pracalita banele temAM gadya sAthepaghane karavAmAM AvatA A prakAranI kathASAmAM trivikrama bhaTTa lakhelI naLacampu athavA DhamayanI kathA" khAsa ullekha mAgI le che. trivikraNa bhaTTa i. sa. 915mAM rASTrakUTanA Indra rAjA gIta viSe lakhelA eka zilAlekha para teno kALa nizcita thaI zake che. vaLI teNe madAlasA caTM nAme eka bIjI racanA karyAnA ullekhA paNa maLe che. nItakathAono upayoga bhAratamAM khudA judA dharmanA lokoe potapotAnA dharmanA siddhAMtAnA pracAra ane pratipAna arthe pa karyo che. Ama jaina, buddha, vaiSNuva vagere ghaNA saMpradAyAnA sAhityamAM vAnAM sAhitya upalabdha che. A prakAranI kathAmAM jaina siMhAthanA * upamiti' cakanA viSaSThi zalAkA puruSa cita kumAralAnuM sUkbala kAra ane bauddha avadAna zaka' vagere gaNAvI zakAya. k bhAratanI aneka bhASAomAM phelAyelA ApaNA vAtAM khajAnAmAM tattvajJAna dhama, jJAna vairAgya nyAya, sAhasa, zauya ane premanA sadeza ApatAM aneka vArtA ratno bharyAM paDyAM che. bhAratanA A khajAnA tenI vipulatA, vividhatA, vyApakatA ane prAcInatAne lIdhe ApaNA mahAna sAMskRtika vArasAne mATe gausvarUpa banyA che.

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168 mahiyAne bhUmikA mATe jAstAka amitA bhASa-2 phena : 24970 che grAma : DISTCOBANK * 27176 dhI rAjakeTa lisTikaTa ke-opareTIva benka limiTeDa pahele mALe, sahakAra bhavana, DhebarabhAI reDa, rAjakeTa benkanI nANAMkIya paristhiti lAkhamAM kAmakAjanI 30 - 6-73. siMdhana zarU etimAM nA roja aAMkaDA 1 zerabhaMDoLa 18,08 180,38 dazagaNe vadhAre 2 thApaNe 7,20 5 36,96 sADA sAtagaNo vadhAro 3 2:kANuM 8 7pa 143 56 satagaNe vadhAro 4 dhIrANu 84, 86 1403,46 sataragaNuM vadhAre 5 zAkhAnI saMkhyA 9 29 jIllA kakSAe utpAdananA kSetre benka mahatvano bhAga bhajavela che je uparanA AMkaDA uparathI joI zakAze. grAmya vistAronA thApaNadArone vadhune vadhu sagavaDa prApta thAya te daSTie benke tenI zAkhAo vadhune vadhu gAmaDAmAM khovAne nirNaya karela che ane benkanI thApaNamAM zarUAtanAM varSa karatAM Aje sADAsAta gaga vadhAre thayela che. A benka TasTa temaja anya mAnya saMsthAone meTI rakama upara vadhu vyAja Ape che. vadhu vigata mATe mukhya kacerI ane benkanI 37 zAkhAo paikI keIpaNane saMparka sAdhe - A rahyA AkarSaka vyAjanA dara 1 ekathI be mAsa mATe 4 TakA 5 eka varSa mATe 2 traNa mAsa mATe - pa TakA 6 be varSa mATe 3 cha mAsa mATe 7 traNa varSa mATe 4 nava mAsa mATe 8 cAra varSa mATe 9 pAMca varSa mATe 8 TakA mAkaDarAya na. trivedI vallabhabhAI pa. paTela menejara. ceramena, Part witnestine mAtA sAcAdeva zrI sumatinAthAya name namaH yAtrika-bhAI-benone namra vinaMtI mahApavitra siddhakSetra pAlItANAmAM zrI bAbu mAdhavalAla ApanA kiMmatI dAgInAnI zobhA vadhAravA mATe rIkhavacaMda dugaDa jaina dharmazALA temaja daherAsarajI Avela che. amArA dipaka kolITInAM Dabala kaTIMga, Dabala pAlIsanA jemAM mahA pAvanakArI sAcAdeva zrI sumatinAtha bhagavAna raMgunI DAyamanDa vAparavAno ja Agraha rAkhaze. birAjamAna che. 1 zaheramAM koIpaNa derAsarajImAM pUjA karavA mATe pANInI amAre tyAM sAcA maMgaLanA naMga, ghanameTalanA naMga. nhAvAnI sagavaDatA nathI tema jANatAM amee dareka yAMtrika kalacara motI, sAcA motI, dareka grahonA sAcA naMga temaja bhAI-blene mATe pANInI nhAvAnI sagavaDatA zarU karela che. sAthesAtha pUjA sArU kapaDAMnI vyavasthA rAkhela che. nhAvA ImITezana vIMchInA dareka kolITIna naMge vyAjabI bhAve e sArU temaja pUjA mATe nhAvAne temaja pUjA karavAno samaya:maLaze." savAranA 8 thI baporanA 12 sudhI 2 sAcAdeva zrI sumatinAtha bhagavAnanI pUjAne alabhya lAbha maLaze. 3 bahene mATe pUjA sa rU nhAvAnI sagavaDatA alaga with the Best Compliments of rUmamAM rAkhavAmAM Avela che. KUMAR DIAMOND Co., 4 dharmazALA jIrNoddhAra temaja daherAsarajI jIrNoddhAra No. 1 HANOMANT ROYAN Kovil Street khAtAmAM dareka yAtrike e madada ApavA namra araja che.. khAtAnI pAkI pahAMca levA vinaMtI che. li. vyavasthApake, (Near SOWCARPET) bAbu mAdhavalAla rAkhavacaMda dugaDa MADRAS 600003 jena dharmazALA ane daherAsara che. The. talATI roDa, pAlItANu (sau.) tA. kaH-saMsthA drasTa naMbara e 1013 bhAvanagara tA. 18-3-1966 rajIsTarDa thaela che. Jain Education Intemational

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jaMbadrIpano prAcIna bhAratIya sAhityamAM ullekha prA. caMdrikA vAsudeva pAThaka jIjJAsA mUlaka anveSaNa" e te jIvamAtranI sAha- maLatI neMdha anusAra hAlanA pradezonI sAthe meLa jika pravRtti che. vAsko-da-gAmA jevAe A pRthvInA prade- meLavatAM A sAta dvIpane samajAvavAnA yatna thayA che. zenI bhALa meLavI; ne tevI ja jIjJAsAthI caMdraleka ke karI te sumAtrA che. vAvI te jAvA che. mAhIra te maMgaLanI yAtrAnAM Ayojana thayAM. temanI bhUgoLa jANavAnA malAyA che. saDattAtrA te beni che. bharAvI te AphrikA yatna thayAM; AvA yatnomAM saphaLatA maLe te saubhAgya ane che. vArAhI te maDAgAskara che. gadhrA te osTreliyA na maLe te nirAzA te nahi ja, parApUrvathI cAlI AvatI che. ane gama guvAra te eziyA che. ema keTalAka sUcave che. A pravRttie keTalIka vigate ApI che. vividha pradeza zedhAyA che ke purANomAM ane anyatra maLatA sAtadvIpanA nidezamAM ane noMdhAyA. kAlakame temAMnA koika lupta paNa thayA ane upara darzAvelA badhAM ja nAma maLatA nathI. keIka nAma badakaIka visarAyA pariNAme Aje je nAma ane rUpathI pragbI lAyelAM che. viSNupurA gane AdhAre kahIe to temAM ( anya nA vividha pradezane je rIte ApaNe oLakhIe chIe tenA purANAnI jema ja ) pArAzare kahyuM che ke he brija, pRthvI mULa nAma ane vistAra ajJAta lAge che. ane je jJAta che sAta dvIpanI banelI che. jaMbu, palakSa, kuza, AmalI, kauca, te paNa AjanA nAma vagere sAthe meLamAM lAgatAM nathI. jammu- zeku ane puSkara. AmAM jabudvIpa badhAnI madhyamAM che. lagadvipa paratve AvI ja muzkelI pravarte che. bhaga pAMca lAkhanI glaeNka saMkhyA dharAvatA aDhAre purANene jatAM temanA viSaya vastunI dRSTie te badhA ja mULa kaI zubha karmanA AraMbhe ke nityA nuSThAna veLAe saMkalpa eka ja purANanA AdhAre racAyAM haze ema lAge che. F. E. HAR Hd #saat 2106 YBR ulei 9. 38" taru pargiter - Aneient gndian histiorieae travaLa fasrH zrImad maLavA mag guhya vihaLeA rAnnayA dition (oxford 1522 P. 326)mAM kahe che ke A upapravartamAnA...............navIne mArata varSe mAtAne jIvya baneluM maLa purANa I. sa. pU. sAtamI sadImAM racAyuM mANafettanAta rajJA varta re kathAmAran[ nAna haze. bhAratamAM tenA AdhAre racAyelAM badhA purAe tenA ze................gjhanama vAra che ! " ema niSThApUrvaka pramANe ja bhAratanAM sthaLe ane tenI najIkanA pradezanAM bolanArane kayAreka to jIjJAsA jAge ja ke je jambudvIpamAM vaNa ne ApyAM che. pita rahyo che, te kaye vistAra che, ane pRthvItala upara kyAM Ave che? pUjana vidhimAM ja kalazanI pUja vakhate - | navarAtrI zabdamAM Avate karavuM zabda aneka arthamAM vaparAya che. ane tenA AdhAre, A pradezanI vizeSatA vagere phArU mukhe vibhuH......... tAravavAnA yatno thayA che. ( sq zabdano artha A JeckukSautu sAgarAH sarve saptabdIpA dasundharA // kal ke A low man eve che. e parathI A pradezanA e stuti zabdomAM pRthvIne sAtadvIpa vALI paNa teNe lekenI prakRti AvI hatI. ema sU vavA mATe anumAna thayAM che. jo ke tene kaI pramANuno AdhAra nathI; ulaTuM sAMbhaLI che. jambudvIpa, A sAta dvIpamAM ja eka haze ke anya ? e prazna paNa tene sahaja ja thAya che. viruddhanAM pramANe maLe che. naQ (11) The rose app le and. its fruits evo artha joIne AvA phaLanuM ahIM je rIte, bhAratIya paraMparAe noMdhyuM che, te ja rIte prAcurya haze, ema paNa sUcavAyuM che. A badhA artha karatAM avastAnA sAhitya paNa pRthvInA sAta bhAga sUcavyA che. karavuM eTale jAMbunuM vRkSa ane tenAM phaLa evo artha javuMhapta (sapta) ke zvara jamIna (jamInanA bhAga) evA tyAM karInA saMdarbhamAM vadhu pracalita che. jema kakSa (pIpaLA)nA nirdeza maLe che. zakya che ke AryAvartana A baMne sthAnanI jhADa jyAM vadhu che te vastrahma cjhana kahevAya che. tema jAMbunAM prajA te samayanI pRthvInA AvA sAta bhAgathI paricita haze. jhADa vizeSa hovAthI A pradeza jabudvIpa kahevAya che. A badhA A sAtadvIpa (Continents)thI pRthvI banI che. ane tenA ja arthaghaTana vastutastu anumAna vizeSa che. kendramAM rahela jambudvIpamAM meruparvata kendra sthAne che. pre. ApTe e nang athavA squo; zabda samajAvatAM kahyuM Adi kAvya manAtA vAlmIki rAmAyaNanA kiSkinyA che ke gf ls the name of one of the seven con- kAMDamAM (sarga-40thI49mAM) maLatA varNanamAM jaMbudvIpano paNa tinents, surrou nding the mountain meru. nideza che. varNana che **********. . Jain Education Intemational

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170 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 tatra vojana vistAra ucchUita dazayojanam / . yAnA vividha pradezo paricita hatA, ema lAge che, veda, zaMga saumanasa nAma jAta rupamayaM vam // 57 / / brAhmaNa sAhitya uparAMta (purANo, rAmAyaNa ane mahAbhArata) tatra pUrva pade kRtvA purA viSNustrivika me / . mAM nirdezAtA asuro te asirayana leke hatA. A uparAMta dvitIya zikhare gezeH cakAra puruSottam // 59 // pazcima eziyAnA aneka moTAM zahere temane mULa nAmathI ke uttareNa parikramya jambUbdoSa divAkaraH / badalAyelA nAmathI paricita hatAM jemake suar (susa) ninedRshyaa bhavati bhUyiSTha zikharaM tanmahAccha pam // 59 // (nineven or in u3) vagere ... tatra khAnaseA nAma dAlakhilayA maharSayaH / prakAzamAnA dRzyante sUrya varNastapasvinaH // 60 // ( purANomAMthI koI ekAda savizeSa saMdarbha laIne suva nA 4H je kahyuM kArase che ......... jaMbudvIpanuM vigate varNana joIe te paNa (badhA purANanuM rAmAyaNanA A nideza parathI ema lAge che ke, buddha mULa eka hAvAthI) samaya purANuM sAhityamAM jabudvIpane aMdAja pahelAMnA bhAratIyo paNa madhya eziyAnI bALathI paricita maLI zake tema che. haze. sugrIve, himAlayanI uttare AvelA deze, parvato ane mA purAnA 46mA adhyAyamAM jambudvIpanuM nadIonAM varNana karyA che. ovus e nadI purANamAM viSNu purANu vagerenAM akSa nadI tarIke darzAvAI che. varNana che kroka e muni mAkaDecane pUchayuM ke - jainanA kAlaleka prakAza pheka prakAza) jevA graMthamAM taTI jaar a gvaMta jAta roga paNa jabudvIpanA nideze jovA maLe che. vizeSataH te purANa ta ra sALi taig 7dAzcA pUre che. je che! sAhityamAM tenA ulekha jovA maLe che. bhaha bhUta pramANa ca lokA loka tathaiA ca / pAsa parimANa ca gati canda kAradhi / / 2 / / aneka sthaLe ullekhAyelA A dvIpanA vistAra vagere etada prabUhi me sarva vistareNa mahAnune // 3 // paratve bhAre matabheda che. keTalAka mujaba, samagra yuropa ane eziyA temAM samAviSTa che. keTalAka tenA vistArane eziyA A praznonA javAbamAM mArkaMDeya munie jaNAvyuM ke -- khaMDa jeTale ja sUcave che eziyAnA nakazAne purANomAM AvatA jambudvIpanA varNana sAthe sarakhAvatAM evuM sUcana zatAdha kATi vistArA pRthivI kRlsa zo dija / jarUra maLe ke meru parvata e atyAre oLakhAtA pAmIra tasyAH saMsthAnamakhila kathayAmi zaNuSva dyat // 4 // (pamir kno1) sAthe barAbara maLate Ave che A merunI ye te dIpA mayA proktA jambudadIpAdayo dija / pazcima pAMkha evA mAnasenane ApaNe hiMdukuza parvata pugkarAntA mahAbhAga dapeSAM vistara punaH // 5 // (sinua? e Zagros) tarIke batAvI zakIe A parvata dIpAta diguNo vdIpA jambu plakSIutha shaalmliH| HII 41722 sur 4 incciarrencar ea ) purA: zaaH tathA sAra: purI rU 2 6 vistarela che. ane aphaghAnistAna, balucistAna, irAna ane lavaNekSu surA didhikSIra jalAdhibhiH / irAkamAMthI pasAra thAya che IrAna ane IrAkanI sImAo farm 4 terr jaI taH gha TatA: ! 7 para A eziyAI parvatamALA arabI samudranI pAse .............. meru parvatanI pUrve Avela mahendra A AkhI pRthvI pacAsa karoDa ejanana vistAravALI parvatanI Toce indranuM 5 vera ane suvamaya hU tAra sa, rA che................temAMnA jammu, lakSa, zAmali, kuza, krauMca, nAmanuM zahera che. ..............merunI dakSiNe AvelA mAnasa zAka ane puSkara e sAta dvIpa kramazaH pUrvanA karatAM pachInA parvotanI pAchaLa potAnA saMghamanA nAmanA zaheramAM yamadeva bamaNa vistAra vALA che. lavaNa, IkSa, surA, dhRta, dahI: dadhu rahe che..............cadradevanI nagarI ArI mAnasa (sughArja) ane samudadvArA bamaNA bhAvathI te gherAyelA che. ane pachI (lu lAgu parvatanI upara merunI uttare Avela che. merunI pazcime Avela A mAnasettara parvatanA cheDe varuNanI rAjadhAnI suvA nAmanI nagarI che -evo maratya purANe nirdeza karyo che. vAyu dAtrI : TakA ghaadhe UMghame ! purANa (3 - 34) viSNu purANuM ane anya purANamAM AvAM lakSaneka yojanAnAM vRto vistAra yaudaryataH // 8 // ja vaNa ne che. himavAn helakUTazca niSadho bherureva ca / nola: zvataH tathA saMgo sapta varSa parvatAH // 9 // A badhAnA AdhAre AgaLa nirdezya tema, buddhanA dvilakSa yojanA yAmI madhye tatra mahAcalau / samaya pUrve (I. sa. pU. chaThThI sadI) bhAratIya lokone ezi- tayodakSiNato tupaulathettarato girii| 10 // che., Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 171 daranA nirar rau: haste rAma (zIkhara parathI) paDe che. tenA rasathI utpanna thatI nadI "jammudvishsaa cachAyAH saveM tA distAriNazcate // 11 // nadI" kahevAya che. te nadImAMthI ja jAkhunada nAme suvarNa samudrAntaH praviS: zca SaDUsmita varSa parvatAH / (azvaghoSe buddhacaritamAM suvarNa mATe A zabda vAparyo che.) 'dakSiNottarato nimmA madhye tudduu-|| yathA kSini / / 12 / / pedA thAya che. sumeru parvatanI comera pradakSiNA karatI A veghadhye dakSiNe trINi trINi varSANi cottre| nadI te ja jAMbunA vRkSa nIce vahe che. tyAMnA nivAsIo 'dalAvRtta tayo madhye candrArdhAphAravatsthitam / / 13 / / tenuM ja pANI pIe che. tataH pUrveNa bhadrAzya ketumAla ca pazcame / bhaddAzvamAM azvazirA, bhAratamAM kumakuti, ketumAlamAM ilAvRmasya madhye tu meMruH kanaka parvataH // 14 // varAha, ane uttaramAM matsya svarUpamAM bhagavAna nArAyaNa pratijaMbudvIpa vistAra, dIrdhatA ane vyAsamAM eka lAkha SThita che. A cAre parvatemAM nakSatra ane RSisthita che. A jana che. himavAna hemakUTa, aSabha, meru, nIla veta ane nakSatranuM AvAgamana ane graha-nakSatronuM zreSTha ke nikRSTa phaLa zRMgI e tenA sAta parvata che. madhyamAM be lAkha jana paNa thatuM rahe che. vistAravALA be mahAna parvata che. temanI dakSiNe ane uttare be be rvata che. te paraspara dasa dasa hajAra ochI saMkhyAche. te paraspara dasa dasa stara ochI saMkhyA. A purANuM ! 47mA adhyAya ! 5nA vana vALA che. ane bIjA parvate be hajAra yojana UMcA ane pavata vAra gaNAva. ..kaDe kahyuM che ke, teTalA ja vistAra vALA che. tenA madhya samudramAM varSa parvata che. A bhUmi uttara ane dakSiNa tarapha nIcI che. ane madhyamAM - mandarAdi parvatemAM cAra vana ane sarovara che. parvamAM uMcI ane vistRta che. uttara ane dakSiNamAM traNa traNa varSa pautraratha, dakSiNamAM nandana, pazcimamAM brAja ane uttare sAvitra che. A baMnenI vacce halAvRtta varSa ardha caMdranA AkAre nAme vana che, A sumerunI pUrvamAM abheda, dakSiNe mAnasa, Avela che. tenI parvamAM bhadAzva ane pazcime ketamAla che. A pazcime zItAda ane utare mahAbha nAme sarovara che. aMdaranI A IlAvRttanI vacce ja sumeru parvata che. pUrva zItA cakamuMja, kulara sukaMkavAna, maNizaila, vRSavAna, mahAnalI, bhavAcala, bindu, veNu, nAmaru, niSadha, devazailA ka 15thI meru parvatanuM varNana karatAM kahyuM ke A nAme parvate che. trikUTa, zikhara, kaliMga, pataMgaka, rucaka; mahAparvatanI uMcAI 84000 che ane seLa hajAra yojana sAnumAma, tAmraka, vizAkhavAna, dara, samUla, vasudhAra, pRthvImAM ghUsele che. ane tyAMthI seLa hajAra ejananA vistA- ratnavAna, ekazRMga, mahAzaila, pipAThaka paMcazaila, kailAsa ane vALe che. tenA zIkhara batrIsa hajAra jana pahoLA che. himavAna e badhA mahApava to sumerunI dakSiNe AvelA che. parva dizAmAM vetavarNane, dakSiNamAM pILa, pazcime nIle surAjA, zizirAjA, vairya, piMgala, ji2, mahAbha, surata, ane uttare lAla raMgano che. tenI dizAmAM pUvAdikarma kapila, madhu, ajana, kukakuTa, kRSNa, pADura; sahastra zikhara, vAhamaNa, kSatriya, vaizya ane zuddha rahe che. dizAonA A ja pariyAtra, ane zregavAna e pavaMte sumeru ane viSka bhakanI samAM indrAdi lokapAla che. madhyamAM 14000 yajananA vistA- pazcime bahAranA bhAgamAM che. tenI uttara dizAe zaMkhakUTa, tALI brahmAnI sabhA zobhe che. tenI nIce pUrvAdi dizAomAM vRSabha, haMsanAma, kapilendra, sAnumAna, nIla, svarNacaMgI, sapta0000 ejana uMcA cAra viSka bhaka parvata che. temanAM nAma aMgI puSaka, meghaparvata; virabhakSa, varahAdi, mayUra. ane bharadhi dAra, gaMdhamAdana, vipula ane supArva che. A cAre parvata parvate che A parvatanI guphAo khUba ramaNIya che. kramazaH kadaMba, jAMbu, pIpala ane vaDanAM jhADa, ketu dhajA) jema che. A parvata 11000 ejana parimANane che. tenI A badhA ja parvate vana ane nirmala jala pUrNa na Avela jaThara ane devakUTa parvata paraspara nIla ane sarovarathI suzobhita che. A parama puNya sthaLamAM puNyAtmA dha sudhI vyApela che merumAMnI pazcima bAjue niSadha ane ja janme che. A badhAMya sthAne svaga karatAMya guNagAna yAma che. pUrva dizAnI jema te paNa nIlathI niSadha sudhI "jana ghaf pRthvI paranAM svarga evAM nAme prasiddha che. ahIM karela che. dakSiNamAM kalAsa ane himavAna nAme mahAparvate apUrva pApa ke puNyane saMcaya thato nathI. A badhA parvatano A pava te pUrva zcima tarapha labAIne samudramAM pavezelA upaga devA mATe paNa puNyabhaga rUpa che. ahIM vidyAdhara yakSa uttaramAM aMgavAna ane jAdhi che. te paNa dakSiNa dizAnI kinnara, uraga, rAkSasa devatA gAMdharvone ati suMdara nivAsa che samudra sudhI vyApta che. Ama A AThe prarvate A bhUmi ati puNyarUpA suramya che. devedyAna ane manerama para che. himAvAna ane hemakUTa paraspara sarakhA che te nava- sarovara yukta che. ahIMne pavana saghaLI RtumAM sukhadAyI che. ahIM jana sudhI vistarela che. A badhA parvate merunI mAnavasAM kayAreya dehabhAva nathI te tethI Ane huM kAju ane IlAvRttanI madhyamAM che. agsutra thaM ja kahuM chuM bhadvAdha ane bhArata vagere tenI madhamAdana parvata parathI gajadeha jevA jAMbunA phaLa tarapha AvelA cAra patro che ane dakSiNa dizAmAM Avela patra Jain Education Intemational

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172 te bhAratavarSI che, karmabhUmi che. bIjA koI sthAnamAM pApapuNya nI dhabdhi nathI anya nivAse karatAM bhArata varSoM ne ja zreSTha mAnyuM che. kabhUmi heAvAnA kAraNe ja AnAthI mAnavA ne svarga meAkSa manuSyayeAni. khagayeAni ke anyAnyayeAni prApta thAya che. (kropsuki brahmaNe 49mA adhyAyamAM A bhArata varSa vibhAga paratvenI vigatane prazna pUchyA tyAre bhArata varSanA navabheda khatAvIne tenuM savistara varNana karyuM che. ane bhArata ne sAgarathIgherAyela me dvIpa kahyo che.) viSNupurALanA bIjA aMzamAM pRthvI varNana che. temAM parAzare maitreyana pratyuttaramAM A varNana kahyuM che. bIjA, trIghna ane ceAthA adhyAya (AraMbhe mAtra)mAM jambudvIpanuM vistArathI varNana che. ane te anya purANA jevu ja che. ceAthA adhyA canA bAkInA bhAgamAM bIjA badhA ja dvIpanuM vaNa na che. plakSa nAmanA vRkSa parathI jakSI tarIke jANItA thayelA dvIpa jambudvIpa karatAM amaNeA (2 lAkha yeAjana) batAvAyA che. tenA svAmI meghAtithi che. 1thI20 zlAkamAM tenuM vaNu na karIne vaputmAna jene adhipati che; tevA zammara nuM varNana 21 thI 33 kSeAkamAM karyu che. 33thI45mAM yuropa 46 thI 57mAM lArIva pathI72mAM jJAyaropa ane 72thI81mAM puttara 1nu varNana che. A puSkara dvIpamAM leAkeAne vinA prayatna Sasa bhAjana maLe che. (493) temAM 10000 ceAjanavALA leAkAlAka pata che tenAthI AgaLa A parvatane gherIne adhakAra rahela che. ane te aMdhakArane paNa prahmAnu chUTArU gherIne rahe che. A aDakaTAha sahita dvIpa, samudra, parvatAdithI / yukta pRthvInA vistAra 50 karoDa yAjana che. AkAza vagere badhA bhUtAthI vizeSa guNavALI A pRthvI vidyutI AzrayA ane tenuM pAlana tathA utpatti karanAra che. a 4 4thI 68) pAMcamA adhyAyamAM prathama blekamAM pRthvInI uMcAI 17 hajAra yeAjana darzAvI che. viSNu purANanA 4thA adhyAyanA 81 mA zrlAka pachI kahyuM che. tema pRthvI paranA dvIpe| ane temane vIMTIne rahelA sAgare paraspara samAna parimANavALA ane uttarAttara bamaNA pi mANavALA che. badhA sAgaromAM pANI sarakhu ja rahe che. vadhatuMya nathI ke ghaTatu' ya nathI. Aja purANamAM pArAzare umeyu che ke A sAta dvIpanI madhyamAM jambudvIpa che ane jambudvIpanI madhyamAM suvaNa pata meru che merunI dakSiNe himAlaya, hemakUTa ane niSAdha pa tA che. tenI uttare sImA padegtA nIla, zveta ane zrRMga che. merunI barAbara dakSiNe prathama deza te bhArata che. merunI uttare, ramyaka che ane ramyakanI pachI hiraNmaya che. himayanI uttare uttarakuru che. A batAve che ke meru bhAratanI uttare che ane RsimAlayanI pAra che. saskRta sAhityanA anya saMdarbhonI dRSTie paNa utarakurune pradeza himAlayanI uttare che. Ama uttarakuru e madhya eziyAnA pradesa che, ane merunI uttare che. sAgara tIre ane himAlayanI dakSiNe rahela bhAratanA parvatAdinA paNa tyAM nirdeza thayeA che. sAta mukhya parvata tarIke Jain Education Intemational. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA jAma-2 (1) mahendra (pUrva ghATa) (2) malaya (pazcima ghATanA dakSiNa bhAga) (3) sahyAdri (pazcima ghATa) suktimata. (4 (5) rukSa (sAta puDA) (6) vidhna (7) pAriyAtra (aravallI)ne nirdezyA che. rAju (satalaja) cadramALa (cInAba) vagede himAlayanIkaLatI nadIe che, ceskRti (beTavA) ane bIjI vindhyamAMthI nIkaLe che. tApI (tApti) vayeAdaLI (pUrNA, vagere rukSa nAme parvatamAMthI nIkaLe che, potAvarI nImarathI (bhImA) ku.daLa yeLI ( kRSNA ) Adi sAmiAMthI nIkaLe che. mAMthI nadIe ff devIbhAgavata purANanAra1mA (svAyaMbhuvadvArAprajotpatti) adhyAyanA 9mA zleAkathI kahyu che tema, (prayavrata nAmanA samagra pRthvInuM zAsana karatA (11 arju 6 varSa sudhI rAjavIe pRthvInA prathama bhAga para thatA sUryanA udayathI prakAza ane bIjAbhaga para javAthI aMdhakAra thatA joyA teNe vicAryuM ke mArA zAsana daramyAna pRthvImAM aMdhakAra na rahevA joIe huM tene mArA yeAgabaLathI rekIza. Ama vicArIne teNe peAtAnA sUrya samAna tejasvI ratha para besIne pRthvIne prakAzita karatAM karatAM pRthvInI sAta parikramA karI parikramA karatI vakhate rathanA paiDAMthI pathvI para je gherI rekhAe banI te ja loka hitArthe sAta samudra thayA tyArathI pRthvI sAta bhAgamAM vaheM'cAyelI che. ane rathathI sAta samudrAnI piradhI banela che. ATalA nirdeza pachI temAM sAte dIpanA nAma ane piramANu ApyAMche. ja bundIpanA nAbhisthAna para AvelA ilAvrata nAmanA varSa (bhaga)mAM cAra anya va paNa che A ilAvRttane madhyava paNa kaheche temAM eka lAkhayeAjana vistRta sumeru paryaMtache. A parvata ja goLAkAra pRthvI rUpI padmanA bIjakaNuMche. tenA zikharanA vistAra 32000 yAjanA che tenI uttare nIla zveta ane zRgavAna paryAM che; dakSiNe niSadha hemakUTa ane himAlayache hariva kimpurUSavaSa ane bhAratavaSa A traNa dezanI sImArUpe A parvatA batAvAyA che. ilAvRttA pazcime mAlya vAna ane pUrva gaMdhamAdana paMta che A bane paryaMta nIlagIrIthI niSadha paryaMta sudhI 2000 yeAjanamAM vyApta che. A baMne paryaMta A vaSa~nI sImA svarUpa che. ketumAla ane bhadArzva paryaMtanI sImAe paNa A parvatA sudhI che. sumerunA pAyAnA rUpe mandara meru mandara supArzva kumuda nAme padegta che temaneA vistAra paNa 10000 yeAjanA che. A parvata para Amra jAMbu kadaMba ane vaDanA cAra vRkSa che 1100 yeAjana uMcA A vRkSa dhvajA jevAM zAbhe che A vRkSezanA phaLa ane rasa AdinA ullekha pachInA zrlokomAM che. jA'bunA phaLanA vahetA rasa jammu nAmanI nadI vahAva che. te rasathI tRpta evI devI jakhvAdinI tyAM rahe che. ane tyAMnA deve

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 173 deva nAga Si rAkSasa badhA ja A devIne bhajIne vipnamukata saMskAranA kendra tarIke paNa Aja kAraNe te mahatva dharAve che thAya che A jammunadInA baMne kinArAnI mATI jambarasamizrata ema mAnI zakAya. thaIne sUryanA tApe sUkAIne vidyAre tathA devenI strIo atre eka vAta dhyAnamAM rAkhavA jevI che ke purANe mATe bhUSaNa yogya thAya che (kadAca A nadIne AsapAsa na kara : e je parimANu ane sthAna saMketa ApyA che te sarvathA pradeza heIne jaMbudIpa e nAma pracAramAM AvyuM che) svIkAryuM te nathI ja lAgatA kayAraka purANamAM apAyelA vAyu purANamAM prajAra punaH sudi varNanana nAmanA hajAre yajananA AkaDA baMdha besatA ja nathI lAgatA 64 mAM a ne 28 kalekamAM sattadIpa samadrAsa...vagere AthI purANAne saMpUrNataH pramANa tarIke svIkAravA zakya kahIne sopA vasudhara ane nirdeza karyo che Aja nathI. yathAtatha ItihAsa tarIke temane na svIkArIne mAtra purANamAM jaMbudIpanI madhyamAM AvelA merU parvatane IlAvRta vedAdinI samajuti saraLa tathA ApavAnA yatana karatAM graMtha tarIke oLakhAtA pradezathI gherAyela tarIke batAvyA che A tarIke temane mAnIne atizayokita ke asaMgatinA deSane parvata sapheda che, merUnI pUrvamAM bhadrAzya pradeza che. ane vAnamAM laIne A vaNanA vAcavA jevAM che. pazcime cheka sudhI ketamAla deza che. merUnI uttare kura ' cintanadhArA ane jIvananI vikAsa kriyAmAM samanvaya (uttara ka3) che ane dakSiNe bharatakhaMDa che A merU parvatanA ane ekAgratA sAdhavA mATe mAnavI. potAnA jIvananA kendra cAra zikhara pRthvI AdhAra Ape che. AmAMthI mahendra parvata binduone zedhIne tenA dvArA je rIte potAnI pravRttio pUrva bAjue vistare che gaMdhamAdana kalAsa ane himavata saMbadhdha kare che te rIte, bhaugolika vibhAga ane tat tata dakSiNe che supArzva parvata tathA mAnasottara anukrame merUnI dezIya vyaktitva paNa pita nA kendranI cetanA ane sthiratAnA uttare ane pazcima vistare che. pUrva ane pazcima vistarela sahAre baLa ane saMtulana meLave che. je rIte eziyAI merUnA bhAge baMne bAju samudra paryata vistaryA che AmerUnA jAgRtI ane ekIkaraNanI havA Aje pravarte che. te rIte parpata jenA kendra sthAne che tenA rAjavI tarIke agnidrane ati prAcIna kALamAM jammu dIpanI kalpanA vikasI hatI. hAla batAvAya che te jayeSTha putra hatuM ane mahAna baLavAnarAjavI eTaluM te spaSTa sUcana maLe che ke, jenAthI A samagra tarIke vAyu purANunA veza thArta 7ma mAnanA pRthvI banI che. sAta dIpa (saMta kavIer agrgharA)mAMno A 31mAM adhyAyamAM darzAvA che. eka dIpa (Continent) che. purANa sAhityamAM tene spaSTa agnipurANe magvavI sAvi nama nAmanA 41mAM ane savizeSa udaghApe ane ullekha che. adhyAyamAM jambuddIpanA vistArane darzAvatA A jammudIpanA navakhaMDa hatA. A khaMDane bhAga lakSa yojana vistAra jambUvIra susvAgatama varSa kahe che. A nava varSa eTale (1) bhArata (AryAvartana lapa.yojabAnena kSArodena samantA hinda) A pradeza himAlayanI dakSiNe ane jambudvIpamAM paNa saunI dakSiNe ( Southern most of all ) Avela ema kahayuM che arthAta (agnie kahayu ke) jakhkhadIpa bhAga che. eka lAkha yojanAnA vistAravALo che ane cAre bAju eka lAkha yAjananA vistAravALA sAra samudrathI AvRta che utarayatU samudrasya himAdezvaya dakSiNama varSa tata bhArate nAma bhAratI yatra saMskRtiH zrImad bhAgavata mahApurANane ghamAM 16mAM *vana kopa ra tama nAma nA adhyAyamAM anya purANanI jema A lekamAM bhArata varSano vistAra himAlayanI ja jabudIpa 1 vAge che pitAnA nivAsa tarIke zukadevajIe dakSiNe ane sAgaranI Uttarano spaSTa darzAvyA che eka cInI rAjA parIkSita ne A dIpa batAvyuM che ane tene bhUmaMDala dhama gurUe A pradezanI mukata kaMThe prazaMsA karatA kahayuM che rUpa kamaLanA keSa sthAnIya sAta dIpamAM sauthI adaranA ke- " bhArata varSa mAM jJAna ane vinaya bane che tethI paNa dIpa tarIke oLakhAvyuM che. vadhAre te satya che kadAca AthI jakuma purANanA 48mA adhyAyamAM paNa lagabhaga AvI etadeza prasUtasya sakAzAta agaM jammana / ja rIte dIpanuM varNana che. spaMpa caritra zikSerana pRthivyA sarvamAnavA vividha purANomAM AvatA nirdezo parathI eTaluM (manusmRti 2-20) spaSTa thAya che ke pRthvItala para janmyadIpanuM mahatna suvi- ema kahevAyuM haze. A pradezanI IdrAtattAnA kAraNe zeSa svIkarAyuM che. kendra sthAne hovAthI paNa sthAnagata ja A kArce A pradezamAM (eryAvatamAM) puna puna janma mahatva banI rahe e svAbhAvika che samRddhi ane sattA ke IcchatA haze nanusmRtinA kulka nAmanA TIkAkAre A satra Jain Education Intemational

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174 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 sAraM te punaH uttaH jamavati rati ratha yaMsa ema sama. kurukSetra ca matsyAzca pAra aaH zUrazemakAH jAvyuM che A bhAgane jakhkhadIpanA haTha bhAga tarIke mAna eSa brahmaSidezo ve bramrAvartA cananma vAmAM Ave che (2) kinara athavA ki puruSa (tti purva nAdina kSetra bANa kAdaMbarImAM) (3) harivarSa (4) IlAta manu-2-19 Ama te A bhAga sAmAnyataH jammudIpane uttara bhAga garuDa purANa -1-15 mujaba madhyadezanI sImAmAM kura, manAya che ( rAjabalI pAMDe ema ja kahe che, paraMtu te pAMcAla, mahasya, yaudheya, 5Tarazcara kuMti ane zuMrasena adhyana kendrane pradeza che ane prasidhdha e meru parvata samAyela che. mAkakaDeya purANa (32) mujaba te madhayaTheza mATe pavata tenA kendramAM che. prA. ApTee noMdhyuM che ke AnAthIya vadhu vistRta hatuM. ane temAM malya avakUTa mulya Fawlows mountain wae sure to riedonge katala kAzI kezala, atharva akaliMga, vRka, ane malaka pradeza It is also saie to cohsist of gotb kems paNuM samAI jatA bRhata sahitanA cadamAM adhyAyamAM | ( zig afjata 1-16 bhartuharinuM vairAgya zakta varAhamihIre madhyadezane vadhu mahatva ApyuM che te mujaba ma 151 vageremAM merune ullekha che) (pa ramyaka (6) hiraramaya rimada, mAMDavya, sAlva, nIpa, ujajIhIna marU, vatsa, zeSa (7) karu athavA uttara kuru ( A dareka pradeze tenI AgaLanA thAmuna, sArasvata, matsya, mAthuraka, mAdhyanikA ujaviSa dharmA pradezanI uttare che ane pachInAnI dakSiNe che ) (8) bhadrAva razya zUrasena goragrIva, uMdehika gauDa (guDa) azvatta, pAMcAla, ane (9) ketumAla....A chellA be varSa anukrame lAvRttanI sAkta, kaka,kuru kAlakeTi, kukakura pAriyAtra, parvata kApiSTha, " (East) ane pazcime (west) che. dubara ane gaja nAmanA pradeza sammilita hatA Ama * jambuddIpane pazcima bhAga sAraM vana tarIke ulle. bRhatsaMhitA e sUcavela madhya deza che. khAya che. teno kendra bhAga madhyama deza hata purANe nideze baudha sAhitya A madhyadezane vistAra thI vaNavyo che che tema ahI mULa Arya rAjayonA udaya ane vikAsa thAya maDAga (8-12-12) mAM madhyadezanI pUrva sImAM kajaMgala madhyadezanA nidezo jotA ema lAge che ke jana bhAvanAo (rAjamahela) sudhI ane tenI pUrve mahAzAla sudhI tenA ane rAjanItimAM kendrIkaraNa ane vindrIkaraNanI zaktionA A dakSiNa pUrve salAvatI nadI, dakSiNamAM saMtakahiNu pazvimamAM dhAre madhyadezanI kalapanA che aAreya brA NamAM IndrAbhiSeka vakhate sthAvIzvara (sthala) nagara ane janapada tathA uttare nadhyamA' dizAno ullekha che tahyA haivAghAmada samAjanAM viza uzIradhvaja (kanakhala nI uttare zivAlikanI khalA) parvata yAM dizi geke cakudu sAjhacAlAnAM rAjAna sa vazAsImeMrANA brAhmaNa graMthamAM AcAranI kaThoratAne lIdhe madhyadezanI tera nI vigate ( A sthira pratiSThita madhyamAM sImA saMkacita banatI rahI bauddha dharma AcArano eTale dizAmAM je vaza-uzInI sAthe je kUru pAMca la rAjAo badhe Agraha rAkhe nahotuM tethI niSiddha janasthAnane che te eka tAMtrIka rAjaya abhiSikata che) A nirdezane paNa madhyadezamAM samAvyA che. budhanI cArikAnA lagabhaga AdhAre ema kahI zakAya ke madhyama dizAmAM gaMgA yamunAnA . anAnA badhAja pradeza madhyadezamAM hatA. pradezane uttara bhAga te kuru gaMgA yamunAnA pradezane dakSiNa bhAga te pAMcAla, prayAga, pAse badhela khaMDa vaza ane jabUdIpa aMgenA A ane AvA ulekhanA AdhAre kanakhalathI uttare, zivAlika parvatanI hAramAM uzInara e pUthvImAM tenA kendragata mahatvane svIkAra kare ja rahyo mukhya rAjaya hatA paraMtu Ano artha e nathI ke madhyamAM sthAnanA kagata vizeSatA ane saMskRti ke vikAsanI draSTie ( madhyama deza) mAtra ATale ja hate bIjA rAjaye bIjI paNa tenuM kendrIya varcasva dhapAtra rahayuM che meruparvata te jatanA rAjayataMtranA AgrahI hatAM AgaLa upara manaspatinA , jakhkhadIpanA ya kendrasthAne darzAvAye che, ra-21mA kalekamAM joyuM che. tema himAlaya ane vidhyanI bhAratIya zAstronI paribhASAo bahudhA rUpakAtmaka ane vacce vinazana (A nAmanA rAjasthAna samudramAM sarasvatInA sucanAtmaka rahI che ane tethI kayAreka to samAdhibhASA (bhAgayupta thavAnuM sthAna thI pUrva ane prayAganI pathime je vatana jevI) ne samajavA mATe khuba cintana jarUrI bane deza che. te madhya deza che. A pradezamAM sarasvatI ane draSadavatI pRthvInA A badhA dIpa temAM jaMbuddIpa temAM vaLI kendragata nAmanI be devanadI vaccene brahmAvata deza tathA kurukSetra, matsya meru vagere mATenA purANadinA varNanamAM atizayokitathI pAMcAla, ane zarasena, e brahmarSideza paNa sammilita che. vegaLA na hoya ema kadAca lAge che chatAM ahIM dehanI ema manusmRtinA bIjA adhyAyamAM kahevAyuM che ke -bhUgoLane ja darzAvavAno yatna paNa hoI zake evuM anumAna sarasthamI daSadavatyo devamaho yadantaram ane te paranuM cintana keIka aMzedhanane viSaya jarUra puro ra dedha nirmita deza bramrA-ta pADe zakya che ke vedanI atiguDha paribhASAne samajAvavAne mana 2-1 yatana karatA purANakAra vagerene Aja abhiprata hoya. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha rAjakoTa jillA sahakArI kharIda vecANa saMgha li. bhupendra roDa rAjakoTa grAma -"DIke selapara"; phona naM 24839 mALIyAthI upaleTA sudhI jillAnA tera tAlukAmAM sahakArI dhoraNe biyAraNa, khAtara ane davAonuM vecANa karI lIlI krAntinA sarjanamAM amulya phALo ApI kheDutone sahAyabhuta bane che. varSa daramiyAna cAra karoDathI vadhu kiMmatanA rAsAyaNika khAtara rAjakeTa jillAmAM tAlukA saMghe ane sahakArI maMDaLIne purAM pADIne kheti utpAdanamAM sakriya phALo noMdhAvela che. ApanI sahakArI maMDaLI pAsethI vadhu sahakAranI apekSA rAkhe che khAtara, biyAraNa ane jaMtunAzaka davA mATe ji9lA kharIda-vecANa saMghane saparka sAdhe. dayALabhAI mu. paTela, ramaNIkalAla ke. dhAmI, menejara. pramukha. vallabhabhAI pa. paTela. adhyakSa. zubhecchA pAThave che zrI harela che. vi. vi. kA, sahakArI maMDaLI haNola (pAlItANA tAluko) seMdhaNI naMbara-2 zera bhaMDaLa-51670 sabhya saMkhyA-208 anAmata phaMDa 18134 kheDUta-159 anya phaMDa 3960 bIna kheDUta-49 becarabhAI mAdhAbhAI paTela lakSamaNabhAI kAnajIbhAI pramukha vya. ka. sabhya-zrI AMbAbhAI meghajIbhAI, zrI prAgajIbhAI becarabhAI zrI kAnajIbhAI jAdavabhAI, zrI bhupatarAya maNIlAla pArekha, zrI ThAkarazIbhAI muLajIbhAI, zrI taLazIbhAI. 4. maMDaLI sastA anAja, kApaDa tathA anya jIvana jarUrIyAtanI vastuonuM sastA dhoraNe vecANa kare che. tathA khAtara-bIyAraNanuM paNa kAmakAja kare che. zubhecchA pAThave che. zrI bhAdarA khe-vi. vi.kA. sahakArI maMDaLa * zubhecchA pAThave che. zrI bhUtIyA sahakArI maMDaLI. mu. bhUtIyA (pAlItANA tAluko) (ji. bhAvanagara) maH bhAdara (mahuvA tAluko) (ji. bhAvanagara) sthApanA tArIkha-3-2-36 noMdhaNI naMbara-99 sthApanA tA. 24-2-64 zera bhaMDoLa 57550 anAmata phaMDa 14491 neMdhaNI naMbara-6768 sabhya saMkhyA- 184 kheDUta-154 bIna kheDUta-30 zera bhaMDaLa anAmata phaMDa 174** 580 sabhya saMkhyA-93 beDUta * mIna kheDUta kAntilAla ma. jozI parazotamabhAI ajAbhAI maMtrI pramukha. vya. ka. sabhyo-zrI chaganabhAI khImAbhAI, zrI gokulabhAI, bhubhAI, zrI dharamazIbhAi, amarAbhAI zrI mohanabhAI devajIbhAI vAghajIbhAI vI jAnI maMtrI bhANAbhAi bhImabhAI pramukha. Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 WITH BEST COMPLIMENTS FROM : SHAH BROTHERS Specialist in : 60:LER QUALITY PLATES Contact for Iron, Steel, Hardware Pis as, Pipe Fittings, Bolier Dube, Stainless Steet Plate & Sheets. SALES OFFICE 4, BARODA STREET, IRON MARKET, CARNAC BUNDER, BOMBAY-9. Phones : 328440 - 327832 Assoelated Companies Raj Industrial Corporation Meshco Enterprises 404, GIRIRAJ, 404, GIRIRAJ IRON MARKET, SANT TUKARAM ROAD CARNAC BUNDER, BOMBAY-9 BOMBAY-9 Mehta & Mehta BARODA STREET, IRON MARKET, CARNAC BUNCER, BOMBAY-9 Jain Education Intemational

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha zubhecchA pAThave che "asmitA" prakAzana zreNIne zubha bhAvanA sAthe jeoe zubhecchA vyakata karI che zrI rohIzALA jutha khe.vi.vi.saha. maMDaLI pAlItANAtAluke (ji. bhAvanagara) zrI khImacaMdabhAI jeThAlAlabhAI zrI maganalAlabhAI suMdarajIbhAI zrI hiMmatalAlabhAI choTAlAla pAI sthApanA tArIkha 9-8-55 zera bhaMDoLa-7246/anAmata phaMDa -293/07 seMdhaNI naMbara 1444 sabhya saMkhyA 351 zAMtilAla joSI maMtrI gulAbasiMha vajubhAI saravaiyA pramukha. zrI vRjalAlabhAI maganalAlabhAI zrI trIbhovanabhAI vAlajIbhAIjhaverI zrI je hiMmatalAla enDa kuM. dalaphAna : 19505 bhArata InTaranezanala plAsTIsa, ke : ravI InDasTrIjha kampAunDa beo AghA reDa thANa, 400602 vya.ka.sabhya - zrI navalasiMha nArUbhA, zrI gaMbhIrasiMha dhIrUbhA, zrI bAbulAla amRtalAla, zrI chaganalAla gevi dajI, zrI zAmAbhAI lAkhAbhAI, zrI merAbhAI rUkhaDabhAI, zrIgaNu bhAI merUbhAI zrI DohalabhAi nAjAbhAI, zrI surIMgabhAI harasurabhAI, zrI hAthIbhAI bhImabhAI (phena 50443) AdhyAtmika grAmophona rekarDa * : (1) " zrI Atmasipi zAratra '' (zrImad rAjacaMdra kRta) saMpUrNa 142 gAthAe yukata leMgaple . p rekaDa: 45 miniTa, (2) " zrI bhaktAmara stotra" ( AcAryazrI mAtaMga sUrikRta) saMpUrNa 48 saMskRta kaleka, anya maMtrayukata L p rekarDa : 39 miniTa (3) " apUrva avasara" (zrImad rAjacaMdra kRta) saMpUrNa 21 gAthAe yukata ekasTaDeDaa Ep rekarDa? 13 miniTa (4) % dhyAna saMgIta" ( zukala dhyAna sUcaka Music For Meditation eka kalAkanI hindI-aMgrejI) keseTa Tepa. (dha) "mahAvIra darzana "( bhagavAna mahAvIranuM saMgIta maya jIvana darzana) hindI gIte, hindI-aMgrejI kemesTrI sAthe L p rekarDa : 40 miniTa praratutakartA saMgItaH pratApakumAra ToliyA zrI zAMtIlAla bI zAha prakAzaka: " vardhamAna bhAratI," anaMta, 12 kembrija roDa, alasUra, beMglera 560008 phena 5044) prakhyAta brAnDa B IP nA plAraTI senDala ane zujha ama banAvIe chIe sela DIsTrIbyuTarsa : 18 zu daDIA che : pe.sTa bekasa naM. 101 thANuM 400601 Jain Education Interational

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10c eziyAnI bamikA sAthe bhAratIya asimatA bhAga-2 Phone P. B. X. Office - 483 Res :-423 *********** Ms. Akberali Najarali - Stockist : Iron & Steel Merchent. Shalimar Paints Power Arc Welding Rods Behind Bazar, Gate, NAVSARI. Jain Education Intemational

Page #184
smRti saMdarbha graMtha With best Compliments From A WELL WISHER With Best Compliments From Gram : NIRMALSU Phone ; 323350 Nagindas & Bros. GUM MERCHANTS Dealers & Sorters of all kinds of GUM Importers & Exporaers 67, Essaji Street, Old Bardan lane. BOMBAY-3. YEAST ALCO ENZYMES LIMITED Shetrunji Dan Site. PALITANA Phone No. 67 Gram : NIRMALSU Phone : 323350 General Sales Corporation Exp. & Importers of GUM Dealers in 'GUM' Printing Sizing Materials & Dyes & Chemicals. 67, Essaji Street, BOMBAY-3. Dr. Virbhadrasinhji ... Chairman Shri. M. C. Shab .... Managing Director Shri. G. S. Ballar .... Perchage Manager Sbri. K. V. Patel ... Production Manager Jain Education Intemational

Page #185
eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 With Best Compliments From: Teligram PAVITRATA Phone office 255915 >> Works 551501 BHARAT COAL-TAR SUPPLYING Co. Sole Agents & Distr butors THE BOMBAY GAS CO LTD Dealers in: Coal-tar Coal-pitch & Empty Steel Barres Works : Behind Teipal's Saki Naka Andheri Kurla Road, Bombay-72 Office Union Bank Building Dalal Street Bombay 1-BR Jain Education Intemational

Page #186
pArasIonuM purANuM-vartamAnavatana bhArata " dhArmika mAnyatA mATe jagatamAM je kAMI sahiSNutA che, je kAMI jarA tarA paNa sahAnubhUti che, te kyAvahArika rIte jotAM AryAnI prAcIna bhUmi-bhAratamAM ja che. A te puNyabhUmi che, ke jyAM hindu musalamAnA mATe masjida bAMdhe che ane khristI mATe carco. dareka dharma pratye te samabhAva dAkhave che. jagate bhArata pAsethI je kAMI sIkhavAnuM che te eka mAtra mahAna edhapATha kevaLa sahiSNutAnI sAvanAoneA nahIM paNu sahAnubhUtinI bhAvanAnA paNa che. ' vAmI vivekAnandranA A zabdonI akSarazaH sArthakatA A bhUmi para pArasI prajAe sAthI vizeSa anubhavI che. : rASTra jIvananA merudaMDa, rASTra jIvananeA pAye, ane rASTra jIvananI AdhArazIlA, dharma ja che, ema mAnanArA bhAratanI jema pArasIoe paNa svIkAryuM. kevaLa dhane kheMcAvavA mATe temaNe mAdare vatana cheDayuM. ane ' jyAM jyAM se eka gujarAtI, tyAM tyAM sadAkALa gujarAta.'e kavipANInA layane jhIlyA. dhama haze te jIvana haze, dha ze teA ja rASTra che, evI dRDha nIti akhatyAra karatA vArasIe dharmanA rakSaNane kAje bhArata cAlyA AvyA, ane mAratanI udAratAe temane apanAvyA, AtmasAt karyAM. aya nema vajhehu " eTale, A mulka athavA Aryo ;khavAsanI Ana prajAnuM sthAna A Ayana majAnI aneka zAkhAo paikInI eka zAkhA kAkA niyasa paryaMta pAse thaI ne, te vakhatanA turAnI (ma`gela) majAnA mulakamAM dAkhala thaI, tyArathI te mulaka IrAna kahemAyA. A IrAnamAM, pArasa (phA) nAmanA eka prAnta ke ilAkA che, jenu jANItuM zahera ' parsi pAlisa ' (parasIpura) tenI eka vakhatanI rAjadhAnI hatu. phAsa prAnta, hakhAmanI mamalamAM atyaMta AbAda pradeza hatA. paDezanA aneka deza ane khaMDaNI ApatA hatA. A prAnta UADIne bhArata pravanArA leAkeA peAtAne pArasI tarIke oLakhAvavA lAgyA. yaza zAhe kAtarAvelA mahIstunanA pahADa paranA eka zilA y == zrI vAsudeva vI. pAThaka lekhamAM teNe peAtAne pArasIya putra ( phArasanuM pharaja...6) lakhAvyA che. khAmIleAnayana lekhamAM ' pAse 'nuM paThAntara 'pasa ' evuM maLe che. tyAM rAjadhAnI hAvAthI AkhA pradeza ne parziyA (Persia) kahevAmAM ANye. ane e mujaba phArasathI nAsI Avela, ane hiMdamAM bheLaseLa (vaSNu sa karatA) vinA alAyadI ja rahela keAma (pArasI kAma ) mAtra pAsa prAntanI ja yAda Ape che. janme pArasIne ja navajotanA kriyA sa`skAra dvArA jarathAstI banAvI zakAya, ema mAnatA A leAkeAe dUdhamAM sAkaranI mIThAza svIkArI, paNa peAtAnI je kAMI vizeSatA ( Individuality ) hatI te na cheADI. tethI jaratheAstI dharmane mukhyatve te pArasI kAmanA dharma gaNavAmAM Ave che. khristI ananAra darekane jema yurepiyana nathI gaNI zakAtA ane IslAmanA svIkAra karanArane heArAjInI ke AgAkhAnanI jamAtanA hakka nathI maLatA tema A pArasI zabda paN sa'cita ja rahyo. A pArasI saMgha amuka jAtanA ( kayAnI -Blue blood) leAhI teAkhama dharAvanArAone ja che. temAM IrAnanI asala nakala' jaLavAI che. ane te muniyAdI sAthe, amuka rIta rivA, khAsiyata, Adata, mane tti vagere paNa A kAmanI vizeSatA ( Racial characteristi cs) che. hiMdunI pArasI kAme keAI parajAtane (jene pitA pArasI na hoya tevAne ) peAtAnAmAM samAgye nathI. pArasI gaNyA nathI, (AmAM apavAda che. ) chellA 1300 vamAM kAI parajAta ne pArasI nyAtamAM dAkhala karyA nathI. e vAta adAlatamAM paNa samAnya kabulAI che. ( jo ke pAchaLathI theADI chUTachATa maLI te apavAda che.) pArasI keAma bhaLI gaI hAvA chatAM, Ama alAyadI (Exclusive) ja rahI che. temanA paheraveza, bhASA, raheNIkaraNI badhuM ja lAMkhA samaya sudhI phArasI ja rahyuM. alabatta pAtAnI mULa bhASAnI dRSTie, avastA sAthe ati sAmya dharAvatI saMskRta bhASAnA vyAkaraNa vagere para temaNe AdhAra rAkhavA paDayo che e hakIkata che. Ama tA dareka pArasI mULe teA IrAnI che. A irAna eTale *

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182 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 javAMthI Aryana loko AvIne vaselA te bhAga ( Aryana tane temaNe pasaMda karyuM ane dastura naryo saMgha dhavala loko parano A saMdarbhe vizeSa saMzodhana mAgI le te sAheba sAthe khorAsAMnI prAntane eka meTe kAphalo che.) A Aya eTale khAnadAna, amIra oble. I. sa. ahuramajhada (horamajhaDa Hormazd) baMdare rahIne bhAra(29-30mAM IrAnamAM chelle sAsAnIyana vaMza cAlato hato. temAM diva thaIne saMjana baMdara Avyo. e temanuM praveza tene chellA zahenazAha yajhAde jhArda (trI) zaherivAra dvAra banyuM. A vakhate ahIM jAhI rANuM rAjya karato nehAdavananI laDAImAM AbAnA hAthe hAra pAmyo. 'tAjhIka ha cho. pArasI vaDAoe tenA rAjyamAM rahevA mATenI Araboe pitAno dharma phelAvavA mATe jabarajastI karI. darakhAsta mUkI. rANAe dUdhathI pUrNa bharelo pyAlo javAIrAnanI asala saMskRtine tabAha karI. eka vakhate jehAnamAM bamAM mokalIne jaNAvyuM ke ahIM jagyA nathI. pArasI ( duniyAmAM) mokhare rahela mulaka, cheka pAchaLa paDI gaye. agraNIoe temAM sAkara meLavIne vaLato javAba vALyo Ama chatAM, jamazeda phareduna, erama...ka e khuzarU, kae laharAspa, ane sUcavyuM ke dUdhamAM maLI jatI sAkaranI jema ame vagere sayaMtae (avatArI puruSoe) majhadayasnI dIna ApanI prajAmAM bhaLI jaIzu sAthe sAthe dUdhane mIThuM sAcavavA mATe zakya badhuM ja karyuM, te sarvathA eva avi- karatI sAkaranI jema prajAmAM mIThAza ane samRddhi paNa smaraNIya che. sva-dharmane ja potAnuM sarvasva mAnatA IrA- lAvIzuM. A javAbathI rANuM khuza thayA. ane bhAratamAM nIo have majabUra hatA, pitAno dharma bacAvavA mATe pravartatA rIta rivAja mujaba rahevA mATenI cauda zarato IrAna choDavAnI temane pharaja paDI. bhArata sAthe IrAnanA (A zarato saMskRta-loka baddha che)nA pAlananI apekSAe vyApArI saMbaMdhe ghaNA lAMbA samayathI hoIne, bhAratamAM nivAsa mATe saMmati ApI. tyArathI bAratamAM pArasItemanuM AvAgamana to prAcIna samayathI hatuM ja. nAnA nAnA jarathustI koma tarIke teo rahevA lAgyA. te vakhate svI. kAphalA varSothI bhAratamAM AvatA hatA ane sIkaMdaranA kATAelI A zarato Aje paNa paLAya che. e vAta A vakhata pachI paNa keTalAka pArasIo yunAnamAM samAI gayA kemanI vacananiSThAnI paricAyaka che. hatA. keTalAka loko IrAnI khalAsI tarIke pahelavI jamA tereka sadInA bhAratanA nivAsa daramyAna pArasIonI nAnA hiMdanA kAMThA para vahANe lAvatA hatA. hiMda zabda cAlIseka peDhI to thaI ja gaI che. ane tethI Adeza sAthe khUda "saMzayata" mAM maLe che, tene artha ja e ke, ava temane AtmIyatA paNa baMdhAI ja gaI che. IrAnamAMthI stA jamAnAmAM paNa, A dezono saMbaMdha hato. baherAma asahAya sthitimAM vidAya laIne bhAratane ja Adara sAthe ga2 zAha, eka zAhajAdA tarIke, udepura-darabAramAM AvyA apanAvanAra A prajA ahIMnI ja banIne rahe e svA hatA. ane tyAMnI kuMvarI sAthe paraNyA hatA. A vaMza bhAvika che. IzAnI che. IrAnI khaMta. dInadArI ane svabhAva hajI paNa pitAnA vaMzajomAM IrAnI lohI hovAnuM kabUle gata. AbarUdArI ane khAnadAnI te temanA lohImAM hatI che. madharAsa (madrAsa)nA baMdaro para pArasIonA Ataza ane te hiMdanI khilavaNImAM sahAyaka nIvaDI. hiMdanI ja kadeha hatA. temAMnA ekano lekha senTa jayejanA killAmAM sevAmAM dezabhakti dAkhavavAnI pravRti spaSTa banI rahI pahelavI bhASAmAM jaLavAyela che. ane bIje trAvaNakoranA phavataH hiMdane varSone ItihAsa e vAtanI zAkha pUratuM eka devaLanI dIvAla para hato. khuda sIratAnane vibhAga rahyo che ke pArasIoe ahIMnA ja banIne, vAstavamAM IrAnI hato. tyAM paNa Ataza-kadeha hatA. cheka paMjAbanA sAkaranI jema mIThAzathI bhaLavAnuM svIkAryuM che, siddha vaMjhAranA raste herAta thaI hiMda AvavAno paga rasto jANI che. ane takSazIlAmAM paNa IrAnI DhabanA parastazanA Ataza. kadeha hatA. Ama A pUrve paNa aneka IrAnI leko jarathostI dharmanI ane pArasI komanI sevAmAM custa bhAratamAM kAphalA rUpe AvIne TharI ThAma thavA haze ema jarastI javana dAkhavanAemAM evaDa baherAmajI Una lAge che. A bhUtakALanA AdhAre bhAratanI udAra dhArmika vAlA (kasAyelA annavana) phareduna dAdAcAnajI, nasaravAnamAM nItine temane paricaya hato. tethI ja temanA pitAnA bIlImoryA, jamazedajI nasaravAnajI mahetA, aradezara batrI dhamane mATenA suyogya ane saMrakSaka sthAna tarIke bhAra. mAryA, pIrojazA grIna, jehAMgIrajI dAjI, kuMvarajI laMbara, Jain Education Intemational

Page #188
smRti saMdarbha graMtha 189 che. kAMgA, jasAvAlAbhAIo, kharadezacha, ja, vADIA, khaMbhAtA; tathA teja yuddhamAM ati viriSTha sevA caMdraka motIbAI bAtalIvAlA, kAbrAjI kuTuMba, mobedajI, pAMDe meLavanArA mejara janarala adI, ema. zeTha jevA zuravIro; tArAporavAlA, desAI Adi agraNI rahyA che. dasturajI jUnA khaMDere ane sikkA pArakhavAmAM pAvaradhA jamazeda maherajI rANAe te akabaranA darabAramAM camatkArathI eka UnavAlA; Tebala TenisamAM bhArata zreSTha evA pharojha kheDAcALane UMce caDhAvIne tene sUrya tarIke pratIti karAvatI IjI; krikeTamAM mokhare rahelA polI umarIgara, narI konTrAkaTara karAmatane tabAha karI hatI. akabara AthI mugdha thayo hato, rUsI suratI; phArUka enajInIyara, vagere potapotAnA kSetre Atazane upAsaka banyo hato, ane "dIne lAhI" dharma, ane bhAratanA ItihAsamAM suvarNAkSare aMkita raheze temAM dastura maherajI rANAnA pratibhAvathI sthapAya. ("tavArIkhe zaMkA nathI. akabara mAM AnI noMdha hoya te zakaya che.) komanA sAhitya kSetre paNa ane zikSaNakSetre paNa pArasI Adarza dasturo tarIkenuM bahumAna daturajI nisaMgha sAheba, na saMghaha ke maherajI, azenara dasturacha pezAtana (ga nabIrAo prajajavala rahyA che. "jaya jaya garavI gujarAta jevuM ciraMtana kAvya ApanAra kavi aradezara pharAmajI khabaraara taraphathI amagI-amaratvanuM InAma meLavanAra) dharma dA2; kavi mInu desAI; kavi-DosAbhAI desAI; strI keLavaTikAvavA mathanAra phiroja masAnI, vagerene maLe che. zeTha ( NInA prathama paMkitanA himAyatI ane kavi baherAmajI malabArI navarejI mANekajI vADIA (C,F,E), zeTha kAvasajI, e. vagere ahI savizeSa ullekhanIya che. nANAvaTI, zeTha phirojazAha pha. tArAporavAlA, zeTha lavajI ka zarApha, zeTha ke khuzarU pI. dektara vagere paNa A daSTie dharmanI daSTie ane tenA Adarza zikSaNanI dRSTie agraNI che. moTI, bharUca aMkalesaryA, nAdIrazAha; atyA, kaTelI; gurunA graha upara AdhArita pArasI dharma hAIne kAMgA; punegara vagere paNa ullekhavA jevA che. udAtta zarunI zubha asarane lIdhe, pArasIo je te kSetramAM agraNI zikSaka tarIke ane vidyA puruSa tarIke jemanuM bahumAna saMbhave temAM mI. teDamulajI kAMgA; dastura khurazeH esa. DAbu; rahyA che. temanI sUkSma vyavasthAzakti ane viveka tathA kAryaniSThA ane kunehane lIdhe, bhAratIya rASTrane paNa temanI jAmApa AsAnA (dastura kekhuzarU nIceTara); eDa ratanazA rUstamajI meTA pharAma; Do. pazetana kAra khAnevAlA; mahatI dena che. sTIla udyoganA prANabhUta jamazedajI tAtA; Do. pazetana aMkalesarI bA; aMgrejI ane phreMca baMnemAM varAjayanI jhuMbezane sUra jagavanAra dAdAbhAI navarojajI; pAvaradhA prA. IcchAparIA nIti saMskAritA ane mAnava navarAjyanI jhuMbezanA agraNI ane muMbaI myuni. korpo. dharmane zvAsa letA prA. phiroja sI. dAvara Adi paNa nA korporeTara sara phirojazA mahetA; bhIla sAme aMgrejone pArasI kemanI ane samAjanI paNa pratiSThA rUpa che. jItADayA hovAthI aMgreja sarakAre jemane muMbaI beTanA sava prathama pArasI-paTela banAvyA te dorAbajI nAnAbhAI bhAratamAM sau prathama netra beMka kholanAra Do. jamazedajI triANIo mATe davAkhAnA AdinI udAra sakhAvata karAra dagana; gAyane kelo chatarIke khyAtanAma Do. mI. aMkasira mANekajI pITITa; dareka kAma mATe udAra sakhAvata ka2- lesarIkhA ane Do. mIsIsa aMkalesarI A AdinI paNa tAra sakhAvatanA zahenazAha sara jamazedajI jIjIbhAI; sevAo noMdha pAtra che. - muMbaI samAcAra'nA sthApaka pharaduna marajabAna aneka milanA mAlika ane bhAre sakhAvatI navarojI nasaravAnajI, bhAratanI zabhA svarUpa banela muMbaI nagarIno vistAra EvADIA, eTamika enajIno nirdeza mAtra jemanuM maraNa ane vikAsa paNa A pArasI enA prayatnanuM pa raNAma che karAve te sara homI bhAbhA bhAratanA sau prathama phIDa ema kahevAmAM Atazakita nathI. mubaI to pArasImArzala janarala esa. eca. epha. je. mANekazA 1971 nI vastInuM kendra ja rahyuM che. ane derAba che nAnAbhAithI mAMDIne Do-pAka yuddhamAM zreSTha kArya badala ucca padavI (parama sau pArasIoe tenA vikAsane rASTranA vikAsanI sAthe eziSTa sevA caMdraka meLavanAra mejara janarala rUstama epha- sAtha jhaMkhe che. Jain Education Intemational

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184 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 AvA A pArasI-ra stIo mATe Adarza "kema nA majhadA'mAM je kahyuM che, tenA pratIkanuM paNa sUcana darzAvatAM zrI DosAbhAI desAInI "vaiSNava jana to tene che. jayAM Ataza- AdarAna hoya "yajane bAja' vagere kahIe" e narasIMha mahetAnA gItanA laya ane bhAvanA- pavitra kriyAo thAya. ane jenA uvIsa gAhamAM eka vALA kAvyanI keTalIka paMktio atre TAMkavAnuM mana thAya che. A kvAnyAmAM yajanene Ataza hoya tevA makAnane agyArI kahe che. A zabdamAM "kAri + vAta che. arthAta jarathostI te tene kahIe, ucca jIvana je gALe re Atazane Dhaga ke AtazanuM pAtra. A Ataza-kadehune pArapigaMbarane pagale ca lI, niyama azeIna pALe re sIo "dare-mahera' kahe che. teno kharo artha te "mahera nyAya ja jene niyama sAco, paraduHkhe e dAjhe re (mizrasUrya) yajhadanI darabAra' evo che. IrAnamAM maheranindA, nAlezI, jaThANuM, dagA thakI e lAje re MithranI pUjA pracalita hatI. tene mahAna yajhada gaNIne prAmANikatA che mudrAlekha, vatana premI e vIra re tenA maMdira banAvAyAM. A pUjAnI khUba vyApaka asara nikhAlasa che hadaya jenuM, vIra, dhIra, gaMbhIra re.... hatI. kahevAya che ke aneka laDAIe jItanAra IrAnIe dhanane ja jIvananuM kendra mAnatA pArasIoe bhAratIya je merethonanI laDAImAM jItyA hatA te AkhA yuropamAM rASTrIyatA paNa tenA AdhAre ja apanAvI; e temanI vizeSatA mahera yajhadanI baMdagI phelAI hota. che. vadharma mATeno atyAgraha chatAM, pArasIo haMmezAM mahera yamada'nuM eka nAma "dAvara" che. "dAvara" paradhama sahibagu rahyA che. talavAranA jore ke lAlacamAM lapaTAvIne pitAnA dharmano anya dvArA svIkAra karAvavAnI eTale dAdabara-nyAya toLanAra ke phariyAda sAMbhaLanAra. A temaNe kyAreya vRtti sevI nathI. sarva dharma pitatAnI rIta dAvaranI darabAre mInaI jehAnamAM vyaktinA mRtyu pachI, zreSTha che, je tenI zreSThatAne pAmI zakAya to jo ke, atizaya tenI karaNano hisAba levAto. mahera yajhadanI pUjA karanAra dhArmika rUDhicustatAne kAraNe agyAra suddhAmAM anya kema paNa dAvara kahevAtA. rAjAne cUkAda paNa pUjArInA darabAramAM nAno praveza niSiddha rakhAya che, te paNa ahI vicAravA (vaDA dharma gurU pAse) apIlamAM ja rAjAne sogaMda jevuM che. sAmAnyataH Ataza-parasta (agninI pUjaka). vidhi paNa ahIM ja thato. (sogaMda' e zabda paNa "saloka+ manAtI A koma vastutaH to kudaratanAM badhAM ja rezana anta" arthAta jhaLakato (Ataza parathI Avyo che. kadAca pAka svarUpanI pUjaka che. Ataza, khudAnA putra tarIke aMdaranA agni-AtmatinI ahI sogaMdamAM zIkha oLakhAya che. spenTA2mada (dharatImAtA) paravaranAM dIkarI levAnuM sUcana haze.) che. ane e rIte, niyata manAyelA saMbaMdhe dvArA pArasInuM samagra sarjananuM mULa (abhinna nimittapAdAna kAraNa) namana kiratAra ne ja che. kiratAranI karAmata A khalaka ahuramajhada che. kuztI bAMdhyA pachI ekarAra karavAmAM Ave (world)mAM jyAM jayAM hoya tyAM tene pichANavAnI che ke-"ahurAI majhadAI visthA vahu cinahamI" (saghaLI pArasI nA tayArI che. From nature to nature's God bhalI bakSIse te eka paravaradegAra pAsethI ja maLe che, ema e temane rAha che. jagatamAM badhe ja IzvaranI hAjarI huM kabUluM chu) te Izvara " apAIrIma" One without ane kAmagIrI che. "nIta hastI be juka yajhadAM" (kuda- Second , gvA dvitIyam che. sarvavyApaka che. A ratatI hastI vinA bIjA koInI hayAtI nathI-badhuM ja Izvara ke khurAnuM eka nAma 'dAdara' (creator) che. te - Izvara che,) Ama chatAM jayAM tenI hAjarInI sauthI vadhu pitAnI aMdarathI poteja badhuM bahAra lAve che. (nimitta pratIti thaI zake, tevA mUryanI upAsanAmAM IzvaranuM jhaLakatuM ane upAdAna kAraNa baMne te Izvara ja che.) tethI dareka zarIra vyakta che. rAtre te najIka na hovAthI, tenI parezna cIja, te asalano bhAga che. Universe is one StupniraMtara zakaya nathI. tethI tenA jevA bIjA maMda khure- endous whole, whose body nature is and God hamaMda tatva Ataza ( agni) Adara yajhadane kebalA tarIke the soul Ama samagra vizvamAM tenI ja hastI che. svIkArAya che. AtarAnI pUnA svIkAramAM, aMdarano amazAspada arthAt amezA (amara) ane spentA (jagatanI Ataza (Ama prakAza) pragaTe te verI nAza pAme evuM vRddhi karanAra) evA sAta vaDA yajhada (Archangles Jain Education Intemational Education International

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha mukhya kuMtA) avastAmAM darzAvAyA che. kadAca sAsAnIyana jamAnAmAM temane pahelavI bhASAmAM hama zipa' arthAta ekasarakhuM ja bhAna dharAvanAra (damemamanA) tarIke oLakhyA che. kayAreka temane hamazeAspada' athavA 'zasIcatA'-eka sarakhI avakavALA vRddhi karanArA tarIke paNa vA byA che. khristI sAhityamAM Prinipalities before the throne of Gol tarIke sUcavAya che te AvI ja ceAjanA che. vaidika dhame mahA maMDaLa darzAvyuM che, yAhudI ane IslAmI dharma paNa Aja saptarSi kaztA svIkAryo che. A sAta vaDAmAM sa. prathama ahura majhada che. samagra hastInu te mULa che. mahAjJAnI sAheba che. temane dADhArakIratAra-pedA karanAra (- Creator ) che. khristI dharmanA te Father che. vastIna yAmAM temane pitA tarIke ja oLakhAvyA che. ( karadeza - 23) teo AdamIne sapUrNa banAvI mukti apAvavA mATe negAha rAkhe che. tamAma InsAnAnI pAsa bAnI kare che mAnavIo temane ja AdhIna che koI vyakita bIjAne duHkha de to te majakUra amazAspadane ja (ahura madane) ja duHkha kare che bIna vaDA te vAjuM-manA ( behamana ) arthAta pApakArI DahApaNa (Benevolent wisdom) lALA che. hindu dharmanA te viSNu" (zikSA jIru-saMrakSaka ) che. khristI dharmAMnA te Son (krAIsTa) che. te nikhAlasa, niSkapaTI, premALa ane bhalA mananAM che. temane ApIne badhAMja gospa t ( mULA jAnavara) che. baheta nA saranazIna tarIke A amazAspada che. A trIjA vaDA te aSa-vahIsta anrI mahezta) che. te khUbaja batI zehanA ghaDA khUbaja kalyANa kArI ane zuddha niyamavALA jemAM pavitratAnu samAtapaNa che. tevA sAheba che. peAtAnA Ataza vaDe savane pAka karanArA te e Anaza vagere turI (tejasvI ) peDhAyazA para mukakala che. hindu dharmanA zivanuM' gni jevu ugra svarUpa svaccha karanAra manAya che. khristI dharmanA Holi Wfhost ( Fire ot Creatloi paNa A ja deva che. ya--vaiya ( zaherevara) e icchA mujabanI mAdArI nAnA vaDA che. idhara yArela Adarza rAjya phelAvI nibhAvI Kingdom of Heaven ekAda svarUpe A jagata para utAravAnI emanI koziza che. temane mAdhIna 185 khanIja, hIrA vagere pRthvItaLanA padArtha che. te samRdhi ane zAsananA sUcaka che. Vule) jevA khristI dharmanA vaDAnuM svarUpa temanuM che, hindu dharmomAM te vizvakarmA che. nyAmatane akSanAra ane saMbhALanAra te che. jagatanA sarva sattAnazInAnA cAcA zahenazAhe A zahera amazAspada che. spentA-AramaItI (AmaMItI ke AramatI) arthAta spe nhAramada eTale evI prAmANika buddhi ke je jagatamAM vRddhi kare. pahelavImAM tene 'bundaka-manazanI" bacavA 'pUra-mana zanI)nA vaDA mAnyA che ane temanA vaDe ApaNuM DahApaNu sapUrNa ane phAyadAkara thai che. jyAM ApaNI 'matI ' aMgaDe tyAM te DahApaNanA durupayoga hovAthI te avatti ane vinAza kare che. rathatI arthAta sIdhI dAnata, svaccha nema, pavitra buddhi dAya tAja jagatane jJAnanA phAyadA maLe che. prAmANuika rAhe lanA upayAga karanArane AzA Ape te A AramardatI che, tene dAdAranI dIkarI' kahI che. tethI te khristIo Mother aspect tkhAnuM svarUpa che ke che, "kemanA majhadAmAM prAnA che ke tu ane spenAramAM badhAne bacAvA. aDI" mALAnuM pipAlaka rUpa spaSTa che. gAramatInA eka a dharatImAtA * evA paNa thAya che, ane e rIte paNa te pASadAtrI mAtA che. tenI dayA-mAyAne lIdhe ja mulakA anAmata che. A amazAspadanI IcchA na hoya tA retImAM sthiti pAmatA maMgalA jevu' thAya. mnless He builds a home man builde thousand A AramaItInA hAtha nIce jamInanI sapATI che. jenA para khetI che; makAnA che, je mAtAnI jema samaga hama jAtane TakAve-nabhAve che. game tevA kharAma khALaka tarapha paNa mAtAnuM haiyuM mAphI ane dayAthI jUe che, tema dharatI mAtA paNa adhAM tuMDAM na guNAM ke guhagAra AdamIne paNa potAnI zuddha tithI sAcave che. hAyatAta (havaratAta arthAt khuradAda-khAdI Plenty 'sa'tAja-sajja tAtIne kAraNe sarvAMga sukhanA AtmAna' maLe che. A evA AtmasattAya che ke jethI pAtAne badhu" ja maLyuM che, bIjuM nathI joItuM, ema lAge. amara thavAthI lAyakAta Ave tyAre AvA dharava paidA thAya che. tethI A samazAspada sivaroya nA maLI 'nI sAthe sakaLAyela che. temanA akhatyAramAM pANInA dareka vistAra che. tenAthI.

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 pRthvI AbAdI bhegave che. (AbAdI zabda paNa AbapANI ane tethI AvatI kAlano te jaladI vicAra karI zakato parathI che.) tenuM mane svarUpa amRtajaLa (nectar) che. nathI. pariNAme lAgaNI mayatAmAM lahera uThAvavA jatAM jIvana grIka vArtAomAM pharatAnA pINA tarIke teno ullekha che. kaDuM bane che ane asAmAjika badI paNa praveze che. nakala A amazAspaMdano guNa badhe saMtoSa pAtharavAno che. tethI karavAnI bAbatamAM khAsa karIne khristI yuropiyanonuM anukaI jAtanI daridratA jaNAtI nathI. AvA sthAyI saMtoSa karaNa vizeSa thatuM rahyuM che. eka dasturajIe noMdhyuM che tema, -AnaMda mAnanAra janmamaraNanA pherAmAM sukha zodhato nathI. aMdhAnukaraNanI pravRttimAMthI anItinAM AcaraNa paNa AvyAM che. svabhAve pachama buddhi hovA chatAM ekaMdare samaju evA ameretAta (amaradAda) te amagI yA amara hAlatanA pArasI svabhAvanA saMdarbhamAM teoe umeryuM che ke, pApamAM vaDA che. A musApharIne anta che. jemAM meta para vijaya phasyA chatAM, lAgaNI ke nIti che ka ja jatI nathI. e eka maLyo hoya tevI A kayAmata che (kyAmata eTale jIvana sArI nizAnI che. nIti ane dInadArI sAcavavAnI dhagaza maraNanA pherAmAMthI bacI jaI, kAyama thavuM, amara thavuM, dvArA sudhAranI ujaLI AzA teoe sevI che. "azeI mukta thavuM. Ane ja kaMkarathI zaMkara ke narathI nArAyaNa athavA (Purity) vinAnA badhA ja duracaMda (tiraskaraNIya) ema From labour to refreshment che. aze jarathustra paNa A saMdarbhamAM ja sUcavAyuM che. zukana apazukana, AMkasAhebe jenA para bhAra mUkyo che te ekatha, zAMti, sakhAvata pharaka vageremAM mAnatI A kemanI vahemI prakRttinI paNa ane pavitratA e cAra guNa A dizAmAM laI janAra che) temaNe jhATakaNI kADhI che. nAjuka ane kamaLa rahetA ane AdamInI chevaTanI sarajate pahoMcADe tevI A paNa AtmAnI zarIre nirbaLatA dAkhavatA pArasIone to temaNe spaSTa bukhagI (mukti) apAvanAra A vaDA sAhaba che. temanA kahyuM che ke nIti, vIrya ane cAritrya sAcavavAthI zArIrika -hAtha nIce badhI hariyALI che. A hariyALI dvArA akhaMDa daDhatA punaH sAM paDaze. jarA jarAmAM davA pIvAnI ke iMjekazana jIvana ke "amRtarasa yAda Ave che. levAnI ghelachAthI kAMI nahi vaLe. pArasIonI zArIrika upara gaNAvelAM sAte svarUpe to ekaja mAlikanAM hAlata khare ja cintA upajAve tevI che. pahelAM zArIrika sAta darzana che. jagatanA anya mahAna dharmonI jema ja, A daDhatA mATe pArasIo dvArA khAsa karIne muMbaI ane nava'ekadeva'nI mAnyatA che. eka khudA (khadhAta-svadAta) nA sArI jevA zaheromAM akhADA paNa calAvAtA hatA. nAjuka svarUpamAMthI A sAta svarUpe Izvara pragaTayA che. sAte ane kAvaLI hAlatane phezananI nizAnI mAnatI strIo, ane zAkhAnI zarUAta "ura" alabata pelA " asala kAraNa" mahenata karavAmAM nAnama lekhatA puruSo A kAmamAM vizeSa ahuramAMthI thaI che. Ama tamAma sRSTino ekamAtra AdhAra che. phalataH anya lokone jaldI rojI maLe che. khuda pArasI ekaja aravala asalyAta para che. gAthAmAM e svarUpane paheDImAM paNa madrAsI, zIkha ke baMgALIe majhA kare che. apa IrIma" apUrva-The one without Secnod pArasI gharamAM paNa rAmAkAzI pisAya che ane chokarAM bhUkhe kahyuM che. pArasI prakRtine vicAra karIe to khaMta, vyavasthA kare che. A sthiti AjanA saMdarbhamAM jarAya AvakArya zakti, prAmANikatA vagere tene sahaja siddha che. paropakAra nathI. Ama te komanI avanati ja netarAya che. pArasI mUlaka udAratA, ane sakhAvatI svabhAva heIne to "pArasI kemanI Arthika tavaMgarImAM kadAca vizeSa phera nathI paDyo. tAruM bIjuM nAma sakhAvata che" jevI kahevata pracalita banI to paNa badhA ja tavaMgara nathI. garIba ane tavaMgara pArasI , che. pArasIo temanA mRtyu pachI paNa A kahevatane pitAnA vacce saMsaga sacavAye nathI. kemamAM dhana te jaLavAI rahyuM dehanuM pakSIone dAna daIne caritArtha kare che. mAna ApavAnI che. paNa keTalAka pAse ja kendrita thaIne.... lAgaNI, AnaMdIpaNuM ane milanasAratA e te pArasImaprajAnI AgavI kahI zakAya tevI vizeSatA che. jo ke AvI Arthika ane zArIrika sthitinI vAstavikatA A badhAnA pariNAme kadAca nakala karavAno ane Izka ane yuropiyana prajAnA anukaraNa rUpe janmela chUTachATanA bAjI (Romance) ne zokha paNa pAMgaryo che. temAM te dUSaNanA pariNAme bhAre anartho paNa sarjAyA che karakasara jaladI praveze che. pArasIne gaMbhIra thatAM vAra lAge che. vinAnI, kharcALa, jIvana nirvAha rItinI apekSAe, pitAnI Jain Education Intemational Education Intermational

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smRti sadA caca rojaroAkha pUrA pADI zake tenA athavA potAnI apekSA ramANenA puruSa na maLe tyAM sudhI lagna na karavAnI vRtti janmI, paNa kudaratI kAmavRttine niyamanamAM na rAkhI zakAI. rivyuAge chUTachATanA kArDa ke braoNDa mAInDeDanesanA bahAne, zrIpuruSanA athAMchanIya sasaba ane vyavahAra vadhavA lAgyA. eka khAjI kAmamAM kuMvArApaNuM vadhatuM ja rahyu` che. (pArasI stInA dasa TakA bhAga nA 31 thI pa0 varSa vaccenI kuvArI trIonA che.) ane sukAna vage sahaja ja jAgelI jAtIya kRttinI bhUkha, asAmAjika ane anaitika saMbadhA janmAve che, 'hAlanuM" vAtAvaraNu ghaNuM ja kharAkha thaI gayuM che. khAsa rIne juvAna pArasI karIe pArakA chokarA ke puruSone gherIne kaDI rAkhe che. tyAre bIjAnAM mAthAMna ke. sInA vicAra karatI nathI....A badhu eIne kAmanA AbhAra bane ne khUba zarama lAge che. ' AvuM' te kAma mATe eka dasturajIne khavu paDayu che ke je kAma mATe eka yurApiyana musApha khyu hatu ke game teTalI rakama ApavA chatAM, kyubicAra mATe pArasI DhokarI maLI zakI nathI." A pArasI kAmanAM bApU paNa eTalAM kAMkalAM-namAM banyAM che ke, teo bIke * cAkarI ke chokarA ApaghAta karo nA ? pArasI kAme mAtAnA lagnanA kAyadA jyArathI DhIlA banAvyA che tyArathI rAmane mATe ghAva evu chUTA cheDAnu dUSaNa paNa sAtathI sagaNuM vadhyuM che. lagnamAM rItanI bhIkha ( paNuM )nu khUtra nara che. (chekarA taraphathI chekarIne lagna nimite apAtI roTane rIta (dAvarI) kahe che. have joke A badhu ghaTI cuM che. A maLeLyA pachI paNa, meAjazeAkha ane vilA satAnA jore, ke nAnI nAnI muzkelIthI anubhavAtA asaRSane kAraNe AvA chUTA cheDA vadhI rahyA che. jIvananI kAbU pravRttio thavAthI, peAtAnA sAthI pratyenI vaphAdArInA prajJAve, ane evAM ja anya kArAthI chUTAcheDAnI jema chuTA cheDA agenI vigatanI mAgaLa upara carcA che. ) sa. 1950nI AsapAsamAM te ApaghAtano pavana paNa mamAM khUba jorathI phukAyA hatA. A badhu ja kAma mATe, manI kAritA mATe ane astitva mATe paNa jokhama che. kAmanI saMkhyA ghaTatI ja jAya che, e vAstavikatA dara dasa varSe thatI vastI gaNatarInA AdhAre A vAta ke thatI rahI che. I.sa. 1961mAM pArasI paMcAyata bRhaka varanA sensasa DIpArTamenTane maLI. ane paMcAyatanI prayathI jyAM bhAratanI pArasI vastInA mATA bhAga rahe 187 che, te bRhad mu`baImAM vigate pArasI vastI gaNatarInuM kAryAM thayuM. ane tenA AdhAre, samagra pArasI komanA anumAne khyAla meLavAye1. Ama tAcIsa, rAma, cIna tathA khAsa karIne taherAnamAM pArasI javAnI dIna vyApyA hatA. Dana, amerikA, keneDA, jamanI vageremAM paNa pArasI vastI che. paNa te nahivat che. vizvanI pArasI vastInA meATA bhAga mukhyatve bhAratamAM ja che. A sakhyA 1961 nI vastI gatarI mujaba 100772 hatI. ane te bhAratanI kula vastInA, 02 (be sattAMza) bhAga jeTalI ja che. chatAM khAsa karIne vepAra-udyoga kSetre temanI asarakArakatA vastInA pramANamAM ghaNIja mATI che.) mA vastInA 17774 (17, pa8 TakA) gujarAtamAM ane 77542 (76.95 TakA) nA mahArASTramAM che. Ama pArasIo mukhyatve mahArASTramAM, ane temAMya khAsa karIne bRhad muMbaI (Greater Bombay) mAM lagabhaga 69.53 TakA) rahe che. mahArASTranI pArasI vastInA sahamAM vicArIe aa temAMthI 70065 (90, 45 TakA) bRhad mukhaimAM 1113 (1.43 TakA) thANAmAM 754 (27 TakA) nAsikamAM kATa (4.11 TakA) pUnAmAM ane 840 (1,8 TakA) nAgapuramAM rahe che. bAkInA sthaLe chUTaka chUTaka vastI vase che, jenA AMkaDA bahu mATe nathI. mukhyatve zaherI mAnasa dharAvatA bhAratIya pArasIonI kula vastInA lagabhaga 94.26 TakA bhAga zaherAmAM rahe che. mahArASTramAM nA A TakAvArI 99.12 TakA jevI U'cI che. grAmya vistAramAM rahetA pArasIe mukhyatve gujarAta rAjyamAM che, ane te kula vastInA lagabhaga 27. 17 TakA jeTalI sakhyAmAM che. atyAranI pArasI vastImAM Feminine Sex Ratio che. dara hajAra puruSe 1039 nA pramANamAM zrI bhAratanI vastImAM che, gujarAtamAM 1136nA pramANamAM ane mahArASTramAM 1017nA pramANamAM che. zaherI vistArAnI daSTie paNa Aja rIte pramANu strIonuM uMcuM che. zaherI vastInI dRSTie dara hajAra puruSe bhAratamAM 1047, gujayAtamAM 119, ane mahArASTramAM 1021nuM pramANu strIonu che. gujarAta sivAya anyatra gAmya vistAra mAM AthI viruddhanI sthiti che. samagra bhAratamAM 52, gujarAtamAM 1076, ane mahArASTramAM 629 srInuM pramANu

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188 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 varSa + + + | dara hajAra puruSe che. samagratayA vicAratAM 1891thI 1961nI bhAratamAM lAMbA samayathI pravezelA pArasIomAMthI. vacce pArasI vastInI vadhaghaTa nIce mujaba mAluma paDI chemuMbaImAM sarva prathama pArasI I.sa. 164mAM AvyA ema kula vastI AgaLanA varSathI noMdhAyuM che, paNa pArasIone muMbaImAM utkarSa I.sa.nI judA paDatA TakA sattaramI sadInA uttarArdhamAM aMgrejonA AvyA pachI tarata ja noMdhAya che. 19mI sadImAM muMbaImAM pArasIonI 1891 88887 sakhyA vRddhi khUba jhaDapI mAluma paDI che. ane 1813mAM 1901 94190 + 4.79 je vastI mAtra 5464 hatI, te 1872mAM 44091nI thaI 1911 100096 che. ane 1901mAM 46231 thaI che. (A AMkaDA muMbaI 1921 101778 1.68 zahera nA che.) A 19mI sadInA prathama caraNamAM ja 1931 106752 + 7.83 atyAranI pArasI saMcAyatanI sthApanA thaI hatI. muMbaI 1941 114890 + 4.68 zaheranA udyogIkaraNa sAthe sAthe dhIre dhIre pArasI vastI 1951 111791 2.70 zaheramAM kendrita thaI. A pArasIo ghaNuM kharuM gujarAtanA 1961 100772 - 9.86 najIkanA gAmomAMthI AvyA che. bhAratanA anya bhAgomAMthI A gaNatarImAM e spaSTa che ke 1941 sudhI che paNa pArasIo ahIM AvatA rahyA ane te tyAM sudhI ke vatta aMze pArasI vastI vadhatI rahI che. paNa tyArabAda bhAratanI pArasI vastInA 70 TakA vastI hAla muMbaI ghaTatI cAlI che. samagra bhAratanI vastInA vadhArAnI sAthe zaheramAM bRhada muMbaImAM vasatA 70065 pArasIo eTale pArasI vastInI vRddhi sarakhAvatAM A citra vadhu spaSTa thaze. tyAMnI kula vastInA 1.69 TakA bhAga che. pArasI puruSe varSa pArasI vRddhi bhAratanI kalA ane strIo anukrame tyAMnA puruSa ane strIonA 1,38 vastInI vRddhi ane 2.12 TakA che. muMbaImAM paNa pArasIo mukhyatve to khetavADI, gIragAMva, copATI, vAlakezvara, mahAlakSmI vistAra, 1901 thI 1911 + 6.54 + 5.75 1911 thI 1921 + 1.68 tAradeva, majhagAMva, tADadevI, nAgapADA, kAmaThIpurA, bhAya- 0.31 khalA, kolAbA, phorTa, erapleneDa (Esplanade) parela 1921 thI 1931 + 9.90 + 11.22 zIvarI, nAIgAMva, mATuMgA ane sAyanamAM kendrita che. 1931 thI 1941 + 2.72 + 14.22 1541 thI 1951 - 2.70 + 13.31 bRhada muMbaI rAjyamAM rahetA pArasIomAMnA 96.6 1951 thI 1961 - 9.86 + 21.51 TakA bhAratamAM janmela che. temAMthI 75.8 TakA mahArASTramAM A keThA pramANe zarUAtamAM pArasI vastI vadhatI (72.4 TakA bRhada muMbaImAM ane 3.4 TakA bAkInA bhAgamAM) rahI che. A sthiti kadAca pArasI-mRtyunuM pramANa anya 2.8 TakA bIjA rAjamAM (18.0 TakA bhAratamAM ane 2.8 vastInI sarakhAmaNIe ochuM hovAnA kAraNe che. sAmAnya TakA anya rAjayomAM) janmela che. bhArata sivAyanA ezirogane sAmane samagra vastInI sarakhAmaNIe pArasI yAnA bIjA dezomAM joIe te pAkistAnamAM 8 TakA vastIe vadhu karyo che. game te kAraNe paNa 1931 pachI A barmAmAM .2 TakA, cInamAM 1 Tako ane anyatra 1.8 TakA vastI vRddhimAM oTa AvatI gaI che ane koThAmAM batA- che. .2 TakA yuropanA dezamAM ane .3 TakA AphrikAnA vela chetalA be dasakAmAM to sAmAnya vastI ghaNA moTA dezamAM janmelA che. A jotAM, anya vistAromAMthI (khAsa pramANamAM vadhI che, jyAre pArasI vasatImAM ghaNo moTo karIne bhAratanA) muMbaI pAchA pharavAnI vRtti pArasIomAM ghaTADo thayo che (tyAra pachI paNa ghaTavAnI sthiti cAlu spaSTa varatAya che. (kadAca muMbaImAM pArasIo mATenI sakhAja che.) ghaTADAnI A pravRtti cAlu rahe che te jotAM, vatenA pariNAme) A pravRtti strIomAM paNa rahI che. bRhada 'pArasI kaimane nAza thaze?" evA prazna vAraMvAra pUchAya muMbaInA pArasIonI sarerAza uMmara bhAratanI kula vastInI (khAsa karIne te pArasI agraNIo dvArA ja). sarerAza uMmara karatAM vadhatI rahI che. (1901mAM te 294 Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 189 TakA hatI ane 191mAM 37.3 TakA hatI.) sukhaga cheDAnA kesa pArasI lagna adAlata" rUpI korTa sAMbhaLe (Sundbarg) nAmanA svIDIza AMkaDAzAstrIe Apela che. temAM purI paddhati cAlu rahI che. vyAvasAyika AMkaDAone jotAM sUcavI zakAya ke pArasI vastI e lagna salAhakAra byuro jevI keI saMsthA pArasIomAM ghaTatI jatI vastI che. temAM vRddhonuM pramANa ghaNuM UcuM che. nathI. pAchaLathI chUTAcheDA na levA paDe e khyAlathI kadAca ane bALakonuM ghaNuM ochuM che. Ama tenI vastI ghaTatI na paraNanArA pArasI puruSamAMthI 40 TakA to ochI Avaka ja javAnI saMbhAvanA che. pArasI vastI 1941 thI to ghaTatI ne lIdhe nathI paraNatA. 6.4 TakA raheThANanI agavaDane lIdhe, ja rahI che. ane ghaTatI rahe tevI zakyatA paNa che. sivAya pAMca TakA ochI Avaka ane raheThANanI e baMne agavaDane ke tene TakAvavA mATe phaLadrupatAnI vRddhi mATe bhAre yatna kAraNe, 6.1 TakA lagna mATenA aNagamAne lIdhe ane 4.6 TakA thAya. bhAratanI kula vastI sAthe pArasI vastIne uMmara pramANe yogya sAthI na maLavAne lIdhe apariNita che. A kAraNe puruSane sarakhAvatAM ane virUddha dizAmAM gati karatAM lAge che. khAsa avarodhaka lAgyAM che. 16. 4 TakA strIo lagna mATenA (bhAratanI kula vastI vadhatI jAya che, 5rasI vastI ghaTatI aNagamAthI, 11.4 TakA yogya pAtra na maLavAthI ane 5.00 jAya che.) paMdara varSanI uparanA apariNita strI purUSonI TakA ochI AvakanA khyAlathI paraNatI nathI. uparanI vigato saMkhyA anya vastInI sarakhAmaNIe pArasIomAM ghaNI parathI ema lAge che ke mukhyatve ochI Avaka hevI ane moTI che. lagnanuM pramANa uMmara vRddhinA kramamAM uttarottara lagnano aNagamo hovo te kayAreya na paraNavA mATenuM ane ghaTatuM jovA maLe che. pArasIomAM vaidhavyanuM pramANa ochuM ghaTatI phaLadrupatA mATenuM kAraNa che. strI zikSaNa paNa thatuM rahyuM che. (1901 mAM 160 hatAM; te 1961 mAM 33 A ghaTatI phaLadrupatA mATenuM kAraNa che. sAmAnyata : thayAM) te batAve che ke temanuM mRtyu pramANa ghaTayuM che phalavatI thavAnA varSono lAMbo samaya abhyAsamAM ane kayAreya na pa NelAonuM pramANa 1901 I. sa. thI puraSa pachI Career banAvavAmAM vyaya thaI jAya che. (zrI ane strImAM dhIre dhIre ghaTatuM cAlyuM che. 1931 mAM apa- esa. epha. desAIno A sArvatrika mata pArasIonI riNita strIonuM pramANa vadhyuM hatuM. te apavAda che.) 1931 bAbatamAM vizeSa sAce che.) pahelI ja vAra lagna karela sudhI te chUTAcheDAnuM pramANa paNa ghaTayuM hatuM.. paNa pachIthI strIomAM 16 varSanI nIcenI mAtra 1.6 TakA che. ane vadhatuM rahyuM che. joke 1961 mAM noMdhAyela chUTAcheDAnuM ke 20 thI 25 varSanI 24, 4 TakA che. tyArabAda uMmara vadhaalagatAnuM pramANa ghaNuM ochuM AvyuM che. tAjetaramAM ja vAnI sAthe sAthe lagna prama Na ghaTatuM cAlyuM che. 15 thI 69 "pArasI anA" nAmanA mAsikamAM chUTAcheDA aMgenI vigata varSanI pariNita strIomAMnI 55.8 TakA strIo 30 varSanI tAravI batAvI che. temAM spaSTa darzAvyuM che ke dara dasa pArasI umara pahelAM paraNela che. 30 thI vadhu uMmaranI 8.5 TakA lagna ekAda to chUTAcheDAmAM pariName che. pArasIomAM ane 35thI uparanI 2.5 TakA che. Ama eTaluM spaSTa che chUTAcheDAnI TakAvArI kadAca bhAratamAM sauthI vadhu che. muMbaInI ke pArasI strI 35 varSanI vaye pahoMce pachI tenA lagnanI pArasI paMcAyatanA AMkaDA mujaba 1971 mAM noMdhAyelA zakyatAo nahivat bane che. 15 thI 69 varSanI strIomAM 466 lagnamAMthI 58 to chUTAcheDAnA mATe taiyAra che. A pitAnA ja lohInI sagAImAM paratI strIo 14.3 TakA koIpaNa samayanI TakAvArI karatAM 12 TakA vadhu che. 1973mAM che. lagna mATenI moTI vayane ane 30 varSa pachIthI pArasI lagna adAlatamAM 26 dAvA chUTAcheDA mATe noMdhAyA lagnanI zakayatAne khyAlamAM rAkhatAM temanI potAnI ja che. temAMthI lagabhaga 20 madhyama varganA ane ochI Avaka- lohInI sagAImAM paNa pAnI vRtti ghaTatI jAya che. lagavALA hatA. cha kissAmAM strIo, sAta kissAmAM puro bhaga 58 TakA strIo potAnI mAtAnA saMbaMdhIomAM ane bIjA sAtamAM baMne vAdI tarIke hatAM. AmAMnA paraNI che. potAnI mAsInA putra sAthe paraNanAra 23,3 14 dAvAmAM te tyajavAnI ja bhUmikA hatI. cAramAM, TakA che. (anya lehI-saMbaMdhamAM sothI vadhu) ane mAnA lagnanA adhikAro pUrA na karavAnuM kAraNa hatuM. be bApanI benanA putra sAthe 19,6 TakA paraNe che. 17.4 TakA kistAmAM nirdayatA hatI. AmAMnA 50 TakA daMpatI te strIe e potAnA sagA kAkAnA putra sAthe lagna karyA che. acAMvALAM paNa hatAM. kevaLa pArasI komamAM ja chUTA- nalagnanuM pramANa kula lagnanA khUba a95 pramANamAM Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 (9 TakA) che. paraNIne bIjI kemamAM vaTalAvAnI vRtti hitonI saMkhyA moTI che. tethI je vastI vadhAravA vyavapArasI strIomAM vizeSa che. bhaNataranI sAthe sAthe pArasI sthita yatna na thAya to AvatAM 50 varSamAM A koma strIomAM kayAreya na paraNanAranuM pramANa vadhatuM jAya che. lagabhaga nAmazeSa thaI jAya. bhArata rASTranA pravAhamAM samarasa na paraNelI strIomAM abhaNa 3.7 TakA ane bhaNela 15.6 TakA banIne vikAsa sAdhaka, dariyAva dilanI ane khAnadAna che. prAthamika zikSaNa pAmela 17.6 TakA, meTrika sudhI bhaNela pArasI komanI A sthiti eka ApattirUpa che. rASTranA 38.6 TakA ane AgaLa bhaNela 50 TakA jeTalI strIo che. eka agatyanA aMgano thate vilaya che. meTrika upara bhaNelI 25 thI 29 varSanI chokarIomAMnI 3/4 bhAganI kayAreya paNa nathI. na paraNelI strIomAM 30 zrI goravAlAe A mATene doSa pArasI o para ja thI 39 varSa sudhInI meTrIkathI vadhu bhaNela strIo 50 kaTa henyo che. pArasIomAM pravartatA romenTIkanA vyApaka khyAla che. pArasIo Ameya anya vastInI sarakhAmanImAM ghaNA (dUSaNane lIdhe teo jaldI paraNavAnuM pasaMda karatA nathI. meDA paraNe che. lagna karavAnI uMmaranuM UMcu pramANu ane sukhI ane sagavaDabharyuM jIvana pasaMda karavAnI vRttine lIdhe pariNitonuM ochuM pramANu temanI alpa phaLadrupatAne sama- paNa moTuM kuTuMba temane khapatuM nathI. zrI goravAlAnA ja javA mATenuM pUratuM kAraNa che. lagna moTI uMmare karavAne zabdomAM kahIe te, pArasI yuvAna keI chokarI sAthe premamAM pavana ane pariNita yugalanA ya pramANamAM ghaTADo jotAM hovAnuM mAne che. 400-500 rUpiyAnI AvakamAM, A ema lAge che ke hajI paNa temanI phaLadrupatA ghaTatI jaze; chokarIne bhAgIdAra banAvavAnuM tene gamatuM nathI. vadhu kamAya ane te evI paristhiti paNa Ave ke pArasI varatI vadhu nahiM tyAM sudhI rAha jovAnuM te nakkI kare che. kyAreka ne vadhu ghaTatI jAya. tenI sAthe paraNavA tatpara na paNa hoya chatAM yuvAna tenI pAchaLa bhamyA kare. (premanI mAtra bhramaNAthI) chokarI bIje bALakonA janmanuM pramANa paNa ghaTatuM jatuM noMdhAyuM paraNI jAya athavA A yuvAna sAthe joDAvA taiyAra na thAya che. 45 thI 69nI uMmaramAM paraNelI strIomAMthI 11.1 to tyAM sudhImAM A yuvAna ekalA rahevA ane pitAnI TakAe to eka paNa vAra garbha dhAraNa karyo nathI. Avaka potAne ja mATe kharcavA TevAI jAya che. ane pAMca ke tethI vadhu bALakane janma ApatI mAtAnI lagnano vicAra tene aNagamate lAge che. AvI manavRtti saMkhyA paNa ghaTatI rahI che. A uparAMta, vaNI karaNa daDha thatAM saMtAna nirmANanI tenI zakti ghaTe che. ane phalataH paNa A kome apanAvyuM che. sAmAnyataH puruSo karatAM kemane nukasAna thAya. yuvAna strIone paNa A bAbatamAM soo A prakriyA vizeSatayA apanAve che. (strIonI moTo avAMchanIya hise che. potAnI mAtAe pitAne AvI saMkhyA 7.4 TakA che. jyAre puruSanI .7 TakA che.) mATe karyuM che tevuM kAMI ja karavAnI temanI taiyArI nathI. kuTuMbanI maryAditatAmAM mAnatI pArasI strInI vRtti ahIM ane teo mAtRtvanI sUga anubhave che. sAdAImAM temane spaSTa varatAya che. Ameya, hindu, muslima, ke khristI saMtoSa nathI. varaNAgIpaNuM game che. A badhuM ja pArasI strIonI phaLadrupatAnI sarakhAmaNIe pArasI strIonI vastInA ghaTADAmAM javAbadAra che. A uparAMta bhAratanI phaLadrupatA to beMgaloramAM thayela sarve mujaba ochI mAluma pArasI vastI ghaTavA mATenAM keTalAMka kAraNu nidezI zakAya. paDI che. (ane kamazaH ghaTatI gaI che.) tethI anya ke meTe bhAge muMbaImAM rahetA keTalAka videza jAya che, tyAM karatAM temanA kuTuMba ghaDyAM nAnAM noMdhAyo chemuMbaIthI sthira thAya che. keneDA, IgleMDa ke amerikAmAM che lAM thoDAM aMgrejImAM prasiddha thatA mAsika "pArasIAnA"nA prathama varSamAM pArasI vastI vadhI che. tAjetaramAM ja yugAnDAthI aMkamAM Do. e.DI. garavAlA sajAga rIte spaSTa lakhe che hAMkI kaDhAyelA pArasIo kampAlAthI keneDA gayA che. Ama ke pArasI kema sAme sauthI moTo bhaya tenI uttarottara pArasIone videzamAM vasavATa vadhato rahyo che. ane anyataH dharatI jatI saMkhyA che. temaNe AMkaDA paNa ApyA che saMtati pramANa ghaTatuM rahyuM che. A baMne paristhiti sAthe ke thoDAM varSa pahelAMnI 120000nI pArasI vastI, Aje vicArAya to A kAma mATe spaSTataH jokhama varatAya che. 85000 jeTalI che. 22 thI 40 varSa vaccenA avivA- I.sa. 195ra thI pArasI janmapramANa ghaTayuM che ane Jain Education Intemational

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smRti sadabha graMtha mRtyu pramANa vadhyuM che. bALakonuM maraNa pramANa dhIre dhIre 6.1 TakA puruSo ane 7.7 TakA strIo Tuberculosis, ghaTayuM che. ane navajAta zizunA mRtyunuM pramANu badalAtuM Cancer,Congenital malformations, jevA chronic rahyuM che. I.sa. 1955 mAM janmapramANu noMdhapAtra rIte diseases thI pIDAya che. dara hajAre dasa pArasI hadaya ghaTayuM che. ane te 1960 sudhI lagabhaga teTaluM ja rahyuM che. rogathI ane 4 pArasI mAnasika jevA rogathI pIDAya che. 1961 mAM temAM noMdhapAtra vRddhi jaNAI che. 1951 thI pArasI kemamAM keLavaNInuM pramANu gaurava laI zakAya 1961 sudhImAM (apavAda bAda karatAM) mRtyunuM pramANa vadhyuM tevuM che. bRhada muMbaImAM 1901thI 1921 sudhI, pArasI - che. I.sa. 1955 thI mAMDIne ema paNa jovA maLe che ke strI-puruSa ubhayamAM keLavaNInuM pramANa satata vadhatuM rahyuM che. pUrvanA janma pramANa karatAM anugAmI varSanuM mRtyu pramANa 1931mAM bannemAM A pramANa ghaTayuM hatuM. paNa 1961mAM - vadhatuM rahyuM che. bALakonuM mRtyu pramANa paNa Aja rIte je te uMmaranA puruSo karatAM je te uMmaranI strIonI vadhu rahyuM che. Aja rIte bhAvimAM je janma pramANa karatAM keLavaNInI saMkhyA vadhu che. 1901 nA varSamAM keLavaNInuM mRtyu pramANa vadhatuM rahe te ghaTatI jatI pArasI vastI pramANa ghaNuM UMcuM hatuM. ane te 1961 nA muMbaInI TUMkA gALAmAM ja ghaNI ochI haze. samagra vastInA keLavaNInA pramANamAM paNa vadhu hatuM 1961mAM to pArasI keLavaNInuM pramANa muMbaInI samagra vastInA briTIza zAsana daramyAna gujarAtanA ane dezanA paNa pramANamAM ghaNuM moTuM che. 1961mAM pArasI strIonI keLajAhera jIvanamAM ane vividha pravRttiomAM sakriya rIte vaNInuM pramANa brahada muMbaInI samagra zrI vastInI keLavaNInA -bhAra vahana karanArA A komanA loko moTI saMkhyAmAM hatA. pramANamAM bamaNuM che. strIo jeTaluM moTuM pramANa na hovA gujarAtanA ghaDataramAM to temano phALo gaNanApAtra che ja. chatAM, pArasI puruSa-keLavaNI paNa anya vastInA pramANamAM briTIza zAsananA aMta pachI pA2sIonuM varcarava kadAca ghaNI vadhu hatI. 1961mAM 15.23 TakA puruSo ane 26.91 -ghaTayuM haze, ane rASTranA navA pravAhamAM anukULa thavAnuM TakA strIo DigrI zikSaNa vinA zikSita mAluma paDyA che. temane na paNa phAvyuM hoya to paNa che. AneDa teyabInA A pramANa anya vastInA pramANamAM banne jAtIomAM zabdomAM eka samanvayazIla ane garavI saMskRtinI A ochuM che. kula zikSita pArasIonA 35 TakA puruSo ane pIchehaTha duHkhada gaNI zakAya. gujarAtamAM AgamanathI 43 TakA strIo prAthamika zikSaNa pAmelAM che. A pramANu mAMDIne teo gujarAtanA ane dezanA aMgarUpa banI anya vastInA pramANamAM ochuM che. jyAre bAkInAM badhAM - rahyA che. videza vasatA pArasI paNa temanI AgavI ja zaikSaNika kSetre pA2sI strI purUnI saMkhyA anya vastInA pArasI gujarAtI bhUlyA nathI. bhArata ane gujarAtanI pramANamAM vadhu rahI che. ucca zikSaNa gata dasakAomAM paNa amUlya saMrakRti praNAlI ane tenA utkRSTa namUnAnuM darzana pArasIomAM khUba svAbhAvika rahyuM che. temane maLatI zaikSaNika amerikAne karAvanArA zrI hIrAmANeka muM maInA pArasI taka ane sagavaDane kAraNe temaNe ucca zikSaNano dora gRhastha che. eka TrasTanA nirmANa dvArA temaNe bhAratIya savizeSa jALavI rAkhyo che. ane temAMya ArTasa karatAM kalAnuM eka sarasa pharatuM myujhiyama amerikAmAM karyuM che. sAyansa ane hunnara vepAranA zikSaNa prati khAsa jheka jevA besTanA saMgrahAlayamAM A pradarzananuM uddaghATana thayuM hatuM. maLe che (pArasIo vividha kSetre UMcA sthAne jovA maLe temAM gujarAtanA cAkaLA, caMdaravA, lAkaDAnI nakazIdAra che, tenuM kAraNa gagya keLavaNInuM UMcuM pramANa ja haze.) pUtaLIo, peTI paTArA, vagere gujarAtanI janakalAnA adabhuta Primary sectors mAM pA2sIo nagaNya saMkhyAmAM che. citro temAM hatAM. AvI gujarAta para RNa dAkhavanAra pArasI temanuM mukhya kSetra to Tertiary sector che. nokarI kAma ghasAI jAya, tenuM duHkha sau koIne hoya. khAsa karIne sivAyanA vepAra vANijya tathA gharagaththu udyoga sivAyunA pArasI yuvatIo ane yuvAnonA sakriya yano ja A utpAdanamAM pA2sIo vadhu rokAyelA che. jyAre vAhana vyava AbatamAM vadhu upakAraka banI zake sAmAnya rogono sAmano hAra ane saMdezA vyavahAramAM tenA pramANamAM ochA che. karavAmAM saphaLa A kema vizeSa taMdurasta che. A ullekha pArasI kAmadAromAM nirakSaratA mAtra 1.20 TakA che. jyAre sAthe e paNa noMdhavuM joIe ke samagra pArasI vastInA mahArASTramAM te 68.65 TakA ane muMbaImAM 3, 55 TakA che.) Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 sAmAnyataH lagabhaga badhA ja pArasI kAmadAro bhaNelA che. jIMdagI jIvavAnA niyamo zAnA AdhAre racavA? e praznane vRddhAvasthAnA pArasIomAM nirakSaratA jovA maLe che. paNa yuvAna uttara je zAstra Ape ne "astA". "gAthA (jemAM dAdara peDhImAM to keLavaNI vyApelI che. mahArASTra ane brahada muMbaInA ahuramajhada svayaM kahe che ke mArAM zikSaNane barAbara samaje * bina vyavasAyIonI dRSTie joIe to pUrNa samayanA (mAtra te eka ja nara mane atyAre mAluma paDe che.-te sprItama * bhaNatA) vidyAthIomAM pArasI strI-puruSonuM pramANa vadhu che. jarathostra che.)mAM A "avastA' zabda mULarUpe nirdiSTa lAge gRhakAryamAM rokAyela strIonuM pramANa paNa muMbaI ane mahAna che. tenA hA (535)mAM "veda-duma daenA bIza avyastA - rASTranI vastInI sarakhAmaNIe moTuM che. bIjI bAju mAtra ahuma vadhaheleza manaMghA"--e vAkyamAM Avato "abdastA" bIjA para AdhAra rAkhanAra azakato ke bALakanuM pramANa zabda kadAca "avastAranuM mULa rUpa che. tyAM ema kahyuM che - pArasI strIo ane puruSomAM ghaNuM ochuM che. nivRtta ke "bhalAM mananI aMdagIno abhyAsa karavA tame dIna vaDe pArasI strI-puruSanuM pramANa vadhu UMcuM che. nokarI na karatA vAkepha thAo." abhyAsa karatAM karatAM "AIbIsa-khUba - pArasI strI-puruSanuM pramANa mahArASTranI vastInA pramANamAM kasAyelA, banI zakAya. A arthamAM "avastA" gayA moTuM che. pArasI strIonuM pramANu A daSTie muMbaInI (kharekhara) kasoTInI parIkSA che. pUre deha avastAnI prAcIna strIonA pramANamAM moTuM che, jyAre puruSonuM pramANa hastapratamAM "mAMthaspensane phArasI artha zaha karanAre ochuM che. nokarI na karanAramAM moTe bhAge gRhakArya ja (TIkAkAre) "avatA" karyo che. A rIte, tamAma phAyado karanAra karatI AdheDa vayanI strIo ja vadhuM hoIne temAM pUrNa mAgra-vANI (AptavAkaya) te ja "avastA" ane "avastA" - samayanI vidyArthInIonuM pramANa ochuM che. A thaI eTale bhalA maMtro. purAtana o9mAo e rIte "avatAne * bhautika keLavaNI ane vikAsanI vAta. dharma ane utkarSanI "ejamatI kalAma" (camatkArI maMtra) kahetA hatA. TUMkamAM keLavaNa paratve paNa A prajA teTalI ja sajAga che. cAri. jarathostI dharmanA pAyArUpa, mAMDyavANIthI bharapUra, ekAda canA dhaDatara mATenA je jarUrI upAya che te badhA gayA (lAgaNI)ne TakAvanAra ane pegaMbaronI bazAratathI utpanna - AlAta" che. saMskAra-sAdhana (Symbol) che. ane temane thayele kiMmatI vicArono bhaMDAra eTale "avastA" che. te 1 nirdeza karatA graMtha ke vicAra-saMgraha te temanA AdhAra Azare ATha hajAra varSa prAcIna che. (A prAcInatAnA graMtha che. saMdarbhamAM e paNa eka mata che ke IrAnanAM IrAnI Aryadharma ane bhAratanA vaidika dharma vacce ghaNuM sAmya che. A bAbate sarva prathama nideza "avastA" na karI (IrAnanA Arya ane bhAratanA Arya mULa eka ja Arya zakAya. A "avastA" zabda vera-jANavuM To Know parathI saMdhanA hovAthI) tethI bhASA, dharma, vicAradhArA vageremAM AvyuM che. ane e rIte jANavAnA jJAna mATe je zabda paNa sAmya che. A IrAnI Arya-dharmanA AdhAra para, vaparAya che. te ja artha "avastA'no che. +veta= je IrAnanA mahAna payagaMbara a jarathura jarathostI dharma jANavA je hatuM te pitAnA payaMgaMbara mAraphate Izvare pravartAvyo. Ama A dharma taddana navo nathI, paNa ati je uttama jJAna zIkhavyuM hatuM te prerita sAhitya "avastA' prAcIna che.) AkramaNakhoroe saMskRtinI sAthe sAthe gaNAyuM. khudAnuM potAnuM DahApaNa potAnA khAsa "yajhada- saMskAra sAhitya paNa naSTa karyuM. patnInA kahevAthI ja gaMje sareza' ma raphata jarathustra sAhebane ApyuM ane te pegaMbara zaphIgAna ane gaMje zAyagAna jevI samRddha lAyabrerIo jarathue majakura avastA" (jAhera thayeluM bAtenA arthAta bALI naMkhAI. sIkaMdaranA vakhatamAM nAza pAmela te pavitra. gupta rahasyamaya jJAna) duniyAne ApyuM. Ama "avastA' sAhitya "avastA' saMkalita karavAmAM AvyuM. chaMda avaeTale Izvare bazArata kIdheluM jJAna parA vidyA- Supersc- stAmAM lakhAyela "khuradeha [ paracuraNI avastA" have eka ience. Aja rIte kurAna-kalA mullAha-IzvaranAM vacane, AdhAra graMtha banya, nAza pAmatA sAhityane bacAvavA mATe barAyala pharitAe mahaMmada sAhebane ApyAM hatAM.) ekavIsa kuTuMboe avastA-jJAnanA ekavIsa nuska moDha, avatA" to vicAra-AcArane AdhAra che. stA eTale karI lIdhA. temAMnAM vIsa kaTuMba nAza pAmyAM. ane je , bApita karavAne Teke) teja "AsthA ne pAya che. arthAta bacyuM te kabe 'vaMdIdAda' ApyuM. teneja "dadata nuska* Jain Education Intemational Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 193 kahe che. duzAsana jevA vazIkaraNa mAnA gAma gurunIte, 'navarAja' che. muMbaImAM te divase navarAja mukhAraka'nI sattA eka kALe pramaLa hatI. prajA te 'uMstAda'nI guDA gIrIthI trAsI gaI hatI. tenA vAmamAgI sAthIA hAka phATa ane mArapITa vaDe peAtAne sapradAya calAvatA aSe jayuddhe duAsananA pitAne rAjadarabAre harAvI hAMkI kaDhAvyA. ane lokone nava-prakAza baDhyA. jaradhAstI dInanA Ama AraMbha thaye.A jathAstI ddIna je pALe che te hAvarDa vIdo vaoN-AvarDa puarDa' arthAt jarathrusra sAhebe zIkhavela vaDhIdAda'nA niyama pALavA adhAyelA che. A niyamanA saha sAsAnIyana jamAnAmAM pharIthI cAyelA eka daphtara naska ( nuka )'mAM karavAmAM AnyA. ane tenu ja nAma vI dovAdAta che, tene ja TUMkamAM ' vaMdIdAda ' kahe che. eka rIte (AnA AdhAre rahela) jaracAtI dInane ja vahIdAda' evu bIjI" nAma apAyu che. atyAre, jazanamiTi, adhAranAna maDaLa, rAhumAya, rotumAM mAjhayana sakhA, vagere jevAM aneka maDaLA salAmI apAya che. ane bIjA divase 'sAla mubAraka' thAya che. eka anya mata mujaba, gata varSanA chellA divasane ja patetI' kahevA joI e. te mATe te kAraNa Ape che ke A chellA divase ja AkhA varSanA hiMsAba meLavIne, kharAbIthI pAchA pharavAnu che. A TeTa (pateta) mAya vAje, dastura samakSa ane jumana samakSa thatI. kadAca tethI, jazana' jema, ghaNA gheADA eka sAthe, moTA avAje pAnAnI paTeDa jAheramAM karatA haze. A parathI e divasanu mukhya kA-AvA jAhera karAra hovAthI tenuM nAma paTeTI paDyu haze. khAre mAsanA te te nAmanA divase paNu patri tahevAra manAthA che. hA.ta.1-kuvaraDIna', prathama mAsa che. tenA 19 mA divasa phakarIna' pavitra che) visa ane rAta sarakhA hoya che. te 21mI mArcanA divasa jamoDI navarAja tarIke ujavAya che. 6 A AdhAragraMthanA sahAre dhajJAna Ape che. (alakhatta dhajJAna lenAranI saMkhyA ghaTatI jAya che. peAtAnA tahevAronA svIkAramAM paNa ucca jIvananA Adaza che, pazcAtApa vagerenA khyAla che. ' patetI' e AvA mukhya taheAra che. pateta zabdamAM (paItI-pAkA ane Ita-kula) Returned Back Returned khATA mAtra tyajIne pharIthI sAcA mArge AvelA; evA artha che, cirAtta viveka vaDe pAte karelA kAnA sANasAnA vicAra karavA te pomAnI che. aMtaHkaraNane vAraMvAra tapAsavuM ane sva-sudhAranI dhagaza rAkhavI jarUrI che. pomAnI' eTale rahevuM' ke duHkhI thavu, tema nathI. raDavAthItA daranI hiMmata ghaTe che. pazcAtApa sArA che-jo te kAMI nakkara mArga cIMdhe te, ane teja * patela ' che. A pateta " mAtra yAcika, kai khuradeha vastAnuM vAcana karavA pUratI maryAdita nathI. temAM te vicAra-vANI ane vartanathI trividha rIte pApamAMthI pAchA pharavAnuM che. (pomAna pase zavazanI pa patetAya ) pApanuM mULa manamAMthI kADhI, tenA jArkaramAM ekAra karI. chUpu pApa vyakata karavuM ane pachI karaNImAM tenA pratyAghAta ApavA joie. AvA yatna dvArA, sAcA mArge AvanAra ane pU abhyAsa karIne IzvaranA niyamo samajI zakanArane 'khudAzenA sa'peAtAnA svarga taraphanA pravAsamAM savalata thAya che. strI ke badhA pArasIe sAthe maLIne jame, vagere aMgenA utsavane gAhambAra (gA-sthaLa-ambAra bhegA thavu kahe che. pahelAM te A mATe phUDa paNa ugharAvAtuM hatuM. hAla te ochuM thAya che. sAmAjIka ekaya ane bhAvAtmaka ekatA mATe AvuM jarUrI che. samAja vyavasthAnI dRSTie hindu paraMparAnI jema ja, A kAmamAM paN thAra nI vyavasthA karma (dhadhA) pramANe karelI che. Azravana (athavana athavA athAranAna) te brAhmaNa che. rathestAra (rthanI icchAvALA ratha + istAra)te kSatriya che. vAstayeASa ( kheDUta va, udyogI vaga ) vaizya che. ane phutAkSa (dareka kArIgara vaLa) te zudra che. sAmAjIka vyavasthAnA khyAlathI AvA bheda pADavA che paNa te mAtra upalakIyA che. va tA ekala ja che, " * A vAtanI pratIoi dehanAM atIma satkAra mATe apanAvA yedI eka ja sarakhI rIta rasama jotAM thAya che. gujaratAnI kAzano nikAla karavAnI pArasI rIta lagAga bIna kharcALa che. mRtadehane pakSIe khAI jAya ane te rIte ati varAzrI lAzano nikAla thAya. A badhu jhaDapathI thavAthI, sUkSma kahema' nAmanuM kAlabu ane temAMnuM prANabhUta tattva uzatAna' paNu jaldI vikherAI jAya che. ane AtmAne 8 * " kahe che. keTalAkanA mate A patetI' navA varSanA prathama divasa che. joke New (year) day ne mATe kharA zabda puruSa, nAnAM ke moTAM, amIra ke garIba, keAI ja jAtanA bheda vinA A aMtIma samakAra' eka sarakhI gehAna " "

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194 ane tyArabAda eka sarakhI ArAmagAha' saune maLe che. ahI ke I ja bhedabhAva nathI. mRtyu khAda, smaraNa cihana tarIke keAI kIti sta Mbha, samAdhi ke kabara jevuM paNu anA vAtuM nathI. peAtAnI azeAI (pavitra-bhakSI ) karaNa dvArA khuzakhu prasarato rahe teja pUratu che. mRtyunI gaMbhIra sattAne eka vAstavika agatya ApatI A nirADabarI rIta pArasI ee apanAvI che. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 (ema. eDI. sI. ela/ ekasayuni.) kahe che ke svAsthya (Sanitary)nI dRSTie pArasIenI lAza nikAlanI rUDhI sa'pUrNa che. 'mI. esa. ela. kalemensa (mAtAna) te sAzcaya kahe che ke maranAranI lAzemAMthI nIkaLatI gaMdakIthI jIvatAMne rakSaNa ApavAnI A sapUrNa rUDhIthI ajAyabI thAya che. amadAvAdanA dastUra zrI narImAna e pathakIe paNa zrI vakIlanA prastAvane rakriyA ApIne tevA leAkeAne 'kahevAtA sudhArakA' narIke oLakhAvyA che. vakhADayA che....astu sAmprata saMdarbhomAM A aMge eka bhAre vivAda Ubhe thayA che. mubaInI pArasI paMcAyatanA agraNI TrasTI zrI zyAvakSa Ara. vakIle jAta tapAsanA AdhAre ema noMdhyu che ane pacAyata samakSa rajuAta karI che ke pakSo ghaTI u vAnA kAraNe athavA game te kANe paNa pakSIo dvArA deha nikAla pUrepUrA thatA nathI. ane zaba paDavAM rahe che, saDe che. muMbaInA jevI ja dazA karAMcI; kalakattA; (surata jIllAnA) bhesANa, rAhera, bhADA, aDA jaNu, IcchApura, kuDIyANA, IlAva, vagere gAmamAM ane mahArASTra tathA madhyapapradezamAM paNa pravarte che. A sa jAgemAM kAma vAstavikatAnA vicAra karIne. mRtadehanA nikAla mATe koI anya vikalpa vicAre; evu sUcana paNa temaNe karyuM" che. ane muMbainI pArasI keme A pahela karIne sarvasaMmata ukela mATe AgaLa Avavu joIe. ema paNu umeryuM' che. (khristI dharmAMmAM chUpI zraddhA dharAvatA keTalAka hamadIna pArasIe hajI peAtAnA bezIne kabrastAnamAM dATe che temAM mAna samaje che.) A mATe temaNe agratAkrame agni dAha, dATavu ane dariyAne havAle karavuM, evA vika9) paNa sUcavyA che ane kahyu che ke zakUvA sivAyanI anya paddhatie zakhanA nikAla karavA pArasIe Icche tenI aMtima dhArmika vidhi karAvavA sAme, ApaNA pureAhita sAmenI manAI dUra karavI joie, e prathamakAya che. zrI vakIlanA A nivedananA javAkha 'jAme jamazeDha' (tA 29-73nA) mAM muMbaInI pArasI paMcAyatanA bIjA cha TrasTIee ApyA che. ane zrI vakIlanI vAtane bina pa.yAdAra batAvI che. muMbaImAM DuMgaravADI khAte pakSIo pUratAM che ane lAzaneA nikAla kharAkhara thAya che. dAmenazInI'nI rUDhI, saghaLI sArAmAM sArI rUDhIemAMnI eka tarIke temaNe gaNAvI che. A rUDhI ArAgya zAstra pramANenI ja che ema paNa temaNe umeyu" che. mAnIyara vIlIyamsa lekhanA samAropa karatAM eTalu doharAvavAnuM mana jarUra thAya ke bhArata rASTranA aMgabhUta anela A kAma punaH sajAga ane, peAtAnuM astitva TakAvI dRDha rAkhavA sAthe, peAtAnA jIvana dvArA dezane azeAInA rAha cIMdhavA AgaLa vadhe ane nija rASTra pratyetu ktavya nibhAve sau jatheAstIne A mATe pAka paravaranA zukara zujAye chIe.... zrI DuMDAsa sevA sahakArI maMDaLI mu : DuMDAsa (tA. mahuvA) (ji. bhAvanagara) sthApanA zera bhaDALa tA. 28-6-54 91745 16999 8021 zubhecchA pAThave che anAmana kuMDa anya kuMDa jasamata nANu paTela maMtrI nAMdhaNI nakhara 903 parazeAtama rAmajI pramukha

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha grAmapaMcAyata-gAriyAdhAra ( jillo bhAvanagara) gAriyAdhAra grAma paMcAyatanI vividhalakSI sidhio gAriyAdhAra tAlukAnA vizALa hitamAM paMcAyate nIcenI siddhio prApta karI che, paMcAyatana TAMcAM sAdhanonI madAmAM parA herane chAta viyAvA, sAta vezi gadhA Ta, sAta voTarasTenDa, cha kuvA, be pAtALa kuvA, se mutaraDI-jAjarUo ane bagIcAonI suvidhA thaI zakI che. paMcAyata pAse TrekaTara, Trelara, nAITa se isa Trekara, eN 5, ane khetIvADI ejAra paNa che. gaMdA pANInA nikAla mATe gaTara kama kalIna ane 6 mAIlanA DAmara reDa che. () keLavaNI kSe me dhAbAmaDhava La cAra lAkha che kiMmatanuM hAIskUla tathA kayA zALAnuM makAna tathA be bAlamaMdira, vyAyAma maMdira, be lAIbrerI jevI sa teka lAkhane askayAmata vALI prayaTI che. hAIskulane traNa hajAra vidya ta bha I. hane che lAbha lIdho che. ane dezavideze ke kaTara, Ijanera, vakIla zikSaka, khetIvADI 1iNAta, AyAya, vyApArI vagere dhaMdhAmAM A gaLa vadhela che. zALAnuM pariNAma 60% upara rahe che. ane prejhekaTare, epIDAyA 5 jevA kiMmatI sa dhanathI sajaja che. 82% vidyAthIone vinA mUlya pustaka ApavAmAM Ave che. ane saMsthA prathama kakSAnI vidyAthI bacatabeMka dharAve che. grAmapa cAyata dakSa TAIparAITara vALa Ara. vI. gosaLiyA nAmane TAIgavaga calAve che. sAdhAraNa avakavALA vidyArthIo mATe a bara carakhA jana na ca dai aMbara carakhA vasAvavA mAM AvyA che. mahilA pravRtimAM zivaNavargo calAvI sAta bahenenA jIvanane upayogI banI zakI che. A uparAMta garIba mANuo mATe mata pleTo, madhyamavarga vasAhatanI yojanA mATe paMcAyata gatizIla che. sukhI sajajanene vinaMtI paMcAyatanA TAMcA sAdhanamAM virATa sAmAjika kAryo mATe paisAnI jarUrIyAta svAbhAvika rIte rahe. paMcAyata pAse je vividha saMsthAo che, teno nAmakaraNa vidhI mATe dAnavIrazrAe AgaLa AvIne amane lAbha Ape tevI vinatI che. keLavaNI kSetre vividhalakSI hAIskUlanuM cha lAkhanI kiMmatanuM makAna ba dhAvavAnuM che. sAthe- sa tha bAlamadira ane udyo gamaMdira mATe anya be makAne darakhAsta nIce che. kanyA vidyAlaya, hirAudyoga, vikAsa mATe audyogika vasAhata vigere kAryo mATe sahu sukhI sadgagRhastho mATe sthaLanAM baMdhane choDI AgaLa AvI amara bhagIratha kAryomAM sahakArano hAtha laMbAvavA amArI vinaMtI che. mehanalAla dharamazIbhAI paTela - 25 ya gAriyAdhAra grAma paMcAyata, zubhecchA pAThave che zubhecchA pAThave che. zrI vAMgara sevA sahakArI maMDaLI mu : vAMgara (mahuvA tAluke) (ji. bhAvanagara) sANaMdara sevA sahakArI maMDaLI mu sANaMdara (ghoghAmahAla) zerabhaMDoLa 22230 anAmata phaMDa 1680 anya phaMDa 80 noMdhaNI naMbara sabhya saMkhyA 10600 85 zera bhaMDaLa rUA. 4pa940 madhyama mudata dhIrANa 55200 thApaNa 7000 meTA kheDUta dhIrANa 1,56891 rIju phaMDa 4004/97 kheDUta sabhya 138 ubhaDa sabhya 22 khATAbhAI ukAbhAI zelANuM rAmajIbhAI dharamazIbhAI maMtrI pramukha pravINacaMdrabhAI maMtrI vya. ka. sabhya : ceDAbhAI cethAbhAI popaTabhAi mAnazagajI pramukha Jain Education Intemational ducation Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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196 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 Phone : 33 80 99 Gram : FINESTEFL Telex : 011-29 64 TSC TEEDEE STEEL CORPORATION Importers and Stockist : Tool & Alloy Steel, High Speed Steel, Die Steel, Stainless Steel, En Series & Light Roofing Sheets. Dist. for Maharashtra : Light Roofing Ltd, Madras. Office : 84, Memonwada Road, BOMBAY-400 003. 333771 STOCKIT & DEALERS IN: Phone : 336354 HIGH SPEED STEEL NIKHIL TRADERS H. C. H. C. O. N. N. S. CARBON STEEL SILVER STEEL SPRING STEEL STAINLES STEEL EN-SPECIFICATION STEEL & M. S. Shop: 49/61, 3RD KUMBHARWADA, BOMBAY-400 004 GRAM : NIKHISTEEL RESI. : 33 1439 Vinod Jhaveri Branch: 10/1444, MOTIPOLE GOPIPURA, SURAT-2 PHONE : 27478 BOMBAY POONA RD. KASARWADI, POONA-18 PHONE : 28692 Jain Education Intemational temational ForP nal Use Only

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kaMboDiyAnA jaMgalamAMthI maLI AvelAM khaMDiyere sAkSI pUre che hiMdu saMskRtinA phelAvAnI pASANanagarI aMkorathoma zrI. rAmana mahetA dakSiNa eziyAno kaDiyA deza e Aje eka vasAveluM. A nagara vistAra pAmyuM, temAM ziva ane mahatvanA deza tarIke jANIto che. 69,000 corasa mAIla viSNunAM maMdiro baMdhAyAM. sana 1113 thI 1150 nA kALa pradezamAM patharAyelA A dezanI bhUmi para nadIo, sarovaro, daramiyAna bIjA sUryavarmAe aMkeramAM pracaMDa ImArato jaMgalo vagerenI samRddhi kudarate chUTA hAthe verelI che. baMdhAvelI 1177 thI 1180 nA arasAmAM caMpA (hAlanuM kamboDiyAnI vasatI hAlamAM 50 lAkhathI paNa vadhu che. viyeTanAma)nA lokoe naukAyuddha karIne mera lokone AmAMnA moTA bhAganA loko mera vaMzanA che ane teo harAvyA. paraMtu sAtamAM jayavarmAe mera lokone hAMkI gautama buddhanA anuyAyI che. A kamboDiyAnI prAcIna kADhayA. sAtamA jayavarmAe ja sane 1181 thI 1220 nA rAjadhAnInuM nAma akarama hatuM. aMkerathama eTale kALa daramiyAna aMkorano vadhu vistAra karyo, baso varSa mahAnagara, pachI eTale ke 1431 thI 1432 nA varSamAM thAya lokoe aMkerane ghero ghAlyo ane mera rAjAne harAvyA. A prAcIna nagarIne itihAsa bhAre abhuta ane romAMcaka che. kaMboDiyA ke kaMbuja deza para hiMdu saMskR AjanA kaMbuja athavA kaMboDiyA dezanA prAcIna tinI chApa khUba ja jovA maLe che. aMkArAmanAM je aMkorathe mane Avo lagabhaga be hajAra varSa pahelAMne avaze Aje jovA maLe che temAM paNa bhagavAna ziva ItihAsa che. A itihAsanAM moTAM bhAganAM pAnA pASANu ane viSNunA maMdire ane rAmAyaNa mahAbhAratamAM jenuM nagarI akarAmanA zilAkhaMDo para vAMcavA maLe che. tyAMnA varNana maLI Ave che tevA aneka devanuM darzana jovA maLe loko; rAjAo, dharma, AcAra vicAra, ImArata, kaLA, che. aMkerathama nagarI athavA aMkoraveTa maMdira vasAvanAra saMgIta, ramato, utsava vyApAra, yuddha kauzalya deva-devIe, rAjAnAM nAme paNa bhAratIya che. zi95 saMskRti vagerenuM darzana Aje ujajaDa avasthAmAM bhagna pahelA aMkanA ekeeka paththaramAMthI thaI zake che. I.sa.nI zarUAtamAM bhAratIya loko vasAhata ane akaranuM nirmANa koNe karyuM? tyAM kayA kayA rAjAo thaI vyApAra mATe kabuja tarIke oLakhAtA e bhAgamAM jaI gayA? tyAM kayo dharma cAlato hato? tyAMnI saMskRti kaI? pahoMcyA. prAcIna mera rAjAno udaya eja arasAmAM thayelo tyAMnuM aizvarya koNe UbhuM karyuM? e pASaNanagarInuM patana ane e pradezamAM saMskRtinI mAMDaNI paNa eja samayamAM zI rIte thayuM ? kALanA jhaMjhAvAtamAM e nagarI kevI rIte thaI. sane 802 thI 850 nA kALamAM pratApI rAjA jayavarmA nAza pAmI ? vagere aneka praznonA uttaro haju Aje paNa bIjAe kabujanA saMyukta rAjyanI sthApanA karelI. teNe ItihAsakAro ane saMskRti premIo zodhI rahyA che. akarapitAnI rAjadhAnI akora najIka vasAvI hatI. AgaLa themane eke eka paththara itihAsanI koIne koI dardabharI jatAM sana 889 thI 1100 nA samayakALa daramiyAna pahelA ghaTanAno mUgo sAkSI banIne paDe che. A prAcInanagarI yazovarmAe yazodharapura nAmanuM eka zahera kera najIka sAva bhUlAI gayelI hatI, koIne te yAda paNa rahI nahotI. Jain Education Interational Jain Education Intemational

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198 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 enI Aju-bAju ghaNI gIca jhADI UgI jatAM e gADha samakSa rajU karyuM. prAcIna ImArate; killAo, daravAjA; jaMgalamAM DhaMkAI gaI hatI. pUla vagerenI bAbatamAM paNa saMzodhana daramiyAna jaNAyuM ke kilAnA daravAjA para caturmukha lokezvaranI mUrti mUkavAmAM lagabhaga 112 varSa pahelAM sana. 1861mAM ke * AvatI hatI. saMzodhakone aMkereTa nAmanuM zrI viSNunuM nisargazAstrajJa hennI mehata kaMboDiyAnA jaMgalomAM pharato bhavya maMdira paNa maLI AvyuM. A maMdiranuM zikhara basa hato. keIe tene A nAza pAmelA nagaranI daMtakathA phUTa UMcuM che. bAvAna tarIke oLakhAtuM zivanuM ane kahelI. eTale sthAnika mizanarI lokonI madada laIne lokezvaranuM maMdira paNa atizaya bhavya ane vizALa che. ane teNe tyAMnA jaMgalo khUMdatA khUdavA mAMDyA. pagapALA vizALa che. ane tenA para hiMdu saMskRtinuM darzana karAvatuM jaMgala khUMdatA tene aMkera nagarI maLI AvI. gIca zipakAma paNa che. aMkeAreTa devamaMdiramAM ekanI aMdara jhADI vacce chupAIne paDelI aMkaranI bhavyatAno zarU eka evA traNa cerasa maMDapa che ane sabhAmaMDapa paththaranA AtamAM tene pUrepUro khyAla Avyo nahoto. chatAM paNa se thAMbhalA upara Ubho karAyelo che. akarAma nagarInA aMkaeNra nagarInA suMdara rastA; rAjamahela, pUla kilA; pravezadvAra para vijayadvAra para deva dAnava rakSakenI 108 zi95kAma vagere joIne te Azcaryacakita thaI gayo ane mUtio che. e khaMDera pAchaLa paNa koI bhavya saMskRtine itihAsa dharabAyelo paDyo che tene tene khyAla Avyo. AvuM bhavya AvI aMkeranagarI prAcIna hiMdu saMskRtinuM darzana nagara koNe baMdhAveluM ? koNe tyAM vasavATa kare ? tyAMnA karAvavA samartha che. sana 803 thI 1431 sudhI A nagalokoe vizALa nagarIno tyAga kayAre karelo? zA mATe? rImAM mera saMskRtine sUraja tapato hate. vaibhavanI tyAM vagere aneka prazno harI mahete kamboDiyana lokone pUchavA relamachela hatI. ItihAsakArono aMdAja to e che ke mAMDayA. koI e tene kahyuM ke, ghaNAM varSo pahevA devadUtee aMke rathama nagaranI vasatI dasa lAkha jeDalI hevI joIe A nagaranuM nirmANa kareluM. koI e tene jaNAvyuM ke khuda tyAMnA lokone mukhya udyoga khetI; mAchalAM pakaDavAM; Izvare ja A kimi kare. koIe vaLI tene khAtarI ImArata bAMdhavI, yuddha karavuM vagere hovA joIe, khetara pUrvaka kahyuM ke, A nagarI koI mAnavIe ke devadUte banAvI teDatAM ane pAkelAM phaLa utAratAM tyAMnA loko utsavanathI paNa e to ApoApa taiyAra thayelI. svayaMbhu A samAraMbha yojatA. cokhAnI Ahuti ApatA. varasamAM traNanagarInuM nirmANa thayeluM! vAra pAka meLavatA pATa baMdhArA ane pANI puraThAnI uttama A badhA uttaro herIne lAgyuM ke A bhavya ane vyavasthA tyAMnA lokoe karelI temanA pustako cAmaDAnAM, nagarIne khara teo jANatA nathI. kALanI thabaDo khAIne dhULa tADapatra para lakhelAM jaNAyA. tyAM manusmRti ane vedone cATatI A abhuta nagarIthI badhA loko aMjAI gayA che; abhyAsa thato hate. paNa A nagarInI ImAratonAM avaze sAmAnya lokone divya svarUpanAM vAge temAM paNa navAI paNa zuM ! paraMtu te pachInAM tyAMnA zi95kAmamAM goLa kamAna jovA maLatI varSomAM itihAsakAroe ane prAcIna vAstu vizAradoe nathI. zaMkara ane viSNue temanAM mukhya devo hatA. aneka aMkera nagarI viSe UMDuM saMzodhana hAtha dharyuM. prAcIna devI detatA; yakSa-kinnara AsarA; devadUta; ane rAmAyaNa mera rAjAnI e rAjadhAnI hatI ane tene doDha-be hajAra mahAbhAratanA prasaMgonuM sajIva citraNa tyAMnA zi95kAmamAM varSano ItihAsa paNa temanI najare caDayA. yazedharapUra ja jovA maLe che. aMkaeNrathama; aMkoravATa; kheDakhAna; nekapena; AgaLa jatAM aMkara thama sudhI kevI rIte vismaratuM gayuM tAsoma; priyarUpa; tAprema; bAtaIdaI vagere nAmanA pAcIna tenuM paNa temaNe saMzodhana karyuM. maMdiranA bAMdhakAmane, maMdire A pASANunagarImAM che. keTalAMka maMdire te mUrtiono zilpakRtione, raDatAone, kalAkRtio vagere rAjamahela jevA bhavya lAge che. utkRSTra dharma ane saMrano lAgatA vaLagatA viSayanA niSNAtee abhyAsa karyo kRti; utkRSTa rAjya paddhati, zikSaNa vyavasthA, nItimattA ane prAcInakALanA tyAMnA saMpUrNa jIvananuM saMzodhana duniyA vagere aMkeranagarImAM jovA maLe che. zilpakalA mUti Jain Education Intemational Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 19 kaLAmAM to tyAMnA lokee sAdhelI pragati atizaya Azcarya bIjA jayavamAM nAmanA rAjAe aMkera ane kaMbupamADe tevI che. januM saMrakSaNa karyuM. mera rAjAoe potAnA rAjyanA rakSaNa mATe be lAkha hAthIone keLavIne taiyAra karyA hatA; e vakhatanI ekaMdara samAjaracanA viSama hatI. prAcIna temanI pAse bANa phekanArAM yaMtro hatAM. akeranI samRddhine paddhati pramANe tamAma hakIka; badhe vibhava rAjavI loko ane kAraNe ja tenA para videzI AkramaNe vadhatAM gayAM. thAya amIra umarAvo hastaka rahetA. bahu saMkhya prajA gulAma lenDa, jAvA ane cI no DoLe kAra para pahelethI ja ja rahetI. A gulAma moTI moTI ImArato ane maMdiro hato. chelle to zayAmI lokoe mera rAjAone hArAvyA bAMdhatAM. jAtajAtanI agni parIkSAomAMthI pasAra thaIne haze tema mAnavAmAM Ave che. prajAjano pitAnI nirdoSatA sAbita karatA. temanA keTalAka -rIti-rivAje Aje acaMbo pamADe tevA hatA. e jamA- jhADI ane jaMgalo vacce paDelAM A bhagna nagarInAM nAMnA lokomAM mANasa marI jAya tyAre tenAM zabane kApaDa khaMDiyero prAcIna hiMdu nagarInI sAkSI pUre che. athavA caTaimAM vIMTALIne gAma bahAra kUtarAM ane gIdhaDAene khAvA mATe mUkavAmAM AvatuM. vAraMvAra yuddha prasaMgo AvI paDavAthI jIvana-vyavahArane bhAre asara thatI. loko nAnA-moTA jahAje bAMdhIne mAchalAM pakaDavAno udyoga karatA. bhAre vajanadAra sAmAnanI heraphera hAthI mAraphate karAtI. zubhecchA pAThave che rAjA-mahArAjAo vaibhava-vilAsamAM rahetA. dAgInA dhanadolata; eza-ArAma vagerethI temanuM jIvana samRddha hatuM. keTalAka rAjAonI dharma niSThA vakhANavA jevI che. bIje jayavarmA nAmano rAjA zivajIne upAsaka hato. pahelA cazovarmAe aMkerane vistAyu. yuddhamAM rAjA pote bhAga letA. laDAImAM vijaya maLyA pachI ThAThamAThathI vijaya saraghasa kADhavAmAM AvatuM. temAM tamAma lokone AnaMda-ullAsa pragaTa thato. rajavADAM ane maMdiramAM vipula saMpati ekaThI thayelI hatI. tA pehamanA maMdiramAMthI maLI AvelA eka lekha uparathI jaNAya che ke, tyAM jIvavarmAnI mAtAnuM putaLuM UbhuM karavAmAM AveluM. varmAnI mAtAnuM nAma prajJAparamitA hatuM. tyAM bIjI paNa 260 mUrtio hatI. 18 purohita; 2740 brAhmaNuM; 2232 sAdhAraNa nAgariko, 615 natikAo tyAnA utsavamAM bhAga letAM hatA e eka ja ThekANe - lagabhaga 80,000 lokonI vasatI hatI. temane khorAka mukhyatave bhAta, mAkhaNa, dahIM, maracAM; tela masAlA vagere hatA. tyAMne khajAno khUba ja samRddha hatuM. 11,000 paDa -vajananAM te senAnAM vAsaNa hatAM. eTalAM ja vajananAM cAMdInAM vAsaNo hatAM. 35 sArAmAM sArA hIrA hatA 40 620 pANIdAra metI hatAM 4500 ratno hatAM. A badhe vaibhava mera rAjAoe pitAnA parAkramathI UbhA karyo hato. zrI sanALA sevA sahakArI maMDaLI lI. mu : sanALA (pAlItANA tAluke) . (ji. bhAvanagara) sthApanA tA. 18-2-63 noMdhaNI naMbara 6859 zerabhaMDoLa 26860 sabhya saMkhyA 72 anAmata phaMDa 114 sabhyone khAtara biyAraNa vigere purU pADavAmAM Ave che. sevAdAsa raghurAma maMtrI bharUbhA rUpasaMga pramukha Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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200 Office: 327273 328341 Resi Gram 360896 EVERTRUST SATISH TRADING COMPANY IMPORTERS & DEALEKS ICI & CIBA IMPORTED DYES 296, SAMUEL STREET BOMBAY-3. Phone: 341134-341665 STANDARD TRADING CO. (GOVT. RLY. Contractors) Office Stationery, DRAWING and SURVEY instruments H. O. 43 EZRA Strect Calcutta-1 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 REGIONAL OFFICE 223 Himalaya House 79 Paltan Road, BOMBAY-1 Phone-267850 Phone: 31286 With Best Compliments Fron ELASTICA RUBBER WORKS Manufacturers of :CYCLE TYRES and Moulding ARTICLES Brands PAVANDOOT TOOF AN NYLON FINISH & PEACOCK 388/8 Opp Ambawadia NARODA Road, P. O. SAIJPUR BOGHA AHMEDABAD With Best Compliments From DHALL ENTEPRISES & ENGINEERS PVT. LTD. P. O. SAIJPUR BOGHA AHMEDABAD Manufacturers of Processing Machinery for Cotton & Woollen Textile Mills

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baudhdha dharmanI pUrvAbhimukhI yAtrA bhAratIya saMskRtinA agragAmI duta bhAratIya saMskRtinA videzeAmAM prasAra karavAnuM mukhya zreya baudhdha dharmane phALe jAya che. mauya samrATa azAka, kuSANu nareza kaniSka ane maMgALanA pAla narezeAnA prAtsAhana ane - mazAla pracAra jhuMbezane laIne aneka bauddha bhikSue, AcAryo, saMtA ane vidvAnee videzeAmAM jaine bauddha dharmanA prasAra karyAM. vaLI bhAratanA anya dharmane mAnanArA rAjavIoe paNa dharyuM sahiSNu nIti apanAvI hAvAthI bauddha dharmanI eziyAnA dezomAM vakhateAvakhata pharatI rahI. A prakriyA lagabhaga khArasA varSa (I.pU. trIjIthI I.sa.nI dazamI sadI sudhI) cAlI. lakA, madhya eziyA, cIna, jApAna, kAriyA, khAtAna, tibeTa, nepALa, brahmadeza, sileAna, ke beDiyA, jAvA, sumAtrA, malAyA vagere dezeAmAM bauddha dharmanA prasAra thayA. e dezAmAMthI bauddha tIrthAMnI yAtrAne nimitte temaja bauddha zAstronA abhyAsa karavA mATe auddha dharmanA anuyAyIe ahI AvavA lAgyA. tyAMnA rAjAoe paNa pravRttine preUtsAhana ApyuM. pariNAme bhArata sAthenA e dezonA saMbadhA gADha anyA. bhAratanA vizeSa saMparkane laIne e dezeA para bhAratIya saMskRtinI amiTa chApa paDI. tethI baudhdha dharmane bhAratIya sarakRtinA videzamAM gayelA 'agragAmI kRta' gaNavAmAM Ave che. videzeAmAM bauddha dharmanuM sAmAnya svarUpa sara Arela sTAIna nAmanA purAtatvavide khAtAnanI AsapAsanA vistAromAM khAdakAma karAvyuM tyAre tyAMthI aneka auddha dharmanI videza yAtrA prAraMbha karAvavAnu zreya mauya samrATa azokane phALe jAya che. azAke A dharmane rAjayAzraya ApIne tenA vyApaka prasAra karAvyA. tenI pahelAM bauddha dharma kevaLa magadha (bihAra) jevA eka prAnta mAtrane dharma hatA. jo azeAkanI dharma-pracAranI bhAvanA A dharmane prApta thai na hAta tA tenI sthiti paNa jaina dharma jevI ja hAta. azAke peAtAnA putra mahendra ane putrI saMdhamitrAne sauMddha stUpa, maTha, budhdha ane bIjA hiMdu deva-devIenI pratiprathama pracArakArya mATe sileAnamAM mekalyA tyArathI silena mAe bhAratIya bha SAeAmAM lakhelA grantheAnI tADapatrIya hastasthaviravAdI bauddha dharma (hInayAna)nuM mukhya kendra banI rahyuM. tyAMthI e dhama brahmadeza, siyAma (thAilenDa) ane koDiyAmAM phelAye.. Ama A dezeAmAM hInayAna baudhdha dharmanI pradhAnatA che. azAke suvaNu bhUmi (malAyA sumAtrA)mAM paNa dharma pracArakA mAkalyA haiAvAnu jaNAya che. te jevA purAvazeSo, prApta thayA hatA. sTAIne lakhyuM che. ke tyAMnA khaMDerAmAM pharatI vakhate mane jANe krAi prAcIna bhAratIya nagaramAM pharatA hAu evI lAgaNI thatI hatI. bhAratanI uttara pUrvamAM tibeTa, cIna keriyA, maMgoliyA ane jApAnamAM mahAyAna bauddha dharmanI pradhAnatA che. samrATa kaniSkanA samayamAM mahAyAnanA udaya thatAM, e samrATanA praya --DaoN. pravINa parIkha. tnAthI mahAyAna dharma cInamAM paheoMcyA. cInamAMthI te kAriyA thai jApAna pahoMcyA. khIjI mAju cIna ane nepALanI asarathI tibeTamAM paNa prasaryAM, Jain Education Intemational audhdha dharmanI sAthe tenAM sAhitya ane kalA paNa e dezamAM prasaryAM. bhAratamAMthI kALa khaLe baudhdha dharmanI nyAta mujhAI gaI, paraMtu temAMthI anya dezeAmAM pragaTelA tenAM dIvaDAe hajI tyAM jalatA rahyA che. cInamAM praveza ane prasAra prAcIna khAtAnanI paraMparA anusAra azekanAM eka putra kustane tyAM che. pU 240 mAM eka vasAhata sthApI hatI. pustananA prapautra vijayasa bhave khAtAnamAM baudhdha dharma sthApyA tenA samayamAM bhAratamAMthI Aya vairecana nAmanA baudhdha upadezaka khAtAnamAM gayA hatA. ahI' pahelA vihAra I. pU. 211 mAM baMdhAyA. paraparA anusAra kheAtAnamAM bhAratIya rAjava'zanI 56 peDhIee rAjya karyuM. hAvAnu jaNAya che. A rAjAonA kAlamAM madhya eziyAnA khAtAna ane najIkanA pradezamAM, cheka kAspiyana samudrathI mAMDIne cInanI dIvAla sudhInA vistAromAM vasanArI badhI prajAee bauddha dharma agIkAra karyAM. I, sa. nI pahelI sadImAM kaniSka mokalelA sarvastivAdI (mahAyanI sAdhuenA prabhAvathI A vistAramAM hInayAnane sthAne satra mahAyAna auddha dharma pracalita banI gayA. baudhdha dharmanAM ahIM lagabhaga cAra hajAra jeTalAM kendro hatAM A kendromAM aneka vidvArA, caityA ane madi AvelAM hatAM. madhya eziyAmAMthI I. sa. pahelI sadImAM boddha dharma cInamAM praveza karyAM. A aMge cInamAM eka maneAraka kathA pracalita che. i. sa. 68 mAM cInI samrATa miga-tIe spapnamAM eka vizALakAya svarNa puruSane potAnA mahelamAM dAkhala thatA joyA. teNe peAtAnA darabArIone svapnanI ghaTanAne

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202 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 artha pUche, tyAre temaNe kahyuM ke te pazcimanA saMta budha(cInI ane cInI bhASA para apUrva saphaLatA prApta thaI hovAthI kumAranAma pho ke phegnA AgamananuM sUcana kare che. svapnathI jIva pitAnA anuvAdomAM potAnA pUrogAmI dharma pracAra prabhAvita thayelA rAjAe bhAratamAMthI baudha AcAryone laI ane anuvAdake karatAM vizeSa spaSTatA ane vizeSa epa ApI AvavA mATe potAnA tarasAI Ina, sigiDDAM ane vADa svA zakyA (kumArajIvana ca vasAna (I. sa. 413) samaye uttara nAmanA traNa rAjadUta mokalyA. teo madhya eziyAmAM bhramaNa cInanI 9 /10 janatA baudhdha dharmanI anuyAyI banI hatI. karatA AcArya kazyapa mAtaMgane pitAnI sAthe laI gayA. ane A vistAramAM aneka vihAro baMdhAI gayA hatA. A thoDA samayamAM dharma ratna paNa cInamAM pahoMcI gayA. kazyapa arasAmAM phAsthAna nAmane cIna bauddha yAtrI bhAratamAM bauddha mAtaMganA prabhAvathI rAjA siMga-tIe bauddha dharma aMgIkAra tIrthonI yAtrA karavA AvyuM te pitAnI sAthe agatyanA bauddha karyo. cIna jevA sabhya dezamAM dharma-pracAra mATe cInI che temaja bAddha pratimAo paNa laI gaye. bhASAmAM lakhAyelA graMthanI AvazyakatA hatI. kazyapa mAtaMge sarvAstivAdI tripiTake ane bIjA baiddha graMthonA anuvAdana chaThThI sadImAM thayela liyAMga vaMzane samrATa tU tI (I. sa. kAma upADyuM. hanakAla I. sa. - rara ) daramyAna cInamAM 502 549) cIna azaka gaNAya che. te baddha dharmane gayelA aneka bhAratIya viddhAne e baddha graMthane cInamAM sakSaka ane saMzleka ane pracAraka hatuM tenA samayamAM tripiTakanAM cInI anUdita karavAnuM kArya karyuM. A samaye ddha dharmane cInanA sarakaraNa saMrakaraNa sarva prathama taiyAra thayAM. cInamAM zraddhanA cAna dhyAna sthAnika dharma mate sAthe saMgharSa karavo paDe. saMpradAyanI sthApanA karanAra bodhidhame rAjA vRtI sAthe saMlApa karyo hato. vUtI pahelAM kanphayUzyasa dhamane kaTTara cInamAM kanphayucchasa dharmane rAja darabAro ane sAmata- anuyAyI hatuM, paraMtu 40 varSanI uMmare paocinha nAmanA vaga para vyApaka prabhAva hato. e loko bauddha dharmane barbara parivrAjakanA prabhAvathI teNe bauddha dharma aMgIkAra karyo tyAra mAnatA hatA paNa vAstavamAM konphayUzyasa dharmanI apekSAe pachI khUba ghana kharcane potAnI rAjadhAnI nAnakiMgamAM mahAAdhyAtmika utkarSanI vicAradhArAnI bAbatamAM bauddha dharma vihAra baMdhAvyA te nirAmiSa bhejana karavA lAgyA. ane adhika vikasita hato. bIjI bAju cInanA tAo dharmanI bhikSa jevuM jIvana jIvavA lAgyo. te lokone dharmopadeza tArika vicAradhArA karatAM bauddha dharmanuM tattvajJAna UMDuM ane paNa ApatA. teNe traNa vAra saMsAra tyAga karyo hato, paraMtu vyApaka hatuM. vaLI bhAratIya bauddho ane temanA ziSyonA be vAra maMtrIonI samajAvaTathI te saMsAramAM pAchA AvyA pavitra jIvanane paNa leka para UMDo prabhAva paDyo hato. A hato. vU-tIe rAjyamAM jIva hisa-niSedha karyo hate. lekene badhAM kAraNone laIne bauddha dharma cInI dharmo sAthenA saMdha- vastro para paNa prANIonA citra kADhavAnI manAI karI hatI. rSamAM vijayI nIvaDe. cInanA bhadra vage paNa bauddha dharma kAraNa te vastrane phArDavAmAM Ave che tethI te prANIone apanAvyA pachI tenI zreSThatA puravAra karavA prayatno karyA. paNa vadha thavAne saMbhava hato. teNe dhAtu (buddhanA dehAvaze). hanakAlanA aMtamAM thayelA mAUnsTiUe "vAtikabhASya lakhyuM. nI pUjAne paNa pretsAhana ApyuM. teNe phUnAna ( kaDiyA)nA temAM kanphayUzyasa ane lAeOnA siddhAMto sAthe bauddha rAjA pAse purohita mokalIne tyAMthI buddhanA eka vALane dharmanA siddhAMtanI tulanA karIne bauddha sidhdhAMtanI dhAmadhUma pUrvaka maMgAvyA hatA. ane te vALanI pratiSThA karIne zreSThatAnuM pratipAdana karyuM. mAU tsika jevA vidvAnanA tenA para stUpa UbhuM karyo hato. rAjA vR-tInA prayatnothI lakhANeno zikSita cInavAsIonA mana para prabhAva paDe. bauddha phelAve lagabhaga pratyeka cInI gharamAM thaye. chaThThI teo navAgaMtuka bauddha dharma tarapha AkarSavA lAgyA. sadInA uttarArdhamAM 30 hajAra jeTalAM bauddha maMdiro ane 20 I. sa. 265 sudhI cInamAM bauddha dharmano pracAra dhIredhIre lAkha jeTalA bauddha pure hitenI saMkhyA thaI gaI. I. sa. thayA, paraMtu trIjI sadInA uttarArdhathI chaThThI sadI sudhImAM A 548 mAM bhAratamAMthI cInamAM AvI vaselA AcArya paramAthe pracAra tIvra gatie thayo. trIjI sadInA aMtamAM cInamAM, nAnakiMga zaheramAM rahIna 22 varSa sudhI bauddha dharmano pracAra ahIM 17068 baiddha maMdira hatAM. A kAlanA rAjA e baddha ane saMskRta graMthanA anuvAdanuM kArya karyuM. temaNe cInamAM dharmane rAjyAzraya ApavAne laIne tenA pracArano vega vacce bauddha dharmanI vijJAnavAdI vicAradhArAne phelAvo karyo. AmAM cothI sadInA veI rAjavaMza tsina vaMza ane tsinavaMzanA tAMgavaMza (I. sa. 618-907)nA rAjAone samaya rAjAone phALe agatyanuM che. tsinavaMzano rAjA yaoksiMga cInI bauddha dharmane suvarNakALa gaNAya che. A vaMzane sthApaka kaTTara bauddha hato. tenA samayamAM prasiddha boddha bhikSu kumArajIva rAjA eTU bauddha dharmano virodhI hatA, paraMtu tenA uttarAcIna gayA (I. sa. 401 : rAjAe temano ghaNe Adara karyo dhikArI tAMga rAjAo bauddha dharmanA prabaLa protsAhaka banI kumArajIvanI adhyakSatA nIce 800 vidvAnoe maLIne kuo gayA temanI budhdha bhakatane lai ne "tAMga-phe" je rUDhiprayoga jeTalA baddha graMthanA cInI saMskaraNa taiyAra karyA kumArajIve pracalita thaI gaye. tyAM kaI vyakti custa baudha hoya to tene cInamAM mAdhyamika siddhAMtane sarva prathama pracAra karyo. saMskRta tAMga phe (tAMganA je budha bhakata kahevAmAM Ave che. paNa vadha thavAne, mAM kanphayUyasa ane sAtsie vAtikanA karyA Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha tAMgha rAjAonA Azraye 27 anuvAdakoe 380 jeTalA baudhdha graMtheAnA zudhdha cInI anuvAda karyAM. I. sa. 70mAM taiyAra thayelI eka graMthasUci anusAra e samaya sudhImAM 2278 jeTalA audhdha graMtha bhAratamAMthI cInamAM pahoMcIne cInI anuvAda pAmyA hatA. taMgakAlanA anuvAdakAmAM prabhAka mitra, audharuci, divAkara jevA bhAratIya ane yuAna svAMga ane itsiMga jevA cInI vidvAnono phALe agatyano che. prasiddha cInI zramaNa yuAna-svAMganI baudha dharma ane darzananA abhyAsa arthe karelI bhArata yAtrA vikhyAta che. i. sa. 69mAM teNe bhArata mATe prasthAna karyuM. ane i. sa. 645mAM te cInamAM pAche pharyAM. nAla'dAmAM AcArya zIlabhadra pase vijJAnavAdanA darzanano abhyAsa karyo. pAMca varSa sudhI nAlaMdamAM rahIne baudhdha sAhitya ane brAhmaNa sAhityano abhyAsa karyAM. cInamAM pAchA pharatI vakhate te pAtAnI sAthe 657 saMskRta graMthAnI haratapratA, budhdhanI dhAtuenA keTalAka avazeSa ane keTalIka pratimAe lai gayA hatA. yuAna-cyAMge 19 varSa sudhI zAMta citta 75 jeTalA saMskRta graMthAna cInI anuvAda karyA. temaja keTaluMka maulika sAhitya paNa racyuM. te kevaLa anuvAdaka ke sAhityakAra ja na hatA. te mahAna ciMtaka paNa hatA. anuvAdanI prakriyA daramyAna teNe AcArya paramAnI vijJAnavAdI vicAradhArAno pUrNa paNe svIkAra na karatAM eka navIna dhArAne janma ApyA. yuAna gvAMge karelA 75 anuvAdomAM 40 graMthe abhidhama piTakane lagatA che. itsi Mge vinayapiTakane lagatA graMthAna! anuvAda karyA che. te paNa vinayakalA, piTane lagatA graMthAnI zeAdhamAM i.sa. 673mAM bhAratamAM Avye hatA. te peAtAnI sAthe 400 saMskRta graMthA laI gayA hatA jemAMnA 56 graMtheno teNe cInI anuvAda karyAM hatA. e badhA saMskRta graMtho lupta thaI gayA che. AThamI sadImAM bhAratamAMthI cInamAM gayelA AcAya *vadhi ane amedhavana potAnI sAthe tAMtrika baudhdha dharmane laI gayA. i sa. 746mAM 500 graMthe sAthe cIna poMcelA ameAdhavane tyAM 28 varSa sudhI rokAine 108 graMtheAnA cInI anuvAda karavA uparAMta vajrayAna baudhdha dharmAMno vyApaka pracAra karyAM. AthI cInanA baudhdha dharma para taMtravAdano paNa prabhAva paDavA lAgyA. tAMgavaMza pachI baudhdha dharmAM cInamAM 11mI sadI sudhI vikasato rahyo. eka pachI eka baudhdha AcAryAe bhAratamAMthI tyAM jaIne audhdha dharmanI jyeAtane jalatI rAkhI. 12 mI sadInA aMtamAM muslimeAnAM jhanUnI AkramaNathI bhAratanAM baudhdha vidyApITha ane aneka maDAno nAza thayeA temaja ghaNA baudhdhanI katala thaI, tyAra pachI bhAratamAMthI baudhdha dharmanI jyAta bujhAI gaI tenI sAthe cIna sAthenA saMskRtika saparka paNa lupta thai gayA. bIjI bAju cInamAM paNa baudhdha dharma para tibeTI lAmAvAdanI asarane kAraNe tenuM svarUpa dUSita banavA lAgyuM 203 tethI dhIme dhIme tenI leAkapriyatA ghaTatI gaI. tema chatAM cInanA dhaniSTha mahAyAnI baudhdhoe viparIta a'jhAvAtamAM paNa peAtAnA zudhdha AcAra ane ciMtana dvArA audhdha dharmano dIpaka jalatA rAkhyA. chellA be hajAra varSoMthI cInamAM DerA nAkhelA baudhdha dharme cInI javana ane vicArA para UMDo prabhAva pADayA che. baudhdha cInamAM punarjanma, kArya-kAraNa sidhdhAMta ane iha karmatu phaLa baudhdhanA cira-bhaMguratAnA sidhdhAMtanA cIna kavi ane anyatra paNa bhAgavavuM paDe che vagere bhAratIya vizvAse phelAvyA. kalAkAro para UMDo prabhAva paDayA. baudha dhame cInavAsIomAM UMDI-dharyuM-bhAvanA ane zradhdhAnuM ghaDatara karyuM, jene laine tyAM mahAna kalAkRtionI racanA thai. yuna kADa-huD mena ane tuna huAGa vagere sthAneAmAM AvelAM baudhdha smAraka tenAM uttama udAharaN che. AmAMnI tuna huAph eka parvata karIne karelAM aneka vihAra-guphAo che. A guphA sadgusa buddha zukAne nAme prasidhdha che. A guphAo I. sa. nI cAthIthI chaThThI sadI daramyAna karAyelI che. guphAe lagabhaga 911 mITaranI lakhAimAM che. racanA paratve A guphAe ajaMTA, ileArA ane khAghanI baudhdha guphAene maLatI che. guphAomAM mahAyAna saMpradAyane lagatI seMkaDA pratimAe ane zilpA karelAM che. emAM budhdha, edhisattvA, ah tA, devatAo ane manuSyAnAM dainika jIvananAM dRzyA zilpita che. A zilpeAmAM bhAratIya gaMdhAra kalA ane cInI kalAnA manehara samanvaya thayele che. cInI dharma, darzana ane sthApatya tathA zilpanI mAphaka tyAMnA vijJAna ane saMgIta para paNa bhAratIya prabhAva pA che, cInamAM bhAratIya gaNita ane jyAtiSanA abhyAsa tathA bhAratIya auSadhinA upayAga paNa baudhdha dharmAMne AbhArI che. kAriyAmAM thaine jApAnamAM, cInamAMthI i. sa.nI ceAthI sadImAM maudhdha dharma keriyAmAM pahoMcyA ane tyAMthI te jApAnamAM pravezyA. e samaye koriyA dakSiNa-pazcimamAM pAka-ce rAjya ane dakSiNa pUrvamAM silA traNa bhAgeAmAM vibhakata hatu. uttaramAM ke rAjya hatuM, rAjya hatuM. koriyAmAM sarva prathama baudhdha dharmane praveza kayu rAjyamAM i. sa. 772mAM eka cInI bhikSu dvArA thayA tyAMnA pracArakoe thADA samayamAM bInna e rAjgyAmAM paNa nUtana dharmanA pracAra karyAM. pAMcamI sadImAM baudhdha dharma samagra keriyAmAM phelAI gayA. sAtamI sadImAM silA khAdhdha saMskRtI kendra banI gayuM. A rAjayamAMthI ghaNA koriyana bhikSue cInamAM Laudhdha zAstra / abhyAsa karavA gayA. emAM yuAna tsa, muAna huiAe te yI siADa prasidhdha che. 11 mI sadImAM vAMga vaMzanA rAjAenA samayamAM baudhdha dharme apUrva AgekUca karI. aneka sthaLe vihAro baMdhAyA sila rAjavaMzanA samayamAM baudhdha dharmAM ghanavAna varga sAthe saMkLAyelA hatA te vAMgakAlamAM AmajanatAnA

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204 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA-bhAga-2 dharma banI gaye. bauddha dharmane AmajanatA sudhI pahoMcADavAnuM jApAnanI sAmrAjJI suI vatI zAsananI dekharekha rAkhanAra zreya yiti' ena, ane pa'U cAo jevA vidrAna bhikSa ene phALe rAjakumAra zakatu I. sa. 574-621)nA prayatnothI jApAjAya che. yi ti' ena nAmanA bhikSae keriyAnI bhASAmAM baudha namAM bauddha dharmano vyApaka phelAvo thayo. teNe jApAnanA dharma para lekho lakhyA paU cAoe jena (dhyAna) saMpradAyane prasiddha zahera nArAmAM temaja tenI AsapAsanA vistAramAM pracAra karyo. 14 mI sadImAM sena vaMsanA rAjAoe aneka suMdara bauddha maMdire ane maTha baMdhAvyA jemAM bauddha dharmane sthAne kanphayuyasa dharmane rAjyAzraya ApavA hAryajIno maTha Aje paNa prasiddha che. A maThamAM teNe tripiTaka mAMDyo. pariNAme keriyAmAM bauddha dhama ne dhIme dhIme hAsa para TIkAo lakhAvI hatI. e TIkAonI keTalIka mULa thate gaye. jo ke gAma ane pahADI vistAranI janatAmAM hurataprato Aje paNa upalabdha che. samrATa azoke bhAratamAM baudhdha dharmano prabhAva yathAvata cAlu rahyo. I. sa. 1910mAM bauddha dharma mATe jevuM kArya karyuM tevuM ja kArya jApAnamAM jApAne keriyA para vijaya karyo te pachI keriyAmAM bauddha rAjaputra zekatue karyuM hovAthI bauddha dharmanA ItihAsamAM dhamanI jayeta pharIthI jhaLahatI rahI che ke rayAmAM thaIne tene jApAnano azaka gaNavAmAM Ave che. bauddha dharma jApAna pahoMcyAM hovAthI keriyAnA bauddha dharmane cIna ane jApAnanA bauddha dharmane sAMkaLatI agatyanI kaDI chaThThI sAtamI sadI daramyAna cInamAthI chaThThI sAtamI sadI daramyAna cInamAMthI bauddha dharmanA che rUpa gaNavAmAM Ave che. saMprada jApAnamAM pracalita thayA : kuza (abhidharma keza zAkhA), sAnana (mAdhyamikAnI traNa TIkAovALI zAkhA), Adhunika keriyAne bauddha dharma varatutaH jena (dhyAna) baudhdha je jisu ( satya siddha zAstra zAkhA ) kegona (avataMsaka dharma che. keriyAmAM amitAbha budha ke maitreya bedhisatva 52 zAkhA)' hA (dharmalakSaNa zAkhA) ane rilsa vinaya vizeSa AsthA jovA maLe che. zAkhA). jApAnamAM bauddha dharmano praveza I. sa. 552 mAM keriyA AThamI-navamI sadI daramyAna jApAnamAM tejAI ane mAraphate thaye. keriyA (pa)nAM rAjAe jApAnanA mahArAjA zigana nAmanA sudhArAvAdI bauddha saMpradAya pragaTayA A kimeIne upahAramAM budhanI kAMsAnI pratimAM, baudha graMtha ane saMpradAyoe bauddha siddhAMtanuM rASTrIyakaraNa karIne te siddhAMta keTalAMka dhAmika upakaraNo mekalyAM hatAM tenI sAthe mekalelA sAmAnya lake samajI zake ane tene apanAvI zake tevA patramAM keriyAnA rAjAe jaNAvyuM hatuM ke "A dhama sarva prayane karyA. temaNe ehika jIvananI upekSA karyA vagara zreSTha che. paraMtu tenA sidhdhAMtanuM artha ghaTana karavuM ane tene AdhyAtmika mArgono upadeza karyo. dazamI sadImAM samajavA muzkela che. aneka rAjAoe te aMgIkAra karyo che. jApAnamAM amitAbha ba ddha para lekanI apAra zraddhA vadhI upadeza karavAthI tene zraddhApUrvaka svIkAra na kare evI kaI gaI. amitAbha buddhanI pUjA-upAsanAvALA A paMthamAM ghaNA vyakita bhAgye ja hoI zake?" jApAnanA samrATe pratimAMne leke bhaLyA. teo kevaLa amitAbha buddhanuM nAma smaraNa saharSa svIkAra karyo ane tenI pUjA karavAnuM kArya parivAranA karatA. AnI pAchaLa amitAbha buddhane temanA pavitra dezamAM zradhALu lekone soMpyuM tyArabAda cIna ane keriyA mAMthI punarjanma thavAnI AzA kAraNabhUta hatI. A amitAbha budha aneka baudhdha bhikSuo ane vidyAne jApAnamAM AvI baudha aMgenA AMdolanamAMthI 12mI-13mI sadIomAM ghaNuM nUtana dharmane pracAra karavA lAgyA. saMpradAya pragaTayA. A saMpradAye amitAbha budhdhamAM AsthA rAkhI vicAra tathA AcArane zuddha ane saraLa banAvavAne jApAnamAM bauddha dharmanA praveza sAthe teNe tene tyAnA upadeza ApatA hatA. A saMpradAyone khAsa karIne kheDUta sthAnika ziste dharma sAthe saMdharSa kara pa. bauddha dharma ane sainike apanAvI lIdhA ane teo amitAbha budhanA ahIM ziste dharmanAM keTalAka to apanAvI laIne pitAnuM sthAna rUDha karI lIdhuM baudhdha bhikSuoe pitR pUjA apanAvI lIdhI zinta devatAo budhanA ja avatAra che ema gaNAvIne kumakurakAlamAM jApAnamAM sAmaMtazAhIne udaya thayo 12 teo budhanI pratimAnI sAthe zinta devatAonI paNa pUjA mI sadImAM isaI ane 13 mI sadImAM dogena nAmanA bauddha karavA lAgyA. AthI bauddha dharma dhIre dhIre AmajanatAmAM bhikSuoe jApAnI dhyAna saMpradAya (jena bauddha darama) nI paNa tiSThita thate gaye. bIjI bAju cInanA sAMskRtika raMge sthApanA karI. 13 mI sadImAM nicirene nizcina saMpradAya raMgAyelA bauddha dharma jApAnanA ucca varganA lokone tenI sthApyo. jApAnI saMskRti para svaprayatna dvArA mokSa meLavavAnI tarapha Akartha buddhavAdI leke dvArA svAgata thatAM bauddha himAyata karanArA jena saMpradAyane vizeSa prabhAva paDayo hato. dhama jhaDapathI phelAvA lAge. prAcIna jApAnanA samrATo A saMpradAya mukhyatve saradAra ane sainika vargamAM pracalita bauddha banyA. thayo hate. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 205 ane zAMti vidyAnee tibeTa dvArA temaja mAM AraMbhAyelono prabhAva vadhI Ida kAla ( I. sa. 1603-1867)-mAM bauddha dharma mahAna baudhdha vidvAna kamalazIle tibeTamAM jaIne cInI jApAnane rASTrIya dharma banI gaye tenuM zreya telugeva zaguna pracAraka maMDaLane parAjita karIne tibeTamAMthI vidAya levaDAvI. tene phALe jAya che. jApAnamAM khristI dharmanA vadhatA jatA tibeTa-nareze prasanna thaIne kamalazIlane bauddha dharmanI tatva pracArane rokavA mATe bauddha dharmane lekapriya banAvavAnI sarakArI darzana zAkhAnA adhyakSa sthAne nimyA. tyAra pachI dhamakIti rAhe jhubeza zarU thaI hatI tene laIne bauddha dharmano UMDo abhyAsa vimalamitra, budhdhagupta, ane zAMtigarbha nAmanA bhAratIya bauddha thavA lAgyo. 19mI sadInA uttarArdhamAM bauddha dharmanI leka- vidvAnoe tibeTamAM jaIne judA judA vistAramAM baudha dharma priyatAmAM oTa AvI ane ziste dharmano prabhAva vadhI gaye ne phelAvo karyo. temaNe baudhdha taMtravAdane pracAra karyo hate. chatAM bauddha dharmamAM AraMbhAyelI adhyana-saMzodhananI pravRtti dvArA tenA siddhAMtanuM nUtana arthaghaTana karIne, mizanarI 11 mI sadInA prAraMbhamAM tibeTanA samrATanA AgrahathI bhAvanAthI amerikA jevA dezamAM pragara karavA mATe jApAnI vikramazIla vidyApIThanA AcArya atiza dIpakara zrIjJAna tibeTa bauddha prabaLa puruSArtha karatA rahyA che. gayA. tyAM temaNe 13 varSa sudhI paribhramaNa karIne vajIyAna bauddha dharmano pracAra karyo. temaNe tibeTanA bauddha dharmamAM tibeTa - keTalAka sudhArA karyA. atize lagabhaga base jeTalA graMthanI prAcInakALathI bhArata ane nepALa sAthe tibeTanA vepArI racanA karI, jemAM keTalAka graMthe tibeTI bhASAmAM anuvAda saMbaMdhe hatA. pariNAme tibeTamAM bhAratIya bhASA sAhitya rUpe che. ane dhamano trabhAva prasarato rahyo. I. sa. nI sAtamI sadIthI tibeTamAM bauddha dharmano praveza thatAM A prabhAva vizeSa vadhato baMgALanA pAla rAjAone tibeTanA nareza sAthe maitrI gaye. bharyA saMbaMdha hovAthI pAla rAjAoe tibeTamAM bauddha dharmanI sudhAraNuM ane dharma-prasAranA kAryamAM ghaNI madada karI. pAla tibeTanA rAjA zrAna sAna gapee sAtamI sadImAM rAjAonA anudAna ane pretsAhanathI cAlatI nAlaMdA ane pitAnA dezamAM bauddha dharmano pracAra karyo tenI be rANIomAM vikramazIla vidyApIThanA AcAryoe A kArya pAra pADyuM. eka cInI ane bIjI nepALI hatI. A baMne rANIonA aneka saMskRta graMne tibeTI bhASAmAM anuvAda thaye. Aje prabhAvathI te bauddha dharma tarapha AkarSAye haze. teNe tibeTamAM mULa saMskRta graMthe lupta thayA hovA chatAM temanA A tibeTI aneka maMdiro ane vihAra baMdhAvyA temaja baudhdha graMthanA anuvAdane kAraNe te graMthe surakSita rahI zakyA che. tibeTanI bhASAmAM anuvAda karAvyA teNe pitAnA maMtrIone bhAratIya varNamAlA ane lipi zIkhavA mATe be vAra bhArata bauddha dharmanI sAthe baudha kalAne paNa prasAra thaye. mekalyA hatA. aMte teNe tabeTamAM saMskRta bhASA ane brAhmI bhAratIya namUnA parathI tibeTamAM aneka bauddha pratimAo lipine pracAra karyo. ene laIne tibeTamAM bhAratIya saMskRti banI. mahAyAna saMpradAyanA deva-devIonI tAMbAmAM ratnajaDita nA pracArano mArga mekaLe thaI gayo I. sa. 640mAM bauddha mUtio tibeTanI bauddha kalAnI vizeSatA che. Ama bauddha dharma-pracAranuM prathama maMDaLa tibeTamAM jaI pahoMcyuM tyAra dharma mAraphate tibeTamAM bhAratIya dharma, bhASA, lipi, kalA pachI I. sa. 747 mAM kAmIranA AcArya padma saMbhave tibe ane AcAra-vicAra prasAra thatAM barba2 gaNAtI tibeTI TamAM jaIne taMtravAdI mahAyAna saMpradAyane pracAra karyo AgaLa saMskRti, ane sabhyatAnA UMcA Asane besI zakajatAM e taMtravAdI mahAyAna saMpradAya "lAmAmatamAM parivartana vAne yogya banI che tenuM zreca bauddha dharmane phALe jAya che. pApe. teNe tibeTanI pazubali ane nara-ali jevI krara prathAono aMta karyo ane bhUta-pretane upadrava ane utpAta kema karIne tibeTa-nareza prI-na-de-sAne AThamI sadInA uttarA- tivArone ahiMsAnA pa dhamAM mahAyAna dharmane rAjya-dharma tarIke jAhera karyo. teNe nAlaMdA vidyapIThanA prasidhdha vidvAna-bhinna zAMtarakSitane barmA tibeTa AvavAnuM nimaMtraNa pAThavyuM. A AmaMtraNane mAna ApIne AvelA AcArya zAMtarakSitane rAjAe tibeTanA mukhya bhAratanI pUrvamAM AvelA barmA (brahmadeza)nA nivAdhIo dharmAdhikArI ane mahApurohitane pade nimyA. zAMtarakSite ghaNA rakatanI daSTie cInAo sAthe maLatA Ave che, paraMtu sabhyatibeTavAsIone bauddha bhikSu banAvyA ane lAmAvaMzanI nAnI bAbatamAM temanA para cIna karatAM bhAratane vizeSa prabhAva sthApanA karI. A kAryamAM uparokata kAzmIrI AcArya padma- paDe che. AjanA barmAnA dharma, sAmAjika jIvana, bhASA, saMbhave zAMtarakSitane madada karI cheDA samaya pachI cInamAMthI lipi ane sAhitya para bhAratIya saMskRtine vyApaka eka baudhdha pracAraka maMDaLe AvIne bhAratIya baudhdha dharmathI jovA maLe che te mukhyatve tyAM keTalAM be hajAra varSothI pracalita viparIta sidhdhAMtane pracAra karavA mAMDaze. tyAre magadhanA thayelA bauddha dharmane AbhArI che. * Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga-2 bamamAM bauddha dharmano praveza maurya samrATa azokanA vihAranA bhagnAvazeSa ane dakSiNa bhAratanI palava rAjyanI samayamAM thayuM hovAnuM manAya che. azoke, sthavira uttara ane lipimAM aMkita bauddha dharmanA sidhdhAMte maLI AvyA che. soNane dharmapracAra mATe tyAM mokalyA hatA. temaNe dakSiNa vaLI bhAratamAMthI bodhivRkSanI eka zAkhA lAvIne paNa ahIM barmAnA zrI-kSetramAM baudhdha saMghanI sthApanA karIne hInayAna repavAmAM AvI hatI. Aje bauddha dharmanA prabhAvanA aneka matane pracAra karyo. I. sa. nI prAraMbhika sadIomAM laMkAnA cihno siyAmanI saMskRti para jovA maLe che. baudha bhikSuoe ahIM AvIne hInayAna matano pracAra karyo. AmAM I. sa. 450mAM barmA pahocelA siMhAlI AcArya cappA (viyeTanAma) budhdhaSanuM kArya agatyanuM che. dakSiNa barmAnA prAmanagarathI ATha kilomITara dUra AvelA zrAvajA nAmanA sthAnamAMthI siyAmanI pUrvamAM Avela hindI cInamAM (dakSiNa bhAgamAM zilAlekhe ane pAli bhASAmAM lakhAyelA hastalikhita graMthe bhAratavAsIoe cappA nAmanI vasAhata sthApI hatI. A maLI AvyA che te parathI jaNAya che ke I. sa. nI pAMcamI vasAhata saMbhavataH i. sa.nI bIjI sadImAM vasI hatI. tenI sadI sudhI dakSiNa barmAma bhAratIya dharma, bhASA ane lipino rAjadhAnI amarAvatI hatI cInanA samrATo sAthene satata pracAra thaI gayA hatA. 5 mI sadIthI 13mI sadI daramyAna saMgharSomAM paNa campAe potAnI saMskRti vikasAvI hatI. ahinA aneka laMkAvAsI bhikSuo ane barmAnA bhikSaoe pAli hiMdu rAjAomAM 10 mI sadImAM thayelA bhuguvaMzanA rAjA bhASAmAM baudhdha graMthanI racanA karI tevI rIte aneka sthaLoe indravarmA trIjAnA samayamAM bhAratIya dharma, darzana ane kalAne budha maMdira (pegaDA) baMdhAyAM. apUrva vikAsa thayo. rAjA pite SaTra darzana, baudha darzana, pANinI vyAkaraNa, zaivamatanA uttarakalpanA mahAna paMDita hatA. madhya barmAmAM 9mI sadImAM eka nUtana rAjya sthapAyuM tenA samayamAM badhA dharmona utkarSa thaye. campAmAM mahAyAna hatuM. jenI rAjadhAnI haMsAnatI (paga) hatI. ahIM 11mI audhdha dharmano phelAvo thavA lAge. cIna ane kaMbuja dezasadImAM thayelA rAjA anabrethe (anirUdhe) dakSiNa barmA para mAMthI mahAyAnI bhikSaoe A pracAra kAryane vissAra kayA AkramaNa karIne tyAMnA prAcIna sthAna rAjyane aMta karI cappAmAM aneka sthaLoe bauddha maMdira baMdhAyAM misA, DAMga nAkhyA, tyAre e rAjA A pradezamAMthI pitAnI sAthe aneka AMga ane pinagaranAM baudhdha maMdiro tenAM uttama daSTAMta baudhdha bhikSuo ane graMthe laI gayo. e dvArA madhya barmA che. A maMdiranI racanA zailI para dakSiNa bhAratanI pallava ane uttara barmAmAM paNa hInayAna bauddha dharmano pracAra thayo. sthApatya zailIne spaSTa prabhAva jovA maLe che. cA mukhyatve Ama samagra barmAmAM bauddha dharmane phelA thaye. Aje hida rAjya hovAthI ahI baudhdha dharmane a9pa prabhAva paDe che barmAnI moTA bhAganI janatA hInayAna bauddha dharmanI anuyApta che. nAna siyAma (thAilenDa) hiMdI cInamAM campAnI dakSiNa-pazcime ane barmAnI pUrvamAM barmAnI pUrvamAM Adhunika siyAma ke thAIlenDa nAmanuM AvelA kaMboDiyAmAM eka hiMdu rAjya hatuM tene cIna vAsIo svataMtra rAjya che. I. sa. nI 2jI ke trIjI sadImAM ahI phanAna kahetA hatA. A rAjyanI sthApanA I. sa. nI pahelI dvArAvatI nAmanA eka bhAratIya rAjyano udaya thaye siyAmanA sidamAM koDinya nAmanA bAhamaNa netAe karI hatI. koDinya eka bhAgamAM videha rAjya hatuM. tenI rAjadhAnI mithilA ane tenAM vaMzajonA 200 varSanA zAsanakALa daramyAna bAhmaNa hatI. IrAvatI ane salabina be nadIo vaccenA pradezane ane baudhdha dhama baMnene protsAhana maLyuM. A baMne dharmanAM kauzAMbI kahevAmAM AvatuM. yunAna prAMtamAM gAMdhAra rAjya maMdiro alaga hatAM. rAja jayavarmAe i. sa. 474 mAM sthapAyuM hatuM. te rAjya paNa bhAratIya hatuM bhAratanA prabhA- nAghasena nAmanA baudhdha bhikSunA netRtvamAM cInanA samrATanI vathI A rAjyomAM baudhdha ane hiMdu dharmano prasAra thayo. sabhAmAM eka zAMtimaMDaLa kahyuM hatuM. A rAjAnA samayamAM pADozI kaMbuja (kabaDiyA dezamAMthI AvelA bhikSuoe phenAnamAMthI saMgha varmA ane bhadrasena nAmanA be prasidhdha vidvAna ahIM mahAyAna bauddha dharmano pracAra karyo, paraMtu laMkAnA baudhdha bhikSuo cInamAM gayA ane tyAM sthira nivAsa karIne hInayAnI baudha maMDaLoe AvIne ahIM baudhdha saMgha sthAye temaNe baudhdha graMthano cInI bhASAmAM anuvAda karyo. tyAra ane hInayAnano pracAra karyo, tyArathI siyAmamAM hInayAna pachI rANI kulaprabhAvatI (chaDI sadI) e bhAratIya dhamone matanuM prabhutva vadhI gayuM. samaya jatAM A dezamAM protsAhana ApyuM tyAre phUnAnamAM mahAyAna baudhdha dharmanAM baudha ane hiMdu sAhitya, kalA, bhASA ane sAhityane maMdiro paNa baMdhAyAM. nakAlamAM phUnAnanA eka sAmaMta rAjya prabhAva paDe gaye. siyAmamAMthI amarAvatI zailInI tina-sunamAM bhAratIya saMskRtine vizeSa udaya thayA. A kAMsAnI budhdha-pratimAo, gupta zailInI mUtio, stUpe ane rAjyamAM bhAratamAMthI 200 baudhdho AvI vasyA hatA. temaNe ahIM Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha baudhdha dharmanA pracAra karyAM. hU~nAnamAM ekadare baudhdha dharmIne pharatAM 50 madaranA avazeSa upalabdha thayA che. nAkhAnazrInI prasAra hiMdu dharmananI tulanAe ghaNA alpa hatA. uttare AvelI zaiyA vasAhatamAM prAraMbhamAM brAhmaNa dharma pracalita hatA, pAchaLathI tyAM bauddha dharma phelAyA, ka...bhuja (ka`meDIyA ) hiMdI cInamAM kabhuja prasidhdha hiMddI rAjya hatuM. temAM arvAcIna kaMboDiyAnA uttara-pUrvanA ghaNA vistAra samAyele hatA. kajanI rAjadhAnI yazeAdharapura hatI. Aje tene a Mga kArane nAme ALakhavAmAM Ave che. A rAjyamAM hiMdu dharmanA vizeSa pracAra thayA hatA chatAM baudhdha dharmane paNa thoDA ghaNA AvakAra maLyA hatA. cInI vRttAMta anusAra ane purAvazeSA dvArA jaNAya che ke A vistAramAM pAMcamI sadInA aMtamAM auddha dharmanA prabhAva hatA. navamI sadInA uttarArdhamAM thayelA samrATa yazavarmAe eka sAgatAzrama sthApyA hatA. A Azrama (maTha) bauddha bhikSuenA upayAga mATe hato. rAjAe Azrama mATe vizeSa niyamAvalI paNa jAhera karI hatI. kabujanA rAjA jayavarmAM sAtamA (lagabhaga I.sa. 11811220) ghaNA zradhdhALu baudhdha upAsaka hatA. tenA avasAna pachI tene 'mahAparama saiAgata'nuM birUda ApavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. tenI vANI samrATa azokanI vANIne maLatI hatI. ane samasta vizva pratye karUNA rAkhavAne upadeza tenA abhilekhAmAM vyakata thayA che. teNe dhArmi ka sasthAo sthApa pavAmAM paNa udAratApUrvaka peAtAnA phALe noMdhAvyeA hateA. rAjA jayavarmAnI rANI jayarAjadevI paNa parama upAsikA hatI. 13 mI sadI sudhI ka'bhujamAM baudhdha dharmAM prasaratA rahyo, jo ke rAjyAzraya hiMdu dharmane maLye hovAthI A dharmanu khaLa ghaNuM ochuM hatuM, paraMtu siyAmanA thAI le ke kaTTara bauddha hatA. teoe ahIM AvIne dhIme dhIme bauddha dharma'ne utka karyAM. pariNAme 13 mI sadI pachI A vistAramAM bauddha dharma mukhya banatA gayA. ane hiMdu ma MdiramAM hiMdu deva-devI ene sthAne baudhdha mUrtienI pratiSThA thai. Aje A dezamAM mukhya dharma tarIke baudhdha dharmanuM ja sthAna che. malAyAmAM gunAM jirAI pAsethI ceAthI sadInA eka madiranA avazeSA maLyA che. tevI rIte velelI jillAnA uttara bhagamAMthI paNa audhdha maMdiza ane sta MbhAnA avazeSa maLyA che. uttarAdhe mAM sumAtrA malAyAnI dakSiNa-pUrva tarapha AvelA suvarNabhUmi gaNAtA sumAtrAnA TApu para zrIvijaya nAmanu N rAjya hatuM. A rAjyanI rAjadhAnI zrI vijayanagara hatI. A rAjya I.sa.nI cAthI sadI pahelAM sthapAI cUkayuM hatuM. sAtamI sadInA uttarArdhamAM rAjA jayanAge najIkanA ghaNA TApuo para vijaya meLavIne dAnapeAtAnuM sAmrAjya jamAvyuM hatu. tenA samayamAM bhArata AvavA nIkaLelA cInI yAtrI itsiMga saMskRta zIkhavA mATe ahIM ATha varSa (i.sa.688 thI 695) rokAyA hatA. itsiMganA jaNAvyA anusAra zrI vijaya rAjyamAM auddha dharmanA vizeSa pracAra hatA. bhArata ane cInanA mArgamAM AvatA A TApu para aneka baudhdha bhikSue Ava-jA karatA hovAthI ahIM mahAyAna saMpradAyanA prabhAva paDaye| hatA. ADamI sadI pachI jAvAnA zailendra sAmrAjyanu' sumAtrA para adhipatya sthapAtA zrI vijaya rAjyanA aMta AvI gayA. jAvA I. sa. nI pAMcamI sadInA prAra'bha sudhI jAvAmAM audhdha dharmanA vizeSa prabhAva na hatA. phAhyAne jAvAnI mulAkAta lIdhI tyAre tyAM brAhmaNu dharmanI tulanAe audhdha dharmanu nahivat sthAna hatuM, paraMtu tyAra pachI bhAratIya bhikSu guNavamAM jevA aneka utsAhI baudhdha pracArakoe pAMcamI sadInA uttarArdhamAM jAvAmAM baudhdha dharmanu prabhuttva jamAvI dIdhuM. mAyA i.sa.nI zarUAtamAM malAyAnA TApu para bhAratIya vasAhata sthapAyA pachI ahIM hiMdu ane bauddha dharma ane prasAra thayeA heAvAnu jaNAya che. malAyAmAMthI upalabdha thayelA prAcIna abhilekhA saMskRta bhASA ane 4thI-5mI sadImAM pracalita bhAratIya lipimAM lakhAyelA che. A abhilekhAmAM keTalAka bauddha dharmane lagatA che. te parathI jaNAya che ke A pradezayAM A kAlamAM auddha dharmanA pracAra hatA. agatyanA avazeSo nAkho zrI dhammarATa (ligora)mAMthI maLyA che. A sthaLe bhAratIya audhdha vasAhata hatI. ahIMthI eka mahAna stUpa ane tene 207 i.sa.nI chaThThI sadInA keAda lekha parathI jaNAya che ke malAyAmAM mahAyAna bauddha dharmanA pracAra hatA. AThamI sadI sudhI mahAyAnanA vikAsa thatA rahyo. liMgAramAMthI maLelA lekha devatAo mATe traNa madirA ane pAMca stUpe karAvyA. parathI jaNAya che ke tyAMnA rAjA ane pujArIoe baudhdha sAtamIthI agiyAramI sadI daramyAna baudhdha dharmanA prabhAva niraMtara vadhatA gayA. sAtamI sadImAM nAladA vidyApIThanA dharma pALa nAmanA AcArya jAvAmAM gayA hatA, jyAre agiyAramI sadImAM vikramazIla vidyApIThanA mahAna prAcAya anelA aneiza dvIpa'kara zrInAne peAtAnA prAraMbhika jIvanamAM suvarNa bhUmi jAvAmAM jaI AcArya candrakIrti nAmanA sthavira pAse baudhdha dharma nuM zikSaNa meLavyuM hatuM.

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208 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga-2 jAvAnA zailendra rAjavaMze bauddha dharmanI mahAyAna zAkhAne mULa sarvAstivAda saMpradAyane pracAra hate. ahIMthI brAhyaNa khUba protsAhana ApyuM. A zailendra rAjAoe berabadara, devatAonI sAthe buddhanI pratimAo paNa maLI che. Aje kalasana ane meMduta jevAM virATa baudha samArake karAvyA. paNa ahIM bauddha dharma pALanArA lake che, je ke zivAnI zailendra rAjAoe bhAratamAM nAlaMdA ane nAga paTTamamAM maTha tulanAe temanI saMkhyA ochI che. sthApyA hatA ane pAla tathA cela samrAToe te maThanA benimAM thoDA samaya mATe bauddha dharma pravezyA hovAnA nirvAha mATe gAma-dAna ApyA hatAM. zailendronA prabhAvamAM cihno maLe che, jo ke tyAMnA bauddha dharmanA svarUpa vize jAvA ane sumAtrAmAM lAMbA kALa sudhI mahAyAnane prabhAva . ahitI upalabdha nathI. rahyo. zailendronA baMgALanA pIla rAjAo sAthenA saMbaMdhane kAraNe vajIyAna ane bIjA tAMtrika matono jAvAmAM paNa bauddha dharmanI pUrvAbhimukhI yAtrA mAtra pUrvanA dezamAM phelAvo thavA lAge. jAvAmAMthI maLelA be graMtha "saMgahyAMga ja thaI hatI ema nathI. bhAramanI dakSiNe Avela silena kamayanI maMtranaya' ane saMgahyAMga kamahayanikana" dvArA I. pU. trIjI sadIthI baudhdha dharmane raMge raMgavA lAgyA hatA, jAvAnA mahAyAna vAdanuM svarUpa ane sidhdhAMte jANavA maLe che. Aje e silenanA rASTriya dharmanuM sthAna gharAve che. bhAratanI jAvAmAM baudhdha dharmane vijaya tenA smArako dvArA spaSTa pazcimettara pradezamAM AvelA aphaghAnistAna, IrAna ane uttaramAM nepALa ane bhUtAnamAM paNa baudhdha dharmane praveza paNe joI zakAya che. I. sa. 778mAM baMdhAyelA caMDI kalazana maMdiramAMthI buddhanI traNuM ane bodhisatvenI be pASANa prati thaye hate. pazcimottara pradezamAM IslAmane prasAra thatAM e mAo maLI che. bhavyatA ane kalAnI dRSTie A pratimAo che vistAromAMthI baudhdha dharmane lepa thaye, chatAM tyAM eka samaye suMdara namUnA che. caMDI sevAmAM paNa bauddha maMdirane samUha ? bauddha dharmane vyApaka prabhAva hovAnA avazeSo Aje paNa che. ahIM 246 baudha maMdiro AvelAM che, paraMtu jAvAnuM paNa bauddha dharma pracalita che. - vipula pramANamAM upalabdha thAya che. nepALa ane bhUtAnamAM Aje sarvazreSTha smAraka barAbuddara che. rebudrane artha thAya che "babuddha' kharekhara A maMdiramAM seMkaDonI saMkhyAmAM budhdha- chellI cAra-pAMca sadIothI eziyAnA ghaNA dezomAM pratimAo AvelI che. A smAraka jAvAnA madhyanA medAnamAM, baudhdha dharmano prabhAva ekasarato rahyo che, paraMtu gaI sadInA sAMcIno stUpanI mAphaka eka pahADI para baudhdha stUpa ane aMtathI baudhdha dharmanA punarUtthAnanuM AMdolana zarU thatAM caitya svarUpe kareluM che. te AjanI rAjadhAnI jAkArtAnI eziyAmAM baudha dharmano prabhAva prasaravA lAgyo che. jApAnamAM pazcime pa7 kilomITara dUra AveluM che. zailendra samrATe tene anAgarika dharmapAle I.sa. 1891 mAM mahAbodhi sabhAnI I. sa. 750mAM baMdhAvyuM hatuM. upara jatAM kamazaH sAMkaDI thatI sthApanA karIne A AMdolananI zarUAta karI hatI. cInamAM goLa pIDikAo vaDe A darzanIya smAraka baMdhAyuM che. nIcenI cInI bhikSa tAI-zae ane barmAmAM santa ledi sadAve e pIThikA 117 mITaranA gherAvAvALI che. badhI pIThikAo para AMdolana pitAnA dezamAM vistAryuM. silenamAM mahAbodhi aneka stUpa karIne mane hara dazya khaDuM karyuM che. cheka uparane sabhA ane vizva-baudhdha-saMmelana jevAM be AMtararASTriya sUpa bhavya che. bAkInA nIcenI pIThikAo paranA stUpa tenI saMgaThanonI sthApanA thaI. silenamAMthI aneka dharmoe UMcAImAM saheja vadhAro kare che. badhA tRpamAM buddhanI prati- jaIne pazcimanA dezamAM eziyAne A prakAza (Light of mAo mUkelI che temaja temanAM darzana thAya tevI goThavaNa che. Asia) prasarAvyuM. emAM kumArasvAmI, malalasekara, ane A uparAMta khAlI jagyAo ane dIvAle buddhanA jIvanane budhdhadatta jevA vidvAne, maMjuzrI thera ane jAja kapeTa lagatA prasaMge, jAtaka kathAonAM dR, tIrthayAtrAo, deva- jevA citrakAra ane nisaMka, dhanapAla ane tambimugjevA yAtrAo, devatAo, rAjAo, sAmata ane pazu pakSIonAM sAhityakAroe silenanI bahAra paNa khyAti prApta karI che. zilpothI bharI dIdhela che. hAla prasidhdha jApAnI baudhdha vidvAna sujhukI pitAnA lekho ane bhASaNo dvArA yuropa ane amerikAnA vicAra ane jAvAmAM I. sa. 1474 mAM zailendra samrATe Islamane saMskRtine prabhAvita karI rahyA che. bhAratamAM saikAothI lupta aMgIkAra karyo tyAra pachI baudhdha dharmano dhIme dhIme lepa thaIne sAva viramRta banI gayele bauddha dharma 20mI sadInI thate gaye. zarUAtathI pracalita thavA lAgyo che. prajAsattAka bhAratamAM bAlI ane beniyA dharma-caka (azoka caka) ane sAranAtha staMbhanI zirAvaTIne rASTriya cihna tarIke sthAna maLyuM che. baudha dharma, sAhitya jAvAnI pAsenA bAlInA TApumAM paNa baudha dharma phelA ane kalAnuM adhyayana-saMzAdhana vyApaka pramANamAM thavA lAgyuM hate. cInI yAtrI IsiMge potAnI pravAsa naMdhamAM bAlIne che. AmAM bhadaMta AnaMda kauzalyAyana, dharmAnanda kasabI tathA ullekha karyo che, te parathI jaNAya che ke tyAM bauddha dharmanA paMDita rAhula sAMkRtyAyananuM kArya vizeSa mahattvanuM che. 1891mAM mahA pAnamAM zamAM santa ledi sayadA aneka stUpa karatA gherAvAvALI dhAyuM che. nIcenI nA karIne A UMcAya che. bAkInA nIcenI karyuM che. cheka upara AMdolana potAnA de Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha - SHE :::::: SAGAR pazcimanA vidvAnoe paNa bauddha dharmanI sAcI oLakha meLavavA mATe adhyayana-saMzodhana karyuM che. mekasamUlare 'sekreDa bukasa opha dhI isTa' ane 'sekreDa bukasa opha dhI budhdhisTa nAmanI graMthamAlAo lakhIne bauddha sAhityanA prakAzanamAM amUlya phALo Apyo che. TI. Dabalyu rAisa DeviDajhanuM kArya paNa agatyanuM che. temaNe "pAli Teksa sosAyaTInI sthApanA karI che. sara eDavina ArnolDanuM dhI lAITa epha eziyA (I.sa. 1879) baudhdha dha ne lagatI saithI adhika lAgatiya kRti che. bIjA vidvAna, sAhityakAro ane kalAkAroe paNa bauddha dharmanI amUlya sevA karI che. PASTEURISED BUTTER eka vAra eziyAnA prakAzarUpa bauddha dharma eziyAnI rAjakIya ektAmAM paNa agatyano bhAga bhajavI zake evI saMbhAvanA jotAM paMDita javAharalAla naherUe bauddha dharma nI "paMcazIla" nI bhAvanA AgaLa karIne vizvazAMtinI yojanA ghaDI kADhI hatI. e zeyAnI sAMskRtika ekatA siddha karavAmAM agatyane bhAga bhajavanAra baudha dharma eziyAnI rAjakIra ekatA sidhdha karavAmAM paNa eka divasa mArgadarzaka banaze evI AzA asthAne gaNAya nahi. manamAM bhame, jIbhe jIbhe rame, sAgaramAkhaNuM gharegharamAM game, vyAjabI che dAma, ane uttama che kAma, sAgaramAkhato have jANItuM nAma zaktithI bharapUra, zuddha, svAdiSTa ane pauSTika "sAgara" mAkhaNa mANamANa karai marn ITI lAd Tdhall Hi TIJun prasaTHI NEJPO HIVI With Best Compliments maHIDA zaeghaai " mAkanl HIVJI mahesANA jillA sahakArI dUdha utpAdaka saMgha li. dUdhasAgara DerI, mahesANA, (bhArata). Wel Wishers Furnity, Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 With Best Compliments From SEWREE IRON & STEEL CO. Plot No. 6 Sewree Cross Road BOMBAY-15-DD. Jain Education Intemational

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ApaNo paurANika vAraso ane itihAsa purANAbhyAM veda samupabRMhayate / itihAsa ane purANanA abhyAsa pachIja vedanuM adhyayana karavu joie. bhAratIya saMskRtimAM ane dhArmika banne dRSTie vedanu mahatva apAra che. veda ane vaidika saMhitAo vize ghaNuM ghaNuM kahevAmAM AvyuM che. pAzcAtya ane pArghAtya banne prakAranA vidhAno vedanI mahattA svikAre che ane bhAratIya paraMparA / vedane apeArUpeya mAnIne tene izvara praNIta athavA izvara svarUpa-zabda brahma tarIkeja svIkAre che. Ane kAraNeja hajAra varSathI vedanu astitva tenA mULa svarUpamAM sacavAi rahyuM che. vene sAcavavA mATe aneka prakAranI dhArmika mAnyatAe joDI devAmAM AvelI che. ane sAthe sAthe tenA mULa svarUpamAM sacavAI rahe e mATe judA judA prakAranA pATha jevA ke saMhitA pada, krama, dAna, jaTA, mAlA, zikhA, rekhA, dhvajadaMDa vagere pAThanI yojanA karavAmAM AvelI che. AthI vedanA maMtrInuM asala svarUpa jaLavAI rahe. Ama vedanu mahatva badhIja rIte svikAyu hovA chatAM purANane keTalIkavAra veda karatAM paNa AgaLa mukavAmAM Avela che tenuM kAraNa temAM Avela athaghaTananI padhdhatti ane leka bhAgyatA jovA maLe che. te che. bhale veda prathama sthAne hAya chatAM purANunuM mahatva tenA karatAM vadhAre che. kAraNa vedanI vigato samajavA mATe purANa upara AdhAra rAkhavA paDe che. vedanI bhASA, vedamAM AvatA kathAnako keTalIkavAra sAmAnya budhdhivALA ane keTalIkavAra vidvAnonA manamAM paNa gerasamajUtI ubhI kare che ane evA prasage purANA madadarUpa bane che. kAraNa je vastu-vArtA ke kathA vedamAM rUpakAtmaka rIte ane bahuja sakSipta svarUpamAM AvelI heAya che jyAre purANAmAM Aja vastu-vArtAne laine vistArathI kathA gUMthavAmA AvelI hAya che. Ama vedane samajavA mATe purANu jarUrI bane che. ane tethI veda karatAM purANanuM mahatva vizeSa che. purANu zabdanA sAmAnya artha vicAravAmAM Ave te purANa eTale prAcIna evA artha thAya. keTalAka vyAkaraNa viSacakra graMthAmAM ApaNane purANu zabdanI vyutpatti maLe che jemake Jain Education Intemational purANomAM eziyA zrI ana'tarAya ja, rAvaLa saMskRtanA mahAna vyAkaraNakAra pANini peAtAnA grantha aSTAdhyAyImAM purAbhava'" Iti "puraNAm" arthAta prAcIna kALamAM thayela evA arthamAM purANu zabdane samajAve che. jyAre nirUkatanA kartA zrI yAka purA nava mati arthAta je prAMcIna hovA chatAM navu che evA aM thAya che. vAyu purANuM 1/203mAM purA ati arthAt je prAcIna kALamAM hatuM te purANu eve atha Ape che. jyAre brahmapurANa 1,1, 173mAM purA pat mUk arthAta prAcIna kALamAM Ama thayuM evA a jaNAve che. A uparanI adhIja vyutpatti athavA artha ApavAnI paristhitinA vicAra karIe te eka vastu spaSTa dekhAI Ave che ke purANanA mukhya viSaya prAcIna samaya sAthe saMbaMdha hatA prAcIna samayamAM purANu ane itihAsa eka bIjA sAthe eTalA gADha rIte joDAyelA hatA ke bannene alaga pADavA azakaya hatA. eTalu ja nahIM paraMtu bannenA nAma sAthe ja upayogamAM AvatA AthI A itihAsa ane purANa kene kahevA e viSe spaSTa matavya prAcIna graMthAmAM maLatu nathI. mahAbhArata je sAmAnya rIte I tihAsa gaNAya che te paNa peAtAne mATe purANu zabdanA prayoga kare che (Adi 1/17) jyAre bIjI tarapha vAyu purANu je purANu che chatAM peAtAne itihAsa gaNAve che. (vAyu 103,48,51) Ama ema kahI sakAya ke prAcIna samayamAM purANu ane ItihAsa vizenI mAnyatA eka bIjA sAthe bhaLI gayela bannene judA pADavA azakaya hatA. paraMtu samaya jatAM temanA bheda nizcita karavAmAM AvyA zakarAcArye peAtAnA chAMdIcya upaniSad 7/1 uparanA bhASyamAM A banne vacceno taphAvata spaSTa karyAM che. temanA mate vedamAM itihAsa ane purANu banne che. temanA mata pramANe jyAM prAcIna AkhyAyikAe tayA AkhyAno ApelA che te ItihAsanA bhAga che jyAre jyAM sRSTi prakriyAnuM varNana che te purANano bhAga che. A uparokata vyAkhyA athavA samajUtI ApaNane za'karAcA Ape che je I. sa. nI 7mI sadImAM thayA ke jyAre

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212 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga-2 moTA bhAganA purANo racAvA lAgyA hatA athavA racAI gayA ane tenA uparathI judA judA viSayovALA judA judA nAmathI hatA. paraMtu I. sa. nI pAMcamI sadImAM thayela amarasiMha judAjudA purANa astitvamAM AvyA haze purANa prAcIna pitAnA amarakoza graMthamAM purANunI paMcalakSaNavALI vyAkhyA samayathI aDhAra mAnavAmAM AvyA che ane A dareka purANunA Ape che. jemAM sarga, pratisargo, vaMza manvanIra ane vaMzAnu nAma lagabhaga dareka purANanI aMdara jovA maLe che. devI bhAgacArita hoya te purANa kahevAya che ke A vyAkhyA temanI vata atyaMta saMkSiptamAM aDhAra purANAnAM nAma Ape che. sAme je puNe racAyelA jovAmAM AvyA haze tenA uparathI temaNe ApI haze ema kahI zakAya. atyAra sudhI ApaNe madvaya bhadvayaM caiva vratraya ca catuSTayam / purANa zabdanA sAmAnya artha vize vicAraNA karI. paraMtu anApali kUskAni pugaNAni pRthaka pRthaka / atyAre ApaNe jANIe chIe ke bhAratIya saMskRti ane revI mAnazager i --22 sAhityamAM eka nahIM paraMtu sAmAnya lokonI mAnyatA pramANe arthAta :- (1) matsya (2) mAkanDeya aDhAra ane vidvAnonI dRSTie joIe te lagabhaga 21 jeTalA purANa maLe che. je vyakitagata judA judA nAmathI jaNItA (3) bhAgavata (4) bhaviSya che. jemake bhAgavata purANuM zivapurANa vagere. paraMtu prANIna (5) brahmavaivarta (6) brahmAMDa samayamAM purANanAM be artha pracalita hatA jemAM eka ane mAM (7) brahRA (8) agni te prAcIna kALamAM banelA prasaMgenA svarUpamAM ane bIjA arthamAM (9) nArada (10) padama eka viziSTa sAhitya athavA graMthamAM svarupamAM prayukata thatA (11) liMga (12) garuDa jemAthI graMtha athavA sAhityanA arthamAM Aje paNa vaparAya che. (13) kUrma (14) skanda travedamAM purANa zabdano prayoga aneka maMtramAM thayo che. (15) varAha (16) vAmana jyAM sAmAnya rIte tene artha "prAcInatA" e ja jovA maLe che. jyAre brAhmaNa graMthamAM itihAsa ane purANuM banne (17) viSNu (18) vAyu zabdo eka ja sAmAnya arthamAM vaparAyelA maLe che. A A aDhAra purANomAM darekamAM vyakitagata keTalA kaleke pachI dhIredhIre purANanuM eka svataMtra sAhitya tarIke nirmANa che. teno ullekha paNa maLe che. " che. teno ullekha paNa maLe che. badhA eTale ke upaData 18 thatuM gayuM ane aneka purANA graMtha tarIke pracAramAM AvatA purANenI kula kalekasaMkhyA lagabhaga cAra lAkha jeTalI gayA. temaja temAM aneka viSayo umerAtA gayA ane upara mAnavAmAM Ave che. joyuM tema zarUAtanAM keTalAka purANe joIne tenA uparathI AgaLa joyuM tema mahApurANamAM dasa lakSaNe mAnava mAM amarasiMhe paMcalakSaNanI vyAkhyA mukI haze. AgaLa jatA Ave che. je A pramANe gaNAya che. ApaNe joIe chIe ke aDhAra pracalita purANomAMthI mAtra be bhAgavata ane brahma vaivarta purANamAMthI ApaNane purANanA (1) suSTi (sRSTi racanA) daza lakSaNa maLe che je ema mAnI zakAya ke dhIredhIre (2) visRSTi (viziSTa prakAranI sRSTio) purANu sAhityamAM aneka viSayo umerAtA gayA tema tema tenA lakSaNe paNa vadhatA gayA ane e rIte daza lakSaNe jemAM (3) sthiti (saMpUrNa brahmAMDanI astitva) hoya te mahApurANa kahevAyA. ane jemAM pAMca lakSaNa hoya te (4) pAlana (rakSaNa) upa purANo kahevAya. (5) kAmavAsanA karma, purUSArtha prAcIna graMthamAM purANu zabda prayoga maLe che paraMtu purANu sahiMtA e zabda nathI maLatuM AthI ema kahI (6) manvantara (manuo vizenI vigato) zakAya ke prAcIna samayamAM purANue keI graMtha vAcaka zabda nathI. paraMtu vidyA vizeSa che. kAraNa vAyu 1/54 tathA matsya (7) pralayavarNana (vinAza varNana) 3/3-4 mAM purANa vedanI paNa prathama AvirbhAva pAmela che (8) kSanirUpaNa (saMyama, dama, zama vigerenuM varNana) ema jaNAvyuM che. (9) hari kirtana haribhakti ati prAcIna samayamAM purANa eka vidyA tarIke pracalita (10) deva kirtana bIjA devanI bhakti haze ane dhIme dhIme prAcIna vigatene saMgraha jemAM hoya te purANa kahevAya evI mAnyatA rUDha banI haze. A pachI to Ama A daza lakSaNe upara gaNu lA lagabhaga 18 AvI vigatavALI racanA te kaI eka purANa tarIke prasiddha purANamAM maLe che ane tethI te badhA mahApurANa tarIke thayuM haze je mAtra "purANa" evA nAmathI ja prasiddha haze prasiddha che. Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha A purANonI saMkhyA Ama jovA jaIe te 18 karatAM (3) trIjA vibhAgamAM brA, bhAgavata ane brahmA vaivarta vadhAre thAya che. uparokata 18 purANa uparAMta temAM zivapurANa, purANo mUkavAmAM Ave che. vidvAno ema mAne che ke A traNa devI bhAgavata purANuM ane harivaMza purANano samAveza karIe, purANo je atyAre je svarUpamAM maLe che ke temanuM asala te 21 purANe thAya che. harivaMza purANane mahAbhAratane pari. mULa svarUpa nathI. paraMtu pheraphAra pAmeluM svarUpa che jemAM ziSTa bhAga gaNavAmAM Ave che jyAre bAkInA be mAMthI keTalAka keTalAka bhAga navA pAchaLathI joDAyelA che. vidhAne 18 purANomAM vAyune badale zivane ane bhAgavatane badale devI bhAgavatano samAveza kare che. purANeno samagra rIte (4) cothA vibhAgamAM aitihAsika gaNI zakAya evA vicAra karavAmAM Ave che te eka prakArano sarvajJAna saMgraha puraNa gaNavAmAM Ave che. jemAM kaliyuganA keTalAka rAjAche. kAraNa ke upara joyuM tema badhA puraNa 10 lakSaNe dharAve enA vaNane tathA vaMzAvalI maLe che. AmAM mAtra brahmAMDa che. te sAmAnya arthamAM che. jyAre bIjI rIte joIe te 34 puraNane mAnavAmAM Ave che. judA judA purANamAM judA judA deva athavA devIne mahatva (5) pAMcamA vibhAgamAM jene ApaNe sAMpradAyika gaNI ApeluM hovAthI temane lagatI vArtAo, kathAo, avAntara zakIe evA purANo mukI zakAya ane temAM liMga, vAcana kathAo, temaja nIti, upadeza, Ayurveda, taMtra, maMtra, bhUgoLa, ane mArkanDeya purANu gaNAvI zakAya. jyotiSa vagere aneka viSayonI carcA judA judA purANamAM (6) chaThThA vibhAgamAM varAha, karma ane matsya purANa mUkajudI judI rIte thayela che. AthI badhAne samagra rIte bhAratIya vAmAM Ave che ane ema mAnavAmAM Ave che ke A purANa saMskRtinA sarvajJAna saMgraha tarIke oLakhavA joIe. je atyAre maLe che te mULa purANe nathI paraMtu tenA bada lAI gayelA pAThavALA paNa che. Ama chatAM A 18 purANa vacce amuka prakAranI samAnatA Ama ApaNe atyAra sudhI badhA purANone sAmuhika rIte jovAmAM Ave che. ane tethI temanuM vagIkaraNa e rIte karavAmAM vicAra karyo have vyakitagata paricaya meLavIe. Ave che. AvuM vargIkaraNa keTalAka vidvAnoe kareluM che 1, brahmapurANa. eTaluM ja nahIM paraMtu keTalAka purANomAM paNa AvuM vagI. A purANu aDhAra purANomAM prathama gaNAya che ane karaNa kareluM jovA maLe che. brahmapurANunA jaNAvyA pramANe matsya, Adibrahma purANa evA nAmathI paNa pracalita che. AmAM lagakUrma, liMga, ziva, skaMda ane agni A cha purANa tAmasa bhaga 245 adhyAya ane 14000 jeTalA loko che A che. brahmAMDa, brahmavaivarta, mArkanDeya, bhaviSya, vAmana ane brahma purANamAM vividha viSayonI carcA jovA maLe che. jemAM sRSTi A che rAjasa che. ane viSNu, nArada, bhAgavata, garUDa, padma kathana, caMdravaMza, mUryavaMTA, vividhatIrtho zrIkRSNicaritra vagere ane varAha A cha sAtvika prakAranA che. matsya purANanA jaNAvyA vize vistRta mAhitI maLe che. pramANe jemAM viSNunuM mahatva vizeSa hoya te sAtvika brA ane agninA maDatvavALA rAjasa, zivanA mahatvavALA tAmasa ane 2. padma purANa sarasvatI tathA pitRonuM mahatva vizeSa hoya te saMkIrNa gaNAya che. badhA purANomAM kaMdapurANa pachI kadanI daSTie padma Adhunika vidvAno A vargIkaraNa jarA jarI rIte A purANanuM thAna dvitIya Ave che. AmAM lagabhaga 50000 che ane temAM judAjudA daSTibiMduthI judAjudA purANone ra jeTalA kaleka mAnavAmAM Ave che. A purANa judA judA pAMca samAveza kare che. teo A badhA purANone cha vibhAgamAM khaMDomAM vaheMcAyela che. ane te suSTi, bhUmi, svarga, pAtAla vaheMce che. uttara evA nAmathI oLakhAya che ane viSayanI dRSTie joIe te A saMpUrNa purANamAM badhAja viDyo jevAke (1) eka vibhAgamAM evA prakAranA purANe gaNAvI zakAya ema 6 pitRo, devatAo, naSio, rAjAe, mekSa, sRSTi utpatti ke jemAM mAnava samAjane upayogI badhI vidyAo jevI ke avatAra, svapAtAla, 'pRthvI vagerenI vistRta carcA ane sAhitya, bhautika to AdhyAnaka jJAna vagereno samAveza varNana maLe che. thayela hoya. AjanA samayamAM jene ApaNe sarvajJAna saMgraha , vaNa parAza, athavA vizvakeza kahIe tevI paristhiti gaNAvI zakAya. A prakAramAM garUDa, agni ane nArada purANa gaNAvI zakAya. dArzanIkatAnI dRSTie viSNu purANunuM sthAna bhAgavata pachI (2) bIjo vibhAga evA purANAne gaNAvI zakAya jemAM mUkI zakAya. mukhyatve AmAM viSNunuM prAdhAnya maLe che. rAmAnuM. mukhyatve tIrtho ane vatanuM varNana maLe che ane AvA purA- jAcArya brahmasutra uparanA pitAnA zrI bhAgyamAM A purANamAMthI NamAM pala kaMda ane bhaviSya gaNavI zakAya. ghaNA udAharaNa uvRta kare che. AmAM vibhAgo che. je Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 214 aMzanA nAmathI jANItA che. kula adhyAya 126 che. A nAma Apela che. AmAM 137 adhyAya ane lagabhaga 9000 purANamAM prathama aMzamAM suSTi varNana, bIjA aMzamAM bhUgoLa jeTalA kaleke che. A saMpUrNa graMthane aMgrejI anuvAda varNana, trIjA aMzamAM varNAzramane lagatI vigate, cothA aMzamAM pArjITara dvArA thayela che. pAzcAtya vidvAnanI dRSTie A keTalIka aitihAsika vigate maLe che jemAM khAsa karIne caMdra purANa atyaMta prAcIna che. A purANamAM madAlasA AkhyAna, vaMzanA rAjAonuM varNana maLe che. pAMcamAM aMzamAM durgA saptazatI vigerenuM varNana maLe che. zrIkRSNanA caritranuM varNana che. ane chaThThA aMzamAM pralaya tathA bhakitanuM varNana che. sAhityanI dRSTie A purANu ghaNuM suMdara (8) agni purANa gaNI zakAya tevuM che. A purANamAM gadyanA udAharaNa paNa A purANa bhAratIya vidyAonA vizvakeza tarIke jANItuM maLe che. che. A purANamAM vividha prakAranI sAmAnya vidyAo vizenI (4) vAyu purANa badhI ja mAhitI ApavAmAM AvelI che. temAM lagabhaga 383 adhyAya che ane dareka adhyAyamAM aneka prakAranI vividha A purANu atyaMta prAcIna gaNAya che. saMskRta gadya kavi mAhitI ApavAmAM AvelI che. AmAM rAmAyaNa tathA mahAbANabhaTTa potAnA graMthamAM A purANa ullekha kare che. AmAM bhAratanI vArtAne saMkSepa, mUrti, vidhAna, zi95, rathApatya, kula 112 adhyAya ane lagabhaga 11000 leka che. A jyotiSa, Ayurveda, dharmazAstra, rAjanIti, chandazAstra, alaMkArapurANamAM cAra vibhAga che. je pAdanA nAmathI oLakhAya che. zAstra, keza, yegazAstra, adrata vidAMta vagere aneka prakAranA ane te (1) prakriyA pAda (2) anuSaMgapAda (3) udaghAtapAda viSayanI carcA thayelI che. ane (4) upasaMhAra pAda evA nAmathI jANItA che. (9) bhaviSya purANa (5) bhAgavata purANa A purANunI bAbatamAM vizeSa gUMcavADo jovA maLe che. A purANamAM sRSTi, cAra varNAzrama, bhUgeLa aneka ya, sAmAnya rIte bhaviSya purANane artha e karavAmAM Avyo tIrtha vagere viSayo temaja vividha vaMzenuM varNana maLe che. ke jemAM bhaviSyamAM bananArA prasaMgenuM varNana hoya. AthI khAsa karIne jaMbudvipanuM varNana vistRta rIte maLe che. temAM judA judA samaye aneka lokoe keTalIe vigata umerI dIdhI. A purANamAM aMgreje tathA keTalIka Adhunika vigatenI A purANa aneka dRSTie mahatvanuM gaNAya che. bhakita ane dharmanI dRSTie A purANa AkhA bhAratamAM prasiddha che. mAhitI paNa maLe che. AmAM kula pAMca vibhAga che. je parvanA vaiSNava saMpradAyanA leke te tene brahmasUtra jeTaluM ja mahatva nAmathI jANItA che. (1) brahmaparva (2) viSNuparva (3) zivaApe che. A purANamAM kula 13 vibhAga cheadhatA pava' (4) sUrya parvo (pa) pratisagaparva maLe che. ane kala nAmathI oLakhAya che. ane lagabhaga 18000 jeTalA zloko 14000 jeTalA kaleke che. A purANamAM khAsa karIne sUrya pUjA che. temAM bhakitanA aneka prasaMgonA varNana uparAMta jJAna, ane maga brAhmaNanuM varNaNa vizeSa rIte maLe che. kaliyugamAM darzana, bhArata, bhUgoLa, tIrtha, sRSTi vaMza, manvantara vagere viSayo mAM thayelA keTalAka rAjavaMzanuM varNana paNa maLe che. ane mukhyatve zrIkRSNa caritranuM vistRta vivecana maLe che. (1) brahma vaivarta pUrANu (6) nAradapurANa A purANamAM mukhyatve zrIkRSNa ane rAdhA tathA bIjI vividha devAonA caritranuM vistRta varNana che. khAsa karIne A purANamAM be vibhAga che. je pUrva bhAga ane uttara- rAdhAne mahatva ApavA mATe A parANa racAyuM hoya ema bhAga evA nAmathI oLakhAya che. temAM kula 207 adhyAye lAge che. A purANamAM cAra vibhAga che. brahmakhaMDa, prakRti ane 25000 leke che AmAM varNAzrama, prAyazcita, zrAddha, khaMDa, gaNeza khaMDa, ane zrIkRSNa janmakhaMDa evA nAmathI vyAkaraNa, nirUkata jyotiSa, chanda, vividha devanA maMtra, pracalita che. temAM kula 18000 jeTalA loko mAnavAmAM viSNabhakita vagere viSayenuM varNana maLe che. temaja judA judA Ave che. aDhAra purANonuM viSayavastu A purANamAM eka jagyAe saMkSiptamAM varNavela maLe che. (11) liMga purANa A purANamAM mukhyatve zaMkaranI liMga upAsanAnuM varNana (7) mArkanDeya purANa che. ane temAM lagabhaga 163 adhyAya ane 11000 leke A purANuM mArkanDeya triSie kahyuM hovAthI tenuM Ave che. A purANanA be bhAga che je pUrva bhAga ane uttara bhAga Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha evA nAmathI eLakhAya che. A purANamAM sRSTi varNana zaMkara dvArA kahevAmAM AvyuM che. ane Ama zaMkaranAM 28 avatArAnuM varNana paNa maLe che. ziva darzana zAstra athavA taMtrazAstra mATe A purANu agatyanuM gaNuAya che. (12) virAha purANa hAvAthI A purANamAM viSNunA virAha svarUpanuM mahatva tene AvuM nAma ApeluM che. AmAM lagabhaga 218 adhyAya ane 24000 jeTalA bleka che. AmA viSNune sabaMdhita evA tratAnu varNana maLe che. prasidhdha evu naciketA AkhyAna paNa A purANamAM maLe che. (13) kanda purANa A purANamAM zaivatattvanuM varNana heAvAthI tene Avu nAma Ape che. kaDhanA daSTie A purANu sAthI che temAM nAma (1) sanatakumAra sahi`tA (2) sUta sahitA (3) zaMkara saMhitA (4) vaiSNuva saM.kuMtA (5) brA sahitA (!) saura saMhitA ema cha vibhAga pADavAmAM Avela che. ane kula 81000 jeTalA zlAka che. A purANamAM ziva mahimA AcAra-dha, mukita, advaita vedAMta vividha gItAe vagerenu vistRta varNana maLe che. (14) vAmana purANa H A purANanA sabaMdha vAmana avatAra sAthe che. AmAM lagabhaga 95 adhyAya ane 10,000 zloka che. AmAM viSNunAM vividha avatAranuM varNana che. jemAM vAmana avatAranu' vizeSa vana che. A uparAMta temAM ziva-mahAtma, ziva-tI lIlA vagerenuM vana maLe che. ziva (15) kumapurANa : eka mAnyatA pramANe A purANanA cAra vibhAga hatA. (1) brahma saMhitA (ra) bhagavatI hiMtA (3) saurI sahitA ane (4) vaiSNavI sahitA paraMtu atyAre: mAtra brahma sahi tAnA bhAga ja maLe che. Ama A purANunAM zlokAnI saMkhyA lagabhaga 18000 mAnelI che. paraMtu atyAre mAtra 26000 ja maLe che AmAM kUrma avatAra ane zivanAM vana upara vizeSa bhAra mUkAelA che. A purANanAM be bhAga karelA che pUrva bhAga ane uttara bhAga jemAM pUrva bhAgamAM 5. adhyAya ane uttara bhAgamAM 44 adhyAya che pUrvabhAgamAM sRSTi vana, pAtI tapazcaryAM, kAzI mAhatmya, prayAga mahAtmyanuM varNana che. jyAre uttara bhAgamAM izvara gItA, vyAsa gItA, ziva sAkSAtkAra, Azrama vigerenuM vana maLe che. Jain Education Intemational. 215 (16) matsya purANa : A purANamAM lagabhaga 291 avAya ane 15000 jeTalA zloko che. ane temAM manvantara pitRe zrAddhakalpa, seAmavaMza, yayaticaritra, vrata, bhUgALa, ziva sabaMdhI vigatA matsyAvatAra, narmadA mAhatmya vagerenuM varNana maLe che. (17) garUDa purANa H- A purANamAM viSNue garUDane sRSTi varNana kahI saMbhaLAvyuM AthI AnuM nAma garUDapurANa paDayuM. AmAM 264 adhyAya ane 18000 zrlAka che. ane e khaMDa che. pUrva khaMDamAM vivigha vidyAonuM vana che jemAM ratna parIkSA, rAjanIti Ayurve, pazu-cikitsA, chandazAstra, sAMkhyayega, vagerene samAveza thAya che. bIjo bhAga uttarakhaDa je preta kalpanA nAmathI paNa eLakhAya che. jemAM manuSyanAM mRtyu pachI tenA kevA karmo pramANe kevI paristhiti thAya che. tenu vistRta varNana che. (18) brahmAMDa purANa H A purANamAM samasta prahmAMDanu varNana hAvAthI tenuM Avu nAma paDyuM che. bhuvana kozanuM varNana lagabhaga dareka purANamAM maLe che. paraMtuM A purANamAM vizvanuM sAMgeyAMga varNana maLe che. AmAM cAra vibhAga che. je prakriyA pAda, anuSagapAda, upaha 2 pAda ane upADvAMtapAda evA nAmathI oLakhAya che maLe che. jemAM aneka dhvIya, parvata, nadIo, va vagerenI A purANanAM prathama khaMDamAM vizvanuM vistRta bhaugAlika vana mAhitI maLe che. Ama ahiM ApaNe purANeAnAM kada tathA baMdhAraNanI dRSTie pAzrcaya meLavyo. eka vastu noMdhavI joie ke sAmAnya bhAratIya paraMparA evI che. ke A badhA ja purANeAnI racanA mahiSa veda vyAse karI hatI paraMtu taTasthatA pUrvaka abhyAsa karavAmAM Ave te ApaNe A mAnyatA svikArI zakIe nahIM kAraNu A badhA purANA judA judA samayanI ane sthaLAnI mAhitI Ape che. ane saMpradAyika rIte paNa judAjudA sidhdhAMtAne judAjudA purANAmAM vizeSa mahatva Apelu che. hajAro varSanAM samaya daramyAna A samagra purANeAnI racanA thayelI che. eTale koI eka purANu pahelA racAyuM pachI bIjuM pachI trIjuM ema mAnI zakAya eTaluM ja nahIM paraMtu ema jaNAya che ke koi eka purANu eka ja samayamAM eTale ke ceAkakasa pAMca varSanAM gALAmAM racAyuM hAya ema paNa nathI evuM paNa banela che ke eka eka purANamAM aneka prakAranAM vadhArA ghaTADA thayA haze. ane atyAre ApaNane prApta thAya che tenu mULa svarUpa nathI.

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asimatA-bhAga-2 AthI dareka purANunI ane keTalIka vakhata ekaja purANunAM judA keTalIe vigatene ka9panA dvArA khuba vistRta rIte purANomAM judA bhAgane samaya judo judo haze. ema mAnI zakAya. raju karavAmAM AvelI che. jethI eka tarapha te purANenA abhyAsa AvI ja rIte judAjudA purANanI racanA judAjudA sthaLoe dvArA ApaNane vividha jJAnanI mAhitI maLe che. te bIjI thaI haze ema paNa mAnI ene tevI purANanA racanA sthaLa tarapha veda samajavAnI cAvI paNa prApta thAya che. ane samayane vicAra karavAmAM Ave te A pramANe te vicArI purANomAM viSayano evo samAveza karela che ke jenAM zakAya. vAMcanathI mananI vRtio AnaMda pAme che. je vyakitane je eka bIjI vastu noMdhapAtra jovA maLe che ke upara gaNu- kAMI IcchA hoya te purANanAM abhyAsa dvArA maLI rahe che. vyA mujaba judAjudA aDhAra purANe pracalita che. mATe jJAnI lekene jJAnanI carcA sAmAnya vyakitane judIjudI bhAge dareka para 6 mAM AkAra para zuM nI yAdI ApavAmAM AvelI vidyAo vizenI mAhitI du:khathI kaMTALelA lekIne dhIraja hoya che ane A yAdImAM purAnA nAmane kuma eka ja ApatI vArtAo abhimAnI vyakitaonI AMkha ughADatI sara jovA maLe che. sAmAnya rI che jeIe te je vakhate AkhyAna kathAo vagere badhuM ja ApaNane purANomAMthI maLe jenuM mahatva batAvavAmAM AvatuM te vakhate tene prathama sthAna che. Ama kahI zakAya ke purANA e bhAratanAM vijJakAza athavA ApavuM joIe. dareka purANamAM judA judA saMpradAyanI vAta te sarva jJAna saMgraha che. karavAmAM AvelI hoya che. ane je te purANuM varNana karatI vakhate je te devane vadhAre mahatva Ape che. jema ke bhAga- purANe vividha prakAranAM aneka viSaya viSe mAhitI vata purANamAM zrI kRSNaliMga, purANamAM ziva, viSNu purANamAM Ape che. khAsa karIne purANanI mukhya viSaya sRSTi - varNana viSNu vagere Ama chatAM purANonA nAmanI yAdImAM je te ane bhuvana keSa varNana e be che. lagabhaga dareka purANa purANa pitAnuM nAma kadI paheluM mUkAtuM nathI. paraMtu je pRthvI uparanuM pRthvI uparanuM bhaugolika varNana Ape che je kaI purANomAM cokakasa krama che tene ja AgaLa mUke che. ane Aja kama salAma saMkSIptamAM hoya che te kaImAM vistRta hoya che. purANoe pramANe, ApaNe Upara purA viSe vyakitagata mAhitI A bhugoLa viSayaka vana be rIte e peluM che. eka samaya maLI che. vizvanI bhugoLa ane bIju bhAratavarSanI bhugoLa. ( purANonI saMkhyA aDhAra che. paraMtu vAstavika dRSTie parANe pitAnA bhuvanakezanAM varNanamAM eka prakAranI cokkasa vicAra karIe te A aDhAra purANomAM svataMtra graMtha nathI. rItane anusare che. ane temAM meru pavanuM sthAna kendrasthAne paraMtu jANe ke eka ja purANunAM aDhAra prakaraNa che, zarU- jovA maLe che. purANomAM pRthvIne kalama svarUpa mAnavAmAM AtamAM teo kaI eka mahAkAvyanA judAjudA adhyAya AvI che. jenA madhyamAM merU parvata lIlI che. Adhunika tarIke haze. ane pachIthI temAM UmerA thatAM eka eka daSTie A meru parvata eTale ke parvata te vize vidvAnamAM svataMtra purANa tarIke pracalIta thayA haze. A purANone krama matabheda che. keTalAka tene kAlpanika mAne che. te keTalAka tene prAcIna kALathI ja nakakI thayela che. je kama ApaNe upara himAlayathI uttara dizAmAM sAIbirIyAmAM AvelA che ema joye. jemAM paheluM purANu brahmavacce lagabhaga dazamuM purANuM mAne che. brAmauvata ane aMte aDhAramuM purANa brahmAMDa Ave che. purANomAM bIjI mahatvanI vAta dvIpa vizenI che. keTalAkamAM; sRSTi vidyAe purANane mukhya viSaya che. suSTine kama samagra pRthvInA cAra dvIpa mAnavAmAM AvyA che. te keTalAka purANomAM A pramANe sAmAnya rIte darzAvavAmAM Avyo sAta dvIpanI mAnyatA dharAve che. purANamAM moTe bhAge sAta che. A purAne Arama brahmajJAna thI zarU karavAmAM AvyuM dvIpanI mAnyatA para vadhAre bhAra mUkavAmAM Avela che, A che. ane madhyamAM paDoce che. tyAre brahmanuM brahmavata muka 2 brahmanuM brahmosaMta muka- mAnyatA pramANe AkhI pRthvI sAta dvIpamAM vaheMcAyelI che. ' vAmAM Avyu che. dhIre dhIre samagra brahmAMDanuM jJAna thaI jAya sADanuM zAnuM thaI jAya temAM jabudvIpa badhAnI madhyamAM che. A sAta dvIpa A tethI chevu purANuM brahmAMDa mUkela che. pramANe che. bhAratamAM jJAna karma ane bhaktinI upAsanA cheka vaidika (1) jaMbudvIpa kALathI pracalita che. veda apiruSeya ane Izvara praNIta tathA (2) plakSadvIpa zabda tathA brahma tarIke manAya che. samaya jatAM te guruparaMparAthI (3) zAhmalidvIpa samAjamAM prApta thayA e vakhate veda bhaNavane adhikAra (4) kuzadvIpa zudra ane strIone na hatuM. AthI temanA jJAna mATe tathA (5) kauMcadvIpa AnaMda mATe purANonI racanA karavAmAM AvI jenA abhyAsa (6) zAkadvIpa dvArA ane zravaNa dvArA jJAna meLavI zakAya. vedamAM AvatI (7) puSkaradvIpa Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha 210 (1) mahendra (2) malaya (3) sahya (4) zukitamAne (5) rUkSa (6) vidhya (7) pAyiAtra (1) mahendra parvata - kaliMgathI zarU thaI pUrva ghATanI parvatamALAne kahevAmAM Ave che. (2) malaya parvata - dakSiNa bhAratamAM Avela nIlagIrI parvatanAM nAmathI oLakhAya che. (3) sahya parvata - uttarathI dakSiNa dizAmAM phelAyela - pazcima ghATanI parvatamALA tarIke jANIto che. (4 zakitamAna - khAnadezanAM pahADo ajanTA tathA govalakonDAnA vibhAgone kahevAmAM Ave che. (5) rukSa - sAtapurAnI hAramALAne kahevAmAM Ave che. (6) vidhya - suprasidhdha viMdhyAcaLa parvata. (7) pariyotra - aDavAlanAM parvata. Ama purANomAM aneka sthaLa, nadIo, parvate vizenI mAhitI maLe che. paraMtu temAMthI atyAre bahu ochAne oLakhAvI zakAya che. - A badhAmAM jaMbudvIpane vistAra eka lAkha jana che, ane bAkInA badhA kAra uttarottara eka bIjAthI bamaNA vistAravALA che. A dareka dvIpamAM sAta mukhya nadIo ane sAta mukhya parvate mAnelA che. A badhA dvIpe atyAre kyA sthaLe sAthe oLakhAvavA te agharuM kArya che. emAMthI bahu ja theDA vize paricaya maLI zake che. jemAM zAka dvIpa agatyano che je AjanA IrAna. pUrva taraphanA bhAgane kahevAmAM Ave che. bIjo agatyane dviIpa jaMbudvIpa che. sAmAnya rIte jaMbudvIpa eTale bhAratavarSa ane eziyA khaMDane bhAga ema mAnavAmAM Ave che. jaMbudvIpanA nava bhAga pADelA che. je nava varSa tarIke oLakhAya che. temane A rIte mAnavAmAM Ave che. utta, kuru varSa hiraNyamaya varSa ramAka varSa ketuma:lavarSa - IlAvRttavarSa - bhadravarSa harivarSa kipurUSavarSa bhAratavarSa A badhAmAM atyAre bhAratavarSa sivAya bIjA nAme viSe cokkasa kazu kahI zakAtuM nathI. pRthvI cAra dviIpamAM vaheMcAelI che. evI eka mAnyatA upara ApaNe joI, temAM e zayAInI keTalIka nadIo vize ApaNane mAhitI maLe che. temAM eka ulekha e che ke gaMgA nadInI cAra dhArAe cAra judI judI dizAmAM vahe che ane te mukhya nadIo gaNAya che. jemAM eka dhArAnuM nAma sItA che je pUrvanAM bhadrAvamAMthI nIkaLI samudrane maLe che. bIjI dhArA alakanaMdA che. je dakSiNamAM bhAratavarSamAM thaI dakSiNa samudramAM maLe che. trIjI dhArA cakSu che je pazcima dizAmAM ketumAlamAM thaine pazcima samudrane maLe che. jethI dhArA bhadrA uttara kujhane pAra karIne uttara samudramAM maLe che. A badhAmAM be nAma oLakhI zakAya che. eka alakanaMdA je gaMgA tarIke ja bhAratamAM oLakhAya che. bIju nAma cakSu athavA vahyuM ke vaMkuM, jene yunAnanAM leke ekasasa tarIke oLakhe che je pAmIramAMthI nIkaLI asalanAM saDakamAM maLe che. sItA ane bhadrA eTale kaI nadIo haze te kahI zakatuM nathI. A badhI rIte keTalAka mukhya parvatanAM nAma paNa maLe che. jene kula parvata ane varSa parvata evA nAma ApelA che varSa parvata aTale eka bIjA varSanI vacce simA upara AvelA hoya che. je e bhAga batAve che. jyAre kula parvata be prAMtanAM vacce AvelA hoya che. ane temanI sarahada batAve che. bhArata varSamAM AvA sAta kula parvata Avela che. zubhecchA sAthe bacubhAI enDa kuM 665 mAdhavarAya galI mulajI jeThA mArakeTa muMbaI- 2 Jain Education Intemational

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218 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 LI[BINA + ke jIesaepha phora-pI yojanA eTale pranToka ekRta mATe dAta sAyakatonI tAlIma. che.vi.ke.nI ja pAka vimA yojanA" dvArA kheDUte ne aNadhArI kudaratI Aphatte sAme rakSaNa maLe che. jararI khetI kharca peTe beMka dvArA pUratA dhirANanI sagavaDa maLe che. pariNAme kheDUta vyavasAyika dhoraNe khetI kare che; pragati sAdhe che, A che chaesaephasInI karapI jinA, Mo gujarAta sTa pharTIlAIjharsa kaMpanI liTika jIesaephasInI phera-pI dejanA - saMpUrNa pAkasaMrakSaNa sahita saghana khetI - kheDUtone navIna haSTi apa che ke khetI e mAtra peDhI dara peDhIthI cAlI AvatuM jIvana nirvAhanuM sAdhana nathI paraMtu eka vyavasthita vyavasAya che. khetI vyApArI dhoraNe paNa thaI zake che ane te ja rIte teno vikAsa kara jarUrI che. udhogamAM jema mUDI rokANa ane kAcA mAla jarUrI che tema khetImAM paNa uttama biyAraNa, pharTIlAIjharsa ane jaMtunAzaka davAo temaja jamIna ane khetamajUrInI jarUra che. paraMtu vadhu agatyatA che. utpAdananA sAdhanA yogya ane kAryakrama upaganI. A mATe Avazyaka che. khetI viSayaka jJAna ane pigya khetavyavasthA. jIesaephasInI kopI pejanA A be mahattvanAM pAsAMonI pratyakSa jIbI karAve che. jIesaephasI -pI ejanA heThaLa kheDUto mATe kArya ' karatA niSNAtenA saMparkamAM kheDUta khetavyavasthAnA pratyeka kAryamAM kuzaLatA prApta kare che. kheDUta pote kharca, upaja, Avaka ane naphAnI daSTie sukhya khetavyavasthAnuM mUlyAMkana karatA zIkhe che. sAthe sAthe Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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rAmAyaNano divIjaya -ramina mahetA. bhAratIya saMskRtimAM 'rAmAyaNa ane mahAbhArata e be sAiberiyAmAM rAjA rAma... mahAkAvyanuM ghaNuM mahatva che. A baMne mahAkAvyane bhAratIya saMskRtinA AdhArastaMbha kahIe to paNa temAM atizayekita sAIberiyA e ezi nI uttaramAM dara Avele deza che. nathI. A baMne mahAkAvyamAMnA sarvottama tao ane preraka agAu A deza 'zibIra" tarIke oLakhAto haze. evuM manAya caritrae namUnArUpa Ardaza pUrA pADIne bhAratIya nAgarikenA che. tyA paNuM rAma-kathA rAmanuM khAtrAna" eTale ke "rAjArAma" janamAnasane ghaDavAmAM; susaMskAranuM siMcana karavAmAM ghaNo nA nAmathI hajAro varSothI loko sAMbhaLatA AvyA che. tyAM meTo phALo Ape che. emAM saheje zaMkA nathI. A be i. sa. 1182 thI 1251 daramiyAna kublaImAM nAmane samrATa mahAna kAbene lIdheja cheka dakSiNamAM rAmezvarathI uttaramAM thaI gaye. tenA gurunuM nAma hatuM paMDita AnaMda dhvaja temaNe himAlaya sudhI samagra bhArata deza bhAvanAtmaka dRSTie ekatA enTeniyana sADa subAzida' nAmane eka graMtha lakhele che temAM sAdhI zake che tenI sAkSI pUre che itihAsa A baMne edeni e ratnanuM" ane "subAzidi' e subhASitanuM mahAkAvyano prabhAva kevaLa ApaNA dezamAM ja paDe che. maMgeliyana bhASAnuM rUpa che. eno artha "subhASita ratnanidhi" evuM nathI khAsa karIne 'rAmAyaNane prabhAva to duniyAnA e karI zakAya. e graMtha vize hiona pAlsADa-pe" e TakA bIjA dezomAM paNa paDele jaNAya che. karelI che. temAM rAmAyaNano sArAMza maLI Ave che. temAM evuM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke laMkAdhipati rAvaNa janahitathI cIna ane tibeTamAM vimukha thavAne kAraNe vinAza pAmyuM. temAMthI nIce Apela ItihAsa tapAsatAM gaNAya che ke IsvI sananA AraMbhamAM ekamAtra utAreja lekane--khAsa karIne-janatAnA netAone kuzANa" vaMzanuM rAjya kAzIthI khetAna sudhI phelAyeluM hatuM. Ama mahAna saMdezo pUro pADe che. tenAM kAraNe tenI sAthe joDayelA deza para bhAratIya saMskR * elAna-dvara Akha belugsAna Therave khumuna demi tino prabhAva paDe e svAbhAvika che. cIna ane madhya eziyA AliyA nAgAdukhA. emyu Amura sAgubrubA igrena eksTrA vacce paraspara saMbaMdha baMdhAvAnuM bIjuM kAraNa e hatuM ke I. gAna dura neDa. ulu zinugmagAi jagusela dUra neDa. yese sa. 85 thI 105nA samaya daramiyAna cInI samrATa ho-ti" zinuksana - u- gema -Ivera erinda mAgesa - unA - ne senApati "yAna chAva e madhya eziyAnA keTalAka pradeza nigena bAgAna laMgA dUra AlADhAsAna " para caDAIo karI hatI. A saMpanA kAraNe bhAratIya sAhityanI sArI asara paDI hatI. * arthAta janatAnA netAoe, mahApurUe kSullaka I. sa. 472mAM 'ci-ciAca" e-sA-pAo-tsADa-ciDa evA AnaMdamAM magna thavuM na joIe. viSaya laMpaTa banavuM nAmanA graMthane AraMbha +AmAyaNathI karyo hate. 'ci-ciA-e na joIe, kAraNa ke lebhamAM paDavAthI ane kAma vivaza banasaMskRtanA 'kekaya' nAmanuM rUpAMtara che. A graMthanA upasaMhAramAM vAthI prA dhIna kALamAM rAkSasarAja laMkAmAM marAya hate. " rAmarAjyanAM bhAre guNagAna gAvAmAM AvyAM che. kaMbodhyAmAM rAmakIti? - I. sa. 580mAM nepALanA adhipati * aMzavama" nI dikarInAM lagna hAlAmAM karavAmAM AvelAM AthI 9hAsA ane kaDiyA pahelAM kAbAja' athavA "kaMbaja' tarIke bhArata vacce nikaTane saMbaMdha baMdhAye. te vakhate bhAratamAM prabhutva oLakhAtuM. tenI sthApanA svAyaMbhuva kaMbue karelI- e dezanI bhagavatA baudhdha sAhityanI tyAM asara pahoMce e sAva svAbhA- rAjadhAnI penamAM Aje paNa apsarA nRtye khUba loka vika hatuM. bauddha sAhityanA "anAmaka jAtaka" nuM 'kAMga-se-I priya che. tyAMthI ja saMskRta bhASAmAM lakhAyelA 9000 jeTalA nAmanA cInI lekhake cInI bhASAmAM rUpAntara karyuM hatuM. A zilAlekha maLI AvyA che. saMskRta ane pAlI bhASAne rUpAMtara 'liye-utRtnI nAmanA graMthamAM sthAna pAmeluM che. temAM tyAMnI bhASA para ghaNo prabhAva paDe che. tyAMnA virATa sabhArAma-sItAne vanavAsa sItA haraNa jaTAyu-vadha vAlI ane grahonI bhIMte para I. sa. 1200 mAM samrATa sUryavarmAna sagrIva vaccenuM yuddha sItAnI agni parIkSA vagere banAvavAnuM bIjAe "rAmAyaNa' ane 'mahAbhArata" nAM dazya aMkita rocaka varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che. tibeTamAMthI 'rAmAyaNa' nI karAvelAM che. tyAMnA sAhityamAM rAmAyaNa e "rAmakIti" nA keTalIye hastalikhita prate maLI Ave che. nAmathI pratiSThA pAmeluM che. Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bamikA sAka bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga-2 InDoneziyAmAM "vAlmikI rAmAyaNa' vagere doSamAMthI mana ane zarIrane mukata kara. atyaMta ahaM. InDoneziyA para paNa rAmAyaNane sAro evo prabhAva karathI dUra rahe, niMdA karIza nahi. kulIna kuMTuMbane garva paDeluM jovA maLe che. InDoneziyA jUnA jamAnAmAM dvIpAMtara karIza nahi, he bharata Aja sAcuM che. tarIke oLakhAtuM. tyAM maMdiranI bhIMte para citralipi uparokata dezo uparAMta rAmakathAno prabhAva InDo-cIna; delI che. e maMdire kAlakhaMDa I. sa. 900 nI Asa siyAma; brahmadeza ane bIjA keTalAka pazcimanA dezomAM paNa pAsano che. paDeluM jovA maLe che, InDocInamAM caMpA rAjyanI sthApanA InDoneziyAmAM khAsa karIne vAhimakI rAmAyaNa'nI savi. thayA pachI tyAM gayelA bhAratIya vepArIonI sAthe sAtha zeSa asara paDelI jovA maLe che. tyAM "kAkAlina-rAmAyaNa' 'rAmAyaNanI kathA paNa tyAM pahoMcI tyAMthI maLI AvelA bahu lokapriya baneluM che. tene racanAkAra megezvara kavi sAtamI sadInA zilAlekha parathI AvuM anumAna thaI zake che. hevAnuM manAya che. tene racanAkALa 11mI sadI gaNAya che. temane eka prasaMga bahu mArmika che; hRdayasparzI che. rAmane siyAmamAM "rAmAyaNa" e rAmakiyena'nA nAmathI pracalita vanamAMthI pAchA lAvavA mATe bharata jAya che. prabhu rAmacaMdra baneluM che; brahmadezanA lekapriya kAvyagraMtha "kAma" e vastutaH tene samajAvIne prajAnI sevA karavA pAcho mekale che. paNa rAmanATakanuM ja svarUpa che. sumeriana vaMzanA lake dazAvatAra zarUAtamAM bharata e salAha mAnato nathI. AthI rAmacaMdra paikI rAmAvatArane ja vizeSa mahatva Ape che. tene pitAnI pAdukA Ape che, ane tene jAta jAtane upadeza Ama bhAratIya saMskRtinA AdhAra 'Da samA rAmAyaNanI Ape che prabhu rAmacaMdra bharatane samajAve che, vaDavAIo eziyAnA anya dezo sudhI prasarelI jovA maLe zIla rahyuM rakSana! rAgadveSa hilaDa kena ! che. "rAmakathA'ne A digvIjaya ja gaNI zakAya. bhAratIya kimbarU yata hIlanuM zanyAkhyakata lavana avaku ! sAhityane A eka ja e graMtha che je ApaNA uccattama gehakAra yata hilana ! nindA tana gavayAkena ! tatvajJAna ane uttamottama jIvana mUlyathI ja paripUrNa evA taM janmamuhara vakra ! yeka prazraya sumukha | sAhitya ane vicAradhanane samagra vizvamAM phelAvo karavAnI kSamatA dharAve che. " kunta vizvama AryamanuM svapna sAkAra eTale ke cAritryanuM rakSaNa kara; rAgadveSa cheDI de IrSyA thayeluM jovA maLe che. zAha ramaNIkalAla manoradAsa saurASTra-kacchanA cIpha kIsTa.... guDalAsa nereleka peInTasa lI. - heDa ophiksa - lokhaMDa bajAra-bhAvanagara, -: brAnca ophisa :kRSNaparA zerI naM. 1, rAjakoTa Jain Education Intemational www.ainelibrary.org

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yuanazuAMga (hakuenasaMga)nI bhAratayAtrA -Do. je. ema. zAha jagatanA mahAna pravAsIomAM yu ane zuAMga (yuena saMga) jhaghaDA ubhA thayA. lekene aneka rIte trAsa paDavA lAgyo. A nuM nAma jhaLahaLe che. enuM Adarza jIvana ane sAhasamAMthI samaye yuenazuAMga ane emanA mAIemaThane tyAga karyo ane mAnavI ne preraNA maLe che. enA jIvanamAM ane prayatnamAM parvata pradezamAM jaI rahevA lAgyA. A pradezamAM bauddha dharma svArpaNanI bhAvanA tarI Ave che. jthenA abhyAsamAM yuenazuAMge be varSa gALyAM. A pradezamAM zAstrajJAna ane vicArazakita mATe temane khUba prasiddhi A pravAsInA mULa cInI nAmanA aneka judA judA nAme maLI. vIsa varSa pUrA thatAM yuenazuAMge ziMga-8 mAM aMgrejImAM prajAyelAM che, jANavA maLe che. (1) zvAna caMga saMpUrNa saMnyAsa grahaNa karyo ane pachI te dharmaguru tarIke (2) zuAna caMga (3) hu ena saMga (4) hu ena sAMga oLakhAvA lAgyA. (5) hyuena cAMga (6) yuana zuAMga vagere ApaNe jene hyuena saMganA nAme oLakhIe chIe tene cInanI prajA yuana cAMga-Ana nAme nagaramAM kAzagara ane bhAratanA bodha zuAMganA nAme Aje vadhu oLakhe che. bhikSaoe eka maTha sthApyo hato. A vidvAnoe A yuana zuAMganA jIvana vizenI mAhitI enI pravAsa maThamAM rahIne aneka saMskRta graMthane cInI bhASAmAM tarajUmo karyo hato. eka divasa A maDamAM bhikSuonI pariSada maLI kathA si-yu-kI ane enA ziSya bhikSu hyuI-lIe lakhela lAIpha pustakamAMthI maLe che. temAM yuena zuAMge dhama sUtre ane dharmazAstrone abhyAsa karatAM je zaMkAo utpanna thaI hatI te zaMkAo jAhera karI I. sa. 601 nI sAlamAM cIna dezamAM Aje honAna ku sabhAmAMnA paMDite ane bhikSuo temanI zaMkAonuM samAdhAna nAme oLakhAtA nagaramAM eka dharmaniSTha kuTumbamAM "yuana karI zakyA nahi ane temane jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM ke tArI zuAMgano janma thayo hato. enA dAdA cInanA jANItA A zaMkAonuM samAdhAna mAtra bhAratanA paMDite ane bhikSu vidvAna hatA ane pekiMganA mahA vidyAlayamAM AcArya hatA. e ja karI zake tema che. pitAnI zaMkAonA samAdhAna mATe A pravAsInA pitA "huI paNa kAryakuzala ane vidvAna hatA. bhArata javAne yuAna zuAMge pAko nizcaya karyo. A prabaLa temane vidyAbhyAsa tarapha anurAga hovAthI sarakArI nokarI IcchAe e jamAnAne vikaTa pravAsa kheDIne bhArata AvasvIkArI na hatI. vAnI tamannAne amalamAM mUkavAnI yuana zuAMgane pharaja pADI. yuana zugane traNa bhAIo hatA. teo sauthI nAnA hatA. nAnapaNa thI yuena zuAMgano dekhAva bhavya hatuM ane rAjakIya azAMti ane tephAnene kAraNe tene bhAratamAM javAnI tenA aneka kAryo paNa evA hatA ke jethI mAtA pitAne rajA rAjya taraphathI maLI nahi. yuazuAMganI mAtAne eka temanA pratye vadhu AkarSaNa hatuM. vakhata evuM snagna AvyuM hatuM ke tene putra sapheda vastra paherI pazcima dizAmAM dharmanI zeAdhamAM jAya che. A svapnanI vAta nAnI ummarathI te dharmagraMtha vAMcatA temanA eka bhAI tenI mAtAe yuanazuAMgane kahI hatI. A A vArtAe paNa cInamAM baudhdha sAdhu hatA. yuena zuAMganI dharmagraMtha tara yuanazuAMganI IcchAone vadhu majabUta karI hatI. eka vakhata phanI anurUcI joIne temanA bhAI temane potAnI sAthe yuana zuAMgane svapna AvyuM. A svapnamAM eNe joyuM te maThamAM rAkhatAM. ne pavitra baudhdha graMthano abhyAsa karAvatA. aphATa mahAsAgaranI madhyamAM sumeru parvata Ubhe che. tenI cAre bAra varSanI uMmare cInanA rAjAnA hukamathI te bodha tarapha aphATa mahAsAgaranAM vikarALa mejA uchaLe che bhikSu banyA thaDA ja samayamAM potAnI buddhizakitathI baudhdha tene sameru parvata pahoMcavAnI IcchA thaI tethI teNe bhikSuone AbhA banAvI dIdhA. zAstro ne dharmagraMtha samajA sAgaramAM jhaMpalAvyuM ekAeka sAgaramAMthI eka pASANanuM vavAnI ane vAkyanA navA navA artho kADhavAnI temanAmAM kamaLakUla phuTI nIkaLyuM temAM teNe paga mUkane kula sarI uttama zakita hatI. gayuM, te pahADanI taLeTImAM AvI gaye, A parvata paranuM caDhANa bhayaMkara hatuM chatAM teNe tenA para caDhavA prayatna zarU yuana zuAMga bauddha bhikSa banyA pachI thoDA ja samaya karyo. tyAM eka sakhta vAvAjhoDuM AvyuM ane te parvatanI bAda cInamAM "sUI rAjavaMzanuM patana thayuM gAtI mATe aneka Toce pahoMcI gayo. tyAMthI najara karatAM tene aneka deze Jain Education Intemational

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222 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 dekhAyA je dezonI yAtrAe te nIkaLavAno hato te ja deza Asana ane vastra vizenI mAhitI ApatAM te jaNAve teNe svapnAmAM joyA hatA. che ke jyAre leke bese che ke sUve che tyAre Asana ke caTAI ne upayoga kare che. loke pitAnA mobhA ane Arthika aneka vicAro karyA pachI teNe bhArata AvavA mATe pravAsa sthiti pramANe judA judA prakAranI caTAI vApare che. rAjAne zarU karyoA samaye tenI ummara 28 varSanI hatI. te maja besavA mATe Asana UMcuM banAvavAmAM Ave che. tenA para bUta bAMdhAne tejasvI mukhavALA ane madhura, svaccha tathA kiMmatI ratna ane raMgIna kismatI kApaDa pAtharavAmAM Ave che raNutA kaMTha svaravALe hatuM, tenI AMkhonuM teja ane svabhA ene siMhAsana kahevAmAM Ave che. loko potAnI zakita vamAM paruSatva ane namratA bannenuM apUrva saMmizraNa hatuM. rAjAne manAi hukama hovAthI tene saMtAIne rAtrInA samaya pramANe besavAnA Asane banAve che. daramyAna cInathI bhArata AvavA pravAsa zarU karavo paDaze, tene bhAratIya prajAnA pazAka vize te jaNAve che ke leke sapheda bhArata pravAsanA samaya daramyAna aneka muzkelIone sAmane vastro paheravAM vadhu pasaMda kare che, jyAre raMgIna kapaDAM ochA karavo paDe aneka duHkha veThIne teNe bhAratano pravAsa karyo. pramANamAM vApare che teo zarIra para kapaDAM vIMTe che. strIonAM eTaluM ja nahi paNa eNe je kaMI joyuM, sAMbhaLyuM ane kapaDAM jamIna sudhI laTakatAM rahe che. teo potAnA khabhAne anubhavyuM tenI badhI vigate te ge nAMdhI tenI A noMdha- barAbara DhAMkI de che. mAthA uparanA vALa bAMdhe che. Aju bAju pothInI lagabhaga badhIja vigate Aje jaLavAyelI maLe che paranA bAkInA vALane Ama tema uDatA rAkhe che puruSe potAnA e vigatene AdhAre "si--yu-kI" ( pravAsa varNana ) che kapAve che. mAthAnA vALamAM gaLAmAM ane hAtha para nAme eka graMtha tayAra karavAmAM AvyA che. A strI para kalanI mALAo bAMdhe che. loko rezamI, sUtarAu, graMthamAMthI bhArata vizenI bhAratanA prAcIna itihAsa, unanAM ane rUMvATIvALAM cAmaDAMnA vastro pahere che. rUMvATIvALA bhUgoLa ane samAjazAraane upANI aneka mAhitI cAmaDAM ane unamAMthI banAvelAM vastro bahu ochAM banatAM prApta thAya che. A cInI pravAsIne pravAsa nedha lakhavAnI hovAthI tenI kiMmata khUba ja rahe che. je pradezamAM ThaMDI bahu eka cokakasa prakAranI Teva ane samajane kAraNe i. sa. nA paDe che tyAnA leke unanAM ke rUMvATIvALAM cAmaDAnA vastra sAtamA saikAnI cakkasa ane seTa mAhitI ApaNane Aje pahere che dekhAvamAM rUMvATIvALAM vastro khUba suMdara lAge che. baddha maLe che. teNe je bAbate jAte jeI che tenI vigato te dharmamAM jAdA judA vicAra dharAvatA ane judA judA pa thAmAM pramANe Ape che. je sAMbhaLelI mAhitI ApI hoya te te Asana che je 1 1 mAnatA ke judA judA prakAranAM vastro pahere che. keTalAka spaSTa jaNAve che ke A pramANane sAMbhaLavA ke jANavA maLyuM che. morapIcha dhAraNa kare che. te keTalAka loko e parI ane DADa yuana zuAMge tenI pravAsa naMdhamAM bhArata nAma kevI kAMnI mALA AbhUSaNa tarIke pahere che. te keTalAka loko vacce rIte paDyuM ? bhAratanuM kSetraphaLa mApa, jyotiSa vagerenI vinA (digaMbara) rahe che. keTalAka leka jhADanI chAla ke mAhitI ApI che. bhAratanA nagaro ane tenI ImArata vize pAMdaDAMnA vastra dhAraNa kare che. keTalAka leke dADhI ane muMchane te jaNAve che ke nagara ke gAmamAM pesavA mATe cokakasa muMDAve che. te keTalAka tene khUba pramANamAM vadhAre che loko rastAo ke daravAjAo hoya che. rastAnI banne bAjue eka sarakhe pizAka paheratA nathI temaja pozAkanA raMge paNa makAne AvelA hoya che. rastAo, galIo evI hoya che ke judA judA hoya che. zramaNa loka judA ja prakAre vastro dhAraNa mANase temAM bhUlA paDI jAya rastAnI baMne bAjue thAlAlA kare che. tenI vigato teNe ApI che. hoya che. tenA lakhANa parathI yogya sUcanAo maLe che. kAI, kSatriya ane bAhmaNonA vastro svaccha ane Arogya mAchImAra, nRtyakAro jalada ane harijano nagaranI banDAra vardhaka hoya che. rAjA ane enA maMtrIonA pozAkamAM bheda hoya makAna banAve che. A lekene rastA para DAbI che teo ratnajaDIta vacce mAthA para pahere che. moTA vepAbAjue cAlavAnI AjJA che keTalAMka makAne nAnI nAnI rIo khAsa prakAranI vIMTIo pare che. te e ughADe page rahe divAlavALA ghAsanA banAvelA hoya che nagaranA rakSaNa mATe che. pitAnA dAMta lAla raMge che. kAnamAM kANuM paDAve che A iMTonA keTa banAvelA che. keTalAMka makAne mATInAM, lAkaDAnAM lekanI AMkho meTI ane suMdara hoya che. jyAre nAka lAMbu ke vAMsanA banAvelAM hoya che. kaI kaI vaDatumAM makAnanI ane AkarSaka lAge che. pAse kule mukavAmAM Ave che. saMdhArAme jUdA jUdA prakAranA banAvavAmAM Ave che tenA pravezadvAra tathA nIcenA bhAganI hyuena saMge kheMcyuM che ke bhAratIya prajA zarIrane khUba divAle raMgIna banAvavAmAM Ave che bhikSuo mATe rahevAnI svaccha rAkhe che. badhA loko bhejana pahelAM snAna kare che. eka sarasa vyavasthA karavAmAM Ave che. teNe khAsa noMdha karI che vakhata jamyA pachI bAkInuM bhajana apavitra gaNavAmAM Ave che. ke saMdhArAmanA praveza dvArA pUrva dizAmAM rAkhavAmAM Ave mATInA pAtramAM janmyA pachI tene bIjI vakhata kAmamAM levAmAM che tevI ja rIte rAja siMhAsana paNa pUrva dizAmAM rAkhavAmAM AvatAM nathI. evI ja rIte lAkaDAnAM ane paththaranAM pAtrone Ave che. jamyA pachI nAza karavAmAM Ave che. enuM, cAMdI, tAMbu ane ra pI che. bhAratanA naga2pavA mATe cokkasa che ane pizAka paheravA, Jain Education Intemational

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smRti sada' graMtha lAkha DanA vAsaNAne jamyA pachI dhAine kAmamAM levAmAM Ave che. bhAjana pachI loko kogaLA karI raheAMne sApha kare che. hAtha ane mhAM barAbara sApha karavAmAM Ave che. savAre zaucakama ane bIjI kriyA pUrI karyA pachI ja teo eka bIjAne aDake che. zaucakama pachI tee snAna kare che ane zarIre sukhaDa kesara jevA suvAsita drabyA lagADe che. rAjAnA snAnanA samaye nagArU vagADavAmAM Ave che, ane lAke te samaye vAdyaya MtrAnI sAthe bhajana gAya che. dhArmika pUjana ane prAnA pahelAM leAkA snAna kare che. agni parIkSAmAM gunegAra doSita che ke nirdeSa che te jANavA mATe tene leADhanA eka garama karelA tavA para esADa loko 47 akSaronI lipi jANe che, A akSaremAMthI icchA pramANe zabdo banAve che. jUdA jUdA pradezeAmAM vavAmAM AvatA athavA tene paga tenA para mUkAvAmAM AvatA mALAnA akSaronA uccArAmAM bheda paDe che. ane e rIte ke hAthathI garama tavA tene pakaDAvavAmAM AvatA jo te Ama judA judA pradezamAM zabdonA jUdA jUdA uccArA karavAmAM karavA taiyAra thAya te tene nirdoSa mAnavAmAM AvatA paNa jo te Ave che. gunegAra hAya teA bhayabhIta thai gabharAtA AvA prasaMge phUlanI kaLIne agnimAM phekavAmAM AvatI jo te khIle te tene nirdoSa mAnavAmAM AvatA. bALakone vyavasthita zikSaNa ApavAnI vyavasthA che. sAta varSathI meATI ummaranA bALakone pavidyAe zikhavavAmAM Ave che. jyAtiSa vidyA cikitsA, vagerenuM jJAna ApavAmAM Ave che zarIranA rakSaNu mATenu jJAna, guptamA, sabaMdhI mAhitI zAsracikitsA ane jaDIbuTTIe aMgenu jJAna ApavAmAM Ave che. hetu vidyA ane zilpasthAnavidyA zikhavavAmAM Ave che chevaTe adhyAtmavidyA zikhavavAmAM Ave che brAhmaNe ne cAra vedonuM jJAna ApavAmAM Ave che. jyAre auddha vidyAthI one piTaka aMgenu jJAna ApavAmAM Ave che. temanA jaNAvyA pramANe bhAratamAM cAra jAtIo hatI brAhmaNA zuddha AcaraNavALA gaNAtA. teo dharmanI rakSA karatA kSatrIe rAjavaMzI gaNAtA. rAjyanA kArabhAra saMbhALatA teo khUba vALu rahetA. vaizyalAka vepAradhaMdho karatA deza videzamAM vepAra kheDatA ane lAbha uThAvatA zudro khetI karatA parizramanA badhA kAme| A prajA karatI. tulA parIkSAmAM mAnavI ne eka paththarathI jokhavAmAM AvatA auSadhitheDIvAra pachI pharI tene teja vajanathI jokhavAmAM AvatA, jo mAnavIvALuM pallu halaku thayelu mAlama paDeto tene nirdoSa mAnavAmAM AvatA jo mAnavI gunegAra hAya teA tenu pallu name tema mAnavAmAM AvatuM. eka vakhata lagna thayA pachI srI khIjIvAra lagna karI zakatI nathI tema te jaNAve che. A samayanA yuddhamAM vaparAtA jUdA jUdA thiyAnI mAhitI ApI che te jaNAve che ke bhAlA, DhAla, dhanuSa tIra, talavAra, khaMjara pharasI vallabha, marI jevA aneka hathiyAra nA upayAga karavAmAM Ave che. B che. tene dezanikAla ke jaMgalamAM mokalI ApavAnI zikSA karavAmAM Ave che. khaDuM thADA gUnAomAM Arthika daMDa karavAmAM Ave che. gunegArane zeAdhI kADhavA mATe jala parikSA agni parikSA, tulA parIkSA, ane viSa parIkSA karavAmAM Ave che. jala parIkSAmAM gunegArane meATA paththara sAthe bAMdhI eka thelImAM pUrI pANImAM nAkhI devAmAM Ave che jo te tare te tena nirdoSa mAnavAmAM Ave che ane jo te DubI jAya te tene gunegAra mAnavAmAM Ave che. lokonu vana sArU ane AdaraNIya heAya che ApavA levAmAM pramANika ane IzvaranA DarathI gabharAtA hAya che teo ApelA vacanane pALe che gunegAro tathA dezadrohIo bhAgyeja hAya che. rAjyahukamane anAdara karanAra ane dharma zAstro pramANe nahi vanArane kaDaka zikSA karavAmAM Ave che koi koi vakhata vaphAdArInA bhaMga ke gUnA mATe nAka kAna kApI levAmAM Ave viSa parIkSAmAM eka gheTu' magAvavAmAM Avatu tenA pagamAM ghA karavAmAM AvatA pachI jheravALe gheADI padArtha tenA ghA para mUkavAmAM AvatA jo pazu marI jAya teA tene gunegAra gaNuvamAM AvatA jote jIvatuM rahe te tene nirdoSa gaNavAmAM AvatA Ama upara jaNeAvelI cAra rIteA dvArA gunegAranI parIkSA karavAmAM AvatI. lAke ekabIjAnA pratye Adara satkAra batAvavA aneka judI judI kriyAo kare che. (1) vakhANu kare che (ra) mAthu' namAve che. (3) hAtha aa karI mAthu namAve che. (4) hAtha joDI vaMdana kare che. (5) ghuMTaNe paDe che. (6) daMDavata praNAma kare che. (7) gALa pradikSiNA karI jamInane page lAge che. (8) jamInapara sUi zarIranA badhA aMge jamInane aDADe che. loko eka bIjA taraph madhura zabdo bele che ne AzI rvAda Ape che je dhArmika kriyAe pramANe jIvana jIve che tenA pratye apAra heta ane mAna batAvavAmAM Ave che. bimAra leAkeAnA IlAja mATe khAsa mAhitI Ape che. e bimAra paDe che. tene sAta divasa sudhI upavAsa karAvavAmAM Ave che. tenAthI meTA bhAganA lAke sArA thaI

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 , jAya che. paNa jeone roga jIte nathI teone auSadhi senA sImAonuM rakSaNa kare che ane vidrohIone zikSA ApavAmAM Ave che. vaidya leke jUdA jUdA roga maTADavAmAM kare che. senAnA mANasa rAtrInA samaya daramyAna killAmAM niSNAta hoya che. dhyAna rAkhe che jarUrIyAta pramANe lazkaramAM bharatI karavAmAM Ave che teone cokkasa vetana ApavAmAM Ave che maMtrIo jyAre ke mANasa mRtyu pAme che. tyAre tenA sagAva daMDanAyako ane rAjyanA bIjA karmacArIone cheDI DI hAlAM jora jorathI raDe che ane teo potAnA kapaDAM phADI nAkhe jamIna ApavAmAM Ave che. che vALa kADhI naMkhAve che ane hAthathI chAtI kUTe che. teo zeka batAvavA kaI khAsa prakAranA vastra paheratA nathI. zeka bhAratanA judA judA bhAgomAM judI judI vanaspati thAya che. keTalA samaya sudhI manAvo tenA paNa cokakasa niyama nathI. kula-phaLe, vRkSo ane choDavAmAM aneka nAmanA ne aneka prakAranA zabanA aMtima saMskAra traNa rIte thAya che. agnidAha ApIne thAya che. tenA keTalAka nAmo A pramANe che. AMbalI, pIpaLe pANImAM zabane vahevaDAvIne athavA zabane jaMgalamAM jaI umaraDo, kapittha, AMbA, nAriyela vagere leka atu pramANe khetI nAkhI AvavAmAM Ave che. jyAre rAjA mRtyu pAme che tyAre karatA ane vR ugADatA bhAratanA meTA bhAganA pradezamAM pahelAM tenA uttarAdhikArIne nImavAmAM Ave che. pachI aneka jAtanA phaLanA vRkSa hatA. joke baLadanI madadathI rAjAne agni saMskAra karavAmAM Ave che. je makAnamAM jamIna kheDatA thaDA cheDA samayane aMtare ArAma karatA. keTalIya mAnavInuM mRtyu thAya che te makAnamAM leke jamatA nathI paNa jAtanA choDavAonI iMenasaMge vigato ApI che lasaNa DuMgaLI dhArmika kriyA pUrI thaI gayA pachI leke pahelAMnI mAphaka bahu ochA pramANamAM taiyAra karavAmAM Ave che lasaNa ane rahevA lAge che. jeo zabane agnidAha Ape che. tene azuddha DuMgaLI bahu ochA leke khAya che je loko A vastuo mAnavAmAM Ave che. tene nagaranI bahAra snAna karavuM paDe che khAya che tene nagara bahAra kADhI mukavAmAM Ave che ke ane pachI ja potAnA makAnamAM jaI zake che. khAvApIvAmAM dUdha, mAkhaNa ane malAIne khUba upaga kare che geLa, khAMDa ane sarasavanA telano upayoga anAja sAthe raziSTa hoya che ane gharaDA hoya che. vaLI duHkha sahana kare che. teo dA nadA prakAranA bhejane banAve che mAchalI karavAnI IcchA rAkhatA nathI teo sverachAe potAnA saMbaMdhI gheTAM ane haraNanA mAMsane khAvAmAM khUba upayoga karavAmAM ) ene bolAvIne eka samAroha goThavI pANImAM jAte ja DUbI Ave che teo baLada gadheDa, hAthI, dhADe. suara, katare. mare che teo ema mAne che ke A rIte marI javAthI teo ziyALa, jharakha, varU, vAgha ane vAMdarAnA mAMsane khAtA nathI. navA janmamAM devatAomAM janma meLave che. sanyAsIo marelA temaja je prANInA zarIra para khUba pramANamAM vALa hoya tenA o pAchaLa raDatA nathI ke zoka karatA nathI. jayAre koI mAMsane paNa teo khAvA lAyaka gaNatA nathI. je leke niSedha saMnyAsInA mAtA-pitAnuM mRtyu thAya che. tyAre te teo pratye karelA pazuone AhAra kare tenA pratye samAjanA bIjA leke pitAne prema batAvavA prArthanA kare che ane temanA pratye tiraskAra batAve che ane teone nagaranI bahAra rahevAnI Adara batAvavA temanA upakArone yAda kare che. saMnyAsIo paDe che. ema mAne che ke Ama karavAthI teonA dhArmika vicAro ane jJAnamAM vRddhi thAya che. dArU ane mAdaka pINAM aneka prakAranAM hoya che. drAkSa ane zeraDInA rasane pavitra mAnavAmAM Ave che. kSatriya tene pIdhe rAjyanA vahIvaTa kAra sajajane che ke pAsethI jora julamathI che ne tenA zarAbane pIve che vaye ucI jAtanA zarAba pIve che kAma levAmAM AvatuM nathI rAjyanI jamInanI Avaka cAra vibhAgamAM je vadhAre mAdaka hAya brAhmaNa ane zramaNe drAkSa ane zeraDI vaheMcavAmAM AvI che. pahelA bhAgamAMthI je Avaka Ave che nAM rasamAMthI banAvelA sarabate pItA AvA zarabatamAM dArUnA. temAMthI ane dhArmika utsavo ujavavAmAM Ave che. bIjA bhAgamAMthI asara rAkhavAmAM AvatI na hatI. rAjya karmacArIo tathA rAjyamaMtrIonAM kharca kADhavAmAM Ave che, trIjA bhAganI jamInanI AvakamAMthI sajajanene InAma Apa- gRhasthI mANasanI jarUriyAtanI aneka vastuo leke vAmAM Ave che. jyAre cothA bhAganI AvakamAMthI dhArmika puru pAse rahetI varNazaMkara ane nIca jAtinA lokomAM koI tapha ne dAna ApavAmAM Ave che. rAjyanA kheDUte zrImaMta che teo vata na hatuM. sAmAnya loko ane halakI jAtinA leke je pitAnI Avakane 1/6 bhAga kara tarIke Ape che vepArIo vAsaNe vApare che. temAM bheda hoya che. bhArata nA leke varALadeza videzamAM vepAra kare che. teone nadIne kinAre ane tenI madadathI bhAta taiyAra karavAnuM jANatA na hatA tenI yuAna rastAo para thaDe kara Apavo paDe che. jyAre koI moTA zuAMge khAsa noMdha lIdhI che. ane tenA pravAsa varNanamAM A kAma mATe acAnaka mANasenI jarUra ubhI thAya che tyAre bAbatanI teNe TIkA karI che bhAratanA loko moTe bhAge mATInA, majurone lAvavAmAM Ave che ane majUrInA badalAmAM temane vAsaNe vAparatA tAMbAnA vAsaNa bahu ochA pramANamAM hatA. vetana ApavAmAM Ave che. keInI pAse maphata kAma karAvavAmAM bhAyatanA loko khAvAnI badhI vastuo ekaja thALImAM mUkatA AvatuM nathI. ane hAthanI madadathI khAtA teo camacAno khAvAnAM uyayega* Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti saMDha pratha karatA nathI tenI teNe noMdha karI che. jamatI vakhate pyAlAno upayeAga karatA nathI paNa jyAre tee bimAra paDe che. tyAre tAMbAnA pAlAthI pANI pIve che tenI te khAsa noMdha le che. vepAranI ghaNI vigatA teNe ApI che. seAnuM cAMDhI ane tAMbu jamInamAM dhI kADhavAmAM Avatu aneka prakAranA kimmatI paththara ane ratno vepAra dvArA paradezamAMthI meLavavAmAM AvatA bhAratanA vepArIe vinimayanI prathA dvArA vepAra karatA vepAramAM teo khUba kamAtA tenI mAhitI yuanazu AMge ApI che. te yuana zuAMganA bhAratanA pravAsanI vigate teNe A rIte jaNAvA che lamagAna nagarahAra thaI gAMdhAra AvyA tyAMthI udyAna veAlara, takSazilA, siMhapura, uraza, kAzmIra, punaca, rAjapurI thaI TakakAnA pradezamAM AvyA TakakAthI. cinApaTI, jAlaMdhara, kuTa, tadna, paryAtra, mathurA thANezrvara, khrughna matipura brahmapura, geAvizana, ahikSetra vIra sana, ne kapitha thaI anya kukhzane pravAsa karyAM. kAnyakubjethI ayeAdhyA hayasukha prayAga kauzAmbI, vizAkhA thaI zrAvatanA pravAsa karyAM tyAMthI te AgaLa vadhI kapilaAstu rAmagrAma kuzInagara, vArANasI, gAjhIpura, vaizAlI, vrujI, nepAla magadha, vagere pradezeAnI noMdha leteA pravAsa karyAM magadhathI, hiraNyamavatA, caMpA, kaeNjidhara purNAna, kAmarUpa, samatara tAmralipti, thaI kaNuM, suvaNaeN AvyA. tyAMthI uda, kenyAdha kaliMga kesala, andhra, ghanakaTaka, cAla viDa, mAlakUTa vagere pradezeAnI noMdha lete pravAsa karyAM. kAMkaNapura, mahArASTra thai te bharu kacchamAM Avye mAlavA, aTalI, ke 7, valanA AMnadapura, saurASTra, gurjara urjA yanI cikiTo mahezvarapura, pitra, mulasthAnapura vagere pradeze!nI noMdha letA pravAsa karyo Ama bhAratanAM ghaNAM pATanagarA auddhavihArA ane nAladA jevA vedyAdha meAnI tANe mulAkAto lIdhI ane tenI sArI evI mAhitI ApI che. keTalAMka sthaLeAmAM te jAte na jai zakayA to tevA pradezeAnI mAhitI meLavI tenI paNa noMdha karI te vidhAdhAma nAlaMdAmAM rokAyA hatA. bhAratanA nyAtiSanI khyAti kevI hatI tenI mAhitI yuanazuAMge ApelI mAhuitImAMthI maLe che tene nigraMtha sAdhu (nagna jaina sAdhu)nA laTA thayA taNe A sAdhu pAsa pAvAnuM bhaviSya jANavA kSo pUchyA. yuanazuAMga mAdarevatana javA mATe taiyArI karavA lAgye uttama prakAranA graMtho ane pratimAe teNe bhegI karavA mAMDI nAlaMdAnA bhikSuone jyAre AnI jANa thai tyAre teo lAga siMhalaNIvaza banyA temaNe yuana zuAMga ne bhagavAna buddhanI puNya bhUmimAM ja rokAi javA vinavavA lAgyA. yuanazuAMge javAba ApyA ke bhagavAna budhdhe AkhI duniyAnA bhalA mATe dharma sthApyA che tethI jemane enA lAbha maLyA che temaNe bIjAo jemane e lAbha maLyA nathI temane Apave adhakAranA nAza karavA javA mAguM chuM. cuManezuAMganA joI e AgaLa khAlatA jaNAvyuM ke huM mArA dezamAM AvA vicAre joI AcAya zIlabhadrane AnaMda thayA. (1) " huM mArA vatana cInamAM jai zakIza ?" (2) " huM ahIM raDuto sArUM ke vata,mAM javuto sArU ! '' huM keTaluM jIvavAnA chuM. " (3) " sAdhue uparanA prazno sAMbhaLI jamIna para eka kuMDALI dorI ane javAba ApyA ke tamAre ahIM rahevu' sArU che. ahIM ApanA pratye badhA bhaktimAtra rAkhe che tamArA nasI 225 khamAM cIna pAchA pharavAnu che. pAchA pharavu' paNa sArUM che tame hajI daza varSa jIvavAnA cho. yuana zuAMge prazna karyAM mArI IcchA te deza pAchA javAnI che paNa asaMkhya pratimAo ane pustako lai huM mArA dezamAM pahoMcIza kharA? A praznanA javAmamAM jaina sAdhue jaNAvyu ke enI ciMtA na karo zilAditya rAjA (samrATa harSa vardhana) ane kumArarAja (bhAskara varmA) svecchAe tamArI sAthe mANasA mekalaze. tame jarUra tamArA vatanamAM salAmata pahoMcaze. A sAMbhaLI yuana zuAMga phrI prazna pUchyA ke A be rAjA mAMthI ekane meM hajI joyA nathI. te emanI AvI kRpA mArA para kevI rIte ze ? A praznane nA dUta be traNa divasamAM ja tamArI pAse AvI pahoMcaze ne javAba sAMbhaLIne jaina sAdhue javAba ApyA ke kumArarAja kumArarAjane maLyA pachI tame zilAditya (havana) ne paNa maLazeA ATaluM kahI tenagna sAdhu cAlatA thayA pAchaLathI A vAtapramANeja badhu banyuM A batAve che ke bhAratamAM jayAtiSa vidyAnA sarasa vikAsa thayA hatA ane cAkakasa vijJAnanA rUpamAM pracalita hatuM A paradezIe bhAratIya jyetiSanA karelA vakhANa kharekhara ApaNa ne gaiArava apAve che? e divasa pachI zIlabhadrane kumAra rAjaneA patra maLyA temAM lakhyuM hatuM ke yuanazuAMgane mokalelA temanAM dAna karavA Atura chuM. zIlabhade . AnA javAba meAphalyA ke teo pAtAnA mAdarevatana pAchA javA Atura thayA che mATe tamAre tyAM AvavAnuM emanAthI nahI ane A javAba sAM taLI kumArarAje pharI tane meAkalyA ane jaNAvyu ke kRpA karI gheADA divasa mATe yuanazuAMgane mekalI Ape| paNa zIlabhade kumArarAjanI vinaMtI svIkArI nahi. kumArarAjAe trIjo dUta mAkalI jaNAvyu ke Apano A ziSya (kumArarAja) sAdhAraNa mANasanI jema dunyavI mAja majhAmAM paDelA che. paNa videzI bhikSunuM nAma sAMbhaLI tenA aMtaramAM AnaMda AnaMda thaI gayelA che. peAte ema mAne che ke temanA hRdayamAM have jJAnanuM A vavAze to zuM Apa emane nirAza karaze ? AkhI duniyAnA uddhAra mATe apAyelA dharmAMno

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226 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 pracAra zuM Apa AvI rIte kare cho! pite pharI emane tyAM pAMca lAkha mANase hAjara rahyA hatA. mekSa parivaTuM mokalavA mATe lakhe che ane je A vakhate teo nahi Ave samApta thayA pachI yuenazuAMge pitAnA mAdare vatana javAnI to pitAnI dubuddhi jema kaheze tema karaze jarUra paDe te rajA mAgI. harSanA AgrahathI te bIjA 10 divasa rokAI pitAnuM lazkara ane hAthI vaMToLiyAnI jema tyAM utArI gayA. kAmarUpanA kumArarAje yuenazuAMgane pitAnA rAjayamAM pADaze ane nAlaMdAnA maThane dhULa bhego karI nAkhaze. emAM rahevA jaNAvyuM ane 100 (so) saMghArAme baMdhAvI A vA saheja paNa phera nahi paDe mATe gurUjI pUro vicArI joje. vacana ApyuM. paNa yuenazuAMga pitAnA vatanamAM javA A dhamakI bharyo. patra maLatAM zIlabhadra hasIne yuna khUbaja Atura hato teNe kumArarAjane jaNAvyuM ke sUtramAM kahyuM che ke mANasa dharmajJAnanA pracArane aTakAve che te jame zuAMga javA mATe rajA ApI. rAjadUta sAthe yuenazuAMga janma AMdhaLA thAya che. harSe paNa A sAMbhaLI pitAne kAmarUpa gayo. tyAM tene bhavya satkAra karavAmAM AvyA. virodha cheDI dIdhuM. ane uparathI jaNAvyuM ke tamAre kayA laDAImAMthI pAchA pharatA zilAditya (samrATa harSa) ne mAge thaI pAchA pharavuM che ane rastAmAM tamAre zuM zuM khabara maLI ke yuenazuAMga kumArarAjane tyAM che tethI zilA joIze? bhAratanA rAjavIo kevA premALa hatA tene paradezIne ditya yuenazuAMga ne belAvavA mATe kumArarAjane tyAM pitAne nA ahI paricaya thAya che. dUta meka paNa kumArarAje jaNAvyuM ke keIe to mAruM mAthuM le paNa dharmaguru (yuenazuAMga) nahi maLe. A samA- bhAratamAMthI yuenazuAMgane khAlI hAthe nahi karavA mATe cAranI harSane jANa thatAM harSe bIje dUta mokalI tenA mAthAnI Agraha karavAmAM Avyo. tyAre yuenazuAMge varasAdI mAgaNI karI. kumArarAjane have pitAnI bhUla samajAI ane bacavA mATe cAmaDAne keTa mAgye paNa bhAratanA rAjavIo te yuenazuAMgane laI lazkara sAthe gaMgA nadInA raste harSanI e tene aneka vastuo bheTa ApI ane tene vaLAvavA. mATe pAse AvavA nikaLyo harSe prema pUrvaka yuenazuAMgane satkAra tenI sAthe keTalAya mAIlane teoe pravAsa karyo. karyo. pitAnA rAjabhavanamAM yuenazuAMga ane kumArarAjane belAvyA. tyAM rAjAe (ha) yuenazAMge lakhelo graMtha siMdhunA pravAhane oLaMgatAM yuena Age sUtranI 50 je ane tenAM vakhANa karyA. zilAdityanI bahena rAjyazrI hastapratA ane bhAratIya yupInA ' paNa sAthe hatI, yuenazaaMge karelI mahAyAnanI pratiSThA joi kapizanA rAjavIe yuenazuAMgane satkAra karyo. ane tenI te paNa bahu rAjI thaI gaI hatI ane teNe paNa yuenaza guma thayelI hastaprate bhegI karI lAvavA udyAnamAM mANane ganA vakhANa karyA hatAM. me kalyA. ahIM anazuone da. mApa rokAvuM paDayuM. e. pravAsIne pustaka mATe keTalI kALajI hatI te ahIM ApaNane harSe kAnyakujamAM yuenazuAMgana graMthanI mahattA batA jovA maLe che. aneka muzkelIo pAra karatA te pitAnA .tavavA mATe eka mahApariSada bolAvI ane temAM AkhA bhAra- namAM AvyuM ane cInI samrATanI rajA meLavI cInamAM pravetanA paMDitene nimaMtraNa ApyuM. A mahApariSadamAM 20 che. tyAM tenuM bhAvabhInuM svAgata karavAmAM AvyuM. rAjAo hInayAna ane mahAyAnanA zAstra jANanAra 3000 bhikSuo, 3000 brAhmaNe ane jaina uparAMta nAlaMdAnA cInanA pATanagara che eka maThamAM tene rahevA mATe utAro maThamAMthI 1000 bhimuo AvyA hatA. AmAMne ekeeka ApavAmAM AvyA teNe A maThamAM bhAratathI ANele khajAne mANasa vidvattA, tarka ane vivAda mATe vikhyAta hate. utAryo. tenA A khajAnAmAM bhagavAna buddhanA sthUla zarIranA utAryo. tenA A khajAnAmAM bhagavAna buddhanA 150 jeTalA deva hatA. te rUpAnI ane caMdana rAjAe be vizALa sabhA maMDapa baMdhAvyA hatA. darekamAM kASTanI bhagavAna buddhanI keTalIya pratimAo hatI. 224 eka eka hajAra mANase besI zake tevI vyavasthA hatI. khUba sutronA pustaka 192 zAstra, "vi zAkhAne 15 pustaka ThAThamAThathI yuenazuAMgane maMDapamAM laI javAmAM AvyA ane vagere maLI kula 657 ( cha sattAvana , uttama prakAranA temAM vIsa dezanA rAjavIo, bhikSuo ane brAhmaNemAMthI graMtha hatA. A graMthane ucakavA mATe .sa ghoDAone kAme pasaMda karelA 1500 mANasane sabhA maMDapamAM dAkhala karavAmAM AvyA. samrATa harSanI sakhta damadATIne laIne koIpaNa paMDita vAdavivAdanI himmata karI nahi. aDhAramA divase yuenazu- A maThamAM rahIne teNe traNa Sa mAM 58 (aThThAvana) pustako gane hAthI para besADI bahumAna ApavAmAM AvyuM. te diva. lakhyAM cInI samrATanA AgrahathI 'si-yu-kI" nAme graMtha sathI mahAyAnI tene "mahAyAnadeva" kahevA gyA ane lakhyo je Aje itihAsa graMthamAM atimahatvanuM sthAna hinayAnIoe tenuM mekSadeva nAma pADyuM. bhagave che. harSanA khAsa AgrahathI yuenazuAMga harSanI mAsa cInI samrATa thaI zuganA avasAna pachI (I. sa. 650) pariSada mATe prayAga gaye. yuenazuganA jAgyA pramANe yuana zuAMge khUba ja jhaDapathI kAma zarU karyuM. te roja savAre 31 57 ( cha sattAvana, uttama e ane brAhmaNomAMthI pasaMda karelA 150 mA Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 227 prabhAvanA vahele uThate cAra kalAka ziSyone dharmagraMthane abhyAsa | karAvate bAkInA samayamAM bhAratathI ANelA saMskRta graMthonuM cInI bhASAmAM bhASAntara karate teNe be lAkha saMskRta zlekavALA mahAprajJA pAramitAnA graMthanuM cInI bhASAmAM bhASAntara karyuM. zarUAtamAM A graMtha saMkSiptamAM utAravAnI tenI IcchA hatI paNa tene svapnamAM cetavaNI maLI ke ema na karavuM tethI teNe A graMtha utAryo. teNe cikitsA zAsane eka graMtha cInI bhASAmAM utAryo bhAratamAMthI cInamAM gayA pachI teNe badhA maLIne paMcotera graMthane cInI bhASAmAM anuvAda karyo te uparAMta tene keTalIka bAbate samajAvavA mATe aneka citra deryA ne pitAne hAthe aneka graMthanI nakale paNa utArI hatI. siMdhu nadImAM taNAI gayelAM pustake pharI prApta karavA mATe teNe khUba prayatno karyA hatA. cInamAM bhAratanI vicAra saraNI phelAvI A mahApravAsI sUtronA pATha karatAM karatAM jIvananI gADha nidrAmAM sadAne mATe poDhI gaye dhanya che A mahA pravAsIne ke jeNe bhArata nI yAtrA karI bhArata vizenI vigatavAra nedha lakhI. prabhAvanA eTale prabhAva paDe tevuM kAma. dharmaprabhAvanA eTale dharma tarapha lokenuM AkarSaNa vadhe te kAryaprakAra. dharmanI prabhAvanA cha rIte thAya che. uttama jJAna, uttama vidyA, uttama kaLA, uttama vakatA, mahAna sattA ane ati dhana-e cha prakAra che. AmAMthI koI paNa prakAre dharmanI prabhAvanA karanAra puruSane prabhAvika puruSa kahe che rAjarSi kumArapALa, maharSi hemacaMdrAcArya, dAnavIra jagaDuzAha, zatruMjadvArIka samarasiMha, vIra varatupALa vagere prAbhAvika puruSa gaNAya che. jaina dhamara trI ane dayAno dharma che. vizvamatrI e e sa deza che, ne jIvamAtra pratye anukaMpAbhAva e enuM lakSaNa che. A rIte je jIve e prAbhAvika kahevAya. valasADa-jena saMghanA saujanyathI zrI kRSNa oIla mIla DuMga2 ( ji. amarelI) (sorASTra) Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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18 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga-2 sAvarakuMDalAnA nAgarikone ATaluM dhyAnamAM rAkhA 1 janma agara maraNanI noMdha na karAvavI te gunhA bane che. 2 janma tathA maraNanI noMdha divasa 3nI aMdara karAvavI joie 3 bALakane cha mAsanI aMdara zitaLA TaMkAvI lye 4 cha mAsanI aMdara bALakanuM nAma lekhita khabara ApI nagarapAlikA kacerIe noMdhAvI javuM joie. 5 naLa kanekazanacA, hAusaTekasa vagere sudharAinA mAgaNA samayasara bharavA kALajI rAkhA, 6 koIpaNa jAtanu AMdhakAma ke makAnamAM pheraphAra ke rIperIMga karatA pahelA nagarapAlikAnI paravAnagI levI Avazyaka che - paravAnagI vinA koIpaNa jAtanu AMdhakAma karavuM te gunhA ane che. dAtAo sAvarakuMDalA, nagarapAlikAnA kAryAMmAM Donezana ApI sahAyabhuta bane. sAvarakuMDalA nagarapAlikA, -

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malayeziyAmAM bhAratIya saMskRti vijyagupta maurya mArcanA pahelA pakhavADiyAmAM ApaNA rASTrapati giri sabAne paNa aMgrejo De. sukarNanA InDoneziyA pratyenI naphamalAyAnI mulAkAte gayA te yAtrA bhArata ane mayadeza ratanA kAraNe malAyAne bheTa ApatA gayA A viSayamAM malAyA (malAyA) vaccenA be hajA varSa jUnA yazasvI saMbaMdhanI ane InDoneziyA vacce (baMne malaya prajA dharAvatA muslima yAda Ape che. zrI giri Andra pradezanA che, ane be hajAra deza hovA chatAM) varSo sudhI vikhavAda cAlyuM hatuM ane varSa pahelAM A% tathA tAmilanADune kAMThethI bhAratIya saMskR sukaNu padabhraSTa thayA tyAre ja zo. tinA jyotirdhara vahANomAM haMkArIne AjanA malayeziyA sahita agni eziyAmAM prasaratA hatA ane ApaNuM dharma, 1,28,43 corasa mAilane eTale ApaNuM mahArASTra saMskRti tathA kALa para AdhArita rAjya ane sAmrAjyo (1,18,884 co. mA.)thI thoDe vadhu vistAra dharAvatA malaye. hatA. temAM mukhyatve hiMduo hatA, keTalAka baudhdho paNa hatA, ziyA pahADa, TekarIo ane jaMgalane ghaNe vistAra dharAve parantu temanI vacce dharmanA nAme asahiSagatA na hatI. che AthI tenI vasati mAtra eka karoDa dasa lAkha jeTalI che, spardhA na hatI. teo bhAratanA ja pratinidhi hatA. jemAM moTA bhAganA muslima, keTalAka khristI, keTalAka hiMdu ane bauddha ane 50 hajAra AdivAsIo che aradhI prajA yuga badalAI gayo che, ane malayeziyAnI prajAne dharma paNa malayavaMza malayavaMzanI che 3 cIna che, thI vadhAre hiMdI vaMzI che. badalAI gayo che, tema chatAM tyAMthI bhAratIya saMskRti nirmULa nathI thaI. malayeziyAnA rAjAo (rAja pramukha)nA IlakAba cInAonI jema malaya prajA paNa meMgala vaMzI che. hajI saMskRta zabdomAM che. malayeziyAnuM nAma paNa bhAratIya bhAratamAM siMdhu-saMskRti khIlI hatI tyAre 3,500thI 4000 che. A paNI pazcima ghATanI parvatamALA mahArASTramAM saddhAdrinA varSa pahelAM cInanA yunAna prAMtamAMthI eka maMgalavaMzI prajA nAme ane dakSiNamAM malayAlama nAme oLakhAya che tenI upa bhaTakatI bhaTaktI Aje brahmadeza ane zyAma che te pradezomAM rathI vAte naiRtyane pavana paNa malayAnila kahevAya che. dakSi thaIne cheka malAyA sudhI phelAI ane bIjI jAta sAthe lagna hanI drAviDa bhASAomAM malaya eTale parvata ane malayAcala saMbaMdhathI bhaLIne te malAyAnI malaya prajA banI te pachI e suMdara ane kudaratI saMpatithI samRddha che ke ApaNA IsvIsananA AraMbhathI bhAratIya vasAhatIo vepArIo, ane prAcIna vasAhatIoe evAja suMdara samRddha ane vanabhraMthiI vidvAna malAyA, sumAtrA, jAvA, zyAma, hiMdI cIna vagere zebhatA malAyAnA parvatIya pradezane malayaza nAma ApyuM. pradezomAM pahoMcavA lAgyA. temaNe malAyAnI prajAne je pradAna Aroe malAyA jItIne tene dhamaM badalI nAkhyo, paNa tenuM kaya" tethI malAyAnI prajA pachAta jaMgalavAsI prajAmAMthI nAma na badalI zakyA ane tenI bhAratIya saMrati nirmULa saMskRta ane pragatizIla prajA banI gaI bhAratIyoe malaya karI zakayA nahi. prajAne lipi ane bIjI vidyA e ApI vidyAmAM auSadha malayeziyA Aje samavAyataMtra dharAvato deza che. bhaugo vijJAna, gaNita, khagoLa, vijJAna, sAhitya, nItizAsa, samAja, lika rIte brahmadeza zyAma (thAIlenDa) no dakSiNa cheDe moTA vyavarathA, zilpazAstra vagere badhuM ApyuM. kaLA ane kArIgIrI bhUsara athavA kaho ke dvipakalparUpe dakSiNe sumAtrA TApu tarapha ApI temAM rezamI kApaDa, sonArUpAnAM AbhUSaNo vagere banAlaMbAya che te bhUziranI dakSiNa bhAga malAyA che malayeziyAnI vavAnA kasabano samAveza thato hato. Ama pachAta jAtinI te taLabhUmi che. te bhUzirano uttarano bhAga zyAmano che malA ToLIomAM rahetI ane pachAta rItarivAjo dharAvatI garIba yAne cheDe siMgApura (siMhapura) TApu bhaugolika rIte malAyAno prajAnuM svarUpa taddana palaTAI gayuM. A bhAratIya vasAhatIja bhAga hovA chatAM rAjakIya rIte te svataMtra "deza" che oe ahIM IsvIsananA bIjA saikAmAM paheluM hiMdu rAjya kAraNa te cInI prajAnI bahumatI dharAve che AraMbhamAM malaye sthApyuM kadAca te agni eziyAmAM paNa paheluM hiMdu rAjya ziyAmAM teno samAveza tha hato, paraMtu tethI muslima malaya hatuM. hiMdu zabdamAM bauddhano paNa samAveza thaI jAya che bauddha prajA karatAM cInI prajAnI saMkhyA vadhI jatI hovAthI tene dharma nAtajAtanA vADAmAM mAnato na hovAthI tenI asara nIce malayeziyAnA pheDarezanamAMthI chUTo karavAmAM Avyo. hiMduone agni eziyAnI prajA sAthe lagna vaDe saMlagna thaI javAmAM kazo vAMdho na hato. sthAnika prajAono vizvAsa jItI bhaugolika rIte je malAyAno bhAga nathI, paNa IDene levA mATe paNa ema karavuM jarUrI hatuM, ane te ane ahIM ziyAnA bonI e TApuno uttara bhAga che te sArAvAka ane je saphaLatA maLI tenuM paNa e eka maDa-vanuM kareluM hatuM. . che ke ApaNA IsvIsananA AraMbhathI bhAjapa ma hiMdI cIna vagere Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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230 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitAbhAga-2 e jamAnAmAM romana ane IrAnI sAmrAjyane senA jalAlI AthamI gaI hatI. Arabee tene chello phaTako mAryo rUpAnAM AbhUSaNonI, rezamI kApaDanI, jAnAnI ratnanI, ane malAyAnI prajAne muslima banAvI dIdhI. kapUranI, sukhaDanI ane mojazokhanI bIjI vastuo nI jarUra zrIvijayanA patana pachI malAyAmAM malAkakA nAmanA pradehatI. AthI agni eziyAmAM sthApelAM hiMdu sAmrAjya dvArA bhAratIya vepArIo ane vahANavaTIo irAna sAthe tathA zamAM zrIvijayanA rAjakuTuMbamAMthI eka rAjakumAre I. sa. IrAnI akhAta ane ratA samudramAM thaIne jamIna mAge yuro 1403mAM potAnuM rAjya sthApyuM hatuM. te jAvAnI eka rAjapane paNa A kiMmatI mAla pahoMcADatA hatA. saDhavALAM vahANe kumArane para hate (jAvAnuM muLa saMskRta nAma yavadvipa tu pramANe vAtA vyApArI vAyuo pramANe ja haMkArI zake. che temAMthI apabhraMza jAvA nAma thayuM che, te paramezvarane ilae jotAM temane dizAzedha (nevigezana) havAmAna vijJAna ane kAba dhAraNa karIne gAdIe AvyuM ane siMgApura paNa jItI bhagaLa vize paNa bahu sAruM jJAna hatu. lIdhuM. malAyA ane sumAtranI vacce AvelI malAkakAnI sAmudra dhunI 5ra eTale ke vyApAranA dhArI samudramArga para malAkakAnagara malAyAmAM je paheluM rAjya sthapAyuM te sthApanArAo AveluM hovAthI zrIvijayanI dalAI sattAne ane samudrapArane zaiva saMpradAyanA hiMdu hatA. paNa pachI bauddha saMpradAyano vepArano vArase meLavavAnI A chellA hindu rAjyane AzA prabhAva vadhyuM. IsvIsananI cothI sadInA bauddha zilAlekha hatI. paraMtu uttaramAMthI zyAmanI thAI sattA ane dakSiNamAMthI tathA bhagavAna buddhanI kAMsAnI tathA paththaranI mUrtio malA sumAtranI muslima sattA malAkakA para dabANa karatI hatI. yAmAM maLI Avela che. zaivarAjyano ullekha noma (eTale AthI paramezvara chevaTe vRddhAvasthAmAM sumAtranI eka muslima parvata) tarIke thayo che. cInAoe tene kaunAna tarIke oLa. rAjakanyAne paraNyo ane muslima dharmane svIkAra karyo. teNe khAvela che. tenA pachI sAtamI sadImAM zrI vijaya nAmanuM megata IskaMdara zAhanuM nAma dhAraNa karyuM mahApratApI ane samRddha bauddha sAmrAjya sthapAyuM ane tene sUrya 700 varSa sudhI tapa rahyo ! tenI rAjadhAnI sAme kAMThe IskaMdara zAhanA avasAna pachI tenA vArase hiMdu nAma, sumAtrAmAM pAlamabaMgamAM hatI. Ama malAyA ane sumAtrA hiMdu IlakAba ane hiMdu rAjavyavasthA apanAvI lIdhAM. teNe vaccenI malakkAmI sAmudradhunI rUpI dherI jaLamArga tenA zAhane badale mahArAjAne ilakAba dhAraNa karyo. paraMtu Araba hAthamAM hato A jaLamArga pazcima baMgALanA upasAgara AkramaNane juvALa osarI gayA pachI paNa muslima thaI gayelA sahita hiMdI mahAsAgarane ane pUrvamAM dakSiNa cinAI samudra hiMduo have hiMduo pratye asahiSNu hatAM. AthI keTalAka sahita prazAnta mahAsAgarane joDato hovAthI AjanI jema tAmila (bhAratIya) muslima vepArIoe malAkakA jItI lIdhuM. tyAre paNa tenuM mahatva ghaNuM hatuM. Ama zrIvijayanuM sAmrAjya mahA rAjAnI hatyA karI ane tenA bhAIne muslima banAvI, agni eziyAnA vizALa pradeza uparAMta vizALa samudro para sulatAna mujhaphara zAhanuM nAma ApI gAdIe besADyo tenI mA paNa potAnA naukAdaLanA baLe rAja karatuM hatuM. paNa tAmiLa hatI. have mela kAnA A navA sulatAne samagra malAyA para pitAnI ANa phelAvI ane zyAmanAM thAI AkrazrIvijayanA harIpha paNa hatA temAM dakSiNa bhAratanA celA. mane mArI haTAvyA. vaMzI rAjAono tathA jAvAne hiMdu rAjayano samAveza thato malAkakAnuM mAslama rAjya pratApI navaDayuM. teNe sAmudahato. A spardhA yuddhomAM paNa pariNamatI I. sa. 1025mAM dhunInA eka kAMThe malAyA ane bIje kAMThe sumAtra jItI lIdhAM. celA rAjAe zrIvijaya sAmrAjya para bahu moTI caDAI karI che malAkakAne surakSita ane sagavaDavALuM bAruM hatuM. ane vaLI ane tenA ghaNu pradeze jItI lIdhA. pATanagara : lamaba ganuM te hindI maDAsAgara ane cinAI samudrane joDatA jalamArga paNa patana thayuM. A parAkrama karanAra rAjAnuM nAma rAjendra para hovAthI bhAratI. Araba cIna ane malaya vahANenI kelA deva (pahele) hatuM tema chatAM samudra para zrI vijaya baLa * pravRttithI dhamadhamatuM thayuM. A cAre prajAonA vahANavaTA vAna hovAthI ane dakSiNa bhAratathI malAyA sumAtrA dUra paha- mATe ahI alaga alaga bArAM hatAM. muslima thaI gayelA vAthI cAlArAjA zrIviya para pitAnA vijayane saMgaThita hindu vepArIoe ane vahANavaTIoe malAkkA baMdarane karI zakyA nahi. tema chatAM zrI vijayane sUrya have madhyAhana eTaluM badhuM samRddha banAvyuM ke jyAre porTugIjho ahI oLaMgI gayo hate. tenA sAmrAjyamAM bhaMgANa paDavA lAgyuM. AvyA tyAre teo cakita thaI gayA durAMta bArbosA nAmanA baLavA thavA lAgyA. zrI vijayanA rAjAonI ANa saMkecAtI eka porTugIjha vahAvaTIe lakhyuM che ke "AkhI duniyAmAM thaI. 13mI sadImAM sumAtrAmAM jabI rAjya baLavo karyo. ahIM sauthI vadhu samRddha baMdara che, vadhumAM vadhu vepArIo che 14mI sadImAM jAvAna hiMdu rAye AkramaNa karyuM. uttare ane puSkaLa vahANe ahIM Ave che ane jAya che. zyAmamAMthI thAIlekee AkramaNa karyuM jyAre Araba ahIM caDAI lAvyA tyAre zrIvijayanuM sAmrAjya have sAmrAjya rahyuM. I. sa. 1509mAM porTugIjha AvyA, paNa malAkkA nA na hatuM. te jarjarita rAjya banI gayuM hatuM. tenI jAho- naukAdaLe temanAM vahANane hAMkI kADhayAM. chevaTe 1511mAM nAma Jain Education Intemational

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smRti sa`darbha graMtha cIna julmI dharmAMdha AphrAnse da" Albuka meTI caDAI lAbyA ane malAkkA baMdara jItI lIdhuM. te pachI paNa sulatAna ane pATugIjhe vacce laDAI e cAlu rahI. porTugIjho pachI Daca ane Daca pachI aMgrejo AvyA. temaNe vaheMcaNI karI lIdhI DaceAe sumAtrA rAkhyuM. agrejoe siMgApura sahita malAyA. briTiza rAjyamAM navA bhAra tIya vasAhatI ane temanA vepAra eTalA badhA vadhI gayA ke hiMdI vaMzI prajA ane cIna:enI sAme malaya prajA laghumatImAM AvI gaI ! malAyA 1957mAM svataMtra thayA pachI hiMdI vasati ghaNI ochI thaI khAsa karIne hiMduonI maleyeziyAnI sthApanA pachI malaya ane cInAo vacce bhayaMkara hullaDa phATI nIkaLyAM hatAM. temAM cInAone khUba sahana karavuM paDyuM tyAre ema lAgatu Dutu` ke malayeziyAnu' samavAyataMtra bhAMgI paDaze. ahIM siMgApuranI bhAratIya sa MskRtino paNa ullekha karI levA joie kAraNa siMgApura have rAjakIya dRSTie malAyAno bhAga nathI. chatAM itihAsa ane bhUgALanI dRSTie to malAyA ane siMgApura avibhAjya che. malaya bhASAmAM tAseka eTale samudra thAya che. tenI uparathI jAvAnA lAkA siMgApurane temAseka ke tumAsika kahetA. i. sa. 1349mAM zyAmamAMthI thAI lAkoe siMgApura jItavA 70 vahANe! mekalyAM hatAM paNa siMgApura jitAya nahi, malAkAnu 231 rAjya ane aMdara khIlyA pachI siMgApuranI paDatI thai. tema chatAM porTugIjha pAdarI saMta phrAnsisa seviare (jenuM sUku zarAba gAvAnA eka devaLamAM sAcavI rAkhavAmAM Avyu' che.) gAvAnA peATugIjha gavarnarane I. sa. 1553mAM siMgApurathI lakhelA eka patramAM jaNAvyuM hatu' ke " siMgApura mAtra hiM'DhI vahANavaTAnuM ja nahi, cIna, zyAma, caMpA, kamboja (kaccheDiyA ane malaya peiAnA vahANavaTAnuM tathA temanA vepArIonu eka meATuM dhAma che.'' Jain Education Intemational IsTa inDiyA ka MpanInA sara theAmasa sTeDa relse sigApuranuM mahatva pichANyu' ane kAvAdAvA karIne te i.sa. 1819 mAM meLavI lIdhuM tyAre si`gApura ujjaDa banI gayuM hatuM. tenI vasatI 200thI paNa ochI hatI ! te pachI aMgrejoe hAMgakoMga aMdara cIna pAsethI paDAvI laine khIlavyuM tethI siMgApuranA vikAsa rU dhAI gayA. AthI aMgrejoe si MgApura, malA ane penAMgane sTreiTa seTalamenTa nAma ApI hiMdustAnanA gavarnara janaralanI hakUmata nIce mUkI dIdhAM. dakSiNa bhAratanA cAlA rAjA rAjendra kelA deva ( pahelA ) e zrI vijayanA sAmrAjyane harAvyA pachI ane tenu pATanagara pAlamakhaMga jItI lIdhA pachI 11mI sadInA pUrvArdhamAM siMhapuranI sthApanA karI hatI. malAyAne dakSiNa cheDe eka khADIe.I kalArAnI taLabhUmithI chUTA paDatA. A TApunu mahatva sarakSaNa ane vyAparanI dRSTithI ghaNuM hatu. Aje paNa che. samudranA dhArI vyApArI mArgo para kAbU rAkhI zakAya evAM sthaLe briTiza sAmrAjya daramiyAna aMgrejo pAtAne kabaje karatA hatA, phekalenDa, jibrAlTara, mAlTA, suejha, eDana, laMkA siMgApura, hoMgakoMga vage2e tenA chAntA che. evI ja dUra dezIthI A nijana TApu para rAjendra kelA deva athavA pAlamaaMganA rAjakartAe siMhapuranI sthApanA karI jethI malAkkAnI sAmudra nI para peAtAnuM vaMsa rahe, mA, mahelA ane havelIenAM dvAra pAse ane bAju dvArapALa tarIke siMhAnI pratimA rAkhavAno rivAja ApaNe tyAM prAcIna kALathI cAlyA Ave che AthI malAkkAnI sAmudradhunInA pUrva dvAra para A nagara vasAvIne tenuM nAma siMhapura rAkhavAmAM AvyuM. ApaNe tyAM hiMdImAM si'humAMthI sigha zabda thayA che tema si'puranuM sigApura thayuM. aMgrejae tene sigApAra nAma ApyuM. * ApaNe tyAM paNa puratu pAra thAya che dA. ta. pAramaMdara )vAnA che. siddhapura rAjendra deve nahi ne pAlamabaMganA hiMdu rAjAe vasAvyu. hAya te paNa I. sa. 1025mAM rAjendra A TApu - tI lIdheA hato. bIjI caDAi i. sa. 1068mAM karI hatI. paraMtu 19mI sadInA uttarArdhamAM siMgApuranA vikAsa thavA lAgyA. suejha nahera baMdhAi ane saDhavALAM vahANAM sthAna AgaboToe lIdhu. vyApAranA dhArI dariyAi mArga para siMgApuranuM sthAna ghaNI rIte mahatvanuM te hatuM ja temAM vaLI malAyAmAM kalAInI khANeA khAdAvA lAgI ane rabbaranAM vRkSeAnu vAvetara thavA lAgyuM. a Mgrejoe sigApurane peAtAnA naukAdaLanu eka mathaka banAvyuM. AthI cInA ane hiMdI vasAhatIo moTI sakhyAmAM siMgApuramAM vasavA lAgyA. atyAre tenI vasati 21 lAkha jeTalI che! doDhase vamAM 200mAMthI 21 lAkha thaI gaI! bahumatI cInAonI che, chatAM hiM'dI vazIe paNa gaNanApAtra che ane tenA videza pradhAna DuiMdu che. malayeziyAmAM tema banavu zakaya nathI. malayeziyAnA mAjI vADA pradhAna tuku abdula rahemAna muslima dezonA mahAmaMDaLanA mahAmatrI che, ane bhArata pAkistAna vaccenA praznomAM malayeziyA pAkistAnanA pakSa le che, AMgalA dezanA svAtaMtrya sagrAma ane bhArata-pAkistAna vaccenA yuddhamAM malayeziyAe ane tuku abdula rahemAna bhArata tathA AMgalA deza pratye virAdha ane pAkistAna pratye sahAnRtkRti dAkhavyAM hatAM. rASTra. pati girinI malayeziyAnI yAtrAnA eka hetu A pUrvagrahA dUra karavAnA ane A upakhaMDanI vAstavikatA tathA bhAratanI nIti samajAvIne malayeziyA sAthe gADha maitrIsaMbaMdha sthApa i. sa. 1969nA AMkaDA pramANe malayeziyAmAM 8,10, 000 ane siMgApuramAM savAlAkha jeTalA bhAratIyo che. paraMtu tee mAtra vepAradhaMdhA mATe tyAM rahyA che. bhAratIya dhama vidyA ane saMskRti phelAvavAnI dhagazathI bhAratIya vasAhatI ane mizanarIe saDhavALAM TacUkaDA vaDALuMAmAM sAgara pAra ajANyA deza pradezamAM jatA e yuga hajAra varSa pahelAM AthamI gayA ane te UgavAnI AzA dekhAtI nathI.

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23 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga-2 GRAM : MODYALLOYS' PHONE : 327400 Mody Steel Company 29. FANCY CHAMBER. SURAT STREET. BOMBAY-9. Prop. KIRIT MODY M. S. BLACK BARS EN. EN-2, EN-24. EN-31, EN-36, STOCKISTS: M. S. BLACK BARS EN-8, EN-9, EN-24. EN-31, EN-36, TOOL & ALLOY STEEL. Jain Education Intemational

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bhAratamAM muslima kalcarano samanvaya zrI prahalAda paTela jagatanA sAMskRtika AdAna pradAnane abhyAsa karatAM islAma dharmanA sthApaka mahaMmada payagaMbaranA mRtyu (i. spaSTa varatAI Ave che ke harahaMmeza vijetAonI saMskRti sa. 632) bAda islAmanA kendrasamA bagadAdanA araba khalIphA parAjItene prApta thaI che, pachI bhalene te yuddhamAM meLavela oe IslAmano jorazorathI pracAra Adaryo ane paccIsa vijaya hoya ke pachI sAMskRtika vijaya hAya. bhAratIya sAMskR- varSamAM te araboe pazcimamAM IrAna, siriyA. AminIyA, tie potAne vijaya vAvaTa jagatanA dUra dUranA dezamAM IjIpta vagere jItI lIdhAM ane cheka misara ane spena sudhI pharakAvyo che. ane nija viziSTatAothI jagatanI prajAne islAmane phelAvo karyo. pUrvamAM paNa vijayakUca AraMbhI che. pitAnA tarapha AkaSI che. vaividhyasabhara prAcIna bhAratIya sa. 645mAM te te siMdhanI pazcimahada sudhI AvI pahoMcyA saMskRti tenI vizALatA, udAratA sahiSNutA, AtmaciMtana, hatA. aree jItelA mulakamAM meTA bhAganI prajAe sadAcAra priyatA ane zAMti pradhAna guNone lIdhe talavAranA ghera IslAmadhamane svIkAra karyo hate. I. sa. ne sAtamA saikAmAM vinA ke rAjyAzraya vinA paNa eziyAnA ghaNA dezamAM phelAI arabAe bevAra konsTonTInepala jItavA prayatno karyA paNa ane lagabhaga AkhuM eziyA vizALa bhArata banI gayuM. niSphaLa jatAM te khristI sAmrAjya para asara na karI zakayA. bhAratIya saMskRtinI vizALatAe paradezI prajAone pitAnI I. sa. 637-677 daramiyAna bhAratanA pazcima kinArA para karI laI temanI saMskRtinA saddaaMzene svIkAryA che. muslima arabanA chUTA chavAyA aneka humalA thayA hatA, paraMtu te saMskRti paNa temAMnI eka che. dviArA bhAratIya mulakamAM araba hakumata sthapAI nahotI. 4 I. sa. nI sAtamI sadInI zarUAtamAM mahaMmada payagaMbare I. sa. 712mAM mahaMmada bina kAsamanI saradArI nIce arabastAnamAM islAma dharmanI sthApanA karI te pahelAnAM araba ' abee hiMdanA ati mahatvanuM aMga samA siMdha para AkrastAna ane IrAnanA hiMda sAthenA saMbaMdho cAlu hatA. anu maNa karI tyAnAM rAjA dAhIrane harAvI siMdhamAM sau prathama mauryakAla ( lagabhaga I. sa. pU. 18pa-I. sa. 1)mAM araba 1 IslAmI hakumata sthApI. mahaMmada bina kAsame siMdhanA hAkema tarIke be eka varSa vahivaTa karyo. I. sa. 714mAM khalIphA vasAhate ceula lyANa ane parA baMdaramAM jovA maLI che. A uparathI kahI zakAya ke IslAmadhamI araba Akrama hajajAjanuM ane I. sa. 715mAM khalIphA valIdanuM avasAna 7the bhAratamAM pravezyA te agAu vepAra vANijya nimitte thatAM navA khalIphA sulemAne mahaMmadane pAchA bolAvI lIdhe. AthI siMdhanA rAjAoe svataMtra thavA kezISa karI paNa khalIarabanI vastI pazcima kAMThAnA pradezamAM haze.'. A ara phAe habIbane siMdha mokalI khalIphAnI sattA dRDha karI. khalIphA bene rASTrakuTa rAjAo potAnA rAjyamAM uMcA hoddA ApatA ane arabo rASTrakuTo sAthe gADha saMbaMdha dharAvatA jyAre guja2 hizAme I. sa. 724-43 junedane siMdhanA hAkema nImyo. pratiDAra rAjA be siMdhanA ane sattA phelAvavA detA nahira te ghaNo laDAyaka ane mahatvAkAMkSI hatuM. teNe bhinnamALa araba tavArIkhamAM ne maitrakAlIna dAna zAsanemA surASTra ane guja, deza para phaha meLavIne enA saradAroe mAra vADa, mAMDala, dhINoja, bharUca ane mALavA jItI cheka ujajana ane enI AsapAsanA pradeza para araba humalA thayAnA ullekha jovA maLe che. A uparathI ema kahI zakAya ke sudhI vijaya kUca, karI, kaccha ane saurASTra para paNa teo pharI islAmanA udaya pahelAM saMskRti vAhaka banIne bhAratamAM vanyA. junaidanI hakumata I. sa. 729 sudhI rahI. pachInA Avela chearaboe ahIM rilama saMrakRtinA samayanI hAkeme navA mulakone kabaje rAkhI zakyA nahi AthI araba bhUmikAno pAyo racyo. hakumata siMdhapuratI maryAdita rahI." 1. juo. " gujarAtanA rAjakIya ane sAMskRtika itihAsa" IslAmanA bhArata sAthenA saMbaMdhano A pahele ja tabakkA pratha-1 saMpA. rasikalAla parIkha ane hariprasAda zAstrI, prathama hatA ane te si dha pUratA maryAdita hatA bAkInuM AkhuMya hato ane te sidha pUratI maryAdita karI hatI jatabakko AvRtti 1972 pR. 440. bhArata rajapUtonI saMrakSaka dvAla nIce surakSita hatuM. eTale lazkarI daSTie A AkramaNa khAsa mahatvanuM na hatuM paraMtu 2. e ja gujarAtane prAcIna itihAsa" le. 3. hariprasAda bhAratIya saMskRti ane IslAmI saMskRti vaccenI Apa-lenA zAstrI, prathama Avata 1864 pR. 16 Tha - 4. juo * prAcIna bhArata - bhAga 1 De. hariprasAda zAstrI 3, juo 'ka kAlIna gujarAta" bhaga 1 hariprasAda prathama AvRtti 1969 pR. 24 zAstra pu. 295-296 ane 320-322 pa. juo. ena pR. 247 Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 saMbaMdhanI daSTie tenuM mahatva ghaNuM hatuM. bhAratamAM muslima pradezamAM dilhI saltanatano tathA IslAma saMskRtine prabhAva kalcaranA kacaranA samanvayanA zrI gaNeza ahIMthI maMDAyA. vartAya. I. sa. 761nA arasAmAM bharUcanI uttare AvelA gaMdhAra Ama AThamI sadImAM siMdhamAM muslima sattA sthapAI baMdare sau prathama masjida baMdhAI e ullekha maLe che. 6 gujarAtanA maTha para araba ane hindI musalamAne meTI tenI bhAratanA rAjakIya tathA sAMskRtika itihAsa para kaMI saMkhyAmAM vasatA hovAnuM araba tavArIkhakAra zariyA I. sa. vyApaka asara thaI nahotI. agIyAramI bAramI sadImAM bhAra98 0-940) jaNAve che. alamasaudI (I.sa. 942) khaMbhAta tanA ghaNA pradeza para muslimenA AkramaNa thayA karyA tenI A bAbatamAM keTalIka asara varatAI. teramI sadInA Ara. tathA aNahilavADa nagaramAM musalamAnonI marajIdo hovAnuM tathA tyAMnA musalamAno AbAda hovAnuM teMdhe che. bhamAM dilhImAM muslima satata sthapAI tyArathI uttara bhAra tanA rAjakIya itihAsamAM navA kAlanAM kaMIka pagaraNa thayAM I. sa.nI 10mI sadInA mahamada gajhanavInI bhArata paranI paraMtu bhAratanA moTA bhAga para muslima zAsana ane islAma caDAI e nedhapAtra che. mUtio vecavA karatAM matie saMskRtinI gyApaka asara pravatI hoya to te alAuddIna khIlabhAMganAranuM biruda meLavavAnI mahatvAkAMkSA sAthe teNe mathurAnAM jInA vakhatamAM ( I. sa. 13mI sadInA arasAmAM) ane te maMdiro bhazmibhUta karI kaneja sara karI cheka saurASTramAM sAma. pachI dilhInI gAdIe Avela magala bAdazADA mAM akabaranA nAtha sudhI pahoMcI gayo ane tyAMnA ghaNAM maMdire teDI udAradhama matathI, jahAMgIranI nyAya priyatA ane zAhajahAnI lUMTa calAvI keTalAyane keda karI islAma aMgIkAra karavAnI kalA priyatAne kAraNe hiMdu-muslima saMskRtinA samanvayanuM pharaja pADIne tema ja aphaghAnistAna ane paMjAbane potAnA medAna mokaLuM banyuM. tyAM vaLI auraMgajhebanI dhamadha nItine rAjya gajhanAmAM bheLavI laI teNe muslima sattAnA prasAranA kAraNe temAM eTa paNa AvI. bhAga mokaLo karyo, te pachI mahaMmada gherIe paNa hiMdapara AkramaNe karyo. I. sa. 1182mAM siMdhanA sUmarA rAjAne bhAratamAM muslima kacarane samanvayanI A aitihAsika mahaMmada ghorInuM Adhipatya svIkAravAnI pharaja paDI. ajameranA tema ja sAMskRtika pUrvabhUmikAne dhyAnamAM laI bhAratamAM IslApRthvIrAja cauhANa para vAraMvAra caDAI karI tene harAvI manI asara pravartAvanAra paribaLAno vicAra karatI vakhate mahamada ghorIe kanojanA jayacaMdane paNa harAvyo, ane muslima saMskRtine vadhAre sahAnubhUti pUrvaka samajavAnI jarUra muslima senAe vArANasI sudhI vijaya kaca karIne saMkhyA che. ApaNI AryasaMskRtine hiMdu nAma ApanAra musalamAne baMdha maMdirono nAza karyo. mahaMmada ghorInA sUbA kutabudIna ja che. jhanUna arabAe eka hAthamAM talavAra ane bIjA aibake dilhI sara karI potAnuM vaDu mathaka banAvyuM. ane te hAthamAM kurAna laI dharma pracAra karyo. te mAnyatA svIkAratAM pachI teNe gujarAta para caDAI karI aNahilavADa lUMTa paNa pahelAM vicAravuM joIe ke prajAnA uda, dharmanA vistAra te je pAcho pharyo ke tarata ja gujarAtamAM pAchI lakI ane saMskRti vikAsa mAtra jhanUna para AdhArIta nathI. saMskasattA pravatI. tinI kAyamI chApa mUkavA mATe jhanUna karatAMya vadhAre rithara zaktionI jarUra rahe che. parabhUmi para AvI vijaya meLavI ghorI satanatanI hakumata pUrva bhAratamAM jamAvavAmAM Ikha- tene sthApI banAvo ane prajA pAse tene svIkAra karAva tiyAdIna mahammada akhatyAra khalajI nAmanA saradAre mahatvane te pAMca-paccIsa varSa mATe dharma jhanUna zakya bane paNa sadIo bhAga bhajavyo. teNe I. sa. 1200nA arasAmAM magadhapara sudhI te zakya na banI zake. te mAtra prajAonI parasparanI hamalA karavA mAMDayA. te pachI teNe edantapurI (bihAra nadiyA sahiSNutAthI ja zakaya banI zake. (baMgALa, ane lakhanauti (baMgALa) sara karyA. tibeTa jItavA jatAM te muzkelImAM mUkAyo. I. sa. 1206mAM mahammada are arabI vepArIo) ane sainyanI pAchaLa muslima saMta ane dhArInuM mRtyu thatAM kubuddIna aibake pitAnI svataMtra hakumata vidvAne bhAratamAM AvI vasyA. A olIyAone hiMdu rAjAsthApI te pachI gulAmavaMzanA sulatAnonA amala pachI allA oe mAnapUrvaka satkAryA te sAme pakSe muslima mahAtmAuddIna khIlajIe I.sa. 1296mAM tenA kAkA jalAluddInane ee hiMdu saMskRtine anurUpa udAra valaNa apanAvI vasavATa mArI gAdI meLavI. teNe pUrva bhArata, rAjasthAna, gujarAta svIkAryo. ciztI saMpradAyanA elIyAo gujarAtI muslimone ane dakhkhaNamAM pitAnuM zAsana pravartAvyuM. tenA amala dara gauvadha ane mAMsAhAra virUddha rahIne hiMdu muslima aikaya miyAna I. sa. (1296-1316) bhAratanA lagabhaga sarva sthApavAne upadeza ApatA. I. sa. 968mAM Avela muslima pravAsI IgnehIkala DAratamAM vasatA muslima vepArIo sAthe 6. jIe. " gujarAtane prAcIna itihAsahariprasAda zAstrI rAjA ane maMtrIe Adara pUrvaka varyAnI ane rakSaNa ApyAnI 8. juo " , jarAtanuM ghaDatara 2. va. desAI prathama AvRtti 7. juo. ejana 5. 164 194pa 5, 73 re ridhara jatA ane lakhanIti teNe ekasAmAM magadhanA ne pAMca-pArAva ane para AvI Jain Education Intemational

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dhArmika bhaka daSTi karatI AMtarika thaI zakyuM nIlama ati adabha praya 235 neMdha kare che. vastupALa, tejapALa ane jagaDuzA jevAe muslima dharmanI guNa grAhatAnA pariNAma rUpe bhAratanA vedAnta masjide baMdhAvyAnA ullekha maLe che. A uparAMta hiMduonA darzananI asarathI IslAmamAM sUphIvAda ghaDAye.* rAjyamAM musalamAnone nokarI maLatI hatI. zivAjInA sainyamAM paNa muslima savAranI TUkaDI hatI. te sAme pakSe muslima A chatAM prAraMbhamAM hiMdu ane muslima saMskRti ekarAjavIoe hiMduo tarapha sahiSNutA darzAvyAnA paNa daSTAMte bIjAmAM samAI zakI nahi. tenuM kAraNu baMne saMskRtionA maLe che. jemAM akabaranA dIna-IlAhI dharma dvArA hiMdu pAyAnA mULabhUta siddhAMte che. muslima saMskRti Adhimuslima aikayane prayAsa mahatva che. bhautika hatI sAdAI ane ekezvara bhAvanA uparAMta A jagatamAM ja jIvanane Adi ane aMta jovAnI vAstavika hindu-muslima dharmonA parasparanA samanvayamAM temanA dRSTi hatI jyAre hiMdu saMskRti AdhyAtmika hatI. tenA dharmamAM AMtarika guNadoSae paNa mahatvano bhAga bhajavyo che. muslima kriyAkAMDonI gUMcavaNo ane IzvaranuM svarUpa vaividhya hatuM tema dharmanI saraLa jIvana praNAlI, baMdhutvanI bhAvanA ane dhArmika ja A leka karatAM pahelekanI ane karmanI anaMtatAnI bhAvakSetre rAyathI mAMDI raMka lagI sarvanI eka sarakhI bhedabhAva vaga- nAtmaka dRSTi hatI. Ama mULabhUta virodha dharAvatI A baMne ranI samAnatA e tenuM eka moTuM AkarSaNa hatuM. vaLI asti- saMskRtio pita pitAnuM AMtarika sAmarthya dharAvatI hovAne memAM zarIrabaLa ane dharma pracAranI bhAvanA hatI jyAre hiMdu- lIdhe ekamAM bIjanuM saMpUrNa vigalana thaI zakayuM nahi paNa enA brAhmaNudharmo, bauddha dharmane haMphAvavAmAM pitAnI badhI paraspara asara jhIlAI che. temAM hiMdu saMskRti para muslima ja zakata veDaphI nAkhI hatI ane karmakAMDanI jALamAM paDI asara vizeSa paDI che. te jIrNa thaI gayo hato. sAthe sAthe rAjapUta rAjyonA AMtarika kalahe musilama vijayane mArga mokaLe karI Apyo hate. Arya saMskRtinI viziSTatA tenI grahaptAmAM rahelI che. " keTalIya jAtio ane matamatAMtarene pitAnAM karI zakelI muslima saMskRti vIrasaMskRti hatI. temAM aMgata vIratva Arya saMskRti muslima saMskRtine bAthamAM laI na zakI tenuM hatuM ja paraMtu hiMduo karatAM sAmudAyika vIratvane te vadhAre kAraNu muslima AkramaNe che. muslima AkramaNa kALe Arya sAruM khIlavI zakI mATe ja te hiMda para vijaya meLavI zakI. saMskRti evI saMkucita ane kendrI banI gaI hatI ke vaLI e saMskRtimAM javalaMta dharmabhAvanA hatI. taduparAMta murilame mATe tenAM dvAra saMpUrNa khullAM na hatAM hiMdu prajAe vidyAkalAne piSanArAM mahAta rahelAM hatAM jenA kAraNe te kAcabAnI jema potAnI sarva sAmAjika pravRttione saMkoca vadhu sthiratA prApta karI zakI. payagaMbaranA vIramaMtra ane vIra karyo. AthI jJAti baMdhane vadhu daDha banyAM, peTAjJAtinAM nAnAM vANIe jaDa ArabamAM navIna cetanA, navIna nara ane zara jUthe UbhAM thayAM, UMca nIcanA bhedabhAvane kAraNe alaga alaga pUryuM hatuM. IralAme muslima jagatamAM ekatA ane birAdarInI " hame azvima zata zatA ane rANInI vADA baMdhI thatAM roTI-beTInA vyavahAra baMdha thayA. bALalagna je bhAvanA jAgrata karI che evI vizvanA bIjA koI dharma punarlagna niSedha ane sati prathAno Agraha temaja paDadA karI nathI. dharmanuM dRDhAgrahI baLa e IslAma saMskRtinI mahA paddhati dAkhala thayAM. samudra gamana zAstra niSiddha thayuM tethI siddhi che. islAme jagatane mUrtipUjA vagarane ekezvaravAda sAhasikatA hADamAMthI osarI gaI. Ape. keLavaNInA kSetre islAmI sAmrAjyanA mukhya traNa kendromAMnuM eziyAmAM bagadAda eka hatuM jyAM vidyApITho stha. Arya saMskRtinA saMkecane bhavya lAbha uThAvI mUrilIpAI hatI. siMdhathI elacIo tyAM jatA ane bagadAda tathA mee AryasaMskRtinA sArA bhAgane pitAne karI lIdhuM ane hiMda vacce sIdhe saMbaMdha baMdhAye. brahmakTa siddhAMta tathA julamathI tharelAM aNagamatAM dharmaparivartana pachI muslima khaDakhAdhaka jevA graMthonA arabI anuvAda thayA ane araba saMskRtie navIna muslimene Apela sAmAjika sthAna temanI bhAratIya gaNita tathA jyotiSa vidyAthI mAhitagAra thayA. zUnya rahI sahI kaDavAza dUra karI muslima dharma pratye utsAha prere ane sthAna mUlya sAthenI rdazAMza paddhatimAM bhAratIya aMka evA prakAranuM hatuM. vaLI muslima saMskRti e dharma pari. cihno abee apanAvyAM ane "hiMdasA" nAme oLakhAtAM vatananI prAthamika tvarA jatI karI ane pitAnuM paradezIpaNuM e aMka cihnoe gaNita vidyAmAM sarala aMka paddhati dvArA TALavAnA prayatna jotajotAmAM karavA mAMDayA. vaLI AkramaNane aMte vijayI muslima netA parAjIta zatrune jIvatadAna Apate krati ANI AyurvedanA aneka graMthane paNa arabI anuvAda karavAmAM AvyuM. bauddha graMthaneya arabI anuvAda thatuM. Ama agara mulaka pAcho eNpavAnI udAratA batAvate ane duzamananA vIratvane biradAvate paNa kharo. A badhAM kAraNene lIdhe ke, jo * buDada gujarAtanI asmitA' saMpA. na dalAla, devala, saliIma saMskatie dharma parivartananI prAthami musliIma saMskRtie dharma parivartananI prAthamika tvarA jatI pAnA naM 33 parane karI ane pitAnuM paradezIpaNuM TALavAnA prayatno jotajotAmAM jue" gujarAtanI saMskRti para munilama asara" pro narottama 10 jue. * prAcIna bhArata' bhAga-2 Do. hariprasAda zAstra vALadane lekha. prathama AvRtti 1970 pU. 63 Jain Education Intemational

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23 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA-bhAga-2 A hidanI citrakaLAne saMka vidyAmAM pAyA para mUkI hatI. naliyA ane khetInI prathama prakAranuM rezama rAkhavI hatI. pAlana karavA mAMDyA. vaLI AkramaNane aMte vijayI muslima netA che tema "bharapUra alaMkAra sAthe ja svaccha sAdAIne, majaparAjIta zatrune jIvatadAna Apate agara mulaka pAcho sapa- butAI sAthe lAvaNyane je sumeLa gujarAtanA muslima sthApavAnI udAratA batAvate ane duzmananA vIratvane biradAvate tyamAM sadhAya che. e hiMdanA anya prAMtanA ke hinda bahAranA * paNa khare. A badhAM kAraNone lIdhe muslima saMskRtie bhAra- dezanAM sthApatyamAM jaDavo muzkela che. tanI bhUmimAM tenAM mULa vadhune vadhu UMDA nAMkhyA che. ane bhAratamAM munilama kacarane samanvaya zakaya banyuM che. megalee citrakaLAne paNa suMdara uttejana ApyuM hatuM. ane temanI mULa irAnI DhabanI citrakaLAmAM dhIme dhIme hiMdu - araba saMskati evA pradezamAM prasarI hatI ke jyAM vara, to dAkhala thayAM hatAM. IrAnI ane hiMdu citrakaLAonuM sAda e che ane aniyamita hoya AthI jAhera janAono mahara mizraNa karIne akabare hiMdanI citrakaLAne saMgIna vikAsa karavAnI arajIne pharaja paDI. araba kaSi vidyAmAM pAyApara mUkI hatI. A yugamAM saMgIta kaLAne paNa sarasa khUba pAvaradhA nIvaDyA ane khetInI prathAmAM temaNe sudhArA vikAsa thayo hate. khAsa karIne megala jamAnAmAM hiMdu ane karyA temanA pagale cAlIne musli va zAsakae bhAratamAM paNa muslima gavaiyAonA sahakArathI hiMdustAnI saMgIta khIlyuM nahero baMdhAvI hatI. khetI bAbatamAM vaijJAnika padhdhatine ane navA rAgene umero thaye akabaranA samayamAM tAnasene upayoga karI pAkanI zAstrIya heraphera khAtarano upayoga tema A kaLA khIlavI hatI. saMgIta vAgha sitAranI ane hiMduja pAkanA roga ane tenA IlAja vagere bAbatomAM sudhArA stAnI saMgItanI tarAnA ane khyAla nAmanI rAgiNIonI ApyA. temaNe kalAne upaga karI navAM zAkabhAjI phaLa zeAdha alAuddIna khIlajInA samayamAM thaI gayela hajarata amIra temaja phUle ugADavA mahenata lIdhI majazokhanI cIja khuzarUe karI hatI. muslimo dvArA AyAta thayelI marI vastuo banAvavAmAM arabAe apratima kuzaLatA dAkhavI gajhala ane kavvAlInI phArasI taja ane rAgee hiMdustAnI uttama prakAranuM rezama nakazIdAra vAsa che hAthI dAMtanuM kAma. sagatimAM noMdhapAtra umero karyA che. | vageremAM temaNe khUba hoMziyArI dAkhavI hatI. vepArane uttajana ApavA temaNe sArA rastA baMdhAvyA hatA ane TapAlanI - vijJAna,tre musalamAnee samakAlIna jagatamAM mokharAnuM suMdara vyavasthA karI hatI. khetI ane vepArakSetre muslima sthAna meLavyuM hatuM. bhAratamAMthI aMkajJAna meLavI zUnyane saMskRtine ApaNane maLela A amUlya vArase che. upayoga karatAM teo zIkhyA. bhAratIya paMDitanI madada laI temaNe bhUmiti trike miti, bIjagaNita, aMkagaNita, vaidaka vagerenuM jJAna meLavyuM hatuM, ane temAM saMzodhana karI A zilpa, sthApatya ane saMgIta kSetre muslimoe bhAratIya | vijJAnene vikasAvyAM hatAM, abee ghaDiyALanuM lelaka ane saMskRti para benamUna asara mUkI che. bhAratamAM muslimoe hokAyaMtranI zodha karI hatI. padArtha vijJAna zAstrI alabarUAlizAna mahela, TAvaro makabarA, masjido ane minArAo nIe 18 kiMmatI paththara ane dhAtuonuM viziSTa vajana ThekaThekANe bAMdhyA che teo kamAno ane utkRSTa prakAranI keta dhI kADhyuM hatuM. ane rasAyaNa zAstramAM teNe madyArka. sapharaNIvALA sthaLe temaja ghumaTono sthApatyamAM ghaNe upayoga yurIka esIDa, poTeziyama, nAITrika esIDa ane sIlavara nAI. karyo che. temanA sthApatyamAM lAkaDAnuM ketarakAma, raMgIna kAcanI TeTa banAvavAnI rItanI zodha karI che. dAktarI vidyAmAM paNa bArIo, raMgIna paththaranuM kAma tathA kalAmaya rIte taiyAra kara. . arabee carakamuni praNIta caraka saMhitAnuM erebIkamAM bhASAM vAmAM AvelA kule, vela, choDa ane vRkSonI temaja bhUmitinI tara karIne ghaNu roganuM nidAna karIne potAnAM maMtavya raja AkRtio paththaramAM adUbhUta rIte kotarI kADhavAmAM temaNe khUba havAmAma ga karyA che. kalorophorma jevI bebhAna banAvanArI davA vAparIne kauzalya dAkhavyuM che. turka ane aphaghAna sulatAne temaja teo oparezana karatA hatA. khagoLa zAstramAM paNa araboe temanA sUbAoe sthApatyakaLAne sAruM uttejana ApyuM hatuM. grIka ane hindI pustakanA anuvAda karIne AkAzadarzananA megala samayanA sthApatyamAM hiMdu ane muslima baMne saMskRti ghaNuM suMdara sAdhana banAvyAM hatAM. A badhI zodha mATe enuM subhaga mizraNa thayuM ane hiMdI irAnI zailInuM sthApatya hiMdu ane muslima baMne saMskRtio parasparanA trANI che. astitvamAM AvyuM. islAmI sthApatya kaLAnI asaravALI navI zailI pramANe vRMdAnanAM maMdiro, budelakhaMDathI senagaDa ane hiMdu dharmamAM aneka devadevIonI upAsanA karavAmAM Ave amRtasaranuM suvarNa maMdira jevI ImArata baMdhAI hatI. hiMdu che. badhA ja devo eka ja IzvaranAM bhinna bhinna svarUpa che. ane muslima kArIgaronI saMyukata sAdhanAe megalayuganI evI bhAvanA upaniSadomAM pragaTa thaI hatI paraMtu IslAmanI zilpakaLAnI bhavya kRtio sI hatI. muslima dvArA baMdhA- ekezvaranI daDha bhAvanA ane dharmAgraha hiMduomAM na hatAM. vavAmAM AvelI navI masjidanuM sthApatya hiMdu kArIgaro e islAmanA pracArathI hiMduonA hadaya para ekezvaravAdanI chApa saryuM AthI bhAratanI majIde temaja anya sthApatyo IrAna, paDI. tatvajJAnanI bAbatamAM IsalAmI sUphI saMtee hiMdudharmanAM madhya eziyA ke IjIptanI DhabanAM zuddha muslima sthApatya na darzana zA para ghaNI asara karI che. islAmanI preraNAthI banatAM hiMda DhabanAM banI rahyAM zrI ratnamaNirAva joTee neNuM bhaktijJAnane samuccaya je kabIra, nAnaka, dAdu, nAmadeva ane tuka Jain Education Intemational

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: smRti saMdarbha graMtha rAma jevA hiMdu satAnA jJAnamAM daSTigocara thAya che temAM sUphIvAdanI spaSTa asara che. khAsa karIne sUphIvAda dvArA islAme bhAratanA tatvajJAnane je sAMskArika vArase ApyA che te kharekhara gaNunA pAtra che. IslAmI sulatAnA e hiMduonA saMskRta graMthonAM sImAM bhASAntara karAvyAM hatAM. meAgala zAhajAdA dArAe upa kAra niSadonuM phArasImAM bhASAMtara karI hiMdu muslima ekatAnI bhAvanAne uttejana ApyuM hatuM. Aje bhAratamAM vaparAtI urdU bhASA islAmane AbhArI che. hiMdI-hiMdustAnImAM temaja bhAratanI anya prAdezika bhASAomAM paNa islAmaneA vArasA mAluma - paDe che. gujarAtI, marAThI, baMgALI ane bIjI keTalIka prAde zika bhASAonI khIlavaNImAM islAme sIdhI ke ADakatarI rAta phA / ApyA che. muslima zAsakoe phArasI bhASAne adAvatanI bhASA tarIke sthAna ApatAM zAsana vyavasthA sAthe sakaLAyala, ene paNa phArasI bhASAne abhyAsa karave paDatA. A DAraNe ja prAdezika bhASA para tenI vadhu gherI 2 jhIlAi iM- arakhI, phArasI ane urdU bhASAnI gujarAtI bhASA para eTalI badhI asara paDI che ke vepAra dhaMdhA, rAcaracIluM, hunnarakaLA khAdya padArtho, pASAka, khetIvADI, keLavaNI, vahANavaTu ema aneka kSetre te bhASAonA saMkhyAbaMdha zabdo ane rUDhi prayogA gujarAtImAM vaparAtA thaI gayA che. hiMdu ane muslima ane saMskRtie lagabhaga eka hajAra varSa sudhI ekabIjAne aDIne rahI zakI ane parAjIta saMskRtinAM sAhitya tathA dharma vikAsane vijayI saMskRti rahI zakI. te sUcaka che. hiMdanI muslima janatAnA mATe bhAga lagabhaga 90 TakA bhAga hiMdanA rudhiramAMthI utpanna thayA che, je leke 237 Ama hiMdu maTI musalamAna thayA temaNe parokSa rIte hiMdu dharmanuM rakSaNa paNa karyu che. vaheArA, memaNu, melesalAma, mumanA, AgAkhAnI, matiyA vagere kAmeAnI dharma mAnyatA sIdhA samanvayanIja che. lagna maraNa prasa`ge kAnnI ane brAhmaNa ane pAse kriyA karAvavI; nAme hiMdu rAkhavAM, muslima pIra sthAna para cAghaDIyAM vagaDAvavAM, rAjhA ane janmASTamI baMnenu muslima sa MskRtinA hiMdu karaNa sivAya bIjuM kaMI dekhAtuM nathI. pAlana karavuM'. nirAmiSa AhAranA Agraha rAkhavA vageremAM muslima zAsanakALamAM muslima poSAka sabhyatAnA cihnarUpa gaNAvAthI athavA muslima darabAramAM nekarI karatA hiMduonA khuzAmadI valaNane kAraNe ke pachI te pAzAka paheravA pharajIyAta hAvAne kAraNe game tema paNa pAyAmA, kurtA, paheraNu, sura vAla sApho vagere peAzAka pracalita thayA. khAnapAnanA zaiAkhIna muslimAne mIThAI temaja ThaMDAM pINAM khUba priya hatAM. temanA muLajIbhAI enDa bradharsa e ncha nI ya enDa ke ndre kaTa . saMparkathI kulaphI, gulakaMda, capATI, jalebI, pulAva, kharaphI, biraMja, murabbA, zIrA, zakkarapArA ane halavA jevI muslima mIThAi e ane vAnagIe bhAratamAM lAkapriya banI. bhAgabagIcAnA zekhIna sulatAnAe masjida ane mahela jevI ImAratA pAse temaja anyatra chUTI jagyAe bagIcA banAva DAvyA, aMdara hAja mUkAvyA ane IrAna, turkastAna, balucistAna temaja aphaghAnistAnanAM vRkSene bhAratanI bhUmipara vAvyAM, anAra, aMjIra, aMguru Alu, jaradALu, tarabuca, nAraMgI, phAlasA, phudInA, badAma, sapharajana vagere lIlA-sUkA mevAnA bhAratamAM vyApaka vaparAza zarU thayA vaLI AnaMdotsava AtazakhAjI, pAna, phUla, attara vagere zAkha paNa muslimeAeja ApyA che. Jain Education Intemational Ama muslima yugane samanvaya yuga gaNI zakAya. humAyue citoDanI rAjamAtAnI rAkhaDI svIkArI gujarAtanA bahA pIranA chelle A yuganu pratika che. peTalAdanA sarjanazApIra durazAha sAthe yuddha karyuM. kAlikAnA zikhara para sadanazAha unAvAnA mIrAMdAtAra vagerenA itihAsa ane tenI dha carcAe hiMdu-muslipa mizraNa tareke ja oLakhAve tema che. muslima prajA pAtAnI viziSTa muddA dharAvatI hAvA chatAM tenA para gujarAtI vyavahArapaNuM, namratA ane sahiSNutAnA saMskAra eTalA to mAphaka AvI gayA che ke enA paradezIpaNAnI chApa paDayA che. sAme pakSe muslima saskRtinA saMparka ApaNane saMskRtinA paNu ane samanvaya hiMda ane hiMda dvArA mAnava lagabhaga bhUMsAi javA AvI che. A rIte hiMdu-muslima jAtane eka mahA praznanA nirAkaraNa pratye dore che. pI, Ara. enDa sansa bIlDI'ga, mIzanareDa, bhadra, amadAvAda-1,

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asimatA-bhAga-2 WE HAVE THE RIGHT FABRICS FOR YOU The Marsden Mills Ltd. The Monogram Mills Ltd. AHMEDABAD-21 Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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megesthenise joyeluM bhArata mesiDAnanA sikaMdaranA AkramaNathI (I. sa. pUrve A. 327-326) bhArata ane pazcimanA dezo sAthe saMparka zarU thayA. sikaMdara sAthe AvelAM rasAlAmAMnA ghaNA grIka ahIM vasyA tethI tee ane bhAratanA leAkeA vacce ekabIjAne samajavAnI taka prApta thaI. bhAratanI vAyabdha sarahade grIka zAsana alpajIvI nIvaDayuM chatAM grIka duniyA sAthenA saMparka vadhAravAmAM te kAraNa bhUta rahyuM. sikaMdaranA uttarAdhikArIoe bhAratanA pradeze| gumAvyA. pachI bhAratanA sa Mparka ane vyavahAra pazcimanI duniyA sAthe bhAratanI sarahada sudhI vIstarelA selyu-Do. sIDa grIka rAjya dvArA cAlu rahyo. maurya vaMzanA prathama traNa samrATo-caMdragupta maurya (i. sa. pUrve 324-300) biMdusAre (i. sa. pUrva 300 273) ane azeka (I. sa. pUrva* 273-236) pazcimanAM grIka rAjyeA sAthe sArA saMbaMdhe keLavyA hatA. ra. dasa sAthe caMdraguptane yuddha laDavu paDyu. (i. sa. pU . 305) ane selyukasa hArI jatAM caMdragupta sAthe zAMti suleha thai ane sabaMdha sthapAyA. selyuse mauya darabAramAM peAtAnA elacI tarIke megesthanisane mekalyA, je pATalIputramAM I. sa. pUrve 304 ane 29nA gALAmAM rahyo hatA. biMdusAranA samayamAM ijiptanA rAjA TolemI bIjA phrIleDolphIse peAtAnA pratinidhi tarIke DAyeA-sArasaMgraha temanI kRtiomAM lakhyA che. temAM eka bIjA para nisiyasane mokalyA hatA. siriyAnA rAjAe megasthanisanI inDikAnI mAhitI khATI rIte ane atizayeAktibharI rIte jagyAe Deimekasane elacI tarIke mokalyA hatA. samrATa ApyAnA AkSepo paNa karyA che. AvA parasparanA khATA tathA azeAke siriyAnA rAjA enTieksa (bIjo) thiyeAsa tathA sAcA dAvA aMgenI carcA Do. Ara. sI. majamudAre temanA ijipta mesiDeniyA, sIrIna, epirasa ( kerintu )nA rAjA The Classical Accounts of India (1960)mAM karI pAse dharma pracAra maMDaLe mAkalyA hatAM te sArA saMbadhe che. A lekhakonA inDikA vizenA ahevAle spaSTa darzAve che. sUcave che. ke inDikAnA mULa pATha sAthe teoe ceDAM karIne temAM temanI STie sAcI lAgatI. ke peAtAne maLelI mAhitI ke anumAna parathI inDikAnu' sAcuM svarUpa kevu` haze te darzAvavAnu svA taMtrya ApameLe meLavI lIdhAnu jaNAya che. vaLI je grIka-rAmana lekhakoe inDikAnA nAme utArA ke A lekhako eka meTI gurutA pra'thithI piDAtA hatA. temanA mate sikaMdare jItelA pradeze| asaMskArI hatA ane mIkenA saMpathI tyAMnA lAke saMskArI banyA. ane temanAmAM naitika . AvI hatI. A lekhakoe te eTale sudhI vicAryuM che ke bhAratanA lAke grIka kiva heAmaranAM kAvyeAnuM bhASAntara karI gAtA hatA ane keTalAka bhAratIya rAjAe samrADa konsTenTAnane salAma bharatA hatA. megesthenise ane pachI AvelA grIka elacI ke pratinidhi ee bhArata vizenA hevAleA lakhyA che je emanA samayanA itihAsa ane saMskRti para vedhaka pheke che. megasthAnese peAtAnA bhArata vizenA ahevAla ' inDikA' nAme graMthamAM lakhyo che. paNa kamanasIbe inDikA tenA mULa svarUpe maLatuM nathI. te gUma thayelu che. ke nAza pAmelu che. ema chatAM temAMthI DiyA Dorasa, sTre, eriyana, plinI, kilamensa alekajhADrinasa jevA ghaNA grIka ane rAmana lekhakoe peAta peAtAnI kRtiomAM prAsaMgika nAMdhA, utArA, sArasa'bahu rUpa phakarA ke anya svarUpe mAhitI truTaka truTaka rIte ApelI che. 'i, DakA 'nA saLaga mAhitI koi e ApI nathI. prastuta mAhitI je je lekhakAnA graMthAmAM sacavAyelI hatI tenA utArA ja`na vidvAna Do, i. e zvAnabeke temanA zrI ramezakAMta gA. parIkha pustaka Megasthenes Fragments of Indica (Bonn, 1846) mAM ApyA. e pachI keTalAka samaya bAda je. Dabalyu. eka krinDale DaoN. zvAna eka nA pustakanI samajUti TIpaNuM vagere karIne aMgrejImAM bhASAntara karyuM... ane te Ancient India As Described by Megasthenes and Arrian (Calcutta, Bombay London, 1877) nAme prAsiddha karyuM. prAcIna bhAratIya vidyAmAM jyAM sudhI itihAsa ane saMskRti vize sa MzodhanamAM pragati thaI na hatI tyAM sudhI zvAnabeka punati ane mekakranDale karela bhASAMtara baMdhA vidvAnomAM megasthanisanI ' inDikA' tarIke svIkArya banI rahyAM. pAchaLanA samayamAM thayelA vid abhyAsa ane vigatenI cakAsaNI parathI grIka ane rezamana lekhako e ' inDikA 'mAMthI vigatA keTalA a Mze sAcA svarUpamAM lIdhI haze tenA vize gabhIra zakAo jAgI keTalIka vAtA ane mAhitI megastha nisanA nAme evI rIte rajU karAI che ke je mAnI zakAya tevI nathI temaja bhAratanA itihAsa ane saMskRti mATe asa'gata puravAra thAya ane satyathI vegaLI kare te ! che. megasthanisa, selyuksa, nikeTara ane erAkesiyA (kaMdahAra)nA satrapa sAthe rahelA hatA. tene selyukse elacI tara ke caMdraguptanA darabAramAM mekalyA hatA e upara kahevAI gayuM che ema kahevAmAM Ave che ke mesthanise bhAratanA rAjAnI

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1 240 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 ghaNI mulAkAta lIdhI hatI. paNa eka karatA vadhu mulAkAta che ke A zahera gaMgA ane bIjI nadInA saMgama para AveluM lIdhI hoya te bAbatane haju samarthana maLavAnuM bAkI che. che. te laMbAImAM 80 sTeDiyA ane pahoLAImAM 15 sTeDiyA teNe rAjA porasa je caMdragupta karatAM vadhu mahAna hatuM tenI che. te samAMtara catuSkoNa AkAranuM che. tenI AsapAsa lAkamulAkAta lIdhI hatI. A paNa zaMkAspada che. vaLI megastha-DAnI dIvAla che. jemAM bAkorAM pADavAmAM AvelAM che. emAMthI nise bhAratanI mulAkAta kayA cokkasa samaye lIdhI hatI ane tIra cheDI zakAya che. dIvAlane 570 minArA che. ane 64 te ahIMyA keTale samaya rahyo hato te khAtrI pUrvaka nakakI daravAjA che. dIvAlanI sAmenI bAjue khAI AvelI che. je karavuM muzkela che. paNa te I. sa. pUrve 300nA thaDA samaya 6 letherA pahoLI ane 30 kayUbITasa uMDI che. khAIne agAu bhAratamAM cokkasa AvyA haze ema nakkI kahI zakAya, upaga saMrakSaNa mATe ane zaheranuM gaMdu pANI vahI javA kAraNake samrATa caMdraguptane A aMtima samaya gaNAve che. mATe thAya che. A zaheramAM rahetA lekamAM prasaI jAtinA leke bAkInI bIjI badhI jAtinA leke karatAM uttama che. megasthanisa bhAratanI kaI bhASA jANato na hato. te kAranA zaheranA nAma parathI rAjAnI aTaka rAkhavAmAM Ave che. AthI phakta paMjAba ane pATalIputra sudhInA dhorI mArgathI paricita rAjAnI aTaka Palibothrus che je tenA kauTuMbika nAma upahate. te ahIMyA khUba thoDA samaya mATe rahyo hato. tethI rAta che. pAthiyana lekamAM A rivAja hoya che. gulAmI paradezI tarIke te bhAratanA lekanA rItarivAja tathA dezanI prathA vize megasthanisa bApa nedha kare che. te noMdha che ke rasthAone abhyAsa kevI rIte karI zako haze. te paNa bhAratanA badhA ja loko svataMtra che, mukta che. temAM keIpaNa dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM joIe. teNe je kaMI sAMbhaLyuM haze te barA gulAma nathI. A bAbatamAM te lekeDAimiyana prajAnI bhAratanI bara grahaNa karI zako nahi hoya ane ahevAla lakhatI vakhate prajA sAthe sarakhAmaNI karatAM jaNAve che ke lekeDAImiyane nAmecAra hakIkate tathA banAvo vagere lakhavAmAM tenI bhUla- smArTInAgala mene kheta gulAma tarIke ja rAkhe che paNa bhAracaka ne paNa khyAlamAM rAkhavI joIe. je lekhakoe tenA mULa tIya leke paradezI lokone gulAma tarIke upayeAga karatA pustakamAMthI utArA TAMkayA che tenA para ja ApaNe AdhAra nathI ke temanA dezavAsIone paNa gulAma tarIke rAkhatA nathI. rAkhavAne rahe che. upara kahyA pramANe saMbhava che ke A lekhake e khoTI rajuAta karI hoya. AvI maryAdAo ane bhUla- ' megesthanisa bhAratanA lekene sAta jAtimAM vaheMce che. cUka hovA chatAM megasthanise tenA samakAlika samaye bhArata prathama vargamAM paMDita, dArzake ke purehita (Sophistii) vize je mAhitI ApI che te ghaNI kiMmatI che. che. temanI saMkhyA anya jAtio karatAM ochI che. A vargane te brAhmaNe ane bauddha zrama e be bhAgamAM vaheMce che. InDikA vize grIka ane romana ahevAlanI satyatA zaMkAthI para na hovA chatAM bhAratanA prAcIna itihAsa ane saMskRti brAhmaNe samAjamAM ucca darajaje ane mAnabha sthAna sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatI mAhitI je megasthanisanA nAma para bhegave che. temane koI zArIrika mahenata karavAnI jarUra rahetI vizvAsapUrvaka mUkI zakAya tenuM ja atre Alekhana kareluM che. nathI. teoe potAnI mahenatathI je kAMI upArjana karyuM hoya pracalita mAhitI ke svIkArelI mAhitIne ahIM ulekha ne temAMthI te sAmAnya varga mATe koIpaNa ApatA nathI. (eTale thaye hoya te tene A saMdarbhamAM samajavAnI che. ke karaverA ApatA nathI teone rAjya mATe devane prasanna karavA yajJakArya karavAnI pharaja bajAvavA sivAya bIjI koI megesthanisa bhAratanI bhaugolika sthiti vize jaNAvatAM pharaja baMdhana kAraka nathI. jo keIne aMgata rIte yajJa karo lakhe che ke dezanI pUrva-pazcima TUMkAmAM TUMkI pahoLAI 1600 hoya te emanAmAne eka purohita te vyaktine vidhi sTeDiyA ane uttara-dakSiNa laMbAI sAMkaDAmAM sAMkaDI 22,300 batAve che. jenA sivAya bIjI koI rIta ne adarya ApavA sTeDiyA che. Ama dezane vistAra game teTale hovA chatAM mATe svIkArya banelI hotI nathI. bhAratanA lokemAM daivI jJAna bhAratanI nadIo eziyAbharamAM lAMbAmAM lAMbI che. temAM gaLA prApta karavAnuM saMpUrNapaNe A varga mATe ja maryAdita banAvI ane siMdhu nadIo moTI che. tenA parathI dezanuM nAma paDeluM devAmAM AvyuM che. ane temanA sivAya bIjA koIne e kalA che. IjiptanI nAIla ane sithiyAnI IsTara nadIonA pravAha (jJAna) prApta karavAnI chUTa hotI nathI, te varSanI Rtuo, bhegA karIe to paNa A nadIo temanA karatAM moTI che. gaMgA rAjya para AvanAra mahAna Aphata vize bhaviSyavANI kahe che. ane jamanA nadIo vadhu lAMbI che, ane temane mAgamAM ghaNI paNa teo sAmAnya lekanAM bhaviSya kahevAnI darakAra rAkhatA nadIo bhegI maLe che, jemAMnI keTalIka to vahANavaTAne lAyaka nathI, kAraNa ke hai kI bAbatone saMbaMdha sAmAnya najIvI bAbato che. megasthanisa ghaNI nadIonAM nAma Ape che. bhAratamAM dara sAthe hote nathI paNa kaI rAjajyotiSI traNavAra bhaviSya varSe be vAra phaLe ane anAja pAka levAmAM Ave che. kahevAmAM niSphaLa jAya to tene zikSA tarIke bhaviSyamAM kaI AgAhI nahi karavAnuM ane mauna rAkhavAnuM kahevA mAM Ave - caMdraguptanI rAjadhAnI pATalIputra vize megesthanisa jaNAve che. ekavAra jene AvI zikSA karavAmAM Ave che tene pharIthI

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nathI. ati saMdarbha graMtha 241 bhadivyavANI kaheto karavA mATe A vizvamAM kedanI tAkAta carcA ka tA nathI. emane Dara lAge che ke te bhraSTAcArI bane te sau prathama temanI gupta rAkhavA jevI vAta apavitra vya kitane kahIde. bIjuM temanI patnIomAM dharma-jijJAsA jAge A saMte ughADA phare che. ziyALAmAM taDake mANavA mATe te te temane tyajI paNa de, kAraNa ke je kaI vyaktine AnaMda teo khullAmAM rahe che. jyAre sakhata tApa hoya tyAre teo prada tema ja jIvana ane mRtyu pratye tIraskAra hoya che te vizALa vRkSa nIce ghAsavALI jamina para rahe che te dareka anyanA tAbAmAM rahevAnuM pasaMda karatI nathI. AmAM strIo RtumAM thatAM phaLane AhAra laI jIvana gujAre che. teo ane puruSa baMnene samAveza thAya che. jhADanI chAla je mIThAzamAM ane pauSTikapaNAmAM khajUra karatAM jarA paNa ochI nathI hotI. te khorAkamAM le che. brAhmaNanI mAnasika sAdAI temanAM keTalAka dRSTibiMduomAM. jaNAI Ave che, kAraNa ke teo vANI karatAM sadavartanamAM brAhmaNe ane bauddha zramaNe vize megasthanise varNana sArA che. grAma gRDha tatvo dvArA pitAnI moTAbhAganI karyuM che. brAhmaNe UMcI pratiSThA bhegave che. teo temanA mAnyatAo darzAve che. jemake, brahmAMDanuM sarjana thayeluM che ane siddhAMtane custatAthI vaLagI rahe che. teo peTamAM garbharUpe te nAzavaMta che. ane zrIke jemaja mAne che ke te daDAkAranuM hoya che tyArathI ja teone paMDitenI kALajI heThaLa mUkI che. je Izvare tene banAvyuM che te tenuM saMcAlana kare che. dare devAmAM Ave che. paMDite mAtA pAse jAya che ne bALakane kanAM prAthamika to che ne te bhinna bhinna che. paNa badhA janma sukhamaya thAya te rIte maMtroccAra kare che. paNa hakIkatamAM sarjanamAM pANI prAthamika tatva hatuM. ane cAra tatvo uparAMta A paMDite salAha sUcana ApavA jatA hoya che. je strIo pAMcamuM kudaratI tatva svarga ane svargIya padArthonuM baneluM A paMDitenI salAha rasapUrvaka sAMbhaLe che te potAnuM bALaka che, ane pRthvI brahmAMDanA kendramAM AvelI che. moTuM bhAgyazALI nivaDaze tema mAne che. _ brAhmaNe bIja ane AtmA temaja bIjI ghaNI bAbatamAM bALaka jema jema moTAM thAya che tema tema meTA paMDita mATA pADa mAnyatA dharAvatA hovAnuM vidvAne jaNAve che. pleTonI mAphaka tenI dekharekha heThaLa AvatAM jAya che. A ciMtako zahera teo AtmAnI amaratA, heDIsanA nyAyamAM mAnyatA ane sAme AvelA tapavanamAM rahe che jyAM temanI jarUriyAte bIjI AvI bAbatamAM gRDha mAnyatAo dharAve che, pUtI maLI rahe che. teo kasariyuM jIvana gALe che ne sAdaDI ke carma para sue che. te prANIone khorAka khAvAmAM ke bauddha zramaNanI bAbatamAM megasthanIsa jaNAve che ke premanA baMdhanathI dUra rahe che. ane je zravaNu karavA mAge teomAM vadhu sanmAnIya te tapasvIo che. teo ja temAM temane upadeza ApavAnuM kArya kare che. zravaNa karanAra te vakhate rahI pAMdaDAM ane jaMgalI phaLa para nirvAha kare che, jhADano. vAta karI zakatA nathI, khAMsI khAI sakate nathI ke thUkI chAla pahere che, dArUthI ane premane AnaMdathI dUra rahe che. zakate nathI je te tema kare te tene tyAMthI te divasa puratuM teo rAjAo sAthe vicAra vimarza kare che. rAjAe potAnA kADhI mUkavAmAM cAve che, kAraNake te potAnI jAta para aMkuza dave dvArA banAvenAM kAraNa puchAve che. A tapasvIothI bIjA rAkhI zakatA nathI. AvI rIte sADatrIsa varSa vItAvyA pachI sthAne auSadhavidone sthAna ApavAmAM Ave che. . te pitAnA ghera pAcho phare che ane tyAM ghaNI svataMtratAthI ane ochA saMyamathI rahe che. teo brAhmaNa zaNanAM vastro prastuta mAnavatAvAdI dArzanI karakasariyA vRttinA hoya pahere che ne kAnamAM ane hAtha para senAnAM AbhuSaNe pahere che. te ghara bahAra paga mUkatA nathI. mana ceDama tathA javanA che. mAnavIne tene kAmamAM madadarUpa na hoya tevAM prANIonuM kherAka para rahe che. Avo kherAka temane koI bhIkSA mAgamAMsa khAvAmAM bhAga le che paNa tIkhuM ane tune kherAka vAthI Ape che agara koI temane satkAra ka nine Ape che khAvAmAMthI dUra rahe che. teo jAduthI lekane ghaNA saMtAno thAya tema kare che ane chokarA ke chokarI thAya tema kare che teo davAthI nahi paNa brAhmaNa jeTalI zakya hoya eTalI strIone paraNe che kaThoLanA dANAthI ghaNuM rege maTADe che temanI davAomAM jethI karIne vadhu bALake thaI zake, kAraNa ke vadhu patnIothI malama ane lepa vadhu jANItAM che. e sivAya temanA bIjA sArI jAtanAM bALake vadhu thAya. upAye kharAba che. A brAhmaNane tyAM nokaro hotA nathI tethI bALake pAse gharakAmanI sevA karAvI zakAya kemake bALake ja temanI strIo A varganA ane bIjAo kAma karavAmAM ane khaMtIlA samIpa rahetAM hoya che. paNAmAM sahanazIlatA evI batAve che ke teo halanacalana karyA vagara Akho divasa eka ja sthitimAM rahe che. teomAM brAhmaNe temanI lagna karelI patnIo sAthe dharma aMge- divyatA che ane maMtra cAra kare che. teo vidhi ane Jain Education Intemational

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242 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitAbhAga-2 maraNa kriyAo karAvavAmAM karela hoya che. teo gAme gAme chaThTho vaga nIrikSako guptacaro)ne che. teo deza ane ane zahere zahere dAna mAgatA phare che. bIjAo temanA nagaramAM zuM bane che tenI jAsusI kare che. jyAM lokee rAjA karatAM vadhu siddha ane ziSTa hoya che. sthApita karyo (eTale ke pasaMda karIne) hoya to rAjAne badhuM ja nivedana kare che. ane jyAM lokonuM svazAsana hoya tyAM - A pachI bIjI jJAti jamina kheDanArAonI che, je nagara pAlaka (mejIsTeTasa)te teo nivedana kare che. khe vasatIno moTo bhAga che. A lekene za ApavAmAM AvatAM nivedana karavAnuM temane mATe azakya hoya che, kAraNa ke kaInathI temaja temane lazkarI sevAo paNa ApavI paDatI nathI paNa bhArata.ya 22 juThuM bolavAno AkSepa thaI zakato nathI. teo jamIna kheDe che ane rAjAo tathA svataMtra nagarane khaMDaNI bhare che. AMtara vigrahanA samayamAM sainikone A sAtamI jJAti rAjyanA salAhakAranI che. je rAjAne ke kheDUtone luMTavAnI ke temanI jamIna khedAnamedAna karI mUka svAyatta nagare nA pAlakane rAjya kAryanI bAbatamAM salAha vAnI paravAnagI apAtI nathI. jyAre sainike eka bIjA sAthe Ape che. saMkhyAnI draSTie A varga khUba mAne che, paNa laDe che, ane kApAkApI kare che, tyAre A kheDUto najIkamAM pragADha zANapaNa ane nyAyaparAyaNatAthI te alaga tarI Ave ja zAMtithI kheDavAnuM, anAja bheguM karavAnuM, jhADanI DALIo che. A kAraNe teo sUbAonI prAMtanA adhyakSanI nAyaba kApavAnuM ke pAka laNavAnuM kAma kare che. sUbAonI. kaSAgAra nIrikSakanI lazkaranA senApationI, naukAdaLanA kaptAnanI, niyAmakanI ane khetI para nIrikSaNa karanAra kamiznaranI pasaMdagI karavA bAbatane vizeSAdhikAra bhAratanA lekamAM trIjI jJAti bharavADa ane govALAnI bhagave che. che. teo nagara ke gAmaDAmAM rahetA nathI paNa bhaTakatuM jIvana gALa che ane DuMgarAomAM rahe che. teone khaMDaNa (karaverA) dezane rivAja jJAtio vaccenA AMtara lagna para pratibharavI paDe che , te e dvAramAM Ape che. teo humalo karanArAM baMdha pharamAve che, dA. ta. kArIgara jJAtimAMthI kheDUta patnI ane jaMgalI pazaenI zodhamAM dezamAM bhramaNa kare che ane meLavI zakato nathI tevI rIte kArIgara kheDUta vargamAMthI panA. temane trAsa ocho kare che. meLavI zakato nathI. dezane rivAja keIne paNuM be vyavasAya karavA mATe tathA eka jJAti cheDI bIjI jJAtimAM praveza karavA cethI jAti hunnara udyoga kArIgaro ane dukAna mATe pratibaMdha pharamAve che. vALa kheDUta banI sakato nathI, dArI che. teone keTalIka samAja sevAo mahenatANuM laIne tevI rIte kArIgara govALa paNa banI zakato nathI. paNa phaka karavI paDe che. ane potAnI mahenatathI je utpanna karyuM hoya dArzanika, ciMtaka, purohita game te jJAtimAMthI thaI zakAya temAMthI khaMDaNI bhare che. jeo yuddhanAM zo banAve che teone che, kAraNa ke tenuM jIvana saraLa nathI paNa ba yA kara tA 5rUM .. mATe temAM apavAda rAkhavAmAM Ave che eTaluM ja nahi, paNa rAjya taraphathI temane pagAra paNa ApavAmAM Ave che. AvA bhAratanA leke sAduM jIvana gujAre che. ane te re teo lazkarA caDhAI karatA hoya che. tyAre savizeSa pAo sAdAI vargamAM vahANa bAMdhanArAo ane nadInA vahANavaTAmAM rokAyelA khalAsIone paNa samAveza thAya che. rAkhe che. teone a- hIna ghaMghATathI AnaMda maLato nathI. tethI teo ziSTa rIte varte che. paNa teone moTAmAM moTo Atma bhAratanA lekamAM pAMcamI jAti laDavaiyAonI che. teo saMyama corInI bAbatamAM che. megesthanisa jaNAve che ke pita kheDUta lekenI saMkhyAnI dRSTie bIjA krame Avela che, paNa jayAre caMdraguptanI lazkarI chAvaNImAM gaye hatA tyAre tyAM teo taddana svataMtra ane mejIka jIvana gALe che. teone phakta 40 hajAra rAvaTIo hatI. base kamathI vadhu kIMmata hoya lazkarI pharaja ja bajAvavAnI hoya che judA judA leke temane tevI vAnanA cArA thayAnA ahevAla eNe kaI divasa sAMbhamATe zastro banAve che ane temane gheDA purA pADe che. lazkarI LyA na hatA e kahe che ke A bAbata evA lekenI hatI kyA ' chAvaNImAM temanI dekharekha rAkhanAra bIjA paNa hoya che, je jyAM elekhiya kAyadA amalamAM hatAM. e lekene lekhita temanA ghoDAonI saMbhALa rAkhe che, temanAM zo sAka kAgaLapAnIjA hAtI nathI ane dareka bAbatano vyavahAra kare che, temanA hAthIo hAMke che. temanA rathe taiyAra kare che yAdazakitathI calAve che temanI sAdAI ane karakasariyApaNAne ane temanA sArathI tarIkenI kAmagIrI bajAve che. jyAM sudhI la 1 lIdhe teo sAre vyavahAra calAve che. A ddhAonI laDavAmAM jarUra hoya tyAM sudhI teo laDe che loke ya nA samaya sivAya kharekhara dArU pItA nathI. teo ane jyAre zAMti sthapAya tyAre teo laDavAnuM cheDI daI javano nahi paga khAmAMthI banAvela dArU pIe che. teonA AnaMda pramodamAM paDI jAya che. rAjya taraphathI temane e AhAramAM moTe bhAge cokhAnI kAMjI hoya che. lokonI sAdAI sAro para maLe che ke teo tenAthI temane ane bIjAone temanA kAyadA ane karAromAM dekhAI Ave che je batAve che paNa jIvana nirvAha saraLatAthI calAvI zake che. ke teo nyAya mATe dAvo karavAnI vRttinA nathI. teo huMDI Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 243 ke anAmato mATe dAvA mAMDatA nathI ke temane sAkSIe ke athavA mahera (chApa)nI jarUra paDatI nathI. jeAne tyAM teo vyAje rakama mUkeche temanAmAM teo vizvAsa rAkhe che. teo sAmAnya rIte temanA gharanA sAmAna arakSAyele rAkhIne pharatA hoya che. A badhu temanI gaMbhIratA khatAve che. paNa temanI bIjI TavA koIpaNa pasaMda na kare tevI che. te hazaizA ekalA khAya lAkone bhaTakatuM jIvana cheADI khetI karavAnuM zIkhavyuM tene khetInAM AjArI purAM pADayAM. A dezanA loko ghaNA bIjA devAne ane pUje che jemAM DAyenisasa paNa che. tee Dhola ane kIratAvathI jene bhaje che te DAyenasase zIkhavelu' che. temane seTarika nRtya paNa zIkhavyuM che. devAnA mAnamAM lekI lAMbA vALa ha~gADe ane tenA para pAghaDI pahere te paNa DhAyA nanA samaya koI nakkI hAtA nathI. jene jema phAve te rIte khAyache. bIjI rItathI (vyavasthita ke samayasara) khAvAthI sAmA chaka ane nAgarika vana vadhu sahAyakArI baneche. che ane badhA mATe savAranA alpAhAranA ke sAMjanA bheja-nisase zIkhavyuM che. loko peAtAnA zarIre sugaMdhI lepa lagADe te paNa teNe zIkhavyuM che. sikaMdara bhAratamAM AnyA te samaye lAkAne DIvALa ane DholanA avAjethI laDAI karavA mATe bhegA karavAmAM AvatA hatA. sAMjanA leAjana bAbatamAM megasthanika jaNAve che ke bhAra" tanA loko jyAre sAMjanuM bhAjana karatA hAya che tyAre darekanI sAme Rtu pAyAvALI nAnI ghADI rIporTa mUkavAmAM Ave che. enA para senAnA lADako mUkavAmAM Ave che ne temAM prathama bhAta pIrasavAmAM Ave che. e pachI temAM ghaNAM mISTAnna, je bhAratIya Dhabe banAvelAM hoya che te mUkavAmAM Ave che. gargasthanIsa jaNAve che ke bhAratanA leTIna lAko para AkramaNa karatA nathI ke bIjI prajA temanA para AkramaNa karatI nathI. ahIM te ijiptanA zakta sIsaTrIsa ane sidhiyana rAjA IMDenathAyaraseAse bhArata sivAya anyatra relAM AkrumAnA ullekha kare che, siyiAnI rANI romirAgIrI bhArata para AkramaNu karavA AgevAnI levAnuM nakkI kareluM paNa acAnaka tenuM avasAna thayuM hatuM. Ama sikadara ja evA hato ke teNe bhArata para caDhAI karI jItyuM hatuM. sIka dare AkaLyu karyAM pachI zrIkAnA saMparkathI bhAratanA leAkAnI kevI pragati thaI te khAyatamAM megasthanisa vicitra rajUAta kare che. te jAve che ke bhAratamAM kula 118 jAtio che. prAcIna samayamAM yaneAnI jema te bhaTakatu jIvana gALatI hatI. te khetI karavI nahiM ane dareka Rtu badalAtA eka jagyA ethI bIjI jagyAe bhramaNu karatI te nagarAmAM rahetI ke madizamAM pUjA karatI nahiM. A jAtinA loko evA jaMgalI hatA ke te je jaMgalI prANIonI hatyA karavA tenAM cAmaDAM vasa tarIke parNamatA. teo jhADanI chAla khAI nirvAha karatA. tala (tADa) nAmathI bhAratamAM ALakhAnAM jhADa para thatAM unanAM iMDA jevAM phaLa khAtA. teo je jaMgalI prANIone pakaDI zakatA tenuM mAMsa khAtA. DAyenisasa AvatAM pahelAM teo AvI rIte to rahetA ja hatA. 4 bhAratanA kAnA mAcAravipAra ane rIna kAja bAba tamAM megeDnIsa jaNAve che ke teemAM ekabIjAne maLavAnI pracalita rIta ekabIjAnA zarIrane spaSTa karavAnI che. tee ku LI lAkaDI sAmA ! zarIrane 3 badapaka spI thAya te rIte aDakADe che. tenI kaniyA sahI hoya che ne tenA paranA DhagalA (kabara) nA nA dAya che tenI sAmAnya paNe sAdAI hovA chatAM te pADAnI tane zaNagAravAnA ghaNA zAkhIna che. teo sAnA bharatavALA poSAka pahere che. kIMmatI pRthA hiMta A no upayoga kare che ne bapakAdAra zajInAM lagna pahere che ane chatrI vApare che kAraNake teo suMdaratAnu mukhya himAMke che ane je kAI temanI suMdaratAmAM vadhAro kare tenA te upayega kare che. tee sadguNa ane satya tarapha AdarabhAva rAkhe che. temAM vRddha penI uMmarane prAdhAnya ApatA nathI sivAya ke tee . pa3mAM pazu caDiyAtA hAya leka ghaNI 5 nI meA paraNe che emane sTe.nA mAtApitA pAsethI baLadanI eDI ApI badAmAM khIdavAmAM Aveche. DAyenizame AvIne A le keAne jItyA, nagaza sthApyAM, kAyA ApyA, dArUnA upayega zIkhaSpA jamIna kheDatAM zIkhablu ane khetI mATe bIyAraNa purU pADayuM. to pAta kheDavA mA. sau prathama haLanI sAthe baLada joyA ane bhAratanA ghar3A A rIte DAyeAnisasanA parAkramanu varNana karyAM pachI meganisa herAkala sanu rA rIke varNana kare che, je khUba aspaSTa ane visaMgatAthI bharapUra che. svAnabeMka ane menDilanA dhAmAM mesthanisanI InDi kAnA nAme je dhIta utArA che tenI khAdhAra bhUtatA ghaNI ...spada che. maiganisanA ja muLa lakhaNumAMthI te badhAM levAyA che ka enDa prazna svAbhAvika rIte udbhave che. zakAspada ahe vAvomAM bhAratanA leAkeAnA AcAravicAra rItabhAtA tathA nagarapAlikA ane lazkarI tatra mATenI siitaonI ma.huM.tI khAsa ullekhanIya che, je have jAie. ema karavAmAM bhAratanA keTalAka vADI huM raMtu satvare mANA pAlana karanAra zrAne meLavavAno che. to keTalAkanA manama meLavavA mATe tathA ghaNAM sattAna meLavavAnA hoya che. pa je pati patnIne pitra rahevAnI raja na pADe to patnIne vezyA navAnI paravAnagI ' thA che. jyAre keI yajJakArya karatu hoya ke dhUpa karatudAya ke havanamAM dArU reDAtu hoya tyAre hAra paheratu nathI. havana mATe

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244 kaiAI alinI garadana kApatA nathI paNa te dabAve che jethI karIne devane tene kApyA vagaranA AkhA ja bhAga dharI zakAya je koi khoTI sAkSI Ape tenA hAthapaga kApI nAMkhavAmAM Ave che. je kAI khIjAnAM age kApe che. tene tevI ja zikSA karavAMmAM Ave che, uparAMta tenA hAtha kApI nAkhavAmAM Ave che. jo koI kArIgaranA hAtha kApI nAkhe agara AMkha phADI nAkhe to tene mRtyudaMDa apAya che. nagaranA kamizanare pAMcanI saMkhyAmAM cha juthamAM vaheM'cA lanA daravAjA * mahAra gAThavavAmAM Avelu hAya che. je kAI sI dArU pIdhela sthitinA rAjAnI hatyA kare che tene rAjAnA anugAmInI patnI banavAne adhikAra maLe che ne tenAM sa'tAnA gAdInAM hakkadAra bane che. rAjA divasabhara sUto nathI. tenI viruddha thatAM kAvatarAne lIdhe rAtre paNa tene vAravAra pathArI addalavAnI pharaja pADavAmAM Ave che rAjAnAM mahela cheDIne javAnAM bIna-lazkarI-prayANAmAM eka to te darabAramAM jAya te che tyAM te AkhA vakhata phariyAda sAMbhaLavAmAM JItAve che. ema chatAM tyAM paNa tenI surakSA mATenI paLa AvatI hAya che, e kALajI tyAre levAya che ke jyAre tene lAkaDAnI sATIe vaDe spaSTa karavAmAM Ave che. jyAre te phariyAdA sAMbhaLato hAya che tyAre tenI AsapAsa ubhelA cAra mANasA lAkaDInA spaSTa kare che. bIjo apavAda yajJa vakhate karavA mA Ava che. trIjo apavAda akIkanA zikAra vakhate karavAmAM Ave che jyAM tenI AsapAsa sIenA gherA heAya che ane sIenI Asa pAsa bhAlAdhArIe heAya che. rastA para doraDAM bAMdhelA hAya che, je kAI dAraDAmAM thaI strI pAse jAya tene mRtyudaMDanI sajA karAya che. srIe AgaLa DhAla tathA jhAlara vagADanArA cAle che. rAjAnI surakSAnI kAmagIrI srIone ( strI a'garakSaka ) hAya che. A strIone temanA pitA pAsethI kharIdavAmAM AvelI hAya che. rAjAnA aMgarakSako ane bAkInu lazkarI daLa mahe.yelA che. eka tutha hasta udyogeAnI kalAnA kSetrano saMbhALa rAkhe che. bIjuM jutha AgaMtukA (ajANyAe)nI sAra saMbhALa rAkhe che. Aga tukAne bhAjananA sthaLe mekale che, temanI sAthe madadanIze meAkalI temanI hIlacAla para cAMpatI najara rAkhe che, ane vidAya thatAM temane rakSaNu Ape che athavA jee koi mRtyu pAme te temanI mAlamilkata ceAgya ThekANe mAkalI Ape che. Aga tuka jo mAMdA paDe te temanI sAravAra kare ane jo te marI jAya to temanI daphanakriyA kare che. trIjI jutha janma ane maraNu te kayAre ane kevI rIte thayAM tenI cakAsaNI kare che. te karaverA mATenA tathA janma ane mRtyu sArI rIte ke kharAba rIte thayAM te ajANyu na rahe te hetuthI kare che. AMtarelI jagyAmAM rAjA zikAra khele chaeN, thamAMnI pIkiA parathI te khANu cheDe che. (be ke traNa zastra strIe tenI bAjumAM UbhI rahe che. ) jyAM AMtarelI jagyA nathI hAtI tyAM hAthI parathI zikAra khele che. strIe gheADA para ke hAthI para savArI karIne tenI sAthe rahe che ane tee lazkarI caDhAI karavA jatI vakhata dhAraNa karavAM paDatAM tamAma zastrAthI susajja vhAya che, vahIvaTItaMtramAM nagara samitie ane lazkarI samiti aMge megasthanisa jaNAve ke adhikArIomAM keTalAka bajAra mATenA kamizanare (variSTha adhikArIe) che. keTalAka nagara ( kamizanarA che ane bIjAe sainikAnu khAtuM sabhALe che. ajAra kamizarAnu kArya nIcenI sApha sUphI rAkha- vAnu, ijiptanI mAphaka jamInanI punaH mApaNI karavAnu ane je aMdha naheramAMthI bhUna lakAomAM pANI puravaTho ya che, tenI tapAsaNI karavAnuM che. ema karavAthI badhAM teneA apA eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga-2 sarakhI rIte upayoga karI zake. A minA pAse zikArIenu khAtu paNa hAya che ne teo jemane badaleA ApavAnA hoya ke zikSA karavAnI hAya temane te pramANe karavAnA adhikAra dharAve che. te karaverA vasula kare che ane jamIna sAthe saMbadha dharAvatA hunnarA, kaThiyArA, sudhArA, kaMsArA ane khANIyAenA dhaMdhA para nIrIkSaNa kare che. te rastA taiyAra karAve che ane dara dasa sTeDiyAeMtara tAvatA ane upamArgo batAvatA thAMbhalA mUkAve che. Jain Education Intemational ceAthu' jutha vecANu ane paraspara vinimayanI khAkhata sAthe sabaMdha dharAve che te teAlamApa tathA RtunAM phaLonI dekharekha rAkhe che. bajAramAM ati nIzAnIvALAM kaLA vecI zakAya che. paNa eka ja vyakita evaDA kara ApyA vagara eka karatAM vadhu cIjone paraspara vinimaya karI zakatI nathI. pAMca jutha kArIgarAe banAvela mAlanI dekharekha rAkhe che. ane rAkhe che. ane nIzAnI ati karI vece che junAmAMthI navuM judu' pADe che. je vyakita baMnenu mizraNa kare che tenA IMDa karavAmAM Ave che. chaThThuM' ne chellu jutha vecAyelI cIjonI kimatane dasamA bhAga vasula kare che je vyakti A chupAve che dehAMtadaMDa ApavAmAM Ave che. tene Ama dareka juthanI AvI viziSTa kro che paNa te adhAM khAnagI ke jAhera bAbate jAhera bAMdhakAmeAnI durastI, kImatA (Prices) khajAra sthaLA, adA ane madirAnI paNa saMyukata rIte kALajI rAkhe che. nagara kamizanarezanA taMtra pachI trIjuM saMyukata vahIvaTI taMtra che je lazkarI khAkhato sabhALe che. te paNa pAMcanI sakhyAnA cha juthamAM vaheM'cAyelu che. temAMnu paheluM jutha naukAdhipati hastaka mUkAyelu che. bIjI' jutha je vyakita maLadAnI joDIenu khAtu saMbhALe che tenA hastaka mukAyeluM che. khaLadonA thayega yuddhanAM zastrA ane khArAka sAmagrI je mAnavIe ke prANIo mATe laI javAya che tene laI javAmAM ane lazkaranI bIjI jarUriyAtanI cIjo laI javA mATe kara

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mRti saMdarbha matha : " 245y che. vAmAM Ave che. A jutha Dhola vagADanArA, jhAlara vagADanArA, jAtinAM lokonAM zarIra khAya che. erisTobalase takSazilAnAM dhoDAnI mAvajata karanAra, yAMtrIka kArIgaro ane temanA madada- keTalAka navina ane asAdhAraNa rivAje nedhyA che. garIbAIne nIza jevA nokaro pUrA pADe che. te ghaMTanA avAjanI jema lIdhe potAnI dIkarIonA lagna na karI zakanAra pitA tene ghAsacAre mokalI Ape che ane kadara karIne ke zikSA karIne kevI rIte bharabajAramAM vece che te vize mRtyu pAmelA pati kAmamAM jhaDapa tathA salAmatI rAkhe che. pAchaLa satI thanAra strIo vize mAhitI Ape che. sTee - trIjuM jutha bhUmidaLa, cothuM jutha hayadaLa pAMcamuM jutha jaNAvyuM che ke je strI ane pavitra rahevAnI pharaja tene pati na pADe to tene vezyAne vyavasAya karavAnI paravAnagI apAya ra ane chaDuM jutha gajadALa nI bAbatonI saMbhALa rAkhe che. ghoDA ane pazuonA tabelAo tathA zastrAgAra vizALa hoya che tathA je sI dArU pIdhelA rAjAnI hatyA kare che tene badache, sainike pitAnAM zastro zastrAgAramAM, gheDAne tenA tabelAmAM : lAmAM rAjAnA anugAmInI patnI banavAno hakka maLe che. ane pazune tenA tabelAmAM suparata kare che. gheDA ane pazuo megesthanise jaNAvyuM che ke pAMDavya rAjyamAM strIo cha varSanI lagAma vagara upayogamAM levAmAM Ave che. kUca karatI vakhate * vaye saMtAnone janma Ape che. strIo, pAMDya rAjyano vahIrathane baLa.dethI kheMcIne laI javAmAM Ave che, paNa ghoDA vaTa calAve che. purunuM vadhuM lAMbu AyuSya cAlIsa varSanuM ene phakta DokamAM gALiyAM nAMkhIne derI javAmAM Ave che, hoya che. jemAM eka ja pAsa karyuM che ke ja hoya che. prebo eka jagyAe kahe che ke keIne ghaDe ke hAthI che jethI karIne upara sAja mUkavAthI tenA paganI cAmaDI cholAI rAkhavAnI paravAnagI apAtI nathI. niyArakasa paNa tene samana jAya ane ratha kheMcatI vakhate tene jusso narama na paDI rthana Ape che. nikolasa DemAsInasa pra pAse uchInI rakama ke jAya. sArathi uparAMta dareka rathamAM be laDanArA hoya che. paNa anAmata rakama pAchI meLavavAne kAyadAthI koI upAya nathI. hAthI cArane laI jAya che, temAM mAvata ane traNa bANadhArIo Treno, nivArakasa, meinasa vageree senuM khodI kADhatI hoya che jeo hAthInI pITha pAchaLanA bhAgamAMthI bANa choDe che. kIDIonI vAto eka yA bIjI rIte lakhI che. A kIDIonI cAmaDI ri.ttA maLatI 2Ave che tema darzAvyuM che. AraMbhamAM jaNAvyA pramANe megasthanisanA nAme kahe'vAmAM AvelI ane eNe pio paNa keTalIka vAto evI kahI Ama bhAratanA itihAsa ane saMskRti vize megasthache je asatya ane asvIkAra kare che. A mATe keTalAMka nise ApelA ahevAlanI satyatAe tathA inDikAmAMthI lIdhelA daSTAMto joIe. megesthanisa pAro jaNAve che ke kokesasamAM phakarA. utArA ke sArasaMgreDa meLavIne lakhyA che dAvo karatA je leka raDe chene khullAmAM strI sahaga kare che ane temanI lekhakoe bhAre guMcavADe ubhe karyo che. rInA TAIlsa 00000000000000000 1915 : imArTa bIjhanesa : * seneTarIvera ane bIDIMgane lagatI bAITamene vepAra. 000000% * sImenTa TAIlsanuM kArakhAnuM zarU karyuM. 00000000000000 000000000000 * mArabala ane kaTappA sTona kaTIMga enDa pilIziMganuM kAra mAnuM zarU karyuM. 1969 rAha cIpsa banAvavAnuM tathA tAMdura lAdI devIsiMganuM kArakhAnuM zarU karyuM. A 1970 * ekasapaTa bIjhanesa. * - - - - TelIphrena naMbara : 3810/1938 baMdara reDa, bhA vana 2. TelIphona naM bara : 258742 17/10 hanImana sarkala, muMbaI-1 Jain Education Intemational

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RY eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 With Best Compliments From Messers J. Chittaranjan & Co. 312 Maker Bhawan III 21 New Marine Lines BOMBAY-400 020 Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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phAhiyAnano bhArata pravAsa - i. sa. pUrvenI sahIthI bhAratanI dharma, AcAra vicAra ane saMskRtinI khyAti cIna dezamAM phelAI gaI hatI. sumA-ceina nAmanA lekhaka je I. sa. pUrvanI pahelI sadImAM thayA. temaNe bhArata vizenI mAhitI temanA pustakamAM ApI che. A samaye cInadezamAM bauddha dharmanA bahu pracAra thayA na hato. samrATa azokanA prayanA pachI madhya eziyAmAM bauddha dharmanA pracAra thayo ane dhIme dhIme bauddha dharmanA pracAra cInamAM thayuM. i. sa. ke pachI cInamAM magaDhA nAge mATa thayA tevuM bhAratamAMthI gautamanAM citra ane dhanamAnI prApti mATe mANasA meAkalI ApyA. teo bhAratamAMthI kazyapamAtaMga ane dhamakane cInamAM laI gayA. A chIe tyAM baudhdhadharmano pracAra karyA. sauthI pahelAM cau'zI rAjakumAre baudhadhama svIkAryo. tenA mATe eka dhArAma banAvavA Ape ane tyAM baudhdhadharmanAM aneka citro taiyAra karavAmAM AvyAM. A sadhArAma mATaeNga cokakAna ' tarIke oLakhAya che. kazyapamAtaMge ane dharma rakSake bauddhadharmanA graMthonA cInI bhASAmAM anuvAda karyAM ane tyAMnI prajAne A dharmAMnA pAMcAnI dizA mAnI. Ama bhArata ane cIna vacce guru zirA saMbadhe! a'dhAyA. dhIme dhIme aneka cInAo mauddhadharmanA vizao banyA ane cInamAM bhikSusa'dhanI racanA karavAmAM AvI. A bhillusa 6 racanA pachI ane obhakSue bhArata yAtrAe AvavA lAgyA. teo paMjAbathI AgaLa vaLyA nI. moTAbhAganA A pravAsIo ke dharma yAtrIonI noMdha Apa ne Aja maLatI nathI nathI te vize ke emanA pravAsa vize khAsa ApaNane jANuvA maLatuM nathI. paraMtu vA pravAsIe aaN jeNe bhArata yAtrAnI vigato lakhI hoya ane Aje ApaNane mAhitI maLatI heAya tevA pahelA pravAsI tarIke AhiyAnanuM nAma gaNavAmAM Ave che. A pInI pustAmAM bhima lhAvyu che ke samrATa niMgAe I. sa. 61mAM eka svapna joyu* emAM kAMcana nA e pu AkAzamAMthI tenA mahela tarapha AvI rahyo che. eNe matrIone A aMge puchyu te matrIoe jaNAvyu ke pazcimamAM gautama nAme eka deva che. e ApanA darzanamAM AvyA hatA. A sAMbhaLI ra.jAe eka pa ita ane keTalAka rAjakama cArIone A svapnamAM Avela putranuM citra ane enA upadeza athA levA mATe bhArata mokalI ApyA, tee bhAratamAMthI kazyapamAtaMga ane dha rakSakane zInamAM thai gayA. zrI je. ema. zAhu phAhiyAnanA janma kyAre thayA ane teNe kayAre bhArata tarapha prayANa karyuM. tenI cAkkasa vigato ApaNane maLatI nathI. enA janma pigayAMga pradezamAM AvelA uyaMgamAM thayeA hato. enu mULanAma kuMga hatuM. enA janma pahelAMnA enA bhAIA jIvatA na hatA tenA traNa bhAIe mRtyu pAmyA hAvAthI tenA pitAe nAnI ummare ja bhikSusa'dhane soMpyo hato. tene sAmanera * banAvI peAtAnI pAse rAkhyA hato. devayeAge kuMga rAgI thai gayA tethI kuraMgane vihAramAM mekalI ApavAmAM byA. tyAM te sAro thaI gayA. tenA pitA tene ghera bolAvI lAvavA gayA paNa kuMge vihAramAM rahevAnI IcchA batAvI. 10 varSanI ummare tenA pitAnA svargavAsa thayeA. vidhavA mAtAnI te eka ja Aga rUpa hato. tenA kAkAe tene ghera AvI mAtA sAthe rahevA khUba samAnyA pachu tevuM ghera A vA nA pADI. teNe jaNAvyu ke te pAtAnA pitAno icchAthI vihAramAM rahyo nathI paNa potAnI icchA auddhabhikSuka ana-- vAnI hatI tethI ja te vihAramAM rahyo che. thADA divase pachI anI mAtA mRtyu pAmI. tene samAdhi ApavA te gayA paNa vividha vALyA pachI te pharI viSNuAmAM pAcho AvyeA. eka vakhata peAtAnA 20 sAthIdAro sAthe kuMga khetaromAMthI anAja kApI rahyA hatA tyAre keTalAka cAro kApelu anAja upADI javA AvyA. A joine tenA sAthIdAro palAyana thai gayA paNa kuMga tyAMthI khasyA niDe, te kahevA lAgyA ke tamArAthI jaTaluM laI javAya teTaluM laI jAo paNa yAda rAkhA AgalA janmamAM tame koine anAja dAnamAM ApyuM nathI. tethI A janmamAM tamAre anAja vinA duHkha sahana karavuM paDe che. mane e vAtanu duHkha thAya che ke tame A janmamAM je A badhu' karI rahyA ! tenu' `Apane have pachI zuM phaLa maLaze? ATaluM khAlI te vihAramAM peAtAnA sAthIo sAthe jaIne beTho A zabdonI cArA para eTalI badhI asara thaI ke teo anAja khetaramAM ema ja rahevA daI ne pAchA cAlyA gayA. vihAranA bhikSuoe jyAre A vAta jANI tyAre teJoe kuganA khUba vakhANa karyA", sAmananI avasthA pUrI thayA pachI kuLane pratyA ApavAmAM AvI tyArathI enu nAma phAhiyAna pADavAmAM A AvyuM. cInI bhASAmAM phAne arthe dharma" ane hiyAnanA atha 'AcArya' ke 'rakSaka' thAya che eTale phAhiyAnanA artha dharmAM dhI levA grahaNa na karI heAya evA sAmatera eTa bodha bacAra

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248 cAya ke dharmarakSaka evA thAya. phrADhiyAne dharmanA abhyAsa karyA pachI taLe piTA graMthano abhyAsa zarU karyo. abhyAsa daramyAna tene samajAyu A manamAM evA sakalpa karyo ke bhArata varSamAthI vinayapiTakanI pUrI mAhitI lAvI dezamAM te liMgano nirudha ane lokAne ApIza enA A saMkalpanuM pariNAma e AvyuM ke te caDA samaya bAda bhAratanI yAtrAe AvyA. mAnavInAM daha sakA mAnavImAM kevI adhAga zakti ane preraNA Ape che, eno dAkhalo ApaNane phAhiyAnamAM evA maLe che. * phAhiyAnanA A nizcayane pariNAme te satata A aMge vicAravA lAgyo ke enA vicArane anukuLa bIjA koi bhikSuo tene maLI jAya to tenuM kAma saraLa banI jAya. tene vaizi, tAvica'ga, veyiMga ane havevI nAmanA cAra bhikSuonI mulAkAta thaI, A samaye kADhiyAne cAcagAna vistAramAM raheto hato A pAMca bhikSuoe sAthe maLI bhAratavarSanI tIrthayAtrA karavAno nizcaya karyAM nIya prayAsa daramyAna tripiTaka graMthAnI nakalo paNa prApta karI sAthe laI AvavA vicAryuM teoe A vicAraNA pUrI karyAM pachI I. sa. 400mAM teo badhA cAcagAna nA vihArI ja bhArata bhASavA nIkaLI C paDyA. A bhikSuoe havAMgacenA khIjA varSe yAtrAno karyo hato. cAMgagAnathI thai laMga, kInakIIthI AgaLa vadhI varSAkAlanA kAraNe teo tyAM rIkAi gayA. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 rokAI rahyA kAraNa ke A pradezamAM baLavo phATI nIka tee hato. dezamAM zAMti sthapAI jatAM te tutavAMga nA ka phAhiyAna ane sAthIoe goLInA zumAM AgaLa vadhavAnu gayA. A nagara cInI divAlanI pazcime AveluM che. kIthI zarU karyuM. sattara divasanA muzkelI bharyAM pravAsa paDI te be be goLInuM raNa pasAra karyuM ne te 'zaeNnacena" patra tee pahoMcyA. vigata A pradezanI bhASA temanI bhASA karatAM judI debAnI phAhiyAne ApI che. paMdara divasanA pravAsa pachI teo 'Ue' dezamAM paheAcyA. te samaye tyAM cAra hajArathI vadhAre hInayAna bhikSue rahetA ne tyAM vihAra hatA. teo kaThIna AcAra vicAra pALatA hatA. ahIMnA lokoe i yAna ane tenA sAthIo sAthe sAro vyavahAra khatAbyA na hatA. suMgayuna ane huisAMga nAmanA turkIstAnanA pradezanI mAhitI ApI che. A pradezanA lAkamAM sabhyatA nathI ane temanA paradezIe taraphanA vyavahuAra asabhyatA bharyAM che. mAgaLa vadhatAM kArDiyAna ane tenA sAthIone nijana pradezasauMkalpamAMthI pravAsa karavA paDayA. phAhiyAne A prasa Mge lakhyuM che ke AvuM duHkha ane muzkelIo vanamAM koie veThI niha Aya. A pradezamAM pAMca mihanAne pravAsa karI tebo mukhyata pahoMcyA. * havAMgacenA samaya i.sa. 399thI 414nA samaya gaNAya che. rAjakumAra yAvahiMge peAtAnA rAjyakALanuM nAma havAMgace rAkhyuM hatu. teNe padara varSa rAja karyuM. tenA rAjyakALanA bIjA varSe kADhiyAne bhAratavarSanI yAtrA zarU karI. bhInna ciAyanA badhA anuvAdakanA jaNAvavA pramANe phrAhiyAne I. sa. 399mAM pravAsa zarU karyAM hatA. jainona e pahADI pradeza che. jamIna khaDakAvALI lone cIna dezanI mAphaka lAMbA thatA pahere che hInA rAjA khola dharmamAM mAnanAro che. ane aneka bhiSu A pradezamAM vase che. kInI/zrI triyaMga thai teoe cAMgarI parvata pasAra karyAM ne cALI. yAMgyA. yAgathI cInanI prasiddha divAla pAse AveluM che. cAgayIthI lAMgacAvA thai cInanI bahAra jaI khutana nagara khusana nAmanI nadIne kinAre AveluM che A pradezamAM bauddha dharmanA pracAra che aneka saMdhArAmAM ane zakAtuM. e jamAnAmAM cInamAMthI bahAra javA mATe A anu-vihArA AvelA che ghera ghera stUpa che ane leke premALa che kuLa pravezadvAra hatuM. cIna dezano mAtra A jagyAethI para deza jato hatA. ane pradezano mAla A jagyAethI cInamAM Avato hato . A samaye A pradezamAM azAMti phelAI hatI. tethI phAhiyAna ane tenA sAthIone keTalAka samaya mATe ahiM" zakAi javu paDyu hatu. A sthaLe phrAhiyAnanuM bhAvabIna' svAgata karavAmAM AvyuM. ahIMthI tenA bIjA pAMca bhikSuonA x bheTo thayA te badhA eka thapa' mATe ahiM x yena, havekIna, pAvayuta, sAMgazAo ane sAMgakiMga pAMca bhikSugme bhArata varSa jaI rahyA hatA ramAM rokAyA tenI sAthe pAchaLathI AvelA keTalAka sAthIe evI vigate teNe ApI chephAhiyAna gAmatI nAmamA vihAchUTA paDI gayA hatA te ahI phAhiyAnane maLyA. tene keTalA mAnada thayA haze ? e bhagavAnanI rathayAtrA vizenI vigate sAMbhaLI phAhiyAna A nagaramAM traNa mahinA rokAi gayA. A rathayAtrAne utsava 14 divasa cAlyA rathayAtrAnu varNana ApatAM te jaNAve che ke rastAo sApha karavAmAM Ave che pANI chAMTa vAmAM Ave che. galI galI zatruMgAravAmAM AvI che. nagarana. pravezadrAra AgaLa eka meTa tabu ubhuM karavAmAM Ave che. A rIte badhI taiyArIo thai gayA pachI rAjA tenI rANI (1) kuAhiyAne tenA pravAsa varNanamA janapada zabda traNa atha mAM vAparyAM che. 1 rAmanA nama sathe 2 nadInA nAma sAthe . pracalita nAma sAze.

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smRti saMdarbha maMya 249 ane paricArikAo sAthe Ave che. nagarathI be kilomITara ve che, AMdhI caDhAve che ane paththara varasAve che.* A pra(traNa ke cAra lI. ) eka cAra pagavALe ratha banAve che, te dezanI AvI ApattiothI bhAgye ja koI bace che A dezatrIsa hAtha uMce che tenA para rezamI dhajA che. rathamAM bhaga- nA leke Ane himAlaya tarIke oLakhe che. vAnanI mUrti padharAvavAmAM Ave che ane bAju be bedhisa rahe che badhI mUtio senA cAMdImAMthI banAvelI che. ahIMthI teo paMdara divasa cAlyA pachI eka nadI A rathane nagara tarapha laI javAmAM Ave che. nagaranA daravA- pasAra karI. te nadIne siMdhu tarIke oLakhAve che. jo ke A vAjAthI 2 mITara jeTale dUra ratha Ave che tyAre rAjA potAne siMdhu nadI nahi hoya ema AjanA keTalAka vidvAne mAne che. mugaTa utAre che navAM kapaDAM pahere che ne hAthamAM dhupa ane te udyAnamAM AvyuM. atre aneka saMdhArAme hatA. (A jagyA apa laI ughADe page ratha tarapha jAya che ane rathanI Age- e prAcIna kALamAM aneka saMdhArAme hatA. De strIne te aMgenI vAnI saMbhALe che. tenA rAjasevake tenI banne bAjue hare- vigatonI I. sa. 1898mAM tapAsa karI aneka khaMDere zodhI LamAM goThavAya che. rAjA sASTAMga daMDavata praNAma kare che ane kADhayA che. ) tenA para puSpa caDhAvI 5 dhUpa Ape che. jyAre ratha nagaramAM Ave che tyAre rAjadvAranA daravAjA para rANI ane tenI nagAra janapadamAM phAhiyAne pitAno vaSavAsa vitAvyo.' paricArikAo ratha para phUle varasAve che. jamIna para phUlanA varSAvAsa pUro thayA pachI dakSiNa tarapha AgaLa vadhI suheto DhagalAo thaI jAya che. utsava bahu AnaMdathI ujavAya che. janapadamAM pahoMce. suhAto pradezane purANomAM zivi tarIke dareka saMdhArAmanA judA judA ratha hoya che. dareka ratha mATe oLakhavAmAM AvyA che. A janapadanA viSayamAM teNe eka judA judA divasa rAkhavAmAM Ave che. rathayAtrAnI samApti jAtaka kathAnI mAhitI ApI che. purANomAM zivi rAjAnI pachI mahArAjA ane rANI rAjamahelamAM jatAM rahe che. je kathA maLe che tene te kathA barAbara maLatI Ave che. ahI eka baudhdha stUpa hato jenA para senA ane cAMdInA patarAM - A nAranI pazcime Azare 3 kImITara dUra eka maDhavAmAM ApyAM hatAM ahIMthI te pAMca divasa cAlIne pUrva saMdhArAmAM che ane rAjAnA navA vihAra tarIke oLakhavAmAM dizAmAM AvelA gAMdhAra janapadamAM pahero. Ave che. A vihAra bAMdhatAM 80 varSa lAgyAM hatAM. gAMdhAramAM azokano putra dharmavardhana rAjA hato tyAre ane traNa rAjAoe tenI pAchaLa mahenata uThAvI eka badhitve eka mANasane potAnI AMkha dAnamAM ApI hatI. lagabhaga 250 hAtha te uMco hate. tenA para sarasa hatI. tyAM eka moTo stUpa che ane tene 5. sonA cAMdInA ketarakAma karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. vihArane uparane bhAga patarAM maDhavAmAM AvyAM che ema te jaNAve che. A pradezathI sonA ane cAMdInA patarAthI maDhavAmAM AvyuM hatuM tyAM buddha- pUrva dizAmAM sAta divasa cAlI te takSazilAmAM pahoMcyo. devanuM atyaMta ramaNIya maMdira hatuM. A maMdiranA thAMbhalA, dvAra, kamADa vagere bhAga para sonAnAM patarAM 'jaDelAM hatAM. - takSazilA nAma kevI rIte paDayuM tenI mAhitI A che.3 bhikSuonA raheThANa paNa ati ramaNIya hatAM tenuM pita varNana * A varNana parathI mane lAge che himAlayamAM ThaMDI karI zakatA nathI ema phAhiyAna jaNAve che. RtumAM AvI ja paristhiti sarjAtI hoya che. e samayamAM evI mAnyatA haze ke jherI nAga A badhuM kare che paNa kharekhara cUhe thaI kIcA janapadamAM teo AvyA. A pradeza- kudaratI paristhitine te jamAnAmAM AvI rIte samajavAmAM AvatI nI vigata ApatAM te jaNAve che ke ahi ghauM pAke che, te haze. parvatamALAmAM AveluM che. bhagavAna buddhanI thuMkadAnIjha ane dAMta e baMne atre pUjya padArtha gaNAya che. 1. baudha bhikSuo comAsAnA divasomAM koI eka ThekANe rahe che. tene teone varSAvAsa tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che. kIcAthI AgaLa jatAM suMgaliMga parvatamALA pasAra 2. azokane dhavardhana putra hovAnI vigata bIje kayAMya karI. tenA vize phAhiyAne jaNAvyuM che ke A parvata para maLatI nathI. tenI A mAhitIthI jaNAya che ke e samaye eka jherI nAga che te gusse thaIne jherIvAyu cheADe che, hIma varasA- mAnavI bIja mAnavIne potAnI AMkha ApI tene jete karavAmAM | X A 'kadA 1 5 tharanI hatI. ane eno raMga bhikSA- madadarUpa banate haze. AMkhanuM parivartana karavAnuM te jamAnAnA pAtra je hate. ghaNI vakhata keTalIka jagyAe mahApunI vigho jANutA e vigata prApta thAya che. mahattA ba vavA tenI sAthe joDI devAmAM AvatI hoya che. saM- 3. eka badhisatve eka jamAnAmAM A jagyAe potAnuM bhava che ke A jagyA e rIte ja e.LakhAtI hoya ema mAruM mAthuM kApIne dAnamAM ApyuM hatuM. mAthA vinAnA zarIrane takSamAnavuM che. zirA kahevAmAM Ave che tethI AnuM nAma takSazilA paDayuM. paNa maMdiranA karI zakata paNa paNa sonAnAM te vI paristhiti evI nA Jain Education Intemational

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2pa0 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga-2 ahI moTA moTA be rUpa che. tenA para kiMmatI dhAtuonA nathI. gunegAranI Arthika sthiti pramANe tene arthadaMDa karavAmAM patarAM jaDavAmAM AvyAM che. A bane tRpamAM leke dIvA Ave che. vAraMvAra corI karanArane jamaNA hAtha kApI levAmAM kare che ane puSpa caDhAve che. tyAMnA loke A stUpane catuH Ave che. rAjasevakane pagAra ApavAmAM Ave che. cAMDAla tUpane te dakSiNa dizAmAM cAra divasa cAlI puruSapura jana- sivAya kaI jIva hiMsA karatuM nathI, ke dArU pItuM nathI. padamAM pahoMcyo. lasaNa ane DuMgaLI keI khAtuM nathI. cAMDalA nagara bahAra rahe che. ane nagaramAM pesatAM teo lAkaDAthI avAja karatA A puruSapurane Aje pizAvara tarIke oLakhavAmAM cAle che jethI temane keI aDakI jAya nahi. leke mAMsAhAra Ave che. phAhiyAnane ahIM jANavA maLyuM ke A jagyAe ' mATe pazupakSIo pALatA nathI. pazuone vecavAmAM AvatAM bhagavAna budadhe pitAnA ziSya AnaMda samakSa kaniSka vize nathI. ane bajAramAM dArUnI dUkAne nathI. kharIda vecANa keTalIka bhaviSyavANI bhAkhI hatI je pAchaLathI sAcI paDI keDIono upayoga karavAmAM Ave che mAtra cAMDAle hatI. A jagyAe kaniSka e stupa banAvyo hato ane tene mAchalIo pakaDe che, zikAra kare che ane mAMsa vece che. senA cAMdInA patarAMthI maDha hato. tyAM budhdhadevanuM eka ahIMthI te dakSiNa pUrvamAM saMkAzya nagaramAM gaye. A sthaLe bhikSApAtra hatuM tenI leke pUjA karatA hatA. A bhikSApAtranI tenA sAthIoe pUjA karI ane cI tarapha pAchA javAno bhagavAna buddhanI keTalIka yAdagIrImAM stUpa, vihAra ane staMbha ubhA karavAmAM AvyA hatA teno teNe ullekha karyo che. nizcaya karyo. tethI phaDiyAnane ekale paDI gayo. te ekalA tyAMthI te kAnyakubsa nagaramAM gayo tyAM be saMdhArAma hatA paDI gayo hovA chatAM tene tenI IcchA mujabano nagarathI pAMca kIlomITara dUra gaMgA kinAre bhagavAna budhdha pravAsa cAlu rAkhyo. phAhiyAnanA yAtrA varNanamAMthI e pitAnA ziSyane upadeza Apyo hato. tyAM eka stUpa zikhavA maLe che ke mAnavIe bIjAo upara avalaMbana banAvavAmAM Avyo hato je phAhiyAnanA samayamAM mojUda rAkhyA sivAya potAnI jAte rasAhasa karI aMtima dhyeyanI hato. te tyAMthI pharato pharato zrAvastImAM AvyuM. siddhi meLavavI joI e puruSapurathI pazcime cAlIne te nagAra pradezamAM pahoMcyA.. zrAvastI kezala janapadanuM nagara hatuM. A nagara pra najita rAjAnI rAjadhAnI hatuM. phAhiyAnanA samayamAM te ujajaDa nagara pradezamAM bhagavAna buddhanA kapALanA asthine avazeSa hatuM ke tenI khUba dhAmadhUmathI pUjA karatA hatA. banyuM hatuM tyAM lagabhaga 200 makAno mAnava vastIvALAM hatAM. ahIM tene aneka stUpa ane vihAra jovA maLyA. teNe A pradezamAM eka nAnuM rAjA rAjya karate hete teNe eka jetavana vihAranI mulAkAta lIdhI tyAM tene mAlama paDyuM ke meTo vihAra baMdhAvyo hate. phAhiyAne A pradezamAM eka A vihAranI AsapAsa 98 vihAra hatA. A jetavana vihAra guphAmAM bhagavAna buddhanI chAyA joI. te jaNAve che dUrathI pahelAM sAta mALanI hatI leke ane rAjA A vihAramAM jevAthI temanA sAkSAta darzana thAya che paNa jema jema pAse dhajA, dhUpa, dIpane puSpa caDhAvatAM. eka vakhata eka uMdara jaIe chIe tema tema te svapnavata adazya thaI jAya che. dIvAnI saLagatI vATa kheMcI gayuM tethI temAM Aga lAgI A zuM haze te vize Aje viddhAne tarka kare che. phAhiyA gaI. thoDA divasa pachI lekane A vihAranI caMdana mUti nane tenA AgaLanA pravAsamAM ThaMDIne moTo sAmane kare surakSita maLI tethI teoe AnaMdamAM AvIne tyAM nava vihAra paDe temAM tene aneka muzkelIo paDI hovAnuM te noMdha che - 1. phAhiyAna eka varNanamAM jaNAve che ke bhagavAna buddhanA siMdhu nadI pAra karyA pachI te bhAratIya bhikSuone zarIramAMthI devonI mAphaka suvAsa AvavA lAgI. AvI suvAsa maLyo. bhAratIya bhikSuone e vAta jANavA maLI ke cInathI ATale dUra dharma ane dharmagraMthenI vigato meLavavA te AvyuM che. sAmAnya mAnavIomAM hotI nathI. AvI suvAsane kAraNe emaNe nAna karyuM jyAM emaNe snAna karyuM hatuM te jagyA pAchaLathI A vAta jANI bhAratIya bhikSuoe tenA pratye sahAnubhUti tIrthasthAna banI ane phAhiyAnanA samaya sudhI te tIrtha sthAna batAvI tenI bhAre prazaMsA karI. bhAratIya jane kevA sadubhAvI ane sajajane hatA tenI mAhitI phAhiyAnanI A vigatomAMthI tarIke prakhyAta hatuM. mAnavI jayAre alaukika zakita prApta kare che tyAre tenA zarIramAthI suvAsa Ave che tevuM Aje paNa tapa2vIo ApaNane maLe che. phAhiyAna mathurAthI dakSiNa taraphanA dezane madhyadeza tarIke 2, A upadezamAM bhagavAna budhe emanA ziSyone ema oLakhAve che. A pradezanI prajA zuddha AcaraNavALI ane samajAvyuM hatuM ke A gatamAM sukha duHkha mAnavIne Ave che te dharmaniSTha che tevI vigato teNe ApI che. te jaNAve pANInA parapoTAnI jema ekAeka Ave che ne kSaNikamAM * zi che ke prajA sukhI che rAjAnI jamIna prajA kheDe che ane pAme che, tethI sukhamAM mAM vI ialI khAnadamAM mAva-1 rAjane thoDo bhAga Ape che ke game tyAM jaI zake che ane jarUra nathI ane duHkha mAM e dama nirAza thaI javA 1 - 3 game tyAM rahI zake che. rAjA prANadaMDa ke zArIrika daMDa Apato nathI. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 3 adhAgye. A vihArathI gheADe dUra ' cAra lI.) cakSukaraNI nAme vana che ema te jaNAve che. bhagavAna budhdhe 96 pAMkhaDIe sAthe zAsrA karyAM hato tenI vigato phAhiyAne ApI che. tenA jaNAvyA pramANe 96 pAMkhaDIono madhya pradezamAM pracAra che. badhA lAke paralokamAM mAne che. rAma janapadamAM bhagavAna buddhanA dhAtu upara eka stUpa banAvavAmAM AvyeA hato. A stUpa rAmastUpanA nAmathI jANIto hato. azAka jyAre rAjA thayA tyAre teNe ATha stra pAne toDAvI temAMthI maLelA yuddhanA avazeSo para 84,000 peA banAvavA vicAryuM; paraMtu koI kAraNasara teNe rAmastapane toDayA nahi. sAta stUpAnA avazeSAmAMthI teNe AkhA bhArata varSamAM aneka rUpA banAvaDAvyA. phAhiyAna kazyapamuddha, kakusjada buddha ane kanakamuninA janmasthAnanA darzIna karI kapila vastu nagaramAM AvyA phAhiyAna jaNAve che ke A nagara ujjaDa che. temAM daseka gharamAM mAnava vastI che gheADA zramaNA che. tene judA judA sthaLA batAvavAmAM AvyAM. ane bhikSuee je mAhitI ApI tenI teNe neAMdha ApI che. bhagavAna buddhanuM janmasthaLa te samaya ujjaDa hatuM. tyAM sapheda hAthI ane sihAnAkanI bhaya raheto zuddhodananA rAjamahelamAM kumAra (gautama) ane tenI mAtAnI mUrti banAvelI hatI. bhagavAna buddhanI yAdagIrImAM aneka jagyAe stUpe banAvavAmAM AvyA hatA. tyAMthI phAhiyAna rAma janapadamAM AbyA. rAmastUpanI jagyAe samaya jatAM jaMgala thaI gayuM tyAM koI sApha karanAra ke pANI caDhAvanAra paNa na rahyuM. hAthIenu eka TALu peAtAnI sUMDhamAM pANI bharI jamIna para cAre tarapha uDADI phulA ane suvAsita padArtho utpanna karI niyamita caDhAvatu eka dezano pravAsI A stupanA darzIne gayA. hAthIone joine tene Dara lAgyA. tethI eka jhADa para caDhI te hAthIne jovA lAgyA. hAthIe tyAM pUjA karatA hatA. A joine pravAsIne du:kha thayuM. tene vicAra AvyA ke sa'dhArAma nathI-ke jethI ahI rokAi pUjA ityAdi thaI zake. teNe jAte prayatna karI jagyA sApha karI. tenA upadezathI 3. cakSuka NI vananI jagyAe paDelAM pAMcaso aMdhajane rahevA hatA budhdhanA upadezathI temane daSTi maLI tethI teee pAtAnI lAkaDIe jamInamAM dATI bhagavAnane sASTAMga daMDavata praNAma karyA. A lAkaDIe pAchaLathI ugI nIkaLI tene kApavAnuM kAMie sAhasa na karyu" tethI tyAM vana banyu te anukaraNI vana tarIke oLakhAyuM. 1, A traNeya satAnA janmasthAne stUpe! banAvelA che. mAhitI teNe ApI che, tevI ra. phAhiyAte sapheda hAthInI vAta jaNAvI che paNa AvA hAthIe A pradezamAM jovA maLatA nathI, 251 ahIMnA rAjAe te jagyAe eka maTha badhAjye ane tyAM bhikSue rahevA lAgyA. rAmagrAmathI gheADe dUra (cAra yeAjana) phAhiyAna evI jagyAe pahecyA jyAM siddhArthe kapilavastuthI gRhatyAga karI jatAM peAtAnA gheADAe chekanI mAraphate pAchA mAkalyA hatA. tyAM eka stUpa hato. ahIMthI teNe aMgAra stUpane kazInagara jevAM sthaLe joyA. te vaizAlI janapadamAM paheAMcyA. ahIM tene keTalAka stupeAnI mulAkAta lIdhI. keTalAka stUpA sAthe da MtakathAo joDAyelI hatI. te AgaLa jatAM pATaliputramAM paheoMcyA. pATaliputra puSyapura tarIke jANItu hatu te rAjA aze rAjadhAnI hatI temAM zeAkanA maDaeNla ane sabhAvana te samaye hatu. tenI mAhitI Apa . phAhiyAne noMdhyu' che ke A mahela asurAe paththara cUnAmAMthI banAvyeA che tenI divAle para suMdara kotarakAma ane citrakAma karavAmAM AvyuM che. A samayanA lAke AvuM anAvI zakatA nathI. Aje paNa te evI ja sArI paristhitimAM che. teNe azekanA eka nAnAbhAI jeNe ahhtapada prApta karyuM tenI vigato ApI che. tenA mATe azeAke 30 hAtha lAMkhI 20 hAtha paheALI ane 10 hAtha uMcI guphA paththaramAMthI banAvaDAvI hatI tenI vigato ApI che. azeAkanA stUpanI pAse eka mahAyAnane sudhArAma ane hInayAne vihAra AvaleA hato. temAM 700thI 800 bhikSue rahetA hatA. temanA AcAra vicAra, bhaNavAnI rIta, vAMcavAnI rI| ane yAda rAkhavAnI rIta sarasa jovA jevI che. cAre taraphathI jijJApu zrama ane .dyAIo ahIM Ave che. tyAM manuzrI nAme eka brAhmakumAra AcArya tarIke che. badhA nijhue tene mAna Ape che. madhyadezamAM A nagara moTuM che. moTAbhAganA loko zrImata ane samRdhdhivALA che. tee dhAmika vRttivALA che dara varSe rathayAtrA thAya che. cAra paiDAMnA ratha banAvavAmAM Ave che. ratha 20 hAtha uMcA ane stUpanA AkAtA heAya che. tenA upara sapheda unanuM kapaDuM' lape TavAmAM Ave che tene jAtajAtanA raMgothI raMgavAmAM Ave che. tene che. ane jAtajAtanA raMgothI raMgavAmAM Ave che. temAM senA cAMdI ane paththara bhavya mUrtio mUkavAmAM Ave che. rezamanI dhanna upara ge.DavavAmA Ave che. rathanI vacamAM bhagavAna budhdhanI mUrtti mUkavAmAM Ave chetenI AsapAsa eAdhisatvanI mUA gADavavAmAM Ave che. 20 ratha heAya che. ratha eka ekathI caDIyAtA ne avanavA rgAvALA banAvavAmAM Ave che rathanI sAthe gAvA vagALavALA heAya che. phUlA suvAsita dravyethI pUjA karavAmAM Ave che. pachI brAhmaNAAve che. ane yudhdhadevane nagaramAM padhAravAnuM nimaMtrajhu Ape che dhIme dhIme ratha nagaramAM praveza kare che ema karavAmAM e rAtane! samaya lAge che. AkhI rAta dvIpa saLagatA rAkhavAmAM Ave che. gAvA vagADavAnuM cAle che. pUjA thAya che. dareka janapadamAM Ama

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vAmAM Ave"vA kare chekAranI sahAya 252 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga-2 Ave che. vepArIone uparI nagaramAM sadAvata ane davAkhA- sUpa banAvavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. je phAhiyAnanA samayamAM nAnI vyavasthA kare che. te pradezanA nidhana, apaMga, anAtha, mejUda hato. vidhavA niHsaMtAna bhUlA, laMgaDA ane regIo A jagyAe Ave che. te badhAne badhA prakAranI sahAya karavAmAM Ave che. rAjagRha nagaramAM pahocyA. tyAM buddhadevanA dhAtu para vaidya teonI davA kare che temane anukuLa davA kherAka Apa. eka stUpa hatuM. te suMdara, uMce ane vizALa hato. ahIM vAmAM Ave che ane sArA thaIne pAchA jAya che. biMbisAra rAjAnuM prAcIna nagara hatuM. sAriputra ane mauda lAyana A jagyAe upasenane maLyA hatA. A jagyAe azake nagarathI be kIlomITara jeTale eka stupa banAva ajAtazatru rAjAe madonmata kALA hAthIne budhdhadevane mAravA DAvyo hato. stUpanI sAme bhagavAna buddhanA padacihana hatA. mATe choDa hato. ahI AmrapAlInA bAgamAM banAvela tyAM eka vihAra hato. stUpanI dakSiNe paththarane eka staMbha stupa phAhiyAnanA samayamAM mejUda hate. phAhiyAnanA samayamAM hato jeno gherAvo 14 thI 15 hAtha ane uMcAI 30 hAthathI A nagaramAM mAnava vastI na hatI. vadhAre hatI. tenA para azoke A vAkaya lakhAvyA hatA ke rAjAe jaMbudvIpanI cAre bAjuonA bhisaMghane dAnamAM pUrvadakSiNa tarapha AgaLa cAlIne te gRprakUTa parvata para ApyuM. ane paisA ApI pAchuM laI lIdhuM Ama traNa vakhata pahoMcyA. tyAM bhagavAna buddha dhyAna karavA besatA te jagyA karyuM. stUpanI uttare teNe nele nagara vasAvyuM. temAM 30 jeI je te jagyAe dharmopadeza ApatA te jagyAe maMDapanA hAthathI vadhu uMce paththarano eka staMbha taiyAra karAvyo enA khaMDere teNe joyA. teNe A sthaLe gaMdha, phala ane dIpathI upara siMha che ane staMbha para nagara vasAvavAnuM kAraNa varSa, bhagavAna buddhanI pUjA karI ane sUtrane pATha karyo tithi ane mAsanI vigato ApI che ema phAhiyAna jaNAve che. phAhiyAna tyAMthI pravAsa karato karato gAmamAM AvyuM. pATaliputrathI kAThiyAna ane tAvaciga dakSiNa tarapha nagara ujjaDa paristhitimAM hatuM. ahIM tene bhagavAna buddhagayA. tyAM eka parvata para guphA jeI A guphAmAM devarAja dharmanI sAthe saMkaLAyelA sthaLe je,yAM. bhagavAna budhe A zake bhagavAna buddhane 42 prazno paththara para lITIo karIne sthaLa cha varSa sudhI bhAre tapa karyuM hatuM. tyAM eka jalAzapUchyA hatA. phAhiyAna jaNAve che ke Aje paNa A guphAnA yamAM budha snAna karavA gayA hatA. tapane kAraNe AvelI paththaro para lITIo che. ahIM eka saMdhArAmAM che. tyAMthI azakitane lIdhe teo paDI gayA ane eka vRkSanI DALI pazcima dakSiNa tarapha sAriputranA janmasthAne gayA tyAM eka pakaDIne mahAmuzkelIthI bahAra nIkaLyA. phAhiyAne lakhyuM che pATaliputranA khaMDerona avazeSe paTanA pAsethI maLI AvyA ke ahIM eka gAma pAse eka kanyAe budhadevane khIra khava DAvI hatI. je vRkSanI nIce zilA para besIne bhagavAna budhdha che. mahArAjA azokanA rAjabhavananA keTalAka bhAge maLI AvyA che; A khaMDere jaIne zrI syunara mahAzaya jaNAve che ke aze khIra khAdhI hatI te vRkSa ane zilA tenA samayamAM hatI kanA mahelanI banAvaTa IrAnanA mahelane maLatI Ave che. Ane ema phAhiyAne kheMcyuM che. A zilA laMbAI-pahoLAI 6 AdhAre teo mane irAnI hovAnI paNa kalpanA kare che. hAtha ane uMcAI 2 hAtha hatI. theDe dUra tene eka guphA joI jemAM bhagavAna budhe bedhijJAna mATe vicAryuM hatuM. azoke pitAnA mahela banAvavA mATe dUra dUranA pradezamAMthI kArIgaro bolAvyA hatA. emAM IrAnI kArIgaroe potAnA prade phAhiyAnane ahIM 500 lIlA raMganA pakSIo (pApa) jevA zanI kalA vastuo A mahelamAM dAkhala karI. phAhiyAne azAkano maLyAM teNe tyAM patravRkSa : bedhivRkSa) joyuM. A jagyAe mahela asuroe banAvyo hato tevI vigato A kAraNe ApI che mAre (kAmadeve) badhijJAna prApta karavAmAM gautamabudha Agaema jaNAya che. pATaliputra nagarano ullekha ApaNA purANamAM La vighna ubhuM karyuM hatuM. paNa ma2 hArIne nAzI gayuM ane maLato nathI. mahArAja naMdanA samayamAM magadhanI rAjadhAnI pATa bhagavAna buddhane dhijJAna prApta thayuM hatuM A jagyAoliputra hatI. rAjA caMdragupta pATaliputramAM potAnI rAjadhAnI e stUpe banAvavAmAM AvyA hatA ne temAM mUrtio mUkavAbanAvI hatI, tyArathI pATaliputrano vikAsa thavA lAgyo. azekanA mAM AvI hatI. phAhiyAnanA samayamAM te badhuM hatuM tema te samayamAM A nagaramAM aneka bhavana, mahelo vihAra ane sUpa jaNAve che badhijJAna prApta karavAnI jagyAe traNa saMdhArAme banyA. azokanA nAnA bhAIno ulalekha phAhiyAne karyo che paNa hatA. temAM aneka bhikSuo rahetA hatA. bhagavAna budhanI sAthe saMkaLAyelI aneka jagyAo para sUpa banAvavAmAM te koNa? keTalAka rAjA mahendrane teno bhAI mAne che. azokanA samayanA davAkhAnA ane dharmazALAone phAhiyAna ullekha kare che. AvyA hatA. A davAkhAnA sAmAnya rIte zrImaMtanA dAna para cAlatAM tevI * e saMskRtamAM pIpaLAnA vRkSane " calapatra' tare ke oLakhavAmAM vigato kAThiyAne apI che. Thera Thera rastA eno ullekha phAhiyAna Ave che. saMbhava che ke teNe "calapatra' ne ja patravRkSa tarIke oLakhAvyuM heya.. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti sadarbha graMtha bhikSue mATe phAhiyAna jaNAve che ke bhikSusaMgha bhikSuAne jarUriyAtanI badhI vastuo Ape che. bhikSuone koI jAtanI muzkelIo naDatI nathI. tee AcAra vicAra ane saMghanA niyame marAbara pALe che. chellA eka hajAra varSa thI te cAlI rahyo che tema te jaNAve che. te tyAMthI mahAkazyapa nAmanA rathaLanI mulAkAta le che te lakhe che ke A parvatamAM mahAkazyapa hantu rahe che. te patamAM aMdara pravezyA che A jagyAnI mATI mATe te jaNAve che ke je lokone vAge che ke ghA paDe che tee A jagyAnI mATI tenA para lagADe che tenAthI temanA ghA maTI jAya che ane teo sArA thaI jAya che. A vAta teNe tyAM sAMbhaLI hatI tema noMdhyuM che. te jaNAve che ke rAtrinA samaye a to zraddhALuo pAse Ave che vAtacIta kare che mananI zakAnu samAdhAna kare che ane avazya thaI jAya che. A parvatanI jhADImAM siMha, vAgha ane varU puSkaLa rahetAM hAvAnu te noMdhe che. ahIthI gaMgAne kinAre kinAre pharo pharatA te eka vihAramAM paheoMcyA jyAM bhagavAna buddha rahyA hatA. tenA samayamAM tyAM zramaNA rahetA hatA. te tyAMthI kAzI nagaramAM gayA. te noMdhe che ke kAzI nagarathI pazcima uttara thoDe dUra RSipatana mRgadAva vihAra che. tyAM buddha rahetA hatA. mRga hamezAM AzramanI pAse vasatAM hatAM. jyAre bhagavAna buddhane bodhijJAna prApta vAnu thayu tyAre devatAe AkAzamAM gAna karavA lAgyA. 'zudhdhAdananA kumAra pravajyA laI mArgAnusArI thayA, aThavADIA pachI buddha thaze.' A sAMbhaLIne tyAM rahetA mrudhdhA parinirvANa pAmyA. ene kAraNe e sthaLa RSipatana mRgadAvanA nAmathI eLakhAyuM. bhagavAna yudhdhane bAdhijJAna prApta thayA pachI lokoe e jagyAe eka vihAra badhAjyeA. buddhadeve vicAra karyAM ke kauDinya Adi paMcavagI ne upadeza ApuM. paMcavagI para Ara kahevA lAgyA ke A gauttama zramaNe cha varSa sudhI bhAre tapa karyuM che. eka dALa ane eka ceAkhA khAdhA paNa tene kai mArga maLyA nahi. have te mAnavIe vacce vase che. tenuM zarIra vANI ane mana dRSTa (jADAM) thayAM che. tethI mAga sAthe tene nisbata nathI. te AvI rahyo che. sAdhAna rahe, belA nahi. jayAre buddhadeva tyAM paheAMcyA tyAre pa'cavagI ubhA thayA ane abhivAdana karyuM. bhagavAna buddhe jyAM upadeza Ape jyAM, bhaviSyavANI uccArI vagere jagyAe stUpA anAvavAmAM AvyA ane te phAhiyAnanA samaya sudhI hayAta hatA tyAM e saMdhArAmA paNa banAvavAmAM AvyA emAM kriyAnanA samayamAM zrIMNA rahetA hatA. pattana gaDhAva vihArI pazcima uttara cAlIne te kauzAMbI ja,padamAM pahAcyAM. tyA gAkSIra vana nAme vidvAra 253 hatA. hInayAnamAM mAnavAvALA bauddha bhikSue emAM te samaye vasatA hatA. phAhiyAne AsapAsanA vistArAmAM aneka stUpa banAvelA joyA jemAM bhagavAna budhdhe dasyu yakSane upadeza ApcA te jagyAe, temaNe jyAM pravAsa karyAM, jyAM beThA te jagyAe rUpe ane sadhArAme banAvavAmAM AvyA hatAM. phAhiyAne dakSiNa janapadanI vigata ApI che. A phAhiyAnane dakSiNa bhArataneA pravAsa karI Avela kAI yAtrI vigato vAMcIne keTalAka bhAratIya niSNAto ema mAne che maLyA haze enI vAto sAMbhaLIne teNe e vigato ApI che. je pravAsIe dakSiNa bhAratanI vigato tene ApI haze teNe atizayakatI karIne A paradezIte mAhitI ApI hovAnu jaNAya che. auddhadhanA graMthenA saMgraha karI, tene peAtAnA dezamAM lai javAnI IcchAthI ja phADiyAne bhAratavarSanA ati vikaTa pravAsa karyo hato. te ii sAthe bhArata AvavA nIkaLelA tenA pAMca sAthIomAMthI e madhyadeza sudhI AvI zakayA hatA teTale A pravAsa vikaTa hato. pATaliputramAM AvIne phAhiyAne bauddhadharmanA graMtho ekatrIta karavA prayatna zarU karyAM. ahIM tene barAbara khyAla AvI gayA ke AcAryAM gurupara'parAnI mAka mekhika zikSaNa Ape che. vidyArthIe gurunI sAnidhyamAM besIne jJAna meLavatA. A joine phAhiyAnane bhAre OM thyuM, (1) Asadhika nikAya : A nikAyamAM sAta avatAra bheda paDI gayA hatA. ane dareka mATe judA judA nikAya taiyAra thayA hato. (2) A sthavira nikAya : temAM traNa avatAra nikAya taiyAra thayA hatA. 0:0 (3) A saMmati nikAya : enA cAra avatAra nikAya taiyAra karavAmAM AvyA hatA. (4) Aya. sarvAstivAda nikAya : enA paNa cAra avatAra nikAya taiyAra karavAmAM AvyA hatA. A cAreya nikAcenA kAkAnA saMkhyA vize nIce pramANe mAhitI maLe che. 1. A saMdhika nikAya : 100000 zlo 2. A thavira nikAya : 100000 saMmati nikAya : 3. A 4. A 200000 sarvAstivAda nikAya : jANavA maLatA nathI * hiyAta vArANasInI dakSiNathI pATaliputramAM AvyA hatA te batAve che ke te kAMzAstrI paNa gayA na hatA. teNe nIjA pAsethI je mAhitI haze te teNe ApI vAnI saMbhAvanA che.

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254 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitAbhAga-2 phAhiyAna hastalikhita graMtha prApta karavA Avyo hato mAluma paDayuM ke bhAratathI (tamaluka)thI 700 ejana lagabhaga eTale teNe graMthe meLavavA bhAre prayatna karyA ane nIcenA 1000 kIlomITara dUra AveluM che. graMthanI hastaprato meLavI. siMhaladeza vize phAhiyAne aneka nAnI nAnI vigato 1. "mahAsaMdhika nikAyanuM vinaya piTaka. ApI che. temAMnI ghaNI vigato mahAvaMzamAM maLe che. siMhala2. eka ajJAta nikAyanuM vinaya (nikAyanuM nAma dezanA kinArA pAse aneka TApuo hatA. aneka jagyAethI ApyuM nathI.) metI maLatA hatA. sAgaramAMthI je matIo kADhavAmAM Ava3. "sarvAstivAda nikAya' tuM vinayapiTaka tA tene 3/10 bhAga rAjAne Apavo paDato rAja brahmaNa dharma pALato ane prajAjane dharmamAM khUbaja vizvAsa rAkhatA. 4. saMyukata dharma hadaya. 5. eka ajJAta nikAyanuM sUtrapiTaka phAhiyAne keTalAka bauddhadharmanA pustake ekaThA karyA 6. parinirvANu vaipulya sUtra. ane AgaLa javA nikaLe te je vahANumAM beTho hato tene AgaLa jatAM kANuM paDayuM ane sAgaranuM pANI aMdara Ava7. mahAsaMdhika nikAyanuM abhidhamapiTaka vA lAgyuM. vahANanA mANasane phAhiyAna kharAba nasIbane phAhiyAne bhAratamAM AvIne mAtra dharmathe bhegA ryA hovAnI zaMkA jAgI tene sAgaramAM pheMkI devAnuM ke vaDANana hatA paNa teNe traNa varSa sudhI saMskRta graMthane abhyAsa mAMthI utArI mukavAno nizcaya karyo. eka vayovRddhanI madadathI karyo ane vinayapiTaka pharI lakhyuM. saMskRtane abhyAsa karyA te bacI gaye. 13 divasanA bhayaMkaratA bhegavyA pachI teo pachI phAhiyAnane lAgyuM ke "tAvaciMga' (tene eka sAthIdAra) badhA eka TApune kinAre pahoMcyA. A TApu upara vahANane cIna pAchA javAne nathI tethI teNe gaMgAne kinAre kinAre pharI sArU banAvavAmAM AvyuM ane phAhiyAre tene pravAsa pUrva tarapha javA prayANa zarU karyuM. samudra mAge pitAnA zarU karyo. te javA dvipa para pahoMcyA. tyAMthI AgaLa jatAM vatanamAM javAnI tenI IcchA hatI. siMgAvanA samrATa sAthe tenI mulAkAta thaI tene khUba mAna te caMpAdezamAM gaye. ahi tene vihAra ane sUpa ApavAmAM AvyuM. sAgaranA pravAsa daramyAna keTalAya divase jovA maLyA. keTalAka bauddhabhikSuone tene bheTo thayo. A sudhI phAhiyAnane sAgaranA tephAne ane muzkelIone sAmapradeza bhAgalapuramAM hato. tyAM caMpAnagara nAme eka sthaLa ne karavuM paDe. siMgAvathI te nAnakiMga gayo ane tyAM paNa che. A jagyAe jUnA khaMDe enA avaze paNa atyAra keTalAka bauddhagraMthono anuvAda karyo. sudhI hatA. ahIMthI te tAmraliptImAM pahoMce te baMdara hatuM, A janapadamAM 24 saMdhArAma ane aneka bodha phAhiyAnanI AkhI yAtrAmAM kula paMdara varSa lAgyAM. bhikSuo rahetA hatA tema phAhiyAna jaNAve che. phAhiyAna A hatAM. 6 varSanA pravAsane mata na maLyuM kadI sudhI AvyA. janapadamAM be varSa rekA teNe ahIM budhdha sUtrono anuvAda A badhA pradezomAM te cha varSa pharyo ane pAchA pharatAM pravAsamAM karyo ane keTalIya mUrtionA citro taiyAra karyA. tenA traNa varSa gayA. A pravAsInI keTalI lAMbI yAtrA. caMdratAmraliptimAM be varSa rekAIne phAhiyAna eka vepA pravAsI ! yAtrAe gayele mAnavI kaTalI jhaDapathI pAchA phare che ane A rInI hoDImAM AgaLa javA nikaLI paDo 14 divasanA pravAsa pachI te siMhaladezamAM paheryo. tyAM gayA pachI tene tenA ajJAta mitranA lakhANathI ema jANavA maLe che. ja mana pura ji9lA mAM baMgALanA ) tamaluka tarIke ke phAhiyAna namra svabhAvane saMskArI hate. bodhadhadharma pratyenA oLakhAtu sthaLa tAmralipti hevAnuM anumAna karavAmAM Ave che. premane kAraNe teNe bhAratanI vikaTa ane bhavya yAtrA karI. tenI Aje A jagyAethI sAgara lagabhaga 80 kilomITara dUra jato saMkalpa zakita zreSTha hatI. karelA nirNayane te game ... rahyo che. pahelAM A jagyAethI judA judA pradeza sAthe vepAra pAra pADate. dhanya che A mahAna yAtrA vIrane ke jeNe tenA cAlate. yAtrA-vivaraNathI bhAratanI ghaNI vigate ApaNane ApI che. Jain Education Intemational

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saMskRti tulanA [ bhAratIya ane pAzcAtya saMskRtionA tulanAtmaka abhyAsa para uDato dRSTipAta ]. zrI mULazaMkara prA. bhaTTa kalakala nidAnathI vahetuM sphaTika svaccha nadIjala, lAne bhAratavAsI yu saMskRta hato nAgarikadharma vize sajAga zasyazyAmalAM bhUmi, anaMta zakitanA pratIka zamuM nIla gagana hato. ane samAjanA dareka varganI jarUriyAta paSAya te jAA sarvathI viMTaLAyela eka Azrama haze. brahmacaryanA teje tanI samAja racanA sthApI saune sukhI jIvana jIvavAnI suopatA brahmabaLe prabhAte madhyAhane ane zAyaMkALe vedadheSathI vidhA racI Apato hato. Azramane khUNe khUNe gajAvI rahyA haze. yajJakuMDane agni zubhra dhumraserathI avakAzamAM avAca lipi Alekhate haze. pASANa yuga ane dhAtuyugamAMthI vividha saMskAra jhIla tI Arya prajA jayAre bhAratamAM vasavATa karavA AvI tyAre kaMI hajAro varSa pa lAMnuM A dazya ApaNI kalpanAne bhAratanI AdIvAsI prajA sAme tene mukAbale karavo paDe. AMdalita kare che. A saMgharSamAM vijayI banI A AryAvartamAM sthira thayA tyAre paradezIonA humalAthI saMtrasta banavA lAgyA. paraMtu prakRtinAM AvAM tatvothI viMTaLAyela evA eka AzramamAM AkramaNakhoronuM vaimanasya ane vaiSamya gALavA mATe A traSi viAvA mitra brahmadhyAnamAM lIna haze, ega sAdhanAnI pAse eka divya rasAyaNuM hatuM. A rasAyaNuM hatuM samanvaya uccattama paripATIe manane sthira karI AtmA-paratmA vaccenuM sAdhavAnI AvaData. samanvaya sAdhavAnI A AvaDate zaka, dvaita ni:zeSa karI nAkhatA haze evI koI zubha paLoe temane haNanA dhADAMone bhAratanA vatanI banAvI lIdhAM. gAyatrImaMtranuM darzana thayuM haze. Do. suniItikumAra ceTarajInA abhiprAya mujaba bhArata sahastrakrimathI ye ojasvI lAgatI keI divya ane virATakAya mUrti vizvAmitranA aMtaH azru samakSa upasthita para prathamaNu AkramaNa AphrikAnA habasIonuM thayuM. tenI pAchaLa pazcimamAthI AvyA meTAmAthAvALA kRSNavarNa proTothaI haze ane temanA mukhamAMthI divya gAyatrI maMtra sarI paDyuM : eskeleIjha ane pachI AvyA tibeTanI dizAmAMthI meMge liyana. bhUlakanI bhUmikAthI zaru karI cheka svakanI bhUmikA AryonA samanvaya rasAyaNe A sarva jAtionuM saMmisudhI pahoMcavA ughukta thayeluM mana prAthe che "dhIra : 5: : zraNa karI nAMkhyuM. vartamAna yugamAM vizvamAM zuddha raktavALI ghoraNAta" te ( vireNya bhagavAna sUrya ) amArI buddhine kaI jAti nahi maLe te ja rIte bhAratamAM paNa Aryo ane pre NA Ape ahIM lakSamAM levA jevo zabda che"" na?" paradezIo paraspara eTalI hade maLI gayA ke AkramaNakhora, mahaSi vizvAmitra" mArI " buddhine preraNA Ape evI sI AryonA eka bhAga tarIke ja dezamAM jIvana gALatA thaI gayA. ke, prArthanA nathI karatA. temaNe te" amArI buddhine preraNA ApavAnI vAta karI che. | siMdhu saMskRti ane harappA saMskRti e bhavya bhUta kALanuM achuM darzana abhyAsIne karAve che. e saMskRtione bhAratIya saMskRtinuM A eka ja tatva vizvanI aneka pitAnI lipi hatI. vyavasthita nagara-racanA hatI. khetI, saMskatiomAM bhAratane Toca para besADe che. vedanI cAcAe vastrakaLA, hathiyAra, samAja vyavasthA vagere aneka kSetre A kadI vyakitane vicAra nathI karyo. veda sAhityamAM kadI alapa- A kALanI prajA siddhi meLavI cUkI hatI evAM spaSTa pramANe mati jovA maLI nathI, vedamaMtramAM kadI kSudra kapanA najare ApaNI pAse mejUda che. paDI nathI. bhAratIya saMskRti "samaSTi'ne ja vicAra kare che, vizALatAne ja poSe che ane saduzvazIrSa, sahastrabAhu vedapu ekatAnA rasAyaNe saMgaThita banela Aryoe tyArabAda ruSanI kalpanA kare che. veda, upaniSada, vedAMta dvArA hindudharmanuM sAcuM darzana karAvyuM. jJAnavRddha trASimaharSioe aMtarikSamAM vyApta paramezvaranI AjathI pAMceka hajAra varSa pahelAMnA manAtA siMdhu vANane jANe ke kaMTha Apyo. te sau sava vyApaka brahmanA mAdhyama nadInI khINanA ave che bhAratamAM maLI Avela lethala vage- banyAM ane sanAtana veda-dharmanA siddhAMta mArgadarzana mATe deta purAvo paSTa nirdeza kare che ke hajAro varSa pahe, nAdabrahma rUpe prAdurbhUta thayA. thanI para samAjanA nagara Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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256 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 aneka pAzcAtya vidvAnoe kabUlyuM che ke AdhyAtmika manAya che. jJAnanuM pAraNuM bhAratamAM ja khulyuM hatuM. bhautikavAdathI trAselI pazcimanI prajAne bhUtakALamAM ane Aje paNa mAnasika sAMtvana tyAra pachI prasiddha thayela be mahAkAvyomAM hindanuM nItimaya jIvana spaSTapaNe pratibiMbita thayeluM che. e mahAprApta thatuM hoya te te vedapraNita divya jJAnathI ja che. kAvyo te rAmAyaNa ane mahAbhArata. bhAratanA prathama gavarnara atharvavedanI eka prArthanAmAM kahevAyuM che ke " vividha janarala cakravatI rAjagopAlAcArI be kahyuM hatuM ke "jyAM sudhI belIo vALI ane vividhadhamI prajAne poSaNa ApatI mAtA bhAratanI prajA rAmAyaNa mahAbhAratanuM vAcana-manana kare che. pRthvI sahastra svarUpe kAmaghena jema saune samadhi Ape tyAM sudhI bhAratIya saMskRti salAmata che." aneka vidvAnonA A prArthanAnI viviAva bhAvanA chaka karI de che" One world mata mujaba rAmAyaNayuga jANe ke vedayugane vizeSAMka ja che. nI AkAza kusumavata kalpanAmAM rAcatA vizvane vasudhA putra niSkAraNa hi sAnA tyAga, Arya-anAyanuM subhaga milana, yuvarAma no saMdeza te bhArate hajAro varSo pahelAM ApI lekazAhI rAjya vyavasthA, eka patnItva tathA susaMskRta samAja rAkhe che. vyavasthA vagere aneka prasaMge bhAratIya jIvana darzananA prati nidhi samAM rAmAyaNamAM varNavAyA che. vedakALanA mukhya traNa kALaH-maMtrakALa, brAhmaNakALa ane upaniSada kALa maMtrakALamAM sUrya upAsanA agrasthAne hatI. mahAbhArata viSe te kahevAyuM ja che ke "je mahA brAhmaNukALa yajJakALa tarIke oLakhAte jyAre upaniSadakALa bhAratamAM nathI te bIje kayAMya nathI." mahAbhAratamAM keTaluM jJAnayuga tarIke prasiddha thayo che. UMDANu che te A TUMkA vidhAnathI daSTigocara thaze. ratnakarNikA jevAM sthaLe verAyelAM sabadha vacano ApaNI saMskRtine sarveda prAcInatama veda che. yajurveda mAM prakRti ane amUlya vArase che. kUTa nIti prabodhatAM thaDA vAka joie. mAyA vize taka zudha spaSTI karaNa jovA maLe che. sAmavedanA "kRpaNane dAna ApIne vaza kare. beImAna tathA kRtaghna moTA bhAganA zloke jakanA glaeNka nuM punarracAraNuM che jyAre mANasane satyathI vaza kare. krodhI mANasane namratAthI vaza atharva vedamAM prArthanA kuTanIti ane artha kAratha kendra sthAne kara tathA duSTa mANasane sajajanatAthI vaza kare." rahelAM che. bhAratanI saMskRti araNyanI zAMtimAM uddabhavI , prakR- karmabaMdhana mokSa ane varNAzrama vyavasthA bhAratIya saMskRtine khoLe pUrNa pada-prApti mATe tathA satyanI khoja mATe tinA pAyArUpa che A dRSTA RSioe naitika bhUmikAne tapasyA AcaravAmAM AvI che. bRhadAraNyaka upaniSadanA traNa vikAsa sAdhavA vividha Adarzo rajU karyA hatA aneka vidha da-dama, dAna ane dayA eTale ramata (saMyama rAkho sata' prArthanA maMtranI racanA karI satI. aA mAM sara jamaza, ( dAna Ape che ane sAvaja ( dayA rAkhe) e vacano bhAra tamA tira nA grAma makRtaM jamA e cA tIya saMskRtinuM viziSTa svarUpa chatuM kare che. vipUlamAnavatAnA prasAra mATe anubhavajanita parAvANI nA manu jevA RtikAra bhAratamAM thaI gayA, brAhmaNonA (sTAMta rUpa che. dharmo sthApavA mATe racAyelI "manusmRti" pAchaLathI te - vedakALamAM strI purUSa samAna hakaka bhagavata, vidhavA- sarva samAja mATe baMdhanakartA bane che, jANe ke samasta vizva vivAha pracalita hatA, khagoLa vidyA, vikAsa pAmI hatI. samakSa prathama samAjataMtra rajU thAya che. mAnava jIvananA soLa rogInI asarakAraka sAravAra Ayurveda anusAra saphaLatA pUrvaka saMskAra varNAzrama dharma, rAjadharma, nItizAstra, AcAra saMhitA thatI hatI vagere aneka viSayo para vizada AjJA manusmRtimAM jovA maLe che. | vedavANIthI manuSya sarvakALamAM preraNA meLavI che. Izvara tarapha daDha bhakti rAkhavAthI dharma, anAsaktiyega ane niSkAma "Ancient History of India.lt 2043 21. bhAvanAnuM rasasya mAnavI prApta karI zake che. somayA julue kahyuM che ke--" bhAratIya nareza videzagamana upaniSada kALamAM RSionuM ciMtana vadhu gahana banyuM karatA ane videzI rAjya para zAsana karatA." temaNe vadhumAM kahyuM che ke "eziyA, yuropa, AphrikA, amerikA ane osTreche. A kALamAM mAnava jIvana ane AtmA para UMDuM mana : thayuM. " AtmA eja brahma che" nuM mahA vAkaya ApaNane ja hatA.' liyAnA keTalAka pradezamAM vasAhata zarU karanAra bhAratavAsIo upaniSadakALamAM prApta thayuM. 108 jeTalAM upaniSadomAM Iza kena, kaTha, prazna, muMDaka, mAMDukya, taitarIya, atareya, chAMdogya, Theory of Hind ' nA lekhaka karnala bajerasTa bRhadAraNyaka ane vetAzvatara prAcIna ane pramANabhUta jAranAe kahyuM che ke "ayavate ja pazcimane IthepiyA, Jain Education Intenational

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smRti sadabha graMtha misara ane phri naziyAne, siyAma ane, cIna ane japAnane; laMkA ane sumAtrAne; IrAna ane khAlDIyAne tathA grIsa ane rAmane saMskRti ApI che." samagra agni eziyAmAM bhAratIya saMskRtinA bhUtakAlIna pracAra spaSTapaNe jovA maLe che. brahmadeza, kampyuja (mera ka'oDiyA) InDoneziyA, malaya, siyAma, jAvA, ali, vagere aneka sthaLe bhAratIya saMskRtinA mizraNanuM chatuM. achatu spaSTa darzIna vidhavidha rUpe thAya che. india in greece" nA lekhaka pIkoka spaSTapaNe mAne che ke bhAratanI saMskRti cheka ITalI, grIsa ane peru sudhI vistarI che. celtic Druids" nA lekhaka gAphe higInsa to hinduone briTanamAM vasatA batAve che. Hindu Superiority nA lekhaka zrI harabilAsa sAraDA mAne che ke I. sa. pUrve 2900mAM bhAratanA kSatriyA cInamAM jaI vasyA hatA. bhAratavAsIe saskRtinA vAhaka banI vizvamAM cAtarapha pharI vaLyA hatA. samanvayanA dibya rasAyaNane upayegakarI teo jyAM gayA tyAM ekarasa banI rahyA. peAtAnuM alaga a.statva Taka.vava.nI koziSa emaNe kayAMya karI niha. pariNA me saMskRtinA pAyAnA siddhAMto je te pradezanI saMskRti sAthe eTalA to maLI gayA ke temanuM svatva anya saskRtimaya banI gayuM. 4,000 varSoMnI bhAratane vArasAmAM maLela sarvocya prajJA prema ane tyAganA divya saMdeza vizvabharamAM sthApita karI bhAratavAsIee sateASa mAnyA. petAne ala ga cAka sthApI prajAmAM dumeLa sAdhavAnI hade tee gayA naDuiM. bhAratIya saMskRtinI vizALa ahI ja dekhAi ve che. A vizvanI prAcIna saskRti vize huve ceDI vicAraNA karIe. A prAcIna saMskRtie bAbatamAM ItihAsavidyA vacce maukayana heAvA chatAM nIce pramANe 21 saskRtie prAgyugamAM hatI eTaluM ceAkkasapaNe kahI zakAya. 1 Aya 2 mIsarA 3 irAnI 4 cInI 5 mAhe -jo-DAreAnI 6 esiriyana 7 ebIlA niyana 8 sumeriyana 9 hiTAITa 10 fini ziyana 11 Aphrikana 12 harappana 13 hemerika 14 pazcima yuropIya 15 khIjhana TAIna 16 mInAana 17 raziyana 18 enDIana 21 mAyA A sa`skRti enA sarjanamAM neDika, AlpAIna, bhUmadhya, bhAratIya, malaya, pILI ane rAtI prajAnA phALAne mahatvanuM sthAna apAya che. Do. TAyanakhInA mata pramANe upayukata 21 saskRtiemAMthI Aje nIce lakhelI kevaLa 7 saMskRte e eka yA bIjA svarUpe jIvIta rahevA pAmI che (1) pAzcAtya saskRti (2) eDiAkasa kizcayana saMskRti (3) rUsI saMskRtika (4) islAmI saMskRti (5) bhAratIya saMskRti (6) cInI sa MskRti (7) jApAnI saMskRti 19 mekisakana 20 yukeTeka 257 saMskRti eTale mAnasika ane naitika pUrNatA. mAnava saMskRtinA utkanuM hArda" saskRti samajAve che. koIpaNa deza saMskRti dvArA thaI zake che. spenzaranA mata mujaba jyAre nI kAvya sthApatya zilpa citra, saMgIta Adi kalAnuM darzana sRSTi apakava ane apUrNa hAya che tyAre koI eka mA AtmA jAge che ane saMskRtinuM sarjana kare che. pAzcAtya vidvAne saMskRti mATe cAra RtukALa ka2e che. pratyeka saMskRtine vasaMta grISma, zizira ane zarada Rtu ese che. vasaMtamAM te mAre che, grISmamAM navapallavIta thAya che, ziziramAM pallavatA adRzya thAya che ane zaradamAM te mRtaH prAya bane che. (1) mAyA saMskRti (2) mekisakana saMskRti (3) esTeka sa`skRti (4) enDIana saMskRti bhAratIya saMskRti I. sa. pUrve 1300- 1200nA saikAmAM vasatakALamAM hatI 1000- 800nA e saukAmAM grImakALamAM hatI. I. sa. pUrve 800-500 daramyAna zizira anubhavatI bhAratIya saMskRtimAM eTa Ave che. ane bauddha jaina dharmInA atirekane pariNAme i. sa. pUrve 264 228mAM jANe ke e saMskRti nisteja banI gaI lAge che. amerikAnI saMskRtie nIce pramANe gaNavAmAM Ave che.

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258 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga-2 mAyA saMskRti prAcInatama mAnavAmAM Ave che. IsA I.sa. 1530 mAM A saMskRtine lepa tha. masIhanA janma pUrva seMkaDe varSa pahelAM thaI gayelA leke A saMskRti kALa daramyAna paramAtmAnuM pUjana karatA. A kALanI prajA saundarya priya, vyavasthA zekhIne tathA saMskArI yuropanI mukhya saMskRtio nIce pramANe che. hatI. mahAlanA khaMDera rUpe Aje A saMskRtinA avazeSa najare paDe che. A saMskRtinAM utaratAM pANI I. sa. 180thI 1 mineana saMskRti 630nA samaya gALAmAM thayAM. 2 grIka saMskRti eka evI joradAra mAnyatA che. ke mekisakonI dharatI 3 pAzcAtya saMskRti. para prathama vasavATa hindu prajAe ja karyo. sAhasika vRttithI prerAI hinduo sAgara pravAsa kheDatA. tophAnamAM sapaDAela - bhumadhya samudramAM Avela krITa TApunA rAjA mine sanA nAma parathI A saMskRti mineana nAme oLakhAya che. I. eka vahANa I. sa. pUrve AThamI sadImAM amerikAne kAMThe AvI caDheluM manAya che. tyAra pachI eka yA bIjA svarUpe mekisakana sa. pUrve 2,000mAM A saMskRti heThaLa prajA suvikasita be saMskRtine udbhava thayo. A saMskRti heThaLa pAMgaratI prajA nI hatI. ane ArAmabharyuM jIvana gALatI hatI. mine ane khetI karatI, parNakuTI bAMdhatI, nRtya saMgIta tarapha abhirUci ane misaranI saMskRti lagabhaga samakAlIna hatI. AthI mirAkhatI ane dhanusya-bANa, bhAlAM vagere hathiyArone upayoga sara saMskRtinI asara mineana saMskRti para thaelI che. karatI. Arya saMskRtinA traNa Adideva brahmA, viSNu, mahezanI pratizIla A saMskRtine vinAza i. sa. pUrve 1500nI jema ja mekisakana saMskRtimAM paNa sarjaka deva TejhakeTalIkA, lagabhagamAM javALAmukhI parvate phATavAne kAraNe thayo. rakSaka deva dalAleka ane pralayaMkArI deva idgalIpasTala hatA. grIsa e yupIana saMskRtinuM janmasthAna che. grIse IsudhamI spenIza AkramaNakAre A saMskRtI nA nAza mATe duniyAne zuM ApyuM. tene aMdAja kADhavo kadAca azakaya kAraNarUpa banyA. che. A saMskRtinI caDatI paDatIne itihAsa pUrA pAMcase varSane paNa nathI. I. sa. pUve nI cethI pAMcamI sadIo e purANakathA anusAra janamejaya rAjA agnithI pitAne kAyadAo AvanAra rAjAo ( TAyarsa)no kALa hatuM. jyAre vadha karaze e bhayathI vAsukI Astika RSi pAse gaye. I. sa. pUrve 146 sudhImAM to grIsa dharAzAyI banI. romana RSinI samajAvaTa saphaLa thaI. vAsukI ugarI gaye. banI zake sAmAmrAjyane eka bhAga banI jAya che. ke e Atika RSinuM saMsmaraNa esTeka saMskRtinA nAmAbhidhAnamAM sacavAI rahyuM hoya. paraMtu A TUMkA gALAmAM A saMskRtinuM vizvane thaeluM pradAna adbhuta che. Adi philasupha pAmI naDIjha ane samagra yurepa khaMDa jyAre jaMgalI avasthAmAM hatA tyAre epeDa kalIjha eTamika siddhAMtonA pitA DemekiTasa. auSaesTeka leke pAkAM makAne bAMdhI jANutA ane khetI karatA dhIonA kahevAtA pitA hipAkiDjha, Adi kavi ane epikane hatA. A leka sadAcArI ane zAMti priya hatA. vAsta janmadAtA hIjhIaDa ane aMdha hemara prathama naTa cempisa vivAmAM A prajA ati pravINa hatI. tattvajJAnanAM mAMdhAtAo sekeTIsa ane erisToTala, vyAyA tAo enTiphona, AIsekeTasa ane DemesthinIsa, zilpI ejhi parvatanI kaMdarAo mAMthI sarjAyelI enDiyana phIDIesa bhUmitizAstrI yukiliDa ane gaNitajJa pAyathegorAsa saMskRti dakSiNa amerikAnAM perunI AsapAsa phUlI phAlI. Ama A yAdI ghaNI ja lAMbI thavA jAya che. A kALanA moTA bhAganA loko mukhyatve khetIno dhaMdhe karatA A saMskRti heThaLanI prajAnAM adUbhuta buddhi baLanu ane " InkA" nAme oLakhAtA. InkA rAjAe pitAne A yAdI parathI saheje darzana thAya che. leka rAjyanAM prathama sUryaputra tarIke oLakhAvatA ane sUryapUjaka hatA. vicAre yuropane grIse ApyA. bhAratamAM kaniSkanA darabArI vidarAja carake bhAratIya videza mATe lakhelA niyamo ane hipaA prajA nItivAna, sadAcArI ane udyamI hatI. purUSa keTIjha zapatha vacce AkarSaka sAmya che. sAcA arthamAM dhAtunA temaja strInI lagna mATenI. vayamaryAdA bAMdhavAmAM AvI hatI. sikkA elekjhAnDaranA AkramaNa bAda bhAratamAM thaelA grIkenAM pAMca varSanI umare pahoMcelAM saMtAnonI tamAma sAra saMbhALa mAma sAra saMbhALa Agamana bAda ja bhAratamAM jovA maLe che. rAjya taraphathI levAmAM AvatI hatI. lepejha nAmane lekhaka peranA ane hindu stAnanA saMgIta vacce ghaNuM sAmya jae che. zatake sudhI " pazcima' zabdane paryAya grIka rahyo Jain Education Intenational

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mRti saMdarbhagraMthe 59 . have homaranI IliyaDa ane devakathAo mayane ApaNuM sAdhavA mAnavIe potapotAnI rIte prayatna karyA che. ema rAmAyaNa-mahAbhAratanI jAne nAM ghaNA -jaNAya karatAM saMskRti-saMskRti vacce, prajA-prajA vacce saMgharSa sajo Ave che. karNa je ajakasa ane bhIma jevA harakayulIjha ane che. pariNAme vartamAna kALamAM jovAmAM AvatA matamatAMtare - eDisIasa homaranA pAnAomAM pArAela paDyA che. mAnavabaMdhuo vaccenI khAI meTI ja karatAM rahyAM che. grIka prajA sauMdarya ane vIratvanI pU karI hatI. A | vedadharma ane jarathuSTra dharmanA sarjanamAM agratama saMskRtine pUrva ane pazcimanI seturUpa mAnavAmAM Ave che. bhAga bhAga bhajavanAra, bauddha ane jainadharmanuM astitva zakya banAvartamAna yuganI kahI zakAya tevI pAzcAtya saMskRtInA vanAra Aryadharma vizvabharamAM viziSTa sthAna dharAve che. vizvanI maMDANu khristI dharmanA prasAra sAthe thayAM isunI soLamI keAI saMskRtie veda jevA samRddha sAhityanA sarjanathI sattaramI sadImAM pAzcAtya saMskRti ezvapUrNa hatI aDhAramI zarUAta karI nathI. mAnavapremI Arya saMskRti jIvamAtrane dayA sadImAM buddhivAdanuM sAmarthya jAmatuM dekhAya che. pariNAme ane premabhAvanAthI nihALe che. lakSamInuM agatya svIkAratI dhamanI pakaDa DhIlI thAya che audyogika yugane AraMbha thAya chatAM lakSmIne ja jIvananuM kendra banAvatI nathI. aneka devenI che. A yuge mAtra yuropamAM ja nahI. paNa AsapAsanAM pUjAne bodha ApatI hovA chatAM anya dharmo pratye asahiSNu pADozI dezamAM dUragAmI pariNAme sajya banI nathI. AjanAM viSe prApta karelI bhautika siddhino ghaNo A sarva parathI evuM phalita karavAne hetu nathI ke - yaza pAzcAtya vi kAne ane pAzcAtya saMskRtane phALe jAya bhAratIya satra bhAratIya saMskRti sarvazreSTha hatI ane sarva zreSTha raheze. bhArate viddhAne e pAzcAtya saMskRtinA traNa caraNe gaNAvyA che paNa aneka caDatI paDatI joI che. dharmane nAme rAjyane nAme (1) aMdhakAra yuga (2) madhyakAlIna yuga ane (3) ke prajAne nAme asaMkhya narasaMhAra bhArata dezamAM thaela che. arvAcIna yuga sarva saMskRtione samanvayanA adUbhuta rasAyaNathI gALI nAkhanAra bhAratIya prajA muslImo ke aMgrejone potAnA banAvI . aMdhakAra yuga e pAzcAtya saMskRtino sarjana kALa hato na zakI. e banne prajA jyAM sudhI bhAratamAM rahI tyAM sudhI e kALa daramyAna A saMskRti pAsethI koIne koI mArgadarzana alaga astitva banAvIne ja rahI. A kAraNe bhAratIya jana sAMpaDe tevI zakayatA na hatI. madhyakAlIna yugamAM Isudharmane jIvana para jabbara viparIta asara thaI. mAnava sahaja aneka pagale cAlatI A saMskRta e jambara dhArmika azAMti dUSaNe prajAmAM pravezyAM. svArtha vRtti ane lebhadRSTithI sthaLe janmAvI jyAre arvAcIna yugamAM akaNa bhautika sidhdhio sthaLe azAMti sarjAI. vartamAnakALa paNa e dUSaNathI mukta prApta karI A saMskRtie lekamAM AdhyAtmika asamatulA nathI, AcArya vinobA bhAve jema kahe che tema " hAlamAM UbhI karI. madhyakAlina yuga dhArmika saMdhane kALa hatA te bhraSTAcAra e ja AcAra thaI paDela che. " vartamAna yuga bae vizva yudhdha laDI lIdhA pachI paNa yudhane ja Are ubhI azAMta rahyo che. te chatAM AdhyAtmika mArge prApta thatI zAMti bhautika vAda dvArA prApta thatI samRddhi karatAM aneka gaNI caDhiyAtI vartamAna vinAnayuge mAnavajIvana ne tAsa ce che che, e eka hakIkata che. vijJAnanI sarvocca siddhio mAnasukha sagavaDa, eza ArAma ane saddhi ja jIvanamAM basa vIne sukhanI sAthe sAthe ja vinAzanI zakyatAnuM duHkha jyAre nathI. A 1 kAMI heva chatAM AdhyAtmika zAMti mATe kazuMka Ape che tyAre nirbheLa AnaMda ane anaMta zAMti prApta khUTe che ema meTA vargane Aje bhAna thayuM che. AdhyAtmika karavAnI zakayatA AdhyAtmika ciMtana dvArA ja gaNI zake che. jJAnanI deNa bhAratIya saMskRtieja vizvane karI che ane Aje AdhyAtmika ciMtanane mahAsrota bhAratIya saMskRtimAMthI ja karI tAke tema che. pariNAme jAtajAtanA sidhdhAnto sAthamAM vahe che. pAzcAtya saMskRtinA piSake A vAta samajyA che. laI bhAratanA dharmaguruo pazcimamAM vividha maMDaLe sthApe che. samajAyela e satya jeTaluM vaheluM AcaraNamAM mUkAze teTaluM dhUnanI ramajhaTa bolAve che. vartamAna jIvanathI kaMTALela vaheluM vizva salAmata ane samRddha banI. pAzcAtya dezanA asaMkhya mAnavIo AvA maMDaLamAM joDAI -. zAMtinI khoja karI rahyA che. - RNa svIkAra :-A lekha taiyAra karavAmAM zrI prANazaMkara joSI kRta "vizva saMskRtine bhArata tathA kenetha senDa kata bhAratIya saMskRti taNuM pazcimanI saMskRtio para " pUrva ane pazcimanAM tika . " A banne pustako parane eka uDate daSTipAta spaSTa kare che ke AdikALathI utkarSa 2thI upayoga karyo che. Jain Education Intemational

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eizayAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitAbhAga-2 Gram: MAYUR Phone : 1800 & 31801 The Tarun Commercial Mills Limited Outside Kalupur Gate, Railwaypura, Post Box No. 1085 AHMEDABAD-380002 A Nanie of Repute For : * POPLINS * COATINGS * SHIRTINGS * DOBBIES * PRINTS * SCREEN PRINTING * WASH & WEAR POPLINS & COATINGS * F NCY CHECK SHIRTINGS. Jain Education Intemational

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saMskAra ane saMskRti eka adhyayana zrI kezubhAI bAroTa saMskAra ane saMskRtinI sarakhAmaNI anya deze sAthe AvI ja rIte ApaNA pUrvajonI gaurava pUrvajonI thaI zake tema nathI kAraNa ke bhAratI janenA AcAra, vicAra, gauravapUrNa gAthAo Adarza jIvananA javalaMta udAharaNethI raheNI, karaNI bhakita, vIratA satItva, Atithya, udAratA, dAtArI, ApaNA pUrANu ItihAsa bharapUra che. ApaNe tyAM - harizcaMdra vacana pAlana, Teka, AzarAdharma grahasthAzramadharma, varNa vyavasthA jevA, dharmarAja yudhiSThira jevA dhamITha, kapila, kaNada, gaueka patnIvRtta dharma, nArI dharma, raja virya zudhdhA zudhdha vicAra, rUma, patAMjali, jamini, tathA vedavyAsa jevA Adarza zAstra saMta sevA, mAtR-pitR, atithi, gAya, gurU, brAhmaNa, ane nirmAtA, manu jevA rAjarSi. karNadadhicI ane raghu jevA dAnI, vaDIle paratve pUjya bhAva. paralakavAda, pApa, pUnya bheda, vikramAditya ane mAnadhAtA jevA mahipatI, zibisamAna zarabIjAne duHkha nahi devAnI prabaLa bhAvanA, anItine tyAga NAgata rakSaka, bhiSma jevA A jIvana brAhmacArI ane dharmakarma ane prArabdhamAM atUTa zradhdhA, dayA, dAna, tapa, paropakAra, jJAtA bhIma jevA baLavAna, arjuna jevA vIra, aSTAvaka saMteSa, tyAga, balidAna jevA sarvottama guNa paratve Adara, ane zukadevajI jevA jJAno, sutIkSaNa aMbariSa, mayUradhvaja. dharmajhanuna, svArtha ane IrSA jevA durguNe taraH arUci A prahalAda, dhruva ane sudhanvA jevA bhakate janaka jevA karmabadhA guNo bhAratIjana sivAya maLe tema nathI. yegI yAjJavAkaya, ane araviMda jevA gI bhagavAna zaMkarA cArya jevA dArzanika mahAtmA tulAdhAra samAdhi jevA vaizya, kuMvarajI cAMda karaNajI ane bAbulAla guptanA jagaDuzA jevA paropakArI, vAlmika, bhavabhUti, daMDI, kALIvicAre joIe te dAsa, suradAsa, tulasIdAsa, ane caMda jevA kavio narAkAra " ApaNI saMskRti ApaNane vIra banavA tathA dharmanAM avatarita bhagavAna zrI rAmacaMdra jevA rAjA. mAga para sthira rahevAnI AjJA Ape che. dharma ane saMskRtinI anasuyA sItA ane sAvitrI jevI patiparAyaNa nArI rakSA nimite citeDanA killAmAM vidhamIethI bacavA cauda gAga jevI jJAnamUti ane madAlasA jevI mAtAethI hajAra vIrAMganAoe jauharanI javALAmAM bhasmIbhUta thaI Aja AryavaMza ujaLe che. prANanI AhUtI ApI. vIra bALaka hakIkate talavArane hasatA hasatA cUmI. koI upara julma karavAnuM ApaNI saMskRtithI virUddha gurU goviMdasIhe pitAnA bALakanuM balidAna ApyuM. mahArANuM che. anekavAra muslImee ApaNu para julama karyA che. kaMIka pratApasiMha vIra durgAdAsa rAThoDa ane chatrapati zivAjIe hinduone talavAranI dhAre muslima banavAnI pharaja pADI che. varSo sudhI jaMgalamAM bhaTakI potAnI pyArI saMskRtinAM gIta paNa ApaNe keI upara julama karI ApaNe dharma aMgIkAra gAyA. paNa tyAjya ane parihArya saMskRtio AgaLa mAthA karavAnI pharaja pADI nathI. chatAM ghaNu muslImabhAIoe svanathI namAvyA. chAe hindu dharmane Adara karyo che. saMta dAdu kabIra, rahIma, rasakhAna, murAda ane akabarazAha musalamAna hovAM chatAM ApaNI saMskRti ane samAna dharmavIra pedA karavAne hindudharmane Adara karatAM. tene rAma-rahImane bheda na hate. upadeza Ape che ke je urvazI samAna nArInA rUpa lAvAzya para meDita na tha1 mA karI saMbaMdhI brahmacaryanuM rakSaNa karyuM. saMskRtinAM khaMbhe samAna virala vyakitaonA saMdezA ane caritra avicaLa rAkhanAra paNa eka varga che. ane te kalyANa prAMtanAM sukhanI putravadhune jyAre zivAjI mahA- che kavio, lekhaka, brAhmaNo, sAdhu saMte, bAroTa, cAraNe, rAjanA senApati kada karI lAvyA tyAre zivAjI e tene mA mIra, phakIra ane vyAse ke jeNe gAmaDe gAmaDe pharI abhaNa kahI kahyuM ke "tamArI jevI mArI mAM suMdara hota to huM zuM dera ane ajJAna lekene saMskRtinAM piyuSa pAyA che. vIrala vyahata" ane pitAnA senApatinI AvA ghaNita kAma karavA tionA uMcA Adarzone kavioe gAyA. lekhakee lakhyA. badala sakhta zabdomAM TIkA karI Arya saMskRtine ujavaLa paNa A badhu ajJAna ane abhaNa loko je gAmaDAmAM rahe banAvI. che tene pahoMce kayAMthI ! paNa tenA TapAlI banI. bAreTa, ApaNe evI guMDAgIrI nathI joItI je paDozanI bena cAraNo. sAdhu saMte phakIrA, mIrA, brAhmaNe, vyAse, gAmaDe beTI para kudaSTithI juve !" gAmaDe ghume che. DAyarA je . temAM koI satInI, kaI Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmita.-bhAga-2 zarAnI, keI dAtAranI, keI bhaktanI. ane koI kALajA kaMpAve karyuM che ane A rIte teNe paNa ApaNI saMskRti jALavavA evI vIrAMganAnI vAta mAMDe che. ane leka haiyAmAM AvA jahemata uThAvI che aphasanI vAta che ke AvA leka saMrU sata karma karI chUTavAnA preraNAnA dhadha vahAve che. Ama bhATa kRtinA AdhAra sthaMbha samAna vargane samAja taraphathI ke sara: cAraNee dharatI ane dhamane bacAvavA kaMIka zaravIrAne kAra taraphathI protsAhana maLatuM nathI. ane tethI ja vahelo sAbadA karyo che. tenA eka eka paDakAre vIrapurUe talavAre meDA A varga bhAMgI paDaze ane ene kAraNe ApaNI saMskRti pakaDI che. nA mardane marda banAvyA che. raNasaMgrAma cheDIne upara jambara phaTake paDaze. kAraNa ke pachI AvA vIra nara " bhAganAra kAyarone paDakArIne pANI caDAvyA che. kaMIka kAyarane nArInA gIta, kathA-vArtA, bhajana-kIrtana ke pATha keNu bhajavaze ? kaMpAvyA che, Ama deza. dharma ane gAyane bacAvavA teNe AjanA moTA bhAganI philmanA ughADA aMga darzana, premalA sadevayatna karyA che. chatAM svArtha paTuM lokee evuM juThANuM premalInAM TAyelA, nagna nRtya, bibhatsa cena cALA ane vikArI calAvyuM che ke, "e ene dhaMdhe che. paisA kaDhAvavA bIjAnA gIte, Arya saMskRtinuM rakSaNa nahi karI zake. ! vakhANa kare che" AvA vicAra keTalA halakaTa che. Aja divasa sudhI bATo, cAree evA Adarzo jIvananAM dRSTAMta leke Aja sudhI ApaNI saMskRti para ghaNuM ghA thayA che. pAse eTalA mATe mUkayA che, ke pAchA AvA Ado evA chatAM paNa tene nA tha naha. kAraNuM tene jALavanAra upara mANasane ghaDe! hyo te vaga hato. paNa Aje ApaNuM upara videzI saMskRtie kabajo jamAvyo che. Amane Ama cAle te ApaNI saMskRtinA A pRthvIrAja cauhANa je bhAratane bhaDavIrajyAre surA thaMbha samAna guNa, dAtArI bhakita, mardAnagI, satItva, brahmacarya ane suMdarImAM Azakata thaI rANIvAsamAM bharAze tyAre kavivara ane eka patnI vRttino nAza thaze. caMdabAroTe tene rANIvAsamAMthI kheMcI raNAMgaNamAM khaDe karyo. bhautika sukhe pAchaLanI ApaNI AMdhaLI doTa ApaNene kSAtra dharma bhUlelAne pAche dharmane mAge vAje. Ane zuM adhaHpatana ne magaja dorI jaze paNa temAMthI Ivara sivAya khuzAmata kahevAya? tyAre kenI magadura hatI ke bhAratanA samrATa keI bacAvI zake nahi. kurivAje kurUDhio e hakIkata nirvivAda ne caMda jevA AkarA veNa saMbhaLAvI zake ! che. Aje samAja vyavasthA bhAMgI paDI che. AvA saMjoge narahara bAreTanA ekaja kavita upara akabara bAdazAhe mAM A nIce pa.pU. dharmaguruo ane vidvAna lekhakanA maMtavya bhAratamAMthI gauvadha baMdha karAvyuM hatuM. aphasanI vAta che paNa eTalA mATe TAkuM jete samAjane kaMIka aMze paNa ke--AvA deza, dharma ane saMskRti nA rakhevALane Aja samAja upayogI thaze te mATe prayatna sArthaka mAnIza. ane sarakAra taraphathI anAdara thaI rahyo che. -: hindu saMskRti :sAdhu-saMte e gAmaDe gAmaDe pharI leke ne dharma (zrI ga ta pUjyapAda anaMta zrI vibhUSita jagataparAyaNa thavA ane durAcArathI dura rahevA preryA che. gAmaDe guru zaMkarAcArya zrI jayetiSpIThAdhi dhara svAmI brahmAnaMda gAmaDe ekalatArA upara saMtanI hadaya gAma vANInI dhUna macAvI lekane moha niMdrAmAMthI jAgRta karyA che. ane rAma sarasvatIjI jatimaThabadrikAzrama-prasAda) sItAnI kathAo dvArA leka haiyAne DhanyA che. ane Ama jAti nirNayanA AdhArathI spaSTa ja che ke vedAdi zAdArU, cerI, jugAra, vyabhicAra jevA dUSaNathI lekene bacAvI strane mAnanArA ja hindu jAtinA che evI ja rIte hindu zAstra deza, dharma ane saMrakRti nuM rakSa zuM karyuM che. mAnanAra paNa "hindu" kahevAya che. jene zrutI, smRti, purANa - mAtra roTalAnA baTakA havA ane pANIthI saMteSamAnI itihAsa, pratipAdita karmonAM AdhAra para pitAnI laukika paralaukika unnati para vizvAsa che te "hindI" che athavA leka kalyAnI bhAvanA hAthe Akhu AyuSya jagatamAM ghUmatA Rti, smRti mulaka samAja vyavasthA artha vyavasthA, zAsanarahyA che. vyavasthA, dharmavyavasthA Adi dvArA pitAnA jIvananA samasta ' jayAre hindu dharma ane hindu saMskRti para AkramaNa kSetramAM laukika paralaikika abhyadaya para vizvAsa rAkhanAra ja thayA tyAre svAmI rAmadAsajI mahArAje hindu dharma rakSaka "hindukahevAya che. vaidika siddhAMtAnusAra mAnava jIvananA zivAjI mahArAjane sAbadA karI talavAra pakaDAvI ane Arya. samasta kSetronI vibhinna vyavasthAonA sakriyarUpa varNAzrama dharmanuM rakSaNa karyuM. AvA te aneka saMtoe deza dharmanuM dharma vyavasthAmAM prApta thAya che. eTalA mATe varNAzrama dharma rakSaNa karyuM che. anukuLa AcAra vicAra dvArA jIvana vitAvanArane ja "hindu" mAnavAmAM Ave che. athavA brAhmaNa, kSatrI, vaizya ane zuddha vyAsabhAIoe gAmaDe gAmaDe pharI Adarza rAjAo, A cAra varNamAM janmela vedazAstrI potAnA dharmagraMtha mAna saMto, bhaktonA pATha bhajavI lekahyAmAM saMskAranuM siMcana thanAra ja hindu che Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti sa'dasa' pratha hindu koNa ? sa'skRtinA atha zuM? vigere temaja tenA AdhAra vi. nIcenI khAkhatA jANavAthI spaSTa thAya che. vedazAstrAnusAra AcAra vicAra ja hindu saMskRtinAM svarUpe che. kAraNa manuSyAnuM jIvana AcAra vicAra ja che. eTalA mATe saMskRtinAM kSetramAM mAnavajIvananA badhA kSetrA AvI jAya che. ane eTalA mATe ja mAnava jIvananA badhA kSetromAM vedAdi zAstrAnukuLa AcAra vicAra ja hi. sa. che. jIvananAM badhA kSetrAmAM veDhAdizAsrAnu mULa AsAra vicAranI vyavasthAnu' sakriyarUpa varNAzrama dhama vyavasthAmAM maLe che. ane eTale ja varNAzrama anukULa AcAra vicAra ja hi. sa. nuM pratyakSa rUpa che. temaja sAmA jika, rAjanaitika, dhArmika tathA kalA kauzalya, bhASA vezabhUSA, upAsana ADhi sabaMdhI badhI pravRti varNAzrama dharmAnukuLa hAya te ja hiM'. sa. nA Adarza che. Arthika, phakata vicAra mAtrathI badhuM karI zakavAnI zitathI vadhAre bIjI kaI zakita hAya ? eTalA mATe svarUpaniSThA ja mAnava jIvananA vikAsanI zreSThatama avasthA mAnavAmAM Ave che, ane tenI prAptI hiM. saM. nuM lakSya che. manuSyane pU` svataMtra maya anaMtajJAna nA kSetramAM samAvI 5 mAnaMdane anubhava karAvI devAnI zita hiM', saM. mAMja che ane eTalA mATeja hiM. saM. sarvAM zakitamaya sarvAMMge pUrNa che. hindu saskRti sarvAM kalyANA kAriNI che. tenAthI mAtra potAnA anuyAyIo mATe ja nahi paNu samasta brahmAMDa mATe vizvapeASaka ma'galakArI prabhAva utpanna thAya che. hiM. saM. nA A vizvapeASaka tAnA rahasya hRdayagama thavAthI tenI samasta vizeSatAone samajavA mATe eka AdhAra prApta thAya che. manuSyAne vikAsanAM uccattama zikhara upara pahAcADI jIvana sutinI avasthAmAM sthApita karI devAnI hiM. sa. nI khAsa viSezatA che. 263 yuga thAya che. ane AvA 17 mahAyuga maLI eka manvantara thAya che. eka manvaMtaramAM kAlapramAka manu ane devarAja indrAdi moTA meATA deva padAdhikArIe badalI jAya che. ane tena sthAne navA padAdhikArIo Ave che. evI ja rIte 14 manva taranA eka kalpa thAya che. cAlu kalpanAM prArabhamAM vaivasta manu nAmaka manu ane bhRgu, aMgirA Adi RSi gaNu utpana thAya che. ane tenA dvArA geAtra tathA pravaranI sRSTi thaI hatI te samayathI laI Aja sudhI hindujAtimAM gAtra ane prava ranA yathAkrama akhaMDa sabaMdha cAhyA Ave che. evI rIte gAtra pravaranA saMbaMdhamAM hiM. saM. mAM janmanI jAtinA AdhAra para vivAha Adi sabadha dvArA raja-vinta zuddhi ja hindu jAtine cIraMjIvI rahevAnu mukhya kAraNa che. vRtta pUjA hi. sa.nI meATI vizeSatA che. ane nArI jAtinA mahAna gauravanI mAnyatA hi. sa.nI vizeSatA che nArIne zaktinuM pratika mAnIne tenI pUjA karavAnuM hindu jAtie ja svIkAryu che. Adi saMskArAnA sabadhamAM prayukata thavAvALA satkAra zabda hi. sa. mAM saMskAronu eTaluM mahatva che. ke SoDaza ghaNuM karIne saMskRtinAM samAna arthamAM mAnavAmAM Ave che. jevI rIte judA judA prakAranI mATIne vidha nAnusAra saMskAre dvArA zodha karI temAMthI leg. trAMbu, sonuM, Adi bahu mUlya dhAtu prApta karavAmAM Ave che. evI rIte hindu jAti potAnA vizeSa saMskArA dvArA manuSyanAM malApanayana karIne tenAthI divya, brahma, kSAtrAdi tejanuM atizayA dhAna karIne tene daivIzaktione avataraNAnuM phUla manAve che. SoDazAdi saMskAra hiM. saM.nI meATI vizeSatA A che. hi. saM. sarva kalyANakArI amara che. ane vizvanI bIjI sa'skRtienI mAtA che. dareka jAtinI svAbhAvika pharaja che ke te peAtAnI laukika para lauki, unnatinuM mULa varNAzrama dharmAnusAra AcAra vicAra (hiM. saM.) ja che. tenA para pUre pUrA prakAza pADavAmAM Ave che. hindue mATe sarvAMnnatinA te rAjamAga che. potAnA jIvanane te rAjamArga para dRDhatA. sthira karIne unnati karavI teja buddhimatA che. gRhasthAzramamAM pati patni, pitA, putra nAnA moTA vigerenA paraspara vyavahAra patnI mATe pati vratA dharma satI-pUrvaka tvanI zreSThatA ane pati mATe patnie sAkSAt gRhalakSmI svarUpa tathA putrA maTe " mAtR meco mava : viSNu devo matha H ''nA upadeza A badhI evI vizeSatAe che ke jene kAraNe hi. sa. anya saMskRti sAme kAyama ujjavaLa mukha ane zira uMcu rAkhI zake che. vaNu athavA jAtima parivartananA hi.sa. ne siddhAMta moTAmAM meATI vizeSatA che. hiM, saM. varNa saMkaratAne samAja athavA rASTranA vinAza samaje che. hi.sa.nA vaidika itihAsa batAve che ke 4, 32000 varSanA eka kaliyuga thAya. tenAthI khamaNA. tamaNA, cAragaNA kramaza DhAyara, zvetA. ane satayuga thAya che. A cAra yuga maLI eka mahA bIjI saMskRtie ApaNI catuspAda pUrNa caturkIMga phaLaprada hi.sa.nI zAkhA saMskRtie rAjamArga nA chuTI paDelI keDIe jevI che. keDIe cAlanArA thADe dUra jatA keDI samApta thAya che. tyAM bhaTakatA rahI jAya che. atyAranA samayamAM paNa hinduonu kartavya che ke je kAyamathI emanu bya rahyuM che. ke dareka hindu potAnA varNAzrama pramANe AcAra, vicAra, khAna. pAna, vezabhUSA rAkhe ane ikAra pramANe IzvarApAsanA paNa kare (varNAzramadharma virodhI hiM sa.nA ghAtakasudhAravAda nAma dhArI cAlu bhraSTAcArathI peAtAna

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga 2 samAjane bacAvavA mATe saMgati thavuM joIe ane AvI kala, krodha, cheSa, vi. AsurI bhAvanI vRddhi thAya che. tema rAte asatya pracArano vega aTakAvavuM joIe temaja yathA- ja bimArI, AjADI; ativRSTi, kALa, bhUkaMpa, vAyu prakopa, cAgya tenuM khaMDana karavAnuM paNa AjanA samayamAM hinduonI thAya ane te rAjA ane prajAne nAza kare. zuM kaI zAsana pavitra pharaja che.) zAsana sattAne prabhAva jIvana upara paDe sattAmAM tAkAta che ke A devI vidhAna badalI zake ? che. eTalA mATe ApaNA dezamAM hindu saM. piSaka varNAzramAnu kULa sAzana vyavasthA karavAnI paNa hindu jAtinI pharaja che. eTalA mATe bhAratanAM zAsana kartAone ame sAvaceta karIe chIe. ke hindu saM. athavA varNAzrama vyavasthAne daivI | Aja bhAratamAM jana taMtrAtmaka zAsana vyavasthA che. jagatathI sabaMdha che. eTalA mATe temAM cheDa cheDA karavAnuM eTalA mATe hindu samAjane suMdara avasara che. temaja tenuM pariNAma deza mATe sAruM nahi Ave. ane eTalA mATe ja parama kartavya che ke potAnI saMskRtine anu kuLa zAsana praNAlI rAjyanAM kAyadAthI ajugata vartana karI dezamAM daivI prakApana banAvI pitAnI lauki para lauki unnatinA mArgane niSkalaMka AmaMtraNa na Ape. tema ja hindu jAtine patanane mAMga na banAve. laI jAya. hindustAnanI rAjanaitika svataMtAne kharo artha tyAre thAya ke jyAre hindu jIvanane anukULa zAsana vyavasthA thAya sagotra vivAha, asavarNa vivAha. chuTA cheDA. Adi svataMtra bhAratanA rAjakartAonuM te kartavya che ke, videzIoe pApa pUrNa kRtyane kAyadAnuM protsAhana ApI hi. sa.nA raja hindu jIvananI sannati na mAga hi. saM. ne naSTa karavA virya mulaka vyavasthAne bhraSTa karI dezamAM varNazaMkara sRSTinI mATe dharmahine zikSA dvArA je gaMbhIra rAjanaitika SaTayaMtra vRddhi dvArA rASTranAM sarvanAzanAM bIja na vAve. racyuM hatuM tene nirmULa karI bhAratamAM vizuddha bhAratIya saMskRtine dezamAM vargahina, jAtihIna, samAja nirmANanAM lakSathI anukULa zAsana vyavasthA banAve. hi. saM. ne zithila banAvI kuTanItImaya rAjakItra SaDayatra racI hi. saM. ja bhAratIya saMskRti che. kemake bhArata jevI potAnA ja paga para kuvADA na mAre. rIte "hindustAna" kahevAya che. te tenA nAmathI ja pratyakSa che, sanAtana saMskRtinI rakSA hinduone dezache. bIjI saMskRtinA loko anya dezomAM je rIte hindu e rahe che tevI rIte ahiM mahemAna tarIke rahete pU. pA zaMkarAcArya zrI jagataguru svAmI abhinava keI harakata nathI paNa svataMtra bhAratanA zAsanAdhikArI enuM sacidAnaMda tirthajI-dvArakA e kartavya che ke te A vAta upara dhyAna rAkhe ane hinduonI saMskRtine mArga niSkaTaka thAya tema te kemake koIpaNa " sanAtana saMskRti bIjI saMskRtiothI zreSTha, jAtinA laukika, paralaukika unnatine mAge tenI saMskRti ja eTaluM ja nahi te anAdi ane anaMta che bIjI saMskRti hoya che. eTalA mATe hindustAnanI rAjanaitika svataMtratA e sanAtana saMskRtine aMza laI ne ja jI ita che. AvI sArthaka banAvavI hoya ane hindustAnanI unnati sAdhavI hAya saMskRtinA janma sthAna hovAne kAraNe bhArata varSanuM mahAtma te hindu jIvana praNAlikA athavA saMskRti ane varNAzrama vizvamAM vikhyAta che. evI sarva AdaraNiya bhAratIya saMskRtinI dharma vyavasthA pramANe zAsana vyavasthA ati jarUrI che. ane rakSA karavAnI pratyeka bhAratI-janenI pavitra pharaja che. vizeSamAM je te pramANe na hoya te hindustAnanI svataMtratAno artha Aja tenI prasaMzA karavAne badale tenI rakSA karavAnuM vadhAre paNa zuM ! jarUrI che. eTalA mATe te bhAratIya saMskRtinI rakSA karavA dhama vyavasthA pramANe zAsanano artha evo che ke, mATe temaja Atma kalyANa mATe nIce lakhyA sidhdhAMte para rAjano niyama e hoya ke brahmacArI gaThasthA. vAnaprastha dhyAna devuM ane yathAvata anukaraNa karavAnuM pratyeka bhAratI jano ane sanyAsa te cAre AzramamAM brAhmaNa, kSatri, vaizya ane mATe ati Avazyaka che. zudra te cAre varNamAM hinduonuM svadharma pAlana karavAmAM kaI pitAnA dharma pratye prema rAkho ane tenuM pAlana kare, kAnunI aDacaNa na Ave. dharmanuM yathAvata pAlana karavAthI sukha, svarga athavA mokSa veda zAstranuM anuzAsana che ke maMdirane duSita karavAthI prApta thAya che e vAta cokakasa mAne tenI deva pratimAnI devakaLAnI hAni thAya che. ane tevI deva tatva vihIna pratimAomAM bhUta, preta, Adi AsurI zakti- ( 2 ApaNe dharma sanAtana dharma che, te dharma kaI ene vAsa thaI jAya che. ane evI preta nivAsIta pratimAne manuSyane calAvela mata athavA paMtha nathI ete sanAtana ene pUjavAthI AsurI zaktione pRSTi maLe che. ane prabhune sanAtana dharma che. kemake koI hoya che, eTalaukika unnati Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha 265 gaNeza, ziva, viSNu, sUrya ane jagadaMbA A pAMca AjakAlanA ghaNA netA hindu muslIma saMskRtinA ApaNuM pUjaniya devatA che, ane parabrahma paramAtmA sarvoparI mizrarUpane bhAratIya saMskRti mAne che. ane tene hindustAnI Izvara che. A badhA devatA te parabrahma paramAtmAnI lIlArUpa saMskRtinuM nAma apAya che, paNa tene bhAratIya saMskRti kadIe che. eTalA mATe paramAtmAnA paNa aneka avatAra thayA che. kahevAya nahi ane tethI tene keI AdhAra nathI spaSTa rUpa! ghaNuM karIne evuM dekhAya che ke-jyAM jyAM bhAratIya saMskRtinA 4 bIjAne hAni na kare paNa tamArA deza, dharma, iti koI paNa aMga para videzI prabhAva paDyo tyAM tenAmAM navInatA ane mAnane je kaMI hAni pahoMcADatA hoya te tene koI AvI gaI. darzana, kalA, sAhitya mAM vigeremAM A pramANe paNa upAye sanmAge vALavAne prayatna karo pitAne atyAcAra dekhAya che. karavAnuM jeTaluM pApa che eTaluM ja pApa bIjA dvArA karavAmAM AvelA atyAcAra sahana karavAthI thAya che" | netAoe" InDiyana yuniyana"ne sIkayulara sTeTa" (dharma nirapekSa rAjya ) jAhera karI anekvAra evuM AsvAsana saMskRti vimarza Apela che ke badhAnI saMskRtinI rakSA karavAmAM Avaze kaI paNu saMskRtimAM vAMdho virodha nahi karavAmAM Ave keTalAMka anaMta zrI 1008 pU. svAmI zrI karapAtrI mahArAja netA oe evuM paNa kahyuM che ke raMga be raMgI puSpa athavA hIrAnI mALA jevI zobhA vadhAre che tevI ja rIte aneka svataMtratAnI prAptI sAthe ja bhAratIya saMskRtinI rakSA dharmo ane saMskRtione eka dhAgAmAM parovAmAM Ave ane tenA pracAranI carcA zarU thaI te sArI vAta che. hakI rASTranI zobhA vadhe ghaTaze nahiM. eTalA mATe kAMI paNa katamAM koI deza athavA rASTranA prANa tenI saMskRti ja hoya hathi puchyuM ke hirAnAM raMgane bagADavAnI IcchA nathI. A sthitimAM che. ke ke je ke pitAnI saMskRti ja na hoya te saMsAramAM saMskRtinI khIcaDI keTale daraje sArI che? tenuM astitva ja kyAMthI hoya ! paraMtu saMskRtino artha zuM che ane bhAratIya saMskRti zuM che e nathI batAvavAmAM Avatu hindu jAtI, hindu saMskRti, hindudharma, veda, zAstra, aMgrejI "kalacara"no artha saMskRti karavAmAM Ave che. paraMtu maMdira ane rAma SNa vagere samajavAmAM AvI zake che. evI saMskRti saMskRtabhASAno zabda che. eTalA mATe saMskRta vyAkaraNa ja rIte kurAna masjida islAma, arabI, urdu bhASA, paNa anusAra ja teno artha tha joIe "sama" upasarga pUrvaka samajavAmAM AvI zake che. "" ghAtuthI bhUSaNa arthamAM "suda" AgaLa pUrvaka "kitana" pitu pitAnA mULa dharma saMskRti athavA zAstra para pratye "saMskRta" zabda siddha thAya che. evI rIte laukika paralaukika, dhArmika, adhyAtmika-Arthika rAjanaitika abhya vizvAsa nahi rahe te. banAvaTI saMskRtio ane kRtrima dayanA upayukata dehendriya, mana, buddhi, ahaMkArAdinI, AdhAra para vizvAsa rAkhavAnuM muzkela ja nahiM paNa asaMbhUSaNa bhUta samyaka ceSTAo athavA halacala ja saMskRti che. sAMskRtika paraMparA emAM saMdeha nathI ke bhAratamAM AvI keTalIya jAtio vasI gaI. bhAratIono AcAra, vicAra, raheNI karaNI para jagataguru zrI rAmAnuja saMpradAya AcArya piThAdhiteno prabhAva paNa paDave paNa eTalAthI evuM na kahevAya ke pati zrI rAghavAcArya svAmIjI mahArAja bhAratIya saMskRtino AdhAra ja badalI gaye bhArata hindu saMskRti che mAnava jIvananI zakita pragatizIla sAdhaene deza che. eTalA mATe tenI saMskRti bhAratIya saMskRti nanI vimaLa, vibhUtI rASTrIya AdarzanI gauravamaya maryAdA ane che. darzana, bhASA, sAhitya, kalA vijJAna, itihAsa vi. saMska svataMtratAnI vAstavika pratiSThA evA tathyanuM ciMtana karanAra tinA badhA aMgo para vedAdi zAsa mulaka siddhAMtanI ja bhAratIya paraMparAne sadA saMskRti niSThAnA maMgalamaya mAgane chApa che. bahArane prabhAva tenAthI judo dekhAya che. tenA ' apanAvyo enA phala svarUpa saMskRti bhAratabharanA kaNekaNamAM saMbaMdhamAM eka vAta vadhAre vicAravAnI che saMsAranA ghaNA vyApI che. bhAratIya sAhityanAM pade padanA otapreta che. ane dezonI prAcIna saMskRtiomAM bhAratIya saMskRtinI ghaNI vAte bhAratanA ItihAsanAM pRSTho para aMkita che. vikRtarUpamAM maLe che. dA. ta. kaIne kaI jagyAe varNavyava sthA ke kaIne rUpamAM maLe che judA judA dezonA prAcIna hindu saMskRti graMthamAM yajJa yajJAdinI paNa carcA Ave che. darzana zAstra te vyApaka rUpamAM phelAyela che. A badhI vAta tyAM kevI rIte bhArata dharma mahAmaMDalanA eka mahAtmA dvArA likhita pahoMcI e pI savAla che. paNa eTaluM te nakkI che ke acarothI ja jAtI mAnavAmAM Ave che. zAstra kare A badhI bAbato saMbaMdha hindu saMskRti ja che. che. gavAra sutrA gata arthAta AcAra joI jAti banA Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitAbhAga-2 vAmAM Ave che. Arya jAtinI vizeSatA e che ke te jIvana- bhAratIya saMskRti yAtrA nirvAhamAMrovirSa, mUlaka, varNavyavasthA pravRttiropaka ane nivRttipoSaka Azrama vyavasthAmAM mAne che. ane enAthI pU. yogIrAja svAmI zrI mAdhavAnaMdajI mahArAja, zAstramAM tenAM lakSaNa kahyA che. "samaya vero nAI kAti" koIpaNa rASTranA astitvanuM kAraNa tenI saMskRti che. arthAta varNa dharma ane Azraya dharma lakSaNa je jAtimAM maLe saMskRtinA udaya asta ja rASTrano udaya, asta che bhAratIya che tene Arya jAti kahevAya che. AryajAtinuM zArIrika vyavahAra rASTranA utthAnanuM kAraNa bhAratIya saMskRtinuM sarvottama pAlana mUlaka AcAra pRthvInI bIjI badhI jAtiothI kaMIka vilakSaNa ja hoI zake. ane svakIya saMskRtine tyAga ja avanatina che. ApaNI saMskRtino vicAra karanArAoe A vAtanuM mULa che. AvA satya ane tathya samajyA vinA je leke sadAya dhyAna rAkhavuM joIe ke je manuSya jAtimAM raviyuM bhAratanA utthAna kAryamAM lAgyA che. bhale te mATAmoTA netA zuddha mUlaka jAtibhedano siddhAMta, satIdharmamUlaka eTale strIjA ke kema nathI. paNa te saphaLa nahi thaI zake ! bhale evuM hoya ke tinI pavitratA pravRttima mUlaka eTale brahmacarya athavA gRha- te netAonI mAnasika bhAvanAo bhArata varSanI kalyANa karI sthAzrama, nivRtti mUlaka eTale vAnaprastha athavA sanyAsa bhAvanAothI prerita hoya ane te mATe teNe pahelAM aneka Azrama evA dharmanAM lakSaNa maLatA hoya te manuSya jAti kaSTo paNa rasahana karyA hoya paNa je pazcAtya mArgathI te AryajAti che. pitAne tathA kathita pIrasya dhyeyathI judA javAnuM cAhe te A badhI vAte Arya saMskRtinAM maulika siddhAMta che. mArga tene bhAratIya saMskRti pAse nahi laI jAya. eTalA mATe purUSadharma ane nArI dharmanAM adhikAra Arya AvI viparIta dizAgamana teno budidha cakSa ke jenA dharmamAM alaga alaga mAnavAmAM Ave che. para vilAyatI cakamAM caDAvyA che tethI tene nahi dekhAya. - bhale darzana zAstra tene mUla prakRti kahe keI mahAtmA pitAnA manamAM bhAratane bhavya banAvAnI stutya bhAvanA rAkhatA kahe, keI brahmazakita kahe, paNa badhA darzana zAstra prakRtine hoya paNa "balAdina ni jIta"nI bhrAMta te dibrAMta thaIne mukhya mAne che. tenuM kAraNa ke veda, purANa, taMtra Adi zAstra te tarapha kheMcAI rahyA che. jyAM javAmAM bhAratanI bhAratIyaeka mata thaI nArInuM sanmAna karavAnuM ane tene jagadaMbA tAne khatare che. samajI tenI pUjA karavAnI AjJA Ape che. bhArata bhUminI traNa praNita saMskRti athavA pravRttine Arya jAtinAM sadAcAramAM ane tenI pUjA prakAramAM pratikULa karavAmAM Ave che. te kAryanA phalasvarUpa je parivartana kumArI pUjA ane suvAsinI pUjA, sarva mAnya vidhi gaNAya te ahIM lAvavA mAge che paNa te vikAsa nahi paNa vinAzanA che. pazcimanI vartamAna sabhya jaitiomAM A badhI darzanika kAraNa rUpa haze! siddhAMtanI kalpanA paNa maLatI nathI. AryajAti strI jAtine jagadaMbAnI pratikRti samajI tenI pUjA kare che. paraMtu pazci aphasanI vAta che ke amArA rAja nautika netAoe manI sabhya jAtio mAtra bhoga vilAsanI eka sAmagrI aMgrejo pAsethI keTalIka vAte zIkhyA paNa tenA svasabhyatA samaje che. tema ja tenI pavitratA, apavitratAne vicAra kara prakAranA Agrahane na zIkhyAvAmAM Avato nathI. sRSTi prakaraNamAM strI-purUSa bannenA judA hindu saMskRti ja vizva saMskRti che. judA adhikAranA vivAhanA sthAna badhA mukhya mAnavAmAM Ave che. kayAM prAcIna sAhitya ane kayAM navina sAhitya ! kyAM mahAmahima gavarnara janarala zrIyuta rAjagopAlA cArya prAcIna vaidika zAstra samUha ane kayAM navina arthAdi zAstra mahodaya. samUha. hindu saMskRti bhAratIya saMskRti che. ane te bhAratIya pRthvInI je avaidika jAtio che tenAmAM A pavitra saMskRti vizva saMskRti che kaI paNa jAti athavA rASTranA siddhAMtanI gaMdha paNa nathI. AvA gUDha rahasya pUrNa zAstrIya ziSTa purUSomAM vicAra vANI ane kriyAne je Adarza che tenuM viSayeno vicAra nahi karavAthI AjakAlanA netRvaMda je pazcimI nAmaja saMskRti che. vicAra, vANI ane kriyAnA je Adarzane jAtionuM anukaraNa karI hindujAti hindudharma, hindu saMskRti hi. saM. nA nAmathI oLakhavAmAM Ave che te teno sAra ane hindu AcAra vicAramAM baLavo macAvA mAge che te keTaluM tatva che. jJAna bhakita ane pitAnA saMpUrNa kArmomAM bhagavad hAni kAraka ane anucita kArya che te vicArazIla mANasa zaraNa ne bhAva. samajI zake tema che. pRthvImAM bhArata bhUmi eka anokhI bhUmi che. ahiM artha ane kAmane badale dharma ane mekSane bhagavAna che zaraNa vinA zoka athavA vikaLatAthI chUTakAre mukhya gaNavAmAM Ave che. nathI maLatuM ane cittanI zAMtine paNa saMbhava nathI. AnaMda Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 267 nI prAptI karAvanAra vedAMtane A aMtima upadeza che. zrImaMta varSamAM sarvatra evA strI puruSa maLaze jene ApaNe ApaNI athavA garIba, paMDita athavA mUrkha badhA mATe cAhe te purANI saMskRtinA pratika ane pratinidhi kahI zakIe. jIvanamAM game te dhaMdho karatA hoya. hindu saMskRtinuM kharU varUpa te ja che. je badhAne mATe kalyANa karI che. saMgIta ane sAhityamAM sthApatya ane smRti nima. mAM nRtya athavA citrakalAmAM ApaNI saMskRti vikasita hindu saMskRtinI mahattA thaI che. ane tenA evA Adarzo upasthita che ke jene kAraNe sArA vizvamAM tenI prasaMzA thAya che. -le. bihAra prAMtanA gavarnara mAnanIya zrI mAdhava zrI hari aNe bhAratIya saMskRti hindu saMskRtinuM mULa vedo mAMthI ja nahi paNa vedothI -zrI zivazaraNujI e prAcIna saMskRtimAM che. ane eTalA mATe A saMskRti vartamAna prAcInatama saMskRti mAnI eka che hajAro varSathI bhAratIya darzana anusAra saMrakRtinA pAMca avayava che je tenI dhArA avicchinna rUpathI cAlI Ave che te tenAthI te che dharmAdazana ItihAsa varNa ane rIti, rivAja, saMskRsaphaLa tathA mAnava jAti mATe upayogI hovAnuM pramANa che. tine evo artha karatAM A vartamAna pazcimI saMskRtinuM janatA mATe te jarUrI che ke te tenA mULa siddhAMtane samaje parikSaNa karavAmAM Ave te jANI zakIzuM ke tenAmAM evI ane te sidhdhAMta ne sArI rIte hRdaya gama karI levA mATe khAmIo che ke jene saMskRti kahevAmAM paNa saMdeha thAya A saMkRti nuM anuzamana karanAra nara, nArI cAhe game te 5 rasthitimAM rahe tene anukULa te pitAne banAvI zake che. - saMskRti zabdane layAtha dharma, vidyA vigerenI una ti che. paraMtu vAkayAtha saMskRta zuddha karavAnI kriyA che. prAkRta saMskRtinI jIvanakSamatA vastu je rUpamAM sAdhAraNa rIte prApta thAya tene saMskRta kahe- mAnanIya zrI raMganAtha rAmacaMdra divAkara (navANI vAmAM nathI AvatuM. koIpaNa sthUla dhAtuthI sukSma zuddha tatvane vibhAganA mAjI maMtrI). meLavavAnI kriyAnuM nAma saMskRti che eka lIlI mATIne saMrU kRta karavAthI tAmra maLe tevI ja rItemanuSya jAtimAM skUla mAtra bhAratIya saMskRti ja te vAtanuM abhimAna karI dhAtuthI saMskRti dvArA mAnasika ke sAmAjika guNuM prAdurbhuta zake che ke te hajAro varSathI pitAnuM jIvana avicchinna rAkhI thAya che. zakI che. ane yuga yugathI pitAnA vijaya patAkA laherAvatI cAlI Ave che. nAnA prakAranI saMskRtionA AkramaNa tenA hiM" para thayA. paNa badhAne sahana karI te potAnA sthAna para sthira -jaya dayAlajI goyandakA rahI. mizrA, bebIlana, yunAna tathA remanI sabhyatAone pitatAnA utthAnane eka divasa hate paNa anya saMskRti hiM. saM.nuM svarUpa batAvavA rAmAyaNa eka mahAna graMtha emAM paNa anya saMskRtiomAM athavA sabhyatAnA AkramaNanA che. tenAmAM hiM saM.nuM svarUpa ThAMsI ThAMsIne bharela che. himAphala svarUpa athavA jarA grasta thaIne kAM badhI naSTa thaI gaI layane "hi" ane siMdhu (samudra)ne "Ibdha laIne hindu athavA tenA rUpa badalAI gayA Aja Apane te saMskRtienA zabda banyA che. himAlayathI samudra sudhInA sthAnanuM nAma che kaI paNa pratinidhi, kAhirAnI galIomAM athavA yukreTIja "hindustAna" ane temAM rahenAra nAtinuM nAma che "hindu" nadInA taTapara athavA ethensa nagaranI kuTimAM athavA romanA ane hindujAtinuM bIjuM nAma che "Arya" jAti zreSTha jAti prasiddha empiyana mAga para kayAMya dekhAtA nathI. pratimAo, ane te jAtinI raheNI karaNI AhAra vyavahAra vigere je ratupa ane vItye te keTalAya UbhA che. jene ApaNe Aja svabhAvika kalyANamaya Acara che tenuM nAma che" hinda paNa joI zakIe chIe paNa saMsAramAM kayAMya paNa e saMskRti " Aya puraSAnI ukRta saMskRtine sadAcAra kahevAmAM jIvita manuSya nahi hoya je prAcIna mizrA athavA romanA Ave che. tenI cAlacalagata, AhAra-vihAra khAna-pAna pratinidhione nAte ApaNane maLe. dareka AcaraNa zrati, smRti e badhA AtmAnA kalyANa karanAra che. A leka ane paralokamAM kalyANa karanAra hovAne kAraNe bIjI tarapha ApaNe joIe ke ApaNI bhAratIya te sadAcArane ja hindu dharma kahe che. te anAdi kALathI saMskati potAnA mULa svarUpamAM mAtra atyAra sudhI javita cAlyo Ave che eTale mATe tene sanAtana dharma kahe che, janathI paNa niraMtara navajIvana paNa prApta karatI rahI che. bhale himAlaya nI uMcI TekarI para jAya ke gaMgA kinAre athavA prAcIna dharma graMthane jovAthI jANI zakIe chIe ke viMdhyAcaLanI ghATIomAM ke kaverI taTapara ApaNane bhArata mAtA-pitA vagere gurujanenuM AjJA pAlana vaMdana ane sevA Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga-2 pUjA karavAnuM paNa hi. saM.nuM eka pradhAna aMge che. tenA krasIsI vidvAna silavA levIne pUrvanA dezonA saMbaMdhamAM prasaMga Rti, smRti, gItA, rAmAyaNa graMthamAM bharyA paDyA che. abhiprAya che ke ghaNe bhAge bhAratamAM ane vijaya thavAthI tyAMnA AdivAsIoe bhAgI te dezamAM zaraNa meLavyuM hindu saMskRti A keTalo vAhiyAta tarka che! pahelAM te bhArata para Ane zaMbhu dayAlajI metIvAlA. vijaya ja kapoLa kalpita che! bIjA dezonA zaraNathI enI saMskRti ne prabhAva te dezanI saMskRtio para paDe! zuM A hindu saMskRtinuM anuzAsana te phejI athavA polIsanuM saMbhava lAge che? koI paNa dezamAM javA vALA zaraNAthI enI anuzAsana nathI te premanuM anuzAsana che ! saMkhyA beDI hovAthI te potAnI saMskRtine prabhAva pADavAne kanyA-mAtA pitAnA gharamAM devI che. patinA gharamAM badale teja dezanI saMskRtimAM raMgAya jAya che. lakamI che, putra pAse jagadaMbA che. evI ja rIte A saMskRtimAM eka mata e paNa che pahelAM temAMnA ghaNA dezane kAmanuM mukha baMdhAyeluM che. purUSe mATe pitAnI patnI sivAya bhArata sAthe vepArI saMbaMdha hatuM tyAM jaI hindu potAnA dharmane badhI strIo pitAnI mA bahena athavA putrI samAna che. lagna pracAra karavA lAgyA ane tyAMnA rAjAe hindu dharma grahaNa samaye eTalA mATe zetra, pravara vagere sAvadhAnIthI jovAya karI lIdhe A mata paNa tarkanI kasoTIe caDAvatA ThIka nathI che. ke kanyA keI dUranA saMbaMdhamAM paNa bahenate thatI nathI ne ! lAgate. videzI saMskRtinA anuyAyIo, araba kharAba pati bheDA ghaNA AvelA hinduonA pracArathI prabhAvita sInemAnA baMdha makAnamAM makhamalanI gAdI para besI A thaI te dezanA rAjA pitAne paraMparA gata dharma choDI de ! AvI mahAna tatvajJAnanA svapna paNa nahi joI zake ke saMskRti zuM ! vAta paNa gamatI nathI keTalAMka lokonuM evuM kahevuM che ke te susabhya kezu? ahiM tahIM rakhaDanAra bIjI saMskRtio pAchaLa deza para vijaya meLavI hinduoe pitAnuM rAjya sthApita bhaTakanAra saMpUrNa ga samujajavala hindu saMskRtine anAdara karyuM ane vaidika saMskRtine pracAra karyo. A takamAM pad. nahi karI zake. khAmI che. saMskRtinI samasyA bhagavAna manue lakhyuM che ke kaI paNa deza para vijaya gaMgAzaMkarajI mizra karavAthI tyAMnA pracalita rIta rivAjomAM vijetAoe kaI divasa mAthuM mAravuM joIe nahi. hindu nareza e che ! mi. kegano mata che ke prAcIna pilineziyana gAthA- rAdhama para barAbara dhyAna rAkhyuM che. teoe mI 1 e paNa emAM vaidikabhAveno AbhAsa che. svarga, narka, pRthvI, AkAza, pitAne dharma athavA saMskRti lAdavAne kadI ne yatna karyo leka, paraleka saMbaMdhamAM te lokonA vicAra jANI zakIe nathI. bIjAone hindudharma grahaNa karavAnI manAja Ave chIe. mAne ke dvipa, dvipamAM prasAMta mahAsAgaramAM vaidika takanI asatyatA siddha kare che. maMtra pratidhvanita thaI rahyo che. De. reDie pitAnA "polineziyana rilIjana" nAmanA graMthamAM te dezanI keTalIka gAthA- hindu saMskRtimAM IzvaravAda ene anuvAda karI batAvela che ke tenAmAM vaidikabhAvamAM keTalIka samAnatA che. bAMke bihArIdAsajI zrI bAMke bihArIdAsajI A zirSakanA lekhamAM eka divAna camanalAle pitAnI "hindu amerikA" nAmanA pustakamAM batAvyuM che ke banane amerikAmAM hi. saM.no keTale phakarA TAMkatA lakhyuM che ke pracAra hatuM. tyAM pazcimamAM aphaghAnIstAnathI mAMDI misara - pazcimadezanA prakAMDa vidvAna che. mekasamulare mukatakaMThe sudhI ghaNu karIne badhA dezomAM hiM. saM.nA chUTA chavAyA svIkAra karyo che ane kahyuM che ke hindu saMskRti dareka kSetramAM cihana maLe che yuropIya darzana tathA vijJAnane Adi guru badhA dezanI saMskRtinI janetA che. saMpUrNa vizvamAM badhA yunAna mAnavAmAM Ave che. paNa tenI vicAra dhArA prAcIna prAtika sAdhanathI saMpane, saundarya, zakti ane saMpattithI bhAratIya siddhAMtathI raMgAyelI jaNAya che. skenDineviyA, alaMkata deza mArA vicAra pramANe bhArata varSa ja che. jarmanI, AyalenDa vigere dezanI prAcIna saMskRtie bhAratIya saMskRtine ghaNI maLatI Ave che. A badhu mAtra - je mane pUchavAmAM Ave ke kayA dezamAM mAnavamastake thoDA samayanA vyavahArika saMbaMdha athavA becAra vidvAnanA pitAnI mukhyatama zaktine vikAsa karyo ? temaja jIvananA AvAgamanathI nathI banatuM. moTA prazno para vicAra karyo ane evuM samAdhAna gotI kADhayuM Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha - 269 ke jenA tarapha pleTo ane kAMTanA darzananA adhyayana karanArAonuM paNa A badhuM talavAranAM jore nathI banatuM dharmAntara paNa A kaSTa thavuM joIe te huM bhAratavarSa tarapha ja saMketa karaNathI nathI banatuM A badhuM thAya che Atmika saMga dvArA karIza. sAMskRtika milanatAnA pathathI paraMtu Aja evI sthiti thaI che hindu saMskRtinI rakSA paNa kaThina banI che. athavA huM mane pitAne ja pUchuM ke kayA sAhitya AdhAra laI semeTika yunAnI ane mAtra remana vicAra I. sa. 1858mAM navembaranI pahelI tArIkhe mahArANI dhArAomAM vahe che. yuropIya pitAnA adhyAtmika jIvanane vikTorI Aye eka jAheranAmuM bahAra pADayuM temAM teNe jAhera adhikAdhika vikasita ane atyaMta vizvajananI uccatama mAnavI karyuM ke hindu saMskRtimAM ame vikSepa karIzuM nahiM. A banI zake che? jAherAtathI hinduonAM citamAM zAMti pedA thavAthI paNa buddhije jIvana IhalethI ja samRddha na hoya zAsvata mAna aMgreja samajatA hatA ke hindu saMskRti ApaNane athavA divya hoya to huM bhArata tarapha saMketa karIza (sa. ne bhAratathI bahAra ja rAkhaze daravAnanI mAphaka ApaNe bahAranAM 1858mAM mahArANI vikaTorIA paranA patramAMthI) zatruthI bhAratanI rakSA karavAnuM ja raheze paNa aMdara ApaNane praveza maLaze nahIM. ane aMdara praveza nahI maLavAthI bhAratanuM saMskRti ane svAdhinatA zAsana ane zeSaNa saMpUrNapaNe thaI zakaze nahi! A badhu karavAne eka ja IlAja che ane te bhAratIya saMskRtinuM paM. zrI jIvajI nyAyatirtha parivartana. dilhInA takhta para jyAre bAdazAha akabara ArUDha hatA tyAre teNe dIna-e-ilAhIne pracAra karI muslIma dharma briTIza rAjyanA samayamAM 1835mAM kalakattAnA baMdara gAhamAM eka jahAja vilAyatI mAla laIne AvyuM. A saMskRti dvArA hindu saMskRti upara vijaya meLavavA prayatna jahAja ghaNu prakAranI AkarSaka cIjo bharIne Avela. davAthI karyo paNa te nitijJa hate. musalamAnI purANI nIti eka hAthamAM talavAra ane eka hAthamAM kurAna laI dharma pracAra mAMDI soya sudhInI vastu lAvela paNa navAInI vAta e hatI karavAnA te pakSapAtI na hatA ne kuzaLatA pUrvaka lekanA eka paisAne paNa vepAra thaye nahi! (te samayanI hindu manane AkarSita karIne te dharmano pracAra karavAnuM cAhatA hatA. te janatA samajatI hatI maleccha dezamAM taiyAra thayela vastu hinduo mATe aspRzya che.) AvA saMskAra eTalA daDha ane tenuM parINAma evuM AvyuM che. lokenA mukhamAMthI " dilhI prabaLa hatA ke ghaNI mahenata karavAthI paNa vilAyatI mAla dharo vA jagadizvaravA" AvA prakAranAM prazaMsAyukta zabda nIkaLavA lAgyA. patha tenuM AvuM kauzalya paNa hiM. sa. sAme bhAratamAM cAlI zake nahi. ane te jahAja jevI rIte kAma na AvyuM. ulTuM ke koi viSayamAM akabarazAha pite AvyuM hatuM tevuM pAchuM gayuM. te samayanA sekreTarI opha sTeTa (bhArata maMtrI) lorDa maikAlee A vAtathI pratijJA karI hatI hi. saM. nuM anukaraNa karavA lAgyA jenAthI kuDApaMthInA kepanuM ke bhAratamAM ame evI eka jAta pedA karIzuM. jene raMga kAraNa banyA. ane lehI bhAratIya haze paNa zikSA, dikSA ane rUcI saMpUrNa hi. saM. musalamAnonA bhAvathI dUra rahI Atma rakSA aMgrejI haze. . mATe saceta karatI rahI. tethI musalamAne paNa hi. saM. nI AbohavAmAM paDI gayA. ane hindu bhAvApaNumAM AvI gayA? A pratijJA pUrI karavA mATe leDa maikAlee bhAratamAM aMgrejI zikSAne pAye nAkhe ane teNe kapeluM kArya saMpUrNa ghara gharamAM satyapIra ane satyanArAyaNanI upAsanA saphaLa thayuM ! gAmaDe gAmaDe mAnika pIranAM sthAnamAM dUdha caDAvavAnuM. pIranI daragAhamAM hionI avara javara aulA bIbI tathA zItaLAnI cA, cIrUTa, biskITa, jamAvela dUdha, davA vigerethI pUjA ane saMpradAyanA lekenAM ghare te mUrtinI parikamAM mAMDI vilAyatanI jAta-jAtanI cIja Aja videzathI AvavA ItyAdi thavA lAgyuM. lAgI ane A rIte karoDo rUpiyA bhAratamAMthI videza java lAgyA. nirAkAravAdI muslIme paNa sAkAra vAdamAM agresara thavA lAgyA mAnasika pIranuM sthAna mATInA ghaDAthI bharAI gayuM. hindu saMskRti ane rASTrIyatA aulA bIbInI mUrti dekhAvA lAgI. Theka ThekANe durgA ane kizoradAsajI bAjapeyI kALI mAtAnI pUjAmAM musalamAne potAnA gajA pramANe dAna devA lAgyA. je A rIte theDuM vadhu vakhata cAlyuM hota te. ApaNA dezamAM hindu saMskRti tathA muslIma saMskRtinI hindu saMskRti musalamAne pitAnA tarapha vadhu kheMcI leta. vAta ghaNuM vakhatathI cAlI Ave che. je kharekhara "bhAratIya Jain Education Intenational

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270 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA -bhAga-2 saMskRti" tathA videzI (arabbI athavA irAnI) saMskRti sTAlinanA rUsamAM moTuM aMtara paDI gayuM che. prAcIna samayamAM samaje. je ema nathI te jyAM jyAM muslIme che tyAM sarvatra rAjA-rAjA laDatA. atyAre prajAtaMtranA nAma para yuddha phATI eka ja saMskRti hovI joIe paNa AvuM nathI. cInanA nIkaLe che. raziyAnI jArazAhI gaI te tenA sthAne raziyAne muslImonI cInI saMskRti che. aphaghAnanA musalamAnonI apha- vargavAda Avyo jarmananI kezarazAhI gaI to tene sthAne rASTrIya ghAnI saMskRti che. kabAyelI paThANa paNa pitAnI judI saMskR- vAda AvyuM je nAjIvAda kahevA atyAre te te paNa naSTa thaI tine garva lya che. hA parataMtra bhAratamAM musalamAnee jarmananA cAra TukaDA thaI rahyA che. jarmanamAM prajAtaMtra rahyuM paNa arao tathA IrAnanI saMskRti apanAvI lIdhI. hiTalaranA samayamAM te pUrepUrUM ataMtra thaI gayuM. raziyAma bhAratanI eka ja saMskRti che je "bhAratIya saMskRti" vargavAda rahevAthI paNa sTelinanA samayamAM sarvathA etaMtra kahevAya che. bhAratanuM nAma musalamAnee hindustAna rAkhyuM te tyAMnI janatAne hindu kahyA tyAre tenI saMskRti paNa hindu A rIte prajAtaMtranuM nAma laI ekataMtra calAvAmAM saMskRti kahevAvA lAgI. eTale bhAratIya saMskRtinuM ja bIjuM Ave che. IglenDamAM prajAtaMtra che paNa tyAM vaizya pradhAna nAma hindu saMskRti che. muDIvAdane AdhIna rahyA che. ane atyAre samAjavAda prapaLa * aMgrejI rAjya aMgrejI zikSA dvArA tathA dharmanA thaI rahyo che. amerikAnI paNa AvI dazA che. paNa te pracAra dvArA ApaNI sAskRtine uDADavAnuM cAlyuM, khUba prayatna sAmyavAda tathA samAjavAdathI satarka rahe che. ane krAIne karyA paNa lekenI jAgRtie harAvela che. keI rUpamAM tyAM paNa eka taMtra cAle che. koIpaNa rAjyane saMbaMdha dharmathI na hoya tene bina je prakArane varNavAda athavA sAmyavAda raziyAmAM pracalita sAMpradAyaka rAjya kahevAya. paNa keIpaNa rAjya saMskRti zUnya che te doSarUNa pUrNa che. adhUro che. tyAM zudra vage bIjA vargane thaI rahI zake nahi ! je dezananuM rAjya zAsana pitAnI dabAvI rAkhyo che. jarmana samAjavAdamAM kSAtra zakitane eTalI saMskRtine mahatva na Ape tene anAdara kare te rAjyane pAye pradhAna devAmAM AvI hatI ke bIje vaga dabAyeluM rahe. vadhu uMDe nahi hoya. I.nDamAM vaizya samAja eTale prabaLa rahyo ke anya vaga hindu saMskRti ane dharma mAthuM uMcakI na zako. A rIte pAzcAtya samA 8mAM na cAre sudarzanasiMhajI varNa yathArUpamAM rahyA ane navI yathArtha rUpamAM kAma karI zakatA eTalA mATe adhyAtma zUnya pAzcAtya bhautikavAda samAjamAM satya, ahiMsA, asteya asteya ane brahmacarya temanA badhA prakAranAM sAdhana, sAmagrI, ezcarya hAvA thI paNa sAcA tyAga vigere sArvabhauma dharma che. keI AcArye eka upara arthamAM sUkhI nathI. pAzcAtya jagata badhA sukhonA kendra bhAra mUko keIe vaLI bIjA upara bhAra mUko. samAjanI Izvarane bhUlI gayA che te karmaphaLanI miMmAMsAmAM vizvAsa vikRtio dUra karavA mATe je sAdhana para baLa devAnI jarUra rAkhatA nathI. teNe IzvarIya nyAya daMDane pitAnA hAthamAM hatI teNe tene pradhAnatA ApI. keIe evuM nathI kahyuM ke rAkhyo che tenA adhyAtmatatva gamatuM nathI. teo vijJAna para A na dhama cAlI rahyo che. zAsvata dharmanuM udaghATana punaH vadhu bharosa kare che tyAM sudhI tene sAcu sukha kyAMthI maLe sthApananI jAherAta ja badhu kare che. navIna dharma hoya paNa kevI rIte! jyAre mAnava ja prAcIna prANI che. agnimAM zuM tene badhe vizvAsa vIjaLI ane varALa uparaja che koI navIna dharma pidA karI zake che? je manuSyanAM sarjana eTalA mATe yurepa naSTa thaI rahyuM che. ane eTalA mATe. hAra che. taNa tane AdikALathI ja dhama AkhyA che. bhANanA amerikA sukhI nathI. eTalA mATe raziyA hAtha-paga pachADI dhama svAdapaNu jyAre vikata thAya che. tyAre pANIne zuddha rahyuM che. ane eTalA mATe phrAnsa naSTa-bhraSTha thaI rahyuM che. karavuM paDe che. tema mahApurUSAe mAnavanI vikRtione zuddhi tene keu upAya sUjhatuM nathI atyAre te bhArata tarapha najara karavAno prayatna vAraMvAra karyo. A badhA prayatnanA pariIma ' e che ne ? kare che. je te saMsAra sukhane cAhatA hoya te teNe bhArata je svarUpane pragaTa kare che te vAstavika dharma che. tenAthI tene * tarapha AvavuM paDaze ! bhAratIya samAjanI racanA je tatva para sanAtana dharma kahe che. samasta dharmo tenA kaIne kaI aMzathI thaI te tatva para samAjanI racanA karavI paDaze. pragaTa thAya che tenAthI judo kaI dharma nathI. ! hindu saMskRti ane pAzcAtyavAda mAnava saMskRti AcArya narendradevajI zAstrI vedatIrtha zrI. bhagavAnadAsajI kela. yuropIya prathama mahAbhAratanA samayamAM raziyAmAM prAcIna kALamAM vAhana vahevAra nahi ane tene kAraNe krAMti thaI hatI. tyAranA leninanAM rUsamAM ane atyAranA eka jAtine bIjI jAti sAthe saMparka ghaNe ocho thato dareka Jain Education Intemational

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271 smRti saMdarbha graMtha jAta lagabhaga ekAMta jevuM jIvana vyatita karatI hatI. tene sukha (viSaya sukha) che. sukhanuM mULa AnaMda (brahmAnaMda) che. evI jAtanuM jJAna ane anubhava na hatAM ke bIjI jAtinI AnaMdanuM kAraNa jJAna che, jJAnanuM mULa ya che. ya vastunuM vicAradhArA kevI che, kevA sidhdhAMtanuM manana ane AdarzonI mULa tatvAnuMbhAva che. samasta tatvanuM mULa brahma che. brahmajJAnanuM prAptI mATe prayatna thai rahyo che. evI rIte ghaNuM karIne mULa aikaya bhAva che. ane AvI rItanuM ekaya (advaita) ja hareka jAtinI saMskRtino vikAsa judo judo thaze. eka jAti badhI rItanA sAdhananuM mULa che te aikayabhAva bhAvAbhIna kaI vAtamAM AgaLa vadhI te bIjI jAti e kaI bIjI thaIne nikhila carAcara vizvane bhAva prakAzita thAya che. bAbatamAM pragati karI keTalIka jAtionA keI bAbatanA sidhdhAM temAM ekatA paNa AvI AvI rIte hareka jAtine sAMskRtika veda ane zAstramAM Arya saMskRtinuM vijJAna zuM che vikAsane astara alaga alaga rahyo. pAchaLathI jema jema ukata za stra vacanathI jANI zakAya che. Arya saMskRtinuM mULa AvavA javAnA sAdhanonI vRddhi thaI tema judI judI jAtinA AcAra che. Arya jAtine prANu dharma che. AvA tenA prANa mANamAM saMparka vadhyo tenA vicAronI AdAna-pradAna zarU svarUpa hindu dharmanA seLa aMga pradhAna che. pAda pUjya thaI ane tethI atyAre judI judI jAtionA sAMskRtika astaramAM maharSioe sanAtana dharmane seLa pradhAna aMgomAM vibhakata eTalA aMtaranI saMbhAvanA nathI je pahelAM hatI. karyA che. ane ApaNA dharmane pUrNa caMdranI soLa kaLAthI pUrNa batAvyo che. AvA hindu dharmanA te seLa aMga hindu saMskRtinA hindu saMskRti mULAdhAra che. hari bhAujI upAdhyAya saMskRti tenI ajayatA ane AdhAra zIlA , te mArI samaja pramANe je leka kalyANanA upAsake sajana pa. muralIdharajI zama saMskRtine apanAvavAnI ene dujena saMskRtine dUra rAkhavAnI satata ceSTA kare che. je bIjAone durjana kahevAne badale vartamAna sardInAM AraMbhamAM jyAre pAzcAtya prabhAva a.paNuM pAte sajajana banane prayAsa kartA rahIe te jene bhAratamAM paDavA lAgyA jyAre pAzcAtya vijetA ke hAthamAM ApaNe Aja hindu saMskRti kahIe chIe, hindu samAja talavAra laI RSionA saMtAnane pratyakSa batAvA AvyA kahIe chIe, tenuM gaurava adamya gatithI vadhatuM raheze. hatA ke te RSi saMtAne asabhya che, beTA svapna jonArA che. AvA lokenI eka jAti che. teno dharma kerI daMta kathA che AjanI duniyAmAM ApaNe ekalAe ekAkI sajajana te AtmA, paramAtmA ane pratyeka vastu mATe te pracAra karatA banavAthI kAma na tu cAle ApaNe ApaNI Asa pAsa paNa rahyA che. te nirarthaka che. sAdhanA ane tyAganA hajAre varSa sajajana mAja banAvo ane vadhAravAnuM che. paNa je pite nakAmA gayA che. tyAre vizva vidyAlayamAM bhaNanAra navayuvakoma sajajana saMskRtinA athavA susaMskRta haze te te bIjAone e prazna thavA lAge. zuM te vakhatanuM rASTrIya jIvana asaphaLa susaMskRta banAvI zakaze. rahyuM che! zuM teonI pAzcAtya praNAlikAnA AdhAra para punaH hindu saMskRti yA Arya saMskRtinI jo koI paNa vize - zrI gaNeza karavAM paDaze? ApaNe prAcIna pustake zuM phADI nAkhavA paDaze ? darzana zAsa zuM bALI devA paDaze? ane dhama SatA kahevAmAM AvatI hoya te te che ke teNe svArtha siddhi sivAya parasevA, samAjasevA, svArtha sivAya paramArtha para upadezakone zuM bhagADI mUkavA paDaze ? maMdire ne zuM nirarthaka mAnI teDI nAkhavA paDaze? zuM pAzcAtya vijetA ke jeNe vadhAre jora dIdhu che. teNe vyaktine samAjamAM samaSTimAM bhAga potAnA dharmanuM talavAra ane baMduka dvArA pradarzana karyuM hatuM vAnamAM lIna thavAno upadeza Apyo che. ane mArga paNa ane kahevA lAgyA hatA ke junI vAta na rUDhIvAda ane batAvyo che, je vidhi je kriyA ApaNane bhagavAna tarapha laI jAya che te hindu saMskRtimAM Arya saMskRti sajajana saMskRti mUrti pUjA che, pAzcAtya padhdhati anusAra calAvAmAM che. je ApaNane tenAthI vimukha banAve che. te ahindu, AvatI nathI. anArya, durjana saMskRti ane kusaMskRti che. zALAomAM zikSA, dikSA meLavanAra bALakomAM A hindu saMskRtinA maulika lakSaNa vicAra bacapaNathI ja ghara karavA lAgyA ane zaMkAo utpanna thAya temAM navAI zuM ? paraMtu rUDhivAdane dUra pheMkI satyanI - sUryodaya zedha karavAne badale satyanI kasoTI thaI zAstramAM lakhyuM che ke jAtinuM mULa AcAra che AcA- aMgrejI zikSA ane pAzcAtya saMskRtie evA hinduone ranuM mULa zAstra che, zAstranuM mULa veda che. vedanuM mULa sAdhaka taiyAra karyA je te saMsAramAM hindutva ane bhAratIya saMskRti che. sAdhakanuM mULa kriyA che. kriyAnuM mULa phaLa che, phaLanuM mULa virUddha vAto pasaMda paDI. hindudharma dharmagraMtha ane AcAra, Jain Education Intemational

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272 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 vicArane tilAMjalI daI videzI sAsakenA hAthA banavAmAM chUpu nathI, teNe ApaNI saMskRti ne samULo nAza karavAnuM goravA lAgyuM. tenI mauliktA samApta thaI tathA yavana saMskRtine vizvanI saMskRti banAvAno nizcaya karyo hatA. paNaeka brAhmaNe tenA sAmI Takakara lIdhI te mahA puruSa paNa hindu saMskRti amara che, te naSTa thaI zakatI nuM nAma che koTilya-cANakaya te visvarUpa brAhmaNe caMdragupta nathI. kemake tenuM mULa amara che. AdhAra zIlA amara che. jevA tejasvI zAsaka kartAnuM nirmANa karyuM ane garIba bicArA janmanI jAti alIkacaMdra (eleka jhenDara ) pitAnA bistarA pioTalA bAMdhI siMdhunA kinAre AMsu vahAvI potAnA dezamAM pAchA pharyA. vasaMtakumAra caTTopAdhyA. bIje AghAta thayo prAtaH smaraNIya gau, brAhmaNa, bhagavAna zrI kRSNa athavA zrImadbhAvada gItAno evo pratipAlaka, mahArAjA vikramAdityanA samayamAM, mahA pratApI, mata nathI ke keIpaNa manuSyanA gu gu, kama joI tenI jAti raNazUra, khUba lAMbA, pahelAM DIla DolAvanArA, baLazALI nakakI karavAmAM Ave che. ulaTuM teNe kahyuM che ke keIpaNa zakee Aryavata ne AtmasAta karavAnI nemathI ApaNI vyaktinI jAti tenA janma pramANe ja jANavI joIe. ApaNe pavitra bhUminI svataMtra para AkramaNa karyuM. paraMtu te samaye AgaLa joIzu ke janmanI jAti vyavasthA para je anya paNa eka brAhmaNe janatAnI nasenasamAM AgakuMkI ane vikramanA AkSepa karayAmAM Ave che te paNa amuka rIte AdhArahita che. nAmane kalaMka lAgavA na dIdhuM tenuM nAma hatu kAlidAsa, kavikULa sUrya kAlidAsa ne " raghuvaMza" upADI juvo te khyAla Ave jo keI paNa manuSyanI jAti tenI vRtti athavA kama ke te za! brahmateja ane kSAtra baLanI jIta thaI. te pratApI para AdhAra rAkhatI hoya te droNAcAryane kSatri kahevA joIe nAmanI Aja saMvata cAlI rahI che. kemake tene vyavasAya yuddha karavAnuM hatuM. paNa ema nathI trIje AghAta thaye musalamAna dvArA. te samaye paNa kAraNa ke teo janmathI brAhmaNa hatAM. tevI ja rIte tenA eka sanyAsIe A bhArata bhUminI rakSA karI. te prAtaH putra kRpAcArya ddhA hovAthI paNa brAhmaNa hatAM kemake brAhmaNa vaMdanIya samartha rAmadAsa mahArAja ne koNa nathI oLakhatuM ! kuLamAM tene janma thayo hate. azvatthAmAmAM brAhmaNane eka te mahAtmAe eka mahA puruSanuM nirmANa karyuM ane tenuM nAma paNa guNa na hatuM tema natu kaI kama brANunuM ! te kama che vIra chatrapati zivAjI kSatriya kula bhUSaNa chatrapati e pharI karatA hatA eka kSatrinuM zuM mAM te eTalA ba. krura hatA ke, ekavAra te hatyArI zakitane nAke dama levA. rAte pAMDavanA taMbumAM jaI sUtelA draupadInA putra nI hatyA karI nAkhI. uttarAnA garbhamAM rahelA bALaka para paNa teNe satyatA ane saMskRti zastra calAvyuM. paNa jyAre tene pakaDavAmAM AvyA tyAre ema nakkI karavAmAM AvyuM ke tene vadha na kare kAraNa ke te svAmIjI sayadevajI parivrAjaka brAhmaNa che. tenuM mAthuM muMDI apamAna karavAmAM AvyuM. AvI saMsAranA pratyeka rahI purUSa pitAnA vikAsa anusAra jAtanuM apamAna maraNa samAna che. vidyA prApta karI satya jJAnanI zodha karatAM, ane Aja Akho yudhiSThira svabhAve khyA hatA ke kaI game teTale apa- mAnava sama mAnava samAja reTInI jheTA TAmAMthI chUTI vizvanA jJAna rAdha kare paNa tene turata mApha kare ane bhImane joIe te bhaMDAramAM pitAno aMza de che. paNa aphasa! reja baroja nAnI evI vAtamAM laDavA taiyAra thAya ! je AvA guNothI vadhatI jatI jarUrata e mAnava ne dAnava banAvI dIdhuM che jAti nakkI thatI hoya to yudhiSThira ane bhImane judI judI ane tene covIse kalAka peTa bharavAnI ciMtA lAgI rahI che. jAtinA batAvavA joIe. paNa ema nathI ane kSatri che. Aja ApaNe suzikSita pazu banI gayA chIe, kAraNa ke je kAraNa te janmathI kSatri che. pitAnI keLavaNI dvArA vadhAremAM vadhAre banAvaTI paNuM, do, phaTake, dago karavAnI kaLAmAM nipUNatA, A badhu paisA kamAvA ApaNI saMskRti para traNa AghAta mATe ja! paNa A badhu eTalA mATe thAya ke ApaNe ApaNI saMskRtine tuccha svArtha siddhinuM sAdhana banAvyuM che. zrI baLadevajI upAdhyAya. ApaNe e vAta barAbara samajI levI joIe ke ApaNI saMskRtie kharekhara mRtyu para vijaya meLavyo sabhyatAne zArIrika jarUrIyAta sAthe saMbaMdha che. ane saMskRche keNu jANe tenA para keTalo AdhAte thayA haze paNa te tine saMbaMdha AtmAnA sAtvika guNa sAthe che, eTale jeTalI aDaga rahI, aTala rahI A AghAtamAM tenA para traNa meTA ApaNI sabhyatA ApaNane sAtvika banavA sahAya kare eTalA [, AghAta thayA che, temAM pahele ghAta sikaMdara (alakacaMdra) ApaNe sAMskRtinA kSetramAM AgaLa paga bharI zakI !. je dvArA ! tenuM SaDayaMtra keTaluM vikaTa hatu te ItihAsa bhaNunArathI ApaNe AtmAnA utkarSa tarapha AgaLa javuM che tene taka Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saddabha graMtha jarUrata ochAmAM ochI hovI joIe. jarUratAnI kamIja samAjanI viSamatAne dUra karI zake che ane teja mAnava samAjamAM zAMtinI sthApanA karI zake. sAdu jIvana ane ucca vicAra ApaNuM lakSya hAvuM jarUrI che. ane tema anaze teAja ApaNe prAkRta bhAgonI samAjamAM nyAyapUrvaka vaheMcaNI karI zakIzuM. bhAratIya saMskRtinuM prANana prema 273 ane saMghanA bI vAvyA che. eka yuddhanI samAptI thatInathI tyAM bIjA yuddhanA Ara'bhanI nizAnIe dekhAya che. zrI lakS InArAyaNujI gade yurApa, amerikAnI sabhyatA athavA saMskRti meTA me... vAraMvAra hindu saMskRtine badale bhAratIya saMskru-meTA zahero gaganacU thI aTAlikAe Ameda, prameda ane tinA prayAga karyAM che. bhAratIya zabda vahevAramAM hinduonA vilAsanI sAdhana sAmagrImAM pragaTa thAya che, parantu hindu paNa samAveza thaI jAya che, paNa tema samajavuM khoTuM che. saMskRti jaitika jarUratonI tRptInA sAdhanAne mahatva ApatI bhAratIya saMskRti ane hindu saMskRti judI che. tema samajavu nathI. hindu saMskRti to tapovanamAM prakRtinA acalAmAM che. pazu khAtu che ke bhAratIya saMskRti hindu-muslIma khIcaDI ApaNe tyAgane mahatva ApIe chIe. A tAraka saMpradAyAmAM saMskRti che. musalamAna tA bhAratIya che te tenI hinduyA vizvAsa karIe chIe. alaga saMskRti hoya zake nahi. jo tenI saMskRti alaga che. ( jemake adhikAMza musalamAna kahe che ane tenA AdhAre jhagaDI teoe bhArata varSamAM ja peAtAnuM juduM IslAmI rAjya sthApita karyu. ) to te judA ja che. bhAratIya saMskRti sAthe tene koI saMbaMdha nathI. paNa sAcI vAta te che ke tenA videzI saMskAra tene tevuM zIkhave che, tenI saMskRti ane hindu saMskRti judI che. videzI musalamAna to A dezamAM hatA ja jeAe Adeza para bahArathI AvI AkramaNa karyuM hatuM pachI teoe ahiMnA hinduonA lAbha, bhaya ane dveSathI musala mAna banAvI dIdhA. zrI rAmacaraNujI mahendra. ApaNe joIe chIe ke pazcimanI saMskRtie jIvanane vilAsamaya jarUrato vadhArI dekhItI rIte mAnava jIvanane cApaNe vaibhava zALI banAvI rahI che. tethI ArAma ane bhotaka sukhamAM vRddhi thaI che. paraMtu tenAthI mAnavanuM kalyANu nathI yu. teNe niraMtara ekanI pAchaLa bIjA yudhdha viplava bhayaMkara ``cAkheMcI ane gupta maMtraNAthI sa'gha cAlyA ja kare che. Aja yuropamAM je deSita vAtAvaraNa phelAyu che te yuropanI sa MskRtinA phUla svarUpa ja che raziyAmAM sabhyatAnA bAhya pakSa cAkhA dekhAya che tyAMnA loko peAtAnu jIvana sukhathI vItAvI rahyA hAya tevu' dekhAya che; paNa vAstavamAM tenA hRdayamAM jarA jeTalI paNa sAMti saMto ke vizrAma nathI hindu saMskRti janmathI ja jAti nakkI kare che, je te musalamAneAnA videzI saMskAro naSTa thaI jAya to te hindu ja che. tenA hRdayanA UMDANamAM Aja paNa hindu saMskAra paDayA che, sAcu kahe| to A videzI saMskArene izvara ja haTAvI zake! athavA izvaranA ananya bhakta jevA ke caitanyatA mahAprabhu tathA anya aneka saMta mahAtmAonA jIvanamAM ApaNe joie chIe ke teee keTalAMka musalamAneAnI aMtara chUpAyelA kRSNa bhakitanA bhAva jagADI dIdhA. ane keTalAka mulkIma mahAtmAe vaiSNava kavi thaI gayA. janma-janmAMtaranA kusaMskArane dhAvAnI zitA bhAvAna kRpAmAM 4 che hindu maMskRtinA AMtarika pakSa hinduo mAne che ke peAtAnA AMtarika pakSa jeTale zuddha athavA vikasita paripakava raheze tenAthI teTalAM sArA kama thaze ane tenAthI tenu jIvana eTalu' 'cu' raheze. tyAga, saMyama, ane IzvaramAM vizvAsa tenI rageragamAM samAyA che. bhAratIya saMskRti athavA sabhyatAnA janma tathA vikAsa nagarathI dUra RSi-munionA AzramamAmAM tAnAmAM, puNyANyAmAM thayA che. tenuM kAraNa enDru che ke tenAmAM AdhyAtmikatAnu pradhAna pazu che. Atma darzana amArU carama lakSya che. hindu saMskRti ane veda - " sUyAdaya ' prA. maikasa mUlara kahe che ke-" ni:saMdeha manuSyAna mULa bhASA eka ja hatI jyAre bhagavAne manuSyane bhASA ApI. emAM bheda kevI rIte hAya! " manuSyane aneka bhASA izvara zA mATe Ape ? ' mULa bhASA saMskRtamAMthI badhI bhASAe nIkaLI che ane manuSya bhAratamAMthI nIkaLI vizvamAM cAre tarapha vasyA che, ekaja mAnava parivAranI bhASAnuM mULa paNa ekaja heAvu joie. ke grIka leTina, hijI, jeda, arakhkhI cInanI eka bhASA samA peDika, A badhImAM saMskRtanI jema strIliMga, puliMga; athavA naHpusakaliMganA bheda che, temAM vacana paNa mAMthI strIliMga zabda te niyamathI bane che. ke je rIte traNa che. ane strIliMga zabdathI keTalAMkamAM puliMga ane puliga saMskRtamAM che. keTalIka bhASAmAM saMskRtanI mAphaka ArTa vibhakti paNa che, leTina, grIka, huinnu Adi muLa bhASAe kahevAya che.

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ja te bhASAomAM saMskRta zabdathI vikRta thaIne tenA theDA zabda paNa banyA che. saMskRtamAM 47, raziyanamAM, phArasImAM 31, tukI ane arakhImAM 28, spenisamAM 27, agrejImAM 26, phrencamAM 25; leTina ane hinnumAM 20, AlTikamAM 17 akSara che. cInI bhASAmAM akSarane badale zabda che. eTalA mATe tenI gaNanA A sAthe karavI ThIka nathI. uparanI bhASAomAM keTalAMka akSara evA che jenu uccAraNa eka ja che aMgrejInI jema keTalIka bhASAe keTalI bhASAothI bane che tenAmAM aneka bhASAo hAvAthI akSara vadhI gayA parantu uccAraNu vadhyA nahi uccAraNanI dRSTithI sa'skRtanA eka akSara paNa nakAmA nathI. evI rIte ApaNe joIe chIe ke mULa bhASA sa'skRta ja che. purANAmAM vicitra vana -sudana siMhujI cakra" va purANeAnA badhAthI eka adabhUta bhAga che tenu vicitra vana! be, traNu, daza mastakanA manuSya sahusra bhujA 1, sarusra netra, AvA prakAranI AkRtie sAthe kuMbha ka meTI AkRtio paNa gaNI levI AkRtie sivAya paNa rIMcha, vAnara nAga vigere jAtie ane tenA panuSya sAthe sa''dha AvI vata che ke jene AjakAlanA leAke sAcI mAnavAne taiyAra nathI. tenA mata pramANe AkhA kalpanA eka rUpaka che. zizupAlane janmathI cAra hAtha tathA traNa AMkha hatI. ghaNA divasa sudhI te AvI avasthAmAM rahyo. tenA mAtA pitAne tethI kAMI navAI na lAgI ! Aja paNa vicitra baccAnA janmanA samAcAra ApaNe sAMbhaLIe chIe elziyamanI eka kabaranA patthara upara eka strIe eka sAthe 360 baccAnA janma thavAnI vAta tArIkha sAthe taravAmAM AvI che. evA khALakonA samAcAra paNa patrAmAM chapAya che ke je janmatA ja belavA cAlavA lAge che, prakRti Aja eTalI viparita thaI gaI che ke AvA bALaka jIvita rahetA nathI. prakRtimAM keTalI vicitratA che ke te mAnava buddhinI bahAranI vAta che. tethI zAstramAM sajJa manuSyAe je kAMI kahyu che te akSarazaH satya che. te nathI kalpanA ke nathI rUpaka ! rAkSasa, rIcha, vAnara, nAga jAtinuM jyAM varSoMna Ave che tenA artha AjanA vidvAna evA kare che ke te manuSyanI jaMgalI athavA asabhya jAte| hatI. ! paNa purANeAnA varNana khatAve che ke te sabhya, unnata ane paThita leAkeA hatAM, Jain Education Intemational eDoya.nI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga-2 rAmAyaNamAM hindu saMskRti (strIonI sthiti ) -zAMtikumAra nAnurAma byAsa lagna pachI kanyA patigRhe vadhUnA rUpe praveza karatI hatI. tyAM tene patinA pragADha prema ane sAsu, sasarAne hArdika prema maLatA hatA pati vrata dharmanA Adaza ati uMcA hatA. strIo mATe pati devatA ane prabhu che, strIe patine priya ane hitamAMja peAtAnuM hita mAnI tenI sevA karatI ane te sIenA A leka ane vedamAM prasidhdha dharma che, apritama saudarya ane eka niSThA pativrata ja rAmAyaNa pramANe Adarza patnIne mApa daMDa che. nArI puruSanI sahadharmacAriNu hatI. samAna sukha, duHkhanI sAthI hatI. zAstrAkata yajJayajJAdi karmAMmAM pati, patnInA saMyukta adhikAra hatAM. vaizvika zrutie patnIne patinI abhinna AtmA batAve che. pati para patnInA mukhyatve traNa adhikAra hatA, temAM bharaNa pASaNanA adhikAra, strI dhanane adhikAra tathA vaivAhika eka niSThAnA adhikAra puruSanA pira vArika athavA bahAranA kAryomAM tenI suyeAga patnI akI rIte sahakAra ApatI. sItA, tArA ane kaikeyI jevI tajasvI nArIee tenA samayanI rAjanItika ghaTanAene ghaNI prabhAvita kare che. hiM. saMskRti ane mAnasa -mAnasarAja haMsa pa. vijyAnadajI tripAThI. bhautika vastu bhale anAdaranI vastu nathI. paNa te saMskRti te nathI ja saMskRti tenAthI uMcI vastu che. bhautika unnatine sadupayega athavA dura upayoga saMskRtinAM hAthamAM che. laMkAmAM je unnati thai hatI te vAMcI ApaNane navAI lAge che. vAyuyAna tyAM hatAM tyAM zatrusenA para goLA pheMkavAmAM AvatA. tyAM divase paNa sinemA jevA dRzyA rAMgaNamAM batAvAmAM AvatA ke jene joI zatrusenA yuddhavimukha thaI nAsabhAga karatI hatI. vijJAna eTaluM vadhyuM hatu' ke, banAvaTI zatrunuM mAthu khatAvI tenI patnine vipatti sAgaramAM DubADI detA hatA. chatAM A badhAthI saMsAranu hita thayuM nahi. kemake tenI saMskRti ku saMskRti hatI. A sa'sAra kadApI ekara'gathI rahyo nathI. rahevAne nathI. aneka prakAranI unnati ane avanati AvyA ane gayA temAM hindu saMskRtine ja ke keAi paNa avasthAmAM ke peAtAnA dharmAMnA parityAga na kare kema ke dharma ja prabhunA agrabhAga che.

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tarabUca eka ja rIte strI vikArane ma ta thaI anya smRti saMdarbha graMtha 275 Arya saMskRti tene svataMtratA apAtI nahi. tene vidyA bhaNavAnI chuTa na zrI jIvanazaMkarajI yAjJika hatI. bALakanA ucheranI javAbadArI tenA paraja hatI. jyAre keIpaNa jAti athavA dezanI saMskRtino vicAra . Ama kahenAra kharekhara vastu sthitino vicAra karatA karavAmAM Ave che tyAre ghaNuM karIne tenI sAmAjika vyavasthA , nathI. amAruM prAcIna sAhitya keInuMe pI nathI. te badhAnuM rIta, rivAja, kalA, kauzalya vepAra vANijya vigerenI pragati hitaiSI che. e bAbata jANI levAnI jarUra che ke:- strI jovAya che paNa prakRtine evo niyama nathI ke AvI bAbatanI jAtinI pavitratAmAM dezano uddhAra tema ja strI jAtine patapragati karavAthI te jAti ke dezano vinAza na thAya. ghaNI namAM dezanuM patana anivArya che. eTalA mATe hindu jAtinA badhI prAcIna jAtio unnati karavAthI paNa nAza thaI gaI sAhityamAM puruSane badale kanyA athavA strIonI rakSA upara che. ane tenI kRtionA bhagnAMza purAtatva vettAonI vadhAre dhyAna devAmAM AvyuM che, saMtAna para pitA karatA zadhakhoLanI sAdhana sAmagrI rahI gaI! mAtAne prabhAva vadhAre paDe che, strI jAtinI apavitratAthI saMpUrNa jAti apavitra thAya che, cAku tarabUca para paDe ke, sara henarI samunamenanA mata pramANe thoDIka pAzcAtya tarabUca cAkA para paDe bane rIte tarabUcane ja nukasAna jAti ja pragati zIla che. ane bAkInI rUDhi thI baMdhAyela thavAnuM evI ja rIte strI vikArane Adhina thaI bIjA puruSa che tethI gatihIna che. athavA naSTa thai gaI che. tenA mata para Azakata thAya. athavA puruSa vikAra yukata thaI anya strI pramANe vyakitane adhikAdhika varga athavA varNanuM svataMtra para Azakta thAya. A baMne rIte strIonuM patana cakkasa hevuM unnatinuM pramANa che ane bIjuM pratyakSa pramANa che. paNe thAya. vijJAna jAva ane tenA dvArA prakRtinAM rahasyanuM udghATana karI jJAna vardhananI sAthe prakRtinI zakitane pitAne athavA hindu tatvanuM vyApaka svarUpa upayogamAM levAnuM. saMskRtine Arya Adarza tenAthI judo che. chatAM paNa -zrI rAmagoviMdajI trivedI bA saMsArika unnatithI virodha nathI. ApaNI saMskRtinA saMskRta sAhityamAM eka nahi aneka sthaLo e " hindu' janAdAtA jASa muni che. jJAnadIpe ne prajavalita karanAra zabdano ullekha che. te zabdanuM je lakSaNa batAvAmAM Avela che, bhagavAna veda vyAsa che. tyAre prAzcAtya sabhyatAne janma nagaramAM hindu zabdanI je paribhASA banAvAmAM Avela che tenAthI thayuM che. eka upara vana pravRti ane ane anaMtanI khejanI spaSTa jANI zakAya che ke hindu AryanuM ja nAma che. hindu te chApa paDI che to bIjA para rAjasa athavA bhautika sukhane che je duSTanA zaka, dharmaparAyaNa, veda zAstra-anuyAyI, nArAyaNa prabhAva paDyo che. bhakata ane vidvAna che. A badhAM lakSaNethI jANI zakAya che ke Arya ane hindu ekaja che. ane AryajAtinu nAmaja aneka prAcIna jAtio kALanA mUkharAM samAI gaI. hindu jAti che, tene tenI navAI pamADe tevI unnati paNa bacAvI na zakI, ane Arya jAti badhAthI prAcIna hovA chatAM paNa Aja sudhI musalamAnonI vAte te purI ja che! je divasamAM jIvita che. ane teNe pitAnI kRtio ane vicAra dhArAthI mahamaMda sAhebano janma paNa thayo na hato. ane araba saMsArane vizeSa rUpathI samRddha banAvyA che. te vAtanI ItihAsa jatino itiyAsa paNa jAtine itihAsa paNa kALanA peTamAM hato te divasamAM sAkSI pUre che. bAdazAha sikaMdara bhArata varSa AvyuM hatuM teNe potAnA miMtrIne '' hindu kuza" parvata javAnI IcchA pragaTa karI hatI! hiM. saMskRtimAM devatAvAda -paM. dInAnAthajI zarmA zAstrI, jayAre IsathI paNa seMkaDo varSa pahelAM" hindu" zabda hatuM tyAre kevI rIte kahevAmAM Ave che ke hindu" nAma AjakAla prAcIna sAhitya para AkSepa karavAmAM Ave musalamAne e pADela che? che ke, purAtanakALamAM strIo upara atyAcAra karavAmAM Avyo. che. vidhavA vivAha karavAnI chUTa na hatI. tene mATe vrata. sikaMdarathI paNa seMkaDe varSa pahelAM pArasIono dhama upavAsa vigere niyata karavAmAM AvyA che. tene bIjo pati graMtha "avestA" banAvavAmAM Avela. temAM vedanA hajAro zabda karavAno Adeza ApavAmAM AvyuM nathI. tene pardAmAM temaja maLe che. temAM hindu zabdane ulekha che, te samayathI che gharamAM gaMdhI rAkhavAmAM AvatI. ane tenI judA prakAranI rakSA ApAra vasanArane "hindu" kahevAmAM AvatAM balakhanagaranuM karavAmAM AvatI, tenA para vizvAsa karavAmAM Avato nahi, nAma paNa pahelAM "hindavAra " hatuM. Jain Education Intemational

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276 hindu saMskRtinuM svarUpa hindu zabda prAcIna sAhityamAM nahi maLavAthI UMDA matabheda che, paNa mArI mAnyatA che ke bhAratavamAM utpana sanAtana dharma para badhA saMpradAya. hindu saMskRtimAM ja samAcela che. jaina, baudhdha, zikha vigere saMpradAya, peAtAne hindu bhale na kahevarAve. paNa te sanAtana dharma para AdhArita Aya para'parAnA aMga hAvAthI hindu ja che. zrI sUrajacaMdrajI satyapremI " DAMgIjI' traNa dhArAo che. 1. pAramArthika 2. vaizvika 3. laukika pAramArthi ka dhArAne ApaNe laukika paNa karIe chIe vaidAntika dhArA upaniSado sAthe sabaMdha rAkhe che, te paramA para bhAra devA nI nivRttiparAyaNu dharmanA pracAra kare che, vaizvika dhArA parA para vadhAre bhAra de che. paNa tene artha nivRtti ja che. laukika dhArA vahevaranI padhanatA para AdhArita che. A rIte A traNa dhArAomAM pravAhita thavA vALI hindu saMskRti samasta saMsArane parama kalyANanA saMdezA saMbhaLAvI rahe che. sanAtana dharmAMmAM hindu saMskRti AtmA che . jainadharma hRdaya che. baudhdha dharma budhdhi che. zikhadhama bAhu che. vaiSNu dharma mukha che, zaivadha mastaka che. zAkata dharma viryuM che. gANupatna dhama peTache,zaura dharma tejache, ane bIjA paNa tenA aMga upAMga samajI levA joIe. hA! te sanAtana dharmI para AdhArita hindu tatvanIvaDatAno A rIte je saMskRti potAnA judA judA sAdhanAthI duSTa vRttiene nAza karavAnI ceSTA kare che. te hindu saMskRti che. tyAga tathA bhAganA samanvaya satya devajI vidyAla'kAra bhartuharinA eka AAka che temAM kahe che ke vizvAmitra pANI ane parAzara jevA je mAtra pANI pAMdaDAM ane havA para nirvAha karatAM hatAM tevA paNa jyAre suMdara mukhavALI strI joi mehamAM phasANA ! tyAre je loko dUdha, ghI, meLavela cAkhA vigere sevana kare che, tevA lekene jo indriya sacama thAyate mAnavuM paDe ke vidhyAcaLa parvata pazu pANImAM tI zake ! AvI sthitimAM mAnavanA udhdhAra karavA mATeja hindu saMskRtimAM tyAga ane seLane samanvaya karavAmAM Avye che. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga-2 bhAratIya saMskRtinA mULatatva zrI, dAdA dharmAdhikArI saMskRtinI mULa paribhASA ane lakSaNamAM ekatA che. eTalA mATe te saMskRti che ane eTale ja te manuSya ne '* sabhya '' banAvI zake che sabhyatA ane asabhyatAnuM lakSaNa zu ? ApaNe sabhya tene kahIe chIe jenAmAM sahayeAgatA hAya, jenAmAM viveka ane ziSTatA hoya. ziSyatAnA artha evA che ke bIjAnI sagavaDatA aga sAthe vahevAramAM khyAla vivekanA artha che bIjA tene agavaDatA ane aDacaNamAM nahi pADavAnI vRtti. ekavAkayamAM sabhyatA sajjanatA, ziSTatA ApaNane zikhave che temaja bIjA sAthe jIvavAnI ane AnaMdanA anubhava karavAnI kaLA zikhave che ane teja saskRtinA Adarza che sa'skRtinI mimAMsA zrI jayendrarAya bha. durakAla ane preraka zakti zuM? e aMge vicAravu joIe. A' saMskRtinuM samAja vyavasthAmAM mukhya tatva zuM? samAja rathanA mukhya be paiDAM che. ane te nara ane nArI. temAM na bheAkatA ane nArI bhAgya che. nara rakSaka ane paiDAM ekaja dazAmAM cAlavAvALA che ane eTalA mATe eka prAkrama zIla che. nArI rakSita ane pAtivrata zIla che. ane bIjAne Adhina rahevAnuM jarUrI che. purUSa sadAcAranuM sevana kare. ane srIe karavAnu satItvanuM ArAdhana ! strI ane purUSa eTakhAna. riphAI karanAra nathI paNa parasparanA pUraka che. banne samevaDa paNa nathI raNu bannenA lakSaNa samAna nathI temaja strI ane purUSa banne svataMtra paNa nathI. kAraNa ke kAla, karma ane guNane Adhina rahenAra manuSya svataMtra kevI rIte hAya zake? paNa tenA jIvana pravAhane zAstrAnumULa dharma athavA parama sadAcAra anukULa calAvAnA prayatna karavA te tenu kanya che. ApaNI saMskRti zrI rAjIva locanajI agniheAtrI bhAratIya saMskRti eka vizeTa prakArane dRSTi kANu che. dA. taH- je abhAratIya saMskRti che temAM vivAha eka karAra che parantu bhAratIya saMskRtimAM te pavitra dhArmika saMskAra che, bhAratIya saskRtina: AdhAra para je jIvana praNAlI nimita thayela che tena pragati adhyAtmakatA tarapha, pUrNa tatva tarapha Izvara tarapha ApaNA vana lakSyane lai javAnI che. Izvarane

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 277. ApaNuM karma samarpaNa karatI vakhate mokSa, paramazAMtinI prAptI, che ke tenI prAcInatAmAM jagatane kaI padArtha pitAnA rUpamAM sukhabhega mATe bhautika sAdhana AMcakavAnuM nahi, abhyadaya kAyama rahe tevI AzA rAkhI zakAya nahi. mATe aihika jIvanamAM saMsAramAM zreSThatA prApta karavI AzAo sAthe badhI rIte uccatama sabhyatAne vikAra kare sukha, bhAratIya vidyAne e badhA matamAM padArthonI vyakata saubhAgya, gaurava ane sAmarthane vadhAratuM javuM te ApaNuM satA amAnya karela che. kArya che. gotra pravara mahimA abhyadayakALamAM ajita saubhAgya ane saMpattine sUryodaya upaga vyaktigata sukha mATe nahi karatA tene deza mATe samAjanI sevAmAM leka kalyANa mATe arpaNu karI devAne amAre Arya saMskRtimAM gotra ane pravarano vicAra rAkhavAnuM Adarza che. sarvoparI mAnavAmAM AvyuM che. sanAtanI dhamI Arya jAtinI ApaNI saMskRti upara Avela AkramaNane zaurya ane rakSA mATe cAra moTA durga che. temAM pahele durgA (keTa) gotra ane pravara ke jenAthI potAnA duHkha paraMparAnuM sthira lakSaNa sAhasa sAthe sAmane kare te ApaNuM kartavya che. rahe che. bIje durga ra virya zuddhi mUlaka varNavyavasthA ke saMskRtinI zALa jemAM janmanI jAti mAnavAnI daDha AzA che. trIje durga varNavyavasthA jemAM AryajAti suvyavasthita rUpamAM Azraya dharmanI dharmamUlaka pravRttinA mArga para cAlatA paNa nivRttinI je padArtha ApaNane khodakAmathI maLyA che. athavA parAkASTAe pahoMce che. ane ethe durgA satItva mUlaka ke maLe che te zuM kharekhara te samayanA pratika hoya che ! te eka jenAthI nArI dharmanI sahAyatAthI A jAtinI pavitratA vicAra mAge tevI vAta che. sacavAya che. evuM te sthAna atyAra sudhImAM maLyuM nathI ke jyAM A cAre aTala dugamAM gotra ane pravaranA lakSya para khodavAthI mAtra patthara ane dhAtunI sAmagrI maLI hoya, badhI rahenAra prathama durga keTale mahAna ane parama Avazyaka che vastu kaI ne kaI dhAtunA mizrIta che. Aje paNa zuM sAdhunI tene A samaye prakAzita karavAnI ghaNI jarUra che. raheNI karaNI garabanI raheNI karaNI, zrImatanI raheNI karaNI eka samAna che? zuM AdivAsInAM jhUMpaDAM ane zaheranI getra ane pravaranuM mahAtma ane tenI parama AvazyamahelA eka sarakhA che? temaja bhAratanA prAMte prAMtamAM katAnuM jJAna AmAnuM kAMI na hovAthI Aja kAlanA rAjakamapaNa phera nathI ! cArI ane prajAva khUba ja viSayagALa thaI rahyo che. tenA aMtaHkaraNamAM eTaluM ajJAna chavAya gayuM che ke te pravarane tame jarA vicAro ke kaI ThekANe davAthI tyAM sAdhunI bhUlI ja gayA che. ane sagotra lagnane kAyadesara karavA mAge samAdhi hoya athavA baudhdha bhikSukenI guphA hoya te tyAM che. paNa Arya jAtinuM mukhya mahatva e che ke sRSTinA AraM mATI, pattharanA vAsaNa athavA lAkaDAnI koI vastu nIkaLaze bhathI Aja sudhI caganA assala rUpamAM Aja paNa vidyateno artha e thayo ke te samayanA leke kArIgara na hatAM! mAna che. athavA kaI jagyA e davAthI tyAM atyAranA tAtA nagaranI jema keI udyogika nagara maLe te pariNAma e Ave ke te caturyanI sRSTi ane manvatara sRSTinI vAta ja kayAM samaya mAM AkhI duniyAmAM mAtra lokhaMDaja vaparAza hatA ! che A te kalpAdi ane mahAkapAdinI AdinI sAthe sAthe Aja jyAM davAmAM Ave che tyAM evuM jaNAtu nathI getra, pravarane saMbaMdha che. kemake brahmAjInI utpattinI sAthe ke tyAranA lekenI zuM paristhati hatI.AjanA vidvAna leke ja aneka mAnasa putrathI utpanna thayelAM trASiothI ja gotra, rAvI aziSTa sAmagrIthI te samayanI pUrI kalpanA kare che pravarane saMbaMdha cAlyo Ave che. A gotra. pravaranA vijJApaNa te kalapanA tevI che. je rIte keInAnA gAmanI divAlethI nano mahimA che ke hindu jAti atyArathI Aja sudhI jIvita athavA khapeDAnA TUkaDA laIne akhA dezanI saMskRtinuM varNana che. te samayathI laI Aja sudhImAM pRthvInI lAkhe jAtio karI nAkhe ! A rIte Adhunika zodha khoLa badhI rIte apUrNa pragaTa thaI ane kALanA mukhamAM cAlI gaI paraMtu devI jagata ane zaMkAspada che. para vizvAsa karanAra varNAzrama dharmane mAnanAra pitAnI pavitra tAnI rakSA karavA mATe gotra. pravarazAM zRMkhalAnA AdhAra para hindu saMskRtinI zodha khoLa kAMkarA, patthara nA pramANuthI calinAra sanAtana dharmaprajA Aja paNa pitAnA astitvanI sAbita thAya tema nathI. saMskRtinI paramaparA eTalI prAcIna rakSA karI rahI che. Jain Education Intemational

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278 saMskRti ane navamanavAda -DaoN. zrI sadAziva kRSNa ke. jo hiMndu saMskRtinI varNavyavasthA pahelAM samAja sudhIrasa hatI to have te samAja vidyAraka krama banI jAya ! eva sa'bhava ja nathI. vaNu Sa ane jAtidveSa videzIonI rAjasatA e ane (vadezI Anu` AMdhaLuM anukaraNa karanAra ApaNA viveka hina samAja sudhArako eja vadhArela che " jAta yAta miTAdo " che nA avAja uThayA che. tenAthI jAti dveSa vadhyA che. paNa ApaNA varNAzrama dhama jevI saMyukata ane suvahevAru samAja vyavasthA anyatra kayAya paNa nathI. vRttibheda, vyavasAya bheda ane jAti bheda pAte enI meja utpanna thAya che. tenAmAM bAnu-vazika zakti ane kuzaLatA sIMcata hovAthI bacapaNathIja udyoga-dhaMdhAnI ane zikSAnI eka uttama vyavasthA thai jAya che A yAMtrika yugamAM paNa tenu mahatva ochu nathI. judI judI vyakti enA vizaSTa guNu, ka bheda, prAka saMskArAnurUpa janma sidhdha ja thayA kare che, janma pachI yathA prApta guNu, koI samAjanI vaNuM vyavasthA nakkI karavAnI vAta sarvathA avyavahArU che. ane jo evA prayatna karavAmAM Avaze teA tenAthI samAjamAM vAraMvAra kuTuMba viSNu nA prasanna upasthita thaze. janma sidhdha ba bheda mAnavA te pUrvanA karmAnu-sAra che. temAM koI ne dAkha ApI zakAtA nathI. tethI dareka karma pramANe prArabdha karmAnusAra prApta paristhitinA sattASa pUrvaka svIkAra kare che dhanetpAdaka, udyoga, dhaMdhA karavA athavA lakhapati ane karoDapati ane karoDapatti banavAnI abilASA rAkhanAra grAhyalu bhAgyeja haze. e dAkhalA muzkelIe maLaze. gAmanuM dharmanA gaLAcaraNa, Apa sattoSa ane pa vigere badhA mATe susAdhya nathI. to paNa videzI rAjasattAe nakAmA ja brAhmaNanA doSa utpanna karyAM che. hindu saMskRtinA Azraya lenAra anya ati svadharma pAlana karI raidAra, cAkhA, jIvana reAhidA, jevA paramAnI unnati dvArA brahmANIthI adhika vaibhava saMpanna banI zake che. brAhmaNeAnA janma ane kama koInA dveSa karavA athavA koi zuddha ahika svamAM che ja niha' sevAne mAnava jIvananA mukhya kartavya mAne to hindu sanAM cAre AtmAmAM gurU sevA, kuTuMba sevA dhama sevA izrva sevA vagere thayA ja kare che vAnaH prastha ae sanyAsa jevA je hi sa'nA parameAcca Adarzo che. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitAbAga-2 peAtAnA sadAcAra ane sadvicAro dvArA samAjanI je sevA kare che tenu mUlya kANu AMkI zake. atithi satkAra hindu dharmamAM atithi satkAra ziSTAcAra nahi paDyu tenA mukhya dharma che. atithine sAkSAta nArAyaNa svarUpa mAnavAmAM Ave che. gRhastha jIvananI saphaLatA te ja ke tenA dvArA atithi sevA thAya atithinAM varNa, Azrama, avasthA jovAya nahi eto ArAdhya deva che. ne ArAdhya buddhithI ja tenI sevA thavI joIe je gherathI mahemAna nirAza pA vaLe che te gRhasthanAM badhA pUchyAne te laI jAya che. ane peAtAnA badhA pApa tyAM mUkI jAya che. tethI te ghara sarpanAM dara samAna tyAjya athavA vRzcita che ke jyAM mahemAne nu svAgata thatuM nathI. AvanAra atirSi aparicita dAya, saba bI hoya tene Asana ApI pANIthI sakAravAmAM Ave. hA eTalu' sAcuM' che. AjanA kapaTa yugamAM gRhasthAe pUrepurU sAvadhAna rahevuM joie. chatAM koIpaNa Ave tyAre tene namratApUrvaka besavAnA ApatuM karavA jo tenApI kAI nirmAdha che mAtra pramAda ane ghamaMDathI ja mahemAnane anAdara sAdha na hoyato mAtra pANI pIvarAvI devuM ja paNa thAya che. dhArmika Apatti na hoyato keInAM AmaMtraNane asvIkAra atithi mATe paNa keTalAka ziSTAcArA che. jo koI karavA aziSTatA che. vaLI jene tyAM rAkavAnu che chenA AcAra tenI sagavaDatA ane tenI maryAdAnu teNe dhyAna rAkhavu joie evA vahevAra na karavA ie ke jethI tene ane tenAM kuTuMbane takalIpha thAya ApaNe jene tyAM rokAyA chIe tene ApaNI echAmAM ochI ciMtA karavI paDe. ApaNe mATe ochAmAM echI takalIpha levI paDe tevu kALajI pUrvaka dhyAna rAkhavu eIe ApaNAthI tene ane tenAM kuhu bIccAne sAca na thAya temaja tenI maryAdAno bhaMga na thAya tenuM kALajI ka dhyAna rAkhavu eIe. Aya saMskRtinI zreSDatA -5. manamAna vidyAsAgara hindu saskRtimAM prajJAcane ghaNu' mahatva apA che. strI. purUSa, hAtha matanu pAlana karI vivAha karI AvI jAtanA vivAhanuM vidhana sacetra prasidhdha che. A mAMte vivADu pachI paNa brahmacarya pAlana karavAnu tathA paMcA vaSa pachI Ata; prasthamAM jaI pAchA tapasvAmpAya dvArA brAnuM pAtrata karava Ave atha che.

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smRti sadabha graMtha vivAhu paNa brahmacarya pAlananu' eka aMgaja che. sAdhana che. khAkhara AvA AvA dhI ya che! bIjI paNa eka vicitra vAta che. A dhamamAM bahu nanA nAte ghaNA pavitra mAnavAmAM Ave che. ane te tyAM sudhI ke eka gAmanA rahenAra paNa bena-bhAinA pavitra nAtA jALave che. A pacAsa varSa pahelAM koi eka mAsa evA gAmamA jAya ke jyAM keAI tenA gAmanI dIkarI sAsare hAya to tyAM tene ghera jaI tene kAMIne kAMI kApaDAmAM ApI Ave ane tenu pariNAma e hatu ke hinduomAM vyabhinA cArInI mAtrA ghaNI ochI hatI. paraMtu bIjA koI dharmomAM bahenanA nAto khUba ja saMkucita che. saheAdara bahena sivAya bIjI kAipaNa strI sAthe lagna thai zake ane nAthI tyAM vyabhicAra khUba thAya che, sIenI lUTa thAya che. strIonI TUMka ane tene vecavAnI bAta kharyoMmAM ati kharAba manAvAmAM Ave che. hindu dharmanA AdhAra stha'ma zrI rAma nirIkSasiMhajI, sanAtana dharmanA prathama staMbha che. zrama dharma, varNAzrama dharma tathA azrama vyavasthA dvArA AcAryAe manuSya mAtranA aihika tathA paralaukika kRtyAnI pUrtinuM sulabha sAdhana prApta karyuM hatuM. nakkI karela hadanI dara nakkI karela laukika puruSArtha dvArA viko pArjana prApta karavuM tathA satata kalAenA sukSma anusadhAna dvArA samAjanuM hita jALavavAno vastu vyavasthAno uddeza che. brADAnA dhama to badhA prakAranA jJAna meLavI nA zukta jIvana nirvAha sAthe sAthe samAjamAM vizuddha jJAnanA pracAra karavA thA yajJAdi dhArmika kriyAo dvArA adhikAranusAra dhA manudhdhAne sahAya karavI. AvA brahmAnA baghu pASaUnI javAbadArI samAja para hatI athavA khetI athavA gau nA adhikArI vaizyA para hatI. tuccha indriya sukhA tarapha durlakSa karI tapAmaya AdhyAtmika ciMtanazIla ane zrRti karanAra tyAgI ane sada~ArI brAhmaNa leke samAjamAM thA pravacana dva rA sadAcAra pracAra kAyama karatA rahetA. agata paisA meLavavA zaivA kayAreya sanmAna tyAga karatA ni tyAre to rAja karanAra tenI AMgaLInA IzArA upara nAcatA ne? ane AkhA samAja tenA paga para natamastaka raheto te hindudharma ane hindu samAjanI utkrapTatAnI parAkASThA hatI. saMskRtinI khaDatA -AcAya zrI kSitimohana sena AkhA bhAratamAM badhA divasomAM traNavAra eka ja gAyatrInI sa dhanA thAya che eka ja ziva viSNu ane devI judA prakAranA bhAvethI sarvatra pukhtatha che; eka ja rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata, purANu ane bhAgavatanA judA judA pradezAmAM pATha thAya che eka ja gayAnA vitha mAM badhAnA mukhya pitR kRtya thAya che. eka ja kAzImAM badhA dvArA zivAnA thAya che. eka ja hiradvAra ane prayAga adhA mATe niyasthAna che. zamA bhAratamAM eka ja gIta goviMdanu gAna thAya che. kRSNa karNAmRta" nA raciyatA karNATakanA bilvamaMgaLa to ApaNA badhAnA che mahA prabhu badhA zAsro vahAvI dakSiNa dezamAM te "kRSNa karNAmRta" ane brahmasa'hitA" saMgraha karI lAvyA hatAM zrIrAma ane zrIkRSNe samasta bhAratamAM sarvatra pUjita che. eka ja dazakama` bhAratamAM satra pracalita che. AmAM prAdezikatAnA vAMdhA kayAM che ? 279 koI paNa devatAnI pUjA karavAmAM Ave, cAre dhA arthAta uttara, dakSiNa, pUrva ane pazcima AkhA bhAratanA ceArAzI tirthAMnA pANIthI ISTa devatAne abhiSeka karAvyA vinA te abhiSeka pUrNa thatA nathI. zrI zakarAcAye` AkhA bhArata mATe peAtAnA dazanAmI sapradAyanI sthApanA karI tenA cAra maTha bhAratanA uttara, dakSiNA, pUrva, pazcimamAM taimura, hiMmAlaya, dvArakA ane pUrImAM pratiddhi karyAM. himAlaya badrInAthanA brAhmaNa ( pureAhita ) malabAranA che tAMtrIka to samasta bhArata varSane ekaja jagata mAtAnA pUnya daMDa jANI bAvana pIDA mAM bAvana atra mAne che. te pIsthAnAmAM hiMgaLAja, balucIstAnamAM kAmarUpa AsAmamAM, kanyA kumArIthI vAsA mukhI sudhI peja devInA aMga che. 6 nAM akhaMDa ne zuM ApaNe khakti karI zakIe chIe eka ja ziva ekaja viSNu, bhAratanI cAre dizAmAM dhArANI kSetromAM vijita che. tene ApaNe pati kevI rIte karI zakIe ?taMtra kaheche ke bAvana pITha ApaNA ja daiDa che. ApaNe kevI rIte ApAneja khaMDita karI zu? saMskRtinuM Ahistra bhArata -zrI viSNurI vara hindu dezanu prAcIna nAma bhArata che. sAmAnya khyAla evA che ke duyata ane zakuntalAnAM putra bharatanAM nAma parathI mA dezanuM nAma bhArata paDayuM. pachI A bhArata pahelA be bIjA bharata paNa thayA che. prAcIna vaMzAvaLImAba ane tenI ni jayaMtInu nAma Ave che. tene 10 putra hatA dhA moTTA putranuM nAma bharata hatu. tenAja nAma parathI. A dezanuM nAma bhArata badhA paDyuM. huM bhAgavata pa; vAyu purANu 1/33 para brAMDa purANu 24 liMga purA 147 24 viSNu purANu 21 32 )

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280 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 trIjA tvaSTAnAM putra bharata vizva rUpanI kanyA paMcajanI karAMcI jelamAM jyAre alIbhAIone maLavA mATe bAbA sAthe tene vivAha thayA. ane pAMca putra thayA sumati, rASTa- gurUdattasiMha gayA hatA tyAre dharmanI carcA karatA maulAnA ta, sudarzana, AvaraNa ane dhUmaketu te bhAratanA maraNa pachI mahamadaalI e kahyuM hatuM ke saMsAramAM koI paNa musalamAna tenuM rAjya tenAM pAMca putrone vaheMcI dIdhuM tenA pahelA A para kaI paNa jAtanuM saMkaTa AvI jAya te dareka musalamAnanI. dezanuM nAma "ajanAbhavaSa" hatuM pRthunAma vaidika sAhityamAM te pharaja thAya che ke tenI sahAya mATe mATe te doDI jAya. Ave che tene Adi rAjA kahe che. tenA nAmathI A dharatInuM bAbA gurUdattasiMha tenA para pitAne zikha dharmano nAma "pRthvI " paDyuM. te potAne bharata kahetA hatA tenA paricaya A paricaya ApatA batAvyuM ke zikhene te dharma che ke kaI paNa pachI trIje durgaMta bharata thayo anvedamAM keTalAka sthaLoe manuSya para bhalene te zIkha IsAI, pArasI game te hoya paNa bharata nAmanA kuLa ane vaMzane ullekha che. paMcaviza brAhmaNa, ke : che? koI anyAya athavA atyAcAra thatuM hoya to tenI madada mATe etareya brAhmaNa, zatayatha brAhmaNa, ane taitirIya araNyakamAM chiche, de 2 tenA yajJa samAraMbhanuM varNana che bhAratI devI tenA kuLadevI hatA. tene sarasvatI paNa kahe che. sarasvatI nadI sAthe paNa paNa hindu dharmamAM mAnava samAjanAMja nahi tete tene sabaMdha che. paMcajana bhAratI prajA bharatAsa ! Adi nAma akhila prANi jagatanAM saMkaTa dUra karavA mATe che. has, anu, yarU ane purU vigerenAM vaMzajo mATe Apela che. -hindu saMskRti ane gorakSA je didAse siMdhu nadInA pazcima taTathI pUrva tarapha digvijaya -lAlAzrI haradevajI rAmajI karyo te bharata kuLanAM rAjA hatAM. saMskRta ane sAhityane ghaNo sabaMdha che. ApaNuM prAcIna -mahAtmA gAMdhI ane hindu saMskRti sAhitya gaumahimAthI bhareluM che. temaja temAM brAhmaNa tathA gAyanuM ghaNuM mahattva batAvyuM che. rAjA nahuSe pitAnuM mUlya -5. lakSamaNu nArAyaNajI gade gAya barAbara gaNyuM. maharSi cyavane gAyanAM mahattvane rAjya tathA saMsAranAM badhA padArtho thI vadhAre batAvela che. cakravatI mahAtmA gAMdhI te vAtanuM pramANa che ke hindu saMskRti rAjA dilIpa gaurakSA mATe pitAnuM zarIra ApavA taiyAra thayA keI sAMpradAyika cIja nathI. te eTalI sArvabhema che. jeTalI hatA. pUrNa karyA avatAra bhagavAna zrIkRSNa svayaM. gAye cArI koIpaNa cIja sArvabhauma thaI zake nahi ApaNe jene hiMdu ApaNI sAme gausevAne Adarza batAvyA, dharma kahIe chIe te paNa koI sAMpradAya dharma nathI te kaI deza. kAma ke vyaktithI baMdhAyela nathI sArvabhauma che. sanA- ApaNA zAstramAM gauvaMzane mahattvanA ja nahIM. tenI tana che. ane prANI mAtra mATe che. "hinda" nAma avazya upayogItA bAbata paNa khUbakhUba varNana maLe che. dezika che. para pratyayathI hoya athavA sva pratyayathI A dezanuM pAraskara gRhasUtranAM trIjA kAMDanI navI keDikAmAM sArA nAma hindu che. paNa A deza vizvane potAnAthI alaga nathI ane kharAba sAMDhanAM lakSaNa lakhyA che. brahma vaivata, agni, karate. mahAtmA gAMdhInuM nAma paNa eka vyaktinuM nAma che. bhaviSya, padya mahatya, vigere purANamAM gAyanAM IlAja paNa te nAmanI je vyakti che. te mAnava samAjane pitAnAthI gAyanAM dudhanAM guNa ThekaThekANe Ape che. alaga nathI karatA. ghana 4 navaraM ghAgha ravA saMgha aita dA kahIne mahAtmA gAMdhIne te vAtane garva hatuM ke ame hinda gauvaMzane ApaNe artha zAstrane mukhya AdhAra batAvela che, chIe te pitAne sanAtanI hindu kahevarAvatA hatA paNa tenAthI gauvaMzathI ApaNe saMskRti saMbaMdha ja nahi Arthika vyavasthA kaI sAMpradAyikatAnI gaMdha nathI temAM kaI sAMpradAyaka ahaMkAra temaja zArIrika svAsthane AdhAra hovAne kAraNe paNa ApaNe hate nahi. te evI vAtanuM pramANa che ke te hindu sAMpradAyika gAyanI jarUrata samajAya che. barAbara bAdazAhe te gauvaMzane rAjyane kAyama rAkhavAnuM mukhya sAdhana jANI pitAnA putra hatA nahIM. tenA hadayamAM badhA mATe nirmaLa prema hate je potAnA deza mATe athavA jAti mATe hoya mahAtmAjI potAne hamAyune gaurakSAnI vizeSa AjJA ApI. rAjanaitika mahatva hindu kahetA hovA chatAM pitAne IsAI musalamAna, pArasI - badhAne anubhava karatA hatA. khilAphata upara saMkaTanAM samayamAM kaI paNa jAtine nAza karavA mATe tenI saMskRtine tenuM hRdaya musalamAnanAM hRdaya sAthe eka thaI gayuM jekeslAviyA naSTa karavAnuM jarUrI che. hindu saMskRtine nAza karavA mATe nuM nRtya karavA mATe te taiyAra thaI gayA. briTananA prAlA rAvaNe potAnA anucadvArA gAya tathA brAhmaNono nAza jyAre jarmana AkramaNanA dhakakAthI saMkaTamAM paDI gayA tyAre karavAno prayatna karyo hate, kula vIkAsajIe lakhyuM che ke azatraDha pANi mahAtmA gAMdhInA prANa briTananA marmasthAnamAM " jehi dehi deza ghenu dvija pAvaDI, nagara, grAma, pura bali pahoMcI gayA. pAva hI" hovA chatA jAti nuM nirmaLa S6 sAMpradAra naSTa karavAnuM acakAra ( kIDAe Ara azi Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 281 - aMgrejoe paNa A prAcIna saMskRti no nAza karavA jaihara racI patidharma sAbita karI batAvyo che. jenI prasaMzA mATe videzomAM carabI, cAmaDAne nikAsa vadhArI gauvadhana karatA kavivara kezarIsiMhe lakhyuM che. protsAhana ApyuM. pazcimI sabhyatA ane tenA pracArathI tathA padaminI tere rUpake, rahyo anupama hAla aMgrejI zikSA dvArA te hindu emAM paNa saMskRtinA prabhAvathI ke nirakhI rAvaLa ratana, ke jehara karI jalAla gAyanuM eka rUMvADu paNa kApavAmAM pApa sa jatA hatAM, je gaurakSA pitAnuM parama kartavya mAnanAra ane te mATe sarvasva dhanya che. AryanArIne ane tenA tyAga ane tamaya ApavA taiyAra thanAra, A badhAthI tenAmAM eTaluM parivartana jIvanane! thayuM ke Aja tenAmAM keTalAM keo gau-vadha no khule pracAra karI gaurakSA dezane hAnikAraka batAva nuM samarthana suvA -hindu dharmane islAma para prabhAva pahoMcyA. -zrI hajarata lAja rahamAnI "phiradostabAbA" heDa ko lekenA zabdomAM aMgrejI zikSA thI hindu dharma ja saMsAramAM prAcIna dharma che. te eka prasiddha zarIra te bhAratIya rahyuM paNa saMskRti naSTa prAya: thavAthI tenA ane pratyakSa che. keIpaNa Itiha, sa vettA Aja sudhI tenAthI hadaya ane mAthA pUre pUrA pazci . nI gayA." ane eTalAja prAcIna keIpaNa dharmanI kheAja nathI karI zakyA. tenAthI te mATe Aja ApaNI sarakAra hovAthI pa govadha baMdha thayo nathI sAbita thAya che ke hindu dharmamAM ja badhA sAbita thAya che ke hindu dharma ja badhA dharmonuM ugama sthAna che; badhA dharmoe kaIne kaI rUpamAM hindumAtAnA dUdhAmRtanuM hindu saMskRtimAM vivAno Adarza pAna kaDu che jemake dula dAsajInuM vacana che ke-zrImati vidyAdevIjI mahedaya dha kisAna saraveda nija, jAne kheta saba sIMca" AjakAla vivAhanI je rIte cAlI che tenAthI vivAhanI arthAta veda eka sarovara che jemAMthI judA judA mata pavitratA cAlI gaI che. 25 thI 30 varSa sudhI kanyAne avivAhita rAkhavAthI tenuM tuM ya pAtivRtti saMskArathI upayukata matAnA samarthaka pati rUpI kisAna leke pitAnA rahetu nathI ApaNA zAstramAM vivAhano samaya hatu darzana mata (saMpradAra.) rUpI khetarane sIMcatA rahe che. 5tA nA che ane A viSayamAM badhA smRti tAro eka mata che. uparanA siddhAMtAnusAra IslAmane paNa hindumAtAnA kanyAnA vivAha radarzana pahelAM thaI javA joIe tenuM ja putra mAnavA paDe che, te vAtanA aneka A rItanA ItikAraNa thoDo vicAra karavAthI spaSTa thAya che. vadhumAM bAvavuM kanyAnA phI hAsa pra' paNa che. jenA baLa para siddha karavAmAM Ave che ke strItvanI pUrNatA batAve che tatvanI pUrNatA thavAthI kanyAnI dRSTi che S" islAmane AdhAra ja hindu dharma che. paraMtu sthaLa saMkecanA puruSa tarapha jAya te svAbhAvika che ane te prakRtinA niyamane kAraNe A kAraNe A viSayane vistAra pUrvaka nahi lakhatA. mAtra eTaluM anukuLa ja che. eTalA mATe kanyA potAne strI rUpamAM ja batAvA mAgu chuM ke mULa hindu dharma ane islAmamAM varatu anubhava karatA puruSa rUpamAM potAnA patine juve, paNa anya kaI bheda nathI banne eka ja che. IslAma dvArA arabI sabhyapuruSa para tenI bhega vRtti utpanna ja na thAya te Adarza tAnuM anukaraNuM thavAne kAraNe ja bane judA thaI gayA che. sIva nI rakSA mATe rajodarzana pahelAM kanyAnA vivAha karI vAstavika siddhAMta che koI paNa dezanI sabhyatA ane devA AjJA baMdhA mahA oe Apela che. saMskRti pUrNa rUpe dharmAnukuLa ja hoya che paraMtu bhArata sivAya hindu saMskRtimAM nArI dharmano utkarSa bIjA koI paNa dezamAM A siddhAMtanuM anusaraNa nathI karavAmAM AvatuM ulaTu tenAthI viparita dharmane ja pitAnA dezanI -kavibhUSaNa jagadiza pracalita sabhyatAnA raMgamAM raMgavAne prayatna karavAmAM Ave che. nArI sRSTinI C pAdika patipAlikA che. ane duHkhamAM jo keI dharma pravartake sabhyatAne dhanukuLa batAvAnA zAMtvanA denAra che. kAMTAthI bharelA mArgane sUgama prayatna karyo te paNa tenA jIvanano aMta AvatA ja tenA banAva pADe che 1 dAme ya neha sukha saritAnuM 9gama sthAna che. ane patinA vAsadhI johara racI dehanu balidAna anuyAyIo potAnA dezanI pracalita AMdhaLI prItinA prabhAvathI denAra che. sabhyatAnA dAsAnudAsa banAvI dIdhuM. ' arehindu nArInuM kyAM sudhI varNana karavuM ApaNe zrI mahamaMdajInI jAtamAM samAvyA pachI ilAma tyAM gAgI jevI viduSI nArIo utpana thaI che. ke jeNe sAthe paNa tevA vartAva karavAmAM Avyo mAtra evA ja kAraNathI vedanI nacAo nAta karI che. padminI jevI vIrAMganAoe hindudharma ane islAmamAM moTu aMtara paDI gayuM. Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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282 hindu saskRti ane zIkha saMpradAya "jJAnI satasiMhajI protama hindu saMskRti eka dhArA che jeneA pravAha sRSTinA janmathI zAndhanarUpe cAlyA Ave che tenA pravAhane rokanAra peAte ja te pravAhamAM taNAyA che. hindu dharmI athavA bhArata dhama eka udyAna che. tenAmAM bhakti, yeAga, ka, upAsanA, jJAna ityAdi keTalAya vRkSe vidyamAna che. mugala sAmrAjyanA samayamAM hindu saMskRtinA rakSaNa mATe bhAratanA judA judA prAMtemAM bhaktinI eka lahera uDI hatI. paMjAbamAM tenA janmadAtA bAbAnAnaka thayA. teNe pote pAtAnI tapasyA, bhakti ane jJAnanA prabhAvathI hindu saMskRtine sikkA, makkA, bagadAda ane khIjA dezeAmAM paNa prabhAva jamAbyA te samayanuM varNana khuda gurujI A zabdomAM kahe che kalIkAtI rAje kasAi dhama pa`khakara uDI rayA phUDa amAvasa sacca candramA dIse nAhI karI caDhiyA khAkhA gaNeza siMhujI vedI peAtAnI racela nAnaka janma sAkhImAM gurUjI nA janmane hetu te prAcIna vicAra dhArAnI rakSA lekhe che. rAja vinAza bhaye nRpa hinduna paryAM jAye turakAnA vAta gavAki pAtaka pura, heAna lage utpAta mahAnA deza upara saMkaTa joI guru gAviMdasihe te bhakti saMpradAyane eka zUravIra senAmAM piraNata karyAM tene deza ane bhAratIya saMskRti nA rakSaka banAvyA. te saMpradAya AjathI pacAsa varSa pahelAM pete petAnA deza sthApI. senA samajate hatA, paraMtu videzI enI kuTila nItinA cakakaramAM phasAya ane rAjasattAnI lAlacamAM keTalAMka zikhabhAie peAte pAtA judA-judA mAnavA lAgyA. guru tega bahAdurajIe hindu saMskRtinI rakSA mATe ja dilhImAM ziza ApyuM hatuM, gaMgA, yamunAnu pANI --ga'gAza'karacha mizra gaMgAjaLanA svAsthya saMba'dhI guNA para ApaNe khUba bhAra dIdhA che, ane te guNeA para mugdha thai videzIo ane hindu sivAyanA lokoe patra tene apanAvela che. sulatanA mahumA~da taghalakha mATe gaMgAjaLa kharAkhara rIte daulatAbAda mekalAtuM tene tyAM pahoMcavAmAM 40 divase lAgatA (gIbsakRta aMgrejI anuvAda pR. 183) mugala bAdazAhu akabarazAhane te gaMgAjaLa pratye anada prema hato. abula phajhala peAtAnA " AIne akabarI'' eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitAbhAga-2 mAM lakhe che ke bAdazAhu gaMgAjaLane amRta samaje che. ane tenI kharAbara vyavasthA rAkhavA mATe teNe yeAgya vyaktione niyukta karela che. te vadhu pItA nathI paNa tenA tarapha tenu vadhu dhyAna rahe che; gharamA tathA yAtrAmAM gaMgAjaLa pIve che. keTa lAMka vizvAsapAtra mANase gaMgAtaTa para geDavAyelA rahe che. ke te ghaDAmAM gAMgAjaLa bharI tenA para maheAra mArI niyamita mokalatA rahe. jyAre bAdazAhanI rAjadhAnI AgrA athavA tehapura sIphrImAM rAkhavAmAM AvI te tyAM gaMgAjaLa sArethI Avatu hatu ane jyAre pAma jatAM tyAre gaMgAjaLa haradvArathI AvatuM. rasoimAM vAparavA vajaLa athavA jamanA jaLamAM ga'gAjaLa meLavI rasAimAM te pANIne upayoga thato. akabaranAM dhArmika vicAra kAMika judA prakAranAM hatA. ane eTalAthI tene gaMgAjaLamAM zraddhA hoya temAM navAI nahi paNa madhAthI majAnI vAta to e che ke kaTTara musalamAna aura 'gajhebanu kAmapaNu gaMgAjaLa vinA thatuM nahi. phrAMsI niyara je bhAratamAM sane 1459-67 sudhI rahyAM hatA ane je zAhajAdA dArAzi kehanA cikitsaka hatAM teNe potAnA yAtrA vivaraNamAM lakhyuM che ke dilhI ane AgrAmAM orgajheba mATe khAvA pIvAnI sAmagrI sAthe gaMgAjaLa paNa rahetu hatuM. pravAsamAM paNa tene prabaMdha rahe che. bAdazAha te ja nahIM paNa anya darabArIe paNa gaMgAjaLanA upayega karatA, vadhumAM aneiara lakhe che ke gaMgAjaLauMTa upara lAdI te barAbara sAthe rAkhavAmAM Avatu kAyama savAre nA .. sAthe eka pyAlA gaMgAjaLanA paNu apAtA prayAsamAM mevA, phaLa, miThAI, gaMgAjaLa vi.ne ThaMDA rAkhavAnA paNa pratra dha hatA. phrAMsIsa pravAsI Teninayare paNa te divaseAmAM bhArata Avela hatA. teNe lakhyu che ke gaMgAjaLanAM svAsthaya sabaMdhI guNA joI musalamAna navAba tene barAbara upayAga karatA kaptAna aDavaDa sura je briTiza senAmAM hatA. ane jeNe TIpu sultAna sAthe yuddhamAM bhAga lIdho hato te lakhe che ke zAhe navaranAM navAkha mAtra gagAjaLa pItA hatA. tene lAvavA mATe keTalAka To vagere rAkhatA (naiTiva pR. 248) IbIbatRtAe sane 1325-54mAM AphrikA tathA ezi yAnA keTalAMka dezonA pravAsa karyAM hatA temAM te bhArata paNa AvelA te peAtAnA pravAsa varNanamAM lakhe che ke- zrI gulAma hurone peAtAnA baMgalAnA hita hAsamAM "riyAjI-sa salAtInamAM lakhyu che ke madhuratA svAda ane halakA paNAmAM gaMgAjaLa samAna khIjuM koI pANI nathI.

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"saMskRtino prabhAva ane parivartano" yazavaMta kaDIkara prAcIna bhArate sAskRtinA kSetre je sidadhIo hAMsala tattva baMddhadharmano umero thaye ane vyApAra tathA caDhAI karI hatI te parathI itihAsakAroe tene prAcIna vizvanI dvArA zarU thayelA sAMskRtika saMbaMdhamAM ora vadhAre thaye. sauthI samRdhdha" saMskRti kahIne tenuM gaurava karyuM che, paraMtu A sAMskRtika saMbaMdhane kAraNe baMne bAjue ze lAbha thaye bhAratanI gauravagAthA ATalethI aTakatI nathI. teNe te te jovA mATe pahelAM ApaNe bhAratIya saMskRti para pAzcAtya pitAnI pAse je saMskRtino vAraso ho te paDozI dezomAM saMskRtinI asaranI vAta karIzuM, ane tyAra pachI e badhA chUTe hAthe vaheMcyo che. kudarate tene pUrva ane pazcimanA deze deza para bhAratIya saMskRtinI asaranuM pRththakaraNa karIzuM. vacce madhya vatasthAna seMpI jANe ke e baMne saMskRtionuM milana sthAna ahIM ja javuM hoya tema lAge che. tenA A pAzcAtya deze dakSiNa karatAM uttara bhAratanA pradeza viziSTa sthAnane kAraNe bhAratIya saMskRtine phelAve pazcima, sA sAthe vadhAre saMparkamAM AvyA hatA, te tyAMnA zAsanataMtra, madhyapUrva ane agni eziyAnA dezamAM AsAnIthI thaI samAja vyavasthA ane sAhitya tathA kalA para tenI paDelI zakya che. alabatta bhAratanA bhaugolika sthAna uparAMta bIjA asara parathI joI zakAya tema che. mauryazAsanataMtra para IrAnI tae paNa bhAratIya saMskRtinA phelAvAmAM mahattvane bhAga zAsana vyavasthAnI asare spaSTapaNe joI zakAya che. maurya lIdhe che. temAM (2) bauddha dharma, ane (2) vyApArI pravRtti sannI samrATonI pachInA rAjavIo pitAne "devaputra" tarIke oLaene mukhya gaNI zakAya. A be tane lIdhe bhArata pUrva khAve che tathA meTA moTA khitAbe dhAraNa kare che. te grIka ane pazcimanA dezo sAthe gADha saMparkamAM AvyuM ane temanI ane tenI ane romana praNAlikAonI asara hoya tema lAge che. A sAthe sAMskRtika Apa-le mAM utaryu alabatta A prakriyAthI uparAMta rAjAonA darabArI bhapakAmAM ApaNane IrAnA bhAratIya saMskRtine to lAbha thaye ja; paraMtu tenA karatA vadhAre zAhanuM anukaraNa thayeluM jovA maLe che. lAbha te pADozI dezanI saMskRtione thaye. e badhI saMskRtio bhAratIya raMge eTalI badhI raMgAI gaI ke pAchaLathI te ja rIte grIka, zaka-palava. kuzAna vigere paradezItemanuM muLa svarUpa nakakI karavAnuM vidvAne mATe muzkela thaI enA saMparkanI asara bhAratIya samAja para spaSTapaNe joI zakAya che. paradezIonA saMsargane kAraNe kapaDAne vIMTavAne paDyuM. tene kAraNe viddhAnee A badhA pADozI dezone badale le che, e va keTa, blAujha vigera sIvelAM kapaDAM tathA bhAratane ja bhAga gaNI e samagra vistArane " vizALa bhArata" sapheda cAMmaDAnA UMcI eDIvALA bUTa paheravAnI prathA zarU mATe ane bhAratIya saMskRti mATe A eka ati gauravapada thaI dADhI ane mUcha mUMDavAnI phezana zarU thaI. strIo sethAmAM bInA gaNe, zakAya. siMdura pUravA lAgI, ane zarIre lepa lagADavAnuM tathA citaje A viSaya ghaNe rasika che. bahu prAcIna samayathI rAmaNa karavAnuM te sAmAnya thaI paDayuM. lekenA gharanA phani. (cheka siMdhu saMskRtinA samayathI) bhAratIya prajAne IrAna, caramAM paNa paradA, maccharadAnI, khurazI, sephA, kabATa tathA mesopoTemiyA, i. 8pta ane grosa tathA roma sAthe vyApArI kUladAnIone vadhAro thayo. khorAkamAM phaLanA rasa tathA judI saMbaMdha sthA, nA hatuM. temAM vaLI IrAnane zAha sAMyarasa judI jAtanA AsavAno zokha vadhate gayA. usa, gAyana, ane dayArasanI cAIthI IrAna sAthenA ane sikaMdaranI vadana nRtya, nATaka, madArI, bAjIgara, naTo ne male kenA caDhAIthI grIsa sAcenA saMbaMdhamAM vadhAro thaye A uparAMta AnaMdane vadhAranArA thaI paDayA, pazcimanA deza sAthe dhIkhate grIsa yavane, zaka pahala ne kuzAne bhAratamAM AvyA tyAre vepAra cAlatuM hoI tathA vyApAranuM pAsuM anukuLa hoI uparokta saMbaMdhe vistRta thayA, eTaluM ja nahIM paraMtu A vadhatI jatI Arthika samRddhine kAraNe lokonuM jIvana vadhAre lekedvArA pAzcAtya saMskRtie bhAratamAM paNa sAro pagapesAra vaibhavIne vilAzI tathA vaividhyapUrNa banyuM. karyo. sAhityane kalAnI dRSTie joIe te, IrAnanI ere. ca: rIte pAzcAtya dezo sAthe bhArata (1) vyApAra ane mika lipimAMthI uttarabhAratanA brAmI tathA kharoSTI lipio (2) caDhAIo dvArA saMparkamAM AvyuM hatuM, paraMtu maurya samrATa UtarI AvI che. zilpakalAmAM gAMdhAra zailInI kalAne prAdurbhAva azokanA vakhatamAM jyAre A dezamAM bauddha sAdhuo dharma thaye, temAM grIka kalAnI asara spaSTa che. e ja rIte hiMdamAM pracAra arthe pharI vaLyA tyAre uparokata be tamAM eka bIjuM sikkA pADavAnI kalA grIka ane mana prajAnA saMparkane Jain Education Intemational

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284 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga-2 : madAromAM bhAratIya vasAta phaLa. * kAraNe A 36 para pazu asara che, paraMtu te AbhArI che. grIka yavanonA saMparka pachI hiMdanA sikkAomAM zamAM bhAratIya saMskRtinA prabhAva viSe ghI agatyanI mAhitI rAjavInI AkRta lakhANamAM suzobhana tathA nizcita AkAra prApta thaI che ane te mATe kharekhara bhArata A vidvAnonuM ane nizcita vajana dAkhala thayAM. vaLI IrAnI suvarNasikkA RNI che. dineriyasa parathI dinAra ane kakSamAM para nI dramma jevA samrATa azoka, minenDara ane kaniSkanA samayamAM madhya sikkAonAM paradezI nAmo paNa A saMparkane lIdhe ja bhAratamAM eziyAnA aphaghAnIstAnathI mAMDIne mAMgeliyA sudhInA pradeza pracalita thayAM bhAratIya khagoLA para thIka ane ramata asara che te "ramaka tathA pauSi" ddhiAMto parathI joI zakAya sAthe bhArata rAjakIya rIte saMkaLAyeluM hatuM tene kAraNe A che. keTalAka vidvAne mAne che ke carakanA Ayurveda para pazu vasAhato dvArA bhAratIya kalA, sAhitya ane dharma A grIka vaidakazAstranI asara che, paraMtu te sAbita karI zakAya pradezamAM phelAyAM hatAM, aphaghAnistAna, IrAna, pUrvaturkastAna tevA nakkara purAvAo maLatA nathI. ane meMgeliyAnA A badhA pradeza bhArata ane cIna vacce mAma bhAratIya saMskRtie pAzcatyA dezanI saMskRtio eka sAMkaLanI garaja sAratA. A sAMkaLadvArA vyApArI vaNajhAro thI : meLavyuM che. paraMtu teNe jeTaluM meLavyuM che. tenA ane phI-hiyAna, hyu-ena- tsAMga tathA (bhAratamAMthI cIna karatAM anekagaNuM teNe pAzcAtya dezane ApyuM che, te eka gayelA) AcArya kumArajIva jevA yAtrALuo baMne dezo vacce hakIkata che. ahIM TUMkamAM bhArate pazcimane zuM ApyuM tenI pharyA hatA. noMdha karIe. prAcIna bhArate te samaye pAzcAtya dezanI rAka, badhA pradeza para bhAratIya saMskRtinI keTalI badhI pizAka ane AbhUSaNa paratvenI ruci ghaDavAmAM ghaNe bhAga asara hatI, te bamiyAna, aphaghAnistAna, haThThA, khera-khAneha, bhajavyo haze, tema bhAratanA tejAnA, attara, malamale ane khetAna jevA keTalAye pradezomAM geDArDa, bekina, ri vana, ratnathI ahIM jabarI mAMga hatI, te parathI mAnI zakAya. levI vigere phenca saMzodhakee zodhI kADhelA avaze parathI ( 2) grIka tattvajJAna para bhAratIya tatvajJAnanI ghaNI asara jovA maLe che. A avazeSamAM buddhanI bhavya mUrtAio, stUpe, jovA maLe che. prasidhdha grIka tattvajJAnI pAyathAgorase pitAne bhita citravALI guphAo, ziva ane sUryanAM maMdira ane punamane sidhAMta bhAratIya tattvajJAnamAMthI lIdho hoya tema mati e vire maLI AvyAM che. A uparAMta bhujapatra para mAnavAmAM A che. te ja rIte dhIsa, sIriyA vigere dezapara lAkaDAnA kakaDA ane cAmaDAM tathA kAgaLa ane rezama para audha dharmanI asaro sArI rIte jovA maLe che. keTalAya pAlI tathA saMskRta bhASAmAM lakhAyelI keTalIka hastaprata paNa vijJAnIo mAne che ke khristI dharmanA siddhAMta para baudhdha maLI AvI che. sara eTalaskInane maLI AvelI eka bauddha dharmanA siddhAMtanI gADha apara che. baudha nItya ane khristI cakAmAM ja 2,000 hastapratone dastAvejo tathA 554 citra devaLanI bAMdhaNImAM temane sAmya dekhAyuM che; te khristI maThomAM hatAM. temAM 3,000 graMthe. te saMskRtamAM hatA, ne 500 te kaThina tapazcaryAmaya jIvana gALatA judA judA saMpradAyanA baudhdha dharmanA ja graMthe hatA. A hastapratomAM bhIma, naMdasAdhuomAM teo bodha saMdhatI zistanI asara nihALe che. sena. zAmasena, upajIva jevAM bhAratIya nAme tathA cara, dUta keTalAka khristI dharmanA netAoe buddhanAM nAme dhAraNa karelA jevA adhikArIonAM nAma parathI ahIMne vahIvaTa bhAratIya jovA maLe che. ane khuda buddhane pagu "senTa josapheTa' nAme praNAli mujaba tathA bhAratIone hastaka ja cAlatA haze ApI khristI sa temAM sthAna maLeluM jovA maLe che. tema kahI zakAya. dharma ane tatvajJAna uparAMta sAhityakSetre bhArate paMca. khetAnanI 17 mAIla dUra thI eka ja peDI vAta taMtrane vArtAo ane jAtakakathAo pazcimane bheTa ApI che. bhASAmAM ane bhAratanI vAyaba sarahade pracalita evI baM jenA parathI yurepanI aneka bhASAonI lekakathAonuM sarjana lipimAM mahAyAna paMthIo dvArA lakhAyelAM dhammapa' . thayuM che. te ja rIte Araba dvArA bhAratIya aMke, zUnyanI hastaprata maLI AvI che. e ja rIte tuphenamAMthI IkunI pahelI saMjJA, dazAMza paddhati tathA tiSa zAstra ane vaidika zAstronA sadImAM saMskRtamAM lakhAyelAM traNa baudha nATake maLI AvyuM. siddhAMto pazcimanA dezamAM phelAyA hatA. tathA temaNe pazcimanA che, temAM eka "sArI putra prakaraNama ' baudha paMDA aAve nuM dezanI saMskRttinA dareka kSetre bhAratIya saMskRtino prabhAva lakheluM che. ahIM thI maLI Ave nI mUtao mAM mayurA zerInA spaSTapaNe jovA maLe che. mUrtionuM pramANa vizeSa che. teja rIte ahIMnA bhitacitra bhAratIya citro sAthe ghaNu maLatAM Ave che je ke IrAna, ja paraMtu bhArata taraphanuM A deNuM tyAMnA vidvAnoe bIjI tathA cInI asaro para sArA pramANamAM jovA maLe che. rIte bharapAI karI ApyuM che tema kahevuM joIe. kAraNa, sara orala sTIna, granaveDela, likeka jevA pAzcAtya vidvAnoe TUMkamAM, madhya eziyAnA A samagra pradezamAM eka kALe madhya eziyAmAM je kaMI saMzodhana karyA te parathI A prade- saMskRtino havA phelAI gaI hatI. tene mATe javAbadAra mukhya Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 285 tattava hatuM bauddha dharma, phAhiyAna ane huM ena-tsAMga jyAre ja nahe. baMgALamAM te vakhate pAlavaMzanA rAjAonuM A pradezamAM thaIne bhArata AvyA tyAre ahi bauddhadharma zAsana cAlatuM teone baudha-dharma pratye ghaNI sahanuM ghaNe prabaLa hatuM. te vakhate ahIMnA kAra zAhara, lepanera, bhUti hatI, tethI tibeTa ane baMgALa vacce saMbaMdha ghaNe kucI, balaka, kAlgara ane khetAnamAM Thera Thera boddha maTha ane vaLyA hate. tibeTI sAdhuone nAlaMdA ane tyAra pachI vikramatu tA sAdhu sAdhvIonAM ToLAM jovA maLatAM hatAM. khetA- zIlA vidyApIThamAM pAla rAjAo taraphathI badhI ja sagavaDatA namAM Avele gamatI vihAra e vakhate samagra madhya eziyAmAM karI ApavAmAM AvatI. bauddhadharmanA abhyAsa mATe prasiddha thaye hatuM ane keTalAka tibeTamAM bauddha dharmanA pracArathI khuda bauddha dharmane cInI yAtrALuo te hiMda sudhI AvavAne badale gamatI ja aneka gaNe lAbha thayo che. kAraNa Aje keTalAye bauddha vihArama ja abhyAsa karavA rekAI jatA. eja rIta akha graMthanI mULa nakala prApya nathI, tyAre tibeTanA lAmAonA (bekaTrIyA)nA pATanagara "rAjagRhamAM jeTalA maTho hatA, maThamAM temanA bhASAMtare maLI Ave che. ITAliyana saMzodhanatemAM meTAmAM moTo maTha "navasaMdhArAma" bauddha vidyAnuM mahAna kAra gisepya TasIe tibeTamAMthI keTalAye dastAvejo, citro kendra hatuM. A uparAMta kucI paNa bauddhadharmanuM mahAna kendra mUrtAio ane stUponA avazeSe zodhI kADhayA che. je tibehatuM. ahIMnA bauddhamaThomAM te saMskRta vyAkaraNa, khagoLazAsa TamAM bhAratIya saMskRtinA vyApaka phelAvAnI gavAhI pUre che. ane vaidaka zAsane paNa abhyAsa thatA. tibeTa tRpe barAbara bhAratIya zailIe ja banAvavAmAM AvyA che; eTaluM ja nahIM paNa temAM buddhanI mUtio sAthe bhagaA uparAMta A badhA pradezamAM brAhmaNadharmane paNa vAna kAti keya.nI mUti jeIne navAI lAgyA sivAya rahetI mAnabharyuM sthAna hatuM, tema kubera tathA trimukhanI AkRttivALI nathI. e ja rIte tibeTanAM citro paNa bhAratIya kalAkAroe rAjamadrA maLI che te uparathI kahI zakAya. A uparAMta cita- ja doryA hoya tema lAge che. rAmaNa karelA eka gaNezanI paNa mUrti maLI AvI che. bahu prAcIna samayathI bhAratane cIna sAthe vyApArI e ja rIte bauddhadhame tibeTane paNa bhArata sAthe saMbaMdha haoN. jamIna mAge A vyApAra madhya eziyAnA sAMskRtika saMbaMdhe sAMkaLI dIdhuM che. IsunI chaThThI sadI sudhI te vyApArI mArgo dvArA, ane samudramAne hiMdI mahAsAgara ane bhAratano tibeTa sAthe bahu saMparka na hato paraMtu sAtamI cInI sAgara dvArA cAla. prAcIna samayathI cInamAMthI rezama, sadImAM tibeTamAM na-tsAnagempa nAmanA rAjavInA samayamAM siMdura ane vAMsanI AyAta bhAratamAM thatI hatI, tema lAge bauddhadharma dAkhala thaye, ane tibeTanI saMskRttie na ja che paraMtu I. sa. pU. bIjI sadImAM bauddhadhama jyAre cInamAM vaLAMka lIdhe. na-tsAnagenI banne rANIo (eka nepA- dAkhala thavA lAgyA. ane anvazI cInI zahenazAha miMgalanI ane bIjI cInanI) baudhdha dharma pALatI hatI. tethI tie jyAre (I. sa. 65) bauddhadharmane rAjyadharma banAvyo rAjAe paNa bauddhadharma svIkAryo, ane pitAnI pradhAna thensI tyAre bhArata ane cIna vaccenA saMparko khUba ja vadhI gayA. saMbheTane saMskRta tathA pAlIno abhyAsa karavA mATe magadha rInamAM sau pahele baudhdhadharma phelAvanAra bauddha sAdhuo mekalyo. teNe cAra varasa sudhI abhyAsa karyA bAda tibeTamAM dharmaratna ane kazyapa mAtaMganA pachI te aneka bodhadharma AvIne tibeTI lipimAM sudhAro karyo. Ane pariNAme baudha pracArako cInamAM AvI gayA. temAM bhAratIya sAdhuo uparAMta graMthanuM tibeTI lipimAM bhASAMtara karavAnuM ghaNuM saraLa thaI paDDalava rAjakumAra leke tema ane yuhecI dharma pracAraka dharma paDa rakSakane paNa samAveza thAya che. rAjavI na- tsAna-gempae tibeTamAM 900 jeTalA isunI cothI sadI sudhImAM cInamAM bompadhama rAjAo, maTha baMdhAvyA, jemAM rAme zI nAmane maDa ghaNe prakhyAta sAmate, jamInadAre ane AmajanatAmAM pitAnuM sthAna che. te bhAratamAMthI baudha AcAryo ane paMDitene paNa jamA ka jamAvI cUkyo hato. tethI ghaNA rAjAo bhAratamAMthI baMdha ema traNa ApyA hatAM. teNe dAkhala karelI A praNAli tenI sAdhuone AmaMtraNa ApI bolAvavA lAgyA. A sAdhuo pachInA rAjavIoe paNa rAkhI hatI; tibeTanA rAjA ti ti ane paMDitamAM AcArya kumAra jIva[ I. sa. 401-412] sUka - sega DI sAnanA AmaMtraNathI nAlaMdAne prakhyAta bodha 38 pAmyA chekAzmIranA saMdhabhUti I. sa. 38 -- 384], gautama saMdhadeva cArya zAMtarakSita tibeTamAM gayA hatA, ane tyAM temaNe bauddha [ i. sa 384 39 ] , puNyaprAta dharmamitra | I. sa. 424 dharmanA tAMtrika paMthanI sthApanA karI hatI. 11 mI sadImAM -- 442] , ane dharmayaza [i. sa 400-424], nA nAma vikramIlA vidyApIThanA mukhya AcArya dIpakara mitra (atiza) banArasanA prasAruci | i. sa. 516543] ujajayinInA tibeTamAM gayA hatA. tyAM teNe ghaNA baudha graMne tibeTI upanya, baMgALa tathA AsAmanA kSAna bhada, jinayaza ane bha SAmAM anuvAda karyo hate vaLI tibeTamAMthI paNa bhAratamAM dara ke savAM mApe che samaya A viddhAne e cInamAM gALelAM varSa bauddhadharmane abhyAsa karavA AvatA sAdhuone to kaMI pAra banAve che. Jain Education Interational

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28 yazagupta, madhya hiMdanA dharmakSepa, pATalI putranA paramA, gujarAtanA lATa pradezanA dhamagupta ane kAMcInA pallavakuma 2 baudhidha paNa dhaNA prakhyAta che. A badhA AcaryoM ane paDitAe cInamAM baudhdha graMtheAnA bhASAMtara karyAM. tathA temAMnA ghaNAe audha dharmInA judA judA graMthAnI paNa sthApanA karI hatI. temAM muyaza ane budhdha sthApita karelA 'abhitApa patha'no nApanA Aja pappu cIta tathA dUra pUrvanA dezAmAM jaLavAI rahe che. je rIte bhAratamAM ii audhdha pitA cInamAM gayA te ja rIte, bhAratamAMthI audhdhanI pavitra bhUminI yAtrA karavA, audhdha sAhityanA abhyAsa karavA ane baudhdha dharmagraMthAnI nakala meLavavA mATe aneka cInI yAtrALue muzkelIo veThIne paNa bhAratamAM AvyA hatA. A yAtrALuomAM kA hiyAna, dhuM - ena tsAMga tathA itsiMga teA prakhyAta che ja; te uparAMta pAeyuna, e mAMga ane phA-cAMganI netAgIrI nIce AvelA audhdha sAdhuonA kAphalA pazu DIka ThIka jANItA che. baudhdha sAdhuonI baMne deze! vaccenI AvajA uparAMta rAjakiya hetuone lIdhe je saMbaMdha baMdhAye tene kAraNe ane dezeA vacce Ape| Apa saMkRtinI Apa-le thavA lAgI. paraMtu bhAratIya saMskRti para cInI saMskRtinI je asara paDI tenA karatAM cIna para bhAratanI asara ghaNA pramANamAM paDI che te hakIkatanA inkAra thaI zake tema nathI. M/s Maya eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 A rIte bhAratIya sa`skRtinI pherama prasarelI jovA maLe che te kharekhara ApaNA mATe AnaMdanI vAta che. baMdhA pradezamAM bhAratIya saMskRttinA phelAvA lazkarI baLe ke kAyadAnA jore nathI thayA, tyAMnA loko sAthe ekarasa thaI, tyAMnI bhUmi, AbAhuvA te sthaLa kALa sAthe tAla meLavIne" bhAratanA lAkoe peAtAnI mahAna saMskRttinI tyAM phorama phelAvI che. Ama karavAmAM temanA koI svAthI hetu na hatA ane eTale zrI daka kahe che tema "koipaNa deza kAI paNa Le AvA saMskRttidAna mATe gaurava le to emAM kazuM anucita nathI." ane chatAM kamanasIba khInA to e che ke AjathI gheADA varSo pahelAM bhAratIya saMskRttinI A geravagAthA viSe deza ane duniyA lagabhaga ajANa hatAM! DaoNkaTara majamudAre eTalA mATe ja A vizALa bhAratanI racanAne "bhAratIya itihAsanu bhUlAi gayeluM chatAM khUba ja javalaMta prakaraNa kahyuM che." pelA paradezI vivecaka silpIna levI paNa kahe che ke -"aneka sadIonA lAMkhA gALA daramyAna ceAthA bhAganI mAnava jAta bhArate bhUsI na zakAya tevI chApa pADI che. ajJanane lIdhe ItihAsamAM je padma tene lAMbA vakhata sudhI nakAravAmAM Avyu che te mAgavAnA temaja mAnava AtmAnA pratIka ane hA samI jagatanI mahAna prajAmAM potAnuM sthAna levAnA te hakka che. silvIna levI ane bhAratIya 'skRttinu yeAgya mUlyAMkana karanArA tenA jevA udAra vivecakAnA ApaNe RNI chIe. Construction Company 342-43, F-1, Ganganivas, Near Bordigate, N-Krishnanagar, Bhavnagar. ( Gujarat )

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bhAratIya saMskRtino vizvamAM pracAra zrI nattama vALaMda bhAratIya saMskRti eTale Arya saMskRti buddhinA tejathI peThe vizvabharamAM phelAya che samudranAM mAchalAM jevA kAbela ane ' jhaLahaLatI rati rati vara hai magha virati (cAle, capaLa gujarAtI khAravAo duniyAnA kaIne kaI baMdare jovA cAle, cAlanAra madhu meLave che) ema uddha tI A parAkrama maLe che. vahANavaTAne lagatA kAmanA jeTalA judA judA gujazIla vaidika saMskRti vizvanA khUNe khUNe pharI vaLI che. rAtanI paryAye che eTalA bhAratanI bIjI kaI bhASAmAM nathI. Ama gujarAtIonA lehImAM ja samudramaMthananA saMskAra che. pRthvInA pUrva geLArdhamAM bhArata deza ghaNAkharA sudharelA dezanA kendrasthAne kudaratI rIte goThavAyela che temAMthI bhAratanA sAhasavRttithI prerAIne gujarAtI mAnavI enI kuneha nakazAmAM gujarAtanuM viziSTa prakAranuM sthAna che mAtAnI keDamAM ane buddhithI duniyAnAM paDe paDamAM ghUmI vaLe che. duniyAnA bALaka teDAyeluM hoya ema gujarAtano pradeza bhArata mAtAnI pUrva sImADe, sUrya sauthI pahelA prakAze che. e phIjhI TApukeDe jhUlI rahyo che. emAM gujarAtanI khuza nasIbI e che ke emAM jyAM thIjI javAya evI ThaMDI paDe che evA dakSiNa bhAratanA 3500 mAIlanA dariyA kAMThAmAMthI 1000 mAIlane dhruvanI aDoaDa AvelA nyujhIlenDamAM, 120 aMzanI garakAke, kAphAta ace che kara saurASTra ane dakiNa gujarAtanAM mIthI dhIkhI uThatA, ijiptanI dakSiNamAM AvelA sudAnamAM maLIne kula bAvana baMdare guja2 mAtAne kaThe AropAyelI : ane hara haranAM tema ja pratikULa havAmAna dharAvatAM sthaLoe bAvana motInI mALA zAM sehI rahyAM che dvArikA, surpAraka gujarAtI mAnavIoe vasavATa karyo che. AphrikA te guja(sApArA), bhAru karacha (bharUca), khaMbhA | surata vagere agatyanAM rAtanI bIjI AvRtti jevA lAge che. jaMgabAramAM karIe baMdaro mAraphate jagatanA dUra haranA dezo Ijipta ane roma eTale gujarAtanA keI zaheramAM pharatAM hoIe evuM lAge sudhI 5hAra cAlato saurASTranAM nAnAM baMdara mAraphate paNa basarA, bagadAda, kere ane kelipheniyAmAM gujarAtIonI paradeza sAthe vepAra cAlato. cheka basarAthI khajUra vahANa dekAnA cAle che, dukAne cAle che. iMglenDa, nyuyorka, roma ane perisamAM gujasaiArASTranAM baMdara sudhI pahoMcatI ApaNI aneka kahevato rUDhi rAtI vepArIonI peDhIo jovA maLe che. A gujarAtIo prayoga ane purANa kathAomAM sAgara paryAnA saMskAra eTale kacchI suratI, saurASTrI, carotarI ane bharUca mAnagUMthAyelA che. vIe alabatta, paradezamAM emanA evA keI bheda nathI. tyAnI kamANImAMthI temaNe gAMdhI hela ane javAsara hela 13mA zatakamAM "nAbhinaMdana jinadhdhAra prabaMdha' nAme baMdhAvyA che. gujarAtI nizALe sthApI che, vAra tahevAre aitihAsika saMskRta kAvyamAM kakkasUri gujarAtanAM baMdare viSe teo gujarAtI sAMskRtika kAryakrama geive che, gujarAtI vidhithI jaNAve che. da nivANI 7H sarve vear#1 mUrighu rAvaNane lagna kare che ane gujarAtI DhabanA bhejana samAraMbhe paNa te niHsIra udhamate (gujarAtanA nivAsIo je che. Ama, gujarAta bahAra jagatamAM jyAM jyAM guja enA kinArA paranAM baMdaramAM a5 vyavasAya karIne paNa rAtI mAnavI vase che tyAM tyAM teNe nAnakaDuM gujarAta khaDuM apAra lakSanI prApta kare che) karyuM hoya che. kavi khabaradAre sAcuM ja kahyuM che ke- jyAM jyAM vase eka gujarAtI tyAM tyAM sadA kALa gujarAta.' gujarAtanA vahANavaTAne ItihAsa ochAmAM ochA aDhI hajAra varSa jeTale jUno che. divALImAM tahevAramAM zAradA IsavIsananA AraMbhamAM bhAratane mukhya dariyAI vepAra pUjana karatI veLAe vepArIo copaDAmAM "ratnAkara mahArAjanI bharUce hAtha dharyo hate. cheka kAbulathI ane dakSiNa bhAratathI kirapA ho" ema lakhIne samudranI sapharanuM smaraNa karatA nikAsa thavA mATe mAla bharUca baMdare Avate, ema pirijaNAya che. zeSazAyI vigunI pagacaMpI lamIjI kare che evuM plasa lakhe che. Ijipta, arabastAna ane IrAnI akhAtanAM ApaNI purANakathAnuM eka citra che. e paNa ApaNA samudra tema ja hindI mahAsAgaranAM baMdaree bharUcanA vahANe ghUmatAM. saMparkanuM sUcaka che. samudranA mojAM te zeSanAganI phaNAoe gunA guptakAlIna bauddha tatha, jaina sAhityamAM bharUcanA baMdaranA majA para je svasthatAthI rahI zake e te paga lamI taLAse eka aneka ullekha maLe che. bharUcanA sAhasika vepArIe suvarNa arthAt lakSmI enI dAsI bane je mAnavI samudragamana kare jAma mulAlariyA bhUmi malAyeziyA sudhI vepAra kheDatAM te lakSmIvAna bane evo ene sUcita artha che. vizALa dasamIthI soLamI sadI daramiyAna khaMbhAtanuM sauthI dariyAkAMThAne lAbha lenArA aneka gujarAtIo dariyAnAM mojAMnI moTuM ane samRddha baMdara hatuM. sAthenA vepAramAM khaMbhAtanuM kira che vizakI vicitra che. emanI phaNAme Jain Education Intemational

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288 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 mahatva eTaluM badhuM hatuM ke gujarAtanA sulatAna bahAdurazAha cuAMga ane IliMga jevA aneka "cInI paMDita sAdhuo ne paradezIo " khaMbhAtanA rAjA" tarIke oLakhAtA ane budha-nI janma bhUmi nI yAtrA karavA ane bIdhdha dharmane IglenDathI rANuM ilijhAbethe I. sa. 1583 mAM potAnA vepAra abhyAsa karavA aneka saMkaTo veThIne bhAratanA pravAse AvyAnA nI paravAnagI aMge akabara bAdazAha para kAgaLa lakhI Apela dAkhalA maLe che. A kevaLa dharmapracAra nahato paraMtu saMskRti temAM akabarane "khaMbhAtanA sahenazAha" tarIke saMbodhyuM hatuM. pracAra hato. dara varSe kApaDa bharelA 40 thI 50 moTAM vahANe khaMbhAtathI baMgALanA upasAgarathI jAvA bAlInA cha hajAra jeTalA paradezanAM vividha baMdare jatAM AMthI phiraMgIo tene "duniyAne TApuonI zreNI zarU thAya che. AMdAmAna nikobAra, sumAtrA, vastra pUruM pADanAra baMdara' kahetA. khaMbhAtanA vepArIo messAmAM javA, bAlI, leoka, sukha ane timUranA TApuo che je ghara karIne rahetA teo AphrikAnA lekene mAla ApIne osTreliya sudhI pahoMcI jAya che te banIo selIbIsa badalAmAM aDhaLaka senuM letA. agatyanA vepArI mathaka hovA mAlukakA ane nyugInI dakSiNa amerikA sudhI pahoMce che. Ama bAbate khaMbhAtanI bhaugolika anukULatA khAsa dhapAtra che. A kipa zreNI bhAratIya saMskRtine bahAra laI jatA eka eka bAju dakSiNamAM thaI ne jAvA, brahmadeza vagere bIjI bAju pUla banI jAya che. A pUla para thaIne bhAratIya prajA dUradUranA pazcimamAM rAte samudra ane IrAnI akhAtane AsapAsanA pradezo sudhI jaI pahoMcI che. deze e sarvamAM khaMbhAtanuM sthAna madhyamAM hoI te sarva dezonA saMparkamAM rahI zakayuM hatuM. samrATa azokanA samayamAM keTalAka sAhasika dariyA kheDuo keI navA pradezamAM jaI caDyA tenuM nAma temaNe surata makakAnuM bAruM agatyanuM baMdara hatuM. duniyAnAM bihAranA eka zaheranA nAma parathI 'caMpA" ApyuM. tyAMnA 84 baMdarone vAvaTa 2 hI pharakatA aMgreja musAphara sara nivAsIoe hiMdI vepArIo bauddhapracAra ke ane saMskRta che temaja IjiptanA sulatAna elacI surata AvelA. 18 paMDitone AvakAryA ane temanI pAse temaNe hiMdu ane bauddha mA 19 mA saikAmAM suratamAM vahANa bAMdhavAne ATo udyoga dharmano sAra karyo samaya jatAM A samagra vistAra bhAratanA cAlato hato. iglenDanA ekanAM banelAM vahANa karatAM valasADI prasiddha zahera koja parathI kaDyiA nAme mALakhakAcA sAvAnAM banelAM suratanAM vahANe vadhu TakAu ane sastAM gaNAtAM kaDiyA ane caMpAnA TApuomAM hiMdu rAjyA hatAM caMpAnA e vahANe IrAna, ...-DA, siDAna ane AphrikA sudhI rAjA bhadravane zivamaMdira baMdhAvyAne ulalekha maLe che. bhAravecAvA jatA. tIya vironAM keTalAMya jUtha ahIM vasavATa karatAM hatAM vepAra uparAMta dharma pracAra paNa aneka bhAratavAsIo eTaluM ja nahi paNa tyAMnI mULa prajA sAthe lagna saMba che padeza jaI pahoMcelA che. pracArabhAva (Missit rary Spirit). paNa bAMdhI cUkyAM hatAM tyAMnA nivAsIomAM saMskRta bhASA jeTalA bauddha dharmamAM che. teTale brAhmaNa dharmamAM nathI. gautama eTalI to otaprota thaI gaI hatI ke temanA jIvana vyavahAramAM budhe, temanA ziSyae ane temanA anuyAyIo e bauddha aneka saMskRta zabdone vaparAza zarU thaI gayA hatA. temanA karmanA pracArArthe cheka silena sudhI pravAsa karela. samrATa jAhera use ane ghatomAM rAmAyaNa ane mahAbhAratanI kathAazake (Azare I. sa. pU. trIje kaike) pitAnA putra ma ndra enA prasaMge vAraMvAra AvatA. ane putrI saMghamitrAne dharma pracArA silona mokalyAM hatAM sAtamI sadInA aMta bhAgamAM tyAMnA khamara rAjayavaMzanA e jANItI hakIkata che. e samayamAM vepArIo baMgALanA rAjAoe pitAnA nAmanI pAchaLa "varmA" nuM bhAratIya biruda upasAgarane pAra karIne malAIkAnI sAmudradhunI oLaMgatA ane dhAraNa karavA mAMDayuM hatuM. e rIte jayamAM sUrya vanI, malAyAnA judA judA TApuomAM jaI pahoMcatAM. yAvarmA ane IndravarmA jevA rAjAo tya. thaI gayAM emanA sAmrAjayanI rAdhAnI tuM nAra 'ga para " athavA "amarApurI - budhe emanA ziSyone maDhAvAmAM A pramANe upadeza tarIke oLakhAtuM. e nagaramAM braNa saMskRti enA paramocca Avyo hato : 2varUpamAM pikAsa pAmI hatI. carama vikSadecArikam bAramI sadInA rAjA e zipa kaLA ! suMdara namUnA cahajana hitAya bahahAna sudAya rUpa lagabhaga 225 vAra lAbuM ne 270 vAra paDoLuM, aMgaddhAra adhyAya hitAya sukhAya vATa nAme eka virATa maMdira baMdhAvyuM hatuM. enA zi95mAM rema nuMs: { } ane mUti vidha: mAM rAmAyaNa ane mahAbhAratanI kathAo i. sa. 65 mAM kAzyapa mAtaMga ane dharma rakSita keDArAI che. emAM viSNu ane hiMdu devanI mUtio paNa che. nAmanA bauddha sAdhuo cIna gayA ane tyAM bauddha dharmane I. sa. pU trIjA saikAmAM hiMdI cIna uparAMta hiMdaziyA pracAra karyAno itihAsa maLe che. eja rIte phAhiyAna, yuvAna (IDa neziyA) mAM hiMdAca.. .. ....ha .. . . .tI. ema Jain Education Intemational

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helenI tathA te samayanA Araba ane grIka ullekha parathI saMbaMdha ghaNe jUne hato ema mAnavAne kAraNa maLe che. ziva jANavA maLe che. cInI yAtrI phAhiyAna tyAMnI drIpamAlAmAMnA ane agatyanI kathAmAM jAvAnI Arya saMskRtine paDadhe paDe jAvA TApumAM pAMca mahinA pahelA ane tyAM teNe baudha ane che. agattva ane temanA ziSya Arya dhamane ane saMskRtine brAhmaNa dharmanuM jera joyeluM bIjI bAju, jAvAnA rAjA bhAratamAMthI laI gayA hatA e vAtanuM samarthana saMskRtimAMthI deva varmAe cInamAM dUta mokalyo I. sa.ne pAMcamA saikAmAM ApaNane maLI Ave che. ahI bauddha dharmano pracAra thayo hato. - I. sa.nA cothAthI caudamA zataka sudhI jAvA sumAtrA siMgApora 1 pAvanAra ane jAvAne prathama itihAsa banIo ane malAyAmAM hiMdu rAjya hatAM jAvAmAM jovAmAM lakhanAra aMgreja gavarnara sara sTepharDa rephase jAvAmAM I. sa. 14mA zataka sudhI hiMdu ane bauddha rAjAo karatA nA sAtamA saikAmAM sthapAyelA prathama gujarAtI saMsthAna viSe hatA. bAlImAM te cheka 1911 sudhI hiMdu rAjya hovAnA anu zuti ApI che. ajIzaka nAmane gujarAtano eka zaka purAvA sAMpaDe che. A dvIpa samUhanI Arya saMskRtinI sAbitI kSatrapa rAjakumAra keTalAka kheDUto, kArIgaro, zilpIo, Apato prathama saMskRta lekha rAjA adhavananA putra mUlavamananI yodhdhAo, vaidyo ane lekhaka sAthe jAvA gayo ane tyAM kIrtigAthAno che. I. sa. cothI sadImAM lakhAyela A lekha bhUvijya saMlagAla nAma dhAraNa karI, navuM zahera vasAvIne pAnAMomAMthI maLI Avyo che. jAvAmAMthI paNa cothAthI chaThThA gAdIe beTho. teNe potAnA pitAne saMdeza mokalI gujarAta- zatakanA saMskRta lekhe maLI AvyA che. I. sa.nA 14mAM mAthI seMkaDo mANasane ahIM belAvyA, jemAM zilpIo zAkamAM musalamAnI AkramaNane pariNAme sumAtrA vagere paNa hatA. A kalAkAronA hAtha jAvAmAM barobuduranuM vizva TApuo parathI bauddha dharma kSINa thaI gayA ane keTaleka sthaLe vikhyAta maMdira taiyAra thayuM hovAnuM manAya che. murisa sattA .rU thaI. bIju vizvayuddha thayuM tyAM sudhI dara varSe pATaNanAM saMkhyAbaMdha paToLAM siMdhI vepArIo mAraphate eka anuzruti mujaba AThamA saikAmAM tibeTanA lekee jAvAnA sulatAnAM kuTuMbamAM jatAM hatAM evA ulekho baMgALa para caDAI karIne tyAM che ..DAne mATI hAra ApI. maLe che. Aje paNa ApaNe aneka hiMdu muslima vepArIo baMgALIone nAsIne jAvA ghaNI ja 'paDaka'. jApAnI bhASAmAM jAvAmAM vase che. Aje paNa baMgALI uccAra ane laDhaNa vartAya che. InDoneziyAnI bhASAne tyAMnA le "e sA' kahe che. temAM saMskRta pazcima jAvAnA lekhamAM viSNu, Indra ane airAvatanA zabdonuM pramANa ghaNuM che. 1vAnA lA ke dekhAvamAM hiMdI ullekha maLe che. eTaluM ja nahi paNa jAvA bAlInAM saMgraha(baMgALI) jevA che, paraMtu temanuM nAka cInA jevuM che, eTalo sthAnomAMthI hiMdu tathA baudha mUrtio maLI AvI che. hiMduo ane jAvAvAsIono taphAvata che. jAvAnA rAjakuTuMbIo, sthaLa, phula, parvata, nadIo, maMdira, nagara, pakSIo, prANIo vagerenAM saMkhyAbaMdha sAMskRti - vAhimakI rAmAyaNamAM e paNa jAvAne ullekha maLe nA le che. vaLI, deva, sUrya, zani, uttara, bhUmi, rasa, rUpa, che. gujarAtanA aneka vepArIo mADAgAsara, malAlA, ja.vA, varNa, gaja, daMDa, maMtrI, roma, zuka e badhA saMskRta zabdo sumAtrA, bonI ane bAlI TApuo sudhI vepAra karatA jAvA-balInI bhASAmAM vaparAya che. tyAMnA nRtya-nATakamAM hatA. jAvAmAM lATa (dakSi gujarAta)nA ulekhe maLyA che. ApaNI paurANika kathAonA aMze jaLavA pelA paDayA che. jAvA sAthenA vepArI ane sAMskRtika saMbaMdhane kAraNe ApaNe dhArmika tahevAre rItarIvAjo ane cAturvaNya jevI prathAmAM tyAM kahevata pracalita hatI. tyAMnI prajA bhAratIya saMskRtine sAcavI rahI che. jAvAnA jAve che ke nara jave, kadI na pAcho Ave bo budaramAM bhagavAna buddhanI kalAkauzalyavALI mUti che, ne Ave che eTaluM lAve ke pariyA pariyAM khA" te banIomAMthI viSNu, brahmA, ziva, gaNeza, naMdo skaMda ane mahAkAla nI mUrtio maLI che. A uparAMta jAvAmAMthI (arthAta jAvA gayela mANasa eTale dUrathI jhaTa pAcho Ave devanAgarI lipimAM ketarAyelA jUnA zilAlekho ane tAmranahi. moTe bhAge tyAM ja sthAyI rahe kadAca tyAMthI pAchA phare patra maLI AvyAM che, to e eTaluM badhuM aDhaLaka dhana sAthe lete Ave ke, enA vaMzajonA vaMzajo e dhana vAparyA kare.) ekaMdare joIe te sumAtrAthI phIjhI TApuo sudhInA " - samagra malaya pradezane ApaNI Arya saMskRtine setu kahI ApaNI kahevato, vArtAo, niko ane anya zakIe AvA aneka setuo dvArA AryasaMskRti vizvabharamAM sAmagrIne AdhAre gujarAtane InDoneziyA sAtheno sAra tika vistarIne tene vijayanAda karI rahI che. Jain Education Intemational dain Education Intermational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitAbhAga-2 With Best Compliments From Forge & Blower Company Naroda Road AHMEDABAD-380002 Manufactures of "VARUNA" BRAND CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS, MONOBLOCK SBTS, PUMPING SETS, ETC. Sole Selling Agents, Varuna Sales Private Limited Naroda Road, AHMEDABAD-8002 Gram : "PUMPSEL" Plcne Nos. : 32651 & 3232 Jain Education Intemational

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pazvima eziyA upara bhAratIya saMskRtinuM prAbalya zrI surezabhAI kanaiyAlAla dave saMskRti eTale pugothI AvatI sabhya, zapAta laukika AryajanamAM hatI. maharSi araviMda kahe che tema AryanA paraMparA. A dRSTithI koI paNa deza apa ! mAnava samAjane eTale IzvarIya zaktinI abhivyakti karanArI kRti, dharma zilpa eka paraMparAgata saMskRti hoya che, jemAM e deza athavA kalA e IzvarIya zakti dvArA ja khIle che. vikase che. eTale samAjanuM jIvatuM jAgatuM ane sAvaka. cheka tathA sArvajanIna vaidika Aryajanee pitAnI A abhivyakti sAMskRtika vikAsa rUpa-svarUpa daSTi gocara thAya che. bhArata deza ne paNa potAnI dvArA jagata AgaLa raju karI che. AvA sAMskRtika vikAsa viziSTa saMskRti che je dezAntarIya saMskRti ethI mAva jUdIja pracAraka Aryone mahaSi agatyane pitA gaNAvI zakAya. nahI paNa ghaNI ja vitA ane *1. dharAve che. sahiSNutA, temane ulekha vAgaveda 7-33 13mAM maLe che. A mahAmunI udAratA tenA mahAna guNe che. bhAratIya saMskRti tenA guNene saMskRti pracArArthe dakSiNamAM gayA hatA. ane samudrapAra karI. kAraNe hara hameMzA vikAsa zIla rahI che. tene je te pradezanI pUrvanA dezamAM jaI tyAM bhAratIya saMskRtine raju karI hatI. prajAenA kAlA tAra vicAra, saMskAra apanAvyA che. ane teo samudra pI gayA te AkhyAyikA ane jAvA sumAtrAmAM pitAnAmAM che. Atapreta kara. tANAvANAnI mAphaka vaNuM lIdhA cheAje paNa maLI AvatA temanI pratimAM AnI sAkSI pure che. bhAra Aya A pramANe rAjAo paNa prajAvatsala, dharma sahiSNu, kalA premI hatA. ane teoe A Adarzone mUti - pazcima eziyAnA dezamAM paNa vedakALamAM ja A maMta karavA prayatno karyA che. pUrva ke pazcimamAM evo eka paNa saMskRti Aryoe vikasAvI hatI pAzcAtya vidvAno saMskRta deza nathI jene bhAratIya saMrakatinA prAbalyane svIkAryuM na bhASAnA paricayamAM AvyA pachI amuka cokkasa sAMpradAyika hoya ItahAsavipra vinsenTa smIpa kahe che tema " niHsaMdeha haThAgrahane kAraNe evuM mAnatA AvyA che ke artho vedakALamAM bhArata eka adhaHstha mULabhUta evI ekatA che je bhaugolika ahI AgantukAnAM rUpamAM AvyA hatA. ahIMnI mULa prajA pAryakaya ke rAjanaitika adhirAjasvathI prApta thayelI ekatAthI anukrame ni, osTrIke, ane draviDa hatA ane A keTalIye AgaLa che. A ekatA raMga, bhASA, vezabhUSArIta I. sa. pUrve 15 mI sadI pachI A prajAe pachI AvyA. rija, saMpradAya ke dharma ane anekAneka vibhinnatAone teo mULa yuropa ke madhya eziyAnA nivAsIe hatA ane pa , karA sauthI ucca sthAne virAje che." A ekatAne vanya saMskRti temanI saMskRti hatI. nagara saMskRtinuM temane kAraNe ? jayAM jyAM A saMskRti che . sare thaI che tyA tyAM bhAna na hatuM. paraMtu UMDANa pUrvaka jotAM spaSTa thAya che ke te .raMjIva banI che, ane anya saMskRtionI mAphaka kALanA temanI A mAnyatA gaMbhIrapaNe doSa yukata che. bhAratIya karALa hAthe tene vinAza thayo nathI. bhAratIya rAjAe paNa vidvAnoe paNa A matane Teko ApyA che. jyAre hakIkatamAM uca Adarza dharAvatA hatA. samrATa ta ketu kahe che tema- lokamAnya TiLaka maMDArAja ane pi lenDamAM bAreya vidhA vizArada yAkebInA mate agaDhane samaya I. sa. pU. 4500 na meM steno jana pade, na vagdo na madyapaH / ne che. e nirvivAda che ke Rgaveda kALamAM Aryo bhA tamAM nA nAhitAgni nAmajvA na svairI svairiNI kutaH // hatA. sapta sibdha pradeza temanuM nivAsa sthAna hatuM. A ka Arya prajAnI pazcima eziyA ane madhya eziyAnA leke , | mArA rAjyamAM nathI ke cora, nathI keI kaMjUsa, ke upara gADha asara hatI. A ujaLA, uMcA, saheja lAMbA nathI ke zarAbI. yajJa karato na hoya tevA koI mANasa nathI. ghATanAM suDoLa mAthAvALA, tIkSNanAka ane AMkho dharAvatA tema kaI mA sa nathI. tema ke laMpaTa ke vyabhicArI paNa nathI sugaData bAMdhAnA hatA. vedakALa pachInAM samayamAM IrAna, to pachI kalAo to kayAMthI ja hAya" AvA ucca Adarzo aphadhAnistAna, madhya eziyA ane yuropamAM paNa AvI prajAnAM ne kAraNa kaIpaNa dezanI prajA bhAratIya vijetA rAjAone darzana thAya che. AvakArI tamA chatra chAyA nIce sAMskRtika vikAsa sAdhatI. - sapta sIdhu pradezanA A jeo himAlayanAM ThaMDA bahu jana sukhAyanI bhAvanAmAM rAcatA AvA rAjavIonA pradezamAM rahetA hatA. teoe saMskRti pracAra ane anya neja nI ya bhAratIya saMskRti bhArata bahAra pUrva ane pazcimanAM kAraNothI tyAMthI traNa dizAmAM AgaLa vadhyA, irAnIe AryonAM dezomAM khuba ja prasAra pAmI che. ane tyAMnI saMskRtio pradezane "hapta hindu " pradeza kahe che. je tene Teko Ape upara prAbalya prApta karyuM che. vedakALathI ja A bhAvanA che. A Aryo e vaidika de, agni, mitra, nAsatya, varUNa Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga-2 (arUra ) yama va. devonuM mahattva samajAvyuM ane te dezamAM malanI ghaNI zokhIna hatI. paraMtu bhAratanuM A malamala A devanI pratiSThA vadhArI avestA AnI sAkSI pUre che. Aja eTaluM bArIka hatuM ke tene sAta tharu paheravAmAM Ave te vaidika Aryoe jagatathI para rahelA parama tatvane jagatanI paNa mAnavanAM aMge ArapAra dekhAya eTalA mATe rAmanA aMdara rahelA prAkRtika tattamAMnI enI ekAtmatA anubhavIne seneTe naitika dharaNe sAcavI rAkhavA mATe bhAratanAM malamala tenA tattva svarUpe gAyAM. ane jyAM jyAM gayA tyAM tyAM samajAvyA upara pratibaMdha mUkI hatI. A banne mahAna sAmrAjya Ama vaidika kALathI ja pazcima eziyAnA dezo bhAratIya saMskRti vaccenAM gherI mArga upara pazcima eziyAnA dezo velA nI gherI asara nIce hatA. dharma uparAMta nagararacanA zilpa hatA. eTale A badhI cIja vastuonI mAMga te dezamAM vAstu kalA paNa Aryoe temane ApI kALa baLe A pradezamAM paNa vizeSa hatI ane pariNAme tyAMnI prajA bhAratanI kalA zrIke ane mane AvyA. ane anya barbara jAtIoe kArIgarIne mAnathI jotI kalA e prajAnAM mAnasanuM sAcuM pratihumalAo karI prajA jIvana vyasta karI nAMkhyuM tyAre kAMIka rIte biMba che. eTale AraMbhanI saraLa nuM sthAna jhINI jhINI Arya saMskRti jhAMkhI paDI paNa lepa na thai. pharIthI kuzAnonA vigatavALA aneka prakAranAM pratikAe lIdhuM. ane jyAre te samayamAM bauddha dharmanuM anuAyIo dvArA punaH jAgRti pAmI dezamAM bIdhdha dharma pracAramAM hatA tyAre tyAMnAM maTha stupa hatI tenAM karatAM paNa vizeSa rUpe khIlI uThI. vaidika saMskRtie vageremAM paNa bhAratIya kalA vadhAre jaTIla saMkaNu ane AlaM karelI pUrvabhUmikA temAM khubaja madada rUpa nivaDI. kArika banI khAsa karIne vAyavya tarapha gAMdhAra pradezanuM mahA yAna sthApatya. tareha tarehanI mUrtio ane alaMkArathI vAdaka kALa pachI brAhmaNe saMskRti bhAratamAM ucca sthAne bharapUra hatuMA uparAMta vidyA kSetre tyAMnA baudha saMgha ane rahI hatI. paraMtu brAhANu dharma sAme bauddha dharmo sthapAye. maThomAM cAlatAM lAMbA lAMbA vAdavivAdo ane zAsA dvArA bauddha dharma e nAta, jAta, dhaMdhAdArI, purohita, vidyA ane bhAratIya tattvajJAnanI zreSThatA rajU thatI ane tyAMnA tattvavidoe karmakAMDa sAmene baLa hatuM ema kahI zakAya bauddhanAM jIvana temAM paNa bhAratIya prAbalya svIkAryuM. navA vicAro ke kALa daramyAna A dharma bhAratamAM khUba pracAramAM hatA. ane navA lebAzamAM navA vicAre pazcimamAMthI ke dakSiNa mAMthI rAjyAzraya maLyA pachI vidvAna bauddha sAdhuo pracArArthe pUrva AvavA lAgyA. AvA navA navA vicArone kAraNe jIvana ane pazcimamAM gayA. gautamabuddhane mUrtipUjA pasaMda na hatI. ane dharmanI dRSTimAM khUba ja parivata na thayuM. tevI ja rIte pita deva che. e paNa dA pote karatA nahIM. tethI potAnI kalA ane zilpa upara paNa asara thaI A parivartana lAva pUjA karavAne temaNe niSedha karyo hato. paraMtu temanA nivaNa nArA te samayamAM be mukhya baLa hatA. brAhmaNa ane zrIka pachI brAhmaNoe hindu ane bauddha dharma vaccenuM aMtara sAMdha- saMskRti Ama A samagra pazcima ezi. nA pradezamAM baudha vAne je prayatna karyo temAM bauddha vicAra saraNImAM hindu brAhmaNa ane grIka saMskRtine samanvaya sadhAya temAM prAbalapata vicAro ane pratika dAkhala karyA buddhane avatAra tarIke bhAstrIya saMskRtinuM ja rahyuM. mitenDara. kaniSka ane samrATa svIkAryA Ama hindu vicArothI AvRta thayele bauddha mArga azokanAM samayamAM aphaghAnistAnathI maMgalayA sutIne samagra mahAyAna paMtha pazcima eziyAnA dezomAM vizeSa vyApta thaye. pradeza e che vatte aMze bhAratIya asara nIce hatuM. A pradekuzAna samrAe A dharma aMgikAra karI tene pracAra Adaryo zomAM bhAratIya vasAhata hatI. ane A vasAtenuM varcasva kuzAna sAmrAjya uttare kAzagara yArakaMda ane khetAna sudhI, tyAMnI prajAmAM khuba ja hatuM. lazkaramAM paNa hindI TukaDIo. pazcime IrAna ane pAthiyA sudhI te dakSiNe baThanArasathI ane viziSTatA dharAvatuM hindIonI AgevAnIva zuM hastadaLa vidhyAcaLa sudhI vistareluM hatuM A sAmrAjyanI rAjadhAnI paNa hatuM. rAjakIyarIne bhAratIya asaro kramazaH ochI thaI AraMbhamAM kAbula hatI. ane pAchaLathI pezAvara (purUSapura) hovA chatAM gAMdhAra ane kAjanAM gaNu rAjyo tenA upara banI. emAM mahAna rAjakartA samrATa kaniSka bauddha dharma pALatA sIdhuM ke ADakataruM varcava dharAvatA hatA. bhAratIya sAhitya, kazAne mULa mAMgela athavA ene maLatI jAtInAM hatA. A kalA, zila5, vAstuvidya ne, khUba ma ra hate. bhAratIya kuzAne pitAnA vatana ane purUSapura vacce kAyama Ava jA rASTriya pakSI mayurane bebIlenamAM dAkhala karanAra bhAratIya karatA. tethI bhAratIya saMskRti bauddha dharmanI chAyA nIce te vyApArIo ja hatA. te pradezanAM lokeno khorAka, pizAka kALe te samagra pradezamAM khUba ja pracAra pAmI. ane bauddha ane AbhUSaNe paratvenI rucI ghaDavAmAM moTo bhAga bhajavyuM. vighA TheTha maMgaliyA sudhI pahoMcI A pradezanAM grIke paNa tyAMnA tattvajJAna upara bhAratIya tatvajJAnanI meTI asara hatI. vijetA hatA. grIka saMskRtinuM prAbalya ochu yuM. ane rIke paNa tenAthI bAkAta na hatA prasiddha grIka tattvajJAnI bhAratIya saMskRti prasarI ane banne saMskRtione samanvaya pAyathe gera e pitAno purnajanmane siddhAMta bhAratIya 8 - saghA ane A banne dezo dariyAI ane jamIna mAge jJAnamAM lIdho hato tema mAnavAmAM Ave che. eTale jyAre vyApAra paNa cAlatuM hatuM. sugaMdhI dravyo rezamI kApaDa, mala- pazcima eziyAmAM grIka bhAratIya saMskRti sAthe maLyA tyAre mala, jhaverAta, hiMdamAMthI tyAM jatA ane romanuM senuM bhArata paNa bhAratIya vicAradhArA prAbalya dharAvanArI ja banI purAghasaDAI AvatuM kahe che ke romana sannArIo bhAratanAM mala- tattva vidugeDArDa, bekina, rikavana, levI, vagere saMzodhakoe Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha dhI kADhelA avazeSe bhAratIya saMskRtinA prAbalyane spaSTa sArA putra prakaraNama nAmanuM nATaka paNa che. je je pratimAo rIte vyakata kare che. bamIyAna, aphaghAnistAna, hakA, khera- maLI che te mukhyatve mathurAzailInI vizeSa che. khAte, khetAna pradezamAM bhAratIya kalA samRddhi khuba ja vyApta hatI. tyAMnA avazeSomAM budhdha nI bhavya pratimAo TUMkamAM A samagra pazcima ane madhya eziyAnAM stUpe, bhI ta cIvALI guphAo, ziva ane sUryanAM maMdire, pradezamAM eka kALe bhAratIya saMskRtinI havA eTalI joradAra ane mUrtio maLI AvyA che. A uparAMta bhUjapatre; lAka- phelAI hatI ke te / ara rathI tyAM pracalita anya saMskRtio DAnA TukaDA ane cAmaDA tathA kAgaLa ane rezamapara jhAMkhI paDI gaI hatI. mahAna cInI mUsApharo phAhiyAna ane pAlI tathA saMskRta bhASAmAM lakhAyelI keTalIe hastaprate maLI huM na-saMga jyAre A mAge bhArata AvyA tyAre teoe AvI che. sara orala sTInane maLI AvelI eka baudhdha mAM bauddha dharmanA nejA heThaLa brAhmaNa saMskRtinI asaravALI guphAmAM ja meTI saMkhyA mAM hastaprata ane dastAvejo maLyA. bhAratIya saMskRti ja joI hatI. vaLI tyAM bauddha dharmanAM jemAM 154 citra hatAM. 3000 graMthe saMskRtamAM hatA. abhyAsanA mATA dhAme vihAra hatAM. tethI bhArata AvatA temAM 00 te eka ! baudha dharSanAM ja che. A hasta- vidhArthIo tyAM ja ra I abhyAsa pUro karatA. madhya eziyAne pra mAM bhIma naMdasena, zAmasena, upajIva jevA bhAratIya gamatI vihAra, bekaTIyAnuM rAjagRha jyAM che uparAMta maTho nAma cara, hRta jevA adhikArIonA nAme maLI AvyA hatA. ane kucIne baudha maTha khUba jANItA hatA. jyAM che. je uparathI te pradezanAM rAjakIya zAsanamAM bhAratIya saMskRta, pAlI, vyAkaraNa, khageLa, ane zaidakano abhyAsa thata zAsana paddhatinI meTI asara jovA maLe che. khetAnathI badhAM ja zilpa ane AvAsamAM bhAratIya kalA pratibiMbIta 17 mAIla dUra AvelA eka sthaLethI kharesTrI lipI je bhAra thatI pAcha..thI grIko ane ArabonA satata humalAo ane tanA vAyavya bhAgamAM praca ta hatI. ne lIpImAM lakhAyelI IslAmane udaya thayA pachI A asaro lagabhaga naSTa thaI mahAyAna paMthInI dhammapa, a prata maLI che. e ja rIte tuka- ane Aje tyAM bhAratIya saMskRti mAtra avazeSonA svarUpamAM nimAMthI IsunI pahelI sadImAM saMskRtamAM lakhAyelA traNa ja nihALavAnI rahI che. alabatta tyAM sthapAelI muslIma bodha nATako maLI AvyAM che. temAM mahAkavi azvaghoSanuM saMskRtimAM bhAratIya baLA varApa che ja. With Best Compliments From M/s Asia Electric Co. 112, D'Souza Street Vadgadi Bombay-3. Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitAbhAga-2 With Best Compliments from Panachand Manorda. Shah & Co. Amit Jewellers luster industrie, 305 Usuf Meherali Road, 43 Krishja Niv: BOMBAY-3 Jaymit P. V. B. A ANTWEIP ( Belginni) Cffice : 328760 Pione 326071 Resi : 368186 Jain Education Intemational

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bhAratIya saMskRtinAM keTalAMka viziSTa lakSaNo che, cInubhAI nAyaka che. raMgaberaMgI , la che. e vicAra e che. bhAratamAM A gAvAmAM AvyA che bhAratIya saMskRtinAM keTalAMka viziSTa lakSaNe vize jANIe (5) Habits-2 ane. te pahelAM saMskRtine mane samaja joIe. saMskRti e (6) Values-mU .* kaI bhUta kALanA bAbata nathI. paraMtu teno saMbaMdha jIvAta jIvananA vartamAna sAthe che. te paripakava phaLa nathI paNa vikAsa A cha bAbatamAM sAMskRtika vArasAnAM badhAM aMgane pAmatuM vRkSa che. te baMdhiyAra sarovara nathI paNa satata vahe nadIne pravAha che. tenI pAtratA manuSyamAM ja che. mAnava samAjanI bhUmimAM ja saMskRtine chADa pAMgarI zake. jagatanI anya jIva keIpaNa dezanI ke kALanI prajAnA sAMskRtika vArasAnuM suSTi saMskRti khIlavI zakatI hatI. temanA jIvanamAM ke raheNI mUlyAMkana karavuM e sahelI bAbata nathI. sAmAnya rIte A karaNImAM kaI pheraphAro thayA nathI. hajAro varSathI sApa rAphaDAmAM prakAranuM mUlyAMkana ApaNe ApaNA AjanA saMdarbhamAM karatA ja rahe che, cakalI mALAmAM ja rahe che. paraMtu manuSya eka hovAthI ApaNuM dhArAdharaNenAM mApadaMDathI karatA hovAthI tenuM Savase stage-vanavAsI avasthAmAMthI kramika pragati sAdhIne sAcuM mUlyAMkana thaI zakatuM nathI. A mATe ApaNe ApaNI sabhyatAnAM zikharo sara karyA che. A vAta samajAvatAM zrI saMskRtinA ja dAkhalo laIe. ApaNI saMskRtinuM mUlyAMkana manubhAI paMcolI (darzaka) kahe che " pataMgiyuM Aje lAkha karavAmAM yuropanA vidvAnoe moTo bhAga bhajavyo che. pata 1 = dAvamAM 10nA kare che. bIjA pataMgiyAM e vAta jANe kamanazIbI e che ke teo ApaNI paraMparA, mAnyatAne che paNa chatA emaNe e sAra nathI kheMcyo ke dIvA pAse rUDhiothI vAkepha nahIM hovAthI temanAM mUlyAMkanamAM keTalAka doSa na javuM vasaMtatraAvI che. raMgaberaMgI phUle UghaDayAM che. paNa rahI javA pAmyA che. dA. ta. ApaNe tyAM je AdhyAtmika suga dhanA phuvArA phUTa che. 2.bA upara zAkha khUle che. e vicAradhArAo pragaTI tenA mULamAM teo ApaNI Arthika vakhate AMbAvADiyAmAMthI ApaNe pasAra thaIe ne sAthe eka asaddharatA jue che. bhAratamAM anna utpAdana ochuM hovAthI ja.vara paNa pasAra thAya. ApaNe ghaDIbhara thaMbhI jaIe. tamA vrata-upavAsanA khUba mahimA gAvAmAM AvyuM che! Aju bAju joIne AnaMda anubhavI e janAvara pote je AvI rIte ApaNe pita pazcimanI paraMparA ane tethI ukaraDe khaLatuM haze te oLayA karaze pahADanI zebhA para ajJAta hovAthI tyAMnI saMskRti vize keTalAka khoTA khyAle haraNae kAvya karyAnuM neMdhAyuM nathI". dharAtAe chIe. ApaNI saMskRti eTale mahAna saMskRti, dharma ane AdhyAtmikatAnI saMskRti ane pazcimanI saMskRti eTale vikhyAta samAjazAstrI bI. mAline skInA mata kavaLa bhAga vilAsanI saMskRti A khyAla sAva khoTo che. pramANe manuSya anya jIvasRSTithI be bAbatamAM judo paDe che.. kharuM jotAM te saMskRtine pUrva zuM ke pazcima zuM? jyAM jyAM eka zarIrane bAMdhe ane bIjI samAjagata vAra A mAnava tyAM tyAM enI saMskRti vaLI saMskRtinuM pradhAna lakSaNa vidvAnanA mata mujaba samAjagata vArase saMskRtinI gukilI e che ke te e che ke te bIjI saMskRtinI asaro jhIlIne pitAne 3. Social heritase is the key Concept of pravADa vaheto rAkhe che. ApaNI IcchA hoya ke na hoya paNa Culture. A vArasAmAM te cha bAbatene samAveza kare che. videzI saMskRtinI asara ApaNu para ane ApaNI saMskRtinI asara videzIo para thayA vinA rahetI nathI. ApaNI saMskRtinAM (1) Artifacts--cI. sArAM je kaMI mUlyo hoya te bIjAne ApavAmAM ane bIjAnI (2) Goods-mAla. saMskRtinAM tevAM mUlya svIkAravAmAM ja saMskRtinI taMdurastI (3) Tech.n'cal processesyAMtrika prakriyAo. jaLavAI rahe che. koIpaNa saMskRtine ApaNe vADAmAM ke ekaThAmAM bAMdhI zakIe nahIM. Ama karavA jaie te sAMskRtinuM (4) Ideas-vicAre. pita kehavAI jAya, tenI vividha bhAta (design) TakI rahe (1) manubhAI paMcelI : ApaNe, zaibhava ane varase. nahIM. sAMskRtika cetanAnA A saMdarbhamAM bhAratIya saMskRtine mUlavavI joIe. 9) bI. mAlinezajI : "kacara ensAyaklopeDiyA e pha - sozala sAyansisa, ve. dhUma 4. (a) (3) ejana. Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 anekAma ekatA IndradhanuSa jevuM athavA vividha rIte varNa nA rAga jevuM, athavA te divasa rAtrinA praharane anurUpa raNa mAlikA jevuM che - anekAtmaka ekatA (Unity in diversity) e bhAratIya saMskRtinuM pradhAna lakSa che. eka prAcIna kALathI bhAratanI dhArmika sahiSNutA :bhUmi anastram suda dAja rahI hovAthI aneka prajAe sthira dhArmika sahiSNutA e bhAratIya saMsatinuM bIjuM thavA mATe ke vepAra arthe AvatI rahI che. vaLI A badhI prajAo nAM bhinna bhinna AcAra vicAra, raheNI karaNI, Te agatyanuM lakSaNa gaNAvI zakAya bhAratIya sa ja je aneka prajAo ane jAtiono zaMbhumeLo che tema bhAratIya vicAramUlya ane rItarasamenI asara paNa bhAratIya saMskRti para paDI saraNI paNuM ane dharmo, saMpradAya ane AdhyAtmika vicAra che. paragume bhAratIya saMskRpaToLuM vividha raMgI banyuM dhArAonuM saMgamatIrtha che. bhAra nI pU. be e vAnA che te che. bIje pakSe joIe to A badhI prajAe nuM bhAratIyakaraNa dharmonI janetA che keTalAka dharmo ahIM bahArathI AvIne paNa paNu kramazaH thayuM che. bhAratanA ItihAsa nA purAvAo kahe che - vasyA che. to vaLI keTalAka pArasparika asara taLe vasaMkara ke yavane, zake, pahala, kuSANe ane haNee bhAratIya dharma pAmyA che. darzana kSetre astika ane nAstika vicAradhArAo svIkAryo hato. madhya .lamAM musalamAne te Akramaka svarUpe ja maNu ahIM sAthe sAthe vahI che, kayAreka bA bavA AvyA, pariName IslAma ane , saMskRtine saMgharSa zarU va ! mIThI kaDavI TakarAmaNe paNa thaI che te kyAreka ekabIjAnAM thayA. paraMtu samaya jatAM i.ne saMskRtimAM je saMta paraMparA vicAra ta grahaNa karIne keI navI ja mizradhArAo paNa zarU thaI temAM ekatAnA sUra saMbhaLAyA che. rAmAnaMda, kabIra, astitvamAM AvI che! nAnaka, majUra vagara. vANI AnuM uttama daSTAnta pUruM pADe che. ArvAcana kAlamAM je yuropIya prajAo AvI teo paNa itihAsane ugama kAlathI bhAratavarSe dareka dharma ke bhAratIya saMskAra vArasAthI AkarSAI bhAratanA saMskAra vArasAnI saMpradAya paratve samabhAva rAkhyo che. videzI prajAonAM Aka adhine prakAzamAM lAvavAne yaza keTalAka-yuropIya vidvAnone rSaNanuM e eka ka raNuM paNa hoI zake ! bhArate kapAreya potAnI jAya che e hakIkatanI paNa noMdha levI ghaTe. temAMnA keTalAka vicAra saraNI bIjA upara lAdavAnA te bhAratIya saMskRtinA raMge raMgAI gayA hatA jemAM viliyama tanA rAjavIoe bIjA rAjavIo para dhArmika anUnathI dorajanasa, mekasa lara, kItha, pheDa Tika mekasamUlara, kaniMga hAma vAIne AkramaNa karyuM hoya tevo eka paNa prasaMga ItihAsanA jemsa prinsepa, jona mArzala vagere ne gaNAvI zakIe. bhAratanA pAne noMdhAyo nathI. zAsanataMtra mATe taiyAra thanArA IglenDanA mulakI adhikArIo samakSa bhAratane saMskAra vArasA vize kahyuM hatuM. "mane 'dharmA' pratye bhAratIya saMskRtinuM valaNa viziSTa che. pachavAmAM Ave ke kaye sthaLe manuSya pitAnA cittanI keTalIka "dharma' za do . te barAbara ApI zake e eka paNa umadAmAM umadA zakti ane pUrepUro vikAsa sAthe che, zabda duniyAnI bhASAomAM nathI, dhama zabda se kata jIvananI moTAmAM moTI samasyAo para lAMbI najare vicAra 6-dha: ra ta parathI banyA che. dharma eTale dhAraNa karanAra dhama ryo che ane temAMnI keTalIka samasyAono ukela banI kene dhAraNa kare che ? dharma e manuSya, samAja, rASTra ane kADho che, je pleTo ane kenTanI tAtvika vicAra dhArAonA samagra vizvane dhAraNa karanAra cAlaka baLa che. mahAbhAratamAM abhyAsIo mATe vicAravA lAgyA che. to mAre bhArata tarapha veDorA ..paSTa kahyuM, che ke "pIrAma vighA reMja AMgaLI cIMdhavI rahI" 4 udaghatA ghaTT : ' bhAratI saMskRtinA vicArakee hiMdu, jaina, baudha ke zIkha evA ke vADA pADayA nathI. ahIM to badhIye * bhAratIya saMskRtinI e udAratA che ke bahArathI AvelI na de ! samudramAM bhaLI gaI che. vaLI bhAratIya vicArakone videzI prajAne "atithi mA.' kahIne pitAnA udaramAM mana dharma e carcAne ke vitaMDAvAdano viSaya nathI. paNa samAvI che. A videzI prajAonuM evuM te saMmizraNa thaI Acara, . bAbata che. vara vaDha i" =rA e bhAratIya gayuM che ke bhAratIya videzInA bheda sahelAIthI pArakhI zakAtA saMskRtino maDAmaMtra che. svabhAra ane ruci pramANe bhAratane nathI, bhAratIya saMskRtimAM Ama yuge yuge aneka prajAo mAnavI potAnA jIvanane mArga pasaMda karI zake che. bhAratanI ane jAtionuM saMmizraNa thayuM. hevAthI tenuM saMvakRtinuM A dhArmika sahiSNutAne kAraNe ja tenI AMtarika ekatA TakI pita bAhya najare ApaNane veraNa cheraNa lAge paNa AMtarika rahI che. samagra bhArata varSa e bhAratIyane mA potAnuM dharma jotAM tenI ekatAnAM tANa-vANuM spaSTa tarI Ave bhAgvIya kSetra che. bhAratano zraddhALu nAgarika jIvanamAM eka ra cAradhAmanI saMskRtinI A ektA mUlavatAM che. rasikalAla parIkha kahe che. - gaLavApaNa vividha raMgene eka akhilAImAM batAvatAM - che. pra. sikkAla parakha bhA tIya ninI aneka maka 2 tA ke viTi : ''- , diprakAza jUna 1961 4, medasamUlara InDiyA, veTa keTa ITa TIca asa? (aMke putaka 108) sarakRtinI nAM taththa-vAra lAge paNa otara A dhArmika Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha yAtrAnI IcchA dharAve che uttaramAM badrIkedAra ane dakSiNamAM rAdhdhamera, pazcimamAM dvArakA ane pUrvamAM jagannAthapurI ane A badhAM tIrtho eka ja paramezvaranAM che. bhAratanI A adabhuta dhArmika sahiSNutAnI zakita sahelAithI pAmI zakAya evI nathI. sAmAjika ekatA ane kuTuMbavatsalatA. 297 sAmAjika akaya keLavyA vinA ane kuTuMbavatsala anyA vinA koipaNa mAnavI sAMskRtika kheDANa karI zaka nahI e vicAra prathamathI ja bhAratIya saMskRtinA pravartakoe svIkArelA che. samAjanA eka agatyanA aMga tarIke peAtAnu jIvana manuSya kevI rIte ciratA karI zake tene spaSTa nakaze A viroe ApyA che. brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya ane zUdra e cAra varNInA dharmo dvArA bhAratIya vicArakAe eka umadA samAjanA Adarza mUkayA che. samaya jatAM A varNAmAMthI vadAttara kAlamAM aneka jJAtio ane peTA-jJAtie astitvamAM AvI. paraMtu Ama thavAthI bhAratanI sAMskRtika ekatA khaMDita ke vibhAjita thaI che, ema mAnavu e khATo khyAla che. varSAM jJAti beA ane peTA jJAtio dvArA ja bhAratIya saMskRtinuM peta Ajadina sudhI TakI rahyuM che e vAtane svIkAra karyA vanA cAle ema nathI. ahIM bhinna jJAtie peTA-jJAti, jema sAmAjika Adaza raju karavAmAM AvyA che tema Azrama vyavasthA dvArA vyaktinA jIvananA Adeza raju karavAmAM AvyA che. bhAratIya vicArakoe jIvanane seA vanuM kalpI tenI pacIsa pacIsa varSoMnI cAra avasthAe nakkI karI che. A cAra avasthAe ne temaNe ' Azrama' evuM nAma Apyu. Azrama eTale khAI pIne paDayA rahevAnI avasthA ke sthAna nahIM paraMtu jemAM zramanuM mahatva svIkArAyuM che tevI vyavasthA jIvananA cAra Azrama te brahmacaryAMzrama, gRhasthAzrama, vAna svA zrama ane saMnyAsAzrama. brahmacaryAzrama e jIvananeA pAyArUpa Azrama che. A avasthAmAM vidyAthI atyaMta sAdAI ane pavitratAthI gurune ghera rahI vidyA prApta karatA. brahmacaryanu pAlana ane vidyAbhyAsa e tenuM prathama kartavya manAtu jIvanamAM AgaLa upara gRhasthAzramamAM je sukha ane duHkha, TADha ane taDakA AvavAnAM che te sahana karavAnI tAlIma A avasthAmAM apAtI. jIvana e jIvavA yeAgya che. ane te ka zaiAthI bharelI ghaTamALa che. e vAta upara tenuM khAsa dhyAna dAravAmAM AvatuM. brahmacaryAzrama pachI DIjo mahatvanA Azrama gRhasthAzrama manAtA. gurunA ghera vedAbhyAsa karI, jIvanamAM upayAgI thAya. tevI vidyA prApta karI vidyAthI gRhasthAzramamAM pravezatA. lagna e AzramanuM prathama pagathiyuM. bhAratIya saMskR paheraveza, saMpradAyeA ane mAnyatAe sAthe vasatI hAvA chatAM ane yuge yuge temAM aneka parivartana AvyAM hovAM chatAM, khUbInI vAta e che ke te saOmAM sAMskRtika ekatA jaLavAi rahelI jovA maLe che. bhinna bhinna jJAtienA A badhA maNakA bhAratIya saMskRtinA koI eka AdanA taMtumAM parAvAyelA dAya ema lAge che. bhAratIya samAjamAM jAtibheda ane kuTubabhedamAM ApaNane anekAtmaka bhAratIya saMskRti ja jevA maLe che. A vAta spaSTa karatAM kAkAbA e kAlelakara kahe che. kuTubamAM athavA jJAtimAM nAnAmeTA bheda hoya ja che. vayathI sabaMdhI, anubhavathI, akkala heziyArIthI athavA sAmarthyathI nAnA ne moTA evA bheda ja paDe ja che. paNa e bheda vizva rUpa nathI. prathama vAta te e che ke A bheda badhAMe premathI svIkArelA hAya che emAM matabheda nathI hAtA ane bIjI mahatvanI vAta e ke A saMbaMdhamAM je ucca hAya che tene badhAMnA dAsa banavuM paDe che sanI sevA, sarvane sArU svasu khanA tyAgamAM kAipaNa jAtanI maryAdA na heAvI, khaMDa na heAvAranI e ja kuTuMbanu' lakSaNa che. badhAnuM levu sahevuM, badhAMnA Agrahane mAna Apavu, moTA manathI badhAMnA doSo gaLI javA ane samAdhAnapUrvaka badhAnA paganI nIcenI raja banavA sudhI zUnya thavu e ja kuTuMbamAM meTApaNAnu lakSaNa che''d prAnte prAnte khetapeAtAnA alaga alaga AcAra vicAra TavA,timAM lagna e keI karAra nahIM paNa dhArmika pharaja manAya che. lagna karyA bAda gRhastha kuTuMbanA meAbha bane che. kuTubanA mAsAnu pANa karavuM. nyAyathI dhana meLavavuM ane e dhanane lokopakAra mATe samAjanA kalyANa mATe upayAga karavA e Adarza gRhasthanuM lakSaNa manAyuM che. manusmRtimAM jaNAvyA pramANe jema havAthI sajIvo TakI raDe che prema bIjI gu AzrameA gRhasthAzramanA AdhAre ja TakI rahe che. gRhasthI na hoya te brahmacArIne, vAnaprasthIne ke sanyAsIne bhikSA kANu ApavAnu hatu ? A kAraNathI ja gRhasthAzramane bhAratIya saMskRtimAM khUba mahatva ApavAmAM AvyuM che. eka tapasvI karatAM paNa gRhasthanu tapa bhAratIya vicArakoe vadhAre kaparuM gaLyu che. jIvananI trIjI avasthA te vAnaprasthAzrama AtmaparAyaNa tyAgI jIvana gujAravAnI je pravRtti saMnyAsAzramamAM karavAnI tenA prathama zrIgaNeza ahIthI ma`DAya che. pacIsa varSa sudhI je sa'sAramAM svajane sAthe sneha saMbaMdha bAMdhyA hAya tene ekadama kema teADI zakAya ? tethI dhIme dhIme saMsA bahAra rahI tyAgavRtti keLavI A avasthAmAM manuSya potAnA manane sanyAsa tarapha vALavAnuM che. AtmakalyANanI pravRttine ahIMthI ja vega ApavAnA che. AtmA ane para mAtmAnuM ciMtana karavuM, mananI vRttie ekAgra karavI, brahma caryanuM pAlana karavuM, prANImAtra pratye dayAnI dRSTi rAkhavI e vAnaprasthanI mukhya phjo che. sanyAsAzrama e jIvananI bhAratIya samAja vyavasthAmAM bhAratIya vicArakoe gRhasthAzramanuM mUlya vizeSa svIkAyu` che. varNa vyavathA dvArA 6, DhAkA sAheba kAlelakara : jIvana saMskRti chellI avasthA. bahu thADA mANase A Azrama pUro karI zakatA A AzramamAM kevaLa AtmaparAyaNa jIvana gujAravAnA Adeza che. kaThora tapa, ugradehadamana, ane mananI vRtti Jain Education Intemational

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298 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 upara saMyama keLavavo e saMnyAsInI mukhya pharajo che. namratA dhanavaibhava ane bhautika siddhio prApta karavA mATe AMdhaLI deTa ane pavitratA e tenA pradhAna guNa bane che. jIvananI A mUkI che tyAre bhAratIya saMskRtinA keTalAka Adarzone pharIthI avasthAmAM tene nAtajAta ke dezakALanAM baMdhana bAMdhI zakatA sthApita karavAnI jarUra nahIM paNa AvazyakatA che. ApanI nathI. pitAnA ane samAjanA kalyANa mATe teNe eka sthaLethI Aja nI paristhitinuM vizleSaNa karatAM ApaNA nivRtta rASTrapati bIjA sthaLe pharyA karavAnuM che bhAratIya saMskRtimAM tethI ja tene De. sarvapallI rAdhA ne kahe che: "AjanI ApaNI parivrAjaka" kahevAmAM AvyuM che. jagata eja tenuM kuTuMba saMskRtimAMthI sujanatAno lepa thai gayuM che eTale te AtmA bane che. " jagata mAro deza ane sevA mAro dharma' e enuM vinAnA deha jevI thaI gaI che. tene magaja che paNa hRdaya nathI; jIvana sUtra hoya che. saMsArano tyAga karI keIpaNa saMnyAsIe saMkalpa baLa che paNa AtmA nathI. tenuM mana jAga che. paNa samAjane bejArUpa thavAnuM bhAratIya saMskRti kahetI nathI, AtmA sUtele che, pAvitryanI upAsanAne badale ApaNe sattAnI paraMtu satyazodhana karatAM karatAM teNe samAja UMce caDhe che ke pUjA karatA thaI gayA chIe. ApaNAmAM pravezelAM jAdhya ane nIce te paNa jovAnuM che. samAja ane saMskRtinA pAyAmAM ALasa khaMkherI pharIthI ApaNA Adarzo AjanI jarUriyAta rahelAM mUlyanI mAvajata karavAnI che. saMsAramAM rahIne paNa dhyAnamAM rAkhIne prasthApita karIzuM te ja Apa jIvyuM saMnyasta svIkAravAne sidhAnta hiMdazAmAM svIkArAye che. caritArtha thaze. parizrama karyA vinA siddhi ApameLe AvavAnI svAmI rAmakRSNa paramahaMsa svAmI vivekAnaMda, svAmI rAma- nathI. atharvavedamAM kahyuM che ketIrtha, lekamAnya TiLaka, ravindranAtha TAgora, maharSi araviMda ane mahAtmA gAMdhIjI sAcA arthamAM kamalegI saMnyAsIo carannai madhu vindati hatA. caraiveti caraiveti / bhAratIya saMskRtinA bIjAM lakSaNe paNa gaNAvI zakAya cAlyA karo, cAlyA kare je cAle che tene ja vadhu maLe Ama chatAM upara je TUMkamAM mudAo carcA che. te parathI joI che! kamanI A pravRtti evI rIte karavAnI ke sarvanuM kalyANa thAya zakaze. ke bhAratIya saMskRti e karmaveganI saMskRti che. bhAratIya saMskRtimAM kamane ja dharma mAnavAmAM Avela che. sarve'tra sukhinaH santu sarve santu nirAmayA :! jIvana e khAI pIne moja majhA mANavAnuM sa dhana nathI sarve bhadrANi pazyantu bhA kazcida duHkha mApnuyAta !! paraMtu kartavyathI bharelI ghaTamALa che." e bhAratIya saMskRtine duniyAnI prajAne saMdeza che. Aje ApaNe jyAre svArtha, sattA, DI sarva pahelI rAvakuna ( anu. caMdazaka zukala) uMdudhama With Best Compliments Fin Well Wisher

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ufa zem na PLASTICIZERS Dor - Dioctyl Phthlate DIOP - Di-iso octyl Phthalate DAP - Dialphanyl Phthalate DNP - Dinonyl Phthalate D DP - Di-iso Decyl phthalate 610P - Di-alfol 610 phthaate DBP - Dibutyl Phthalate DMP - Dimethyl Phthlate DFP - Diethyi Phthalate for the Plastic Paint and Perfumary Industries available from Pioneers in mar.ufactue of Phthalate Plasticizers Indo-Nippon Chemical Company Ltd. L'aker Bhavan No. 2, 18, New Marin Lives, Bombay-20 BR Works ; (1) Off Lal Bahadur Shastri Marg, Ghatkopir, Bombay-86 A3 (2) Plot No. 2, Nandesari Industrial Area, P. O. Nandesari, Dist. Baroda. Grams : 'PLASTCIZER' BOMBAY Telex ; INNIPON 011 (2081) Phone : 251723 Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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THE SMOKE THAT S GHIC WOULD DO IT FOR YOU COULD BE FROM YOUR OWN FACTORY NAVNIT-12 GUJARAT INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT CORPORATION LTD. NATRAL CHAMBERS. ASHRAM ROAD. AHMEDABAD-9 Jain Education Interational For Private & Personal use only

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bhAratanI sarvatomukhI zAzvata samRdhdhi -rAmanArAyaNa nA. pAThaka jagatamAM bhAratavarSa eka prAcIna mahAna rASTra che. tenI calAvI zake, paNa A kathAo te emane AdhyAtmika preraka savaMte mukhI zA.ta samRddhi vizvanA tamAma dezo karatAM banakhI banI gayuM che. emAMthI teo piSaNa meLave che. e Adarzane ane purAtana che. jIvananAM tamAma kSetromAM bhAratavAsIoe daSTi samakSa rAkhavAthI rASTra unnatinA sarvocca zikhare sAdhelI pragatinAM samartha ItihAsakAroe muktakaMThe vakhANa pahoMcI zakayuM hatuM. karelAM che. kavi kulaguru kAlidAsanAM mahAka raghuvaMza kumAra - nagAdhirAja himAlaya bhAratanI AdhyAtmika saMpattinuM ja saMbhava, zAMkutala; mahAkavi bhavabhUtinuM uttararAmacarita; paMDita nahIM, paNa tanI sAMskRtika, rAjakIya ane Arthika samRddhanuM mAghanuM zizupAlavadha: zrI harSanuM SadhIyacarita, kavi bhAravinuM ugamasthAna che. mahAkavi kAlidAse kahyuM che tema e samasta kirAtAjunIyam' vagere saMskRta sAhityanA AbhUSaNarUpa graMtha pRthvInA mAnadaMDa che ? bhAratavarSanI saMskRtinAM ciraMjIva smAraka che. e mahAkAvyane lIdhe bhAratavarSa jagamazahUra banyuM. dharma, saMskRti ane sAhi. tyakSetre bhAratanuM nAma amara karanArA e graMtha bhAratanA astyuttadasyAM dizi desatAtmA, himAlayo nAma nagAdhi mUlyavAna AbhUSaNarUpa che. jarmana, pheMca, aMgrejI, raziyana pUrvApa / tAnidhi, dagAhma, sthita pRthivyA iva mAnadaMDaH // vagere bhASAomAM tenAM bhASAMtara thayelAM che. jarmana mahAkavi himAcalanA himAcchAdita zikharanI godamAM pracaMDa gethe zAMtila" vAMcIne nAcI UTho hato. vizvasAhityanA himaprapAta ane himanadIone tIre, gADha araNyamAM jemaNe graMthamAM mAnavI mAnavI vaccenA saMbaMdhanAM suMdara varNana hajAro varSa payata tapa karIne satyanAM UMDAM rahasyone zodhyAM, thayelA che, paNa pazu, pakSI ane vanaspati sRSTi sAthenuM mAna. evA mahAna tapasvIo bhAratIya adhyAtmajJAnanA Adha vanuM tAdAbhya mahAkavi kAlidAse zakuMtalAnI vidAya veLAe zodhake hatA. je manahara ane bhAvavAhI zailimAM batAvyuM che te anekhuM che. rAmAyaNamAM kuTuMbajIvanano Adarza rajU thayela che. mahAsana taeta pRthvI bhAratamAM samAjanAM jIvananAM anekavidha pAsAMo sAthe Adarza ane vyavahAranAM citre ApelAM che. zrImad bhAgavata bhakti "satya ane tapa vaDe A pRthvI TakI rahI che, evuM ane jJAnanuM sarvottama kAvya che. mahAbhAratamAM AvelI zrImad mahAna vAkapa uccAranAra RSio e bhAratanI saMskRtinA bhamavada gItA e saumAM ziromaNirUpe birAje che. gItAne A dha sarjaka hatA. e bhAratIya saMskRtinI AdhArazilA saMdeza sarvavyApaka che. hiMdu dharmane e dArzanika pAye che. hatI. prAcIna samayamAM bhAratane prANu himAlayanAM araNyamAM, kurukSetra e AtmAnI karmabhUmi che. AtmAnA vikAsane avagaMgA-jamanAnA tIraprAMtamAM dhabate hate. Aje hajAro varSa rodhaka thaI paDatA zatruo te kare che. pralebhanene sAmane pachI paNa sAmavedanAM e madhura gAna jagatanA tattvajJAnIone karIne ane vAsanAone kAbumAM laIne arjuna mAnavInuM preraNA ApI rahyAM che. rAjya pAchuM meLavavA mathe che. pragatino mArga yAtanAothI bharelo che ne paLepaLe tyAga karavo paDe che. bhAratavAsIoe bhAratavarSanI saMskRtinAM be phephasAM samA mahAkAvyo gItAnA upadezane AtmasAt karIne AdhyAtmika kSetre bhAre rAmAyaNa ane mahAbhArata vizvasAhityamAM adyaparyata addhi- unnati sAdhI che. bhAratavAsIo bAhya saMpatti karatAM AMtatIya ane sarvottama gaNAya che. mahAkavi vAlmiki ane vyAsa ki. rika saMpattine prAcIna samayathI bhAre mahatva ApatA AvyA che. e bhAratanA jAgrata AtmA che. temaNe ApelAM kAvyo bhAratavAsIonAM saghaDataramAM seMkaDo varSathI satata preraNA bhAratIya citra, kalA, saMgIta, sAhitya, zilpa, sthApatya ApI rahyAM che. rAmAyaNa-mahAbhAratanAM pAtro bhAratavAsIone darekamAM mAnavamananA ucca bhAvo daSTigocara thAya che, abhijAta mana pitAnAM kuTuMbIjano jevAM nikaTanAM svajane lAge che. sauMdarya pratIta thAya che. e joIne jagatanA saMskAra premI eTalAM badhAM e rASTranA jIvanamAM otapra 1 banI gayelAM che. mAnavIo sAnaMdAzcarya anubhave che. Arya hadayanAM sarvocca zrImad bhAgavatakathAnI pArAyaNa dareka grAmavAsI dara varSe eka guNanuM darzana ApaNane samAjanA vividha kSetromAM spaSTa paNe vAra te avazya sAM maLe che. rojiMdA bhajana vinA teo kadAca thAya che. ajaMtAnA kalAmaMDape bhAratIya saMskRtinAM sarvottama Jain Education Intemational

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302 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 daramiyAna je zAka, AbhAra bhAratIvAsIe racanA, kAve che. rahyuM che gaDani guNa bho phaLaphalaka bhUmimAM pratIka che. dakSiNanAM bhavya maMdira ane goputromAM AryahRdayanI che, atithionuM bhAvapUrvaka, svAgata kare che, savAra sAMja surUci jovA maLe che. bhArata-varSanI tenA suvarNayuga vakhatanI maMdiramAM jaIne prArthanA kare che. e mahAna pravAsIo svadeza 1 jAhojalAlIlInA varNane videzI pravAsIoe karelAM che. javA taiyAra thayA tyAre temanAmAM mAnamAM bhavya vidAya samAraMbha yojavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. temaNe pitAnA sanmAnanA - hyu-ena-saMga ane phAhiyAna bauddha dharmanuM jJAna prApta karavA mATe bhAratamAM AvyA hatA. temaNe potAnA nivAsa uttaramAM uparanI bAbate kahI saMbhaLAvI ane chevaTe eka daramiyAna je joyuM, anubhavyuM, te jagatanI sAme raju karyuM sarasa vAka kahyuM : che. khAnapAna, pozAka, AbhUSaNa, raheThANu, zikSaNa, svacchatA, "thataiH vAna guna gA gatta : Arogya, samAja-vyavasthA darekamAM bhAratIvAsIo jagatanA arthe bIjAnA guNa batAvIne pitAnA guNanAM darzana kaI paNa deza karatAM samRddha hatA. suvyavasthita nagara racanA, karAve che. 6: TUM. svaccha ane vizALa rAjamArgo, vizALa ughane, kriDAMgaNe, sabhAmaMDapa, raMgamaMDapa, sarvaghamanAM prArthanA maMdire e dareka AmAM ghaNuM meTuM 2sya raheluM che. saMta tuva nIdAsajIe vastumAM kalA, kArIgIrI ane saMskAritAnuM darzana thatuM hatuM. kIra caritAna na thata hata. " rAmacaritamAnasa' mAM sajajane punuM suMdara varNana kareluM cheH jaDacetana guNadeSamya, vizva hinda karatAra, dharmasabhAo, mahAjana maMDaLInI sabhAo ke rAjaya saMta haMsa guNa gahahiM, paya parihari vAri vikAra." sabhAo, darekamAM nizvita karelA niyamo hatA. takatAonAM vyAkhyAmAM vicAra vANI ane AcaraNanI ekatA dRSTigocara A jagata jaDa ane cetana, guNa ane deSanA mitrathI thatI. tene lIdhe zretAjane upara tenuM vajana paDatuM hatuM. sarjana hAre banAveluM che. haMsa jevA saMte temAMthI avaguNa choDIne guNa grahaNa kare che. ; gaMgA, yamanA Adi nadIonA tIraprAMtanI rasALabhUmimAM bIjAnA guNa jovA te guNI mANasanuM kAma che athavA aDhaLaka pAka nIpajatuM hatuM. vADIomAM phaLaphUlathI bagIcA bIjI rIte kahIe te guNavAna mANasa ja sAmAnA guNa joi lacI paDatA hatA gesadanamAM haSTapuSTa suMdara gAya ane tenAM zake che. dareka manuSyamAM guNa ane avaguNa rahelA che, paNa rUpALAM vAcharU mAnavamanamAM ApoApa vAtsalyabhAva jAgrata pitAnA doSa jevA ane te dUra karavA ane bIjAnA guNa karatAM hatAM. dUdha, dahIM ane ghInI nadIo vahetI hatI. kapA jovA e saMtanuM lakSaNa che. sajajane hamezAM sAmAnA sadusanAM khetare dUdhiyA mahAsAgaranI mAphaka hileLA letAM hatAM. guNe ja jue che. ane sAMgAmAcI upara besIne kAMtI zakAya tevA meTA carakhA upara strIo ekadhAruM vaLadAra sUtara kAMtatI hatI. uttama zAstramAM haMsadRSTi ane kAkaSTi evI jagatane jovAnI prakAranI kArIgIrI jANanArA vaNakare jhINuM sUtara ane bArIka be dRSTi kahela che. AryaprajA ATalI samRddha banI ane rezamamAMthI mulAyama vastro vaNIne taiyAra karatA hatA. prAMtaHkA jAhejalAlInA zikhare pahocI zakI tenuM kAraNu tenA hadayanA bamAM patharAyelI jhAkaLanAM jevAM e suMdara vastro dezavidezamAM ucca guNe ane jagatane haMsadRSTithI jovAnI vRtti ja mukhya bhAratanI khyAti prasarAvatA hatA. sIsama, sukhaDa vagere UMcI kAraNarUpa hatI. bhAratanA suvarNayuganI jAhojalAlI joIne jAtanA lAkaDAmAMthI kotaraNI karIne taiyAra karavAmAM Avela jagatanA pravAsIo mugdha banatA, paNa je tattvajJAnIo, rAcaracIlAthI rAjAonA prAsAdo, zrImaMtenI havelIo vicArake, duSiradeza daSTAo bhAratamAM kadI AvyA paNa na zobhatI hatI. eTaluM ja nahi, paNa janapadamAM dUra dUra AvelA hatA, jemaNe bhAratanI jAhojalAlI najare nihALI na hatI, nAnAM nAnAM gAmamAM lagabhaga dareka grAmavAsInA gharamAM e daMteo bhAratIya tatvajJAna, sAhitya, kalA dvArA bhAratIya kArIgIrI jovA maLatI hatI. gUMpaDAM jevAM ghare nI mATIthI saMskRtinuM subhaga darzana karIne mugdha banyA hatA. lIpelI dIvAla upara sapheda ane lAla mATInAM lIMpaNathI prAcInakALathI mAMDIne bhAratavarSanA suvarNayuganA banAvelI pRSThabhUmi upara pazu, pakSI ane mAnavInAM citro madhyAhnakALa sudhI bhAratanI sarvatamukhI jAhojalAlI ApaNane zobhatAM hatAM A badhI te bahAranI jAhojalAlI hatI, paNa 17 jovA maLe che tenI pAchaLa eka bIjuM paNa rahasya raheluM che. AMtarika saddaguNanI samRddhinuM e darpaNa hatI. kaI paNa kuTuMba, gAma, prAMta ke rASTra potAno vikAsa tyAre ja videzI musApharoe bhAratavarSanA suvarNayuganuM varNana sAdhI zake jyAre tenAmAM satyaniSThA, nirbhayatA, pramANikatA, kareluM che, temAM sarvasAmAnya prajAnA guNe darzAvyA che. teo paraspara sadUbhAva, udhamaparAyaNatA vagere saddaguNa saMpUrNapaNe lakhI gayA che ke bhAratavAsIo kadI jUThuM bolatA nathI, tuM khIlyA hoya. samAjanA agraNIonA jIvanamAM A guNa bIjAne chetaratA nathI, gharanAM bAraNu khullAM rAkhIne sUe che, pUrNapaNe prakAzatA hoya, "sAduM jIvana ane ucca vicAra! pADezI pratye premabhAva rAkhe che, saunA bhalAmAM potAnuM bhaluM e sUtra dhArmika, sAmAjika ane rAjakIya netAonA jIvanamAM jue che, kajiyA-kaMkAsa karatA nathI, paraspara premabhAva rAkhe 'mUta thayeluM hoya. tenuM eka ja udAhara, basa thaze . tapAsIe kadI jUThuM bolata: 'paNapaNe prakAzatA hAya karIya netAone jIvanamAM Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha mahAna musAphara megesthinisa magadha dezanI rAjadhAnI pAli putramAM AvIne vasyA hatA. eka divasa e mahAamAtya viSNugupta cAlukayane maLavA gaye. zeNu nadItA kinArA upara rAjayakartA enA nivAsa avelA hatA. suda yubhita bhavanA pAsethI pasAra thatAM videzI pravAsI chevADa nA bhAgamAM pahoMcyA tyAM eka ghAsanI chAyelI vizALa pamALA hatI te batAvIne lAkha e megeiinasane kahyu N A sAme dekhAya che te mahAamAtyane nivAsa." e vakhate prAtaHkALa / samaya hato. zeNu nadImAM snAna karIne mahAamAtya cAlyA AvatA hatA. hyu-ena-saMga tenI sAme jei rahyo. pagamAM cAMkhaDI, tenI sudhI paheAcatuM dhotiyuM, eka khabhA upara pANInA ghaDo, bI khaMbhA upara dhoine ghaDI pADIne rAkhelu upavastra, dhe mAthe vizALa bhAla ugatAM sUryanA kiraNeAmAM dIpI rahyuM che, meTI zikhA, khaMbhA upara chUTTI vIkharAyelI paDI che, zudra yajJopavita dhAraNa kareluM che, U'cuM paDachaMda zarIra ane utAvaLI cAle cAlyA AvatA cANakayanI sAme megesthinasi mAnabhera nIrakhI rahyA. atithine jotAM ja mahAamAtyanA vizALa netro camakI UDayA. teo sIdhA peAtAnI pakuTimAM gayA. pANIne ghaDA ema bAju para mUkayA upavastra sUkavyu ane AMgaNAmAM AvI ubhelA atithine nIcA vaLIne praNAma karyAM. videzI elacI maigasthitisa mahAamAtya cANakayanI A mulAkAtanuM bahu suMdara hRdayaMgama vana lakhaOM' che. temAM emaNe khAsa e vastu upara bhAra mUkayA che ke, "kAmarUpathI kAbUla sudhI magadhanA sAmrAjyanA vistAra karanAra A prabhAvazALI rAjapuruSanuM atyaMta sAdu', saMyamI sAtvika jIvana joie huM bhAre prabhAvita banyA, 'sAduM vana ane ucca vicAra' AnuM e mahAna sUtra meM viSNugupta cA kayamAM mUrtikAMta thayeluM. joyuM. koi paNa jAtanI bAhya sattA vinA AtmazakitathI nadarAjAnA AkhA vaMzanuM nikaMdana kADhanAra ane caMdraguptane gAdI apAvanAra viSNugupta cANakaya eka ajoDa vyakita hatA. temanI tIvra buddhipratibhA, rAjanIti, kauzalya, hiMmata, sAhasikatA, samayasUcakatA manuSyane pArakha vAnI ajaba zita e badhAnA mULamAM temanI sadA jAgrata evI izvara aa rahelI DatI." Akhare navAM bIjA ane dRSTAMta pUrva ane pazci manI jAheAjaDAlI. bhautika saMpatta vaccenA bheda batAve che. Aje pazcimanA dezo khAsa karIne amerikA peAtAnI aDhaLaka dhanadolatane jAheAjalAlIthI jhaLahaLI rahyuM che. tyAM lagabhaga dareka mANase eka meTara che. a. keTalAka mArgo upara kalAkanA 80 kileAmiTarathI ochI jhaDape moTara hAMkI zakAtI nathI. ane vimAnanA veganI tA vAta ja zI karavI ? tyAMnA gaganacUkhI mahAlayA ane temAMnu bahu mulyavana rAcaracIku sane AMjI nAkhe te ' che. khAnapAna, pAzAka AhArarivAra, Jain Education Intemational 303 ramatagamata, maneArajananA sAdhanA dareka bAbatamAM amerikAnI jAheAjalAlI samRddhinI Toce paheAMcI che, paNa tyAM mANasane japa nathI, zAMti nathI, svasthatA nathI, saMteASa nathI, eTale e jAhejalAlI dekhAvamAM game teTalI maneAhara lAgatI hoya te paNa mAnavajAtane zAzvata sukha ApI zakatI nathI. sUva mRganI peThe e mANasanI tRSNA vadhAryA kare che ane Akhare ene thakavI nAkhe tevA vinAzanA paMthe ene khabara na paDe e rIte dorI jAya che. jyAre bhAratavaSa nA suvarNayuga veLAnI jAhejalAlI judA prakAranI hatI. e vakhate dareka mANusane, nagaravAsI tathA grAmavAsIone khAnapAna ane AhAra vihAranI pUrI sagavaDa hatI. ApaNe AgaLa joI gayA tema sAhitya, saMgIta, kalA vagere kSetromAM bhArata jagatane mokhare hatuM. bhAratanuM grAmajIna sukhI ane samRddha hatu, zAMta ane svastha hatuM. udyamI ane izvaraparAyaNa hatu. satASa e jIvanano pAyeA hatA. eTale e yuganI jAheAjalAlI saune mATe sukharUpe banI hatI. e jamAnAmAM nagarA bahu ceDAM hatAM. moTA bhAganI vastI gAmaDAemAM vastI hatI. AjanI jevuM baMdhAraNapUrNAMkanu paMcAyatI rAja te vakhate na hatuM. chatAM, samasta gAmanA vikA sanI vyavasthA hatI te vakhate gAmanI aMdara becAra vyaktie pAse ja vadhAre dhana hatu, vadhAre saMpatti hatI. paraMtu, khIjA mANasAne tenI irSA thatI na hatI. kAraNa ke lagna, meTA tahevAra, utsava ke evA samAraMbhanA prasaMge e lokonI sapatti samasta gAmanA upayeAgamAM AvatI. game te kAmanA sAmAnyamAM sAmAnya mANasane ghera prasaMga haiAya tyAre mahemAne mATe gAdalAM-gaDhaDAM ThAma vAsaNa, cAkaLA-caMdaravA, are ! ghareNu gAMThAM suddhAM upayegamAM AvatAM. pacAsa varSoMnI uMmara vaTAvI gayelA sAMdhI samagra gAmanA kAmamAM potAnA samayanA sadupayeAga karatA. gAmanA vRddhajanA peAtAnA gharane vahIvaTa uMmaralAyaka dIkarAne gAmanI vikAsanI yAjanA karatA ane tevAM kAmeA karavAmAM gaurava anubhavatA ane jIvananI kRtAtA mAnatA, Ane pariNAme eka kahevata cAlatI ke, 'mAre na hateA mArA paDozIne hajo.' bIktanI sapatti joine, enI caDhatI joine, AMkhamAM amI varasatu. tene piraNAme gAmamAM saMpane urjAsa dekhAte. bhAratavarSanI jAheAjalAlInuM mULa A vastumAM rahetu hatu. bIjI paNa eka ati mahatvanI vastu pUnI saMskRtimAM e hatI ke AdhyAtmika ke bhautika samRddhinI pAchaLa tyA ane tapazcaryAM rahelAM hatAM. zIkhAnu' amRtasaranu' suvarNu ma Mdira taiyAra karavAmAM aMgrejonI AvatI bAdazAhIne ekale hAthe khAlI rAkhanAra mahArAjA raNajItasiMha jevA samatha puruSe potAne mAthe paththara laine caNavAmAM bhAga lIdhA hatA. dakSiNanA maMdiranAM bhavya gopurA UbhA karavAmAM pAMDaya vaMzanA rAjAonA mANu-evA ja kALA rahelA che. videzIonA AkramaNa pachI bhAratamAM je zilpasthApatyanA namUnArUpa bhavya imAratA UbhI thai

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ne rahelA, mahAni nAmanA suMdara gAmamAM pIMka Adara darzAvatA. e eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 che te che ke adbhuta che, chatAM enI pAgaLa tyAga ane tapazcaryA svAmI vivekAnaMda amerikAnI yAtrAethI hiMdu dharmane rahelAM nathI. yuropamAM paNa romanA bhavya devaLomAM je pavitra vizvamAM DaMko vagADIne svadeza pAchA pharyA tyAre rAmavadana tAne anubhava thAya che tenI pAchaLa lAMbA samayanI tapazcaryA mahArAjAe temanuM bhavya svAgata karyuM hatuM. dakSigunA sumita rahelI che, jAhojalAlI ke samRddhinI pAchaLa kayo hetu rahele meTA ratha upara svAmIjI birAjamAna thayA ane e rathane che e mukhya vastu che, tenI upara vizvazAMti ane mAnavakalyA- sabaso mANasa jAte kheMcavA lAgyA. emAM rAjayakartAo, Nane AdhAra rahele che. zrImaMte, kheDUte, kArIgaro e tamAma varganA pratinidhio - mahAtmA gAMdhIjI sane 1931 mAM goLamejI pariSadamAM hatA. khuda mahArAjA paNa e rathane kheMcavAmAM joDAyA. e laMDana gayA hatA tyAMthI yAchA pharatAM teo svijharalAMDamAM rachAe jamAnAmAM rAjA devanI mAphaka pUjatA. rAmanadane maDArAjA dezavaTo laIne rahelA, mahArSi romA rolAne maLavA gayA hatA. vayamAM paNa meTA hatA. svAmIjIne amerikA javAmAM Avika eka zAMta sarovarane tIre AvelA vIlanava nAmanA suMdara gAmamAM sahAya paNa karelI. svAmIjI temane patro lakhatA te mAM bahu teo vasatA hatA. e be mahAna AtmAonuM milana apUrva bhAvapUrvaka Adara darzAvatA. eTale dIvAna sAhebe svAmI hatuM. yuge pachI prApta thAya e e subhaga prasaMge hate. vinaMtI karI : " svA pIjI mahArAja, amArI pAthe mahA e banne mahApuruSenI vAtacItamAM mAna saMskRtinA rakSaNane rAjA sAheba ratha kheMcavAmAM joDAyA che te barAbara nathI. teo prazna mukhya hatuM. e vakhate hiTalaranI nAjhI senA yuroyana sAthe ApanI sAthe ratha upara birAje evuM ame IcchIe chIe. taLAI rahI hatI. eTale romA rolAe gAMdhIjIne kahyuMH Apa temane samajAvIne ApanI pAse besADo." " Aje yuropanI mahAna saMskRti bhayamAM che. seMkaDe svAmIjI yugapuruSanuM mRdu hAsya hasyA ane evA varSanA tyAga ane tapazcaryAthI nirmANa thayelI sAmahAna saMskRti isa : "mahArAjA tamArI sAthe joDAyA te barAbara che e kayAM vinAzanA Are AvIne UbhI che. AjanuM vijJAna bhatika, vivekAnaMdane ratha kheMce che?" Ama kahIne svAmIjIe pitAnuM samRddhi game teTalI vadhAratuM hoya, paNa e vijJAnane upaga bhagavuM vastra be hAthe pahoLuM karIne batAvyuM ane bhavya cAnavI sarjanane mATe nahi, paNa vinAzane mATe karI rahyo che. mAnavajAtane emAMthI ugArI levAne upAya ApanA satya uddagAra kADhayA : teo eka saMnyAsIno ratha kheMcI rahyA che. sattA ane lakSamI jyAM sudhI tyAga ane tapazcaryAne ratha ane ahiMsAmAM rahele che." ratha kheMcaze tyAM sudhI ja bhArata varSa raheze." A dRSTae jotAM bhAratanI prAcIna jAhojalAlI enA suvarNa yugamAM zIkhare pahoMcI hatI te Aje naSTaprAya thayelI bhAratanI prAcIna saMskRtinuM A rasya hatuM. bhAratanI jaNAya che. ene badale pazcimanI uparanA caLakATanI AMkhane samRddhi ane jAhojalAlInI pAchaLa A bhavya Adarza rahele AMjI nAkhe tevI vikAsa ne vaibhavanI jAhojalAlI bhAratanA hato. ane tene lIdhe ja bhAratIya saMskRti jagatabharamAM zaheromAM UbhI thatI jAya che ane jeo e vaibhava mANI sanmAna pAmI. Aje paNa tenuM je gauravabharyuM sthAna che, zakatA nathI. evAM sAdhano UbhAM karI zakatA nathI, evA tenI pAchaLa paNa tene A Adarza rahele che. karaDe mAnavIonI IrSAno e bhega bane che. enAthI vinAza sarjAya che. - bhArata varSanI jAherajalAlImAM nakalI senAne caLakATa bhAratanI jAhojalAlI soLe kaLAe saMpUrNa paNe khIlI rahI nathI, paNa zuddha kuMdananuM zAMta teja jhaLahaLI rahyuM che. videzI hatI e samayamAM rAjA prajA vacce paraspara premabhAva hate. onA AkamaNanI sAthe e saMskRti jokhamamAM mukAI che, garIba ane tavaMgara bhaNelA ane abhaNu, nagarajano ane tenI vAraMvAra agni parIkSA thaI che. ane temAthI e zuddha grAmajane,, buddhijIvI ane zramajIvI vacce bhedabhAva na hatuM, kuMdana banIne bahAra AvI che. bhAratIya saMskRtinA sugya pratinidhi svAmI rAmatIrthanA udgAra sAthe A lekha pUre paNa sunameLa hate, ekabIjA pratye IrSA na hatI paNa Adara ma hato. sAMkaLanA maMkaDAnI peDhe Akho samAja ekarUpa ane saMga- 7 Thita hatuM. tene pariNAme samRddhinuM nirmANa thaI zakatuM hatuM kaMdana ke hama Dele hai, jaba cAhe taba galA le, rAjA sattAnuM pratIka ho ane nagarazeTha dharmane pratinidhi bAvara na ho te tumake, basa Aja AjamA le hate. paNa lakSamI ane sattA sarvazreSTha gaNAtA na hatA, paNa vidyA ane tapa, jJAna ane tapazcaryA zreSTha gaNAtA hatA. kuMdana hama Dale huM " jaNAya che tathA vikAsane e vaibhava mA tenI pAchaLa paNa tenA A Jain Education Intemational

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vAyavya bhArata ane kuzANa saMskRti ema, vI, meghANI bhAratavarSanA prAcIna ItihAsane sau prathama prabhAvazALI parvatamALAnI vacce AveluM hatuM.A pradezamAMthI temane rAjavaMza mauryavaMza hatuM. paraMtu maunA patana pachI ane haNAe tagaDayA." khAsa karIne priyadarzI azokanA mRtyu pachIthI mAMDIne te cheka guptanA udaya sudhIne (I. sa. 320) kAla te samayanA maLatA yuecIeNuM sthaLAMtara ghanuM karIne I.pU. 165 mAM ochA purAvAone lIdhe aMdhakAramAM vilIna thaI gayo che. thayAnuM ghaNu vidvAnee svIkAryuM che. haNe sAthenI athaDAA samagra kAla daramiyAna saMskRtinI vaNajhAra aTakI nahotI maNamAM yuecIne netA marAyo ane pachI temaNe pazcima tarapha keTalAMka videzI rAjakulee bhAratanI vAyavya sarahade ane khasavA mAMDayuM vaLI pharI pAchA teo haNonA hAthe hAryA ane paMjAba sudhI ghusI AvIne zAsana karyuM hatuM. I. sa. pU.nI AgaLa vadhIne ili nadInA pradezamAM vasyA. A pradezamAM pahelAM pahelI ane bIjI sadImAM sIriyA grIka, ane sithiyAnA vu-suna' (wu sun) jAti vasatI. yuecao sAme teo AkramaNakAro dhusI AvyA ane temaNe 300 varSa sudhI rAjya TakI na zakyA ane pradeza che. yuecI ToLIne mATe A karyuM, ane grIka bekiTrayAI saMskRtinuM nirmANa thayuM. bhAra pradeza nA hatuM eTale pAchA temaNe ucALA bharyA. paraMtu tane lAgevaLage che tyAM sudhI morya sAmrAjyanA patana pachI ahIMthI yuecI ToLI be zAkhAmAM vaheMcAI gaI. eka zAkhA samagra uttara bhArata upara videzI prajAnuM eka mahAna sAmrAjya nAnA yuecI tarIke oLakhAI. teo dakSiNe tibeTanI sarahada UbhuM thayuM te hatuM kRSANasAmrAjya upara kuSANa samrATane kAla tarapha giLiTa ane pAmIra parvata tarapha jaIne vasyA. bIjI bhAratIya saMskRti pragADha asara nipajAvanAra banI rahyo. teNe zAkhAnA meTA yuecI tarIke oLakhAyA. teo ahIMthI pazcime bahAranI duniyA sAthe bhAratane saMbaMdha vadhAryo. pUrva ane madhya AgaLa vadhIne siradarayA pahoMcyA A pradezanI uttare vasatI eziyAnAM dvAra bhAratIya saMskRti mATe khullAM thayAM. kAraNa ke saI' yA "seka" yA " zaka" prajA sAthe teo saMgharSamAM AvyA hindu ane roma tathA hiMda ane cIna vacce e madhyastha zake hAryo ane pradeza khAlI karIne temAMnA keTalAka jevuM hatuM pazcime eka bAju rema ane grIsanI duniyA, kipinakASiza tarapha gayA ane keTalAka bahalika tarapha jatA rahyA. bIjI bAju pUrvamAM cInanI duniyA tathA dakSiNe hiMdustAna A pradezamAM paNa yuecI TharI ThAma thayA nahIM. pUrve ane e traNenI vacce mahAkAya kuzAna (kuSANa ) temanA ja hAthe hArelA ane mAryA gayelA yusuna jAtinA sAmrAjaya eziyAnI pITha upara beThuM hatuM. bhAratamAM banA rAjanA kumAre moTA thaIne haNonI madadathI yuecaone ahIM rasathI viMdhyAcaLa sudhI Akheya uttara hindustAna, sAyavya harAvyA yuecI ahIMthI khasIne AmUriyA (okasasa) nA sarahada, aphaghAnistAna, kAza ga 2, yArakaMda, khetAna A pradezamAM jaIne vasyA. A pradeza su (sejhIyAnA) nAme sAmrAjayanI nIce hatAM. pazcime tenI sarahada IrAna ane oLakhAtuM. AgaLa jaIne temaNe bAhalika pradeza paNa lIdhe ane ahIM vaselA zakene sthaLAMtaranI pharaja pADI. bAhalika pArthiyAne aDatI. pradezane rolinsana bekiTrayA tarIke oLakhe che. mana itikuSANenuM mULa - X D.C. Sircar, The Age of Imperil unity, kuSANe mULa yuecI yA yucI ToLInI eka zAkhAmAMthI chapterix. P. 136 utarI AvyA hatA. yuecIo cInanA kAna su prAMtanI vAyavya 5 cIna dezanA itihAsakAro ne * hi maM ga nu ? bAjue vaselA A pradeza tuna-huAMga deza ane tIena-zAna (Hiung-nu) nAme oLakhatA. ( 1 Will Durant, The Story of Civilization 6 DI.sI. sarakAra The Age of Imperial unity P. 450 P. 136 smitha mahAdaya I.pU. 174 ane 165 varanI tArIkha Ape che. (The oxford History of India P. 147 Jawaharlal Nehru, Glimpses of world 3rd Edition) 2440 HAL 2 NL 2:411414 y. History, P. 126 aMka-1 mAM De, rameza jamInadArane lekha (pA.TI. 37-38) 3 vIlaDurAM temane temane maLatI eka jAtinA kahe che. 7 saMskRtamAM tene "vasu' tarIke oLakhAvela che. The story of (Civilization p. 450 ) paDita naheru 8 DI sI. sarakAra paNa noMdhe che ke, siradarayAnA pradezamAM temane meMgela athavA tene maLatI jAtinA kahe che; ejana pRSTha 125 "yu. ecI ' ne vuM-sunanA kumAre haNe sAthe maLIne harAvyA ne Jain Education Intemational

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u06 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA-bhAga-2 hAsakAre ekiyAnA vijetAo tarIke cAra jAtionAM nAme grIka rAjA harsiyasanuM grIka bhASAmAM nAma che. ane avaLI bAMdhe che. emAMnI eka jAti "a" (Assai) hatI. A bAjue kharASThi limAM " ku kula kamsa, ku.ANu yasa, dharmaaseI' e "yusI" hovA joIe. " sthita" lakhyuM che. AmAM koI rAjakIya birU nathI. tene mAtra kuSANene vaDo kahyo che. jyAre tenA pAchaLanA samayanA A pradezamAM yuecInuM e aMtima sthaLAMtara hatuM. sikakAomAM "mahArAja, mahAna, rAtirAja birUda teNe temaNe have ekasasa (vaMdhru ) nadInA uttara pradezamAM sembrIyAnA dhAraNa karyA che. ane hArmikasanuM nAma nathI. eTale zarU(Adhunika samarakaMda-bokhArA) mAM rAjadhAnI sthApI. cInI AtamAM kadAca kabula kaDhaphiza A grIka rAjAnA khaDiye paNa samrATe I. pU. 135 mAM cAMga-kIna (cAMga kayAna) ne A hoya evo paNa eka mata che ke teNe kAbulanA grIka rAjA pradezamAM eTalA mATe mokalele ke te yuecIne haNe upara harsiyasa (hemeya) nI madadathI ja yu cInI anya cAra AkramaNa karavA taiyAra kare ane e rIte cIna taraphanuM temanuM TeLIone jItI hatI. vaLI teNe herameyanI maitrI sAdhIne dabANa ghaTe10 A cAMga-kIne yuecInI rAjadhAnInI mulAkAta enI sattAno aMta ANanAra pahala (pArthiyano) pAsethI lIdhI tyAre" yuecI" zamarakaMda ane vaMzu nadI vaccenA pradezamAM kAbula--kaMdahAranA pradeza paDAvI lIdhA. 13 vaselA hatA cAMga-kInanAM ahevAla che. pU. 125 ne che bAlika pradezamAM vasyA pachI yuecaonAM pAMca - kujula kadaphize cInI paraMparA pramANe eMsI varSa jeTaluM rAjya astitvamAM AvyAM 1. heo-mI 2. zuAMga-mI lAMbuM AyuSya bhagavyuM. teNe kuSANanA pitAnA pradeza uparAMta 3. kuI-zuAMga (Kuei-Shuang) 4. hIna pa. ka - hiMdukuza parva tathI dakSiNe rAjya vistAryuM. kI-pIna (gAMdhAra) lIdhuM jemAM takSazIlAne pradeza paNa AvI jAya kAbula ka dahAra phu. A pAMcamAM kuI-zuAMga e "kuSANu" hatA. 11 ekAda paNa tenA rAjyamAM bhaLyAM. sAMskRtika dRSTie noMdhapAtra bAbata sadI vityA pachI "kuSANu' ToLI vadhAre zaktizALI banI. te e che ke tenA sikkA upara tanAM birudanI sAthe dharma, tenA netA (yavuga) e anya cAra pradezane jItIne eka sthita" ane "satya dharma sthita" vizeSaNo paNa che je tenA zAsana nIce ANyAM. A netA kusula kaDaphiza hato. tenA bauddha dharma hovAnA purAvA Ape che. teNe bauddha dharma apasikakAmAM tene "kuSANa yavugasa" (kurAgono vaDe) 2o che. nA haze ema kahI zakAya. I.sa.nI pahelI sadIkAM bauddha dharma dhIre dhIre kuSANee bhArata ane madhya eziyAmAM suvistRta terI khINanA pradezamAM phelAI cUkayo hato. tyAM bhAratIya sAmrAjya sthApyuM jene pariNAme pazcimanA saMskAra pUrva tarapha lipa-upayogamAM levAtI. bhAratInI vAyavya sthapAyelA iDA -khAsa karIne bhArata tarapha AvyA. grIka, zaka ane InDe pAthe yana rAjyanuM sthAna have InDokuSANa samrAToH sIthiyana rAye lIdhuM 14 jeke haju kurANonI sattA bhAratIya pradeza upara sthapAI nahatI. kujula kadaphiza ( kaDaphisIsa-1) 2 kujula kadaphizanA sikA hiMdukuzanI dakSiNethI maLyA che. tenA A sikakAo) vIma kadaphiza (kaDapharasIsa-2) tenI rAjakIya kArakIrdi samajavA mATe khUba ja upayogI che. kusula kadaphiza pachI tene putra vIma kadaphiza-2 gAdIe zarUAtanA tenA sikakAnI eka bAjue kAbulanA aMtima AvyuM. tenA samayamAM sau prathama kuSANa sattA siMdhu nadIthI pachI teo amUharayA e sasa ) tarapha khasvA, javo ke hara lIne pUrvamAM sthapAI, pUrva gAMdhAra, kAzamIra, paMcAla ane siMdhudeza tAhiyAmAM vayA je pradeza bhakiyA tarIke oLakhAya che. Thu para tenI sattA hatI 15 smitha mahAdaya tenuM zAsana gAMgA-khINamAM Age of Imperial unity, P. 136-37 sahula sAMsakRtya banArasa sudhI ane dakSiNe narmadA sudhInuM mAne che. siMdhu khINa yana paNa tAhiyAne beDa tarIke oLakhAve che jee. - H-- upara paNa tenuM zAsana hatuM. uparAMta mALavA ane pazcima story of Central Asia, P. 99. bhAratanA zaka kSatrapa tenI sarvoparitA svIkAratA.16 Rahul Sankrityayan, History of Central 13. De. hariprasAda zAstrI, prAcIna bhArata bhAga-1 Asia, Part II p. 100. pRSTha-101 10 ejana pRSTha-98 14 yuecI' ToLInAM sIciyana bhASA belatAM, tethI 11 D. C. Sincar, The Ae of Imperial temane sAthiyane kahe che. unity, P. 137 paranI yAdaTIpa. 15 De. hariprasAda zAstrI, pukata pustaka, pRSTha-101 - 12, kuSANa samrATonI tArIkhe viSe ghaNe matabhedra che. 15 Vincent A Smith, The Oxferd History judA judA vidvAne judI judI tArIkhe Ape che. eTale meM of India, P. 148 rAhula sAMkRtyAM na pa ta zAsana jamanA cakkasa koI tArIkhe a.pava nuM TALyuM che. jarUra paDI tyAM carcA nadI sudhInuM mAne che. mAruory of central Asia paNa karI che, P. 106) Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha vIma kada phazanA vizALa sAmrAjyanA vistArane khyAla mathurA, kezAMbI sAranAthamAMthI maLyA che. bhAratamAM tenI sattA tyAMthI prApta thayelA tenA sikkAnA AdhAre Ave che. tene pUva mAM bihAra sudhI hatI. cInI ane tibeTI lekhakenA sikakAonI khAsiyata e che ke teNe sau prathamavAra bhAratamAM jaNAvyA pramANe teNe sokeda (sAta) ane pATaliputra upara senAnA sikakA dAkhala karyA. pahelAM bhAratamAM cAMdI ane saphaLa caDAI karI hatI. baMgALa, orisA ane nepALa upara tAMbAnA cerasa sikakA pracalita hatA. zrIkee goLa AkAranA paNa tene prabhAva hate. gAdI upara AvyA pachI thoDA samasikkA pracalita kya. vIma kadaphizanA suvarNa sikkA remanuM yamAM ja teNe yu pI. upara sattA sthApI dIdhI hatI evuM tenA anukaraNa karIne banAvAyA che. tenAM suvarNa sikakAnuM vajana sAranAthanA lekhanA AdhAre jANavA maLe. 20 vaLI lekhamAM 124 greInsa che. vaLI bhAratamAM tenuM rAjya vistaratAM bhArata vAyavya sarahada pradezanA adhikArIo tarIke daMDanAyaka lala sAthe videzone sIdhe ja saMbaMdha sthapAya. senA nANAMne ane kSatrapa vezyazInAM nAme maLe che. kacchanuM rAjataraMgiNI lIdhe AMtara rASTrIya vepAra mATe vadhu suvidhA thaI zakI. ane bauddha sAhitya tene kAzmIranA rAjA tarIke ullekha kare senAnA sikkAnuM bAhulya e sUcave che ke pazcima taraphathI che. cInI pravAsI yuana zuAMga kaniSkane gAMdhArane rAjA khAsa karIne remathI senuM bhArata tarapha ghasaDAyuM hatuM. kahe che. tenA anugAmIne kAbulathI lekha maLe che. ane 4 alaberunI paNa tene aphaghAnistAnanA zAsaka tarIke noMdhe che. vImanA suvarNa sikakAnA pRSTha bhAge 'zivanI AkRti mathurAthI tenA ghaNu purAvA maLyA che. pazcima bhArata upara che. zivanA DAbA hAtha para brAhma carma che. ane jamaNa tenA kSatrapa tarIke zakenI sattA che ane sAMcimAMthI tenA hAthamAM trizala ane parazune dhAraNa karelAM che. prAkRta bhASAmAM taratanA anugAmIne lekha maLe che. pariNAme siMdha, mALavA, ane khAptilipimAM lakhe che. "mahArAjasa, mahAdirAjasa rAjaputAnA ane saurASTra upara tenI ANa pravartatI hatI. (rAjAdhirAja) sarva lekezvara mahidhara vIma kadakiza" AmAM Ama kaniSkanuM sAmrAjya pUrvamAM bihArathI pazcime kharA mahidharanuM saMskRta rUpa "mAhezvara" mAnIne keTalAka vidvAno sAna sudhI ane uttare khetAnathI dakSiNa bhAratamAM kekaNa tene zivabhakta mAne che. jyAre zrIrAhula sAMskRtyAyananA mate sudhI phelAyeluM hatuM. te che rAjadhAnI purapura (pezAvara)mAM mAtra "mAhezvara" zabdathI tane pho kahe barAbara nathI. hatI. kAraNa A prayoga to "ra nA arthamAM paNa prajI zakAya.' smithe vIma kadaphizano zAsana samaya i. sa. 78 thI 110ne kaniSka pAmIranA bhAge AkramaNa karIne kAzagara, khetAna AvIne tene pAka saMvatane pravartaka kahe che. paraMtu te mATe ane mArakaMda jItI lIdhAM, eka paraMparA kathA evI paNa che ke kaI parAvo maLatuM nathI. jo ke mitha paNa A dizAmAM cInI sabhATanA eka sAmaMta cInI samrATanA eka sAmaMtanA rAjakumArane kaniSka pitAnA kei cekakasa pUrA nathI ema te svIkAre ja che. darabAramAM bAna pakaDIne laI Avyo hato. A kumAra ane kaniSka-kanika-1 tenA nokaree unALe kApizamAM, ziyALe bhAratamAM (paMjAbamAM cIna bhaktimAM) ane vasaMta temaja zarada varSa) vIma kadraphiza pachI sattA upara AvanAra kaniSka -1ne gAMdharamAM gALyAM. kaniSka kApizamAM tene mATe eka vihAra paNa tenI sAtheno saMbaMdha nakakI nathI thaI zakaze. keTalAka tene baMdhAvele paraMtu cInI samrATa hotInA senApati pAna-kunI nAnA yueca . .bhya mAne che.19 vImanA mRtyu pachI kuSANa vijayakUce kaniSkanI sattAne dUra karI teNe khetAna ane kAzasaradAre vacce saMgharSa thayele. saMgha. sarvopari rAttA gara laI lIdhA. ane kAzipayana samudranA kAMThA sudhI pahoMcyo. meLavavA mATe hate. aA saradAro paNa mahAbirUda dhAraNa cInI senApatinI A saphaLatA pachI kaniSka tenI barAbarIne karavA lAgelA. pachI kaniSka sattA hAthamAM lIdhI. kaniSka kuSA- dAvo karavA cInI kuMvarIne hAtha mAge. pAna kue tene potAnA NomAM sauthI mahAna ra ta , 11. 2.TaluM ja nahIM paNa ezi- mAlikanuM apamAna mAnyuM. pariNAme kaniSka 70 hajAra savAyAno te mahAna zAsaka gaNAya. bauddha sAhityamAM tene azoka ronuM lazkara tenA vAIsaroya sI (Si)nA AdhipatyamAM mokalyuM. pachI bIju sthAna apAyuM che. paraMtu te hAryuM ane kaniSka cInI samrATane khaMDaNI ApavAnuM kaniSkane vArasAmAM gaMgAthI vaMsu nadI sudhInuM sAmrAjya 20 Rahul Sankrityayan, History of maLyuM hatuM. tenA lekhe pezAvara, rAvalapiMDI, bhAvalapura, Central Asia, P. 107. . 17 rAhula sAMkRtyAyana History of Central Asia P. 106 yu.pI.mAM mahAkSatrapa 16 V. A. Smith, The Oxford History of kharapallAmAM ane kSatrapa vanaskUranuM saMyukata zAsana hatuM, India P. 147 (3rd Edition ) (oqoll. D. C. Sircar The Age of imperial unity 19, ejana, pRSTha 149 Chapter IX P. 141 ) ( Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI , mikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 kaatyaM. cInI lekhake TAMke che te pramANe samrATa honI pAse nATakanuM bhAratIya karaNa che.22 bIjA hatA pArtha ane vasuvAraMvAra bhAratIya bheTasogAdo sAthe maMDaLe mokalatA.21 mitra A baMne tenA guru hatA.23 vasumitra thI saMgItine adhyakSa hatA. mAtRta bauddha dharma hato ane teNe zramaNera kaniSkanI dhAtika pravRtti ane vidyAkalAne uttejana mATe sAhitya lakheluM. mAThamaMtrI kaniSkane maMtrI ane rAjakalki bauddha hatA. bauddha sAhityamAM tene samrATa azoka nItijJa hato. nAgArjuna bauddha dharmanI mahAyAna zAkhA pachInuM bIjuM sthAna apAyuM che. teNe aneka bauddha maTho ane pratipAdaka hate. vaidarAja caraka paNa kaniSkanA darabAramAM hate. stapa baMdhAvelA rAjadhAnI pezAvaramAM teNe baMdhAvela stupa te tenuM 'caraka saMhitA' bhAratane sAMskRtika vAra banI gayuM lagabhaga 600' UMcA hatA. ane kadAca lAkaDAno banelo hato. che. teNe bhAratIya vaidakano pAyo nAkhyosamagra buddhisTa jagatamAM A stUpanI khyAti khUba ja hatI. - gAMdhAra-paddhatinAM zilpo - cInI musApharo phA-hayAna, yuenazvAMga, zuMgayuna A stUpanI noMdha le che. agiyAramI sadImAM alaberUnI paNa noMdhe che. upa kuSANu rAjAonA Azraya nIce gAMdhAra pradezamAM eka vAta teNe madharA takSazIlA kApIzamAM stUpe baMdhAvyA hatA. navIna prakAranI zilpanI zailI vikasI je " gAMdhAra zailI " che. enI te karelI sauthI moTI sevA teNe jevI dharma tarIke oLakhAya che. gAMdharanuM bha! gelika sthAna evuM hatuM gAvI zakAya. teNe bolAvelI e cothI saMgIti ke tyAM vividha saMskRtio saMgama thayela. IrAnI, romana, Dii tenA zikSaka pAzvanI salAhathI teNe lAvelI A pari- grIka, zaka, kuSANu vagere paradezI prajAnI ahIMnA pradeza pa jeTalA paMDitee bhA lIdhA hatA. pariSada ghaNuM upara asara thayelI. 4 ane vizeSa karIne kaniSkanA zAsanakhIne biramAM kaDala vana vihAramAM bharAyelI tenA pramukha- kAla daramiyAna 5 ! cIna tustAnane khetAna padeza i. sa.nI chAta vamitra ane upAdhyakSa azvaghoSa hatA. A pariSade zarUAtanI saDIemAM cAra saMskRtionuM milana sthAna aktivAdanA traNa saMgraho taiyAra karyA ane temanI uparanI rahelA grIka bhAratIya IrAnI ane cInI.kaniSkanA samayamAM che, paNa taiyAra thaI. kaniSka A TIkA graMthane tAmrapatro upara moTA bhAganA zi9pe A gAMdhAra zailImAM thayAM che. jo ke pata karAvIne tene eka stupa caNAvIne sAcavyA evI paNa A zailI mAtra kaniSkanA ja samayamAM nathI vikasI. kakSAnuM kathA maLe che. bekiTrayA upara zAsana sthapAyuM tyAre tyAM grIka kalA vikaselI ja hatI. romane dvArA phelAsTika kalA pUrva tarapha AvI kaniSka pite bauddha hovA chatAM dhama sahiSNutAnI nIti hatI. eTale kuSANe bhArata AvyA tyAre A grIka kalA paNa tege apanAvI hatI. tenA vizALa sAmrAjyamAM aneka dhamI bhArata pahoMcI ane zIka zikSakanA mArga darzanamAM gAMdhAramAM prajA ane bhinna bhinna saMskRtio AvelI hatI. tenI spaSTa te vikasI. A zailInA vikAsanuM vizeSa kaniSkane eTalA kAyA tenA sikkAo upara jovA maLe che. sikakA upara aneka mATe ApI zakAya ke tenA samayamAM mahAyAna bauddha saMpradAya tA devo raja thayA che. temAM zAkayamuni (buddha), vAdA (vAta', badhu mUrtionI pUjA karavAnuM zarU karyuM adhivA buDha mUti athaza (Ataza), mAo (caMdra), mIra (mizra mitra); pUjAne niSedha dUra thayela. ane A kalAnA zreSTha namUnA tenA nAnA-zAo (mAtRdevI), baharAma yuddhadeva), haAisa (graki samayamAM taiyAra thayA. kalAmAM grIka AkRtione buddhanAM lenI (caMdradevI), vRSa vagere bauddha, rola, IrAna, zipimAM utAravAmAM AvI. bhAratIya devAnAM vacce paNa ameriyana ane grIkaLe tenA sikakAo upara sthAna pAmyA che. helenisTika paddhatie kotarAyAM. buddhabhUtinu mukhAraviMda grIka tenA sikakAo upara khareSThi lipi nathI paNa grIka bhASA ane ele devane maLatuM che. ane yakSanI AkRti pIthiyana yUlipi che. keTalIka vAra phArasI paNa che. sikkA upa tenAM mahArAja sane maLatI che. buddha ka9panA ane kamaLatAnuM sthAna have rAjAtirAja, devaputra, bASAnuDAhI evAM birUda che. grIka yathArthavAde lIdhuM. ane kalA pAchaLathI cIna, keriyA kaniSka vidyAne paNa AzrayadAtA hatuM. tenA darabAramAM ane jApAna pahoMcI. cInI yAtrI yuena vage A paddhatinAM Azraya pAmelA azvaghoSe buddha carita, saudaranaMda, sArapatra vakhANuM kayo che. Ama kaniSkanA samayamAM beTiyana-grIka prakaraNa lakhelAM teNe navIna abhinayakalA vikasAvI hatI. te 22 rAhula sAMkRtyAyana, hisTrI opha senTrala eziyA sAkeTa nivAsI ane suvarNAkSIne putra hate. kadAca nAketa pRSTha 2 uparanI caDAI vakhate kanidake adhaSane potAnA darabAramAM 23 ejana pRSTha 110 laI Avyo haze. zrI. rAhulajInA mate tenAM nATaka grIka 2x Nibar Rangan Ray, The Age of - 21 A AkhAya prasaMgata mitha to kadAphaDA - Imperial ur ity. p. 518 (chapter XX) sAMkaLe che. juo sthitha likhita The Oxford History 24 V.A. Smith, The Oxford History of of India p. 143 (3rd Edition) Iadia p. 134 Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha saMskRtine gAMdhAra-bhAratIya saMskRtimAM DhALavAnuM kArya pUruM hatAM ane A pradeza konA adhikAramAM hatA. " zaka saMvata"nI thayuM. gAMdhAra zailImAM zilponuM sarjana cheka pAMcamI sadI utpatti je kaniSkanA rAjyArohaNanA prathama varSathI ja thaI sudhI thayeluM jovA maLe che. paraMtu pAchaLanAM zipa paththarane ema mAnI laIe te kaniSka I. sa. 78mAM gAdIe AvyuM badale mATImAMthI thayAM che. ane dhIre dhIre A zailI lupta ema cokakasa rIte mAnI zakAya kaniSkanuM zAsana I. sa. 102 thatI gaI ane bhAratIya rAjavIonA Azraye pAchI mathurA; sudhInuM mAnavAmAM AvyuM che. amarAvatI ane bhAratanI kalA punarjavIta banI. kaniSka pachInA zAsake. kaniSkanA samayamAM gAMdhAra zailInI sAthe sAthe kalAnAM anya kendro paNa hatAM, mathurA dhArmika kendra hovAthI kalAnuM kuSANAnA mahAna samrATa kaniSkanuM mRtyu I. sa. 102 paNa kendra banyuM hatuM. I.sa.nI prathama sadImAM kalAkendra tarIke AsapAsa thayu . tenA pachI thayelA vAsiSkanA zAsananA be tene vikAsa thayo. mathurA, grIka, sIthiyana satraponA zAsana lekho mathurA (pa. p. ) ane sAMci (ma. bhA)thI maLyA che. nIce raheluM. jo ke mathurAmAM bhAratIya zailInAM ziSyAnuM nirmANa temAM zAsananA varSa 24 ane 28 che. eTale I. sa. 102 tha ' paNa bIjI sadInA uttarArdhamAM ahIMnI kalA paNa gAMdhAra ane 106 Ave. lekhamAM tene mahArAja, rAjAtijI devazailIthI achUtI nathI rahI. ahIM paNa grIka kalAkAre pahoMcelA putra ane pAhi kahyo che. tenA anugAmI haviSkane lekha mathurAthI maLI AvelA kaniSkanI mastaka vagaranI mUrtinI zipa kalAke e kAbulathI maLe che tethI bhArata ane bhArata bahAra kuSANanI zailAne abhyAsa karatAM lAge che ke tene kalAkAra bhAratIya nahIM ke teno kalAkAra bhAratIya ne sattA TakI rahI hatI. paNuM sAthiyana haze. ema chatAM mathurAnAM zarUAtanAM zilpo, vAsiSka zarUAtamAM uparAja hate. kadAca te kAzmirano madhya eziyA, takSazIlA ane bhAratamAM sAranAtha ane zrAvastI pahelAM . 7 satrapa haze ! rAjataraMgiNImAM jaNAvyA pramANe teNe kAzimaramAM juSkapura" nAme nagara vasAvyuM hatuM tenA pitAnA keI ja kaniSka kuSANuvaMzano sauthI pratibhAvAna zAsaka hate. sikakA maLyA nathI. tenuM zAsana paNa khUba ja TUMka samaya teNe mAtra sAmrAjya sthApIne TakAvyuM eTaluM ja nahIM paNa cAlyuM. thoDo samaya teNe haviSaka sAthe paNa zAsana karyuM sAMskRtika pradAna dvArA paNa te khyAtanA baLe pATaliputranI hatuM tenuM A TUMku zAsana kadAca gAdI vArasAnA jhaghaDA darakIti bhAratanI vAyavya puruSapuramAM pahoMcI vepArI mAgenA miyAna rahyuM. ane kA khranA vizALa sAmrAjyanA eka bhAga vikAsa dvArA teNe Arthika samRddhi paNa vadhArI. meTI nadIo upara teNe rAjya karyuM hoya ! uparAMta nAnI nadIo paNa avara javara mATe teNe upayogamAM lIdhI. te kALe mathurAmAM madhya eziyA, pATaliputra, takSazilAnA vAsiSTha pachI tene bhAI haviSka gA. e Avyo. tenA mArgo maLatA. samayanA purAvAone AdhAre tenuM zAsana bhAratamAM paMjAba ane uttara pradezamAM hatuM. mathurAmAMthI tenA samayanA lekha zaka saMvatana pra taka : maLyA che, rAjataraMgiNInA ullekha pramANe teNe kAzimaramAM kaniSkanA rAjyArohaNanA varSathI eka saLaMga saMvata "haSkapura' vasAvelu" kAbula pAsethI tenA maLelA lekhane AdhAre aphaghAnistAna upara tenI sattAnI sAbitI maLe che. prajA pachI tenA anugAmIoe e kAlagaNanA apanAvI ane cAlu rAkhI. tenA samayamAM pazcima bhArata ane mALa ja tenA sikakAmAM grIka bhASAne upayoga thayo che, tenuM sAmrAjya TakI raheluM. vAnA zaka kSatrapa tenA sAmaMta hatA, AthI zakee temanA mAlikano A saMvata apanAvyuM. pachI te " zaka saMvata" haviSkanA lekhe tenA zAsananA 28 thI 60 varSanA tarIke oLakhAyo. kuSANanA patana pachI paNa te pracalita (I.sa. 106 thI 138) maLyA che. jo ke tenA zAsananI baha rahyo ane dakSiNa bhAratamAM paNa te "zAlivAhana zaka" tarIke : kSaNa bhAratamAM paNa ta " zAlivAhana zaka" tarIke ochI mAhitI maLe che. saMbhavataH kuSANAnA gujarAta mALavA oLakha 28 dakSiNa bhAratamAM A vatane pracalita karanAra ane maThArA nA zaka kSatrape svataMtra rIte zAsana karatA thai, jano hatA. jaina dharmanAM kendro tyAre gujarAta-saurASTramAM gayelA. mathurA satrapInuM zAsana TakI raheluM. eka lekhanA 27 juo. Nihar Rajan Ray dvArA likhita prakaraNuM 20 pRSTha pa22. (The Age of Imperial unity) 29. rAla, saurakRtyAyana, history of Central Asia P. 11]. eTale vAsike zarU batamAM kenikanA aMtima 28. juo che. hariprasAda zAstrI dvArA likhita " bhAratIya samayamAM tenA uparAja tarIke zAsana karyuM ane pachI thoDo samaya i hAsama kAlagaNane " e nAmane lekha ("itikata"- ema mukhya samrATa banyuM haze tyAre tenI sAthe tene bhAI vika TI. bI. ArTasa koleja aMka-2 ) uparAja tarIke tene zAsanamAM madada karatA haze, Jain Education Intemational

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1. ' AdhAre haviSyanuM nAma mathurA pAsenA eka bauddha maTha sAthe saMkaLAyeluM che, A lekhamAM tene 'mahArAja' 'rAjAtirAja devaputra kahyo che. eka mathurA lekhamAM tenA pitAmahanA ullekha che jemane "satyadhama sthita " kahyA che. haviSNunA samayanA eka rasaprada purAveA tenA gavarnaranA dAnadharmano paricaya Ape che. teNe zAhi~ suvizvanA puNyArthe 1100 cAMdInA sikkA mathurAnI puNya zALAne se brAhyaNA mATe kAyamI nirvAhanA hetuthI ApyAnI noMdha che. A lekha huviSNunA zAsanamAM zaka kAlanA 26 mAM varSane ( eTale i.sa. 106) che. A badhA ullekhAthI e khAtA spaSTa thAya che. kuSANA bhAratanA paraMparAgata bhUta dharmAMne anusare che. ane kuSANee bauddha dharmanI Azraya ApavAnI nIti cAlu rAkhI che. huvika khauddha dharmanA AzrayadAtA hatA chatAM tenA sikkAne AdhAre tene vaiSNava dharma pratyeno joka jaNAi Ave che. tenA sikkAemAM kaniSkanA karatAM vaividhya vadhAre che. sikkAonA agrabhAga upara vizvanI mukhAkRti che. ane grIka bhASAmAM pADAnu pAhi huvika kuSANu " evuM nAma che. jyAre sikkAnA pRSTha bhAge grIka, irAnI ane bhAratIya devAnI AkRti ane grIka bhASAmAM temanAM nAme che. kaniSkanA sikkA upara maLatAM nAmeA uparAMta bhAratIya devAmAM viSNu, mahAsena, skaMda, kumAra, vizAkha vagerenAM nAme che. kaniSkanI jema buddha deva AnA sikkAmAM nathI. A purAvA viSNu-bhakti tAve che. ', huvizvanA samayamAM ja vAsiSThanA putra kaniSka 2 e tenA umarAja tarIke zAsana karyuM. che. A kaniSka-ranA eka lekha zaka saMvata 41 (I. sa. 119)ne maLyA che. A lekhamAM tene mahArAja, rAjAtirAja, devaputra kahyo che. uparAMta teNe " kaisara / evu biruda paNa dhAraNa karela je rAmana asara sUcave che. kAraNa te kALe rezamana samrATo ' sIjhara 'nAM upanAme dhAraNa karatA kavi kalhaNanA rAjataraMgiNImAM A kaniSkanA ullekha che, te pramANe kAzmIramAM turuSka jAtinA huSka (haviSNu) nu (vAsiSka) ane kaSTinuM saMyukta zAsana hatuM temaNe tyAM huSTapura, juSkapura ane kaniSkapura vasAvyAM. maTha ane rItye paNa adhAvyA. kuSANAnuM patana : huviSNu pachI tenA putra vAsudeva-1 zAsana banyA. A rAjAnuM nAma sUcave che ke kuSANA pUrNa bharatIya banyA, paDebrahmAMnA zAsakAnAM nAme sIthiyana hatAM. vAsudeva pahelAnA samayathI vatananI prakriyA zarU thaI gaI hatI. tenA sikkAo mAtra mathurA AsapAsanA pradezamAMthI ja maLe che. tethI kuSAzenuM sAmrAjya sImita thai gayuM haze. bhArata bahuArathI tenA sikkA maLatA nathI. te paNa madhya eziyA ekiTrayA, seAgbIyA ane pAmIranA pradeza upara kuSANuMAnI sattA TakI rahI hatI. vAsudevanA samayanA lekhA 67 thI 8 varSanA ( eTale i. sa. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 145 thI 176 ) maLyA che. tenA sikkA upara ziva-nakrinI chApa che. kuSANenA sikkA uparathI muddha-deva adazya thayA che. vAsudeva-1 pachInAM kuSANu-itihAsa aspaSTa che. I.sa.nI trIjI sadInA uttarArdha sudhInA ku ANu rAjA khAnA sikkA maLe che. A rAjAemAM kaniSka ane vadhu yA vAsudevanAM nAmeA che eTale temane kaniSTha 3 ane vAyudeva 2 tarIke eLakhAvI zakAya. cInI para parAmAM jaNavyA pramANe yueInA rAjAe I.sa. 230 mAM cInI samrATanA darabAramAM tama'Dala meAkalelu, te kadAca A vAsudeva haze ? trIjI sadInA madhyabhAga sudhI kuSANAnI sattA ghaNu karIne pajALamAM bhArAtanI vAyavye ane aphaghAnistAnamAM hatI. A samaye pazcimabhArata ane madhyabhAratane moTA vistAra zakeAnA AdhipatyamAM svata tra thaI gayelA. uttarapradeza ane rAjasthAnanA vistArA upara nAnAM rAjakuTu'enAM zAsane pravatAM hatA ane mathurA upara nAga lAkanu zA ratana hatuM.ka kuSANu sattAne hAsa IrAnanA trIjI sadImAM udita thayelA sasAnI vaMzanA zAsakonA hAthe thayA. ceAthI sadInI zarUAtanA sasAniyana rAjA herama 2 (I.sa. 301-310) nA sikkAmAM tene kuSANu malka kuSANu svAmI) kahyo che. ane eka anya sikkAmAM " kuSANu zAsakonA svAmI" kahyo che. 31 tevI kuSANA sasAnI vaMzanA zAsakonA sAmatA banI gayA hatA. aMtima kuSANu zAsako 'kadAra' nAme eLakhAya che. te kuSANenI anya zAkhAnA hatA. temanI rAjadhAnI pezAvaramAM ja hatI. ane prathama kidAra kuSANe kAzmIra ane madhya paMjAkha jItelAM tenA sikkA paNa maLe che. temAM tenuM brAhni lipimAM nAma che, ane pRSTha bhAge vedInI A kRti che. I,sa.nI cothI sadInA temanA zAsananA purAvA gupta samrATa samudragupta (I.sa. 335-375) nA prayAganA prazasti lekha uparathI maLe che. A lekhamAM tyAMnA rAjAne "devaputra SAssi-SAhAnuSAdghi " kahyo che. tyAra pachI paNa kuSANeA sasAnA rAjAnI nIce pAMcamI sadI sudhI kAbula AsapAsanA pradeza upara zAsana karatA evA purAvA maLe che. kuSANu kAla uN sa AMtaka mahatvaH prAcIna bhAratanA itihAsamAM kuSANukAlanuM sAMskRtika mahatva ghaNuM che. madhya eziyAmAM sthapAyeluM ane samagra uttara 3. D. C. Sircar, The Age of imperial urity, chapter IV P. 151 33 ejana pRSTha 1para 32, "jene tevaputra jJahi jJAAnuzAhida mukhyatve : tathA sau dhoka vagere nA dvipAnA nivAsIe Atmanivedana karatA ane potAnI kanyAe bheTa dharA, ... viSaya temaja bhuktinA zAsana mATe garuDa rAjamudrA atikramAna mAgatA. '' (samudragruptA prayAga 5 malekha.)

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smRti sadgha praca bhAratIya pradeza upara vistareluM kuSANu sAmrAjya pUrva ane pazcima vacce sAMskRtika Apale saraLa banAvavA yazabhAgI banyu hatuM. bhAratIya jIvana ane dharma, sAhitya ane kalA temaja kAlagaNanAnA kSetre e yuge ghaNuM pradAna karyuM kuSANeAnI potAnI AgavI saMskRtinAM kAI lakSaNA evA naheAMtAM je bhAratIya saMskRtine bhIMjavI zake. paraMtu temaNe bhAratanA mahAranI duniyA sAtheno saMparka sAdhI ApyuM. bhAratIya saMskRti mATe madhya ane pUrva eziyAnA dvAra ughaDayAM eziyAI grIka saMskRti ane bauddha saMskRtine kuSANukAlamAM sayega thayA. dUra pUrvImAM bauddha vidyA ane bauddha dharma cheka magA-prAcIna bhAratanA anya liyA ane cIna paheAMcyA. pazcima eziyA paNu bhAratIya vicAronA gADha sa MparkamAM AvyuM pazcimamAM rAmana sAmrAjya ane bhAratanI madhyamAM kuSANu sAmrAjya hatuM. pariNAme rAma ane bhArata vacce vepAranI vaNajArA cAlI. tenI sAthe sAthe sAMskRtika Apale paNa thai. rAma bhAratIya upakhaMDanI aneka meghAmUlI vastuo kharIda ane rAmanuM seAnuM bhArata ghasaDAtuM. tarapha pazcimanA navA vicAre bhArate paNa meLavyA. bauddha dhamI e pahelAM bhagavAna buddhanI mUtionu nirmANu karatAM nahIM grIka-ekiTrayAi asarathI kuSANu kAlamAM je " gAMdhArI zailI "mAM mUrtividhAna thayu' temAM buddha pratimAe paNa khanI Jain Education Intemational ko-oNpareTI gujarAta mArkeTIMga ka auddhadharma ane bhAratIya mUrtikalAnA itihAsamAM A eka mahAna parivartana hatuM. eNe e khAkhata paNa sAbita karI ke kuSAA mAtra vijetA tarIke ja bhArata naheAtA AvyA paNa temanA sabadha dharma sAthe paNa have ja. kanike bauddha dhUnI karelI sevAthI auddha dharmanA ghaNuMA phelAvA thayA. khauddhonI mahAyAna zAkhA astitvamAM AvI. tenA yuga sAhitya nirmANunA paNa mahAna yuga gaNAya che. kuSANukAla anya dharmanA vikAsa mATe paNa eTalA ja noMdhanIya che. zaivadhanA vikAsamAM paNa enuM yeAgadAna svIprabhAvazALI rAjavaMza guptavaMzamAM kArAyuM che. pAchaLathI viSNupUjA paNa pracalita anI. , rAjyAzraya pAmelA vaiSNava saMpradAyanA udayanI kharI zarUAta kuSANAnA atima samayamAM thaI cUkI hatI. gupta samayamAM te mahAvRkSa banI gayA. Hong kuSANA ... peAtAnuM sauthI moTu' yeAgadAna jo kai hAya te temaNe karelI vyavasthita kAlagaNanAnI zarUAta. pahelAM rAjavIonAM zAsananAM varSo ja gaNatarImAM levAtAM. i. sa. 78 thI nike sa'vata pravartAyeA ane tenA sAmata pazcimanA zaka kSatrapAe tene svIkArIne Aga ! vavAM. je pachI 'zakasaMvata ' tarIke oLakhAyA. sa ya jatAM te dakSiNa bhAratamAM paNa pracalita banyA ane rASTrIya paMcAMgamAM Aje paNa sthAna pAmyA che. gujarAtanA kheDuteAnI sevAmAM gujakomAsolA kheta-upayeAgI sAmagrI purI pADe che. rAsAyaNIka khAtaro hAIbrIDa bIyArajI jaMtunAzaka davAo * khetInA ejArI ize. meTara, pampasa tathA enjIne gujarAta sTeTa keA. ApareTIva mArkeTIMga seAsAyaTI li. sa De kA ra bha vana, rIlI k roDa, tAra : gujakAmAseAla 2, na a ma dA vA 6 - 1 24316-17-18

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712 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 PHONES) OFFICE 311433 1311444 358358 P. T. PAREKH 1 473984 S. D SHETH GRAM : NAVINVINU RESI. PRAVINCHANDRA & Co. OPP. COTTON EXCHANGE, 158-60, KALBADEVI ROAD. BOMBAY-2. Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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vartamAna eziyA para pavimano prabhAva -zrI hasamukha paMDyA ItihAsanA vizALa phalaka para je dhyAna kheMcatA banAvo athavA te harIpha tarIke kArya karavA lAgyA. A madhyamavarga seMdhAyA che. temAM vAskeDa gAmAnuM kAlikaTanA baMdare 1498mAM pazcimanI asara nIce Avela hovAthI teNe pazcimamAM je Agamana thayuM. tene paNa samAveza thAya che. A samayathI zarU rAjakIya vikAsa thaI rahyo hato tenA mazAladhArI tarIkenI karIne 1947mAM bhArata svataMtra banyuM ane anya eziyana kAmagIrI bajAvI upalA madhyamavarganA lokomAMthI ghaNue saMsthAne svataMtra banyA tyAM sudhI gALe eziyA mATe ogaNIsamI sadInA madhyabhAga pachI potAnA saMtAnane pazcighaNuM ja mahatvano gALa banI gaye tejAnAnA vyApArathI Aka- emAM khAsa karIne briTanamAM ucca abhyAsa mATe mokalyA. rSAIne te saMbaMdhe pitAnI IjArA zAhI sthApavAnI pazcimI temAM ghaNAM pazcimamAM pravartatA udAra matavAdanI asara nIce rAnI IcchAne amala ghaNAM varSo sudhI thayo. A sAthe AvyA pazcimanI rAjakIya saMsthAo kevI rIte kAmagIrI kamazaH yuropamAM kApaDa cA tathA anya vastuonI AyAta bajAve che tene tema ja pazcimI prajA je rIte svataMtratA paNa thavA lAgI. Ama pazcimanA deza tathA eziyA vacce ane hako bhogavI rahI hatI tene khyAla meLavIne temanAmAM vyApArI leNadeNa zarU thaI. A pachI iMglenDamAM thayela audyo- paNa mAdarevatanamAM jaIne A dizAmAM kAma karavAnI tamannA gika krAMtinA kAraNe A saMbaMdhamAM parivartana AvyuM. yuropamAM jAgI. AmAMnA ghaNae svataMtratA pUrve temaja svataMtratA taiyAra thatI cIjavastuo mATe bajhAranI tathA muDI rokANanI pachI potapotAnA dezamAM netRtva saMbhALyuM AvA netAomAM AvazyaktA ubhI thaI ane eziyAne A saMdarbhamAM lAbha paMDita javAharalAla naheru. mahaMmadaalI jhINA, kaMku abadula levA. pariNAma e AvyuM ke vyApAra pratyeja dhyAna kendrita rahemAna, baMdAra nAyaka vagereno samAveza thAya che. karatAM ropIya rAjyoe ogaNIsamI sadImAM rAjakIya bAbatemAM rasa levAnuM zarU karyuM. zarUmAM vyApArI kSetre porTugala pazcimanA sAmrAjIe khAsa karIne briTane eziyAprabhutva dharAvatuM hatuM. samaya jatAM DacanuM prabhutva sthapAyuM. mAMnA pitAnA saMsthAnemAM vahIvaTa calAvavA mATe aMgrejI aDhAramI sadInA madhya bhAgamAM briTana tathA phrAMsa vacce A bhASAne zikSaNanA mAdhyama tarIke apanAvyuM. AnuM pariNAma mATe harIphAI zarU thaI jemAM chevaTe briTanane vijaya thayo e AvyuM ke zikSita prajA aMgrejI bhASAthI paricIta banI ane bIjA vizvayuddha sudhI tenI sattAne bIjI pazcimI sattA ane te sAthe tene jJAnanI kSitijo vistAra pAmI. yuropamAM dvArA paDakAra pheMkAya nahIM. pravartatA rASTravAda tathA lekazAhInA vicArothI teo paricita banyA, te uparAMta jora, rU, megnesakayU, jahona TuarTa A pramANe pazcima eziyA sAthenA vyApArI tathA mila, spensara vagere rAjakIya ciMtakanA lakhANane abhyAsa rAjakIya saMbaMdha zarU thayAM te sAthe ja eziyAmAM pazcimanI karI temanAM vicArene khyAla meLavyuM. A rIte rASTrIya asara zarU thaI, jeNe sAmAjika, zaikSaNika, sAMskRtika, dhArmika bhAvanA majabUta banI. A sAthe saMsthAnamAM sthapAyelI tathA rAjakIya kSetrane AvarI lIdhA. A vividha kSetramAM vizvavidyAlaye e paNa rAjakIya jAgRtimAM mahatvane phALe rAjakIya kSetrane bAda karatAM pazcimane je prabhAva paDaze tenI ApyuM. teNe bhAratamAM dAdAbhAI navarojI, gopALakRSNa gokhale, vitemAM ApaNe utaratA nathI. ApaNe te mukhyatve karIne jevAM jyAre silonamAMthI zrI jayatilake jevA netAonI rAjakIya kSetre pazcimane je prabhAva paDayA tene TUMkANamAM hAramALA taiyAra karI. khyAla meLavIe. A tabakake ApaNe e bAbatane paNa ulekha kara. - eziyAmAM Avela moTAbhAganA rAjyane pitAnA joIe ke eziyAnA judA judA vistAromAMthI jeo pazcimamAM saMsthAna banAvyA pachI pazcime je nIti akhatyAra karI teNe vadhu abhyAsArthe gayAM temAMnA lagabhaga tamAme kAyadAnuM zikSaNa eziyAnAM ghaNAM saMsthAmAM vividha kSetre parivartana ANyuM prApta karyuM. temaNe meLavela kAnunI zikSaNe temanA netRtvane A saMbaMdhamAM sau prathama pazcime apanAvelI vyApArI tathA ne opa Ape. A saMdarbhamAM ApaNe bhAratamAMthI phiaudyogika pravRttio ApaNuM dhyAna kheMce che. A pravRtti. jazA mahetA, motIlAla naheru, sI. Ara. dAsa, javAharalAla enA kAraNe muMbaI, kalakattA, sIMgApura kolaMba vagere ghaNAM naheru, saradAra paTela, gAMdhIjI vagerene, pAkistAnamAMthI zahera vikasyA, AvA zaheramAM astitvamAM Avela madhyama- mahaMmadaalI jhINA tathA suDarAvardIne. silenamAMthI guNatilake, varga vyApAra tathA dhaMdhAnA kSetre yuropiyana sAthe bhAgIdAra keTalAvAlA tathA DaDalI senAnAyakane, malAyAmAMthI TUMkuM abdula Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 rahemAnano tema ja siMgApuramAMthI DeviDa mAzane ulekha kara manI doravaNI che ane eziyana rAjyamAM baMdhAraNAnI racanA joIe. A tamAme pitatAnA vatanamAM rAjakIya kSetre karatI vakhate ghaNAM rAjyoe pazcimanA baMdhAraNane najara samakSa mahatvano bhAga bhajavyo. rAkhelA te bAbatanI paNa ApaNe neMdha levI ghaTe. A uparAMta eziyAmAM vAhana vyavahAra tathA saMdezA eziyA para pazcimanA prabhAvane jyAre ApaNe vicAra vyavahAranA sAdhanono pazcimI rAjAe vahIvaTI anukuLatA karIe chIe tyAre amerikAe ApelA phALAne paNuM ullekha mATe je vikAsa karyo tenA lIdhe paNa rAjakIya kSetre mahAna karavA joIe. teNe saMsthAnavAdanI jhaMjhIra teDI AkhI ane parivartana AvyuM. jyAM sudhI vAhana vyavahAra tathA saMdezA saMsthAnIya zAsana aniSTa hoya che tevA vicArane vega Ape. vyavahAranA sAdhane vikAsa pAmyA na hatAM. tyAM sudhI bhauge- A sAthe teNe svataMtratA ane mAnavahakanI je ghoSaNA karI lika dRSTie je aMtara astitva dharAvatuM hatuM tenA lIdhe tene eziyAvAsIo para prabhAva paDe. amerikana krAMtivIranI eka ja dezanI prajA vacce ekatAnI bhAvanA vikasI zakI na gAthAoe eziyAnA madhyamavarganA yuvAnone preraNA jJAna hatI. A sAdhanA vikAsanI sAthe vistAra vaccenuM aMtara karAvyuM. prathama vizvayuddha pachI pramukha vuDro vilasane rASTrIya ghaTatA bhaugolika ekatA sthapAtA prA ekabIjAnI najIka Atma nirNayanA je siddhAMtane rajU karyA teNe eziyAvAsIAvI ane tenA lIdhe ekatAnI bhAvanA majabUta banI. ene khUba ja prabhAvita karyA tathA eziyAI saMsthAmAM cAlatI svataMtratAnI caLavaLane teNe bhAre vega Ape. svataMtra presanI sthApanAe paNa pazcimane eziyAnA saMdarbhamAM mahuvane phALA che. akhabArane phelA vadhatAM phrAMsanI krAMtine paNa eziyA para bhAre prabhAva paDe prajAmAM vicAronI Apale karavAnuM zakya banyuM ane chevaTe che. teNe raju karela svataMtratA, samAnatA ane baMdhutvanA khyAsAmrAjyavAdI sarakAranI TIkA karavAnA adhikAranI bhUmikAM lee eziyAvAsIone khUba ja prabhAvita kya. yuropa tathA baMdhAI. khAsa karIne bhAratamAM dhI InDiyana mIrara dhI amRta eziyAnA bauddhika saMbaMdhamAM pheMca kAMtie AmUlaka paribajhAra patrikA, muMbaI samAcAra dhI hiMdu, kesarI vagere vartana ANyuM. A krAMtie eziyAmAM prajAne rAjakIya vicAra aMgrejI tathA mAtRbhASAmAM prasiddha thatAM vartamAnapatroe saraNI pUrI pADI. prajAmAM rASTrIya vicAra phelAvIne tene rAjakIya jAgRta karavAmAM mahatvano phALo Apyo. ogaNIsamI sadImAM ITAlI tathA AyalenDamAM cAlatI rASTrIya caLavaLae paNa eziyana prajAne preraNA ApI. kAle A sAthe briTane kAyadAnA zAsanane je khyAla potAnA mAkarsanA lakhANanI paNa eziyA para vyApaka asara thaI saMsthAmAM dAkhala karyo tene prabhAva paNa nAne sune nathI. prathama vizvayuddha daramyAna raziyAmAM thayela krAMtine paNa eziyA kAyadA samakSa sau samAna che. kAyado saune samAna rIte AvarI para prabhAva paDe che. raziyana krAMtie je rASTrIya nIti jAhera le che. ane kAyadA ! << "ga karanArane samAna zikSA thavI karI teNe eziyana saMsthAnI prajAne AkarSI raziyana prajA jaie bhale pachI te vaDApradhAna hoya ke sAmAnya nAgarika A mATe jAhera karavAmAM aAvela hakoe, lenina tathA sTAline pramANenA kAyadAnA zAsananA arthaghaTane tamAmane samAna sthAna raziyana prajAnI samAnatA tathA sAva bhaumatvanI karelI jAherAta AvyuM. Ama samAnatAnI bhAvanA vika !!. vataMtratA meLavyA temaja rASTrIya laghumatIone pitAnA vikAsanA vAtavyane pachI, lagabhaga tamAma epina rAjyamAM kAyadAnA zAsanane haka ApIne eziyAnA rASTromAM navI AzA jagADI. A svIkAra tathA amala karyo. uparAMta viyeta raziyAe bhArata, cIna, inDonesiyA tathA binapakSIya sanadI sevAno amala e paNa pazcima hiMdI cInamAM cAlatA taMtratA mATenA saMgharSane Teko Apyo khAsa karIne briTanane eziyAnA saMdarbhamAM mahatvane phALe che. e hakIkatane asvIkAra thaI zake nahIM. ke katikArI raziyAnA je saMsthAmAM bina pakSIya sanaMdI sevA vikasI tyAM svataMtratA astitve tamAma eziyana rASTromAM cAlatI rASTrIya caLavaLane pachI vahIvaTa calAva saraLa banyo ane rAjakIya svataMtratA naitika Teke pUro pADe. ahIM e bAbatanI paNa neMdha levI bhayamAM mukAI nahIM. ahIM ApaNe pharIthI bhAratano ullekha joIe ke je eziyana dezamAM ghaNAM lAMbA samayathI rASTrIya caLavaLa astitvamAM hatI tyAM sAmyavAdI siddhAMtane vadhu Teke karI zakIe. maLe nahIM. A vicAranA saMdarbhamAM ApaNe bhAratane ullekha A uparAMta eziyAmAM khAsa karIne bhAratamAM sthAnika karI zakIe. enI ulaTuM InDoneziyA tathA hiMdI-cInamAM svarAjyanI saMsthAo vikasAvIne pazcime mahatvano phALo raziyana krAMti pachI svataMtratA mATenI caLavaLa vadhu asarakAraka Ape che. A sAthe prAMtiya dhArAsabhAonI racanA tathA temanA banI tenA lIre A vistAramAM sAmyavAdIone prabhAva vikAse bhAratamAM je paraMparAo sarjAi tenI asara atyAre ghaNuM ja vadhyo ane eka mahatvanA paribaLa tarIke tenI gaNanA paNa jovA maLe che, saMsadIya sarakArano khyAla e paNa pazci- thavA lAgI. A banne vistAramAM 1920thI 1923 nA gALA Jain Education Intemational

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha 315 vacce sAmyavAdI pakSa astitvamAM AvyuM ane tyAMnA rAja- bheya videzI zAsanamAMthI mukti meLavavAnuM hatuM. A caLavaLa kAramAM sAmyavAdIoe asarakAraka bhAga bhajavyo. e sAmAjika ke Arthika hetu spaSTa karyo na hato. ane A saMdarbhamAM rajU thayela vicAro aspaSTa ane AdarzarUpe hatA. cInamAM zAMdhAI khAte 1921 mAM sAmyavAdI pakSanI raziyana krAMtie A kSetre parivartana ANIne mahAna prabhAva sthApanA thaI. pazcimI zikSaNa meLavela Do. suna-yAta sena pADe. cInamAM tathA bhAratamAM raziyana krAMti pachI rASTrIya cInI rASTravAdanA praNetA hatA. temane prabhAva cInamAM ghaNe ja caLavaLe Athika dayeya svIkAryuM. soviyeta-raziyAe sAmrAhovAthI soviyeta zAsane suna yAta-na sAthenAM saMbaMdha jyAvAda tathA Arthika AyojananA je khyAlo rajU karyA tenAthI sthApavAnA prayatno karyA. raziyA-cIna sahakAra aMge je A banne deza sArA pramANamAM prabhAvita thayA. bhArata tathA saMyukta nivedana bahAra pADavAmAM AvyuM temAM soviyeta cInanA ghaNAM krAMtikArIo paNa mArkasavAdI vicAra saraNIthI pratinidhio cInanI rASTrIya ektA tathA saMpUrNa svataMtratAnuM zanino rASTrIya ktiA nathI te pUrNa 7 prabhAvita thayA hatA. samarthana karyuM ane A rIte eziyana rASTravAdanuM kAMtikArI raziyAe jAheramAM samarthana karyuM. - A pramANe eziyAmAM saMsthAnavAdanA gALA daramyAna raziyana krAMtie bIjI rIte paNa ezi mAM khAsa pazcimanA rAjyanA vividha kSetre je prabhAva paDayo tenuM karIne bhArata tathA cInamAM cAlatI rASTravAdanI caLavaLane navuM vihaMgAvalokana karatAM jaNAya che ke teNe eka yA bIjI rIte svarUpa ApyuM. raziyana krAMti pahelAM A banne dezomAM cAlatI eziyana rASTrane asara karI. ane vartamAna eziyAnA ghaNuM rASTrIya caLavaLa mukhyatve karIne rAjakIya hatA. temanuM mukhya rAjya para atyAre paNa A prabhAvanI asara jovA maLe che. Chhaganlal Kasturchand G, P. 6. BOX NO. 878 LALSING BUILDING, LOHAR CHAWL. BOMBAY-2 Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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16 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 utsava prasaMgoe AnaMda raMgaberaMgI vastromAM savizeSa mANo bIjuM varSa jUnA vacanene paripUrNa karavAno avasara mahArANA TekasTAIsa paNa pitAnA vacanane paripUrNa kare che. mahArANA DIjhAIna ane raMgamAM navI bhAta pADatuM--hAmaNuM, mugdhakara, prasannakara, adbhuta pitavALuM ane svapnasRSTinI moDaka ramyatA samu anerU ane alaukika kApaDa banAve che. mahArANA mahArANA milsa, porabaMdara * sADIo, prinTasa, blAujha, koka, vagere mATenuM plena, 0 A.sika ane sutarAu kApaDa, suTiMga ane zaTiganuM 0 Terina, Terina kedana, ane sutarAu kApaDa, amAro mAla tamAma agragaNya vikretAone tyAM maLI zakaze Jain Education Intemational

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e yana rASTrono Arthika sahakAra eziyana samAna bajAranI bhUmikA ma zrI hiMmata paTela - 19mI sadimAM atyAranA vikasita rASTronI vadhatI jatI A rASTroe vikasita rASTramAMthI 4 abaja DolaranuM anAja utpAdita vastuo mATe vizvanuM vikasatuM jatuM bajAra maLI be abaja DolaranuM kApaDa ane lagabhaga 11 abaja DolaranI rahetuM hatuM. AthI 19mI sadInAM AMtara rASTriya vepAranA yaMtra sAmagrInI AyAta karI hatI. paraMtu have vikasatA re paribaLAe pazcimanA rASTronA Arthika vikAsamAM sAro e A vastuonuM utpAdana vadhArI zakayA hoya A vastuone phALe ADe hate. paraMtu cAlu sadImAM khAsa karIne prathama vAra pArasparika dhoraNe vadhArI zakaze. vizvayuddha pachIthI AMtara rASTriya vyApAranA kSetre paristhitie na vaLAMka lIdhe che. vizvanA rASTronA Arthika vikAsamAM Arthika sahakAranI bhUmikA :khAsa karIne navedita rASTronA Arthika vikAsamAM AMtara rASTriya vikasatA dezoe Arthika sthagitatA (Economic vepAranuM mahatva 19mI sadI karatAM ghaTavA pAmyuM che. pravartI stagnation )mAMthI bacavA mATe Arthika sahakAra tarapha draSTi mAna sthiti pramANe vikasita rASTro (Developed Coun deDAvI che. vikasatAM jatAM pachAta rASTra mATe Arthika sthagitatries AL QUR Casadi vai plodu (Developing tane bhaya nathI. A rASTronI sAme khare prazna te temanA C untries) sAthe thAya che. enA karatAM vikasita rASTra AMtara rASTriya vepArane kevI rIte vistRta karo te ane e sAthe vadhu pramANamAM thAya che. arthAt AMtararASTriya vepAra kSetre dvArA AMtara rASTriya vepArane Arthika vikAsanuM asarakAraka ( Rich Trading with Rich') je sthitinuM nirmANa sAdhana kevI rIte banAvavuM te che. Arthika saMgha dvArA pArasparika thayeluM che. vizvanA vyApAramAM anekagaNo vadhAre thayela hovA dharaNe AMtara rASTriya vepAra uparanA aMkuze ghaTADI A rASTra chatAM vikasatA rASTrane sApekSa phALe ghaTavA pAmyo che. pariNAme vikasita ane a5 vikasita rASTranA Arthika vikAsa emane aMdara aMdaranA vepArane vadhArI zake eTaluM ja nahi upara viparita asara thaI ane garIba ane dhanika rASTra paraMtu A rIte saMdhe racI teo vikasita rASTro sAme potAnI sedA zakti (Bargaining Power )mAM vadhAro karI zake. vaccenI khAI vadhavA pAmI che. vizvanA vikasita rASTronI sarakhAmaNImAM vikasatA rASTrane 1960 70 nA dazakAmAM vikasita rAoNnI mAthAdITha AMtara rASTrIya vepAra emanI rASTrIya AvakanI sarakhAmaNImAM AvakamAM 650 Dolarane vadhAro thavA pAmyuM hatuM. jyAre ghaNA ochA che. evA saMjogomAM A rASTro Arthika saMghe a5 vikasita rASTanI mAthAdITha AvakamAM mAtra 40 Delara ubhA karIne vepAranA aMkuza dUra karIne A pramANa vadhArI nAja vadhAro thavA pAmyuM hatuM. vizvanI kula nikAsamAM apa zake che. jo A rASTra A dhyeya hAMsala karavAmAM saphaLa thAya vikasita rASTrane phALe 1960 mAM 2134 jeTale hatA te te lAMbe gALe enI asara emanA Arthika vikAsane mATe 1970 mAM ghaTIne 176% thaye hate A uparAMta vikasita TAnIkanI garaja sArI zake. rAnTene karavAnI videzI devAnI cukavaNIne be paNa A eziyana samAna bajAra rASTra upara jhaDapathI vadhato jAya che. AnI sAme yunena ne prayatna, ane TharAve chatAM visatA rASTrane maLatI videzI madada 1958mAM yuropiyana samAna bajAra (European vikasita rASTranI rASTrIya AvakanI sarakhAmaNImAM ghaTavA pAmI common Market)nI yojanA pachI je rIte Arthika che. AvA saMjogomAM alapa vikasita rASTrane evuM bhAna thavA saMghenI racanA thavA mAMDI emAMthI preraNA laIne alpavikasita lAgyuM che ke je teo aMdaro aMdaranA sahakAra dvArA vepAra rASTra (vikasita rASTro ) e paNa A dizAmAM hilacAva zarU vadhAravA prayatna kare te emane sAre lAbha maLe ema che. karI eziyAne lAge vaLage che tyAM sudhI sau prathama 1960nA atyAre emane pArasparika vepAra vizva vepAranA 4% karatAM mArcamAM ECAFE (Economic Commission For paNa ocho che. A rASTro pitAnI nikAsanA 15% jeTalI ja Asia and For East)nI seLamI beThakamAM philIpAInsanA nikAsenI aMdara aMdara levaDa devaDa kare che. arthAta A rAnTenI pratinidhi maMDaLanA vaDA De. Perfecto. E, Laguio e 85% nikAsa vikasita rASpamAM jAya che. 60-70 nA dazakAmAM eziyana Arthika saMgaThana racavAnI darakhAsta raju karI hatI. Jain Education Intemational

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318 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 dhImI rahI che. baMgalAdezavALA A kAraNe dizAmAM ane ghaTate jatA zaraAtamAM philIpAIsa, thAIlenDa viyeTanAma ane inDone- vadhe e aMgenI eka yAjanA raju karI hatI A pachI maLelA ziyAne A saMgaThanamAM samAvI levAM e vicAra raju thaye abhyAsa juthanI cacA uparathI ema lAge che ke sTIla ane hatuM. paraMtu pAchaLathI emAM dakSiNa pUrvanA rASTrone samAvI sutarAu kapaDAnI bAbatamAM jhaDapathI sahakAra sAdhI zakAya ema levAne vicAra mUkAyo hato. 3. DA 0183Hi Asian industrial Levelopment 1960mAM karAMcI khAte maLelI E SAFEnI beThakamAM Council dvArA paNa prAdezika sahakAra mATeno kAryakrama ghaDI yuropiyana samAna bajAra ane FTA (Furopean Free kADhavAmAM Avyo che. kAunsIlanA mata pramANe bhArata pAkistAna Trade Area) nI azara thaze enI carcA thaI hatI. BH Sidal Rod 423 Flat Sieci bulets 347 pigeziyana samAna bajAranI sthApanAmAM keTalIka muzkelI AvatI iron nI bAbatamAM sahelAIthI sahakAra sAdhI zakAya ema che. hovAthI chevaTe beThakamAM evo abhiprAya vyakta karavAmAM Avyo hinadI mahAsAgaramAM khanija telano dariyAI sArakAmanA kSetre " It is not inco cyeyable that some Selected paNa Avo sahakAra zakya che. A mATe eziyAnA rASTro mATe Countries of the region may enter into arran eka saMyukta sAhasa (Joint venture) sthApavAnI darakhAsta gement On the lines of EFTA" A uparAMta ezi bhArate raju karI che ane e mATe bhArate tAlImanI vyavasthAnI yAne rASTro bhegA maLI saMyukta rIte yuropiyana samAna sagavaDa purI pADavAnI taiyArI paNa batAvI che. bajAranA dezo sAthe potAnA Arthika hitonuM rakSaNa thAya e bhAratanI uparokata darakhAstamAM utpAdana vadhAro utpArIte samajutI ke karAra karavA joIe. dananI navI tarAha (Pattern of producton) AyAtamAM eziyana ke mana mArkeTanA svarUpamAM "Asian pasadagInI prathA, vAhana vyavahAra ane saMdezA vyavahArano Trade Bloc" sthApavA mATenI 1960nI ECAFEnI vikAsa, vikasita rASTrAnI vastuonI harIphAi sAme vikasatA beThakamAM darakhAsta raju thayA pachI A dizAmAM pragati ghaNI rASTronI navI pedAze (Nascent Products) ne saMrakSaNa. dhImI rahI che. khAsa karIne bhAratIya upakhaMDamAM bhArata, tathA vistArane dezo vacce vinimayanI cukavaNInA karAro vagere pAkistAna ane baMgalAdezavALA eziyAnA sauthI bAbatone samAveza thAya che. bhArata A vistAranA rASTro A vadhu vastIvALA vistAramAM rAjakIya gharSaNa ne kAraNe dizAmAM jhaDapI pragati kare ema Icche che. yuropiyana samAna nahivata pragati thavA pAmI che. simalA karAra ane bhArata bajAranI saphaLatA ane ghaTato jato videzI madadano pravAha pAkistAna vaccenA rAjakIya saMbaMdhamAM sudharavA taraphI valaNa jotAM A dezo vacce Arthika sahakAra mATenI utkaMThA vadhu tIvra pachI have A dizAmAM pragati thavAnI AzA rAkhI zakAya. banI rahI che. vahelAM ke moDAM A dizAmAM gayA sivAya kAraNa ke A rASTrone audyogika pAye anya vikasatA rASTro eziyana rASTrono chUTake nathI. karatAM vadhu majabUta naMkhAya che. bhAratane lAge vaLage che tyAM sudhI silona, pAkistAna, brahmadeza, siMgApora, malAyA ane atyAra sudhInI carcAmAM eziyAnA rASTro AvA bAMgalAdeza jevA paDozI rASTro enAM mahatvanAM bajAra hovA Arthika sahakAranI vicAraNA mahad aMze EEC ane HTAnI chatAM e deze sAthe bhAratane vepAra eTale joIe sAme saMrakSaNAtmaka dRSTie ja karatAM hatA. paraMtu briTana yuroenAM karatAM ghaNuM ja ocho che. 1970mAM bhAratanI kula panA samAna bajAramAM joDAvAthI have A daSTie ja vicAraNA nikAsamAMthI potAnA A paDozI rASTro khAte nikAse rUA. karavI, ane saMrakSaNAtmaka pAyA upara eziyAnuM samAna bajAra 100 karoDa karatAM ochI hatI je enI kula nikAsanA laga ubhuM karavAnI dalIla TakI zake ema nathI. alabatta je ezibhaga 7% jeTalI ja hatI. AyAtanI vAta karIe to bhAratanI yAmAM AvuM saMgaThana racI zakAya te pazcimanA vikasita rAkho kula AyAtamAM 3% jeTalI ja AyAte enA paDozI rASTa- ane khAsa karIne yuropiyana samAna bajAra sAme eziyAnA mAMthI karavAmAM AvI hatI. eziyAnA Arthika ane rAjakIya rASTro eka saMgaThana rUpe pitAnI sedAzakti jarUra vadhArI zake rIte mahatvanA A bhAratIya upakhaMDanA vistAramAM rAjakIya je eziyana rAkhyune AvuM saMgaThana ubhuM karavAmAM gharSaNane kAraNe Arthika saMgaThane vikAsa avarodhAyo che. pari | saphaLatA maLe to ene AdhAra e saMgaThanamAM joDanArA rASTro NAme bhArate eziyAthI dUra yugelAvIyA ane eAR vagere saMgaThananA ane sabhyadezo vaccenA vepArane vistRta karavA sAthe pasaMdagInAM karAre (Preferential Arrangements) mATenA hItamAM pitAnI rASTriya svAyattatA keTale aMze saMgano vikAsa karyo che. jyAre bIjI bAju pAkistAne TakI ane 1 Thana mATe jatI kare che enA upara che. je sabhya deza ekavAra irAna sAthe A karAra dvArA vepArane vadhAravAnA prayatna karyo che. saMgaThanamAM joDAya chatAM vizvanA anya dezo ke anya vyApArI bhAvikAryakrama saMgaThane sAthe vyaktigata karAra karavA mATe mukta rahete AvuM 1972 mAM ECAFE dezonI beMgakoka khAte maLelI saMgaThana dhArelI saphaLatA meLavI zake nahi, je A zaratone beThakamAM bhArate A vistAranA dezo vacce aMtara rASTriya vepAra AdhIna rahIne eka majabuta saMgaThana UbhuM karavAmAM Ave te zake ema nathI thayAnuMsara saMgaThana ane ane rAta paMDanA Jain Education Intemational

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smRti graMtha saMdarbha 319 eziyAnuM A samAna bajAra, cAha, rabara ane TInanA vecA- alabata AvuM saMgaThana saphaLa rIte UbhuM thatAM hajI NamAM lagabhaga Itaro bhegavI zake. A uparAMta A vistA- ghaNI majala kApavAnI che chatAM vizvanA A rIte saMgaThita ranI vastI vizvanI kula vastInA 20% jeTalI hovAthI eka thayelA rASTranA Arthika vikAsanA valaNa jotAM A prayatna kharIdanArano IjAre Monolosony paNa UbhuM karI zakAya. paDatA mUkAya evA saMjoge ochA che. Ama baMne rIte jotAM A vistAranA rASTrone ekaMdare phAyado thaI zake ema che. GRAMS : TINBOXES TELE. 321405 WORKS 379456 B. Dhirajlal & Co. IRON & STEEL MERCHANTS COMMISSION AGENTS Associated Harez Metal Printers-Central Tin Works Vijay Steel Traders K. Chunilal & co CARNAC SIDING ROAD, IRON MARKET, BOMBAY-9 Jain Education Intemational

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320 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga-2 esa. TI.nI noMdhapAtra pragati kuca E 1688 1767 1972 ~pa973 4500 rUTonI saMkhyA........... vAhane..... basa dvArA varSa daramyAna musApharonI saMkhyA......... basa sTezana, sTenDa vi... 13 karoDa 381 60 karoDa 1125 sAmAna rAkhavA mATe kalekarUma, pIvAnuM pANI, lAMbA aMtaranI ekSapresa ane rAtrI basa sarvise, 19 ArAmadAyaka beThakevALI lakajharI mInIbasa, lakajharI basa savise, vidyAthIo aMdhajano, kensaranA dardIo vagerene kansezana, davAo ane anya jarUrI cIja vastuone pArsala basa dvArA lAvavA laI javAnI savalate vadhatI ja jAya che... uparAMta deza, pradezanI kaTokaTInI paLomAM..... duSkALa, relasaMkaTa, meLAo.......... ane bIjA khAsa prasaMgoe. gujarAta rAjya mArga vAhana vyavahAra korporezane ane tenA nAnA moTA karmacArIoe sevA ane pharajanuM umadA udAharaNa purU pADayuM che. gujarAta rAjya mArga vAhana vyavahAra korporezana, amadAvAda-ra 2 Jain Education Intemational

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bhAratanI grAmodyogIkaraNa yojanAo bihAra kerAlA [1] pUrvabhUmikA anukrama naMbara ApaNA bhArata dezamAM-zaherI vistAramAM audyogIkaraNa zarU thaeluM. paraMtu dezanA gAmaDAMomAM pravartatI bekArI ane ardha bekArIne prazna hala thAya tathA gAmaDAMmAM-udyoga sthApavAmAM Ave ane temAM sthAnika athavA bIjA kAcA mAlane upaga, keI udyoga zarU thatAM thaI rahe ane te dvArA grAmya janatAne rojI roTI maLI rahe tevA prayatno thavAnI jarUra bhAratanA Ayajana paMcane jaNAyAthI grAmya kAryakrama ane pa janAo bAbata vicArI Ayojana paMce, saMbaMdhIta khAtAo sAthe agAu carcA-vicAraNA paNa karelI, ane grAmodyogIkaraNa mATe eka samItI paNa nImelI. sadarahu samitIe bhArata dezamAM grAmadyogIkaraNa karavAnA hetuthI dareka rAjyamAM vistAra nakakI karelA; ane dareka vistAra mATe trIjI cothI paMcavarSiya yojanAnA samaya daramyAna zarUAtamAM rUpIA nI pa lAkha (20 lAkha) nI rakama prayoga rUpe lena ane madada tarIke, (sTAphanA pagAra sahita) vaijanAo banAvI te mujabanI maMjurI mujaba vAparavA ApavAnuM dhoraNa rAkheluM. 1967 sudhI 8 Ayojana paMcanI doravaNI heThaLa; A kAryakrama calAvavAmAM AvelAM ane 1968 thI vahIvaTI sattA bhAratanA audyogIka vikAsa khAtAnA sacivAlaya nyu dilhI pAse rAkhavAmAM AvelI ane 1970 nA epIlathI A aMgenI kAmagIrInI javAdArI bhAratanA zrI vikAsa kamiznara laghu udyogenA audyogika vikAsa khAtAnA sacivAlaya nyu dilhIne soMpavAmAM AvatAM tene paNa sAro AvakAra maLI rahyo che. [2] cothI paMcavarSiya janAnA cAlu projekaTo grAma- 11 ghogIkaraNa janAo 12 bhAratanA prathama 49 prejekaTa (prathama 45 ne paI. 4 ) rAmadyogIkaraNa janAo 1962thI akhatarArUpe gRha ane nAnA udyoganA vikAsa mATe zarU thaela. jenI rAjyavAra paristhiti nIce mujaba che. 14 anukrama rAjyanuM projekaTanA jIllAnuM nAma naMbara nAma anukrama naMbara sahita gujarAta 1 karacha (bhuja), 2 paMcamahAla (godharA) mahArASTra 3 cahu dinagara 4 osamAnAbAda 15 vardhA da ratnAgIrI -zrI madhusUdana bI. zAha rAjyanuM projekaTaranA jIllAnuM nAma nAma anukrama naMbara sahita AMdhrapradeza 7 anaMtapura 8 gaMtura 9 na.lageMDA AsAma 10 gelaparA 11 mIjho TekarIo 12 darabhaMgA 13 gayA 14 rAMcI 15 sAMthala paragaNuM 16 zahAbAda 17 elapI 18 kelIkaTa jammu ne kAzmIra 19 anaMtanaMga 20 kauThA madhyapradeza 21 bhIDa 22 daLa 23 nImara (pUrva) 24 suragujA mAyara 25 dhAra Da 26 zImegA 27 tumakura erIssA 28 kaTaka 29 sAMbalapura paMjAba 30 saMgarUra rAjasthAna 31 gurU 32 nAgura tAmIlanADuM 33 cIgalIpura 34 tAlIma 3pa tirUnI levalI uttarapradeza 36 alhAbAda 37 amerA 38 gAjhIpura 39 jhAMsI 40 saharAnapura pazcima baMgALa 41 baradavAna 42 dArjIlIMga 43 madanApura 44 covIsa pAraNAM - 13 Jain Education Intemational www.ainelibrary.org

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 chalA vikAsanI parIka cIjanAo (pAya sita pradezamAM paMjAbanA 16 rAjya anukrama rAjyanuM projekaTanA jIllAnuM nAma ]i tevI ja rIte sArI vAhana vyavahAranI sagavaDe je te naMbara nAma anukrama naMbara sahita jIllAmAM hovI joIe rAjya sarakAre ochAmAM ochI himAcala pradeza 45 mahAsa rastA, vAhana vyavahAranI vyavasthA thI paMcavarSiya 46 kAMgA janA purI thatAM sudhImAM purI pADavI joIe. kendrazAzita pradeza 47 govA [5] je jIlalAmAM saghana khetI vikAsa yojanA heThaLa grAmya 48 maNIpura rojagArI kAryakrama ke saghana zaikSaNika jIlalA vikAsanI 49 tripurA mArgadarzaka yojanAo (pAyalaTa projekaTa) ke nAnA uparanI vigata uparathI jaNAze ke bhAratanAM 16 rAjya ane TocanA kheDUtanA vikAsanI yojanA je kalAmAM ane kendrazAsita pradezamAM paMjAba rAjyane eka te uttara hoya tevA jIlAne A aMge prathama pasaMdagI ApavAmAM pradezanA pAMca jIlAmAM grAmodyogIkaraNa yojanAne vistAra Avaze. nakkI karavAmAM AvyuM che. jyAre koI rAjyanA traNa ke cAra jIhalAone paNa sadarahu yeAjanA heThaLa AvarI levAmAM AvyA A aMge dareka pasaMdagInA jIllAmAM zarUAta rUpe che. jyAre gujarAtanA be chalA bhuja (kaccha) ne paMcamahAla lena/madada tarIke bhArata sarakAra vIsa lAkha rUpIA phALavela che. je rakama cethI paMcavarSiya yojanAnA aMta sudhImAM vAparI (godharA) ne A aMge lAbha maLe che. devAtAM je te projekaTane tyArabAda nabhAmaNI ne vadhu vikAsa [3] projekaTa pasaMdagInuM dhoraNa mATe rAjya sarakAre jarUrI vyavasthA karavAnI raheze. zarUAtanA upara jaNAvelA 49 prejekaTamAM kAryakSetra [4] grAmodyogIkaraNa-janAnuM kAma-te aMge sTapha; jIllAnA keTalAka Arthika rIte pachAta gaNAtA tAlukA vagere kharca vagere bAbata dhyAnamAM laI; nakakI karavAmAM AveluM ane pAchaLathI samagra je te jIlAne have uparanI vigate AvarI levAmAM A yojanAmAM eka tuM e paNa che ke rojagArInI Avela che, jemake gujarAtanA paMcamahAla jIllAnAM 747 tako ubhI karavA uparAMta gAmaDAmAM je gRha ane nAnA udyogo gAmaDAM ane 7,27,921 nI grAmya vastIne AvarI letA cha hoya te paNa vikasAvavA tathA gAmaDAmAM navA udyoge sthApavA tAlukAne (agIyAra paikI) tA. 13-12-62 thI grAmodyogI. ke jethI zahera tarapha thate vadhAre ne ghasAre-rojIroTI mATe karaNa yojanAmAM samAveza karela ane tA. 1-4- 63 thI ochA rahe ane gAmaDAnA kArIgarone sthAnika kAcAmAla hoya piMcAyata rAjya amalamAM AvatAM jIllA paMcAyata paMcamahAla te te upagamAM udyogamAM levAtAM. rejI TI maLI rahe ane ( kaccha grAmodyogIkaraNa-Ayojana samiti nyu dilhIe A kAryakramane godharA) mAraphata A yojanAnuM amalIkaraNa zarU karavAmAM vega ApavAne protsAhita karavA bhArata sarakArane je sUcane bhuja karelAM te svIkAravAmAM paNa AvelAM che, tethI A janAo Avela ane pAchaLathI 1970 thI AkhAe 5 camahAlane have grAmodyoganA vikAsanA akhatarAnI zarUAtamAMthI eka kaccha jIllAne have cothI paMcavarSiya yojanAmAM AvarI rASTrIya kAryakrama banatAM deza navA Arthika vikAsane eka pragalevAmAM Avela che. tinuM sopAna banI raheze. kAraNa ke bhAratane tamAma grAmya pradeza; tamAma jIlalAo (paMdara ha ranI vasti sivAyanAM sAmAnya rIte A aMge je te prejekaTanA jIhalAonI gAma) pacI 4 varSamAM A yojanA heThaLa AvarI levAmAM pasaMdagI rAjya sarakAranI bhalAmaNa dhyAnamAM laI A aMgenI AvanAra che. ane dareka uttarottaranI paMcavarSiya yojanAmAM gAme dhogIkaraNa samitI nyu dilhI nakkI kare che. ane te aMge bhArata; sahakAranI saMpUrNa sahAyathI 50 (pacAsa navA projemukhyatve nIcenI bAbate dhyAnamAM levAmAM Ave che. kaTo bhAratamAM pasaMda karavAmAM Avaze ane have je te paMca[1] Ayojana paMce pachAta jale mAnya rAkhele ho varSiya yojanA pUrI thatAM je projekaTane bhArata sarakAranI vIsa joIe ane rAhatanA dare dhIrANa ane athavA 10 TakA lAkha rUpIyAnI sahAya maLI cukI haze. te projekaTone bhArata udyogamAM mUDI rokANa peTe madada mATe mAnya karela sarakAra; rAjya sarakArane saMpaze ane e rIte dareka paMcavarSiya jIle heya. janAmAM A kAryakrama cAlu raheze. [a] jIllAmAM puratI vijaLI zaktine puravaThe have A pejanAmAM mukhya kAmagIrI tarIke udyoganA vikA joie, ane kadAca temAnA hoya te rAjya sarakAre A sanI pravRttio jemake maMjaNI udyoga aMgenI tathA judA suvidhA cothI paMcavarSiya yojanAne aMte purI pADavA judA udyoganI audyogIka tAlImanI yojanAo ane te aMge je te jIllAne bAMhedharI ApavI joize. madada audyogIka ekamane-praraNA pravA; jAherAta ane pracAra Jain Education Intemational

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha 323 vagere ke jethI gAmaDAnA kArIgaranI audyogIka hoMziyArI vadhe paikI 13880 yunITa navA hatA. A aMgenA ekamonA tathA te uparAMta audyogIka sevA kendronI sthApanA karavI ke utpAdananI kiMmata pacIsa karoDa uparAMtanI thaelI. tathA jethI vastunA utpAdananI jAta sudhare temaja jarUrI adyatana cAlIsa hajAra vyaktione sudharelA ojAra ane tenI paddhati mazInarI ane anya sAdhana-udyoganA vikAsa mATe ApavAM tathA anya udyoganI adyatana tAlIma maLelI. ane eka lAkha ane audyogIka utpAdana zakti vadhAravAmAM madada karavI vagere. uparAMtanA kArIgaronA yunITane tAMtrika daravaNI ane mArga dazana laghusevA saMsthA ane tenAM 16 sevA kendro tathA 55 - vadhumAM A aMgenA projekaTanA tamAma sTAphane purepure vistaraNa kendro mAraphata pUrI pADavAmAM AvelI. A aMgenA khaca bhArata sarakAra bhogave che. tathA vyaktigata kArIgarane audyogika ekama paikI cAlIsa TakAnA ekame ke je adyatana (gujarAtamAM rAjya madada) udyogane 1935 nA niyama heThaLa mazInarIthI utpAdana kare che. ane vijaLI vaparAzane lAbha sastAdare lena-traNa TakAnA vyAje saraLa haptAthI tenI kAma meLave che. te uparanI vigate gRha ane nAnA udyogone vikakAjanA bhaMDaLa ane mazInarI kharIdavA (projekaTa-rIpeTa sAvI rejI roTI ApI rahyA che. ane temanuM muDI rokANa yunITanA AdhAre) nI jogavAI che. tathA laghu sevA saMsthA lagabhaga kula 19 karoDa paikI 7 (sAta) karoDa rUpIAnuM mAraphata vyakti tema ja audyogIka ekamene tAMtrIka daravaNI rokANa A aMge sadaraha ekamee temanuM potAnuM kareluM che. ane mArgadarzana paNa purU pADavAmAM Ave che. dara varSe bhArata jyAre bAkInI rakama janAo taraphathI tathA nANuM dhIranAra sarakAra; rAjya sarakAra mAraphata je te projekaTane rakama lena saMsthA/nigama mAraphata lena tarIke maLelI che. vaLI 10 TakA madadanI A aMge phALave che. te mujaba vaijanAo banAvI jeTale AyAtane achatane kAco mAlAne keTA jemake sTenalesa tenI maMjUrI mujaba kAmagIrI karavAnI rahe che. 'sTIla sadarahu prAjakatA mATe IlAyado rAkhavAmAM Ave che. mahekama aMge paNa sAmAnya rIte nakkI thaelA DhAMcA | gujarAtanA gedharA projekaTamAM khetI mATe upaganI sImenTa pAIpanA hAlanA yunITane trimAsIka sImenTa keTA mujaba dareka projekaTamAM eka projekaTa ophIsara; eka Aye tathA rUpIA sIttera hajAranI lena maLelI tathA kalAtmaka sekA jana saha maMjaNI adhikArI (zrI madadanIza niyAmaka udyoga) cAra IkonomIka invesTIgeTara tathA hisAbanIza; kArakuna be seTa dAhodana gujarAta kharAdI varka sa yunITa ke jene akhila paTAvALA; TAIpIsa, ane ene tathA jIpa DrAIvara hoya che. bhArata hasta udyoga kaLAmaMDaLa nyu dilhI vagerenA orDara maLelA ane pradarzanamAM paNa tenA namunA judA AkarSaNa rUpa jemane tamAma pagAra bhaththAM vagerene kharca bhArata sarakAra tarI AvatA tathA gRhaupayogI masAlAne lImaDI gRhaudyoga bhagave che. jethI dareka kArIgara ane tenA prazno audyogIka mejaNInA AdhAre-janAo banAvavI; temaja cAlu audyo yunITa tathA devagaDha bArIyA mukAme sImenTa saMzodhana kendra je gIka ekamene vikasAvavA ane navA ekame sthApavAne temane vaDodarA yunIvarsiTImAM agAu cAlatuM tenI pragati ane lIma kheDA najIka A aMge maLI Avela pAMca lAkha Tanane lAIma lena, madada ApavIne lenanA haptA vasula levA temaja temanI jarUrIAta peTe kAcA mAlanA meLavavA madadarUpa thavuM ane sTonane ja udyogamAM levAya ne darojanA daTana sImenTa utpanna thaelA mAlanA vecANamAM paNa sahAyarUpa banavuM temaja utpAdanane nAne udyoga sthApavA sau prayatnazIla rahe tathA tAMtrika mArgadarzana meLavavuM ane ApavuM ane A aMge pIpaledane pheTophrema yunITa tathA dAhoda najIkano cA gaLa anya jarUrI savalata ApavI jethI tenA kAmakAjane vikAsa utpAdana yunITa temaja dAhoda--jhAleda tAlukA khetI pedAza rUpAtara sahakArI maMDaLI lI. dAhodane pagarakhAMnI tAlIma ane thaI rahe. tenI yejanA tathA jhAledanA IlekaTronIka yunITa vagere upayogI [5] 49 projekaTonI pragati ane tenuM mUlyAMkana yunITa sadaraha grAmodyogIkaraNa janAmAM pragati karI rahyA che. tevI ja rIte bhuja projekaTamAM ajarakha tathA bAnTIkanuM 1962-63thI 1968-69hnA sAta varSanA gALAmAM prInTIga kAma dhamaDakA gAme (tAluka- A jAra ) tathA rambaranA kula kharca agIyAra karoDa uparAMtanuM thaeluM che. tathA cothI phugAnuM kArakhAnuM nAgalapura gAme (tAluka-mAMDavI-kaccha) tathA paMcavarSiya yAjanA daramyAna (1969-70 thI 1973-74) aMjAranA traNaso jeTalA kArIgarane suDI-cappa banAvaTane lagabhaga sADAcAra kareDanI jogavAI karelI ja vadhArIne A udyoga saMthA hAthazALane unavaNATanuM kAma ane sADI, zetaraMjI aMgenI jarUrIAtane pahoMcI vaLavA nava karoDa jeTalI karI ane dhAbaLAnuM utpAdana tathA carma udyoga vagere udyoganA che. je uparathI A projekaTanI vaijanAone maLe AvakAra kArIgaroe paNuM sArI evI pragati karI che. kerAlA; AMdhajaNAI raheze. pradeza; mAyasoranA projekaTo e paNa sauthI sArI pragati sAdhI che. kerAlAmAM zrI projekaTa ophIsarane A kAmagIrI badala - tA. 31-3-71 sudhImAM trIza hajAra uparAMtanA saMpa sattA ApelI che. to keTalAka projekaTa; udyoga khAtA audyogIka ekamane A pejanA heThaLa madada apAI che. je mAraphata cAle che jyAre gujarAtanA projekaTanuM sahakArI Jain Education Intemational

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324 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 7 kerAlA khAtAnA adhikArIo mAraphata ne jIllA paMcAyata dvArA amalI Survey) vistaraNa pUrvaka tAMtrika Arthika mijanI (TeckaraNa thaI rahyuM che. hno Economic survey) paNa thaze. sadarahu projekTamAM mAgaNI AdhArIta maMgapUraka ane khetI AdhArIta udyoga ( 1966nA A yojanAonA mUlyAMkana kAryakramane AdhAre jemake telIbIyAM pIlANa kapAsa jInIMga ane presIMga cama uparanA 49 projekaTa paikI 12 projekaTomAM saMtoSakAraka kAma udyoga, khAMDasarI udyoga, khetInAM ojAronI banAvaTa vagere gIrI nahi hovAthI temane "" vaga maLela jyAre 1970mAM thaI zake ema jaNAyuM che. vadhumAM bhAratanA audyogIka vikAsa pharI A aMgenA projekaTanA kAmakAjanuM mUlyAMkana karatAM uparanA khAtAe je te rAjya tathA kendra zAsita pradezone nIce nI 12 paikI 11 "" varganA projekaToe pragati karelI ane vigate jANa karI pAMcamI paMcavarSIya yojanAmAM navA bIjI temane "a" varga maLe ane phakta AIjalano projekTa harelanA 50 projekaTo grA nAdyogI karaNa janAnA phALagyA "ka" vargamAM rahele taMdurasta hariphAIthI projekaTamAM vikAsa che. te tA. 1-1-74thI kAmagIrI karatA thaI jaze. sadhAya mATe cAMdInA zilDa sArA projekTanA projekaTa ephIsarane ApavAmAM Ave che. anukrama rAjyanuM va. phA. anukrama rAjyanuM va. phA. naMbara nAma che. saMkhyA naMbara nAma pre. saMkhyA [ii pAMcamI paMcavarSiya yojanA daramyAna have bIjI 1 AMdhapradeza 3 2 AsAma harelanA pasaMda thayelA projekaTa 3 bihAra 4 gujarAta paMdara hajArathI ochI vastIvALA gAmane A grAma 5 hariyANa himAcala pradeza ghogIkaraNa yojanAno lAbha maLI zake che. temaja grAmya vijaLI karaNanA kAryakrama heThaLa AvA pAyaloTa projekaTa mAM cAlatA 8 mahArASTra hoya tevA jIllAmAM bhAratamAM nIcenA rAjyamAM grAmadyogI jammu-kAzmIra 10 madhyapradeza karaNa yojanAnA pAMca navA projekTo phALavavAmAM AvyA che. jemake 11 meghAlaya 1 12 mApasara 2 13 erIssA 14 nAgAlenDa anukrama jIlAnuM rImArkasa. rAjyanuM naMbara nAma nAma 15 rAjasthAna 2 ke 16 tAmIlanADu 1 karImanagara AMdhrapradeza 17,uttarapradeza 4 18 pazcima baMgALa 4 2 junAgaDha | gujarAta A aMge amarelI 19 paMjAba - (amarelI jIllAnA jIllAnA keDInAra tathA - keDInAra sahita) ke jyAM vijaLI- AMdAmAna nikobAra TApu 1 sahakArI maMDaLIne. kArya pradeza samA lakhadIva mInIkeya vavAmAM AvyA che. amInadIva TApu 1 tene paNa A aMge ane dAdarA nagara havelI 1 lAbha ApavAmAM nekA AvyuM che. pAMDecarI 3 ahamadanagara mahArASTra mukhya mathaka saMgama nera raheze ne A ane maNIpura aMgenA vikAsa ghaTaka blakane paNa AvarI levAmAM AvelA che. * saravALo : 2421 maLI kula 50 4 : lakhana , uttara pradeza gujarAtamAM A aMge banAsakAMThA jIllAne sAbarakAMThA 5 belagAma chalA (pAlanapurane hiMmatanagara)ne pasaMdagI maLelI che. uparanA uparanA prAjekTamAM zarUAtamAM udyoganI zakyatAnI tamAma navA projekaTomAM saghaLe kharca (sTApha sahita) mojaNI majaNuM thavA uparAMta ( Resource Cum Potentiality saMzAdhana vistaraNa mArgadarzaka janAo tathA namunAsara Jain Education Intemational

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mRti graMtha saMdarbha 325 bhAratI enDa ku. samajAvaTa ane maryAdita rakamamAM lena vagere peTe tamAma rakama, bhArata sarakAra pAMca varSa daramyAna Apaze. [7] upasaMhAra uparanI vigata uparathI jaNAze ke gAmaDAomAM pravartatI bekArI ane ardha bekArI dUra karavA tathA kArIgarone temanA dhaMdhAmAM pagabhara thavA ane sthAnika kAcA mAlane upayoga karI mejaNI saMzodhana tAlIma, preraNA pravAsa, jAherAta, sastAdare lena vagere janAonA amalIkaraNathI gAmaDAMmAM ghogI karaNa thaI rahyuM che. ane A stutya pagalAMthI have dareka paMca- varSiya yejanAmAM deza jarUrI pragati karI A haraNaphALa bIradAvaze ke jethI dezamAM koI rojIroTI vinAne bhaviSyamAM nahi rahe ema AzA rAkhavAmAM Ave che. 444 gaumukha galI muLajI jeThA mArakeTa | mubaI-2 Gram: COLORSTONE Phones Office : 334403 1 Resi, 1 550676 J. Chandravadan & Co. Stockista : A. C. C. REFRACTORIES & CEMENT 53, C. P. Tank Road, BOMBAY-4. Jain Education Intemational

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kara We don't build battle ships eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 But building bodies is our speciality Making bus des trinh, chur ar 1 reinbio is our princonnors The divest n your com ATONE Vi Congwers, son que seats, sel eration of winds at the ado Body by Ruby is streamlined and sty The driver too, is not 1en WICK TARTS apable sext are arose titties And for your are Ligy body is bicted to the most rig 4 tests. COACH BUILDERS PVT. LTD. Se Redle Yourside Workshop 15. Dr. Annie Besant Rood, Bintu-14 B Wurkchou Hd Marcals Mambar 12 Nate, Suben. Andad

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eziyAmAM vanaspati ane phaLasaMpatti zrI zebhAnanda jhA zA thaI che. patienuM nA guNa , vanaspationAM udabhava viSayamAM prAkRtika saMketa jovAmAM evI rIte phaLa puSponAM AdhAre bIjA vRkSomAM bheda Ave che. kAraNake jema manuSya ane pazupakSIomAM jaLa hoya che ja, paNa jeTalA bheda AMbAmAM jovAmAM Ave che, ane sthalacaranA sthAna bhedethI ane jarAyuja, aMDaja ane tenAthI ochA bhedo bIjA phaLomAM jovAmAM Ave che. AmAM uSmaja bhedothI 84,00,000 peninI saMkhyA zAmAM darzA- paNa dezanAM AdhAre AnA nAma bheda hoya che. vavAmAM Avela che te pramANe vanaspatiomAM paNa temanAthI ochI na hoya teTalA bhedo hovAnuM mAruM maMtavya che. kAraNa zAkhAvALA vRkSomAM keTalAka kula rahita phaLavALA hoya ke eka eka vanaspationA phaLa, puSpa pAMdaDA vigerenAM pRthaka che, te keTalAka phaLa rahita puSpavALA ha ya che ane keTalAka pRthaka guNo jotAM ane Ayurveda zAstranI dRSTithI paNa je te puSpa rahita phaLavALA hoya che jyAre keTalAka phaLa puSpa rahita rogomAM tene upaga jotAM pratyeka jIva mATe eka eka paNuM hoya che. zAstranI dRSTithI jemAM puSpa vagara phaLa Ave vanaspatinI racanA thaI hoya. A uparathI ema paNa samajI ane meTI zAkhAo vALA hoya tevA vRkSo vanaspati kahevAya zakAya che ke mAnava pazu pakSIonI racanAthI pahelA vanaspa che. jemake azvattha, pIpaLe vaDa, udambara, nyo vigere tinI racanA thaI che kAraNa ke hamaNAM paNa je sthAnamAM manu- patu khAsa karIne vanaspatithI badhA vRkSo, lattAo vagere vyanuM sthAna nathI tyAM vanaspationuM sthAna levAmAM Ave che. samajavAmAM Ave che, zAkhA vagaranAM vRkSo latA, choDa vagere vanaspationA pAna, puSpa, phaLa, vigerenAM guNanA AdhAre che jemane saMskRta sAhityamAM auSadha tarIke paNa gaNavAmAM teonAM nAma rAkhavAmAM Ave che. jeonuM varNana nigha Ave che. uparAMta vedamAM paNa vanaspatione auSadha arIke keza vagere graMthamAM jovAmAM Ave che. ullekha karela che. AnuM kAraNa e che ke dareka vanaspati dareka jIva mATe auSadha svarUpamAM che. sthAna bhedathI vanaspationA puSpa phaLa pAMdaDAmAM DAka bhedo hoya che. nAma viSayamAM paNa bheda jovAmAM Ave che. vanaspatiomAM vikAza paraMtu saMskRta sAhityamAM je nAmano ullekha Ave che te pAkRtika niyamAnusAra vanaspatiomAM puSpa phaLa vagere tenAM guNa dRSTithI jovAmAM Ave che. ane phaLa, puSpa pAMdaDAmAM je AkAra hoya che. tene dhyAnamAM rAkhIne tenA nAmane ugatA jovAmAM Ave che. arthAta jevuM bIja tevuM phaLa thAya ullekha karela che. tema bIjA dezomAM vastunA guNa upara vicAra che. paraMtu manuSya vanaspatinI A prAkRtika prakriyAmAM pitAnI buddhi anusAra pherAro karIne vanaspatiomAM vikAza kare che. karIne nAma rAkhavAmAM AvatAM nathI. keTalIka vanaspatio. jene kalamI prakriyA kahe che. jemake AMbA, jAmaphaLa, lIcI thaLanAM AdhAre uge che. je te sthAnamAM ugatI nathI. AnuM varNana vanaspati sRSTi graMthamAM karavAmAM Avela che. vagerenAM bIjathI je nAno choDa hoya che tene varSARtumAM ukheDIne bIjI jagyAe ugADavAmAM Ave cheA rIte be traNa vanaspationAM sAmAnyana bhedo vakhatanI prakriyAthI je taiyAra thaela vRkSa hoya che tenuM phaLa sAmAnya vRkSanA phaLa karatAM moTuM hoya che. A jAtanAM vRkSane vanaspatio jala ane sthalamAM ugatI hovAne lIdhe bIjedabhava kahevAmAM Ave che. svarUpamAM paNa bheda jovAmAM Ave che. sthalamAM paNa zAkhA, latA, cheDathI yukta vanaspatio hoya che. nAnI moTI zAkhA- bIjI rIte eka nAnA choDane kuMDAmAM rAkhIne moTA ene kAraNe paNa vRkSomAM bheda jovAmAM Ave che. jeo vRkSa, vRkSanI DALImAM varSA samayamAM kalama karIne sArI rIte bAMdhI pAMdaDA cheDa) thI oLakhAya che. zAkhAvALA vRkSomAM keTalAka de che DA samaya pachI bane cheDa ane DALI saMdhAI jAya che. vRkSo evA che. jenAM kulamAM bheda nathI paNa phaLamAM bheda jovAmAM te pachI moTA vRkSanI DALIne kApI nAMkhe che ane nAnA choDane Ave che jema ke AMbe, AMbAmAM je maMjarI hoya che te uparano bhAga kApI nAMkhe che. tethI je jhADa thAya che tene kalamI eka samAna Ave che. paraMtu tenA phaLamAM nA', moTuM, khATuM vRkSa kahe che. AnuM phaLa bIbhava vRkSa karatAM bahu ja moTuM mIDuM vigere bheda hoya che. tevI ja rIte tenAM rUpagamAM paNa hoya che. ane phaLa aMdaranuM bIja ghaNuM nAnuM hoya che. AnuM bheda jovAmAM Ave che. ane te pramANe eka ja AMbAnAM phaLanAM jhADa bIjobhava vRkSa karatAM nAnuM hoya che. eTale ke uparanAM guNa bhedathI aneka nAme jovAmAM Ave che. bhAge na vadhatAM mAtra nIranAM bhAgamAM ja phelAyela rahe che. Jain Education Intemational

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328 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga-2 zAstranI daSTie A prakAranAM kalama vRkSo bIjobhava vRkSanI A uparAMta mAnava pazupakSIonAM jevuM vanaspatiomAM kakSAmAM deva pitR kArya mATe apavitra gaNAya che. keTalAka vRkSanI cetana che paraMtu te tamasA channa che ApaNuM jevI ja saMvedazAkhA kApIne jamInamAM ropavAmAM Ave che te paNa phalita nAe te anubhavI zake che. e vAta prAcIna bhArata vAsIthAya che. ane tenAM pupe sAmAnya vRkSanAM puSpa karatAM moTAM one jANa hatI. vanaspatio pakSIo ane anya prANIo hoya che. jemake galAba, gulAbanA choDane kApIne mATImAM sAthe manuSyAna sabaMdha che e vAtane svIkAra karI tapavanane ropavAthI tenAM puSe moTA thAya che. ApaNuM eka prakAranI kalama bhavya Adarza ApaNI samakSa teoe khaDe karela che Aja che. paNa uparokta kalama karatAM pavitra gaNAya che. kAraNa ke kArathI ApaNA dezanI kavitAomAM je prakRti prema jovA maLe uparokta kalama prakriyA joDakA rUpamAM zaMkara) rahe che. jyAre che te bIjA dezonI kavitAo karatAM vadhAre viziSThatA dharAve gulAbanA choDanI DALIne ja kApIne pharIthI jamInamAM ropavAmAM che. kAraNa ke bIjA dezonAM sAhityamAM araNyanuM sauhArda Ave che. Aja rIte cokhAnAM cheDane paNa be traNa vAra jovA maLatuM nathI. jamInamAMthI ukheDIne judI judI jagyAomAM vAvavAmAM Ave ApaNA mahAkAvyomAM varNana karAyelAM suMdaratama tapache tenA paNa phaLe moTA hoya che. A paNa kalama prakriyA che vananAM citro nihALI kaI ema mAne ke piNe tyAM moTA paraMtu A prakAranAM bIjane bhaviSyamAM lAvavA mATe saMgraha karI zahera na hatAM te bhUla bhareluM che. kAraNa ke rAmAyaNanAM ayozakAtuM nathI. kAraNa ke tenAthI je vRkSA thAya che ane phaLa dhyA ane laMkAnagarInAM varNano sAkSI rUpamAM rahelA che. eTale Ave che te phaLa khetaramAM ja kharI paDe che arthAta vAvaNI ke ApaNe tyAM moTA zaherenuM nirmANa thayeluM hatuM. badhA karavA sudhI vRkSamAM phaLa rahetuM nathI A prakAre vanaspationAM kAMI vanamAM rahetAM na hatAM bhArata varSe moTA zaheronuM nirmANa phaLa ane punAM vikAsa mATe aneka prakAranAM vidhAne karatAM tapavanene paNa biradAvyA che. eTale ka tapazcaryAne eziyAnA dezomAM jovAmAM Ave che. je eziyAnI kudaratI sanmAnI che. bhArata varSanI purANa kathAomAM je kAMI mahAna phaLa sampati che. Azcarya ane pavitratA che, je kAMI zreSTha ane pujya che te badhuM prAcIna tapavananI smRti sAthe saMkaLAyeluM che. vaLI vanaspationuM jIvana prAcIna kALathI vanaspationuM jJAna prApta karavAnA prayAse dareka dezamAM thatA AvyA che. ApaNA dezanAM trASimunIo vizvanI sRSTimAM vanaspationuM sthAna bahu ja maha- ane vidvAne e jaMgalejaMgala bhaTakI aneka varSo sudhI jaMgatvanuM che kAraNa ke emanuM jIvana mAtra jaDa jevuM che. je ja javuM chelonI gIca jhADIomAM hiMsaka prANIo vacce rahI aneka ema na hoya te koI paNa sthitimAM emanA svarUpanuM pari. kaSTa veThI aneka prakAranI vanaspationAM upayoga ane akhavartana jovAmAM Ave paraMtu vAstavamAM tema nathI kAraNa ke tarAo karI anubhava meLavI potAnI bhAvI prajAne mukhadvArA manuSya athavA pazu pakSIo dvArA keI paNa rIte vanaspati tema ja aneka graMtha dvArA pitAnuM jJAna bahyuM che. je prAcIna enAM mULa, zAkhA, pAna, ke phaLa vigerene je nukazAna thatuM upalabdha graMthamAMthI meLavI jIjJAsuonI jANakArI mATe atre hoya te paNa temAM jIvana muktanI jema potAnA svabhAvamAM prasiddhi karela che. parivartana karatAM nathI. eTale ke darekane samatA bhAvathI pitAnI sampatti dvArA bhedabhAva vagara sukha ApatI ja rahe che emane eziyAnI mahatvanI mukhya vanaspatio sakha da:khanI apekSA rahetI nathI ane bIjAonA sukha bhArata, nepala, jApAna, cIna, pAkistAna, bAMgalAdeza da:kha sAthe teone sabaMdha nathI. paraMtu emanAthI koIne sukha barmA, malezIyA, irAna, IrAka, aphaghAnIstAna, turkI, bhUtAna, maLatuM hoya te temAM teo tatpara rahe che. eTalA mATe ja laMkA. sIMgApura, sIkkIma, vagere maLIne lagabhaga 37 dezane vedathI laIne smRti graMtha ane purANomAM emanI smRti karAve NAmAM. emanA stuta kara- samAveza thAya che jemAM aneka prakAra vanaspatio utpanna che? vAmAM AvI che. ane vaLI kavi samAjamAM te emanuM sthAna ke te thAya che. temAM mukhya mukhya vanaspatio nIce mujaba che. bahu ja agatyanuM che. je mahAkAvyamAM vanaspationuM varNana karavAmAM na Avela hoya te eka doSa rUpa gaNavAmAM Ave cokhA : bhArata, cIna, jApAna, hiMdIcIna, brahmadeza che. paraMtu hamaNAM sudhInAM mahAkavioe potAnAM kAvyone ghauM : bhArata A rIte doSa rUpa banAvela nathI eTale ke vanaspatione sthAna ApyuM ja che, bhAratamAM mahAkavi kAlIdAsa bhavabhUti bAjarI : bhArata bhAsa, bhAravi, mAgha, bANa, vagere je mahAkavio thaI gayA java : bhArata che. teonAM mahAkAvyamAM vanaspationuM varNana je rIte karavAmAM Avela che. te saMskRta sAhityamAM vanaspationuM sthAna juvAra : bhArata prasaMgopAta darzAvavAmAM Avaze. zeraDI : bhArata bhU rItanA tAla prakAranA hisaka prANIo varSe paNa vadhIbhAvamAM zika mAMthI meLavI harA Jain Education Interational For Private & Personal use only

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- 329 cA : cIna, bhArata, laMkA aphINa : mULavatana cIna hAla utpAdana bhArata cIna kapAsa : bhArata smRti saMdarbha graMtha tADazarkarA : eziyA, bhArata, laMkA zeraDInegoLa : bhArata sAbudANA : ezIyAnAM keTalIka jAtanAM malAyA bhArata baMsalecana : ezIyA, bhArata. zIta kaTIbaMdha phaLa : bhArata, himAlaya, utpAdana pAkistAna uSNakaTIbaMdha phaLa : mULavatana, eziyA, hAla utpAdana pAkistAna, cIna. sUkomeve : eziyA, hAla utpAdana pAkistAna, IrAna, bhArata AMbA kerI : mULavatana bhArata, e vAnAM bIjA bhAge mosaMbI : mULavatana cI che. hAla utpAdana cIna, bhArata saMtarA : bhArata sapharacaMda : bhArata, pAkistAna. tejAnAM masAlA ; ezIyA bhArata marI : bhArata .lacI : bhArata amathu jIrUM Isabagula : bhArata hIMga H eziyA, aphaghAnistAna, bhArata kesara spena, bhArata, kAzmIra sepArI eziyA, bhArata barAsa ke bhImasenA kapura : cIna, bhArata caMdana khaDanuM tatva : marara, bhArata taja silenI : laMkA taja cInI : mULavatana cIna nALIyera : phaLa, bIja, tela : bhArata, laMkA, eziyA. sIMdarI : masIMga : bhArata tala, bIjatela : bhArata aLasI : bhArata eraMDA : bhArata telI bIyA : eziyA, bhArata hAthavaNAvaTa, zaNa, rU, H bhArata cIna. camaka banAvaTI rezama : jApAna, cIna. daMkhI resA : cIna, jApAna. gaTTAparyA : malAyA sagavAna : bhArata, brahmadeza, malAyA. sAlavRkSa : bhArata, devadAra : bhArata sukhaDa : bhArata, malAyA gaLI : bhArata lAkha : bhArata * guMda : eziyA kAcA esaDIyA : bhArata jInsaMga : mULavatana cIna ola garA tela : bhArata eziyAnA phaLa AMbA kerI : A bhAratanuM gaurava phaLa che. mehana jo daDonI saMskRtithI te prakhyAta che. tenI ghaNI jAte che. khATAM lIMbu ? AnuM vAvetara bhAratamAM vaidika kALathI thayela che. atyAre tenuM utpAdana vadhAre ITAlImAM thAya che. te vArSika 2,00, 80,000 jeTaluM che. lIcI ? AnuM vAvetara cI mAM 2000 varSa pahelA thayela che. bhAratamAM daherAdUnamAM moTA vAvetara thAya che. khArekora : tenuM vAvetara cInamAM 4000 varSathI thAya che. caNabAra : ane bhAratamAM paNa thAya che. drAkSa : IrAnanAM 6000 varSonA graMthomAM ullekha che. - bhAratamAM veda, grIsa, remana, IjIpta, cInanAM graMthamAM paNa tenI mAhitI che. Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 vAmpI : A phaLa khATAM hoya che. hAlamAM sapharacaMda ane nAspati sAthe bheTa kalama kRti mera bahu vaparAya che. mosaMbI : mULa cInamAM thAya che. 3000 varSothI pahe lAnuM che. tenA phaLamAM zarkarA 5 thI 10 TakA che. tevI hAla seMkaDo upajAte che bhAra tamAM punAnA phaLa vakhaNAya che. saMtarA : saMtarA mULa vatanI himAlayanAM che. te khATAM hoya che tenuM bIjuM nAma nAraMgI che. nAgapuranAM saMtarA vakhaNAya che. tenuM utpAdana eka lAkha TanathI vadhAre che. phaNasa : bhAratamAM thAya che tenuM vajana 20 thI 40 ratala jeTaluM thAya che. gaLaminda aNagamatI vAsavALuM pacavAmAM durjara che. lakuca : bhAratamAM thAya che te khATAM che muMbaImAM tene sapheda kekama kahe che. breDa kuTa : bhAratamAM thAya che. pAkAM phaLane sUkavIne tene leTa banAvI deTalA ke bhAta jema rAMdhI khavAya che. sapharacaMda : mULa pazcima eziyAnAM che. te khATAM hoya che. te kudaratI rIte uge che. paNa hAla kalama karIne tene mIThAM banAvavAmAM Ave che. atyAre tenI 6500 upajAte kalama pitR kArya mATe te zreSTha gaNAya che. tene ulekha vedamAM che uparAMta yuropanAM I. sa. pUrve 1100 nAM graMthamAM thayela che. tene mabalakha A pAka thAya che. eziyAnI gaMdhamayI phaLa, puSpa, pAna, mULa, chAla vagere vanaspatio nAma deza lAlacaMpa bhArata- hImAlaya kabusa jApAne hasIvA cIna sUrvaNa caMpaka bhArata kapura bhArata tamAlapatra laMkA cIna tejapatra bhArata himAlaya jIvaMti meMdI hInA 1.rata bhArata malAyA hiMmAlaya bhArata bhArata laMkA agara vasaMta nAgakesara mAdhavalansa gaMdhIgerI azeka kALe zirIza rAzamALA pipara lavaMgalattA bhArata himAlaya bhArata jApAna baMgAva lIlI badAma : malAyAmAM thAya che. hAla bhAratamAM thAya che tenI lAla tvacA paNa hoya che. hAla saurASTramAM dvArakA, baravALAmAM khUba thAya che. kAlasA te jaMgalane mevo che. eziyA bhAra tamAM thAya che. badhAmAM grATI guNe sArA che. jAmyuM : hiMda malAyAmAM thAya che. malAyAmAM sapheda ane gulAbI jAmbu paNa thAya che. jAmaphaLa : mULa amerIkAnAM che. paNa bhAratamAM lAla ane sapheda thAya che. dADama : mULa bhUmadhya pradezamAM che. hAla bhAratamAM thAya che mastI dADama vakhaNAya che tenAM sapheda ane lAla dANu hoya che. keLAM : hiMda malAyAmAM thAya che te eka auSadha phaLa che atyAre 300 thI vadhAre jAte che. deva suvA hiMda dhANuM magare camelI Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha nAma sAmAI savAza suthA phudIno mudra kapura kAcalI kesara vaDo nAma jala jamanI rAmeke cAkuMbhA zemA kapAsa 2.1831 nAgamAya devadAra kesTIka rasAvALI vanaspatio deza nAma sArjarI AsopAlava kuhaja Amada'DA deza aMdara sI. garajana zIya vina zAla arjuna 27 77 jApAna bhArata bhArata kAkazmIra bhArata malAyA annAsa bAM khajurI bhArata bhArata nALIyera keTalIka ImAratI lAkaDAnI jAta parI deza bhArata himAlaya bhArata lakA bhArata bhArata bhArata bhArata lakA cIna nepAla nama "" "" bhArata bhArata nAma kijala nA vIrA zIzama deza bhArata AsAma sIlAna bhArata cIna sapheda caMdana saMskRta sAhityamAM vanaspatie 331 vizvanI sRSTimAM mAnava sRSTine uccakakSAnI mAnavAmAM Avela che. AnuM kAraNa e che ke kabyA. ka byanuM jJAna mAnavamAMja sabavI zake che. A muSTi eka mAnava jIvananA pratika rUpamAM che. kAraNa ke mAnava je svarUpamAM rahI je ka kare tenuM phaLa svarUpa tevI ja yAni prApta thAya che. eTalA mATe prAcIna samayamAM marSi Ae manuSya jIvananuM kalyANuM karavA mATe tapAvananA Azraya lIdhA je tapAvanane AdhyAtmika dRSTie parama tattva ciMtana mATe uttama sthAna mAnavAmAM Avela che. tethI ja tapeAvanamAM rahIne upinaSado te purAsAdi dhArmika prayonu nirmANa karavAmAM AvyuM. ane A viSayanA vicAra paNa mukhyatayA tapeAvanamAM ja karavAmAM AvatA hatA tene mATe naimiSAraNyanA pANAmAM ullekha karavAmAM AvyA che. vAmIki rAmAyaNanI racanA paNa tAvanamAM ztIne ja karavAmAM khAlI che. vAstavamAM vAlmikI munino uddeza zamaciraMtanu thaIna karavAnA hatA. paraMtu jyAre citrakuTa, paMca vaTI, daMDa kAya, vageremAM rAmanucaritra, bana karavA lAgyA tyAre te vakhate tapAlananuM ba"na karavAmAM tannIna thaI gayA. kAraNa ke tapAlana vanaspatinu mukhya sthAna che. ane te vanaspatinA aneka prakAranAM phaLa, puSpa, lattAdInuM vana karatAM karatAM kahyu rasa zuMgAra rasamaya banAvI dIdhA. eTale jatA yAzmIki muni di kavi ane tenu zamacakSu smAdi kAvyI prasiddha banyA. AmAM zamacaritanAM vanamAM vanaspatienu mahattva jovAmAM Ave che. tyAra pachI kiva samAja saMskRta sAhitya mATe vanaspati Ane mukhya sthAna ApavAmAM Avyu. ane bAnA AdhAre jeTalA mahAkavio, kAlIdAsa, bhavamUrti, bAriye, zrIya, bALyu. vigere je thai gayA. teo sarvee potapAtAnI kRtiomAM varSoMna karyuM che. je kRti mahAkAvya rUpamAM prasiddhane pAmI. jemake kAlIdAsa potAnA mahAkAvya raghuvaMzamAM prathama saMgamAM zlokamAM lakhe che ke jyAre dilIparAjA sudakSiNA rANI sAthe vaziSTha muninA AzramamAM jAya che, tyAM rastAmAM vRddha gAthALIyAone rastAnA vrukSAnAM nAma pUche che. jenAthI rAjA tapeAvananA yudarAthI pramArSika thayela hoya ema lAge che. teja pramALe zAkuMtala nATakamAM paNa mATe bhAge kavie tapovananI zerabAnu ja bana karIne vanaspati upara sajIva

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332 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA-bhAga-2 AmrAtaka kimaka aSADha IgudI udubai kurabaka ucAlaka kurara ulaka kuza kuzaMbha uzIra elA kRtamAla ketakI eraMDA devadAsa driAkSa dhanvana tAne Arepa karyo che. temA zakuMtalAnI vidAya vakhate kava muni vanaspatione uddezIne zakuMtalAne vidAya ApavAnuM kahetA. karUNutAnuM vAtAvaraNa saryuM che. ane te vakhate vana spatio paNa jANe ke sajIva banI zakuMtalAne bheTamAM rezamI vastra, alaMkAra, lAkSArasa vigere Ape che. AvI rIte zAkutalanI zarUAta karvamuninA AzramanAM tapovananuM varNana ane aMtamAM mArIcaSinA AzramanAM tapavananuM varNana karatAM graMthanI samApti karI che. AvI ja rIte bhavabhUtie pitAnuM nATaka uttama rAma caritamAM, bhAravie tenA mahAkAvya kirAtAjunIyamAM, zrIharSe niSedha caritamAM, mAdha kavie zizupAla vadhumAM, ane bANa bhaTTe tenA vadyakAvya kAdambarImAM tapavananI vanaspationuM puSkaLa pramANamAM varNana karela che. jene ullekha nIce darzAvyA pramANe che. agastI ; A puSpane gujarAtImAM agathI kahe che agamya RSinAM nAma uparathI Ane munidrama paNa kahe che. kavi zrI harSe naiSadha caritamAM sarga 1-96 zlekamAM tenuM varNana karyuM che. A puSpa cAraMganAM hoya che. sapheda, pILAM, nIla, bhUrAM, lAla raMganAM che. bANu kavie kAdambarImAM paNa tene ullekha karela che. A rIte nIce darzAvela vanaspatione ullekha purAmAM, rAmAyaNamAM mahAkAvyamAM nATakamAM karavAmAM Avela che. agasa kakrakeTara agnimukhI kadamba aMjana atimuktalattA kamala aparAjItA kaMpilaka karavIra arjuna karakaMda araNi karNikAra alakataka azoka kalama azvakarma ThAMcanAra azvakarNa kAleyaka kezara kedraba kepidAra keSATakI kamuka kSIravRkSa kadira khajura ajapuSpI dhava dhAtakI naktamAha nameru nala kadalI guMjA navamAlikA nAraMgI nimula gema nio aka grothIpaNuM caNuka caMdana caMpaka kapUra nirmalI nivAra nAgavakSa nAlikera vyagrodha paTela jyA jAti asana tavara kAza padamaka tamAla 5nasa Amalika Ajha kaMpAla kizuMka tAbula 5maka Jain Education Intemational

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smRti graMtha saMdarbha tAlu ti'tiNi ti'duka tinisa tila tilaka damanaka da dADama plekSa darI aMdhuka khi'bI bIja pUraka bhagIra bhU majIThTha madhuka madAra gaeNllikA mADuMda mAlatI 3.5 mucukuMda muja mudraga mustA yuva yubhikA raktacaMdana rajaka raktamUla pATala pArijAta pASANabhedaka pippalI punAga yuga priyaka priyAla priyaMgu lepra vajhula varuNa vizalyakarNa ritaru vetasa zamI zara zAka mI zirISa zilAkusuma zIlIndra zizayA zuka 6 1 zephAlIka zaivAla zeAbhAjanaka satAnAvRkSa samIpa sarala sallakI siddhA zahiNa rahitaka lajjA lavaMga lavI lAja likuca 333 si'phuvAra sUcalA sUvarNa vakSa sthagara rathala kamiTina sarIca'na harIdrA hiM tAla AyurvedamAM vanaspatie sthAna sAmAnya rIte vanaspationA upayAga mAnava, pazu, pakSIo kare che. paraMtu A vanaspationA phaLa, puSpa, pAMdaDA vigeremAM zuM zuM guNA te te viSayanA vicAra Ayurveda zAstramAM vizeSa rUpathI carcA karavAmAM Avela che. vAstavamAM AyurvedamAM vanaspati viSayamAM je vicAra karela che. e uparathI ema lAge che ke mAnava pazu pakSIonA ciMrajIvana mATe vanaspationuM nirmANu hAya che. jemake khALakanA janma thatAM pahelAM ja tenA pASaNa mATe mAtAnA stanamAM dUdha utpanna thaI jAya che eTale ke caraka sahitAnA pahelA adhyAyamAM lakhyuM che ke " pahelA himAlayanI taLeTImAM prANImAtra upara karUNAthI prerAIne tapanA tejathI pradIpta brahmajJAnanAM nidhirUpa mahiSa e ekaThA thaI ne vicAra karavA lAgyA ke dhama, atha, kAma ane meAkSanu mULa uttama ArAgya che ane rAgA AregyanA kalyANunA temaja vitane paNa haranAra che. mATe A rAgeA rUpa moTuM vinna manuSyAne mAthe AvI paDayu che. ene upAya ze ? ema vicAra karatA ene upAya IMdra jANe che, evu' samajAtAM RSienI vatI dirghajIvananI icchAvALA bhAradvAja IMdra pAse gayA iMdre bhAradvAjane je " triputra Ayurveda" brahmA jANatA hatA. te zAzrvata Ayurveda bhaNAvyA. bhAradvAja pAsethI RSie zIkhyA ane jAte jAte rAga rahita jIvita ane ane parama sukha pAmyA pachI maitrI parAyaNa punaH sue sarvabhUtA upara anukampAthI pavitra Ayurveda cha ziSyAne bhaNAvye te ziSyeA (1) agniveza (2) bheDa (3) jatUkaNuM (4) pArAzara (pa) hArita (6) kSArapANI hatA. jeee AyuvedanA vikAsa karyo. jemAM dareka vanaspationAM guNadASAnu saMzodhana karIne jete rAgeAne maTADavA mATe Ayurveda zAstramAM ullekha karela che jemake - (1) hRdaya roga maTADavA mATe : kapUra, taja, jAyaphaLa, jAvaMtrI vagere. (2) lAhInAM dabANu mATe : nAgakesara, hyusa, pahADI phUdInA lasaNa, nALIyera tenu' pANI tALageAlA vigere

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34 (3) pAMDu roga mATe : pipaLa, punarnavA, papaiyA, haraDe, AmaLA vigera vigere. (4) rakta zASaka mATe : zemaLA, kAMcanAra, zIzama, (5) kaSna mATe : marI, pIpara, nAgaravela, aLazI, lavIMga vIgere A rIte dareka rAgo mATe caraka ane zuzru sahitAmAM vanaspationA vicAra karavAmAM Avela che. vanaspationA vistRta kSetro vanaspatiomAM dhAnyavarga, phUla va, puSpavarga, lattAva vigere vargAne jotAM dareka vageAnI vanaspatie prANIe mATe bhinna bhinna prakArathI upayAgI bane che jemAM vyAghapadArthImAM dhAnyavaga, pheLavanA samAveza thAya che. paratu te uparAMta mAnava jIvanamAM ghaNI vastuethI AvazyakatA che. jenI vanaspatie puratI kare che. prAcIna kALamAM vizvanA leAkeAe dareka jagyAe vanaspatiethI kAma letAM hatA. jemake zarIra upara paheravA mATe vastrA vanaspatienI chAlamAMthI banAvatA hatA ane rahevA mATe makAnamAM vanaspationA imAratI lAkaDAone upayega karatA hatA. lekhanakaLA mATenAM kAgaLAmAM vanaspationA patra ane chAla, kAgaLanA mAvA vigeremAM paNa vanaspationA, upayAga thAya che. A uparAMta jhADanA rasamAMthI rakhkhara, guda, lAkha vigere vanaspatie upayegI thAya che. judI judI jAtanAM raMgA mItru vigeremAM vana Jain Education Intemational eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 spationA upayoga thAya che. agni pragaTAvavA mATe divAsaLImAM paNa vanaspati vaparAya che. A rIte vanaspati manuSyAnA vistRta kAryomAM paNa ati upayogI thAya che. eziyAnI vanaspati ane kuLa sampatie A viSaya eTale vistRta ane gahana che ke ati saMkSepamAM lakhavuM kaThaNa che. kAraNa ke AmAM eka eka vanaspationA phaLa, puSpa, pAna, paNa aneka prakAro che. jethI kayA dezanI kaI vanaspati che tene chAla, mULa, vigerenAM guNA judA judA che. ane vanaspatione nizcaya karavA kaThIna thaI jAya che. vedAmAM vanaspationA je ullekha che te kaI dezanAM AdhAre nathI, paraMtu vizvasRSTinI vanaspationA vicAra kara vAmAM Avela che. tethI eziyAnA daDAnI A ane ATalI vanaspatio che te nizcitana kahI zakAya paraMtu eziyAmAM je je deza che temAM mukhya mukhya vanaspationAM nAma prAzcAtya eziyAnAM graMthAmA lakhela che, jenA AdhAre kaccha mAMDavIvALA gokuLadAsa khImajI bhAI mAMbhaDAI dvArA racita " vanaspati sRSTi " graMthamAM vistRta vicAra karavAmAM Avela che. chatAM paNa A lekha lakhavAmAM ghaNA madadarUpa thayela che. ane gujarAta vidyAsabhA dvArA prakAzita "saMskRta sAhityamAM vanaspati " nAmanuM pustaka paNa upayAgI thai paDela che. jo ke A graMthamAM vanaspationA ullekha saMga~hita rUpamAM che. mArI draSTie AyurvedamAM ane saMskRta sAhityamAM eziyAnI je vanaspati A yAgya lAgI che tenA ullekha A lekhamAM karavAmAM Avela che. You'll Fall In Love With hakeba EMBROIDERED FABRICS R Available with : EMBROIDERY MART 39, Champa Gali, BOMBAY-2. Manufactured by FANCY CORPORATION LIMITED 16. Apollo Street, Bombay 1,

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mula kita : 134 With Best Compliments From A Well Wisher PHONE : 374080 PUNK AJ INDUSTRIES 31, BOMBAY 7 IMBER MARKET LTD. KLAY ROAD, BOMBAY-10. (INDJA ) Jain Education Intemational

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336 sAraMgapuranAM vaividhya sabhara sarjano Tian eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 bhAratabharamAM sutarAu ane peAlIesTara kApaDamAM taragalIlAe khIlavanAra kriklakeATana, ripalaTeksa ane krimpAna je zilpasamI suMdara ane kalAtmaka taraMga racanAe che je peAtAnA mahAkAya reTarI skrIna prInTIMga mazIna vaDe vaNukalpi mugdhakara ane meAhita ra'gAnI saurabha pAthare che taduparAMta bhUlabhUlAmaNI bharyAM bhAtabhAtanA enA vaNATamAMthI bhUgarbhanI bhAvanAo bhabhUkI 3Da che. E dhI sAraMgapura kATana menyu. DuAM. lI. pe. e. na. 19 amadAvAda

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eziyAno loka lalakAre che art -zrI puSkara caMdaravAkara e....zi...yA....khe ..!! AryonI leka saMskRti jema cInanI saMskRti pILI nadInA kAMDAe, para janmI, vikasI, phAlI ane phUlI AryonI zabdanA uccAraNathI meM bharAI jAya che, ane sAthe saMskRti jema te saMskRti kRSikAronI saMskRti hatI, tenA sAthe pralaMba lalakArano AlApa prAraMbhe che. eziyAkhaMDanA pAyAmAM eka ja siddhAMta hatuM, paNa bhaugolika ane etinakazA para najara nAkhIe te tenI vizALa kAyAne AvarI hAsika bhinnatAne kAraNe tene naLAka saheja judo hatA, letAM najarane thAkanI huMpha caDe che ane tenA virATa kAyakhaMDamAM (2) chatAMya dharmane anubaMdha baMdhAI gaye, buddhakALamAM bhArabhinna bhinna sthaLe, alaga alaga samaye ane judI judI tIya saMskRtinA ghaDanAramAMnA eka bhagavAna buddha. temanA mAvajatathI ucharela ane vikasela leka saMskRtionI rekhAo bhikhuoe tibeTa ane cInamAM jaIne dharmopadeza karyo ane AkAra levA mAMDe che. yukrenisa tigrisa nadIonI vacce vika tenI chApa lekasaMskRtine lAgI. te meMgeliyAnA retALa sela uranagaranI saMskRti, siMdhu khINanI bhAratIya saMskRti, pradezamAMthI megale bhAratamAM AvyA, vira thayA, traNanA cInanI pILI nadInA cIbA nAkavALA pILacaTA raMganA mAna traNa varSa sudhI zAsana karyuM ane tenI asara bhAratIya vIonI pILI saMskRti ane dakSiNa eziyAnA nAnakaDA lekajIvana para Aje ya jovA maLe che. De. durgA bhAgavata dezanI mizra saMskRti ! sahajapaNe uccAre che ke bhAratIya saMskRtinI eka sudIrdha ... , eziyAkhaMDanA bhUbhAgo pa2 cAra cAra saMskR- praNAlikA che jemAM aneka prAcIna saMskRtione samAviSTa tio avatarI, vikasI ane Aje sthira thaI che. karI dIdhela che. itihAsanA tekhAze yutisa-tigrisa nadInI ane A be saMskRtionuM bhAratIya ane cInIstanya pAna saMskRtimAM IslAmane lIDa rope. sarapharasta ane karIne dakSiNa eziyAnA dezanI, jevA ke kaMboDiyA, barmA, zahAdatane nAda temAMthI gAjavA lAgyo. dharmayudhdha ane jehAda hA , thAIlenDa i cAinA ane vi dharatInA kaNekaNamAMthI lekane preraNA ApavA lAgyAM te nAde saMskRtio ucharI che. A dezanA lokajIvana para bhAratIya arabastAna, turkastAna, IrAna, IrAka, lebhAnena, saudI ane cInI leka saMskRtinI spaSTa asara jovA maLe che. arebiyA ane sIriyAnA dezo gAjavA lAgyA. Amate, bhAratanA mAthAnA sImADA sudhI te bUlaMda nAda gAjI rahyo. mAnava itihAsa judA judA tabakakAmAMthI pasAra thaye '..LAnA bhagavA jhaMDAnI chAMya pahoMcI tyAM sudhI tenI che. eziyAnA mAnava ItihAsa mATe paga te ja sthiti hatI. asara nIce te te leka AvyA ane islAma sAthe AryonI 1 sarakho : "It is difficult to understand mizra asara aphaghAnistAna jevA deza para paDI. Indian Folk-art without knowing the therio| siMdhu nadInI khINanI saMskRti para mIsarI saMskRtinI, morphic implications with which it is inextric ably woven. Theriomorphism Exists as a legaly alabata, chAMya che ja; chatAMya siMdhu nadInI khINanI saMskRti vateje tape che. tenuM potuM.kuM rUpa che, jemAMthI bhAratIya of ancient Iodia Strangely as in aneient Egypt, kaSibALanI kalapanA ziva, zaktinA advaitarUpa pAchaLa ghelI it was the Predominau: Religion in the IndasbanI ane te bhavya kalpanA nItaratI nItaratI che. lekacitta valiey too. we have regrettably discovered lagaNa, seMsaravI utarI gaI ne mATe leke gAyu. only linga and yoni out of the whe rigious Complex of the Indus-Valley but ignored its Izavara dhUve dhetiyAM, pAravatI pANInI hArya! therianthrofic repre Sentation which Explain siMdhu nadInI khINanI saMskRtinA pAyA mAtheja AjanI for a Kind of religion having 6reates hold bhAratIya loka saMskRtinuM maMDANa maMDAyuM che. e saMskRtinI leka u on the mind of the Indus people Sudha kaLAnA dhAvaNa dhAvaNane bhAratIya lekakaLAo vikasI che. nsuKumarRay, The Folk-Art of India. Prefa tory Nute, P. no. Vii (1) bhAratIya leka dharmo phAlyA phelyA che, temAMthI vrata jamyAM che, vratavidhio ane vatasAhityano mabalakha phAla 2, De. dUrmA bhAgavata, ane AuTalAIna opha InDiyana utaryo che. phekalera pR. 1 Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga-2 pASANayuga, lehayuga, tAmrayuga, kAsyayuga ityAdi yugamAMthI payagAma registAnanI zuSka dharatI para vahAvatA rahyA che. irAkanA mAnava saMskRtio pasAra thaI te tenI asara paNa AjanI premAtura yuvaka yuvatio saMvedanAne gIta dvArA vAcA Ape che, leka saMskRti para spaSTa paNe jovA maLe che. astro zastro para Urmi khacita saudaryathI. temanAM ghATa para, rejiMdI vaparAzanA kAraNe para haju ya te yuganI asara che. kharekhara te eziyAnA deza pAse A prAcIna - 4 irAkI yuvAna mRdu ane zyAmaLI nenAM vALI bhavya vArase che, teTale bhavya ane samRdhdha vAraso jagatanA ( priyatamAnA sAlatAM virahane vAcA ApatAM ApatAM gAya che. bIjA keI deza pAse nathI, ema kahetAM jarAya atizayokita mane hara priyatamA nathI thatI. abAne dhAraNa karanAra (3) madhyapUrva eziyAnA dezanI madhyakAlIna yuganI rUpakaDuM tAruM mukhAraviMda che! saMskRti mahammada payagambara nA khoLe ucharI tyAranuM leka jIvana ane premInI Arajhu che, aramAna che. hema, aMdhazraddhA, zaMkAo, asthiratA ane hiMsAthI khadabadatuM hatuM, tene islAmanA lIluDA nejA nIce zistabaddha maha camakadAra najAkatabharI tuM, mmada payagaMbare karyuM. temAM lokensa, lokasaMgIta ane leka hajAra svAgata veNu tuM ne! vAghone sthAna hatuM. mAnavane lalakAra aviratapaNe cAlu ja hate. IrAna ane arabastAnanA khAravAnI abAvANI lalakAra Apa biradAvIne aMtara vedanA ThAlave che. sUtela sAgaranA kAnanA paDadAne sparzI jate. nAkhUdA, pAledAra mRdu ane zyAmala nenAvALI tANAvANu nAkho vaNakara, sale karanAra dADiye ityAdi para mAruM dIla tArA kAja jalI rahyuM che! sevAnAM metI pADatAM pADatAM gAtAM, ghumarI laIne nAca sAthe mArUM dIla jalI rahyuM che.' zremagIta lalakAratAM tAla ane laya sAthe. irAkanA juvAnane karUNa AnAda kAnamAMthI mane nathI, zramanuM lokasaMgIta hatuM te kuTuMba jIvana paNa leka paNa lA tyAM bIjAM lekagItanAM veNu kAne paDe che. udAsI ane nirAza saMgItathI maDhayuM hatuM. bALakane janma thatuM ke tarata ja ja premI premikAnI kSamAyAcI visaravAne vinave che! che tenA kAnamAM addhAnane maMtra phUMkAte ane paDozamAMthI bAIo prasutAnA khaMDamAM bhegI thaI DaphanA para thApA detI janmanAM punaH detI jamAvavA de lokagItenI khuzAlI lalakAravA lAgatI cAkhIya semeTika mArA para rahema rAkha; prajAe vaidaka zAstranA jJAnanA lIdhe sunnata vidhi apanAvela ne puna : dostI jamAvavA de ! che. madhyapUrvanA IslAmI asara nIcenA dezomAM sunnatanI jA ane ammA ne ke ! vidhi vakhate lekagIte gavAtA ane lekanA mana AnaMda-vibhera ke ame izke masta chIe. banatA arthAta janmathI mAMDIne avvala maMjilanI ghaTanA te punaH dAstA jamAvavA de! * sudhI IslAmika dezoe lokagIte gAyA che. IjIptanA jIvananuM eTaluM ja mAnItuM sekagIta lebanonamAM khalIphA hAruna lokagItanA gavaiyAone darabAramAM nAta- gujarava kare che. rIne lokagIta lalakAravAnI pharamAye? ApatA, AvA gayAethI temane darabAra ubharAtA ane inta jAmI nAmanA rUparANIonI aya sAmrAjJI lekagAyaka pAse yamananI habasaNunA abu sadAkanA, nAkhUdA madhu binduthI ya madhura ane zramikanAM lokagIta gavaDAvyA hatA. Ama IslAmanA Ava, mArI gedamAM AvI jA ! dezomAM lokagAyakone rAjyAzraya maLyuM hovAnA dAkhalAo tAralAthI camakatA caDiyAtI, paNa che. rUparANI enI sAmrAjJI! mArI godamAM AvI jA! A lalakAranA laheravanAra pAse kaI ne kaI lakavAdya tArA rezamI dupaTTAne deha DhAMka paNa hatuM. temAM pheMkavAdyo, dhanavAdyo ane carmavAdyo hatAM. e, gulanI najAktabharI chAMyavALI; tubula ( Drum) nakArAta (keltledrums) raNazIMgu priye, Ava, mArI najadIka Ava! 3 (bukAta) maMjIrA (sAta) tUrI (ankAra ) jevAM vAdyo lekagAyaka lalakAra sAthe bajAvatAM A dharatInAM baLee viyogane praba sUra lalakAryo che. pachI te saudI arebiyAne lalakAra hoya ke sIriyAne. IslAmanAM dezomAMnA aneka dezoe praNayane lekagItane te takane javAna ekAkIpaNAnA dardane ane aMtaranA khUNAmAM viSaya banAvyo che. te dezamAM layalA majanUnuM joDakuM tene saMgharela glAninA duHkhane sAcA Apate pApane pAya che. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti graMtha saMdarbha dekha, AthamaNA Are sUrajadeva DUbakI de che, rASTrane sApha karavAmAM lekagItanA racanArane kevA mAnavI ane kudarata zAMtimAM virAme che! prakArane A lalakAra che! te ja lazkaramAM nArIonI svecchA zAMta rAtrImAM paMkhInuM gIta gAjI UThe che, e bhAratI thAya ne ! navodita rASTro ne preraNA ApatAM lekamAruM dIla khinnatA, glAni ane ArajhathI ubharAya gIte AvAM ja joI e. che.3 ne tarata ja AzAnA dore dala jhUlavA lAge che. A lalakAranA paDaghA kAnamAM bajyA ja kare che tyAM nAyikA gAya che. najara Thera che siMdhunI khI nI saMskRti para, te saMskRti varSAnA prabhAte laTAra mAravA nIkaLyo, paMjAba, mAravADa, gujarAta ane aphagAnistAna lagaNa vista tyAM te mArI priyatamAne najare nihALI; relI hatI. tenuM pAraNuM jarUra aphaghAnistAna hatuM DuMgaradU.....adda....rathI AvatI kaLANI! mALamAM vasatAM bALe para sAthe sAthe lIlUDA (6 jAnI olyA keDA mAthe, rUpALA romAla sAthe, paNa chAMya paDI. ane Ama aphaghAnistAnanA lekajIvana para kamaLa khevanA rAkhI sApha karatAM, jeTalo IslAmanI asara che, teTalI ja bhAratIya saMskRtinI khAtrI thaI ke te tene ja che! asara che. ketakathI meM tenA kAja najara ghumAvI, | siMdhukhINanI saMskRtinI nigehabAnI nIce phAlela te mArI najadIka Ave, ne phUlela saMskRti AvarIne paDI che temAM laMkA, bhArata, aphavacanabaddha thayoH "have nahIM bhaTake ! ghAnistAna, nepALa ane pAkistAna che. sAMskRtionI sAMThya ne kAyama kAja tAre thaI rahIza!...3 asara thavAnA badale aphaghAnistAna temAMthI lAvyuM che. pahADI A IslAmanA nejA nIcenI dharatI vacce yuropanI mulaka hovAnA kAraNe khaDatala chaMdagI che. bhArata para je je prAcIna dharmanI sAcavaNI karate yahudIonA IjharAyelano paradezI AkramaNa thayA tene mArga paNa aphaghAnistAnane nAnakaDo TApu dharatI vacce che. nAnakaDI dharatIne kaTake te cIrIne Avate bhAratamAM, AthI aphaghAnanA mAtheya mahA mAnavIone hamaNAM ja maLe, alagapaNe jIvavA teoe saMkaTa taLAtA rahetA. pariNAme prajAmAM navuM zahara jalamyuM temanuM tyAM sAmrAjya khaDuM karavA mAMDyuM che, che. navanavA tAkAtavaMta lokanAyake temAMthI pedA thayA ane temanA parAkane nahIM visaravA mATe ke temanAM kathA gIte temane navatara racanA karavI che tethI teoe te mAnavI Ballads-rahyAM ane tene teo niraMtara gAyA kare che, e ane lokoe bhaya hIna ane jo vaMta rASTra ne ghaDavA amUla prAcIna vAraso lekhIne AmAM teoe lokanAyaka mATeno AlApa Adaryo che; pratyenA Adarane biradAvyuM che, anyAyanI sAme mAthuM uMcakaaya javAne, ITa lAve, nAra tatvanI bhUtaka The prasaMzA karIne lalakAra kADhe che. tadubhaTakavA AthaDavAne A kALa nahIM; parAMta anuSThAna gIta, utsavagIte nRtyagIto, stavane ane utALiyA ghaDavaiyA, bAMdhe maraziyAethI aphaghAnanuM lokasAhitya samRddha che. aphaghAnanI DaravAnI ke DaravAnI jarUra nathI, jIbha para prema gIta kAyama TapakatuM hoya che. mizrAmAM tene tAkAtavaMtI bhato bAMdhe; lalakAra akhaMDita paNe vahetuM ja hoya. taduparAMta bALa joDazramike Ave, navuM jIvana ghaDe ! kaNuM, laghukathAo, ane rUpaka kathAothI pahADIo kAyama navA rASTra ne ghaDavAnA mATe lokagIta dvArA AhavAhana gUjatI rahe che. ApIne yuvAnane lokakavie kevA sAbadA karyA che? lalakAra aphaghAnistAnamAM lekagAyaka (Dum) paNa zAyaranA deTa de che; be ja amApa che, eTale ja AdarapAtra ane prItipAtra che. aphaghAnanI lekanavInatara pAyo nAkhave che paraMparAo ane mULa dhanane-lekasAhitya te rakhavALa manAya paNa vaLatara maLI gayuM che; che, ane teNe ja A sAhityane vArasAgata banAvyuM che. prajAnI tAkAta baDhAvIne ! aphaghAna juvAne pahADIo caDatAM caDatAM premagIta majabUta IMTo lAvo, lAvo ! lalakAratAM mastImAM hoya che. nirAzavadanA kumArikAnI viSAdanagara ane nagarIo vadhI rahI che. ghaDavaiyAo gAva, joradAra gIta gAva, pUrNa ane du:khajanaka Aha tyAre saMbhaLAya che kema ke premIe tene tyAga karyo che mATe lalakAre che. sukhI hayAo ubharAI rahyAM che ! 3 3. Charles Haywood, Folksongs of the mAruM lAla lAla gulAba kayAM gayuM? world P. no 202, 205, 206, 208, 209, 203 mAruM rUpALuM bula bula kayAM saMtAyuM ? Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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3 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 mArA paDakhethI te beu gUma thayAM evI ja mUkti bhArate pA dAyakA pahelAM joI paNa bahAdura bAja paNa pAMkho phaphaDAvI gayuM te dharatInI saMskRti araNyanI saMskRti che. sAmaMta zAhInI ane pAMjaruM khAlI khaTa banyuM !* che te dharatInA raNIdhaNI thavAnA aramAne kaMI kaMI narapuMga e sevyA. teo saue bhUmi parathI vidAya lIdhI ane Ama gAtAM gAtAM mAtra nirAzAneja lalakAra saMbhaLAya che....lo loka rahI gayo. te uttaramAM gAya che, pUrabamAM gAya, che ane chelle chelle kahe che; nisAso nAkhIne kacema karIne che, dakhaNamAM gAya che to AthamaNI daza nitya gRjyA kare ha tene bhUlIza? che. teone DamaruM, Dapha, Dhola, nagAruM, pakhavAja, dokaDa jevAM vAdyo sAMpaDI gayA che. A leka gItanA gAnAra leka gAyaka leka vAdyo mAMthI traNa tAranuM phIDala, rAba, denAra rAvaNa haththAne maLatuM rITacAka (8) sAMbhaLo tyAre dakhaNanA vAyarAmAM AvatAM teNa" nAmanuM taMtuvAdya upayogamAM le che. ebe-Obse ne paNa maNe nalbi elo paramika elasI, Achero vaparAza che. taduparAta carmavAdya mAMthI moTo Dhela paNa bharata oi elele ki Ika elA; ane nAne Dhela paNa gAve che. maMjIrA jevAM dhanavAnI kilau nAmbi ela I Ikaka elasA teo ramajhaTa bolAve che. ItI nAmbi elele pUrvikaka elasA laMkAnI tAsIra judI che. dakSiNa bhAratamAMthI laMkAmAM arthAt vAraMvAra sthaLAMtara thayA karyuM che. te dI dakSiNa bhAratanI leka mATI mAthe vRkSa khaDuM rahe che saMskRtinI jhAjherI asara laMkAnA leka jIvana para che, chatAM ya vRkSa mAthe DALIo khaDI rahe che, pazcimI prajAomAMthI aMgreja, Daca ane porTugalanI saMska DALIo mAthe pAMda. khaDAM rahe che, tinI jhAMkhI chAMya tyAM jovA maLe che. laMkAmAM veDa nAmanI pAMdaDAM mAthe phUla khaDAM rahe che ! lekajati hatI. tenuM pageruM have levuM muzkela che. kemake teo laMkAmAMthI bhUMsAI gayA che. tethI temanI lakasaMskRti maLavAnI tAmila bhASAmAM gIta AgaLa vadhe che. saMbhAvanA kharI ke ! pUrva nAmbi elele pijika, elasA bhaugolika najare jotAM laMkA TApu che. tenI diza pijai nAmbi elele kAyika elA pANI che. AthI laMkAno paradezo sAthe vyavahAra vahANa kArya nAmbi elele palami rakaka elasa ane naukAthI thAya che. laMkAvAsIonA jIvanamAM naukAone yalaa - oi elele nI Ika elasA mahatva che, AthI tenAM lekagItethI te leka ubharAte hoya. unne nAmbi elele nAna Isukaka elasA ! arthajIvana para najara nAkhIe te laMkA khetIpradhAna deza che. arthAta. cokhAnI khetI tyAMnI mukhya khetI che. AthI ropaNI, laNaNI jevAM zramanAM lekagIte paNa tyAMnA lekanA heTha para jarUra phUla para bIja virAje che. ramatAM hoya. laMkAnA eka cheDAthI bIjA cheDA sudhI mAlane bIjamAM kAcuM phaLa virAje che; pahoMcADanAra gADAkheDUne teoe temanAM lokagItamAM biradAvyA kAcA phaLamAM pAkuM phaLa virAje che. che. pazupaMkhInAM paNa lokagIte temanA hoTha para rame che. phaLamAM huM virAvuM chuM ane tArAmAM huM ! pa dharmanAM gIte temaja viraha gItathI laMkAnuM lokasAhitya bhAratanA zirSasthAne virAjatAM pIstAna ane nepALanAM samRddha che. prakRtinI kRpA maLI che. tevA laMkAkhaMDanA loka- lokagItamAM praNayabhAva vizeSa gavAyo chepAkistAnanI suMdarI DAyake prakRtine gAvAmAM paNa pAchI pAnI karI nathI. tema khAvaMdane cAkarIe jatAM vAre che te khA vaMdane samajAvatAM karatAM laMkAnI bhUmi, AkAzamAM taratuM prakAzamAna teja vizvane kahe che ke hImaThAMsI TADhamAM tame cAkarIe zI jAya che! bharI detuM anAhata saMgIta ane AmAMthI sarajAte AnaMda. A sau lokoThe rame che. madhyakAlIna sAmaMta zAhI yugamAM dareka navoDhAnI A karuNatA sarvatra gavAI lAge che. nepALe dArUDiyA patinA A saune gAIne gAya che; "ame mUkti mANIe duHkhane pariNItA pAse gavarAvyuM che, ghareNAM upADI jaIne dArU chIe, jenA kAja amArA vIraputro satata jhujhayA !' vAha, DhIM, duHkha jaIne kene kahayuM ? naveDhA piyaraghara prayANa vAha ! A te mUktigAna ja kahevAya ! karavAnuM vicAre che. 4. Charles Haywood, Folksoings of the 5. De.. zrIdharana lekarAditya (varSa-4 a worlc P. No. 213 Jain Education Intenational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 341 Ama loka jIvananAM vidha vidha pAsAMo A lokagItamAM lAkaDAM kheMcate juvAna, laNaNI karato dADiye, ghAsa kApanAra daSTi gocara thAya che. mAnava ane khetamajUra; A sau gAya che, temanAM mananI ula TathI lekagIte. AnA para stotro, prAthanAo ItyAdInA - hindI cIna, barmA, lAoha, kaDiyA ane vieTanAma saMgItavI asara paDI che. temAM samUhagAna paNa jovA jevAM deza para paNa bhAratIya saMskRrti nI chAMya jhaLuMbI che. maLe che. barmA hiMdIcIna ane kamboDiyA para savizeSa che. viyeTanAma para cInanI pILI saMskRtinI asara vizeSa che. barmAnA leka- tibeTanA sImADe virAja ane raNanI retane uchAjIvana para paNa bhAratIya ? 9) lekajIvanane ThIka ThIka prabhAva Lata meMgeliyAno mAnavI paNuM gIta gAya che. te keriyAnA che. ane chevaTe mAMnava hadaya to badhe ja sarakhuM che ne ? zramajIvIo gAtAM gAtAM thAkatA nathI. vaNakara (10) tANu madhyakAlIna samAja racanA paNa jagatabharamAM eka sarakhI hatI, vANA nAkhatA nAkhatA sUryodayathI mAMDI sUryAsta sudhI gAyA AthI strIhadayanA mana mathano ane valopAta temanAM lokagItamAM kare che. nAnakaDAM vAkamAM zabdone geDavI - e temanA jaDe che. nAyikA patine " deva" thI saMbodhe che ane budha AzAvAdi bhAvine gAyA vagara rahI zakatAM nathI teo gAya che : sAhitya ane saMskRtie ghaDAvela AjanA lekajIvanamAM tenI prabalatara asara jovA maLe che. leka bhASAnA gaurava para paNa kUtarAM bhase che. kUtarAo bhase che! pAlIne jANe asara na hoya, te bhAva ghaDIbhara tenI elyA gAmaDAMnI bhAgoLe, hA, bhase che? bhASA parathI manamAM lAge che. kabaDiyA ane lAosanAM lekagIte praNayabhAve ubharAtAM jaDe che jyAre yudhe masta Ama lokagAyaka tarata ja kahe che ke kukaDo bole che. viyeTanAme bALane lATe jhulAvavAM hAlaraDAM gAyAM che, temAM ya ane tene AzAmaya prabhAta najare paDe che ke tarata gAya che dharatIno raNake saMbhaLAya che mAtA bALane pAraNe jhulAvatAM ke sUrajadAdA AvI rahyA che. kayAM? elyA gAnane mAthe, are, hA, sUryodaya thAya che. gAya che. leka gAyaka paNa pratIkane pUjArI hoya che, A mA raDa, mArA lAkaDa, mA raDa nuM ! nIMda mArA putara tuM nIMdara ! lokagItamAM kevA pratIke mUkyA che? kUtarAMo keNu? sUryodaya zAMti maDhayAM sapanAo seva bhayane haTAva ! eTale zu ? A pratika samajavAmAM jarA ya adharA nathI, temane te zAMti maDhayA sapanAMo che ane keTa cItanI saMskRti ghaNI prAcIna che. ane sAtho sAtha keTalA varSothI ghamasANa khelI rahyA che ? ke keTalA svapane bhavya "pa che. tene bhautika suSTinI saMvAditA sAthe svargIya yudhdha jagAvyA haze ! gaNita te mAnI Arata yuddhanA rasuniI saM sAdhavA maLe che. tema chatAM ya leka jIvana bhayane haTAvavAnI ja hoya ne ? akhaMDa AyuSya Ama ja pAchuM anekhuM rUpa dhAraNa karIne beThuM che. jaLadevInI lokamAtAnI mA mAge ne! saMskRtinA dhAvaNa dhAvIne ucharela leka te rAta di para pADatA hoya, haLa kheDatA hoya khaDanA bhaTA ucakatA hoya, ane have najara pachI narTanI saMskRtionAM deza bhaNI nAkhUdA vahANane sAgara nA mAthe tabaDAvatA hoya, khANiyA vaLAMka le che, ane temAMya himAlayanI taLeTImAM paDela tibeTa khANanA peTALa dI dhAtuone kAco mAla khodI lAvatA para sau pahelAM najare paDe che. hima maDhayA parvatanA zikhara hoya, sainike dezanA sImADAnuM rakhavALuM karatA hoya. sAmAnya para vasatAM kAkabaLo para haju bIjI kaI saMskRtinAM jhAjho mAnava putra janmane ujavatA hoya, lagna gItonI ramajhaTa mANatA vA vAyA nathI. tibeTano govALa hajuya siTIne maLatAM hoya ane priyajananA mRtyu vakhate svajano lAMbA sAde rAjiyA pAvA vaDe sUra kAThI dhAne vaLate sAMbhaLI ne jovA maLaze lalakA tA hoya, baudhdha bhikhuo stavane ane prArthanAo temanA dharma guruo sAthaLanAM hADakAmAMthI banAvela tUrI ne lalakAratA hoya , cIna ItihAsanAM pAtronA saMsmaraNo te gajavatA hajaya gAmaDe bhame che. e kathA gItamAM Bllads malyAM hoya, tene teo vAraMvAra vAgoLe ane mA hAthamAM pAraNanI dorIo laIne hAlaraDAM - ahIMnA lakasUronA mULa himAlayanI pelI pAranA - gAtI jovA maLe. bolo ne, loka jIvanamAM kayAM jhAjho phera pradezamAM hovAnuM kahevAya che. arthAta bhAratIya loka sAgIte paDe che? A sUrane piAvyuM che. kahevAya che ke AThamI sadIchI mAMDIne teramI sadI sudhI islAma ane Arya saMskRtie A dharatI cInane lekae bhagavAna buddhanA stavane gAyAM che te bALAnI saMskRLine dhAvaNa dhavaDAvyuM pariNAme A badhAya keI chabIlAe paganI moTI pAnIvALI nAyikA pratye udAsaMskAranA kaNo tibeTanI leka saMskRtimAM camakatA jovA maLe sInatA paNa sevI che. cokhAnA dharu cipatAM cepatAM haLavAM che. lekasaMgIta Thera Thera gUMjatuM sAbhaLavA maLe che. zramika, gIte paNa cInAe gAI nAkhyAM Jain Education Intenational

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942 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 pheMga yAMgane DhAla, pheMga yAMganI jhAlara, helane jhAlara bajAvatAM bhajAvatAM gItaDAM gAzuM !* zrotAone gAyakavRMda prazna pUche che ke ame zuM gAIe? amane te pheMga yAMganuM ja gItaDuM gAtAM AvaDe che, ke tarata ja nAyikA haiyALI gAya che. sakaLa nArIvRdamAM tuM mare kharI bheTI, lAMbI....lAM...bI....paganI penIvALI ! kevI haLavAzathI A gIta gavAtuM haze? Ama ezithAnA mAnave nama ane marma karuNa ane zAMta viraha ane saMyoga, maraNa ane paraNu, Iza ane mAyA, A saune saMbhArI saMbhArIne gAyA che. kyAMka teNe pralaMba sUrane lalakAryo che, to kyAMka teNe sUrane TUMkAvI nAkhyA che kayAMka pAMca Rtio pasaMda karI che to kyAMka traNa zretio bhAva ane saMvedanAnA mATe te te sAdhana che. devaTe te lekane gAvuM hatuM ane gAvuM che, mokaLA kaMThe AthI kaMDane phAvyuM tevuM teNe sAdhana gotyuM ne te sAdhane ja gItanA dehanuM Structure ghaDatara mAruM takadIra duHkha bharyuM che. mAro paraNya....nakAma baMne bahero A di DholakuM DhamaDhamAvye rAkhe che.... tyAre nAyaka uttara de che, ke huM kayAM khATI gaye chuM? 1 eziyAkhaMDanA lekanI sAthe bramaNa karatAM have satya lAdhe che ke leka yugethI gAto Avyo che A yuge sudhI gAze. 6. Charles Haywood, Folk songs of the world P. no. 235, 232, 233 mAruM takadIra keTaluM plAnimaya che? AvI kadarUpI bApaDI joDe jIMdagI levI ? prabhudIvAnI eka navayauvanA. patinA viraha sukAIne kAMTe thaI gayelI, eTalAmAM khabara AvI che ke pati Ave che! paNa re niSphara sAsu-sasarA! navayauvanAne gharanA ekAMtamAM mUkI pote ekalAM ekalAM dIkarA sAmaiye cAlyA gayAM ! premadIvAnI yauvanAnuM aMtara talasI rahyuM che. Akhare e dIvAla ThekI patine maLavA doDI. A vakhate bAdazAha akabara zikArethI pAchA pharato hato. saMdhyATANuM thaI javAthI magaribanI namAja paDhavA gAlIco pAtharIne e beThe hate. premadIvAnI bAI deDatI e gAlIcA parathI pasAra thaI gaI enA paganI dhULathI gAlIce raje bharAye. bAdazAha kaheH "jAo. ene abI ne abI hAjara karo." navayauvanAne tyAM hAjara karavAmAM AvI. bAdazAhe pUchyuM : "A beadabI karanAra tu hatI ?" strI kahe: "mane khabara nathI, jahAMpanAha! huM mArA patinI suratamAM magna hatI. kadAca hu ja houM, paNa hajura, Apa e vakhate zuM karatA hatA? " namAjha paDhate hato.' kenI namAjha? alAhanI ? chatAM Ape mane joI? Ape raTAyele gAlIce je? re eka mATInA mAnavImAM huM mastAnI banI, ne duniyAnA bAdazAne bhUlI gaI te Apa namAjha mAM hatA, ne mArA jevI nAcIja auratanI hastI vIsarI zakyA nahi? hajUra ! dIvAnA thayA vagara kaI deva aMtaramAM AvatA nathI!" akabara bAdazAha cUpa thaI gayo. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saddabha` pratha zubhecchA pAThave che zrI manAja TeksTAIlsa zrI parazotama ANaMdajInI kuAM. 83 cIkhalagI mUjI jeThA mArakeTa muMbaI-ra krompaTana 2. naM. 4148 thrI pheijha meTara sIMgala pheijha meTara pampa seTa DemesTIka pampa Tebala-sI...lIMga phena svIca lempa Tayuba bhAvanagara mazInarI saplAI kuAM. zarApha bajAra bhAvanagara-1 43

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 TELEPHONE : 318166 Hiralal Varajlal SPECIALIST IN SHIRTING OF ALL LEADING MILLS. 123/124, MANGALDAS MARKET, I ST LANE, BOMBAY-2. (400 002) With Best Compliments From MISTRI R. R. BROTHERS LATEST DESIGN FURNITURE MAKERS Diwanpara Road, BHAVNAGAR. (Gujarat ) Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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arvAcIna eziyAnA samRddha graMthAlayo - zrI ke. je. majamudAra jagatamAM cheka prAcIna kALathI sAMskRtika rIte eziyA AvIna eziyAnA keTalAka jANItAM ane samRddha khaMDa mokhare rahyo che. yukiTIsa ane TAI grIsa nadIonI graMthAlaye ApaNe rASTravAra jaIe. sau prathama ApaNe ApaNA saMskRti jemAM e siriyA, bekhilenIA ane sumerIA jevA dezanAM keTalAka agragaNya graMthAlayane paricaya karIe. deza hatA. siMdhunadInI saMskRti jemAM hAlanAM paMjAbane vistAra hatuM ane che ke pUrvamAM cIna sudhI A prAcIna bhArata-bhAratamAM AjanA tabakake 1100 thI vadhu saMskRti vikaselI hatI. kulAI khAnane vaibhava ane saMskRti graMthAlayo che. jemAMnA ardhA vidyApITha sAthe saMkaLA elA vArasAnI vAtethI AkarSAI ne mAke pile ane tenA kAkA eka che. bhAratanuM rASTriya ThaMthAlaya kalakattA zaheramAM che. jyAre yurepathI cIna pahoMcyA hatA. Araba vepArI vaNajhAro dvArA nezanala AIva opha inDiyA dilhI mAM che. 250 thI vadhu pUrvanI A amUlya saMskRti vArasAnI pherama cheka pazvimanA jAhera graMthAlaya che. ane 110 thI vadhu kendriya sarakArI dUra deze sudhI pahoMcelI. cInanAM kAgaLa ane rezama udyoganI khAtAo sAthe saMkalita che. keTalAka noMdha pAtra graMthAlaye ane bhAratanA gaNita ane jyotiSa zAstranI rasa pracura mAhitI nIce mujaba che. (1) AcArya narendra deva pustakAlaya :-lakhanau ane vaidaka saMzodhanathI pazcimanI prajA prabhAvita thayelI. zaheramAM Avela A graMthAlaya I. sa. 1959 mAM sthapAyeluM AjanA yugamAM paNa A saMskRti jayeta che ka lebene nathI temAM 51000 graMtha che ane samAjazAstranA graMthanI pUrvamAM jApAna sudhI jale che. bahumati che. che ke prAgaitihAsika yugathI pitAnA anubhave ane ga (2) ADayAra lAyabrerI enDa rIsarca senTara :- I. sa. yAda dArone manuSya eka yA bIjI rIte sAcavata rahyo che. 1856 mAM sthAela A graMthAlaya madrAsamAM ADayAra khAte pitAnA pachInI peDhIne pote anubhavelA samayanuM bhAna karAvavA Avela che ahiM iMDolejInAM saMzodhana mATe uttama sagavaDa pite karelA parAkrama ne khyAla ApavA tenA anubhavanA che temAM 17000 harataprato ane 10,000 graMtho che. niroDane pAchaLa AvatI prajAne kaMIka mAga maLe te mATe (3 senTrala lAyabrerI vaDedarA : keLavaNI ane teNe itihAsa rUpe te vakhatanI pitAnI rIte tene sAcavI zikSaNamAM khuba rasa dharAvanAra vaDedarAnA mahAna rAjavI zrImaMta rAkhelA citra bhASA, kilAkSarI lIpimAM mAtra cirUpe AvI sayAjIrAva gAyakavADe I. sa. 1910 mAM A lAyabrerInI bAta lakhAtI. lakhavAnAM sAdhanomAM guphAnAM paththaro mATInI sthApanA karelI Aje A lAyabrerI gujarAta sarakArane hastaka TIkaDIo vagereno upayoga thatuM. Ama saMskRtine vAra che. temAM 1,pa6933 pustaka che. mahilA bALa vibhAga ane lepabadhdha thavA mAMDe. Aje ApaNI pAse A saMskRti ane moTA vAMcanAlaya sAthe saMkalita che. kahe che ke pharatA sAcavavAnA aneka rastA che. jevA ke pustako, phi. pheTogrAphasa pustakAlayenI eka hAramALA paNa atre hatI. phene grApharekeDIjha TeparekarDasa, mAIkrophiksa, mAIkrophIza, vIDI oTepa, mAikro kArDa vagere Ama vividharUpe manuSya prApta (4) gujarAta vidyApITha graMthAlaya - 1920 mAM karela khAna tenAM saMzodhane tenA anubhavane niDa sacavAtAM sthApAyela A graMthAlaya traNa prakAre sevA Ape che. vidyApITha AvyAM che. graMthAlaya tarIke, jAhera graMthAlaya tarIke temaja rAjyanA madhyavatI graMthAlaya tarIke AmAM hAla 1,60381 ane tethI vadhu saMskRtithI A mahAmUlI saMpatti saMgrahavAnuM ane tene graMtha che. manuSyanI saMmukha vAraMvAra mUkavAnuM kArya graMthAlaye prAcIna kALathI karatAM AvyA che. prAcIna kALamAM samRdha graMthAlayo (5) IDiyana kAunsila opha varlDa aphersa lAyabrerI hatA. nAlaMdA, takSazIlA, ane vallabhInA jANItA graMthAlaye dilhImAM samu hAusa khAte AveluM A graMthAlaya viziSTa prakAranuM bhAratamAM hatA. te e siriyAmAM asura-banIpAla nAmano che. I. sa. 1950 mAM tenI sthApanA thayelI temAM samAja rAjavI graMthAlayeno zokha dharAvatuM hatuM. tenAM samayamAM zAstronAM saMzodhana graMtha che. temAMya AMtara rASTriya sabaMdho, samRdhdha graMthAlaya hatuM jemAM mATI nI TIkaDIonAM svarUpe kAyadA, arthazAstra aMgenA puSkaLa graMtha che. 1,25000 thI pustako hatA. cInamAM paNa graMthAlaye hatA vadhu graMtha, mAIke phi9ma ane vatanI cheka mAga "anubhavenA lA citra ja Jain Education Intemational ucation Intermational For Private & Personal use only

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346 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 | ( ) iDiyana nezanala sAyaMTI phIka kayuM meTesana senTara (12) dilhI pablika lAyabrerI : rAjadhAnI dilhImAM (Isaka) graMthAlayane upayukta evuM A kendra 195ra mAM esa. pI. mukharajI mArga para Avela A graMthAlaya 1951mAM sthapAela che. A kendranAM graMthAlayamAM rASTranA tamAma vaijJAnike yuneskonA sahakArathI sthapAela. pablika lAyabrerInAM namUnAane TekanolojIkala ahevAlo saMgrahavAmAM Ave che. temaja rUpa A graMthAlaya e rIte viziSTa che. temAM bALa graMthAlaya, vijJAnane lagatA sAmayiko ekaThA karavAmAM Ave che. Ave ane pukhtavayanA loko mATe alaga leDIMga vyavasthA che. A che. A kendramAM graMthAlayamAM 26700 thI vadhu graMtha ane graMthAlaya bIjI vistaraNa sevAo Ape che. tene mATe bA1pa00thI vadhu sAmayike che. A kendramAMthI vaijJAnika ane IlavAna paNa che. Ama pharatA pustakAlayanI paNa zAkhA che. ijanerA ne temane joItI agatyanI mAhitI pUrI pADavAmAM A graMthAlaya davArA be ispitAla graMthAlayane ane eka ve che. pustakonI yAdI ( billi e grAphI ( pheTo kepI prIjhana graMthAlayane graMthe pUrA pADavAmAM Ave che. aMdhajane ikokilma vagere taiyAra karI graMthAlaya temaja saMzodhana mATe breIla vibhAga che. A saMthAlayane cAra zAkhA, 8 upakaranArAone pAThavavAmAM Ave che. taduparAMta lekhe ja anya zAo che. A graMthAlayamAM 4,32836 graMtha che, hiMdI, pAmAM hoya tenuM bhASAMtara karI te mokalavAmAM Ave aMgrejI, uThThI, paMjAbI, sIdhI, vagere bhASAomAM graMtha che. ke ninika kArya agenI tamAma mAhitI A kendra pUrI pADe 30,000 vAMcako sevA Ape che. che. A sAthe eka rASTriya vaijJAnika graMthAlaya che. je vaijJAnika - A uparAMta bIjA asaMkhya neMdha pAtra graMthAlayo che. sAmayikamAM AvatA lekhanuM keTaloga pragaTa kare che. jemAM yunivarsiTI graMthAlaya, saMzodhana saMsthAonAM graMthAlaye, (7) jamazedajI, nasara vAnajI peTITa graMthAlaya:- audyogIka saMsthAonA graMthAlaye, sarakArI zAkhAthI saMkalita baimAM I. sa. 1856 mAM sthapAela A graMthAlayamAM graMthAlaya. briTIza kAunsIla ane yunAITeDa sTeTasa Inaka87000 graMtha che. A graMthAlaya jUnAmAM jUnuM che. mezana graMthAlaye che, (8) khudAbakSa erI ela pablika lAyabrerI; bihAra bhArata pachI ApaNe bhAratanAM paDozI rAjyanAM khAte paTaNAmAM Avela A graMthAlaya 8700 jeTalI hastaprate graMthAlayano paricaya karIe jemAM mukhyatve pAkistAna, ane 43676 graMtha che. je saMzodhana mATe ati upagI che. baMgalAdeza, zrIlaMkA, nepALa, sikakIma ane bhUtAnane samAveza thAya che. (9) rASTriya graMthAlaya:-- kalakattAmAM be Diara khAte pAkistAna;Avela A graMthAlaya ApaNuM rASTriya graMthAlaya che. I. sa. 1902 mAM tenI sthAyanA karavAmAM Avela che. kalakattAnAM ApaNuM A paDezI rAjyamAM aneka vizALa graMthAlaya jAhera graMthAlayanuM ImpIraala lAyabrerI thayela. vilInI karaNa che. rASTriya graMthAlaya IsalAmAbAda mAM che. A graMthAlayamAM pachI A graMthAlayane udabhava thayela. bhAratamAM prakAzana pAmela pAkistAnamAM prakAzIta thatAM tamAma graMthe saMgrahavAmAM Ave sava prakAzana ane saMgrahavAmAM Ave che. saMzodhana mATe temAM che A uparAMta aMjumane tArIka-e-uda pAkistAna lAyabrerI amUlya graMtha saMpatti che. lagabhaga 1307777 graMtha papa644 karAcAmAM che. A lAyabrerI be vibhAgamAM che. eka kata nakazA ane 2882 hastaprate che. bhAratamAM koI paNa sthaLe khAMnA-I-Apa je I. sa. 1948 mAM sthapAela che. temAM vasatA leko teno upayoga karI zake che. vAMcake mATe rahevAnI 20,000 paMthe che. bIjuM kutubakhAnA-I-khAsa je viziSTa ane vAMcavAnI temaja saMzodhana mATenI AgavI sagavaDa che. graMthAlaya che. AmAM 30,000 graMtha ane urdU, arabI, A graMthAlaya dara varSe eka rASTriya graMtha sUci pragaTa kare che phArasI, zrejI ca, ane leTIna temaja prAka bhASAmAM je anya graMthAlaya mATe eka upagI graMtha che. hasta prate che. bIjI tarapha senTrala sekreTarI eTa lAyabrerI rAjya kakSAnI lAyabrerI che. 1951 mAM sthapAela graMthAlaya (10) zeTha. mANekalAla jeThAlAla graMthAlaya : gujarAta sarakArI graMtha che. I. sa. 1952 mAM sthapAela li Akta rAjyanAM amadAvAda zaheramAM 1933mAM A graMthAlaya sthapA- hola graMthAlayamAM 23000 jeTalA umeda graMtha che. bhAratamAM e Aje ahi, 9, 3928 graMthe che, ane yuneskonI jema Insdoc che. tema vaijJAnika mAhitInA prasAraNanuM kendra madadathI cAlato bALavibhAga bALa graMthAlaya che. Pansdoc atre jANItuM che. AsivAya karAMcI yunivarsiTInuM (11) kennemAra sTeTa senTrala pablIka lAyabrerI : graMthAlaya. lAhora jAhera graMthAlaya uparAMta bIjA 35 moTA graMthAlaya che. era madrAsamAM 1896mAM sthapAe A graMthAlayane 1954 mAM rAjyanI DIpojhITarI lAyabrerI banAvI devAmAM AvI che. baMgalAdeza;tamAma bhAratIya prakAzane temAM saMgrahavAmAM Ave che. Aje hamaNAM hamaNAM ja astitvamAM Avela A navA rASTranAM tenAM 2,14550 graMtha che. nedha pAtra graMthAlayomAM yunivarsiTI opha ThAkAnuM graMthAlaya Jain Education Interational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 347 vaya saMzodhana mATe zu zake che Tibetology sAya. tibeTana bhASAmAM baudhdha jANItuM che. temAM 2.55000 jeTalA graMtha che. ane 20,000 pAtaLo paricaya karIe lagabhaga 9 lAkha ane tethI vadhu vastI jeTalI hasta prate che. atre ApaNe citoMganA jAhera dharAvatA nepALa rAjyamAM dasa jeTalA graMthAlayo che. jemAM bIra graMthAlAya ne ullekha karavo ja rahyo 1963 mAM sthapAela graMthAlaya noMdhapAtra che. A graMthAvapamAM 15000 jeTalI A graMthAlayamAM suMdara vAcana sAmagrI che. gaNA vAcake tene hastaprata che. bIju 1952 sthapAela nepALa bhArata sAMskRtika upaga kare che. DhAkAmAM A uparAMta eka senTrala lAyabrerI graMthAlaya che. temAM 13000 jeTalA graMtha che. bhUtAna rAjyamAMthI che. jemAM rASTramAM prakAzita graMtha saMgrahavAmAM Ave che. chelle bahu mAhitI upalabdha nathI. paNa temAM eka rAjyanuM graMthapAla che. yunivarsiTI opha rAjA zAhI nA graMthAlayane ullekha kare bAkInA baudhdha maThanA graMthAlaya che. hastapratanuM pramANa karavo paDaze. A graMthAlaya saMzodhana mATe dara sagavaDa Ape vipula che. sikikamamAM nAma gyAla InsTITayuTa opha tIbeTeleja. che. eka lAkhathI vadhu pustaka che ane 800 jeTalA sAmayiko che Tibetology sAthe saMkaLAela eka graMthAlaya che je noMdha pAtra che. AmAM saMskRtane tibeTana bhASAmAM baudhdha sAhitya brahmadeza : che ane keTalAka xylographs che. bhAratanI pUrvamAM Avela A rASTra eka vakhata bhArata sAthe saMkaLAela hatuM. A dezamAM eka rASTriya graMthAlaya che. bhArata ane tenI najIkanA dezonA-graMthAlayanA paricaya jenI sthApanA I. sa. 19paramAM thayela A graMthAlayamAM ja paricaya pachI ApaNe prathama tenA dUra pUrva ane pachI tenI pazcima bAjunA dezanA graMthAlaya ne paricaya karIe. dUra brahmadezanI varnADa kI lAyabrerIne joDI devAmAM Avela che. A ke pUrvanA dezamAM jApAna, cIna, keriA, meMgelIA, graMthAlayamAM 49123 graMtha ane 4010 hastaprato che. A * InDonesiA, thAIlenDa, viyetanAma, kaMbaDIA, sIMgApura uparAMta ArTasa ane sAyansa yunivarsiTI graMthAlaya che. jemAM ane malayeziyA no samAveza thAya che. ApaNe InDoneziyA 71354 graMtha che, eka oMdhapAtra graMthAlaya InTaranezanala InsTITayuTa opha eDavAnsa buddhisTika sTaDIjha lAyabrerI che. thI zarUAta karIe. jemAM 17000 graMtha 7000 sAmayika. 7650 tADapatra inDonesiyA :hastaprate, 1022 pAcamenTa hastaprata ane bIjI dhAtu uparanA lekhe che. A uparAMta sarpaya zaikamena jAhera graMthAlaya - A rASTramAM aneka graMthAlaya che. jemAnI senTrala paNa jANItuM che. mIlITarI lAyabrerI jANItI che. A graMthAlayamAM lagabhaga 36000 graMthA che. bIjI jANItI lAyabrerI che. senTrala laMkA : lAIbrerI opha DIpArTameMTa opha Inapharmezana je leka saMparka mATe agatyanI che. A graMthAlayamAM samAjazAstranA ane zrIlaMkAnA kela zaheramAM eka moTu jAhera graMthAlaya che. sthApanA sana 1925mAM thayelI. sIttorahAra ane tethI rAjyazAstranA uttama graMtha che. A graMthAlaya jAkArtAmAM che. A uparAMta rASTramAM vidyApITha graMthAlaye, sarakArI khAtAnA vadhu graMtha dharAvatAM A graMthAlayane khUba ja upayoga thAya che. graMthAlaye ane jAhera graMthAlaya che. bIjuM sana. 1955mAM sthApanA pAmela sIlena InsTITyuTa epha sAyaMTIphIka enDa InDasTrIala rIsarca lAyabrerI jANItI kAja (kaMbaDIA ). che. temAM 1 000 graMtha che. 250 sAmayika Ave che te saMzodhana mATe ghaNI jANItI che. eka jUnI lAyabrerI laMbe rAjadhAnI phenapenDamAM eka vizALa graMthAlaya bimpi nezanala myujhiyama lAyabrerI che je I. sa. 1877mAM sthapAyela otheka da InsTITayuTa bauddhika che. 1923mAM sthapAela A che. temAM eka lAkha jeTalA graMtha. traNa hajArathI vadhu hasta graMthAlaya phrenca, aMgrejI, thAI, brAhmI, siMhAlI, cAinIjha prata siMhalA; saMskRta, pAlI brAhmI ane kAja bhASAmAM tIbeTana, mAMgela, kabAja ane pAlI bhASAnA pustako ane che. A uparAMta DIpArTamenTa ova nezanala AivanuM graMthA- hastaprata dharAve che. 40,000 graMtho che. ane 16200 hasta laya jANItuM che. atre 1656 thI 17pa6 sudhImAM rahI gayela prate che. keTalIka hastaprata tADapatramAM che. eka rASTriya gaMthAvalaMdAonA sarakArI daphataro che. 196 thI 1848nA aMgrejI laya che jemAM 31000 pustaka che. rAjyakALanA agatyanA ahevAlo che. A uparAMta 1656 .... pahelAnAM phiraMgIonA zAsanakALa daramiyAna keTalAka graMtha tema ja tamiLa ane siMhAlImAM mudrita graMtha che. DemokreTIka pIpalsa rIpablika opha kerIo A nepALa-bhUtAna-sikakIma rAjyamAM 15 jeTalA graMthAlayo che. jemAM prAMtavAra graMthAlaye, zahera graMthAlaye ane rAjyakakSAnA graMthAlaye che. eka madhyaApaNI uttaranA tadana najIkanA rASTromAMnA nepALa vatI graMthAlaya che. sTeTa senTrala lAyabrerImAM 15,00,000 bhUtAna ane sikakImamAM paNa graMthA laya che. jene Acho jeTalA graMtha che. Jain Education Intemational

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348 rIpablika opha karizmA H- A rAjyanu cugAMga yunivarsiTI graMthAlaya bahu jANItu iM. 1949mAM sthapAela A graMthAlaya lagabhaga eka jeTalAM prathA dharAve che. bIna ullekhanIya iA vimensa yunivarsiTI prathAya che je 1923mAM sthapALela che. A prathAlayamAM eka lAkhathI vadhu kathA che. A uparAMta hajI jANItI nezanala senTrala lAyabrerI che jemAM bhaMga I, 1, 000 jeTalA prathA che. anya 15 graMthAlayeA che. cIna : A vizALa dezamAM bahu ja jANItI evI eka lAyabrerI nezanala lAyabrerI A riMga che. 1912mAM sthapAyela A graMthAlaya bhabdha che. rAjAzAhInA jamAnAmAM cInanA zahena zADhAe khAsa kALajI laine te vasAvelA amulya mA have A graMthAlayamAM rAkhavAmAM AvyA che. temAM zuMgavazanA 13 mI sadInA, mI'gavaMzanA 14 mI ane 15 mI sadInA ane cIMga (mAM) thazanA 10thI 18mAM saikAnA pradhAno samAveza thAya che. A uparAMta keTalAMya kiMmatI hastaprato che. keTalIka pAMcamAM saikAnI che. vaLI keTalIka 9 mAM saikAnI vuDablaka prInTasa che, bAje cAra lAkhathI vadhu yA che. A uparAMta nAnakIMga lAyabrerI bIjI mATI lAyabrerI che. ane bIjI asaMkhya thA layA jevAMke vidyApITha graMthAlayA, prAMta graMthAlaya ema kula scAsa jeTalA moTA graMthAlayeA che. ripablika opha cAinA ( tAIvAna ): A dezamAM eka nAnu` madhyavartI graMthAlaya che je rAjadhAnI vAI pamAM che. mULa A thAya nAnakIgamAM 1928 mAM sthapAza 1954 mAM tAIvAnamAM tenI punaH sthApanA thai. AmAM lagabhaga traNa lAkhathI vadhu graMthA che. jemAM amulya cAInIjha prathA, prAcIna hastaprate kAMsya lekhA, vagere che atre sAyaMsa DokayumenTezana senTara paNa che. noMdhapAtra mahAlayamAM insTITayuTa opha hisTrI ane kAIle lAjInA maMthAlayano samAveza thai zake. tAI pei myunisipala graMthAlaya mATu che. tene sata pharatA graMthAlaya che. ane e adha vAcako mATe no breililapatA oraDA che. A uparAMta bIjA graMthAlayA che. jApAna: mukhyatve TApuo para varaselA ane kharuALI vatI dharAvatA mA dezamAM aneka graMthAlayo ke kebineTa lAyabrerI rAjadhAnI TekiemAM che. A lAyabrerI ghaNI jUnI che. i. sa. 1884 mAM tenI sthApanA thayelI. temAM lagabhaga pAMca lAkha jeTalA graMthA che. keTalAka viziSTa saMgrahA che. jemAM i. sa. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 1602 mAM AiyAsu Toka gAvAe vasAvela cha4.700 napAnI ane cInI padhAno samAveza thAya che, anya pratyAya 1630 mAM TokugAvA zatruneTa kALamAM te che. A uparAMta zAhI graMthAlaya. yunivarsiTI graMthAlayo, brITIza kAunsIla graMthAlayo haTamAM nazanala lAyabrerI sthapAI temAM jApAnI prakAzanA temajayune konA prakAzano upalabdha che. tre AMtara rASTriya pustaka vinimaya kendra che. A uparAMta bIjA 150 jeTalA graMthAlayo che. phIja - : sAna. 1964mAM tenI rAjadhAnImAM rUpAela yAyagherI sudhI sIjhaphIka vesTanI enA A prathAya jANItu che 40,000 agatyanAM graMtho dharAve che. A prathA hAyane pAMca zAkhA che. mIsa gaMdhAlaya anya gekuM gadhA thAya che. je nAnImAM che. 1927mAM sthapAyela A gayAlayamAM breila sAhitya grAmAM phona raeNkoDIjha phIlma sTrIpa che. hoMgakoMga : vikaTorI khAte Avela atrenI briTIza kAunsIla lAyabrerImAM 18300 graMthA che jyAre kApyunanA graMthAlayamAM lAyabrerImAM 18300 gadhA che jyAre kAbunanA graMthAlayamAM 12500 prathA che. ahiM A 1962mAM jAhera graMthAlaya sthapAyuM hAlamAM temA 1,87000 prathA che yunivarsiTI epha hoMgakoMganu graMthAlaya ghaNuM jANItu che. 191 mAM sthapAela A graMthAlayamAM 1,60,000 graMthA che A uparAMta bIjA nava mArA badhAvayo che. malayezIyA samavAya taMtra : A nAnakaDA rASTramAM briTIza kAunsIla lAyabrerI, kAne gIva phrI lAyabrerI uparAMta sALa jeTalA anya prathAlayo che. sAbahu jAhera mathAlaya ANItuM che. atyAre temAM aDadho lAkha jeTaleA graMtha che. temAM cInI ane malayabhASAnAM pustako che. mAMgeAli : - cInanI uttare AvelA mArgola jAtInA A dezamAM paNa be noMdhapAtra dhAyA che. sTeTa pablIka lAyabrerI ja 1921mAM sthapAela che. eka lAkha jeTalA prathA che. je mukhyatve mAMgeAlIana, mancurIana cAinIjha, tIbeTana, razIana, grejI, jAmana, phrenca ane bIjI bhASAmAM che. eka jANItA graMtha sabahu che je 220 badhAnA samR che, te che bauddha vizvajJAna kopa che. lAosa : atranAM billIocaka daI kArAyela Dha meDIsIna ane bIju rASTriya graMthAlaya noMdhapAtra che. bIjI vigata upalabdha nathI.

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha 349 sIMgApora : graMtha che. ane 800 hastaprata che. je phArasI, arabI ane patRbhASAmAM che. A uparAMta anya graMthelAmAM zAhI A rASTramAM traNa khubaja jANItAM graMthAlaye che. eka graMthAlaya, beMkanuM graMthAlaya ane zikSaNa saMsthAnAM graMthAlaya che. rASTriya graMthAlaya je 1884 mAM sthapA-ela che. Aje temAM 4.00,000, graMtha che. je cAinIjha malaya, tAmila, ane Izaka aMgrejI bhASAmAM che. A graMthAlayanI traNa zALA che. eka jyAM eka vakhata prAcIna saMskRti phulI phAlI hatI. ane pharatuM pustakAlaya che. A uparAMta yunivarsiTI graMthAlaya che me pioTemiyA tarIke te vakhate oLakhAtA A pradezamAM ghaNA ane anya jANItA graMthAlaye che. graMthAlayo che. atrenI rAjadhAnI bagadAdamAM eka moTuM graMthAthAilenDa, (siyAma) laya che. jemAM 8517 kimatI graMtha che. ane 3876 hasta prata che. moTA bhAganuM sAhitya dharmane lAgatuM ane arabI traNa karoDathI vadhu vastI dharAvatA A rAjyamAM paMdara itihAsane lagatuM che. bagadAda yunivarsiTInuM graMthAlaya paNa vasiTI bhavya che. aronI senTrala lAyabrerI DIpojhITarI lAyabrerI che graMthAlaya che. lagabhaga ardhA lAkha karatAM vadhu pustako dharAvatA vaLI te AMtara rASTriya vinimaya kendra tarIke kAma kare che. A graMtha dyane vAMcake sakriya upayoga kare che. 1905 mAM temAM 15000 ullekhanIya graMtha che. pa500 nakazA ane sthapAela rASTriya graMthAlaya bIjuM moTuM tha thAya che. AmAM 1200 hastaprata che. A uparAMta anya 24 graMthAlaye che. sAta lAkha pustako che. ane 60988 hastaprate che. A uparAMta anya jANItA graMthAlaya che. IrAna ume kreTika vietanAma prajAsattAka A dezanI rAjadhAnI taherAnamAM nezanala lAyabrerI che 197pamAM sthapAela A graMthAlayamAM 80,000 graMtha che. atrenI rAjadhAnI henaImAM 900000 graMtha che ane ane amulya phArasI ane arabI graMtho che. A graMthAlaya bIjuM jANItuM vaijJAnika saMsthAnuM graMthAlaya che. jemAM 2,00, AMtara rASTriya pustaka vinimaya sevA Ape che A uparAMta 000 jeTanA graMtha che. A uparAMta anya jANItA graMthAlayamAM bIjA 30 jANItA graMthAlayo che. jemAM vidyApITha graMthAlaye, myunisipala ane prAMtiya graMthAlaye che. jAhera graMthAlaye ane anya graMthAlayo che. vietanAma prajAsattAka isarAela eka karoDa karatAM vadhu vastI dharAvatA A rASTromAM 15 eziyAI dezamAM sAvanAne A deza zikSaNakSetre sArI thI vadhu moTA graMthAlaya che. jemAM ullekhanIa Arki. pragati sAdhI zakyA che. ane samRddha che. temAM lagabhaga 40 olojIkala rIsarca insTITayuM lAyabrerI che. jemAM 15000 jeTalA noMdhapAtra graMthAlayo che. temAnA gaNanA pAtramAM jyuIza graMtha che. 700 mAIkrophIlma che ane anya mulyavAna graMtha nezanala lAyabrerI, gulabaMdIana lAyabrerI, senTrala egIka92 rala saMpatti che. lAyabrerI, pepasnara pablika lAyabrerI tela avIva yunivarsiTI lAyabrerI ane yunivarsiTI haiphA bIjA jANatAM zikSaNika have ApaNe bhAratanI pazcime Avela daranAM anya graMthAlayo che. eziyAI dezanAM graMthAlaye paricaya karIe. A vibhAganA dezamAM mukhyatve aphadhAnistAna, IrAka, IrAna, kuvaita, jADena, kubeta sAudI arebIA, sArIA, lebanono samAveza thAya che. Azare sAta lAkhathI vadhu vastI dharAvatA A telanAM aphadhAnistAna udyogathI dhamadhamatA dezamAM traNa mahattvanAM graMthAlaya che, jemAM A dezanI rAjadhAnI kAbulamAM eka vizALa jAhera ullekhanIya kuvaita madhyavatI graMthAlaya che. 1936mAM sthApanA graMthAlaya che. je zikSaNa maMtrAlayanI nagarANImAM kArya kare che. pAmela A graMthAlayamAM 95,000 graMtha che. tene 12 zAkhAo sa. na. 1920 mAM sthapAela A graMthAlayane vikAsa 1969 che. A uparAMta yunivarsiTI graMthAlaya ane briTIza kAusImAM thaye Aje temAM 60,000 pustaka che. 433 hastaprata lanA graMthAlaya jANItAM che. saMzodhananI sArI sagavaDa che. A dezamAM prAMtavAra graMthAlaye . paNa che gajhanI ane khulmanAM graMthAlayA jANItAM che. kAbula yunivarsiTInuM graMthAlaya paNa jANItuM che. atrenAM mudraNa khAtAne vIsa lAkha ane aDhAra hajAranI vastI dharAvatA saM lagna eka suMdara graMthAlaya che jemAM A dezamAM tyAnAM rAjA husene graMthAlayane vikasavA dIdhA che. 15000 jeTalA sAyarI, gulabadIdhArI talaavIva yunika Jain Education Intemational

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350 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 temAM amerIkana ane briTIza saMsthAo taraphathI cAlatA graMthA- sAudI arebiA lo tema ja bIjA cAra jAhera graMthAlaye ane eka zaikSa tela udyogathI samRddha thaela A rASTramAM 15 jeTalAM Nika graMthAlaya che eka bALa graMthAlaya che. graMthAlaye che. atrenI lAyabrerI opha IslAmika ghaNI moTI lebena che. temAM traNa vibhAga che eka senTrala lAyabrerI ane bAkInA A dezanAM jANItA graMthAlayomAM 1944mAM sthapAela be kAyadA, dharma zAstra ane mAdhyamika zikSaNane lagatA lAyabrerI jANItI che. jemAM keTalAka arebIka, keca, aMgrejI 30,000 graMtha che. 2the che. 1500 jeTalA saMdarbha graMtha che. A uparAMta siriyA lAyabrerI opha menesTarI opha senTa jheviyarsa jANItI che. ' A graMthAlayamAM 25, 500 graMtha ane 2500 hastaprata che. lagabhaga 70 jeTalI vastI dharAvatA A dezamAM ghaNuM A uparAMta bIjA 20 graMthAlaye che. graMthAlaye che. jemAnA pAMca gaNanA pAtra che. ala makta ceramena bAha ala vatanI Aha eka rASTriya graMthAlaya che. te ala jhahIrIAha bIjuM rASTriyakakSAnuM graMthAlaya che. A graMthAlayamAM yemena araba prajAsattAka A Araba prajAsattAkamAM 66000 graMtha ane 12000 hastaprato che. atrenI rAjadhAnI eka bhavya graMthAlaya che. je lAyabrerI opha dha greTa mAska damAsakasamAM yunivarsiTI graMthAlaya che. jemAM eka lAkhathI eka sAnA" tarIke jANItI che. 1925mAM sthapAela A vadhu graMthe che. bIjI be ullekhanIya 'thAlayamAM eka dara - graMthAlayamAM lagabhaga 10,000 jeTalI hastaprata che. ane ala-kutuba ala vatanI Aha ane bIjuM laDhAkIAmAM temAM amUlya graMtha che. paraMtu te jAhera janatA mATe khulluM AveluM graMthAlaya. rahetuM nathI. Ama jotAM jaNAze ke cheka dUra pUrvathI pazcimamAM dakSiNa cemena ijIptane aDIne AvelA tamAma eziyAI dezee pitAnI A dezamAM traNa gaNanApAtra graMthAlayo che. eka misvata saMskRtine vArase eka yA bIjI rIte eka yA bIjA prakaranAM lAyabrerI jemAM udde arabI ane aMgrejI bhASAmAM graMtha che. graMthAlayomAM vividha prakAre pustakanAM rUpamAM hastapratonAM rUpamAM bIjI TIcarsa kalaba lAyabrerI jemAM 20 00 upagI graMthe maLI Avyo che. sAcavI rAkhe che. lAkho leke tene che. ane trIjI TrAvelIMga lAyabrerI je misvata lAyabrerI upayoga kare che. ane dezanI asmitAnI jyota akhaMDa sAthe joDANa pAmelI che. With Best Compliments from M/s. Hiteshkumar & Co. 77/78, New Bardan Lane. BOMBAY-3. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti sadabha graMtha 3242 C 2 GJ yeTA glAsa aneka varSo sudhI kAma ApI zake che. TakAu majabUta ne caDatA thairA glAsa kAcaudyogane kSetre kheMlembikanuM nAma bhAratamAM AgaLa paDatuM che. evaNe banAvelA khAmI vinA, majabUta, Tika jevA svaccha ane camakatAM kArAnA glAsano hoTala, resTorAM, hospITala jevI ghaNI moTIgoTI saMsthAomAM bahoLA pramANAM upayoga thAya che. vaLI gharanI mRtaNI paNa enI pasaMdagI elembihanA verA glAsa para utAre che. kAraNa ke lAMbe gALe e sastA paDe che..verA glAsa rojiMdA vaparAza mATe majabUta, TakAu hovA sAthe, enA AkarSaka pATa suMdara raMgane lIdhe koIpaNlR samaye tamArA gharanI zobhA banI rahe che. yerA glAsa-dhagharanA blAsa che! DS cerA glAsa enI AgavI nirmANakriyAne lIdhe vadhu majabUta ane TakAu hoya che. jJa kairA glAsanI banAvaTa, spaeNlembikanI satata, kaDapha cakAsaNIne lIdhe khAmI vinAnI hoya che. 138, NAGDEVI jI verA glAsane viziSTa prakriyAmAMthI pasAra karavAmAM AvatA hovAthI enI kinAra rAheja paNa kharabacaDI hotI nathI, jI verA glAsa tage game evA AkarSaka ghATa ane pAkA raMgonI vividha suMdara DIjhAInamAM paNa maLe che. yerA kAthanA vANu adhAne manapasaMda, Adhunika vAsaNa! nirmAtAH eNlembika glAsa inDasTrijha limiTeDa, vaDodarA 3 bhAratano sauthI moTo saMpUrNa oTomeTIka plAnTa C. N. SANGHAVI B. Com,, ALL TYPES OF LACTIC CASEIN & MINERALS MANUFACTURERS SOLE AGENT FOR MAHARASHTRA CALCIUM SILICATE MFGD, PATEL EXPORT CO. NADIAD. STREET BOMBAY 3 B R. 351

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352 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 Gram : CIGRAN Phonces : 31 & 32 Ext. 7 As Pinneers In Gujarat In The Field Of prestressed Concerete We Are Proud Of Our Contribution TO RURAL ELECTRIFICATION CHAROTAR GRAMODDHAR SAHKARI MANDAL LIMITED, VALLABH VIDYANAGAR We specialise in : (1) Prestressed Concrete Poles of difforent siges for Poner distribution,-more than 6,00, COO poles supplied to the Bombay and Gujarat State Electricity Board. (2) Beams and Purlins for Induatrial Sheds, Farlins, Slabs, Foncing poles and such other Pre-cast Prestressed Products. (3) Rubber moulded and extruded articles of synthetic and natural rubber-rollers, rubber lining, channels, gaskets, and oil seala etc. (4) Pressurised and non-Pressurised R. C. C. Pipes from 3" to 60" diameter. (5) Tiles both plain and mesaic. (Established in 1945 : Members 2642 REMEMBER : "Cooperation is not Government control and nothing can be more catel than such a control, which is the embrace of death. If it is Government control, gocd or bad, it is not coopration out whatevar else it may be." ...Jawaharlal Nehru Third Asian Agri, Cooperative Conference Souvenir ) C. D. Desai SECRETARY Anand Amin CHAIRMAN Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAmAM jANavA jevuM -zrI vazarAmabhAI vAghelA 1 eziyAkhaMDanI saMkSipta mAhitI 2 ApaNAM pADozIo (1) vistAra 1,169700 cerasa mAila vistAramAM (1) ApaNane garabI ane prakAza ApanAra sUrya badhA khaMDethI moTo (2) vastI Azare be abaja karatAM vadhAre vastImAM (2) ThaMDA tejathI rAtane rUperI banAvanAra caMdra badhA khaMDomAM moTo. (3) samudra upara musApharI karanAra khAravA ane nahIM (3) pRthvInA kula jamIna vistAranA TakA 18 dhAyelI bhUminA cIlA vagara musApharI karanAra zodhakone (4) dara corasa mAIla para vastInuM pramANa 15 rasto batAvanAra palaka palaka karatAM asaMkhya tArA, mANasa (4) kSaNabhara prakAzIne pachI anaMta AkAzamAM DUbI (5) sauthI UMcuM biMda evaresTa (29028 phUTa) jatAM ane pitA! pAchaLa thelIvAra sudhI prakAzita cIle (6) sauthI nIcuM biMda mRta sarovara (dariyAnI sapATI mUkI janAra kharatA tArA nIce 1290 phUTa) (7) pUrva-pazcima pahoLAI-5400 mAIla (5) asalanA lokonA manamAM bhaya utpanna karanArA lAMbI lAMbI pUchaDIvALA dhUmaketuM e. (8) uttara dakSiNa laMbAi-pa300 mAila 9) sauthI gIca vastIvALo deza tahevAna A badhA ghaNuM dUra hovA chatAM tenA vinA ApaNe (10) bIjA gIca deza jApAna, lebanona, silena, cAlatuM nathI AthI te badhAM ApaNA pADozIo che. karIo ane bhArata (3) 21 mI mArce AkhI pRthvI upara divasa ane (11) deze: (1) kI (2) sAyaprasa 3) siriyA rAta sarakhA thAya che. A samayane vasaMta saMpAta kahe che. 3) siriyA re (4) irAka (5) lebanena () jeDana (7) IjharAyela (8) yemena (9) dakSiNa (4) eziyAnA uttara keneDA sAIbIriyA, ane yemena (10) barmA (11) sAudI are. raziyAnA keTalAka pradeza upara unALAmAM divase bahu lAMbA biyA (12) mana (13) emAna ane ziyALAmAM rAtrIe bahu lAMbI hoya che. (14) bhArata (15) phAtara baharIna (16) kuvaita (17) IrAna (18, apha (5) eziyAnAM keTalAka vizALa vistAramAM unALe ghAnistAna (19) pAkistAna (20) garama chatAM AnaMda dAyaka ane ziyALe madhyamasara ThaMDo hoya che. bAMglAdeza (21) silena (22) nepALa (23) bhUtAna (24) malayeziyA (25). (6) dakSiNa bhArata ane dakSiNa cInamAM sakhata siMgApura (26) InDoneziyA (ra) garamI paDe che.. thAIlenDa (28) uttara viyeTanAma (29) dakSiNa viyeTanAma (30) lAosa (31) ( 7 ) bhAratIya upakhaMDamAM ghauMnI khetI ziyALAmAM ) thAya che tene pAkatAM 41/2 thI 5 mAsa lAge che jyAre uttara kaDiyA (32) lIpAInsa (33) keneDA tathA sAibiriyAmAM ghauMnI khetI madhya unALe thAya che hoMgakoMga (34) cIna (35) tAIvAna ane tene pAka 3 mAsamAM taiyAra thaI jAya che. (36) uttara eziyA (37) dakSiNa karIA (38) ma galIA (39) (8) eziyAnAM pramANa samaya ane sthAnika samaya jApAna (40) raziyA (seviyeTa saMghane moTo bhAga) (41) makAo, arabI rA, tira, nyuginI, nAnA beTo () pRthvInI AsapAsa caMdra phare che AthI grahaNa vigere. thAya che. raziyAna 2 eziyAra che ema Jain Education Intemational

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354 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga-2 (10) eziyAnAM sAtapuDA, pazcimaghATa ane vidhya 20 dhAratIya saMskRiti parvato ne baMDa parvata tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che, je vakhate yuropanAM loko jaMgalI avasthAmAM hatA. ( 11) sauthI saMpUrNa javALA mukhI phayujiyAmAM amerIkA khaMDa zodhAyo nahoto ane AphrikAne mIsara sivAya (jApAna) che. paNa te supta sthitimAM che. pradeza aMdhArAmAM hatuM. te vakhate bhArata saMskRtinI Toce hatuM A vakhate eziyAnA phiniziyA pelesTAIna bebolIna (12) lAkha varSa pahelAM uttara eziyA eka moTo AsIriyA, IrAna vigere deze saMskRtimAM AgaLa vadhyA hatA. khaMDa hato. dakhaNanA ucca pradezanI AsapAsa bIjo eka ane bhaugolika manakaLatAnA kAraNothI bhArata te badhA dero khaMDa hato. tenA sthAne hAlamAM himAlaya ane siMdhu-gaMgAnAM sAthe vyApArIka saMbadhe vikasAvI zakayuM hatuM. medAno AvelA che. tyAM eka vizALa samudra paNa hate. (13) hajAra varSa pahelAM siMdhu nadI khaMbhAtanA akhAtane 21 saMskRtine samaya maLatI hatI. (1) sumerIana saMskRtine samaya . sa. pUrve 3700 (14) gaMgA, nAIla, yAMgayAMga, ane misisapi 1762 Azare jevI duniyAnI moTI nadIo upara eziyAno khUbaja phaLadrupa (2) misara ane haDappIya saMskRtino samaya I. sa. pUrve gaNAte trikoNAkAra jamIna pradeza Avela che. 3400 thI 2430 (15) kela, khanIjatela, lokhaMDa, senuM, cAMdI, tAMbu, ra000 thI 1500 jasata, kalAI, sIsuM ane meMgenIjhanI puSkaLa khANa eziyAkhaMDamAM AvelI che. A saMskRti I. sa. pUrve 1000 sudhI saurASTranAM lothala tathA raMgapuramAM ra stitva dharAvatI hatI ane teno (15) ma bhAratamAM AvelI "kalAra nI khANa te dhIme dhIme lepa thaye hato. A saurASTrane te vakhate dilyuna rI; eziyA nI UMDAmAM uDI senAnI khANa che. beTa tarIke oLakhavAmAM Avato. (16) jyAre lokhaMDano upayoga haju nahote thato, (3) I. sa. pUrve 1300 AsapAsa IzanI akhAtanAM te vakhate eTale ke pAMca hajAra varSa pahelAMthI bhAratanA loko baMdara sAthe IrAka, turkastAna ane phiniziyA sudhI haDappAnAM sonAno upayoga kare che. vyApArIo dhIkate vyApAra karatAM ane sumerIana zaheromAM (17) bhAratamAM 13 0 uparAMta bhaSAo ane bolIo saMsthAnA sthApatAM. mAtRbhASA tarIke vaparAya che. 21 85 karoDa varSa pahelAM gujarAta tathA bhArata geDa vAnA lenDa nAmanA vizALa khaMDanA bhAga hatA! 18 arthaghaTana rara 80 karoDa varSa pahelAM bhAratanA sauthI junA parvata prAgaitihAsika -etihAsika samaya pahelAnuM jIvananAM aravallIno janma thA. abhyAsano samAveza the hovAthI prAka agara prAga eTale ke, pahelAnuM 23 10 karoDa varSa pahelAM meTo pralaya thayo. karacha --pUrvanuM itihAsa, eTale ke itihAsana ane saurASTra uttara samudramAM DULyAM. narmadAno akhAta banyA. pUrvanuM te prAgaitihAsika 24 5 karoDa varSa pahelAM gauDavAnA lenDanAM TUkaDA thayA, 19 paththaranAM hathiyAra nA prIma upama keTaleka bhAga dariyA taLe beTho, hindI mahAsAgara racAye, paththarayugI mAnoe prathama jaMgalI pazuothI bacavA 25 2 karoDa varSa pahelAM himAlayano janma thaye; mATe paththarane TocIne paththaranAM hathiyAra taiyAra karyA haze. agara lAvAnA ubharAthI dhINodhara, bhujIe, gIranAra, DhAMka, Aleca, jaMgalI pazune paththara mAratAM pazu leDI lehANu thaI marI zetrujaya, coTIle, pAvAgaDha, ratanamALa ane sAtapuDAnAM gayuM haze ane tethI tevI dhAravALA hathiyAro banAvavA lAgyA pahADo racAyA, Adi vAnaro utkrAMti pAmyA. haze. Ama mAnavImAM prathama vicAravAnI zakita AvavAthI paththaranAM hathiyAra banAvavA ane teno upayoga karavA mAnava 26 17 lAkha varSa pahelAM jaMgalI Adi mAno prerA haze. utkrAMti pAmyA. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti sauMdarbha graMtha 27 10 lAkha varSa pahelAM Adi mAnava vAnarathI judA paDayA. AsAmathI sidhu sudhI inDobrahma nadInI khINanI Adi mAnavAnA vasavATa. 28 4 lAkha varSa pahelAM InDo brahma nadImAMthI gaMgA, si', ane brahnAputrA nadIe banI ( moTA dharatIkaMpA thatAM ane AdimAnave sthaLAMtara karyuM.... 29 22 lAkha varSa pahelAM purAtana paththara yuganI saMskRti phelANI paththarayugI mAnava paththaranAM hathiyAra vaDe kaMdamULa ukhADI tathA zikAra karI gujarAna calAvatA thayA. 32 15 hajAra varSa pahelAM saurASTra gujarAtanu joDANa thayuM. saurASTra dvipakalpa anyA 30 1 lAkha varSa pahelAM laghu pASANa yuganI saskRti phelANI. sakhyAbaMdha paththarIone jAtajAtanAM hathiyAra tarIke upayAga karI te vakhatanAM mAnA nadI kAMThe jIvana vitAvatA,ke 31 25000 varSa pahelAM saurASTra beTa hato. A vakhate citrakAma ane vadhAre sArAM hathiyAra banAvAtA hatA. 33 10 hajAra varSa pahelAM bhAratanA yuropa sAthe sabaMdha sthapAyA. 34 1 lAkha varSa pahelAnAM ejAro maLyAM, khAdakAma prabhAsa pATaNanAM nagarA TIMbAnA thayela (utthAna)mAM eka kudaratI kAcanuM "cappA" jevuM AjhAra maLI AvyuM che. Avu' AjhAra dezanA bInta kaI sthaLethI maLI Avela nathI. AthI evu tAraNa nIkaLe che ke, " A pradeza pazcima eziyA sAthe vepAra udyogamAM sakaLAyela haze. A vistAramAMthI 1 lAkha varSa jUnAM avazeSo paNa maLI AvyA che. paraMtu A saMzAdhananu dhyeya zrIkRSNanuM A prabhAsa pATaNa hatuM ke kema ? te zodhI kADhavAnuM hatuM. ' 35 30000 varSa pUrve tApInI khINamAM zAhamRge rahetAM hatAM. hAlamAM bhAratamAMthI temaja eziyA kha'DanA meATA bhAganAM vistAramAMthI nAmazeSa thaI gayelA zAhamRga nAmanAM paMkhIe AjathI lagabhaga 30 hajAra varSa pUrve tApI nadInI khINa pradeza (mahArASTramAM Avela vistAra )mAM viharatA haze. * uparanA kathananI sAbitIrUpe tAjetaramAM jalagAMva jillAmAM, cAlIzA~va najIkanA " paNe " gAma khAte kheAdakAma karatAM kAMpa nIce daTAI gayelI jamInamAMthI A zADuMmRga paMkhIonAM iMDA maLI AvyAM che. A zeAdha punAnI-Dekana kAleje karI che. 36 prAgaitihAsika citragelerI atyAra sudhI ApaNe 'ajaTA ane khAghanI citrasRSTi 'mAM viharatA hatA. paNa tAjetaramAM bhASAla najIka paththara yuganAM mAnavInI kalAtmaka siddhinI sAbitI ApI eka prAgaitihAsika citragelerI kheALI kADhavAmAM AvI che. A gelerI duyiAnI A prakAranI sauthI meATI citra gelerI hAvAnA dAveA karAya che. 355 bhepAlathI 40 ki. mI. dikSaNe Avela gADha jaMgalamAM 'bhImabeTakA " nAmanI kudaratI guphAnI aMdara A gelerI maLI AvI che. A varSanI zarUAtamAM vikrama vidyApITha, punA Dekana leja ane svITajhalenDanAM myujhiyama phaTa vAlkeTa kuMDAnI eka purAtatvavidonI TUkaDIe karela saMzodhanamAM eka lAkha varSa pahelAM paththarayuganA mAnavI rahetA heAvAnI, paththara TekanAlAjInAM kramika vikAsanI aneka kaDIo maLatAM te sAbita thAya che. lagabhaga 10 cA. ki. mI. vistAramAM patharAyela 600 jeTalI guphAo, khaDakonAM taLiye AvelI che. mukhya guphA " bhImabeTakA'' eTale ke mahAbhAratanA eka mukhya pAtra bhImanI beThaka tarIke oLakhAya che; lagabhaga 500 guphAmAM prAgaitihAsika yuganAM mAnave, lAla, sapheda ane AchA lIlA raMgamAM geMDo, vAgha, rIMcha, haraNa, gAya, kUtarA jevA jaMgalI ane pAlatu pazue kAcabA, mAchalI, karacalA jevA jaLacara prANIe tathA nRtya, zikAra ane saraghasanAM citra kaDAryAM che. ane te badhA citro 10 hajAra varSa pahelAnAM che. tema vikrama vidyApIDanAM zrI vI. esa. vAhanakara kahe che. A citro ATale lAMbo samaya TakI rahevA pAchaLanu kAraNa citro upara patharALa khaDakonAM caDI gayA hatA te che. 77 maLelA avarodhe si'dhu saMskRtinAM citArarupa killA ane tenI divAleAnA pratinidhi rupa e TekarIo kaccha jillAnA rApara tAlukAnA koTAMrI ane dira gAmethI maLI Avela che. bhAratIya purAtatvanI eka TUkaDIe zeAdhI kADhela A eka haDappA saMskRtinu' sthaLa che. A kaDIe (52) jeTalA sthaLe khAdyakAma karI purAtana-yugathI mAMDI madhyayuga sudhInA kALanAM sthaLe zodhI kADhayA che. 38 A tame jANA che. ? 1 duniyAmAM ApaNAM pUrvajo nahAtA te vakhate eTale ke AjathI 20 karoDa varSa pahelAM deDakAMnAM pUrvajo hatA.

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3pa6 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 2 moTAmAM meTA deDakAM 1 phUTanAM ane nAnAmAM nAnA pa vijayanagaranA hindu rAjyanA suvarNanAM ziva-pArvatI deDakA vaDANA jevaDA hoya che. nI mudrAvALA sikakAo eTalA badhA bena mUna che ke hAlanAM 3 deDakI ekI sAthe sauthI vIsa hajAra IMDA mUke che. - yaMtra yugamAM paNa tevA sikakA banatA nathI. 39 kajAkistAna (raziyA) rAjyamAM eka karoDa varSathI 6 pAMcamAM tathA chaThThA jarjanA vakhatamAM sau prathama eka ThekANe agni baLe che. ane te javALA sakhI nathI 2. pa0 nI noTa amalamAM AvI, te agAu rU. 100 tathA tevIja rIte paMjAbamAM paNa karoDo varSathI agni nI akhaMDa 10 nI noToja amalamAM hatI. ta baLe che. IrAnamAM AvA bhaDakAo prAcinakALathI baLe 7 AThamA eDavarDanAM traNa dekaDAnAM trAMbAnA sikakA che. tyAMnA vatanI IrAnI e Arya dharma pALatA hatA. tyAre kacchanA rAjavIe bahAra pADayA hatA. Aje te sikkAnI kiMmata te A ajAyabIthI AkarSAI ne agnipUjA karatA, pArasIe rU. 200 jeTalI che. paNa IrAnamAMthI-AvyA che. tenI agiyArImAM chabI tathA Ataza (agni ) vIze kalAka saLagato rahe che. 8 jahAMgIranA sikkAnI pAchaLa siMhanI mudrA akti karela hatI. siMha phakta gIranA jaMgalamAM ja thAya che. kharekhara A bhaDakA ane jota te jamInamAMthI nikaLato gesa che. 9 auraMgajhebe hinduo upara jajiyAvere nAMkhe hato. te mATe khAsa sikkAone amala temaNe zarU karyo hate. 40 junuM vanarapati bI maLyuM. keneDAnA yukena prAntamAMthI prava pradezanI eka vanaspatI 10 videzI sikkAo pitAnA jamAnAne ItihAsa pina" nAme oLakhAya che. tenA "bI" 15 hajAra varSa kahetA nathI. jyAre bhAratanAM sikkAo potAnA jamAnAne junAM maLI AvyA che. ane tenuM vAvetara karatAM phaNagAM paNa Akho itihAsa kahI saMbhaLAve che. te tenI viziSThatA che. phUTyA che. 13 banAvaTI sikkAne pakaDI pADavA mATe sikkAne pharatI. kinArI rAkhavAmAM Ave che. A yukti bhArate briTana 41 sauthI junI benka pAsethI meLavI che. sauthI prAcIna benka I. sa. pUrve 2000 nA bebilena nAM maMdiramAM hatI. bhAratamAM pahelI joInTa benka ' 43 jhADa "benka epha hindustAna" hatI te I. sa. 1770 mAM 1 duniyAmAM sauthI moTuM vistAravALuM jhADa kalakattAnA sthapAI hatI. have te nAnA nAnA kaA emAM paNa benka beTonikala gArDanamAM che. suvidhAo che. 2 panAmA, pesiphika AMtara rASTriya pradarzanamAM vAvaTo 42 calaNa pharakAvavAmAM Avela te cIDavRkSanAM thaDanAM staMbhanI laMbAI 1 I. sa. pahelAMnI rachake 4 thI sadInAM cAMdInA 299 phuTa ane 7 iMca hatI. sikkA jayapura jillAmAMthI maLI AvyA che te para sUrya, 3 keliphorniyAmAM harbaleTa sTeTa nezanala pArkamAM yupa pUta, Akhale, hAthI, kUtare ane eka vartuLamAM vRkSa, sApa ane deDakAnAM cihane aMkita thayelAM che. cAMdInAM A Avela reDavuDanuM jhADa 364 phuTa UMcuM che. haju vadhe che. tenI - gaLAI 47 phUTa che. jUnAmAM jUnA sikakA gaNI zakAya. 2 IsTa inDIA kaMpanIe bhAratamAM pitAnA calaNI 4 jhADamAM meTAmAM moTA ane bhAre pAMdaDA tADa. sIkakAo urdUmAM pADayA hatA. khajurI ane nALIerInAM che. 3 gujarAtanA sulatAne pitAnA sikakAmAM pAMca peDhI 5 sisila TApumAM cesTana'nuM eka jhADa che. tenA sudhInAM nAme sAmela karatA. thaDanI goLAI 240 phUTa mApavAmAM AvI che. 4 guptavaMzamAM senuM pAMca rUpiye tela hatuM. tyAre 6 sAganuM jhADa 6 khtavayanuM bane che, tamAma sikakAo senAnAM ja banatA temAM e caMdraguptanAM sikakAo kalA kArIgarImAM benamUna hatA. tene namUne 7 narmadAnAM mULa pAsene kabIravaDa ane kalakattAmAM duniyAbharamAM te vakhatanAM sikkAomAM jovA maLatuM nathI. alIpuranAM udyAnane vaDa etihAsika vaDavRkSo che. Jain Education Intemational

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357 smRti saMdarbha graMtha 44 mAMsAhArI kUtarA I. sa. 1554mAM gujarAtanAM sulatAna bahAdura zAhe muMbaI porTugIjhone ApyuM. A pigIjhoe brITanane ane eziyAnAM jaMgalomAM vasatA kUtarAo siMha ane vAgha - brITana pAsethI te IsTa InDIA kaMpanIne maLyuM jevA baLavAna pazuone phADI khAya che. A kutarAone haraNa ane sAbara mukhya khorAka che. bhAratanAM A bIjA naMbaranAM suMdara zaheranI racanA karavAne yaza' jerAlDa oNiyAra" nAmanAM eka aMgrejane A kUtarAo dekhAvamAM sAmAnya kUtarA jevA paNa phALe jAya che. janUnI bhAre che. 51 Telivijhana 45 cA TelivijhananI zodha raziyAne phALe jAya che. prathama tenI I. sa. pUrve 2737mAM "cAnI prathama zedha cInanAM zodha 1807 mAM thaI. tene sudhArA 1884 mAM, 1923, bAdazAha "zena-tuMge" karelI ane pIdhelI tema manAya che. 16 . 1925 1926 mAM thayA ane hAlanI sthitie Telivijhana I. sa. 800 thI "cA" jApAnamAM pIvAya che. yuropamAM "cAne aA prathama praveza jAvA ane holenDa dvArA I. sa. 1610mAM thaye. para varasAda A "cA" ardhA jagatane bhArata pUrI pADe che. eziyAmAM vadhAremAM vadhAre varasAda cerApuMjI (bhAra tamAM) ane ochAmAM ocho varasAda rAjasthAnanAM raNamAM thAya che. 46 erakanDIzanDa makAne pa3 A tame jANo cho atyAre ApaNe erakanDIzanDanI vAto karIe chIe 1 gAMdhIjI 14 bhASAmAM sahI karatA. paraMtu paMdaramAM saikAmAM paNa makAnane vAtAnukulita rAkhavAnI prathA hatI. ema cAMpAnera pAse maLI AvelA purAtvanAM 2 bhAratamAM daravarSe 1 karoDa rUpiyAnuM sonuM utpanna avazeSa parathI tAravI zakAya che. thAya che. "Ila" nAmanI mAchalI pa50 velTano AMcaka 47 leha mArI zake che. 1mahAbhArata kALamAM bhImanAM kadanI ane tene ja 4 mANasanI cAmaDInuM vajana lagabhaga 6 pIDuM hoya jevaDI lokhaMDanI mUrti banAvI aMdha dhRtarASTrane batAvI hatI. che. ane lehI 14 ratala 2 dilahI pAse Avela leha staMbha paMdara varSa juno 5 duniyAnI jhaDapI Trena jApAnamAM che. che. chatAM haju temane kATa lAgatuM nathI. 6 DAmaramAMthI 1200 prakAranAM raMga thAya che. 48 tAjamahAla 7 sabamarInanI zodha 1773mAM buzanele karI hatI. AgrAne tAjamahAla taiyAra karavA dararoja 20 hajAra 8 vimAnanI sarva prathama dha rAITa bhAioe mANase kAma karatA ra7 varSo pUro thayo. te vakhate 13 karoDa karI hatI. rUpiyAno tenI pAchaLa kharca thaye hate. 9 penasilInanI zodha 1928mAM elekajhAMDare karI hatI. 49 maMdira-majI sAthe 10 sAIkalanI zedha skoTalenDamAM mekamIlane 1939mAM karI hatI. mathurAmAM bhagavAna zrIkRSNanAM maMdirane aDIne ja majIda * AvelI che. tyAM AratInAM nAda ane namAjanI ajhAna sAthe 11 duniyAnuM sauthI moTo ghaTa "maskazaheramAM ja thAya che. chatAM khudAne ke bhagavAnane ke tenA anuyAyIone che. jenuM vajana 75590 pIMDa che. keI aDacaNa paDatI nathI. 12 jagatanI sauthI lAMbI relve raziyAmAM che jenuM 50 muMbaI nAma "TrAnsasAIbiriyana che. | muMbaInAM sAta TApuo prathama navenA saMzodhaka 13 duniyAnuM sauthI moTo TApu "grInalenDa" che. kizvayana leze zodhyA bhagavAna buddhanAM devI rANI mAyAdevI, te mukhadevInAM nAma parathI muMbaInuM nAma paDyuM. 14 duniyAnuM sauthI moTo dvipakalpa "bhArata" che. Jain Education Interational

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358 ezi bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asimatA bhAga 2 15 duniyAno sauthI moTo prajAsattAka deza "bhArata" che. paga evA banAvelA che ke mAnavIonI AMgaLIonI mAphaka koI paNa cIja vastu pakaDI zake che. 16 balucistAnamAM "praledakuda" nAmanAM mAnavInI uMcAI 8 sADA ATha phuTa che. 3 bhAratIya relave khAsa karIne trIjA varganAM bhAre ghasArAne ghaTADavA pasaMdagI yukata gADIomAM be mALavALA DabA dAkhala 17 nyuyorkanI empAyara sTeTa bilDIMga para traNa varSamAM karavAnuM vicArI rahela che. A DabAmAM nIce 50 beThako upara 68 vakhata vIjaLI paDI hatI. 54 beThake ane banne tarapha maLI 30 beThaka raheze Ama 18 varSARtumAM bhAratanAM jhAjhA bhAgamAM dekhA detuM A DabAmAM 134 beThake raheze AnI zarUAta 200 thI cAtakapakSI AphrikAnuM che. 400 ki. mi. dUranAM zahero vaccenI gADIomAM thaze. 19 30mI juna 1973 zanivAranA divase thayela 4 mAtra relvenAM adhikArIo ane ucca sarakArI adhisUryagrahaNa te chellA 1 hajAra varSamAM lAMbAmAM lAMba bramrAsa kArIo tathA viziSTha vyakitao mATe bhAratIya relave pAse sUryagrahaNa hatuM. 330 saluno rAkhavAmAM AvyA che. temAM breDageIja lAInamAM 13ra mITara geIja lAInamAM 162 tathA nerogejamAM ra daniyAnI sauthI vadhu lokapriya dhAtu "sTeInalesa 36 sane che. sTIla"nI zodha 1914mAM verale karI hatI. pa dilhI AvyA ane jayapura vistAramAM vAdaLa para 21 Adhunika aMka lekhananI paddhati mAratanAM vidvAnoe mIThAnA upagathI 10 thI 20 TakA vadhu varasAda paDyo hato zodhI kADhI che. A mATe vimAnamAMthI te mATenA padArtho nAkhavA tema ja 22 gaNita ane khagoLazAstranI Azcaryajanaka zodha rekeTathI te padArtho mokalavAnI adyatana paddhatine upayoga karavAmAM Avyo hato. karI tenAM para graMtha lakhavAnuM mAna bhAratane ghaTe che. 6 tApa ke varasAdathI bacavA uparAMta ke 23 aMgrejI bhASAnI greTa ekasakarDa DikazanarImAM mahilA 414825 zabdomAM artha ApavAmAM AvyA che. ane te potAnA iDana karanArane chatrI vaDe methIpAka jamADatI haze. zabdonAM spaSTi karaNa mATe 1827306 zabdone upayoga paraMtu tAjetaramAM zodhAyela chatrI vaDe potAnI surakSA mATe athavAyu cheDI zakAya che. sigAreTa saLagAvI zakAya che. ane karA che. aMdara mUkelA TrAnjhiTara dvArA madhura saMgita paNa sAMbhaLI 24 nepaliyana viSe AkhA jagatamAM Azare 30 zakAya che. hajAra putarka lakhAyA che 7 kApaDanI duniyAmAM navI kAnti AvI rahI che. muMba25 eziyAmAM vadhumAM vadhu akhabAra jApAnamAM InI TekasaTAIlanI eka peDhInA vijJAnIkee Aga lAge nahIM vaMcAya che tyAM dara hajAra mANase pa03 nakalo pragaTa thAya che tevA prakAranI sutarAu sADIonuM utpAdana zarU karyuM che. 54 yaMtra ( 8 1 hajAra utAruo laI jaI zake tevuM rAsI 1 raziyana niSNue eka evuM yaMtra vikasAvyuM che ke 20 thI 25 miniTamAM bhUgoLane mAhitI pUrNa nakazo kadanuM ane upaDatI vakhate 675 Tana jeTaluM vajana laI jaI zake tevuM vimAna TUMka samayamAM taiyAra thaI jaze. dorI Ape che. je hAthe doratA Ijanera ke TekaziyananI TUkaDIne sAmAnya rIte be divasa lAge che. 9 dUdhane cha mAsa sudhI sAcavI zakAya tevA rAsAyaNika 2 vAsaDA (jApAna) yunivarsiTInA saMzodhaka TukaDIe kAgaLanuM utpAdana bhAratamAM TUMka samayamAM zarU thaze. A eka pUrA kadanA be paga mAnevInA jevoja yaMtra mAnava rAsAyaNika kAgaLanuM nAma " TATarApeka" che temAMthI taiyAra (ba) banAvyo che. tenAM kRtrimakAna mAnavIne zAbdika karavAmAM Avela DambA ane bATalAomAM dUdhane 6 mAsa hakama sAMbhaLIne te pramANe saMketa pAThave che. ane yaMtra mAnava eka ja sudhI jALavI zakAze. te pramANe vartana paNa kare che 10 navI dilhInI rASTriya bhautika vijJAna prayoga A yaMtra mAnavInI AMkhe (kRtrIma) vastu-cIjo zALAnA vijJAnIoe tAjetaramAM ja patra bomba zodhI oLakhI zake che. ane tenA kRtrima mukhanI racanA paNa evI zakAya tevA yaMtranI zodha karI che. A navuM yaMtra vAstavamAM che ke te mAnavInAM hukamanAM javAbamAM besI zake enA hAtha dhAtu sUcaka yaMtranuM ja vikasita rupa che. game teTalA meTA Jain Education Intenational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 3pa9 patramAM chupAyelI TAMcaNIthI paNa nAnI vastunI jANa te meLavI (3) siMha gIranA jaMgalamAM thAya che tenI vastI ghaNI Apaze. ochI che. 11 gAjaranI vadhumAM vadhu laMbAI 9 iMcanI hoya che. (4) mera eziyAnuM rUpALuM pakSI che. bhAratanuM te paNa tAjetaramAM mAskanAM eka pradarzanamAM 3 traNa phUTanI rASTrIya pakSI che. laMbAinuM gAjara mUkavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. (5) eziyAnAM ghaNAM dezo ghuvaDane zukanIALa gaNe che. nAnAmAM nAnuM pustaka jyAre bhArata tene apazukaniyALa gaNe che. jApAnanA "pAna" prinTIMga presa taraphathI hamaNuM ja 17 bI. bI. sI. prasiddha thayela eka pustaka duniyAmAM nAnAmAM nAnuM che. 24 pAnAnA e pustakanI laMbAI 5 milimITara ane pahoLAI bI. bI. sI no artha briTiza broDakAsTiMga korporezana 28 milimITara che. yAda rahe ke, atyAra sudhI jarmanInA thAya che. ane te jagatanI sauthI seTa broDakAsTiMga kaMpanI guTenabaga saMgrahAlayamAMnA bAIbalanI gaNanA nAnAmAM nAnA che. I. sa. 1922mAM teNe sauthI pahelo reDiyo kAryakrama ane pustaka tarIke thatI tenI laMbAi-pahoLAI pa4pa mili. che. 13 ( 1936mAM pahele Telivijhana kAryakrama prasArita karyo hate. A tenAthI e nAnuM pustaka che. atyAre tenA aMgrejI samAcAre 35 deza bharamAM pitAnAM prasAraNo pahoMcADe che. jemAM sauthI tAjo umero 13 bhAratamAM lakhapati keTalA ? nepALI bhASAno che. bhAratamAM lAkhopati AsAmIonI kula saMkhyA 2,06, 695 che. A saMkhyA je vyaktio pAsethI kAyadesara milkata- 18 2421 vero vasula karavAmAM Ave che. te parathI AMkavAmAM AvI che. karaphayu za0 mULa phrenca zabda che. ene artha thAya che vAstavika saMkhyA AnAthI vadhAre che. Aga bUjhAvavI." 14 rAkSasI kAcabo 19 makAna verAvaLa saurASTa)nA sAgarakAMThe vividha prakAranAM vicitra tAmIlanADu ijanerI niSNAMte e rU. 2500 mAM paDe jaLacara prANIo jovA maLe che. thoDAka samaya pahelAM ane 100 varSa sudhI cAlI zake tevA 67. co. mITaranAM tyAMnA dariyA kinArethI rAkSasIkadano eka kAcabo maLI Avya plAnTa erIA vALA agAuthI joDI rAkhavA mAM AvelAM che. A kAcabAnuM vajana lagabhaga 140 kile. jeTaluM che. A makAne mAtra be kalAkamAM pUrAM karI zakAya che. 15 gujarAtamAM TapAla vyavasthA 20 DeTA gujarAtanAM 18000 gAmomAMthI lagabhaga 12 TakA daniyAnAM vikasita dezamAM rojiMdA AhAra mAM baTATA gAma evA che jyAM aThavADiyAmAM eka ja vakhata TapAla vaheM ane tenI vAnagInuM 50thI 60 TakA jeTaluM che. paraMtu caNI thAya che. 3000 gAme evA che. jemane AMtare divase bhAratamAM tenI vaparAza khUbaja ochI eTale ke mAthA dITha TapAla maLe che. jyAre lagalaga 1484 jeTalAM gAmane aDha mAMDa 13 kilagrAma japAre jarmanImAM 175 kilogrAma che. vADiyAmAM be vAra TapAla maLe che. 21 akho saMha 16 pazu jApAnanAM zInIcI zijhavA nAmanA mANase 60 dezaduniyAbharamAM DhoranI jeTalI vastI che tenA cothA bhAganAM mAMthI 7919118 divAsaLInAM leba bhegA karyA che. ane Dhora bhAratamAM che. chatAM duniyAnAM dUdha puravaThAnAM jauM tenI 750 skepa bUka bharI che. jemAM sauthI junuM lebala jeTaluM ja ja dUdha bhAratamAM pedA thAya che. 1876 mAM jApAna mAM banelI dIvAsaLInuM che. (1) geMDA AsAma (bhArata) eziyAnAM jAvA sumAtrAmAM 22 navo khorAka thAya che. tenI dareka vastu upayogamAM AvatI hovAthI bhAratane dara varSe 1 karoDa rUpiyA huMDIyAmaNanAM kamAve che. mahisura (bhArata) khAtenI anna prakriyA saMzodhana saMsthAmAM sIMgadANA ane Tepiye kAnA 'ATA' mAMthI na (2) hAthI AsAmanAM jaMgalamAM thAya che te paNa kiMmatI khAdya padArtha banAvavAmAM AvyA che. jemAM preTina keziyama pazu che. phespharasa ane viTAmInone samAveza karyo che. ane te padArtha Jain Education Intemational tion Intemaliona

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asimatA bhAga-2 traNathI cAra miniTamAM rAMdhI zakAya che. temaja dareka vAnagImAM 29 mahAbhAratanAM ghaNAM jUnA gaNatA graMthe hAla sahelAIthI meLavI zakAya che. jayapuranAM saMgraha sthAnamAM che 22 bhAratanAM rASTrapati 30 raMgunanA pustakAlayamAM bANabhaTakRta 'kAdaMkharI ? 1 1200 ekara vistAra dharAvatA rASTrapati bhavanamAM nAM sau prathama aMgrejI bhASAntaranI nakala atyAra sudhI sacavAI che 31 mahArANA pratApanAM bakhtara, talavAra, ToSa, bhAlAM 2 rASTrapatinA aMgata kharca mATe 43000 rUA. daravarSe ane bIjo zo udepuranAM sAhelI bAga pAsenA nakkI karAyA che. myujhiyamamAM che. 3 varSanuM vetana 1,80,000 rUpiyA jeTaluM maLe che. 32 mahApratApI zivAjI mahArAjanI "bhavAnI" 4 pravAsakharca-3,10,000 rUpiyA varSa AkhAno talavAra muMbaInAM zrImaMtazrI kepTana khAna bahAdUra esa. Ara. modI pAse che. A talavAra levA mATe nijhAma sarakAra tathA thAya che. briTIza sarakAre cha AMkaDAnI rakama ApavA kaheluM chatAM modI 5 1200 jeTalA aMgata nokaro che. sAhebe "nA" pADI hatI. 6 2000 jeTalA majura varganAM karmacArIo che. 33 zrIlaMkAnA jakAta adhikArIoe eka utAru 7 42 jeTalA aphasaro che, ane temano kharca rUA. 4, , pAsethI 50 hajAra rUpIAnI kiMmatanA hIrA japta kyAM che. pa6000 jeTalA varSa Akhare thavA jAya che. teNe potAnA moTA AMtaraDA pAse A hIrA chUpAvyA hatA jagata adhikArIoe kahyuM hatuM ke "Aja sudhI ame 8 trIjA varganA karmacArIo 232 jeTalA che. aneka dANacorI pakaDI che. paNa A kise Aja sudhI 9 trIjA ane cothA varganAM nokarA pAchaLa dara varSe pakaDA rUpiyA 2,96000 kharcavAmAM Ave che. - 34 bhAbhA A saMzodhana kendranAM Do. esa. vI. to paNa ApaNe kahIe chIe ke bhArata deza garIba che. onkAre lasaNumAM macchara nAzaka tatva zodhI kADhayuM che. 24 vicitratA hoya nahI. A tatvathI macchara ane anya jIvajaMtuonAM IMDA nAza pAme che. A tatvane "elesina" kahe che ane te eniTatAjetaramAM ja nAsika jillAnAM niganA hallI gAmanI sepTika hoya che. Arthika ane sAmAjika majaNI karavAmAM AvI tyAre mAluma paDayuM ke e gAmanAM loko gAMdhIjI ke javAharalAla naherU 35 mi khArI saMsthA viSe kaMI ja jANatA nahotA. eTaluM ja nahIM e nAmo paNa emane e maMjaNI daramiyAna jiMdagImAM pahelI ja vAra ajameranAM keTalAeka bhikhArIoe bhegA maLI pAuM sAMbhaLavA maLelAM ! A vicitratA kevI ? banAvavAnI phekaTarI cAlu karI, te dhaMdhAmAM temaNe gayA varSamAM ja lagabhaga rUpiyA 100 00 dasa hajAra naphe karyo hato. 25 rASTrIya prANI vAgha bhAratamAM vAghanI saMkhyA 18ra7 che. tene rASTrIya prANI 36 I. sa. 499mAM AryabhaTe gaNitanAM aneka siddhAMta samatarIke mAnyatA maLatAM tenI pAchaLa kendra pa00 rUpIA jAvyA che. pRthvI goLa che. ne te potAnI dharInI AsapAsa pAMca varSamAM kharca karaze. phare che ema kahenArA te prathama bhAratIya paMDita hatA. grahaNa grahanA paDachAyAne lIdhe thAya che tevuM paNa temaNe samajAvyuM che. 26 pragati 1961 nI vastI gaNatrI vakhate bhIkSukanI saMkhyA 37 I. sa. 600nI AsapAsa vADmaTa nAmanAM vikhyAta 8,61,739 nI hatI ane 1961 nI vastI gaNatrI vakhate AcAryo auSadhI tathA zastrakriyA (oparezana) paddhati bhAratenI saMkhyA vadhIne 74,73,397 nI thaI che. bele bhIkSuka tamAM prathama zarU karI hatI. ane rakhaDuonI saMkhyAmAM gheDI pragati thaI gaNAya? eziyAmAM jANavA jevuM" viSaya upaka meM je noMdha ra7 bhAratamAM dara yunivarsiTIo che. karI che te anyatrathI saMpAdita karelI che temAM je sAruM te 28 saMta kabira sAhebanuM megala samayanuM prAcIna citra zodhakonuM che ane nabaLuM lAge tevuM kaI lakhANa hoya te te laMDananA myujhiyamamAM che. mArUM che doSita anya na kare tevo ullekha karI viramuM chuM. Jain Education Interational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 354 OFF. C/o 323546 PHONE : RESI. 47444 Swati Steel Corporation IRON-STEEL-PIPE & HARDWARE MERCHANTS Premchand Gandhi Co. Tube Sals Corporation. Tules Centre Steel Syndicate 103, LOHA BHAVAN, P. D'MELLO ROAD, BOMBAY-9 BR. Jain Education Intemational

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362 Laxmichand Bhagaji Limited Industrial and Hire-purchase Financiers eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 Pioneers in investment and hire-purchase schemes catering to the small entrepreneur in a big way for procurement of trucks, taxis, cars, and scooters. Laxmichand Bhagaji now also offers firance for buying Refrigerators, T. V., Machinery, Airconditioners Figurette Equipment, etc. For further details write to call on our E GROU Hire-Purchase Department Laxmichand Bhagaji Limited Ramon House Backbay Reclamation Bombay 400020 Phone: 256 46 (3 lines) Telex: 011-2661 RAMON Cable RAMONGROUP

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eziyAnA girivaro ane punita nadIo -zrI azeSa je. zAstrI eziyA jagatano vizALa jamInakhaMDa che. aneka jovA maLe che. A parvata zreNIonA spaSTapaNe cha vibhAgamAM vividhatA, vibhinnatA ane virodhAbhAsathI bharapUra A jamIna- vaheMcI zakAya. khaMDa hovAthI tene virodhAbhAsa ane viSamatAnA khaMDa tarIke saMbodhavAmAM Ave che. vizvane 3 bhAga A jamInakhaMDa reke 1 dakSiNa-pUrvamAM jatI himAlaya parvatamALA che. vizALa vistArane kAraNe eziyA vividha prakAranI Abo 2 pUrva dizAmAM jatI kunakuna parvata zreNI havA prAkRtika vanaspati temaja bhUpRSTha dharAve che. vizvanI kula vastInA aDadhA karatAM vadhAre eziyA khaMDamAM ja che. tema 3 uttara-pUrvamAM jatI TI enazAna parvatamALA chatAM tenI vastInI vaheMcaNI asamAna che. duniyAnA sauthI 4 uttara-pazcimamAM jatI TrAnsa alAI, alAI ane gIca vastI dharAvatA pradeze paNa ahIM jovA maLe che. te pasAra mAIle sudhInA mAnavavihIna vistAro paNa A khaMDamAM ja AvelA che. samudro ke mahAsAgarathI 1500 mAIla karatA | | dakSiNa-pazcimAM phelAyelI hiMdukuza parvatamALA adhika aMtare rahelA sthaLe eziyA khaMDamAM che. paraMtu vAsta- 6 dakSiANu-dakSiNa-pazcimamAM rahelA gilagiTa ane vika aMtaramAM aneka gaNo vadhAro karatA durgama parvate madhya sulemAna pate eziyAnA mAnavene samudronA lAbhathI vaMcita rAkhe che. mAnava 1 himAlaya parvatamALA ane samudra vacce abhedya divAla A parvata zreNIo banAve ? ' che. eziyAnA A vizALa dehanuM hRdaya uMcA uMcA ucca himAlaya parvatamALAne vistAra bhAratanI uttara ane pradezanuM baneluM che. uraca pradeza eka bIjAmAM vilIna thatA IzAna sarahade pazcimathI pUrva sudhI dhanuSya AkAranA rUpamAM nathI paraMtu vizALa parvata zreNIo vaDe ekabIjAthI judA che. tene dakSiNa DhaLAva eTale ke bhArata taraphano DhaLAva paDe che. eziyAnA kula kSetraphaLano pAMcamo bhAga madhya ezi- vadhAre che. jyAre uttara taraphano DhoLAva e che ke A kAraNeja yAnA ucca pradeza roke che. bhUpRSTha, AbohavA ane vanaspati bhArata-cIna yuddha samaye bhArata muzkela sthitimAM mukAyuM hatuM. ja temaja prANI ja avazeSomAM te eka vidhatA dharAve che. yudhdha sAmagrI ke khAdya cIja vastuono pUravaThe pahoMcADavAmAM hajAro mAIla sudhI musApharI karIe te eka ja prakAranI bhArata pratikULa sthitimAM hatuM. pahoLI ane khullI khINa, viSama AbohavA ane khetI siMdhu nadInI khINathI brahmaputrA nadInI khINa sudhI mATe agya pradeza ja jovA maLe, eziyAno madhyabhAga himAlayanI laMbAI 1500 mAIla karatA vadhAre che. jyAre zana hovAthI tenA ghaNA vistAro agamya rahyAM che. parvata tenI uttara-dakSiNa laMbAI 100-150 mAIla jeTalI che. mALAonI seMkaDo mAIla la karI deva divAlone kAraNe teno vizvanI te sauthI vistRta ane uccattama parvatamALA che tenA AMtarika bhAga rahasya ja rahyo che. AMtarika bhAgano vigata zikharo haMmezA baraphathI chavAyelA rahe che. mATe ja tene vAra abhyAsa ocho thaI zake che, jethI te pUrNa rIte jANI himAdrI ke DimAlaya tarIke saMbodhAya che. pUrvamAM te dakSiNa zakA nathI. cInanA pazcima bhAga sudhI jAya che. ane Akhare cInanA eziyAnA giripara eka saLaMga rekhAnA rUpamAM ezi- dakSiNanA parvata mAM lupta thaI jAya che. pUrvamAM tene eka yAnA pazcimI cheDAthI uttara pUrva cheDA sudhI jovA maLe che. eka phoTo dakSiNa tarapha vaLAMka le che. ane AsAma, barmA, eziyAnI parvatamALAonuM svarUpa pazcimamAM sAMkaDu ane AMdAmAna nikebAra TApuomAM thaI agni eziyA nA dvIpa pUrvamAM pahoLuM che. eziyAnA girivaranuM kendra pamIrano samUho sudhI jAya che. AsAmamAM tenI zAkhAo pataI, ucca pradeza che. jyAM bhArata, aphaghAnistAna, raziyA ane jaMtiyA, khAsI ane gAro tarIke oLakhAya che. barmAmAM jUnA cInI rAjyonI sarahado maLe che. tyAMthI dherI nasanI tene ArAkAnamAM pegu mA ane titasirima kahevAmAM jema parvatamALAo eka cheDAthI bIjA cheDA sudhI jAya che. Ave che. tenA keTalAka sikhare 10,000 jeTalI UMcAI ane eziyAkhaMDanA vizALa pradezane AvarI le che. pAmIra dharAve che. mAunTa vikaTorIyA tyAMnuM uccattama zikhara che. e duniyAmAM sauthI vadhu uMcAI dharAvate ucca pradeza che. agni eziyAnA dvIpa samUhomAM AvelA maleziyAmAM te be temAMthI cAre bAjue parvata zreNIo dUra sudhI patharAyelI vibhAgamAM vaheMcAyelI jovA maLe che. tenA ghaNA zikharo Jain Education Intemational

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cAI AI 1500 nI uMcAI ramAsa je 364 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 7000 thI vadhAre UMcAIna che. mAunTa karabAu athavA gunAMga pUrvamAM jatA te cInanA sinaliMga parvatamAM lupta thAya che. kerabU 7160" tathA mAunTa halu TImeMgera 7028"nI uMcAI sAIdAma besina ane kanalana zreNInI uttare atAIna tAga dharAve che. ( esTIna tAga) zreNI rahelI che. A zreNI uttaramAM jatA cInanA sinaliMga parvata sAthe bhaLI jAya che. kAzmIramAM rahelI himAlaya zreNI bahu jaTila che. tene traNa judI judI zreNIomAM vibhAjIta karI zakAya. 3 TIenazAna parvatamALA bRhada himAlaya athavA jAskara zreNI, jenI pAmIranA ucca pradezanI uttara pUrva dizAmAM TIena| sarerAza uMcAI 20,000" che zAna parvatamALA jatI jovA maLe che. tenI sauthI vadhu uMcAI 2 madhya himAlaya athavA paMgI che, jenI ! 22,500 jeTalI che. jyAre sarerAza uMcAI 15000 jeTalI che uttara tarapha jatA tenI uMcAI ghaTatI jAya che. A parvata | sarerAza uMcAI 15000 - 20,000 che. * upara bAremAsa hima rahe che. ane himanadIo jovA maLe da bAhya himAlaya athavA pIramaMjANa zreNI je che. tenI AjubAjunA vistAra varSanA moTA bhAga daramyAna madhya himAlaya ane gaMgAnA medAna vacce zuSka rahe che. temAM rahelI khINane kAraNe te parvatane pAra AvelI che. ane tenI sarerAza uMcAI 10, karavA muzkela che. pazcimamAM A parvate rUsI turkastAnamAM 000' karatAM ochI che. ane pUrvamAM nAnazAna athavA uttara cInanA parvatemAM lupta A traNe hAramALAo ekabIjAne lagabhaga samAMtara thAya che. phelAyelI che. pUrvamAM jatA himAlaya zreNI saraLa banatI jAya tenI uttare atAI ane pAna parvatamALA AvelI che. parvamAM tene AMtarika himAlaya ane bAhya himAlaya ema che. te uttara pazcimathI dakSiNa pUrva dizAmAM jAya che. mAtra be vibhAgamAM vibhAjIta karavAmAM Ave che. soviyeta raziyAmAM rahele tene vistAra svITajharaleMDa karatAM samagra himAlaya parvatamALAmAM aneka uMcA zikhare dasa gaNe che. A parvatamALAo cIna ane sAIbirIyAnI AvelA che. 25000 karatA vadhAre uMcAI dharAvatA lagabhaga sarahade che. cAlIsa zikhare A zreNImAM che. bRhad himAlayamAM mAunTa evaresTa athavA gaurIzaMkara nAmanuM zikhara AveluM che. tenI ** drAsa alAI, alAI ane hisAra parvata uMcAI 19,141 jeTalI che. ghaNAM varSo sudhI ajeya rahelA pAmIranA uccapradezanI uttara-pazcimamAM nIkaLatI A zikharane i. sa. 1953 mAM sara eDamanDa hilerI ane parvatamALAo TrAnsa alAI, alAI ane hisAra parvata zerapA tenasiMga sahItanI briTIza TUkaDIe sara karyuM hatuM. tarIke oLakhAya che. te rUsI turkastAnamAM bhaLI jAya che. kAMcana jaMdhA 27,815" uMcu che. tene I. sa. 1955 mAM pAmIranA uccapradezanI uttara-pazcime TrAnsa alA parvata briTIza TUkaDIe sara karyuM hatuM. te uparAMta makAlU (raha790) pUrva-pazcima phelAyelA che. TrAnsa alAinI uttare alAI dhavalagirI (26,795" ) naMdAdevI (25, 64pa") naMgA parvata parvatazreNI AvelI che. je TrAnsa alAIne samAMtara che. A (26629) nAvyacA baravA (25,445" ) vagere himAlayanA vistAramAM alAInI khINa AvelI che. je tyAM thatA ghAsa mukhya zikhare che. mATe prasiddha che, alAI parvatamALA vadhAre pazcimamAM jatA himAlayanI uttare kAra kerama nAmanI parvatamALA hisAra hisAra parvata tarIke oLakhAya che. AvelI che. caMgIjhakhAne A nAma rAkhyuM hovAnuM mAnavAmAM 5 hiMdukuza Ave che. kAraNa ke tenI prAcIna maMgola rAjadhAnI kArAkorama pAmIranI dakSiNa pazcime hiMdukuza parvatamALA AvelI tarIke oLakhAtI hatI. kAra kerama parvatamALAmAM Kra prarvata che, je bhArata ane aphaghAnistAnanI vacce prAkRtika sarahada athavA mAunTa geDavina o sTIna nAmanuM zikhara AveluM banAve che. A parvatamALA pazcimamAM AvelA IrAnanI uttara che. vizvamAM te UMcAI nI daSTie dvitIya sthAna dharAve che. sarahada sudhI phelAyelI che. aphaghAnistAnamAM tene pepemisasa tenI uMcAI 28,para' jeTalI che. jo ke .sa. 154 mAM (Paropamisus) kahevAya che. jyAre pazcime tene alAITAliyana parvatArohaka TUkaDI tene prathamavAra sara karavAnuM dAga ane kopeTadAga tarIke paNa oLakhavAmAM Ave che, mAna meLavI gaI hatI. IrAnamAM te ebarga parvata tarIke oLakhAya che. 2 kunalana parvatazreNI IrAnanI samagra uttara sarahade te phelAyelA che. IrAkamAM jovA pAmIranA ucca pradezanI pUrva mAM kunaluna parvata zreNI maLatI kudIstAnanI pahADIo Aja zreNInI zAkhAo che. AvelI che. sAIdAma besinanI dakSiNamAM teno vistAra che. ebrujha parvatamALA kAspiyana samudranI dakSiNe che. ane Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 365 sAMkaDI parvatazreNI banAve che. sAMkaDI hovA chatAM te ekadama che. pazcima bAjue tenI uMcAI 10,000' jeTalI che. sIdhA DhaLAvavALI che. ane tenA ghaNA zikhare 10,000' TArasanA himAcchAdita zikhare ane gherA bhUrA raMgano bhUmadhya karatAM vadhu uMcAI dharAve che. samudra e avarNanIya kudaratI sauMdaryane namUne che. A parvatamALAne pUrva bhAga enTI TArasa tarIke oLakhAya che. hiMdakuzamAMthI eka zAkhA uttara pazcima tarapha jAya pinTika ane enTITAsa jyAM maLe che te tradeza Ara miniyAno che, je kAspiyana samudramAMthI pasAra thAya che. ane bleka sInA ucca pradeza che. tene AraminiyAnI gAMTha paNa kahevAmAM Ave pUrva kinArA sudhI jovA maLe che. tene kekasasa parvatamALA che. kAraNa ke tyAMthI cAra judI judI parvatamALA o nIkaLe kahe che, jenI uMcAI 18,500 jeTalI che. che. Ara miniyAnA ucca pradezamAM arArata nAma nuM zikhara elbarga parvatamALA pazcimamAM jatA AraminiyAnA AveluM che. tenI uMcAI 16,920 jeTalI che. A vistAra uccapradezane maLe che. AraminiyAno uccapradeza turkastAnanI javALAmukhIone banelo che. ghaNA varSo agAu tyAM javALA pUrve Avela che. AraminiyAnA ucca pradezamAMthI turkastAnanA mukhI sakriya hovAnA purAvAo maLe che. garama pANInA jharA uttara kinArAne samAMtara eka parvatamALA pasAra thAya che, jene tyAM . te uparAMta khINa pradeza lAvAne kAraNe purAI gayA piki parvatamALA kahe che. A parvatamALA khaMDita che. tenA hovAnuM paNa jovAmAM Ave che. khINa pradeza lAvA rasane zikharo UMDI khINa dvArA ekabIjAthI judA paDe che. A kAraNe baMdha thaI javAthI tyAM vAna sarovaranI racanA thayelI parvatamALA turkastAnanI uttare rahelA bleka sI sudhI phelAyelI che. uMcAI upara AveluM turkastAnanuM A mahatva nuM jalAzaya che, che. AthI turkastAnane samudranI prAkRtika suMdaratA ane asa- eziyAnA anya parvatomAM yAnvenAya eNnevAya. rone lAbha maLato nathI. A parvata mALAnI uMcAI 8000" biMgAna ane yurala parvatane samAveza karI zakAya cAnse9000" jeTalI che. ponTika parvatamALAnI zAkhAo ejIyana nAya parvatamALA baeNkala sarovaranI dakSiNe AvelI che. ane samudramAM rahelA TApuomAM paNa jovA maLe che. cInanI sImA sudhI jatI jovA maLe che. tenI uMcAI vadhAre 6 gilagiTa ane sulemAna parvata nathI. yArnenAyanI uttaramAM sTenevAya parvate AvelA che. pAmIranA uccapradezanI dakSiNa dakSiNa-pazcimamAM sule. tenI sarerAza uMcAI 7000" jeTalI che. sTeneyanI pUrvamAM biMgAna parvatamALA AvelI che. raziyAmAM eka bIjI parvatamAna, kirathAra ane gilagiTa-nA parvate AvelA che. sule-. mALA, jene yurala parvata kahevAmAM Ave che, te mahatvanA che. mAna parvata paMjAba ane uttara balucistAnane judA pADe che. samatala medAnenI vacce A parvate rahelA che. eziyA ane A parvata pazcima tarapha AgaLa vadhIne IrAnamAMthI pasAra thAya che. IrAnanI dakSiNa ane pazcime rahelA A parvata yuroyakhaMDanI vacce te sarahada banAve che. temAMthI keTalIka mahatvanI nadIo nIkaLe che. jaisa tarIke oLakhAya che. jaisa parvatamALA uttara pazcimathI dakSiNa-pUrva sudhI 100 mAIla jeTalA vistAramAM patha- bhAratane prAyazciya eka ucca pradeza che tenI traNa rAyelI che. te IrAna ane irAka vacce prAkRtika sarahada banAve bAjue upara prarvate rahelA che. uttaramAM vidhyAcaLa ane che. tenA madhyabhAgamAM keTalAka uMcA zikhare AvelA che, sAtapuDAnI hAramALA e pUrva-pazcima phelAyelI che. pazcimamAM 8,000 thI 10,000' uMcAinA ghaNA zikhare temAM che. pazcima ghATa, pUrvamAM pUrva ghATa uttara-dakSiNa phelAyelA che, vidhyAcaLa ane sAtapuDA nA parvate bhAratanI madhyamAM AvelA temAMnA keTalAka 16,000" thI 17,000 nI uMcAI che ne pUrva-pazcima phelAyelA che, viMdhyAcala parvate pUrvamAM dharAve che. sauthI vistRva ane uMcu zikhara kuha dinAra che. tenI sauthI uMcI zAkhA 18,600 jeTalI che, jene dAmAnaMda jatA kapUra parvato ne maLe che. pazcimaghATa bhAratanA pazcima tarIke oLakhAya che. A parvatanI vacce aphaghAnistAna, kinArAne samAMtara jAya che. kinArAthI lagabhaga cAlIsa mAIlanA pAkistAna ane IrAnano pradeza ucca pradeza banAve che. kAraNa aMtare te AvelI che. tenI sarerAza uMcAI 3500' che. temAM ke te samudra sapATIthI uMcAI e Avela che. tene IrAnanA raheluM sauthI UMcuM zikhara "dedAbeTa"8600" uMcuM che. besina tarIke paNa oLakhavAmAM Ave che kAraNake te parvanI pUrva ghATa bhAratanA pUrva kinAre che. pazcimaghATa karatAM tenI uMcAI ochI che. ane pazcimaghATa thI UlaTuM te traTaka che. vacce nIcANavALo pradeza che. pUrva ghATamAMthI mArga karatI dakSiNa bhAratanI nadIo mahA, kRSNa jaisrosa parvatamALA ebarga parvatanI jema Ara ane kAverI che, cheka dakSiNamAM nilagirI parvata pazcima ghATa miniyAnA uraca pradezane maLe che. tyAMthI eka zAkhA turkastAnanI dakSiNa ane bhUmadhya samudra kinAre jovA maLe che. tene TArasa parvatamALA tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che. turkastAnanI uttare silenanI madhyamAM pahADI pradeza Avela che. pahADI rahelI piTika parvatamALA karatA te ochI sAMkaDI ane jaTila pradezamAM keTalAka 6000thI vadhAre uMcAI dharAve che. piDaphaTAla Jain Education Interational

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366 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga 2 agAla tenu sauthI uMcuM zikhara che. tenI uMcAI 2892'suvidhAo prApta thAya che. AthI te mAtra eziyAmAM ja jeTalI che. kiragAla pATTA (7857'), Adamanu zikhara nahi, samagra vizvamAM prasiddha thAya che. (7360' ) ane nAnuna kulA ( 6 679' ) tyAMnA anya zikhA che. Ama, samagra eziyAmAM joie te, eziyAnA madhya bhAga mukhyatve girivAnA banelA che. eziyAnI madhyamAM vistRta ane uMcI paMta zreNIo AvelI che, je turkastAnathI zarU karI pAmIranA ucca pradeza sudhI phelAyelI che. pAmIranI pUrvamAM ucca pradeza ane tene banelA eka vizALa trikaSNu che. trikoNanI eka bAju pAmIra thI berIMganI sAmudrAne sudhInI che, jenI laMbAI 5000 mAila thI vadhAre che. bIjI bAju lagabhaga 2500 mAila lAMkhI che. ane himAlaya parvata mALA temaja malayeziyAnA dvipakalpane AvarI leche. trIjI bAju malayeziyAnA dvipakalpa ane berIMganI sAmudradhunine joDe che, A trikoNanI vacce U, S. A. karatA bamaNA vistAra dharAvatA pradeza mAnavavastI vihIna che. kAraNake vaccenA bhAgamAM patAne kAraNe samudranA bheja paheAMcI zakatA nathI, vaccenA ucca pradezanI UMcAIne kAraNe te khUba ThaMDA rahe che. ane khetI mATe lAyaka nathI. vAhana vyavahAramAM paNa A parvata ane ucca pradeze bAdhArUpa che. turkastAnanA mukhya zahera aMkArAthI taherAna, kAbula, lhAsA ane nAnakIga sudhInA 1 4000 mAIlanA aMtara sudhI bahuja thADA relve mArgo Ave che. cIna ane bhArata najIka hAvA chatAM temane joDatA relve mAga nathI. eziyAnA girivarane A meTAmAM moTo geralAbha che. pariNAme himAlayanI dikSaNe ane uttare rahetI prajA ghaNI bhinna jovA maLeche. pavatamALAe temanI sAMskRtika-bhinnatA mATe saMpUrNa paNe javAbadAra che. Ama eziyAnA girivarAnA vistAra zuSka ane mAnava vastI vihina che. jyAre eziyAnI nadIo mAnavane AzirvAda rUpa che. sadIe mAnava vasavATanAM kendro A nadIonAM medAne! anelA che. kudarate eziyAnA paDADI pradezomAM je uNupA rAkhIne che tenuM vaLatara nadIkhAnAM phaLadrupa medAnamAM vALI ApyuM che. tenA medAnAnI phaLadrupata aziyAnA moTA vistAranI mAnava vastIne khorAka pUrI pADavA samartha che.nadIomAM pANInA jaththA puSkaLa che. lAkha ekara jamInane sI'cAinI sagavaDa te pUrI pADavA zaktimAna che. jaLamArga ane jaLavidyuta mATe paNa eTalI ja upayogI che. mAnava saMskRtinA pAraNAM A punita nadIne kAMThe ja jhUlyA hatA. bhArata ane pAkistAnamAM AvelA gaMgA ane siMdhu nadInAM medAneA; IrAkanu dajalA ane phAtanuM medAna cInanAM huAMga hA, yAMga kiyAMga ane sikayAMga nadIonAM meDhAnA, raziyAmAM rahelA Abe, cenesI, lInA temaja vAlgAnA medAna, dakSiNa-pUrva eziyAmAM IrAvatI, minAma ane miyAMganA meDhAne mahatva pUrNa che. A badhI nadIonAM medAnomAM vasavATa mATenI saMpUrNa eziyAnI nadIe mukhyatve madhya eziyAnA pahADI pradezomAMthI nIkaLatI jovA maLe che. madhyaeziyAne ucca bhAga-eziyAnu hRdaya-peAtAnA dilane niceAvIne cAre bAjue pANI vahevaDAve che. dUradUranA mahAsAgaro sudhI nadIo pahoMca zake teTaluM pANI A nadIne madhya eziyAnA pradeza purU pADe che. eziyAkha'DanI uttare ArkaTika mahAsAgara, pUrvamAM pesiphika mahAsAgara ane dakSiNamAM hiMdI mahA sAgara AlA che. A mahAsAgarane eziyAnI mahatvanI nadIe maLe che. jyAre keTalIka nadIe eziyAnA AMtarika jaLAzayAmAM lupta thaI Aya che. AthI eziyAmAM vahetI nadIne cAra vibhAgamAM vaheMcI zakAya. Jain Education Intemational 1 ArkaTika mahAsAgarane maLatI nadIe 2 pesiphika mahAgAsarane maLatI nadIe 3 hiMdI mahAsAgarane maLatI nadIe 4 AMtiraka jaLa zayAne maLatI nadIe ATika mahAsAgarane maLatI nadIo uttara eziyAmAM vahetI ane ATika mahAsAgarane maLatI nadIomAM Abe, TenesI ane lInA mukhya che. vizvanI agiyAra meATI nadIomAM temanI gaNanA thAya che. madhya eziyAnA pahADI pradezamAMthI nIkaLIne te sAibirIyAnA samattala maidAnAmAM praveze che. A pradeo eTalA samatala che ke nadIo khUba ja maMda gatie AgaLa vadhe che. A nadIenA mukhathI keTalAka mAilo sudhInA bhAga ziyALAmAM baraphathI DhaMkAyelA rahe che. unALAmAM barapha ogaLe che. tyAre A nadIonu` pANI dUra sudhI phelAI jAya che, Abe nadI A nI sAibarIyAnA moTA vistArane peAtAnA khINu pradezamAM samAvI le che. altAi parvatamAMthI nIkaLI te uttara tarapha vahe che. yurala parvatamAMthI nIkaLatI anya nadIe paNa tene maLe che. dharatIza dI paNu Abene maLe che. IratIza ane AbenAM sa'gama pachI te vibhAgamAM vaheMcAI jAya che. 1. mATI ee ane 2. nAnI ebe. ebe nadInu mukha paheALuM che, paraMtu ziyALAmAM te kharaphathI DhoMkAi jAya che. unALAmAM A nadI jaLamArga tarIke uogI che. cenesI nadI madhya sAibirIyAmAM A nadI vahe che, madhya eziyAnA ucca pradezomAMnI nIkaLI. ArkaTika mAsAgarane maLe che.

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 317 enesI nadInI be mukhya zAkhAo che. eka esI ane A nadInuM vaheNa bhUtakALamAM uttara tarapha khasatuM rahyuM che. bIjI aMgArA. bane cInanI sarahadamAMthI thaIne raziyAmAM AthI uttara cInamAM teNe ghaNIvAra vinAza phelAvyo che. AthI praveze che. yunesI nadI mAIle sudhI jaLamArga tarIke upa- tene "cInanA zeka"nuM upanAma paNa ApavAmAM AvyuM che. yogamAM levAmAM Ave che. yunesIne tenI pUrvamAMthI traNa cInanI A lekamAtAne mijAja prativarSa kinArAnA pradezamAM nadIe AvIne maLe che. 1. apara tuMgaskA 2. madhyatuMgacchA vinAza vere che. ane 3 leara tuMgacchA yAMgasiyAMga lInA nadI cInanI A sauthI moTI nadI che. duniyAnI moTI yenesInI pUrvamAM agatyanI nadIomAM lInA mukhya che. nadIomAM tenuM sthAna charyuM che. tenI laMbAI 3200 mAIla te madhya eziyAnA ucca pradezamAMthI baeNkala sarovaranI jeTalI che. tenuM mahatva eTalA mATe vadhI jAya che. kAraNa ke pazcimethI nIkaLe che. thoDA aMtara sudhI te aMgArAne samAMtara cInamAM te sauthI moTo AMtarika jaLamArga banAve che. te vahe che. kala sarovaranI pUrvamAMthI nIkaLatI viTIma nAmanI uparAMta madhya cInamAM phaLadrupa medAna paNa banAve che. tenA nadI AgaLa jatA tene maLe che. viTIma ane lInAnA saMgama banAvelA trikoNa pradezamAM cInanuM mahatvanuM zahera zAMdhAI sthAnathI lInA pravAha IzAna dizA tarapha vaLe che. sTene AveluM che. vaya parvatamAMthI nIkaLatI ADana nadI tene pUrvamAMthI AvI maLe che. tyArabAda lInA uttara-pazcima tarapha vahevAnuM zarU sikayAMga kare che. ADana ane lInAnA saMgama upara lInAne paTa bAra dakSiNa cInamAM sikayAMga mahatvanI nadI che. yunAnanA mAIla jeTale vizALa bane che. A nadInI mAIla jeTalI ucca pradezamAMthI te nIkaLe che. ane dakSiNa cInamAM phaLadrupa laMbAI jaLamArga mATe upayogI che. medAnanuM nirmANa kare che. A uparAMta lInAnI pUrve rahelI yAmA, IDIgirakA mikAMga ane kelimA nadIo paNa ArkaTika mahAsAgarane maLe che. 2 pesiphika mahAsAgarane maLatI nadIo vieTanAmanI A mukhya nadI che. te uttara-dakSiNa vahe che. tenuM medAna khUba ja phaLadrupa che. tenA trikeNa pradeeziyAnA pUrva bhAganI nadIo paNa ekabIjAne samAMtara zamAM dakSiNa vieTanAmanI rAjadhAnI sAIna AvelI che. vahe che. ane pUrva dizA tarapha vahIne pesiphika mahAsAgarane maLe che. raziyAmAM AvelI AmUra, cInanI hoAMga-ho, minAma yAMgasiyAMga ane siyAMga, vieTanAmanI miga ane minAma thAileMDanI sauthI vadhu mahatvanI nadI che. tene thAIlenDanI minAma mahatvanI nadIo che. pravAha paNa uttara-dakSiNa dizAmAM che. nadIne medAnAvasthAne AmUra nadI bhAga paheluM medAna banAve che. AthI tenuM Arthika mahatva AmUra nadI madhya eziyAnA ucca pradezamAMthI pUrva ghaNuM che. tenA trikoNa pradezamAM thAIleMDanI rAjadhAnI beMgakeka tarapha vahIne pesiphika mahAsAgarane maLe che. Arthika dRSie AvelI che. AmUra nadIne khINa pradeza mahatva che. tene khINa pradeza 3 hiMdI mahAsAgarane maLatI nadIo raziyA temaja cInamAM Avela che. zilkA ane Araguna nAmanI be nadIonA sahegathI AmUra nadI bane che. mAIle sudhI eziyAnI dakSiNe AvelI ane hiMdI mahAsAgaramAM A nadIne upayoga jaLamArga tarIke karavAmAM Ave che. vahetI nadIomAM siMdhu, gaMgA ane brahmaputrA prasiddha nadIo che. A nadIomAM pANI ghaNuM vadhAre hoya che. kAraNa he AMgaNe ke temanA mULa himAlayamAM che. paraMtu A nadIonI laMbAI uttara cInamAM vahetI A nadIne pILI nadI tarIke ochI che. te uparAMta barmAnI irAvadI tathA sAlvIna, IrAkanI paNa oLakhavAmAM Ave che. kAraNa ke lesanA medAnamAMthI dajalA ane pharAta, bhAratanI anya nAnI paNa mahatvanI te vahe che. tyAre pILA mATInA kaNe tenI sAthe bhaLI jAya nadIo tApI, narmadA ane mahA che. che. cInanA uttaranA vistAra mATe 2700 mAila lAMbI A sidha nadI jIvanadAtA temaja vinAzaka che. tibeTanA ucca pradezamAMthI te nIkaLI uttara-pUrvamAM vahe che. te pachI maMgeliyAmAM siMdhu nadIne zarUAtane bhAga bhAratamAM vahe che, tyAra bAda pravezI pUrva tarapha vaLe che. tenI sahAyaka nadI vI-he che. te medAnamAM utarI Ave che. ane pAkistAnamAM vahevA mAMDe che; Jain Education Intemational

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368 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 pAkistAnamAM phaLadrupa medAne banAvyA bAda arabI samudrane te milana sthAna kevuM bhavya haze? gaMgA ane brahmaputrAnA saMgama maLe che. pAkistAnamAM A nadI khUba mahatvanI che. siMcAI baMgalA dezamAM thAya che, baMgALanA upasAgaramAM jatA pahelA mATe puSkaLa pANI te puruM pADe che. jhelama, cinaba, rAvI, te atyaMta phaLadrupa ane vizALa trikoNa pradezanI racanA kare biAsa ane satalajanA pANuM tene pUrvamAMthI AvIne maLe tene "suMdaravana" kahevAmAM Ave che. che. AthI siMdhu nadI-paMjAbamAM pravezyA bAda pANIno moTo ja dharAvatI hoya che. A badhI nadIo vacce banelA bhAratanA dvipakalpamAM vahetI nadIo uttara bhAratanI de Ama khUbaja phaLadrupa che. jhelama ane cinAba vaccene nadIo jeTalI moTI nathI. paraMtu tenuM mahatva jarUra che. dakSipradeza * cAja " nA nAmathI, cinAba ane rAtrI vacce zunA uccapradezamAM teno uddabhava thAya che. A nadIomAM pradeza "recanA" tarIke, rAvI ane biAsa vacceno pradeza mahA, godAvarI, kriSNA, kAverI, narmadA, tApI, sAbaramatI "bArI ane biAsa ane satalaja vacceno pradeza "bista" ane vAtraka mukhya che. mahA, godAvarI, kiSNA ane kAverI tarIke oLakhAya che. nadIo baMgALanA upasAgarane maLe che. jyAre narmadA, tApI, sAbaramatI ane vAtraka arabI samudrane maLe che. uttara bhAra gaMgA temAM je sthAna gaMgAnuM che te sthAna dakSiNa bhAratamAM kAverI himAlayanI dakSiNe ane bhAratanA prAyadvipanI uttare tharA , dharAve che, AthI ja tene dakSiNa bhAratanI gaMgA kahevAmAM vahetI A nadI bhAratanA jIvanamAM prANa pure che. bhAratanI Ave che. dakSiNa bhAratanI nadIo jhaDapathI vahI jatI nadIo te meTI nadI che. eTaluM ja nahi, te uttara bhAratane eka che. narmadA ane tApIne bAda karatAM lagabhaga badhI nadIomAM atyaMta phaLadrupa medAna banAve che. bhAratanI te sauthI pavitra bAremAsa pANuM rahetuM nathI. vaLI, narmadA ane tApI sivAnadI che. kailAsa pAsenA gaMgotrI nAmanA sthaLethI te nIkaLe thanA navAo khaDakALa pradezamAM thaIne vahe che. AthI vahANache. himAlaya mAMthI nIkaLatI hovAthI te bAre mAsa pANIthI vaTA mATe paNa bina upayogI che. jaLavidyuta utpanna karavA bharapUra rahe che. alakanaMdA nAmanI nadI tene pahADI pradezamAM mATe tene upayoga thaI zake tevI che. tApI nadI ane narmadA ja maLe che. te uparAta gaMDaka, gomatI, goDyA ane kosI nadImAM vAraMvAra pUra Ave che. ane kinArAnA pradezamAM vagere nadIo paNa himAlayamAMthI nIkaLI gaMgAne maLe che. vinAza phelAve che. tApI nadI upara ukAI baMdha bAMdhIne tene dakSiNamAMthI paNa tene keTalIka nadIo AvIne maLe che. A nAthI levAmAM AvI che. narmadA baMdha bAMdhavAnI AvazyakatA nadIo caMbala, zANu ane beTavA che. yamunA nadI tenI pazcime khUba ja che. gujarAtane anukULa UMcAIno baMdha bAMdhavAthI vahe che. te paNa himAlaya mAMthI nIkaLe che. gaMgAnI te mukhya kacchanA raNa sudhIno pradeza siMcAI heThaLa lAvI zakAya tema sahAyaka nadI che, gaMgA ane yamunA baMne dakSiNa-pUrva tarapha che. gujarAtane naMdanavana banAvavAmAM narmadAno phALe amUlya vahIne alAhAbAda pAse maLe che. medAnanI phaLadrupatA vadhAravA mATe baMne sakhIo hAtha milAve che. tyArabAda gaMgA nadI izAvAdI pUrva tarapha vahe che ane baMgalA dezamAM pravezatA pahelA asaMkhya phAMTAomAM vibhAjIta thAya che. gaMgAne vikeNa pradeza barmAnI sauthI prasiddha nadI IrAvAdI che. tenI laMbAI jagatamAM moTAmAM moTo che. tenuM kSetraphaLa Azare 31,880 1200 mAIla jeTalI che. kacina pahADonI uttarethI te nIkaLe corasa mAIla che. gaMgA nadInA medAnamAM mAnava vasavATa mATenI che. ane uttara-dakSiNa vahe che. bhAratanI gaMgA nadI jeTaluM sarva suvidhAo prApta che. AthI ja ahIM vastInI gIcatA ja mahatva barmAmAM irAvadInuM che barmAnI mahatvanI khetapedAze khUba ja che. prativarSa A medAnamAM kAMpa ThalavAyA karatuM hovAthI A nadInA kinAre thAya che. temaja cokhA, sAga ane khanija tenI phaLadrupatA kayAreya ochI thatI nathI. vaLI, samatala medAne tela eka sthaLethI anya sthaLe laI javA A nadI upagI hovAthI vAhana vyavahAranI sagavaDa paNa sArI che. gaMgA nadI banI rahe che. te baMgALanA upasAgarane maLe che te pahelA paNa jaLamArga tarIke upayogI che. vizALa trikoNa pradeza banAve che. barmAnuM mukhya zahera raMgUna brahmaputrA tenA trikoNapradezamAM AveluM che. gaMgAnI jemaja brahmaputrA himAlayamAMthI nIkaLe che. sAdhIna kailAsa parvatanI pUrvamAM tenuM mULa che. himAlayanA pahADI vistAramAM te paDatI AkhaDatI pUrva tarapha AgaLa vadhe che. barmAnI bIjI prasiddha nadI sAvIna che. tenI laMbAI tibeTanA pradezamAMthI te zarUAtamAM vahe che. tyAM tenuM nAma 1750 mAIla jeTalI che. cInamAM AvelA yuvAnanA ucca " sAMgapo" che AsAma pAse te pazcima tarapha vaLAMka le che. pradezamAMthI te nIkaLe che. A nadI barmo mATe eTalI upaAgaLa jatA te gaMgAne maLe che. be mahAna nadIonuM yogI nathI jeTalI irAvadI. te mukhyatve pahADI pradezamAMthI haze. Jain Education Intemational

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smRtisauMdarbha graMtha 369 vahe che. AthI phaLadrupa medAne banAvI zakatI nathI. temaja te uttara-pUrvImAMthI AvIne maLe che. tenI kula laMbAI 2000 trikoNa pradezanI paNa racanA karI zakatI nathI. mAIla che. dajalA ane pharAta 6 irAkanI A nadIe paNa mahatvanI che. te baMne kudIstAnanI pahADIemAMthI nIkaLe che. dajalA pUrva mAnue jyAre phaeNrAta pazcima bAjue che. keTalAka aMtara sudhI te baMne ekabIjAne samAMtara vaDe che, ane tyArabAda eka bIjAnI najIka Ave che. paraMtu pharIthI dUra vahIne kuranADu' pAse ekabIjAne maLe che. tenA saMgamane zata-ala-araba kahe che. A sthaLa parziyana galphathI 120 mAila dUra che. dajalA nahI 1150 mAIla jeTalI laMbAI dharAve che. jyAre pharAta 1800 mAIla lAMbI che. te baMnenI vaccenA pradeza maisA peTamiyAnA nAmathI oLakhAya che. bhAratamAM AvA pradezane doAba kahe che, eseTamiyAne A nadIyA phaLadrupa banAve che. temAMghI nahero dvArA siMcAI karavAmAM Ave che. 4 AMtarika jaLa rAcene maLatI nadIe eziyA kha'DamAM keTalAka nI cANavALA vistAro AvelA che. temAM AsapAsanA vistArAmAM vahetu pANI ekatrita thAya che. jyAre keTalIka nadIe samudra ke mahAsAgara sudhI pahoMcI zake tevI sthitimAM nahI hAvAthI koi raNa pradezamAM ke besina pradezamAM lupta thai jAya che. A nadIemAM helama ane tenI sahAyaka nadIo, joIna nadI, AmU dariyA ane sara dariyA, vAlgA ane yurala temaja IrI mukhya che. helamaMda nadI AphaghAnistAnana madhyabhAga hujhArAmAMthI vahe che. tenI laMbAI 600 mAIla jeTalI che. Ama, te aphadhAnistAnanI sauthI meATI nadI che. te sistAna be sinamAM AvelA haeNnuma-i-helamada nAmanA sAvarane maLe che. amAnistAnanI bIjI nadI che kAkhula. te hiMdukuzanI da.ge vahe che. ane chevaTe raNa-pradezamAM lupta thaI jAya che. jonamAM AvelI vhena nadI paNa AMtiraka sAgarane maLe che, te sAgarane mRta sAgara tarIke eLakhavAmAM Ave che. jorDanamAM zrIjI mahatvanI nadI geranyuka AvelI che. arala sAgara eka mahatva pUrNa jaLAzaya che, temAM pAmIra, altAi ane TI enazAna pavatAmAMthI nIkaLatI nadI vahe che. temAM AmUriyA ane sarariyA agatyanI che. AmU dirayAmAM pAmIramAMthI nIkaLatI anya nAnI nadIe maLe che. AmU dirayA samudra sapATIthI 6550' nI uMcAI e vahe che. ane arala sAgarane dakSiNa bAju ethI AvI ne maLe che. sarakriyA DI ena zAna patA mAMthI nIkaLe che. zarUAtamAM pazcima bAjue vahIne uttara--pazcima tarapha vaLAka le che. ane AmU dirayAne samAMtara vahe che. arala sAgarane vAlgA ane yurala nadIe yurala paryaMtamAMthI nIkaLe che. eka bIjAne samAMtara te mAile sudhI vahe che. ane tyArabAda dakSiNa tarapha vahIne kAspiyana samudrane maLe che. arala sAgaranI pUmAM AvelA khAlkaza sarevaramAM paNa raziyAnI keTalIka nadIe maLe che, jemAM irI mukhya che, te uparAMta turkIstAnanI kijIla ane kAlavIDa nadIe paNa anAToliyAnA ucca pradezamAMthI nIkaLI uttara tarapha vahe che. peAnTika parvatamALAmAMthI mArga karI te AgaLa vadhe che. ane Akhare bleka sIne maLe che. eziyAnA unmata girizikharo ane punita nadIone keTikeDiTa vaMdana. sva. rAvasAheba uttamalAla muLajImAi jAMgalA taraphathI

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370 sAcuM mAnazo? eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 60 x 5=359 60x10=718 dara mahine niyamita rUpiyA 5-00 sTeTa baeNnka oNpha saurASTranA rikariMga DipojhiTa khAtAmAM bacAvavAthI 60 mAsane aMte rUpiyA 359-00 meLavI zakAya * Aje ja amArI koIpaNa zAkhAmAM rikariMga DipeAjhiTa khAtuM khAlAvA ane AkarSaka dare vyAja meLaveA. sTeTa baeNnka oNpha saurASTra heDa ophsi : bhAvanagara 364001 5/7EUR - H

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eziyA samakSanA paDakAro (rAjakIya sthiratA, AdhunIkaraNa ane vikAsa) ne pAraNe prathama sauthI vadhu sthAnI jIvanI hoya te lIka prAcIna sa - zrI pravINa na. zeTha vizvanA itihAsamAM mAnava saMskRtinI prathama saravaNI sauthI vadhu sthAnIya yudhdho khelAyAM hoya, te paNa eziyAmAM eziyAnI dharatImAM phaTI mAnavane saMskRtine pAraNe prathama- gerilA yudha, sazastra baLa, 'mahelanI krAnti" (Palace vAra jhUlAvanAra keTalIka prAcIna saMskRti Aje paNa koya Coup), lazkarI baLa, AMtarika uthalapAthala, sazastra sAmyajIvanI hoya te te eziyAmAM ane chatAMya vizva saMskRtinA vAdI daramiyAnagIrI AMtaravigraha, rAjAzAhI ke zekhazAhInuM vinAza mATenAM sauthI vadhu vizleTa kendro paNa Aje te patanaAvA aneka svarUpe eziyA sphoTaka paristhitino sAmane eziyAnI dharatI para jovA maLe che. vIsamI sadIne uttarArdha karI rahyuM che. bIjA vizvayuddha pachI sauthI vadhu praNAlI -gata eziyAne yuga kahevAya che. ane tene gayA dazakA ane ke sthAnika yudhe paNa ahIMja khelAyAM che. paNa A badhAmAM atyArano siterIne dazake e eziyA mATe vikAsane yuga eziyAi dezanI samagra prajAne ane tenA rajIdA jIvanane kahevAya che. A vikAsanA yugamAM eziyA ke kArya dekhAva paze tevI kaI ghaTanA hoya te te tenI sAmAjIka-Arthika Performance) karI zake che, tenA para eziyAi dezAnA asthiratAnI, khUba nIcuM javana dheraNa, garIbInI rekhA nIce bhAvi ane khuda eziyAmAM tathA jagatamAMnI sthiratAne jIvatA ardha vikasita samAjomAM asaMtoSa ane haDatALa; adhAra raheze. dekhAva ane maracAo, prajAkIya vizleTa ane sattA taMtra sAmenA prazna -A badhuM Adhunika, sAMprata-kAlIna eziyAnI kaSTapUrNa vAstavikatA che. AnuM kAraNa e che ke jagatanA badhA dharmonuM janmasthaLa eziyA, vasatI 1,75 abaja ane bhUmi vistAra A prazno eziyAmAM thaI rahela AdhunikaraNa ane 17 lAkha co. mA.nI daSTie paNa badhA khaMDamAM sauthI moTo vikAsanA prayAsa sAthe paNa saMkaLAyelA che. AdhunIkaraNa che. pRthvIne 13 bhUmibhAga ane vizvanI 2/3 bhAganI ardhavikasita dezane vikAsanI dizAmAM laI javA mATenI eka vasatI eziyAmAM che. vizvanA sauthI moTA dezo, gIca vasatI sarvasvazI prakriyA che. te praNAlIgata samAjamAM AdhunikatA vALA deze paNa sauthI vizeSa eziyAmAM AvelA che. lazkarI ApavAnI saMghaTanA che. udyogIkaraNa, zaherIkaraNa, zikSaNa zaktinI daSTie jagatamAM trA naMbare AvatuM A sattA sudhAra ane zikSaNa vikAsa saMparka saMvahana mAdhyamene vikAsa, cIna ane lazkarI vyavasthAtaMtranI dRSTi zuM AvatuM bhArata Arthika vikAsanA daramAM vRddhi, rASTrIya AvakanA pramANamAM A khaMDamAM che, te jagatanA sauthI garIba, mAthA dITha Avaka vadhArA sAthIdATha AvakamAM vadhAro, navIna paddhati ane sAdhane ane rASTrIya upAThananI dRSTie sauthI nIcu stare rahelA dvArA kheta ane audyogika utpAdanamAM vadhAre A badhAM barmA ke bhArata jevA deze paNa ahIMja che. eziyAnI mAthA AdhunIkaraNa ane vikAsanA nidezake che. dITha Avaka (vArSika 50 Dolara ) AphrikAnI sarerAza karatAMya [2]. nIcI che ? khuda AMtara rASTrIya sAmyavAdInI praNAlIne paDakAra ApatA lAla cInane rASTravAda, temaja rASTravAdane samAja ne bIjA vizvayuddha pachI pazcimanAM zAhIvAdI rAjyoe vikAsa ane astitva mATe prANarUpa gaNanAra mAo uparAMta eziyA-AphrikAmAnAM temanAM saMsthAne cheDyA, tyAre jApAna mahAtmA gAMdhI, suka, ho cI minDa, nAsara, bena gurIena ane cIna e be deze ja svataMtra hatA. bAkInAM saMsthAne va. rASTravAdanA daDha ane asarakAraka abhivyakitakAra ane jyAre briTana, phrAnsa holenDa va. e svataMtratA ApI tyAre uddagAtA paNa eziyAmAMthI prakaTa thayA che. bhArata jevA apavAda sivAyanA dezamAM udyogIkaraNa mATe samakhAvA pUratoya pAye nakhAyo nahote moTAM kArakhAnAne chatAM vIrAmI sadInA A uttarArdhamAM koI paNa khaMDamAM mile, mAlanI heraphera mATenuM vAhana vyavahAranuM nimnataMtra asthiratA vadhAre pramANamAM vartAI hoya te te paNa eziyAmAM tyAre nakhAyuM nahotuM. te pachI je te dezomAM Avela rASTrIya 1. rAja zAstranA rIDa2, same ja vidyA bhavana, gujarAta sarakAroe vyavasthita udyogIkaraNanIne Arthika vikAsanI ke yunivarsiTI, amadAvA. AyeAjIta arthataMtra dvArA Arthika vikAsanI nIti apanAvI. Jain Education Intemational

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372 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 bhAre ane pAyAnAM udyoge nAkhyA. udyogo mATenA pAyAnA Ave che. mAthA dITha Avaka, rASTrIya Avaka ( GNP) ane nimnataMtro rasAyaNe, khanIja, vIjaLI jevuM baLataNuM. va. rASTrIya utpAdananI dRSTri e amerikA, pazcima jarmanI, raziyA vikasAvavAno prayatna karyo. paNa haju cIna, bhAratamAM gesa, ke svIDana sAthe barobarI karI zake tema che. hevI kemikala kela, vIjaLI, (aNuzaktinI vAta javA daIe.) tharmala udyoga. IlekaTro nikasa, vidyutazakti, yAMtrika utpAdano va zakti va. baLataNunI achata rahI che. malAyA, silena, va. pAyAnI audyogika jarUriyAte aMge te raziyA karatAM paNa dezamAM haju mukhyatve rabara ke cA para phAlatAM bagIcAo AgaLa che ane TrAnjhIsTarathI mAMDIne TelIvijhana ane TomeTo para arthataMtra , Plantation Economy) nabhe che. barmA, (moTara kAra ) nI bAbatamAM amerikAne pAchaLa pADI dIdhuM che thAIlenDa, InveneziyA va. mAM hajI pradhAnata : cekhAnA ne khuda amerikAe A jApAnIjha pedAze AyAta karavI paDe utpAdana para tyAMnuM arthataMtra (Rice-roots economy) che. ahIM ApelA kaThAmAM pasaMda karelA keTalAka dezanA nirbhara che. ane vizvanI 30 TakA uparAMtanI khanIja telane vikAsaka eka namUnA tarIke upayogI lekhAze. ja pazcima eziyAnA Araba rAjyanI dharatImAM chalachala bharyo che. tene kAraNe tyAM temanuM artha kAraNu ( sAthe temanuM A hakIkatanI eka bIjI bAju paNa che. vizva benkanA rAjakANu ) ja mukhyatve IrAka, kuvaita, siriyA va. dezane pramukha mekanAmArAe batAvyuM che tema A pradezamAM garIbAI nabhAve che. Ama arthaprathAnA vikAsa mATe je vividhIkaraNa nI rekhA nIce lagabhaga 40 % leke jIve che jemane piTiyuM ke utpAdana vaividhya ( Diversified eectionnie Srit. paNa nathI maLatuM vaLI eziyAmAM vasatI vadhArAne dara ure) hevuM joIe, te hAMsala karavAne prazna tene mUMjhave che. trAsajanaka kahevAya eTale UMce che. ane temAMya garIbanI rekhA tathA kuTuMba vistAra ke vaMzavRdhdhi vacce sIdhe vaLI khuda eziyAmAM paNa deza deza vacce Athika evo saMbaMdha hovAthI, ati garIba prajAmAM ja vadhAro thAya zakita ane vikAsanA AMkanI dRSTie ke AdhunIkaraNanI dRSTie che. AmAM je te dezanA zAsake potAnA rAjakIya prayukitanI khUba khUba aMtara 2halAM che. dAtaH gayA dazakAmAM jApAna 11, dachie vane ApI, AzA jamAvI, temane rAjakIya rIte 479 ki. va. vIjaLI utpanna karatuM hatuM, te barmA mAtra sabhAna kare che. temanI apekSA vadhe che, ane te saMtoSavAnI 38 ka. vi. InDoneziyA 1 081 ki. . ( A sAme pazcima zakita A dezanI rAjaya prathA ke artha prathAmAM nahi hoya jamanI 1,00,000 ki.vo ane seviyeta raziyA, 2950 yAre zAMti ane sthiratAnA gaMbhIra prazno ubhA thAya te 74, amerikAnI te vAta ja javA daIe. ) kAcA lokhaMDanI svAbhAvika che. vAta karIe te jApAna 22138 meTrika Tana kAcuM lokhaMDa utpanna karatuM hatuM ane tenAthI aneka gaNuM moTu cIna 18450 maTrikaTana. jyAre pazcima jarmanI 34000 meTrika Tana ane zubhecchA pAThave che raziyA 65000 meTrika Tana ijharAyela806 meTrika Tana simenTa, cIna 12500 meTrika Tana, bhArata 7812, meTrika Tana, InDa ne ziyA 387 meTrika Tana, te IrAka 487 meTrika Tana vicAra ane mAhitInAM mAdhyama ane zikSaka jevA AdhunI karaNanAM nirdezakanI daSTie to vicArIe to IjharAyela dara hajAre 194 vyakitao pAse raDiye che, cInamAM 10 vyakti pAse, bhAratamAM 4 mANasa pAse, IjharAyela mAM 198 pAse, IneziyAmAM 9 ane irAkamAM 14 vyakita pAse jApAna te drAnjhIsTara, TeparekeDara ane TelIvijhana khuda amerikAmAM nikAsa kare che. chApAMnI dRSTie, jApAnamAM dara hajAre 398 mANase chApAM vAMce che. ijharAyelamAM 210, cInamAM 47, bhAratamAM 20, InDoneziyAmAM 20 te irAkamAM 10 mANaso Ama kare che. akSarajJAnanuM pramANu vicArIe to jApAnamAM pa1 anupama ane IjharAyelamAM 86 TakA jeTaluM che. cInamAM 35 0 0 mAnavamaMdira reDa bhAratamAM 32 00 ane IrAkamAM 42 00 jeTaluM che. rASTrIya vAlakezvara AvakanI dRSTie joIe te cInanI 116 abaja Dolara, muMbaI bhAratanI 59,2 abaja Dolara ane IrAkanI 1,6 abaja Dolara. jApAnanuM vizvanA pahelAM traNa agrIma rAjyamAM sthAna che zrI Ara. DI. zAha Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha ne , rovijhA viDa vo tulanAtmaka loko ne 4. vArSika | mAthA dI) heThA! miTara saMtI. kSara rAjya mAthAdITha | vArSika kula | Arthika gRha pedAza | vikAsano e dA. vasatI - kherAka { rUma dITha | dapa ! reDiyo | DekaTara | . eka meTara (dara . ( ra ) (dara | dITha keTalA hajAre) hajAre) | mANasa jJAna (G D P)| dara | dara kelarI | vyakitao barmA 37 2,1 11,8. 495 bhArata | 2,4 [ 2110 2, | 72 " t| InDoneziyA | 34,8 ] 395 philipAInsa da. viyetanAma || 13 37,4 siriyA yu. e. Ara | 5 | 2930 | 1 2 - | 18 227. 37:

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374 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 mizra biyAraNa para khetInA sapanA nA A zahero tarapha dhasAro vadhyo che. zaheramAM TelIvijhana, sinemA ane sAmAjIka svataMtratA nI kaLAze temaja kArakidI vikAsanI A badhAMne kAraNe eziyAnA arthakaraNamAM ke samagra vizeSa takane kAraNe gAmaDAMnA yuvAne mATe zahere AkarSaNa rAjyaprathAmAM sthiratA AvatI nathI. dA. ta. udhogIkaraNa sAthe rUpa banI gayA che. je dezamAM agAu mAtra 5% thI 10% A pachAta samAjamAM majUravarga vaLe; majura saMgaThane ane vasatI zaheromAM vasatI hatI, tyAM 15 thI 30% vasatI temanAM AMdolana vadhyAM, mUDIvAdI zeSaNa sAmenI sama zaheramAM kendrita thaI che. A sAthe ja zaheromAM vasAvaTane, natA ane sAmAjIka nyAya mATenI Arthika rIte pachAta vargonI sAmAjIka ane naitika svAsthane, ane zAMti tathA sthiratAnAmAgaNI ugra ane tejIlI banatI jAya che, ane tene kAraNe -kAyado ane vyavasthAnI jALavaNI nA prazno vadhyA che ane eziyAnA udyogIkRta thatA samAjamAM vadhune vadhu prazna nagara taMtra ane sarakAranI kSamatAnI bahAra jatA jAya ane visphoTo jovA maLe che. che. kuAmAM lupura, nAgAsAkI, Tokiye, jAkAta, bagadAdA, kheta utpAdana ane kheta-udyogonI bAbatamAM paNa bIrata, DhAkA, karAMcI, kela, dilhI, muMbaI, kalakattA vagere. keTalAka dezee sArI evI pragati karI che. dA. ta. vaivAnamAM zaheromAM ja nahi, madhyama kakSAnA nagaromAM paNa tyAM nI cokhAnA sudhArelA biyAe lagabhaga kheta kAnti sarjI che. 25% thI 40% vasatI jhUMpaDa paTTI (slamsa) ke phUTapAtha para ane tyAM kheta-utpAdana ane samagra rIte rASTrIya Avaka jIvatI hoya che. drAma, basa, para asalAmata sthitimAM leke raMgAtA-laTakAtAM musApharI kare che. vyaktinuM samAjathI vimukhIvRddhine dara AzcaryakAraka rIte uMce game che. thAIlenDa bhArata vagere "tavAna bI ene upaga karatA thaI gayA che. khuda karaNa (Alianation , thatuM jAya che. zaheramAM corI, lUMTa, audyogita jApAne A dizAmAM noMdhapAtra pragati karI che. khUna, gharaphADa, hulaDonA pramANa ane prakAre vadhatA jAya che. bhAratanA ane thAIlenDanA keTalAka pradezamAM hariyALI kAntinI vadhatA jatA zikSita bekAronI saMkhyA temane navuM ja parimANu saphaLatA e khAtara, sudhArelA mizra biyAraNa, jaLa-yaMtra ApavA mAMDyA che. lakhanaumAM yunivarsiTInA makAne bALavA, rAjasthAnamAM tenI ophise kaje karavI, TokimAM bhISaNa vijJAna, TrekaTara, navIna kheta-paddhati, vagere dvArA khetInA sarSanRtya" nA AMdalane dvArA amerikA sAthenI nIti para thayelA AdhunIkaraNanuM mahattva siddha karyuM che. saMsthAnavAdanA samayathI vanaspatimAM ke jamInamAMthI sarve kADhavAnA udyogamAM asara pADe che. jAkArtAmAM sukanenI nItine vyApaka Teko ApavA (jevA ke malAyAmAM TIna, inDoneziyAmAM ne malAyAmAM rabara, dekhAva karavA te pachI teneja padayuta karavA mATe jaMgI relI bhArata silenamAM cA, kephI)ne rASTrIya sarakAre e ThIka ThIka karavI, sukImAM sarakAra badalavI, silenamAM baLavo kara, pragati karI batAvI che. chatAMya haju eziyAI dezono taLa- kalakattA mAM khUnarejI calAvavI, AvI te aneka ghaTanAo pado kheDUta samAja jIvana nirvAha mATe haju mAMDa pUratA evA A bAbatamAM yAda karI zakAya. pariNAme zahere pahelAM jevA kheta-prakAra para AdhAra rAkhe che. ane AthI bhAratamAM naka svagIya jaNAtA nathI paNa cintA, kaleza ane anizcitatAnA salavAdIo ane girijana, madhyajhenamAM jesa silena, mAnava kendro banyAM che. A prazno vize ghaNI eziyAI InDoneziyAmAM DI. ena. aidIta, philipAInsamAM chUka-bamA sarakAre saciMta hoya te paNa kriyAzIla nathI. cIna AmAM hakane Atyantika upadra haju nAmazeSa thayA nathI; paNa apavAdarUpa che. tyAM udyoganuM vikendrIkaraNa karIne, zahero kadAca vadhu paDakArone ochAyArUpa banI gayA che. kAraNa jApAna taraphanA mAnava pravAhane khALI ne kamyuna prathAnA amala dvArA ane tevAna sivAya kaI dezamAM lekazAhI rIte vyApaka ane ane kaDaka niyamanathI zaheramAM vasavATa, svAcya, vAtAvaraNanA vAstavika jamIna sudhArA dvArA praNAlIgata, sAmaMtazAhI bhUmi jherI karaNa temaja vAhanonI bhIDanA praznone ugra banavA dIdhA prathAmAM pragatizIla parivartana lAvI zakAyuM nathI ne malAyA nathI. paNa baMdha (Closed ) sama mukhatyAra zAhI rAjya prathAne tema ja siMgApora sivAya, grAmINa vasavATa ejanA dvArA maLatA lAbha ke agra varga netAonA A bAbatanA samyaka karoDa grAma vistAranA vasavATa ane rojagAranA prazno hala dakhridarzana jApAnathI mAMDIne lebenanA zaherI zAsakavargo A baMnethI vaMcita che ne tene kAraNe AdhunIkaraNanA eka pAMsA karavAnA saphaLa prayAsa thayA nathI. AthI ghaNuM nAnA kheDUte ane khetamajUronA AMdolana temaja krAMti dvArA cInamAM mAo evA zaherIkaraNanA lAbha sAthe upara kahelA geralAbha ane e siddha karela cenAnanI anubhava siddha ghaTanA ( yenal praznothI eziyAI samAja vyasta rahevAno che. bIjIbAju zaheromAM nAgarika suvidhA ane manaraMjananAM Adhunikatama Syndrome )nuM potAnA dezamAM punarAvartana karavAnI AzA rAkhatA hoya te navAI nahi. sAdhana tathA rejagAranI takonA pramANamAM gAmaDAM ghaNAM pAchaLa che, tene kAraNe rAhera ane gAmaDAM vaccenuM aMtara te raheja tevuM ja zaherIkaraNanI bAbatamAM bhArata, silona, InDo- che. tevIja rIte zaherI agravargo ane grAmIjI Ama janatA neziyA, pAkistAna, irAka vagere dezamAM vadhatI jatI vasatIne (Mass ) vaccenA aMtarane prazna paNa prAdezikatanAvanA khetIne jamIna na bhAvI zake tema na hovAthI rejI mATe kAraNabhUta rahe che. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 375 AvuMja zikSaNanA AMkamAM thayela vRdhdhi tathA vAhana zakAya, yA te tene ochI karIne sahya maryAdAmAM rAkhI zakAya. ane saMparkanAM, Ama samUhamAM pahoMcavA mATe nA madhyamenI pITara liyAne batAvelA A mAge che. bAbatamAM zikSaNamAM thayela vikAsa sAthe eziyAne mAnavI (1) mahAsattao pite paraspara samajutI dvArA pote sAmAjIka, Arthika, rAjakIya bAbatothI vadhu sabhAne ane saMyama batAvIne A pradezanI azAMti ane asthiratAmAM mAhitagAra banyA che. khetInA AdhunIkaraNanA pATha te chApelAM vadhAre nahi karavAnuM svIkAre Araba ijharAyela saMbaMdhonI sAhitya ke TrAnjhIsTara reDiyo para AvatA vArtAlApathI, bAbatamAM videzI Arthika sahAya dvArA paNa IrAnane be TI. vI ke karSi vardhaka pradarzano ( demonstrations ) te abajane lazkarI zastra saraMjAma ApIne amerikAe pazcima dvArA te zIkhe che. AvA mAdhyamanI asarane kAraNe kuTuMba eziyA ane bhAratIya upakhaMDamAM asthiratAnA bIja vAvyAM nijananI AvazyakatA sAmene A praNAlIgata samAjano che. brejhanevanI "eziyAnI sAmUhika salAmatI"nI yojanA mAnasika pratikAra ane sAmAjIka dhArmika graMthi have ogaLavA paNa cIna ane jApAnanA TekA vinA apUrNa ja rahe. jApAna. mAMDyA che. paNa "TrAnjhIsTara seTa, sAyakala ke sthAnika basane maleziyA; (pazcima yuropa ane mArzala janA)nAM dRSTAMta kAraNe tenA zarIra uparAMta mananI gati ne gatizIlA paNa AgaLa tarI Ave che. paNa videzI sarakAranA rAjakIya varcavadhI che. tene kAraNe sAmAjIka taralatA (mobility ) ane svane ane khAnagI videzI kaMpanIonA eziyAI dezanA rAjakIya sahaga ( Participation ) nA pramANamAM paNa arthakAraNanI pakaDa aMgenA prazno A sAthe hala thavA joIe. vadhAro thayo che." enI sAthe ja prajAkIya apekSAnA dhodha chatAMya khuda uttara viyetanAma tenA kaTTara zatru amerikA pAsethI pravAhamAM paNa joza AvyuM che. apekSAonA A vizALa Arthika vikAsa ane punarracanA mATe sahAya lenAra che, te yAda pravAha ane dhadha pravAha sAmenA ceka-Dema, baMdha ane pUle karavuM ghaTe mekanAmArAe bhalAmaNa karI che tema ane trIjA bAMdhavA no paDakAra eziyAnI athe prathAone rAjya prathAone vizvanA rASTroe jaNAvyuM che tema vikasita dezoe temanI kula thayo che. temAM mAtra kezI nadIne pUla bhAkharAnAMgala jevA rASTrIya pedAzano eka Take vikAsakSama dezone Apa joIe. prayAse ja pUratA thaI paDaze nahi. paNa mega jevI (2) rAjakIya musaddI dvArA eziyAI dezo paraspara jaLapravAhane nAthavAnI, siMcAInI ane pracaMDa vidyuta zakitanI saMdharSane kAraNe garIba dezanI keTalI badhI Avaka zastra mahAyojanAo karavI joIze. A karavA mATe jarUrI samAdhAna saraMjAma pAchaLa kharce che. jApAnathI virodhI daSTAMtarUpa vRtti, pariNAma gAmitA, aDhaLaka nANuM, Tekanikala jANakArI sukanuM InDoneziyA, (pAkistAna, cIna jevAmAM te tyAMnA ane badhAne AjI, saMkalita karIne teno amala karavAnI | GNPno moTo bhAga saMrakSaNa pAchaLa kharcAya che) tenI saMcAlana zakita eziyAI zAsaka Agravargo batAvI zakaze viphaLatA samajIne paraspara samajutI kare. simalA karAra tema kharA ! je rIte bhArata, pAkistAna, IrAna, IrAka, inDoneziyA vagere dezanA rAjakIya zAsaka agravargo tyAMnA bahujana samAja ja bhArata-pAkistAnabAMglAdeza vacce mAnaviya bhUmikA para nAgarikenI heraphera aMge thayelA samajutI A dizAnuM paheluM ke AmajanatAthI dUra rahyA che, te jotAM A prazna aMgenuM pagaluM banI zake. ekamekanA sahakAra ane samAdhAnathI samagra vAstavika darzana paNa temane thatuM haze ke nahi, te praznArtha yuddhanI tAMDava bhUmine zAMtinI samRddha bhUmi banAvI zakAya tenuM daSTAMta mekIMga nadInI cejanA che. viyetanAmamAM ne ke be DiyAmAM zAMti pachI A karoDa DolaranI A yojanA amalamAM eziyAI dezonuM citra ciMtAjanaka che. paNa AzA mUkAya te kamboDiyA, lAosa, thAIlenDa, viyeTanAma, malayechoDI devA jevuM nathI. dA. ta. sAmAnya eziyana nAgarikanI ziyA ane InDoneziyAnA khetarane bAre mAsa sIcI vaparAzI cIjavastuomAM plAsTikathI mAMDIne TrAnjhIsTara vagere zakAya, tyAMnA bhayaMkara pUra saMkaTone nivArI zakAya, tathA vastuono umero thayo che. gayA dazakAmAM dakSiNa ane agni temAMthI utpanna thatI lAkho ki, vo. vIjaLIthI khetayaMtro. eziyAmAM gayA dazakAmAM Arthika vikAsane dara 4% thI 6% udyoga ane vAhana vyavahArane calAvI zakAya vadhe che. ane Aja pradezamAM keTalAka deze temanA audyo- (3) saMyukta vyApAra-udyoganI sthApanA dvArA : mekAMga gika dara to 6-5% thI 8-5% sudhI laI gayA che. A siddhi yojanA agnieziyAmAM AMtara-eziyana sahakAra drArA noMdhapAtra che. ane eziyAI prajA mATe vizvAsa janmAve samRddhinuM moDala banI zake ane teja rIte paraspara tevI haMphALI che. jApAna, vaivAna va. mAM jamIna sudhArA dvArA upayogI ane pUraka mAlapedAze aMge AyAta-jakAtanA ghaNI sArI kRSi-pragati thaI zakI che. bhAratanAM keTalAMka avadhe kADhI nAkhIne, vyAra vRddhi dvArA, videzI calaNa rAjyamAM Adhunika kheta paddhati dvArA Ama thaI zakayuM che. kamAI zakAya. bhArata-bAMglAdeza-pAkistAnamAM paNa keTalAka pherauparAMta bIjA keTalAka mArgo apanAvAya te paNa paristhiti phAro sAthe judA prakAranA "mana mAkeTa"nA prayoga thaI zake, para sAro e kAbU meLavI zakAya, ane azAMti dUra karI (4) prAdezika sahakAranAM saMgaThana dvArA eziyana Jain Education Intemational

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376 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga-2 vikAsa benka (ADB) ane yunenA phuDa ane egrIklacarala sAmyavAdI cIne A banAvI ApyuM che. jApAna, IjharAyela AgenAIzana (FAO) nA daSTAMta agni ane pazcima paNa rASTravAdI abhimukhatA ane Arthika vikAsa vacce rahelA eziyAmAM khetIne sudhArela biyAraNa, khAtara navIna kheta sIdhA saMbaMdhanA purAvArUpa dezo che. padhdhati, sAmUhika vikAsa yojanA vagere dvArA kheta vikAsa sAdhI zakAya. temaja udyogo mATe jarUrI nANAkIya-Tekanika hAya maLI zake, tenA daSTAM che. e zayAmAM veta kAntinA saphaLa pratIka zI amUla DerI yunisephanI sahAyanuM daSTAMta che. eziyAI dezomAM AdhunikaraNane lIdhe je paDakAro Aja pramANe eziyana opha sAutha-isTa eziyana UbhA thAya che te uparAMta bIjA keTalAMka paribaLe A paDanezanjha ( ASEAN) pAsiphika vistAranA jApAna, philipAI kArone vadhu ugra banAve che. AvA paribaLomAM mahAttAonI sa vagerenuM AspAka (ASPAC), AsA (AS 1 ) vagerene daramiyAnagIrI, sahAya ane hitasaMdha ( viyetanAma, bhArata vizeSa kAryakSama ane vyApaka banAvI zakAya. pAkistAna, IrAna), vecArika saMgharSa ( uttara koriyA, uttara viyetanAma-dakSiNa viyetanAma, sAmyavAdI bUho (malAyA, (pa) leka-lake vaccenI maitrI ane samajutI dvArA philipAinsa, silena koDiyA ) dhArmika, komI ane jAtika paraspara pracAra ane gata peDhInA manasyane kAraNe hAkemAM sAmAjIka vaimanasA bhArata, silenamAM siMhAlIjha prazna, eka mekanA deza mATe je viparIta ane virodhI mAgaNIo IrAna, tuka, IrAkano kudIstAna ke pAki-aphaghAnIstAnane te dUra karIne dA.ta. uttara koriyA ane dakSiNa pannIstAnane prazna, Araba vi. IjharAyela agni ezikeyiAmAM lekanI lAgaNInA dabANe aMzata ; zatru vaTa ochI yAnA dezamAM cInI laghumatIne prazna kAvatrApArI (barmAmAM karavAmAM phALo Ape che. mAMga yejanA, * SEAN vagerenA ke cIna ane kArena baLavAkhora vagere AvI jAya che. upaanubhavo dvArA paraspara najIka AvI ne leke ekabIjAne rAMta ghaDI che. zAMti vinAnA ? prazno samaje. praNAlIgata zatru graMthi egaLIne ghaNuM Arthika jAherAta vinAnAM yuddho pesTiAinanI trAsavAdI pravRtti ane ane rAjakIya prazno te sarakhA ne samAna che te badhA saMyu- IjharAyela prati AkramaNa ), TekA vinAnAM joDANe (sIATomAM pta rIte ja tene hala karI zake ema samaje to A dezamAM pAkiravAna), vAskevika jUthavAdI svarUpavALI apakSa nIti eka vidhAyaka ane vaijJAnika vAtAvaraNa UbhuM thai zake. cIna (kaDiyA, silena, yu. e Ara ) vagere A ajapA ane jApAna, bhArata ane pAkistAna, IjharAyela ane jerDana ane azAMti yukta paristhitine vadhupheTaka banAve che. Ama A che batamAM eka vakhata malayeziyAne cagadI nAkhavA lazkarI eziyAI dezomAM AMtarika nignamALakhAMo (InfratAkAta vadhArIne taiyAra thayelA sukanA InDoneziyAe have stru tures) temaja AMtara rASTrIya pariniveza ane saMdarbha zakha sAnI AgevAnI nIce malayeziyA ne siMgApora ( Etirctinental Coti text) bane aneka prakAranA prazno sAthe apanAvela Arthika rIte upakAraka sahakArI mItionA ubhA kare che temAM eziyAnA praNAlIgata samAjamAM AdhudaSTAMtane anusarI zake. nikatAnA tatvano saMcAra thatAM tenI sAmeno praNAlIgata hine batAvelA uparanA dareka mArgonI kAryasAdhakatAnI paribaLAnA pratyAghAtane lIdhe A samAjamAM aneka vamaLe. maryAdA che, chatAM te badhA ekamekanA anuparaka banI zake te ane ghumarIo jovA maLe che. A badhAM keTalIkavAra te je svIkAravuM rahyuM. te rASTro mATe rAjya-nirmANa (state-huijing) rASTra nirmANa (m:ntibi bui ding leka sahaga ane hissedArI uparanA mArgo ochevatte aMze asthiratAne janma Participation) ane vaheMca tathA kalyANanI kaTokaTI ApanAra AMtararASTrIya pariniza para kAbU meLavI ne tene ubhI kare che. gya vidhAyaka AkAra ApIne temA ja upaga je te deza mATe Arthika vikAsa ane zAMtinA prayAsa mATe karavA aMge AvI jaTila, bahavidha ane bahustarIya Apattio, che. chatAM A prayAsane samagra beja te je te dezanA zAsaka kaTokaTIe. ane paDakArone hala karavA mATe ke saraLa ke vargoe AMtarika zakti ane kSamatA vadhArIne ja uThAve sAmAnya upAya maLato nathI. dAtaH -kei eka prakAranI paDaze. ane A mATe je te prajAnI rASTrIya bhAvanAne rAjya prathA ja AvA ukelane saraLa banAve tema kahI zakAya sayukitaka upayoga karavo paDaze. "eziyana DAmanA" vidvAna nahi. bhAratamAM lekazAhI rAjyaprathA lAMbA samayathI TakI rahI lekhaka gunnAra maDala mAne che teo rASTravAda eziyAmAM che, paNa tenA Arthika prazno ane tenI sAthe vadhela prajAya nabaLe nathI paDI gayo. kharekhara to hajuya tene ajaMpAnI hakIkata khyAlamAM rAkhavA jevI che. saramukhatyAra vikasAvIne tene yogya AkAra ane vaLAMka ApIne zAhI prathA (pAkistAna, 1958-68) mAM ThIka ThIka sthiratA lekasahayoga ane prajAkIya purUSArtha dvArA Ama thaI ane vikAsa thayA che. paNa teya alpajIvI nIvaDyA che. ane Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 377 Araba rAjyamAM saramukha tyA zAhI pramukha ayubakhAna jeTalI siddhi paNa batAvI zakAya nathI. bagalAda, damAskasa jevI " rAjyanI rAjadhAnImAM zerIomAM Teka utArI devAthI kaMI vastuta: te A saphaLa moDelomAM kesa (bhArata) ke khetaramAM anAja ne pAka vadhArI zakAto nathI " lazkarI libarala DemokreTika pakSa (jApAna) jevI prabaLa ane prabhAvI zAsanataMtra InDoneziyA jevA dezomAM rAjakIya sthiratA Arthika pakSa saMsthA UbhI thai zakI che. tyAM rAjakIya sthiratA AvI vikAsa, AdhunIkaraNa ane rASTra nirmANanA prazno DIka pramANamAM che, jemAM kibulDa, malAva jevI sahakArI sAmUhika leka saMsthAo ukelI zakahyuM che, paNa Araba rAjyomAM irAka, siriyA, cemena (IjharAya.) nimai che. tyAM paNa sthiratA ane vikAsa siddha vagere dezomAM lazkarI ke mahelanI kAntine kAraNe AvuM khAsa thaI zakyA che. paNa AvI uMDA tema ja vizALa pAyAvALI sidhdha thaI zakayuM nathI. samAjavAdI ke sAmyavAdI arthaprathA ane sakSama saMsthAonuM nirmANa ke saMsthIkaraNa (Insti vize paNa ekaMdare jyAM sthiratA ane noMdhapAtra Arthika vikAsa tutionalist: on )nI prakriyA jyAM saMdra rahyA che, tyAM sthithaye che e dezo ( japAna, malayeziyA, siMgAporamAM leka- rastA ane vikAsa svapnavat rahyA che. zAhI rAjya pradhA ane kaMIka vinItavAdI (libarala) artha prathAnuM yogya saMjana thaI zakayuM che, tyAM ke lekazAhI ane samAjavAdI prathAonA samanvaya thai zake che tyAM (i:3rAyelamAM neTa, majUra pakSa, mapAI, histAduta, kibutra ane Ama eziyAI dezanA agravargo (Elites) samakSa mezA saMsthAo) sthiratA sAthenA parivartana ane pragatinA vikAsanA moDalanI pasaMdagI kaI aMgenA vikalpa te che ja dhyeya siddha thaI zakyA che. cInamAM tenI viziSTa paristhitine paNa vikalpa saraLa ke sahaja svIkArya yA to vyavahArakSama kAraNe sthiratA AvI che. ( a yAra sudhI te eka ja ezi- nathI ane AthI dareka pitAnA viziSTa sAmAjIka-Arthika yAI deza che jayAM tana rASTra tarIkenA janmathI mAMDIne TocanI nimnamALakhAnI upayogitA ke kAryasAdhakatA ane rAjakIya kakSAe eka ja netAne prabhAva rahyo che ) paNa tyAM Arthika saMskRtine dhyAnamAM laIne uparanA maDalenAM keTalAMka tane vikAsanA mahatvanA prazno haju ukalyA nathI; eTaluM ja nahe, apanAvI potAnA dezanI viziSTatA potAnI jarUyiyAta, mAo ane cAu ena lAIne bAda karatAM ghaNAM ucca kakSAnA kSamatA ane paristhitine khyAlamAM rAkhIne rAjakIya sthiratA netAo tathA sAmyavAdI pakSa, lazkara, 8 hIvaTItaMtra ane sara- temaja sAmAjIka Arthika parivartananI samatulA UbhI karavAnI kAranAM ucca sthAne para besanAra mavaDIo (kAo, phenga, raheze. liyu ane lina jevA) kuMkAI gayA che. ane AthI tyAM vastuta : sthiratA paNa judA ja prakAranI rahI che ema kahI A pravarga .ziyA pAse che! vadhatI jatI prajAzakAya. AthI cIna jevA jagatanA eka sIdhI "ba dha" ane kIya apekSAne vadhavA dIdhA vinA tene saMtoSavA mATenI jAhera rIte khAnagI evA samAjanI rAjakIya ane sArthaka pitAnI prathAnI kSamatA (Capalitities) vikasAvavA mATe prathAnuM meDala bIjA eziyAI deza mATe keTaluM svIkArya jhaDapa karavAnI jarUra te samajaze? vadhatI jatI apekSA ane bane ta vivAdAspada che. bIjI bAju AdhunIkaraNanI bAbatamAM tene saMtApavAnI maryAdita kSamatAnA Alekhe vaccenuM aMtara cIna karatAM jApAnane anubhava to taddana judo hate. paNa vadhe ne te phAntikArI ghaTanAone janma Ape te pahelAM zuM teNeya sthiratA AthI paNa japAnanuM meDala te dhANuM ja thaI zakaze ? khuda bhArata, pAkistAna, IrAna ke thAIlenDanA Adarza " gaNAya; kAraNa jApAnanA samRddha TekanolojIkala agravargomAM pitAnAmAM A saMdarbhane vAstavika khyAla che nimnamALakhA ane AdhunIkaraNanI uMcI mAtrA tathA sthira khare! te aMge pratibaddhatA ane rUzvatakhorIthI mukta evuM praNAlIgata samAja prathAno samanvaya bIjA dezomAM bhAgye pramANika cAritrya che kharuM ! prazno eTalA jaTila che ke teno ja jovA maLe che. Ama eziyAnA moTA bhAganA nAnAM ke hala karavA ke saraLane narama vikalpa nathI; paNa hiMmata nabaLAM rAte mATe bhArata, cIna ke pAnane meDala lAge pUrvaka daDhane jalada vikalpa ( Hard options ) apanAvavA eTalA sahelA nathI. nAnakaDA IjharAyelanuM meDala eziyAI paDaze. te mATe ApaNA zAsaka agravargomAM hiMmata paNa che prAnI tvarita samAnatA ane vikAsa mATenI jhaMkhanA mATe kharI ! A netAo lokonA Teke meLavavA mATe rAjakAraNane AkarSaka che, paNa tene prerate tene etihAsika saMdarbho, rASTriya je mahatva Ape che. tene badale vikAsa kAraNane mahatva ApaastitvanA paDakAra dvArA maLeluM baLa, eka vIryavAna, jIjI- vAnI daratA batAvaze kharA? viSNu ane jagaviSNu prajA tarIkenA tenA viziSTa rAjakIya saMskAra ( Politicalculture) A viziSTa tatve bIjI A praznonA uttara para eziyAnA bhAvi pravAhonI prajAo pAse che. kharA ? gati ane dizA nakkI dho. Jain Education Intemational

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378 pe Telegram: PRIMESTEEL Telephones Unity Hardware Stores Co. Iron, Steel and Hardware Merchants 323084 0 321475 328153 241, SANT TUKARAM ROAD, IRON JATHA, CARNAC BUNDER, BOMBAY (400-009) 00000 With Best Compliments From ************************..oooooooocco eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 oooooooooooooo00000000 TUBES INDIA SYNDICATE Tool, Alloy & Constructional Steels J. P. SHAH 25 Nakhoda Street, Ist Floor, BOMBAY-3 Lion Jayvant Parekh... President Lions Club of Wadala Phone: 336314 coooooooooooo666666000000000 Parekh Chambers 61, R. A. Kidwai Road Wadala Bombay-400031 00000000

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vizvasaMskRtionuM pAraNuM hIMcoLatuM bhArata rameza ema. trivedI mera citta ! puNyatIrthe jAgo re dhIre, Azare be abaja varSa pUrve pRthvI janmI pAMca karoDa eI bhAratera mahAmAnavera sAgaratIre ! varSa pahelAM mAnya lakSaNa dharAvatA prANIo janma lIdho ane chellA daseka lAkha varSathI laDatI jhaghaDatI, bhegI, thatI. bhramaNa keha nahi jAne, kata AvAne, kata mAnuSeradhArA karatI, vasavATa karatI, avanavIna zeThe karatI, vikAsa karatI, dara srote e kathA hate, samudra hala hArA. sthiratAnI jhaMkhanA karatI, jIvanane nAnAvidha dRSTikoNathI hethAya Arya, hethA anArya, hethAya dvAviDa cIna jIvavA mANavA jANavA mathatI mAnavavaNajhAra Adima jaMgalI zaka-huNa-dala, pAThAna-mogala, eka dehe hale lIna. avasthA, barbara avasthA, gopabhUmikA ema saMskRtinA eka raNudhArA vAhi, jayagAna gAhi, unmAda kalara pachI eka tabakkAo vaTAvI kRSi saMskRtinA atyaMta mahattvanA bhedi maru-patha, giri parvata yArA ese chile be. stabakamAM pravezI vatamAna saMskRtine cahere audyogika tArA mera majhe savAI virAje keha nahe nahe dUra kAnti, yaMtrogamUlaka kAnti ane avakAzasaMzodhananI amAra zoNite race che dhvanita tAri vicitra sUra. kAntinI AkArita thayela che. -ravIndranAtha ThAkura. A saMskRti zI cIja che ? bhArata mAnava saMskRtionuM saMgamatIrtha che. mAnavI jyAre samudAyamAM rahevAnuM svIkAre che tyAre * prAcIna kALamAM jyArathI mAnave pitAnA astitva anya pazusRSTithI khunirALuM tattva je samajAya che te saMskAra ke saMskRti nAme oLakhAya. paM. sukhalAlajI saMrakRti vize vize svapnAM sevavAM zarU karyA tyArathI je e svapnAM dharatI AvuM ciMtana vyakta kare che: "saMskRtinuM jharaNuM nadInA evA para AkAra thatAM hoya te te bhAratamAM thayAM che." ( ramerelAM ) " hiMdanA taddana prAcInathI mAMDIne cheka Adhunika pravAha jevuM che ke je potAnA uddagama sthAnathI te aMta vicArano pravAha traNa hajAra varSothIya vizeSa varSonA gALA sudhI bIjA nAnAmoTAM jharaNAMo sAthe bhaLatuM vadhatuM ane sudhI ekadhAro vahyo che. kudaratI saMpatti, sattA ane saundaryathI parivartana pAmatuM bIjA aneka mizraNathI yukta thatuM jAya samRddha evo deza pRthvI upara ApaNe jevA mAgatA hoIe che; ane ugamasthAnamAM pitAne maLela rUpa, sparza, gaMdha tathA svAda vageremAM kaMIka ne kaMIka parivartana paNa prApta karatuM te keTalAka bhAgomAM te sAkSAta svarga samAna bhAratadeza tarapha AMgaLI cIMdhI zakAya. je mane, prazna karavAmAM Ave ke, mAnave rahe che....saMskRti mAtrane uddeza che, mAnavatAnA kalyANa tarapha tenI manapasaMdagImAMnI keTalIka bheTo vadhumAM vadhu pUrNapaNe kayA AgaLa vadhavuM..kaIpaNa saMskRtinAM bAhya aMgo kevaLa AsamAne vikasAvI che, jIvananA adharA praznonI vicAraNA abhyadayanA samaye ja vikase che ane e samaye ja e karI che ane te emAMnA keTalAkanA, pleTo ane kenTa jevA AkarSaka lAge che paNa saMskRtinA hRdayanI vAta judI che......kaI abhyAsIe nAM paNa dhyAna kheMce evAM nirAkaraNa meLavyA paNa saMskRti, jyAM sudhI e bhAvina ghaDataramAM potAne phALo che te mAre bhArata tarapha ja najara nAkhavI joIe. jo mAre na Ape tyAM sudhI, kevaLa pitAnA itihAsa ke yazogAthA mArI jAtane ja prazna pUchavAnuM hoya ke rAmano, grIka ane onA AdhAre na to jIvita rahI zake che, na te pratiSThA remiTika yahUdIonI vicAraNAmAMthI bAhya ucherane varelA meLavI zake che." ApaNe yuropavAsIo kayA vAr3a maya pAsethI ApaNA AMtaru saMskRti eTale ApaNe je kAMI chIe te........" ema jIvanane vadhu saMpUrNa vyApaka, sArvatrika ane vadhu sattvapUrNa makAIvara' kahe che. vila DurAM, "saMskRti e prajAjIvanane mAnavatAsabhara banAvI zakIe eTaluM ja nahIM paNa A jIvana gharatAM Arthika, rAjakIya, bauddhika ane naitika paribaLanI uparAMta rUpAMtarita zAzvata jIvana sAru zucikara sAratattva pAmI saMkula asarano paripAka che" ema kahI oLakhAve che. 2 zakIe, te huM pharIthI bhArata tarapha ja dhyAna doruM." -- 1 Mac Iver : The Modern State : Civil (mekasamulara ) bhArata aneka prajAsaMskRtionuM saMgamatIrtha che. ization is what we have, Culhere is what we mahAsAgaramAM jema aneka dizAomAMthI AvIne saritAone ' meLe racAya tema, aneka saMskRtio ahIM AvI, vasI, " sthira thaI ane ekarUpa banI gaI Will Durant : The Story of Civilisation. are." Jain Education Intemational

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30 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 * mAnavanA pArthiva ane AdhyAtmika jIvananA sAmAjika saMskRtine rAcI ApanAra mULa taI jagatanA itihAsamAM paraMparAgata UtarI AvelAM to te saMskRti" ema separa aneka rAmahArajI o, samrATo zahenazAha AvyA, jhaLakayA (Sapire) kahe che. vilisa nAmane saMskRticiMtaka "ApA ane bhulAI paNa gayA; Ama chatAM te te bhUminI prajAoe Adarza, pravRttio ane pArthiva siddhione saravALe enuM vakhatevakhata je kauvata dAkhavyuM, te mAnavasaMskRtinA darpaNamAM nAma saMskRti" ema kahe che. "samAjanA sabhya tarIke mAnavI pratibiMbita thayeluM Aje paNa joI zakAya che. e ja ApaNe je sakula viziSTatAnuM eipa rAje che enuM nAma saMskRti-jema ajarAmara vAra che. AkhuM zamAjika jJAna, mAnyatAo, kalA, naitika bhAvanA, The first form of Culture is Agricultura kAyado, rUDhi, viziSTa zaktio ane devabhAvanAne samAveza thAya che,' evI vistRta chaNAvaTa karatI saMskRti oLakha sarakheDa, to cultivate -kaSipradhAna saMskRtivALA leka, anArya ane Ayano A bheda, bamaNukALa vaTAvI daI, Telara Ape che. sthiravasavATa vALI prajA tarIke je vikAsa sAthe, tethI paDelA saMskRti viro It is a way of life-navinara che. khetI ane pazupAlana pAchaLa strInI preraNA kAraNubhUta It is a Standard of life-vanA paNa che ema manAya che. jo ema hoya te saMskRtinI mAdyazakti nArI kahevAyuM che. meline kacchI kahe che ke "saMskRtimAM vaMzaparaMpa gaNAya. ahI nArInuM nArAyaNIsvarUpa samajAya che. sAmAnyataH rAthI AvelI kaLA (zi95) rAcaracIluM vastunI utpAdananI mAnavavAre vikarAvelI, viziSTa vyaktitvanI muddA upasAvI viziSTa prakriyAo, vicAro, Teva ane mUlyano samAveza thAya ApatI mAnavauccatA saMskRtine nAme oLakhAya. ijipta che! 4 saMskRti udabhave che. saMskAramAMthI ane saMskAra che ane mesepiTemiyA, cIna ane bhArata, IrAna grIsa ane eka prakAranI mAnavIne prApta thatI jIvananI keLavaNI che, jemanI prAcIna saMskRtio samagra mAnavajAtane kAyamane manakhya pitAnuM mana, sva-bhAva ane rUcione keLavI sAravAro para pa che. IslAma ane khristI dhaa saMskaraNukA karI le che. Ama sarakRti vAva 6 ka che paNa jagA ' ane pragaTAvI che. kudaratanA prakopathI rahe che. methya AhaDa kahe che ke, "vizvamAM je uttama vatu saharA, pilaniziyana che ke mAnavavinAza dvArA (grI , rAmanI , kahevAI che ane vicArAI che te jANavI tenuM nAma sa &aa keTalIye tio ka LanA gartAmAM lupta thaI gaI che. TADITI TApuo paranI ke aya, Inko saMskRtie je hajI zekhAva je sAmAjika ghaTanA ke vyavasthAmAM saMskAra sarjana zarU zeSarUpe jovA maLe che te tenA garavA atItanI avazya zakaya bane te ghaTanA ke vyavasthA saMskRti mATenI leya banI sAhedI pUre che. sarjana ane vinAzanI A avirata prakRti zake. mAnavajAti ane pravRttinA vikAsa ane hAsa sAthe pravRttimAM ghaNI saMtio ugI ane AthamI gaI. Ama chatAM Aja sudhI je saMskRtione TakI rahevAnuM sadbhAgya saMskRtine udayAsta saMkaLAyela che. himapralayamAMthI bacavA mAnavIe karelI agninI zodha, ojAra vAparavAnI teNe prApta thayuM che temAM cIna ane bhAratanI saMskRtio mokhare che. saMskRtionA samanvita ciMtaka vicAraka paM. javAharalAla siddha karelI AvaData ane babara avarathAnuM zikArajIvana cheDI kRSijIvanane mAnavIe karelo AraMbha saMskRtinA dekhAtA nihara lakhe che ke "bhArata ane cIna sivAya bIje kayAMye vikAsatabakkA che. Arthika saddharatA, rAjakIya AyejanA, saMskRtinI paraMparA akhaMDita cAlu rahI nahi, bhAre parivartana vigraho ane AkramaNa thavA chatAM e benane dezamAM prAcIna naitika paraMparAo, jJAna ane kalAnI pravRtio : e badhAM saMskRtinI dhArA akhalita vahI rahI che. 6 Ama mAnava A agala kavi- vivecaka zrI TI. esa. eliyaTa Notes <Page #386
amRti saMdarbha graMtha 381 khetI pazupAlana ane vAhana vyavahAra mATenI anukULatA ane prAcIna misaranI saMskRtine gaNanApAtra saMskRti keravavA prakRti saundaryano hileLA to mahAsAgara mAnavIne saddhiA pUratAM samartha che. taTe AvI, vavA mATe AkarSe che. jagatanI moTAbhAganI sumera, bebilona ane esIriyA maLI je bhaugolika saMskRtio (eziyAnI te lagabhaga badhI ja) saritAtaTe ja AkAra baMdhAya che te Fertile crescent phaLadrupa caMdralekhAnA pAMgarI che. mAo-je-daDo ane haDappAne uddagama siMdhu pradeza tarIke oLakhAya che. te te pradezanI saMskRtio maLI nadInI gedamAM yukreTisa ane TAIbrisa nadI one kinAre musepeTamayAnI saMskRti banavA mathe che. AthI ja eca. sumera, bebilona ane esIriyAnI saMskRti, nAilane kAMThe jI. vesa kahe che ke, " Mess; potemia is a meeting misaranI prAcInatama gaNAtI saMskRti ane ho- AMga-ho tathA Fot of civil Z1tion."8 sumeranI saMskRti vize eka yAMgalse kayAMga nadInA kinAre cInanI prAcIna saMrakRti vidvAna saMskRticiMtaka noMdhe che : " ApaNA kAyadAmAM, ApaNI uddabhavatI ane vikAsavilaya pAmatI jovA maLI che. AraMbhamAM gALavidyAmAM kelenDara, samaya ane vajananA mApamAM temaja ApaNe vizvanI sukhya mukhya prAcIna saMskRti no paricaya Dajhana pramANe gaNatarI karavAnI rItamAM paiDuM garagaDI ucAlana karIza. vizvasaMskRtimAM temaNe eka kALe kevuM pradAna karyuM te tenA sau prathama ghauMnI khetI mATe ApaNe temane trANI avelekIzuM. arvAcIna vijJAna yugamAM eziyA, AphrikA, chIe." Ama sumeramAM mAnava saMskRtine bIjo tabakako beTho yuropa ane amerIkAnI baMdhAtI jatI navI saMskRtino Alekha gaNAya. bebilona te, eka kAyadA ghaDanAra hammarAbIne ApI, paNa tapAsI zuM ane e badhAne samAMre bhAratIya saMskRtinuM jaga tane ghaNuM pradAna karI gayuM che. yuddhapradhAna mijAjavALA garavuM pradAna AlekhI chuM. esIriyAe vizvabharamAM sAmrAjyavAdano cepa sau pahelA sau prathama te, jagatanI prAcInatama manAyelI nAIla vaheto karyo, Ama chatAM khepiyA dvArA TapAlanI prathA sau prathama ahIM ja upalabdha thayelI jovA maLe che. nadInI saMskRtisthA joIe mesemiyAnI saMskRtino chele adhyAya khADiyana vila harAM lakhe che : " itihAsanA prabhAvako ijipta je siddhio prApta karI tenI asara dareka rASTra saMskRtimAM jovA maLe che. I. pU. sAtamA saikAmAM thaI gayelA ane dareka yuga para aMketa che. '7 I. pUrva dasa hajAra varSa kahAna pratApI rAjA nebuDanajhAre yukreTisa nadI para pahelajeTalI jUnI manAtI A saMskRtine "mAnavasaM tenuM vahelo pula bAMdhyo. eNe pitAnI saundaryazekhIna rANIne ugamasthaLa-pAraNuM" kahIne oLakhAvavAmAM AvatI jo ke, prasana rAkhavA, potAnA mahelanI vizALa agAzI para jhUlatA vIsamI sadInA AraMbhamAM maLI AvelI siMdhu khINanI bAga banAvaDAvI, vizvanI ajAyabI tarIke e pratye sauna dhyAna khecyuM. misara ane mesepoTemiyA te mAnavasaMskRtinAM saMskRtie itihAsane navesarathI racavAnI taka ApI. kAra sara jahona mAza le to nedhyuM ja ke, "su-vedanA nA ja sthAna hatAM. temanI vacce Cultural link rUpa banI rahyA niyana ke jagatabharamAM vahANa bAMdhavAnI kaLA nAgarikenI rAgavaDavALAM moTAM makAno ane suMdara snAnagRho sAthe sarakhAvI zakAya evuM e atiprAcIna kALamAM pazcima sau prathama temaNe dAkhavI. pazcimanI bhASAnA mULAkSarone gha re eziyA, mesopoTemiyA ke misaramAM kazuM ja nahotuM." Ama AghaItihAsa ahIM jovA maLaze. Alphabet chatAM ijipta dvArAja mAnavajAta saMskRtine pAraNe jhUlI ema zabda paNa ahIMthI ja maLe. Aleph (baLada) ane beth (makAna)nA rakSake evA phijhIziyane pachI guNanA bhaMDArarUpa kahevA pAchaLa itihAsakArone, sau prathama paMcAMga ane ghaDiyALa dazAMza paddhati ane vIsa akSaro-mULAkSaronI citralipi, yahadIrA romana zI rIte bhUlAya? A hibru lokoe ja zAhI ane pepara (kAgaLa) nI amUlya zodho prabhAvita karI (khrastI dharmanA aMkuro pragaTAvyA. prathama payagaMbaMosesgaI e te nakakI. kAraNe vividha kSetromAM thatI zodha, mejhijha paNa ahIM ja thaI gayA. Old Testament te krAntikArI parivartana AvyuM che. e kAnti ja utkAntinuM sAhityanI dRSTie paNa uttama udAhuraNa pUruM pADe che. Ten baLa banI rahe che ane aMtatogatvA saMskRtinuM eka ghaDakatattva Commandnients-daza AjJAo, AcaravAnAM daza zIla, banI rahe che. IjanerI vidyAkala nA utkRSTa udAharaNarUpa (eka paNa mejhijhe ja ApyAM. te hiphAiTa prajAe lokhaMDanI zodha karI mAnavajAtine pragatinA eka uMcA zikhare besADI. A rIte te zaMku AkAranI, prAcIna misaranA rAjA-" pheronI, ja hiAIe eziyAnI saMskRtine yuropamAM prasarAvI. kabareja ) gijheDanA pirAmiDa jevAM sthApatyo; siMhAva tAranuM smaraNa karAvI siphankasa Sphynx nI mahAkAya pratimAnuM sthaLakALa ubhayanI dRSTie vizALa sAmrAjya, suvyavavirATa zipa temaja azaka ane akabaranA vyaktitvanA ajaba thita vahIvaTItaMtra, TapAla vyavasthA ApIne IrAne moTI mizraNa je dharmasudhAraka ebaneTanane ekezvaravAda : e so -- (H. G. Wells : An Ontline of World Will Durant : The Story of Civilization History ema zabda cAMga ane pepara . vIsa ane ga, Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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nizAna kare . romAMcaka 382 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga-2 sevA bajAvI che. dasayasa nAmanA eka rAjAe te cheka siMdha che. yuropanI saMskRtinA ghaDataramAM tene phALe ghaNo mahattvane ane paMjAba sudhI pitAnuM sAmrAjya vistAryuM hatuM. Ama che eTale aMze e sAMskRtika kaDInI-cultural link-garaja phiniziyana prajA pachI irAnIe "saMskRtinA vAhake " banI sAre che. mahAkavi sekasapiyaranA eka nATakanA pAtra banI rahyA. rastI dharmanA sthApaka saMta aSe jarathuSTranI A rahela samrATa sIjhara ane itihAsanAM pAnAMomAM kukhyAta A janmabhUmi para sikaMdare AkramaNa karyuM tyAre grIsanI tarIke noMdhAyelA samrATa nIranI A bhUmi che vizvavijetA saMskRtine udaya thaI cUkyo hato. Adhunika mAnavasaMskRtinuM banavAnAM svapna sevatA sIjhare to," came, sw, congu ekapaNa aMga evuM nahi hoya, jene zrIsanI saMskRtie ered" jevI garvavANI uccArI hatI. sAthe ja te mana piSaNa na ApyuM hoya. vila DurAM lakhe che : "jeo svataMtratA, samrAjyane siMha' hatuM paM. naherU sIjharanuM mUlyAMkana A suMdaratA ane tattvajJAna pAmavAnI utkaMThA rAkhe che temane... pramANe kare che :" sIjhara zabda bhavyatAvAcaka banI gayo che te grIsanA (sAMskRtika) vikAsamAM preraNA ApanAra solena ane ghaNu samrAToe pitAne mATe e zabdano upayoga karyo ane sokreTisa, pleTo ane erisToTala, phiDiyAsa ane rUrI che." 11 romana prajAnA purUSArthanI caDatI paDatInI mAtrAe piDisa....hireDeTasa ane parilisa ane chelle pelA grIka kaMIka bharatIoTa prajAjIvanamAM dekhADI; chatAM leTina bhASA nahi chatAM zreSTha grIka sikaMdarane ja nAda saMbhaLAze."8 suMdaratA ane sAhityamAM AvelA suvarNa yuga paNa addabhuta romAMcakArI ane satyanA vAhaka grIe vizvane, jagatanI zreSTha rAjya hatuM. mahAkavi vaIla tathA hareze kAvyakSetre, te siseroe vyavasthA gaNAtI lekazAhI prathA bheTa ApI. emaNe ja leTina gadyanAM ghaNAM UMcAM nizAna tAkyAM. paNa A badhuM kAMI vastRtvakalAne apUrva vikAsa sAdhI Ape. satyapriya sokre- rAteraHta siddha thayuM nahotuM tethI ja te Rome was not Tisa AdarzavAdI pleTo ane philasUpha-ciMtana erisToTale built in a day e ukti sAthe nIvaDI che. jagatane mahAna lAbha Ape che. te badhA sarkakAlIna lekhako che. itihAsakAra hireDeTasa ane tabIla hipekITasa hajIya jagatanA itihAsanuM rekhAdarzana karAvatAM paM.bhUlAyA nathI. bhautikazAstranA mULa siddhAMta ApanAra Aka. javAharalAla hake cIna e bhAratanA jema prAcIna saMskRtivALA miDisanuM "kerekA" kone yAda nahi AvatuM hoya ? deza che ane enI akhaMDa paraMparA jaLavAI rahI che ema noMdhe che, ItihAsakAra dera noMdhe che ke "cenanuM sAmrAjya gupta yuganA suvarNayuganI jema prIka sAhityaktAne ( ane saMskRti ) cAra hajAra varSo sudhI avicchinnapaNe TakI suvarNa yuga pirilisanA samayamAM beThe. mahAkavi homara ane kahyuM ane tenA kAyadA, rivAjo, bhASA ane pozAka suddhAMmAM tenAM mahAkAvyo iliyaDa ane osi paNa A suvarNayuganAM koI noMdhapAtra taphAvata (parivartana) nedhA nathI". 12 ja sajana che. ethensa ane pArTI jevAM nagararAnI i. sa. 1929 mAM' pakiMga mAnava" tarIke oLakhAtI eka anukrame nAgarika ane lazkarI jIvanavyavasthA ane Ali. mAnava khoparI zodhI kADhI che tene saMzodhake--nRvaMzazAstrIo mpiyAnA medAnamAM epele devanA mAnamAM ramavAmAM AvatI dasa lAkha varSa jUnI gaNe che........Azare I.pU. vIsa hajAra olimpika ramate....ane bIjuM ghaNuM grIka saMskRtie mAnava varSa pahelAM mAMgeliyAmAMthI megela prajAe AbehavAmAM saMskRtine pradAna karyuM che. ema Adhunika yuganA punarutthAnanA UbhI thayelI pratikULatAne lIdhe cInamAM AvI vasavATa karyo. pAyAmAM grIka saMskRtie je phALo Apyo tethI bhAre prabhA cAMgasekyAMga ane ho-AMga-honA saritAtaTe Chira vita thaIne ja kavi kIsa gAI UThe ke " We a | are ke chinese civilzation kahI zuM ?) vikAsa pAmyuM. Greeks."--ApaNe badhA ja grIka chIe. ane chelle, zrIka nahi chatAM " zreSTha grI" tarIke oLakhAyele, gatizIla vya. resamI kApaDa udyoga, parsa leIna paddhatinI pUrvajakalA ktitva dharAvato vizvavijetA banavAnAM svapnAM sevA senApati jevI cinAI mATI kAmane udyoga, cAlIsa hajAra jeTalAM sikaMdara-enA vize paM. javAharalAla naherunuM mUlyAMkana mArmika cihanevALI citralipi, ane cInanI dIvAla--e badhuM che: "....kharatA tArAnI jema te Avyo ane gaye, ane jagavikhyAta che. 1800 mAIla lAMbI, 22 phUTa UMcI ane tenI smRti vinA bIjuM kazuM ja pitAnI pAchaLa mUkI na 20 phUTa 1DI * 20 phuTa jADI cInanI A dIvAla cInanI AkhI sarahada para gaye. 10 Dragon ( sUtele ajagara-cInanuM prakhyAta pratIka) nI mAphaka ( 11 5. javAharalAla neharU : jagatanA itiha LanuM rekhAnAnakaDA nagara rAjyamAMthI vizvanuM eka mahAna sAmrAjya dana. banI rahenAra rome vizvasaMskRtimAM anero phALe noMdhAvyo A History of world civilizaton Hig: J. E. 6. Will Durant : The story of civilization Om Swain nuM vidhAna : "Chinese civilization represents 10, 5. javAharalAla neharu jagatanA itihAsanuM the longest unbroken chain of development rekhAdarzana. known,' uparokata kathanane puSTa kare che. . Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 383 cInanuM rakSaNa karatI vistarelI che ane duniyAnI ajAyabI saMskRtinuM sthaLa ke jyAM Aryoe vedanI prathama kAcA lalabanI rahelI che. bhAratanA bauddha dharmane sauthI vadhu prabhAve karI hatI. e baMne bhaugolika sthAne ApaNuM pADozI mulaka cIne jhIlyo che. bauddha dharma Aje tyAM vadhu javaMta che. lAo pAkistAnamAM AvelAM che. ke cAra veda, brAhmaNe, AraNyake e ane kephazyasa nAM dharma vacano temaja 'tAe--te--kiMga ane upaniSado e AryasaMskRtinAM mULatA Aje paNa vizvasaMskRtimAM potAno adano phALe nodhAve che. bhAratIya saMskRtimAM jaLavAI rahyAM che; e saMskRti vikAsanI have ApaNe eka garavI ane tejasvI evI jAtanI kaDIbaddha zaMkhalAnI sAkha pUre che. Adya aitihAsika saMskRtino paricaya karIe. sAmAnya rIte | vedomAM veda sauthI mahattvano graMtha che. De. hariprasAda bhAratanI saMskRti eTale vedakALanI saMskRti ane tene samaya Azare I. pU.2000 varSa ema manAtu vIsamI sadInA trIjA rAtriA jaNAve che ke, jagatane sauprathama graMthanimaoNNa bhArata dAyakAnA AraMbhe 1921 mAM siMdhukhINanI je saMskRti mue drArA hadathI thayuM. mAnavasaMskRtine bhArate nAnusUnuM pradAna karyuM na kahevAya. "travedamAM AryonA sAmAjika, rAjakIya, -jo-daDo ane haDappAmAM maLI AvI, teNe mAnavasaMskRtinA 23ItihAsamAM mUlyavAna umero karyo. A saghaLo sara Arthika ane dhArmika jIvana vize mahattvanI mAhitI maLI jahona mArzala ane rAkhAladAsa benarajI jevA saMskRti Ave che, AnA sauthI prAcIna graMtha tarIke tenuM mahattva zodhakone phALe jAya che. uttare himAlayathI dakSiNe khaMbhAtanA ghaNuM che. mAnavajAtane hiMda ApelI khAsa bheTa che-e nakakara hakI kata che."14 vedamAM uSA prakRtinAM tattvane saMbodhIne racelI akhAta sudhI (kAraNake raMgapura, lAMdhaNaja ane mukhya to cAo ane temAM traSionI kAvyamaya kalpanAonuM thayeluM nirU lethalane TIMbe maLI AvyuM che) phelAyelI A prAgaitihAsika saMskRtie gajabanI siddhio hAMsala karI jaNAya che vyava paNa Aje paNa ApaNane herata pamADe che. eTale ja ema kahevAyuM sthita AjanavALI nagararacanA, rAjamArgo ane pAkI haze ke, mAnavasaMskRtinuM ugamasthAna, enA AdhArasthaMbhe te gaTarAjanA nagarasaMskRtine yathArtha khyAla pUro pADe che. satyazodhaka Sio hatA. maharSi ravIndranAtha ThAkura sAcA mATIkAmanA benamUna namUnAo, jUnAmAM jUnuM maLI AveluM arthamAM jene (tona naMti) tarIke oLakhAve che e A sutarAu kApaDa, citralipi ghaNuMbadhuM rahasya khelI paNa Ape saMskRtimAM rajA karatAM trASinuM gaurava keTaluM vadhAre hatuM te che ane gepita paNa rAkhe che. baLadagADI ane ekkAnI zarU- vasiSTa, vizvAmitra vagerenAM udAharaNothI spaSTa thaze. vaLI rAjyanA Ata, vastravidyAmAM nipuNatA, hiMdudharmanA pAyArUpa dharmanuM jogavIne paNa vanapraveza ane vAnaprastha dazA, rAjAo sAmethI vizALa svarUpa, pachIthI AvanArI brAhmI lipinI janetA na ta jhaMkhatA. RSio ane saMtanuM gaurava hiMdupata pAdazAhInA samAna citralipi-e badhuM hajIye Aje AzcaryanI sthitimAM chellA buraja evA zivAjI mahArAje-paNa svAmI rAmadAsana makI de che. lothalanA TIMbAe te mAnavahADapiMjaro pUrAM gaurava karIne, prasthApita karyuM che. bhAratIya saMskRti hajAra pADI, saMskRtinuM Adyagraha-Early abode of civilization varSathI aneka AkramaNonI sAme jevI ne tevI aDIkhama TakI sAbita thavAnI taka UbhI karI che. lothalanuM baMdarI nagara rahI che tenI pAchaLa AvA satyazodhakonI tapasyA paDelI che. city port tarIke aMkAyeluM mahattva, ane tyAMthI maLI AvelA Ama e RSio sAcA arthamAM kAtirdharo hatA. zrI darzaka senAnA alaMkAre, tAMbAnA ramakaDAM, raMgaraMgIna mATInAM ThIkarA A paristhitinuM gya mUlyAMkana karatAM noMdhe che ke "ApaNe itihAsanA pAnAM khelI Ape che. lipi ukelAya te e sau lehIthI vividha jAtionAM saMtAna hovA chatAM AryatvathI Adi saMskRtino romAMca ora pragaTI UThe. alaga kahevaDAvavAnuM asahya thaI paDe che. A ja che traSionI tAkAta. ApaNI saMskRtinuM A ja che rasAyana"15 varNAzrama bhAratIya saMskRtine bIjo mahatvano tabakko che vedakAlIna prathA hiMdu jIvanarItinI eka viziSTa lAkSaNikatA che. eNe saMskRti. ene keTalAka Arya saMskRti te keTalAka hiMdu saMskRti ghaNuM zubhAzubha saMkete rahayA che. brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya tarIke oLakhAve che. siMdhukhINanI pUrNavikasita saMskRti paNa kaI agamya kAraNosara kALanA gartamAM lupta thaI ane I 13. hajI hamaNA ja gaye mahine bhAratIya saMskRtinI pU. 2000nA arasAmAM madhya eziyA athavA dakSiNa razi- pracInatamatA siddha karI ApatI vAta bahAra AvI che ke madhyayAnA e mULa nivAsIo hiMdukuzanI girimALAo oLaMgI pradezamAM maLI AvelI " bhIma beThaka" nAme jANItI cakAo bhAratamAM AvyA. AryonA mULa vatana ane bhAratamAM AvyAno saMskRtinA itihAsane vadhu romAMcaka banAvaze. ghama thaT fsatavara temane samaya e baMne muddAo para vidvAnamAM tIvra matabheda 2673 che. lokamAnya Tilaka paNa e carcAne potAnA jJAnathI saMmAjita kare che. je ho te, saptasiMdhunA phaLadrupa mulakamAM veda 14. paM. javAharalAla neharU mArUM hiMdanuM darzana' kAlIna saMskRti pragaTI. Aje te mukheM-jo-daDo ane haDappA 15. manubhAI paMcelI- 'darzaka'- ApaNe vAro ane kAlIna bhAratIya saMskRtine Adima tabakko ane vedakAlIna - bhava" Jain Education Intemational

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384 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 zuddha ema cAra varNa ane brahmacaryAzrama, gRhasthA, vAnaprasthA itihAsanuM suvarNapRSTha have Ave che. zako ane zrama ane saMnyastAzcamanuM badhuM maLI kulapeluM zata no 4 : licchavIonAM gaNarAjaemAM ItihAsanI sthira jyota maLe vALuM dIrdhAyuSya jIvanavyavasthAnI cekasa dRSTi te sUcave ja che ane mauryo pachI ItihAsano suvarNayuga Ave che. che. ane emAMthI ja ApaNane sAMpaDe che. bhAratavarSanAM be guptayugamAM bhArata sarvakSetre samRddhinAM zikharo sara karavA phephasAM" jevA rAmAyaNa ane mahAbhAratanA saMdarbhagraMthe Ent- lAgyuM. mahAna azakane ApaNe yAda karI laie. suprasiddha yclopedea rAmAyaNa che. vAlmIkinI ArSadRSTithI lakhAyeluM, ItihAsakAra eca. jI. 8 9sa ene aMjali ApatAM lakhe kuTuMba jIvanane samucita Adarza tathA samAjajIvananI unnata che ke, " jagatanA aneka samrATo, rAjAo ane amIramAM bhAvanA jhIlatuM ApaNuM AdikAvya; tyAre mahAbhAratamAM rajU samrATa azokanuM nAma mahAna nakSatranI jema jhagamage che. thAya che. paMcameLa vIra mahAprajAnI UbharAtI zaktinI bharatI- vAMllAthI gaMgA sudhInA pradezomAM tenuM nAma Aje paNa loko oTanA AMka darzAvatI, mAnavajIvananA prANapraznonuM darzana AdarabhAvathI ucAre che." 1 !' Do. rAyacaudharI eka vize ane chaNAvaTa karatI itihAsakathA rAmAyaNamAM phakta rAma-rAva lakhe che : "azoka bhAratanA itihAsamAMnI sauthI noMdhapAtra NanuM yuddha ja nathI, emAM te che prema-snehamaya jIvananA vibhUtiomAMnI eka hatI. te caMdraguptanI zakti, samudraguptanI vividha vivartI ane AryaanAryanuM saMdharSa dvArA paNa saMme- vidvattA ane akabaranI udAratA dharAvane hata" 18 kaliga lana; jyAre vadhu aMze itihAsa banI rahela mahAbhArata kathA upara jIta meLavyA chatAM enAmAM buddhanA vicArane-dharmabhAkaurava-pAMDavane vikhavAda ja rajU nathI karatI; emAM te mAna- vanAne udaya thayo ane amArA ghagbA nI dhammalipi TheraThera vIne niSkAma pravRtti mATe ciraMtana jIvanasaMdeza ApatA aMkti karAvI; ethI te e" priyadarzI" anya. enuM dharmacakra bhagavAna zrIkRSNanI jotA samAyelI che. sAMpradAyikatAthI para svataMtra bhArate rAjakIya mudrA rUpe svIkArI ene sanAtana A kRtio bhAratane ane jagatane preraNAnAM piyUSa pAI aMjali ApI che. rahI che. Ama jotAM lAgaze ke kevaLa adhyAtmanA kSetre ja nahi, jIvananA tamAma kSetre-in all walks of life bhArata AryabhaTTa brahmagupta ane varAhamihira, bhAskarAcArya jagadagurunuM pada hAMsala karI zake. pANinI ane pataMjali, vara ruci nAgArjuna ane vAtsyAyana, caraka ane suzrata, kAlidAsa bhavabhUti bhAravi ane mAdha, harSa paraMtu A ja vaidika saMskRti kALakrame jyAre yajJavidhi bANabhaTTa ane bhatuM hari : e badhAe A saMskRtina khIlavI ane karmakAMDanI cIlAcAlu rUDhiomAM ja jakaDAI gaI tyAre che, paripuSTa karI che. zaka ane vikrama saMvatanI sthApanA jemanA jANe saMbhavAmi pure puje ne bhagavAna zrIkRSNe Apela kala nAmathI thaI e mahAmAnave paNa A zamaye ja thaI gayA. sAco paDate lAgyo. I. pU. chaThThI sadI jagatamAM temaja AjanI okasapharDa, kebrija ane hArvarDanI jema takSazilA ApaNA dezamAM avatArI puruSanI sadI banI rahI che. A ane nAlaMdA, valabhI ane vikamazIlAnI vidyApIThoe AMtarana baddha ane mahAvIra jevA saMskRtinA parirASTrIya vidyApIThanI garaja sArI hatI. phADiyAna, hyu-enasaMga trAjakoe bhAratIya saMskRtinA patane sampha vicAronA nUtana ke i-siMga jevA bauddhayAtrIonuM bhAratabhramaNa gauravanI tANAvANAthI vadhu ghaTTa banAvyuM. bauddha bhAvanAo, bauddha lAgaNI janmAve che. saMskRta bhASA ane tenA sAhitya mAnava saMsthAo ane bauddha vicAra, kharekhara hindu bhAvanAo, hRdayanA vyApArane mUrtimaMta karavAmAM potAnI pUrepUrI garimA hiMdu saMsthAo ane hiMda vicAronuM bauddhIkaraNa banI rahya dAkhavI. ajaMTA-IlerAnuM citra-zilpa-sthApatya ghaDIbhara te che. 16 eka rIte hindutvanI paraMparAnA teo saMzodhake ApaNane parIlokamAM laI jAya che. Avo hato e saMskRtine banI rahyA. "buddhanAM cakSu" kAvyamAM zrI suMdarama yathArtha ja jhaLahaLATa, prAcIna bhAratane da99 mahAna samrATa harSavardhana kahe che ke "tame A janme te nayanarasa leI avataryA ? ekasAthe azAka ane samudraguptanA rAjyavaMzI guNo dharAvate e varNana jevI karuNAmayI AMkhe ane ahiMsAnI sUkama hatuM. samrATa harSa pachI A aneka nAnA nAnA rAjavaMza thayA jIvanabhAvanAe bhAratavarSanI prajAne kharA arthamAM paLeTI e samayane ApaNe rAjapUtayuga tarIke oLakhI zakIe. kadAca bhaviSyamAM vizvazAMti, vizvabaMdhutva ane vizva vAtsalyanA sAmaMtazAhI DhabanI temanI zAsana-praNAlI hatI. rAjAzAhI matro raTanAra daDhAvanAra bhAratane A garbhAdhAnakALa hate. vaMzaparaMparAgata hatI. moTebhAge hiMdudharma rAjyadharma-stale mizeleTa nAmane itihAsakAra enuM mUlyAMkana karatAM nAMdhe che. religion hate. Ama chatAM lekajIvana sukhI, samRddha hatuM. ke, " prAcIna bhAratIya saMskRtimAM mahAsAgara jeTalI vizA- temanI gebrAhmaNapratipALa tarIkenI khyAti, Teka, vahIvaTI kuzaLatA, maMgalamaya vAtAvaraNa, prasanna zAMti, madhuratA vizvabaMdhu- 99 H. G. Wells : An outline of world tvanI bhAvanA, prema, karuNA, dayA ane sahiSNutA jovA maLe che." Histoy. 16 nArI siMha ' vivAra' : saMskRti je vAra 96. Dr. H. G. Raychaudhuri : Politial adhyAya History of Ancient India. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha LatA ane sAhityakalAmAM dilacaspI e badhAne lIdhe jema pravRtti AcaratAM AyaratAM aMgrejoe pagapesAro zarU karyo. ekabAju sadIo sudhI musalamAnanAM AkramaNono saphaLa vyApArIo, pAdarIo-mizanarIo ane samaya Avye uddhAraka pratikAra karyo ane dharma tathA bhAratIya saMskRtinuM rakSaNa karyuM senApatione svAMga sajI trividha morace mAMDe. khristI to bIjI bAju temanAM aMdaroaMdara verajhera, TUMkI svAthIta samrAjyanAM bIja vAvyAM. kuTila nIti ajamAvI dezapara zAsana ane mAMhyamAMdyanA saMgharSa IslAmanA prabaLa ghasArAne rokavA karavAnA prayatna paNa thayA. 1857 mAM A sthitimAM mukti asamartha banAvI dIdhA ane keTalAka kissAomAM to meLavavA dezanA judA judA bhAgomAMthI svayaMbhU kahI zakAya AkramaNa khora mATe rAjapUtomAM rAjanaitika cetanAne abhAva eve, mukti mATe sazastra prayAsa paNa thaze. jo ke, tatkALa ane sarvanAzI aMdhavizvAsa temanA patananAM javAbadAra pari Ave, prayAsa dAbI devAmAM AvyuM. kaMpanI sarakAra badalAI baLo gaNAya che. ane tAjane vahIvaTa Avyo. paNa bhAratIya rASTrIya caLavaLane udbhava ahIMja thaye. vIra lakSmIbAI ane tAtyA Topee alabanIe noMdhyuM che ke mahamada gajhanInI caDhAI pragaTAvelI rASTrIya cetanAnI cinagArI jotajotAmAM AkhA vakhate hiMduo dhULanI rajakaNanI mAphaka pheMkAI gayA; jIvatA dezamAM dhumAvA lAgI. game tyAre e bhaDakAnuM svarUpa le ja rahyA te mAtra e jhaMjhAvAtanI zeSa kathanI rajU karavA pUratA. evI zakayatA pedA thaI. 1885 mAM inDiyana nezanala kegresanI prasiddha zivamaMdira somanAthane prAMsa te prathama vIjaLI sthApanA thaI. eNe svataMtratA ane svazAsananI jhaMkhanA vegIlI AMcako hate. muslima vijetAoe dharmapracAra ane rAjya banAvI. emAM dAdAbhAI navareja, surendranAtha benarajI, prasAra e beu kArya eka sAthe karyA ane e prakAranI ravIndranAtha ThAkura, metIlAla naheru, prasiddha lAla-bAla-pAlanI paristhiti upara teoe phAvaTa paNa meLavI. bhAratIya tripuTI, gokhale ane rAnaDe ane evA agaNita. dezakAjenA saMskRtie enuM AMtarasatva prakaTa karyuM ane AvI paDelI A svAtaMtrayajJanA adhvaryu e hatA. rAjA rAmamohanarAya, svAmI Apattine AzIrvAdamAM palaTI nAkhI enI saMtaparaMparAThArA. rAmakRSNa paramahaMsa ane svAmI vivekAnaMde dharma vicAraNA mahamada gajhanI ane dharI e pADelA ghA rUjhAvAnI prakriyA dvArA samAja sudhAraNA ane rAjya sudhAraNAnA vicArane spaSTa AraMbhAI. IslAmanI sAdagI ane lokazAhInI bhAvanA AkAra Ape. udAramatavAdI hiMduomAM bhAre AkarSaNa jamAvI gaI. hiMdudharmanAM aneka jALAM sApha karavAmAM teNe mahattvano bhAga "svarAjya mAro janmasiddha hakka che ane huM laIne bhajavyuM. dharmasudhAraNanuM AMdolana vegavatuM banyuM. rAmAnuja ja rahIza" evI TiLaka mahArAjanI AgajharatI vANIe rAmAnaMda, valalabhAcArya, caitanya, caMDIdAsa, nAmadeva, kabIra bhagavatasiMha jevA aneka dUdhamala beTaDAone dezakAja zahIdI ane nAnaka e AMdolananA pravartaka banyA. samaya jatAM vahorI levA preraNA ApI. gAMdhIjIe paNa "kAgaDA kUtarAne jhanUnI turko ane aphaghAnane badale bhAratIya prajAne The mete marIza, paNa AjhAdI lIdhA vinA AzramamAM pAcho pharIza Great mughal - megala samrATono anubhava thayo. bAbare nahi" evI bhISma pratijJA uccArI." 30 nI dAMDI kUca, megalavaMzanI sthApanA karI; akabare tene dharmasahiSNutAne " 42 ne " hiMda choDo " no TharAva jevI zakavatI ghaTanAo udAramatavAdI valaNathI sudaDha banAvyuM. enI rAjanItine lIdheja sarajI pU. gAMdhIjIe rASTra pitAnuM birUda sArthaka karyuM. dezane prAcIna bhAratanA mahAna samrATa azeka ane caMdragupta maurya svazAsana mATe taiyAra karyo. lagabhaga eka sadInA bhagIratha sAthe tenI sarakhAmaNI thAya che, zAhajahAMnA samaya megalAI purUSArtha vaDe 1947 mAM bhAratanA svarAjyana uSA pragaTI. saLekaLAe khIlI. tAjamahAla jevA jagatamAM benamUna emAMthI dezI rAjyanA vilInIkaraNa je akhaMDa rASTane AzcaryanuM paNa Aja arasAmAM sarjana thayuM. Ama chatAM pravega sAMpaDaye, te bIjI bAju dhvi rASTranA siddhAMta para raMbajhebanA AvatAM te mogalAInI paDatInAM bIja vavAyAM. AdhArita pAkistAna rASTrane paNa udbhava thaye ! akabare ucherelI hiMdu muslima ekatAnA kAMgarA kharavA lAgyA. metI masjida, tAjamahAla ane mayurAsana karatAM paNa - bhAratanI AjhAdInA pagale jApAna, cIna, zrIlaMkA ane je kimatI hatu te ekatAnuM tattva vilaya pAmyuM. turkastAna, IrAna ane aphaghAnistAna temaja arabastAna, thAilenDa InDoneziyA ane barmA vagere dezamAM jAgRti ane | mogalAInA patanamAMthI marAThI zaktino udaya thayo. navacetanAno saMsparza thayo eziyAnAM ane AphrikAnAM aneka prabaLa rASTravAdanA janmadAtA chatrapati zivAjI mahArAje kacaDAyalAM rASTrone svataMtratAnI tAjagIbharI havA zvAsamAM levA hiMdapata pAdazAhI' nuM svapna sevyuM. auraMgajhebanI dharmAdha maLI. cheka hajI gaI kAleja bAMglAdeza ane viyeTanAmanI nItie hiMdatAnI saMrakSaNAtmaka lAgaNIne vadhu tIvra banAvI. prajAnuM mukti AMdolana lazkarI zAsana ane sAmrAjyavAdanI pezavAoe A nItine anumodana ApyuM. paNa eka vAta te jarIpurANI rItarasamane daphanAvI devAmAM saphaLa banyuM che. A cekasa ke aDhAramI sadI pahelAM rAjAzAhI badhI rIte asta A arthamAM bhAratanuM svata- yayuddha e sAcA arthamAM dharmayuddha pAmavA lAgI hatI. IsTa InDiyA kaMpanI dvArA vyApAravaNajanI banI rahyuM che, preraNAstrota nIvaDyuM che. dha saraLa 5 ga vAra karyo. lagabhagavAna uSa pragaTI. Jain Education Intemational

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386 A sadI ja AkhA eziyAmAM ane vizvamAM kAMntinI saddI tarIke pUravAra thaI che. paMDita javAharalAla neharu e vize samyak ci Mtana karatAM lakhe che: 'have jagatanA rAja kAraNamAM mahattvanA pheraphAra thaI rahyo che. eziyA have peAtAnI jAtane zeAdhI rahyuM che. bIjA khaDAnA rahevAsIo sAthe, ApaNI ceAgya jagyA levA mATenA takko zarU thaI cUkayA che. ApaNe sakramaNanA mahAyugamAM pravezI rahyA chIe. eziyAnA dezone have sAmrAjyavAdI cAkaDAMbAjInAM pyAdA tarIke upayAga karI zakAze nahIM. vizvane sparzatI aneka bAbatomAM have temanI pAtAnI nIti hovAnI....jagatanA rAjakAraNamAM eziyAnA abhyudaya vizvazAMti mATe eka asarakAraka paribaLa banI raheze. ''19 ASTAnA A zabdo sAcA paDatA dekhAya che. paraMtu prajAmAM krAnti pragaTe che kayAre ? eka samAjazAstrI ane itihAsakAra lakhe che ke prajAmAM krAnti pedA thAya te mATe asaMtoSane gupta jharo hAvA joie. A asatASane gupta jhare varSo sudhI guma hAya che; ane aneka adRzya anyAyeAthI poSAtA rahe che. chevaTe sudhArAnuM vyApaka tattva pracaMDa krAMtimAM pariName che. raktahInaraktapAtathI bharelI phrenca krAntie jagatane ghaNI preraNA ApI che. nepAliyana evI ja phrenca krAMtinuM bALaka hatA ema itihAsakAro ALakhAve che. I am the state kahenAra lUi 14mA ane 16mAne hAMkI kADhI vAlTara, rUsA jevA ciMtakoe svataMtratA, baMdhutA ane samAnatA ( Freedom. Fraternity and Fquality )nA mAnava hukkAnI sthApanA karI. kiva va artha kahe che tema, ' TrAnsanI krAntie mAnavasaMskRtine ghaNu evu Apyu che je amara rahevAne mATe sarjAyuM che. 'raziyana krAnti paNa Aja rIte pragaTI jhAranI rAjAzAhIe kheDUte ane majUronI avadasA ANI hatI. emAM kArla mArkasanA vicAroe cinagArI cAMpI ane amUlaka samAjavyavasthAnI krAnti bhabhUkI UThI. phrAnse leAkazAhI AvakArI, raziyAe samAjavAda AvakAryAM. svataMtratA, samAnatA ane baMdhutvanI ramaNIya ekatA dvArA lokazAhI samAjavAda pragaTAvavAnuM bIDu' bhArate jhaDapyu che. vijJAnanI zeAdhA ane yAMtrika zodhoe iglenDamAM audyogika krAnti pragaTAvI iMglenDa ane TrAnse peAtAnA kAra khAnAMnA mAla khapAvavA mATe mArA zeAdhavAnI spardhA zarU karI ane temAMthI saMsthAnavAda pAMgaryAM. audyogika krAntithI mAnavajIvana palaTAI gayuM, utpAdana paNa vadhyuM. aneka zeAdhA thai bhautika sukhasagavaDo vadhI saMsthAnavAda ane samAjavAda TheraThera pragaTavA. yuropamAM rASTravAdanI prabaLa asara varatAvA lAgI. amerikAnA svAtaMtrya vigrahe paNa leAkazAhInI tathA nUtana sabhya samAjanI ahAleka pAkArI. e vizvayuddhoe jagatenA raMgamaMca upara ghaNAM pAtrA AvatAM ane vidAya thatAM 19. vAharalAla neharu : ' mAruM hiMdanuM darzIna. ' eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 joyAM. vizvanI 2'mabhUmi upara bhArate vizva zAMtine avAja khulaMda banAvavA sama prayatnomAM ja enI saMskRtinu netRtva jhaLake che. azAka, akabara ane javAhara e ApaNI saMskRtinA nyAtidhA che. emanA jevA prajApriya zAsakoe; rAmakRSNa, vivekAnaMda ane vinAbA jevA AdhyAtmika saMtAe ane satya ziva suvaramanI AbehUba pratikRta jevA pU. gAMdhIjI, zrI araviMda ane maharSi ravIndranAtha ThAkure emanI vANI ane kAryoMmAM emaNe AtmasAt karelI bhAratIya saMskRtine sayucita paricaya jagatane karAbyo. vivekAnaMda araviMda gAMdhI ane rAdhAkRSNane dharmanuM-yugadharmanuM utkRSTa svarUpa prA samakSa rajU karyuM. bhAratIya saMskRtinI A bhavya gAthAne dariyApAranI bhAratIya saMskRti oLakhyA vinA mUlavavI adhUrI ja gaNAya sara jaheAna mAla nAMdhe che. " kevaLa hiMdamAM ja hiMdI kalAne jANavI, e tenI aradhI kathA jANavA barAbara che. tene sAMgA pAMga samajavA mATe ApaNe bauddha dharmanI sAthe sAthe madhya eziyA, cIna ane jApAnamAM javuM joie. tibeTa brahmadeza ane ziyAmamAM phelAI te je navAM rUpe! dhAraNa kare che ane navuM saundarya pragaTa kare che, te nihALavu joie temaja jAvA ane kabADiyAmAM tenAM bhavya ane benamUna sarjanA jovAM joie. " chatAM bhAratIya saMskRtinI A gauravagAthA vize cheka hamaNAM sudhI deza ane duniyA lagabhaga aANu hatAM AthI ja zrI Ara. sI. majamudAre tene bhAratIya itihAsanu bhulAI gayelu chatAM khUba ja javalaMta prakaraNa 2 kahyuM che. pazcima eziyA, pUrva eziyA, madhya eziyA ane agni eziyAnA pradezamAM tyAMnA leAkA sAthe ekarasa banI jaI bhAratIya saMskRtinI phorama jIvananA badhA stara para vyApI gaI hatI. bhAratIya saMskRtinI A sthiratA sthApakatA elasticity ne aMjali ApatAM sI. I. ema. joDa lakhe che ke, " mAnavajAtine bhAratavAsIoe je sauthI meTI cIja. varadAna rUpe ApI che te e ke, bhAratavAsI huMmezAM aneka jAtionA loko ane aneka prakAranA vicAreAnI vacce sama nvaya karavA taiyAra tatpara rahyA che. ane badhA prakAranI vividhatAonI vacce ekatA kAyama karavAnI lAyakAta vathA tAkAta lAjavAba rI che. '' 21 AthI ja zrI darzaka kahe che ke " koIpaNa deza, koIpaNa kALe evA saMskRti pradAna mATe gaurava le te emAM kazuM anucita nathI; '22 e vidhAnamAM itihAsanu satya rahevu joI zakAya che. 20 R. C. Majumdar : Ancient India. 21 rAmadhArI siMha 'dinakara' saMskRtike cAra adhyAya pR. 97 upara 22 manubhAI pa'cAlI 'da'ka' : ' ApaNA vArase! ane vaibhava.

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 387 prAcIna bhAratanI A mahAna saMskRtine kALanAM aneka kadI nahi I che ke A strota sukAI jAya. eTale ja varaNa paDa nIcethI saMdhI punarjivita karavAnuM mAna aMgreja saMzodhana ne Adarza ApaNI sAme rAkhavAmAM Avyo hato. ApaNI kArane phALe jAya che. mekasamUlara, eca. eca. vilsana ane rAjanitika svataMtratA dvArA ja pharIthI AdhyAtmika svataMtratA sara viliyama jensa jevA yuropIya vidvAnoe bhAratanA A prApta thaze. saMte ane RSionI A bhUmi upara prAcIna garavA atItane khajAno duniyA samakSa khule karI Ape. vegane agni pharIthI prajavalita thaze ane lokenA hRdaya bhArate Aje ghaNA kSetre pragati sAdhI che. ane samagra vive sanAtana purUSonA sAnnidhyamAM unnata banaze"....... paNa avanavAM kSetromAM avanavIna siddhio hAMsala karI che. ane jyAre ema thaze tyAre " sAvitrI " nI vANImAM yaMtravijJAnanA yugathI paNa AgaLa avakAza yuga-Space Age ApaNe sau belI UThIzuM kemAM ApaNe pravezI tUkyA chIe. ane tethI ja err Raa maHT | 'ane pRthvI thAze pragaTa gRha AtmA paramanuM!" jA tava : ghag vizva: - badhI ja dizAethI umadA vicAro prApta thAo , e vedanA ArSadRSTAnuM ApaNane satata maraNa bhAratanI prakhyAta mIle rahe e ISTa che. rASTrapitA gAMdhIjInI vANI e bAbatamAM ! sAthe ura paNa kare cheH "mArA gharanAM bArI bAraNAM baMdha che gArDana, AI. sI. jI., jhenItha tathA jagadaMbhA vi. karIne huM aMdara purAI rahevA mAgato nathI. dezedezanI saMskRtine! mIlanI leiTesTa DIjhAInanI sADIo tathA vAyu mArA gharanI AsapAsa chUTathI vAya ema huM IcchuM chuM." - 3 paNa e vAyu mane potAne ja uDADI mUke e mane maMjUra zakI che. nathI bhAratIya saMskRtie prajApurUSArtha ane prajAtinyanA trika sADImAM bheTa maLeDhI jema suvarNayuge joyA che tema samaye samaye aMdhakArayugane A bahaMLanI lokathiI paNa anubhava karyo che. tema chatAM zrI araviMda zraddhApUrvaka kahe che ke : "bhagavAne bhAratanI vizeSa rUpe AdhyAtmikatAnA pavitra ane zAzvata mULastrota rUpe racanA karI che, ane te 23. me. ka. gAMdhI : " ya ga iDiyA' tA. 1 6-1921. rAmovANasa mATe avazya padhAre sAvalI gADI dhI . surata jillA sahakArI saMgha jillA paMcAyata bilaDI ga. pahele mALe, dariyA mahela, surata, sahakArI saMsthAono vikAsa tenA jAgRta sabhyo para avalaMbe che. maMDaLInA sabhyo, ho dedAre ane kamiTi sabhyo, karmacArIo ane tenI sAthe saMkaLAyelA saune sahakArI pravRtti, tenuM kAmakAja, u deze ane siddhAMte sArI rIte samajI zake te mATe surata jillA sahakArI saMgha, jilalAmAM sahakArI zikSaNa, tAlIma ane pracAra ane prakAzananuM kAmakAja kare che. mahilAone sahakArI pravRttimAM rasa letA karavA mATe mahilAonA sahakArI zikSaNa vargo calAvavAmAM Ave che. jillAnA praznonI carcA karI gya nikAla mATe pariSado, saMmelano, seminAra ane zibiro yojavAmAM Ave che. sahakArI saMsthAone lagatuM jarUrI sAhityanuM vecANa paNa karavAmAM Ave che. ramaNalAla cha. gAMdhI mAnadamaMtrI. prabodhabhAI ga. joSI upAdhyakSa AzAbhAI za. paTela adhyakSa Jain Education Intemational

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366 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 Shah Engineering & Equipment Co. INDENTORS & STOCKISTS OF HIGH SPEED, STAINLESS CARBON, EN : SPECIFICATION STEELS AND ALL KIDS OF TOOLS AND ALLOY STEELS KASSARA STREET, DARUKHANA MAZAGAON, BOMBAY 10 DD. :** 111*: ******:** **!11111011 Maharashtra Steel Co. *********** SPECIALIST IN : PROF. LES 145, KASSARA STREET, DARUKHANA, BOMBAY 10 DD. ***:14:42:31:48+08:::******** ******************************************* Shah Construction Company Limited Engineers & Contractors "SHAH HOUSE" Shivsagar Estate Dr. Annie Besant Road, Worli, BOMBAY-18 W. B. Sole Concessionaires in India of "LEOBA" Prestressing System (A Patent by Dr. I eonhardt of West Germany ) Undertake Design and Construction Works of all types such as :Reinforced Cement Concrete Structures Buildingo Bridges-Prestressed & R. C. C. Tapping Underground Water Water Purification & Sewage Treatment Cement Concrete & Asphalt Roads Dams & Canals Steel Fabricated Structures Guniting Plumbing & Sanitation Electrical Installations of all types 19:00 ******* *** . . Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnA jayotirdharo zrI ramaNIkalAla ja, dalAla maryAdA puruSottama zrI rAma (1) rAmAyaNa yuga. khetIvADImAM sAro evo sudhAro vadhAro thayo hato eTale | gomAMsanA AhArane saMpUrNa pratibaMdha mUkavAmAM AvyuM. AryAvartana AryomAM evI praNAlika jAmI gaI hatI ke kaI paNa vyakti asAmAnya viziSTha zuM dharAvanI najare vedakALamAM lekene khetIvADI eka ja dha dha hato khAsa paDe ke tene IzvaranI keTamAM mUkI devI. Ama te prANI mAtra karI aune mAthe e javAbadArI nAkhavAmAM AvI hatI. IzvarI aMza che. chatAM je vyaktimAM e IzvarI aMza vadhu rAmAyaNu yugamAM vaizyane dhaMdhe vyApAra hate. ( juo bAlapaDate tarI Avato najare paDe tene sAmAnya mAnavIthI ucca kAMDa prakaraNa paheluM.) paraMtu vyApAramAM vastIne ghaNe e che ttara kaTine gaNavAno rivAja thaI paDelo ane evI kaI bhAga pravRta raheto jyAre khetIvADImAM sitera TakA vastI rokAvyaktimAM je prakAranA guNo vadhAre pramANamAM hoya te prakAranA yelI rahetI. vaizya vastInA mAMDa traNa TakA hatA eTale devanA avatAra tarIke ene manAvavAmAM AvatuM. Ama Izvara khetIvADIne pahoMcI vaLI zake nahi. eTale anAryo khetIvaMzanA mahArAjA dazarathane tyAM zrI rAmano janma thayo ane vADImAM jhaMpalAvatA paraMtu e vaizyanI barAbarI karI zakatA ditapratidana emane vikAsa thaye temAM mahAmAnavanAM sarva nahi ane pitAne vaizya kahevarAvatA paNa nahi Ama emane lakSaNe emanAmAM daSTigocara thayA. e lakSaNonI cakAsaNI eka na vaNa ubhuM thaye e AryonA cAra varSothI nirALa karatAM emanAmAM mAnavI mAtranA sarvazreSTha guNone vAsa thayela hatuM. eTale baizya khetI karatA e dAkhavavA eka paNa purA jaNAye ne tethI te puruSottama gaNAyA, paraMtu emanI zreSThatA maLI zakatA nathI. mAnavaguNa puratI maryAdita hatI e kaI alaukika camatkArika vyakti tarIke nahotA jIvyA tethI e maryAdA puruttama kahe- manunA kathana mujaba zudra-majUrone paricArakonI vAyA e manAmAM vadhu paDatA sAtvika guNone AvirbhAva hovAthI saMkhyA vadhI javI na joIe nahi te dezanuM akalyANa thAya. emane sarakhAvI zakAya evA AryonI mAnyatA mujabanA 2 4 mu pufmakSa 4Tfgha jozotama | Ama zudranI deva pAlanahAra viSNu hatA. tethI zrI rAma viSNunA avatAra saMkhyA anya traNa varNa karatAM vadhavA devAnI nahi. eTale manAyA ane maryAdA puruSottama zrI rAmanA nAme prasiddha atyAre je aneka jAtio khetIvADImAM rokAyelI che e zUdra nahatI ne vaizya paNa nahatI. rAmAyaNa yugamAM loko mAMsAhArI hatA. Aje paNa vedakALamAM traNa brAhmaNa kSatriya baccA vaNe : ne vaizya uttara bhAratanA leke mAMsAhAranA virodhI nathI. hareka prakA- dvija kahevAtI. parantu rAmAyaNa yugamAM te kevaLa brAhmaNeja ranA pazunuM mAMsa ne mAchalI temane vajarya nahotAM. (juo dvija lekhAtA. rAma brAhmaNa nahatA eTale emane upanayana araNyakAMDa prakaraNa 47) khetIvADIne e gALAmAM hajI saMskAra thayA nahotA. mAtra eka ja sthaLe emaNe upavIta prAraMbha ja thaye hatA. eTale anAja zAkabhAjI ane phaLa- grahaNa karyAno ullekha che. ( ayodhyA keDa: prakaraNa 20 ), phaLAdi utpanna karavAmAM AvatAM paraMtu samagra vastInA AhA- kSatriye ne vaizyane pAchaLathI phijane darajajo ApavAmAM ranI AvazyakatAne pUrI pADe eTalA vipUla pramANamAM te AvyuM hoya ema jaNAya che. nahotAM. dhIme dhIme Aryo TharI ThAma thayA : saMskArI jIvana vedakALamAM madyapAna dhikakAravAmAM AvatuM. kevaLa dhArmika jIvatA thayA ane temanI vastI vadhI tema tema anAja zAka. bhAjI ne phalaphalAdina utpAdanamAM vadhAro thayA. ane khetI, prasaMgoeja e95 semapAnanI chUTa hatI. paranta rAmAyaNa vADI janatAne mukhya vyavasAya banI rahyo. yugamAM badhA ja madyapAnamAM rAcatA. rAma paNa apavAda nahotA. eka vAra emaNe sItAne paNa gIra pradezamAM madyapAna karAvyuM have khetIvADI gAya ane tenA saMtAne vinA zakaya hatuM. (uttarakAMDa prakaraNa para) paraMtu jema jema saMskRtine vistAra nahotI eTale gAyane pavitra lekhavAmAM AvI ane gaumAMsanA thato gayo tema tema e enA prati napharata dAkhavI. AhArane niSedha karavAmAM AvyuM. vedanI racanAnA samaye chevaTe manue kAnUna ghaDI pratibaMdha mUkyA.

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390 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 sarvapiri rahA ne e ATAM paNe hatAM sI e pagAe dakSiNa rAmAyaNa yugamAM varNAzrama dharma khUbaja kaDaka rIte sarva sadguNo saMskRti ne saMskArane potAnAmAM ja pALavAmAM Avate rAmAyaNamAM AMtara jJAtiya anulakSI vAsa che evI AryonI mAnyatA hatI. ene artha e nathI lagnanA mAtra beja kissA che. vahuttira lagnanuM eka paNa udA- ke viDIyanA che potAnA saMskAra ne saMskRtti paradezI Aryo haraNa nathI. bharate hanumAnane seLa Arya kanyAo paraNAvavAno pAsethI prApta karyA hatA. laphamaNe kareluM kiSkiAnuM varNana prastAva mUkyo hato parantu te lagnamAM pariNamyo na hateA (jUo ane hanumAne kareluM laMkAnuM vahani A vAtathI sAkSI pUre yuddhakAMDa prakaraNa 127) vedakALamAM varNAntara lagno pracalita che. vidyA ne kalAvi jJAnamAM A caDiyAtA hatA evuM kayAM thayAM parantu tene protsAhana te naja apAyuM. paraMtu dhIme ya detuM nathI. balka viDipana saMskRti AryasaMskRti karatAM dhIme Arya ne anArya jAtisthAne samanvaya vadhato gayo ne caDiyAtI jAya che. chevaTe teo hinda tarIke oLakhAya. emane dharma brAhmaNane ( kiSkidhAnA vAnaro kAMi vAMdarA nahotA. e eka manuSya abrAhmaNa dharmanuM mizraNa banyo. jAti ja hatI. AnA jevI ja dakSiNa bhArata prathama zrI Arya yuganA Izvara karatAM rAmAyaNu yugamAM dene vadhu rAme rAjakIya vijaya prApta karyo. pachI e dhArmika ne mahatva apAyuM paraMtu vedakALamAM Izvara ja sarvapiri rahyA ne sAmAjIka vijaya sAdhyA AryomAM jJAtivAda, ne aspRzyatA deve pAzvabhUmimAM lupta thayA. anekezvara vAdanuM sthAna eka- e be ATA duSaNe hatAM : dravIDiyomAM emanu eka paNa zvaravAde lIdhuM. duSaNa nahotuM paraMtu AryonA vijaya pachI e duSaNoe dakSiNa bhAratamAM paNa pagapesAro karyo. anya dharmAntara karanArAnI peThe rAmAyaNa yugamAM manuSyanI utkaTa mahatvAkAMkSA svargavAsI DhavIDiyo paNa dharmAntara pachI Arya dharmanA vadhAre mukta jAvAnI hatI. mekSa yA mukitanI bhAvanA upaniSada kALamAM anuyAyI banyA ane kSAtivAda ane aspRzyatAe tyAM paNa astitvamAM AvI. Ama rAmAyaNa prAgaitihAsika ne vedaracanA vadhAre pagadaMDo jamAvyuM. agAune samaya che ne gheda racAye pAMca hajAra varSa thayAM evI gaNatrI che. - Ama AnA dakSiNa bhArata parano vijaya saMpUrNa banyo ane Aryo ne hAviDyiAnamAM lehI tuM ne saMskRti Ama rAmanA samayamAM pahelI ja vAra Ayee samaya mizraNa thavA pAmyuM. Aje cakakhA Aryano paNa nathI ne bhAratavarSa upara AryonuM ekacakI rAjya sthApyuM. DhavIDiyo paNa jovA maLatA nathI mAtra lehIne saMskArakanuM 2 2AmAyaNa pramANu uttara ne dakSiNa bhAratamAM akahyuM hatuM jaNAya eTaluM ja kavIDiyana rAjA rAvaNa Aya rAjakumArI sItAnuM apaharaNa rAmAyaNa hakIkata ne ka9panAnuM mizraNa che. ka9pa karI gaye: rAmapatnI sItAne vImAnamAM upADI gayo e vadhAre che. hakIkate AvI che. A uttara bhAratamAM sthAyI thayA AkhIye vAta kavinI kalpanA jaNAya che. zAhIvAdI Aryone tyAra pachI temaNe dakSiNa bhArata kabaje karyuM tenI A kathA dakSiNa bhAratanI zAntipriya prajA para AkramaNa karavA kaMIka che. ayodhyAnA rAjA rAma emanA eka bhAi lakmaNane sAthe bahAnuM te joIe ne ! eTale bicArI nirdoSa ne durAgI lai dakSiNa bhArata sara karavA lazkarI AkramaNa AraMbha che. sItA jevI strIne jIvanabhara naraka yAtanA veThatI batAvI. pitAnA uttara bhAratanA rAjyanI vyavasthA potAnA trIjA bhAI bharata ane zatunane saMpatA jAya che. rAma daMDakAraNyamAM vanavAsa e to sAcI rIte dakSiNa bhArata para lazkarI AkramaNa ja hatuM rAma lakSmaNa sItA didhA ne laMkAM : be draviDa mahArAje dakSiNa bhAratamAM vakala paherI vanamAM javA nIkaLyAM paraMtu e rezamI vastro hatA: diSkindhAmAM vAnara jAtinA loko rahetA. laDakAMmAM rAkSaso ne jhaverAta paheratAM e vAta paNu kahevAI che. ( juo drikidhA rahetA. A baMne rAjya zrI rAme Ayone sArvabhaumatA kAMDa prakaraNa 6 ) ( suMdarakAMDa prakara 15, 29, 67 ne yuddha nIce ANI makayA; pahelAmAM rAjanIti ne hatyAne Azraya kAMDa prakaraNa 21) e kaMdamULa ne phaLa khAi jIvatAM ema lIdho. bIjAmAM rAjanIti ne muddhane Azraya lIdhA zAhI vAdI kahevAyuM che sAthe sAthe e mAMsAhAra paNa karatAM e spaSTa che ne saMsthAna vAdI Aryoe dakSiNu bhAratanAM rAjya eka chatra (aviyAkAMDa prakaraNa 41) ne madhapAna paNa karatAM (suMdara nIce AyA. sugrIva ane vibhISaNe Aryana vijetA zrI rAmanI kAMDa prakaraNa 36). sarvoparitA svIkArI. bhAratavarSanI samagra prajAne sakala saMpatti izvAkunI che azvI zrI rAme ghoSaNA karI. koI vyakitanuM ke zrI rAma vanavAsa jatAM pitAnI sAthe kuza zvAsa laI saMsthAnuM svataMtra astitva rahevA dIdhuM nahi manuSyane pitAnA gayA eTaluM ja nahi paNa sarva prakAranI zastrasAmagrI talavAra, jIvana para paNa svataMtra adhikAra rahyo nahi. ( kiSkindhA kAMDa dhanuSyabANa, parazu, gadA, kRpANu vagere paNa sAthe laI gayA : prakaraNa 18) hatA. rAmane vanavAsa daramiyAna dAsIe emanI sevA chezrI rAme lIdhA. mANI cUkayA Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 391 uDAvatI. e dAsIonA aMge paNa alaMta hatAM ne emanA enI vAsanA saMteSAya emAM ja emanA sukhanI itizrI zarIre atrara ne cadananA lepa thatA ( yuddhakAMDa prakaraNa 21 ) AvI jatI. A AdivAsI pradezamAM prathama traSimunio dharmapracAra indrane ahalyAnA prasaMgamAM IndramAM rahelI pazutA ne karavA jatA. emanA rakSaNanA bahAne Arya rAjAo Adi- ahalyAmAM rahelA ahaMbhAvanuM patika che banemAMthI keIne vAsIo sAme yuddha khelatA. ne temane parAjIta karI potAnA eka bIjA para prema nahote pariNAme bannene yogya daMDa tAbedAra banAvatA. bhogavavo paDe. rAmAyaNamAM sAta kAMDa che. prathama cha maharSi vAlmikIe vizvAmitra menakA para mahI paDyA paraMtu putrI janma lakhelA kahevAya che. sAtamo kAMDa pachInA ochI pratibhAvALA thatAM ja emanA mohano aMta Avyo ane prati vizvAmitrane kavioe racyo jaNAya cheprathama cha bhAgamAM hakIkatane ka5 dhraNa upajI ne bannene jaMgalamAM rajhaLatAM mUkI e himAnAnuM sarakhuM pramANa che, jyAre sAtamAM kAMDamAM kalpanA ja laya - laya bhAgI gayA (bAlakAMDa prakaraNa 63) vadhAre najare paDe che. chatAM badhA ja kAMDa purANuM che. adhikRta mahArAjA daMDa vimamAcala ne zivAlI girimALa vaccenA ne pavitra mAnavAmAM Ave che. AvA purANa mahAna graMthamAM pradeza para rAjya karatA hatA. temaNe mohAMdha banI zakAghaNA sudhArA vadhArA thayA hoya e zakaya che keTalAka spaSTa che. cAryanI putrI arunI para baLAtkAra gujAryo pariNAme brahmarSinA keTalAka garbhita che. rAjA, enI sattAne, prajA, DhoraDhAMkara, pazupaMkhIo, vRkSo, saMpatti tamAma bhasmIbhUta thaI gayuM ne be pradeza 3 rAmAyaNa : eka premakathA daMDakSara tarIke oLakhAya (uttara kAMDa : 93-94) rAmAyaNa eka mahAna praNayakathA che. emAM hiMsA, kesarI khyAtanAma vAnaradhdha hato. aMjanA enI vera, AkramaNa, IrSA, droha, ityAdi ghaNuM ghaNuM che chatAM mukhya suMdara patnI. vAyue aMjanA para atyAcAra gujAryo pariNAme taMtu premakathAnA ja che. hanumAnane janma thayo. e vizvane mahAbrahmacArI banyA. dazaratha kauzalyAne vRddhAvasthAmAM paraNyA e kaI praNaya (kiSkiLA kAMDa prakaraNa 66) lagna nahotuM. emane saMtAna nahotuM tethI gAdI vArasa meLa- devavatI eka suMdara kanyA hatI duzadhvaja rAjAnIe vavA temaNe e trIjuM lagna karyuM hatuM. viSAda ne mRtyu enuM dIkarI. kuzadhvaja vikhyAta brahmaSi hatA. vedavatI devenI jIvanamAM pariNAma AvyuM. mazahura guru bRhaspatinI patrI thAya. rAvaNe ene aMtapuramAM sthAna ApavA prastAva mukyo. paraMtu enuM dila viSNumAM lagna pachI rAmasItAnuM praNaya vira dAMpatya varNavAmAM lAgyuM hatuM. eTale eNe vinamratAthI rAvaNanI mAgaNI AvyuM che paraMtu lagna pachInA pahelA tabakkAmAM to badhAja InkArI. rAkSasoe enuM parANe haraNa karyuM. enA ziyaLane navada patI e pramANe praNayavibhera bane che paraMtu rAvaNanA vadhA bhaMga karyo. lajAnI mArI mArI e nirdoSa kumArIkAe pachI badhI ja muzkelIone aMta Avyo tyAre sItAne AtmahatyA karI (uttarakAMDa prakaraNa 17) ene agnipraveza sukhanA divasa bhegavavAnA AvyA tyAre rAme emano tyAga karatI aTakAvavA vigu enI vahAre na thAya parAkramI rAkSa karyo keIpaNa prakAranA doSa vinA devAyelA A vanavAse ja AgaLa emanA cakranuM kAMI na vaLyuM. bAkI emaNe draDhayuddhanuM emanI pAse AtmahatyA karAvI. rAkSasane AmaMtraNa ApavuM joItuM hatuM. ene mAra hatA yA pate yamazaraNa thavuM hatuM. Ama vedatIne zuddha prema surpaNakhA prathama daSTipAte ja rAma para mahI paDI hatI paraMtu ene prema eka taraphI hato pariNAme lakSmaNe veDaphAI gaye. enAM nAka kAna kApI lIdhAM. kumArI sAmadAre putraprAptinI jhaMkhanA hatI paranta ene keInI patnI banavuM nahotuM. eNe munivara culInI sahAya rAvaNa sItAnuM apaharaNa karI game tyAre eno sItA yAcI. emaNe maMtreluM pravAhI ene ApyuM ne bradhadattane para prema nota ubharAI gayo. e mehAMdha paNa naheAte janma thaye parantu samadA ne culI vacce premanuM nAmanizAna banyA paraMtu kevaLa verAgni tRpta karavA ja eNe e Aca nahotuM. brahmadatta kaMpAbAne rAjA thayA ne vizvAmitranI raNa karyuM hatuM. pariNAme ene enA kuLano vinAza thaye. hajAra pheI sAthe lagna karyA (bAlakAMDa prakaraNa 33) tArAne vAlI pratino prema nahote. kevaLa dehika rAmAyaNamAM zuddha premanuM udAraNa phakata caMdra ja che vAsanA ja hatI. sattAlupatA hatI. eNe vAlIne sugrIva maharSi agni ne mahAsatI anasUyAnuM. (aryAdamA kAMDa prakaraNa banne prati prema dAkhavyo che enuM mahArANIpada sacavAya ne 117) Jain Education Intemational

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392 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga-2 e jamAnAmAM sIdhA sAdA manuSyasumAM karaDe zuddha 5 prArabdha ne karma : prema dharAvatAM daMpatI thaI gayAM haze paraMtu A prAcIna graMthamAM enI kayAM ya oMdha lakhAI nathI. AkhAya mahAkAvyamAM A zabdo vAraMvAra vaparAyA che. manuSyanI IcchA viruddha kaMIka bane yA geralAbha viruddha bane 4 rAmarAjaya to ene kismata yA prArabdha lAvavAmAM Ave che ulaTu kAMI IcchatA lAbhadAyI ke aNadhAryuM ane te IzvarecchA kahI mana kei paNa rAjavI karatAM rAmarAjya judA ja prakAranuM vALI levAmAM Ave che. paraMtu rAmAyaNanA kathana anusAra hatuM. dazarathanuM rAjya paNa rAmarAjya karatAM judA prakAranuM kAMI paNa lAbhadAyI ke geralAbhadAyI, Icchita ke anicchita hatuM. bannee hajAro varSa rAjya karyuM ane temanA rAjyakALamAM bane e pUrva nirNita che ne te bhaviSya para vijaya meLavavA prajA sukhI ne AbAda hatI. rAjyamAM eka paNa puruSa evo prayAsa kare azakaya che. nahote ke jenI pAse suvarNakuMDaLa na hoyane eka paNa strI evI nahotI ke jenA kaMThanAM suvarNa caMdrahAra na hoya. kismata yA prArabdhanA ziddhAMtathI alaga rIte e gALAmAM karmano siddhAMta vadhu pracalita hate. manuSyane jIvanamAM saMpatti duSkALane rogacALAnuM nAmanizAna nahotuM patnIe patinI maLe ke vipatti Ave e enA pUrva janmane sArAnarasA AjJAdhIna hatI. ko TuMbika kartavyanuM kadI ullaMghana thatuM nahi. cAritrya ane tartananuM je phaLa lekhavAmAM AvatuM. rAjAo brAhmaNonA Adeza mujaba vartatA vaiSNu kSatrio sa ane brAhmaNonA Adezo pALatA. zudro traNe viSNunI AjJAne rAmane yuvarAja pade abhiSeka karavAnuM aTakI gayuM. mIna ApatA. tyAre rAme emAM pitAnA prArabdhanI ja uNapa joI hatI. kalpI na zakAya e prArabdha. prANI mAtrane karmanA phaLa varNasaMkatAne saMpUrNa pratibaMdha hato jJAtibahAra bhegavyA vinA chUTake ja thI. (adhyAkAMDa prakaraNa 22) mUkAyela vyaktio samAja bahAra lekhAtI. emanuM jIvana duHkhI duHkhI thaI jatuM. bhinna bhinna nItine eka bIjI sAthe rAvaNe sItAnuM apaharaNa karyuM tyAre rAme lakSamaNane bhaLatAM aTakAvavuM kAyadesara lekhAtuM. kahyuM : "mArA pUrva janmamAM jarUra meM aneka karmo karyA haze tenuM ja phaLa huM atyAre bhogavI rahyo chuM pUrva janmanA koI mAtApitAnA jIvana daramiyAna putranuM kadI avasAna pApe ja mArA para Apatti para Apatti jhIMkAtI ja rahe che. thatuM nahi. dazaratha rAjyane rAmarAjyamAM eka ja mahatvano ( araNyakAMDa : prakaraNa 63) lakSmaNe bhAIne sAttvana ApavA taphAvata hatA. dazaratha rAjyamAM sIone kadI vaidhavya prApta prayAsa karyo che * jIda devo pote ja prArabdha AdhIna che. thatuM jyAre rAmarAjyamAM strIone kadI vaidhavya prApta te manuSyanuM to zuM gajuM? IndrAdika dene paNa saMkaTone thata nahi. kadAca rAme koI paNa vyaktie pitAnAthI nAnI sAmano karavo paDe che eTale Apa Ama Akranda kare e hoya evI strI sAthe lagna karavA nahi e rAme pratibaMdha bIlakula zebhatuM nathI. (araNyakAMDa : prakaraNa 66) mUkyo hato. vRddhone mRtyu paheluM AvatuM eTale strIne vidhavA sItA laMkAmAM kArAvAsa bhegavI rahyAM hatA tyAre temaNe thavAno saMbhava ja raheto naDe. rAvaNane meDhe moDha kahyuM hatuM : "A aparAdha tArA kALanuM nimitta banavA nirmAye na hota te tuM mAruM apaharaNa karI dazaratha rAjA hatA. rAma samrATa hatA. temanA kALamAM ja zakya na hota. (suMdara kAMDa : prakaraNa 22 ) ayodhyAnuM je varNana ApavAmAM AvyuM che temAM phakta be vAta baMdhabesatI AvatI nathI; eka sthaLe dazaratha pitAnI jelavAsamAM cokI karatI rAkSasIo samakSa sItA hatApatnIne khUza karavA kahe che, "tane yegya na hoya evI zAthI belI UThI hatIH "mArA pUrva janmamAM evuM te kevuM vyaktine huM yamasadana pahoMcADI zakuM chuM. tane lAyaka heya bhayaMkara pApa meM karyuM haze ke mArA para A bhayaMkara Apatti tene huM kSamA ApI zakuM chuM. kaI paNa zrImaMtane huM garIba AvI paDI che? ( suMdara kAMDa : prakaraNa 25) banAvI zakuM chuM.' (ayodhyA kAMDa prakaraNa 10 ) Ane artha e thaye Te dazarathanA rAjyamAM keinuMya jIvana ke milakata rAvaNa sItAne raNakSetra para laI Avyo che. rAma lakSamaNa salAmata nahotAM. bIjI e vAta ke rAme yuganI sauthI vadhAre mRtyu pAmyA mRtyu pAmyA che ema tene batAve che tyAre te svatraMta bAvaDe sadaguNI nArIne vinA vAMke tyAga karyo ne jIvanaparyata vanavAsa che kimatanI balihArI" (yuddha kAMDa : prakaraNa 48 ) Apyo ne te paNa jyAre te garbhavatI hatI. potAnI patnI sItAne deza nikAla karavAmAM Ave che. tene jaMgalamAM pratye je eka rAjA ATale ghAtakI banI zake te e prajA cheDI mUkavAmAM Ave che. ene ekAkI chaDI lakSmaNa vidAya prati dayAno sAgara haze e vAta kema mAnI zakAya. ? le che tyAre e kamanasiba mahilA AMsubharI akAvI lakSmaNane Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 393 kahe che: " bhUtakALamAM evAte zAM pApa karyA haze? pUrva temanI patnIo maMdodarI ne tArA prArabdha yA karmanI vAta janmamAM ke.Ine patithI vikhUTI pADI haze? huM pavitra chuM nahotI karatI. emAM pati paMcamahAbhUtamAM maLI gayA che saguNI chuM chatAM ya mahArAje mAre tyAga karyo ! (uttara kAMDa: ema kahIne ja sAntavana letI. (yuddha kAMDa prakaraNa 118: prakaraNa 58) kiSkidhA kAMDa prakaraNa 20 ) lakSamaNa jIvanabhara prArabdhamAM mAnato nahote prArabdhane Ama rAmApaNu yugamAM A Izvara karatAM karmamAM prayatnathI TALI zakAya ema mAnate. chatAM saddaguNa mRti sItA- vadhAre mAnatA jIne rAme dezanikAla karI bhayaMkara anyAya karyo : atyAra sudhI lakSmaNa emane dharmanA avatAra lekhate hane chatAM temane hAryuM ke tyAga bhAvanA : A apatya thayuM tyAre eNe kevaLa prArabdhane ja nimitta dakSiNa bhAratanA vijaya pachI tyAMnI prajAnuM naitika baLa gayuM : " kimate ja rAma ne viderIne chUTAM pADayAM che. kimata eTaluM badhuM tuTI gayuM ke svAtaMtranI jhaMkhanA paNa teo khAI koInAthI TALI zakAtuM nathI. maithilI aMgenA moTA lokApa beThA dhIme dhIme temaNe AkramaNane dharma, rivAje ne AcAro vAdathI keTalI apamAna janaka kAravAI karavAmAM AvI ?' sArathI apanAvI lIdhA. gulAmImAM sukha mAnI beThA. vijetAnA guNasamatre paNa ene anumadina ApyuM : * prArabdhanI gati gAna karI rahyA. svAtaMtrayanAza ne svIta zaraNAgatine akalita cheke (uttara kAMTa : prakaraNa 60) teoe tyAgabhAvanAthI vadhAvI lIdhI. hinda izvarane sarajanahAra mAne che. jIvanamAM e koI paNa pradeza, kadI paNa dezadrohIonI sahAya vinA sukhI thAya to tene IzvaranI kRpA lekhe che. jIvanamAM duHkha chatA nathI. sugrIne potAnA droha badala pazcAtApa paNa Ave te e Izvarane doSa devA prerAto nathI tyAM e prArabdha karyo paranuM vibhISaNe te potAnA dezadrohane bIlakula yA karmane mArge doSano Topalo lekhe che. prANImAtra IzvaranA pazcAtApa karyo nahote. rAma ne hanumAna vibhISaNane drohI ra'-tAna che chatA keTalAMka sukhI che keTalAMka duHkhI che tene lekhe che (yuddhakAMDa prakaraNa pa0) hanumAna zrI rAmane kahe che: apavAda A rIte TaLe che. 'vibhISaNa vAlInI hatyA ne sugrIvanA rAjyArohadrAnI hakIkata IzvaramAM AsthA rAkhanArane karmano siddhAMta sagavaDa jANe che eTaluM ja nahi paNa ene laMkA para rAjya karavAnI bharyo jaNAya che. Ivara manuSyane saraje che. pachI pitAnuM IcchA che (yuddhakAMDa prakaraNa 17) rAtre hanumAna ne bIjA jIvana sukhI ke duHkhI banAvavA ene chUTo mUke che e sadAcArI sAthIone jaNAvyuM, "rajAone be spaSTa zatruo hoya che : haze te pachInA janmamAM e sukhI thaze e pApI haze to sagAvahAlAM ne paDozIone Apatti samaye A loko droha pachInA janmamAM ene duHkha paDaze kare che. vilhI: Na laMkAnuM rAjaya prApta karavAnA lebhathI ja ApaNI pAse Avyo (yuddhakAMDa : prakaraNa 18) rAmane viSAdamaya jIvana gALavuM paDyuM kAraNa ke parva janmamAM emaNe pApa karyo haze evuM e jAte mAnatA. eTale raNabhUmi para rAma ne lakSmaNa IndrajItanAM bANathI leke emane prabhunA avatAra gaNe che ne prabhu kadI pApI hato mUchavaza thayA tyAre e nahi bace ema dhArI vibhISaNa nathI eTale temanI mAnyatA Ama khoTI Thare che. vAlimakI vilApa kare che : "A be vIrapuruSe ! A be narasiMho ! pate emane IzvanA avatAra lekhatA nathI. emane e vizu mUchavaza paDyA che. emanA para mahArI mahatvakAMkSA pUrNa thavAne gaNe che. ne vie maharSi bhRgunI patnIne potAnA ekathI badhAMja AdhAra che. laMkAnA rAjA banavAnI mArI icchA nanTa zirachokarI pApa karyuM hatuM. ( uttara kAMDa : prakaraNa 61) thatAM huM jIvatA maryA barAbara chuM (yuddhakAMDa prakaraNa 10) sItA pUrvajamamAM vedavatI hatI ( uttarakAMDa prakaraNa Ama arthataMtrane svAtaMtrayabhaMjaka na gaNAvatAM kalyANa 17) vedavatIe potAnA TUMkA jIvanamAM bIlakula pApAcaraNa karI lekhAvA mATe dakSiNa bhAratanA vAsIoe tyAganI bhAva karyuM nahotuM eTale pachInA janmamAM ene sukha maLavuM je nAne mahatva ApyuM bAkI eka rItee gulAmI ja hatI. Io parantu sItAno avatAra pAmI jagatanI koI paNa strI dezabhakti, rASTrabhAvanA ne svAtaMtra e zabdo arthavihoNA na pAmI hoya eTaluM duHkha pAmI. paraMtu karmano siddhAMta banI gayA. sthitisthApaka che. eNe AgalA janmamAM nahi to enA pahelAnA janmamAM koI pApa karyuM haze ema kahI zakAya. 7 avatAranuM rahu rAkSaso prArabdha ke karmamAM mAnatA nahotA. vAnaro jyAM jyAM aniSTa mAthuM uMcu kare tyAM tyAM tene nAsa te Izvara prArabdha ke karmane mAnata. laMkAnA AyanAvijaya karI sadaguNanI sthApanA karavI e avatArano hetuM levAya che. vakhate rAvaNane vadha |o ne rAme vAlInI hatyA karI tyAre rAmAvatArane mukhya hetu rAvaNano nAza karavAno hato kAraNake Jain Education Intemational

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394 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 rAvaNa de ne suSimunione trAsarUpa hato. AkhI rAkSasa rahetA de ne raSio mUrkha banata. kadAca eka avatAra jAtine duSTa lekhavAmAM AvatI eTale tene pRthvInA paTa parathI e che ke hota ne rAmAyaNa lakhAyuM na hota. bhUMsI nAkhavAno rAmAvatArano udeza hato. A kAma pAra pADavA de ne RSioe bhegA maLI Izvarane avatAra levA 8 zrI ema. vinaMti karI. AgaLa jaNAvyA pramANe rAmAyaNa yuganuM samagra A avatArI puruSa pukhta vayanA thAya tyAra pahelAM te vAtAvaraNa lakSamAM rAkhI Ape zrI rAmanuM jIvana joI zuM te sItA sAthe emane lagna samAraMbha yejA aparamAtA azramanAmAM mahAmaMtrI tarIkenA sarva zreSTha guNo upasI kekeyIe pitAnA pati dazarathane rAmane daMDakAraNya mokalavA AvelA jaNAze ne temanuM " maryAdA puruSottama zrI rAma' nAma pharaja pADI daMDakAraNya tyAre rAvaNanA sAmrAjyane eka bhAga sArthaka levAze. zrI rAma deva nahotA. manuSya hatA eTale hato. rAma pAse nirdoSa vAlInI hatyA karAvI zurpaNakhAnAM manuSya tarIke e saMpUrNa manuSya hatA. nAka kAna kApavA lakSmaNane Adeza apAvyuM eno aparAdha zrI rAmano sauthI AgaLa paDate guNa kRtajJatA che rAmamAM che ? zrI rAmane paraNavA mAgaNI karI e rAvaNa pitAnI kRtajJatA puSkaLa pramANamAM hatI. rAvaNa sItAnuM apaharaNa karI bahenanuM AvuM apamAna sahana karI besI rahe e manuSya karI laMkA laI jatA hatA tyAre ene mArgamAM AMtarI yuddha nahote. rAmanI patnInuM apaharaNa karI eNe apamAnano AvI prANudAna denAra jaTAyu prati zrI rAme eka putra pitAnA badale levA niradhAra karyo. rAvaNe sItAnuM haraNa karyuM tyAre agni saMskAra kare te pramANe agni saMskAra karI potAnI de khuza thayA. brahmAe udagAra kADhayo; "ApaNe hetu pAra kRtajJattA dAkhavI hatI. (araNya kAMDaH prakaraNa 68) dazarathe zrI paDyo che. sItA pratihiMsaka hastapracAra joI, rAvaNune vinAza rAmane dezanikAla karyAne zrI rAma lakSmaNa sItA vanavAsa javA ane Tekanikala stra Ave nizcita che ema mAnI daMDakAraNyanA ruSimunio paNa nIkaLyA tyAre gare je atithi satkAra karyo hato ne vanavAsanAM harSamAM AvI gayA (araNya kAMDa prakaraNa 22) cauda varSa pachI paNa zrI rAma visaryA nahotA ane laMkA vijaya naSionI khaTapaTane kAvAdAvAthI rAmane rAvaNa karIne pAchA pharyA ke turataja zrI hanumAnajIne rAjA gUDa pAse AbhAra mUkata karavA mekalIemane pitAnA mitra-avibhakata vacce yuddha maMDAyuM. rAma rAvaNane parAjIta karaze e temane vizvAsa hato. emanI rAjanIti saphaLa thaI. emaNe camatkArI AtmA-tarIke biradAvyA hatA. (yuddha kAMDa prakaraNa 127) zrI rAme jyAre Atmavisarjana karavA nirNaya lIdhe tyAre zastro zrI rAmane ApyA. temaNe vibhISaNane khAsa adhyA teDAvyA ne vibhISaNa kevaLa yuddhata AraMbha karatA pahelAM rAme rAvaNane saMdhi mATe vRttithIja pAtA prazna joDAyA hatA e sArI rIta gavA samAvavA aMgadane mokalyo. kAvatrAne e gamyuM chatAM laMkAM vijayamAM vibhISaNa je sahAya karI hatI te badala (yuddhakAMDa prakaraNa 41 ) saMdhinI zarata hatI. (1) rAvaNe sItAne temane AbhAra mAnya ane amane laMkAnA rAjavI pade kAyama sAMpI devI (2) laMkAnuM rAjya vibhISaNane soMpavuM (3) rAvaNe mATe niyukta karyA ( uttara kAMDa prakaraNa 8121) zrI sItAnA apaharaNa mATe kSamA mAgavI. rAvaNe A saMdhinI hanumAnajI kadarate AkamaNa nIcenA bhAvabhInA zabdomAM karI vAte pahele ghaDAke ja phagAvI dIdhI. che." " tame mane je sevAo ApI che te badala huM mArA prANa nyochAvara karuM te paNa traNa phelAya tema nathI " uttara parAya nizcita hatuM e paristhitimAM rAvaNa je kAMDaH prakaraNa 50 ) mutsadI hota te eNe A zarate kAmacalAu svIkArI lIdhI hota. sItAna enA patine pAchI soMpavI bemAM rAvaNane kAMI lakSamaNe sugrIva kRtana che evo AkSepa mUkaryo hate. khAvAnuM nahotuM. zurpaNakhAnA apamAnane badale vaLI cUka e pApa mATe kAIja prAyazcita nahatuM. ( kiSkidhA kAMDa : hate Ama AryAne vAnare pAchA pharI jAta ne pachI vibhI. prakaraNa 34) spaSTa kRtajJatA kharekhara, mahApApa che parantu SaNane lAta mArI rAjya punaH hastagata karatAM ene bIlakula kRtajJatAnI uNapane doSa lekhI zakAya ne te kSamAne pAtra bane keinI me sevA bajAvI hoya te sevA bajAvanAre enA vAra na lAgata. vaLI pArakI strInuM apaharaNa karavA badala kSamA mAMgatA enI pratiSThA kAMI ochI thaI javAnI nahotI. kama badalAnI bIlakula AzA rAkhavI joIe nahi. Ama kRtaghna nasibe rAvaNamAM dunyavI drajJA ochu hatuM ane te pAkako lAgatA sugrIvane paNa zamA karI zrI rAme ene mitra banAvyA mutsadI nahe. e kevaLa mabho hato ne pitAnA sainyanI eTaluM ja nahi paNa kiSkiAnA rAjapade sthA tAtrA para ja jhajhUmI rahyA hatA. paraMtu je eNe saMdhinI zrI rAmamAM tejasvI vidyArthI tarIkenA sarva guNa hatAM zarate svIkArI lIdhI hatI te rAmAvatArane hetu niSphala jAta te ApaNe temanA daza varSanI kAcI vaye zrI vizvAmitra bAkI sekaDo sainikanA prANa bacI jAta ane daDakAra hayamAM sAthenA manamAM joI zakIe chIe ghaNA ja TuMkA gALAmAM Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 395 temaNe zastrAtrI vidyA saMpUrNa paNe zIkhI lIdhI eTaluja bhAtRprema te khUba ja utakaTa hate. enI pratIti ApaNane nahi paNa tAkATa subAhune vadha karI gurUjIne tene paraco paNa yuddhamAM lamaNu mUrjIvaza thAya che tyAre thAya che. batAvyuM. vaLI sItA svayaMvaramAM zivadhanuSya caDhAvI potAnA e vidyAmaMdira para suvarNa kaLaza caDhAvyo. raNavIra kSatriya tarIke rAme laMkAvijaya vakhate yuddha kalAmAM ati nipUNatA dAkhavI hatI. prajApriya rAjA tarIke zrI rAma pati tarIke paNa ajoDa hatA e ApaNe rajA rAnA tathA ghaTI e siddhAMta lakSamAM rAkhI chevaTa emanA dAmpatya jIvanamAMthI tAravI zakIe chIe e jamA- sudhI pitAnuM cAritrya nilaMka rAkhyuM hatuM. pitAnuM khoTI nAmAM bahu patnItva pura bahAramAM hatuM. mahArAjA dazarathane rIte paNa anukaraNa karI prajA ADe mArge na dorAya te mATe traNaseM ne trepana rANIo hatI ( ayodhyA kAMDa prakaraNa 39 ) temaNe potAnI prANa priya patnI gaMbhatI hovA chatAM tene tyAga A bahupatnItvanI badI phAlatI aTakAvavA zrI rAme eka karyo hato. zrI rAma jevA apratima snehI mATe e kevuM patnIvrata lIdhuM ne jIvanabhara pALyuM. sItAnA tyAga pachI kaparuM kAma hatuM enI kalpanA paNa karavI azakaya che. paNa emaNe bIjuM lagna karyuM nahi ane dAMpatya premano eka Ama jIvananuM game te pAsu juo zrI rAma pratyeka ajoDa dAkhale besADa. daSTie manuSyanA zreSTha tama guNe darzAvI jIvyA che. saMpUrNa pitRbhakta putra tarIke zrI rAme mahArAja dazarathanI mAnavane Adarza pUro pADavAja e jamyA hatA ane e kaparI IcchAne paNa hasate mee amala karyo eTaluM ja nahi Adarza pAra pADyA pachI ja svadhAma saMcaryA paNa e kaparI dazAmAM mUkanAra mAtA pratye paNa jarAya kaTutA tArIkha 6 jUna 1973 dAkhavI nahi. vaLI IrSAthI bharata pratinA bhAnTa premamAM paNa jaya nivAsa : lAkhI AnI piLa ramaNIkalAla dalAva jarAya kacAza AvavA dIdhI nahi. temAM ya lamaNu prati ne khADiyA : amadAvAda : ::: rena tathA sInthaTIka kApaDanI jaththAbaMdha kharIdI karavA deza bharamAM prakhyAta kendra surata TekSaTAIla mArakeTa karararara00000000000000000000000000000000000000 000000000000000 surata-2 0 adyatana vepArI sagavaDa rahevA mATe Adhunika hoTala kharIdI mATe bahoLo vepArI saMparka u Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 10000000000-0000000000000000000000000000000 oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo.Coco M's. R. Ashutosh & Co. W. B. C. F Lati Bazar, Bhavnagar. * Phone : 5320 Tele, : Ashutosh MAHENDRA PUNSHI & Co. Cooooooooooooooooeeeeeeoooooooooooooooooeeeeeecolo STOCKISTS : * FORMICA. * M. M. RUBBER FOAM, * PLYWOOD, # FEVICOL, # FLUSH DOORS. # CHARMINAR CEMENT SHEET # KHIRA PRESSURE COOKERS, * ADVANI WELDING RODES, # KALVINATOR, REFRIGERATORS * FRIZAIR AIR CONDITIONERS, 22 Sarang Street Ist Floor BOMBAY-400 003 cosoccocceesc.occo Conococco conococececcococoooeeeeeeeooccocecco.cocoscoccoccoccocooooooooococccccc96 oeeooo900 90cececoo00ococecooo0000000oCCocoocoroccoesooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 000000ecosoo0000000occoCOOCOOOooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooecool With Best Compliments From Lion H. M. Trivedi Prop 1443766 Phone : Office Residence Factory clo.457048 Indo-Japan Industries MANUFACTURERS OF POLYTHYLENE TUBES, BAGS & PLASTIC ARTICLES Factory : Unit No 1 Factory : Unit No. 2. Office : 8 ALLIED INDUSTRIAL ESTATE, 318, CHAMPAKLAL INDUSTRIAL ESTATE. 5, MADHUKAR BUILDING UNIT No. 13-A, SION KOLIVADA RD. PLOT No. 105, PLOT NO. 1978, OFF. M. M. C. ROAD, NEAR RUPAM CINEMA, R. A. KIDWAL ROAD, O MAHIM, (West), BOMBAY-16. SION (East), BOMBAY-22 BOMBAY-31 ree DOOOoooooooooO0OOOoooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo00o0oooooooooooooooo000000000oscoOOCOOO Jain Education Intemational

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[2] pUrNa puruSAttama zrI kRSNa AryAMvanA netAyuganA mahAmAnava zrI rAma hatA. dvApara yuganA mahAmAnava zrI kRSNa thayA. zrIrAma zreSTha mAnava hatA : eka Adarza manuSyanuM saMpUrNa svarUpa darzAvI gayA. eTale te maryAdA puruSottama kahevAyA. te ja pramANe zrIkRSNane ApaNe pUrNa puruSottama tarIke eLapyA. Ae emanI praNAlikA mujaba devanI koImAM mUkI dIdhA ne e zrI viSNunA pUrNAvatAra lekhAyA. bhagavadgItAnA e pravakatAne 'bhAgavata ' * bhagavAna svayaM" kahe che. hinduonI mAnyatA pramANe daza mahAmAnavA; prabhunA avatAra gaNAyA che. parantu e dazeyamAM zrI rAmane zrI kRSNa e be puruSottamA ja mulka mazahUra banyA che. Aje jagatabharamAM bannenA karoDo anuyAyIe che. jagatabharamAM emanA devAlayA paNa Thera Thera najare paDe che. zrI rAmanA janmadina 'rAmanavamI " ne zrI kRSNanA janmadina ' janmASTamI 'pazu zrI kRSNane autihAsika vyakita tarIke tapAse jagatamAM emanI joDe jaDaze nahi. emanA jIvanane kathA mAne evI risaka ne AkarSaka vArtA ApaNe kadI ye vAMcI niha. vIrakathAnA nAyaka tarIke emane nAMNI AA jagatabhara nAM mahAkAvyeA ne kalpanA sumeAmAM zrI kRSNanAM nAma jevI mAhaka saurabha ApaNane kayAM ya sAMpaDaze nahi. emanu jIvana emanA bhaktavat lamAM Ajeya ujavAya che. keTalAka jaNa kRSNA jAdubha che. keTalAya kavie ne bhaktAnAM dilane eNe upaniSadanA devakIpurA zrI kRSNa, geApI saMpradAyanA zrIkRSNane yugayugAntarethI anupama bhAvanAothI bharI dIdhAM che ApaNA gItAnA gAyaka zrI kRSNa : thaI gayA ema mAne che. keTalAka bhAratIya sAhityamAM jagate jANyA ke joyA nathI evA zrI kRSNane mahAna paurANika zrI vedavyAsanI kalpanA mAne che. prakAza phelAvyA che. A badhAM mattavyethI kazeA ja pharaka paDato nathI. zrIkRSNanA vyaktitvanI kAvyamaya kalpanA ja gajaba che! suMdara che. koi paNa ghaphilmaphI ke sAhityamAM enI joDa nathI. zrIkRSNanA AkaSa ka vyaktitvanI jhAMkhI mULa mahAbhAratamAM maLe che. parantu enA para traNa hajAra varSa sudhI daMtakathAe camatkAro ne bhaktibhAve prerelAM sattAonA stara caDhatA gayA che. zrIkRSNa zANAne zUra hatA snehALa ne snebhAjana hatA. emanI jIvanacaryAM adabhUta hatI. chatAM pUrNa mAnavanI prakRllatA emane varI hatI. zrIkRSNanA vyaktitvanA prabhAva daivI hatA. mahAtmAe yugapratimAe che. emanA kALanAM sImAcihanA emanA jIvanamAM Ataprata thayelAM hAya che eka yuga puro thAya ne bIjA yugano AraMbha thAya : evA saMkAntikALamAM te janme che. emane jIvanakrama sAmAnya jagavyavahAranA cIle cAlavA mAgatA nathI. koI devI preraNAthI ja emanA jIvana mA meAkaLA thAya che. sAmAnya manuSya karatAM ghaNA ja thoDA vakhatamAM teo AgevAnI prApta karI le che. mahAtmAe sarva vAte mahAna heAya che parantu zrI kRSNa peThe vividha dizAomAM zreSThatva prApta karyuM... hAya aevI eka paNa vyakita jagatanA ItihAsamAM jaDatI nathI. emanA kIrtivaMta astitva daramiyAna emaNe dhArmika ke sAMjJArika vividha pravRtimAM evI te soMpUrNatA prApta karIe ke Aja pAMca hajAra varSo vItI gayA chatAM ya emanI jIvanagA thAo jagatabharamAM hajIya gavAi rahI che. kIrtivaMta jIvananI satkamabharI eka ghaDI paNa eka yuga kharAkhara che' paNa zrI kRSNanuM kI`ivata jIvana eka sA ne paccIsa varSa lakhAyuM hatuM ne enI eke eka ghaDI satkA mAM karavAmAM ja ceAAi hatI. ne amara kIti aNye jatI hatI. zrI kRSNane paramezvaranA avatAra lakhavAmA Ave che. e diSTae te manuSyathI ane manuSya kalpanAthI lekhAya che. para zrI kRSNa yAgezvara ja hatA. jIvanmukata mahAtmA hatA. srasArI ja jAvA emane jarA ya gamatI nahiM emaNe A jIvanamAM ja nirvANurdazA prApta karI lIdhI hatI. parantu A sRSTimAM jIvana jIvavAnu bAkI rahelu hovAthI e bAkInu jIvana peAtAnA mATe nahi parantu mAnavajAtanA bhalA mATe khavA e kiTabaddha thayA hatA. emaNe haiMsU visArI mUkayuM hatu, karmendritA para vijaya meLavyA hatA jayatine vizvasvarUpa mAnatA thaI gayA hatA emane koi prakAranI AzA tRSNA rahI nahetI. peAte meLavavAnu badhuja meLavI lIdhu hatu. eTale emane haze| svArtha sAdhavAnA bAkI nahAtA sarva kAmanAnI tRpti ja anubhavAya ane koi paNa prakAranI IcchA phaLavAnI bAkI raheja nahi evI dazA emaNe prAptakarI lIdhI hatI. zrI kRSNane AvA nikSepa svabhAva zrI mad bhagavad gItAnA cothA adhyAyanA caudamAM blekamAM sArI rIte spaSTa karavAmAM AvyeA che. : ' kama mane khAdhA karatAM nathI. ka lanI mane koi ja icchA nathI. eja adhyAyanA bAvIsamAM

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98 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 ne ekatAlIsamA lekamAM Aja vAta vadhAre spaSTa rIte darzAvI rastA, AtmatyAga, taTasthatA, jJAna, ne dIrdhadaSTi dAkhavatA aneka che. paramezvaranI IcchAmAM ja emanI IcchA samAI gaI hatI prasaMge maLI Ave che. paraMtu hindu zA ane gItA ja eTale paramezvaranI devI IcchA pAra pADavAja zrI kRSNa nimitta zrIkRSNane yogezvara TharAvevA ne prabhunA avatAra manAvavA banyA hatA. basa che. eka yuga ke eka samAje mAnya rAkhelA dhArAone ApaNA pUrvajo A zakti zALI hatA. teo bhAratabharamAM samUha e ja nIti. e dvArA ja kamanuM sAcuM mulya aMkAcaH patharAyA hatA. Arya raSie vidyA ne saMyamathI Alekita rAArAsArane bheda rakhAya. paranuM paramezvaranA avatAra rUpa manAya jIvana jIvatA : AzramamAM rahetA : deve sAthe vAta karatA e purUSa te sarva yuga yugAntarothI para che : samAja ne : satya yakSa ne tapasanI bhUmikA para racAtA A jIvana varSAntarathI ana che : dhArAo niI ke hA nA nI cazama mAgane badhi kasTa sAhasika Arya rAjAoe uttara bhAratanAM pikIthI paNa vegaLe che. potAnA kevI astitvane anusarIne phaladrupa medAnamAM sAmrArAjya sthApyAM e pahelAM yAda gaMgA ja e dhArAonuM pAlana kare che. dunyavI baMdhano enI ADe pAra jaI vasthA hatA. yAdamAM zuro aMke ne vRSNuio AvI zakatAM nathI. nIti zAstrane sArA sAranI vidyA lekhIe sauthI vadhAre zakita zALI hatA. teoe yamUnAnA khINa paraMtu jenAmAM ne 36 ne ja abhAva hoya ane ApaNI pradezamAMnAM jaMgale sApha karI tyAM vasAhata sthApI. A pradeza sArAnarasAranI kaseTIe kasavAnA na hoya. emanuM astitva zUrasena tarIke oLakhAyA. pachI yAdavee mathurAM kabaje karyuM ke judA ja Adarzo para racAyeluM hoya che. ApaNA dharaNAthI yAdavenA hAthamAM ma nA pratApa ne prabhAva banne vadhyAM emanA jIvananI ApaNe tulanA karIe chatAMya zevALamAM ugeluM yAdavenuM rAjataMtra nAyakenI samiti dvArA cAlato kamaLa zevALathI bhinna che tema e mahAmAnava paNa ApaNAthI 17thI aMdhakAka zAkhAnA nAyaka ugrasenane viveka dRSTie rAjAnuM para che. biruda hatuM. ugrasenane putra kaMsa mahatvAkAMkSI ne jhanunI hatA daivI preraNA, AMtara zreraNA, sagavaDa, yogAnuyoga ke eNe parAkrama dvArA meTI nAmanA meLavI hatI. e samrATa kaI bhedI rIte nItinuM ghaDatara thAya che kaI alaukika rIte jarAsaMdhano mAnIte sAmaMta banyo. mathurAmAM sattA kabaje ja nItinA pAyA naMkhAyA che. jeNe AtmAne oLakhyA che: karI ne trAsanuM vAtAvaraNa pravartAvyuM. je pite vizva rUpa che tenI ja e nIti evA avatArI puruSa mATe koI paNa prakArane niyama baMdhane hotA nathI. zUra sAkhAnA zadritazAmI nAyaka zUre nAtravaDA AryakanI dunyavI vyavahArathI emanAM jIvana saMkaLAyelAM nathI. zAe putra mArA sAthe lagna karyuM . emane vasudeva ne devabhAga paNa emane mATe kaI mAga niyata karyo nathI. emanA pitAnA nAmanA be putro thayA. zUrane meTo putra vasudeva rAjA ugrasenanA ja anubhava ne prayogonA pariNAma emanI potAnI rIte ja bhAI devakanI putrI devakIne para. devakInuM AThamuM saMtAna emanuM jIvana ghaDAya che. eja zrIkRSNanA cAritryanI kuMcI che. kaMsanI hatyA karaze evI bhaviSyavANI khoTI TharAvavA kaMse vasudeva devakIne karAvAsamAM rAkhyAM. emanA prajAma cha putrone zrIkRSNa gedhara hatA. emanA jIvanane emaNe evuM janmatAM veMta ja kaMse haNI nAkhyA. sAtame putra gupta rIte to zAntimaya banAvI mUkayuM hatuM ke te pote potAnA gokula pahoMcADavAmAM Avyo e saMkarSaNa balarAmanA nAtre AtmAne avAja spaSTa rIte sAMbhaLI zakatA. e sArA nara- uryo. AThame putra kRSNa pAdavane tAraNa hAra thaze evI sAthI para hatA. vijaya parAye emane kazI ja asara karI bhaviSya vANI hatI. janma thatAM ja ene gokuLa lai javAmAM zakato nahoto. zAnti ne vigrahanI emane vyathA nahotI. Avyo. gekuLanA govALanA nAyaka naMdane tyAM eno uchera thaye IzvaranI preraNA mujaba ja emanuM jIvana vahetuM. saMsArIonA devabhAganA putra uddhavane paNa nAnapaNa thIja mokalavAmAM Avyo kolAhalathI emanA nirNayamAM kazo ja pharaka paDato nahi. hato. Ama baLarAma kRSNa te uddhava sAthe sAtheja gokulamAM bAhya niyamo ne AcAra baMdhane emane asara karI zakatAM ucharI meTA thayA : sudaDha, dekhAvaDA ne sAhasika banyA. nahi. jyAre emanI icchAmAM Ave tyAre e AcAra vyava - bAlaka zrIkRSNanuM svarUpa janmathI ja mehaka hatuM. hAranAM baMdhanone vegaLAM mUkI zakatA. pitAne je karavAnuM che gokuLamAM kRSNa saune lADakavAyo hate. AkhI ye gopAlaka te karyuM ja jatA. vastI enA para mugdha hatI. vRMdAvananI gopIo A dekhAjIvananA judA judA gALAmAM zrIkRSNanI mahattA para- vaDA bAlakane ramADatAM kadI ye dharAtI nahi. zrIkRSNa gopa khAI Ave che. bAlaka, vidyAthI, mitra, nehI, yuddhavIra, bAlaka ne gopI vRdamAM ghUmatA tyAre mAtra sAta ATha varSanI rAjA, elacI, tarkazAstrI, yegI, payagaMbara ke cheka chevaTe eka kAcI vayanA ja hatA. zrIkRSNane gopIone saMbaMdha nirdoSa daivI avatAra tarIke emanI alaukikatA vizvavaMdya banI rahI bAlAonA eka suMdara bAlaka mATe sAtvika prema svarUpa che. emanA jIvanamAM satya, vizvavyApI sneha, vIratA, udA- ja hate. kavi jayadevanI kAvya kalpanAmAM zrIkRSNa jIvananAM Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 399 Aye lADakoDamAM ucharelA A lokezanane svaparAkramathI sAMdipanI zrIkRSNanA phALAnI putrI pRthA vasavana 1 yamalokamAMthI pAchA tethI e kuntI nAme che. utabheje dattaka lIdhI hatI jAda, emAM gUMthAyalI vIrakathA, emanA pratinI apratima karavA nirNaya lIdho. mathurAne bacAvavA zrIkRNa samagra yAdava bhakti mehapa mADe evAM che. zrIkRSNanI bALalIlAnA prasaM- maMDaLane saurASTra tarapha dorI gayA. saurASTranA rAjA kukudamIna gomAM parasparane ananya prema ja pragaTa thatA jaNAya che. sAthe maitrI karI emanI putrI revatI balarAmane varAvI dvArakAne emanAM bAlasulabha tophAnamAM paNa kalyANanI bhAvanA nItare pATanagara batAvI yAda tyAM sthira thayA. dvArakAne dhIkatuM che. baMsarIvAdana emanI saMgIta priyatA sUcave che. rAsa baMdara banAvI samRddha thayA. khelana lokakalAsa mUrtimaMta kare che kAliyamardana, dAvAnaLa zamana ne girirAja varaNathI emanI rakSaNa bhAvanA AvirbhAva Ama chatAM zrIkRSNa mahArAjAnuM birUda kadIye dhAraNa pAme che. karyuM nathI. yAdavenA samartha sukAnI tarIke ja pitAnuM samagra jIvana vyatIta karyuM che. yAdavene bhAratanI eka samartha sattA zrIkRSNa soLa varSanA thayA tyAre madhupurI yA mathurAMthI banAvI. pachI pitAnuM akhaMDa bhAratanuM virATa svapna AkAra vaDila akrara emane teDavA AvyA zrIkRSNa ne balarAma mAtA karavA ne bhAratabharamAM dharmarAjya sthApavA temaNe nirdhAra karyo pitAne sAnidhyamAM rahevA mathurA javA upaDyA tyAre sakaLa ne khUba ja gaNatrI pUrvaka potAnA jIvana kAryanAM sopAna eka gokuLa virahAkula banyuM e emanA utkaTa premanuM pratIka che. sara karavA mAMDyAM. mathurAmAM duSTa mAmA kaMsano vadha karI pitRtraNa pheDyu ! pachI zrIkRSNa, balarAma ne uddhava sAMdipanI RSinA AzramamAM rahyA sUranAyaka zuranI putrI pRthA vasudevanI bahena eTale zastravidyAnI saMpUrNa tAlIma lIdhI. guradakSiNAmAM sAMdipanI zrIkRSNanAM phoI thAya. ene rAjA kutibheje dattaka lIdhI hatI SinA putra punattane svaparAkramathI yamalekamAMthI pAchA nathI e kuttA nAme oLakha tyAre hastinApuramAM karUona ANe lADakoDamAM ucharelA zrIkRSNa gurunA AzramanI kaDaka rajikya hatu kutAne kurAna pADuM joDe vAvavAmAM AvI hatI zistanuM pAlana karI Adarza vidyArthInuM dRSTAMta pUrI pADayuM. pADunA pAMca putro : pAMDavI : e gALAmAM zakita zALI gurunA ziSya sahAdhyAyI sudAmA sAthe atUTa maitrI saMbaMdha banAvyA hatA. zrIkRNe potAnuM svapna siddha karavA pAMDanI avyo ne nibhAvyo. maitrI ne nehInA Adarza pUrA pADyA. paDakhe rahevA nirNaya lIdhA emanI unnatinA nirdezaka banyA samrATa jarAsaMghanI putrIo asti ane prAptinA ati ane pAbitA tyAre paMcAla dezamAM yajJasena drapada nAmane eka zakti pati kasarAyanA nidhanathI roSe bharAyelA samrATa jarAsaMghe zALI rAjA hatA e droNAcAryane mitra ane sarapAnI hate mathurA para AkramaNa karyuM potAnA nimitte pATanagarane vaMsa paranuM droNAcArya enI pAsethI pAMcAlane uttara bhAga paDAvI na thavA devAnI bhAvanAthI zrI gaNa balarAme marAM choDayuM ne lIdhe tethI eNe ema | nAza karavAnI pratinA lIdhI hatI prajAjanane nirbhaya banAvyA. brahmAdri pAra karI gAmAntakamAM pariNAme AryAvartAnA zreSTha caddhAne potAnI patrI DhoTI garuDa jAtinA loko sAthe jaI vasyA, jarAsaMdhe pIcho karyo vAvavAne eNe nirNaya lIdhA hatA. AryAvartAnA apratima tyAre banne bhAIoe temane yAdagAra parAjaya apAvyo. A vIra tarIke kIti varelA yAdava saradAra zrISmaNa vAsadeva para prasaMge zrIkRSaNa mutsadI ne yuddhavIra tarIke mazahura thayA. e enI najara TharI. pade zrIkRSNane krAMpilya bolAvyA zrIkaLe mathurA pAchA pharyA ne emanA netRtva nIce yAdaHA vadhAre dRDha pAme topadIne varavA atichA dAkhavI paranuM AyavinA ne saMyamI banyA. zreSTha vIra pasaMda karavA ene sahAyarUMpa thavA vacana ApyuM. pitAnuM cakravatiya sarI javuM joi, vADhane nAza draupadIne svayaMvara racAye. zrIkRSNa pAMDavapakSe hatA karavA jarAsaMghe vidarbhanA rAjA bhISmaka ne cedIne rAja eTale emanA pratipakSI banelA gudraNanA ziSya kururAjadAmoSa joDe saMdhi karI, bhISmakanI putrI rukimaNInAM lagna kumAre A svayaMvaramAM AvyA hatA. zamrATa jarAsaMdha paNa dAmaSanA putra zizupAla sAthe goThavI, pitAnI pautrI bhImakanA pitAnA putra meghasaMdhine varAvI kupadane pitAne pakSe levA putra rukimaNIne varAvavAnI yojanA karI. A kAvatarUM pAra pADavA icchatA hate. zrIkRSNa eka madhya rAtrine jarAsaMdhane maLyA ne vidarbhanA pATanagara kuDinapuramAM rukimaNI. svayaMvara maMDAye temane kAMpilya cheDI javA pharaja pADI. svayaMvaramAM ane zrIkRSNa ne keTalAka yAdava nAyakae kuMDinapura jaI, rukimaNInuM lakSyavedha karyo ne ropadIe tenA kaMThamAM varamALA AropI. haraNa karI jarAsaMdhanuM kAvatru nila banAvyuM. ne rukimaNone bhAgyane draupadI pAMce pAMDavonI patnI banI. icchAvara banyA. kuruzreSTha bhISmapitAmahe yuDilDirane yuvarAjapade AvyA save jarAsaMdha Arya rAjAone paDakhe rAkhavAne badale tyArathI dhRtarASTra putra duryodhanamAM IrSAnA aMkura phuTayA hatA. siMdhupAranA pradezanA rAjA kALayavana sAthe saMdhi karI. dezadroha draupadI svayaMvaramAM pAMDe phAvyA tethI emAM vadhAro thaye A karI eka paradezIne pazcimAMthI bhArata para AkramaNa karavA vaimanasya vadhe te zrIkRSNanuM svapna siddha thatAM vilaMba thAya. uzkeryo. pUrvamAMthI pote AkramaNa karI mathurAne bhasmIbhUta tethI bhISmapitAmahane maLI duryodhanane hastinApuranA yuvarAja lara na pada nAmano eka zakita mathurA para AkramaNa karyuM patananA samrATa jarAsaMghe zALI rAjA hato e ka - raI, yAdavane ne eTale emanA mAM AvyA hatA Jain Education Intenational

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400 raziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga-2 pade sthApI, yudhiSTharane indraprasthamAM juduM rAjya sthApavA para rakhuM jarAsaMdhanA vinAza pachI magadhanuM rAjya enA putra vAnagI meLavI. Indraprasthane sarvottama banAvavA pAMDavone saMpUrNa sahadevane saMpyuM ne kauranA vinAza pachI hastinApuranuM sahakAra Apyo ne chevaTe akhaMDa bhAratanA dharmarAjyanI sthApa- rAjya emaNe pAMDavone pyuM che. zrIkRSNa to mAtra parizraya nAthe yudhiSThira pAse rAjasUya yajJa karAvyuM. uThavyA che. paraMtu e kRtyathI temaNe eka paNa lAbha uThAvyo nathI. AthI svAthI jagatathI e kaMTalA para hatA e spaSTa rAjasUya yajJa nimitte zrIkRSNanA mArga darzana nIce thAya che. bhAratanI vijaya yAtrA AraMbhI, pahele ja pagale zrIkRSNa bhIma arjunane sAthe laI sagadha samrATa jarAsaMdhane makalayuddhanuM keTalIka vAra zrI kRSNane dharmAtmAone saMhAra karavAno AhavAna ApyuM e bhayaMkara yuddhamAM bhIma dvArA samrATa paNa prasaMga AvyA che paraMtu e dharmAtmAoe jA bUjIne jarAsaMdhane kAMTo potAnA mArgamAMthI dUra karyo. jarAsaMdha putra asatyane pakSa karyo hato. pote khoTe pakSe hatAM chatAM e sahadevane mitra banAvI siMhAsana sayuM. jarAsaMdha baMdIvAna dhaoNtmAoe haMmezA satyane ja vijaya i che. jIvanamAM banAvelA sarva rAjAone mukta karI mitra banAvyA. cAreya jyAre kaparI paristhiti UbhI thAya ne e paristhitimAMthI pAMDava bhAIone judA judA cAra dizAe ekalI bhArata vijaya pasaMdagI karavAnI hoya tyAre sAdhupuruSa e anisTa hoya siddha karI dharmarAja yudhiSThirane samagra bhAratanA cakravati- te kArya karavAnuM pasaMda kare che A pramANe bhISma, droNane pade sthApavyA sarva rAjAone rAjayUya yajJamAM AmaMtraNa karNane saMhAra karavAnI anujJA ApatAM zrIkRSNane paNa AvIja ApyuM. kaparI pasaMdagI karavI paDelI. paraMtu pAMDa satyane dharma mATe laDatA hatA. mATe emane vijaya maLavo ja joIe. parama cakavatI yudhiSThiranA rAjasUya yajJamAM kuruzreSTha bhISma- saguNI bhISma pitAmaha, gurUvarya droNAcAryuM ke dAnavIra pitAmahe zrIkRSNane bhAratanA zreSTha purUSa tarIke svIkArI temanuM kazuM jyAM sudhI hayAta hoya tyAM sudhI pAMDavono vijaya pUjana karI adhyakSapade sthApavA sUcanA karI. zrIkRSNa rAjA azakaya ja hatuM, paraMtu zrIkRSNa vIratAthI, pitAno vicAra nahotA chatAM sarva rAjavIoe emanuM zreSThatva svIkAryuM ne karyA vinAM sAhasa kheDI e badhuM ja kalaMka pitAne mAthe emanA pUjanamAM saMmati ApI. upADI lIdhuM : ochuM aniSTa pasaMda karyuM pAMDavonuM satya mAthuM jAya te karatAM bhIma droNa ane karNanuM balidAna devAya yAdava aSaNa zuranAM bIjAM putrI sutarAvAnAM lagna e ja temane vadhAre yogya lAgyuM. zrIkRSNa jAte svArthathI cerIrAja dAmoSa sAthe thayAM hatAM. emane putra zizupAla bIlakula para hatA, anya manuSya karatAM taddana judI ne ucca Ama zrIkRSNano pheIne dIkaro bhAI thAya. paraMtu e mAthAne kakSAe viharatA. eTale e dRSTie paNa A roSa temanA para karela ne mahatvAkAMkSI hato. tethI magadha samrATa jarAsaMdhanI na DhALI zakAya. prabhunI IcachA bara AvA kevaLa nimitta kapA jhaMkhate magadharAjanI cejanA mujaba vidarbha nareza rUpa ja zrIkRSNa A sRSTimAM pragaTa thayA hatA. ane prabhunI bhItmakanI putrI rukimaNune varavAmAM te niSphaLa gayA. pachI irachAnuM temanI dvArA pAlana thayuM hatuM. zrIkRSNa muktAtmA jarAsaMghane vadha thaze. tethI te pAMDave para khUba ja akaLAyA hatA ne mutAtmA pote ja pitAnAM kAryono artha kaLI zake hatuM. teNe zrIkRSNanA pUjanane virodha karyo. chevaTe zrIkRSNa gItAnA bIjA adhyAyanA bIjA lekamAM kahyuM che. jJAnI pitAnI svapna siddhi mATe eno ziracheda karyo. manuSya snehInA jIvana ke anasAna mATe bIlakula zAka karatA nathI. Ama zrIkRSNa akhaMDa bhAratanI racanA karavAnuM kArya pUruM pADayuM. pachI e akhaMDa bhAratamAM dharmarAjyanI sthApanA zrI kRSNa rAjA nahotA chatAM lokataMtrInA eka aSaNI karavA zeSajIvana vitAvyuM. A lakSya pAra pADavA kadAca sa- tarIke emaNe rAjAnAM tamAma kartavya bajAvyAM che. hajAra hAtha guNI manuSya tarapha zrIkRSNa kaThera bhAsyA haze paraMtu pApI- pAmela bANAsUra, kaTuSa dezane rAjA pautRka tathA zAlava jevA eno to temaNe haMmezAM saMhAra ja karyo che. duniyAmAM sad- abhimAnI rAjavIone zikasta ApI che. kurukSetrane dAruNa NI purane duHkha sahana karavo paDe che. duSTo saghaLe daMDAya che saMgrAma na thAya te hetuthI pAMDavonA vikAra tarIke hastinA ja zrI kRSNa pitAnuM lakSyAMka siddha karavA sAma dAma bheda daMDa puranI rAjasabhAmAM jaI ela pI tarIke kartavya bajavyuM che. e cAreyanIti akhatyAra karI che paraMtu e dvArA emaNe pratyeka vicAra vinimayamAM tarkazAstrInuM khamIra batAvyuM che. kadIye svArtha sAdhyuM nathI. gItAnA cothA adhyAyanA AThamAM yAtrI, payagaMbara ne devI avatAra tarIke potAnuM dharma kalekamAM kahyuM che e kAryo sAdhupuruSenuM rakSaNa karavA ane saMsthApanAnuM kArya pAra pADyuM che ne ema karatAM satya, done vinAza karavA mATe jAyelAM. eTale kaMsa jarAsaMgha, vizvavyApI sneha, vIratA, udAratA, AtmatyAga, taTasthatA, duryodhana ane bIjA duSTa kRtya karatA tethI ja zrI kRSNa temane jJAna, ne dIrdha dRSTi jevA alaukika guNanuM pradarzana karAvI virodha karyo. bAkI kaMsanA vinAza pachI enuM rAjya ugrasenane pitAnuM pUrNa puruSottamanuM birUda sArthaka karyuM che. mAthAne kAra para hatA. A e viharata beM kanA magadharAjanI ja magadha samrATa varavA mAM ejaba vibhAjadhanI dha thaze. nA svArtha sa kAryo sAdhuve kaMsa jarA, Jain Education Intemational

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skRti saMdarbha graMtha With Best Compliments From A Well Wisher With Best Compliments From 1475492 Resl.: Office : 324001 521279 Kiran Sales Corporation DEALERS IN RADIO-TRASISTOR PARTS, TAPES AND ALL TYPES OF JALVES ecoccoeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeccoocooeeeeeeeeeee. Ravindra Trading Co. Exporters Importers Agents Bolt, Nut, Washers & Hardware Merchants GANDHI BHUVAN. CHUNAM LANE, LAMINGTON ROAD, BOMBAY-400 007, Bankers: 116, Narayan Dhuru Street, 8 Syndicate Bank Mandvi Branch BOMBAY-3. BR Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

Page #407
[3] gautama buddha jagatanA mahAna dharmomAM sATha karoDa loke madhya rAtrIne samaya hato. pUrNa niradhAra karI uThayA. khristI dharma pALe che: paMdara karoDa loke chatAM potAnI patnI ne bALaka prati chelle daSTipAta karI levAnI bauddha dharmanA anuyAyIo che. A banne bhAvanA e nivArI zakyA nahi. e patnI ne bALaka janma dharmonI ghaNI vAra sarakhAmaNI thAya che tsava prasaMge mahemAnoe ApelA phularAzimAM nirAMte niMdrAmAM gADha paDyAM. bAlakane hAthamAM laI ene chelluM gADha AliMgana paraMtu emAM pAyAne pharaka che. emanA devAnI emane utkaTa IcchA thaI AvI. paraMtu ema karavA sthApaka : jIsasane buddhamAM paNa evo ja pharaka che. chatAM banne dharmomAM saMparkane jatAM emanI patnI jAgI jAya ? emaNe dila para kAbu meLavI lIdhe. dhImethI zayanakhaMDa bahAra sarakI gayA. cheDesavAra badhubhAvamAM ghaNAM samAna to che. thaI aMdhakAramAM adRzya thaI gayA. khristI dharma premano dharma che. bauddhadharma jIvana niyamanane dharma che: mAnava mATe vahAlA vatanathI dUra dUra emaNe rakhaDapaTTI zarU karI. asIma prema ene pAya che : dehadamana gaMgAnAM phaLadrupa mayadAnemA pravAsa Adaryo. chevaTe vRkSAcchadvArA AtmIya mikSa ne enA sthApakanuM dira vidhyagirinAM tapavanomAM te AvI pahoMcyA. tyAM balidAna virATa mAnavatAne AvarI le che. hindustAna dakSiNanA DuMgarAva pradezathI chUTo paDate hato. bauddha zAre gautamanAM acharatAM paNa pAkakkA uparano bhAga uttara pradeza tarIke oLakhAta ne nIceno bhAga darzana karAve che ne emAM ApaNane jIsasanA dakSiNa bhArata tarIke judo paDato. ahIM e cha varSa rahyAne vyaktitvanI rekhAo ApaNane sahaja varatAya bhAratabharamAM pracalita evI kaDaka tapazcaryA AdarI. che. mAnava saMpUrNatAne gautama AraMbha kare che jIsasa ene praphullita banAve che............ emaNe mAthe muMDana karAvyuM. dADhI paNa sApha karI nAkhI pravAsI saMnyAsIonI kesarI kaMthA dhAraNa karI. upavAsathI zAya rAjavIne putra yuddhavIra kSatriya va. hindu daradamana karavAne AraMbha karyo. pachI deradamananA pratyeka samAjanA cAra mahAna varSomAM enuM sthAna bIja vibhAgamAM upacAra ajamAvyA. tyAM emane pAMca ziSya AvI maLyA. evA gautama buddhane IsvIsana pUrva pa60nA arasAmAM janma amenI sA emanI sAthe gADha jaMgalamAM emaNe ekAntavAsa svIkAryo. thaye rAjagRhamAM emane uchera kizora avasthAne ugatA Atmazira AdarI. dehadamanathI manane sthira karI nirbheLa yauvanamAM vaibhavapUrNa jIvanamAM e mahAlyA. zAnti meLavavA prayatna karyo. emanA mAnasamAM pahela vaheluM tUphAna kayAre jAmyu ? pavitra puruSa tarIke emanI khyAti mera phelAI gaI. indriyasukhanI nirarthakatA emane kayAre sAlI? dardanA ane chatAM je satyanI zodha mATe e mathI rahyA hatA te dara emane kayAre satAvyA ? e ApaNe kahI zakatA nathI.parantu ne dara ja dekhAyuM'. yeganI antima parAkASTAe chevaTe eka eka vAta nakakI che. gautama ogaNatrIsa varSanA thayA tyAre divase vidyuta camakAra peThe emanA magajamAM prakAza paDyo. emane putraprApti thaIne tyAra pachI ja emaNe pitAne upavAsa, dehadamana, prANAyama Adi sAmAnya jIvanathI dUra jIvanakrama palaTI nAkhavAno nirNaya lIdhe. e jIvana palaTA laI jatI ugra tapazcaryAe nirarthaka hatIH balake enAthI te sAthe ja pUrva geLArdhamAM dhArmika vicAraNAmAM krantine AraMbha ulaTI zArIrika ke mAnasika nirbaLatA vadhatI hatI. anAcchA dita darzana, nirdoSa vicAraNu vicAra pakriyAnuM samatulana ane e mahatvanA divase emane gRha patnI ne bAlakane hApha dRSTi tathA nirbheLa anubhava prApta karavA, manuSya gya tyAga karavAnI ane tamAma sAMsArika saMbaMdhe teDI nAkhavAnI AhAra vihAra jALavI Arogyamaya jIvana gALavuM joIe emane preraNA thaI. te divase ja jIvananI antima vAstavika e vAta temane samajAI. para dhyAna kendrita karavA nirNaya lIdhe. parantu dilanI bhAre A dazanathI remAMcita thaI emaNe pitAnA pAMce mathAmaNa sivAya e nirNaya para AvI zakAyA nahatA eTaluM zikhe sAthe tenI carcA karI. parantu pitAnA pUjya gurune ja nahi paNa saMsAra tyAga kare emane sarala paNa jaNAye saMnyasta jIvana tyAga karavAnI ne AhAra karavAnI vAta karatA nahote. joI A ziSyA bhAre AghAta anubhavI rahyA. emanI samagra thaye. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 403 sthApita vicAraNAmAM krAMti ANutA sUcanothI teo bhayabhIta Ama mera duHkhanAM darzana thAya che e satya lAvyA banI gayA. gurune tyAga karI pAMceya ziSyo bhAgI gayA. paraMtu pachI e duHkhanuM kAraNa zodhI kADhavuM Avazyaka che manuSyanI pachIthI je divasa ugyo eNe pauvatyi jagatane chakka karI lAlasAnA emAM mULa che ema budhe zIkhavyuM. eka prakAranI nAkhyuM. gautama ekalA paDyA eTale emaNe gayAnA jaMgalamAM e tanhAI che e prApta karavAnI lAlasA ja janmajanmArakhaDavA mAMDyuM. bihArane e pradeza. chevaTe e nira--rA ntaranA pherAmAM manuSyane aTavALe che. A vAsanA ne lAlasA nadIne kinAre AvI pahocyA. aMjIra ke vaDavRkSanI vizALa kadIka ahIM tRpti maLe che. kadIka tyAM tRpti maLe che cAlu chAyAmAMe beThA. tyAM eka bAIe emane dudha pIvA ApyuM. astitva mATe e tRSA rUpa banI jAya che. zakti prApta dudha pI e pretsAhita thayA. pitAnuM saMzodhana AgaLa karavAnI A tRSA che. calAvyuM. trIjuM udAtta satya dardane daphanAvavAnuM che? vAsanAne bhayaMkara mAnasika ne AdhyAtmika yAtAnA kalAka sudhI nAbuda karavAnuM? ene tyAga karavAnuM ene vidAya karavAnuM : emaNe sahana karI. manuSyamAM udabhavatI pratyeka bhAvanAne emaNe enAthI chaTakavAnuM ane ene keI sthAna na ApavAnuM che. anubhava karyo. uMDAmAM uDI nirAzAthI uMcamAM uMcI AzA sudhI emaNe paryaTana karyuM. chevaTe e zodhatA hatA evI sthiratA cethuM umadA ahamArga tarIke prasiddha che: satya ne zAti gautamane prAnta thaI. satya emane sAMpaDyuM na e dRSTi, satya vicAraNA, satya vANI, satya karaNI, satya AjI vikA, satya prayAsa kALajI ne satya ekAgrattA. Ama traNeya buddha kahevAyA. mAnava pravRttio : zArIrika mAnasika ne vAcika pravRttione A zodhane AnaMda eTalo te atireka pAmyo ke AvarI levAmAM AvI che. prathama te ene pitA pUra saMgharI rAkhavA emane lebha A cAre satya je zIkhe che ne samaje che te tha. sukhI ekAntamAM zekha jIvana gALavAno vicAra AvyuM. * ahaMtanI bhUmikA para pahoMcI gayo che e saMpUrNa ziSya mamhAmulya prApta thayeluM A sukha keInI sAthe vinimaya na hai lekhAya che. saMsAra ne saMnyAsa : e banne vacceno madhya mArga karavAno vicAra AvyA. paraMtu tamAma mAna mahatvAkAMkSA-nirA muktino mArga che ane te have eNe prApta karyo gaNAya che. ne te ene devI epa ApI aMtima satya sAdhI zakayuM hoya Amate mRtyu pAra nirvANa saMpUrNa sukha zAntiH svArthabhAvanathI evA haiyAmAM A svAthI vicAra jhAMkhuM ghara karI zakyo nahi saMpUrNa alagatA : ane ananta zAntimAM rAcatA vyaktigata pitAne je sAkSAtkAra thaye te sarvanI sAkSAtkAra karAvavAnI AtmAne saMpUrNa sumeLa ne samanya sAdhe che. preraNAthI budhe vArANasI tarapha prayANa karyuM, nagaranA sImADe emaNe pitAnA ziSyone zodhI buddhanA ati suMdara siddhAntanuM mahatva samajavA ane tenI kadara karavA te jamAnAnA hindu jIvana ane vicAraNAne kADhayA. emanA prabhAvathI teo puna : emanA bhakta ziSya banI gayA. gautama emanI sAthe eTalA gauravane zAnta Atma tAga meLavavAnI jarUra che e yugamAM uttara bhAratane agraNI " vizvAsathI bolyA : eTaluM te nirmaLa ne gaMbhIra AzvAsana dharma hindu dharma hate purohita varganA brAhmaNo e zIkhavatA ne ene pracAra karatA. emanA abhiprAya pramANe jIvana AvyuM ke emanI badhI ja zaMkAo ne saMkocanuM nivAraNa thaI gayuM haraNabAgamAM emaNe pitAnA vAsa ubhA karyA. mukhyatve vidhinuM mALakhuM ja hatuM. enI pratikSAo, niyama je rItarivAjonuM vaphAdArI pUrvaka pAlana karavAthI ja manuSyanuM banArasamAM e sthAna sAdhusaMtonA vAsa mATe ja mazahUra hatuM. tyAM potAne je dhyAna lAdhyuM hatuM je jhIlavA AvanAra naitika ne bhautika kalyANa sadhAtuM. jIvanane eka dhArmika prakriyA jevuM banAvI nAkhavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. emAM palaTAtA : pragatine pratyekane buddha zikhavADatA gayA. : unnati ke gauravane bIlakula avakAsa nahote jIvananA vizvamAM cAra umadA satya che. emane pUrI rIte samajI A prakAranA custa anusaraNane dharma kahevAmAM Avato. manuSya levAnI jarUra che. prathama te dehadamana e sarvavyApI che ne mAtranuM e kartavya lekhAtuM. te samayanA cAra vibhAga nA varSo manuSyane jIvanabhara eno sAmano karavo ja paDe che. janma nakakI karavAmAM AvyA hatA. ane manuSyanA janmathI ene eka prakAranI yAtanA ja che. vRddhAvasthA paNa eka prakAranI varNa sthApita thAta. eTale manuSya jame tyArathI e avasAna Aphata ja che. bimArI paNa duHkha che mRtyu paNa dardamaya pAme tyAM sudhI enI sthiti mudrakarara karI devAmAM AvI che. sneha na karatAM hoIe enA sAthamAM rahevuM paDe ane hatI. keI paNa prakArane emAM pheraphAra na thai zake evI e sneha karatAM hoIe emane viraha veTha paDe e paNa eka nakkI hatI. varNana A kaDaka baMdhanoe samAjanA spaSTa cAra jAtane trAsa ja che. IcchAmAM Ave e cIja maLe nahi bhAga pADI nAkhyA hatA ane pratyeka eka bIjAthI saMpUrNa tethI paNa manuSyane duHkha thAya che. TUMkAmAM paMcamahAbhUtanuM rIte bhinna hatA. Ama eka janma jAta amIra varga sarajAryo baneluM A mAnava vyaktitva pote ja dardapUrNa che. hato ane te garIba ne ajJAna leka para sarvoparitA bhagavata Jain Education Intemational

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404 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 bAkInA traNa vargone vikAsane ke AtmA virbhAvano bIlakula karavAnI, parastrIgamana karavAnI ne dArU ke evAM naze kare evA avakAza nahoto emanuM kartavya A adhikRta vaganI sevA pINAM pIvAnI cA pitAnAmAM koI alaukika zakitao che yA pUrNa gulAmImAM samAI jatu ! Ama kimatanA siddhAntane e dekhAva karavAnI manAI karI. saMpUrNa artha sarata. A siddhAMta eka mahAna aDIkhIlI rUpa hato AmajanatA mATe emAM kazI ja AzA nahotI. eTale AmajanatAnA kalyANa mATe pitAnA siddhAntano emanA kalyANa ne sukha prati bIlakula ni : spRhata dAkhavavAmAM pracAra karavA emaNe mahaMtonI eka saMsthA sthApI ene AvatI. emanI svataMtra vicAraNAnI tamAma zakayatAo kuMDita saMdha nAma ApyuM. A saMghanA niyame ghaNA ja kaDaka hatA. thaI gaI hatI. dharmanI vicAradhArA kaI paNa varNane mahatva saMghamAM joDAnAra pratyeka vyakitae saMsAra tyAga karavAne hato. badhAM ja kauTuMbika baMdhana teDI nAkhavAnAM hatAM. ane ApyA sivAya mAnava saMbaMdho vikasAvavA manuSya manuSya vaccenI kaDI rUpa bane e bIlakula asaMbhavita hatuM : kalapI zakAya saMpUrNa pavitra ne AtmatyAganuM jIvana jIvavAnuM hatuM. A ke mahaMte kesarI kathA dhAraNa karatA. hAthamAM bhikSApAtra rAkhatA ema ja nahotuM. IzvaramAM zraddhA ne enI irachAne tAbe bhAratamAM tamAma zikSaka saMsthAonuM bhikSApAtra eka pratika thavAnI bhAvanA ja mahatvane dharma hate. che. A mahaMte rAjamArgo ne zerIomAM buddhanA siddhAntane Ama gautame jayAre pitAnA siddhAntone pracAra pracAra karatA dhUmatA. karavA mAMDe tyAre saMkucita jIvana jIvatA moTA bhAganA manuSyanI nirAdhAra dazAnuM zyAma citra hatu! kaI paNa prakAranI sAmAnya mAnavIe paNa bauddha saMghamAM joDAI zakatA e leke saMghanA sabhyonuM svAgata karatA. e dharmabaMdhuone sanasanATI bharyA uddabodhana karyA sivAya gautama saumAM bhaLyA. emanI ja bhASAmAM emanI sAthe vAta karavA mAMDI. vicArane nibhAva karatA. badalAmAM A sAdhuo emane upadeza ApatA vartanamAM prema ne ahiMsAnA pAyAnA upadeza ApavA mAMDyA. ghaNuM rAjakumAro ne amIra umarAva Ama saMbadhamAM emanA anokhA vyakatatve yuvAna ne vRddha, garIba ne tavaMgara, joDAyA hatA. pAchaLathI gautamanI pAlaka mAtA gautamI ane gautamanA priya ziSya AnaMdanI nizrA nice eka adhikRta varga ne gulAma : saune emanA prati AkazyA. sAvIono saMgha paNa sthApavAmAM Avyo hato. parantu buddha ananta janmajanmAntaranA siddhAMtane svIkAra karyo e saMtanA saMgha karatAM utaratI karino hate ne temanI parantu emAthI chaTakavAnI bArI emaNe batAvI. cAra udAtta doravaNI mujaba kAma karato. yugayugAntaranI hindu vicAraNA satyanA jJAna dvArA nirvANanI pUnita gati pAtI manuSya pitAnuM mujaba bauddhadhamIe paNa maradone mahilAothI caDhiyAte vyakitatva visArI zake che janmajanmAttaranI dugdhAmAM mukata gaNatA baudha vihAromAM strIpuruSane sarakhI taka ApavAmAM thaI zake che. AvatI. mahilAonI zaktio sImita hoya che evI sAmAnya mAnyatA sAthe buddha pote paNa maLatA thatA nahotA. A tatvajJAnI parAkASThA te kevaLa tIvane zakti hakIkatamAM te budhe ja strIone potAnI suzupta zaktio zALI mAnasa ja atizaya Atma zista ne AtmasaMyama prati vadhu jAgrata karI. dharAvanAra vyakti ja prApta karI zake paraMtu AmajanatA mATe te buddhanAM pravacaneja vyahArU pariNAma nipajAvatAM. - buddhanAM paryaTane aMge ghaNI ja ochI mAhitI sulabha emanA aSTAvadhAnI mAge ucca naitika dharaNa sthApyuM hatu: che. chatAM emaNe samagra uttara bhAratane pravAha karyo hate e nirvANanuM vacana e nItino hetu hatuM. atyAra sudhIno vAta nakkI che. khAsa karIne audha ne bihAramAM ema che vicAra karyA vinA vidhine vaLagI rahevA sivAya anya prakA jhAjhAM paryaTano kyAM pIstAliseka varSe emaNe zikSaNakArya ne ranuM jIvana ja nahotuM. have te saguNa keLavavA ekAtra paNe pracAra kAryamAM gAje. emanA lAMbA jIvana daramiyAna lAgI javAnuM hatuM ane samagra mAnavajAtane premabandhanathI saLaMga bhikSukavRtti rAkhI potAnA ziya gaNumAM uttama bAMdhI leva-nI hatI. udAharaNa pUruM pADyuM. comAsAnI Rtu daramiyAna yuddha kaI gAma yA addha varNavyavasthA phagAvI dIdhA. e mane mane badhA ja kAma viDAra karatA hInamAM hIna bhikSuka peThe e AkhA manuSya samAna hatAM. badhAne ja mitrane badhuo lekhavAnA comAsA daramiyAna ghera ghera pharI bhikSA mAgatA. hatA. kaI paNa cetana prANIne vadha karavA nahote kAraNa ke jIva mAtra pavitra che atyAre paNa bauddha maMdire ne vihAre rAjAe buddhano Adara satkAra ka tA. zrImaMta emanuM AsapAsanI jamInanuM ghAsa khodI kADhI tene sApha rAkhavAmAM bhAvabhInu svAgata karatAM emane mATe potAnAM upavano khulA Ave che. ane keI nAnakaDA jIva jaMtunI hatyA thAya mUkatA bagIcAomAM emanA anuyAyIone Azraya ApatA. emaNe emanA anuyAyI ene juThuM bolavAnI, cerI tyAM haMmezA zradhdhALuone anuyAyIonAM ToLAM jAmatAM. ne badhuo, jIva mAtra tana prANIne.. Jain Education Intenational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 405 budhdha ane emanA anuyAyIo pAsethI AmajanatAne dhyAna huM jhAjhI takalIpha ApatuM nathI. satyathI huM kApa mUkuM chuM, ne zAnta vicAraNAnA pATha paDhatA. namratAmAM mArI mUkti che jema mArA jotarelA baLada che ne e mane nirvANanA ajoDa salAmatI bharyA prere che. keIpaNa parantu rAjAo ne zrImaMtanA A rAjamahele haMmezA prakAranA dardanuM astitva nathI evA sthAne temane dorI jAya mATe budhdha ne temanA anuyAyIonA vAsa banatA nahi. che. tyAMthI pAchA pharavAno bIlakula avakAza nathI. A mArI nIcenI kathA e mahAna gurUnI daivI gaMbhIratA sapaSTa karaze. khetI che. ne temAMthI mane amaratAne pAka maLe che. AvI eka divase simasapA jagalamAnA alavIne vAsI ja rIte eka mAtA enA saMtAnanA avasAnathI gAMDI thaI DhoranA saMcAra mAge buddha dayAna batAvI beThA hatA tyAM gaI hatI tene rAInA dANAnI kathA kahI gautame mRta nI AvyuM. khUba Adara bhAvathI buddha pAse jaI teNe pUchayuM, nizcitatAne atimuzkela pADa paDAvyuM hatuM. 'gurujI! Apa kuzaLa che ne!" eMzI eka varSanA e thayA tyAre bimArIe emane " avazya yuvAna ! huM khUba sukhamAM javuM chuM' A cetavaNI A pI. emane anta najIka hatuM. parantu emaNe vizvamAM ghaNA sukhI jIve che. temAM huM paNa eka che. potAnI IcchAzakitanA balathI mRtyune paNa rokI rAkhyuM. ' prathama mArA ziSyo sAme vArtAlApa karyA sivAya vidAya levI " gurujI ! ziyALAnI A Rtu che. rAtri kAtIla ThaMDIthI cagya nathI temaNe vicAryuM. bharelI che. TuMka samayamAM ja himavarSA thavAnI dhAraNA che. Ama dardathI e bhAMgI paDyA hatA chatAM temaNe AkhuM pazuonA halanacalanathI bhUmi kharabacaDI banI gaI che. vR mAsu kheMcyuM. pachI badhA zine ekaThA karyA. 'mAruM para ghaNAM AchAM pAna che ziyALAnA kAtila vAyUsapATA sAdhunI kesarI kanyAnI ArapAra nIkaLI jAya che." jIvana traNa mahinAmAM pUruM thaze " e belyA" tamAre bIjA koI gurUnI apekSA rAkhavAnI nathI. tame tamArA kAryamAM daDha daivI zAnti dAkhavI budhe uttara Ape, ".rI vAta rahejo. AtyAvizvAsa keLavajo. kSAna mATe haMmezAM Atura che yuvAna ! chatAM huM sukhe jIvuM chuM. vizvamAM ghaNo sukhI raheje." pachI emaNe AnaMdane najIka lAvyA. AnaMda !' jIvaDAM che. huM paNa emAMnuM eka chuM." te bolyA," huM paNa have vRddha thaye huM mArAM varSo bharAI cUkayAM che. mArA pravAsa anta have najIka che meM eka vAhana varSonAM vividha paryaTano daramiyAna, aneka sArA mAThA taiyAra karI nAMkhyuM. che. Anada ! ThIka ThIka prayatna karavAthI e anubhavo vacce paNa buddha potAnA dilanI akhaMtha zAMti e avazya gatizIla thaze. khUba khUba parizrama AdarIne ja jALavI rAkhatA. potAnA dhyeyane vaLagI rahetA. brAhmaNa ane A prakAzapUjana tejasvI rAkhI zakAze. mArI evI mAnyA che? jaina saMpradAya jevA paMthe paDe e carcA sabhAo rAkhatA. mahAna grIka tatvajJAnI sekreTIsa peThe praznottarI dvArA sone chatAM khUba khUba parizrama karI e puna: pitAnI pada ekAgra banAvatA ne gUMcavI paNa nAkhatA. yAtrAe nIkaLI paDayA. pharIthI e bimArIthI paTakAI paDayA have te dada paNa khUba vadhI gayuM, e kusanAra pahayA. dalIlomAM parAjaya pAmavAne emane kadI bhaya nahote. ( emaNe potAnA anuyAyIone chelluM saMbodhana karyuM, juo! keipaNa vyakti sAthenI carcAmAM huM gUMcavAI jAuM ke aka- dharmabandhao ! huM tamane anurodha karU chuM. suSThinAM pratyeka nau evI zakayatA ja nathI. mane evI zakayatA jaNAtI sarjana ya pAtra che. mATe dakSatAthI tamArU nirvANa siddha karo., ja nathI eTale ja huM zAMta ne AtmavizvAsu rahI zakuM chuM' sAma kahI teo akAradhAma pAmyA. gautama lekasamUhane upadeza ApatA. Tucagane dAMte buddhanAM udhanee vicAraNAne samRddha banAvI che ApatA. kheDUta bhAradvAje ekavAra gautamane kahyuM : Ama pUrvanA dezanAM mAnavIonI saMkhyA baMdha peDhIone ALasu zuM besI rahyA che. amArA kheDUte peDe jAtamahenata avazyaka bhAtu pUruM pADyuM che parantu emanA sidhdhAntanI karI rele raLI khAo ne.' paNa kheDUta ja chuM" gautame pavitratA Tuka samayamAM ja adazya thai. mAtra gaNI gAMTha ene javAba Apyo. 'huM paNa kheDa karIne jAtamahenatathI vyaktio ja e sAcavI zakI. chatAM mAnAe izvaranA ja mAruM gujarAna calAvu chuM e brAhmaNane Azcarya thayuM. avatAra mAnyA. ene Adeza samajavAnuM badale bauddha dharmanA budhdha pAse motIne keI sAdhane te hatAM nahi pachI gotama sthApake e pUjatA thaI gayA. emanA Adeza AcAramAM bolyA," zradhdhA mAruM bIja che. dardI mArI varSA che. jJAna mUkavAnuM eka bAjue rahI gayuM. chatAM bodhane enA anu mAruM haLa che. lajA mArA haLane staMbha che. mana haLanAM yAyI ene be a Atha varadAna ApyAM che. emane jJAti yA jetaro che. ne ekAgratA mAruM Arogya che. Ama mArUM tana varNanA baMdhanamAMthI mukta karyA che. jIvananAM AzAne pUrNa mana ne vANI rahyAyelAM che mArA khorAka para saMyama che peTane sthAna che e vizvAsa temanAmAM paidA karyo che. Jain Education Intemational

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406 palaTA ne vikAsa e buddhanuM tatva kSAna che manuSya potAnAM mRtyu mATe saMpUrNa javAbadAra che jaDa janatAmAM A siddhAnte koi navuM ja joma ApyuM. samAnatA keLavavAmAM emanA AdezeAe ghaNoja phALA ApyA. Aja ambe hajAra varSo vItI gayAM che chatAM buddhanA anuyAyIoe kadI zastra dhAraNa karyAM nathI parantu budhdhi ne naitika joma para ja bhAra mUkayA che dharmane nAme bauddha dhame koInu ya damana karyuM" nathI mAnava jemane saMpUrNa banAvavAnI zraddhAnA pAyA para sakriya pavitratAnA e dharmanA mArga mokaLA karavA mudhdhanA udbeAdhanAe ghaNo ja moTo phALo ApyA che. zubhecchA pADave che dhI uMjhA oIla mIlsa kuAM. vesTarna inDIyA InDasTrIyala enTaraprAijha *jhA ( uttara gujarAta ) eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 2000sese 0000000000000000000 ThAkarazI jasarAja veArA--muMbaI 100000000000000 asmitA graMtha zreNIne zubhecchAe hArdika zubhecchA sAthe sTezana roDa, unA ( ji. junAgaDha ) ( saurASTra ) zrI devIdAsa dvArakAdAsa enDa kuM. (ibIla oilamIla--jInIMga phekTarI) TelIphona na. : 4-104 deeseeeeeeeee0:00:00:00:0000000000000000000-00000/-0000000000000cesses

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[4] bhagavAna mahAvIra : samayacakra pharyA ja kare che. e vartulanAM nimnabinduthI zRMga para avasAna pAmyA. agiyAramA tIrthaMkara zrI zreyAupara caDhavA mAMDIe te uparanAM kendra bindue pahoMcAya nAtha sAranAtha pAse siMhapurAmAM pragaTayA e sthaLe atyAre ne kendrabinduthI utarANa karatAM pAchA asala sthAna nimna eka jaina dezasara UbhuM che. te te paNa pArasanAtha zaMga para bindue AvI javAya jaina dharmamAM A sIdhA caDhANanA nirvANa pAmyA, bAramAM tIrthakara zrI vAsupUjya, bhAgalapura gALAmAM cAvIza tIrthakara thayA che. ne utarANanA gALAmAM pAse caMpApurImAM pragaTayA ne tyAMja kALadharma pAmyA. teramA covIsa tIrthaka thayA che, utarANanA gALAnA A tIrtha karo tIrthakara zrI vimalanAtha pharakkAbATha thI pacIsa mAIla dUra bhAratamAM thaI gayA, temAM sauthI pahelA thaya zrI : bhadeva vAyavyamAM pragaTa thayA, ne pArasanAtha rAMga para nemane deha utarANunA A cAlu gALAne avAsapinI kahevAya che. emAM vilaya thayo caudamA tIrthaMkara zrI anantanAtha ayodhyAmAM zrI trASabhadevanA, bhUmipradezanA pahelA rAjavI tarIke rAjyA- jamyA. bhiSeka karavAmAM Avya; emanA pahelAM pRthvI para kaI rAjA paMdaramAM tIrthakara zrI dharmanAtha ratnApuramAM pragayA seLamAM na hatuM. emanA rAjyakALa daramiyAna zrI kaSabhadeve, manuSyane A tIrthakara zrI zAntinAthane janma hastinApuramAM 3. sattaramAM gRhasthajIvana jIvatAM ne tenAM kartavya bajAvatAM zIkhavyuM. tIrthakara zrI kanyanAtha ne aDhAramA tIrthaMkara zrI aranAtha paNa mATImAMthI vAsaNo banAvatA zIkhavyuM. dhAnyanAM kUMDAne upANI adhyAmAM ja pragaTa thayA ogaNImAM tIrthakara mallInAtha anAjanA dANuM bahAra kADhatA zIkhavyuM. bhAta rAMdhatA zIkhavyuM mithilAmAM thayA, vIsamAM tIrthakara zrI munisuvrata rAjagRmAM ema manuSyane tamAma kalAo prApta thaI. lAMbA samaya sudhI pragaTayA ekavIzamAM zrI nemInAtha mithilAmAM pragaTa thayA, A rAjya karyA pachI, zrI RSabhadeve rAjyasanane tyAga karyo, badhAja pArasa nAnI TekarI upara kALadharma pAmyA. saMsAra tyAga karI saMnyAsInuM jIvana jIvavA mAMDayuM e jainadharmanA sthApaka ane pahelA jaina-tIrthakara banyA. tethI bAvIsamAM tIrthakara zrI arISTanemI thaI gayA. e ja emane Adideva yA AdinAtha yA bhagavAna bASabhadeva kahe, zaurIpuramAM yAdavakulamAM janmyA hatA. bhagavAna zrIkRSNanA e vAmAM Ave che. zrI RSabhadeva vinitA : ayodhyAmAM janmyA samakAlina ne pitarAI thatA hatA. mahArAjA ugrasenanI putrI hatA. ane aSTapAda: kailAsamAM e kALadharma pAmyA hatA. sAthe emane vivAha karavAmAM AvyA hatA. rAjamatiyA bIjA tIrthakara zrI ajItanAtha paNa ayodhyAmAM janmyA sutanuM emanuM nAma lagnane divase moTI jAna laI arISTanemI ugrasenanA mahAlaya tarapha javA nIkaLyA, tyAM mArgamAM eka hatA, ne pArasanAthanA girIgapara kALadharma pAmyA hatA. meTA vADAmAM haraNa ne bIjAM saMkhyAbaMdha pazuo ekaThAM trIjA tIrthakara zrI saMbhavanAtha zrAvastImAM-atyAranA genDA karelAM temanI najare paDyAM "A badhAne kema ekaThA karyA jIlalAnA saheta maheta gAmamAM pragaTa thayA ane e paNa che? " temaNe pUchyuM "jAnanA bhajana mATe keIe kahyuM, pArasanAthanA zaMga para nirvANa pAmyA cethA tIrthakara zrI AthI emane bhAre AghAta thaye. 'mAre kAje ATalI badhI abhinaMdana ne pAMcamA tIrthaMkara zrI sumatinAtha paNa ayodhyAmAM hiMsA?" emaNe lagna na karavAno nirNaya laI lIdho. ghera thaI gayA ne pAranAthanA girizaga para nirvANa pAmyA. cha pAchA vaLyA. manuSya jIvananI kSaNa bhaMguratA mATe uMDA vicAtIrthakara zrI "padmaprabha" alAhAbAda prAMtamAM atyAre kAsa ramAM paDI gayA," e TakAvavA mATe ATalI badhI kruratA ne mAI nAme oLakhAtA gAma kauzAmbimAM thaI gayA. e paNa hiMsA ? " turata ja emaNe saMsArano tyAga karyo. kevaLajJAna pArasanAtha zaMgapara nirvANa pAmyA, sAtamAM tIrthakara zrI supa prApta karyuM ne bAvIsamAM tIrthakara thayA. e giranAra parvata zvanAtha kAzImAM pragaTyA ne pArasanAtha zaMga para vIragati para kALadharma pAmyA. pAmyA, AThamA tIrthakara zrI caMdraprabha kAzIthI aDhAra mAila dUra atyAre caMdravatI nAme oLakhAtA gAmamAM thaI gayA, ne | vevIzamAM tIrthakara zrI pArzvanAtha thayA, emane janma pArasanAtha gUMgapara kALadharma pAmyA, e gAmamAM Aje paNa vAraNasImAM thayela hatuM. eka saMnyAsI paMcAgni tapa karatA jena maMdira jovA maLe che. navamA tIrthaMkara suvidhinAtha kAkanDImAM hatA. eno emaNe sakhata virodha karyo. agnimAMthI eka thaI gayA, bihAramAM lahamIsarAI sTezanathI e cauda mAila baLatA vAMsano TUkaDo bahAra kADhaye. enA be TUkaDA karyA. dUra che. tyAM paNa jaina derAsara che. dasamA tIrthaMkara zrI hatA emAMthI eka jIvate sarpa nIkaLe. e sarpa agnimAM baLI lanAtha bhIlapuramAM thaI gayA. e gAmanAM khaMDiyero gayA rahyo hato, enuM pelA saMnyAsIne bhAna karAvyuM. yajJa yA jIlAnA daMtArA gAma pAse jovA maLe che. epazu pArasanAtha agnitapane A pahelA nirodha 'pAdhanA pachI saMsAra Jain Education Intemational

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sata kulanA mAM A jJAna 408 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-ra tyAga karyo kevalajJAna pAmyA ne trevIsamAM tIrthakara thayA. e brAhmaNoe pelI sAmAjIka parithithati sarvatra paNa pAzvanAthanI TekarI para kALadharma pAmyA. pravartatI. brAhmaNe sarvocca sthAne virAjatAne samAjamAM ekacakrI adhikAra dharAvatA. kSatriye yuddha kAryomAM rAjatA. A badhA tIrthakaroe je dharma pravartAvyuM e zrama- vaizya vyApAradhaMdhAmAM mazagula rahetA. zudro majUrI karatA. mAno yA nigranthane dharma kahevAyo. vartamAna kALamAM e garIba ne upekSita hatA. jJAtibaMdhane kaDaka hatA. brAhmaNa jainadharma tarIke oLakhAya che. badhA ja tIrthakaroe eka ja vidhimUDha, abhimAnIne ADaMbarI banI gayA hatA. strIonI prakAranA dharmane upadeza Ape che. vidhine pAlanamAM kevaLa sthiti sArI nahotI. patnI mIlakata lekhAtI. bahupatnItvane De cheDe pharaka paDe che. rivAja hatA. yuddhakAlamAM strIonAM haraNa thatAM. vijetAnAM ghara mAMDatI ke bajAramAM vecAtI. ucca varNo sArI keLavaNI badhAja tIrthakare uMcA kSatriya kuTuMbane hatA. dareka letA. emanI strIo paNa keLavAyelI hatI. sarvajJa ane dIrghadRSTA hatA. mahAvIra sauthI chelalA vIzamAM tIrthakara hatA. emane janma "kSatriya kunda " grAmamAM thayo. emane janma - triya kendra >> gAmamAM thayo e kALamAM brAhmaNadharma sarvopari hate. dika rUDhIo IsvIsana pUrve 599nI sAla vikrama saMvatanA caitra mahinAnI sarvatra pravartatI. gAme gAma brAhANu kSatriyo yajJa karatA. terasanI rAtri. tyAre caMdra uttaraphAlkanImAM hatA. emanA bhAre pazuhatyA thatI. brahmavAda ne upaniSadone pracAra thatuM. pitAnuM nAma siddhArtha. jJAta kulanA kSatriyanA e saradAra aDhIso varSa pahelAM thaI gayelA prAzvanAthanA anuyAyI dhIme yA rAjavI. kSatriyakunDa gAmanA uttara bhAgamAM A jJAnaleke vadhI rahI hatI. teo e ahiMsAne pracAra karatA. jaina rahetA. prAkRtamAM " jJAta" ne " nAtha" kahe che. tethI prAcina dharmamAM dhArmika cAra varSe mukhya lekhavAmAM AvyA che. emAM rasa dharomAM mahAvIrane nAthapana kahevAmAM AvyA che. 363 peTA jJAtio hatI. dhArmika vibhAgamAM prathama hatA bauddha dharmazAstromAM emane nAtaputta kahevAmAM AvyA che. kriyAvAdI. AtmA kriyAzIla che. potAnI karma jaLathI e baMdhAyeluM che. ema e mAnatA. bIjA akriyAvAdI hatA. A mahAvIranA janma samaye bhArata saMkhyAbaMdha nAnAM leke AtmAnuM astitva ne enAM karmabaMdhanamAM mAnatA nahi rAjyomAM vaheMcAyeluM hatuM. A rajA paNa najIvA kAraNasara trIjA ajJAnavAdIo hatA. kevaLatatapazcaryA ne dehadamana dvArA paraspara jhaghaDayAM hatAM. I. saMpUrve sAtamI sadIne e aMtakALa, ja mukita prApta karI zakAze ema mAnatA. jJAna dvArA ne chaThThI sadIne AraMbhakALa hatuM. tyAre uttara bhAratamAM magadha, kazuM ja siddha nahi thAya ema samajatA. chelA hatA aMga, videha, vaja, kAzI, kezala, mala, vatsa, pAMcAla, vinayavAdI kevaLa saddasaritrathI ja mekSa meLavI zakAya ema kuru, matsya, avaMti, sidhu sauvIra ne gAMdhAranAM rAjya hatAM. e mAnatA. A badhAja upadezake yamAM pazunAM balidAnane jaina zAstromAM sADI pacIza Arya rAjyo nedhelAM che, paraMtu dhikkAratA. halakA varNane paNa potAnA saMpradAyamAM praveza koI eka rAjya sArvabhaumasattA dharAvatuM nahotuM. ghaNAMkharAM ApatA. zUdanA guNonI kadara paNa karatA. Ama atizaya rAjyamAM rAjataMtra hatuM. keTalAkamAM gaNataMtra hatuM. pitAnuM vaibhava vilAsa ne zUdanA damananA pratyAghAta paDI rahyA hatA. rakSaNa na karI zake evuM dareka kuTuMba pitAne saradAra cUMTatuM. uDuM dhArmika saMzodhana hAtha dharavAmAM AvyuM hatuM A badhAja e gaNarAja kahevAtuM. AvAM kuMTubo bhegA maLI eka gaNarAjya dhAka vibhAge vaidika balidAnane virodha karatA. ne tyAga, sthApatAM. ne badhAmAMthI ekane pitAne gaNapati cUMTI kADhatA. Atmazista ane tapazcaryAne biradAvatA. AjIvike nagna badhA bhegA maLI rAjyanA yuddhane bacAvanA praznonI chaNAvaTa karatA. AkarAM deha damana AcaratA. jANe prajA kaI zAntine karatA. vAjI, licchavI, ne malee bhegA maLI potAnuM svataMtratAnA navA payagAmanI vATa joI rahI hatI. gaNataMtra sthApyuM hatuM. ne vaizAlIne potAnuM pATanagara banAvyuM siddhArthanAM pani ane mahAvIranAM mAtA trizalA 27 hatuM. mahArAjA cetaka e gaNataMtranA adhyakSa hatA, bIjAM kuTuMbanA mahArAjA cetakanAM e bahena. vaizAlI gaNataMtranA paNa keTalAMka gaNuta hatAM, agraNI mahArAjA cetakane sAta dIkarIo hatI. emAMnI eke vyApAra udyaugamAM bhArata e gALAmAM ghaNuM ja AgaLa zramaNa tarIke dIkSA lIdhI hatI. bAkInI che. e yuganA mahAna vadheluM hatuM meTAM moTAM baMdarethI moTImoTI naukAomAM rAjAone varAvavAmAM AvI hatI. magadhanA zreNika yAne bismivyApArIo sAgarakheDa karatA. dezaparadeza dhUmatAne vyApAra sAra, aMganA dadhivAhana, kauzAmbInA zatAnika, avantInA vinimaya vadhAratA. puSkaLa dhana kamAtA. suMdara mahAlaye baMdhA pradyota, siMdhu sauvIranA rUdrAyaNu yA udAyaNa, ane mahAvIranA vatA. khUba zaibhavamAM rahetA. trIsa trIsa patnIo paraNatA. moTAbhAI nandIvardhana. Ama mahArAjA siddhArthanuM sthAna sau zrI maMtanA nabIrA vaibhavavilAsamAM evA gaLADUba rahetA ke rAjavIomAM anekhuM hatuM. emane sUya kayAre ugatAne kayAre Athamate ene paNa khyAla bhagavAna mahAvIra emanAM mAtAnA udaramAM pravezyA rahe nahi, paraMtu garIbanI dazA eTalI ja hIna hatI. tyAre emanI mAtAne cauda mahAna svapna AvyAM hatAM. ne Jain Education Interational

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samRti saMdarbha graMtha e, niMdrAmAMthI jhabakI jAgyAM hatA. emaNe zamaNAmAM hAthI, prahare emaNe kuTuMbIjane,ne grAmajanenI vidAya lIdhI baLada, siMha, lakSmI pUjA, puSpahAra, caMdra, sUrya, vaja, kuMbha, jJAnazavanamAM azakanA vRkSa nIce emaNe potAnAM vastrAlaMkAra kamala sarovara, samudra, daivIratha, rane Dhagale ne javalaMta utArI nAkhyA. mAthAnA vALa khUTI nAkhyA. mAtra ekaja agni jeyAM hatA, AvA zamaNAM jenAra mAtAne putra kAMte vastra aMgapara dhAraNa karI, pitAnI saMzodhana yAtrAe nIkaLI samrATa thAya, tyAM tIrthakara thAya, evI tyAre jaina mAnyatA paDyA. hatI. saMsAratyAga TANe emaNe zapatha lIdhA : AjathI mArA bhagavAna mahAvIra jyArathI emanI mAtAnA udaramAM jIvananAM anta payata, sRSTinAM sarva prANIone samAna AvyA tyArathI mahArAjA siddhArthanI dina pratidina airika gaNIza, manasA-vAcA-kamaNA kai pApa karIza nahi. athavA vRddhi thavA lAgI hatI. tethI ja siddhArthe Agantuka bAlakanuM koI pAse karAvIza nahi. keInA pApane biradAvIza nahi. nAma vardhamAna rAkhyuM hatuM. siddhArthanA moTA putranuM nAma AjasudhI karelAM pApanuM prAyazcita karIza ne pApathI aLage nandivardhana hatuM. emanI putrInuM nAma sudarzana hatuM. varSa rahIza ! A bola sAthe emaNe teija dIkSA lIdhI. mAnanAM mAtA pitA nigranthanA anuyAyI hatA, eTale vadhu dIkSA letA pahelAM be divasa emaNe upavAsa karyA. hatA. mAnamAM paNa, janmathI ja tIrthaMkara pAdhanAthanAM nigrantha dharmanA : che ema kahevAya che ke, mahAvIramAM janmathI ja matijJAna, dhRtasaMskAro vavAyelA ja hatA. jJAna ne avadhijJAna hatAM, zuM manaH payamijJAna emaNe rAjakumAra vardhamAnane uchera rAjasI ThAThathI thaye. e dIkSA letAM ja prApta karyuM. jyAre vardhamAna jJAna zaqnamAMthI bAlyakALathI ja sudaDha deha, dharAvatA, tIDara, dauryazIla nItatra vihAra karI rahyA hatA. tyAre eka brAdANa bhikSaka temanI buddhizALI ne gaMbhIra prakRtinA hatA. ekavAra zahera bahAra sAme AvI Ubhe, bhikSAnI mAgaNI karI, tyAre te mahAvIra e upavana vihAra karavA gayA hatA. tyAre eka moTo nAga pAse bhikSAmAM ApavA jevuM kazuM hatuM ja nahi. emaNe temanI sAme upasthita thayela hatuM. bIja kizore te nAgane deha para dhAraNa karelA eka vastramAMthI ardha vastra, tene ApI joI bhAgI gayA paraMtu vardhamAne te ene saralatAthI ucakI dIdhuM. bAkInuM adhu vaya emanA deha para tera mahinA rahyuM dUra pheMkI dIdhe. jANe kAMI viziSTa na banyuM hoya ema ramavA pachI e sAva dIgaMbara banI gayA. lAgyA, zrI vardhamAnanAM jIvanamAM have AdhyAtmika zistane rAjakumAra vardhamAna pukhta vayanA thayA tyAre emanA gALe zarU thaye. AraMbhamAM ja emaNe pratijJA lIdhI bAra lagna paDozanA rAjavI samaravIranAM putrI yazodA sAthe thayAM, varSa sudhI huM mArA dehanI koIpaNa prakAranI darakAra karIza A daMpatine eka putrI thaI. enuM nAma priyadarzanA athanA nahi devanI IrachAe, je kAMI aMtarA, Apatti ke duHkha anavadyA priyadarzanA ne vardhamAnanAM bahena sudarzanAnA putra AvI paDaze e veThI laIza. duHkha denAra prati kSamAbhAvane jamAlI sAthe paraNAvavAmAM AvI. samAnatA dAkhavIza " A daDha nirdhAra sAthe temaNe gAmegAma paryaTana AdaryuM muktimArge vaLavA mATe tapazcaryA, Atma rAjakumAra vardhamAna aDDAvIza varSanA thayA, emanA saMyama sahana zilatA, tyAga, saMteSa Adi guNo AcaraNamAM mAtA - pitA : bannenuM ra vasAna thayuM. turata ja emaNe saMsAra tyAga karavAnI IcchA darzAvI. paraMtu nandivardhananA AgrahathI e be varSa vadhu saMsAramAM rahevA saMmata thayA e jJAtazaMdavanathI zrI vardhamAna ekalA ja nIkaLI paDayA. gALA daramiyAna emaNe zistabaddha jIvana jIvavA mAMDayuM. saMdhyATANe kumAra nAmanA gAme pahocyA. rAtri tyAM ja gALavALa oLavA, puSpahAra dhAraNa karavA ne vaibhavavilAsa bhega- vAnA IrAde dhyAnastha thayA. bIje savAre e che lAgI gayA. vavAnuM baMdha karyuM. chellA varSamAM te emaNe bhikSukone anna- vahelA nAmanA brAhmaNa pAsethI bhikSA lIdhI. dAna ApavA mAMDayuM. AkhuM varSa pratyeka prabhAte A vidhi thato. pratyeka bhikSuka managamatI bhikSA laI vidAya lete. cheDI rakhaDapaTTI pachI e duIjajarA AzramamAM AvyA merAka vasAhatanI bAjumAM AvelA e AzramamAM emaNe Ama be varSa saMyamI jIvana gALI vardhamAne zamaNa varSanA cAra mahinA gALavA nirNaya karyo, AzramanA kulapati tarIke dIkSA levA niradhAra karyo. dravya, milkata, patnI, kuTuMba, mahArAja siddhArthanA snehI hatA. vardhamAna theDAka divasa tyAM sagAMvahAlAM, vaibhava, mojazekha, sarvasva tyAga karI, rahyA. tyAM to temane tyAMnuM vAtAvaraNa azAnta jaNAyuM. kSatriyakaThapura gAmanI bhAgoLe AvelA jJAna 'vana nAmanA tyAMnA AzramavAsIone emanuM Agamana rucyuM hoya evuM upavanamAM vihAra karyo. mArgazIrSa mahinAnA kRSNa pakAnI jaNAyuM nahi. eTale emaNe e Azramane tyAga karyo, ne dazamane e divasa. uttaraphAgunI nakSatra. divasanA chellA varSanA cAra mAsa asthikA gAmamAM gALyA. mukyA. Jain Education Intemational

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410 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 pachI zramaNa vardhamAne maunavrata dhAraNa karyuM ne dhyAnane dIkSA pachInA pAMcamA ane navamA varSe vardhamAna rAhI tapazcaryAmAM divase nirgamana karavA mAMDyA. AdhyAtmika, daivI rAjyamAM gayA. enA be prAnta : vrajabhUmi vairabhUmi yA vIra ke bhautika padArtho dvArA, je kAMI Apatti veThavI paDI, e bhUmi ane sUrabhUmi, siMdhabhUci, yA siMgabhUmi mAM paryaTana temaNe pUrI sahanazilatAthI aDagatAthI veThI. dhikkAra, lakSmIne karyuM. A prAntamAM emane nirdaya damana veThavuM paDayuM. badhuM ja bhayapara vijaya meLavyo. game tevA bhAre zArIrika duHkhanI emaNe zAnta citte sahana karyuM. emanA dila para kazI ja asara thatI nahi. TADha, tApa emane vardhamAnane pitAnA niyatadharmathI calAvavA mATe ghaNA pIDA karatAM nahi. lAbha ne nukazAna, sukhane duHkha jIvanane mRtyu, e ya tene upara AdhIna thava' ya dIzA mAna ne apamAna, e sarva paristhitimAM emaNe prakhara pachInA agiyAramAM varSe saMdhamaka deve cha mahinA sudhI bhayaMkara zatru karmane sAmane karyo. trAsa vartAvyo paraMtu vardhamAna aDaga rahyA. eTale saMdhamake varSAnA cAra mAsa vardhamAna eka sthAne rahetA. ziyALA emanI sAthe bhikSATanamAM sAtha Apyo. pachI vardhamAne bhikSAvRtti choDI dIdhI ne dhyAnastha thaI gayA. pachI saMdhamaka unALAmAM e gAme gAma paryaTana karatA. jyAM jyAM jatA tyAM ekAntavAsa karatA. tapazcaryA ne dhyAnamAM divasa gALatA. vidAya thaye. ne vardhamAne cha mahinAnA upavAsa nAM vrajadhAma mAM pAraNuM karyA. bhikSAnna ArogatA. eka sthaLe keTalAka sarakArI aphasaroe vardhamAnane AzikAthI vardhamAna uttara vAcAlA AvyA. tyAM eka cara mAnI lIdhA, emane phAMsIe caDhAvavA laI gayA, paraMtu bhayaMkara nAga raheto hato. kevaLa dRSTi hepathI ja e sarvasva bhasmI sAta-sAta vAra phAMsInuM doraDuM tUTIM. gayuM eTale bhaya ane bhUta karato leko e vardhamAnane tyAM jatA vAryA, paraMtu eto AzcaryathI emane choDI mUkayA. Ave vakhate e maunaja sevatA. nAga rahetuM hatuM e khADA AgaLa ja dhyAnastha thaI gayA nAganI dRSTithI e saLagI gayA nahi. eTale nAge emanA dIkSAnA bAramA varSamAM vardhamAna kauzAmbI gayA, tyAM page traNa daMza dIdhA. paraMtu vardhamAnane kazIja asara thaI emaNe upavAsa AraMbhyA, koI gulAma rAjakumArI mUMDana ta, sozikA . hA asara nathI thayuM ! karAvI, pagamAM beDI nAkhI, traNa divasanA upavAsathI kaMTALI nAganA dilamAM paDachaMda paDayA. ene jAtismaraNa jJAna thayuM. apUNa nayane vAtAvaramAthI dALa Ave tyAre pUrva janame apakRtyo yAda AvyAM, e vardhamAnane caraNe choDavA niradhAra karyo. bhagraha dhAraNa karyo, tyAre paNa e pa. vardhamAne ene upadeza Apyo. ne ahiMsAnA paMthe haMmezAM kauzAmbInI zerIomAM dhUmatA. keI bhikSA grahaNa preryo, nAge AhAra choDI dIdho. paMdara divase zAntithI kALadhama karatA nahi. ghera AvI dhyAnastha thaI jatA. pAMca mahinA ne pAme. pacIsa divasa pachI. caMdanAe emane dALanI bhikSA ApI. caMdanA aMgadezanA mahArAjA dadhivAhananI putrI eka pachI varmamAna nAlaMdA gayA. bIjI varSAnA cAturmAsa zrI, mAsa zrImaMtane ghera e gulAma hatI. pachI kauzAmbI choDI. gAme tyAM gALyA, A gALAmAM vardhamAna keTalIkavAra paMdara divasa gAma paryaTana karatA vardhamAna caMpAnagarI AvyA. ne svAdite keTalIkavAra mahinAnA upavAsa kheMcI kADhatA. manakhalI datta nAmanA brAhmaNane ghera varSAne cAturmAsa gaLyA." AtmA gozAlaka e veLA nAlaMdAmAM hatA. vardhamAnanI tapazcaryA, zuM che?" svAtidare pUchyuM. "huM" zabdathI manuSya "AtmAne dhyAnane niSkAma vRttithI e yuvAna bhikSuka khUbaja prabhAvita pichAne che." vardhamAne uttara dIdho. svAtidattane saMtoSa thayo. thayA. emanA ziSya banyA. cAturmAsa pUrA thaye, vardhamAne nAlaMdA cheDayuM. kelAgAnA brAhmaNa vahalane ghera jaI eka cAturmAsa pachI caMpAnagarI cheDI, vardhamAna chammAnI. mahinAnA upavAsanAM pAraNAM karyA . gAma gayA. e gAmanI bhAgoLe dhyAnastha thayA. eka govALa pitAnA baLadane vardhamAna AgaLa UbhA rAkhI, gAmamAM gaye. gozAlakanI sAthe gAme gAma pharatA e caMpAnagara baLado carate carate dUra nIkaLI gaye, govALa pAcho pharyo. pahoMcyA ne trIjA cAturmAsa tyAM gALyA. A gALAmAM emanAM baLada na dITha vardhamAnane prazna karyo, javAba na maLe eTale dhyAna ne tapazcaryA lAMbAM cAlyAM, be mAsanA upavAsa karyA : cIDhAI vRkSanI be DALIo toDI vardhamAnanA kAnamAM besI Ama zramaNa vardhamAna sthaLe sthaLe pharatAja rahyA. dhyAnane tapa dIdhI. asahya pIDA veThatAM vardhamAne paryaTana cAlu rAkhyuM. AcaratAja rahyA. emanI yAtrAnA chaThThA varSe gozAlaka emanAthI chanmAnIthI vardhamAna madhyamA pAvA gayA. tyAM khaDaka nAmanA chUTTA paDayA cha mahinAmAM ja pAchA vaLyA paraMtu vardhamAnanI vedya siddhArtha nAmanA vyApArInI madadathI pelI jhADanI DALIo dIkSAnA dazamA varSe gozAlaka pharIthI-emanAthI chUTTA thayA. bahAra kheMcI kADhIne davA lagADI, ghA rUjhAvI nAkhe. AvI ane AjIvaka saMpradAyanI sthApanA karI tenA tIrthaMkara banyA sahanazilatAnA pratApe vardhamAna mahAvIra kahevAyA. Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 411 A bAra varSamAM mahAvIre pitAnA AtmAne ujALe zikAra karI gaNadhara banyA. Ama egiyAra agiyAra AcAryo saurabhavate banAvyuM, amedha jJAna ane amaryAda daSTi prApta nI zaMkAonuM samAdhAna karI bhagavAna mahAvIre cuMmAlIse karI ajoDa vartana, sAdAi, svataMtratA, mauna, saMtoSa, satya ziSya. pAse zramaNudharma aMgIkAra karAvyuM. ne zista Adi guNe keLavyA. madhyamA pAvAthI bhagavAna mahAvIra rAjagIra gayA. tyAM yogI jIvananA teramA varSe pharatAM pharatAM jabhIyA prAcIna gaNazilA cItyamAM rahyA. pUrva relavenA navADA gAma thI gAmanI sImamAM mahAvIre mukAma karyo. rijuvolukA nadInA traNa mAIla dura AveluM e gAma atyAre gaNAyA tarIke oLakinAre vaiyAvRta yakSanA maMdiramAM samaga yA zyAmakanA kSetramAM khAya che. A sthaLe mahAvIranA agiyAra gaNadhare mukti pAmyA vAsa karyo. vaizAka suda dasama Athe prahara, uttara phAgunI, e jaina tIrtha ne yAtrAdhAma lekhAya che. keTalAka vipUla zaMgane nakSatramAM zAlavRkSa nIce, be divasanA upavAsa pachI, dhyAnastha gaNuzIlA daitya mAne che. e kALamAM magadhamAM zizunAga vaMzane thayA. tyAM mahAvIrane kevalajJAna prApta thayuM. devone duMdubhi mahArAja zreNika yA vimbIsAra rAjya karatA hatA. mahAvIranA gagaDyAM " zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra arhata, jIna kevalI, AgamananI vAta sAMbhaLI mahArAjA zreNika, celanA ne bIjI sarvajJAtA. sarvadA banyA. emane brahmajJAna thayuM. ne tyArathI rAe, abhayakumAra ne bIjI rAjakumAre sarakArI aphasaro, temaNe pitAnuM avatAra kArya AraMLyuM. kevaLajJAna prApta karyA vyApArIo. ne nAgarike emanAM vyAkhyAna sAMbhaLavA pachI, bhagavAna mahAvIre jhAMbiyA gAma pADyuM. bihAra prAntamAM AvavA lAgyAM. e pravacane vividha viSayone AvarI letAM. bihAra zarIphathI, sAta mAIla uttare AvelA, madhyacamA paDavA Ama tIrthakara mahAvIre cAra prakAra saMgha ubhe karyo. emAM yA pAvApura pahoMcyA. jaine e moTuM yAtrAdhAma che. maDA sAdhu, sAdhvI, zrAvaka ne zrAvikAno samAveza thato. rAjakumAra sena upavanamAM racA, lekane eka prahara upadeza ApyA. medhe dIkSA lIdhI. bAkInA badhA ja nimantha saMpradAya mATe emanAM jJAna ane vANInI miThAzathI, sI prabhAvita thayA. Adara karavA lAgyA. e ardha mAgadhImAM pravacana karatA. emanI sarvajJatAne - sAmAnya vyaktitvanI vAta comera prasarI gaI. - rAjagIramAM traNazIla gautyamAM cAturmAsa gALI bhagavAna mahAvIre vaizAlI tarapha prayANa karyuM. brahmakuMThamAM pitAnA tyAre mIlAcArya nAmane eka brAhmaNa yajJa karI jamAIjapAlIne tathA putrI priyadarzanane dIkSA ApI. vaizAlImAM hatA. ghaNA brAhmaNa AcAryo tyAM upasthita thayA hatA. emanA cAturmAsi gALI e vasya rAjyamAM gayA. tyAMthI uttara kezala zrI indrabhUmi gauttama potAnA pAMca AikhyA lai, e mahA- pAyA. emanAM vyAkhyAthI AkarSAI ghaNA nigraM saMpadAyamAM vIranAM pravacamAM upasthita thayA. bhagavAna mahAvIre emane nAma daI AvakAra Ape eTaluM ja nahi, paNa zaMkA raju kare te pahelAM enA dilamAM rahelI zaMkAnuM nivAraNa karyuM. pAchA pharatAM videha prAMtamAM thaI mahAvIra pharIthI rAjagIra vaLI ninya dharmanA pAyAnA siddhAnta samajAvya', pariNAme AvyA. cAturmAsa tyAM gALI caMpAnagarI gayA. tyAre siMdhu badhAja ziSyo sAthe emaNe zramaNa sampradAyanI dIkSA laI. sauviranA rAjavI rudrAyaNe mahAvIranAM darzananI IcchA pAmI lIdhI. bhagavAna mahAvIranA e prathama ziSya ne agraNI gaNadhara jaI bhagavAna mahAvIra vItAbhaya pakaNa javA nIkaLyA. ne jaina sAhityamAM e. gauttama bhagavAna : gauttata yA gottama mahArAjA rUdrAyaNane zamaNudharmanI dIkSA ApI. pAchA pharatAM svAmine nAme prasiddhathayA. bhagavAna mahAvIre videhanA vANIjaya grAmamAM cAturmAsa gALyA. tyAMthI sthaLe sthaLe pharatAM mahAvIra vArANasI pahoMcyA ne koSTaka indrabhUtinA dharma parivartanA samAcAra sArAya pAvApurI cetyanA upavanamAM rahyA. vArANasIma kADAdhipati julIpitA, mAM prasarI gayA. ekezvaravAdI, agnibhUSi indrabhUminAbhAi temanAM patnI zyAmA, tathA suradeva tathA temanAM patnI dhanyAe thAya emanA jeTalA ja vidvAna. e paNa pAMca zikhyA sAthe zramadharma svIkAryo. mahAsena upavanamAM gayA. emaNe karma nA astitva viSe bhagavAna mahAvIra sAthe carcA karI mahAvIre emane karmanA astitvanuM banArasathI bhagavAna mahAvIra kAzIrAjayanA bIjA gAma ne kamanA baMdhana' bhAna karAvyuM. agni bhU tae | badhA alanIyA gayA. tyAM mahAvIra vedAnanI sAdhu poggAlA, ziye zramaNa saMpradAya aMgIkAra karyo ne bIjA gaNadhara thayA. cukelAzataka ane emanAM patnI vilAne zramaNudharmanI dIkSA apI. amIyAmI mahAvIra rAjagIra AvI thoDo samaya tyAra pachI nava brAhmaNa vidrAna : vAyubhUti, gauttama, rA. Arya vyakta, sudharma, mahita, maurca putra, akampita, acala, brAtA, metArya, ne prabhAsa paNa mahAsena upavanamAM AvyA, rAjagIramAM mahAvIre lAgalagATa be cAturmAsa gALyA. paraMtu badhAya zrI mahAvIrathI prabhAvita thayA ne nigra 9 ane rAjA kokine nigraMtha saMpradAya pratye khuba Adara hatuM ja Jain Education Intemational

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412 have temanA pacIsa dIkarA, tera mahArANIe ne ghaNAbadhAe zapatha svIkAryAM. eka anAya rAjakumAra dakakumAre jAtismaraNa kSAna prApta karyuM hatu. e bhArata AvyA ne kainAma kahyA. sivAya temaNe zramaNa dharma aMgIkAra karyo. rAjbIra AAvI dIkSA lIdhI. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 sAthe dhacarcA karavA AvyA. tyAM emaNe tene lekSanA mahAvIra sAme durUpayoga karyAM ne sAtame divase tIyathI avasAna pAmyA. rAgIra cheDI kuttAM pharatAM mahAvIra pharI pAchA kIzAA paheoMcyA. tyAM mahArAjA zatAnikanAM vidhavA mahArANI mRgAvatIne abArikA tathA ujjayinInA mahArAnta protanI agiyAra rANIoe bhagavAna mahAvIranA hAthe dIkSA lIdhI. kauzAmbIthI e pharI pAchA vaizAlI gayA, ne tyAM cAturmAsa gALyA vaLI pAchA pharatAM pharatAM e palAzapura paheoMcyA. tyAM Avaka sapradAyanA khyAtanAma puraskartA sAlapukhta ninyane dharmano svIkAra karyo. pachI bIyarAma cAtumAMsa zALI mahAvIra rAjagIra pAchA vaLyA tyAM keTalAka pAdhdhanAthanA ziSyee emanI sAthe dharmacarcA karI ne potAnA cayana soMpradAyano tyAga karyAM. ne mahAvIranA payAma dharmano svI kAra karyAM. cAtumAsa pachI mahAvIra prALuDamAM AvelA vartuzALA caitya upayanamAM bALyA. tyAMthI punaH rAjagIra jai e gazilA caityamAM sthA. tyAM AnumAMsa kALI capAnagarI gayA. zreNikanA putra kaNaka yA ajAtazatru tyAre magadha samrATa hatA. emaNe rAjagIra cheoDI caMpAne potAnuM' pATanagara banAvyuM hatu. ca'pAthI biMde jaI mithilAmAM cAturmAsa gALyA. gALAmAM dakSiNa bhAratanA rAjA yAno sahakAra sAMpI ajAta zatrue vaizAlI para AkramaNa karyuM. mala licchavI, kAra, ne kauzalanAM aDhAra rAnyAnA saMgaThita sainyane mahAsIla zIla kaTaka ane haLamuzaLanA yuddhamAM parAjaya ApI rAjA cetakano vadha karyAM, ne vaizAlIno nAza karyo. pAthI mahAbIra mithilA gayA ne tyAM cAturmAsa gALyA. pachI zrAvastI I kAvyatya upayanamAM sthA. vastI hI mahApIra meDImAM gAma gayA.tyAMthI mithilA pAchA vaLI tyAM cAturmAMsa gALyA, pachI zrAvastImAM bhagavAna pAniAdhanA AcArya kerIkumAra bhASAna mahAvIrane cAvIsamA tIrthaMkara tarIke svIkAryAM. zrAvastIthI mIra khariya gAma gayA ne tyAMthI hastinApura pahoMcyA. tyAM e saharayA pravatamAM rahyA. tyAM hastinApuranA rAjA ziva rASie zramaNa dharma svIkAryo. cAturmAsa pUrA thayA eTIemaNe vAyasra prAMtanA pravAsa kheDayA ne kacanala nagaramAM AvI. pAupavanamAM rahyA tyAM vedavedAnta pAraMgata kAtyAyana getranA brAhmaNane ga bhAdhInA ziSya skandake temanI pAse AvI zramadharmanI rImA lIdhI. canagaDhathI zrAvanI parAvI mahAvIra pharIthI vANIjyagrAma AvyA. ne tyAM cAturmAsa gALyA. zrAvastImAM 13000000000000000000000:000sse nadinIpitAne temanAM patnI azrvinI tathA zAliRsipitA ne temanAM patnI phAlgunIe dIkSA lIdhI. Ama bhagavAna mahAvIra vividha taiyAnAM tA rahyA nidhandhadharmanA pracAra karI sakhyAbaMdha anuyAyIo prApta karyo zAneka dharmacarcA khAmAM ya, vAtmA, krama, samarcaka, pacaaDhIkAyA, syAdavAda ityAdi aneka prazno cheDayA. A badhuja jaina AgamomAM khAvarI levAmAM Avyu che. erIte nIcekara bananAM jemanAM trIsa varSa pUrAM thayAM. chellA cAturmAsa mahAvIre madhyamA pAvApurImAM gALyA. kAti mAsanA kRSNapakSanI amavAsthAe sUryadaya thatAM pahelAM vahelI prabhAta khetera varSanI vaye IMsvI sana pUrve para7nI sAlamAM, vikramAMka pahelA 427 mAM vamAM, vyAkhyAna ApatAM bhagavAna mahAvIra kALadharma pAmyA. Resi : 266638 JAIN ADARSH 80, BAZARGATE STREET, BOMBAY-J 307 hones : 263510 tyAre AjIvaka saMpradAyanA ma`khalIputra gozAlaka hulAhulA nAmanI eka kuMbhAraNane ghera padhAryA hatA. mahAvIranA ziSya tarIke emaNe tejo lekSya prApta karyu hatu e peAtAne tIrthaMkara manAvatA hatA paraMtu ekavAra mahAvIre emaNe kevala jJAna prApta nathI karyu tethI nIkara tarIke svIkAra na karyA. thI geAzAlakane apamAna lAgyu ne ziSyo sAme mahAvIra phai--------00000000000:0n'000000-000000000o

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha phona : 40 maracanTa mInaralsa mahuvA zItaLa ane svAdISTa gulakaMda-kharIdavAnuM sthaLa 942900000000000000000000000000000000000 kacchI meDIkala sTorsa mAIna onarsa enDa mInarala maracanTa kelasAITa lampasa ane pivaDaranA utpAdaka davAvAlA nAnI zAkamArakeTa sAme pAlItANA Te. na. . 269131 kasTamasa : 269133 261804 beMkanA mukAdama vera hAusIMga kalIyarIMga pheravaDaga 324566 * ! 328518 Grams : KEYBOARD phona : 263866 ghara phenaJ 355881 nezanala TrAnsaporTa ku. (. kanaiyAlAla enDa ku.), mustaphA bilDIMga, sara pI. mahetA reDa, muMbaI-1 Jain Education Intemational

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[5] keziyasa ( kuMga phutkru ) kartavyaniSThA, mahAnubhAvI adhikAra ane te prati ka byazIla zaraNAMgati, ziSTAcAra, nigraha, nizuddhi ane hiMsA prati dhRNA ane suvarNA sAmAjIka niyamaH * tamArA prati jevA vartAva anya na Ave evu' tame icchatA heA tevA vartAva khInna prati rAkhaze nahi kAndyuziyana sapradAyanA A pAyAnA siddhAMta che. A nItizAstra saikAothI cInanA AtmAne ujALI rahyuM che. saMta zikSaka ne sudhAraka kenphyuziyase peAtAnAM zANapaNa ne sadaguNathI eka evuM teA AMdolana jagAvyuM je enA nAmathI mazahUra thaI gayuM. IsvI sana pUrve chaThThA saikAmAM enu avasAna thayuM. chatAM enA kAryathI e Aje paNa jIvaMta che isvIsana 1917 cInAi soMsadamAM eka lAMbI ane rasika carcA thaI. pAMca varSa pahelAM cInAi samrATe : svaga putre rAjyasi hAsanane tyAga karyA hatA. cInamAM prajAtaMtranA zrIgaNeza maMDAyA hatA. tyAre chellAM be hajAra varSoMthI pravartI - mAna rAjyadharma kanphayuziyana saMpradAya ne tilAMjali Apa vAmAM AvI. paraMtu have enI punA sthApatA mATe darakhAsta mUkAI hatI. kenyuziyasane cInamAM izvaranA avatAra lekha vAnI paNa mAgaNI hatI. vidvAna rAjanItijJAe utkaTa bhAvanAthI A darakhAstane anumodana ApyuM chatAM e darakhAsta svIkArAi nahi chatAM ya cInAi mAnasa para e prAcIna sata dharmagurunA keTalA jabaradasta prabhAva hatA enI e pratIti karAvI gaI. cInAI prajAe aneka peDhIethI kAnphyuziyasane pUjyuM che. enA nAme aneka balidAne apAyAM che. chatAM emane Izvara tarIke kadI ce svIkAra thayA nahAtA paraMtu A darakhAsta vakhate evA svIkAra thayA tethI enu mahatva aneka ghaNuM vadhI jAya che. enA daivI tatvanI A bhAvanA kadAca ene peAtAne ja gheADIka ramujI lAgI hAta kAraNake anya prAcIna gurue enAmAM dhArmikatA ghaNI ja echI hatI. * e dhArmika manuSya naheAtA : bhAgye ja thoDIka dhArmika tithi pALatA : ane dharma aMge emaNe kazuM ja zIkhavyuM nathI ' ema paNa kahevAyuM che. atyAre e hayAta hAta tA ene ajJeyatAvAdI kahevAmAM Avata alaukika zakitaonA astitvano svIkAra karatA paratuM enI pAte jAte jhAjhI paravA karatA nahi. ' alaukika zaktionA Adara kara " e kahetA ' paraMtu emane dUra ja rAkho, ' janma pahelAM manuSya kayAMthI AvyA yA mRtyu pachI e kayAM jaze evAtAmAM emane bIlakula rasa naheAtA. paraMtu jIvana nale tyAM sudhI enA vyavahAra upayAgamAM ja e mAnatA. ' saMpUrNa sadguNI manuSya banavAnA meM prayatna karyAM che' e kahetA ' kaMTALyA vinA anyane upadeza paNa ApyA che. emaneA Aza hatA ' jevI vANI uccAre tevuM ja vana kare evA zreSTha mAnavI. ' A Adeza pAra pADavA emaNe saMpUrNa svairavihAra karyAM. AdarzavAdI sAme vyavahArI dhaMdhA dArI manuSyanu emanAmAM mizraNa hatuM. " yuga manuSya sarje che' evI kahevata che. kenphakaziyasa mATe e saMpUrNa : nisaMdeha : sAcu' che. isvI sana pUrve chaDA saikAmAM cInanI paristhita AvI hatI ke naisirgaka vedhaka zaktine vadhu tIvra banAve eTaluM ja niha paNa vyavasAyI zRMga vaza cIna upara agAu hakumata calAvatA hatA. e manuSyanI buddhine amala karavAnI tene pUratI taka Ape. dharmaguru samrAToe eka hantara varSa karatAM vadhAre samaya sudhI rAjya karyuM. isvI sana pUrve '125 mAM tene anya Avye. yuziyasa pAte paNa potAne zauga vanA vazaja gaNAve che. pachI pAMcaso varSa sudhI cInanA ne nAnA aneka bhAgalA paDatA ja gayA. IsvI sana pUrve chasso : varSa pahelAM eTale ThThI sadImAM kenphayuziyasanA yuga ugye tyAre lagabhaga pAMca cha hajAra nAnAM nAnAM rAjyeA cInamAM hatAM. IsvIsana pUrve padma-550nA ziyALAmAM kendpuziyanA janma thaye arvAcIna zAntuMga prAMtanA lu rAjyamAM. emanA pitA zuddha liyAMga rera utsAu pradezanA sarasenApati hatA. mahutvanA mAnavI lekhAtA. emane ghaNI putrIo hatI parantu kAyadesara purUSa vArasa koI naheAtA. eTale pacAstera varSanI vaye emaNe pharIthI lagna karyuM ne samaya jatAM emanI IcchA mujaba emane putra prApti thai. prAcInakALanA anya mahApuruSA peThe kanphayuziyasanA janma AsapAsa paNa ghaNI datakathAe gUMthAi gai che: emanI yuvAna mAtA caMgatsAI putra mATe ghaNI ghaNI prArthanAo karI. aneka vrata upavAsA karyAM. piraNAme ekavAra izvare emane svapnamAM darzana ApyAM. varadAna ApyuM 'tane putra thaze. e bhAre meTo sata thaze. ane zetUra vRkSanA polANamAM ucheraje.' AparathI zuddha liyAMga rera e daivavANInA suyAya atha karyAM ane peAlu'zetUranuM ' vRkSa ' nAme oLakhAtI TekarInI guphAmAM enI prasUtinI vyavasthA karI.

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha 415 bAlakanA janma vakhate rAkSasane AsarAo guphAnAM IsvI sana pUrve 517mAM lu rAjyanAM kulIna kuTuMbanA unnata pravezadvAre sthita thayAM ne sugaMdhidAra pravAhI dravya be yuvAne emanA ziSya banyA. emanI sAthe keziyase varasAvyAM. enI mAtAnA zravaNapaye saMgItanA sura relAyA. sAmrAjyanA pATanagaranI mulAkAta lIdhI. zAhI pustakAlayamAM koI agamya avAja Avyo : tArA pavitra putranA janmathI emaNe aitihAsika saMzodhana kArya cAlu rAkhyuM. rAjyadara svarga DolI uThayuM ne tethI tene saMgItanA madhura svare saMbha- bAra mAMthI saMgIta zIkhyA eTaluM ja nahi paNa prakharasaMgItapremI thAya che. bALakanA deha para ogaNapacAsa nizAno daSTi- banI gayA. saMgIte emanA para bhAre asara karI. emane gocara thayAM. "e maulika siddhAnta pragaTAvaze ne mAnavasaMdharSo saMgItamAM eTale rasa paDa saMgItano eTale badhe caTake nivAraze" evA zabdo paNa AlekhAyelA hatA. guphAnA bhUmine lAgyo ke e khAvAne svAda paNa bhUlI gayA. emane saMgItamAM talamAMthI camatkArika rIte eka jharaNuM vahevA mAMDyuM. eka sRSTinA samanavyayanI cAvI jaDI gaI emane rAjayataMtranI yunikorna " eka TIkaDI sarva AvyuM. tenA para zo hatAH yejanAmAM emaNe saMgItane mahatvanuM sthAna ApyuM. "vAritatvano putra DolatA trAunA siMhAsana para besaze paraMtu A pravAsa daramiyAna e pitAnA vikhyAta samakAlIna e siMhAsana vihoNe rAjA thaze. ' tatvajJAnI lAotsa sAthe mulAkAta thaI. cAritryamAM e emanA A badhI daMtakathAo bAjUe mUkIe to paNa keyu virodhI hatA mahattAmAM haripha hatA. cInamAM traNa dharmo pravartI ziyase cheka bAlyakALathI ja asAdhAraNa zakitao dAkhavatA mAna thayA. temAMnA ekanA e sthApaka hatA. emanA anuyAyI mAMDI e traNa varSano thayo tyAM to enA pitAnuM avasAna A tAvAdIe Aje paNa cInamAM karoDonI saMkhyAmAM thayuM. samagra kuTuMba garIbInI gartAmAM phekAI gayuM. bALakane najare paDe che pitAnA nirvAha mATe majUrI karavI paDI chatAM enuM dila A be purUSamAM bahu sAmyanI AzA rAkhavI nakAmI te vidyAbhyAsa para ja coTayuM hatuM. paMdara varSanI vaye te hatI. dilane dRSTimAM bane bIlakula nirAme hatA. lAojha eNe saMnyAsI thavAno nirNaya laI lIdhe. svapnazIla, AdarzavAdI ne gUDhavAdI hatA. sarvezvara zaktimAM ogaNIsame varSe lagna thayAM. ene eka putrI ne be bhakitabhAvathI pUrNa zraddhA dharAvate. satyanA saMzodhana mATe putrIo thayAM saMsAramAM enuM citta lAgyuM nahi enA dilamAM haiyAnI tamAma ehika vAsanAone tyAga kara joIe ne be prakAranI mahatvAkAMkSAone vikAsa sAdhavA mAMDaze. gya mArga tAonI cetanA dilamAM jAgavI joIe; AtmA vidvAna thavuM eTaluM ja nahiM paNa zANA rAjavI thavuM. lagna ne gUDhamAM gUDha tatvane bheTI enuM rahasya pAmavuM joIe pachI turataja ene bhaMDArInI sarakArI nokarI maLI. pachI upa ema e mAnatA. kanphayuziyasa vyavahArU, dhaMdhAdArI, ne vanenAM rakSaka ane prANIonA pAlaka tarIke baDhatI maLI. hika mAnasa dharAvatA purUSa hato. vyaktigata IzvaramAM kadIye zraddhA dharAvato nahi. haMmezAM svarganI vAta karatA. bAhyAcAra bAvIsamAM varSe eNe zikSaka tarIkenI kAudano AraMbha mAM vyavasthita saTTAcAra keLavAya evAM bAhya katavyamAM mAnatA karyo. emaNe eka zikSaNa saMsthA sthApI. saccAritra ne surA AdhyAtmika saMpUNatA mATe AdhyAtmika saMpUrNatA mATe eja yogya vAhana che ema jayane siddhAntane pracAra karavA mAMDa. emanA ziSya mAnatA konyuziyasa lAje para gherI chApa pADI zakayA badhA ja yuvAna hatA. zrImaMta ziSya pAse e haka letA nahi chatAM tAovAdanA e pitAnI kophyuziyasa para uDI paraMtu garIbAInA kAraNe koIne paNa praveza na maLe evI chApa paDI hatI. banatuM nahi. zita ne umaMga ebe tattvathI e pitAnA A paryaTananA varSamAM ja kanphayuziyasa jhaLakatI ziSyanI pasaMdagI karatA. 'keIpaNa viSayanuM eka pAsuM huM kAkidInA kinAre AvI pahoMcyA hatA tyAMja lu prAMtamAM rajU karuM ane vidyAthI anya paNa pAsAM enI jAte zIkhI acAnaka kAnti vyApI gaI. enA rAjavIne bhInA paDezana na jAya e viSaya huM punaH kadI hAtha dharatA nathIe kahetA rAjyamAM bhAgI javuM paDyuM kanphayuziyara paNa emanI pAchaLa gayA. krAtIkArane sAtha Apavo emanA svamAnane pAlavatuM. emanI pratiSThA vadhatI cAlI. zikSaka tarIke ne saMcA dezavaTAnA A pravAsanI eka mazahUra vAta che ; lAka tarIke aphasara tarIke e umaMgI sudhAraka nIvaDayA jUnI rUDha thaI gayelI badIo para AkramaNa karatAM ne tene nAbuda tI girimAlAmAM potAnA aneka ziSya sAthe pasAra karatAM e bIlakula saMkoca rAkhatA nahi. vidvAna tarIke thatAM, kenphayuziyasa eka samAdhinI paDakhe paDelI zAkamasta emaNe itihAsa ne tattvajJAnanuM saMpUrNa jJAna meLavyuM. trIsa mahilAne joI khUba ja kavI gayA. enI avadazAnuM kAraNa varSanI vaye emanAmAM dRDha mAnyatAo baMdhAI cUkI. bhUtakALa jANavA temaNe potAnA eka ziSyane e mahilA pAse nAM daphatare emaNe uMDo abhyAsa karyo. tenA paripAka rUpe mokalyo. " Aja sthAne mArA zvasurane vAghe mArI nAkha / emaNe panika vatana ne rAjakArabhAranA siddhAte ghaDI kADhayA hatA. tyAra pachI vAthe mArA patine paNa Aja rathAne mArI Jain Education Intemational

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412 nAkhyA have mArA putranI paNa e ja gati thai che te mahilAe AkraMda karatAM peAtAnI vitaka kathA kahI sabhaLAvI. 'tyAre have A sthAna cheDI tuM dUra kema bhAgI jatI nathI' * tene pUchavAmAM AvyuM. 'kAraNake ahIM sarakArI trAsa nathI. ' konphyuziyase enA parathI sAra tAravye ' yAda rAkheA, bAlaka ! emaNe peAtAnA ziSyAne anurodha karyAM, ' damanakArI sarakAra eka vAdha karatAM paNa vadhAre bhayaMkarane bhayajanaka che.' eka uMcI ghaNAM varSo sudhI keyuziyasane sarakArI nokarI maLI nahiM. tsImAM e jhAjosamaya rokAi zakyA nahi. pratiSThAvALA parantu halakI pAyarInA AdamInu kevI rIte gaurava karavuM enI tyAMnA rAjakumArane gatAgama paDI nahiM emaNe kenphyuziyasane varSAsana AMdhI ApavA jaNAvyuM. parantu potAnI sevA svIkAravAmAM na Ave ane potAnI salADa mAMnavAmAM na Ave tyAM sudhI puraskAra svIkAravA e saMtapuruSe sAva inkAra karI dIdhA. emaNe keTalAka samaya pravAsamAM ja gALyA. jyAM gayA tyAM emaNe sadAcAranA siddhAntA ne kalyANa rAjyanA amalano ja upadeza ApyA. eTalu ja nahi paNa emaNe UMDA abhyAsamAM pAtAnu dila parAvyuM. ziSyAnAM ToLe ToLAM ' phuga phuDsene ' ne sAMbhaLavA ubharAtAM ja rahyAM ne e ziSyAne e uddabodhana karatA ja rahyA. A varSo daramiyAna e peAtAnA praza'saka anuyAyIonA sAthamAM ja viharatA rahyA. emane eka eka bela e ziSyA potAnA dilamAM utAratA gayA. emanA kRtyone pUjyabhAvathI abhyAsa karatA thayA. A ziSyanA bhaktibhAvanA pratApe ja ApaNane mahAmAnava kanphyuziyasanuM ApaNane pUrNa darzana thAya che ne e satanAM suvAkayenI pUrI noMdha sAMpaDe che. konphyuziyasa uMcA hatA paMkhI pAMkhA prasArI uThe ema e hAtha uMcA karI rhaMmezAM cAlatA. emanI pIDa kAMcabAnI hatI. e sItA hArI hatA. khAvApIvAmAM khAsa kALajI rAkhatA. sArA kheArAka emane khUba pasada hatA. parantu khAtI vakhate e vArtAlApa karatA nahi. vanamAM e pRSTha ja cAkkasane vivekI hatA. pratyeka AcAra vicAra cIvaTathI pALatA. parantu emanA prati Do prema jAge evu emanuM cAriyamya nahAtu. e DaMDAne upara chalA hatA. aupacArika hAvAthI badhAMne dUra bhAsatAM. dUrathI pUjyabhAva pragaTAvatA. AdarapUrNa niSThA jagAvatA. nemanA eka eka bAla zANapaNanA mukataka tarIke saMdharI rAkhavA dila thatu. paraMtu emanA nikaTanA paricayamAM AvavA bhAye ja koI hAma dharatu. emane mitra kahevAnI bhAgyeja tamannA rAkhatuM emanAmAM mAnava sulabha kSatio paNa hatIja. emanA ziSyA e vAta sArI rIte jANatA : meghagarjanA sAMbhaLatA emanI vadanacaryA eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 palaTAi jatI. rAtrie e tvarAthI vastra paridhAna karI letA. parantu zANapaNathI ATalI unnata kakSAe pahoMceluMne sadAcArathI raMgAyeluM cAritrya paNa sAmAnya manuSyanA starathI alaga rahI zakatu nahi evI cAlu' chApa ApatuM. parantu kaseATIe caDhAvatAM kenphyuziyase prApta karelA sadaguNNAne jJAna vyavahArU rAjanItine vijayamALa varaMtu bAvana varSanI vaye ane enA peAtAnA rAjyamAM pharIthI sarakArI nokarI karavA elAvavAmAM AvyA. yuga Tu zaherano ene rAjyapAla nImavAmAM Avye. piraNAme badhAMne kutuhula thayuM parantu dhImedhIme ene rAjyamAM sauthI uMcI nekarI ApavAmAM AvI. pachI peAtAnI virala zaktiothI ane peAtAnA be samartha ziSyenI sahAyathI teNe rAjyamAM je krAnti ANI te dezaparadeza mazahUra thai. apramANikatAne laMpeTatA mhAM satAvyAM. sanniSThA ne zraddhA manuSyanA cAritryanAM mukhya aMgA anyAM. pavitratAne vinamratA strIonA zaNagAra banyAM. lAkonI e priya pratimA banI rahyo. enAM nAmanAM gIte ghera ghera gavAvA lAgyAM. konphraziyasanA sudhArA khyAlamAM vicitra rIte avAMcIna hatA. keDalAka teA AjanA pragatizIla sAmAjIka vicAra che. e garIbone annadAna ApatA eTaluM ja nahi parantu yuvAna ane vRddhone judAjudA khArAka ApatA. mArI vyavasthita karatI vakhate e zaktizALI ane nilane judAM judAM kAma sayatA. e taiyAra mAlanI kIMmata nakkI karatA. rAjyanI Avaka vyApAra udyoganA uttejanAthe vAparatA. vAhanavyavahAra sudhAravAmAM Avyo. rastAo ne pulo sudhAravAmAM AvyA. girimALAmAM bharAMi beThelI lUTAruonI ToLIene jhera karI. amIra umarAvAnI sattA teADI pADavAmAM AvI. AmajanatAne damanamAMthI mUkti ApI. tyApanI dRSTie sarva prajAjanone sarakhAM lakhavAnuM DarAvyuM.. AvI nIti sAmAnya prajAjanomAM khUbaja leAkapriya thaI parantu vyaktio ne sattAdhIza sthApita hiteAne rASa vaheryA vinA rahI nahi. khAsa karIne to kanphayusiyasa peAtAnA sudhArAthI je koI virudhdha jAya tenA para prahAra karatAM jarA paNa sakoca pAmatA nahi. bhale pachI e game tevA camaravayane Ara bhakALa gALyA hatA e srI pradezamAMthI ene badhI heAya. kharI rIte tA je pradezamAM eNe peAtAnA dezabhAre phaTako paDayo ne enA patananI zarUAta thaI. kAyuziyase peAtAnA rAjakumArane sArvabhaumatva punaH prApta karAvavA sInA rAjakartA sAthe vATAghATo calAvI parantu pAtAnI paDozamAM eka Adaza rAjya saMgaThita thAya e sInA rAjakartAne pAlachyuM nahi. kadAca enI prA lunuM evA sudhArA mAgatI thaI jAya to te? vaLI rAjya majabUta ne Atma vizvAsu ane te

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mR saMdarbha graMtha 417 bhaviSyamAM pitAnAM paDozI rAjya u paNa lelupa draSTi eka saphaLa senAdhyakSe vAtavAtamAM kahyuM, "mArI lazkarI kuzaLatA pheMkatuM thaI jAya ne? pitAnuM rAjya paDAvI le che? keyuziyasanI tAlImane AbhArI che." rAjakumArane e vAtamAM rasa paDayo. senAdhyakSe gurUne pAchA bolAvavA vinaMtI eNe AgavA cinAI chaLakapaTa dvArA eka dhAradAra karI. navA rAjavIe pharIthI pAchA AvI lu pradezanI rAjya yojanA ghaDI kADhI. saMgIta ane nRtyamAM niSNAta evI eMzI dhUrA saMbhALI levA konphayuziyasane vinaMtI karI. lalanAonu" eka vRdane uttamottama aonI eka sArI saMkhyA eNe lunA rAjavIne upahAra tarIke mekalI. paurvAtya parantu kanphayuziyasanI vaya have sittera varSanI thaI rAjavIone haMmezAM viSayasukhathI vAravA muzkela banI jAya hatI. dezAvaranA viSAdabharyA varSoe emane jIvanabhAra vadhArI che. unA rAjavI ane enA darabArIo A hakIkatamAM mUkyuM hatuM. e lu pAchA pharyA paraMtu emaNe kaI zAMta apavAda na nIvaDyA. nRtyAMganAo sAthe vilAsa mANavAmAM kaMdarAmAM nivRttivAsa lIdhe. paraMtu rAjakIya kAryavAhInI kartavyabhAna bhUlAI gayuM. AvAM rasika ramakaDAmAM darabArIonuM dhamAlamAM e kadI paDyAM nahi. dila gUMthAyuM hoya tyAM sudhI kenphayuziyasanAM udhanane kAragata nIvaDI zakayAM nahi. emanA jIvananAM chellAM pAMca varSo emaNe lekhana ke zikSaNakAryamAM gALyAM. emanA nivAsa sthAne AvI vAsa dhIme dhIme kamane A saMtapuruSe la pradeza cheDavAne karanAra zive ne uddabodhana karatA. A gALA daramiyAna ja makkama niradhAra karyo. dhIme dhIme ne saMkecapUrvaka e saMta temaNe pitAnA eka ja maulika graMtha pragaTa karyo : cena cIMyu puruSe puna: dezavaTo svIkArI lIdhuM. pharIthI mane e rAjavInA kiMga; "vasanta ne pAnakhara " emAM basa betAlIsa varSanI kRpApAtrane sattAdhIza banAvavA kahezu Avaze evI AzAthI gAyAone samAveza karavAmAM AvyuM che. mAtRbhUmi prati e tRSAtura najara nAkhI rahyA parantu keija A graMthathI ja leke mane oLakhaze yA mane saMdeza maLe nahi, phiTakAra Apaze." kanphayusiyasa kahetA A saMta aMge ApaNuM kanphayuziyasa phakta traNa ja varSa sattA para rahyA hatAM. ne pUratI mAhitI na maLatI hoya te kadAca ApaNe emane paranta puna: potAnI mAtRbhUminAM darzana karavA mATe bIjA phITakAra ApIe kAraNake A graMthamAM te sArA narasA atitera varSa vItI javA nimAryA hatAM. A gALA daramiyAna hAsika banAvoneja TuMka sAra che. emAM kazuM ja bhAre tathya emanI tAzA vadhatI ja cAlI. e eka rAjyathI bIjA nathI chatAM cinAI vidvAno A graMthane saMpUrNa Adarza graMtha rAjyamAM pharatA ja rahyA. keI rAjavI emanA nirvAha mATe gaNe che. kaI gAmanI jAgIra ApavA icchA darzAvatA te e lAgaze ja javAba vALatA : "mArA karatAM koI vadhu gya mANasa prAcIna kALanA ghaNA cheDA mahApurUSonAM lakhANe parathI sevA badala puraskAra svIkAraze. meM rAjavIne salAha ApI bhAgye ja emanI pUrI tulanA karI zakAya ema che. eTale che. parantu emaNe ene svIkAra karavA prayAsa karyo nathI, kanphayusiyasanI mahattA 'vasaMtane pAnakhara ' parathI mulavavAnI pachI puraskAra zA kAmane ? mArI vAta emanI samajamAM nathI paraMtu yugayugAntarathI cheka vartamAnakALa sudhI emaNe utaratI nathI. mane to khAvA cokhA maLe che : pIvA pANI cIna upara je asara pADI che tethI AMkavAnI che. maLe che; suvA mATe mArA hAthanuM ozIkuM che ane hajI A vastuomAM AnaMda che. apramANikatAthI meLaveluM dhanane sattA emanA avasAna pachI basoeka varSa karatAM vadhAre gALe vItI gaye tyArapachI eka sudhAraka zahenazA samagra mane saratAM vAdaLa jevA jaNAya che. cIna uparathI kenphamuziyasanI asara bhUMsI nAkhavA AkAza AbAdI ne barabAdImAM paNa konphayusiyasa te acala pAtALa eka karyA. saMte lakhelA badhA ja graMthe bALI nAkhyA. hatA. " uttama mAne te vaLI AvAM duHkha jogavavAnAM eTaluM ja nahi paNa je graMthamAMthI e uddabodhana karatAM e hoya?' emanA ziSya ekavAra pUchyuM, gurUne bhUkhe maratAM graMthe paNa bALI nAkhyA. emanA siddhAntanuM samarthana joI ene reSane viSAda ubharI AvyA hatA. " uttama manuSyone karanAra pratyaka vidvAno vadha karyo chatAMya e niSphaLa gaye. taMgI levI paDe che." emaNe zAntithI javAba Apyo, enA pachI AvanAra samrAToe A mahAna saMta prAcIna chatAMya e uttama manuSya ja rahe che. nAne AdamI hoya te zikSakonI pratiSThA puna: sthApita karI ane e mAMthI jema ja AvA saMgamAM pitAne AtmavizvAsa gumAve che. meLavyuM. cheTe saMtane pAchA vaLavAnuM kaheNa laI saMdezavAhaka Aje samagra cInamAM vidvAne konphayuziyasa uddabodhana Avyo. je rAjavInI bedarakArIthI emane pravRtimaya jIvanane karatAM e graMthe kaMThasDa rAkhe che. karoDe sAmAnya mAnavI anta Aryo hato. enuM avasAna thayuM hatuM. emanA putrane kenphayuziyasanAM kathane uccAre che. emAthI pitAnA jIvananuM Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 nogya madana meLave che. IsvIsana 1972 sudhI cIna paraMtu koI paNa rAjavInA Azraya karatAM emanA madhaNa nI rUdIyukta rAjya ja rahyuM, enuM meTe bhAge Aja ziSyone anurAga balavattara nIvaDe traNa traNa varSanA lAMbA kAraNa che. kAraNake kophyuziyasa rUDhIcusta hatA ja, "sAvadha gALA sudhI emaNe emanI samAdhi para AMsu sAryA. pariNAme manue kadI bhUla karatA nathI" enuM e priyakathana hatuM. emanA avasAna pachI paNa emanI kIti vizvanA khUNe khUNe prasarI gaI ane Aja yugayugAntara vItyAM chatAM kAyama rahI che kophayuziyasa zANapaNa mATe bhUtakALamAM che deDAvate AtUra karoDo zrAvakene Aje paNa emanA upAdhana adhikAra prati emane saMpUrNa Adara hatuM. "nIca hIna sAMbhaLavA maLe che. thavuM sAru paNa nimakaDurAma thavuM khoTuM ' e kahetA kuTuMbanI bhAvanA upara e sarakArI siddhAnta racatAM. eka putra pitAne trANI che ne pitAnI AjJA pALavA baMdhAyelo che. tevI ja rIte prajAjane rAjAnA trANI che ane temanI AjJA mAnavA datics20000000000000000000000000000000baMdhAyelA che. bApIka adhikAra pratye Adara e vaDIlapUjAne zubhecchA pAThave che. pAyA che. saikAothI vaDIlapUja svIkAryuM che. atyAre paNa cInane e pAyAne dharma che. ena. sUryakAnta enDa kuM dharma, philasuphI yA rAjyataMtra paddhatinA sthApaka hovAno kephayuziyase kadI dAvo karyo nathI. evA dAvAne haMmezA e spaSTa rIte nakArI kADhatA "huM te kartA nathI : kevaLa pAreSaka ja chuM" e kahetA pRthvInA AraMbhakALathI je praNAlikA sthapAI cUkI che: siddha thaI che enA e puraskartA hatA. e jaththAbaMdha cAnA vepArI hAla prarvatamAna che ne hamezAM ja sthAyI rahevAnI che. ema dANApITha te haMmezA mAnatA. jyAre emanA samakAlIna lAonDe navInane bhAvanagara navIna paristhiti sarAvavA ane te aMge saMzodhana karanAranA pratinidhi hatA. chellA paccIsa varSathI vartamAna kALamAM cInamAM je saMgharSa cAlI rahyo che temAM A haripha tatva jJAnIonI asara ja najare paDe che. uttara cAyanAne pekIga Phone : 2258 cInanuM hRdaya lekhAya che. e kenphayujhiyasano vAro apanAve che : e rUDhicUsta, upalakane sarakArI che jyAre dakSiNa cIna nAnakIMgane kendra banAvI vadhAre pragatizIla banyuM che. Sole Agen Famous Brands of Tiles keyuziyasa uttara cInano vAsI hate. enA kuTuMba kuMga jAtinA vaMzajo emanA vatana kura phAunagaramAM karaDenI saMkhyAmAM najare paDe che. kura phAunagara bahAra vRcchAdita eka girizaMga che. tyAM kuMga kabarastAna che. tyAM sRSTisaudaryanA nirava ekAntamAM bhavya saru vRkSenI vIthIkA dvArA jatAM cInana A mahAna saMtane prAcIna zikSaka : sarvaguNasaMpaMpanna : savajJa che. samrATe nuM aMtima virAmasthAna AveluM che. tyAM emanA smathe emanI eka A ArasapratimA ubhI karavAmAM 8 AvI che. BRANCH 102/103 Shukrawar Peth IsvIsana pUrve 478mAM emanuM avasAna thayuM te tera 8 SHEDBAL MADHAVNAGAR varSane hatAza ne bhramanisita vRddhajane AlekamAMthI vidAya # S. C. Rly. ( Dist, Belgaun) ( Dist: sangi) lIdhI. "mane kaI ja oLakhatuM nathI" e emane vidAya ? ArtanAda hata" mane guru tarIke svIkAravA keI zANarAjavI bhAgye ja pAkaze." :000000000000000000-da9999. 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000epDha 90000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jain Education Intenational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha hArdika zubhecchA saha ena ambarISa enDa kAM rarararara rararara rararararara rararararara maniSakumAra mularAja ku dareka jAtanA sukA mevAnA chuTaka tathA jaththAbaMdha vepAra 174 dAdara galI muLajI jeThA mArakeTa muMbaI- 2 47 majIda baMdara roDa muMbaI-3 sIsTara kansarna-harIdAsa jIvarAjanI kAM sAbarakAMThA jillA sahakArI dUdha utpAdaka saMgha limITeDa 'sAbara DerI -poSTa bokasa naMbara 21, himatanagara dUdha utpAdaka ga" (1) khetI sAthe pUraka e DerI udyoga apanAvo. (6) ApanA gAmamAM dUdha utpAdaka sahakArI maMDaLInI racanA mATe " sAbara DerI" hiMmatanagarane saMparka sAdhe. (3) bhesene kRttimavIryadAnathI garbhAdhAna karAvI vadhu dUdha ApatI olAda pedA kare. (4) dareka bhesa 13 thI 1 mAsanA gALAmAM acUka viAyaya tevuM Ayojana kare. (5) vadhArAnA dUdhanuM niyamita rIte dUdha maMDaLI mAraphata vecANa karI niyamita dara paMdara divase dUdhanAM pUratAM nANAM meLavI ApanI sudharatAmAM vadhAre karo. (6) dUdhALAM Dhera hamezAM taMdurasta rahe ane dUdha utpAdana vadhe te mATenI upalabdha evI pazusAravAra, uttama lIle-sUko ghAsacAra, mizrita samatala pazuAhAra vagere ra vidhAone niyamita ane vaijJAnika rIte upayoga karo. (7) viSyanA dUdha yojanAnI madadathI jillAmAM zarU thayela "sAbara DerI" nA utpAdananA kArya mAM sahakAra ApI A pravRttine saMgIna banAve. (bAbubhAI ke. rabArI ) (bhurAbhAi eDIdAsa paTela) (gopALabhAI vI. paTela ) | menejara - ceramena vAIsa ceramena Jain Education Intemational

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420 goDAuna TelIphAna na. 23269 ceramena zrI AzAbhAI zaMkarabhAI paTela Bsc surata dUdha utpAdaka sahakArI maMDaLa lI. lAla daravAjA, unApANorADa, surata-3 tIlAla sAmAbhAi mAstara vAisa ceramena, eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 sabhAsada saMkhyA : 348 maMjura thayela zera thApaNu : 2,0,000 bharapAi thayela zera thApaNa : 1,99,920 anAmata bhaMDALa : 67,393 surata zaheranA dUdha utpAdAne sarvAMgI rIte madada rUpa thatI Adarza sahakArI saMsthA. saMsthAnu peAtAnu " dUdhadhArA" makAna Azare rU. aDhI lAkha. jenu udghATana saMta zirAmaNI pUjaya yAgIjI mahArAjanA varada haste tA. 31-1-68 nA roja thayu. prAcIna-arvAcIna sAhityane graMthastha karavAnA bhagIratha puruSArtha mATe zrI devalukane hArdika zubhecchAe Azare 75 lAkhanA aMdAjavALI eka ja sthAna para svacchatA ane suvidyAe sAthe sughaDatAthI rahI zake tevI 3000 DhAra ane 150 kuTubane eka sAthe vasAvavAnI ceAjanA mahAnagara-pAlikAnA ane dUdha utpAdakonA saceAjana thI taiyAra karavAmAM AvI hAvAthI saMsthAnA rajata jayaMti mahesva prasaMge tenu uddaghATana vidhi rAkhavAnI taiyArImAM che. jI sI vasANI cerITebala TrasTa-muMbaI Jain Education Intemational. eksa Te. naM. 26474 TelIphona naM. (ghara) 24210 7. tA. 10-10-194 khIjA phaDA : 2,94,000 vasAhata bha'DALa : 33,75,362 kAMtIlAla aMbAlAla trivedI menejara, ........0000000 amArI hArdika zubhecchA nADA enDa kuM nADA enjInIyarIMga kuAM bhagIratha enjInIyarIMga kuM| bhagIratha kansTrakazana kuTuM sIvIla enjInIyarsa enDa konTrAkaTarsa 553/6 pahele mALe pAdazAhanI pALa sAme, rIlIpha roDa, amadAvAda

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hIraDoTasa julamagAra leDemIsanuM patana thayuM hIroDaTasa pitAne prAcIna kALamAM je kavi Dasthinisa vatana pAcho vaLe paraMtu navo pakSa sattA para Avyo e paNa je vaktA te hIreDeTasa itihAsakAra. enI lenDemIsa jeTaleja e virodhI nIvaDyo eTale hIraDoTase zailImAM tejasvitA che, saraLatA che, madhuratA che. helIkAranesIsa sadA mATe cheDayuM. rakhaDapaTInuM jIvana AraMbhayuM. jema homara kaviomAM pahele ne gadyalekhakemAM tyAre e thensa mulkamazahura hatuM unnatine kendra sthAne mavaDI hato. enA mahAna graMthe eka Adarza virAjatuM vizvanuM saMskRti dhAma hatuM. hIrADITasanuM e bIju sara : yuga yugAntara sudhI preraNA Apato vatana banyuM. tyAM hIreDITasa phekalIsa ne mitra banya, rahyA. siseroe hareDITasane "itihAsane e moTo nATayakAra hato. eNe hIreDITasa upara eka ucca janmadAtA" kahyo e birUdanI yathArthatAmAM hajI keTinuM urmikAvya lakhyuM che. ethensanI yazagAthAo Ajeya koIe zaMkA karI nathI. vizvane ajavALe che. e javAjalyamAna nagara ne parikilasa ne anya mahAna samakAlina jeDe hIreDITasa paricayamAM * helIkArane sane haraDeTasa je banAvo banI gayA AvyA. hareDITasa jayAre itihAsa vAcana karate tyAre ethensa e samayanA pravAha sAthe mAnava smRtimAMthI bhUMsAI na jAya. vAsIo DolI uThatA. jAhera phaMDaphALo karI ene mahAna cIkonA ke galIonAM e camatkArI kanyAne biradAvavAnI pAristoSika paNa emaNe ApyuM hatuM. rahI na jAya. paraspara teo zA mATe raNe caDhayA e lakSyAMka olimpIka kIDA mahatyanAM enI ItihAsagAtha visarAI na jAya mATe hIraDoTase saMzodhana karyA. " jAheramAM vaMcAtI ne zrotAo jhumI uDayA paraMtu hIreDeTasa prathama yuropIya ItihAsa A zabdothI AraMbhAya che. potAnA dezavaTAne A kALa oniyanonA mejIvA samAja jagate kadI na je hoya evA e camatkArI gadyagraMtha che. mAMna gALyA. e paryaTana karateja rahyA. karaja rahyo. saseree hIraDoTasane "itihAsane janmadAtA" kahyo. jana enA graMthamAM hIroDeTasa je vAte kahe che; je varNane tAe AjasudhI ene e rIte biradAvyo. ApaNe eka DagaluM , la kare che. e pitAnA svAnubhavanuM ja pariNAma che. e prAcIna AgaLa vadhIe. ene yurapIana gadyane janmadAtA kahIe. jamAnAmAM pravAsanI keTalI muzkelIo hatI; jIdagInAM kevAM hIroDaTasa helIkAranesamAM ja. eziyA mAInaranI jokhama hatAM eno khyAla karIe chIe tyAre enA virATa niye AvelA kAriyAnagaramAM iravIsana pUrva 484 enI majA pravAse enA pariNAma jevA ja camatkArI bhAse che. janmasAla. tyAre raNarANI Ate mIsiyA helIkArane sanI uttara IjIptamAM cheka nAIla sudhI hIraDoTase mahArANI hatI. sAlemIsanA mahAna dariyAI jaMgamAM kajharagIsa dakSiNa pravAsa kheDaDadhe hate. eziyAmAM bebIlena susAne sAme eNe apUrva vIratA dAkhavI. hIraDoTasa jyAre juvAna kabaTAnA : arvAcIna IrAnanuM hamadAna ; sudhI e gaye hatuM hatuM tyAre mahArANI Ate mIsiyAne pautra lIDemIsa e kALA samudramAM pa eNe sapharo kheDI hatI. DAnayubanuM mukha nagarano jugAra hate. IrAnane mahAna zAha AtaMkajhara. joyuM hatuM. kImIyAne pravAsa karI cheka pUrvamAM kelzIjhanI sIsanuM sArvabhaumatva lIDemI te svIkAryuM hatuM. bhUmi sudhI pahoMcyo hate TApara ane siriyAnI samagra sara hada e khuMdI vanyo hato. priziyana kinAthI paNa e mAhita hIreDeTasa kAMtikArI AMdolanamAM joDAyo. IrAnanA gAra hato. netrAtyamAM cheka zIrIna sudhI eNe pravAsa karyo. ne zAhu ne lIDemI sanI dhuMsarI phagAvI devAnI emanI nema hanI lIbiyAmAM praveza karavAnuM paNa sAsa karyuM. grIsanA te svataMtra grIka nagara sthApavAnI ema pI murAda hatI. pAnayAsisa khUNe khUNA e pharI vaLyo Ipirasa thesAlI aTikA ne mahAkAvyane lekhaka hate. haraDeTasane e kAko thAya. e A pelepanIjhanAM tamAma mazahara sthAne eNe mulAkAta lIdhI kAntidaLane adhyakSa hate. lIDemIe ene pakaDyA ne tvarAthI ene vadha karyo tyAre hIreDeTasa sasa nAsI gaye. tyAM A badhA papeTanone prAthamika hetu game te hoya sAta ATha varSa rahyo. e daramiyAna e Ayenika bhASA paraMtu itihAsanI zodhamAM prathama itihAsakAranAM e paryaTane zIkhe. e bhASAmAM ja eNe potAnA itihAsa graMtha racyA hatAM ema gaNI zakAya. hareDeTasana graMthamAM enuM pariNAma Jain Education Intemational

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43 sApha jaNAi Ave che. enA para aceAtA ne bALapaNanA Aropa mUkAyA tyAre pharI ekavAra eNe TAyaranI saphara kheDI te ekake eka hakIkatanA tALA meLaLyeA. isvIsana pUrve 444 mA ethiniyane e iTalInI dakSiNe eka navuM saMsthAna vasAvyuM. vaibhavavilAsI paNa pachI bhagAra banelA sIthrIsanA sthaLe navA nagara murInI sthApanA karI sarvAM rASTronA prajAjanene murImAM vasAvavAmAM AvyA, lIsIAsa, sIrAkayusana ne hIreADoTasa paNa tyAM AvI vasyA, sIrekayusane pAsaLathI ethensanA mahAna vakatA tarIke khyAtanAma thaye| A nagaramAM hIrADeDeTasa keTalAM varSa rahyo enI mAhitI nathI paraMtu IsvIsana pUrve 432 mAM te e puna : arthensamAM sthAyI thayA. ene mahAna graMtha adhurA yA punarAvartana karyA vinAnA rahyo ne enu' avasAna thayu' : isvIsana pUrve 426 thI 415 vaccenA e samaya A tArIkhe! paNa mAtra kalpanA ja che. hIroDoTasanA prathanu ke enA potAnA e graMtha pratyenA sApha valaNunuM sApha citra prAdhyApaka gIlbarTa mare sArAMzamAM Ape che. 'hIroDoTasa itihAsanA janmadAtA jIvanabhara dezavaTo bhogavanAra manuSya dhaMdhAdArI vArtAkAra. cAraNa jevA gadyakAra mAnavAnAM parAkramA AlekhanAra, videzI sthaLanuM varNana ApanAra cukI DAIDIjha kaDakAithI kahe che ema enA dhaMdhA cAlu raMjanamAM saphaLatA meLavavA nAM hateA ananta satya saMzodhana karatAM prekSako ne rasa paDe e hakIkatane e avazyaka lekhatA jyAre e vAkavihAra karatA tyAre enI A zakti nI pratIti thatI paraMtu A vyasAya karatAM karatAye e kSA AgaLa vadhI gayA jAhera vAcana karatAM karatAM mahAna ItihAsa racI gayA. kadAca ethI paNa mahAna pradAna karatA gayA. enA graMthamAM kevaLa mAMcaka sa dhartA ja nathI. rAjakIya mahatvanA ne AdhyAtmika uMDANu nA ja prasaMgo nathI : koi paNa anya graMtha karatAM hIroDoTasanA graMthamAM mAnava pragaTa thAya che. ekaja mAnase ekaja dRSTi (antu thI vizvapratinidhitva dharAvatA mAnava ApaNane jovA maLe che. e jamAnAmAM du iyA ghaNI rasabharI hatI Ama ghaNu ja vyakitavatI hAvA chatAM eka mAnasa mAna noMdhamAM jaDI AvatuM sauthI vadhu virATa lakSI hatuM. hIrADoTasanI samagra padhdhatti khUbaja vyakita lakSI che. cAlu TIkAkAra banavAne badale athavA AnubAndvanA lokonA sAcA vadhumA prati durlakSa sevavAne badale e khUbaja hamadadI ane che. ItihAsanA tamAma cAlu prasaMgomAM naitika izvaranI pravRtti vAMcavAnA temanA valaNamAM prathama thI ja e sahabhAgI ane che. e zANA che, bhAvanA zIla che. mAnava prakRttine cAhaka che ne potAnI vAtane mahatvanI hAya evI vigatAmAM e rasa dharAve che. mAtra hakIkatA ke AMkaDAoja hAya tA eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 e tenAthI dUra rahe rahe che, e je samAjamAM bhaLe che. enA vAtAvaraNane tuMja pArakhIle che ne mAnava kitanA mahAna jAdumAM khevAI jAya che pachI e ijIptanA dharmaguruonu avyakitatvalakSI yA hetu lakSI rAjaya heAya ke ethensanA mahAMnubhAvA nu prabhAvazALI vartuLa hoya chatAM dareka samaye e zANA, sAnta nirNaya levAmAM nimamra, mAnava prakRtinI nibaLatAe, vIravyakita: vIravyaktipUjAnI uNapa ane emanI dekhItI duSTatAe prati dAkhavAnI kSamAbhAvanAthI e ajANatAM saMpUrNa khAtrI karI cUkelA che. enA graMthamAM sArI ke narasI rIte enA cAritrya te enA vyavasAya nI A chApa ja upasI Ave che. arvAcIna kAlamAM jene itihAsa kahevAmAM Aveche e prakAranA hIrADoTasanA itihAsa graMtha nathI ja. bhaugeAlika vaNanA daMtakathAo ne naitika kathAnako vividha vijJAnanAM abhyAsa gappAM ne navI vAtA badhAnA emAM zaMbhumeLo che. Ane kAraNe ene ghaNIvAra acAkakasa ne bheLA gaNavAmAM Aveche. paraMtu enI comera cUmatI vAcALatA enA vAcaka yA zrotAmAM rasa utpanna karavAnA hetu dharAve che. ethI haraDoTasa kevaLa ajJAna vahIvaMcA ke avaijJAnika itihAsa kAra che. e vidhAna siddha thatuM nathI. hIrADoTasanA bIjo graMtha IjIpta ane IjIptanA jIvananuM adbhUta ne AbehUba varNana Apeche. A graMthamAM enI virudhdha pracAra pAyelI vAta pratyenA temanA valaNanI ane temanI padhdhatti nI jhAMkhI karAve che. * atyAre sudhInAM mArAM avalAkanA; tAravaNI ane sa MzAdhana maja khelaku rahyu che. have huM sAMbhaLelI vAtA parathI ijIptanI mAhitI ApuchuM emAM mArAM avalokanonA niryuM paNa rajU karavAmAM Avaze. tamAma vaLI sAtamA graMthamAM e spaSTa ullekha kareche; me je kahyu che tenuM punarAvata na karavAnI mArI pharaja che.kazuja adhdharatAle mAnI levA huM baMdhAyele nathI. mArA pAtAnu kAma kare che e spaSTa karavAmA AvyuM che. graMthAne A vAta lAgu paDeche. TAmaranI yAtrAnI kathAmAMekevIrIte hIrADoTasa pAse eka vaijJAnika itihAsa kAranuM sAcuM dRSTi bindu ane padhdhatti cokkasa hatI ema kahI zakAya. paraMtu sAdI vAta kahevAnA mehamAM e taNAtA ne sAcI khoTI vArtAnuM e punarA-vana karyA ja karo. hIrADosamAM eka bInte doSa paNa jovA mAM AvyeAche sArA banAvA devI zaktinA prabhAve ja anyAche ema te kahe che. paraMtu e vAta yAda rAkhavI Avazyaka haiM ke enA vyavasAya sArvajanika AkarSaNu para avalaMbita hatA ane

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 423 pitAnA kAryamAM de ke rasa le che e hakIkata tyAre ThaMDI paDe e cAra mahinA e kazu ja khAte nathI. ene svIkAravAmAM AvatI te Aje paNa svIkArAya che paraMtu amuka cAra paga che chatA e bhUmicara ne jalaracara che. jamIna para amuka kAryomAM devene hAtha hatuM ke nahi e prazna khule e pitAnA IMDA mUke che te jamIna paraja te IDAne seve che. rAkhavAmAM sAvacetIthI pitAne nirNaya lIdhe evAM ghaNAM divasane moTo bhAga e sUkI jamIna para vyatita kare che lakhANa emanAM graMthamAM maLI Ave che. kajhasIsanA parAjaya paraMtu AkhI rAta e pANImAM paDI rahe che. kAraNa ke aMge hIraDeTasa lakhe che, "ekaja abhimAnI ne ApAMtra havAne jhAkaLa karatAM pANI rAtre vadhAre garama hoya che. ApaNe vyakita yuropa ne eziyAne samrATa bane e vivibhUtione cetana prANIo oLakhIe chIe e badhAmAM magara cheka ke Izvarane rucatuM na hatuM. pradhApaka mare bhArapUrvaka lakhe che. nAnAmAM nAnA kadathI meTAmAM moTuM kada prApta kare che. batakanAM AmeMDAM'nA vinAza prasaMge tyA aMgrejane Ama na tuM IMDA karatAM enAM IMDAM jarAka ja moTAM hoya che. ne jyAre lAgyuM ? manI pIchehaTha pachI kayA raziyanane Ama nahotuM baccA bahAra nIkaLe che tyAre e paNa eTaluM ja nAnuM hoya lAgyuM ! che. paraMtu jyAre e vadhavA mAMDe che e zattara yubiTa thI evI ja rIte elena ne kIsasa athavA pavitra ane - paNa vadhAre lAMbuM thAya che. enI Akhe Dukakara jevI che. enA dAMta meTA che. enA zarIranAM pramANa mAM jaDabA AgaLa sthApita rivAjono anAdara karanAranI kombIsIsanI ghelachA paDatAM che. A ekaja prANI che jene jIbha nathI. nIcenuM A nAnI vArtAnI naitika kathA AlekhatAM A bhAvanAtma jaDabuM e halAvata na pI. uparanuM jaDabuM nIce lAvI nIcenA nIti pracAra kare te tene doSa deve vyAjabI nathI. jaDabA sAthe bhIDAvatuM hoya evuM e ekaja prANI che enA dayArase hAjara hatA evA keTalAka grIkane lAvI paMjA majabUta che. enI cAmaDI khAMcAvALI che. pITha parathI pUchayuM : "tamArAM mAbApanA mRta dehane bahAra karavA keTalA ene teDavI muzkela che. pANImAM e dekhI zakatA nathI. paraMta paisA lezo? grIkoe kahyuM, kAMI paNa rakama Ape: ame e jamIna para enI daSTi khUbaja tIvra che. moTo samaya e nikArya karavA taiyAra nathI" "keleziyana' nAme oLakhAtI pANImAM rahe che eTale enA momAM juo paDe che. anya jAtinA mANasone DarAyase lAvyA e leke pitAnA vaDi- pazu pakSIo enAthI dUra bhAge che. paraMtu "ocIlasa" prati lonA mRtadehone AhAra karavA TevAyelA che. grIkenI hAjarImAM e kuNuM haiyuM dharAve che. e paMkhI dvArA ene lAbha thAya temane pUchayuM : "tamArA vaDIle mRtyu pAme che temane agni- che jayAre magara pANImAMthI pRthvI para baDAra Ave che ane dAha devA tame keTalA paisA leze?" parantu emaNe te Azcaryo potAnAM jaDabA pahoLAM kare che ne pazcima tarapha ja e dvAra kADhayAH "bApu! jarA zukanavanuM bane ' rIvAjanA pitAnA jaDabAM pahoLAM kare che tyAre drocIlasa enA moDhAmAM AvA pratyAghAta paDatA hoya che. pInDAre sAcuM ja kahyuM che. praveza kare che ne jUene 'hAra kare che magara AthI eTale 'rivAja manuSya mAtrane samrATa che.' khUza rahe che ke e TrocIlasane kadI hAni pahoMcADatuM nathI." pitAnI vArtAmAM rasa utpanna karavA hIraDoTa AvI evuM ja eka bIjuM pavitra paMkhI che, phinikasa meM vArtAo umerato ne pitAnA nirNayomane nIti ! aza enuM mAtra citra ja joyuM che. kAraNake e bahu ja virala dAkhavata parantu tethI vArtAkAranI sAdI pavitratA ke kaIka dekhA de che. pAMca varSamAM ekAda vAra e najare paDe cheH prakRttine e purA che ema na kahI zakAya. ( lIliTana leke e vAtanI sAkha pUre che. pitAnA mRtyu pachI e e vAtanI sAkha pUre che. pitAnA mRtyu pachI vArtAnA antamAM pIDAne ulalekha karavAmAM AvyuM che. e pRthvI para paga mUke che. enA citra uparathI enuM kadane pitAnA tamAma graMthomAM haraDeTasa kajionAM AvAM avataraNe mApa ka9pIe te enAM pIchAM sonerI ne rAtAM che. dekhAva DhAMke che ethI spaSTa thAya che ke eNe e jamAnAnuM samagra ne kadamAM bAjapakSI jevuM che. loko kahe che ke e arabastAnathI zrIka sAhitya vAMcI kADhayuM hatuM. e bahuta buddhizALI Ave che sUrya maMdiramAM enA pitAnA mRtadehane mATImAM lapeTI mAnavI hata: pitAnAM avalokanane AdhAra rAkhI nirNaya laI Ave che. ne tyAM ja dATe che. prathama te e pate uMcakI leto parikathAo lakhAI jAya. e hakIkata A badhuM siddha zake evI mATInI iDAkRti banAve che. pachI ene kheMcI jue che, Ama akhataro karyA pachI emAM palANa kare che. pachI e enA bIjA graMthanAM be prakaraNa hIreDeTasa kevA spaSTa polANamAM enA pitAne mUke che pachI mATI laI enuM dvAra baMdha kare che. Ama enA pitAne e iMDAkAra goLAmAM pUrI citro Apa ane pitAnuM vastu e keTaluM pramANika rIte de che. e geLAnuM vajana asala jeTaluM ja rahe che. pachI rajU karate e hakIkata spaSTa kare che. IjIptamAM AvelA sUrya maMdiramAM e gaLe uMcakI lAve che. magajane A svabhAva hoya che; vadhAre mAM vadhAre paraMtu mane A vAtamAM vajuda lAgatuM nathI." Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga-2 Abehuba varNananA A be udAharaNe che prathama ke, 2222000000000000000000000000000000etireservatiya vizvAsapAtra ne cakkasa che. hIreDeTasa e pitAnAM anubhava 8 ne jJAna parathI lakhe che. bIjA udAraNanI zailI pravAhI che ! parantu emAM zaMkAne sthAna che. vAta tarIke e sArI vAta che ? parantu hIreDeTasanA mate emAM vizvAsa mukAya evo nathI. $ Ama sAMbhaLelI vAta parathI ane itihAsa racAya che. 8 virATa ne hamadada pakaDathI hIraDoTa satya AlekhyuM che che enI vAta racanAne yaza vaye che e pahelA itihAsakAra ne gadya graMthane janmadAtA che tethI nahi parantu enA antaH zuM gata rasathALane kathananA zailI sauMdaryane e yaza AbhArI che. 8 With Best Compliments From 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000004 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 zubhecchA pAThave che A Well Wisher 000000e zrI dhIrajalAla vRjalAla mahetA (J. P.) zuM lIlIA-moTA ( ji. amarelI) 9 rarararararara varararararararararararararara rararara rararararara rararara rararararara rara0000000000000000000000000000000000000000nI 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 phena : 20971 grAma : kIkANuM jIvA kukA enDa kuM. dhI InDIyana meDIkala sTorsa 20000 2000000000000000000000 DIlarsa enDa ImporTasa Dragsa, meDIsIna, DAyajha, kemIkasa vI. 54, prInsesa sTrITa, muMbaI-2 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha praya 425 aMtaranI zubhecchAo sAthe yazavaMta sI. dAdabhAvAlA 61 nyusToka ekasaceMja epale sTrITa, pheTa muMbaI-400001 abhaya bilDarsa prAiveTa limITeDa abhaya proparTIjha prAIveTa limITeDa yazadhIra hoTalsa prAiveTa limiTeDa yazavaMta keraparezana dhI TekSaTAIla enjhavarsa limITeDa darzana thiyeTarsa prAIveTa limITeDa kenTrAkaTara DAhyAbhAI gulAbabhAI paTela P. W. D. enDa jIllA paMcAyata myunIsIpalaTI anaMta sIka InDasTrIjha vaNuM nITIMga InDasTrIjha 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 rajIsTara konTrAkaTara Class B1 che. kaNabIvADa, devIdAsa paTelanI zerI bhAvanagara ATa sIlka ane nAyalena kApaDanA menyupheksarasa 53 chIpI cAla muMbaI-2 99099090 Jain Education Interational

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[9] hAmurAkhI briTIza myujhiyamamAM eka patra che. ane putra kahevAya ke kema e prazna che. iMTanA kaDA jevo dekhAya che. pAkI lipi che. prAcIna bebIlInanI e bhASA cAra hajAra varSa pahelAM lavAyelA e patra che. bebIleAnanA mahArAjAe e putra peAtAnA eka vizvAsu sevaka para lakhyo che. mATInI iMTa para lakhAyalA che; mATInA parabIDiyAmAM e mUkelA che. upara je te aphasaranu saranAmu` che. paribaDIyAM phoDIne mATInA gaThTho che. enA para AMkA che phAcaranA AkAranI enAMkhI devAmAM AvatA para`tu keTalAkamAM hajI e parakhIDiyAMnA TukaDA akSare ne vaLagI rahelA jaNAya che. ravAnA karatA pahelAM kAgaLa ne parabIDiyu bhaTTImA pakavavAmAM AvatA. parabIDiyuM kAgaLane coMTI na jAya te mATe tenA para sukI retI bhabharAvavAmAM AvatI. hAmurAkhI ebIleAnane mahArAjA. pahelu je rAjakuTuMba ekhIleAnanI gAMdI para AvyuM tene chaThTho vazaja. sAmuAlama pahelA sthApaka. pachI AvyA sumulAyalama, jhakhama, apilasina, sinamukhAliTa, sinamubAlinA pitA, e vaMzanA chellA rAjA zamazuditAnA A badhAnI ghaNI ochI mAhitI ApaNane maLe che. paraMtu e badhA hatA samiti. emAMthI AvyAM yahUdIe ne A meseApoTemiyAnA mayadAnanA madhya pradeza mAM emanu rAjaya rAjayakAla isvIsana pUrve 2000 nI sAla, A pradezamAM A loko AvyA tyAre tyAM AdivAsIo hatA. ArabhamAM te tee AdivAsIemAM bhaLI gayA. AdivAsI ee emane makAno bAMdhavA dIdhAM epIleAna emAMnuM mukhya zahera. emanI dakSiNe sumeriyanane vAsa hateA. e loko vadhAre saMskArI hatA. rAjayanA pATanagaromAM rahetA. emAM mukhya hatAM lArasA, Iheca, Isina, Iridu, ne AibalamAM ullekha che te cAlDiMjhanu ura. bebIlonanA Aju bALu ne pradeza akakaDa kahevAtA akakaDa ne sumerAnI bhUmi vacce hariphAi jAmI. hAmurAkhI gAdI para Avyo tyAre akaDanuM lArasAnA mahArAjA rimasina sAthe yudhdha cAlu hatu. lAMbA saMgharSa pachI hAmurAkhIne vijaya thayA. rimasina keda pakaDAyA. lArasAnu svAta Mtrya vilIna thayuM Jain Education Intemational hAsurAkhIe sina iDinnAma para lakhelA patranI sArI evI saMkhyA che. darekamAM spaSTa akSare koine koi Adeza Apa vAmAM Avele che. keAImAM e damAnama naherane cAlu mahinAnA ta pahelA sA karI nAkhavAne Adeza che. keImAM AjJA pAlana na karanAra ADa asaronI dharapakaDa karI hAmurANI pAse bebIleAna mekalI ApavAne hUkama che. koImAM avelu Tumumue avela ili viruddha dhAnyanI cArInI tapAsa karavAnI AjJA che. koimAM suDatAlIsa bharavADone peAtAnA prANIonI vigata ApavA ebIleAna pahoMcADavA lakhelu che. koimAM pratiadhita vistAramAM mAchalA pakaDavA badala keTalAka mAchImArone aTakAvavAnA prabadha karavAnA che. koimAM kheDUte jacInadArane jamInanuM bhADu' na Apelu hAvAthI saMgha jAmyA che. tenI tapAsa karavAnI che. koi maheAtsavanA divase keTalAka gulAme pUrA pADavAnI koimAM AjJA che. keTalAkamAM samayasara kAma patAvavA vadhAre una kAtaranArane rokavAnA hUkama che. koImAM koi vyaktine nokarImAMthI chUTA karI anyane tene sthAne nimaNU Mka karatA Adeza che. ' AthI cokakasa sAla ApaNe noMdhIzakayA nathI hAmurAbI isvIsana pUrve 2000 mAM thai gayA evu manAya che. paraMtu pramANabhUta hakIkato e seMkaDo varSa agAu thai thayA ema 'mArA hUkama pramANe inubI mAraDukane bebIlAna kema mekalI ApavAmAM AvyA nathI. ' hAmurAkhI javAba mAge che. A patra maLatAM turata ene upaDavA khabara Apo rAtri divasa pravAsa kheDe. ahIM samayasara pahoMcI javA joie. yupheTIsane kInAro ane temAMthI kADhavAmAM AvelI naheronI che. A badhA parathI ema tAravI takAya ke hAmurAkhI e isvIsana pUrve 1790 thI 1750 vacce rAjaya karyuM haze game tema paNa ghaNA samaya pahelAM e vAta nakakI. chatAM enA rAjayanA ThIka ThIka daratAvejI purAvA prApta thayA che. cArasAone zilA lekhA huye sAcavI rAkhavAmAM AvyA che. hAsurAkhI e emanA eka vizvAsa aphArane lakhelA patrAno samUha adyApi briTIza myujhiyamamAM mAtruda che. vividha viSaya paranAM e lakhANA che. keTalIka vAra tIvra zabdomAM lakhAyelAM che, tana sApha vAMcI zakAya che. sarakArI kAravAI mATe ghaNA barAmAM mahuArAjAnAM. sUcanA che. pratyeka citra eka nAnakaDI noMdhe che. keTalAka e baso traNaso varSa pachI thayA ema kahejALavaNI aMge sinaiDinAmane avAranavAra sUcanAe ApelI che. enA rAjyanA nibhAva ja A sicAikArya dvArA te hAvAthI ene sauthI vadhAre prAdhAnya ApavAmAM Avyu che. keTalAka patrAmAM devadevIonA ullekha che. khAsa karI emanI pratimA aMgenA sUcanA che. bebIleAnanA sainikoe AkramaNa karyuM hatuM. e ilemAiTa pradezanA imaTakhAlama prAntane lagatI lAtA che. A badhA uparathI evI tAravaNI karI zakAya che ke devIonI dharapakaDa karavAmAM AvI hatI, ane temane bebIleAna laI javamAM AvI hatI. vijayanA pratika tarIke. paraMtu

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 427 pAchaLathI bebIlonanA sainikane pIchehaTha karavI paDI hatI. najIka AvelA sipArAnA maMdiramAM e staMbha ubhuM karavAmAM eTale pavitra hAsurAkhI ane emanA dhAmika salAha kAree AvyuM haze. tyAM e hajAreka varSa karyo haze. pachI ilAmanA IcchA virUdhdha e devIone pArakA paradezamAM keda karelI rAjAe siperA TayuM. ne vijaya cihana tarIke e staMbhane hovAthI temane apamAna lAgyuM haze ne tethI teo roSe susA laI gaye haze. pachI susA vijayI AkramakanA raste bharAyA haze ema mAnI lIdhuM hatuM. eTale hAmurabIe temane patanane bhoga banyuM. Akramake ene bhaMgAra hAlata mAM mUkI svadeza pAchAM mekalI ApavA vyavasthA karI hatI "hAmukhI dIdhuM. hAmurAbI ne staMbha e bhaMgAranA DhagalAmAM daTAI gaye sinaIDinAmane Adeza Ape che. pahelA patramAM ullekha che, cAlu sadInA AraMbhamAM phrenca purAtatvavidA e ene khedI kADhaye juo, huM be aphasare jhikira Ilisu ne hAmurAbI bAnIne A staMbha yA "sTela" hakuTa 4 iMca uMco che ene mokalI ApuM chuM ImutabAlama pradezanI devIone te ahIM laI vyAsa be phuTa che. uparanA bhAgamAM zAmazanI pratimA sAme Avaze bebIlona pahoMcavA mATe emane maThamAM jema naukA hAmurAbIne ubhele kaMDAryo che. bebIlenanA devamaMdiromAM saraghasamAM emane laI javAya che, tema emanA pravAsanI zAmaza sUryadeva manAya che. svargamAM e nyAyadevatA che pRthvI para vyavasthA karaze. enAM doraDAM kheMcavA khAsa mANase reko zAmaza potAnA siMhAsana para virAje batAvyuM che para vaLI e salAmata bebIlana pahoMce mATe salAmatI daLa sAthe mastaka para ziMgaDAvALuM zira RANa che. devI zakitanuM e pratika rAkhavA vyavasthA karaze. mArgamAM vilaMba na thAya enI kALajI che emanA skaMdha parathI agninI javALAo phuTe che. hAmurAbI rAkhaje. bebIlena jhaDapathI devIe pahoMcI jAya e pUro e lA jhabhbho paheryo che. jamaNe hAtha khulle rAkhI pUjya prabaMdha karaje." sinaIDimAne Adezane pUre amala karyo. bhAvanA svAMgamAM te hAtha uMce karI ubhA che Izvara pAsethI pachI bIjA patramAM iDimAnane rAmurAbIne bIjo Adeza e kAnana pAmatA evuM kahevAya che. A khAsa saMbhavita maLe.' senApati IhasamAranI TukaDIne suprata karavA lAgatuM nathI. kAraNake ketarakAmamAM rAjA pite kAnane ghaDatA vyavasthA karaje. emanA sainika devIo ne salAmatI pUrvaka e ullekha che. A vAta paNa sarjAze sAcI nathI. hAmurAbI bebIlena pahoMcADaze. AthI ema kalpI zakAya ke e devIo e te kAnane vyavasthita rIte graMthastha karyo. maulika ghaDanAra ne emanA Imuta bAlamanA maMdiromAM pAchI pahoMcADavAmAM AvI e hatuM e kayAMya ulekha nathI lAMbI praNAlikA dvArA hatI ane pachI sina IDimAna pAse je sainya che te laI e e kAnUna ne rivAje sthApita thaI cukelA hatA ne te parathI aDacaNa vinA zatru para AkramaNa karI zakaze, e graMthastha karavAmAM AvyA hatA. A saMgrahamAM hAmurAbInA saMkhyAbaMdha paDyo che eTaluM A kAnane staMbhanA nIcenA bhAgamAM katarelA che. ja nahi paNa bIjA ghaNuM dastAvejono paNa saMgraha karavAmAM kula 282 kAnUne che. bIjA pAMtrIsa kadAca haze. paraMtu e AveluM che. emAM kAnUnIne vyApArI kAravAIno ullekha che. staMbhanA taLiyAmAM kotarAyala haze eTale bhUMsAI gayA che. jamInane makAna kharIdyAnA ne vecyAnA dastAveja che. makAna IlemAiTa vijetA pitAnuM navuM metarakAma kADhI nAMkhyuM haze nA bhADApaTTA che. gulAmo ne majurone kAme rAkhyAnA karAra nA karAvI ne navuM ketarakAma thaI zakyuM nahi hoya. enA agrabhAge che. nANAMnI leNadeNa, bhAgIdArIne bhAgIdArI chUTI thayAnA prastAvanA che. emAM lakhyuM che. denA samrATa "anu" ane dastAveje, bAlake dattaka levAnAM lakhANe, lagnanA karAra svargane pRthvInA adhiSThAtA "bele" mane Adeza AthI manuSya chUTAcheDAnAM lakhANo vagere aneka dastAveja saMgrahelA che. AthI jAti para kRpA karI che. mazahUra rAjakumAra IzvarathI DaranAra siddha thAya che ke je prajA para mahArAja hAmIrAbInuM rAjya hAmurAbIne pRthvI para nyAya sthApavA ne nIca duSTono nAza hatuM e prajA saMskArI hatI. e paristhiti sarjavA gaNI karavAne zaktizALI maLe nirbalane pIDe nahi e prabaMdha peDhIoe phALo Apyo haze. hAmurAbInA kAnUna prabaMdhathI karavA AjJA ApI che." pachI vadhAre stuti vAkyo katarelA A hakIkata saMpUrNa rIte siddha thAya che. che. emAM homurAbIne vIra samrATa tarIke biradAvavAmAM AvyA 'hAmurAbIne kAnUna prabaMdha' kALA ArasapahANana che. zANAne cabarAka rAjavI gaNavAmAM AvyA che. jyAre taMbha para bebIlenanI prAcIna lipimAM kotaravAmAM Avele dezamAM bhAre taMtrI pravartatI hatI tyAre prajAne mAla sAmAna che. IsvIsana 1902mAMkenca purAtatva vidoe e zeAdhI pUro pADI ugArI laIe nagara rakSaka kahevAyA ghAsacAro ne kADho hato tyAre teo prAcIna irAni nagarI susAnA khaMDi. pIvAnuM pANI pUruM pADI emaNe prajAnuM rakSaNa karyuM. zatrune yeranuM khedakAma karI rahyA hatA. jyAre khodI kADhavAmAM DAranAra narasiMha zatruono kALa. nyAyadevatA ne prabhune AvyuM tyAre e staMbhanA TUkaDA thaI gayA hatA. parantu pyAre vinamra hAmurAbI, ityAdi "bebilenanA devatA mereDe pAchaLathI ene kALajIpUrvaka sAMdhavAmAM Avyo che. perIsanA jyAre mane manuSyano samrATa banAvyo ne temane mArgadarzana lapra saMgrahasthAnamAM e sauthI mUlyavAna namUno che. laMDananA ApavAnuM kAma soMpyuM tyAre ja meM kAnUna banAvyA ne dezamAM briTIza myujhiyamamAM enI suMdara nakala che. arvAcIna bagadAda nyAyapriyataMtra sthApyuM. tenA kalyANArthe meM A kAma karyA.' Jain Education Intemational

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428 pachI badhA kAnUnA varAdhavA che. khAsa vyavasthita rIte e kAnUnA geAThavelAM jaNAtA nathI. vaLI AkhA vyavasthita e paNa AlekhI zakAyA nathI. kAnanomAM keTalAMkadekhInAM gAbaDAM STigocara thAya che. devAlaya ke mahAlayamAMthI corI karanAra mATe rALano ullekha che. parantu sAmAnya nAgarikone tyAM cAhI karanAra mATe kai egavAI jaNAtI nathI. kadAca bahuja zakA rahetI hoya evA kAnUno ja A staMbha para kotarAyA hoya athavA je vadhAre Avazyaka jaNAyA hoya e kotarAyA hoya mAnava vananA ghaNA niyama prAe sAmAnya rIte svIkArI lIdhelA ekabe tene hera rIte kavara kAma karAvI sthAyI karavAnI jarUra nahiM jAi hoya e game tema hAya paNa A vyavasthita kAnUnI pratha bIlakula saMpUrNa che ne prAcIna kAnUnAnu ekamAtra pratika che A kAnUnI graMthamAM pahelI kalama che; '* eka manuSye bImanuSyane duHkha dIdhuM hoya ane tema karavA ene koI kAraNa naheAya te evA du:kha ApanAra AdamInA vadha karavAmAM Avaze. A ApaNane dekhItI rIteja kaDaka kAnUna lAgaro paraMtu eka vAta yAda rAkhavI joi e ke prAcIna kALamAM daMDa ke kedanI sajA karavAne badale mATe bhAge dehAnta daMDanI ja sajA karavAmAM AvatI Ama kAnUnI mukadamAmAM koi khATI jhubAnI AApe to teno paNa baMdha karavAmAM Avate dharaDa cArI karanArane paNa deDAMta daMDanI sajA pharamAvavAmAM AvatI. je sthaLe parAdha karyo hoya te sthaLe ja enA vadha karavAmAM Avato ne tyAMja tenA mRtahane dATI devAmAM AvatA. dhArInA mAla rAkhanAra nAsI chUTelA gulAmane ajhA mAlikane suta karavAne badale tene Azraya ApanArano vadha karavAmAM AvatA temaja Aga heAlavavA javAnA bahAne AgathI bhasmIbhUta thayelI mIlkatamAMthI bacelA mAlikane mAlakAMmAna upADI janAra ne ne eja AgamAM nAkhI devAmAM AAvatA. koI zrI papurUSanA premamAM paDI. potAnA pitanI hatyA karatA tenA davA zarIra para sarpa vITALavAmAM AvatA dAru vecanAra ne tyAM duHkhI mANuro jai caDhe to temane pakaDI * mATe ghara ke ravAnA karavAmAM na Ave te e dArU vecanArane ja mArI nAkhavAmAM Avato C keTalAka kissAomAM kasoTIe caDAvavAnI Dhabe mukatA calAvavAmAM AvatA te pirIta cI para puruSanI soDamAM bharAyela dekhAya to. bannene be bAMdhI piyegarImAM bheLA pheMkI devAmAM AvatAM. ' evA eka zilAlekha che. parantu anya puruSanI patnI pratye bIjA puruSanA kAraNe anirdeza karanAra nIkaLe to ene potAnA pati khAtara garvitra nadImAM bhUsakA mAravA paDanA e. badhI jAya te. ane nirdoSa lekhavAmAM AvatA. paraMtu te je DUbI jAya to kharekhara e parApI hatA e vAta siddha thatI : ane thayelI santane lAyaka gaNAto e tevI ja rIte koi manuSyane mUDa mAravAmAM AvI ema te eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya smitA bhAga-2 kahe to e pazcima nadImAM kudI paDatA te nakkI tene potAnA udaramAM samAvI letA tevA kahevAtA mUDa mAranAra ne tevu makAna suprata karavAmAM Avatu parantu je peAtAne koie mU mArI che ema kahenAra pavitra nImAMthI bacI bahAra nIkaLe to muDa cArane vadha karavAmAM Avato ane nImAM muDhI paDanArane mUDa mAranAra milkata suprata karavAmAM AvatI. nIvaDatA tenA pati tene chUTAcheDA ApavA hakkadAra hato paraMtu sAmAjIka sa'badhAnI vAta karIete jo keI strI vAMjhaNI ane pIyara pAchI vALatAM pahelAM e kIdheDo paherAmathI parata ane pita ti dArI dAkhave te badhuM phakta tene chUTA karavA baMdhAyelA hatA. gRhiNI jo ghara vyazcita na rahelA cheDA Apu chu" eTalA zabdoja uccAravAnA rahetA ane patnIe paherAmaNI pAchI mAgyA sivAya tenA bApane ghera pharavuM paDatu. paraMtu patnIthI kevaLa kaMTALyA hoyae kAmbusara pati patnIne chUTAcheDA ApI zakatA nahi paraMtu je jIve tyAM sudhI enu bharaNapoSaNa karavA baMdhAyalAM hatA. strIe prati humaDI dAkhavavA ghaNA kAnA vAmAM AvyA hatA. kaI strI peAtAnA prati prati atizaya dhRNA dAkhave ane kahe tuM mane rAkhavA. dAra navI to te zrI potAnI paherAmaNI pAchI meLavI potAnA pIcara pAchI vaLI zakata paraMtu eNe patinI phirayAdanuM koija kAraNa na ApeluM. hAvu eie. yuddhamAM pati keda pakaDAyA dAya ane koI strI anAya banI hoya te e bIjA puruSanuM ghara mAMDI zakatI. paraMtu je ghera pAchA vaLavuM paDatu, prathama pati mukta thAya ne ghara Ave te tenI patnIe tene AMkha sAthe AMkha'prAcIna kAnana siddha karatA kAnanA patu hatA. Ama eka vyaktie eka svataMtra AdamInI AMkha phADI nAkhI hoya to tenI AMkha paNa phADI nAkhavAmAM AvatI. inu potAnA samakakSInA dAMta toDI nAkhyo hoya to tenA paNa dAMta teDI nAkhavAmAM AvatA paraMtu ahI koi bhedabhAva kAma karI jatA IjAnA baga bananAra halakA vanA ke gulAma hAya tA tene ke tenA zeDane phkata Arthika vaLataraja ApavAmAM AAvanuM zastrakriyA ekhatrI dhadhA lekhano e aMgeno kAnana A pramANe hateA ke te kaMI tamIme e sakriyA kare ane nadI mRtyu pAme athavA gaLamAM zakriyA karatAM daDhI AMkha gumAve te zastrakriyAdI karanAMra DokaTaranA hAtha kApI nAkhavAmAM Avaze. ' graMthanA lagabhaga anta bhAgamAM AvI dhASaNA che. ' rAjamArga para koI manuSyane mAnavA sAMDha maLe ! ane zIga mA ! ene mArI nAkhe to enA kai upAya nathI.' ane cheDatI kalama joIe ' ne gulAma patAnA zeThane kahe tame mArA mAlika nathI to e mArvika gulAmanA kAna kApI nAkhavA hakakadAra che. te '

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 428 chevaTe upasaMhAra, hAmarAbI lakhe che ke A nyAyanA 4000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 siddhAnta che zakita zALI samrATa hAmurAdhIe ghaDelA che. tethI prajAne cekikasa mArgadarzana na udAra rAjyavahIvaTa prApta thaze. A staMbha upara lakhelA mArA belanuM je vyakti pAlana che. nahi kare ne mArA AdezanI avagaNanA karaze : Izvarane Dara nahi rAkhe mArA ghaDelA kAnUna radabAtala gaNaze athavA mArA belamAM pheraphAra karaze te devonA samrATa enuM teja 8 hArdika zubhecchAo karI leze : ene mugaTa reLI nAkhaze enI hatyA karaze! graMtha yojanAne 999999999999999999 ThAkarazIbhAI ema tannA muMbaI hahahahahahaha0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 rarararararara rararararara00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 grAma : "lA vaDA phena 321187 saubhAgyacaMda enDa ku. kakaka kakakakakakakakakakakakakakakakakakakarakararararara 29, bhAta bAra, muMbaI naM. 9 ATo, meMdo, sojI, rava sAkara vigerenA jaththAbaMdha vepArI bhAratanI kaIpaNa mIlane bhuso maLI zakaze. 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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430 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 mahuvA-dAThA tAlukA majUra kArIgara sahakArI maMDaLI mahuvA-ji. bhAvanagara. sthApanA tA. 22-5-54 noMdhaNI naMbara P/392 sabhya saMkhyA 61 (Ara. sI. sI. kuvAnA kAma, plAnanA makAnanuM bAMdhakAma, bIDIMga ane reDanuM kAmakAja karanAra ) na dalAla, payA naMdalAla DI. paMDayA maMtrI devarAja goviMda ke. sabhya ja mAlika malakSa, Ama ravizaMkara na. vyAsa pramukha, 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 zubhecchA pAThave che 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000008 mesarsa moDarna mIla jIna sTorsa kuAM (mazInarI hArDavera maracanTa) vIrajI zIvadAsa enDa sansa (maracanTa enDa kamizana ejanTa ) amarelI pisTa bekasa naM. 18 ADONI A% pradeza Jain Education Intemational

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[8] mojhejha olDa TesTAmenTa" mAM ghaNuM kalpanA ne daMtakathA che: tarIke jhaDapAyale paNa pAchaLathI zakitazALI thaI paDe. hakIkatanuM mALakhuM ghaNuM ja pAtaLuM che. paraMtu temAMnI eka eTale pherAoe kahyuM "tArA pitAne bAMdha bhale A phaladrapa vAta atihAsika hakIkata tarIke sidhdha thaI che. mejhejha jhAjhe jamIna mAM vase." loka priya nahote enA deSa TALI enI sidhinA guNa gAvAnI keIno phurasada nahotI. paraMtu hijharatanA bela paraMtu kALe palaTo khAdho. IjharAIlAITo navI bhUmi sukhethI mazahura che citraphalaka para citarAyA che; kASTa ne zilA para TharI ThAma thayA hatA. thoDA ja samayamAM emane vastI vadhAro ketarAyA che. majhejhe samudra sAme hAtha laMbAvyo ne AkhI kalpanA vaTAvI gayo eTale pherAo akaLAyA. eTale emanI jamIna ne milakata khAlasA karavAnA hukamo chUTayA. IjIptanI rAta pavana phUMkAze. dariyAne prabhue pAcho haThAvyo. darie sUkI jamIna banI gaye. jalataraMgAe mArga Ape. IjharAyela sarakAranA emane kedI TharAvAyA navA nagaro bAMdhavA emanI nAM saMtAna jalataraMga vacce thaI sAme pAra pahoMcI gayAM. pAse majUrI karAvavA mAMDI kasura kare te AmaraNAnta phaTakAnI A hatI mojhejhanI ati nATakIya sidhdhi, IjIplAyane ghoDe sapharamAvI paraMtu AnI dhArI asara nahi thAya ema lAgavA savAra thaI emano pIcho karI rahyA hatA e badhAja jalarAzimAM thI pherAoe dAyaNone ijharAila mAtAnI-kukhe janmatA putranI phasAI gayA, IjharAIlAITone vasAhata maLI gaI tyAM emaNe hatyA karavA pharamAvyuM. potAnuM rAjaya sthApyuM IjharAIlAITonA svAtaMtrya saMgrAmanAM tyAM eka IjharAIla keDe mejhane janma Apyo. ne asAmAnya sAhasane mAvaDI 'kharekhara roki mahAna aitihAsika vIratAthI sAmano karI ene traNa mahinA ucheryo. pachI enI vyakita ja hovI joI e. bAIbalane mAnIe te e daivI hatyAno bhaya lAgavAthI ene nAjala kinAre mokalI dIdhA mATI avatAra hate na mAnIne te e mahA mAnava hatA enA ne jhAMkharAnI nAnI : DI banAvI ene nadImAM tarate mUkI Agamana sudhI IjharAIlAITo; yahUdI enI paristhila ati che. e bAlaka yahadI nathI ema mAnI keAI ene ucheraze karaNa hatI. je hijharatamAM mejheche AgevAnI lIdhI e sarahada evI AzA rAkhI. joke beDanI prArthanA phaLI. pherAonI putrI oLaMgavAno maraNiye prayAsa hatA. cAlIsa varSo jUnuM e snAna karavA AvI hatI. eNe A naukA kaMI eNe bALakane rASTranuM samUha AMdolana hatuM mAjhejha senAdhyakSa banyA tyAre uThAvI lIdhuM e janma yahudI che e khyAla te ene turataja be peDhIo thaI cUkI hatI. A etihAsika yuge yahudIone AvI gayA paraMtu ene sAcavIne rAAthe lIdhuM enuM nAma " eve tA AkAra Ape ke Akhe itihAsa ja palaTAI gayo ' pADayuM ne eka dAyaNane ucheravA soMpI dIdho. aMdhakAra yugamAM kulapati abrAhame irAnI akhAta Ama cahero mahoro yahudIna hato. chatAM bAla mekrejha cheDI uMDe vadhu AkarSaka vadhu phalakUpa bhUmimAM jaI vasavA ucharyo: Adara mAne paNa pAmyo. zAhI mahelamAM e ucharyo niradhAra karyo Izvare ja temane jamIna batAvI. abrAhame eTale majurI karavAnuM enA kimatamAM na lakhAyuM. paraMtu yahUdI turataja IzvarI Adezano amala karyo IsavIsana pUrve 2000 ene cAbukanA trAsa nI ITo banAvatA joI ene ghA thI 1700 sudhIno e gALe bhUmadhya samudrane cheDe leTA duHkha thatuM; ene koI vAra to sukaradama para tUTI paDavAnuM inanA dariyA kinAre "kenAna" yA nIcANavALIbhUmi mAM e dila thaI AvatuM paraMtu ethI kAMI ijharAIlAITonA duHkhano pitAnAM mANane laI gayA. jamIna phalapa hatI, varasAda ane Ave ema naheAtA mejhejhanuM zakita zALI vadana yadI mAphakasara varasate. ahIM AgrAhamanA vaMzajo kulyAne phAlyA emAM AzAno saMcAra karatuM rahyuM. ghaNA varSo pachI A hijharastIoe ijharAIla saMjJA graha karI tyAM ekavAra acAnaka eka IjIptane mukadama eka IjharAIla Tale "IzvarI saMgrAma" "Izvara laDe che." abaDumana yaphrI bAlakane kuMdA mA mojela nI najare paDaze. khela vaMza ja jekaba dvArA temane A IzvarI jJAna prApta thayuM. ekadama enA para tUTI paDaze. eka ja phaTakAthI ene svadhAma Izvara emanI paDakhe che, A zradhAe ghara 'yuM thA' kenAna pADI dIdhA. mAM duSkALa paDyA. jekaba emane IjIpta dorI gayo prathama te IjIptanA zahenazAha pherAe e temane AvakAra Apyo. have megejhane chaTakavAnI boI ja bArI rahI nahi. jagA hatI. kAma karaMda mANanI jarUra hatI. jene putra najare jonAra sAlIe hatA. na jonAra paNa yahUdIne phasAvavA josapha kayArano ya tyAM jaI vasyA hatA. prathama gulAma Atura hatA. eTale meM tyAMthI nAsI chUTa. ghaNA mAIla Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asimatA-bhAga-2 no pravAsa karyo akAbAnA akhAta AgaLa miDiya! bhUmi muzkelImAM cAlIzna cAlIsa varSa vItAvavAM paDyAM. megejha para pahoMce tyAM e bharavADa banyo. eka miDiyana saradAranI ativRdhdha thaI gayo. enA sAthIonI babbe peDhI marI putrIe ene pati tarIke apanAvyuM. tyAM ene prathama IzvarI paravArI. kamanasibIthI loko majhejha para roSe bharAtA parantu Adeza maLe. mejhejhe mAunTa sinAInA zaga para thayelI preraNA mujaba eka choDa e tapAsI rahyo hato. tyAM emAMthI javAlA daza Adeza' ghaDI saune zAnta pAyA. e kuTI. agnizikhAoe samagra choDane AvarI lIdhe akAbAnA akhAta dvArA AvatA yAtrALuo sAthe paraMtu choDane kazI ja AMca na AvI. jota jalatI ja megejhanA vRdhdha svasurane enAM patnI paNa temane dezamAM AvI tyAM mejhejhane kAne avAja Avya; agrinI javAlA vacce maLyAM, neIjharAilIonA nasIbanuM pAMdaDuM pharyuM. vRdhdha je e ubhelA devadUtanuM ene darzana thayuM ijIptamAM mArAM santAne lagAma hAthamAM lIdhI. emanI salAha mujaba mejhejhe vahIvaTa nAM duHkhamaDuM joyAM che. emanA AkrandasUra sAMbhaLyA che emane vaheMcI nAkhe. varSonI mathAmaNa pachI IjharAyalIone "premItyAMthI choDAvI suMdara bhUmimAM laI javA huM Avyo chuM sva lenDa' mAtRbhUmi prApta thaI pherAo pAse jA ne mArAM santAne IjIpta bahAra laI jA paranta majhejha tyAM jaI zako nahi. enuM avasAna | majhejhe pitAnI patnI tathA vRdhdha dhasuranI rajA lIdhI thayuM. moAbanI khINamAM enI samAdhi racavAmAM AvI. IjIpta javA cAlI nIkaLyA, paraMtu IjIptamAM te kalpA tyAre mojhejhane eka sene vIsa varSa thayAM hatAM. chellI ghaDI karatAMya paristhiti vadhu kaparI hatI. pherAo IjharAyalIonA sudhI e sazakata hate; enI dRSTi paNa jarAya jhaMkhavAI vastI vadhArAthI akaLA jarUra hatuM paraMtu teo kAma karela na hotI. hatA tethI temane deza choDI javA devA taiyAra nahoto. moAbanI khINamAM IjharAyalIoe trIsa divasa emanI sahAyathI ene samrAjaya racavuM hatuM. ! emaNe IjharAyalI mejhejhane zAka pALe tyAra pachI thoDA ja divasemAM teo virUdhdha nA pratibaMdhe kaDaka karyA. jorDana nadInA kinAre AvelA pitAne vatana pahoMcI gayA. mekrejha turata ja temane netA banI gaye. samagra komamAM eka nUtana rASTra sarajAyuM Izvarane bela tyAM kAnUna hatuM, mazahUra thaye, pratibaMdhe kaDaka thayA tethI keTalAka ene dhikakAratA tyAMnI prajA izvaranAM saMtAna hatI. chatAM saradAra tarIke svIkAratA have mejhejha pherAo ne ijIpta mekrejhanuM jIvanakArya pUruM thayuM. vAsI ane duzmana lekhAvA mAMDe. emaNe vadhu dama calAvyuM 4000000000000000000000000000000000000000 IjharAyalI oe mejhejha AgaLa ghA nAkhI.' trAsa aTakAve che nahite marakI phelAze" eNe pherAone dhamakI ApI paraMtu zubhechA saha enI kazIja asara thaI nahi. IjIptanuM pANI lehI banI gayuM. tamAma mAchalAM marI gayAM. pachI deDakAM pitAnA vAsamAMthI bahAra nIkaLyAM ne badhA phelAI gayAM chatAM pherAoe IjharAyalI gulAmone mukta karavA sApha karyA pachI jU, mAkhe, tIDa Avyo, phona naM. 46 sUrya bimbane chAI dIdhuM ; tyAre mAlamita pAchaLa mUkI IjIpta choDavA IjharAyalIone pherAoe rajA ApI. have somapurA puNuzaMkara vaijanAtha IjIpta nA tamAma janmajAta zizu marI gayAM ! lejha pAsa enDa sansa ovara cakakasa vidhi karavAthI ja IjharAyelIo ja bacI gayA. ijIptamAM rokakaLa macI gaI. mejhejhane IzvarakRpAthI vijaya menaDa. thAnagaDha (gujarAta) thayA. IsvIsana pUrve 1280 nI e sAla. IjharAyalI o e gulAmIne dezaH ijIpta cheDyuM. pitAnI asala mAtRbhUmi che prati pAchA vaLyA kenAna cheDayuM tyAre emanA vaDilenI saMkhyA phAyara kale tathA sIlakA senDanI khANunA vepArI gaNI gAMDI hatI. Aje pAMca lAkhane kAle hato. paraMtu emanI pITha vaLI ke pherAoe gulAmone pAchA lAvavA hAkala karI. rAtA samudranI uttare temaNe pADava nAkhyo hato. tyAM che IjIptanA lazkare urADelI dhULanI DamarIo dekhAI. ijIptanA 8 vikretA : sapheda phAyara kale, sIlIkA senDa phAunDrI enDa lakare emane pAchA vALavA pUTha pakaDI. senDa sTona, salAkA pAvaDara, kela DasTa grega pachI te badhI itihAsanI vAta che. pherAonuM sainya che bagaTIyA bleka phAyakale. tathA phAyara brIkasa vi. samUdramAM DUbI gayuM. megejhane enA cha lAkha mANaso dara 8 pUrvanA pradezamAM utarI gayA. paraMtu tyAra pachI bhaya ne , 000000000000000000000000000000000 ka600000000000000000000000000000000000000000000eness 9900000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 433 seeeeeeeeeeTaH000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 da zubhecchA pAThave che zrI mahesANA jillA zaMkara-4 kapAsa bIja utpAdana ane vecANa karanArI sahakArI maMDaLI limiTeDa mu : mahesANA anAmata zera : 1,53,100-00 raH0000000000000H8H000000000000000000:2423 zera bhaMDoLa : 2,10,300-00 noMdhaNI naMbara : 1959 tA. 16-6-70 phena naM. : - *. mANasA-pata. pI. 2 * * DA..........4 sabhya saMkhyA : 588 anya phaDa : 1,27,3pa0-87 paTela hAthIbhAI dvArakAdAsa pramukha :00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 ophise khAdI grAmadyoga bhavana rAjamahela roDa mahesANA (u. gu.) pisTa ophisa pAse - mANasA ji. mahesANA (u. gu.) *6=30000000000000000000* vya. ka. sabhya : paTela hAthIbhAI dvArakAsa, meDanabhAI rUlasaMgajI caudharI, rAmajIbhAI savajIbhAi, gijubhAI goradhanabhAI, dayAzaMkara vizvanAtha, lAlajI gebarajI, bAbubhAI galabAjI, jIvarAmabhAI savajIbhAI, harajIvanabhAI IzvarabhAI, paTela, pRthubhAI gulAbasiMha caudharI, mathurabhAI parazotamabhAI paTela maMDaLI pAse khetIvADI khAtu-gujarAta rAjaya dvArA pramANita zaMkara-4 kapAsanuM bIjuM vecANa hAjara sTokamAM maLe che." che 0000000000000000000000000000eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ? Jain Education Intemational

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De vI Da hatA. vaDanA cAritrya " saMgItakAra hatA. 2 :tA meLavI hatI. A nA karaNa vadhAre hatI. A DevIDa - itihAsamAM thoDAM ja nAma enAthI vadhu pratibhAsaMpanna haze. kadAca bAlaka paNa DevIDane bhAvi mahattA mazahUra haze. vadhAre preraka haze. vadhAre AkarSaka haze. pAzcAtya nAM eMdhANa maLyA haze. IzvaranI preraNAthI. payagambara dharma, daMtakathA kalAne sAmAjIka itihAsamAM enA paDachaMda senyuala esesene ghera AvyA. IzvaranA mAnItA tarIke emanA paDe che. chatAM DevIDanI cokkasa vigate ApaNane elaDa ekAda chokarAne e abhiSeka karavA mAgatA hatA. jesee eka TesTAmenTa" nA cAra graMthamAMthI ja maLe che. pachI eka chokarAne raju karyA. mAtra DevIDa te vakhate hAjara nahote. paraMtu payagambare emAMthI ekeyane pasaMda karyo nahi. chevaTe vI. Azare IsvIsana pUrve 1000nI sAlamAM thaI DevIDane khetaramAMthI bolAvI maMgAvavA sUcanA ApI. gayA. juDakArane ijharAyelanA e prathama saphale mahArAjA. kAraNa ke emanA parvagAmI ne zamitra saula karaNa rIte asthira DevIDanAM dilamAM kazIja zaMkA nahotI. enAM cAritramAM hatA. alabatta emanI kutuhala saraka DevIDa sAthenuM mAnasika te agAuthI ja kaI vicitra nirNamaka zakti hatI. AgavI sagapaNa DevIDanA cAritrya ane jIvana kArakidInA mehaka kuzaLatAthI eNe pitAnA peTa para AkramaNa karanAra siMhane pAsA rajA kare che. DevIDa dvAne saMgItakAra hatA. chatA rIMchane mArI nAMkhyA hatA. gAvAne vINAM banAvavAmAM anokhI emanuM gheruM vyaktitva bIjA para UMDI chApa pADayA vinA kuzaLatA meLavI hatI. A kuzaLatA ghaNI ja jANItI thaI rahetuM nahIM. che. dhUnI rAjA saula aSTi karatAM karuNa vadhAre hatuM. e have A yuvAna saMgItakAra sAthe potAnA prema dhikkAranAM asAmAnya mAnavatA pratyeka yugamAM AkarSaNa dharAve che. keTalAMka sabaMdhano AraMbha kare che. rAjAne bhayane divAsvapnane bhAre spaSTa jaMgalI apakRtyone paNa e baMga vAvI de che. evA trAsa hoya che e zAMti meLavavA vINAvAdakane bolAve che. apakRtyo mATe DevIDane doSita TharAvavA mathIe chatAM enuM nAma cheka daivI kakSAe pahoMcI gayuM che. e nAmanA ya santa enA viNAvAdanathI enuM duHkhaochuM thAya ema Icche che. nahatAM chatAM khristI muktinAM aMkura vAvanAra jIsasa krAIsTa darabArIo DevIDanI bhalAmaNa kare che. pitAnA vINAvAdanathI nAM pUrva ja hatAM. emanI janmabhUmi kAIsTanI janmabhUmi badhAne khuza kare che. saula enA para khuza che. jesIne putranI kuzaLatA badala abhinaMdana Ape che. sahAmaNA yuvAna yudhdha hatI. emanAmAM kavi saMgItakAra ne nRtyakArano samanvaya hato. emanAM ghaNAM pado Aje paNa pracalita che. ne kalAkAra bane che evI ene mAhitI maLe che eTale ene potAne kavaca rakSaka banAve che. DevIDanI ThagArI vAcALatA AkarSaNa jamAve che. bharavADane eka mehaka chokare rAjA banI jAya che. lazkarIne have ja DevIDanA jIvanamAM kaTokaTI nI paLa Ave che. sAmAjIka vaibhavamAM rAce che. ekavaDA bAMdhAne e AdamI philIsTInane zUravIra virATa rAkSasa galIAma kaI paNa rAkSasa gelI Amane nAza kare che. madhura gAyaka banI saMgIta yahUddIne ddha yuddha nuM AvAhana Ape che. DevIDa enA pitAnA bhAvavibhora kare che. aneka mahilAone e cAhaka che. kahevAthI ene bhAI e mATe lazkarI saraMjAma laI Ave che. jonAthanane aMgata mitra che ansAlemane tArA pitA che. badhA enI kutUhala piyatA mATe Thapako Ape che. paraMtu pote tala haranAra senAdhyakSa yuriyAtane khUnI athavA duzmana jAte gelIAmane paDakAra jhIlI levA taiyAra che ema kahI rAjA saulane muktidAtA. aitihAsika mahArAjA yA chAvaNIe saulana saulane Azcarya cakita karI mUke che. IjharAyela mAM IzvaranuM chAvaNIe ne khINe khINe bhamato pazu cAraNopajIvI je te astitva che te jagata jANe e mATe huM laDIza" eNe ekale nirAzrIta DevIDa A badhAnuM mizraNa hato ne tethI ja sau hAthe siMha ne rIMchane haNyAM naheAto! sAlane enAmAM vizvAsa keInuM AkarSaNa banI rahyo che. paDe. eNe gelI AmanI sAme javA DevIDane paravAnagI ApI. eNe bhAre kavaca paheravA InkAra karI dIdhe. najIkanA yahudIonAM ItihAsamAM kaTokaTInI paLe DevIDano jharaNAmAMthI eNe pAMca suvALA patthara pasaMda karyA. DevIDe janma thayo. bethalehema gAma enuM vatana. tyAMnAM bharavADa galelamAM bheravI paheleja patthara mAryo golI AmanA kapALe jelIno e sauthI nAno putra. garIba kuTuMba, chatAM tyAre te vAge ne e gabaDI paDaye DevIDa ekadama tenI pAse doDI amIra, garIbanAM bhedabhAva ghaNu ochA hatAM. A jese ja gaye ne enI ja talavAra thI tenuM mastaka kApI nAkhyuM. zrImaMta boara vaMzajaha. kadAca enAM pUrvajo vadhAre bhayanA mAryA philIsTIne nAsI chUThayA.. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha rAjA DevIDa para khUba prasanna thayA. emaNe DevIDane vadhAre cAhato parasparane parasparanA vaMzajo vacce saMpUrNa pitAnA mahelamAM rahevA vyavasthA karI ApI. parantu rAja- ekhalAsa rahe e bannee niradhAra karyo hate eTale ja mahelanI mahilAone eNe gAtAM sAMbhaLI. mAtra jonethana ja vacce paDI zakate ne enI hatyA karavAnI rAjAnI dhUnathI DavIDane cetAvate. AthI banne mitro AgaLa * saule te hajAra mAryA : DevIDa daza hajAra " khUba khaTapaTa jAgatI. enI buddhizALI patnI mIcala paNa AthI DevIDa pratine prema ISyamAM palaTAI gaye. enA patine sahAya karatI. pathArImAM koI pratimA bakarAnA saulane DevIDa upara khUba cIDha caDhI ane e divasathI e vALane ozikA para sUvADI DevIDane bArIethI bhagADI DevIDa para najara rAkhavA lAgyuM " saulane DevIDanI lekapriya. mUkatI. tAnI IrSA AvI. enuM yauvana, enuM saudaryo, enA kuLatA keI vAra DevIDa zAhI khANAmAM hAjara rahetA nahi saulane khUMcavA lAgI. saulanA jIvanane kItine eka divasa tyAM e bethalahena pitAnA kauTumbika kAma mATe gaye che ema A bharavADane cheka TapI jaze evuM saulanA dilamAM vasI jenAthana ene bacAva karate AthI saula DevIDa ane pitAne gayuM. pariNAme DevIDa rAjA AgaLa vINA vagADI gAte hate putra jenethananI paNa hatyA karavA prerAte. banne mitronuM tyAre saule be vAra enA para rAjadaMDa pheka. chatAM DevIDe antima milana eka rAtre rAjagRhadyAnamAM thayuM hatuM. ane saMyama jALavya. saule prati DevIDa haMmezAM Adara dAkhavate. e ananta vaphAdArInA segaMda lIdhA hatA. eka bIjAne vaLagI saula ne e pitArUpa lekha. jyAre saulane A saMbaMdhamAM pUSkaLa rahyA hatA ne jhaDapathI chUTA paDyA hatA. avAstavikatA ne hatAza bhAsatI. DevIDane gRhajIvananI zI ja paDI na hotI. pitAnA vaibhavamAM ke pachI rAjasI ThAThamAM DevIDe have asAmAnya sAhaso mATe prayANa karyuM. niba eNe pitAnA kuTuMba ne sAthe rAkhyuM hoya evuM sAMbhaLyuM AgaLa pAdarI arimeleke ene ane enA sAthIone Azraya nathI. eTale ja kadAca saula mATe ene uMDe prema kadAca Ape te nAsatAM nAsatAM DevIDa gAthanA secIzanA viparIta asara karI gayo haze. kamanasiba nIvaDA haze. rAjyamAM AvI caDhayo secIza ene paraMparAgata zatru hatuM jIvanabhara DevIDamAM vaselA kalAkArane "sAmAnya" ne kaMTALo DevIDa dhelachAne TaeNga karyo ne AbAda chaTakI gaye. pachI hato. kRtajJatA ne ahama meTo bhAga bhajavate. aDulAmanI guphAmAM enA kuTuMbIjane ene AvI maLyA. jeTalI vyakitao duHkhamAM hatI e badhIye AvI maLI. keTalAka samaya e salAmata rahyo. enI sahanazIlatAthI emanI saMkhyA cArasanI thaI. e daramiyAna saule nibamAM saula maMgAthe. eka hajAra sinikenI TUkaDIne DevIDane saradAra arimeka sudhdhAM tamAma vAsIonI katala karI. have tripakSI banAvI saule ene potAnI najara samakSathI dUra karyo. "kemerA yudhdhane AraMbha thaze. DevIDa, saula ne phInIsTIna- prathama karatAM A lebhAgu bhUla kare che ? lokapriyatA gumAve che ? chevADe phIlIsTInene khurado karyo. saula DevIDanI pAchaLa paDa imAM maraNa pAme che? saule pitAnI putrI mirAba DeviDe saula ne tenA aMgarakSakone uMghatA jhaDapA. parantu phakta ne DevIDa sAthe varAvavA vacana ApyuM hatuM. pachI ene bIje saulanA jhabhbhAnI kinAra kApI emane jIvatA javA dIdhA. A paraNAvI DevIDane bIjI putrI micala varAvavA vacana ApyuM. udAratAthI rAjAnuM dila dravI uThayuM ne banne vacce kAmacalAu micala DevIDane cAhatI hatI. saule ghoSaNA karI huM micalane saMdhi thaI. DeviDa sAthe varAvIza. micala ane pitAnI jALamAM phasAvaze. philIstIne ene virodha karaze. Ama chatAMya DevIDa zAnta parantu DevIDanI kuratA have chatI thaI. jamInadAra rahyo. sau keIne ene mATe mAna thayuM. nebala DevIDanA lazkarIone kherAka pUro pADyo nahi eTale nebalanA mANasonI katala karavAnA IrAde eNe AgekUca karI. parantu saulanA putra jenAthana sAthenI gADha maitrI parantu nebalanI samayasUcaka patnI sebIgeIle ene kherAka DevIDavA jIvananuM moTAmAM moTuM sAtva na hatuM. gADhamAM gADha pANI pUrAM pADI reDo. paraMtu prabhue nebela ne teDuM saMbaMdha hate. sola sAthenA vicitra saMbaMdhane pitAnA ja putra kahyuM ne sebIgeIlane DevIDe potAnI patnI tarIke svIkArI. ansAlema pratyenA prema karatAM e caDhI jate. A ajoDa pharI ekavAra saule DevIDane trAsa AMkhe. parantu pUnaH jthI kahevatarUpI banI gaI che. ' ecIlIsane peTrokalasanI prasaMganuM punarAvartana thayuM. DevIDe zatruone uMghatA jhaDapyA snehagraMthI karatAMya A vadhAre mazahUra banI che. eresTesane paraMtu kevaLa eka bhAle ne jalapAga laI emane javA dIdhA. pAyaleDajhanA saMbaMdha karatAM ya caDiyAtI nIvaDI che. rAjya have saule saMpUrNa saMdhinI vAta karI. paraMtu kudaratI rIte ja niSTha sAhasika pramANika jenethana ane virala guNa dharAvate DevIDa potAnI rItamAM ja makakama rahyo. IjharAIvanA kAyamanA ne bharavADamAMthI rAjakumAra banelA DevIDa vacce samAnadhamI zatruo philIsTIne sAthe zA mATe maitrI karavI ! parantu enA aikya sadhAyuM hatuM jenethana DevIDane pitAnI jAta karatAM yuddha-prema ne AtmavizvAse dezabhakitane dhArmika bhAvanA para Jain Education Intemational

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yuriyA yA sivAya nI dvAnonI keTalIka galega mArA tarIke DelIe karyo to ela. 436 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 vijaya meLavyo ecIzanA mitra tarIke jhIkalegamAM thANuM chatAM DevIDanA rAjyamAM muzkelI ubhI thayAM ja karInAkhI eNe mezurAisenI katala karI. gejharAITane amAle. keTalIka enI kAmuka vRttine AbhArI hatI. emane ghaNI kAITano khurado karyo. amAlekAITe te agAu base philI- patnIo ne rakhAtI hatI. tethI ogaNatrIsa putrone keTalIka sTInone mArI nAkhI macelane emanAM cAmaDAM lagna bheTa putrIo thaI hatI. chatAMya eka vIra vaiddhAnI patnI bAthatarIke ApyAM hatAM. zebAthI e aMjAyA sivAya na rahyo. e vaiddhAnuM nAma nAma yuriyAha hITAITa bAthasebA DevIDathI garbhavatI thaI eTale saula ne philIsTane vacce atima mukAbale gIla DevIDe yuddhamAM yuriyAha marAya evI yojanA karavA pitAnA boA khAte thayo ecIze ghaNo Agraha karyo chatAM phIlI senAdhyakSa joAbane Adeza Apyo. pachI emaNe bAthasebA sTInee dagAbAja mitra tarIke DevIDa sAtha na svIkAryo. sAthe lagna karyuM paraMtu emanuM paheluM bALaka janmatA ja DevIDa jhIgalega pAcho pharyo paraMtu amalekAIToe jhIgalegane harizaraNe thayuM. payagambara nAyane sakhata virodha karyo. rAjAne saMpUrNa nAza karI nAkhyuM hatuM. reSe bharAyelA prajAjanonA emanA pApa mATe Thapako Ape. A pagalAMthI khristI patthara mArAthI DevIDa mAMDamAMDa bacyuM. pachI emanI saradArI sAmAjika nItizAstra mArga cIMdhanuM bhAvi mATe eka mahatvanuM laI emeNe kAITa para vera vALyuM emanuM nAme nizAna sarjana thayuM. DevIDa bahu ja lAgaNI pradhAna mAnavI hate. rahevA na dIdhuM. te daramiyAna saulanA lazkaramAM paNa bhaMgANa emaNe sAco prazcAtApa karyo pariNAme DevIDane bAthasebAnuM paDyuM. saulane jenemana laDatAM laDatAM marAyA. rAmAcAra laI bIju saMtAna zANAmAM zANuM rAjavI banyA. e hatA AvanArane eka jhATake pUro karI pitAne reva utAryo. paraMtu : pachI te bhAre raDAroLa thaI rahI. zatru saula ane parama priya jenAthananA vakhANa karatAM karatAM DevIDe bhAre Akanda karyuM. " parantu bIjA saMtAne muzkelI ubhI karI. emanA bIjA tAro mArA pratine prema addabhUta hatuM. koI strI paNa e putra ane pitAnI sAvakI bahena tamAra sAthe ADo vyavasneha na dAkhavI zake " enA suMdara vilApa sAhityamAM mazahara hAra karyo. tethI ghaNAM jhadhaDA ubhA thayA. ansAleme enjhona banI gayo che. nI hatyA karI. tamArano sagobhAIne DevIDane mAnIta putra ansAlemAma ghaNuM ja seDAmaNo puruSa hato. e bhAgI gaye have DevIDane senamAM juThThAvanA mahArAjA tarIke abhi- ne pitA sAme baMDa jagAvyuM ane bhAre samarthana maLyuM. peka karavAmAM Avyo. paraMtu ebanaranI saradArI nIce sIlanA Ama mAnasika saMgharSane AMtara vigrahanA bhayathI DevIDa kuMTubIjanee yudha AdaryuM. DevIDano vijaya thayo ne khUba duHkhI thaye. enA mAnItA putrane lAMbA kezakalApa eka DevIDane juhAhane IjharAyelanA mahArAjA tarIke vadhAvI levAmAM vRkSamAM gUMcavAI gaye pariNAme joAbe ene svadhAma pahocADI AvyA. paraMtu enA putra salamAnanA avasAna pachI A hIdho. zakti sthapAI paNa mArA A kahe dIdho. zAnti sthapAI paNa mahArAja AkraMda karI rahyA, "beTA saMgaThana jhAjhuM TakayuM nahi. paraMtu ene AdhyAtmika Avega ansAlema ! tAre badale Izvare mane laI lIdho hota te kevuM kAyama rahyA. pachI jANItA prasaMga jeba sAITa pAsethI sAruM thAta ! jerusalema jItI levAno hato. jerusalemane paibhava DevIDanA rAjayathI AMkI zakAya. tyAM DeviDa pavitra kamAna laI AvyA. pachI zebA nAmanA eka benjAmAIne niSphaLa baLavo ne jerUsalemamAM eka ke maMdira baMdhAvyuM. " ake' nA karyo. traNa varSa sakhata duSkALa paDyA. saule bIbIonAITanI Agamanane nRtya tsava chevadhAvI levAmAM Avyo. emAM katala karI hatI tenA pratyAghAta rUpe saulanA sAta vaMzajone vIDa sahadaya ne AkarSaka bhAga bhajavyo. enI mukhya mahArANI haNI nAkhavAmAM AvyA eka vakhatanA mitrone rakSake philIene nAzI bharyuM lekhatI kAraNa ke saulanA sainya sAthe strIne para vijaya meLavyo tyAre DevIDanA mukhamAMthI eka zAMti jALavavAnI zarate e pAchI pharI hatI, suMdara pada sarI paDayuM ! pachI DevIDe potAnI yudhdha zreNIno AraMbha karyo. prabhujI! ho vahAlA mArA ! philIsTa, sIrIana anya ne parAjaya ApavAmAM AvyuM AdhAra zilA ja tame che; jerUsalemanA maMdiramAM jatA temanA senAne lUMTI levAmAM tame ja durga mArA AvyuM. meAbane eDoma paNa khAlasA karavAmAM AvyAM. muktidAtA tame che. dareka yudhdhanA hevAla AlekhavAne badale zAhI udAratAnA prasaMge noMdhavA vadhu yogya thaze DevIDe jenethananA putra sAthe saMdhi a.mbarapaTethI AvyAH karI. enuM nAma mepIzetha. e laMgaDo hato pakSapalaTo sI keIe vadhAvyA; karanAra zimeIne kSamA karI. dudha upakAra bArajhIllAInuM aMdhakAra mAnanA rahaNa adA karyuM. pUre pUrA haThAvyA * " Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 437 garuDe caDhIne uDyAH mahAmAnava nIvaDe je Ama maMdiranI yejanAne rAjyanI pAMkhe pavananI uDyAH salAmatI selamanane soMpI DevIDe AMkha mIMcI. e zyAma maMDapane DevIDanI lAMbI kArakidI, enI cuMbakIya mAnavatA ne e zyAma jalataraMgaH vividhalakSI svabhAve ene vizvabharamAM mAnIte banAvyo che. e zyAma vAdaLAne tethI te kaIsTa ne'DevIDane putra' evuM birUda ApavAmAM saune tame ujALyA. AvyuM che. DevIDanA jIvanamAMthI kalAkArane satata preraNA maLatI rahI che. briAnTanuM bhavya citra "saula samakSa DevIDatu A pada DevIDanI rasika zailIne eka anokho namUno vINAvAdana'ne mAikala ejenuM bharavADa kizoranuM nagna che. emanAM padomAM AvAM saMkhyA baMdha udAharaNa che; saumAM zi9pa enI sAkha pUre che. DevIDanI pado racavAnI virala kumAzabharI kalpanAo bharI cheH zakti e saune TapI jAya che. jharaNuM nihALI hadaya thaDake tema thaDake AtamAH pavitratAnA sauMdarya prabhune pUjatA raho.' o prabhu ! tuja darzane thaDakAranI narahe maNA. soMdaryanI pavitratA jALavavAmAM DevIDane koI AMbI bIjA pado saMgItanAM ulAsa bharyA Izvara stavane che. zakayuM nathI. mRdaMga nAda gAje vaNA ninAda vyApa kItana sura sajAvo: bhajanonI dhUna macAveH paraMtu saulane je nAthana aMge lakhAyalA AkaMdagItamAM dharmanuM nAmonizAna nathI. raha00000000000000000000000000000000000 DevIDanI A mAnavatAne A kalAsAdhanA enI rAkSasI kamanasIbInA prasaMgee ApaNAmAM tenAM prati hamadada prere che. With Best Compliments From TELEGRAMS: "FOAM GHAR" - DevIDe vastI gaNatrIne Adeza Apyo tethI payaga- 2 mbara gADe traNamAMthI eka zikSAne pApanAM prAyazcita rUpe pasaMda karavA kahyuM. sAta varSane dukALa, traNa mahinA zatruthI nAsabhAga ke vyApaka mArAmArInAM traNa divasa DevIDe vyApaka mahAmArInAM traNa divasa pasaMda karyA paraMtu DevIDanAM balidAna nathI prajA marakIthI bacI gai. 00000000000000000000000000000000000000 ra00999999999999999999999999999999 DevIDane rAjya karatA cAlIsa varSa thayAM. have e vRddha ane azakata thayo hate. emanAM tabIbI salAhakAroe eka Jayant Industrial Home yuvAna kumArikA zodhI kADhIH ene paDakhe suvADI gADha Aligana ApavA doH ApanA zarIramAM garamI Avaze paraMtu e (H, N. SHAH.) prayoga niSphaLa gaye zunakhkhAITa abhioga suMdara hatI. chatAM che kAMI ja asara thaI nahIM. DevIDanAM putra eDanI jAhe ansA- 8 lemanA paMthe vaLavA nirNaya lIdhe. gAdI pacAvI pADavA baLavo kAM rAjagAdI para selomana Ave te mATe nAthAne bAthazebAne DevIDane vinavavA Agraha karyo. DevIDe enI vAta che13 Rupam Building, Sion Circle, Sion, ROMBAY-22 8 mAnya rAkhIne sele manane salAhane AzIrvAda ApyA. "mArA 8 divase pUrA thayA che. tuM kALajuM kaThaNa rAkhaje, ne 8. # hararara0000000000000000000000000 ka Jain Education Intenational

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836 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 With Best Compliments From J. KHUSHALDAS & Co., Machinery Millgig store merchan's Distributors or Champion Asbestos Products, JK Chambes, 77-83, Nagdevi street Post Box No. 3235, Bombay. 3. Telephone 324312 Telegram JEKHUSHAL 00000000occo 00000000-cocc000000OOCOOOOOOOOOOOOOO000ococo-cooooo................OCO Gram : MINTMONEY Phone Office : 354513/354734 Resd. : 368956 INDRAVADAN R. SHAH Residence : Flat No. 9, Meghdhanush, Forjett Hill Road. BOMBAY 36 WB Office : YAJNIK FILMS 10-A, TINWALA BUILDING, TRIBHUVAN ROAD, BOMBAY-4. BR Jain Education Intemational www.ainelibrary.org

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mRti saMdarbhagraMtha 836 Authorised Stockists of G, G. VALVES Phone : 325138 358655 Grams: "SANIP.PES" JIVRAJ & VRAJLAL AIPE FITTINGS & HARDWARE MERCHANTS 122, NAGDEVI STREET, BOMBAY-3 #000000000oCOO00000000OCOOO000990oocooooooooooeeoos00000000-000000000OCCOO 000000000 Phone Office:- 321876 Resi :- 572325 Wit'Best Compliments From R. TULSIDAS & Co. reeoveeeeeeeeeeeeeoocoo90000se9cecosecececeeceesceccoeee Well Wisher Chemicals * Minerals Sizing Materials 311, Samuel Stree! BOMBAY-3 BR. Jain Education Intemational

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| [10] salemana tihAsamAM pitA putra yamana. buTTAra u bhA che khakhaDI re 5. mahatva che. cheegaNIsa karyo tenuM daI gaI haIDenina vizvanA itihAsamAM pitA putra mazahUra rAjAo thayA uttaranI AMkI zakAya. zANapaNu, sArvajanika samRddhi ne hoya te eka ja dAkhele cheH DevIDa ne selemana. juhAra, izvarane ekadama InkAra na kare e vaibhava e sele mananA IjharAyela yA IjharAyela juThThAranA badhA ja rAjAomAM A be kIrtistaMbhe che khakhaDI gayelA paraMtu amara yahUdI AnI rAjavIonuM ghaNuM mahattva che. A banne paraspara taddana judA lAMbI kathAmAM salAmananuM rAjya vizrAtikALa tarIke aMkAyuM che ja prakAranI virala vyakitao che. ogaNIsa putromAMthI DevIDe pitAnA anugAmI tarIke sele manane kema pasaMda karyo tenuM A Adarza putranA AraMbhamAM sahaja hiMsA dekhA kaI ja kAraNa ApaNe zodhI zakatA nathI. mAtra payagambara daI gaI hatI. DevIDane chellI bimArI daramiyAna salemananA nAyane davA AdezathI bhAvi mahAna rAjA pragaTa thaze evI sAvakA bhAI oDeniye siMhAsana chinavI levA prayAsa karyo bhaviSyavANI bhAkhI hatI. hatoH jeAba ne pAdarI akhiyAthara jevA enI paDakhe rahyA hatA. paraMtu bAtharabAnI preraNAthI antima AzIrvAda sele mananI mAtA bAyarobA. e uriyAnI patnI jhIlavA bolAvyA hatAH ne antima Adeza paNa ApyA hatI tyAre ene DevIDa sAthe saMbaMdha baMdhAyo ADakhIlI rUpa hatA. solemane potAnA sAvakA bhAIne kSamA ApI. paraMtu patinI DevIDe yuddhamAM hatyA karAvI. pachI tenI vidhavAne pAte emanA pitAnA avasAna pachI anijAnI bevakUphI vadhI. para. emanuM prathama saMtAna eka aThavADiyAmAM ja avasAna bAmabA mAraphate aDonijAhe gunakhkhAITa abhiSeganA hAthanI pAmyuM. jANe banene daivI sI maLI. vaLatara tarIke bIjuM mAgaNI karI. se. mane yakSamukata javAba vALeH "ene saMtAna resalAmana jANe rAjA thavA sarjAye zANapaNane saMpa mATe rAjya paNa kema mAgI letAM nathI ?' AmAM aDenijAha ttimAM e mAnavajAtamAM zreSTha bane. paraMtuM dhArmika rIte ne pratino salemana avizvAsa vyakata thAya che. temane kAmuka vRttimAM e eTale pavitra na nIvaDe. enI hatyA karAvI. jeone avitharanuM paNa DevIDanA chelA Adeza mujaba kAsaLa kADhyuM. ziyAI jyAM sudhI je salemananI kAkidI viSe ApaNane ghaNuM ochuM salemamAM rahe tyAM sudhI ene kSamA ApavAmAM AvI paraMtu jANavAnuM maLe che. chatAM enA saguNAne enA rAjyanA bhAgI chUTelA sevako pAchaLa eNe jerusakama cheDyuM ne ene mahatvanA prasaMgo khUba ja AgaLa tarI Ave che. emaNe paNa kALa thayA. sAmrAjaya sagaThita karyuM paDozI rAjya sAthe zAnti sthApI e dvArA aneka patnIone rakhAto prApta karI. eTale videzI A pramANe virala zAntiyugane mArga mokaLo the. rItarivAjo ne videzI saMpradAyanI enA dezamAM AyAta thaI gibiyAnanA ucca pUjAsthAne yajJathIe vaibhavano AraMbha thaye. enA darabAramAM vaibhava chalakAyA. chatAM enuM zANapaNa zeNI enI vedImAM mahArAjAe hajAra balidAna ApyAM. pachInI uDayuM. emanI prajA AbAda thai. zabAnI mahArANIo rAtre sAkSAt paramezvare sele manane zamaNamAM darzana dIdhAM. emanA dezanI mulAkAta lIdhI. selamane jerUsalemamAM maMdira "mAga. mAga. mAguM te ApuM izvare varadAna ApavA baMdhAvyuM. pAchaLathI videzI patnIonI asara nIce eNe tatparatA dAkhavI. sele manane vizALa rAjya para hakumata mUrtipUjAne paNa vadhAvI. calAvavAnuM kaparuM kAma karavAnuM hatuM "mArA prajAnI bhAvanA - samaje evuM haiyuM mane Ape; mane sArA narasAne bheda selemana ane DevIDa vacce ekadama virodhAbhAsa najara ke paDe che. DevIDa yuddha mAnava hatA eTale devAlaya bAMdhavAnuM pArakhavA zakti Apa, selemane namratAthI mAgI lIdhuM. kAma emane soMpavAmAM AvyuM na hatuM, e kAma pUruM pADe lakSmI, kIrti, lAMbu jIvanaH evuM kAMI selamane na evA rAjakumAra sele mananuM ApaNane prathama darzana thAya che mANyuM tethI paramezvara vadhu prasanna thAya. eNe phakta zANapaNa jyAre DevIDanuM prathama darzana ApaNane eka bharavADanA putra ja mAgyuM ne prabhue emane zANuM te samaju dila ApyuM. tarIke thAya che. DevIDanA rAjyakALanI uthalapAthalane tAlIma pariNAme emanA je rAjA agAu kadI thaye na hete ne nanA rAjyanI salAmatI ne zAnti eka bIjo moTo vidhA bhaviSyamAM thavAne na hatA. uparAMta selemane mAgyuM na (Asa che. DevIDa kAsTanA AdaraNIya pUrvaja tarIke mazahara tuM chatAM Izvare emane baibhavane kIti paNa Ape. vadhArAmAM che; vIratAnuM e pratika che. bhAvi janatA mATe dayAne mAna- " jo tame mArA paMthe vaLaze te tame dIdhayu paNa thaze" vatAne Adarza che. sele mananI kIti emanAthI sahaja ja prabhue prasannatAthI kahyuM. rAjarAjezvaranI kathAmAM A prasaMga Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha ghaNe ja camatkArIka lekhAya che. dharmAdhi rAjavIoe paNa sainyae asala devAlayane to kyAranuM jhagharAzAyI karI raNugauravane rAjyasana mAgyAM che. solemane svapnamAMthI jAgyA dIdhuM che. e ja jerusalema gayA " prabhunI vedI AgaLa UbhA rahyA, agAuthI ghaDelI zilAone maDhI e devaLa bAMdhavAmAM balidAnane homa karyoH zAnti vaMdanA karI: sarvane mahotsava manAvyo. AvyuM. haDI ke kAnano avAja kayAMya kAne paDaye nahi. senAnA maMDhAmaNumAM vRkSe puSpane paMkhIonAM ketarakAma enA zANapaNanI turata ja kaTI thai. e eka kahera karavAmAM AvyAM. TAyara pradeza enI dhAtuo mATe vikhyAta vata rUpa banI gaI che. IjIptanA pherAonA eka jamAI hatA eTale hirAye pharIthI enI staMbha racanAmAM pitAnI hatA. be gaNikAoe eka eka bALakane janma Ape. AgavI kuzaLatA vAparI. aneka zaMgAro sajAvyA. sAta temAMnuM eka bALaka marI gayuM. pitAnuM mRta bAlaka mUkI varSe prabhunuM dhAma saMpUrNa rIte taiyAra thayuM. pachI tyAM dharmajIvatuM bAlaka badalI lIdhuM che evuM eka para bIjIe ALa vadI ANInI tenI pratiSThA karavAmAM AvI. gaMbhIra prasaMga mU.yu e phariyAda pelA pherAonA jamAI, pAse eNe nyAya ujavAyA vAdaLathI aMbarapaTa chavAI gayuM. purohitAe jhaTameLavavA selAmana para mukaradao mokalI Ape. selemane jhaTa vidhi patAvI. sele mananuM vacana dhIra gaMbhIra hatuM. eka talavAra magAvI. emaNe bAlakanA be TukaDA karI bane emanI prabhuprArthanA hadayaMgama hatI. 'o prabhu ! A sarvane strIone vaheMcI ApavA hukama karyo. bAlAkanI sAcI mAtA nuM sAkSI che; bhUla cUka kSamA karaje ! hatI te ekadama AkraDha karavA lAgI. "bAlakane mAraze nahi e gALAmAM emaNe pitAne mATe paNa eka suMdara bhale bAI e jIvatA bAlane laI jAya. bIjI bAIne kazI rAjyamahela baMdhAvyA vIsa varSa pachI salemane hIrAmane ja asara thaI nahi salemane phesalo ApeH "A phanda karanAraH karanAra gelIlImAM vIsa zahera AvyAM. chatAM hIrAmane saMtoSa thaye bAlaka para prema dAkhavanAra bAija sAcI mAtA che. ene nahi. rAjyanA sImADe meTAM moTAM nagara baMdhAvyAM. rathIo bAlaka suprata karavAmAM AvyuM. bIjI bAIne beTI phariyAda mATe ja zahera. azvapAla mATe juduM zahera. rAta samudranA mATe zikSA karavAmAM AvI. Ama gaNita para mano vijJAna kinAre Ijhiona bibaramAM hIrAmanI sahAyathI eka naukAkAne vijaya thayo. prajAjano para enA gaMbhIra pratyAghAta phale taiyAra karyo. varSamAM traNa vAra A jahAje tArazIzathI paDayA. AthI te bIjA IjIptanA zANapaNane TapI jAya evA AvA AvatAM senuM, hAthIdAMta, vAna, mariAdi laI AvatAM. phesalA selemane ApyA. temanA zANapaNanI vAta jyAM juo tyAM sonuM ja tenuM najare paDavA mAMDayuM sonAnAM jagatanA khUNe khUNe phelAI gaI ne jagatabharanA mANase ke pAtromAM ja je jalapAna karatA cAMdI to jerusalemamAM zilAne mana pAse nyAya mAgavA AvavA lAgyA. sthAne vAparI. Ama emananI traNa hajAra kahevata sAI. eka AvA bhave arabastAnamAM AvelA zabAnI maDADiktarane pAMca kAvya racAyA. vRkSa, mAchalAM ne pazue viSe rANInI raNa ne zAharalatA uzkerAI mulyavAna upahAro paNa emane sArI sujha hatI. emaNe buddhinI uDIne jema lai mahArANI zebA jerusalema AvI pahoMcyAM sele mananAM ctI pratibhA pADI haze e vAtamAM kAna kaI ja sthAna zANapaNane vaibhavanI emane khAtarI karavI hatI. emanA manane nathI. zANapaNumAM AnaMda ubharAye. jukAra ne IjharAyelanA . thI ati cho saMkhyA badhu prajAne AnaMdalAsamAM rA 6 ... ullAsa the vAto cepane kAne pahoMcI na hatI." \ raspara AdarabhAvathI sAthe salAmatI AvI. juhArane IjharAyalamAM 8. phisAda bIla ane rAjavIoe bheTa AgAdAne paraspara vinimaya karyo. kala baMdha thaI gayA. sarvatra salAmatInuM vAtAvaraNuM sthapAyuM. zabAnA caTAkedAra tejAnA zelAmanane ApavAne maLyA pratyeka vyakita pitAnA dara ne khetaramAM salAmata hatI. ' eTaluM ja nahi paNa mahArANInI maitrI prApta thaI. videzavyavahAramAM paNa temane zAnti sthApI. emanuM sAmrAjya yukreTIthI cheka ijIptanI sarahada sudhI vistaryuM. alabatta, salemana ghaNI vicitra mahilAo sAthe nehagAMTha bAMdhatA hatA. kemI ne dhArmika bhedabhAvane lemane lemananA khAsa mitra TAyaranA rAjA hIrAma hatA. sAva tilAMjali ApI hatI. anArya jAtimAMthI paNa premIDevIDanA e bhAre prazaMsaka hatA. emaNe navA rAjIne abhi- kAo emaNe pasaMda karI hatI. "sAta patnIo, rAjakumAnaMdana ApyAM. mahAna devAlaya mATe sAmagrI mokalI ApavA rAo ne traNa rakhAte: e badhAMmAM ema dila devAya taiyArI batAvI. akhaMDa maMtrInA DelakarAra thayA. hajharata pachI jatuM" dhIme dhIme e patnIonA devAne paNa pUjatA thayA. cAra ezIma varSa ne seleenanA rAjyakALanA cothA e devA mATe paNa virATa sthAnake ubhAM karyA. emanAM paNa voI sAlemane devAyatana gaurava anantakALathI pratikAtmaka pUjana arcana karavA mAMDayAM. emanA pitAnI kAmuka vRtti rahyuM che isvIsana pUrve pa87 nI sAlamAM ne bueDane kAranAM manamAM khUTeja pAMgarI hatI. Ama dhArmika, jAtIyana Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asimatA bhAga-2 kAmI ema triguNI bevaphAIthI Izvarane kopa emanA para dIrdhadaSTi na hoya tyAM prajAne vinAza thAya che; kAnUna utaryo. pALe te sukhI thAya che." DevIDanI khAtara sele mananuM rAjya TakI rahyuM. parantu A kahevatomAM virodhAbhAsa paNa najare paDe che "kaheva emanA avasAna pachI vairavaMToLane AMtaravigraha cekasa hatA. te ne "salAmananuM gIta e be graMthamAM ethI paNa emAM sAlemanA jIvana daramiyAna paNa siriyAnA rAjA beDAmA- bhAvayukata praNayagIta che utkRSTa kalapanA che. e kAvyomAM strI iTa haDAde AkramaNa karyuM. siriyAnAM lekanI agAu DevIDe saudarya ne puruSa saudaryanuM Alekhana che. katala karI hatI. pachI salemananI gAdI paDAvI levA jeNe janA karI hatI e je robeame paNa AkramaNa karyuM. paya je. tuM suMdara che. mArI sneharANI ! tArAM nayana ara AdI jAhe juhAra ne begamIna uparAMta daza jAti para gADha kezakalApamAM kabutaranA nayana peThe camake che. tAro kezahakumatanuM vacana ApyuM hatuM. temane je amano pIcho kalApa bakarAMnA ToLA jevo che. ke jANe bIlakeDanI girimApaka. e IjIpta bhAgI gaye. cAlIsa varSa rAjya karyA lAmAMthI e utarI Ave che tArA dAMta vikhUTAM paDI gayelAM pachI salamAnanuM avasAna thayuM. pachI je laDAI thaI enA gheTAM jevA che. tArA stana be joDakAM haraNa jevAM che je pariNAme juhAhane IjharAIla chUTAM paDyAM ne videzI jhaghaDA kamalemAM uchare che. cAlu rahyA. AvuM che eka yuvatInuM varNana, e "zeronanuM gulAba' dharmopadeza... salamAnanA nAme "kahevata gIta" sele kahevAya cheH 'khINanuM kamala' kahevAya che. gADha aMdhArI rAte mananuM Adi graMthe caDhayA che. "kahevata' vALe graMtha cAra bhAga e snehapUrNa paNa hatAza haiye potAnA priyatamane zodhe che. mAM vaheMcI nAkhavAmAM AvyuM che. traNa ne paMcotera mAMthI aMdhAragherI zerIomAM rakhaDe che. jerUsalemanI yuvatIone dhaNIkharI seleminanI che bAkInI kahevata selamananI nathI. vinave che: "mArA priyatamane kahe, enA premamAM huM ghelI enI vividhatAne pUro khyAla ApavAM mukela che. keTalIkamAM banI chuM. mAro priyatama gero che: ratumaDe cheH daza hajAra dunyavI zANapaNa che keTalIkamAM AdhyAtmika prauDhatA varatAya sainikone saradAra che. enAM nayana saritAnAM jalataraMgamAM che ne keTalIka vAstavikatA upara racAI che seTI choDe ne ramatA haMsanAM nayana jevAM durgha devAyelA che. enA gAla bAlakane bagADe; keTalIkamAM ka9panAnuM kAvyatatva paNa dRSTigecara madhura puSpa jevA te jAnI zakhyA che. enA adhara draya thAya che. piyaNa che. emAMthI nehane amIrasa Tapake che. enA patra ArasanA staMbha jevA che. jhagamagatA suvarNa bebelAmAM jaDelA dhikakArathI saMgharSa pragaTe che : prema pApa chAvare che' che." ane e mahilA ? "enI jaMghA hIrA jevI che. enI 'bhAIthI caDI jAya e mitra; nAbhi geLa pyAlI jevI che. emAM madirA bharavAnI jarUra nathI ! "cAle, mArA nAtha ! tejAnAnI girimAlAmAM vasatA pANI choDIe e saMgharSane AraMbha che eTale kizora sAbara jevA banI jAo; jhaghaDo upasthita thatAM pahelAM ja DAmI do! sabAtha" ( ArAma dina, 'rAha ( ) ne garva pachI vinAzaH krodha pachI vinipAta." "ca" (dharma maMdira nuM kharekhara, A kAvyacitra che. viDaMbana karanArane Thapake na Ape: e tamane dhikakA seminane nAme caDhele trIje graMtha dharmopadeza" che: raze. zANu mANasane Thapako Ape e tamane prema karaze." eno bhAva "kahevata jevo ja che. paraMtu ene gaMbhIra pravAha satata vahe che. 'dUra rahetA bhAI karatAM najIkana pADozI sAro." garIbane trAsa ApanAra sarajanahAranI niMdA kare che gumAnanuM gumAna. badhuM ja gumAna che. divasabhara karelA parantu Izvarano Adara karanAra garIba para dayA kare che parizramanuM phala zuM ? eka peDhI pUrI thAya che. bIjI Ara. bhAya che. paraMtu pRthvI ciraMtana che." jema salAhakAro vadhAre ema salAmatI vadhAre. "badhI ja nadIo samUdrane maLe che chatAM dariyo chala. 'jenuM dila kAbumAM nathI e bhaMgAra ne durgavihoNA kAto nathI. dareka vAtanI trAtu chedareka kArya mATe nizcita nagara jevo che. samaya che. janma samaya. mRtyune samaya. rUdanano samaya. 'jaMgala na hoya tyAM dAvAnaLa na phelAya vAta vadhAranAra hAsyano samaya. vilApane samaya. nRtyane samaya." na hoya tyAM saMgharSane anna Ave' raTI pANImAM nAkheH divaso pachI e pAchI maLaze." Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha zAstra dhAra vihoNuM " salAmananA zANapaNa" mAM huM hA 000000000000000000000000000000000000zANapaNa vyakitarUpa bane che. kartAnA samaya pachI ghaNe lAMbe che samaye lakhAyuM jaNAya che. enAM kAvyamaya, aitihAsika ne 8 Te. naM. ephIsa 31217 rahasyamaya vividha svarUpamAM hibru ne helenI tatva najare paDe che. raheThANa 87133 che "sele mananAM pado, paNa e mahAna rAjavIne nAme caDayuM ! che. Ama solemAnanuM nAma zANapaNa sAthe joDavAmAM AvyuM che che e pAyA vinAnuM te naja hoI zake. bhAratIya "smRti saMdarbha graMtha bhA.-2"nA selamananA nAmathI saMkhyAbaMdha daMta kathAone preraNA che prakAzana prasaMge hamArI hArdika zubhecchA :maLI che. khAsa karIne madhyayugamAM. yahUdI sAhityo. islAmI che dharmagraMtha kurAnamAM paNa ullekha che: "Izvare salAmanane pavana me. sukhadeva luNArAma ne paMkhInI bhASA samajavA zakti ApI hatI. saumananA vaibhava ne zANapaNa aMge atizayokti karavAmAM AvI haze. bAkI ene kaI pAye ja nathI ema te na ja kahevAya. enI 8 samAnavRttine udAravRtti mATe paNa ApaNe emane Adara karI che zakIe. kemi ne dhArmika bhedabhAvathI e taddana mukata hate. chatAM bauddha azoka jevA prAcIna samrATonI adhyAlika 8 kaphAe e pahoMcI zakyo nahote. salemananuM kathAvastu hamezAM kalAne preraNA Apatu rahyuM che saMgItamAM henDelane preraNA maLI che. yahUdI praNetA che che. bharatakhaMDa keTanamIla kampAunDa nareDI roDa a ma da va 6- 16 ane A blaca vAdya vRndomAM paNa salamAnanI asara varatAya che. 0000000000jee 20000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Te. naM. 32 0 0 7 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 pra kA za TreDarsa mIla sTorsanA vahepArI ophIsa 1le mALe, sutarIyAnuM DaheluM, dhI bajAra, a ma dAvA 6 preprAyaTara amRtalAla devasiMhabhAI brahmabhaTTa (devaDAvALA) 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 4 Jain Education Intemational

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[11] azurabanIpAla prAcIna jagatanAM rASTromAM esIrIA jaga prasidhdha na hote teNe eka esIriana sainikane kahyuM "cAla mAru ta esIrIononuM mULa vatana mesepeTe mIAnI uttare mastaka ghaDathI juduM karI nAMkhane tArA rAjAne pahoMcADa ha AvyuM. tyAMthI samagra madhyapUrva para temaNe sattA jamAvI hatI jIvate pakaDAvuM te e mane jIvatA rAkhe evI AzA nathI.' uttaramAM che ke AminIA ane dakSiNe IjIpta sudhAne pradeza najIkanAM ja zi9pamAM temAnane bANa vAgyuM che. e jamIna temaNe jItI lIdhuM hatuM emanA rAjyanAM AkhAya gALAmAM para besI paDaye che. ene putra tarita zatrutra AkramaNane cAlu laDAIo, gherA, zahera bALavA ne lUTavA ne leAkAne keda khALI rahyo che. jaMgalamAM saMtAyA che paraMtu esIrIAnA pakaDavA e sivAya bIjI koI vAta dhyAna khecatI nathI. hibru devatA azurane ItaranI sahAyathI azara banI pAla temane payagaMbaroe esIrIana rAjavIonI bhayaMkaratA khuba pakaDI pADe che azura banIpAla tamAnanuM mastaka kApI. vijaya vaDI che. saMdeza tarIke esIrIA meklAve che. cothA zi95mAM mahA rAja azurabanIpAla potAnA nivehanA rAjamahAlayamAM mahAAma chatAM ya esIrIanee mutsaddI cAritrazIla, ne rANI sAthe virAmAsana para birAjyA che. saMgItakAranAM sAthamAM kalA rasika samrATa jagatane ApyA che. temAM ya azura banIpAla eka chokarI vINA vagADI rahI che. ne temAnanuM mastaka eka Ajeya saune yAda che. IsvI sana pUrve 668 thI 626 sudhI vI. eNe nineha nagaramAM rAjya karyuM. bIjA zi95 jUthamAM azara binipAla sAme tenA prathamato e mahAna vijetA hate bIjuM zi95ne bhAI zazama mukIne baLa pokAryo hate enAM drazyo che. cheparaskartA hate. brITIza myujhiamamAM Aje paNa enA azarabinI pAse ene bebIlenDene rAjyapAla nImyA hatA. cadhanAne zikAranAM zilpa prAcIna jagatanI kalAnI sAkha azarabinIvAlanAM sainya. rAjakumAranAM mahelane gherI lIdhA. pare che. eTaluM ja nahi, paNa e vijJAnane AzrayadAtA, ane enA mahela sAthe ene jIvato saLagAvI mUkyo hato. vidhAno cAhaka ne ati graMtha premI hate enAM zilAmAM ane enI patnI adhyatA seniTa vora tamA ArIA ( hAlanA irAna ) nI uttare AvelA ilAmanAM yAmate azara banIpAla pAse laI javAmAM AvI hatI. rAjavI taumAna sAthenA yudhe suMdara rIte AlekhAelAM che dareka za95nIce tyAranI asIrIana bhASAmAM prasaMgenI Ama zubha mukitane baLa dAbI dIdhA pachI azura banIpAle e baMDane Teke ApanAra elAma para paNa samajaNa ApelI che. senca mekalAvyuM. ne dAkhale besADyo esIrIA sAme bela e kathA nIce mujaba che. Aba (julAI) mahinAmAM nAnAM hoTha kApI nAMkhyA. zastra upADanAranAM hAtha kApI nAMkhyA mahArANI (devI Icchara) nA mahotsavamAM ArabelA nagaramAM asurabinIpAle pIvAnA pANInAM kUvA khAlI karAvI nAMkhyA. emAInA AkramaNanAM samAcAra AvyA. azura banI pAlane ne elAmAMthI eka mahine paccIsa divasa pravAsa karatAM thAya parAjIta karaze nahIM tyAM sudhI pote devIne prasAda dharAvaze eTale pradeza verAna karI nAMkhyA. vRAnAM vRkSe bALI nAMkhyA nahI. evI tamAne pratijJA lIdhI hatI. A samAcAra ne samagra pradezane jaMgalI pazuone zanAM vAsa banAvI mUke maLatAMja azura banIpAle devI IccharanI prArthanA karI e mahAna zikArI azarabinIpAla A bhayaMkara hato ArabalAnI devI. elAmanAM teramAne pApI pagaluM bharyuM chatAMya dareka prakAranI kriDAmAM rasa leto hAthamAM dhanuSya bANa che. huM emane khuza rAkhavA banatuM badhuM ja karI chUTa lai. rathamAM ubhA rahI. the doDavata :ne khaccarane haraNano chuM. chatAM temaNe esIrIo sAme talavAra uThAvI che. mATe zikAra karate siMhanI pAchaLa paDevAmAM paNa ene majA AvatI he devI ? tuM amArI hAre ghA. ne temane saMhAra kara. devIe keTalIkavAra e page doDate paNa zikAra khelato. e zi95mAM athara banI pAlanI prArthanA sAMbhaLI ' phikara na karIza tAro lakhyuM che esIrIAnAM rAjA azura banIpAle eka siMhane vijaya thaze " jaMgalamAM pUchaDIthI pakaDyo ne dUrathI enuM mAthuM kApI nAMkhyuM A pachI je laDAI thaI tenA dareka prasaMga zipamAM bIjA zipamAM rAjAnAM sevako AkhA divasane zikAra ekaTho kaMDArelA briTIza myujhIyamamAM paDyA che. dareka zilpanI nIce karI rahelA batAvyA che amAM agIAra siMha marelA che. ne te samajAtI paNa ApavAmAM AvI che. A yudhdhamAM tomA. sAta ghAyala thayelA che. zikAramAM e jabarA zikArI kUtarA nanA jamAI urtAraku bANathI ghavAye hato. paraMtu maraNa pAmya sAthe rAkhatA A kutarAo nAM paNa ghaNAM zilpo che. A ara) nA mahArAja julAI mahinA emAIna Jain Education Intemational

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha zipamAM esIrIana kalAkAro e pitAnI kalAnI parAkASTA A graMthamAM aneka viSayo cheDavAmAM AvelA che. ziyAdAkhavI che. prAcIna kalAmAM AnI ke jeDa jaDavI muzkela che ranAM nagarapati para azura binipAle lakhelA eka patra paNa be zipa khuba prazaMsA pAmyA che. eka zipa che ghAyala A zipamAM kaMDArela che. temAM emaNe nagarapatine prajA sneihanuM bANa enA zarIramAM khUMpI gayuM che. e lehI janonAM gharamAM ne devAlayomAM je graMthe rAkhelA hoya te laI ekI rahe che. bIjuM zipa eka ghAyala siMhaNanuM che enI AvavA hUkama Ape che. khAsa karI khagoLazAstrI, jAdu, pITha bhAMgI gaI che. chatAM Agale page uMcI thaI chelle prArthanA maMtre yuddha kathAo vagere kaMDArAelA che. hoya enI paDakAra ApI rahI che. khAsa tapAsa karavA kahyuM che. badhA ja graMtha nineha ekalI A zikAranAM citranAM viradhA bhAsamAMenAM gRhajI ApavAne emAM Adeza che. Aja hetusara dareka prAMtanAM rAjapAlepara paNa khAsa pharamAne mokalavAmAM AvyA hatAM vananAM citra enuM juduM ja svarUpa dAkhave che. ghaNA yaza AvA AmAM ghaNI cIjo gurAtattvavidane itihAsa kArane kAmanI che. zipathI maLyo che. jANe e Akho divasa zikAra khelI, e graMthamAM bebIlenane esIrIAnA sAhitya graMtha che. emAM ghera AvI, snAna bhajanathI paravArI, potAnI mahArANI sAthe mIla gAmezanuM mahAkAvya che. vIra devatA mArakukane enI potAnA abhyAsa khaMDamAM virAje che, eka meja para dIvo rAkSasa patnI TIA maTanA sarjananI vArtA che. baLI rahyo che. jela para jaLapAtra che gAdIvALuM Asana che sAmenI chAjalImAM pustaka hArabaMdha goThavelAM che. e pustaka azurabinIpAlanAM avasAna pachI cauda ja varSamAM e le esIrIana bhASAmAM kotarelI iMTa, dipakanAM prakAzamAM nivehane lUMTI levAmAM AvyuM hatuM ane vinAza karavAmAM jANe e lakhANa ukelI rahyo che. AvyuM hatuM. mahArAjA azurabipAlanuM pustakAlaya bhUgarbhamAM daTAI gayuM hatuM. be hajAra varSa sudhI te daTAyeluM rahyuM. aMgrejI purAtatvavida osTIna leDa nIne vehamAM tAjetaramAM ja ene punaruddhAra thayo. e mahAna rAjA e AveluM azurAbanIpAlanuM pustakAlaya zedhI kADhayuM che. talavArathI je meLavyuM te na TakayuM. jyAre graMtha pAlaka tarIke kismate ja ene yArI ApI che. IsvI sana. 1850mAM e e amara thaI gaI. IrAkamAM AvelA mesula najIka kuyunjika AgaLanAM TekarAnuM khodakAma karAvI rahyA hatA. tyAre ene A mUlyavAna esIrIana zilapA prApta thayA hatA. e esIrIanAnuM pATanagara .30 300000000000000 rs niha che. ema e sidhdha karI zake che.. khodatAM khedatAM ene esIrIana rAjAnAM rAjamahelanAM be khaMDo maLI AvyAM ! '' maLI AvyAM Ama te e khaMDo khAlI adyatana, vijJAnika paddhati thI banata hatA. paraMtu tyAM ene ketarakAma karelI nAnI moTI iMTo maLI AvI. moTI iTa navaIca lAMbI ne sADA cha iMca pahoLI hatI. nAnAmAM ITa eka Ica lAMbI hatI. temAM bahuja jhINA akSaromAM kAtara kAma hatuM. e badhI ja iTo ekaThI karI eNe briTIza myujhiyamamAM mokalI ApI. cheDA varSo che pachI emanA sahAyaka zera mujhaDa rAsameM paNa ghaNI IMTo 8 mokalI. Ama pazcIsa hajAra ITo briTIza myujhIyamamAM naLIyA tathA bhIyA vAparo ekaThI karavAmAM AvI che. pachI theDA varSo pachI matkArIka AtmazikSita vidvAna jaja mithe e iTonuM kotarakAma che vAMcI jAhera karyu ke e mahArAjA azurabinIpAlanuM pustakAlaya hatuM. karaH malabAra rANIchApa 00000000000000008 ha00000000000000000000 990000000000000000000000000000 * AmAM jarAvya zaMkA nathI. kAraNa ke dareka iTa upara che azurabinIpAlanI milakata" ema katareluM che. keTalAkamAM 8 esIrIAnA rAjA azurane beliTamAM zraddhA rAkhanAra, che zANapaNanAM deva nAbae uMDI samaja, tIva daSTine kotarakAmanI kalA; prApta thaI hatI. tene A rAjamahela che. ema che lakheluM che. vadhArAmAM umeryuM che je kaI Ane laI jaze, bhUMsI nAMkhaze, yA nAza karaze tenA para devane zApa utaraze. meM malabAra TAITisa, makanasara che. . naM. 55 morabI hara1H00000000000000000000000000000e: Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 WITH COMPLIMENTS OF : THE BOMBAY DRUG DISTRIBUTORS (DEALERS IN PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS OF REPUTE) Phone 3 S Factory : 453787 Sales : 332256 Drug House 54 B. Proctor Road, Grant Rd, BOMBAY 7. Cram, "NERVOBRIN" Bombay-7 Hoo-000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 MESSRS. KIRTIKUMAR CHANDULAL & Co. 50 ISAJI STREET BOMBAY-3. BR. STCCKIST WAXES; SHELLAC : GLUE Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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[12] mahAna sAyarasa bAyabalamAM eka nATakIya prasaMga nedhale che. emAM A vAta suMdara che parantue satya hovAnI zaMkA che. bebIlenanA patananI AgAhI che. DeniyalanA graMthamAM ene arvAcIna itihAsakAro eTaluM ja kabula karavA taiyAra che ke AbehUba citAra Ape che. sAyarasane esTayAjIsa sAthe kAMIka saMbaMdha haze. emanA mata pramANe sAyarasa abhyAnano zAhI vaMzaja hatA. anzAna mahArAjA belazAjhAra pitAne vizALa janakhaMDamAM mesopoTemIAnI sarahada para AveluM eka nAnakaDuM rAjya samAraMbhanI taiyArIo karI rahyA che. eka hajAra amIra hatuM. susA enuM pATanagara IsvIsana pUrve 558mAM e enA umarAvone AmaMtraNa ApeluM che. jerusalemanA devamaMdiramAMthI pitA pachI ajJAnanI gAdI para Avyo. brITIza myujhiANelAM senAnAM vAsaNo lAvavA mahArAjAe sevaka mekalya yamamAM sAcavI rAkhelI eka ITa pramANe pachI ajJAna ne che. A pAtromAM jyAre mahArANIone rAjakumAra jalapAna mIDIA vacce yuddha, phATI nIkaLyuM sTiyAjIe meTuM karI rahyAM che. tyAre eka hAtha pragaTa thAya che. dIpaka staMbha lazkara ekaThuM karI anzana para AkramaNa karyuM. paraMtu enA vALI divAla para enI aMgulio kaMIka lakhe che. mahArAjA sainya baLavo karyo ne saradAre e askayAjIsane pakaDI nA vadana para viSAda rekhAo aMkAya che. agamya vicAro sAyarasane havAle karI dIdhuM. pachI sAyarasa mIDIAnA pATa. ene akaLAve che. enA ghUMTaNa athaDAya che. e bUma mAre nagara eka bATana gaye. tyAnuM sarvasva lUMTI laI ajJAna che; "are ! koIne belA A divAla para zuM lakhAya che!" pAcho vaLe. DenIyalane belAvI lAvavAmAM Ave che. divAla para lakhAyelI bhayaMkara AgAhI e vAMce che. Ama sAyarasa mIDIjhane IrAnana mahArAjA banyo. eja rAtre zelaDInsanA mahArAjA e9zAjhAranuM khUna ane suSA banne rAjyanuM pATanagara banyuM chatAM eka bATananI thI thAya che. mIDIana DAyasa enuM rAjya AMcakI le che. paraMtu khyAtimAM oTa na AvI. manuSyanA A janma AgevAna A vAtamAM thoDIka ItihAsakAranI bhUla che. e rAjA ezA thavA nirmAye hoya evA mahArAjAne ayAjIsane sthAne jhAra nahote bezakAranI hatyA nathI thaI. DarAyase enuM vadhAvavA mIDIjha taiyAra hatA sAyarasa AyAjIsane ajJAna rAnya AMcakI paNa lIdhuM nathI. paraMtu IrAnanA sAyarase laI gaye paraMtu enI hatyA na karI. bebIlena AMcakI lIdhuM hatuM. ne potAnI vijaya yAtrA para eka be varSa pachI sAyarasane potAnI vijaya yAtrA kIrti kaLaza caDhAvyo hate. AraMbhavA preraNA thaI. sAyarase uttara me poTesIo para A sAyarasa keNu? ke vaMzaja ! itihAsamAM AkramaNa karyuM. IsvIsana pUrve 547 mAM e gALAnA pazcima enuM sthAne zuM ! prAcIna graMthakAre rAjyanA Ara bhakALanAM eziyAnA mahArAjaya lIDIAe enI vijaya yAtrA thaMbhAvI. cAra judA judA vRttAte ApyA che. e cAreya ne meLa lIDIcAnA mahArAjA kesasa pAse e irache e sAdhave azakya che. paraMtu grIka itihAsakAra hIroToTase sAya- badhuM ja hatuM. vipUla saMpatti, virATa sainya ne samagra ezIA rasa pachI sittera varSe irAnanI mulAkAta lIdhI hatI. emaNe mAInarane ne Ayoniyana kinAre AvelAM grIka zaherone Abehuba ne vigatavAra varNana ApyuM che. sAyarasa nAmanA AvarI letuM mahArAjya hatuM. chatAM e Darapoka hatA enA eka IrAnI umarAvane putra hato enI patnI rAjakumArI ne sAyarasanA rAjya vacce eka mAtra helyAsa nadI vahetI menDeIna mIDIAnA mahArAjA esTIA jIsanuM ekanuM eka hatI. krAIse sAyarasanI mahatvAkAMkSAonI vAta sAMbhaLI santAna hatI. IrAna te veLA bahu nAne pradeza hate. IrAna hatI. lADIone mIDIA vacce ghaNAM varSono jUne mIThuM ne kApIana samudra vacceno pradeza mIDIA kahevAte emyA- saMbaMdha hate. banne rAjakuTuMbe lohInI sagAInI snehagAMThe ane kaie AgAhI karI hatI ke enI putrIne putra nuM baMdhAyelA hatA chatAM mIDIAne nave rAjA A saMbaMdha rAjya AMcako leze tethI eNe enA putrIne putranI hatyA sAcavate ke kema enI krAIsasane zaMkA hatI. karavAnA hUkamo choDayA paraMtu e jaMgalI hUkamane yUkitapUrvaka anAdara thayo. bAlaka "moTo thayo eTale eNe potAnA eTale koI se IjIpta, bebIleniyA ne pArTana grIka dAdAjI viruddha baMDa uThAvyuM ne emane sthAne pite mahArAjA sAthe maitrIsaMbaMdha bAMdhavA durasta dhAyuM". sAyarasa sAthe yuddha thAya te pote jItaze ke kema enI AgAhI jaNavA eNe thaye. Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA-bhAga-2 DephI pitAnA pratinidhio paNa mokalyA hatA. A bhaviSya jItI lIdhA. ne potAnI hakumata cheka IrAnanA akhAtathI vANI dviarthI hatI. paraMtu koIsase ene sAcI mAnI hatI. DADenasane kALA samuddha sudhI vistArI. kroIsa irAniyana sAthe yudadhe caDhaze te eka mahAna sAmrA jayano vinAza thaze sAyarasanuM samajya naSTa thaze ema paraMtu eTalAthI sAyarasane saMtoSa thaye nahi. koI keIsase ekadama mAnI lIdhuM. paraMtu pAkakI khAtarI karavA sasane bebIlona, ijIpta ne spAe madada karI hatI. e eNe bIjuM pratinidhi maMDaLa DerI kahyuM. A vakha nI enA dhyAna bahAra na hatuM. eTale emane pUro pATha bhaNA. bhaviSya vANI kaMIka vicitra hatI : jyAre eka khaccara vo joIe. ema ene lAgyuM. bebIlana traNeyamAM sauthI mIDIjhanuM rAjavI banaze tyAre eka vADIne ya vicAra karavA najIka hatuM. eTale paheluM e najaramAM lIdhuM DAM varSo vATa rahIza nahi. kAyaratA vahoravI paDe te paNa acakAIza nahi. je te pUrI taiyArIo karI. IsvI sana pUrve 540 nAM ekadama bhAgI chUTa je' pratinidhio A javAba laI svadeza arasAmAM enI taiyArIo pUrI thaI. potAnA AgavA mathI pAchA pharyA tyAre rAjyamAM ghaNI akaLAmaNa thaI paranu I eNe AkramaNa AvyuM TAIgrIsa nadI oLaMgI bebIlenanA sajarAya becena banyuM nahi. paraMtu e bhaviSya vANI ne - pradezamAM praveza karyo. pitAne lAbhakartA che ema gaNI lIdhI. bebIlenIA hajIpaNa eka mahAsattA hatuM. vIsa varSathI nA patanano AraMbha thayo hate. isvI sana pUrve papa6 mAM IsvIsana pUrve 548 nI vasaMta tumAM keisase , bIlenamAM ne nIDasa rAjya karatA hatA. e arvAcIna AkramaNa ne AraMbha karyo. enA sainya helIsa oLaMgI - tophAnajhIlavA zakitamAna na hoto ene to kevaLa purAtattavanA mIDIAmAM praveza karyo. paherIA nagara sahelAithI kabaje zokha hato. jUnA maMdiranA khaMye e dAvo ne karyuM. lUMTaphATa karIne vinAza veryo. vastIne gulAma banAvI. zIlAlekha vAMcavAmAM AnaMda mANo kaIvAra e zilAlekho sAyarasa mAhitI maLatAM ja deDate Avyo paraMtu moDo paDyo para potAnI DIka lITIo paNa katarAvate vaLI ene mukAbale anita rahyo. varSa pUruM thavA AvyuM hatuM. eTale * samakAlIna dhana abhyAsa karavAno paNa tIvra zokha hato. keisase vatana pAchA pharI ziyALe dezamAM surakSita gALavA e bebIlonane dharmomAM sarvadharma samanvaya karavA vicAra nirNaya lIdho. sAyarasa paNa ema ja karaze ema mAnI lIdhuM. rAkhatA e judA judA devadevIonI mUrtio ekaThI karatA. paraMtu sAyarase e vAta na svIkArI kesasa nA sainyano pIcho bebIlonamAM eNe A pratimAonuM eka saMgrahasthAna banAvyuM pakaDyo. lIDIAnA pATanagara sADIjha bahAra temane pakaDI hatuM tyAMnA pAhitone A rucatuM na hatuM eTale jyAre pADyA ne sakhata parAjaya Apyo. A vijaya sAyarasa nI sAyarase pATanagara prati AkramaNa AraMmyuM tyAre tyAM pAMcamI caDiyAtI vyuharacanAne AbhArI hate. gheDe savArane badale katArIAnuM jora vadhI rahyuM hatuM. temAM vebucane jhAre jeuMTa savAre vAparI eNe A vijaya hAMsala karyo hate ghoDA salemathI hAMkI kADhelAne bebIlAnamAM AvI vaselA yahUdIonuM uMTathI Dare che enI sAme jotAM Dare che ne enI gaMdhathI vadhAre jora hatuM. vyAkuLa bane che. eTale jyAre yudha AraMbhAyuM tyAre krAIsasanA sainyanA ghaDA uMTa jotAM ja bhaDakayA ne pAchA A pramANe bebIlenA para AkramaNa karavA nI suMdara vaLI nAThA thoDIja kSaNamAM keziyasanI vijayanI AzA para taka hatI. ne sAyarasa jarApaNa vilaMba karavA mAMgato na pANI pharI vaLyuM. lIDIane sADI jhanAM damAM Azraya levA hato. eNe zaheramAM pravezanI yukreTIsane pravAha badalyA ne bhAgyA paraMtu sAyarasa DapathI sADI"jha kabaje karI lIdhuM. dvAra khUlyAM tyAre lakara pATanagaramAM pravezatA teyAra rAkhyuM. eTale dvAra khulatAM ja lazkarIA pATanagaramAM ghasyAM ne vismaya krAIsasa keda paka. ene jIvate bALI mUkavA Adeza vimaDha banelA bebIleniyane jItAI gayA. AjubAjunA A. paraMtu agnivALA e krAIsa rakhAvI tyAra pahelA pradeza sAyarasanAM hAthamAM paDyA. chatAM pATanagaranA madhyanAM sAyarasane dayA AvIne ene bacAvI lIdho. kAIsasane hava vatanIo hajI kAMI mahesava mANavAmAM mazagUla hatA. samajAyuM ke bhaviSyavANIno eNe ulTo artha ghaTAbe hate. enuM sAmrArAjya khatama thayuM. paraMtu khaccaranI vAta hajI ene paraMtu briTIza myujhIyamamAM rAkhavAmAM AvelA eka na samAI. e tapAsa karIne khulAso maLe; 'cara mATInA naLA para zilAlekha kAMika judI ja vAta kahe che. eTale sAyarasa : ene pitA irAnI hatA. ne mAtA mIDa hatI. bebIlonanAM deva mAraDuke potAnI pasaMdagIno eka guNI rAjakumAra zedhI kADho. ne enA satya kRtyathI rAcI rahyA. Ama AkhuM eziyA mAvatarane Aveniyana kinArAnI emane ene bebIlena para AkramaNa karavA AjJA karI. eNe prIka vasAhata tathA AjubAjunA TApuone sAyarasanAM AkramaNa AraMbhya. tyAre deva pite enI paDakhe Akhe rasta mahArAjyamAM samAvI levAmAM AvyA. be cAra varSanAM ja rahyA. ene enuM sainya zastra stro dhAraNa karI samudra taraMge gALAmAM eka nAnakaDA rAjyanAM A rAjAe be meTAM sAmrAjya peThe emanI sAthe cAlyuM bIlakula laDayA sivAya ke Jain Education Interational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 With Best C nents From One of the leading exporters and contributors in earning highly valued foreign exchange emane bebIlonamAM praveza apAvyo. bebIlonane nAnIDasane vinAzamAMthI bacAvI lIdhA. rAjAo tene siMhAsana pI dIdhu ne samagra prajAjanone amIra umarA tene vaMdI rahyA. enA vijayathI AnaMda manAvyo A pramANe pATanagara ne kabaje lIdhA pachI sAyarase badhA mitrone manAvI lIdhA. eTaluM ja nahIM paNa pitAnA virodhIone paNa dhArmika sahiSNutAthI jItI lIdhA. ekkI karelI pratimAone pAta pitAnA maMdiramAM pAchI mokalI ApavAmAM AvI. ejhAnA graMthanA pahelA prakaraNamAM jaNAvyA pramANe yahUdIone pitAnuM devAlaya puna : bAMdhavA paravAnagI ApI. agAu nebucaDane jhAre e jerusalemanAM patana vakhate teDI pADI hatuM. huM -- phaTamAM bebIlane meLavele mAlapaNuM pAcho Ape. Jamnadas Madhavji & Company Manufacturers and Exporters of : Ama paMdara varSa purANA bebIlenanA sAmAnyano aMta Avyo have bebIlona sAyarasa nA navA sAmrajyanuM eka pATanagara banyuM. bhUmadhya samudrathI irAnanA akhAta sudhInA badhAja rAjavI ene sAyarasano cakravatI rAjatarIke svIkAryo. pazcimanI bhUmi arabastAnamAM taMbuomAM rahetA rAjavIo paNa ene zaraNe AvyA. Groundnuts, Groundout oilcakes, Cottonseed cakes, Deoiled cakes, (Extraction ), Groundnut oil Solveit Rcfined oil and Laxmi Catilefeeds. Head Office : Taona House, 11/A Wodehouse Road, Bombay 1. Telephone Nos Office:-214211/13 Residence:-366404, 368838 and 366429, bebIlenanAM samrATa tarIke sAyarasa phinizIyAne rIAne sArvabhauma rAjavI banyo ne have enI vijayayAtrA ijIpta para taLAI 2hI. paraMtu vizALa sAmrAjyane vyavasthIta karavAmAM ane samaya jatuM hatuM. sahiSNu mAnavatA vADhIne saphadaSTivALA e jema- samrATa hato. yuddhamAM jema eNe kuzaLatA dAkhavI hatI. tema rAjya vahIvaTamAM paNa eNe pUrI nipUrNatA dAkhavI. enA pAyA para enA vaMza lAMbA samaya sudhI e mahArAjya TakAvI zakayA. chatAM ane enA mahArAjyanAM sarahada pravezamAM melAgeTa nAmaka jaMgalI jati sAthe laDatAM laDatAM yuddhamAM ja khapI gaye IsvIsana pUve paranI e sAla sAyarase trIsa varSa rAjya karyuM. Branches : 1) 54, Digvijay Plot, Jamnagar. 2) 148/149, Finsbury Court, Finsbury Pavement, London EC2. barAbara baso varSa pachI enAthI paNa vadhAre vizvavi khyAta vizvavijetAo pAsaroDekamAM AvelI pAyarasanI samAdhinI mulAkAta lIdhI. mahAna elekajhAnDare e samAdhi para zilAlekha navesarathI kotarAvyuM. A mAnavabadhuM ! tuM game te ho ! jyAre paNa tuM ahIM Ave tyAre ha IrAnI sAmrAjya sthApaka sAyarasa chuM tethI mArI IrSo karIza nahi. mAre nazvaradeha paNa ahIM paMcamahAbhUtamAM maLI lAve che. Associates: 1) International Exports & Estates Agency, (Solvent Extraction plant), Post Box No. 123, Vijayawada (Andhra Pradesh) 2) Halar Salt and Chemical Works, Jamnagar. 3) Glenmorgan Tea Estates Co., P. O. (Nilgiris-South India) 4) Emerald Vaelley Tea Estates Co., Emerald P. O. 5) Sikka Salt Works, Sikka. (Saura shtra) 6) Jamnadas Madhavji & Others Agricultural Co. Jamnagar 7) Silver Star Line, Bombay. 8) Tanpa Oil Extraction Pvt. Ltd., Bombay. A zilAlekha vAMcI yuvAna vizvavijetAnuM haiyuM bharAI AvyuM. e pAchA vaLI gaye. E '00000000000000000000000000000000 Jain Education Intemational

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450 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 50539] ema. DI. TelIphena : 76287 | ophIsa 76288 TelIgrAma : "khetI benka" 0 00000000000000000000000000%0000000000 gujarAta sTeTa-opareTIva lenDa DevalapamenTa benka li. 489, Azrama roDa, amadAvAda-9. kRSi vikAsanA kSetre lona dhirANunA kAryakramamAM benke bhajavela AgaLa paDato bhAga zAkhAo .... sabhya saMkhyA .... bharapAI thayela zera bhaMDoLa DIbecara dvArA ubhuM karavAmAM Avela bhaMDoLa rIjharva tathA anya bhaMDoLa 182 8,95,000 rU. 9,63 karoDa rUA. 135,83 kareDa rU. 2,24 karoDa 0:200cvecveco0000000 econocococoo0000000000000000000000ocooooooecocoeecosoccceooeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee benke karela dhirANanI vigata hetu a. naM. saMkhyA rakama rU. karoDamAM 1,93,332 45,337 1,88,182 49,44 5,47 ha0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 navA kuvA junA kuvA samAravA ane uMDA utAravA oIla ejana, Ile. meTara TrekaTara kannA hakka meLavavA mATenuM dhirANa gaNotIyAone dhirANa anya hetuo pa6,000 19,454 14.87 2.63 2.26 16.42 kula. 160,85 A benka dvArA sAmAnya janatA pAsethI AkarSaka vyAjanA dare phIkasDa DIpojhITa svIkAravAmAM Ave che. udayabhANasiMhajI pramukha jhINAbhAI darajI upa-pramukha eca. ema. joSI AI. e. esa. menejIga DIrekaTara . haradaha karaee e eeeeeeee200000000000000000000000000000000000 ka Jain Education Intemational

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[13] DarAyasa behIsTanamAM eka khaDaka che. vekabATana ( arvAcIna AkramaNa AraMbhaLyuM. Azcaryajanaka rIte emane sahelAIthI hamadama ) thI nIce naiRtyamAM bebIleniyA jate eka vijaya maLI gayo, paraMtu jyAre emaNe pitAnuM sainya kAphalAne rAjamArga che. tyAM IrAnI zAhanAM zrImadana AvelAM yupiyA mokalyuM tyAre emane sakhata parAjaya thayo ne che. e khaDakanI eka zilAmAM eka mahAna citra kerI kesesa gAMDe thaI gaye. kADhavAmAM AveluM che. be hajAra varSathI tyAMthI pasAra thatAM pachI IrAnamAM baLa thayAnA samAcAra AvyA. pravAsIonAM dilamAM e kutUDala ne Adara upajAvI rahyuM che. rAjAnA bhAI meraDIsa ene AgevAna hatuM. kesasa sArI e eTaluM te purANuM che ke e kayAre astitvamAM AvyuM e rIte jANato hato ke e gapATo hate. eNe pote to e bhAInI hakIkata kALanA dhummasamAM chapAI gaI che. juliyasa sIjharanA hatyA karavAnA hUkama ApyA hatA. ne e hukamane amala samakAlIna DAyoDorasa eka addabhUta vAta kahI gayA che; bebI paNa thayo hate. e vAtanI jhAjhI jAherAta karavAmAM AvI lenanI mahArANI semIzamIse e zilA para kotarakAma karavAno nahotI. ke sasa turataja DuM lazkara laI uttarapradeza Adeza ApyuM hatuM. e khaDakanA zikhara para caDhavA zilpI tarapha kUca karI gayo. tyAre enI sAthe keTalAka agraNI amIro oe mahArANInA bhAra khAtammAMthI gheDAnA jInanA DhagalAno paNa hatA. emAM DarAyasa paNa hatuM. emanA pitAnuM nAma upayoga karyo hate. hisTAmpasa. e dUranAM prAMtane eka khaMDiyA rAjA hato. e pachIthI irAnano pravAsa karanAra bIjA pravAsIoe rAjAno sage : kadAca pitarAI hate. AkamenIphIjhane vadhAre kAlpanika kahANI rajU karI che. aDhAramI sadInAM a ta vaMzaja te hate ja mArgamAM acAnaka kembIsIsa ' siriyAmAM bhASAmAM thaI gayelA eka pravAsIo bhArapUrvaka jaNAvyuM che keI sthaLe avasAna thayuM. lazkara mahArAjAnuM zaba laI ke e citra jIsasa krAIsTa ne temanA bAra zikhyAnuM che jyAre AgaLa vadhyuM. Akhare jyAre te irAna pahoMcyA tyAre pelA IsvIsana 1927 mAM pravAsa karanAra aMgreja kera paranA baLavAre samagra sattA, dravyakaSa, mahArANIo vagere saghaLuM abhiprAya mujaba e citra sIrIana mahArAjA zAlamAne kabaje karI lIdhuM hatuM. -sarane temaNe keda pakaDelI IjharAIla jAtionA kedIonuM che. Doka samaya DAyasa ane enA sAthIo mauna paraMtu najIkanA eka gaMdA gAmaDAnI IrAnI strIo pitA nI rahyA. jANe saue nA amala svIkArI lIdhe, paraMtu anya AgavI mAnyatA dharAve che. emanA mata pramANe e kaI - darabArIomAM zaMkAnAM vAdaLa gherAvA lAgyA. no rAjA te purANa saMta puruSanI che ane enA AtmAnI zAnti arthe kadI rAjamahela cheDatA naDato. zikAre paNa jato nahote. nIce taLeTImAM AvelAM vRkSonI DALIo para teo varSothI irAnI rAjanitInA darabAramAM kadI hAjarI Apate nahIM cIthara laTakAvatAM AvyA che. pote sAce rAjakumAra eraDIjha nathI tethI oLakhAI parantu A badhI kAlapanika vAta paranuM AvaraNa have javAnI ene bhItI lAgatI haze? dhIme dhIme A zakAo haThAvI devAmAM AvyuM che. isvIsana 1835mAM eka yuvAna majabUta banatI gaI. saradAranI eka TukaDI DhAMgIne TaeNga aMgreja lazkarI aphasara henarI robonasana e zRMgane cheka khUTalo pADavA ne tenI hatyA karavA kaTibaddha thaI. DarAyasa mathALe caDhI gayuM ane citra pharatAM katarelA lakhANe ukelyAM. teno agraNI banyA. eka divasa DarAyasane tenAM bIjA cha e mATe eNe varSo sudhI abhyAsa karyo hato chevaTe enuM saradAro rAjA jyAM rahetA hatAM tyAM pahoMcyA. rAjamahelamAM laya siddha thayuM hatuM. e zipa IrAnanA mahAna rAjA DAyasa pravezyA. je cekiyAe virodha karyo tene kApI nAMkhyA. pahelA e haripha khaMDiyA rAjA para meLavelA vijayanuM pratika antaHpuramAM jaI pelA DhaMgI rAjAne paNa zira cheda karyo. che. DarAyase jAte A hakIkatane ulekha karelo che. hIrADeTase A prasaMganuM ghaNuM ja rasika varNana karyuM A saMga samajavA ApaNe irAnanAM itihAsanA DAM che. enI hakIkata sAcI na mAnavAnuM koI kAraNa nathI. pachI pAnAM uthalAvavA paDaze. jyAre IrAnI sAmrAjyanA sthApaka zuM thayuM ? rAjasiMhAsana khAlI paDayuM. kesisane kAMI mahAna samrATa sAyarasanuM isvIsana pUrve para9mAM jaMgalI ja saMtAna na hatuM. gAdIne kaI ja vArasa na hote. DarA. jAtio sAthenI jhapAjhapImAM avasAna thayuM, tyAra pachI emanA yasane temanA ja sAthIo vacce carcA cAlI. potAnAmAMthI putra keosesa gAdI para Avyo. pitAe prApta karelA mahAna ekane rAjA banAva e nirNaya levAyo. paNa tene ? zA sAmrAjyathI saMtoSa na pAmatAM yuvAna rAjakumAre IjIpta para mATe ? bIje savAre jene gheDe pahelo huNa haze tene. Jain Education Intemational

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pachI e zilAle zilAlekho ke ke upara eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 have DarAyesa pAse eka cAlAka azvapAla ha. DarAya pachI DAyasa Avyo. pitAnA DAka sAthIo laI eNe azvapAlane badhI vAta karI. pitAne kADhavA eNe azvapAlane gomatane mArI nAMkhe. enuM rAjya hastagata karyuM. ahUramasUcanA ApI. jarApaNa citA na rAkhane sarakAra ? azvapAla jhadAnI kRpAthI DAyasa rAjA thaye. ahuramajhadAe DarAyasane bolyo ApaNe gheDa jarUra pahele haNu haNaze DarAyasanA azvanI gAdI sAMpIe pramANe mULa rAjavaMzane IrAnanI gAdI maLI. eka mAnItI gheDI hatI. AgalI rAte DarAyasano adhapAla e ghoDIne laI Avyo. ane najIkanI khADImAM eka jhADa pachI e zilAlekhamAM harAya pitAnA anugAmIone sAthe bAMdhI pachI te DarAyasanAM ghoDAne tyA laI AvyA. pilA cetavaNI ApI che. A zilAlekha meM rAjA DarAgase kotarAvya jhADa pharatA becAra cakakara lagAvyA. pachI bannene maLavA dIdhA. che. bhaviSyamAM je keAI tene vAMcaze. te jANaze ke me e pachI ene pAchA tabelAmAM dorI gayo. bIje savAre sAte kotarAvyA che. tame koI A citra ke lekha bhUsI nAkho mitra gheDe savAra thaI bahAra nIkaLyAM. AgalI rAtre gheDI nahiM. ke tene nAza karazo nahIM. tene abhaMga rahevA dezo jyAM bAMdhI hatI. e sthaLa AgaLathI teo pasAra thAya mArA A Adezane anAdara karanArane ahUrajhadA nAza karaze evI pelA azvapAle yejanA karI. rAyasanAM ghoDAne e temanuM nAme nizAna maTI jaze. sthAna barAbara yAda hatuM. e sthAna para AvatAM ja te haNa ha. eja paLe AkAzamAM moTo vidyuta camatkAra thaye. DAyasa siMhAsana para beThA tyAra pachI DAM varaso te meghagarjanA kaDAke thaye. Ama jANe pasaMdagIne devI ene samaya baMDa dAbavAmAM ja gayA. eka yA bIjA saMdha anumodana maLyuM. DarAyasanAM sAthIo potapotAnA gheDA aTakAvavAmAM gayA. A badhAmAMthI paravAryo ke turata ja eNe parathI kudI paDyA. DarAyane vaMdana karyuM. emaNe DarAyasane potAnA vizALa sAmrAjyane saMgaThita karavAnuM ne AkhA rAjya pitAnA bhAvi rAjavI tarIke vadhAvI lIdho. mAM svaccha rAjataMtra sthApavAnuM kAma potAnA hAtha dharyuM avuM vizALa sAmrAjya agAu kaI rAjavIe saMbhALyuM Ama hIsTeyasane putra DAyasa rAjAtha. DarAyasane na hatuM. enA jevuM mahArAjya pachI paNa itihAsamAM jovA rAjA tarIke pasaMda karavAmAM AvyuM. e hakIkata mAM koI zaMkA maLyuM nathI. A sAmrAjyanuM madhya bindu IrAna hatuM. pUrva nathI. upara jaNAvelA. hIsTananA khaDaka para DAyase jAte e taraphae IrAnanA akhAta sudhI laMbAyu hatuM. pazcimamAM zilAlekha karAvyuM che ne temAM A vigata AlekhelI che. yuropamAM mekeniyA sudhI te pahoMcyuM hatuM. vAyavya bhAratamAM eTale Aje ApaNe bhArapUrvaka kahI zakIe chIe ke e cheka sidhu vistaryuM hatuM. emAM vividha prakAranAM loko hatA. citra IrAnanA mahArAja DarAyasanuM ja che. dasa baMDakhora vividha saMskRtinuM saMmizraNa hatuM. eziyA mAInoramAM rAjavIo emane caraNe namI rahyA che. navarAjavI ene AyAniyana vasAhatomAM grIka hatA. atyAranAM dakSiNa raziyAnAM gaLe doraDA vIMTI eka bIjA sAthe bAMdhelA che. emanA hAtha enA jaMgalI thiI ane hatA. e samagra mayadAnamAM ghUmatA. emanI pITha pAchaLa bAMdhelA che. dasame baMDakhAra rAjavI vadhAre sAmrAjayamAM aneka bhASAo belAtI. enA mahAna nagarane vinamra che ene DarAyasane sASTAMga daMDavata praNAma karate saMkhyAbaMdha gAmomAM vividha dharmo pALatA. judA judA devatA batAvyo che. DarAyase pitAne DAbe paga enAM gaLA para enAM pUjana thatA. pazucAraNopajIvI mAno chAvaNIomAM mUke che. che. bAjunAM zipamAM baLavAnI vigate ApelI che. paNa rahetA. A badhA pradezamAM page cAlIne ke ghoDe savAra jUnI irAnI suzIyanamAM elAITa tathA bIleniyana bhASAmAM thaIne ja pravAsa karI zake e e samaya hate. e traNa rIte lakhelI che. emAM merIlanuM nAma bADiyA ane daMbhInuM nAma gotama ApavAmAM AvyuM che. vAta badhI eTale kaI ranA vikendrita rAjyataMtranI AvazyakatA ja maLatI Ave che hatI. DAyasa evuM rAjyataMtra sthApI zakayA. A kArya ghaNuM ja virATane vikaTa hatuM. sAyarasane kombIsasa sthAyI tyAre kesIe ArDiyAne mArI nAMkhyo tyAre le ne Take evuM kAMika rAjataMtra sthApavA zakitamAna na hatuM. yAte khabara nahotI. pachI kesIsa IjIpta gayAne avasAna pAmavA. temane pUrato samaya maLe na hato. paraMtu DarAyane emanuM eTale leke virUdhdha thaI gayA pachI gaumata nAmanA eka AdareluM ne adhuruM mukeluM kArya pUruM karyuM. mULa Izana rAjamANase leke AgaLa kheDI rajuAta karI huM sAyarasanA kartAonuM nivAsa sthAna hatuM. eTale tyAMnuM taMtra alaga dIkare bADiza chuM, kesIsano bhAI chuM eTale badhAM lo hatuM. bAkInA sAmrAjyane prAMtomAM vahecI nAkhavAmAM AvyA. e baLavo karyo. kembIsIsane pakSa choDI bArDi AnA pa IrAnI bhASAmAM prAMta satraya kahevAtA. ameniDa vaMzanAM gayA. gautama IrAna, mIDIAne bIjo prAnta pitAne kabaje mahAna kuTuMbanA nabIrAone AvA mahattvanAM prAMtamAM rAjya karI lIdhA. gaumatane gAdI parathI dUra kare e koI rAjakuTuM pAla yA savapa tarIke nImavAmAM AvatA. bAkInAM prAMtamAM bI pATanagaramAM hatuM nahIM'. leke enA jumathI gabharAtA. sAmAnya janatAmAMthI satrapAnI pasaMdagI thatI emAM garIba paraMtu gaumata viruddha koI eka harapha paNa uccArI zakatA nahIM. cA tavaMgara IrAna ke jItAmelA pradezo vacce bhedabhAva rAkhavAmAM Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 453 Avate nahi Asatra mahArAjAnI IcchA hoya tyAM sudhI elekajhAnDare enA vinAzane AraMbha karyo hato. tyAre te kAryavAhI bajAvatA. keTalAka to jIvanabhara satrane hoddo e zilpa tAjA hatAM e kevA bhavya lAgatA haze ? enA bhegavatA. bhavya raMge camakI uThatA. enA para mUlyavAna bharatakAma vALA paraMtu A satra paNa potAnA prAMtamAM phAve te karavA gAlAcA khUlatA DerAnA darabAranAM vIra puruSane sehAmaNI svataMtra na hotA. emane to divAnI kArabhAra, nAMNAtaMtra, ne 5 mahilAonAM e zi95 hatAM. nyAyataMtra, ja saMbhALavAnA hatA. prAMtiya lazkarane eka senA ghaNAM varSothI A pradezanuM khedakAma cAlu che abhUta dhyakSa rahetA e saMpUrNa rIte kendrane javAbadAra hatA dareka camakA prakAzamAM AvyA che. samrATanAM a:: purane mahela satrapamAM eka kedriya rAjamaMtrI rahetA. e paNa sIdhA zodhI kADhavAmAM AvyuM che. paraMtu tene khUNe khUNe mUkelI kendrane ja javAbadAra hatA. satrapanI pratyeka 'mAhitInI e bhavya pratimAo vadhu AkarSaka che. AvI takatIo pAMca cha kendrane khabara pUrI pADato. phuTa uMcI ne hajAra phuTa lAMbI che. rAjamahelanA dAdarAo moTe bhAge bhASA, kAnUna, rivAjane dhArmika paraMparAmAM e gAra che A zi9mAM samrATa pAse khaMDaNI laI prajAnI irachAne ja mAna ApavAmAM AvatuM. samakAlIna ane AvatA elacIo dAkhavyA che. kevuM vivedha ToLuM eka pachInAM sAmrAjya karatAM IrAnI sAmrAjya A bAbatamAM thaeluM dekhAya che ? emAM lIDIAnA uMcA sADaane che. vadhu udAra hatuM. DAyasa ane irAnI zAhI kuTuMba jarathurIne jAnavaro para savAra che. hAthamAM DhAla ane bhAlA che. bhUjhI dharma pALatA. jharathustrInAM Adeza mAnatA. arvAcIna pAra- sthAnamAM rAzIo che ekanAM hAthamAM siMhaNa che. bIjA enAM o e dharma pALI rahyA che. paraMtu bIjA dharmo pratye baccAM hAthamAM rAkhI rahyA che UMcI UMcI TopIomAM saMpUrNa rAhimaJtA dAkhavavAmAM AvatI. grIka Airakane zobhatA turkastAnanA sithiyane che. vAMkaDiyA dADhIvALA sIrIAniyAnA zaheramAM saMpUrNa svataMtratA hatI. e pAta- ane che. hAlanAM aphaghAnistAnanA vAsIo nIcethI sAMkaDA pitAnuM amaryAda cintana karI zakatA. ne uparathI pahoLA pAyajAmA paDa relAne phAMTa dorI AvatA sAmAnya janatAnI paristhiti paNa IrAnI sATe nI batAvelA che. Ama samrATa DarAyanI vividha prajAnAM ApaNe kAraki." i. (myAna agAnA purAtana kALa karatAM ghaNI sArI A 9ipamAM saMpUrNa darzana thAya che. sauthI vadhAre suMdara hatI satra pene kArabhAra julamI hatuM evuM mAnavAnuM kAMI ja zi95 DarAyasanuM potAnuM che. e suvA siMhAsana para virAkAraNa nathI. 9.DAI te bIlakula baMdha thaI gaI hatI. rAja- jevA che. eka hAthamAM rAjadaMDa che. bIjA hAthamAM kamala che. mArgone naukAmAM parathI cAMciyAne lUMTArUone nAza karavA DAyasa uttama rAjakartA hatA. vIraddho paNa hato. mAM AvyA hatA. leke sAmrAjayanAM eka cheDAthI bIjA rAjagAdI para AvatAM ja emane sithiyA para AkramaNa karavuM cheDA sudhI salAmatIthIne pU. svataMtratAthI pravAsa karI paDayuM hatuM. eza emaNe uttara sarahada salAmata karI hatI. zakatA. zrI pravAsIo jJAna prAptine sAhasa mATe sarvatra heDIene pUla banAvI emaNe DAkenDasanI khADI oLaMgI dhUmatA. emanI saMskRti sarvatra phelAvatA. calaNa paddhati dAkhala hatI. sAta lAkhanuM sainya utArI cheka LA sudhI te pahoMcyA karI. vyApAra rojagAra saraLa banAvavAmAM AvyA. hatA. hatA. pachI emane pAchA vaLavuM paDyuM hatuM. pAchA pharatA DarAyanAM nAma parathI cikakhI suvarNa mudrAne "rIka' kahevAmAM esI hajAra raunike mRtyu pAmyA hatA. isvIsana pUrve AvatI bhagnimAM e madhya pUrvane "sorIna' banya, kara 498mAM A niyAnA emanA grIka prajAjanoe baLave verAnA bIjathI prajAjanI ke TALatA para pharavA nI pokAryo hato. yuropanI taLabhUminA yurapiyana Ansane nIyamita hatA karaverA bharAI jAya pachI koIne kAMi rAte grIka zaherone amane Teko hatA. paraMtu e baLavAne majabUta kanaNuta karavAmAM AvatI hatI. lazkarI sevA pharajiyAta hatI. hAthe dAbI devAmAM AvyuM hatuM. paraMtu IrAnI lazkare AthensamAM eTale aNagamatI lekhAtI. paraMtue yuvAnane mAthe ja para AkramaNa karyuM tyAre AthIniyanee emane parAjya hatI. vaLI zAhI thAyI lazkara ghaNuM nAnuM hatuM A ha IsvI sana pUrve 490nI sAlamAM vizva vikhyAta Ama rAjIvaTa ba2bara thALe pADyA pachI DarAse mereDAnanuM nirNAyAtmaka yuddha khelAyuM hatuM. grIkano pATha pAta nuM da dhAna vadhAre bhagya yojanAo prati kendrita karyuM. paDhAvavA DAyasa punaH gamavara ronya ekaThuM karI rahyo hato ziyALu pATanagara muzAmAM eka bhavya rAjamahela bAMdhavAmAM tyAM ivI rana pUrve 48 mAM temanuM avasAna thayuM parase AvyuM. paraMtu para polIsa AgaLa bAMdheluM IrAnI rAjavI polIsa para chAyA karatA khaDaka para emanI samAdhI racavAmAM enuM grISmasadana ane kyAMya TapI jatuM parase polIsane AvI che. Aje paNa zilAlekha vaMcAya che. "DarAyasa mahArAjA grIka irAnIonuM nagara enAM khaMDiyero Aje paNa ghaNAM samrATona samrATa, vividha prajAono zahena zAha A virATa ja AkarSaka che. ivI sana pUrve 330 nI sAlamAM maDAna vidhane cakrava." Jain Education Interational

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454 speziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 M. V. M. KOBAYASHI (PVT.) LTD. Manufacturers & Exporters of All Metal Reeds, Steel Reeds, Warping Reed Striking Comb, Reed Cleaning Stone, Reed Oil, Shuttle Jawes, Shuttle Tongue. M. V. M. TRANSISTORISED CLOCK INDUSTRIES. Manufacturers of Balanu Type transistorised Clocks. A. K. INDUSTRIES Manufacturers & Exporters of Steel Weaving Drop Wires of various types Perforated Steel and Brass strips Steel and Rubber Temple Rollers, Beaming Papers & All Types of Shuttles & Shuttle Tips Metallic Eyes and Back Springs etc. Administrative Office : 74, Nagindas Master Road, Fort, Bombay-1. Phones 256649, 259823, 259828 Telegrams. Bombay "TARLIKA Jain Education Intemational GANDHI GROUP OF INDUSTRIES AMZEL RECD OFFICE Over 40 years of marketing experience in Exide Batteries Addison Paints * Auto & Industrial Bushings Air-conditioners Refrigerators Radios Telerad T. V. Stereo Amplifiers & other electrical appliances. 95-K, Oomer Park B. Desai Road, BOMBAY. 400036 Tel; 361421. Private Limited. Factories : *19, Mahatma Gandhi Road, UDHNA (Surat ). Phone: 8104 15/16 Mahatma gandhl Road, hinra (Surat) Phone: 88533 L. B. Marg. Ghatkopar. Bombay-86 Phone: 582338 8533 BRANCHES 12-B. Sadhu Vaswani Roid; POONA-1. Tel: 24925. Pulsara Bungalow Station Road, NASIK CITY. Tel: 4047. Nusser House Mama Parmanand Marg, BOMBAY. 400004. Tel: 351416. SALES OFFICE 6, Janta House PANAJI (Goa) Tel: 2017.

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smRti saMdarbha baMdha 455 amitA graMthanA yAjakone hArdika abhinaMdana Grani EVERINDCO phona . ophisa 23635 phana : resI. 26701 evaresTa InDasTrIyala koraporezana mIlasTora maracanTa enDa kamIzana ejanTa eraMDA hola, kapAsIyA bajAra, amadAvA-2 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 grAma : " svastika phona na. 441 dhI mIkenIkala ejInIyarIMga varkasa gaNudevA reDa, bIlImorA menyuphekacararsa :eIla-ejIna, meMglerI naLiyA banAvavAnI mazInarI : plAsTIka ijekazana mAlDIMga mazIna tathA piparama lasugaramIla kemIkasa phekaTarIne lagatA kAmakAja, leDa lAyanIMga, leDa beDIMga tathA phAunDarsa ane veDarsa- Jain Education Intemational

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[14] caMdragupta maurya hAra 5 lA e elacIe potAne enuM jhINavaTa bhAga che bhAratamAM samrATo ghaNA thayA che. paraMtu emAMnA ghaNA meLavavA prayatna karyA vinA jaMpyA nahi. emAMnA eka selyukharA paradezI hatA. madhya eziyAnA megala samrATothI mAMDI kase puna: sidhu oLaMgI paraMtu caMdragupta ene sakhata cheka vIsamI sadInA mahArANI vikaTorIyA sudhI badhA ja parAjaya Apyo. pariNAme ghaNA prAMta caMdraguptane seMpavAmAM samrATonAM jAti, dharmane bhASA judAM hatAM. hindu prajAjane AvyA ne badalAmAM caMdragupta selyukasane pAMcaso hAthI sAthe kazuM ja sAmya na hatuM. A peTA khaMDanuM vadhAre kalyANa ApyA ane tenI putrIne patnI tarIke svIkArI. ke vadhAre nukasAna mogalee pahoMcADayuM ke mahArANI vikaTorIAe e prazna paNa carcAspada rahevAne. darekanAM mApadaMDa AvA prakAranI saMdhi sthAyI nivaDe che. sadbhAgye judA hovAthI ene vAstavika uttara nahi maLavAne Ama A saMdhi paNa sthAyI nivaDI. selyukase caMdraguptanA darabAra pAchalA samrATenI siddhi zaMkAspada che. jyAre 5 lA mAM megesthanisa nAmanA eka camatkArI paraSane mokalyA. samrATanI sidhdhi bIlakula carcAspada nathI. e samrATanuM nAma e elacIe pitAne pUrva bhAratamAM thayelA anubhavo nedhyA. caMdragupta maurya, bhAratanI bhUgoLane saMsthAonuM jhINavaTa bharyuM varNana AlekhyuM ! atyAre megesthanIsanI che te aprApya che isvIsana pUrve 321 thI 296 sudhI pacIsa varSa paraMtu bIjA lekhakee enA lIdhelAM avataraNo parathI sudhI caMdragupta rAjya karyuM. pitAne kauTumbika vaMza sthApyo. caMdraguptanAM gALAmAM bhAratanI paristhiti kevI hatI ene mauryavaMza hastImAM Avyo tyArathI bhAratIya itihAsa spaSTa ApaNane spaSTa khyAla maLI rahe che. samae a che. tyAra pachInI tavArIkhamAM kaika artha che. atyAra sudhI rAjavI hatA. ghAtakI paNa kahI zakAya, paraMtu temaNe sthApelA vividha TakaDAomAM vaheMcAyelA vizALa pradeza eka sAmrAjya maurya vaMza pachI be hajAra varSa bAda AvelA megala samAro mAM saMgaThita thayo. karatAM emaNe ghaNI ja kuzaLatAthI rAjya karyuM. mogalanA A gALAno bhAratIya itihAsa puro pADanAra traNa samayamAM zAhI mahelana raIA paNa lazkarI hatA. evA : lazkaravAda chatAM megalene yurapI ane AkramaNa jayAre AvyuM prAptisthAne che. mahAna elekajhAnDara sAthe grIka leka AvyAM ane pitAnA para paDelI bhAratanI chApa AlekhI. caMdraguptanA tyAre namatuM jokhavuM paDyuM. paraMtu caMdraguptane mesIDananI sarvoparitA phagAvI detAM bIlakula vAra lAgI nahotI eTale putra azoke kotarAvelA lAMbA zilAlekhe ane caMdraguptanA ja e ghaNo jaza khATI gayuM che. enI pAse susajaja sainya mahAmaMtrI kauTilya lakhele graMtha. emAM sAmrAjyane vahIvaTa hatuM khUbaja vikAsa pAmelI divAnI rAjya vyavasthA hatI. kevI rIte cAlate te AlekhavAmAM AvyuM che. enAM moTAM sAmajyane e saMpUrNa kAbumAM rAkhI zakatA hatA. arvAcIna bhAratanA bihAra prAMtamAM AveluM magadhanuM rAjya caMdragupta enA chellA rAjA pAsethI AMcakI lIdhuM mauya samATanuM pATanagara hatuM, pATalIputra arvAcIna hatuM. ema kahevAya ke caMdragupta e rAjAne dAsIputra hatuM. paTaNA jayAM AveluM che. enI najIka gaMgA-DhI ne sona nadInAM game tema paNa rAjyamAM AMtarika baMDa jagAvI neja rAjyane saMgama para AvelI paTTI para e vistaryuM hatuM. Ama ene kabaje levAmAM AvyA hatA. sAthe sAthe caMdragupta manhAna naisargika bacAva sulabha hate. e trikoNa AkAramAM patharAyeluM sakaMdara siMdhunA mULa AgaLa je sainya mUkato gayo hato tenA hatuM. enI be bAju saritA pravAha vahI rahyo hate. asala para paNa AkramaNa karyuM. isvIsana 323 mAM elekajhAnDaranuM pATanagaranAM khaMDiyero hAlanAM paTaNAne bAMkIpura nIce bebIlenamAM avasAna thayuM. eTale tenA anugAmI para A daTAyelAM paDyAM che. saritAnA pravAha paNa palaTAyA che chatAM AkramaNa karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. ne temAM caMdraguptane vijaya ApaNe asala saritAtaTe ApaNe pArakhI zakIe chIe. thaye. mesiDeniyana sainyane parAjya ApavAmAM Avyo. eTale epArAnAM khaMDiyero ne zahera ne pharatI lAkaDAnI divAlanAM caMdragupta bhAratanA samrATa tarIke siMhAsana para virA. edhANe hajI paNa najare paDe che. e duganI divAla para ene sAcI etihAsika vyaktiomAM prathama lekhavAmAM pa70 bura hatA. ne cesaTha khUbaja rakSAyalAM pravezadvAra hatAM. Ave che. caMdraguptanuM nivAsasthAna pattharane lAkaDAnuM bAMdheluM caMdragupta sIkaMdaranA kabajAne bhAratanA pradeze hasta- mahAlaya hatuM. tyAMthI e sAmrAjyanI rAjyadhUrA saMbhALa vAta karyA. paraMtu sIkaMdaranA anugAmIoe pradeza pAchA enA AgalA staMbhe sene maDhelAM hatA. keTalAka cAMdIthI Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 457 che, te. maDhelA paNa hatA. ene pharate vizALa rAjagRhadhAna hatA daMtazaLa upara lekhaMDI khIlAvALuM AvaraNa rahetuM. be zastra emAM saMkhyAbaMdha kaMDe ne vRkSe hatA. caMdragupta haMmezAM sajaja sainike enA mahAvata tarIke kAma karatA. emanA hAtha senAnI pAlakhI mAM ke suvachAdita hastI para virAjI nIcenA aphasaro be ke cAra azvothI joDAyelA ratha upara darabAra mAM AvatA. emanAM vastromAM bArIkamAM bArIka sutara savArI karatA. pAyadaLa emanuM rakSaNa karatuM. caMdraguptanA mAMthI vaNelAM hatAM enA para mulyavAna bharatakAma karavAmAM che sainyamAM trIsa hajAra azvasavAre, ATha hajAra ra; ne nava phUTa lAMbI beThaka para emanI bhejana sAmagrI suvarNapAtramAM hajAra hAthI hatA. badhuM ja pUruM zistrabadhdha hatuM. emanA pIrasAtI samrATanuM AgavuM anta : pura paNa hatuM. emano pagAra mATe koi jamIna jAgIra apAtI nahi. samrATanA rAjamahela zastra dhArI paricArikAo sAcavatI. rAjyakaSamAMthI sIdho ja pagAra apAto eTale selyukasathI mAMDI sarahada prAMtanA tamAma rAjavIone parAjIta karatAM hindu dharma mRgayAne protsAhana nathI. Apa chatAM ene bIlakula muzkelI paDI na hatI. kauTilya saraphuda paranA caMdraguptanA be mahAna anugAmIo mRgayA mATenAM khAsa . pratyeka rAjavIne zatru lekhatA. upavana dharAvatA. aMgata upayoga mATe zikAranAM jagale paNa anAmata rAkhavAmAM AvyAM hatAM azoke jyAre bauddhadharma AvA virATa sainyane vahIvaTa arvAcIna paddhatti svI tyAreja eNe mRgayA para pratibaMdha mUkyo hate. pramANe hato. rAjyamAM mukhya yudha kAryAlaya rahetuM. emAM naukA sainya vAhana vyavahAra, puravaThA, pAyadaLa, hayadaLa, rathane antara uparAMta nRtyAMganAonuM eka vRda paNa hAthIe dareka mATe judAM judAM vibhAgIya khAtAM pramANe samrATanI sevAmAM rahetuM: A nRtyAMganA e nRtyu karatI karmacArIo kAma karatA. sainikonI daza dazanI eka TukaDI eTaluM ja nahi paNa kulamAlAe gUMthatI. gharakAma saMbhALatI banatI. e sainikenI maMDaLIne hajAra sainikonI yuddha maMDaLI ne rAjakAraNamAM paNa bhAga letI. mAtA harI jevI keTalIka banAvavAmAM AvatI. nRtyAMganAo pravRttimaya bhayaMkara guptacara tarIke paNa sevA bajAva . AvA sainya taMtra pramANe zastra saraMjAma paNa vipUla hate. pratyeka hAthI para mahAvata uparAMta traNa bANAvaLIo mahAna rikaMdarano prabhAva bhArata para jhAjho paDyo nahato besatA. pratyeka rathamAM cAlAka uparAMta bIjA be sainiko rahetA. je kAMI prabhAva paDe have te paNa apAyuSI nIvaDyuM hatuM dareka bhAlAthI sajaja rahetA. pAyadaLa, kRpALu, bhAle, dhanadhyane caMdraguptanuM pazcimanuM paMjAbanuM sAmrAjya IrAnI sAmrAjyanI DhAla dhAraNa karatA. pratyeka manuSyane pratyeka prANI lekhaMDI pala dhArane sparzatuM tethI ghaNA irAnA rItIvAje paNa kavacathI rakSAyeluM rahetuM. bhAratamAM pracalita thayA hatA keTaleka sthaLe agnipUjA paNa thatI. tabIbI sAravAranI sevA paNa vipUla hatI. samrATa caMdragupta emanA sAmrAjyanA saramukhatyAra ATaluM badhuM sAvadhAna saMpanna sainya hovA chatAM rAjavI hatA. chatAM kauTilyanA arthazAstra pramANe rAjyataMtra caMdragupta hamezAM amAtya kauTilyanI salADu sUcanA pramANe sacinI salAha maMtraNA pramANe cAlatuM. ekacakrI zAsana ja vartatA. kAvAdAvA, guptacara, ghere ne AkramaNane zatrunAM kadI lAMbu Take nahi. eTale samrATe sacivo nImavA joIe prajAjanone jItI levAM e pAMca keIpaNa duga para vijaya ane temanI salAha sAMbhaLavI, kauTilyanA eja graMthamAM meLavavA Avazyaka aMge hatAM ! ullekha che ke samrATa cAla sacinI salAha lIdhA vinA caMdragupta pAtAnuM rAjyataMtra "daMDanIti' pramANe calAkaI paNa kAma karatA nahi. vatA. najIvAmAM najIvA aparAdha mATe sakhatamAM sakhata sajA karavAmAM AvatI. keI saraLatAthI guno kabula na karI de - kedavAra caMdragupta svataMtra pagaluM bharI che. te paraMtu tenA para trAsa paNa gujAravAmAM Ave. moTe bhAge tema thatuM nahi. ghaNI kharI vAtomAM e potAnuM dhANa karAvI zakata paranta e paNa samajatA aha virodha paraMtu trAsane te e jamAno hato eTale bhAratane ubho kare sAro nahi. pariNAme padabhraSTa thavAne vAro Ave prathama samrATa sarvottama samrATa gaNI zakAya. emanuM avasAna ke keI hatyA kare. eka zayana khaMDamAM be rAtrIthI vadhAre paNa evuM ja bhavya hatuM. saMta bhadrabAhue bhaviSya bhAkhyuM sUto nahi ne bapore te kadI ArAma karatA nahi. hatuM. enA rAjyamAM bAra varSa lAMbe duSkALa paDaze ghaNA mANase yamazaraNa thaze. eTale dakSiNanA phaladrupa pradezamAM emanuM majabuta sainya cAra prakAranuM hatuM. pAyadaLa, hijharata karI gayA vinA chUTako nathI. paraMtu A bhaviSyavANI hayadaLa, rathasenA ne hastisenA. senAdhyakSa yudhakhera hAthI mAnavA keI taiyAra na hatuM. paraMtu jyAre e bhaviSyavANI para virAjate e hasti para lekhaMDI kavaca rahetuM. enA sAcI paDavAnI pratIti thaI tyAre caMdragupta samayanI mahattA Jain Education Intenational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA-bhAga-2 pramANa rAjyapadane tyAga karyo. emanI prajA ghaNI ja aka- pUrve 185mAM sannATa brahayamane emanA ja senAdhyakSe haNI LAmaNa anubhavI rahI. paNa caMdragupta dakSiNa tarapha hijharata nAkhyA hatA. ne maurya vaMzane aMta AvyuM. caMdraguptane karI janAranA amaNI banyA. sau koIne hijharatamAM sAmela majabUta hAtha rahaye nahi eTale sAmrAjyanA patanane paNa thavA vinavaNI karI. Azcarya cakita thaI keTalAka emane AraMbha thaye. pachI bhAratano itihAsa sekaDo varSo sudhI anusaryA ne je hijharata karI gayA e bacI gayA. emanI aMdhAdhuMdhI bharyo aMdhakAra yuga rahayo. cheka IsvIsana cethA hijharata pachI samagra pradeza para kAramAM duSkALanA oLA pharI raukA mAM pharI pAchuM gupta sAmrAjya astitvamAM AvyuM. vaLyA. bIjA caMdragupta e rAjyanI sthApanA karI. bhadrabAhunuM avasAna thayuM. eTale caMdragupta khUba ja | gupta sAmrAjya hindu saMskRtine suvarNa yuga ApI hatAza thaI gaye. khinnatA zAmAvavA e upavAsa para utaryA ne upavAsamAM ja Atmavilopana karyuM. gayuM paraMtu enuM paNa patana thayuM. pharI aMdhAdhudhI vyApI. dasamI sadImAM muslIma dhADAo uttara pradezamAMthI utarI sAmrAjya TakI rahyuM. duSkALanAM daza varSa pachI sArAM AvyA. teo paradezI islAma dharma lAvyA. bhArata bahAra varSo jevAne vAro Avyo. caMdraguptanA putra bindusA2 khalIphane sapAra mAnavA lAgyA musalIme AvyA te pahelAM rasAmrAjyanI dhUrA hAthamAM lIrI. je AkramaNakAro AvatA e bhAratano dharma aMgIkAra karI emaNe hatuM e karatAM paNa samrAjyane vadhu vistAra letA. paraMtu IslAmanA Agamana pachI e prakriyAne aMta karyo. sAmAnya chepUrva kinArAthI pazcima kinArA sudhI AvyA. islAma ekaja dharma che ema muslIme mAnatA. patharAI rahyuM. A virATa sAmrajya eNe potAnA putra azoka kAMte muslIma thAo agara te kala thAo e temanI nIti. ne sepyuM. azoke sAsrAjya viratAra para lakSya ApavAne hatI. caMdraguptanI daMDanIti thI sAva nirALI hatI. muslIme badale sAmrAjya saMgaThana ne kuzaLa vahIvaTa upara lakSya ApyuM. nI daMDa na ti para dhamI one dAbI devAnI hatI. pAchalA jIvanamAM e custa baudhamI banyuM. mRgayA para pratibaMdha mUko. tyAranI jANItI duniyAnA dezadezamAM pitAnA pachI thoDAka sudharelA mulImo AvyA bhAratIe pratinidhio mekalyA aneka devAlaye baMdhAvyA Aje paNa emane megela traNa mughala tarIke oLakhavA lAgyA. emanI e maurya vaMzanA mAraka tarIke hasti dharAve che. chatra chAyA nIce bhArata pharI AbAda thayuM. paraMtu caMdrayupta aka samrATa hovA chatAM jIvanabhara samrATo AvyA ne gayA paraMtu sauthI zreSTha samrATa to hatyArAnA bhoga banavAnI bhayathI pIDAtA rahayA. isvI sana pahele mATe ja hatA hatA. caMdragupta maurya. Phone : 295626 Grams : YESYESROD Telex : 011. 4235 METALLICA STEEL CORPORATION STOCKISTS OF : TOOI, & ALLOY STEELS, IRON & STEEL, STAINLESS STEEL & SEAMLESS PIPES. 15 ALLI CHAMBERS, TAMRIND LANE Dein Lane) Fort, Bombay-400001 Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha Dooooooocoooeeeeeeoecooo0000OOOoooooooooooooooooooooooos0000000000OSCOSO90000OOCOO00000 A. H. Bhiwandiwalla & Co. (Bombay) Pvt. Ltd. Sugar House Telephone 320541-42 99-95 Kazi Syed Street Bombay 400 003 Telex No, Oil-2721 Dealers in Sugar-Black Papers etc. Manufacturers :- Liners, Branches: Place Address Telephone Telex No. Madras............ 45 Anderson Street 22124 041-556 100 UOOOO909009SSOScooosscoceso900 SoccecoOOOecsececcecoseseecosocOCOCOGOCOSSOCCOCOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOoCocoey 2579 Alleppey (South India ) Calcutta-7... Gujarat Street. 2, Digamber Jain temple Rd. :ccccceos.coscoccccccceescoccoCOCOCOSCocoecececosscocecereoscoooOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO00000000000cc900000000OOGSocco 331879 333782 021-7036 285 Shree Rampu, nagar ....... (Dist-Ahmednagar) Bangalore 8, old tharagupet. Kozhikode (South India) Big Bazar. 22732 043-362 084-236 (4097 2249 (2602 4102 Bhavnagar Cochin-2 (South India) Dana pith. Mattancherry. Gopal street 24745 046-236 Cananonore-1 907 Dajipura 36 M/s Precision Lihers Wadhwan city (Gujarat State) 9990oooooooseoscoecocesaDeOOOOOOoooheo6c0@@SOCOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 TIT: With Best Compliments From Phone : Office. 23439 Resi. 77031 Gram : "SCRAPYARD " New Industrial SCRAP TRADERS CLD IRON MERCHANT & COMMISSION AGENT. Mangal las Comp. Outsid: Debli Gate Dudheshwar Road, AHMEDABAD-I. India ). Gram : " PROCEKING" Phone : 314139 Navinchandra Dhirajlal avInakumAra ramaNIkalAla (31414 ) Always Insist on MAFATLAL GROUP (f Mills Varieties T. C. Suiting 151 BA T. C. Suiting 401 L's T. C. Poplin 888 B/ T. C. Poplin 44 I Col Kings Wear Poplin A***** Hit 643, Dwarkesh Gali Mulji Jetha Market Bombay-2. High Light-Poplin Jain Education Intemational

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[15] azoka nairUtya sarahada sivAya samagra bhAratane e sArvabhauma sattA azeka bhAratanA mahAna rAjyakartAomAM sau prathama paurANika ne daMtakathAnA dhummasamAMthI dhIza bane. enA putra bindusAre potAnA vIsa varSanA rAjyakALa daramiyAna pitAe saMpAdana kareluM saghaLuM sAcavI bahAra AvanAra prathama vyakti. bhAratanA eka khUNethI bIje khUNe eNe saMkhyA baMdha khaDako rAkhyuM. ne staMbha para kotarakAma karI eka ajoDa zreNI daMtakathA kahI jAya che ke bindusArane se saMtAno vikasAvI. nyAyane pavitratA, namratAne mAnavatA. hatA. ne azake siMhAsana prApti mATe navvANunI katala karI dharma ne udAratAnA purakartA tarIke e mazahura hatI. A daMtakathAmAM jhAjhuM vajuda nathI. paraMtu eka vAta bane. pazubalino yukiriza paNa AkAya lIdhA nakkI che ke bindusAra nI rAjagAdI mATe saMgharSa ubho thayo vinA mAnava jIvananI pavitratamAM aNa vizvAsa ho. azokane tenA bha I zuzimAM vacce vArasA yuddha khelAyuM dAkhavI eka mahAna sAmrAjya sarakyuM hoya ne hatuM. paraMtu aoka mATe jema ghaNuM kharuM grAhya nathI. tema saphalatAthI vikasAvyuM hoya evo samartha samrATa A paNa khoTuM hoI zake. paraMtu prAcIna bhAratIya samra TomAM vizvanA itihAsamAM zethya nahi jaDe. e azoka viSenAM mazahara zilAlekho ne maukhika boddha praNAbauddha dhamI sATe bauddha dharmamAM je zreSTha likAothI sArAmAM sArI taravANI kADhI zakIe tema chIe. to hatAM e saghaLAM potAnA sAmrAjyamAM chatAMya kevaLa hAle sivAya bIjo koI lekhIta purA pacAvyAM. ema karatAM e to samagra pUrva aprApta hAthI DuMka ja nizcita paNe svIkArI zakAya. jagatamAM ene pracAra karyo. UMDAM zANapaNuM isvIsananI aDhAramI sadImAM jyAre aMgrejoe bhAratanA bhavya tathA dhyAne cAritrya balathI pote je karyuM prAcIna itihAsamAM rasa levA mAMDe tyAre te samayanA tethI nahi paNa pite te hato tethI vizvanA bhAratIomAM yayuga ne azoka viSe kAMI ja jJAna dRSTimahukhAnAnI prathama hAlamAM mUkAI gaye. geca thatuM nahi e eka camatkArI hakIkata che. ra zoka siMhAsana Dha Na e sAla IsvIsana pUrve prAcInane madhya yugamAM bhAratIya itihAyo zreNI baMdha ra73 lAbha svIkArI zakAya cAra varSa pachI ene rItasara yuga palaTA nihALyA che. mahAna sphoTaka bele ubhAM thayAM, no rAjyArohaNa vidhi karavAmAM AvyA. caMdraguptanA darabAra bhAratanAM virATa pradeza para hakumata calAvI, baDapathI adazya mAM megesthinisa ki 2 lacI hato enI noMdha pramANe thayAM che. prajAne lAMbA gALAnI asthira AMdhA dhUdhImAM ane pATalIputranA taMtramAM kendrita thayeluM ghaNuM saMkucita 1 9tAM rahyAM che. Aje ApaNane enI purI mAhitI paNa rAjayataMtra maLyuM. A sivAyanuM sAmrAjya be vibhAgamAM sAMpatI nathI. pahelI sphaTika zakita mI e dAkhavI. isvI vaheMcAyeluM hatuM. uttara bhAratamAM takSazilA ne madhyabhArata mAM sana pUrve bIlane vIjA saikAmAM pATanagara pATalI putrane ujayinI ekavAra azoka pote paNa takSazilA rAjyapAla kendramAM rAkhI sAmrAjya jamAvyAM. emAM ramI rAmatkArI hatA. sAmrAjya nI sarahado bAMdhatAM sthAnika vahIvaTamAM koI samrATa hato. azoka. 'paNa prakAranI Dakhala karavAmAM AvatI nahi. paraMtu koI sthaLe IsvIsana pUrve 327mAM plAna sikaMdare uttara pazcima a dhAdhUdhI vAgI jAya to tene dAbI devA virATa ne bhArata kabaje karyuM. IsavIsana pUrve 323 mAM ekajhAnDaranuM vyavasthita zAhIsenA haMmezAM kaTIbadhdha rahetI. avasAna thayuM. enA eka senAdhyakSa selyuka nikaTare rAjakAlanAM pahelAM thoDAM varSo te azoka anya rAja AmAM moTo bhAga potAne kabaje karI lIdhe elekajhAnDare vIo pAse e yugamAM jevI AzA rAkhI zakAya tevIja rIte sara karelI pazcima sarahada upara ja ene kAbu asara kAraka vahIvaTa calAvato rahyo. bhavya darabAra bharAtA. saramukhatyAranI rahyo bAkIno bhAga magadha sAmrAjyamAM pAchA bhaLI gaye. tyAre Dhabe rAjyataMtra cAlatuM salAha sUcana ke vAMdhAvacakAthI rAjavI ene sukAnI hate caMdragupta. prathama morya samrATa, rokanA akaLAte nahi, e zikAra khelatA : mahephila uDAvato nejage A pitAmahunAM mULa zodhavA muzkela che paraMtu magadhanA caDhato zAhI rasoDA mATe hajAre pazuone vadha karavAmAM rAjavIne e dAsI putra haze. ema kahI zakAya e paNa vAta AvatA zAhI mugayAkhelA avAranavAra jAtAM. tyAre nakakI che ke phakata vIsa ja varSamAM bhAratanI cheka dakSiNa ne pazusaMhAra thatuM e to judo. Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 parantu azokane kaMga eDavAnI taka ghaNI ochI rahevA paraMtu bauddha sAdhu tarIke dIkSA lIdhA pachI te emaNe pAmI hatI. enA pitA mahe bhAratano lagabhaga badhe ja baudhdhadharma nuM saMpUrNa paNe pAlana karavA mAMDayuM, pavitratA; bhAga jItI lIdhuM hatuM. paraMtu enA rAjyakAlanA navamA yathArtha jIvanane nItino svIkAra karyo. emanA dilamAM dharmanuM varSamAM azoka kaliMga sara karavAno vicAra karyo. arvAcIna kevuM citra hatuM te ApaNe zilA lekhe parathI maLI zakIe orissA prAMta enuM madhya bindu azokane vijaya te maLe chIe. emanA dharma palaTA pachI pahele ja zilAlekha paraMtu hatyAkAMDa eTale to bhISaNa nIvaDe hatyAnA pariNAme emaNe ketarAvyo emAM dharmano saMpUrNa sArAMza AvI jAya rogacALo phATI nIkaLe. azokanA eka zilAlekha pramANe eka che. emaNe potAnA khaMDiyA rAjAo, rAjyapAla ne prAnta lAkha sainikonI katala thaIne doDha lAkha sainike keda pakaDyA. dhikArIone dhaSarA karI : azokanA mAnasa para A hatyA kAMDanI ghaNI ja gherI "pavitratA : zANApaNuM : ne mAtA pitAnuM AjJApAlana asara paDI. aNadhAryAne saMpUrNahadaya palaTAmAM pariNamI dama- sArI vAta che. mitre, oLakhitA, sagAMvahAlAM,ne brAhmaNe skasanA bhAga paranA dazyathI solane je asara thaI hatI ne tathA sAdhuo prati udAratA paNa AvakArya che. pravitra jIvanahRdaya palaTo AvyA hatA. tethI ja aNadhAryo ne gaMbhIra A ne Adara IcchanIya che. vANIne karmamAM atizayatA ne hiMsAne palaTo lekhI zakAya teramA zilAlekhamAM azoke AlekhyuM che tyAga Avazyaka che. kaliMganA vijayathI nAmadAra samrATane ghaNo ja pazcAtApa sArAMzamAM pavitra jIvana brAhmaNe ne sAdhuone thayo che. agAu vaNajItAyelA pradeza paranA vijaya AkramaNamAM ullekha che e khAsa noMdha karavA jevuM che. kaliMgayuddha pahelAM hatyAne mRtyunI saMkhyAne pAra rahe nahi. eTalA ja sainiko zAhI rasoDAmAM je besumAra pazuhatyA thatI e have baMdha keda pakaDAya tethI samrATane ghaNuM ja duHkha thayuM che ne e prAya karavAmAM AvI. eka divasamAM be mera ne eka haraNa mAravA zcita Icche che." ghaNA samrATonAM dila Ama DaMkhatAM haze nI ja chUTa apAI. parantu A jAhera kabulAta karavAnI ghaNuM ochAmAM naitika hiMmata hoya che. parantu azaka mATe to ethIye vadhAre camatkAra hato. nAmadAra samrATa priyadarzinanA zAhI raDAmAM kahI banAvavA ghaNuM pazuonI hatyA karavAmAM AvatI. A pavitra azoka vardhana emanuM kadAca pUruM nAma haze. ghaNAkharA zilAlekha ketarAya che tyAre mAtra be mora ne eka haraNaH zilAlekhamAM te emane priyadarzita tarIke ullekha che. prApta ema traNa ja pazaone roja mAravAmAM Ave che. haraNane vadha thayelA A nUtana jJAnanA pariNAme azake jhaDapathI ne saMcA- raja nathI thate A hatyA paNa bhaviSyamAM baMdha karavAmAM Avaze ! TatAthI pagalAM bharyA. pAchaLathI emaNe kevaLa pitAne ja mATe nahi paraMtu kaliMganA vijaya pachI turata ja azake boddha dharma tamAma prajajane ne pazahatyA mATe pratibaMdha karyo. kevaLa svIkAryo. prathama be varSa te kevaLa dRSTA tarIke ja vItyAM : meja khAtara pazahatyA te sadaMtara baMdha karavAmAM AvI. je upadeza devAto hato tenI enA upara jhAjhI asara varatAI vadhArAmAM nakakI karelA varSanA chappana divasa mAchalI pakaDavAnI nahi. paraMtu AraMbhanI zaMkAo jhaDapathI ogaLI gaI. ane mAgaLI gaI. ane paNa manAI pharamAvavAmAM AvI. be varSa pachI ghaNuM kharuM IsvIsana pUrve 260mAM emaNe bauddha dharmanI dIkSA lIdhI. dharmonAM pratyeka vratanuM pAlana karavA mAMDyuM ake brAhmaNa, sAdhuone yatio prati udAratAthI A vratothI emanA dunyavI vyavahAramAM kazeja aMtarAya na vartavA Adeza Apyo tethI emane dhArmika samanvayanA nahi. e samrATa hovA chatAM sAdhu banyA. mAtra jIvana vartAnane praNetA lekhavAmAM AvyA che. kadAca emanA Adezane e amuka niyame nakakI karI nAkhyA; eTaluM ja nahi azoka ethI atha dharI che, jethI artha ghaTAvavAmAM AvatA paNa haze paraMtu azakanA jamAnA paNa vadhAre AgaLa vadhyA. dharmanA badhA ja sidhAnta pote mA maleka mAM pratyeka dhArmika saMpradAya eka ja prakAranA jIvana tatvaapanAvyA eTaluM ja nahi paNa potAnA vizALa sAmrAjyamAM jJAnane vadhAvato pAchaLathI muslImane hindu ke preTesTaTa ne ene pracAra karyo. kethalika vacce je tirADa paDI e mahatvano bhedabhAva tyAre na hote dharmamAM evuM kazuM ja na hatuM je brAhmaNe ne cheka gauttama budhdha; enA sthApakaH nA jamAnAthI svIkArya na hoya pahelA be maurya samrATonA samayamAM bauddho baudha dharma hindudharmanI zAkhA ja lekhAtA hatA. paraMtu maurya prati damananIti karI AcaravAmAM AvI na hatI. paraMtu yugamAM e brAhmaNa dharma ane jainadharmanI hariphAI karI zakata purohita brAhmaNa varNanuM prajAmAM varcasva hatuM. e jamAnAma nahe kaliMganA hatyAkAMDathI ja azakanuM bauddhadharma prati brAhmANa ahaMbhAvI alagatAvAdI ne saMkucita mAnasa dharAAkarSaNa vadhyuM mAnava jIvananI pavitratA baudhadharma saMpUrNa vate. evuM mAnasa tyAgI devuM e azakanA Adezane dhvani rIte birada vate tethI azakane tenA prati khAsa Adara thayo. hate. ene ghaNAe dharma samanvaya mAnI lIdhuM che. Jain Education Intenational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha potAnA saghaLA prajAjanonA dilamAM dharma ati AvatuM tyAre paNa pitAnA aphasaro jarUra karatAM vadhAre bala thaI ya e mATe aoke vyavahAra pagalAM bharavA mAMDayAM. vApare to e hakIkata azoka vakhoDI kADhate, kaliMga pradezamAM dharma saMrakSakenI saMsthA ubhI karI. pratyeka sthaLe dharmanuM maLI AvelA eka zilAlekhamAM sarahada prAMtane vahIvaTa karatA AcAra e karavAmAM Ave che. ke nahi tenI nirIkSaNa yojanA aphasarone udeza eka lekha kotaravAmAM AvyuM che. e sarvocca sana hatuM. 'tamArA dharmanuM acUka pAlana kare. AdivAsI prajAmAM "yayugAntarathI dharma nirIkSakA nImavAnI prathA nathI vizvAsa utpanna karo. samrATa emanA pitA samAna che. samrATa paraMtu mArA rAjyakAlanA caudamA varSathI meM e prathA dAkhala pitAnI kALajI che samaya prajA samrATanAM saMtAna barAbara che." karI che. lokonA pratyeka saMpradAyamAM evA dharma pracAra ne khaMDiyA temaja sarahuThThI rAjyamAM zAnti pravate te prati dhyAna emano Adarza damana nahi paNa hadaya palyo hate. Apaze. gera vyAjabI jelavAsa ke zikSA aTakAvavAne temano potAnA prAMtiya aphasaronA dilamAM nItinuM dhoraNa khUbaja dharma che. antarA dUra karavAnuM ne damanI mukita apa. uMcuM hovuM joIe e hakIkata azoka Avazyaka mAnato. vAnuM temanuM kArya che kuTuMba moTuM hoya: Aphata sapaDAyuM paraMtu keTalIka evI paNa bAbata che ke jethI saphalatA hAya yA vRdhatvane Are ubhuM hoya tene sahAya karavAno azakaya banI jAya. IrSA, khaMtane abhAva kaDakAI adhIratA, temanI pharaja che. kAmagirIne abhAve, ALasa, pramAda Adi avaguNathI mukata azokanA rAjyakALanA AraMbhamAM sthAnika IlAkAnA rahevA pratyeka prajAjane prayatna karavo joIe. naitika mArgadarzana rAjyapAlane dara traNa yA pAMca varSe dhArmika namAM dhIraja ne baMta pAyAnAM paribaLa che. pariSade javAno Adeza ApavAmAM Avyo hato. emAM pitAne mATe je siddhAnta azake nakakI karyA e ja dharmanI carcAo thatI ne dhArmika siddhAntA samajAvavAmAM enA tamAma aphasare pALe evI e AzA rAkhatA. AvatA. azoke pote eka dharmakSetra kholyuM. e dvArA pATalIpurAmAM sahAya vinimayanI vyavasthA karavAmAM AvatI. "huM bhajana karato hou, aMtaHpuramAM houM, zayana khaMDamAM houM ke abhyAsa khaMDamAM hou, rathamAM virAjyo pitAnA sAmrAjyanA vistAramAM ja boddha dhama nA houM ke upavana vihAra karate" hAuM; game te sthitimAM mArA siddhA te sarvopari thAya eTalI hakIkatathI arAkane saMtApa akasane mane lethI phariyAdothI mAhitagAra rAkhave; na hote vizvanA dUra dUranA pradezamAM eNe pratinidhio che keIpaNa sthaLe prajAnI phariyAdo sAMbhaLavA huM kaTibaddha mokalyA. bhAratanA cheka dakSiNanAM paula ne pAMDeyanAM svataMtra rahIza.' rAjya ane siMhala dvIpa nepALa ne kAzamIramAM paNaazokanAM pratinidhi maMDaLe gayAM. nepAla che kAzmIra achokanA sAmrA eja zilAlekhamAM bIjo paNa eka phakaro che. yanAM aMgabhUta na hotAM chatAMya temaNe bauddhadharma aMgIkAra 'leka kalyANa mATe mAre kAryarata rahevuM ja joIe; karyo. azokanA pratinidhioe dUra dUra siriyA IjIpta, zA mATe huM parizrama karuM chuM ! lekakalyANa sivAya mArA mesoDeniyAne dapirasamAM paNa dhama pracAra karyo. parizramano bIjo koI hetuM ja nathI; jIvaMta prANIo nAmadAra samrATanA abhiprAya mujaba Aja moTo pratyenuM huM mAruM RNa adA karuM. A duniyAmAM huM keinuM digvijaya hatA. pavitratAnA kAnUnathI e vijaya prApta thaye paNa bhaluM karI zakIza. te e leka pAkamAM paNa svarga sukha hatA. pitAnA sAmrAjyamAM ja nahi paraMtu pitAnA pAsAne pAmaze. ' karatA cha mAIlanA vistAramAM paNa azoke A rIte dhama bauddha praNAlikA mujaba azAka dhama paryaTane jatA. vijaya karyo. zrIsanA samrATa enTIocaka UparAMta TelenI, pavitra vidvAna manuSyanA paMparkamAM AvatA. kesarI kaMthAdhArI enTAMgAsana megasane elekajhAnDara jevA samrATo jyAM vAsa e brAhamanI mulAkAta letA eTaluM ja nahi paNa Ama karatA hatA e cAre pradezamAM paNa bauddha dharmanuM varcasva janatAmAM paNa dhUmatA. kadAca ghaNAkharA zilAlekha AvAM jaNAvyuM. ! ' paryaTane daramiyAna ja ketarAyA haze. emaNe gautamanA mahAna sadare je je pradezamAM mAnava zarIro jItavA janmasthAnanI mulAkAta lIdhI hatI. enA smAraka rUpe ubhe senAdhyo mekalyAM tyAM tyAM mAnava haiyAM jIvI levA azaka karela staMbha Aje paNa e ja kALajI pUrvaka sAcavI rAkhavA sAdhuo mokalyA. mAM AvyuM che enA upara eka azvanuM mastaka che. emAM nIcenuM lakhANa ketaravAmAM AvyuM cheH kaliMganA hatyAkAMDa pachI azaka baLathI rAjya karavAne badale dayAthI rAjya calAvavAno niradhAra karI lIdhe pitAnA pitAnA rAjyakAlanA eka vIsamA varSamAM samrATa sAmrAjayanI sarahado uparanI AdivAsI prajA sAthe kAma levAnuM priyadarI" A sthaLe rUbarU padhAryA. A sthAnakanuM abhivAdana Jain Education Intenational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga karyuM. zAkya saMta bauddhane ahIM janma thayo hato samrATa meM je kaI satkArya karyA che e lokoe vadhAvyAM zilAne eka abdha banAvarAvyuM. eka zilAbha paNa ubhe che enuM anukaraNa paNa karyuM che karyo. A sthaLe pUjya bhagavAnane janma thayo hato tethI luminI gAmanuM mahesula mApha karavAmAM AvyuM. eTaluM ja samrATanA kauTuMbika jIvana aMge jhAjhuM jANavA maLatuM nahi paNa samrATa taraphathI khAsa navA jeza karavAmAM AvI. " cI , nathI. zilAlekhamAM emanI patnI kurUvAkIno ullekha bIjA sahArANI tarIke che. putra tivarane pautra dazarathane paNa ullekha azoke cAlIsa varSa rAjya karyuM emanuM avasAna varSa che. siMhAlI praNAlikAnI daMtakathA mAnI e te azokano IvIsana pUrve 232 lekhAya che. kaliMganuM yuddha bAda karIe mahatvane svajana emanA bhAI mahendra hatA. silenanA sattAte samrATanI hakumatanAM tamAma varSo bAhya ne AMtarika zAnti . dhIza rAjayamAM baudhama phelAvavAnuM mAna emane phALe jAya thA mAM ja vItyAM hatAM, AMtara vigrahanuM nAma nizAna na hotI. ' che. emanA A dharma kAryanuM mulya ochuM AMkI zakAya tema Antara vigrahanI keI nedha paNa jaDatI nathI. paDozanAM rAjya che nathI. bhAratamAMthI baudhdha dharma lagabhaga bhUMsAi gaye che jayAre sAthenA saMgharSane paNa yAMya ullekha nathI kharekhara, navi siMhadvIpamAM hajI ye te pravartamAna che ne save parI rahyo che. pUrvamAM ke nahi pazcimamAM maurya sAmrATanI hAlamAM bese azokanA avasAnane sATha varSa thatAM thatAMmAM to maurya e koI samrATa thayo nathI ne thaze nahi. azokanA mahAna sAmrAjayanuM patana thayuM. enA bhAgalA paDI gayA ne bhArata prayoga : dharmarAjayaH mATe paristhiti khUbaja sAnukuLa hatI. puna : aMdhAdhuMdhImaya asthiratAmAM dhakelAI gayuM. keTalAka yuddhanI sarANe caDhI e vijayI bahAra AvyuM hota ke kema A pariNAma mAre azakanI nItine ja kAraNa -bhUta gaNe che. e eka prazna che chatAya zAntinA samayamAM sAmrATanA vyakti azaka pate e nIti amalamAM mUkI zake eTale zakita tva ne zaktithI bhAratanA pradezanI vividha prajAonA haiyAmAM zALI hatA jayAre emanA A gAmIe eTalA zaktizALI anokhuM sthAna prApta karI lIdhuM che. na nIvaDayA. saramukhatyAranuM jema azake muThaDuM banAvI dIdhuM hatuM. eTale sAmrAjayane teo saMgaThita na rAkhI zakyA. A azoka kevaLa siddhAntavAdI ja na hote emaNe dharma hakIkatamAM kadAca kaMIka taththAMza haze. bAkI bIjI bAju nirIkSake nimaNuMka karI eTaluM ja nahi paNa pitAne mATe dRSTi karIe to bhAratamAM sAmrAjya eka niyama tarIke jhaTapathI emaNe je AcAra saMhita ghaDI kADhI enuM prajajane paNa tUTI gayAM che. emAM apavAda koI nathI game tema paraMtu saMpUrNa pAlana kare te mATe emaNe vyavahAra pagalAM lIdhAM. azokanA anugAmIo eTalA zakita zALI na nIvaDyA tena lokakalyANa mATe mAre parizrama karavuM ja joIe." emanA mATe azokane kAMI o che deva daI zakAya che? vizALa sAmrAjyamAM pravAsanI saralatA mATe emaNe mAnI bakke ApaNe azakanI prAptinI kadara karavI joI e. hAramAlA ubhI karI dIdhI. rAjamArgonI banne bAjue vRkSo ropavyAM. zILAM vaTavRkSo pAMgaryA. cheDe cheDe e tare dhama emaNe zuM karyuM e yAda rAkhavuM joIe. pazcimamAM hinda kuzanI girimALAthI pUrvamAM brahmaputrAnA kinArA sudhI ane zALAo ne maphata bhejanAlayo zarU karyA. ghaNA prAMtomAM ane uttaramAM himAlayanI girimAlAthI dakSiNamAM cheka madrAsa davAkhAnAM paNa ubhA karyA. thI pazcimamAM rekhA derIe tyAM sudhInA saghaLA vistAramAM "pratyeka sthaLe duHkhI che mATe samrATa priyadarzI taraphathI azekanuM sAmrAjya hatuM. e vAtanI vividha zilAlekha be prakAranA prabaMdha karavAmAM AvyAH manuSya mATe upacAra : sAkha pUre che. kAzmIrane tibeTa para pagu emanuM pazu mATe upacAra : manuSya mATe auSadhioH pazuo mATe varcasva hatuM ja, A sAmrAjyane vistAra raziyAvihoNA auSadhioH jyAM jyAM uNapa jaNAya tyAM tyAM A vRkSo yUrapa jeTaluM thavA jAya che. sarvatra zAntinuM sAmrAjya AyAta karavAmAM AvatAM. tevI ja rIte kanda mULane phalaphalA- pravartI rahyuM hatuM. eka paNa daMtakathA ke eka paNa praNAlikA dinI paNa jyAM nyUnatA jaNAtI tyAM tyAM bahArathI lAvIne ethI ulaTI vAta karatA nathI. saMva 2 AbAdI ne saMtoSa hatA. repavAmAM AvyAM. manuSyane pazuo mATe rAjamArgo para vRkSo akabara ke auraMgajhebe paNa bhAratanA ATalA virATa pradeza repavAmAM AvyAM : pANI mATe kuvA havADAnI racanA karavAmAM para hakumata calAvI na hatI. Aje aDhAraso varSa pachI ja u3- cala" paNa bhAratIya jIvana azakanA jamAnA jevuM sukhI che ema kahevuM zaMkAspada che. bIna dhArmika vartuLamAM azokanI A Ama pote je Upadeza ApatA e pote ja AcarI siddhi che. batAvatA tethI emanA upadezane amala karavA ke vadhAre paraMtu bauddhadharmanI jaDa uMDI ropanAra tarIke azoka adhIrA banatA. azakane pitAne paNa A hakIkatanI mAhitI sarva kAle mahatva dharAvaze bauddhonI najare emanuM sthAna hatI. eka zilAlekhamAM lakhyuM che. buddhathI bIjuM hovuM joIe. bhAratamAM Aje boddha dharma eka yA mA paNa che ke A vAta ka AvI. ' Jain Education Intemational

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mRti saMdabha graMtha 0 * >0000000000000000000000000008 99099ka Phone : 120 & 551 Grams; ARVINDCO 02622 SHIP YOUR CARGO FROM BEDI IT'S CHEAP AND QUICK nAnakaDA saMpradAya tarIke astitva dharAve che. paraMtu pUrvanA pradezamAM Aje bauddhadharmIonI saMkhyA doDha abajanI thavA jAya che. silAna, brahmadeza, ne malAyAne e mukhya dharma che. cIna ane jApAnamAM paNa keyuziyana ane senToniyana anuyAyIo jeTalI ja saMkhyA dharAve che. azoke A hakIkata zakya banAvI. azokanA pahelA gautamanA siddhAnto e bhAratano kinAro cheDo na hate. are, gaMgAnI khINa paNu oLaMgI na hatI ema kahIe to cAle paraMtu koi dha bhale enI janmabhUmimAM meLa paDa hoya paraMtu azakanA pratinidhi dvArA buddhano saMdeza pUrvanA pradezomAM phelAvavA nirmAyale ja hate. A pratinidhio dharmanuM kevaLa adhyAmika mulyanuM prasAraNa karyuM eTaluM ja nahi paNa azoke ene vyavahAra svarUpa ApI tenI saphaLatA paNa gAI. jiMdA jIvanamAM ne sAmrAjyanA vahIvaTamAM ke je siddhi meLavI tene paNa pracAra karyo bauddha dha Aje vizvanA mukhya dharmo mAM eka gaNAya che. enA Adezo ne siddhAMta azoke zilAlekhomAM ane staMbhomAM kotarAvyA hatA tethI seITa polanI kalame khristI dharmane je mahatva ApyuM eTaluM ja mahatva azoke bauddha dharmane ApyuM. ARVIND & Co. darara0000000000000000000000000 & Stition Road, Jamnagar. Bunder Road, Veraval dat * * * . : :::::: :::::::::::: : :: Telephone : 255323-3135 33 Gram : "DYESCROWN" BOMBAY. Kapasi Group of Industries Indodyes Corporation NEO DYECHEM INDUSTRIES Eright Colour Industries KAPASI & CO. Ka asi Dyechem Corporation GERMOCHEM INDUSTRIES Ranpart House, Rainpart Raw, Fort, BOMBAV-400001 Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 comecosocooooooooo0000000oscosocececcoesoooooooooooooooooooooeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeococo With Best Compliments From Phone Office : 290340 Resi : 692497 Kiran & Company Yarn & Cl th MERCHANTS & COMMISSION AGENTS kiraNa enDa kaMpanI 990/192, 1941 te, qe mun, 7045-2. 110/112, Cavel Street, 1st Floor, BOMBAY 2. 800000000000000-0000000000000000000000000000000000-.......CO 9999994.coccosocesseseoo.999999999sosososocososo-OSOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO..033ssessoos09999999999.00 e Ovoc. coo9osocecececcoo.0046+99900999cco.co.ccccccccccccccccccccccccccesoccoccocesococceeecosso909c0OO.... Gram : INDUSTRECO Phone : 35863 Industrial Resins Corporation CORROSION ENGINEERS & COUTREETORS Manufacturers of:ACID PROOF BRICKS, RESINS & CEMENTS. 7, Oriental Estatie L'apunagar, AHMEDABAD-23. Jain Education Intemational

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mahAna heroDa juDAke khristI praNAlikanI vIsavIsa sadIone mahAna pelesTAina vaccene pradeza emanuM vatana hatuM philIsTIna heroDa eka keyaDA rUpa lAgyo che. emAM kazI ja navAI nathI. khyAtivALuM Askalena enuM dariyA kinArAnuM zahera hatuM. e "mahAna che. to enI mahAnatA kaI? kAMI javAba Apaze tyAM epala mekAI nAM devAlayamAM dAdA paricaka hatA enuM vyaktitattva, enI samartha IcchA zakti, enuM aiti- AgrIka ne philIsTIna dharmonA samanvaya bhAvi yaddI rAjA mATe hAsika rAjakIya ke lazkarI mahattva, chatAM emAM mahattAnuM vicitra pAzvabhUmi lekhAya heroDa nA pitAnu eDemAIToe naitika tattva khUTatuM jaNAzealabatta herADa bhayaMkara kRtya mATe haraNa karyuM hatuM evI mAhitI paNa sAMpaDe che. javAbadAra che. ghAtakI kRtya mATe potAnA hoddAno lAbha | uDAvate. chatAMya arvAcIna saMzodhakoe evA kRtyo upara prakAza game tema paNa AgaLa heDanAM pitA enTIyasa yA pADyA che. nirdoSonI kalAnI vAta khoTI TharI che. enTIpeTa AgaLa paDatA puruSa hatA maMdira sApha karanAra gulAmane tyAM janmyA hovA chatAM e jhaDapathI lazkarIne rAjamahattAnAM bIjA ta mATe kAMI ja zaMkA nathI. e kAraNIya pravRttimAM paDyA isvIsana pUrve 63 nI sAlamAM e heDa vaMzane sthApaka hatA. pazcimane najIkanAM pUrvanAM pAzmIe jerusalema kabaje karyuM tyAre emaNe pragati sAdhI dezanAM ItihAsamAM e AgaLa paDatI vyakti tarIke tarI pAmpIe mekabekana AMtara sagharSa dAbI dIdhA ne hAkenasa Ave che. emaNe romana samrATo sAthe, raunika mutsaddI enTanI bIjAne gAdIe besADayo tyAre kharI sattA eTIMyasanAM ja sAthe khaTapaTI, cakora, kalIopeTrA saMparka sAdhyA hatA. ane hAthamAM hatI. juDAkAno pradeza uttare ekarathI dakSINe IphamIyA romana, grIkane ijIptanI saMskRtione sumeLa sAdhyuM hatuM. ne ijIpta sudhI vistaryo hato e romananuM khaMDiyuM rAjya banI gayuM hatuM IsvI sana pUrve 48nI sAlamAM IjIptamAM A badhA saMparko heroDe sattAnI sAThamArI mATe keLavyA sIkara sAthe pasthI sAthenA saMgharSamAM naDatA. romanonA trAsamAMthI yahadIone bacAvavA e Drila saniSThAne mahattvA kAMTAthI peTanAnI taka jhaDapI lIdhI, phAse. daIne laDyA hatA. A memITIka rAja yahUdI nAte paraMtu lA AgaLa sIjharano vijaya thaze. eTale eNe enTIyasane eDomAITa ne Araba hatAM chatAM yAdIe tene potAnuM tAraNa che A Ino patine zAhI pratinidhI nIye. hAra mAne che. eja enI aMgata vilakSaNatA che. vaLI grIka saMskRtine saMsthAo prati ene bhAre AkarSaNa hatuM. pariNA erIyase potAnA putra hareDane rIbIno rAjyapAla e yuganI udAratAna sahiSNutA eNe apanA hatI. eNe banAvyo. be varSa pachI eTIyasanI hatyA karavAmAM AvI. suMdara makAnone zahero baMdhavyA hatA. ane vyApAra udyogane eTale sIjIre heroDane juDAkAne rAjyapAla banAvyo. gelIlInAM khUba ja urojana ApyuM hatuM enI ArabamAtAmAMthI AveluM pATanagara seTarahiMsa jevAM suMdara zahera bAMdhavAne sajAvAnuM enuM aMgata soMdarya ne pratibhA paNa mazahura che. e sauMdaryane kArya AraMbhI dIdhuM hatuM. uttaramAM TapAne masadAnA hRge pratibhA enAM saMtAnomAM paNa utaryA hatA. chatAM rAjakIya paNa baMdhAvyA hatA. kAraNosara e kalIopeTrA jevInAM nakharAM nebhAvI le che. enAM heroDa herIsamAM raheto. enuM hibranAma strI porI pratyeka kAryamAM ati svataMtratA ne pratibhA pADavAnI prabaLatA (pakSI) e za 2 gIrIzaMga para beThelA pakSI jevuM che. haraDe AgaLa tarI Ave che ane punarutthAna kALanA koI ITAliyana ene raudaryadhAma banAvyuM. mahAla, upavano, ne zIka prakAra rAjakamAra sAthe sarakhAvI zakAya enAM vyaktittvanuM joma, rAttA nA ethiyeTo bAMdhyA, jerIke, samAriyA, sIriyAne lAbha, saMskRti pratyenuM AkarSaNa kalAprema, evAM ja hatA. jerUsemamAM paNa pitAnI helenI zailI akhatyAra karI. AgaeTaluM ja nahIM pazu ene bebhava, saMskAra, kacAzane ratA sTasa kahe : heDa jANe siriyAne IjIptano mAlika hoya paNa evA ja hatA. kharekhara AvuM vyaktitva uMDo abhyAsa ema mahAlaya pAchaLa dhUma nANAM kharce che. paraMtu prajajano mAgI le che. khuza hatA. temane kAma maLatuM. AbAdI vadhatI. keLavAyelA heDane enAM vaMzanuM mULa kharekhara lAkSaNika hatu. va mAM dharma svatA ghaTatI paraMtu yahUdIone A kIka chArA DevIDanI surakSita gAdI para e Ave e mAnI na zakAya. evI prati dhRNA phUTatI. vAta hatI. ghaNI vigata maLatI nathI. paraMtu eka vAta nakakI yahUdI dharma pratye paraspara virodhI bhAvathI heDa che ke haraDanAM pitA ImAIna yA IDa mAITa hatA IjIptane akaLAte samabhAva dAkhavavA eNe yahUdI dharma svIkAryo hate. Jain Education Intemational

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4. paraMtu potAnA siMhAsananI AMtiraka ne bAhya salAmatI mATe jerusalemamAM devAlaya adhavavA jevA kAryA te upADato. Ama rUDhicusta lokone te paDakArate dhama gurUonI ane sanDe DrIna yA darabArIonI hUkamIne huM AjJAdhIna banAvI dIdhI. rAjyapAla padaprApti pachI turata ja aNe rAjagRhanAne virAdha karyAM lUTAru saradAra ekreyiAsanA gera kAyadesara dehAnta prati virodha uDAvanAra senAnanA hiMmatathI sAmaneA karyAM. Arabe peAtAne imAcalanA vaMzo kahevarAve che. IzmAila abrAhasanI rAta garane putra hatA. luccA ne tiraskRta isAnA paNa e vaMza ja hatA tethI yahUdIone dhikakAra heraDa prati vadhatA jatA hatA. pAtAnI olAda pratinA praRRjanAnAM dhikkAra ne tethI paDelA aparAdhI mAnasanAM bhayagrasta pratyAdhAtA heroDanI hiraka vRtti acAnaka nagI uThatI haze ema kahI zakAya. enAM mAtA sidhrAsa Araba hatA. nakhATAIna hatA. AchAM yahUdI hatA. heronA mAtRprema AgAdha hato. mAtAnA nAme evuM rIrkAmAM eka baMdhAvyuM hatuM. kadAca enImAtA taraphathI ja ene AkarSaka vAna, mehakane udAravuMbhava vArasAmAM maLyAM hatAM. laya IsvIsana pUrve 40 nI sAla ekaTevidhana ( samrATa AgasTasa ) ne enTanI bannee bhegAmaLI ane jhuDAkAnI gAdI soMpI tyArathI huMreDanI kAra kI'nAM traNa vibhAga pADI zakAya. pahelA gALA isvIsana pUrve 40 thI 25 sAla sudhI nA enA vikAsa gALo lekhI zakAya. i DIsana pUrve 25 thI 13 sudhInA gALA enAM vaibhavanA kahI zakAyane trIjAne chellA isvIsana pUrva 13 thI 4 sudhInA gALA sthAnika jALane karUNatAnA gaNI zakAya. A traNe gALAmAM yahUdI itihAsakAra josese dAkhavelA tamAma guchyA enAmAM pragaTa thatA dekhAya che' evetAe kuzaLa yAA hatA ke koi ja enI sAme TakIzakatuM nahI. badhAja mAnavIe prati te eka sarakhI kruratAthI vatA vAsanAone te e gulAma hato. eziyAnI bhUmikAsAthe bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga-2 philipsa pAchaLathI iDuriyA nA rAjyapAla thayA hatA e ekalA ja AkhA vazamAM lokapriya nivaDayA hatA. isvIsana pUrve 42 nI sAlamAM pAthIama gheDe savAroe eziyA mAInara para AkramaNu karyuM. sIrIyA pelesTAina jerusalema kAje karyA. DuMDanAM bhAI phAsele temA ekanuM nAma phAsela, TAvara rAkhyuM. e gALAmAM rAmanA AtmahatyA karI. jerUsalemamAM gherADe traNa navA mitarA baMdhAvyA makakA lIjha vistA sAthe bhaLI gayA. ekakALI enTIgeAnasane rAjA banAvavAmAM AvyA. huMrAMDa nAkhI chUTayo. prathamane vhAranAM khaDakALa jaDalAmAM sarI gayo. pachI elamanI agnimbrAmAM menTenasanAM sainyane parAjaya ApAyA. pUchIe unmAdaka pravace nIkaLyo ne rAma javuM hatuM. tethI pahelAM eNe mitra enTInInI ejhanDriyAmAM mada mALI. baLopAne bIzAlAmAM eNe jhaDapI sAMDhaNI para musApharI karI zakI thai te IjIptamAM prayA ahIM ArAma priya enTanIthI alaga rIte e mahArANI kalIopedrAne kharAkhara pahoMcI vaLye enAM nakharA AgaLa e aDaga rahyo. ne rAma pahoMcyA. tyAM enA dezanI vyuhAtmaka paristhitine senTIgenasanI rAma pratinI duzmana vaTane pariNAme aMgre jIvananuM sarvokta parizeSaka meLavyu. ane juDAkAnA rAjA banAvavAmAM AvyA. dhAnya yahUdIonA dei paNa prakAranAM kheDa dAbI devA ane rAmana lazkaranI kumaka maLI. ApyA. enAM zatruo sakuTuMba naDI ya. paraMtu reDe AkhelAnAM yudhdhamAM reDa senTIgenasane parArthe gAnasane enTIkamAM mArI nAkhavAmAM AvyA. bA va temano pIcho pakaDace. ne sAnI dhAtakI rIte katala karI. eDI mAM vyakitagata karuNatA tA enA samagra jIvanamAM jevA maLe che. ene bhAi phaTjhayela IsvI sana pUrve 40 nI sAlamAM jelamAM avasAna pAmyA. enA bIjo bhAI pherAejha isvIsana pUrve pa nI sAlamAM gujarI gayA. ane daza patnIe hatI. jemAMnI pAMca mukhya hatI. DorIsa eka purohitanI putrI ivIsana pUrve 42 mAM enAM yu enTIpeTaranI heroDa peAte pAtAnA avasAna pahelA pAMcamAM varSamAM enI eTale. isvI sana pUrve 67 nI sAlamAM jabbara sAmenA pachI jerusalema kabaje karyuM. roTIna kuMTuMbanAM tamAma sabhyonI gaNe katala karAvI. ekanAM cakSu phADI nAkhyA. pachI e huM mekakALInI vedhanA rANI ekajhAnDrA sAthe lagna karyAM. sehAmaNIne temanAtI sarIne huMroDanAM teja ne AkarSaNathI aAi gai. paraMtu rAjakArane hiMsAmAM parINAme e lagna paDI bhAMgyuM. elekajhAnDrAne heraDa prati dhakkAra chUTayA. pAtAnA paMdara varSanAM sohAmaNA putra eDDI-To khulA maTe eNe kAMika yAjanA vicArI mahArANI kalIge peTrAne paDyu heroDanAM ThaMDA pratyAghAtathI enA pratirRNA upajI. Ama ane rANIoe bhegA maLI. kAvataruM karyuM . kalIopeTrA heDanAM vistAra vadhArAnI vRttinI sAme DI. samagra pela ADatrIsa varSanI vaye hatyA karAvI. bIjI marIne hIrakenasasTAIna kabaje karI eNe potAnA sADAnA vistAra vadhAryuM bIjAnI pautrI enAthI ane be putrAne be putrIe thayA sedhanIne pALo ano sAme bAkI kaDIoTrAya bane rI hatA. pAse heraDe hatyA karAvI hatI. trIjI vaDApAdarI kahe pravAsa kheDyo. caDe enu AMkazAhI svAgata karyu sAyamananI putrI marIAne enAdhI ene eka putra thayeA. paraMtu ena. vAnA virala karyAM. mAlllAke enAM vaMzamAM Ake lososa, senTIyasane jerusalemanI kalIopeTrA heroDa philipsa nI mAtA hatI. A huM Da A gALA daramiyAna meDI piyetra elekajhAnDrAme kallIopeTrA sAme TreDa vadhI sadhI karI. yuvAna erIsTA

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha bulasane vaDApAdarI batAvavA elekajhAnDrAye IsvIsana pUrve 35 nI sAlamAM kalIe peTrone lakhyuM, kalIo pedrAe enTInIne lakhyu enTanIe pAtAnA pratinIdhI DeDIjhane parirtino kayAsa kADhavA mekakSeA DelIae sarI ArmDa tathA eTrIsTo khulasane elekajhAnDrIyA belAgatA vagaDo rahyo. paraMtu enTanIe ekalA ahIM. erIsTeDyulasa prAraMbha karyAM. IsvIsana pUrve 25 nI sAlamAM rAjabhavamAM kIserIA snAnAgAra baMdhAvyuM. IsvIsana pUrve 23nI sAlamAM jesalemanAM pazcima daravAje peAtAnu rAjamahAlaya adhAvyuM isvIsana pUrve 20 nI sAlamAM jerUsalemanu' vizvavikhyAta madira baMdhAvyu, pravAsIonAM rasa ane AdaranuM sthAna banI rahyuM anya bAMdhakAmomAM samArIAne jerIkAnAM baMdhAvelA ne ja AmaMtraNa Apyu. heroDanI ghAtakI vRttithI ja narI-mahAlayA Ave che. snIsana 1951 mAM heraDe badhAvelu enI mAtA sipresanAM nAmanuM zItala sadana khAdI kADhavAmAM AvyuM che. e polIsa sAthe sapUrNa sephArIsa ne grIka rAmUna prakAranAM hAlayo baMdhAvyA rojhamAM eka epAlAnu maMdira baMdhAvyuM. AnA haeNzaDa viSNu jaI rahI hatI. elekajhAnDrAye erIsTo alasa sAthe nihALI javA vicAryuM. paraMtu e DI cAjanAo nAkAoiyAba banAvavAmAM AvI. pachI erIsTopyulasa zAspada kAomAMthI aa. enTanIe paristhitInI cAvaTa karavA de Dane bALye hegaDa nAM AkarSaNa jUnA citra enTanIne thatI haze paraMtu haraDe potAnuM patana najIka NavAnA ArA karI dIdhA. hutA navA vaDApAdarI tenI Daga sI sI hato, paraMtu Danaka thIyeTara, zilpa, citrakAma, nAgA, kIDAne ghoDAdoDa pratyenAM ApaNe kaDaka yahUdIone akaLAvI mUkyA. ne heDa para bhaya jhajhumI rahyo. isvIsana pUrve 31nI sAlamAM ekaTAva-ane enTanIne mAnya najIka ekaTI mAM parAjya ApyA. linI e tAramAM khUnakhAra laDAi hatI. kelI A ghAsa pravRtti kadAca sauthI vadhAre mahattvanuM kAya che. kevaLa AMtara preraNAthI ja eNe e kArya karyu che. ethI enA gunAmAMe khUba ja lokapriya rahyo che. prajAjana heDane zAnti, vyavasthA, ne prAptinAM prAtaka mAnatA. 5 tu ghaNIvAra e mekkAbI pherIsIne bIjA rASTravAdI ona hAthamAM raNI jatA e loko tene dhIkkAratA. chatAM svArthanI vAta Ave tyAre ene yahUdI tarIke vadhAvatA. pAtAnI pravRtti mATe eNe DevIDane ne salemanI samAdhIonA vya bhaMDAro paga luTI lIdhA hatA. peTA bhAgI thI patu Ape bharAyelA herADe raDajha AgaLa peTa ne mA hiMmatane kuzaLatA dAkhavI. ne navA vijetAne bacAvI lIdhA. AdevI ane enA konA prA karIne rAkha tarIke ane cAlu rAkhyA. paraMtu kaTe vaLata kayAre pharI eso.ene heDane agAuthI hoMga AvI yo hato eTale be tAnA svajanone salAha sthaLe paDI dIdhA hatA. hA sukSma aNu pAtAnA be salAhakArothI vadhAre vizvAsa mUkayA ne mahIne ane enI mAtAne enI sabhALavAmAM mUkayA. AkaTevina sAme pAsA avaLA paDenA gAnI tyAM karavAnI sUcanA ApI. eka salAhakAro laDo phera nAkho ne vijaya vI pAchA AvatA huMreDe enI heraDe enA be putronI hatyA karAvI. pherIsIne bIjA nI katala karAvI, nirdoSAnI katala karAvI. AvA badhA histatmaka kRtyo kaMTALAjanaka lAge chatAM eTaluM kahevu paDaze ke herADe pAtAnI bhayakara bimArImAM khUba ja rasahiSNutA batAvI hatI. pazcAtApanAM kIDAo enAmAM ghelachA paNa ANI hatI. chatAM rAjinIzanI hesiyatathI vethala hema jatA traNa mAtrInu Agata karyuM hatu senDeTrInane potAnA vidhyAna koyaDA UkelavA Avane ApyuM hatuM. sArI paraMtu ! ane bhAga nA virUddha kAvatarA kare . bebI badha AvavAthI baMnenI hatyA karAvI. paraMtu tu hatyAnI heroDa vanabhara gamagIna banI gayA. e agAunA roDa rahyo ja nahIM. pradhdhAtapanAM agnimAM pIDAtA aMgre jeleimamAM pahelA ginArA che. ane marIone TAvara nama yuM. panIthI e bImAra paDI gayo. ghelachAmAMta ghelamAM zuM hiMsAtmaka kRtyo AcaravA mAMDyA chavA dIdhA sUphI kITI na gayo. F have evuM nAM kAma tarapha lagya ApyuM. potAnA rakSaNa mATe hAmAMdhyAM. eTaluM ja nahi pazu kalA vaibhavanAM zokhane pAmavA ghabI kalAkRtio kaMDAravI isvIsana pUrve 30 nI sAlamAM jesalemamAM enToniyA daMga baMdhAvAnA 469 inDIjhana pUrve 4 nI sAlamAM heraDavu. jerIkamAM avajJAna thayu. te agAu ene putra elekasasane putrI sAtheAma tathA uccavarganAM adhA ja adhikArIone pAdarIone ghoDA doDanAM medAnamAM khelAvI mAMnI samUha katala karI hatI. paMdara hajAra mAnavIe Ama mAryA gayA. haze. paraMtu elekasase e katala thabhAvI dIdhI. heroDanI aMtyeSTi yiA dhAma dhUmathI ja enA peAtAnAja mahAlayamAM karavAmAM AvI bhayaMkara hiMsAtmaka kRtyo karyAM hAvA chatAM heroDa e gALAnAM mutsaddIonI prazaMsA pAmyA hatA. badhAja enI zyAma gAjIthI pUryo bhAhitagAra hatA chatAM enA prati Adara dharAvatA, samrATa gosTase mAkamAM kahyuM hatuM. heroDanAM putra banavu e karatAM enAM Dukakara banavuM sArU kAraNa ke yahUdIonI kAtIla katala karanAra harADe DIA speArAmAM emane hita pUre pUrA baLavyAM hatAM. game tevA hatA chatAM e yahUdI hatAne yahUdI rahyo ane vaijJAnikonAM A yugamAM heroDa mehuka ne puraskartA abhyAsa vyakita banI raheze

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ru eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 With Best Compliments from " Bicycle Chains Velo " VELO CHAIN A MOST COVETED ITEM IN CYCLE TRADE MANUFACTURED BY VELO INDUSTRIES BHAVNAGAR. : SOLE SELLING AGENTS : Associated Exp. and Imp. Syndicate 345, Kalbadevi Road, BOMBAY-2 PHONE : 256510 GRAM : FORCYLOR Dura-Tax Corporation Private Ltd. REGD, OFFICE 74/76B, 10TH KHETWADI BOMBAY-4 BR CFFICE : 19/21, HAMAM STREET, 4TH FLOOR, ROOM NO. 43 P. O. BOX NO. 1683 BOMBAY-1 BR. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha yu With Best Compliments From 2,4157 ( Factory ) 4202 Residence ) Gram: CENPRODUCT Central Dyes Products Pvt. Ltd. MANUFACUTRERS OF COAL TAR DYES, PIGMENT POWDERS, EMULSIONS AND VAT COLOURS Ruvapari Road, BHAVNAGAR. Bombay Office : 349/53, Samuel Street, Vadgadi, BOMBAY-3 ************* : Gram : " THREAD" Ofice : 323221 Phones Factury : 371973 Resi : 33.087 The Acme Thread Co. Pvt. Ltd. MANUFACTURERS & EXPORTERS 45, NAGDEVI STREET BOMBAY-3 Jain Education Intemational

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[17] azA prathrusra pavitra jharathrusra spItamA jAtinA pezaDADiyana vazanA pharadunanA vaMzaja hatA. e pavitra dilanA sIdhA sAdA mAnavI hatAM mAnavayuganA aruNeya samaye prAcIna zANu paNanA bhaMDAra ne jagatIdhara banyA. vizvanA ne nisarganA sthApI kAnUnane DA abhyAsa karI emaNe mAnasa zita ene pUrA vikAsa sAdhyeA. ethI pavitra jIvana jIvavAna mArga mokaLo thayo ne e ahurA majhadA H mahAna Izvarane saMdeza pattharadilanA mAnavI Ane pahoMcADavA samatha thayA. Ama jhathrusra kAlpanika ke daMtakathAnI vyakita nAtA paraMtu aitihAsika vyakita hatA. arathrusranA mAtA dugdhovA. phrADImurvA nAM dIkarI. irAnamAM taherAnanI izAne rAvA yA rAye emanuM vatana. pezaDADI ana rAjavI hozaMge A prAcIna madgAnagaranI sthApanA karelI. irAzanA putra manuzIhe enA punarudhdhAra karelA. hAla te enAM khaMDiyera paNa varatAya evAM nathI. mahAna pezaDADI ana samrATa jamazedanI kAI Anyi prabhA dugdhAvA ne sparzI gai paMdara varSanI vaye dugdhAvAnA deha teja tejane bAra banI gaye. Apatti TALavA vahemI leAkeAe phAhImurvAne dugdhavAnI hatyA karI nAkhavA salAha ApI. phrAhImurvAe zANupaNa vAparI ene amIra pAItarAspanI suMdara vasAhata ' arAka ' mAM dUra dUra meokalI dIdhI. pAchatarAspana mahAlaya dArejI : daragADIdhAinIza : nadI para AveluM hatu pAI tibbArA yAne jabara girigathI e nadI vaDI hatI. nA putra pauruzAspa sAthe lagna sAta varSanI vaye adhurune eka vidvAna ne zANA vRddhajana berIna krujhanI saMbhALa nIce mUkavAmAM AvyA. tyAM dugdhAvAnuM pAitarAspaIrAnamAM khalakAne AvA zikSakanA kaDaka niyaMtraNa nIce thayuM. emanA putra jharathrusra mUkavAnA rivAja hatA. ArajhIna kurujhe arathrusranI zArIrika ne mAnasika tAlIma prati lakSya ApyuM. parantu emaNe kai jhathrusranA janma pahelAM mAnavIonI dazA ghaNI ja burI hatI. samrATa jamazede taMdurasta jIvananA niyama prajAne dhArmi`ka zikSaNa ApyuM hoya ema jaNAtu nathI. zIkhavyA hatA chatA. prabhu paMthe paLavA mAnavA mATe kai dharmanI yeAjanA thai na heAtI. lAke aneka devadevIomAM mAnatA. purA hiMtA vidhi vistAra karI ajJAna mAnavAne ADe raste doratA. satra koI IzvarI avatAranI jhaMkhanA hatI. jayAre dugdhAvA garbhavatI thai tyAre ene eka bhayAnaka svapna Avyu : eka gheru zyAma vAdaLa enA tarapha ghasI rahyuM hatuM. emAMthI jaMgalI jAnavare enA prati ghasatAM, emAM nA eke jharathrusrane garbhAmAMthI bahAra kheMcI kADhayA. tyAM vidyuta camakAra thayA. eka tejasvI yuvAna pragaTa thayA. enA eka hAthamAM daMDane bIjA hAthamAM pustaka hatuM. eNe pustaka pelAM AnavarA upara phekayuM. jAnavaro pAchAM vaLI gayA. yuvAne bAlaka azrune UpADI punaH uttaramAM mUkI dIdhA ne dugdhAvAnagI uI. vasaMtaRtu hatI. prAcIna irAnI kelenDara mujaba pahelA mahinAno chaThTho divasa hatA. tyAre jharathrusranA janma thaye bAlaka azrusrane mArI nAkhavA cha prayAso thayA hatA. durAsa robavaDA purohita hatA. emaNe arathrusrane pAraNAmAMthI uMcakI lIdhA. khAlakane mAravA bajara upADayuM. tyAM emanA e hAtha para pakSaghAtanA humalA thayA ne emanI icchA khara na AvI. pachI duzmano azrune upADI gayA. gAyAnA ghaNunA mAmAM mUkI dIdhA. paraMtu ghaNI agresara gAya emanA para AvI ubhI rahI ne ghaNa pasAra thaI gayu. jhaghusra bacI gayA. pachI duzmanAe emane upADI gheADAnA mArgamAM mUkI dIdhA. paraMtu tyAM A paNa prathama arthe emanuM rakSaNa karyuM. pachI duzmanoe keTalAMka varunAM baccAMne mArI nAkhyAMne emanA TukaDA vacce jharazune sUkayA. meTAM varu athrusrane mAravA dhasyAM paNa AgaLa ja vadhI zakayAM nahi. ke bakarIoe peAtAnu dudha pAi emane jALavyA. pachI e duSToe acuane agnimAM pheMkayA. tyAM camatkAra thaye. agni hAlavAi gayA. ne bAlaka gulAbanI pathArImAM ramatu maLI AvyuM. ekavAra mAla jhaghugjha mAMdA paDayA. vaDA purA hitane davA ApavA be lAvyA. emaNe davAmAM jhera bheLavyuM paraMtu e davA jharathrusrane pAya te pahelAM ja izvarI karAmatathI pyAleA ja paDI gayo. jhaghussu para varSanA thayA tyAre emanA pitA paurazAspe. peAtAnAM santAnA vacce peAtAnI milakata vaheMcI ApavA DarAvyuM. jharazuzrunA vAro AvyA tyAre pitAnI mIlkatamAMthI emaNe eka paTTo ja pasaMda karyAM ane bIjI tamAma vastu levA InkAra karyAM. e paTTAthI emane peAtAnuM jIvanakArya siddha karavA protsAhana maLyuM. bejhIna kurujhanI bauddhika tAlIme emane jIvanane cAritryanA ghaDataramAM sahAya karI. paMdara varSanI vaya sudhI jharathrusra potAnA pitAnI chatrachAyA nIce rahyA. A gALA daramiyAna emanA dilamAM sarajanahAra prati asIma zraddhA pedA thai hatI. IzvaranI sevAnA zreSTha mA zeAdhI kADhavA e mathAmaNu karI rahyA. emaNe garIbane dalItAnI sevA karavA mAMDI. annadAna ne vastradAnane mahimA vadhAryAM, manuSyane prANInI chUpI sevA svIkArI. saMpatti prati

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha virAga dAkhavyo ne prabhusevAmAM tallIna banyA. have e Izvara pravAhe emanA pAda pakhALyA. pachI ghUTaNa sudhI pANI ne emanA sarjananAM rahasya samajatA thayA. nisargane aDaga AvyAM. pachI caDhatAM pANI kamare thaI sudhI pahoMcyAM, kAnane emane samajAyA. barathustra sAme pAra pahoMcyA tyAre emane deha pavitra ne paMdara varSanI vayathI jharathua yusIDorena girimAlAnA tejasvI banI gayo. AthI majhadIyAsanI dharma cAra gALAmAM ekAntamAM dhyAna dharavA javA lAgyA. pachInA paMdara varSa saMpUrNatA pAmaze enI pratIti thaI. e dharmA prathama jharatha emaNe divyajJAnanI prApti mATe ja gALyAM. vizvane divya pravartAvyuM, pachI hazedAre page, pachI hAzedAra mATe prakalita saMdeza pAThavavA pitAnI jAtane taiyAra karI. karyo ne sAziyese saMpUrNa karyo pachI majhadIyAsanI dharma e jamAnAmAM dezamAM duSyane jAdugaranuM jabaruM jora vizvamAM jhaLahaLI rahyo. hatuM. leke mArgadarzana mATe purehita prati mITa mAMDatA. detI nadInA jala pravAhamAMthI bahAra nIkaLatAM ja paurUSAsya paNa AvI ja aniSTa asara nIce hatA. ekavAra jharathustrane humAna : AtmajJAna prApta thayuM. "hu mAne" pauruSApe mijalasa goThavI. badhAM ja purohitane AmaMtraNa e jharathustrane kalyANamArga dAkhavyuM. tAThata nAgrata varAti ApyA. daMbhI durAsAheba ne duSTa bArakeza paNa AvyA. trauthati . " cAla huM tane ahurA majhadA nuM darzana karAvuM." bhejana patyA pachI pauruzAste bArAkeza jAdu ne camatkAre ne jharathustrane Izvarane sAkSAtkAra thaye. batAvavA kahyuM. jharathusse vidha karyo. bArAkeze jharathane jharaNuTyune "ahurA majhadA'nAM darzana thayAM. "adA majhadA' Thapako Ape. jharathusa para emanI kazI ja asara thaI nahi. e emane mArga darzana ApyuM. satya benAra, anyane 'tamArI daMbhI vAtane duSTa vartana huM kadI svIkAravAne nathI. huM te satyane ja vaLagI rahIza.' jharathusanAM A vacane e sukhI karavA mathanAra, jayadraSTi rAkhanAra, ne paMca mahAbhUtane zretAgaNamAM bhAre Adara utpanna karyo. Adara karanAra amara pada prApta karaze. e samayamAM dhArmika vidhionA hAomAne rasa jharathusve mAnasazaktio keLavI. uMDI saMpUrNatA prApta vaparAto. zArIrikane mAnasika zakitao piSavA enuM pAna karI. ane pAsa karI. azeI : pavitra jIvana jIvyA. dhIme dhIme emane devI paNa karavAmAM AvatuM. piDADIyena hazaganA samayathI agni sAkSAtkAra thayA. krAvalI yAne daivI taNakho sAMpa. bhautika pUjAne paNa mahimA hatuM. A banne vAta jharathutre svIkArI. jagatanA koI paNa prakAranA aMtarAya vinA emanuM magaja ene jIvanazakitanI cAvI mAnI. kAma karavA lAgyuM. emanuM pachInuM jIvana prabhunA payagambara A gALA daramiyAna aradhumra vizvane nisarganAM : banatAM sudhInI judI judI kakSAomAMthI pasAra thayuM. na rahasya para uMDA ciMtana karyA ne jIvananA keyaDAonI gura- arathuSya jyAre Izvara ne nisaganI kRtiothI saMpUrNa cAvI zodhI kADhI e yuganA AdhyAtmika jIvanathI jharathutrane mAhitagAra thayA tyAre emaNe eka saLagate parvata joyo saMtoSa nahe mAnava duHkhonA nivAraNa mATe zreSTha ukela prabhune e agnijavAlAmAMthI pasAra thavA Adeza Apyo. zodhavA e mathI rahyA. ne jharathustra temAMthI pasAra thaI gayA. emane kazIja I DAka vaphAdAra sAthIo sAthe emaNe pitAnuM ghara thaI nahi. pachI jharathusanA rUperI deha para pravAhI dhAtu choDayuM. devI mArgadarzana mATe jharathacce Izvara prAthanA karI. reDavAmAM AvI. chatAM emane kazIja IjA thaI nahi. pachI ' AbADI' nadInI jalasapATI para te cAlatA pasAra thayA. emanuM peTa cIravAmAM AvyuM. emAMthI badhI ja vastuo emanA anuyAyIo paNa emanI pAchaLa sAme pAra pahoMcI bahAra kADhI pAchI mUkavAmAM AvI paraMtu emane turata ja rUjha gayA. arthAta jharathusa jJAna sAgara tarI gayA. AvI gaI. pachIthI A badhI kaseTIonI vigato mAnava jharathustra saritAne sAme pAra pahoMcyA tyAre rAta paDI samUha samakSa rajU karavA prabhue AjJA karI. emane mAnanA gaI hatI. eTale e jazananI ujavAI rahelI mahephilamAM rakhevALa banAvyA : mAnavene anantasukha prati doravAnuM bhAga laI na zakayA. emane eka vicitra svapna AvyuM; uttara emanuM kartavya nakkI thayuM. A badhe samaya jharaNubhra samAdhistha dizAmAMthI emaNe eka Akramaka sainyane dhasI AvatuM joyuM. hatA. mAtra deha ja pRthvI para hatA. prANu te prabhu caraNe emane comerathI gherI lIdhA. emanI pragati thaMbhI gaI. tyAM dharatImAMthI eka vajA senA pragaTa thaI eNe uttaranA A badhI pUrNa sAkSAtkAranI taiyArIo hatI. pachI sainyane hAMkI kADhayuM. aMdhakAranA aniSTa to avazya jharathustra jharathu pratika mAgyuM. pratyeka tejasvI vastumAM Izvarane vAsa nI ADe Avaze parantu emanI kalyANuM sAdhanA avirata cAlu che ema temane jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM. Ama ahurA majhadA. pAsethI daivI saMdeza meLavI lIdhuM - jharathustra pravAsa karatA karatA detI nadI AgaLa AvI eTale jharathaane IzvaranuM saMpUrNa citra prApta karavAnI taka pahoMcyA jharathustra vahetA pravAhamAM utaryA. prathama te jala maLI. jarathusane mAnasanA pUrNa vikAsathI temane 'hamAne" hatA.. Jain Education Intemational

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474 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 sApha mAnasa samajAyuM AhUrA majhadAnA pazu jagatane nAza mathAmaNa karI paraMtu merathI emane aMtarAye naDyA. e IzvaranI IcchA, hetu ne yojanA niSphaLa "Izvara eka ja che e mAnyatA emanA Adeza svIkAravAmAM banAvavA barAbara che, e temane khyAla Avyo " ahurA aMtarAya rUpa banI. pratyeka Apatti judI judI zakita nAkhe majhadA' e " hamAne ' dvArA jharathune " avestA ' bakSI che ne e zakita yA devatAne prasanna karavI joIe evI tyAre emAM manuSya prati Izvarane saMdeza AlekhAyele che. pachI temAM rUDha mAnyatA. e zraddhADavAnuM kAma kaparuM hatuM. jharathusane IzvaranA pavitra amara jIvananuM : "amezA spenTA' dilamAM rahelAM aniSTa tatvone kA pumAM rahI adabamAM rahelA AzA vahIstA : AraDI che.hastaH bIjuM svarUpa parakhAyuM. IzvaranI mahattA pAmavA yuTya lokone Agraha karI rahyA. AzA vahIstA eTale sadAcArane saguNane zreSTha kAnUna, ethI "dilanuM aniSTa tva : " Agra maInyu" manuSya jItavuM joIe. nisarganI zakitao para kAbu meLavavA manuSyane cAvI jaDI. "speniAo" divya tatva dvArA aniSTa tatva nAbuda kare.' agni Izvarane bheTo vyavasthA kAnUna che ema jharaNue tAravyuM. jarathusenI raNahAka comera gAjI rahI. mAnava dilamAM be tatva agnikAnunaH zakita prakAza teja ne jemanuM pratika lekhAyuM. rahelAM che. sad ne asat sattatvane po ne asattatvane nAza pachI agnine poSavA sugaMdhita kAcha ne agarunI jarUra hatI karo. ema jharaNue saraLatAthI samajAvyuM. e barachue ne khyAla AvyuM. jharathusane A badhuM jJAna e andhakAra yugamAM be prakAranA mAnavIo vasatA Ansara preraNAthI ja thatuM. jharathune pitAnAmAM jalatI divya hatA : "kavi : AMkha hovA chatAM satyane na jonAra ne " yeta : krunazI : nAM edhANa maLI gayAM eTale devAlayanA kArapana' jharathusanA Adeza je kAna hovA chatAM sAMbhaLatAM agnimAM sugaMdhi dravya homAvA joIe e emaNe nirNaya nahi. "manuSya mAtrane svataMtra pasaMdagI karavAne haka che" lIdhe e pavitra vicAro ne pavitra zabdo nAM pratika hatAM jharaghue ghoSaNA karI. ne pitAnAM mantavyo svIkAravAM ke na agni kadI apavitra thatuM nathI. balake ani apavitra svIkAravAMe zretAjane para choDayuM. tane nAza kare che. eTale pratyeka vAsamAM pavitra tatva tarIke jharathusa saralamAM sarala rIte prabhunA saMdezanI mAna agni jalate rAkhavAnI yojanA karI agni javalaMta daivI zakita samatha vAravAra 2 agni jalatA rAkhavAnA yojanA karA A javala 1 lA rAti samakSa vAraMvAra rajUAta karatA. Ama janatA pitAnI vAta hovAthI tamAma devAlayamAM paNa agni jalate rAkhavAnI sUcanA barAbara samaje te prayatna karatA. aharA majhAdAnuM antima karI. agni aharA majhadAnuM zANapaNa che. sarva vyApI prema lakSyAMka " gADaprati pragati karavA bhAvi peDhI mathe evI te izvarI dayA che. prakAzamAM ja ene vAsa che. temanI tamannA hatI. Ama jharathusrane kSAtra : daivI zakita prApta thaI Izvare tyAre ja "ristAkhIjha' : punaruddhAra thaze. vizvanA emane kSAdra vairya : sarajana para sArvabhaumatva ; bahyuM ! A manuSya mATe suvarNa prabhAta ugaze. tyAre mRtyu pAmelA jIvo kSAgha haiye jhara eNne pitAnA sahavAsI enA bhautika ne paNa navA svarUpe pragaTa thaze emanAM zarIranuM 'tAne pANInI AdhyA tmika agraNI banAvyA arthAta e ' aDu': AdhyA- rUpAntara thaze pachI emane mRtyune bhaya nahi rahe. vinAza tmika agraNI ane "raMtu" bhautika agraNI banyA. sRSTine nahi varatAya. badhA ja prabhunA mAnasamAM jati bhuvanamAM mAnava AthI kayuM vadhu paramapada prApta karI zake ? mAnavuM raheze. hareka prakAranA aniSTa dUra thaze. IzvaranI nUtana sRSTine unatinI e kendriya kakSA che. e kakSAe pahoM kI 2sa AraMbha thaze. " rAziyesa' vizva payagaMbara avatAra thaze. penTa AramAitI devI prema pArakhI zakyA. karayusanA pAyAnA siddhAnta hatA " eka Izvara, eka Ama cAra ucca IzvarI tatve, "hu mAna" ( bera- kAnuna, eka dUranuM devI lakSyAMkaH ane pAmavA sakala sRSTi mAna "AzA vahIstA" ( AdI be hesta) "spenTA AramA- mathAmaNa karI rahI che. ItI" ( aspadArpada ) ne "kSAdya vaiya" ( havara ) prApta "gagana maMDaLamAM manuSya svarUpamAM Izvara virAje cheH karI jharathusa pUrNa puruSottama banyA.pU vinA zukratAraka mevADA sava e vizvanAM duHkhanI cintana kare che. payagambaranA Adeza camakI rahyA. mAnavene amara sukhane mAga dAkhavavA mArga chatAM apakRtyo karanArane sajA kare che evuM karayusanuM kahevuM darzaka banI rahyA. A pUrNatAne hauvaMtAta (kheradAda) kahevAmAM nahatuM. vizvaniyatA manuSya svarUpamAM haratA pharate nathI. Ave che. 'hAurvatAta' prApta karanAra ne ahanavara" amaratva e jIvate jagate mAnava haiyAmAM virAje che. enuM zANuM prApta thAya che. paNa ananta che. e sarvazakitamAna che. enuM saudarya vizva trIsathI betAlIsa varSanI vaya daramiyAna Ama Atma- bharamAM vilasI rahe che. ene kAnUna aphara che keI paNa jJAna prApta karI jharathusse IzvarI saMdeza vizvamAM phelAvavA manuSya eno anAdara karI zakato nathI. enI IcchAne sa nirNaya lIdho. pitAne dharma svIkAre ne prajAmAM tene koI AdhIna che. Izvara ApaNI vacce ja che. emane prakAza pracAra kare e khya rAjavI zedhavA jharathusse varSo sudhI aMdhakAramAM jhaLahaLe che. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 475 "ahurAmajhadA " e karathustrane pasaMda karyA hatA. agnine gaLe bujhIna maheraH keIne IjA pahoMcADe nahi emane kasoTIe caDhAvI devI saMdeza Apyo hate. e saMdeza ne kadI holavAI jate nahi. jharathustra A geba guspane nA pracAra mATe jharathusa vizvabharamAM ghUmI vaLyA ne divya temanA pradhAnamaMtrI jAmAspanA hAthamAM mUke anya pavitra saMdezanA pracAranI eka paNa taka nakAmI javA dIdhI nahi. darabArIonA hAthamAM paNa mULe gucchApe e agnigeLAne bArabAra varSanA rajhaLapATa pachI jyAre pitAnI zraddhA jhIlanAra rAjamahAlayanA mukhyakhaMDamAM padharAvyuM tyAM guTapanI daivI koI vizvAsu vyakti maLI nahi tyAre prabhunI dejanA ne yaza gAthA gAte jhabukI rahyo. avestA graMthamAM IzvaranA hetu mATe emanI zraddhA DagamagavA lAgI. paraMtu emaNe anurodhaH zAnAo : AlekhelA hatA. emane mAnavanI zraddhA choDI nahi. ahurA majhadAnA saMdezanA svIkAra mATe Aleka paranI yAtrAnA prazno carcelA hatA. A graMthane satata prArthanA jArI rAkhI. pariNAme emanA kAkA astInA turAnanA bAdazAha aspane dhAgni paNa bALI zaka putra meDImAne ahurAmajhadAne "zAztAo jhIlavA dila nahoto. mahArAjA gulTAlpa udAra dilane amIra AdamI thayuM. e jharathustranA pahelA ziSya banyA hatA, pavitra puruSa hate. enAM rAjyanA vidvAne ene mArga darzana ApatA. eTale e A zamaNane marma samajI zake. emanA kAryamAM aneka bhautika vidane naDatAM rahyAM paratuM te gAma emanA "humAne utkRSTa mAnasane "AzA vahIstA" kalyANa bhAvanAe vijaya meLavyuM. ekavAra mRtipUjakonA Ama kAIAnIana mahArAjA gucchApe jharathutrane ToLAe jharathusane gherI lIdhuM. parantu jharathusanA zANapaNa AgaLa Azraya Apyo. gusTArpa zANapaNa, nyAya, zAhI gaurava ne emane namatuM jokhavuM paDayuM. jyAre jharathu "addana vara' devI manuSya prema mATe mazahUra hatA. jharathuna emaNe pUrA bhAvathI saMdeza Apyo tyAre duSTa mAnavIo vikharAI gayA. jyAre AvakAra Apyo bhara darabAramAM emanuM sanmAna karyuM. emanA jyAre aniSTa vicAra jharathustranA dilamAM jhabakate tyAre tyAre prati bhakitabhAva pradarzita karI emane najIkamAM sthAna ApyuM jharathustrane urvazuH AtmA : e kAzI : daivI jItanI tyAM besI emaNe dharma carcA karI. sahAya yAcI che. avestAmAM vizvanI kathAne nisarganAM rahasyanAM mahArAjA gurazApe ahurAmajhadA nA payagambaranI darzana che. avestAmAM ahurAmajhadAnuM zANapaNuM bharyuM che. mahattA ne jJAnanI kadara karI paraMtu hajI emaNe jharathuane jharaNutra Akhare te mAnava hatA. bhautika jagatanA saMpradAya rAjya dharma tarIke svIkAryo naheAte darabArane dhArmika AkarSaNe emane satAve e svAbhAvika hatuM paraMtu prArthanA : vidvAne aratha para praznonA 0 viddhAne jharathurA para praznonI jhaDI varasAvI temanI AkarI ahanavara : emanuM ameghazastra hatuM. e aniSTa tatvane koTI kare evI temanI IcchA hatI. A dharma carcA mATe mATe nivAratuM. A prArthanA : ahanavara : aradhumrane kevaLa zikha- khAsa traNe divasa nakakI karavAmAM AvyA. tyAM prAcIna zANapaNa vavAmAM ja nahotI. AvI ; parantu zAnAo : ThapakAH aMgenA vidvAnonA tamAma praznanA jharathusse kuzaLa javAbo rUpe apAI hatI. emAM ahurA majhadAne akaLabela : agasta AkhyA. raghu ame vicAra saraNInI jagyA rAkhavAnA hatA vacana : hatAM manuSya zaddha mAnasane sadAcAranAM niyamapAlanathI samajAvI. sarva vAte erathusane vijaya thayo. mahArAja gaTTAspa pitAnAM dezabaMdhuo para vijaya meLavI zake che. evuM prArtha khuza thayA jharathusrane rAjapurohitanuM sthAna ApavAmAM AvyuM. nAnuM hArda samajatAM jharathustrane lAgyuM. Ama eka sAva paradezIne ekadama uraca sthAne sthApI jharathusa emanA yugathI ghaNuM AgaLa hatA. manuSya dIdhA tethI keTalAka vidvAnane reSa caDhaze. keTalAkane IrSA AvI. Izvara prati ke bhAva rAkhe te emaNe zIkhavyuM emanAM jharathu mahArAjA guTAspanI aneka zaMkAonuM paNa samAdhAna upadezamAM kriyAkAMDane sthAna nahotuM; parantu pavitra mAnasa karyuM. gusTApe rAjamahelamAMja jharathusane nivAsa nakakI karyo. keLavavAne pavitra jIvana jIvavAne emane Adeza hate. zAhI mahelamAM sarvatra ghumavAnI emane paravAnae maLI. rAjyanA tatvajJIe hatAza thayA emaNe bIje divase jharathusane - jyAre jharathuse bakha prAMtamAM praveza karyo tyAre bakhaH parAjaya ApavA nizcaya karyo jharathura prabhune pAye mAne che. kiTarIA : nA rAjA gulTAspane divya cetanuM zamaNuM AvyuM AkhI rAta cintanamAM gALI. bIje divase jharathusa para praznanI jANe e darabAramAM beThA hatAM tyAM emanA darabAra khaMDanI chata jhaDI varasI. paraMtu jharathustra udAharaNa sAthe badhI ja vAte phATI ne svargamAMthI eka suvarNa siMhAsana utarI AvyuM. samajAvI zakayA. badhAne jharathustranI vicAra saraNI enA para punita jharathustra virAjamAna hatA. emanA hAthamAM svabhAvika lAgI. A vijaya darabAranA nItizAstrI ethI eka choDa, agnine geLo ne avestA hatAM. choDanA pa para sahana thayo nahi. emanA dilamAM jharathusa prati roSane kaDavAza lakhyuM hatuM. "guTTAspa' ! DAyenA" umadA dharmane svIkAra kara, pragaTayAM. mahArAjA guDhApe emanI aMgata mAhitI meLavI. e addabhUta choDane gucchApe pitAnA upavanamAM re. eNe trIje divase mahArAjAe vijJAnIone anya vidvAnone jharathustranA ekezvaravAda saMpradAyane patta para pracAra karyo. belAvyA. ne vijJAna ne bhASA aMge jharapUthusane prazna chavA Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA-bhAga-2 jaNAvyuM. aratha e badhA ja keyaDAnA spaSTa ukela dAkhavyA rAjAne IrAdo hatA paraMtu jharathustra jAte ja upavAsa para Ama pavitratAne sadguNane aMtima vijaya thayo. utaryA sAta divasa vItI gayA. vijaya ne yazanI parAkASThAe virAjI jharathuSya ahUrA | guTTAspane eka mAnIta zyAma azva aspI ziyAhe majhadAnA payagambara tarIke potAne maLela daivI Adeza mahA- pavanavegI hate. mahArAjAne eNe ghaNA vijyo apAvyA hatA. rAjA samakSa rajU karyo. pachI gussAspanA hAthamAM avestA jharathunasA jelavAsa pachI eka savAre e TUMTiyuM vALI paDele mUkI. ne enuM rahasya samajAvyuM. pachI gusTApe prazna karyo. jaNAye enA rakhevALe rAjAne khabara ApI. rAjA cintAtura Apa payagambara tarIke kaI camatkAra batAvaze ?' jharatho banI gayA. emaNe rAjavaidyo ne bolAvyA. paraMtu emanA vinA saMkoce turata ja javAba vALyo 'ApanA hAthamAM meM upacAra kAragata nIvaDyAM nahi AkhA rAjyamAM viSAdanI avestA mUkI che e ja sauthI mahAna camatkAra che. ene chAyA prasarI gaI. jharathuSyane kAne paNa e vAta pahoMcI emaNe dhyAna pUrvaka pATha karavAthI IzvarI Adeza samajAze" gucchApe pitAnI sevA ApavA taiyArI batAvI. mahArAjAe karathustrane jharathusane avestA vAMcavA ne samajAvavA Adeza Apyo. aAva pAse javA rajA ApI. jharathusa snAna karI mahArAjA paraMtu gucchArUnuM mAnama hajI avestAne marma samajavA samakSa hAjara thayA. pitAnAmAM ne potAnI kAmagIrImAM punaH jeTaluM taiyAra na hotuM eTale emaNe jharathusrane vahelu pare zraddhAdIpa pragaTAvavA cAra zarate rajU karIH "mArAmAM Apa zAhI mahelamAM AvI avestA samajAvavA Adeza Apyo. saMpUrNa zraddhA rAkhe; mahArAjAe e vAta kabula karI : aspI ziyAha sAje thaze te hu ApanA dharmane saMpUrNa atharsanA viyathI rAjyanA vidvAnane khUba lAgI AvyuM pracAra karIza. emaNe bhara darabAramAM ghoSaNA karI. jharathasrane hatA. emanA jUnA vicAro ne prAcIna mAnyatAo dhULamAM prArthanA karIne aspIziyAhane jamaNe paga chUTo thayA. sau maLI gaI hatI. eTale eNe jharathusrane kAMTo dUra karavA nirNaya kaI A camatkArathI daMga thaI gayA. pachI jharathustra guTTAspanelI. be cAlAka vidvAne e eka yojanA ghaDI kADhI jhara- putra aspandiyArane bolAvyA. aspayiAre jharathusranA hAthamAM thagna to melI vidyAnA sAdhaka che evuM gucchApane ThasAvavA hAtha mUkI pratijJA karI 'huM ApanA IkavarI saMdezane pracAra nirNaya karyo. e jamAnAmAM melI vidyA dharmaguruomAM khUba karIza.' pharI jharathue izvaranA AzirvADha mAgyAne azvane pracalita hatI. pAchale jamaNo paga chUTo thayA pachI jharathustra mahArANI bAnI mulAkAta mAgI. jharathusaine mahArANI pAse laI javAmAM emAM hADakAM, vALa ne mRta prANI onA dehane upara AvyA. jharathustra emane pitAne dharma svIkAravA ne teno thata. eTale darabAranA IrSALu vidvAnoe evI vastuo pracAra karavA vinaMti karI. mahArANIe jharathusanI vAte payagambaranA zayanakhaMDamAM ghusADavA prayAsa karyo; emaNe sAMbhaLI hatI. emaNe strIonAM dharma pracAra karavA pratijJA cokiyAtane pheDa jharathusanI zetaraMjI ne ozikA nIce lIdhI. jharathusa mahArANIne AzIrvAda ApI pAchA pharyA ke evI vastuo mUkI pachI jyAM guDjhAspa avestAne pATha karI * turata ja saunA Azcarya vacce aspaziyAhane trIjo paga rahyA hatA tyAM gayA ne jharathustra eka jAdugara che ne e daMbhI chUTo thayo. manuSyamAM emaNe vizvAsa na rAkhe joIe ema ThasAvyuM. pachI jharathusa pitAnA khaMDanA cekiyAtane bolAvavA pitAnA ja agAunA vizvAsu maMtrIonA jharathamra vinaMti karI. 'cokiyAta sAcuM bolaze to ane cothA virUdhanA AvA vidhAnathI gurU akaLAye. amaNe maMtrI paga sAjo thaze." cekiyAtane belAvI maMgAvavAmAM Avyo ene potAnA kathananA anamedanamAM purAvA rajU karavA kahyuM. 'tuM sAce sAcuM belIza to tArA gunhA mApha karavAmAM Avazo? jhaDatImAM pilAM hADakAM nakha ne prANIonAM mAthAM maLI AvyA maDArAe kahyuM ! cekiyAtane jharathu jhanA mera paDelA prabhAmahArAjAne AghAta thaye. rathusa parathI vizvAsa uThI gaye. vanI khAtarI thaI gaI ne eNe sAce sAcI vAta kahI dIdhI. rAjA e " jAdugara' kahI emane phiTakAryA. jharathusane rAjAnA ne azva hato te caMcala banI gayo. A joI sau keIne bAle paNa akaLAmaNuM na thaI paraMtu pelI anicha cIjo joI radhustramAM zradhdhA pragaTI, mahArAjAe paNe karelA anyAya emane dhRNu chUTI' A vastuo mArI nathI. te zAntithI badala kSamA yAcanA karI. jharathustrane asala sthAne punaH sthApi bolyA, " AvI cIja hoya tyAM huM rahetuM nathI. A koI ta karavAmAM AvyA. devIonuM kAma che." mahArAjAe aikiyAtane belAvI maMgAbe Ama pavitra jharaNusanI eka vidvAna vaijJAnika sudhAraka tarI sarakAra!" cekiyAta bolyo " jharathustra bahAra nIkaLyA pachI kenI khyAti dUra dUranA dezamAM prasarI gaI. emanA Arogya ne emanA khaMDamAM kaI cakaluM ye pharakayuM nathI " cekiyAtanA pavitratAnA niyamo tathA "ahUrA majhadA" (sarajanahAra) amezA AvA belathI rAjAnI zaMkA daDha thaI. emaNe avestA phekI penTAsa' (amara AtmA) "yajhadA" (prazasya naisargika zakitao) dIdhI. jharathustrane jelavAsa Apyo. emane bhUkhe mArI nAkhavAne ne "pharehara ( divya Atma jyota ) " sperA meInyuM Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 477 ( aharA majhadAnuM kalyANa kArI zreya) temaja jIvana aMgenuM eTale emanA jIvana prasaMgenuM satya tAravavA dareka prasaMga emanuM tatva jJAna, mAnava vyakitatva aMgenA nivedana, 'rizmA mATe uMDA vicAra karavA joIe. prasaMgonI paraMparA vAMcI khIruM ( nirvANa ) ne pregarDa" ( navajIvana ) nI bhAvanA javI basa nathI. pratyeka prasaMganuM hArda samajavuM joIe Adi e aMdhakAra yugamAM paNa vizvanA dhArmika khyAlone pavitra jharathustra jAdugara nahotA, camatkAro sarjatA nahotA pAyA banI rahyA. e kevaLa pavitra mAnava hatA. zANapaNa emane Izvara hatuM zANapaNumAMthI ja ivarI kAnano pragaTayA hatA. koI paNa dharma, tatvajJAna, saMpradAya ke siddhAna e nathI ke jenI gurucAvI avestAmAM ke jharathustranA tatvajJAnamAMthI mahArAjA gulTAspanA dilamAM dhArmika vRttine arUNodaya na maLe IzvarI cejanA ne mAnava astitva aMgenI tamAma thayo eTale rAjyabharamAM agni maMdiro sthApavAnI AzA chUTI zaMkAonuM nivAraNa emAM maLI Ave che. avestAnI tAlIma pAmelA purohite nImavAmAM AvyA. e leke " AtAra' (agni)nI saMbhALa rAkhatA. ene kadI guTTAspanuM AdhyAtmika jJAna vikAsa pAmatuM gayuM. bujhAvA detA nahi. A purohite " atharvaNa' kahevAtA rAjya ema emaNe cAra IcchAo pUrI karavA mAgaNI karI. taraphathI A maMdirane nibhAva te 1 mArA AtmA (uravaNa) nI deha paDI gayA nI | gucchApe jharathustranA dharmanA pracAra kAryamAM sattAvana AdhyAtmika pragati huM nihALI zakuM. varSa gALyAM dharmanI tAlIma sau keIne ApavA emaNe emanA 2 karazuzvanA dharmanA satruo sAme jhajhamavA mAro bhAI DIra, putra apanIAra, pradhAna jAmAW ne mitrane deha aparAjIta bane. sagA kazastAranI nimaNUka karI. dharma bhArata pahoMcyo tyAre bhAratathI aMgaragacha ne grIsa pahoMcyo tyAre grIsa thI TuTi3 huM trikALajJAnI banuM. ne yAnusa ne anya saMskArI puruSe guTTAspanA darabAranI mulA4 nirvANa sudhI mArA dehane AtmA chuTA na paDe. paraMtu kAte AvyA. A vijJAnIoe jharathustra pAsethI saMpUrNa dha mika tAlIma meLavI eTaluM ja nahi paNa emane dharma jharathustranA AMtara cakSuoe joI lIdhuM ke A cAre icchAo svIkArI pitA dezamAM ane pracAra karyo. pariNAme dUra dUranA pUrI karavAnI guNyAspa ekalAmAM zakti nahotI. eTale prabhune dezamAM paNa agnimaMdire sthapAyAM. ne divyajJAna nI jyota hetu pAra pADavA e cAra zakitao cAra vyaktiomAM vaheMcI sarvatra prasarI rahI nAkhavAmAM AvI. prathama IcchA gulTAspa jAte pUrI karaze bIjI aspandIAra pAra pADaze trIjI vA vidvAna ne pavitra pradhAna jyAre jharaghuzvanA dehavilayanI ghaDI AvI pahoMcI jAmAspa saphala banAvaze ne cothI A putra pezatananAhurta tyAre emane satyotera varSa ne cAlIsa divasa thayA hatA. saMpUrNa thaze jharathutre A AthIrvAda utAravA ahUrA majhadAne gusTAspanA rAjyanuM e saDasaThamu varSa cAlatuM hatuM tyAre IrAnI prArthanA karI e nA grAmya jIvana para turAnIone raMjADa vadhI gayo hate eTa pavitra jharathusanI gAthA (daivI gIta ) anusAra le guTTAspa emanI sAme raNe caDhayA hatA emanA pitA leha " havRtAta' ( saMpUrNatA ) nI sarvottama bakSIsa ne amerItAta rAjyane emanA putrane paNa A yuddhamAM bhAga lIdho hato. tyAre ( AtmAnA ananta sukha ne amaratA)" enTA meInuM jharathusrane deha paMcamahAbhUtamAM maLI gaye. jharathusa eka ( izvaranA AzIrvAda ) pAmanAra thoDA ne ja prApta thAya cheagnimaMdiramAM ahUrA majhadAnuM dhyAna dharI rahyA hatA tyAre " vahu mAna" ( devI zANapaNa),' AzA vahistA" (sadAcAra) eka turAnA gunDAe emanI pITha pAchaLa tIkSNa hathiyArane kSemakavaiya' ( divya zakita) ne AramAtI" (prema : dayA) ghA karyA hatA. jharathusse potAnA hAthamAM rahelI mALA enA para A cAra gaNo jenAmAM hoya tene ja phaLe che, eTale jyAre phekI te Akramaka mRtyu pAmI dharaNI para DhaLI paDyuM. A yogya samaya Avyo tyAre jharabhutre e cAre vyakitaone prasaMganuM ghaNuM mahatva che. gya vidhi karI isita zakitao samarpaNa karI. jharathustrane TapI jAya e ke dharma pravartaka A ja paraMtu jharatharatrane jIvanamAM nisarganA uMDAmAM uMDA sudhI IrAnamAM thayo nathI. irAnI prajA jharathustra prati utkRSTa rahasyonuM darzana thAya che e vAta visArI mUkavA jevI nathI. AdAra dharAve che. Jain Education Intemational nal

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806 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga Gram : MERCHANT Groundnut Lic. No. 265 Phone Office : 371, 471 Resi : 361, 256 Pump : 461 Jayantilal Bhimji & Sons. MERCHANTS & COMMISSION AGENTS, Tower Road, AMRELI (Guj. State) Gram : Merchant Phone Office : 3642 Resi : 3651 Phone : 9 Jayantilal Bhimji & Sons | Jayantilal Bhimji & Sons P. Box No. 269, Commission Agents, RAJKOT. DHARI. | Phone 48 Jayantilal Bhimjibhai Commission Agents, LATHI. Phone C/o. R. 361, 256 0. 371, 471 Phone : 24 Rameshchandra Dineshkumar & Co. Burmah-Shell Agents, AMRELI, DYARI,& CHALALA. Remeshchandra Jayantilal AMRELT. CROCOCO0000000000000-cosoooOOOOOOOOooooooooooOOOOOOOoooooooooooooooooooooooOOOO The Bombay Mercantile Co-operative bank Ltd. 78, Mohamedali Road, With Best Compliments From BOMBAY-3 Reserve & Other Funds ; Rs. 23,4900 Working Capital Rs. 16,16,0600 Annual Turnover exceed ; Rs. 378 Crores Last Dividend Paid (Free of Tax) 9 per cent Government Audit Classification "A" OUR SPECIAL SERVICES UTILITY ARTICLES. Sewing Machines Washing Machines, Refrigerators, Domestic Furniture, Electric Fans and Window Type Air-conditioning Machines can be aquired by arranging finance from the Bank. at concessional rate ALL KINDS OF BANKING BUSINESS TRANSACTED Zain G. Rangoonwala Managing Director Sa u r a shtra Engineering Corporation Pvt. Ltd. 106 BAZAR WARD KURLA. Bombay-70 (A. S.) Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha ................................................................0G Phone: 355744. Grams: CALIBRE. REGD Office : 2nd Khetwadi Lane, BOMBAY-4, Vithal Purshotum & Sons (p)Ltd. MECHANICAL ENGINEERS, MACHINERY MANUFACTURERS & FABRICATORS. Telex 011-2128 BRANCH: New Standard Engineering Compound Carrol Road, Parel, BOMBAY-12. A-Subhas Road, Vile-Parle BOMBAY-57. National Plastic Industries Sole Distributor For : National Seles Agencies 40, Mirchi Galli Opp. Jumma Masjid Bombay-2. 478 Phohe 324628 >........... ................... 000

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[18] khrista isu IrAnanA akhAtathI kulapati abrAhame uttaranAM phaLadrupa ane AkarSIka mayadAnA prati prayANa karyuM. isvIsana pUrve 2000 ne 1700 vaccenA e samaya bhUmadhya samudrane kinAre pelesTAinanI sarahade denAna'mAM emaNe peAtAnI vasAhata sthApI ene nAma ApyuM. IjharAyela yahUdIonuM e mULa vrata na. abrAhamanAM putranu nAma Aijheka AijhekanAM putra jekama. jekabanAM putrA jur3Arane enA bhAio juThThAra perejhana jhirAhanAM pitA perejhanI mAtA. tamAra perejhanAM putra hejharAna, hejharAnanAM putra ArAma. ArAmanAM putra ammInAhaba. ammIhAbanAM putra nAhuTrena. nAhuzenanA putra sAlamana sAlamana beAjhanAM pitA. rahAba enI mAtA. meAjhanAM putra ebe. rUtha enI mAtA AbedanA putra jesI. jesIne putra mahArAjA DevIDa. DevIDanA putra sele mana, salAmananI mAtA mAthazekhA, salAmAna rehAbAAmanA pitA rehAbeAmanA putra abizAhu abhizAhanAM putra Aza AzanAM putra jeheAzAphTa, jehAzAphTa jemanA pitA jerAma ujhiayAhanAM pitA ujhijIyAtu jothamanAM pitA jothamanAM putra ahvAjha, aAjha haeNjhekiyAnA pitA hijhekiyAhanAM putra manasseha manassehanAM putra emeAsa, emeAsanAM putra joziyAhu, joziyA. jekeniyAhane enAM bhAio, joziyAhunA putra ebIleAnanI hijharata vakhate ema nA janma. hisarata pachI jekeniyAhanAM putra thayA ziltiyeha, ziltiyeha kerubbAbelanAM pitA. jherubbAbelanAM putra abiyuda, abiyudanAM putra eliyAmi eliyAddhi. putra ejhera ekhiyuDanAM putra elAIjhara, elAIjharanAM putra maththana. mananAM putra jekama. jekaba josephanAM pitA. josepha merInA pati merI jIsasa krAIsTa. masiyAhunAM mAmA Ama abrAhamathI rAjA DevIDa sudhI cauda peDhI rAjA sudhI cauda peDhI. DevIDathI hijharata sudhI bIjI cauda peDhI. ne hijharatathI jIsasa jIsahu krAisTanAM mAtA merI. emanAM vivAha josepha sAthe thayA hatA. e kuMvArA hatA tyAre ja. izvaranA aMza emanAmAM uta josepha kaDaka siddhAMtavAdI hatA. emaNe merI sAthenAM peAtAnA vivAha teADI nAkhavA nirNaya lIdhA paraMtu e kaI prakAranI jAherAta karavA mAgatA na heAtA merIne badanAma karavAnI emanI khIlakula IcchA na heAtI. AvA vicArA karatA e jAgatA paDayA hatA. * tyAM emane eka svapna AvyuM. eka devata temanI sAme ubhA hatA. 'josepha ! DevIDanAM putra ! devarDse kahyuM * merIne tArI patnI tarIke svIkAravA jarAya saMkoca na rAkhIza kAraNa ke enA gaImAM rahevu bALaka izvaranA aMza ja che. merIne putra Avaze. enu nAma jIsasa (tAraNudgAra) rAkhajo e manuSyane pApathI uddhAra karaze. Ama payagambara dvArA IzvaranI IcchA pUrI thaze. sAMbhaLa kumArikAne garbha raheze. ene putra Avaze e ' imenyuala ( Izvara ApaNI paDakhe che ) nAme oLa khAze. josepha jAgyA. devatane Adeza emaNe mAthe caDhAvyeA. merIne pitta banAvI ghera laI Avye putranA janma sudhI e kuvArakA ja rahI. josephe putranuM nAma pADyuM jIsasa ejheranAM putra eDoka jheDokanAM azcima. arcimanAM pUrvanA jyeAtISIe jerUsalemamAM AvyA. putra. ekhiyuDa. jIsasane janma bethalahemamA, bethalahema juDiyAmAM AvyuM. tyAre tyAM mahArAjA heroDarajya karatAM hatAM keTalAka ' navajanmA yahUdIonAM rAjA kayAM che ? dUra dUranAM pUrva dezeAmAM atre e tAraka udaya pAmatA. joyA che tethI enA pUjana mATe ame ahiM AvyA chIe.

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 481 mahArAjA heroDe A praznathI cakita thaI gayA. AkhAya sainike mekalyA bethalahe mane AsapAsanA vistAramAM be varSanI jerRsalemamAM aphavAonAM pUra umaTayAM. aMdara jamelA tamAma bALakonI temaNe hatyA karAvI, Ama jehemiyAhanI bhaviSya vANI sAcI paDI. ramAhathI Akanda emaNe yahUdI dharmanA AgevAnonI ekasabhA belAvI cI Avaze rAzela sattAne mATe kalpAnta karaze sau masIAha kayAM janma leze e payagambare ApaNane kahyuM tyAM janma leze e payagambara ApaNane kazu bALake mRtyu pAmyA haze. : che ? eNe prazna mUkyo. heroDanuM avasAna thayuM IjIptamAM josephane svapna hA bethala hemamAM dharmazAstrIoe uttara ApyA AvyuM. eka devadUte hereDanA avasAnanI khabara ApI bAlakane payagambara mikahi ema lakhI gayA che. mAtAne laI pAcho IjharAela jA bAlakane mAranAra marI paravAryo che jIsasa ne merIne laI josepha IjharAyela pAcho e nAnakaDA gAma bethalahema" tuM nakAmuM juDiyata : vaLe. gAma nathI. IjharAyela upara rAjya karanAra hAkema tAre AMgaNe utpanna thavAnAM che paraMtu no rAjA Alesa heDane ja putra hate. josepha bhaya pAme. ene pharI svapna AvyuM. "jaDiyA na pachI haraDe pelA jyotiSIone bolAvI magAvyA jaIza" badhAM gelIlI gayA, najhArethamAM rahyA. mariyAhunI. emaNe sau prathama tAraka darzana kayAre karyuM hatuM e taNe bhaviSyavANI sAcI TharI. e jherIna kahevAze. jANI lIdhuM pachI temane kahyuM. narethanAM vAsa daramiyAna jaMgalI juDiyanamAM dharmo ethalehema jAo tyAM tamane bALakanAM darzana thaze. padeza ApavAne jahona beTIsTa Aropa karyo pApa choDI Apa enA darzana karI pAchA Avajo mane khabara Apajo IvaranuM stavana karo. rAma rAjya AvI rahyuM che. eTale huM paNa emanAM pUjana karavA jaIza. payagambara IsiyAhe saikA pahelA jahonanA dharmakAryanI tiSIo bethalama upaDayA. ne Azcarya pelAM vAta lakhI hatI. araNyamAMthI avAja Ave che. prabhu padhAre tArakAno tyAM paNa punaH darzana thayA barAbara bethalehema upara che. sIdhe mArga taiyAra kare. emane takalIpha na paDe. ja e prakAzI rahyA hatA jahona uMTanA vALane koTa paherato upara cAmaDAno emanA AnaMdano pAra rahyo nahIM. paTTo bAMdhate. jaMgalI madha khAI nirvAha karato. mAtA merIne bAlaka je khaMDamAM hatA temAM gAma temaNe enAM vyAkhyAne sAMbhaLavA jayuDiyAnA khUNekhUNethI praveza karyo. khUba AdarabhAvathI sASTAMga daMDavata pramANu karyA. joraDana khINane jerUsalemathI dareka jAtanA loko ToLe maLatAM. suvarNa alaMkAre, lobAna ne gaMgAjaLa bheTa ApyA. raDana nadIne kinAre jaheDana emane prAyazcita karAvI dIkSA ApatA mArAthI paNa mahAna AtmA padhAre che. e kuzkImAMthI paraMtu jerUsalema pAchA na pharatA teo sIdhA pitAne vatana upaDI gayA. emane sIdhA vatana javA Izvare svanAmAM dANA chUTA pADo. kukkA bALI mUkaze. dANAne saMgraha karaze. Adeza dIdho hato. pachI jIsasa gelIlInuM pitAnuM ghara choDI jIsasa jahena pAse dIkSA levA gayA. emanI AjJAthI jahone emane pachI josephane svapna AvyuM. sAkSAta prabhunA darzana dIkSA ApI. saritAmAM snAna karI jIsasa bahAra nIkaLyA ke thayA. bAlakane mAtAne laI jaladI IjIpta bhAgI jA temaNe kabutara rUpe emane IzvaranA darzana thayA. AkAzavANI thaI Adeza Apyo. huM pharI Adeza na Ape tyAM sudhI ijIptamAM izvarane avatAra thayo che." ja raheje mahArAjA heDa bAlakanI hatyA karavA mAMge che. pachI jIsasane mAyAjALamAM phasAvavA zayatAna AvyuM. e ja rAtre josepha merI ne bAlakane lai IjIpta cAlIsa divasane cAlIsa rAta jIsase upavAsa karyo. emane upaDI gayA. khuba bhUkha lAgI. zayatAne paththaranAM roTalA banAvI jIsasa mahArAjA heroDanAM avasAna sudhI e IjIptamAM ja jIsasa sAme mUkyA. jeTalAthI manuSyane AtmA nahiM dharAya jIsase kahyuM. IzvaranI AjJAne AdhIna thavuM ghaTe. pachI rahyA. Ama payagambaranI bhaviSya vANI sAcI paDI meM zayatAna emane jerUsalema laI gayo. maMdiranI agAzImAM mhArA putrane ijIptathI bolAvyo che. - besADyA. emane nIce kudI paDavA kahyuM. IzvaranI kasoTI karavA pelA jetISIoe mahArAjA heroDanAM pharamAnanI jIsase InkAra karyo pachI zayatAna emane enA unnata giriavagaNanA karI tethI heroDa khUbaja gusse thayo. eNe bethalehema gaMge laI gayA. tyAMthI temane vizva darzana karAvyAM A badhuM Jain Education Intemational

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482 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 tArU mAre zaraNe Ava. dUra haTha zayatAna ? pUjA kevaLa IzvaranI dayALu mANasa sukhI che. ene hamadardI prApta thavAnI che. ja thAya. AjJA paNa IzvaranI ja manAya. jIsase javAba jIsasa TekarI parathI nIce AvyA. tyAre mAnava maheApyo. pachI zayatAna cAlyA gaye. devadute jIsasane sAcavI rAmaNa ubharAI rahyo hato tyAM eka rakatapittiye Avyo. lIdhA. Isue ene sAjo karyo. jahonanI dharapakaDa karavAmAM AvI. jIsasa juDiyA cheDI Isu ke paramauma gayA tyAM eka romana lazkarI senA gelIlImAM nathI AvyA. gelIlI sarovara pAse kepananema pati emanI pAse Avyo. pitAne ghera AvavA Isune Agraha gayA. jhabulanane nephahAlI pAse isiAhanI bhaviyavANI phaLI karyo. emanA eka bALa sevakane pakSAghAta thayo hate. Apa joraDana nadIne pele pAra uttare sarevara najIkanAM grAmya ahIMthI ja AzIrvAda Apaze te ene sAruM thaI jaze. pradezamAM jhabula mane nephaTAlInI bhUmimAM.... cAle jIsasa belyA. "tamArI zraddhA phaLI che. ghera tyAM saMkhyAbaMdha paradezIo rahetA aMdhakAramAM rahetA e jAo. senApati ghera gayA mane sevaka sAjo thaI gayo leke AgaLa dIpota pragaTI mRtyunI bhUmimAM devavANI hatI. saMbhaLAI. jIsasa pITarane ghera gayA. pITaranAM mAtAne khUba tAva tyAMthI jIsase upadeza devAne AraMbha karyo "pApane AvyA hatA. isunA sparzathI emane tAva utarI gaye. tyAga karo" IzvaranuM stavana karo. svarga najIka che. Ama IsA IDanI bhaviSya vANI satya banI emaNe - dardI nAbUda karyA. eka divasa gelIlI sarovarane kinAre Isu pharatA hatA. tyAM be bhAIo sAyamana yAM pITara ne entu temanI najare leka ToLA vadhatAM gayA eTale Isue ziSyone sare. paDayA. dhaMdhAdArI mAchamArI hovAthI teo eka hoDImAM besI varanI sAme pAra javA kahyuM. tyAM eka yahUdI dharmagurU bolyA, mAchalA pakaDatA hatA. Isue bUma pADI. Ama Ave. manuSyanA Apa jyAM jaze tyAM huM AvIza. "prANIo guphAmAM rahe che. AtmAnI bhUkha bhAMgavAne tamane mArga batAvuM. baMne bhAIo Isue uttara dIdhA. paMkhIo mALAmAM rahe che. mane mAnavaputrane mAchalAM pakaDavAnuM yaDatuM mUkI temanI pAse gayA. tyAM kinArA te kaI ghara ja nathI. pachI jIsasa ziSyo sAthe sarovara pAra javA Isune bIjA be bhAIo jeImsane jahona najare paDayAM. gayA. tyAM tyAre tophAna maMDAyuM. paraMtu Isu te nirAMte hoDImAM emanA pitA jhebIDI sAthe e paNa eka hoDImAM hatA. jALa uMghatA hatA. ziSyae emane jagADyA. ApaNe DUbI rahyA samI karatA hatA emane paNa iMsue bUma pADI banne bhAI chIe are azraddhALuo. Isu belyo. IzvaramAM zraddhA rAkhe? pitAnuM kAma paDatuM mUkI pitAne hoDImAM cheDI IMsu pAse ne tephAna zAnta thaI gayuM. AvyA. yahUdI dharmanI vAta karatA karatA pAMce jaNa AkhuM sarovaranI pele pAra badhA geDanIsa pradezamAM AvyA. gelIlI gAma khuMdI vaLyA mArgamAM Isu dardIne bImArI nAbUda tyAMthI hoDImAM pitAne vatana ke paranauma AvyA. mAgamAM karatA gayA. emane kara ugharAvanAra methya maLyA. Isue emane dIkSA IsunAM camatkAranI vAte have gelIlInAM simADe simADe ApI. pachI Isue pradezanA gAme gAma pharyA yahUdI dhama. pharI vaLI. cheka sirIyAthI dadIo bimArI dUra karavA Isu gurUone upadeza Apyo. pAse AvavA lAgyA. Isue badhAMnI bimArI dUra karavA mAMDI. jyAM jyAM e jatA tyAM lakenAM ToLe ToLAM umaTatAM dezane lekenAM duHkha dUra karavAnA kArya eTalAM badhAM khUNe khUNethI leke ubharAvA mAMDyA. vadhI gayAM ke Isue e kArya potAnA bAra ziSyone sepyAM. sAyamana yA pITara, pITarane bhAI enDa jhebedIne putra eka divasa loko ekaThA thavA mAMDyA eTale Isu jeImsa. jeImsanAM bhAI jahona philipa. bAthenyu, thomasa, ziSyo sahita girizaMgAra para gayA. ne tyAM besI upadeza methya, AlaphAIsane putra jeImsa, thAIyasa, trIleTanAM sabhya Ape. sAImana juDAsa IskAriaTa. | vinamra manuSya nasIbadAra che. emane jevI rAjya prApta "jAo Isue kahyuM, dharmapracAra kare. duHkha dardI thayuM che. zeka karanAra nasIbadAra che. emane sAntavana maLI gayuM maTADe nANA pAse rAkhazo nahIM vastro paNa nahIM. buTane che. nIcalA tharanAM manuSya nasIbadAra che. sAruM jagata emanI lAkaDI paNa nahIM tame jenI sevA karazo e tamArI darakAra paDakhe che. nyAya jhaMkhatA mAnavI sukhI che. emane nyAya rAkhaze gAmamAM pesatA ja koI sAdhu puruSanuM ghara zodhI kADho. maLavAne ja che. ne tyAM raheje. kaI gAma tamAruM svAgata na kare te bIje Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha gAma jaje. varunAM ToLAmAM gheTAM tarIke huM tamane ekaluM para dhyAnamAM beThA pachI tyAMthI samudra pAra karI. megeDana gayA. chuM sApa jevA phaMphADA rAkhaje. kabUtara jevA nirdoSa raheje. tyAMthI kekasArIA philIpI pahoMcyA pachI jIsasa pite jetamArI dharapakaDa thaze phaTakAnI sajA thaze. paraMtu zAMti jALavaje. salema jaze ne tyAM zuM thaze tenI vAta karavA lAgyA. " tyAM Ama aneka vidha zikhAmaNe ziSyane ApI. Isu yahUdI AgevAno ane trAsa Apaze, mane mArI nAMkhaze. traNa divasa pachI huM punaH sajIvana thaIza. pitAnI padayAtrAe nIkaLI paDayA. cha divasa pachI jIsasa, pITara, jeImsane jahonane eka "sabAtha nAM divase Isa ziSyo sAthe anAjanAM laI eka uMcI ekAnta TekarI para gayA. tyAM emanuM vadana khetaramAMthI nIkaLyA. ziSyo paNa bhUkhyA hatA e anAjanAM surya samevaDuM ne dedipyamAna banyuM. emanAM vastro dhaMtaraMgI DuMDA teDI dANA khAvA lAgyA. pherI sIjhe pharIyAda karI. paraMtu banI gayA. tyAM megejhane elIjAha AvyAne emanI sAthe isue emane dayA rAkhavA kahyuM. vAte vaLagyA. zive Azcarya cakita thaI gayA. jIsase emane ekavAra keTalAka yahUdI AgevAnene pherIsIjha isu zraddhALune bAlaka jevA nirdoSa banavA Adeza ApyA. pAse AvyA. ne kaI camatkAra batAvavA mAMgaNI karI. Isu e javAba Ape. "azraddhALu rAkhyuM ja AvA purAvA mAge. pachIte juDiyA gayA. keTalAka pherIsI emane maLavA payagambara jenAhanI vAta tame jANe che camatkAra mAMganArane AvyA. bole bAMdhI levA macyA. paraMtu phAvyA nahIM. Isu prAzcAtApa karavo paDaye hate. mahArANI zebA kevI zraddhAthI chUTA cheDAmAM mAnatA nahIM caraNe te nabhAvo nahi paraNe lemana pAse AvI hatI ! e te paradezI hatI. tame te ja nahIM. pachI isune temanA ziSya jerIke thaI jerusalema mAre dezabaMdhuo che mArAmAM tamane zraddhA nathI ? tyAM emane Apa olIva parvata paranA bethagane gAma pahoMcyA pachI be mAtAne bhAI AvI pahoMcyA Isu bolyA koNa mAtA ? keNa mANasane AgaLa mokalI khaccara maMgAvyuM ne tenA para besI bhAI ? IzvaranI AjJAne AdhIna rahe te mAtA bahenane bhAI. AgaLa vadhyA Ama prAcIna bhaviSyavANI sAcI paDI." jerUsa lemane rAjA khaccara para besI AvyuM. saraghasa AkAre temaNe - Isane zANapaNane camatkArathI badhA Azcarya pAmatA. jerUsalemamAM praveza karyo AkhuM jerUsalema hiloLe caDhayuM. loko emanA para cheDAtA. eka sAmAnya suthArane chokaro nAjharethanA payaMgambara gelIlI AvyA che. e sIdhA maMdiramAM ATale mahAna hoI zake ? Isue kahyuM "payagambara sarvatra gayA. tyAM dukAne mAMDI beThelA badhAne dUra karyA ane prArthanAnuM pUjAya che. mAtra enA dezane deza bAdhe ja enAmAM zraddhA sthaLa che cere mATe ahIM sthAna nathI. nathI rAkhatA. - pachI Isu bethanI jaI rAta rahyA savAre jerUsalema pAchA heraDe jIsasanI vAta sAMbhaLI jahona jIvate thayo - pharyA. maMdiranAM purohitane yahUdI agraNIo prathama to cheDAyA. lAge che. tethI e camatkAra kare che. heroDe enI patni hIDiyA paraMtu isune upadeza sAMbhaLI emane payagambara tarIke svIkAryA. sanI caDhavaNIthI jahonane jelamAM nAMkhyo hato. ene mArI pachI Isue IzvaranA mahA rAjayanI ghaNI ghaNI vAta karI. nAMkhyo hota paraMtu leke emane payagambara mAnatA. prajAnAM pherIsIe IsunI dharapakaDa thAya evuM belAvavA trAgaDe baLavAna heroDane bhaya lAgyo hate. paNa eka vAra e racce paNa phAvyA nahIM. pachI saksI prazno pUchavA lAgyA. pitAnI putrInAM nRtyathI khuza thaye. putrIe InAmamAM jahona emane paNa pUro saMtoSa maLe pachI pherIsI AvyA e nuM mAthuM mAMgyuM. eTale khuba duHkha sAthe ene jahonane zira * paNa avAka banI gayA leka para AthI sarasa chApa paDI. racheda karavo paDyo. jIsase A vAta sAMbhaLI tyAre e dUranAM ekAnta pachI emaNe ziSyone kahyuM "be divasa pachI ahi vAsamAM cAlyA gayA. paraMtu lekee tyAMya emane pIcho na pAsevara mahotsava maMDAya che. mArI virUdhdha dago thaze. mane choDa sarovara eLagI teo jItesareTa pahoMcyA. tyAM paNa krosa para jaDI devAmAM Avaze." duHkhI mANase ToLe vaLyA. keTalAka pherIsIne yahUdIo emanI mulAkAte AvyA. 'tamArA ziSya prAcIna yahUdI praNAlIkAno A paLe ja mukhya purohita ne yahUdI aphasaro vaDA kema bhaMga kare che ? tamArI prANAlIkAne IzvaranI Adezano pUjArI keIaphasanA AvAe ekaThA maLyA hatA. Isune keda bhaMga kare che mATe Isue turata ja javAba Apyo. IzvaranA pakaDI mArI nAkhavA maMtraNA karatA hatA.' A mahotsava kAnUna pALavAne badale manuSyanA kAnane pALavA tame Adeza ja daramiyAna nahiH baLavo phATI nIkaLe" temaNe nirNaya lIdhe. Ape che e khoTuM che. Isu rakatapittiyA sAyamananA AvAse benthanI gayA. pachI jIsasa tyAMthI pacAsa mAIla dUra TAyara nesIDena tyAM e jamatA hatA tyAM eka bAIe AvI temanA mastaka gayA. tyAMthI jIsasa gelIlInAM samudra AgaLa jaI eka TekarI para ke sugaMdhidAra dvavyanI zIzI khAlI karI. DAya che. mArI e divasa pachI ane ziSya prAcIna ane yahUdIo emanI kosa para jaDI na ga kare che Jain Education Intemational

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484 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 mauna rahyA. che ? pachI jADAsa iskeriyaTa : bAramAM eka ziSya pUjA- ne jamIna dosta karI traNa divasamAM pharI bAMdhI ApuM ema rIonA vaDA pAse gayo. 'jIsasa ne tamane saMpuM to zuM chuM. " Apazo ?" emaNe cAMdInA trIsa sikakA ApyA. e paLathI juDAsa Isune dage ramavAnI taka zete rahyo. | mukhya purohita Isune pUchyuM: "sAcI vAta che " Isu mahatsavanA pahelA divase sAMje jamatI vakhate bAre ziSyone Isue saMbodhana karyuM. "tamArAmAMno eka mane do " javAba Apo tame masIAha hovAno dAvo kare deze,' badhAnA dilamAM viSAda chavAI gaye dareke pUchayuM "huM te nahiM? jyAre juDAse pUchyuM." rAbI ! huM ? " Isue "hA.' jIsase uttara dIdho. uttara dIdho 'hA' pachI Isue badhAMne prasAda vaheMce. pachI prArthanA gAI badhA olIva parvata para gayA. pachI Isue " A devonI niMdA che." mukhya puro hite pitAnI ziSyone vikharAI javA kahyuM, "mane ekale rahevA do.' paNa pacheDI phADI " have vadhAre puravAnI zI jarUra che ! nirNaya keI caDhyuM nahi pachI Isu badhAne gethalemAne upavanakuMjamAM Apo. ! dehAnta daMDa saue nirNaya Apyo. laI AvyA badhAnetyAM besADI e prArthanA karavA gayA mAtra sau emanA para yUkyA. dholadhapATa karI. pITara AkaMda pITara, ne kebIdInA be putro jeImsa ne jahona ne pitAnI karato vidAya thaye. sAthe rAkhyA. "mArA dilamAM viSAda chavAI gayuM che. mAruM mRtyu najIka che. mArI paDakhe jAgatA rahejo" bIje savAre dehAnta daMDa mATe remanI sarakArane kema samajAvavI ene mATe purohite ne yahUdIo ekaThA maLyA. DAM DagalAM e AgaLa cAlyA. tyAM jamIna para paDI Isune hAthe page beDI nAkhI romana rAjapAla pIleITa pAse prabhunI prArthanA karI e pAchA pharyA te traNe zikhyo nidrAvaza 9 I gayA. thaI gayA hatA cAle ApaNe jatA rahIe" A sAMbhaLI juDAsane pazcAtApa thayo. lIdhelAM nANAM e bela pUrA bolAya te pahelAM te bAramAM eka devAlayamAM nAkhI eNe phAse khAdho. pUjArIoe e pasAthI ziSya juDAsa yahUdI aNIoe pAThavelA talavArane lAkaDI paradezIo mATe kabrastAna banAvyuM. Aje paNa e "raktakSetra" othI sajaja thayelA eka moTA ToLA sAthe tyAM AvI pahoMce ' tarIke oLakhAya che. Ama jeremiyAhanI bhaviSyavANI jene huM namaskAra karuM ene pakaDI lo juvAse ToLAne kahyuM pachI e sIdhA Isu pAse gayo namaste ! ga ra ! ene sAcI TharI. maitrIdave gADha AliMgana ApyuM. jIsasane remana rAjyapAla pAIleTa samakSa khaDA kara vAmAM AvyA. * mitra? jIsasa bolyA "tArU kAma purU kara ToLAe Isune pakaDI lIdhA. tame yahUdIonA masiyAha che? " rAjapAle pUchyuM. "hA" jIsase javAba Ape. eka mANase pitAnI talavArathI mukhya purohitanA sevakane kAna kApI nAkhyo. paraMtu pUjArIone yahUdI AgevAnoe aneka doSA ropaNa karyA tyAre Isu mauna rahyA. "talavAra mUkI de Isue kahyuM, 'talavAra vAparanAra jAte tamAre kAMI kahevuM che?" rAjapAle pUchyuM. ja kapAI maraze." pachI emaNe ToLAne saMbodhana karyuM. "Ape mane bhayaMkara gunhegAra mAnyo ? Ama zaraya sajaja thaI AvyA? Isue kAMI ja kahyuM nahi. rAjapAlane Azcarya thayuM. huM te tamArI vacce ja maMdiramAM besuM chuM. tyAM ja mane "pAvara" mahotsavamAM dara varSe eka yahudI kedIne pakaDI levo hato ne !" cheDI mUkavAno rivAja hato. A varSe eka bhayaMkara gunhegAra parantu zAstrAjJA jArI hatI. badhAja ziSya Isane barabbAsa jelamAM hatAM. sAtha choDI bhAgI gayAM. lekonuM ToLuM Isune keIsAphasane leke pIleTanA mahAlaya AgaLa ekaThA thayA. "kene AvAse laI gayA. tyAM badhA yahudI AgevAne ekaThA maLyA choDavA che? - barabbAsa ke jIsasa ?" rAjapAle pUchyuM. tyAM hatA. tyAM pITara AvI sainikenI haroLamAM besI gaye. yahUdI emanI patnIne saMdeze Avyo "Isune cheDI do" eTalAmAM nyAyataMtre phAMsInI sajA mATe purAvA zodhavA mAMDayA. kheTA yahUdI AgevAnoe lekene samajAvI lIdhA. rAjapAle jayAre sAkSIo AvyA. ulaTA sulaTI purAvo ApI gayA. be mANa- pharI pUchayuM tyAre leke pikArI uThaDyA. "barambasane choDI see sAkSI ApI " A mANasa kahetA hatA. huM A maMdira mUko" Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

Page #490
smRti saMdarbha graMtha 485 kahe! have zuM karuM?" dhI iDara tAlukA sahakArI kharIda vecANa saMgha lI. "Isune krosa para jaDI do." * i Da % sthApanA :- 21-9-54 TelIgrAma :- sahakAra saMgha zA mATe ? " rAjapAle pachayuM, 'emaNe zo aparAdha | rajIsTarDa naMbara : 19622 phona ophIsa :- 4 karyo che? ' parantu "jaDIdo, jaDIde,' pokAro thatA ja rahyA. A phona menejara raheThANa :- 64 leke karI besaze. ema lAgatAM pAIleTa jalapAtra maMgAvyuM. | maMjura thayela zera bhaMDoLa.......rUA. 200000-00 hAtha dhoI nAkhyA. " A mahApuruSanuM lehI reDavAnuM pApa | vasula Avela zera bhaMDoLa.....rUA. 96762-00 mAre mAthe nahi ? nAmadAra sarakArazrInuM zera bhaMDaLa..rUA. 6103-00 varSa Akhare veNu..................rUA. 907pa313-00 bhale" lekee pharI pikAra karyA. kAmakAjanuM bhaMDoLa.....................rUA. 2451012-00 pAIleTa barambasane mukta karyo. jIsasane phaTakA mArI ApanI nIce mujabanI jIvana jarUrIyAta tathA anya upagI vastuo amAre tyAMthI rITala tathA holaselamAM maLaze kosa para jaDI devA sainikone seMpI dIdhA. eMjIne : rasTana, achata kapara, kirloskara, ile. meTaro-kopaTana, sainikoe emane kesarI kanthA paherAvI. kAMTALA tAja jyoti tathA perapArTasa hAjaramAMthI maLaze. emanA mAthe mUkyuM. rAjadaMDa tarIke emanA jamaNA hAthamAM khAtara : bAjhavA utpAdananA yurIyA, DAyaemophepheTa; emanIyama salapheTa, tathA anya myureTa opha poTAza, supara phosphaTa vi. daMDa A vyaMgamAM emane page paDayA : "yahUdIonA rAjAne jaMtunAzaka davAo : bhArata patva mIlsa prA. lI. jaMtunAzaka, jaya ' pachI emanA para thaMkayA. daMDa laI mAthAmAM mAryo. khetI upayogI asarakAraka davAo tathA anya kaMpanIonI pachI pharI emanAM vastro paherAvI vadhastaMbha pAse laI gayA. tathA davA chAMTavAnA pape, hAthethI calAvavAnA tathA mArgamAM AphrikAnA sIrInathI AvelA sAyamana nAmanA AdamI mazInathI cAlatA, pAse krosa upaDAvyA. pachI badhA "gelagothA" khoparInI TekarI) | khaMDa vi : gele. pAIpa, pAIpa phITIMga sAmAna, saLIyA, para gayA. pachI sainike e emane ghenanI davA levA kahyuM. gaDasa, cenala temaja anya jIvana jarUrIyAta cIja vastu e henDaluma kApaDa vi. maLaze. Isue sApha inkAra karyo. pachI Isune krosa sAthe jaDI A saMgha thApaNo svIkAre che ane jenA upara 7% sudhI devAmAM AvyA. IsunuM prANa paMkherU uDI gayuM. AkarSaka vyAja ApavAmAM Ave che. ramaNalAla sI. koTaDIyA Ara. sI. paTela mRtyu marI gayuM re lela! menejara pramukha kayA pachI mane vaLI mAthA Tele Shop: 315064 Tele Resi : 475315 Shah Manilal Bechardas CLOTH MERCHANT 82, Vithalwadi, (Kalbadevi) BOMBAY-2 zAha maNIlAla becaradAsa kApaDanA vepArI 82, vIThThalavADI, (kAlabAdevI ) muMbaI-2 Jain Education Intemational

Page #491
486 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 56909009090909-coococco....ess9.980.9900.OG...................ecceococcos.occo.o With Best Compliments From Gram : PUREHEART Phore : 355145 Dalco Products Corporation Manufacturers of Chemicals & Industrial Perfume Compounds, Ram Nivas, 2nd Parsiwada, V. P. Road, BOMBAY-4. O900 000000000000000000000000000000000-000ccccccc0900000000000-000000000000000000000 o cooo.OSSCOSOOCOOOCOSODOCLCRO023000..COSC00000000000000000000000000000000000-000000OOOCOOCOOOOoooooossecco. o 0000000000-0000000000000000000000000000000.oocoooo00000occo..000000-00000000000000000000000000000-SSCO With Best Compliment From Gram : ELENCO (Mandvi ) Phones : Office : 326917 337153 339422 Works : 592064 591730 Godown : 339205 Electro Engineering Corporation * 172, Nagdevi Street, Bombay-3 Sole Selling Agents of Electro Metal Industries 172, Nagdevi St, Bombay-3 Manufacturer of All kinds of Accessories suitable for AAC, ACSR from Mole to Moose Conductor, Ground Wire Accessories, Aluminium Bus Bar Accessories, L. T. & E. H. V. Line Hardware fittings upto 400 kv for Single & Double Suspension & Tension String and Sub-Station Clamps and Connectors and EMI 100 Tons Hydraulic Compressor and Die Sets. 200000009SOOCOOCOO000-0000ocoo00oscocco000000-00000ococooooooooooooooooooooooooos8.

Page #492
smRti saMdarbha graMtha 840 + With Best Compliments From sistitstreit******* Registered Office & Factory VATVA (Ahmedabad ) Gujarat. Gram : "MERCOCEM" Almedabad Phone : 50757 & 53531. Bombay Office : 210 Wallace Street Bombay-1 Gram : " GUMBRUSH Phone : 263918 & 261995 Saurashtra Paints Pvt. Ltd. Authorised Manufacturers in india for Cook & Dunn PAINT CORPRN. NEWARK, NEW JERSEY U.S.A. Manufacturers of all types & Quality Paints & Varnishes Paintings fun with COOK & DUNN COSCO.CO.co....090.0000000000000000000-000ccoococcoccoco.............000.000.500 DON'T ASK FOR PANTS Ask For: Parekh :35: In $153180SXANNSINISSM Pants Made from Terere Terene Wool Terene Cotton Woollen and Cotton PANTS STEPIN STEPIN STYLE STYLE With With PAREKH PAREKH PANTS PANTS Half Pants Coats Jerkins and Ladies Kashmiri Coats Phone : 451922 Manufactured by :Parekh Clothing Co; BOMBAY-28 ( D.D) Jain Education Intemational

Page #493
[19] aTilA kaI paNa rASTra karatAM hRNone pitAne itihAsa che, yalA romananA pUrva sAmrAjya para paNa temaNe hale karyo ne te paNa temanA zreSTha putrane. aTIlAnA Agamana pahelAM kekesasanA dUra dUranA DuMgaromAMthI Ara nahi evA uttaranAM ApaNane temanI ghaNI ja geDI mAhitI maLe che. ane enA vAsIoe moTA moTA prAMte AvarI lIdhA. maTha kabaje karyA. avasAna pachI teo itihAsanAM pAnAM parathI adazya thaI jAya che. lehInI nadIo vahevarAvI. enTIokane ghero ghAlavAmAM Avyo, helIsa, sIDanasa, orenTIsane yukreTIsa Adi nadIo para A haNa koNa hatA ? vaselAM zahera paNa kabaje karyA. pelesTAIna ne IjIpta temanAM vAstavika rIte ke temanA viSe kazuM ja jANatuM nathI. bhayathI tharatharI rahyA. arabastAnane phiniziyAnI paNa e ja eka rasika ne sagavaDa bharI kalpanA che ke teo eziyAnI dazA thaI. hajAro mAnavIo pakaDAI gayA dezaparadeza samAzaMganuM jAtinA hatA. cinAI ItihAsamAM temane ullekha che. cAra pahoMcyA ne samagra pUrva remana sAmrAjya dhajI uThayuM. tyAMthI e AvyA ne gayA tyAre evuM nAma mUkI gayA ke pachI dUra dUrathI hRNonAM dhADAM emanAM pradeza para utarI AvyAM mane para je kaI AkramaNa AvatuM tene teo hRNanuM hatAM. jhaDapI ghoDA para teo Ama tema ghUmatA. jyAM jatA AkramaNa ja lekhavA mAMDyA. tyAM vinAza veratA. samagra pRthvIne katala ne bhayathI bharI dIdhI. zakitanA mApadaMDathI mApIe tema no moTAmAM moTo remana. lazkara dUra hatuM. ITalImAM te Antara vigrahamAM rokAI gayuM hatuM. kalpanA paNa na Ave evA sthAne e phUTI nIkasaradAra aTIlA hate. Izvarano e zApa manAto. eNe vIsa LatA. emanI jhaDapa aphavAnI jhaDapa karatAM paNa vadhAre hatI. varSa karatAM ocho samaya rAjya karyuM. paNa enA bhayathI hajAro emane dharmavaya ke nIti keInIce paDI nahotI temanA dilamAM varSa sudhI yAda rahyo che. te bAMdhI daDIne, jADe, uMDA cakSuo - kaI mATe dayA nahotI. hajI hamaNAM ja jamyAM hoya evAnI . vALa, capaTuM nAka dharAvate ne AchI DADhI vALe laDAyaka paNa hatyA karavAmAM AvatI. emanI talavArAnA jhapATAmAM vRttino ne krodhI hatA chatAM taddana sAdo hato. enA saradAra : keTalAya ajJAta hAsya vIlAI jatAM. cAMdInAM vAsamAM bhejana letA paraMtu eto lAkaDAnA pAtramAM ja jamatA. ane pUrvamAM haNone khALavAmAM AvyA. chatAM temaNe aTalAne bhAgye ja AkarSaka kahI zakAya. chatAM iti kabaje karele ghaNo kharo pradeza temane kabaje ja rahyo. pachI hAsamAM eNe pitAnuM sthAna nakkI karI lIdhuM che. bAkI eNe pAMcamI sadInA AraMbhamAM temaNe pharIthI pazcima tarapha Akakatala karI evA ghaNA rohAmaNune keLavAyelA visAre paDyA che. maNa AraMLyuM. A vakhate temaNe bIjI jaMgalI jAtane AgaLa karI. peMDAlane elAna pazcimamAM hAIna para utarI A eziyana zuMganuM jAti varSo pachI kokesamAM karI 1 varSa pachI kokesamAM TharI paDayAM temaNe romana prAnta gaula para trAsa varatAvyuM. emanI kAma thaI thoDAka samaya teoe zAntipriya, prajA tarIke pAchaLa haNAe jarmanIne khedAna medAna karI nAkhyuM. tyAM vasavATa karyo. Thera cAratAM ne vacherAM ucheratA. ekavAra eka gAyane bagAI vaLagI ne te pazcimamAM nAsI chUTI. karkanI pahele haNa saradAra uDIsa hate. isvIsana 408 mAM sAmUdradhUnInAM kIcaDavALAM pANImAM phasAI. ene govALa eNe pUrva sAmrAjya para AkramaNa karyuM. samagra pradeza kabaje ene zodhatA zodhate tyAM AvI caDhaye. atyAra sudhI A karatAM emane mAMDa mAMDa aTakAvavAmAM AvyA. paraMtu ulDIse kAMpavALI jamIna ene jagatane cheDe jaNAtuM hatuM paraMtu romane bhAna karAvyuM ke Akramaka saMrakSaNanI yojanA taiyAra enI sAmI bAju phaladrapa mayadAne AvelAM che e joI e karyA vinA emane chUTake ja nathI. uDIne enAM AkramaNa Azcarya pAmyA. pitAnI gAyane kApamAMthI bahAra kADhI. e na AvyAM hatA te aTIlA vadhAre vinAza verI gayo hota. pitAnA haNa pradezamAM pAcho vaLe. pitAnA sAthIone pite Aje paNa huNarASTra astitva dharAvatuM hota. joyelA varganI vAta karI pachI hUNu lake pUrva krimIyAmAM IsvIsana 432 mAM rU nAmane eka haNa saradAra utarI AvyA ne tyAM vasatA gaMtha lekanI katala karI pachInI itihAsanA pAnAM para camakI gayo che eNe pUrva rAmana gAthAo emanI vidhi paraMparAne katalanI ja vAto kahe che. sAmrAjyamAM potAnA elacIo ekalI khaMDaNInI mAgaNI IsvIsana 395mAM A navA jaMgalIoe romana sAmrA karI hatI. romanoe mudata mAgI tyAre eNe jaMgI AkramaNa jya para moTuM AkramaNa karyuM. pazcimanI DAnyuba nadI para nI taiyArIo karI. paraMtu suvAnA avasAnathI tAtkAlika to patharAI gayAM vaLI kensTATInopala ne kendramAM rAkhI rahyA. romana sAmrAjya bacI gayuM. pachI rUvAne be bhatrijA bleDA mana mokalI ne nI taiyArI ane e mudata mA Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha ne aTIlA saradAro banyA. yuddha karavA karatAM khaMDaNInI mAgaNI punaH karavAmAM vadhAre lAbha che ema A banne yuvAnee nirgu'ya lIdhA. atyAranA yugeAslAvIAmAM AvelA pAjharevAka ne tyAranA mAragara zaheramAM temaNe rAmana emanIene AmatraNa ApyuM. gheADe savAra thaI temanI sAthe temaNe maMtraNA karI. hUNAne peAtAnA jhaDapI gheADAonI pI para esI carcA karavAnuM phAvI gayuM hatuM paraMtu rAmanAne gheADA para besI carcA karavI bhAre agavaDa bharyuM lAgatuM. gauravahIna paNa jaNAtu. parantu A baTakA mANusA joDe jamIna para ubhA ubhA maMtraNA karavAnuM' te vadhAre hINuM lAgata. eTale temaNe paristhiti vadhAvI lIdhI. ghaNI ja kaDaka zarata romana pratinidhione kabula karavI paDI tenuM A eka kAraNa paNa hAi zake. vRddha rUAe vArSika sADA traNase suvarNa mudrAnI khaMDaNI TharAvI hatI. vinAze veratA AkramaNanI dhamakI ApI bleDA ne aTIkAe A kha'DaNI vArSika sAtaso suvarNamudrA TharAvI lIdhI. isvIsana 435 mAM saMdhi thai temAM bIjI AkarI zarato paNa lAdavAmAM AvI A saMdhi 'mAragasa karAra'tarIke itihrAsa prasiddha thaI. A saMdhi cha varSa sudhI barAbara paLAi parantu rAmanA khaMDaNI mekalavAmAM aniyamita banyA tethI banne bhAione punaH AkramaNa karyuM. isvIsana 441mAM hUNAe ghaNA rAmana nagarA bhakSmasAta karyAM. sIMgIpunama yAne arvAcIna khelagreMDa paNa dharAzAyI thayuM. isvIsana 442mAM TuMkI sadhi thaI para nyu isvIsana 443mAM trIju AkramaNu AvyuM. A jaMgalI AkramakAe cheka kensTAnTInepalanAM dvAra khakhaDAvyA gAlIpeAlInA dvipakalpamAM saMkhyAbaMdha rAmane haNAyA Akhare rAmaneAe saMdhinuM kaheNa mokalyu bleDAne aTIlAe bAkI khaDaNInI cha hajAra suvarNa mudrAe mAMgI. karI isvIsana 445mAM aTIlAe bleDAnI hatyA jaMgalI jAtionA samUha rAjyanI saradArI lIdhI te divasathI e sauthI vadhAre sarvoparI samrATa anya peAtAnA anuyAyI enI salAha lIdhA vinA ja eae potAnA AkramaNAnI yeAjanA ghaDI evI ja rIte vATAghATo karavA paNa e peAtAnI ja yAjanA pramANe pratinidhi ma'DaLo mAkalavA lAgyA yAjanA pAra paDatAM game teTalo vilaMba thAya parantu enu pariNAma aTIlA pahelethI ja pAmI jatA. peAtAnAM prAjanAnu nyAyataMtra phakata enA ekalanAja hAthamAM hatuM. dUra dUrathI paNa mukaradamA enI pAse lAvavAmAM AvatA gheADe savAra thaI pakSakArA aTIlA jyAM hAya tyAM AvatA TIlAnI lAkaDAnI jhUMpaDI AgaLa nata mastake ubhA rahetA pAta peAtAnuM nivedana rajU karatA turata ja tenA pheMsalA ApatA emAM e jarA paNa saMkoca anubhavatA saradAra 489 nahi. enA pheMsalA viruddha koi paNa eka harapha uccArI zakatu nahi. vahemI mAnasane lIdhe paNa A sampUrNa AjJAdhinatA prerAtI e vahemI vRttine cakara aTIlA huMmezA peAtAnA lAbhamAM vALI lete thADAMka varSo pahelAM keTalAka gAvALAne e jUnI talavAra ghAsamAMthI maLI AvI hatI. A geAvALA e talavAra peAtAnA saradAra pAse lai AvyA. aTIlAe turata ja phesalA ApyA are ! A talavAra te keTalAMya varSathI yuddha devatAnI kheAvAyelI talavAra che ene pAchI meLavavAnu mArA aTIlAnA ja kismatamAM lakhAyeluM hatuM have ApaNuM eka paNu AkramaNa niSphaLa nahi jAya be DAI paNa rASTra mArI sAme TakI zakaze nahi. IsvIsana 447mAM eNe bIjI eka jaMgI AkramaNa AdaryuM. IsvIsana 441 karatA pUrva rAmana sAmrAjya sAme A ghaNuM moTu' AkramaNa hatuM. AlkanamAM vinAza verIe cheka grIsa pahoMcI gayA. pachI traNa varSoM vATAghADomAM vItyAM enA pariNAmane gALA age eNe pahelethI ja nakakI ceAjanA karI lIdhI hatI. e jAte jyAre vATAghATo karavA jatA i tyAre peAtAnA pratinidhione meAkalatA enune enI maMDaLInuM bhayabhIta zatru bhavya svAgata karatAne mahephilA ApatA keTalAka mahinAne keTalIka vAra varSo pachI aTIlAne tenA sAthIe vipUla bheTa sogAdo sAthe pAchA pharatA AthI enA sAthIe! kAyama mATe vaphAdAra rahetA. bAkI A pazu cAraNeApajIvI hUNa saradAra khaMDaNImAM maLelA sAnA sivAya bIjuM ghaNuM dhADu ApatA. dhIme dhIme traibhava vilAsanI bhAvanA hUNeAmAM paNa prasaravA lAgI. hUNa jAtinA cAritrya palaTo lIdhe, lAbhadAyI aneka varSonI vATAghATo pachI eka sadhi taiyAra karavAmAM AvI. rAmaneAe kha`DaNI tarIke vadhAre mATI rakama ApavAnuM kabula karyuM... eTalu ja nahi paNa DAnyuma pradeza nI dakSiNanI vizALa paTI hUNa pradezamAM bheLavI devAmAM AvI. thoDA samaya pachI aDhIlAe peAtAnu dhyAna pazcimamAM vALyuM. thoDAM ja aThavADiyAmAM e samagra gaula pradezamAM patharAI gayA hata paraMtu have ene vATAghATAnA lAbha lAgyA, hatA. hITalaranI peThe eNe jAherAta karI. mAre gaulanu hulAna karatu nAnakaDu vizIgAtha rAjya phakta joIe che. mane vadhAre pradezane leAbha nathI. samrATa velenTAIne citA karavAnI khIlakula jarUra nathI. tema aTIlAnA dilanI vAta zI haze te ApaNe kahI zakIe nathI. paraMtu A daramiyAna jasTArgeTA onArIyAnA khAta nAma prasaMga anyA. hAnAriyA samrATa pelesTAinanI bahena hatI. eka zAhI kAmadAra sAthe enA sabaMdha baMdhAyA hatA. A vAta

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 pakaDAI gaI ne e kAmadAranI hatyA karavAmAM AvI. pachI AthI aTIlAnA krodhane pAra rahyo nahi. pUrva sAmrAhonorIAnI IcchA virUddha tene eka romana seneTara sAthe jya para eNe punaH AkramaNa karavA yojanA ghaDI enI AjJA paraNAvavAnuM nakkI karavAmAM AvyuM. hatAzathI prerAI hona- zIro dhAryA karyA vinA chuTake ja nathI. e pATha manane riyAe aTalAne saMdeza mokalyo. "tame Ave, huM tamArI bhaNAvo hato. sAthe paraNavA khuzI chuM. ghaNI suvarNamudrAo paNa paheramaNamAM maLaze.' tyAM vaLI eka bIjI mahilA visthita thaI. eNe aTIlAnI saghaLI bAjI uMdhI vALI aTIlAnuM rAjya paNa hakIkatamAM eno hetu bIlakula rAjadvArI hatuM. eNe bheMya bhegu karyuM. pitAnA saMbaMdhI karmacArIne samrATa banAvavAno niradhAra karyo hate pite sAmrAjJI banavA mAgatI hatI. pele vRddha ramana AkramaNane AraMbha thavAno hato tyAM IsvIsana 455mAM seneTara AvI bhAMjagaDamAM vacce paDavA mAgatA na hate. aTIlAe navI patnI paraNavAno nirNaya lIdhe. e jarmana eTale aTIlA saphala thAya e saMbhavita hatuM. honeriyAe hatI ghaNuM ja sauMdaryavatI hatI enuM nAma lIDIo lagna saMdezavAhaka pAThavyo potAnI rAjamudrA paNa enI sAthe pahelAMne pachI aTIlAe khUba ja madirApAna karyuM be bhAna mokalI. saMdezavAhake saMdeza Apyo rAjamudrA joI aTIlAne avasthAmAM ene lagna zaiyAmAM laI javAmAM AvyuM enA vizvAsa po aTIlAnA pahelA pratyAghAto kevA haze ete nAkamAMthI lehI vahevA mAMDayuM. sAMje agni samIpa e beTho ApaNe jANatA nathI. paraMtu e dUta pAchuM vaLe tyAre hatuM tyAre paNa ghaNIvAra nasakorI phuTI hatI paraMtu zaumAM samrATa velenTAInanA mANasoe ene pakaDI lIdho ne AkhuM ene mukavAmAM Avyo tyAre rakta sAva baMdha thaI gayuM hatuM. ya kAvatru samrATa AgaLa khulluM thayuM. pachI e dUtane mArI nAkhavAmAM Avyo. honoriyAne tenI mAtA pAse mokalI parantu bIje divase bapora pachI aTIlAnA parijane devAmAM Avyo. pachI enuM zuM thayuM enI kazI ja mAhitI enA khaMDamAM praveza karavA nirNaya lIdho. badhA aMdara gayA. ApaNane maLatI nathI. aTIlA enA khaMDamAM marelo paDyo hate. ene Akhe deha lehIthI bhIMjAI gaye hato enI navavadhu paDakhe beThI beThI paraMtu have aTalAe heneriyAnuM mAthuM karyuM ne kalpAnta karI rahI hatI. enA zarIra para kaI ghA naheAte pazcima sAmrAjyane ardha pradeza paherAmaNImAM mAge. nAkamAMthI punaH bhAre rakata strAva thavAthI e niMdrAmAMja guMga paraMtu A vakhate pite pacAvI zake enA karatAM aTI. LAI maryo haze. emAM kAMI ja zaMkA nahatI. lAnI mAgaNI ghaNI vadhAre hatI romanoe virodha karyo ne rezamI taMbumAM ene mRtadeha geDavavAmAM Avyo visIgotha sAthe temaNe saMdhi karI lIdhI Ama yuddha phATI kuzaLamAM kuzaLa azvasavAro e raNuhAMka gajAvatAM enA nIkaLyuM, prathama te haNono vijaya thato jaNAye emaNe taMbumAM Aju bAju cakakara lagAvyA sainikoe potAnI talavAro oralInsa kabaje karyuM paraMtu yudhdha nATakIya palaTo lIdhe - potAnA vadana para ThapakArI raNasura pAchaLa Akanda karavAnuM jaMgalI dhADAne gaulamAMthI hAMkI kADhavAmAM AvyAM. aTalAne , na hoya. AMsu sAravAnA na hoya paraMtu maradonAM lehInA A pahelane eka ja parAjya hatuM. chaMTakAvathI ene navAjavA joIe." aTIlAnI kArakIrdIne A bhAre phaTake hato. chatAM e Ama haNanA sarvotama samrATanA jIvanane anta svastha thayene bIje ja varSe ITalI para AkramaNa karyuM. Avyo. e sAthe haNa rASTranuM jema paNa osarI gayuM. mIlAna verAntA plega vagere ghaNuM uttaranAM zahera eNe plenDAne aTIlAe bhegA rahI potAnA sAmrAjya para hakumata luMTayA, Ama AkhAya dvipakalpamAM aTIlAe vinAza veryo calAvI hatI para tu aTIlAnA putroe sAmrAjyanA TukaDA parantu epInAina nahi oLaMgavAne eNe nirNaya lIdho. karI vaheMcI lIdhA vaibhava vilAsa vadhyA. Na. ddhAone eTalAmAM IsvIsana 4pa0mAM pUrvamAM na samrATa romanoe zAhI sainyamAM rokavA mAMDyA Ama Na rASTra nabaLu jAgyo. e majabuta mANasa hate eNe vArSika khaMDaNI ApavA paDatu ja gayu eka hajAra varSamAM te tenuM nAma nizAna bhUMsAI sApha InkAra karI dIdhuM. vATAghATo AraMbhAI paratu aTIlA gayuM. jema yuddhamAM niSphaLa gayo hato tema A vATAghATomAM paNa niSphaLa gaye. romane bIlakula casyA nahi. rAbetA mujabanI parantu kutA, luMTAru vRttine zastra kuzaLatAnA pratika bheTa sogAdo paNa ApI nahi. samAvaDA aTalAnuM nAma amara thaI gayuM. Jain Education Intemational ucation International

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha Y61 J11111111111001 Phone : 331652 & 333520 Monarch Pulveriser For W:H:11NEN130:112111131014133KM34031:13:1431813 Microfine Grinding of Dyes, Chemicals Pharmaceuticals Minerals Pigments. Cosmetics etc. and for wet Grinding of Slurrie & Pastes. Monarch Engg. Works. 13, Kharva Gali, 6th Kumbharwada, Bombay-4 acceneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee o to Hee oneeeeeeeeeeeef Cable : SOHILRAJ Phones Office : 298248 Resi. : 362803 Cable : SOHILRAJ Phone : 5007-5008-5009 Sohilraj Industries Factory & Registered Ofice : Nirmalnagar, BHAVNAGAR-1 (Gujarat) 11ttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttt: Refined Oils Refined Groundnut Oil Refined and Medicinal Castor Oil Bombay Office : Sohilraj Industries The Hotel Bombay International 29, Marine Drive, BOMBAY-20 (BR). Jain Education Intemational

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X2 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga Phone No. 333011 Gram : "GLUEACID" Perfact Bright Steel Industries Manufacfurers of M. S. BRIGHT BARS Round Hex, Sq. & Flats Bhavnagar Rajkot Road, VARTEJ (Saurashtra) R. Savailal & Co. 39, Sinthi Lane, Bombay-4. 000000000oCocC0OOOOOOOCQ000000000000-00000OOOOCOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOGOPC00000000-00 With Best Compliments From Abhay Properties Pvt. Ltd. Abhay Builders Pvt. Ltd. Yashdhir Hotel Pvt. Ltd. 11 ( Hotel Kings International ) The Textile Engravers Ltd. Darshan Theaters Pvt. Ltd. Yashvant Corporation. (BOMBAY) DES200CKS Jain Education Intemational

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[...] sa, zInane o sara karyuM : ga gayuM. khalIpha hAruna alarazIla hArana alarazIda abAsAIDa sAmrAjyanA khalIpha. kAraNa bhAva astittvajadharAvate na hote. dareka banAva sIdhe e sAmrAjya cheka bhAratathI uttara AphrikA sudhI vistarela. Izvarane ja AbhArI che. ema teo mAnatA. dareka vastune hArunane janma IsvIsana 763mAM avasAna IsvIsana 809 Izvare kurAnamAM uttara ApI dIdhela ja che. eTale vizvamaMDaLa mAM emano trevIsa varSane rAjyakALane emanA putra khalIpha viSe prazno karavA te temane mana narI dhRSTatA ja hatI. memunane rAjyakALa vaibhavane vidyAnAM punaruddhAra mATe suvarNa Ama te hAruna alarazIda khuba ja dharmapremI manuSya yuga lekhAya che. kavio, saMgItakAro, ne lekhakoe ene e hato. varSa varSanAM aMtare e page cAlatA makkAnI lAMbI rIte bIradAvyo che. "arabanI rAtrIo nI vArtAoe ene yAtrA karatA. chatAM e , yAtrA karatA. chatAM e buddhizALIne kutuhala prIya hatA eTale muka mazahUra banAvyuM. ghaNI vAto khalIpha hAruna upara racA- emaNe prAcIna grIsanAM graMthane prAcIna bhAratanAM saMskRta graMtha yelI che. maMgAvI enu arabI bhASAmAM bhASAtara karAvyuM. A kArya A vArtAomAMthI ghaNI kharInuM mULa IrAnane IjIpta khalIpha mAnuM e paNa umaMgabhera cAlu rAkhyuM. eTale prAcIna che. paraMtu e vArtAo bagadAdanuM eka surekha citra raju kare zANapaNa naSTaprAya thatuM bacI gayuM. pAchaLathI erokasa ne che. enAM bhavya mahAlayo, ene zrImaMta vyApArI varga so elisinnAnI bilavaNuM thaI. emaNe erIsTolane bIjA keInuM dhyAna kheMce che. hArunanA pitAmaha khalIpha manasUre vidvAnonA jJAnane yurapanI vidyApIThamAM phelAvyuM. cInathI kAgaLa TAIgrIsanAM kinAre e nagara vasAvyuM hatuM. "cInane ApaNI banAvavAnI kaLA dAkhala karI. hArane pragatinuM bIjuM pAna vacce kazeja aMtarAya nathI. dariyApAranI tamAma vastuo sara karyuM. pariNAme tAmrapatrane jala vanaspati para AdhAra jalAge TAIgrIsamAM AvI zake tema che. vartulAkAra bagadAda rAkhavAnuM ghaTI gayuM. khalIpha kAvyane saMgItanI kadara karatA cAre dizAmAM phelAI gayuM hatuM. samagra vizvanuM vyApAra kendra mesulane mazaDara IbrAhImane IgnanImInA saMcAlana nIce banI rahyuM hatuM. deza dezAvaranAM jahAjeenI gAdIone rezama saMgItanI zALAo cAlatI. tenA. jarajhaverAta, cIna, bhArata, cIna, ne pUrva AphrikA darabAramAM IrAnIo ane bhAratIya vidyA jANI lAvelA mAMthI lAvI lAvI ThAlavatA raNujA, gulAma khecI lAvatA megI ane jevA videzIonI avara javara vadhI paDI. tethI eTale gulAma bajAramAM grIka, zikSake ziyanane Aphrikana chokaro paNa vidyA vikAsane ghaNuM ja uttejana maLyuM. bauddhIka kutala chokarIo jovA maLatA. emAM sauthI suMdara hoya te khalIpha priyatA kalAtmaka buddhine nUtana kAvya teo sAthe lAvyAM A ne amIra umarAvane pahoMcADavAmAM AvatA. A gulAma darabArI paradezIomAM moTe bhAge muslIma hatA. agAunA bajAra sauMdaryane buddhinA vividha pratikethI ubharAtuM. arvAcIna umAyaDa vaMzane pachInA abasAIDa vaMza vacce Aja meTo holIvuDane paNa kayAMya pAchaLa rAkhI detuM zrImate vilAsa pharaka hate. UmAIDa vaMza damAskasanI AsapAsa kendrIta thayo jIvana ejaMdu thaI paDyuM hatuM jyAre Ama janatA rAjya hate. emanuM alaga Araba sAmrAjya hatuM. e pUrvamAM bhArata darabArane rAjya vistAra jALavavA AkaraverA bharatI eTale sudhIne pavimamAM peIna sudhI vistaryuM hatuM Araba amIemanAM jIvanamAM te eka patnI vrata ja vyavahAru rIte najare rAta ene kuzaLatAthI vahIvaTa karavI. IrAnI jogIana bAya paDatuM. Ama virodhAbhAsane asthiratAnI duniyA ApaNAne jhenTAIna grIkane anya muslIma dharma aMgIkAra karelAo karavA araba rAtriomAM vAMcavA maLe che. e kevaLa kalpanA ja Arabone agrasthAna ApavAmAM AvatuM. e bIjA varganA nathI bagadAdane gulAma rAto rAta sattA dhIza banI jato. nAgarIke hatAne mavAlI tarIke oLakhAtA. te divase zrImaMta bhIkhArI thaI jato. mavAlIoe baMDa pokAryuM che ambasAiDane paDakhe rahayAM. paraMtu hArana ala razIdanAM rAjyanuM rasika pAsu te A asiAIDA payagambara mahamadanA kAkA abbAsanA vaMzajo vidyAnuM punarutthAna hatuM. samagra Araba jagatamAM e taraMge hatA. Isina 7pa0mAM e sattA para AvyA. Araba ane patharAI gayA hatA. eTaluM ja nahiM paNa yuropamAM paNa bIna Araba vacce kAja pharaka gaNavAmAM AvatuM nahi. phelAyA hatA. Izvara dharmAnja Izvara vAdInI tyAre janatA hakIkatamAM khalIpha hArUnane khalIpha mAnumanAM kArakidIne dara para bhAre pakaDa hatI. paraMtu prAcIna grIsanAM tattvajJAna miyAna IrAnIne rAjya kArabhAramAM vadhAre prAdhAnya apAya ne vijJAnanI temane ghaNI ja ochI mAhitI hatI. eTaluM ekasanAM tuka khalIphanAM aMgarakSako banyA. ja nahi. tarkazAstranAM pAyA para racAyelA praznAtmaka tattva- paraMtu samaya jatA Araba sAmrAjyanI ekatA tuTI jJAna prati emane bhAre sUga hatI. emane khyAlamAM kArya peI uttara AphrikAne bhAratanAM haripha khalIpha ubhA thayA. Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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484 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 ghAtakIne dagAbAja hovA chatAM khalIpha hArUna utsAhI rAjavI hArUnanI mAtA khAIjharAna have lagnanA dAve sAmANI hate cInane zArlimenane teNe elacIo mokalyA hatA. banI hatI eTale khalIpha uparaone bhAre prabhAva paDato hArUna IsvIzana 800nI sAlamAM pape zAlemenane pazvimana samrATa eno lADakavAyo dIkaro hato eTale eNe hArunane khalIpha sthApyo hato. zAlimenane khalIphe eka hAthI eka jala banAvavA maheMdI para dabANa karyuM. paraMtu eno meTo dIkaro ghaDIyALane jerUsalemanA pavitra dharma maMdIranI cAvI mokalI hADI te samaye IrAnamAM raNe caDhayo hato teNe pitAne ApI hatI. paraMtu AvA AdAna pradAnathI emano sabaMdha hakka jato karavA sApha InkAra karyo potAnI IcchA bara lAvavA paraspara gaDhi banI zakyo nahi emanA jAhera patra vyavahAramAM khalIpha hAruna sAthe eka moTuM sainya laI bagadAdathI IrAna gunAnanI chAMTa hatI vaLI banne deza dura dura AvelA hovAthI javA nIkaLyA. paraMtu mArgamAM enI eka IrSALu rakhAte kaI svArthanI harIphAIne bIlakula sthAna nahotuM kensTATInepalanA bIjI strI mATe jhera pAyeluM phaLa khalIphanAM khAvAmAM AvI grIkane abbAsAIDa sAmrAjyanAM baMDanA parINAme khalIphane gayuM ne maheMdInuM te tAlIsa varSanI vaye avasAna thayuM. pachI bagadAdanAM vaibhavI jIvanane ghaNIvAra tyAga karavo paDato sIrI- hAruna ala razIde bhAre mutsaddI gIrI vAparI enI paDakhe AnuM ararAkakA choDavuM paDatuM ne sainyanI saradArI levI paDatI. meTuM sainya hatuM. eNe dhAryuM hota to enA pitAnI IcchA alamanasuranA nAme mazahura thayelA bIjA abbA ne amala karAvI zakyo hoya paraMtu eNe hADIne tAkIde sAIDa khalIpha abu jAphare IsvIsana 762mAM bagadAda zahera bagadAda AvI khalIphanuM siMhAsana saMbhALI levA saMdeza basAvyuM. e vartulAkAra nagarI sthApAyAnAM thoDA varSo bAda mokalyA. AthI khAIjhArAne khUba ja gusse thaI gaI. navA hArano janma thaye hate. bagadAdanI dakSiNe AvelA ala khalIpha ene anta puramAM keda karI. enI agAunI sattA kuphAthI alamanasura navuM pATanagara bagadAda badhA ja rahyAM vAparavAne have koI avakAza rahyo nahIM. paraMtu dAsIo tyAre tyAM rahevA Avyo hato. alamanasure pitAnA putra dvArA eNe hADInAM patananI yojanA ghaDI. mahedIne IrAnamAM AvelA TAbarIstAtanA rAjyapAlanAM baLa have khalIpha hADIe bhUla karI. eNe hArano khalipha thAne dAbI devA mokalyA hatA rAjyapAlane parAjya ApI banavAno adhIkAra jhUMTavI lIdhe. ne pitAnA putranI pitAnA mahedIe rAjyapAlanA aMta:puramAthI be irAnI kumArikAone vArasa tarIke nImaNuMka karI. AvuM apakRtya karatA khalIphane luMTa tarIke hastagata karI hatI. emAMnI ekanuM nAma khAIjha aTakAvavA yAdhAe ghaNAM prayatna karyo paraMtu cAhyAne jelamAM rAna enAthI maheMdIne ma putro thayAM hADIne hArUna taherAnanAM nAMkhavAmAM Avyo. paraMtu hADI mesula gayo ne tyAM bimAra rAI gAmamAM temane janma bIjI kumArikAthI maheMdIne eka paDyo. enI mAtAe karelI yojanA mujaba enI ja rakhAputrI maLI tenuM nAma abAsAhArUne ambAsAne karUNa rIte anta tAoe enA jIvanane aMta ANyo. khAIjhArAne hArUna Ara. rAyamAeja samaye khAlIdanAM putra irAnI yAhyA Igna alarazIdane khalIpha tarIke sthApavA badhI ja taiyArIo karI bArama kane phadI nAmane putra avataryo. khalika khalIpha ala dIdhI hatI. IsvI sana 786 mAM e hetu siddha thayo. hArUna manasurane ucca kakSAne aphasara hatA. Ama hAruna ne kUdI ala razIda trevIsa varSanI vaye khalIpha banyo. khalIpha tarIke ucharyA emanI mAtAo gADha sakhIo hatI eka bIjAnA hArano abhiSeka thayo. te ja divase enI IrAnI. gulAma putrane potAnA putra je ja gaNatI. kanyAe mAsumane janma Apyo. pachI enI patni subedAthI IsvI sana 775 mAM khalIpha ala manasuranuM avasAna ene bIjo putra Avyo. thayuM. tyAM sudhI hAruna aMge ApaNane khAsa mAhitI maLatI nathI paraMtu navA khalIpha meMhadIe pitAnA aDhAra varSanAM bedA agAunAM khalIpha ala mansuranI putrI hatI. putra hArunane eka lAkha sainikonu lazakara lai kosTAnTIne eTale enA putrane mAluma karatAM agAu khalIpha thavAne adhipalanI grIka samrAjJI IrIna sAme laDavA mokalyo. yAhyA Ibna kAra maLe. hArunanA avasAna pachI A IrAnI gulAma kanyAnA bAramAka IrAnI jamInadAranA kulIna kuTuMbane nabIre hato. putra ane putra ane Araba patnInA putra vacce vArasA hakakanI laDAI enA dAdA IrAnanA mukhya jherosTrIana devAlayanAM bAramAka ke thaI. pariNAme Antara vigrahamAM zaktizALI mAnumane IrAnI saMrakSaka hatA. yAhyAne hArunanA salAhakAra tarIke sAthe mokalyo tane vijaya thayo. hato. khAlIda ane yAhyA ane muslIma dharma svIkAryo khalIpha hArunanA samayamAM paNa Araba muslimane bIna hate hArananAM sainya grIka senAne cheka bespharasa sudhI hAMkI Araba muslima vaccenI hariphAI cAlatI ja hatI. paraMtu kADhI samrAjJIne saMdhI karavA pharaja pADI. vArSika meTI rakama irAnI tatva prabaLa hatuM. bAramAkanA putra yAhmAne enA ba khaMDaNI tarIke ApavA kabulAbuM A vijayathI khalIpha mahedI putro phaDIne jAphara sarva sattAdhIza hatA. tyAre yAhA aDatAputra para khuba ja prasanna thayA. siriyAthI ArabAI jhana vIsa varSane hate e khalIphane vajhIra hate hArunanA vArasA sudhInA pazcima prAMtanAM hAranane rAjyapAla nimyA. emane hakakane bacAva karavAthI ene jelavAsa maLyuM hatuM. tene alarazIdane IlkAba ApavAmAM Avyo. A rIte badale vALI ApavAmAM Avyo hate. kadI sAmrAjya Jain Education Intenational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 495 nA vahIvaTamAM yAhmAnA mukhya pratinidhi hate jAphara rahasya thatI. eTale gAdInazIna thayA pachI ATha varSe hArane potAnuM maMtrIne aMtaHpurane saMrakSaka hate A banne putra "choTA pATanagara bagadAdathI uttara sirIyAmAM alarakakAha pheravyuM. hatuM. vajhIra' kahevAtA jAphara eka sAre vakatA hatA. buddhizALIne tethI e pradeza para dhAryo kAbu jaLavAI rahe. eTaluM ja nahi sehAmaNo hate. e khalIphane aMgata mitra banI gayA hatA paNa sAmrAjJI IrIna pachI AvelA samrATa nikepherasa prati khalIpha hArUna aniMdrAne bhoga baneluM hatuM eTale sAthe paNa cAMpatI najara rAkhI zakAya. besI carcA kare evA keI vidvAna sAthInI ene jarRra hatI nahi te madirAne mAnunIno gulAma banI jAta AkhI rAtri khalIpha hArUna ala razIda aMge ghaNuM khyAle pravarte che. temanI sAthe gALI vahelI savAre dAdanA vividha mahAna kAI enuM joma, zaktine buddhine biradAve che. jyAre koI halAomAM rajhaLatAM hota * Araba rAtrio nI vArtAomAM enA rastAne dagAbAjI ne vakhoDe che. paraMtu bAramAka khalIpha haMmezA jApharane pitAnI paDakhe rAkhe che. vaLI kavine kuTuMba pratyenAM enAM vyavahArane badhAM ja ekI avAje dhikkAre mazkara abunavAsa tathA nI phAMsIgara mazahura paNa temanI che. abbAsAIDa sAmrAjya mATe yAhyA ane tenA be putroe sAthInI hoya che bAramAka kuTuMba sAthe khalIkanA sabaMdha gha aaN ghaNA ja 'rizrama karyo hate. ne kuzaLatAthI tene saMgaThita ja gADha hatA. ne temanA hAthamAM rAjyataMtranI laDyA hovAthI karyuM hatuM. paraMtu e kuTuMba khalIpha sAthe ghaNo ja gADha IrAnI rIta rIvAjonuM mahatva vadhe e svAbhAvika ja hatuM saMbaMdha dharAvatuM hatuM. be lIpha kizAra hatA tyAre yAhyA enAM khalIpha paNa e vAtane vadhAvatA. vAlI tarIke rahyo hato. phadI khalIphane sAvake bhAI hatuM ne jApharate emane aMgata mitra hato. khalIphane jApharanAM saMbaMdho jyAre unmAda vaMzamAM Araba lekataMtranI chAMTa eTalAM badhA gADha hato ke tenI dhaNI ghaNI vAta thAya che. dekhAya che arabrastAnanAM raNanI e bakSisa che. tethI rAjakartA ema kahevAya che ke khalIpha TAIgrIsanI pele pAra AvelA kAMIka kAbumAM rahetA paraMtu hArunanAM rAjyataMtramAM te irAnI yAdhAnA mahela sAme tAkI rahetA ne bolatA. "mane pUchyA siddhAnta rAjyakartAne daivI adhikAra-svIkArAya hate. khalI vinAja yAdhAe saghaLI kAravAI pitAne hastaka laI lIdhI phano virodha rAjadra ha lekhAtA khalIpha saramukhatyAra hoya e jaNAya che. vAstavika rIte eja khalIpha che. huM nathI. " naisargika gaNAtuM. pitAnI IcchAmAM Ave tema e lokone jelamAM pUro trAsa Apate ne mArI paNa nAkhate A kadAca AthI ja e bAramAka kuTuMbane vidhI thaI sarasukhatyArI sattAne hArUMne ghaNIvAra durapayoga karyo che ne gayA haze. IrSAnuM e bIjuM svarUpa ja hatuM hArunanA khAsa karuNa pariNAme ANyAM che. ene darabAra ullAsa, jJAna sAthI jAphara ne paheluM maravAnuM AvyuM. e prArthanA karatA ne saMskRtinuM darzana karAvatA. jyAre kamanasiba mAnatA hatA tyAre mazahure enI hatyA karI enuM mastaka hAruna jelamAM sabaDatA yA mAhitI mATe trAsa bhogavatA. pAse lAvavavAmAM AvyuM. hArane enA Aropa uccAryA. paraMtu have te javAba ApI zake tema na hatAM. A hatyAnuM khalIphane hAthe khuba ja chuTo hate. chatAM sAmrAjyano mukhya kAraNa hArunanI sAvakI bahena abAsA jaNAya che. vahIvaTa kuzaLatAthI cAla. vArSika eka karoDa sATha lAkha abAsA mATe hArunane khUba ja Adara hate pite jAphara sAthe savaNa madA rAjyanI AmadAnI hatI. speinane uttara AphrikA vArtA vinoda karatA hoya tyAre abAsA hAjara rahe tevuM khalIpha chaTA paDI gayAM hatAM. te paNa e jamAnAmAM te e bhAre IchatA paraMtu IslAmI rItarivAja mujaba A kempa lekhAtuM saMpatti lekhAtI tyAre Ama janatAnI keLavaNI ke sAmAjIka nahi hArane ene teDa kADhayo. jApharane abAsAnAM lagna karI paristhitine paravA ja karatuM nahiM. hAruna garIbanI vahAre nAkhavAM. paraMtu A lagna phakata nAmanAM ja hatAM evuM jAhera dhAte rejanI cAlIza suvarNa mudrA bairAta karate. dharmabhAvathI karavAmAM AvyuM. sAmAnya mAnavI khalIphanA sagAMne hArana alarazida vizrAma sthAne nabhAvate makakAnI yAtrAnAM paraNe e yogya lekhAtuM nahi. paraMtu pAchaLathI abAsA jAphamAge ThAma ThAma evAM vizrAma sthAne najare paDatAM rAjyane ranA premamAM paDI gaI. jApharanAM khaMDamAM zuddhavAre rAtre je AMtarika vyavahAra paNa sArI rIte sacavAte bagadAdathI damA- gulAma kanyA mekalAvatI hatI tenuM sthAna abAsAe levuM skasane pelesTAInathI IjIpta sudhInAM rAjamArgo bAMdhavAmAM evI eNe pejanA karI. paraMtu pariNAmanI 9panA karatAM AvyAM hatA. uttara AphrikAmAM paNa rAjyamArgonI sagavaDa jAkara bhayabhIta banI gayo. chatAM bane maLatAM ja rahyAM ne hatI agni khUNAmAM bAyajhenTAIna sAmrAjaya sudhI rAjamArgo emane ema emane be putre thayA emane ucheravA chUpI rIte laMbAtA paranuM sauthI mahatvane rAjamArgo te pUvane makkA mokalI ApavAmAM AvyA eka evI paNa vAta che ke IrAnI rAjamArga hate. enA para Theka ThekANe killebaMdI khalIphe abAsAne tenA be putranI hatyA karAvI nAkhI. vALI sarAIo bAMdhavAmAM AvI hatI. tethI sainya sahelAIthI avara javara zakatuM. addabhUta TapAla mAstara guptacaranuM yAhyA have vRddha thayA hatA. emanA putra kadane ala kAma karatA. siriyAne IrAnamAM ghaNI kharI muzkelIo ubhI rakakAhamAM jelamAM nAkhavAmAM Avyo hate bAramAka kuTuMbanI Jain Education Intenational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 tamAma milakta japta karavAnAM chUka chUTyA hatA. bhAInI >>000000000000000000000000000000000- 000e hatyAnAM samAcAra sAMbhaLI phadI para pakSAghAtane humalo thayo. hArunanuM IsvIsana 809 mAM avasAna thayuM te pahelAM thoDA 4 tAra "ka" nipANI phena ephIsa-2 nipANI. ja samaya agAu yAhAne phadI jelamAM avasAna pAmyA. suDa bara-3. tAlIsa varSanI vaye kensaranI bimArIthI khalIpha IrAnamAM avasAna pAmyA. samarakaMdanA raphI Igna le baMDa karyuM hatuM, tene dAbI devA khalIpha jaI rahyA hatA. khalIpha tusa nAmanA akhIla bhAratamAM gAma pahoMcyA tyAre emane potAne anna najIka che, evI bIDI tamAkanA agresara vitaraka khabara paDI gaI. emaNe najIkamAM ja potAnI samAdhi taiyAra karAvI. emanA avasAna pahelAM baMDakheranA bhAIne keda pakaDI temanI samakSa hAjara karavAmAM Avyo. enuM zuM karavuM e khalIphane prazna karavAmAM Avyo. atyAre mArAmAM belavAnI zAha chaganalAla ugaracaMda paNu zakti rahI nathI" sadguNI hAruna belyo paraMtu je eka beke prosesarsa zabda bolavAnuM hoya te huM Adeza ApuM chuM: " ene mArI nAkhe. " prAiveTa limiTeDa nipANI (ceramena zrI DI. sI. zAha je. pI.) 2000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 phekaTarI ophIsa : nipANI ji. belagAma ka 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 ophIsa : 366774 TelIgrAma : JAIGITAJI raheThANa : 369757 dhIrajalAla enDa kAM . dhIrajalAla ema. zAha dhAMgadhrAvAlA] 300/ka tAradeva roDa, nAnA ceka, muMbaI che 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 pazcIma bhAratamAM lekara thInaranA sauthI moTA utpAdaka spezyAlITa phora selejha pInara enemala vInara na rITArDara thInara sTovIMga pInara DIsTrIbyuTa sTokIsTa ane pratinidhio bhAratabharamAM badhA ja mukhya rAheramAM che. hahahahahaha00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha phe. 31286 TAyara yugamAM IlAsTIkA 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e 2. na. 37018. che. bokSa naM. 319. sthApanA tA. 14-7-70 eDITa vaga "e" ceramena:- zrIyuta ramaNalAla parasetamadAsa cekasI. dhI mANeka coka ke. opareTIva benka li. amadAvAda benkanA pragati sUcaka keTalAka AkaDAM, adhikRta zera bhaMDoLa. rU. 15 00,000. bharapAI thayeluM zera bhaMDALa 2. 11,01,300, thApaNe. 2. 122,90,500. kAmakAjanuM bhaMDoLa. 2. 2,12 49,000, tA. 30-6-73ne 2Aja napho rU. 1,71,522. (1) eka varSanI bAMdhI mudata mATe 7 1/2 % ane pAMca varSanI mudata mATe 8 1/2 % vyAjano dara che. (2) benkane jAhera TrasTa, khAnagI TrasTa, temaja sAmAjika saMsthAonI thApaNe svIkAravAnI paravAnagI rAjya sarakAra taraphathI maLI gaI che. te thApa para cAlu vyAjanA darathI aDadhe TakA vadhu ApavAmAM Ave che. vyAjanA dara mATe benkamAM maLe. (3) rU. 3000/- 3 varSanI mudata mATe mukavAthI dareka mahine rU. 20/-vyAja maLe che. benka benkIMgane lagatu' tamAma kAmakAja kare che. hiMmatalAla sAMkaLacaMda zAha. | menejara. 2000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 * TAyara ilAsa ka majabuta * TAyara ilAsTIka TakAu AkarSaka ane TAyara ilAsTIkA ava salAmata, saraLa ane lAMbI musApharI mATe ApanI sAyakalamAM vApare TAyara "IlAsTIkA? pa kaH ilAsTIkA rambara varkasa saijapuraghA, nareDA reDa, amadAvAda s9000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 * grAma : kemIkasa-bhAvanagara, phona : 3567-4478 bhAvanagara A udyoga dara traNa varSa traNa karoDa uparAMta huMDIyAmaNa raLI ApavAnI zakti dharAve che. DioIDa keIka nikAsa sAbunA kArakhAnAo mATe tathA sepa sToka khAtaranA upayoga mATe amArA utpAdane kAMTA chApa solavanTa ekaTreka TiMkacarsa-spIrITasa rIphAInDa zIMgatela bhAvanagara kemIkala varkasa (1946) lImITeDa solavanTa-ekaTrekaTarsa enDa phArmAsyuTIkala menyuphekacararsa varateja bhAvanagara 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jain Education Intemational

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mahaMmada mahaMmada janmathI ja dhArmika vRttine hate. ghaNIvAra duniyAmAM bAvIsa karoDa pacAsa lAkha hIrA girimALAnI eka kaMdarAmAM ekAntamAM e besI rahetA vyaktio muslIma dharma pALe che. A ekaja makakAthI e sthaLa traNa mAIla dUra hatuM. tyAM e prArthanA hakIkata mahaMmadanuM mahatva dAkhavavA pUratI che. karatene dhyAna dharate. emanA dosto jyAre khelakUdamAM samaya eka govALiyAno chokaro mahAna dhArmika pasAra karatA tyAre e kahetA, manuSyane ramata mATe nahi paNa paddhatine sthApakane payagaMmbara banyA. AMtara koI ucca hetu mATe pedA karavAmAM Avyo che. parantu abupreraNA ane talavArathI e pUrvanA dezomAM tAlibane chekarAnI AvI TevamAM enuM kalyANa jaNAtuM nahiM prasarI gaye. ane navuM jIvana ne navo dharma eNe pitAnA samavaDIA jeDe chUTathI haLavuM maLavuM joIe Apyo. mohaMmada makakA choDI madInA bhAgI ema e mAnatA eTale duniyAne vyavahAru AdamI bane te gaye te sAlathI vizvabharanA ItihAsane asara mATe abutAlibe mahaMmadane eka UMTa savArane se e pahoMcADanAra AMdolanane AraMbha thayo che. uMTa savAra khAdijA nAmanI eka bAIne kAphale saMbhALa tyArathI no hijharI saMvatsara gaNavA mAMDyo e bAI arabrastAna ane IrAna sAthe bahoLo vahepAra pharatI ne khUba paisA kamAtI. rAma kAphalA sAthe aneka pravAsa karavAthI mahaM. 8 allAha ilAha akabara' jagatamAM ekaja Izvara madane vividha biDeina jAtio. vaccenI hariphAInA pariNAme che ne te mahAna che. yuga yugAntarathI A bela minArA utpanna thatA kusupane aMdhAdhuMdhIne khyAla Avyo. Ama parathI jAge che. arabbI raNanA madhya pradezamAM taMbu tANI kAkAe ene jIvanapaMtha palaTavAne badale cintana vicAraNA paDelA uMTa savAranA virAma sthAna taMbumAM ghusI jAya che. mATe bhatrijAne vadhAre taka pUrI pADI. Ama purepuro grAmavAsI bevaDuM baLa prApta karI e avAja e taMbu bahAra nIkaLe hovA chatAM mahaMmada saMpUrNa Araba banyo. raNa pradezanA che samagra pUrva jagatamAM prasarI jAya che. paraspara jhaghaDatI Arabaleke prati enA avalekananA pariNAme ene bhAre jAtio pota potAnA aMdara aMdaranA jhaghaDA visArI mUke dhRNA pedA thaI. pazucAraNopajIvI hatuM emanuM jIvana. emanI che ne "nAstika' sAme saMdha baLa jamAvavA saMgaThana sAdhe che. cAlu yuddhakhorIne raMjADa prati mehaMmadane tiraskAra upajyA. A camatkArane sarjaka hato mahaMmada "prazaMsita' chatAM jarUra paDaye ne emanI pAse kAma le te vyApAra paNa IslAmane payagambara mAnava jAtane eka paMcamAM bhAga karatA, vyApAramAM mehaMmada, eTale badho saphala thayA ke enA avasAna pachI tera tera saikAo vItyA chatAM emanuM khadijAe enAmAM saMpUrNa vizvAsa mUkyA. eTaluM ja nahi nAma pUjya bhAvathI pUje che. paraMtu jyAre e paccIsa varSa thayo tyAre pote enAthI IsvIsana pa70nI sAlamAM eprilanI vIsamI tArIkhe ghaNI moTI hatI chatAM tenI sAthe lagna karavAnI darakhAsta paNa emane janma thaye. baunsa bavalanI bAramI tArIkhe mUkI. khadIjA tyAre cAlIsa varSanI hatI. somavAra mahAna popa gregarI saMta banyuM e sAla kureza isvIsana palpamAM mehaMmade khadIjA sAthe lagna karyA emanA kuTuMbanI jAti kAbAnA sAcavanAra kAbA abrAhamane ane e divasathI ja mehaMmade makAnA dharmamAM sudhAraNA ImeIle bAMdheluM evI daMtakathA che. e makakAmAM AvyuM. karavAne pAkako nizcaya karyo. emanuM daMpatI jIvana ghaNuM ja Ama cheka bALapaNathI memada dhArmika vAtAvaraNamAM ucharyo prema nIvaDyuM. hato. kAbAne kALe payara jhebrIala abrAhamane A Araba e jamAnAmAM mUrti pUjaka hatA. ane teo hate ema kahevAya che. hajAre yAtrike dara varSe kAbAnI vividha mUrtionI pUjI karatAM keTalAka neToriana khristI yAtrAe AvatA. mehaMmada nAnapaNathI A yAMtrikane haMmezAM banyA hatA. keTalAka yahUdI hatA. A laghumati saMkhyA kAbAnI sAta sAta pradakSiNuM pharatA nihALate. pharatAM pharatAM bAda karatAM eka IzvaramAM mAnatA. hoya evA kenI e yAtrALuo kaI maMtrano jApa paNa karatA hatA, mahaMmada saMkhyA ghaNI ja ochI hatI. have mehaMmahane durasadane samaya cha varSane thaye tyAre enI mAtAnuM avasAna thayuM. A vadhAre maLato eTale eNe kizorAvasthAnI pitAnI anAtha bAlakane enA mAmA abutAliba potAnI sAthe laI tapasvInI Teva punaH ekAnta ze dhavA mAMDayuM. prArthanA ne gayA. ane bharavADa tarIke tene tAlIma ApI. upavAsamAM tyAM ghaNo cAlu karI hIrA girimALAmAM punaH Jain Education Intenational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha samaya gALavA mAMDayo keTalIkavAra e ekalo jato. kaI kaI saMbhaLAya, paramAtmA pAsethI prakAza sAMpaDayA divya vANI vAra khadijA paNa enI sAthe jatI. chevaTe IsvIsana 610mAM pachI mehaMmadane pitAnA kArya mATe daDha zraddhA beThIne e ene devadUta grebrIalano sAkSAtkAra thayo. IzvaranA nAme kArya pUrNa karavAnI kozIzamAM ja bAkInI jIMdagI vyatIta kIrtana karavAno ane Adeza maLyo." karavA temaNe niradhAra karyo, mohaMmadanA janma pahelAM arabastAna para koI eka vaLI e jamAnAmAM ArabanuM zrI pratinuM vartana rAjAnI hakumata na hatI. dezamAM seMkaDo kabIlA hatA. A ghaNuM ja kharAba hatuM dIkarInA bApa thavAmAM Arabane hINaagaNIta kabIlAo vacce vAraMvAra laDAI thatI. dareka pata lAgatI dIkarI janme ke turata ene dATI devAmAM AvatI kabIla mAnate ke potAnuM kuLa uMcuM che. kaI paNa vyakti suvAvaDI bAInI bAjumAM ja eka khADo khodI taiyAra rAkhavAmAM pitAnA kuLanAM bIjA kuLanI vyakti AgaLa vakhANa kare che te Avate. putra janme te e khADe pUrI devAmAM AvatuM putrI bIjI vyakti e kadI sahana karI letI nahi. hathiyAra khakhaDa janme te ene e khADAmAM bhaMDArI devAmAM AvatI keTaleka tAM ne temanI veravRtti ane laDAIo keTalIye peDhIo sudhI sthaLe dIkarI pAMca varSanI thAya tyAre bApa enI mAtAne cAlu rahetI. dIkarIne zaNagAravA kahete sALa laI javAne bahAne e zaNagArelI dIkarIne eka kekarI para laI javAmAM AvatI pachI dareka kabIlAne pitAnA eka deva hatA koInA deva koine enA pitA ene dhakake mArI nIce uMDA khADAmAM pheMkI detA lAkaDAnA deva. pattharanA te keInA deva dhAtune hatA, be kabIlA ne tenA para mATI pheravI vALatA. zANuM ArabAne A vacce laDAI thAya e temanA deve vaccenuM paNu yuddha lekhAtuM rivAja khUMcate. ghaNIvAra vijetA Araba parAjIta ArabonA devane paNa keda te uparAMta dIkarIone keI paNa prakArano vAra karI laI jatA. ApavAmAM AvatuM nahi. eTaluM ja nahi paNa mRtyu pAmanAra dharmane nAme cAlatA AvA aMdherane leke para prati- purUSanI patnIone paNa mIlakata sAthe enA vArane suprata kuLa asara paDatI. Arabo bahAdura hatA, balidAna ane karavAmAM AvatI AthI oramAna mAtA sAthe paNa lagna karI tyAganI utkaTa bhAvAnA paNa dharAvatA Atithyane Teka to emanA zakAtuM. lagna mATe paNa jAta jAtanA rivAja hatA. lagna baMdhana bApanA ja. paraMtu badhA ja vahema ne kurivAjomAM DUbela hatA. dharma baMdhana nahotuM. A aMdhakAramAMthI prakAzamAM laI javA ke IzvarI avatAranI Araba dArU ghaNo pItA keTalIka vAra atizaya dArU arabastAnane jarUra hatI. pIvAthI mRtyu paNa pAmatA jugAra paNa khUba ramatA pitAnI vahepAra mATe mahaMmadane ghaNIvAra siriA javAnuM jAtane hoDamAM mUkI gulAma banI jatA A badhI badI nAbuda thatuM. tyAM. khristI vidvAne sAthe teo dharmanI carcA karatA karavA mehaMmade niradhAra karyo koIpaNa devadevIne mUtionI eka khristI mahaMta pradeza para mahaMmade ghaNIja sArI chApa pUjA choDI devA uMcanIcane khAnadAnanA bheda mITAvI pADI hatI. emanA praznano emanuM saMzodhanane emanI uDI devA, sarva manuSyane bhAI bhAve samajavA jugAra, zarAba, cerI draSTie e khristI sAdhune prabhAvita karyA hatA. sIrIAmAM vyabhicAra ane putrIonI hatyA jevAM burAM kAmathI dura ghaNuM varSo sudhI bauddha mahene vihAre TakayA hatA. paranta rahevA temaNe upadeza ApavA mAMDe. khristI samrATa thiyeDeziyase tamAma bauddha maMdira teDAvI sAcA Izvara eka IzvaranI pUjA karavA Adeza Apa nAkhyAM. jJAna vijJAnanAM badhAMja pustakane paNa nAza karyo. vAnA kAryamAMthI mehaMmada kadI DagyA nahi temaNe kAbAmAM praveza jJAnIonI eka sAmaTI katala karavAmAM AvI. karyo kurezInI mUrtipUjA vakhoDI kA. emane camakAvI ghaNAM varSonAM cintane saMzodhananA pariNAme mehaMmadanA mUkyA. dilamAM eka vAta vasI gaI arabastAnanA judA judA deve arabastAnanA raNamAM lUTAruono bhaya bahu hatA tyAre ja badhA kusupane saMgharSanuM kAraNa hatuM. Izvara eka ja che. kAbAnA maMdirano jIrNoddhAra karavAne prasaMga AvyA. luTArunA e mAnyatA lekamAM daDha thAya te ja kaya sthapAya A AkramaNa sAme ene majabUta banAvavA jarUra ubhI thaI. tyAre hetuthI temaNe eka koma racavAno nirNaya lIdhe. kAbAne pavitra patthara khaseDavAne prazna Avyo. e pavitra kArya karavAnuM mAna kone maLe ? vividha kurezI kuTuMbamAM A prazna duniyAnAM ghaNu kharA dharma saMsthApaka mahAmAo aMge takarAra paDI saMdharSe ghaNuM ja ujhane hiMsaka rUpa lIdhuM. tyAM pIrAne payagaMbarene kaIne kai rUpamAM IzvarI avAja sAMbhaLe mehaMmada upasthita thayA.emaNe potAnI cAdara jamIna para pAtharI hoya che zodhaka ane becena banelA mahaMmadane paNa eja kAbAnA pattharane upADIe cAdara para mUko. pachI kurezInAM rIte ne evI ja paristhitie pitAnA aMtaramAMthI avAja jhaghaDatAM cAra kuTuMbone vaDAne cAra cheDA pakaDI patthara upADavA Jain Education Interational

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pa00 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 Ama bhayaMkara na utpanna thayuM anya mezvara ajAoe zI- ' hArIka che. bIjA badhA ba hAtuM khUnane aMgata IjA pracAra vinaMti karI. Ama bhayaMkara saMgharSane anna Avyo. tethI Avazyaka lekha parantu gulAmenAM bAlake kAyadesaranI patnIe kurezI kuTuMbane mahaMmada mATe mAna utpanna thayuM. e takane nAM bAlake jeTalAM ja hakakadAra lekhate bAlakane bApa keNuM lAbha lai kAbAnI anya mUrtio sAthe potAne camatkArIka che enI bhALa na maLe te ja e bAlaka gerakAyadesara gaNAtu rIte sAkSAtkAra thayelA eka Izvara allAhanuM paNa pUjana bAkI bIjA badhAM bA? ke kAyadesara lekhAtAM gera kAyadesaratAne karavuM. ema samadhAna karI dhIme dhIme kurezIoe ekezvara- muslIma kAnUnanAM sthAna nahotuM khUnane AtmaghAtane mehaMmada vAda prati doravA haMmade dhAraNA rAkhI. ArabhamAM kurezI- vakhoDI kADhate parantu svamAna khAtara ke aMgata IjA khAtara oe enI vAta sAMbhaLavA taiyArI paNa batAvI. Ama mehaM karavAmAM AvatI khUnarejI nabhAvI lete Ama pAMca varSanA madanI yukti cabarAka hatI. mAnava svabhAnuM uMDu jJa na dAkha- gALAmAM mehaMmadane e anuyAyIo maLyAM. vatI, paraMtu TUMka samayamAM ja mehamaMdane pratIti thaI ke mahaMmadanA siddhAMta pracalita thAya te kurezIonI alAha H eka Izvara : nI avagaNanA karavAmAM AvatI hatI. - sattA ane mAnada padavIno aMta Ave emAM kazIja zaMkA eTale kurezIo mAnatA e mUrtione eNe utArI pADavA nahotI pariNAme isvIsana 622nI sAlamAM kurezIe e mAMDI. AthI kurezIo roSe bharAyA mehaMmadane temanA sAthIo mahaMmada ane tenA anuyIone makakAmAMthI hAMkI kADhayA. para damanane keraDo vIMjhAvA lAge. prathama dharmAntara karanAra hijharatano A divasa mahatvano che te divasathI muslIma tavAne enI majabUta sAthI enI patnI khadijA hatI. " Ama rIkhano AraMbha thayo che tyArathI muslIma pitAne Aga prabhue pitAnA payagaMbarane bhAra haLave karavA IchA karI' hijharI savaMta gaNe che mehaMmada makakAthI tera cauda divasane lekee ene uvekhe e hakIkta para mohaMmada koI paNa pravAsa kheDI uttara madInA gayo tyAM ene satkAra thayo vyaktine eka harapha paNa sAMbhaLavA taiyAra na hatuM. paraMtu zAtvana meLavavA e khadijA pAse jatA. khadijA ene sAttvana , potAnA purANu vatananA vAsIone muslIma banAvavA eNe madI nAmAM eka moTu sainya ekaThuM karyuM. ApatI. enI zraddhA dRDha karatI. enI hareka vAtAmAM anudana ApatI. madInAmAM sthAyI thayA pachI mehaMmadane potAnA vicAro Ama ene cAlIsa anuyAyIo AvI maLyA pitAnA svataMtratA pUrvaka phelAvavAnI taka maLI "lA ipharAna phidIna " dhArmika siddhAntane dhArmika paddhattine mahaMmade pracAra karavA dharmanI bAbatamAM koIpaNa prakAranI baLajabarI hAvI na mAMDe. devadUta taraphathI ene navI navI divyavANI sAMbhaLavA joIe lokone temanA pAlanahAranA mArge cAlavAnuM samajAvatAM maLatI ne e navI navI vAto potAnA anuyAyIo AgaLa temane buddhipUrvaka ane sArA zabdomAM samajAvavA joIe. mULe jato hate. 'eka sAce Izvara che enA sivAya bIjo temanI sAthe uttama ne maghura zabdomAM carcA karavI joIe kaI deva nathI. pite e eka ja Izvarano payagambara che loko je kAMI kahe te dhIrajathI sAMbhaLI sahana karavuM joIe 'mahaMmada uddabodhana karatA A bherInAda dhIme dhIme pUrvanA chatAMya temanAthI judA paDavAnuM thAya te bahuja premane bhalApradezamAM prasarI gayo ane aTalAnI AgevAnI nIce Aka IthI jIdI paDavuM joIe. maNa karatA getha sainiko karatAM paNa bAIjhenTAIna sAmrAjya A siddhAnta para mahaMmade pitAnA pracAra kAryane mATe vadhu khataranAka nIvaDyo. "olDaTesTAmeTa' nA payagaM AraMbha karyo. saradAra tarIke potAnuM sthAna jamAvyuM pitAnA barena mohaMmada Adara karate. Isukhrista vizvanA mahAna anuyAyIonAM baMdhu maMDaLe sthApyA potAnA nAyake vaphAdAra upadezaka hatA e hakIkata svIkArato, paraMtu ethI vadhAre rahe mATe temanI sAthe lagna gAMDathI paNa baMdhAye pitAnA kazuM ja e svIkAravA taiyAra na hatuM. yahArIonI peThe saMpradAyamAM mAnanArane potAnI dIkarIo ApI eNe parae kaDaka ekezvaravAda mATe Agrahu rAkhatA. eNe mUrti pUjA sparanA saMbaMdha majabuta karyA. nAstikatA, vyabhicAra, dharmabandha virUddha khoTI jubAnI, prathama te mahaMmade yahUdIono saMparka sAdhyuM paraMtu jugAra, madyapAna Adi avaguNAne eNe kaDaka zabdomAM vakheDI nUtana saMpradAyanA svIkAranA praznamAM emaNe jarA paNa namatuM kADhayA. IslAma dharmIo vacce bhAtRbhAva keLavavA eNe jokhyuM nahi eTale teNe emane potAnA zatru tarIke jAhera Agraha rAkhyo. Ara bAlakone bhega dharAvatA. bhega dharA ryA pachI jerUsalemane badale eNe makakA tarapha najara doDAvI vavAnI bAdhA rAkhatA; e pravRttine mehamaMde majabUta hAthe potAnA anuyAyIomAM dAru pIvAnI jugAra ramavAnone dAbI dIdhI. vyAjakherI karavAnI manAI pharamAvI IjharAIlanI asara nIce bAkInI gauNa bAbatomAM e DhIlAza nabhAvI le eNe mahaMmade keTalAMka prakAranA khAnapAnanI paNa manAI pharamAvI cAra panIo karavA eka puruSane chuTa ApI. nibhAva karI hatI mahaMmadanA saMpradAyamAM praveza meLavavA A keseTIo zake eTalI rakhAte paNa mANasa rAkhI zakatA. patidrohanA khUbaja sarala hatI dharma palaTA mATe allAha ane mahaMmadamAM aparAdhamAM patnInA bacAvane eka harapha paNa sAMbhaLavA taiyAra zraddhA Avazyaka lekhAtAM amUka Avaka vere Apavo e vaphAnahoto patine bela eja kAnana gulAmInI prathA mahamaMda dArInuM nizAna lekhAtuM. ane buddhi Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 501 pAra pADavAnI tamArI karyo tethI A jAtione mahAna pachInAM daza varSamahaMmehanuM jIvana lazkarI saMgharSonI vAra temanI katala katala karavAmAM AvI, game te kAraNasara cAlu zreNImAM ja vItyuM. keTalIka vAra kAphalAo para Aka- eka maradane javA devAmAM Avyo, paraMtu eNe jIvana ane maNu karavAmAM AvatuM. jayAre rItasaranuM yuddha khelAtuM tyAre keda karanAra prati tiraskAra dAkhavI pitAnA sAthIo sAthe emAM krUratAnI avadhi AvI jatI. mohaMmada e yugane nakanilamAM baLavA de" mohaMmade garjanA karI. badhI ja sarvazreSTha lazkarI senAdhyakSa nIvaDyuM. IsvIsana 1935 mAM strIone gulAma tarIke vecI devAmAM AvI. eka mAtra rihAnAne dabenee ebIsiniyanonI katala karI hatI eTalI ja mehaMmade pitAne mATe rAkhI eNe IjharAIla devanI pUjA cAlu krUratAthI mahaMmada zatruonI katala karato. enA pratyeka vijaya rAkhavA Agraha rAkhene mehaMmadanI patnI banavA sopha InkAra pachI bhayaMkara hatyA kAMDa maMDAto AmAM kevaLa lohI reDavAnI karyo tethI tene paNa gulAma tarIke parAdhIna karavAmAM AvI. lAlasA nahotI. cekasa hetu pAra pADavAnI tamannA hatI. Araba jAtione mahAna saMgaThana : IslAma kaTa bamAM bAMdhI zatruonI vIratAnI mahaMmada para kazI ja asara thatI levAnI nema hatI. nahi. enA pratyeka vijaya pachI kedIonI kattala karavAne rivAja thaI paDyo hato eka vijaya pachI eka ekane mohaMmade khUba ja kuzaLatA pUrvaka pitAne hetu pAra anya sAthe jIvato rahevA dIdhe hA. acAnaka mahaMmada pADavA madInAne makakA : e be zaheronI hariphAIne lAbha kedIo prati dRSTipAta kane tenI dRSTi A ekabA para TharI uThAvyo mathakAvAsIo para AkramaNa karatAM e mukhyatve raNamAM enI najaramAM mata dekhAya che bicArAe potAnA sAthIne pasAra thatA kAphalAo para tUTI paData. A badhA AkramaNane kahyuM "ne ene mota AvyuM " mehaMmade ene katala karavA hUkama yuddhone e "dharmayuddha' gaNAvate islAmanI sthApanAnuM emAM A mArA sAthIo karatA mArA prati vadhu krUratA zAthI ? aMtima lakSyAMka hatuM. lUMTaphATa karavI ne lUTa bhegavavIH emAM eNe pUchayuM te mahamaMde uttara Ape tuM Izvarane enA mohaMmade enA anuyAyIo para koI paNa prakArano pratibaMdha payagaMbarane duzmana che? ne mArI nAnakaDI chokarI ! enI makA nahotA. Ama raNa pradezanA vAlIone lAbha saMta saMbhALa keNa rAkhaze ? ekanAe cIsa pADI 'jahannamamAM vAte. madInAne makkAnA vAsIonI iSone lAbha maLatA ya' IslAmanA payaMgabare garjanA karIne jallAdanI talavAre parata mo maMdane haMmezAM saphaLatA maLatI nahi. isvIsana pelA ekabAnuM mastaka enA dhaDathI chUTuM karyuM ' harAmakhora ra7 mAM kurezIoe daza hajAra sainikAnuM eka meTuM nya ! badamAza! izvarane payaMgabaramAM zraddhA na rAkhanAra ! mArA madInA para hallo karavA mokalyuM hatuM. mohaMmadanA lazkarI ne na mAranAra ! pradAna pahADa ke e kalla thayene mArI mathako para eNe evI te bhIsa ApI ke mohaMmadanA anuM- najarane ThaMDaka vaLI ! yAyIone zaheramAM bharAI javuM paDyuM tyAM kurezIoe be mahinA sudhI lAgaTa ghero nAkhyo, A vilaMbanItine moDuM - hakIkatamAM mehaMmade makakAvAsIo sAthe saMdhI karI made potAnA lAbhamAM palaTI nAMkhI. zagunI chAvaNImAM gupta bIje varSe be hajAra sAthIo laI makakAnI yAtrAe gaye care mekanI aMdara aMdara saMgharSa pragaTAvyo ane pavanane paratu turata ja eNe yuddhanuM bahAnuM za thI kADhayune daza varSAnuM eka bhayaMkara tAMDava maMDAyuM. 'emAM ghero ghAlanAra hajAra sainiko laI IsvIsana 630mAM eNe makakA para AkramaNa karazIo herAna parezAna thaI gayA emanuM jema bhAgI paDayuM karyuM makakAvAsIo bacAva karI zakayA nahi ne makakAnuM ne vera vikhera thaI makakA pAchA vaLyA. muslImoe devI kopa patana thayuM. thaye ne lazkara vera vikhera thaI gayuM. e pracAra karyo. pari makakAnA vijaya pachI paNa mehaMmade kAbA cAlatI me mohaMmadanA zyAma vajane moTI saMkhyAmAM anuyAyIo dhArmika vidhiomAM kAMI khAsa pheraphAra karyo nahi eNe mutio AvI maLyA. toDI nAkhI para tu pavitra pattharane kAyama rAkhe. enI have pharI pAchI mohaMmade yahUdIo prati dRSTivALI. sAta pradakSiNA karavAno rivAja paNa cAlu rAkhyo makakAnA pitAne na devI Adeza maLyo che evI emaNe ghoSaNA stanathIne madInAnI sahAyathI mahaMmada have arabastAnane karI. 'uThe. kurelTA sAme Age baDhA" kurenjhA eka yahUdI jAti mAlika banyo eNe pitAnI satAnAM uMDA mULa nAkhavAne hatI. makkAvAsI saphala thaze ema dhArI emaNe mahamaMdrane prAraMbha karyo eka rAjAnI mizAle rAyadhurA calAvavA lAgyA pakSa choDI dIdhuM hatuM. madInAnA gherA vakhate teo alaga enI pahelI patnI khadijAnuM avasAna thayuM. pachI eNe paDI gayA hatA. mohaMmade temanA para AkramaNa karyuM ne temanA saudA nAmanI vidhavA sAthe punala gna karyuM ane bAra varSanI pATanagarane cauda divasa sudhI ghere nAkhyo. e leke tAbe bAlaka AyezA sAthe vivAha karyo IravIsana 630mAM makkAnA thayA tyAre eNe potAnA dharmanI krUratAnuM pUruM pradarzana karyuM. vijaya vakhate enI vaya sATha varSanI thaI cukI hatI. eNe badhA ja pu. lagabhaga ATha maradonA hAthe temanI pITha dazamI vAra lagna karyuM hatuM potAnA anuyAyIone phakata pAchaLa bAMdhI devAmAM AvyA. pachI temane bahAra kADhI jUtha cAraja patnIo karavAno Adeza hato chatAM pite e Jain Education Interational

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pa02 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 mamAM apavAda ho vaLI kAyadesaranI patnIo uparAMta tarIke biradAvatA. salAmatI mATe IslAma dharma aMgIkAra mahaMmadane saMkhyAbaMdha rakhate hatI emAnAM eka yahUdI hatI karavA dezaparadezanA rAjavIone eNe saMdeza pAThavyA hatA. eNe to enA khorAkamAM jhera bheLavI ene mArI nAkhavA prayAsa paNa karela paraMtu e jhera ene mArI te zakayuM nahi varSo sudhI IslAma dharma TakI rahe evA majabUta pAyA paraMtu eNe ene anta te najIka ANya ja, para mohaMmade ene mUkI dIdhuM hatuM. bAyajhenTAIna samrATanA khaMDiyA siriyane viruddha paNa eNe sainya kahyuM hatuM. praNAlikA gata varNana pramANe mehaMmada madhyama kadane muslImo parAjIta thayA hatA. paraMtue zatruo sAme eka hato. enA vALa sIdhA paNa nahotA tema vAMkaDIyA paNa na lahiyALa jaMgano AraMbha thayo hato te cheka IsvIsana 1576 hatA. enuM mAthu moTuM hatuM. cakSu vizALa hatA bramara ghATI mAM lAplAnTa AgaLa osTrIAnA Dona jahAnanA naukAsainya hatI. enI AMkhomAM haMmezA ratAza rahetI. vizALa dhana oTemAna tarka nI sattA teDI tyAM sudhI raukAo paryanta cAlyA vizALa bAhu e sAthe ghATI dADhI ene zebhatI enA paga paNa majabuta hatA. isvIsana 63ramAM islAmanA payagaMbaranuM emanAM priya patnI AyazAnA hAthamAM madInAmAM avasAna thayuM. emanA enI sarva patnIomAM khadijA mATe ene utkaTa prema chellA bela prArthanAnA hatAH "yA khudA" mane mApha kara... hatuM. paraMtuonA avasAna pachI bAlaka AyezA enI khUba tArA sAnidhyamAM sthAna Apa.....anantanA svaryA che. vizvAsa pAtra banI rahI. AyezA payagambaranuM varNana karatAM mane mApha kara. hA. tAruM sAnnidhya sarvocca che. " A bela kahe cheH "payagaMmbarane traNa vastuo pasaMda hatI. strI, attara sAthe e vicitra dharmAdha satyacAhake pitAne nyAya karI dIdhe. ne barAka. prathama be emaNe manamAnyAM bhagavyAM. e manuSya enAM lakSyAMka avazya unnata hatAM. e pAra pADavA game tevI jevA manuSya ja hatA. vAraMvAra khaDakhaDa hasatA. mita karatA vAparavIe egya gaNatA. haMmezAM emanA vadana para vilasI rahetuM. jAte pitAnAM kapaDAM ? ne joDA sIvatA. be vastumAM emane pasaMdagI karavAnI hoya mohaMmada payagambara lekene paraMparAgata rIta rivAjone te e asala vAta vahelI pasaMda karatA. eTale ethI kAI vaLagI na rahevAnI salAha ApatA. kevaLa musalamAnone ja pApa thatuM nahi pazuo prati e khUbaja mAyALu hatA. nahi paraMtu manuSya mAtra badhA deze, badhI kemone badhA jamA nAnA payagambarane eka sarakhe Adara kare, evuM moha mada ekavAra zatruoe emane gherI lIdhA hatA. ne pakaDAI IcchatA. dareka samAje IzvaranI pUjAnI eka rIta taiyAra karI javAnI aNI para hatA. tyAre keIe emanA taMbumAM AvI che ne teo te pramANe tene amala kare che. e mATe kaI emane jagADayAM emane bhAgI javA kahyuM. tyAre eka bilADI vyaktie jhaghaDe karavo joIe nahi. rAjakAraNamAM paNa dareka emanA jhabhbhA para nidrAvaza thayelI hatI. ene Dabala karavAne vyaktine potAnI akakala pramANe nirNaya levA temaNe Adeza badale emaNe potAne jhabbe eTale kAtarI nAkhyone bilADI Apyo hate. ne nirAMte UMghavA dIdhI. pitAne maLelA IzcarI AdezamAM emane saMpUrNa zraddhA | badhA ja mahApuruSe paDe mohaMmadanI paNa niMdA thayA hatI. eTale mohaMmadanI dharmAnyatA samajI zakAya evI che vinA rahI nathI. leke emane daMbhI kahetA. paraMtu jIvanamAM che pitAnAmAM jeTalI saralAtathI zraddhA ubhI thavA pAmI hatI emaNe je siddha karyuM che tethI ja e vAta khoTI Thare che. eTalI ja saralatAthI emaNe pitAnA anuyAyIomAM zraddhA roma roma varatAtI sahRdayatA, ne aNizuddha pramANikatA ja utpanna karI devadutanI preraNAthI meM tAmrapaTa para kurAna eka e dharma sthApI zakI che ke atyAre paNa emAM aneka lakhyuM che e emane dharma graMtha che. jyAre jyAre koI muzkelI vyaktio dharmAntara karI joDAya che. ubhI thatI tyAre mohaMmada dhyAnamAM besIne AMtara preraNA meLavate e satyamAM kaI ja zaMkA karatuM nahi. cepana varSa IslAmanA anuyAyIo e paNa jagatanI saMskRtimAM nI vaya sudhI e sAro patine vatsala pitA rahyo hato. paraMtu pitAne phALo Ape che. speinamAM emaNe ati sauMdaryakhadijAnA avasAna pachI e bahu patnItvamAM mANato thaye. zALI sthApatya ubhuM karyuM che. karoDo hasta pratA dharAvatuM Ibna abhyAsa kahe cheH muslIme zreSTha muslImomAM sauthI vizALa pustakAlaya racyuM che. emaNe grIka tatvajJAna sAcavI vadhAre strI laMpaTa hato." rAkhavAmAM mahatvano phALo Apyo che. auSadhazAstra rasAyaNa zAstrane khagoLazAstra vikasAvavA ghaNuM ghaNuM karyuM che. kere have mohaMmada sattAnA kendra sthAne virAjI rahyo hato. vidyApITha sthApI che. eka samaye gaNita ne bIjagaNitamAM deza dezathI mAnavIo AvatA ane saradAra ane payagaMmbara muslima vidvAne jagata bharamAM paMkayA hatA. Jain Education Intenational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 503 0000ee kurAna payagambaranA vacanA tene saMgraha che. enA 8 200000000000000000000000000000000000000ghaNA bhAga suMdara che. paraMtu sauthI vadhAre suMdaratA enA zubhecchA saha pAyAmAM che. emAM khristI dharmanA ne purANu arabbI mUrti sthApanA 21-5-1951 TelIphona naM. 3 pUjaka dharmanA siddhAnta kaMDArAyelA che. minArA parathI pokA khetIvADI utpanna bajAra samiti, rAtI bAMgane nAda kAMI navo nathI. IjharAyalanA payagaMbare paNa e dharmanAda gajAvatA. najhArethanA jIsase ene bahAlI hiMmatanagara ApI hatI. mukhya yArDa : hiMmatanagara sabayArDa: vakatApura jAhera hararAjI & sAce tela tet t at $ * *kaDA nANI * re jabarajanA bhAvonI prasidhI 2jabarojanA $ mAla vecANa prasaMge veca- 26 mAla vecANa prasaMge jhaghaDAnA nArane kAyadAnuM rakSaNa nikAla mATe vyavasthA $ 29 adhikRta mArkeTa cAIjha * bina adhikRta mArkeTa cAI jhanI manAI e jarUrI labhya sagavo - vepArIone eka sthaLethI joIta mAla maLavAnI sagavaDa bajAra dhArAnAM A mukhya aMga che. temanA hitamAM kheDUta Swastick Industrial Mill Stores che bhAIo ane vepArIbhAIo yArDamAM ja mAlanuM kharIda vecANa kare BOMBAY che kanubhAI zAha yaMtilAla je. zAha jeThAbhAI zAmaLabhAI paTela - sekreTarI vAIsa-ceramena ceramena 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 With Best Compliments From 900000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 zubhecchA pADe che 20000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 bhAdroDa sevA sahakArI maMDaLI lI. ( tAluko mahuvA ) ( ji. bhAvanagara ) sthApanA tArIkha 27-10-09 zerabhaMDoLa rU. 59620/anAmata phaMDa rUA. 6:29 9 2 kara00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 noMdhaNI naMbara 288 sabhya saMkhyA 409 maMDaLI khAtara, biyAraNa, jaMtunAzaka davA, sastA anAja vigerenuM kAmakAja kare che. naMdalAla becara joSI dulAbhAI AtAbhAI maMtrI. pramukha. vya. ka. sabhya. (1) mohanabhAi revAzaMkara (2) devazIbhAI kAnAbhAI (3) narabherAma jerAmabhAI (4) nanAbhAI kALAbhAi (5) bhagavAnabhAI punAbhAI chelA pacIsa varSathI zrI dulAbhAI pramukha tarIke ekadhArA bInaharIpha cUMTAyA che. Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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407 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 Gram : BIC THANA Tix : BIC By 011-2685 Phane : 598911/595245 BIC Bharat Insulation Company BIC-The only Plant of its kind in India equipped with the latest Hypersensitive Electronic Controls for the manufacture of Super Enamelled Copper Wires: Our Range includes 14 SNG to 29 SNG of the Following :Ester-Amide-Imide wiies with higher folyimide contents to withstand Heat Shock Temperature of the Range of 2500 C. Modified Polyvinyl Wires for use in Chemical/Refrigeration/Humid/Oil Filled Trarsformer. Polyester Wires for Motor/Air Cooled Transfermer/Chokes/Relay Coils etc. Admn. Office & Works : B-32 Wagle Industrial Estate, Road No. 18, Thana-4. * ttttttttttt RMX test *** For Your House Requirements. On easy Instalments or any kind of Loan such as Bills Discounting, Pledge of goods on Security okly. teettte Tel : 317504 Contact : Ms. Business Finance Corporation 292/294, Kalbadevi Road, ( opp. Vithalwadi ) Bombay-2. STX HOMECINEK Mercetatto Time : 5-30 to 6-30 PM. Tel :: 441925 Wadala Address Rikhay R. A. Kidwai Road, Wadala BOMBAY-31. citeettonitis ? Time : 8-30 to 8-30 to 9-30 AM. 9-30 PM. HANSEN Jain Education Intemational

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[2] lAdIna salAdIna IsvIsana 1138mAM ja isvIsana 11. kheMgI ane tenA sainyane mese poTemIAmAM parAjya 93mAM enuM avasAna thayuM seresanonI saMskRti cAra maLe tyAre temane pIche haTha karavI paDI A pIche haTha karatAM varSa junI hatI. madhyayuganA yurapane Araba sAhitya vijJAna, sainyanI tala na thaI jAya mATe TAIpIsa dvArA pIche haTha zilpane rAjakAraNamAMthI ghaNuM ghaNuM zIkhavAnuM maLyuM. muslI- karavAnuM munAsiba dhAryuM tyAre AmIniyAmAM AvelA DAvIna mane mana khristIo mati pUjaka hatA. e tripuTIne pUjatA pAse janmela rAvaDIA jAtine kurda ayuba nijama eDa khristIone mana muslIme nAstika hatA. emane nAza thavo dina tekriTanA durga para kAbu dharAvatA e dUrga pAsethI ja ja suyogya hate. pIche haTha zakaya hatI keMgIne tenA sainyane e mAge pIche haTha karavA de te bagadAdanA ambAsAIDa khalIpha gusse thAya tema parantu salAdIna khristIo ane muslIme banemAM hatuM chatAM temaNe jherIne tenA sainyane naukAomAM TAI grIsa khUba ja AgaLa tarI Ave che. e mahAna senAdhyakSa hatA pAra karI javA anumati ApI paranuM pariNAme acyuM ane tenA nyAyI dhArmika vRttivALane mAyALu AdamI hato enI udAratA bhAI zihane tekiTa choDavuM paDyuM. 'IsvIsana 1138nA sapTe. vicitratAnI evI te hada oLaMgI jatI ke dharmayuddha khelanArA aramAM je rAtrie emaNe tekriTa choDayuM tyAre amyubane paNa meMmAM AMgaLIo nAkhI jatA. emanA pitAnA sAthIo yusupha nAmanA putranI prApti thaI e putra ne pAchaLathI paNa vicAramAM paDI jatA salAdIna haMmezA pitAnuM vacana salAha eDa-dInanuM biruda ApavAmAM AvyuM. sAlaha eDa pALate dharma yuddha khelanArA paNa vAraMvAra pitAnA vacana ghoLIne dIna eTale dharma bhUSaNa ayubanA kuTuMbe kheMgIne Azraya pI jatAM. nAstikane ApeluM vacana pALavAnuM na hoya ema lIdhe sainyane bacAvyuM tethI ayubane bAlabekane rAjyapAla temanA dharmaguruo emane uMdhu samajAvatA trIjA dharma yudhdha banAvavAmAM AvyuM. tyAM yusupha yA josaphe pitAne bAlyakALa vakhate salAdIne je sarvottama sadguNa dAkhavyA tenA khristI vitAvyuM. jyAre yusupha navA varSane thaye tyAre keMgInI enA ane muslIma kathAkAroe khule dile vakhANa karyA che yurapamAM ja taMbumAM hatyA karavAmAM AvI. eTale ayubane damAskasa salAdInane enA mAnu . sadaguNone lIdhe yAda karavAmAM Ave bhAgI javuM paDyuM. tyAM amyuba eka ramainyane senAdhyakSa banyo. che Araba jagatamAM rAjakIya kAraNosara emanuM gaurava karavAmAM enA bhAI ziha 'giranA siMhAtarIke oLakhAte e Ave che IjIpta, sIrIAne mesa poTomIAne eka sAmrA pitA jhaMDInI gAdIe AvelA nura eka ddInane tyAM nokarImAM tyamAM saMgaDita karavAmAM e saphala thayA e emane puruSArtha rahyo. nara uda dinane damAskasa pAchuM meLavavuM hatuM. eTale che emaNe pelesTAImAM Akamakene bhaya samULa nAbuda karyo. nura urdU phine zikitane tenA bhAI sAthe vATAghATo karavA jerUsalema tamArUM ne amArUM bane kemanuM pavitra tIrthadhAma eka sAthe sainya paNa mokalyuM. amyube Ane kauTuMbika che, salAdIne siMhahadayI rIcarDane lakhyuM ame tyAMthI khasI bAbata gaNI damAskasa seMpI dIdhuM ne pote rAjyapAla banyo. jaIzuM ema bIlakula na mAnaze. enI jamIna Ama te yusupha yA salAddIna nivRta jIvana gALato. ene sAhi. amArI ja hatI tame enA para AkamaNa karyuM tyAre kabajo tyane zokha hate. ulemAo sAthe dharma carcAo karate. paraMtu dharAvatA muslImonI nirbaLatAthI ja tame eno kabaje karyo chavvIsa varSano e thayo tyAre enI bilakula IcchA na hatI. chatAM jyAM budhI yudhdha cAlu raheze tyAM sudhI ame tamane chatAM ene IjIpta mATe yuddhamAM saMDovAvuM paDayuM. nura eda emAM pravezavA daIzuM nahiM ! dIna have sIrIAne sutAna hatA. jerU salemanA dharmayuddha salAdInanA janma pahelAM cA vIsa varSa agAunI vAta premI rAjavI amArI sattAzIla haripha hatuM. eTale IjIche tyAre pahela dharmayudhdha pistIone muslIma vacce khelAI pta kabaje karI bemAMthI eka vadhu zaktizALI bane ema baMnne rahyuM hatuM. mahAna selajuka sulatAna malika zAhanuM IsvIsana mAMthI koI IcchatuM na hatuM tyAre IjIpta yuvAna ziyA khalIpha 1092mAM avasAna na thayuM hota to khristIone bhAgye ja ela edIdanI nAmanI hakumata nIce hatuM ! ela adIda phAtIvijaya maLyo hota paraMtu khristIoe AkamaNa karyuM tyAre vaMzane chelle rAjavI hatA. phAtImIDa vaMza chellAM be varSathI sAmrAjya nAnAM nAnAM rAjyomAM vaheMcAI gayuM hatuM agAunA ijIpta para rAjya karI rahyo hate isvIsana 1163nA sapTemAmaluka gulAma rAjya pacAvI paDyA hatA emAMno eka aramAM amArIke ijIpta para AkramaNa karyuM" nura seda dIne jhaMgI mesulane rAjavI hato eNe ja salAdInanA kuTuMbane zikUhane sainya laI IjIpta para caDhI javA Adeza Ape. AgaLa AvavA taka ApI. salAdIne ddhA tarIke nAmanA prApta karI hatI. eTale tene Jain Education Interational

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106 paNa sAthe elekajhAnDriyAnA la javA pharamAvyu salAdInane rAjyapAla banAvavAmAM Avye tyAM ane paMcAttera divasa gherAmAM rahevu paDyu. istrI isvI sana 116chanI AgaSTanI kathI tArIkhe kola karAra thayA. IjIpta IjIplianeAne soMpI devuM evu` nakakI thayuM. tyAre salAdIna AmalTIkanI chAvaNImA mahemAna thaye tyAM eNe mazahura dharmayuddha khelanAra zaiAnanAM hamphrI sAthe maitrI thaI. khristI saradAro je pratijJA letA emAM salAdIne 'nAITa nI paNa vidhi karI salAdInamAM ' nAITa " jevA sadaguNeza hatA tethI paNa AvI vAto vahetI thaI Aya kAraNa ke islAmanAM bhAgye ja evA guNNA najare paDatAM. ijIpta para khIjIvAra AkramaNa thayu zi have bajhIra banyA hatA. parantu atizaya madirApAnanA pariNAme IsvIsana 1169nA mArcamAM tenu avasAna thayu khalIphe bhatrIjA salAddInane vajhIra tarIke pasaMda karyAM. e khIlakula mahatvAkAMkSI naheAtA. vaLI maLAtAvaDA yuvAna hatA atre A pasaMdagI karavAmAM AvI parantu Tuka samayamAMja khalIphane peAtAnI pasaMdagIthI visAmaNa pedA thayuM. salAddIna dhArmika siddhAMta khUba ja kaDaka hatA. tethI to e tapasvI bana gALatAM. have e ja siddhAMtoe salAdInane muslIma sAmrAjya sthApavAnI preraNA ApI. payiMtra nidhAma rusalemamAMthI khristIone hAMkI kADhe evu majabuta rASTra sarjavAnI tamannA nagI khudAe mane iptano pradeza Apyo. salAdIne kahyu che tyAre mAre pelesTAina paNu levu joie. evI khudAnI icchA che. trIsa varSIne yuvAna Ama saradAra thai beTho eTale yuddha amIzamAM karyAM gI. paraMtu alAdane temanA paDakAra jhIlI lIdhA. khuba ja kuzaLatA dAkhavI zANapaNane kunehathI ghaNAM kharAne pAtAne panne chatI lIdhA emaNe kAvatarA pakaDI pADyA. lazkarI baLavA kaDaka hAthe dAbI dIdhA. khristIonAM dha yuddhanA AkramaNA paNa khAMLyA khalIphnu vIsa varSanI kAcI vaye avasAna thayuM rAjamahelanAM mukhya rakSaka kriza sAthe salAdIne evI vyavasthA karIke IjAmAM rAjya kare evo eka paNa phAnIthI maLe nahI ijIptanI badhI ja sattA salAddInanAM hAthamAM AvI gai mAtra sulatAnanI padavI grahaNa karavAnuM ja bAkI rahayu, samaye avasAna pAmyA. gADhI vArasa rAjA bAlDavIna ceAthe rAjA AyanIka paNa nara da vIna pachI thoDA ja huDa'banyA hatA. IsvIsana 1176 mAM salAddIna eka varSa mATe mAtra tera varSanA kizAra ja hatA. vaLI e raktapittanA bhAga karI pAchA pharyAM hatA. vidyAlayeAnAM makAno badhAtA hatA. tenA para de" rekha rAkhI rahyA. gIjhAnA moTA badha badhAgye. ne peAtAnA pATanagaranI yeAjanA karI. ijIptane sIrIyA e judA judA prakAranAM zAnuM rAjDatra saMbhALatA salAhIna ne ghaNAM ja pravRttimaya rahevuM paDatuM. nyAyata Mtra jALavavu ela cIone mulAkAta ApavI. vizALa darabAranAM sabhyAnI irSAenAone samatulIta rAkhavI. A badhuM bhAre kaparuM kAryaM hatuM. te uparAMta salAddIna kavio, tattvajJAone dhArmika sajjanone saMparka sAdhavA khUba ja tAlAvelI dharAvatA. nUruddInanAM dUrabAramAM jhADa para beThelA pa`khI peThe kaDaka zistamAM beThelA darabArIo te A kalApI coMkI hatA. vana mahiM nU bheda dInane pAtAne paNa salAdInanA jhaDapI camI adekhAi AvI emanA para dAma besADavA emaNe IjIpta sainya mokalyu' paraMtu istrIsana 114nA maiM nAmAM emanuM' cAnaka avasAna thayuM. tyAre emanI thaya chappana varSanI ja hatI. emanA avasAnathI ghaNAne bhAre AghAta lAgyo. e pavitra, ne kuzaLa rAkhya kartA hatA. kAkAnA paisA e loka kalyANamAM lApatA emanA avasAnanA puro lAbha eka mAtra salAdInane maLyA jheMgInAM vaMzaje vacce eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAtIya minA mAga-2 have bAre kaDavAza jAmI paDI hatI. e duzmanA yane pariNAme cheka isvIsana 1175nA eprIlamAM sakSAkIna peAtAne sIrIyAne ijIptanAM mahArAjA tarIke jAhera karI zakyA huve e dharmayuddhamAM jehAda peAkAravA yeAjanA karavA zikitamAna thayA. salAhIna yiMtrane sAduM mana gALatA. gajaLa krIya dAkhavatA. lAka kalyANu mATe ja khudAe peAtAnI ATalI unnata padavIe besADayA che, evu teo mAnatA, tamArI prajA nu dIla chatI levAnA prayatna karo, ne temanI mAlamattA sabhALA' salAddIna potAnA putra alaJahIhune zikhAmaNu ApatA. koi paNa prAMtanAM rAjyapAla tarIke ene mokale tyAre khAsa sUcanA ApatA. zArkonAM bhalA mATe ja Izvarane huM tamArI nimaNuka karIe chIe' namratAne mAyALutAthI meM prajAnuM dila jItI lIdhu che. tethI huM ATale mahAna banI so ne kharekhara ? A vAta taddana sAcI hatI. A eka chuM. camatkArI siddhi hatI. ATaluM moTuM sAmrAjya kAbumAM rAkhavu e kAMI jevI tevI vAta na hatI. uttaramAM AmInIyAthI sudAna sudhI seraMjana jagata vibiMdha jAtemAM bahucAela che. sAdA kuka kuLamAM janmyAM chatAM kevaLa patAnA vyaciMtalathI ja e muslIme para jJAdhinatA lAdI zakayA hatA. isvIsana 1182 mAM tenI bagIomI tArIkhe sannATvIne kere| chellIvAra cheDayuM damAkasane peAtAnA sAmrAjyanu pATanagara banAdhyuM. vividha anIza kALa karAranAM bhaMga karI rahyA hatA para`tu kelakarAranI muddata purI na thAya tyAM sudhI e koI ja pagalA letA niha. paratu pachI emaNe mane pATe mIgmAne parAjIta karyuM ne elekhyA kabaje karyuM e mahAna saina akSa hatA. kyAM yuddha Apavu e sthaLae pote nakkI karatA. pAtAnA vaDA mathake beThA beThA e potAnA zazkarane kANumAM rAkhatA. keTalIka bAda eka ja Airakane sAthe laI ne ja gheADA para savAra thai e yuddha harALa vacce brUmI maLatA.

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha pa07 pitanA sainikomAM utsAha pUravA jANe dareka sthaLe e hAjara rAkhavAmAM Avyo. ane samagra dharma kalyANane e pAyo heya ema lAgatuM. zatru jora para Ave te sivAya jAte kadI banI rahyo yurapanAM moTA moTA rAjavIonI saradArI nIce yuddhamAM bhAga letA nahIM. moTA moTA saradArane moTA moTA sainya ekaThAM maLyA nANunAM emanI guptacara sevA paNa saMgIna hatI. raNakSetra dhodha vahyA. azvonI laMgAra jAmI gherA nAkhavAnA sAdhana ekaThA thayA dha samrATa pheDarika bArbarosA IglenDanA rAjA pasaMda karavAnI emanI saMbhALa bharI nItIthI IsvIsana 11 rIcaDe te phrAnsanA zahena hi philipe adhyakSa sthAna saMbhALyuM 87nAM julAInI cethI tArIkhe TAyabarIyA sarovaranI theDIka barga- mAM ..rizaMga para AvelA vagaeNlenA dharmamaMdiramAM pazcime hITInane yuddha jevA mahAna jaga jItI levAnI emane samagrasenA eDI maLI. ne rAjA mahArAjAoe ekaThA maLI savalata maLatI. A yuddhamAM grISmanA sakhata tApamAM pANI pIdhA sivAya lAMbu aMtara kApI khristI dharmayuddhanAM sainikone * samagra yAja taiyAra karI. sAmano kare paDayo hato. madhyapUrvanA itihAsamAM A eka chatAM pavitra dhAma pahoMcatA emane ghaNo samaya lAgyo. ghaNuM ja mahattvanuM yuddha hatuM. khristI dhAone bhAre zikasta pelesTAInamAM dharmayudhdha khelanArAne parAjaya saMpUrNa karavA khAvI paDI hatI. sapTembaramAM salAddIne jerUsalema kabaje karyuM sa sAdInane purate samaya maLe eTale e kinArA para paga samagra pelesTAIna seresanene caraNe DhaLyuM. chelalA se varSathI mAvAnuM trIjuM dharmayudhdha khelavA AvanAra sainya mATe sarala rasalema leTIna rAjyanuM pATanagara hatuM, sapTembaramAM jyAre na banyuM paraMtu TAyarane ghero uThAvI levAmAM salAddIne gaMbhIra salAddIne enA para AkramaNa karyuM tyAre khristIone kaba- bhUla karI ne khristIone tyAM aDDo jamAvavAnI taka maLI jAmAM jerusalema rahyuM'. e gALAmAM emaNe muslIma para je gaI. A zALAmAM salAdIna avAra navAra bimArIne bichAne atyAcAra gujAryA hatA tene te badalA nahi levAmAM paTakAI paDato. gherA mATe sainyane saMgaThita rAkhavAnuM kArya Ave e bhayathI saghaLA khrIstIonAM kALA kaMpI rahyA hatA. haMmeza muzkela banI jatuM. vaLI IsvIsana 1189nAM ATA IsvIsana 1899mAM khristI dharmayuddha khelanArAoe jaMgalI barane cethI tArIkhe eka AgaLa mahAna yudadha khelAyuM temAM rIte jerUsalema kabaje karyuM hatuM tyAre je lehI reDavAmAM khristI dharmayudhdha sainikone bhAre parAjaya maLe chatA salAAvyuM hatuM. teNe khriratI jagatanA nAma para bhAre liMka dIne e dabANa cAlu rAkhyuM nahIM iMglenDa phrAnsane jarmanIthI lagAvyuM hatuM. prema ne dayAnA pATha jyAM bhaNavAmAM AvyA majabuta sainyo ghero ghAlavAnA moTA mATe sAdhane laI AvI hatA. e rathaLane gejhAruM banAvI mukyuM hatuM. paraMtu A pahayA eTale paristhitie bhAre paTA lIdhe. yAdagAra zaraNAgatI samaye salAddIne je dilanI uddAratA batAvI tevI teNe agAu kadI dAkhavI na hatI. jaMgalI ke avivekI IsvIsana 1191 nA julAI mahinAmAM ekano seresana katalanI sakhata manAI karI. badhA ja lekene mulya AMkI gaDha zaraNe thaye cokiyAta sainyane bacAvavA salAddInane nAmozI chuTA karavAmAM AvyA muslIma sainike e gajaba zista dAkhavI bharI zaratene svIkAra karavo paDyo. salAddInanuM vizALa sainya khristIone herAnagati bhogavavI paDI nahIM saMkhyAbaMdha garIba te hajI aparAjIta ja rahyuM hatuM paraMtu rIcaDe kaleja be leka prati salAdIne AvI udAratA dAkhavI paraMtu jyAre nirA hajAra sAtase phI nakAnA katala karAvI nAMkhI salAddInane dayA zrIte dariA kAMThe khri tI dharmayuddhanA sainikenA kabajAmAM bhAvanI vicitratAthI ne gajaba udAratA AgaLa rIcarDanuM paDelA tripalI zaheramAM pahoMcyA tyAre temanA viruddha praveza dhAtakI vartana a. prere che. rIcarDanI asAmAnya zakitane baMdhI pharamAvavAmAM AvI. haiye dharmayudhdha khelanAra khristIomAM navuM joma peryuM hatuM. ArasuphanAM yudhdhamAM paNa temane vijaya maLe chatAM teo je hITInanAM dharma yudhdhamAM khrista one sakhata parAjaya salema kadI pahoMcI zakyA nahIM. IsvIsana 1192mAM khristI maLe jerUsalemanAM patane samagra yurapane khaLabhaLAvI mUkyuM nya samudra kinAre pAchuM vaLyuM. pelesTAInanA ziyALAnI TAyaranAM A bizaya viliyama madada mATe sAsaliI dADA gayA. ThaMDI emane AkarI paDI. hakIkatamAM salAddInanuM sainyatA hajI pachI phrAnsane igleMDa pahoMcyA. pope khristI jagatanAM vIralA suvAMga saMpUrNa hatuM eTale sapTeramAM ranIlAnAM kela karAra ene ekatra thavA hAkala karI trIjA dharma yudhdha mATe bajAra thayA. rIcaDe okaTobaramAM pelesTAina cheDyuM. jerusalema khristIoe nAma noMdhAvyA rAjA mahArAjAoe potapotAnA salAdInanA hAthamAM ja rahyuM. mAtra TAyarathI jAphA sudhI dravyAlaMkA khelA mUkayA. paraMtu salAddIna verA che. bhAremAM dariyAkAMThA vistAra khristIonA hAthamAM rahyo. bhAre kumaka maLI ethI salAddInanA kItImaMdirane suvarNa kaLaza caDhayo vijetAnA yazanuM e pratika banI rahyo enA nAme khristI yAtrIkone yAtrAdhe bIlakula kanaDagata sivAya keTale bhaya preryo haze ene sAkSI banyo. dharmayuddha mATe AvavA devAmAM Avaze evI salAddIne bAMhedharI ApI vaLI ja A vero nAMkhavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. paraMtu e nAme eTalI jerusalemamAM pavitra dharmamaMdiramAM cAra leTIna pUjArIone badhI Avaka thaI ke tene dharmayudha patyA pachI paNa cAlu sevA karavA devAnI dhuba veTaranI vinaMtI paNa temaNe mAnya Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga rAkhI. paraMtu junA rUDhIcusta dharma maMdira mATenI evI ja hoya ke AkramaNa hoya. rIcarDa ane tenA dharmayudhdha sainiko bAyoTAIna samrATanI vinaMtI nakAravAmAM AvI. tethI pavitra jerusalema prati kUca karI jaze ema lAgyuM tyAre seresanomAM tIrtha dhAmanAM kabajA mATe phencane raziyane vacce saMgharSamAM bhAre khaLabhaLATa macI gaye hate. salAdIna jAte nagara saMrabIja ropAyAM ne sAta zaikA pachI. e kimIana yudhdhanAM kSaNanI taiyArIonI dekharekha rAkhI rahyA ne dareka jhINAmAM kAraNabhUta banyo. selIsabarInA bIzapanI mulAkAta vakhate jhINI vigatamAM pite ja sucanA ApI rahyA hatA. e joI salAddIne kahyuM ke e ricarDanI jokhama kheDatA evuM temane bagadAdanA mazahUra tabIba abdula latIphane bhAre Azcarya haMmezAM lAgyA karyuM che. salAddInane rIcarDane eka bIjAnI thayuM hatuM. "jANe pratyeka patthara e pitAnI kAMdha para upADI mATe paraspara ghaNuM ja mAna hatuM. eka bIjAnI temaNe ghaNI rahyA hatA ane garIba tavaMgara sau koI emane pagale vAra zAhI viveka paNa dAkhavatA. ekavAra salAddIna rIcarDane cAlatA hatA. ' pagapALAmAM yuddhamAM laDatA joyA tyAre temane mATe teNe azva paNa mekalI Apyo hato chatAM salAddIne rIcarDane maLavAne paMcAvana varSanI vaye te salAdIne pitAnI jAta ghasI haMmeza InkAra karyo hato. salAddIne bIzapane kahyuM hatuM mane nAkhI hatI. IsvIsana 1193nA mArcanI trIjI tArIkhe temanuM saMpatti, zANapaNane saumyatA prApta thAya eTaluM ja basa che. avasAna thayuM. tyAre emanI kaI vyaktigata mIlata nahatI. mane vIratA ne asaumyatA pasaMda nathI." rIcarDa yudhdha damAskasamAM AvelI emanI samAdhi upara zilAlekha ke - daramiyAna beTI rIte pitAnI jAtane jokhamamAM mUkatA ema vAmAM Avyo che, "sulatAna khUba ja kalina dIlanA hatA. emanA salAddIna mAnatA. jyAre salAddIna je sthaLe emanI khAsa vadana para karuNA nItaratI. e khUba ja vina DI ne atyaMta jarUra hoya tyAM haMmezAM hAjara thaI jatA pachI i.cAva sabhya sajjana hatA. gAMdhI jagajIvana goviMdajI bhogIlAla je. gAMdhI dukAna phona naM. : 3347ta gAMdhI bradharsa kekarI, glAsavera, inAmavera, kaTalarIvera, plAsTIka vera ane prejhanTezana aTikalanA vepArI tathA gavarnamenTa relave kroTrekaTara ghara naM. 326650 phekaTarI naM. : 3 252 moDarna TekSaTAila ejI. varkasa Part. B. J. Gandhi and D. S. PURAV mila mazInarInA rUperapArTasa banAvanAra 1894, bI traMbaka parazurAma sTrITa gela pIThA (kuMbhAravADA) muMbaI-4 Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha With Best Compliments From Phone 251007 Telephone : 297333 Grams : Son Siraj. NEC TILES oococcecooo00ooeeeeee000000000ce0009990occococec009 Exports - Importers & Commission Agents. SIRAJ SONS Manufacturers of Marble Mosaic & Plain Tiles 31, Hamam Street, BOMBAY-1 Netaji Subhash Road, 86/B. Gobin Malal, BC MB \Y-2, (India) 1000000000-ecoo0000000000000000cco 0.000000OCOOOOOOOOOOOOO0000000OCCOO0000000000 Phone : 332394 mes : LAMIS (BR) A List of Products Vertical Flour-Mill Horizontal Flour-Mill * Diamond Type' Flour-Mill Sew Ber.ch Rice Huller Filter Preis * Portable' Mortar-Vill Underdriven Motor-Mill Poha Mill Rotary Oil Mill Ball Mill Backed by forty years of experience in the Same fild, we have been able to satisfy our clients, as to reliability and performance of our products. Once a client, always gets a new client, for we stand guarantee for our products. A detailed literature will be sent on request. All Taxes, Packing & Forwarding Charges Extra. Contact Manufacturer : Laxmidas Premchand Taher Bldg., Golpitha, BOMBAY-4 Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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[23] jaMthI sakhA na vizvanA ItihAsamAM vijetAonI moTI hAramAla che. jAtinI AvI TukaDIo paraspara laDyA ja karatI. evI eka emaNe badhAe zUnyamAMthI sRSTi sarajI che. nepalIana TukaDInA saradArane mArI yesukAI taMbumAM pravezyA tyAMja ene nAnakaDe dhUnI kasakana hato. enA kuTuMbano kyAMya ghaDo na bAlakanA janmanI vadhAI maLI eNe bAlakanI baMdha mUThI ughADI hete chatAM eNe adhu yurapa sara karyuM hatuM. mAuse tuMga nAkhI emAMthI lakhoTI je ghero lAla raMgane lehIne go eka nAnakaDA zikSaka vizALa prajAne adhyakSa ba- hITalarane nIkaLyo. vahemI pitAe eNe tAjetaramAM ja haNelA meMgala paNa e ja gaNI zakAya. eNe paNa ekavAra dharaNI dhujAvI saradAra temucInanA dehane saMpatinuM pratika kayu potAnA putranuM nAma temucIna pADyuM. parantu A mANasa te ekane ajoDa che enA jevo bIje kaI thayo nathI. kadAca thaze paNa nahi kAraNa ke have temujana tera varSano thaye tyAM enA pitAnuM avasAna abombanuM yudhdha AvI gayuM che. pahelA ja bombe samagra thayuM. turata ja nAnI nAnI TukaDIo enA pitAe saMgaThita hIrozImAne vinAsa karyo hato evI ja rIte badhI duniyA karI hatI e vikharAvA lAgI. te mujIne paDakhe phakata tera ja verAna karI zakAya paraMtu emAM mAnava hAtha na hoya badhuM sAthIo rahyA. A paristhitimAM zuM karavuM ene temujIna je yaMtravata ane have te neka verAna sarajAze tyAM ke nahi ne bIlakula anubhava na hotA para tu ene vAra hoya. keI luMTaze nahi. keI baLAtkAra karaze nahi. e sainya ekaThuM karI baMDa karanAra TukaDIone saradArane pharI ThekANe ANyA. yuvAna temujInanI hAjarImAM ja saradAro ne paranta IsvIsana teramA saikAnI A vAta che arvAcIna ghAtakI sajA karavAmAM AvI. aphaghAnIstAnanuM eka zahera herAta enI cAra divAle vacce samrATa jaMghIzakhAne veranA eka lehIALa aThavADiyAmAM paraMtu TuMka samayamAM ja temane potAnI mAtA pAse seLa lAkha mAnavIone eka sAmaTI katala nihALI hatI. potAnA nAnakaDA rAjyanI rAjyadhurA saMbhALI lIdhI. tyAranuM A sI purUSone bAlake yama zaraNa thayAM te pahelAM emanAM rAja rAjyataMtra eTale sarahada paranI vividha TaLIone parAjIta karavI, A kabaje rAkhavIne temanI pAse kaDaka zistanuM pAlana karAvavuM. jeta aMge pAMge kApavAnA ne trAsa gujAravAnA banAvo te , kalapavA paNa kaThIna che. mAnavIonAM hAtha paga kApI nAkhavAmAM jetAmAM eNe senAdhyakSanA guNo vikasAvya vizALa pAyA para dagAAvyAM hatA. cIsa pADatAM dhaDa rAjamArgo para rakhaDatA bAjI. : mutsaddIgIrIH nuM valaNa keLavyuM enA samakAlIne paNa enA vikAsane AdarathI nihALI rahyA. dhIme dhIme eNe tamAma dardanAka pIDAthI mRtyu pAmatAM. DajhanabaMdha bAlake ekI sAthe zIzakabAba peThe bhAlApara TIMgALavAmAM AvatAM. cIsa pADatA maMgala kaDIo eka chatra nIce ANI. IsvIsana 11 mAM DhagalAbaMdha khaDakI temane jIvatA saLagAvI devAmAM AvatAM. eNe badhIja TukaDIonA saradArone darabAra bharyo ne jaMdhIsa jyAre emanI aMgo paga kapAyelI hAlatamAM potAnA khAna nAma dhAraNa karI temanA samrATapade pitAnI sthApanA karI. antanI vATa jatI A badhu nihALI rahetI. have e pitAnA AgavA svapnamAM rAcavA je zakti zALI banyo hate eNe dUradUranA cIna upara AkramaNa karavA manuSya kAmanI pedAzamAM e jamAno karatA hate. vicAra karyo. daMtakathA jevA addabhUta kethene lUMTavA manasubo parantu dhIsakhAna saMpUrNa yoddho : itihAsamAM sauthI vadhAre (vicAra) karyo. agAu cInanI durbhedya divAla oLaMgavAne lehI tarasyo AdamI hate enuM anukaraNa karI enA Adeza ghaNA mogala saradAroe prayAso karyA hatA. paraMtu badhA ja nIce mANase e kaI kALe jeyA na hoya evA gajaba hatyAM niSphaLa gayA hatA. have jaMdhIsakhAne azvasavAronuM eka ja gI kAMDe sarajyA sainya ubhu ka. kevaLa pazubaLanA jora para ja cInAI divAla A mahAna rAjyakartA eka taMbumAM janma hate. e bhedavA nirNaya lIdhe gAmaDAM bALatA lekanI katala karatA. jamAnAmAM eziyAmAM taMbu sivAya bIjI vasavATanuM sAdhana mahilAo para baLAtkAra gujAratA meMgola ToLAM cheka samudra ja na hotuM eTale dareka bALaka taMbumAM ja janmatu eTale kinArA sudhI pahoMcavA AgaLa vadhyA. prAcIna saMskRtinuM jadhazakhAna mATe A kAMI bhAre navAInI vAta nahotI nAmo nizAna bhUMsI nAkhyuM vizvabharanuM prAcInamAM prAcIna maikala sarovaranA kinAre ene janma thaye hute enuM nAma suMdaratama sAMskRtika jagata 'pRthvInA paTa parathI adazya thayuM. pADavAmAM AvyuM. temujIna yA mucIna enA pitAnuM nAma kethe bhaDake baLI rahyuM AkhuM ya nagara khedAna medAna yesukAI meMgala jAtinI nAnakaDI TukaDInA saradAra tyAre meMgAla karI nAkhavAmAM AvyuM zabenA gaMja khaDakAyA gAmonA gAma Jain Education Intemational

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511 smRti saMdarbha graMtha zaheranAM zahero megola jhaMjhAvAta sAme ujajaDa thaI gayA jugutAInuM bIjuM sainya otarATane vIMdhI AgaLa vadhyuM samagra pradezane ujajaDa karI jaMdhIsakhAna pitAnA pATanagara aparAdhI zaherane ghere nAkhyo A pAMca mahinA cAlyo. pAcho pharyo enI cAlu ne vadhatI jatI saphaLatA mATe ene ane etarATa zahera paDyuM. prathama pelA rAjyapAlane pakaDI zyAma mo'gelaana zahera verAna kArAkoramamAM pitAne Agraha jAheramAM enA para kamakamATI upajAve evA trAsa gujAravAmAM gaNI zakAya cInanA ke IrAnanA keI suMdara zaherane e jarUra AvyA pachI eke eka prajAjanane talavAre devAmAM AvyA, pATanagara banAvI zakyo hota paraMtu eNe jANI bujIne ema trIjuM sainya otarATane maMDUka kudake oLaMgI gayuM. karyuM nahi. vijaya meLavelA pradezomAM vasI potAnuM sainya jaMdhIsakhAnanI potAnI saradArI nIce cothuM sainya bukhArA vilAsI jIvana jIvatuM thaI jAya e te bIlakula Iccha tarapha AgaLa vadhyuM. tAnkaMda ne nUra nagara jaMghIsakhAnane naheAte be AkramaNa vaccenA virAmanA gALAmAM e kArAkara zaraNe AvyAM chatAM ja ghIsakhAne temanA para rahema karI nahi. manA daganI bahAra chAvaNImAM paDAva nAkhanuM tabuAnA hAra- ane zahere eNe laMDayAM bukhArAe jaMdhIsakhAnane thoDIka mALA mAIlenA mAIla sudhI patharAI jatI game te paLe sAmane karyo. emAM praveza karatAM ja jaMghIsakhAne garjanA vizvanA keI paNa bhAga para ghoDe savAra thaI ghasI javA e karI." ghAsa vADhI nAkhavAmAM AvyuM che. tamArA azvone nIrI taiyAra rahetI. do " eNe potAnA saradAra ne Adeza Apyo. cIna paranA AkramaNa pachI TuMka samayamAM ja jaMghIsa- lUMTaphATanuM A AvAhana samaya sainya upADI lIdhuM. khAnane pazcimanA dezonI saMpatti para najara nAkhavAne prasaMga tamAma jaMgama mIlakata kabaje karavAmAM AvI. hAtha karAya Avyo ane eNe ekadama hindukuza oLaMgavAno nirNaya nahi evI cIjonA TUkaDA karI kabaje karavAmAM AvI aMgo lIdho. parvatanI A hAramALAe mAMgelane bIjI mayadAnanI pAMga kApI trAsa varatAvI AkhI vastI nI samUha katala jAtio ne pazcima eziyAnI saMskRtithI vaMcita rAkhI hatI. karavAmAM AvI. eke eka ghara bALIne bhasmIbhUta karavAmAM AvyuM. IsvIsana 1219mAM eNe AkramaNane AraMbha karyo prathama to eNe khyArIjhamanA virATa muslIma rAjya pAse eka ja divasamAM vizvanuM moTAmAM moTuM vighA kendra: zAti dUte mokalyA. meM samagra cInano pradeza jItI lIdho Dira vijJAna kendraH agni vAlAmAM homAI gayuM che. eTale mArI pAse cAMdIno bhaMDAra che. yuddhAonI paNa jaMdhIsakhAna kAra kerama pAcho pharyo. pAchaLa rahelA khoTa nathI. eTale mane yuddha mAM bahu rasa nathI paraMtu vyApAra enA sainya nesa, mevuM ne nizApura nagarone vinAza karyo. vadhAravA ichA che. khvArIjhama pAsethI mane zuM maLaze ? cAra niSNAta kArIgarone zRMkhalA badhdha karI kArAkorama mekalavAmAM AvyA bAkInA eke eka nAgarikanI katala karavAmAM mahamadazAhe prathama to A mAgaNI tarapha kuNI nejara AvI. harAta nagara zaraNe AvyuM ne camatkArika rIte bacI rAkhI paraMtu o tarAranA sthAnika rAjyapAle chakale vartAva gayuM mAMgalee herAtamAM pitAne rAjyapAla mULe. megela dAkhavI mUrkhAI karI anukULa uttara maLaze ema mAnI jaMdha- sainya prathama mahamadane pIcho pakaDavAnI cAlu rAkhyuM paraMtu sakhAne eka vyApArI TukaDI agAuthI me lI ApI paraMtu e dAhanI bimArIthI akasmAta mRtyu pAmyuM eTale pilA rAjyapAle koIpaNa prakAranA kAraNa vinA .manI nAhaka megela roke enA dIkarA jallAdInane cheka bhArata sudhI hatyA karI nAkhI AthI jaMdhIsakhAna khUba ja cheDAI paDayo. nasADI mUkyo. jallAdIne dilhImAM Azraya lIdhe tyAreja eNe pelA rAjyapAlane nyAya khAtara pakaDI mokalI ApavA megala sainya pAchuM vaLyuM. paraMtu A gALA daramiyAna temaNe mAgaNI karI. lAhora malIkapura ne pezAvara para vinAza verI nAkhyuM hatuM. mahamadazAhe InkAra karyo. jaMghIsakhAnane samAcAra maLyA ke herAtamAM temaNe mUkelA rAjyapAlane uthalAvI pADavAmAM Avyo che Ama AkramaNane AraMbha thaye. cIna paranA AkramaNa eTale turata ja eNe eka zikSAtmaka sainya ravAnA karyuM. karatAM e vadhu jhaDapI ne vadhu nirdaya hate. dhIsakhAnanA pherAta nagare vIratAthI sAmano karyo cha mahinA sudhI TakI be dIkarA jujIne jugatAnI saradArI nIce be megela lazkarI rahyuM. paraMtu chevaTe herAvanuM patana thayuM mokalavAmAM AvyAM. jyAM gayAM tyAM badhuM ja khedAna medAna enA eka aThavADiyAmAM seLa lAkha mAnavIonI karI nAkhyuM. jujInA sainyane mahamadazAhe cAra lAkhanuM virATa sa samUha katala karavAmAM AvI. sainya lai prathama sAmano karyo paraMtu charI mAkhaNamAM khUpI jaya ema megala sainyamAM ghusI gayuM. jota jotA mAM zatru A bhayaMkara hatyA kAMDa pachI jaMdhIsakhAne meMgela ramainyanAM doDha lAkha zaba raNakSetra para ravaDatAM thaI gayAM. sAmrAjya saMgakti karavAmAM dila parovyuM have kevaLa pazcimanuM Jain Education Intemational

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para eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 ja khUba AkarSaNa rahyuM hatuM. eTale meMgola sainyane ja yAmAM meMgeliyAmAM seIsa nadI para AvelA potAnI vizALa Ajhara beIjhana javAno Adeza maLyo eNe kAspIana samUdra vizrAma sthAna pravAsa mahela para jaMghIsakhAna pahoMcyo ne AgaLa AvelA asTrA khAnane kabaje lIdho ne zatruone tyAM ja avasAna pAmyA. cheka Dena nadI sudhI hAMkI kADhayA. enA pachI enA putra egatAI saradAra thAya e have raziyanoe jaMdhIsakhAnane sAmano karavA vicAryuM eno Adeza hato. paraMtu pATanagarathI mAIla dUra A vidhi jadhIsakhAne mokalelA elacIone raziyanae mArI nAkhyA. vitAna aNadhAya avasAna thayuM tethI sAmAnya para A paraMtu turataja meMgala sainya raziyana sainyane vinAza karyo : rUTho hoya evuM sau koIne lAgyuM. dagAbAjI ne baLavAnI balageriyA para vinAza verI te vatana tarapha pAchuM vaLyuM sau koIne phaDaka pesI gaI. tethI enuM zaba vatana laI jatAM A badhuM cAlu hatuM te vakhate paNa dhIsakhAna dura maMgala sainya mArgamAM je maLyA te saune raheMsI nAkhyA. rahyo. rahyo paNa cIna virudhdha bIju AkramaNa sAMbhaLI rahyo ogatAIne samrATa jAhera karavAmAM AvyuM tyAM sudhI megala hate kethe ne tenI Aju bAjunA vistAra te maMgala pradeza nya A rIte jIsakhAnanA avasAnanI vAta chUpI rAkhI. banI cUkyo hate. pazcimanuM AkramaNa saphaLa thayuM ke turataja jaMghIsakhAna pachI thoDI ja peDhIomAM enuM sAmrAjya jaMghIsakhAne cIna saMbhALavA AvI paho. adazya thaI gayuM. nirbala anugAmIone pariNAme e nAmanuM enA pitA ne anya megele peThe jaMghIsakhAna paNa ja rahyuM mAtra enI samUDa jvale ja bhAvi janatAnA samaravahemI hate cInanA AkesaNu daramiyAna eka meDI rAtre eNe NamAM kAyamanuM sthAna karI gaI. chatAM A mahApuruSane nyAya AkAza mAM pAMca grahonI yuti thatI joI ne e dhIraja beI karavA eka be vAte nidhavI Avazyaka che. e ajoDa senA beThe. dhIsakhAne akSarajJAnane ekaDeya kadI kyUTa nahotAM. dhyakSa hato eTaluM ja nahi paNa kalpanAzIla rAjavI hatA, AvA sAdA mANasane AvI grahayuti thI anta pAse AvyA enA sAmrAjyamAM darekane potapotAnA dharma pALavAnI chUTa jaNAya. hatI pariNAme kArAkoramamAM judA judA dhanAM devAlaye baMdhAyAM vaLI vizvanI zreSTha DAka paddhati eNe sarajAvI hatI. eTale eNe AkramaNanI saradArI choDI dIdhI. kArAkorama cheka cInathI nIpara sudhI rAjamArga para ThekaThekANe vizrAma pitAne ghera pAcho vaLe eNe vaLato pravAsa AraMbhyo ke sthAne bAMdhavAmAM AvyAM hatAM. tyAM ghoDAnI pherabadalI karavAmAM bimArI e AkramaNa karyuM. AvatI. A rIte mahAna khAna potAnA sAmrAjya para cAMpatI thayayugAntaranA zreSTha vijetAnA haiyAnI hAma bhAgI najara rAkhI zakatA. gaI. vatana najIka AvatuM gayuM tema tema enI bimArI vadhatI Ama jaMgI khAnanI ghaNI ghaNI vAto yAda rahe evI gaI. bimArI TALavAne eNe prayatna suddhAM karyo nahi. che paraMtu enA traNa rahevA jevuM ghaNuM ochuM che. gujarAtamAM vaNuTa mATe sutara dareka prakAranA ADA ubhA oIla ejInA adhikRta vikretA IndrajIta, impAlA, ajIta, rasTana, tathA IlekaTrIka moTaro tathA dareka prakAranA oIla ejIne pampa pAIpa ane mazInarI phITIMga sAmAna vyAjabI bhAve meLavavA amAro -saMparka sAdheIndrajIta eIla ejInanA bhAvanagara jillAnA -ekamAtra ejanTazrI trApaja vibhAgIya gujarAtamAM have vaNATa mATe kesa kAunTa naM. 10thI 20 sudhInuM sutara te chuTathI joIe teTaluM maLe che kayAreka koI vaNakara ke udyogane na maLatuM hoya te nIcenI mIlane saMparka sAdhavAthI turata maLI jaze. sahakArI maMDaLIne te bhAvamAM paNa gAMsaDIe rUA. vIsanuM kansezana maLaze. gALa khAMDasarI saha. maMDaLI lI. saurASTra ke-opa. spInIMga mIsa lI. lIMbaDI. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graM'tha ...................ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo....................... Telex : Phone: 324116 324117 324118 * PEPPER * CARDAMOMS * FENNEL CORRIANDER ALL EPPRY AMRITSAR BODINAYAKANUR GANDHI SONS The Leading Export House In The Spices Trade Exporting All Principal Markets In The World. CALCUTTA CALICUT =000000 Bombay (011) 2540 Cochin (046) 226 Amritsar (034) 212 Mangalore (082) 225 Caltcut (084) 226. GINGER * TURMERIC CHILLIES CELERY CUMMIN AND OTHER SPICE SEEDS-ALSO CASHEWNUTS AND TEA. Branches at: COCHIN COONOOR DEHLI Tel: 457281, 457282, 457283 "Grams: SONGANDHI " Kindly Write To Us For All Your Interest In Spices GANDHI SONS Gandhi Building', 232, Samuel Street, BOMBAY-3 :::::........ With Best Compliments From "HEXAMAR HOUSE " Versatile Chemicals Like Sodium bichromate 98/99% Potassium Bichroromate 98% 413 MANGALORE MERCARA and SAKLASPUR. Telegrams: HEXAMAR" Dadar Bombay Also Manufacturing in the name of "Pioneer Chrorate Works " HEXAMAR A well known place for Industrial Minerals of all Varieties. A House offiering well proven Pesticides used in Agriculture and for Health Services, Please Contact Bharat Pulverising Mills Private Limited "HEXMAR HOUSE" 28, Sayani Road BOMBAY-25 Branches: MADRAS, NEWDEHLI, BHAVNAGAR, LUCKNOW GUNTUR. 10000000000cooooooooooo$?occooooooooooooooooo Glauber Salt Green Chrome Oxide Pigment cooooooooooocoo

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ra4] kubalAIkhAna kubbA khAne kUjhanADumAM zALI hatA. ema kahI zakAya. AkramaNa pahelAM A leke bhavya prasAda bAMdhyo "teH pramAdane gulAmImAM saDI rahyA hatA. paraMtu je bacyA e sukha UMDI uMDI guphAothI zAntine AbAkInA divase joI zakayA, evo bhavya gALe jANe emaNe kadI che ke jo na hete. pratyeka vyaktine punitA Apha tyAM vahe. pitAnI IcchA hoya te dharma pALavAnI chUTa hatI. e jamAnA kubalAIkhAna sAta sAta saikAothI manuSya kalpanA mAM e akalita bIna hatI. deza dezAvarathI AvatA pravAsI phalaka para AlekhAI rahyo che. meMgenI camatkArI kathAmAM o mATe eziyAnA tamAma rAjamArgo khulA ne salAmata kubalAI khAna chelle ne sauthI mahAna samrATa hate bhayAnaka hatA. divA svapna ne camaktA vaibhavanI evI kathA hajI jagate jaMghIsakhAnanuM sAmrAjya kALA samudrathI cheka prazAnta jANI nathI. mahAsAgara sudhI vistaryuM hatuM. dakSiNamAM cheka himAlaya sudhI melenI kathAoe jagatane vismaya vimUDha banAvI pahoMcyuM hatuM. vijothI prApta kareluM badhuM ja sAcavI zake dIdhuM hatuM paraMtu ene gALe ghare ja TUMke hate megeliana evI ja ghIsakhAne potAnA putrone saMpUrNa tAlIma ApI mayadAnenI A bhayaMkara pazu cAraNopajIvI jAtio haMmezA hatI. agresara ne rAjavI banavAnI emanAmAM tamAma lAyakAta paraspara laDayA ja karatI. cheka teramI sadImAM baMdhIsakhAne hatI. paraMtu jaMghI pakhAnane teomAM jhAjho vizvAsa IsvIsana camatkArI rIte saMgaThita karI. meMgelA A agresara virala 1227mAM hA lAo tu gAmamAM meMgeliAnI seIla nadI senAdhyakSa hate nirdaya mahatvAkAMkSA dharAvate. cIna, bhArata, para jaghIsakhAnanuM avasAna thayuM. tyAre enA putrane pautra turkastAna, IrAna ne raziyA para AkramaNa karI emaNe vizva enI maraNa zA AgaLa hAjara hatA. tyAre meMgola itihA bharamAM dhAka besADI dIdhI. ke emanI sAme TakI zakatuM nathI. sakAra sanAMga suTajhana kahe che tema jaMghIsakhAne potAnA agiemanI saMkhyA gaNI gaNAya nahi evI hatI. meMgale cAra varSanI vayanA pautra tarapha AMgaLI cIMdhI kahyuM hatuM : jaMgalIne dhAtakI hatA. eziyA ne yUrapakhaMDamAM emaNe hatyA " eka divasa e samrATa thaze ne mArAthI paNa meTuM nAma kAMDa sarajyA tyAre emanI sAme koI AMgaLI paNa uMcI kADhaze. karI zakyuM na hatuM ! aMguli nirdeza karAyelo e bAlaka hate kubalAI tuleno bIjo putra tule jaMghIsakhAnanA cAra putromAM sauthI dUra dUranA mayadAnomAMthI utarI AvatA A azva nAna jaMkIsakhAnanI mAnItI patnIne putra dAdAjInI bhaviSya savAroe e te bhaya phelAvatA ne evI te kAramI katala vANI sAcI pADavA kubalAIne trIsa varSathI vadhAre vATa jovI karatA ke mAnava zahIdIne gaMja khaDakAI gaye. kharekharA yuddha paDI. e gALAmAM kauTuMbika saMgharSone lIdhe megala sAmrAjya karatAM mAMgelAe emanA bhayajanaka kRtyathI ghaNuM ghaNuM meLavyuM hatuM. madhya eziyAnA kharA sAnanA rAjyamAM emaNe pacIsa tUTuM tUTuM thaI rahyuM hatuM. lAkha zabo khaDakI dIdhAM hatAM. bhavya mahAnagara balekhamAM eka kubalaIne bhAI maMgu ene pahelAM 2 grATa thayo enI eka strI puruSa ne bAlakanI hatyA karavAmAM AvI hatI. pAsa kArdIi daramiyAna navA vijaye noMdhAyA bagadAda kabaje karavarSa pachI mArkopile enI verAna zerIomAM dhumyA tyAre vAmAM AvyuM. ne chelA ambAsAIDa khalIphanI katala karavAmAM paNa e khaMDiyera dazAmAM ja hatuM dhIsakhAna je je mAge AvI. sADAsAta lAkha nAgarikanI paNa katala karavAmAM AvI pasAra thate tyAM tyAM khoparIonA evA te pirAmIDe khaDaka AkhuM cIna jItI levAmAM AvyuM ne eka karoDa ezI lAkha te ke eno virodha kare nakAme che. evuM nagaravAsIone cInAonI hatyA karavAmAM AvI. IsvIsana 1259 mA ho sadIo sudhI yAda rahe. cAu AgaLa maMgu laDatAM laDatAM marAyA pachI kuTuMbIjane paraMtu vicitra hakIkata to e che ke AvA AvA kaparA vaccenA thoDA saMgharSa pachI kubelAI mAMgela samrATa banya hatyA kAMDa pachI paNa bhayaMkara AkramaNa karanAra megele virATa potAnA lehI tarasyA ne jaMgalI kuTuMbIjano karatAM sAmrAjyanA zANAne udAra rAjakartAo nIvaDyA jadhAsakhAna kubalAIkhAna judA ja vicAro dharAvate e che ke yuddha khAtara nI talavArathI je kaI bacyA te eka karatAM vadhAre rIte bhAgya yuddha khelavAnI IcchA rAkhatA ne katala ane raktapAtamAM ja emanI saMkhyA gaI vAyA ne yurapamAM paNa uMcI Jain Education Intenational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 515 kadI na maLI hoya evA A bane teTalI mAhitI che eziyAnuM kimatamAM nahAvA mAgatA pariNAme teo halakAmAM halakI jAtanA jaMgalI kubalAIkhAnanI rAjamudrAo Aje paNa perIsamAM saMgrahI gaNatA. rAkhavANAM AvI che. pUrva yurapa, ne venIsanA pola jevA sAhasiko ne vyApArIo kubalAI khAnanA darabAramAM mastrI jyAre maMgu samrATa hatuM tyAre katalane badadhe vATA I , senAdhyAne rAjyapAlanA hoddA bhagavatA, ghATo karavAnA sUcanathI yuddha bora maMgu kubalAI para cheDAI paDyA hatA. paraMtu jyAre kubalAI samrATa banyo tyAre enI rAjakIya kAyaDAo ukelavA kubalAIkhAna yurapApa salAha vadhAre zAtipriya nIti vadhAre upakAraka siddha thaI paraMtu kArIne cIna AvavA protsAhana Apate. cIna jevA keLavAyalAne kubelAI keI nirbala samrATa nahete enuM rAjya majabUta sudharelA dezanuM rAjya calAvavA enA potAnA megele eTalA hatuM atyAra sudhI meMgela rAjavIonA aMtargata jaMgalI. saMskArI na hatA. cInAoe rAjakarmacArI mAnI padavI paNane bhUMsI nAkhanAra tarIke kubalAI prathama hatA. ApatAM ene haMmezAM Dara rahe che. rakhe ne e leke baMDa kare ne tenI sattAne nabaLI pADe. eTale jagatabharamAMthI e e nI vaya cAlIsa varSanI hatI. madhyama kada, zyAma buddhizALI ne keLavAyelA manuSyone AvakArate enA pekIMga nayane, ge; vadana, rAjasa prati , vagerethI e suMdara ne nA darabAramAM jagatanA sarva dezane elacIonuM bahumAna pratibhAzALI lAgatuM. karavAmAM AvatuM. enA lAMbA ne kAryarata kArabhAre virATa meMgAla sAmrA- bhedI rahasyamaya pUrvanI bane teTalI mAhitI meLavavA jyanI surata ja palaTI nAkhI. Aja sudhI bhagavyAM nahotAM kadI na maLI hoya evI pratyeka taka jhaDapavA yurapIana taiyAra ne pachI sadIo sudhI bhegavavAnuM kismatamAM nahotuM evI rahetA. tevI ja rIte kubalAIkhAnane paNa pitAnA virATa zAnti ne AbAdI eziyAe kubalAIkhAnanA rAjyataMtra sAmrAjyanI bahAra zuM banatuM te jANavAnI akhUTa jIjJAsA nIce bheLavyAM A AbAdI cI mAM ja kendrita thaI hatI. rahetI. e tIvra buddhine mAnavI hato eTaluM ja nahi paNa cIna e jamAnAmAM ad bhUta deza lekhAto yurape jANI na gajaba jJAnatRSA dharAvate cIne enA vijetAo para kaI hoya evI saMpatti ne vaibhava tyAM khaDakAryo hato kuchavAI yugajAne jAdu pAtharI dIdho hato. megele potAnA khUba khAnanA sAmrAjyanI mahattAne bhapakAe pazcimanA dezanI keLavAyelA prajA jana pAse navuM navuM zIkhavA Atura rahetA kalpanAne varSo sudhI AMjI rAkhI hatI. pariNAme kethe ane emaNe pitAnA jUnA pATanagara kArAkoramane tyAga karyo. kuba pUrvanA iMDIjha" pradeza prati yUpe pADelI mAna dariyAI lAkhAne kAmamAluka yA pekIMga nAme bhavya pATanagara vasAvyuM sapharane preraNA ApI. jethI mArkopole jevA bhalabhalA videzI pravAsIo aMjAI gayA. e yugamAM cInamAM be moTAM nagara pekIga ne hoMga kubalAIkhAnamAM ghaNI ja naisaMgika udAratAne khAnacAu cInamAM mukhya vyApAra ke. hatAM. enA senA cAMdI dAnI hatI. ene vaibhavane khUba ja zekha hate. enA darabAbajAramAM eziyAnA khUNe khUNethI vyApArIo AvatA. vibha- rane bhapako samagra duniyAne AMjI nAkhate pekIMgamAM Avela vazALI bajArothI zarIo guMjatI dariyAkinAre moTAM moTAM ene vizALa rAjamahela hajAra saradArane samAvata soLa godAmo zobhatAM. nadIone nahero para seMkaDo pula bAMdhavAmAM mAIlanA parIdhanI divAlathI e rakSAyeluM hatuM ene virATa AvyA hatA. raMgaberaMgI vyApArI vAhana vyavahAra tyAM satata bhejana gRhamAM cha hajAra mahemAna ekI sAthe bhejana laI cAlu rahetA. suMdara rezama ne 'TapheTA' para senA cAMdInA bharata zakatA. sone maDhelA nIlI jhAMyavALA maNithI buTTA bharelA kAma thatAM. kuzaLa kArI gIrI bharyA udyogethI leke zrImaMta galIcAo tyAM bichAvavAmAM AvatA. kubalAIkhAnanA khAnagI banatA. cInanA A suMdara vaibhava vilAsanAM sAdhano kharIdavA AvAsanI divAla sapheda DuMvAvALA jAnavaranA cAmaDAthI vyApAro hajAro mAIla dUrathI tyAM AvatA. zaNagAravAmAM AvatuM. - A samaye eziyAnA tamAma rAjyamArgo vyApArIo A zaktizALI khAnanA bagIcA kudarate mahAna samrA, mATe khullA hatA. vyApArIone rAtri e ke divase pravAsa 0 Tane zobhe evA jANe punaH sarajyA hatA. bagIcAmAM kuvArA bIlakula salAmata hate. e jamAnAmAM yurapamAM eTalI salAmatI hatA. banAvaTI TekarIo, jaMgavo, nadIo, sarovare ne jharaNAM na hotI. meMgola rAjyataMtra nIce samagra eziyA salAmata paNa hatAM. hate. romana sAmrAjyanA asta pachI cInAI rezama pahelI daza yojanAnI phaLadrupa bhUmi; ja vAra yurapa pahoMcyuM hatuM enA dAma paNa sArA upajatA. divAlo minArAthI bAMdhI dIdhI; pahelI ja vAra cInanA samrATane yurape nAma ne kAmathI jharaNuM taraMgothI camakI uThe. oLakhyA. tAbrojhathI phrAnsa mokalavAmAM AvelA patra paranI sugadhita vRkSethI mArI rahe; nA bhapakAe pazcimanA ulaI yugane jApAra cIne enA vijetAo nahi paNa kalpanAne varSo sudhI Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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516 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 mukhya hatA kapale AvyA hatI. enA ra evA bagIcA ane jaMgaleH ja AvatA. kAraNake kubalAIkhAna pAMca pAMca chokarIone giri zaMga hariyAthI zA sthAnake; sAthe lAvate A chokarIo ene paDayo bela jhIlatI. raviteja ene suvarNa mahe; zahenazAha emanI sAthe phAve tema vartata pAMcanI eka TukaDI samrATa sAthe traNa divasane traNa rAta rahetI. pachI pAMcanI parivaMda nRtyo majhAnAM kare. bIjI TukaDI pharaja para hAjara thatI. kubalAIkhAna pAse ke kubalAI khAna prabhu peThe pUjAnA jyAre e jamavA puruSa paricArako rahetA nahi. suMdara yuvAna chokarIo ja enI besate tyAre enA parijane hAMmAM rezamI rUmAla khesI sevAmAM haMmezAM hAjara rahetI. Ama ene su'tAlIsa saMtAne detA, enA bhejanane rakhe ne jherI pAza na lAgI jAya. enI putraputrI thayAM yuddhamAM haMmezAM enA putra ja saradArI letA. hAjarImAM prajAjanomAM saMpUrNa zAnti pravartatI khAna hoya kubalAIkhAna dharmamAM khUba uMDo rasa leta enuM dila te sthaLathI pharatA ardhA mAIla sudhI saMpUrNa mauna jALavavAmAM eTaluM te udAra hatuM ke pratyeka dharmamAM ene rasa paData. AvatuM pekIMganA darabAramAM paNa soya paDe heya saMbhaLAya pratyeka dhamane eNe abhyAsa karyo hato. yahUdI, bauddha ne evI zAnti jaLavAtI darabAramAM janAra pratyeka vyakti sapheda muslIma dharma eNe dhyAnathI samajavA prayatna karyo hate. cAmaDAnAM pagarakhAM paheratI rezamane kasabanI raMgaberaMgI kArI gIrIthI zobhatA gAlIcA rakhene emanA sparzathI kaluSita * paraMtu khristI dharma ane sauthI vadhAre AkarSI zake hate. thAya. dareka darabArI potAnI pAse nAnI nAnI thuMkadAnIo IsvIsana 126pamAM nilene mAphi pile enA paNa rAkhatA. AvA amulya gAlIcA para ghUMkavAnI keNa darabAramAM AvyA. enA darabAramAM AvanAra e pahelA ja hiMmata kare ? pazcima yurapanA vAsIo hatA. khristIonA tIrthadhAma ITA lImAMthI teo AvyA hatA eTale kubelAI ane emanAmAM kubalAIkhAnane ghaNI patnIo hatI. enA rAjyakALanA khUba rasa lIdho hato. pole bhAIo zANA ne samaju pravAsI aMta bhAgamAM mAkepale AvyA tyAre cAra mahArANIo o hatA. tAtaMra bhASA teo zIkhIne ja AvyA hatA. eTale mukhya hatIH vizvanA mahAna samrATane zobhe evuM ene vizALa mahAna khAna AgaLa emane bIlakula saMkoca lAgyuM na hatuM. aMtaHpura paNa hatuM. vaLI teo pAkakA vyApArIo hatA. paraMtu khAna pAse kaI meMgela rAjakumAranI sthApita praNAlikA mujaba cheka vAtanI kamInA na hatI eTale emane bhautika cIja te zuM rIo pasaMda karavAmAM AvatI. unaTanA tAtaMra pradezamAM vece ? tethI emaNe ene pitAne dharma ve. samrATanA pratinidhio ekaeka varSanA aMtare jatA. tyAMnI mahilAo garA vAna ne saudarya mATe mazahUra hatI. hajAro kubalAI khAnane Isu khristanI vAtamAM khUbaja rasa mahilAone ekaThI karavAmAM AvatI ratnanI cakAsaNI peThe paDe. paraMtu khIle jaDI prANuM levAnI khUbI enA pautya emanA sauMdaryanI cakAsaNI karavAmAM AvatI. keza kalApa, mAnasane jhAjhI spazI gaI nahi. AvA gauravAnvita manuSyanuM mukhAraviMda, dehAkRti ityAdinAM judA judA mulyAMkana thatAM. Ama khIle jaDI balidAna zA mATe levAyuM haze e tene emAM sauthI zreSTha jaNaya ene khAnanA darabAramAM khaDI kara samajAyuM nahi. paraMtu popanI saMsthAmAM ane bhAre rasa paDe vAmAM AvatI ne tyAM paNuM pharI chaTaNI thatI. pipanI saMpatti ne vaibhava, enI virATa paNuM rahasya bharI sattA enA saramukhatyAre zAhI mAnasane anurUpa hatA. A vAta khAna te badhAMmAMthI trIsa cAlIsa mahilAo pasaMda ene turata samAI gaI. A pUrvanA mahAna rAjavIne karatA. pachI dareka chokarI eka eka saradAranI patnI ne tAlIma khristI dharmanI A eka ja vastu kharekhara spazI gaI. mATe soMpavAmAM AvatI emanAmAM jarA paNa kacAza na rahI jAya e jovAnI temanI pharaja hatI. pile bhAIe pitAnA elacI tarIke pipa pAse jAya evI kubalAIkhAne IcchA vyakta karI. vArtAra lokane khristI emanA zvAsamAM gaMdha na AvatI hovI joIe e dharmanuM jJAna ApavA pipa remathI so vidvAne mokalI Ape tapAsavA pe. saradAra patnIo emanI sAthe zayana karatI. evI vinaMti karI. varSo pachI polAbhAIo nikalanA putra emanA nasakorA na bolavA joIe. uMdhamAM pAsA badalatI mArko sAthe pharIthI kubalAIkhAna pAse AvyA tyAre popee na hovI joIe. ane enA aMge pAMgo mAMthI. durgaMdha na AvavI nI mAgaNI pramANe pAdarIo mokalyA hatA paraMtu mArgamAM joIe. AvI AvI aneka prakAranI cakAsaNI karavAmAM ja teo hiMmata hArI gayA ne vatana pAchA vaLI gayA. AvatI. Ama A pAdarIo kubalAIkhAnane khristI dharma aMgI A badhI cakAsaNIomAMthI pAra utare te samrATanI kAra karAvI zakyA nahi paraMtu eNe khristI dharmanuM AMtarika phAyananI sAthI banatI. chatAMya aMgata paricayano prasaMga bhAgye mulya svIkAryuM. cInamAM pravartatA jaMgalI dharmo peThe emAM Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 517 camatkArane jAdanuM koI sthAna na hatuM. vaLI dharma parivartana rika najara nAkhate te ene tarata ja kApI nAkhavAmAM AvatA mATe kaI camatkArI zakti paNa khristIo dAkhavatA nahi. "tArA mAlikane tArI jarUra che. jA. enI khidamatamAM rahe." paraMtu khristI dharmanI tAlIma ApavA khristI rAja tAlIma pAmelA zikSake mokalI na zakyA tethI ja kubalAIkhAna tibe, paraMtu kubalAIkhAna jaMgalI na hate. AvA parijane TanA bauddhadharma prati vanya ne bauddhadharmIone enA darabAramAM svarge pahoMcyA hoya to paNa e temane svIkAra karatA nahi. ucca padavIo ApavAmAM AvI. | madhyayuganAM tuphAnI dezomAM kubelaIkhAna eka mahAna kubalAIkhAne potAnA rAjyane vistAravAnA saMkhyAbaMdha vyakita hate. sauthI vizALa pradeza para sauthI moTI prajAjaprayAso karyA. paraMtu emAM jhAjhI saphaLatA maLI nahi. jApAna nI saMkhyA para eNe rAjya karyuM hatuM. keI paNa samrATa sara pharavAnA be prayatno niSphaLa gayA. kocIna cInane jAvA ene AMbI zakyo nathI. eNe pUrva ane pazciNa jagatane paranAM AkramaNe paNa phatehamaMda na nIvaDyAM chatAM eNe brahma eka gAMThe bAMdhyuM tyAra pahelAM tene eka bIjAthI teo deza te kabaje karyA ja. bIlakula aparicita hatA TUMkAne camatkArI gALAmAM bannene IsvIsana 1294 mAM enuM avasAna thayuM. tyAre enI eka bIjAne oLakhavAne samajavAnI taka ApI. enAM vaya khyAzI varSanI hatI enA prajAjane ne ene mATe khUba pahelA ne pachInI aMdhArI sadIomAM enI kArakidI prakAza ne zANapaNanI eka javalaMta tirekhA banI gaI khUba Adara hato tyAranA vizvamAM paNa e mUka mazahUra banyuM hatuM. enA avasana pachI megala sAmrAjya veravikhera thaI enA mRtyune megelanA kALA jaMgalI rivAjathI navA gayuM. rahasyamaya eziyAnA pradeza para pharIthI aMdhakAra vyApI javAmAM AvyuM. enI hayAta patnI ne enI sAthe jIvatI gaye pUrvane pazcima vacce gerasamajane vahemanA aMtarAye dATI devAmAM AvI. enI mazAna yAtrA para koI paNa nAga- umA thayA. 20000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 phonaH 7822178222. grAma : " khetaudyoga" -bate ane khetIne sAcA sAthI to gujarAta egro - - TrekaTara - tiraNa, rIperIMga sarvisIga tathA bhADA beDamATe vyAjabI dare. 0 rAjadANa -- Dhorone mATe uttama khANa. 0 kheDUto mATe sarTiphAIDa saMkara-4 kapAsanuM bI vyAjabI dare. 0 baTAkAnI khetI karanArAone baTAkAnA saMgraha mATe zItAgAranI savalate. 0 asarakAraka jaMtunAzaka davA "egroDIna" jenuM vimAna vaDe paNa chaTakAva karavAmAM Ave che. 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 900000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 kheDUta bhAIone A vizvAsaniya sevAone lAbha. kheta AdhArita udyoga para samRddhi : gujarAta egro-InDasTrIjha korporezana li. kheta udyoga bhavana, hAIkeTa sAme, navaraMgapurA, amadAvAda-14 rararararararararararara rararararararara rararararara rarararara rarararararararara rararara rararararararara Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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518 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 With Best Compliments from With Best Compliment from Phone No. 534764 Deepak Insulated Cable-Corporation Ltd. Welsel-Moulders Industry House, 45, Fair Field Road, BANGALORE-1 125. Madhu Kampound, Scnavala Cross Lane, Goregow (East) BOMBAY-63 00000000000000000000000000-000000000000000000000-0000000000000000000000000000000000 The Newasarwa Mills Private Limited Saraspu., AHMEDABAD-18. Our Specialities COATINGS, CHECK, TRICOLINS, PATTOS, SHIRTING), DYED & PRINTED POPLINS, SATIN, SLUB DOBBY, SUPERFINE VOILS, & PRINTED CAMBRICS. Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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vizvamAM 'DAmAM UMDuM sarovara eka mAila huM camakatI sapATIne gADha aMdhakAra bha" khaDakALa taLoyuM. dakSiNa sAibirIAmAM e AvyuM. uttara dakSiNa e cAraso mAila eka kAMThAthI bIjA kAMThA sudhInu antara pacAsa mAIla. vicitra ne paradezI vividha prakAranI mIThA pANInI enuM e nivAsa sthAna enA kinAre vasatI mAnavajAtine uttaranA khaDakALa kinAre pedA thatI 'sIla 'nA mITho khorAka. mAchalI [25] taimura tyAM mAchalA zAnti cAhaka mAMgalA tyAM vase che. emanI bhASAmAM A sarAvara dalAI neTa' yAne pavitra dariyAnA nAme oLakhAya che. raziyano ane khaikala sarovara kahe che ne e nAmathI ja e mulka mazahUra che. parantu dalAi nera nAme e saikAo sudhI eLakhAtu rahyuM hatuM. khAramI sadInA madhya kALamAM A pradezamAM ja jadhIsakhAna janmayA hatA. A pradezamAM ja tera varSoMnI kAcI vaye eNe nAnakaDA mAMgeAla rAjyanuM sukAna saMbhALyuM hatu. A sthaLethI ja e jagata jItavA nIkLI paDayA hatA. mAMgeAla jAti AMdhI daDInA dhImA mANaso. AMkhA. vaNajhArAnu' emanu jIvana tabumAM rahe. mAthe rAkhe ne zikAra khele jAnavara mAre ne kAcuM ne kAcuM jAya. gheADe savArI tAM emanA bApanI ja jagatamAM joDa jaDe nahi. gheADInuM dUdha pIe mahephilAmAM e krUra kaheA varAvIne duzmananI khAparImAM pIe. badhA ja mAMgelA tAtara yA tAra paNa kahevAya madhya yugamAM yurapa madhya eziyAne * tArI ' nAme pichAnatu e sivAya e zabdanuM anya kei utpatti sthAna maLI Avatu nathI hAthamAM bhAlA sivAya e bhAgye ja najare paDatA. khAne atyuttama saphala lazkarI tatra racyu, e taMtre jagata verAna karI nAkhyuM. laI javAya eTaluM gulAme ne dhana mAMgeAla medAneAmAM DhasaDI gayAM. paraMtu e mAMgela suvarNa kALa pachI sAmrAjyanI avanati beThI. TALAbaMdha jAtiomAM vaheMcAi gayuM. jaghIsakhAnanA janma pahelAM hatI tevI sthitimAM punaH mUkAI gayuM. emAM eka bAralAsa nAmanI TukaDI. samarakaMdanI dakSiNe AvelI TekarIomAM emanA vAsa. isvIsana 1336 mAM emanA sara ekadAranI prapatnIe. eka putrane janma ApyA. enuM nAma taimura, megAla jAtimAM paNa ghaNA varSAM hatAH kipacekA karAitA neimAna, uighUra ne dhIjha nAme jAtA ja dhIsakhAnanA samayamAM naNItI hatI. sekaDo varSa pahelAM e bhASA khelatI bIjI paNa jAtie hatI. emanAM virAya mAMgela mayadAnemAMthI pazcime utarI AvI yurapamAM nAma kADhI gayA. e hRNu geAtha serjIka ne venDAla, emanA pUrvajo peThe e paNa gheADAnA jIna para rahevAmAM ja mAnatA anna pANI vinA devasenA divasA sudhI gheADe savArI karatA lAga maLe tyAre DhagalAba'dha khAtA pItA cusI koI paNa jAtanA Ta'TAphisAda vinA taimura enA pitA pachI emanI TaLInA saradAra thayA. isvIsana 1369mAM e jaTA peAtAnI TukaDInA khAna banyA. tyAre enI vaya tetrIsa varSoMnI khAI tyAM sudhImAM te eNe saMkhyA baMdha nAnI nAnI mAMgela TALI enIo para vijaya meLavyeA hatA. sArA evA pradeza paNa eNe kabaje karyAM hatA. yuddhamAM eka bANu vAgavAthI ene bhAre ijA thai hatI. tethI mAMgAla bhASAmAM e timura ilega eTale taimura laMgaDo kahevAyA. e satata laDAi khAra hatA vRkSaHsthala para kavacane jadhIza aMdhe vinAza veryAM parantu ja ghIsakhAnanA avasAna pachI emanA vArasAnA saMghaSa mAMgeAla sAmrAjyane tUTavAnI aNI para lAvI mUkayuM sainyane sAmrAjyanA e vinipAtane kUbalA ikhAne thADo samaya thabhAgye teramI saddInA aMta kALanA pAMtrIsa varSa eNe rAjya karyuM... zANA mANasa kalAne sAhityanA zekhIna sAmrAjyane saMgaThita ne zAntipriya rAkhavA e ghaNu mathyA samagra sAmrAjyamAM hunnara udyogo khIlavyA enA jIvana daramiyAna mAMgeAla sAmrAjya vizvabharamAM sarvoparI rahyuM. Akhu lUMTayu bAkI gheADA varSomAMja enI apakIti pazcimanAM yupiyana pradezomAM phelAi gai. temUra leina,' nA nAme bhayathI mAnava haiyAM dhrUjAvI mUkayAM Ama te enu sainya enA pUrvajo karatAM nAnuM hatu. chatA have tenI pAse sArAM zastrastrA hatA. tAlIma paNa sArI pAmyuM hatuM. nAnakDAM vacherAM para kalpanAmAM na Ave eTaluM attara teo ekadhAruM kApatA. bhAlA, gadA, talavArane dhanuSyathI sajja rahetA. polAdI kavacane zirastrANu dhAraNa karatA. emanI AgaLa guptacaro jatA. sainyanA Agamana pahelAM ja tenI AgAhI karatA. sainya dArugoLA paNa vAparatu. eka mAMgAla saunya bhayaMkara hatuM ene evI te gajaba saphaLatA sAMpaDI ke laDAI para laDAI teo jItatA ja gayA lUMTano mAla khaDakatA ja gayA ne irSyA ne bhaya relAvatA ja rahyA ene sonerI TALI nAma apAyuM hatuM. taimUre emane parAjya ApavAnA emanI sattAne sonu jhUMTavI levAne nirNaya karyo

Page #525
pa0 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 kismate ene yArI ApI e suvarNa ToLInAM rAja- chatAMya taimUre e vaMzanuM nikaMdana kADhayuM. hindu muslIma kuTuMbamAM saMgharSa ubhe thayo. eka rAjakumAra tetAmIze taimUranA nAgarikonI eka sarakhI katala karI. eno IrAde phakata bhArata nAnakaDA darabAramAM Azraya mAge. taimUre ene vadhAvI lIdhuM. luMTavAno ja hate rAja! vistAra tarIke e pradeza ghaNo dUra sinerI ToLInAM khAne tenAmIzane pI devA jaNAvyuM. hato vaLI bhArata pahoMcavuM paNa muzkela hatuM eTale enA pariNAme yuddha maMDAyu. tAkatAmIzanA sAthIo taimU nI paDakhe sAmrAjyamAM bhAratane bheLavI devAnuM azakaya hatuM rahyA. aMdarakhAnethI sahAya ApI rahyA. TUMka samayamAM ja taimUre suvarNa ToLIne parAjya ApyuM. takatAmazane potAnA Ama parAjIta vistArone potAnA sAmrAjya sAthe ramakaDA jevo khAna banAvyo. joDI devAnI taisuranI anicchAthI yurapane eziyAnAM ghaNAM rAjyone temanI saMskRti bacI javA pAmI utara bhAratanI have taimUre IrAna para AkramaNa karyuM. gauravaMtA pATana- vijaya kRca pachI eNe tune IjIpta vAsIo viruddha gara ihAne sAmane karyo. paraMtu Akhare enuM patana thayuM. pitAnuM nizAna tAkyuM emanA pradeza e khudI vaye tuka'nuM taimUre enA vartamAna ane bhAvI zatruo para dAba besADavA pATanagara busA kabaje karyuM damAskasa lU-yuM jerusalema agaupayoga karyo. enA nAgarikonI samUha katala karI. sittera mya rIte bacI gayuM. paMdaramAM saikAnA 5 lA varSamAM te re hajAra mastake eka bhaya kara pIrAmIDa durganI sAme ubho agni yurapamAM pagada De jamAvya. karyo tyAMthI eNe sainyane IrAnI akhAta tarapha gheryuM-kAbulane kaMdahAra tarapha kUca karI. raste AvatA tamAma pradezane pachI e pitAnA vahAlA vatana samarakaMda pAcho vaLyo verAna banAvI mUke enAM seve pazcimamAM paNa Ama yurapane khristI dharma bacI gayA have ene sATha varSa ghUsyA. Ama taimUra eka sthaLe rahI. ekI sAthe che judA judA thayA hatA. eTale have eNe pitAnA vatana samarakaMdane zaNaAkramaNe saMbhALato rahyo eka sainya eNe potAnA gAravA lakSya ApyuM eNe khuMdelA pATanagarothI cAra caMdA ramakaDA khAna takatAmIza sAme paNa ravAnA karyuM halakI jAti caDhI jAya evuM samarakaMda racavA eNe niradhAra karyo. parAjIta bArlosanAM thaI paDelA A vijetA sAthe tetAmIzanA keTa dezomAMthI aMge kuzaLa kArIgaro bela vI maMgAvyA deza dezanA lAka sAthIoe roSe bharAI baMDa UThAvyuM hatuM. eTale taimUre kaDI A, sutAra, zilpakAra ne nIo samarakaMdamAM ubharAyA bIjIvAra e suherI ToLI para AkramaNa karyuM ne enuM nAma enI pitAnI AgavI khAsiyAta pramANe rakaMdamAM puna nizAna bhUMsI nAkhyuM. A enuM sauthI moTuM lazkarI parAkrama ruddha: nuM kArpe eNe AraMbhaLyuM. samarakaMda TuMka samayanA ja kahevAya. IrAnane uttara bhAratanA vinAza AgaLa e najIvuM vizvanI eka adbhUta nagarI banI ga ' vizALa rAjamahAlayo lekhAya chatAM e yuddhamAM meTA meTA sainya saMDovAyA hatA. AkarSaka nivAsa sthAne saMkhyAbaMdha zipane lAkaDAne tethI ene zreSTha vijaya mAnavAmAM AvyuM che pachI parAjIta paththaranI ratna jaDita kalA kArIgIrIthI nagara epI rahyuM. sainya nAnI nAnI ToLIomAM eziyAnA mayadAnomAM vikharAI chatAM hajI enI vijaya bhUkha zamI nahotI isvIsana javAne badale taimUranAM saiyamAM bhaLI gayuM ane enA vikasatA 1402mAM eNe punaH AraMbha karyo. cIna para vijaya meLavavA maMgala sAmrAjyanAM aMgabhUta banI rahyA. yojanA ghaDI. A vicitra pUrva khaMDa ekavAra te mAMgalee Ama enI pragati akkala viheNI patA enA chellA hastagata karyo hate. kubalAIkhAna te pahelA yuAna vaMzano varSomAM leyiALa hatyAkAMTha banI rahI eNe bagadAda kabaje prathama samrATa banyA hatA. e zANe ne samaju samrATa hatA. karyuM. pachI bagadAde pharI mAthuM ucakayuM. tyAre taimUra potAnA enA rAjayakALa daramiyAna cIna sarva sattAdhIza banyuM hatuM. nevuM hajAra mAMgala sainikomAnA darekane zatrunuM eka eka nApara nadIthI prazAnta mahAsAgara suMdhA e sAmrAjya vistayuM mastaka kApI lAvavA Adeza Ape pachI e badhAM mastaka hatu. Aka Tika samudrathI cheka melAkAnA sAmUdra bagadAdamAM paNa eka moTo pirAmIDa ubho karyo pachI e bhArata pradeza eNe AvarI lIdhA hatA. paraMtu kubalAIkhAnanA avatarapha vaLe kheMbara ghATa oLaMgI eNe mIratane zahere mula sAna pachI mege ne hAMkI kADhavAmAM AvyA hatA. cInAI tAna zahero lUTayAM bhAratIya medAnamAM 'ruM ne sainyanA navA mIgaza have hakumata dharAvatA. temanI pAse to temaNe cIna prakAra hasti senAno sAmano karavo paDaye parantu A masadI pharI hastagata karavA vicAra karyo. vyuha racayitA e dilhInA bAdazAhane tenA hAthIone durganI ekI sAthe e aneka AkramaNo saMbhALI zakato eTale bahAra medAnamAM AvavA dIdhA pachI baTaku mAMgelIana hayadaLa cInAi AkramaNanI yojanA karatAM karatAM eNe tune AkraenA para tUTI paDyuM. bhAratIya sainyane bhAre parAjya veTha maNa karI parAjaya Apyo. paDo taimUra vijayanA pratika tarIke hAthIone samarakaMda laI gagajaba lUMTathI bhAratamAM vinAza verato gayo bhAratamAM paNa ane isvIsana 1405mAM taimura cIna para savArI tyAre muslIma rAjya hatuM taimura peThe ja islAma dharma pALatuM karavA upaDe. paraMtu e pravAsamAM ja e bhayaMkara bimArInA Jain Education Intenational

Page #526
pa21 bichAne paTakAye ne avasAna pAmyA. jaMghIsakhAnanuM deva ene hatA. e vIra, sahISNune kalapanAmAM na Ave evo zaktipaNa bheTI gayuM, zALI hate. e pitAnA sAthIone ja nahi paNa zatrunAM mAnasa paNa pArakhI zakate enI mustaddIgIrIne vyuharacanA A bane meMgela vijetAomAM ghaNu sAmya che. abhUta hatI, yuddha virAmanA samaye e zetaraMja ramate ne bannene emanI ugatI juvAnImAM sattArUDha thavA emanAM mahilA haMmezAM jItate. zetaraMjanI vyuharacanA taimura raNakSetramAM paNa kuTuMbI janoe vaphAdArI ne vIratAthI sahAya karI hatI. kAme lagADate e maMda ramatanI cAla e raNakSetramAM pUra jhaDape bannenI mAtAne bahenoe yojanA badhdha khaTapaTa karI emanI khelI batAvato "daza mANasa sAthe yogya sthaLe samaya pahelAM pragati sAdhI hatI. banne yudhane yudha khAtara cAhatA pradezI pahoMcI javuM e dazahajAra mANase sAthe moDA paDavA karatAM vistAra karatAM lUMTamAM emane vadhAre rasa hato. jaMghIsakhAna bahetara che" ne "jene paDakhe zakti tene paDakhe satya" e manajI hatuM ne sAmrAjyamAM darekane potapotAno dharma che enAM priya sutra hatAM. pALavAnI chUTa hatI. jyAre taimura custa muslIma ne dharmAnja hatuM. bannemAM vyaktigata vIratA ne niyatA hatI. bannenI jaMghIsakhAnanA avasAna pachI tevI ja rIte taimUranA katale duniyAnA koIpaNa vijetAne TapI jAya evI hatI. avasAna pachI meMgola jAti ToLIomAM vaheMcAI gaI. aMdara aMdara jhaghaDavA lAgI. jhaMdhIsakhAna pachI kubalAIkhAne enAmAM taimuranA vijaya AgaLa ne polIana ne sIjharanA vijaye navajIvana reDyuM hatuM. taimUra pachI navacetana reDanAra kaMI ja kazI ja visAtamAM nathI. senAdhyakSanA badhA ja guNe taimuramAM pAka nahi. 200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000008 Gram : "DOSSAHCO" Phones Office 321330 328570 Dossa Harjee 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000-00 Manufacturers & Exporters Waterproot Readymade Tarpaulins Agents for Birla Jute Carpedts and India Linoleums. 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 ALL KINDS cf COTTON & JUTE CANVAS (WATERPROOr UNPROOPED ). CHAR CANV.S. FILE CLOTH (COTTON TERYLEN, NYLON). 5/59 Masjid Bunder Road. P. B. BOX No. 3209 BOMBAY-3. (India). 2000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

Page #527
para eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 zubhecchA pAThave che. zrI jhagaDiyA tAlukA ko-o jInIMga enDa presIMga sosAyaTI lI. jhagaDiyA (jillo-bharUca) sthApanA 1956 * A sosAyaTImAM jhagaDiyA tAlukAnA 1100 agIyAro kheDuta bhAIo ane 15 paMdara maTIparapajha sosAyaTIo sabhAsada tarIke joDAela che. * sabhAsada bhAIonA kapAsanuM ekatrIkaraNa karI tenuM pIlANa karI rU ane kapAsIyAnuM vecANa kArya kare che. * bIjanA kapAsIyA temaja anya sudhArelA biyAraNanuM vitaraNa kArya kare che. * saMvejita malTIparapajha sosAyaTI che temaja vyaktigata sabhAsadamAM kapAsanuM rUpAMtara kArya ane vecANakArya A sosAyaTInI rathApanA samayathI ekIkaraNa paddhatithI thAya che. nagI bhAi trI. pArekha goradhanabhAI chaganabhAI paTela menejara, pramukha. 24214 : Paintshop TelIphona : 316 130 una vibhAga saghanakSetra yojanA svastIka sADI sTorsa magura (tAlukA taLAjA) (bhAvanagara jile.) garama unanA dhAbaLA, sAdI dhAbaLI vagere banAvI vecANanI kAmagIrI kare che. holasela enDa rITela kensI sADIonA vepArI ravizaMkara ke. bhaTTa vyavasthApaka jayahinda esTeTa, biDIMga naM. 2, bhulezvara, muMbaI naM. 2. Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

Page #528
akabara cIsa pADatA ToLAe paMcadhAtunA daravAjA toDI nAkhyA dakSiNa DhaLAva para vAsa karyo. pachI dakSiNa pUrvamAM AgaLa bhavya prasAdanA prAMgaNamAM praveza karyo. "akabaranI kabara teDI vadhI emaNe AdivAsI kALI cAmaDInA vAMkaDiyA vALa vALA nAkhI akabaranAM asthi kADhI ene agni saMskAra karyA. jenI draviDa lokone pAchA dhakelyA A draviSyine bhAratIya dvipapAse sArAnarasAnI AzA nathI tenI duniyAM AvI dazA kare kalpanA cheka dakSiNAtA cheDA sudhI dhakelAI gayA. Akramakee che. zahenazAha akabaranA jIvanane rAjyane Ama akhta Ave! ghaNAnI hatyA karI. ghaNAne keda pakaDyA. jesyuITa itihAsakAra A aMtima apakRtya akabarane A Akemake pitAnI sAthe vicitra Aryana bhASA anta hatA. paraMtu loke je kAMI sAruM narasuM kAma kare che lAvyA gUMcavaNa bharyo hindu dharma A. vikAsa pAmelI ene kAMIka aMza te pAchaLa rahI ja jAya che eTale A kalA ne zilpa sajAvyAM. moTAM moTAM zahero bAMdhyAM vArANasI mahAna megala samrATane ema visAye vicArI zakAya ema jevAM adyApi hasti dharAve che. emaNe cAra varSe dAkhala karyA nathI. megala sAmrAjyane ene sthApaka na gaNIe paraMtu ene karyA. lekanA cAra mukhya vibhAga pADayA. brAhmaNa yA yurehita vyavasthApaka te e jarUra hatuM ja. enuM sAmrAjya bhAratIya kSatriya yA yoddhA, vaizya yA vyApArI ne zUdra yA gulAme. upakhaMDanA eka cheDAthI bIjA cheDA sudhI ane enI pAra paNa zUdro parAjIta prajAnAM ja mANaso hatAM AryothI vadhAre zAmaLA vistaryuM hatuM. ene lakhatAM vAMcatAM AvatuM na hatuM. hatA. anAye tarIke oLakhAtA. pitAnuM nAma paNa e lakhI zakate nahi chatAM enuM jJAna ne samaja vizALa hatAM. bArabAra sAmAnya mANaso yAda rAkhI Ama cAra hajAra varSa pahelAMthI raMgabhedane AraMbha zake tenA karatAM e vadhAre hakIkate, vicArone svano dilamAM thaye. hiMdu varcasva saMpUrNa banyuM. pachI jaina ne bauddhadharma bharI zakto. enI agAdha smaraNa gIta e sone sAcavatI. astitvamAM AvyA. bauttadharma pUrva eziyAmAM phulyo phAlyo eNe pote pATI para eka akSara paNa pADo nahi chatAM enA paraMtu jaina ke bauddha dharma bhAratamAM pagadaMDo jamAvI zakyA viSe lakhavA eNe aneka ne protsAhana ApyuM. ane e lakhANa nahi. IsvIsana pUrve cothA saikAmAM mahAna sikaMdara bhArata parathI ApaNe jANIe chIe ke enAM nayane sUrya prakAzamAM utarI Avyo. paraMtu enuM Agamana khUbaja suMTu nIvaDayuM. camakatA samudra jevAM hatAM ! enuM vana saMpUrga vivekI hindu rAjya cAlu rahyuM dvipakalpanA judA judA pradezamAM judAM hatuM. e mahAna joDe mahAna hatuM. ne hIna joDe vinamra hatA. judI rAjya sthapAyAM hajI uttarathI AkramaNo AvatAM ja 'traNa kalAkathI vadhAre eNe ekI sAthe nidrA lIdhI nathI rahyA. paraMtu A Akramaka pAchA cAlyA gayA yA bhAratanA vAInA dardathI e pIDAte. virATa mAnava samUhamAM bhaLI gayA. purAtana bhAratIya dharmane saMskRti apanAvI rahyA. eNe samagra bhArata eka chatra nIce ApyuM. ne eka navA jadhamanuM saMzodhana karyuM. e pAsAdAra mAnavI hatA paraMtu isvIsana 1000nI sAlamAM eka navAja prakAparaMtue pAsAMne khyAla karIe te te pahelAM e jamyA e 2nuM AkramaNuM AvyuM. bhayaMkara jhanunI islAmadharma laI Akrajagatane ApaNe jANI laIe. makonAM dhADAM uttarathI bhAratamAM ghusI AvyAM. IslAmanA A anuyAyIo muslIme eka ja IzvaramAM mAnatA eka ja dharma tyAre paNa e palaTAtI duniyAM hatI. peTA khaMDanuM svIkAratA badhAja paradharmo nAstIkonuM nAmo nizAna bhU sI yuganuM hindu varcasva videzI muslIma jema AgaLa namatuM nAkhavA teo kaTIbaddha hatA A IslAma dharma AThamakene jokhyuM hatuM. ne e muslIma vacce bIjA muslIma varcasvaH Aga nahe. bhAratanI hada bahAra vizvanA moTA vistAramAM sarvasvane ghasaDI jatA vaMToLanA jema AgaLa namI paDyuM patharAyeluM hatuM. ne nUtana Akramaka enA jhaMDA nIce pratijJA hatuM. paraMtu A navA megala Akramakene samajavA ApaNe baddha hatA. emanAM dhArmika vatra khalIphanA bola teo mAthe emanA pUrva prati paNa daSTipAta karI levo paDaze. caDhAvatA ne khalIphanA pATanagara bagadAda sAthe satata saMparka IsvIsana pUrve 2000 varSa pahelAM bhAra nIya piTAkhaMDa rAkhatA atyAranA IjharAI lAITo peThe teo anyane pitAnA girirAja himAlayanI dakSiNe AveluM vizALa phaladrupa pradeza dharmamAM dAkhala karatA ne navA navA pradezomAM vasAhata hate vAyavya khUNethI gorI cAmaDIne sIdhA vALa vALa Akra sthApatA. make e emAM praveza karyo. AraMbhamAM teoe himAlayana - A kSaNathI bhArata be bhAgamAM vaheMcAI gayuM. Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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pa24 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga muslImoe pitAnA pATanagara tarIke uttaramAM eka muslIma na hote. saMpUrNa dharma sarva dharmane samanvaya ho vyuhAtmaka sthaLa pasaMda karyuM saMrakSaka hinduo sAthe A sthaLe joIe evuM enA dilane DhasI gayuM akabaranA rAjyamAM teo aneka yuddho khelyA dilhInI AsapAsanA e pradezamAM pahelAM paradezIo pocuMgI bhArata AvyA dariyA mAge sthAyI thayA ne IsavIsana 1200nA arasAmAM bhAratanA meTA AvI zAntithI dariyA kinAre sthAyI thayA. akabare pitAnA bhAga para crcasva jamAvatA thayA. tinidhio ekalA jesyuITa dharmagurUone dilhI A vA paraMtu tyAra pachI dilhInA A sulatAnone vadhAre AmaMtraNa ApyuM pitAne emanA dharmanuM jJAna ApavA vinaMtI yuddhakhAra vadhAre bhayaMkara ne vadhAre dharmAnja anya muslImoe karI pote khristI dharma aMgIkAra karavAne nahote chatAMya ene parAjaya Apyo. asalanI peThe teo paNa uttaramAMthI ja khristI dharmanA siddhAMtane abhyAsa kare hate evI ja AvyA. paraMtu A vakhate pradeza ke saMpatti meLavavAnI temane rIte brAhmaNa dharma, jaina dharma, bauddha dharma, pArasI dharmane jhAjhI lAlasA nahotI emane to agAunA Akramakone daMDa anya dharmonA pratinidhione paNa eNe AmaMcyA badhA dharmane 3 vidhio viSe ene saMpUrNa jJAna prApta karavuM hatuM. devAnI dhUna hatI. kAraNa ke agAunA Akramake e sAco dharma visArI mUkayo hato. IsvIsana 1398mAM dhamadha sainiko Ama badhA dharmonA UMDA abhyAsa pachI akabare na sAthe vaMToLiyA peThe taimUra dhasI Avyo samarakaMda pAchA pharatAM dharma pratye jenuM nAma hatuM. "dIne IlADI" jarA paNa pahelAM eNe hindu muslIma bannenI ekadhArI katala karI. julma karyA vinA ene re karyo paraMtu emAM ene jhAjhI taimUranA A jhaMjhAvAte agAu sthapAyelI muslIma sattAne saphalatA maLI nahi. rAjakRpA meLavavA ghaNu mANasee e vinAza karyo pakaMtu emanuM sthAna khAlI rahyuM. dharma apanAvyuM te kharo parantu ghaNu thoDA enuM hArda | mogale mATe yogya to zeThavAI cUkayo. soLamI samajyA. ke emAM pUrI zraddhA dharAvI akabarane na dharma sadInA AraMbhamAM mogale AvyA emanI ragomAM sara jevA jhAjhuM Tako nahiM. parantu akabara ItihAsama dharma saMsthAemanA pUrvajonuM yuddhakhera lehI tarayuM ja lehI vahetuM paka ne dharma sahiSNu tarIke muka mazahura banI gayo jIvananA hatuM chatAM temaNe potAnA AkramaNane kaI navIna : keI Ara mamAM e custa musalamAna hatA paraMtu hindu prajAjane somya svarUpa ApyuM. emane saradAra hate bAbara eNe mAMthI eNe sAcA mitro prApta karyA yuddha vIra rajapUte enI dilhInA sulatAnane padabhraSTa karyo. pitAne bhAratanA zahenazAha paDakhe rahyA emAMnA ghaNu enA senAdhyakSa banyA eTaluM ja tarIke jAhera karyo paraMtu jarAka gaphalata thaI gaI. e sAre nahiM parantu vaphAdArIthIne kuzaLatA thI e nI sevA bajAvI eNe mANasa hate. sAre sasalamAna hate khullA dilano e AdamI ghaNI rajapUta rAjakumArIo joDe lagna karyA anta puramAM pune kAvyono zokhIna hato. saMgIta premI hatuM ane praveza karatAM emaNe nAmane ja muslIma dharma aMgIkAra karyo senApati hoI eNe bhArata kabaje karyuM parantu aNadhAryuM paraMtu ghaNI kharI to hindu dharma pALatI ja rahI e mATe enuM avasAna thayuM ne enA nirbala mUkhane aphINI putra emane kazuM ja sahana kara tuM paDayuM nahi. humAyune TuMka samayamAM ja sAmrAjyane moTo bhAga khAI nAkhyo. ghaNA baMDa karI svataMtra, rAjavIo banI beThA hUmAyune rajaputa senAdhyakSonI rAhabarI nIce akabare lazkaranI dilhI choDI bhAgavuM paDayuM siMdhamAM e dezavaTo bhegavI rahyo arvAcIna paddhatti dAkhala karI lazkarane rAjAne vaphAdAra banAvyuM hato tyAre IsvIsana 1542mAM enA putra akabarano janma ne rAjyanI tijorImAMthI ja emane pagAra sIdhe ApavA thayo pachI humAyune laDIne dilhI pharI kabaje karyuM tyAM e vyavasthA karI. sainyane sarada rone Azare mUkayuM nahi. kAraNa sIDI parathI lapasyo potAnA rAjamahAlayanA abhyAsa khaMDa ke saradAra lazkara nabhAvavAnAM nANAM bIjA kAryamAM veDaphI nAkhe mAMthI e nIce paTakAye ne avasAna pAme. ne lazkaranI upekSA kare. cauda varSane akabara bhAratane zahenazAha thayo. tyAre pahelA muslIma AkamaNa pachI islAmanI asara haMmezAM IglenDamAM mahArANI elIjhAbethanuM rAjya hatuM. gherI paDatI. manuSyanAM mAnasa ne haiyAM darathI khilAphata prati derAtAM have akabare prajAnAM dila e asaramAMthI mukta karavA prathama te rAjyakArabhAra akabaranA vAlI baherAmakhAne potAnA banatA prayAsa karyA prajA ene na dharma apanAvavA saMbhALe paranta sAmrAjyanA je vibhAgae baMDa karyA hatAM InkAra kare ne maslIma dharma pALavAne ja Agraha rAkhe te tenA pati baherAma khAna dAna besADavA vadhAre jamIne temano khalIka sAmrAjya che ja hAva ghaTe e akabarane asahitaNa jaNA eTale ekaja varSanA TUMkA gALAmAM zahena Agraha hataH dilahInA bhAratanA muralIma mATe akabara ja zAhe sAmrAjyanI dhUrA pate saMbhALI lIdhI. temano khalIpha ho. enuM lAMbu prasaMga pracura rAjya bhAratIya itihAsamAM agAunA muslImoe je jusAthI muslIma dharma bhAre mahatvanuM nIvaDayuM enA pitAmaha jevo e dharmAnta pravartAvyo hate eTalA ja srAthI have akabare dharma samanva to InkAra karIne sArA karyA prajA ene navo dhamAlA asahiSNa ja che ane dAna besADavA vadhAre Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 525 sthApavA prayAso AdaryA. eNe masajIdo bAMdhavA ne tabiyata kathaLatI gaI bhAre ulaTIo thatI ne peTamAM phUla makkAnI yAtrA para pratibaMdha mUkyo. ramajAnanA prAcIna upa- uDatAM pachI e sAjo thate jaNAyo rAjavaidyo e maraDAnuM vAsa karavAnI vAta paNa nakArI kADhI potAno sAce dharma darda pArakhyuM paraMtu pharIthI jyAre dardI upaDayuM tyAre maraDe, mUrtipUjA karatAM caDiyAta che ema mAnavAmAM muslImo haMmezAM na jaNAyo eka rAjavaidya kahyuM : "zahenazAhane dhImethI sAvagaurava letA jAheramAM pazuvadha karI hinduonI lAgaNI dubha- cetathI jANIbujhIne jhera ApavAmAM AvI rahyuM che. vatA paraMtu akabare e badhI vAta para paNa pratibaMdha mUkI okaTobaramAM akabaranuM avasAna thayuM. dIdho. mAMsakhAvAnI chUTa rahI paraMtu pazuhatyA chAnI chapanI ja karavI paDatI. enA avasAna pachI enA anuyAyIoe ghamanvatA dAkhavavA utAvaLa na karI hoya te paNa megala sAmrAjyanA akabaranI sahiSNutA pratyeka vastu mATe hatI. eNe pAyA DelI cUkyA hatA dhIme dhIme TUkaDA thatA gamA saMdhAtA potAnA vizALa sAmrAjyamAM navI navI zALAo bAMdhI. gayA. kaMdahAra IdAnane prAna banI gayo. sAhitya, kalAne bhASAne mizraNane uttejana ApyuM. te jAte abhaNa hatA chatAM eNe jagatabharanA vidvAnane AvakAryA se varSa pachI akabaranA vaMza ja auraMgajhebanA avaardhA vizvanuM sAhitya eNe pote kaMdastha karyuM. pite racelI sAna pachI megala sAmrAjyanuM astitva bhUMsAI gayuM. suMdara kavitA eNe utarAvI. Aje paNa enAM kAvyo. mahAna senAdhyakSane zANA ne saMskArI manuSya tarIke upalabdha che. maslIma citrakArone zi95kAree prAcIna hindu akabara haMmezA yAda raheze sahiSNutAnI bhAvanAthI eNe bhArakArIgIrIno abhyAsa karI temAM . lAbha uThAve evA teNe tIya itihAmAM ja nahi paraMtu bhAratIya vicAraNAne tatvajJAna AkaDa rAkhyA. AthI je navI kalpanA kalA utpana thaI te para pitAnI kAyamanI madA aMkita karI dIdhI. Ajeya mulka mazahUra che. vizvanI ane bI saMpatti che. pite jAte kazuM karI zakano nahote chatAM eNe iti hAsa lekhanane pretsAhana ApyuM hajAra varSanA hinduonA prAcIna sAmrAjyane bahu ja thoDe lekhIta itihAsa ApaNane sAMpaDe che DAka paurANika mahAkAvya che bAkI junAM citro 9 0 000000000000000000000000 ne mahAnagaranAM khaMDiyeromAMthI ApaNane kAMIka jANavA maLe che. paraMtu mogala jamAnAnA ne saLaMga lekhIta ItihAsa suprApya che. ravayaMpAda akabaranAM lakSyAMka umadA hatAM. bhAratIya muslImane svAzya-sAda paradezI musalImethI alaga pADI emane pUrA bhAratIya banA vavA e Agraha rAkhata. ethI enuM vizALa sAmrAjya akhaMDita rahe evI enI bhAvanA hatI paraMtu enI e mahatyAkAMkSA saphala na thaI enA prajAjanemAMnA moTA bhAganA muslImane enI dharma aMge DI Dakhala karI pasaMda paDI nahi. pitAnI mAnyatAo choDavA e taiyAra thayA nahi. baMDa uThAvavAnA tamAma prayAso te akabare kaDaka hAthe dAbI dIdhA paraMtu IslA vanaspati manI jayota e jalatI bujhAvI zakyo nahi. jevI rIte khristI dharma enA dhArmika damana yugamAM saMgaThita thayo che. tevI ja rIte na vadhAre dharmAntane kaDaka dallA re laTAratamAM paNa eka zreSTha pasaMdagI pitAno pagadaMDe jamAvyo che. pratyeka nAstika AMdolanane eNe sakhata sAmano karyo che. IsvIsana 1582mAM akabare IslAma dharmano tyAga karyo ne potAne na dharma sthApyo tyAre paNa baMDa thayAM hatA. chatAM. eNe pitAne dharma keinA porabaMdara-jagadIza utpAdana para lAdhyo nahato. IsvIsana 1605nA sapTembara mahinAmAM baLavA dAbI dIdhA pachI varSo bAda akabara bimAra paDyo. dhIme dhIme enI che;2000000000000000000000eeeeeeeee mATe arUNa ecocoooooCoocooceocessecececcoeeeeeeeeecceco ccccccccccccccccccceece:seco60@@desssececececosce(r)(r)(r)(r)(r) Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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56 mithilA nagarInA zeTha bhImaka emanA putra cArudatta bhAre avaLacaDA ! bhAre adharmanA rasiyA ! pitAe maratI vakhate eTaluM vacana mAgyuM ke: seA nArA karaje, paNa navakAra maMtrane na bhUlIza. durgatimAMthI e tane tAraze, ' jevA cArudatta evA ene mAmA ! mAmAe kahyuM : 'tAjA marelA bakarAnI khAlamAM ApaNe pesI jaie. bhAraDa pakSI ApaNane jAnavara samajI upADIne suvarNadvIpa lai jaze. hajArA sAgarane pAra e dvIpa che, ne senAne tyAM sumAra nathI.' cArudatta kahe : 'ApaNe te pILI mATInA peADiyA chIe.' mAmA bakarAne haNavA lAgyA tyAre cArudatta dayA AvI; ne mAratA bakarAne premathI navakAramaMtra saMbhALAvyo. A pachI baMne bhAraDa pakSInI cAMcamAM UMcakAi suvarNadvIpa pahoMcyA. cAdarutta tyAM pharavAharavA lAgyA. tyAM teNe eka munine joyA. temanI pAse jai ne beTho. e vakhate eka rUpALA divya kAMtivALA puruSa tyAM AvyA. teNe prathama cArudattane vaMdana karyuM, pachI muninuM vaMdana karyuM". mAmAe A avinayanu kAraNa pUchyuM. munirAje kahyuM : 'A devatA che. pUrva bhavamAM e bakarA hatA. cArudatte ene navakAramatra saMbhaLAvelA. enA rUDA pratApe deva thayA, mATe e upakArIne pahele! namyA.' upakArIne pahelA praNAma hIrAbhAi mA. paTela sekroTarI dhI prAMtija gRpa malTIparapajha sarvisa ke- sAsAyaTI lI. prAMtijI tA. prAMtija ( ji. sAbaraDAMThA ( gujarAta ) sthApanA tA.-3-5-46 rUA. 65,95,408 ,, 10,36,234 "" 2,18,853 80190 6,12,384 Jain Education Intemational eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga -2 rajI. naM. 926 vArSika Tarna ovara kAkAjanuM bhaMDoLa rIjha krUDa tathAanya kuMDa zera bhaMDoLa thApaNA bharatakumAra indrasenanI kuAM. mubaInA saujanyathI 22 maMDaLInA mULabhUta siddhAMtAH 1 kA kSetranA gAmeAmAM sevA sahakArI maMDaLInA mULabhUtA siddhAMta svIkArI pAyAnI pravRttio hAtha dharavI. 2 khetI utpanna vadhAravA lIphTa irIgezana ceAnAe TrekaTara ceAjanA, pap bhADA yAjanA, tathA presaronI sagavaDa jevA kAmakAja hAtha dharI kheDUtAne prAtsAhana ApavAmAM Ave che. 3 khetI utpannanA sArA bhAva maLe te mATe dUdha kendra, zAkabhAjI kendra, tathA khetI utpannanA bIjA mAletu maMDaLI mAraphte vecANu. 4 khetI jarUrIyAtanI tamAma cIjo jevI ke rasAyaNika khAtaro, bIyAraNa, jaMtunAzaka davAonuM vecANunu kAmakAja hAtha dharI kheDUtAne sagavaDa. 5 khetInA vikAsa mATe TUMkI mudata tathA madhyama mudata kaje dhIrANu karI dezanI kAyApalaTa karavAnI suvidhAe ubhI karavI. 6 sabhAsade| tathA bIna sabhAsada bhAIA pAsethI AchA byu.4nI thApaNA meLavI bacatanI bhAvanA keLavavI. cha khetI utpanna vadhAravAnA hetusara kheDUtanI Arthika saddharatA vadha.ravA aMge pravRtti dvArA ja thaI zake tevI samaja pedA karavI. tamAma prayatnA sahakArI 77 maganabhAi ma. paTela mukha

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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 smRti saMdarbha graMtha 127 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000trApaja vibhAga gALa khAMDasarI sahakArI maMDaLI lI. maNura. (taLAjA tAluke) ( bhAvanagara ji9le ) sthApanA tArIkha- 20-7-66 seMdhaNI naMbara zera bhaMDoLa 4pa00 sabhya saMkhyA 358 anAmata phaMDa 28539/pa0 kheDUta 318 anya phaMDa. 32523/03 bIna kheDUta 20 maMDaLI sabhya 19 maMDaLI kuDa oIla, khAtara, oIla eMjIne, biyAraNa, davAo, vigerenA vecANanI pravRti kare che. pramukha vya. ka. sabhya zrI manubhAI dave zrI bahAdurasiMha va. gohela aMbAzaMkarabhAI paMDayA menejIMga DIrekaTara becarabhAI phakIrAbhAI zrI jayavaMtasiMhajI jADejA vIrAbhAi jaTAbhAI chenAjAbhAI amarAbhAI menejara geviMdabhAI ha. paTela jerAmabhAI paTela >> mukundarAya je mahetA 90000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 =0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 2, na. 4077 TelIgrAma "grAmalakSmI dhI baDA sela ke-opareTIva benka lI. (sthApanA 1913) mukhya ophIsa : mahAtmA gAMdhI roDa, poSTa bokSa naM. 60 vaDodarA zrI prabhudAsa khuzAlabhAi paTela ( pramukha ) bharAyeluM zera bhaMDoLa rUA. 45,33,000 rIjharva ane bIjA phaMDa rUA. 114,21,000 thApaNe rUA. 863,55,000 kAmakAjanuM bhaMDoLa . 1984,64,000 (1)A benkamAM mukelI thApaNe dezanA kRSi utpAdanamAM vadhAro karavAnA, tenA rUpAMtara karavAnA tathA vecANa karavAnA tathA tene anusaMgIka mahattvanA kAryamAM madada karavAnuM kArya kare che. (2 benkIMgane lagatuM sarva prakAranuM kAmakAja karavAmAM Ave che, (3)thApaNa para AkarSaka vyAjanA dara ApavAmAM Ave che. (4)pAdarA, bAjavo ane vAgheDIyA zAkhAmAM sepha DIjhITa veTanI sagavaDa che. (5)A benkane sthAnIka svarAjyanI saMsthAo tathA cerITI TrasTanI thApaNe svIkAravA svikRti maLelI che. (6)zAkhAo - 1. karajaNa, 2. sAvalI, 3. beDelI, 4. pAdarA, 5. Dai, 6, zinara, 7. vAgheDIyA, 8. pAvIjetapura, 9. nasavADI. 10. choTAudepura, 11. saMkheDA, 12. bAjavA, 13. tilakavADa, 14, kavAMTa, 15, sAdhalI, 16. mAsaroDa, 17. samalAyA, 18. bhAdaravA, 19. Desara, 20. kAravaNa, 21. cAMde, 22. bahAdarapura, 23. caraMdA 24. jarada, 25. bhAraDa, 26. varaNAmAM, 27. maMDALA, 28, valaNa, (29)kAsI (30)tArapura vadhu mAhItI mATe rUbarU maLavuM. ci. gi. bhaTa menejara ' ka da kara0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0i000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jain Education Intemational

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[27] meija mutsu hITa IsvIsana 1912nA julAI mAsamAM TokIomAM eka emanuM avasAna thayuM tyAre jApAnamAM eka mahAyuga AthamI smazAna yAtrA nIkaLI rAtrIno samaya hato dipaka prakAzamAM gayo, zabavAhinI baLada gADAmAM AgaLa vadhatI hatI. briTIza musuhITo yA zahenazAha meIjIne saMskArI sarakAra zAhI naukAdaLanI eka TukaDI saraghasamAM sAmela hatI. sthApavA badala gaurava ApavA ApaNe varSo june ItihAsa je kSaNe A janAjAe rAjamahelanuM siMhadvAra choDayuM ukelavo paDaze IsvIsana pUrve 600 varSanI vAta javA daIe pitAnA mahAlayamAM beThelA janarala nagIne temanAM patnIe paratu IsvIsana bAramI sadInI vAta vIcArIe e sadImAM hArAkIrI karI. zahenazAhanI zakti pAtaLI paDI hatI. chatAM hajIe jApAnanA samrATa hatA bAda jApAnanA mahAna kuTuMboe rAjyadhUrA hAthamAM A ane virodhAbhAsI prasaMge eka bIjA sAthe laI lIdhI hatI. kuchavArA kuTuMba varSothI mahatvanuM sthAna khAsa sabaMdha dharAvatA junzInA prAcIna rivAja pramANe jApAnI bhogavI rahyuM hatuM A kuTuMba pitAnI kanyAo yuvAna zahena samrATanA bIlakula nikaTanA umarAva zahenazAhanA mRtyunI zAne varAvatuM ne temane putra thAya ke tarata ja zahenazAhane vAta sAMbhaLatA ja ApadhAta karatA. ane zahenazAha sAthe ja gAdI tyAga karavA pharaja pADatuM ne pote bAlarAjAne vAlI emanA aMtima saMskAra karavAmAM AvatA pariNAme palekamAM tarIke rAjyataMtranI lagAma hAthamAM laI letuM Ama kuchavArA paNa teo sAthe ja raheze evuM manAtuM seMkaDo varSothI jApa kuTuMbane vaDIla rAjyano sukAnI banate rAjya calAvavAnI namAM keI nAmacIna samrATa thayA na hatA eTale A rivAja kaDAkUTamAM paDavAnI tamAre zI jarUra che? A kuchavArA kuTupaNa lagabhaga bhUMsAI gayA hatA ne mAtra yuddhAonAM mATInAM banI zahenazAhane satata zIkhavaNI rahetI tame tamAre amArA putaLAM ja zahenazAha sAthe atima kriyA pAmatAM paranta kuTuMbanI kanyAnA pati tarIke moja karyA karo hesTIMgsanA taddana aNudhArIne AghAta janaka rIte kaI paNa prakAranAM yuddha pachInAM se varSanA gALAmAM kuchavArA kuTuMbe puSkaLa agAunI vicAraNu vinA janarala nagI e vizvane batAvI sattA bhegavI paraMtu pachI kuchavArA kuTuMba aMdara aMdaranA ApyuM ke jApAnane prAcIna rivAja hajIye mojuda hate saMgharSothI nirbala ba yuM ne vinAza vahoryo. zahenazAhanI smazAna yAtrAmAM sAmela thavAmAM e moDA paDayA hatAM. chatAM parelekamAM e samrATa sAthe ja haze e vAtamAM - Ama kuchavArA kuTuMbanA bhayaMkara jhaghaDAne kAraNe sattA kaI zaMkA nathI. vaLI trI na ja kuTuMbanA hAthamAM sarI gaI. tAmerA kuTuMbe rAjya taMtramAM pitAnuM varcasva sthApI dIdhuM paraMtu. isvIsana Ama avasAna pAmanAra vyakita jApAnanA eka 178panA naukA yuddhamAM lehI tarasyA dhamasANamAM enuM paNa bAvIsamAM samrATa muluhITa hatA. vIsa varSathI paNa nAnI vaye patana thayuM. mInA mATe kuTuMbane vijaya thaye mIne meTAnA e siMhAsanA rUDha thayA hatA. pistAlIsa varSa emaNe jApA Agamana sAthe kuTuMbomAM vahecAtI rAjyasattAnI prathAne aMta nanuM sukAna saMbhALyuM hatuM jApAnanA pahelA zahenazAha janma A nirbalatA preratA vAtAvaraNathI dUra thavA pATanagara paNa TenenA e sIdhA vArasa hatA. jApAne itihAsa pramANe khaseDI nAkhavAmAM AkITone badale have kAmAkarA jammue IsvIsana pUrve 660 varSa pahelAM temaNe jApAnI pATanagara banyuM. rAjataMtranI sthApanA karI hatI IsvIsana 1948mAM tenI Ama chatAMya hajI zahenazAha te alipta ja hatA. chavvIsamI jayaMtI mahotsava ujavavAmAM Avyo hato. parantu e kazuM karI zakatA naDi ne kadAca kAMIka khoTuM karI besatA chellAM sAta varSamAM mutyuhITa ekalA eja sAcA samrATa te emane kaI deSa devAmAM AvatuM nahi. tarIke jApAnanuM siMha sana bhAvyuM hatuM. - IjI siMhAsana para virAjya tyAM sudhI jApAnI jIvana zahenazAhanI hAramALAmAM ekAeka AvuM parivartana lazkaravAdane AdhIna rahyuM sAmurAI kavacadhArI vIra ye ddhAo AvyuM e prasaMge yuvAna muhITathI sAva nirAlA hatA. pragaTa thayA hArAkIrInI prathAe jora pakaDayu nirbala hAthamAMthI parantu jApAnane sadbhAgye musuphITo mahAna ne zANuM samrATa rAjyasattA laI levAmAM AvI ane bAku chAvaNI sarakArane banavA nirmAyelA hatA jApAnanA itihAsamAM emane sauthI suprata karavAmAM AvI evI sarakAranA vaDAne sAmurAInI ucca zreSTha lekhavAmAM Ave che IsvIsana 1912nA julAImAM jyAre kakSAnI padavI zautruna vijetA mahAna sanAdhyakSa bakSavAmAM AvI Jain Education Intenational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha AvA prathama mInA meTo gunathI isvIsana 1876mAM meijI evuM jApAnI kho turata samajI gayA ne perInI badhI ja mAgagAdInazIna thayA tyAM sudhI jApAnI samrATo saMpUrNa nirbala NIo svIkArI lIvI. baMdhAraNIya rAjavIo rahyA. paraMtu A nirNaya savanu mate laI zakAya. nahi. duSTa pachI palaTe zAthI Avyo? Akramaka lebhI bAhya jagata videzIone te baLa vAparI pAchA dhakelI devA joIe ema sAthe saMparka A saMparka prathama picaMgIjha khristI dharma hajIye ghaNuM mAnatA. eTale zagune paradezIonI vAta nibaMpracArake AvyA tyArathI AraMbha e maitrI saMbaMdha hatuM. latA dAkhavI svIkArI lIdhI tethI te rAta aNamAnIta thaI phrAnsIsa kajheviyara tethI ja pocuMgAla lakhI zakayA paradha- pa. ma."omAM jApAnI jevI jAti ApaNane kayAMya jovA maLaze nahiM paraMtu jevA valaMdA aMgrejone peniyADaeN AvyA ke paruM jotA te A zaguna zANe AdamI hato videzI temanA paraspara saMdhAnI zarUaAta thaI emaNe parasparanA virodha vaMToLane kayAsa kADhavAmAM sAco hate theDA samaya dharmone InkAra karyo eTale jApAnI umaMga osarI gayo mATe paNa jApAne e mAgaNIo svIkAryA vinA chUTake ja sarakAre badhAne dezavaTo devAne niradhAra karI lIdhe A nahote. dhamadha videzI saMpradAyathI chuTake meLavavavAne A ekaja paraMtu zaguna ne tenA salAhakAro virUddhane vaMToLa sIdhe ne sAdo upAya hate eTale sadImAM eka eka paradezIne jhaDapathI vadate gayo. eTale sudhI vAta AvI ke meIjInA jApAnane kinAre cheDavA pharaja paDI jApAna potAnI chIpa- pUrva ja zahenazAhe zegunanI sUcanAo uvekhI ne videzI lImAM chupAI gayuM bahAranI duniyA AvI ja hoya che e jahAjo para bombamAro karavAno Adeza Apyo. amAro temane khapatI nahotI. thaye pariNAme isvIsana 1864mAM ziyeskI baMdara para brITana kansa holenDane amerikAnAM naukA sainya bhayaMkara bomba paraMtu base varSa pachI IsvIsana 1853mAM yunAITeDa varSothI kapara javAba vALyo dezamAM AMtara vigraha phATI nIkasTeITasa opha amerikAne A ekalavAyI nIti kheMcI dariyA je. zopanI viruddha thavA lAgyA dezanA pazcima bhAgamAM vacce jahAje tUTI javAthI nirAdhAra banI gayelA amerikana rahetI zaktizALI jAtioe jaMgI baMDa pokAryuM. zaguna nAvikane Azraya paNa na maLe tyAre evI upekSAthI ame- paddhati bhUMsI nAkhavA hAIjhana ne TAsA jAtio kaTibaddha thaI rikA cheDAI 5 cuM. emaNe komeDora perIne cAra yuddha jahAje sAthe mokalyA. A cAre jahAje ati vizALa hatAM enA A kanekaTI nI paLe dIrdhadaSTivALe eka aMgreja sara para zastra saraMjAma paNa adhatana hatA. vaLI emanAM be te henarI pokarsa rAka laka para upasthita thaye e anubhavI varALa yaMtrathI cAlatAM jApAnIoe te AvAM jahAja kadI mANasa hate cInAoe ene pakaDI enA para julama gujAryo ke jayAM naho perIe dhIrajathI paNa makakamatAthI potAnI hatA eNe brITIza maMtrInI hesiyatathI nirNaya lIdho eNe sarakAranI mAgaNIo raju karI amerikana vyApAra mATe vadhAre pazcimanI jAtione Teko Ape. brITIza sarakAra bAkukunA nahi te ekAda baMdara khullu rAkhavA mAgaNI karI jApAnI virodhIonI paDakhe che evuM jAhera karyuM. have chAvaNa sarakinArA para kolasA pUrava ma ko ubhA karavA devA paravAnagI kAranA divaso bharAI cUkyA che. zahena zAhe sAmrAjyanI sattA mAgI ane vahANa tUTavAthI nirAdhAra banelA nAvikane Azraya hastagata karavI joIe evI pAkase ghoSaNA karI. pAkarsa ApavA jaNAvyuM pachI eNe namUnAnuM eka relve ejanane zANone mutsaddI hate eNe pazcimanI jAtinee A nIti TelIgrAphanuM yaMtra batAvyuM vicArI javAba ApavA eka mahi. akhatyAra karavA prerI. nAnI mudata ApI te vidAya thayo. Ama prajAnI akaLAmaNane pAro uMce caDI rahyo hate. tyAM yuvAna zagunanuM avasAna thayuM. eka prauDha bAlIne nA jApAnIoe pazcimanI vAta sAMbhaLI bhAre AghAta ' chUTake zaguna banAva paDaye eka varSa pachI zahenazAha anubhavyo. pazcimanI pragatithI emanA pitAnA ja rAjavI kemeInuM paNa avasAna thayuM. enI pAchaLa ene paMdara varSano oe emane sAva ajJAna rAkhyA hatA. te vAtathI temane putra mutsuhIra gAdIe Avyo ne turata ja zaguna saMsthAe khUba roSa caDhaye pariNAme pazcimanI Dhabe temaNe bhUmisenA badhI ja satAo zAhI sarakArane suprata karI dIdhI laDAlaDIne ne jalasenAne pitAne AvaDe tevI nakala karI taiyAra karavA aMdhAdhuMdhI pravartatI paraMtu IsvIsana 1869mAM zAnti sthamAMDI paDayA. pAIne yuvAna zahenazAha dezanuM ajANyA rAjyataMtra saMbhALavA perInI vidAya pachI eka raziyana jahAja evI ja ' zakitamAna thayo. darakhAsto laI jApAna AvyuM AvI be sattAo eka thaI eNe makkama hAthe kAma levA mAMDayuM prajAjanee ene jAya te jApAnane duniyAyAmAM ubhA rahevAnI taka paNa na maLe sahadaya Teke A nAnAM nAnAM rAjyone bhAre asara pahoM Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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530 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 pahoMcavAnI hatI te paNa zahenazAhanI paDakhe rahyA. pazcimanA potAnI prajAne rAjyabaMdhAraNa bapharyuM che e vAta temaNe spaSTa je cAra amIre zahenazAhane yathAsthAne sthApita karavAmAM karI. koI dabANa nIce A ghoSaNA karavAmAM AvI nathI ema kAraNabhUta hatA temaNe zahenazAhane eka addabhUta Avedana sApha zabdomAM jaNAvI dIdhI. "anantakALa sudhI abhaMga patra suprata karyo zahenazAnI paDakhe na hoya e sAmrAjya rIte rAmrATonI hAramALA jApAnI prajA para rAjaya karaze ne bharamAM eka paNa jIvanathI e kei nAgarika nathI je hakumata calAvaze." e vAta baMdhAraNamAM spaSTa karavAmAM AvI samrATane vaphAdAra prajAjana na hoya madhya yugamAM zAhI sattAnuM ane e paNa e hakIkata khuzIthI vadhAvI lIdhI. kharuM patana thayu hatuM. lazkarI vaga ubhuM thavA pAmyo hato eNe puche che meIjIne hastaka aDhaLaka sattA hatI. keIpaNa baMdhAsamagra jIvana pacAvI pADI aMdara aMdara vahecI lIdhI hatI. raNIya rAjavI karatAM emanA adhikAra vadhAre hatA. e jAte pitAnI zakitanA jora para ATalA divasa jhajhUmI rahyA hatA kAyadAo ghaDavA zaktimAna hatA. pachI e rAjya sabhAnI parantu have zAhI sattA punaHsthApita thaI eTale temane lAgyuM beThakamAM rajU karavAmAM AvatA rAjyasabhAne te raDha karavAnI ApaNe samrATanI jamInano kabajo have kema rAkhI zakIe ? paNa sattA hatI. emanA prajAjane para kevI rIte rAjya karIe? mATe ame badhA Adara pUrvaka amArI akyAmata samrATane suprata karIe have jApAnI udyogamAM paNa jhaDapathI kAnti AvavA chIe. samagra sAmrAjyamAM eka sarakhuM rAjaya cAle evuM ame lAgI. samrATa maiIjInA 9 ba rAjyakALanA pAchalA bhAgamAM IcchIe chIe. A rIte ja ApaNo deza anya rASTrAnI bilADInA Topa peThe kArakhAnAM kuTI nIkaLyAM; IsvIsana 18holamAM ubhe rahI zakaze. pa3mAM je jahAjoe jApAnane diga karI AghAta pahoMcADe hate te temaNe pazcimanI duniyAmAMthI kharIdI lIdhAM ne jApAnI ane yuvAna samrATe prajAne A paDakAra jhIlI lIdhe. gedIomAM jhaDapathI evA jahAjo baMdhAvA mAMDyAM jApAnane have jApAnanA dareka zaheramAMthI dareka prakAranA dhaMdhAmAM prati- cIna vaccenA mahatvanA AgaTa vyavahAra para atyAra sudhI nidhi maMDaLe laMDana perIsa nyuyeka ne anya vizvakendromAM paradeDo one IjA hatA paraMtu have sarakArI TekAnI navI ghUmatAM thaI gayAM. jApAnamAM gayelA videzIo karatAM anekhI "jApAna meIla lAIna" zarU thaI pazcimanI DhabanI bhUmisabhyatA dAkhavI rahyAM. eka pratinidhi maMDaLa keDara perIe senAne ne jalasenA paNa UbhI karavAmAM AvI. lAdelI zaratemAM sudhArA vadhArA karAvavAnA ekalA AzayathI ravAnA thayuM. pazcimanA cUsaNakharee hakumatane halakI jakA- Ama gajabanI bhautika prApti chatAM ane kadAca tenA tanA aneka lAbhe prApta karyA hatA temAM sudhArAne bhAre pariNAme jApAnI prajAne potAne paradezIone bakSAyelA avakAza hate. paraMtu A pratinidhi maMDaLane saphaLatA na maLI adhikAro khUMcavA lAgyA. jApAnane saMskArI rASTra gaNavAmAM eTale e samAcAra maLatAM ja zahenazAhe pitAnA dezane AvatuM nahotuM evuM temane lAgavA mAMDyuM. paradezIo pitAne arvAcIna kakSAe mUkI majabUta banAvavAne vega bamaNe karI maLI cUkelI chUTachATo jatI karavA lezamAtra taiyAra na hatA. dIdhe "bhaviSyamAM jApAna potAnA paga para ja ubhuM raheze tyAM koriyAnA prazna para jApAnane cIna vacce yuddha phATI nIkaLyuM. ne tamAma AkramaNone sAmane karaze' samrATano daDha nira- jApAne jhaDapIne Azcarya janaka vijaya meLavyuM eTale paradedhAra hato. zomAM jApAna viSe abhiprAya badalAyo IsvIsana 1894mAM jApAna ne brITana vacce navA kelakarAra thayA. bIjA dezo sAthe gAme gAma relve vyavahArathI joDAI gayuM. vizALa paNa kalaMkarAre paNa thayA eTale brITanane IjAro tUTI gaye. DakAo ubhA thayA. UMDA pANImAM viharatAM jahAjone sevA paraMtu cInanA yuddha pachI jApAnamAM pazcima aMge ghaNI ApavA suvidhA kara I chApAnAM tAra ophIse benke pravAsI jApAnIoe jagatamAM je kaMI joyuM yA jANyuM te badhuM ja kaDavAza ubhI thaI. phrAnsa raziyAne jarmanI tripuTIe kola karAramAM khaMDane je pradeza jApAne jItI lIdho hato tene jApAnamAM sthAna pAmyuM zahenazAhune preraNAtmaka pretsAhaka kabaje jApAnane rAkhavA dIdhuM nahi mAtra phormosA ja enA sAthe dareka vAtamAM maLato rahyo. rAjakIya pakSenuM rAjakAraNa kabajAmAM rahyuM. jApAnI rAjya sabhAne jApAnI vartamAna dAkhala karavAmAM AvyuM navA sattAdhIza banelA samrATane kadAca patramAM khUba pheSa ThAlavavAmAM AvyuM. 'jApAna cIna jItI potAnI A pAzcAtya DhabanuM rAjyataMtra potAnA deza mATe zreSTha te ema mane khAtarI thaI gaI hatI. IsvIsana 18 lIdhuM hatuM : eNe AgaLa vadhavuM ja joIe. pitAnA adhi kAro mATe jagata jItI levuM joIe.' 85mAM emaNe vaDApradhAnanI AgevAnI nIce pradhAna maMDaLa : kebIneTa : padvatti rAjyataMtramAM dAkhala karI lekhI baMdhAraNa - samrATa meIjIe pite A AMdolana upADayuM hatuM. taiyAra karAvyuM paraMtu meIjIe rASTrIya takatA parathI khasI parata e sArI rIte parantu e sArI rIte jANatA hatA ke jApAna jo ke pazcimI javA kadI vicAyuM nahotuM zahenazAhe potAnI svecchAe chAe sattA viruddha jaMgamAM utaravAnI mUrkhAmI kare te mahAparaNe Jain Education Intemational

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smRti sa`da pratha teNe je racanA karI hatI te sadhaLI vinAza abhyAsa pachI pazcima aMge temaNe A nidAna ne e khIlakula sAcA hatA. navA varSa pachI isvIsana 1904 mAM jyAre raziyAnAM AkramaNA sahuna zIlatAnI maryAdA eLagI gayAM tyAre vadhAre majabUta banelA jApAna rASTre yuddha jAhera karyu" ne camakAvI mUke eve nirNAyaka vijaya meLavyeA. pachI ghaNAM varSo pachI yuddha jAhera karatAM pahelAM jApAne pala baMdaramAM tarakhATa macAvyeA. paraMtu isvI sana 1904 mAM anya rASTrAmAM jhAjho roSa thAyA na hatA. laMDana TAImse lakhyu hatu. 'jApAnI naukAsainye sAhasa karI jaMga mAMDayA che: have e naukA itihAsamAM nAma kADhaze.' Grams AUTHORITY Bombay. pAme. DA tAravyuM hatuM. Ama chevaTe jApAna vizvanA prathama zreNInAM rASTrAnI haeNrelamAM mUkAI gayuM chatAM A viyethI paNa enA dilane cena nahAtuM. tejasvI vinamra khaTakA manuSyeA yurapane Sales Office : 251, Argyle Rond, Carnac Buter, BOMBAY-9. Phone : 321795. Jain Education Intemational pa kAmAM ghUmatA ja rahyA. zAntithI ne cAkasAIthI teo je zvetAne sAMbhaLatAe noMdhatA ja gayA ne samrATa emane agAu jeTaluM ja prAtsAhana ApatA rahyA. meijIe jAte paNa duniyAM bharanA pravAsa kheDayeA. zikSaNa, vijJAnane udyogAmAM vadhAre sudhArAne vadhArA vistAra sAdhavAnI saMkhyAba`dha ceAjanA o sAthe lAvatA rahyA. ghaNAne mana jApAnanA A suvaNuM yuga hatA. eTale IsvIsana 1912 mAM jyAre samrATa meijInu avasAna thayuM tyAre rAja rAja pragati sAdhatI. pragatinI prakriyAmAM te koI aMtarAya naDayA niha paraMtu samagra jApAna zekanI DIgartAmAM dhakelAI gayu. aMdara aMdara jhaghaDatAM pUnA eka rAjyane e daivI zaktie peAtAnA hAthamAM lIdhuM ne ene nUtana suMdara vizvanI jhAMkhI karAvI: pIstAlIsa varSa pachI ene vizvanuM ameri-AdaraNIya rASTra banAvIne ja vidAya lIdhI. ETSD : 1931 Chunilal B. Mehta FACTORY : Hollow-Ware Shed, Kamani Engincering Compound. Agra Road, Kurla North, EOMBAV-70 Phone : 555657. Phone : 4 7 2 8 0 3 ( Residense ) Main Office : 216, Loha Bhavan, P. D*Mello Road, BOMBAY-9. Phone : 321572.

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12 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga Ihone No. 333326 Phones : Office : 324559 329265 Resi : 474302 Talakchand J. Parekh & Co. Mohanlal & Co. Plumbers of Reute Cooooo000-0000000000000-000000000000000000000-CCOOOOO SHIPPING & CLEARINC AGENT Sanitary Engineers Gaumukh Bhuvan, 2nd Floor, Opp. Masjid Station, BOMB Y-9. 54-55, Ist Carpenter Street BOMBAY-4. DOO000000000000OOD 000000000000.0COCOOO0000 D. Parkeria & Co. Private Ltd. COAL MERCHANTS & COLLIERY AGENTS Regd. Office : Post Box Ne. 30 138, Canning Street, P. O. JHARIA CALCUTTA-1. (DHA VBAD) Distributors : Branches : Telegra, bic Add. Caltex (India) Ltd. Calcutta Bombay, Ahmedabad, Nagpur, : 'PARKERIA' Jn. 'COLDILER' Cal. ( LUBRICANTS) Allahabad & Luckaw. Telephone Jharia 6197 lephone Dhanbad Res. 3269 Jain Education Intemational

Page #538
[28] culAlAMgakena mAre saDasaDa saMtAna che' nAmadAra belyA tame caudamI sadI pachI ItihAsa spaSTa thatuM jAya che cauda emane tAlIma Apa mArI jeTalI patnIo aMgrejI zikhavA mane aDhAramI sadI vacce itihAsa lakhAya che. "ayuthiyAnI cAhe tene aMgrejI zikhavADo vaLI mAre patravyavahAra paNa gAthA" ghaNI mAhitI pUrI pADe che ne sattaramI sadI pachI bahALe che temAM mane madada karo kreca patra vAMcatA ne tenuM te yurapIana dharma pracArake Avyo ne temaNe je joyuM tenI rUpAMtara karatAM mane bahuja muzkelI naDe che phrenca viSAdabhayA temaNe lAMbI lAMbI ne karelI che siyAmI lakro gaurava chetarAmaNA bela vAparavAmAM rAce che 1me e kArya mAthe le zALI sohAmaNAne svamAnazIla che Azcarya pamADe evI ane emanAM kaTAkSabharyA vAkaye ne viSAda bharyA chetarAmaNa suMdara phaklapa jamIna che. prAcIna kALathI svataMtra rAjavIo bela mArI AgaLa spaSTa kare. uparAMta dara TapAlamAM mArA enI rAjyavrurA saMbhALatA AvyA che atyAre siyAmI rAjya para paradezathI patre Ave che enA akSare mane sahelAIthI kartAo kevaLa baMdhAraNIya rAjavIe ja che chatAM pAyAnI ukalatA nathI. huM sahelAIthI vAMcI zakuM te mATe e badhAMtI hakIkatamAM kazo ja pharaka paDyo nathI ke AnaMdIne mAyALu mane suMdara akSaramAM nakala karI Ape. che sahAmaNuM che emane je joIe te badhuM emanA dezamAM ja dA thA che A davA pazu khuzanumA ne vividha prakAranI AnA lIonevensa ogaNIsamI sadInA madhyakAlamAM che ema mukhya pAka cakhA che siyAma cokhAnI nikAsa siyAma gaI tyAMnA rAjAe potAnAM santAnanI tAlIma upADI paNa kare che. paraMtu siyAmanuM ImAratI lAkaDuM vizvabharamAM le evI eka aMgreja mahilA mokalI ApavA lakhyuM hatuM. vakhaNAya che. tenI pedAza paNa koI paNa deza karatAM vipUla mejara lIonevena e arasAmAM ja avasAna pAmyA hatA che. mukhya va. nI thAIlenI che paNa lAo cIna malAyA eTale enI yuvAna vidhavAe A darakhAsta svIkArI lIdhI. kaMboDiyAne brahmadeza AdinA vatanIo paNa siyAmamAM AvI e rAjyamAM ene zuM zuM vItyuM ene evAla ghaNe vasyA che. ja rasika che "rAjA ne hu" nAmaka enuM calacitra khyAtanAma paraMtu siyAmanuM zANapaNa ne mAnavatA moTe bhAge banyuM che parantu kharekhara zuM banyuM e jANavA mATe to tenA rAjavIo khAsa karIne cUlAlAMgakena rAjArAma pAMcamAne ApaNe AnA e pote lakhelI vAta ja vAMcavI paDaze sIAmI AbhArI che. darabAramAM aMgreja zikSikA ene nekarI ApanAra eziyana rAjavIno keTalAka khyAla uparanA avataraNu parathI Avaze. emanA pitAe AnA zrImatI lIone venane nekaenuM nA be mahA mAMgaphaTa sIAmI itihAsakAro ene rAma rImAM rAkhI hatI. e bahu ja kuzaLa rAjavI hatA. emaNe cAro kahe che. potAnA dezane sudhAravA ghaNu kAryo karyo che. emaNe narenI yejanA karI rAjamArgo badhAvyA. jahAje banAvyAM ne mudraNa mahAmaMgakuTane putra culA laga kena zrImatI lIone kalA dAkhala karI yuddha prati bIlakula lakSa na ApanArane venA pAsethI eNe jJAna vicAre ne atima khyAle prApta karyA zAtinI kalAo vikasAvanAra e rAjavIe brahmadeza ne rAma pAMcamAM tarIke e siMhAsanA rUDha thayA tyAre e vicAree kaDiyA para ekakepa AkramaNa karyuM nathI. A rAmarAjA enA lAMbA ne khyAtanAma 'jyakALa daramiAna deza para bhAre te aihika pradezo karatAM dUra dUra najara nAkhatA. tArA ne chAyA prasArI culAlega kena nAme e muka mazahura banyuM. khagoLa zAstranA e eTalA badhA rasiyA hatA ke e dhUne ja emane jA1 lIdhe. IsvIsana 1868mAM eka grahaNa jovAmAM siyAma hindI cIna dvipaka95nuM eka gaurava zALI e paDyA hatA. tyAre emane zaradI lAgI gaI ne ceDA ja svataMtra rAjya che. e thAIlenDa paNa kahevAya che. IsvIsana samayamAM emanuM avasAna thayuM. paMdara varSanA culAlegakena caudamI sadI pahelAM e pradezane ItihAsa ApaNane bahu rAjArAma pAMcamAM tarIke gAdInazIna thayA. jANItA nathI. prAcIna kALamAM siyAmamAM prAcIna AdivAsIo rahetA hatA pachI dhIme dhIme paDozanA kaDiyAmAMthI vadhAre rAjakuTuMbamAM keLavaNInI praNAlikAe evAM te kAThAM sudharelA leke tyAM vasavA AvyA ne bhAratathI Avele dharmane mULa nAkhyA hatAM, ke deza pAMca varSa sudhI vAlInA niyaMtraNa rivAje sAthe letA AvyA. Ama paradezIo AvatA ja rahyA nIce rahyo ne yuvAna rAjavIe AnAe zarU karela abhyAsane emAMthI thAI jAti vikAsa pAmI. krama pUro karyo bhArata ne Daca isTa inDijhanA TApuonA rAjya Jain Education Intemational

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514 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 rAjya taMtranA prakArane jAta anubhava lIdhe. siyAmI pradeza. emanA abhyAsakALa daramiyAna emaNe vAraMvAra uDI mAMthI bahAra paga mUkanAra e pahelA ja siyAmI rAjavI hatA. vicAraNA karI haze. eTale rAjyasana para virAjatAM tukta culAleMgakenane janma IsvIsana 1853mAM mahArANInAM ja emaNe sudhArAnI hAramALA AraMbhI emaNe gulAmI prathA e sauthI moTA putra AnA jyAre ke e tavI ApavA rada karI bhraSTAcAra vihoNuM kartavyazIla adAlate sthApI. mahe. AvI e yuvarAja pade niyukta thayelA ja hatA. tyAre emanI sula paddhattimAM mahatvanA pheraphAra karyA. saMkhyAbaMdha zALAo vaya mAtra nava varSanI ja hatI. "bahu uMcA nahi bahu nIcA bAka nI bAMdhI. enA pitAe nahera bAMdhavAno kevaLa AraMbha ja nahi evA sehAmaNA kizora ghATIluM ne kasAyeluM zarIra ke kI karyo hato tyAre culAlegane relveo paNa bAMdhI nAkhI. bhInuM vAna, mAyALune snehALa, vidyA meLavavA Atura "jema paraMtu badhA sajajana rAjavIo peThe ene paMtha paNa vALIe tema vaLe evA " gulAmI prathAthI e paricita hatA. paraMtu e gulAmI prathA ItihAsamAM aMkAI che. evI hINI kaTakA hato. sarakArI bhraSTAcAra ne lIdhe je zrImate ne aNagamatI nahotI. emano khAsa mitra eka gulAma hatuM vadhAre zrImaMta banyA hatA. temane svAbhAvika rIte ja bhraSTArAjamahelamAM rAjakumAra sAthe e ramata ramata eka kuTuMbI cAra nAbudInAM pagalAM pasaMda na paDyAM. vaLI kAnsane e dvipakalapamAM sAmrAjya jamAvavAnI lAlasA jAgI tethI culAjana ja lekhAte. emaNe khaMtathI abhyAsa karyo. emanA lagananI cintAo vadhI. potAnI prajAnA kapANa mATe pitAne na AvaDyuM. evuM suMdara aMgrejI bolatA zIkhyA. je samaya gALe. have e meTo samaya emAM vyartha go brITIza lekanI bhASA vicAra ne itihAsanuM saMpUrNa jJAna : ethI enuM dila khoTuM thaI gayuM taMga paristhiti sAva lehimeLa0 yuM. paraMtu vaya vadhatAM emanA dilamAM zaMkAo jAgavA yALa banI ogaNIsamI sadInI namUnedAra mutsaddIgIrIthI lAgI. "huM garIba hou te kevuM sAruM? mane jAte raLIne phee naukAsainya goThavyuM. parANe hInane anyAyI kelakarAra khAvAnuM game' e temanI zikSikAne kahetA" mane rAjA thavuM mAthe ThokI besADyA. pariNAme agni siyAmane cheDeka pradeza nathI gamatuM" garIba mANasane nirvAha mATe sakhata majUrI karavI paDe che e vAta sAcI paraMtu e svataMtra hoya che. paNa kaeNe ghaNAM varaso sudhI kabaje rAkhe, cheka IsvIsana ene khAvAnuM ke meLavavAnuM eka ja hoya che. rejIde kherAka 1896mAM brIMTana vacce paDavuM brITanane pitAnA sAmrAjya para pRthvI AkAza tArA puSpane bAlaka vagere sarvamAM vyApaka pheMcanI kAravAInI gherI asara paDaze e bhaya lAgyo. Izvarane pAmI e sarvasva pAmI zake che. huM anantane eka pariNAme siyAmanI svataMtratA jALavavA briTanane phrAnsa vacce aMza chuM. eTale huM mahAna chuM e vAta huM samajuM chuM. karAra thayA. paraMtu e eka ja vAta che. huM je jouM chuM e sarvasva mAruM Ama videzanIti thALe paDyA pachI je bAhya jagata che. te huM e sarvamAM sacarAcara vyApI gayo chuM. huM garIba sAthe ene parANe saMgharSamAM utaravuM paDyuM hatuM. tene sAta houM te mane keTale saMtoSa ne sukha prApta thAya." mahinAne sulAleMgakene pravAsa kheDe. emaNe yurapanI mulAtyAre e daza varSanA hatA. kAta lIdhI. phrAnsamAM emanuM bhAre sanmAna karavAmAM AvyuM tyAre culAloMgakena garIba hovAnI zakayatA ghaNI pitAnA dezane lAbhadAyI thAya evI tamAma janAo emaNe ochI hatI. paraMtu ene kesarI vAghA paherAvI rAjyanA maThamAM dilamAM utArI lIdhI ne nukazAna kartA badhI ja vAto saMbhALa maMtroccAra zIkhavA dAkhala karavAmAM Avyo. pUrvaka phagAvI dIdhI. pAchA pharI emaNe kAryakSama tAlIma kendro sthApyA sArA davAkhAnAM cAlu karyA paraMtu vizvamAM anya siyAmI rAjakumAra peThe e cha mahinA zAhI pitAnA dezanuM zuM sthAna che. e hakIkata bIlakula emanA maThamAM rahyA. jyAre emaNe maTha che tyAre emanA bhAI dhyAna bahAra nahotI. e emane eTale badhe bhAvabhIne bahena sAthe abhyAsa karavA mATe e ghaNuM meTA gaNAvA lAgyA AvakAra Apyo hato ke tenuM rahasya e vicArI rahyA eziyA have emane pukhta uMmaranA puruSa lekhavAmAM AvI. emane emanA prati kevI najara rAkhatuM ene kayAsa kADhaye pariNAme 6 nivAsa sthAna ApavAmAM AvyuM. tyAM AnI pAse emaNe jhapATAbaMdha emaNe arvAcIna bhUmisenAne jalasenA taiyAra karI vadhu abhyAsa karavA mAMDayA. abhyAsanA chellA gALA daramiyAna e vahAlasoyA vicAra zIla yuvAna banI rahyA. ane AvA bhAvi pratikAranA majabUta sAmano karavAnA yuvAna rAjavIe hAthamAM kAgaLa pensIla laI ezi. deha niradhArathI ne UMDI musaddI gIrIthI emaNe pitAnA agAyAnAM pATanagare pravAsa kheDaye. ema emano vidyArthIkALa unA zatru krAsane mitra banAvI dIdhuM. pUro thayo. emaNe calaNanI gUMcavaNabharI paddhatine badale sarala IsvIsana 1873mAM vIsa varSanI vaye emaNe pitAnA paddhati apanAvI. agAu prAMte prAMtamAM alaga paddhatio rAjyanuM sukAna saMbhALI lIdhuM. hatI. te saune have eka dhArI banAvI. arvAcIna tAra para Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 54pa khAtuM dAkhala karI e barAbara kAma kare te mATe jAte dekha- vAlI samiti vikherI nAkhIne pite mukhyamaMtrI banyA IsvIrekha rAkhI. sana 1951mAM bIjI kAnti thaI emAM paNa sekjhAmanuM bala vadhyuM. jyAre rAjA AdaraNIya chatAM sattA viheNuM baMdhAraNIya pitAnA sudhAraka vicAra pAchaLa pAzcAtya saMskRtinuM rAjavI banI rahyA. pIThabaLa hatuM e vinamra bhAve svIkArI laI potAnA putrone IgleMnDa tAlIma levA mokalyA. purAnata kAlathI thAIlenDa pazcimanI asara nIce AvatuM ja rahyuM che. ogaNIsamI sadInA antamAM culA leMgakene mahArAjA rAma pAMcamAnI lAMbI kArakIdI daramiyAna 1 e valaNane vadhAre jhoka Ape. pazcimane AbhAra mAna calAlAMga kene karelA sudhArAnI yAdI ananta che. e vAMcatAya ja rahyo. kaMTALo Ave eTalI lAMbI che. Arogyane gaTara janA emanI kalpanAmAM besatI nahotI. vidyutazakitano prasAra paNa parantu siyAmanI prajA te culA lAMga kArnanI kRtajJI emanA dilane jaDato na to paraMtu A badhI vastuo tAkI raheze ja e virala mutsadI purUSe potAnA dezane gulAmIne danIne Avazyaka hatI. eTale calAlega kene badhI ja apa- ajJAnathI mukita apAvI ane agni eziyAmAM ene rAja nAvI siyAmamAM koI vAtanI kamInA na rahI kiya sAmAjIka ne vaijJAnika pragati sAdhI ApI. isvIsana 1910mAM culAlaga kernanuM avasAna thayuM. ekalA siyAmamAM ja nahi paNa anyatra paNa UMDI zekachAyA prasarI gaI. culAleMgakene betAlIsa varSanA lAMbA gALA sudhI rAjya karyuM chatAM mRtyu pAmyA tyAre emanI vaya kevaLa sattAvana varSanI ja hatI prajAnA kalyANuM mATenI avirata jhaMkhanAne parizrame ja emano antakALa vahele Aye. emanA pachI emane putra vajIravudha gAdIe Avyo. siyAmI praNAlikA mujaba e rAjA rAma chaThA kahevAyA emaNe paMdara varSa rAjya karyuM emanA avasAna pachI emanA bhAI prAdhipeka saranazIna thayA isvIsana 1932nA juna mahinAmAM zubhecchA pAThave bIna lehIyALa krAnita thaI dezanI udAra paNa saramukhatyAra rAjAzAhIne anna Avyo IMglenDanA jevuM baMdhAraNiya rAjya taMtra goThavAyuM. Office : 25 calA lega kona biTanane siyAma vacce bAMdhele lAMbe Phone 6 Resi : 45 maitrI sabaMdha bIjA vizva yuddha vakhate tUTe. IsvIsana 1940mAM banne dezo vacce bina Akamaka karAra thayA pachI te pachInA varSe jyAre jApAne malAyA para AkramaNa karyuM tyAre siyAma jApAnI lazkarathI cAre bAjue gherAI gayuM. ne te parANe biTana sAme yuddha jAhera karavAnI pharaja paDI isvIsana bheMsa tathA gAyanuM khAtrIlAyaka zuddha ghI amAre tyAMthI maLaze. 194ramAM biTanane amerikA sAme siyAme yuddha jAhera karyuM. ne jApAnane bahmadezane bhArata para AkramaNa karavA mAge khule karI Ape. yuddha daramiyAna mitra rAjyoe siyAmanA pATanagara keka para bomba mAre karyo paraMtu saMdhi thatAM ja biTanane | zAha pItAMbaradAsa jhaveracaMda ghIvALA bhAratane siyAmane rASTrasaMghamAM praveza ApavAnI vAtane anu (maracanTa enDa kamIzana ejanTa) medana ApyuM. coTIlA (gu.rAta) atyAranA rAjavIno janma IsvIsana 1928mAM thaye hato. jyAre gAdI pati thayA tyAre e sagIra hatA paraMtu Tuka samayamAM ja siyAmanA lekhaMDI purUSa pibula sennAme Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 oooooooooooooooooo0000000.Coooooooooooooo0000000-0000000000ocooo0000000oCo.00-09.00 With Best Compliment From Telegrams : NIPDIP With Best Compliments From : Phone: 372311 372826 371541 375466 Suyog Commercial Corporation OOSGO0000000-00000000000-00000000OOSecocOOOOOOOOOOOO The New India Rayon Mills Pvt. Ltd. Freight Brokers Transport Contractors Dealers in Hardware Ball Bearing and Ship Stores. 3rd Floor, Bhagwan Bhuwan, 196, Samuel Street, EOMBAV-9 (BR) Mathuradas Mill Compound, Lower Parel, BOMBAY-13. 2048QQQQQQQQQQc0coc*G 7000000-0000000000000000000000-0000000000-000cccccccccccccccccOCOS OCCCococoOSCOCOCOOC CocoDc0000000ococcecoccoco0900900039e9o0909.90secco* convecececocccccccccccccccccceeecocecoocococceocceene ant! Telephone No.: 317780 LAST WORD IN FASHION FABRICS ASHOK ALWAYS LOOK FOR THE NA JE "VEMBRO" SAREES BROCADES VELVET EMBROIDERIES SUITINGS SHIRTINOS VADILAL EMBROIDRRY FABRICS SPECIALISTS IN VARIETIES LATEST MULTI-PURPOSE AND MULTI-COLOURED DESIGNS OF COTTON SILK, NYLONE GEORGETTE, STAIN LATEST DESIGNS IN COTTON AND SILK FABRICS MANUFACTURED ON "SAURER" MACHINE OF SWITZERLAND. vailable at: Ashok Silk Mills RETAIL SHOP 406, Lalsing Bldg, Near Crawford Market, Sheikh Memon Street, BOMBAY-2. 0000000 000.COOO00000000C-0000000000Co0.0000CCOCCOD00000-0000000000000000000000000.com Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha pa37 zubhecchA pAThave che zubhecchA pAThave che AMbalA vi. kA. se. saha. maMDaLI lI. AMbalA amaragaDha vi. kA. se. saha. maMDaLI lI. amaragaDha karanArA mAmA: kAma rajI. naM. 116 tA. 23-1-37 rajI. naM. 121 sabhya saMkhyA 9 sabhya saMkhyA 193 tArIkha 22-5-37 dhIrANa 92883 dhIrANa rU. 167616 thApaNu rU. 9400 anya bhaMDoLa 15804-02 thApaNu rUA. 1295ra anya phaDe 19843-22 maMDaLI sudharela khAtara bIyAraNanuM kAmakAja kare che. maMDaLI sudharela bIyAraNa khAtaranuM kAmakAja kare che. 8 maNIzaMkara premajI rAjyagurU bhIkhAbhAI hAmAbhAI paTela e maMtrI. pramukha. vya ka, sabhya jasavaMtasiMha mAdhavasiMha gohIla goviMdabhAI vAlajIbhAI paTela vya. ka. sabhyo DAyAbhAI mAdhAbhAI paTela pramukha jAdavabhAI premajIbhAI jhaverabhAI nAraNabhAI paTela maNIzaMkara premajIbhAI rAjyagurU nathubhAI khoDAbhAI jIvAbhAI vasatAbhAI paTela baLavaMtasiMha devIsiMha bhagavAnabhAI premajIbhAI anumodana zrIkRSNanA moTAbhAI balabhadrajI rUparUpanA bhaMDAra hatA. ekavAra rUpano anartha nihALI pApI rUpa upara tiraskAra lAvI te muni thaI jaMgalamAM viharavA lAgyA. A jaMgalamAM eka haraNa phare. e balabhadrajInuM hevAyuM thaI gayuM. muni dAnamAM bese te e pAse bese; bhikSAe jAya te e paNa sAthe jAya. vanamAM bhikSA maLavI kayAreka banI jAya muzkela emAMya comAsAnA divase AvyA. sAta divasanI varasAdanI helI. muni sAta divasathI kSudhA sahIne beThA hatA. ala haraNa paristhiti pArakhI gayuM hatuM. ekAeka Aje ughADa nIkaLe. ne sAthe eka vaTemArga vaDa nIce bhAtu khAvA beThe. haraNAe e joyuM ne kUdatu-nAcatu muninA vastrane cheDe moMmAM laI munine tyAM kheMcI lAvyuM. enI AMkhamAM parama AnaMda hate. vaTe mAe aNadhAryA pavitra atithine AvelA joI harSathI bhikSA ApavA hAtha laMbAvya, munie pAtra laMbAvyuM; haraNAe AnaMdamAM Theka dIdhI ne vijaLI AkAzamAMthI kaThekATa tUTI paDI traNe jIva avasAna pAmyA. lenAra denAra ne anudana karanAra traNe tarI gayA. dhanya ghaDI ! dhanya veLA ! -Ara ratilAla enDa kuM. muMbaInA saujanyathI R. Ratilal & Co. Importers, Exporters & Manufacturers Representatives. Dealers in : Hosiery Furnishing Fabrics & House-hold Linen 13, Champa Gally, BOMBAY-2.

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[29] sunayAta sena nahIsamI sadInA bIjA adhaMkALamAM cIna vizvanI sauthI tyAM eka dukAna mAMDI sthApI banyo hate. eka cauda varSanI vadhAre sattAdhIza rASTramAnuM eka che. enI virATa vastI prANu nAnI vayanA sunA potAnI kAnamAM kAma karavA lAvI lIdho. vAna che. paraMtu AvuM sadAya banatuM AvyuM nathI. adhIsadI sunane honAluhu gamI gayuM dukAnanuM kAma game evuM hatuM. pahelAM ja ema lAgatuM hatuM ke jANe e gADha nidrAmAMthI vaLI ene eka khristI zALAmAM abhyAsa karavAnI phurasada kadI jAgaze ja nahi. chatAM saukAo pahelAM eka evo paNa paNa maLatI e gAmaDAmAM hato tyArathI ene khristI dharmamAM samaya hato ke e mahAna lekhAtuM paraMtu pachI e viparIta rasa pedA thayo hato. paraMtu enuM mana mAnyuM na hatuM. lulu dazAmAM mUkAI gayuM keI paNa rASTra e dezamAM ghusI zakatuM. mAM ene e taka maLI. eNe khrIstI gharma svIkArI lI. pitAne vyApAra lAdI zakatuM. are ! vyApAra zAne ? sIdhuM sAdu zeSaNa cIna ane vizvane vacceno avakAza divase paraMtu sune eTalI jhaDapathI khristrI dharmanA siddhAMta divase vadhate ja jato. pacAvI lIdhA eTalI jhaDape aMgrejI bhASA zIkhI gayo ne e avakAzamAMthI cInane bahAra kADhanAra virala IsvI prAdhAnya rIta rivAjone prajA taMtranAM vicitra khyAle graha sana 1866 nA navembaramAM janmyA enA janma pachI cInamAM karI lIdhA enA bhAI camakI gayAne ene pAcho vatana cIna mokalI dIdho. aneka palaTo AvyA ne hajI paNa Avaze paraMtu suna yAta senanI TuMkI kArakIdImAM je nATakIya palaTo thaye enI kadI have evuM lAgyuM ke jo ene enA gAmane kuTuMba barAbarI karI zakaze nahi. e gALAmAM cInanI vicAra sara sAtheno saMbaMdha sAva tuTI ja ya sthA. romAM padhaNIne cInanuM vartana sAva palaTAI gayuM. rAvelI mU. A vi elaphela bolI eNe gAmanA mevaDI paryugIjhanI TApu vasAhata makAuthI bahu dUra nahi ne roSa vahorI lIdhe ene gAmamAMthI kADhI mUkavAmAM evA uttara cInanA eka nAnakaDA gAmamAM eno janma thaye. A aDhAra varSanI vaye ene hoMgakoMga mokalI devAmAM gAmaThI zALAmAM eNe potAnI tAlIma zarU karI. e gAma AkhyA. ne cInanAM anya hajAra gAmaDAM peThe sunayAta sena ne enuM kuTuMba garIba hatAM. emanI jamInanAM ghaNuM UMcAM bhADA temane A vicitra sarvadezIya nagaramAM ene phAvatu jaDayuM ApavA paDatAM eTaluM ja nahi paNa emanA ne emane pAka navIna vicAra saraNI navina tattva jJAna mATe ene bhUkha ughaDI para zAhI sainikonAM AkramaNa cAlu ja rahetAM eTale emane hatI. ethI ene enuM pitAnuM ja jIvana nahiM paraMtu samagra uMcA AvavAnI kaDI taka ja maLatI nahi. tyAre cInamAM maMcu cInanAM leka jIvanane jIvavA banAvavAnI tamannA jAgI enA vaMza rAjya karate hato. cInamAM hajAro varSathI saramukhatyAra pitAnA jevA virAra saraNI dharAvatA ho ane A gAmamAM rAjAzAhI cAlatI AvatI hatI temAMnA A chelA samrATa maLI gayA teo sa. maLe, besatA rAtonI rAta jAgatA abhyAsa patAvI samagra vizvanAM bhAvinI carcAo karatA hatA. Ama te A maMcuo paNu lAMbI coTalI rAkhatA paradezIo ja hatA. pramANamAM navAMgatuMke hatA. cheka sattaramI navA protsADa, pAzcAtya sAmyavAdanA vizva para zA pratyA sadImAM e leka cInAI dIvAla oLaMgI AvyA hatA. ne ghAto paDaze e vicAratA ene paraNavA mATe vatana pAchA bolAvavAmAM AvyA gAmanA rivAja mujaba eNe kadI na joI virATa phalaka pradeza kabaje karI beThA hatA. emaNe cInanI hoya evI chokarI sAthe ene lagna karavAnuM hatuM. AjJAdhIna samagra mULa vastIne lAMbI coTalI rAkhavA pharaja pADI hatI. banI e vatana gaye nakakI karelI chokarIne paraNya. mAtA sAthe ghaNuM ene prAcIna cInanuM pratika mAne che parantu e te e navavadhUne mUkI e pitAnA adhUro abhyAsa pUro karavA parANe lAdeluM navuM ja dhRNA spada pratika che. sunayAta senanI hoMgakoMga pAcho vaLe eka zALAne abhyAsa krama eNe pUro kArakIdi daramiyAna theDA mahatvane paNa atizaya lAgaNI karyo hato have e bIjI zALAmAM joDAvAnuM hatuM paraMtu te zIlatA dAkhavato banAva maMcu damananA dhRNA spada pratika lAMbI eka amerikana dharma pracArako gADha mitra banI gayo tene coTalIne kApI nAkhavAne hate. anAI bhASA zIkhavADato pele dharma pracAraka ene khristI paraMtu A badhI to hajI bhAvinA garbhanI vAta hatI. dharmanI dIkSA ApavA taiyAra thaye enI vaNa mAgelI patnI gAmaDAmAM ucharele yuvAna suna eka rIte sadbhAgI nIvaDe. A nUtana jAgRtimAM kAMI ja bhAga levAnI nahotI alabata enA be moTA bhAIomAMno eka hone lula jaI vasyo hato. ene e teDAvaze paraMtu atyAre te ene kaMpa che jIvana " Jain Education Intemational

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha 539 gALavAnI phurasada na hotI cI ne enA bhAvamAM ja e temane ne temanA vicAronA nAza karavAnA maMcu sarakAranAM gUMthAI gaye hate pote dharma pracAraka banavuM ke krAntikArI IrAdAnI mAhitI maLI. emane. cInAI elacI kacerImAM banavuM yA banene aMgIkAra kare ene e gaMbhIra vicAra bolAvavAmAM AvyA. kapaTathI pakaDI levAmAM AvyA. kerI karI rahyo hato. paraMtu e tabIbI kArakidI apanAvI rahyo banAvyA game tema karI cIna dhakelI devAmAM AvyA hota ne hate enA deza baMdhuo mATe eka nakakara upayogI kAma kadAca dardanAka mRtyu paNa AvyuM hatuM. paraMtu keI daivI dAkatara banavAnuM hatuM. emanI bimArIo dUra karavAnuM hatuM zakti peThe emanA mitra DokaTara kenTalIka iglenDa AvI eTale ekavIsa varSanI vaye eNe hoMgakoMganI nyu elIsa pahoMcyA. ne tene saMdeza pahoMcADo Ama trIjIvAra DokaTara memorIala eTalAmAM paga mUko DekaTara jeImsa kenDalIke keTalIka sunayAna senane sahAya kartA thaI paDayA. DokaTara keTaene cAlu karI hatI. keTalika prati ene ekadama AkarSaNa lIka have sara jeImsa banyA. hatA brITanamAM ghaNuM mahatva thaI gayuM ane gADha mitra banI gayA varSo sudhI gADha mitra dharAvatA thayA hatA emaNe cInAI elacI khAtAe potAnA tarIke sAthe rahyA. mitrane jelavAsa Apyo che te paratve bhAre uhApoha karyo. | suna hoMziyAra vidyArthI hatA. pAMca vamAM e mAna videza maMtrI levuM selIsabarI jevAne vacamAM paDavA pharaja sahita snAtaka thaI gayo. hospITalanA pahelA snAtakamAMnA paDI. parANe roSe bharAI cInAI elacI khAtAne pitAnA e eka hate. DokaTara thaI paheluM pagaluM eNe nokarI karIne zodhavAnuM karyuM. chatAM yuvAna sunanAM magajamAM kAnti thoDA ja divasa bAda cInamAM krAMntine AraMbha thayo. kArI vicAre tAMDava macAvI rahyA hatA. macuMvaMzane uthalAvI suna yAna sene ka9pI hatI evI e kAMnti nahotI, ene pADavA kaTibadhdha evI eka ToLImAM e bhaje te eka tAkIdanA mArgadarzananI jarUra hatI paraMtu eka vAta spaSTa pra.ra samavAda sthApavAno emano IrAde hate emane thaI ke cInamAM paristhitine palaTo irachate eka varga hasti mATe sune lekha lakhavA mADayAM. uttejaka, protsAhaka mAga. dharAve che. A "laDavaiyAoe kAyado hAthamAM lIdhuM hatuM. darzaka lakhANo eNe ApavA mAMDyA. have cInamAM A lakhANo ne kukalakasa kalAna peThe badhA ja paradezIone cInAI khristIno pracAra vadhavA mAMDe. maMcu vaMzane uthalAvI pADavAnI enI katala karavA mAMDI hatI. te vakhate rAjyanI lagAma pravRtti jora pakaDatI gaI eTale ene pakaDavA InAma jAhera luccI. cakora ne vilAsI. vRddha mahArANI jhuDasInA hAthamAM thAya emAM zI navAI ? pitAnA dezanAM bimArInI kALajI hatI. tenI saradArI nIce macuo A laDavaiyAone chupI rIte levI hoya to eNe tabIbI paMthe ja karavo joIe kAM te protsAhana ApI rahyA hatA. jyAre jAheramAM A gerakAnUnI briTIza pradeza hoMgakoMgamAM ke porTugIjha pradeza makAumAM zikkA uchaLa jevI najIvI bInA paNa manuSyanA jIvana me te pariNAma Ave cInanI uMgha have harAma thaI para keTalI gherI asara karI jAya che. ? eNe makAu pasaMda gaI hatI. ane khristIo virUddhanI tamAma pravRtti vakheDI karyuM. tyAM to picugIjha padavI vinAnA badhA ja tabIbone kADhI. ene thaMbhAvI devA pitAnuM banatuM badhuM ja karI chUTa e praderAmAM karavA para pratibaMdha mUko. Ama sunanI tabIbI kArakidIne aNadhAryo anna AvyuM. e kSaNathI paraMtu tenuM mukhya kArya te eka majabUta krAntikArIdaLa ubhuM karavAnuM hatuM. taka maLe cInanuM sukAna hastagata karavAnuM DekaTara sunayAna sene cInanA loko mATe nUtana yuga pragaTA hatuM. emaNe pitAne cinAI kAntidaLa'nI sthApanA karI vavA pAtAnA ta...ma zakita vAparavA niradhAra karyo nAkhI hatI. yurapane jApAnamAM tenI zALAo paNa khelI pAse nANuM maLe nahIM. mAthA mATe InAna phare chatAM dIdhI hatI. temanI dvArA emaNe eka moTuM bhaMDoLa paNa ubhuM anya dezamAM pravAsa karyA vinA chUTake nahIM cInamAM krAntinuM karI dIdhuM hatuM. sunanA lakhANone pracAra karavAmAM prathama te mahattva samajAvAnuM ne phALe ugharAvavAne A nANA vaparAtA amerIkAmAM tAlIma pAmela eka zrImaMta e holulu gayA ene hetu saphaLa thayo. aNadhAryA cInAi TekedAra cAlI suga e saghaLuM sAhitya pragaTa karate. Ama te suganI peDhI dhArmika sAhityanAM pracAra mATe jANItI emanA jUnA mitra DokaTara kenTalIka maLI gayA. nUtana cIna mATenA pitAnA pretsAhaka navA vicAromAM lokomAM rasa pedA hatI ja, paraMtu sAcI rIte te sunanAM sphoTaka lakhANe ja kare hoya te DokaTara sene IMglenDa javuM ja joIe. pragaTa karavAmAM potAno moTo samaya gALatI. amerIkA thaI laMDana javA emaNe ; saphara kheDI. varSo pachI suna yAna sene pitAnI pariNIta patnIne DokaTara kelIkanI bhaviSya vANI sAcI paDI. DoTara senanI talAka ApIne cAlI suMganI traNa suMdara ne zreSTha keLavaNI mahAtvAkAMkSA phaLI. emane nANuM ne naitika anumAna maLyA. pAmelI traNa dIkarIomAMnI eka cIMga lIga sAthe lagna karI paraMtu laMDananAM gherA vAtAvaraNamAM ja DokaTara suna yAna senane lIdhA. zeSa jIvanamAM ane jemane preraNuM ApavAnuM kArya e Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 karI zake tema hatI. suMganI bIjI be dIkarIoe paNa mahA zamaNAmAM rahyA hatA emane AthI ghaNuM ja duHkha thayuM. tvanI vyaktio sAthe lagna karI lIdhA. eka zrI eca eca. emaNe yuAnane satya samajAvavA ghaNuM prayatna karyA. paraMtu e kIMga zrImaMta benkara hatA. jyAre bIjA zrImatI cAMga kAI potAnI viparIta cAlathI jarA paNa casavA taiyAra thayA nahIM zeka banyA. sadbhAgye eka ja varSamAM enuM avasAna thayuM. IsvIsana 1908mAM maMcu mahArANInuM avasAna thayuM. TUMka samayamAMja cInanA itihAsamAM bIjuM sImAM bAlarAjAne eNe varSo sudhI kedI jevI hAlatamAM ja rAkhyA cihna draSTigocara thayuM cothI mene gajabanAka banAva bane. hatuM. A yuvAna zahenazAhe paNa tyAra pachI A krAntinI IsvIsana 1919 e me mahine cIna pitAnuM navuM ghara prakiyAne vega Ape. eNnanI vANI have samagra vizALa vyavasthita karavA mathI rahyuM hatuM. varasAInAM karAra thayA pahelAM dezamAM prasarI cUkA hatA. ghaNAtA amana pAtAne jAya pachI- vizva yuddhane aMta AvyA. paraMtu emAM cInane ulekha natA thaI gayA hatA. Ama te emanA jIvanane moTo bhAga sarakho paNa karavAmAM AvyuM nahIM e cImamAM paradezIe cIna bahAra vI. hatuM chatAM e bIlakula nIDara hatA. ne je pradeza pacAvI pADyo hate. e temanAM ja hAthamAM rahyo mAthe InAma pharatuM hovA chatAM dezamAM cheka UMDANa sudhI jApAne lazkarI madadathI je pradeza meLavyA hatA ane kAnUnI emaNe aneka pravAsa karyA hatA. anuda apAyuM. chevaTe IsvIsana 111lemAM kAMnti AvI haikAumAM zAhI cIne vIsamI sadImAM pagaraNa mAMDayA ane pazcimanAM lazkareja baLavo pokAryo tyAre suna amerikAmAM bhaMDoLa ubhu dezoe jorazorathI. biradAvyA hatA chatAM cInanI AvI upekSA ? karavA rokAe hatuM paraMtu A kAtine ene mAnasane ja roSe bharAI che' nA vidyAthIoe paradezI elacI kacerI parIpAka lekhavAmAM AvyuM parINAme cInanA stana prajAtaMtrane sAme moraco mAMDa ne pitAne sakhata virodha jAhera karyo. ene prathama pramukha cUMTI kADhavAmAM Avyo madhya amerIkAnA pravAsa daramiyAna A samAcAra emaNe chApAmAM vAMcyAne vatana emane elacI kacerInAM prAMgaNamAM praveza maLe nahI. pAchA vaLavA taiyArI karI lIdhI. have sunane tenA anuyAyIonI AMkha ughaDI gaI, pachInA jAnyuArI mahinAmAM suna yAna senanI cInanA emane brama TaLI gaye. pazcima cInane sahAya karavA taiyAra che . vidhI za che ke na hoya te raziyA te emanI paDakhe raheze ja yunAITeDa taMtranI vigata vAra peja 1 ghaDI rAkhI hatI. enA pakSa ITasa opha sAviTa raziyA tarapha temaNe mITa mAMDI. kuonInaTega rAkhyuM prajAkIya pakSe ane bahAlI paNa ApI ne raziyAe emane AvakAryA dravyane zastrasaraMjAma hatI. sunayAnasenane pitAne sattA hastagata karavAnI lelupatA pUro pADaze. ne IsvIsana 1919nA menI cethI tArIkhanA na hatI paraMtu kAnti pachI eka sthira sarakAra racavAnI bhAva nibhara divasathI cInAI sAmyavAdI pakSane udaya thaye. mahuvA kAlAM te hatI ja, raziyAnuM traNa enA para rahyuM. chatAM suna jAte kadI sAmyavAdI paraMtu enA kimatamAM hatAzA ja lakhAI hatI. eTale sAmyavAdI banyo nahote te paNa eNe kamIgaTAMga pakSane sudhI ke sthira sarakAra sthApavA turata ja nUtana prajAtaMtrane apanAvavAne seviyeta svarUpamAM DhALavA kuzaLatAthI cokkasa yogya adhyakSane satA saMpI devAne eka ja mArga mokaLe pagalA bharyA su nA Adarza prati hamadadI dAkhavatuM A rahyo hato e mANasa majabUta paNa niryo hate. paradA pAchaLa sAmyavAdI jUtha takALa nAnakaDuM jUtha ja rahyuM. AdarzavAdI sudhAraka nahatA. potAnAM lakSAMka siddha karavA eNe anya cInAI prajAjano emanI sAthe bhaLyA naDeta. jIvanane moTo bhAga paradeza veThayA nahote. paraMtu sunayAta cInamAM hajI bhAgalA rahyA. uttara cIna ne dakSiNa cIna judA ene enA nAmathI gheSaNA karIne badhAe svIkArI lIdhI. rahyA kumaTAMga pakSanA kabajAmAM dakSiNa vibhAga nAmamAM cAlu senApati yuAna zI hakAinI adhyakSa tarIke nImaNuMka thaI kAra rahyo. uttaramAM paspara jhaghaDatA yuddhakhore sattA para rahyA. bahu vizvAsa mUkI zakAya e paNa nahi paraMtu yuddho maMcu dakSiNamAM paNa sunane pharIthI lekakalya. zuM arthe rAjInAmuM darabAramAM paNa enI khUba lAgavaga hatI. tyAM hasI pachI ApavAnI jarUra jaNAI isvIsana 1921 sudhI e paDadA AvanAra rAjya pratinidhine rAjyanuM sUkAna choDI devA e pAchaLa rahyo pachI e bahAra cA paraMtu eka ja varSa pachI samajAvI zakyo hato. akaLAyelA senApati yena cImuMga mI me ene hAMkI kADhayo, paraMtu yuAne te nUtana cInanA saramukhatyAra thavAnAM e nATakIya Dhabe zAMgahAI vidAya thaI gayo. lakSaNa dAkhavyA ene prajAtaMtra sAmyavAda ke evA kaI have emanA vaphAdAra janarala cAMga kAI zeka emanI AdazamAM rasa nahate eNe pitAne ja cInane samrATa paDakhe AvI ubhA o janarala cenane parAjaya ApavAmAM kahera karyA suna yAta sena jIvanabhara prajAtaMtrane sAmyavAdanAM sata yAta sene pachI dakSiNa cIna para nAmanuM rAjya karyuM Jain Education Interational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 541 0000000000000000000000000000000000 With Best Compliments From Gim : "NILUSHA" Phone : 315136 potAnA jIvana daramiyAna sunayAta sena karI saphaLa thayA nahIM cInane saMgaThita karavAnuM potAnuM svapna siddha karI zakyA nahIM uttara pradezamAM cInanA yuddhakhora saradAre jhaghaDatA ja rahyA tyAM IsvIsana 1925nA mArcanI bAramI tArIkhe emanuM avasAna thayuM. kumIMgaTAMganI saradArI ciyAga kAI zeka para AvI. jhaghaDatA saradAronA ToLAne vaza karavA eNe potAne " janarAlIsIne' kahevarAvavA mAMDayuM. sunanA avasAna pachI ciyAMganI rUDhicusta saradArI nIce rahIna nUtana sAmyavAdI pakSanA AdarzothI vimukha thatuM ja gayuM. sItAne saMgharSane badale cInamA avyavasthita AMtara vizraDa phATI nIkaLyo. ciyAMgane sAmyavAdI netA mAunse tuMga sAma sAmAM AvI gayA isvIsana 1949mAM sAmyavAdIone vijaya thayo kumIgaTAMgane phesa hAMkI kADhavAmAM AvyA. sunayAta sena avasAna samaye mAtra ogaNasATha varSanAM ja hatA. e vadhu jIvyA hatA A tirADa kadI paDI nahota game tema paNa arvAcIna sAmyavAdI cIna e eka ja vyaktinI trANI che ne raheze e nAnakaDo khrIstI DekaTara enA jema ne gajaba zaktie manuSyane eka Adarza prati vAnyA cInane madhyayuganA aMdhakAramAMthI bahAra ApyuM ne eka nUtana rASTra sarajAvyuM. Give & Take (India) ( Wholesale Suppliers & Importers ) 8!, Shamaldas Gandhi Marg, BOMBAY-2 Drugs Poilets Su gical goods Medicines $ 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Gram : CLOTHPRINT T... : 23083 26422 che ve00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Mislary Ambalal Jetharam Iron Brass Factory Gheekanta Road, AHMEDABAD-1. Offer The Following Machinery from Present Manufacturing Programme : 2000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 (1) 1,2,3 and 4 Colour Hand Driven Printing Machine. (2) 4,6,8 and 10 Colour Roller Printing Machine. With Pneumatic Pressure and Repeat Motion Drive. (3) Overhead Dryer, Jet Dryer, and loop Dryer. (4) Steam Ager, Acid Ager, Star Ager, Spiral Ager, Loop Ager and Flash Ager. (5) Batching Machine for Big Batches. (6) Roller Forcing machine mechanical and Hani Operation. (7) Colour mixing machine. (8) Laboratory Equipment like printing, Jigger and padding machine. AND (9) 8 Colour Rotary Roller printing machine. 20000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jain Education Intemational

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542 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 ophIsa : 55 pisTa basa naM. 28 TelIphera : ? oIla mIla : 284 tA 2 : " saMgha " 1 pramukha nivAsthAna : 2 3 | menejara nivAsthAna: 269 vinA sahakAra nahiM udhdhAra" zrI mahuvA tAlukA sahakArI kharIda vecANa saMgha lI., mahuvA mahuvA. (saurASTra) " dezanI kAyApalaTa karavAnA kAryamAM Arthika ane sAmAjIka krAnti anivArya che je sahakArI pravRtti dvArA zakya banAvI zakAya tema che." mahuvA saMgha" garIba ane madhyama varganI, kheDUta ane majura varganI sagavaDatAo purI pADavAmAM kAryamAM avirata doTa mukI rahela che. sane 1971/ 72 tA. 30-6-72 tA. 30-6 72 bharAyela zera bhaMDoLa.... .... .... 2,15,370 vyakti sabhya saMkhyA ... * * * 1124 anAmata bhaMDheLa ... .... ... 1,23,176 maMDaLI sabhya saMkhyA .... ... ... .... 98 1971/72nI sAlanI sAlanuM vecANa 68,45,000 1971/72nI sAlanuM khAtara biyAraNanuM vecANa 28,24,000 zAnubhAI modI bAbubhAi vaidya mahezacaMdra je. trivedI pramukha ceramena mAnad maMtrI darara0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 kAmakAja zabhecchA pAThave che. zubhecchA pAThave che adhAra 5 ko-o keTana sela jInIMga enDa presIMga so. lI. mu. rAmapurA (viramagAma tAluke) (amadAvAda jile ) zrI rAjaparA jAtha vi. kA. saha. maMDaLI lI. mu. rAjaparA ( koTaDA sAMgANI tAluka) (AjakoTa jile ) sthApanA tArIkha 26-8-19 neMdhaNI naMbara 24474 zerabhaMDoLa 302,000 sabhya saMkhyA 3.4 anAmata phaMDa-pa7000 anya phaMDa-2,26,00 sthApanA tA 24-1-56 dhaNI naMbara R/6/1679 zera bhaMDALa 282390-00 sabhya saMkhyA 542 anAmata phaMDa 50476-32 kheDuta anya phaMDa 2838 - 07 bInakheDuta menejara, bAbulAla 2, zAhu kAntilAla I. paTela menejIMga DIrekaTara zaMkaradAsa mA, paTela pramukha jayavaMtasiMha DI. jADejA che. na, varIyA maMtrI ke. DI. jADejA upapramukha Jain Education Intemational

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[30] mAotsa tuMga karaDe derI para nAcatAM lAkaDAMnAM putaLAM piThe raMga pachI bIjo divasa IsvIsana 1893nI e sAla kisamasanI maMca pAsethI pasAra thatuM bAlakanuM nya hajAre bAlakanI kaI asara enA mAnasa para paDe ema te hatI ja nahiM hAranI hAra dhULa dhoyA mArga para cAlI ja jAya che. hajare krisamasa viSe kaMIka eNe sAMbhaLyuM tyAra pahelA te e pukhta paga tAlabaddha ThekA sAthe AgaLa vadhe che. hajAro svare ghegharI vayano mAnavI thaI cUkyo hato enA mA bApa garIba hatAM. cIsa nAMkhe che. ullAsa bharI ke dAkhavatI asaMkhya garIba loko jeTalAM garIba nahi zAomazAna nadI pAse keTalAya eMkara jamIna e kheDatAM honAna prAMtanI jamIna hajAro DAbA hAtha uMcA thAya che AthI ja putaLAM cInanA bIjA prAMte jevI ja khUba phaLadrupa jamIna che khaDatala sinyano AbhAsa thAya che parantu kharI rIte te e badhA cabarAka strI ene kheDe che honAnane chelle mAnavI avasAna sainike ja che baTakAne nAnakaDA darekanA hAthamAM nAnakaDI pAmaze tyAre cIna jItAze e junI purANI kahevatanI prati pAsapaTa jevI rAtI pustikA che. vAhana haMkAravAnuM lAyansa paThAne e leke lAyaka che. che tA lo . havAmAM laheriyA letI pratyeka pustikAmAM eka goLa traNaso traNaso varSathI cIna para dhAtakI ne braSTAcArI mukhAraviMda vALI vyaktinI chabI che jene koIe vadanane barA rAjavIonI hakumata hatI. e maMcu nAme oLakhAtA emane bara pa.chAnatuM na hoya te e kaLI na zake ke e strI che ke uthalAvI pADavAno prayAsa karatA bIjA mAnavIo khabhekhabhA purUSa AnaMdI aiNa vALa vinAnuM marataka kiramajI TopImAM mIlAvavAnI yuvAna mAone preraNA maLI hatI. eka mahAna chUpAyeluM che enI vaya kaLI zakAtI nathI. e vyakita trIsa cInAI rAjapuruSa mAletuMga karatAM Aje paNa cIna jenuM varSanI sATha varSanI ke nevuM varSanI paNa hoI zake. vadhAre trANI che. eNe e viSaya para addabhUta lakhANe pragaTa karyA hatAM. DokaTara suna yAta mena dakSiNa cInano vA . varSo tarIke pUjavA mATe AthI vadhAre sAruM vadana sudhI e havAI rahyo. hoMgakoMgamAM tabIbane baMdha karavA gaye. kamaLa bIju kayuM hoI zake ? karaDe mAnavIe mAse maMcanI pakaDamAMthI potAnA dezane uddhAra karavAnA kAryamAM tuMgane izvarane avatAra mAne che khristI devatAnI pUjA kara paDavAnuM enA kismatamAM lakhAyuM haze. tethI enA dhaMdhA para nAra mAnavInI saMkhyA karatAM paNa mAnI bhakti karanAranI pratibaMdha mUkAye e dehane dAktara maTI gayo. dezane dAktara saMkhyA vadhAre che Izvarane dUra che ApaNA darekanA dilamAM thaye. cInanA khUNe khUNe leke chupA chUpA maLavA lAgyA. IzvaranI kaIne kaI chabI upasI AvatI haze. IzvaranI ThAi DekaTara sunanA lakhANAnI carcA karavA lAgyA ane kema amaprakAzita mUti ApaNe ApaNA dilamAM sthApI haze e izva- lamAM mUkAya enI yejanA karavA lAgyA. ranI vaya AMkavI ke jAti kalpavI e uchAMchaLA AtmAnI nIzAnI nathI ? che taka emanAM bAraNAM ThokatI AvI ubhI. huMkAumAM ane chatAMya A lAla rakSake pekIganI zerIomAM jANe bomba dhaDAke thaze. maMcuM rAjakartAoe e kAvahArabaMdha pasAra thAya che badhAja ghaNA nAnA che, pote kadI ne trAmAM saMDovAyelA kahevAtA suna yAta senanA keTalAka ThekedArone nathI anubhavyuM nathI evA kAramA bhUtakALane bhUMsI nAkhavA cIsa pakaDI levAnI taka jhaDapI lIdhI badhAne garadana mAryA, lazkare pADe che. parantu karaDe strI puruSo evA paNa che je potAnA baMDa pokAyuM mAojotuMgane bIjA emAM joDAvA doDI gayA. adhyakSa cInanA rAjyakartA mAo tuMgane daivI opa Ape che. thoDA ja divasomAM maMcu rAjapAlane saMkhyAbaMdha cInAI nagaramAMthI hAMkI kADhavAmAM AvyA. baLa saphalatAne cAre atizaya Thokara khAu sIdhe sAdo mAnavI cInAI AvI ubhe mAoe lazkarI kArakIdInI kadIe kalpanA karI zALAno eka zikSaka samaya itihAsamAM koIne paNa prApta nahotI. eka ja rAtamAM e gajabanAka sainika banI gaye. na thayuM hoya evuM unnata sthAna cinAI mAnasane haiyAmAM kevI have badhI duniyAM svIkAre che evI chApAmAra TukaDIne e rIte prApta karI zako e vicAratAM pahelAM e karyuM che eNe netA anyo. chApAmAra pravRtti para potAnA maMtavyo eNe zuM karyuM che e ApaNe joIe. rajU karavA mAMDayA bIjA aneka lakhANe paNa eNe pragaTa karyA cinanA vizALa pradezanA dakSiNAtA bhAgamAM AvelA hananI sthitinA hevAle e prAtamAM krAntinI saphaLatAnI honAna prAMtamAM e janma vastI che. e divasa kisamasa zakayatAo; bhIMta pa ItyAdi. moTA moTA zirSake karavAmAM mAMthI hAMkI kADha samAM Ine paNa enA

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544 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 AvyA : "maMcuone kADhe cInane svataMtra kare' makAnanI nAnA yuddha bAra saradAre hastimAM AvI cUkyA hatA. pitAnI bhIMte para dekhA devA lAgyAM. jAte potAne senAdhyakSa tarIke oLakhAvatA. cInano bane teTale vadhAre pradeza pitAne kabaje karavA anya sAthe jhaghane addabhUta gatie krAntie pragati sAdhI. gheDA ja DatA. pharI ekavAra sunayAta sena mATe jIvanane khatare ubhe mahinAomAM nAnakIMga sunayAta senanA sainyanA kabajAmAM thaye. aNInI paLe enIyAna bhAgI gayA. AvyuM. TuMka samayamAM ja eka nAnakaDA cinAI prajAtaMtranI ghoSaNA karavAmAM AvI. ene pakaDI lAvana, 2 mATe inAme tyAMthI eNe pazcimanA deTonI sahAya mATe dardabharI jAhera thayAM hatAM paraMtu e cIna cheDI gayo hato jANe deza- vinavaNI karI. paradezI kumaka vinA cIne pharIthI aMdhAdhUdhImAM nikAla thayo hato e have pAcho Avyo. cInAI prajAtaMtrane phasAI jaze evI emane bhIti hatI. vizvane majabUta cIna pahele kAmacalAu pramukha banyA. mitra tarIke maLe e AvakAra lAyaka na hatuM ? mArka uratAda chApAmAra yoddho hato. eNe sainyamAMthI paraMtu dekhItI rIte vidha e vicAra karatuM na hatuH rAjInAmuM ApyuM ane sainika thavAnI tamannA nahotI, ene pazcimI rAjya taraphathI suna ne bIlakula sahukAra sAMpaDyo nahi. zALA zikSaka banavAmAM ja ene rasa hato. zikSaka tarIke yuvaka yuvatIonAM mAnasa ghaDavAmAM ene rasa hato. sunayAta chevaTe IsvIsana 1918mAM pahelA vizvayuddhano lehiyALa senanI sAcI vAta saune gaLe UtAravI hatI. anna AvyuM. tyAre kaMIka AzA paDI. amerikana pramukha vuDro vilasana paNa mA je zikSaka ja hatuM. emaNe IsvIsana 1912 thI 1918 ogaNIsathI paccIsa pitAno cauda muddAne kAryakrama rajU karyo hato e pAra paDe varSa nAnanI AMgazA normala zALAmAM emaNe zikSaka thavA to cInane ghaNI ja madada thAya tema hatI. pazcimI sattAo tAlIma lIdhI. e zALAmAM gayA pachI pahelI ja vAra emaNe cInAI nagaramAM je beTA adhikAro bhegavatA hatA tene duniyAno nakazo joyo e cakti thaI gayo. atyAra sudhI to anta Ave ja. paraMtu IsvIsana 1919nA me mAM bhayaMkara cInane vizvanuM madhya bindu lekhavAmAM AvatuM hatuM paraMtu samAcAra AvyA. varsesa khAte maLI rahelI mahAsattAone cInanI sarahada pAra e evuM nahotuM lekhAtuM e ene cInanA rAjya taMtrane Teke ApavAnI jarAya IcchA na hatI. pahelI ja vAra khyAla Avyo. cIna e samagra duniyA nahotI cInamAM pitAnA adhikAra paNa choDI devA teo taiyAra na hatA. vizvanuM sauthI moTuM rASTra paNa nahotuM. cInanA yuvaka vargane AthI moTo AghAta lAgyo. cIna mahAna rASTra banaze ja. e divasathI mAonA paradezI thANAM para AkramaNa karavAne temaNe niradhAra karyo dilamAM A vAta vasI gaI. e davisathI ja e prakAranI menI thI tArIkhe pAMca hajAra vidyArthIo e pekIganI enA dilamAM chApa paDI gaI. enI vastI vizvanA koI paNa videzI elacI kacerI para kUca karI gayA. amerikanane yurapI. khaMDa karatAM vadhAre hatI ne? ane rAjapurue pitAnI sarakArane nyAyI valaNa apanAvavA DekaTara suna yAta senanA vicAro ne anumodana Apa samajAvavI joIe evI temanI mAgaNI hatI. emAMthI hulaDe nArAoe potAno eka alaga pakSa racyo, rASTrIya prajApakSa phATI nIkaLyAM. yA kuMcIMga Tega ane purANA zAhI senApati yuAnane navA sAmyavAdI itihAsamAM tArIkha ne sutrono pAra nathI cInAI prajAtaMtrane pahele pramukha banAvyo hato pate kAma paraMtu A cothI menA prasaMge te samagra dezamAM hala calAu pramukha pada parathI khasI gayo. paraMtu sunane yuenamAM macAvyAM. tethI e khAsa noMdha pAtra banI gaI che. cInAI vizvAsa nahI paraMtu dezamAM ene sArI AvakAra maLe ema kAntinI bIjI ke zA kAi. sahAya mATe cInAoe raDiyA hato. prathama te A zANIne mutsaddI cAla jaNAI eNe to para mITa mAMDI. macu sarakAranI paDakhe rahevA vicAra karyo.. IsvIsana 1919nA me mahinAmAM jagatanA itihAsa | suna yAta senanA bhAre duHkha sAthe e vRddha AdamIe ne samagra krama palaTAI gaye. ene badhe ja doSa pazcimI maMcuone punaH saranazIna karavA kAvatru racuM, pitAne samrATa sattAo para DhALI zakAya tema che. jAhera karyo kamInTIMgane bAjue mUkavAmAM e saphala paNa raziyAe jhaDapathI puSkaLa madada karI. paisA, hathiyAro, tho na maMcuvaMza te e punaH sthApI zakyo nahi. paraMtu salAhakAro ne cInamAM varasAda varasI rahyo. emanI sAthe cInamAM aMdhAdhuMdhI to jarUra phelAvI. ardha samajAyela saMpradAya paNa AvyoH sAmyavAda: paraMtuM IzvaranI kRpA ke traNa ja mahinAmAM yuAnanuM yuvAna mAo tsa tuMgane hajI mAMDa chavIsa varSa thayAM avasAna thayuM. paraMtu eTalA TUMkA gALAmAM ya seMkaDe nAnA e AratAthI emAM bhaLI gaye. e navA sAmyavAdI pakSamAM Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 545 joDAye raziyAnI peThe cInanA tamAma jamInadArane khatama gaTAMga AkramaNa sAme vAparavA emanAM hathiyAre kabaje karavAmAM karavAnI eNe pratijJA lIdhI. manuSya parizramanAM phala pratyeka jaNane AvyuM, bI AkramaNa AvyuM paNa kharuM paraMtu enI paNa vaheMcI ApavAmAM Ave evI vyavasthA karavAne tene IrAdo eja vale thaI. sAmyavAdI zastra bhaMDAramAM gajaba vadhAro thayo. hate pakSanuM jora jhaDapathI vadhI rahyuM jarAka mukhya pakSa kocIMga zALA zikSaka mAoto tuMge prathama lAla sainyanI racanA karI. TAMge ene svIkAryo badhA pakSo vacce maitrI saMbaMdha sadhAya. pite enI saradArI lIdhI. tyAM cIna mATe karUNa banAva banyo suna yAta senanuM have cInAnA dezabharamAMthI lAla sainyamAM bharatI thavA avasAna thayuM. bAla prajAtaMtramAM enuM sthAna meTA yuddhakhora mAMDI mAM enA mitra cUha te pitAnuM AgavuM. saMpUrNa saradAra piyAga kAI ke lIdhuM dezamAMnA nAnA nAnA sadArA rinya laI AvI pahoMcyA. lAla sainyamAM joDAI gayA. IsvI thI judA tarI AvavA eNe potAnI jAtane "janaralAsI' sana 13 - 1931 mAM A sAmyavAdI sainya janalIsIA kahevarAvyo. me. cAMka kAI zenanA cAra AkramaNe pAchAM pAMcamane chelle paraMtu navA banI beThelA A janaralAsImoe sAmyA. mahAjaMga khelAyo. vAdI lakSyAMke prati zatrubhAva dAkhavyo. cAMka kAI zekanA manamAM cInanI meTA jamInadAranI purANI saMsthA ja cInamAM TakI ciyAMge khUba khUba kharca karI jarmanIthI zastrAstro kharIdyo zake ema hatuM. hatAM. salAha kAre paNa ekaDA karyA hatAM. daza lAkha mANase nI miTI senA ubhI karI hatI. mAotsa tuMge ghaNA kelakarAra karyA hatA. tenA eka hevAlanA pariNAme cIAge nUtana sAmyavAdI pakSane bhUMsI A kuomIgaTAMga seve kiyAMglI girimalAmAM AgenAkhavAno niradhAra karyo. "hanAnanI kheDUta caLavaLanI tapAsa kUca AraMbhI eziyAmAM thayelAM yuddhamAM keTalAka sauthI vadhAre anta ghaDAyale e hevAla hatuM. emAM tamAma jamInadArane leDIALa jage che.lAyA. eSavAra ema paNa lAgyuM ke jana ukhADI nAkhI emanI jamIne kheDUtomAM vaheMcI nAkhavAne rasIsIAmone pAMcamI vAra paNa parAjya apAyo paraMtu bIje prastAva hate. divase jaNAyuM ke cInamAMthI sAmyavAda bhUsI nAkhavAmAM Avyo. AthI mAe enA pakSa karatAM ghaNuM AgaLa vadhI gayA cInAI sAmyavAdI itihAsane sImAstaMbha racAI hatA. emane pakSa dhIme dhIme vikAsa sAdhavAnA matane hate. gayo. mAonA sainyanI bhAre katala karavAmAM AvI nAnI pUre vikAsa sadhAI 2 eTalI vATa jevA paNa taiyAra hate. nI TukaDIomAM vikherI nAkhavAmAM AvI A badhAMe paraMtu zekamAone hevAla vAgyA hatA. eNe eka kSaNa paNa saMgaThita thavuM hoya te teoe kumIMgaTaga sainyane vATa jovAnuM munAsiba na dhAyuM". ugatI sAmyavAdI caLavaLane ochA na hoya e cInane ke, I bIjo pradeza zodhI hamaNAM hamaNAM ja dAbI devI joIe e eNe nirNaya kADhave joIe ne thoDIvAra zvAsa khAvA thaMbhI javuM joIe lIdhe. mAoe temane vAyavyamAM AvelA kasune zensI prAntamAM kuArIMgaTAMga lazkare aNadhAryA lohIALa ityA kAMDA akalita kuca karavA Adeza Apyo cInanI virATa divAlane sarajyA. rAmyavAdI AMdolanamAM pUrI zraddhA dharAvanAra pITha TekavI ahIMthI teo kaI paNa phuomIMgaDAMga AkramaNa hajAronI katala karavAmAM AvI eTaluM ja nahi paNa no sAmano karI zakaze evI tenI dhAraNA hatI paraMtu have sAmyavAda sAthe bIlakula saMbaMdha na hoya evAne paNa raheMsI oma'gaTAMga je ja bIjo bhaya ubhuM thaye jApAne cIna nAkhavAmAM AvyA IsavIsana 19 7mAM sAmyavAdI pakSa bhUga para AkramaNa karyuM. A kuomIgaTAMga AkramaNa jeTalI ja rbhamAM cAlyo gayo. eja varSanA ogasTa mahinAmAM bIjuM gaMbhIra hakIkata hatI dhIme dhIme jApAna cInane vadhAre ne aitihAsika sUtra astitvamAM AvyuM : pAnakharanA pAkanuM vadhAre pradeza kabaje karI rahyuM hatuM sAmyavAdI lazkara pharIthI baMDa thayuM. 'tu ene saphaLatA maLI nahi ene kazI ja saMgaData thayuM. vyavasthita banyuM. jApAnanI dhamakIne paheAMcI prApti paNa thaI nahi enA uzkeraNI karanAra mAse tuMga vaLavA taiyAra ubhuM paraMtu kuomIMgaTagane jApAnI bhayane nI dharapakaDa thaI emane motanI sajA paNa pharamAvavAmAM AvI. khyAla rahyo nahiM agara te temaNe temanI upekSA karI. paraMtu emane ziraccheda karavAne enI thoDI paLe mAone tuMganI kUca lagabhaga cha hajAra mAIlanI hatI pahelAM ja mAo tsa tuMga bhAgI chUTayo. hanAnane kiyAMzmInI mAnava yA anya badhA ja zatruo sAme cha hajAra mAIla TekarIomAM ane saMtADI devAmAM Avyo. enI sAthe enuM page cAlIne AgaLa vadhavAnuM hatuM okaTobara 1934mAM ene custa sAmyavAdI sainya paNa hatuM. AraMbha thayo eka varasano samaya lAgyo e daramiyAna sAmya ciyAM kAI zeka emanI sAme kumisaMga sainya vAdI lazkarane sakhata ThaMDIne AkarI garamIne pratikAra karo kahyuM. paraMtu ene kApI nAkhavAmAM AvyuM. bIjA kumiM paDyo khAtranI yuddha khera saradAronAM saMkhyAbaMdha lazkare ThekANe Jain Education Intemational

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146 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga nA parva bajAramAM jApAna sAthe sArA sArA vakatA pADavA paDayAM kuomIMgaTAMga lazkara to kharuM ja A lAMbI cheDA mahinAmAM te mAonA lAla lazkare nATakIya auca kUca cInAI itihAsane maTAmAM moTo prasaMga lekhAze Dhabe cIAMga kAI zekane pakaDI lIdhe. paraMtu mAotsa tuMge sAmyavAdI sarakArane te khAsa. jAte ene jIvate javA dIdhe. kuomIMga TAMga sainya sAmyaA AgekUca eka hijharatanA svarUpanI hatI. eTaluM vAdI sainyane herAna karatAM aTakaze ne jApAnIone cIna ja nahi paNa sainya bharatIne eka jaMgI kAryakrama ne adUbhUta bahAra hAMkI kADhavAmAM sahAya rUpa banaze evuM temanI pAse pracAra sAdhana paNa banI rahI mAoe vividha pakSane svA. vacana levAmAM AvyuM. zrayI TukaDIomAM saMgaThita karyA dareka TukaDI sAthe eka eka nATakamaMDaLI paNa rahetI dareka mukAme divasanI kUcathI pariNAme jApAna sAthenA yuddhamAM cInano vijaya thayo. game teTale zrama paDayo hoya te paNa e nATaka maMDaLI pitAnA pala baMdara aMgenI khoTI gaNatrI jApAnanA parAjyanA kAraNa prayoge rajU karatI. dareka nATakamAM sArA sArA vakatAo cIna bhUta hatI. isvIsana 1945mAM te cInAI AMtara vigraha sAmyavAdI bane e hakIkatanuM mahatva samajAvatA. pharIthI gAjate thaI gayo. IsvIsana 194mAM cInAI sAmya vAdIone vijaya thayo AMka kAI zekanA apakIti varelA A Agekuca agiyAra prAMtamAM thaI pasAra thaI. be sainyane phermosAmAmAM bharAI javuM paDyuM, Ama cInAI prajAabaja lokone saMparka sAdhyo. lAla sainyanA mArge ja taMtrane dezavaTA devAyo. muktidvArA khulaze evI sau koIne pratIti karAvI. e be abaja mAnavInA haiyAmAM evA vicAronuM bIjA ropaNa kara have mAe jotuMge pitAnA pakSane saMgaThita karI enI vAmAM AvyuM. ke jenA aMkura phuTe, navapalavita thAya, kupA zakita ekadama vadhArI devA prayAsa AdaryA. potAnA salAhaAve, phala pAke te ane sArAmAM sAre paripAka thAya. lAla. kArenI saMmatithI eNe potAne prabhupade sthApyo ne e sthAna ne banyuM paNa ema ja sAmyavAdI pakSanI zakti ghaNI akhaMDita rahe evAM tamAma pagalAM lIdhA A devI pratibhA ja vadhI gaI. vAyavya prAntamAM AvelA emanA navA mathakathI sadaiva edyatana rahe evI yejanA karI phakta A rIte ja e bharatI zarU karavAmAM AvI. IsvIsana 1937nA anta sudhImAM cInAI prajAnI akhaMDa vaphAdArI prApta karI zako. te mAo eka karoDa mAnavIne sara mukhatyAra rAjakartA banI gaye. eNe kadI cIna bahAra paga mUka nahote e vAtanI game te thAya paNa ItihAse eka vAta te avazya have ene cintA thavA lAgI eNe e uNapa pUrI levA nira- noMdhavI paDaze; mAo na hota te cIna nirbala heta; nirAdhAra karyo paraMtu ene phurasada ja maLI nahi. dhAra hota ne vizvanI sarvottama sattA na banI zakyuM heta. With Best Compliments From Terene 100 % Laxmi Vishnu Sarees LAXMI VISHNU ENTERPRISES 524, Chandra Chowk, 5th Lane, M. J. Market, BOMBAY-2 lakSmI viSNu enTaraprAIjhIsa pa24, caMdraka 5 mI galI, mu. je. mArakITa, muMbaI naM-2. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 547, 000000000000000000000000000000000000000 kema, 325207 2 * 325880 zubhecchA pAThave che che sAbarakAMThA jillA sahakArI saMgha sTezana reDa, hiMmatanagara, saMghanA sabhAsada bane ane.. 1. gujarAtuM rAjya sahakArI saMgha prakAzIta " sahakAra ' sAptAhika" jenuM lavAjama rUA. 8 che te mAtra rUA. 3 mAM meLave. 2. saMgha saMcAlIta sahakArI saMsthAnA maMtro menejara | tAlImavargo, vyavasthApaka samiti vargo ane mahilA vargone lAbha meLave. 3. dharmAdAphaDanI rakama vAparatAM pahelAM jillA saMghanI maMjurI le. 4. zikSaNaphaMDanI rakama DIvIDanDa vaheMcatAM pahelAM saMdhane mokalI Apo. 5. saMgha jIta sahakArI pariSada, semInAra ane sabhAomAM pratinidhi ane prekSake mokale. 6. maMDaLInI racanA vakhate muzkelInA prazno aMge jillA saMghanI mulAkAta laI mArgadarzana meLave. nAnAlAla je. upAdhyAya | kapilabhAi TI. koTaDiyA upAdhyakSa mAnada maMtrI zatrubhAI DI. paTela adhyakSa. zrI girirAja sTIla sinDIkeTa Ayarna enDa sTIla maracanTasa saMta tukArAma reDa, karnAka baMdara, lekhaMDa bajAra, muMbaI-9 ha000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000, 30000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 darara0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ra karavAmAM 8 dhI sAbarakAMThA madhyastha sahakArI beMka lo. vaDI kacerI, hiMmatanagara zrI mahAlakSmI Aryana enDa brAsa phekaTarI presa roDa, bhAvanagara. vAsaNa banAvavAnA kArakhAnA mATe dareka kepesITIne pAvara presa banAvanAra sAmAnya mAnavInA Arthika utkarSa mATe lekazAhImAM sahakArI pravRtti sivAya bIjo koI vikalpa nathI. (2) sahakArI beMkamAM mukelI thApaNe sAmAnya mAnavInA Arthika utkarSa mATe ja vaparAya che. (3) thApaNa sahakArI beMkamAM ja mukavAno Agraha rAkhe. sAbarakAMThA jIllAmAM 39 zAkhAo dvArA rU. 12 kareDa uparAMtanI nANAkIya savalato ApatI phakta A ekaja mukhya beMka che. oIla mIlsa mATe dareka sAIjhanA phITara presa oIla pampa paranALanA e.. kara, opanaranA bITara seTa, zuM temaja dareka prakAranA sperapArTasa banAvanAra temaja dareka prakAranuM veDIMga kAma karI ApanAra. 2. ma. paTela menejara ge. 5. paTela ceramena 0000000 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0 Jain Education Intemational

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[31] kavivara ravIndranAtha TAgora bhArata bahAranI duniyAne gaNIsamI sadInA bhAratanA be agraNIo khAsa dhyAna kheMcatA jaNAyA mahAtmA gAMdhI ne vivara ravIndranAdha paranuM svIndranAtha kevaLa kavi ja nahotA. be paNa rAjanItijJa ne dezabhakta hatA. emanA dezabaMdhuo vizvanuM saMpUrNa nAgarikatva prApta karavA zaktimAna thAya e mATe temane banatI sahAya karI chUTavAnI temanI utkaTa icchAmAMthI peAtAnA dezakhandhuonuM kalyANu sAdhavA prayAseA karavAnI bhAvanA emanAmAM pragaTI rASTrIya svAtaMtra karatAM sAmAjIka sudhArA karavAnA rASTrIya AMdolanane emanA majabUta hAra sAMpaDayo virATa pravAsI tarIke e kadI thAkatA nahi. emanI praktigata pratiMgA ane jAtI sAthe vyatAe bhAratanA svAtya dahanane vizvano hamadI' prApta karI ApavA ghaNuM ghaNuM kA karyuM. amApa che. aa che. Amanya che. chatAM e dhULamAM ragadoLAI rahyo che, ane sadA jAgrata amara dhiratI emaNe oLakhANa karAvI ApI. IsvIsana 1072nA arasAmAM kanAjanA mAmAe gALanA mahArAja maMdiranI vividhI emanu yajJakAya vidhipUrvaka patAvavA pAMca prANA mokalI AvyA hatA. emanA agresara zrI bhaTTanArAyaNa hatA. kiva ravI-ndranAtha TAgeranA agiyAramI sadInA e vaDavA. kavinI janma tArIkha 6 me 1861 baMgALamAM e janmyA tyAre bhAratabharanAM baMgALa sauthI vadhAre pragatizIla prAMta hateA. ogaNIsamI sadInA AraMbhamAM agaLamAM rAjA rAmanaihanarAya nAme eka mahApuruSa thaI gayA. e ghaNA ja dIrghadRSTA ne vAkapaTu hatA. bhAratatra jIvananA pratyeka pAsAmAM prANa pUre evuM AMdolana amaNe AraMbhyuM peAtAnA deza andhu pragatine paMthe paDe te mATe emaNe mahApraya sA AdaryAM dhArmika sudhArA karavA prati emaNe pAtAnuM mukhya dhyAna kudrita karyu" eka hindu brAhmaNa tarIke petAnA dharmamAM peThenA sAthI e saMpUrNa mAhitagAra hatA ane esaDa saMpUrNa rIte nAbuda karavA e kaTibaddha thayA hatA. pahelAM ne pachI thayelA anya dhArmika sudhArako peThe hindu dharma mAM tirADa pADanAranI harAlamAM e parANe mUkAi gayA emaNe je navA khristIdhama, islAma dharma ne prAcIna hindu dharma mAMnA dhArmika sa'pradAyanI racanA karIe brahmo samAjanA nAme zahUra thaye tatvajJAtIya sAhityamAMthI uddAtta vicAro zeAdhI emaNe brahmo samAjanA pAyAmAM pUryAM. bhAratamAM saMskRta bhASAnA zabda 'kavi' sAmAnya rIte kAvya lekhaka mATe vaparAya 6, paraMtu enA sAcA artha karavA besIe te e zabdanA artha kevaLa kalpanA ne abhivyaktinI pracaMDa zaktie janmathI ja dhAraNa karanAra mAtra kAvyanA lekhaka yA sarjaka ja thato nathI. para Mtu eka dRSTA buddhane zANA puruSa thAya che. Ama ravindranAtha TAgora kevaLa kALya nA karanAra vyakti karatAM ghaNuM ghaNuM vadhAre hatA emanAmAM kalpanA ne abhivyaktinI agAdha zakti hatI. eTaluM ja nahiM paNa 'kavi' zabdano pUrNa mAM e kiva hatA, eka varSanI lAMbI vayamAM emaNe kAvyeA, gItA, nATako ane anya gadyakRtio racI e vAta sAcI parantu emanu jIvana ne emanA graMthA je sAcI ne uMDI chApa mUkI jAya che te emane kevaLatanI vicAraNAne AdarzonA rAma mehanarAye pAyA kiva ja manAvatI nathI paraMtu payagaMbara gaNAve che. A kalA-ema nirAMte kaDI zakAya nUtana bhAratIya saMskRtinA vikAsamAM hala bharyAM cimAM e ga'bhIra rodhaka AtmA hatA. satyanA budvizALIne kalArasika mAnavIomAM cetanA pragaTAvana ra dezanI cAlu amI varSA karI jagatamAM thApA zAnti bhAratIya vyaktimAM rAjA rAma mehatArthane prathama patimAM sthApanA e athAga parizrama kheDI rahyA hatA. emaNe khUba khuzIthI mUkI zakAya ravindranAtha TAgora emanA ziSyane paTanA karyAM aneka dezo ne aneka prajAonA emane mulA kAta lIdhI. emanAM jIvana ne tatvajJAnanA judAM judAM vividha pAsAonA uMDA abhyAsa karyAM. emanAM vividha anubhaveAne jIvana bharanA cittvanathI samRddha banAvyo ane peAtAnA zANu paNanI sa'pitta samaga jagatamAM vaheMcI dIdhI. ApaNA AtmA rAjakAraNa sAhityane saMsAra su rAnA kSetramAM emanA utsAha bhAratImAne peAtAnAmAM ne potAnA dezamAM rasa letA rasa letA karavAnA kAryamAM bhAre saDAya karI arvAcIna bhAra nAkhyA upAsaka hatA. ravIndranAthanuM kuTuMba rAjArAmamehanarAyanA gADha saMparkamAM AvyuM hatuM. rAma mehanarAyanA avasAna pachI emanuM AdareluM ne badhura rahevu kArya emanA ja atavAsI

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 549 ravIndranAthanA dAdAne saMpUrNa samartha sAhityakAra rAjakumAra bIjA moTAbhAI hatA. vilAyatamAM emane kAyadAne abhyAsa dvArakAnAtha TAgora upADI lIdhuM paraMtu kharuM jotAM te kavinA karavAnI IcchA hatI. paraMtu kAyadAnA abhyAsamAM emane bIla pitA zrI devendranAtha TAgore rAma meDanarAyanI dhArmika sudhA kula rasa paDe nahi eka varSa vilAyatamAM gALI e bhArata raNAne mUrta svarUpa ApyuM ema kahI zakAya emanA saMpUrNa pAchA pharyA. A samaye baMgALA eka jAgrata prAMta hato dharma, dhArmika svabhAvane pravRttionA pariNAme devedranAthane sAhitya ne rAjakAraNamAM vicAranA navA navA taraMgo uchaLI mahaSi nuM birUda ApavAmAM AvyuM. rahyA hatA. ravIndranAthe navI kalAne navAM dharaNo sthApavAnI ravindranAtha devendranAtha TAgoranA kaniSTha putra eTale A bhAvanAthI emAM praveza karyo bhUtakALanI asarathI e mUkta emanuM kuTuMbanA A emanA *sigaka pAva bhUmikA rAva te thaI ja cUkyA hatA paraMtu have ravIndranAtha prAcIna rUDhI nAthanA bAlyakALane uchera khUba ja kaDaka hatA paraMtu emane custa praNAlikAothI sAva alaga thaI gayA sAhitya zALAmAM abhyAsa sAthe mekalavAnA badhA ja prayatna niSphaLa pravRttimAM emaNe eka navA ja yugano AraMbha karyo. gayA. emanA janmajAne svataMtra mijAjane praNAlikA addha A paLe emanA graMthamAM thoDI ghaNI kacAza jarUra jaNAtI zistane zikSaNa zaMkhalA 35 nIyaDa mAnasika cittamAM ja hatI chatAM emAM cetanAnI cinagArI dRSTigocara thatI hatI. e vadhAre ne vadhAre rAcatA thayAM emanA nivAsa sthAnanI vadhu vikAsanA spaSTa saMdhANa paNa varatAtAM hatA. emanAM cAra divAle bahAranI duniyA sAthe emane kazo ja sabaMdha lakhANe spasTa hatA. prAraMbhIka kAvyonI saralatAe yuvAna rahyo nahi emanA maDAlayanI pharatA upavanamAM ja e disane perIne gheluM lagADayuM hatuM. baMgALI sAhitya vartAlamAM e meTo bhAga gALatA upavananuM naisargika saudarya nAnakaDA ravI- TUMka samayamAM ja ghaNuM AgaLa AvI gayA. zakitazALI rUDI ndranAthane khUba khUba AnaMda ApatuM evI emane gaMbhIra custa lekhake e emanI kaDaka TIkAo karavA mAMDI. paraMtu banavAnI preraNA maLI ane e kAcI vaye paNuM e sRSTine ethI te emanI sarjanAtmaka pravRttine khAruM protsAhana vyApela mehakatAne sama vayane khyAla karatA thaI gayA. gharamAM maLyuM. bAvIsame varSe emaNe eka kAvya graMtha pragaTa karyo. ja emane khAnagI zikSiNa ApavAnI vyavasthA karavAmAM :prabhAta saMgItaH A kAvyamAM jIvanane UlAsa taravare che. AvI hatI. TAgAra kuTuMba tyAre baMkALa bharamAM saMskArIne eka suMdara savAre A udhAsanI emane jhAMkhI thaI ane te pragatizIla kuTuMba lekhAtuM. e kuTuMbanA vaDA devedranAtha nUtana emanA kAvya zaktinA vikAsamAM prathama sImA cihna banI sa pradAyanA staMbha samevaDA hatA. dezanA khUNe khUNethI vidvAne rahI. AtmAne nisaga ne saudaya sAthe ekAkAra banAvatAM kavi emanI pAse AvatA. eTale ravindranAthane uchera ghaNAja je ulAsa nihALe che ne mANe che. tene uM' u9lAsa A saMskArI vAtAvaraNamAM thayo eTaluM ja nahi paga e ghaNA kAvyamAM daSTigocara thAya che. vizALa ne alaukika nisarga lekenA saMparka mAM AvyA emanA pitA avAra navAra paryaTane sRSTi sAthenA sAkSAtkAranI bhAvanAnI A bhedI dRSTi vadhAre jatA dharamAM emanI hAjarI ghaNI ja ochI rahetI e ne vadhAre spaSTa thatI gaI vaya vadhatAM e uMDI uttaratI gaI hImAlayalAM ghUmatA ekavAra emaNe ravindranAthane sAthe laI ne svastha banI. pariNAme emanA graMthamAM saMpUrNa sahRdayatA, javA IchA karI Ama pitAnA nikaTa saMpaka thI bAlaka ravindra saMpUrNatA ne samajane bhaMDAra bharI gai. ogaNIsamI sadInA nAthanA svabhAvanI rahasyamayI hamadarda zakitaone gherI banA- aMtakALe te kavi yauvananA pUrNa jemamAM jhulI rahyA. satata vavAnuM kArya thayuM pariNAme prAcIna bhAratIya zANapaNa e vikAsa pAmatI emanI zaktiomAM pUrA evAI gayA. kavitA zIkhatA ne samajatA thaI gayA. | nATaka ane navalakathA dvArA pitAnI virATa dRSTine mUrtimaMta emanA pitAnA savAsathI emanA mAnasa para upa- karavA lAgyA. niSadanI gherI chApa paDI. eTale sudhI ke bhaviSyamAM e upara niSadanA kavi banI gayA emanA vicAro ne graMtha para A A kALe baMgALI navacetanathI smRtimAna banI gayuM pavitra sAhityanuM joma jyAM tyAM varatAya che. ravindranAthanA hatuM. nUtana sAhityaka ane dhArmika AMdolana uparAMta rAjakIya meTA bhAIo paNa bhAre vidvAna hatA. emanA kuTuMbanI mahi jAgRtinA juvALathI vyavasthita rASTrIya cetanAnAM eMdhANa paNa lAo paNa vidUSI hatI. AthI bAlaka ravIndranAthane Atma- varatAI cUkyAM hatAM. baMgALAnI kaMgALa sAmAjIka ne Arthika vikAsa mATe hareka prakAra pretsAhana maLatuM rahyuM. emanI paristhiti paNa A mATe kAraNa bhUta hatI. aMgrejI bhASAnA kAvyapAMkho jarA paNa karamAI nahi. ravIndranAthe madhyakALanA madhyama dvArA pazcimanA deze aMgenuM jJAna paNa vadhI rahyuM tatvajJAnIonuM vizALa vAcana karyuM. bhAratanA vaiSNava kavio hatuM. tethI deza bharamAM rASTrIya bhAvanA jAgrata thavA pAmI hatI. e emanA para bhAre asara karI. baMgALanA e jamAnAnA ravIndranAthe paNa rAjakIya kSetramAM jhaMpalAvyuM. rASTrIya gIta urmigItakAre e paNa ravIndranAthanA dilane sparzI lIdhuM. kAvya ne nibaMdha lakhavA bevaDA jethI kalama calAvI. eka IsvIsana 1877 ne sapTembaranI vIsamI tArIkhe vAra eka hindu mahatsava prasaMge emaNe pravacana karyuM', emAM pahelI ja vAra e vilAyata javA ravAnA thayA. sAthe emanA emanI rAjakIya bhAvanAnuM jema ane emane Adarza Jain Education Intemational

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550 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 dezaprema daSTi gocara thAya che. A kevaLa madhuratA ja nathI. ne e kAryamAM vijaya varavAnI aNI para hatA tyAM e niSphaLa jalatI AganI garamI paNa che ethI kevaLa saMtoSa nathI gayA. eTale emaNe potAnI bolapuranI zALAmAM nivRttivAsa thatuM. jemAM paNa prApta thAya che. tamArAdardamaya avAjane bhale lIdhe, eka varSa sudhI zAMta samAdhimAM samaya gALe ane iMglenDanA loko sAMbhaLe yA na sAMbhaLe paraMtu ApaNe deza emAMthI eka AMtara rASTrIya vyakti tarIke bahAra AvyA. sadaiva ApaNo ja deza rahevAno che. ApaNA pUrvajo ne ApaNA vaMzajano e deza che ApaNAmAM hajI e prANapUre emaNe gItAMjali IglIzamAM utArI IMglenDa AvI - Dabalyu. bI. yIsTano saMparka sAdhya yIsTanA Amukha strota che; zakti Ape che. kalyANa sAdhe che.! IsvIsana 1912mAM bhAratIya saMsAyaTIe gItAMjali aMgreisvIsana 1806mAM baMgaLAnA bhAgalA karavAnI dara chamAM prasiddha karI. yIsTa jAte ghaNo ja bhAvanAzIstra tIvra khAsta AvI ne amalamAM paNa mUkAI tyAre rAjakIya AMdo- daSTine uMcI kalpanAvALe kavi hatA. emaNe potAnI gItAMlanamAM kaTokaTI sarajAI ravIndranAthe e AMdolanamAM saMpUrNa jalinI prastAvanAmAM enuM saMpUrNa mulyAMkana karyuM paNe jhukAvyuM pariNAme e gALAnA emanAM lakhANomAM rAjanItinAM darzana thAya che. A graMtha divasanA divase sudhI meM sAthe rAkhe hata relve TreInamAM huM e vAMcate basamAM paNa vAMcatA paraMtu IsvIsana 190nI sAla emanA jIvanamAM ati resTorAmAM paNa vAMcatA mane e keTale badhe pI jatA e mahatvanI banI rahI. tyAre emaNe bAlapuramAM potAnI zALA mAhitane khabara na paDI jAya te mATe ghaNIvAra huM ene zAntiniketana sthApI jANItA mazahUra baMgALI sAhityika chUpAvI dete A urmigIte jIvanabhara huM je jIvananAM zamaNA varmamAna patra "baMgadarzana'nAM e taMtrI nImAyA. baMgALAmAM jete e vizvanAM pitAnA vicAre dvArA darzana karAvatA hatAM ogaNIsamI sadInA mazahUra prakhara sAhityakAra zrI baMkIma- atyutama saMskRti pUrNa saralatAthI ghAsa uge che eTalI caMdra ceTarajI ekavAra enA taMtrI hatA. prAcIna bhAratanI saralatAthI e kavi radayamAMthI pragaTa thayuM che' tapavana zALAonI ghATI para eka sAMskRtika kendra jamAvavAno zrI ravIndranAthane belapuramAM zAntiniketana sthApavAmAM IsvIsana 1913mAM ravIndranAthane sAhitya mATenuM nobela mukhya hetu hate. e saMsthAnuM mukhya kArya zikSaNa pradAna InAma ApavAmAM AvyuM pachI te emanA para sanmAnanI hatuM. chatAMya tyAM dhIme dhIme AMtara rASTrIya saMskArakendra vRSTi ja thavA lAgI eja varSa kalakattA vidyApIThe emane vikAsa pAmaze evI temanI dhAraNA hatI. AvI zALAmAM e emane "DokaTara"nI mAnada padavI ApI IsvIsana 1914mAM pitAnA saMpUrNa vizva nAgarikatvanI bhAvanA mUrtimaMta karavA emane briTIza sarakAre "nAika" banAvyA ekasapharDa yuni mAgatA hatA. vizvamAM prakhara vidvAne te ghaNA che. paraMtu vasiTIe emane "DIlITa' padavIthI navA jyAM te aMge pUNa manuSya ochA che ema e mAnatA ne pUrNa mAnavane zAnti niketanamAM eka khAsa samAroha rAkhavAmAM AvyA. prakAzamAM AvA ja emaNe A saMsthAne AraMbha karyo hate IsvIsana 1919mAM paMjAbamAM amRtasarano hatyAkAMDa emanA uddabodhana pramANe prakhara vidvAna karatAM pUrNa mAnavanuM racAye. ravIndranAthe potAne khitAba vALe sanmAnanuM e sthAna anekhuM che. AgaLa che A AdhyAtmika valaNa emanA anarpaNa svIkAravAmAM na AvyuM. chatAM tyAra pachI e ane kAryamAM purI rIte spaSTa thAya che. ne temanA jIvananuM nuM padavIne emaNe kadIye Upayoga na karyo. mukhya kartavya banI rahe che. - IsvIsana 1921mAM emaNe bolapuramAM vidhabhAratInuM IsvIsana 1902mAM emanAM patnInuM avasAna thayuM. uddaghATana karyuM IsvIsana 1928mAM ekaspharDa yunivarsiTI ravIndranAthe pitAnI vividha vyavasthita pravRttiomAMthI nivRtta taraphathI "hIbarDa vyAkhyAna " ApavA emane AmaMtraNa maLyuM. lIdhI. pitAnA bALaka sAthe hImAlayamAM ekAntavAsa svI. parantu e bimAra paDI gayA ne e vyAkhyAne tyAre ApI kAryo. IsvIsana 1907thI 1912nAM varSone gALe emanI zakyA nahi. isvIsana 1931mAM e raziyA gayA. raziyana sAhitya pravRttithI dhamadhamI rahyo IsvIsana 1909mAM emanI lekanA jIvanane vicAraNAnI emanA para paDelI chApanA mazahura "gItAMjali" pragaTa thaI rAjakIya AMdolanane lIdhe AdhAre emaNe eka graMtha lakhe. brahmosamAje enuM agAunuM mahatva khoI nAkhyuM hatuM eTale IsvIsana 1910nI sAlamAM ravIndranAtha brahmosamAjanA puna- isvIsana 1941nA ogasTa mahinAnI sAtamI tArIkhe rahAranuM kAma karyuM brahmosamAjamAM moTI tirADa paDI hatI. emanuM avasAna thayuM vizvabharanA vicArakoe emane eka amuka saiddhAMtika ne sAmAjIka prazno paranA parasparanA vire- kavi, zikSaNa zAstrI mAnavatA vAdI kalAkAra, samAja sudhAraka dhAthI brahmosamAja traNa bhAgamAM vaheMcAI gaye hate ravIndra- ne tatvajJAnI tarIke bhAva bhArI aMjali AthI. zailInA nAthe A traNeya juthane samanvaya sAdhavAno prayAsa Adaryo zabdomAM kahIe te. saMskAranuM nAma ApavA vika, dhAraNA hatA. mAga . Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 551 kavi ananta amara ekano aMza che emane saeNmAM 8 .: darara0000000000000000000000000000000008 je vidyalekhA camake che enAthI camakyA vinA mazahUra lekha 8 kenA graMtha vAMcavA azakya che. kalpI na zakAya evI prera-4 NAnA kavio uddagAtA che jagatanA vaNa lakhyAH vaNu mAnyA che Tele. : 27492. kAnUnadAra che. me. naTavaralAla caMpalAla dhArIyA. maMjarapurA kharAdIzerI, surata-3 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 LAMO 20000000000000000000000000000000000 FABRICS. =00000000000000000 With Best Compliments From A Well Wisher menyuphekacararsa : phensI ArTIka kaletha ane "lAma" phebrakasanA spezIyAlIsTa, rararararara000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Te. phona : 332 645 % Gram : SAKHA. Phone : Office 1323698 324126 337769 Resi. (376308 manasukhalAla enDa bradharsa 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 zrI raNachoDa vRjalAla pArekha zA. naMdalAla gopALajInI ku. ramezacaMdra raNachoDadAsanI ku. sImenTa, yune, retI, kenjhITa ITa temaja sIlAyana brAnDa eIla peinTa kalara tathA telanA vepArI. 4. kuMbhAravADA, 3 jI galI, harIzcadra bIDIMga, gola devaLa pAse, muMbai-4 310, khAreka bajAra, muMbaI-9. Jain Education Intemational

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papara eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 OOOOCOOO00ccocoeeoo000000009cooeeoooo00ocoooooooooooooooooooooocooOOooooooocoooooooooo. so Tel No. 31951 Telegram : "Nutanmili" Kothari Decorators Mandap Decorators & Light Contractors INSIST ON OUR SPECIALITIS Coatings-Tussors Sucis- Prints Long Cloth ON HIRE Chairs, Sofa, Tables, Stages, Curtain, Carpe The Nutan Mills Limited AHMEDABAD-2. Ratan mahal, Station Road, Ghatkopar (West) Bombay-86. Coorococececececeosoooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 100000000-00000000009999999999999950000SS099999999999 OBOSCOOOOOOOOOOOOOO0O9cooeeooooooo0000 ROCOO00000 0000 Coocooo000000Oes.occeocooooooo0000000occecco 0000000000000000000000-00000000OODCOCO00000ccccccoccocececcooooooooooooooooococoscoocoecoeccccccSCOCCOCOCCOOC. Gram "ASHOKTIN" Byculla Office : 375631 Phone : 37696 Resi : 537382 With Best Compliments from Phones ( Office 315791 Telex 011-3431 Phones 1 Resi. 472845 Sharadbhai J. Shah Sumanlal Nimchand Importers Exporters, merchants & Agents Dealers in : IRON & TIN SHEETS CUTTINGS AND COMMISSION AGENTS Mulji Jetha Bulding No. 1 8, Champa Galli, Cross Lane, BOMBAY-2 Loliwala Buildin 181, UPPer Duncan Road, BOMBAY-8. ( B-C) b0000000CCO00000000ccooooooooooooooooooococcooooooooooooooooooococcococcoccossocooooo Jain Education Intemational

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[2] mohanadAsa karamacaMda gAMdhI mehamane bhAre A nI parIkSI para jIvana emane e ghera pAyA, paraMtu tyAMnuM gAMdhI kuTuMbe porabaMrathI rAjakoTa sthaLAMtara karyuM kabA gAMdhI vadhAre darzanIya marADa ne mahAna Atma rAjakeTa darabAramAM joDAyA. saMyama dAkhavatI mahAtmA gAMdhI karatAM ghaNI vyaktio avAcIna jagatanA phalaka para daSTi | tera varSanI vaye mohanadAsanuM lagna thayuM. emanA meTA gocara thaI che paraMtu ghaNu ochAe ApaNA bhAIne eka kAkAnA dIkarAnuM lagna paNa emanA lagna sAthe ja yuganA itihAsa para eTalI mahatvanI asara levAmAM AvyuM hatuM. eka varSanA khaMDita abhyAsa pachI epADI che sukalakaDI ekavaDuM zarIra netAgIrInA maNe mAdhyamika zALAmAM potAne abhyAsa AgaLa calAve. praNAlikAgata ochA guNo paraMtu spaSTa dRSTi mahA parANe theDuMka saMskRta zIkhyA eTale ya saMskRta zIkhane asIna zraddhA vaDe A camatkArI puruSe dalIta vAne emaNe prayAsa karyo tethI pachInA jIvanamAM te khuda rAjI prajAjanomAM AtmagauravanI bhAvanA pragaTAvI thayA. saMskRtanA eTalA alabhya abhyAse paNa emane hindu ane pitAnI svataMtratA mATe prayAsa karavA daDha zAstro vAMcavAmAM madada karI. tethI dareka bhAratIya bAlake saMskRta niradhAra karAvyuM. dakSiNa AphrikAnA AdivAsI hindI, phArasI ArabI ane aMgrejI zIkhI ja levuM joIe o mATenI emanI lAMbI laData ane pachI evI emanI dRDha mAnyatA baMdhAI emAnA pitAnA ja deza badhuonA karoDo tyAM emanA pitA bimAra paDayAne pathArI vaza thayA. haiyAmAM payagambara svarUpanI prAptiH emanI mehanadAsa emanI sAravAramAM khaDe page rahetA. pitAnA avarAjakIya kuzaLatA ane kAnUnI jJAne emanI sAnathI emane bhAre AghAta lAgyo. zraddhAne kriyAzIla banavI. sauthI ziramora samo vaDA emanAM ahiMsaka satyAgrahanA siddhAMte emane mehanadAse mekayulezananI parIkSA pasAra karI. bhAvamuka mazahUra banAvyA. sarvasva tyAga karI nagara nIzAmaLadAsa kelejamAM joDAyA. paraMtu tyAMnuM jIvana emane emaNe potAnuM samagra jIvana sevAyajJamAM vItAvyuM. mAphaka AvyuM nahi. e ghera pAchA pharyA. pachI kuTuMbanA eka emanI siddhi ajoDa na kahIe te paNa virala brAhmaNa mitre emane kAyadAno abhyAsa karavA vilAyata mokate hatI ja. rAjakIya kSetramAM eka dharmagurUnI lavA salAha ApI. ghaNI ja akaLAmaNu lehI ukALA pachI adAthI emaNe naitika jemane upagoga karyo. mehanadAse vilAyata javuM ema nakakI thayuM hindu jJAtimAM tethI bhAre uhApoha thaye. jJAtinA zeThe mehanadAsane jJAti gAMdhIH---eka vaNika kuTuMba. kAThyiAvADanA dezI rAjyo bahAra mUkayA. IsvIsana 1887nA sapTembara mahinAmAM teo nA rAjakiya jIvanamAM eNe aneka peDhIo sudhI mahatvanAM : muMbaIthI sTImaramAM besI upaDyA. tyAre emane ceDA mahi . sopAna sara karelAM mahAtmA gAMdhInA pitA kabAgAMdhI rAjakoTa nAne eka putra hate. ne vAMkAneranA dIvAna hatA. kabA gAMdhIne temanI cethI patnI laMDanamAM teo agraNI thIosIsTane maLyA. zrImatI thI thayelA sauthI nhAnA putrae mehanadAsa. enI bisanTanI paNa mulAkAta thaI. enI bisanTa ne meDama mehanadAsane janma tArIkha 2 okaTe bara 1869 nA bleTaskI tAjAM thiyesaphIsTa hatAM. enA saMparkathI mehanare ja janma sthAna porabaMdarasAta varSanI vayanA thayA tyAM dAsamAM hiMduonAM pavitra zAstromAM rasa jAge. atyAra sudhI mehanadAsa porabaMdara rahyA mehanadAsane uchera bIlakula sudhI emaNe khristI dharmanI upekSA karI hatI paraMtu have (dhamadha) rUDhI custa dhArmika vAtAvaraNamAM thayo hato. emanA temaNe enA tarapha paNa dhyAna ApyuM. 'girizaMga paranA prava cana' nI emanA dila para UMDI chApa paDI. burAIne badale matA dhArmika rUdhIonuM ghaNuM ja kaDaka rIte pAlana karatAM, karAvatAM. chatAM teo ghaNAM ja buddhizALI ane duniyAM dArIthI bhalAithI vALavo e vAta emane haiye vasI gaI. hinduvAkepha mahilA hatAM. emanA pitA zALAkIya jJAna jhAjhuM laI ' zAstromAMthI evA pramANe emaNe zodhavA mAMDyAM. zakyA na hatA paraMtu vyavasAyI jIvanAnA pariNAme temaNe | zrI nArAyaNa hemacaMdra sAthe e kAtinala menIMgane dhaNe bahoLo anubhava, vyavahAru jJAnane zANapaNuM prApta karyA maLyA. IsvIsana 1889mAM gedI kAmadAro e mazahUra haDahatAM. mohanadAsa zALAmAM jatA kharA paraMtu guNAkAra bhAgA- tAla pADI hatI. tenA prati kArDinala menIMge je satabhAva kAranAM kekanAM ja emane ghaNI ja muzkelI naDatI, pAchI dAkhavyuM hatuM e banne bhAratIyae vadhAvI lIdhe. brAhmaNa hi Jain Education Interational

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554 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 cAra varSamAM mohanadAse laDanane abhyAsa pUro karyo. tIyone thatA anyAne uMDo abhyAsa karI nAkhyo hate. berIsTara thaI bhArata pAchA pharyA. rAjakoTamAM vakIlAta zarU e viSaya para jAhera vyAkhyAno paNa ApyAM hatAM. DarabanamAM karI paraMtu kismate yArI ApI nahi. tyAM porabaMdaranI eka emanA mAnamAM eka vidAya samAraMbha yejanAmAM Avyo. vyApArI peDhIe emane AphrikA javA AmaMtraNa ApyuM che tyAM koIe nAtAlanuM chApuM emanA hAthamAM mUkayuM. nAtAla peDhIe dakSiNa AphrikAmAM eka zAkhA hatI. tyAM hajAro pAu- sarakAra bhAratiyanA matAdhikAra jhUMTavI levA mAgatI hatI nDane eka mahatvane mukaradane cAhate hate. e mehanadAse evA samAcAra emAM prasiddha thayA hatA mitroe mehanadAsane saMbhALavAne hate. dakSiNa AphrikAmAM rokAi javA ane A hilacAlanA virodha - IsvIsana 1893nA eprila mahinAmAM mohanadAsa eka na karavA Agraha karyo. varSa mATe dakSiNa AphrikA gayA ne vIsa varSa sudhI rokAI eja rAtre emaNe eka Avedana patra ghaDI kADhayuM. e gayA. nAtAlamAM paga mUkatAM ja A ta janaka banAvonI hAra- nAtAla dhArAsabhA samakSa raju karavAmAM AvyuM. dakSiNa AphrimALAnA pariNAme emanAmAM rAjakIya cetanA jAgrata thaI. kAmAM bhAratIyae rajU karyuM hoya evuM A paheluM ja saMsaatyAra sudhI emaNe raMgadveSane prazna kAThiyADanA eka aphasara dIya Avedana patra hatuM. tethI bhAratIya janatAmAM ane tarIke upara chale nihALyo hato paraMtu nAtAlamAM bhAratIya utsAha vyApe ene romerathI AvakAra maLe daza hajAra kema para vyaktigatane sAmuhika rIte ladAtAM rAjakIya ane sahI sAthenuM eka vinaMtipatra saMsthAnamatrI zrI lerDa rIpasAmAjika kaniSTa prakAranAM apamAne emane sarvatra jevA nane mokalI ApavAmAM AvyuM.. maLe. hanadAse have svadeza pAchA pharavA vicAra karyo dakSiNa AphrikA pahepa pachI bIje divase mehanadAsa parantu emanA sAthIdAroe tyAM rokAI javAne temanI saradArI DarabananA mejIsTreITanI adAlatamAM hAjara thayA. mejIsTreITa levA Agraha karyo e kabula thayA paraMtu ApavA mAMDeluM vetana ThIvAra emanI sAme tAkI rahyA emaNe mehanadAsane pAghaDI levA InkAra karyo chevaTe evuM nakakI thayuM ke bhAratIya peDhIutArI nAkhavA hukama karyo. pAghaDI utAravAne badale emaNe oe emanuM kAnUnI kAmakAja mohanadAsane sopavuM jethI adAlatane tyAga karyo. thoDA divasa pachI e TreInamAM priTo nirvAha mATe emane koInA para AdhAra rAkhavo na paDe. riyA javA upaDayA. A apamAnajanakane jokhamI musApharIe turata ja emaNe rAdhaLu vyavasthita karavAnuM kArya emane dakSiNa AphrikAmAM potAnA deza baMdhuonI bIlakula AraMbhI dIdhuM IsvIsana 1894mAM emaNe nAtAla bhAratIya hIna sAmAjIka dazAne saMpUrNa khyAla Ape. emanI pAse mahAsabhAnI sthApanA karI svacchatA arogya vasavATa ne phararTa kalAsanI TIkITa hatI. chatAM emane baLajabarIthI phasTa keLavaNInAM nAtAlanA bhAratIyonAM dharaNanA starane uMcu lAvavA kalAsanA DabbAmAMthI nIce utArI mUkavAmAM AvyA gADInA keI DabAmAM besavA na detA emane DrAIvara pAse bahAra besavA AMdolana zarU karyuM. pharaja pADavAmAM AvI. relve karmacArIoe emanA para IvIsana 1896mAM mehanadAsa cha mahinA mATe bhArata AkramaNa karyuM ne mAra paNa mAryo relave aphasaree emane AvyA A gALA daramiyAna emaNe nAtAlamAMnI paristhiti 'sAmI' kahI tucchakAryA. tyAMnA yuropiyane pratyeka bhAratIyane viSe aneka jAhera sabhAone saMbodhI eka pustikA paNa 'sAmI' kahI dhRNa dAkhavatA bhAratIyone teo 'kulI' paNa pragaTa karI. e bALA pracAra pAmI. kahetA. mohanadAsane paNa 'kulI' kahI temanuM apamAna karyuM. A pravRtinA samAcAra maLatAM nAtAna yuropiyanone je mukadamA mATe e AvyA hatA e priTerIyAnI roSa bhabhUkI uThaze uzkeraNI eTalI te uMcI kakSAe pahoMcI adAlatamAM laMbAte ja gaye. mehanadAsanA asIle muslIma ke TarabananA gerA vAsIoe gAMdhIjI je noMkAmAM Darabana hatA. eTale A gALAmAM emaNe pahelI ja vAra IlAma AvI rahyA hatA te naukAmAMthI mehanadAsa ane temanA kuTuMba dharmamAM rasa dAkhavyo emaNe kurAnanuM bhASAntara vAMcI kADhayuM bane temaja bIjI eka sTImaranA ADase bhAratIya utArUo A gALAmAM priTorIyAnA keTalAka khriratI saMpradAyanA agra ne DArabana baMdare utaravA ja na devAne makakama niradhAra karyo paNIo mehanadAsane khristI dharma aMgIkAra karAvavA prayAse sarakAre naukAone bAvIsa divasa sudhI " kArenTAina DemAM karI rahyA. Akhare mehanadAsanA aMgata prayAthI e mukara- rokI rAkhI. bhAratIya naukA kaMpanI banne sTImaro pAchI bhArata damanuM adAlata bahAra lavAdIthI samAdhAna thayuM. laI jAya e mATe banatA badhA ja prayAsa karavAmAM AvyA mehanadAsa bhArata pAchA vaLavA Darabana AvyA. e Akhare utAruone DarabanamAM utAryA vinA chUTake thaze priToriyA hatA e gALA daramiyAna dakSiNa AphrikAmAM bhAra- nahi mehanadAsane gorAoe gherI lIdhA. mAra mAryo pAlIsa Jain Education Intemational

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha papapa suprinTenDanAM patnI vacamAM na paDyAM hatA te emanuM tyAM hajAra bhAratIyae e kALA kAyadAne virodha zAntimaya mArgo khUna thaI jAta eja divase namatA pahere mehanadAsa je dvArA ja karavAnuM hatuM Ama bhAratIya satyAgrahanA zastra makAnamAM utaryA hatA. para tenA hale laI javAmAM AvyA ne udaya thayo paraMtu polIse chaTakuM goThavI emane bacAvI lIdhA. A navA AMdolanane mohanadAse kaI ja nAma ApyuM. mehanadAsanA jIvanamAM bIjo mahatvane prasaMga boara na hatuM enuM yogya nAma zedhI ApanArane khAsa InAma yuddha vakhate Avyo nAtAlamAMnA ghaNAkharA bhAratIya beara ApavAnI IMDiyana opinIyanamAM gheSaNa karavAmAM AvI. yuddhamAM briTIzarone madada karavAnI viruddha hatA. paraMtu dakSiNa "sadagraha" nAma zodhI kADhavA mATe maganalAla gAMdhI AphrikAnA bhAratI pitAne briTIza dhanajana kahAvatA baMdha ne InAma maLyuM. gAMdhIjIe emAM thaDe sudhAro karI thayA na hatA tyAM sudhI yuddhamAM briTIzane paDakhe rahevAnuM satyAgraha nAma ApyuM Ama eka mahAna AMdolanane janma temanuM kartavya hatuM. ema kahI mehanadAse emane manAvI lIdhA. tho. sAmrAjya pratyenI vaphAdArInI vAtamAM mehanadAsa pote paNa e divasa sudhI acala hatA. eTale temaNe eka tabIbI ekama kALA kAyadA viruddha AMdolanano AraMbha thayo. bhArata vyavasthita karyuM. maracA upara dArUgoLAnA varasAda vacce A maMtrI ane vasAhata maMtrIne maLavA eka pratinidhi maMDaLa ekama vIrakArya karyuM" gAMdhI pote haMmezA enI mokhare rahyA. laMDana mokalavAmAM AvyuM. mehanadAse tenI AgevAnI lIdhI pAchA vaLatAM derA AgaLa pratinidhi maMDaLane eka tAra - A yuddha pachI mehanadAse dakSiNa AphrikA choDayuM. mane kALo kAyadAnA maMjura karavAmAM Avaze. paraMtu jyAre muMbaImAM berIsTara tarIke dhaMdho karavAno AraMbha karyo paraMtu pratinidhi maMDaLa kepa TAuna pahoMcyuM tyAre temane mAhitI e thoDA mahinA ja cAlyo dakSiNa AphrikAnA bhAratIoe maLI ke TrAnsavAlane javAbadAra rAjyataMtra ApavAmAM AvyuM emane punaH pAchA vaLavA ne emanI laData AgaLa calAvavA hatuM e turatamAM ja amalamAM AvavAnuM hatuM ne tyAra pachI Agraha karyo. ane parAjya pachI TrAnsavAlamAM briTIza TrAnsavAla sarakAra game tevA kAnUna ghaDavA saramukhatyAra hatA. taMtra AvyuM ane e taMtra nIce te bhAratIyonI sthiti eTale kALe kAyado pasAra karavAmAM AvyA. ghaNuja cheDA ulaTI kaphoDI thaI agAunAM badhAM ja 2. breSanAM baMdhane bhAratIoe aMguThAnA nizAna ApyA dharapakaDo zarU thaI kaDaka banAvavAmAM AvyAM AvajA upara sakhata niyaMtraNa lAdha- mehanadAsane paNa giraphatAra karavAmAM AvyA chevaTe mehanadAse vAmAM AvyuM, nedhaNI ne paravAnanI paddhatti dAkhala karavAmAM janarala smaTasa sAthe samAdhAna karyuM. bhAratIyenI vadhumati AvI. mehanadAse bhAratIya phariyAdo rajU karatuM eka vartamAna verachA e aMguThAnA nizAna Ape to kALA kAyado rada yatra-I Diyana opiniyana" pragaTa karavA mAMDayuM. raskInanI karavAmAM Avaze. AthI mehanadAsanA sAthIomAMnA moTA ana Tu dha lAsTa' nAmanI copaDI vAMcI mehanadAse eka bhAgane kaDavo ghUMTaDo gaLe utAre paDe teo hatAza thayA bhAratIya kamI vela Duta sthApI hatI mAMthI e chApuM bahAra mohanadAse emano droha karyo hato evuM temane lAgyuM. keTapaDatuM gAMdhI Darabana najIka phinIkasamAM rahetA paraMtu have e lAkane te eTaluM badhu lAgI AvyuM hatuM ke temaNe zerImAM TrAnsavAlanA bhAratIyanA kendra sthAna johAnIsabarga rahevA gayA. mehanadAsa para humale karyo emane ghAyala karyA'. tyAM vaLI badhu baLo phATI nIkaLyo eTale mehanadAse janarala maTase potAnuM vacana pALyuM nahiM eTale potAnA kuTuMbane phinikasa mokalI ApyuM. te briTIzaro AMdolana punaH hAtha dharavAmAM AvyuM. ezIAvAsIone mATe eka tabIbI ekamanI AgevAnI lIdhI. jhulu dhAyala pravezabaMdhI pharamAvate na kAnUna pasAra karavAmAM Ave. kerI nI vacce ja emanI kAravAI cAlatI. anya koI emanI bhAratIya prajAjane para bIjo paNa eka vadhAre apamAna janaka sAravAra mATe vyavasthA na hatI eka mahine A ekame kaTake pa. dakSiNa AphrikAnI varISTa adAlate eka pheMsale prazaMsanIya kAma karyuM pachI ene vikherI nAkhavAmAM AvyuM. Avyo rajIsTrAre nodhelAM khistI lagno ja dakSiNa AphrikAmAM kAyadesara lagna lekhAze. bhAratIya prajAjane para eka bIju e vakhate TAsavAla sarakAra drAsavAlamAMnA bhAratI repa sAkta karI vaLyuM. mehanadAsanI AgevAnI nIce TrAnsa onI hilacAla para akuMza mUkavA noMdhaNI kAna ghaDavAnuM vAlanA bhAratIoe virodha parI jelavAsa vahorI lIdhe. vicArI rahyA hatA. dareka pukhta bhAratIyanA aMguThAnA nizAna tyAM nAtAlanA kolasAnI khANonA karArabaddha majUroe pharajIyAta lavAM evuM paNa karAvavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. haDatAla pADI emanA karAranI mudata pUrI thAya tyAre traNa - IsvIsana 1906 nA sapTembaramAM johAnIsabargamAM pAunDa Tekasa dareka majUre Apa evuM TharAravAmAM AvyuM bhAratIyenI eka tAkIdanI sabhA belavavAmAM AvI. traNa hatuM. tene temaNe virodha karyo. temanI paDakhe rahevA Jain Education Intemational

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maidAsa nAmAla gayA. to garIba abhaNu tAlImbonA moTA samUhanI temaNe TrAnsavAlamAM kUca yeAjI mAhanadAsa ane temanA sahAyakonI dharapakaDa karI. sohanadAsane bIjAthI chUTA pADavAmAM AvyA ane temane blema phonTananI jelamAM laI javAmAM AvyA. tyAM keTalAka urTala kAmadAro sivAya koI ja bhAratIonI vasatI nahotI. haDatAlIAonI samUhagata dharapakaDa karavAmAM AvI. mohanadAsanI asara nIce teoe zAntithI dhaDa vihArI lIdhI badhAne nAtAla pAchA dhakelI devAmAM AvyA. tyAM temane phaTakA mArI goLIbAra karI: khANeAmAM kAma karavA pharaja pADI A vartanathI bhAratamAM khUba ja roSanI lAgaNI phelAi. vAIsaroya lorDa hADI nyU kaDaka zabdomAM dakSiNa AphrikAnI sarakAranA A nRtyane vakhoDI kADhyuM. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 paraMtu zAntimaya satyArA AMdalananA pariNAme e licAlanA paNa vijayI anya AvyeA. 'mAtra gheDAka mahinA mAM A yuga jUnA trAsanA anna mAnyA.' para tu bhArata AvIne isvIsana 1916 1917mAM sAmrAjyanA bIjA bhAgAmAM karAra gaDha majurI lai javAnI prathA nAbuda karavA AMdolana upADayuM. sarakAra siddhAntamAM sahamata thaI teno koI amala karyo nahi mohanadAse bhAratanA prayAsa kheDayo khila bhAratIya AMdolana jagAvyuM. have polIsanI emanA 12 cAMpatI najara rahevA lAgI. AMdolana saphaLa thayuM. majurAne karArabaddha karI bhArata bahAra laI javAnI prathA nA kA. A saMgharSa dvArA emane bhAratanA meTAmAM meoTA prazna gAmaDAnI garIbAI ane pachAta dazA no sAkSAtkAra thayA. e divasathI kheDUtonI dazA sudhAravA vicAramAM enu dila vadhAre ne vadhAre rokAI rahe. janarala smaTasane namatuM mUkavAnI pharaja paDI. samAdhAna yu. * gAMdhI smaTo karAra thayA eka tapAsapaMca namavAmAMghaNAne ' Apyu. mohanadAsane nyane DI mUkavAmAM AvyA. 'InDicheDI yana rIlIpha ekata' pasAra karavAmAM Avyo bhAratIyonI mukhya phariyAdo dUra karavAmAM AvI. Ama mehanadAsanI jAhera kAravAInA prathama tabakkAnA vithI anta AvyA. pachIvAnA navA ca atyAranI tAkAta ne zakyatAonu'vizva samakSa prazana thayuM. pArka niSkula javA chatAM sarakAre mahesula vasula karavA ne kheDA jIllAmAM Agraha rAkhyA tethI mehanadAsanuM dhyAna caMpAraNyathI e bAju dorAyuM. e sagharSanA anta khUba sahAyakAraka na Avyo chatAM mohanadAsa have bhAratamAM paNa eka zita rUpa banI rahyA. dirayApAranA dezomAM lazkarI kAravAImAM DAlA bhAratIya svayaMsevakonI bharatI karavAnA kAryamAM TakA meLavavA viIisaraoNye dilhInI yuddha papadamAM mohanadAsa ne AmatraNuM Apyu, mehadAse Amatrajhu svIkAryuM. tethI mAtra yu. mAhanadAse e vAtane anumodana Apyu evu' ja niha paNa kheDA llAmAMthI bhara nA karavAnA kAryamAM AgevanI paNa lIdhI. emane jhAjhI saphaLatA maLe nahi ulaTu' maraDAnI bimArImAM paTakAI paDayA. meAhanadAsa iMglAnDa gayA. hajI e sAzaranI zara kheDI rahyA hatA. tyAM paheluM mahAna vizvayuddha phATI nIkaLyu iMglenDanI dharatI para mAunadAse paga mUkayA ke durasta ja brITanavAsI bhAratIo pAsethI eka ke emyulA ekama zurInuM karavA pAnagI mAgI ane meLavI paranuM tyAM. enA para * ghusI 'nA gaMbhIra humalo thayo. emane e kAma DI devuM paDyu DokaTaranI salAha mAnI e bhArata pachA pharyAM. * DerImAM gayA para trAsa gujAravAmAM AvatA hAvAthI dakSiNa AphrikAmAM gAMdhIjIe dUdha nahi pIvAnI pratijJA lIdhI hatI. eTale A bimArI daramiyAna emanAM patnI ane dAktare emane bArInu dUdha pIvA samanavyA. bimArImAMthI mukata thayA pachI paNa mohanadAse bakarInuM dUdha pIvAnuM cAlu rAkhyuM, paraMtu bakarInuM dUdha pIvAnuM cAlu rAkhyuM paraMtu khakadUdha pIvAmAM padma emane pratijJAbhaMga jevuM lAgata pachI rAtreTa ekaTa sAme prathama mahAna savAgaDha - lana calAvavAno prasaga upasthita thayA. paraMtu lokonA mighna ja kAbumAM rahyo nihaM satyAnA siddhAntonI sAthe virUddha jaI loko bhayaMkara dusa AdarI ze. paraMtu panaLamAM sarakAre dAlana viruddha damana nIti AdarI ke mAla hatA * jAhera karavAmAM Avyo muttasaranA jaliyAMna vAlA bAganA bhayaMkara hatyAkAMDa mAyo. maihanadAsane paMjAbamAM pravezabadhI karamAvavAmAM AvI gAMdhIjIe satyAgraha AMdolana baMdha karyuM. ghaNA sAthIo hatAza thayA. amRtasara hatyAkAMDe preTa briTana ane sAmAnya prati nI mehanadAsanIdiSTa sAva palaTI nAkhI. atyAra sudhI pachI mohanadAsa caMpAraNya gayA. tyAM gaLI UgADatAmahanadAsane aMgrejomAM vizvAsa hatA paraMtu have emane lAgyu kheDUta upara khUba ja julama gujAravAmAM AvatA hatA. tyAM ke agrejo bhAratanu aniSTa cAhe che. have bhArate sAmrAjyanA temane sarakAra ane jamInadAro taraphathI bhAre zatrubhAva dAdara ke bahAra svarAjya meLavyA sivAya chUTako ja nathI vo paDaze. ema temane lAgyuM.

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha papa7. mahinAmAM emanI sAthe sAthe thatA nivAraNa thIjIe lene vaLI hindu muslIma vaimanasya raheze te paNa bhArata (vAla parathI briTIza sarakAre eka goLamejI pariSada belAAdarza ne pahoMcI vaLI zakaze nahi ema paNa emane pratIti vavA nirNaya lIdho rASTrIya mahAsabhAnA movaDI tarIke gAMdhIthaI. eTale bane kema vaccenI tirADa saMdhAya e kAryamAM jIe brITIza sarakArane sApha jaNAvI dIdhuM ke rASTrIya mahAtemaNe dila parovyuM. muslImone temanA khilAphata AMdolanamAM sabhA goLamejI pariSadamAM bhAga nahi le. bhAratanI mAgaNIo sAtha Ape. alIbhAIone jelamAMthI cheDAvavA prayAse mAnya rAkhavAmAM nahi Ave te asakAranA AMdolanane AdaryA. A arasAmAM ja mehanadAse khAdI pravRtinuM kArya prAraMbha karavAmAM Avaze. vizALa pAyA para upADyuM. - IsvIsana 1930nA mArcamAM asahakAranA navA rASTrIya mahAsabhAmAM mohanadAse monTegyu cemsapharDa AMdolanane prAraMbha thaye e pahelAM gAMdhIjIe pite mIThAnA sudhArAne anumodana ApyuM paraMtu IsvIsana 1920nA eprila kAyadAno bhaMga karanAra che. evuM vAIsaroyane lakhI jaNAvyuM. mahinAmAM emaNe asahakAranA AMdolanane AraMbha karyo. mArcanI bAramI tArIkhe sAbaramatI AzramamAMthI emaNe svarAjayanA AMdolananI sAthe sAthe emaNe sAmAjIka sudhArA vikhyAta dAMDI kUca AdarI eMzI AzramavAsIo emanI sAthe mATe paNa pravRtti vegIlI banAvI. dArUbaMdhI aspRzyatA nivAraNa samudra kinAre javA joDAyA. padayAtrAmAM AvatAM gAmegAma ane videzI mAlanA bahISkAranI hAkala karI emaNe pote gAMdhIjIe lekene mIThAnA kAyadA viruddha satyAgraha karavA hAkala eka aspRzya kanyAne pitAnA kuTuMbamAM navavadhU tarIke svIkArI. karI. khAsa karIne gAmanA paTelane potAnI nokarImAMthI rAjI nAmuM ApI devAne sarakArI pratinidhitva tyAgI lokonI A badhI pravRttiomAM videzI kApaDano bahiSkAranuM paDakhe rahevA jaNAvyuM AMdolana vadhAre ugra banyuM prajA polIsa sAthe bhAre athaDAmaNamAM AvI. briTIza prinsa opha veilsa bhAratanI mulA A kuce ekalA bhAratamAM ja nahi paraMtu pUrapa ne kAte AvyA tyAre videzI kApaDanI Thera Thera maTI heLI praga * amerikAmAM bhAre rasa pedA karyo. dAMDI pahoMcatA mehanadAsanI TAvavAne kAryakrama jAyo. tyAre hiMsA phATI nIkaLI. muMba TukaDIne eka mahine lAgyo eprilanI chaThI tArIkhe gAMdhIInA hiMsAkAMDa pachI caurI caurAmAM hiMsAne khUnarejI phelAI. jIe dariyA kinAre mUDI mIThuM upADayuM ema mIThAnA kAyadA ne pratika rUpe bhaMga karyo. Ama navA asahakAra AMdolananI Ama satyAgrahanA siddhAntano chaDecoka bhaMga thato zarUAta karI. I mehanadAsane bhAre AghAta lAgyo. satyAgrahanI pUrepUrI tAlIma ApyA pahelAM emaNe satyAgrasanuM zastra prajAnA mahinAne ane mehanadAse dharAsaNa nA sarakArI agara hAthamAM mUkayuM temAM gaMbhIra bhUla thaI hatI. evuM temane para AkramaNa laI javAnI ghoSaNA karI. IsvIsana 1827nA rAjyakerI dhArA anusAra tArIkha pAMcamI me ne divase gAMdhI lAgyuM emaNe AMdolana pAchuM kheMcI lIdhuM pate sAbaramatI AzramamAM jaI upavAsa AdaryA. tyAM pahelI ja vAra bhAra jInI dharapakaDa karavAmAM AvI eTale mohanadAsa pAse AkramaNa tamAM emanI dharapakaDa thaI. laI jaI zakyA nahi keIpaNa prakAra no mukadamo calAvyA sivAya mehanadAsane jelamAM nAkhavAmAM AvyA. amadAvAdamAM emane mukadamo alyo emAM satyAgraha AMdolana ane pitAnA bacAvamAM emaNe mahAna pravacana dharapakaDanA pariNAme bhAratanA tamAma agragaNya zahero mAM sakhate haDatAla paDI. chevaTe gAMdhI IravIna karArathI samAdhAna karyuM nyAyamUrtie emanA hetunI pavitratAno svIkAra karyo karavAmAM AvyuM. isaroye damana pAchuM kheMcI lIdhuM gAMdhIe paraMtu kAyadAnI uparavaTa na jai zakavAne kAraNe emane che ? varSa jelanI sajA karI. emane pUnA najIka yaravaDA jelamAM paNa potAnuM AMdolana pAchuM khecyuM. mokalI ApavAmAM AvyA. tyAM temaNe isvIsana 1924 sudhI cha mahinA pachI mehanadAse bIjI geLamejI pariSadamAM jelavAsa bhogavyo tyAM e gaMbhIra bimArImAM paTakAI paDyA. hAjarI ApI. rASTrIya mahAsabhAnA pratinidhi tarIke e gayA emane pUnA hospITalamAM khaseDavAmAM AvyA tyAM epenDIsa hatA chatAM kAMI bhalivAra Avyo nahi. bhAratamAM puna; tephAne nuM oparezana karavAmAM AvyuM. hospITalamAM je mAyALutA zarU thayAM gAMdhIjIe karelA samAdhAnano bhaMga karavAmAM AvyuM bharI sAravAra emane ApavAmAM AvI te badala emaNe bhAre "eDinansala" damanane karaDe vIMjhI rahyo. katajJatA dAkhavI. bimArImAMthI pUrA sajA paNa thAya nahAtA bhArata pAchA pharyA bAda muMbaInI mehanadAse vAIsaroya tyA dilhInA bhAre upavAsa AdaryA vadhatI jatI hindu che. jatA hi6 leDa vilInDananI mulAkAta mAgI vATAghATathI jhaghaDo patAvavA maslIma saMgadilI nivAravA temaNe A upAya ajamAvyo. ne emano IrAde hatA. gAMdhIjI ane IsaroyanA sekreTarI IsvIsana 1907 mAM sAyamana kamIzana nImavAmAM vacce saMkhyA baMdha tAranI Apale thaI. paratu veIsaroya AvyuM. bhAratabharamAM ene bahiSkAra karavAmAM Avyo enA nilepa rahyA chelle tAra pAThavyA pachI bIje ja divase ho Jain Education Intemational

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558 gAMdhIjInI dharapakaDa karavAmAM AvI tAranI Apale thatI hatI tyAra pahelAMnA dharapakaDanA hukama chUTI gayo hato evI mubai mAM AhayA hatI. pharIthI gAMdhIjIne yaravaDA jelamAM lai javAmAM Avye mukaradameA calAvyA vinA emane jelavAsa ApavAmAM AvyA. dharapakaDathI cArmara vidhavaTALa uDayA satyAgrahanuM AMdolana comera prasarI gayu, gAMdhIjI svana"tra DAya tenA karatA jelamAM hoya tyAre emanA vadhAre prabhAva paDato e jalada zakti banI jatAM eja varSamAM achUto mATe emaNe jainanu sarvotama pagaluM bhayu" rAmase mekaDonalDe ApelA komI pheMsalo rada karavAnA emaNe mRtyu paryantanA upavAsa bAda. A upavAsa sala thayA mahAtmAnu' jIvana bacAvavA koI pazu upAye samajutI para AvavA sa vaganA bhAratIoe AkAza pAtALa eka karyA. pirANe nA karAra astitvamAM AvyA. gAMdhIjIne mukta karavAmAM AAgyA. vaLI pAchA sura damA calAvyA vinA emane jelamAM mekalI ApyA harijanane uddhAra mATe jelamAM rahI pravRti calAvavA devA pUratI sagavaDa na ApavAne kAraNe e pharIthI upavAsa para utaryAM. emane pharIthI hoDI mUkavAmAM AvyA. pachI pUnA pariSadamAM hAjarI ApI. sAvatrika asahakAra AMdolana baMdha AvyuM. paraMtu vyaktigata satyAgraha karavAMnA huka gAMdhIjIe peAtAne mATe anAmata rAkhyA. emaNe karavAmAM emane phIpI pakaDavAmAM AvyA isvIsana 1933nA egaSTamAM emane punaH cheDavAmAM AvyA satya khAtara emaNe punaH khUba hastAla pADI hatI. pachI mohanadAse potAnu dila kevaLa harijana pravRtiomAM ja pahoMcyu isvIsana 1994mAM ja emaNe rASTrIya mahAsabhAnA mAvaDIee salAha sUcanA ApavAnuM svIkA". parantu ceThAja mahinAmAM emanI rAja kIya pravRtine doratI nIti anusira na zakatArane akaLAmaNu thAya che evuM emane lAgyu tethI emaNe rASTrIya mahAsabhAnA sabhya padane paNa tyAga karyAM chatAM e rASTrIya mahAsabhAnA sa svIkRta AcAya teA rahyA ja dArubaMdhI grAmoddhAra hari na dhAra vagere praznomAM emanA abhiprAyo prAMtika sakAra mAthe caDAvatI karI. IsvIsana 1938 haripurAmAM rASTIya mahArAbAnu adhivezana maLavAnuM hatuM tevAmAM rAjakIya kedIone eka sAmaTA choDI devAnA prazna para bihAra ane Utara pradesanAM maLee AyudhAryo rAjInAmAM ApyA gAMdhIe vAIsarAya pura caMnattI patra mAkanyA pariNAme pratyeka kedInA prazna vyakigata rIte tapAsavAnI pradhAnone sattA maLI. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 have hindu muslIma vaccenI tirADa paheALI thaI rahI hatI jInnAha sAthe vATAghATo karI gAMdhIjIe e praznano vATAghATothI ukela lAvavA prayAsa karyAM parantu muslIma lIganA adhyakSa hAthenI e vATAghATo Akhare tUTI paDI. isvIsana 1939mAM gAMdhIjha bhAratIya rAjkIya maMca para punaH kendra bindu banI rahyA tripurImAM rASTIya mahAsabhAnu adhivezana maLyu tenA gheADA samaya pahelAM e punaH upavAsa para unAM rAjakoTanA rAjavI ane rAjakoTanA ApaNI khA vacce rAjyamAM svAyatatA arpavA aMge jhaghaDo cAlatA hatA rAjavIe karArabhaMga karyo hato tethI gAMdhIjI e upavAsa bharyA hatA A upavAsamAM gAMdhIjInI tabiMdhata kaTokaTI kA tabakake pahoMcI vAIsarAye A saMgharSa no niveDo ANuvAtu kAryuM te vakhatenA varISDa adAlata / vaDA nyAyamUrti mAIkala mArIsa khAyarane soMpyune mohanadAsane upavAsa cheADI devA samajAvyA. gAMdhIjIe badhA ja brITaneAne ahiMsAnI rIta akhapAra karavA hAkala karI. bIna vizva yuddhanA saMcAlana aMge rASTrIya maDAsabhAnA sabhyo game te pracAra karavA chUTa ApavAnI mAgaNI karI turata ja ahiMsaka asahukAranuM AMdrelana zarU karavAmAM AvyuM prathama vyaktigata asakArathI mAMDI AMdolana sAtraka banI gayuM. e gALA daramI / paccIsa hAra rASTrIya mahAsabhAvAdIoe jelavAsa svIkArya IsvIsana 14nA augasTanI navamI tArIkhe hiMda cheDo nA karAya rASTrIya mahAsabhA e pasAra karyo. tethI mehanadAsa ane rASTrIya mahAsabhAnA sabhyonI eka sAmaTI dharapaka karavAmAM AvI. A vakhate mehanadAsane pUnAnA AgAkhAna mahelamAM rAkhavAmAM AvyA jyAre rASTrIya mahAsabhAnI kArTakhArI samitinA badhA ja sabhyAne ahamadanagaranA killAnI jelamAM meksI ApavAmAM AvyA. daravIsana 1944nA phebruArInI dazamI tArIkhe gAMdhI jIe zakti mujabanA upavAsa punaH zarU karyA satyAgrahI deha damananA naitika muddA para A upavAsa AdaravAmAM AvyA hatA. pravAsanA bIjA aThavADiyAmAM gAMdhIjInI cita bhAre cintA karAvI. A kaTokaTInI paLe vAisaroyanI kAunsIlanA traNa abhyAe rAjInAmAM ApyAM. trIjI mArce pa vArano anya Avyo. tArIkha 22 phebruArI 1944nA rAja zrImatI kasturabA gAMdhInuM jelavAsamAM ja avasAna thayuM. gAMdhIjInI dharapakaDa pachI bhArata bharamAM sarakAra viredhI caLavaLa vyApI gaI hata. A AMdolana lAMbu cAlyuM, yuddha prayAso paNa e bhAre sara paDI. janani paNa pachI thai. dvArA bhAratImAe jalA bharI dIdhI. gAMdhIjIe jela visamAMthI vAIsaroya ke patra vyavahAra calAvyA. sarakAranI

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 59 damananIti viruddha sakhata vAMdho uThAvyo. paraMtu sarakAra gera karI devA prastAva mUkayo pariNAme muslIma vadhu paDadALA prAMte kAnanI pravRttio na bhAvI laI zake nahi e uttara maLe. mAM muslIma lIga rAjataMtra saMbhALatI nahotI tyAM sattAnI hoDa jAmI. tyAM gAMdhIjI kAtila meleriyAmAM sapaDAyA. emane jela mAMthI mukta karavAmAM AvyA. alaga muslIma rAjyanI muslIma pUrva baMgALAmAM kalpI na hoya evI hiMsA phATI lIganI mAgaNI aMge e jInnAhane maLyA. rASTrIya mahAsabhA nIkaLI. pachI bihAra paMjAba ne sarahadI vAyavya prAM-temAM nA sabhyone anya agraNIo ne paNa AmaMtraNa ApavAmAM aMdhAdhuMdhI phelAI AvyAM. paraMtu kamI pramANunA muddA para pariSada paDI bhAMgI. gAMdhIjIe pariSadamAM sakriya bhAga levA InkAra karyo. Isa gAMdhIjI dilhImAM beThA beThA rASTrIya mahAsabhAne salAha roya ne badhA ja pakSonA e salAhakAra banI rahyA. ApI rahyA hatA. e dihI cheDI pUrva baMgALa gayA. gAmanA padayAtrA AdarI hiMsAthI trAhya pokArI gayelI AmajanatAmAM e gALAmAM greITa briTanamAM paNa sattA palaTo thayo vizvAsa pedA karavA mathI rahyA paraspara vizvAsa ne sadabhAva majUra pakSa sattA para AvyA. navA vaDA pradhAna eTalIe keLA keLavavA samajAvI rahyA. tyAMthI e bihAra paNa gayA. pArlAmenTamAM SaNA karI. bhAratIya svataMtratAno prazna have takarArI muddo rahyo nathI. bhArata potAnuM AgavuM be dhAraNa sattApalaTa ane bhArata pAkIstAnanI racanAnA gALA ghaDI kADhe emAM kITana madada. "vaNa sabhyonuM baneluM priTIza darimiyAna gAMdhIjI te hiMsAthI gherAyelA prAMtomAM pravAsa ja kebIneTa mIzana bhArata AvyuM. lAMbI carcAo cAlI. bhAra karatA ne zAnti ne zubhecchA payagAma ja pahoMcADatA rahRA. tIya pakSo ekamata thaI zakayA nahi. eTale brITIza mIzane pitAnI tamAma zaktio deza bAMdhavAne kalyANamAM kharacI pitAnI samAdhAnanI darakhAsto jAhera karI. bhAratane sahAya rahyA. karavA brITIza je sahRdaya ne pramANika prayAsa karyA tene gAMdhIjIe vadhAvI lIdhA. svataMtra bhAratanI potAnI matvAkAMkSA phaLIbhUta thayelI jovA e jIvyA paraMtu IsvIsana 1947mAM bhAratanA bhAgalA maklIma lIge brITIza pejanane prathama bahAlI ApI. payA tethI hindu muslIma vaimanasya ekadama vadhI gayuM. IsvI rASTrIya mahAsabhA e lAMbA gALAnI yejanA maMjura rAkhI paraMtu 14tu sana 1948 mAM paNa potAnI mAtRbhUmimAM zAnti sthApavAnA voIsayanI darakhAsto uparanI vacagALAnI yojanA phagAvI prayAsamAM punaH upavAsa para utaryA. pAMca ja divasamAM e dIdhI ane pachI muralAmalIne ane yojanAo phagAvI dIdhI. upavAsane anna Avyo lekee chUTakArAne dama kheMcyo tyAM jane sIdhuM AMdolana calAvavA dhamakI ApI. IsvIsana 1948nA jAnyuArInI ogaNatrIsamI tArIkhe IsvIsana 194 nA phebruArInI vosamI tArIkhe mahAtmA gAMdhI prArthanA sabhAmAM hAjarI ApavA jaI rahyA briTIza sarakAre bhArata choDavAne potAno nirNaya jAhera karyo. hatA tyAre eka dharmAnta hindue goLIbAra karI emanI pitAnI hakumata prAMtane ane anya adhikArIone suprata hatyA karI. khAdI grAmodyoga kamizana pramANita kAma nirmANa samAja - mahuvA saMcAlita ja khAdI grAmodyoga bhaMDAra para mahuvA (saurASTra ) na A saMsthA khAdI ane grAma udyoganA utpAdana vecANa dvArA pa50 kuTuone rojI purI pADe che. ja khAdIkAma gharabeThA ne bIjA kAma saMbhALatA thAya che, e ghaNuM ja mAnabhera kAma che. emAM zIlarakSA, gRharakSA ane mAtR pratiSThA rahelI che. * "jyAM sudhI bhAratanA soLa varSathI uparanA dareka taMdurasta strI purUSane mATe potAnA khetaramAM, jhUMpaDAmAM ke kArakhAnAmAM pUrNa rojI ApavAne kaI uttama upAya na maLI zake tyAM sudhI lAkho grAmavAsIone mATe khAdI grAmodyoga e ja ekamAtra yejanA hoI zake" - gAMdhIjI hasamukharAya mahetA DolararAya vasAvaDA IbrAhIma kalANIyA saMcAlaka mAnada maMtrI pramukha Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAstIya asmitA bhAga-2 Telegram : 'SAGAR Tel. : 24620 Telephon: 66775 & 65555 Telex : 012-334 Mohanlal Prahbudas & Co. FOR ANY TYPE OF LIAISON BUSINESS AT AHMEDABAD OR FOR YOUR SALES PROMOTION IN GUJARAT CONTACT. 496, Reid, Road AHMEDABAD-2. aNdi.000cceere000000ccecoece00000eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeen M/s. Sagar Agencies (P) Ltd., MAIN STOCKISTS OF : All Sorts of Iron & Steel Bars, Shafting, Ball Bearings, Pedestals, Beltings, Hose Pipes Pulleys etc. All sorts of lion & Steel Bars, Shafting, Ball *Firdos', B.-Mehta Road, Shabibaug, AHMEDABAD-4. mohanalAla prabhudAsa enDa kAM. 6$, ils R13, 24H61916-. 000000000OCOCO00000000ce000000000OCOOOO 200oCOO00000000oCOO0000000000000000000OCOD Call on : 326745 Gram : AYURVED 319 396 Tel. : 475257 327449 N. B. Steel Corporation Jadavji Lallubhai & Co. M. S. BRIGHT SHAFTING, (ENIA) FREE CUTTING & TOOL & ALLOY STEEL, BOILERS STEAMLSS OF E. R. W. TUBER. roevDCOOCOS0Coccoco.co..000000000-000000000000000 EXPORTERS, IMPORTERS & DEALERS OF AYURVEDIC UNANI & ALL KINLS OF BOTANICAL CRUDE DRUGS, GUMS & SPICES. H. B. SHAH 245, Kalbadevi Road, BOMBAY-2. (BR) 162, Nagdevi Street, BOMBAY-3. 112IIRI Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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bhAratanI citrakalAno aitihAsika paricaya zrI nottama palANa 1 uddaghATana : jIvananI suvidhA vadhAravA mAMDI samayanAM vItavA sAthe, padArtho ane bhAvane vyakta karavAnI zakti kalA paNa teNe vikasAvI. mAnavInA mukhamAM jyAre vANIne ya janma thayo ne zilAo ane parvatanI khINamAM rekhAcitro banavA lAgyA; hato tyAre enA hAthamAM paththaranI caTTAne upara rekhAMkano prakRtinuM anukaraNa, zikArI jIvananAM citro ane 'huM gharamAM dorelAM che, e AdikALanI AkRtie 'citra' ane 'lipi' chuM ? "huM bahAra jAuM chuM' evA arthane rekhAMkane enA bannenI janmadAtA che. AvI AkRtimAMthI kramaza: manu- jADA hANathI bhadadAM rUpamAM citraNa pAmyAM. prakRtinA anukaraNa khya kRti, paMkhI, pazu ane vRkSamAM je rekhAo vikasita thai sAthe sva jAtanA citromAM svayaMsujananI prAthamika zarUAta te citrakalA tarIke ane kakha-zamAM pariNita thaI te lipi" paNa cheka A samayathI joI zakAya che. siMdhu khINanI sabhyatarIke svataMtra svarUpe pAmI. lekhana ane Alekhane evA tAmAM, je have gujarAta uttara pradeza, madhya pradeza vagere zabdo paNa lipi ane citrakalA enAM mULamAM eka hovAnuM bhAgamAM paNa prApta thaI che tenAM, kalAne aneka kSetramAM sUcavI jAya che. Ama lalitakalA bhAmAM sauthI pahele janma vikAsa thayela che. bhavana nirmANa, mUti kalA ane prApta citrakalAno thayela che. pAchaLanA kalAmImAMsakoe 'mAdhyama' vAsaNa uparanuM raMgIna citrakAma sAre e vikAsa sUcave nI daSTie saMgIta ane kALA karatAM citrakalAne utaratI kalA che. koI paNa kAraNasara A sinthasabhyatAne tibhAva thaye kaDI paNa 8 mAdhyama"nI duTie UbhA thayelA A khyAle paNa te samayanAM, tenI samakAlIna bIjI alaga vasAhatanA 'kalA ne siddha karavAmAM kalAnA 'uttamane siddha karavAmAM kAma- ane sidhasabhyatA pavenA avazeSo hAla prakAzamAM AvatAM yAba nivaDI zake tevA nathI. keI paNa kaMlAmAM 'zreSThakalA jAya che ane citrakalAnA mULa ghaNu ja UMDA samayamAM hovAnuM kaI te mAtra "mAdhyamane kAraNe siddha na thaI zake tevI prApta banyuM che. bAbata che. mAdhyama dhUla hoya ke sUkama emAM rajU thayelI kalA "kalAtvane pAmI che ke nahi te eka ja kaseTI kalAnA bIjI sapTembara tetaranA "nirIkSaka" mujaba ujajenanI uraca ke nigna sthAnane darzAvI zake. A kaTInI buniyAda vikrama vizvavidyAlayanA purAvida ane guphAcitra niSNAta zrI mAnavInI rUci che, ane sarjaka bhAvakanI bhi-1 rUci paratve vI. esa. vANukaranA prayatna thI 450 jeTalI citrita guphAo kaI paNa kalA zreSTha hoya zake che. prApta thaI. A guphAo madhyapradezanA bhopAlathI trIza mAila | dara vidhyAcaLanI parvatamALAomAM AvelI che. ahIMthI " viSNudharmottara ' nAM 44 vitranA kahIne citra prApta badhAM citra prAgaitihAsika yuganAM che. zrI vAkaNakara kahAna gaurava kare che ane bhAratIya citrakalAne etihAsika mAne che ke "bhIma beTakA" ( sthaLanuM nAma nAM A citra draSTie paricaya meLavatAM emAM raheluM aucitya paNa Atma- A tattarathI daza hajAra varSa jeTalAM prAcIna che ane bhinna sAta thAya che. jagatamAM prApta sauthI prAcIna avaze citra bhinna guphAomAM A citra paraMparA hajAra varSa sudhI cAlelI kalAnA che, tema citrakalAnI sauthI vizeSa pravRtti bhAratamAM mAluma paDe che. A citromAM prakRtinuM anukaraNa, geMDA jevA thayelI hoya "kalAomAM citrakalA uttama che" e vacane jaMgalI prANIonA rekhAMkane ane mAnava AkRti jovA maLe bhAratapUratA anya rIte paNa siddhAMta jaNAya che. che. citramAM sapheda, jAMbuDiye, rAte, badAmI ane A che 2 aitihAsika krama : nAraMgI ATalA raMge vaparAyelA che. jagatanAM bIjA deze jevAMke spena, phrAnsa, uttara AphrikA ane osTreliyAthI prApta A prazna haju vi.vAdagrasta che ke pRthvI upara manuSyanI ? - sauthI prAcIna citranI haroLamAM mUkI zakAya tevAM A guphAprathama u1 kayAM ane kayAre thaI ghaNA vidvAne evuM mAne - citra bhAratamAM sauthI prathama ja prakAzamAM Adhe che.' che ke bhArata manuSyanI hastInuM sarvaprathama sthAna che. ahIMthI ja mANasa jAtie potAnI jIvana lIlAne AraMbha karyo. Adi mAnavInI vasAhatanA aneka avaze bhAratanA bhinna bhAratIya citrakalAnA vizeSajJa zrI rAmakRSNadAsa ja bhinna bhAgomAMthI prApta banyA che. saghana vRkSenI chAyAmAM zaraNa zodhatA A manuSya hajAro varSa pachI parvatata ke nadInI veda (1-45)mAM cAmaDA upara banelA agninA citrane kaMdarAomAM rahevA lAgyo. cakamakathI agni utpanna karI teNe che. raseza jamInadAranA lekhane AdhAre. nirIkSaka: 2-9-73 Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 ullekha kare che. lagabhaga samagra vaidika yugamAM saMgIta, kAvya, rAjakIya itihAsa mujaba khaMDavAra citrakalAne joIe nRtya, citra vagere sarva kalAo mATe "zipa' zabda vapa- te mauryayugamAM sthApatya ane zilpakalAnI tulanAmAM citrarAyela che. "kauSItakI brAhmaNa' (29-5 )mAM "zi95" zabda kalA vikAsa maMda jaNAya che. takSazilA jevI vidyApIThomAM nIce citrane ullekha thayela che. I. sa. pUrve pAMcanI citrakalAnuM zikSaNa apAtuM hatuM, vAsaNa upara eka jAtane AsapAsa thayalo pANinI, yajJazAlAonA dvAra para senAnI caLakate raMga caDAvavAmAM AvatuM hatuM tathA eka rAjA bIjA rekhAothI dorelI devI AkRtione " pratikRti" tarIke rAjAne bheTa tarIke 'citraphalaka' ( Alabama ) ekalate hate. ullekha kare che. "kaThopaniSada'nA bIjA khaMDamAM bahmanA raha- mauryayuga vize prApta AvA ullekha chatAM zrI vAcaspati syamaya rUpanuM varNana karatAM 'AkArane dharma pratibiMbita geralA kahe che temaH maurya yuganI citrakalAnI koI spaSTa thavAne che." chaMdamAM ane chAyAmAM te pratibiMbita thAya che kalAkRti Aje vilabdha nathI paNa udayagirinI guphAomAM evA vidhAnamAM kAvya ane citra vize saMketa hovAnuM ardhazilpa Relief work sAthe raMganI jhalaka paNa jovA samajAya che "rAmAyaNa ane mahAbhArata" spaSTa rUpamAM maLe che" mauyuganA vizeSa batAve che ke te samaye mahele mitrakalAno ullekha kare che. rAvaNanuM puSpaka vimAna Azcarya ane makAnanI bhIMta upara citra karavAnI lokapriya praNAlikA zakti karI nAkhe tevA citrethI ati hatuM. kakSAno vela ane hatI. mauryakAlathI jenI zarUAta thayelI manAya che te ajaMTA baTAnA citrothI zaNagArelA hatA. sItA-rodhI arthe hanumAna guphAsamUhamAM, mauryanA aMNakALe dakSiNamAM ubhA thayelA zaga laMkAmAM praveze che tyAre citrothI susaja rAvaNanI 'citrazAlA" rAjA puSyamitre ardhacatra banAvyA hovAnuM manAya che. temanA jovAmAM Ave che. rAjamahele citrothI suzobhita che ajaMTAnI gAkAlIna guphAomAM jovA maLatI sAmagrI A tema vAlI ane rAvaNanA zaba laI javA mATenI pAlakhIo samayanI che. "bhAratIya citrakalA' nAmane prakhyAta graMtha lakhanAra paNa citra kAra pAmelI suMdara che! rAvaNane yuddhamaMtrI vidha zrI vAcaspati pRH 101 upara lakhe che ke "prAkRta bhASAnI jijatra mahAna citrakAra paNa che. taraMgavatI' nAmanI kRti citra-pradarzanIne ullekha Ape che. 'mahA bhArata" citra zAstranI rItasaranI carcA Ape kuzANarAjA kaniSka kalApIpAlU rAjA hatA. khAsa karI che, temAM ( 3-213-13) satyavAna bhIMta upara hAthIonA ne bauddha-mUtinuM nirmANa, trimakakSAe tenI preraNAthI thavA citra banAve che "sabhAparva " yudhiSThiranI sabhAnuM rocaka lAgyAnuM manAya che. A samaye takSazilAmAM ubhI thayelI varNana kare che tyAM sthApatyanI sAthe mitra kalAne paNa ullekha gAMdhAra-kalAe mUrtionI sAthe ardha citrakArInI paNa zarUche. mahAkavi kAlidAsa ane bhavabhUti potAnA lalita vADamayamAM Ata karelI che. ghaNA vidvAnene e mata che ke bhagavAna citrakalAne nirdeza karatA najara Ave che "meghadRta"nI buddhanI prathama mUti kuzA samayamAM ane gAMdhAra-kalAmAM virahiNI yajJI pravAsI patinuM citra banAve che, to "raghu- sarjana pAmI. sva. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla jelA kalAvidda vaMzamAM ayodhyA nagarInI divAlo citrothI suzobhita darzAvI 'gAMdhAraiAnI pahelAM "mathurA kalAmAM svataMtra rIte buddha-smRti che. dasamI sadIne dhanapAla che pitAnI "tilaka maMjurImAM AvirbhAva pAmyAnI vAta kare che. (mAttIra ja pRH 285) citrakAra ane citrapaTane nirdeza kare che. purANa-sAhityamAM banne saMpradAyamAM vizeSa dhyAna mUrtAikalA upara ApeluM aneka sthaLe citrakalA jovA maLe che. temAMthI "vizagu dharmotsara jaNAya che, tenA pramANamAM citrakalAne ulekha ocho che. purANa" navA adhyAyanuM 'citrasUtra' Ape che. A uparAMta nItisAra nAmazAstra, kAmasUtra, samarAMgaNuzutra ane mAna I. sa. 1 6mAM khatama thaI gayelA kuzANa vaMza pachI selAsa potapetAnI rIte citrakalA vize jarUrI mAhitI I. sa. 276 mAM sthApAyelA manatA guptavaMzanI vaccenA se Ape che. caudamI sadImAM thayelA vedAMta dazananA eka mahAna eka varSamAM citrakalAnI pravRttie UMDA mULa nAkhyA hovAnuM >> pAchaLathI vidhAphayA nAme prasiddha prApta vADamaya ullekhone AdhAre kahI zakAya che. guptayugamAM thayAM, temaNe "paMcadazI' nAme lakhelA prakhyAta graMthamAM ta mAM unmatta kakSAe pahoMcelI citrakalA mATe A samayamAM naMkhAcitradIpa' nAmathI suMdara citra-carcA karelI che. yelI pIThikA Avazyaka paNa lAge che. khAsa karIne lalita vistAra, mAnasAra ane kAmasUtra A vaccenAM samayamAM racAyuM boddha ane jaina graMthamAM paNa mitrakalAnA ullekha athavA racanAnI zarUAta thaI. AmAMthI 'lalita vistAra UparAMta khuda citrakalA ja sacavAyelI maLe che baudhdhanA nAmane gadya ane padyamAM lakhAyele baudhdha-graMtha kadhAonI piTakamAMthI "vinaya piTaka" kezalarAjA prasenajitanA udhAnamAM carcA kare che, jemAM citrakalAnI citra, rUpa ane rUpakarma 'citrAgAra" hovAno ulekha Ape che jainemAM tAMbara evI traNa dRSTithI carcA thayelI che. zrI vAyaspati gerelA jainee bhArata ane gujarAtanI citrakalAne jambara uThAva A graMthane I. sa. 200 ne mAne che jyAre De. surezacaMdra Ape che te ApaNe have pachI zuM. benarajI "A companion to sanskrit Literature halekha sa gadya ane citraka Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 563 gA sa jevA padArthone lepa karI jIta svarUpe pragaTa karyuM. gupta kALanA vizeSaTI thI ( praH 230mAM A graMthanA lekhaka tathA kALa vize "ajJAta" prajJAvAna deza paNa che. athavA kaho ke jyAM AdhyAtmika hovAnI neMdha mUke che. vicAraNu ATalA moTA pAyA upara thAya tyAM ja kalAnuM uMDANa paNa AvI zake. "mAnasAra-vAtu zipanI sAthe citravidyAnI utpatti atyAra sudhInI bhAratIya citra kalAnI praNAlikA mAtra ane vikAsa vize carcA karato A graMtha guptayugamAM pUrNa 2 che je te vyakita ke pazu paMkhInA mitra pUratI ja rahelI jaNAya thayeluM manAya che. "kAmasUtra-kalAonuM zAstrIya vargIkaraNa Ape che. guptakALamAM A citrane enI pArzvabhUmikA sAMpaDe che. che. citrakalA' mATe Alekhana Alekhya evA zabdano prathama have dorAtuM vyakti citra enI samagra prAkRtika drazya sAmagrI prAga ahIM thayele jaNAya che. mULa to lagna jIvananI mAhitI athe lakhAyele A graMtha strIone zIkhavA mATenI cesaTha kalAne sAthe citri thavA lAgyuM. "meghadUtamAM revA nadI ane vidhya paricaya Ape che, temAM citrakalAnI carcA thayelI che. De. sUrya parvatamALAnI pRSTha bhUmithI susajaja citrane ullekha che. (meghata '-2o ) zAkuntalama 'nA chaThThA aMkamAM "veLamAM kA ta saMskRta vaDamayanA vivecanAtmaka itihAsa" (pR: 115) DhaLI haMsajoDI karavI evI nadI mAlinI, ne vAsa taLeTI mAM kAmasUtrane racanA samaya i. sa. trIjI cethI sadI Ape che. puNya camo beThela "mAdinI" (umAzaMkara ) evuM citra deravAnI kaSyanta vAta kare che. A graMthane AdhAre guptakALa pahelAnA samayamAM citrakalA vize sAro evo vicAra thavA lAge tenI mAhitI ajaMTAnA zaruM thayelA guphA maMDaLanuM kArya guptayugamAM maLe che ane pachI guptakALa; citrakalAnI dRSTie paNa bhArata AgaLa prazna che. (1) jaga mazahUra banelA bhIta citro ne suvarNakALa che. suMdara rAjya vyavasthA, samRdhdha rAjAo, gupta samaya daramiyAna citraNa pAme che guphAnI dIvAla upara samRdhdha prajA ane saMskRtinuM samRdhdha sarjana A yugamAM thayuM mATI, chANa, bhUsA jevA padArthone lepa karI (saurASTranA jemAM ciTAkalAe potAnuM adabhuta svarUpe pragaTa karyuM. gupta- gAmaDAonAM gharamAM gAra karavAmAM Ave che tema.) citra banAkALanA vizeSaTI zrI udayanArAyaNarAya A samayanI citra vavAmAM AvyA che. koI eka prakAranA lAla raMgane tolI padAkalAne paricaya ApatAM lakhe che; guptayugamAM citrakalAne thamAM bheLavIne enI rekhAo doravAmAM AvI che phalakulathI paricaya ApatAM lakhe che. guptayugamAM citrakalAnuM jJAna lacelA vRkSo, maMthara gatithI cAlI jatI saritAo, stana pratyeka sabhya nAgarika mATe Avazyaka gaNAtuM. citrakalAnuM aMdhane khuhalA paNa pavitra ane rasikatA bharelAM laya uchAzikSaNa ApavA arthe khAsa AcAryA hatA. nagaranA pratyeka LAo, bhagavAna buddhano thitaprasA, hAthamAM rahelAM padmanI AvAsanI dIvAla upara taraha-tarahanA citro banelAM hatA. mAnavInI jiMdagI samInajAkatatA sau adabhuta rIte ahI nAgarikenI pAse eka prakAranI citra peTI jemAM judAM judAM citrita thayelAM joI zakAya che. raMgo tathA citra nirmANanA sAdhane rahetAM hatA. AvI peTIne ajaMTAnI guphA 17 te 'citrazAlA" samI bhavya che vaNikikaraMDa, varNamaMjUSA tathA pralikA kahevAmAM AvatI bhagavAna buddhanA janma karmane raMgarekhAmAM utArI citrakAra sAthe khAsa karIne priyAne AvI pratelikA upahAra tarIke ApavAmAM bhAratIya citrakalA 5 dhanya banelI che. mAtA ane zizunuM AvatI citra nirmANanA sAdhanamAM tulikA tathA vatikA khAsa prakhyAta citra A guphAmAM AveluM che. vyomAyArI divya ulekhaniya che tulikA pIMchIthI citramAM raMga bharavAmAM AvatA gAyakagaNa ane mahAbhiniSka maNanA bhAvasabhara ramaNIya tathA vati kA eka prakAranI pensila hatI. A vartika vitaraNuM mitro paNa 17 naMbaramAM che bhAratIya citrakalA kevA ullaMgabarUno khIte mitranuM khokhuM taiyAra karavA mATe vaparAtI sthira zikhara sara karI cUkelI che tenI prabaLa gavarI zakuntalA parityAga pachI enA virahamAM sabaLa rAjA ajanTAnA citro ApI rahe che. kaSyanta priyatakhAnuM citra Alekhe che. tyAM sAnumati Ave ajaMTAnA kalAmaMDaponI sAthe bAdha guphAnA citro paNa che ane 'gaNo ggn rAga vaMd #1 nipuNatA ! " are, rAjA guptakAlIna sajana che. bhAratIya bhItI-citronI mahAna para kaSya tanI A vartikA nipuNatAmAM guptayuganI A 1 ajaMTAnI guphA samuhamAMthI naMbara 1, 2, 9, 10 ane * vanikA-nipuNatAmAM AjanI rekhAMkhana paddhatinA mULa 16 17mAM citro maLe che sAmAnyata: A citrone samaya A joI zakAya tema che S etch doravAnI prathA yuroyathI pramANe mukAya che. AvI evuM mAnanAre "vartikA nipuNatA" upara vicAra karavA e guphA 9-10 nA bhItI citro gupta yuga pahelAM I.sanI je che saMgIta ane kAvyane sauthI vadhu vicAra bhAratamAM Aju bAju, thaye che e vAta have dhIre dhIre svIkRta banI rahI che tyAre a guphA 10nA staMbha citro kuzANuM pachI ane gupta zipa ane citrakalAnA rasike paNa A siddha karavAnuM rahe samayanI zarUAtanA, che ke bhArata mAtra AdhyAtmika vicAravAne ja mahAna deza va guphA 16-17nA bhata citro guptayuga. nathI paNa kalAono sauthI sUkramamAM sUkSama vicAra karanAra mahA 6 guphA 1-2nA bhIMtI citro guptayuga pachInA che. Jain Education Intemational

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164 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 parAmAM bAdhaguphAnAM bhIMtI mitronuM mahattvanuM sthAna che. manuSya narasiMhavarmAnuM bhAre rocaka varNana teNe kareluM che, kalApremI nA laukki jIvananuM citra pUruM pADatAM A citratatkAlIna rAjA hatA, teNe kAMcImAM kalAzanAtha tathA mahAbalIpuramUnA vezabhUSA, kezavinyAsa, alaMkAra prasAdhana vagerenI bAbatamAM jagavikhyAta ma dinI zarUAta karI ane pautra narasiMhaabhyAsanuM virATa kSetra khulluM karanAra che. ajaMTAnA citra varmA bIjAe te pUrNa karyA. kAcI kelAzanAthanI dIvAla upara samayanA lAMbA para upara banelAM hoya ke eka nizcita banelA citro pahelavavaMzI rAjAnI temaja bhAratIya citrakalAnI samayanuM jIvana emAMthI visAvavuM kaThina che jyAre badhA citre gaurava patAkA samAna gaNAya che. kurAne pAMDya vaMza ane eka ja samayamAM hoya ajaMTAnA citro karatAM A dRSTie bAdAmIno cAlukyavaMza paNa citrakalAnA vikAsamAM pitAne mahattvanAM che. phaLa arpaNa kare che. pAMya vaMza, hyuenasAMga nedhe che tema | guptayuga pachI saMkhyayugIna rAjavaMzo zarU thAya che, "vidyA ane kalAnA kSetra karatAM vyApAramAM vizeSarata rAjya saurA TUMmAM A samaye valabhInuM prabaLa rAjya hatuM, bIjI nA zAsako hatAM jyAre cAlukyavaMze potAnI rAjadhAnI vAtApi. aneka kalAonA namUnA prApta bane che paNa citrakalAnuM Aja (hAlanuM bAdAmI) viSNunA adbhuta guphAmaMdirathI zaNagArI sudhI khAsa kazuM upalabdha nathI. usara bhAratamAM gupta sAmrAjya hatI. dakSiNanI traNa prakhyAta zailImAMthI besara zailI khAsa hatuM tyAre ja pazcimamAM kSatra, dakSiNamAM vAkAnaka, palava, karIne meluko dvArA vikAsa pAmelI che. temaNe sajelAM cAla ane pAMDya rA hatAM paNa guptakALano nikhAra e maMdira, mUrti, citra Arya, graviDa banne zailIonA mizraNa bhavya hatuM ke bIjA rAne Azraye phAlelI citrakalA prakA jevAM che. kalAnI carcA karatAM prAcIna graMthomAM A zelIne zamAM AvatI nathI. guptanA asta sAthe ja pAkIstAna, 'besara zailI' kahevAmAM AvI hovAnI vAta satyaketu vidyArAjasthAna, gujarAtane Ajano pradeza tahaNanA sAmrAjya laMkAra 'bhAratIya saMskRti' pUH 459 upara nAMdhe che. nIce Ave che, dakSiNamAM upara kahyAM rAjya rahe che ane gupta pATalIputranI AjabAju aMtima cAlu zvAsa letA TakI rahe che. dakSiNanA A rAjyonuM samakAlIna kAjanuM sAmrAjya A samaye lagabhaga I. sa. chaThThI sadInA AraMbhe pahevavaMzI citrakalAnI daSTie svataMtra ulekha mAgI le evuM mAtabara rAjAone Azraya ane pachI samagra dakSiNa bhAratamAM dhIre che. kAja upara prathama mIkharI rAjavaMza ane pachI vardhanadhIre astitvamAM AvatI "dakSiNa zailI' gupta ane mulayuga rAjAo citrakalAnA AzrayadAtA rAjAo hatA. maukharIvaccenA aMtaranI zRMkhalA banI rahe che. citrakalAnA vidvAno trakalAnA vidvAna vaMzanA lagabhaga chelA rAjA cahuvarmA sAthe samrATa harSanI spaSTa: jAherAta kare che ke I. sa. nI dasame thI caudamI sadI bahena rAjyazrI lagnagraMthithI joDAyelI hatI. aMdaraaMdaranA sudhIno samaya dakSiNaulInI prabaLa asara nuM ce hate. ghaNu badhAne lIdhe nabaLA paDelA cavane mAlavavidvAno te guptayugamAM vikaselI unnasa citrakalAmAMya dakSiNa devagupta harAvyo ane jaMgalamAM satA thakI rAjyazrInI madada zailInI prabaLa asara nIce hate. ghaNA vidhane te guptayugamAM samrATa harSa doDI Avyo. bahenane vaMza harSanI ADaca laIne vikasela unnati citrakalAmAM ya dakSiNanI asarane nedha che ! kanojanI gAdIe AgaLa vadhyo. rAjyazrIne pura bhegavarmA dakSiNAtya kalAmAM judA judA samaya, judI judI rIjayA nathI ane tene putra yazovarmA, saMskRtanA prakhyAta nATayakAra bhavaprotsAhIta thaIne sthira thayelI kalAmAM traNa pramukha zailIo bhUtino AzrayadAtA rAjA hatA. A samayanI citrakalAnuM joI zakAya che. dvAviDa, besara ane nAgara varNana bhavabhUtie "mAlatI mAdhava' ane 'uttararAmacari'mAM kAMcInA palavavaMzI rAjAomAM I. sa. 60) mAM gAdI suMdara rIte ApyuM che. mAlatI ane mAdhava parasparAnA citro upara AvelA mahendravarmAe mA sAmrAjyane ja phelA derI sneha vyakta kare che te "uttararAmacarita mAM "citra - nathI karyo, citrakalAnI paNa uMDI nIva tenA hAthe naMkhAyela darzana'ne vistArathI ulekha che : citrakAra ane lamaNe che. prathama jaina ane pachI zaiva sAdhu akharanI asara nIce ApelI hakIkata uparathI rAmanA jIvanaprasa go citromAM AleAvIne zaiva banelA A rAjAe caTTAne kapAvIne maMdiro khyA che : rAmanuM stavana karatA jabhakAstra, mithilAvRttAnta banAvyA, "mAnadaMDa-kapa' jevA kalAne graMtha upara bhAge phUTatA nIlakamala jevI zyAmala suvALI, kamaLa ane mAMsala lakhAvyAM hatAM ane khuda pite paNa citrakalAmAM AvechA jANu- dehakAntivALA rAma parasparanI arcanA karatAM vevAIvelA, kAra hatA. bhAratIya spaSTa rIte vyaMgacitranI zarUAta mahendra- vivAhadakSA pAmelAM cAreya bhAIo, ApAM mAMDavI, dardU zratavarmAthI thayelI che. teNe kApAlike, pAzupatA ane bauddha bhikhu, kIrti, jenAra kaMpI uThe tevA bhagavAna bhAgava, maMtharA, bhAgIonA vyaMgapUrNa citra banAvyA ane uttara bhAratanI asa- rathI vRkSarAja zyAma nAmane vaDa, sItA para paDe taDake rathI zarU thayelI citrakalAne dakSiNanuM nijI svarUpe pradAna karyuM. nivAravA tADapatranuM chatra dharI UbhelA rAma-keTalA vividha mahendravarmAnA putra narasiMhama, jenA samayamAM prasiddha viSaye che citrakavAnA ! bhavabhUtie 'citradarzana" yojIne cInI yAtrALu hyuenasAMga kAMcI gayo hate ane kAMcI tathA kenejanI citrakalAne amaratva pradAna kareluM che. 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re lekhako paNa e atI zAka smRti saMdarbha graMtha 565 yazavathI kanejanI gAdIe maukharIvaMza pUrNa thaye mAna pUrvaka namAvyAM che. ajaMTAnI mitrazailInuM eka khAsa ane samrATa harSe thAnezvarathI pitAnI gAdI kane ja khaseDI. lakSaNa enAM dareka pAtranI AMgaLIo naragIsanA phUla jevI kanojanA ja darabAramAM paNa harSanA Azraye bANabhaTe "kAdambarI" kemaLa ane nIce namatI pravAhI che, netre amIcAyelAM lakhI bANe lakhelAM be prakhyAta graMtha : kAdambarI ane harSa ane AkarSaka nAka nAnuM ane puSTa payodhara, parama sauMdaryanA carita' te samayanI citrakalAnI suMdara mAhitI Ape che. AdhAra sthAna jevA stanonI ramaNIyatA ajaMTA citronuM kAdambarI ne vaizampAyana bIjI kalAonI sAthe 'citrakamamAM AkarSaNa che. yakSadaMpatInI zyAma yakSInA pristana samagra citra paNa pravINa che. aneka raMgonA ulekha sAthe "kAdarI'mAM parama zreNIne prANa che ema jonArane lAgyA vinA raheze nahi. vaNuM citra, bhAvamitra ane rekhAcitronI prazaMsA thayelI che. temAnAM tANA' ane "marAjananA' e kAlidArAjAonA bhavanamAM citrazAlAo hatI, 'harSacarita'mAM sane rInA pAtro ahIM raMga rekhAnuM sAyujya pAmIne sAva sAmAnya mAnavIne mitra batAvI AjIvikA raLanArAone jIvatA banI UDyA che. sva. rAmanArAyaNa pAThaka A ullekha paNa che ! AjanA sinemA, te pUrve mUMgAmitra citranuM rasa darzana karAvatAM lakhe cheH "eka aMga bIjAnI ane tenuM pageruM kaI harSanA samayamAM nihALe te azakaya sAthe, eka saMdhi bIjA saMdhi sAthe saMvAdI thaIbarAbara maLI nathI ! huM pote paNa sAre lekhaka hatA. teNe lakhelAM rahe che ane samagra zarIranuM lAvaNya piSe che. ' ( kAvyanI 'nAgAna" ane "ratnAvalI' nATakomAM paNa citrakalAnA zakti" pRH 218 ) "zyAma raMga zaMgArano vyajaka che' e ulekha prApta che. ratnAvalI pate citrakalAmAM 5TuM hatI zAstranA vacane khajaMTAne kalAkAra barAbara jANe che. citra nAgAnaMda jImUtavAhana pitAnI premikAnuM citra doravA kalAmarmakSa zrI rAma kRSNadAsa ajaMTAnI diziSTAo darzAvatAM malaya parvata upara jAya che. lakhe cheH joradAra rUparekhA, bhAvanI sAthe vAstaviktA, prasaMgA nukULa raMgayejanA, hAtha - paga, AMkha-aMgabhaMgathI bhAvAAma kaneja, phalaka paranA citranI mahAna bhUmi jaNAya bhivyakti ane jIvananI vividhatA. (mArato fazijharyH 3) che. bhIMtacitra heta te tenA avazeSe kadAca Aje prApta banI zakata, phalaka nAza pAmavAnI vadhAre saMbhAvanA che. * ajaTA zailInI TAmasara samagra bhArata varSanI citrakalA dasamI sadImAM gajanI rAjAoe bhAratamAM paga pesAra upara vadhatA-ochA pramANamAM jovA maLe che. bauddha sAdhuo ke, samagra bhArata chUTA chUTA rAjyomAM vibhakta banatuM cAlyuM: vilana asara dvArA A zailI cIna ane kAriyAmAM paNa pracAra pAmelI pezAvaranI AjubAju gajanI, dilhInI AjubAju cauhAna, che. aMtima gupta rAjA yazodharmAnA samayamAM A zailIjagujarAtamAM selaMkI, mALavAmAM gahalauta, ujajainamAM paramAra, pAnamAM paNa pahoMcelI jaNAya che. Ama bhAratIya citrakalAnI kAjamAM rAThoDa, paTaNAmAM pAla, madhyahindamAM kalacUrI, dakSiNamAM sauthI virATa saravANI ajaMTA zailI manAya che. zilAhAra, kAdamba, yAdava, kAkatIya, cala, heyazala ane kanyA- 2 : jaina athavA gujarAta zailI : kamArI pAse pAMDya rAjAoe nAnA nAnA ekame jamAvyA, Do. AnaMdakumAra svAmI je zailIne " pazcimanI bhAra. pazcima taraphathI musalamAnonA dhADAM AvAM lAgyAM. sAMskRtika tIya zailI' tarIke oLakhAve che te vAstavamAM jaina zailI e paNa eka jambaranI seLabheLa zarU thaI. A mizraNane athavA gujarAta kaulI che. zrI bhagavata zaraNuM upAdhyAya pitAnA pariNAme judI judI miraulIe AvirbhAva pAmI prasiddha graMtha mAratIya 'jAI gaura saMkrAti muvijha" (pR. 3 citra zailInI saravANIo: 17)mAM gujarAtI zailInuM bIjuM nAma jaina zailI che, kAraNa ke moTe bhAge A jailI jaina kalpasUtronA graMtha mizraNamAM ja - bauddha athavA ajaMTA zailI - jovA maLe che "A mitro kesaranI sAthe laukika paNa che. A zailInA mitra pithI mitranA rUpamAM ja jovA maLe che aitihAsika kama" mAM ApaNe joyuM ke gutayugamAM sau prathama AvI citrita pithI pragaTa karavAnuM mAna Do aja'TAnI AjubAju citrakalAne eka pUrNa AviSkAra pragaTa AnaMdakumAra svAmIne jAya I.sa. 1924mAM balina myujhiya thaye. A citrakalA la:gavAna buddha taraphanI bhAvanAbhaktithI mamAM saMarAyelI kalapasUTAnI " mitra prata maNe pragaTa prerita AdhyAtmika sAdhanA athe ubhI thayelI kalA hatI. karI ane gujarAta mitraulIne jagatane paricaya karAvyo karI buddha jIvana ane jAtaka kathAone kendramAM rAkhI sarjana te pachI te " bAlagopAla stuti " gItagoviMda ane rati pAmelI A citrazailImAM pazu, paMkhI gaMdharva, vidyAdhara, deva, rahayanI sacitra prate pragaTa thaI ane samagra bhAratIya citra devI asarAo ane phala, kulaenA abhirAma svarUpa sAthe kalAmAM jaina pAthI citronI eka navI ja gujarAta zailene pragaTa thayelAM che. sUjhabharyA kalA-kauzalathI adbhuta komaLatA, sajIvatA ane rekhA-layanuM lAvaNya vyakta thayelAM che anaTo svIkAra karavAmAM Avyo. nA citrAmAM sauMdarya eTalI adhika mALAmAM pravAhita che. ke | gujarAta-zailInA citrakalAne vikAsa jene AbhArI jagatabharanA kalApArakhuoe dhanya banI potAnA mastake che paNa te jainone ja banI nathI rahyo. 'vasaMta vilAsa"nI mI, dilhI amArA gauthI li Jain Education Intemational

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pada eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA -rabhAga sacitra pratithI mAnava samastanA jIvananA ullAsa gujarAtanI pAla - zailInA tajajJa vidvAno A citronI mukhAkRcitrakalAne viSaya banele che. amerikana eyeinTala sirIjha 'nAtiomAM bhinnatva nihALe che, A kAraNe pAchaLathI pAla ve. 96 tarIke preA. Dabalyu neAna brAuna dvArA 'vasaMta vilAsa 'zailImAM peTA zAkhA tarIke nepAlI pAla--citro' evI nI samitra prata. pre. brAunanI vivecanA sAthe bahAra paDI, saMjJA yeAjavAnA sUcana thayelAM che. nepALanI pahADI prajA, temAM teo lakhe che: * The Western indian Sehool nepALI baudhdha sAdhu dvArA jayAM jyAM citraNa pAmI che tyAM is ane of great importanee in the flisfory of tyAM caherAonI rekhAomAM atara Ubhu' thayeluM jaNAya che, indian Painfing' 'rAsamALA 'neA kartA zrI sa`sa noMdhe pAchaLanA saMzodhanathI ane prApta thayelI vadhu sAmagrIne AdhAre che ke gujarAtanA hindu rAjAona! darabAramAM peTraeTa- pAla--zailInA gaNu mukhya kendro nizcita karavAmAM AvyAH penTIga' paNa hatAM. (pR: !)5 ) A saumAM kRSNa jIvananI baMgALa, bihAra ane nepALa. nepALa. kendranA citro vadhAre sacitra pratApaNu gujarAta-zailI heThaLa Ave che. gItagoviMda,'surakSita 'bhAgavata' ane 'AlagopAlastuti ' nA citro, gujarAtI nara-nArInA jIvanane Anada ane vezabhUSAne AbAda uDAva ApatAM samRddha citro che. rIte sacavAyelAM maLI AvyAM che. nepALanA rAjyagurunA alaga rahetA sarakArI bhaMDAramAMthI pAla -zailInA catrAvALI asa`khya pAthI prApta thayelI che. seALamI sadImAM thayelA nAmanA tibeTanA itihAsakAre bauddhadharmanA itihAsanI sAthe pAla--zailIne paricaya paNa Avye che. A graMthamAM temaNe 'pUrvI --zailI' thI pAla - zailInA ja paricaya Avye hAvAnu mAnavAmAM Ave che. A pUrvI --zailI nA vikAsamAM, tenA AzrayadAtA pAlavazI rAjAe jabbara sahAya karelI hAya 'pUrvI--zailI' ne 'pAla zailI' kahevI ucita samajAyuM che. A pAla zailI'mAMthI zrI ajita gheSa dvArA puraskRta gauDa-zailI'nA baMgALI citrA ane baMgALanI leAkalAnA padacitro utarI AvyA heAvAnuM anumAna thAya che. 3: usI athavA kazmIra-zailI: gujarAta-zailInI viziSTatAomAM 'sAiDa pheza' eka ke doDha AMkhavALAM citrA, pArzvamAM lAla caLakatA raMga ane lAMbA nAka ne gaNAvI zakAya. aMgrejImAM A citrane 'Fa rther eye extended in Spaee' tarIke varNavavAmAM Ave che. caherAmAM kAna eka ja dekhAya paNa pAchaLathI bIjI AMkha sheja bahAra-SparmAM nIkaLatI lAge. gujarAta zailInA A citrAnA prApta namUnAe i. sa. 1100 pachInA che. koi koI sthaLe tADapatra upara lakhAyelI pratAnI bAjumAM AvA citra prApta thayAM che. jene samaya amuka vidvAne dasamI sadI sudhI laI jAya che paNa hAla ApaNane prApta jUnAmAM jUne namUnA i.sa. 1100nI AjubAjunA che. 3 : bauddhayeAthI citro athavA pAla-zailIH gujarAta zailInA citrakalAnA Arabha jaina pAthIomAM citarelAM laghu- citrothI thAya che tema pAla zailInA AraMbha bauddhadharmanI peAthIe ane tADapratAmAM prApta laghu citrothI thAya che. gujarAta zailI bhAratanA pazcima bhAgamAM udbhava pAmI teA pAla - zailI pUrva tarapha --khAsa karIne baMgALa ane bihAramAM mukhyatathA nAlaMdA ane vikramazilAmAMthIbahAra AvelA vidvAnoe peAtAnA nita prayAjana arthe 'prasApAramitA' jevI mahAyAna mauddha peAthIenA pAnA upara AvA citro banAvyA. bahu ja uMcI jAtanA tADa-patra upara banne bAju ane jyAM jyAM upara nIce) jagyA prApta thai che. tyAM tyAM dharmAMnA pratIkA, deva devIe ane tathA gatanA jIvana prasa'gA bahu phomaLatAthI citraNa pAmyA che. lAla, lIlA, sapheda ane kALA raMganA adbhuta kahI zakAya tevA mizraNathI A mitro banelAM che. mAnavIne paralokanI ArAdhanA karavI che paNa A lAkanA saudaryane tarachoDIne nahi. tArA jevI devInA sapramANa layabaddha citro, bauddha sAdhuonI rasiktA ane kalAsUjhane pragaTa karanAra banI rahyAM che. deha ane AtmAthI saMpUrNa anelI nArI kevI hAya tenu hUbahU darzana bauddha sAdhuoe pAla zailI dvArA pUruM pADayu che. ddha Jain Education Intemational bhAratamAM pragaTelI aneka citra zailIonI savavANIomAM siratA nihu banI zakelI. amuka nAMnakaDI zelIe (Small Sehooh ) paNa che, jemAM kazmIra zailInA ullekha Avazyaka banI rahe chaeN. tibeTIana itihAsakAra tArAnAtha kahe che. pazcima bhAratIya zailInA asara nIce ubhI thayelI kAzmIra zailIne hasurAja nAmanA eka kAzmIra kalAkAre nijI rUpa pradAna karyu" hasura janI para parAmAM pAchaLathI kAzmIranI citra kalA tathA mUrti kalA svataMtra rIte vikasita banyAM. husurAjanA samaya I.sa. 160no mAnavAmAM Ave che paNa di sudhI prApta banI nathI. mAnavAmAM Ave che ke kazmIrI vADamaya ullekhA sivAya teNe karelI kei tra kRti Aja zelIe rAjasthAna zailI, mugala zailI ane pahADI zailImAM peAtAnuM Atma visarjana karI nAkhyu che. 4 vijayanagara athavA dakSiNa zelI. jI. bhAratanA Tuka sAMskRtika itihAsa ApanArazrI eca. rAlInazana lakhe che. vidhI enA humalAne dakSiNamAM thI paDakAranAra vijayanagara sAmrAjaya che. iTAlIana pravAsI nikolAe vahuyelI vijayanagaranI sAMskRtika samRddhi caudamI ane paMdaramI sadI nI bhAratavaSa~nI mahAna vijayapatAkA samI i i.sa. 1327mAM pAMca yAdava bhAionI sahAyathI hAya sala rAjA vIra allAha trIjAe rampInI killebaMdhI karI, A sthAna ja pAchaLathI ' vijayanagara ' nAme prasiddha thayuM.

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha ( marItIya kRtidAsa jJa razmIna ) ( jayacaMda vidyAlaMkAra ) pR 130 ) pAMca yAdavabhAiemAM mukakArAyanA senApatie prakhyAta saMgIta maMDapanI racanA karI A maMdiranA citra vijayanagaranI alAyadI citra zailInA paricaya Ape che A citrAnI viziSTatA darzAvatAM DaoN meAtIcaMdra kahe cheH raMganu evI rIte AyeAjana ke citramAM ' pelANa 'nuM darzana kare che raMga dvArA zUnya khAlIpaNu' (Emptiness) sau prathama vijayanagara yA dakSiNa razailImAM draSTi gocara thAya che. bIjI viziSTatAomAM citranI tarala rekhA ane lacakadAra UbhuM ileArAthI bhinna ane saMpUNa dakSiNa DhabanI kahI zakAya tevI che. AkRti ane citramAM sUcavAtI gita che. vezabhUSA paNa aja TA-dehanI nAjuka rekhA ane rasa kendra banI rahelAM nena stana jAMghanA mugdha karI nAkhatAM AlekhaneAvALI mugala zailI madhya yugamAM bhAratIya citra kalAe sidhdha karelAM utsaMga zikhA che. ? pa. rAjapUta zailI. vijayanagaranA samakAlIna bahumanI sulatAneAe paNa suMdara puSpalatAthI potAnA zAhI makabarAne ala'kRta karelA che. bahumanI sulatAnA dvArA IrAnI nakazIkAma dakSiNanI zailImAM navuM kaipa pAmIne bhaLI gayeluM che. dakSiNanI para parAgata citra zailI, vijayanagaranI citrazailI ane A irAnIyana asara jhIlatI bahamanI--zailI ekacita banI eka ja jaTAjUTa ane che tene mATe 'dakSiNazailI 'nu nAmAbhidhAna sa thA yegya banI rahe tevuM che. * have madhyayugamAM enI utkRSTa kakSAe pahoMcelI traNa mahAna citrazailIonu` TuMkamAM darzana karIe : rAjapUta yugala ane pahADI zailIe bhAratavarSanI bhinna bhinna badhI prajAe potapotAnA sAMskRtika jIvana mujaba dezakALane anukULa rahI koNa jANe keTalA prakAranI citra-zailIe pragaTAvI che. amuka pradezane enAM peAtAnA be nagarA dvArA UbhI thayelI svataMtra para parAo paNa che. bhAratIya citrazailIne aitihAsika paricaya meLavIe chIe tyAre mukhya zailI-bheda, enA peTA bheDha ane enA pautra - bhedane spa`vAnuM ahIM zakaya nahi bane. ataH ApaNe mukhya traNa prakAra bhedane nihALIe tenI pahelAM citrakalAnA nUtana utthAna mATe ubhI thayelI bhUmikAne sheja joi laie : samagra bhArata varSamAM caudamI, paMdaramI seALamI sadI mahAna sAMskRtika jAgRtinI hatI. hindanA kaMika aMze aMdhiyAra banI rahelA pANImAM vidharmI enI jIvana kavana pratinI tathA dhArmika-sAhityika mAnyatAo navA vicAranI dizAonu udghATana karanAra banI rahI. aneka dharma ane mAnya tAmAM DUsakAM bharI rahelAM vRddha bhAratamAM pharIvAra saLasaLATa pedA thayo hato. rAmAnja, nimbArka, jAdava, vallabha, caitanyanI bhakti bhAvanA cArebAju tAjagI ane smruti lAvanAra banI rahyAM hatAM nAmadeva, tukArAma, narisahu, mI, suradAsa jevA bhakata kavioe budhdhinu jhaDapa ane jIvanamAM ghUsI gayelA ka kAMDanI jaDatAne prema ane rAdhAkRSNanA rasika vAtAvaraNathI vasatAtsavamAM palaTAvI nAkhI hatI kalAne sarva prakAre nave prANu apaNuM karanAra puSTimAga jevA nUtana bhakita saMpradAye 567 astitvamAM AvyA hatA. cAre bAju eka navA prakAranI alaka eka navA prakAranuM jIvana eka navA prakAranI kavitA ane akhIla gulAlanA navaraMgI vAsaMtI raMgo UDI rahayA hatAM A samayanA citrakAra paNa A rasika vAtAvaraNathI abhibhUta thayA vinA rahI zakayA nahi ane rAdhAkRSNanA maTI ullAsa pUrNa zaMgArane potAnI pIMchI vaDe navuM pariNAma pradAna karavA lAgyA. rAdhAnA stana upara kara dhAraNA karIne vanamAM varSoMnI mAja luMTatA rAjapUta zailInA 'barasAtI rAdhA kRSNa' ke piyune patra lakhatI pahADI kAMgaDA zailInI rasika priyA rAdhA ke nArI rAjasthAna che. sudhInA rAja je mahAna rAjapUta zailInuM AvirbhAva kSetra i.sa.nI seALamI sadIthI ogaNIsamI sadI sthAnI rAjapUta rAjAone Azraye citrakalAnI paraparA nabhI thaI te Aje rAjapUta zailIthI prakhyAta che rAjapUta zailInA kadAca prathama paricaya dAtA De. haramana neAMdhe che ke japuranA hastaprata bhaDArAmAthI prApta pethIe upara rAjapUta zailInu svataMtra Alekhana prApta thAya che. te pachI A zailInA citrAnI zodha zarU thaI ane rAjasthAnanA rAja mahelonI bhAte upara, chatA upara tenu pUrNa aMkana jovA maLyuM. mathurA, vRndAvananA maMdira paNa rAjapUta zailInA citrAnA mahAna saMgrAhaka sthAneA najare paDayAM ane nAthadvArA jevA parama vaiSNuvadhAmamAM pichavAionA rUpamAM tathA kAMkarelI graMthabhaMDArAmAMthI khAnAM aneka mitrA malI AvyAM, bIkAnera, jayapura, jodhapurathI prApta bhAgavatanI sacitra hastapratA tathA rANA kuMbhAnA samayamAM citADagaDha sarjelAM rAjadarabAranI zaiAbhA athenA citrA rAjapUta zailIne vizALa khajAno ApaNI sAme pragaTa kare che. rAjapUta zailInA peTA prakAramAM gvAlikara ane abara zailInI gaNanA karavAmAM Ave che. sAmAnyataH samagra bhArata vamAM rageAnI cittAka ka yAjanA, mIna jevI AMkhA, kaMika nI| kadanI, gALa caherAvALI strIe ane vRkSAnA citraNumAM jovA maLatA AgavA dRSTikoNa, rAjapUta-zailInI vizinAme gaNAvI zakAya. bIkAnera, jayapura ane kizanagaDha zailInI alaga zAkha paNu rAjapUta-zailImAM vikaselI che. AmAM khAsa karIne kizanagaDha zailInI alaga zAkhAe paNa rAjapUta zailImAM vikaselI che. AmAM khAsa karIne kzinagaDha zailI rAdhA kRSNanA rasika prasaMgo A lekhavAmAM pravINa jaNAya che. kizanagaDhanI rAdhA Aje paNa jagatabharamAM nArI citraNanI mahAna saMbhAvanA pedA karanAra manAya che. rAsalIlA ane sayeAga zRMgAranI maneArama citra.

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168 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 vali sauMdaryane mahAnanidhi pUro pADanAra banI rahela che. zailI' tarIke prasiddhi pAmyuM. ghaNA vidvAne mAne che ke jaina ane vallabha saMpradAyanI paraMparAoe paNa rAjapUta - paMjAba ane himAlayanA pahADI pradezamAM judI judI rIte je zailIne piSaNa AvyuM che. svataMtaMtra citra zailI vikAsa pAmI te "pahADI zailI " evA rAjapUta-zailInA citromAM jovA maLatuM eka viziSTa - eka nAmathI bahAra AvI. A pahADI zailInI aneka peTA zAkhAo che. peTAzAkhAo eTale gauNa ke upajIvI zailI tattva teNe AvelAM rAga-rAtriNInA citra che. mAlavAnA devI nahi paNa svataMtra mAtabara citrazailIo paNa abhyAsanI sugabhakta citrakAree daityasaMhAra' nA citra dvArA pradAna karelI matA athe te samayane "pahADI zailI" evuM nAmakaraNa tAkAtavALI rekhAo ane nAyaka nAyikAnA vArtAlApa, viyoga thayeluM che. -saMgathI mAMDIne pazupaMkhIvanazrInuM nAvInya bhareluM citraNa rAjapUta zailInI anya viziSTatAo che, "zikAra karatI pahADIzelInI eka prabhAvazALI zAkhA te kAMgaDAzailI rAjapata lalanA ane rAmAyaNanA citro rAjapUta zailInuM rAdhA-kRSNanA bhAvathI bhAja rAdhA-kRSNanA bhAvathI bhIMjyA bhIMjyA praNayacitronA AleviSaya-vaividhAma puruM pADe che. Ama aneka dRSTie rAjapUta khanathI mazahUra banelo A zailI bhAratIya citrakalAmAM aneka zailI bhAratIya citrakalAnI sauthI vaividhya sabhAra citra rIte ulekhaniya che. himAlayane pradeza cheDIne satalajanA zailI che. yAlI paMjAbanI dharatImAM pravesa che tyAM amRtasara jegIMdara nagara mArga upara kAMgaka nAnakaDuM riyAsatI gAma che. A 6 mugala-zailI gAmanA ThAkura mahArAjA saMsAracaMdra ( I. sa. 1765 videzathI AvI hinda upara rAja karanAra prajAomAM mugala 1813) 1823) ane temanA vaMzaja ghamaMDacaMdra vageree aneka kalAane aMgrejane kalAnA puraskAra kartA tarIke mAna ApyA vinA kArane udAra hAthe sahAya karI, rAjyAzraya Avyo ane temanA cAle tema nathI. mugala rAjAonI kalArasikatAe hindu ane dvArA kAMgaDA-kalamano janma thaye. gulera ane basIlImAMthI IslAmane saMga sarjI utpanna karelI mugalazailI bhAratIya nAsIpAsa thayelA aneka citrakArane kAMgaDImAM Azraya maLe. citrakalAnI eka AgavI khAsiyata che. irAniyana bIja, guNagrAhI, kalApremI rasika rAjavI ane mitrane eka virATa bhAratIya mATI, pAlI ane vAtAvaraNamAM ucharIne bhAratIya sauMdaryarAzi temanA dvArA jamA thayo Aje AkhA bhArata saMtAna tarIke UbhuM thayuM te mugala kalA che. varSamAM A nAnakaDA gAmaDAe pitAnI addabhUta ciraMjIva sthAna prApta kareluM che vidvAno kahe che ke kAMgaDA zailI dina mugala kalAe hindanI citrakalAne be mahAna vastuo bhAratIya citra kalAthI kalpanA thaI zake tema nathI. bhAratIya bheTa ApI : tailacitra athavA vyakticitra, laghucitra athavA citrakalAne marmajJa vidAna Do. Arcara kahe che ke saMgItane Tebala, kabATa, bheTa ApavA athenA nAnAM citro! pAtranuM anurUpa rekhAo pahela vahelI kAMgaDA zailImAM jovA maLe che bAhyasaudarya, nArI ane purUSadehanI kaMThALa- kaThorapaNuM IrAnanI tAla ane sUra saMbaMdhita rekhAo. prAkRtika sauMdaryanI suSamAM asara laIne AvirbhAva pAmeluM che te jyAM jyAM pAtranA nArI AkAronI rasikatA ane premanI mAdaka vihavaLatA AMtarika bhAvane vyakta karavAnI AvazyakatA nabhI thaI che tyAM kAMgaDA zailInI dhyAna khecatI viziSTatAo che. ziSTa rIte tyAM zuddha bhAratIya paraMparAne mugala zailI anusarI che. bhAratIya vyakta thatA jAtiya saMketa ane kalpanA raMgI kAvyamaya vAtA citrakalAmAM mugalaulInuM je mahattva che te teNe lekapriya varaNu kAMgaDA kaulInuM ciraMjIva pradAna che phalakulathI mahekatA banAvelI citrakalAmAM ane nArIdehanA ramaNIya vaLAMke tathA bhavya udhAna vaccenA raMga maMDapamAM kRSNanA meLAmAM paDelA vastrAbhUSaNamAM rahelI jaNAya che. aDhAramI sadInI mugala- pena magna rAdhA, kRSNa milana kharce snAna karatI uramaMDalanA mahilA mugala-zailInuM pratinidhi nArIpAtra che. tAnasena, nayana ramya vaLAMka vaLe zodhatI rAdhA, soLa zaNagAra sajI bahAdurazAhanA tailari tro puruSAkRtinA surekha namunAo che. premansuka rAdhA ane bagIcAmAM eka ja vRkSa nIce chupAyelA te zRMgAra jatI nAyikA viSaya ane citraNanI suyojita premakrIDAmAM rata rAdhA kRSNa kAMgaDA zelInI premejavala citra kalAne namuno che. "bagIcAmAM mUllA" tathA "lailA majanU' paraMparA che AlabarTa myujhiyama, laMDanamAM saMgrahAyeluM eka laghu samUha mitranA suMdara Alekhane koi eka vAkapathI mugala- citra 1 jhUle " nArI jIvananI nAjuka ane lAvaNyamaya raMga zailInuM gaurava karavuM hoya te bhAratIya AtmAne IrAnIyana rekhAone vyakata karatuM jaga mazahUra citra che. ramaNInA lebazamAM rajU karatI samanvayanI nAjUka Urmi pahADI zailInI aMtaragata pragaTelI bIjI eka ullekha kavitA che. niya zAkhA basaulI zailInI che. bhArata varSamAM rAjapUta 7 pahADI zelI : citrazailI uparAMta DhagalA baMdha rAganA citra ApanAra basaulI zelI che rAmAyaNa ane mahAbhAratanA prasaMge uparathI citra paMjAba ane himAcaLa pradezanA pahADI rahana sahana sarjana ane kamaLane badale kaMIka tejasvI pAMgAnI sarjita vacce rAjapUta zailIe je nUtana rUpa dhAraNa karyuM te "pahADI basaulInuM AgavuM pradAna che. samagra bhAratavarSamAM khAsa Jain Education Intemational www.ainelibrary.org

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samRti saMdarbha graMtha karIne AMkha tathA hAthanAM vividha bhAve tathA mudrAnA nikolasa rIrika, anAgarika geviMda, bihAranAM IzvarIprasAda citraNamAM basaulI zailI sarvazreSTha puravAra thaI che. sapheda, varmA, yamunAtha jaina. uDIsAnA zrIdhara mahApAra, bipUti zyAma ane lAla netro enI madabharI bhAva bhaMgIone kAraNe bhUSaNa kAnunage. AsAmanAM ravIndranAtha bhaTTAcArya, taruNa tathA hastamuddAomAM vividha kauzalathI baselI citra zelI kavAra ha. dakSiNanAM ke. rAmamehana rAmArAva, pIDI rAja, reDI, ApaNe tyAM alaga tarI Ave che. vI. madhusudana rAva, vAsudeva smAta, lakSmaNa varmA, pradyumna pahADI zailInI garIjI ane ullekhaniya sAkhA gaDhavAlI tannA, vagere sau upara svataMtra abhyAsa lekha banI rahe zelI che AbarTa myujhiyama laMDanamAM saMgrahAyeluM ane "dha" teTalI sAmagrI paDI che. kalara lAyabrerI ena ArTanA InDIana ArTamAM pleTa naMbara a grejI vidvAnoe pADelI kalAnI vivecanAne paNa 47mAM prasiddha thayeluM 'virahiNI" ci, A lekhakanA mata sAdhuvAda arpaNa karI, bhAratIya citrakalA vize zrI araviMdanAM mujaba bhAratIya citrakalAnuM eka zreSTha sarjana che eka juvAna sUkSmadarzanathI upasaMhAra karazuM: "bhAratIya saMskRti khUba prAcIna strI pitAnI sevikAothI cAkarI pAmatI pathArImAM paDI che. kALathI raMga ane rekhAnA samajapUrvakanA saudaryAtmaka upayoga dehamAM vyApelA premajavarane zitaLatA athavA upacAra karI ane tenA sArA evA vikasita svarUpane pAmI hatI. rahelI sakhIomAM citranI gati che te viraha pIDAtI sAva bhAratIya mAnasanI asalI sau ye bedhAtmaka rUcino nAjuka anubhavAtI nAyikA rUpa rUpanA bhaMDAra jevI bevaDa mULabhAva ane tene vaLAMka chellAmAM chelI rAjapUta kalAne, vaLIne paDI che kaMcukImAMthI dazyamAna thatAM gaura stana ane ajaMtAnI girimALAnI guphAomAM karelA vihAramAM tenI keDa nitaMbano sAva sahaja ramaNIya vaLAMka hAthapaganI nAjuka UMcAmAM UMcI romanI siddhinI prAcInamAM prAcIna bacavA sthiti ane mukhanI parama zebhA eka jIvatuM jAgatuM paMkhI pAmelI kRtionI sAthe sAMkaLI le che bhAratIya citrakalA ke te Dhagale banIne pathArImAM paDayuM che tenuM ati bhautika ane caitasika dvArA ke anya AdhyAtmika darzanane bhAvanAzIla, ramaNIya ane mutara Alekhana purU pADe che AMdhe che." samagra rIte A AkhuM citra enA viSaya raMgarekhA pazvabhUmi -nattama palANa ane sAmUhika saMyojanane kAraNe ApaNuM mana bharI jAya, gurUkuLa mahilA koleja, ApaNane vyathita banAvI jAya, ApaNI maravA paDelI umi porabaMdara. ene pharI DhaDhaLI jAya evuM jIvaMta, asarakAraka ane tAMkayuM 00000000000000000000000000000000000 tIra mAranArUM banI rahe che. gaDhavAla zailInI A kamasIna kalamane ApaNe eka cuMbaza ApyA vinA rahI zakatA nathI. bhAratiya citra kalAnA jJAtA zrI gauralA egya ja Phone Office : 4541 kahe che gaDhavAla zelInA citromAM gItAtmaka laya prakRtinI Resi. : 4169 komaLatA, pravAhabharI dhumAvadAra rekhAo ane sarvatra anubhavAtI bhAvukatA jAInA saurabhita puSa samAna svarUpa arpaNa karI raDe che akhilAIthI nihALIe to pahADI--zailI bhAratIya citrakalAne prANa-kSeta che. himAcala pradezanI nayana ramya Thakker prakRti ane alakanaMdAnA suritAM gAna laIne AvatI A zailI bhAratIya citrakalAmAM karoDarajaju samAna che. Adhunika citrakalAnA bhAratIya pravAhamAM kalAnI abhi TIMBER AND TILES MERCHANT nava pravRttio pragaTAvanAra mahAmanAonAM nAmanuM smaraNa ja AND ahIM karazuM. A dhanya nAma valimAM rAjA ravi varmA, ava COMMISSION AGENTS. nIndranAtha ThAkura, gaganenmanAtha ThAkura, naMdalAla basu, asitakumAra hAladAra, ravIndranAtha, yAminI reya ane amRta zeragilathI mAMDI uttara pradezanA lalita mehana sena, kRSNa khannA, Lati Bazar, BHAVNAGAR. rAjasthAnanA rAmagopAla, rAmanivAsa. gujarAtanA ravizaMkara rAvaLa, somAlAla zAha. madhya pradezanAM devakRSNa jozI, vimalakumAra. paMjAbanA saradAra ThAkurasiMha, rupacaMda. kAzmIranAM M/s. Dhanvantray Bhavanbhai che. himAcala upaDI--zailI bhA. 60,00000000000000000000000000000000000000000 2000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 kaka ane alana Jain Education Intemational

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YU. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 With Best Compliments From Gram : PREMVIHAR 312353 Tele : Office : 31097) Resi : 367822 Add. : DHANAJIRO Phone: 324762 DOLATRAY JAYANTILAL Shah Jayntilal Himatlal & Co. GENERAL MERCHANT DEALERS IN : Finlays Dhoti, Gaikwar's & Ruby Mills TereneCotton Suiting & Shirting & Gaikwar's Doria Poplin Ets. COMMISSION AGENTS. 73, Khand Bazar, Mandvi, BOMBAY-. (BR) 475, Chandra Chowk, 3rd Lane, M. J. Market, BOMBAY-2. zA. jayaMtIlAla hIMmatalAlanI ku. 13, vis 0454t, you st. 3. **************** 00000000000000000000000000000000000000-00000000 Preoscoococooeeercocoooooo9o9o9000000000reccecececo...ecco cococoecoco-oo0000000000000000-0000-cooooooooooooooooo po SCC0000000000000-0000000000003-CCCCCCCC Telegram : WALNUT Office Phone : 310053 Factory Phone : 378296 : 319339 Phone Chice : 324796 . : 327695 Resi.: 310529 Dhirajlal & Co Hiralal Maganlal & Co. Dealers in all sorts of : MINERALS, CHEMICALS, CEMENT, CLAY, ETC. ETC. & GRINDERS. IMPORTERS-EXPORTERS Wholesale & Retail Dry Fruit Merchants. Omice : 3rd Cavel Cross Lane, Dadi Seth Agiari Lane, Kalbadevi, BOMBAY-.2 Factory : 20, Sitafal wadi, MAZGAON-10 395/397, Narsi Natba Street, Kaiba Bazar, BOMBAY-9. Jain Education Intemational

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bhuvanezvaranA prAcina maMdira samuha zrI prabhAzaMkara oghaDabhAi somapurA bhAratanA pUrva kinArA paranuM erisAkaliMga prAcina kaliMga uDIyAnA A maMdire navamI zatAbdIthI bAramI che. kalIMga dezane jItavA azake maTI laDAI karelI temAM zatAbdI sudhInA kALanA che. lAkho manuSyanI hIMsA thayelI. pAchaLathI azekane tene pazcAtApa aMdagI sudhI rahyo. bhuvanezvaranA mukhya tirtharAja maMdira liMgarAjanuM che. A prasAda pUrvAbhimukha che. garbhagRha 17/17 nA aMdAja e dezamAM sAtamI, AThamI, navamI sadImAM kesarI vaMzanA che. vacce cho'/chA" nI jaLAdhArI para rapha beDuM nIcu lIMga vedika saMpradAyanA cUsta anuyAyI rAjAo thayA. tyAM yayAtI che. maMdira AgaLa (1) jagamehana (2) nATaya maMDapa (nRtya nAme prasiddha rAjA thayela A kesarI vaMzanA rAjAoe maMDaLa) (3) bhega maMDapa che. AvA meTA mULa maMdira para bhuvanezvarane kAzI banAvavAnuM bhagIratha prayAsa karele rileka- ekAMDI zikhara che maMDapa upara phAsanA chAjalInA tharavALI nAthanA nAme A tirtha vasAvavAmAM AvyuM. tyAM badhA hindu che. maMdirane pharato ucce majabUta kile traNa dvAravALe che. tIrthanA sAteka hajAra maMdiramAM nirmANa karAvelA brahmA viSagu lIMgarAjanA mULa maMdiranI bAhya dIvAla maMDovara tharavALA maheza sUrya zakti Adi sanAtana dharmanA pratyeka zAkhAne kuMbha kaLaze kevALa caMcikAnA tharane che. pahelI jaMdhA devasaMpradAyone ekatra karavAnuM bhagIratha prayAsa kalIMga deze karele rUpanA gokhalAvALI che te para deDhIyAnA upara traNa tharanA te zahera devane samarpaNa kareluM. buddha dharmanA pratikAra rUpe bAMdhaNa para bIjI jaMdhAnA devarUpe gokhalAo para traNa maMdira nirmANa karelA. tharanI chAjalI vALI alaMkRta phAsanA che. jaMghAmAM kArtika skaMda. pArvatI gaNeza temaja zIvanA yAdI vAra de meTA UbhA hAla bhuvanezvaramAM chuTA chavAyA seMkaDo maMdiro ke I utkIrNa che. aMtarALamAM siMha vyAlanA svarUpa che ane devakhaMDita hAlata mAM ane ceDA apUrNa avasthAmAM sAMgopAMga DaganAonA svarUpa che. ubhelA che lIMgarAja ane rAjarANInA maMdire mukhya gaNAya lIMgarAjanA bhavya maMdiranI AsapAsa deDhazo maMdirano kaliMga bhuvanezvaranA keTalAka prAsAdo ekAMDIka che te samUha che lIMgarAja maMdira bhavya che tevA ja temAM traNa badhAnA upAMge ochA nIkALAvALA maMdire ekAMDIka che. maMDape AgaLa che. vizeSa samadala upAMgovALA paNa ceDA che. prAsAda racanAmAM garbhagRha pharate brahmadharanA taLa darzana juo bhuvanezvaramAM bindu sarovara khodAvI temAM bhAratanI tenA AgaLa mULa prAsAdanA page ane maMDapanA upAMgo pavitra nadIo kuMDe saravare. saMgama sthAnanA jaLa e jeTalo kopI athavA zalIlo taTa hoya che. ahIM maMDapane ke sarovaramAM vidhithI padharAvI bindu sarovaramAM pApanAzaka jagamena kahe che te guDha maMDapa che tenAthI AgaLa nATaya zakti ANelI. maMDapa (nRtya maMDapa) paNa dIvAle vALa hoya che tethI AgaLa ahIMnA sthApatya kaLA kArIgarIthI bharapUra che. nartakI, trIje maMDapa bhega maMDapa paNa dIvAlothI AvRta hoya che. devAMganAo, deva, devIe dIggAnI mUrtio suMdara ghATIlA meTA logarAja ane anaMta vAsudevamAM A rIte aMgavALA svarUpe che. nAnA prakAranA aMga mareDa, hAvabhAva racanA che. temAM lIMgarAjanA maMDapanI madhyamAM cAra vALA che. temAM bhoga vilAsanA azlila mUtio meTI taMbhe ubhA karelA hoya che. ahIM eka maMDapavALA paNa maMdiro seMkaDo jayAM tyAM karelI A pradezamAM jovAmAM Ave che. manAya che tene kayAMye cAkIvALA hotA nathI samukha praveza dvAra che ke A pradezamAM vAmamAgI saMpradAyanuM prAdhAnyatva haze. hAya che. keTalAya maMdironA caNataramAM bIlakula cunAno upayoga nathI dazamI sadI sudhInA maMDapanI vacce cAra staMbha ubhA thayele paththara para paththara cekasa rIte phITa karelA che te thatA te pachInA kALamAM vaccenA cArastaMbhe kADhI nAkhI goLa khubI che. vitAna ghuMmaTa maMDapa para karavAnI prathA cAlI A prathA bhuvanezvarathI traNeka mAila udayagIrI khaMDagIrIne nIla- saurASTra gujarAta rAjasthAna mevADamAM zaitAla maMdira ane gaurI gIrI nAmanI TekarIo se eka phuTa UMcI che temAM vedIka maMdiranuM zilpa anya prAsAdathI prathada che. anya maMdira jaina ane bauddhonI I. sa. pUrve cAra varSa pahelAnI 'nAgara" zailInA zIkharane maLatA che. vaitAlanuM zIkhara valabhI guphAo che. jAtinuM che. gaurInuM zikhara suMdara che te nAgarazailInuM nathI. Jain Education Intemational Intemational

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pa72 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 taTelA zIkharano beDemaLa jIrNoddhAra thayelA che. ahIM pratyeka (2) acalaka (3) napurI (4) kaLaza, [1] gaLAne bekI kahe maMdiranA maMDapa para chAjalInA tharanuM phAsanA che che. [2] Amala sArA ne AmalA [3] caMdrasa. Amala sArA - parazaramezvarane zatAbdInuM uttara guptakALanuM che tene - ra) ne khapurI. ane upara kaLama. IDAne kaLaza kahe che. maMDapa uMDAImAM lAMbe che tenI chata sAdI chAparAnA AkAranI Ama zikhara yukta prAsAdanA udayanA traNa varga kahI DhALavALI sIdhI che tenuM zIkhara ekAMDAMka che. tenA AMtara vibhAganA nAme kahyA. kaliMga zipamAM pIDane bhuvanezvaranA maMdiramAM parazurAmezvara mukatezvara brahmadhara gaNavAmAM Avela nathI. e vicitra kahevAya che ke ahIM Ama lIgarAja pArvatI maMdira medhezvara ane anaMta vAsudevanA A jotAM keTalAka maMdiro kAmadapITha prakAranA che keTalAka maMDovarathI badhA maMdire ekAMDIka che. rAjarANInuM maMdira 29 khaDakanuM che. AgaLa jaMgalI eTale karI temAM taMbhikAonA ghATanuM pITha tenI pratikRti meM bIralAjInA reNukuMDamAM paMdareka lAkhanA kharce jovAmAM Ave che tevuM rAjarANuM maMdira che. have "bADInA karela che. jenI pratikRti meM bIralAjInA reNukuMDamAM karI che. pratyeka vibhAganA AMtara vibhAga joIe. bhuvanezvaranA sarve maMdirane be jaMghA che khajurAhomAM pAbhagA --vibhAgamAM kuMbha, kaLazo kevALane caMcikI traNa jaMghA che temAM aneka devadevIo devAMganAo dIgvAle talajhAMgha - pahelI jhaMghA- temAM dIgvAla, devadevIo devAMganAnA UbhA svarUpe pratyeka aMga-upAMgomAM karavA vArImAgamAM vyAsa AdinI suMdara mUrtio kaMDArela hoya che. vyAlanA svarUpa UbhA karavA vAMdhA (baMdhana) mAM uparA para - gaurI maMdiranA pratirathamAM gokhalAmAM rUpa nathI tenI be kevALanA thare hoya che. rakhAkaNIne pratirathanI jaMghA che bemAM phakata devarUpa che. tenuM zIkhara anya maMdironA maMDovarathI vizISTa prakAranuM che. gavaragaMja bIjI jaMghAmAM deva devIo devADanAonA svarUpe ane vArimArgamAM vyAlanA svarUpe banDa bIjI jaMghAparanA ahIMnA maMdiranA dvAra para navagrahanA svarUpa vizeSa karIne hoya che. ApaNuM gujarAtamAM bAramI sadImAM A prathA hatI. tharomAM kaNIyukta bharaNIne chAjalInA be tharo para eka paTo te para gALo Ama thaze anya maMdiramAM ocho vatA jovAmAM kalIMganA zIkharanI rekhA karva vAkIvALI upara skaMdha Ave che Uparano thara eTale nAgara chedanA prahAranuM juduM AgaLa ekadama vaLAMka le che. zIkharanA zukanAzanuM pramANa svarUpa ahIMthI zIkharano prAraMbha thAya che maMDapane eka jaMghA eka strI jaNAtuM nathI zIkharanA bhadramAM traNa bAju siMha agara be jaMghA paNa hoya che tenA mULa maMdiranA jevA ja besArelA hoya che. che maMDapa upara phAsanA (chAjalI paLI) thAya che chAjalI o kalIMga uDIyAnA maMdira vizeSa karIne tenA zikharo pahelA nava thara pachI vacce dAbaDI dhazI gALA jeve eka thara nAgara' kuLanI jAtinA khajurAhanA jevA che jo ke temAM Ave che te para pharI sAta chAjalIonA thara hoya che A pITha maMDovaranA tharanA ghAMTomAM gheDI bhinnatA che uMDIyA chAjalIone pIDA kahe che nava tharanI chAjalInA Udayane zilpa saMghe je upalabdha che te azuddha prAkRta bhASAnA jevA "piTala" kahe che nava ne rAtanI vaccenA dAbaDI jevA tharane lahIyAnA hastadoSa thaI gayA che te lagabhaga lekIka bhASAnA "kAnti" kahe che phAsanA mathALe ghaMTA (lAmazA) mUke che te jevA che ahI maMdirano udaya ( ucAI)nA gaNu vaga pADelA gheTA nIce gaLuM hoya che tene bekI kahe che upara AmalasArA) che. jema draviDa jAtine SaTa vaga kahela che. ahIM (1) vAru nA upara caMdrazane "khapurI" kahe che te sarvoparI kaLaza ne (2) jaMkI (3) masta kaLaza kahe che. (2) vA varga vibhAgamAM (1) pAgabhA (2) talajAMdha alasa. kanyA devAddhanAo | upAgone ratha kahe che. (3) bAMdhaNu baMdha (4) apaTajaMghA (5) bara.... trIratha - be karyuM ane 2 jaMkI-vaga vibhAgamAM zikhara skaMdha sudhInuM tenA dIpIkAH siMha : khUNuM paranI | udaya vibhAga karNa--rekhA; prathama bhUmi tenAM bhUmi Amalaka; aMdhAne siMha beu | paMcaratha- karNa (1) dvitIyabhUmi ane te para bhUmi AmalakaH ema kacathI daza bAjuthI siMha thAya che. pratiratha (2) bhUmi ane dazabhUmi Amalaka caDAve che. gujarAtamAM jema nIce kaI prANI ke manuSya kRti. ghaTa-mATalAnA thara caDAve che tema bhUminA sthAne uddagamanA pratiratha (4) thara te para vadhArAne gaLe, uddagamanA tharane bhUmi ane vAdha gajavirala .. karNa (5) rAvALA gaLAne bhUmi AcAlaka kahe che. dazabhUmi para "bIsama - siMha virAlI zIkharanI ubhI rekhAne kaNaka bAdhaNAne skaMdha nA kahe che. muMDa : zIlIMga chata | >> >> paDharAne anurahA 3 sattA-varga vibhAgamAM zikharanA audha UparathI staMbhano vITAyalA nAga : nAgI paga kaLazanA mastaka sudhInA cAra vibhAga (peTAbhAga) (1) bekI nAgapati ) ,, , bharate rahApaga paga Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 573 meghezvara bhuvanezvaranA pUrva bhAge pharatA kampAunDa vALuM mukatezveranuM nAma paNa ati suMdara alaMkRta maMDovara maMdira che. maMdira pazvimAbhimukhanuM che. maMdira saMbhALa vagara vALu ekAMDIka suMdara zIkhara alaMkRta nAjuka maMdirane maMDapa avAvarU rahe che tenA bahAranA ghATamAM lIla bAjhI javAthI eka AgaLa che tenA para daza tharanI phAsanA che. maMdIra pharatu kALuM paDeluM dekhAya che maMdiranA maMDovara zIkharanuM kAma ThIka nIcu kampAunDa ghATavALuM che AgaLa suMdara teraNa goLa che ghATavALuM che zIkhara ekAMDIka che maMDovarane be jaMdhA che. te be sthULa staMbhe para ubheluM chepazcima mukhanuM maMdira che pahelI jaMghA paranI bIjA thara barAbara traNa gekhalAnuM uta mukatezvaranA maMdiranI suMdaratA ane alaMkRtatA AkhA bhuvaneraMga taLa che. varanA samuha maMdiramAM tenA jevI kayAMya nathI pratimA vidhAna utama keTInuM che tenA maDevaranA aMge pAMganA bhadramAM maMDapa pAchaLathI thayelA taddana sAde samukha eka matio para uMcA chAjalIvALA zIkhara che jaMdhA ekaja che. hATavALA che cekIyALInI prathA bhuvanezvaramAM kayAMye nathI je gujarAtamAM che. maMDapane sAdI be jaMghA che maMDapa para agyAra mukatezvaranA AgaLanA cekamAM tenI sanmukha nAnA tharanI kAsanA sArI che maMDapanA taLathI garbhagRha traNa phaTa ekAMDIka zIkhare che. dakSiNe nAga12. uttare mUkatelara ane nIcuM che mAM zIvalIMga padharAvela che tethI lIganI sthApanA bIlezvara ekAMDI zIkhara che. bIjA nAnA paNa ekAMDIka prAcina jaNAya che. pITha jarAya nathI. zIkhare che. mukatezvaranA vizALa kampAunDanA vAyavya tarapha sidadhevanuM ekAMDIka zIkhara ekamaMDapavALuM che. te para daza bhAskarezvara pazcimAbhimukhanuM ATha phUTa uMcI jagatI tharanI phAsanA che. A maMdira pUrvAbhimukha suMdara alaMkRta che. (eTalA) para phakta eka pazcima dvArane garbhagRha che. AgaLa maMDapa nathI jagatI AgaLa nIkaLatI nathI tene traNa bAju | mukatezvaranA cekathI uttare ekAMDIka naTarAjanuM nAnuM bhadra ThIka kADhelA che mULa maMdiranI phAsanA nava gharanI uMcI maMdira che tenI be bAju tevuM ja lakSamIjInuM maMdira che. bIjA che A prAsAdanI ubhaNI udayamAna vadhu che. maMDovarane be paNa nAnA maMdire che. siddhezvara pAse eka nAnuM maMdira che jaMghA devarUpa vagaranI che maMdiranI jagatI (eTalA ) UMcI tenA zikharanA sthAne vicitra ghATavALuM zirSaka che. jene che temAM kuMbhe kaLaze kevALa eka jaMghAna para be ghaTAvALA uDIyAnA mahArANuM zilpIonI bhASAmAM "khAkharA maMdira thare che pITha nathI ahIM svacchatAno abhAva che. brakezvara paMcAyatana :- A maMdira kampAunDa baMdha siddhezvara pAse eka sAdu paNa suMdara maMdira kuMbhAche temAM cAra khUNe cAra nAnA zivAlaya paMcAyatananuM che pUrva kaLaza kevALanA ghATavALa sAdI jaMdhA para chajAnA jevAM be mukhane prAsAda che paMcAyatananI cAre darIe ekAMDIka che thaze karI te para paMcADIka zikhara suMdara lAge che. bhuvanezvara mULa prAsAda paNa ekAMDIka che tenA zIkharamAM rekhAkaNuM maMdira samuhamAM mukatezvara mukuTa samAna suMdara adabhuta che. pratirathamAM cheDA upADavALA zRMge kRtrima batAvelA che mULa maMdirane be jaMghAne alaMkRta eka maMDevara che maMDapane ekaja kezavaranuM maMdira-mukatezvaranA kaMmpAunDa bahAra jaMghA che mULa maMdira sAthe ja maMDapanuM nirmANa thayeluM che paraMtu gupamAM Avela che; sAdA ghATa ane sAmAnya nakazIvALuM zIkhara nIcethI DeDa upara sudhI khUba alaMkRta kuDAla vALuM che. maDevara be jaMdhAyukata che. pITha nathI ekaMdare ekAMDIka che ahIM pITha nathI. maMdira pharate ceka che. khuNA para A zIkhara kahI zakAya tevuM che. zIkharanA kaNe upasatA jevA thata che. zragaM batAvela che. tenA bhapara uruga judu batAvela che bIjI jaMghAnA ardha bhAge traNa bAju bhadranA gokhalAnI sAme 1. AgaLa daza tharanI phAsanAvALo eka maMDapa che. chAjalInuM taLa che maDapa para agyAra tharanI phAsanA che gaurimaMdira-kedArezvaranI sAme khuNAmAM suMdara maMdira maMDapanA bhadranA khUNe nAnI phAsanA che. maMDapanuM che tene maMDovaranA tharavALA sAdA ghATavALAne eka ja aMdhAmAM AgaLanuM hATa ucu 6. 4. ane 3 4. paheltha che muLa gokhalAo cheH bIjI jaMdhA nathI. gekhalAnA upara pAMca prAsAda ane maMDapanA maMDovara deva svarUpathI alaMkRta che chAjalInA zIkhara jevI AkRti karela che. rekhAkaNe maMDevaramAM dvArano utaraMga pahelI jaMghAnA deDhIyAnA vaccenA levala pramANe ja uparApara be deva svarUpo kaMDArelAM che. che. maMDapanA bhadranA Upara phAsanAmAM maLe Udgama (bhaM) karI tenI be bAju bhadranA khuNe nAnI jaMdhA caDAtI kUTa karI phA. ahInuM zIkhara judA prakAranuM che. amuka tharamAM ghATa sanI sAthe meLavela che. te suMdara lAge che. gaDhamAM samukha karI te para kaLaza mukI pharI uparApara ghATonI paMtI uparApraveza dvAra nathI bAjumAM che AgaLa gaDhathI 25-30 phUTa para che. zIkharane uparano bhAga khaMDita thayela hovAthI teno AgaLane ekAMDIka sAdA maMdiro che. jIrNoddhAra keI ajJAnI zilpInA hAthe thayela hoI vikRta Jain Education Intemational

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574 rUpa karela che. midarane pITha nathI AgaLa eka maDapa cAra chAjalInA gharanI phrAMsanA vALuM che. mULa prasAdanA suMdara ma ghara AgaLa maMDapanA mavara ghaDo gaNuM lAge che je pAchaLa thI thayela hoya tema jaNAya che. paraza rAmezvaranuM maMdira- sAtamI sahInuM vadhu nu che pazcimAbhimukhanu A maMdira kampAunDa baMdha che. moTA ghATavALo sAro maDAbA nIcA pITha vagaranA che. movaranA karyuM nA gokhalAnA cakAnA ghara parathI jyAre bhanA gokhalA kuMbhAthI paNa nIcA che. A vicitra zilpanI rIta che bhI rekhAne geAkhalA uMcA che. ekAMDIka zIkhara latAe (kuDacalA) thI alaMkRta che. prAsAdanA vistAra pramANathI zIkharane Amaka ahIMnA bhInna dAnI apekSA e kaMIka nAnA gupa che. AgaLa lAMbo saDapa temAM vacce cAra cAra staMbha UbhA karela che ahIM vicitra e che ke ahIMnA badhA maMdironA maMDapa para chAnIvALA phAsanAthI AcchAdita karela che jayAre ahI maMdira ane vaitAla ema be midAnA maMDapane traNa bAju DhALavALA chAparAnI jema chata nAkhI AcchA dila karela che sAtamI sadImAM A prathA pracalIta haze. saurASTranA kadavAra ane sUtrapADAnA A kALanA madiramAM paNa Aja rIte acchA dita karela che te maMDapa paranA AvA chAparA jevA acchAdanathI baitAla maMdira paNa sAtamI zatAbdInA arasAnu hoya. para zArmecaranA mApane sanmukha eka pravezadvAra che. bAjumAM jALI ke Apu bhuvane rastA mAdAmAM ghaNuM sthaLe che. kedAre vastu ekAMDIka zIkharavALu maMdira pazcima bimbanu sAdA mAvaravALu che. mULa mukatezvavarathI bhuvanezvara taraphanA rastApara Avela che. tenA pAchaLa kuMDa che tenA be khUNe, ekAMDIka zIkharavALI nAnI devakulikAo che koTezvavara maMDapa rahIta che. vaitAla devatAne madiranAM maMDovara suMdara alaMkRta deva svarUpAvALA che A maMdiranI racanA bhuvaneranA sarve madirAthI pRthaka tarI Ave che. AvI zailInA maMdirane zilpamAM 'valabhI' kahela che tenI paheALAi karatAM vistAra vadhu hAya che eTale lakha cArasa garbhagRha hoya che tevuM prAcina maMdira chaThThI sAtamI zatAbdInu saurASTramAM prabhAsa paNa pAse kadavAranuM dharArDa maMdira che e ke tenu upara judu che. bhi tamAM prasAde pAMcamI sAttamI zatAbdImAM sAdA rUpamAM vAmAM Ave che. mahAbalIpuramAM yajJabhI zailInA ti maLe che. madhya pradeza bAvIcara kIllA para rolI, tai Mgala maMdiranI kurti AvA prakAranI paNa bhavya che. bharatA sthApatyanI prAsAdanI vio kahI temAMnI A valabhI eka prakAra che. bhuvanezvaranA A vaitAla devaLanA pasAdanA pakSe bhAgamAM paMcAMga kaDiyA bhASAmAM paMcaratA ane pAchaLanA vistAravALA bhAgane paNa paMcAMga karI tenI jadhAmAM pAMca ubhA deva devIonA svarUpe mukelA che te azecAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bAga--2 paMcAMganA upAMgo upara sudhI ghATamAM cAlyA jAya che. vaitAla devalane AgaLa pAchaLane UparanA prathama bhAga adhagALAkAra karI te para pharI upara ardhagoLAkAra karI tenA vistAranI labAI vadhu hovAthI ekanA badale baLu Avaka ane kaLaza caDAvela che. kiMDamAM AvA prakAra jovAmAM Ave che. A maMdiranA ghATa nakazI uparanI gALAi sudhI ghaNAM suMdara che. gALAya bhAgathI badhuM upara sAduM plAtara che. AvA prakAranA valabhI zikhara AgaLa pAchaLa namelA hoya che tema bhAnuM pAnA pAtra nakazI lagabhaga eka sUtramAM hoya che te namatA thatA nathI. caitAla devaLanA kAgaLa be bAju DhALa vALA chApavA jevA nIcA maDapa che. temAM vacce thAMbhalA UbhA karelA che. temAM cAra ve cAra ekAMIka zIkharavALI nAnI devakulIkAo (darIo) che. A maMdiranI bAjunA bhAgamAM dakSiNa tarapha rastA para teAraNu che. A pradezanA zilpIe mahArANA maDApAsa che teonA kuTuMbe judA judA gAmAmAM vaselA che. teo pAse hasta lIkhIta graMtha saMgraha hoya che. pazcima bhAratamAM sAmapurA jAti nA zilpIe vase che te zilpakamAM praviNa gaNAya che tenA hastalIkhIta graMtha saMgraha dharAve che. jyAre bhAratamAM erisAmAM mahArANA zilpIe che. ***** oooooooooooooo ooocc0000000 Cfice Tel ; 551826/27/28 Mills Tel ; 310187 Grams; SAMTULA BHARAT VELVETS Manufacturers of ; VELVET- VEL ; VETEENS & CORDUROY Prop ; The Aditya Textile Industries P. Ltd. Mills ; Kutla-Andheri Road, BOMBAY-72. Regd. Office ; 631. Gazdar House Girgaum Road, BOMBAY-2 oooooooooooo.000000

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bhArata varSanA keTalAka darzanIya sthAno 1 kAzI che. Do. ela. DI. jethI jAnI vAta vikhyAta che. bhagavAna budhe pitAnA sarva prathama bhArata dezanA hRdaya samuM kAzInagara mAnavajAtinA upadeza kAzInA sAranAthe snAnethI ja ApyAM hatAM. buddhanA itihAsamAM prAcInatama vidyAdhAma che. bAra jyotiliMgamAM samayamAM kAzI kauzala sAmrAjyane bhAga hate. hyuenasaMga nuM eka zivalIMga atre virAje che. bhagavAna vizvanAthane A 7mI sadImAM kAzI nA mulAkAte Avela te lakhe che. ke kAzImAM darabAra che. "kAzI kabahuM na Diye vivanAtha darabAra!" 20 maMdire che. ja atiliga bhagavAna zivanuM A sthAna hindujAti kAzImAM prAcInatama zakti pITha paNa che satinA 51 mATe mekSanA drAra samu che. bhArata | janmI ne ke bhAratanA kaTakAmAMthI DAbe hAtha atre pale zivazaktinA Adya sthApravAse AvIne je kaMI kAzayAtrA cUkI jAya che tene nathI kAzI bhAratIya asmitAne AgAra che. phegaTa phere kahevAya ! kAzI gayA ane prayAga traNa savottama kAzI khaMDamAM nirupaNa che ke :tIrtho che. " trIleyayanagare vAtra kAzI rAjagRhemama !" arthAta dhArmika tathA sAMskRtika mahatvanI sAthe sAthe kAzIne svayaM bhagavAna zaMkara kahe che ke traNa leka maLIne eka kAzIeka Agavo itihAsa paNa che. videzI AkramaNakAroe nagara je mAre sanAtana nivAsa sthAna che. kAzInagara tathA vivekavara maMdira para anekavAra AkramaNa karyA ane vinAza saryo sikaMdara lehIe 1494mAM kAzIna marIrImAM kAzI mATe leka kaleka kahe che ke - gara upara vijaya prApta karI ane vizvanAthanA maMdirane Da Da sIDhI saMnyAsI saMpUrNa nAza karyo. eTaluM ja nahi teNe maMdiranA punanirmANa Inase bace te seve kAzI" para paNa pratibaMdha mUko. varSo pachI ghora duSkALa paDyo. ane uparanA cArathI bace te kAzI sevAya ane svarga prApta thAya. te samayanA samartha siddha puruSa tathA vidyAne nArAyaNa bhaTTane , rAmezvara, prayathI bAdazAhe pratibaMdha uThAvI lIdho. pariNAme 1569 bhAratanA dakSiNa cheDe samudra kinAre bhagavAna zrI rAme maMdirano navanirmANa thaye paratu pharIthI durbhAgyane paM zivanA tilijanI sthApanA karIne pitAnA nAme "rAme paDayo ane 1969mAM AlamagIra auraMgajhebe te pharIthI nAza karyo. AjanuM maMdira mahArANI ahalyAbAI dvArA 1783mAM vara" saMjJA ApI. laMkA paranI caDhAInA samaye tyAMthI ja setubaMdha bAMdhyo bhAratIya sAMskRtinI ekatAnuM A sthaLa banAvarAvAyuM hatuM. (varuNA ) vArANu ane asI nadIonI vacce vistarela hovAne lIdhe kAzIne vArANu nI paNa kahevAmAM pratika che. badhA ja vargonA lake atre pUjA kare che. cAra Ave che. banArasa paNa pracalita nAma che je apabhraMza uccAra dhAmanI yAtrAmAnuM A eka anokhuM yAtrAdhAma che. himAlaya ja che. kAzI nAma saMbaMdhI nimnaka daSTavya che. bhAratanuM mAthuM che. te setubaMdha tenA paga samAna che. baMga samudra tathA arabI samudranuM A saMgama sthaLa che. rAmanA kAzateDatra yate tistadanAkhyayamIvara : ! sAthIdAra ane vizvakarmAnA pautra zrInanI kaLAthI 10 janA atA nAmApa cAstu kAzIta kathitavize !! " pahoLA ane 100 ejana lAMbA pUnI racanA atrethI atre asI ane gaMgA nadiyone saMgama pavitra paMkAya karavAmAM AvelI laMkA vijaya pachI vibhISaNane rAjyAbhiSeka che tyAM sUrya maMdira paNa che vArANu ane gaMgAnA saMgama sthaLe thaye tyAre vibhISaNe mAMgaNI karI ke setubaMdhana zrI rAma kezava maMdira vikhyAta che. paMcagaMgA ghATa para binda mAdhava nAza kare kAraNa ke tene upayoga karI bIje kaI Akramaka maMdira virAje paMca gaMgAghATa para pAMca nadinA saMgama paNa laMkA upara caSAI karI zake zrI rAmacaMdrajI ane vibhIthayela kahevAyela che. kIraNa dhRtapApa gaMgA yamunA ane SaNanI vAta svIkArI ane setubaMdhano nAza karyo A sthaLa sarasvatI A pAMcanuM atre milana thayeluM manAya che. dazAva dhanuSakoDI kahevAya che. ane viSNunuM setumAdhava maMdira paNa megha ghATa paNa atrenuM pavitra sthaLa che. maNikarNikA ghATa pavitra tIrtha sthAna che. ratnAkara ane mahAdadhi nAmaka samupaNa atrenuM pavitra ane prasidhdha sthaLa che. viSNunA kAnanI dRnA milana sathaLe atre vizALa "gapurama" dazanIya che maNi atre paDI gayela tevI maNikarNikA nAma paDyuM kahevAya draviDa zailInI vAstukaLAnA A viziSTa namUnAo advitIya che. che! kAzImAM karavata mUkAvIne bhavabaMdhanamAMthI mukti meLava- vivekAnaMda smAraka atreja che. che A vALA vitI laka kara ke nI racanA bhAva zrI ane karI lo koi che paNa laMkA karI ane setu" bI jaNunI vAta . aSAI karI tamAdhava maMdira ne Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA-2 176 ja A che yogamAM ja lA e 3. kurukSetra ja saMpanna thayA. ane atre jIta meLavanArA eja bhAratamAM | kurukSetra je dharmakSetra kahevAya che. tyAMthI bhagavAna zrI rAja karAnArA banyA. kRSNa gItAne upadeza Ape hate. pAMDe tathA kau (4 prayAgarAja: - vacce aDhAra divasanA yuddhanI Aja raNabhUmi che. ambAlAthI 25 mAIla pUrvamAM AveluM A sthaLa sthAne kavara nagarathI 1 bAdamAM varNana che ke gaMgA ane yamunA nA saMgama mAIla ja dUra che. pAnIpatanuM prasiddha yuddha medAna dilhIthI sthaLe deha cheDanAra svagane prApta thAya che prayAgarAja AvuM ja pa5 mAIla che. vaidika saMskRtinuM A kendra sthAna vAmana pavitra sthaLa cheA sthaLa pRthvIno madhyabhAga (kamarane bhAga) kALamAM prasiddha hatuM. kurukSetra yajJasthAna hatuM. atyAre dhabbara gaNAya che. prajApatio atre mahAna yajJa pUro karyo tethI te nadI tyAM vahe che. sarasvatI kurukSetranA raNamAM lupta thaI manAya sthaLa prayAga kahevAya che. tamAma tIrthomAM rAjAnI jema hoI che. je sthaLa Aje paNa puNya pavitra tIrthasthAna che. mahA prayAga (tIrtharAja) rAja kahevAya che. kurukSetra, gayA, virAja bhAratanA kALa ane yuddhapUve paNa A sthaLanuM mahAbhya rahyuM ane puSkara tathA prayAga A pAMca pRthvI para prajApati (brahmA) manAya che vedamAM paNa A sthaLanI prazasti paMkAya che sara- nA yajJa-vedI sthaLa che prayAgane prajApatikSetra paNa kahevAmAM Ave svatI ane gaMgAnA "do Aba" mAM Arya saMskRtane phelAvo che have alAhAbAda nAma paNa cAlu che atre gaMgA yamunA ane thaye. A pradezamAM kuru, paMcAla ane anya prajAo rahelI ane sarasvatI nadIne saMgama manAya che triveNI saMgamanA te siddha che. saravastI ane dizadvatI vacce A kurukSetra snAnano mahimAM ajaba che. sarasvatI aprakaTa rUpamAM vahe che. pradeza ura lokonA AdhipatyamAM hatuM. parikSita tathA jana - je prayAgathI puSkararAja jAya che prabhunI A priyabhUmi che. mejaya jevA prasiddha rAjAo kuru vaMzamAM A sthaLe rAjya paMDita javAharalAla naheru nI paNa prayAga jabhUmi che rAmAyaNa karatA hatA. parIkSitane vivasamrATa kahevAmAM Avyo che. kuru kALamAM bharadvAja munine Azrama Aja sthaLe hato. vanavAsa rAjAnA nAma parathI kurukSetra kahevAyuM. atre tapa karatAM athavA kALamAM bhagavAna rAma A AzramamAM AvelA dara bAra varSe yuddha karatAM maraNa pAmanArane svarga maLe tevI samajutI rAjA ane prayAgamAM kuMbhameLo bharAya che ane triveNI saMgama para kura ane Indra vacce thayelI. kaurava pAMDavonA yuddha vakhate lAkho leke snAna kare che. makarasaMkrAMtinA uttarAyaNa parva atre keTalIya akSohiNI senAne nAza thayele. kaLiyuganA prasaMge paNa atre hindu leke snAnArthe umaTe che. prAraMbhamAM thayela mahAbhArata yuddhane kALa 3101 i.pu. manAI che. zrAdha, tarpaNa tathA yajJa ane havana vidhi mATe A gaDha te citauDagaDha aura saba gayA saMpUrNa pavitra sthaLa manAya che. atre varaha rUpe viSNu rahyA tAla te bhUpAla tAla aura saba leyA he mA hovAthI A varAhatIrtha paNa kahevAya che. atre aneka tIrthone citaDano mahimAM hindu jAtinA itihAsamAM amara saMgama thayela che. che. raNu pratApanI smRti citaDa sAthe saMkaLAyelI che bhagavA A sthaLanuM aitihAsika mahatva raheluM che. sAtamI ekaliMgajI mevADanA sAcA mAlika manAya che. rANA te sadImAM mUkharIvaMzanA rAjA gRhamanI hatyA mALavarAja dvArA divAna tarIke zAsana karatA rahyA che mevADa moTe bhAge yuddha karavAmAM Avela. rAjA prabhAkara vardhananI putrI- rAjyazrI je bhUmi rahyu che khAsa karIne pavana AkramaNanuM sadA bhaMga banyuM samrATa harSavardhananI bena hatI ne gRhavarmAne paraNAvI hatI. citaDa para cAravAra muslima-AkramaNa thayA. 1303mAM te samaye sthAnevara kendrasthAna hatuM. rAjyavardhananI mRtyu alAuddIna khilajI caDhI AvyA. 14mI sadImAM mahamada pachI harSavardhana 606 i. mAM samrATa banyA. cInI yAtrI tugalaka A 1534mAM gujarAtane bahAdurazA AvyuM ane hyuenasAMge samrATa harSanA kaneja sthita darabAranI mulAkAta 1567mAM bAdazAha akabara Akramaka banyA. rANAsaMganA lIdhelI. 1014mAM mahamada gajanIe sthAnezvarane kane laI saMgrAmanI vAte itihAsa bhUlI zake tema nathI. ane rANA tene maMdira sahita nAza kare. pratApate hindujAtimAM sUrya samAna smaraNIya che. 1576nA 21 eprila 1526mAM pAnIpatanA prathama yudhdha tarIke junamAM laDAyela haladIghATI nuM yudhdha itihAsamAM aviramaragI che. paMkAyela laDAImAM bAbara ane IbrAhIma lAdI laDyA ane IbrAhIma lerI laDyA ane bAbaranI jIta thaI. jethI citoDano kile 3 mAIla lAMbo / mAIla pahoLe bhAratamAM mugala salatanatanI sthApanA thaI. pAnIpatanA che mIrA maMdira 120 phITa uce ane 30 phITa pahoLo jaya bIjA yudhdhamAM 1557 hemunI hatyA thaI hatI. pAnIpatanuM staMbha tathA kIti staMbha jevA jevAM che citoDanA killAmAM trIjA etihAsika yuddha 14 jAnevArI 1561nA reja Aja satienA hera thayelA che ane mahAsuMdarI mahArANI padminI kSetramAM saMpanna thayuM. Ama mahAbhAratanA yuddhathI mAMDIne sAthe itihAsa tyAga ane vIratAthI bhareluM che citeDa pAnIpatanA nAme oLakhAyela etihAsika, yudhdha kurukSetramAM itihAsanI amara gAthA samAna khaDe che. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 6 bhImazaMkara A bhUgu mahArAja mejuda hatA zivajInA apamAnamAM paNa pote bhagavAna zaMkaranuM jyotiliMganA dharAvatuM tIrtha sthAna zAmIla hatA ane zrApa ApyA bhagavAna viSNunI chAtImAM lAta che saidyAdI parvatamAM 3, 400 kITanI uMcAIe Avela ane mAranAra gurUSi pAte hatA bhagu saMjIvanI vidyA paNuM jANatA bhIma nadInA Udagama sthaLe sthira A ziva maMdira prAcIna hatA. jamadagnine temaNe punarjIvita karelA jamadanya tIrtha temaja pavitra che kALA pattharathI banela A maMdira punA te sthaLe che. jyAM narmadA sAgaranuM AliMgana kare che. jIllAmAM kheDathI 30 mAila para Avela che. A maMdiramAM 10 navadvIpa moTo naMdI darzanIya che ziva paMcamukha vALA che nAnA phaDana - pazcima baMgALamAM gaMgA nadInA eka TApu para vIse navuM zIva maMdira paNa banAveluM che tripurA sura rAkSazane AvelA navadvipa bhagavAna ramaitanyanI janmabhUmi chesaMskRta mArIne bhagavAna zive atre vAsakarele kahevAya che. bhASAnA adhyayananI atre prAcInatama ane bhavyatama vidyApITha 7 Indraprastha che 14mI sadImAM navadvIpanI vidyApITha pasiddha hatI. atre junI dirahIne kahevAmAM Ave che mahA bhAratanA kALathI ghaNuM ghaNA vidvAne thayA jemane sAhitya racanA karI taka A nagara suprasiddha che Indraprastha pAMDavonI rAjadhAnI hatuM zAstrI tathA dharma zAstrI mATe A yunivarsiTI advitIya yamunA nadInA kInAre A nagarane nirmANa thaye hate khAMDa- sthAna gharAvatI hatI rautanyane samaya 50 pAThazALao dhamajanana paNa Aja kSetranuM nAma hatuM kaure hastinApuramAM dhakAra cAlatI hatI, tanyanI prArthanA marma pazI bhAva rahetA DatA dehIna. june kIle Aje paNa yudhiSTharano mahela bharelI che. manAya che yamunA nadInA kAMThe nigamadha ghATa Aje paNa na ghana na gana ba gvarI davA navA gAma nama pavitra tIrtha sthAna manAya che Indra prasthanA Aja sthaLe rAja janmani janmanIsvare bhavatAda bhakitarahaituka tyayi sUrya yata thayo ne mAyAphUra dvArA bhavya sabhA maMDapa paNa atre banAvela jemAM pANI sthaLa jevuM dekhAtuM hatuM Aje caMdIgaDha te mahAbhArata kALanuM kazuMya khAsa bacavA pAmyuM nathI. caMdIgaDha paMjAbanI rAjadhAnI che tenI bAMdhaNI adyatana paranuM leka mAnasamAM indraprastha vase che hA. yamunA jarUra che. bhAkharA nAMgala baMdha darzanIya che. bhArata sarakAranI jaLa vahe che. cejanAne namUne jovA jevo che. 8 kapilavastu 11 gayA. bhAratIya saMskRtinA itihAsamAM maDatva pUrNa sthAna prayAga kAzI ane gayA traNe trIsthalI kahevAya che. traNa dharAve che. bhagavAna buddhanI A janma bhUmi che. ghAgharA ane pagalAmAM bhagavAna viSNue dIpAvelA sthAnamAM gayA paNa gaMDaka nadIo vacceno pradeza zAkya sAsaka nI rAjadhAnI eka che. samArohaNa, viSNu pada ane gayA zIrAja te traNe zAsana bhUmi hatI. samrATa azoka dvArA upasthita lATa buddhanA gayAmAM ja gaNAya che ane tene viSNu tIrtha tarIke oLakhAya janma sthAnanI yAda Ape che. atre mAyAdevInuM maMdira paNa che. ledhI vRkSanA nIce atre ja bhagavAna buddhane jJAna lAbha AveluM che mAyAdevI buddhanA mAtuzrI hatA. thaye gayAmAM zrAddha karI mukti meLavavAnI vAta vikhyAta che. 9 bhRgukaccha gayA nAmanA rAkSasanI smRtimAM gayA nAma paDayuM che. viSNu bharUca zaheranuM prAcIna nAma bhagu kacha che. revA athavA bhagavAna sahita samasta devatAo sadAne mATe gayAmAM ubhelA narmadA nadInA kinAre Avela bharUcane Aga itihAsa che. viSNupada kahevAya che kAraNa ke gayAnA sira para viSNu rahele che. prAcIna kALamAM bharuca bandara tarIke paNa paMkAtu pAte ubhA rahelA. budha gayAM prAcIna gayA hovAthI 7 mAIla hatuM revA kAMThA tIrtha tarIke paNa prasiddha che 8 0 mAIlane dakSiNamAM che. bAdha gayAmAM pIpala vRkSa nIce tapa karIne narmadAne kAMThe pavitra tIrthothI AbAda che. narmadA zivanI sidhAthe jJAna meLavyuM tyArathI te budha gayA kahevAya che. putrI manAya che. bodhI vRkSa saMsAramAM pavitra tathA prAcIna vRkSa manAya che. | 'puNya kanakhale gaMgA kurukSetra sarasavatI? gAme vA budhanuM maMdira paNa atre birAje che. yAdI vADarazya puNya sarvatra narmadA ? dazAdavaghATa pavitra sthAna bharadvAja muni e atre piMDadAna karyuM tyAre be hAtha che bhImano putra ghaTotkaca bharUcamAM rahele varNita che bali- dAna levA bahAra AvyA muni e pitAnI mAtAne pUchyuM tyAre rAjAe atre avamegha yajJa karela ane vAmanarUpa bhagavAna teNIe uttara Apyo ke eka hAtha mArA patine che ane viSNune pitAnuM rAjya dAnamAM ApI dIdhu hatuM bhRgutraSi bIjo hAtha mArA premIne che. banne hAthee piMDa lIdhA ane sarva prathama agnine pRthvI para lAvelA ane pachIthI bIjA mekSa pAmyA. pinDadAna ane zrAdhdhanI vidhi gayAmAM karanArane traSioe agninI pUjA AraMbha karI dakSaprajApatinA yajJamAM pitR devo mokSane avazya prApta thAya che. tema manAya che. Jain Education Intemational

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178 12 purI. utkala athavA erissAmAM jAjapura pAtI kSetra, koNArka sUrya kSetra, bhuvanezvara harakSetra ane purI purUSottama kSetra tarIke cAra tIrtha kSetra prasidhdha che. jagannAtha bhagavAna atre zrI kRSNarUpamAM birAje che. atrenA zrI dimAM kASTa mUrtio che. (1) zrI kRSNanI (2) balarAmanI ane (3) subhadrAnI traNe bhADuM che samudR kAMThe nIla parvata para A maMdira ramaNIya che. tInaleAkanA nAtha paramAtmA pAte ane birAje che. 120 dezano rAkhta baLyuM lAge che, jagannAtha mahinA TAyara 192 phITa uMcA che. jyAM viSNunI dhanta ke che. Avo nAtajAtanA gheDamAya rAMkhavAmAM AvatA nathI ane prabhunA prasAda chUta adbhUtathI para manAya che. badhAja prakAranA leAkeA sAthe prakAranA loko sAthe prasAda le che te mahutyanI vAta che. jagajI zakazathAye cAra mahenI sthApanA karelI temAM (1) zra'gerI maDa maiseramAM (2) dvArikA maTha saurASTramAM (3) badarImaMDa himAlayamAM ane (4) pUrNa ma ArassAmAM che. purI maDa geAvana pIDa tarIke oLakhAya che. ane kabIramA paNa che. kabIra agALa ane orissAmAM dharma pracAra karelA. kabIra pachI caitanya atre padhAryAM. purInI yAtrA siMha che. aSADha mAsanI ajavALI khIje rathayAtrA zarU thAya che. bhagavAnane ratha 45 phuTa UMcA 3pa phIjha sama corasa, cha kITanA gheravALA 16 paiDAvALA che. malarAma ane subhadrAnA ratha pramANumAM nAnA che. lAko, bhakto ratha pAne kheMce che. ane magadhAra sAthe yAtrA cAle che. 13 mA prasidhdha dakSiNa bhAratanuM madurAi te mInAkSI devInuM yAtrAdhAma che. bhagavatI mInAkSI ane bhagavAna zaMkaranuM tyAM tItha che. suvaranA nAmathI zara bhagavAna ALakhAya che. puravALA be joDIyA mA bhavya lAge che sauthI moTo gopura 152 phITa UMcA che. devI kadambana rvAsinI paNa kahevAya che. azvamegha yajJotA karanArA paDayA zAsakonI madurAI rAjadhAnI hatu. indra dvArA zivanI atrenA kaMdakhavanamAM pUjA karyAnI vAta prasidhdha che. caitra zukala pUrNi mAnA rAja atre madurAImAM bhAre utsava manAvAya che. devI mInAkSI ane sundarezvara zakaranA lagna atre thayelA bhagavAna zaMkara DAbA paga para nAcatA dekhAya che. parantu atre te jamaNA paga para nAcatA dekhAya che. madiranA bhavya maMDapa vAstukaLAnA uttama namunA che. devInu nAma mInAkSI che kAraNa che ke tenI AMkho mAchalI jevI che. kALA pattharanI devInI pratimA suMdara ane AkarSIka che. 14dvArA purAkti che ke manunA putra cayAti ne ana nAmanA putra hatA. tene paNa putra hatA jenu nAma hatuM revata. anata eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 para A raivata kuzasthalIne rAjadhAnI rAkhIne rAja karatA hatA. A nagara ja dvArakA athavA dvArAmatI DhahevAya che. revatane putra zaivatanA putra rauvata thayA razaivatane ravatI nAmanI putrI hatI. dvArakAmAM teno vivAha balarAma sAthe thayeluM. kRSNe mathurAmAM kaMsano vadha karyA magadhanA jarAsaMghano madhurA para bhayaMbaMdhatA zrIkRSNa saurASTramAM dariyAkAMThA tarapha AvyA ane dvArakAmAM kIllA banAvya vatarka paryaMta paNa tyAMthI dUra na hato. Ama zrIkRSNa dvArA dvArikA vasAvavAmAM AvI hatI. RSiyAnA zrApathI yAdavA prabhAsa kSetramAM pasamAM laDIne marI kIyA. zrIkRSNe paNa pAtAno deha prabhAsa kSetramAM pIpaLanA vRkSa nIce tyAga karyo. zrIkRSNanA tyAga pachI dvArakA samudramAM samAi gai ema kiMvadantI che. Ama zrIkRSNa dvArA sthApavAmAM Avela dvArakAtA samudra dvArA daTAi gai paraMtu Aja navI dvArakAtI kSetra tarIke vidyamAna che. dvArakA saurASTranA pazcima kinArAnuM baMdara paNa che. zrRMgerI, purI, badrI ane dvArakAe cAra bhAdya zaMkarAcAya dvArA sthApelA cAra maLe che. ane dvArakA satanadAyaka purImAMnI eka che. dvArakAnA pITha zALA pIDa' kaThavAya che. bhagavAna dvArakAdhIze narasiMha mahetAnI huMDI svIkArI te kathA prasiddha ane pracalita che. bhagavAna radhuDarAyanuM maMdira paNa atre tIrthaM sthAna che dvArakAthI 20 mAila para meTa dvArakA Avela che. 15 una skaMdapurANa kahe che ke bhagavAna zaMkare tripurAsUra para vijaya meLavI, tethI ujayanI nAma paDyu. mALavAnI ne rAjadhAnI hatI. pradezane ati nAme paNa apAyu che. ujjaina ne paNa avanti kuzastrI, padmAvatI kumuhatI. amarAvatI. vizAlA vagere nAmothI vadhungyu che. zrIpA nahInA jamaNe kAMThe A nagara vaselu che. yuddhakALamAM paNa avanti kSetranI jAheAjalAlI hatI. samrATa azeke ujajainanI eka viSNuka devI sAthe zAdI karelI kahevAya che. mahendra ane sagha mitra temanA sattAna thayA. gupta samrAnA rAjapuruSo atre nimAyA hatA. rAjA rSikamAdityanI rAjadhAnI tarIke ujjaina prasiddha che. vikrama saMvatanI sthApanA teNe ja karelI je 23 rakSarI I. 11 57 thI pracalita che. caitAla puccIsI ane khatrI putalInI vArtAe A vikramarAjA sAthe saMkaLAyela che. vikramanA darabAramAM ujjayinImAM nala nA hatA. 1 dhanvantarI 2. marsiDa 5 vaitAlabhaTTa 7 kAlidAsa 2kSapaNuka 4 zaMku 6 ghaTakhapara 8 vAgaDIra ane huM jarUci, hyuenasAMganA AgamAna vakhate ujjayinImAM bAju rAjA hato. pAchaLathI paramArAnuM rAjya sthapAyuM. mukhya ane tenA bhatrIjA bhojadeve dhArAnagarIne rAjadhAnI rAkhIne mALavA pradeza para ThIka ThIka rAjya kareluM. avatinkA athavA ujjayinI

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha pa9 nI sAta mokSadAyaka nagarImAMthI eka putrI che. dasabAra varSe saurASTramAM gayA ane dariyA kAMThe dvArikA nagarInI sthApanA ujajainamAM kuMbha meLo bharAya che. brahaspati jyAre samudra karI. mathurA mATe kahevAya che ke-"mathurAmAM kRtaM pApaM mathurAyAM maMthanamAMthI prApta amRtane ghaDe lai ne bhAgyA tyAre cAra vinazyati " sthaLoe the DuM amRta DhoLAyuM te che. (1) ujajaina (2) prayAga (3) haradvAra (4) nAsika. 19 paMDharapuraujajainamAM harisidadha mAtAnuM maMdira che te zakitapITha che. paMDharapura selApurathI 40 mAIla pazcimamAM AveluM che. mahAkAlezvara mahAdevanuM maMdira che. atre ziva tiliMga bhIma nadInA kinAre Avela mAnuM A mukhya tIrthasthAna che vidyAmAna che dUSaNavAmanA rAkSasano vadha karavA bhagavAna zaMkara paMDharapuranI madhyamAM AveluM viThobAnuM maMdira pavitra tIrtha che pragaTa thayA ane bhakatonI prArthanAthI tyAM sthira thayA saMta nAmadevanA nAmathI mukhya dvAranuM nAma nAmadeva dvArA che. tethI mahAkALa tiliMga ujaina nuM parama pavitra tIrtha nAmadeva 13mI sadImAM thaI gayA che viThobA kRSNanuM ja rUpa che sthAna che. harasidhdhi mAtA navadUrgAdevImAMnI eka che ane rAjA vihebAnA patnI rukamaNI che nAmadeva jJAnezvara ane tukArAma vikramanI ArAdhya devI hatI. saMdIpa Azrama tathA bhartuharinI jevA saMte mahArASTramAM thayA che paMDharapuranI yAtrA mahatva guphA paNa atre darzanIya che. pUNa gaNAya che. (16) kAMcI athavA kAMjIvarama ra0 zragerI dakSiNa bhAratanuM prAcInatama nagara che sAta paviMtra nagara maisera rAjyamAM tuMgabhadrA nadIne DAbe kInAre aMgerI mAM, A paNa eka che. nagara be bhAgamAM che. eka zivakAMcI sthita che. atrethI 9 mAIla cheTe zRMgerInI girimALAo che. ane bIju viSNukAMcI kAzI ane kAMcI zivanI banne AMkho rAmAyaNamAM varNita kASTa zRMga Aja sthaLa che. kAvyazRMga traSi samAna che. kAMcImAM ziva ane viSNu ane tIrtha samAna che. dvArA saMpanna yajJathI rAjA dazarathane cAra putra pedA thayA hatA. kAMcImAM kAmAkSI maMdira paNa darzanI - che. atre zrI zaMkarAcArya abhyazRMga parvata para zivanuM malilakArjuna maMdira paNa AveluM no kAmakeTi pITha paNa che. che. parvata pAsenA zRMgerI sthAnamAM Adyaguru zrI zaMkarAcArya 17 ayodhyA 8mI sadImAM maThanI sthApanA karelI. bIjA maTha dvArakA badarI ane jagannAthapurImAM sthApyA. A cAra maThate cAradhAmanI sAta mokSadAyaka pavitra nagaromAMnuM eka che. manu yAtrA tarIke oLakhAya che. ( 31 0 IpUrva) lAratane prathama samrATa hatuM ane teNe adhyAnagarInI sthApanA karelI sUryanadInA kAMThe Avela 21 aMbikA adhyA phaijAbAdathI 4 mAIla para che. sidhu, sarasvatI ane sUrya nadIno ullekha karvedamAM che. dilIpa radhu, aja ane ArAsura parvata para Avela aMbikA mAtAnuM sthAna dazaratha jevA pratApI rAjAonA kuLamAM rAjA rAma thayelA Abu parvata pAse vidyAmAna che je uttara gujarAtamAM Ave je dhyAthI vanavAsa gayA A rAma mananA 6pamAM uttarA che. kheDa brahmAmAM choTA aMbAjI bIrAje che. ane dAMtA aMbAjI dhikArI hatA. rAma pachI yodhyAmAM kuza rAjA banyA tarIke oLakhatA moTA aMbAjI ArAsura para vase che. sarasvatI nadIne ugama atrethI thAya che. je siddhapura pAsethI adhyA jainatIrtha paNa che tIrthakara AdinAtha athavA pasAra thaI ne kacchanA raNamAM lupta thaI jAya che. sarasvatInA 2Sabhadeva je nAbhI rAjAnA putra hatA te IvAkuvaMzamAM thayA udgama pAse keTezvara mahAdevanuM maMdira AveluM che. Abu ayodhyA SabhadevanI paNa janmabhUmi che. pharahAna ane yena parvata vaziSThAzrama, sarasvatI saMgama, acakadhara, keTizvara sAMga bannee ayAnI mulAkAta lIdhelI. carI che tenI pUjA thAya che. pAvAgaDha parvata para Aja aMbikA 18 mathurA devI bhadUkALInA rUpamAM birAje che. aMbAjInuM sthAna zakti mathurAnagarI yamunA nadIne kinAre Avela che. rAmanA pITha tarIke paMkAya che. atyAre gujarAtamAM traNa mukhya zakti bhAI zabUnadvArA tenI sthApanA thayelI manAya che. yadurAja pITha pUjAya che. aMbAjI ArAsura; (bALa aMbAjI) bahucaugrasenano putra kaMsa kara hatuM. kaMsanI bahena pavitra strI rAjIH ane pAvAgaDha para mahAkALI (bhadrakALI, aMbAjInA hatI te vivAha vasudevajI sAthe thayo hato. kRSNa kesano maMdirathI lagabhaga traNa mAIla para gabarano gokha Avela che. vadha karyo ane ugrasenane pharIthI gAdIe besADaze. jarAsaMghe gabara parvata para aMbAjI maMdiramAM dIpa jyota jalatI rahe pAchaLathI anekavAra mathurA para caDhAI karelI tethI zrIkRSNa che je aMbAjInA maMdiramAMthI traNa mAIla parathI dekhAya che. bhI rAjanA putra hatuM. hayAna ane huyena para vAta prasiddha che. aMbAjImAM vapara Aja aMbikA Jain Education Intemational

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580 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 22 zrIraMgama - keza, devaprayAga, nagara radra prayAga thaI javAya che. kedArakAverI nadInI be zAkhAo vacce zrIraMgamane TA nAthathI camolI pIpalaTI, garUDa gaMgA joSImaDa, vipu Avela che. tricanApalIthI traNeka mAIla uttare A sthaLa che. prayAga pAMDukezvara, hanumAna caTI ane badarInAtha, alakanaMdA kAverI nadI be bhAgamAM vaheMcAIne pharIthI AgaLa jaI eka thaI nadInA jamaNuM kinAre badrInAtha maMdira jAya che. Ama be bhAge vacceno pavitra pradeza tIrthasthAna phITanI UMcAIe Avela A maMdira nara ane nArAyaNa che. vibhISaNane zrIrAme potAnA kuLaguru zrI raghunAthajIne pUjA prabhAta pahADonI vacce che. Adya zaMkarAcArya dvArA sthApita mATe AvelA. mUti laIne jatAM rastAmAM zrIra gamanA sthAne A maMdira navamI sadImAM nimita manAya che. nArada kuMDamAMthI vibhISaNe mRti bhUmi para mUkI dIdhI tethI te kAyama mATe mRti kADhIne zaMkare tenI sthApanA karI hatI. atre rahI gaI. tyArathI zrIraMgama khAte radhunAthajInI mUrti "sarva tIrthopu rAjendra tIrtha loko vipnatama pUjAya che. zrI raMgamanuM maMdira moTAmAM moTuM che. tenA dara puSkara nAma vikhyAta mahAmAgaH samA1i ???? vAjA ane gepura vizALa che. caturbhuja bhagavAna raghunAthanA darzana ane kAverI nadInuM snAna mekSadAyaka manAya che. 25 8 ka2 23 kedAranAtha ajamerathI sAta mAIla pazcimamAM puSkara sarovara badarInAthanA yAtrAdhAma pachI kedArezvaranA yAtrA mahatva Avela che. ajamera ane puSkara vacce nAga parvata Avelo purNa manAya che. kedAranAtha himAlaya parvatamAM 1173pa phITanI che. patharIlA be pahADonI vacce A suMdara sarovara sehAmaNuM uMcAIe Avela che kedArezvara bhagavAna ziva pote che. rUdra bhAse che. je puSkara rAjanA nAmathI vikhyAta che. badarI purI himAlaya nAmaka parvata zikhara A maMdira sthita che jamanetrI zRMgerI, rAmezvara ane dvArikAnI jema puSkara snAna vinAnI ane gaMgotrInA darzana karyA pachI kedAra darzane javAya che. yAtrA vyartha lekhAya che. jagatapitA brahmAjI ame sadAkAra haridvArathI RSikeza ApI deva prayAga javAya che. jamatrIthI vase che. kArtika mAsamAM pura unAna karanAra brahmane prApta uttara kAzI thaI gaMgotrI ane tyAMthI gaurIkuMDa ane pachI kedAra nAtha. vASikezathI sIdhA paNa kedAranAtha javAya che. deva auraMgajhebe puSkaranAthanA maMdirano nAza karyo hate. prayAga, zrI nagara, ruddha prayAga ane ukhImaTha thaI kedAra pAchaLathI rAjapUta rAjAoe navA maMdira banAvarAvyA brahmA javAya che. bIjo rasto kATha godAma vAyA bhImatAla thaI badrInArAyaNa varAhajI Amezvara mahAdeva ane sarasvatInA kanyA prayAga ane camolI thaI ukhImaTha ane kedAra avAya maMdirathI puSkaratIrtha zobhAyamAna che. caturmukha brahmAnI camelIthI viSNu prayAga thaI kedAranAtha prayANa thAya che mATe mUrtivALuM brahmAjInuM maMdira mukhya che. mUrtinI DAbI bAju bhAge loke haridvArane raste thaI jAya che. ane kAThagodAmane gAyatrI ane jamaNI bAjue sAvitrI che. yakSa kuMDanI pAse raste pAchA phare che. kedAranAtha pAsethI maMdAkinI nadIne agatya munine Azrama paNa che. rAma lakSamaNa ane sItAe dUgama sthAna che jene kAlIgaMgA paNa kahevAya che. A nadI paNa puSkaramAM snAna karyuM hatuM rAjA parIkSite puSkaramAM sarpa AgaLa jatAM alaka naMdAne bheTe che je badarInAtha pAsethI yajJa karele kahevAya che. gujarAtamAM kheDabrahmAmAM paNa bahmAjInuM pasAra thAya che. rudra prayAga pAse A saMgamamAM snAna maMdira che. jemAM bhagavAna bahmAjInI bhavya pratimA birAje che. mahamya che badarI ane kedAra vacce parvata paDe che. nahitara laMbANu bahu ochuM che. kedAranAthanA liMga para dhRtAdi pUjA ra6 nAsika caDhe che. A bhagavAna zivanuM jyotiliga che. kArtikeyane godAvarI nadInA kinAre nAsIka nagara AveluM che. atre janma ApyA pachI gaurIe jyAM snAna karela te gaurIkuMDa 23 paMcavaTInu pavitra tIrthasthAna che. A eja sthaLa che. jyAM lamaNe garama jaLavALe che. gaurI DathI kedAranAthano 11 mAIlane zurpaNanA nAka ane kAna kApI lIdhA hatA. A kAraNanA mArga che kedAranAthathI cAra mAIla para bhairava jApanI ceTI lIdhe ja nAsIka nAma paDayuM haze. nAsIkamAM paNa dara bAra che. jyAMthI loko khINamAM kUdI paDI mRtyune bheTatA hatA varSe kuMbhameLo bharAya . vyaMbakanuM tIrtha paNa atrethI baha kedAranI yAtrA karyA vagara badarInI yAtrA vyartha thAya che. dUra nathI. godAvarI nadImAM snAnanuM moTuM mahAbhya che. gedAra badarInAthamAM zaMkarAcArya dvArA sthApita timaTha che. kedA varI nadIne eka kinAre nAsika nagara che. ane bIje kinAre ramAM zaMkarAcArye pitAno dehatyAga karyAnI vAta pracalita che. paMcavaTInuM sthAna che. nAsikamAM sATha jeTalA maMdire AvelA 24 badarInAtha che. cuMbakamAM bhagavAna zaMkaranuM tiliMga che. godAvarI - badarInAthamAM zaMkarAcAryane jyotirmaTha che. atre zrI nadI dakSiNanI gaMgA che. I. pUrvI. 20 varSa agAu paNa viSNunA avatAra nArAyaNa prabhunuM maMdira che. haridvArathI trASi nAsIka prasidhdha hatuM. 1680 mAM auraMgajhebe dakSiNa vijayanA Jain Education Intemational

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graMtha smRti saMdarbha 581 samaye nAsIkanA maMdirane saMhAra karyo zivAonA rAjyamAM dakSa prajApatie yajJa Adaryo tyAre sati nimaMtraNa maMdire pAchA karAyA. nahi maLyuM chatAMya tyAM gaI tyAM zaMkaranuM apamAna jetA sati paMcavaTImAM guphAo AvelI che. sItA guphA mukhya e pitAno prANa tyAga karyo zivaAthI kedhita thayA ane satinA mRtadehane laIne nAcavA lAgyA zaMkarane zAMta karavA che. nAsIkanuM zrIrAma maMdira bahu ja bhavya tathA suMdara maMdira devatAo viSNu pAse gayA vinue pitAnA cakrathI zabanA che. rAma vanavAsa kALamAM rahyA hatA te ja A sthaLa che. bAvana kaTakA karIne cAre dizAomAM pheMkI dIdhA jyAM jyAM maMdiramAM rAma, lakSamaNa tathA sItAnI kALA pattharanI mUrtio dehanA bhAga paDyA te sthaLee zakitapITha sthapAyA atre birAje che. narazaMkara maMdira paNa bhavya che. lakSmaNa. rAma satino ni bhAga paDe nathI mati nathI paNa ninetathA dhanuSa kuMDa godAvarInA pravAhamAM che. jyAM bhakto AkAra che satine dehabhAga atre paDyo tethI parvata nIla snAna kare che. rAmakuMDa 83 phITa lAba ane 40 phITa pahoLA raMgane thaye ane nIlAcala kahevAya ziva ane temanI priyA che. atre bhagavAna zrIrAma snAna karatA hatA. pAse ja sItA atre praNaya vyarahAra paNa karatA hatA tethI A sthaLa satine kuMDa che. prayAga, gayA, puSkara ane nImiSAraNyanI sAthe praNaya sthaLa paNa che ane citAMsthaLa paNa che. kAmAkhyAdevI nAsIka paNa mahAna pavitra tIrtha tarIke prasidhdha che. paMcavaTIthI bhuti tathA mukti bannenI dAyaka che. eka mAIla pUrva tapovana AveluM che. nAsIkathI pAMcekamAIla dakSiNamAM buddhakAlIna guphAo AvelI che. 30 cidambara ra7 tirupati- cidaMbaranuM zivamaMdira dakSiNa bhAratamAM prasidhdha tIrtha tirupati nagara madrAsathI 90 mAIlanA aMtare AveluM che sthAna che. pRthvInA pAMca tatvothI banelA dakSiNa bhAratamAM 19 pAMca liMga sthAna che. che. pAse ja pahADI para bhagavAna veMkaTezanuM maMdira AveluM che. tirUmalAI nAmanA UMcA sthaLa para Avela A sthaLa 1 kAMcImAM pRthvI liMga che. zeSacala paNa kahevAya che. viSNubhagavAna pote A sthaLe leka 2 jaMbukezvaramAM jaLaliMga che. kalyANa mATe rahyA. Aje te atre veMkaTeza yunivarsiTI paNa : tiruvanA malAImAM agni liMga che. cAle che. 4 kalahastImAM vAyu liMga che. ane 28 jurAhe -- pa cidaMbaraMmAM AkAzaliMga che. khajurAho prAcIna kALamAM caMdelA rAonI rAja A maMdiramAM mukhya naTarAjanuM zivaliMga che. atre dhAnI hatI maMdironI hAramALA ane zilpa sthApatyanI AkAzaliMga manAya che. dakSiNa bhAratamAM mukhya tIrthomAM uttama kaLA mATe khajurAho prasidhdha sthAna che. A pradezamAM moTe bhAge zivanA maMdire che. cidaMbaranuM A maMdira bhavya khajUrane puSkaLa vRkSo hovAthI A nAma paDyuM manAya che. ane pravitra tIrtha sthAna che. khajura talAva paNa vidyamAna che 9mI tathA 10mI sadInA 31 dihI pacIseka maMdiro Aje paNa vidhamAna che bhArata Arya zailI dilhI bhAratanuM pATanagara che. "jena gayA dillI vahu nA A maMdire kaLA kArIgarI mATe uttama namUnA rUpa che. A prakAranA maMdire : kata orisAnA bhUvanezvaramAM ja upala rahA billI" matalaba ke bIkaNa bIlADI jevI dazA rahe. bdha che jaina, viSNu ane zivanA A maMdire traNa bhAgamAM jaMtara maMtara, dilhIne lAla kille jumA masjida, kutuba upasthita che. minAra vijayaghATa, biralA maMdira rASTrapati bhavana, pArlAmenTa hAusa dilhI yunivasiTI vagere darzanIya sthAna che. cAMdanI 29 kAmAkhyA maMdira ceka, rAmalIlA maidAna, rAjaghATa ane gAMdhIjInI samAdhi zAMtivanamAM naherunI samAdhi mugalagArDana, kaneTa pelesa vagere AsAmamAM AveluM che. gauhattI nagarathI Azare traNeka rathaLe paNa jovA lAyaka che. 26 jAnyuArInI prajAsattAka mAIla para Avela A maMdira nIlAcala parvata para sthita che dinanI pareDa bhavya hoya che. Aje te dila kI duniyAnI aro satine zakitapITha che kAlikA purANamAM nignaleka najaramAM mahatvapUrNa sthAna che. davya che. 32 AgrA " kAmadA kAminIkAmA kAntA kAmADa, dAyinI ! AgrAno tAjamahela duniyAnA sAta AzcaryomAMnuM eka kAmADakA nAzinI tasmAtu kAmAkhyA tena cete" manAya che. megala samrATa zAhajahAM e pitAnI begama muma Jain Education Intemational

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582 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 bhUta- yAtrA vero mA chenirmANa karAvyuM 1 AmAnI sAthe sA kara banI rahyAM che. tAjhanI yAdamAM A AlAImAratane karaDe rUpiyA kharce sthaLanI pAse ja verAvaLanuM prasiddha baMdara paNa AveluM che. nirmANa karAvele sapheda saMge maramara eTale ke Arasa pahANathI saurASTranA dakSiNa dariyAkAMThe Avela A prabhAsa tIrthano jaDeluM ane nakazI tathA ketarakAmavALI kaLAnA kasabathI mahAbhya bahuja mahatvapUrNa manAya che. dakSa dvArA sthApitacaMdramAM kaMDArAyeluM tAjamahelanuM kalevara sehAmaNuM ba yuM che. cAMda- ne bhagavAna zive prasanna thaIne pharIthI prabhA bakSI tethI tenuM nInA dhavala prakAzamAM tAjanuM sauMdarya advitIya banI jAya nAma prabhAsa paDayuM. mahAbhAratamAM arjunanI prabhAsayAtrAne che. yamunA nadInA kinAre Avela A bhavya bhavanane lagabhaga ullekha che. subhadrAnA darzanathI arjuna tenA rUpa para mahita cAra varSa thayA paraMtu Ajeya najare jonArane tenI paba thaI paDe ane tene laIne nAsI javAno bhAva AvyuM. kRSNa sUratI cirayunA bhAse che. tAjanA minArA, guNaMda, kabra ane bhautika dehano tyAga paNa prabhAsa pAsenA dehotsarga nAmanA prAMgaNa badhuM ja suMdara ane sarasa che. tenA lena tathA puSyi sthAne kare che. lakulIza prabhAsamAM AvyA ane pAzupata riNI paNa manamohaka che. tAja uparAMta sikaMdarA, dayAlabAga darzanane pracAra karyo Ama prabhAsa vaidika saMskRtithI bhAratIya tathA AgrAne kile darzanIya che. A killAnA khaMDiyera amitAne akSara rUpamAM surakSita rAkhanAra prAcInatama mahAbhya Aje paNa jANe kahe che. "khaMDahara batA rahe hai imArata pUrNa sthAna che. kabhI bulaMdathI " mahamadagajanIe 1025mAM A aitihAsika sthaLo Aja killAmAM bAdazAha mumatAjanA saudaryane mANato nAza karyo. maMdirane lUMTIne liMganA kakaDA karI nAMkhyA. hate. yauvanabharI nArIyenA suparasane bAdazAha pAna karate bhAratIya saMskRti para prahAra karIne gajanIe lUMTa ane Aga hate te gavAkSo jANe kahe che. ne AdhIna karI gujarAtanA rAjA bhImadeva tathA mAlavarAja " ina mahulemeM dauDI hogI, kabhI javAnI haddI kaTTI' bhejarAje maMdirano puna: nirmANa karAvyo. sidhdharAja jayasiMhe kidalAmAM homa snAnAgAra gajazALA azvazALA vagere bhUta yAtrA vere mApha karyo. rAjA kumArapAle page cAlIne somanAtha kALanI bhavyatAnA smAraka mAtra banI rahyAM che. phatehapura sIkrI AvyA hatA. I. sa 130 mAM alAuddIna khilajInA paNa AgrAnI sAthe sAthe jovA jevuM sthaLa che. te akabaranA senApati alaphakhAne maMdirane pharIthI nAza karyo rAjA mahipAle samayanI rAjadhAnI che. pharI maMdira sAjuM karAvyuM. 1390mAM mujhapharazAhe 149 mAM mahamada begaDAe; 1530 mAM mujhapharazAha bIjAe ane 33 jayapura 1701 mAM auraMgajhebe maMdirane nAza karyo. 1783 mAM jayapura bhAratamAM eka suMdara zahera che. rAjasthAnanI mahArANI ahalyAbAIe navuM maMdira nirmata karAvyuM. 11 Aje te rAjadhAnI che. Amera kile galatAjI havAmahela me 1951 nA roja rASTrapati De. rAjendraprasAde vata mAna jaMtara maMtara, ma NIbAga, vagere darzanIya che. eka ja prakAranI zivaliMganI sthApanA karI. Ama emanAthanI caDhatI. paDatIne bAMdhaNI ane pahoLA rastAthI zobhatuM A jayapura nagara itihAsa rahela che. rAjA savAI jayasiMhe banAvarAvyuM hatuM. 36 jAnezvara 34 upapura bhuvanezvaranuM prAcIna nAma ekAgratIrtha che. utkala pradeza udayapura mevADanA mahArANAnI rAjadhAnI hatuM. athavA uDIyA prAntanuM A sthAna banArasanI jema ja ziva Aje te rAjasthAnanuM eka suMdara zahera che. jagamaMdira, prasiddha dhAma raheluM che. rAjA yayAti kesarIe pitAnI jaganivAsa, rAjamahela, lakSmI nivAsa; pelesa. zIzamahela 2 jadhAnI jayapurathI bhuvanezvara khaseDI ane bhuvanezvaranA mahAna saheliyenI vADI, gulAla bAga mayUrabAga, pI che. maMdiranuM nirmANa karyo paraMtu tenA kAryane pUrNa karanAra tene lAtaLAva, phatasAgara jhIla, dUdha taLAI talIyA vagere ramaNIya putra lalatendra kesarI ha . I. sa. 66 mAM maMdira pUrNa sthAne che. sajajanagaDha jaya samudra athavA Dhebarasarevara, huladI thayeluM nRpati kesarIe dasamI sadImAM kaTakane rAjadhAnI banAvI ghATI, cetakanI samAdhi, rAjasAgara, nAthadvArA, kAMkarolI, kezane tyAMthI bhuvanezvara kesarI rAjAonI rAjadhAnI raheluM bhuvanezvara riyAjI, vagere udayapura rAjyanA mahatvapUrNa tathA darzanIya maMdironI nagarI che Aje paNa hajAre dhumaTa erisAnI sthAna che parvata tathA taLAvanA naisargika tathA banAvaTI vastukaLAnA uttama namUnA rUpa mejUda che. jagannAthapurInI sauMdaryathI bharapUra mevADane pradeza darzanIya tathA aitihA jAtrAe janArA sau prathama bhuvanezvara jAya che. bhagavAna sika che. liMgarAjanA darzana maitanya mahA prabhune atre thayelA tyAra pachI 35 seminAtha teo purI padhAryA hatA. kAzI karatAMya ekAmraketinuM mahAbhya vadhu che. pArvatIne pANInI tarasa lAgI tyAre zivajIe prabhAsa pATaNa sthita semanAthamAM bhagavAna zivanuM bindasarovara bedIne taiyAra karI ApyuM. godAvarI nadI sivAya jyotiliMga birAje che. saurASTranA dariyAkAMThe Avela A sarva nadioe bindu sarovarane pitAnuM pANI arpaNa karyuM. ane nagarI che Aje paNa rAjadhAnI raheluM bhuvanezva ka tathA banAvavA ' bharapUra mevADanA nAma tathA nA sAMI nedhara bharapUra mevADane pradeza e Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha pratha 53 bhuvanezvaramAM liM'garAjanA darzana karanAra sarva prathama bindusaramAMNIya pradeza che. grISmakALamAM ja maMtranI yAtrA saraLa rahe che. kRSNAnadI pAte ja atre pAtAlaga'gA kahevAya che. cadrAvatI nAmanI rAjakumArIe zivamaMdira banAvarAvyuM hatu, ziMga svayaMbhu hatuM. tenA upara ja malikAnA puSpAvarDa kubarI pUjA karatI hatI tethI nidaranuM nAma mallikArjuna paDyu nAgArjuna atre zrIzaila paranI guphAmAM tapa karavA rahelA tema paNa kahe vAya che. dakSiNa bhAratanuM A mukhya zaiva sthAna che. snAna karI leche. atre zrAdhdha ane tapaNuM paNa karavAmAM Ave. che. traNa bhuvananA nAtha vIzvaranA liMgarAja tIyanA mahimA mahAnattama che. bhagavAnathI bhuvanezvarano prasAda DALa dvArA sparza thatAM paNa jiMtra rahe che. girI, khAgirI ane nilagirI parvato paranI zuSkA pannu ati darzanIya ane hajAro varSa jUnI saMskRtinI pratika che. 37 amaranAtha nimna zloka nirdeza kare che. " zrI parvate mahAdeve devyA sahu mahAdhuti H nyavat parama prIte| brahmA ca tridan sahu taMtra deva de . snAA zuci prayatamAnasa : anya meghamayAnAni kula zaiva samurata // : amaranAthanI yAtrA jIvananA eka lhAvA lekhavAmAM Ave che. kavi kahyuNe tenA rAjatara'giNI nAmanA graMthamAM lakhyuM. " dugdhA vizva dhavatA tene sa dUra girI kRtam / adhara yAtrAmAM janarApita dazya nA i. sa. 1929 thI 1350mAM thayela kAzmIranA rAjA jayasiMhunA samakAlina kavi kaNe kAzmIranA rAjAenI tavArIkha ApelI che. kAzmIranI pATI ati sarovara tarIke hatu. dakSiNa bhAratamAM kulhA nadInA kAMDe Avela zrIyaMtra dakSiNAtya pradezanu kailAza kahevAya che. pAtAlagaMgA nAmaka nadI atre vahe che. je zrIzaila parvata para bhagavAna zivanuM maMdira che. je ' mallikArjuna 'nA nAmathI prasidhdha che. A paNa 12 jayotili geAmAMnu eka che. A sauMpUrNa rama 39 haradvAra kazyapa RSie pAchaLathI tene kSetramAM pheravI nAkhyu jyAM viSNu ane zivanA maMdiza banAvA zrInagarathI 86 mAIla dUra ane jAke 1300 phITanI UMcAie amaranAthanI guphA Avela che. temAM bhagavAna zivanu himaliMga pUjAya che 12 jyotili`geAmAMnu A paNa eka hAvAthI mAnyatA che. A guphA kudaratI che kAzI badarInAtha ane kedAranAthanI yAtrAnI jema amaranAthanI yAtrAnuM parama mahatva raheluM che. zrAvaNamAsa amaranAthanI yAtrA mATe zreSTha samaya bhAratIya tIthAnomAM haridvArano mahimA vizeSa che. hirane te dvAra che mekSanu te bAraNuM che. gaMgAnA te pravAha thAna che. kapila munie zrApa ApyA tethI rAjA bhagIrathanA che. amaranAthanI yAtrAmAM mADa kSetramAM sUryamaMdiranA ava-pUrvane atre khAka thaI gayA hatA. cyA sanA mokSa mATe zeSa anananathI 5 mAIla dura AvelA che. kAzmIranA rAta lalitA divya dvArA A maMdiranA nirmANa thayo hato. jene samaya ADamI saTTInA madhyakALa che. zrInagarathI 59 mAilanA ttara para pahelagAma Avela che, te lakIra ane zeSanAga niyono saMgama che, pahelagAmathI amaranAthanI yAtrA ati kiThana che. amaranAthanI guphA 150 phITa uMcI ane 90 phITa paheALI che. zukAmAM baraphanu pANI Tapake che. ane pachI pAchu jAmIne kharapha thai jAya che. A ati bhavya che. A guphA dakSiNAbhisukha che ane sUrya kIraNu kadApi guphAmAM praveza karI zakatA nathI. amaradevAnA nAtha zivanuM sthAna amaranAtha che. 38 zrI rolama rAjA bhagIratha gaMgAne svaga parathI pRthvI para khecI lAvyA. paraMtu pravAhanA jaLAdhAtane kama karavAnI dithI bhagavAna zrI zakare tene potAnI jaTAmAM jhIlI lIdhI pachI tene pravAha pRthvI para jAje jema che tema vaheto thayo. Ane gaMgAdvAra paNa kahevAmAM Ave che bhISmanA pitA sAMtanu e gaMgA sAthe lagna karelA ema kahevAya che. droNanA pitA bharadvAje gagAdvAre suMdarIne joI tenAthI droNAcAya utpana thayA. aju na gagAdvAre Avele tyAre ulUpI tenA premamAM paDI ane praNaya dvArA rAvata putra utpanna thayA nadiyA ane yAnI ekaja jAta che. cacA vilA satata pravAhinI che haradvAramAM pitra rahelA. Aje paNa kapilA zrama mAjuda che haradvAramAM gaMgAnA para pALA che ane ghA para mArI che badarInAtha tathA para javA mATeno mArga harahArathIja kuTAya che. te mATe tA haradvAra nAma na hAya ne ? vaizAkha mAsamAM yAtrie haridvAramAM bhegA thAya che ane badarI kedAra tarapha jAya che. darabAra varSe ridvAramAM kuMbhameLA bharAya che. nimna zloka A sthaLanuM mahAtmya Alekhe che. vanaparvatamAM lakhyuM che - khetarasyA; salila" mUrtinI jIvAta kaH padhArayat gagAnAra mahAbhAga cena vAka sthiti bhagata evAM bhagavanI daivI bhanta: su dhyeya hiM / pra.tenAmanA tAta! pratibhyAmyavAdaLa | purI " yekhyA mathurA, mAvA, kAMcI kAcI avantika, drArAvatI zveva sapretA mekSadAyikAH , //

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584 , eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 gaMgA dvAre kurAvate bilake nIla parvata nananda drasTo mRga pakSi juThThAM ! tIthe kanakhale snAtvA vRta pAye divaM vajetA jahau ca dukha pura vipra vAsAta ! godAvarI nadIne paNa gaMgAdvAra kahevAmAM Ave che. prayAgathI 60 mAIla dakSiNa-pazcimamAM sthita citraane nAsIka pAse pAMceya pavitra sthaLa hovAnI mAnyatA paNa kUTa parama pavitra sthaLa che. tretA yugamAM maryAdA puruSottama pracalita che. bhagavAna, zrI rAma sItA tathA lakSamaNanI sAthe atre rahelA mahAtmA tulasIdAsajIne ane rAmanA darzana thayA hatAM. madAharidvAramAM mukhya ghATa harakI peDhI che harakI peDhInI dara kinI nadInA kinAre rAmaghATa che ane tyAM zrI rAma tathA pAse gaMgAdvAra maMdira che. bhImaDA-taLAva paNa atre deze nayi lakhamaNanA maMdiro paNa che. rAma navamInA roja meLo bharAya che. sthAna che. brahmakuMDa; maMdira tathA maThathI zebhatu haradvAra viziSTha dhAma che. yakSa prajApati e atre yajJa karyo. pArvatI tulasIdAsajI zrI rAmane caMdana tilaka kare che. tenuM nuM apamAna thatAM zaMkare yajJane nAza karyo. atre dakSa maMdira varNana keTaluM badhuM bhAvAtmaka che. mojUda che. kanakhalamAM aneka maMdiro mAMnuM A dakSa maMdira che. je dakSezvara kahevAya che. satI bhasma thayA hatA te sthaLe * citrakUTa ke ghATa para bhaI santanakI bhIra | satI kuMDa paNa Ave che. tulasIdAsa caMdana ghase tilaka kare raghuvIra II zrI rAma tathA bharatanuM milana citrakUTamAM thayeluM te haridvArathI 24 mAila para vASikeza Avela che. zivA- parANanI pavitra yAda che. bharatakuMDamAM zrIrAme sarvatIrthanuM naMda svAmInI yunivasi TI; vedAnta vagere atre prasidhdha che. jala ekatrita kareluM. kaTi tIrtha hanumAna dhArA saphaTika zIlA ke kita che ke tathA bIjA anekAneka tIrtho atre vimAna che. 42 tajora gaMgAdvAra sama tIrtha na kailAsa same giriH | vAsudeva same de na gaMgA sadaza parama | tajora nagaramAM Avela bRhadIzvaranuM maMdira bhavya che. asmina kSetreDardha mAse tuM ziva sanyasta mAnasa A maMdiramAM naMdI paNa bhavya che. 12 phITa uMce, 192 prApnati ziva sAyuyaM kima bahu bhASitaH | phITa lAMbo ane 8phITa pahoLo naMdI jIvatA AkhalA jevo che. samagra bhAratamAM lepAkSI maMdiranA naMdIne bAda karatAM A 40 vRMdAjana bIjo moTo naMdI che. ra5 TananA vajanane A naMdI daza. mathurAthI 6 mAIla dUra vRMdAvana AveluM che. bhagavAna nIya che. zrI kRSNanI A lIlA bhUmi che. atre paga para prayAgarAja 43 amarakaMTaka jevI pavitratA paMkAya che. rAdhA kRSNanI amara joDInI yAda atre amara che. govardhana parvata ane yamunA nadI annenA amarakaMTakanA paThAramAMthI narmadA nadIno pravAha vahe che. pavitra sthAne che. parvata para amaranAtha mahAdevanAM maMdira che. narmadAdevInuM maMdira tathA kuMDa 5 che. viMdhya parvata nI pUrva dizAne * vRMdAvanakI kuMja galinamAM kRSNa gopI saMga rAsa " amarakaMTaka che. kAlidAsanA meghadUtamAM amarakaMTaka AmrakUTa savAyelA jayadeva kavi gIta goviMdamAM lakhe che. tarIke Ave che. rAdhA mAdhava jaMyati yamUnA kule rahaH kelayaH" "kaliMga zAta pazcAI parvateDamarakaMTake gopIonA vastra haraNane pratIka samAna cIra haraNaghATa atre puNyA ca viSa kevuM ramaNIyA pade pade ! " vidyamAna che. 20 janAmAM mathurA maMDaLa patharAyeluM hatuM. amarakaMTaka zivanuM nivAsa sthAna che. narmadA zivanI vaMzati yojanAnAM tu mAthura maMDaLa smRtam ! putrI kahevAya che. atra tatra naraH snAtvA mukhya sarva pAta ke : !!" narmadA saritAM zreSThA rUdradehAda vinisRtA " 41 citrakUTa 44 koNArka vAlamIki rAmAyaNanA adhyA parvamAM ullekha che ke. uDIsAmAM AvelA cAra mukhya sthAnamAM koNArkanuM "surampamAsAdhya tu citrakUTa | AgavuM sthAna che. tene Arka kSetra paNa kahevAmAM Ave che. nadIMca tAM mAlyAvatI sutIrthAt II caMdrabhAgA nadInA paTa tyAMthI ja pasAra thAya che. 1278mAM Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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graMtha smRti saMdarbha 585 vi . bhAratIya bhUminA sai zakAya che. aronA zikhara, 9 thI UcI che. vRkSonI nirmita sUryadevanuM maMdira teja atrenI parama vizeSatA che. che. hanumAnane janma tyAM thayela. hampInI AjubAjunA saMsAranA mahAnatama maMdiramAM tenI gaNanA thAya che. A vistAramAM rAmAyaNa kALanA sthaLo patharAyelA manAya che. paMpa maMdira 1893mAM retamAMthI khodI kADhavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. kapila sarovara, traSimukha parvata mAtaMga parvata, malayavana parvata saMhitA anusAra kenAka metreyavanamAM Ave che. zaane vagere virUpAkSa tIrthane moTo mahAbhya che. hampI athavA kRSNa zrApa Apela paNa pachIthI muktinA upAya tarIke tene pappApatinuM prAcIna tIrtha vijayanagara rAjyanA astitva maitreya vanamAM jaIne sUryanI upAsanA karavAnI salAha apAI pUrvanuM che. brahmAnI putrI pampAdevIe hemakUTa parvata para caMdrabhAgA nadImAM snAna karIne sUryanA 21 nAmanA uccAra tapa kareluM. kahevAya che. vizvezvare pragaTa thaIne tene pitAnI zrI zamsa rega mUkta che. AthI zakhe jaLamAM kamaLapara patnI banAvI harihara ane bukkAe nagaranI sthApanA karI Asana sUryanI bimba sthApanA karI. pachI maMdiranuM nirmANa ane pappApati athavA virUpAkSane potAnA mukhya deva banAvI thaye. erisA rAjyanA 12 varSanA revanyune maMdira nirmA- maMdira nirmANa karAvyuM. Aje paNa nagaranA avaze astiNamAM kharca thaye. tyAre vArSi. 3 karoDanI mahesulI Avaka tvavAna che. vijayanagaramAM sthita pattharane ratha darzanIya che. thatI hatI. A keNAka maMdiranA nirmANamAM 36 karoDane kharca thayela. pAchaLathI sUrya biane keNukathI haThAvI laI ? pUrI maMdiramAM sthApavAmAM Avela. kALA pahADa nAmanA yavane giranAra kSetra viSene nimna zleka daSTavya cheA maMDharane nAza karela tema itihAsa Alekhe che. vastrApathe devo bhava: sthita dAdara revatake vyavasthita: 45 zucIma akheti devI girimUhni saMsthitA devAzca sarve paritaH pratiSThitAH zucIndramamAM trimUrti maMdiro AvelA che. brahmA junAgaDha zaherathI 10 mAila pUrve giranAra Avela viSNu ane maheza trideva che. maMdiranI sthApatya kaLA uttama che. samudranI sapATIthI 3,500 phITanI UMcAI dharAvato giranA prakAranI che. bhAratIya bhUminA cheDe atrethI sUryodaya tathA gagana sAthe vAta kare che. ambAmAtA, gerakhaTI, egaDa sUryAsta eka ja samudramAM udaya asta joI zakAya che. aronI zikhara, gurudattAtraya ane kAlikA coTI mukhya zikhara che. devI sadA kanyA kumArI che. ziva ane kanyA maLI nahi gorakhATI sauthI UMcI che. vRkSonA vanathI gherAyele giri zakyA. ane kanyA kumArI tarikSamAM rahI ane ziva zucI ramaNIya che. rAjA kheMgAranA mahela tathA jaina maMdira darzanIya ndramAM rahyA. nakakI karela lagna daivayegathI aTavAI paDeluM te che. neminAthanuM maMdira kharekhara bhavya che. parvata para traNa kuMDa Aja sudhI apa manAya che. atri RSi ane anasuyAnI paNa che. gaumukhI, hanumAnadhArA tathA kamaMDala kuMDanA nAmothI vAta paNa ame vikhyAta che. traNe deve parIkSA levA AvelA. to oLakhAya che. bhairava jApAnA sthAnethI leke khINamAM kUdI anasUyAne nagna jevAnI IcchA vyakta karI tyAre teNIe traNe paDatA tema kahevAya che. vAghezvarI daravAjA uparano bhAga vastrAupara pANI chAMTayuM. jethI teo traNa bALaka banI gayA. pathI kahevAya che. dAmodara kuMDa bAjumAM AvatAM samrATa azoka, trimUti tyArathI tyAM birAje che. gauttama RSie Indrane rudradAmAM ane skaMdaguptanA zilAlekha jovA maLe che. A zrApa Apele kAraNa ke teNe teNIne bhaSTa karelI, zrApa pAmela Akheya vistAra etihAsika temaja dhArmika tathA sAMskRtika inDe trimUrtinI tapazcaryA karI ane ukaLatA ghImAMthI pasAra daSTie mahatvapUrNa che. thaI zrApanI mukita meLavI tethI A maMdira zucindrama kahe. vAyuM. A maMdirane gopuraM darzanIya che je 134 Ta 78 kuM? kANa UMce che. kuMbhakoNa dakSiNa bha ratanuM mahatva pUrNa sthAna che. tyAM 46 vijayanagara AvelA madira ane gopuram darzanIya che. viSNu maMdirane | vijayanagaranI nava 1336mAM paDI hatI ema manAya gepura 147 phITa UMce che. 12 mALane A gepura Addhiche. harihara ane bukakA tenA sthApaka hatA ane mayava tenA tIya che. ziva maMdira prAcInatama che. ane mahAmahatvapUrNa maMtrI nitA vijayanagara dakSiNuM bhAratanuM kAzI banI gayuM. hai kuMbhezvara maMdira pavitra manAya che, mAtaMga parvata, yamukha parvata A kSetramAM ja Ave che. 49 gAliyara ane tuMga bhadrA nadI paNa tyAM ja vahe che . sItA sarovara ane malayavana parvata paNa Aja bhUmimAM che, tuMgabhadrA nadInA | madhyabhAratanuM gvAliyara etihAsika sthAna che UMcI uttara kAMThe kIkIdhAnI kalpanA che. vijayanagarathI te traNa mAIla TekarI para Avela gvAliyarano kile darzanIya ImArata che. dara che. kIkIdhAthI be mAIla dakSiNe pamyA sarovara AveluM gupta, haNa, kachavAhA, pratihAra, mara, paThANa, megala, aMgreja manAya che. atrethI ittara pazcime aMjani parvata paNa Avela tathA marAThA lokeAnAM aneka avazeSa vAliyaranA kIllAmAM vAta paNa aneka manAya che. avivAAi aTavAI paDeluM te Jain Education Intemational

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rAnIthI" 586 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 sacavAyelA che. be mAIlanA lAMbA pattharaTIlA para Avela A para vedhanAtha bhavya kile vizALa che. I. sa. 875 mAM nimita caturbhuja viSNunuM maMdira kilAnI pUrva bAjue che. AlA ane bheja devAnA zaidyanAthamAM prasiddha tili" nuM sthAna che. devagaDhamAM samayanA zilAlekho ane mejuda che. A kilo gopagIrI tarIke Avela A zivanuM jyotiliMga parama pUjanIya ane pavitra oLakhAya che. mRganayanI nAmanI gujarI jAtinI nArI mATe manAya che. A rathAna baMgALanA saMthAla paragaNAma Avela rAjA mAnasiMha gujarI mahala banAva AcuM mAnasiMhe 300 che rAvaNe zivanI stuti karI ghora tapa AdarI zivane prasanna phITa lAMbe ane 80 phITa pahoLA eka AlIzana mahela karyA. zivajIe eka jyotiliMga laMkA laI javA ApyuM baMdhArthe je vAstu kaLAne bhavya namUne che. mAnasiMha ma - parantu devagaDhamAM AvatA rAvaNe liMga bhUmi para mUkI dIdhuM lathI thoDe dura sAsu vahune mahela che. A maMdira 1094mAM tethI te sadAkALa mATe aroja rahI gayuM rAvaNe eka vyakitane pUre thayela. je ati kalAtmaka che ! arabaranA gurune makabaro liMga uMcakI rAkhavA mATe Ape; parantu te vyakita svayaM atre che. ane tAnasenanI kabara paNa che. tAnasenane janma viSNu hatA. ane deve IcchatA nahotA ke duSTa rAvaNa zivanI tathA mRtyu gvAliyaramAM ja thayelA. sthApanA laMkAmAM kare tethI rAvaNane chetarIne liMga paDAvI lIdhuM. Ama vaidyanAthanI vArtA varNavAya che. vaidyanAtha maMdiranI ITAliyana zailInuM jaya vilAsa mahela paNa a che. Ama sthApanA rAvaNa dvArA thayelI manAya che. pArvatIne metI mahala paNa darzanIya che. rANI lakSmIbAInI chatrI paNa pUrvAvatAra satInA mRta zarIranA viSNue bAvana TUkaDA kya atihAsIka che. " khuba laDI maradAnI vahata jhAMsIvAlI tyAre tenuM hadaya A vaidyanAthana sthaLe paDyuM ane ane hada- - yanuM zakitapITha che. trikuTa parvata vaidyanAthathI sAteka mAIla 50. kelahApura pUrva dizAmAM che ane zivAMgAtaLAva athavA kuMDa paNa che. atrenA tapovanamAM rUdrAkSanA vizALa vRkSo AvelA che. A paMcagaMgA nadInA kinArethI nADati dvara kolhApura nagara sthaLane haritakivana ane ketakIvana paNa kahevAmAM Ave che. AveluM che. devI bhAgavatane leka kahe che ke. rAvaNavana paNa kahevAya che. kAraNa ke rAvaNe zivane rijhavavA tapa kareluM. "kalApura mahAsthAne yatra lakSmI sadA sthitA ! ?? IsAnI prathama sadI pUrve buddhanA sikAo arothI pake e baranAtha maLyA che. brahmapurI pahADImAM stupa tathA keTalAMka avaze - aMbaranAtha maMdira kalyANa pAse thANA jIllA mahArASTramAM upalabdha thayA che. prAcInatama sthAna Aje kelhApuramAM Avela che. A maMdira nI racanA 11 mI sadImAM karavAmAM mahAlakSamIjInuM maMdira che. A nagaramAM Aje 250 maMdire avelI. maMdiranI kaLAmAM uttara tathA dakSiNa nI kaLAno che. mahAlakSmI, viDaMbA, mahAkALI vagere prasiddha tIrtha samanvaya thayela che. sthAne che. mahAlakSmI athavA ambAbAinuM A zakitapITha manAya che. 13mI tathA 14mI sadImAM musalamAnoe maMdiro para mArana mane aTo vinAza netaryo hate. kehApura dakSiNa dezanuM kAzI dhAma che. sAranAthamAM bhagavAna budhe potAnA siddhAMtane prathama pATha uccArela manAya che. je dharma cakra pravartana sUtra kahevAya 51 namI zAraNya che. atre ne dAkhastupa tathA cInI saMskRtinA maMdire duvya | gomatI nadInA kinAre patharAyela namI zAraNya ati che. sAranAthane azoka stabha prAcIna bhAratIya kaLA ne uttama pavitra tapavana purANa kALathI prasiddha che. dhaNA kharA purA- namUne che. A staMbha eka ja pattharane banele ane 50 phITa nI racanA A naumI zAraNya ja thayelI manAya che. suta UMce che. maurya, kuzAna, gupta tathA azoka kALanA aneka paurANanI kavie sAdhu tapasvIo samakSa ane kathA kahelI namUnA othI sAranAtha. samRddha che. azoka cakra Aje paNa vyAsamuni dvArA praNita purANa tathA itihAsanuM pArAyaNa saMta ApaNA dezanuM rAjya cihna che. hindu jaina tathA baudhdhane A munie bIjA tapasvine saMbhaLAvyuM. A tapavanamAM sATha sthaLa yAtrAdhAma che. banArasathI ja mAIlanA aMtare Avela hajAra sAdhuo rahetA hatAM. ane aneka tIrtha tathA pavitra A sthaLe budhane pAMca zikhya maLyA hatA, jemane teo zrIe kuMDa AvelA che. vyAsamuni dvArA ItihAsa ane purANa prathama badha-jJAna Apela. bhaNIne sutajIe bIjA tapasvI sAdhuone saMbhaLAvyuM. mahA bhArata tathA bIjA purANenuM pArAyaNa karyuM. Ama nainI "sakhya pApabhya akaraNa kusalamsa upasarapadA ! pArAya bhAratIya saMskRtinuM pratika che. sacitta paridapane e budhdhAna sAsana che" Jain Education Intemational

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sati saMdarbha graMtha 55 DuMgarapura kAlina A guphAo AzcaryamAM garakAva karI de tevI vizALa ane bhavya che. bhItaranI divAla paranA citro te kaLAnA DuMgarapuranuM prAcIna nAma girIpura paNa che. geba sAgara ajoDa namUnA che. ajaMtA-erArA ane eliphanTAnI guphAo taLAva bAdala maDala zrI nAthajI nuM bhavya maMdira, junu mahela, aitihAsika tathA sAMskRtika mahatvanA pratika che. udaya vilAsa pelesa; naulakhA, huMraparajI vagere darzanIya che. DuMgarapurathI 18 mAila uttare Avela deva somanAthanuM maMdira 60 Abu vAstukaLAne adbhuta namUno che. DuMgarapurathI 40 mAIla Abu parvata hAla rAjasthAnamAM Ave che. abudAcalanA pUva mAM Avela bhIleDAmAM radhunAthajInuM maMdira tathA bhagavAna nAmathI A girimALAmAM aneka pavitra tIrthasthAne AvelA rAmacaMdranI bhUta be jeDa che DuMgara parathI 40 mAIla uttara che. AburoDa nakakIleka, ToDareka, delavADAnA maMdire, acalagaDha, pUrvamAM Avela soma tathA mAhI nadIne saMgama tathA tenA TApu para beNezvaranA maMdire jovA jevA che. sAgavADAnA aMbAjInuM maMdira, gurUzikhara, sanaseTa poInTa vagere tIrtha sthAna tathA prAkRtika sauMdaryathI bharapUra darzanIya sthAna che. maMdire tathA galiyA keTamAM prAcIna seminAtha nuM bhagnAzeSa maMdira darzanIya che. viMjavA mAtA prasidhdha tIrthasthA na che. dazanIya sthAnanA krama naMbara 56 zAmaLAjI 1 kedAranAtha 31 aMbAjI-ArAsura 2 badarInAtha 32 giranAra zAmaLAjI athavA devagadAdharanI nagarI hAla gujarAtanA 3 amaranAtha 33 prabhAsa-somanAtha sAbarakAMThA mAM Avela che. atrethI bhagavAna buddhane stUpa 4 haridvAra 34 dvArikA tathA temAMthI kADhela maLyA che. zAmajInuM ane bhavya maMdira 35 amadAvAda che mezvo nadIne nAthIne atyAre vizALa baMdha bAMdhyo che 6 IdraprasthA 36 bhRgukaccha-narmadA ane prAcIna maMdiro taNA sarvodaya Azrama darzanIya che. 7 dilahI. 37 mumbaI 8 AgrA 38 aMbaranAtha 57 amadAvAda 9 ayodhyA 39 nAsIka amadAvAdamAM kAMkariyA taLAva bhadrakALInuM maMdira, 10 mathurA 40 paMDharapura sAbaramatI Azrama, prANI--saMgrahAlaya ane bAlavATikA, 11 vRdAvana 41 citrakUTa saradAra pArka, tathA jhulatA mInArA; aTIrA tathA yunivarsiTI 12 kAzI 42 kelhApura jevA jevA sthaLe che. 13 gayA 43 ajaMtA-ele 14 sAranAtha 44 naimiSAraNya 58 muMbaI 15 koNArka 45 amarakaMTaka - 16 kapilavastu 46 bhImazaMkara muMbaI zahera te Adhunika bhAratanuM eka mahatvapUrNa 17 bhuvanezvara 47 iMgerI sthAna che. A mehamayI nagarImAM "raja rAtake divAlI hatI 18 jagannAthapurI 48 zrI zailama hai aura hara dina holI bhIjalatI hai" mukhadevI, mahAlakSmI, 19 nAdiyA-navadvipa 49 zrIraMgama mAdhavabA, naranArAyaNa, pAlavA baMdara, rAjAbAga, copATI, 20 prayAga-IlAhAbAda 50 tirUpati malabAra hila Are dUdha kelenI. jogezvaranI guphAo, kenerI 21 gvAdi yara 51 khajurAho keja, nezanala pArka, maDaTApU, juhune sAgarataTa, elipherA 22 ujajaina-avaMtikA para madurAI nI guphAo vagere darzanIya che. borIbaMdara tathA carcageTanA 23 caMdIgaDha 53 kAMcI relave sTezano, phalorA phAunTana, krApharDa mAkeTa; bebI taLAva 24 jayapura 54 kAmAkhyA medAna, kAlA, devI maMdira vagere paNa jovA jevA sthaLe che. 25 puSkara papa kuMbhakarNa narImAna poIMTa tathA marIna DrAIvanI zabhA rAtrInA kavInsa 26 citaDa 56 vaidyanAtha nekalesanA jagamaghATamAM jevAne 9hAvo che. 27 udayapura paNa vijayanagara 28 DuMgarapura 58 zucindrama 59 ajatA 29 zAmaLAjI 59 ciMdambaram * ajaMtA-elerAnI guphAo prAcIna bhAratIya sabhyatA, 30 Abu 60 tAra saMskRtinA pratika che. auraMgAbAdathI tyAM javAya che. bauddha 61 rAmezvarama-vivekAnaMdaroDa Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-6, :::: 6 : 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 990000000000000reiMThaMdadeha Tha karaMTedarekedardaka 9i0982403000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000+ Ape pUrI taiyArI karI che? 'dIkarInA lagnano kharca uThAvavA mATe 'ApanI pAse puratAM nANAM che? ThaMdakaMdaHda999%aa0A8:: varasa vItatAM vAra nathI lAgatI ane ApanI dIkarInA lagnane avasara AvI pahoMce che. Ane lagato kharca karavA mATe Ape jogavAI karI che? denA beMkamAM bacatakhAtuM athavA phikasDa DipojhiTa khAtuM kholIne atyArathI ja niyamita bacata karavA mAMDo. denA beMkanI bIjI 6 bacata yojanAo : sagIra khamata mojanA * riga pojhiTa yojanA - mAsika seviMgsa -kama-enyUITI mojanA * vividhalakSI DipojhiTa yojanA za sakirasanImA sAthe saMkaLAyelI khamA DipojhiTa yojanA. (gavarnameMTa oNpha inDiyA aMDaraTekiMga) heDa oNphisa: haoNrnimena sarkala, muMbaI 400001 Ratan Daiya 237 :000000000000000 darara0H0000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000 Jain Education Intemational

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bhAratanA netRtvano prazna zrI sanata benarjI A sadInA pahelA dasakAmAM zrI araviMde lakhyuM hatuM jika mahAnatA hovA chatAM, eka khAmI spaSTapaNe upara tarI ke " ApaNane e pratIti te thaI ja cUkI che ke bhArata Ave che; eka aparyApta sajajatA enA bhAgya sAthe jaDApharIthI udaya pAmavA mATe nirmAyeluM che....paNa....e mATe yelI che je navA yuganA tejomaya prAkaTayamAM kayAMka kaI uNapa ApaNe vAtAvaraNa taiyAra karavAnuM raheze. prema, bela ane rahI hovAnA saMketa kare che. A mahAna uNapa rahI che navImAnavatAbharyA svArpaNanA kRtya dvArA e vAtAvaraNane vizuddha ane purAta sAthe joDavAnA ane bhAratanA punarutthAnanAM karavAnuM raheze. A punarjIvananI AzA strota ApaNe kAryanuM saMcAlana phUMkI phaMkIne DagaluM bharanArA ane Dhacupacu zikSita varga banaze. enI aMdara AtmAe praveza karyo che. rIte AgaLa vadhanArA evA vRddhajanene sevAnA prayAsamAM, AMkhe janasamudAya emanI tarapha ja deravaNI mATe mITa mAMDI jeo navA yuganI bhAvanA sAthe koI sahAnubhUti dharAvatA rahyo che. emanuM have kartavya che, A jIvanakArya mATe pAtra banI nathI ane bhAvinI AvazyatAone samajavAne asamartha che, rahevuM pIDita ane patita enA pitAnA dezabAMdhanAM jIva. tathA ApaNA bhraSTa svabhAvanI gaMdakI vALIjhUDIne rASTrajIvanamAM namAM prakAza, bala ane AzAne navasaMcAra kara." vizuddhi ANI zake, enuM rUpAMtara karI zake evA hiMmata bharyA ane krAMtikArI upAya ajamAvatA gabharAya che." A zikSita vage. be kayA prakAranuM netRtva pUruM pADavAnuM raheze jenA dvArA janasamudAya puna : upara UThe ane "bhAvi te yuvAnonuM che, eka navIna ane yauvanapUrNa bhAratane enA jIvanakAryanI siddhi tarapha dorI jAya ? emanI jagatanA prAkaTya nI hajI taiyArI cAlI rahI che ane kevaLa aMdara mastiSkanA ane hadayanA kyA guNa hovA joIe? yuvAnoe ja enuM sarjana karavAnuM raheze" Ama AgaLa emanI tAlIma ane sajajatA kevAM hovA joIze ? A badhA upara zrI araviMde kahyuM hatuM tyAre teo kevaLa vAmaibhavanI kaMIka dhyAna kheMce evA pro che jenA egya uttaro zrI jhAMkhI nahotA karAvatA, paNa pitAnA tatkAlIna anubhava prApta araviMde emanAM junAM lakhANomAM ApyA che. emAMthI keTa- bodhano nirdeza karatAM hatA. "svadezI AMdolanamAM Ara lAkane ApaNe vicAra karIe. bhathI ja yuvAne enA kendrasthAne rahyA che. navIna rASTra bhAvanA e emanA hRdayanA eke eka tArane cheDa che, jyAM pahelo ja prazna che uMmarano. mAratamAM to uMmarane eka vizeSAdhikAra maLe kazuM ja nahotuM tyAM emaNe halacala macAvI dIdhI che, jyAM che ke sau koI ene Adara kare ane enA Adezane anusare A muddA para zrI araviMdane badhuM cUsta banI cUkayuM hatuM tyAM emaNe prANane saMcAra karyo che. ane emaNe cA 2.idelananI saphaLatA mATe bujhargonI uttara nizcayAtmaka che. udAsinata, rUDhicUra tatA, zaMkAzIlatA ane bhIstAne paNa emaNe baDe ja spaSTa bhASAmAM e kahyuM che ke puna- sAmane karyo che. emane utArI pADavAmAM AvyA che, emanI sthAna e phUMkI phaMkIne DagaluM bharanArA ane Dhacupacu rIte niMdA ane bahiSkAra kare che, ane trAsa veThavAne paNa AgaLa vadhanAra vRddhonuM kAma nathI. vRddha peDhI mATe teo Aje che. chatAM teo TakI rahyA che. bIjuM nATakIya dekhAvamAM ATalAM kaThera kema thayA haze enuM Azcarya tha ya chepaNa rAcatA hatA tyAre temanA hadaya kharekharI vedanAthI kavatA enuM kAraNa zodhavA bahu dUra javuM paDe ema nathI. ApaNe hatA. bI jAo jyAre potAnI jAtanI sevAmAM racyApacyA je punarutthAne khIe chIe te ApaNA rASTrajIvananI nAnI- rahetA hatA tyAre teo dezanI sevAmAM lAgI gayA hatA. A ja moTI vigatemAM pheraphAra nuM ke sapATI paranA thAgaDathIgaDanuM yuvAno kharA netA che. teo ja sAcA anuyAyIo paNa che. kAma nathI. ApaNI AvazyakatA che pAyAnA pheraphAronI, dezanI kaTokaTInI paLAe teo ja dezanI AzA che. temaNe ApaNAM jIvanamAM, ApaNA vicAra ane vartanamAM eka evuM zuM karyuM che ane hajI ghadhu be karaze. teo bhagavAne AmUla parivartana e vivuM joie jethI ra Adhunika jagatanA pasaMda karelAM karaNe che." ane je mahimAvaMta bhAvi ApaNa rADuM joI rahyuM che tenA paDakArane jhIlavAne mATe ApaNe pAtra banI rahIe. te veLAe eka prazna pUchavAmAM AvatuM hatuM ane bhaviSyamAM e pharI pharIne pUchAze. zuM ene artha e che 19105 zrI araviMde noMdhyuM che ke "rASTrIya AMda- ke bujhargo pratye Adara rAkhavAmAM nahi Ave? jeo Aja lanamAM AraMbhathI ja, emAM puratI dhagaza. jema ane sAha- sudhI ApaNane deratA AvyA che teo vRddha thaI gayA hovAne Jain Education Intemational

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590 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 sAthe lAgaNI paNa na huM ke teo tenuM kAranI kAraNe ja zuM ApaNe emane tarachoDI daIzuM? A bahu ja A bAbatamAM zrI araviMdanuM maMtavya che ke "je agatyane prazna che jeno uttara maLavo joIe kaI vyakita janasamudAyamAMne eka banI rahevAmAM, temanA harSazekamAM bhAgIdAra thavAmAM pramoda pAmato nathI te bhAgye "ApaNane ema pUchavAmAM Ave che ke ApaNe zuM ja mAnavajAtinuM bhaluM karI zakaze. te kadAca pratibhAzALI badhI ja sattAne padabhraSTa karavA mAgIe chIe, anuzAsanane hoI zake. paNa e pratibhA ma navajAti mATe. zAparUpa banI ukhavA mAgIe chIe, jemaNe ATalA lAMbA samaya sudhI rahe che, ane temanI zakayatAone gUMgaLAvI de che...mAnajAtine dezane mATe kAma karyuM temanI svAbhAvika AgevAnIne uthalAvI kharekhara AgaLa dhapAvavA mATe janmelA mahApuramAM lAkSaNika devA mAgIe chIe? A praznamAM sattA ane pratiSThAnI hAnIthI rIte lokazAhI valaNa rahyuM che pitAnA utkarSane badale samayanA uddabhavatA lebhanI ane aMgata AghAtanI lAgaNI abhivyakta utkarSamAM temane vizeSa rUci rahI che. abhijAta pratibhAnI thAya che. paNa ApaNe ene uttara ApavAnuM eTalA mATe bakSisa dharAvatA hovA chatAM sarvasAdhAraNa leka mATe temanA pasaMda karIe chIe ke lAgaNInA lAkSaNika svarUpe rajU thavAne ure napharatane sthAna nahotuM. ulaTAnuM teo leke sAthe mukta badale sarvamAnya mahattvanA muddAo sAme dhare che. rAjakIya paNe bhaLI jatA ane temanAmAM ja eka banI temane mATe netAonI satta nirbhara hoya che temanA anuyAyIonI lAgaNI kAma karatA tetAoe badhA sAthe bhaLI javuM joIe ane pichANavAnA ane tene pragaTa karavAnA sAmarthya para emanI pitAnI AsAdhAraNa zakitaone temanI lAganIone khyAla sattA strota emanI potAnI aMdara hotuM nathI. teo je rAkhI temanA hitArthe yejavI joIe." sthAna para che tenuM kAraNa che teo lokonA pratinidhi che e, nahi ke teo pite kaI cokakasa vyakita che. AthI teo ane netAoe e jANI levuM joIe ke teo konI jyAre samayanI pAchaLa paDI jAya che tyAre temane mATe eka sAthe saMkaLAyelA che ane emanuM vizeSa kArya zuM che je mAtra vikalpa zeSa rahe che. bAjue khasI javuM. paraMtu teo pAra pADavA mATe emane AhavAna thayuM che. "kAma je sArI je sthAna para hatA tyAM cITakI rahevA mAge ane evuM iche rIte pAra pADavuM hoya te dareka manuSya potAnuM samucita ke temanI azaMkAo ane bhItine lIdhe jagatanI AgekUca kArya pArakhI. laI te karavAne lAgI javuM joIe. paraspara thaMbhI jAya te teo evo dAvo kare che jenI sAme mAnavajA- virodhI ahaMkAranI athaDAmaNa, eka haththa dera calAvavAnI tinI buddhi ane aMtarAtmA avazya baLavo pokAre." vRtti ane saphaLatAnuM abhimAna A bAbate ApaNI vaccethI cAlI javI joIe ane emanA sthAne AvavI joIe umaMane vaLI, ApaNe netAone zA mATe anusarIe gabharI svArpaNa bhAvanA, kAmamAM potAnI uttamottama zaktio chIe? emanI zI AvazyakatA hoya che ? javAnI umadAvRtti ane evI pratIti ke ApaNe te ke La bhagavAnanA kiraNo ja chIe. je kaI vyakti potAnI maryA"leke netAone anusare che kAraNa ke teo temanA dAnI uparavaTa jaI bIjAnuM kAma jhaDapI levA mathe to emAMthI vicAra ane bhAvanAone, temanA Adarzone uttama rIte vAcA guMcavo pedA thAya ane saMvAditA jokhamAya ane pariNAme ApI zake che ane temanI abhIpsAonI ane AdarzonI Doka samaya niSphaLatAnA bhaMga paNa banavuM paDe. A Apati siddhi mATe temane sAcI doravaNI ApavAnuM ane temanI TALavAno eka mAtra upAya e che ke sau kaI e pratIti meLavI zakitaone saMgaThita karavAnuM sArAmAM sAruM sAmarthya dharAvatA le ke dezanuM kAma e emanI aMgata bAbata nathI ane hoya che. paraMtu je kSaNe netAmAM rahele lekeno vizvAsa DagI emane adhikAra to enA eka hissA pUratuM ja che. temaNe jAme che, temane ema lAgavA mAMDe che ke netA temanA utamottama e paNa jANI levuM joIe ke A kAma mATe kaI paNa vyakti vicAre ane abhIpsAnuM pratinidhitva nathI karatAM athavA anivArya nathI ane jyAM sudhI teo potAnI maryAdAmAM temanI doravaNI bhUlabharelI che tyAre temanI sattA osaravA rahIne, pitAnI zaktio, preraNuM ane saMjogoe je rUpamADe che. lekazAhI rAjakAraNamAM AthI bhinna prakAranI sattA rekhA dorI ApI che te anusAra potAnuM kAma karatAM rahe che hoI zake nahi. lokapriya netRtva svayaMnirmita te hoI ja tyAM sudhI ja temanI kharI upayogitA hoya che." na zake. A te sAmAnya guNonI vAta thaI. A (parAMta bhArahave ApaNe netRtvanA guNa padma laIe. tamAM enA bhAgyanI kaTokaTInI paLomAM netRtvanA kArya mATe A praznanI enA sAmAnya ane vizeSa ema be ja guNI Avazyaka che te laIe. pAsAMone anulakSIne vicAraNA karavAnI rahe che. evA keTalAka zrI araviMda e tathya upara bhAra mUkatAM kayAreya thAktA guNo che je koI paNa parithinI vacce kAma karatAM lagabhaga nahotA ke bhAratanI vartamAna kSaNo eka viziSTa mahattvathI badhA ja dezonA netAomAM hovo joIe. jyAre bIjA keTalAka aMkti banI che kAraNa ke atyAre bhAratane enI dinavinatAnI guNe bhAratanA punarutthAnanA vizeSa kAryane mATe Avazyaka che. sthitimAMthI ugAravAne bhagavAnanI zakti kAma karI rahI che, A ja joIe ane emanA satA ApaNI vaccethI na AvavI ne varacethI nA mATe anusarIe kAmamAM Jain Education Intemational

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51 smRti sa`darbha graMtha ane Apaze je kAMI karIe te bAhya TiTae saphaLa hA ke doravaNI ApanAra purUSanI pratibhA udAra ane bahumukhI niSphaLa paNa e sarva ghaTanane parama sa ke potAnA hetuo hovI joize.... ono (saddhi arthe bhAratanA punarutthAnanI sahAyatA arthe yeAjI rahyA che, jethI bhArata bAkInI mAnavajAtine AtmA pratinI enI vyApaka urdhvagAmI gatimAM madada karI zake. ' hAvaDAnA emanA e mahAna vyAkhyAnamAM emaNe evI ghoSaNA karI hatI ke " bhArata deza mATe prabhunA Adeza chatI cUkyA che: ekatA prApta kare, svataMtra chAno, mahAna bane, ' C kama -ceTiMgamAM A ja bAbatanuM punarAvartana karatAM hoya tema lakhe che ke have be kSaNa AvI tyAre bhAratanuM utthAna karAI rahyuM che. ane badhI ja ghaTanAmAM, A aniSTo ane havA muAM prabhunA A udyAna kAryanI siddhi tarapha vaLI rahI che. ame ' have e kSaNa 'AvI hevAnuM kahyuM che kAraNa ke bhagavAna haMmezA bhAratanuM utthAna karavA mAMgatA hatA ane ahIM kAyama eka UdhvagAmI valaNa rahyuM che ema kahevuM sAcuM nathI. ' nahi. AthI bhAratamAM netRttvanI saphaLatA mATenI prathama AvazyakatA che bhagavAnanA nirmANamAM koI DagAvI zake evI zraddhA. zrI araviMda kAyama kahetA rahyA che ke bhAratanA punarutthAnanA kAmAM pravRtti kAryaM kartAee sauthI vizeSa ane sarva prathama e pratIti meLavI levI joie ke teo jemAM vyasta che te koI agata kArya nathI paNa bhagavAnanuM kAryAM che ane bhagavAnamAM emanI zradhdhA jeTalI baLavAna ho eTalA ja pramANamAM e kAryane paNa saphaLatA prApta thaze. ema pUchI zakAya ke bhaviSyanA netRtvanA saMdhamAM saMpattinu zu sthAna haze ? A muddA upara zrI ariSadanA uttara kadAca dhADA kara lAge emanI STi ne koI gerasamaja na thAya e hetuthI AraMbhamAM ja e spaSTa karI devuM hitAvaha raheze ke rASTra sArvatrika garIbAIne potAnI samakSa eka Adarza tarIke dhArI rAkhe ane saMpatti pratye napharata dharAve evI bhalAmaNa tee karatA nathI. teo Icche che ane e vAta emaNe atyaMta spaSTa zabdomAM kahI paNa che ke bhArata bIju badhu meLavavAnI AzA rAkhe e pahelAM eNe saMpatti dhanaprApti ApaNA tamAma vicArIne kabaje laIle athavA saMpAdita karI levI joize. paNa ene artha e nathI ke jemanI pAse pUratI dhana sa'patti tA hoya paNa netRtvanA bIjA koI zu na heya temanI AgevAnI paNa ApaNe natamastake svIkArI laie. AthI viparIta zrI arivaMda tA dhanavAnonI bAbatamAM atyaMta spaSTa rIte evuM kathana kare che ke temane dara te je karyuM che enA kAraNe ja thAya, nahi ke temanI A AthI ja bhAratanA yuvAnone karAyelA eka hRdayadrAvaka upAse je kaMi che enA kAraNe dhanane sarvopari devatA gaNavAnI . e ghanamAM teo kahe che ke bhagavAnane emanA kAma mATe AnAkAnI hai pAchIpAnI karanArA kAkAnI jarUra nathI. emane evA caMcaLa manovRttinA leAkeAnI paNa jarUra nathI jemane arabanA utsAha AgaLa vadhavA mAM paDI jAya.......teo pUratA vicAra karyAM vinA AgaLa dhape ane pachI pAtAnA dezane ane je kAma mATe temane A vAna karAyuM che. tene mATe zobhAspada na hoya evI nabaLAi dAkhave enAM karatAM tA utkaTa utsAhanA AvezamAM paNa teo kA na kare... vRttie pazcimathI AyAta karAyelo durgaMNa che, jenAthI ApaNe AghAM rahevu joie; kAraNa ke saMskAritA vinAnI saMpattithI jAya vadhe che, enAthI mAtra nI zaiyA thAya che, mananI nahi ane pariNAme ApaNI dRSTi kuMDita thAya che, eka bIjo muddo paNa vAravAra bhUlI javAtA hoya che ke ApaNA jevAM dezanu punarutthAna e eka bahumukhI ghaTanA che ane tethI enA netAmAmAM evI mahumukhitA ane vyApaka udAravAnI jarUra rahe che ke ApaNA deze lazakarI ane rAjakIya pravRtti thA temanI mAnatA, paudhdhika ane kalAmaya pravRttio ane temanI mAnatA, vAddhi vyApAranA kSetranI mahAnatA temaja natika zANapaNa ane joma khIlavavA joie, jIvanasaMghamAM potAnI jAtane nAsIpAsa na thavA devI vhAya ane pariNAme vadhAre susaMgaThita rASTronA bhAra nIce kacaDAine nAza na pAmI javu hoya to jIvananA A i vyApAronI jANanA na thavI joIe..............bhAthI bhAratane jyAre avatArI puruSa Ave che tyAre enI bAbatamAM ApaNe evuM mAnatA hoIe chIe ke te kevaLa dhAmika mAdaka ja nahiDhAya, te rAjakti netA mahAna keLavaNIkAra, samAjoddhAraka ane sahakArI udyogAnA amathI paNa haze; ane emano AtmA kavi, vidvAna ane kalAkArano haze. Adhunika bhArata jo enI purAtana paraMparAnuM thaza ja haze te saMpattinA netRtvare te kApe mAnya nahi kare. phATelAM vaDA bhale nAmozIbharI garImA darzAvatA haze paNa jyAre buddhi ane zrAbdhi emAM vRtta dhayA hoya che tyAre emanA pratye karI napharata dAkhavavAmAM AvI nathI ' k dhanIko evI kalpanA kare che ke dhana emane netRtvanA naisargika adhikAra Ape che ane mAnava tarkane kaMika vita karIne ema mAnI levAmAM Ave che ke dhanikAne ja dezanA khArvinI kharI ciMtA che; jANe ke bAkInA lokone to e sAthe kazI ja nisbata nathI, emane kai nisbata hAvI joie paNa nahi, bhAratane lAgevaLage che tyAM sudhI Ama mAnavuM taddana asagata che, kArlR ke A ja evA deza che, * tyAM buddhi ane cAritrya samakSa rAjAee pAtAnA mastaka namAvyA che ane jyAM rAjyAyitanA saphaLa saMcAlana mATe

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pa92 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 AdhyAtmika rIte mahAna evA puruSanA acUka mArgadarzana dezabhaktinuM menuM vahetuM karyuM, ane pUrNa svarAjyanI mAgaNI para AdhAra rAkhavAmAM Avyo che." gUMjatI karI mUkI. roleTa ekaTa, sAyamana kamIzana ane "TUMkamAM ApakhudIne keI rUpe nabhAvI zakAya nahi. vAyasaroyanI ekapakSI yuddhaSaNa dvArA ApaNI A ami ahIM kevaLa eka ja saramukhatyAra ho ane te prajA." tAne je dhakako pahoMce e ja kAraNe pAchaLanA AMdolana saphaLatA pUrvaka hAtha dharI zakayAM je bhAratane vijaya tarapha paNa zrI araviMdane anusarIne ApaNe evA tAratamya dorI gayA. ApaNe ApaNI svataMtratA ane ekatAne je upara AvI zakIe ke mastiSka ane hRdayanA sarvoca guNo TakAvI rAkhavI haze te rASTrIya asmitAnI A bhAvanAne Apa dhAraNa karyA hovA chatAM bhAddha mATe, e je hatuM, je che jALavI rAkhavI joIze. ane je banaze e mATe anurAgaenA pratye unmukhatA no uddhAraka guNa jenI aMdara nathI teo bhAratanuM netRtva - A rASTrIya gaurava ane amitAnI bhAvanA e zuM che? zrI araviMda A viSe vaMdemAtaram'mAM nIce mujaba sAcavI zakaze nahi. AthI viparIta jemanI aMdara Ave pratibhAva pedA thaI zake che evA nimnakoTinA puruSe kadAca lakhyuM che. je asimatAnI bhAvanAno koI artha hoya e che dareka vyakitanA AtmAnI zakyatAonI sabhAnatA A dezane mATe sAruM kAma karI zakaze...' sabhAnatA hoya pachI vyakita mATe tema ja rASTra mATe paNa AvuM kema bane che kAraNa ke "bhUtakALanA mULiyAmathI AtmasAkSAtkAranuM kAma AgaLa dhapAvavA mATe ane ene ja bhaviSya eno jIvanarasa khece che...." "dareka rASTrane mATe pUrNa karavA mATenI mahAtvAkAMkSA ane abhIsA sakriya banI pitAnI jIvanazaktinA keTalAka ta hoya che jenA kAraNe e jAya che. bhAratane vartamAna khaLabhaLATa ( svadezI AMdolana je kAMI che te banyuM che ane samayasara e tene lAbha samaya ) e kevaLa AtmanirdhAraNanA A prayAsane ja laI zakAya te e rA nA vighaTananI kriyAne khAvI zakaze. saMketa kare che, e badhuM rASTranI jAgRta thatI asimatAnuM kAma che. rASTajIvananuM rahasya enA astitvanA hArda mAM zodhavuM joIe.' lAlA lajapatarAya 1925mAM emane maLyA tyAre bhArapaNa eka vadhu gahana vicAra che je bhAratane punarutthA- tanI lokazAhInA bhAvinI carcA karatAM temaNe A ja muddA nanI samasyAne viziSTa rIte sparze che. e che ApaNuM svatva upara bhAra mUkyo hate. "sattAnI lAlasA te rahevAnI ja pAmavAne Adarza je rASTrIya AMdolananA AraMbhane kedravata sattAsthAne baMdha karavAthI tame enAthI para nahi thaI zake vicAra che ane eNe punarutthAnanI pravRttine vega Ape che. ApaNA kAryakartAoe enAthI TevAI javuM paDaze ane koI ApaNA svatva prati pAchAM vaLavuM e ApaNA rASTrIya AMdo paNa padane kevaLa rASTrane khAtara dhANa karavAnuM zIkhI levuM lananI pramukha lAkSaNikatA rahI che. ApaNuM A AMdolana joize. e prakAranI zista ane 2 thaTrIya asmitAnI bhAvanA paradezI AdhipatyAnI sAme pitAne AtmanirdhAra vyakta lekamAM daDha karavAnuM kAma tamAre karavAnuM che." karavAnA arthamAM ja nahi, ApaNI purAtana vyaktinatAnI punaH prAptinA arthamAM paNa rASTrIya bane che. jeo enA rASTrIya asimatAnI bhAvanA e mukhyatve ApaNuM rASTra agraNI che temanA ataramAM 'bhAratIyatAnI nI bhAvanA vyApelI nI nI bhAvanA vyakatI nI pAtratAmAM vizvAsanI bAbata che ane lAgaNIone sparzatI che, teo bhAratanI mahinAthI temanI vicAradhArA ane saMskRti tamAma bAbatanI jema emAM paNa thoDuM atizayatAnuM tattva thI maMtramugdha banelAM che e paNuM eka arthapUrNa ghaTanA che. rahevAnuM paNa enI khAsa upagitA hoya de, ane emAM jarA rUDhivAdanI jhAMkhI thAya ke enA lIdhe paradezIonI najare kAraNa ke chevaTe te keIpaNa rASTra rASTrIya gauravanI ApaNe ceDA dhRNAspada paNa lAgIyeH chatAM ochAmAM ochuM sAcI bhAvanAnA vikAsa vinA TakI zake nahi. rASTrIya gaurava ApaNuM A navA rASTranA vikAsanA DAka kALa daramiyAna te nI sAcI bhAvanAnA abhAve ja bhArata vAraMvAra paradezI ApaNane A lAbhadAyI mAnasika valaNanI upekSA karavAnuM zAsana nIce AvatuM rahyuM che. ane e ja taltha enI paravaDI zake nahi dareka rAkhe, pachI te moTuM hoya ke nAnuM, ekatAmAM paNa bAdhaka banyuM che. A DukIkatAmAMthI paNa ucita eNe taruNAInA A tabakakAmAMthI pasAra thavAnuM Ave ja che. bodhapATha nahi laI zakIe te bhaviSyamAM paNa A ja kathAnuM ane keTalAka rASTro te A tabakkAthI hajIye AgaLa vadhyA patarAvartana thata. raheze. bhArata potAnA gaurava viSe kayAreya nathI. ane A valaNa saMpUrNa paNe vivekaDIna te nathI ja sabhAna nahi banI zake ema mAnavAmAM bhAratanA briTIza e ApaNe neMdhI levuM joIe bhUtakALa mATe gauravanI bhAvanA zAsake ge zuM khAI gayA hatA. ane 1905mAM emaNe ane bhAvi agenI prabaLa zraddhA e nirvivAdapaNe nakakara baMgALanA bhAgalA pADayA e emanI mahatvapUrNa bhUnI paraM. evAM to para AdhArita hovAM joIe, nahi te vAstavikaparAnuM prathama caraNa hatuM. svadezI AMdolananA netAoe taka tAnA prathama paze ja temane parapoTo phUTI jaze. mATe tarata jhaDapI lIdhI ane bhAratanI rASTrIya asmitAne asara bhArate enA gauravazALI bhUtakALamAM keTalIka mahattvapUrNa siddhio kAraka rIte DhaLI sAMprata itihAsamAM prathamavAra rASTrImAM hAMsala karI hatI ane bhaviSyamAM enAthI ya vadhAre gauravazALI Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 59 bhAgya ene mATe nirmAyeluM e hakIkata ApaNI ugatI peDhIne paNa rASTranA punarutthAnanA vicAra sAthe ekarUpa banI javuM ane zakya hoya te prauDhane paNa zIkhavavI e ApaNuM prathama joIe ane ApaNe tyAga paNa anAmI bairAgIone tyAga kartavya hovuM joIe. jeTale saMpUrNa banI ja jaIe. pitAnI jAtane jANavI, potAnA sAcAM svarUpa sAthe ekAtma banavuM e vyaktine mATe tema ja rASTrane mATe paNa svataMtra ane gauravAnvita bhAratamAtAne mukhanuM darzana kaI saraLa kAma te nathI ja, je ekAda divasamAM pUruM thaI karavA mATe ApaNe anurAga zrIkRSNanA mukha darzana mATenA ramaitanyanA anurAganI jema ApaNA saphaLa jIvanane AvarI jAya. A prApti sarvaprathama te zraddhAno viSaya che, paraMtu letI eka dhUna rUpa banI ja joIe. jagAI ane madhAI zraddhAne jJAnane Teke maLave, joIe. ane A jJAna ApaNuM gaurAMganA saMkirtanamAM joDAvA mATe rAjyanuM chatra paNa cheDI bhUtakAlIna jIvanarahasyanAM gahana adhyayana dvArA ja zaLI zake. gayA enA jevI uttharatA ane pUrNatA deza mATe ApaNA bhaviSyanA netAoe A adhyayanakAryamAM tanmaya thaI javuM svArpaNamAM hovI joI e ane yajJa vedI paranuM ApaNuM joIze. ApaNuM bhAvi mATe atyaMta mahattvanA eka tathya balidAna malakanA agnimAMthI potAnA saMtAnone pasAra karatA dvArA A kAryane madada maLI raheze e tathya che ApaNA tadana kArthojeniyama mAbAponA jeTaluM nibadha rIte udAra ane abhaNu desabAMdhavAmAM paNa AtmazraddhAvAna saMtanI paraMparAe saMpUrNa hovuM joIe jemAM koI paNa prakAranA manadukha mATe daDha karelI zraddhA. avakAza na hoya. rASTrabhaktanuM kAma che dareka bhAratavAsI samakSa potAnI A zraddhAne saMdeza raju kare. bhAratanI viziSTa paristhiti ApaNe hajI ApaNI jAta ane ApaNA dezanI vacce A kAmanI saphaLatAne piSaka bane che. dareka bhAratavAsI sahaja pasaMdagI karavAmAM kAMIka anubhavIe chIe. ApaNe mAnI sevA rIte ja pitAnA dezanA gauravamAM rAcatA hoya che. keI khUNe mATe eka Ano ApIzuM ane bAkInA paMdara AnA ApaNuM khAMcare AvelA bhAratanA grAmavAsIne paNa puche ke duniyAmAM pitAnI jAtane mATe, ApaNuM putra parivAra mATe, ApaNI sauthI mahAna deza karyo che te te vinA saMke. bhArata ja kIti ane pratiSThA mATe, ApaNI salAmati ane ArAma nirdeza karaze. ane A uttaranuM kAraNa jANavA mATe dabANa mATe sAcavI rAkhIzuM. paNa mAM pitAne ApaNI samakSa pragaTa kare to e tamane kaheze ke dhAraNa ke A deze jagatanA karI zake e mATe sarvasvanI mAMga kare che. suratha rAjAe uttamottama manuSa, prAcIna kALanA kAmanA kaSIo pedA karyA pitAnuM rakta sirayuM tyAre mA tenI samakSa pragaTa thayA ane che...lekamAnasamAM bhAratanA prAcIna himAnI A dRDhamULa varadAna mAgavA kaha zivAjIe mAnA caraNomAM pitAnuM mastaka zraddhAmAMja enA bhAvinI cekakasa bAMhedharI rahelI che. dharyuM tyAreja mA bhavAnIe pragaTa rUpe temane hAtha pakaDI rayA ane pitAnA lokone mukata karavA mATeno Adeza ane ApaNe e te kadApi bhUlavuM na joIe ke emane Ape. bhAratanA bhAgyanI adhiSThAgI devI te svayaM bhagavatI mAtA che, sarvoparI Adyazakita che. je pRthvi para have avatarI che ane dezabhakata enuM bhAratamAtA tarIke pUjana arcana kare che. jeo potAnA dezane mukta karI zakyA che teo ApaNe je kAMI mAMgIe chIe te Aja mAtR zakita ApaNane pitAnA prayatno saphaLatAne vare e mATe pUrNa svArpaNanI Apaze paNa te badhuM vinAmUlya maLI zakaze nahi. enI agnijhALamAMthI pasAra thayA che. ane bhAratane svataMtra karavAnI pakSavedI upara ApaNe ApaNuM saMkucita ahaMkArane bali jemanI abhIrasA che temaNe mA je kiMmata mAge te prathama caDAvavA mATe taiyAra thavuM joIze. AdhyAtmikatAne basa cUkavavI joIze. bhAratamAtA ApaNI pAse mAgI rahI che : Aja artha che, ane A ja che, prabhu jenuM sUtra saMcAlana tamArAmAMthI keNu mAre mATe jIvana jIvaze ? keNuM mRtyune karI rahyAM che. te kAryanI mukhya zarata. ane te ApaNuM pratyuttaranI rAha joI rahI che. bhArate svataMtratA meLavI che paNa mAnI mAMga hajI ubhI ja che. jema ratanya nimAI paMDita marI jaI svayaM zrIkRSNa banyA rAdhA ane balarAma banyA tema ApaNe badhAe ApaNuM pazcima eziyAne eka atyaMta purAtana dharma vidhi jemAM alaga jIvanamAM rAcavAnuM choDI daI rASTranA jIvanamAM otaprota vahina deva malakane saunuM hita sAdhavA deva tuNi athe potAnA thaI javuM joIe, rASTranuM jIvana jIvavuM joIe. mumukSunuM saMtAnone bali caDAvavAmAM AvatA A vidhi sarvaprathama rAjA citta mokSanA .icAramAM tallIna hoya che tema ApaNuM mana salamAnanA rasamayamAM zarU thaI hovAnuM manAya che. Jain Education Intemational cation Intemational

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pa94 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAstrIya asmitA bhAga-2 mAmA. 90000000000000000000000000000 000000000000 zubhecchA pAThave che. zubhecchA pAThave che zrI sarvodaya jUtha sevA sahakArI maMDaLI lI. | mu. khaMbhALIyA zrI tArApura saha. kha.ve. saMgha lI. (tAluke khaMbhAlIyA) (ji. jAmanagara) tArApura thApanA tA 31-3-56 neMdhaNI naMbara 1382 zerabhaMDoLa 35470 sabhya saMkhyA 385 (khaMbhAta tAluke) anAmata phaMDa 34722 (kheDA jillo) anya phaMDa - 532 39 A maMDaLI sabhAsadene dhIrANa kare che. maMDaLI sthApanA tArIkha 28-5-48 neMdhaNI naMbara 999 taraphathI rAsAyaNika khAtara, jaMtunAzaka davA. zudharelA zera bhaMDoLa rUA. 44344 sabhya saMkhyA 473 hAIbrIja kharIda vecavAnuM kAma kare che, zrI sarakAra anAmI phaMDa rU. 21614-78 mAnya pramANita karela che. sastA anAja kendra calAve kheDUta 22 che, hAtha vaNATanuM kApaDa vecANa maMDaLI dvArA thAya che. anya phaMDa rUA. 9590-25 : maMDaLInA kAryakSetranA gAma : khaMbhALIyA, keTA, majhA, lalIA, kuvADIA ane maNIbhAi zanAbhAI paTela choTAbhAI raNachoDabhAI paTela hAsthaLa che. maMtrI pramukha IsmAlakhAna jumAmegala harilAla rAmajI nakuma maMtrI pramukha ra00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000I zrIamarelI ji9lA sahakArI saMgha che lAyabrerI pAse-amarelI. ApanI bacata kayAM jamA rAkhazo ? sahakArI pravRttine saMgIna banAvavA tene vega ApavA mATe amarelI jIllA sahakArI saMghane urAjana Ape ane nIcenI bAbate lakSamAM rAkho. jAmanagara jIllA sahakArI benka lI. 1 je sahakArI maMDaLIoe naphAnI vaheMcaNI karI hoya te maMDaLIe vahelI take zikSaNa phaMDa mekalI mAM rAkhavAthI Apane vadhu vyAja ane dezanA kheta utpAdanamAM ApavuM jarUrI che. vadhAro karavAmAM ApanI thApaNuM upayogI thaze. 2 vArSika sabhya lavAjama na bhayu hoya te mokalI ApavA prabaMdha karazo. 3 saMghanI kacerIethI sAhitya ane kAyadAne pustako kharIdavAno Agraha rAkho. heDa ophIsa: sahakAra bhuvana, raNajIta roDa, jAmanagara, 4 navI sahakArI maMDaLIo racavA mATe saMghanI kacerIethI mAgadarzana meLavo. zAkhAo : lAlapurabhANavaDa jAmajodhapura, jeDIyA dvArakA 5 sahakArI pravRttine rUMghanArA savAlanA ukela jAmakhaMbhALIyA, kalyANapura, kAlAvaDa, mATe saMghanI kacerIe hodedArone saMparka sAdhe. dhroLa, alIAbADA latIpura bAlaMbhA amarelI jIllA sahakArI saMgha khetI viSayaka, khareDI khaMDherA ane AmaraNa. bIna khetI viSayaka ane odhogika evI tamAma sahukArI maMDaLIo pragati kare tema Icche che. mATe saMdhanI pravRttiomAM sahakAra ApavA tamAma sahukArI kAryakarone bI. ke. koThArI ke. pI. zAha bhalAmaNa karavAmAM Ave che. menejara jIvarAjabhAI vAgaDIyA rAmabhAI devAyatabhAI guNavaMtarAya purohIta mAnadamaMtrI upAdhyakSa, adhyakSa, occeocon 000000000000%000000 ceramena Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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(digaMbara) jaina dharmanA avatArI puruSo ane temanA samartha anuyAyiA zrI kapilabhAI TI. koTaDiyA badhAja dharmomAM avatArI puruSe nI yAdI raju karAya kevaLI thayA tyArabAra naMdimitra, aparAjita, govardhana, bhadrache. temane tIrthaMkara para.gaMbara avatAra vigerethI oLakhAvAya bADa ane viSNukumAra nAmanA pAMca zrutakevaLIo thayA. che jaina dharma e vizvadharma che kAraNa ke tenA praNetA tIrtha kare vitarAtrI hitopadezI ane sarva hatAM "jayati Iti A pAMce AcAryo pUrNa dvAdazAMga vettA sutakevalI jInaH " je AtmAnA duzmana evA karmone jIte te jIna che. thayA. tyAra pachI agiyAra aMga ane daza pUrvenA vettA evA tenA anuyAyi te jaina ane temano dharma te jaina dharma Ama AgeyAra AcAryo thayelA 1. vizAkhAcArya 2. prauSThila, jaina dharma e kaI jJAti jAti ke kemano dharma nathI. sama 3. kSatriya, 4. jaya, 5, nAga, 6. siddhArtha, 7. kRtisena, sta mAnava are sArIye java jAtine dharma che ne jaina dharma 8. vijaya 9. buddhila 10. gaMgadeva ane 11. dharmasena, hareka jIvane zIva thavAnI zakitavALo mAne che. dareka AtmA emane kALa 13 varSano che. te pachI 1. nakSatra, 2. jayaparamAtmA 8 nI zake che. AvA paramAtmA anaMta thayA pAla 3 pAMDu, 4. dhruvasena. 5. kaMsa A pAMca AcAryo che. ane anaMta thaze tema zAstro kahe che bhutakALamAM thayA agiyAra aMgenA dhAraka thayA. emane kALa 222 varSane ane bhAvimAM thaze paNa vartamAnamAM je AvA didho thayA che. pachInA 118 varSanA samayamAM 1. subhadra, 2. yazabhadra, te paikI 24 jaNane avatArI puraSa yAne tIrthakaro kahevAmAM 3. yazelAha ane 4. lehAya A cAra AcAryo eka mAtra Ave che tyAre te tIrtha ane tIrthane kare te tIrthakara bhAga AcArAMganA dhAraka thaI gayA. emanA pachI aMga ane pUrva vata ane anya purANomAM paNa jene avatAra tarIke ALa vanonI paraMparA purI thaI gaI ane badhA ja aMge ane khAvI temanI stuti karI namaskAra karyA che tevA kaSabhadeva e pUnA eka dezanuM jJAna AcArya paraMparAthI dharasenAane jaina dharmanA AdiyAne prathama tIrthakara che te pachI ajItanAtha prApta thayuM. e bIjA agrAyaNI pUrvanA aMtargata cethA vagere 19 tIrthakara thayAne 20mA avatAra che muni sutrata mahAkarma prakRtiprAbhRtanA viziSTa jJAnI hatA. Aja arasAmAM svAmi temanA samayamAM bhagavAna zrIrAma ( balabhadra) vAsudeva adabali, mAghanaMdi vinayaghara, zrIdatta, zIvadatta, vRtisenA lakSamaNa ane pratinArAyaNa rAvaNa thayA che. te pachI nami cArya, paNa thayAnuM kahevAya che. A badhAne aMgatathA pUrvanA * tIrthakara thayAne tyArabAda nArAyaNa zrI kRSNane kAkAnA dIkarA ekadeza jJAtA hovAnuM manAya che. ariSTanemI yAne namInAtha 22mAM tIrthakara thayA. je zrI tAvatAranI A paraMparA dhavalA TIkAnA racayitA kRSNa autihAsika puraM che te arisTanemi paNa rAjA samudra 2vAmI A vIrasena ane indra nandi anusAra che nandisaMghanI guptanA dIkarA hovAthI autihAsika purUSa Thare che. tyArapachI prAkRta paTTAvalI (je upalabdha che) te anusAra paNa zratAvaharmana jekelI jevA jarmana vidvAna ane itara ghaNAM saMze tArano Aja krama che. phakta AcAryonA keTalAka nAmomAM phera dhana kAro e trevIsamAM tIrthakara zrI pArzvanAthane paNa ati- che. paraMtu moTA bhAge te uparyukata kAlagaNanAnusAra bha. hAsika purUSa mAnyA che. temanA 250 varSa pachI ane I. mahAvIramAM nirvANa pachInA dara+1 0+ 183+220+ 118 sa. pUrve 34 varSa jainanA aMtima ane cAvIsamAM tIrthaMkara 683 varSo vityA pachI ja AcArya dharasena thayA ema zrI mahAvIra svAmI zyA. temanuM AyuSya mAtra 9 2 varSanuM spaSTa skirSa nikaLe che nandi saMdhanI paTTAvalI pramANe dharahatuM. temane nirmANa pAvApurImAM AjathI 2497 varSa senAdhAne kALa vIra nirvANathI 614 varSa pachI che. bRhapahelAM ce hate. rAjA zreNIka ane rAjA cetakanI jema kripaNikA je eka vetAMbara vidavAnanI lakhelI che ane je mahAvIranA pitA rAjA sidhdhAya paNa AtihAsika ra che. bahu ja pramANita mAnavAmAM Ave che emAM paNa dharasenAavatAromAM zrI mahAvIra chele avatAra che. te kevaLajJAnI cAryane kALa vi. ni. thI 600 varSa pachInA batAvela che. hatA sidhdha padane pAmyA yAne mekSe gayA che. tyArabAda janma maraNano phero maTI jAya tevI paramasiyatane pAmelAomAM A dharasena kAThiyAvADamAM AvelA girinagara (giranAra IndrabhUti gautama, sudharmAcArya ane jaMbu svAmI thaI gayA. parvata)nI cAMdra guphAmAM rahetA hatA. jyAre e ghaNuM ja vRddha bhagavAna mahAvIranA nirvANa bAda bAsaTha varSamAM A traNa thaI gayA ane pitAnuM jIvana atya5 ane avazakti joyuM che . skarSa nidhI nirvANathI 5 lakhelI nA Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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pa9 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 tyAre emane ciMtA thaI zake ke avasarpiNI kALanA prabhAvathI devIo pota potAnA sudara rUpamAM prakaTa thaI ne kahevA lAgI zrutajJAnanA divase ne divase hAsa thato jAya che. A samaye ke " svAmI AjJA Apo. amAre zuM karavAnuM che?" tyAre mane je kutajJAna che eTaluM Aje koIne nathI je huM A sAdhuoe kahyuM Apa le kothI amone ehika ke paralaukika zrata bIjAne saMbhALavAna ApI zakuM to te mArI sAthe ja naSTa prayajana nathI. ame to gerunI AjJAthI A maMtra sAdhanA thaI jaze. A prakAranI ciMtAthI ane bhUta rakSaNanA vAtsalyathI karI che. A sAMbhaLIne devIo potAnA sthAne pahoMcI gaI prerAIne emaNe e samaye dakSiNA pathamAM sAdhu saMmelana para che. maMtra sAdhanAnI saphaLatAthI prasanna thaIne eo AcArya eka patra mekalIne potAno abhiprAya vyakta karyo. saMmelanamAM gharasena pAse pahoMcyA ane emane yAda-vaMdanA karI vidyAbirAjelA mukhya AcAryo e AcArya dharasenanA patra para gaMbhIra- siva pa.baMdhI badhIja vAta karI. A dharasena pitAnA tAthI vicAra karyo ane zrutanA grahaNa ane dhAraNamAM samartha abhiprAyanI sidhdhi ane samAgI sAdhuonI gyatA joI nAnA prakAranA ujajavaLa, nirmaLa vinayathI vibhUSita, zIlarUpI ne bahuja prasanna thayA. ane "ghaNuM ja sarasa" ema kahIne mAlA dhAra, deza, kAma ane jAtithI zuddha ane sarva kaLAomAM emaNe zubhatithi, zubha nakSatra ane zubha vAramAM graMthano pAraMgata evA be sAdhuone AcArya dharasena pAse mokalyA. abhyAsa karAvavo zaru karyo. A prakAre kramabadha vyAkhyAna karatAM karatAM A dharasena aSADha suda ekAdazInA purva kALamAM je divase e be sAdhu girinagara pahoMcavAnA hatA. graMtha pUrNa karyo. vinaya pUrvaka baMne sAdhu e guranA graMthanuM enI pUrva rAtrie A dharasene svapnamAM joyuM ke dhavala ane adhyayane samApta karyuM che. e jANI bhUta natinA vyaMtara dee vinamra be baLada AvIne emanA caraNomAM praNAma karI rahyA bemAMthI ekanI pupAvalI thI zaMkha tuMrya vigere vAchatra ne che. svapna jotAM ja AcArya zratadevatA jamavaMtI rahe ema vagADI ne pUjA karI. AthI dharasenA ca ya e emanuM nAma kahetAM kahetAM uMghamAMthI jAgIne beThA thaI gayA. eja divase bhUta bali" rAkhyuM tathA bIjA sAdhunA actavyasta dAMta dakSiNApathathI mekalelA be sAdhu AcAryanI pAse pahoMcyA ukhADIne sarakhA karyA pachI bhavya samArohuthI pUjA kare A ane ati harSita thaIne emanA caraNu-vandanAdika kRtikamAM joIne AcArya dharasene emanuM nAma " puSa8nta" rAkhyuM. karIne be divasa vizrAma karyo, ane trI nA divase emaNe AcAryane emanA AvavAnuM prayojana jaNAvyuM. AcArya pitAnA mRtyune ati nikaTa jANIne, mArA mRtyuthI paNa emanA vacana sAMbhaLI prasanna thayA ane 'tamArUM kalyANa A lokone kaleSa na thAya ema vicArIne tathA vaDatu najIka thAo" evA AzIrvacana ucAryA. jANIne AcArya dharasene emane emanI jagAe jatA rahevA Adeza Ape. e baMne sAdhuo potAnA gurunA cara mAM AcAryazrInA manamAM vicAra AvyuM ke pahelAM A vadhu rahevAnI icchA rAkhatA hovA chatAM " gurunA vacananuM baMne navayuvAnanI parIkSA karavI je ) e ke A zrehu uH 'ghana na karAya ' ema vicArIne eja divase tyAMthI ane dhAraNa-vigere ne egya che ke nahi ? kAraNa ke achaMda he kAraNa ke je nIkaLI gayA. ane aMkalezvara (gujara ta mAM AvIne varSAkALa nI -vihArI lokone vidyA bhaNAvavI e saMsAra ane bhayane vitA asatAra, ane vana vitAvyuM. varSAkALa pUro thatA pu padaMta AcAya te pitAnA vaSa para vadhAranAra evuM vicArIne emaNe bane sAdhuonI parIkSA bhANeja jinapAlitanI sAthe vanavAsa deza ca lyA gayA ane levAno vicAra karyo. te mujaba AcArya e baMne sAdhuone te ane bhUtabali bhaTTAraka paNa mila deza cAlyA gayA. be maMtra vidyAnI sAdhanA karavA mATe ApI. be mAMthI eka maMtra vidyA ochA akSarovALI hatI ane bIjI vadhAre te pachI puSpadaMta AcAryae jina pAlitane dIkSA akSaravALI baMnene eka eka maMtra vidyA ApIne kahayuM ke ApIne, gusthAnAdi vIru | garbhita satyarUpazcAnA tame leke A paTTo pravAsa ( be divasanA upavAsa) thI sutranI racanA karI ane jinapa litane bhaNAvIne bhu bIla sidhdha kare. ane sAdhu guru pAsethI maMtra vidyA laIne bha. AcArya pAse mokalyA emane jina pAlita pAse vIsa. nemInAthanA niravANunI zilA para besIne maMtra sAdhanA karatA prarupaNa garbhita saprarupaNAnA sUtro joyAM ane e jANIne karatAM jyAre emane sidhdha thaI te emaNe vidyAnI adhiSThAtrI ke puSpadaMta AcArya apAyu che, AthI mahAkarma prakRtidevatAomAM joyuM ke eka devInA dAMta bahAra che ane bIjI prAbhRtane nAza na thaI jAya e vitha rIte bhUla 5 ne be kapa kANI che. devatAonA vikRta aMge jaI emane thayuM ke pramANanagamane laIne AgaLanA graMthanI racanA karI jyAre devatAonA vikRta aMge te heAya ja nahi mATe jarUra maMtramAM graMtha racanA pustakAruDha thaI cukI tyAre jeTha suda pAMcamanA kyAMka kazIka azuddhi che. A prakAre e baMnee vicAra karI zubha divase caturvidha saMghanI sAthe bhUtaba' la AcAryae ghaNA vyAkaraNa zAstramAM kuzaLa evA e baMne e pota potAnA moTA samArehathI graMtha pUjA karI tyArathI A tithi zratamaMtrone zuddha karyA. je maMtramAM cha vadhArAnA akSaro hatA ene paMcamInA nAmathI prasiddha che. ane e divasathI Aja sudhI kADhI nAMkhI temaja jemAM ochA akSaro hatA temAM umerIne jaino zrutapUjana ka tA AvyA che, enA pachI bhUta 5 lae pita pitAnA maMtrane sidhdha karavA lAgyA. tyAre e be vidyA pitAnA dvArA racita A pustAruDha SakhaMDa rupa Agamane Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha jinapAlitanI sAthe AcArya puSpadaMtanI pAse mokalyA. e dhara svAmInA samavasaraNamAM teo gayelA ne dharma upadeza A pakhaMDAgamane joIne tathA potAnA dvArA prAraMbha karela sAMbhaLe te jatA hatA tyAre rastAmAM temanI mayura pIMchI kAryane saphaLatAthI saMpanna thayeluM jANIne ghaNu prasanna thayA paDI gayelI tethI deve gIdhanAM pIMchAnI pIchI banAvI ane emaNe paNa A siddhAMta graMthanI caturvidha saMghane sAthe ApelI te parathI temanuM gRddha picchAcArya nAma paDeluM. videha pUjA karI kSetramAM zarIranI avagAhanA pAMcase dhanuSyanI hoya che. jyAre aSTAMga vittajJAnI A dharasena AcAryane siddhAMtA kuMdakuMda svAmI te 6-7 hAthanI uMcAInA hatA tethI videha mRta sAgara ane pravA digaja kezarInA IlkAba zAstroksoe kSetranA cakravatInI hathelImAM teone uMcakI lIdhelA ne tyAM ApyA che ne temanA ziSya zrI puSpadaMtane paNa sAkSAdvidhA te mAtra elacI jevA dekhatA hatA te parathI temanuM nAma ziSya mAla samiti pati ane dunayAtvakAra ravi jevAM elAcArya paDeluM tevI daMtakathA pracalita che. temaNe racelA vizeSaNothI jJAnIoe navAjyA che. dharasenA AcArya mATe zAstronA AdhAre hAlanA badhAye druta bhaMDAra samRdhdha che. je cothA prAbhutanuM jJAna hatuM te jJAnAmRtamAMthI anukrame kuda kuMda svAmIne samaya vIra saMvata 497 yAne vikrama tyAra pachInA AcAryo dvArA ja khaMDAgama, dhavalA, mahAdhavala, saMvata 27 gaNAya che. te hisAbe tyAra pachInA umAsvAmIne gammaTa sAra A zAstro ra | Ane prathama zrutaskaMdha kahe samaya 546 (vikrama saMvata 76) gaNAya A bahuzruta AvAya che. Aja ararAmAM bIjA evA ja samartha AcArya cAryane jainenA traNe phirakA eTale ke digaMbare vetAMbaro thayA te panuM nAma che gugudhara temane jJAna pravAda pUrvanA dezamAM ane sthAnakavAsI mAne che. temaNe ekaja graMtha lakhele jenuM vastunA trIjA prAbhutanuM jJAna hatuM ne te jJAnamAMthI tyAra nAma che zrI tatvArtha sUtra yAne mekSazAstra je samagra jaina samAjamAM gItA, bAyabala ane kurAna jeTaluM pUjya ane pachInA AcAryoe anukrame siddhAMta graMtha racyA ne te paMcA priya zAstra che. pacAsa varSa bAda jevI Agama AkAzanA stikAya, pravacanasAra, samayasAra vagere che ane dvitiya zruta dedipyamAna nakSatra samAna kSatriya kutpanna zrI saMmata bhadrAskaMdha kahevAmAM Ave che. aMgenA ekadeza jJa tA evA lehA cArya thayA kamaeNdaye temane bhamaka roga thayele tethI dIkSA cheda cArya IsvIsana zarU thayA bAda 21 varSa thayAnuM noMdhAyu che. karIne te tridaMDI sanyAsI thaI gayelA ne eka ziva maMdiramAM ane guNadhara AcAryuM paNa temanA samakAlIna jevA hatA tethI temano samaya u.sananI prathama zatAbdIne pUrvArdha hovA rahI bhagavAnane dharAto badho bhega ArogI jatA A vAta joIe. tyAMnA rAnI zivabhUtine khabara paDI gaI temane ziva mUti mAMthI caMdra prabhunI mUrti pragaTe tevI zraddhA batAvI rAjAne kuta paraMparA lepa thaI javAnA bhayathI guNadhara jaina dharmAvalaMbI banAvela A AcArya ratiraMDa zrAvakA AcArya 18 gAthAomAM "kaSAya pAhuDa '' nAmanA paramA- cAra Apta mimAMsA svayaMbhustrotra mutyunuM zAsana vagere gamanI racanA karI je hAla upalabdha che. zAstronI racanA karelI gaMdha hati mahA bhAgyane keTalAka - tyArabAda ghaNA samartha AcAryo thaI gayA che ane AyurvedanA graMthe temaNe racelA tevA saMdarbha maLe che. paNa temaNe gahana ane rahasyamaya AgamanI racanAo karI che. Aje prApya nathI. te pachI pAMcamI chaThThI zatAbdImAM nahi temAM sauthI vadhu prabhAvazALI thayA te kuMdakuMda svAmI. teo saMghanAM pradhAnAcArya devanaMdI aparanAma pUjyapAda svAmI 1lI zatAbdImAM ke te pachInA cAra varasamAM thayA te haja thayA temaNe paNa videha kSetranI yAtrA karI hatI tevA zilAnizcita nathI temaNe samayasAra pravacanasAra, niyamasAra, lekhe maLyA che. leDhAne suvarNa karavAnI sidhdhI A RSine paMcAstikAma, aSTapAhuDa ramaNasAra, Adi 50 jeTalA bahu prApta thai hatI tevA ullo paNa maLyA che. te karNATakanA mUlya graMtha racIne svAdhyAya premI jana samudAya upara mahAna brAhmaNa kuletpanna mAdhavabhaTTanA dIkarA hatA. emaNe samAdhi upakAra karyA che A AcAryanAM pAMca nAma hatAM. taMtra Ibdopadeza jainendra vyAkaraNa Adi maulika graMthanI racanA karelI che tathA umA svAmInA tatvArtha sUtranI sarvAtha 1 kuMdakuMda svAmI siddhi nAmanI TIkA paNa lakhI che zabdAvatAra graMtha paNa temane 2 elAcArya ja che vaidakanA keTalAka graMtho paNa temaNe lakhelA temanA 3 gRddha pikacarya samartha zipa vajanaMdIe vikrama saMvata pa26mAM 4 vakra grIvAcArya ane drAviDa saMdhanI sthApanA karelI te saune vidita che. vikrama savaMta 536 nI Asa pAsa mAM thanAra vasunaMdI AcAryuM 5 padyanaMdI yati-AcAra, pratiSThA cAra zrAvakAcAra vagere zAstranuM teo eTalA badhA svAdhyAya magna rahetA hatA ke nirmANa kareluM teja harI rasAmAM vIranaMdI kavi nAmanA sAdhue temanI Deka vakI vaLI gayelI tethI temanuM nAma vakagrIvAcArya AcArasAra, caMdraprabhu caritra ane zilpasaMhitA Adi graMtha paDeluM svarganA devanI sahAyathI videha kSetrastha bhagavAna sima- lakhyA che. se varSa bAda thayelA vAdIbhasiMha Age 11: 0) Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 - e potAnI nirabhi karyo che. 50 sudhI cA jJatra cuDAmaNI ane gadya ciMtAmaNI graMtho lakhIne jene gadya tyane bheTa dharyA che. vIra saMvata 1432 nA arasAmAM amRtacaMdrA sAhitya ne samRdhdha karyuM che. temanA samakAlIna evA vRSabhanaMdI cAya thayA temaNe samayasAra vagerenI ajoDa TIkA lakhI che te e jinasAra samuracaya graMthanI bheTa ApI che. AThamI thI sAthe tattvArtha sAra ane purUSArtha sidhupaDama jevA maulika zAstro dasamI zatAbdImAM ghaNA jaina sAdhuo e pitAnA jJAnane paNa racyAM che. te te vaDe adhyAtmane advitiya vArasa ume AyurvedanA graMtha taiyAra karavAmAM upayoga karelo te paikI karyo che je ciraMjIva ne zAzvata rahenAra che, te samayanA aSTAMga AyurvedanA jJAtA zrI naMdAcArya khAsa dha pAtra arasAmAM zrI mahilaNAcArya (1439) thayA temane mahAche ne temanA ziSya zrI ugra dityA cA " kalyANa kAraka" purANu sajajana citta valabha, nAgakumAra kAvya vagere graMthanI nAmaka samagra Ayurveda nI chaNAvaTa karate anupama graMtha A racanA karI che. te pachI 2SadhIka9pa ane pratiSThApAThanA vijJAnane caraNe dharI dadI samAjanI bhAre sevA karI che. lakhanAra zrI iMdranaMdimuni pachI lagabhaga 1dhamAM zrI ami tagati AcArya thayA temaNe dharma parIkSA zrAvakAcAra subhAmoTA bhAganA jana AcArya e potAnI kRtiomAM sita ratnasaMdeda ane bhUgoLa saMbaMdhI AgAmone lipibaddha pitAnA vize kaMija mAhitI ApI nathI. te temanI nirabhi- karyA che. te pachI traNa varSano bhaTTAraka yuga zarU thayA te mAnatA ne nispRhatA sAbita kare che tethI varSo vagere jaNAvyA la nA 1750 sudhI cAlyo. te samayamAM samakArtAi; saMkala vagara keTalAka samartha AcAryonI nAmAvalI raju karIne ja mota nIta na sAvalA 7 jAna ja kIti nakIrti, nAna bhUSaNa, kumudacaMdra Adi bhaTArakoe saMteSa levo paDe che. siddhasena mANika naMdI devasUrI, dhama- jInavANIne udhAra karavAmAM amUlya phALo Apela che. zrI bhaSaNa tevA graMtha kAro che. prabaMdha ciMtA maNinA lekhata bhadharinA sagAbhAI zrI zubhacaMdrAcArya pazu Aja dazAmamAM merUtuMga AcArya, tapacakanA kartA deva senAcArya, paramAtmA thayA che ne temaNe "jJAnANuM " eka che ? kaMthI 5,tAnI prakAzanA racayitA zrI yogIndra devanA samaye vize paNa kIti jhaLahaLAvI che. bhaTAraka yuga pachI ghaNuM zrAvakoe graMthamata bheda che digaMbarenuM mULa Agama SaTa khaMDAgamanA samartha racanA upara potAno hAtha ajamAvyo che te paikI AzAdharajI TIkAkAra zrI vIrasena svAmI pitAnI dhavalA ane jaLa dhavalA ajabane pratibhA saMpana graMthakartA che. te sivAya prabhAcaka TIkAothI atyaMta prasiddha che ja ne te TIkAone kAraNe bhaTTAraka kutasAgara Adi ghaNAe zrutasAgarane samRddha banAkaraNAnagI sidhAMta graMtha nuM, adhyayane sau mATe saraLa banyuM vavAmAM potAne phALo Apela che. che bAramI sadImAM cAmuDarAya rAjAnA guru zrI nemIcaMdra sidhdhAMta cakravatI thaI gayA temaNe gommasAra, gaulokasAra A vIsamI sadImAM pratibhAvaMta sAdhu thayA te dakSiNanA labdhisAra, kSapaNasAra ne dravya saMgraDa Adi ghaNuja mahatvanA zrI cAtra cUDAmaNI zrI 108 AcArya zAMti sAgarajI ne sAra rUpa paMthe racIne jaina bhAratI nI bhAre sevA karI che. temaNe jaina dharmanA mULa zAstrone tAmrapatra upara chetarAvI aDatAlisa tALAmAM baMdha karelA chatAM 48 gAthAnuM bhakatAmara dhama zAstronI amUlpa jALavaNInuM apUrva kArya karyuM che tetra racIne bahAra nIkaLanAra zrI mAnatuMgAcArya stutividyAnA temanA samartha zikhemAM AcArya sudharmasAgarajI agAdha vidvAna praNetA jevA che. Aja arasAmAM prameya kamala mArtaDa, nyAya hatA ne temane zAstro racyAM che. te sAthe zrI kuthuM sAgarajIe kumuda caMdrodaya vagere nyAya zAstranA racayitA zrI prabhAcaMdrA bedhAmRta sAra vagere 50 graMtha racI potAnI pratibhAne camacArya paNa khAsa noMdha pAtra vidvAna sAdhu thaI gayA. ane kA kAvI che ne bhavya jI ne taravAnI nAvaDI purI pADI che. temanAthI paNa caDhe tevA agharA nA racayitA zrI akalaMka brahmacArI zitala prasAdajIe temane samayamAM paNa ghaNuM ja deve rAjavAtika, aSTazatI, nyAya vinizcayA laMkAra ane zrI kayuM che ne adhara na karyuM che ne agharA graMthonA anuvAda karI karAvI svAdhyAya vighAnaMda svAmI e ka vAtika nAmaka TIkA lakhIne ane premIone bhAre savalata ubhI karI ApI che. pUjya gaNeza vADamayanI kiMmatI sevA bajAvI che. AdI purANakAra zrI prasAdajI vaNI ane pUjya manaharalAla vaNanInAM nAma paNa jayasiMha naMdI-AcAryanuM varAMga caritra prasidhdha graMtha che A dizAmAM upha, khanIya che. zrI manaharalAla ke jeo sahatevuMja purANu zrI jinasena cAye (132 872) lakhI jAna de 0 jAnaMdajInA nAme vikhyAta che temaNe 250 thI 300 jeTalAM jenA prathama tIrthaMkara zrI AdinAthanI jIvanI sajIva karI pustako lakhyAM chapALI madirAnA tha bha DAra bharI dIdhA che. ApI che temane pagale temanA samartha ziSya zrI guNabhadrAcAryuM che. mULazaMkara tathA bra cunIbhAI dezAI rAjakoTavALAe paNa tresaTha zalAkA purUnI badhIja kathanI uttara purANamAM guMthI zakti ane mAre zusevA karI che. Ama bhagavAna mahAvIra ApI che sAthe AtmAnuM zAsana namo graMtha ApI potAnI ' svAmIthI mAMDIne Ajadina sudhI ghara samartha puru thayo ke apUrva pratibhAnAM darzana karAvyA che. tyAra pachI zrI emadevasurI jema sutane caraNe potAnA za jemaNe zrutane caraNe pitAnA za.ine mati dharIne kRtArtha (1351)e yazatilakacaMdra, nIti vAkyAmRta adhyAtma taraMgiNI thayA che. vagere graMtho ApyA te vAdirAja sUri (1418) yazodhara caritra, sAMpatakALamAM dakSiNamAM bAhubalIku bhejamAM jJAnayajJanA pArzvanAtha caritranI sAthe ekI bhAva stotra banAvI jaina sAhi puraskartA zrI samaMta bhad munirAjanuM nAma khAsa ullekhanIya 1 e zakitavAdirAja sarasa banAvI je Jain Education Intemational

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zreyasmRti saMdarbha pa99 che. te vizvadharmane ahAleka jagADanAra zrI vidyAnaMda muni 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 mahArAjanI sAhitya sevAne amRta varSonI jeTalI prazaMzA che dhI koDInAra tAlukA ke-opareTIva che karIe teTalI theDI che. jJAnamUti jevA jJAnasAgare paNa zuM saMskRtamAM graMthe racI pitAnI vidvattAne jInavANIne caraNe che benkIMga yunIyana lI. caDhAvI che. te sivAya AcArya dezabhUSaNe arvAdanA ane maulika ghaNAM graMthe lakhIne zAstrajJAnane vadhu bhagya banAvI hai keDInAra 2jIsTarDa naMbara 20259/s-64 ApavAnI suMdara kaziSa karI che. munijI kRtasAgarajI, muni che tAra : yunIyana oDITa varga a zrI ajIta sAgarajI, AcArya vimala sAgarajI vagere e # pita potAnI rIte jInavANInI vaiyAvRtya karIne saune lAbha ? sthApanA : tA. 23-11-1912 phona naM. 16 pahoMce tevA prayatna karyA che ne karI rahyA che temanI sAthe zera bhaMDaLa ane anya kaDe bIjI aneka AyikA mAtAo jevI ke jJAnamatijI; viza- adhikRta zera bhaMDoLa ... rU. 50,00,000 ddhamatijI Adie pitAnI pratibhAone zAstra racanAmAM che bharapAI thayeluM zera bhaMDoLa.. ,, 34,39.300 camakAvI che ane te dvArA sarva kalyANa kAraka evA janadharmanA 4 rIjharva phaMDa * ; 4,19,100 pracAra ane pracAramAM potAno phALe noMdhAvyo che. A che 8. bIjA phaMDa * , 2,28,853 saMpUrNa tyAgane varelA evA samartha purUSane TUMke itihAsa. 4 sarva prakAranI thApaNe >> 82,08,109 kula kArya bhaMDoLa * 1,71,25,128 zrI polAbhAI bhagavAnabhAI bAraDa ja jodhAbhAI mAlAbhAI bI e. (enasa) eca. DI. sI, adhyakSa menejara 8 zrI bhagavAnabhAI kALAbhAI merI zrI noghaNabhAI jodhAbhAI bAraDa che ekAphenTanTa ela. ela. bI. suprITeDanTa opha lonsa 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 000000000000000000000000000 000000000000 eTa TeligrAma : WOOLKUTIR selaphonaH 322253 412 : MINCORP Te. naM. 76375-6-7 guMthavAnA Una mATe amArA benke mAkane sarvadA Agraha rAkhe kAraNa ke tene raMga pAke hoya che temaja dhovAthI te caDI jatu nathI. 6 rASTanA khanija nakazAmAM gujarAta gauravabharyuM sthAna prApta che amArI keTalIka verAiTIjha 0 jasTara 0 mhAITa leDI 0 pArijAta vigere phalera sAra beka sAITa salI senDanI 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 bIke vulana kaMpanI vulana yArna maracanTa ane kamIzana ejanTasa (lakSmIcaMda maNalAla zAha) 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 jarUrIyAta mATe saMparka sAdhe gujarAta minarala DevalapamenTa korporezana limITeDa, 82-86 abdula rahemAna sTrITa, bIje mALe, muMbaI-3 saba selIMga ejanTa (InDiyA) bekhe vulana muilsa (prA) li. muMbaI 5 me mALa, naTarAja cembara, Azrama roDa, amadAvAda-9 "ha000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000008 Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 v000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 zubhecchA pAThave che. TelIphena naM. 317430 taDI vAlAvAva sahakArI maMDaLI lI. mu. tareDI (mahuvA tAluka) (bhAvanagara jile). je. lakhamIdAsa kAM. nA dhoyelA mAlanA vepArI. The. vijaya galI, mulajI jeThA mArakeTa, muMbaI naM 2. phule molagrupa sthApanA tArIkha 21-4-65 ne dhaNI naMbara 68 07 rUbI mIsa lega kaletha zyAmasuMdara razIyA vanarAja jalamutI royalaprInsa kahInura mIsa lAMgakaletha bagabena grInDalenDa jalaputrA sureza kahInurakaka abhInaMdana zenArabaMgalA hona zena malamala hAI sosAyaTI geDanabuca ketakI geDana krasTa sabhya saMkhyA 70 zerabhaMDe.La 19850-00 anAmata phaMDa 2314-12 kanaiyAlAla je. bhaTTa maMtrI vALA jItubhAI rANubhAI pramukha. vInara phonaH 259 (3 lAIna) tAra "banAsa DerI" zubhecchA pAThave che abhinaMdana sAthe banAsakAMThA jIllA sahakArI dUdha utpAdaka saMgha limiTeDa. posTa mekSa naM. 2, pAlanapura (gujarAta) zrI pAla gRpa ke. o. koTana sela sosAyaTI. lI. pazu-pAlananA vikAsa sAthe gAmaDAnAM Arthika utthAna mATe banAsa DerI (jahAMgIrapura-cha (rAde2) (coryAsI tAluko ) (surata jIle) stha panA tArIkha 5-8-1924 noMdhaNI 24462 zera laDALa rU 80,40 0=00 sabhya saMkhyA 2488 anAmata phaDa 44511=59 kheDuta che anya phaMDa , 27685=02 sahakArI sAhasa che,bhAI ke. paTela banAsakAMThA jIllA sahakArI dudha utpAdaka saMgha lI. pAlanapura. khuzAlabhAI ema. paTela maMtrI 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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eziyAnA dharmomAM Izvara viSayaka vicAra zrI esa. ema. paMcAla mahAna eziyA khaMDa vizvanA dharmone gurU che. vizva. zabda utarI Avyo Ama eka ati vizALa, sarvapakAvya dharmanuM sthAna laI zake tevA aneka dharmonuM udbhavasthAna tathA zAzcata zakitane hindu dharmamAM traNa tarIke oLakhavAmAM banavAnuM mAna eziyA khaMDane jAya che. sAmAnya rIte eziyA Ave che. brahma e vizeSadazI" nAma nathI. paraMtu guNadazI mAMudbhavelA dharmone mukhya traNa vibhAgamAM vaheMcI zakAya. nAma che. je ke tAtvika draSTie "brahma" ane "Izvara" (1) dakSiNa eziyAmAM udbhavelA dharmo, jevA ke hindudharma, vacce keTaleka taphAvata jarUra rahe che. jainadharma, bauddhadharma ane zIkhadharma. (2) pazcima eziyAmAM udbhavelA dharmo, jevA ke yahudI dharma, khrIstIdharma, islAma IzvaranA svarUpa bAbatamAM hindu dharmamAM aneka vicAre dharma ane jarastI dharma ane (3) pUrva eziyAmAM udbha pravarte che. jemAM be vicAre mukhya che. 1 saguNa ane sAkAra velA dharmo, jevA ke kanphayuzyasa dharma, tAdharma ane mata 2 nirguNa tathA nirAkAra mata nirguNa matavAdIo zintadharma mujaba Izvara nirguNa ane nirAkAra che. te tamAma mAnavIya ke atimAnavIya guNo tathA AkArothI para evuM astitva vAstavamAM vizvanA lagabhaga badhA ja dharmoe simita dharAvatI sattA che. vAstavamAM guNane vicAra maryAditAnuM jIvananI anubhUtimAMthI asima evA tatvanI saMkalpanAne sUcana kare che. paraMtu Izvara te amaryAdita, asima ane svikAra karyo che. A saMkalpanA eziyAnA dharmomAM paNa pUrNa evI sattA che, tene koI maryAdAmAM bAMdhI na zakAya. pratyakSa yA parokSa rUpe svikArAI che. paramatatvanI A saMka- game te guNe yA AkAro dvArA karavAmAM AveluM tenuM varNana 95nA vividha dharmoe vividha nAma-rUpathI svikArI che. tenAM adhuru che. Izvara te ApaNI kalapanA karatAya adhika vizALa nAmarUpa bhale jUdA rahyA, paraMtu sUkSama dRSTithI tenuM parikSaNa che. tenI samakSa ApaNu badhAja vicAro ane varNana karIzuM te e bAhya vibhinnatAmAM ekatAnAM darzana jarUra thaze. ogaLI jAya che, te anirvacaniya che. ane je temaja hoya te sImita mana ane vANImAM Izvarane bAMdhavAno prayAsa sAmAnya arthamAM je dharma paramatatvano astitva svikAra kare che te Astika dharma kahevAya che ane je tenA astitvane taddana artha dina banI jAya che. Ama Izvara pUrNataH nirguNa ane nirAkAra che, jo ke A paNa tenuM eka varNana ja thayuM svakAra karatA nathI te nAstika dharma kahevAya che. upara darzA vAstavamAM mauna e ja tenuM sarvazreSTha varNana che. tenuM A vela eziyAnA dharmonI paramatatva viSayaka saMkalpanA ApaNe bhinna bhinna rIte tapAsIzuM. rUpa mAtra uttama kaTinA jJAnIo ja samajI zake tema che, sAmAnya upAsake mATe te agamya che. hindudharma. bIjA mata mujaba Izvara saguNa ane sAkAra che. hindudhama vizvanA jJAta dharmomAM sauthI vadhu prAcina samagra vizvane te AdhAra che. te vizvanI sarjaka, pAlaka ane dharma che. vizvanA vibhinna dharmomAM te eka anerUM sthAna vinAzaka zakti che. sau uttama guNe ane akhUTa auzcaryane dharAve che. vizvadharmanuM birUda prApta karavAnI kSamatA dharAvatA te bhaMDAra che. te svayaMbhU, sarvajJa, sarvazakitamAna, nitya. A dhamanuM udabhavasthAna bhArata che. jo ke tene udbhava amara, sarva vyApaka ane akSara sattA che. saguNa rUpe te kayAre ane kenA dvArA thaye te aMge koI nizcita kathane aneka AkAra dhAraNa kare che. tAtvika draSTie samagra sRSTi thaI zake tema nathI. e te mAnavajIvananA vikAsamAMthI svA- IzvaranuM ja eka saguNa ane sAkAra rUpa che, Izvara ja sRSTi bhAvika rIte ja udgama pAmele dharma che. rUpe Avirbhuti thayela che. sRSTinA aNu aNumAM tene vAsa che. saguNa IzvaranAM mukhya traNa rUpe che. brahmA, viSNu maheza. A dharma Astika dharma che. temAM parama tatvane brahma cA "IzvaranA nAme svikAra karavAmAM Avyo che. vastu brahma brahmA IzvaranI sarjana zaktinuM pratika che. vAstavamAM zabda atha garbhita che. prAcIna trASimunIone jIvana sAdhanA brahmA ane brahma vacce ghaNo moTo vaphAvata che. brahmAne prajA daramyAna eka ati vizALa, sarva vyApaka ane zAzvata evI pati paNa kahe che. sRSTimAM jayAM jayAM sarjanakriyA thatI hoya AdhyAtmika zaktine anubhava thaye vizALatA mATe saMskRtamAM che tyAM tyAM brahmAnAM darzana thAya che. eka mahAna deva hova tUta zabdane pravega karavAmAM Ave che. vAta parathI kahyuM chatAM anya devenI tulanAmAM tenI pUjA ghaNI ja ochI thatI Jain Education Intemational

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602 jovA maLe che. tenAM maMdire paNa samagra bhAratamAM mAtra e traNa ja che, jemAMnuM eka maMdira rAjasthAnamAM ajamera najIka puSkararAjamAM Avelu che. vastutaH tenI pujA brahmA, viSNu ane mahezanI trimUrtinA eka deva tarIke ja thAya che. purANu graMtheAmAM A devanI aneka kathAe Ave che. viSNu vizva ne rakSaka, pAlaka ane paSika deva che vizva nA vikAzanA te AdhAra che. vizvatA vikAzamAM jayAre jayAre avarodha utpanna thAya che tyAre tyAre kALa tathA paristhitine anurUpa vividha rUpe! dhAraNa karI tene dura kare che. gItAmAM bhagavAna zrIkRSNanA mukhe kahevAyu che tema; yadA yadA hi dharmasya glAnirbhavati bhArata / abhyutthAnam dharmasya tadAtmAnaM sRjAmyaham / / huM bhArata ! jayAre jayAre dharmanA nAza ane adhamanI vRddhi thAya che tyAre tyAre huM mArI jAtane pragaTa karU chuM, Ama sRSTinu rakSaNa ane vikAza karavA mATe viSNu vibhinna rUpe avatare che. hindudhama mAM tenA daza avatAro varNavyA che - matsyAvatAra, karma, varADu, narasiMha, vAmana, parazurAma, rAma, kRSNa, yudhdha ane kalki bai NavA tenA A jUdA jUdAM rUpAtu pujana kare che. viSNu vaiSNuvasa MpradAyane ArAdhya deva hovA chatAM tenI viSNu rUpe pUjA ghaNA ja alpa pramANamAM karAya che. vAstavamAM te avatAra rUpe vadhu pujAya che ane temAMya khAsa karIne rAma ane kRSNarUpe vadhAre pujAya che jo ke temAM paNa eka ja avatAranI jUdI jUdI avasthAenI pUjAvidhi paNa jovA maLe che. uparokta mukhya traNa rUpA uparAMta izvaranAM bIjA aneka rUpAne jUdA jUdA devA tarIke hindudharmAMmAM svikAra karavAmAM AvyA che. vedamAM AvA aneka devAnAM stotrA jovA maLe che. aDhIti, vizvakarmA, prajApati, hiraNyagarbha, tvaSTA, ghauSa, agni, varUNa, mitra, Indra, savitA, pUSA, sUrya, azvinau, yama, rUdra, marUta, vAta, parjanya, uSA, vAtAspati, kSatrapati, brAhmaNaspati, sA, zrI ApaH sarasvati, gaMgA, ilA, bhAratI ityAdi aneka devAnA ullekha RgvedamAM jovA maLe che. A tamAma devAnA koi nizcita kArya pradeza hAya eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 che jenuM sa'rakSaNa karavAnI temaja vikAzanI javAbadArI je te devanI che. 2 TanA rakSaNa ane vikAsamAM madada karavI temanI pharaja che. je koI tenI madada mAge che tenI vAre te jAya che paraMtu madada mAganAre paNa ceAgyatA keLavavI paDe che. izvaranuM trIjA' samudguNa rUpa 'ziva' 'rUdra' yA 'maheza' tarIke oLakhAya che, te su STanI sahAraka sRSTi che. vizvamAM jayAM jayAM vinAza thAya che tyAM tyAM ziva' zakitanAM dazana thAya che: te vinAzaka heAvA chatAM kalyANakArI deva tarIke pujAya che, kAraNa ke tenA saMhAranI pravRttinuM lakSya vinAza nathI, paraMtu vikAza che. te vinAza karavA mATe ja vinAza karatA jainadharma nI Izvara viSayaka mAnyatA badhA dharmAM karatAM nathI, paraMtu vikAsa mATe vinAza kare che. tenA vinAza vikAkaMika jUdA ja prakAranI che jainadhama jIva ane ajIva nAmanAM zanuM ja niSedhAtmaka rUpa che. ane AthI ja te kalyANakArI anaMta ane anAdi tattvAnA svikAra kare che. A cetana ane deva tarIke pUjAya che. jaDa tattvAno koI sarjaka nathI. samagra vizva ane tenA padArtho A e tattvAnA sayeAjananu pariNAma che ane jo Ama ja hoya to sRSTinA sarjana ane vinAza mATe izvaranA astitvane svikAra karavAnI koI AvazyakatA 2 tI nathI Ama jainadhama izvaranA astivane Avazyaka lekhanA nathI. A mATenI tenI dalIlone TuMkamAM nIce mujaba rajU karI zakAya. Jain Education Intemational RgvedamAM varNavela vividha devA prakRtinAM vibhinna tatvone pragaTa kare che AthI keTalAka vicArako vaDhakAlina hi du dharmane prakRti pUjaka tathA bahudevavAhI dha' tarIke oLakhAve che. paraMtu A mAnyatA bhUlabharelI che. vAstavamAM brahma ja prakRti tathA tenAM vibhigni rUpAmAM pragaTa thayelA che, AthI prakRtinA eka tatva rUpe pujAte deva brahmanu ja eka rUpa che. RgvedamAM jyAre sUryanI pukhta thAya tyAre te prakRtinu che. eka aMga na rahetAM parama prakAzamAna paramAtmAnu' pratika banI jAya che. e ja rIte anya devezanu paNa che. A dhI hindudharmane prakRti pUjaka kahevA ucita nathI. uparAMta tene bahudevavAdI paNa kahI zakAya nahiM. hindudharmamAM bAhyarupe dekhAtI vibhinnatAmAM apUrva ekatA rahelI che. svaya RgvemAM ja kahevAmAM Avyu che ke: dolA viprA: vahu~ dhA yati' eTale ke satU tatva mAtra eka ja che paraMtu vidvAne tene bhinna bhi na nAmathI ALakhAve che prephesara mekasamUlara pazu RgvedamAM eka ja paramAtmAnA vicAranuM samarthana kare che. pratyeka vyakti potAnI kakSA ane adhikAra mujaba izvarane samaje che ane te rUpe tenI AradhanA kare che. tenI game te rUpe ArAdhatA karavAmAM Ave paraMtu aMte te eka ja paramAtmAnI AradhanA che. gItAmAM zrIkRSNanA mukhe kahevAyu che tema ce yathAmAma pravate sAratIya mattAntrajhuna eTale ke je mane je rUpe bhaje che te rUpe huM tenI samakSa pragaTa thAuM chuM. Ama hindudhama vAstavamAM ekezvaravAdI dhama tene prakRtipUjaka tathA bahudevavAdI kahevAmAM sUkSma ane sava trAhI STikoNanA abhAva chatA thAya che. jainadhama 1. Izvarane sRSTinA sarjaka tarIke svikArI zakAya zakAya nahiM. jo tene sarjaka tarIke svikAravAmAM Ave te tenAmAM saja kanI icchA nA svikAra karavA paDe. ane jo izvamAM sarjana karavAnI IcchAnA svikAra karIe to te apU

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smRti saMdarbha' graMtha sAbita thAya che paraMtu izvara apUrNa kadApI heAi zake nahi. Ama izvaranuM sarjaka tarIkenuM astitvakA banI jAya che. 2. izvara nItimAna, zubha, dayALu ane karUNA sAgara che. jo AvA uttamaguNAvALA ijavare sRSTinuM sarjana karyuM hAya tenI kRtimAM anIti, duHkha darda tathA aniSTonuM astiva saMbhavI zake janahi paraMtu ApaNe anubhava tenAthI viparIta che. duHkha, darda, anIti tathA AvA asaMkhya aniSTothI sRSTi bharelI che. AthI tene sarjaka izvara hAI zake nahi. A jaimanadhama IzvaranA astitvane asvikAra kare che. tenA mata mujaba karmAMnA sidhdhAMtathI gatimAna A vizvamAM nilepa, parama vitarAgI ane parama kRtathI izvarane sthana hAi zake ja nahi. pratyeka jIva peAtAnA karmone kAraNe ja sukha yA duHkha prApta kare che, karmone kAraNe ja badhanamAM phasAya che ane ka`thI ja mUkita pAme che, A mATe tene izvaranI kRpAnI koI jarUra utpana thatI nathI. jainadhama izvaranA AsItvanA spaSTa rIte inkAra kare che. tema chatAM A dharma vyaktinA AtmAmAM rahelI divya tAmA vizvAsa avazya dharAve che. jyAre cetana jIva ajIvanA baMdhanathI mUkata thAya che. tyAre divyatA prApta kare che. ana ta jJAna, ana`tavIya ane anata zradhdhA e jIvanA svAbhAvika guNA . mekSAvasthAmAM A traNe guNenI punaH prApti thAya che. AvA divya AtmAe tIrthaMkara yA adbhuta nAme oLakhAya che. saiddhAntika rIte jaina dharma nIrizrvaravAdI bhale hAya para'tu vyAvahArika rIte tene nIrivaravAdI kahevA ucita nathI jainadharmAMnA tIrthaMkarA tathA arhAe izvaranuM sthAna lIdhu che. ema kahevAmAM koi atizayeAkrita nathI. jaine A divya AtmAonI bhakitabhAvathI pUjA ArAdhanA kare che. temanA matAnusAra IvaranI upAsanAthI citta-zuddhi thAya che. rAga deza sarvAM duHkhAnuM mULa che, temAMthI mUkta thavA rAgadveSa hita paramAtmAnuM avalaMbana jarUrI che. paramAtmA paramazAtimaya ane vitarAgI che, tenuM smaraNa karavAthI AtmAmAM zAMti ane vitarAga dharma ne saMcAra thAya che; je dharmanA sthApaka mahAvIra svAmI mUrti pUjAnA prakhara virodhI hatA paraMtu anya dharmoMmAM bane che tema A dhamAM pazu kALakrame tenA mULabhuta siddhAMtAmAM parivartana AvyuM. hindudharma nI gADha asara tenA bAhuyAcAra para paDI piraNAme mUrti pUjAnA viredha karanAra svayaM mahAvIra svAmInI ja bha ya mUrtio sthApita karavAmAM AvI ane tenI puvidhI zarU karI. A uparAMta anya tithakaronI paNa mUrti e banAvI vividha rIte pujAvidhI zarU thai. hAla jainadhamanA Jain Education Intemational 3 aneka vizALa maMdire astitva dharAve che. Ama jainadharmane puSTuta; nirIzvaranAdI kahI zakAya nahi. audhdha dha i. sa. pUrve chaThThI sadImAM mahAtmA gauttama buddha dvArA sthapAyelA bauddhadhama paNa jainadhamanI mAphaka izvaranA asti tvanA svikAra karatA nathI. budhdhatuM daza na mATA bhAge vyavahAra lakSI hatuM, AthI IzvaranA asvitva temaja rUpa viSayaka vicAra ke pramANu prastuta karavAmAM mAnatA nahAtA. temaNe anubhavyu` ke AtmA ane paramAtmAnI saMkalpanAoe vi vamAM aneka anarthAM utpanna karyAM che AthI tene svikAra karI tenI carcA karavA sarvathA nika che, baudhdha dharmAMmAM pratitya samutyadanA sidhdhAMta mahivanA che. A sidhdhAMta mujaba pratyeka ghaTanA yA vastu akAraNa khanatI nathI, tenA koi AdhAra yA kAraNu jarUra hAya che. akasmAta kazuM ja anatu nathI, bIjA zabdomAM kahIe te zUnyamAMthI sarjana thaI zakatuM nathI. kei paNa vastunuM astitva tenI pUrvAvasthA para AdhArita che. A niyamane pratitya samuhvAda kahe che. dharma anusAra samagra vizva pratitva samutpAdanA sidhdhAMtane anusare che. ane jo tema ja hAya tA pachI sRSTinA atibhautika sarjaka tarIke IvaranI sattAnA svikAra karavAnI koI AvazyakatA rahetI nathI. A dharma anusAra vizvanA padArthonI vibhinnatAna kAraNa ka`nA sidhdhAMta che, izvara nahiM. pratyeka jIva peAtAnA karma mujaba zubha yA azubhanI prApti kare che. nirvANa prApti paNa kama para ja AdhArita che. avidyA sarva duHkhA nuM kAraNu che ane e ja jIvAtmAnI badhanAvasthA che. emAMthI mukta thavu hoya te tenA kAraNa rUpI avidyAne dUra karo, Ape|Apa nirvANa prApta thai jaze. A mATe budhdhe Aya. aSTAMgika mAnuM anusaraNa karavAnA ApyA che. Ama nirvANa prApti mATe paNa izvaratuM avalaMbana anAvazyaka banI jAya che. ahiyAM baudhama nI viravAdI hovAnuM pratita thAya che te phalita thaze ke dhama ne paNa pRta : nIravaravAdI paraMtu tenI A saMkalpanAnuM sUkSma vizleSaNa karIzu kahevA ucita nathI. jo ke budhdhe IzvaranAM astitva ke tenA rUpa viSayaka koI nirNAyaka vicAra rajU karyAM nathI. vAstavamAM temane jayAre jyAre IzvaranA astitva tathA rUpa viSayaka prazno pUchavAmAM AvyA tyAre jyAre hu MmezAM mauna ja senyu che, AthI keTalAka vicArako tene anIvaravAdI kahevA prerAya te bbhAvika che. paraMtu maunanu AvuM aghaTana AyeAgya maunanA artha asvikAra karI zakAya nahiM. mArA mata mujaba e maunamAM ja IzvaranA rUpanuM samagra varNana samAI jAya che. hindu dharmamAM paNa IzvaranA guNeAnuM varNana karatAM che.

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 karatAM chevaTe maunane ja temanuM sarvazreSTha varNana svikAryuM che mAtra ucca kakSAnA sAdhake ja prApta karI zake, sAmAnya Ivara eka evI mahAna sattA che ke je mana, vANI ane vyakti mATe te nirbodha che AthI tenA avalaMbana mATe saguNa karmathI para che, te aniva caniya che AthI mauna e tathA sAkAra IzvaranI AvazyakatA utpanna thAya che. Ama ja tenuM sarvazreSTha varNana che. buddha ghaNAja vyavahArUM mahAtmA temAM nigu NanI sAthe sAthe saguNa rUpane svikAra thayuM che. hatA AthI tatkAlina saMtapta mAnavajIvanamAM IkavaraviSayaka nirarthaka carcA karavAnI AvazyakatA na jaNAI hoya te svA jaya dharmagraMthamAM IzvaranuM suMdara varNana ApavAmAM bhAvika che ane ethI ja Izvara bAbatamAM mauna dhAraNa karyuM AvyuM che. IzvaranA guNo apAra ane amApa che. te pratyeka hoya. Ama monanuM niSedhAtmaka ra thaghaTana karI bauddhadharmane manuSyane tenA karma anusAra nyAya Ape che. puNyazALIne nirIzvaravAdI gaNu ucita nathI. uccapada Ape che tathA pApIne mAphI bakSe che tenI tamAma gati tathA guNo amUlya che jenuM varNana thaI zake tema nathI. vAstavamAM bauddha ane jaina dharmanA astitvanuM kAraNa te eTalA anaMta tathA ahima guNo dharAve che ke vANI dvArA tatkAlina hi dharmamAM utpana thayelAM duSaNe che. A dhama tene pragaTa karI zakAya nahiM. te anirvacaniya che. A varNana sudhAravAdI dharma che tene zUcavelA sudhArAo hindudharma svi- hindudharmanI Izvara viyaka saMkalapanA sAthe ghaNuM badhuM maLatuM kAryA che eTaluM ja nahiM AtmasAta paNa karyA che ane AthI Ave che te sRSTinI sarvottama tathA sarvocya zakti che. japaja bhAratamAM utpanna thayela A dharmanuM astitva bhAratamAM jImAM kahevAmAM AvyuM che tema " a fha jhA thA; ja rahyuM nathI. hindudharmA pra vAvane kAraNe bauddhadharmamAM paNa dure 35ri kuvA nA che eTale ke te moTo sAheba che, tenuM mUrtipUjAne svikAra thaye. ane tenA sthApakanI ja mUrtAi o bahu uMcu sthAna che paraMtu enAthI ye vadhAre ucuM tenuM nAma banAvI vividha rUpe pUjAvidhi thavA lAgI atyAre paNa buddhane che. enI moTAI apAra che e keTale meTo che te e pote IzvararUpe zAnI tenI vividha rIte pUjAvidhi thatI jovA maLe ja jANe che. che. sAdhaka nirvANa prApti mATe tenA zaraNe jAya che pura 4ra jachani uccAraNamAM spaSTa tarI Ave che. japanI 27 mI pauDI mAM IzvaranA darabAranuM varNana thayela che. Izvara eka vizALa darabAramAM beThA che ane tyAM baddhadharma nirvANane mAnavajIvananuM aMtima lakSya samagra vizvanI dekhabhALa rAkhe che. vividha prakAranAM vAjI mAnavAmAM Ave che. AryaaSTAMgika mArganA anusaraNuthI ane asaMkhya prakAranA nAda tyAM gujI rahyA che. vAyu, agni; nirvANa prApti thAya che. nirvANu bAda manuSyane du:kho ke jala e badhAM tenA darabAramAM besI vividha rAga gAI rahyAM punarjanma sparzI zakatAM nathI, te eka parama AnaMdanI avasthA che Ama saguNa rUpanuM varNana paNa thayeluM che. che. gItAmAM jene "brahmasthitinI A sthA kahe che te ja A nirvANunI avasthA che. A varNa na I kavaranI sthitine zIkhadharma pUrNataH ekezvaravAdI dharma che. tenA mata maLatuM Ave che. Ama bIddhadharmane pUrNataH nirIzvaravAdI mAnI mujaba ivara niraMtara, satyasvarUpa tathA eka chee ja zakAya nahi. tAtvaka rIte te bhale nirIkavaravAdI hoya paraMtu ekamAtra satyasvAmI che, satya tene mahimA che. te bhUtakALamAM vyAvahArika rIte te ivaralAdI che ema avazya kahI zakAya hata, vartamAnakALamAM che ane bhaviSyakALamAM paNa haze. bIjA zabdomAM kahIe to e te te kayAreya jamyo nathI ane zIkhadharma je jamyA ja na hoya te mRtyu zenuM hoya? te ajanma eziyAnA dharmomAM A dharmane sauthI vadhu arvAcina che, amara che, sarvavara che tathA bAdazAhono paNa bAdazAha che. gaNAvI zakAya. hindudharma ane islAma vacce ekatA sthApavAnA prayAsanuM te pariNAma che. zIkhadharma pUrNata; ekezvara Ama zIkhadharma pUrNata IzvaratAvAdI dharma che. A praNe vAdI dharma che. "japa? teno mukhya dharmagraMtha che. A graMthamAM joI gayA tema tenA nirguNa bane rUpane temAM svikAra karasaMsAranA baMdhanamAMthI mUkata thavA 'harinA nAmano japa kara vAmAM Avyo che. eka ja IzvaramAM paNa traNa tenI vizIvAne Adeza apAya che. TatA che. zIkhadharma anusAra Izvara eka, advitiya, nipurNa, yahudIdhama : nirAkAra, sarvavyApaka, sarvazaktimAna tathA viAvanuM saMcAlaka vizvanA vividha prAcina dharmomAM yahudI dharmanI gaNanA baLa che. te eka ane saMpUrNa zakti che, te kaI deva-devIne thAya che. A dharmanI mAnyatA mujaba ikavare majhIjhane daza rUpe pragaTa thatuM nathI ke avatAre paNa dhAraNa karatA nathI. AjJAo ApI ane yahudI prajA je tenuM pAlana kare te zIkhadharma IzvaranA nirguNa rUpamAM mAnatA hovA chatAM tenA temanI sarva rIte rakSA karavAnuM vacana ApyuM. yahudIo tenuM saguNa rUpane paNa svikAra karavAmAM Avyo che. nirguNa rUpane pAlana karavA sahamata thayA pariNAme ivaranI AjJA anu Jain Education Intenational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 6.5 sAra jIvana jIvavA lAgyA A jIvana praNAlI tenuM ja nAma khristIdhAma yahudI dharma. samagra vizvane AvarI levA dhasamasI rahela khristI IkavaranI AjJAo "jAnA karAra" nAmanA dharmagraMthamAM dharmanI sthApanA mahAtmA khrista karI hatI prema sahakAritA. jovA maLe che. A graMthanAM prAraMbhamAM jagatanI utpatti, svataMtratA ane mAnavasevAnA mahAna AzAnA bheTa A dharme yahudI dharmanI vividha vidhIo vigerenuM varNana che jyAre tenA vizvane ApI che. yahudI dharmamAM jyAre aMdhazraddhAe praveza aMta bhAgamAM IzvaranI bhaktinuM mahatva varNavyuM che. yahadI kayo tyAre tene pratikAra rUpe A dhama utpanna thaye hate. dharmanA kendramAM 6 : 2 parAyaNatA rahelI che. vAstavamAM dharma khristI dharma paNa pUrNa IzvaravAdI dharma che. vataH e jIvana jIvavAnI eka praNAlI che, je vividha draSTie ? - tenI Izvara viSayaka mAnyatAnuM mULa yahudI dharmanI Izvara dvArA nirmita thatI hoya daM, yahudI dharma A rIte nimita bhAvanA ja che, chatAM paramakRpALu paramAtmAnI udAtta kalpanA thayela dharma nathI tenI jIvana praNAlI keI vyakti dvArA nahi e IzunI maulikatA ane divya anubhUtinI upaja che. paraMtu khuda Izvara dvArA ja nirmita thayela che. Izvare ApelAM temaNe Izvarane sAkSAtkAra karyo hato ane tenA sAnidhyamAM pharamAne temanI jIvana prANI che. Ama yahUdI jAtinA rahIne ja jIvananAM sarva kAryo hatAM. kendramAM Ikavara rahe che. yahudIo mAne che ke samagra vizvamAM mAtra teo ja ivaranI mAnI prajA che ane temanA dvArA khristI dharmamAM IzvaranuM varNana aneka vizeSaNothI ja ivara jagatamAM satyanI sthApanA karaze. karavAmAM AvyuM che tenA mata mujaba Izvara nivikAra, saverI, sarvazakita mAna, amara, paramapavitra, satyarUpa, nyAyazIla, A dharma eka ja IkavaramAM zraddhA dharAve che. grI karUNAmaya ane premasvarUpa che. Izvara keI phera nyAyAdhisa jhane maLavA ikavarIya saMdezamAM spaSTa kahevAyuM che ke "mArA nathI, te te pitA samAna dayALu ane premALa che, te vizvane sivAya bIjA devane mAnIza nA DuM " hudI dharma mujaba premALa pitA che. Ijharane paramapitA kahI jagatane eka suMdara Izvara eka ja che ane te che. sarvazreSTha deva che. te eTalA vAtsalyamaya, premALapitAnI saMkalapanA A dhame ApI che mahAna che ke tenuM pUrNajJAna kadApI prApta thaI zakatuM nathI. khuda mejhIjha paNa ivaranuM mukha joI zakyA nathI temaNe te tenA mata mujaba A premALa parama pitA I.2 kAMI sAta phakta IkavaranI pUTha ja joI che. yahudI dharmanA e kekavaravAdanI mAM pAtALe rahetA nathI, e to pratyeka manuSyanA hadayamAM vasele asara khristI ane islAma dharma para paDI che. jo ke prAraMbha che. Ikavara nirAkAra ane jatirmaya che chatAM tenA traNa mAM yahudIo jUdA jUdA prAkRta tathA 2 pAkRta aneka devenI rUpane svikAra karAyo che. (1) pitA rUpe ivara, (2) putra pUjA karatA hatA. rAhadamamAM ikara jevA nAme rUpe Izu ane (3) pratyeka manuSyanA hRdayamAM vasele pavitra oLakhavAmAM Ave che. prAraMbhamAM A zabda 'caMha' mATe AtmAM. Ama khristI dharmamAM ikavaranAM traNa rUpa svikarAyAM vaparAtA ane tene deva mAnI pUrI thatI, paraMtu kALakrame che paraMtu e traNe rUpe vacce kai tAttvika bheda rahele nathI. e badhA devAne badala eka ja devanI pujA thavA lAgI. Ama yahudI dharma ekekavaravAdI che. A dharma izvarane prema, dayA ane karUNa jevA uttama guNathI AbhUSita karyo che. ane AthI ja te pRthvI para A dhama mUrtipUjAne virodhI che. Izvare mejhIjhane prabhunA rAjayanI sthApanAne vicAra rajU kare che. jagatanA Apela AdezamAM jaNAvAyuM che ke dhAtu, patthara athavA sthULa tatvanA vikAzathI prabhunA rAjyanI sthApanA thaI zake bIjA koI paNa padArthanI keipaNa svarUpanI mUti banAvavI nahi. sthaLa jIvananA AdhAramAM pavitra sUkSa jIvana raheluM che. nahi ane tevI mUrti AgaLa namavuM nahiM." Ama chatAM je hRdayamAM pratibiMbita thAya che. AthI jya re vikavana tene pUrNataH mUti pUjA virodhI dharma mAnI zakAya nahiM. pratyeka manulya verabhAvano tyAga karI, dayA, prema ane pramAnI yahudIonI mAnyatA mujaba Ivara temane badhI ja pravRtti bhAvanAne kendramAM rAkhI jIvana jIvaze tyAre pRthvI para prabhunuM emAM madada kare che. teo jyAre yuddhamAM jatA tyAre Izvara rAjya ApA cApa sthapAI jaze. Izu khite tene thApanA nA pratikane yuddhaTukaDIne mokhare rAkhatA. A pratika eka mATe be zarato rajU karI che (1) pavitra hadayathI pitAnI prakAra che mUrti ja che. uparAMta yahudIo ketana prAMta jItI laI bhUlene svikAra karI prAyavita karavuM ane (2) prabhunA rAya jyAre tyAM vasavA lAgyA tyAre temanA para thayelA sthAnika mAM aDaga zraddhA dharAvavI. vAratavamAM prabhunuM rAjaya e dharmanI asarane kAraNe teo paNa mUrtipUjA karavA lAgyA, pavitra ane nirmaLa hRdayanuM rAjya che. je samAjamAM sarvatra jenuM pramANa itihAsa Ape che. Ama yahudI dharmane mUrti prema, sevA, kSamA, dayA, namratA ItyAdi saguNa pravarte che pUjaka jarUra mAnI zakAya. tyAM prabhunuM rAjaya sthapAya che. prabhunuM rAjaya e pavitratA Jain Education Interational For Private & Personal use only

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 ane premanuM rAjya che. jayAre hada prema ane pavitratA deva devI o tarIke je pUjAvidhi thAya che te ahiyA jevA samagra mAnavajAtane AvarI leze tyAre pratyekatA hRdayamAM prabhu maLatI nathI. eka ja alAhamAM zradhdhA dharmane pAme che. pragaTa thaze A ja prabhunuM rAjaya che. kurAnamAM ivaranA guNonuM suMdara varNana thayeluM che. khristI dharmanI Izvara viSayaka kalapanA yahudI dharma A varNana mujaba alAha sarvajJa, sarvadraSTA sarvazretA, karatAM kAMIka judI ja che. yahudI dharmamAM Ikavarane eka kaDaka samartha vijetA, eka advitIya, vera vALanAra, sarvasatAdhIza nyAyAdhiza ane rAjA tarIke ka9pavAmAM Avyo che eTale ke vinAzaka, piSaka, dayALu, nyAyI, kRpAsAgara tathA kSamA Apate manuSyanA zubha yA azubha karmo mujaba cUsta rIte nyAya nAra viravane eka ane ajeya bAdazAha che. te dRzya mANaApe che, tyAM kSamAne keI sthAna nathI. khristI dharmanI kalpanA sene zikSA ane pUNya zALIone zubha phaLa Ape che. je kAMIka viziSTa prakAranI che. tenA matAnusAra Izvara premALa alAhane zaraNe jAya che tene kSamA maLe che. paramapitA che. pApI e ja pavitra hRdayathI pApanuM prAyavita alAhanA guNonuM je varNana kurAnamAM thayuM che te kare te ivara tene jarUra kSamA bakSe che. izunA giriprava camAM paNa kahevAyuM che ke "je sAcA hadayathI prAyazcita kare parathI spaSTa thAya che ke A dharma izvaranA saguNa temaja sAkAra rUponuM samarthana kare che. AthI temAM mUrtipUjAne che te dhanya che kAraNa ke paramAtmA tene kSamA kare che... Ama avakAza jarura che. paraMtu vAstavamAM tema nathI. mUrti pUjAno khristI dharmanI Ikavara viSayaka kapanA sarva dharmo karatAM kAMIka IslAma dharmamAM spaSTa rIte niSedha karavAmAM Avyo che. viziSTa prakAranI che. allAha te sarvavyApI che. te kaI eka padArtha ke mUrtimAM islAma dharma, ja rahI zake nahiM AthI tenI murti sthApita karI pUjA karI e havAdaLa ajJAnatA che. ane AthI ja masjidamAM alakApazcima eziyAnA arabastAnamAM utpatI thayela IslAma hanI keIpaNa rU5nI mUti yA citrane sthAna ApavAmAM dharmanI sthApanA hijarata mahaMmada payagaMbara dvArA thai hatI. AvatuM nathI. Ama A dharmane pUrNata murtipUjA virodhI * islAma' zabdano artha "jagatanA bAdazADa paramezvaranA dharma kahI zakAya. jo ke muplime jyAre maka haja mATe zaraNe javuM " evo thAya che. " para mAtamAM eka ja che ane jAya che. tyAre " kAbA' nAmanA eka pattharanAM darzana avamanaSya mAtra samAna che" AvuM saraLa chatAM amUlya satya zya kare che. A pattharanAM darzana eka pratikanAM darzana ja che. A dharme vizva samakSa rajU karyuM che. ahiMyA teno koI nizcita AkAra nakakI karavAmAM Avato A dharmamAM Ikavara ne "khudA" alalAha" nAme nathI tema chatAM te zraddhAnuM avalaMbana jarUrI bane che. A oLakhavAmAM Ave che. tenA anuyAyI enI mAnyatA mujaba pratyakSa yA parokSa rUpe thatI mUrti pU ja che AthI tene allAha jagatane eka mAtra udAra, samRddha ane ajeya u9 1 bhUtapujA vi e pata mUrtipujA viredhaka dhama kahI zakAya ke nahiM te vicAbAdazAha che. alAha jyAre pitAne saMdeza vizvane pahoMcADavA raNA mAgI le che. mAge che tyAre pitAnA koI eka zreSTha bhakatane tenA jarathostI dharma saMdezavAhaka tarIke prasaMda kare che je "payagaMbara" "rasula" yA nabI" kahevAya che. A dharmanI mAnyatA mujaba khudAe IrAnanA mahAna payagaMbara aSe jarathuSTa dvArA thApina atyAra sudhI caNA payagaMbare mokalyA jemAM hajarata mahamada dhama jarAsatI dharma kahevAya che. A dharma pArasI dharma tarIke payagaMbara sauthI vadhu mahatvanA ane chellA payagaMbara che. paNa oLakhAya che "pravezatA' tene mukhya dharma graMtha che jene ava maMtra athavA jJAna thAya che. kAlAntare tenApara verU' islAma dharma cUsta ekekavara vAdI dharma che. mahaMmada nAmanI eka gaghAmaka TIkA lakhavAmAM AvI A bane bhAgo sAhebe Apela pAMca pratijJAomAM kahevAyuM che ke "alAha ekIsAthe ane sattA" tarIke oLakhAya che. A graMthe eka ja che jethI badhA eka ja IkavaramAM zradhdhA dharAvaze ane hindudharmanA veda ne maLatA Ave che. De. hoga nAmano baMdagI karaze. " allAha kazAmAMthI utpanna thayela nathI vicAraka A bane graMthanI samAnatA aMge kahe che ke ". veda temaja tenI aMdarathI kazuM ja utpanna thatu nathI, te eka che, ane averatA saMpUrNa rIte samAna bhale na hoya paraMtu saMskRta aditiya che kurAnanI eka AyatamAM kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke ne jANakAra vyakti asatAnuM saraLa rIte paThana jarUra karI "jene rahamAna tathA rahIma kahevAmAM Ave che te alAha zake che' dharmamAM samAna prakAranA devanA nAmano ullekha eka ja che ane tenA para badhuM AdhArita che. te kadApi thayelo che. sUrya mATe vedamAM "mitra' zabdano praye ga thayela che janmate nathI tathA tenI samAna paNa keI nathI, te pite jyAre avestAmAM tene "mitra' nAmathI ulekha thayela che veda ja pitAnI upamA che." Ama IslAma pUrNataH ekezvaravAdI mAM sona' ane avestAmAM hai' zabdo eka viziSTha prakAra dhamamamAM IzvaranA vibhinna rUpa tathA zakitaonI jUdA jUdA nA peTA padArtha mATe vAparavAmAM AvyA che. vedamAM jene 'Ama Jain Education Interational

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rI para dhana rAsana karavA vane phelAve aMdha smRti saMdarbha 6 07 kahevAya che tene ja avestAmAM "thi' kahe che. vedamAM je cha deva tarIke pujAvidhi thAya che. jarathostI dharmanA graMthamAM zakitano vi' yA "jJavaM' nAmathI ulalekha thayele che tene A cha detuM varNana thayuM che je TUMkamAM nIce mujaba darzAvI mATe avestA "' zabdano prayoga kahe che A parathI zakAya. spaSTa thAya che ke hiMdu dharma ane jarastI dharmamAM keTalIka mULabhUta ekatA jarUra rahelI che. 1 no : arthAt suMdara mana, sudara vicAra ane suMdara kArya. te prema pavitratA ane sajajanatAne adhiSThatA jaranI dharma paNa hindudharmanI mAphaka ekaledharavAdI deva che. vizvanAM badhAM ja zubhakAryo tenA dvArA thAya che. dharma che. vizvanA mULa AdhAramAM rahelA sarvazaktimAna, sarvadI, sarva zreSTha ane maMgalamaya paramAtmAne teo 2 agphata A vivanI niyAmaka zakti che. te sAra" nAmathI oLakhAve che aharamajada zabdanA aneka sa - savi pravitratA ane nyAyane adhiSThAtA deva che. vizvamAM artho thAya che yarUra Izvara mana mahAna 3 jJAna. vikaleSaNane vepAra sukha, zAMti ane samRddhinI sthApanA tenA dvArA thAya che. AdhAre teno artha "mahAna savajJa Ikavara' evo thAya che lava variSa: A vizvanI zAzaka zakita che te zahera bIjA athe mujaba kura asura yA cetana jota jaDa varanA nAme paNa oLakhAya che. A zakti vyaktimAM pragaTa denAra, sarjanAra ahiMyA "jaDa ane cetana thAya che tenAmAM pRthavI para zubhakAryo tathA zAsana karavAnuM jagatane sarjaka' evo artha thAya che trIjA artha mujaba . baLa utpanna thAya che. te pRthvI para dhana Azcarya ane astitva yA jIvana 32 ivara, mana mahAne ane denA2 prabhutva zakitane phelAvo kare che. sarjaka arthAt "jIvananuM sarjana karanAra mahAna IkavarI e artha thAya che. 4 ghera Ara ati A bhakita dhArmikatA ane pavi tratA pradAna karanArI zakita che. te athe pavitra sadabuddhi A dharma mujaba ahuramajhada vikanI sarjaka ane pAlaka paNa tha ya che. "navata" saMskAra samaye pArasIo A zakita che. gAthAmAM lakhyuM che ke -"jAvAgora vAre magrite eTale ke kevaLa ahuramajhada ja ekamAtra upAya deva che. * ' zaktinI pujA kare che. te satya, prakAza ane pavitratAnI caramasImAM che. avestAnA 5 lAvartAta: vizvamAM pUrNatA, Arogya ane sukhano prathama maMtranI prArthanAmAM tenuM suMdara varNana thayuM che. AvaNuna phelAvo karanArI A zakti che. vahetA nirmaLa pANI nI te mujaba ahuramajhada jagatane sarjaka tejomaya, savajJa, sarvazakita adhiSThAtA che. mAna sarvottama mitra saya nyAya ane suvicArane rakSaka paropakArI, udAra tathA sarvasuMdara AtmAvALe che. 5 anattAta : Ano artha amaratA thAya che. te vanaspatinI adhiSThAtA zakita che. aharamajhadanI mukhya be zakitao che. (1) spenDama Inyu upara darzAvela tamAma aharamajhadanI mukhya zakita e ane (2) agramaInyu yA addhimAna prathama IzvaranI zubhazakita che. A uparAMta tenI keTalIka la TU zakitao paNa che jene che. jyAre bIjI azubha zakita che; samagra vizvanuM saja na yAta" eTale ke yajana karavA lAyaka zakitao kahevAya che. rakSaNa ane vikAnuM kArya zabhazakita dvArA thAya che. jyAre A zakitae nIce mujaba che. tenA vikAsanuM kArya azubha zakita dvArA thAya che. A baMnene zakitao ghaNI ja baLavAna che samagra vizava A banane zakita 1 sAvara : taMdurastI yA svAthyanI zakita. enA saMgharSanuM pariNAma che. A saMgharSamAM bane zakitaone 2 mAvA : saundaryanI zakita. keTalIya sahAyaka zakitao madada kare che. sarpa apsarAo vyabhicAranI devIo, jAdunA rAkSasa ItyAdi agramanyunI 3 4 : sUrya yA ati prakAzamAna zakita sahAyaka zakitao. kAma kadha, bha, meha mada, mAtsaryA sudhA, tRSA, asatya duSkALa ityAdi tenAM sAdhana che. ahura- 4 mAdu : caMdra yA komaLa zakita. majhada A saMgharSamAM haMmezA pendrabhAI nyune ja pakSa letA 5 mera : vanaspatinI adhiSThAtA zakita. hoya che AthI aMtima vijaya teno ja thAya che. 6 4trakopa : pavitra jIvana jIvatAM aharamajhadano sAkSAA be zakitao uparAMta ahuramajhadanAM keTalAMya bIjA kAra thAya che ane tene avAja paNa saMbhaLAya che. A anAja rUpe no svikAra paNa A dharmamAM karavAmAM Avyo che. AvAM ; 'ratra " kahevAya che. bIjA mukhya cha rUpo che je ameSAspandra yA pavitra che amara zakitao tarIke oLakhAya che. A cha sAkAra rUponI 7 raha7 : satya ane nyAyanI zakti. Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA A bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 8 verAna : zubhanuM anusaraNa karanAra ne vijaya tathA kenphayuzyasa pama azubhanuM AcaraNa karanArane parAjaya yA zikSA ApanAra zakita. cInanI saMskRtinuM ghaDatara karanAra tathA tene eka nakkara 9 titha--tara : varasAdanI adhiSThAtA zakita. bhUmikA pradAna karanAra mahAtmA kanphayuzyasa dvArA sthApita 10 saMrdI : vizvanA pratyeka padArthanuM uttama rUpa thase kaI navA dharmanI sthApanA karI nathI, paraMtu cInamAM dharma kenphayuzyasa dharma kahevAya che. jo ke mahAtmA kenphayupragaga karI je prAcina dharma paraMparAo vidyamAna hatI tenAM tamAma uttama manuSyane uttama mAge laI janAra zakita. tane samanvaya karI tene eka navA ja rUpe samAja samakSa raju karavAnuM kArya temaNe karyuM hatuM. Ama jarathostI dharmamAM ahamajhada uparAMta AvI aneka nAnI-moTI zakita enI pUjAvidhI thAya che. mahAtmA A dharma mukhyatve eka samAja sudhAraka pravRtti che. jarathuSTre paNa ahamajhadanI sAthe sAthe sUrya, caMdra, tArAo, mAnajIvananA uttama guNone kendramAM rAkhI jIvana jIvavAnI agni, vAyu, jaLa, parvata ItyAdi zakita onI upAsanA karavAne praNAli tene sthApI che. mahAtmA. keMnphayuzya Izvara aMge Adeza Apyo che. e badhI zakti e vastuta: eka ja kayAreya tAvika carcA karI nathI. A viSayamAM teo paNa paramatatvanAM judAM judAM rUpa che. jo ke ahuramajhadanI mukhya buddhanI mauna rahyA che. teo haMmezAM kahetA ke. je ApaNe be zakti-svanta maInya ane agrAmaInyu-paraspara virodhI sAMsArika jIvana paNa suyogya rIte jIvI zakatA na hoya te zaktio che. eka zabha che jyAre bIjI azubha zakti che. Izvaramaya AdhyAtmika jIvana jIvavAnuM zakya ja kayAMthI bane ? AthI keTalAka vicArako tene dvaitavAdI dharma tarIke oLakhAve teo paNa buddhanI mAphaka vyavahArU hatA ane AthI ja ivara ne svabhAvika che. viSayaka carcA karavAnuM TALyuM che. A kAraNe tene nIrikavaravAdI dharma mAnavAmAM Ave te svAbhAvika che. paraMtu hindudharmanI mAphaka A dharmamAM paNa vibhinnatAmAM ekatA chupAyelI che. vastutaH spenDamaInyu ane agrama paraMtu A mAnyatA svikArI zakAya nahiM. buddhanI Inyu bane samAna ta nathI. viAvanuM mULatatva eka mAtra mAphaka ahiyAM paNa manane artha niSedhAtmaka tAravI zakAya ahuramajhada ja che, jemAM tamAma zubhatono samAveza thaI nahi. mahAtmA kaeNnphayuse ivarano kadApi I-kAra karyo nathI jAya che. ameSAspanda ahamajhadanI ja pavitra che zakitao vastutaH temane samayamAM cInanI rAjakiya, sAmAjIka, naitika che. vAstavamAM amezAspanka, spenImaInyu ane ahamajhada ane dhArmika paristhiti ja evI hatI ke jemAM Izvara maLI Izvara thAya che agramanyu azubha zakita che, paraMtu viSayaka carcA nirarthaka hatI. A paristhiti teo pUrNa rIte te Izvara samAna amara astitva dharAvatI zakita nathI. sabhAna hatA ane tethI ja teoe sadAcAra, prema, kartavyaApaNe joI gayA tema spenDamaInyuM ane agramaInya vacce parAyaNatA ItyAdi udAtta guNo mujaba jIvana jIvavAnI praNAsatata saMgharSa cAlatA ja hoya che, paraMtu A saMgharSamAM lIne sthAna ApyuM che. aMtima vijaya zubha zaktine thAya che ane azubha zakitane parAjya thAya che tathA te naSTa pAme che. Ama amaInyu kanphayuzyasa dharmano tulanAmAM A dhameM sadAcAra nAmanI azubha zakti sanAtana nathI, te vinAza makya che mULa AdhAra sadAcAra che. vizvanA tamAma dharmonI jeTaluM e spaSTa thAya che. AthI tene dvaitavAdI dharma kahe mahatva ApyuM che teTaluM mahatva anya koI dharme AvyuM ucita nathI mahAmAM konphayuzyasa hamezAM kahetA ke pratyeka vyaktimAM nathI. aucitya, saraLatA, saduvRtti, AdarabhAva ItyAdi uttama guNa eka ja IkavaramAM zraddhA jarastI dharmanuM sAratatva hovA joIe. A guNo sadAcAranA paSika che. ahiMyAM sadA che. mahAtmA jaratha paNa haMmezAM ekezvaravAdane ja pracAra cAranI pravRtti koI bhaya thA bAhya paribaLone kAraNe u panna karyo che. gAthAmAM bahudevavAdanI spaSTa niMdA karavAmAM AvI thatI nathI. mahAtmA kenphayuzyasa kahe che tema bhaya ke dabANathI che. jo ke mahAtmA jarathuSTranA mRtyu bAda ekezvaravAdanI utpanna thato sadAcAra vAstavamAM sAce sadAcAra nathI sadAbhAvanA bahu lAMbo samaya TakI zakI nahiM. ahuramajhadanI cAranuM mULa to mAnavaaMtaH kAraNa che. tene prAdurbhAva aMtavibhinna zakitaonI vividha devathadevI tarIke pujAvidhi rAtmAnI uMDI guphAmAMthI tho joIe. A prakArane sadAcAra zarU thaI, paraMtu jema hindudharmanI bAhya vibhinnatAmAM ektA AtmAnI abhivyakti che, je manuSyane kalyANamaya mAge laI rahelI che tema A dharmamAM paNa mULabhUta ekatA jarUra rahetI jAya che. sadAcAranuM A uttamarUpa AdhyAtmika zakitane pragaTa che AthI tene bahudevavAdI ke tavAdI dharma mAnava ucita kare che, AthI sadAcArane IvanA sthAne mUkavAmAM kaI nathI. atizayokita nathI. Jain Education Intemational ucation Intermational For Private & Personal use only

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graMtha smRti saMdarbha A uparAMta temAM "zAMtI" nAmanA eka tatvane parAyaNatA ane nirAbhimAnIpaNuM e 'tAo'nA sAkSAtkAranA Izvara rUpe vikAra paNa karavAmAM Avyo che. phekyuzyasa mAge laI janAra sAdhana che, A "tAo" tattva hindudharmanA dharmanA keTalAka arvA cina graMthamAM "zAztI" zabdanuM bhASAMtara brahmatattvane maLatuM Ave che. Izvara" zabda dvArA thayuM che. "zAMtI " svarga ane AkAzano 'tAo' tatva guDha ane rahasyamaya hovAthI A dharmanI adhiSThAtA deva che, vizvanI te AdhAra zakita che. tenI pUjA vidhio paNa rahasyamaya hAya te svAbhAvika che. A rahasya mATe pekiMga zaheranI dakSiNe eka bhavya maMdira bAMdhavAmAM mAtra uttama kakSAnA sAdhako ja pAmI zake che, sAmAnya AvyuM che. cInane samrATa varSamAM be vAra pitAnA kuTuMbIjane vyakita mATe te durbodha che. AthI eka samaya e Avyo tathA adhikArIo sAthe saraghasAkAre tyAM jAya che ane tenI ke jemAM te dharmanA AcAryoe pitAnI svArtha siddhi mATe pUjAvidhi kare che. A vidhi hindu dharmanA "dazerA" parvatI tAo "nA rahasyamaya tane potAne anukULa rIte rajU ujavaNIne maLatI Ave che karavA lAgyA tenA nAme aneka camatkAra paNa karavA lAgyA keyuzyasa dharmanA keTalAka prAcina graMthamAM "zAMztI' teo mAnatA ke je vyakti tAone sAkSAtkAra kare che tene uparAMta pRthvI, sUrya, caMdra, parvata, nadIo, tiena, mIga, pattharamAM pesI nikaLavAnuM agnimAMthI pasAra thavAnuM tathA IyAdine deva-devI mAnI pUjA karavAne ullekha thayela che. pANI upara cAlavAnuM sAmarthya prApta thAya che. A mAnyatApikiMganI dakSiNe pRthvI devanuM maMdira AveluM che. pikiMganI oe aMdhazraddhAnuM svarUpa pakaDayuM. pariNAme tAo dharmanI pUrva dizAe sUryadevanuM devaLa AveluM che. vasaMtaRtunA paDatI thaI. Agamana samaye dara varSe tenI pUjA thAya che. e ja rIte Ama tAo dharma IzvaramAM zraddhA dharAvanAra gUDha ane pekiMganI pazcime caMdradevanuM maMdira che. zarada RtunA Agamana rahasyavAdI dharma che. hindudharmAmAM niNuM brahmanI je kalapanA samaye tenI pUjAvidhi thAya che. A uparAMta anya 16 0 karavAmAM AvI che tenI sAthe A "tAo" tatva maLatuM devonI pUjA ullekha paNa thayela che. Ama mahAtmA kanphayu Izvara vizvaka tAtvika carcA bhale na karI hoya, zIte dharma paraMtu vyAvahArika rIte A dharmane IzvaravAdI dharma jarUra zinta e jApAnanI prajAne dharma che. A dharma ghaNuM mAnI zakAya. ja prAcIna samaye eTale ke I. sa. 5 660mAM jApAnamAM tAo udabhavyA hatAM chatAM te ghaNu kALa sudhI jIvIta rahI zake che. e ja hakIkata puravAra kare che ke te anuyAyIonI draSTie tAo paNa cItamAM utpanna thayela dharma che, tenI ghaNe ja nAne dharma hovA chatAM keTalAMka mahAna ane sanAtana sthApanA mahAtmA lAo--drArA thaI hatI. teo mahAtmA mUlya jarUra dharAve che. kanphayuccha, mahAvIra svAmI ane gautama buddhanA samakAlina hatA guDha tatvano upadeza ane AcAranI vizadhi tAo 6 zinta" zabdano artha "devatAI mArga thAya che. dharmanA kendrasthAne che, AthI tenA sidhAMtamAM tAkikatA jovA vAstavamAM zinta zabda mULa cInI bhASAne zabda che. kejIkI na maLe te svAbhAvika che. A dharmane devI mAga tarIke paNa ane nihona A dharmanA mukhya graMtha che jemAM prAcina deva oLakhavAmAM Ave che. devIonA kRtyo, temanI kathAo tathA jApAnanI utpatti aMgenAM varNano jovA maLe che A dharmamAM rAjAne suryadevIne tAo zabdano sAmAnya artha rasto ya mAga thAya vaMzaja mAnavAmAM Ave che. A vaMzaja pRthvI para rAjaya che. kAlakame teno artha zudha sadAcArane mAga evA thaye, karavA avataryA tyArathI tenAM keTalA vaMza thaI gayA tene parata teno sAro artha te paramatatva yAM gUThata evo thAya che itihAsa paNa A bane dharma graMthomAM jovA maLe che. A dharmamAM Izvarane "tAo" nAmathI oLakhavAmAM Ave che. A dharmamAM Izvarane "kamI' nAme oLakhavAmAM Ave izvara (tAo) nirAkAra, sarvavyApaka, nitya, gUDha ane avyakata che. tenAM aneka rUpe che je asaMkhya deva devIo sAmAnya sattA che te samagra vizvane AdhAra hovA chatAM niSkriya che ? vyakitao jevA hoya che. sAmAnya mA nI mAphaka teomAM te mana, vacana ane karmathI para che AthI vANI dvArA tenuM paNa paraspara IrSyA. kaleza, prapaMca vigere durguNo astitvanA varNana thaI zakatuM nathI. te te ApaNe kalpanA karIe tenAthI dharAve che eTaluM ja nahiM je, kaI deva yA devI ayogya karma paNu vadhu vizALa che. te avarNaniya che, anicaniya che. samagra vizvanuM uddabhavasthAna, tenA vikAsanuM mULa kAraNa ane kare te tene "kamI" dvArA sajA paNa maLe che. Ama deva devadevIone mAnava rUpe kalpavAmAM AvyA che. sanuM aMtima dhyeya "tAo che. je sAdhaka sAdhanA dvArA teno sAkSAtkAra kare che te ja tene jANI zake che. "tAone A dhama rAjyanA devI utpattinA sidhdhAMtanuM samarthana sAkSAtkAra mAnavajIvananuM aMtima lakSya che dInatA, nivRtti kare che tenA matAnusAra rAjA devIzaktine patra che. sau prathama Jain Education Intemational

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610 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 rIte karAya che, AthI ja jo sata fast: vALA IjhanagI nAmanA Adyadeva hatA temane asaMkhya saMtAna hatAM pukAre che. Ama judA judA dharmo paramatatvane judA judA nAma jemAM amane su (sUrya devI mukhya che. jApAnanA mikaDanI ane rUpathI svikAra kare che. utpatti A sUryadevImAMthI ja thaI sUryadevoe potAnA putrane samRddha pRthvI para rAjya karavA mokalyA che tevo ullekha . paraMtu A bhi-natA mAtra nAma rUpamAM ja che. tAtvika rIte e badhA ja nAma eka ja paramatatvamAM judAM judAM rUpa ziste dhamanA graMthomAM spaSTa rIte karAya che; Ama A re che. hindudharmanA anveda graMthamAM kahevAmAM AvyuM che tema dharma anusAra mikAo davI pUtra che. ane tenI AjJAthI ja ___eko sat viprAH bahudhA vadanti meTase sata tatva 24 te pRthvI para rAjya kare che. jApAnanI prata paNa tene tathA che paraMtu vidvAne tene bhinna bhinna nAmathI oLakhAve che. tenA vaMzajone A rIte svikAra karI AdarasatkAra kare che. hindudharmanA pavitra graMtha gItAmAM zrIkRSNanA mukhe kahevAyuM te dharmamAM Ikavara ' kamI nI vividha zakitaonI che ke--je thatha mama gute tAtathaiva manAghara eTale ke jUdA jUdA deva. devIo rUpe pujAvidhi thAya che. e saumAM je mane je rIte bhaje che te rIte tenI samakSa pragaTa thAuM sUya devI mukhya che. rAjA tene vaMzaja hovAthI samagra prajA chuM. pratyeka dharmane saMsthApaka pitAnI kakSA, adhikAra ane vatI Ise nAmanA sthaLe te sUryadevInI pujA kare che. suryadevInI dezakALanI sImamAM rahI paramatatvanI sAdhanA kare che ane te rIte mutine sthAne eka vartuLAkAra darpaNa mukavAmAM Ave che A samajI dezakALane anurUpa nAma-rUpathI tene vyakta kare che. paNa khuda sUya devIe ja mikADIne arpaNa karyuM hatuM evI badhA dharmo bhale bhinna bhinna hoya paraMtu e badhAnuM aMtima teo zraddhA dharAve che. tenA pujArI tarIke rAjyanI rAjakumArI lava tA eka bhASitamAM kahevAmAM AvyuM che keH - hoya che. AkAzata patita toya sAgara prati gacchati 23 upasaMhAra sarvadeva namaskAra : kezava prati gacchati / Ama eziyAnA lagabhaga badhA ja dharmo paramatatvano jevI rIte AkAzamAMthI paDeluM jala aMte mahAsAgara judA judA nAma ane rUthI pratyakSa yA apratyakSa rIte tarapha jAya che tevI ja rIte sarva dene karAyela namaskAra chevaTe svikAra kare che. hinda, khristI ilAma, jarathAkatA, zAkha, eka ja paramAtamAM tarapha jAya che. vAstavamAM Izvara, brahya, yahadI, tAo ane ziste dharma paramane pratyakSa rUpe sAheba , azva, saMvanA pratyakSa 25 sAheba Iyu, alAha, ahuramajhada zAMglI, tAo, kamI ItyAdi svikAra kare che. jenaghama IzvaranA asvikAra kare che jayAre eka ja paramatatavanAM judAM judAM nAme che gautama buddha te aMge mauna dhAraNa kare che. mahAtmA kanphayuzyase IvaranA astivi viSenI carcA vyartha mAnI che ane mAtra A prakAranI vibhinnatA kRtrima nathI paraMtu kudaratI che. vizvanA tamAma manuSya samAna prakRtinA hotA nathI sadAcArane ja mahatva ApyuM che. ane je hoya te samana dezakALamAM astitva dharAvatA nathI. hindudharma eka ja paramAtmAmAM vizvAsa dharAve che, A bhinnatAne kAraNe temanI kakSA ane adhikAra paNa bhinna jenA svarUpa viSayaka aneka matamatAMtara pravarte che jena hoya te svAbhAvika che. manuSya tenI kakSA ane adhikAra mujaba dharmamAM mata AtmA ivara samAna bane che. zIkha dharma parama lakSya ne pahoMcavA prayAsa kare che, pariNAme bhannabhi na tene meTA sAheba tarIke varNave che yahudI dharma khristI dharma jIvana praNAlI e ghaDAya che. vAtavamAM A bhi-natA dharmonuM ane IslAmadharma pUrNataH ekezvaravAhI dharme che yahudI dhama bhUSaNa che, duSaNa hiM satya ApaNI kalpanA karatAMya vadhu ne Izvara cUsta nyAyAdhiza che, IslAmadharmane Ikavara jagata vizALa che, tene koI eka ja mALakhAmAM badhI zakAya nahi no ajeya bAdazAha che jyAre khristI dharma tene eka premALa manuSya potAnI kakSA mujaba tene anubhave che ane judA pitA tarIke varNave che. jarastI dharma tane ahuramajhaTa jUdA rUpe tene vyakata kare che. A vizALa ane mahAna satyane nAmathI oLakhAve che. keMnphazyasa tene "zepsI tarIke, vyakata karavA mATe koI eka ja nAma na hoI zake ane te tAo dharma "tAe" tarIke ane ziste dharma "kamI" tarIke zakaya paNa nathI. Jain Education Intemational

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bhagoLa-khagoLanA vaijJAnika vicAronI samIkSA - samIkSaka, paM. abhayasAra jaina muni (saMgrAhaka : Do. deva tripAThI) M. A. PH. D. dilhI je mAM thvI nA A kAra- gati ane e polonI caMdra yAtrA saMbaMdhI vijJAnika vicAraNanI tarkazudhdha samIkSA. yastakeNanu saMdhi AdhAre jovA maLe che. A daSTie satyanuM darzana karavuM hoya te vAstavikatAne Azraya levA joIe. vidvAnonuM ema kahevuM che ke koI kahe ke A vAta prAcIna paraMparAthI AvelI che te mATe tene Adara tho anumAna tarka vagerene Azraya laI apratyakSane pratyakSa joIe." to ucita nathI agara ke " navIna gaSakonI zrama jevI banAvavAno Agraha dharAvatA vaijJAnika vaDe apAtA sAdhanAnuM A pariNAma chemATe prAmANika che ane eja keTalAka muddAo A rIte che. AdhAre ene mAnI levuM ucita che te paNa ThIka nathI. A 1 sau prathama nizALamAM bhaNatA vidyArthIone puthvInI sthitimAM " para pratyaya neyabuddhitA bIjAnA vizvAse utpati ane tene siddhAMta samajAvAya che. temAM pRthvInA pitAnA vicArene sthira karavAnI pravRtti paNa eTalI ja AkAra vize teo batAve che ke, hAsyAspada bane che, mATe buddhizALIne che ke "tarkonA trAjavA para pratyeka siddhAMtane jekhavA parakhavAne pUrNa prayAsa " samudramAM dUrathI AvatA vahANa ke sTImarane apaNe kare" jethI satyanuM pratyakSa zIdhra thaI zake. dhyAna pUrvaka joIzuM te sau prathama tenI uparanI cinI ke tUtakano uparano bhAga dekhAya che. pachI jema jema te vahANuM A kathananA AdhAre ahIM pRthvInA AkAra gati ane ke sTImara ApaNI najIka Ave che, tema tema dhIre dhIre tenuM epalenI caMdrayAtrAne lagatA vaijJAnanI vicArone cakAsaNI saMpUrNa svarupa uparathI nIcenI tarapha ughaDatuM jAya che. karavA vartamAna vaijJAnane dvArA pratipAdita siddhAMtanuM mUlyAkane prastuta karI rahyA chIe.. eTale A uparathI pratyakSa pramANathI ema sAbita thAya che ke pRthvI goLa che. tethI ja dUra rahela vahANa ke pRthvIne AkAra sTImara nI ADe pRthvInI goLAIne bhAga AvavAthI vahANapRthvInA AkAra bAbata e vicAra dhArAo cAlI * DhAmara pUrNa rUpamAM dekhAtA nathI. " rahI che. temAM pahelI dhAraNA mUlaka che ane bIjI praga samIkSA mUlaka A be vicAra dhArAnA dhoraNe pRthvIne AdhunIka vijJAna va dIo goLa AkAra vALI siddha kare che. paNa dhAraNAnI paNa kharekhara A rIte dUrathI AvatI sTImara ke vahANa AdhAra zilA te kalpanA hoya che, ane tenuM nirmANa laukika ne dekhavAne prayAsa kaI e karyo hoya tema jaNAtuM nathI. rIte buddhinI pradhAnatAe thatA prayAsethI ja thAya che. jyAre kemake jyAre pratyakSa jevA prayatna karIe tyAre te pariNAma vAstavikatA te Ama pratIti ane alaukika upAdAnenA viparIta Ave che. Jain Education Intemational

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612 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 e vakhate ApaNane vahANa ke sTImara nA uparano bhAga che ema lAgaze, paNa tyAM jaIne joIzuM te kaMI nahIM dekhAya che. teja vakhate zakita zALI dUra vIkSaNa yaMtra (TelI kSitija te vaLI AgaLa roDa sAthe maLI jatI lAgaze. A skopa) thI joI e te AkhI raTImara ke vahANa joI paNa dRSTinI sImAthI phalita bhramane eka namune che. zakIe chIe. cAvA aneka udAharaNo vyavahAramAM anubhavAya che. te ame zakti zALI kemerAthI pAsethI jatI sTImaranA ja rIte AMkhanA keNa, 45 DigrInA khUNAnA kAraNe dekhAte keTA judI judI vakhate lIdhA che. ane joyuM che ke TheTha chele kSitijane goLAka 2 vagere samajI ApaNe A nirNaya karyo kALA TapakAM jevuM jyAre dekhAya tyAre paNa levAyelA phoTAomAM ke pRthvI goLa nathI ja. sTImaranuM pUrUcitra AvyuM che. Ama kema? ahIM eka vAta e paNa samajavAnI che ke prakAza je kA vaDANanI ADe Avate kahevAte pRthvInI goLAI cIjamAMthI pasAra thAya che tene je prakAra hoya te rUpe ja ne bhAga dubina ke kemerAnA lansa thI haTI jAya kharo ? bahAra nIkaLe, eTale cIja ApaNane tevI ja lAge. vaijJAnike vaDe je ema kahevAya che ke dUrathI AvatA jema ke geLa, ageLa, krikeNa, trikaNa ke catuSkoNa sTImarane uparano bhAga pahelA dekhAya che ane pachI kramaza : bhaMLI mAMthI ApaNe joIe te amuka aMtara pachI bhUMgaLI sTImara dekhAya che eTale pRthvI geLA kAra che te te mAtra nA AkAra pramANenI ja cIja mAne che temAMthI pasAra thatI daSTi bhrama che. dRSTi bhramane samajavA mATe relanA be pATAne ApaNI jevAnI zakti amuka aMtare jaIne eka kendramAM dUrathI jotAM spaSTa samajI zakAya che ke teo je rIte najIkamAM kedrita thatI hoI amuka aMtara pachI cIja geLa AkAre ja judA judA dekhAya che teja rIte dUra jatAM ekI sAthe maLatAM dekhAya che. dekhAya che, paNa kharekhara te maLatAM nathI. A rIte paNa spaSTa thAya che ke -pRthvIne AkAra eTale e nizcita che ke mANasa nI draSTi maryAdita geLa sA mIta karavA apAtuM sTImaranuM dRSTAMta taka ane hoya che ane tenA lIdhe AMkha haMmezAM pitAnI sImAthI anubhavanI sarANe TakatuM nathI, phakata dha 2 gunA baLa upara uparanAM kSetramAM bhramAtmaka ja jJAna karAve che. AnA lIdhe ja potAnI mAnyatAne sAbIta karavA rajU thAya che. AvatI sTImara pUre pUrI dekhAtI nathI. draSTinI sImita zakti enuM A vicitra pariNAma che traNa vAMsano prayoga haTanI sImita zakitanAM udAharaNa - pRthvI goLa hovA bAbata eka pramANa iMglenDanA beDa pherDa zAyara nAmaka prAMtamAM Dhe. velese eka prayoga karyo hate daSTinI sImita zakitaonA dekhAtA vicitra pariNa- ema kahevAya che. temAM mane samajavA mATe e samajavAnI jarUra che ke ApaNI AMkhanI kIkI bahirgola che. ane banne AMkhanuM teja eka eka meTA taLAvamAM eka eka mAilanA aMtare traNa kATakhUNe bheguM maLI ApaNane kaI paNa cIja darzAve che. vAMsa eka sarakhI uMcAInA pANInI sapATI para evI rIte tethI AMkhathI dekhAtI cIjomAM keTalIka vAra vikRta darzana paNa goThavyA hatA ke teonI UparanI sapATI eka sarakhI rahe. thAya che. pachI dunanaya jotAM vacale vAMsa uMce dekhAte. jema ke relvenA be pATA vacce UbhA rahI jaIzuM te traNe vAMsanI uMcAI sarakhI hovA cha vacalA vAMsa nI AgaLa upara (be kalaga dUra) baMne pATA paraspara maLI gayA uMcAInA lIdhe spaSTa thAya che ke pRthvI goLa che. tethI ja hoya evuM dekhAya che. A dUpha zakitanI sImAothI phalita pANInI sapATI paNa gaLAkara thaI vacale vaLAMkanA bhAga thata bhramamAtra che uMco thayela. hakIkatamAM te mITarageja ke breDagraja je re hoya samIkSA. tenA pATA samAMtare ja hoya che. nahIM te pUrapATa ghasArA baMdha jatI relve nirAdhAba rUpe zI rIte pATA para pasAra thaI A prayoga paNa tarkazAstra saMmata nathI. kemake pANIno svabhAva sarakhI sapATI e rahevAno che. pANI cAre bAjuthI zake ? sarvasAdhAraNu badhAnA anubhavanI A cIja che. samAna rUpamAM ja rahe che. temAM kadI evuM na bane jevuM ke Aja rIte kaI vaLAMka vinAnA sIdhA DAmara roDa upara eka thALImAM ghauM, bAjarI, caNA Adi anAjano Dhola ubhA rahI sAme najara karIzuM te reDa kSitijathI maLI gaya karatAM vacce Tekaro thAya ane AsapAsa vikharAIne DhALa thAya" Jain Education Intenational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha A rIte pANI eka ja sapATI e rahe te pachI vacala sTreliyA pAse thaI puna: viSuvavRtta rekhA upara AvI jAya. vAMsa pRthvInA goLAkArathI pAnInI sapATI UMcI hoI UMce dekhAvAnI vAta dRSTi bhrama rUpa hoya. yathArtha hakIkata na kahevAya te kaLI zakAya ke yathArtha pRthvI goLa che. rekeTonI yAtrA anya udAharaNe pRthvI goLa hovA mATe eka pramANu evuM paNa apAya A rIte aneka udAharaNo maLI Ave che jenAthI siddhi che ke " pradhI nI pradakSiNA mATe rokeTa Adi jyAMthI nI. thAya che ke " pRthvIne AkAra goLa nathI ja." A mATe kaLe che teja sthAne pAchA AvI jAya che. --"vana haoNDa paphasa opha dhI artha Ijha noTa e ba' nAmanuM pustaka kelIphorniyA vizvavidyAlaya raju thayela te paNa samIkSA jovA jevuM che. paNa A vAta yogya vicAraNu baLe prAmANika nathI keTalAka sAhisaka yAtrIoe paNa pota potAnI dekhAtI. kemake Aja sudhI AvI kahevAtI pradakSiNAo jeTalI yAtrAnA AdhAre A vAtane siddha karI che. jemAM pAdarI thaI te badhI pUrva-pazcima ja thaI che. ane pUrva dizA koI phAdhara jensa kepTana rAsa kepTana phezIyara vagere pramukha che, nizcita dizA nathI. sUrya grahaNanA drazya parathI paNa A aMge vicAra thaye | dhava ke uttara dizA ja nizcita che. jenA AdhAre 2 che. keTalAka videzIonA riporTo jotAM temAM jaNAvelI yAtrA ke pradakSiNA karanA, pitAnI dizAne sarakhI rIte jANI hakIkata parathI paNa sidhdha thAya che ke pRthvIne AkAra goLa zake. nathI. A vAtane vadhu spaSTa karavA mATe sUryodayanA sthAnathI dainika noMdha rAkhavAnI jarUra che. rAkhavAnI jarUra che. tema vaujJAnikenI zeno Aja sudhIne ItihAsa tapAkaravAthI spaSTa jaNAze ke sUryodaya Aje jyAM thayo tyAM sIe te uttarottara sAdhanA vikAsanA AdhAre prathamanA AvatI kAle nahI thAya, Doka keNa badalAte rahevAne ja. vaijJAnikonI ghaNI vAte Aje adhyeya banI gaI che. ekaMdara cha mahinA sudhI agni--khUNethI IzAna khUNA tarapha paNa vijJAna haMmezA prayogAtmaka zailI para cAlatuM hoI prayoganA sUrya cha mahinA sudhI khasate rahe che. sAdhanonI kSamatAmAM AdhAre haMmezA parivartana zIla rahe che. eTale e yAtrIo sUryane lakSyamAM rAkhI eka ja mATe satyanI niSpakSa taTastha gaSaNuM karyA vagara dizAmAM musApharI zarUM kare te sUya 24 kalAkamAM pitAne pRthvInA AkArane geLa batAvI keTalAka bhrame utpanna karI khUNe badale ane yAtrIo paNa cAle jethI cAlatA sUryanA satyane asatya siddha karavAnA prayAso ucita nathI. A rIte lAthI cAlanAra yAtrI pote mULa sthAnethI je dizAmAM cAlavuM ApaNe AgaLa pRthvI nI gati aMge paNa vicAra karIzuM zarU karela tenAthI bIjI bAju vaLAMka levA chatAM ceDA cheDA khUNunA taphAvate pitAnI yAtrAmAM sUryanuM lakSya sAme rahetuM bhU bhramaNanA vartamAna sidhdhAMte. hAI brapa thAya ke " huM sIdhAja cAluM chuM, paNa kharekhara te 1 kapanA ane nirIkSaNu parIkSaNanA AdhAra para vaLAMka laI pAchA hatA te sthAne khuzI thI AvI zake che. kepanikasa" Copernecus ane "gelelIye" Galileo rekeTa vageremAM vaujJAniko oTomeTika kaMTrola karIne tathA temanA anugAmIoe pRthvI ? bramaNa zIlatA para tene pheravatA hoya che. Apa Apa janArA to rekeTo eka vicAra raju karyA hatA. paraMtu nyUTane 1979 I. sa.mAM dizAmAM jAya te anaMta AkAzamAM vilIna thaI jAya, ethI saMbadha akALuM pramANa ApatAM sarva prathama ema kahyuM hatuM ke agara kemInAranA cheDathI koI daDo pheMkavAmAM Ave kharekhara to ekaja dizAmAM cAlIne puna: te sthAne te te daDe bilakula nIce mInAranA mULanI najIka na paDIne pAchA AvavAnI vAta tyAre saMgata thAya jyAre te niraMtara DI parvanI bAjumAM khasIne paDaze mInArane cheDe pitAnA gatizIla sUryanA roja palaTa tA udaya sthAnanA AdhAre kahevAtI taLathI apekSA pRthvInA kedrathI vadhAre dUra hoya che ane eja acokakasa 5 dizAnA badale sthi' che tArAne lakSyamAM kArAge enI gati paNa tIvra hoya che. nIce paDatAM samaye rAkhI uttara dizA tarapha rokeTa cAdi game te pAdhanathI musApharI daDAnI gati paNa teTalI ja hoya che. je mInAranA cheDe ochI pradakSiNuM zarU kare. nathI hotI, A kAraNe paDatA samaye daDo mULane najIka na eTale ke viSuvavRtta uttara dhruva tarapha thaI nathali paDIne AgaLa vadhI jAya che. AthI spaSTa che ke pRthvI pazci pasAra karI amerikAmAM thaI sAutha pilamAM thaI puna : A mathI pUrvanI tarapha pharI rahI che. Jain Education Intemational

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614 reliyAne bamikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 e sAthe ja A vaijJAnikoe sUryane paNa gatizIla virodhamAM kaMIne kaMI kahetA rahe che. teone potAnA pracAra mAnyo che. aneka uDApaDanA bAda jyAre pRthvIne gatiyukata prasAranA baLathI dhUmila banAvatAM pitAne mAga prasArI mAnavAnA pravAha cAlI rahyA hatA. te divasomAM ja assara rahyA che. ane TolemIe pRthvIne sthira batAvAnA prayatna karyA. prAmANikatAnI kasoTI eka bAju bruka nAmaka eka anya vaijJAnike paNa A satyane chupAvavAnuM duHsAhasa saphaLa thatuM nathI. keI mAnyatAnA prasArane Teko Ape pUthvI gatizIla che ane te paNu siddhAMtane sthira karavA thaDa pramANe UbhAM karavAM paDe che sUryanI cAre bAju phare che A siddhAMta upara jyAre jyAre je nyAyAdhIzanI mAphaka taka-vitarko pachI ni ya Ape che. vivAda ume thayo tyAre A leke potAnA manane sthira che vijJAnavAdI kevaLa vitaMDAnA AdhAra para potAnI DhALI ne rAkhavA navI navI yukti che zodhI kADhatAM ane A pramANe che: mA pitAne paNa aApe che. te zAstra mAnatA nathI ane je 1 pRthvIne 23 aMzane khUAva. take temanI sAme mUphavAmAM Ave che tene javAba nathI ApI zakatA. 2 pRthvInI cAre bAju vAyu maMDaLanI sthiti ane A sthitimAM ame aMdhAnukaraNa na karatAM vAstavikatA 2 gurUtvAkarSaNano niyama, A traNa yuktio pramukha ne samajavA ApaNe vijJAnanI vAtane vijJAnanA ja tarkothI rUpe pracalita thaI. cakAsIne satya sudhI pahoMcavAno prayAsa karIzuM. samaya jatAM A siddhAMta vyApaka banI gayuM ane mInAranA prayoganI aprAmANiktA tenA AdhAra paraja pUthvInI gatizIlatAnA sidhdhAMta rAja je pramANe mInArathI phekele daDo pRthvInI gatinA kAraNe mAnya baje. ThIka sthaLe na paDI ne dura paDe che te zuM pRpI pI dhanuSya ke koparanikase pRthvInA paribhramaNane siddha karavA taka na ka vagara koI ca sthaLathI nAca ane naci . uparanA AvyuM ke pRthvInI gati tene kakSa tathA akSa para hoya che. sthaLe tIrake goLI mAravAmAM Avela nizAnamAM 5 aMtara Ave che ? te ene javAba haze. nahiM, agara khare khara phaLa svarUpe A gati be prakAranI kahevAya che. 1 pari aMtara paDatuM ja hota te badhA nizAne bekAra jatA. kema ke kramA 2 ane paribhUSaNa. pratyeka nizAna bAja dRSTinI sIdhI rekhAne laya karIne pRthvI je mArga upara suryanI parikramA kare che tene nizAne mAre che mATe A prayoga aprAmANika bane che. AnI kakSA kahe che ane A mArgathI sUryanI parIkramAM karatA pRthvIne sAthe vAtAvaraNanI taMjagamanuM bahAnuM pRthvInI kADhI gatithI 365 divasa lAge che. je varSanI avadhi gaNAya che. pratyeka tenI gatimAM adhika vega batAvIne je samAdhAna ApavAmAM cAra varSa bAda eka varSa vRddhanuM hoya che jemAM eka divasanuM AvyuM che, te paNa gatimAna pRthvInA nizAnathI nisAra aMtara paDe che apramANikatA. nIvaDe che. paribhramaNane abhiprAya che. pRthvIne akSa--eka phekATana prayoga anumAnita rekhA, je pRthvIne aMdaranA keMdrathI uttarI ane sana 1851 I.mAM phekATe perisamAM paeNthayina ThuMmaTamA dakSiNa dhavane joDe che. tenA para paribhramaNa thAya che. AmAM eka hAlatI avasthAmAM peMDulama laTakAvyuM, je ke bhUmi pRthvI pitAnuM eka bhramaNa 24 kalAkamAM pUrNa kare che. je upara karela cinhanA samAntaramAM theDe samaya hAlatuM ApaNA divasanI avadhi che. rahyuM paNa thoDA samaya bAda eNe potAne mArga badalI lIdhe A vicArane puSTi ApavA siddhAMtataH pRthvInI traNa gheDA ja kalAkamAM cinha lAMbuM ane pachI simAMntara banI gatio mAnya che. gayuM. cinDane samAMtara thavAmAM ene lagabhaga 24 kalAka thayA. 1 pRthvInI potAnA biMdu para pharavAnI gati. A pramANe siddha thayuM ke makAna pRthvInA dainika bhramaNanA 2 sUryanI AsapAsanI gati. lIdhe ceMDulamanI cAre bAju pharI gayuM. 3 sUryanI (pRthvInI sAthe tathA upagraha sahita) bramaNa- samIkSA nI gati. uparyukata prayAgamAM vicAraNIya e che ke pRthvI agara Aje vizvanA vaijJAnikanuM mastiSka A mAnyatA upara gatizIla che. te je dhumaTathI peMDulamane 9 TakAvavAmAM AvyuM kendrita thaI gayuM che ane je prAcIna-arvAcIna vidvAna AnA te paNa pRthvInI sAthe ja pharaze. tema thavA puratuM paMDralamanI Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha rekhao sadA badalatI rahevI joIe ane samAMtara rekhAo vahevA tathA cAlavAvALI vastuo: upara tenuM hAlavuM tathA tenI sama-viSama rekhAo jyAre pharale A siddha karavAno prayAsa karyo che ke nadIo DAbe-jamaNe paNa pRthvIne sthira ja pramANita kare che. sAthe ja samAMtara rekhAomAM paribhramaNanA 24 kalAkamAM purUM thavAne ane vAyudhArAo uttara goLArdhamAM jamaNuM ane dakSiNI je ulekha Ave che te va pradezamAM ja saMbhavita che. kema geLArdhamAM DAbI tarapha phare che. A pRthvInA paribhramaNanA ke tyAM pRthvInI gatinA kAraNe peMDulamanuM potAnI mULarekhA lIdhe ja thAya che. para 23 kalAka 56 miniTa 6 sekanDamAM AvI javuM tema samIkSA vartamAna vaijJAniko mAne che. paraMtu dhruva pradezamAM javuM kaThina che te pachI A prayoga para vizvAsa kema thAya ? uparyukata kathanamAM nahI ane vAyunA pravAhanuM parivarta na pRthvInI gatinA kAraNe na hoI vAtAvaraNanA aMge thAya bha pa vartananuM pramANa che gurutvAkarSaNa ane vAtAvaraNanA svarUpa prakAra ane sthiti ne Aja svataMtra rUpe mAnavAmAM Ave che. kahevAmAM Ave ke bhUmaya rekhA para vastuonuM vajana je hoya ane dhruvo u ra ja vastuonuM vajana vadhAre hoya la-moTara vagere vAhanonI gati che. kemake dhruva para pRthvI dhIre-dhIre ane bhUmadhya rekhA para Ama paNa kahevAmAM Ave che ke agara ApaNe vadhu tIvra gatithI phare che. kemake bhArata saMbaMdha AkarSaNa zaktithI jhaDapa vALI le athavA moTarathI kaI dizAmAM yAtrA che che ane te AkarSaNa - zakti dhruvo upara adhika tathA bhUmadhya enI dizAmAM badhI vastuo pAchaLanI bAju cAlatI rekhA para ochI hoya che mATe agara pRthvI sthira hota te najara Ave che. AthI spaSTa che ke pRthvI phare che. badhA sthaLe mATe vajana eka samAna hatuM ? samIkSA samIkSA A dhAra para pRthvInI gati zIlatA sidhdha karavI te bALakane samajAvavuM che kemake kaI meTA jaMkazana upara A kathanamAM vAyune dabAva ja kAraNa bhUta che. kema ke pRthvInA madhyabiMduthI cAre bAju kheMcelI rekhAo samAna ja ubhI rahelI lekaka TrenamAM jayAre ApaNe besIe chIe tyAre zuM AuTa AvavAvALI mela Trena zIdhatAthI jatI mAluma bane che. mATe bhUmadhyarekhA ane dhruva pradezamAM bhAra -parivartana nI vAta pRthvIne gatimAna pramANita nathI karI zakatI. paDe che. AthI sUryanI gati svataHsiddhi che. pRthvI nI nahi. peDulamavALI ghaDiyALa sUrya caMdra ane pRthvInI divasa ane rAtrinA pramANo AkarSaNa zakitathI thavA vALA prayogo nA AdhAra para pRthvI ema kahevAya che ke ApaNI pRthvI sthira hota to nI gati zIlatA ne sidhdha karavuM te paNa anyAnya takethI divasa ane rAta kadAca na hota. pRthvInA dainika bhramaNanA khaDita thaI jAya che. eTaluM ja nahi pRthvInI dainika ane lIdhe ja jyAre pRthvIno bhAga sUryanI sAme hoya che tyAre vArSika gati paNa takonI sAme ubhI nathI rahI zakatI kemake divasa ane tenA abhAvamAM rAta hoya che. divasa ane rAtanI je vAtane Adhunika vaijJAnika pRthvI gatinA mAdhyamathI sidhdha Ai ke sthaLanI athAMzanI sthiti para nirbhara hoya che. kare che te vAta suryanI bhramaNa zIlatAthI siddha thaI jAya che ane temAM vyarthanA vyavadhAne paNa nathI AvatA. samIkSA pRthvInA saMbaMdhamAM anya dhAraNa e upakata pramANathI prathvInI gati zIlatA siddha karavI saMsAramAM ema kahevata prasidhdha che ke "eka asatyane tarkasaMgata nathI kema ke gaNitazAstranA niyama anusAra viziSTa siddha karavA mATe e asatya ne zi pariNAme siddha karavA aneka prakAra (Aya che. jema 9 nI eja pramANe pRthvInI gati zIlatAne siddha karavA mATe saMkhyA 5+4-9 thI paNa bane che. evI rIte 6+3 9 jayAM jayAM muzkelI AvI tyAM navI navI kalpanAo ghaDavI 4+5-9, 72 9 athavA 10 /1-9 vagere prakArothI paNa paDI udAharaNArtha pathvIne eka graha mAnava sUryathI pathabhUta pramANita thaI zake che. AmAM koI paNa eka prakArane mithyA suryadavyathI nirmita mAnavuM aMDAkAra mAnavI potAnA ja pAyA kahevAnuM duHsAhasa keI buddhimAna vyakita nahi karaze. upara pharatI mAnavI eka AkAzIya piMDa mAnavuM sUrya mALAnuM A pramANe divasa-rAtanA praznanuM samAdhAna sayanI aga mAnavuM vagere. gatizIlatA ane maMDaLamAM paribhramaNa vagerethI paNa sugama paraMtu parIkSaNa karatAM darekamAM kaMI ne kaMISa avazya rIte sidhdha che. Ave che. ane kaI-kaI sthaLe te badhI mAnyatAo paraspara lI . tenA abhAvamAM rAta hakaka para nirbhara hoya che. ane temAM vyarthanA vyava Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 dhamatya darzAve che. svayaM vaijJAnike paNa te sthaLe saMzayagrasta (2) bhagavatI sUtra 7 zataka, 3 uddezaka, 261 sUtra banelA che. asthira sidhdhAMtenA AdhAre kaI sthira sidhAMtanuM tathA 13 zataka 4 udezaka bhagavatI sUtra 11, 10 dezaka khaMDana karavuM nitAMta azobhanIya che. 420 sUtra 487 sUtra. A daSTi e ja kahyuM che. "sarata : parIdyAvatara (3) AcArAMga sUtra 1ata 8aM 1 udezaka zIlAkAcAye mate parAne vadighaH" - arthAta buddhimAna kaI vastunI enI TIkAmAM paNa vicAra karyo che. Aja sUtramAM bhUkaMpa para parIkSA karIne temAMthI satyane grahaNa kare che ane je bIjAnA paNa vicAra karyo che. vizvAse asatyane paNa satya mAnI le che te mUDha che" tiyaMga leka vicAra bhAratamAM paNa eka phezana cAlI rahI che ke pratyeka tathAkathita bhaNelI vyakitao videzonuM aMdhAnuM karaNa karavAmAM (1) sthAnAMga sUtra 3 sthAna, 2 uddezaka ja pitAne vidvAna gaNe che. ane tenA mATe ApaNA pUrva (2) anuga dvAra 3 sUtra mahaSio nA apratima jJAna ne kAlpanika kahIne tene upahAsa (3) sUtrakRtAMga sUtra 1 zruta 5 adhyayana 1 uddezaka kare che. ja budvipa vicAra ame A dizAmAM bhUbhramaNa zodha saMsthAna mahesANA tathA jaMbudvIpa nirmANa yejanA, kapaDavaMja nA mAdhyamathI (1) jaMbudvipa prajJapti gujarAtI hiMdI saMskRta tathA aMgrejImAM nAnI-moTI aneka (2) Avazyakasutra 1 adhyayana 5 97 kAma nI racanA karIne bhAratIya bhAvanAne sAcI dizA batAvavAno prayAsa karyo che. sAthe ja sthAne sthAne pratyakSa (3) jIvAbhigama sUtra (4) dvIpa sAgara prajJapti praga dvArA paNa viSayane spaSTa rUpe sthApita karIne prAcIna maharSio nA vacananI prAmANikatA siddha karavAne mana (5) samavAyAMga sutra (6) anuga drArA karyo che. (7) sUtrakRtAM sUga (8) sthAnAMga sUtra rasthAna 3 uddezaka je pramANe naidika ane anya dhArmika sAhityamAM bharata kSetra vicAra vijJAnanI vizada carcA dvArA ati prAcIna samayamAM paNa je prAmANika vAte upasthA pita che teja pramANe ApaNuM jaina (3) jaMbudvIpa prajJapti 3 vakSaskAra 71 sUtra sAhitya paNa vijJAnanA kSetre DuM paNa pAchaLa nathI gaMbhIra vivecana vaDe zAstrIya daSTi karatAM sUrya, caMdra, pRthvI, samudra, (2) sthAnAMga sUtra 9 mu sthAna parvata, nada AdinuM varNana je graMthamAM upalabdha thAya che (3) prazna vyAkaraNa 4thuM AvasadvAra temanuM saMkSipta nAmAMkana pAThakonI suvidhA mATe A sthaLe khagoLa saMbaMdhI gati vicAra udhRta karavuM ucita samajIe chIe. A graMthe A pramANe che. e loka paricaya mATe 1) sUrya prajJapti. 2 caMdraprajJapti 3 bhagavatI sUtra 4 jyotiSkaraMDaka 5 kAlaleka prakAza 6 maMDaLa prakaraNa 7 bRhata (1) AcArAMga sUtra 1 zrutaskAdha 2 adhyayana 1 uddezaka sAMgrahaNI. 3 jAtanI 8 tatvArtha sUtra. (2) Avazyaka sUtra, dvitIya adhyayana (H) vizeSAvazyaka bhagaLa para vicA2 prakaraNa graMtha) bhA . 1 laghukSetra samAsa, 2 bRhata kSetra mAsa. (3) sthAnAMga sUtra 1 sthAna, 2 sthAnaka udde zaka 153 sUtra 3 jaMbudvIpa samAsa, 4 kSetra leka prakAza. (4) sUtra kRtAMga 5 tatvArtha sUtra ane te upara leka vAtika TIkA. (5) samavAyAMga sUtra prathama samavAya AmAM pRthvInI gatimattAnuM paNa khaMDana karavAmAM AvyuM che. (6) bhagavatI satra 13 zataka 4 uddezaka tathA 11 zataka 10 uddezaka uparyukata ArAma ane prakaraNa graMthithI atirikta aneka AcAryoe tathA svataMtra A lecakee A viSaya lekonA AkAra jJAna mATe upara svataMtra rUpe vicAra karyo che jene vistAra bhayathI ame (1) sthAnAM sUtra 3 sthAna, 3 uddezaka nathI ApI zakayA. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha yaMgra 617 kSetra tathA anya bhUgoLa khagoLanA viSaya para prAcIna samIkSA AcAyenA vacanane draDha zraddhAvALA leke ja mAnI zake che. ahIM samajavAnuM e ke pRthvIthI UMcAI te mAtra 100 paraMtu sAmAnya loko zAstrA jJAnathI zUnya hevInA kAraNe che mA nI ja! pRthvIthI aMtara 2 lAkha 30 hajAra mAnuM, paNa cArvAka cArU vAku para jaladI prasanna thaI jAya che, mATe ame uMcAI 100 mI. thI vadhu nahiM! sadA prathama vijJa: 1thI vijJAnanA anaucityane siddha karavA mATe baLa ApIe chIe jyAre samajI laIe chIe ke tethIja ela 11 ne caMdrapara utarANa vakhate nIce kharekhara takenA trAjavA para Adhunika vaujJAnikonA kathane utarANa karavuM paDayuM. uparanI aMdhakAra DhIlI paDI che. tyAre zAstrIya pramANu ApIne sAmI zraddhAne rithara rAkhavAnI vAta kahIe chIe. caMdra hakIkatamAM AkAzIya piMDa ane ApaNuM jagatathI 31 lAkha 68 hajAra mA. uMce che, tyAM pahoMcavA mATe epalanI caMdayAtrA apolAne satata urdhvagamana karavAnI jarUra hatI. jemAM pravInA AkAranI ke geninI bAbatamAM vijJAna : A uparathI epale pRthvIthI tirachuM gayuM che, paNa vAdIonA sidhdhAMta asatya Cdha thayA che. tevI ja rIte UMce nahIM, ema spaSTa jaNAya che, te bharata kSetra nuM mApa keTalAka varSothI cAlu thayela epale yAnAnI thatI caMdra yAtrA pUrva-pazcima 5, 20 96, 547 mAIla ane uttara-dakSiNa emAM paNa pracAra prasAranI pracuratA ane vAstavikatAnI 18, 94 736 mAila che. temAM paNa ApaNe jyAM chIe pokaLatA siddha thAya che, te madhya khaMDa paNa pUrva-pazcima 10,80,0000 mAIla ane teo potAnI A yAtrAo aMge navA navA vicAro uttara-dakSiNa 8,57,368 mAilane che. madhya khaMDanA madhya kendrathI dakSiNa-pazcima vaccenA (autrAtya khUNe) 1, 85,000 raju karI eka jAtanA vijayane uSa kare che. paNa khare khara temAM zuM che. gAu (3,70,000 mA.) dUra 8,000mAM. nA vyAsa vALA pradeza para ApaNe rahI e chIe. te aMge vicAra Avazyaka che. tethI keTalAka mudAonI - ahIMthI epele pUrva bAju gayuM che. te pUrvamAM ghaNuM carcA-vicAraNA ca hIM raju karIzuM. parvate che temAMnA eka parvata para epolo e uttarANa karyuM samAnava aMtarikSa yAtrAe hoya ema A upara thI spaSTa ja ya che. Aja sudhI caMdratala sudhI pahoMcavA ane te taLanI 2 vaLI amerikana riDarsa DAyajesTa kaMpanI taraphathI vadhu e LakhANa mATe lagabhaga 20 thI 25 sudhI samAnava prakAzita dha varlDa eTalAsa nAmanA mahAkAya graMtha- (pA 108) aMtarikSayAtrAo thaI che. mAM pRthvInI upara je vAyu maMDalenAM bhinna-bhinna paTTAo 1961 nA eprila mAsathI teno AraMbha karyo che. jaNAvyA che. tyAM sudhI gayelA reDa taraMge pharIthI pAchA AvI yAtrA A aMge arabe rUpiyA eno kharca ane pRthvI para AvI zake che paNa tethI upara ekajhophIyara hoya che. hukArA mAna, onA parizramane bhega Apela te spaSTa che. temAM kemika reMjanI vyApakatAnA kAraNe temAM gayela reDiye paNa A yAtrAo vaDe je tame sAme AvyA . te avazya kiraNe pharI pAchA riTarna thaI zakatA nathI. zakA'da che. samIkSA kemake dareka yAtrA pachI prakaTa thayelA riporTInI sUkama vicAraNanA AdhAre" satya keTaluM ane pracAra keTale ? te kharekhara epale je pRthvI thI uMce gayuM hoya te AvI zaMkA ubhI ja rahI che eTale ahIM te aMge vicAravA lagabhaga rAA lAkha mAIla dUra rahela e polenA avakAza yAtrI jevuM che. e sAthe nAsAnA vaijJAnika saMparka zI rIte rAkhI zakyA? epala nA avakAza yAtrIo TelIvijana seTa dvArA pikacaro epile yAnanI gati ? rIle kevI rIte karI zakAya? 1 vaijJAnikoe jaNAvyuM che ke epele seTarna pa rekeTa nA dhakakAthI uMce 190 mAila dhakelAIne pRthvIne nAsAnA vaijJAnike vAta cIta karI zakayA che TelIvijana be pradakSiNA ApyA bAda spesa risarca senTara (kepakeneDI) seTa para pregrAme AvyA che. e vAta ja puravAra kare che ke mAM beThelA kaMTrolaronA baTana dabAvavAnA pariNAme epelenuM epele pRthvIthI UMce 190 mAIla ja Ayane phIyaranI mukha caMdra tarapha tirachuM thayuM te dizAmAM (pUrva dizAmAM ) 2, maryAdA sudhI ja gayuM che. pachI pUrva dizAmAM tirachuM rAA lAkha 30, 000 mAM. dUra gayuM mAila gayuM. Jain Education Intenational

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618 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 - je sIdhuM zA lAkha mA. uMce gayuM hoya te 200 samIkSA. mAIlanA Ayano sIkara pachInA eka phIyaramAM gayela epala sAthe kemika reIjanA avarodhethI vaujJAnika saMparka eTale epale yAnane uMce zA mATe mekale? jALavI na zake. tirachuM mokale te vijJAnanI daSTie saMgata che. 3 vaijJAnikonA kathana pramANe pRthvIthI rA lAkha mA. jyAre hakIkatamAM caMdra te upara ja che. tira che nathI uMce gayA tyAM vAtAvaraNa che nahi to rokeTano ghaDAke tyAM zI eTale epalanI tiracho gati batAvo bApe che. ke te caMdra rIte thayo. para nahI paNa bharata kSetranA madhya khaMDanA pAMca koDa mAilanA vyAsavALA kSetramAM rA lA ma mA. dura ke ka parvata para caMdranA gurUtvAkarSaNamAM pesI bhramaNa kakSAmAM sthira epeleyAne utarANa karyuM hoya te vadhu saMgata lAge che. thavA ane bhramaNa kakSAmAMthI nIkaLI caMdranA gurutvAkarSaNamAMthI chUTavA epalanA avakAzayAtrIoe rokeTanA dhaDAkA karyA AvI ja rIte caMdra tala parathI lIdhelA citro ane che ja? vaLI vekayumamAM baLataNa baLe zI rIte ? kadAca temAM Avate pRthvIno AkAra tenI chAyA, raziyA ane ame mAnI laIe ke zvAsa mATe jema teo okasIjananI TAMkI rika nA yAnanI kriyAmAM pheraphAra, paraspara ekabIjAne meLAno 9 Ine gayA tema okasIjananI TAMkImAMthI baLatA gesa dvArA abhAva, caMdranI utpatti aMgenA parapara virodhI muddAo ghaDAko thayA paNa baLI gayela baLataNunA avazeSa ke dhUmA tyAMnI mATI ane pattharo anya vastune abhAva temaja keTalAya rAjakIya bAbatenI ADamAM thatA pracAro badhAnA DAnuM bahAra nIkaLavuM re DI rIte thAya ? vicArane lIve e pUravAra thAya che ke "epale yAno Aja vAtAvaraNa vinA baLevuM baLataNa ke ghumADo bahAra sudhI kharekhara caMdra para gayA ja nathI !' nIkaLI ja na zake A uparathI teo 190 mA.thI uce nathI gayA ane rA lAkha mA. tirachA thayA che e vAta pramANita amAruM lakSya thAya che. "satya ne satya rIte ja raju karavuM " e amAruM lakSya che, tethI amoe A aMge amArA vicAro jana 4 vaLI epalanA avakAzayAtrIoe epale yAna sAdhAraNane pahoMcADavA hindI gujarAtI saMskRta ane aMgrejI nI bArIo para barapha ane ghummasa jAmI gayAnI tenA kAraNe bhASAmAM lagabhaga 25 pustikAo nI racanA karI che. spaSTa na joI zakavAnI phariyAdo nAsAnA vaijJAnika samakSa temaja judA judA viSayanAM viddhAne bhegA karI A aMge saMgeSThIo karI vicAraNA karI che. aneka sthaLamAM samIkSA. jAhera pravacano ApI jijJAsuonA vaLatA praznonA uttare te vicAraNIya bAbata e che ke hakIkatamAM je rA ApyA che. lAkha mA. uce gayA hoya te zUnya vAtAvaraNamAM barapha ghu- zAonI vAtane gauNa rAkhI mAtra vijJAnanA tarko thI masa hoya kayAMthI? ja vijJAnanuM khaMDana karyuM che. keTalAka prayogo paNa moDala kadAca hoya te paNa sUryanA pracaMDa tApathI saphAI vagerenA AzrayathI raju karyA che. ane ekaMdare pariNAme sAro AvyuM che. ja jaya. paNa barapha ghummasanA AvaraNathI epele yAnanI amAruM lakSya vijJAnanuM khaMDana karavAnuM nathI ja ame bArIothI dekhAtuM nathI. e vAta elenA avakAzayAtrIo e te ema IcchIe chIe ke " jyAM sudhI kaI pAko nirNaya kabulI che. nahi thAya tyAM sudhI ke pe: AnA dharma ane zAstro pratye zradhdhAne TakAvI rAkhe ane jJAnI onA vacanane pramANa mAne, e jaNAvI Ape che ke epele UMce mAtra 190 kemake jJAnI bhagavaMte e je pratyakSa karI jA ne anubhavI neja mA. gayuM che ane rA dhAkha mA. tirachuM gayuM che. lakhyuM che Aja nahi te kAle te badhuM satya sidadha thavAnuM 5 vijJAnanI mAnyatA pramANe kendramAM sUrya pachI budha ja che, kemake teo zAzvata-satya che. nirAbAdha che. trikALa zukra ane pRthvI che. pRthvIno upagraha caMdra che tethI ekaja satya che. kakSAmAM pRthvIthI caMdra che je ke mAtra 5 aMzane khUNo kare vyarthanA ghaTATopamAM ke presa pleTa phemInA AdhAre thatA che. paNa pRthvInI kendravAdIonI mAnyatA pramANe "pRthvIthI pracArane vadhu mahatva ApI upajAvI kADhela dhAraNa enI uce caMdra che." e vAta AjanuM vijJAna mAnatuM nathI. aTavAmaNImAM guMcavAvuM na joIe. Jain Education Intemational

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graMtha smRti sanna 2000000ssoo **********..........coooooooooooooo.................... cakSutamAra caMcala cala ujaLA va Dob Dop ocare AzcaryaMjanaka adbhuta saphedAi mATe...! varateja mADakaTa bhAvanagara pAna geacce....*************************************************................ AC/AB ( Gx. ) No.19

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 ,, 544 Te. naM. 26364 zrI karamadIyA jUtha khe.vi.vi. kA. saha. dhI amadAvAdaDiTikaTa koopareTiva maMDaLI (karamadIyA) beMka limITeDa, rIlIpha roDa, amadAvAda (tAluko mahuvA) (ji. bhAvanagara) zera bhaMDoLa rUA 2,15,18000 rIjharva ane bIjA phaDo rU 1,75, 54,000 sthApanA tA. 28-3-55 noMdhaNI naMbara 1218 8 thApaNa rUA 29,16,84,000 zera bhaMDaLa 51980-00 sabhya saMkhyA kArya bhaMDoLa rU 29,07,56,00 anAmata phaMDa 8854-9 kheDUta 273 amadAvAda jillAmAM heDa ophIsa tathA 66 zAkhAo bIna kheDUta 271 dharAvatI A beMka zahera tathA jillAnA nAgarikone beMnkIMga tathA maMDaLIo dvArA dhIrANanI sagavaDo Ape che. zAMtilAla jIvanalAla purohita rAmajIbhAI muLajIbhAI bAMdhI mudatanI thApaNa para AkaSa ka vyAjanA daro maMtrI pramukha 91 divasa mATe 5 TakA 1 varSa mATe 63 TakA vya. ka. sabhyo : 6 mAsa mATe 5 TakA 2 varSa mATe 73 TakA zrI bAbubhAI bedha, zrI bhImabhAI muLubhAI, 5 varSa mATe 7 TakA zrI bAbubhAI paTela, zrI nAgaja bhAI jIvAbhAI, "sevIMgsa DIpojhITa rU" zrI nathubhAI mesurabhAI, zrI mAdhavajIbhAI, vadhu vigata mATe najIkanI zAkhAno saMparka sAdhe zrI raNachoDabhAI vi. ke. paTela jazabhAI yu. paTela menejara ceramena 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 phona naM. 502 gArIsa 4480 zrI amarelI jIllA madhyastha sahakArI TelIphona naMbara phekaTarI 3146 dharI 5729 huM benka lI. amarelI heDa e.sa : amarelI paTela sImenTa pAipa proDakaTasa | zAkhAo che 1 dhArI, 2 calAlA, 3 khaMbhA, 4 DeDANa, 5 lAThI, 6 damanagara, 7 lIlIyA, 8 bAbarA, 9 bagasarA, 10 menyuphekacararsa vaThIyA, 11 kukAvAva, 12 rAjulA, 13 DuMgara, 14 jApharAbAda, 15 cittala. Ara. sI. sI spana pAIpa tathA eca. esa spezyala zera bhaMDoLa rU. 81,56 lAkha rUA. 31,23 lAkha presa raDha thaIne zAmaLadAsa roDa, bhAvanagara kAmakAjanuM bhaMDoLa rUA. 49107 lAkha 1 benka taraphathI tamAma prakAranI thApaNe AkarSaka vyAjanAM darethI svIkAravAmAM Ave che. paTela karazanadAsa becaradAsa enDa ku. 2 dareka prakAranuM benkIMga tathA sahakArI dhirANanuM kAma lokhaMDanA vepArI karavAmAM Ave che. tepanAkA bhAvanagara manubhAI harIlAla parIkha gokaLadAsa mohanabhAI paTela menejara pramukha 1900000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 kA; Jain Education Intemational

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TapAlanI TikiTo zrI kItikAra kulacaMda dezI TapAlIe buma mArI "vIrA dezI TapAla" ane vIrA keI khAnagI peDhI ke vyakti TapAlane vyavahAra karI zake nahi deDI jaIne TapAla laI AvI kAgaLa uparanI raMgaberaMgI tevuM TharAvyuM. TikiTo joI e khuba harakhAI suzobhita TikiTothI bALako duniyAmAM sau prathama TikiTa IMglenDamAM tArIkha chaThThI te zuM paNa maTerAo paNa khuza thAya che. TapAla AvavAnA me 184 mAM bahAra paDI A TikiTa eka pinsanI kALA AvA prasaMge te have roja ba rejanA sAmAnya thaI raMganI hatI ane te "penIbleka"nA nAmathI prakhyAta che. gayA che. ane yuropa amerIkAmAM 1850 sudhImAM te ghaNuM rAjAe TikiTo bahAra pADI. agAu eka jagyAethI bIjI jagyA e saMdezo mokalavAnI padhdhati rAjAonA kAsada karatA ane te paNa phakta eziyAmAM sau prathama TikiTa hIndustAnamAM siMgha rAjA-rajavADAo mATe ja upayogamAM levAtI. prAMtamAM (hAla pAkistAnamAM) bahAra paDI A ane TikiTanA TikiTa sparamAM bahAra paDI ane ItihAsamAM te "siMgha ema kahevAya che ke hIndustAnamAM khepIyAthI TapAla DAka" tarIke prakhyAta che. 1854mAM bhAratamAM cAlu vAparavAnI mokalavAnI padhdhati rAjAoja vAparatA ane tenI zarUAta TikiTo bahAra paDI ane 1880 sudhImAM te eziyAnA alAuddIna khIlajI e 1296 mAM karI te vakhate mANasa ane ghaNA dezamAM ane bhAratanA dezI rajavADAoe TikTio bahAra ghoDesvArathI lazkara mATenAM pharamAna mokalAtA tyArapachI zera pADI. ghaNuMkharAM deza aMgreja saltanatanI nIce hatA hatA tethI zahanA cAra varSanA rAjyakALa mAM A paddhati khuba sudharI aMgrejonIrIta rasama mujaba TapAlanI padhdhatti dAkhala thaI ne teNe siMdhathI baMgALa sudhIne lagabhaga be hajAra mAIlanI TikiTa paNa temanA niyama ane rUDhI mujaba bahAra paDavA lAgI. raste baMdhAvyo ane Akhe raste ThekANe ThekANe ArAmagRha baMdhA vA dardaka ArAmagRha AgaLa be ghoDesvAra tayAra rahetA junA vakhanI TikiTo kAgaLa nA TUkaDA jevI lAgatI ane AvelI TapAla turata ja AgaLa laI jatA Aja padhdhati tenI uparanuM chApakAma te vakhatanI jANItI padhdhatithI thatu akabaranA rAjyamAM vadhu ja sudharI ane TapAla laI javA ane tene kAtarathI kApIne TUkaDA karIne vAparavAmAM AvatI. mATe uTasvAra paNa umerAyA dakSiNamAM mahaisuranA rAjA cIkakA- dakiTa sArA sarakArI kAgaLa upara chApavAmAM Ave che ane deve paNa 162nA arasAmAM potAnA rAjyamAM A jAtanI ghaNuM karIne pANIne nIzAnI vALA ( voTara mArka ) kAgaLa khepIyAnI paDatInI vyavasthA karI hatI. upara chapAya che. chatAM ghaNI TikiTo bIjI jAtanA sArA kAgaLa upara paNa chapAya che. vakhata jatAM TikiTo ne judI pADavA rAmaya hIMdustAnane mATe TapAlanI vyavasthAno vicAra ane sahelAIthI kApavA mATe be TikiTo vacce kANAM pADavAmAM IsTa I DayA kaMpanIe karyo pitA ja kAryA naya mATe A AvyA ( parapherezana ) ane te rIte kApelI TikiTo judI vyavasthA kaMpanI sarakAre lerDa kalAIvA samayamAM 176 6mAM pADyA pachI joIe te tenI cAre bAju suMdara rIte kAMgarIo cadhArI A paddhatIthI saMdeze mokalavA 1774mAM janatA adhAI gaelI dekhAya che hamaNAM navA prayAga tarIke cAra ke che ne paNa chuTa maLI ane te vakhate TapAlane dara eka mAIla TikTio upara ekaja saLaMgacitranu saMjana karavAmAM Ave che mATe be AnA haste A dara vasula karavA mATe tAMbAne khAsa Ama A badhI TikiTo ne sAtheja jevAthI eka suvAMga drazya sikake baDAra pADa hatuM. A rIte je TapAlano dara vasula joI zakAya che. ane te rIte judI pADelI TikiTa paNa svataMtra karI lIdho hoya tevA kAgaLa upara "pisTa peIDa" ke "kUla suMdara dazya citra raju sAthe sAthe te cAra ke cha TikiTo parapiTa peIDane sikako mAratA. phorezanathI chUTI paNa pADI zakAya che. ane kare che. AvI je TapAla mATe phI dara kAgaLa lenAra pAsethI vasula TikiTone "enTAyara" kahevAmAM Ave che. karavAnuM hoya tevI Tapala upara "berara" "ana-peIDa" ke bhAratanI 1854 mAM aDadhA AnAnI eka AnAnI posTa noTa peIDa"no sikako mAravAmAM Avata 1837mAM ane be AnAnI TiTiTo bahAra paDI Ama zarUAtanA varSonI pisTa ophIsane kAyado ghaDyA pachI TapAlanI atyAranI TikiTa upara rAjaya karanAra rAjA ke rANInuM citra eNkIta padhdhati amalamAM AvI gaNAya A kAyadAthI sarakAra sivAya karavAmAM AvatuM dareka bAbatamAM bane che tema vastune AkarSaka Jain Education Intemational

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eNiyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 banAvavA citra ane raMgo umeravAmAM Ave che teja rIte kula, phaLa, sthApatya udyoga mahAnubhavo ane prAsaMgika do TikiTo ne paNa AkrarSaka banAvavA tenI upara raMga be raMgI TikiTa upara raju thAya che. ane judA judA citro raju thayA che. bhAratanI TikiTomAM citra vALI TikiTo sai prathama navI dilhI nA uddaghATana prasaMge TapAlane judI judI rIte mokalavAmAM Ave che te dareka ane pachI paMcama jajanA rauthya mahotsava prasaMge bahAra rItane darzAvatI ATha TikiTane seTa bhArate 1937mAM bahAra paDI che. temAMya bhArata svataMtra thayA pachI 1947 pachI judA pADa hatA te TikiTomAM TapAla laIne dekhate khepI uMTajudA prasaMge ane mahAnubhave nI yAdamAM prAsaMgika citro svAra. baLadagADuM, ghoDAgADI basa, TreIna; sTImara. ane sahIta ghaNIja TikiTo bahAra paDI che. vimAna AlekhelA che tamane jANIne AnaMda thaze ke sau prathama havAI jahA keI paNa maTAcitranuM chApakAma pramANamAM sahelAIthI jamAM Tapala mokalavA nI zarUca ta bhArate 18mI phebruArI thaI zake che paNa kiTo jevA nAnA kadamAM chapAI kAma karavA 1921mAM karI te divase vimAnamAM 6500 TapAla ahAbAda mATe TikiTa nI DIjhAIna taiyAra karatI vakhate khUbaja cokasAI thI nainItAla laI javAmAM AvI hatI. ane emeilanI be mAgIle che. TikiTanI DIjhAIna karatI vakhate khAsa dhyAna AnAnI TikiTa bhArate 1929mAM bahAra pADI hatI. rAkhavuM paDe che. ke te citrane TikiTanA kada jeTalu nAnu karatI vakhate citranI nakazI, kaLA, viSaya ane saMjana jaLavAI hamaNAM caMdra upara avakAzayAna mokalavAmAM AvyuM rahe che. hatuM temAM paNa TapAla mekAlAI hatI. jo ke A TapAla kaI upara lakhAI na hatI paNa phakata te yAnamAM TapAla caMdra 9 para TikiTo sAmAnya rIte lagabhaga eka IMca jeTalA kadanI saphara mATe laI jaIne pAchI lAvavAmAM AvI hatI. hoya che. paga jayAre kAgaLa nI khUba kheMca AvI tyAre ezIyAmAM jema jema rAjya svataMtra thatA gayA ane TikiTo eka nAnI aDadhA IMca jeTalI TikiTo chApavI paDI vikAsamAM AgaLa vadhatA gayA tema tema TapAlanI TikiTo hatI. ane atyAre amuka deze to dIvAsaLInA bAkasanI chApa ke sIgareTanA khokhA jeTalI moTI TikiTo paNa chApe che. AkarSaka ane sacitra bahAra pADatA thayA che. ane chellA - 25 varSanI eziyAnA dezonI TikiTa khUbaja suMdara jevA TikiTo laMbacorasa AkAranI jovA maLe che. paNa A uparAMta cekasa, trIkeNa goLa temaja acokakasa AkAranI TikiTo : paNa bahAra paDI che. TikiTo kAgaLa upara chapAya che temaja TikiTa AkarSaka banatI gaI tema tema tene saMgrahavAne elyumInIyamanA kAgaLa vAMLA pheIla upara paNa TikiTo chapAI zekha paNa khUba vyApaka banate game che. paNa phakta TikiTane che. hamaNu hamaNA te "zrI TAImenzana" vALI TikiTo bahAra bahAra bhegI karI rAkhavAthI e zekhane AnaMda maLato nathI. tenAthI paDI che temAM plAsTIkanuM lemInezana karela che. te ulaTAnI keIkavAra TikiTonA DhagalA DUcA jevA lAge che. ane tene pheMkI devAnuM mana thAya che. ane evA zekha upaTikiTanuM chApakAma paNa ghaNI judI judI rIte thAya che. cAlu presanI jema leTara presa paddhatithI TikiTo chapAya rathI mana utarI jAya che. che. A paddhatti ApaNA cAlu rabbara sTempa jevI paddhatti A mATe TikeTa saMgraha samajIne saMbhALIne ane jevI che. temAM upasAvelA bhAga upara zAhI lAge che. ane ' jANIne karavAthI tene rasAsvAda mANI zakAya che. ane kyAe zAhI kAgaLa upara chapAya che. A padhdhati ghaNI judI che. reka Arthika lAbha paNa thAya che. ane atyAre "evara prInTa" karavAnA kAmamAMja vaparAya che te sivAya bahu ja ochI vaparAya che. tyArapachI vikAsa pAme- sAmAnya rIte ApaNA hAthamAM ja TikiTo Ave tene lI lIyAka athavA engava padhdhattithI paNa TikiTo chapAya bhegI karavAnI padhdhatithI TikiTa saMgrahane zekha zarU thAya che. che. jyAre ghaNu raMgamAM TikiTa chApavAnI hoya paNa vadhu Ama karavAthI eka jAtanI ghaNIja Ti ko bhegI thaI jAya che. cokasAInI jarUra na hoya tevA chApakAma vakhate A padhdhatti paNa A vadhu TikiTo bIjA mitro pAse AvI TikiTo na vaparAya che. atyAranI chelalAmAM chelI padhdhati "pheTo jhera hoya temane ApavAmAM kAma Ave che. ane e ja rIte mitro padhdhati che. A phoTo gelvera padhdhatithI TikiTo AkarSaka ane pAse vadhArAnI TikiTo hoya te temanI pAsethI meLavAya che. raMgaberaMgI chApI zakAya che. Ama have TikiTo phakata TapA Ama arasa parasa adala badala karavAthI judI judI jAtanI lanA dara vasula karavAnuM kAma karavA uparAMta kaLAnA namunA vadhune vadhu TikiTo bhegI thAya che. pachI AgaLa jatA amuka ja rUpe khIlI nIkaLI che. dareka TikiTa potAnA dezanI judI dezanI dA.taH- bhAratanI ja ke amuka prasaMganI dA.taH- gAMdhIjI jITI jAtanI mAhitI ApI jAya che. te dezanI bhASA calaNa viSenI ke pachI amuka varSonI dA.ta - bhAratanI svAtaMtrya e patinI hAya pathati Jain Education Interational For Private & Personal use only

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mati saMdarbhe the 623 pahelAMnI ja ke svAtaMtra pachI nI ja eka iveya lakSI TikiTo AnaMdAyaka thaze. vaLI prasaMgopAta citranuM Alekhana TikiTa upara bhegI karavI Ama ekaja viSaya uparanI TikiTo dA.ta. koI vyakitanuM citra hoya to tenuM jIvana ke suvAkaya temanuM sthApatya kalA vizenI ke kulenI ekaThI karavAno zokha vadhu kArya kSetra vagere lakhavAthI jJAna vadhe che. ane AnaMda maLe che. vikAsa pAmato jAya che. TikiTane bhegI karavA mATe kavara nI uparathI kheMcIne TikiTanI DIjhAnaImAM ke tene chApavAmAM bhUla rahI gaI na ukheDatA tenI Aju bAju nA kAgaLa sahita kApI levI hoya che tevI TIki TI amRlya banI jAya che. ane tevI ja ane pachI tene pANImAM be nI devI TikiTa kAgaLa palaLIne rIte khUba ja junI TikiTa baja ochI chapAI ane temAMthI judA paDI jaze. pachI TikiTone pANImAMthI bahAra kADhIne paNa echI vaparAI hoya che. ane eTalI ochI TikiDemAMthI TIMga pepara upara uMdhI rAkhIne sukavI devI TikiTa kATI ghaNI kharI te kacarAma ce lI gaI hoya che. ane bAkInI bahaja gayA vagara nI ane cAre bAjanA kAMgarAmAMthI paNa eka paNa thoDI gaNI goThI ja TikiTo saMgrahamAM rahI javA pAmI che. dAMte tuTele na hoya tevI hovI joie ane AthI TikiTa ne AvI thoDI TikiTo khUbaja kImatI thaI jAya che. dA. ta. khUba saMbhALIne sAcavIne rAkhavI jarUrI che. te mATe junI brITIzagIya nemAM 18pa6 ma. cAra seTanI TikiTo bahAra paDI TikiTa kAgaLa aTaka ge thaI hoya te sAcavaNI tyAre bhUlamAM eka DikeTa " eka" senTanI chapAI gaI AvI mATe khAsa jAtane cIpIo vAparavAmAM Ave che. ane te Tike Ta cAkhA jagatamAM eka ja che, ane tenI kImata 19 cIpIyA vaDe ja TikiTo pakaDavI salADuM bharyuM che. 70mAM nyuyorkamAM hararAjImAM vecAtA rUA. 21 lAkha upajyA TikiTo ekaThI karyA pachI tene deza dezAvaranI judI che. AvI ja rIte moreziyasanI 1843mAM eka pinsa ane paDI te mujaba AlabamanA judA judA pAnA upara caDIne Aii be pensanI TikiTo upara "pesTa peIDa "ne badale "pisTa rAkhavAmAM Ave che. A rIte TikiTo judI pADIne rAkhavAthI AphIsa '' chapAI gayuM. A bAbata 1864mAM khyAlamAM bhaugelika jJAna ghaNuM ja vadhe che. ane gammata sAthe jJAna AvI. ane te vakhate tapa!pa karatAM jaNAyuM ke 1 pinsanI prApta thAya che te la vAya TikiTone TikiTa upara darzAvela 14 TikiTo ane be pensanI 12 TikiTo ema kule 26 viSaya pramANe paNa goThavAya che. dA. ta. svAtaMtrya viro TikiTo bacavA pAmI che. bAkInI badhI kacarA peTImAM cAlI kavIe sa tA pANIe sthApapa vagere AvI rIte bhegI gai harA. A banne TikiTa muMbaInA eka vepArI upara karelI TikiTone judA judA pAnA upara caDavI ane te pAnA 4 1"3"Ara_1 10 nA roja lebala kavara upara che. ane upara te viSayanuM nAma lakhavuM. e hajI sArI sitamAM maLI Avela che. tethI te khuba AbamamAM TikiTone ceDavA mATe suMdara ke lAhI na ! | kiMmatI gaNAya che. ane 1968mAM A kavara rUA. 28, 10, vAparatAM te mATe baTara peparanA caMdaravALA nAnA TukaDA Ave 000, mAM gAyuM hatuM. che tene "hIM jI " kahe che te vAparavA jarUrI che tethI TiTi bagaDaze nahIM ane jeTalI TikiTa pharI ukheDavI hoya A sivAya nAnI moTI TikiTo ochI vattI saMkhyAmAM te paNa saraLatA raheze. hoya tethI athavA nAnI moTI bhUla rahI javA pAmI hoya tethI kiMmatI TikiTo banI jAya che. te mATe TikiTa saMgrAhake Ama chatAM TikiTane phakata AlabamanA pAnA upara jhINavaTa bharI rIte abhyAsathI TikiTo jevI jarUrI rahe che. coTADI devAthI TikiTo jonArane khAsa kaMi ja jJAna maLatuM ApaNe tyAM 1950mAM gAMdhIjInI rasa 10 dasanI eka TikiTa nathI. te mATe dareka TikiTanI nIce ke bAjumAM te TikiTanA bahAra paDI te khUba ochI vecAI che. ane tethI tenI kiMmata viSe viga vAra la ma Na lakhavuM jarUrI che. A lakhANunI viga lagabhaga ekase rUyiyA jeTalI che. temAM TikiTa kaI tArIkhe kayAM bahAra paDI, te kyAM prasaMge bahAra paDI, tenI sAIjha ane padhdhati e chapAI che te ane kula keTa Ama TapAlanI TikiTa pRthvInA koIpaNa cheDethI bIje lI Ti Te baha ra paDI che te jaNAvavuM dayA kAgaLa upara TikiTa cheDe TapAla pahoMcADavA uparAMta te dezanA nAnakaDA pratinidhi chapAI che ane tene cAre bAju keTalAka garA che te paNa jANavuM tarIke te dezanI yazagAthA paNa rahI jAya che. vika jJAna ghaNuM TikiTane TikiTa vaya igaI hazerAnA re Jain Education Intemational

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124 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 0000000-0000cccccc0900000000000sco...000000 000000000000000000000000000000000-000000000 Cable : KHOPZELTEL Phoce : 320354 PHONE : OFFCE : 321843 REST : 381024 NIRU ENGINEERING Shah Kapurchand Velji & Co. EXPORTERS & IMPORTERS MILL STORES OOOOOOOOOOOCsococcocese........cosCOCCCOCO Exporters of : Engineering Goods, Chemicals, Minerals, Leather Products, Spices, Oil Cakes Ete. 8 HARDWARE, TOOLS BALL & ROLLER BFAR8 INGS, PIPE & PIPEFUITINGS, RUBBER BELTING * MILL STORET & GENERAL MERCHANIS 22. SARANG STREET, BOMBAY 400 003. 30, Samuel St., Ist flr. Vadgadi, IOMBAY-3 COCO000000000000000000000000000Soceco0000000000000000000000000000000.oooooooooooooooooo00000000000000oooooooo 1900-000000000000-000ccocooo..000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000050ccosococcos.occo...oooo00oCCOOOOOO 80200000000000000000000000000000000 FOR BEST ADVICE With Best Compliment From Cram : KANTI Phone : 252 & 25 The Kanti Cotton Mills Private Limited SURENDRANAGAR 363 coi through specialised knowledge and superb service in Life Insurance it will pay you to consult the man on spot DUSHYANT C. SHAH B. COM. Who has won the distinction as a "Man of the Century" from L.II. C. having completed the largest volume of business in the 100 year's history of Life Insurance In India, amounting to over Rs. 2,10,00,000 during 1970/71 Manufacturers & Exporters of GREY LONG CLOTH, SHEETING, DRILL, DOSUTI, DEDSUTI, PRINTED POPLINS, SHIRTING CANVAS Office: Lentin Chambers, Dalal Street, BOMPAY-1, Tel : 254376 Residence : "Kum-Kum" S. V. Read, FOMBAY-56. Tel.: 572308 YARN IN VARIOUS COUNTB SINGLE & FOLDED. & SIZED BEAMS. 7000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jain Education Intemational

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ezIyAno vyApAra ane rAjakAraNa parano teno prabhAva gAlDasmithe eka vakhata peAtAnAM vicAremAM vyApAra viSe khUba ja sakSiptamAM paraMtu sacATa rIte abhiprAya darzAvela ke Honour sinks where commerce long prevails' arthAta jyAM vyApAranI melabAlA lAMbI cAle tyAM imAnadArI khAvAi jAya che. atyAranuM koi paNa svata Mtra rASTra A prakArane tabakako mATe bhAge anubhavI cukayu haze. vyApAra ane rAjakAraNa lagabhaga kAya kAraNu jevAM, purA gAmI anugAmI jevAM saMbadhA dharAve che. AjanA vyApAra mahuttama ArthIka naphA paratve kendrIta thayela che te Ajanu rAjakAraNu adhikatama vyaktigata svArtha paratve kendrI bhUta thayelu che. jema saMskRta subhASitAmAM vadarAja ane yamarAjane saheAdarA gaNyA che tema huM vyApArIo ane rAjakAraNIone saheAdara ja gaNu chuM chatAM tee saheAdara hAvAnA inkAra kare te junI-navInAM ane eki tAnA nAte te saheAdara hAvAnAM ja jema cu'TaNImAM pelAM vacanA ane dekhADelI AMbA-AMbalIAnI rAjakAraNIone vismRti thai jAya che tema navA varasanAM cApaDA lakhatI veLAe zrI1A ke jenA sAMketika arthAM rUpiye cAra AnA ke cAra paisAnA naphe levA tema thAya che. e bAbatane paNa bicArA vyApArIe vismarI bese che. "Long Before Europe had discovered Asia, asia had discovered europe' '' arthAta yurApe spezIyAnI zodha karI e pahelAM ghaNA samaya pUrve ezIyAe yuropanI zeAdha karI lIdhI hatI. ane A A zeAdha vyApArI pravRttithI ja vega pAmI zakI hatI. amadAvAdathI 50 mAila naiRtyamAMthI je lothalanAM avazeSo maLyA che te kAThIyAvADa, sumera ane baherInanAM baMdarAnAM AMtara vyApAra saMbaMdhonuM sucana karI jAya che. bhAratanAM purAtatva sarvekSaNa khAtAnAM pramukha zrI esa. Ara. rAve evuM aMghaTana Apela ke ijipta ane irAkanAM lokone jarUrI evI ghaNI vyApArI vastue lAthalamAM banatI hatI. ane dariyAnI pelepAranAM rASTro sAthe te vyApArI pravRttinAM mAdhyama dvArA joDAyelu hatu. 16. zrI caMdrakAnta eca. joSI khAsa karI ne kAMsAyugamAM pazcima eziyAnAM deze sAthe lothalane vyApArI saMbaMdha ghaNA ja dhaniSTha hatA. uttara sIrIyAnAM dariyA kinAre rAsa samarAmAMthI leAthalanI banAvaTanI hAthI dAMtanI lAkaDIe maLI Ave che. Aje bhArata ane pazcima ezIyA vacce vyApAra vikasyA che. bannenAM videza vyApAramAM dina pratidina vRddhi thatI jAya che. Araba jagata sAthenAM bhAratanAM vyApArI saMbadhA pAMca hajAra varSothI paNa vadhAre prAcIna che. sIrIyA ane lebeneAna tarIke Aje ALakhAtA te vakhatanAM phenezIyAnAM sedAgaro itihAsanAM AraMbhakALathI ja vyApAra mATe bhUmadhya samudra ane jIbrAlTaranI sAmudradhunI PILLARS OF HERCULES sudhI ane tethI paNa AgaLa pazcimamAM brITana sudhI pahoMcI gayAM hatAM ane vyA Aje kauTilyanAM artha zAstra"ne kuTIla ane dAvapecavALuM gaNAvatAM kayA rAjakAraNIe " rAjanItizAstra " nAM siddhAMtene anusare che ? kayA vyApArIe sAtvika ane pragatizIla vyApAranAM siddhAMtAnu pAlana kare che ? vyApAra ane rAjakAraNa je eTalAM adhA kALA banI gayA che ke have kaI vadhu kalaMka tene lAgI zake 'tema nathI. mIrApArI pravRtine lIdhe ja sIrIyA tathA TakI jevAM ezIyAnAM rASTro ane krITanI mIneAna saMskRti vacce gADha sapa hatA kAraNa ke I. sa. pUrve 6DI ane 7mAM sadImAM tA zrIke lekoe TakI nA kinAre potAnAM saMsthAne paNa sthApI dIdhelAM jyAre vyApArI pravRttionAM gIta AzayathI eziyAnI prathama aMtiGAsika ane sAhasika yAtrA sikaMdare karI. khAi jema kahetI ke huM kALA kAmaLo, dujo dAdha na lAge koi " e na vyApArIe ane rAjakAraNIe bhedI burakhA paherIne peAtAnI dArUchu lIlA karavA nIkaLI paDyA che. te ezIyA khaMDanAM anusaMdhAnamAM ja e banne pAsAoneA ApaNe abhyAsa karIe ane ezIyAnA vyApAra kevA che. tenu svarUpa prAcIna kALAmAM zuM hatu, Aje kevu che. AyAta-nIkAzanAM vyApAranI samatulA, rAjakAraNanA prabhAva viviSe vicArIe. ezIyAnA prAkRtika vAtAvaraNu PHUSICAL ENVIRONMENT ne lIdhe tenAM vyApAra ane udyogamAM 1'Asia' L. Dudley Stamp P. 56 Methen ezIyAnI vyApArI pravRtti, prAcIna, samayathI ja vyApaka pramANamAM prasarelI hatI, DaDalI sTempe jaNAvyu che ke 3 Co. London 1962

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 DI muzkelIo ubhI thAya che. yuropanAM rASTre samudranuM de. sAthe thAya che. ane khaMDanA kula vyAyAranAM 25%thI paNa sannidhya meLavI zake che. jyAre eziyAne madhyane ghaNe vadhu vyApAra vAya ya yuropanAM rA sAthe karavAmAM Ave che. bhAga samudrathI dUra pheMkAyele jaNAya che. haju paNa ghaNA bhAge jyAre yu esa. e sAthe kula vyApAranAM 20% jeTale vAhana vyavaharanAM vikAsanAM abhAve ane durgama pahADe yApAra hAtha dharAya che. suejha naheranuM nirmANa e eziyA tathA jaMgalene lIdhe rahasyamaya rahyAM che. agamya rahyAM che. khaMDanA vyApArane judo ja vaLAMka Apa jArI rAjakIya ghaTanA khaMDano ghaNe bhAga uttaramAM che. jyAMnI AbohavA mAtra gaNAvI zakAya. tenAthI ezIyAnAM vyApArane khUba ja vega khetI mATe ja nahi paranuM mAnava Arogya ane kAryakSamatA maLyA ane vyApArI samatulAnuM pAsu vadhu majabuta ane mATe paNa pratikuLa che. mAtra tenAM agni vibhAga nI Abe- tarapheNanuM FAVOUR \BLE ane BENE. iCi L havA anukULa gaNI zakAya chatAM khetInI pedAzo sArA banI gayuM suejha mArgathI paNa Arthika lAbha thayo kAra | pramANamAM levAya che. tethI vyApArane vega maLe che, ke suejha mArga pazcimamAM yuropamAMthI pUva mAM isTa AphrikA dA. ta. vizvanA 95 TakA cekhA eziyA ugADe che. jyAre ane osTreliyA tarapha jAya che. ane jIgna 98ra mArA, piorTa cA, zaNa rambara ane telIbIyAmAM tene ekAdhikAra che. Ida, eDana, bee kola jAkArtA vi. tenAM paranAM baMdare vizvanI zeraDInAM utpAdanane ke ezIyA eTale ja Ape gaNI zakAya ezIyAnAM agatyanAM baMdaro paNa temAM che. che. vaLI kapAsa ugADatAM khaMDenI aMdara eziyA khaMDane bhArata cAInA jApAna inDonezIyA vi jevA ezIyAnAM bIjo naMbara che. A siddhiothI eziyAnAM vyAyAramAM rA mATe e ghaNuM ja lAbhadAyaka che. kAraNa ke yuropanI prANa pUrAyA che. badhI sTImara ane amerIkAnI paNa bhAganI sTImare A mArgoethI pasAra thAya che temAM madhya pUrvanA "sa karIne ezIyAnAM vyApAramAM je kheta pedAzonuM sthAna mahatvanuM I lAmI blekanAM peTrolIyamanI heraphera karanArA Tekara jahAche tevA pAkonuM tanI che to te haLanI jamInanuM pramANa jenuM pramANa vadhu hoya che. esTrelIyAnI TapAla musApharo ezIyA ane vizvamAM keTaluM che tene khyAla tulanAtmaka mAla sAmAna vi. bharIne yuropa jatI sTImaranI lagabhaga AMkaDA parathI AvI zakaze. aDadhI sTImare ahiM thaIne ja pasAra thatI hoya che. jemAM bAkI pAka utpAdana ( milIyana TanamAM) khetIno vistAra ghauM, mAMsa, una vi. jevA mAla sAmAna nI heraphera tha nI hoya che. (mIlIyana hekaaramAM) Ama vAhana vyavahAre. ezIyana - vyApAranuM svarUpa nakakI karavAmAM ghaNuM ja mahatvano bhAga bhajavela mAluma paDe che. ezIyA khaMDanAM ezIyA vizva ezIya: vizva. vyApArI valaNa TRENDSnuM nIce mujaba vize zuM karI zakAya. 31 36 200 pazIyana-ga9phanAM dezo peTrolIyama u , khajUra, cAmaDAM, java 93. 63 kAmaLA vi.nI nIkAza kare che. bhAratadeza kapAsa, cAmaDAM, makAI 12 224 12 109 telIbIyA, cA, megenI zaNu tathA zaNanI vastu che, nALIyera nAna dhAnya 18 72 38 cokhA 138 240 nAM kAthInAM doraDAM vi. nI yuropanA dezomAM nIkAza kare che. 89 barmA, thAIlenDa, hindIthIna vi jevA rASTre moTe bhAge kapAsa 2 11 11 telIbIyA 14 cekhAnI nI za kare che. uparAMta sAganuM lAkaDuM, TIna, theDA 76 28 kaThoLa pramANamAM peTrolIyama vi.nI paNa nIkAza kare che. 29 11 21 sIMgAporamAMthI rambara, TIna tathA masAlA ane tejAkoI paNa dezanAM ke khaMDanAM vyApAra para AgaLa joyuM nAnAM TApue-tarIke oLakhA i InDo nezIyAmAMthI svAbha - tema prAkRtika vAtAvaraNa AbohavA vi. paribaLo uparAMta vika rIte ja tejAnA, tamAku, khAMDa, kophI, TIna tathA nALIuparAMta vAhana vyavahAranA paNuM u DI asara jaNAtA hoya che. yeranAM gabha gIrInI nIkAza thAya che. phIlIpAIna nALIyera, ezIyA khaMDanA AMtarika vyApAra ane ekatara rASTriya vyApAra taka pi nI mALA kare che tamAku. vi.nI : kAza kare che. jyAre jApAna cA tathA kAcA ke pA para vAhanavyavahArane prabhAva spaSTa rIte daSTi gocara thAya che. rezamanI pazcima yuropanAM rASTromAM nIkAza kare che. ezIyA khaMDane moTA bhAgane vepAra dariyAI raste pazcimI 2 " Economic Commercial Geography" jyAre ezIyAnAM A deze yuropanAM rASTromAMthI ane A Das gupta P. 504 khAsa karIne IMglenDamAMthI le maDa palAdanI sAmagrI, relve ejIna, yaMtra, rasAyaNa kApaDa vi. nI AyAta kare che. Ama A Mukhertee Co Calctta-1964 eziyAkhaMDa tathA yure pakhaMDane paraspara vyApAra ghaNuM ja moTA 3 * * P. 506 pAyA para ane samRdhdha gaNAvI zakAya. ghauM. 120 34 Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 6 27 agni ezIyAnAM dezo uttara amerIkAmAM tamAku, IrAnanAM zAhane te bane vikalpa samAna hItAvahI jaNAya tejAnA, TIna, cokhA, rambara, zaga vi. nI nIkAza kare che. che. vikalpa pasaMdagI e yuropane mAthe bhAra mUkI dIdho che. ane bhAratamAMthI cA, zaNa, meMgenIjha ane sIlenamAMthI tyAM utpAdana bamaNuM karavAmAM moTA pAyA para rAkSasI kadanuM mUDI cA grephAITa vi. mekavAmAM Ave che. rokANa karavuM paDe tema che. vaLI 1980mAM eTale ke 6 varasa pachI lIjhapaTTo pUro thato hovAthI rokela mUDInuM vaLatara paNa ezIyAnAM moTA bhAganAM rASTromAM vyApArI kSetre nIkAza pUrU nA maLe vaLI kaI khAtrI ke geraMTI paNa nathI ke IrAna karatAM AyAtanuM pramANa vadhI gayuM che. tenAthI tenI vyApArI gavarnamenTa A gALAnI adhavacce rASTriya karaNa nahi kare sama lAmAM jANe ke eka kAyamI vikSepa ubhe thayela che. Ama have je IrAna sarakArane badhI kaMpanIo seMpavA teo teyAra chatAM ezIyAnAM dezane AMtara dezIya prAMtIya ane aMtara thAya te badalAmAM tenuM je vaLatara che te sapramANa nahi paraMtu vyApAra paraspara vyApArI saMdhIo ane samajUtithI ghaNA mAtra kansezana ke rAhata jevuM ja ApavAnuM IrAnI zAhe vadhI zake che. bhaviSyamAM te uttamottama pragati karI zakaze. spaSTa karIne temane vimAsaNamAM mUkI dIdhA che. ane pazcima rASTro sAthe spardhAmAM utarI zake tevI vyApArI sadadharatA paNa ubhI karI zakaze. IrAnanAM peTrolIyama vyApAranAM polITIksanI romAMcaka suejha nahera banavAne lIdhe bhArata tathA IglenDanI be bInA te e che ke atyAra sudhI pazcimI tela kaMpanIo bIjA Araba deze tathA pazcimI ezIyAnAM dezonI saramusApharImAM samaya tathA aMtara banete ghaTADo thaye aMtara 4,0 0 mAIla ochu thaI gayuM. ane musApharImAM pahelA khAmaNImAM IrAnanAM zAhane vadhu najIkamAM niSThAvAna mitra karatAM 15 divase ochA lAge che. e ja rIte IMglenDa ane gaNatI hatI paNa teNe ja akaLAvanAre ghaDAke karyo che osTrelIyA vaccenuM aMtara paNa ghaTI gayuM parva ezIyA have samaye potAnuM vaheNa badalyuM che. IrAnanAM zAhe ane yuropa paNa jANe ke najIka AvI gayAM. eja rIte pitAne abhiprAya badale che. rASTra vikAsanAM bhege kaI uttara amerIkAnA pUrva kinArAthI pUrva eziyAnuM aMtara paNa sadAbAjI tene khapatI nathI. lagabhaga traNa hajAra mAIla jeTaluM ghaTI gayuM. tethI svAbhAvika moTA bhAganAM Araba rASTroe tela kaMpanIonuM rASTriya re te temanI vaccenAM vyApArane vega maLe. khAsa karIne IDA, karaNa karI nAkhyuM che. lIbIyAe te thaDA varSo pahelAM badhA mAMsa, phaLe, murabbA, mAkhaNa, panIra vi. jevI jaladIthI tela bhaMDArenuM paNa rASTriya karaNa karI nAkhyuM che. irAke bagaDI jatI vastuo ke je haju sudhI heraphera karI zakAtI na pitAnAM rAkSasI tela utpAdaka saMghane prabaMdha sarakAra hastaka hatI. te paNa have zakya banyuM. karI nAMkhe che. vidhana rASTro jyAre peTrolIyamanI achataezIyAnAM vyApAranI eka ja vastu evI che ke jenAthI mAMthI pasAra thaI rahyA che tyAre ja Araba dezoe vaLate rAjakAraNa ghasamasatuM Ave che. pazcima eziyAnAM IslAmI phaTake mArIne rASTriya kara ne rAha apanAvyo che. jApAnanI plekanA paTelIyama ke " kALA senA nAM bhaMDAre vizvanI audyaugika pragati atyAranA dare cAlu ja rahe che tene A mahAsattAonuM AkarSaNa banI gayAM che. audyogika yuropa bhaMDAranAM 80 bhaMDAranI jarUra raheze ) bAkInAM 20: bhaMDAra che tenuM mahatva savizeSa che. Aje te peTrolIyama preje. meLavavA mATe vizvanA tamAma rASTra kevuM gaMdu rAjakAraNa kaTane badale jANe ke peTrolIyama piolITIkasa ubhuM thayeluM je vA rame ane 80% meLavavA jApAna kevI mathAmaNa kare gaDamaLe che. bIjI mahAsattAo ane khAsa karIne yuropane mathale kare tenI kalpanA karIe te paNa ezIyAnA vyApazcima ezIyAnAM rAjakAraNamAM vadhu dIlacaspI che. peTrolIyama pAramAM rAjakAraNanI raMgoLI purAI hoya tevuM citra upasI utpAdaka rAkTane paNa have petAnuM ArthIika ane rAjakiya Ave che. jApAna jevAM audyogika ane peTrolIyamanI jarUra mahatva samajAyuM che. tethI vizvanI koI paNa mahAsattA sAthenI jevA ghaNuM rAkhyuM che tethI kadAca vyApArI kSetra kurUkSetra banI vaTAghATAnI ane sodAbAjInI taka teo have gumAvavA taiyAra jAya ane rAjakAraNa khaTapaTanuM tIrthadhAma banI jAya, nathI. thoDA semaya pahelAM IrAnanA zAhe pazcimI rASTranI tela kaMpanIo mATe eka navI ja celenja ubhI karI che. jyAre bIjI bAjue ja gatie ane rIte pazcimanAM teNe be vikalpa temanI sAme rajU karyA che ke "kAMta telanuM pragatizIla rAjanIpuNa rASTro madhyapUrvamAMthI tela meLavatAM utpAdana bamaNuM karI Apo athavA badhI tela kaMpanIo hatAM e have zakya nathI rahyuM to trIjI bAjue yuropanAM IrAna sarakArane sopIdyo" have je utpAdana kSamatA bamaNI majhIyAre bajAranAM rASTra evuM vicArI rahyA che ke telanAM karavA hoya te dararoja 80 lAkha berala khanIja tela kuvA- sedA sIdhA ja tela bhaMDAro dharAvatAM dezo sAthe ja hAtha emAMthI kADhavuM joIe tema na kare e badhuM vahIvaTa IrAna dharavAM vacce dalAle jevI tela kaMpanIone na rAkhavI have pitAnAM hAthamAM laI kansekazana bhAve yuropanAM rASTrone Ape je Ama thAya te A tela kaMpanIone mahatvanuM sthAna Jain Education Intemational

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128 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 jALavAnI guMgaLAmaNa ubhI thAya che, vizvanI bIjI mahAsattA paNa mUkI devAmAM AvatuM senA-cAMdIne vyApAra khethI thatuM enI jema cAInA paNa madhya pUrvamAM paga pesAro karavAmAM Avyo che. nAnA baMdaroe AyAta karatAM nIkAza vadhu thAya peMtarAmAM paDI gayuM che, AphrikAnAM ane ArabadezamAM cIna che, kAraNake nAnA baMdare thI mAla laIne bIjA nAnA baMdare je jhaDape ane je valaNathI paga pesAro karI rahyuM che te parathI utAravAne badale moTA baMdare utArIne Arthika lAbha meLavI pazcimanAM mutsaddI rAjanIti kare evuM anumAna bAMdhI levAmAM Ave che rahyAM che ke razIyA ane amerIkAnI jema cAInA ahi trIju rAjakiya paribaLa banIne vyApAra para potAne sAmyavAdI prathama vizvayuddha pahelAM bhArata pAkistAna nI nIkAzanAM oLa bIchAvI deze. vaLI vadhatI jatI. la-jarUrIyAtone 25/. brITana 176 . brITIza rAjyamAM 7/. yu. esa. e lIdhe amerIkA ane jApAna vacce kaDavAza pedA thAya ke junuM ane 7 . jApAnamAM jatI hatI. jyAre AyAta karI temAM suteluM vera jAgI uThe te paNa navAI nahi gaNAya. TUMkamAM braTanamAMthI 63/. brITIza rAjya mAMthI 7* yu. esa e tAtparya e che ke mahAsattAo, samRdha deze ane Araba * mAMthI 34. ane jApAnamAMthI 21. maMgavAtI tI, jagatanAM paraspara rAjadvArI saMbaMdhano AdhAra Akhare A - bIjA vizvayuddha vakhate yuropa jyAre muzkelImAM mukAI telanAM vyApAra para avalaMbana dharAve che. tethI ja madhyapUrvanuM gayuM tyAre yu. esa. e e A taka jhaDapI lIdho, bhAratamAMthI tela e ezIyAnI AMtara rASTriya vyApAra-pravRttinI vastu teNe kula thatI nIkAzanAM 7:/. ne badale 26.' lIdhI ane banavAne badale AMtara rAyi rAjakAraNane hAthe banIne potAnI bhAratamAM thatA AyAtanuM pramANa 3 . mAMthI 28. ca ne cakaDoLe caDI rahyuM che. peTrolIyama utpAdaka rASTro karI nAMkhI. jApAnanuM koI mahatva na rahyuM ane bhAratamAMthI rAjakAraNanAM laMgoTIone AkhA banI gayAM che. brITanI aAyAta 25' . eNITIza rAjya nI 17','. eTale ke hatI teTalI ja rahI jyAre brITana bhAratamAM je 63". 1 TakI nI nIkAzamAM ghauM, kapAsa, tamAku, phaLa suke nakAza karatuM hatuM te ghaTIne 28. thaI gaI. eja paristhiti meLo, aphINa, IDA, kumAveluM cAmaDuM vi. che. jyAre AyAtamAM brITIza rAjyonI thaI che ke teo e pramANa 7. mAMthI taiyAra mAla sAmAna ane ghaunI achata hoya te ghauMnI paNa 27 TakA karI zakyAM. paNa yu. esa. e. nAM vadhArAnI AyAta thAya che. brITana phAsa, ITalI ane jarmana sAthe TakI sarakhAmaNImAM TIza rAjya no A vadhAro najIvo gaNAvI vyApArI saMbaMdhathI joDAyeluM che. irAnanAM vyApAramAM phaLa, zakAya. bhArata je AyAta karatuM nuM .mAM IrAnanAM peTrolIyama una, cAmaDAM. kapAsa, vi. nI nIkAza thAya che jayAre AyAtamAM nuM vizeSa mahatva hatuM je kimatanI draSTi e kula AyAtanAM sutarAu kApaDa te bhArata ane mAMcesTaramAMthI maMgAve che. 19'. hatuM atyAre baMgalA deza zaNamAM ane pazcima pAkistAna aphaghAnIstAnane vyApAra ane raziyana-TakI sAthe thAya che. kapAsanAM vyApa rI AgaLa che. 1954 mAM te vakhatanAM sutarAu kApaDa, raMga, meTara, cA, zIvavAnAM saMcA, kAgaLa pUrva-pAkistAnanI nIkAzamAM zaNanuM pramANa 48. hatuM ane tathA sImenTa vi. nI te AcAta kare che. jyAre una, phaLa, pazcima pAkistAna nI nIkA mAM kapAsanuM pramANa 43'. hatuM sUko mevo masAlA vi. bhArata ane pAkistAnane mokale che. jyAre nIkAzamAM bIjI cA, una mAchalAM, cAmaDA vi. jevI jyAre kapAsa razIyAne mokale che. bhArata ane pAkistAna vastu onuM pramANa ochuM hatuM. bhAratanAM upakhaMDanA boe te vyApAra mATe bhAge dariyAI rasate 95% jeTaluM thAya che. kalakattA ne karAMcI tathA madrAsa e cAra agatyanAM vyApArI dariyAI vyApAra beo, kanekattA, karAMcI ane madrAsa jevA vyApArI baMdaronAM pITha pradeza tarIke A upakhaMDa gaNAvI baMdaro ethI thAya che. bIjA nAnA ba derAmAM cATa gAva; zakAya. ke je ochA vattA pramANamAM cAre baMdaro ne phALavI vIzAkhA- paTTanama, tUtIkorIna graMlima, kocIna, kAlIkaTa, zakAya che. karAcI pAkistAnamAM jatAM bhArata sarakAre 620 cokhA vi gaNAvI zakAya, 1927 thI 37 sudhIno vyApAra ane sIDInAM pIDha pradezanAM aMdara. sonA cAMdInA bhAvanA vinimaya dara pramANe vadhato-ghaTate hate vikasAvyA che. pahelAM kada thI 8 9hI sudhIno vyApArI pradeza tyAre mAthAdITa nIkAzanuM pramANu eka pauDa ke sADA sAta karAMcI baMdarane pITha pradeza hato have kaMDalAno pIDa pradeza Delara jeTaluM hatuM. prathama vizvayuddha pahelAM bhArata ane barmA banyo che. kalakattA baMdara pUrvanA samRddha kelasA kSetre ane sAthe joDAyelAM hatAM tethI cokhAnI nIkAza vadhu thatI hatI gaMgA khINanAM samRdhdha pradezanI sevA kare che AsAma nA bhAgalAM pahelAM 1945-46 mAM 2/3 bhAganI nIkAza kALe bagIcA tathA zaNu ane cokhAnuM paNa te vyApArI baMdara che. mAla tamAku, anya sAmagrI vi. hatAM nIkAzamAM kula mAlanAM 25 zaNu, 11% sutarAu kApaDa, 15% cAM, 6. kapAsa atyAranAM baMgalA dezane bhAgalA vakhate koI adyatana 6% kAcurNa, 5% cAmaDAM 3% rabara, 25% phaLe vi. hatAM vyApArI baMdara na hovAthI cItAgAMgane vikasAvavAmAM AveluM 1931 sudhI leke rUpiyA beMkamAM rAkhatAM ane sonAnA bhAvamAM khulanA; nArAyaNa gaMja vi. ne paNa A mATe agrImatA uchALo AvatAM te vaMcI naMkhAtuM ghaNIvAra sonAne nIkAzamAM 4 "Asia" L. pudley Stamp P. 257 AnuM pramANa ochuM , karAMcI ane samaya che. 1 kAcuthaNa, Saa beMkamAM rAkhatAM ane kAzamAM Jain Education Intemational

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ati saMdarbha graMtha ApavAmAM AvI. kocInane paNa vyApAranAM moTA vistArano cAInAnAM vyApAranI paristhitimAM tenAM udyogo lAbha maLe che, be be kalakattA, madrAsa ane kecIna tathA agatyano bhAga bhajave che. videzI vyApAra mATenI TrITI kuMDalA, vijhAkhA paTTanam A che meTA vyApArI baMdaro para porTasa cAIna para bahArathI lAdavAmAM AvI tyArathI athavA kendrIya sarakArano aMkuza che. A dariyAI vyApAra jeTale 1895 mAM jApAna, razIyA brITana jarmanI ane phrAnsanI jamIna vyApAra vizALa nathI, relavethI balucIstAna thaIne IrAna vacce ' kansezana" nI mathAmaNa thaI tyArathI cAInAmAM maibaraghATamAM thI 2 phadhAnIstA ! kAma ramAM thaIne eziyAnAM audyogika krAMti thaI. moTe bhAge videzI o dvArA cAlatA madhyanAM rASTro ane tIbeTa, nepALa, khAsa dArjilIMga thaIne zAMdhAI jevA kinArAnAM zaheranuM udyoganuM AdhunIka ke drIkaraNa tIbeTa sAthe jamIna vyApAra khIle che." 1937 nI "sAIne--jApAnIjha vAra sudhI viziSTa rahyuM razIyAnAM vyApAranI paristhitine vicAra karIe te hatuM. ane sutarAu kApaDanAM udyoganI ane vyApAranI zarUAta bIjA vizvayuddha pachI razIyAnAM audyogika kSetramAM ghaNA pravA- thaI sI gayelAM paraMtu A samaya pahelAM I. sa. 1593 mAM be hajAra varasa pahelAM cAInA yuropanA dezomAM rezamanI vyApAra mATe sau prathama pravAsIo jyAre razIyAnAM AvyA nIkAza karatuM hatuM. vyApAranAM 50 . vyApAra zAMdhAI mAraphata tyAre e samaye trAsavAdI IvAnanuM rAjya pravartatuM hatuM. ane the. kenTana, DAIrena vi. jevA badhA ba dare maLI ne 90:/. yaramAka jItI levAmAM AvyuM hatuM. pahelAM pravAsI-vyApArI vyApAra saMbhALe che. 1937 nAM jApAnIjha AkramaNa pachI o razIyAmAM Fur karanAM (samUra ) vyApArathI lalacAI ne vyApAranuM AkhuM citra badalAI gayuM TITI-- pasanuM koI AvelAM hatAM. ane A vyApArIo vyApAra daramyAna potAne mahatva nathI rahyuM Trade through chicas Portion of kSaNa ane salAmatI maLI rahe e mATe sAthe Costacks the Iron curtain is steadily growing 9 rakSako paNa lAvelAM 1648 sudhI sAIbIrIyane upayoga pitAnAM videzI vyApAranI vRddhi mATe hamezAM vyApArIonAM nAme ghUsI gayelAM dhArmika ane rAjanaitika prayatno karyA che. vastInAM praznanAM samAdhAna mATe ane AyAta aparAdhIone kALApANInI sajA karavA mATe thato hato. meM karela vastuonI kiMmata cukavavA mATe tene nIkAza dvArA vyApAra tyAM dara pUva mAM che. A baMdara ane khAvAvaska vadhAravAmAM ghaNe rasa che. hamezA navA pradezano zodhamAM vi. agatyanAM 9 ! . . . kendro che. huM TrAnsa sAbIrIyana, : - ane sArathinA rahevAne lIdhe jApAnI-vyApAra, viva. vyApaka banI gayo che. 9. AmUra nadIne pAra kare che rAjanaitika rahedanAM pheraphAre pitAnI nIkAzanAM 33. yu. esa. e 25:/. cAInA ane ja e vyApAramAM paNa noMdha pAtra parivata na ApyuM che. 10. kRAnsane ekale che. vyApAramAM rezamanuM ghaNuM ja mahatva sAIbIrIyAnAM vyApAramAM f ur saithI mahatvanI cIja gaNAya che ApaNuM kAlIdAse lakhela rAkurata mAM paNa rezamane che. samUhanA vyApAranuM mUlyAMkana karavuM muzkela che. kAraNa ke mATI * rInA " tarIke ullekha karyo che. te kadAca cInanuM azaka bhAganu samUha yuropIyana raziyA ane eziyAnA dezomAM thaIne eTale ke rezama haze. mokalAvavAmAM Ave che, 1935nA aMdAja pramANe samRhanA AMtara rASTriya vyApAramAM sevIyeTa, razIyAnuM 30 jeTaluM pradAna ezIyAnAM vyApAranuM svarUpa paristhiti, vaNe AyAta hatuM. + nIkAza vyApArI samatulA bhAvi-vikAsanI zakyatA vi. badhuM sAIbIrIyana relvenI pAchaLa razIyara sarakAre vIza karoDa jANyA pachI ezIyAnI prAcIna samayanI vyApArI pravRtio pauDano kharca karIne sAIbIrIyAnA bIjA pradezo sAthenAM vyApArI paradezI dharmAcAryonAM svarUpamAM AvelA vyApArIo temanI dvArA khulA mUkA, turkastAnanI nIkAza yuropIya razIyAmAM * vyApArI ane rAjakAraNanI pravRti vi. viSe jANIe. thAya che, lenIna greTa ane eskethI tAzkada ane tyAMthI eka yAnI prathama yAtrA sIkaMdare karI te ApaNe joyuM samarakada sudhI sIdhe relave mArga che kApIyana samudra ane TakI thaIne Isasa pAse darAyasanI senAne harAvIne pitAnA TrAnsakAzmIyana relave dvArA paNa vyApAra thAya che, turkastAnane kAphalA sAthe sIrIyA ane phenezIyA pahoMcI dajalA athavA marAna tathA aphadhAnIstAna sAthe vyApAra maryAdita che; tethI yukreTIsa nadI oLaMgI AgaLa vadhyo ane tenI yAtrA sAtheja rAjanaitika saMbaMdha uparAMta rIyana TakIno razIyA sAthe no vyApArI pravati vikasatI gaI. atyAranAM AMU DARyA vyApAra svAbhAvika che. tarIke 0XUSnI khINamAM ane tyArabAda hindukuza oLaMgI 4 Asia' P. 274 L. Dudley Stamp. sIdhuMnI khINamAM bIyAsa ane satalaja nadInAM saMgama * Asia' P. 677 L. Dudley Stamp SS ludustrialigation of the Western Paei + Asia P. 683 fie' K. L. Mitchell (New-york Inst Pacific relations 1942 ) * "ziyALa moja' P 636 jevIer 1959 senTrala buka Depo ilAhAbAda. 7 " Asia ' L. Dudley Stamp P. 524 ne mokale che. vyApArama karavuM muzkela che. kAraNa ke tema che Jain Education Intenational For Private & Personal use only

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630 eziyAnma bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 para ane bebIlonIyAnA raNamAM thaIne pAcho vaLe tenI AzIrvAda rUpa hatAM garama masAlA dariyAI mage ane rezama IcchA ezIyAne yuropamAM bheLavI devAnI hatI samarakaMdamAM sthaLa mAge Caravans Roads dvArA heraphera thatuM hatuM. tenuM varcasva prabaLa hatuM. pharAta athavA TAIgrIsa nadIne pele paraMtu sthaLa mArgo para lUMTAvAne bhaya vadhu raheto hovAthI pAra teNe atyAranAM hindukuza ane AmudarayA athavA ekasasa samudra mAge vadhu mahatvanAM hatAM. tethI masAlAne vadhu uttejana nI vacce Helle Nistic saMskRtinI lAkSaNikatAvALuM maLyuM. kAraNa ke masAlAno vyApAra dariyAI raste ja te Graeco Bactrian sAmrAjya sthApyuM. zI5 vidyA tathA hatA. jyAre jamIna mArgonI bIna salAmatIne kAraNe rezamane matikalAmAM e khUbaja pracalIta hatuM. vyApAra maMda paDI gayo hate. cInAI mATInAM vAsaNo jevI keTalIka vastuonI heraphera samudra mAge AsAnIthI thaI zakatI abaja UMcI jAtanuM rezama ezIyAmAM maLe che. tenAM hatI. jyAre jamIna mArgomAM rodAne lIdhe tUTavA kuTavAne viSe yuropIyano mAhitagAra hatA nahi chatAM yuropa bhaya vadhu rahetuM hatuM. sthaLa mArgomAM dakSiNa roDa ke Ku 'un ane cAInA vacce je vyApArI saMbaMdha sthapAya tenuM sauthI roDa prakhyAta hato. A reDa ezayAnI arapa 2nAM saDakanAM paheluM kAraNa rezama ja hatuM. Silk was The Maln saMgamane maLatuM hatuM tethI vyApArI mahatva savizeSa hatuM. Cause of Exchange Between Ina Cand Europe. - teramI ane caudamI sadImAM samarakaMda bukhArAthI ekaVIKHIL HORACE vijevA te cAInAne LAND sasane pelepAra kompIyana samudranI IttarathI veLA ane kALA OF THE SESRES' tarIke ja oLakhatAM ane rezama samudranAM uttara kinArA sudhI ja eka bIjo bhAga zodhAyo. bhUmi' e pAzcAtya prajAe cAInAne mATe vApareluM upanAma kuluna jevo bIjo raste te madhya athavA south-TienbanI gayu hatuM 10 ApaNA zAkuntalamAM kAlidAse "cInAzaka Shan (dakSiNa sthAnazana reDa' hate. eja rIte trIje reDa zabda kadAca cAInAnA rema mATe vAparyo hoya tema manAya te uttara zyAnazana roDa hato. A traNa mukhya vyApArI mArgo che, Ama rezamanI vyApArI vastutenI upayogItA AkarSaNa uparAMta maMgelIyana ane jaMgerIyana Dzungarian jevA vi.mAMthI rAjakAraNa saLavaLI uThayuM kAraNa ke vyApArI pravRttinI mArgo paNa hatAM. A saDakana kinAre loke yAtrA karatAM, doDamAM pUrNa virAma rAjakAraNamAMthI ja Ave che. dharma pracAra karatAM ane vyApAra paNa kheDatAM hatAM. prAcIna lAMbA samaya sudhI cAlelAM grIka ane zIyana yune kALamAM vyApArane pravAha khAsa karIne pUrvathI pazcima hato. kAraNa ke bhaTakanArA lUMTArAo no Madic Horces ne kAraNe ( pALIyana yudadha ) romamAM rezamanI AyAta karavAmAM muzkelI thaI paDI kAraNa ke A pAthIyo KHURSAN trAsa pazcima tarapha vadhI rahyo hato. Hun, Seljukes, dezamAM jayAM thaIne rezamane vyApAra hato tyAM rahetA hatA, Tartars, ottoman Turks vi. yuropanI zAMti ane A khurAsAna IzAna IrAnamAM Avelu che, itihAsanAM samagna vyApArane avAranavAra jokhamAvatAM hatAM, kIzIyana- yuganI zarUAtamAM yuropIyanene rezamanAM deza viSe jANavAnI IcchA kALa daramyAna mukhya vyApArI mA layabhaga je hatA te ja rahyA mukhya dariyAI mArge be hatAM ane jamIna mArge traNa vadhu prabaLa thaI AvI. rezamane deza cAIna 1s in nA hatA bhUmadhya samudra ane kALA samudra yukreTIsa-TAIgrInI jAgIradArI rAjyane lIdhe sInamAMthI cIna evA nAmathI pracakhADI FERTILE CRESCENT phaLadupa ardha caMdrakAra lIta banI gayela tyAra bAda pUrva tathA pazcimamAM pUrva-romana paTTA sAthe sIlena ane malabAra ne kinAro tyAMthI isTa 949191 Pyzan ineell Playhill Byzan Tiuri 349191 DIjhanA TApuo ane dakSiNa cAInAne vyApArI mArga A kusana tunIyA ke je atyAre kenseTInIpala athavA ista phesatune tenAthI ke badhA arasa parasa joDAyelA hatA, eja rIte bIjA dariyAI bula Constatrinople athavA Gustanbul) nA vyApAra mArgamAM bhUmadhya samudrathI ijiptamAM nAIla nadI sudhI tyAMthI vadhatA ja gayA. rAtA samudranA kinArethaine sIlena pAse pelA rastA sAthe ane A vyApAra paMdaramI sadI sudhI eka dhAre ja tene saMgama thate A mArga I. sa. 50 thI ghaNuMja pretsAhana rahyo. cInanAM rezamanuM vaNATa ane tenuM rahasya tathA bheda meLavI zakAya. jANavAnI pazcimI duniyAne have tAlAvelI lAgelI. e mATe sanyAsIone (Mouks) rekavAmAM Avela. A sanyAsIo prAcIna ane madhya kALamAM A dariyAI mArgo ja vadhu silk Warm E66s. rezamanAM IDA ane kezeTA para jakAta pracalIta rahelAM pUrvanAM TApu 10 * ASIA" L DULEY hevAthI temane cerI jatAM ane Akhare rezamanAM vaNATano St&m p.57 enA garama masAlA meLavavA mATe A rastAo bheda paNa parakhAI gayA. 11 Aje vyApArI o je jakAtanI (Asia' L. Dudley Stamp P. 56 corI kare te hakIkate AvA suMdara vairAgI sanyAsIo taraphathI P. 57 ja saMskAra vArasAnAM svarUpamAM maLelI che. ane vyApArIo 10 *Asia" L. Dudley Stamp. P. 27 11. Asia dudley stamp p. 59 Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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adhikArIoe e pazcima-garama sInamAM Galle : pa. 1557 graMtha smRti saMdarbha 631 A vArasAnuM koI paNa bhege janata ane vikAsa - vRddhi mahine bhAratanAM kAlIkaTa baMdare AvI pahoMce tenAthI bhAratane karatAM AvyA che. mATe eka navoja vyApArI samudra mAga hAtha lAgyo. pariNAma e AvyuM ke tyAra pachI nAM pacAsa varSomAM picugIjha loke sAtamI AThamI sadImAM mahamadanAM uttarAdhikArIoe ma e pazcima-gaphanAM kinAre 0 muz mAM, bhAratanAM kinAre samarakaMdathI spena phelAyelAM sAmrAjyanI sthApanA karI. ane kAlI kaTa tathA govAmAM, sIlenamAM Galle para ane malAya mAM bagadAda tenuM pATanagara banyuM. bagadAda samaye sauthI vadhu malakA para pitAnAM vyApArI mathaka sthApI dIdhAM. 1557 samRddha evI vizva vyApAranI maMDI hatI. ane jamIna mArgo mAM te cheka dakSiNa cInanI bIkula aMdara AvelAM macio tathA jaLamArgo paranuM tenuM varcasva paNa ghaNuM ja noMdhapAtra mAM paNa vyApArI aho sthapAI gayA. tyAre pUrvanAM TApuonAM hanuM vyApArIo ane seda gare dharmagurUonI sAthe pharatAM masAlAnuM mahatva khUba vadhI gayuM. kAraNake loke pAse kulara ane tenuM pariNAma e AvyuM ke Akhare je dhama yuddho ke rephrIjareTara jevuM kAMI ja na hatuM mAMsane upayoga kujheDa " thayAM temAM dharma gurUo ane vyApArIoe paNa bhejanamAM vadhu hato. ane mAMsano jaththo paNa pramANamAM mahatvano bhAga bhajavela hate hakIkate te vyApArI pravRttine ocho prApta thato hato. have masAlAne lIdhe mAMsa gaMdhAtu lIdhe ja ezIyA khaMDa ane tenAM rASTra yuropanI najaramAM hoya ke vasI hoya to te badhA avaguNa chUpAI jatAM, Ama vasI gayelAM dhama yuddhone lIdhe bhUmadhya samUdra tathA rAtA mAMsa bagaDI na jAya tevI jALavaNI mATe masAlA badhAne samUdrane jaLa mAga paNa khullI gaye. A uparAMta pazI manamAM ramavA mAMDelA. yana galaphane mAga paNa khulI gayo. A che.dhA mArgo para pahelAM je muslIma ka ma ha te have pakaDa gumAvI beThe A masAlAnAM vyApArane hAtha karavA mATe TelenDanAM hatuM. Ama thavAthI ezIyAnAM vyApArane vega maLyo ezI- Daca (valaMdA) leka ane poryuM mIlanA pocuMgajha lekee yAno vyApAra najIvana pAme temAM venIsane phALe mahaH eziyA khaMDama badheja rAjakiya dAva pecanAM patarAne kA tvano hato. lagADI dIdho. tyAM kharekhara sAcA arthamAM teoe 1595 thI vyApAra zarU karyo. ane teoe ja jAvAnI atyAranI rAjadhAnI vaLI A samaya daramyAna kuropa tathA bhArata ane jAkArtA nI 1619 mAM sthApanA karI ane tyAre tene Batavia cInanAM loko vacce sthaLa saMpaka vadhate gayo. I. sa. 1638 evuM nAma ApeluM ane A rIte Daca leke e jAvAmAM sudhI vyA' rIo, dhama pracArake tathA sedAgaro bhArata ane bhArata ane Daca ke nedharalenDa IsTa IDIjha no prathama vyApArI pAye nAkhyo. cIna AvavA mATe moM pelee je raste zeAdhela tenuM ja che anukaraNa karatAM hatAM cInamAM MINS mIgasanuM zAsana taLapAlaDIzana zAsana ane Ama vyApArI kendronAM aMcaLA heThaLa rAjakiya zarU thavAne lIdhe A jamIna mA lagabhaga be sadI sudhI nitA ke DArAye jatA hatA. Daca ane pAcuMgIjha lekAnAM baMdha thaI gaye 1rvanA TApuo ane tenI zodhakhoLanA vyApArI mAge AvavA mATe aMgreje paNa lalacAyA ane chevaTe mArgano prazna 1ra sudhI malAo NAVIGATORSnAM 1554 mAM Wiloughby ane Chancellor nAmanA be magajane akaLAvata rahyo ATalA varase A prazna ane tenAM aMgrejo yuropanAM uttara kinAre thaIne vahAITa-sI AvelAM, nIrAkaraNamAMja pasAra thaI gayAM ane bhUmadhya samudranA vizALa tenA AdhAre 155 7 mAM Jerkinsor nAmane aMgrejaCathay jaLa mALanI upayegItAmAM oTa AvI pariNAme (cAInAmAM) javA mATe nIkaLyA ane razIyAmAM thaIne BukITAlInI yApArI sattA ane maDavuM 5Nu ghaTI gayAM I - hara sudhI AvyA. 1592 mAM Sir John Burroauh lInI dariyAI 6.dita ghaTI ane bIjI yuropIyana rASTonA dvArA pUrvenAM vyApAra mATenI ghaNI mAhitI te meLavI zakyo dariyAI tAkata vadhavA mAMDI parINAme pena pigala, hola. ane have temAM saraLatA thaI. gaI hovAthI turata ja Benjamin nDa, IDa tathA kAH e badhI prajAnI vacce have pUrvanA Wood nAmanAM eka mANasane rANI elIjhAbethe potAne eka ane khAsa karIna ezIyAnAM vyApArane mATe bhayaMka sAThamArI khAnagI patra laI ne cInanAM zahenazAha pAse mokalyA. A ane spardhA zaru thayA ane rAjakAraNanAM dAva maMDAyA. patramAM aMgreja vyApArIonAM rakSaNanI mAMgaNI karavAmAM AvelI paraMtu benjAmIna tyAM pahoMcavAmAM ja saphaLa thayo nahi. I. sa. 1486 nI spenanAM bArtho leDu DI-AjhanI pazcima AphrikAnAM kinArAnI yAtrA ane 1892 mI jInIvAnAM A daramyAna aMgrejono vyApAra Nearer EastsAthe eTale badhe vadhI gayela ke rANI elijhAbethe Levant or phAra kalabasanI eTalAnTIkanI yAtrAe pena mATe Turkey kaMpanI ne eka kharIte ve 8 inDIjha TApu enI zodha karI ApI. temane ema Charter ApyuM. A lAgyuM ke cIna mATe teo eka navA mArga para hatAM. 1498 cArTaranuM mukhya kAryAlaya Aleppo mAM hatuM. mAM pAgIjha nAM vAskeDI gAmAe hindI mahAsAgarane pAra sattaramI sadImAM te pUrvane vyApAra aMgrejo, piruMkaryo ane porTugalanAM pATanagaTa lIonane choDayAM bAda cha gIjha, Daca ane phrenca leka dvArA joradAra rIte thavA paNa Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asimatA bhAga-2 mAMDela ane A Akhe ye vyApArane ItihAsa hakIkate eka vasavATa thaI cukyuM hatuM. A vyApAra sIdhe cAInIjha leke vizALa rAjadvArI dAvapeca ane vyApArI kunehabAjIthI bharelo sAthe thatuM na hatuM. tenI John Weddel nAmanAM puruSe itihAsa che. e badhI prajA bhArata ane cAInAnAM kinAre Avo sIdhe vyApArI saMbaMdha sthApavAno prayAsa karyo. paraMtu pitAnI kaMpanIo ane vyApArI aThThA jamAye jatAM tene tyAM saphaLatA maLI nahi. hatAM. ane rAjakAraNane tAga meLavatAM hatAM varSonAM vyApAra tyAra pachI 1643, 1658 ane 1664 mAM pachI rAjadvArI nADa pArakhavAnI kaLA hastagata thaI cukI A mATe pharIthI prayatna karavAmAM AvyAM. chevaTe 1971 hatI. lehI paNa rAjakAraNanA raMge raMgAI gayuM hatuM. mAM A m 0y khAte eka aMgre ja mA lI kI nuM A leke vyApAra ane rAjakAraNanI jANe ke samAMtara kArakhAnuM sthApavAmAM AvyuM. paraMtu A badhAmAM sAcI saphalagAma pakaDIne Dabala ghoDA para ekI sAthe ja savArI karI LatA to aMgrejone bhAratamAM maLI. ane bhAratamAM 1611mAM hatI. A badhAmAM aMgrejo e vyArI pArI aMcaLA heThaLa ghaNI eka kArakhAnuM Masuli -Patam ane bIjuM cAlAkI bharelI kuTIla nItinI pravRttio ajamAvI hatI. kArakhAnuM 1612mAM surata khAte kholavAmAM AvyuM ane A rIte kalakattAmAM IsTa IDIjha kaMpanI nAMkhanAra aMgrejo chevaTe aMgrejonAM bhArata paranAM varcaravane pAyo naMkhAI cukyo Divide and Rule nI khalanItithI bhArata para doDhaso 1654nAM hADakAM madrAsa zahera pAse senTa jeno kIle varasa sudhI sara thaI zakayAM hatAM. batAvavAmAM AvyA 1 661mAM mudevI (hAlanuM beo ) I.sa. 1600mAM IsTa IsTa IDIyA kaMpanInI sthApanA TApu bragenjhAnI kaeNtherAinanAM lagnamAM Catherine of BrakaravAmAM AvI. tenuM heDa kavArTara laMDana hatuM. A vyApArI ganga karIyAvara tarIke meLavA 13 Ama vyApAramAM kaMpanIne mukhya garbhita hetu bhArata ane dura-pUrvanA vyApArane bhAratIya pradezone te leke karIyAvara tarIke khapAvIne melI protsAhIta karavAnuM hatuM A pachI dheDA varSo bAda krAMse murAdanuM pradarzana kaye jatA hatAM rAjanaitika daSTie A paNa vyApArI varcasva mATe AvI eka pitAnI kaMpanI sthApI vyApArI ghaTanAnuM khUba ja mahatva hatuM 1684mAM aMgrejoe IsTa InDIyA kaMpanIe cAra varSanI uMmare ja eTale ke eka kArakhAnuM ke TanamAM nAMkhyuM ane dhIre dhIre aMgrejImAM 1604mAM pitAnI cAra sTImarane Molueeas mAM mokalI. vyApArane vistAra vadhato cAle. anate maLe tyAMthI kiMmatI masAlA, pIpara pepper, ebanusa aDhAramI sadInAM pUrvArdha sudhI aMgrejI sTImara cAI Elony ane caMdana lAvavAnuM rahetuM hatuM tyAra bAda jAvAmAM nAnAM baMdara sudhI jatI hatI paraMtu tyAM jatAM pahelAM rajA Kelling-Expedition kIlIga sAhasa maMDaLIe jAvAmAM paravAnagI meLavavI paDatI hatI. 1757mAM cAInAnAM samrA ane vyApArI sTezane nAkhyuM. I glenDanA janma nI Imperial.Edict thI teo saDamatI meLavI kenTana pahelAnAM eka rAjadUte jApAnanI saphara kheDI. ane IglenDanAM sadhI rakta vAra jaI zakavA lAgyA che ke AvI ja yara. vyApAra mATe pAnanAM baMdaro khullA mUkavA mATenI kozIza karI che ke aMgrejoe ezIyAnAM greTabrITana tarIke oLakhAtAM A jApAnamAM phekaTarIo sthApI dIdhI. paraMtu pachIthI aMgrejo aMgrejonAM A AkhAye vyApArI aMcaLA heThaLa cInanAM ane Daca leke vacce eTalI badhI spardhA thaI ke teo Emperor crown sAthe mutsadI bharyo saMbaMdha vikasAvavAne vyApAranI sAthe chevaTe te rAjakAraNane paNa sparzavA ane Azaya hatA ane e rIte 1792mAM LORD MACARchaMcheDavA lAgelAM tethI jApAna khUbaja kaMTALI gayuM. ane TNEU ne pekIMgamAM rAjadUta banAvIne mokalavAmAM Avyo tethI 1624 mAM jApAnIoe badhA videzIone potAnAM tenI pAchaLa bIjA paNa ghaNuM hetuo hatA. dA. ta pekIMgamAM rASTramAMthI hAMkI kADhayAM jApAna sAthe sabaMdhamAM AvavAthI ja a grejo mATe eka De khula. Ningpo, Chusan Island kadAca "cA" nuM nAma IglenDamAM sarva prathama saMbhaLAvA lAgyuM', Tientsin mAM aMgrejonA pravezane majabUta banAvavA vi. AvA ane pInTo nAmanAM pahelAM yuropIyane "cA" no ullekha karyo. hetuo hatAM moTA kharce khelavAmAM AvelI aMgrejonI embesI 12 A pInToe 6ThThI sadInI madhyamAM dara pUrvanAM darzana nAkAmayAba nIvaDatI hatI bhAratamAM paNa chU5 rAjadvArI ryA hatAM. paraMtu jyAM sudhI Samuel Pepys 1660 thI hetuo sAthe vyApArI vAdhA paherIne AvelA aMgrejo ane 1669 sudhInI pitAnI DAyarI rAkhatuM na hato tyu sudhI ke TakarAI paDayA aMgrejI kArakhAnAone virodha bhAratIya 'Te ke "TI" jevuM cAnuM nAma rAkhavAmAM AvyuM na hatuM. leke nahiM parantu kranca lekeja sIdhI rIte karatAM hatAM A aMgrejonI vadhu kamanasIbI hatI. I.sa. 1936mAM prathama aMgreja Henry Bornford cIna sAthe vyApAra karavA mATe Macao para bhArI saMbaMdha phrenca-virodhane sapta-vaSaya dudha pachI dAbI devAmAM sthApavAmAM saphaLa thayo ane tyAre tyAM picuMgala vastIne AvyuM. leDa kalAIva vorana hesTIMka jevA netA onAM 12 "Asla Dudley stamp p. 63 93 Asia' Dudley Stamp P. 63 dhanone paNa ApI ars Jain Education Intemational

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sati saMdarbhagraMtha saMrakSaNa nIce sthira vyApArI saMbaMdha sthApavAmAM AvyAM zedhAyelAM Vasco - de-GamanAM vyApArI rastAnuM mahatva ane dhIme dhIme paraMtu cokakasa gatie aMgrejonuM sthAna ghaTI gayuM. 1891 mAM TrAnsa sAIbIrIyana relave naMkhAvAnI bhAratamAM jAmavA mAMDayuM. Aje paNa ezIyana rASTromAM zarU ta thaI. 1905mAM relave banI gaI ane prAcIna ezIaMgrejI vyApAranuM varcava sArUM e! nedha pAtra che. yAnAM krosaroDajhanuM mahatva ghaNuM ja vadhI gayuM. ane AvA vyApArI mahatvanAM rastAo para judA judA dezanI prajA 17 mI sadInA prAraMbhamAM phermAsAmAM dAkhala thaIne : rAjakiya pakaDa jamAvavAmAM rata banI gaI temAM paNa havAI spenIza ? ke e jApAna sAthe vyApAra zarU karI dIdho. bAdamAM mArganAM vikAse AvA rAjadvArI vyApArane jude ja vaLAMka Daca lekae 55 tyAM vyA pA | varcasva vadhA ! dIdhuM Ama 241121. Sir Alan Cobham Sir Samuel Hoare 24 chatAM spenIza lokone cAInA sAtheno vyApAra vagara avarodhe baMne e bhArata sudhI eropa vena lAvavAmAM saphaLatA meLavI. AgaLa vadhI rahyo hate. sanIza ane pe cugIjha loko sAthe A badhI musApharI bagadAda ane karAMcI thaIne jatI hatI. sAthe maLIne Daca lokeno vyApArI kSetre mukAbale karI rahayAM brITIza era lAInsa dvArA laMDanathI bhArata, malAyA, hoMgakaeNga hatAM tethI Daca lokone vAraMvAra navA bajAra zodhavA paDatAM ane osTrelIyAnI era savasa zarU thaI. Daca lAIna InDo hatAM. phrenca lokeno bhAratamAM vyApArane hatuM hatuM. jyAre nezIyA sudhI phenca lAIna viyeTa nAma sudhI sthapAI. ame cAIna mAM vyApAra karatAM paNa dhama pracArano mukhya hetu have rIkana lAInsanuM purva-ezIyAmAM kendrI karaNa thayuM S. A S- 164 mAM pUrvamAM vyApAra vikasAvavA mATe eka cArTarDa skenDInevIyana era-savIsathI ezIyA yuropana no saMparka kaMpanI banAvavAmAM AvI. 1611, 1 642 5 6644 mAM zarU thaye A mAga uttara pravathI ke pana hegana thaIne Tokyo paNa bIjha kaMpa. o khelavA mAM AvI. jate hato. Aje InDIyA ane pazIyA paNuM Air Minded 1698 mAM cAInA ane kAMsa vacce vyApAra vadhAravA banI gayAM che. Ama ezIyAnAM vyApArano ItihAsa rAjamATe Comagnie De Chine (kaMpanI opha cAInA) dvArA pravRttio, mutsaddInIgIrI, kunehabAjI sattAnI sAThamArI; sthApanA karavAmAM AvI. maMgalakALamAM cAInA sAthe razIyAne ane bajAra sara karavAnI pravRtti tathA dharma vi. thI mIzrIta A ta ra , uparAMta zIta Ne thayela che. tethI ja AjanAM vyApArIo ATalA badhA kALA chi ask zaherapAM 1689 mAM vyApAranI saMdhio paNa thaI dhALA kare che. 1727 mAM evI jogavAI karavAmAM AvI ke be varasamAM 9 200 jeTalAM razIyana-sedAgaro ezIyAmAM jaI zakaze. AnAthI 8 razIyA ezIyA khaMDanAM rASTro sAthe vyApAra vikasAvI zakayuM ane 50' jeTalo vepAra tene prApta thaI zake ane tethI ja bleDasToka sudhInI lAMbI TrAnsa sAIbIrIyana relvenI Automotive Enterpriseg sthApanA karavAmAM AvI. yuropanAM leke dhIme dhIme baLajabarIthI cAinAnAM lagabhaga badhA ja baMdaromAM ghUsI gayAM A mATe aMgrejo Opium And Arrow Wars laDyAM ane 4 vadhArAmAM ghaNA apamAnanAM ghUMTaDA gaLavAM paDyA. ane Taiping Rebellion 441 Slockists of A daramyAna cAinAmAM aMje kuA tathA jApAna Dicsel Parts and Tractor Parts sAthe laDatAM ja rahyAM Ama dharma, vyApAra ane rAjakAraNane je traNa ume thayela te vadhu ne vadhu jaTIla banate ja che hatA. temAM dharma pracArako, yA ke, pApArI o dAga piolITIkala ejanTa vi. dANAne sAhiyA re prayAsa hate. Ralph Fitch Thomas, Roe of Laval Tavarnier Swede, Suen Hedin Prince Kropotkin Ellis 26 Kennedy Bridge worth Hun ington vi. e vyApArane rAjakAraNathI raMgI BOMBAY-4. dIdhuM. Chapman Andrews nAM A prakAranA sAhase ne 8. amerIkana myujhIyama opha necarala hisTrI dvArA zuM vIsamI sadImAM ghaNuM pretsAhana pUruM pADavAmAM A yuM. 1869mAM suejha-nahera khulavAthI 1898 mAM che 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 000000000000000OOOOCCO000000000coccoco99.COCO0000DOGOD Jain Education Intemational

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$38 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 cocossoooooooooooooooooooooccoco.co...oscooo00000.oocooo0000000980000000000OCOSCISSO With Best Compliments From Gram : Nestler Tele : 392031/22 Telex : 3334 NESTLER BOILER ecocc000000000000000000-01.sosseccccccccccceococco.co.609003ceoso.ccceoscoocos...coscocco............ ceeeeeeeeezeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaaeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee: ::::Hee 9 PRIVATE LIMITED LOVE LANE, CROSS LANE BYCULLA-400027 70909009000000000000000cccccc00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000cc.ee Jain Education Intemational

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bhAratIya saMskRtimAM videzI sabhyatAnA prabhAva zrI manubhAI bI. zAha 1 AnuM bhAratamAM Agamana ane bhAratIya sabhyatA ane pUrvamAM cheka kurukSetranA medAna sudhI pahoMcyA A samagra para Asare. pradezane teo "AryAvata'ne nAme oLakhAvA lAgyA bhAraAnuM muLa vatana maya ezIyA: - tamAM AvanAra TeLIomAM mukhyatve bharata, purU, kahyuM turvasu pAMcAla kuru anuvRSNI yadu vagere hatI. AryonuM bhAratamAM AryonuM mULavatana madhya eziyA hatuM tema mAnanArA Agamana I. sa. pUrve 1600thI 1500nA arasAmAM thayuM vidvAnomAM che. mekasa mUlara (jarmana sAhityakAra ) che. hatuM tema vidvAno mAne che ane dharma graMthe Ane searsa tathA zrI je. jI. rauhaDene samAveza thAya che. temanA samarthana Ape che. A mata tulanAtmaka bhASA vijJAna ane AryonA sAhityamAM hindanI mULa prajA drAviDiyo sAthe saMgharSa ullekhAyela pazuonA nAma para AdhArita che. AnA " sADatyamAM khetI pazupAlana ghoDA, pIpaLAnA vRkSe vagerenA RgvadamAM jaNAvyA pramANe saptasiMdhumAM vasavATa karyo ulekha parathI AryonI mULa jagyA cariyANa (pazuone bAda Ane kela, dazya ane drAviDa jevI bhAratanI mULa caravA lAyaka jamIna ) jagyA haze ane sAthe sAthe te khetI prajAo sAthe saMgharSamAM utaravuM paDyuM. A drAviDiyone lAyaka jamIna haze. jo ke eriyAnA keTalAMka pradezo bekiTrayA anA, dazya; niSAda, dAsa vagere nAme saMbodhatA. jo ke pAmIrano ucca pradeza Ame niyA va ane AdamanuM aMdaro aMdara AryonI ToLIe jhaghaDatI, paNa anAryo nivAsa sthAna) kokesiyasa parvatano pradeza kiragIjha medA sAmenI laDAImAM teo sau eka thaI jatA bhAratanI neno pradeza rUsI turkaratAna vageremAMthI ke I eka sthaLa mULa prajA kela, niSAda, dazya, drAviDa, saMthAla, gAMDa, bhIla, nAga tathA mogalIya jAti omAMthI kevaLa dvAviDiyo AyenuM mULa vatana haze ema judA judA vidvAne. e pita pitAnI dalIlo ane saMzodhana anusAra maMtavyo raju karyA ja sudharelI, saMskArI ane khetI hunnara udyoga vepAra kaLA che. paraMtu emAM koI khAsa vajUda hoya tema lAgatuM nathI. kArIgarI. nagajanA vagere bAbata nI jANakAra hatA. niSAda prajA te pASANayuganA lokenA vaMzajo ja hatA, ane temanA TUMkamAM A madhya eziyAnA mULa vatanI haze ane tyAM ghAsacArAnI tathA anna pANInI taMgI paDatAM eka TukaDI uparAMta saMthAla, genDa, bhIla jevI prajAo jaMgalamAM vasa nArI asaMskArI hatI. dvAviDe uSNakaTibaMdhamAM rahevAvALA yuropa tarapha ane bIjI bekiTrayanA mArge siMdha pradeza (hIMdu tAnanI vAyavya sarahade thaIne) tarapha AgaLa dhapI hatI. ALasu, vahemI, mejIlA, zarIre khUba vALavALA, raMge kALA, ane chevaTe anna pANInA bhaMDAra samA jelama, cinAba, ThIMgaNA, vizALa netravALA ane jAdumAM mAnanArA hatA khetI rAvI, biyAsa satalaja ane siMdhu nA pradezamAM (paMjAba ) - udyoga ane vahANavaTAmAM kuzaLa drAviDa laDAyaka prajA paNa teo AvIne vasyA hatA, ane tyAMthI dhIme dhIme hAlanA na hatI. jyAre A raMge, garA, dekhAvaDA, UMcA kadAvara uttara pradezamAM phelAI gayA hatA. pra. devendrabhAI bhaTTa paNa bhUrI AMkhevALA, sudharelAM, svabhAve abhimAnI rakhaDu, khaDatala A hakIkatane samarthana ApatAM lakhe che ke AnI mULa ane jhanunI hatA. surA, semarasa ane jugAranA zekhIna bhASAmAM samudra jevo koI zabda nathI teo samaghAta Abe A laDAyaka prajA tarIke prasiddha hatAM. yuddhamAM ghoDA, lekhaMDanA hathiyAro ane rathane upayoga teo karI jANatA. havAvALA vRkSothI paricita hatA temanAM prANIomAM gAya, AthI vadhu zaktizALI Aryo ane nirbaLa tathA pachAta baLada, gheTAM. gheTA gheDA ane sthAna che. paraMtu gadheDA uMTa ke drAviDa vaccenA saMgharSamAM drAviDe hAryA ! hAthI nathI. temaja A sthaLa (mULavatana) khetI lAyaka che jamIna ane ghAsacAravALuM haze. alabatta badhA Aryo madhya A saMgharSanuM pariNAma e AvyuM ke Aryo ane eziyAmAMthI ekI sAthe nahotA AvyA paNa jude jude samaye drAviDa banne eka bIjAnI khUba najIka AvyA. baMnenI judI judI ToLIomAM teo bhAratamAM AvyA hatA. bharata saMskRti, rIta rivAje prathAonI paraspara Apale thaI! nAga, vRkSa, nAmanI ToLI sau prathama hiMdamAM AvanAra hatI. temaNe paththara, pazu, ziva ane zaktinI pUjA uparAMta khetI vepAra, sapta siMdhunA pradezamAM vasavATa karyo ane jema jema anya nagara 2 nA vahANuTuM, bAMdhakAma vidyA vagere Aryoe drAviDa ToLIo AvatI gaI tema tema teo (janI ToLIo) pAsethI zIkhyuM jyAre drAviDa e zabane bALavAnI prathA, gaMgA jamanAnA phaLadrupa pradeza tarapha AgaLa dhapavA mAMDyA saMghajIvana ane grAma paMcAyata prathA vagere, Aryo pAsethI Jain Education Intemational

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636 zIkhyuM. AryAnI brAhmI lipi paNu ddhAviDonI citralipimAMthI uttarI AvI che. ArpAnA AgamananI bhAratIya samAja jIvana par asaraH-- AyeyyanI sAmAjika, Arthika rAjakiya ane dhArmika sthitinI mAhitI Apazune vaidika sAhitya cAravedo sahitA, brahmaprathA araNyakoane upaniSada) mAMthI maLI Ave che. AyyanA samAjika jIvananI aMdara (ma) kuTuMba ane strInuM sthAna (1) lagnaprathA (F) khArAka ane peASAka (4) manoraMjana ane utsave (6) varNAzrama vyavasthAneA samAveza thAya che. (#) kuTuMba ane strIonuM sthAnaH AryanA sAmAjika jIvananu ekama kuTuMba hatuM. A kuTuMbane 'jana kahevAmAM Avatu . RgvedamAM vanamaH (anu, yadu, puru, tuvasu ane hyu ema pAMca kuTubInA ullekha Ave che. temanAM kuTuMba saMyukata hatA ane TALInA samUhamAM gAmamAM rahetA. A kuTuMbanA vaDA pitA hatA. ane sarvoparI gaNAtA. tenI AmanyA ane Adara patnI, putrA, pu Ie, putravadhUe bhAIe baheneA pautra, pautrIo vagere baLavatAM. kuTu banA vaDIlanI AjJAnuM ullaMdhana karanArane kaDaka zikSA thatI. dA taH durAcArI ane uDAu putrane Aie adha banAvyA hatA. pitRsattAka kuTuMbeAmAM ekaMdare prema, saMpa ane AtmIyatA. jaLavAtAM. ane kuTuMbanA zreya mATe hAma havana, yajJA ane prArthanAe thI pitRvaMzI kuTuMba vyavasthA hovA chatAM strIenu sthAna gaurava bharyuM ane meAbhAdAra gaNAtuM, patnInA sAtha vagara dharmakriyA apUrNa gaNAtI. strIene paNa upavita saskAra ane keLavaLI apAtI. je ke strIne milkatamAM adhikAra na hAtA chatAM tene puruSa sameAvaDI mAnavAmAM AvatI. lApAmuddA, apAlA, siMkanA, ghASA, vidhavAmA, jevI vidvAna strIonA ullekheA maLe che. tee puruSA sAthe vAdavivAda karatI. ghASA vizvavAma, bhavAvarI, tikatA jevI sIe te RcA e ane matra racatI. na lagna prathA AryaMnA samAjamAM eka patnItvanA ravAja hatA, chatAM rAjAe eka karatAM vadhu patnI e paraNatA. lagna e pavitra baMdhana gaNAtuM ane tethI chUTA cheDAne sthAna na hatuM. khADa khAMpaNa jevA prasa geAmAM ja apavAda gaNAtA. lagna na Jain Education Intemational eziyAnI bhUmikA sAme bhAratIya asmitA bhAma-2 karanAra puruSane dhArmika kriyAo karavAnA aghikAra na hatA. temaja tenu' sthAna samAjamAM nIcuM hatuM. lagnamAM svayaMvaranI prathA hatI; ane svapasa'dagIthI yuvaka-yuvatIe lagna karI zakatAM lagna meTI uMmare thatAM vidhavA vivAhanI chUTa hatI ane bALa lagnA thatAM na hatAM. pitA putrI ane bhAI bahenanA sagotrI lagna mATe niSedha hatA, temaja anAya strI sAthe lagna karI zakAtA nahi. A samAjamAM niyeAganI prathA khUba vicitra hatI. A prathA anusAra vidhavA strI potAnA diyara ke patinA sagA sa the sabaMdha rAkhI putra prApta karI zakatI ! dattaka putra levAnI temaja dahejanI prathA hatI. paraMtu paDadA prathA na hatI. AryAMnA lagna jItamAM lajjA maryAdA pravitratA ane naitikatA upara bhAra mUkAtA pAchaLathI anuleAma, prati lema, gAMdhava' vagere lagna prathAe pracalita banI hatI. temaja AMtara jJAtiya lagnA mATe dUra pAI hatI. . kherAka ane peASAka AryAMnA kherAkamAM ghauM, java, dUdha dahI ghI, phaLaphaLAdi prasaMge yajJo, ane utsava prasaMge khavAtu mAMsa ane pIvAmAM zAkabhAjI, sAmarasa, surA vagerenA samAveza thatA hatA. dhArmika AvatA somarasa pAchaLathI echo thato gayA. zarUAtamAM gAyanu ma sa khavAtu haze. paNa pAchaLathI tene abhakSa gaNIne badha karavAmAM AvyuM haze. jyAre poSAka nI Thera nivi ( kamarathI nIcenu kapaDuM ) vAsa ( chAtI paranu kapaDuM) ane adhivAsa ( dupaTTo )no samAveza thatA hatA vAsa (jhabhbhA ) para bharatakAma thatuM. kapaDAM sIvavAnI prA na hatI Una, sutarAu ke mRgacarmanA kapaDAM mATe upayoga thatA hatA purUSo ane strIe banne ala'kArAnA zokhIna hatA. puSpa ane dhAtuonI maLA, kuMDaLa, kaMkaNa, nupura, bAjubaMdha vagere strIo lAMbAvALa ne zaNagAratI. alakArA hatA puruSe lAMbAvALa khabhApara ) jhulatA rAkhatA maneAraMjana ane utsave Ayo. AnaMda prameAda ane utsavA nA zeokhIna hatA. utsaveAmAM dhArmika tathA anya tahevAromAM nAcagAna thatAM strIe AgaLa paDatA bhAga letI. rathayu, mallayuddha dhRta, jugAra, nRtya muSTimukhya vageremAMthI teo manAra jana meLavatAM varNAzrama vyasthA Aryoe peAtAnA aMgata tathA vyakitagata jIvanane ane samAja suvyavasthita karavA mATe cAravA~ ane cAra AzrameAnI vyayasthA sarjI hatI. samagra samAjane brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya ane zud ema cAra varNomAM vaheMcI nAkhyA hatA eTaluja nahi paraMtu dhArmika vidhidhAnA tathA adhyApana kArya karavAnI pharaja brAhyamaNeAke rakSaNa karavAnI ane yudhdhA karavAna. kSatriye.na khetI ane vepAra ja

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ati saMdarbha graMtha karavAnI pharaja aune ane e traNa vargonI sevA karavAnI AryonA AgamananI bhAratIya rAjakIya jIvana para pharajazu done saMpAI A varNavyavasthA janma pramANe nahIM asara -- paraMtu karma pramANe racelI hatI. prAraMbhamAM ekaja kuTuMbamAMthI koI brAhmaNanI te kaI kSatriya ke vIzyanI pharaja bajAvatu AryonA rAjakIya jIvananuM ekama kuTuMba hatuM, ane vizvAmitra kSatriya hovA chatAM brAhmaNa gaNAtA hatA ane e kuTuMbane vaDe kulapati kahevAta. AvA ceDA kuTuMba pazurAma brAhmaNa hovA chatAM kSatriyanI pharaja bajAvatA hatA maLIne gotra banatuM. keTalAMka gotranA eka jagyAe sthAyI keIpaNa vyakti keIpaNuM varNanI vyakti sAthe lagna karI vasavATathI gAma banatuM; ane teno vaDe grAmINa gaNAto. zakato hatA jJAti bheda ke varNabheda sakhata nahotA zudro AvA aneka grAmanA samuhane "viza" kahevAtuM. ane tene uparI "vizapati' kahevAte AvA keTalAMka viza (jillAo) sAthe sau haLatA maLatAM azyatAnuM kalaMka te samaye nahotu AMtaravaNIya lagno thayA hatAH dA ta :- agatya : maLIne "janapa' banatuM. ane A janapadane uparI 'janapati' * ni vidarbhanA anA" rAjAnI putrI lepa mudrA sAthe ane ke "rAjA" gaNate. jo ke janana artha keTalAMka vidvAne rAjA yayAti zukrayAya nI putrI devayAnI sAthe paraNyA TALI kare che. dA. ta.- yadujana, bhAratana, yAdavajana vagere hatA ! maDaSi aMgerasanI putrI AzvatInA lagna kSatriya ane chevaTe keTalAka janapada maLIne rASTra banatuM. travedamAM rAjakumAra sAthe thayA hatA ? eka jagyAe noMdhAyuM che ke rAjyane badale rASTra zabda che ane tenA uparIne "rAjana' I am a poet my Fatner is a doctor and my kahevAmAM AvatuM. leke rAjA (gopa)ne cUMTatA. atharvavedamAM rAjAnI cuMTaNIne ulekha Ave che. purU ane tRtu ema mother is a grinder of Corn. be vaMzanA rAjAonI vaMzAvaLIo che damAMthI maLI AvI A rIte AryonA vyaktigata jIvanane brahmacaryAzrama che. rAjAnuM kArya prajAnuM rakSaNa karavAnuM. nyAya ApavAnuM * guDa sthAzrama, vAnaprasthAzrama ane saMsthAzrama ema cAra dhAmaka kriyA karma ya vagere) karAvavAnuM, yuddhanuM saMcAlana bhAgomAM vahecI nAkhavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. mAnavajIvananAM prathama karavAna. vahIvaTa cala vAna ane prajA pAsethI ahi kara) 25 varSa daramiyAna brahmacarya pALI gurune tyAM adhyayana ane ugharAvA na hatA te pera ugharAvavAnuM hatuM te pote adRzya gaNAto ane prajAne nyAya tAlIma meLavavI paDatI. pachInA 25 varSa lagna karI gRhastha Apata zikSA kare ane vartana upara najara rAkhatA. rAjAne madada dhama be nava paDe te pachInAM 25 varSa daramyAna saMsAranI karavA mATe purohita, senAnI grAmINa vagere adhikArIo mAyA jALamAMthI mukta thaI vAnaprastha jIvana gALate ane rahetA A uparAMta rAjakArabhAramAM madada karavA mATe sabhA ane jIvananAM chellAM 25 varSa (76 thI 100 daramyAna tapasvI samiti nA manI be saMsthAo paNa hatI je rAjA upara jIvana gALI ( saMnyAsI banI) mokSaprApti mATe prayatna aMkuza rAkhatI Aryone vAraMvAra yuddha karavA paDatAM tethI zakti karavA paDatA. zALI ane yuddha nipuNa vyakitane rAjA ta ke pasaMda karAte AryAnA AgamananI bhAratIya Arthika jIvana para rAjAnA sainyamAM pathadaLa, pAyadaLa, ane hAthIdaLa hatA sainike asaraH zarIre bakhtara paheratA ane mAthe Topa ke kavaca dhAraNa karatA AryonanI saMskRti grAmINa saMskRti hatI. lAkaDAM, talavAra, barachI, dhanuSa bANu bhAlA. pharasI tathA gophaNa ghAsa ane mATInAM banAvelAM dhamAM AryonA kuTuMbe vasatAM jevAM hathiyAro temaja killA teDavA mATenAM yaMtre teo hatAM tenI AsapAsa Aphate samaye rakSaNa mATe "pura" (kile) yuddhamAM vAparatA yuddhamAM jIta meLavavA devAne maMtroccArathI banAvavAmAM AvatuM. AryonA vyavasAyamAM khe , pazupAlana, prasanna karAtA ane sainikone raNavAdyothI prasAhita karAtA. vyApAra, kArIgarI << vyavasAya mukhatve hatA. bAdamAM kheDA AryonA AgamananI bhAratIya dhArmika jIvana para yelAM khetara mATe "uveza" ke "kSetra' zabda prayoga Ave che. khetIno AdhAra varasAda para hate. chatAM taLAva ke kUvAthI asara:-- A teo jarUra paDe siMcAI karatA hatA. khetImAM ghauM, java, Aryo che je prAkRtika dazyothI mugdha banyA ane cokhA ane zagunI khetI karatA ane gAya baLada, bheMza, prakRtinA guDha tathI prabhAvita banyA te sarvenI zaruAtamAM gheDAM bakarAM thAna vagerene pALatAM, gArone godhana kahetAM pUjA ArAdhanA ane prArthanAo zarU thaI varUNa, sUrya, pazao para mAlikI darzAvavA mATe raMgavAmAM AvatA, cihno savitA vigagu vagerenI prArthanA temaNe zarU karI AryonA karavAmAM AvatA ke kAna vidhavAmAM AvatA. khetI ane pazu- prAcIna devemAM varUNanuM sthaLa zreSTha hatuM. A uparAMta Indra, pAlana uparAMta suthArI kAma luhArI kAma carmamALI, raMgATI rUdra, maruta parjanya (nadIne deva ) agni, soma (vanaspatI kAmamAM A rokAyelAM hatAM. uparAMta kumAra, vagukara, kaMsArA, nAma pAchaLathI samarasa ) sarasvatI ( jJAna buddhi ane vIvevagere dhaMdhAdAra be hai ka yuga mAM hatA. tya nuM kArya purohita karI devI ) vagerenI stuti ane prArthanAo paNa Aryoe karata. roga...sA ane vADhakApa mATe vaidyo paNa hatA. zarU karI. A devane rijhavavA ane kRpA meLavavA teo ya mAnI vAraMvAra rajadALa Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 karavA lAgyA brahma, pitR bhUta, deva, manuSya ema pAMca prakA- hindustAnanI mULa drAviDa prajA upara gherI asara karI. hindanI ranA ya pracalita banyA hatA. A yajJomAM dhArmika vidhi prAcIna saMskRtinA ghaDatara ane vikAsamAM Aryone phALe vidhAne ane kriyA kAMDone khUba sthAna rahetuM temaja temAM kAlAntare paNa avismaraNIya rahe tevo che, ema kahIe te dUdha, ghI, dahIM, dhAna vagerenI AhatI apAtI azvamegha paNa atizakita nahIM lAge. ke bhAratanI gaurava zALI tathA yajJamAM azvanuM balidAna apAtuM paNa narabalinI prathA na unata saMskRtino dehapiMDa A ja ghaDyo ane temAM AtmAM hatI Aryo pitRdevo bhava ane AcArya deve bhavamAM mAnatA paNa temaNe ja pUya hiMdanI saMskRtinuM Arya ane anAya AthI pitRpUjA 5 temanAmAM pracalita hatI temane sama, saMskRti nA saMmizraNathI maMDANa NayuM je samaya jatAM anubali ane naivedya arpaNa karAte mRtAtmAonA zabane dikayuga, jaina bauddha dharmayuga, grIkatA AkramaNane yuga, bALavAnI prathA pracalita hatI. ane drAviDe zabane bALa- maurya yuga, videzI prajAonA AkramaNane yuga, gupta vATaka vAnI prathA Aryo pAsethI ja zIkhyA hatA. agninI cittA yuga, harSakA rIna samaya, rajapUta yu, tuka aphaghAna yuga, para zabane mUkavAmAM AvatuM brAhmaNa zaba pAse daMDa (lAkaDI) megala yuga, marAThAyuga, briTizayuga ane svAtaMtryotara kSatiya zaba pAse dhanuSyabA ane vaizya zaba pAse baLada yuga, daramiyAna te vikasI, pariplAvita banI ne vaTavRkSa banI hAMkavAnI lAkaDI rAkhavAmAM AvatI ane zaba baLI gayA pachI tenAM asthine pavitra gaNIne kapaDAmAM mUkIne daTI 2 bhAratamAM irAnI (parziyana)nuM Agamana ane devAmAM AvatI. asaro A karma ane punarjanmanI mAnyatA vize bahu madhya eziyAmAMthI AyonI je ToLIo saptasiMdhunA mAhitI maLatI nathI. chatAM pitRleka jevA judA judA lekamAM pradeza tarapha nIkaLI temAMnI keTalIka IrAnamAM ja sthira thaIne mRtAtmA gayA pachI AyanuM karmAnusAra daMDa devAmAM Avate. vasI ane keTalIka bhAratanI vAyava; sarahade AvI pahocI AthI ja AyanA mULagraMtha veda ane IrAnIono dharmagraMtha AyanA AgamananI bhAratIya sAhitya ane kaLA "avestA" nI bhASAmAM ghaNuM badhuM sAmya che. dAtaH-avestAmAM para asara: siMdhune mATe "DiM; " sapta siMdhune mATe "hapta hiMdu" vagere prayoge ajaba sAmya vyakata kare che? be darzAve che ke bhArasaptasiMdhunA pradezamAM vasanAra sAhitya (maukhika zruti tIya Aryo ane irAnI Ayo e mULa eka ja prajAnA be sAhitya) hatuM. drAviDenA saMparkamAM AvyA bAda A lekhana svarUpa che. ema manAya che ke, I. pUrvenI chaThThInI sadInI kalA zIkhyA hatA. AthI zvedanI RcAo (kAvyo ne AsapAsa Arya saMskRti kramazaH vAyavya sarahadanA pradezamAMthI temaNele khanabala karI, vaidika sAhitya, saMhitA sAhitya brAhyaNa bhAratamAM vistarIne madhya bhArata tarapha prasarI ane tethI sAhitya AraNyaka ane upaniSada sAhitya bhUkhyatve che. paMjAba; siMdha tathA vAyavya sarahadanuM mahatva zarUAtamAM AvelA tyArabAda rAmAyaNa ane mahAbhArata ciMtana graMtha bhagavad tyArabAda rAmAyaNa A sAta sAhitya AyA mak 3 3; Ayo mATe ghaDatuM gayuM. khAlI paDelA e phaLapa pradeza gItA paNa racAyAM trASimunioe racevuM A saMskRta sAhitya sA ane tethI paradezAo zreSTha ane uttama hatuM. mATe hiMda AvavAno mArga khUle thayo. saMbhava che ke, vedamAM hajAro staMbho ane bANavALA vizALa Ayo jema jema uttara pradeza, baMgALa, bihAra bhavane, hajAro divAlavALA mahele, paththaro nA male, tarapha ( gaMgA-yamunA-brahmaputra ne pradeza tarapha ) khasatA gayA yajJanI vedIo, yajJanA kuMDe, ane yajJazALA nA bAMdhakAmamAM ( sthaLAMtara karatA ) haze, tema tema bhAratI Aryo ane sthApatyakalA jovA maLe che. prajApatinI paraSAkAra suvarNa mati IrAnIe ( A ) vayenA saMbaMdha kamaza; dhaTate jaI palAzanAM pAMdaDAM nI mUti vageremAM zilpakalA najare paDe che, lA A lepa thatuM gaye haze. ya. utsavo ane tahevAra samaye tAlabadha tathA chaMda badhdha mikasanA sAmrAjyanI sthApanA RcAonuM gAna thatuM hatuM. utsavanI ujavaNI daramyAna strI puruSe samUDamAM nRtya karatAM ane stotre gAtAM Ama I. sa. purva 1800 nA arasAmAM madhya eziyAmAMthI vaidika A gIta, saMgIta, ane nRtyakSAthI paricita hatA. sthaLAMtara karIne Ayo je ToLIo pUrva tarapha AvavA nIkaLI hatI temAMnI keTalIka ToLIo bhAratamAM AvIne vasI AryonA AgamanathI eka naja aitihAsika yuga hatI ane keTalIka naitrAtya tarapha vaLI ane phaLadrupa caMdralekhA bhAratanA ItihAsamAM AraMbhAye temanA vikasIta samAja nA pradezamAM jaIne vasI te IrAnIe ( paziyane ) tarIke jIvana, Arthika jIvana, rAjakIya jIvana, dhArmika jIvana, zi95 oLakhAI irAnIonI be zakitazALI " miDijha ' ane sthApatya, nRtya ane saMgIta kalAo jevA vibhinna pAsAo paziyanane nAme oLakhAI tegrIsa nadInA pUrva bAjue pahADI temaja temanI ucca sabhyatA tathA saMtinA vividha pravAhoe pradezamAM (kAzipayana samudra paranA kinArA upara thI zcima Jain Education Intenational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti sadana' ka eziyAmAM AgaLa vadhelAM ) I. sa. purve 700 nA arasAmAM mikrisa le e eka majabUta " IrAnI ane sAmrAjaya sthApyu ane rAjadhAnI eka batAnA zaheramAM rAkhI jayAre parzayane e paNa potAnuM alaga sAmrAjaya sthApI tenI rAjadhAnI prAraMbhamAM susA ane pAchaLathI sidhdholisamAM rAkhI jema jema vastI vadhatI gaI tema tema teo bukhArA ane samaraka'dI hara dakSiNa tarapha AgaLa dhapavA lAgyA mAM lokAne tyAMnI bhUmimAMthI sonuM rUpa' sIsu lekhaDa tAMbu hIrA ane ArasanA kiMmatI paththaro sApaDayA ! ane TekarI paranA phaLadrupa pradeza para ogaLatA baraphanA pANInA siMcana thI khetI paNa vikasAvI. irAnI sAmrAjyanA rAjakIya itihAsa ane bhArata para AkramAM / irAnanA rAjakIya itihAsanA sauthI prathama samrATa dIvAsIsa hato. ane teNe sau prathama peAtAnuM pATanagara ane rAjamahela bAMdhyA hata| lazkarI saMgaThita karI tAkAta vadhArI paDozamAM bhAvelAM. zisayina ( mesopoTemiyAnA pradezanuM sAcApa ! sAmrAjye vAraMvAra karelAM Akramone lIdhe yuddhanA anubhavamAMthI sahAra karavAnI tAkAta sa" ! tyArapachI Ava nAra rAjavI sIe kakArIne akhilAnanI rAjadhAnI nirna vAhano nAza karI. pAtAnu zAsana parziyA miDIyA ane esiriyA upara sthApI dIdhuM ane eka nAnakaDA rAjyane sAmrAjyamAM palaTI nAkhyuM. I. sa. pUrve 600 Aja ra sAmAM piyAnI khaDaka sAyarasa nAmanA ziktazALI rAjA gAdI upara nirnavAhanA patrana bAda 60 varSa pachI ) i. sa. pUrve paparamAM Avyo ane I. sa. pUrve pa8 sudhI eTale ke 35 varSa sudhI tevuM rAjya karyu. teNe miDiyA sAmrajya pAsethI potAnuM rAjya (parziyA) pAchu meLabu peAtAnA lazkaro vaDe liDiyAnA rAjA kresasa para AkramaNa karI pATanagara sA`isa jItI lIdhuM ane te pachI eziyA mAinoranA dakSiNa kinAro paNa jItI lIdho. ebilezananA nagaranI majabuta divAle nADIne tenA lazkare praveza karyo. sAyarase pATanagara tarIke pasAragADhI zaherane pasada karyu I. sa. dhvanI A chaThThI sadI daramiyAna ja sAyanse bhArata upara AkramaNa karI vAyabdha sarahade AvelA gAMdhArano pradeza jItI lIdhe| vizvavikhyata itihAsakAra DurADoTasa noMdhe che te pramANe sAyarasa ekemeniyana vaMzanA rAjA hatA ane teNe adhAnistAnanA kapisA zaherane nAza karyAM hatA. temaja bhAratanA gAMdhAra pradeza para humalA karyAM hatA acAnaka thayelAM AkramaNane paheAMcI vaLavA gAMdhAranA rAjA sukakusIe magadhanA saMcAranI sahAya mAMgI hatI. paraMtu samayasara madada na maLavAthI gAMdhAra gumAvavuM paDyuM' ! te pachI sAyarasanA putra kembesIe ( i. sa. pU. 528 thI 521) pti jItavA sivAya huM I. sa. pU. papamAM A 63 huM koi ja parAkrama na karyuM... magajanI bimArIne kAraNe mRtyu pAmatAM tenI jagyAe tenA zaktizALI putra rAyasa huM i. sa. pUrve pa1 thI 485) gAdIe AvI te vahIvaTItaMtramAM nipUNa, vicakSaNa, nyAyI ane dayALu hatA. A mahAna harAyo potAnA mitra kAyalekasanI doravaNI nIce tAlIma pAmelAM ane zastra sajja sainike siMdhu nadInA taTa sudhI bhAratanI vAyabdha sarahade AvI pahoMcyA zaktizALI lazkarane lIdhe taTa pradezanA vistAro darAyase kabaje karyAM. siMdhu ane paMjAbanA keTalAka pradeza jItI laine karAnI sAmrAjyamAM bheLavI dIdhA. ane tenA DIvaTa rAjadhAnI pesi pAtrIsamAMthI karyA maDayo darAyase kotarAvelAM zilAlekhA A bAbatanI sAkSI pUre che. grIka itihAsakAra hiroDoTasanA mata mujaba 20 satrapI ( sukhAmAMtA)nA banelAM rAyasanA IrAnI sAmrAjyamAM hiMda pa eka saMtrI hatA ane rAjyanI kula AvakanA 3 bhAga darAyajhane prati varSa sonAnA rUpamAM hiMdamAMthI ) maLato hato ? karAyAnA putra asIsa (i. sa. pU. 485 thI 465) samayamAM hiMdu upara IrAnInu vasva vadhAre tu evuM ja nahi paraMtu zrIsanI dharatI para thayitI khelAyela ane sekremisanA zudhdhA sApe basIsanI doravaNI nIce viDI sainya paNa saunI sAthe laDavu ! A sainyamAM mukhyatve vAyakhya sarahadanA hiMdInA ane gAMdhAra pradezanA sazakta loko hatA, asIsanA anuyAyIe ( arvAMjha sisa vagere ) nuM bhArata para adhipatya keTalo samaya rahyuM, te nizcita rUpe kahI zakAya tema nathI. sabhava che ke i. sa. pUrve 327 nI AsapAsa ( hiMda paranA zikAranA AkramaNa samaye ) irAnI AnI bhArata paranI sattA nabaLI paDI haze. ane temaNe bhArata gumAdhyu haze ne ke te samaye bhAratanI vAyabdha sarahade AvelAM takSazilA, meTAM ane nAnA pArasanA rASA, kaThaNa rAjya. aka ( rAjadhAnI puSpa kalAvatI ), mAlava, zudraka vagere paraspara agaDatAM rahetAM hovAthI rAjakIya paristhiti kAMi bahusArI nahotI ane tethI ja mesiDo niyAnA grIka rAjavI sika Mdare tene lAbha uDAvyo. ( irAnI AkramaNanI bhAratIya sabhyatA para paDelI ara IrAnI AkramaNane kAraNe ane bhAratamAM sthapAyelAM IrAnI samAnya nI sthApanA ne lIdhe rAnIzrA pAra tathA bhAratIo ekabIjAnA saMparkamAM AvyA. pariNAme bhArata ane pazcimanA deze| vacce sabaMdhe sthApAyA. alabatta, A sabaMdho phakta hiMdanI bAhya sarahada pUratA mayarata hatA chatAM tenI paDeJI vyApaka asaro paratve ApaNe upekSA na sevI zakIe. A asarAmAM mukhyatveH - ( i ) irAnI AkramaNane lIdhe vAyavya hiMdanA keTalAka pradeza IrAnanA sIdhA aMkuza nIce. AvyA hatA, jIsIsanI netAgIrI nIce hiMdI sainika pIka lazkara Ame laDayA hatA,

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640 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 tenA pariNAma rUpe grIka-hiMdI saMparka paNa sAdhA. grIke (ii) IrAnI loko bhAratanA je pradezanA saMparkamAM hiMdathI paricita banyA ane hiMdanI samRdhithI AkarSAIne AvyA, te pradeza siMdhu nadInA vistAra hovAthI, tene teo hiMda upara AkramaNa karavA prerAyA. hiMdu' tarIke temanI bhASAmAM oLakhatA hatA; paraMtu dhIme dhIme sau videzI leke ApaNA dezane 'hiMdu" athavA "hiMda | (ii ) 200 varSa sudhI IrAnI varcasvane lIdhe bhAratIya tarIke oLakhavA lAvyA ane te divase te 'hiMdustAna" pradezamAM irAnanA zahena zAhae je vahIvaTI adhikArIo (India) tarIke oLakhAve. Ama ApaNA dezanA nAmakaraNamAM nImyA, tene pariNAme vahIvaTI padhdhattio ane praNAlikA athavA tene "hiMdustAna kahevAnI paraMparAmAM irAnI ene enI asara bhArata upara paDavA paDamI, Do. Ara. DI. benarajI. phALe nA sUne nathI. lakhe che tema ' IrAnanA bAhoza rAjanItijJa amaladArane mauyoe potAnA rAjya vahIvaTamAM sthAna ApyuM hatuM. dAtaH- | (ix) siMdha, paMjAba, vAyaya sarahadanA pradezamAM caMdragupta maurye tuzAgya nAmanA irAnI adhikArIne kAThiyA. temanA dIrdhakALanA zAsana daramiyAna bhAratanA loko upara vADanA sUbA tarIke nImyo hate. kherAka, piSAka, raheNI raNI ane vepAra vANijyanI paddhatti upara khUba moTI asara thavA pAmI hatI. videzI irAnI (iii) IrAna bhArata saMparkane pariNAme bhArata mAM prajAne bhAratIya sabhyatA para prabhAva sA na gaNya te irAnI sikakA dAkhala thayA kaSapaNu jevA rasa AkAranA sikakA IrAnI enA bhAratamAM Agamana pachI ja bhAratamAM khUba pracalita banyAM che. (3) bhArata para zrIka prajAnuM paheluM AkramaNa ane (iv) IrAnI enA bhAratamAM thayelAM Agamanane bhAratIya saMskRti para tenI paDelI asaraHkAraNe IrAnanI aDhI lipi bhAratamAM dAkhala thaI. samaya grosanI uttare AveluM rAjya te mesiDoniyA bhAratanI jatAM, e lAMbA zAsana kALa daramiyAna bhAratamAM sthapAyelI jema grIsamAM paNa eka bIjAthI taddana alipta ane pata IrAnI vasAhatane pariNAme bhArata IrAnanI ere bika lipinA pitAne svataMtra vahIvaTI tathA rAjakIya praNAlIvALAM ethe-sa paricayamAM paNa AvyuM. spA, kerinka, megArA, thalasa, ityAdi rAjya hatAM. e badhA nagara---rAje kahevAtAM bhAratanA zaktizALI magadha () mauryayugIna sthApatyakalA upara IrAnI kalAnI rAjyanI jema ja meseDoniyA tuM rAjya paNa paDozI grIka spaSTa asara jovA maLe che, ane te bhArata IrAna saMparkanuM sIdhuM pariNAma che. dA. taH - vRSabha ane siMhanI AkRtivALA nagara-rAja tI laIne sattA ane zakti vistAramAM azoka staMbhe IrAnI saMskRtinI bakSisa che. azoke ketarA satata pravRtta rahetuM hatuM. A rAjyane zaktizALI rAjavI philipa haze, paraMtu tenI prathA anya grIka rAjayonI tulanAmAM velA vividha prakAranA zilA lekhenA vicAranuM mULa IrAnanI dha sabhyatA ane saMskRtinI draSTie ucca sabhyatAne kAraNe rathApatya kalAmAM raheluM che. lazkarI draSTie meseDoniyA karatAM anya rAjyo tulanAmAM (vi) bhArata-IrAna saMparka ane saMsarga ne pariNAme pachAta rahyAM. AthI rAjA philipe grIka rAjya jItI lIdhAM, sauthI vadhu ane naioMdhapAtra vepAra ane vANijya upara thavA ane saMpUrNa zrIsa para meseDeniyAnuM Adhipatya sthApita thaI pAmI hatI. ane lIdhe banne dezo vacce paraspara vyApAra khUba gayuM. vadhe. sikaMdaranI vijayakUca - | (vii) jaLamAge vyApAranI vRddhie bhArata ---IrAna saMparkanuM mahatvanuM pariNAma paNa gaNAvI zakAya. samrATa pitAnA pitA philipanA mRtyu pachI tene pratApI putra darAyasa pahelAM e bhArata para AkramaNa karyA pahelAM pitAnA sikaMdara (elekajhAMDara ) I. sa. purve 336mAM meseDoniyana naukA senApati rakaIlekasane IrAnanA samudrataTanA jaLa mArganI sAmrAjyane adhipati bane. zaktizALI pitAe sAmrAjya sAthe sAthe siMdhu nadInA mULa mokalyo hate. skAIlekasanA nirmANa ane vistAranuM AdareluM kArya tenA putra rAjyagAdI naukAdaLe bhAratanA pazcima dizAe AvelAM sAgaranA (arabI para AvyA pachI AgaLa dhapAvyuM. I. sa. pUrve 6000 nI samudra)ne ThIka ThIka paricaya meLavyo, ane tene pariNAme AsapAsamAM pazcima eziyAmAM je suvistRta ane sabaLA bhAratanA jaLamAge thatA vyApArane khUba vega maLyo. AnuM IrAnI sAmrAjyanuM nirmANa thayuM hatu. te have lagabhaga 25 pratyakSa pariNAma e AvyuM ke bhAratane ghaNu badhA vyApArI varSo vItI jatAM ghaNuM badhuM nirbaLa banI cUkayuM hatuM ane o ane yAtrIonuM jaLamArge pazcimanA dezamAM AvAga- tenA zAsako bhegavilAsamAM rata rahevAne kAraNe rAjayakaramana zarU thaI gayuM ! bhAratamAM banatI cIja vastuo cheka bhAranI pharaja bajAvavAnuM, visarI gayA hatA. Ano barAbara ijipta ane prIsa sudhI javA lAgI ! lAbha sikaMdare uDA ! sikaMre nirbaLa banI cUkelA IrAnI Jain Education Intemational

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baMdha smRti saMdarbha 641 sAmrAjya para AkramaNa karIne eziyAmAInara vijanika vege aMte hAra maLatAM kilAmAM Azraya laI rahelA 7 hajAra jItI laI ijiptamAM praveza karyo. ane I. sa. pUrve 332mAM sainikone salAmata javAnuM vacana ApyuM; paraMtu jevA teo to IjIpta jota jotAmAM Adhina thaI gayuM ! A vijayanI bahAra nIkaLyAM ke tarata ja sikaMdare vizvAsaghAta karI nirdaya yAdamAM nAIla nadIne kAMThe elekajhADyiA nAme samRddha nagaranI rIte temanI saunI sAmUhika katala karAvI ! te pachI to sthApanA karI. e pachI te IrAka, bebilena, ninevAha, parsi- orA. enasa, bhejhIrA, dirtA vagere jItI lIdhAM ane cheka pilisa ema eka pachI eka pradezo pILAM parNonI jema aTaka sudhI lagabhaga tenAM je AvI pahoMcyA. i. sa. pUrve sikaMdaranA ajeya sainA hAthamAM tUTI paDyA ! ane chatAM 36 mAM takSazilA pahoMcatA tenA rAjA dezadrohI abhI darAyasa trIje kazu ja na karI zake; UlaTuM bhAgavA jatAM kumAre sikaMdaranuM bhavya svAgata karyuM ! sikaMdare badalAmAM tenA pitAnA ja nikee tene ghAta karyo ! vizALa ane tene tenA ja rAjyane "rAjA" miTAvI daI mAtra "gavarnara' bhavya irAnI sAmrAjyane ke karuNa aMjAma ? sikaMdare navA banAvyo ! jyAre bIjI bAjue yuddha pachI keda pakaDAyelA chatAyelA tamAma pradezamAM killebaMdhI karI aneka navA no ronuM parAjita paMjAbanA rAjA pirase sika"darate svamAnabhera javAba nirmANa karyuM ! I. sa. pUrve 335 thI 328 sudhImAM te Apyo. "tame mArI sAthe eka rAjA sAthe je rIte vartAva sikaMdare IrAna, siriyA, balakha, Ijipta, IrAka vagere rAjyo karavAmAM Ave te rIte varte !" Avo nIDara ane unnata mastake jItI lIdhAM hatA. apAyele javAba sAMbhaLI sikaMThare pirasane tenuM rAjya uparAta AsapAsa ne pradeza ApI bahumAna karyu ! paraMtu sauthI vadhu sikaMdara grIka ) nuM bhArata upara AkramaNa khuvArI svAtaMtrya priya kaTha gaNarAjya ne vahoravI paDI. tenI rAjadhAnI saMgalanane bacAvavA jatAM kaTha jAtiyo 17 hajAra IrAnI samrAjyane parAjya ApI ghasamastAM pUranI jema leke khapI gayA ane 70 hajAra keda banyA ! paraMtu, satata ghasatAM sikaMdaranA lazkara bhArata tarapha kUca karI gayAM ! mAga yudhe, dIrthayAtrA ane puravaThAnI muzkelI ne kAraNe kaMTALelA mAM AvatA kaMdahAra (dakSiNa aphadhAnistAna) jItI laI ne sikaMdaranA saunikoe baLavo kyoM ! ane koInI sAme nahIM ja riTee e kAbUla nadInI dhATImAM praveza karyo. tyAMthI AgaLa vadhI bhAratIya nukanAra sikaMdara Akhare tenA pitAnA ja sainiko sAme namyo Aryo ane IzanI onI saMyukata varatI vALuM bukhArA paNa vatana pAchA pharavA pIchehaTha zarU karI alabatta; pAchA pharatAM jItI lIdhuM ! tyAM ja tene hiMdu kuza parvata mALAmAM AvelA paNuM saupUti, zibi, agalamsa, mAlava, zuddhaka, pattala vagere koI rAjya te rAjA zaziguptano bheTo thayo te hiMdustAna nAnAM moTAM rAjyo sAthe paNa yudhdha karavAM paDyAM Ama grIkenuM mATe dezadrohI nIvaDyo ! e pachI takSazilA rAjavI AkramaNa eka vaMTaLanI jema AvyuM ane vikharAI gayuM! AbhIkumAra paNa ApaNA deza mATe dezadrohI nIvaDyo ! teNe ane chatAM, te bhAratIya lazkara, yudhAnI pUDaracanA samAja te pitAnA putra mAraphata sikaMdarane hiMda para AvavA sAme jIvana tathA sAMskRtika jIna upara gherI asaro nipajAvI. pagale cAlIne kaheNa mokalyuM; ane madada karavA vacana ApyuM hiMdanAM rAjyanI paraspara IrSyA ane phaDa phUTe ItihAsamAM grIkanA (sikaMdaranA ) AkramaNanI bhArata para paDelI kevI viSama paristhiti sajI, tene A uttama namUno che. asaraA dezadrohI enI madadathI I. sapUrve 327mAM sikaMdare irAna IjIpta, IrAka, aphaghAnistAna ane chelle chelle balucistAna ane siMdhu nadIne mAga ( kamaka ) upara vAyavya bha ratane jItanAra ane vizALa irAnI sAmrAjyanuM AkramaNa karavA sikaMdare pitAne ra ya ne be bhAga mAM vahecI nirmANa karanAra mahAna sikaMdara digvIjayI samrATa hatA. paraMtu sANasA vyuhavALA dripAMkhIyA ghasAro karyo hate ! eka siMdhu : karavuM tenA mRtyunI sAthe ja tenuM sAmrAjya zata zata vibhAgomAM nadI tarapha javAnA mArge ane bIjo pezAvarane mAge. hiMdu vibhAjIta thaI gayuM ? ane chatAM grIka prajAe bhAratamAM je stAnanI vAyavya sarahade AkramaNa karavA AMbhIkumAranA rAjya sthApyuM. tenA kAraNe temaja grIkonA bhAratIya prajA mArgadarzana heThaLa AvI pahoMce ! rastAmAM aSTaka nAmanI sAthenAM saMparka te pariNAme keTalIka noMdhapAtra asara thavA pAmI jAtie temanA rAjA esaTesanA netRtva nIce temanI rAjadhAnI che. puSpakalAvatI no 30 divaLa sudhI bacAva karyo. ane chevaTe sikaMdarane vijaya maLatAM svAta ane paMjeranI khINamAM AvelI (i) bhAratanI pazcima ane uttara pazcima sarahade je aspAsioI nAmanI prajAne tyAra bAda nIsAnA pahADI rAjyane aneka nAnAM moTAM svataMtra rAjya temaja gaNarAje AvelAM ane te pachI assake neInAmanI prajA ( rAjadhAnI maga ) hatAM temanI AjhAdI chInavAI jatAM kIka sattAnA teo para upara AkramaNa karIne jItI lIdhA. ItihAsakAroe nodhyuM taMtra banyAM bIjI bAjue magadhanA zaktizALI sAmrAjyanA che ke tene masagane kilA paranA humalA samaye te rAjA harIavaMza zizunAgavaMza ane naMdavaMzanA pratApI rAjAoe mRtyu pAmatAM tenI mAtAe lazkaranI netAgIrI-lIdhI hatI! gaMgAnI pUrva bAjue AvelA tamAma nAnAM moTAM rAjya mokalyuM; ane te ja AvavA sAme hiMdanAM rAce ja sAthenA saMparka paNa ane rAjadhAnI sudhI bacAva ke rane vijaya maLatA Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 jItI laI magadhanuM vizALa sAmrAjya zakitazALI banAvyuM TakAvavA mATe rAjakIya ektA anivArya che temaja parasparanI AnuM sidhuM parigAma e AvyuM ke je kArya videzI grIka najIvA kAraNo saranI duzmanAvaTa nirarthaka che. videzI duzmane sattAe pazcima bAjue zaktizALI gaNI AMbI porasa nI sAme laDavuM hoya ane TakavuM hoya te eka rASTriya takSazilA abhisAra vagerene harAvI temanI zakitanA hAsa moraco jarUrI che; nahIMtara parasparanI phATaphUTanA kepagu dezI karI ekaja sattAnA hAtha nIce (grIka sattA) jema sAmrAjya ke videzI sattA lAbha lIdhA -ivAya raheze nahIM, Ama AMtasaryuM teja rIte pUrvamAM maga paNa ubhuM karyuM. Ane rika saMgharSamAM aTavAyelAM rAjayonI nirbaLatAo ane nAnAM lAbha anugAmI morya samrATa caMdraguptane mA kema ke tene nAnAM rAjyonI prathAnI bina sArthakatA, zrIkonA AkramaNe mATe samagra uttara bhArata upara potAnuM ekacakI zAsana sthApI chatI ka'' dIdhI ! saMkSiptamAM sikaMdaranA AkramaNe bhAratanA vizALa utara bhAratanuM sAmrAjyanuM nirmANa karavA mATe rAjakIya ekIkaraNanA vyavahAru mArgane apanAvavA mATe mAga niSkaTaka ne saraLa banI gaye. saMkSiptamAM bhAvi rAja ane saue sAthe maLIne vipattione sAmano karavA mATe kiya ekatAnA nirmANamAM sikaMdaranA bhArata paranA vijaye pretyAhana tathA bodhapATha Apavo, je bhAvimAM khUba upayogI sahAyaka sAbita thayA kemake nahIMtara te zakitazALI gaNa puravAra thayo. STii rAjyane caMdragupta meM temane potAnA sAmrAjyanA a ta temane potAnA sAmrAjyanA aMta pachIno itihAsa paNa tenI sAbiti Ape che ke rgata bhAgo kayAreya na banAvI zakyo hota? maurya sattanuM ekacakrI zAsana jevuM vidAya thayuM ane tenA | (ii) bhAratanA pazcimI dezo sAthenA saMbaMdhanI vikalpa rUpe anya koI zaktizALI sattA samagra uttara bhAratane sthApanA tathA vikAsa karavAmAM videzI grI ke prajA khuba saDAyaka pitAnI sattA nIce ne lAvI zakI; eTale tarata ja (maurya banI zakI. alabatta sikaMdaranA AkramaNa pUrve bhAratane sAmrAjyanA patanane aMte be kiyA ane pAyAnA grIke e pazcimI dezo sAtheno saMbaMdha te hato ja, paraMtu grIka prajAnA bhAratanI eja pazcima ane vAyavya sarahadanA pradezo para saMparkane pariNAme te vadhu gADha banyo ! bhAratanA vyApArIo potAnuM Adhipatya sthApI dIdhuM ! moTI saMkhyAmAM IjIpta ane grIka javA AvavA lAyAM! prIsa (v) sikaMdaranA AkamANe bhAratIya lazkaranI nirbaLathI hiMda sudhInA vistRta sAmrAjyanI sthApanA bhAratane tAo khullI pADI parikame lazkarI saMgaphuna vizISTa tAlIma mATe upayegI ane upakAraka sAbita thaI; kema ke bhAratIya buDaracanAnuM kauzalya adyatana yuddha anivAryatA tene samabanAvaTano mAla te dezomAM khuba vecAvA lAgyo ane tyAMthI jAI AnuM pratyakSa pariNAma e AvyuM ke maurya samrATa jarUrI mAla bhArata AvavA lAgyA. Ama vepAra vANijyane pitAnA lazkarItaMtramAM e badhI nabaLI kaDIo na rahe te jhaDapI vikAsa tathA Arthika samRddhi mATe grIka prajAnuM bhAratamAM paratve jAgRta rahyA. saMkSiptamAM adyatane zastra sajaja saMgaThita Agamana phaLadAyI nIvaDayuM. ane tAlIma badha lazkarI taMtrane bhAratIya lazkarI taMtrane (iii) sikaMdare bhAratanA vijita pradezomAM potAnA amUlya vAraso maLyo je la.viSyamAM khUba upayogI nIvaDyo. lazkare je rAkhyAM hatAM te lAMbA gALA sudhI na rahI zakayAM; (vi) sikaMdaranA akamaNe ane grIkanA saMpake mAraparaMtu sAthe sAthe teo taka na maLatAM svadeza pAchAM paNa tIya netAgIrInI nabaLI kaDIo paNa khullI pADI AMbIkuna karI zakyAM, pariNAme caMdragupta maurya temAMthI ghaNA badhA mAra ane zazIgupta je vA bhIrU, nirbaLa, svArtha sattAlupa raunikane pitAnA lazkaramAM samAvI lIdhA. ItihAsakAro nedhe ane dezI rAjavIonA jIvananI kitAba mAM pa nAM janatA che te pramANe magadhanI gAdI parathI naMdasattAne ukheDI nAkhavAmAM samakSa khUTalAM thayAM ! vaLI potapotAne rAjyanI AjhAdI ane IrAnI grIka sainikone paNa caMdraguptane sAthe maLyo hato. astitvanuM rakSaNa karavAnI svAthI ane saMkucita manovRttie game tema hoya paraMtu IrAnI grIka, meseDeniyana sainikonA vALA rAjavIo samagra deza upara videzI AkramaNanI bhayaMkara bhAratamAM dIrdha vasAvATane lIdhe bhAratIya lazkarItaMtra yuddhonI Apati veLAe paNa ekatA sAdhavA jeTalI tatparatA na vyuharacanA, zastra samagranuM utpAdana temaja sabhyatA ane dAkhavI zakayA, e hakIkata paNa ApoApa janatA samakSa saMskRti upara zrIkeno prabhAva avazya pa. khulI thaI! Ano artha e nathI ke pratyeka nAnuM moTuM khulA 10 | (iv) sikaMdara ane grIka prajAnA bhArata paranAM AkamaNe rAjya sAva nirbaLa hatuM. je emaja hota te je grIka senyane bhAratanA rAjakIya visaMvAditAne khullI karI bhAratanI pazcima samagre IrAnI sAmrAjaya meLavatAM mAtra 4 varSa lAgyAM teja ane vAyavya sarahadanAM rAjyamAM je paraspara kusaMpa, verajhera sainyane vAyavya bhAratanAM nAnAM nAnAM rAjayo te meLavatAM savA ane IrSAnAM tatva pravartamAna hatAM tene pragaTa karavAnuM * traNa varSo na lAgyA hota ! ! ? kArya grIkee ja karyuM eTaluM ja nahIM paraMtu A videzI (vii) pre. ena. ena. ghoSa tema "Early HistsattAe temane bodhapATha Ape ke astitva ane AjhAdIne ory of India (Page 124)mAM jAve che ke sikaMdaranA Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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mati saMdarbha graMtha vizvavyApI abhiyAnane uddeza jItAyelA pradezomAM grIka sabhyatA pradakSiNA karI. A bana e niHzaMkapaNe vizvanA bhaugolika ane saMskRtine pracAra karavAno hato. A uzane paripUrNa jJAnamAM vRddhi karI. karavA mATe ja eziyAnA vibhinna pradezamAM lagabhaga 70 | (yii) bhAratane prAcIna itihAsa kramabaddha ane tArIkha jeTalAM nagara ane vasAhate sthApI hatI. AvI eka vasA anusAra maLatuM nathI, paraMtu I. sa. pU. 327mAM thayelA hata bekiyAmAM paNa te sthApI hatI ane grIkene tyAM sikaMdaranA AkramaNathI bhAratano itihAsa kaDIbaddha temaja sthAyI rIte vasAvyA hatA. sikaMdare je nagaro bhAratamAM sarjA tithikrama anusAra ApaNane maLyo. kadAca sikaMdaranA AkratemanA dvArA bhAratIya saMskRti ane sabhyatAnA vibhinna kSetromAM maNunA banAve ja bhAratIya itihAsanA anugAmI ane ghaNI badhI bAbatenI bakSisa maLI. zrI zeSanA mAtA sAra purogAmI banAva nI sAlavArI nakkI karavAmAM sahAya karI pazcima tathA madhya eziyAnA jaMgala mAM je grIka saMskRtine ApI. vaLI I je. sananA maMtavya anusAra sikaMdara choDa ropAyAM teNe bhAratIya saMskRti para pragADha asara pitAnI sAthe bhArata paranA AkramaNa samaye) 20 jeTalA nIpajAvI. grIka lekhakane pitAnI vijayayAtrAnuM Alekhana karavA lAgyA | (viii) grIkanI sauthI noMdhapAtra asara bhAratIya zila hatuM. temaNe bhAratanI samakAlIna rAjakIya paristhitine AMkhe kalA upara thayelI jovA maLe che. kuSANa samrATa kanike baddha dekhyo ahevAla lakhe, te nirvivAda paNe bhAratIya itihAsanAM bhagavAna ane bedhisatvanI mUti o kaMDAravA mATe beTriyA- sAdhanAmAM umero kare che. mAMthI grIka zilpIone bolAvyA hatAM. grIka ane bhAratIya samApana kalA mizrita 'gaMdhAra kalA' zailInI zilpakalA e bhAratane bhAratIya sabhyatA, saMskRti ane janajIvana upara paDelI maLele amU ya vArase che. uparokata vibhinna asarane lakSamAM laIe. te paNa eka j) cIkenA AkramaNa ane AgamananI bhAratIya bAbata taddana spaSTa che ke, te asara samagra bhArata vyApI sikkAo upara paNa nedha pAtra asara thavA pAmI dA. ta.-- ane pratyakSa ke na hatI ja, De, rAdhAkumuda mukarajI A saubhUti nAmanA nagare grIka kalAnI chAyAvALA keTalAka sikakA saMdarbhamAM lakhe che ke " grIka AkamAe bhAratIya samAja, A banAvyA hatA. paMjAbanA takSazilAmAM sikaMda nA vijayanA dharma, prajAjIvana ke sarakArI taMtra upara keI ja kAyamI cihana upalakSamAM taiyAra karelA sikakAo laNamAM cAlu thayA hatA. ke smRti mUkI nathI. " A4 maMtavyane paDa pADatAM De. itihAsa lekhaka ke e nilakaMTha zAstrI ne che ke eka sikakAnI vinsa matha lakhe che ke '' koI bhAratIya lekhake sikaMdara eka ba = " sikaMdara nI AkRti ane bIjI tarapha hAthI para ke tenA vijayenA abhiyAnanI noMdha sarakhI paNa lIdhI nathI bhAga para (pArasa)ne pIcho pakaDatA grIka azvArohInI eTale sikaMdaranA AkramaNanI saMbhava che ke koI sIdhI asara AkRtti najare paDe che. pazcimanA dezo sAthe vyApAramAM vRddhi bhArata para thaI nahIM hoya" aMtamAM Dabalyu. Dabalyu. Tarna thatAM zrIka sikakAonuM calaNa bhAratamAM vadhavA lAgyuM bhArate temanA "elekajhAMDara dhI Ta (puSTha 42 )" mAM lakhAyela ethesanA ghuvaDa zailInA cAMdInA dragsa sikakAonuM pitAnA vigatenI noMdha karI viramIe temanA matAnusAra " joke sikakAomAM anukara nuM kayuM A anukaraNanI gherI chAyA sikaMdaranA krimaNanI pratyakSa asaro hiMdamAMthI te eka ja * dinAra nAmanA bhAratIya sikakAmAM spaSTapaNe jaNAI Ave peDhInI aMdara adRzya thaI gaI ane te tA (hiMdanA ) sAhitya che! grIka sikakA zAstranI asarane pariNAme ja bhAratIya tenA AkramaNane te pIchANyuM paNa nahIM, chatAMye e AkramaNe sikakAe suDoLa kalAtmaka ane AkarSaka banyA? sadI o sudhI bhAranA itihAsane asara pahoMcADI." ( ) sikakAo paranI asara uparAMta khagoLa zAya : bhAratamAM bekiTrayAnA grIkanuM Agamana ane temanA paranI grIka asara uvekhI zakAya tema nathI. grIka khagoLa zAsananI asare- zAstranI asarane pariNAme hiMduonuM graho viSenuM jJAna (mauryettara yuga daramiyAna) vadhyuM temaja temanA nAme parathI aThavADiyAnA vAranA nAme kramazaH nirbaLa banI cUkelA ane patanane Are apAyA temaja te anusAra gaNatarI zarU thaI. AvIne ubhelA maurya sAmrAjyane lAbha jema zaMgavaMze (vi) De. rAyacaudharI naMdhe che ke sikaMdare yojelI uThAvyo teja rIte videzI AkramaNuka jAtio jevI dariyAI sapharo ane sAhasee tenA samakAlI lekenA ke bekiyAnA zIke, zake ane kuSANe e paNa tene bhaugolika draSTikoNane vyApaka banAvyuM kema ke siMdhu nadI lAbha uThAve. agAu sikaMdare sthApela eziyana pradezo AgavA mATe sikaMdare aneka heDIo mUkI pUla banAvyA paranuM grIka sAmrAjya tenA senApati selyukasa niketaranA samayamAM ane samadha lazkara pele pAra te dorI gaye. temaja potAnA sAthI maurya sAmrAjya nI jemaja (I. sa. pUrve 210 AsapAsa) enI sahAyathI IrAnanI khADI tathA makarAnanA akhAtanI chinna bhinna thaI gayuM hatuM. ane bekiyA ane pArthiyAnuM Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 nAmathI oLakhAvA lAgyuM hatuM. Ama te bekiTrayA IrAnI bhAratane anekavidha kSetromAM prabhAvita karyuM grIka prajAnA (sIrIyana) sAmrAjyano ja eka prAMta hato. ane tenI vastI saMparkanI je asara paDI tene nIce mujaba AlekhI zakAya grIka lokonI hatI. I. sa. pUrve rapa0mAM bekakriyAnA nimAyelA kSatrapa (sU) DAyeTise sIriyana samrATa nI nirbaLatA (i) bhAratIya saMskRtinA saMparkamAM AvIne aneka ne lAbha laIne svataMtra thaI gaye, ane e rIte bekiyAnA grIe ApaNA dezanA dharmone svIkAra karyo. dA. grIka rAjA grIka rAjyanI zarUAta thaI. jyAre bekiTrayAnI pazcime ane minenDare bauddha AcArya nAgasenanI preraNA ane upadezathI kAspiyana samudranI dakSiNe Avela pArthiyAnA lekanI vastI bauddha dharma aMgIkAra karyo hate. minenDare AcArya nAgasenane rIke karatAM bhinna hatI. temaNe paNa I. sa. pUrve 248 mAM puchelA praznonA meLavelA utaronA saMgraha rUpe taiyAra thayela baLavo karIne svataMtratA hAMsala karI dIdhI. A baLavAne milinda panTo' graMtha bauddha dharma ane tatvajJAnanA itihAsa tenA akesa hato tenA vaMzajo e pAMca sadI sudhI rAjya mAM sImAcihna rUpa che minenDara bhAratIya saMskRtithI eTale karya" " temanA rAjAomAM mizreiDeTasa pahele, pheTasa bIje badho prabhAvita thayA hatA ke teNe pitAnA sikkAo upara Ata bensa pahele, mizreiDeTasa bI vagere mukhya che. miksiDe. dharmacakrane aMkita karyuM hatuM. bauddha dharmanA aMgIkAra pachI sanA avasAna bAda vonisa nAmanA pArthiyane kadahAra bhAratamAM tenI kapriyatA eTalI badhI vadhI gaI hatI ke, ( AziyA) ane zakastAnamAM svataMtra rAjya sthApI, zAsana tenA mRtyu pachI vividha nagaronA loko tenI rAkha pitAne zarU karyuM; tethI tene I-3-pArthiyana sAmrAjya kahe che. tyAM laI gayA hatAM. Ama grIke ane bhAratIya vaccenA saMparkanuM sIdhuM pariNAma e AvyuM ke, aneka grIkee baudha bhArata upara zrI ane pArthayano nuM zAsana dharma bhAgavata dharmane grahaNa karyo. besanagaramAMthI maLI AvelA staMbhalekhamAM jaNAvyA pramANe heliyoDorAse vaiSNava dharmane agAu joI gayA tema maurya sAmrAjya nI nirbaLatAno svIkAra karyo hate. (A heliyADorA ane takSazilAnA rAjAe lAbha laI, ThIke ane pArthiyanee bhAra na upara AkramaNa karI. bhAra na upara AkramaNa karI. pitAnA duta tarIke zuMgavaMzanA rAjA bhAgabhadranI pAse mokalyo vAyavya sarahadanA pradeza para rAjya sthApI dIdhuM hatuM. yuthiDe hate.) masanA vaMzajona cAra rAjAomAM DimeTrIyasa, minenDara; yukeTAIjha ane heliye kalIsa hatA. zarUAtanA be rAjavI enI | (i) grIkonA saMparkane pariNAme bhAratIya jyotiSa rAjadhAnI siyAlakoTa hatI. ane pachInA be rAjavIonI zAstrane khuba sAro vikAsa thayo. grIsanA nagara rAjyomAM rAjadhAnI takSazilA hatI. A InDo-grIka rAjAoe madhya lokazAhInA mukta vAtAvaraNanA AvaraNa nIce jJAna, vijJAna aphadhAnistAna vAyavya sarahadane prAMta, paMjAba, siMdha, ane tatvajJAnano temaja vibhinna lalita kalione khuba sAro rajaputAnA vagere jItI laIne hiMdustAnamAM potAnA sAmrAjya vikAsa thayo hato. AthI temanAM vikasIta zAstronA jJAnane te phelAvo karyo hate. A sarvemAM minenDara rAjA (jeNe pAchaLathI lAbha bhAratane maLyo. bhAratanA jyotiSazAstramAM grIka jyoti baudha dharma svIkAryo hate ) khUba vikhyAta ane zakitazALI thanA ghaNA viddhAMte grahaNa karavAmAM AvyAM. dA. ta. bhAratIya hatA. jyAre inDo-pArthiyana sAmrAjyane cAra rAjAomAM jyotiSa zAstramAM zrI AcAryoe polisa sidhAMtanI nenisa, zyalahora, aya ane genDo rUnisa hatA. temanuM ApelI bheTa. zAhana kAbula, gAMdhAra ane siMdhunA pradeza upara pravartamAna hatuM. A sarvemAM gonDonisa khUba zakitazALI hatA ane (ii) bhAratanI nATayakalA ane nATayazAstrane samRddha teNe zasattAne siMdha tathA paMjAbamAMthI nAbuda karI hatI. banAvavAmAM zrIkono phALo khUba oMdhapAtra che. grIke (pavano) teNe (I. sapUrve 20 thI 4pa) saMta thomasanA upadezathI nI nATayakSetre je viziSTa bakSisa che temAM yavanikA (javanikAprerAIne khristI dharma aMgIkAra karyo hato. paraMtu tenA mRtyu paDado), vezabhUSA, rAjAveza vagere mukhya che. bhAratamAM pahelAM paDadA vagara ja nATako bhajavatAM ane tethI nATakanA pAtra rahasya pachI inDo-pArthiyana sAmrAjya chinna bhinna thaI gayuM. ke jijJAsA pragaTa thaI jatI. nATakanA pAtronA abhinaya tathA grIko ane pArthiyAnanA zAsananI bhArata paranI asare uThAva mATe "paDado' rAkhavAnI prathA khUbaja upakAraka sidhdha sikaMdaranA AkramaNanI aitihAsika mAhitI jeTalA thaI. pramANamAM maLe che teTalI bekiTyAnA jhIjhe ke pAthiyAna (iv) A yugane bhAratIya sikkAo upara grIkane AkramaNanI vigate maLatI nathI, paraMtu bhAratanI pazciza ane - prabhAva paNa dhyAnamAM levA jevo che. DimeTrIyasane Agamana vAyavya sarahade A zrIkenuM je sthira ane svataMtra zAsana pUrve bhAratamAM pracalita sikkAo (paMca mApha Da) suMdara ane sthApita thayu tenI bhAratIya itihAsa saMskRti upara ghero suDoLa na hatA; paraMtu tenI asarane lIdhe bhAratIya prabhAva paDyo A grIka rAjaya lagabhaga doDha sadI sudhImAM rAjAoe paNa pitAnA sikakAomAM suMdaratA ane suDoLatA bhAratamAM rahayuM ane e dIrdhakALa paryata temaNe (zrIe) ANI. A mATe kalAtmaka bIbAM (DAI paNa banAvyAM. A nAvavAmAM Ajya che. utta. para, upadeza Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha" praya uparAMta grIkonI asara mUti'vidhAnanI kalA zilpakalA) nA kSetre paNa vartAi Ave che. grIka bhAratIya kalAnA saMyojanathI anelA 'gAMdhAra zailI nI kalAvALI aMga ane upAMgAne temaja vastrAla kArAne Abehuba rIte raju karatI nirmANa thavA lAgyuM. grIka kalAnI asarane lIdhe bhAratIya kalAmAM 'Art is for art sak' nA Ada, apanAvyo. vAstavadarzI nirUpaNu e (tyAra bAda) bhAratIya kalAne Atma mUrtionu kho. samApanaH- mauyettara yugamAM bhAratanI aMdara videzI prajAonA AgamanamAM sau prathama zrIkA hatA ane tyArabAda zake tathA kuSANo, zrIkAnI nedhapAtra bhAratIya saMskRtinA nATayakalA, sikkA pADavAnI kalA. zilpakalA, khagoLa zAstra, jayotiSa zAstra, bhAratIya dharmo ane ane tatvajJAnanA kSetromAM paDelI akarA kAlAntare paNa cirasmaraNIya khanI raheze. e hakIkata niAve vAda che. (5) bhAratamAM rAka-kSatrapa prajA prajAnu Agamana ane bhAratIya saMskRti upara paDelI asare ( 5 ) bhUmikA bhAratanI vAyavya sarahada parathI grIka mAsanane dUra karanAra zaka prajA (bIju nAma skAithiyana ) mULa madhyaeziyAnu bhaTakatu ge|pa jIvana gALatI prajA hatI. mauya sAmrAjyanuM i, sa, pUrva 186nA arasAmAM patana thatAM chinna bhinna thaI gayelI bhAratanI rAjakIya ekatAneA lAbha lai vAyavya sarahadethI je videzI prajAonA ghADAM bhArata upara utarI AvyA temAM grIko uparAMta zake ane kuSANeA paNa hatA. jaMgalI ane rakhaDuM jIvana jIvatI haNu yuddhe-cI ane kuzANu TALIee zakAne madhyaeziyA mAMthI irAna, IrAnamAMthI adhAnistAna ane aphadhAnistAna mAMthI bhArata tarapha khasavA pharaja pADI piraNAme zake temaja bIjI yahulava jAtine bekiTrayAmAM Azraya levA paDayA AthI prathame temaNe zrIkA ( yavaneA ) upara AkramaNa karyuM ane te bhArata para caDhI AvyA temanA sau prathama rAjavI (mAruM) ( enta ) hatA ane teNe peAtAnu rAjya gAMdhAra takSazilA ane paba sudhI vistAryuM hatuM. (ba) bhAratamAM zaka kSatrAnu zAzana : bhAratamAMthI grIkonA zAsanane dUra karavAmAM zakAnA phALeA zvama meTA che, mejha pachI tenA jamAi ajhIjha pahelA ane te pachI tenA putra alirAsa ane te pachI annIka khIje gAdIe AvyA hatA, A rAjAee vArasAmAM maLelA sAmrAjayamAM saurASTra aphaghAniratAna sigha vagere prAMtA jItIne umeryAM. 45 bekiTrayAmAMthI AvelA zakAe bhAratamAM mukhyatve cAra sthAne ( 1 ) takSazilA ( 2 ) mathurA ( 3 ) mALavA, (4) saurASTra mAM peAtAnu rAjya sthApyuM hatuM. vizALa zakasAmrAjya upara satrA ( sukhAe ) dvArA vahIvaTa calAvatA AvA subAe be prakAranA hatA. (1) uttaranA zaka-kSatrA jemanA vahIvaTa aphadhAnistAna, mathurA ane takSazilAnA kSatrapone samAveza thatA hatA ane (2) pazcimanA zaka-kSatrA jemAM mALavA ane saurATrAnA kSatrapAne samAveza thatA hutA uttaranA zaka-kSatrAmAM Do. rAdhA caudharInA matAnusAra ( maNikapAlA abhilekhamAM darzAvyA pramANe (1) kApiziNAMdhAra nA kSatrapa tarIke traNa vyahanA putra hatA, (2) puSpapuranA kSatrapanuM nAma niha hatu ane (3) ahiMsAra prasthanagara nA kSatrapanuM nAma zivasena hatu. A uparAMta liyAka kuluka ( takSazilAne ) patika ( mathurA ) manigala ane tenA putra jaheAAnaka puSpa kalA vI) ane cukSA( takSazilA pAse ), indravana, IsTa vana zAsa ( gAnDA ni`sa rAjAnA kSatrapa tarIke ) hugAna; hanAmasa, rAjula, ane ze|kArI mathurA vagere mukhya che. ( jayAre pazcimanA zaka-kSatrapeAmAM kSaherAta kULanA bhUmaka ane nahupAna ( nAsika ), uSavadata athavA RSabhadattane ( sAmrAjayanA dakSiNa bhAgamAM ) caSTana ( ujajaina ) rUdradAmana saurASTra ) ane tenA pachI kula 17 kSatrayA vArApharatI sattA sthAne AvyA hatA. aMtima kSatrapa rUdrasiMha trIjA gupta samrATa vikramAditye I. sa. 398 mAM harAvIne tenuM rAjaya magadhanA sAmrAjamAM vilIna karI dai huMmezane mATe pazcimI zaka kSatrapa sattAnA aMta ANyo. uparAMta sarve zaka- kSatrapa rAjavIemAM bhUma, naDDayAna ane rUdradAmana mukhyatve che. rUdradAmane te satta, sAmrAjaya vahIvaTItaMtra sAhitya, kalA vagerene vistAravAmAM temaja vikasAvavAmAM ajoDa phALA ApyA hatA. bhAratamAM AvelI videzI zaka prajAnuM che. sa. 68mAM zarU thayeluM zAsana zarU thayeluM zAsana cheka I. sa. 398 sudhI eTale ke lagabhaga 300 varSa sudhI TakayuM temanA A dIrghakALa paryaMta bhAratamAM sAtavAhana sAmrAjayane sU madhyAhanane tapatA hatA ane bIjI khAju videzI kuzANu prajAnuM sAmrAjaya paNa bhAratamAM AkAra laI cUkayuM hatuM. zakenA A lAMbA vasavATa ane zAsana daramiyAna teo sAtavAhana ivAku, vaizAlInA licchavIe vagerenA sa'paka'mAMAvyA hatA; eTaluM ja nahIM paraMtu temanI sAthe rAjakIya ane sAmAjIka saMbaMdho gADha rIte vikasAvavA peAtAnI kanyAe rAjakumAra sAthe paraNAvI hatI. Ama, zAka prajA bhAratIya samAja sAthe jhaDapathI bhaLavA lAgI hatI,

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 (ka) bhAratIya samAja ane saMskRti upaka zaka sattAnI saciva jevA be prakAranA adhikArI nImyA hatA, atisaciva paDelI asaraH rAjayanI nIti ghaDanArA ane kamasaciva te nInine amala lagabhaga traNa varSanA dIrdha zAsanane pariNAme karanArA maMtrIo hatA A maMtrIonA hAtha nIce adhikArIo bhAratanA vibhinna kSetre zakanI je asara paDI tene saMkSipta ane karmacArI varga saMpAyelI pharaja bajAvate dA.tA :- I. sa 15 mAM ativRSTine kAraNe giranAra ( saurASTra ) " senA mAM A pramANe darzAvI zakAya. sudarzana taLAvano baMdha tUTI javAthI amAtya suvizAkhanI | (i) bhAratAnA vyApAra rojagArane kSetre zonA zAsana vinaMtine mAna ApI prajA pAsethI karaverA lIdhA sivAya nI gherI asara paDI hatI. bhAratamAM AMtarika vyApa ranI rAjayanA kharce thaDAka ja vakhatamAM rUddhadAmane majabuta baMdha vRddhinI pazcimanA dezo sAthe vyApAra vikasAvavAmAM ane baMdhAvyuM hatuM. phALe khUba moTo che nAhyAna nAmanA zaka rAjavInA samayamAM maLI AvelA senA-cAMdInA sikkAo puravAra kare che ke | (v) zaka-kSatrapa rudradAmane bhAratIya saMskRti ne pazcimanA deze ane khAsa karIne rema sAtheno bhAratane sAhitya, kalA ane aneka zAstromAM ApelI bakSisa mUlyavAna vyApAra e gALAmAM khuba vikasyo hate. che. te pote saMskRta bhASAmAM gadyapadyanI racanAo karI jANa temaja sAhitya ane kalAne upAsaka paNa hatuM. tenA rAjya| (ii) bhAratano ItihAsa jANavAnA sAdhanamAM vRddhie kALa daramiyAna vyAkaraNa ( zabda vidyA ) saMgIta zAstra (gAMdharva bIjI noMdhapAtra asara karI zakAya kemake mathurAne siMhadevaja vidyA) artha zAstra ( artha vidyA) tarka zAstra (tarka vidyA) abhilekha bauddhadhamI zaka rAjA (mejha liyAka ane patikane azva parIkSAne lagatuM zAstra vagerene khUba sAro vikAsa ulekha karate temaja takSazilAnI rAjadhAnI tarIke ullekha thayuM hatuM. teNe kotarAvele giranAra pAsene sudarzana taLAvane karato ) 1927mAM mArzale zeghela takSazilAnA sihavara veja lagate lekha (aze kanA dharmalekhanI bIjI bAjue) saMskRta ikizanA mathurA pAsenA merA sthaLethI maLI Avela gadyanI uttara zailIne namUne che. aya, ratha, kustI paTTAabhilekha, kSaharAta ane na kULanA rAjavIonA vividha bAjI, zAstro vagerenI ramata ane spardhAo tenA samayamAM sikakAo saMskRta bhASAmAM lakhAyele rUdradAmanane sarakArI khUba vikasI hatI. A sarve bAbata e bhAratIya saMskRttine abhilekha (sudarzana) taLAvanA samArakAma ne lAgato azoka vadhu samRdhdha ane vaividhyalakSI banAvI. giranAranA lekha vagere etihAsika sAdhano prAcIna bhAratanA ItihAsane jANavA mATe AdhArabhUta ane vizvasanIya mAhitI (vi) mathurAnA zaka kSatrapa ( hagAna, hagAmasa, rAjala purI pADe che. ane sudAsa e bauddha dharma svIkAryo hato. bauddha dharmane videzI rAjAo vaDe rAjyAkSaya maLa thI mauryayuga pachI zuMga, (iii ) bhAratIya sikakA kalA upara paNa zakattAnI kava ane sAta vAhana vaMza daramiyAna brAhmaNa dharmanuM hindu asara nedhapAtra rIte jaNAI Ave che, kSaharAta ane rASTrana- samAja ane saMskRti upara prabhutva sthapAI rahyuM hatuM, tevA kuLanA rAjavIo bhUmaka nahapAna rUddAmana vagere nA senAnA samayamAM bauddha dharmane punaH tenA sthAna upara sthApita karI cAMdInA temaja mathurAmAMthI prApta thayelAM vividha sikakAo zakAya. alabatta videzI grIka rAjA nenDarano phALo paNa nA AkAra dhAtuo kalA kArIgIrI; rAjAonA rAjyavistAra nAno sUno na hato. pramANenA ketarAyelA vizeSaNe temaja zakasaMvata vagere bAbate ApaNene khUba upayogI nIvaDI che. prAcIna bhAratanI kaDIbaddha (6) bhAratamAM kuzANu prajAnuM Agamana ane bhAratIya itihAsa jANavA mATenA sAdhanamAM e sikakAe alabata samAja tathA saMtta upara paDelI asareH - ni: saMka paNe umere kare che, paraMtu te uparAMta bhAratIya maurya sAmrAjyanA patana bAda bhAratanI vAyavya sarahasikakAomAM suDoLatA suMdaratA ane kalAtmakatA lAvavA mAM , paNa te saDAya rUpa banyA che. A sikakAo parathI ja zake, dethI je videzI prajAonA humalA vAyavya saraDade thayA, temAM zAsana kayA kayA pradeza upara vistarelu hatu ane kayA kayA nI eka paradezI pra 1 kuzANa hatI kuzAge mane te cInanI bhAratIya rAjAo sAthe temanA rAjakIya ane sAmAjIka saMbaMdha vAyavya sarahadanI bAjumAM Avela kAna sU prAMtamAM rahetI. hatA te paNa jANI zakAya che. yu-cI jAtinA hatA. cInanA zaktizALI saTa zI- haMga -TI (I. sa. pUrve 246 thI 21 e ja gaprasiddha divAla (iv) zaka sattAe kepagI zAsanano eka utama bAMdhIne jaMgalI haNa jAtinAM ToLAMne hAMkI kADhayA, eTale Adarza pUro pADayo rUddhadAmana jevA kuzaLa vahIvaTakartAe haNonuM dabANu yuddhe cI jAta para vadhatAM, e jAti tyAMthI vahIvaTItaMtrane kAryakSama ane jhaDapI nirNaya laI tene tarata (kAna-sU) prAMtamAMthI sthaLAMtara karIne madhya eziyAmAM AvI ja amala thAya tevuM banAvavA mATe atisaciva ane karma- ne vasI. thoDA samaya pachI haNene bIjI vAranA dabANane Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha kAraNe A jAti IrAna ane aphaghAnistAna tarapha AgaLa tenA pazcima eziyAmAM pracAra tathA prasAranI aMdara khuba vadhI, ane za. lekone hAMkI kADhI ekasAsa nadInI khINamAM moTo phALo Ape hate, baudhdha sAdhu ane mahAkavi azvaghoSanA be kiyAmAM) AvIne vasI. ahIMthI A jAti kula pAMca upadezathI kuzANa samrATa kaniSka bomba dhama svI kAyo hato, vibhAgomAM vaheMcAI gaI; ane pAMca rAjyo sthapAyAM; temAnA aTaluM ja nahi paraMtu pravartamAna dhArmika matamatAMtare dUra eka rAjyanuM nAma "kueI-zuAMga" hatuM. I. sa. pUrve karavA mATe baudhdha AcArya pArzvanI salAhathI kAzmIramAM 25nA arasAmAM A rAjayamAM thaI gayela vAMga nAmanA vIra AvelA kuMDalikA vihAramAM vasumitra sAdhunA pramukhapade cothI puruSe (je pAchaLathI kujula kaDa phisIsa) anya se yu he jI boddha dhama pariSada teNe bolAvI hatI, Aja pariSadane aMte rAjyone jItI laI pitAne adhikAra jamAvI dIdhe; ane bauddha dharmanA hinayAna ane mahAyAna evA be paMthe paDayA te pachI teNe paDezamAM AvelA pArthiyana ane zaka rAjyo hatA. tenA darabArane AdhaSa, vasumitra, nAgArjuna, jevA upara paNa humalAe karyA keTalAkanA matAnusAra yuhe - cI baudhdhA cAyo ane caraka tathA mAThara jevA vidvAno bhAvatA jAtinI pAMca zAkhAo paikI kueizuAMga jAtinuM nAma hatuM; hatA. A hakIkate ni : zaka paNe bhAratIya saMskRtine AdhyAane te zaktizALI jAtie anya cAra jatine jItI laI tmika temaja tatva jJAnanA kSetre samRdhdha karavAmAM sahAyaka pitAnuM varcasva sthApyuM. hatuM. samaya jatAM tenA nAma parathI banI che. ja kuzANu jAti nAma ApyuM hatuM, kuzANa jAtano sauthI baLavAna rAjavI kula kaDaphisIsa (pahelA) hatuM. teNe pAMca (ii) jyAre bIjA kazANa samrATa vIma kaDa kisIsa ane jAtane ekaThI karIne hiMda tarapha rAjA vistAra zarU karyo. chelle rAjavI vAsudeva pahele (temanA nAma upara paNa bhArateNe hiMdu kuzanI dakSiNe AvelA prIka tathA zaka pahalanAM tIya saMskRttinI keTalI asara che!) zaivadharma hatA AthI rAjyo jItI laIne sAmrAjya vistAra karyo, pariNAme vAyavya temanA dvArA e dhamane rAjyAzraya maLatAM te kSetromAM ThIka sarahada siMdha, kAbula kaMdahAra, paMjAbanA rAjyo tenA adhi- ThIka pagati thai hatI. vIma kaDa phisIsa rAjAnA to sikkAo patya AvatAM bhAratamAM kuzAganuM sAmrAjaya sthapAyuM. I. sa. upara trizuLa, ziva naMdI vagerenI AvRttio jovA maLe che. pUrve 25thI I. sa. 6 5 sudhI tenuM zAsana cAlyuM. te pachI vIma kaDaphicIsa i. sa. 6pa thI 75 kaniSka (I.sa. 78thI | (iii) kuzANa samrAToe bhAratamAM zilpa ane sthA102) vasiSTha (I. sa. 102- 106) haviSka (I. sa. 106 patya kalAnA vikAsamAM noMdhapAtra phALo Apyo hato. samrATa 5 thI 138 kaniSka bIje (I. sa. 138 thI 145) ane kuzANa kaniSka vasAveluM "kaniSkapura' (kAmira ) ane haviSka rAjAe vaMzano chele samrATa vAsudeva pahele (I. sa. 145tho176) vasAveluM haviSkapura) kAmira sthApatya kalAnA suMdara namUnAo ema kuzANuvaMzamAM kula 7 rAjAoe maLIne bhArata upara hatA. kanakanA samayamAM pASANamAM ka DarAyelI mUti A kula 200 varSa sudhI rAjya karyuM hatuM. be sadInA bhArata gAMdhAra kalAnA uttama zi9pAkRttio che. teNe pezAvaramAM paranA paradezI kuzANa vaMzanA zAsana daramiyAna bhAratIya Ubhe karAvele 4 0 phUTa UMce ane 13 majala vALA lAkasamAja, sabhyatA ane saMskRti upara ThIka ThIka asaro thavA DAne stUpa zilpa ane saMpatya kalAnA vikAsane sAkSI che. pAmI hatI. niba La banatI jatI zaka samrATa kuzA sattAnA kuzANa samrATanA suMdara ane AkarSaka sikakAo upara buddhanA mayura, rajaputAnA, mALavA, saurASTra, gujarAta vagere pradeza cihane jovA maLe che. TUMkamAM A yuga daramyAna bhAratamAM rUdradAmane jItI lIdhA hatA. I. sa. nI trIjI sadImAM kuzA zilpa, sthApatya sAhitya, kalA vagereno vikAsa khUba thayo rAjavIonuM rAjya sarahada prAMta puratuM ja maryAdita banI gayuM hatuM. rAjadhAnI puruSa pura (pezAvara )mAM kaniSka aneka bauddha hatuM. vihAra ane maTho baMdhAvyA hatA vaLI stUpe maDhe mUrtio ane vihAre dvArA saMskAra ane kalAnA dhAmamAM mayurAne kuzANonA zAsananI bhArata para paDelI asara:-- pUba zaNaga. zuM hatuM. eja rIte nAM baMdhAyeluM rAjadhAnInuM kuzANAnA dIrdhazAsana kALano prabhAva bhAratIya samAja puSpa purane sAhitya, kalA, vidyA, dharma ane saMskRtinuM kendra jIvana ane saMskRti upara paDaye, tenI AchI rUparekhA A banAvyuM. jenI sarakhAmaNI pATalIputranI pratijJA jhAkhI paDavA pramANe varNa zakAya. lAgI. (!) kuzANonA bhArata paranA zAsananI sauthI pragADha (iv) kuzANu zAsananI sauthI vadhu asara bhAratIya asara baudhdha dhama upara thavA pAmI hatI. kuzANAne prathama vepAra ane vANijya upara paDI hatI. kuzANa samrATa vIma rAjavI bhula kaDaphisIsa pratApI ane prasidhdha samrATa kaniSka kaDa phisIsanA samayamAM rAma ane anya pazcima yuropIya 3ra varSa 'zAsana bhegavanAra rAjA haviSka vagere bauddha dharmI dezo sAthe bhAratane vepAra khUba vadhe hate. samRddha rAmana rAjAo hatA ane temaNe bauddha dharmane rAjyo zreya ApI sAmrAjya sAthe bhAratano vyApAra vadhavA chatAM e leNadeNanI pAra kalAnI uttama chepAyANemAM kalara thI namUnAo Jain Education Intenational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 tulAmAM saravALe te bhAratanuM ja paluM namatuM rahyuM hatuM. hatA. e samaye cInanI rAjakIya sthiti chinna bhinna hatI. kadAca AthI ja romana ItihAsakAra plInI kaDavI phariyAda rAjakIya ekatAno abhAva hato. sAta vibhAgamAM vibhAjIta kare che ke romamAMthI puSkaLa pramANamAM sonuM bhAratamAM cInanA zaktizALI sIna vibhAge bAkInA vibhAgone jItI ghasaDAI jAya che" vIma kaDa phisIsanA senanA sikaDA paNa laI vizALa sAmrAjya sthApyuM; ane jaMgalI tathA jhanunI A bAbatanI sAkSI pUre che. hRNa jAtine tyAMthI hAMkI kADhayA; eTaluM ja nahi paNa cIna (1) kuzANa samrATa kaniSkanA samayathI zaka saMvata zarU pradezanA zaktizALI samrATa zI -hu -TI I. sa. pUrve thayo hato. temAM keTalAka vidvAno mAne che kemake kaniSkane 246 thI 210) e jagaprasiddha cInanI divAla bAMdhI ne rAjyA rahaNane samaya i. sa. 78 che. rAjyA rehaNanA duzamana haNothI bacavA rakSaNa mATe killebaMdhI karI. AthI varSathI cAlu karela zaka saMvata tenA anugAmI rAjAoe nirAza ane hatAza banelA haNe vastI vRddhi, verAna pradeza mALavAmAM cAlu rAkhyuM hatuM jene pAchaLathI dakSiNamAM ane pratikuLa vAtAvaraNane lIdhe sAibiriyAnA pradezano (mULa vatanano tyAga karyo. ane temanI ToLI pazcima yuropa tarapha laI gayA hatA. Aje paNa da. bhAratamAM mahArASTrI zaka gaI ane bIjI veta nAmanI ToLI ekasAsa nadInI khINamAM saMvata cAlu che. ane bhAratanA jyotiSioe A saMvata AvIne vasI A pradezamAM vasatI yuhe. cI prA (pAchaLathI apanAvyo che. A kuzANu prajA) ne hAMkI kADhI tarImakAMThAno pradeza kanse karyo. (i) kuzAgu vaMzane ane temAMye samrATa kaniSkane cInI samrAToe ahIM paNa haNene pIcho karyo eTale teo samagra samaya zAMtine kALa hatuM. tene rAjya amala daramiyAna bhAratanI vAyavya-sarakhuda tarapha khasyA. haNe be vAraMvAra bhArata eka paNa baLa ke baMDane prasaMga nAMdhAyo nathI. AvA uparanA AkramaNe ane sAmano videzI jaMgalI ane pharI zAMtinA yugamAM bauddha dharma khUba vikasyo eTaluM ja nahIM haNonA AkramaNe bhArata upara vAraMvAra thayA ane gupta paraMtu te cheka cIna ane jApAna sudhInA dUranA pradezamAM samrAToe temane mArI haThAvyA. phelAya Ama kuzANavaMza daramiyAna bhAratane bauddha dharma samagra eziyAno dharma banI cUkyo bauddha dharmanI sAthe (1) sauthI paheluM AkramaNa kuzANo bhAratamAM nabaLAM sAthe bhAratIya saMskRtinI suvAsa eziyAmAM prasarI tethI paDatAM paMjAba ane kAzimara para haNAe AkramaNa karI lU - kuzANu prajAnI te meTAmAM moTI sidhdhI ane asara gaNAvI zarU karI. paraMtu I. sa. 320mAM gupta samrATa caMdragupta joIe. pahelAe temane harAvyA. (vii) ane aMtamAM kuzA zAsana daramiyAna sAhitya (2) te pachI 60 varSa sudhI haNe bhArata upara Akraane kalA kSetre thayeluM viziSTa sajana temaja bhAratIya, kalA, maNa na karI zakyA paraMtu I. sa. 400nI aMdara temaNe humalo tathA sAhitya upara temane paDele prabhAva visarI zakAya tevo karI gAMdhArano pradeza lUMTa. nathI. De. rAya caudharI temanA poliTikala hisTrI opha enazanTa inDiyAmAM nedhe che te pramANe mahAkavi azvaghoSa, (3) I. sa. 450mAM te pharIthI bhArata upara caDI sAhityakAra vacchamitra, mahAyAna saMpradAyanA praNetA nagAna AvyA eTale gupta samrATa kumAragupta temane mArI haThAvyAM. AyurvedAcArya caraka, maMtrIo mAThara ane saMdharakSaka dIka - {4) paraMtu pAMca varSa pachI pharIthI I.sa. 455 mAM Ijanera ejIsIlasa vagere vibhUtioe kuzANu rAjayanI temaNe bhArata upara AmaNa kayuM ane gAMdhAra ka je karyuM. sAhityika, dhArmika vahIvaTI vaijJAnika, dArzanika ane kalAtmaka te samaye gupta samrATa & dagu nuM zAsana cAlatuM hatuM. zretre (bhAratIya saMskRtinA ghaDataramAM) AgaLa te bhAga dapti temane vIratApUrvaka sAmano karyo. ane dezanI bhajavatI hatI. "mahAkavi azvaghoSa racita buddha caritama sImA nI pele pAra ? mahAkAvya saMskRta sAhityanI uttama kRti gaNAya che. (viii) kuzANa samrATa kaniSka sau prathama ja vAra hindanuM A (5 teramANa pachI huNono senApati ane rAjavI mihirala (bIjA uccAra pramANe mihiragula) banyo te sAmrAjya vistArIne cIna sudhI ( bihAranA dezo sudhI ) atyaMta krura ane jhanunI hatA. teNe pitR vArasAmAM maLela vistAryuM. bhArata bahAra sAmrAjyane vistAravAne yaza kuzANuM jAtine ja jAya che. gAMdhAranA rAjya uparAMta guptAnI paDatIno lAbha laI kAzimara, paMjAba, rajapUtAnA, mALavA, ane uttara pradezanA keTalAka (7) bhAratamAM hRNu prajAnuM Agamana ane bhAratIya bhAgo vagere jItI laI bhAratamAM pitAne rAjya vistAra karyo saMskRti tathA samAja para paDelI asara-- ItihAsakAro paNa bhavya gupta sAmrAjyanI paDatImAM ha NAnA I. sa. pUrvanI cethI sadInA arasAmAM bhaTakatuM jaMgalI AkramaNane khUba mahatva Ape che. joke samudra gupta, kumAragupta jIvana jIvatA haNe (uttara cInanA pradezamAM moTe bhAge vasatA skaMdagupta, narasiMhagupta" bAla ditya,' bhAnuM gupta ane Jain Education Intenational

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ati saMdarbha praya 648 mALavAnA yazodharmane pitapatAnI zakita ane sAmarthya (ii) haNanA bhAratamAM Agamana ane sthira jIvana anusAra haNenA humalAone vIratA pUrvaka khALavAnA prayatno zarU karyA pachI teo bhAratIya samAjamAM bhaLI gayA. bhAratIya karyA hatA. ane chatAM haMgAnuM zAsana vadhena bhAIonA samaya prajA sAthe temano saMparka vadhatAM parasparanAM lagna ane sudhI bhAratamAM TayuM; aMte I. sa. pa65 mAM IrAnanA bAdazAha kauTumbika jIvane mizra jAtionuM sarjana karyuM. pariNAme nI sahAya thI videzI AkramaNa khera prajA turkoe haNonuM bhAratIya hindu samAjamAM aneka jJAtio ene peTA jJAtio rAjya chinna bhinna karI nAMkhyuM. tethI haNo ane gurjare ubhI thaI. jaMgalI ane krUra haNe bhAratamAM sthira thatAM pramANamAM (temanA ja eka kULanA gUrjara pratihAre) e pazcima rAja- zAMta ane sahajIvananI tamannAvALA banatA gayA. ane tethI sthAna ane parva gujarAta tarapha sthaLAMtara karI javuM paDyuM. hindu samAjanI jAra Ahnira jevI nIcI gaNAtI kemomAM ane tethI ja mabhUmi, mALavA ane lATa (saurASTra) pradezamAM teo khUba saraLatAthI bhaLI gayA. atyAre bhAratamAM rahelA gUrjaree sattA jamAvI. e ja arasAmAM gAMdhAra pradezamAMthI rajapUte uttara ane madhya gujarAta, rAjasthAna ane saurASTra, hAnI sattAne teDavAne prala.Akara vardhane siMhanAda senApati gurjara ane haNu ToLIomAMthI ja utarI AvelA che. haNanA ane rAjI avaMtikAnI sahAyathI haNe upara pracaMDa vege AgamanathI bhAratathI bhAratanI jJAtiprathA jaTila ane mizra AkramaNa karI zAkala zAkala (siyAlakeTa nI pele pAra banI gaI. haNa lekee bhAratI dhamene svIkAra karIne bhAratI dhakelI daI, temanA bhArata parana! zAsana no haMmezane mATe ya samAja ja eka aMga banI gayA hatA. e vAtanI pratiti aMta ANyo che ke temano saMpUrNa paNe aMta te I. sa. ApaNane emAMthI thAya che ke, bhAratamAM zrIke, zaka, kuzANo 606 mAM Avyo, kemake prabhAkara vardhananA putra rAjya vardhana ane haNe jevI aneka videzI Akumaka prajAo AvI ane aNadhAryo humalo karI himAlaya nI durgama parvatamALA oLaMgI bhAratIya samAjamAM dUdhamAM sAkaranI jema evI te bhaLI gaI tyAM bharAI rahelA haNene karI nAkhyA. che ke atyAranI bhAratIya prajAomAM keNu mULa kaI prajAnA pratinidhi che te kahevuM muzkela che. A badhI jAtie khUba hUnI bhAratIya saMskRti para paDelI asara moTI saMkhyAmAM bhAratamAM pravezI atyAre hAla temAMthI koI paNu prajAnI alaga sattA bhAratamAM nathI. bhAratIya samAjane lagabhaga eka sadI sudhI I. sa. 455 thI 560 bahuvidhatA ApavAnuM kArya A badhI prajAoe ja karyuM bhArata upara rAjya karanAra videzI hUNa prajAnI sattA ane kemake hiMdu samAjamAM teo otaprota thaIne hiMduonI ja zAsana mukhyatve karIne uttara ane pazcima bhAratamAM ja hatA. vividha jAtiomAM Aje temanI gaNanA thavA lAgI che. ane chatAM bhAratanA rAjakIya, sAmAjika, sAMskRtika ane dhArmika asara vartAI Ave che Do. vinsenTa smitha ne tyAM sudhI | (ii) guptayuga daramyAna haNonA AkramaNane bhAratIya noMdhe che ke "uttara ane pazcima bhAratanA rAjakIya ane sabhyatA ane saMskRti upara khUba viparita asara thavA pAmI. ane sAmajika itihAsamAM haNonAM AkramaNa parivartana karI dezanI zAMti ane salAmatI mATe videzI hUNa prajA paDakAra biMdu banI rahe che." A asarane A pramANe ullekhI rUpa sAbita thaI, pariNAme "suvarNa yugIna prAcIna guptazakAya. bhArata' jota jotAmAM tenI samRddhi ane vikAsa gumAvI beThAM sAhitya, kalA, jJAna, vijJAna, zilpa ane sthApatyane vikAsa | (i) rAjakIya draSTie jotAM haNu prajAe bhavya, samRdhdha rUMdhAI gaye, Na saradAra mihirazula te eTale badhe kara ane zakita zALI gupta sAmrAjayanA pAyA hacamacAvI ane jhananI hatuM ke bhAratanI jagaprasiddha takSazilA vidyAnAkhyAM. temanA AkramaNe e gupta sAmrAjyanA patanamAM pIne nAza karyo. kahuNanI 'rAjataraMgiNI" ane gvAliyaranA sIdhI ke ADakataro bhAga bhajavyo haNanA AkramaNane kAraNe abhilekha parathI jaNAya che ke AvA ra samrATa paNuM zaiva mahA mahenate nimAyelI bhAratanI rAjakIya ekatA chinna bhinna dharmAvalaMbI hatA, eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu teNe eka sUryamaMdira thaI gaI pariNAme paraspara jhaghaDatAM nAnAM nAnAM rAjyomAM paNa baMdhAvyuM hatuM. bhArata deza vaheMcAI gayuM. samagra dezamAM zAMti ane salAmatI ne badale bhaya ane trAsanuM vAtAvaraNa vyApI gayuM haNanA (iv) hyu-ena-saMganA jaNAvyA anusAra Akramaka AkramaNane khALavA ane temanI UgatI rAjayasattA ne nim La haNe eTalA badhA kura hatA ke jANe bhAratIya saMskRti karavA mATe uttara bhAratanA rAjAone pitAnI tamAma zakita saMskAradhAma mATe duzmano sAbita thayA baudhdha vihAra, maTho, ane samRddhi kharcavI paDI eTaluM ja nahIM paraMtu temane potAne stUpo, vidyApITho vagereno nAza temaNe karyo. uparAMta prAcIna paNa Apakhuda ane niSkura banavuM paDyuM kadAca Aja kAraNasara autihAsika ImArata, zilpa-sthApatyanI be namUna kRttio De. hevela lakhatA haze ke haNenA AkramaNa e paurvAtya sAhityika graMthaine paNa vinAza karyo eTaluM ja nahi paNa ApakhudI mATenA dvAra kholI nAkhyAM bauddhadharmanA dhArmika graMtheno paNa nAza karyo hate. satyaketu zukra hADa thI Jain Education Intemational

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50 vidyAla'kAra noMdhe che te pramANe huNa samrATa mihira zaivadhamI ane dharmajhanunI hato. tenAmAM dhArmika sahiSNutAne sarvathA abhAva hato. teNe aneka baudhdha sAdhuonI katala karI hatI temaja prasidhdha baudhdha stUpone dharAzAyI banAvyA hatA. huNo audhdhadharmane mATe sauthI vadhu paDakArarUpa sAbita thayA (v) ema paNa kahI zakAya kehuNAnA bhAratIya karaNane lIdhe ane parasparanA lagna saMba Mdhane lIdhe inDoA sAmAjIka tathA naitika paraMparAnuM stara nIcuM gayuM. hiMdunA ucca jIvana ane cAritrya upara paNa asara thavA pAmI je Aryo zAMticAhaka ane svAtaMtrya priya hatA. prajA hitecchu ane leAka kalyANakArI hatA te AryAM huNeAnA Agamana ane samAgamane kAraNe temanA te guNA azya thaI gayA. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 upara cAlatI na heAvAthI InkAra karyAM AthI mahaMmada--bina kAsime sau prathama devara baMdara jItI laI brAhmaNAbAda, mulatAna ane si Mdha jItI lAdhAM hatAM. (ba) ArAnA AgamananI asare Ama jovA jAe te Abenu zAsana mAtra sidha pUratu ja maryAdita hatuM ane siMdha hiMdatA bAkInA bhAgathI alipta hatu. tethI AbenA a kramaNa ane AgamananI bhAratanA loka jIvana tathA saMskRti upara khAsa kei prabhAva padhyeA na hatA. kadAca Aja kAraNasara leinapUla temanA itihAsanA pu takamAM noMdhyuM che ke, "siMdha para Ane vijaya e bhAratanA tathA islAmanA itihAsanA eka prasaMga mAtra hateA. e vijaya hate, paraMtu keISNu jAtanA pa raNAma vagaranA' tema chatAM nIcenI asaro noMdhapAtra gaNI zakaya. [8] bhAratamAM Arakhe, turkIM, aphaghAne ane megale (muslImA )nu Agamana ane bhAratIya samAja tathA saMskRti kI ke bhAratamAM rAjakIya ekatAnA sarvathA abhAva che temaja () Abene A AkramaNathI evI pratIti I upara paDelI asara, lazkarI STie bhArata niLa che. temanA A rAjakIya khyAle ja bhAvi AkramaNa mATe mAdaka bhUmikA pUrI pADI. Jain Education Intemational [a] bhAratamAM Araenu AkramaNa ane Agamana ati prAcIna kALathI bhArata ane arabastAna vacce vyApArika saMbaMdho cAlyA AvatA hatA. paraMtu AkhAe IzunI sAtamI sadImAM islAma dharma apanAvyAM pahelAM paNa bhAratanA pazcima kinAre arabI samudra taTa paranAM badhAM e tee Ava jA karatA hatAM. islAma dhamanA aMgIkAra pachI paNa temAM ke phera na paDayA. paraMtu mahaMmada payaga mbaranA upadezane kAraNe dhArmika utsAhathI prerAine peAtAnA dharmanA videzeAmAM pracAra ane prasAra karavAnA hetuthI i. sa. 636mAM [ khalIphA umaranA samayamAM ? muMbai pAse thANA jillAne jItavA mATe Araee paheluM I. sa. 656 thI 662 sudhImAM debalanI khADI, balucistAna ane siMdha upara ala risanu` bIjuM AThamI sadInA pahelAM dazakAmAM Ibna ala harIala vihiTTInuM balucistAna upara trIjuM ema prAraMbhanA AkramaNeA thayAM. emAM aMte vihiTTIne khalucistAna jItavAmAM saphaLatA maLI, pariNAme siMdha para ArakhAnA vijaya mATenAM dvAra khulI gayAM ! te pachI 17 vaSa~nAM mahatvA kAMkSI ane sAhisaka navayuvAna mahamada-bina kAsIma taherAnanA musalamAnenI madadathI siMdhanA hiMdu rAjavI dAhirane harAvIne tenuM rAjya paDAvI lIdhuM. ane tyArathI ja Aratre jagatanA rAjakIya kSetre camakayA. eka dhArmika kAma uparAMta Arae rAjakIya kAma tarIke paNa AgaLa AvyA, paraMtu AsapAsa mAM baLavAna rajapUta rAjgyAne lIdhe Abenu` rAjaya siMdha pUratu ja simita rahyuM. ArabonA siMdha paranA AkramaNunu kAraNa mAlabharIne laMkA ta| jatAM vahANeAnI cAMciyAgIrI (ii) AbenA hiMdamAMnA AgamananuM sauthI vadhu noMdhapAtra pariNAma e AvyuM ke temaNe ApaNA dezamAM islAma dharmanAM bIja ropyAM siMdhaprAMtanI ghaNI kharI janatAne peAtAne dharma cheDI videzI islAma dhama IkAravA mukhatve hatu. lUMTAyelA vahANAnuM nukazAna bharapAI karI Apa-paDaye pariNAme i lAma dharmanA uMDA mULa ApaNA dezamAM vAnI siMdhanA rAjavI dArhire potAnI sattA dariyAi cAMciyA naMkhAI cUcakAM pAchaLathI turko ane meLAe ApaNA deza (ii) ArmezanA hiMdamAMnA AgamAna ane vasavaTanI sAMskRtika asara ghaNI moTI che. hiMdu saMskRti ane mAe nI islAma saMskRtinA sau prathamavAranA saparka bhAratIya saMskRtinA umadA ane viziSTa tAnA videzemAM pracAra tathA pracAra mATenA mArga kholI ApyuMA. A sadhamAM rahIne ApaNA dezanI sa'skRti tathA keTalIka vidyAe vijJAna) nA paricayamAM AvyA. temaNe vaidaka, jyAtiSa, gaNita, khagALa khIjagaNita, bhUmiti, AMkaDAzAstra zUnyanI zeAdha vagere vikasIta bhAratIya vijJAnenAM pustakonuM peAtAnI mAtRbhASA arabImAM bhASAntara karI, peAtAnI sAthe lai gayA, eTalu ja nahI' paraMtu e viSayenuM jJAna yuropIya prajAone ApyuM. brahmaguptanA saMskRtamAM lakhAyele brahmasiddhAMta ane 'khaMDa khAMDayaka ne arabImAM anuvAda karavAmAM AvyeA, uparAMta Ara e hindI zilpIe, citrA tathA sthapatione pAttAnI masjidonA nirvANa tathA sajATa mATe rAyA. ane pariNAme ApaNA saMparkathI Araba saMskRtinI khUba unnati thaI ! bhAratIya saMkRti ii suvAsa pazcima yuropanA dezamAM sau prathama ja vAra Araba dvArA paheAMcI 8mI ane 9mI daramyAna yuropakhaMDanI aMdara jJAnayeAtanAM ajava LAM padharAyAM tenuM mukhya kAraNa bhAratanA sarjaka hatuM.

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smRti saMdarbha mArA ( udabha mI daDamanA pati tela para je lAMbAgALA sudhI (I. sa. 1206thI I. sa. 1707 sa. 156 thI 1707 sudhIne cothe tabakako galenA sudhI) zAsana karyuM te daramiyAna rAjyAzraya pAmI cUkele zAsana gaNAya. islAma dharma bhAratamAM comera prasarI cUkyo ane bhAratamAM sthAyI banelA muslimoe teno anucita lAbha uThAvyo. 1 mahamada gajhanI nI 17 savArI e kemake teNe ja bhAratanA bhAvi svarUpa vize nirNAyaka bhAga mahamada gajhanI aphaghAnistAnanA gajhanI zaherane bhaja, I. sa. 1947mAM pahelAM bhAratanA bhAgalA ane pAkIstAnane janma ArabonA saMparkanuM pratyakSa ke parokSa sulatAna hase teNe 33 varSa sudhI (I. sa. 997 thI 1030 ) zAsana karyuM 27 varSe sihAsana meLavanAra A sulatAna pariNAma gaNAvI zakAya. atyaMta kara, jaMgalI, dharma piyAsu ane ati mahatvAkAMkSI | (iv) khalIphA hArUna ala razIdanA samayamAM bhAratanA hatA teNe potAnA zAsanakALa daramiyAna bhArata upara kula mahAna vaidhane bagadAda AvavA AmaMtraNa apAyuM khalIphAo 17 vAra AkramaNa karI vibhinna pradeza ne lUTayA, bALyA bhAratanI zAsana vyavasthAthI eTalA badhA prabhAvita thayA hatA aneka strI puru, bALake maMdiro vagerene vinAza karyo. ke bhAratanI vahIvaTI siddhAMta ane saMsthAonuM temane anu- tenI hiMda paranI pahelI savArI pezAvara pAse Avela hinda karaNa karyuM. eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu bagadAdanA darabAramAM mahAna ( udabhaMDapura athavA unDa) nA rAjA jayapAla uparanA AkramaNa paMDita ane vahIvaTI adhikArIone temaNe sthAna ApyuM thI thai, 27 mI navembara, 1001 A savArImAM jayapAla hatuM. Arabe islAma dharmane pracAra karavAnA hetuthI ke anya rAjAnA be lAkha dirahamanI mUlyavAne hAra sahita aneka hetuthI bhArata upara caDhI AvyA hatA. chatAM teo take; alaMkAro maLIne keTalI badhI saMpatti tene maLI hatI tene aphadhAne ane megale dharmajhanunI nahotA, kemake temaNe keTa- aMdAja kADha muzkela che. AkhI rAjadhAnIne nirdayatA pUrvaka lAka vidvAna bauddha sAdhuone bagadAdanI mulAkAta levAnuM te- lUMTI lIdhI hatI. te pachI mulatAna, nagarakeTa, thANezvarA maja darabAramAM mAnabharyuM sthAna ApavAnuM svIkAryuM hatuM. (cakrasvAmI nuM maMdira ) kAmira, atyaMta samRdha nagarI temanA vahIvaTI taMtramAM bhAratIya prAlikA anusAra parivartana mathurA (zrI kRSNanA maMdira), kanoja, buMdelakhaMda ane chellI karAyA TUMkamAM Araba svasaMskRtine pracAra ke prasAra karavA savArI saurASTranA seminAtha upara mahaMmada gajhanIe savArI AvyA nahatA. UlaTuM hiMdanI saMskRtithI prabhAvita thaI e karI. mathurA ane vRMdAvananI galI galI, khUNe khUNe mahamadanA saMskRtinA mUlyavAna ane vikasIta tane saMvAhaka banI saunikoe lUMTyA. lUMTa, vadha, Aga, hatyA ane baLAtkAronI pitAnA dezamAM ane yuropamAM laI gayA. pra. esa. Ara. karuNa kahANI sAthe e prakaraNane aMta Avyo. bhArata paranI zarmA temanA "The Cresent in India "mAM noMdhe che. aMtima savArI mahamada gajhanIe 17 mI okaTobara 1024 te pramANe "(Ara) yuddhamAM upADI gayA te divya karatAM nA roja 30 hajAra UMTa para bhejana sAmagrI sAthe AraMbhI paNa aneka gaNuM vadhAre ane mUlyavAna hiMdamAMthI teo hatI. jAnyuArI 1025 mAM mahamada aNahilavADa pahoMce, upADI gayA che. Araba Akramakee meLavelI bhAratIya sAMska- te gabharAIne tyAM rAjA bhImadeva pitAnA anuyAyIo tika khajAnAnI sauthI vadhu samRddha lUTa hatI." sAthe rAjadhAnI choDIne bhAgI gayA hatA. paraMtu davArikA nagaranI janatA ane somanAtha maMdirane pujArI potAne (ka) bhAratamAM tuke ane aphadhAnenuM AkramaNa ane surakSita mAnIne rahyA hatA. paraMtu sulatAne 50 hajArathI paNa Agamana: vadhAre strI-purUSanI kaleAma calAvI, semanAthane lUMTayuM. ApaNe jANIe chIe tema samrATa harSavardhana (Isa. emanAthanI mUrtine TUkaDe TUkaDA karI gajhanI makakA ane madInA thI 647) prAcIna bhAratano aMtima hiMdu samrATa hute te ekalI dIdhA. ane tyAMnI masjidonA pagathiyA para jaDAvI pachI lagabhaga 50 varSe (I. sa. 712mAM) Araba siMdha dIdhA. A maMdiranI lUMTa mAMthI 20 lAkha dinAra thI paNa para caDhI AvyA ane bhAratamAM sarva prathama muslima rAjyanI vadhAre dhana tene maLyuM hatuM. sthApanAnA pagaraNa maMDAyA. bIjo tabakako mahaMmada gajhanI 2 mahamada gajhanInI caDhAI onI bhArata para asara (I. sa. 997 1030 ) je gajhanInA sulatAna sabaktagIna * * pachI gAdIe AvyA hate nI hiMdaparanI kula sattara savA- mahamada gajhanInI savArI enI asara viSe keTalAka rIo (I. sa. 1000 thI 1025 sudhImAM )thI zarU thaye itihAsa lekhakenA maMtavyo e prakAra nAM che ke " mAtra te pachInA 150 varSa sudhI hiMda upara muslimonuM kaI lUMTaphATa sivAya tenI savArIonI kaI asara bhArata upara AkramaNa na thayuM. tyArabAda zAhabudina ghorIe (I. sa. thaI nathI" paraMtu A hakIkata satyathI vegaLI che, kemake tenI 1173thI 15 mArca 1206) bhArata upara vijaya meLavAnA vAraMvAra thatI caDhAIoe bhAratIya itihAsa samAja ane zarU karyA tyAMthI trIjo tabakko zarU thayo ane te pachI I. sabhyatAne noMdhapAtra vaLAMka Apyo teNe paMjAba-siMdhane Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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65ra eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 moTo bhAga jItI laI potAnA sAmrAjyamAM joDI daIne samAja dharmAtaranI bhItine kAraNe kuMThita banI gaye; jJAni paradezIonI vAyavya sarahade AvA gamanano mArga khUlle baMdhane atyaMta jaDa ane ane kaThora banyA. strIone vaidhavya karI dIdhuM. alabata mahamada gajhanInI mahecchA bhAratanI bhUmi nA niyamonuM custa rIte pAlana karAvavA mATe A praha rakhAyA jItI laI ne, tenA para rAjya karavAnI na hatI. tenI lAlasAM ane samagra ucca varNo sAthe vidhavA lagnanI prathA saMpurNa mAtra dhana prAptinI ja hatI e vAta sAcI, dhana mATenI paNe dUra thaI gaI. khorAka ane pINanI bAbatamAM paNa AMdhaLI doTe tene mAnavamAMthI rAkSasa banAvyo e vAta paNa aneka pratibaMdha mUkavAmAM AvyA; eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu sAcI; bhAratanI e kadIye na purAya tevI Arthika lUMTathI achUtane nagara bahAra vasavA mATe pharaja pADavAmAM AvI. teNe pitAnI rAjadhAnI gajhanIne samRdhdha karyuM; e vAta paNa sAcI paraMtu tenA e amAnavIya dukRtyonI paraMparAnI | (iv) baMgALa ane kAzimaramAM vAmamAgI saMpradAyanuM keIja asara bhAratanA rAjakIya, sAmAjika ane sAMskRtika mahatva ane kapriyatA khUba jhaDapathI vadhI gayuM. A saMprajIvana upara krAija na thaI hoya, ema mAnavuM e sUraja sAme dAyanA anuyAyIo madyapAna, mAMsAhAra, vyabhicAra, vagere dhULa uDADavA barAbara che. A asare A pramANe che. durthasanemAM sapaDAI cUkyA hatA. " khAo pIo ane meja kare " e A anuyAyIo nuM sUtra ja jANe ke | (i) ArabonA siMdha vijya pachI lagabhaga 300 banI gayuM. varSa sudhI ApaNe deza bAhya AkramaNamAMthI mukata rahyA pariNAme bhAratanA zAsake ane janatAmAM lAparavAhI ane (5) AmAMthI zaikSaNika kSetra paNa bAkAta rahyuM nahi bihAra saMrakSaNa mATe upekSAvRtti pravezI gaI niraMtara jAgRti ja nI vikramazIlA jevI vizvavikhyAta vizva vidyApITha paNa sAmAsvAdhInatAnuM mULa che; e hakIkata visarAvA lAgI AnuM jIka dUSaNomAMthI alita na rahI zakI. eka udAharaNa parathI sIdhu pariNAma e AvyuM ke nUtana yudha paddhatio tene khyAla AvI jaze ke e vidyApIThanA eka vidyAthI ane navI yudhdhanIti sAthene ApaNe saMparka tUTI gayo dezanI pAsethI dArUnI bATalI pakaDAI hatI tenI vizva vidyApIThanA janatAmAMthI rASTrIya utsAha ane dezabhakitane lepa thavA adhikArIoe tenI puchaparacha karI, te teNe jaNAvyuM ke, mAMDa Ano lAbha mahamada gajhanIe ekavAra nahIM paraMtu A bATalI mane eka bhikSuNIe ApI che. AvA gabhIra sattAvAra uThAvyo te pitAnI sAthe arUnI nAmanA prasidhdha gunhA badala adhikArIoe tenA para kAma calAvavA nirNaya vidvAna ane itihAsa A lekhakane lAvele teNe ahIM lIdhe te vidyAthI enAM be jUthe paDI gayAM. ane bhayaMkara rahIne saMskRta bhASA hindudharma ane hindu tatvajJAnano dhAMdhala ubhuM thaI gayuM. eka uccattama zikSaNa kendramAM jo abhyAsa karyo teNe mahamadagajhanI savArIonI asara noMdhatA AvA banAvo banatA hoya te ugya tathA sAdhana saMpani ja lakhyuM che ke "hinduonI mAnyatA evI che ke amArA madhyama varganA vilAsI tathA prabhArI jIvana viSe te ApaNe deza je, amArI jAti jevI, amArA dama je, amArA mAtra kalapanA ja karavI rahIne. rAjA je, amArA jJAna ane vijJAna jevuM duniyAmAM bIje (vi) A samaya daramyAna ja devadAsInI prathA praca. kayAMya kazuM ja nathI hiMduomAM pUrvajo ATalA saMkucita cala lita banI te bhAratIya samAja ane dharma nuM kalaMka banI rahI vicAravALA kyAreya nahotA, jeTalA A samayanA leke che. pratyeka hindu maMdiramAM devasevA ane pUjA AradhanA mATe hinduo ema paNa svIkAratA nathI ke. je vastu ekavAra apavitra ' kumArikAo rAkhavAmAM AvatI te devone rijhavavA nRtya karatI banI che, tene zuddha kare ne punaH apanAvI levAmAM Ave." ane AratI utaratI temaja maMdiromAM nivAsa karatI. samaya (ii) A samaya daramyAna ApaNe deza jagatanA jatAM temane kamAye bhayaMkara bhraSTAcAra phelAvye maMdiro. anya bhAgethI pRthaka paDI gayuM ane tenI anya dezonI maMdiro maTI jaIne vezyAgRha jevAM banI gayA. pragatizIla janatA sAtheno saMparka sAva tUTI gayo pariNAme vii) halakI ane jAtIya vRttione bahekAve tevA ApaNI sabhyatAnA dhoraNo jIvaMta ane ucca na rahyAM sAhityanuM sarjana paNa A samaya daramyAna khUba vadhyuM. nIcalI bhAratIya janajIvananA pratyeka kSetramAM patana spaSTa paNe najare keTinuM atila tathA tAMtrika sAhitya khUba lakhAyuM jene paDavA lAgyuM saMskRta sAhityamAM paNa tAjagI ane surUci daSTigocara thatI nahatI eTalu ja nahi paraMtu saMskRtinA prabhAva bhAratanA naitika jIvana upara paDaye A samayamAM mahAna vidvAno paNa azvila graMthanI racanA karavAmAM kazuM baMdhiyAra banI gayelA e vAri ApaNI zilpa sthApatya ajugatuM mAnatA na hatA. dA. taH kAzimara rAjAnA eka citra saMgIta nRtya ItyAdi lalita kaLAo upara pazu kharAba maMtrIe "kuTinI matama ane saMskRtanA prasiddha vidvAna prabhAva pADI cUkayA, kSemendrae racela "samaya patraka ( vezyAnI AtmakathA) mukhya (iii) muslImonA vAraMvAra AkramaNoe ApaNa che. vezyAnI AtmakathAmAM nAyikA eka darabArI strI, sAmate samAja ane dharma upara paNa gherI asara pADI. bhAratIya nI rakhAta; saDaka upara rakhaDu lalanA kuTila ane kapaTIstrI, Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 653 ja ghorIne kAri ) nA rAjA nimae te praveza karazAhI pramANikatAnuM dhAraNa ane adhikArIo bhikSuNInA vezamAM yuvakane bhraSTa karanAra vanitA ema bhinna samaya sudhI vera cAlyuM 1161 sudhImAM allA udadIna, bhinna svarUpe jIvana. bhegavanArI varNavAI che. saikudIna gyAsuddIna vagere rAjAo AvyA ane gayA gyAsudI ne pitAnA rAjyane vistAra karyo ane 1173 mAM pitAnA | (viii) samAjanA uccavarNanA, sAmate, rAjadarabArI nAnAbhAI zAha buddina gherI (mahaMmada gherI) ne gajhanIne o vepArI onuM jIvana atyaMta vilAsa pUrNa ane samRddha sUbedAra nIme ne AkramaNa karyuM. khusarava malike sAme pagale hatuM. nagaranuM jIvana khUba samRdha hatuM. gAmaDAM enuM cAlIne ghorInuM Adhipatya svIkArI lIdhuM eTale protsAhita jIvana garIba hatuM. paraMtu cIja vastu onI khAsa achata banIne teNe i. sa. 1185 mAM paMjAba upara AkramaNa karI pravartatI nahotI dezanI Arthika sthiti ekaMdare sArI hatI, aneka gAmaDAM tUTayA temaja siyAlakoTano killo jItI ane tenI mahamada gajhanI apAra Arthika samRdhine lUMTavA thI lIdhe je ke agAunA verane lIdhe jammu (kAzimara ) nA rAjA ra o ja che ke A lalacAye hato. ane deza drohI cakradeve ja gherIne paMjAba para AkramaNa , , ; vaLI ta:va hIna chA ge karavA nimavyuM hatuM ane chatAM paMjAbanI rAjadhAnI lAhora cAlu rahI hatI, chatAM tenA karmacArIo ane adhikArIo jItavu e ghorIne mATe dUzkara hatuM. eTale SaDayaMtrajIne khusarava mAMno naitikatA ane pramANikatAnuM raNa khUba nIcuM gayuM. malika (je potAnA rAjyane AjhAda karavA pahADI prajA hatuM. nokarazAhI bhraSTa banI hatI. aneka prakAranA dUSaNe khembaranI sahAyatA laI rahyo hata)ne keda karyo ane 11pravezavAne kAraNe kAryadakSatA kSINa banI gaI hatI. 92mAM tene vadha karI nAkhe. Ama sulatAna, siMdha, paMjAba ( lAhora ), uca pezAvara vagere jItI laIne ghorIe pitAnuM (x) mahamada gajhanIna 17 AkramaNane kAraNe bhArata sAmrAjya bhAratamAM sthApyuM tenA sAmrAjyanI sImAo ajanI aDhaLaka saMpatti ane samRddhi ja nahotI lUTAI paraMtu mera ane dilhInA parAkramI rajapUta rAjA pRthvIrAja cauhAbhAratIya zilpa ane sthApatyanI aNumela kRtio paNa vinAza NunA rAjya sAthe sparzavA lAgI tenI rajapUta rAjAo pAmI; bhAratanuM e nukazAna kadIya na pUrAya tevuM hatuM. mathurA saMbhavita tarkonA AkramaNathI khUba ja jAgRta banI gayA. kaneja, raNathaMbhera, kAliMjara jevAM uttara hindana vaibhava zALI kaneja ane ajamere lazkarI taiyArIo paNa karavA mAMDI ane ane suMdara bAMdhaNIvALAM nagaro nAza pAmyA. aneka kalAtmaka chatAM ociMtA hamale karI bhaTinDA gherIe jItI lIdhuM kaneja maMdiro tathA uracattama zilpakalAne abhivyakata karatI deva ne rAja jayacaMdra yuddhamAM hAryo i. sa. 1194 mahemada devInI matio. stupa temaja avazeSone gajhanInA lazkare ghorIe hajAre hinduo katala karI. kAzI sudhI pahoMcI dvArA nAza thatAM bhAratIya saMskRtinA prAcIna gauravazALI aneka maMdire jamIna dosta karyA. ane bhAratanI aDhaLaka prakaraNa nA keTalAka pRthya vi.ya pAmyAM bhAratIya amitA saMpatti lUMTI lIdhI. paraMtu pRthvIrAje pUratI taiyArIo karI jhAMkhI paDI. laI 1191mAM prabaLa hamale karI gherIne kharAba rIte harA3 mahamada ghorInuM bhArata upara AkamaNa (1186) vyo. gherI paba ghavAye ane tethI gajhanI tarapha bhAgI gaye tyAM kadI te zAMtithI na UMghI zakya. hindustAnamAM jItelA bhArata upara AkramaNa karanAra maDuMma bina kAsIma pradeza potAnA vArasa ane gulAma vaMzane dilhImAM AraMbha (siMdha para AkramaNa, 771) mahamada gajhanI 17 savArI karanAra katabadinane saMpIne pAchA pharatA hatA tyAre rastAmAM ja 997-1826 ) pachI trIjA musalamAna sulatAna mahaMmada dharI I. sa. 1206mAM sidhu nadIne kinAre tenuM khUna thayuM. hate teNe i. sa. 1175 mAM uca ane mulatAna para AkramaNa karIne bhAratane keTalAka pradeza jItI lIdhe te pachI I. sa. (4)mahamada ghorInA AkramaNanI asarenuM vihaMga.va 1182 dakSiNa siMdha upara AkramaNa karI tyAMnA rAjAne pitAnI lekanaHAdhinatA svIkAravA pharaja pADI bIjI bAju mahamada gherIe gujarAtanA aNahilavADa pATa upara I. sa. 1178 mAM I. sa. 1206 thI I. sa. 1pa6 sudhInA dIrghakALa karelA AkramaNamAM tyAMnA rAjA bhIma bIjA dvArA sakhata parvatanA zAsanane bhAratamAM pAye nAkhanAra mahaMmada gherI parAjaya sAMpaDyo pariNAme pUrA 20 varSa sudhI musalamAne turka aphadhAna zAsanane puregAmI have teNe pitAnI hayAtI gujarAta upara pharI AkramaNa karavAno vicAra sudhdhAM na karI daramiyAna bhAratanA aneka pradeza jItI laI aphaghAnistAna zakyA, I. sa. 1179 mAM pezAvara jatI lIdhuM ane be varSa thI lagabhaga baMgALa sudhInuM vizALa sAmrAjya sthApyuM enA bAda lAhAra upara teNe gajhana ane herAtanI vacce AvelA avasAna pachI bhAratamAM dilhI saltanata yuga daramyAna gulAma dhAranA pahADI rAjyanA rAjA mahaMmada-bina-surI hatuM, tenuM vaMza khilajI vaMza taghalakha vaMza saiyada vaMza ane lehI vaMza rAjya mahaMmada gajhanIe I. sa. 1909 mAM jItI lIdheluM maLIne pAMcavazenA 35 jeTalA rAjAoe rAjya karyuM A gajhanInA mRtyu pachI dherA rAjya ane gajhanI vacce lAMbA yuganI asara nIce pramANe che. ane herAtanI ane be varSa thI sAbhAratanA ane Jain Education Intemational

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654 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga 2 (i) mahaMmada ghorI ane tenA anugAmI zAsako daramyAna samakAlIna itihAsakAre jiulAdIna baranI te tyAM sudhI noMdhe che bhAratIya zipa ke " caudharI, mukhI ane mukAdama have azvArohaNa karI zake, hathiyAra dhAraNa karI zake suMdara vastro paherI zake athavA te ane sthApatyakalAmAM noMdhapAtra parivartano AvyA pAna khAvAne zekha karI zake tevI yogyatA (sTeTasa) temanA muslima zilpa ane sthApatyakalAnI bhAratIya bAMdhakAmo upara mAMcI nahotI eTaluM ja nahIM paraMtu garIbAIne kAraNe eka ThIka ThIka asara thavA pAmI. suzobhana mATe vibhinna prakAranI vakhatanA e samAjanA mobhAdAra vaganI strIone potAnA DijhAIna divAla uparanI citrakalAmAM temaja pharnicara hathiyAro, pADethI muslima kuTuMbamAM vAsaNu mAMjavA ke sAphasuphI karavA bhoMyataLiye jamIna para ane dhvajo ane vanne upara citrita mATe karaDI tarIke rahevuM paDyuM hatuM muslima AkramaNakhora karavAmAM AvatI hatI. A uparAMta mATInA ane dhAtuonA prajAthI gabharAyelI hidu prajAmAM bALalagno khUba sAmAnya vastro upara aMkti karAtI hatI. rAjamahele, sAmaMto tathA banI gayA eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu ucca ane madhyama vargomAM ucca adhikArIone gharanAM kAca upara mInAkArInA vAsa- te paDadA prathA paNa pracalita banI gaI jayAre bIjI bAjuo DAno khUba upayoga thato hato. temanI sthApatyakalAnI vizi- sAva nIcI jJAtio sivAya vidhavA vivAhane vicAratA TatAonAM guMbajo ane UMcA manArAe AMkhe UDIne adazya thaI gaye atyaMta dhanika kuTuMba sivAya kanyAkeLavaLage tevI che. bhAratIya maMdiranAM guMbajanI prathA kadAca vaNIne abhAva sarvatra sAmAnya baje TUMkamAM atyAcAra tenI asaronuM pariNAma che turkonA saMparkane kAraNe bhAratIya pUrNa taikI zAsana ane prakRtinA niraMtara kApane lIdhe bicArA sthApatyane eka khUba ja vikasIta zailI prApta thaI che ke hiMdue pokAratA ke " bhagavAna ane tuke ane amArI bhAratIya kalAnI asara paNa temanI kalA upara thaI, e pAchaLa paDayA che ?' nedhavuM ja rahyuM, kema ke teo Akramaka prajA tarIke AvyA | (iii) aberUnI pachI kaI prasidhdha muslima A hovAthI hiMdu ane jaina maMdirane vinAza karyo tenI ja samayamAM thaI gaye nahete ke jeNe saMskRtane abhyAsa karasAmagrImAMthI masjida, mahele ane kabrastAnonuM nirmANa karyuM - vAnu kaSTa lIdhu hoya alabatta phiroja taghalakhane ane sikaMdara hatuM. e game tema hoya paraMtu bhAratamAM muslima sthApatyanuM ledIe keTalAka saMskRta graMthane phArasImAM anuvAda karAvyo nirmANa sau prathama dilahInI kuvaita-ula-islAma nAmanI hatuM paraMtu tenuM vyavahArika mUlya khUba hatu tenI ja nahi ke majIda (I.sa. 1165) thI zarU thayuM. te pachI ajameranI teo saMskRtanA vidvAnanA AzrayadAtA hatA. DhAI dinakA jhopaDA" nAmanI muslima ImArata dilhI pAse kutubaminAra dilhIne makabaro; taghalakha zAhane makabaro, alabatta bhakti AMdolana (je A samaya daramiyAna taMghalakAbAda nagara ane sikaMdara ledInA vajIra dvArA nirmAyelI udabhavyuM hatu) nA praNetA ane puraskartAo jevA ke maThinI marijada vagere sthApatya mukhya che. A uparAMta bhula AcArya rAmAnuja, rAmAnaMda vabhAcArya ramaitanya nAmadeva, kabIra, tAna baMgALa, mALavA jetapura, kAzimara ane gujarAtamAM nAyaka vageree karela sAhitya sarjanane bhAratane lAga maLe (amadAvAda zahera, jumA masjida, cAMpAneramAM mahaMmada bega- A cA daramyAna gIta govinda 8. rAnI majida ane killAnI aMdara mahela vagere) aneka supra- jayasiMha) pradyudaya (ravivarmAna) pratApa kalyANuM (vidyAnAtha) siddha ImArate A samaya daramyAna racAI hatI. musli-zi9pa- pArvatI pariNaya (vAmana bANa jevAM aneka suMdara nATaka sthApatya kalAmAM rahelI suMdaratA, pUrNatA ane ojasanA ane gIta kAvyo racAyA uparAMta hiMduone prasidadha kAyadA prakAMDa mizraNano prabhAva bhAratIya kalA upara paDayA vagara rahyo nathI paMDita bhAskarAcArya jaina tatvaciMtaka devasUrI vedanA TIkAkAra AyaNa, kalhANa (rAjataraMgiNIno racayitA pRthvIrAja rAsone. (ii) lagabhaga 300 varSanA temanA zAsananI hindu samAja kartA caMdabaradAI hammIra rAsa ane hammIra kAvyanA kartA ane nItimattAnA dhoraNo upara paNa ThIka ThIka prabhAva paDe che. sAraMgadhara hindInA prasiddha kavi amIra khuzaro paNa A yugamAM hiMdu samAja jJAti vyavasthA upara AdhArita hatuM paraMtu vidhamI thaI gayA. temanI sAhitya lAdhamAe bhAratIya sAhityane khUba tarkonA zAsane hiMduonA jJAtibaMdhane vadhu kaDaka banAvavAmAM samRddha banAvyuM. videzI tuka ane hinduonA paraspara saMparka phALe Ape. turkone mana hinduo kApharo hatA ane tenI temanA 1 nI eka navI bhASA "jabAne hi-davI no janma thayo. je upara dhArmika damama ane atyAcAro karI baLajabarI pUrvaka pAchaLathI urdU nAmathI pracalita banI. bhAratIya vyAkaraNanuM dharmAtara karAvavA temaNe prayAsa karyA. A mATe jajiyAvero ' mALakhuM ane arabI tathA phArasI bhASAnA zabdonI pradhAnatA sahita judI judI jAtanA karaverA nAkhIne hiMduone Arthika ne kAraNe tUkI zAsake e tene mahatva na ApyuM. rIte kacaDavAne temaNe prayAsa karyo. sara gusalI heba lakhe che te anusAra (alAuddIna khilajInA samayamAM) "saMpUrNa rAjya- | (iv) tuke ane aphaghAno ApaNuM dezane jItIne mAM hiMduo duHkha ane daridratAmAM DUbI gayA hatA." jyAre ApaNA dezamAM ja AvIne vasyA tethI ApaNI janatA temanA lAga maLe - daramyAna gIta govindara Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha saparkamAM AvatAM bhAratIya samAja ane saMskRti paDe te svAbhAvika hatuM, hindu ane islAmanA zrAdhAta pratyAghAtano pratiMAsa Ama to khUba kema huM ne medanA prathamavAra thayelAM saparka paraspara eka bIjA upara gherI asara karI. DA. tArAcade petAnI thIsIsa upara prabhAva pArasparika ramAMka che (mahA nibaMdha) 'islAmanA bhAratIya saMskRti upara prabhAva' nI aMdara vistRta carcA karI che e ke zakarAcAryanA adbhuta vAdanuM mULa islAma dharmImAM rahevu che. teo zrI tArAcaMdranA abhiprAya vajUda vagaranA che. tema chatAM islAma dhama nA e bAbato parane prabhAva ApaNe nAMdhavA joie eka to pracAranI aMdara khUba uya uddeza laine AvelA islAma dharma ApaNA hiMdu dharmanI anura anudAra vicAradhArAne puSTi ApI. hindu netAone samajAI gayuM ke vicAro ane AcAromAM custa rahevAnI ja potAnA dharma ane samAjane IslAmanA AghAtAnI bacAvI zakAze ane teja eka mAtra upAya che. Anu pariNAma rUpe jJAtiba dhanA, khAnapADyo niyamA, ane custa dhArmika jIvana bALalanA paDadA prathA vare nA sadaLamAM je asara paDI te agAu avalokI gayA chIe. bIjuM ApaNA netAoe sliAmanA samAnatA ane samAjavADI siddhAMto ne banAvyA te kahI zakAya AthI ja jJAtienI samAnatA upara bhAra mUkAyeA ane meAta prAptI mATe jJAti Adhaka nathI banatI te bAbata pracalita karAi. bhakti AMdolananA udaya e bhale phalazrRti na heAya paraMtu keTaleka aMze rikSAmanI upasthitano tenA upara avazya prabhAva paDayA ApaNA sudhArakoe izvara tathA dharmAMnI maulika eka tAnA hevAla AdhA ane dareka vakhatanI jema videzI ane vidhamI one bhAratIya samAja tathA saMskRtinA mahAmadamAM samAvI levA (rAma ane rahIma, Izvara ane allAhanI ekatA darzAvI temaja karmakAMDanuM bAda dhArmika vidhividhAnanI TIkA dvArA ) khUba prayAsa thayo paranuM islAma dhama ane temanA bhAratamAMnA. anuyAyIoe potAnI asmitA uMma prayatno dvArA rakavI ja rAkhI. te chelle pradina tu aphaghAna zAsakonA paricayamAM rahenArI hindu janatA pAtAne dharma jJAti, saMskRti vagere bAbato chupAvavA prayatna karatI rahI. AnI bhAratIya cAritrya upara khUba viparIta asara paDI. ApaNA keTalAka dezavAsIe prapaMcI e kaparI thaI gayA. kadAca Aja kAraNe bhAratIye AcAra--vicAranI saraLatA, bhAmataprAI, thI tA, sAhasikatA vagere uddAtta thavA khAI beThA. 55 daramyAna niMgbaLa banI cUkyu hatu ane teno lAbha A videzI prajAe uDAvyA eka bAjue dilhI saltatanuM adhipatya phagAvI daI baMgALa, bihAra, mALavA, gujarAta mAM rASTra vagere prAMto svataMtra thai rahyA hatA, tyAre bIjI bAjue bhAratanI vAgya sarahadethI mAMgela prajAnA saradAra khAkhara i. sa. 1526 mAM caDhI AvyA. teNe pe!te varNavyA pramANe ( khAkhara nAmAmAM) " tyAre meM A pradeza para viya meLaLyA tyAre ahiyAM pAMca muslima ( dilhI, gujarAta, bahumanI, mALavA ane aMgALa ) ane be hindu rAe (vijaya nagara ane mevADa ) hatA.' khAkhara pAteja dilhInA ibrAhIma leAdI, bahumanI rAjAo, ane mALavAnA sulatAna mahemudane nim La gaNAve che jyAre vijaya nagara ane mevADanA zikta zALI rAjyA tarIke ullekha kare che. i. sa. 1526 mAM pANIpata nA yudhdhamAM prathama megala-aphaghAna bAkhara ibrADIma leDhI vacce khelAye ane tenA aMta humAyu ane zerazAhu vaccenA trIjA yudhdha thI. (I. sa. 1555) Avye; AthI aphaghAna sattAnuM bhAratamAM patana thayuM. te dilhI saltanata ' nA zAsane alavidAya lIdhI. dilhInI gAdI para khAkhara ( 1526-153 ) humAyu ! 153 1556) zA! (1539 45 ) kabara (1556 1605). jahAMgIra (1605-1926 zAha jahAM ( 1628 1657 ) aura'gajheba (1658-1707) ema anukrame eka pachI eka sAta rAjA dilhInA mogala takhta para AvyAM ne gayA I. sa. 1526 thI 1707 sudhI nuM temanuM 100 thanuM zAsana [cIna bhAratIya pratihAsano eka yAdagAra bhAga banI gayuM; sAthe sAthe e noMdhavu joi be ke gogala sattAnA uyakALe ja bhAratamAM phigI A ( videzI yurepIya prajA AvI cUkI hatI i. sa. 151 mAM bijApura pAsethI phigI e e ( Albukake gAvA chatI lIdhu ane tene phitra sattAnI rAjadhAnI banAvI jyAre brITIza isTa inDiyA kaMpanI gaMja vyApArI vatI hAMDInge i. sa. 168 mAM megala zahena zAhu jahAMgIranI paravAnagI lagna suratamAM prathama ker3I sthApI, jyAre valA e I. sa. 1620 mAM jahAMgIranA samayamAM ja tAMjora jillA nA trANu kAramAM pahelI vyApArI koThI sthApI hatI. khAma megalAnA sUrya madhyAhune tapatA hatA tyArathI videzI yure pIya prAccenu' Agamana bhAratamAM thai cUkyuM hatu jyAre zAhajahAM nA mujaba yuga daramyAna dakSiNa hiMnDamAM marAThI sattAno zivAjInA netRtva heThaLa hRdaya thai cUkayo hato. paNa noMdhavu ja rahyu. (ka) bhAratamAM mAgonuM Agamana ane bhAra tIya saMskRti para pAtro pramAva bhAratamAM mogala prajAnu'mogalAnA zAsananI asara! Amana turka, aphadhAna ( dilhI saltanata ) zAsana karatAM mAga mAla zabdanI vyutpatti ' mege. ' parathI AvI che. onuM zAsana bhArata upara oche samaya ApuM. chatAM tenI mAMgela lo. cInanA mAMgelIlA pAMtanA vatanI hatA. * dilhI bhAratIya samAja ane saMskRti upara paDavI asara pramANumAM satanA 12 02 1526 ) nuM zAsana chellA lAdI za vadhu vyApaka che. mogala yuga daramiyA ja bhAta madhyaga

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656 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhA-2 mAMthI Adhunika yugamAM pravezya e bAbata kadAca vadhu kAraNa khUba pretsAhana ApyuM hatuM. mogalenI asarane lIdhe bhAratamAM rUpa hoya kharI, e game tema hoya paraMtu megala zAsana kAcanI vastuo ( kekarI), arabI,-gheDA, dArU vagere khUba kALanI asarane saMkSiptamAM A pramANe nirUpI zakAya" pracalita banyAM. lAhora, AgrA, pharapura sIkrI, amadAvAda, surata, bharUca, khaMbhAta, caTagAMva, gvAliyara, pezAvara vagere | (i) megalAI yuganI bhAratIya samAja upara neMdhapAtra che zahero ke baMdaranI te samaye khUba bolabAlA hatI. videzI asara paDavA pAmI che. A yuga daramiyAna melenA daba lekhake menasareTa ane phiTa lAhora, AgrA ane phattehapuranI dabAnI asarane lIdhe samAjanA ucca varga, amaladAra varga khUba prazaMsA karI che, vepAra-udyogonA vikAsane mATe nAnAane dhanika varganuM jIvana kharcALa vilAsI ane vaibhavayukta meTA dhorImArgo (gvAliyara) amadAvAda surata ane pezAvarabanyuM. surA ane suMdarInAM duSaNe sAmAnya banavA mAMDayA baMgALA sahita, rastAnI baMne bAjue vRkSonI hAramALAo, saMgIta ane nRtyano zokha Ama janatAmAM megalene kAraNe cheDe thoDe aMtare dharmazALAo, TapAla vyavasthA, vahANenuM vadhavA mAMDe jugAra dArU aphINa ane zetaraMjanI ramatamAM dUSaNo bAMdhakAma ityAdi bAbate mogala zAsanane Arthika kSetre paNu vadhavA lAgyA te samayanA rajapUta rAjAo ane saradAra avisamaraNIya vArase che. temaja hiMdu amaladAre ane dhanika vyApArIonA khorAka ane vastrAlaMkAranA zekhamAM megala asara vadhu pramANamAM thavA pAmI (ii) dhArmika kSetre joIe te hindu ane islAma hatI megalAI khANunI asara to Aje paNa hiMdu samAja dharmanA subhaga samanvayamAMthI janmela "zIkha dharma " e para che. jha, cuDIdAra pAyajAme, aMgarakhAM, mAthA upara sApha sauthI meTI bheTa ane asara che. hindu-muslIma ekatA ane mogala paheravezanI bheTa eka yA bIjI rIte che. muslima samanvayanA prayAsanuM zIkha dharma sIdhuM pariNAma che. gurunAnaka paheravezanI bhAratIya samAja upara tyAM sudhI asara thavA A pratibhAomAM mukhya che. muslimonA nirdayI atyAcArane pAmI hatI ke, mAthA paranA tilaka sivAya rajapUta rAjAo kAraNe ja zIkhe ane zIkhadharmagurUoe A dharmane pAchake senApatio ane muslima umarAmAM bhAgye ja kaI LathI rAjakIya ane aitihAsika svarUpa ApyuM. gurUonA taphAvata joI zakAya che. vadhathI chaMcheDAyelA zIkhomAM zaurya, zista ane zastra pari. dhAnanAM viziSTa tatva umerAvyAM gurU goviMdasiMdu zIkhene zAhajahAMnA suvarNa kALamAM paNa kheDUtonI sthiti laDAyaka prajA banAvI temanAmAM prabaLa saMghabhAvanA janmAvI vaNasI hatI. temanA upara thatAM jume ane temanI phariyAdo 62 lAkha jeTalA zIkho bhAratIya samAja ane saMskRtimAM paratve apAtuM durlakSa eTalI hade hatuM ke nIcalA varganA ; | pitAnI AgaLa amitA jALavIne umerAyA e islAmanA sAmAnya mAnavInuM jIvana dohyaluM hatuM. bhikhArIonI saMkhyA saMparkanI sIdhI asara gaNAvI zakAya. paNa khUba vadhI hatI. alubatta temane rAjyanA rasoDAmAMthI kherAka maLI rahetuM hatuM chatAM ghaNAM bhUkhe maratA haze aka- | (iv) lazkarI draSTie joIe te, tepakhAnuM, azvadaLa barane bAda karatAM anya zahenazAhonI dhamadhatA ( vizeSataH ane naukAdaLa bhAratIya lazkaramAM umerAyAM athavA te aMge auraMgajheba nA Dara ane bhayathI bhAratIya hindu samAjamAM majabUta banAvavA tarapha mogalenA saMparkathI ApaNuM dhyAna bALa lagnonI prathA satI thavAne rivAja vidhavA vivADa upara dorAyuM. auraMgajhebanA samayamAM tapakhAnuM vadhu zaktizALI pratibaMdha strI zikSaNa ane svAtaMtrya mATenI upekSA pracalita banAvavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. DakkA baMdare 768 yuddha jahAjone banelI paDadA prathA, ItyAdi dUSaNe ke praNAlikAo vadhu vyA- naukA kAle rAkhavAmAM AvatA hatA e bAbata nokAdaLanI paka ane draDha banI hatI. mahattA te samaye sUcave che zivAjI kadAca AmAMthI A aMgenI preraNA maLI haze, je ke phiraMgIo sIdIo tathA a grejonA Gi) Arthika dRSTie joIe te mogalonA zAsananI vikasIta naukA kAphalAnA mukAbale megale ke marAThAonuM asara khetI ane vyApAra-udyoga upara thavA pAmI hatI. naukAdaLa sAva pAchaLa hatuM. hiMdamAM tamAkunA pAkanI zarUAta akabare karAvI hatI. siMcAI mATe vAva, kUvA, taLAva, nahero vagerenI sagavaDe A samaya (v) zikSaNa ane sAhitya uparanI mogalenI asarane daramiyAna vadhI. khetInI sAthe sAthe kApaDa udyogane paNa khUba lakSamAM laIe te badhAja megala zahenazAhanA samayamAM vikAsa thayo. pATaNa, paTaNA, surata, DhAkA, caMderI, machalI- nizALe ane kolejonA makAna bAMdhavAnuM sepyuM hatuM. paTTama banArasa, jodhapura, lAhora, burahAnapura vagere kApaDa humAyue dilhImAM eka masA ane eka pustakAlaya UbhuM udyoganAM moTAM kendro hatAM. gujarAtanI kinakhAba, DhAkAnI karyuM hatuM tenI IcchA vedhazALA sthApavAnI hatI paNa tenA malamala, sidInI zetaraMjI lAhora rezamI, kApaDa kAzmiranA acAnaka avasAne te adhUrI rahI gaI tema chatAM bhAratamAM gAlIcA dezamAM ja nahi paraMtu videzomAM paNa vikhyAta banyA tenA samaya daramiyAna bhUgoLa ane jyotiSa zAstramAM noMdha abula phajhalanI noMdha mujaba akabare rezamI kApaDanA udyogane pAtra vikAsa thaye, akabare to ghaNI zALA kolejo sthApI naukara' nokA kAphalAnA che karAvI hatI. siDa Jain Education Intemational

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha 657 hatI, eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu muslima madresAomAM hindu ane benamUna kalAnI jhAMkhI karAve che. Ama megale nA aneka paNa abhyAsa karavAnI paravAno ApI hatI. jahAMgIra te mahele, masjido killAo ane bagIcA enA nirmANathI kAyado karIne binavArasI milakata ne upayoga nizALanA bhAratIya kalA-sthApatya nA pustakamAM eka navuM ja prakaraNa bAMdhakAma karavAmAM karyo hato. jyAre zAhajahAMe dilhImAM umerAyuM temanI kalAnI viziSTatAo jevI ke guMbaje, eka kelejanI sthApanA karI hatI. ane auraMgajhebe paNa ghaNI minArAo velA, phUle, bhUmitinI vividha DijhAIna vagerenI nizALa ane kaleje sthApI hatI. Ama megala zahenazAhonA asara bhAratIya ktA sthApatya upara thavA pAmI che. zrI maherU samayamAM moTA zaheromAM zikSaNa mATenI suvidhAo UbhI lakhe che tema, "parInI jema zobhatI zAhajahAMnI ImArate thaI hatI, paNa zikSaNane sArvatrika pracAra thayo na hate. megalanI jAhojalAlI ane dababadanI parAkAsTAnuM sUcana kare che" kAzimaramAM zAlImAra, nizAta ane amadAvAdamAM A yuga daramyAna phArasI bhASA rAjya bhASA hovA zAhIbAga vagere bagIcAo temanI sauMdarya ane pupriyAchatAM hindI ane Una vikAsa neMdha pAtra thayuM hatuM, tAnA sAkSI che. uparAMta megala citra zailInI paNa bhAratIya bAbara teja vidvAna kavi ane vivecaka hate. tukI bhASA citrakalA upara asara thavA pAmI. IrAnI asaravALI megala upara tenI suMdara pakaDa hatI. bAbaranAmA AIne akabarI citrakalAnI asarane lIdhe ja "rAjasthAnI" ane kAMgaDAM jevI ane akabara nAmA graMtho khUba prasiddha che. A pustake e citra zailIono bhAratamAM umero thayo. jahAMgIra pite ja AtmakathAo ane jIvana caritranA kSetramAM ThIka ThIka kheDANa sAro citrakAra hato abula hasana ane manasUra jevA citra karyuM che, atharvaveda, rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata, lIlAvatInuM kAroe citrakalAne samRddha banAvI te tAnasena ane baijuaMkagaNita vagere suprasidhdha prAcIna bhAratIya saMskRta pustakanuM bAvarA jevA saMgItakArone lIdhe bhAratIya saMgIta samRddha banyuM. bhASAntara phArasI lekhakoe karyA ane tethI bhAratIya jJAna nI jatanAM ajavALAM ekavAra bhAratanI sImA bahAra phelAyAM [9] bhAratamAM pazcima yuropIya prajAnuM Agamana ane bhAratIya sAhityane megala zAzane ApelI mahAmUlI bheTa temanI bhAratIya sabhyatA upara asara gajhala che. gajhalane mahAna kavi mahaMmada husena najhirI Aja samayamAM thaI gayA. bIjAlI phesI ane zIrajhI kavioe bhAratanA itihAse paNa anya dezanI jema aneka paNa phArasI bhASAmAM uttama kRtio ApI che. hindI ane Aroho ane avaraho anubhavyA che bhAratanAM itihAsamAM gujarAtI bhASAmAM utarI AveluM gajhala sAhitya mogalAI aneka rAjavaMzenI caDatI ne paDatI, utthAna ane patana AvyA ne vArase che, zAhajahAMne jayeSTha putra dArA zikoha te che. rAjakartAonI nabaLAIo ane AMtarika matabheda ke arabI phArasI ane saMskRta ema traNe bhASAne vidvAna hatA. saMgharSono lAbha laI sattA lAlacu ane dhanapipAsu videzI teNe pote bhagavada gItA upaniSado ane gavAsiSThanuM prAonA dhADAoe cheka AryonA AgamanathI aMgrejo sudhI phArasImAM bhASAntara karyuM hatuM ! suphIpaMtha e bhAratIya sAhitya 1 tenI samRddha bhUmine chinnabhinna karavA anekAneka niSphaLa prayAso tathA tatvajJAnane maLelI megalAI nI bIjI mahAmUlI bheTa karyA che. aneka rAjavIo ane rAjakartAoe tenA sImADAche. pAchaLathI A vAdanI asara taLe ghaNA hindu kavio enI cuMthAcuMtha karI che, tema chatAM A deza cheka kAzimarathI AnI asara taLe ghaNA hindu kavio AnI asara taLe kanyAkumArI sudhI ane aTakathI kaTaka sudhI mAtra 1947nAM bhAgalAne bAda karatAM eka ane atuTa rahyo che; avirachana AvyA hatA. suphIvAda ane vedAMta vacce nI samAnatA darzAvavA ane avibhakta rahyo che. majamu la baharIna be samudro ne saMgama ) nAmanuM pustaka paNa lakhAyuM eja rIte zerazAhanA samayamAM mahaMmada jAyasI sau prathama ahIM Aryo AvyA ane tyArabAda te e che padmAvata' nAmanuM kAvya hindImAM lakhyuM. jemAM mevADanI videzI prajAonI vaNajhAra AvatI rahIA pachI zrI rANI padmAvatInI vArtA vaNI levAmAM AvI che. ane chelle ane zake AvyA, kuSANe ane haNe UtarI AvyA prAcIna kalA sthApatya kSetre paDelI asaro ne nihALIe to bAMdha kALanI saMdhyAveLAe tuka ane Arabo (muslima) paNa kAmanI bhavyatA jAhojalAlI ane samRddhi e sauthI moTI AvyA ane e pachI pAzcAtya dezanI prajAoe ahIM asara bhAratIya kaTalA sthApatya para paDelI che. zAhajahAMe AvavAnuM zarU paNa karI dIdhuM. sau prathama temAM phiraMgIo baMdhAvela vizva vikhyAta tAja mahAla, lAlakile, divAne AvyA ane te pachI AvyA Daca arthAta valaMdAo ane e Ama, divAne khAsa, jummA masjida, mayUrAsana ane dilhI pachI aMgreja ane phreMca AvyA. mAtra aMgrejone bAda karatAM pAse zAhajahAbAda nagara, saMta zekha salIma ciztInA mAnamAM kaI paNa prajA A sarvemAM bhAratIya jana jIvanane ane akabare AyA pAse baMdhAvela phattepura-sikI nagara (jodhAbAIne gAmaDAonAM samAja artha jIvanane asara karI zakI nahotI mahela) hamAyuno makabara, divAne Ama, divAne khAsa. bulaMda dara magadha ke dilhImAM thatA sattA parivartananI ahIM asara daravAje, jumA masjida vagere ImArate megalAI sthApatya nI grAmya arthakAraNane samAja jIvanane thatI nahotI paraMtu sAhitya megala che. ema traNe bhASAno lAbha laI ? vAsiSThanuM zrI saddha bhUmine chinnabhika Jain Education Intemational

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. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAstIya amitA bhAga-2 aMgrejonA deDhaze, paNAba varSanA zAsanakALe bhAratanAM ane adhyApaka... evA navA navA vargono uddabhava thayo. samagra janajIvanane AmUla rIte palaTI nAMkhyuM. bhAratanI jyAre sAmate, jamInadAro vagere vargo lupta thayA. prajAnAM samAjajIvanane- tenAM vargo, khorAka, poSAka, raheNIkaraNI, zikSaNa, sabhyatA, udyoga, vyavasAya, vepAra, vANijaya, (ba) samAja sudhAraNA mATe prayatna sAhityakalAne aMgrejonI gherI asara pahoMcADI, eTaluM ja nahi paNa temAM seMdhapAtra parivartana ANyuM. | mogala bAdazAha auraMgajhebanAM mRtyu pachI dezamAM je avyavasthA ne arAjakatA vyApI hatI tenI dharma, samAja (1) aMgrejonAM saMpakanI samAjajIvana ane dharma upara ane saMskRti upara vyApaka asara thavA pAmI hatI. ajJAnatA, ala aMdha zradhdhA, khoTA vahemo, khoTA rIta rivA ivagere khUba vadhI paDyA. vidhavA vivAhano pratibaMdha kaDaka ane vyApaka briTIza zAsananI asara taLe hiMdane samAja sadI banyA. satI thavAnI prathA vizeSa prasarI rUDhionAM baMdhano enI ALasa khaMkherIne beThe thayo sabhAna banyo. leDuM vadhAre jaDa banyA nyAta jAtanA vADAo ane saMkucita mALamekalee zarU karelI aMgrejI keLavaNI pAzcatya jJAna vijJAna khAomAM samAjane zvAsa rUMdhAvA lAge paradezagamana pAparUpa meLavIne hindanA samAjamAM ja eka na udbhavya temanI gaNAvA lAgyuM. strIonI sthiti dina pratidina vizeSa asahAya kSitije pramANamAM vistRta banI sAmAjika kurIvAja, zAstronI banavA lAgI. vRdha lagna, kanyA vikaya vagere duSTa ritarivAje ajJAnatA dhArmika rUDhiomAM phasAyelu mAnasa ane tene nuM jora jAmyuM. loko potAnA dharmanAM mULa bhUta mUlyo kAraNe vyApelI jaDatA aMdhazradadhA tathA vaDe e bhAratIya rahasya ane sidhdhAMte tathA pitAnI saMskRti bhUlI gayA samAja upara ThIka pakaDa jamAvI hatI pAzcAtya keLavaNI ane kupamaMDUkatA jevI vRtti sevavA lAgyA......... pariNAme ane jJAna vijJAna pracAra tathA prasArathI hiMdamAM sAmAjika samAja, dharma ane saMskRti nI dIpazIbAnI jyota jhAkhI ane dhArmika kSetre navajAgRtino AvirbhAva thaye jAgRti paDavA lAgI. AvA vinipAtane aTakAvavA ane samAja ne lAvavAmAM sakriya sAtha ane sahakAra Ape satI thavAno unnati tarapha deravA agAu joI gayAte saMsthAo ane kurivAja bALalagna vidhavAvivAhano pratibaMdha strI keLavaNI vibhUtioe vividha prakAranAM sAdhano dvArA kamara kasI. saMrakRta, para pratibaMdha vagere sAmAjika dUra karavA mATe arabI, phArasI. grIka, leTina, hibru, ne aMgrejI, bhASAonA bhAratanI aneka mahAna vibhUtIo AgaLa AvI sAmAjika prakhara abhyAsI. ane samAja sudhAraNAnAM agresara rAjA rAma ane dhArmika sudhAraNAnA AMdolana jAgyA A AMdolanamAM mehanarAye satIprathA sAme moTuM AMdolana calAvI e prathAne brahmosamAja Arya samAja, prArthanA samAja rAmakRSNamizana baMdha karavAnI sarakArane pharaja pADI. sauthI pahela vahelI vAra thiyesephikala sosAyaTI AdI saMsthAo mokhare raDI A vartamAnapatrane prAraMbha karI, samAja sudhArAono jorazorathI saMsthAoe samAje bhUtakALamAM nahi anubhavelA ane nahi pracAra karyo pariNAme satI thavAno rivAja baMdha thaye bALakanI kapelA evA AMcakA ApI hindanA samAja mAM jambara hatyAnI prathA dUra thaI. vidhavA vivAhane uttejana maLyuM ane krAMtine vaMToLa jagADaze A vaMToLamAM aneka sAmAjika duSaNe ane aMdha mAnyatAo sApha thaI thaI gaI A krAMtinA samAja vadhu pragatizIla banyo. agresara hatA rAja rAmapunarAya, dayAnaMda sarasvatI rAmakRSNa parahaMsa svAmI vivekAnaMda zrImatI enIbesanDa kezavacaMdrasena (ka) strI keLavaNI ane strI jAgRti mATenAM prayAse mahAdeva goviMdarAnaDe DakakarabApA ( amRtalAla Thakakara ) sarAjinI nAyaDu ghoDo kezava kave rAmAbhAIrAnaDe mahAra jA strIonI sthiti samAjamAM sudhAravA ane temane yegya sagAjIrAva gAyakavADa, IzvaracaMdra vidhAsAgara nyAya, samAna taka, svamAna bharyuM jIvana, tathA samAjamAM tyAMdi A A vibhUtionA nAma maraNIya che temanA prayatna ane AdaraNIya sthAna apAvavA mATe Thera Thera prayatna zarU thayA. avirata purUSArthathI je keTalAka pheraphAro bhAratIya samAjamAM kanyA keLavaNI upara bhAra mUkAye briTIza sarakAra ane sAmA jika saMsthAo taraphathI A mATe pUrNa madada maLavA lAgI thavA te saMkSiptamAM A pramANe neMdhI zakya. tema chatAM ucca zikSaNa strIomAM ghaNuM meruM zarU thayuM. (a) navA vargono uddabhava strIonA utkarSa mATe aneka nAnI moTI saMsthAo. sthapAI ane e badhI saMsthA enuM akhila bhAratIya dharaNe saMgaThana sAmAjika mALakhAmAM noMdhapAtra ane AmUla parivartano thayuM strIomAM ATalI moTI leka jAgRti AvavAnuM kAraNa thayA. aMgrejI keLavaNI, kAyadA-kAnunanuM sarjana. adAlatenuM gAMdhIjInI asahakAra ane satyAgrahanI laDate hatI A nimaNu. ane udyogone prAraMbha thatA aMgrejonAM samayamAM laDato ane AMdolanAe strIonAM satvane jeTaluM visAvyuM karmacArI. ane adhikArI varga, vakIla, dhArAzAstrIo, udyoga che. teTaluM bhAgyeja anya kaI pravRti e sAdayuM che. sarejinI patio ane mIlamAlike, DokaTara ane enjiniyare zikSake nAyaDuM, vijyA laphamI paMDita vagere nA sakriya sAtha maLatAM da, daki gAMdhIjInI karmacArI ane gana pArAnuM sarjana karavAne patio ane adhikArI varganA agrajonAM Jain Education Intemational

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mRti saMdabha saMdha 659 strIoe ApaNA dezanI sAMskRtika pravRtiomAM ghaNo moTo dezamAM aneka nAnI moTI lazkarI TukaDIe pita pitAnA phALo Apyo che. netA pratye vaphAdArI rAkhI paraspara laDatI jhaghaDatI rahetI hatI. aMdara aMdara teo laDatA ja rahyA. ane nibaLa (S) aspRzyatAnI zithila banelI pakaDa gayA. hindanuM sAcuM hita zAmAM che e vAtanI temanI saMkuaMgrejone amala ApaNe tyAM barAbara vyApI gayo. cita svArtha buddhine TUMkI dRSTi samajI zakI nahIM. hindanAM hiMdamAM jJAti saMsthA tyAre duTha banelI hatI. emAMthI rAja vacce saMpa, saDakAra ane saMgaThana heta te aMge je dezane je pArAvAra nukazAna ane samAjamAM saMkucitatAne hindamAM rAjyasattA bhAgye ja sthApI zakayA hatA. rAjyapraveza thatAM eka moTA vagane je anyAya thaI rahyo hato rAjyo vacce jhagaDA. eka rAjyamAM paNa gAdI vArasAnA tenAthI. ApaNu deza netAo khUba asvastha banI gayA. jhaghaDAsattAnI spardhA saMkucita lebhavRtti vagere deve temaja aMgrejo ApaNI A sAmAjika nabaLAI kaLI gayA. ane udAratA, bhalAI ane vizvAsa Adi guNene puro geralAbha temaNe vahIvaTa tathA cUMTaNIomAM A nAtajAtanAM ApaNAM katha- uThAvIne aMgrejoe hindane parAdhIna banAvyuM. teo potAnAM LelA sAmAjika dharaNene ApaNI rASTriya bhAvanA teDI pADa- dezathI sainya-zastra samimI lAvIne hindavAsIone bhAgye ja vAmAM chUTathI upayoga karyo AthI AnI sAme samAja sudhAra- harAvI zakyA hota. paraMtu vyApArI lebAsamAM chaThAve hindakAe balada avAja uThA. brahma samAja- Arya samAja vAsIonAM gRSNa ane sadagAne geralAbha uThAvI ApaNA ja tathA prArthanA samAja jevI saMsthAoe jJAtibaMdhane upara dave ane ApaNA saunya vaDe ApaNA dezane tAbe karyo. ne tAbe sakhata prahAra kara. mukata rIte roTI beTIne vyavahArane rAkhe. je dezI rAjyone rajavADAo aMgrejone parAdhIna thatAM khUba preraNA ApI. alabatta badalAyelA deza kaLAnAM teo. have ApoApa sarakhAmaNI karavA lAgyA ane temaNe saMjogee paNa AmAM bhAga bhajavyA relave vyavahAra zaru thatA joke pitAnA pADozI ( kahevAtA dumane ) ane potAnI ane vadhatA leka gAmaDA cheDI zaheromAM vasavA mAMDyA vacce ghaNuM sAmya hatuM e paNa hindI hatA. ane pote paNa rASTiya chAvaNIo ane svarAjyanI laDatamAM jelamAM sAhiyAruM hindI hatA. emanI vacce sadIo junI sahayArA saMskAra jIvana. gALavAnuM AvatA nyAya jAtanAM baMdhane zithila paDatAM. vAraso hate A jAtinI jAgRtanI skaraNanI sAthe ApaNuM gayAM. eja rIte AgagADIA, base. kArakhAnAo, sarakArI, deha upara rASTripa biradArInuM pracaMDa meju pharI vaLyuM ne nokarIo, zaikSaNika saMsthAo vageremAM pRththA spRzyanAM 185te baLave thaye pachI prajAmAM jAgRtI AvI A bheda jaLavAtAM baMdha tha aaN aspRzyatAnI pakaDa paNa DhIlI thaI rASTriya gRtine aMgrejo e sajelA tAra, TapAla, relave, gaI, gAMdhIjIe aspRzyatA nivAraNa kAryakrama ApI tathA rastAo vAhana vyahAra eka sarakhuM calaNa eka sarakhA kAyadA prabaLa purUSArtha karI harijanene samAjamAM Dagale ne pagale aMgrejI keLavaNI ane bhASA sarakArI vahIvaTI vagere thatI apama nita rithatimAMthI bahAra ApyAM. temane mATe have sAdhanoe khUba vega Avye ra9 ja nahIM rAjakIya ekatA sadIothI baMdha rahelA maMdiranAM daravAjA paNa khUlI gayA, zALA dhu sudaDha banAvI aMgrejo paradezI che parAyA che ane kelejomAM savaNenI pAse besIne zikSaNanI take sulabha banI. ApaNe sau hindI eja chIe. evI bhAvanA samagra sva De AMbeDakara tathA sva. Thakkara bApAnI kAmagIrI paNa dezamAM vyApavA lAgI ane majabuta banI ane tema chatAM A saMdarbhamAM mahattvanI gaNI zakAya, harijanenI sthiti aMgrejoe pitAnuM zAsana thira tathA ciraMjIva banAvavA mATe eTalI hade sudharI gaI ke AMtara jJAtiya ane AMtara prAMtiya hindamAM tenAM samAjanI nirbaLatAone pUrepUro lAbha uThAvyA lagnanI paNa zarUAta thavA lAgI che. bhAgalA pADene rAjaya kare jevI bheda nItino amala karI Ama, samagra tayA jAtAM ApaNe sAmAjika vargo, hindavAsIomAM vikhavAdanAM bIja bane teTalAM vAvyAM kemI mAnyatAo, rUDhio, rItarivAjo ane sAmAjika mUlyamAM matadAra maMDaLoe hindu muslima prajAne nAkhI pADI sava aMgrejonAM lAMbA vasavATa, saMpaka prayatnane kAraNe temaja ane harijane vaccenA bhedo hindu samAjanA aMga para hiMdanA samAja sudhArakoe jhaMbezane kAraNe samAjamAM Amala jherI gumaDAnI jema Thera Thera dekhAvA lAgyA bhASAvAda ane parivata na ApyuM samagra samAje eka nUtana dizA tarapha prAMtava danI jherI pavana ane vaimanasya pragaTAvavAnI jIta vaLAMka lIdho. A sAmAjika cetanA vadhatA dezamAM eka jAtanI tarakIbetemaNe vejI ane ajamAvI Ama hindane navAja yuganA maMDANa thayA. jeNe rASTriya jAgRtimAM mahatvano AMtarika rIte rAjakIya dRSTie durbaLa ane pAMgaLu banAvaphALo Apyo. vAno pUrata prayAsa aMgrejoe karyo ane tema chatAM rASTravAdanAM dhasamasatAM pUrane khALavA briTIza zAhIvAda asamartha nIvaDe [] aMgrejonA saMparkanI rAjakIya jIpanavara asaro alabatta temaNe je jherI bIje vAvyAM hatAM te samaya jatAM (a)rASTriya jAti pAMgaratA rahyA chevaTe hindustAnanA kemI dheraNe bhAgalA thayAM ane ane ApaNAM dezamAM AvyA te pahelA ahIM eja banAve vaNa ukelAyelI samasyAo bhAratane bheTa dharI jene sAMskRtika ektA hatI. paraMtu rA Iya ekatA na hatI. samagra ApaNe AsapAsanA jIvanamAM Aje pa ! ava-vAkI e chIe. Jain Education Intemational

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660 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 (ba) lokazAhI nI mahAmUlI bheTa upara bhayaMkara jakAta nAkhI ane bhAratanAM kArIgaro upara kura ane dhAtakI julama karI bhAratIya hunnara udyoganI karoDa aMgre je temanI sAthe hiMdamAM pitAne itiDAsa ane rajaju ja bhAMgI nAkhI. emanA rAjakIya Adarzo temaja rItarasamo laIne AvyA hatA emAM ApaNane mugdha banAve tevuM ghaNuM hatuM jonA (ba ( dravyanuM apaharaNa saMparkathI ApaNI rAjakIya zAsana vyavasthAnI prathA ane hindramAM thI ghasaDAI Avela vipula nANAMmAMthI IglenDa praNAlio svarUpa ane sidhdhAMta Adarzo ane hetuomAM janmara para To Avyo bhAratanAM rAmaju jAgRta ane zikSita nA udyogo che pUba jhaDapI ane Azcaryajanaka pragati karI leke briTizaronI zAna vyavasthAthI AkarSAyA ane bhAratamAM eka bAjue hindamAMthI dravyanuM apaharaNa ane bIjI bAjue paNa briTana jevI lekazAhI paraMparA khaDI karavAnA svapna hiMdanA mAla upara 100degse. thI6 00degse. jeTalI jakAta nAkhIne sevavA lAgyA kesanI 1885 thI 1935 sudhInA pAMca bhAratIya udyogone ujajaDa banAvI dIdhA 10 TakAnI jakAta e to ramatavAta hatI. ricarDa nAmanA eka aMgreje te eTale dAyakAnI sAdhanA pAchaLa A AdarzonI praraNa satata kAma karatI hatI hindanA buddhijIvI varganA cita upara A sudhI jaNAvyuM ke ke koI cIje upara traNa hajAra TakA sudhInI jakAta levAtI hatI. harbaTa spensara lakhe che tema, AdarzonI ajaba mAhitI hatI ane Aja kAraNasara ApaNe tyAM jAhera saMsthAo temaja rAjakIya (sthAnIka svarAjayanI ) " aMgrejonA ghera anyAya ane atyAcAro dvArA bhAratamAMthI saMsthAono vikAsa briTananI lekazAhI rItarasamenI e karavAmAM AvelI aDhaLaka leTamAM kaI paNa jamAnAmAM ane thane rahyo Ama aMgrejonAM saMparka ApaNane maLelI rA dravAda koI paNa dezamAM sAMbhaLI nathI." TUMkamAM IMglenDanAM udyogane jIvADavA ne poSavA bhArata eka audyogika deza maTI jaI ane lekazAhI rItarasamovALI zAsanavyavasthA e sauthI moTI yAdagAra bakSisabanI raheze. bhArata tene yugAntara sudhI hiMdanAja eka khetara rUpa banI gaye. kRtajJatApUrvaka yAda karaze, (ka) pazI mAlanA bahiSkArathI udyogone maLeluM jIva tadAnaH-- (3) Arthika kSetre asara ) (a) bhAratIya hunnara udyogonuM patana paraMtu chevaTe AvA Arthika AkramaNa sAme parAdhIna bhArate svadezI mAla mATenA AgraDanI AkarI laData ApI. aMgrejo bhAratamAM AvyA ne zAsananAM sutro hAtha dharyA. gAMdhIjInI praraNA heThaLa Thera Thera paradezI mAlano bahiSkAra tyAre bhArata kArIgaronI kalAkauzalya mATe vizva vikhyAta hatuM thavA lAgyA, ane ApaNA udyogane jIvadAna maLyuM e paNe yuropIyane bhAratamAM AvyA tyAre hindanAM hannara udyoge tyAM paNa navA navA yAMtrika sAmagrInA pAyA para udyoga sthapAyA yuropanA sauthI pragatizIla hanara udyo karatAM koI paNa alabatta A bAbatamAM AMtararASTrIya banAvee vadhu yArI bAbatamAM pAchaLa na hatAM A udyogo paikI sutarAu kApaDanAM ApI. 1861mAM amerikAmAM AMtara vipraha saLagI uDaze. udyogamAM te bhArata jagadaguru hatuM. prAcIna grIsamAM DhAkAnI AthI mecesTara (IlenDa) nI mIlA ane kAco mAla maLatuM malamala jANItI hatI. ane romana mahilAo ene mATenI baMdha thaI gayA. AthI briTIzare hida taraphae mAra najara ghelachA e te itihAsanI suparicita hakIkta che. A uparAMta doDAvI AthI bhAratIya khetInuM vANijyakaraNu thayuM. anAjI jarIne udyoga hAthIdAMta ane mInA kArInuM kAma tAMbA jagyAe bhAratIya kheDUta kaDiyA pAka tarapha vaLe. ApaNe pittaLanAM vAsaNa ane tenA para nakazI kAma, kAmiranI tyAM ghara AMgaNe sutarAu kApaDanI mIle sthapAI. jIvana zAle ne gAlIcA kAgaLa khAMDa vahANo, attara vagerenA jarUrIyAtanI cIja vastuo mATe bIjAM aneka kArakhAnAM udyogamAM bhArata, e samayanA audyogika jagatamAM agresara sthapAvA lAgyAM. vizALakAya kArakhAnAomAM rAkSasI kadanAM hatuM. Aja bAbatathI AkarSAIne bhAratane mAla yuropanAM yaMtra ane hindane kAmadAra kAma karavA lAge. gharamAM gAThavividha dezomAM pahoMcADI ane temAMthI aDhaLaka kamANI kara. vAyelI nAnI nAnI hAthazAnAM vAtAvaraNane badala navA ne vAnA udezathI te yuropIyana prajAo ahIM AvI hatI. vizALa yaMtrasAmagrIvALA vAtAvaraNamAM tene kAma karavAnuM thayuM paraMtu ApaNo e badho mAla yuropanAM bajAramAM pahoMcyo alabatta. AnAM ghaNA geralA paNa udbhavyA havA ujAsa tyAre teo joI ne jeTalA mugdha banyA teTalA gabharAyA paNa vagara nAM salAmatI vagaranAM, sAcya vihoNAM kArakhAnAonAM kharA IglenDanAM rezama ane unanA kApaDanA utpAdakomAM khUba makAne........ane evI ja gaMdI gIcogIdha cAlIe........ gabharATa phelAye. tyAMnI pArlAmenTa temanAM hitone rakSavA garIbAImAM sabaDatAM kAmadAro............ghaDiyuM ne ekadhAra bhAratIya kApaDanI vaparAza para prAMtabaMdha mUkatA. ane jenI jIvana bhUlavA vyasano tathA saranA manoraMjananA sAdhano ne pAsethI maLI Ave tenA para 200 pAunDano daMDa phaTakAratA Azraya letA kArIgaro........e AkhuM ye zarada citra kaMpArI kAyadAo karyA ATaluM ja nahI paraMtu hiMdanI cIjavastuo upajAve tevuM daSTigocara thavA lAgyuM. ane chatAMye tenAthI Jain Education Intemational www.ainelibrary.org

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ati saMdarbhagraMtha paddhati dAkhala 2jha ( kalama para vagara prA keTalAka lAbha thayA, samAna duHkha ane samAna prazno anu- badhA prayatna chatAM hiMda AjhAda banyuM, tyAre dara 100 bhavatA kAmadAro eka thayA temanA saMgaThane nimAyA. saMgaThanane mANasamAMthI kevaLa 12 mANaso ja hiMdamAM vAMcI lakhI kAraNe temanAmAM ekatAno AvirbhAva thayo. A ekatAe zakatA hatA. ane e bAra mANaso A dezamAM videzI jevA rASTrIya jAgRti ane svAtaMtrya AMdolanamAM mahatvane phALe ja banI gayA hatA. sadbhAgye dAdAbhAI, phirojazAha gokhale Ape. TiLaka, araviMda ghoSa, mAlaviyAjI, gAMdhIjI vagere ApaNane sAMpaDyA emaNe keLavaNImAM sudhArAo karavA prabaLa purUSArtha [4] zaikSaNika kSetre asaro AdaryA temanA prayatnane kAraNe ja gujarAta vidyApITha, TiLaka 19mI sadInA prAraMbhakALamAM hindamAM zikSaNanI sthiti vidyApITha kAzI vidyApITha, paTaNA vidyApITha jAmiyA mAliyA sAva kaMgALa hAlatamAM hatI. dhULiyA nizALe sarakAranI koI Adi ApaNI mahAna rASTrIya vidyApIThane janma thayo ke jemaNe paNa prakAranI sahAya vinA cAlatI. ene lAbha mAtra gaNyAM svAtaMtrya AMdolanamAM pratyakSa temaja parokSa khUba sahakAra gAMThayA bheDA ja samAjanA AgaLa paDatA) leke laI zakatA. Ape. rASTrIya keLavaNInA prayogomAM ravibAbunI vizvabhAratI je zikSaNa apAtuM te badhA vyavahAra upayogI hatuM. ucca . (zAMti niketana) eruDelanI adiyAra vidyApITha, maharSi zikSaNamAM mukhyatve dharma, tatvajJAna ane sAhityanA abhyAsa 3 sa kevenI esa. ena. DI. TI vimensa yunivarsiTI, mAlaviyAjInI upara bhAra mUkAte paraMtu e nAnI zALAo pAThazALAo preraNA nIce cAlelI banArasa hindu yunivarsiTI vagerene jamInanAM nibhAva para nabhatI. e jamIne aMgrejo e AMcakI keLavaNI kSetre noMdhapAtra phALo che. letAM (khAlasA karatA) zikSaNa vyavasthA sAva bhAMgI paDI. pI sAMskRtika kSetre asara. tenI jagyAe kaI navI paddhatti dAkhala karavAnI darakAra na karI je kAMI prayatno thayA temAM rana hesTIMjha ( kalakattA a grejonA saMpake sAhitya vijJAna kalAo ane dharma eka madaresA Dakana (banArasI saMskRta mahAzALA) viliyama para ThIka ThIka asara thavA pAmI hindI uThTha gujarAtI marAThI jonsa (eziyATika sAyaTI khristI mizanarIo DeviDa tAmila telugu vagere prAntiya bhASAonAM sAhityanAM judA hera (birAva keleja kalakattA) rAjA rAma na rAya ane judA aMgenI khilavaNI thai, aMgrejI, zrIka leTina, saMskRta, DeviDa hera tathA hAITa isTa (hindu ke veja kalakattA) vagereno pharasI vagere bhASAonI ApaNI prAMtiya bhASA sAhitya upara phALe khUba mahatvano che. A kArya mAM I. sa. 1809 mAM khUba asara paDI gadya vikApanI siddhi A yugamAM mahatvanI chApakhAnAnI zarUAta thavAthI cheDo 1 : vyo gujarAtI gaNI zakAya gujarAtI sAhityamAM naMdazaMkara mahetA narmada ane anya bhASAonAM vyAkaraNa paNa aMgreja-khristI mizanarI- gavardhanarAma tripAThI, AnaMdazaMkara dhruva mazarUvALA kanaiyAlAla enA hAthe ja lakhAyAM tathA chapAyAM munazI, meghANI, kAkA kAlelakara rAmanArAyaNa pAThaka, rANubhAI nilakaMTha, vagere samartha gadyakAroe A yuganI aMdara sAhihindamAM arvAcIna keLavaNIno AraMbha thaI iMglenDanI tyika pragatimAM khUba moTo phALo Apyo gAMdhIjIne phALe pAlamenTa karelA TharAvathI ja thayo. alabatta, e TharAvano paNa gadya vikAsamAM kAMI nA sUno nathI temanA jIvana amala hindanAM kamanasIbe 22 varSa pachI ja thayo. leDa jevI ja temanI gadyazailI saraLa saMyamI sIdhI ane prANavAna mekalee zarU karelI keLavANIe agrejI bhASA jANanArA kAra hatI. A uparAMta ravibAbu, IkabAla nAnAlAla maithilIzaraNa kane mATenAM kArakhAna ja ubhA karI dIdhAM. ApaNA dezamAM guna 2 dine paNa kAvya sAhityamAM apUrva phALo che. zarada ja janmelA hovA chatAM teo paradezI jevA banyA. e bAbu govardhanarAma ane harinArAyaNa ApTenI navalakathAo vargamAMnA moTA bhAganAM kArakuna hiMdI saMskRti. AcAra jambara AkarSaNa samAjamAM janmAvyuM hatuM "AnaMda maTha" vicAra. piSAka paheraveza khAnapAnanI Dhaba, vagere tarapha navalakathAe "vade narama ane ravi bAbue "jana mana napharata dharAvatA thayA. hiMdamAM AvelA gorA lUMTArAo gaNu" rAkhyu gIta ApyAM ravi DAbunIgIta jalI e te bhege hiMdane ghauMvarNA TArAone eka navo umerAya. bhAratIya sAhityane vizvanA uMbarA sudhI pahoMcADI dIdhuM. tyAraba dahiMda briTiza tAja heThaLa sIdhuM mUkAtAM temanAM e paMtha mATe temane nobela pAritoSika prApta keLavaNI paratve aMgrejoe lakSa ApyuM. kalakattA madrAsa ane ra thayuM. muMbaI khAte yunivariTIonI sthApanA thaI prAMtamAM pa7 vijJAnanI aMdara paNa pragati thatAM jJAnanI kSitijo vizALa keLa NI khAtAM khelavAmAM AvyA sarakAranI madada (grAnTa) banI. navAM navAM kSetre khuyAM AcArya praphulacaMdrarAya, jagadIzamaLatI viA kAraNe khristI mizanarIoe prAthamika ane caMdra beba, caMdrazekhara rAmana, homI bhAbhA vagere vizva mAdhyamika zALAo ughaDI hindanAM lekee paNa judI judI vikhyAta vijJAnIoe bhAratanI kIti ne ujALI. sI. vI. rAmana jagyAe keLavaNI maMDaLe sthApI zALAo zaru karI. A ne te vijJAna ne saMzodhana badala nobela prAijha 'paNa enAyata Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 thayuM emane 13 dezonI yunivarsiTIo e te mAnada DIreka- che. uparAMta paMDita omakAranAtha ThAkura, alAdiyA abdula TareTanI padavIo ApI hatI. vanaspatimAM paNa jIva che. ene karImakhAna, phayAjhakhAM, nArAyaNa merezvara, khare jevAM saMgIta sAkSAtkAra jagata ne karAvavAnuM mAna jagadIzacaMdrane jAya phALe e saMgItanA punarjIvanamAM Apele phALe yazasvI gaNI che. mArkenIe karelI vAyaralesanI zodhanA mULa jagadIza caMdranA zakAya. maNipurI, kaththaka ane bharata nATayamUnI nRtyakaLAnI saMzodhanamAM ja rahelA hatA ema manAya che. aMdara ravibAbu kavivara valapele udayazaMkara vagerene phALo ghaNo moTo che. A uparAMta citra, saMgIta, nRtya, zilpa, sthApatya vagere kalAomAM paNa noMdhapAtra pragati thaI, citrakaLAnA ApaNu jAhera bAMdhakAmanI aMdara romana zailI, gothika avatIndrabAba, ravibAbu, devIprasAda, rAyacaudharI, naMdalAla zailI, Ara sIsI (simenTa-kekITa) ne AvirbhAva briTiza bejha, 8 rahemAna cagatAI, ravizaMkara rAvaLa, Adi yuga daramyAna thaye. Apa leka sabhAvana, rASTrapati bhavana, aneka samartha citrakAroe mahatvano phALo Ape che. bhaginI vagere navI dilhImAnAM, bAMdhakAmamAM navIja zailI daSTigocara niveditA hevela, kumAra svAmI jevA citra, vivecakee hiMdI thAya che. agAunAM kotaraNIvALA bArI bAraNA bArasAkha kalAonI pUbIo darzAvI jagatane bhAratIya citrakalA paratve jharUkhA kaTheDA, chata adazya thatAM ane tenI jagyAe morDane AdarathI jotuM karyuM eja rIte rASTrIya AMdolana daramiyAna ArTa vALA" ane havAujAsanI sagavaDatAM vALAM makAne saMgIta ane nRtyalAone punarjIvana sAMpaDayuM zrI bhAtakhaMDe (baMgalA DhabanAM) baMdhAvA lAgyAM Ama zilpa sthApatya kalAmAM ane viSNu digaMbara musalakare AmAM ghaNo moTo phAo Apyo paNa seMdha pAtra pheraphAro thayAM brAnya ophIsa . ophIsa naM. 376841 DAii TelIphana : heDa ophIsa TelIkana : ophIsa naM. 5970 - ghara naM. 4637 junA baMdara * zAmaLadAsa roDa bhAvanagara dhara naM. 475202 bIjI galI * dArUkhAnA muMbaI-10 TelIgrAma :- kepayArDa eca. manasukhalAla enDa kAM. ekaspoTa ja impoTarsa dareka jAtano lokhaMDano bhaMgAra lenAra Jain Education Intemational

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eziyana mahA prajAo zrI. nirbhayarAma. ThAkara sUrya maMDalAntargata A pRthvI upara sau prathama manuSyane A eziyana mahAprajAonI rAjya vyavasthA, kAyado, upakAraka evI vanaspatio utpanna thaI vasavA lAgI. tyAra dhama, sAhitya ane lalitakaLA, samAjanA rIta rivAje raheNI bAda jIvajaMtuo. janAvaro vasavA lAgyA. tapazcAt janAkaraNI seja zekha ane jAhojalAlI vagere je kAMI pitAnAmAM varomAM vikAsa ane pheraphAro thatAM mAnavanuM sarjana ane teo hatA. ane anya prajAo pAsethI je kAMI prApta karyuM hatuM. pRthvI upara vasavA lAgyA. A badhA pRthvI uparanA vasanArA tene vyAja sahita vizvanI prajAone vArasAmAM ApeluM che. ene abhyAsa karavA mATe dareka varganA vibhAga pADelA che eziyana mahAprajAono A mahAmUlo vAraso bheTa zuM zuM jemake vanaspati zAstra - che ! te ahiMyA raju karavAmAM AvI che. atyAre samagra vizva vaijJAnika rIte temaja saMskRti teja pramANe manuSyonI olAdanAM judAM judAM nAme che. dvArA eTaluM te AgaLa vadhevuM che ke temAM kaI kaI vastu kaI temAM lAMbA mAthA ane pahoLA mAthAnA mAnava ema be kaI prajAnI maDAmUlI dena che. te jAvuM sAmAnya vyaktie vibhAga paDe che. tyArabAda temAM una jevA aDavALa, sIdhA mATe kaThaNa che. Aja viAvanAM samagra mAnavo pragatine paMthe vALa jumakhAvALA vALa, narama vaLe tevA vALa akkaDa rahe satata kUca karI rahyA che. Aje ApaNe vartamAnapatro ane tevA vALa. vagere dvArA manuSyanA aneka vibhAga paDelAM che reDiye. TelIvijhana jevA sAdhano dvArA vizvanAM pratyeka khUNAmAM arthAta ema kahI zakAya ke A pRthavI upara AvI jAtanA samAcAra ane paristhiti jANI zakIe chIe. paraMtu samagra vALa vALA manuSyanA aneka saMtAno vase che. eka vidvAne kula vivanI A badhI prajAonI hajAro varSanI prAcIna paristhiti pAMca olAda pRthvI upara vase che teo samAja jIvana, rAjya vyavasthA, lekanI sthiti kevA prakAranI (1 Arya prajA kekezIana prajA) hatI. te jANavuM kadAca : DaNa thaI paDe. tethI ahI yA eziyana mahaprajAonI prAcIna praNAlI ane lokajIvana kevA prakAranuM (2) meMgelIana prajA hatuM te viSaya upara prakAza pADavAmAM Avela che, A prajAo (3) IthIopI ane prajA dvArA eziyAnI Arya mahAprajAe pitAnI saMskRti kaI rIte vizvamAM phelAvI te jANavA maLe che. arthAt vizvanI moTA (4) amerikana prajA ane bhAganI saMskRti Aya saMskRti ja che. (5) malayama prajA. AryaprajA temAM meMgelIyana prajAmAM cIna, jApAna, tArI tIbeTa AryonA ToLe ToLAM AvIne bhAratanI sIdhunadInI ane brahmadeza vagere dezamAM rahetI pILI vasatIno samAveza AsapAsamAM potAno vasavATa karyo A hiMdamAM dAkhala thAya che IpIana prajAmAM AphrikAnI habasI prajA pesiphrika thayA te pahelAM hiMdu saMskAra thaI cUkI hate vAyavya khUNAmAM mahAsAgara paranI jaMgalI prA ane papuA prajAne samAveza AvelA mehana je-daDonAM avazeSe uparathI Aje ema cAthAya che. amerikana prajAmAM uttara amerikAmAM vasatI reDa kakasa lAge che ke AryonA Agamana pUrve ghaNAM lAMbA samainDIana nAmanI prajAno samAveza thAya che. malayama prajAmAM yathI e pradezamAM mahAna saMskRti majUda hatI ane te malAyA ane hiMdI mahAsAgaramAM AvelA AdIpabhegomAM saMskRti ko lekAnI saMskRti hatI teeAnI bhASA prAcIna vasanArI mULa prajAne samAveza karavAmAM Ave che. A badhI che. temanuM sAhitya bahu suMdara che. teonI bhASA AryonI prajAo samagra pRthvI uparanI prajA che. AmAM eka bhAga Arya saMskRta bhASAnI putrIo nathI. hiMdanA AryonI mukhya bhASA prajA paNa che jyAre ApaNe eziyana mahAprajAo viSe vicAra saMskRta hatI te samaya mAM draviDene A anAryo tarIke karIe chIe tyAre ApaNI samakSa cha prajAo upasthita oLakhAtA ane pitAne deva samAna mAnatA tethI teonI thAya che. te prajAo Arya, nAga, romana, grIka, cIna ane bhASA paNa devabhASA kahevAtI hiMdI, baMgALI, marAThI, guja kahevAtI. Araene samAveza thAya che. jyAre ApaNe samagra pRthvI sAta bhASAmAM saMskRta bhASAnI putrI ( paranI prajAo para dRSTipAta karazuM tyAre ApaNI najaramAM A dhIre dhIre bhAratamAM phelAvA lAgyA teo gaMgA A eziyana mahAprajAonI ja saMskRti jovAmAM Avaze. nadInAM medAnamAM paNa vasavA lAgyA. Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga 2 ja gale bhedIne teo dakSiNamAM paNa AgaLa vadhyA paraMtu yudhdha ke saMkaTanA samayamAM kaI kaI vakhata magadUra eka paurANika AkhyAyikA uparathI jaNAya che ke agatya hoyate zudra ke saithI halakI jAtine mANasa paNa rAjagAdI RSi dakSiNamAM janAra prathama AryA hatA. teo tyAM Arya meLavI zakate vakhata jatAM Arya lokonu khamIra utarI gayu dharma ane Arya saMskRtine saMdeza laI gayA teoe potAnI ane jJAti vyavasthA jaDa banI gai, grAma vyavasthA khIlavI draviDanI junI ane Aryone navA vicArane samanvaya thayo. Aryoe temanI vasAhate temanA nagaro ane gAme game tema vasAvyA nahotAM teo pAse cakakasa yojanA hatI. ApagAma lagabhaga svataMtra hatA ane cUMTAyelI paMcAyate Nane jANIne AnaMda thaze ke e yejanAmAM bhUmitinI AkRtitemane vahIvaTa calAvatI keTalAka gAme ane nAnA kasabAo ene upayoga karavAmAM Avato hato A uparAta zaidaka kaI rAjA ke saradAranA amala nIce ekatra thatAM e saradAra pUjAmAM paNa bhumitinI AkRtino upayoga thate ghare ane ke rAjA koi cUMTAyele te kaIvAra vaMzaparaMparAgata hata nabaro bAMdhavAnA zAstra sAthe bhUmitino ghaNo nikaTano saMbaMdha rastA dharmazALAo ke pANIne mATe nahero bAMdhavA tathA hate. zarUAtamAM ghaNu karIne AryagAma killebaMdhIthI bIjA sArvajanika ane loka samastanAM hitanAM kAryo mATe surakSita chAvaNI jevuM hatuM kAraNake duzmanonA humalAne judA judA kAma saMghe paraspara sahakAra karatA ema jaNAya teone bhaya hate nagaranI cAre bAju catuSkoNa keTa hatuM, che ke rAjA rAjyamAM AgevAna purUSa hatuM kharo paraMtu te ane temAM cAra moTA ane cAra nAnA daravAjA hatA A pitAnI marajImAM Ave te karI zakate nahIM te paNa AryonA keTanI aMdara khAsa krama pramANe rastAo ane gharo hatA. kAyadA ane temanI praNAlIne vaza hatA ane prajA tene daMDa madhyamAM paMcAyata ghara hatuM tyAM gAmanA vaDIle bhegA thatA karI zakatI ke padabhraSTa paNa karI zakatI Ama Arya lokonI nAnA gAmaDAomAM paMcAyata gharane badale mAtra eka moTuM vasAhatemAM eka prakAranuM eka leka zAsana hatuM. eTale ke jhADa rahetuM prativarSa gAmanA svAdhIna puruSo ekaThA maLIne prajAjanone sarakAra upara amuka pramANamAM kAbu hatuM. pitAnI paMcAyata cUMTatA. bhAratIya Aryo ane grIka AryomAM ghaNo pharaka che. sAduM jIvana jIvavAne athavA ekAntamAM adhyayana ke baMne ThekANe lAkazAsana hatuM . chatA paNa A lAkazAsana bIju kaMI kArya karavA mATe ghaNu vidvAna purU gAma ke Aya loko pUratuM ja maryAdrita hatuM emano gulAma tathA zaheranI baDAra jagalamAM jaI vasatA temanI AsapAsa jemane ema halakI jAtimAM mUkyA hatA temane mATe laka- vidyAthI o ekaThA thatA ane Ama dhIre dhIre AvA guru zAsana ke svataMtratA nahAtI te samaye AjanA jevI ane zikhyAnI navI vasAhata banatI AvI vasAhatene vidyApITha asaMkhya vibhAge vALA jJAti vyavasthA nahotI te kALamAM karI zakIe tyAM AgaLa suMdara suMdara imArate nahAtI paraMtu bhAratIya AryomAM cAra vibhAge athavA cAra jJAtio hatI. vidyAnA upAsake dUra dUranA pradezamAMthI A vidhAnA dhAmamAM bApu : athavA bhaNelA gaNelA vidvAne pahita AvatA. ane RSimunio hAlamAM naherujInA nivAsa sthAna alAhabAdamAM kSatiya-athavA rAjyakartA vagara AnaMda bhavananI sAme bharadvAja Azrama che bharadvAja muni rAmAvaya : athavA vepArIo ane vepAra vaNajamAM paDelA leka yaNanA purANa samayanA bhAre vidvAna rUSi gaNAya che. ane pitAnA ane : zuddho athavA mahenata maMjurI karanAra mAra vaNa vanavAsa daramyAna rAme paNa temanA AzramanI mulAkAta lIdhI A rIte A vibhAge dhaMdhAne dhoraNe racAyelA hatA. e hatI. ema kahevAya che. vaLI emapaNuM kahevAya che ke hajAro banavAjoga che ke jJAti vyavasthA kaMIka aMze jitAyelI jAti. khyiA ane vidhAthI e temanA sAthe rahetA hanA A eka ethI aLagA rahevAnI AnI IcchA upara racAI hoya. vidyApITha ja hovI joIe ane bharadvAja tena AcArya vi haze. A uparAMta vaziSTha zAMDilya kazyapa, vizvAmitra vagere Aryale ke sArI peThe abhimAnI ane ghamaMDI hatA trasRSi munio paNa teja samayamAM thaI gayA hovA joIe tathA Itara jAtio tarapha teo tucchakAranI najare jotA hatA, kAraNa ke Aje bhAratamAM brAhmaNa vagere aneka jAtie kayA ane pitAnI jAtanA loko temanAmAM bhaLI jAya ema teo kuLanA ? ane tenA vaMzaja che ? te gotra, uparathI samajI IcchatA nahotA jJAtine mATe saMskRta bhASAne zabda va zakAya che. Aja RSionA nAma uparathI vyaktio kAzyapa che. teno artha raMga thAya che, e paNa darzAve che ke bahArathI gAtrazAMDilya gotra, vagerethI pitAnI oLakha Ape che. A AvanAra Aryo hiMdanA mULa vatanIo karatAM raMge gaura athavA uparAMta te samayamAM e Azrama gaMgAnA kAMThA upara hate. ujaLA hatA Arya leke mahenata majurI karanArA vargane e bilakula saMbhavita che, jo ke Aje te nadI tyAMthI lagabhaga dabAvI rAkhyuM hatuM, kazAsanamAM kazo hisse na Apyo eka mAIla dUra che. ane vepAra vaNajamAM 5 vImA kavAya che. vaLI tenI sAthe rahetA hatA Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha e prAcIna samaya hiMdanA Ane unnati-kALa hate bhAratamAM AsAmanI pUrvamAM AvelA pahADI pradezamAM vasavATa dakSiNa bihAramAM AveluM magadha, uttara bihAramAM AveluM hatuM. te bhArata - barmAnI sarahade Avela che. A prajA judA videha, banArasa, kozala, gaMgA jamanAnI vacce Avela paMcAla judA nAme oLakhAtAM juthamAM vasavATa karatI hatI. temane vagere te kALanA keTalAMka rAjA ane prajAtaMtra hatA. uparAMta vasAvATa lagabhaga paMdara hajAra corasa mAIlamAM hatuM. teo pATalI putra, vaizAlI vagere nagara DitA. vakhata jatAM meTAM bethI pAMca hajAranI vastIvALA nAnA gAmaDAmAM vasatA. teonI zahero ane kasabAo astitvamAM AvyA. vepAra-rojagAra aneka peTA jAtio che. badhI jAtio emanI vALa oLavasthA ane kArIgara varganI kaLA ane AvaDatanI paNa unati vAnI rIta, emane pozAka, emanI dhArmika kriyAthI eka thaI. zahera paranAM mathake banyAM jyAM AgaLa vidvAna brAhmaNo bIjI judI tarI Ave che. teo khAsa viziSTa praka ranI zAla temanA ziSyo sAthe vasatA te vananA Azrame paNa maTI oDhe che. gAmane vahIvaTa pasaMda karelA kuTuMbanA vaDAo kare moTI vidyApITha banI gayA. A vidyAnA dhAmamAM te vakhate che. prajAnA jIvanamAM kuTuMba mukhya ekama hatuM. atyaMta niSNujJAta evA jJAnanA badhA viSayonuM zikSaNa ApavAmAM AvatuM yaka tathA jhaMjhAvAte sAme TakI zake evI teonI sAmAjika brAhmaNe yudhdha kaLA paNa zIkhavatA hatA. mahAbhAratamAMnA rAjakIya vyavastha: hatI. lekazAhInI Dhabe vahIvaTa calAvatI pAMDa nA mahAna gurU droNAcArya paNa brAhmaNa hatA. teNe temane AgAmasa ane Asa jAtimAM mukhInI cUMTaNI thatI. ane bIjA viSaye uparAta yuddhakaLA paNa zIkhavI hatI. bANAvaLI TALakhulsa ane kAnyaka jAtiomAM mukhI vaMza paraMparA gata arjuna tene zreSTha yudhdhakuzaLa ziSya hate. rIte banate. teo gunA pramANe phAMsI sudhI paNa zikSA karatA ane khAsa karIne sogaMdane Asaro levAmAM AvatuM. laDAIne Arya prajAnuM sAhitya khUbaja vizALa pramANu pAM che. vakhate nAga prajAomAM duzmananuM mAthuM kApI lAvIne sAcavI Ayae varSonI tapazcaryA, manana ane svAnubhavane AdhAre rAkhavAnI prathA hatI temAM pitAnA sAhityanI racanA karI che. kAgaveda, yajurveda, sAmaveda, atharveda, A cAre vedo ke jema enI saMskRtinuM mULa che. (1) mRtyu jevI AkharI bAbate aMgenI mAnyatA. jemAM teonA deve prakRtinA tatve hatA. tyAra pachI zikSA, kapa, vyAkaraNa nirUkata; chaMda, tiSa A vedAga racavAmAM (2) jIvaleNu takarAra AvyA. jemAM viSayavAra vicAra karavAmAM Avyo smRti, itihAsa, 18 purANa vagere racavAmAM AvyAM jemAM AryonI saMskRti (3) mRtyu pachInA aMtima saMskAra aMgenI dhArmika kriyA, ane vilakSaNa budhi temaja bhAvanAone vicAra karavAmAM (4 khetI aMgenI dhAki kriyA AvyA che. vedamAM je devomAM prakRtinA tatvone mAnavAmAM AvatA te have AgaLa vadhatAM aneka prakAranA deve, teonI (5) sAmAjika pharajanuM prAcIna svarUpa vageree AvI mUti, pUjAvidhi, yajJa-yAgAdi vagerene vistRta pramANamAM prathA zarU karavAmAM potAne phALo Apyo hate. pazcimanA vicAra karavAmAM Avyo che. Aryoe potAnA sAhityamAM mAne nAga ema mAnatA ke kIDInuM eka kaTaka bIjI kIDImanuSya jIvanane lagatA badhA viSayane vicAra karyo che. enA dara para hale laI jatuM e joIne amArA bApadAdAtemAM samAja ne lagatA, dareka vargone lagatA, dharma, artha, o laDAI karatAM zIkhelA. chUpAIne chApe mAravAnI paddhati kAma ane mokSa prAptine lagatA, vanaspati zAstra ane Ayurveda sAva vyAjabI gaNavAmAM AvatI. chatAM paNa ddhAne dage ne lagatA, vagere tamAma viSayano samAveza thAya che. karavA pratye napharata rAkhatA. hale karavAmAM amuka praNAlikAatyAranA samayamAM ApaNe vai rAAnika zodhe joI e chIe enuM teo kaDaka rIte pAlana karatA. vaiddhAoe brahmacaryanuM te badhAnuM mULa AryonuM sAhitya ja che. vimAna jevI pAlana karavuM paDatuM. teo hallo karyA pachI amuka vidhi karyA bAda Adhunika vastuone ule ba Arya sAhityamAM pahelAMthI ja teo gharamAM dAkhala thaI zakatA. zatruonA mAthA kApI Ave thaI gayela che. te mAthAM ghara para TAMgavAmAM AvatA, ane pachI potAnA saMta nine te sthaLe lAvI zikhAmaNa ApatA ke "jo tu tephAna AryaprajA bAbatamAM te eTaluM ja kahI zakAya ke karIza te tArA AvA hAla thaze." teo duzmananuM mAthuM Adhunika vizALa vaijJAnika sAgarane teoe potAnI buddhi kApI AvyA pachI sAta che varasa sudhI 'nA' pALatA. ane rUpI gAgaranI aMdara samAvela hatuM. je hAla gaI rahyo che. ddhAne panI nI alaga sUvuM paDatuM. jemAM nAganI mAnyatA hatI ke mAthuM kApavAthI pAka sAro utare che. ane puruSa, nAga prajA : pazuomAM paNa vadhAro thAya che. vaLI keTalIvAra teo mANa Aryo bhAratamAM AvyA te vakhate draviDa, nAga vagere sonA bhoga paNa ApatA, A jAtanI prathAne "heDa-henTiga'' aneka prajAnI saMskRti vistRta pAmela hatI. A prajAno kahe che. Jain Education Intemational

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fff eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya minA bhAga-2 zarU kare tyAM sudhInA samaya mATenuM tenuM sAcuM. ghara che" temAM yudhdha kaLA, sAmAjika pharajo, zista, prAcIna rItarivAjo ane pojhIsa nI pharate gatIma ApAtI te lazkara zALA jevI gaNAtI. TAMgakhula nAmanI nAga jAtimAM strI-zikSaNa mATaeNna loMga namanI saMsthA hatI. temAM chokarIone vaNutAM, karAe sAthe vata karatAM ane paraNAgata karatAM zIkhavavAmAM AvatuM tenA sAtatyamAM phaga, govALiyA, anAdha ane vAMdha mAnayanI vArtAo nAga praznanI suMdara kRti racAtI. kalekagItAmAM prema mukhya viSaya banato. svapnAM, zukana, sarjananI thA ane sUrya, thaDa temaja Rtuo jevI kudaratI ghaTanAne AdhAre rUpaka racAtAM. jAtIya saMbadhanA svapnA, pANIthI bharelu bharapUra taLAva vageremAM Arogya sAruM kahevAmAM mAnatA. kUkaDAnA kUkarekamAM kUtarA cakrane khAI javA mAgato hata vagerenI mAnyatAo kathAmAM eDI devAmAM AvatI, cunge e nAga lAkonI viziSTha sudhA che. temAM vividha prakAranI kAma gIrI thatI. te kuTuMbanA AkramaNathI saMpUrNa --paNe rakSita lakha che. puruSo tyAM beDI gAma pAhAMkatA yuvAnone " jannA " vakhate kathA kahevAmAM AvatI temAM cedhAA bhAlA, DhAla vagere rAkhatA, suranga rakSita sthaLa le mAya temAM gunegAra paNa surazita rahetA. temAM rahelI mita paNa surakSita rahe. tethI mukhya kAmagIrI su " jela " nA chekarAone suvAnI sagavaDa ApavA aMgenI hatI. mu ta thato vakhate viSe thatI. temAM pavitra paththaro para eka thAMbale mukI tene pAyAmAM nAkhavAmAM Ave. temAM pretAtmAnI zita rahetI evu manAya. prAcIna nAma prajAnA dharmanI viziSNunA anAra che. gAma jannA, kuTuMba jannA ke aMgata jannA. janDAmAM teo kAmakAja dha karI ane bahAranA saMparkathI apti thaI jAya. bAvA prasaMge bhUta pretane sabodhIne prAthanA karavAmAM pretane saMbodhIne prArthanA karavAmAM Ave ke tRpta karavAmAM Ave ke jethI gAma ke kuTuMba ane vyaktinA kalyANumAM ADe na Ave cokhAnA pretAtmAne paNa teo khuza karava vivadha karatA. A aitAmAM sAmAnya rIte ii hoya che, parsanA traisaTha divasa gamaDanA loko janmA pALavAmAM gALatA. chatanAM divase teo niSedha pALatA. zuDhI mATenI khAnagI vidhimAM vRddha mANusa hAthamAM maraghAne rAkhI matra bolatA ke " Aje prabhAta suMdara che. Aje saMdhyA suMdara che. tArA thI tane AziSa Ape che OM OMnA kumaLA choDanI jema vikAsa pAma tArA khetaramAM paDela banI vRddhi thAya tane kaI roga na thAya. tArI badhI Apitta A mathA para paDe. varasAda ane sUrya dvArA tArAparanI Apattie sApha. thAya." vagere khATalA moTA matra gAlI mAne mArI nAkha thAmAM Avato A vidhine "jhIlI" kahe che, janArAye jhIkulI ' kahe che. jannAsAthe jamaNavAra paNa thato. jemAM cadaranA seko. jazubhAra karatA te zAhI Dhabe prANIno bhoga caDAve ane kAtarI gAdI para besavAno tukaka prApta kare. lagna prasaMgamAM be cAnA joDANu vakhate paNa jamaNavAra thatA phregmA nAga jamaNavAra vakhate kotarelA thAMbhalA sAthe bAMdhelA pazunA vadha karatA. renmAnAganI bali prajAmAM viziSThatA hatI. tee mAnatA ke aline khArAka na Ape te prANIna vadha karatAM pahelA ghasaDIne nAgaprajA Akhuya varasa pravRttizIla rahe. cekhA, baTATA lAkha vagerenA reDiyA pAka letAM, teemAM bajAranI sagavaDa na bali niSkala'ka, sarvAMga suMdara hovA e ja. chellA ja divasamAM, koLAM, tamAku, Adu, bAjarI, kapAsa jaMgalI rabara, kurya vadha pachI vidhimAM madada karanAra mitra zunanI khAtara tenuM kALaju bahAra kADhIle ane pretAtmAone temAMthI zeSa ghare bhagavAne dharAvAmAM AvelI roya sivAyanI badhI roSa te lale ane te gharanA AMgaNAmAM AMdhI rAkhavAmAM Ave. alinA gaLe bAMdhelA paTTo pachI kAMTAvALA thAMbhalA para laTakAvI devAmAM Ave. balinI kheAparI ane khabhAnuM huDakuM bali ApanArane ApIde. bhaviSyamAM bIktaone khAtavavA mATe hatI. vaNATa, luhArI, mADI, hAMsa, mI vagerenA kAmanA udyoga karatAM nAga pradezamAM vanaspatizAstrI e. prANIzAstrI AnuM sAcuM svarga che. strIomAM kaMtAI ane vaNATa kAma thAya. ramA hio ane A kapaDAMpa .te cItaravAnI temAM bhAvAnuM koSTaka A pramANe hatuM. kaLA haze paraMtu A badhA mATe vastu vinimayanI pradhAtunI A kAtarelA thAMbhalA para tene rAkhI mUkatA. 1 gulAma puruSa=eka gAya ane traNa zakha 1 gulAma sI=traNa gAya ane cAra ke pAMca za'kha =ddeza zakha =be zakha =be zakha paththaranA smAraka ubhA karavAnI prathA nAga prajAmAM hatI. mamuka prakAranA paththaro para karatA ane vidhi ka lAvatA te strI ane puruSanA pratika jevA hatA. pitAnA smaraNArthe smAraka ubhuM' karatA vijaya prasaMganI yAdamAM gAbI banatI smArakone pretAtmAnuM nivAsthAna tathA zukaniyALa gaNAvAmAM AvatuM paLa mAthe taLAvo paNa khADatA. nAga prajAnI zikSaNa padhdhati AdivAsI prajA mATe taiyAra karelI hatI. muntra nAme oLakhAtI zikSaNa saMsthA e mahAna hatI. eka yuvAna nAgaleka lakhe che ke " A saMsthAo kizorAvasthAthI mAMDIne yuvAno page ane yana 1 gAya 1 kara 1 bAkI 1 maraghI A keSTaka upara badalAmAM nIrjIva vastu mIThAnu eka paDI thI jaNAze ke 1 sajIva prANI nA maLatI. eka zabanI kimatI bhAratIya

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skRti saMbha' graMtha calaNanA eka rUpiyA jeTalI gaNAtI, renamAM jAtimA AkhA dhIme dhIme A vasAhatane vikAza thayo ane chevaTe temAMthI divasanA pagAra peTe eka aMgUThA jevaDe mIThAne gAMgaDe zahera banyuM. A nagara rAjayano vistAra vadhateja gayo ane apAte ane pachI mATInA vAsaNa ane sUkavelI maraghInuM ITalInA cheka dakSiNa cheDA uparanA sisilInI sAme AvelA sthAna rahetuM mIThAnA se gAMgaDAnI kiMmata eka rUpiyA jeTalI mesInA sudhI badhe mulaka tenA amala nIce AvyuM. gaNAtI romamAM eka vizeSa prakAranuM rAyataMtra hatuM. tyAM koI nAga prajAmAM lagna prasaMga maTo gaNAya. kanyAnA samrATa ke rAjA nahe temaja Aja nA jamAnAnA jevuM jIvanamAM khAsa phera na paDe. lagna pahelAM bane haLatA prajAtaMtra paNa nahotu jamInanI mAlikI dharAvatAM ceDA dhanika --maLatAM ane saMvanananI taka apAtI. kumArikAnA oraDAmAM kuTuMbanuM temAM prabhutva hatuM rAjaya vahIvaTa seneTa calAvatI te thatuM. banne eka bIjAne samajyA pachI mA-bApane vAtanI seneTanA sabhyonI nimaNuMka be " kesela" karatA kola jANa thatI. pachI paTAghATa, lagnanI kiMmata, daheja, sagapaNa hoddedAro hatA. te banne cUMTaNIthI nimAtA romana prajAnAmAtra nakakI thatuM. ghaNIvAra lagnamAM deraDA kheMcanI ramatane zukani- a ra vargane leke seneTanA sabhya thaI. zakatA AthI yALa gaNavAmAM AvatI. strIonuM sthAna ghara bAbatamAM sakriya samajAya che ke remanaprajA be vargomAM vahecAyelI hatI eka bhAgIdAra jevuM hatuM. strIone jAhera kSetramAM javAnI chUTa te pedrIziyana athavA te jamInadAra amIravaga ane bIjo hatI. dhArmika vidhimAM AhalAdaka gIta gavAtA. nRtya karavAnI lebiyana athavA sAmAnya prajAjanene varga A vargo darzAvI ane chUTA cheDA levAnI chUTa hatI. lagna kuLanI bahAra thatuM. Ape che ke peTrIziyana ane plebiyana lekene sattA mATenA nAga strIonuM rimata manahara lAge che. te atithi satkAramAM saMgharSa eka itihAsa che. A be vargo uparAMta rAmana rAjayamAM ni paNa hoya che. dainika jIvanamAM strIo vahelI uThe zirAmaNa gulAmenI vastI hatI temane kAMi paNa haka nahotA teo karI kAma karavA jAya. teo svabhAve vAtoDiyA hoya che janA rAjayamAM nAgarika paNa nahotA ane mata ApavAne paNa nA divasemAM phurasada rahe che tethI kalAka sudhI vAte ja karyA temane adhikAra nahI mAtra gAya ane kUtarAnI mApha teo kare. teone maMtrI, maurya, vakatRtva zakitanuM mUlya hoya che. temanA mAlikanI khAnagI milakata gaNatA hatA mAlika dareka vyakita A jIvanamAM UMDo rasa le che. aMdagI pachInA pitAnI marajI mujaba temanuM vecANa karI zakato athavA jIvanane judu mAne che. teone mukakAbAjI doraDA-kheMca, temane sajA karI zakatA ane saMjogavazAta chUTA paNa karavAmAM vAgha-mANusanI ramata ane paththaraAjI jevI ramate priya. AvatA AvA chUTA thayelA gulAmane paNa eka varga hatuM teo yudhdha nRtya paNa karatAM nRtyamAM raMga beraMgI kapaDAM tene "phaTamena" eTale ke chUTA thayelA gudAmAne varga kapaDAMmAM prANIonA citro mAthA upara pIchA khasavA vagere kahevAmAM Alate pazcima taraphanI purANI duniyAmAM haMmezA ne zaNagAra karatAM. strIo matInI asaMkhya mALAo, gulAmenI bhAre mAMga rahetI ane te mArA purI pADavA strI ziMgaDAM, keDI, chIpa, zaMkhalA vagerene upaga karatA. puruSa ane bALakone vecavA mATe A romana prajAe bajAre , ubhA karyA ane A bajAramAM mAla pUro pADavA mATe remanA Ama nAga prajA eka viziSTha prakAranI prajA che. ke ke prajA dUra dUranA pradezamAM hamalAo laI jatI. jemAM aneka prakAranA rItarivAje dhArmika bhAvanA dhaMdha rAjagAra vageremAM keTalIya AzcaryakAraka vastuo jovA maLe che romana prajAmAM rAjyavahIvaTa seneTa karatI. cUMTAyelA be nAga prajAnA keTalAMka rItarivAje AjapaNu ApaNuM lekamAM kendrale seneTanA sabhyonI nimaNuMka karatA hatA ane kensepracalita jovAmAM Ave che. temAM khAsa karIne lagna prathAnAM lane mata ApavAne haka dharAvanAra nAgariko cUMTatA. zarU rivAje vadhAre pracalita che. jemake daheja prathA zukana apazukana zarUmAM rema nAnA nagara rAjya jevuM hatuM tyAre kene vagere. vasavATa rema najIkamAM hato tethI ekaThA maLI mata ApavAnuM lekene mATe muzkela na hatuM. paraMtu romana prajAne naphelAtA romanu prajA : vasavATane kAraNe AjanA ApaNA "pratinidhi zAsana" kahIe eziyAnI pazcima tarapha daSTipAta karatAM ApaNI chIe tene vikAsa thayo nahi. cUMTaNI karavAne ane mahatvasamakSa romana prajA upasthita thAya che. A remana prajA paNa nA nirNa karavAne sAce adhikAra romana matadAronA hAthamAM AryonA vaMzaja che. kAraNa ke AryonI eka ToLI pazcima hatuM je hebiyana vaga hato. tethI sattAnI IcchA rAkhanArA tarapha gayelI hatI. ema kahevAya che ke Izu pahelAM AThame dhanika TriIziyane matanI kharIdI karatAM tethI AjanI cUMTaNImAM varasa upara remanI sthApanA thaI hatI. AraMbhanA Aja cAle che tevA ja prapaMce ane lAMca rUzvata rAmanI cUMTaNImAM romana ke AryonA vaMzaja hatA. TAIbara nadInI pAse paNa cAlatAM hatA. AnAthI cUMTaNI vakhate AvelA paisAnuM AvelI sAta TekarIo upara temanI keTalIka vasAhata hatI. purepUruM vaLatara dhanika leke letA. tethI dhanike vadhArene vadhAre Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAma-2 dhanika banatA ja gayA. pariNAme ati dhanavAnonuM jIvana lIdhe prajAnA vargonuM zoSaNa thatuM dhanavAna leke ramatagamata sukhamaya ane majazekha vALuM thavA lAgyuM jethI garIba vaga harIphAI ane sarakasanI sAThamArIthI garIba lekene phelAva ane dhanika vargane khUbaja vikAsa thayo. A dhananA vikAsa vAne prayatna karatA hatA. A sarakasanI sAThamArImAM kevaLa karanArA peTrIziyana sattAdhIza bhUmadhya samudranI AsapAsanA prekSakonA manarajana karavAne khAtara gleDiyeTarone eka bIjA sAthe dezone tAbAmAM lIdhA ane mUlake jItavAnuM pariNAma e AvyuM AmaraNa laDavAnI pharaja pADavAmAM AvatI. saMkhyAbaMdha gulAma ke romana samRddhi vadhI. chatAyelA mulakamAMthI sonuM ane ane yuddha kedIone A rIte "ramatane mArI nAkhavAmAM AvatA. galAmeno tyAM dhodha vahevA lAgyo. teja vakhatamAM kAthe ja Ane kAraNe vAraMvAra halaDa ane kApA kApI paNa thatI. leke sAthenI laDAI vakhate phebiyasa nAmane senApati thaI kahevAya che ke te samayamAM romamAM epiyana mArge AgaLa gayuM hatuM. tenA nAma uparathI aMgrejI bhASAmAM "phebiyana" emAMnA 6000 gulAmene krusa para vIMdhI nAkhavAmAM AvyA zabda nIkaLyo che. A zabda parathI ja parisitinI cokhavaTa hatA. AmAM cuMTaNInI lAMca ruzvata paNa kAraNa banatuM. A karIne tenA Ama ke tema phesalo na karavo, TokaTI ke uparAMta romanA rAjyanAM saMkrAti kALamAM -misaramAM eka strI laDAIne TALyA karavI ane dhIme Ate potAnuM dhyeya siddha hatI je potAnA sauMdaryane kAraNe itihAsamAM mazahUra thaI karavAnI murAda sevatA rahevuM. A jAtanI nIti phebiyana nIti che. tenuM nAma kilapeTrA" hatuM. tenI AbarU sArI na hatI. tyArathI ja astitvamAM AvI che. A uparAMta remanA aneka paraMtu sauMdaryane kAraNe ItihAsanI dizA badalI nAkhanAra senApatiomAM pimpI ane juliyasa sIjharae be senApati- gaNIgAMThI strIomAMnI te eka hatI jenAthI ramana prajAnuM enA nAma AgaLa tarI Ave che. sI jhare phrAMsa ane Igle, naukAyuddha prakhyAta banyuM. nDane jItI lIdhA hatAM ane he:'taMtrane rAjA thayo hato A remana prajAe samrATa mATe mUti taiyAra karAvIne pUjauparathI lAge che ke zekasapiyare "juliyasa sIjhara" nAmane vAnI prathA misaranI daivI zAsakanI kalpanA pAsethI grahaNa nATakanI racanA karI hatI. sIjhara pachI romana prajAmAM thaI karI hoya. A badhA uparathI eTaluM te cokakasa lAge che ke gayelA sattAdhIzo "sIjhara" nA nAmathI oLakhAtA pachI te romana prajAmAM ItihAsa tathA bhUgoLa nuM jJAna na hatuM chatAM sIjhara, zabdano prayoga samrATanA arthamAMja thavA lAgyo. paNa ramana prajAe sauthI vadhAre Azcarya kAraka vastu te teNe ApaNAmAM pracalita "jhara ane jhAra e zabdo paNa sIjhara UbhI karelI jagaduM vyApI sArvabhaumatvanI jagavyApI zabdamAMthI ja nIkaLyA che je ghaNu vakhatathI hindustAnanI AdhipatyanI kalapanA che. bhASAmAM paNa daijhara zabda e arthamAM vaparAvA lAge che. mananI saMskRti dhanIka lekenI saMskRti hatI. paNa jema ke sare rUma' kaisare' hiMda' vagere. IgleMDane rAjA A dhanike prAcIna grIsanA kaLA premI ane budhdhimAna dhanike tyAra paNa sare hiMdano khitAba dhAraNa karavAmAM AnaMda jevA nahotA romanA dhaniketo sAmAnya prakAranA ane maMdamAne che. IgleMDanI nizALAmAM te remane itihAsa bhaNAva, budhi lekenI eka jamAta jevA hatA, basa mejhamajhA uDAvavI vAmAM Ave che temAM gela uparanI juliyasa sIjhare karelI e emanA jIvananuM dhyeya hatuM. temane mATe duniyAbharamAMthI caDAInuM varNana mULa leTina bhASAmAM teNe pote ja lakheluM khAdya padArtho ane moja zekhanI vastuo roma AvatI. hatuM ke mAtra ye nahI paNa prabhAvazALI lekhaka paNa hate. tyAMja bhapaka ane ADaMbara pravartatAM hatAM eka pachI eka tenA pustakanuM nAma "gelika yuddha' (De bello gallico) damAmadAra saraghase nIkaLatAM hatAM tathA sarakamAM ramate hatuM. A uparanI samajAya che ke romana prajAmAM leTina bhASA ramAtI ane maraNa nIpaje tyAM sudhI gleDiyeTaronI kustI o pracalita hatI. romana samrATane sIjharanI padavI uparAMta bIjI cAlatI hatI. paraMtu A bhapakA ane damAmanA pAyAmAM Ama paNuM eka padavI maLatA pracalita che. te padavI IparaTaranI janatAnAM duHkha ane hADamArI rahelAM hatAM tyAM AgaLa bhAre. che. A padavI jaliyasa sIjharanA dattaka putra "ekaTeniyana" ne karaverA levAnA hatA ane tene amane sIjharanI padavI pUratI bhAdAra na lAgatAM dhAraNa karI hatI. je leke upara paDate hate. agaNita gulAme maMjUra ne be A uparAMta te samayamAM rAma duniyAnI rANI' tarIke oLa- uThAvatA hatA. eTaluM ja nahi paNa A mahAnubhAve e temanuM ta. ane AkhI duniyA romanA Adhipatya nIce che. tema vaidyakIyakAma. temanuM tatvaciMtana tathA temane mATe vicAra karavAnuM pazcimanAM loko mAnatA hatA AvI hatI romana prajAnI kAma suddhAM moTe bhAge grIka gulAmane ja soMpyuM hatuM. vaLI rAjakIya temaja sAmAjika sthiti. teo potAne ja duniyAnA svAmI gaNatA hatA. tene keLaprajAnuM jIvana rAjyanA sattAdhIzonAM AdhAre hatuM. vavAno athavA te viSe mAhitI ekaThI karavAne A dhanika kAraNa keplebiyana garIba varga cheDA pausA laIne peTIziyana-dhani. romane e kazeja prayAsa karyo nathI. remanuM lazkara pUrvanA kavargane sattAdhIza banAvavAne lIdhe sattAnI sAThamArImAM mulakamAM vyavasthita rIte gulAme pakaDavAnuM kAma karata peTrIziyana prajA upara julama gujArato hato. gulAmInI prathAne prAcIna kALanA grIka leke jene pavitra gaNatA te Delejha TApa Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha karI Aroe mIka Aye huM AdhAre sukhI navI ne nAza gulAmenuM moTuM bajAra banI gayA. eka divasamAM lagabhaga loko tarIke oLakhIe chIe. ane jemanI ApaNe tArIpha 10000 jeTalA gulAmo vecAtA remano eka lokapriya karIe chIe te A grIka Aja hatA. je Aryo hindustAna samrATa vizALa kolejhiyamamAM eka vakhate 1200 jeTalA pahoMcyA hatA temanAthI A Aryo bahu bhinna nahotA. gulAmene kustI karavA utArata samrATa ane prajAnuM manaraMjana vakhata jatAM temanAmAM pheraphAra thavA lAgyA ane AryonI be karavAne arthe A hatabhAgI gulAmene maraNa zaraNa thavuM paDatuM zAkhAo vadhu judI paDatI gaI. hiMdanA Aryo upara purANa hatuM. A jAtanA meja zekhane kAraNe zarUAtamAM te romana hiMdanI drAviDa saMskRtinI bhAre asara paDI hatI. mehana sAmrAjyanI aMdara te kaMI nahi te AraMbha kALamAM pekasa ne-daDo AgaLa je saMskRtinA avazeSo Aje ApaNane ramAnA " eTale ke romana zAMti pravartatI hatI. paraMtu vakhata maLI Ave che tenI paNa temanA upara kadAca asara paDI hoya. jatAM romana leke atizaya ALasu thaI gayA ane pitAnA sau mAM bharatI thaine laDavA mATe bIjI rIte paNa teo eja pramANe A grIsamAM AvyA tyAre, tyAM vikaselI nakAmA thaI gayA. tethI sAmrAjyanI bahAranA loko temane sAsanI purANI saMskRtinI paNa grIka Aryo upara asara "barbara" eTale ke asaMskArI loko tarIke oLakhatA. paDI hovI joIe. grIka Aryoe sAsanI saMskRtinA bAhya sAmrAjyanA divasemAM remanI saMskRti AvA prakAranI hatI aMgeno nAza karyo ane tenA khaMDiyere upara pitAnI gibana lakhe che ke jyAre mANasa jAta sauthI vadhAre sukhI ane AbAda hatI e yuga jagatanA ItihAsamAM kayo? prAcIna samayanA grIka ane hiMdI Aye khaDatala ane vAnuM koIne kahevAmAM Ave te vinA saMkoce te jabarA laDavaiyA hatA. navA grIka lokoe grIsa ane tenI DomiTiyananA maraNathI kemeDasanA rAjayAbhiSeka sudhInA yuganuM AsapAsa cavelA beTamAM vasavATa karyo. samudramAge te nAma deze eTale ke I. sa. 96 thI I. sa 180 sudhInA eziyA mAInaranA pazcima kinAre gayA, dakSiNa ITAlI ane 84 varasana kALa keTalAka leke gibananA A mata sAthe ane sisilI gayA tathA cheka krAMsanI dakSiNa sarahada upara saMmata na thAya AvI che romana prajAnI I. sa.nI zarU paNa pahocyA. phrAMsamAM temaNe marasesa vasAvyuM IleMDa jaMgalI AtanI prAcIna saMskRti Aja ApaNe lagabhaga be hajAra varSo AvasthAmAM hatuM tyAre teo tyAM sudhI pahoMcyA ane jibrAjeTale kALa jhapATAbaMdha vaTAvI gayA chIe. ramanA sAmrA- laTara nI sAmudradhunImAM thaIne paNa AgaLa vadhelA hatA. jyanI rAjadhAnI tyAMnA rAjAnA nAme pracalita thayelI "kenTAnTinopala" navA zaheramAM che je remanA prAcIna grIsanI bhUmi upara ethensa, spArTI. thISTha ane rAjAonI smRti tAjI karI rahyuM che. pazcimanuM "pavitra" kerintha vagere vikhyAta nagare ubhA thayAM. grIka athavA temane sAmrAjya vakhate vakhata palaTAtuM rahyuM vakhate vakhata adazya asala nAmathI oLakhavA hoya te, helana lokonA AraMbhathayuM ane pharI pAchuM pragaTa thayuM je romana prajAnA prAcIna kALanI hakIkata "IliyaDa' ane 'ADesI" nAmanA be prakhyAta ItihAsanuM chAyA rUpa ane preta samAna sAmrAjya hatuM. mahAkAvyomAM maLI Ave che. keTalIka rIte rAmAyaNa ane mahAbhAratanA ApaNAM mahAkAvyane e maLatAM Ave che. homara grIka prajA-- nAmanA aMdha kavie te lakhelAM manAya che. khUba sUrata helananuM prAcIna kALamAM grIsa kharekhara maDAna hatuM. Aje perIsa pitAnI nagarI DheyamAM kevI rIte haraNa karI gayo tathA paNa leke tenI kIti gAthA vAMcI Azcaryacakita thAya che. tene pAchI meLavavA grIsanA rAjAoe drayane kevI rIte ghera tenI ArasanI pratimAonuM saudarya joIne mugdha banIe ghAlyo tenI vAta iliyaDamAM Ave che. chIe. tenA purANA sAhityanA je avaze Aje maLe che tene ApaNe bhaktibhAva ane AzcaryathI vAMcIe chIe keTa grIsa viSe eka hakIkata bahu rasadAyaka che. ApaNane lIka rIte arvAcIna yurepa prAcIna grIsanuM saMtAna che. ema tarata dekhAI Ave che ke grIka lekane moTA moTA rAjya ke kahevAmAM Ave che kAraNa ke grIsanA AcAra vicAranI yuropa sAmrAjya pasaMda na hatA temane nAnA nAnA nagara rAjya 9 para eTalI bhAre asara thaI che. paraMtu zrIsanI e mahattA ja pasaMda hatAM. eTale ke temanuM pratyeka nagara eka svataMtra Aje kayAM che ? yuropanA agni khUNAmAM grIsa nAmane eka rAjya hatuM. vaLoe badhA nAnA nAnA nagara rAjya prajAtaMtra nAne sarakho deza mAtra rahyo che. hatAM. dareka rAjyanI madhyamAM zahera hatuM. ane tenI Asa pAsa khetaro hatAM. jemAMthI zaherane mATe khorAkanI cIjo misara ane nesAsa e be deza pahela vahelA AgaLa AvatI prajAtaMtramAM. rAjA nathI hote. zaheranAM dhanika prajAvadhyA. dhIre dhIre Arya loko eziyAmAMthI pazcima tarapha jane tene rAjya kArabhAra calAvatA. tyAM sAmAnya prajAjanane khasavA mAMDyA. ane temaNe grIsa ane tenI AsapAsanA te rAjya vahIvaTamAM kAja avAja na hato. vaLI tyAM ghaNuM deze upara AkramaNa karyuM jemane Aje ApaNe prAcIna grIka gulAma paNa hatA temane rAjyamAM kaze paNa adhikAra na Jain Education Intemational

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170 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 hota. strIone paNa kazo hato na hato. eTale ke nagara rAjyanI hatI. eka cheDAthI bIjA cheDA sudhI jatA sarasa rastAo che. vastInA theDA bhAgane ja nAgarika hake hatA. ane rAjakAjanA jenA dvArA grIkanI zAhI TapAlanI AvajA thatI. grIka prajA jAhera prazno upara mAtra temane ja mata ApavAno adhikAra potAnA vatana mATe svAbhimAnI hatI, tethI ja IrAnanI laDAImAM hate. e nAgarikone mATe mata ApavAnuM kArya muzkela na moTA lazkara upara vijaya pAmI zakI hatI. hatuM. kAraNa ke e badhA zaheramAM ke eka jagyAe ekaThAM thaI zakatAM hatA. Ama banI zakatuM. tenuM kAraNa e ke eka grIka prajA graMtha, mUtio, khaMDiyero Aje ApaNane ja rAjyanI hakUmata nIceno te pradeza vizALa na hoto. paNa jovA maLe che. jenAthI ApaNe AnaMda pAmIe chIe A eka nAnakaDuM nagara rAjya hatuM. pAchaLanAM vakhatamAM bIjA dezomAM suMdara mUtio ghaDanAra ane ImArato bAMdhanAra lekonAM mana muzkelI ubhI thaI hatI. paraMtu pratinidhItvavALI sarakAranI kevA unnata ane temanA hAtha keTalA kuzaLa haze ? phaDiyasa vaijanAthI eno ukela karavAmAM Avyo ane artha e ke te samayane mazahUra mUti kAra hatuM. A uparAMta grIkanAM. sukha keIpaNa praznano nirNaya karavAne samagra dezanAM badhA matadAre paryavasAyI ane duHkha paryavasAyI nATaka eka prakAranI ekaThA maLavAne badale teo potAnA pratinidhio cUMTI kADhe sAhitya kRtiomAM zreSTha gaNAya che. je ApaNe grIka prajAnI che. pachI e pratinidhIo ekaThA maLe che ane dezane lagatA. saMskRti jevI hoya te Adhunika yuropa aneka bAbatamAM jAhera praznono vicAra kare che. tathA tene mATe kAyadAo ghaDe tenuM pharajada banyuM che. che A rIte sAmAnya matadAra dezanAM rAjya vahIvaTamAM pakSa grIka prajAnAM kIrtAiyugamAM eka mahAna rAjapurUSa AgerIte madada kare che. vAna thaI gaye jenuM nAma zerikilasa hatuM trIsa varasa sudhI - grIka leke jyAM jyAM gayA tyAM temaNe pitAnuM alaga ethensamAM tenI hakUmata rahI te daramyAna suMdara suMdara imArate. nagara rAjya ja sthApyuM. temanA nAnAM nAnAM prajAtaMtra jhAjhA banI hatI mahAna kalAkAro ane tatvacitake tyAM vasatA kALa naTakayAM ane moTA rAjyamAM samAI gayAM. chatAMya e hatA. sekreTIsa jevA philasUpha paNa grIka prajAmAM thaI gayA hatA. vaLI pleTo jevA rAjya ane zAsananAM jANakAro paNa badhA nagara rAjyane eka sUtre sAMkaLI rAkhanAra ghaNI samAnatAo paNa hatI. temanI bhASA eka hatI. saMskRti eka grIka prajAmAM hatA. ane erisToTala jevA vijJAna zAstrIo hatI. ane dharma paNa eka hatuM. temane e dharma aneka deva paNa grIka prajAnAM ja ratna hatA. ke jemane ziSya mahAna devIone mAnatA hatA. ane temanI purANa kathAo hiMdu sikaMdara thaI gaye. onI prAcIna purANa kathAo jevI suMdara ane vaividhyabharI Ama jotAM grIka prajA eka mahAna ane zreSTha prajA hatI. teo sau daryanAM pUjArI hatA temaNe banAvelI Arasa che ke jeNe Aja duniyAne ghaNuM ghaNuM vArasAmAM Apela che. ane paththaranI gheADIka mUrtio Aje paNa mojUda che. e mUrtinuM sauMdarya addabhUta che. te zarIrane taMdurasta tathA cInI prajA suMdara banAvavAnuM. pasaMda karatAM ane te mATe ramate ane hariphAIo yojanA grIsamAM olimpasa nAmanA sthaLe vakhate eziyana mahAprajAomAM cInI prajA ati prAcIna prajA vakhata meTA pAyA upara A ramata thatI. ane tyAM AgaLa che. daMta kathA pramANe cInamAM suvarNamaya athavA kharekharI samagra grIsanA leke ekaThA thatA Aje paNa ramAtI eli jAhojalAlIno vakhata IsukhristanA janmathI 300 varSa mpika ramate viSe ApaNe badhA pUrNa mAhitagAra chIe. agAu hatuM. paraMtu cInane prAcIna sudhAro Isu khristanAM arthAta ApaNe kahI zakIe ke grIka prajAjane olimpika janmathI 1000 varSathI vadhAre nathI. te jamAnAmAM cIna ramatanAM prathama sarjaka hatA. Ama grIsanAM nagara rAjya eka madhya rAjya" e nAmathI prasiddha hatuM. viSuvavRtathI uttare bIjAthI aLagAM rahetA. temanI ramatone prasaMge e badhAM 30 thI 40 e be akSesa vacce te AveluM che AvA AkAekatra thatAM ane te sivAya vAraMvAra paraspara laDyAM karatAM. 'hatusaMkhyAba che nAnA, mATI mahatvavALA ane binaAma chatAM bahArathI moTuM jokhama AvI paDe tyAre temano maravALA bhAga thaI gayA hatA ane te dareka TukaDAmAM tene sAmano karavAne teo ekatra thatA A jokhama te IrAnanI je amAra rAjya calAvatA ane zahenazAhane nimakahalAla zrIsa paranI caDAI chIka prajA upara tyAMnA hiraDeTasa nAmanA eka rahevAnA sogana tenI samakSa lete. grIka itihAsakAre sAro evo prakAza pheka che. teNe nagara grIkanAM jyAre te samayanA kAyadA ane rAjya vyavasthA evI rAjya ane jene grIka leke darAyasa nAmathI oLakhatA hatA te hatI ke lekane potAnI vastuo vaheMcavA mATe vastu samrATanAM amalanAM sAmrAjya viSe lakhyuM che ke grIka prajA vinimayanI prathA hatI. loko dhIme dhIme keDIone nANAM saMgaThana ane vyavasthAnI draSTie mahAna hatI ane tethI ja tarIke upayoga karatA pachIthI chApelA rezamanA ke sutaranAM eziyA mAInarathI TheTha siMdhu nadInAM kAMThA sudhI vistarelI kaTakA, haraNanAM cAmaDAnAM kaTakA, pachI tAMbAnI goLa cakatI. 4 thatA aphaDeTasa nAkanAM Jain Education Intemational

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smRti sauMdarbha pratha temAM vacce kANuM pADava mAM Avatu temAM sikkA pa lAgatA tene ALakhanAra vidvAna nI pheka' kahetAM ane nANAne nAIsa ane 'TrAujha' e nAmathI eLakhAtuM tee.e laMbAi ane paheALA inA mApa mATe eka sarakhA bAjarAnA kAneA upayega karelA je kaNA daza daza eka ekane cheDe lagADatA eka tasu thatA. ane daza namunA ekapAda (ka) te dardI kuTanA maMtra cA mAlanI jakAta ane vere! A tamAM leke svataMtra hatA sava mAnya sUtra hatuM ke tasue tasu jamInane mAlika rAjA hatA. je vAre bhare tyAM sudhI jamIna maLatI. razAsana javAma dArA vinAnuM niraMkuza rAjasattA hatI. anziyasa' nAmanA tattvavettA kahe che ke rAjazAsanamAM prajAnuM sthAna mukhya ane tyAra pachI devAnu sthAna hatuM. tenI rAjagADhI upara meTA meTA vaMzanA rAjA thaI gayA jene vaza pramANe svataMtra dhArA hatA. kahevAya che ke "miga'vazanA kAyadA sakhta hatA. zikSAmAM niMdAyanA hatI. kapALamAM DAma hinduenI peThe teo bhUtayAnamAM mAne che te bhUtA sArA ane naDArA nahArA bhUtA bihAmaNA hAya che. je aMdhArAmAM rahe che je kamanasIbeAnI rAha jue che. vaLI cInAe sAmAnya jIvanamAM bhaviSya vANI ane joSa jovA vhevaDAvavA vageremAM khUba mAne che. navugaza zerImAmAM dukAna mAMDI hUse che. sAhisaka loko paNa AnI salAha le che. bhaviSyavettA ciThThI nAMkhe che. bauddha devaLamAM paNa A loka 1 devA nAka, paga ke bIjo kega kApI nAkhavA dehAMta sadAya che. vaLI cInAonA pUrvajonAM kabastAnanI vAta karavA vagere hatA. tyAM rIbAvIne mAravAnI prathA hatI. zahenazADunA tyAM pUrvajonI pUrjAne rivAja che. ra kha saMpati mATe mAMsa mA vakhate prajA kaDaka zeka pADatI. se divasa sudhI havAnAM balidAna apAya te sukSma ane sthUla zarIramAM se! mata na thavI, eka varasa sudhI zrama mAM lagna thatAM mAne teo dhArmika kAryamAM pAchalAno upayoga kare. mUrti pA te ja nATakazALA paNa ekatarata baMdha rahetI. tevA dhadhA dArIone jIvavA mATe navA zahenazAhu sAmAnya rasoDAmAM teone jamADato zrItanA phojadArI kAyadAnAM mAnA nikAla jaLamAM athavA agnimAM karavAMnI manA hatI, chatAM paNa bauddha sAdhuone anisakAraja thAya che. temanA paththArlR mATe pAkSIbhASAnA jana gavAtA. cInamAM amaladArone pagAra na pAse kRtInI thALImAM kAro jamavAmAM bAve. sAla jayAba thAya. zrI AkAranuM lAkaDuM hoya tene cheDe sImAnI lekhanuM beselI hAya tenAthI zabdanAM citrA pArDa vagere, maLatA nAnA udharAvanArA loko peAtAnI hiMmata pramANe bhAga rAkhIne bAkIne amaladArane sApe je vizerImAM bhare temAM mAtra uparI amaladAra nA saneya jovAno ke 8 tyAM InA ghaNA vAMdagI che chatAM bhArapUrvaka kahevAya. teeka dhArmika nathI, jUnA samayathI IzvaranAM tattvane svIkAratA AvyA che hAlatAcInamAM baudhdha dharmAM je vyApelA che. jIva namAM dharanI daramyAnagIrInI apekSA hotI nathI sudhI harakei cInA devAnI jhAjhI paravA karatA nathI. paraMtu mAMDI ke paisAnI mAMya pAse doDayA ya che, upAsya deva pAse pa dIpa thAya ke baudhdha sAdhu teo priya nathI. guDAvelAcAlunI teo mazkI kare, tyAM navI dizA lenArane sAMmULa upara carama thatI caLagAvI DAma pI. maiyArInuM prANapatra ApavAmAM Ave. cIna kavi ane kalAkAro upara budhdhanI sArI asara hatI. te dharmanAM vALu karavA lakhyu hatu ke, "are e pavitra zraddhA meM jo tArA prabhAva jANyA to suvahunA para mane AzA tarIke kAmamAM AvyA. Zia" 201 cIna sAdhanA pustakomAM 'tAe ' zabda bahu jovA maLe che, cInamAM vadhu mAM cAle che. konphayuziasa bauddha ane tAe cInamAM ' lAujhA ' nAmane mANusa thayeA hateA lAuDDAnA artha juneAtatva vettA thAya che. te mAnate ke " AchA bhaNatarathI jagatamAM vadhAre lAbha che. tenAthI uccA ane cAranI saMkhyA ghaTe che. tenA upadezamAM eka zabda Ave che. te hue che teno artha mArga ke rasta thAya. cInanA zahenazAha caranAputra' kahevAya. darava dinanA svarga nAM devaLamAM ThAThamAMthI jAya. cA pUjana aya na thAya. devaLanI upara goLAkAra bhUrA naLiyAnuM chAparU hAya tyAM zahenazAha bese. izvara sAthe vAtacIta kare. pAchalA varSoMnAM hiMsA ane majUranA majUra mATe vinati kare cInanA tI tapAsattA evu nAma paDe ke ipara taraphathI LA zahana zA upara kAgaLA AvatA hatA. cInAone janAvarono ane khAsa karIne pakSIonA zAkha janAvarA upara ghAtakIpaNu gujAryonAM manAva mAchA ane tevA kAyadA paNu nahI'. cInanA naiRtya khUNAmAM cittA rIMcha, hAthI, geMDA, najare paDe loMkaDI ane varU paNa bahu kharA. cInAomAM paNa devI chokarAo pratyenI bhAvanA putrathI vavRdhdhi thAya tenA upara bApa zAka laDAvavA gheTA thAya putrIe upara tiraskAra nI bhAvanA karIenA janma vakhateja nikAla karI nAkhatA. tethI tyAM evI mAnyatA hatI ke jenA gharamAM pAMca kanyAe ya ya cAranI jarUra nathI chekarIne aDhI hajAra teAlabhAra sAnu evuM nAma Apyu che. tyAM strIone chUTA cheDA bhApavAnA rivAja kharA tenA kAraNo mAM strI vadhyA vyabhicAriNI sAsusasarAnI sevA na karanAra nA ke kuthalI karanAra DaMkhI vagere hatA. tyAM pAkI uMmaranI strIe kuTuMbamAM sattA bhegave vidhavA vivAhanA tyAM niSedha che

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 cInI strIone paga kRtrima rIte nAnA banAvavAmAM cInAonuM Ayurveda sAhitya rAkSasI jaththAvALuM Ave che tethI tenA pagane "senAnA kamaLa" kahevAya che. mAnyuM che. kAraNake vaidu game ne mANasa karI zake te rivAja che. A strIo potAnA paga ughADA rAkhI gAmamAM phare katAne dhaMdhe zreSTha gaNAya che. paNa zastrakriyAne upAsaka maLI AvatA kanyAo joDAM ke meja paNa napahere cInAo mAthe ceTalI rAkhe nathI. kAraNake temAM kephayudaya dharmanI asara hatI ke mAthuM vaccethI muMDAvI pAchaLanA vALa lAMbA rAkhe A rivAja zarIramAM koI paNa jAtanI daramyAnagIrI thavA devAmAM nArAja mAnyuM ke e dAkhala karela. hoya che mA bApe Apela zarIrathI ja potAnA pUrva je pAse sAhitya ane vidyA e be viSaya upara cInAone javuM joie. evI temanI mAnyatA chatAM paNa I. sa. pUrve bIjA tamAma viSaye karatAM vadhAre pUjyabhAva che. cInAone pAMcamA saikAmAM asAdhAraNa zakita vALa vaidha thaI gayo. daradInAM AMtaraDAmAM zuM che te zarIra bolyA vinA jANavAno vyApArane tathA kaLAne zekha che, laDAI temane bIlakula rucatI " nahIM. tatvajJAnI menziyasa kahI gayuM che ke pavitra athavA zakita tenAmAM hatI. nyAyI laDAI jevI kazI vastu che ja nahi.' paraMtu lazkarI cInAo aneka prakAranI ramata ramatA temAM "De. Aga zAstrano kharo upaga thoDA samayathI zarU thayA che. evo >> nAmanI ramata panyAta teo zokha mAM che cInAoe pitAnA bALakane Aja sudhI lazkarI tAlIma khubaja gamatA dareka amaladAra puSpane pitAnA Tebala upara ApI ja nathI. ane parApUrvathI cAlyA AvelA sAhitya nA rAkho. teonI nATaka zALAmAM cahA ane tamAku pItAM abhyAsa karela. harIphAInI moTI parIkSA pasAra thAya ane sArI ane AnaMdI mAhitI meLavatA teonA prahasananA rAjyamAM caDhate hoddo meLave te khAtAmAM pramANikatA ane hasAmaNa prayogathI Anada thAya. cInanA nATakamAM strIne veza sakhtAI vadhAre. ane te evI ke ekI sAthe dasathI bAra paNa puruSa bhajave. temAM rIta rivAja pramANenA strIonA hajAra parIkSAthIone eka sAMkaDA maMDapamAM traNa divasa sudhI paganAnA banAvavAnI jhINI bAbatamAM paNa teo taiyAra hatA. gaMdhI mUke. saMge vazAta temAMthI koI maraNa pAme to tenA nATakanA prasaMge mAM maraNane prasaMga Ave to leke uDIne zabane divAla upara caDhAvI rAkhavAmAM Ave. parIkSaka ke cAlavA mAMDe. adhyakSanI paNa tevI ja sthiti thAya. A rIte ApaNe zuM ke cInAonI saMskRti aticInAonI citrakaLA jyAre yuropIya citrakAra pachI prAcIna ane ati vistRta che. ATalI saMskRti anya prajAlaI amuka jAtanA kapaDA upara potAnI zakita ajamAvavAno onI bhAgye ja haze. cInAonA pratyeka viSe lakhavA mAMDIe prayatna AraMbhyo haze tenA karatAM ghaNA saikA agAu cInAo te pustako bharAya A prajAe duniyAne ghaNuM ghaNuM ApyuM hiMdunI peThe te vize yamAM ustAda banyA hatA tenI khAtrI che. temAM chApavAnI kaLA, pANI kADhavAnA peDAM paMpamApaka e che ke cothA--pAMcamAM saikAnA citrakAranAM citro hAla briTiza yaMtravALI gADIo, hAthIdAMtanA katarelA geLA, ratha, tapa saMgraha sthAmAM AvelA che. sUga vaMzanI jAhojalAlI jevuM 13mA saikAnuM hathiyAra jasatanA bIbAnA pUtaLA, rezama, nA vakhatanA kavi ane citrakAra thaI gayA je kavi vaDajhavarthanI cInAI rakAbI pyAlA, vagerenI banAvaTanI vastuo jagatane mAphaka kudaratI viSayanA citra dorate teo gaMbhIra prakRtinA ApI che. teonI pragatino ApaNane atyAre purepuro svarUponuM mAnasika dazya parvata pANInA dhodha, barUnA jhADanI khyAla Ave che. ku, vagere dekhAve cItare. vaLI cInA onA kAvya ane citramAM kharekharA dRzya karatAM sUcana vadhAre hoya che jenAthI A be prajA rakAra petAnI zakitane upayeAga karI dekhAtI nyUnatA pUrI aAonA arabastAnanA nakazA tarapha najara karazuM to karI levI paDeja. tethI cInamAM sAhitya ane kaLA vacceno - tenI pazcime mIsara, uttare sIriyA ane irAka, tenI saheja saMbaMdha ghaNo ja nikaTa ane gADha che. cInamAM ekacitra kAre pUrva bAjue IrAna che. jarA vAyavya khUNAmAM eziyA mAImALe cItaryo hato. ane tene nadIne kAMThe laTakAvyuM hatuM. te nara ane kesTATinopala che. zrIsa tyAMthI bahu dUra nathI ane e hatuM ke te je jaLabilADI nAmanA pakSIo 2TcI karatAM temAM besavA saMkhyAbaMdha doDI AvyA hatA. vaLI bIjI bAju najIka samudranI pelI pAla hiMdustAna che. eTale ke cIna ane dara pUrvanA mulaka cheDI daIe te arabastAna bIjAe sutaranA lugaDA upara karacalInuM citra pADyuM hatuM ke prAcIna saMskRtionI vaccovaca AveluM hatuM. jANe hamaNuja bebIne gherathI ghaDI pADI lAvyuM hoya. trIjAe Abehuba khilADI cItarelI je joI ne uMdare nAsI jatAM. arabastAnanA Araba vepArI ane pravAsI hatA. jyAre eka citrakAre dakSiNa dizA mAMthI AvatA pavananAM evA tyAMnA nAvike ane vepArIo pRthvInA dUra dUra bhAgamAM jatA citre kADhayAM hatAM ke te joI lekane ThaMDI ane garamI lAgatI hatA temAM khAsa karIne mIsaramAM elekajhAMDiyA, sIriyAmAM hoya evuM thatuM damAgna. eziyAmAM enTika jevA nagaro astitvamAM Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 673 hovAne lIdhe teo tyAM vepAra arthe jatA AvatA. te zakita ke vicAra jagADanAra ane Atma vizvAsa utpanna samayamAM arabastAnanI AsapAsanA dezanI saMskRti uMcI karanAra te islAma hatuM. ane tenA pravartaka mahaMmada pegambara kakSAmAM vikasita na hatI. 570 mAM arabastAnamAM janmyA hatA. temane makakAnA ke arabastAnane mulaka raNane che. ane raNa tathA pahA ala amIna" eTale ke vizvAsapAtra kahetA. temanA makakA DomAM haMmezAM khaDatala loko pAke che. temane potAnI svataMtratA mAnA pravAsane arabI bhASAmAM" hijarata" kahevAmAM Ave atizaya vahAlI hoya che ane sahelAIthI temane harAvI che. ane te ja hijarata dvArA 622 nI sAla thI musalamAnone zakAtI nathI. vaLI arabastAna bahu samRddha ke rasALa deza hijarata savaMta zarU thayo che te cAMd savaMta che ane tenI na hete ane vijetA ane sAmrAjya vAdIone AkarSe ra che caMdranI gati uparathI gaNatarI thAya che. te saura varasa karatAM evuM tyAM kazuM na hatuM. temAM mAtra makkA ane ethIba e 'ci cha divasa TuMku che. jene lIdhe temanA mahinAo eka be ja nAnakaDAM zahero hatAM. ane bane dariyA kinAre AvelAM trastuomAM AvatA nathI. tene hijarata bAda yuthIba zahere hatAM. e dezanA meTA bhAganA leke "baMdu" eTale ke mahuM madane vadhA che ke mahaMmadane vadhAvI lIdhA ane tenA AgamananAM mAnamAM tenuM raNamAM vasanArA' hatA jhaDapI U'Ta ane suMdara ghoDA temanA nAma ' maDhInata-una-nabI " eTale nabInuM zahera jenuM TUMka kAyamanA sAthI hatA. pitAnI Azcarya kAraka sahanazIlatAne nAma madInA rAkhavAmAM AvyuM madInAnA lekane" ansAra " kAraNe gadheDuM paNa temanuM kiMmatI ane vaphAdAra mitra gaNAtuM eTale ke madadagAra kahevAya che. je madadagAranAM vaMzajo A hatuM. gadheDA sAthe keInI sarakhAmaNI tyAM bIjA dezonI khitAba mATe Aje paNa magarUra che. mAphaka niMdAsUcaka nahi paNa prazaMsArUpa lekhAtI kema ke raNanA mulakamAM jIvana atizaya kaThaNa hoya che. ane bIjI jagyAo- 632nI sAlamAM mahaMmada pegambaranA maraNa bAda temanA ne mukAbale tyAM AgaLa kauvata ane sahanazIlatA e vadhAre kuTuMbI abubakara khalIphA thayA A khalIphAnA vArasanI nimaNuMka kiMmatI guNa lekhAya che. karavA jAhera sabhAmAM sAmAnya saMmatithI cUMTaNI thatI. Aja A raNavAsI Arabalake magarUra, lAgaNI pradhAna ane abubakara ane umara mahApurUSoe islAmanI mahattAne pAye kajiyAkhora hoya che. teo kuTuMba ane kuLa bAMdhIne rahetAM nAMkhe khalIphA dharmanAM vaDA ane gurU hatA. ane ThATha mATha ane bIjAM kuTuMbo tathA kuLe sAthe laDayA karatA. paraMtu tathA ezaArAmathI teo AgaLa rahyA teo amIne Thapako ApatA ane sajA paNa karatA. evI mAnyatA hatI ke varasamAM eka vakhata teo badhA ApasamAM suleha karatA ane sAdAI ane khaDatala jIvana upara ja temanA sAmarthyane AdhAra makkAnI yAtrAe jatA. makkAmAM temanA aneka devanI mUrtio che. Aja mAnyatAnA AdhAre Araba prajA vijaya meLavatA hatI. paraMtu eka moTA kALA paththaranI teo vizeSa karIne AgaLa vadhI ghaNI vakhata teone laDAI vagara paNa vijaya maLata. pUjA karatA. tenuM nAma "kAbA hatuM. ane IrAna, sIriyA, AmInIyA, madhya eziyA, mIsara vagere Araba leke kuTuMba ke kuLanA vaDIlanI AgevAnI jItI lIdhAM Araba prajA bAbatamAM evuM manAya che ke teoe nIce gopajIvana gALatA A raNamAM vasatI gopajIvana gALatI elekajhAM drayAnuM jagamazahUra pustakAlaya bALI mUkayuM. paraMtu kharejAtio ne jItavI ke temanA upara hakUmata calAvavIe khara e satya nathI. Araba prajA pustakanA eTalA badhA rasiyA ramatavAta nahotI Araba prajanA vahANe vepAra mATe hatA ke te evuM jaMgalI kAma na kare. vaLI Arabo ItidUra dezAvara jatAM hatAM jethI arabastAnanI sthiti jevI ne hAsakAra paNa hatA temanAM ja pustakamAMthI ApaNe temane viSe tevI ja rahI hatI, paraMtu temanA upara khristI dharma nI asara ghaNuM kharuM jANI zakIe vaLI teo keTalAka suMdara vArtAo thaI te keTalAka Araba khristI banyA. keTalAka yahudI ba yA. ane romAMcaka kathAo lakhI zakatA te ApaNe sau jANIe paraMtu moTA bhAganA Arabe te makAna 360 bute ane chIe jemAM erebiyana nAITasa prakhyAta che. tathA aphalAyelA kAbAnA pUjaka hatA. valayalA" eTale ke "eka hajAra eka rAtrimAM jenuM khyAna karyuM A jAti anyatra banatA banAvathI aLagI rahI hatI che. evI rahasya maya prema kissAonA bagadAda za dara viSe ane jamAnA mAMthI suSupti maya jIvana gALatI AvI hatI te kaI ajANa nathI. jyAM saMkhyA baMdha mahelAta, sarakArI kacerIo Araba prajA ekA eka jAgrata thaIne samagra duniyAne parakAMpa zALAo, kaleje, meTI moTI dukAne, bAga bagIcA vagere karI mUke ane cAlatI AvelI vyavasthAne uthalAvI nAkhe evuM hatA. tyAMnA vepArIono pUrva pazcimanA dezomAM bahoLe bhAre sAmarthya dAkhave e ati AzcaryakAraka ghaTanA che.A Araba vepAra hatuM tyAMnA amaladAro sAmrAjyanAM dUra dUranAM bhAgo lokenI kathA temaja teo je jhaDapathI eziyA, yuropa ane sAthe niraMtara saMparka rahe. TapAlanI vyavasthA khUNe khUNAnI AphrikAmAM pharI vaLyA tathA temaNe ucca keTInI je saMskRti sAthe saMkaLAyelI hatI. tyAM ispitAle sArI saMkhyA mAM ane sudhAro khIlavyAM e hakIkta itihAsanI aneka ajAyabI hatAM duniyAbharanAM pravAsIo ane khAsa karIne paMDita, omAMnI eka che. A Araba lekene navA khyAla, navI kalAkAra, ane vidyAthIe bagadAda zaheramAM AvatA kAraNa ke Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhA-2 khalIkAo vidvAne temaja kuzaLa kalAkAronuM sanmAna gaNita temaja Ayurveda vagere keTalAka viSaye teo bhAta karatA. AvA A pustakanA bALanAra kadI na saMbhavI zake pAsethI zIkhyA hatA. hiMdanA saMkhyA baMdha vidvAne ane gaNita zAstrI o bagadAda jatA ane keTalAye Araba vidyAthI vakhata jatAM Araba sAmrAjyanA bhAgalA paDI gayA. temAMnA vaDAo amIrUla mominIna eTale ke ImAnadAronAM e uttara hiMdamAM takSazilAnI vidyApIThamAM AvatA hatA. vaidika ane bIjA viSayenAM saMskRta pustakane arabI bhASAmAM agraNI rahyA na hatA. teomAM pahADane DagAvanAra ane anuvAda karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. Araba leka ghaNuM varatu dAvAnaLanAM jevI dhagaza rahI nahotI. kAraNa ke rAmAM vasanAra dAkhalA tarIke kAgaLa banAvavAnuM cIna pAsethI zIkhyA hatA. Araba mahelemAM rahetA hatA ane khajUrane badale bhAta paraMtu bIjA leke pAsethI meLavelA jJAnane AdhAre temaNe bhAtanAM pakavAna ArogatA hatA. bhapake ane ThAThamAThanI te viSayamAM AgaLa saMzodhana karyuM ane temAM mahatvanI bAbatamAM anya sAmrAjyane AMTavA lAgyA. temanI ghaNI zodha karI. temaNe pahela vaheluM durabIna banAvyuM. ane kuprathAo temaNe apanAvI te strIo bAbatamAM hatI Ara. bonI strIo kadI paNa paDade rAkhatI nahotI tene ekAMtamAM hokAyaMtra paNa banAvyuM. cikitsAnI bAbatamAM Araba tabIbo ane zastra zaidya yuropabharamAM prakhyAta hatA. bagadAda A badhI saMtADI rAkhavAmAM paNa nahotI AvatI. te chUTathI bahAra baudhika pravRtionuM moTuM kendra hatuM. kere, basarA ane haratI pharatI majIda ke vyAkhyAnamAM jatI. ane kaI kaI kUphA vidyAnAM mathaka hatA. eka Araba itihAsakAra tene viSe vAra pite vyAkhyAna paNa ApatI. paraMtu vakhata jatAM teo lakhe che ke "te islAmanI rAjadhAnI, IrAkanI AMkha sAmrAjyanuM remana ane IrAnanAM sAmrAjyane rIta rIvAjonuM anukaraNa kendra ane sauMdarya, kaLA tathA saMskRtinuM dhAma che. karavA lAgyA ane kensTATinopala ane IrAnanI asarane Ama Araba prajAe purANI hiMdI Arya saMskRtimAMthI lIdhe strIone ekAMtamAM aLagI rAkhavAno rivAja dAkhala thayo. strI purano meLApa samAjamAM ocho thato gaye. ane ghaNuM apanAvyuM. IrAnanI saMskRtimAMthI ghaNuM grahaNa karyuM grIka saMskRtine paNa lAbha uThAvyo. bhara yauvananA mavALI kaI strIone paDade rAkho. musalamAnI samAjanA eka aMgarUpa navI jAtInA jevI Araba lekanI leke sthiti hatI. banI gayo. ane jyAre musalamAna hiMdustAnamAM AvyA AsapAsanI badhI prAcIna saMskRtio mAMthI temaNe phAyado pachI bhAratIya prajAmAM paNa A kurivAja vizeSa pramANamAM CThAvyo ane zIkhavA jevuM badhuM zIkhI lIdhuM. ane enA phelAvyo bhAratIya prajAnI vadhAre paDatI paDadAnI ane ghUghaTanI pAyA upara temaNe potAnI seresana saMskRti nirmANa karI. prathA A musalamAna prajAnI dena che. bhAratanI Arya prajA ke ane pitAnA saMzodhanAtmaka svabhAva dvArA navI navI vastuanAryonI strIe kadI paDadAmAM rahI nahotI. A paDadAnI enI jagatane bheTa ApI. iralAmanA navA dharmono vikAsa prathA uparAMta hAthe ke page mejAM paheravAno cAla bagadAdanA karavAmAM agatyano bhAga bhajavyo Aje ApaNAmAM pracalita dhAnikamAM pahelA vahelo zarU thayo hato. tene loko majhA so cUhe mArakara billI haja calI" jevI kahevato vagere kahetAM je hAla hindustAnanI bhASAmAM utarI AvyuM che. eja rIte pheMca bhASAno "semIjha" zabda arabI 'kamIjha' Aja Araba prajA dvArA jagatane aneka vastuo saMskRti rUpe prApta thayelI che. e enI sthApAyanI pAchaLa arabastAna zabda uparathI Avyo che jene ApaNe khamIsa kahIe chIe. ane sIrIyAnI suMdara khajurIonI kalpanA rahelI che. enI bhAratamAM ArabonAM saMskRti phelAvanArA Araba mAMne hyuena kamAne, thAMbhalA, mi ane dhummaTa joIne khajUrInI vADInI tyAMganI "alaberU" nAmane senApati erebiyana pravAsI kamAno ane dhummaTonuM, smaraNa thAya che. sAmra jaya nAra hatuM ke je potAnI saMskRtinA pravAsa varNana pitAnI pAchaLa ane dhanadelatane kAraNe AromAM jokha. vaibhavavilA , bhAratamAM mUkI gayo che. dAkhala thayA. tene pariNAme vilAsanI ramata ane kaLAo khIlI. Arabo gheDA deDanI zaratanA bhAre rasiyA hatA. tema prAcIna kALamAM mIsara athavA cIna ke bhAratamAM ja pile ane zetaraMja ramavAnA zikAra khelavAnA zokhIna ApaNane vaijJAnika paddhatti jovA maLatI nathI paraMtu Araba hatA. saMgIta ane khAsa karIne gAyanano temane ajaba zekha lekamAM zodhakhoLa karavAnI e vaijJAnika bhAvanA hatI. ethI hatuM. tethI pATanagara gavaiyAnI maMDaLIothI bharacaka rahetuM. karIne Arabone Adhunika vijJAnanA janaka gaNI zakAya. AvA aneka prakAranAM guNa dharAvanArI hatI Araba prajA. pradhAganA eka page ane tene leke Jain Education Intemational

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agni eziyA para bhAratIya saMskRtino prabhAva TvedamAMthI pratita thAya che ke 1ra paNa kahevAya che. ApaNe ApaNI jAte A kahevaDAvI hatI vicA, me te pazcimacA caNa temaja zrI puSkarabhAi gokANuM mANu haLImaLIne rahe tyAre tenuM samuha jIvana eka kAspIana samudra AsapAsathI sthALatara karI ayarAnaIrAna viziSTa prakAranI raheNI karaNI, vyavahAra, Adarza ane AvI vasyA hatA. tyAMthI eka zAkhA aphaghAnIstAna ( udavyavarathAnI nIti keLave che. temAM te samAjane bhUtakALa ane yana) thaIne saptasiMdhunA pradezamAM AvIne saMgharSa karIne tyAM bhaugolIka sthiti bahu moTo bhAga bhajave che. Ama eka vasI siMdhunA mIThAjaLe tene khetInI anukuLatA ApI eTale samAja racAya che. te samAjanA dhAraNa-paSaNa mATe vaNa dhIme dhIme te bhAratamAM phelAyA. gaMgAyamunAnA phaLadrupa lakhyuM darzana e enI saMskRti kahI zakAya. pradeza AsapAsa ane viMdhyArathInI nIce paNa agatsyanI AgevAnI heThaLa jalayAtrA karI dakSiNa bhAratamAM gayA. tyAre A saMskRti je pravAhita na hoya to tene nAza thAya dakSiNa bhArata eka TApu hatuM ane rAjasthAnanA raNathI uttara che. eTale mitha, sumerIana, mana, grIka vagere saMskRtio | AryAvarta tathA brAhmAvartathI chUTo paDato have temAM vAnara prajA nAza pAmI paNa bhAratIya saMskRti prAcIna kALathI jaLavAI rahetI (BANARS) emane lemuriyana paNa kahevAya che. rahI che kAraNa ke te pravAhita che. sarvane samAvI lenArI che. ApaNe ApaNI jAte A kahevaDAvIe chIe. Aya zemAM samudra ha. (maMDaLa 10.7pamI trAcA). zabda ar dhAtu uparathI Avyo che. aruM eTale kheDavuM, jyAM khetI thaI zake evI zakayatAo maLI tyAM Aryo gayA. zrI Ama Arya prajA bhArata AvI te pahelAM ja teNe tilaka kare che ke A u. dhava najIkanA pradezamAMthI AvyA pitAnI saMskRti cAre tarapha phelAvI hatI enA kAraNo jarA che tyAMthI u. ezIyA skenDIneviyA, madhyaezIA, kApIana jhINavaTathI anya prAcIna saMskRti ene nA itihAsane samudra AsapAsa thaI. IrAna thai samudra te pazcima bhAratamAM tapAsIzu te maLI Avaze sarvamAnya itihAsa vido kahe che ane jamIna para sapta siMdhunAM pradezanAM Aryo AvyA ke prAcIna kALamAM AphrikA, eziyA, pesiphika TApuo ane madhya temaja dakSiNa amerikAmAM helie lithika saMskRti hoya tema jaNAya che. lithunIAnI nadIonA nAma Topineman1- srobati , narbudey ApaNI tApI, yamunA phelA elI hatI. e saMskRtinA mukhya lakSaNo mAM 1 sUrya sarasvatI ke narmadA sAthe pure purUM sAmya dharAve che. aMgrejo pUjA 2 pattharonAM vizALa maMdire 3 agni pUjA 4 narabali IglenDamAMthI amerIkAmAM vasyA tyAre teNe jema pitAnI pitR prathA vagere hatA. AryomAM narabalinI prathA vizvA mitranA bhUmi IglenDanA zahero ane gAmaDAnA nAme amerIkAmAM samayathI nabaLI paDI. te pahelAM vyApaka hatI jo ke cheka nyu IglenDa, yuke bosTana vagere nAme vasAhate sthApI Adya zaMkarAcAryanA samaya mAM aghorIo dvArA teno pracAra ane Daca lekee pitAnAM prAcIna ugama sthAna lijInIAnA khUba hate. padmapAdA..cAye agherIno vadha na karyo hota te nAmo bhAratamAM bhaugolika amerIkAmAM nyu emasTara Dema vagere kadAca zrI zaMkarAcArya narabalI tarIke caDI gayA hota te sthApyA. tema A e sthAnane ApyA. bhAratIya prajA sauthI itihAsa suvidita che. hasi vidita che prAcIna prajA che ane pahelAMnI sarva saMskRtio nadI kAMThe ja upara jaNAvela helio lithika saMskRti ApaNA vasI che. tema Aryo paNa nadI kAMThe vasyA ane tethI khAsa AryomAM hajue daDhatara che. sUrya pUjAmAMthI viSNupujA utarI karIne potAnI nadIonA uparokata prAcIna nAma ApyA. AvI. agni pUjAmAM homa havana yajJa yAgAdi vikasyA. A nadI kAMThe thatI vanaspatI; prANIo ane matsya naramA naraali prathAne badale pazubali ane keLAnAM balinI prathA kALabaLe thaI ane maMdiro e to ApaNI saMskRtinuM mukhya upara jyAre piSaNano AdhAra rAkhatA hatA tyAre temaNe jema ke jema vatI vadhatI gaI ane pradeze verAna thatAM cAlyA tema anya 14 ga te aMga banI gayuM. sthaLAMtara karyA karyuM eTale ja AryonI prAcIna vasAhatenA - have joie to mitranI prAtIna saMskRtimAM "rA' nAme jaLa thayA nathI paNa nadInA nAme rahyA che. dhIme dhIme nI vAryo pUja, pirAmIDA ane narabali prathA spaSTa jaNAya A khetI zIkhyA ane tethI Arya kahevAyA. te samaye teo 2, zatapatha brAhmaNa 1 nAIla kAMThe mizranI saMskRti, yuTIsa ane TAIjhIsano 3 ijiptamAM (rAjA) phArAe IkhanAtun nuM nAma suryavaMzI vacce ame ane saMskRti ane siMdhukAMThe prAcIna mohana ne daDe avaghAnA samrATa aphavA kune maLatuM Ave che." skisa"nuM siMha nI saMskRti e vikasI hatI. mAnavanuM zi95 ApaNA avatAra narasiMhanI pratikRti jevuM ja che. ane tethI khAsa AvI ane pUjAmAM hema ha LAnA balinI prathA Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 ka: 1. zIyA tarapha gayA. sumerI che. amerIkAmAnI prAcIna saMskRtio maya, InkA Tobeka, samaye vaselI pitAnI sahodara prajA sAthe tene saMgharSa na AjhaTeka, meca, kacuA vagerene abhyAsa karatAM tyAM paNa karavo paDe. anArya prajAnA sahayogamAM Aye khetI karatAM agni pUjA-pirAmIDa jevA maMdira, bali prathA, ane sUrya zIkhyA hatAM ayarAbUmAM temaja bhAratamAM AvyA pachI teone pUjA bahuja spaSTa dekhAya che. sumerIana maMdire (jhIgArata) nadI upara AdhAra rAkhavo paDato hato te khetI pathAthI e che paNa bahuja UMcA maMdira hatA. tene devomAM AkAzane thayA. ane teo AkhA e bhAratamAM phelAyA pitAnA vyadeva anuM--( tuphAnanI devI ane lIla, bhUminI devI ninTa ane vahAra, vidhi, niSedhane bhAratanI AdivAsI prajAne anurUpa piSaNanA devI enkImAM) sauthI baLavAna gaNAyA che, anu karyA ane temAM bhaLI gayA. teja sUrya. jyAre siMdhu saMskRtinA deva ziva rahyA che. tyArapachI AryAvarta upara halle lAvelA meMge, ema jaNAya che pRthvi upara je prajA vikasI ane bAbare, zaka, hA, paho Adine teNe bhAratamAM ja jyAM mAnava jIvI zake te pradezamAMthI dhIme dhIme te AkhI samAvI lIdhA eja bhAratIya saMskRtinI pravAhitatAno sacoTa dunIAmAM phelAyo tethI tenI saMskRtio nA mULa to purAve che. paNa bhArate saune samAvyA chatAM pitAnI AgavI ekaja rahyA. A kadAca te samayeja savizeSa saMskRta hatA, AryatA Aja sudhI cheDI nathI ane te AryatA mAnavatAe ane tenI asaramAMthI viAvamAM phelAelI prajAomAM tethI tenA dharmane paNa vizALa banAvyo temaja teNe veda sAme ghasAtAM ghasAtAM Arya saMskAro rahyA che. vaLI tyAre bhaugo vedAnta (upaniSada AraNyaka Adi ne svIkAryA anizvara lIka khaMDa ekameka sAthe lagabhaga jeDA elA jevA hatA vAdi sAMkhyayoga, nyAya vaiSezika, mimAMsA Adi dazanane mAkayanI kathA ane masyAvatAranI kathA emAM vaNa vAela paNa samAvyA tenA sArA tatvone saMvAryA eTaluM ja nahi mahApura- dharatI kaMpathI kadAca A khaMDe chUTA paDayA. paNa kAMIka bhinna evA jaina ane bauddha darzanane are cArvAka darzanane paNa teNe dharmamAM dharabAvI dIdhA che jaina ema jaNAya che ke AnI sAthenI prajAo vizvamAM AdinAtha aSabhadeva ane bauddha pravartaka gautama buddhane teNe tyAre phelAI temAM maya, TolTeka, AjhaTeka leke masIke 24 avatAramAM purU mahatva ApyuM che. gayA. namu ci pa InkA, yakSe perUmAM gayA. A sAthe rahelA AvA Aryo bhAratIya thayA chatAM tenI A pravAhitA kITa ane mizra tarapha gayA. viSNu Adi tripiTapa-tibeTa zAzvata rahI che. tethI teo bhAratamAMthI paradezamAM gayA. gayA. ane A nadI kAMThAnI upajathI peSaNa pAmatAM pAmatAM AkikAmAM jyAM rAvaNa ( ra'-sUrya )nA bhAI mAlI sumAlI madhyaezIAmA thaI IrAna thaI kAzmIra uparathI bhArata AvyA vasyA hatA tyAM paNa bhAratIye gayA che. AphrikAthI najIka hiMdI mahAsAgaramAM reziyasa, laMkA, InDonezIA malAyA bhAratamAM anAye ke jevoe pahelAM AryonI saMska kaDIo ane lAosa vagere sarva sthaLe teoe bhAratI tinA vAri pIdhAM hatAM paNa dhIme dhIme bhautikavAda tarapha yatAne prasArI che. ApaNe have agni eziyAmAM phelAelI jatAM temAM te saMskAra ghasAI gayA hatA ane nAgapUjA bhAratIya saMskRtine have vistArathI joIe. vAmAcAra vagere ja rahyA hatA. tenI sAthe Aryone saMgharSa thaye. vadhatI jatI Arya prajA sthira thavA mathatI hatI. brahmadeza :vadhAre pradeza (vasavA mATe) icchatI hatI jethI hAlanA kA - bodha jAtakamAM evA ghaNA ulekhe che ke te samaye spIana samudrathI IrAna, aphagAnIstAnanA pradezamAM te A suvarNabhUmi tarapha vaDANa mAge jatAM. brahmadezanuM 4 maya saMskRtinI purANa kathA emAM pAchaLathI mayadAnta asala nAma suvarNabhUmi, ne Adhunika nAma barmA. pAlI rAvaNa vagere mekasIkothI sthaLAMtara karI bhArata AvyA hatAM. graMthomAM tenuM nAma senaparAMta ApyuM che. tyAM evI mAnyatA 5 devA sura saMgrAmamAM eka datyanuM nAma nimuci hatuM--IndranuM che ke bhagavAna budhe emanA dezamAM vihAra kareluM. emanA vaja tene asara karatuM nahotuM tethI I tene phINa vaDe ma .. prathama zipa tapuSa ane babika brahmadeza nA hatA samrATa arthAta samudramAM nasADI mukyo azake (I.sa.pU.300 ) sena ane uttara nAmanA bauddha sAdhuone brahmadeza dharmapracAra arthe mokalyA hatA. uttaramAM 6 kAlpI ane samudra ane dAha kesvisa (kekesasa parvata) zAna, dakSiNa mAM mona ane madhyamAM bIleke pahelAM bannenuM nAma kAzyapa RSi uparathI paDayuM hoya tema mAnavAne kAraNe che. navAne kAraNe che. vasatA, temAM mauna te brahmadezanI AdiprajA gaNAya che. 7 eziyA mAInoramAM bagojha kAI nAme pradezamAMthI maLI dakSiNa bhAratamAMthI tailaMga mana prajAmAM AvIne I.sa,nA AvelA muddAo mAM mitra, varUNa anu. surya Indra Adi devanA pahelA saukAmAM bhaLI gayA te pahelAM tyAM tibeTamAMthI mona nAma ane patika maLI AvyA che. 8 mahAjanaka jAtaka ( jAtaka 539 ) - tibeTa zAzvata rahI che. tethI teo bhArata mAtA sumAlI 21 Jain Education Interational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 677 prajA AvIne vasI hatI ema jaNAya che, dakSiNa bhAratIo jAvA-sumAtrA-bAnIo ane hiMdIcIna vagere. tyAM vasyA tyAre tyAM zrIkSetra nuM rAjya hatuM ( hAla jyAM prema che.) dharma te tyAM baudhdha hatuM ane tene kAraNe agni eziAnA pradezonA nAma joIzuM te paNa bhAratIya AcAro te ghaNA samayathI tyAM hatAM. paNa dakSiNa bhAratIya saMskRti tyAM keTalI vyApI che te jaNAI Ave che. bhAratIo tyAM AvIne vasyA tyAre bhAratIya saMskRti vyApta 1. benio-varuNa Dhi5; 2. malAyA-malayadeza;1 hatI; joke sAcI bhAratIya saMskRti tyAM malAyA ane kaM 3. jAva yava dvipa; 4 sumAtrA-suvarNa dvipa 5; siMgApura-siMhaDIAnI prajAe phelAvI. brahmadeza sAthe upara jaNAvyuM tema pura; 6. siyAma zyAma (dvArAvatI) [jyAM sukhadaya (sutAI'; janakanA samayathI samudra ane bhUmi mAge bhAratIya lekIne adhyAH zaMbhupura; cAdharapuraamarendra nagara, vijaya; saMbaMdha hatA. bhagavAna budhane rAmayamAM te majabuta thayA pAMDuraMga vagere nagara hatA ] 7, AMdAmAna=Idyumnadvipa8 ane tyAM hinayAna zAkhAvALo bauddha dharma AvyuM. nikebAra=nakkA varam 9. viyeTanAma annAmacaMpA; 11. kaMbaDIA-kaMboja 11 bAlI bAlI. 12 selIbIsa-zUlaveSI. upara jaNAvela zrI kSetra vaiSNavAnuM rAjya hatuM tenI 13 TImora timura dvipa 14 sundA sTreITa-sudanI sAmudra sthApanAnI kathA bhAratIya saMskRtinA barmAnA ugama sAthe dhunI. 15. lAosa lavadeza. saMkaLAelI che. kapilavastunA rAjA abhirAja sainya sAthe bamanA uttara bhAgamAM utaryA ane IrAvadInI uttare nAge vieTanAma, lAosa, kaMbaDIA (hiMdIcIna, jAvA gamAM rAjya sthApyuM tenI 31 peDhI pachI baudha samayamAM sumAtrA ane benionA rAjavaMze vacce paraspara saMbaMdha kSatriyA AvyA, temanuM seLa peDhI rAjya cAlyuM. AgaLa hatA. evuM tyAMnA itihAsamAM spaSTa rIte maLI Ave che. vadhI teoe (preta) zrI kSetramAM rAjadhAnI sthApI. evI paNa A sAnA mULa purUnuM nAma kADinya hatuM evA ghaNA rilA lekakathAo tyAM maLe che ke ArAkAnamAM kAzInA vaMzajoe lekho 12 maLI AvyA che. A purUSanI je kathA maLI Ave rAjya sthApyuM hatuM. barmAmAM siyAmathI zAna prajA AvIne che tene cInanA prAcIna graMthomAM bahoLe ullekha che. kathA vasI hatI ane A traNe prajAo ekaja bhaugalIka enI e che paNa nAma cInI bhASA jevA lakhAyA che. cInanA vistAramAM traNa rAjya sthApI parasparamAM sImAM vadhAravA leke tyAre agni eziyAne "phUnAna" pradezanA nAme oLaprayatna karatAM laDatAM rahetAM te cheka briTiza e khatA I. sa. 250mAM kAMgatAI nAme musAphara cInathI hindI pitAnI kuTila nItithI brahmadezane kabaje karyuM tyAM sudhI te cIna AvyuM hatuM. teNe A rAjyonA eka saMbaMdha viSe emAM saMpa nahote. vizALa ulekha karyA che. tyAM kauDinya mATe hanatiena ane cInAo cena zuM nAma che. [ kIna (hana) + Dijo (tiena] viSNu uparathI visanu ane temAMthI prema ema nAma dakSiNanA brAhmaNomAM kauDinya gotra hatuM. tAMjoravAsI utarI AvyuM, je lAMbA samaya sudhI rAjadhAnI rahyuM. te pradezamAM kauDinya brAhmaNa viSe bIjI sadImAM eka purANuM tamila khedakAma karatAM vaiSNavamaMdira-mUtio ane palava lipimAM zilAlekho maLI AvyA che. tyAM dazAvatAranA bhIMta zilpa kAvyamAM varNana che. hiMdI cInamAM minamAM eka zilAlekha mULa pachInA samayane sAtamI sadIne maLI Avyo che, temAM paNa maLI AvyA che. silenathI bauddhadharmanI vyAptI thatAM paNa mULa pUrva ja kauDinya hatA ema jaNAvAyuM che. agni vauSNava dharma phakta brAhmaNa pAse rahyo. ane jyotiSa vidyA eziyAmAM je zilAlekha maLe che tenI bhASA palava bhASAne ane saMskRta bhASA paNa brAhmaNemAM rahI. paNa amIjha kenA purepurI maLatI Ave che. pahelAnI zailI ane nAme hAla AcAra vicAra vicAramAM vaiSNavadharma ane saMskRta bhASAnA paNa tyAM vyApta che pahelAnI prathA mujaba hiMdI cInanA ghaNA zabdo jaLavAI rahyA che. tyAMnA rAjAnA rAjyAbhiSeka vagere cheka hamaNA sudhI brAhmaNa vidhithI thatAM. cola, kaliMga rAjAomAM jayavarmana yazavamana mUlavarmana vagere nAmo che. ane zaizAlInA rAjakuLane tyAM arasaparasa lagna saMbaMdha 10 rAmAyaNamAM javAnuM spaSTa nAma darzAvyuM che. sItAjInI rahyo hate. khejamAM bahAra paDatAM vAnarone sugrIva kahe che. "yatnavantA yavadvapa sata rAjyapa zAbhi tam suvarNa saptakadvipa suvaNuM kara marDi 9. brahmadezamAM bhASAmAM saMskRta zanAM dejI-naMdajI, tama | badAmA- padmA. sArAvatI sarasvatI. cindha-siMha hAthAvadI-haMsAvatI 11 kathA saritsAgaramAM Ave che ke devasmitAne vara tAmra molamIna-rAmapura, paDAnTa paMDita, telaMga (vAsI)-taDhIvAna-dalA liti baMdarethI vahANa bharI malaya dezanA kahaTA baMdare gayA hatA. bAna (barmIjha, kausminamAMthI pasIna thayuM. brahmadezanA dakSiNa khaMDa upara talee 1200 varSa rAjya karyuM che. badhA AcAre AvI ja nedha te pradezamAM gayelA mInI musApharoe karI che. brahmIoe manu smRtimAMthI lIdhA che. 12. paradezamAM bhAratIya saMskRti Jain Education Intemational

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678 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 ke sukatAne AdhAre ja ujANa tathA cIna sarajA devavamenanA elacI , A palavAnI utpatti viSe evI kathA che ke karyo. evI rIte ( jAvA ) yava dvipamAM majajApahitanuM mahAazvatthAmAM putranI sAthe mada nAmanI apsarAthI je putra rAjya vistaryuM. kAjamAM sUrya vardhana ane yazovarmana thaele tene lIlI kuMpaLAnI chAbaDImAM saMtADele tethI te rAjAoe mAnava itihAsamAM apUrva evA apratima bhaya palava gaNAya. azvatthAmAM mahAbhAratamAM kalaMka pAmya maMdira bAMdhyA. bAlI ( balI viMga) aji sudhI bhAratIya eTale dakSiNa bhArata vacce hato tethI e palAe dakSiNamAM rahyo tevI purAtana rAjya prathA sacavAI. samagra pUrva ezIrAmya sthApyA hatA. Ama mahAbhArata kALathI agni- AmAM Ama vedanI RcAonA dhaniSa, sAma saMgIta ezIA sAthe bhAratIya saMbaMdha maLI Ave che. ane atharvanRtya nUpura guMjI uThayA. vizvakALanA ItihAsamAM Do. javAlAprasADha siMdhe jAvAnA rAjA devavarmananA elacI I. sa. 132 mAM prAcIna kathAone-masyapurANa ane anya purANa tathA cIna gaelA e uparathI e rAjya keTaluM purANuM haze te gavedanA keTalAka sukatAne AdhAre taka saMbaMdha rIte samajI zakAya che. cInI musApharI kAMgatAI nedhe che ke, " A agniezIA sAthe sAMkaLI che. devo ane dAna vacce suleDa bajAromAM pUrva ane pazcima maLe che, nagaramAM hajAra brAhmaNa thaI tyAre devagurU braDaspatio ane dAnavagurU zukrAcAryuM che. loko emano dharma mAne che." ( sane 250 ) cInI devadAnanI sAhasavRtti ane paurUSa nAzanapAme temATe eka graMthamAM nedha che ke " pAMcamI sadImAM tyAMthI jayavarmane saDakArI yAtrAnI yojanA karI, 13 ane te samuyamaMthana rAmudra- cInamAM dUta mokalyA hatA. A bhAratIya leke rAjya darabAramAM maMthananuM svapna te viyeTanAma ane inDoneziyAnA TApuo vacce mahatvanA sthAne bhegavatA. '' A paristhiti emane ema pradeza temAMthI Aryoe 14 rana meLavyA. paNa Ama bhautika nahotI sarjAI. pahelAM prAcIna bhAratIyae jala ane samadhi maLatAM ApasamAM yudhdha thayA ane naukAyAtrA visara sthala mAge tyAM sAhasa kheDI te bhUminA lekene bhArata nI gai. vedakALamAM A naukA sAhasanI gaya ane mahatva ciraMjIva amara saMskRtinA vAri vAyA hatA. jAvAmAM apAra karI samAyA. keTalAka rUDha AcAra vicAromAMthI bahAra AvI samRdhdhi hatI. agatrayamunIe samudrapAna karyuM, eTale ke samudra yAtrA karI. InDoneziA hajAre bhAratavAsIone laI teo prazAntanI pAra gayA hatA I tene pagale hajAro vasAhatIo bhAratamAMthI15 malAyA siMgApura hajAro TApuonA banelA A 6,36.50 corasa jAvA, sumAtrA, caMpA, zyAma vagere hiMdIcInanA pradeza ane mAIlanA (pazcima nyUginI sahita ) mAM dasa karoDanI vastI philIpInsamAM varayA. dakSiNa amerIkAmAM bhAratIya saMskRtinA che. prAcIna AryomAMthI utarI AvelI e prajA sivAya paNa prAcIna avaze cheka perUmAMthI maLe che te agatyanI sAthe Aje tyAM 20 lAkha hi dIo vase che. temAM mukhya TApuo, gayA haze Aja sudhI judA judA svarUpe A sarve pradeza agatya jevA, sumAtrA, kAlImAMtana (benie), sUlavelI selIbosa) pUjAyA che. tenA madira cheka jApAnamAM maLI AvyA che. melyu , lambaka (leka) bAlI, hAlamAherA, timora che hA tavanA itima parAzanI prAra, udalekha nIya che. bAlImAM saMpaNuM hiMdI vastI che. malAyA, tathA praNAlIkAo, zilpa ane sthApatya, saMgIta ane nRtya, InDonezIyA ane philIpI-sanI prajA malayava zI che. je nAma bhASA ane sAhitya. rivAja ane rUDhio tyAM pAMgaryA ane bhAratIyatA sUcave che. jagatamAM Adi mAnavanI amI bhUta vistaryA. parI jAvA mAMthI maLI AvI che. Aje bahu theDA Adi vAsI tyAM rahyA che. temAM kula jatI mukhya che. ahIMnI mukhya ( sumAtrA ) suvarNa dvipamAM zrI vijayanuM mahA sAmrAjya bhASA (bahAsA ) malaya che. bIjI mukhya bhASAmAM jAvAI, ubhuM thayuM ane sakAo sudhI teNe bhavya sAMskRtika prasAra sundAI, madurAI, Daca mukhya che. eka racika hakikata e che 13. temAM tyAnI nAgabajA paNa bhaLI hatI. A nAma prajA ke inDoneziyAnuM prAcIna nAma malayeziyA maLI Ave che. mAMja sAcI vaDAvatI hatI tethI deve e vAsukI nAganuM doraDuM paNa eka jarmana mAnavavaMza zAstrI bAsTIyane tene inDonezIyA banAvyuM tema jaNAyuM che. evuM nAma ApyuM che. A TApuo viSuvavRtta AsapAsa hoI 14. jAvAnA re buduranA prAcIna maMdira diyara bhAratIya vAtAvaraNa garama rahe che. beja Rtuo tyAM che. unALe ane vahANunuM suMdara zilpa che. comAsuM vasAda sarerAza 120 thI 180 Ica paDe che. moTA 15 mArkaDeya purANa (57 57 ) mA InDa dviva, kaze bhAganA TApuo paravALAnA banelA che. ane tyAM ghaNA javALA rUmAna tAmraparNa, gabhastimAna, nAgaThipa, saumyadvipa ane vAruNa mukhIo che. samudra tyAM bahu UMDe na mI. ane darIyAI sarve dipane ulekha che tenI bhogolIka sthiti (varNana anusAra kSaNa karate jaNAyuM che ke A TApuo AMdAmAna nikobArathI jetA ) teja e InDonezI AnA TApUo che. vAmana purANamAM philIpansa sudhI sarva eka bhUmimAM joDAelA hatA. ane te lakhAyuM che ke bhAratIe e yajJa, yudha ane vepArathI dharatIkaMpathI TApuo thaI gayA che te keTalAka paravALA e A dipene pAvana karyA (IyA-yudha-vANijyAbhikRta pAvana) banAvyA che.

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ati saMdarbhagraMtha 69 jAvA sauthI gIca pradeza che. ApaNe joI gayA ke kai jatAM hatAM 2 0 A vyApArIo ja eja tyAMnAM nAnA nanA kaunDinme ahIM sAMskRtika pAgaraNa karyA I. sa. 7 thI 13mI rAjAone muslima dharma svIkArAvyo hato 18 bhautika sadI sudhI dakSiNa sumAtrAmAM zrI vijaya sAmrAjya rahyuM tenI jarUrIyAtathI A rAjAo muslima banyA ane tema tema rAjadhAnI te AjanuM pAlemabaMga A sAmrAjyane vikAsa teoe baLa karI majAhita sAmrAjya sAme laDyA. jAte rahyau malAyA bonio selavAsI pazcima jAvA ane tyAMthI pUrvamAM philipinsa temaja phormosA sudhI teno vistAra Aja pAMca saikAthI malAyA, jAvA, sumAtrA, benie hate. laMkAnI sAmenA dakSiNa bhAratamAMthI cheka cInanA kenthana vageremAM muslima dharma pravarte che, chatAM ApaNuM uttara bhArata vistAra sudhI A sAmrAjya phelAyuM hatuM. mAM banyuM che tema ahIM muslima saMskRti bhAratIyatAne dAbI zakI nathI ke saMkara karI zakI nathI. hiMduo upara jema pUrva jAvAnA majAhita hiMdu sAmrAjaye I. sa. ApaNe uttara bhAratamAM muslima saMskRtine DheLa caDyo che 1377mAM zrI vijaya vaMzane nAza karI vijaya meLavyuM tevuM tyAM thaI zakyuM nathI. navamAM zatakathI A bane sAmrAjyo vacce zatruvaTa rahetI uttara bhAratamAM hiMdustrIo paradAnI sAme lAja DhAMkatI hatI. majAhita sAmrAjya saMskRtione parama vikAsa ghuMghaTavALI banI gaI, paNa ahIM te muslIma strIo asala thaele hate. bAbudura (baDA buddha)nuM vizva viMkhyAta mahA bhAratIya strI dAkSiNya meLavelI ane khullAmAM rahe che. A maMdira ane anya evAMja samAraka maMdire 6 A sAmrAjya malathu ane InDonezIyAne suslima pradeza te saptasiMdhunA bAMdhyA hatA. eka jamAnAmAM majAhita samrAjJi suhitAe saMgama jevAM che. dharma kurAne zarIpha mujaba paNa "pramANama majAhitanI kIrti parAkASTAe pahoMcADI hatI tenuM rAjya manusmRti. saMskRti rAmAyaNa ane mahAbhAratanI; belI saMskRti, suMdara hatuM. temAM saMsthAnika vyApAra, Arogya, vigraha, gRha, thavI, arabI, tamIba ane cInanuM mizraNa kherAka bhAratIya nyAya ema dareka vividha khAtA hatA. tenuM pATanagara maja ane cInI ane islAma vidhi niSedhavALa, ahIM bhAratIya pAhita eka vizALa nagara hatuM tenI madhyamAM vizALa zivamaMdira ane muslima saMskRtine saMkara nahi paNa saMgama che. Aje hatuM. 7mAMthI 10 saikA sudhImAM 500 thI vadhArI hiMdu maM * tyAM saMskRta mRta bhASA nathI. dira baMdhAyA jyAre teone temanA harIpha zrI vijaya sA.jyathI pitAnuM rakSaNa paNa karavAnuM hatuM. temAM paNa bAlI laMbaka vagere pUrNa hiMda che. Aje tyAM bhArata karatAM paNa ziSTa rIte cAturvaNya vyavasthA che, je I. sa. 1428mAM majAhina sAmrAjya AMtara viya- dAca e hajAra varSa pahelAMnI jhalaka jALavI rahI che, tyAre hamAM tuTI paDayuM. cInanA caDAI thaI. che nabaLu paDyu ahIM Arya saMsthAne vasyA haze. samudra maMthana vakhate deve saMsthAno chuTA paDI gayA. siMhapura (siMgApura) malAyA, sAthe ahI Aye AvyA hatA. purANomAM vAnAvatAranA zyAma ( thAIlenDa ) paNa majAhita sAmrAjyano bhAga hatA preraka balInA asura vaMzajoe A pradezanuM nAma balI rAkhavA te svataMtra thavA lAgyA ane chevaTe malAkakAnA muslima rAjA- preraNA ApI che. zoSI (saMlabIsa nA na rutya bhAgamAM e majAhita jItI lIdhuM Aje InDonezIyA muslIma che. vasatA leke diyAka daitya" nAme pitAne oLakhAve che. sumAtrA paNa hajI junI saMskRti TakI rahI che. e bhavya maMdire che ane javAnI vaccenI sAmUdradhunI 'sunda'nI sAmudradhunI nAme hiMdu tathA musalamAna vacce kemI bhedabhAva nathI. De sukanI Aje oLakhAya che. tyAM sulape, upa sula vagere mAtA hiMdu ane pitA musilama hatA nAte savanA TApuonA nAma che. balI viSe purANenI vAta dhyAna pUrvaka saMskRta ja che. vAMcIe te jaNAya che ke vAmane balIne viSuvavRttanI nIce pAtAle cAMpe che. tyAM racAela kAvI ( saMskRtane maLatI ). InDonezIAmAM jema hidu ane bauddha dharma bhArata bhASAmAM "nagara kRtAgama" nAme graMthamAM tyAMnI eka mahApAtrI mAMthI gayA tema muslIma dhama paNa bhAratamAMthI game che. rANInuM nAma (tribhuvana-uttaginInA birada pAmela ) viSNuAraba ane hiMdI muslIma vepArIo 13mAM saikAthI tyAM vardhAinI hatuM jeNe tenA jaladhimaMtrI gajamo mAraphata samudra - 16 bAlImAM hAla vastI bhAratIya che. tyAMnA prakhyAta vijaya meLavyuM hatuM. temAM balInI saMskRti--AcAra vicAramadira 1 caDI bentAra madira - 2 belAjI vaLI bAlInA nuM je varNana che tevA ja AcAra Aje tyAM vyApta che. dareka kuTuMbamAM nAbhImadira leka maMdira purAdAbena mRtyu madira - - 19 muslima vepArIne saMpatithI ja A rAjAe dhAnya maMdira parvata maMdira ane samIra maMdira hoya che. majAhitamAM AMtara vigraha Ubho karI tene nabaLuM pADayuM hatuM 17 I. sa. 1428 pachI paNa 50 varSa te sAmAnya tuyuM pahelAM jAvA ane sumAtA muslima 6 ma. . kuTayu TakI heluM hatuM 20 I. sa. 125mAM alpenanA rAjAe prathama muslima 18 sukarNo suDAneM zatramitA je je (zatramita jaya jaya) dharma ravIkAryo ane phelAvAmAM madada karI. Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 ane bhAga , cAmAM cakAmAM rAjakumAra " saMskRta vyA kSatriya ja lAgIza), samiA bI2 che. ane jIvanamAM jIvavAne rasa ubhuM karI rahyAM che te leke dhIkatuM baMdara che. sArAvAku viSe vadhAre ulekha banIo dhanya che. ApaNe te saMskRti bhAratanI hovA chatAM bhAratamAM (InDonezIA) viSe AvI gaye phakta malAyA ja joIe ja tene aparicita banAvI rahyA chIe. tyAMne itihAsa te evaDA nAnA vistAramAM prAcIna nava rAjyo hatA, ane joIe te jaNAya che ke rAmAyaNanA sItAharaNa pachIne banAve te eka 6khata agniezIyAnA che. vijaya sAmrAjyanA dAca tyAM banyA haze. maharSi vAlamIkie je varNana ApyuM khaMDIA rAjA tarIke varSo sudhI rahyA hatA 15mAM saikAmAM che te tyAMnuM ja che.. te jAvAnA majAhita rAjyano bhAga banyuM tyArapachI prasi ddha malaya rAjakumAra paramezvaranI sattA nIce 15mI sadImAM tyAM paMcAyata vyavasthA che jene "vizvastu paMcama" majapAhi malakakAnI nIce khasI gayA A malakakA pAchakahevAya che. tyAMnA zabdo joIe te saMskRta vyApta che. - LathI porTugIjha thANuM banyuM jene kedAhanA sulatAne jItI TAkA vAisa (vAgIza); samiya deva; AvAsa-purI; brAhmaNa mAhitI upara paNa potAnI ANa jamAvI hatI. melAyAmAM kSatriya, vaizya-trivaMzI (trivaMzI; meTI bahena aka . kaliMgadezanA vepArIo AvIne vasyA hatA. ane vyApAre (akha); dAdI ke nAnI dAda gAmano paTela - mabaMkala. puMgava; evA samRddha thayA hatA ke tyAM tenuM bhArathI mapAtuM (bhAra mATe "bApA" 400 ratala-- 1 2000 tolA) - uparokata graMtha nAgarakRtAgamamAM eka ItihAsa e malakkAnA sUlatAne je sAmrAjya tyAM banAvI nave valAyo che ke zaka saMvata) pAMcase pacIsa sumAre guja- rAjyomAM pitAnI ANa pheravI cheka jAvA sudhI hAka jamAvI rAtanA rAjyane jyAtiSIe mAThuM bhAvi dazAgyuM ke gujarAtamAM hatI. te sulatAna maLavaze zailendra 2 3 hatAM, jeo dakSiNa e rAjyavaMza nAza pAmaze tethI potAnA vaMzane bacAvI levA bhAratamAMthI AvIne tyAM rAjya jamAvI rahyA hatA, ane zararAje 22 pitAnA kumArane ddhipAtaranI pAra vasavA pachIthI sAMpradAyika kusaMpa ane ArabonI madada levA mATe AnA karI. te rAjakumAre potAnI sAthe pAMca hajArathI vadhu muslima thayA hatA. tyAM parAMnA nAma tamILa, upeha, subaka nagarajanene-navuM rAjaya vasAvavAnA aDhaLaka sAmAna sa the vagere che. jAvAnI saphara karAvI hatI. temAMthI tyAM zrIvijaya sAmrAjya A musilama zailendra vaMza valaMdA, phrencothI bacavA thayuM. te samaye sumAtrAnA (zrI vijaya) nAme oLakhatAM. bhAratIyatA ! tAruM sAcuM dazano agnieziyAmAM che ! a grejImAM phasAyA ane rAjya khAI beThe A aMgrejoe ja hA, cInano dakSiNa kinAre paNa Aja sudhI bhAratIya AcAra brAjhIlathI rabara lAvI tyAM khetI karI jethI Aje malAyA vicAra ane saMskRta bhASApracura vyavahArathI suzobhIta che. dunIAmAM moTAmAM moTo rabara pedA karate deza banI gayo. jo ke briTIza prabhutva tyAM paNa IsTa IDiA ku mAraphata A maleziyA limApura nava rAjyone laDAvIne teNe meLavyuM hatuM. jene vyavahAra prAcIna nAma malayuM upara jaNAvyuM tema dhama IslAma 1858 sudhI bhAratamAMthI ja thatuM. saMskRtiya bhAratIya bhASAnI pUrvaja saMskRta ArabIne paNa Aja malAyAmAM muslima banelI prajAnI asmitA tenI upara bahuja ocho pAsa paDela che. hAla malaye pharI jAgI uThI. briTIzaree rAjakIya sudhArAo ApyA, ziyAnI racanA malAyA, siMgApura ane beni enA ane malAyAnI aneka jAtIya prajAe (jemAM malaya dazalAkha, uttarabhAga sArAvAkamAMthI thaI che. temAMthI siMgApura pAchaLathI cInI 23 lAkha hiMdi pAkIstAnI teTalAM ja trevIsa lAkha chaThe paDI gayuM. malAyAnI siMgApura sahitane vistAra ane bIjI jAtIo eka lAkha ane 1960nI vastI gaNatrI) IglenDathI saheja meTo (50, 960 corasa mAIla) paNa ne anulakSIe dvipa ka95ne traNa 24 vibhAgamAM vahecI nAkhe. sArAvAka temAM bhaLyuM tene vistAra 47 68 corasa mAIla A ubhA karelA kusupane eka thatAM paMdara varSa lAgyA, ane che. ane have temAMthI 269 . mAIlanuM TacukaDuM siMgApura Tegyu abdula rahemAne A ubhA karelA kusaMpane eka thatAM siMhajra ) chUTuM paDI gayuM je Aje muMbaI jevuM moTuM paMdara varSa lAgyA, ane Teku abdula rahemAne svataMtratA - 21 AMdAmAna nikobAramAM AdivAsI jAtIo ne meLavI, je kedAranA sulatAnanA bhAI, prAcIna zailendravaMzI niSAda kahe che. jene dhokabhAga sumAtrAmAM paNa vaselo maLI che, temaja te vAtanuM gaurava svIkAre che. Avyo che. tAmikAe niSAdane zrApa Apyo hato te kathA 23 A zai kendra te zrIvijaya mahA sAmrAjyanA ADhipurUSa suvidita che. jeoe samasta agni ezIA -dakSiNa bhArata ane dakSiNa pUrva 22. moTe bhAge tyAre gujarAtamAM meTAke rAjya karatA hatA cIna Upara saMvata 706 thI 14.sudhI ANa phelAvelI hatI. je pitAne suryavaMzI kahevaDAvatA ane zivadharma pALatA tethI temAM saurASTranA maitrakanuM lohI bhaLyuM hatuM. balI vageremAM zivamaMdira ghaNo che. 24. dvitiya mahAyuddha pachI Ama thayuM. Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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ati saMdarbha praya kaMboDiA kebeja. lake tathA AsAmanA khAsI loko sAthe mere saMbaMdha agni zIAmAM eka vakhata samRddha sAmrAjya hate. sAtamI sadImAM tyAMnA 2 jA somavargane tribhuvanezvara ane sUrya maMdiranI racanA karI hatI. tyAM paNa rAmAyaNa maDA bhagavato Adeza Aje pachAta che. 70 hajAra corasa mAIla bhArata niyamita vaMcAtA hatA. navamI sadImAM A abhera mAM pAMsaTha lAkha lekenI tyAM vastI che. temAM 84 TakA rAjya dakSiNa brahmadeza, siyAma; ane hiMdI cIna25 ne traNa kabajI 3 TakA bhAratIya 6 TakA cInI ane 7 TakA vistAromAM phelAeluM agni ezIyAnuM sauthI moTuM rAjya vieTanAmI loko vase che. paNa rA deza pravAsIonuM hatuM. tyAM mAtRsaMsthA hatI ane putrI paNa rAjyAdhikArI moTuM AkarSaNa che. prasiddha autihAsika aMgaranA maMdire thatI hatI. benane putra gAdIe besatA. A rAjya zivabhakta Aje vizvamAM benamuna che. cheDA samaya pahelAM ja tyAM hatuM. rAjA jayavarmana bIjAe navamI sadImAM prakhyAta ziva vivanI junAmAM junAmAMnI eka rAjazAhI uthalI paDI maMdira aMgakora maMdira sthApyA hatA. eka zilAlekha mujaba 1970nA okaTobaranI trIjIe kaMboDiA prajAsattAka thayuM. tenA bAMdhakAmamAM 78; 3; 5 mANase rokAyA hatA. ra740 DAMgara, makAI rabaranI khetI plAyavuDanA vyApAra ane sevaka 615 nartakIo 2232 kApAThIe ane 18 pUjAzaNanA kathaLAnI nikAsa upara rAjya nabhe che. tyAMnA rAjya rIo A maMdiranI pUjA karatAM 12mI sadImAM aMgakerane vArasa prinsa siMhAnuke rAjya haka cheDIne ghaNu samayathI caMpA 26 e AkramaNa karI luTI lIdhuM tyArathI mera sAmrAvaDA pradhAna tarIke bIna juthavAdanI nItIna puraskartA banI jya tuTavA lAgyuM. tyAM baudha dharma saMgharSathI A sane rAjya calAvyuM. paNa 1955mAM DalesanI sAmyavAdI virodhI nItImAM te tenI sAthe karAra badhdha na thatAM amerIkA 1431mAM rAjadhAnI nemapena banI. pharI rAjavIo jeramAM AvyA paNa 17mI sadI pachI te thAIlenDanI ke caMpAnI bephanuM bhega banI rAjakIya kAvAdAvAothI phasAI gayuM che. pitAne rAjya sepI sva. naherUnI preraNAthI teo daramyAna gIrIo cAlu ja rahI. jene kAraNe phe ce AvyA ne te pradezanA adhIpatI thaI paDayA. bIjA vizva yuddhamAM kuzaLatAthI rAjya calAvatA hatA, sAmyavAdIo ane ame rIkanonI vacce te dabAI gayA Akhare temaNe pekIMgamAM jApAnanA hakalA pachI pharI ke AvyA paNa prinsa siMhAzaraNuM lIdhuM amerIkAe tenA rAjazAhI uthalAvI janarala nuke Akhare 1954mAM tenI svataMtramAra 7 meLavI. hAla teo bauddha dharma pALe che. jIvana ratIbhAratIya che. lena nebane zAna samuM paNa Aje pharI siMhAnuka AvI rahyA che. amerIkAe cInane khuza rAkhavA te svI. siyAma-zyAma-thAIlenDa, kAryuM che. prajA AMtara yudhamAMthI ugAraze tema jaNAya che. vastI thAi lokenI bhASA thAi purepurI saMskRta pracura bhAratIya prAcIna graMtha ane zilAlekhamAM tene bhAratIya saMskRtithI sabhara jIvana vastI lagabhaga aDhI karoDa kaja nAme ulekha maLI Ave che, te kaMboDiAnA rAja. vistAra 1, 98; 404 corasa mAIla leke bauddha dharma pALe vaMzanI utpatti agAu jaNAvyA mujaba bhAratIya kauDinya ke paNa pUrI vaiSNava maheMkavALe Ama thAI jANe bIjo bhAratIya koMDilya brahmaNa ane bhUpati nAga nAme tyAMnA rA nA putrI pradeza jaI ja le ! samAthI thaI hovAnuM kahevAya che. trIjI sadImAM A hiMdu - siyAmane itihAsa pUrvanA mera sAmrAjya ( kaMja) rAjya mekIMga kAMThe vikasyuM ane dhIme dhIme phAvyuM che. cInI sAthe saMkaLAela che. i. sa. 1229mAM zrethemAM tene "phUnAna" nAme vAraMvAra ullekha thaelo jevA mera rAjyathI maLe che. caMpA vieTanAma) jAvA benio e sarva dezo siyAma chUTuM paDayuM tenA sthApaka hatA rAjA rAma meMga A kaunDinyane pitAnA pUrvaja gaNe che. 100 varSa pachI kI vaMza sutAI ! teNe rAjya che.DI lokamatathI rAjA niyukata karyA je paNa siyAmanI mULa prajA prathama dakSiNa cInamAM vasatI temanA vaMza ja hatA. tenA eka rAjA phAna mahA parAkramI ane mAMgela lokonA hallA thatAM sthaLAMtara pAmI nIce utarI thayA ane teNe daza rAjya jItI lIdhA hatA hiMdI bane. AvyA. ane panAma cA kyA nadIne kAMThe vasI. vikasI nanuM rUpAMtara "phAna" cInIoe karyuM che. cInI khAmInA ane vistarI temAM 2000 varSa pahelAMthI bhAratIya Arya varNana mujaba A rAjya brAhmaNa dharma ane samRddha hatuM ke vyApAra ane vyavahAra mATe AvatAM thayA ane temAM tenA cena-lA pradezanA rAjAo potAne kaMbu vaSinA vaMzaja bhaLI gayA. gaNAvatA. ziva prasanna thayA. ane merA nAmanI asarAne 25 lAosa vieTanAma kaMboDiA. kabuSi pAse mokalI jenAthI utpanna thayA te rAjakumAra mera A kauDinya vaMzaja rAjaputrIne paraNyo ane e 27 jInivA karArathI. rAjya ene maLyuM dakSiNa brahmadeza (hiMdI)nAM tailaMgane mAna 27 7 jAvAmAM rAvaNane dazamukha kahe che. Jain Education Intemational

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682 siyAmanA sauthI prAcIna nagaro sukhAya ane sAva'kalAka uttaramAM AvelA che. tyAMnA prAcIna maMdiza tathA bIjA alazeSe eTalA tA bhAratIya zailInA che ke te kALe ghaNA adhinivezako bhAratamAMthI ahIM AvIne vasyA haze ema itihAsakArAne pratiti thai che. ghaNA kharA maMdiza (vATa mULe brAhmaNa dhamI hatAM ane pAchaLadhI khmera sAmrajyathI chuTA thatAM tene bauddha rAAee punaroddhAra karatAM tene bauddha zailIne epa ApyA. hAlanI tenI rAjadhAnI baMgakAkamAM vizva vikhyAta maMdira vATa *-keenA nIlama buddhanA maMDhiramAM tenA pradakSiNA mAnI bhIMte para rAmAyaNu kathAnA bhItti citrA ane zilpA che. jAvA khAlInI peThe A thAI pradezanAM leAka jIvanamAM rAmAyaNanI kathA eTalI etapreta thai gaelI che ke ahI'nA e nRtya prakAramAM eka prakAra rAmAyaNanI kathAne ja AvarI le che. temAM purUSAnuM nRtya " khAna " bahu ja purANI zailInuM che. tenI laDhaNa ane mudrA kathako nRtyane kaMIka aMze maLatI Ave che e puruSAnu nRtya che. temAM badhA pAtrA mhAMrAM pahere che. tenA gItAne kAvya kahe che. emAM rAmAkhyAna mukhya hAya che rAvaNane theAsa katha ( daza-katha ) 24 kahe che. sItAne sIdA bharatane krota lakSmaNane laka zatruzrute sattu, suprIvane sukrIba, kiSkiMdhAne khAoina maMdodarIne mathA vagere nAme kahe che. paNa tenu mukhya rAma niha paNa hanumAna che. praNaya ghelA thAI kavioe jitendriya buddhimAna vAnaputra hanumAnane parAkramI viduSka viSayAsakata ane bahuputrAnA pitA darzAvyA che. Akhu rAmAyaNa te temAM bhajavI zakAtu nathI paNa keTalAka lokapriya prasaMgeA bhakata hanumAna, sIdyA agni parIkSA brahmAstra kAkanAzana tathA maiyA rAkha' ( mahI rAvaNu ) vAraMvAra bhajavAya che. pAtra 28 cInI sukhAyane simena kahetAM te uparathI khmera le tene zyAma kahevA lAgyA temAMthI siyAma thayu. 29 a ya prAcIna nagare.mAM junI rAjadhAnI aye;kyA (ayuthiyA) viSNulA ke svargaloka bimAi sidhapurI pevApurI vagere che, eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 te rIte pALavA lAgyA thAI kuTuMba jIvanamAM paga paDatAM pahelAM bhikhkhu bane ane pachIja saMsAra ma ke tyAMnA hALa utsava ane bhUmikheDa utsava brAhyaNAne mahatva ApanArA hovA chatAM I lAkAmAM bhAratIya 16 sakAromAM pAMca saskAra sacavAi rahyA che. maMDana (caula) nAmakaraNa, kaNu chedya, vivAma'gaLa vagere bhAratIya rIteja thAyache. zubhakArya zubha muhu joi thAya che. rAjya darabAramAM brAhmaNa jyAtiSIonuM mahatva rahyuM che. 19mI sadI sudhI rAjyAbhiSeka paNa bhAratIya brAhmaNA karatAM I.sa. 1851mAM tenI sAthe baudhdha vidhi bheLavavAmAM AvI nI prajA khetI pradhAna, ane Rtuche. dharma tyAM gaurava ne viSayache, vAdane nahi. prajAmAM dareka lAke kAMika kaLA zIkhyA ja hAya jyotiSa tenA pAThaya pustakamAM zIkhavAya atithidhama upara vizeSa dhyAna apAyache. bIjuM zAstrIya nRtya strIeja bhajave che. puruSa pAtra pazu strIone tenI upara bhArata nATayama ane maNipurInI spaSTa asara che. te eka lAsya prakAra kahI zakAya. tenA vi Saye prAcIna devadevInI paurANIka vArtAeja che, ane te viSaya paNa samagra bhAratIya paurANika kathAomAMthI ja levAyA hAya che. saMgIta upara kambeja ane bhAratIya mizrita akSarA jovAya che. rAjAe rAma' nAma pAtAnA nAmanI sAthe acUka joDe che. prAcIna sUryavaMzanA teo vazaja kahevAya che. emaNe i. sa. 1360 sudhI ghaNA viSNu ane mahezvara madirA badhAvyA ane tyArapachI sileAna thI badhdhaprakhyAta dharma lAvyA ane tene paurANIka saMpradAya sAthe kaleza na Ave thAi itihAsa pramANe i.sa.468mAM bhAratanI takSazilAnA baudhdha tissA rAnta kAlavarNo viSe madhya siyA mamAM leAkapurI". nagarI sthApI hatI. i.sa.654mAM tenA samrATe potAnI putrI nAga-camAne utta nuM zAsana soMpyu hatuM. tevA zilAlekha maLI A yAche. dasamI sadImAM nagara zrIdharAja (ligeAra)nA samrATe lekapurI jItI ane tenA putra dakSiNa siyAmane kabAjanA khmera sAmrajya sAthe bheLavI dIdhu hatuM. paNa tyAra tyAra pachI sukhAya uparAjye tenAthI svataMtra thai leAkapurI jItI lai menAma (nadI)nA kAMThe ayeAdhyA nagarI bAMdhavI zarU karI. tyAre tyAMthIsamudramAM naukA vyavahAra hatA ane tyAM sAka ane leAkapurI nadInA saMgama thatA hatA. lepapurI have ghasAtuM gayuM, Aje tyAM mahAdhAtu devasthAna caMdnA bhISaNa ane anya maMdizamAM caturbhuja viSNu, 96mI e rAvatAruDha indra, ana MtazALI viSNu, vagerenI mutI e jovA maLe che. i sa. 1763mAM brahmadezanI caDAi AvatAM ayeAdhyA nAza pAmyuM ane temAMthI rAma rAjAe nAzI jai teNe navuM nagara ane tenu prathama madira vATa aruNukara bAMdhyA te nagaranuM nAma teNe devAMnI nagarI-gadeva krU gadhekha rAkhyu, je nAmane aMgrejo lagADI ' beMgakoka' karI nAkhyuM. pa thAI leke to tene krugadhemaja kaheche. hAlanA rAjAnu zrI bhUmikhela che. nAma beMgakoka vAstavIka madirAnuM nagara che. temAM bhAratIya kathAkita asaMkhya bauddha maMdira che. zaiva ane viSNu ma MdiranA avazeSo paNa che. temAM vATa - phrA jetubena, vATa ciga vATa pe, nIlamaNIbudhdha vageremAM brahmadezIya chAMTa jovA maLe che temAM sauthI maMdira vA-paMcama bhUpatRLa bahu ja zilpa pracura 3. leAkapurInu Aje lepathurI nAma che. 31 hAla apabhrA nAma vaTa eAma e pitra che. 32. vATa--aNune bhavya stupa 250 phUTa uMcA che ane cAre tarapha nAnA stupAne kAraNe nayana ramya lAge che, jemAM mukhya janma, madhaprApti, mAraviya ane nirghAyu darzAvAyA che.

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ati saMdarbha graMtha che. jenI bhAratImAM -pradakSiNA mArgamAM asaMkhya baudhdha A caMpAne uttare annama rAjya sAthe pazcima kaMboja mUtio che, je bhArata, laMkA, kabaja, brahmadeza, tibeTa vagere sAthe laDavAnuM rahetuM hatuM. pAMcamI sadImAM annamamAMthI sthaLethI lAvavAmAM AvI che. vATa-venI budha mUti 35 cInI rAjAoe A pradeza jItI maMdire luMTI lIdhA. ane phUTa UMcI ane tenI palADI 23 phUTa che. temAM nirvANa maMdira mUrtio bALI nAkhI jemAMthI eka lAkha ratala suvarNa adabhUta che. sutelA tathA gatanI A nayana ramya mUrti doDhase maLeluM hatuM. AvI luMTa karI cInI lazkare AvI jatAM. phUTa lAMbI che, te mahAkAya mUtinA caraNa sattara phUTanA che. caMpA pharI svataMtra banI jatuM. Avu cheka 13mI sadI sudhI thaI bhASA saMskRtamAMthI sIdhI utarI A che tenI upara bahu kublAI khAnanI caDAI sudhI cAlyuM, kebeja sAme laDavA te thoDI cInI asara che. te pAlInI vyApta asara che. nAma cInAonI bolAvI lAgatuM ane temAMthI cInAonI dADha Indra- kamalasuta, narapatI zrI prasidadha, maNiratna, AtmAnaMda tenI upara saLakI te Aja sudhI te bhegave che. parama bala prasanna puNya prazava, cakAyudha. vagere-AjanA caMpAnA traNa vibhAgoHpraSAna maMtrInuM nAma zrI sati dhanarAjana, nadInA nAma-mAM gaMgA yArAvadI vagere pakSenA nAmaH prajAdhipata kAmakaraNa, (1) uttare amarAvatI (hAla kavAMga) emAM Idrapura (kAmadAra varga). zrI Arya maitreya, saMghama niyama (samAjavAdI) ane siMhapura mukhya hatA. saha baMdha kSetra (kheDUtasaMgha) vagere Aja paNa rAjya zAsIta thAI, arvAcIna saMskRtithI paricIta rahIne paNa pitAnI (2) vijaya (hAlanuM siMha dilha) emAM vijaya ane AgavI bhAratIyatA vikasita thAI saMskRti jALavI rahI che. zrI vinayanA nagare hatAM. jIvI rahI che ! (3) dakSiNe pAMDu raMga ( hAlanuM phAnarAMga ane bina caMpAanAma-vieTanA thuAna ) emAM vIrapura ane rAjapura nagare hatAM. agni ezIAnA dvipa khaMDanA kAMThe lAMbI sAMkaDI bhArate vAlimakIne kaSi mAnyA paNa caMpAe tene deva aMgrejI esa "AkAranI paTTIne Adeza chellA 20 varSathI rAjakIya kheMcatANane viSaya banyuM che ane chellA daza varSathI mAnyA ane I. 650 thI 609mAM tyAM rAjA vikAnta dharmane sAmyavAdI ane amerIkAnA AkramaNyane lega banyuM che. kula vAtimaki trASinuM maMdira bAMdhI rAmAyaNane mahApratiSThA ApI AThamI navamI sadImAM A rAye jAvA sudhI ANa phelAvI vistAra 1,27,000 co. mAIla ane vastI traNa karoDanI be hatI navamI sadImAM aDIM cInanI saMgate bauddha dharma mahA vieTanAma-uttara ane dakSiNa vacce sarakhe bhAge baheMcAelI, paNa temAMnI 80 TakA vasatI khetI upara nabhe che. DAMgara ane mAna dharma Avyo paNa rAjya dharma brAhmaNonA hAthamAM hatuM rabara tenI jIvAdorI che. vastI annAmI nAme oLakhAya che. ahIM saMskRta bhASA dhIme dhIme apabhraMza thatI gaI ane cAInIjhanuM mizraNa thatAM eka navI ja bhASA upamI AvI A pradezamAM eka daMtakathA mujaba I. sa. pUrve 2879 I. sa. 854 thI 893mAM Indravane bauddha dharmane rAjyA mAM vieTa leka rAjya karatAM teoe 26 saikA rAjya karyuM zraya Apo, siMhapuramAM baudha maTha sthApyo paNa zaiva dharmane tyArapachI eka cInI senApatie lAla nadI pAra karI tenA cAlu rAkhe vaiSNava rAmanI pratiSThAnI mAphaka ja ! ahIM paNa keTalAka pradeza jItI laI tene cInanA prAMta sAthe joDI dIdhA mAtR pakSI vyavahAra ane svayaMvara prathA hatI. TheTha madhya eziI. pUrve 111mAM te pradeza saMpUrNa cInanA Adhipatya nIce yAthI cIna sudhI rAjya phelAvanAra kublAIkhAnane caMpAmAM rahyo. I. sa. 618mAM tene svAyattA maLI annAma evuM phAvyuM nahi Adhipatya svIkAravI teo A Ama rAjAne nAma apAyuM. A svAyattatAno yaza dakSiNa bhAratIya lekone cheDI cAlI gayA. annama sAthe yudhdhamAM 1471mAM 60,000 phALe jAya che. dakSiNa bhAratanA rAjAo jamIna ane sasudra cAma yodhdhA kapAyA 30,000 kedhyamAM tyArathI caMpA rAjya mAge malaya dezamAM gaelA tyAM bhaLI gayA ane tyAMthI pharI beThuM thayuM nahi. jo ke vIsamI sadI prAraMbha sudhI ane AgaLa pUrva kinAre khasatAM khasatAM pUrvamAM AvyuM ane nAma sAthe yuddha karatAM chellA rAjavaMzI maraNa pAmyA. Aje dakSiNa pUrva vieTanAma upara kabajo meLavyuM. cothI sadImAM A cAma prajA tyAM mojuda che. keTalAka hiMdu keTalAka bauddha rAjA bhadravamane misenanagara AgaLa zivabhadrezvaranuM maMdira te keTalAka islAma dharma svIkAryo che. jenI eka bIjA upara racyuM hatuM. karNanA aMgadeza ( gaMgAkAMThe bhAgalapura)ne paNa gherI asara che. tethI muslime tenA mUhalAone Acara keTalIka leka kathA A pradezanA rAjAo sAthe joDe che. eka (AcArya ) ane zru gurU) kahe che. te brAhmaNa purohitane zilAlekhamAM A rAjAe yajJa karI temAM narabalI ApyAne : baseha (cInI zabda) kahe che. ullekha maLI Ave che. A misena nagaranuM maMdira kASThanuM hatuM te I. sa. pa7pamAM AgamAM nAza pAmyuM paraMtu tenA ava- 16mI sadIthI annAma be bhAge vecAyuM te 1802mAM ze hAla paNa UbhA che. A dakSiNa pradezane caMpA-- samrATa guena Ahe tene ekatra karyuM tyArathI videzI Aka tyArapachI eka cIna mAtA pradeza nI sara cInanA prAMta sAthe ja saMpUrNa cInanI anAma evuM ra ma rI sudhI rAjya phelAya che rahI gayA. 2 Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asimatA bhAga-2 mA " maNe thayA pheMce temAM phAvyA ane upara jeI gayA tema vasyA hatA evI cInI seMdhane bhArata sarakAranA purAtatva jInIvA karArathI teNe baLatuM ghara kRSNArpaNa karI vieTanAma sarvekSaNa khAtAe ullekha karela che. I. sa. nI bIjI sadIthI caMpAne yudhane narakamAM dhakelI mUkayuM te have AzAne sUraja to dakSiNa bhAratIo samudra mAge pUrva tarapha AvIne sAmrAjya dekhAI rahyo che. sthApyA te itihAsa suvidita che. ahIMnI prajA malayakuLanI ane thoDI megeleIDa lehIthI bhaLelI che. pahelAM A pradeza Aje tema chatAM moTA bhAganA leka baudhdha dharma zyAma ane kaMbojanA Adhipatya nIce hate thAIlenDanI lavaheThaLa zAtA zodhe che. prinsa siMhAnuka ane bonane ba bane purI (lebapurI)mAM sacavAela tADapatramAM A pradeza ullekha baudhdhane name che jyAre sAmyavAdI ho cI mIha jetheDA yuga lava' e nAme thayo che. sukhadayanA rAjA kAmareMge samaya pahelAM gata thayAM. nA u. vieTanAmAM bina sAMpradA I. sa. 1283mAM thAI lipI parathI tene lipi ApI. temAM thIkatAnA pATha bhaNavavAmAM Ave che eTalA saphaLa thayA nathI. saMskRta ane pAlInuM vyAkaraNa apanAvavAmAM AvyuM che. dharma tyAM 20 lAkha loko kethelIka dharma pALe che te keTalAka kenpha saMskAra bhAratI rahyA. yuzaasanI asara heThaLa haju paNa che. Aje A rAjakiya jhaghaDe chatAM prAcIna bhAratIya A rAjyanI sAcI sthApanA I. sa. 1353mAM thaI. paNa 10mA zatakamAM AjanA dakSiNa cInamAM uthala pAthala sahiSNutAtA vArI pIne A deza yudhdhane anivArya gaNI apa thatAM tyAMthI jAI prajAnI ToLIo lAosamAM utarI paDI ane nAvIne sahaja jIve che. have to ghaNuM nAza thayuM che paNa e tyAM luaMgapulaMgamAM baudhdha rAjyanI sthApanA karI paNa brahmIe jIvana rItI badalAI nathI. sAmyavAdI sainIka hAthamAM mazIna ane zyAmanA AkramaNathI teo bhAratIo sAthe dakSiNe AvI gana rAkhIne memAM te tAvIja dabAvIne phare che ! rAjya ne vasyA ane rAjadhAnI viyenatienamAM khasevaDamAM AvI. zAsane jIvana jIvavAnA sAcA mArga rUpa dhamane keTale hAla paNa rAjAnI rAjadhAnI luAMga pulaMgamAM che. ane sarauvekhI zake? kAranI rAjadhAnI vienatienamAM che. lAosa - brAhmI, zyAma, kaMbeja ane cIna vagere paDozI Aka rAjA rAmaputra lavane deza teja aMgrejI karaNathI lAosa mane sAme A pradezanA mukhya traNa rAjyo laDatAM ja rahyA, thayo. vistAra 91,482 co. mAIla ane vastI trIza ane eka yA bIjAne khaMDaNI bharatAM rahyA. I. 1827mAM vielAkhanI prajA kabAja ane vieTanAmanI asaramAM che. taTastha natina svataMtra thavA gayuM tyAre zyAme saMpUrNa nAza rAjyanItImAM te jIvavA yatna kare ane agnI ezIAmAM karyo hato. svITajharalenDa jema taTastha rahevA jate kayAreka sAmyavAdI to khAsa te cIna sAme rakSaNa meLavava luAMga prabaMganA kayAreka amerIkanono mAra khAya che. DAMgara, rabara upara e rAjAe pheMcane AvakAryA ane krUce ekanI sAme bIjAne prajA nabhe che. bauddha dharma pALe che. ane rAjyakAraNa traNa pakSa laI tenI upara sattA jamAvI rahyA. bIjA vizvayuddhamAM rAjakumAro vacce vaheMcAeluM che. je lagabhaga sAmyavAda, mUDI thoDo samaya jApAnanuM Adhipatya rahyuM paNa te hArI jatAM ane bIna juthavAdanuM pratinidhitva kare che, suvarNa bhauma razIne Teke le che ane tenI sAthe subhAnurvAga vieTaNa phrenca pharI AvyA. paNa prajA have jAgI hatI tethI I. sa. nAmanA ho-cIna-minDanI rAha barI nIce Teko meLavI 1955 phenca sAthe yuddha virAma karAra thayA paNa tyAra pachI lAosa haju sudhI TharIne ThAma thayuM nathI. have ApaNe rAjakAraNamAM AvyA che. paNa A banne bhAIone amerIkAe ke ApyuM nathI. tethI teonI rAjakumAra bhemInosavAna AzA rAkhIe. amerIkAnI sI. AI. e nI madadathI laDe che. vieTanAma, Aje tyAM rAjyadharma baudhdha hovA chatAM tenI upara kaDiA ane lAosamAM zAMti sthApavA bhAratanA pramukha vaiSNava ane zeva saMpradAyanI chAMTa che. rAjA prajAmAM bhAratIya pade bhArata polenDa ane keneDAnuM aMkuza paMca kAma kare to nItare che. tyAnI TapAla TIkITomAM rAmAyaNanA nATakIya che. paNa te have A mahArAjyanI ThaMDA yudhathI sAva azakta pAtra darzAvAyA che. hajue dhArmika utsava hoya tyAre rAjya banI gayuM che. rAjakumAra bheTa sAthe vacele mAga kADhavA adhikArIo rAjA, darabArIo pitAMbara pahere che ane mAthe mahenata kare che. paNa saphaLa thatA nathI. rAjA savaMga vana mahAbhArata kAhane muguTa pahere che lAosamAM zaka saMvata hAla baMdhAraNIya vaDA che. paNa te zAMtI ApI zakayA nathI. pracalita che. zaka 1442nA eka lekhamAM be parAkramI mahArAjA vieTanAma ane kaMbojanI mAphaka ahI paNa A baMne mahA- enA saMskRta nAma ane temaNe ujavela dhAmIka utsavanuM sattAnI sAthe gerilAo laDe che. varNana che. I. sa. pUrve bIja sadImAM hiMdu vepArIo ane dharma lAosanI bhASAmAM joDAkSara nathI AvatAM paNa bhAratanI pravartake AsAma ane maNipuranA mArge lAosamAM AvIne asara nIce nAmamAM kRtavarmana, zreSThavarmana vagere joDAkSaro rahe che. natienA bIjane khaDaNI taTastha rahevA ane agnI para kayAreka A vairAta che. je hajI pitAMbara kAma za karI Jain Education Intemational

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha bhArate lA esane nATayakaLA, sthApatyakaLAM ApI. sAranAtha "mahezvara kAla, zrI bemAM, ane viSNu" hatA. tenA kAyadAo ane ajaMTA jevA sthApatyo ane bhItti citra lAosamAM manusmRtinA AdhArIta che; maLI Ave che. budhanI nAsAgra dRSTiyukata pratimA ane bhUmisparza muddAvALI pratio te bhAratanI pratikRtieja paNa A pradeza bhAratathI lagabhaga 6000 mAIla dUra hoi tyAM bhAratIya saMskRtine TakAvI rAkhanArAone baLa na jaNAya che. rahyuM. ane tethI spenIza atyAcAro ane vahIvaTa AvatAM teNe philipAInsa : A saMskRtine kacaDI nAkhI che. spenanA rAjA philipe A rAjyane philipAInsa nAma ApyuM. traNa varSanA zAsana pachI sAtahajAra TApuonA A dvipa samuhane vistAra 1,15 te amerIkA nIce 50 varSa, jApAna nIce traNa varSa rahyA 60, ce.mAIla bhAratane 12 bhAga, briTiza TApuethI paNa bAda svataMtra thayuM. hAla te tyAM bhASA ane sthaLa nAmomAM e che ane vastI 2,50,00,000 aDhI karoDanI che. pazcima bhAratIyatA che paNa hA, hAla ghaNu bhAratIye tyAM jaI vyApAra prazAMta mahAsAgaramAM uttara dakSi 1100 mAilamAM phelAelA kare che. ane tenA hAlanA rAjyakAraNamAM moTo hisso che. ha083 TApuomAMthI phakata 466 TApuene viratAra 2 mAIlathI vadhAre che. sauthI moTA TApuo lujha, minhAnAo - A che bhAratIya saMskRtinI gauravagAthA bhAratIo sarva miDa ane pAlAvAna che malabAra ane kekaNa kAMThA jeja sthaLe vasyA ane bhUmine zasya, zyAmalA, suphalA banAvI. pahADI chatAM lIluMchama pradeza, eja jAtanI AbohavA ane jIvana vyApAramAM smRti ane guhya sUtronuM vedakAlIna jIvana pahADanA pagathIAo jevA khetaramAM khetI DAMgaranI ja. zeraDI ApyuM. dharma Apyo. mA dharatI pAsethI samRddhi uleane zeraDI tamAku have amerIkane ane spenIza vAve che. tayAnuM cavAmAM madada ApI paNa eka bIjI vastunI paNa nikAsa karI manIlA helpa zaNa vizvabharamAM TakAupaNA mATe vikhyAta che. ane te che kusupa. jenA AdhAre A pradezamAM arabI ane nALILera mabalakha thAya che. yuropIe tyAM ghusI AvyA. brahmadezathI philipAInsa ane cInanA dakSiNa kAMThA (kenTona-zAna-Tuna, zyAma-tuMga prAcIna prAga aitihAsika samayamAM agasthane pagale hiMdI bhAratIyanAma) sudhI prasarela bhAratIyatA pI khAI gaI. A cInane mA bhAratIo atre vayA ane IsunI pahelI pradezamAM eka kALe 200thI vadhu bhAratIya rAjya hatA. sAmrAjya sadImAM jAvA sumAtrA ane kalImanthananA mArge AvIne nIce jItAtAM, svataMtra thatAM teo chevaTe paradezIone hAthe vasyA. tethI philipinsa lAke upara bhAratIya asara purepurI veMcAyA. Ama bhAratIyatA tyAM raDI paNa zIrNa viziNuM. vartAya che. philipAInsanI bhASA " Tagalega " phakata saMskRta bhASA te Aje bhArate nathI jALavI te devabhASA saMskRta jaya. uparathI ja utarI AvI che. pAchaLathI temAM cInI arabI, rtAthI manIlAmAM jIve che. kenTonathI bAlImAM vihare che. cena spenIza ane aMgrejI AkramaNonA phaLa svarUpa thaDA pheraphAra guna (raMguna)thI caMpAmAM sAMskRtika pherama Ape che. thayA che. dA. ta. galaga saMskRtanA keTalAka Tegalega rUpAntara jokae. rAmAyaNa mahAbhArata ane smRtio tyAM sacavAyA che. tyAM prAcIna jAhojalAlI vALA maMdire sthapAyA. tyAMnA AzA ASHA, aSTakoNa ASTACONA, gaja vaiSNava, zaiva ane bauddha maMdire AgaLa apaNA maMdire GADA gaNita GUNITA, lAbha LAB, liMga (mUrti) vAmaNuM lAge che. kAraNa ke tyAM sAMpradAyika jhaghaDA baha nathI. LINGA, mana MANA, manuSya MANUSI1, mokSa ApaNe saMskRti ApI, temaNe jIvI batAvI che ! AphrikAthI MUCSA zIla SILA, vAstu VASTU, kASa COSA philipinsanA samagrabhAgamAM bhAratIya saMskRti phAlI che. have du:kha thaUCHA, nAga NAGA, pApa PAPA, leke nirAzanA sUra kADhI rahyA che ! 26 SUNDNA 21743 SHMPAKA 22 SANGSAL jammu JAMBU, hari sUrya HARI maMDala paNa svAmI vivekAnaMde A saMskRtine ane mahAgara MANDALLT vagere. pAra amerIkA, yuropa vageremAM phelAvI che. kRSNamUrti A sau dezomAM bhAratIya dharma jijJAsAmAMthI jIvana rahasya samajAvI IsunI 7mI sadimAM sUmAtrAnA mahA sAmrAjya zrI rahyA che vimalAtAInI pravacanamALA esTelIA nyujhIlenDathI vijayanuM ahIM Adhi tya hatuM. doDha varSa pachI ahIM holenDa sudhI vyApI che, AcArya rajanIzanuM "nIo sanmAsa maja pAhita sAmrAjya AvyuM. bhAratIya zipa, sthAyatya, ane InTaranezanala" samagra vizvamAM bhAratanI netAgIrI Ape che. dharma AvyA. Tokana devAdhidevanuM nAma "bathAla" amerIkAmAM kiSNukenasIasa nesa mATe svAmI brahmavezAta ( saMskRta bhaTTAra ziva) hatuM ane viSayane lekena devane ane mahezagI ghUmI vaLyA che. pharI bhautikavAdathI trAsI sau zivAya kahetAM. A dvipa samuhanA pAMca vibhAganAM nAma bhArata tarapha mITa mAMDI rahyA che. ApaNe e paDakAra jhIlIza ? Jain Education Intemational

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686 eziyAnI lAmikA mATe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 saMdarbha sUcI :-- 1. bhAratIya saMskRti zuM che?--nAnAbhAI bhaTTa 2. himAlayane pravAsa-kAkAsAheba 3. periplasa-thvInI 4. prAcIna kALane vizva itihAsa-De. javAlAprasAda siMdhAla pa. paradezamAM bhAratIya saMskRti-nAnubhAI dave 6. ugamaNe deza (jApAna)-kalelakara 7. navabhUmi-ketherAIna zIpena 8. saMskRta vADamayane itihAsa-sI, ela zAstrI. 9. hiMdudharma ane saMskRti-ke. ke. zAstrI 10. agatyane pagale pagale navanIta pArekha 11. prAcIna karatIya vahANavaTu sukAnI 12. kumAranI 1958, 19,60nI phAIla 13. InDonezIo-vijayagupta maurya. 14. vieTanAma-ke. gepAlana. 15. kabaDio-nArAyaNa pile 16 samarpaNa-25 phebru. 1973 17. dhI sTorI opha dhI kalcarala empAyara opha iMDiA--pI. thomasa. 18. jyahiMta vAna ena DerImanI lekhamALa bhAratIya saMskRtinA AdhAre. ooooooooooooooooooooooo00000000000000000000eeeeeeee20000000 phena : 376 841 saurASTra sTIla InDasTrIjha lImITeDa mInI sTIla plAnTa rU000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 coopeo.cccccccccc.oeconocooooooeseecocecooCocoococenco rajIsTarDa ophisa 97 A dArUkhAnA mejagAMva muMbai-10 jI. AI. DI. sI. esTeTa nezanala hAIve lIbaDI (jillo : surendranagara), ooooooooooooot20000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000008 Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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dharma ane rASTravAda dakSiNa tathA dakSiNa-pUrva eziyAnA saMdarbhamAM zrI mahendra jhaverI vizvamAM nanana eziyAnuM avataraNa thaI cUkayuM che. rAjakIya dharmanI racanA karavAnI hatI. IzvaranA sthAna para e yuropiyana sAmrAjyavAde eziyAmAMthI vidAya lIdhI che. besADe che radevatAne. mahAtmAone badale e pUje che hatA. pra inna varUpa cAle rikana sAmrAjyavAda paNa viyeTanA- tmAone saMnyAsIonuM sthAna le che dezabhakata. ane mamAM chalAM DacakAM bharI rahyA che. eziyAnA svAdhIna rAjya zahIdonA lehInI kharaDAyelI dharatI ene mATe bane che puNya A navA vizvamAM pitAnuM yogya sthAna grahaNa karavA mATe bhUmi. rASTravAda ene prAraMbhika kALamAM dharmane vAdhAM sajIne puruSArtha karI rahyA che. prAcIna samAne have navedita rASTro Ave che. paraMtu AgaLa jatAM ene kramazaH A dharma AvabanyA che. paraMtu A rASTrono samRddha bhUtakALa emane mATe raNe utAravAnI pharaja paDe che tyAre e enA pUrNa sAMsarika ekI sAthe zApa ane varadAna pUravAra thaI rahyo che eziyana svarUpe te kyAreka nAstikatAnA ( 3 ) svarUpe paNa prakaTa rASTranI prAcIna paraMparAo eka bAjuthI temanA rASTrIya thAya che. ahaMkArane poSe che te bI 9 ' zaMkhalA banIne AdhunikatAnI doTamAM temane pIche haTha karavAnI pharaja pADe che. amerikAnI kArnegI karaparezana dvArA maLelI grAMTanI eziyAnI prajA jhaDapI Arthika vikAsa sAdhI yuropiyana prajA madadathI 1959-60mAM navA rASTrone abhyAsa karavA mATenI nI samakakSa banavA adhIrI banI che. paraMtu sAthe sAthe tenI samitinI racanA karavAmAM AvI. judA judA sAmAjika zAstronA sayArA prayatnathI . abhyAsa hAtha dharavAmAM prAcIna paraMparAone amugu rAkhavAnI mathAmaNamAM vyasta che. AvI rahyo che. je samAje videzI zAsanane papti anubhava ahI ja eziyana prajAne mATe eka kapa virodhAbhAsa pAmyA pachI AjhAda thayA che temano samAveza A navodita sarjAya che. (1) rASTranAM karavAmAM AvyuM che. A rAmAM dakSi eziyAnA vIsamI sadI daramyAna yuropiyana zAsana heThaLa jIvatI bhArata pAkistAna baMgala deza tathA zrI laMkA ane dakSiNa pUrva eziyana prajAomAM eka navI jAgRtine saMcAra thayo. I. sa. eziyAnA barmA lAosa kaDIyA vieTana na maleziyA siMgA 1985mAM jApAnanI TacUkaDI prajAe mahAkAya rUsane yuddhamAM pura InDoneziyA ane philipAInsane samAvI zakAya nepALa parAsta karyuM. ane samagra eziyAnI prajAe tene gumAvela ane thAIlenDasIdhA videzI zAsana heThaLa AvyA che. AvA AtmavizvAsa punaH prApta karyo videzI zAsakone mArI haThA. rASTronA sulatmaka vizleSaNa dvArA sAmAjika ane rAjakiya vavAnA nidhAra sAthe zarU thayelA AMdolanoe dharma yudhdhanuM vikAsa pAchaLa rahelA sidhdhAMtone samajI zakAya. svarUpa dhAraNa karyuM. videzI zAsane khatma karavAno saMka9pa eTale ja eziyAne nUtana rASTravAda samAna rASTrIyatAnI sabhA rASTravAdanI vicAraNuM ApaNe be tabakakAmAM karI zakIe. natA sAthe dezabhaktanI bhAvanAnA joDANamAMthI rASTravAda utpana AjhAdInI laData daramyAna rASTravAdanuM svarUpa kevuM rahyuM ane AjhAdInI prApti pachI jyAre A samAje temanA navaghaDataranA thAya che. rASTravAH eka evuM maujJAnika valaNa che ke jemAM vyakti tenI mUlya vyavasthAmAM rASTrIya asmitAne sarvocca kAryakramane amalI banAvavAnI koziza karI rahyA hatA tyAre sthAna Apo rASTrane caraNe tenI saMpUrNa vaphAdArI api ta kare rASTravAdanA svarUpamAM zA pheraphAra thayA ? ApaNe kendrIya prazna e che ke A baMne tabakkAo daramyAna eka preraka che. pitAnA rASTranI dharatI pratye, leke pratye ane saMskRti paribaLa tarIke prAcIna dhArmika paraMparAe ze bhAga bhajavyo ? pratye UDI mamatA e kASTravAdanuM javalaMta lakSaNa che. Ama rASTravAda ane dezAbhimAna eka ja sikkAnI be bAju che. TUMkamAM ApaNe dakSiNa tathA dakSiNa-pUrva eziAnA samA - jenA saMdarbhamAM dharma ane rASTravAda vaccenA sahasaMbaMghe tapAeziyAnI dharmaparata prajA mATe A rASTravAda eka savA mAgIe chIe. samAjazAstrIya dRSTibindu pramANe sAmAjika no rAjakIya mardha banI gayA (2 paraMtu adhiprAkRtika tattanA jIvananA vividha pAsAMo parasparanI sAthe saMkaLAyelA hovAthI maMthanamAM DUbelI prAcIna dhArmika paraMparAo karatA e ghaNo satata ekamekane prabhAvita karatAM hoya che. samAjanA kaI eka judo hato. saMsAranI vAstavikatAonI buniyAda para A navA bhAgane ApaNe samajavA mAgatA hoIe te samagra samAjanA Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratI asmitA bhAma-2 saMdarbhamAM ja eno vicAra karavo ghaTe. jyAre rAjakIya prakri. yuropanA anya rAjakIya khyAlanI ( lokazAhI, udAramatavAda yAnuM kaI pA pAsuM enAthI alipta rahI zakatuM nathI. va.) sAthe rASTravAdanI vicAra saraNI e paga zikSita vargamAM zayana samAjamAM videzI zAsananI sthApanAe ghaNAM duragAmI praveza karyo. A pAzcAtya keLavaNI pAmele eziyAno bhadra pariNAmo pedA karyA eziyana rASTravAda eka sIdhuM pariNAma hatuM. vaga (Elite) eno prathama puraskartA banyo ane A ja vage eziyAmAM rASTravAdano uddabhava thavA pAchaLa aneka kAraNe javAba videzI rAjyakartAo sAmenA AMdolananuM netRtva lIdhuM. dAra gorAonI raMgabhedanI nIti, eziyana prajAnuM Arthika ze- ApaNe vANItA itihAsakAra Do. Ara. sI. majhamudAra paNa paNa, pAzcAtya rikSa) vA Duta para DAratA sauno vikAsa dhAma bhAratIya rASTravAdanA udbhavanI bAbatamAM AvuM ja maMtavya vagere. Ama, rASTravAdanA vikAsa mATe koI eka kAraNa darzAvI vyakta kare che. (4) zakAya nahi. ApaNe kevaLa dharmanA paribaLanI ja vicAraNA keTalAka eziyana samAjoe rASTravAdanI bhAvanAnA mULa karIzuM ApaNe mukhya prazna e che ke videzI zAsana daramyAna pitAnA dezanI paraMparAmAM zodhavAno prayatna karyo che. jApAnI rASTravAdI AMdolanane majabUta banAvavAmAM dharma che phALe Apyo ane svAdhInatAnI prApti pachI rASTriya navaghaDataranA : rASTravAdano udbhava cheka sattaramI sadImAM thayo hato ema jaNAvI kAryamAM dharma keTale aMze preraNA rUpa banyA ! zrI sI. je. eca. heIjha umere che ke vAstavamAM I. sa. 1870 pachI yurepiyana saMskRtinA saMparkamAM AvyA bAda videzI zAsana ane saMskRti pratye A eziyana jApAnI rASTravAde enuM Adhunika varUpa prApta karyuM. (5). rAmAe vyakta karelA pratibhA dareka bAbatamAM eka sarakhA zrI je. eca. brimela lakhe che. " videzI zAsake sAmenA nathI. pratyeka samAja potAnI AgavI saMskRti ane paraMparA tamAma adalane pAchaLa pAzcAtya prera rahetI nathI. InDoanasAra vibhinna pratikiyA kare che. A vastu samajavA mATe naliyAmAM Daca zAsakA viruddha thayelA zarUAtanA baLavAo A samAjomAM rahelI samAnatA ane bhinAene paNa pAchaLa pazcimanI vicArasaraNIno prabhAva jaNAto nathI. viyeTalakSamAM levAnI jarUra che. A badhA samAjamAM dhArmika paraM. nAmanI prajAe prAraMbhathI ja keca zAsako pratye virodha parAnuM samagra sAmAjIka jIvana para prabhutva rahyuM che. teo vyakata karyo che. pote videzIone hAthe parAjIta thayA che e mukhyatve khetI pradhAna artha vyavasthA dharAvatA hovAthI temanuM hakIkatathI viyeTanAmIe sabhAna hatA. samAna prAti, bhASA. javanastara paNa nIcuM rahyuM che. A badhA samAjomAM dharma bhASA, dharma ane anya videzIo sAmenA yudhdhanI bhUtakAlIna paraMprajAti ityAdine dharaNe nAnI moTI laghumati keme paNa astitva parAe temanAmAM rASTrIya ekatAno saMcAra karyo hate. Ama dharAve che. jene lIdhe rASTrIya ekatAnI samasyA vadhAre jaTila cAnA Agamana pUrve ja viyeTanAmI rASTravAhe tenuM astitva bane che. A samAnatAonI sAthe sAthe temanAmAM rahelI dharAvato hato," (6) bhinnatAo paNa noMdhapAtra che. bhArata jevA rAjya vizALa videzI zAsananA sIdhA pariNAma rUpe ja eziyAmAM vasati dharAve che jyAre dakSiNa-pUrva eziyAnI ghaNu samAje rASTravAdano udabhava thayo che e vicAranuM khaMDana karatA raMgUna pramANamAM ochI vasati dharAve che. keTalAMka rAjyamAM lokazAhI yunivarsiTInA rekaTara che. TIna ega rAjataMtra pravarte che te keTalAMkamAM Apakhuda ane lazkarI lakhe che, "mane lAge che ke dakSiNa tathA dakSiNa pUrva ezizAsana astitva dharAve che. keTalAMka rAjya dhamanirapekSatAnI yAnA badhA rASTro viSe ema kahevuM sAcuM nathI ke rASTravAdano nItine amala karavAno prayatna karI rahyA che te keTalAMke dhArmika khyAla emane videzI zAsanane pariNAme ja 'pA' zo che. paraMparAne zAsanataMtramAM viziSTa darajajo Ave che. A ochAmAM e mArI prajA mATe te e sAcuM nathI ja. samAjamAM videzI zarAnane gALe pazu pramANamAM vadhu yA enI viziSTa bhAMgalika paristhitine kAraNe barmAmAM sadIo e che rahyo che. pahelA rASTravAdI bhAvanAno vikAsa thaye hatuM. bhArata ane eziyA rASTravAdanI lAkSaNika cIna jevA zaktizALI paDozIo sAme potAnA vyaktitvane jALavI rAkhavA mATe barmA pahelethI ja sajAga rahyuM che." "bhAra. eziyana rASTravAdanA udbhavanI bAbata paraspara tamAM paNa evA vidvAnono eka varga che, je ema mAne che virodhI khyAle pravate che. ghaNA vidvAnonA abhiprAya mujaba ke rASTravAdano khyAla aMgrejonA Agamana pUrve paNa bhAratamAM rASTravAda e mULataH yuropiyana khyAla che. ane videzI zAsake pravartate hato, viSNupurANa bhAratanI bhaugolika sImAonuM pAsethI ja eziyana samAje e prApta thayela che. ethI yathArtha varNana karI jaNAve che ke bhAratanA saMtAnane A viruddha rASTravAdano uddabhava eziyAnI dharatI para ja thaye pradeza che. A prakAranA aneka vidhAno saMskRta sAhityamAMthI hovAnI mAnyatA keTalAka vidvAne dharAve che. videzI bhASA TAMkI zakAya. briTizAnA Agamana pUrve paNa bhAratamAM saM' kRtika ane saMskRtinA saMparkamAM Avela eziyane yuropanI rAjakIya ekatA pravartatI hatI ene InkAra na karI zakAya. aneka philasUphIthI prabhAvita thayA. pAzcAtya keLavaNInA mAdhyama dvArA sthAnika ane prAdezika paraMparAonI sAthe akhila bhAratIya pa rANe bhAratanI bhaugolika sImA yA che. ethI yathArtha va viruddha rASTravAdane urdUbhava eziyAnI Jain Education Intenational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha dhoraNe vikaselI brAhmaNa - zramaNa paraMparA bhAratane sAMskRtika ekatA ape che. A sAMskRtika ekatAnuM rUpAMtara rAjakIya ekatAmAM karavAnA keTalAka prayAso paNa thayA hatA. paraMtu AvI rAjakIya ekatA pAchaLa prajAnI vayabhAvanA karatA samrATanI mahatvAkAMkSA vadhAre javAbadAra hatI. vaLI te dI kALa pata TakI zakI paNa na heAtI. Ama bhAratanI sAMskRtika ekatAnA nirmANa karavAno khyAla te samaye prabaLa na haeNto. ApaNe eTaluM tA kabUla karavuM ja rahyuM ke bhAratanI rAjakIya ekatAnI pAyApara rAjakIya nirmANu sabhAnatA briTiza zAsanakALa daramyAna tIvra banI. rASTravAdane pASaka evI keTalIka para parA JA bhAratamAM ane eziyAnA keTalAka samAjemAM astitva dharAvatI hatI, paraMtu e suSupta paraparAone sakriya ane cetanavaMtI banAvavAmAM videzI zAsane mahatvanA phALe ApyA che. yuropanA ane dakSiNa eziyAnA rASTravAda vacce rahelI samAnatAo ane bhinnatAonI noMdha levI jarUrI che. (8) renesAM, rephamezana ane enalAiTanamenTa dvArA yuropamAM je bauddhika krAMtie AvI teNe tarkavAdI valaNAne protsAhana ApyuM. AthI canuM prabhuttva nabaLu paDayuM. madhyakAlIna sAmatazAhI rAjya vyavasthAne sthAne pramANamAM sthira ane zaktizALI rAjyA astitvamAM AvyA. romana ketholika carcanA baMdhanamAMthI mukti meLavavA mATe yuropanA dezomAM caLavaLo zarU thaiA Ama yuropamAM rASTravAdanA udbhava dhArmika paraMparA sAthenA saMghamAMthI thayA. eziyana samALemAM paristhiti ghaNI bhinna hatI. eziyana prajAnA dharma tenA videzI rAjya kartAonA dhathI bhinna heAvAne kAraNe rASTravAdanA vikAsamAM eNe eka prAtsAhaka paribaLa tarIke bhAga bhajavyeA. jo ke yuropamAM paNa keTalAka kissAomAM dharma rASTravAdane poSaka rahyo che. raziyana vasva sAme peAlAMDamAM thayelI caLavaLamAM rAmana kethelika dhame preraNAtmaka bhAga bhajavyeA hate. evI ja rIte TakI nA IslAmI Adhipatya sAmenI laDatamAM bAlkana rAjyAe khristI dharmabhAvanAnA sahAro lIdhA hatA. paraMtu ekadare yurepiyana rASTravAda vadhAre tarkavAdI ane dharmanirapekSa rahyo che, jyAre rASTravAda tenI sAmAjika-sAMskRtika bhUmikA anusAra dharma ane rAjanItinA sa zrleSaNamAMthI pAtAnI jAtane mukta karI zakayA nathI. yuropanI jema dakSiNa tathA dakSiNu pUrva eziyAmAM paNa rASTravAdanA khyAlo prArabhamAM vidvAnA pUratA ja maryAdita hatA. Ama janatAmAM eneA phelAvo bahu moDethI thayeA. phrAMsanI rAjya krAMtie tathA nepeAliyananA yudhdhoe rASTravAdanI vicAra saraNIne yuropamAM sAkAra banAvI. paDozI dazA sAthenA yudhdhAmAMthI ke pachI peAtAnA ja dezanI bahumati yA laghumati sAthenA saMgha mAMthI yuropiyana rASTravAde janma lIdho. yuro piyana rASTravAdanA vikAsa vidyApaka rASTrabhAvanAnA AdhAra Jain Education Intemational 689 para thayo che jyAre eziyAmAM videzI zAsakone huDAvavAnI niSedhAtmaka bhAvanA para rASTravAdanA maDAgu thayA. vidhAyaka deza prema eziyana rASTravAdanI AdhAra zIlA hatI. evA dAvA bhAgye ja karI zakAya. jo ke videzIo pratyeno tiraskAra pazcima eziyAmAM jeTaleA tIvra che teTalA dakSiNa tathA dakSiNa pUrva eziyAmAM nathI barmA ane InDonezIyAmAM enu pramANu kaMika vizeSa che. paraMtu bhArata, pAkistAna, zrIlaMkA maleziyA tathA philipAinsamAM enu pramANa ghaNuM alpa che. AveA tiraskAra AmajanatAnI apekSAe buddhizALI vargomAM vadhAre hatA. videzI zAsakoe AmajanatAne je zAMti ane surakSA bakSI tathA temane dezI rAjyakartAonA zeSaNamAMthI mukata karI tethI temane ghaNI kadara hatI. yuropamAM navA madhyama varganA udayanI sAthe rASTravAdanA prA`bhAva sakaLAyelA che. eziyAmAM paNa madhyamavarga" rASTravAdane puraskartA heAvA chatAM kahevu joie ke jemane upalA staramAM mUkI zakAya evI vyakitaee rASTravAdI caLavaLanu netRtva lIdhu che, jyAM sudhI rASTravAdI AMdolananuM netRtva pAzcAtya keLavaNI pAmelA lokonA hAthamAM rahyuM tyAM sudhI eziyana rASTravAdenA yuropiyana lekhAza dhAraNa karyAM paraMtu jyArathI rASTravAdanA pravAhumAM nIcalA madhyama varganA loka paNa joDAvA mAMDayA tyArathI tenA svarUpa ane vastumAM e kramaza: vadhu ne vadhu eziyana banato gayA. yuropamAM pharajIyAta zikSaNanI prathAM hovAthI rASTravAde gatizIlatA prApta karI phelAI kAraNa ke rASTravAdanA khyAleA cheka nIcenA stara sudhI zakayA. paraMtu eziyAmAM nirakSaratAnuM pramANu vadhu hAvAthI Ama janatAnu' bauddhika stara ghaNuM nIcuM rahyuM. AthI netAe ane prajA vacce meATI khAi rahI ane pariNAme eziyana rASTravAda yuropiyana rASTravAdanA jeTalI gatizIlatA prApta karI zakayA nahiM. yuropamAM rASTravAdanI laData daramyAna laghumatioe bahumatine pUratA sAtha ApyA che. paraMtu yureyiyana rASTravAde je sAmAjika ekatA siddha karI batAvI te eziyAmAM azakaya nI. jJAti, dharma ane prajAtinA bhedo eTalA tIvra hatA ke e bhedane miTAvI eziyanA sAmAjika ekatA prApta karI zakayA nahi. bahumati ane laghumati vaccenA bhede bahumukhI hatA. bhASA, dharma, prajAti, Arthika stara saMskRtika stara va. dareka bAbatamAM teo parasparathI jUdA paDatA hatA. dakSiNa pUrva eziyAmAM bhAratIya ane cAinIjha laghumatie kaThina samasyAe ubhI kare che. mAyAmAM malaya ane cAi nIjha vaccenA saghane kAraNe svataMtratAnA prazna ThelAyA karyAM bhAratamAM paNa hindu muslima samasyAe svAdhInatAnA A manamAM avarodha pedA karyAM bhAgalA pADI rAjya karavA videzI zAsakonI nItine kAraNe laghumati kAme mahad a

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390 rASTravAdanA pravAhathI alipta rahI ane videzI zAsakonA pallAmAM esI rASTravAdanA mArgamAM avarodhaka banI. yuropiyana rASTrava da enA prAraMbhamAM mAnavatAvAdI ane udAramatavAdI rahyo. paraMtu AgaLa jatAM e yuddhakhAra ane pratyAghAtI paNa anyA. i.sa 18 0 pachI rASTravAda jyAre enI parAkASTAe paDoMcyA tyAre enA mULa Adarzone bhUlI e zeSaNakhAra ane sAmrAjyavAdI paNa banyA. lokazAhInA khyAlA yurepiyana rASTravAde ghaNA meDA apanAvyA. paraMtu eziyAmAM rASTravAdanA prAraMbhanI sAthe ja lokazAhI. vicAra saraNInA svIkAra thayA hatA. autihAsika paristhitimAM rahelI mitratAne kAraNe eziyana rASTravAda AMtara--rASTrIya sahakAranA mArge AgaLa vadhI rahayA che. taTasthatAnI naheru prati nIti ane yaMcazIlanI bhAvanAe eziyana rASTravAdane Aja sudhI AkramaNakhera banatA aTakAvye che. eziyAnI bAki paraMparAonu` tulanAtmaka vizleSaNa hindu, baudhdha, islAma tathA romana kethelika-A cAre dhArmika para parAo dikSaNa tathA dakSiNa pUrva eziyanA eka yA ekathI vadhAre samAjemAM bahumati dharma tarIke pravarte che. bhArata ane nepALa hindu bahumati dharAve che. zrIlakA, khamAM thAilenDa, lAosa, koDiyA tathA viyeTanAmamAM audhdhe bahumatimAM che. jyAre pAkistAna, baMgalAdeza, inDoneziyA tathA maleziyA mAM musalamAnonI bahumati che philipAinsa spene traNaso varSAM sudhI rAjya karyuM, jene pariNAme tyAMnI lagabhaga 93 TakA prajAe rAmana kethelika dhama agIkAra karyA che. eziyana sAMskRtimAM dharma kendrasthAne hAvAthI samagra sAmAjika jIvana para dharmanA prabhAva spaSTa rIte vatI zakAya che. paraMtu A dharmAMnA AcAra--vicAramAM, saMsAra pratye vhevAnI temanI dRSTimAM, temanI mAnyatAnA svarUpamAM, dhArmi ka sahiSNutAmAM tathA temanA sadhaTanamAM bhAre taphAvatA rahelA che. A taphAvatAne kAraNe pratyeka dharma temanA dezanA sAmAjika ane rAjakIya jIvanane judI judI rIte prabhAvita kare che. sAmAnya rIte pratyeka dezanI saMskRti para te dezanA bahumati dharmAMnI gherI asara rahelI hoya che. dhama ane sa MskRtine parasparathI spaSTa rIte bhinna pADavA muzkela che, kAraNake emanI vacce raheluM sa`zleSaNa atyaMta jaTila che. saMskRtinuM hArda gha DavAmAM tene nizcita AkAra ane dhyeya ApavAmAM te dezanI bahumati dhArmika para parA nirNAyaka bhAga bhajave che. dharmanira pekSatAnI nItine gaMbhIratApUrvaka anusaratA rAjyamAM paNa dhArmika bahumati dharAvatA jUthanuM varcasva ane netRtva bahu spaSTa rIte joI zakAya che. (9) hindudharma janma-mRtyunA cakramAMthI chUTI meAkSanI prAptine jIvananA parama dhyeya mAnyA che. A dhyeyanI prApti mATe vyaktie peAtAnI jAtane sa'sAranA aMdhaneAmAMthI mukta karavI eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 joI e vyaktinI AdhyAtmika unnati para bhAra mUkavA jatA hindudharma enA sAmUhika ane sAmAjika jIvananI keTaleka aMze upekSA karI che. jo ke varNAzrama vyavasthA dvArA eNe vyaktina ane samAjanA jInane eka cokkasa DhAMcAmAM mUkavAnA prayatna jarUra karyA paraMtu vyaktinA mokSanA khyAla kendramAM hAvAthI sAMsArika jIvananI agatyatA echI AMkavAmAM AvI. atha ane kAmane puruSArthA tarIke svIkAravAmAM AvyA, paraMtu tenI prApti dharmanA niyatraNa nIce ja karavAnI hatI. nivRttimAgI Ae te AmAM bhAre atireka karyAM. ane saMsArane mithyA mAnI sAMsArika jIvananI sa MpUrNa upekSA karI. sasAra pratyenA A prakArano abhigama dharmanirapekSa rAjakAraNa mATe ghaNA anurUpa banI zake. yuddhe saMsArane duHkhamaya mAnyA ane e duHkhamAMthI mukti pAmavAno mArga batAvyeA. karmanA baMdhanamAMthI chUTI nirvANanI prAptine bauddho jIvanane a Mtimadhyeya mAne che. nirvANanA uddeza paNa manuSyane mATe sAMsArika jIvana gauNa banAve che. Ama chavAM vyavahAramAM bauddhoe sAmAjika jIvananu agatya svIkAryuM' che, ane tethI saMsAra pratyenA temanA abhigama hindue karatAM kaMika judo paDe che. khristIdharma vyaktinI sAthe sAthe samAjanA uddAra upara paNa bhAra mUke che; ane tethI sAMsArika prazno taddana gauNa banI jatA nathI. paraMtu islAme saMsAranI vAstavikatAonI upekSA karI nathI. islAmI satrasarano prAraMbha mahumada payaMgabaranA janmathI nahiM temaNe je divase nArmika anubhUti prApta karI te divasathI paNa nahi, paraMtu jyAre emaNe ala-maDhInAmAM islAmI rajyanI sthApanA karI te divasathI gaguvAmAM Ave che. islAmamAM khalIphA dharmanA paNa vaDo hatA ane rAjyanA paNa vaDA hatA. ahIM dha ane rAjakAraNa vaccenA pragADha saMbaMdhaneA svIkAra thayA che. Ama A dharmanA sasAra pratyenA abhigamamAM bhinnatA hovAthI, dezanA rAjakAraNane teo judI judI rIte asara pahoMcADe che. anya dharmo pratyenA valaNeAnI khAkhatamAM paNa A cAreya dharmo vacce bhinnatA rahelI che. hindudharma Aja sudhI pracAravADhI(mizanarI) rahyo nathI. duniyAne hindu banAvavAnI mahutvAkAMkSA teNe kayAreya sevI nathI. vaLI hinduonI dRSTie vividha dharmo e Izvarane prApta karavAnA judA judA mArgo che." anya dharmA pratyeta A udAratAne kAraNe hindudharma atyaMta sahiSNu rahyo che. hinduonI A dhAmika sahiSNutA pazu mAnyatAnA AdhAra kevaLa zraddhA nahi paraMtu taka yukta vicA dharmAnirapekSa rAjakAraNa mATe sahAyaka che. bauddha dharmamAM dhArmika raNA che.' buddhanA spaSTa Adeza che ke koi paNa mAnyatAnA svIkAra eTalA mATe na karavA joie ke paraparAe tene Teke ApyA che cA vaDIloe tene anumedana ApyuM che ke pachI khuda budhdhe tenA upadeza ApyA che. tarkanI kaseATI para kasIne

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mRta saMdarbha graMtha jAte ja karI che. e che kata abhigama bIne dhikArIonuM eka tatva helI kheMcavAnI utsuka mATe pite ciya :vI zraddhA te ja mAnyatA vIkAra thavo joIe. satyanI prApti mAtra nIce gAmaDAnI carcane pAdarI. emanI vacamAM bizapa, Acapote ja karI che. e ro dAvo bedha dharma karato nathI bizapa vagere nAnA-moTA hoddA dharAvanAra dhArmika bhUmikAo. satyane meLavavAne A prakArano tarkayukata abhigama baudhdhane rahelI che. rAjyanA adhikArIonI sAthe samAMtara jatA dhArmika anya dharmo pratye pUratA sahiSNu banAve che. bauddha dharma ane adhikArIonuM eka taMtra hovAne kAraNe, remana kethelika cAravAdI hovA chatAM teNe haMmezA samajAvaTa dvArA ja dharma carca rAjya ane samAjane prabhAvita karI amuka hada sudhI parivartanane AgraDa rAkhyo che. ahiMsAmAM mAnanAra A dharma tenuM niyaMtraNa karavAmAM saphaLa thaI che. baudamAM paNa mana kadApi dharmapracAra mATe baLaprayoga karyo nathI. baudadhadharmanA kethelika carca sAthe sarakhAvI zakAya tevI saMghanI vyavasthA tatvajJAnanuM svarUpa tene anya dharmo pratye sahiSNu banAve che. che. thAIlenDamAM baudhdha bhikhkhaone saMdha atyaMta vyavasthita taMtra dharAve che. bauddha dharmane vaDo "saMdharAja'nA nAmathI IslAma ane khristI dharma prAraMbhathI ja pracAra vAdI oLakhAya che, jenI niyukti rAjA kare che. saMgharAja dasa rahyA che. duniyAnA anya mAnava jA ane pitAnA vADAmAM mANasanI eka pariSada niyukta kare che jene vaDe 'saMghanAyaka kheMcavAnI utsukatA temaNe hamezAM dAkhavI che. vaLI vyaktinI tarIke oLakhAya che. saMdhanAyaka vaDA pradhAnanI jema dhArmika AdhyAtmika unnati mATe pote ci dhelA mArge anya dhae bAbatane vahIvaTa calAve che. Ama bhikhuone saMgha rAjacile bhAga karatAM vadhAre behatara che. evI zraddhA teo kIya kSetre sArI lAgavaga dharAvate hoI moTA bhAganA bauddha dharAve che. A kAraNe temane vadhu sAMsArika banavAnI tathA dezonA rAjakAraNane e asarakAraka rIte prabhAvita karI zake che. kyAreka rAjya sAthe ane anya dharmanA anuyAyIo sAthe saMna utaravAnI pharaja paDe che. dhArmika sahitAnI musalamAnamAM khalIphAnI saMsthA nAbUda thayA bAda ulemAbA:ta, IslAmane kama sauthI chelle Ave che. kurAnamAM ee keTalIka dhArmika javAbadArIo upADI lIdhI. dharma ane A viSe paraspara virodhI vidhAne najare paDe che. musala paraMparAnuM arthadhaTana e temanuM mukhya kArya che. paraMtu hiMdu mAnanI sAthe yahUdIo, khristIo ane sebiyano je alA- sAdhuo ane purohitenI jema muslima ulemAo paNa saMgahamAM, kyAmatamAM tathA zubha kAryomAM niSThA rAkhe to svarganA hita nathI. AmajanatAnI utkaTa dhArmika bhAvanAne kAraNe teo adhikArI banI zake. anya sthaLe A traNe varganA anu . thI samAjamAM sArI vaga dharAve che. paraMtu rAjya sAthe saMgharSamAM ene kApharonA varga mAM mUkavAmAM AvyA che. ane temanI utaravA jeTalI tAkAta dharAvatA nathI. dhArmika saMgaThananI sAthe mitratA na rAkhavAno Adeza apAyo che. jyAM sudhI bAbatamAM hindudharmAnuM sthAna sauthI chelle che. hindu puroanya dhamIo IlAma na svIkAre athavA jajhiyAvero na hitenI ke saMnyAsIonI evI koI madhyastha saMsthA hindu bhare tyAM sudhI temanI sAthe laDI levAne Adeza paNa keTaleka samAjamAM astitva dharAvatI nathI ke jenA sabhyoe samAna sthaLe maLI Ave che. eka hAthamAM kurAna ane bIjA hAthamAM dhArAnuM pAlana karavAnuM hoya. hinduonI vividha dhArmika talavAra laI jehAda" mATe nIkaLI paDanAra musalamAnanuM je vidhio gore, purohita, paMDita, jyotiSio, sAdhuo, bIbAMDhALa pratika ApaNe tyAM pravarte che. e satyathI ghaNuM kathAkAra, kitanakAro vagere bajAve che. A badhI dhArmika dara che. paraMtu vyavahAramAM anya dharmo pratye teo samAnatAno bhUmikAone saMga Thata karavAne kAI prayAsa thaye nathI, De. saMbaMdha keLavI zakyA nathI. AthI jyAM musalamAna bahuma- ghue purohitone prazikSaNa ApI temanI eka kendrIya saMsthA timAM che. tyAM teo islAmane rAjadharma banAvavAne Agraha sthApavAnuM sUcana karyu che. bhAratanA bhUtapUrva vaDA nyAyamUti rAkhe che. paraMtu jyAM teo laghumatimAM hoya che tyAM bahumati kekA subbArAve paNa kaMIka A ja prakAranuM sUcana karyuM hatuM. sAthe salaka I bharyA saMbaMdho vikasAvavAmAM muzkelI anubhave keTalAMka varSo pahelAM sthapAyelI "vizva hiMdu pariSade " hinduche. alabatta. AmAM keTalAka apavAda jarUra che. keTalAka ane dhArmika dhoraNe saMgaThita karavAno prayatna karI rahI che, khristI saMpradAye paNa rahiSNutAnI bAbatamAM che2lAmathI paraMtu emAM ene keTalI saphaLatA maLaze e kahevuM muzkela bahu bhina nathI. pa gIjha temanI dhArmika asahiSNutA che. dhArmika bhUmikA bhajavAtI vyakitaomAMthI TecanA cheDA mATe jANItA hatA dhArmika netAone bAda karatA, bAkInA leke pratye keI vizeSa AdaranI jaNAtI nathI. zikSita vargamAM A dhArmika netAo upayakta dharmomAM saMgaThananI mAtrA va re yA ochA khAsa kaI prabhAva jamAvI zakayA nathI. AthI bhAratanA rAja pramANamAM jovA maLe che. romana ketholika ane bauddho je kAraNamAM dhArmika kSetranA netAo koI nirNAyaka asara nIpaprakAranuM saMghaThana UbhuM karI zakyA che tevuM saMghaThana hindu dharma nathI zakyA nathI. te jAvI zakyA nathI. (1) (11) ke islAmamAM nathI. romana kethalika carca eDa karazAhI taMtranI jema uparathI nIce sudhI dhArmika padAdhikArIonuM sAmAjika saMsthAonuM svarUpa ghaDavAmAM dhama agatyane suvyavasthita taMtra dharAve che. sauthI upara pipa ane sauthI bhAga bhajave che. purohito ke saMnyAsionuM kaI kendrIya Jain Education Intemational

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jUtha vidhya bAhaya jUthane khyAla uparathI nIce mALakhuM puruM pADe che paraMtu jo eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 saMgaThana na hovA chatAM hindudhameM tenI varNavyavasthA ane rASTravAdI caLavaLanA prAraMbhika tabakkAmAM dharmamAMthI preraNA jJAtivyavasthA dvArA tathA sAmAjika jIvanane niyaMtrita karatI meLavavA prayatna karyo che. A hakIkatane samajAvavA mATe saMhitAo dvArA sAmAjika saMsthAonuM varUpa nirdhArita vili va ma grehAma sastare rajU karela atyaMtara jUtha vidhya karyuM che. islAma paNa zaricata dvArA musalamAna nI sAmAjika bAya jUthane khyAla upayogI nIvaDaze. je jUthanI sAthe vyavasthAne eka vistRta mALakhuM pUruM pADe che paraMtu baudhdha ApaNe saMgharSamAM utaravuM paDe che e jUtha je je bAbatamAM dharma pitAnA anuyAmIone sAmAjika jIvanane niyaMtrita ApaNA juthathI juduM paDatuM hoya enA upara bhAra mUkavAthI karavAne pramANamAM ghaNe e che prayatna kare che. bauddhadharmanI bahaya-jUtha pratyenA ApaNA virodhane vadhu sAkAra ane gheravAi zAkhAne anusaratA samAje Adhunika pAzcAtya samAje saMgaThita banAvI zakAya che. videzI zA ke sAmenA AjhAdI jevA che. hindu yA IslAmI kAnUna sAthe sarakhAvI zakAya nA jaMgane vadhu baLavAna banAvavAmAM dhArmika bhinnatA e kaI bAMdhadharma mAM kauTumbika jIvana mATe yA lagna mATe mahatvanI jaNAtA A dezamAM enA u 2 vizeSa bhAra mUkA kaI dhArmika vidhinI jogavAI nathI. lagnanI vidhi kuTu banI haze. rASTravAdIoe be judAM judAM ketuodhI dhana Azraya vaDIla vyakti dvArA karavAmAM Ave che ane te dhAmika gaNAtI lIdhuM che. keTalIka vyakita ane ja mukhya dhArmika nathI. paraMtu kSaurakarma ane aMtyeSThi dhArmika vidhio che ane bhAvanAthI prerAIne emAM joDAyA haze, emane mATe dhArmika baudhdha bhikhuone hAthe e karavAmAM Ave che. romana kethe- mUlyo sApari che, dharma e ja rASTrano prANa che temane lika mATe lagna eka dhArmika saMskAra che ane anya sAmA mATe dharma kevaLa eka sAdhana nathI paraMtu sAdhya che. bIjI jika saMsthAone paNa e niyaMtrita karavAno prayatna kare che. bAju evI vyaktio ane juthe paNa hatA jeo dharmane paraMtu preTesTa A bAbatamAM dharmanA prabhAvamAM thI aMzataH eka uttama ane asarakAraka sAdhana gaNIne ene Azrama mukta banI zakyA che. letA hatA. dharma pratyone temano abhigama upayogitAvAdI hate rASTravAdI caLavaLane NavAna banAvavA mATe dhama dhArmika paraMparAonI A tulanAtmaka carcA uparathI upayogI jaNAtA temaNe rASTravAda upara dharmane raMga caDAvya. e spaSTa thAya che ke samAjane ane rAjyane prabhAvita karavAnI yA niyaMtrita karavAnI bAbatamAM A dhame ekamekathI judAM - rAjakAraNa hamezAM potAnA lakSyanI siddhi mATe tamAma sAdhanonI sAthe dharmano paNa upayoga karI le che. sisTa AjhAdInI laData daramyAna rASTravAda para dharmanA prabhAvaH zAsakee jarmanI tathA ITAlimAM potAnI sattAne majabUta banAvavA mATe dharmane upayoga karyo hate AjenTinAmAM videzI zAsana daramyAna eziyana samAjamAM UbhA perone tathA ITAlimAM mulinIe cacane A rIte upayoga thayelA rASTravAdanuM vidhaSaNa karatAM jaNAvyuM che ke prAraMbhanA karyo hate. musalinI pate nirIzvaravAdI have jayAre ene tabakkAmAM rASTravAdanuM svarUpa ghaDavAmAM dharma agatyano bhAga pratispadhI Dena luigI e dharmAnurAgI kethalika hate. bhajavyo che. khAsa karIne vIsamI sadInA pahelA be dAyakA Ama chatAM cace TuranI viruddha musolinIne Teko Apyo e daramyAna rASTravAdI caLavaLo dharmathI khUba prabhAvita rahI. hate. (13 raziyAnI sAmyavAdI sarakAra prAraMbhamAM carcAnI paraMtu tyAra pachI kramaza : dharmane prabhAva osarata . virudha hatI ane carcane nabaLI pADavA mATe temaNe aneka A ghaTanAkrama bhArata, barmA tathA InDoneziyAmAM vizeSa tarIke pratibaMghe lAvyA hatA. carca enI samRha -prArthanA ejI Ave che. rASTravAda ane dharma vaccenA sahasaMbaMdhane samajAvavA na zake eTalA mATe ravivAranI rajA na buda karI kAmadArone mATe eka evI sAmAnyanA upakalpanA sUcavI zakAya ke saptAhamAM koI paNa eka divasa rajA ApavAnI paddhati dAkhala jayAre rAjyakartAone dhama zAsita prajAnA dharma karatAM karavAmAM AvI. A sivAya paNa bIjA aneka upAye dvArA bhinna hoya che tyAre vide.. rAjyakartAo sAme pI laDatamAM dhArmika pravRttinuM damana karavAnA prayatna thayA. paraMtu 1935 dharma agatyano bhAga bhajavI zake che. paraMtu jyAre zAsake pachI A pratibaMdha kamazaH haThAvavAmAM AvyA. 1954 mAM ane zAsita samAna dharma pALatA hoya che tyAre rASTrIya nikitA kove je vartamAnapatro ane rAjapuruSa pAdarIonI AMdolanamAM dhama sivAyanA anya paribaLe je temane tathA dharmanA anuyAyIonI apamAnajanaka TIkA karatA hatA zAsakathI judA pADatA hoya jevAM ke bhASA, prajAti yA temanI pratye jAheramAM pitAne roSa prakaTa karyo hate. (14) Arthika zeSaNa vagere upara vizeSa bhAra mUkavAmAM Ave che. sAmyavAdI rAjakartAo samajI gayA hatA ke je lekone temanI dakSiNa tathA dakSiNa-pUrva eziyAnA samAjone Adhunika dhArmika bhAvanAo pragaTa karavAnI pUratI taka ApavAmAM Ave itihAsa tapAsatA A upaka9panAne puSTi maLe che. to temanI pAsethI rAjyane mATe vadhu sAro sahakAra prApta bhArata, barmA tathA InDoneziyAmAM judI judI dhArmika karI zakAya. A nIti sAmyavAdI vicArasaraNI sAthe susaMgata paraMparAo pravarte che. Ama chatAM traNe samAjoe temanI na hovA chatAM te jarUrI jaNAtAM tene apanAvavAmAM AvI Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 693 haze. dakSiNa - pUrva eziyAmAM paNa sAmyavAdI caLavaLe loke abhAve rASTravAdanA pracAra mATe kai mAdhyama nahetu' AvI nI dhArmika bhAvAnane paDakAravAnI hi'mata dAkhavI nathI. upa-paristhitimAM rASTrIya ekatA mATe dharmanA Azraya levAmAM Ave e svAbhAvika hatuM, 1914mAM sarakata islAmanA eca. e. esa. jokemineTa e kamUla kayu" hatu ke " amArI caLavaLa dharmone sAmAjika ekatAnA eka mahu tvanI paribaLa tarIke svIkAre che." yukta hakIkato parathI sajAze ke keAI paNa rAjakIya caLavaLa pAtAnA uddezonI prApti mATe jarUra jaNAya te dharmanA upanetA yAga karI levAmAM bAdha samajatI nathI. videzI zAsakeAnI sAme janazaktine jAgRta karavAnA AzayathI ja rASTravAdI AMdolanAmAM dharmanA Azraya levAmAM Avye huze. inDoneziyA inDoneziyAnA loko saDhIe sudhI hindu, baudhdha, muslima ane Daca lokonA zAzana heThaLa raDI cUkayA che. inDo neziyA lagabhaga be hajAra jeTalA nAnA - moTA TApuone banelA deza che. A badhA TApuemAM echAmAM chAtrIsa jeTalA sAmAjika--sAMskRtika jAthA vase che Daca zAsanane pariNAme samagra InDoneziyA eka rAjakIya ekama banI zakayu Ama bhAratanI jema inDoneziyAne paNa enI rAjakIya ekatA ApanAra dezI zAzaka hatA. vIsamI sadInA prAraMbhe inDoneziyAmAM eka meTI arma jAgRti AvI. khristI videzI zAsakothI potAne alaga pADavA mATe temaNe islAmamAM Do rasa levA mAMDaye inDoneziyAnA 90% leke musalamAna hovA chatAM temanA samAja ane saMskRti para hindu tathA baudhdha dharmAMnI UMDI asara hatI. khristI zAsako sAmenI eka pratikriyA tarIke teo islAma tarapha vadhu ne vadhu DhaLavA mAMDayA inDoneziyA samAjamAM bhASA ane saMskRtinI dRSTie bhAre vividhatA pravartatI hatI. paraMtu ghaNA moTA bhAganA lAke musalanAna hAvAthI temane ekatAnA sUtru bAdhavAmAM dharma upakAraka banI zake tema hatA. videzI zAsakA sAme saMgaThita thavA mATe temaNe islAmanA Azraya lIdhA. A arasAmAM madaresA enI tathA hajayAtrIonI saMkhyAmAM bhAre vadhAro noMdhAyA aneka yuvAne TukI ane arebIyAmAM abhyAsArthe jatA ane unnata dhabhAvanA sAthe pAchA pharatA muhammada nAmanI zaikSaNika saMsthAe dhAmika sAMskRtika jAgRti lAvavAmAM anekAraNe rASTranI bhAvanA temanAmAM pahelethI ja rASTravAdI caLavaLane preraNA ApavAmAM mahatvano phALo ApyA videzI ane vidhamI zAsake sAme saMgaThita thavA mATe islAme eka bhAvanAtmaka AdhAra pUro pADayeA ane mahutvakAMkSI rAjakIya netAonA hAthamAM eka asarakAraka hathiyAra mUkI ApyuM. zarUAtamAM inDoneziyana prajAmAM rASTrIya bhAvanAnA abhAva hatA. te saMkucita prAMtIya valaNA dharAvatA hatA ' khUDI uTAme| ' ane sarakata islAma jevA rASTravAdI juthe jAvAnIjha rASTravAdanA himAyatI hatA. pUrvanA TApuomAM alagatAnI bhAvanA nirmANa thaI hatI. samAna bhASAnA inDoneziyana prajAnI dRSTie IslAma eka zreSTha dharma hatA. islAmI paraMparAnAM musalamAneA paranA kAphenA zAsanane asahya gaNavAmAM Ave che. Ama temanI dharmabhAvanA ja temane khristI dhasI Daca zAsako sAme vidroha uDAvavAnI preraNA ApatI hatI. khristI dharma aMgIkAra karanAra vyakti videzIenA khAMdhiyA gaNAtA ane rASTriya pravAhamAMthI phUMkAi jatA. A prakAranA valaNane lIdhe InDoneziyAmAM khristI dharmanA pracAra muzkela banyA. khristI mizanarIe Daca zAsana mATe IslAmane eka meTA bhaya gaNatA hatA ane tethI islAmane nAkhUda karavAnI himAyata karatA hatA. rASTrIya cetanAnA vikAsamAM dharmanuM mahatva svIkAranArAAmAM paraMparAvAdIo paNa hatA ane AdhunikatAvAdIo paNa hatA yukrepiyana zikSaNa pAmelAe paNa islAmanA mAdhyama dvArA peAtAnA rASTavAdI vicArene pracAra karavAnuM pasaMda karatAM lokazAhInA tathA sAmyavAdanA samakA paNa potAnA vicAre nI prasTimAM kurAnanI sUrAe TAMkatA. potAnA rAjakIya vicArAnA pracAra mATe para'parAvAdIonI jema tee paNu zukravAranI namAja pachInI sabhAne upayoga karatA. barmA barmAnI paristhiti inDoneziyA karatAM ghaNI judI hatI i.sa. 1885mAM samagra bamAM briTiza zAsrana heThaLa AvyuM. Ama barmAmAM videzI zAsananA gALA pramANamAM bahu TUMka hatA. barmAnA loko bhASA, dharma, prajAti, autihAsika para parA vagerenI daSTie je samAnatA dharAvatA hatA tene astitva dharAvatA hatI. barmAnI mukhya prajAti amana baudhadhama dhALatI hatI. ladhumati prajAtIya jUthomAM paNa badhdhadhanA anuyAyIo hatA. keTalIka parvatIya AdivAsI jAtione khristI banAvavAmA videzI mizanarIe saphaLa thayA hatA, paraMtu teo baudhdhAne potAnA dharmAMmAM AkaSI zakayA nahi. ana leAka mATe baudhdha hevu. svabhAvika maNAtuM. keAI banane tenI prajAti viSe pUchavAmAM Ave to e pAtAnA Atane baudhdha tarIke ja oLakhAvatA briTiza zAsana pUrve baudhama barmAne rAjadhama gaNAtA. khaM dhaMdhanA ane rakSaNa ane pracArane khamI ja rAjAe petAnI pavitra ja samajatA. AthI barmAnA rASTavAdIoe vidhamI' rAjayakartA

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratI amitA bhAga-2 onA AkramaNa sAme bauddha dharmanuM rakSaNa karavAnuM sUtra bhArata gAjatuM karyuM. dezI khristIone videzI zAsakenA ejanTa mAnI temanI pratye zaMkAnI najare jovAmAM AvatuM barmana bhAratIya rASTravAdanA dharma sAthenA saMbaMdhe atyaMta rASTravAdInI daSTie eka sArA barmana thavA mATe baudhdha hovuM gADha rahyA che. hindudharma ane iralAma banene videzI khriratI sattA sAmene saMgaThita vidroha sattAvananA viplavamAM jarUrI hatuM. vIsamI sadInA prAraMbhe amIjha prajAmAM dhArmika pravR najare paDe che. alabatta, sattAvananA viplavanI pAchaLa aneka ttinuM pramANa ekAeka vadhavA mAMDyuM. dhArmika pustakonA kAraNe hatA. A kAraNomAM dhArmika preraNA paNa eka maDaprakAzanamAM tathA yogI nAmathI oLakhAtA baudhdha sAdhuonA tvanuM kAraNa gaNI zakAya. sattAvananA viplavanI pAchaLa rA Iya vyAkhyAnamAM moTo vadhAro noMdhAye. 1906mAM "yaMgamensa cetanA kAma karI rahI hatI evuM puravAra kazvAno prayatna sva. vI. DI. sAvalkare karyo che. jene ghaNA vidvAno asvIkAra budhisTa esesiyezana" (vAya. ema bI. e) nAmanI eka kare che. aneka rAjavIo pitApitAnA vyakitagata svArtha nI saMsthAnI sthApanA thaI. A saMsthAe baudhdhane saMgaThita karI siddhi mATe emAM joDAyA hatA e kharuM paraMtu e badhAne temane mATe samAcAra patro ane mAsika prasiddha karavAnuM zarU karyuM. 1908mAM budhisTa propege-DA sAyaTI"nI paNa eka sUtre bAMdhanAra tattva je kyAta na hota to A viplave kadApi moTuM svarUpa dhAraNa karyuM na hota; videzI gorAone sthApanA thaI jeNe "mirAnarI jhIlathI baudhadhama nA pracAranuM kAma upADyuM. pitAnA dezanI saMskRti kaI videzIonI hAMkI kADhavAnI niSedhAtmaka bhAvanAnI sAthe madhyakAlIna bhArasaMskRti karatAM kama nathI e vizvAsa prajAmAM nirmANa karavA tIya rAjya vyavasthAnI punasthapinAno vidhAyaka AdhAra enI pAchaLa hato ja. sattAvananA viplavanI niSphaLatA pachI bhAramATe teoe barmAnI bhUtakAlIna paraMparAo tarapha lekonuM dhyAna tamAM je dhArmika punarutthAnane yuga Aje teNe rASTravAdane deravA mAMDayuM. bhUtakAlIna paraMparAomAM dhama kendrasthAne dharmabhAvanAthI prabhAvita karyo Arya samAja, vicArophI ane hovothI rASTravAdI vicArasaraNI upara dhama nA vAdhAM caDAvavA rAmakR Na mizananI pravRttio dhArmika hovA chatAM eNe bhArajarUrI hatA. tanA dharma ane saMskRti mATe svAbhimAnanI bhAvanA jagADI yaMgamensa budhi esosiyezana prAraMbhamAM eka svAmi vivekAnaMda kevaLa eka dhArmika netA na hatA. temaNe sAhityika saMsthA gaNAtI hatI. baudharmanA tahevArone divase vedAnanI sAthe sAMskRtika dravAdane paNa upadeza Apyo nizALe baMdha rAkhavAnI temanI mAga kabUla karAvavA mATe temane purAtatvavidoe bhAratanA bhavya bhUtakALane paricaya ApI sarakAra sAthe saMgharSamAM utaravuM paDyuM. paraMtu tyAra pachI sara rASTrIya asmitAne sateja banAvI. videzI tathA vidhamI kAra samakSa potAnI vividha. prakAranI phariyAdo raju karavA sattAne mukAbale karavAmAM A dhArmika ane sAMskRtika parimATenuM e mAdhyama banI gaI. 1916 sudhI briTIza sarakAra sarakAra baLAe agatyano bhAga bhajavyo che. pratye A saMsthA pitAnI vaphAdArI pragaTa karatI rahI. paraMtu bAda sarakArane tenI pravRttio para zaMkA jatA sarakArI vIsamI sadInA prAraMbhe bhAratIya rATravAdIo traNa karmacArIone A saMsthAthI dUra rahevAne hukama karavAmAM AvyA. jUthomAM vahe cAyelA hatA vinitavAdIo uddAmavAdAe 191 thI 1920 daramyAna vAya. ema. bI. e no bhAre phelAvo ane AtaMkavAdIo vinitArI, I. cha hajAra jeTalA gAmamAM enI zAkhAo sthapAI. prabhAvita hatA. dharmanirapekSa rAjakAraNanA himAyatI hatA briTiza sarakAra samakSa eNe potAnI aneka mAgo raju karI, jo ane baMdhAraNIya mALe rAjakIya hakaka prApta karavA mAgatA ke e mAgano sAmAnyataH sarakAre asvIkAra ja kayA hatA. vAya. ha .. uddAmavAdIo pU 2varAjanA himAyatI hatA ane ema. bI. e.na taMtra para dhIme dhIme bodha bhikhuonI pakaDa temanI prIya bhAvanAmAM A A vadhavA mAMDI. A saMsthAnI pravRttiomAMthI ja bamanI rASTravAdI dezAbhimAnanI sAthe temaNe temanI rASTravAdI vicArasaraNI caLavaLano janma thaye. 1920 mAM janara ka kAuMsila opha para dhArmika ane AdhyAtmika raMga caDAve. AMtakaamIjhae sesiyamana (jI; bI. sI. e) nAmanI rASTravAdI vAdIonI pAse koI spaSTa rAjakIya philasUphI na hatI. teo saMsthAnI sthApanA thai je vAstavamAM vAya, ema. bI. e.nuM AjhAdInA divAnA hatA. A jUthamAM je aneka krAMtikArI ! ja saMtAna hatuM. jI. sI. bI. e.nuM netRtva zarUAtamAM thaI gayA temAMnA keTalAka raziyAnA sAmyavAdI Adela nathI gIoe karyuM. A saMsthAne zaheranI sAthe gAmaDAone prabhAvita hatA ane aspaSTa sama javAdI vicAro dharAvatA paNa Teke te. gAmaDAMomAM bhikhuone agatyane zakita- hatA. keTalAka arAjakatAvAdIo hatA te keTalAka dhArmIika zALI hovAthI barmAnA rAjakAraNamAM paNa bauddha bhikhuoe phAsTa rASTrevAdanA puraskartA hatA. 16) bhAga bhajavavA mAM 1931mAM briTiza ane bhAratIya vidhya jAgelA vidrohanuM saMcAlana mahada aMze baudhdha ogaNIsamI sadInA keTalAka baMgALI kavio ane bhikhuoe ja karyuM hatuM. sAhityakAroe (hemacandra, navinacandra, baMkimacandra vagere Jain Education Interational

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ane prAcIna deva-devIonA ja e jamIna na samajatA evA arcanA sAthe joDavAmAM mRti saMdarbha praya hindu paraMparAne anusarIne mAtRbhUmine eka devInA svarUpamAM dharmanI bhavyatA apI che" rASTravAdane je Adeza dharma dvArA nihALavAno prayatna karyo. hinduo durgA ane kAlinI mAtR pavitra karavAmAM Ave che ane prAcIna deva-devIonI pUjA zaktine pUje che. baMgALanA zAkta saMpradAyomAM AnuM vizeSa arcanA sAthe joDavAmAM Avyo che teNe rASTravAdIone Akajera hatuM. mAtRbhUmine eka nirjIva jamIna na samajatA,emAM bya kAraNa ke A khyAla videzI saMskRtine anukaraNamAMthI divyatAnuM AropaNa karI bhAratamAtAnI saMkalpanA UbhI kara- nahi paraMtu dezanI paraMparAomAMthI prApta thayela hatuM. temanA vAmAM AvI. ANu dhArmika pratakanA mAdhyama dvArA rASTrabhAvanA suprasiddha uttarapADA vyAkhyAnamAM temaNe kahyuM. " ApaNI A pragaTAvanAmAM AvI. loko rAselAIthI samajI zake ane utkaTa rASTrIya caLavaLa e kaI rAjakIya AMdolana nathI. rASTravAda bhAva anubhavI zake e rIte mUkAyelA A rASTravAdI khyAloe e dharma che. zraddhA che. huM e ja vAta Aje tamane bIjA prajAnA mAnasa upara jAduI asara karI. AthI AmajanatAne zabdomAM kahuM chuM....ApaNe mATe sanAtana dharma e ja rASTrarASTravAdanA pravAhamAM kheMcavAnuM kAma saraLa banyuM. ( Ama vAda che. hindu rASTrAno uddabhava sanAtana dharmanI sAthe thaye chatAM samAjane ghA meTo bhAga taTastha darzaka banIne A hate. sanAtana dharmanA vikAsanI sAthe hindu rASTra paNa vikAza AMdolanathI dUra rahyA che.) Ama karavA jatA bhAratIya rASTra- pAme che. jyAre sanAtana dharmanI avanati thaze tyAre hindu vAda e hindu rASTravAda banI gaye. Ane lIdhe AgaLa jatAM rASTranI paNa avanati thaze. ane je sanAtana dharmano nAza binahinduo ane khAsa karIne musalamAna bhAratIya rAThavAda thaI zake to A rASTrane paNa aMta AvI zake. sanAtana dharma nA pravAhathI alaga thaI gayA. e ja rASTravAda che. mAre tamane A ja saMdeze ApavAne che " zrI aravinda kahetA ke pAzcAtya saMskRtimAM je zreSTha che bALa gaMgAdhara tilaka A uddAmavAdI caLavaLanA eka te bhArate apanAvavuM joie, paraMtu tenuM AMdhaLuM anukaraNa tejasvI netA hatA. 1896 pachI briTiza sarakAra parathI emane karavAthI bhArata tenI sAMskRtika vaiyakitakatA gumAvI besaze. A vidhAsa ghaTavA mAMDayo ane teo pUrNa svarAjanA himAyatI parathI samajAze ke zrI aravindane rASTravAda e yuropiyana banyA. Ama janatA sudhI rASTravAdanI bhAvanAne phelAvavAnA rASTravAhanA jevo prAdezika yA rAjakIya nahi paraMtu dhArmika AzayathI emaNe evA sthaLe ane saMjoge pasaMda karyA ke ane sAMskRtika hate. jyAM prajA A bhAvanAne pUba jhaDapathI jhIlI zake. A mATe temaNe gaNezotsava tathA zivAjI-jayaMtinA utsane pasaMda philipAinsa ryA. 'kesarI" ane "marAThA" patro dvArA, temaNe rASTravAdane pracAra karavA mAMDyo. briTiza sarakAre temane mAMDalenI jelamAM philipAInsanI prajA lagabhaga traNa varSanA speniza keda karyA tyAre gItA para temanI suvikhyAta TIkA lakhI temaNe ane pacAseka varSanA amerikana zAsana heThaLa rahI che. pegItA dvArA paNa karmayogane ane rASTravAdane saMdeza Apyo. niza lekanA Agamana pahelA philipAinsanA TApuomAM tilakano pracAra eTalo prabhAvI hatI ke ethI AkarSAIne bhASA ane saMskRtinI daSTie eka bIjAthI alaga evI ekaaneka taraNo AtaMkavAdI mAga nA anuyAyI banyA. AthI trIsa jAtio vasatI hatI. philipAInsane enI rAjakIya briTiza patrakAra velenTAIna cile tilakane "bhAratIya azAM ane dhArmika ekatA ane speniza vijetAo pAsethI maLI tinA pitA' tarIke varNavyA che. tilakanI sAthe bipinacandra che. samAjanA upalA vargomAM speniza bhASA vyavahAranuM pAla ane lAlA lajapatarAyano paNa ullekha karavo joIe, madhyAma banI, paraMtu nIcalA vargomAM ene pracAra thaI zakaze kAraNa ke 'lAla-bAla-pAlanI A tripuTI tAtkAlIna rAkhyuM naDi. keTalAka uDAma rASTravAdIo ema mAnatA hatA ke - vAdI AMdolananI trimUrti hatI. baMga-bhaMganI caLavaLe dra niyADanA Agamana pahelA philipAInsanA leka pAse temane bhAvanAne parAkASTAe pahoMcADI rASTrIya cetanAne baLavAna pitAne dhama hatuM. paraMtu speniza vijetAoe temanuM banAvI. A caLavaLanA eka pratibhAzALI netA hatA zrI dharmAtara karI temane kethalika banAvyA hatA. dhamAla aravinda gheSa. philipAInsanI rASTrIya caLavaLamAM dhama nirNAyaka banI zrI aravinda ghoSa ane zrI bipinacandra pAla Adhya zake ema nahote kAraNa ke ahIM zAsaka ane zAsita tmika rASTravAdanA mukhya praNetA hatA. dezabaMdhu dAse zrI ara samAna dhama nA anuyAyI hatA. AthI je paristhiti bhArata vidane dezabhakitanA kavi ane rASTravAdanA payagaMbara' tarIke barmA ane inDoneziyAmAM sarjAi te ahIM ubhI thaI zakI oLakhAvyA che. be kimacandranI prazaMsA karatA zrI aravinda nahi. zAsakene potAnA jUthanI alaga pADatI vakhate teo jaNAve che ke, "mAtRbhUmi e kaMI jamInano TukaDo nathI dharmanA paribaLane upayoga karI zake tema na hatA, samAna yA manuSyonuM ToLuM nathI paNa te eka divya zakita che. ema dhamI hovA chatAM prajAtIya dRSTie philiyine speniyADaeNthI kahI baMkime dezanI sarvocca sevA bajAvI che ane dezabhaktine judAM hatAM Ama raMgabhedane AdhAre philipine e pitAnA Jain Education Intemational

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696 samAjane spenizcethI viruddha saMghaTita karavAnA prayatna karyAM. 1897mAM eka speniza pAdarI lakhe che. 66 ' philipAinsanA lekamAM vAnAnA jevI - gAliyata bharI saDujavRttio rahelI che. spena athavA spenanA sAdhue emanA prajAtIya lakSaNone badalI zake niha. kAraNa ke te ApaNA karatA ghaNI utaratI keDiTanA che. ApaNe mATe ghaDAyelA kAyadAe emane lAgu pADavAnA kei artha nathI A lokAne je svataMtratA che. " 18 speniza pAdarIe phili pAinsanA lAke tathA dezI pAdarIo sAthe je gustAthi bharyo vyavahAra karatA hatA ethI lipsinA ra TrevAdIne pAtAnA ivarAdha AkramaNane speneiza sAdhue para kendrIta karyuM. teoe kadApi ketheAlika dharma yA enI mAnyatAo sAme virodha rahevA pragaTa karyAM nathI speniza sadhuee temane sa`skArI banAvyA che. eve spenizeAnA dAvA temane teo kahetA ke amane saMskArI banAvavAmAM pAdarIene khAsa rasa nathI kAraNa ke e temanA dunyavI hateAnI vidhdha che. sa philipAinsanA rASTravAdIe pAdarI mAne virodha karatI vakhate temanAmAM pravatA dUSaNo tarapha AMgaLI cIMdhatA hatA kayAreka vAstavikatAnI sAthe kalpanAne joDI tee A duSaNNAnI eka bihAmaNuM citra raju karatA. paraMtu Ama karatI vakhate dezI pAdarIomAM pravartatA duSaNA pratye AMkha miMcAmaNA karatA. vAstavamAM paradezI zAsaka sAmenA pAtAnA roSa pragaTa, karavA mATe temaNe pAdarIonA jUthane pasaMda karyuM hatuM. dezI pAdarIone paNa spenisa pAdarIonI bhedabhAva bharI nItinA bhAga banavuM paDayu hatu eTale tee pazu rASTravAdIe sAthe bhaLyA hatA. AgaLa jatAM AmAMnA ghaNA dezI pAdarIoe kethelika saMpradAyane tyAga karyAM hatA. speniza pAdarI AmAM pravartatA vyabhicAranI aneka vAto lokomAM phelAyelI hatI speniza sAdhuenA jAtIya skhalananA udADuraNA ApI emanA gerakAyade satAnAnI eka yAdI paNa rASTravAdIoe prasiddha karI hatI. eka speniza pAdarI mATe ema kahevAtu' ke ene 160 patnIo ane 500 saMtAno hatA. speniza pAdarIone hAthe philipAinsanA lokonuM Arthika zeSaNa paNa thatuM jamIne paDAvI levI, dezI loko pAse veTha karAvavI, ceAkhAnA pAkanA intarA para pAtAnuM niyaMtraNa rAkhavuM vagere. TApuo paranuM rAjakIya vaCrava paNa sarakArI amaladArA karatA A pAdarIe ja vadhu bhAgavatA. romana ketholikAmAM pravartatI * kasana ' ( pApanI kabUlAta )nI dhArmika kriyAne bahAne teo jarUrI mAhiti ekaDI karI letA ane enA upayoga karI dezI lokone kanaDatA pAdarIone hAme kheDUte nu zeSaNa thatu hovAthI kethelika carca ane kheDUto vacce lALA saMgha cAlyA. philipAinsanA lokoe mAgelA Arthika ane rAjakIya sudhArAone speniza zAsanakartAe ThukarAvatA rahayA hatA. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 AthI rASTravAdIomAM krAMtikArI vicAra dharAvatA leAkenu jora vadhavA mAMDayuM. je rijhAla jevA sudhArAvAdI netAe bahu sidhdhinA meLavI zakayA. 'kAtipUnana' nAmanI nIcalA caLavaLane judo ja vaLAMka ApyA. rASTravAdIonA hiMsaka madhyama varganA lokonI anekSI krAtikA saMsthAe rASTrIya baLavAne dabAvI devAmAM AvyA. chatAM 1898mAM speniza amalanA aMta AvyeA ane amerikanenu zAsana zarU thayuM. amerikana zAsana zarU thayA pachI kethelika carcanI Arthika eka moTo lAbha e thayA ke lokonA kethalika carcA pratyeno ane rAjakIya sattAnA aMta ANye. AthI kethelika carca ne zamI gaye. amerikaneAnI nIti ghaNI udAratA bharI ane te dhama nirapekSa rAjakAraNamAM mAnatA hevAthI philipAinsanA lokonI ghaNI phirayAdo dUra thai ane teo zAMtimaya rIte zAMtimaya rIte svAdhInatA prApta karI zakayA. rAjakAraNamAM dhama nA esaratA jatA prabhAva bhArata, amAM, inDoneziyA tathA philipAinsanI rASTrdhvavAdI caLavaLanu ApaNe je varSoMna karyuM. te parathI jaNAya che ke vIsamI sadInA zarUAtanA be traNa dAyA daramyAna rASTravAdI caLavaLane vega ApavAmAM dhArmika preraNAe maha ne bhAga bhajavyA che. paraMtu ApaNe e hakIkata upara bhAra mUkI rahyA hatA ke dharmano upayoga kevaLa eka sAdhana tarIke ja thai rahyA hatA. dharmanA Azraya lenArA rASTravAdIe ane rAjapuruSo haMmezAM dhArmika vRttinA na hatA jema gAMdhI ane anusaranArA aneka lokoe ahiMsAne svIkara eka avicala sidhdhAMta tarIke niDuM paraMtu eka nIti tarIke ja karyAM hatA tema rASTravatI jAthAmAM moTA bhAganA lAke dharmane AdhAra eka nIti ( Policy) tarIke janatAne jAgRta karavAnA ane emanA sahakAra meLavavA mATenA eka asarakAraka sAdhana tarIke letA hatA prathama vizvayuddhanI samApti pachI eziyAnA vividha dezomAM yuropiyana TekanolejInA praveza jhaDapI banyA. Adhunika udyogonI sthApanA thatA enA eka ADa pariNAma rUpe sAMsA kiraNa (Secularization) nI prakriyA zarU thai dunyavI samasyAonA samAdhAna mATe have dhama bInajarurI ane asasAyika jUthA potAnA Arthika prazno bAbata sabhAna banatA gata jaNAvA lAgyA. majUro, kheDUto, nAkariyAto vagere byAvaenA ukela mATe sati thavA mAMDayA. A navI paristhitie tarkavAdI valaNAne protsAhana ApyuM. ane AthI dhArmika rASTravAda pratyenuM AkarSaNa ghaTavA mAMDayu. jyAM sudhI dhArmika rASTravAdamAM mAnanArAo dharmanI jhINI jhINI vigatomAM utaratA prajA -- jAgRti para bhAra mUktA rahyA tyAM sudhI dhArmika rASTravAdane AvakAra maLyeA. inDoneziyAnA sarakta IslAma pakSamAM tathA barmAnA jI. sI. bI. e. pakSamAM zarU na

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mRta saMdarbha graMtha AtamAM dhArmika bhUmikAo dharAvanAra 0 ktionuM jora hatuM. jhAdInI prApti pachI eziyana samAjanI sauthI hAo, ulemAo ane bauddha bhikhu sakriya rAjakAraNamAM moTI samasyA' rASTra ghaDatara" nI hatI. garIbImAM sabaDatA joDAtA hatA. paraMtu dhIme dhIme temanuM pramANa ghaTavA mAMDayuM. rahelA A samAje have jhaDapathI Arthika vikAsa sAdhI samRdhya temanA rUDhIvAdI vicAro zikSita lokone pasaMda na hatA tethI thavA mAgatA hatA videzI zAsakane haDAvavAnA niSedhAtmaka A pakSomAM samAjavAdI ane dharmanirapekSavAdI valaNe UbhAM thayAM. AdhAra para teo saMgaThita thayA hatA. paraMtu videzIonI vidAya pachI temanI ekatAne adaDha banAvavA mATe vadhAre pAkistAnanI sthApanA pAchaLa islAmanI dhArmika preraNuM vidheyAtmaka AdhAranI jarUra hatI. Arthika ane rAjakIya nirNAyaka nIvaDI che. islAme cIMdhelA mArge musalamAne kSetre teo yuropiyana praNAlikAone apanAvI rahyA hatA, temanuM jIvana jIvI zake evA Adarza para paristAnanI kAraNa ke te vinA Adhunika rAjataMtra calAvavAnA ane vibhAvanA raju thaI hatI. musalamAnanA abhutapUrva utsAha Arthika vikAsa sAdhavAnA dhyeya sidhdha karavA muzkela hatA. ane sabaLa TekAne kAraNe pAkistAnanI sthApanA zakaya banI. A bAbatamAM temanI purANI paraMparAo temane bahu upayegI paraMtu pAkistAna astitvamAM AvatA enA netAo mATe thaI zake tema nahotI. paraMtu vizvanA rASTra:-samu dAyamAM eka vikaTa prazna ubho thayo.(19) A navA rAjyane AjanI teo potAnI rASTrIya asima tane jai.vI rAkhavA utsuka Adhunika duniyAmAM ilAmI rAjya kevI rIte banAvavuM ? hatA. tamAma kSetramAM yuropiyanuM anukaraNa karavA jatA IslAmI rAjyane khyAla khUba ja sa didhu hatA. IslAmI temanI vaiyaktikatAno aMta Avato hato. AjhAdInI prApti rAjyanI viziSTatAo kaI e bAbatamAM koI sarva- pachI A dezomAM svadezI karaNanI (Indegenization ) saMmati nahotI. pAzcAtya zikSaNa pAmelA keTalAka netAo prakriyAne pretsAhana ApavAmAM AvyuM. dhArmika, sAmAjika khAnagImAM kahetA ke, "vAstavamAM ame musalamAnonI bahumati ane sAMskRtika kSetramAM teo pitAnI keTalIka purANI saMsthAhAya evA rAjyanI sthApanA karavA mAgatA hatA. IslAmI ene sajIvana karI yA tenuM navInI karaNa karI tene puna : rAjyanI sthApanA karavAno amAro Azaya naheAta." teo saMsthApita karavA mAgatA . e vastu paNa samajatA hatA ke Adhunika saMsAranI vArtA - vikatAonI vacce islAmI rAjyanI sthApanA karavI asaMbhava AjhAdI pachI A rASTroe apanAvelI dhArmika-saMskRtika che. paraMtu pAkiratAnI AMdolane A Adazane eTalI gaMbhI, nItinuM vizleSaNa karatA jaNAya che ke enI pAchaLanI mukhya ratApUrvaka ane niSThApUrvaka apanAvyuM hatuM ke have emAMthI pIchehaTha karavI zakaya nahotI. ema karavA jatA prajAne ane preraNA rASTrIya gauravanI puna sthApanA hatI. lagabhaga tamAma ulemAone khepha vahoravo paDe je mATe teo taiyAra nahotA. deza pitAnI bhASAne prAdhAnya ApavA Atura che. bhAratamAM hindI tathA anya prAdezika bhASAo, zrI laMkAmAM siMhAlI, pAkistAnanA hAlanA baMdhAraNuM mujaba e che ke " islAmI lekazAhI" che. pAkistAnane eka kaTTara islAmI rAjya banA pAkistAnamAM urdu, baMgalAdezamAM baMgALI, barmAmAM barmana, vavAnI ghelachA 'jamAte ilAmI' pakSa seve che paraMtu A pakSa inDoneziyAmAM InDoneziyana vagere. paraMtu A eziyana prajAne Teko meLavavAmAM paryApta saphaLatA pAmI zaka nathI, bhASAo pUratI vikasita na hovAne kAraNe, videzI bhASAne sadaMtara tyAga karavAnuM temane mATe azakaya jaNAya che. bama baMgalAdezamAM svAdhInatAnI caLavaLa zarU thavA pAchaLa- ane zrI laMkAe te bauddha dharmane rAja dhamano darajajo nuM mukhya kAraNa pazcima pAkistAna dvArA thatuM enuM Arthika ApI dIdhuM che. pAkistAna ane maleziyAmAM islAma rAjadharma zeSanuM hatuM. baMgALI sumane e pAkistAnanI caLavaLane che. paraMtu bhArata, baMgalAdeza, InDoneziyA tathA philipAInsa pUro Teko Apyo hato. paraMtu pAkistAnanI sthApanA mahamada aMze marthanirapekSa nItine anusaravAno prayatna thayA bAda tenI pazcima pAMkhanuM Adhipatya vadhI gayuM. paMjAbI karI rahayA che. paNa eziyana paraMparAnA prabhAva heThaLa A musalamAna zAsanakartA jevo vyavahAra karavA lAgyA eTale dharmanirapekSatAnuM svarUpa yuropiyana dhama nirapekSatA karatA baMgALI musalamAnee enI + me virodha jagAvyA. ahIM ja rahayuM che. bhAratanI dharma nirapekSatAnI nIti vAstavamAM paNa zAzako ane zAsita samAnadhamI hovAthI AjhAdInI ' bahu dharmavAda'nI ( Religious Pluralism) nIti che. laDatamAM dharma eka agatyanuM sAdhana banI zake tema na hatuM. koI vizeSa dharmane rAja dharmane darajajo ApavAne badale paraMtu bhASA ane saMskRtinI bAbatamAM pUrva baMgALanA musa- bhArata sarakAra tamAma dharmone pretsAhana ApavAnI nIti lamAne pazcima pAkistAnanA musalamAnethI taddana bina sabhAnatA pUrvaka apanAvI rahI che. bhagavAna buddhanI 2500 hatA. AthI pUrva baMgALanI janatAne saMgaThita karavA mATe mI jayaMti bhArata sarakAre bahu utsAhapUrvaka ujavI hatI. be gALI bhASA ane saMskRti para vizeSa bhAra mUkAye. Ama cheDA sarAya pahelA paMjAba rAjayanI sarakAra guru govindrasiMha gALI rASTravAdane AdhAra dharmajhanuna nahi paraMtu java nI mahA yAtrA nI 400 mI jayaMti dhAmadhUma pUrvaka manAvI. bhAvAbhimAna hatuM. bhagavAna mahAvIranI 2500 mI jayaMti ujavavAnI taiyArIA Jain Education Intemational

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epriyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga 2 cAlI rahI che. hinduonA meLAomAM ane musalamAnonA (7' jema jema audyogikaraNanI prakriyA eziyana ursamAM pradhAne acuka hAjara rahetA hoya che. hinduonA rASTramAM vikAsa pAmatI jaze tema tema sonArikaraNanI mAtrA prAcIna maMdiranA dvAramAM paNa sarakAra ane koMgresa vadhatI jaze ane tadanusAra dharmanuM mahatva ghaTatuM jaze. pakSanA netAo rasa dAkhave che. AnI pAchaLano udeza samAjanA tamAma dhArmika samUhane bhAvanAtmaka saMteSa ApI, | nedha ane saMdarbha rAjakIya kSetre temanI sahAnubhUti ane vaphAdArI prApta karavAne 1 A virodhAbhAsanI vistRta carcA zrI eDavarDa zipa haze ema mA 1 zakAya. Chat av On the Comparative Study of the keTalAka kSetramAM paraMparAne vaLagI rahevA mAgatA A new States mAM kare che. samAje anya kSetramAM AdhunikatAne AvakAre che. zuM Ane all : Clifford Geertz (Ed): Old Societies pariNAme kaI saMgharSa UbhuM thavAnA bhAvanA kharI! alabat, and new states. (Indian edition) 971, P. 3. vidvAnamAM A aMge matabheda pravarte che. paraMtu e yAda rAkhavuM jarUrI che ke kobara jevA mAnava zArInA abhiprAya 2 rASTravAda, samAjavAda ane sAmyavAda jevI rAjakIya mujaba saMskRtimAM eTaluM badhuM lacIlApaNuM raheluM che ke vicAra saraNIomAM ane dharmamAM ghaNI samAnatAo darzAvI paraspara virodhI lAgatA to paNa eka ja sAMskRtika zakAya. dharmanI jema A vicArasaraNIo paNa sAmAjika vyavasthAthI aMtargata sumeLa pUrvaka rahI zake che. paraMparA ane saMdhaTanane siddha karavAmAM pitAne phaLa Ape che. sI. je. AdhunikatA vacce jaNAne virodhAbhAsa nIcalA stara para eca. heIjha ane bIjA vidvAne rASTravAdane eka dharma tarIke vadhu vAstavika lAge che paraMtu saMskRtinA upalA staramAM e ja oLakhAve che. dharmanI jema rASTravAdane paNa enA pavitra kramaza : ocho thate jatA aMte lupta thaI jAya che. pratike, vevatAo, gAthAo ane karmakAMDo hoya che. juo : ApaNI carcAmAMthI maLI AvatA keTalAka niSkane Johnson Harry M. Sociology a Systematic vidhAnanA svarUpamAM nIce pramANe mUkI zakAya- introduction, (Indian edition) 1966, P. 461 (1) jyAre dhArmika pravRtti vyakti pUratI yA nAnA (3) zrI ricarDasI. buza temanA pustaka rilijiyana ina jUtha pUratI maryAdita hoya che tyAre dharma hoI zake che. cAInA (1970)mAM evA niSkarSa para pahoMce che ke cAinIjha sAmyavAda svayaM eka dharma che. kenphayuziyasa ane tAo (2) jyAre dhArmika pravRtti moTA jUthamAM praveza kare dharmane dabAvavAmAM kamyunisTone bahu ochI saphaLatA maLI che tyAre e aMzataH sAdhya maTI jAya che ane ghaNIvAra amuka che. A dhamAM rahelA sAmaMtazAhI ane paurANika khyAlane sAMsarika uddezo siddha karavA mATenuM sAdhana banI jAya che. dura karI tene sthAne samAjavAdI vicAre dAkhala karavAnI (3) jayAre zAsaka ane zAsita bhinna dharma pALatA temanI nema che. A banne dharmo sAMskRtika paribaLa tarIke hoya che tyAre rASTravAdI AMdolanane majabUta banAvavAmAM dharma haju paNa asarakAraka rahyA che. zrI buzanA matAnusAra kenphanirNAyaka bhAga bhajave che. yuziyasa ane tAo dharmanI paraMparA ane Adhunika cAinIjha sAmyavAda vare ja NAtI etihAsika ekasUtratA noMdhapAtra che (4) jyAre zAsako ane zAsita samAnadhamI hoya che tyAre rASTravAdI AMdolanane vegavAna banAvavAmAM dharmanuM pari- (4) De. Ara. sI. majamudAranA dRSTribindunI rasaprada baLa gauNa banI jAya che. paraMtu je je bAbatamAM temanI AlocanA sadare juo : Indian Nationalism vacce noMdhapAtra taphAvate heva che tenA para vizeSa bhAra and British occupation, Published in Organiser mUkAya che. Delhi, Vol. 27 No :1 August 11, 1973, P. 17 5) prAraMbhanA tabakkAmAM rASTravAdI cAMdalane para (5) Louis L. Snyder (Ed): The Dynamics dharmane vizeSa prabhAva hatA, paraMtu kA, 2. vizvayuddha pachI of Nationalism, P. 43 sAMskRtirikaraNanI prakriyAne kAraNe e prabhAva kramazaH ghaTate gaye. (6) J. H. Brimmel : Communim in south (6) AjhAdInI prApti pachI potAnI rA drIya asmi- cast Asia, P. 96. tAne jALavI rAkhavA mATe eziyana samAjamAM svadezIkaraNanI prakriyAne protsAhana maLyuM. A prakriyAne kAraNe dhIme tenuM (1) Philip W. Thayer (Ed): Nationalism gumAveluM mahatva punaH prApta karyuM. and progress in Free Asia, pp : 82-43 Jain Education Intemational

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha 8) yuropiyana rASTravAda ane dakSiNa-pUrva eziyAnA hinduonA dhArmika netAo rAjakAraNamAM prajAne Teke rASTravAdanI tulanAtmaka rajuAta mATe juo : Gunnar meLavI zakatA nathI enuM A eka udAharaNa che. myrdal Ed:) Asian drama, vol. III, append. 1X, p. 2109 - 2010 (12) W. A. andersor & frederick B. pa. rrker : society--its organization and operation, (9) judA judA dharmanA svarUpamAM rahelA mahatvanA (East-West student edition) 1966, pp. 14-27 taphAvatonI vistRta carcA mATe juo : Donaid eugene (13) Thomas ford Hoult : The sociolosmith : India as a sc culas state, 196. pp. gy of religion, 1954, p. 217.. 24 41 (14) Ibid, pp 225-26 (10) Ghurye G. S. Casrte, class and (15) InDoneziyA. bama ane philipAInsa A traNa Occupation, 1961, pp. 325-26. dezomAM dhama ane rASTravAdanA tulanAtmaka saMbaMdhanI carcA (11) gehatyA nirodha AMdolananA jANItA netA HIZ --Fred R. von der Mehden : Religion purInA zaMkarAcArya zrI niraMjana deva tIrthanI caLavaLane jana and Nationalism in southeast Asia, 1964, Ch aPters 1 8 2. tAne kaI gaNanApAtra Teke prApta thaI zakayA nahotA. aspR. zyatAnI bAbatamAM emaNe pragaTa karelA junavANI vicAranI (16) Sapkar Ghose : The renaissance to paNuM paDakAravAmAM AvyA hatA. bhAratanI jokasabhAmAM emanI yA hatA. bhAratanI lokasabhAmAM emanI Militant nationalism in Inia, 1969, pp. 244-250. je kaDaka TIkA karavAmAM AvI hatI e sUcaka che. A aMgenA (17) Sri aurobindo : uttarpara speech, vistRta akhabArI ahevAla mATe juo The Indian Ex sri aurobindo ashram, pondicherry, p. 19 press, dated April 3, 1969 (18) Fred R. von der Mendea : opp. mArca 1971nI pArlAmenTanI cUMTaNImAM dhaMdhukA mata- chit p. 85 dAra vibhAgamAMthI ubhA rahelA gujarAtanA prasidhdha kathAkAra (19) W. C. smtih: Islam in modern Hiane gosevaka zrI zaMbhu mahArAja cUMTaNI hArI gayA hatA. story, 1957, p. 212. zubhecachA sAthe 2. naM. 326331 jhaverAta jagatanuM jhaLahaLatu jhaverAta ghara 60 varSanA anubhavane aMte sarva zreSTha kalAkRtio hirA-pannA-motI-mANeka beMkeka-kalacara cokakhA gInI-sonAnA mInAnA, phula sekasa anya alakAre asaMkhya DIjhAInamAM-amArA bhavya saMgrahasthAnanI ekavAra mulAkAta lyA kezavalAla dalapatabhAI jhaverI ArTa javelarsa sthApanA 1914 145 mammA devI roDa muMbaI--400 002 Jain Education Intemational

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ed rAtra kAryavA salAmata sadhA bALakone taMdurasta ane dIrghAyuSI batAveche. SOGTHI REGISTERE VAIDYA, N.H. HEHTA'S KATHIAWADI BALAMRUT SOGTHI LLE A REMEDY FORINFANTS KATHIAWADI BALAMRUT SOGTHI kAThIyAvADI ghATa goThI DIpo vaidha tavatIgharAya matadAra mahatA gohela

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pa dezI pravAsIonI najare bhAratanuM lokajIvana zrI jyotibena je. thAnakI bhArata eka evo adbhuta ane rahasyamaya deza che bhAratanI mulAkAte AvatA pravAsIomAM grIka musAke prAcIna kALathI mAMDIne arvAcIna samaya sudhInA jagatanA phare prathama hatA. I. sa. pUrve cothA saikAmAM pAyathAgorAsa badhA dezane enA pratye apUrva AkarSaNa rahyuM che, bhale pachI Iziyana, eseriyana ane brAhmaNonI dhArmika bhAvanAonA te AkarSaNanA hetuo judA judA rahyA hoya. prAcIna bhArata abhyAsa aMge musApharI karI hatI teNe pUrvanA dezanI paNa te samRddhithI chalakatuM hatuM. mAtra bhotika nahi paratu dhyA- mulAkAta lIdhI hatI. teNe je dhArmika, tAtvika ane gANitmika rIte paNa bhArata saMpanna hatuM. bhAratamAM jJAna, vijJAna, tika siddhAMta ApyA te badhA siddhAMte te tenAthI 20. kaLA, dharma, sAhitya eTalA vikAsa pAmyA hatAM ke vizvanA varSa pahelAM bhAratamAM pracalita hatA. AtmA potAnuM svarUpa daro bhArata ne AzcaryanI dRSTithI jotA hatA. adUbhUta Azva badale che paNa nAza pAmato nathI, e mAnyatAnI pAchaLa paNa nA deza tarIke bhAratanI gaNanA karavAmAM AvatI hatI. hindu saMskRtinI spaSTa asara rahelI che. tyAra pachI se varSe AvA suvaNanA dezamAM praveza kare, tenI addabhUta ajAyabI eTale ke I. sa. pUrve 481 thI 4 1 mAM grIka vidvAna herabharI vAto potAnA dezavAsIone kahevI e te apUrva mAna DoTa bhArata viSe ghaNI mAhitI grIka prajAne ApI nika gaNatuM. grIka vidvAna heDeTasa te bhAratanA kapAsa daranI caDhAIe te grIka prajA mATe bhAratanA rahasyane prajA ane zeraDInAM khetaronI vAta sAMbhaLIne tAjuba thaI gaye no khule mUkI dIdho. sikadaMra pitAnI caDhAInI sAthe ghaNuM hate. te lakhe che ke "They do not Srow wool on grIka vidvAnone bhAratamAM lAvyA hatA. A vidvAnoe hindusheep as we do They Srow their wool on trees dharma, hindu saMskRti ane samAja viSe ghaNI karI che. They don't get their Sugar prem bec s They temAMthI I. sa. pUrve cothA saikAmAM bhAratanA loke kevuM jIvana Siow their susgar in reeds." jIvatA hatA tenI spaSTa jhAMkhI thAya che. paraMtu vizvanA kuberabhaMDAra jevA bhAratamAM praveza sikaMdara sAthe AvelA eriyana nAmane bIka itihAsa meLavo e saraLa kAma nahotuM. traNa bAju virATa sAgara kAra hindu loko viSe noMdha le cheH "teo khuzamijAja loko ane uttare himAlaya. tema chatAM paNa, durgama mArgo para kaThora hatA. AtmavizvAsathI bharelA hatA. potAnI paraMparAne mATe musIbata hovA chatAMya pravAsI onI vaNathaMbhI vaNajhAra te abhimAna rAkhatA hatA. agama agocaranI ja pAchaLa prAcIna kALathI cAlu ja che. grIka musApharoe bhAratanAM maMDayA hatA. prakRti ane mAnavajIvana paratve temanAmAM ghaNA adbhUta AzcaryAno tAga meLavavA sikaMdara pahelAM ja prazno UThatA hatA. jIvananI dhUrA sahaja bhAve ane prasannaAvavAnuM zaru karyuM hatuM. sikaMdaranI caDhAI pachI te temAM tAthI vahana karatA hatA. maraNane nirbhayatAthI ane nizcita rAjakAraNa paNa maLyuM. te bhagavAna tathAgatanI parama pAvanakArI paNe bheTatA hatA. hiMduonA jeTalI saMgIta ane nRtyanI bhUminA darzane aneka cInI yAtrALuone AkarSyA. bhAratanI zokhIna bIjI koI paNa prajA nathI." bhautika samRddhi ane aDhaLaka saMpattie Araba vyApArIo ane muslIma ghADAone paNa lalacAvyAM. aMte pazcimI te samaye bhAratanI prajA gauravavaMtI hatI. tenAmAM vyApArIoe paNa bhAratane cheDayuM nahi. pigIjha, Daca, ucca saMskAritA ane AdhyAtmikatAnI uMDI bhUkha hatI. A te ahI yApAra athe bhAratamAM vAta eriyana ApaNane kahI jAya che. lokonuM jIvana AnaMda AvyA ane chevaTe to bhAratanA adhipati thaI beThA. bharapUra hatuM. jIvanamAM ciMtA ke kaleSane sthAna nahotuM. eTaluM ja nahi paNa mANasane mRtyunI paNa bIka nahotI samAja A rIte bhAratIya saMskRtinuM vaheNa badalAtuM gayu tema darzana karAvatAM eriyana kahe che ke samAjamAM ucca pratiSThita tema pravAsIonA AgamananA hetuomAM paNa parivartana varga ane sAmAnya varga evA vibhAge che, paraMtu leke sukhI AvatuM gayuM. A badhA ja pravAsIoe bhAratanA Iti hAsane che. hAthI, ghoDA, uMTa vagereno savArI mATe upayoga karavAmAM kaDIbaddha ane jIvaMta rAkhe che. bhAratanA prAcIna ane madhya- Ave che ane bhAravAhI prANI tarIke gadheDAne upayoga thAya kAlIna itihAsano moTo bhAga pravAsI lekhakonI noMdhapothI. che. khAsa karIne teno upayoga kuMbhAra ane bebI leke omAM saMgrahAyeluM che. e noMdhapothIomAMthI tatkAlina bhAra- vadhAre kare che. vAhanomAM cAra ghoDA joDelI gADI ucca pratitIya samAjanuM darzana thayA vagara rahetuM nathI. hita vaga vApare che ane eka gheDe joDelI gADI sAmA ya Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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702 lAko upayegamAM le che. i. sa. pUrve trIjI ane cAthI sadImAM vapa hatI ghoDAgADI Aja paNa sAmAnya janatA vApare che te samayanA samAjanI viziSTatAo lokonuM jIvana e badhAnI vigata pUrNa vAtA te megesthanIsa tenA nAmanA pustakamAM karI jAya che. megasthanIsa gitA mRtyu pachI tenA dvAra nI sAcavatA senA patni lyu ce caDhAI karI paNa cadragupta moyanI sAme tenA parAjya thayo. i. sa. pUrve 305nI AsapAsa saMdhi thai caMdraguptana pAtAnI putrI haeNlana paraNAvI tenA darabAramAM megekSanIsa nAmanA ethI mokatthA megekSanIsanA vRttAMta draguptanA samayanA vizALa taMtranI jhAMkhI karAve che. have je je vigato bhegI karI che te Aje ghaNI ja upayogI khanI che. ma sthanosanI dASTae hindanu lekatrana " hindIA sauMdaya priya che, sArI sArI vastuonA temane zAba che. peAtAnI uMcAi vadhAravA mATe te vApare che. pariIo dharmazALAo ane jugArakhAnAM paNa sArI sakhyAmAM che. judA judA dhaMdhAdArIone maLavAnA mukarara sthAno paNa hera maLe che dhaMdhAdArIe sAvajanika jamaNA paNa kare che. na ka gAyako ane naTone temanA manArane kAryakramamAMthI AjIvikA maLe che. teo dhadhArthe gAmaDAMomAM pazu jAya che. kuratInI harIphAi prANIo sAthenI sAha sArIo paNa ce ya che. ajAyabInI vastuenAM citra pradazanA paNu gADavAya che. maheAllAemAM rAzanI karavAmAM Ave che. rAjAnA vagheADA paNa nIkaLe che ane te zikAre paNa jAya che. naga lokonA 2 jiMdA jIvana viSe paNa tenI noMdhamAMpI ANavA maLe che ke te samaye meTAM nagaro hatAM. ane rAnI vyavadhA mATe sudharAIo paNa hatI. sArA sArA nA, bAra makAna, mana pramAdanA sAdhano mATI mATI ra dukAno A badhu sahelAIthI prApta thatu. nagazamAM sukha sagavaDa ane AnaMda bharyuM jIvana gujAranAra eka meAjile maga pazu astitvamAM hatA. loko vasonA zokhIna hatA. ghare be ke traNa majalAnAM banAvavAmAM AvatAM. meTAM makAno pAchaLa thoDA rahetA hatA. sAmAnya raheNAMkanA nivAsasthAnA uparAMta rAjyanA mahelo, kArakhAnA, nagArA, zastrAgAra, jelI paNa hatAM rastA ane galIenI jALavaNI cIvaTa pUrvaka karavAmAM AvatI. vALAnA durUpayoga karavA mATe dvArAne rakhaDatA mUkatA mATe rastA upara gaMduM phekavA mATe bedarakArIthI vAhanA calAvavA mATe khATA mArge smazAna yAtrA kADhavA mATe ke samaye haravA pharavA mATe, snAnAgo, maho tyAM eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 pravezabaMdha hoya tyAM javA maTe nA badhA mATe daMDa devAmAM AvatA hatA. zaheramAM Aga lAge tyAre badhAe javuM paDatuM. Aga lagADa rane jIvatA saLagAvI devAmAM AvatA hatA. loko phatsava priya patu hatA. vasatotsava ane dIpA valI mukhya utsava hatA. Rtu badalAtAM utsavo cainnatA utsavo niyAya loko sAmAnya rIte karakasarayuM bane jIvatA hatA. temAM dopriya ramata pArAnI hatI. sIemAM kIDA vadhAre pracalita hatI, yuvAno zikAra premI hatA. naukA spardhA, taraNa, tIradAjI vagere paNa jovAmAM Avatu. kuTuMbaprathA saMyukta hatI. putrane dattaka levAnI prathA paNa hatI. paraMtu rALanI maMjUrI vinA putra dattaka na laI zakAtA. dhAne svataMtratA hatI, tema bahupatnItvanA rivAja paNa hatA. gaNikAnI saMsthAone para niyamA mUkavAmAM AvyA hatA. rAjyane mATe strIe sAI taiyAra karatI. bArAkanI bIjI vAnInA sAthe dizA paNa pIrasavAmAM mAyatI. bIjA badhA loko paNa dirAnA upayega karatA. megesthenIsa noMdhe che ke ArTsamA gulAmI prathAnu' astitva nathI. madhyamamAgI praznanu' yana samayela, saskArI ane vikAsazIla hatuM. zikSaNanuM mahattva paNa ghaNuM hatuM. sarakArI jaMgamAM gaNAvuM huMya te zikSaNa levuM ja paDatuM. brAhmaNa bhAgye ja azikSita rahetA. brAhmaNanuM kAryaM adhyayana ane adhyApana rahetu. TekanIkala kSetre paNa zikSaNanI sagavaDa hatI. meTe bhAge ciAlu dhAgika ane sAhityika che. dharmazALA uparAMta cAkaratuM, a Ane ya pataMtra) nuM' zikSaNa pazu Apa vAmAM AvatuM. nyAya mATe pUrNa vyavasthA hatI. cerI mATenI sajA karI hatI. nIcalA ane upalA ema be nyAya maMdira hatAM. nIcalI adAlatanA nyAya maMjUra na heAya te upalI adAlanane nA thaI zakatI. vaTe rAnI nyAya AkharI gaNAnA daDInI be kaMpanInanuM mahatvanuM aMga gaNavuM. kArano khUbaja kaDaka hatA. nAnA gunA mATe paNa dehAMta daMDanI sanna karavAmAM AvatI. AthI dasa paNanuM mUlya dharAvatI koIpaNa cIjanI sarakArI adhikArI dhArI kare tA dehAMtadaMDanI sajA A yAmAM AvatI. begamyanIsa A viSa eka anubhava noMdhe che ke pate jhuptanA saMdhamAM hato. lagabhaga cAra lAkha mANuno hatAM. eka divase corImAM 20 kAyamAI eTale ke AjanA gaga 112 rUpiyA jeTalI cArI thai hatI. paNa A gunAne kaDaka hAthe dabAvI devAmAM mAnyo. gunA mATe koraDAnI sA ke aMga upAMgo kApI nAkha vAnI paNa zikSA thatI hatI. leAkeAnuM Arthika jIvana paNa samRddha hatuM. deza khetI pradhAna hatA. jamInanA mAlika rAjA gaNAtA hatA. je kheDUta

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ati saMdarbha graMtha 703 rAjAne jamIna na Ape te rAjA baLajabarIthI paNa laI A badhAM viSe spaSTa citro maLe che. megesthanIsanI "gulAmInI zakatA. khetI upara pUratuM dhyAna ApavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. prathA jovA maLatI nathI, e noMdhane sAva sAcI mAnI zakAya naherone upayoga paNa thatuM. pazupAlanane paNa mahattva apAtuM nahIM. zrI javAharalAla neharu ' mAruM hiMdanuM darzana " mAM hatuM. AdivAsI prajA paNa hatI je theDI gharavakharI sAthe jaNAve che ke " A bAbatamAM tene abhiprAya bhUla bharela ahIMthI tahIM bhaTakatI rahetI. hatA, kemake gharakAma karanArA gulAme ahIM khasUsa hatA. ane e samayanA hiMdI graMthamAM gulAmanI sthiti sudharavA aMgenA vepAradhaMdhA ane hanara udyoga paNa phAlelAM hatAM. temAM ullekho paNa maLI Ave che. paraMtu Ama chatAM, gulAmInI saMkhyAbaMdha zreNIo hatI. kAmadAronAM maMDaLAne zreNInI prathA ahI moTA pAyA para nahotI; tathA e vakhate bIjA gaNavAmAM AvatI. samAjamAM A zreNIonuM viziSTa sthAna dezamAM hatA tevA mArI karAvavA mATenAM gulAmenAM meTA rahetuM, ane rAjAonuM tene pIThabaLa hatuM. samAjane Ava- jAthe paNa nAtAM e spaSTa che. ane e uparathI megesthanIsa zyaka evA tamAma hanaraudyoge khIlelA hatA. suthAra, luhAra, samaye haze ke ahI: gulA nI sarvathA hatI ja nahIM." kuMbhAra, khANIyA, kaDiyA, senI, jhaverI, vaNakara, darajI, dhobI, zipI vage re ghaNI jAtanA kArIgaro potapotAnA ucca sthAne A rIte ApaNAthI dUra dUranA bhUtakALanA loko kevA pahoMcelA hatA. hatA, kaI rIte jIvana jIvatA hatA, ApaNAthI keTalA zreSThIo ane vepArIo paNa mejuda hatA. mahAvA pramANamAM bhinna hatA, kevA samRddha ane sukhI hatA tenI Nijya aMdha paNa hatuM. sarakAra mAnya telamApanAM sAdhana, te Aje kalpanA karavI paNa muzkela che. chatAM megesthanIsanI vastuonI UMcI jAta kiMmata para dekharekha mATenA niyama nAtha para noMdha para thI je chUTI chavAI vigato maLe che, tenA AdhAre vagerene pariNAme AMtarika temaja AtararASTrIya vyApAra ApaNe bhAratanA gauravavaMtA lAkA viSe kaMIka jANI zakIe samRddha hato. vyApArIomAM dukAnadAre, pravAsI vyApArIo, chIe. rAjAnI upaja ane vastuo veMcanArA sarakArI amaladAre cInI pravAsIo ane moTA zreSThIo hatA. rAjA pote paNa vepArI hatuM. tenI jamInanI upaja, rAjyanA kArakhAnAmAM banAvelI vastuo, bhAratamAM bauddha dharmanA udaya pachI saMskRtinuM vaheNa jelamAM banAvelI vastuo, jaMgala ane khANomAMthI upa- badalAya che. temAM paNa bauddha dharmane azakane rAjyAzraya jatI vastuonuM vecANa rAjAnA mANase karatA dareka cIjane maLyA pachI to pUrvanA deza ane agni eziyAnA dezomAM vepAra thate. kiMmatI dhAtu ane naMga, rUpavardhaka vastuo, baudha dha jhaDapathI adhikAra sthA. cInamAM zekanA rAmaDAM, rU ane rezama, pADA, anAja, marImasAlA vagere dharma pracArakoe bauddha dharma phelAvyuM tyArathI cInI yAtrIo aneka vastuono vyApAra thato. vyApAra upara jAtajAtanA ane vidvAnonuM hiMdamAM A vavAnuM zarU thayuM gebInuM raNa karaverA hatA. gerakAyade pravRttiomAM sakhata daMDa devAmAM vaTAvI, madhya eziyA pAra karI, himAlayamAM thaI bhAratamAM Avato. amuka cIjonI AyAta-nikAsa vajaryA hatAM. AvavAno mArga ghaNo lAMbo, kaSTa bharele ane jokhama kAraka maurya sAmrAjyanAM nagaro joIne megestha nIsa chaka hate yAtrI mAMnA moTA bhAganA te mArgamAM ja maraNa thaI gayA hatA. te pATalI putranuM varNana karatAM jaNAve che pAmatA. keTalAka pAchA ja na pharatAM aneka muzkelIo ane ke : "gaMgA nadInA bIjI nadI sAthenA saMgama para pAlIbrethA viTaMbaNAo hovA chatAM paNa bhArata ane cIna va the aneka AveluM che. nagaranI laMbAI 80 sTeDiyA ane pahoLAI 15 pravAsIo ane vidvAnonI avara-javara eka hajAra varSa sTeDiyA che AkAra samaddhibhuja catuSkoNa jevo che. pharate sudhI thatI rahI. bhArata AvelA cInI yAtrIomAM phAhiyAna, lAkaDAne keTa che. tIra choDavA mATe thoDe thoDe aMtare bakarAM yuvAna-rayAMga ane itsiMga noMdha pAtra che. kAraNa ke te samayanI rAkhelAM che. banAvane mATe temaja nagaranA melA pANInA bhAratanI saMskRti ane samAjano itihAsa emanI neMdhapethI nikAla mATe keTanI sAme maTI khAI devAmAM AvelI che. enAM pAnAMomAM paDela che. phAhiyAnanI neMdhapothI mAMthI A khAI 600 phUTa pahoLI ane 30 hAtha UDI che. keDane ApaNe gupta yuganI mAhitI meLavI zakIe chIe. pa70 minArA ane 64 daravAjA che. pATalI putra e pacaraMgI prajAnuM nivAsa sthAna che. pATalI putrano mahela tenI bhavyatA phAhiyAna ane suMdaratAmAM phArasanA musA ane ekabArAnA mahela karatAM phAhiyAna pAMca pI sIma-600 i. sa. thI 14 paNu caDhiyAte lAge che." I. sa. sudhI hiMdamAM rahyo hato. bhAratamAMthI cInamAM gayelA megesthanIsanA varNana uparathI ApaNane tatkAlIna kumArajIva ne ziSya hatA. te jyAre hiMda AvavA gurunI samAja asara., le..' Arthika, sAmAjika, rAjakIya jIvana, rajA levA gayA tyAre gurUe kahyuM hatuM ke mAtra dhArmika tAM jaNAve che viTaMbaNAo ha vidvAnI ane Jain Education Intemational

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19.x jJAna meLavavAmAM ja madhA vakhata na gALatA, paNa sAthe sAthe hiMdanA leAkeAnA jIvana temanA rIta rivAjo, TevA vagerenA vigate abhyAsa karaje jethI cana temane ane temanA dezane sArI rIte samajI zake. gurunA adezanu phAhiyAne pAlana karyuM', pariNAme ApaNane ghaNI ja rasa pradavigata sAMpaDe che. phADiyAne i. sa. 400 thI I. sa. 414 sudhI bhAratanA bludA jhudA sAskRtika kendromAM paribhramaNa karyuM hatuM. pazcimamAM puSpakalAvatIthI mAMDIne pUrvanA tAmralipti sudhInA aitihAsika kendro ane prasidhdha sthaLanI mulAkAtA teNe lIdhI hatI. pATalI putranI vidyApIThamAM rahIne teNe abhyAsa paNa karyAM hatA. tenI sAthe huI cIMga ane tA ceMga nAmanA be yAtrALu e paNa hatAM. temAM hui cIMganuM mRtyu bhAratamAM ja thayuM hatuM ane tAe cega pAche cIna gayA ja nahi. phAhiyAnI dRSTie bhAratanu lekajIvanaH - " bhAratava sIe sukhI ane samRddha che. jee rAjAnI jamIna kheDe che tee upajane kaMika bhAga rAjyabhAga tarIke Ave che. A jamInanuM kheDANa tee marajI paDe tyAM sudhI karI zake che rAjA phrAMsInI ke mRtyunI sanna karatA nathI. gunegArA pAsethI phakata daMDa ja ugharAvAya che, ane emane cetavaNI ApyA pachI paNa jo tame tee guno kare te emane zikSA thAya che. samrATa virUdhdha SaDayaMtra ghaDanAranA mAtra jamaNA hAtha kApI nAkhavAmAM Ave che. paNa mRtyudaMDa thatA nathI '4 phAhiyAne tatkAlIna rAjavI caMdragupta bIjAnI pazu mukta kaMThe prazaMsA karI che. rAjAnA nAgirakone paNa rAjAnI samAna dayALu ane dhArmika vRttinA vadhu vyA che. prajAne kaMI ja kaSTa uThAvavuM paDatuM nathI. samAjamAM krAMti asaMtoSa ke arAjakatA kayAMka jovA maLatAM nathI lAkone potAnI ttinA viSayamAM paNa kAyadA kAnunAnI arpITI kAryavAhImAM javuM paDatuM nathI. samAja jIvananuM varNana karatAM teNe tatkAlIna samAjanI paNa khUba praza'sA karI che. dezanA loko atithiparAyaNa che. jyAre koipaNa atithi emane ghare paDeAMce che tyAre hRdayathI tenuM svAgata kare che. eTalu ja nahi, bheAjana ane vizrAma mATenI pUrNa takedArI paNa rAkhe che. dharma ane dayAnI mAJatamAM tA lAkA eka bIjAnI sAthe harIphAi kare che. samagra dezamAM kayAMya jIvaNyA thatI nathI. loko lasaNu, DuMgaLI, mAMsa macchIno niSedha kare che. phakta cAMDalA ja mAMsa bhakSaNu kare che. samAja saMpUrNa zAkAhArI che. bhAjana samaye leAkeA svacchatA para vizeSa dhyAna Ape che cAkhA, ghauM. java, dALa mULa, dUdha, ghI, mAkhaNa mukhya khArAMka che. cAMDAleA aspRzya Jain Education Intemational eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 gaNAya che. ane nagara vasatinI bahAra rahe che jyAre nagaramAM Ave che tyAre thALI pITIne Ave che ke jethI nagara janAne emanA AgamananI jANa thAya, ane emanA sparzathI bacI zake ajAromAM kayAMya paNa kasAinI dukAno ke dArUnAM pIThAM jevA ma 11aa nathI. cAMDAle sivAya koi macchImArI paNa karatuM nathI. leAkeAnu jIvana vyavasAya ucca ane pavitra che. loTonA Arthika jIvana vize phADDiyAna jaNAve che. ke vinimayamAM koDIone prayAga thatA pATalI putramAM te koDInA upayeAga puSkaLa pramANamAM thatA hatA khAsa karIne nAnI vastuonA sAdA mATe mATI, vastuonA vinimaya mATe mudrAnA prayAga thatA bhArata varSanA vyApAra khUba ja unnata dazAmAM hatA. eTalAM meTAM vaDA banatAM ke temAM se (208) mANasA ekI sAthe musApharI karI zakatA ane AvA saMpa-vaDANAmAM salAmatI mATe nAnI nAnI heADIe paNa rAkhavAmAM AvatI AvA ja eka moTA vahANamAM besIne tAmraliptinA baMdarethI phAriyAna svadeza javA ravAnA thayA hatA. phArDiyananA vanamAM sauthI vadhu praza kA te vyApArIenI karavAmAM AvI che. teNe mathurAnA vyApArIone khUba vakhANyA che. moTA vyApArIoe te baudhdha bhikSukA mATe maTho ane vihArAnI sthApanA karI hatI. AvA vaDArAmAM phADDiyAna rahyo hatA paNa kharI A vihArAnI dIvAlemAM tAmrapatro jaDAyelAM hatA jemAM dAnakartAenI nAmAvalI jaDavAmAM AvI hatI jethI A dAnanI smRti saikAo nA lAkone rahe A vastu Aje bhAratamAM meLuda che kaDI putranA moTA vyApArIee dAnagRha ane auSadhAlayeAnI sthApanA karI hatI; jemAM daradra, asahAya, vidhavA, niHsaMtAna. lulA laMgaDAne maphata bhAjana ane auSadhAnI sagavaDa maLatI hatI auSadhAlayemAM nipuNa cikitsako rahetA. rAgInI cakAsaNI uparAMta davAo paNa ApavAmAM AvatI jyAM sudhI rogI roga mukata na thAya tyAM sudhI auSadhAMlayamAMthI ratna ApavAmAM na AvatI. pATalIputrane teNe vaibhavazALI nagarI gaNAvI che. mukhya nagarAmAM teNe pATalIputra ane ujjainane gaNAvyAM che. pATalIputranA rAjamahelane jotAM te kiMga thai gayA hatA. " A rAjamahelane jotAM evA bhAsa thAya che ke tenuM nirmANa sAkSAta devatAoe karyuM lAge che " te samaye nikAmAM bahupatnItvanI 2.thA pracalita hatI. nAgarikAmAM kyAMka vidhavA--vivAha paNa thatA. ucca kuLanI mahilAe suzikSita hatI strI enI sthiti ekaMdare saMteASajanaka hatI. bhAratamAM judA judA prakAranI dhArmika vicAradhArA astitvamAM hatI. paraMtu paralokamAM badhAMnA www.jainelibrarv.org

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 705 vizvAsa hato evuM eka neMdha parathI jaNAya chezramaNa samAja vyavasthAmAM teNe varNavyavasthAne saMpUrNapaNe dhArmika guNovALA ane haMmezAM sUtro pATha karatA rahI amala thate je "brAhmaNe dharma kArya kare che. kSatriye dhyAnamagna rahevAvALA hatA. bauddha bhikSuonI raheNI karaNI rAjakArabhara calAve che. vacce vepArIo ane dhaMdhAdArIpaNa AdapUNa hatI. najIkanA grAmavAsIo bhikSuone e che. zudro khetI tathA bIjI majUrI kare che. kSatriya bhajana ane vastro pahoMcADatA. je vihAre gautama buddhanA ane brAhmaNe vezabhUSAmAM svaccha ane sArAM vastro pahere jIvana sAthe saMkaLAyelA hatA temanA pratye lekene khUba mAna che. karakasarathI ane sughaDatAthI joDA ghaNA ochA mANase rahetuM. jetavananA vihArane dAna ApavA mATe te rAjavIomAM pahere che. leka meTe bhAge ughADe page ja bahAra jAya che. paNa spardhA thaI hatI. jetavanamAM rAtre eTalA dIpaka pragaTA- lake vAsI khorAka khAtA nathI. vyaktigata svacchatA para vavAmAM AvatA ke rAtrimAM divasa eTale prakAza patharAI jato pUba ja dhyAna ApavAmAM Ave che. A leke svacchatA ane pavitratAnA khUba ja AgrahI che. jamyA pahelA phAhiyAnanA mata mujaba bhAratanA leke utsavapriya snAna karavuM Avazyaka che. snAna pahelAM A leke eka hatA. vaizAkhI aSTamInA divase te mUrtionuM saraghasa bIjAne aDakatAM nathI. khAvAvALAone bhejananA pAtrone nIkaLatuM AvA eka utsavamAM phAhiyAna pote paNa hAjara aDakavAnI manAI che. mATInA vAsaNane jamyA bAda pheMkI hate A saraghasanI sajAvaTa bhavya rahetI. temAM saddagRhastha devAmAM Ave che. jyAre dhAtunA vAsaNane sArI rIte mAMjIne paNa bhAga letA gAvA-bajAvavAvALA paNa rahetA. A saraghasa rAkhavAmAM Ave che. leke moTe bhAge zAkAhArI che. roTalI nara ne pratyeka bhAgamAM pharatuM temAM be rAtri pasAra thaI jatI roTalA zekelAM anAja ghI ane dUdhanI vAnagIone upaAkhuM ye nagara suMdara rozanIthI jhaLAMhaLAM thaI rahetuM vega vadhu pramANamAM thAya che. sArA prasaMgoe mAMsa bhakSaNa A uparAMta kaumudI mahotsava vasantatsava, dIpotsava vagere karAya che. paNa gomAMsa ane jaMgalI jAnavaranuM mAMsa utsava hatA. dIpotsava-dIpAvali bhAratanuM rASTrIya parva niSirtha gaNAya che. DuMgaLI lasaNa paNa vajarya che. A gaNAtuM hatuM. badhAne upayoga karanArane nAtabahAra gaNavAmAM Ave che" hayu-ena-sAMga-yuvAna yAMga aspRzyatA A samaye paNa hatI. kasAIo mAchImAre, I. sa. 630 mAM cInane A budhdha premI musApharI nAcanArAo, ja9lA ane bAvAo nagara bahAra rahetA te jamInamA hiMdamAM AvyuM. gobInuM raNa vaTAvI, turabAna, ' lakhe che ke "AvA leke zaheramAM Ave ke jAya tyAre teoe pitAnA ghara sudhI rastAnI DAbI bAjue ja cAlavuM paDe che kUcA, tAnkaMda balakha, khetAna ane pArakaMda thaI himAlaya oLaMgI te bhAratamAM Avyo. cInamAM naMga vaMzane amala temanI vasAhata zaherane upavibhAga gaNAya che hato. bhAratamAM samrATa harSavardhananI ANa pravAnI hatI. Arthika sthiti viSe paNa yuvAna kyAMga jaNAve che ke, yuvAna rayAMga I. sa. 64pa sudhI eTale ke paMdara varSe bhAratamAM " sarakArI taMtra paNa udAra siddhAMta para racAyeluM hovAthI rahyo. paMdara varSanA tene nivAsa daramiyAna te ATha varSa te tenI kAryavAhI ghaNI ja saraLa che. rAjAnI jamInanA cAra haSa nA sAmrAjyamAM pharyo te jyAM jyAM gayA tyAM tyAM, te te bhAga pADavAmAM Ave che. pahelAmAMthI rAjyano kArabhAra calAsthaLanA lokonuM teNe bArIkAI bharyuM avakana karyuM tenuM puta vAya che. bIjAmAM pradhAna ane amaladArone pagAra trIjAmAM "sI yu kI " eTale ke pazcimanA rAjyano ahevAla Apa- vidvAno ane paMDitane InAme ane cothAmAMthI sAdhu saMte ne hiMda viSenI ghaNI rasaprada mAhitI Ape che. ane dharmAcAryone dAna apAya che. AthI leka upara kara verAno boje baha nathI ane sevAnI AzA paNa nathI ke yuvAna yoge varNavelu bhAratanuM samAja jIvana bhautika cIja vastuno upayoga zAMtithI kare che. vyApArIo hiMdanA leke viSe te lakhe che ke " sAmAnya leka vepAra arthe eka bIjAnA pradezamAM sahelAIthI Ava-jA karI ravAbhAvika rIte ja mejilA hovA chatAM khAnadAna ane zake che" ahIMnA leke sAdI prakRtinA ane prAmANika che. prAmANika che. nANAM vyavahAramAM teo saraLa che. vyavahAramAM kAyadAno bhaMga thAya tyAre javAbadAra vyakti paNa sajAne pAtra teo dago phaTako karatA nathI nyAyane amala karavAmAM thAya che. nyAyanA niyamonuM ullaMdhana thAya tyAre nAka kAna teo udAra valaNavALA che. pitAnA kAma tathA vacananuM kApIne zaheranI bahAra dhakelI daIne mRtyu sudhI jaMgalamAM choDI devAmAM Ave che. bIjI bhUle mATe sAmAnya daMDa devAya vaphAdArIthI pAlana kare che. gunegAra ane baLavAkhoronuM pramANu jUja che. prajAne tene trAsa kavacita ja ve che. calaNa sonArUpAnA sikakAonuM hatuM paNa keDIe ane paDe che rAjyataMtranA siddhAMte aTapaTA nathI, sAdA ane nA metI paNa calaNamAM vaparAtAM. saraLa che. loko para karane be haLavo che. joke eka te samayanuM zikSaNa moTe bhAge dharma viSayaka hatuM. sthaLethI bIjA sthaLe sahelAIthI jaI zake che" mANasa nava varSane hoya tyAMthI 30 varSane thAya tyAM sudhI Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 zikSaNa apAtuM. bhAratamAM vidyAnuM ATaluM badhuM mahattva joIne mAMthI maLI Ave che. hiMdamAM bauddha dharma lUMTata thaye, yuvAna rayAMga chaka thaI jAya che. nAlaMdA vidyApIThamAM te pAMca hiMda ane cIna vacce paMDitanI avara javara baMdha thaI, temanI varSa rahyo hate. tyAM teNe nyAyanA AcAryanI upAdhI meLavI vacce vyApAra sivAyanA saMveLA baMdha paNa lUpta thaye, hatI ane chevaTe te te e vidyApIThane upAcArya paNa banyA agiyAramI sadI ane tyAra pachI rAjakIya kSetre palaTA AvatA hate, pUrvanA dezomAMthI keTalAye vidyAthIo ahIM abhyAsa saMkhyAbaMdha bIddha sAdhuo prAcIna hasta temAM poTalAM laI arthe AvatA emanI AkarI parIkSA pachI ja emane ne nepALa ane tibeTamAM jaI vasyA. pata hiMda ane cIna vidyApIThamAM praveza maLatuM. nAlaMdAmAM hInayAna ane mahAyAna vacce prasaMge pAta rAjadvArI saMbaMdha sthAne rahyo che. dilhInA nA anuyAyIo vacce tIta spardhA rahetI. jJAna prApti mATe sulatAne InavatAne elacI tarIke cInanA darabAramAM eka vidyAthIe divasa ane rAta carcAmAM maMDayA rahetA. eTaluM hato ane cInanA samrATe paNa ha. zIna ane phIna sIna nAme ja nahIM paraMtu jyAre pUrNa vidyA saMpanna thAya tyAre temanI be elacIone baMgALanA sulatAnane darabAramAM kayA hatA. AkarI parIkSA paNa karavAmAM AvatI. e parIkSAmAM uttIrNa thatAM emane hAthInI aMbADI upara besADI pheravavAmAM AvatA. arebiyana musApharo ane bahumAna paNa ApavAmAM AvatuM. paraMtu je dalIlamAM bauddha dharmane lepa thatAM ane madhya eziyAmAM bhAMgI paDe te raMga bharelI khAImAM pheMkI devAmAM AvatA. islAmane udaya thatAM yAtrALuonA vargamAM paNa parivartana : samrATa harSavardhananA samayamAM te 6 varSa rahyo hato. noMdhAyuM buddhanI jJAna ane prakAzanI bhUmi upara dhanya dhanya harSe tene bahumAna ApyuM hatuM tethI evI paNa TIkA karavAmAM thavA AvatA bhAvuka cInI yAtrALuone badale muslIma rAjavIo Ave che ke yuvAna yAMganA kathanamAM harSa pratyenA mamatvanI sAthe AvelA yAtrikAnA pravAhane na yuga AThamI sadInA eka taraphI daSTi rahelI che. chatAM paNa cInanA eka yAtrInI uttarAdhama mAM ane navamI sadInA prAraMbhamAM zarU thAya che. najare bhAratanI bhavya amitA, tenA lekenuM gaurava, tenA A yugamAM AvelA yAtriko madhyakAlIna satanata yugamAM rAjavI enI udAratA e badhuM ulekhanIya te che ja. bhAratanA lokajIvana para ghaNo mahatvano prakAza pAthare che. insiMga A daramiyAna AvelA yAtrikamAM sarva prathama i. sa 850 mAM Avela Araba sedAgara sulemAna che. uparAMta ala yuvAna cAMganA mRtyu pachI thoDA samaya bAda eka masudI jene Arane haraDeTasa kahevAmAM Ave che te, bIje yuvAna cInI musAphara itsiMga bhArata AvavA nIkaLyA ane alabelanI ane InabatutA mukhya che. temanI noMdha I. sa. 671 mAM pitAnI yAtrAnI zarUAta karI, tene uparathI tatkAlIna samAja-vyavasthA, dharma ane rIta rivAja samadra mAge bha ratamAM AvatAM be varSa lAgyAM. IsiMge paNa viSe mAhitI maLe che. nAlaMdA vidyApIThamAM abhyAsa karyo hato tene bauddha prakriyA enI jhINI jhINI vigatemAM khUba ja rasa hata; tenuM viga sulemAna sodAgara - tavAra varNana tenI noMdha pothImAMthI maLe che. A uparAMta teNe bhAratanA lekenA rivAjo, prathAo, rAka vagere viSe paNa prathama Araba pravAsI tarIke sulemAna sedAgaranI gaNanA noMdha karI che. uttara bhAratamAM lokono mukhya khorAka ghau thAya che. taNe pazcima bhAratamAM gujarAta, kAMkaNuM ane bIjA ane pazcima tathA dakSiNa bhAratamAM cokhA hate. mAMsAhAranuM vistArane pravAsa kheDe hate. je je pradezane teNe mulAkAta pramANa ochuM hatuM, paNa niSadha nahoto. ghI, tela. dUdha, lIdhI te badhAnA dharma, saMskRti, rivAjo, khorAka vagerenI mIThAI o, phaLa phaLAdi vizeSa pramANamAM jovAmAM AvatAM noMdha paNa teNe karI che. te jaNAve che keH duniyAne kaI AcAra zuddha upara bhAratanA leke bahu ja bhAra mUke che, paNa deza ATaluM bArIka kApaDa nahIM vaNI zakato hoya je tenI noMdha letAM itsiMge kahyuM che ke " paMcaprAnta nA ahIM vaNavAmAM Ave che. Akho tAko eka vIMTImAMthI pasAra deza hinda ane bIjA dezo vacce prathama ane mukhya taphAvata thaI jAya che. meM A jAtanuM kApaDa mArI jiMdagImAM joyuM e che ke hiMdanA leke pavitratA ane apavitratA vacce na che." tenuM pustaka "sIlasIsIlA e tavA kha"mAM badhAM ja viziSTa prakArane bheda pADe che. vaLI, khAtAM vadheluM rAkhI mUkavAne varNana teMdhAyelA che. rASTraTa ameghavarSanA I. sa. 814 cInamAM rivAja che; te hiMdamAM AcAranA niyamanI virUddha thI 877) rAjya kALa daramiyAna te bhAratamAM Avyo hate. che." bhAratane te Aya deza ke umadA-bhUmi tarIke oLakhave rASTrakUTa samrATane te 'bahAra' tarIke oLakhAto hato tenI che, paNa cInane te e devabhUmi ja mAne che. noMdha pramANe te rASTrakUTa samrATa hiMdano moTAmAM moTo samrATa che, eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu e duniyAne ce rAjA A rIte maurya yuga, gupta yuga, harSa ane harSa pachInA che. bagadAdanA khalIpha, cInanA samrATa ane itiMbulanA samayanA ItihAsanI kaDIo A cInI yAtrIonA varNane bAdazAhanI kakSAmAM bese tevo rAjavI che. tenI pAse puSkaLa vAra varNana rivAjo, prathAne mukhya prakAranuM AdhI te badhAnA Jain Education Intemational

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha hAthI, ghoDA ane dhana che. sulemAna noMdhe che ke satI thavAne ke bhAratabhUmi te devenI che. ane enA para male che kayAreya rivAja paNa bhAratamAM pracalita hatuM. rAjAnA mRtyu pachI rANI caDhI AvI zake ja nahi. satI thatI. Ama karavuM na karavuM te viSe teo svataMtra hatI. bhAratanA lekanA A jAtanA abhimAna ane ahaMkAre eka karatAM vadhAre patnIono rivAja paNa hate. paDadAne rivAja temane satyathI vegaLA rAkhyA che alaberUnInA zabdomAM joIe paNa kaMIka aMze pracalita hato. teH "dareka jaNa potAnI jAtane bIjI jAtio karatA caDhi yAtI mAne che. hiMdIo ghamaDI, mithyAbhimAnI, AtmasaMtoSI alamasudI ane jaDasu che. teo mAne che ke temanA deza je bIje deza Aja samaya daramiyAna bIjo eka Araba musAphara nathI, temanA rAjA je bIje rA nathI, temanA je dharma alamasudI paNa AvyA hatA. rASTrakaTa rAjavIonA amalanuM nathI, temanA jevuM vijJAna nathI paNa teo bahAra jaI bIjA ane te samayanA samAja jIvananuM varNana teNe karelI ne loko sAthe haLe maLe te emanA vicAre badalAya. temanA uparathI maLI Ave che. te lakhe che keH "rAjA ane prajA pUrvajo ATalA badhA saMkucita mAnasanA na hatA jeTalAAjanA ane musalamAnenA mitra che. keTalAka zaheranA adhikArI hiMduo che. hiMdue amane videzIone maleccha kahe che. tarIke muslImanI nimaNUka karavAmAM Ave che. siMdha ane amArI sAthe koI saMbaMdha rAkhavAnI IcchA dharAvatA nathI. hiMdamAM baharA je bIjo koI rAjI nathI ke je muslImene eTale sudhI ke amArI sAthe khAvuM-pIvuM ne besavuM paNa Adara karate hoya. tenA rAjyamAM IslAma sAmAnya che ane varjita gaNe che. teo binahinduone potAnI sAthe samAvavA rakSita paNa che. pAMca vakhata namAja paDhavA mATe vizALa rAjI nathI. hindu vidvAne male che sAthe temanA viSayanI carcA masjido paNa bAMdhavAmAM AvelI che. rASTrakaTo Arabe joDe karavA paNa utsuka nathI. samaya badalAya che paNa eka samaya sAre saMbaMdha dharAvatA hatA. pariNAme ArabadAgara vyApAra hatA jyAre grIka ane cInI musApharone bahumAna maLatuM ane athe sahelAithI AvI zakatA hatA. sulemAnanI noMdhamAMthI paradezIo ke paradhamI enI ATalI avajJA na thatI. " te paNa A hakIkata pragaTa thAya che. samavanI hiMdu samAjanI jaDa jJAtiprathA viSe te nedhe che ke AbhaDacheTanI vRttie hiMduonAM mAnasamAM ghara karyuM hatuM. je alabenIH -- (I. sa. 983thI, I. sa. 1008) vastu abhaDAI jAya tene pharIthI zuddha karI svIkAravA teo vidvAna paMDita ane pravAsI alabelI mahamadagIjhanI. taiyAra na hatA grIka, zaka, haNa vagere hindu samAjamAM bhaLI ne samakAlIna hatA ane tenI sAthe ja bhAratamAM Avyo hate.. gayA hatA paraMtu hiMduo muslImone svIkAravA taiyAra na hatA. pitAnAM pustakamAM te madhya eziyAnA mada yuganuM darzana sAcA hiMdudharma upara kRpa maMDUkatAnuM paDa bAjhI gayuM hatuM. karAve che. teNe bhAratanA tattvajJAna, vijJAna, dharma kaLA vagerene ilAma saMpaka jema jema vadhato gayo tema tema hinda abhyAsa karyo hato te gaNitazAstrI, tattvavetA ane khagoLa samAje jJAtinuM kavaca vadhAre ne vadhAre daDha banAvyuM. zudro zAstrI uparAMta saMskRtane paMDita hatuM. zrI javAharalAla naheru ane aMtyajonI ADajJAti jovA maLe che. brAhmaNa ane kSatriya jaNAve che ke tenA dvArA lakhAyelAM pustaka kevaLa mAhitInA sivAya vedanuM adhyayana kaI paNa karI zakatuM nathI. vedanuM adhyabhaMDAra ja nathI. yudhdha, lU-phATa saMhAra ane khUnAmarakI pAchaLa yana thatuM sAMbhaLe te paNa tenI jIbha kApI nAkhavAmAM Ave paNa khaMtapUrvaka vidyAnI upAsanA cAlu rahI hatI. rAgadveSathI che." uparAMta aneka peTA jJAtio paNa atitvamAM AvI. evuM ekabIjA sAthenA saMbaMdhe bagaDayA hatA te samaye paNa eka saMkucita ane jaDa mAnasa pedA thayuM che ke jene laIne bIjAne dezanA leke bIjA dezanA lokone samajavAno prayatna kare che. pitAnA udaramAM samAvI levAnI udAranIti hiMdu saMskRtie te batAve che." gumAvI dIdhI. A badhI ja vastuone paDaghe tatkAlIna samAja, tenAM pustake uparathI gajhanIe bhArata para caDhAI karI bhASA, dharma ane saMrakRti upara paNa paDe. aberUnI uttara te vakhatanA bhAratanA lokajIvanane ane lAkamAnasane spaSTa ane pazcima hiMdanI phATaphUTa viSe paNa mAhitI Ave che. vicAra maLI Ave che. mahamada gajhanI hiMda upara caDhI Avya A samaye hiMdane vizva sAthe saMparka paNa tUTI gayo hate. te pahelAM pAMca varSa sudhI bhArata AkramaNane bhoga banyu vAyavya sarahada para dumane prabaLa thavAne kAraNe madhya eziyA nahAta. aneka rAjavIo palaTAtA hatA. rAjakIya vana ane cIna sAthenA saMbaMdha chuTI gayA hatA. zailendranI sattA asthira hatuM paraMtu sAmAjika jIvana te saraLa rIte vahetuM ne pariNAme dariyAmAge paNuM cIna ane agnieziyAnA jatuM hatuM. hAnA hamalA bhUlAI gayA hatA. lokomAM evI dezo sAthe saMbaMdha na raho. A rIte bIjA dezamAM ' banI kaMIka mAnyatA dRDha thaI hatI ke hiMda upara bahArathI hamale rahyuM che tenAthI tatkAlIna samAja ajJAta hate. thavAnI zakayatA ja nathI. tenA pariNAme sAvacetIne satata bauddha ane hiMdu dharmamAM paNa tAMtrikanuM jora vadhavA abhAva varatAte hato. lokomAM e ahaMkAra Avyo hate lAgyuM hatuM vAmamAgI enuM varcasva lekamAnasa para satata Jain Education Interational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 vadhatuM jatuM hatuM. lokonI abhirucI paNa halakI thaI gaI inabatutA (i. sa6333) hatI. kAvya, zipa, citrakalA vageremAM kAmakUpa ane aautika vRtti one prAdhAnya apAtuM hatuM. A samaye InabatutA mekakene mazahUra Araba pravAsI hatA sAmAjika rItarivAje paNa jaDa thayA hatA, jJAtibheda ane kerothI kasTeTInopAla ane cIna sudhInAM ghaNAM zahero teNe joyAM hatAM. 1333 i. sa. mAM te siMdhunA kinAre pahovarNabheda rUDha banyA hatA, vidhavA--jIvananI hADamArI e vadhatI jatI hatI. satI prathA mejIDha hatI. abujaIda jaNAve cyo. mahamada taghalakhe enuM sanmAna karIne dilhIno kALa che ke A samaye maMdiromAM devadAsInI prathA paNa pracalita banAve, potAnA darabAramAM sthAna ApyuM ane tene bhAratanA hatI, samAjamAM zuddha ane cAMDAle pratyenuM vartana paNa elacI tarIke cIna paNa mekalyA hatA. paraMtu cInathI pAchA amAnuSI hatuM. strIo pratinuM vartana TIkApAtra hatuM. dhArmika pharyA bAda teNe sulatAnanI nokarI choDI dIdhI te pitAnA kriyAmAM strIone sthAna nahotuM. strIo zikSaNathI vaMcita vatanamAM gayA ane musApharInAM varNane lakhyAM. tenAM hatI. gaNikA, vAmamAgI o vagerene pariNAme bALa lagno vara - varNanamAMthI bhAratIya jana samAjanuM tAdeza citra maLe che. paNa pracalita hatAM. teNe mahamada taghalakhanuM paNa sacoTa varNana karyuM che. A sulatAna viSe te jaNAve che ke : " badhA lekamAM sulatAna Ama chatAM, kheta udyoga ane vyApAra pahelAM jevAM ja eka evI vyakita che ke jene sauthI vadhu dAna devAmAM ane dhIkhatAM hatAM Araba musApharoe gujarAta ane siMdhanI phaLa- jene sauthI vadhu lehI vahevaDAvavAmAM rasa che ke bhikhArIne drapatA vaNavI che maMdiro samRddha hatAM maMdira tarapha dAnane nyAla karI de che te kaI nA prANa paNa laI zake che. A pravAha avirata vahete raheto. sAmAjika duSaNe pravezyAM hovA baMdhu hovA chatAM paNa te namra vyakita che. nyAya ane sacAInA chatAM hiMdu samAja ane hiMdudharma haju daDha hatAM. Araba pAlana mATe te hamezAM tauyAra rahe che. te dhArmika vidhione masadInA zabdomAM joIe te : "budhdhimAM, vahIvaTamAM, AgrahI che. namAja paDhavAmAM khUba kaThora che. keI namAja na darzanamAM, baMdhAraNanA TakAupaNumAM ne varNanI zudhimAM hiMdue paDhe te kaThora daMDa paNa daI zake che. jyAre rAjyamAM bhISaNa bIjA badhA zyAmavarNA loke karatAM nirALA che." duSkALa paDa, anAjanI kiMmata traNa gaNI vadhI gaI tyAre venisano vikhyAta musAphara mArkelaH - tyAre teNe rAjyanA anya bhaMDArane janatA mATe khullA mUkI dIdhA hatA." A sulatAna nAnA doSa mATe paNa AkarA daMDa venisane vikhyAta musAphara mArkepale dakSiNamAM kApala detA hatA. keTalIka vakhata nALiyera caravA mATe paNa baMdare I. sa. 1288 ane I. sa. 1297 ema be vakhata mRtyunI sajA karavAmAM AvI hatI. Avyo hato. te vakhate dakSiNamAM bIjA pAMdhyarAjA mAravaIna InabatutA jaNAve che ke sulatAnanA mananI yojanA kala zekharanuM rAjya hatuM madurA tenI rAjadhAnI hatI. kAyalane ene mUta karavA mATe AkarA kara nAkhavAmAM aAvyA. mArkopoloe arabastAnanA ane cInanA vaDANAthI khIce pariNAmataH dUranA prAMtamAM baLavo thaye, avAra navAra dukALa khIca bharelA baMdaravALA, umadA ane mahAna zahera tarIke paDyA. ane A badhAnA pariNAme sulatAna potAnA magajanuM varNavyuM che. teNe te samayanA lokajIvananuM bArIkAI pUrvaka saMtubana kheI beThe ema chatAM enA saMka9pa ucca hatA teNe nirIkSaNa karyuM hatuM. "kavIlenathI mAMDIne lera sudhIne calaNamAM pheraphAro karyA. eja rIte te potAnI prajAne paNa pradeza samRddha che. ane vizALa bhArata kahevAya che. pazcima sudhAravA mAMgatA hatA. teNe dharmAdA, hospiTale, vidyAlaya ane IrAnamAMthI AvatA vAha paNa ahIM ja nAMgare che. ane ane sarakArI kArakhAnAo sthApyAM jemAM seMkaDo majUrone arabastAnanA ghoDA ane bIjI cIjavastuone vepAra ahIM rejI paNa ApI. khUba ja cAle che. rAjA pAse amUlya khajAno che. vyApArIo Ama chatAM paNa te samaye samAjanuM nItimattAnuM dhoraNa ane paradezIo ahIM khUba ja Ave che. kAraNa ke rAjAnA vartAva mAnabharyo che. rAjAne pa00 rANIo che. samAjamAM H uttarottara nIcuM utaratuM jatuM hatuM. dezamAM vepAra, rojagAra cAlatuM hatuM. samRddhi hatI chatAM ya Arthika asamAnatA satIprathAnuM astitva che" lokonI nagnAvasthAnI ane darajI vyApaka hatI. vadhArAne karane bhAra garIba upara paDatuM hatuM. onA abhAvanI paNa teNe noMdha lIdhI che. uparAMta te samaye temanI sthiti atyaMta dhyAjanaka hatI. temAM ye duSkALa ane leke tiSa, zukana-apazukanamAM mAnatA evuM paNa jaNAve rogacALAmAM te hajAronI saMkhyAmAM leke maTI jatAM hatAM. che devadAzInI prathAnA astitvane paNa ullekha kare che. gulAmInI prathA paNa te samaye hatI. gulAmI sAmAnya hatI. Aja gALAmAM muslIma itihAsakAra vasupha paNa bAMdIone rAkhavI te phezana gaNAtI hatI. suMdara bAMdI mATe pAMDava pradezamAM Avyo hato tenI noMdha paNa mArkopolonI 900 dinAra ApavA paDatA strI ane surasevana e puruSonI noMdhane samarthana Ape che. meTAmAM moTI nabaLAI hatI. Jain Education Interational

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mRta saMdarbha graMtha grAmyajIvana Ama nirbhara hatuM. eTale avAra navAra rAjya saMskRtine vikAsa ane samRddhinA bhaMDAramAM khUba ja thatA palaTA enI prAmya jIvana upara bahu o sara paDatI AgaLa paDatuM hatuM. A aMgenA ahevAle dakSiNa bhAratanI nahi, tenA rejiMdA jIvanamAM lebha utpanna thatA nahi. moTA mulAkAte AvelA judA judA pravAsIone varNana parathI bhAganA jamIna mAlike te hindu o ja hatA. vaMza AvI zake che. tatkAlIna kalA, saMskRti, samAjajIvana vageparaMparAgata jamIna cAlI AvatI. meTA vyApArIo ane renI mAhitI A pravAsIonAM vana parathI maLI zake che. udyoga patio paNa hiMduo ja hatA. tema chatAM paNa, rAjya I. sa142 mAM Avela ITAliyana yAtrI nirmAlA kenTI kArabhAranA mahattvanAM pade hiMduo mATe nahotAM. muslIma jaNAve che ke "vijayanagara vistAra 60 (sATha) cerasa anuyAyIo hiMdu karI joDe lagna karavA utsuka hatA tethI mAilane che. tenI dIvAle parvatanA zikharo sudhI pahoMce ja bALa lagna astitvamAM AvyAM. hiMduoe nAta jAtanA che. A nagaranI lagabhaga nevuM hajAra vyakti zastra dhAraNa vADA kaThera banAvyA. ucca ane madhyama varganA kuTuMbamAM karI zake tema che. ahIMne rAjA bhAratanA bIjA rAjAo paradAne rivAja vyApaka bane. strIo gharanI cAra divAle karatAM ghA samRddha che rAjAne bArahajAra rANIo che. emAMnI vacce ja rahetI thaI. meTA bhAganI strIo nirakSara hatI traNa hajAra rANIo priya patnIo hatI eTalA mATe ke chatAM InabatutAe tera kanyA zALA o ane trevIsa kumAra rAjA marI jAya tyAre A priya patnIo sAmuhika rUpe zALA o jeIne Azcarya vyakata karyuM hatuM. vahema, aMdha- svecchAe satI thaya" zraddhA ane jyotiSa ne pracAra vadhyuM hatuM. satI prathA I. sa. 1442-43mAM IrAnanA elacI tarIke abdula astitvamAM hatI paNa te mATe sulatAnanI maMjUrI levI paDatI rajhIka Ave che. te jaNAve che ke " deza eTale saghana rIte satI thavA najare joyelA ahevAlo 5 teNe AvyA che. vikasyo che ke saMkSepamAM tenuM varNana karavuM azakya che. keTalIka sAmAjika pratiSThAnA khyAlathI, keTalIka baLajabarIthI rAjAnA kaSAgRhamAM keTalAka moTA khADAo bedI kADhI temAM keTalIka vidhavAjIvananA trAsanA bhayathI satI thatI hatI. A pravAhI senuM bharI devAmAM AvyuM che tyAM senAnI zIlAo badhAnA pariNAme chokarI no janma apazukaniyALa gaNavA banI gaI che ? lAge. uttara bhArata aMdhAdhUdhImAM, muslIma ane turkonA kAyadAnA amalano bhaMga karanArane kaDaka hAthe zikSA ghADAMmAM kSINa thatuM jatuM hatuM tyAre vijayanagara jevAM nAnAthatI. amuka prakAranA gunA mATe gune gAmane gadheDA para kaDA rAjyano ATale virATa vaibhava joIna pravAsIo Azcarya besADI beIjajatI karavAmAM AvelI hatI, loka-bhUta-bhUvA, magna banI gayA hatA. maMtra-taMtra ane camatkAramAM paNa khUba ja mAnatA hindu jogIo paNa camatkAra karI batAvatA. AvA camatkAre paNa "duniyAbharamAM AvuM zahera hovA viSe sAMbhaLyuM. nathI ImbatutAe najare joyA hatA. ke evuM zahera joyuM nathI." bajAramAM ThekaThekANe kamAna ane bhavya jharUkhAo hatA, temAM sauthI UMco rAjAne mahela hate. dakSiNa rAjA mAM AvelA paradezI musApharo : tenI AsapAsa paththaramAMthI kApI kADhelI suvAMga nIkemAMthI I. sa 1420-ITAliyana mu naphara nikale kenTI. anera nAnAM nAnAM jharaNAM vahetAM hatAM. rAjAnA mahelanI sAme eka bIjAnI sAme Ave e rIte cAra bajAre hatAM. "A I. sa. 1443-irAnI rAjadUta ( vijyAnagaramAM) nagaramAM sugaMdhI pupe keIpaNa samaye maLe che. tAjA ane abdula rajhIka sugaMdhI puSpo sivAya ahIMne nagaravAsI rahI zake tema nathI. I. sa 1468 vAske-DI-gAmAnuM kAlikaTamAM Aga pratyeka zreNIonA vyApArIonI dukAne eka bIjAnI najIka mana. AvelI che. jhaverI leke bajAramAM nIlama, metI, hIrA vagere kiMmatI vastuo paNa jAheramAM khullI vece che. I. sa. 1522 piTugIjha musAphara DomIMga peijha I te pAejha vijayanagara viSe jaNAve che ke 2 vijayanagaramAM. "vijayanagara zahera rAma jeTaluM moTuM che. ane dekhAve I. sa. 1535 piTugIjha musAphara nunIjha vijaya khUba ja ramaNIya che. zaheramAM ghaNI ajAyabI bharelI vastuo nagaramAM.. che. tenAM agaNita sarevara ane jaLamArge tenI anerI uttaramAM muslIma sulatAnanAM AkramaNa ane khAsa zabhA che. ahIM dareka vastunI relamachela che. zahera eTaluM karIne saumura laMganA AkramaNa pachI arAjaktA ane avya- badhuM samRddha ane manorama che ke bIje kayAMya teno joTo vasthA vadhI paDI hatI. tyAre dAMkSeNamAM vijayanagaranuM hindu jovo muzkela che." kaDA rAjyamAM thatuM jatuM hatuM tyA salIma ane tukanA uMno loko-bhUta-brA Jain Education Intemational

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710 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 a dula rajhIka vijaya nagaranA rAjA viSene pitAne brAhmaNa sivAya ke ene mATe paNa kaDaka nathI. mAMsa khAvA para anu mana jaNAve che ke: "eka divasa rAta devarAya bIjAne paNa koI pratibaMdha nathI. vijayanagaranA rAjA gAya-baLadanAM paricAraka mana belAvavA A saMdhyA samaye huM darabAramAM mAMya sivAya badhI ja jAtanAM mAMsa khAya che. sasalAM, tetara, gaye. pAMca suMdara ghaDA ane be thALa -- jemAM suMdara buTedAra kabutara, cakalI, bataka tyAM sudhI ke uMdara, bilADI ane khisakApaDa hatuM tenI me bheTa ApI. rAnna maMDapamAM beThe hate. kelInuM mAMsa paNa khavAya che. bajAramAM A badhAM jIvatAM tenI jamaNI tathA DAbI bAjue brAhmaNe ane bIjA lokonI pazuo paNa vecAya che. navarAtrinA utsa para pazuonAM bhIDa hatI. rAjAe sATInanA vacce dhAraNa karyA hatAM. tenA balidAne paNa devAya che." gaLa mAM sAcAM motIne hAra hatuM, jenI kiMmata AMkavI bAhoza jhaverI mATe paNa muzkela hatI. rAjAnI mukhamudrA . pAejha eka moTA yakImAM hAjarI ApavA gayo hate prasanna hatI. te khUba ja suMdara ane manoramya hate. mane ra temAM 250 bheMse, 4500 gheTAMnA eka jhATake balidAna tenI sAme lAvavAmAM AvyuM. meM mastaka jhukAvI abhivAdana devAyAM hatAM. rAjyanI akhUTa dhana saMpattine laIne ghaNA sAmAkaryuM. teNe mane pitAnI nikaTa besADyo. samrATa mahAna jIka duSaNanuM calaNa paNa jovA maLe che vezyAonI prathA pachI hAra para ApanA prada che A paNa samAjamAM khUba pracalita hatI, enuM samarthana A pravAsI joIne mAruM hadaya prasanna thAya che ke amATe mArI pAse teno kare che. phIraMgI pravAsI bArabosA te kahe che. ke rAjAe dUta mokalyA che. huM garamIthI khUba paraseve rebajheba hatuM. samrATe prajAne eTalI badhI svataMtratA ApI che ke dareka vyakti tenA hAthane paMkhe mane Age. pachI cAkara leke be thALa icchAnusAra harI pharI zake che. potAnA dharma pramANe jIvI lAvyA jemAM pAnanAM be bIDAM, pa00 paganI eka thelI ane zake che. A rAjyamAM na koI tamane pUchaze ke na koI tamane 200 miskala kapura hatuM. pachI rAjA pAsethI vidAya laIne ha duHkha daro" mArA nivAsasthAne pAcho karyo. saptAhamAM be vakhate mAre megala salatanata ane paradezI pravAsIo ---- rAvIne maLyA javAnuM thatuM dareka vakhate mane be pAnanAM bIDAM, paNanI thelI ane kapura bheTa maLatAM." bhAratamAM sarvaprathama aMgreja pravAsI phAdhara Tomasa pAejha rAjA viSe lakhe che ke tenI dhAka khUba ja che. sTephana phIraMgIo sAthe dharma pracAra arthe bhAratamAM AvyA te sarvaguNa saMpanna che. videzIonuM khUba ja sanmAna kare ra hatA. govA AvyA bAda temaNe pitAnA pitAne hiMdustAnI che. temane hetathI AvakAra Ape che. temanI sthiti cAhe game paristhitino citAra Apate eka patra lakhyo temAM temaNe tevI hoya te paNa temane aMgenI badhI ja pUchaparacha kare hiMdanI pazcima kinArAnI bhavya samRddhinuM varNana karyuM che. tene pazcimanA kinArAnI suMdara havA, sUryane AhUlAdaka prakAza, nALayerInAM vananAM gUM, A badhuM khUba AkaSI musApharomAM varNane mAtra rAjakIya bAbate pUratAM ja gayuM hatuM tethI ja teo haMmezane mATe bhAratamAM rahI gayA maryAdita nathI rahyAM. samAjajIvananuM pratibiMba paNu temanAM hatA. Ama prathama aMgreja pravAsI bhAratane pravAsI na rahetAM vaNanAmAM maLe che. rajhIkanA lakhANa mujaba te: "dezane mATo aMtevAsI banI gaye ! tyArapachI bIjo aMgreja musAphara bhAga phaLadrupa che khUba sArA pramANumAM upaja thAya che. dezamAM rApha phIca paNa I. sa. 1591 mAM bhAratamAM AvI pahoce 300 jeTalAM sArAM baMdara che. hite teNe samRddhi ane suvAthI chalakAtA pUrvanA dezonuM nunIjhanA jaNAvyA pramANeH "nyAya meLavavA mATe ane 17 ne pAtAnI samakSa mUkayuM pariNAme pazcimI prajA A badhA deze sAthe vepAra karavA thanaganavA lAgI. jhaghaDAne nikAla karavA mATe TU-yudha uttama sAdhana che. sArAmAM na sArA mANaso dvayudhdhanI rIta ajamAve che. samAja susaMga jahAMgIranA darabAramAM AvelA aMgreja musAphaH - Dita che ahIMnA samAjamAM strIonuM ghaNuM ja U cu sthAna jovA maLe che. rAjanaitika, sAmAjika ane Arthika kSetramAM kepTana viliyama hokInsa I sa. 1608mAM jahAMgIranA strIo bhAga letI najare paDe che. satIne rivAja pracalita darabAramAM pahoMcele sarva prathama aMgreja musAphara che. tene che. brAhmaNe A prathAne chUTathI rajA Ape che. rAjamahelamAM porTugIjha phAvavA na dIdhe I. sa. 161ramAM pala kenIMga strI hisAbanIza, svIkArane, strIaMgarakSaka, strI pahelavAno Avyo tene anubhava paNa sAruM na hatuM. sara Tomasa re ane strI bhaviSyavettAo jovAmAM Ave che. strIo A rAjyamAM kheMdhapAtra che. I. sa. 161pamAM te jahAMgIranA darabAramAM puruSa karatAM lalita kaLA, saMgIta, nRtya vageremAM caDiyAtI A bhAratamAM te traNa varSa sudhI rahyo jahAMgIranI sAthe jovA maLe che. brAhmaNone samAjamAM agrasthAna maLyuM che. teNe dakSiNa bhAratanI yAtrA karI Tomasa ra nI sAthe TerI rAjA paNa brAhmaNone pakSapAtI che khAnapAnanA niyamane nAmano eka pAdarI paNa bhAratamAM AvyuM hatuM. re nA Jain Education Intemational

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sati saMbha praya 11 varNana karatAM TerIe kareluM varNana ghaNuM ja caDiyAtuM che. jIvana jarUriyAta ochI hatI ane tethI temane khorAka TerIe jahAMgIranuM varNana karatAM jaNAvyuM che ke jyAM sudhI meLavavAnI khAsa muzkelI paDatI nahi paNa duSkALa, achata tenA svabhAvane lAge vaLage che. temAM badhAMja to atizaya ane roga cALA vakhate emanI sthiti karUNa banatI" AvA pramANamAM mojuda kyAreka kayAreka tenI karatA " barbaratAnA vargamAM nokaranuM pagAra dhoraNa khUba ja nIcuM che. moTI sImADA oLaMgI de che te kayAreka kayAreka atyaMta nyAyapriya saMkhyAmA nekare rAkhavAmAM Ave che. nokara, paTAvALA, ane kemaLa thaI jAya che. te badhA ja dharmo pratye sahiSNu majUro ane gulAmonA sthAnamAM bhAgye ja taphAvata jevA che. tenA purohitenuM te sanmAna paNa kare che. hinduo tathA maLe che. A loke nAmanAja mukta gaNAya che. temane pharajiyAta muslIme baMne khUba ja zAMtithI rahe che, kAraNa ke mahAna kAryo karavA paDe che." A nokaro zAhI amaladAronA hAtha mogala samrATa potAnA darabAramAM koI sAthe kaI paNa jAtane nIce kacaDAyelA hatA. zAhajahAMnA aMtakALa samaye kheDUtonI bhedabhAva rAkhatA nathI. tenA darabAramAM ane senAmAM baMnene paNa ghaNI bUrI dazA hatI hAkema kheDUtone khUbaja trAsa barAbara sthAna maLe che" sara Tomasoe jaDDAMgIra eka phakIra ApatA. vaTasa, kopharDa vagerene lakhANa anusAra te bhikhArIne maLyo tenuM najare joyeluM varNana karyuM che: A sAmAjika duSaNo paNa A samaye jovA maLe che, dAyajo, phakIra gaMdo, phATelAM kapaDAMvALa, mastaka para bhabhUti lagAvela bALa lagna, satI prathA, paradA prathA A badhAMnuM pramANa hato samrATe tenI sAthe eka kalAka vAto karI eTalI AtmI bhAratamAM bIne ochuM vastu hatuM paNa baMgALamAM savizeSa hatuM. yatA ane dayA batAvI ke je bhAgye ja samrATomAM jovA maLe che. A phakIra bhikhArIne tyAM Asana ApyuM ke jyAM pitAne rAhajahAM ane oraMgajhebanA samayamAM AvelA pravAsIo putra paNa besavAnI hiMmata na kare eTaluM ja nahiM paNa tene nikela manucI A iTAliyana musAphara sUratamAM bheTaye ane te gaMdI vyakitae samrATanA hRdaya upara traNa vakhata hAtha mUkyo keIpaNa a7 vyakita jene aTakavAnI paNa Avyo hato. dArA zikoha sAthe ane rAjA jyasiMha sAthe te thoDe thoDo samaya rahyo hate. govAmAM keTaloka samaya rahI hiMmata na kare teNe samrATanA hRdaya para hAtha mUkyA mAre te madrAsamAM sthira thaye hatuM tyAM i. sa. 1717mAM te mRtyu khUba duHkha ane inI sAthe kahevuM paDe che ke ApaNI pAse pAmyA teNe lakhelu storiadomogar megala samayanuM sAcuM jJAna che paNa ApaNe eTalA gaMdA vicAro laIne AvIe chIe athavA te A rAjAomAM eTalI bhakti chemAhitI pracUra pustaka che. ke enAM kAryo sAcA prakAzathI deravAya che" phrAsyA banIyera AgrAnI Daca phekaTarIne AgevAna phrAMsIska e te A DokaTara ane musAphara I. sa. 1658 mAM samayanI sAmAjika paristhitino citAra Avyo che : paisA sUratamAM AvyuM hatuM. te auraMgajhebanI sAthe dilhImAM rahyo hate dAronA mahele vaibhava ane vilAsathI bharapUra hatA. khUba ja Travels in the Mogal Empire A pustakamAM te kiMmatI ane kAmaya cIjothI zaNagArAyelA rahetA hatA. megala sAmrAjya nA vaibhavanI vAstavikatAthI vAto kare che. temane SiAka khUbaja kiMmatI hate. moTA mahela jevA zaNa benIyera eka catura nirIkSaka hato. vyakita gata rUpe enA gArAyelA makAnamAM teo rahetA. gharanI aMdara ane bahAra hadayamAM zAhajahAM ke auraMgajheba pratye pakSa pAta ke dveSa na ramAtI ramatamAM teo AnaMda pUrvaka bhAga letA hatA. moTA hato tethI ja te vAstavikatAne vadhu nyAya ApI zake che. bhAganA paradezI umara hovA chatAM deza . sa patti bahAra gaI nathI. dezanI saMpatti bahAra laI javAnI kaI paNa e samaye ke jyAre mogala sAmrAjya vaibhavanI carama vargane manAI hatI. upale varga khUba ja chUTathI saMpattine sImAe pahoMcyuM hatuM, jyAre rAjavaMzano pAyo majabUta vyaya karatA, hate. bAhya AkramaNane bhaya na hote, dezamAM vipula dhana madhyama varganA loko potAnA dhaMdhA ane hoddA pramANe hatuM tyAre A vizALa dhana pAchaLa AmajanatAne kaSTa ane vartatA. vepArIonuM jIvana sAda.-sIdhuM hatuM, paraMtu pazcimanA be upADavA paDatAM hatAM; A hakIkatanI noMdha pravAsIo kinArAnA vepArIone dhaMdho khUba ja dhIkate hatA tethI anya kare che. paraMtu TevenIya2 jaNAve che keH "zAhajahAMe eka rAjA vyApArIonI sarakhAmaNImAM tene eza ArAma bharyuM jIvana potAnI prajA upara kare che tema nahIM, paNa vitA parivAra gujAratA. upara kare tema zAsana karyuM che. tethI ja badhA loko zAMtithI rahe che. ane nizcita paNa jIve che." baMgALanI aDhaLaka nIcale varga A be vaganI sarakhAmaNImAM garIba samRddhi viSe benIyera jaNAve che keH " baMgALamAM jIvanahatuM. tenI raheNI karaNI khUba ja sArI hevAne lIdhe temanI jarUriyAtanI pratyeka vastu vipulatAmAM che. dezanAM saudarya, Jain Education Intemational

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712 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga 2 samRddhi ane eTale sudhI ke strIonAM sauMdarya ane suzIla bahu cAlAka ane tejasvI hoya che. savAre phATaka khUle svabhAvane laIne ahIMnA videzIo-porTugIjho, aMgrejo ane tyAre cokIdAra jerathI traNa vakhata yAtrIone cetavaNI Ape - mAM te eka kahevata thaI gaI che ke A dezamAM praveza che ke sAmAna jeIle A pachI kaIne zaMkA jAya ke karavAnA se daravAjA che paNa bahAra nIkaLavAne eka paNa pitAno sAmAna khovAya che. ane haju maLatuM nathI te nahi ! jyAM sudhI videzI vyApArIone AkarSavAra bahu phATaka khulatuM nathI ane aMdarathI corane pakaDI pADavAmAM mUlyavAna vastuone lAge vaLage che tyAM sudhI meM A eka Ave che ane dhama zALAnI sAme laTakAvavAmAM Ave che. paNa deza je nathI ke jyAM ATalI vipulatA ane vividha cArane khabara paDe ke phariyAda thaI che eTale sAmAna kyAMka tamAM vastuo maLI zake. cIna ne bAda karatAM ahIM baMgALamAM phekI de che jethI pote pakaDAya nahIM A dharmazALAmAM rU ane rezama eTale meTA pramANamAM thAya che ke tene najI- yAtrIo 880 thI 1000nI saMkhyAmAM rahI zake che. aMdara kanA ja dezonuM nahIM paNa yuropanA deza mATenuM kApaDanuM gADI ghoDA UMTa paNa rahI zake che. alaga alaga oraDAo bajAra kahI zakAya. uparAMta, lAkha, aphINa, sugaMdhita padArtho, meTo hola vagere hoya che. AMgaNAmAM vRkSo bhejana pIpara ane bIjI vastuo paNa vipula mAtrAmAM thAya che. ane sAmagrInI dukAna vagere hoya che " mAkhaNa ! makhaNa te eTaluM badhuM maLe che........paNa bahAra mokalavAnuM muzkela che. chatAM samudra dvArA jagyAe ekalavAmAM mogala zAsako bhAratanA te nahotA ja chatAMya bhArate Ave che." temane ane e zAsakoe bhAratane apanAvI lIdhuM hatuM. bhAratanI prajAne potAnI ja gaNI, auraMgajheba pahelAnA badhA leke nyAya ane ImAnadArIthI potAnuM jIvana jIve rAjavIoe prajAhitane khyAla rAkhI, samAna dRSTithI hindu che. hiMdustAnamAM pratyeka ekara bhUmi rAjAnI mAlikInI gaNa- muslIme pratye vartAva rAkhI dezane ane prajAne samRddha vAmAM che. eka kheDUtane lUMTavAne artha e thAya che ke rAjAne banAvyA hatAM. A hakIkatanuM samarthana pravAsIonA varNana lUTo zAhajahAMne samaye kheDUtanI sthiti ghaNI sArI hatI. parathI thayA vagara rahetuM nathI. auraMgajheba pachI te IsTa meralenDate zAhajahAMnA samayane kheDUte mATe "zAMtine yuga InDIyA kaMpanI vepArathe nImAI ane dhIre dhIre zAsanakartA gaNave che. zAhajahAMnI uttarAvasthAmAM kheDUte upara hAkema paNa banI. paraMtu A aMgreja zAsake ane vyApArIoe trAsa gujAratA hatA. te zaka, haNu ane muslImonA dhADAM karatAM paNa bhayaMkara lUMTa 2 lAvI, mIThI chatAM kAtila. be varSanA gALA daramiyAna manucI zAhajahAMnI nyAyapriyatA viSe jaNAve che ke aMgreja zAsake ane aneka pravAsIo AvI gayA. meTA jyAre emane saMrakSaka balAma'2 marI gayo aMja leke bhAganA aMgreja pravAsIonuM varNana taTastha nahotuM. badhAMnAM e tene mAlasAmAna haDapa karI javAne pratyana karyo samrATane varNanane parathI bhAratanI bheLI prajAnuM saraLa jIvana ane jyAre A vAtanI khabara paDI tyAre teNe hakama karyo ke mata bhAratanI samRddhinI vAte pragaTa thAya che. I. sa. 1863 thI rAjahatanI badhI ja saMpatti tenA ucca adhikArIne seMpavAmAM thI I. sa. 1868 sudhI AkhA ye bhAratamAM paribhramaNa karanAra Ave mAtra eka arabI gheADe teNe pitAnI pAse rAkhyo, rasaleTa nAmane pheMca musAphara " InDIyA enDa ITasa neTIva ane te paNa rUA. 2000nI mULa kiMmata cUkavIne " AthI prInsIsa' nAmanA pustakamAM dareka prAMtanI viziSTata, lekajIvana videzI pravAsIe. zAhajahAMnI nyAyapriyatAthI khUba prabhAvita ane rAjavIo vagere badhAM viSenI rasaprada vAte jaNAve che. thayA hatA. rAjA rASTriya sukha ane zAMtine eTale badhe vicAra karo ke loko ekabIjAnI viruddha aparAdha karatA ke bhAratIya lokajIvana viSe te jaNAve che ke hindanA samAjanI zAMtine bhaMga karatA DaratA hatA. leke avAranavAra utsavo yoje che. hoLInA tahevAra viSe te jaNAve che keH "hindamAM hoLInA tahevArathI vasaMta macI AgaLa upara jaNAve che ke " saMpUrNa mogala Rtune prAraMbha thayo gaNAya che, te hindustAnane kharekhara sAmrAjyamAM yAtrALuonI sagavaDa mATe dhama zALAo che ane "seTaranelI Aja ' che. moTA moTA gRhastha hade, sthiti, majabUta phATaka paNa rAkhavAmAM AvelAM che. eTalA mATe mahattA De uMmarane bheda bhAva rAkhyA sivAya tahevAranI moja dekhAvamAM te kilalA jevI lAge che, pratyeka dharmazALAmAM mastImAM bhAga levAne zaramAtA nathI. puruSa ane strI onAM eka padAdhikArI rahe che, jenuM kAma sUryAsta samaye ToLeTeLAM lAla-gulAlanI kothaLIo bharI mahAlAmAM gIradI phATaka baMdha karI devAnuM rahe che. baMdhakaratI vakhate te kahe kare che. AvatA jatA loko upara gulAla ane dhULanAM poTalAM che ke pratyeka vyakti potapotAne sAmAna jeile ane nAkhe che. lAkaDAnI picakArImAM raMga bharIne uDADe che. cUta kutarAothI dhyAna rAkhe khAsa karIne hindustAnanA kUtarAo yuropiyanane paNa choDatAM nathI.

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha ja duniyAmAM haze ? eka ja ne vadhAre Azca bhara musalamAnanI A "dazerA te hi dutAnane moTAmAM moTo tahevAra che. pravAsIonI AMkho AMjI dIdhI hatI tevuM ja arvAcIna dasa divasa sudhI cAle che. A tahevAra varSARtuno aMta sUcave yAtrIo mATe dilahInuM che. dilhI viSe te jaNAve che ke A che. laDAyaka kriyAone AraMbha karavAne samaya jaNAve che. duniyAmAM phakta rema eka ja zahera evuM che ke je dilhInA navarAtrimAM rAjA tathA saradArane tyAM strIo bhegI thaI rabA jeTale mahimA dharAvavAnI spardhA karI tenI haroLamAM AvI gAya che. garabA gAtI strIone 9hANI ApavAmAM Ave che." zake. hinduonI dharmabhAvanA viSe te jaNAve che keH "A A uparAMta te samayanA judA judA rAjA nI khAsi. pavitra bhUmimAM keI nAstika yuropiyana Ave to tenA pratye vi. US: thata, rajavADI rAta rasa, bAdazAhI vaibhava vagaranuM vigatapUNa durlakSa sevavAmAM Ave che. to ke tenA tarapha dayAdiSTathI jue vaNa na te kare che. vaDodarAnA gAyakavADanI savArInI vAta karatAM che dareka jaNa amArA mATe vinayapUrvaka raste karatuM hatuM. te jaNAve che keH "AnA karatAM vadhAre bhapakAdAra, vadhAre daba- satyA salAma sAheba-salAma sAheba' kahI kahIne asaMkhya loke dabAbharelo, vadhAre gAMbhIrya pUrNa dekhAva AkhA hindamAM temaja mA temaja ApatAM hatAM. je hinduone ApaNe lucA, kUra ane khUnI pata tA ra dine 5 yurepamAM kyAreya joyo nathI. ApaNu vartamAna samayamAM paNa tarIke ghaNI vakhata vAvIe chIe te Di tarIke ghaNI vakhata vaNavIe chIe te hinduo karatAM bhalI evI eka jAya che ke jyA 'arabayana nAITasamAM varNavelA ane namra bIjI koi paNa prajA duniyAmAM haze ? eka ghaDIbhapakAdAra ThAThamATha joI zakAya. A savArI joyA vagara bhara musalamAnanI sAthe sarakhAvo athavA to ApaNe sudhArA vAta ha mAnI zakaya ja na ta." rasaleTane vadhAre Azcarya mATe je khyAti meLavI che ne ApaNI sAthe ja sarakhAvo. jo te mahArAjAe kabutara kabutarInAM lagna kya" e joIne thayuM keI cInA ke hindu ApaNe tyAM Ave, ane te leke ApaNI che. mahArAjAe citra-vicitra tara gI tukakAo sevatA e dhArmika kriyA ke varaghoDe jotAM hoya, emanuM vartana ApaNuM has, viSe te takhe che ke: "eka prasaMge huM hAjara hate. bekabutarane rItarivAjone anurUpa na hoya to zuM ke tenA pratye vera gaLe kaMThI bAMdhavAmAM AvI, tene nakaro rAjAnA upalA buddhi nahIM rAkhe? kAzInA ceganamAM te divase meM je banAva mahele laI AvyA. matroccAra dvArA zrAhANee temanAM lagna : je te bIjA keI dezamAM kayAreya saMbhavI zake ? zivanI karyA. rAjA ane tenA rasaradAre kiMmatI vacce paherIne beThAM mUti ane ane jJAnavavADInI je pavitramAM pavitra bhUmi manoya hatAM. brAhmaNone puSkaLa paherAmaNI ApI, nAca-gAna, khANuM che. tenAthI rUkta dasa ja DagalAM dUra eka preTesTanTa dharmane ane puSkaLa rozanI bAda lagna samAraMbha pUre thaye paNa pari. pArI khurazI para UbhA rahI mUrtipUjAne jorazorathI virodha NAma aNadhAryuM AvyuM. eka bilADI dhAMdhalano lAbha laI karI rahyo hato. paraMtu tenI A niMdAthI hiMduonA ToLAM kamanasIba varane kheMcI gaI ane kanyAne zekAtura, vidhavA mAMthI vidhi ghAMghATane eka zabda paNa nIkaLe nahIM ke choDI gaI. te bhAratanA hiMdu rAjavIonI AvI te aneka gALAgALI paNa na thaI. A pAdarIe mane ekavAra kahyuM vicitrAo teNe varNavelI che. kAraNa ke AkhA ye dvipa hatuM ke amArI mahenata phegaTa ja che. je mANasane potAnA ka95mAM e eka paNa pradeza na hato ke jyAM te gaLe na dharma upara pUratI zraddhA che te mANasane kadApi khristI karI hoya. tenAM varNana uparathI ApaNAM nAnAM rajavADAMonA rAja zakAze nahi. kAraNa ke tene game teTalI gALA do ke niMdA vIo kevA jazebamAM rata hatA tene khyAla Ave che. prajAnI karo paNa e nirAMta jIve sAMbhaLyA ja karavAne.' hiMduomAM bhISaNa garIbAI mATe mAtra briTiza zAsako ja nahi, paNa rahelI dharmasahiSNutAne AthI mahAna purA bIje karyo hoI A badhA rajavADAMnA ThAkora ane tenA bhegapracUra darabArIo zake ? hinduo jeTaluM udAra valaNa jagatanI bahu ochI paNa eTalA ja javAdAra che enI pratIti thayA vinA rahetI prajAmAM haze, te eka videzIe ApelA A prasaMga uparathI nathI. joI zakAze. bhAratanA kheDUte vise rasaleTa jaNAve che keH "A lekenI dharma bhAvanA, saMskAra ane aMgrejI asara pradeza ATale phaLapa hovA chatAM ane 40 saikAothI kheDA nIce Ubhe thate eka no varga A badhAM viSe te che bharapUra hovA chatAM paNa Aja sudhI tenI jUnI rItabhAta pramANAnI mAhitI ApI che. tenA varNana uparathI I. sa. 1857 nA ja khetIvALe che. jevuM tenuM ghaDeluM lAkaDuM ane te ja baLavA pachInA bhAratanuM lokajIvana kevuM hatuM te jaNAya Ave zaMku AkArane leDhAne kakaDe eja temanuM haLa che.jyAM pANInI che. sudhadelA lekene keTalI musIbate veThavI paDe che ane sagavaDa che tyAM bharapura pAka thAya che. hamaNuM thaDA samayathI chatAM teo samAja sudhArAnuM kArya kare che enI paNa teNe sarakAra taraphathI uttejana maLavAthI kheDUte rUnuM vAvetara karatA prarAsA karI. che. teNe brAhmasamAjamAM kAryone biradAvyAM che. thayA che." bhArata svataMtratA pahelAM jeTaluM zaibhavazALI hatuM tevuM prAcIna samayamAM pATalIputro ane vijayanagare paradezI svataMtratA bAda nahotuM rahyuM chatAM bhAratIya jana samAjanI Jain Education Intemational

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714 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga 2 amitA kaMI bhUMsAI gaI nahotI. ane A amitA tenI mAM AvI hatI. tethI ja grAmyajIvana aMgenAM tenAM varNana Atithya bhAvanA, kuTuMba jIvana ane tenA saMskAro, lekenI vizvAsanIya gaNAvI zakAya. dharma pratyenI acaLa zraddhA A badhuM te megesthanI juvuM Tega ta te ja A paNa chepaNa pradeza pravAsInA " bhAratamAM pAMca lAkhathI vadhAre gAmaDAM che. gAmaDAnI najare caDhayA vinA rahetuM ja nathI. mAtra taphAvata bhautika vasati sarerAza 700 mANasonI che. gAmaDAmAM mATe bhAge samRddhine che. amerikAnA rAjA tarIke AvelA cesTara gArAmAM bhU suM meLavIne ghara bAMdhavAmAM Ave che, tene mATIthI baMsanI putrI siMthiyA se india at Home nAmanuM lIMpavAmAM Ave che. gAmaDAmAM paNa kaI kaI saMpanna lekonA eka pustaka lakhyuM che. temAM garIba chatAM samRddhivAna bhArata dharo ITa ane lAkaDAthI banAvelAM hoya che. sarerAza rIte pratye potAne zA mATe AkarSaNa thAya che tenI vAto karI che. ghara khUba ja nAnuM hoya che, gharamAM eka ja rUma hoya che. bhArata vize ane bhAratanA loko vize yuvAna peDhInI eka parivAranA sabhyo temAM ja rahe che, khAya che, pIe che, eka amerikana vidyArthinI zuM anubhave che te tenA pitAnA ja sAmAM cUle rAkhe che, eka be khATalA paDyA hoya che, tenA zabdomAM joI e te: upara bapore strIo alaka malakanI vAta kare che. sAMje purUSe te ja rUmamAM hakake paNa pIe che. ane bhegA thAya che. * bhAratanI garIbI viSe te meM ghaNuM ja sAMbhaLyuM kayAreka kyAreka temAM gAya ane bheso paNa bAMdhavAmAM Ave che. hatuM. muMbaImAM prathama paga mUke tyAre rAtre ghaNA mANasane rUmanI pAse nAnI nAnI oraDIomAM khetIne sAmAna TheraphaTapAtha upara sUtAM joIe Azcaya te na thayuM. te rAtre ne cAra vagere rAkhavAmAM Ave che. ghare bahu ja sArU ane khUba ja garamI hatI eTale mane thayuM ke cAra dIvAlonI aMdara svaccha rAkhavAmAM Ave che. reja jhADU lagAvavAmAM Ave che. rahevA karatAM baDAra sUvAmAM vadhAre ThaMDaka maLatI haze ! paNa rasoInAM ane khAvA mATenA pIttaLanAM vAsa khUba cakamoTAM meTAM ghara kayAMya jovA maLatAM nahotAM. je seMkaDo leke cakatAM mAMjavAmAM Ave che. sUtA hatA temane mATe e ghara paryApta nahotAM eTaluM ke nAnI nAnI jhuMpaDIo paNa A mANasane samAvI zake teTalI strIo kUvAmAMthI pANI lAve che. oDhaNIthI DhAMkelA nahotI. tyAre meM jANyuM ke ahIM ghaNAnI pAse aDake mAthA upara pANIthI chalochala bharelAM maTakAM, temane laherAte sivAya koI ghara nathI, phUTapAtha sivAya koI zamyA nathI ane ane sarakata gheradAra ghAghare, raNukatAM ( khakhaNatAM) ghareNAM ane nAcatI kALajI AMkho bhAratIya grAmyanArI evI lAge AkAza sivAya ke chata nathI." che ke jANe koI pustakamAMthI sIdhI ja bahAra nIkaLI na bhAratanA zikSaNane tene sAro anubhava thayo hato. hAya huiTe-pRSTa, praphula ane suMdara " kAraNa ke teNe dilhInI skUlamAM abhyAsa karyo hato, tyArabAda chokarIne lagna vakhate khUba ja ghareNAM ApavAmAM zAMti niketanamAM skUla vize te jaNAve che ke : "A skUlamAM bhAratIya itihAsanA vargamAM amArI pAsethI evI AzA Ave che. baMgaDIo, bAjubaMdha, nathaDI, vALIo gaLAnA rAkhavAmAM AvatI hatI ke vargamAM phakarAo adhyApikA hAra ke jemAM sonA-cAMdInI suMdara nakazI karavAmAM Ave che. vAMce, te badhA dhyAnathI sAMbhaLIne amAre yAda karI levAnA. A badhAMja ghareNAM lagna vakhate chokarIne pharajiyAta ApavA enA upara na te carcA thAya, na to prazna pUchAya. ane je paDe che. A ghareNAM chokarInA kuTuMbIjano bahu moTo kharca kaMI copaDImAM lakhyuM hoya tenAthI kaMI paNa adhyApikA meLavatA hoya che. A vastu ja grAmyajanenAM devAnuM meTuM bhaNAvatI na hatI A te eka prakArano vyAyAma hatuM, kAraNa bane che" zikSaNa nahi. bIjA badhA vargomAM paNa A ja rIte bhaNAvavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. A te beje hatuM, tethI mane mArA vargo tAjamahAla hoTela ane mahesuranA rAjAnA mahelanI arucikara ane preraNAhIna lAgyA hatA. paraMtu mane vizvAsa bhavyatA joIne te cakita thaI jAya che. che ke jo huM kharekhara zIkhavA ane vadhAre mArkasa meLavavA ghATatI hatI te huM eTaluM ja zIkhI zakata, jeTaluM mArA garIbIthI gherAyelI A saDaka para thaIne ame dezamAM zIkha heta , AvyAM hatAM temAM ane A hoTela ane mahela vacce je aMtara hatuM te joIne huM cakita paNa thaI gaI ane krodhita - sinthiyA baMdasa bhAratanAM khAsa karIne uttarabhAratanAM paNa mahelamAM senA cAMDhI saMge maramara ane kAcane sAmAna gAmaDAomAM sAmya janenI vacce pharI che. bhAratIya lokonA hatA. A te eka kahipate mahelamAM eka hatuM jene meM jIvana ane rIta rivAjonuM avalokana karyuM che. dilhImAM parIkathAmAM nAnapaNamAM sAMbhaLyuM hatuM. A mahela pRthvI ane gAmaDAmAM paricArikA tarIke paNa te grAmyajanenA saMparka. upara hoI zake tevuM huM kadI mAnI zakatI nahotI." Jain Education Intemational

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ati saMdabha graMtha 715 bhAratanA AjanA sTezananuM paNa sacoTa varNana tenA samayamAM paNa paradezI pravAsI bhAratIya jana-samAjanI pustakamAMthI jovA maLe che. " relagADInAM paiDAnA avAje vizALatA, dharma pratyenI bhakita, jIvana pratyenI AsthA, vacce paNa sArI rIte UMgha AvI gaI. dareka sTezanamAM gADI kuTuMbanI mamatA ane gauravanI noMdha levAnuM cUkatA nathI thebhatI tyAre pheriyAonA avAjathI UMghamAM theDI khalela A badhAM udAtta tane pariNAme aneka kALa co pharI paDatI. rAtanA samaye paNa DI DI vAre 'nAraMgI nAraMgI gayAM chatAM ya bhAratIya saMskRti jIvaMta rahI che. achI nAraMgI' 'dUdha dudha-garama-dugha" "dALaseva sevavAlA' 'cAya garama cAyanA avAje guMjatA hatA. A avAjonI sAthe bIjA dezanA mANasee kareluM bhAratanA lekajIvananuM bhikhArIonA avAje paNa bhaLI jatA hatA "do paisA do A varNana hinduprajAmAM vedakALanA bhAjajavala saMskAra jema sAba "mA nahIM hai bhUkha ha' paraMtu te khUba ja kevA te lehImAM gu thAI gayA che tenuM apUrva mAna upaje tagaDe ane taMdurasta yuvAna hatuM. paraMtu keTalAye apaMga evuM citra ApaNuM mastakane nata banAvI jAya che. ema ane dIna bhikhArIone ApaNe InkAra karI zakIe nahIM kahevAnuM mana thAya che ke hindaprajA jIvatI hatI, jIve che ane A uparAMta sTezane sTezane gADI ubhI hoya che. vadhAre jagatamAM eka paNa manuSya haze jagatanA AdhyAtmika gurU tarIke samaya ubhe te yAtrALuonA parivAre pleTaphemanA cheDe besI hindane varNavI zrI araviMde enuM je ucita mUlyAMkana karyuM che. bhajana karatA hatA. naLanI cAre bAja bhegA thaI pittaLanA te bhAratanA lokajIvanamAM vahetA ke ' ka divya vaheNane anuleTA bharI bharIne pitAnI upara nAkhIne snAna paNa karI lakSIne te nahi hoyane!! letA hatA khUba ja sAvadhAnIthI dhetiyAM badalAvI pahelAM dhetiyAne dhoI sTezana para sUkavI paNa detA hatA, gADIomAM paNa bhIDa hoya che. meTI moTI peTIo uThAvI majUre AgaLa AgaLa doDatA hatA pAchaLa parivAromAM parivAre majUre doDAdoDatA paNa dareka DabbAmAM DekIyA karatA hatA ke jagyA che ke kema !" ra00000000000000000000000000000000000 With Best Compliment From sinthiyAne bhAratanA lokone bharapUra prema maLyo, eTale ja te kahe che ke: " A lekane Atithya prema asIma hate. hamezAM emane eka parivAra mane bhejana mATe nimaMtraNa Apate. Ane yatkiMcita badale cUkavavA mATe huM phaLe ke mIThAI lAvatI. paNa samagra duniyAnI bheTa ApavA chatAM paNa huM te lokonuM traNa cUkavI zakavA samartha nathI. e leke pAsethI meM je kAMI meLavyuM che tene badale huM mArA hRdayanA premathI ja vALI zakuM. bhAratane te huM mAruM bIju ghara mAnuM chuM. kelejano abhyAsa pUro karI huM mArA bIjA ghare jarUra pAchI pharIza. bhArata pratyenA asIma AkarSaNanuM mukhya kAraNa te lokenuM e saraLa jIvana che je meM dilhI, cAvalA, zAMti niketana, maDherA. phatehapUra, jaMgala ane amRta saramAM anubhavyuM che. " The Sharma Metal Rolling Mills 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Kumbharwada, BHAVNAGAR A rIte jotAM prAcIna samayathI mAMDIne arvAcIna samaya sudhInA gALAmAM bhAratanA lekajIvananA badalAtA pravAhone paricaya ApaNane vividha musApharonI kalame dvArA maLe che. samayanA vaheNa anusAra lokajIvanane pravAha kaIka palaTAto jaNAya che, chatAM paNa je uparI vaheNane javA daIe te aMtaHsetA vaheNa che tene evuM ne evuM ja jovA maLe che bhAratIya jana samAjanuM unnata sthAna, muslIma yugane bAda karatAM, dareka pravAsIe varNaveluM che. Aje vartamAna Manufacturers of :Round, Flats Hoope & Swips. hararara rararararara000000000 Jain Education Intemational

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1916 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 ...........000006.SCOCO000000-000000000000000000000000000.Cooosssooo..oooossroce990; For PERFECT SERVICE backed by politeness promptitude VOO0000000000000- 00 12KAN is VA 0 CUSTONS LIGENSED SESTD SUGESANS 1000000-000000000000000000000000ococo...oc.COOOOOO00000000000" cocos-cocosococc0000005SOOCOOOOOOOPSCO.C.S.GOO BANKS APPROVED SHIPPING, CLEARING, FORWARDING, WAREHOUSING, RAILWAY CLEARANCE, TRANSPORT, INSURANCE, FREIGHT BROKERS, SURVEYORS, WEIGHERS. 0-scoo0ococcacuorocesoeeecos0006eeeoseseorocce 9COOCOC00000ccc00000000000000 & COMPANY PRIVATE SURSAS LIMITED Regd. Office: 22, FIRST LINE BEACH), POST 80X NO. 1200, HADRAS-1 PHONE: 22456/22467 GRAMS: SUGESANS TELEX: 041!483 With Best Compliments From BRANCHES : BOMBAY, BANGALORE, CALCUTTA, RAJKOT. H. MANGALDAS & CO. Shipping Clearing Agents, BO MBAY. 400001 CIJE SHETH AGENCIES PRIVATE LTD, MADRAS 600001 SUGESAN TRANSPORT PRIVATE LID, MADRAS 600001 SUGESAN WAREHOUSING PRIVATE LTD, MAIS 600001 & DoOOCOO 000000000OOOOOOOOOOooooooooooooooooooOOOOCCO OCOCOSO9cceC0OOOOOOOCOCOOOOOOO Jain Education Intemational

Page #722
udyogamAM AgaLa paDato deza : jApAna zrI kRSNavadana jeTalI nAma nione sAgadeza che. pazcimI 3 A deza yuropanA suyadayane deza che vadhumAM ane ayubathI naiyA Avela che Apa japAnane pravAsa karIe te pahelAM tene vize agragaNya deza che. pazcimI dezonA Udyogo ane vijJAna DI mAhiti meLavI laIe. jApAnanuM jApAnI nAma nippona sAthe jApAna saphaLa hariphAI kare che ane pUrvanI kalA saM( jina) che. eTale sUryodayane deza pUrva eziyAmAM A- kRti dharma prema saudarya pUjA pramANikatA, svacchatA vatana vele A deza yuropanA pragatizIla audyogika deze ane prema vagere guNonuM pratinidhitva kare che. jApAnIone mukhya amerikA jevA AbAda dezo sAthe hariphAI karanAro nAnakaDe khorAka bhAta che. te bhAta be paTTI vaDe khAya che. deza che. jApAna mukhyatve cAra meTA TApu ane seMkaDo nAnA ApaNe ApaNA jApAnane pravAsa rAjadhAnI TokiyethI TApune banele deza che. temAM sauthI uttare hokeDo TApunI zarU karIe Tokiye 1868 thI jApAnanI rAjadhAnI che ane dakSiNe kayuzu zikaku ane hAM hAMza sauthI moTo TApu che tenI vastI eka karoDa uparAMta che ane tenuM kSetraphaLa 2023 ane temAMja jApAnanI rAjadhAnI Tokiya Avela che. gayA corasa kilomITara che TokiyenuM "giMjA" sauthI suMdara bajAra bIjA vizva yuddhamAM azubathI nAza pAmela nAgA sAkI che. Toka no minAro 1 92 phUTa UMce che. Tokiyo Adhunika kayuzu TApumAM ane hioNziyA zikakumAM AvelA che. A yurepa ke amerikAnA nagara jevuM lAge che. temAM bahumALI baMne zahere Aje pharIthI temanA vinAzanI hAsI uDAvatA makAna khAsa nathI, TokiyenI sthiti bhAratanA dilhI jevI che. praphula vadane suMdara rIte navanirmANa pAmI UbhA che. jApAna junI dilhI ane navI dilhI jema TokiyomAM paNa navI dariyA mAge temaja havAI mAge vimAna dvArA jai zakAya. dilhI je yAmAte bhAga ane junI dihI je jApAnI vimAnI saphara karAvatI " jApAna era lAinsa "nI zitAmAcI bhAga che. TAkiyAmAM sumidA nadI ane zAkhAo bhAratamAM muMbaI, kalakattA, nyu dilhImAM che. te samudra hovAthI te kalakatA jevuM che. duniyAnuM te prathama TUMkamAM "JAL" kaheva ya che. jApAnamAM 60 divasathI vadhu naMbaranuM zahera gaNAya che. laMDana bIjA naMbaranuM ane nyuyeka nahi evA pravAsa mATe jApAnI ko-salanI (muMbaI) e- trIjA naMbaranuM prasidhdha zAsakavaMza zeku gAvAnA zaugune phisethI visA pAsaporTa meLavo joIe jApAnamAM "yena" A ida (TokiyonuM junuM gAma che gAmane vikAsa karyo. Tokiye. nANuM cAle che. jApAnamAM pa0,000 karatAM vadhu hoTala vizIe tenA rAjamahela baijI maMdira bahAra Avela mai udya na, che. ane temAMnI cha uparAMta "pheDarezana opha jApAnIjha libiyA bAga tathA yu ene bAgamAM Avela Tokiye rASTrIya TrasTa heTama"nA sabhya che. jApAna uttarathI dakSiNamAM myujhiyama ane kamA ba ga-jApAnI lekakalA myujhiyama vagere 2400 kilomITaramAM patha le 369 662 corasa kilo- darzanIya sthaLe mATe prakhyAta che. TekimAM jApAnI zailInA mITaranA vistAra vALe deza che. jApAnanI pragati paujI yuga "ha" ane "kabukI' nATake bhajanArI aneka raMga bhUmio (1867- 912 thI zarU thaI, zahenazAha papajIe tene che. ane juDe ane suye kustIo temaja " karAte' --talavAra A yuvaka dezonI haroLamAM mUkavA prayatna karyo. jApAnanA bAjI khelanArAo mATe ane jonArA mATe sArA akhADAo zahenazAha hi rahI che. chatAM rAjakIya dRSTie jApAnamAM che ke hAmAM samudra mAraphata jApAnanuM vraveza dvAra che Tokiye sattA DAyeTa lekasabhA ane rAjasabhAnI che. gaye varSe nyuyeka jevuM che. te ke hAmAM muMbaI jevuM che Tokiya jApAnamAM esAkAmAM duniyAne mahAna meLe pradarzana 19- ane ko hama najIka cicivuM--tAmA rASTrIya udyAna (434 70 WORI EXPOSITION jAyuM hatuM. ane co. mAIla) mAM patharAyeluM che. ane temAM TokiyethI tAjI. 1972nA phebruArImAM 11mI olimpika ziyALu ramatone kAvA dvArA emethI praveza karAya che hakanamAM 20 garama utsava saporamAM jAnAra che. jApAnanI vastI 1963mAM pANInA jharA che ane tenA AzI athavA hakona sarovaramAM 96,160,000 nI hatI ane 1970mAM tenI vRddhi thaI te yujI parvatanuM ramaNIya pratibiMba paDe che. phayujI nI uttara 103,704000nI thaI che jApAnamAM pharajiyAta zikSaNa che ane bAjunI taLeTImAM pAMca sarovarano pradeza atyaMta mahura se TakA vastI ochAmAM ochuM navamuM dharaNu zelA che. jApAna vihAradhAma kAme che. TodiyAnI uttare nIkako zahera 150 pUrva ane pazcimanI saMskRtino samanvaya dharAvate eziyAne kilo mITara dUra AveluM che. ane tenuM tenuM maMdira zilpanI Jain Education Intemational

Page #723
018 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 tharanI ke tame ja kahe ahIM sarvatrI banyA paradezathI le, daSTie eka mahAna mAraka che. nikako rASTrIya udyAna aneka che. nagaranA pUrva bhAgamAM 1257 ekaramAM phelAyela mRga yA vALa enuM vihAra sthaLa che. TokiyAthI 31 mAIla dUra udyA -Da che ane temAM 900 uparAMta pALelAM haraNene loka kAmAkurA sane 1192 thI 113 sudhI sarakAranuM kendra sthAna aneka vastuo khavaDAve che tenI pAse Avela 120 0 phuTanA hatuM. temAM 700 varSa uparAMtanI dabu; mahAna buddhanI gherAvAvALuM sarovara pAMcamALI kekukajI maMdiranuM pratibiMba kAMsAnI mUrti che. tenI ucAI 42 2 phUTa che. jhIle che. A maMdira pagoDAmAM AvanAra dhArmika mANaso mAchI hoMzanA madhya bhAgamAM jApAnanuM trIjA naMbaranuM ? mAro pAsethI jIvatI mAchalI kharIdI sarovaramAM choDI daI temanA saMbadhI mRtajanonuM tarpaNa kare che. ke kukULa maMdira zahera nagamA AveluM che. tene amerikAnA lesa je lisa bauddhadharmanA hose saMpradAyane mukhya maTha che. ziva dharmanA nagara sAthe sarakhAvI zakAya, temAM nagomAne durga jevA kAsunA maMdiramAM 1800 paththaranA phAnase che ane dakSiNa lAyaka che. TokiyA ane osAkA jevuM A udyoganagara che. dvAre dhAtunA dIvAo che. jApAnamAM zidharma ane bauddhadharma Tokiyo ane AjubAjunA pradeza vize aMgrejImAM TeparekarDa ekabIjA sAthe eTalA haLImaLI gayA che ke leke kahe che karelI mAhitI 503-2911 Teliphona naMbara parathI maLe che. jApAnI bauddha dharma mAM jame che ane zioNdharmamAM mRtyu Tokiyone ApaNe jApAnanI rAjakIya rAjadhAnI che. pAme che. trIjI athavA ethI phebruArIe kAsumA maMdiramAM ahIM sarvatra jApAnI asara pravarte che. ahI dareka varSe jApAnI ziyALAnI samAptInA utsava nimitte -- vasaMtsava prasaMge kalA kanyA zaizAone "nyAko DerIsamAroha thAya che paththara ane dhAtunA lagabhaga traNa hajAra divAo pragaTe che. tyAre jApAnanA khUNe khUNethI ane paradezathI leka te jevA nArAne maMdiranI lIlAo bhAratIya lekene mathurA vRMdAvananI te jovA sAMbhaLavA Ave che. ahIne jojavIna maMdira bAga yAda Ape che. nArA sTezanathI 10 miniTanA basa mAga kareduniyA bharamAM mazahara che. A zahera aDhIse je lAM zinta gAmiyAmAmAM amerikAnI ajaba bAlavADI DijhanIleDa jevI maMdira ane soLaso bauddha vihAro AvelA che. jApAnamAM bAlavADI 124 ekaramAM viratarelI che. me mahinAnI 19mI dareka maMdiranI sAthe udyAna--bAga saMkaLAyela hoya che ja baudha tArIkhe teAzeOMjI maMdiramAM dharmaguru-pUjArIo paMkhA pheMkavAne dharmanA ziMgana saMpradAyanI taji maMdira relave sTezana pAse utsava ujave che. ane leke paMkhe meLavavA paDApaDI kare che. che. A maMdiranI sthApanA AThamI sadImAM thaI ane tenuM kAraNa te paMkhe meLavanAranuM bhUtapreta sAme rakSaNa thAya che. nirmANa sattaramI sadI sudhI cAlyuM. A maMdirane pAMca nArAnI traNa cIne khUba vakhaNAya che. eka jApAnI leke mALAne pegoDA jApAnane sauthI UMco pegaDA che. temAMnuM jenAthI lakhe che te 'De' pachI, bIjI 'sumIsahI ane trIjI eka bhaMDAra ghara pavitra lAkaDAthI banAveluM che. A maMdira ni - lAkaDAnI kalAtmaka pUtaLI. pAse AveluM higAzI hAMgAjI maMdira baudha vAstu kalAno suMdara namune che. atihAsika rAjamahele ane dargomAM ni Tokiyo-haneDA monorela duniyAmAM sauthI vadhu vege darza khUba vizALa che ane jApAnI kalAnI sukSamatA darzAve cAlanArI jApAnI Teina che. menorela eka pATA para laTakatI che. semiyA gAze ane senTo gAze mahele paNa jovA lAyaka deDatI AgagADI che. che. kinAyuzA pahADanI taLeTImAM "kinakALujI" suvarNa maMDaLa osAkA jApAnanI vepArI rAjadhAnI che. te jApAnanuM eka suMdara bAgamAM AvyuM che kaTonuM rASTrIya myujhiyama bIjA naMba nuM zahera che. osAkAnI pahoLI saDake vacce vAvela 187 mAM zAhI kuTuMbe taiyAra karAvyuM hatuM. temAM itihAsa, phUlachoDa tene suMdaratA bakSe che. purANa atihAsika sthaLomAM lalitakalA ane hasta kauzalanA vibhAgomAM bahu mUlya kalA sauthI pahele naMbaraosAkA durgAne che. A du bAda pa6 katio che. the TomAM rezamI kApaDa para atyaMta suMdara bharata ekaramAM Avela nijI pArka dhyAna kheMce che. ane temAM kAma thAya che. I. sa. 794 thI 1868 sudhI kayoTo jApAnanI osAkA myunisipAliTI-nagarapAlikAnuM kalAgRha, paMkhIghara, rAjadhAnI hatuM. kayoTonI nagarapAlikA dvArA jApAnI kuTuMbane vanaspati udyAna vagere jApAnI zailIne bAga musApharone AnaMda maLavAno ane temanI dharanA vyavasthA rItabhAta jovAne Ape che. tenI pAse sutanakAkU minAro 338 phUTa UMce che. kAryakrama be divasa agAu arajI karavAthI geThavAya che. ane tenA para liphaTathI caDI divase temaja rAte osAkAnI kayoTomAM vividha parvoe aneka prakAra "oDarI" (nRtya) zobhA ane rozanI joI zakAya che. osAkA jApAnanI rAtrI ane mAsurI ( utsava) thAya che kaTonuM "miyA DerI" jIvanane rAjA che. osAkA sTezana sAme kujInA kalAdhara nRtya vakhaNAya che. AveluM che. ane te joI sAkurA naumiyA pArkamAM pharI pachI kaTothI 26 mAIla dUra AveluM nArA I. sa. 710 AThamALanA "vijaLI vijJAna myujhiyamamAM vijaLI dvArA jagathI 784 vacce jApAnanI rAjadhAnI hatuM. ane te jApAnanA tamAM kaI vastuo cAle che ane pheraphAra thayA te jANI ApaNe sAMskRtika ane dhArmika kendra uparAMta eka sAruM vihAra dhAma Azcaryamugdha thaIe chIe. tyAMnA mijA pAsedotorI bajA. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 719 nagAtA maMdiramAM enI oI ziki parva dhUmadhAmathI uja- kimene pahere che. ane te divase "karutA" jImanI kAvya--- vAya che. ane temAM sAta mANase dAnavanuM rupa laI maMdiranA pattAnI ramata atyaMta lokapriya che, kAmADurA ziyALu utsavamAM AMgaNAMmAM hAthamAM masAle laI nAce che 25mI mene divase bALako varuNa devajaladevatAnA mAnamAM baraphanA ghara banAve che. nAnDe masurI parvamAM citra vicitra pizAko sAthe saraghasa kaTomAM eprila memAM cerI nRtya "miyA DeDI" mAM nIkaLe che 21-22 okaTare (1867mAM ) kebe baMdaranI raMgIna kiyeno paherelI suMdarIo raMgabhUmi para nRtya kare che. uddaghATana varSagAMThe samudramAM naukA saraghasa nIkaLe che. menI 17- 8no tethagu utsava pavitra pAlakhIo sAthenI yAtrA che. junanI 15mI tArIkhe merikAmAM zaNagArela ghoDA niko jApAnanuM kAzmIra che. jeNe mikakena joyuM o para bALaka kavAro sAthe maMdira jatuM saraghasa Azu-cAgu teNe jApAna nathI joyuM ema kahevAya che. TokiyethI TroinamAM uMmAkane tahevAra manAve che. julAInI 14mIe nAcI degAku be kalAkamAM nika nagare pahoMcAya che nikake rASTrIya udyAna (prAcIna saMgIta ane nRtya) sAthe nAve-pAI ane nAkAre mAI , 543 corasa mAIlamAM vistare che daiyA nadI para Avela che - DAMgara ropaNI ane DAMgara laNaNInA nRtyo thAya che. amomA 2 phuTa lAba lAkaDAno raMgIna lAkhathI zaNagArele pUla rImAM ujavAtA temanA matsarImAM (ogasTa--3 rImAM ujavAtA tebunA masurImAM (ogasTa-1-3-7)zerIomA. tame zaNa maMdiranA utsava samaye khule mukAya che. A kAgaLanA banAvela mANase, prANIo, pakSIone rIte pragaTAvI maMdiramAM javAnA cAra mArgo para 15000 vRkSe che ane kheMcavAmAM Ave che. tAnAbAnA seMdAI zaherane tArA-utsava temAMnA ghaNA 300 varSa uparanI UMmarana che. nadIe ane che ane temAM raMgIna kAgaLanI paTTIo, dhajAo, hADIo sarovaro vacce AvelA rine teNu ane kunAsAnA vagerethI zerIo zaNagArAya che. Dise vagerethI zerIo zaNagArAya che. himejI zaherane kalaha utsava maMdire jovA lAyaka che heDatanI chata para 100 Dregana citra mArI gAna,citra masurI (okaTobara 14-15 ApaNI hoLInA utsava jevo re aMkAyelA che. ane tyAM 36 kavionI chabine che yAmenena hoya che. temAM moTI pAlakhIomAM maMdira banAvI mANase de ane kArAmena daravAjA vaccethI "uMghate bilADI kaMDArelA tAkata jema khabhe UMcakI kare che. mArca 3ne dine chekathIone dekhAya che ane te hidArI jigerenuM zi95 manAya che. deva DhIgalI utsava hInA-majurI hoya che. rAjAone daravAjo ni emena pasAra karI pavitra tabelA para jatAM pU. gAMdhIjIne priya traNa vAMdarAnuM zipa " kharAba kimigAya" jApAnanuM rASTragIta che jApAnane rASTrasAMbhaLe nahi" "kharAba bele nahi" kharAba juo nahi, dhvaja bhUmi para lAlaraMgI sUrya-vartuLane banela che. jApAnamAM A simiyana trimUrti dekhAya che. rino jI maMdiranA sanma zinta baMddha ane khristI ema traNa mukhya dharmo che. jApAsudo hAlamAM me mahinAnI bIjI tArIkhe gehAnazikI bhAta no itihAsa ATha yugomAM vaheMcAyeluM che ane AThamo yuga vidhi thAya che. ane 17mI 18mI tArIkhe vasaMtetsava ni. 1912thI toze ane zevA yuga che. 1956mAM jApanA saMyukta mite teNu maMdiranuM bhavya zenita gerejuM 1000 mAna- rASTrasaMghanuM sabhya banyuM. phayujha jApAnamAM pavitra ane pUjya vInuM saraghasa prAcIna pazAke ane pAlakhIo sAthe nIkaLe gaNAya che. che. e gasTanI 6 7 tArIkhe nikakAmAM kiye tAkInI trAMbA jApAnanA rItarivAjo ane raheNI karaNImAM zA kalA zuddhikaraNa kArakhAnA pAse jApAnanuM prasiddha lekapriya leka kanyA sAro bhAga bhajave che. cahA pIvAnI jApAnI vidhi cAne nRtya "vArAku' thAya che. jApAnamAM dharatIkaMpanA Dare gharonI yu phUle goThavavAnI kalA merIbAnA che ne IkabAnA, vAniyA sAmAnya rIjhamAM kAgaLa ane vAMsa vaparAya che. mAnyUyAmA vRkSo ucheravAnI khAsakalA bonsAI, kAgaLanI ghaDIvALI asara zikaku TApunuM sauthI moTuM zahera che. ane temAM mAsyAmAM sarjAvAna kalA orIgAmI, gAgAku saMgIta, bugAku jevA duLa tathA garama pANInA dAge paNa prakhyAta che. aneka prakAranA eDorInRtyo, mahorA paherI karavAmAM AvatAM phebruArI 172 ziyALa olimpI, ramata mATe niha nATako; kAbukI, kAjeta ane kaThapUtaLInA burA nATaka pasaMda karAyela saporI hakIDo TApumAM AveluM 1000 , jApAnanI saMskRtinI viziSTatAo che. jApAnamAM 125 upakilomITaranA kSetraphaLavALuM lagabhaga 9 lAkhanI vastI vALuM rAMta akhabAranI kula cAra karoDa uparAMta prato dararoja vecAya zahera che. te hakIDanuM sarakArI mathaka che ane aDI ena che. jApAnIo kacarDa metI banAve temanuM motI samAna nAnAmyujhiyamamAM enu ane gilyAka pozAkane saMgraha jovAlAyaka kuMDa haku kAvya gujarAtamAM kavizrI neharamie lokapriya che. hAka DamAM selyumAna rASTrIya udyAna jApAnane sauthI moTo banAvyuM che. jApAnI le ke atyaMta udyamI ane kacarA jevI 905 corasa mAilamAM patharAyela udyAna che. utsavapriya jApA- vastumAMthI suMdara kalAkRti sajavAmAM kuzaLa hoya che. bhArate namAM dareka mahine kaI meTo utsava hoya che ane AmAM jApAna pAse ghaNuM zIkhavAnuM che. bhArate jApAnane bauddha dharmanI trIseka moTA utsavamAMthI DAMka vize jANavuM rasadAyaka che. bheTa ApI che. sAthenArA. besatA navA varSane dine jApAnI chokarIo rASTrIya pozAka jApAnane rASTradhvaja 'hIne mAruM kahevAya che. temAM tAkInIlaka kanyA A Jain Education Intemational

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720 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 bhUmikA para lAla geLe che. "hinAmAru" ne artha sUyane rASTrIya Avaka 16, viliyana abaja Dolara thaI che ane geLe thAya che. mAthAdITha Avaka 20 varSamAM dasa gaNI uparAMta 1,289 DolaranI thaI che. jApAnanuM rASTragI , "kimigA" che. kimigAyeno artha "amArA samrATanuM zAsana" thAya che. A rASTrIya gItane i. sa jApAnanA kula bhUmi pradezanA huM jeTalA vistAra athavA 1888mAM sarakArI mAnyatA maLI. 250 hekaTara jaMgale roke che. jApAnIoe jaMgala pradezanA I. sa. 1721 mAM Toku gAvA te e vasatI cothA jeTalA bhAgamAM kRtrima upavano banAvyAM che. AmAMnA 12 ne prAkRtika manoraMjana mATenAM upavano' nuM birUda gaNatarInI zarUAta karI ane dara cha varSe gaNatarI karavA vyavasthA karelI. jApAnanI vasatI Toku gAvA kALAmAM traNa apAyuM che. karoDanI si>> 2 kakSAe rahI hatI. hAla jApAnanI vastI 1 3 jApAnamAM 1968 mAM kula 86,70,060 meTrIka Tana 704 000 mANasonI che. vasatInI bAbatamAM jApAna vizvamAM mAchalAM pakaDAtA hatA. AkhI duniyAnA pakaDAyelAM mAchalAnA sAtame naMbare che. vasatInI gIcatAmAM dara cerisa kilo mITare A 13.5 TakA thAya matsya ucherane "mAchalAnI khetI' kahevAya 280 lekanuM pramANa jApAna dharAve che. jApAnanA leke AyuSya dara 1935 mAM purUSo mATe jApAnano DAMgarano pAka 14 miliyana Tana eka karoDa Vaa ane strIo mATe 50 varSanA hatA. 1969 mAM te ane 40 lAkha Tana uparAMtane che. teNe 1970 sudhImAM 80 te vadhI ne 69, 2 varSa purUSe mATe ane 74,7 varSa rastrIo lAkha Tana cokhAnI bacata karI che. mATe rahyo che. jApAne jaLavidyutanA puravaThA mATe moTA ba bAMdhyA jApAnamAM 898 lekadITha eka dAktara che Aje IrUpI che. 1955mAM dezanI vidyuta zakitane 70 TakA te jaLavidhuta tAlemAM vasatInA dara hajAre eka khATalAnI saMkhyA che. puravaThAmAMthI maLatA hatA. 1962 mAM tharmo vijaLInuM pramANa vadhyuM che 1970 mAM vijaLInA utpAdananA 20,27 kArakhAnAM jApAnI sarerAza reja 2,454 kelarI kherAka mAM le che. ane preTInanuM pramANuM 75,grAmanuM thayuM che. ' hatAM temAM 1560 jaLavidyutanA ane 495 tharmala vijaLInA te badhAMnI utpAdana zakita pa3,187, 000 kile voTanI hatI. chellA vIsa varSamAM 13 karoDa, 30 lAkha gharo baMdhAyA che. vizvanA bhU vistAra sAthe sarakhAvIe te jApAna che, jApAnamAM yaMtra sAmagrInA utpAdana kSetre IlekaTronika TakA karatAM ocho pradeza pUrAve che. bhUmi pradezanI 80 TakA cIja vastuonA utpAdanane vadhAre vismayakAraka che. 19 69 mAM jeTalI jagyA pahADe roke che. A pahADa 580 thI 2000 A udyoge 7.498 miliyana (dasalAkha=1 miliyana DolaranuM mITara jeTalAM UMcA che. sauthI UMco pahADa kujyiAmAM che. utpAdana karyuM hatuM. A cIja vastuonI nikAsa thI jApAna tenuM zikhara ka776 mITara (12,39 phITa ) jeTaluM UMcuM 1,986 miliyana Dolara kamAyuM hatuM. che. kujiyAmAM pavitra pahADa gaNAya che. ane te suSupta jApAnamAM 1000 jahAjavADAo che. temAMnA 28 javAlAmukhI che. chelle te I. sa. 1707 mAM phATa hato mukhya gaNAya che ane te 14 AgaLa paDatAM jahAja bAMdhajApAnamAM 196 javAlAmukhI parva che. jemAM 30 hajIye nArAo dharAve che, ane teo 90 TakA jeTaluM jahAja bAMdhasakriya che. kAma kare che. jApAnamAM 40 thI 100 IMca varasAda paDe che. varasa vizvamAM amerikA pachI meTara udyogamAM jApAna bIje daramiyAna Toki sarerAza 2019 kalAka taDako joI zake che. naMbare Ave che ane lagabhaga 47 miliyana gADIo banAve jApAnanA rASTradina eprIlanI 29 mI che. te nAmadAra che. samrATa harahITa no janma dina che teo 1901 mAM janmyA , hatA teo dariyAI jIvazAstranA vidvAna che. temaNe te viSayamAM ( 1962mAM jApAna kemerAnA utpAdana bAbatamAM jarmanIne aneka pustako lakhyAM che. paNa vaTAvI gayuM che. ane Aje vizvamAM te agraNI che. jApA namAM dara varSe sthira citro mATe pa0 lAkha kemerA ane gati1950 mAM jApAnanI rASTrIya Avaka 10.9 amerikana zIla citro mATenA 10 lAkha kemerA moTA bhAganA 8 miliviliyana (abaja) DelaramAM hatI ane sarerAza mAthAdITha rASTrIya mITaranA banAve che. kula utpAdananA 68 TakAnI nikAza Avaka amerikana 123 DolaranI hatI. te 1969 mAM vadhIne thAya che. Jain Education Intemational

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pramANe che. amRti saMdarbha graMtha 021 AkhI duniyAmAM silveTika kApaDanA kula utpAdananA 1956nA DisembaramAM vizvasaMsthaH yunenA 80mA sabhya tarIke 18.4 TakA kApaDa jApAne 1969mAM banAvyuM hatuM. amerikA jApAne saMpUrNa sabhyapada meLavyuM. pachI tene nabara A kSetre bIjo che. 1064nA okaTobaramAM Tekie 18mI elimpika jApAnanA pAMca zainika akhabAro phelAvo nIce ramato mATenI yajamAnI svIkArI tyAre tenI Arthika vRddhi ane vikAsanI saphaLatA kadara pAmI. 1970 mAM AzAhI 9,520,000 nakalo osAkA najIka AvelI senerI TekarIonI taLeTImAM jApAne Expo "70 eka "70 vizva vepAra meLo bharyo ane temAM mithurI 8,770,000 ; 70 dezee bhAga lIdhe. kehAma jApAnanuM sauthI moTuM mainicI 7,480,000 >> ane vyasta baMdara che. sAMke 3,000,000 ) jApAnanA Do. eca sukAvAne 1949mAM bhautika vijJAna nekaDeI 1960,000 , mATe nobela pAritoSika maLyuM hatuM ane 1965mAM De. esa. magAyAne paNa eja viSaya mATe nelapAritoSika jApAnamAM reDiyo ane Telivijhana paNa akhabAre jeTaluM maLyuM hatuM. mahatva dharAve dharAve che. 1969nA aMtamAM jApAnI gharomAM 21,911,000 sAdAM Telivijhana ane 3,204,000 raMgIna 1969mAM thAzunArI kAvAbATAne sAhitya mATenuM nobela TelIvijhana selasa hatAM. 1966mAM 94,4 TakA jApAnI kuTuMbamAM InAma maLyuM hatuM. reDiye seTa hatA. 75,5 TakA gharamAM dhavAnAM mazina kapaDA hatAM. 1968mAM jApAne 494 philmo banAvI hatI. jemAMthI meIjI yuga (1868-1912) jApAnanA ItihAsamAM 260 raMgIna ane 45 vizALa paDadA para batAvAya tevI ghaNe neMdhapAtra yuga che. pazcimamAM je sidhdha karatAM raukAo hatI. e varSe jApAne 2,587 philmanI nikAsa karI jemAMnI vItyA e Adhunika udyogathI dhamadhamatuM jApAnanuM arvAcIna 2,144 phIcara philma hatI. 45 TUMkA viSayo paranI ane rASTra cheDA ja dAyakAomAM meijI yugamAM jApAne ghaDyuM. 398 nyujha rIle hatI. 20000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 phekaTarI phena 6114 azoka plAsTIka InDasTrIjha 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 menyuM. hAiDensITI polIthIlIna mAphilAmenTa (tAMtaNA) 0000000ccc0000OOOOOOOOOOOOOoooeeecceconoCOCOOOOOOO derI, deraDuM, nIvAra, pATI, maccharadAnInuM kApaDa, phITara kaletha ArAma khurazInuM kApaDa ophIsa : bhAvanagara kArakhAnuM : nArIreDa kuMbhAravADa, bhAvanagara che. ra0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jain Education Intemational

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722 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 WR UNDERTAKE ALL TYPES OF FUEL-INJECTION SERVICES FOR TRUCKS-TRACTORS AND INDUSTRIAL-AGRICULTURAL DIESEL ENGINES MICO SALES & SERVICE Distributors Mehta Industrial Corporation BHAVNAGAR * AMRELI Ahmedabad Industrial Corporation AHMEDABAD Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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jaya sanAtana hindudharma ane bauddhadhamane subhaga saMgama thayo che. thAIlenDa kaow zrI kRSNavadana. jeTalI. dakSiNa pUrva eziyAnA dezomAM thAIlenDa eTale sva- thAI lekanA itiDAsane prathama yuga (650-1650) taMtra lekene deza bhAratIya saMskRtithI atyaMta otaprota che. nAna cAo yugathI prasiddha che. te samaye mAMgela leAkAe jANe bhArata thAIlenDanI mAtRbhUmi che. 1948 pahelAM thAI- thAIleMDamAM AvI sattA jamAvI te pachI kALa sukhadaya lenDanuM nAma siyAma-svAma-hatuM eTale ke haryobharyo sonerI yuga (1283 1358) sudhIno che. A samayamAM ja thAI thAI rAjAonI vaMzAvalI rAma prathama, rAma dvitiya rAma sabhyatA ane saMskRtino janma ane vikAsa thayo. 1283mAM tRtiyathI zarU thAya che. thAIlenDanI vata mAna rAjadhAnI beMke thAI lanDanA veta mAna rAjadhAnI bakA- rAjA rAma khAmaha ge kaDiyAnI varNamAlAne anusarI ka rAjadhAnI banyuM te pahelAM sukhadaya ane ayudhiyA thAI varNamAlAnuM nirmANa karyuM sukheAdaya yugamAM thAI saMskRti ayodhyA thAIlenDanI rAjadhAnI hatA. sukheya rAjyanI para bhAratIya saMskRtine ane saMskRta bhASAne sAro prabhAva sthApanA rAjA indrAditye karI hatI. tenuM patana 1377mAM paDaye rAjA rAma nAma ge thAI kulane trIje rAjA hate. thayuM te bAda adhyA pATanagara banyuM. thAIlenDane rAja- e vaMzanAM aMtima rAjA kAcAvayA luthAInAM samayamAM dharma baddha che. paNa A baudha dharma eTale sanAtana hiMdu- barmAe sukhadaya para hamale karyo ane rAjAnI hAra thaI dharma ane bauddha dharmano subhaga saMgama magadhanA caMdragupta ane te nAsIne adhyA gaye I. sa. 1350 1767nA samaya nAmanA baudha bhikSu ke thAilenDamAM bauddha dharmano pracAra adhyA yuga gaNAya che. A samayamAM 33 rAjAo thayA ane te karyo te pahelAM tyAM hindu dharma pracalita thayA hatA 11mI badhA barmA sAthe yuddhe caDyA hatA. sane. 1569mAM amoe sadInA prApta thayelAM be ghaMTa upara cInI ane saMskRta bhASA- sthAyI pradezane kabaje laI pa62 varSa tene parAdhIna rAkhyuM. aA onA ulekha che, thAIlenDamAM aneka bhAratIya deva-devIonI dhyAnA 18 mA rAjA narezvara mahArAje cAma thAileMDa)ne pharIthI mUtio aneka sthaLe AvelI che. ane "muMhI te pa' brahmadezathI mukta karyo. 1767mAM banI aie ayodhyAne sthAne maLela zilAlekha saMskRta bhASAmAM che. "bAma mApa kharAba rIte pAyamAla karyuM. ane tenA para adhikAra meLavyuM. mAkhama" sthAne maLelA zilAlekhamAM pAkSI ane mera bhASAmAM paratu caMdrapurI pAse nAka nAmanA rajavADArAjAe pAMca aMkAyelI paMkitao sane 1167nI sAlanI che. pAMcamI jahAjanI jalasenA vaDe barmio sAthe yuddha khelI temane Disembara rAjAnI varSagAMTha thAIlenDane radina che. sthAmAMthI bhagADayA ane dhanapurIne syAmanI rAjadhAnI thAIlaeN DanI sarahade cAre bAju brahmadeza kae DiyA, banAvI A rAjA phAcAva tAka sInane 1 varSa bAda vilAsa lAosa ane maleziyA deze AvelA che thAIle DanuM kula gaNI tenA gaNI senApati cAo pha yA cakrIe dura karyA. ane 1782 kSetra phaLa 1 lAkha 98 hajAra corasa mAIla che. tenA vastI mAM te senApati rAjA banyA. teNe potAnuM nAma kA ye 3 karoDa 30 lAkhanI che. 84 TakA le ko khetI kAryamAM bhAtA ceTu rAlA lAka rAma prathama rAkhyuM. ane cAyA phAyA nadIne le che. tenI be karoDa ekara khetInI jamInamAMthI doDha karoDa pUrva kinAre vaselA nagara ratna kAzI (beMkeka) ne rAjadhAnI ekaramAM anAjanI khetI thAya che. ane pa0 lAkha ekaramAM banAvyuM. Ama thAIleMDanA Adhunika cakrovaMzane pAyA nArIyeLa, rabara, zeraDI, zaNa, phaLo vagerenI khetI thAya che. naMkhAye. rAma prathame 28 varSa rAjya karyuM ane rAjyane 84 TakA khetI pradhAna lekamAMthI 2 TakA 2 nAjanI khetI vistAryuM. teNe zAhI mahela ane baudha maMdiro baMdhAvyA. karanAra che. 8 lAkha ekara kSetramAM rabaranA ja le che. ane rAma bIjAnA samayamAM thAI kalAe aneka sopAna sara karyA temAMthI 1 lAkha 85 hajAra Tana kAcuM rabara pedA thAya che. rAma triIe pazcimI dezo sAthe ane amerIkA sAthe sArA thAIlenDa dara varSe lagabhaga 20 lAkha Tana cokhAnI nikAsa saMbaMdha bAMdhyA. rAma pAMcamA culAmAMkhAne dezane aneka rIte kare che. pazcimamAM tenA serima parvatamAlA thAilenDane barmA AbAda karyo ane dAsI prathAnAbuda karI, 24mI jUna. 1932 brahmadeza thI chUTo pADe che. ane dakSiNanI parvatamALA karA mAM lazka nAM keTalAka adhikArIoe nAgarika adhikArIonI kirI tene malayeziyAthI chUTo pADe che. thAIlenDanI sauthI madadathI krAMti karI rAjAzAhInuM jora kamI karI nAkhyuM. ane mATI nadI cA phAyA athavA manAma 750 mAIla lAMbI janataMtra sthApI rAjAne kevaLa pratika rUpe rAkhyA. e samayanA che, pAsAka baMga paga ane mAyakalAMga vagere bIjI nadIo lokono rAjA prajAdhipaka deza choDI nAsI jatAM. 1935mAM paNa che. tenA bhatrIjA AnaMda mahitelane gADhI apAI. te 1946mAM dezathI chUTe cha pADe che. mAIla lAMbI Jain Education Intemational

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724 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 mRtyu pAmyA. 1948mAM zyAmanuM nAma badalI thAileMDa rakhAyuM vAnanI hamaNAM khodakAmamAMthI thayelI vizALa ti che. vaTa hAla bhUmibala atulateja (rAmanavamathAIleMDano rAjA che kokiomAM budhdha bhagavAnanI bhAratamAM banelI nIlamanI smRti ane 1949mAM tenuM lagna rANI zrI kIrti sAthe thayuM A rAjA che. A maMdiranA praveza dvAra para mANasathI bamaNA kadanI rANI janatAmAM priya thayAM che. yakSa dvArapAlanI pratimA che. bahAranI divAla para Thera Thera garuDa, gAya kinnarIo ubhI che ane cAre bAju divAle eziyAnuM ve-saH - para rAmAyaNanA dazya citramAM AlekhAyAM che. baudhdhamaMdiramAM thAIleMDamAM saMDo karatAM jaLa ma nuM mahattva vadhu che. A hAI rAka alI kANa kalpanA kare ? rAjA rAma prathama ane tethI te eziyAnuM vanisa gaNAya che. jaLamArgo sasto A badhuM banAvaDAvyuM hatuM. rAma prathamanI kIti temaNe vAhana vahevAra pUro pADe che. tethI kheDUte khetaramAM, strIo saMskRta parathI thAI bhASAmAM racela " rAmakIta" rAmakiti zAkabhAjI kharIdavA ke bhikSa ke bhikSA mATe jaLamALe jAya che. athavA thAI rAmAyaNathI amara thaI che. temaNe 150 varSa thAIleDanuM pATanagara be keka menAma nadIne pUrva kinAre vastu re vasya para lakhelI AkRti Aje paNa atyaMta lekapriya che. te che. ane pazcima kinAre dhanapura AveluM che. nadImAM nAmAM vAmikI rAmAyaNane lIdhe anuvAda nathI paNa thAI raMge taratA resTorAM paNa hoya che. ane aneka nAne sAMkaLI gAyeluM thAI jIvana pratibiMbita karatuM suMdara kAvya che. beMkekanuM jANuM taratuM bajAra banAvAyuM che. thAI loke 'rAmakita'nA hanumAnane ATha hAtha ane cAra mAthA hatAM mAMsAhArI hoya che. paNa bauddhadharmane kAraNe teo mAMsa vecatA ane hanumAna brahmacArI nahi paNa aneka patnIne prema pAmanathI. mAMsano vepAra cInAo kare che. taratAM bajAramAM vAmAM zaktizALI hatA. rAmane hAthe vAlinA mRtyu vize budhanI aneka pratimAo dekhAya che. ane thAI strIo prasidhdha rAvaNanI patnI maMdodarI naMga menTo vize sItA naMga sAdAnA rezamI vastro vatI paNa dekhAya che. naherane raste beMkanI parityAga bAbata temAM judI vAta che. zera karavAne sauthI sAro samaya savAranAM chane che. bajAra aneka maMdiro vALuM be koka nagara atyaMta Adhunika vaTAvyA bAda nadIne kinAre uMce AvelA arUNa maMdiramAM nAITa kalabothI rAtrI-meja maMDaLa mATe prasiddha che ane yuropa javA ApaNe nAvane rokIe. ane amerikAthI AvatA musApharo mATenuM A eka viziSTa aNu maMdiranI bahAra dvArapAlanuM kAma be uMcI rAkSasa A AkaSa Na che. Ama thAI lekee bhautikatA ane adhyAtmane mUrtio kare che. A aDhI phUTa uMce AvelA maMdiramAM dharma ane vilAsitAne ajaba samanvaya sAdhyuM che. ahIMno javA sAMkaDA pagathiyAM caDatAM zvAsa caDe che. paraMtu upara prAcIna rAjamahela paNa sthApatya kalAno uttama darzanIya pahoMcyAbAda manahara drazya ApaNe thAka dUra kare che. A namUna che. maMdiramAM traNa mAthAvALA arAvata hAthI para indradeva bIrAje rAvata hAthI para I-ve bIrAje ramaNIya zahera beMkaDaka che. sapheda ghoDApara caMdradeva beThA che. A suMdara maMdiranAM sthApa tyamAM bhAratIya asara spaSTa dekhAya che. maMdiramAMthI nIkaLI beMkathI dakSiNe 23 kile miTara dUra AveluM samudra ApaNe bIjI nahera dvArA zAhInaukAne jovA jaIe te chApA- prakaraNa prAkRtika saudaryathI sabhara che tenI pAse enAma nadImAM vALA sthAne lAMbI sarpa samAna ubhI che. ane temane Aga- eka taratA TApu para baudadhamadira che. ane tyAM dara varSe Lane ane pAchaLa bhAga haMsanAga ke garUDa jevo dekhAya che. navembara mahinAmAM moTo meLo bharAya che. be kekathI pazcime ane te pramANe temanA nAma haMsanaukA garUDanaukA vagere pADyAM pa6 kilomITara dUra nagara prathama AveluM che. ane ahIM che. navembara mAsamAM lAla pizAkavALA 50 khalAsIo dvArA relave drona athavA moTarakArathI javAya che. bhagavAna budhdhanI haMkArAtI sajAvelI haMsanaukAmAM besI thAI nareza bhapakAdAra sauthI ane bhavya pratimAM ahIM che. thAIlenDanuM A nagara saraghasamAM jAya che. beMkokanAM vimAnI mathakanuM nAma Dona sauthI pahelAM sthapAyeluM haze. tethI te nagara prathama kahevAya che. muaMga che, navembara-DisembaramAM ahIM traNa divasano meLo bharAya che. beMkokamAM 66 prathama varganI hoTalo ane 300 vaTa ; nagara prathamathI De dUra hIna nAmane samudrataTa che. naukAbauddha maMdira che. temAM sAta vadhu prakhyAta che. vaTa suthAnamAM vihAra ane taravAnI majA mATe ahIM aneka loko Ave che budha bhagavAnanI bhavya mUrti che. ane pAse rAkSasI jhalo ane majA kare che. che agAu A rAkSasI julA parathI dUra ubhA karelA vAMsa ayudhiyA-adhyA thAIleMDanI prAcIna rAjadhAnI cA paranI paisAnI thelI jhAlanAra dAMtathI pakaDI lAve tevI spa- kAyA nadIne kinAre AvelI che. basa Trena athavA heDI dhao thatI. vaTa rAjapradiya mera zailInA tenA ghummaTonI dvArA ahIM avAya che. ahIM vaTa kunana jaMga nAmanuM atyaMta utkRSTa kalA mATe prasidhdha che. vaTa IndramAM ubhA budhdha bhaga- prAcIna maMdira che. temAM buddha bhagavAnanI khUba UMcI pratimA Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha' graMtha jevA prAkRtika che. maMdiramA banelA raMgamaMca para lokanRtyeA jovA maLe che. ahIM rAma udyAnamAM kRtrima sarevara che. ane udyAnamAMnA eka vizALa khaMDamAM viSNu ane lakSmIjInuM citra che. ayA dhyAnA saMgrahAlayamAM sthAnika hasta udyoganI vastue maLe che. khaMDamAM prAcIna citrAmAMnA ekamAM kSIrasAgaramAM zeSazaiyA para vihAra karatA bhagavAna tathA aneka prAcIna mUrti lAyaka che. ayeAdhyA mAphaka lavapurI paNa eka prAcIna nagara che. thAilenDamAM uttare parvatIya sthaLa ciMgamA suSamA mATe vikhyAta che. e thAkalenDanu kAzmIra che athavA uttaranu gulAma che. be kAkathI tyAM javA mATe 17 kalAkanI TrenanI musApharI karavI paDe che. A raste ja lavapurI ane viSNuloka nagara AvelAM che. jevIciMgamAInA prAkRtika zobhA che tevuM ja tyAMnI strIonu` AkaSa ka sauMdarya che. uttarI thAilenI A rAjadhAnI ekokathI 500 mAIla dUra che ahInA prasidhdha maMdira vaTa suAna ThAkanu nirmANa 1383 mAM thayuM hatuM. tenAthI vadhu prAcIna maMdira vaTa cigamuna 1296mAM baMdhAyuM hatuM. ciMgamAThathI 18 mAila dura dakSiNa mAM lemsananA kasbA sAtamI sadImAM vaselA hatA. ane te cAMdImAM vAsaNa ane ghareNAnA kAma mATe prakhyAta che. sauthI UMcu zikhara deI aMga 2576 mITara UMcu che. thAIlenDamAM 28-30 hajAra audhdhamadirA che ane lagabhaga be lAkha baudhdha bhi e che. Jain Education Intemational 721 thAIlenDanA tahevAronI ujavaNI thAileMDanA badhA tahevArA ane utsavAmAM sauthI vadhu mahatva vaizAkhI pUrNimA bhagavAna tathAgata buddhanI janma tenA Utsava AkhA dezamAM ujavAya che. budhdha bhagavAnanI dha ane nirvANanI tithine apAyu che. traNa divasa sudhI mUta samakSa dhUpa dIpa thAya che. ane ghUMTaNe besI sau koi mINabattI saLagAvI saraghasa kADhe che. ane mukhya manI prArthanA kare che. bhikSukane bhAjana apAya che. bhakata leAka parikramA kare che. 13mI eprIlanI AsapAsa thAIne navA varSane saMkrAti utsava ujavAya che. traNa cAra divasa A garamInA dina loko hoLI mAphaka eka bIjA para sugaMdhita pANI nAMkhe che. bhikSukAnAM bhAjana samaye saMgItanA kAryakrama cAle che. jUnA phATelA kapaDAnI hoLI karavAmAM Ave che. yuvako ane zera viDalA ane vRddheAnAM AzaCda pAmavA temane be hAtha joDI nata mastake namaskAra kare che. ane temanA hAya para sugaMdhita pANI nAMkhe che. sudarI thAi chekarIo raMgaberagI peAzAka paherI mAchalIe bharelA vAsaNa laI nadIe jai temAM mAchalIone choDI mukata kare che. cI'ga mAI vistAramAM suMdarIonu' saraghasa nIkaLe che ane temAMthI zreSTha sudarI pasaMda thAya che. lAya thAMgane utsava navembara mAsamAM lagabhaga deva dIvALI jema taratA dvIpakAthI ujavAya thAilenDamAM bauddhabhikSu ane baudhdha dharmanA saMcA lana mATe saMdharAja vyavasthA kare che. bhikSukone gheraghera bAraNA khakhaDAvavA nathI paDatA. dararoja ekavAra teA savAre bhikSA mATe nIkaLe che ane ekavAra jame che. thAi bhikSuemAM dhumrapAna rjina nathI tethI bhikSAmAM lAbha uparAMta sIgAreTa sAbu vagere paNa hoi zake. baudhdha matirAmAM paNa gaNeza vagere hindudeva devatAnI mUrti A hAya che. lavapurI ( lApa bhurI) viSNu bhagavAnanI mUrtivALu ma Mdira che ane hanumAna maMdira paNa che. kavapurIramAM vAMdarAe sArA pramANamAM DAvAthI devasthAna maLyuM che ane temAM kro isuva bhagavAna rAmanImUrti maLI che. A nagaranA khaMDeromAM bhagavAna budhdhanI pratimA AdhArita che. temAM nava yuvaka rAjakumAra parvatIya rAjAnI thaIlenDanI prAcIna nRtya zailI nera loka nRtya para ardha manuSya ane adha pakSInAM zarIravALA putrI manoharAMnA maLI nathI. brahmAjI thAilenDamAM magala ane kalyANanA pratikapremanI vAta che maneharA parathI nArA nRtyanuM nAma apAyuM che. manAya che, aneka gharanI bahAra temanI mUrtinI sthApanA kuTu'khanI rakSA mATe thAya che. e kAkanI meTI irAvata hoTalanI bahAra brahmAjInI mUrti sthapAyelI che. rASTrIya saMgrahAlayamAM viSNu, zivali'ga pacamUrti zvAnavAhana sAthe zItalAmAtA vINAvAdinI sarasvatI baMsarI vagADatA kRSNa navagrahA vagerenI mUrtie jovA maLe che. thAi sarakAranA zilpa ane kalA vibhAganA dvAra para vizvakarmAnI mUrti rAkhavAmAM AvI che. e kAkAnA lumbinI pArkanA vizALa sareAvaramAM eka jahAja para meoTI hoTala che. A jahAjane kinnarI nAma apAyuM che. ane tenA AgaLanA bhAgamAM ki narInI pratimA che. che. pAMdaDAmAMthI judA jUdA AkAranI heADIe karI temAM grUpa ane dIpaka jalAvI rAtre caMdra prakAzamAM taratI mUkavAmAM Ave che. A tahevAramAM khAkhAnI ( mAtA gaMgAneA thai uccAra ) upAsanA mATe ujavAya che A divase mA khAkhAnI pAse pApanI kSamA yAcanA karavAmAM Ave che. kRSi dhAmadhUmathI ekAMkanAM medAnamAM ujave che, thAilenDamAM mahemAnone dUdha vagaranI cAha apAya che. ane te lAvanAra karI rUmamAM ghUMTaNa para cAlIne Ave che. ane eja rIte pAchI jAya che. " < khAna ' nRtyamAM purUSo maheArA paherI mUka sakatA mudrAe dvArA rAma ayurAnu yudhdha rAvaNa hanumAna yudhdha sItAharaNa vagere prasagA 1973thI jAhera medAnamAM khele che ' khAna' nRtyanA vikAsa strIonAM lakhAna ' nRtyamAM thayA che. lakhAna nRtyamAM khAsa karIne prema kathAe hAya che. temAM traNa prakAra che (1) lakhAna nAke (2) lakhAna duka damavana ane (3) Adhunika lakheAna trIjI zailImAM prathama e zailI samAi jAya che. ane temAM puruSanu pAtra paNa mahilAja bhajave che. lakhAna nRtya kamloja kamboDiyAthI thAI vijetA

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726 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga 2 sAthe AvelA rAjananake dvArA AvyuM che. tenI kathA varatuM 'siMghAnidhAna" mahattvanAM che. temAM bauddhadharmane itihAsa tathA budhanAM chellA avatAranAM jIvanamAMthI levAI che. tenI gati laMkA pagAnamAM dharmapracAra tathA dharma rAjanagara, sukhadaya ane manDa hoya che. nRtya sAthe sitAra jevuM pita vAgha--yaMtra adhyAmAM lAvelI bauddha mUrtione ullekha che. pannAsa vAge che. baMsarI vAdana thAya che. ane cena tathA ramata taba (50) jAnaka pAlI bhASAmAM che. rAme jAtakamAM rASTriya dhAlAnA tAla Ape che. te sAthe ciMga-maMjIrA paNa vAge che. phAgumane rAma kahyo che. ane mikAMga nadI upara indrapatanA thAIlenDa jevA nAnA dezamAM eka hajAra jeTalA philma duSTa rAjA rAvaNa nAthe tanuM yudhdha varNavAyuM che. "mahAjAti" mATenAM thiyeTara che. temAM 42 jeTalA te beMkekamAM che. thAI eka nitIzAstranuM kAvya che. "samudraghokha " ayodhyA kALanuM lenDamAM 90 TakA raMgIna philma taiyAra thAya che. zarUAtamAM praNaya kAvya che 17 sadImAM rAjAnAM gurUe kAvyamAM kina dharma paurANika gAthAo. ane itihAsanI vAte temAM AvatI dAmanI nAme syAmAM bhASAnuM vyAkaraNa racyuM. rAjA narAInAM paNa have pAzvAtya asara nIce jAsusI gunhA ane sekasa nagnatA darabAramAM zrI mahesAtha nAmano eka prasidhdha kavi thaI gayo. thAI rAjAe lakhela kAmakItI dvArA rAmAyaNanI temAM vadhu paDato bhAga bhajave che. vArtAo ane kAvyo. pracalIta thayAM rAjA meMgakukulanAM samaphebruArIthI eprIla sudhI thAIlenDamAM pataMga uDADa- yamAM sAhityamAM udAraciMtane praveza karyo rAma cethAe vAne zokha bimArI jema phelAya che. rAjA narAI ane nakenI kAvyamAM mukta chaMdono prayoga karyo ane pazcimI prabhAva rAjasImAnI laDAImAM pataMgane upAya damana para visphoTaka sAhityamAM Avyo. teNe zakuMtalA ane rAmakitI jevI nRtyapadAtha pheMkavAmAM karyo hate. rAjA tulA lokhane pataMga bAjIne nATikAo thaI bhASAmAM lakhI. Adhunika sAhityakAromAM zrI eka rASTriya spardhA banAvI dIdhI. pataMga bAjInI spardhAmAM kukaradhInuM nAma vizeSa ulalekhanIya che. jItanArane rAjA jAte TrophIo ApIne sanmAne che. pataMgabAjInI medAnanA be bhAga pADavAmAM Ave che. ane pachI be - 1927mAM bhAratanAM mahAkavi ravindranAtha TAgere thAI. pakSe vacce harIphAI jAya che. thAIlenDanI pataMge bhAratanI leMDanI vijJAna yAtrA karI hatI. te vakhate thAI nareze pataMge karatA khUba moTI ane vividha AkAranI hoya che. sauthI karelI vinaMtI parathI TAgore svAmI vidvAna satyAnaMda pahelA uDADavAmAM AvatI pataMga calAM nara patavA ya che purIne thAIleMDa javA prayIne thAIla'DamAM vIsamI sadInAM te sAta phuTanI athavA vadhu laMbAInI hoya che. mAdAnArI trIjA dAyakAmAM pahoMcyA ane temaNe thAI bhASAnuM gahana pataMgane karyo kahe che. eka cuMlAnI kiMmata 100 thI 150 adhyayana karI thAI graMtha aMgrejImAM anudita karyA ane rUpiyA jeTalI hoya che. bIjI lekapriya ramata che hepa takarAM bhAratIya dharma graMthanuM thaI bhASAmAM bhASAMtara karyuM temaNe temAM 16 mITaranI trijyAvALuM medAna hoya che. ane sAta saMskRta pracAra para bhAra mUke te culA lekhAne vizva khelADIo hoya che. ramata 30 mInITa cAle che. temAM lAta vidyAlayamAM saMskRtanA prAdhyApaka tarIke nimAyo 1930mAM mArIne daDAne bAskeTa bola jema hRpamAM pahoMcADavAno hoya temaNe beMkamAM thAi bhArata saMskR ta Alamane pAye che. daDAnuM vajana 200 grAma ane teno righa 16Ica hoya nAMkhyA ane tene dharmA praya nAma ApyuM. bhArata ane thAI che. Azreya dAyaga nAmanI vyaktie lokapriya banAvI. jamIna lenDanAM sAMskRtika saMbaMdhe temaNe tAjA. karI majabUta karyA. para daDopaDe nahIM tevI rIte late ddha rA tene vadhAremAM vadhAre Azcama eka skUla calAve che. ane svAmIjInA nAma para vakhata uchaLate rAkhave. ne te takarAne bIjo prakAra che. 12 eka vizALa pustakAlaya ane vAMcanAlaya paNa che. svAmI daDAne paDavA na denAra kuzaLa khelADI hoya che. 30 varSa pahelA tela satyAnaMdapurI thAInDamAM khuba lokapriya hatA. bIjA mahAAve kuzaLa khelADI lAeMga saMgavAnA hatA. takarA trIju 3 yuddha vakhate eka saMmelanamAM bhAga hovA vimAnamAM jApAna svarUpa baDemiMTana jevuM neTa bAMdhI ramavAmAM Ave che. jatA akasmAtathI tenuM mRtyu thayuM temane aMjali ApatA te samayanAM thAIDanAM kahayuM hatuM bhagavAna buddha pachI bhArathAIbhASAmAM svaranuM pramANa vadhAre che. vyaMjanane te tenI thAilenDane sauthI mahatvanI bheTa svAmIjI hatI. loke phayachanaH kahe che. paisA jevA sikakA mATe zatAMga zabda vaparAya che. vidyAlaya mATe vidyAlaya ane AcArya zabda thAIvAsiyo bhArata pratye haMmezA viziSTa AdarabhAva vaparAI rathavAna eTale rASTrapati ane rathamaMtrI eTale rASTra rAkhe che. suprasiddha thAI dArzanika krIyA anumAna rAjadhAne maMtrI thAI-svAmI sAhityanI zarUAta 1283mAM sukhadayamAM te eTale sudhI kahayuM che ke duniyAnI koIpaNa be saMskRtio rAma (khAmaheMga) rAjAe viziSTa lipimAM zilAlekho dvArA thAI ane bhAratIya saMskRti jeTalI ekabIjAnI najIka nathI karI. tenA putra litAIe " trabhUmikathA "nuM pustaka lakhI Ama thAIleMDa bhAratIya saMskRtithI raMgAyelI che, (1345) temAM brahmAMDanI vAta karI, paMdaramI ane roLamI ApaNe e deza viSe jANavAnI jijJAsA na rAkhIe to tenuM sadImAM lakhAyelA graMthamAM "jinakAmAlI' (1516) ane kalaMka chevAnuM kArya A du:kha karete ghaNuM che. vaparAya che. vidyAlayanA pati ane rathamaMtrI eTale ke te eTale sudhI kahayuM ke AvI ekabIjAnI naja Jain Education Intemational

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aphaghAnistAna -kRSNavadana jeTalI. Arata ane aphaghAnistAnane saMbaMdha mahAbhArata kALa AvyA che. bAmiyAmAM bauddha dharmanuM kendra hatuM ane tyAM pahelAM che. kauranA pitA dhRtarASTranI patni gAMdhArI apha- bhagavAna buddhanI vizALa pratimA hajuye che. aphaghAnistAna ghAnistAnane gandhAranI rAjakumArI hatI. aphaghAnistAnI khurAsAna sUryodayane pradeza paNa kahevAtuM hatuM. pAkIstAnanA paThANa ane vedonI racanA aphaghAnistAnamAM thaI hatI. caMdra- kaveTA zaherathI belanaghATane raste kaMdhAra---aphaghAnistAnamAM gupta ane azokanA samayamAM aphaghAnistAnano moTo bhAga pravezI zakAya che. hAla aphaghAnistAnamAM zAha jhAhirakhAnuM bhAratamAM hatA. ApaNu sadUgata rASTrapati jhAkira husena paThANuM zAsana che. hatA. Aje bhArata ane aphaghAnistAna vacce pAkistAna aphaghAnistAnanuM pATanagara kAbula cAradeha" ane AveluM che chatAM bhArata ane aphaghAnistAna mitra deza che. 'begarAma'nI lIlIchama ghATiye vacce nadInI baMne bAjue sarahadanA gAMdhI khAna abdula gaphakhAnane aphaghAnistAne ja AveluM che. zahera bahAra bAlA hasAra nAmane killA je Azraya Apyo che. dilahIthI aphaghAnistAnanI rAjadhAnI kAbu mahela che. pahelAM ahIM aphaghAna rAjA rahetA. paNa have lamAM vimAna bhAge traNa kalAkamAM pahoMcI zakAya che. jamIna tene sainikanI keleja tarIke upayoga thAya che. rAjAnA mahemAge pezAvarathI moTaramAM be kalAkamAM aphaghAnistAnamAM pravezAya lanuM nAma "arakae-zAhI che, tenA para cAramaTA dhummaTa kAraNa pezAvarathI aphaghAnistAnanI sarahada trIsa pAMtrIsa re che. kAbulathI cAra mAIla cAlIsa taMbhevALe "mahela atUna mAila dUra che. pezAvarathI aphaghAnistAna jatAM vacce jamazedane prAcI kilo Ave che. te khabaraghATa para che. te pachI sarakArI atithigRha che. alI masjida Ave che. ahIM pahADI loke vastuo kharIdavA aphaghAnistAna ATha moTA ane cha nAnA prAMtamAM Ave che. pezAvaranI nAnI relave lAIna laDIkalana sTezane vibhAjita thayela che. (1) kAbUlata (2) kaMdhAra (3) hirAta pUrI thAya che. laDIkenalathI aphaghAnistAnamAM javAya che ane (4) nUrIstAna (5) majAra zara pha(6) kAganA (7) niMgAradAra pahelI aphaghAna cokI terakhama mAse mAmere pAsaporTa ama. ane (8) paTikA athavA pAkatiyA. A AThamoTA prAMta ane ladAra) pAsaporTa jue che. tyAMthI sAta mAIla dUra "kA' (1) emanAha (2) phArADu (3) badalakhAM (4) zaka cakI para pharIthI sainike pAsaporTa jae che. aphaghAnistAnane (pa) haravAna ane (6) gajhanIe aphaghAnistAnanA cha nAnA prathama zahera jalAlAbAda sarahadathI 40 mAIla dUra che. ahI mAtA che. thAka utArI khAIpI rAjadhAnI kAbula javA mATe 90 dhAma kabula mAIlanuM aMtara kApavuM paDe. kAbulano rasto suMdara che. baMne bAju hariyALA parvate, khetaro, jharaNuM ane drAkSa, akharoTa kAbula nadIthI 40 mAIla dUra 5850 phUTanI UMcAI vagere phaLanI vADIo che. pezAvarathI kAbala pAkI saDaka che. para Avelu rAjadhAnInuM zahera kAbula atyaMta AkarSaka che. kAbulamAM guru gorakhanAthanuM prAcIna maMdira che. tenuM saMskRta nAma "kubhA' che. tenuM saMsada bhavana jevAlAyaka che. zAha amAnullakhAM e te baMdhAveluM. kAbulanuM ajAyaba saMskRti ghara myujhiyama eziyAmAM vikhyAta che. kAbulamAM kehazamananI aphaghAnistAnanuM kSetraphaLa be lAkha cosaTha hajAra corasa jagavikhyAta drAkSa atyaMta sulabha che. "mahala satna' gulabAga mAIla ane vastI eka karoDathI vadhu che. aphaghAnistAnane ane pIgamAna bAgamAM pharavAnI majhA Ave che. bAsiyAnuM sau parvata hindukuza che ane tenuM zikhara " sakArAma ' prasiddha atihAsika nagara kAbula prAMtamAM che ane tyAM prAcIna 15690 phUTa ucu che. A parvata para bAre mAsa barapha che. baudhdhamaMdira ane guphAo maLI AvyAM che. budhdha bhagavAnanI tethI tene "sapheda kAha kahe che. aphaghAna paThANe muslima dharma 115 phUTa pahoLI ane 175 phUTa moTI mUrtio ahIM che. pALe che. temanI mAtRbhASA pastA athavA pakhta kahevAya che. bAmiyAne "zahera galagalA" athavA "verAna nagara" paNa aphaghAnistAnanuM prAcIna nAma AryA che. bhAgyeda ane ? kahevAya che. pArasI dharmagraMtha avestAnI racanA A pradezamAM thaI hatI. mahAbhAratane gaMdhAra eja hAlane kaMdhAra rAjadhAnIaphaghAnistAnanA dakSiNa bhAgamAM khodakAma karatAM saMskRta, vALo kaMdhAra trAMta kaMdhArane lAla dADama bhAratamAM paNa prasidhdha pAlI, khAsAna, kharoSTI vagere bhASAonA zilAlekhe maLI che. ahIMnI drAkSa atyaMta mIThI hoya che ane bajAramAM Jain Education Intemational ation Intermational

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72. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 phaLo khUba vecAya che. nadIo ane naheronI jALa pAtharIne gajhanI sudhI saDaka jAya che. gajhanIno pAyo bhAratanA rAjA A prAMta atyaMta phaLadrupa banAvAya che kaMdhAramAM hindu maMdira gaje nAkhyuM hatuM ane bauddhakAlamAM te baudhdhamatanuM pracAra ane zikhanA gurudvAra paNa che. ahIM 2200 varSa pahelAMno kendra hatuM. badakhazamAM mUlya vAna patthara maLe che ane te mahArAjA azokanA upadezono zilAlekha maLI Avyo che. maLe che ane te bhAratamAM "lAhale badakhazAM" ne nAme oLaahIMnA saMgrahAlayamAM mahamada payagambarano jhabhbha " jAmA khAya che. mubAraka" sAcave che. hirAtanI rAjadhAnI hirAta ja che. prAcIna zahera jillAmAM vasyuM che. ane Adhunika zahera killA kAbulathI 19 kimiTara dUra UMcA pahADa para AveluM bahAra, megala samrATa zAha rUpe A nagarane sArI rIte pagayAta unALAmAM havA khAvA mATenuM suMdara sthaLa che. kAbuvasAvyuM che. hirAtanI "ka"-gAlIcA -zetaraMjI khUba lathI 40 kilomiTara AveluM IslAlika jANe lIlIchama prasidhdha che. hirAta zaheranI bahAra prAcIna imAratAnA ava- parvatIya jagyA para eka svarganA TukaDA jevuM lAge che. ahIthI zeSa jovA maLe che. hindukuza parvata pasAra karIne jatAM baraphathI DhaMkAyelA hindukuza pahADanAM suMdara dRzya AMkhane kArItAna athavA hAlanA nurIstanane prAMta Ave che. tRpta kare che. majAra zarIpha e bakhtariyA athavA "bekaTriyAne pradeza che. pAMca hajAra varSa para Aryoe ahIM rAjya sthApyuM hatuM taMgadhAramAM (kAbulathI 15 kilomiTara dUra ) nAnI ane prAcIna "bakhI' hAlanuM 'balakha" tenI rAjadhAnI hatuM. nAnI suraMge che temAM eka te 2600 mITara lAMbI ane balakha" nagaronI mAtA athavA moTA dhvajonuM zahera kahevAya 1100 miTaranI uMcAI para che. A suraMgamAMthI seMkaDo che. kAraNa sikaMdara selyukasa ane mahArAjA kaniSkanA deva moTara gADIo pasAra thAya che. temAM rozanI ane havAnI sArI vyavasthA karelI che. pUla-e-khumarI e nAnuM suMdara ahIM pharakatA hatA. pArasI dharmanA sthApaka a jarathuSTrane janma ahIM thaye hatA ane pArasI dharma pustaka " aMda zahera che. temAM kApaDanI mIla che. ane raziyAmAM ahIMthI praveza thaya zake che. sukha kAnala | lA lAla kile pUla avatAnI racanA paNa ahIM ja thaI hatI. badhAnA prAcIna madira "nava vihAranAM khaMDera ahI maLI AvyAM che. e khumArIthI 25 kilomiTara dUra che. ane ahIM prathama prasidhdha polenI ramata ahIMthI ja duniyAmAM phelAI hatI. sadImAM rAjA kaniSka agnidevatAnuM vizALa maMdira baMdhAvyuM balakha majAra zarIphathI 22 kilomiTara dUra pazcimamAM che. majAra hatuM. A maMdira pahADa para che. ane tyAM javA pagavavA zarIpha muslima lokonuM yAtrAdhAma che. hajarata mahaMmada payaga che. hajI tyAM agnipUjA thAya che. A maMdiranI zodha phenca aranA jamAI khalIphAalInI kabara ahIM hovAne kAraNe tene purAtatva vize karI hatI. lazkarI chAvaNIne lIdhe " lazakara gAha bosta" nAma pAmela pradeza Adhunika siMcAInA premajAra zarIpha kahe che. A prAMtanA ghoDA khUba vakhaNAya che. kArakalInI TopIone meTo vepAra ahIM cAle che ane jekaTanuM kendra che. sulatAna masaude halamaMda nadI para ahIM 1966mAM aphaghAnistAne bIjA dezone karAkalInA 24 lAkha eka vizALa mahela baMdhAvela hatuM paNa Aje tenA khaMDera jovA maLe che. baje amIra bImiyAthI 73 kilomiTara dUra TUkaDA vecyA hatA. majAra zarIphanI vAdaLI raMganI masjida eka suMdara sthaLa che. ahIM leke sarovarane kinAre taMbuo atyaMta suMdara che. bAMdhI ujANI ane AnaMda mANavA ane taravA Ave che. kaTAganA prAMta eTale phaLadrupa che ke aphaghAnistAnanA begarAmamAM mahArAjA kaniSka eka vizALa bhavana baMdhAvyuM lokomAM kahevata che ke "sonuM joIe te kaTAganA jAva." hatuM tenA avazeSa hajIye majuda che. ahIM khedakAma karatAM buddha bhagavAnanI mUrtio maLI AvI hatI hAthI dAMtanI niMgaradAra prAMta bIju nAma "simene mazakI" athavA suMdara vastuo ahIM taiyAra thAya che. pUrvanI bAnuM che ahIM akharoTa khUba pedA thAya che. "A prAMtanuM AkarSaka pahADI nagara "sApana garaDha' che. A prAMtamAM AvelI "kacAra ghATIne raste sikaMdaranI henA gaI hatI ane jaga prasiddha gAMdhAra mUrtikalAnA prAraMbha I. sa. pUrve 200 varSa pahelAM kaMdhAramAM thayo hate prasiddha bauddha dharma mugala bAdazAha bAbare bhAratamAM praveza karavA kAbalathI AgaLa pracAraka madhyanitkAe bauddha dharmane pracAra A pradezamAM vadhI Aja raste lIdho hate. I. sa. pUrve 200 varSa pahelAM karele ane leke budha - paTikA athavA pAkatiyAne "simmate janUbI' athavA gavAnanI mUrtio ghaDatA. pezAvara ane takSazilAmAM gAMdhAra dakSiNane prAMta paNa kahe che. A prAMtanA lake acchA baMdU- mUrtikalAnA suMdara namUnA che. vartamAna kaMdhAra nagaranI sthAkanA nizAna bAja che ane uDatA pakSI ane vimAnane paNa panA 19mI sadImAM ahamada zAha abdAlIe karI hatI. baMdUkathI nIce pADe che. A pahADI prAMta che ane ahIMthI kaMdhAramAM vimAnI mathaka che. Jain Education Intenational

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rati saMdabhaprAya 729 jalAlAbAdathI cha mAIla dUra dakSiNamAM hAdA nAmanuM khuzahAlakhAna auraMgajhebanA jamAnAmAM thaI gayA auraMgajhebeprasiddha sthaLa che. ahIM aMgrejonI sAme potAnA dezanI tene dago daIne keda karyo hate. kaviyatrI rUmbiyAnI rubAIyA svataMtratA mATe laDanAra vIra senAnI najamudInanI kabara che. e balakhI kRti atyaMta lokapriya che. pazto bhASAnA krAMtitenI pAse sulatAnapura nagara AveluM che. temAM phaLonI moTI kArI kavi rahamAnabAbAe dezamAM AjhAdI premanI bhAvanA vADI che ane svaccha pANInAM jharaNAM che paThANa mATe A relAvI hatI. kAbulamAM "anIsa ane alaIsalAI nAme be eka tIrthasthAna che. IrAnanI sarahada pAse aphadhAnistAnanA dainika vartamAna patro pragaTa thAya che ane "AryAnA" mAsika sarovara hAlerI halamaMdanuM pANI sauthI vadhu khAruM che. sAMskRtika sAhitya pragaTa kare che. 1946mAM kAbulamAM polUna" vizva vidyAlaya thapAyuM hatuM. Ama Ajano aphaghAnistAna - paThANa lekonuM lokapriya nRtya "anaka' che. temA : deza jhaDapathI pragati karI rahyo che. eka purUSa gAya che. ane tenI AsapAsa 20 thI 30 strI e tALIo vagADatI nAce che. "guramAI" nRtya ane ramata baMne che temAM be TukaDIo hoya che ane dareka TukaDImAM 10 thI 20 hoya che. jemAM eka TukaDIne nRtya khelADI prAkRtika cikitsAlaya DAbo paga jamaNe hAthe pakaDI nAce che ane sAmenI TukaDIvALa eja rIte nAcate Ave che. A baMne nRtyakAre eka jerasiMhagaDha bIjAne pADavA mathe che. paDI janAra khelADInI TukaDI hAre ( pAlItANA thaIne) che. jyAre barapha paDe che tyAre "baphI nI ramata ramAya che saMcAlaka 21mI me aphadhAnistAnane rASTrIya varSane besatA Do. sanatakumAra kavi varSane dina "gereja' kahevAya che. ogaSTanA chellA aDhavADiyAmAM svAtaMtrya utsava "jazane AjhAdI" manAya che. N. D. D. C. ane pahelI sapTembara pukhtanIstAna dina tathA 14mI o- $ prAkRtika cikitsAlaya kaviniketana kaTobare samrATa jhAhirazAhino janma divasa tahevAra rUpe 8 rasiMhagaDha pAlItANA) pAlItANA, manAya che. rAjAnA janmadine kAbulamAM "bRjakAzI ne khela 400000000000000000000000000000000000000 yojAya che. phona naM. 6507 muMbaImAM kapriya thayela rajIsTara reTIMyAchApa che 8 tuveradALa bAremAsa vAparavAno haMmezA Agraha rAkhe 8 che kAraNa ke te uttama cuTelA tuveramAMthI banAvavAmAM Ave che. 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 2jI. naM. 1944 32 rAchaiDadAsa , . sa. 1903mAM aphaghAnistAnamAM paheluM kanyA vidyA laya zarU thayuM. I. sa. 1958mAM skUla ane kolejomAM sahazikSaNanI zarUAta thaI. atyAre 70 TakA bALako keLavaNI le che. ane skUla tathA kelejomAM phI nathI temaja pustaka paNa maphata ApavAmAM Ave che. - paThANuM lekanA gharamAM cA pIvAnI nA pADavI e ziSTAcAra virUddha gaNAya che. temanA "nAMga' ane "nInAnatI nA rivAja paNa jANavA jevA che. keI madada mAgavA koIne ghera jAya ane tene zetaraMjI para besavAnuM kahevAmAM Ave ane te bese teja tene madada maLe kaI strI purUSanI madada mAMge che teo vacce bhAI bahenano saMbaMdha baMdhAya che. gaja kavAla' rivAjamAM yuvaka tenI premikA meLavavA mATe premikAnA ghara sAme havAmAM goLIbAra kare che. pitA ane dAdAne mAnArthe "mazahada' kahevAya che. kanyA vikrayane "zaharabAdA" rivAja ane mRtyu bhejananA muhArI' rivAja para sarakAre pratibaMdha mUkyo che. na bhAIcaMda zA. rANA reMTIyA chApa navApura mukhya vikretA gAMdhI zAmajIbhAI chaganalAla enDa sansa dANApITha bhAvanagara pIna naM. 364 01 00000000000000000000000000000000000 paste bhASAnI be berIo che. (1) yUsupha jaI ane (2) gharaghaMdArI. phArasI kavio uparAMta prasidhdha paThANu ka va mAnava lahANa 3 1 Jain Education Intenational

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::::::::::::::::::::/:::::::::::::::::::::: 730 varatejanuM A prAcIna derAsara kAi eka gAmanA sAmAnya derAsara jevuM nathI. te titha che, tenA dananuM mahatva yAtrA jeTalu ja che. hada varSa pUrve tenI pratiSThA thayesa jyAre tenA muLanAyaka zrI savanAyajInI pratimA 300 varSa karatAM pazu prAcIna che jyAre bhAvanagara vasyuM na hatu. tyAre sidhdhagirI dheAdhA jatA tamAma saMghe varateja thaine jatAM ane e rIte tenuM mahatva sidhdhagIrI ane dheAdhAnI yAtrA jeTalu' ja che, paraMtu AvA A prAcIna timAM vizALa dharmazALAo hovA chatAM yAtrALuo mATe Adhunika sagavaDatAo nathI. bhAtA bhejanazALA ke sthira thavA mATe anya savalato nathI. akhaMDa dipAai vinu eka anivArya aMga che ane tenI zarUAta phAgaNa suda 3 upAdhyAya zrI dha vijayanA upAdhI sI karI che. tenI eka ttiSInA rUA. 51, rAkhela che. bhAvanagara, dheAdA, taLAjAthI vihAra mATe jatAM AvatAM tamAma sAdhu-sAdhvIe atre eka rAta sthIratA dharIne AgaLa vihAra kare che, temane mATe sa`gha taraphathI ukALelA pANI gerenI sagavaDatAe nathI. AvA prAcIna yAtrAdhAmanI A vadhArAnI gavaDatAo ane tenA Aisane banne samaya jaina samAja pADavA joie evA sAmAnya abhiprAya thatAM A nathI, Dano sthApanA karavAmAM AvI che. teA Apa udAra hAthe ApanA kALeA ApI AtinI uSTupa dura karavAnA tathA tenA vikAsanA sahabhAgI thaze. A titha mAM pukhta bhaNAvavAne hAla temAM titha -paTA tathA pratiSThA samayathI khAlI traNa dera emAM zrI gauttama svAmI zrI sudharmAMsvAmI tathA zravasadhunI biMdA mATenI to paNa khulI che, eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga 2 A patrikAnA mULa e za nA varateja derAsaranu niya tarIkenuM" mahatva samajAvavAne dhA tenA vikAsamAM ApanA sahakAra levAnA che. A prAcIna niza nA itihAsa, sthApatyanI dRSTie tenu mahatva tathA vikAsanI mukhya tarkAnI mAhitI 96mAM vArSika ahevAlamAM Apela che. tevA A bhavya saptazikharabaMdhI e mALanA prAcIna ti nA vividhalakSI vikAsa mATe !yamI sAdhAraNa anAmata phaMDanI sthApanA karela che, sAmAnya mAsa paNa phula nahIM te phulanI pAMkhaDI JA tinA vikAsa mATe arpaNa karIne Atmazreya sAdhI zake te uddezathI eka thInA rUA. 51, rAkhela che, ane A rIte 1000 tithI noMdhavI jarUrI che. 96mAM vArSika ahevAla uparathI e vAta tA 2STa che ke vyAja tathA bhADAnI Avaka tathA bhaDAranI AvakathI AtinA Avaka tathA kharcanA pAsA sarakhA che. teA pachI A sAdhAraNa anAmata krUDa zA mATe... --zrI saMbhavanAthajI jinAlaya taiitha kamiTI varateja TrasTIo ::::::::::::: :::

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kharIdanAra ane khANAnA zokhIna pravAsIonuM svarga sIMgApura zrI kRSNavadana. jeTalI. aMgreja kavi ruDyArDa kiglIMge gAyuM hatuM. pUrvae pUrva puranA baMdare 150 jahAjI saMsthAonA jahAje dvArA mAla che ane pazcimamAM pazcima che. baMne kadI bhegAM thaze nahi." paNu ane musApharonI avarajavara ane heraphera thAya che. sIMgApurasIMgAparanI bAbatamAM A ukti khUTI paDe che. eziyAnA mAM vimAna dvArA ke sTImara dvArA pahoMcI zakAya che ane eka mahAna AMtararASTrIya vimAnI ane samudra mArgonA jaka. tyAM rahevA pharavA mATe jarUrI vIsA joIe che aneka hoTala zana samuM, A nAnakaDA TApunuM svataMtra rAjya eka sAthe cAra uparAMta 1 Y. M. C. AnI hosTelamAM paNa UtaravAnI ane saMskRtio malaya, cInI, bhAratIya ane pazcimanu saMgama rahevAnI goThavaNa thaI zake che sIMgApuranuM aneruM AkarSaNa che. sthAna che. malaya dezanI dakSiNe hIrA AkAranI aNIsama ja yaMgamensa kriyana eziezana A TApu 224,5 corasa mAilanuM kSetraphaLa dharAve che ane "pAsara--mAlama" eTale ke rAtrI bajAra sAMjanA tenI vastI 19 lAkha uparAMtanI che. sIMgApora, zaheranuM 6-30thI rAtanA 11 sudhI vividha vastuonA pharIAe kSetraphaLa 37,2 corasa mAIla che. malaya ke jUnA vakhatamAM yAtrALuonI hoTela pAse vecANa karavA phare che. sIMgApuramAM sIMgApurane tumAsIka (samudranagara) tarIke oLakhatA; para tu banelI sApa, zai, magaranA cAmaDAnI banelI vividha vastuo sumAtrAnA zrI vijayarAjAnA darabAranA kumAra saMganIla utame vakhaNAya che. khAvAnI vAnagIo vividha prakAranI hoya che, A pradezane sIMgApura siMhapuranagara ) nAma ApyuM. sara temAM mAtra cInI vAnagIoja 157 prakAranI hoya che. jAvA sTezkeDa rekase I. sa. 1819mAM ane 1824mAM karelI nijha vAnagI rijhaTAphela, malayezIyana sataya, hokakena zerInA saMdhie Adhunika sIMgAporane janma Apyo. 9mI ogasTa "mI' vAnagI sarSa madirA nAsI geraMga ka apaMga vagere 1965nA dinathI sIMgApura malakezIyana rAjyothI chuTuM paDayuM viziSTa vAnagIo che. gelAMga kSetre malaya vAnagIo mATe ane 22mI Disembara 1965mAM te svataMtra sArvabhaumaprajA- jANItuM che. cAInA TAunamAM eka suMdara hiMdu maMdira paNa sattAka rAjya thayuM. AveluM che. sIMgApurane rASTradhvaja (be bhAga pahoLo ane traNa 1966mAM sIMgApuramAM pAMca lAkha uparAMta vidyAthIo bhAga lAMbe) nIcethI aDadhe bhAga taddana sapheda ane uparano mATe 601 jeTalI zALAo hatI ane te badhImAM kula 18 aDadhe bhAga lAla che. lAla bhAgamAM bIjane cAMda ane hajAra uparAMta zikSake kAma karatA nAnyAMga ane sIMgApura pAMca sapheda tArA che. lAlaraMga vizvabaMdhutva sUcave che. bIjA vizva vidyAlayoe vividha prakAranAM abhyAsakrama mATe jogane caMdra, A kizora dezanuM lekazAhI, zAMti, pragati, nyAya vAI karelI che sIMgApuranI lokasabhA 51 sabhyonI che. ane samAnatAnA pAMca tArArUpI edaze prati ArahaNa sIMgApuranA nANamAM malayana DolaranuM calaNa che. ane tenI sUcave che. sIMgApuranI rASTrabhASA malaya che, zAsananI bhASA kiMmata che. ziliMga cAra pensa jeTalI gaNAya cheAjhAdI aMgrejI che ane malaya cInI tAmIla ane 'aMgrejI bhASA ba da sothI moTI audyogika cAjanA jurAMga audyogika rAjya mAnya bhASAo che. tenI vasatImAM mukhyatve cInI leke, jUthanI che je mUMpUrNa thaye 170 0 ekaramAM vistarelI haze malaya lake ane trIjA sthAne bhAratIya ane pAkistAnI ane temAM pAMca lAkha leka pASAze 70 vividha kArakhAnAo leke che. tenuM AMtararASTrIya vimAnI mathaka "pAyA lebara, hAlamAM jude jAdo mAla pedA kare che ane temAM 350 9000 phUTa lAMbe vimAnane ranave dharAve che sI gApura kara- jeTalI vastuo banAve che 1966ne aMte 111 kaMpanIoe mukta baMdara krI porTa hovAthI te kharIdanArAonuM svama kAma zarU karyuM hatuM sIMgApura malAyA ane thAIlenDa sAthe gaNAya che. pUrva pazcimanI vividha vastuo ahIM sahelAithI malayana relavethI joDAyeluM che. sastI maLe che ane 24 kalAkamAM darajI tamArA mApane suTa sIgApura atyaMta svaccha ane taMdurasta pradeza che. taiyAra karI Ape che. sIMgApuranuM Adhunika zahera esiyA temAM 11 sarakArI ispitAla ane 6 khAnagI ispitAle khaMDanI nAnI chabI samAna che. che. vaLI bALako mATe 16 kendro paNa che. 104 uparAMta | dara aThavADiye 18 vimAnI kaMpanIonA vimAnanA sahakArI maMDaLIo sIMgApuramAM kAma kare che. 1966mAM vimAnanA sIMgApuramAM uzyana ane utarANa thAya che. sagA- sIMgApuramAM 1, 28, 670 paradezI pravAsIo mulAkAtIo Jain Education Intemational

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732 AvyA hatA. temAM 1,18, 689 vimAnamAge AvyA hatA. Ama sIMgApura pravAsIonuM svarga gaNAya che. pUrvathI pazcima 26 mAila ane uttarathI dakSiNa 14 mAIlanA sI'gApura TApumAM sarerAza 95 iMca varasAda paDe che. 6 sahelagAhanI dRSTie sIMgApura pUrvInuM eziyAnuM eka sauthI moTuM baMdara Adhunika kAAApAliTana zahera ane saddIAnA itihAsanAM bhavya cihanA vALo pradeza che. keliyara kavenA sUra sthApA ane gaganacuMbI makAneA vacce dekhAtA samudra kinAre aneka prakAranA jaLavAhanothI bharacaka hoya che. temAM malaya * pratusa 'cInI ' saMpana'hoMgakoMga ane TavAkeAva prakAranA jaLavAnAnI judI judI AkRdaMta ane tenAM vicitra nAmeA eka navIna maneAraMjana purU pADe che. sI'gApura nadI para pharatI vividha hADIo ane jahAjo ramaNIya lAge che. sIMgApura nadI paranA kavanAdha pula ALaMgI jatAM ApaNe sIMgApura zaheranA sAMskRtika ane zAsakIya kendra tarapha AvIe chIe. ahI vikaTorIyA memeAriyala heAla ane thiyeTara tathA 1827mAM badhAyela sauthI junu jAhera makAna esembalI hAusa AveluM che. paDaMganA vizALa medAnathI dariyA bAju jatAM mejara janarala lIma seMgane smAraka pegeADA che. lIma-eseMga jApAnI yuddha vakhate mAryA gayelo malAyana deza bhakata hatA. sTema roDa para rASTrIya myujhiyamamAM maleziyana kalA ane hastAdyoganA uttama ane ajoDa namUnAe tathA dezI prANIenA namUnAo che. myujhiyamanI pAchaLanA bhAge jUnA sIMgApuranA chellA malaya zAsaka sulatAna Isjadara zAhanI kabara che vAnakalIpha mAchalI - gharamAM duniyAnI aneka jAtanI mAchalIo jovAnI majhA paDe che. AkA roDathI ApaNe bagIcAnI vacce AvelA istAnA negArA sIMgApurA pAse AvIe chIe. A pahelAM briTiza gavanarAne rahevAnuM sthaLa hatu. hAla temAM sIMgApuranA pramukha rahe che. 'TAigara bAma kiga' ane e khUna hovanA mahelathI mAileka dUra 'TAigara eila hAusa epha jeDa' AveluM che. temAM purANA cInIvaMzanA samayathI mAMDI saMgraha karelA 1000 karatAM vadhu sudara jeDa akIkanI vastuenA suMdara namUnA che. aDadhA mAila dUra phezanabala DhAMgalIna vistAramAM prasiddha liyAnA-- uMgavanaspati udyAna Ave che. temAM vividha vRkSo, phUlo. nAnuM suMdara sareAvara ramatA kudatA mAMkaDA jovAnI lahera Ave che. khanIcA pAse johAranA sulatAnane bhavya mahela-TaperasAla ane mukina TImAM reDa bAju sIMgApura yunivarsiTInA Adhunika makAnA jovAlAyaka che. sIMgApuramAM cInAonAM 500 jeTalAM deza temaja musliImeAnI marajI ane hinduAnA devamadirA che, cInI eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 mAdamAM sauthI jANItu pehaneha che. temAM bAreka vedIe 100 uparAMta devA ane sattAnI pratimAo che. te tAjoMgamagara roDa para nisa zerI mAM AveluM che. nazIba ane guNanuM maMdira sIgAMpuranu` sauthI jUnuM 'dira te leAka amera sTrITamAM che kIma kITa roDa paranuM TevIna grova maMdira' sauthI meTuM ane suMdara rIte saMcAlIta maMdira che. mukti puraaemAM hanumAnanA maMdire ravivAre savAre bhUvA jevA mANasa bhAvAvezamAM AvI lokone mAdaLiyA--vagere Ape che. te brIja roDa para Avela sulatAna masjIda eka aMgreja thapatie 1924mAM sarjAI hatI ane muslimeAnI IbAdatanu' sauthI mahatvanuM sthAna che. tenA dhumaTa ane minArA e paraMparA anusAranA che. anI AjubAju bhAratIya vastro ane maleziyana ane jAvAnA bATIka vastro vecAya che. sAutha brIja roDa para zrI mAri ammananuM sauthI junu khUba zaNugArela gApuramavALu' hiMdu maMdira AvyuM che ahIM amuka hALI jovA utsava vakhate loko aMgArA para cAle che" TAIgara bAma gArDInsa amerIkana DijhanIlenDa jevuM suMdara sthaLa che temAM cInI devatAonA zAstranA jIvana prasaMgAnI aneka pratimAe koMkriTamAM banAvI che. maDAI pAse suMdara sADApAMca ekaranI vADI che ane bukti timAhamAM suMdara Upavana che. cAinIjha cembara epha kAmanuM navuM makAna pekIMga mahelanI zailI para baMdhAyu che. ravivArane divase sAMje khullA ragamaMca para " aneka rAgama rakayata' nAme janatAne vaividhyamaya manArajaka jalasA aneka sthaLe maphata yejAya che ane hajAra lAke e sAMskRAtaka kAryakrama jovA jAya che. sI gApuranA leAkeA netaranA nAnA elathI sepaka rAga' nAmanI ramata rame che. temanI bIjI viziSTa ramata dasa pIna oli'ga' che. rASTrIya dinane divase vizALa aja gara ragIna Dregana banAvI Dregana nRtya khelAya che. dIvALI cInI navuM varSa ane te pachI paMdarame divase cApa hamehu ujavAya che. 'si'nRtya' thAya che, phaTAkaDA phADAya che dIpako pragaTe che. harIkAya pausa ramajhAna pachInA malaya utsava che. temAM loko rASTrIya pozAka paherI ane gRhAne dIvAthI zaNa gArI AnaMda mANe che. zaipuSama tahevAre hiMdu devAnI rathayAtrA kADhe che. mUnakeka caMdrareTI utsavane dine caLakatI roTImAM sUkAM phaLA vagere mIThA masAlA bhare che ane te khAya che. bajAramAM taiyAra mUnakeke vecAya che. malaya lokonA lagnavidhi ane varaghoDo pazu ane ' drazya pUrUM pADe che. sIMgApuramAM krokeDArkala ( magara ) phAma vADI che. temAM sAya, gheA maya ucherAya che. ane temanI cAmaDImAMthI banAvela vastue vaMcAya che. hAupAravIlA vagere paththaramAM kaMDArelA kalpanA taraMgA che. temAM

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha (733 sIMgApuranA pazcima kinArAnA sAgarane avakatI TekarIe g04 000000000000000000000000000000000000000 para devo---rAkSasa, naka, varga vagerenA mUrtimaya elekhane zuM thayAM che. With Best Compliments from Ama sIMgApurano nAne TApu aneka AkarSaNathI pravAsIone manoraMjana pUruM pADavA AmaMtrI rahyo che. nasa-4 gika dRSTie paNa tyAM aneka ramaNIya sthAne che. tethI dara 8 T. N Office : 268443 varSe lAkha uparAMta paradezI pravAsIo AnaMda mANavA A che , kesi : 594863 TApu para aneka vimAnamAMthI ane sTImaramAMthI utarI che M/s. KUMUD TRADING Co. cccccccccccc a0000 phona : 88 amAre tyAMthI cokakhuM lezanuM dudha, dahIM, zikhaMDa, bAsuMdI, baraphI tathA besTa paMDA tathA mIThAmA maLaze. bharosApAtra ekaja junuM ane jANItuM sthaLa gautama DerI DEALERS IN: DYES CHEMICAL & PETROLEUM PRODUCTS 268/70, FRERE ROAD, 1st FLOOR, ROOM NO. 9, BOMBAY-1. 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 pre, popaTalAla paMDAvAlA nAnI zAkamArakeTa, palItANA ra00000000000000000000000000000000000000 keTararararararara rararararara00000000000000000000 4 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000%000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Ofice 322460 Office 324781 Residence 575785 ( Godown C/o 332535 O Gram : BHIMIANI BOMBAY-2 Ph-nes: 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Office : 310493 Phones : Shop : 313738 Resi. 1 355758 Girishkumar Devji Bhimji VORA WARE HOUSE SPECIALIST IN RAJ DOOT PRINT SAREES WAREHOUSING & TRANSPORT CONTRACTORS (c) ASK FOR JAGDEV & JETPUR PRINT SAREES. Please Reply At : 22-24, Ganeshwadi 3rd Floor, Mulji Jetha Market, BOMBAY-2. K. M. VORA Taka "Rajgor Chambers" Room No. 304 3 rd floor, Masgid Siding Road, Bombav-400 009 Shop: 488, Chandra Chowk 2nd Lane, Muji Tetha Market, BOMBAY-2. ka rararara darara00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ra Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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734 1 0 :00 TelIphena : 33391 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga 2 0 ceccccccccccccccc dharatIdhana"nI hArdika zubhecchAH grenyuleTeDa pharTIlAIjharsa enDa phIjha prA. lImITeDa panAlAla--5nAlAla vAsaNe mATe prasiddhi nAma maneramA : bhAbhI sTenalesa sTIlanA vAsaNo levA che ne? hIrAlakSmI : tamArA bhAI ghaNuM vakhatathI kahe che. manoramA : te cAlone Ajeja, urmilA bhAbhI to laI AvyA. hIrAlakSmI : ApaNe to varSothI panAlAlanA vAsaNo ja laIe chIe ne ? manoramA : bhAbhI panAlAlanA sTenalesa sTIlanA vAsaNAthI to ghara camakI uThe che. hIrAlakSmI : madhubhAbhI ne prabhAbhAbhI paNa tyAMthI ja laI AvyA. maneramA : te cAlo cAlo hamaNAM bhAva paNa ghaTayA che. eka vakhata panAlAlanI dukAne Avo tamArI pasaMdagInA vAgha chApa vAsaNa kharIde. panAlAla bI. zAha 90 kaMsArAcAla, muMbai-2 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 sarakAra mAnya "dharatIdhana" ena. pI. ke. saMyukta dANAdAra khAtara banAvanAra ophIsa phekaTarI : navA baMdara roDa, bhAvanagara (gujarAta) phona naM. 5807 grAma : "dharatIdhana' muMbai ophIsa : meMdI cembarsa, 31921 khAreka bajAra, 8 muMbaI. 9. phena naM. : 323927 3417: C/O JUGAL 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000uM geeeeeeeeeee2000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 000000000000000000000000000000000000000 ophiksa phona naM. 388 gharane phena naM. 5039 8 Te. naM. 74615 mAma ummIda kaMtAna, sutaLI, kenavAsa - gujarAta rAjyamAM banatA tagAvI mAnya tathA DuMgaLI bharavA mATe kaMtAna thelIo banAvanAra tathA vecanAra pekIMga aMge dareka jAtanI thelIo banAvanAra : parama zakti oila enjina 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 6 6-6 89 9/2/18 . 5 Dabala phalAya vahIla 13/14, 1pa/16, 17/19, 22/24 hA.pa sIMgala phalAya vahIla navInacaMdra enDa kuM temaja varUNa eNphIphayugala paMpa tathA aTIkA rabara belTIMga mATe gRhaudyoga bhIDabhaMjana sAme-rAmavADI bhAvanagara (gujarAta) prakAza mazInarI sTorsa kaDIyA bIlDIMga, rIlIpharoDa, amadAvAda Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

Page #740
prAcIna saMskRtionuM saMgama sthAna Araba rAjya. siriyA zrI kRSNavadana jeTalI prAcIna saMskRtionAM pAraNAM samuM siriyA eziyA mulAkAtanI tArIkha jaNAvI mahinA agAu goThavaNa karI AphrikA ane yuropakhaMDanA tribheTe AveluM che. pazcima levI joIe siriyAne visA ke pAsaporTa traNa mahinA eziyAmAM te bhUmadhya samudranA pUrva kinAre 173 kile- sudhI cAle che. traNa divasa ke paMdarathI ochA divasa mATe miTarane dariyA taTa dharAve che. tenuM kSetraphaLa 184379 imigrezana khAtAne mAhitI ApI jaNAvavAnI jarUra cerasa kilomITara che. tenI uttare tukI dakSiNe jorDana ane rahetI nathI. siriyA paradezI pravAsIone satkAratAM arapelesTAIna pUrvamAM IrAka ane pazcime lebenona ane bhUmadhya bImAM kahe cheH "ahalAna va salAna ! " bhale padhAryA !" samudra AvelA che. tenI bhASA arabI che ane vastI 60 lAkha jeTalI che pa 10 varSanA itihAsa ane saMskRtinA cAle ApaNe ApaNe siriyAne pravAsa pATanagara anubhavo siriyA dharAve che. ane tenI rAjadhAnI damAskasa damAskasathI zarU karIe phrenca lekhaka merisa baree damAskaastitva dharAvatuM duniyAnuM sauthI prAcIna zahera che. prAcIna sane "AtmAne prAsAda' kahyuM che. i. sa. purvenuM A nagara itihAsa kAroe damAskasane suMdara pavitra nagara kahyuM che. aneka AkarSaNothI bharapUra che. omapyada vazane kALa damasiriyAne pradeza mAnava kathAnA jIvaMta itihAsa che tyAM skasane suvarNayuga hatuM. ane tukI zAsana daramyAna aMdhakAra eka eka patthara aitihAsika naidha samAna che. aminIyana pravartate hate. 'mArakasanI vasatI sAta lAkhanI che. tenI vacce selayusiDa bAyajhanTAIna romana khristI ane islAmI suvarNa nadI" tarIke oLakhAtI baradA nadI vahe che ane tenI saMrakRtinA bhavya namUnAo siriyA pUruM pADe che. 17mI cAre bAju prakhyAta ghaTAnI phaLavADIo che. imArakasamAM eprila siriyAne rASTradina che. sthApaN kalAne camatkAra samI emadhyada majIda i. sa. 705 thI UbhI che. pahelAM tyAM jayupITara devanuM maMdira hatuM ane yupheTisa nadInA kinAre prAcIna meriTa zAhI te arvaka deva hadadanI jagyAe baMdhAyuM hatuM. mammada masjiprAsAdanA ane mArIne bhagnAvazeSamAM ameriyana saMskR dano vistAra 1574100 mITarano che ane tenI divAlane tino ItihAsa bolI UThe che. jAraplasa talahaphAka kAdeza nuM dara mAjha ka kalAthI rANa suMdara mojheka kalAthI zaNagArI che. temAM bhagavAna Isu khristane ane hAmadanA avaze eziyA mAInoranI hiTAITa dharma dIkSA ApanAra saMta jahAna bASTIsTanuM smAraka che. saMta saMskRtinI sAcavaNI karI rahyA che. cAlAna taza ane pilanI AMkhanuM darda maTADanAra saMta hananIAnuM devaLa jamIna tala rahamara uttara siriyAmAM esiriyanAnA cinhAnI nIce paththara mAM utarelI guphA samAna che tenI chata ane divAle chApa samAM che. arvAda TApunA prAcIna sthaLoe laTa. DuMgaramAne bhAga che. romana ane yaddI zatruothI bacAvavA kiyAmAM ne tAtuMsamAM ApaNe kanAnoTI phiniziyana saMskR saMta palane jyAM TopalAmAM nIce utAravAmAM AvyA hatA, tinA sauthI rasaprada avazeSe joIe chIe. tyAM damAsanA dama para kisAna daravAjA upara saMta pilanuM devaLa baMdhAvyuM . 1554mAM baMdhAyela daravizenA Azraya mAnavanI prathama lipinA mULAkSaro ugarIthanI zodha samI Ila-tekikayeha ala-sulemAniyA masjida duniyAnI siriyAmAM thaI hatI ema manAya che. lakiyAthI 10 sauthI suMdara masjidomAMnI eka che. hajAro phoTogrAphara ane kilomITara dura rasazamrAmAM A amUlya prathama mAnava li. kalAkAro tene eka Adarza kalAkRti gaNe che. tenA be suMdara pinA mULAkSaronA avazeSo maLI AvyA che. prAcIna minArA ane ghumaTo ekabIjA sAthe sumeLa sAdhe che. 1750 ItihAsane sajIvana karatA siriyAmAM Adhunika hoTala ane mAM baMdhAyela ajhama mahelamAM traNa vibhAge che. (1 haramaleka sagavaDe pUratA pramAmAM che. yuvaka chAtrAlayeyutha hosTe. nArIgRha salamaleka AtathigRha ane nekarone bhAga. ahIM samAM paNa vidyArthIo ane paradezIo utarI zake che. suMdara snAnagRha che. ane salamalekamAM janatA sAhityanuM damAskasa yunivarsiTInA be chAtrAlayamAM 820 mANasane saMgrahasthAna che. cAra vibhAgamAM vaheMcAyeluM rASTrIya saMgrahasUvAnI sagavaDa che. paraMtu A mATe pravAsIe potAnI sthAna maMgaLavAra sivAyanA divase savAranA 8 thI sAMjanA Jain Education Interational

Page #741
eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 ca sudhI khulluM rahe che. temAM aneka saMskRtionA smaraNa samudranI sapATIthI 1100 mITara uMcu hunphaha cImakALamAM huvA cinho che. bAramI ane teramI sadImAM anukrame sthapAyelI khAvAnuM ramaNIya sthaLa che. bIjuM evuM suMdara prAkRtika sthaLa adeliyA ane jhaheriyA zAkhAe paNa jovA jevI che. ema- kasaba che. bAIbalanA jUnA karAramAM nideza pAmela 500 X Tayada khalIphAnA sauthI mahAna prathama khalIpha moviyahanI 800 mITara khaDakane arvAda TApu lakrakiyA pradezamAM AvelAM daragAha salAdInanI daragAha, zaherane durga ane tenA daravAjA, che. alabastItanA dariyA kinAre lAke samudra snAna naukA temaja Adhunika sthApatyamAM pArlAmenTa, nyAya mahela, phijeTa vihAra vagereno AnaMda mANe che. 20mI eprile ahIM kacerI jovA jevA che mauhA-jirina cekamAMthI AkhA damAskasa putsava ujavAya che. zahera ane ghoTAnuM suMdara dRzya dekhI zakAya che. damAskasanI vasto ane mahattAnI dRSTie damAskasa ane elepa hastakalAnI vastuo kharIdavA mATe 75 varSo para sulatAna vacce honsanagara AveluM che. A nagara mahatvanA audyogika abdula hamIda bIjAe baMdhAvela prakhyAta hamideha mArkeTanI kendra samuM che. ane temAM moTI paTela riphAInarI AvelI mulAkAta Avazyaka che. kuMkAIne banatI hastAdyoganI kAcanI che. romana samisa severase homsa kanyA juliyA dakhkhA cIjo damAskasamAM vividha AkRtiomAM suMdara raMgamAM banAvAya sAthe lagna karyuM hatuM. tyArathI A nagaranI atihAsika mahattA che. mamada payagambara sAhebanA pautrI sedA jha tabanuM smAraka gaNAya che. prakhyAta Araba vijetA kheleda ina ila vAlidanI damAskasamAM che. ogaSTa-sapTembaramAM dara varSe AMtara rASTrIya masjida ahIM che. ala mahatAmAM AveluM kesino homsa meLo bharAya che. sauthI sarasa resTorAM che. cha lAkhanI vastIvALuM elepo zahera damAskasathI kumArI merInuM ane saMta iliyananuM devaLa ane bIje naMbare gaNAya che. tene kile tenI khAIe vagere subhaTone durga ( KNIGHTS EO RIS) e bIjA sAthe haju paNa tenI majabutAIne suMdara khyAla Ape che. " nA 4 64 khyAla Ape che, jovAlAyaka sthaLo che. A kilAne kaI lazkara jItI zakyuM nathI uttaramAM paMcA prakhyAta Araba rANI ne biyAnA pATanagara pAmirA vana kilomiTara dUra simeona sTAIliTasa manAsTarI maTha vihAra Avela che. temAM eka staMbha che. tenA para saMtasimena raNanI vadhu" (Bride of the desert) tarIke oLakhAya che. tenA avazeSe damAskasathI dUra 235 klimiTara ane homsathI ene 30 varSa tapazcaryAmAM gALyAM hatAM evuM kahevAya che, 115 kilomiTara dUra raNamAM patharAyelAM che. madhyapUrvanA pradeelepe myujhiyama duniyAnA sauthI mahatvanA saMgrahasthAne zomAM A avazeSe atyaMta agatyanA maraNa cihana che. mAMnuM eka che. elepana jUnA gharomAM dalAla gRha dhanaleka gRha ahIM I. sa. 130mAM baMdhAyela bela ane bela zaminanA sadha gRha ane ajabakaza gRha pravAsIo e jovA jevAM che. e maMdira che. kabrastAnamAM aneka pratimAo viziSTa zailInI nuM bajAra dasa kilomiTaramAM laMbAyu che ane ane eka zerI 50 moTA stanI che. pAmirAo romano temAM madhya yugamAM vepArIo ane vaNajhArAonI kAravA sarAI ane paziyane sAme saphaLa baLavo karyo hate. raNanA AradharmazALAo ala vajhIra ala gurUka ala sabauna ane bairI bee racela e mahAna itihAsa che. rANI enebiyA kilao laka sauthI agatyanI che pAMcamI sadImAM mULa baMdhAyela hulaviyA zAkhA pharadosa masjida vagere paNa jovA lAyaka sthaLo che. peTrA karatAM aneka gaNI suMdara Adaba-rANI hatI ane teNe romana lokone hAMkI kADhI misara ane eziyAmAInara para okaTobara mAsamAM elopamAM kapAsa-rU-utsava ujavAya che. vijaya meLavyo hato. pAmirAnA siTI hola sAme Adhunika bhUmadhya samudranA kinAre AveluM laTTakSiA baMdara : - myujhiyama che. seLamI sadIne phadhina benamAnane da. parvata 00 varSa pahelAM baMdhAyuM hatuM tenA khedakAma ane saMzodhana para Avelo che ane tenI cAre bAju khAIe che pAmirA dvArA purAtattva khAtAe romana yuganuM vilAsI bekakasa devanuM zahera tADa-khajUra ane eliva vRkSothI vIMTaLAyeluM svaccha, maMdira zeThuM che. paNa tenA phakta cAra staMbhe ja rahyA che. e dara, Adhunika ane tene virATa kAya siMha damAskasanA myujhiyamamAM che. - hAma zahera arvadanA rAjA arTose baMdhAvyuM hatuM. te ugharITamAM rasa zamAnI TekarI tame pAMca nagaranA avazenA AminIonuM uttara, pATanagara hatuM. alAsI athavA staro jAmyAM che. I. sa. pUrve aDhAramI sadImAM UMdharITa svataMtra renTasa nadI A zahera vacce vahe che ane tenAthI cAlatA rAjya hatuM. udharITamAMthI sauthI junI duniyAnI (I. sa. pUve na urasa athavA virATa jalacakro eka viziSTa saMgItane caudamI sadInA) lipinA mULAkSara maLI AvyA che. jabalo- guMjArava pedA kare che. ahIM ajhema mahela hayAta masjida hunA samudra kinArAnA zaheramAM prakhyAta romana goLAkAra raMga. zijharA kille, intavardana mahela jovAlAyaka sthaLa che. ahIM bhUmi beThakanI 35 hAravALI ane ATha nava hajAra prekSake samAve nA khanijayukta pANInA jharAonuM pANI keTalAka roga maTAtevI che. salAdIna duga madhyakALane eka sauthI suMdara kilo che. DavAnI zakti dharAve che. Jain Education Intemational

Page #742
amRti saMdarbha graMtha 737 haurAnano pravAsIe pradezamAM vikharAyelA romana bhagnA- Ape che. damaska, dImA, alajA aghabAnI kApaDa ane jarI. vazeSathI Azcarya pAme che. tyAMne sauthI bhavya romana durga vALAM pazcimanA lokone khUba game che. aMjIra, drAkSa, badAma, ane vizALa remana raMgabhUmi haju paNa mana jamAnAnI dADama, sapharajana jaradALu, akharoTa vagere phaLe barada nadIne mahattAne sajIvana rAkhe che. kAMThe jhabAdAnInI vADIomAM ane anya sthaLe puSkaLa pramA NamAM pAke che. ane vecAya che. kaI arabI gRhastha sAthe damAskasathI 60 kilomiTara dUra parvate vacce AveluM vAtacItanI zarUAta tame "maraha bAhale thI kare ane tene malaulA tenA manahara rahasyamaya dekhAvathI kalpanAne paNa sAha- saba Ila khare suprabhAta kahI "kIpha ha8ka-kema cho ! pUcho. jika banAve che. tyAMnAM keTalAMka ghare te parvatemAMnI korI chevaTe "zaphA----AbhAra' kaho ane patraka-Goodbye kahI kADhelI guphAo jevAM che saMta takalAe A zAMtimaya sthAnamAM chUTA paDe. cAlo tyAre ApaNe siriyAne ane siriyAnA maTha bAMdhyuM hatuM. saMta takalAnI daragAha pAse parvatanI chata prajAjanone temanI arabI bhASAmAM "khatraka (rAmarAma) kahI mAMthI pANIno abhiSeka thayA kare che A pANImAM keTalAka ApaNe A pravAsa pUro karIe. camatkArika guNo che evI zraddhA leke dharAve che. malaulAmAM keTalIka guphAmAM pahelI sadInA samayanA grIka lekho che. sauthI navAInI ane AnaMdajanaka vAta to e che ke ahIMnA leke prabhu Isukhrista je bhASAmAM upadeza Apyo hato te amaukA bhASA bole che. A gAmanI Toce saMta sakisane Azrama che. saMdanIyA maTha pUrvanA dhArmika sthaLomAM jerusalemathI bIju mahatvanuM sthAna gaNAya che. ahIM hajAro yAtrALuo dUradUrathI AziSa meLavavA Ave che. A maThamAM "sathaurA'nuM nAnuM paNa manahara maMdira AveluM che ane temAM aneka paurANika pratimAo mUtio ane mUlyavAna vastuo che. A mUlyavAna vastuomAM saMtaluke kumArI merI-IsukhristanI mAtAnuM Alekhana che. saidanAmAM maTha gIdhanA mALA jevo 2000000000000000000000000000kALA paththaramAM sadanAyA gAmane avalekato Ubhe che. siriyAnA dakSiNa samudra kinAre tAratusa nagara Arabo zubhecchA sAthe ane ku-khristI dharma rakSaka ddhAo vaccenuM yuddhakSetra hatuM. hAla te suMdara samudra taTavALuM Adhunika zahera che. tAratusamAM prakhyAta myujhiyama che ane te prAcIna remana maMdiranA avazemAM sthapAyeluM che. I. sa. 1291mAM ahIMthI suraMga mAge phona naM. 142 khristI dharma saMrakSaka jheDara ddhAo sAyaprasamAM nAsI gayA hatA. tAratusa pradezamAM aneka grISma vihAradhAme che ane kiza khanija yukta jaLa mATe prakhyAta che. najIkamAM vane ane guphAo che. baniyAsa arthAta jAhera snAnAgAre paNa zAha kAntilAla amRtalAla ahIM che. amrItamAM grIka ane romana avazeSamAM parvatamAM kereluM maMdira che. saphitA nAme grISma vihAradhAmamAM rAkSasI maphatalAla grupanA kaTapIsa kApaDanA vepArI TAvara che ane tenuM bhaMyataLiyuM devaLa tarIke vaparAya che. himna sulemAna paththarane durga che. ane tenA daravAjAo suMdara pratimAothI zaNagArelA che. ane DabheInI hIrAbhA ratanapaLa, hAthIkhAnA geLanuM samaraNa karAve che. amadAvAda damAskasa, alepyo vagere sthaLe nAITa kalabomAM nAcagAnanA jalasAmAM Araba nRtya jovA maLe che. sthaLe sthaLe aneka ramaNIya udyAna che. Araba vAnagIo zeza kabAba kube, huesa, tabbale miSAhArIonI jIbhe ane svAda ki.000000000000000000000000000000000008* 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0i000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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738 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 ka phAna dhara : 4866 phane dukAna : pa7pa0 ArAdhanA kalotha sTorsa pAThave che zubhecchA abhinaMdana lagna prasaMganI kharIdI mATe sADIo, blAujha pIsIjha temaja suTIMga, zaTIMga, TerIkoTana, buzakeTIMga dareka prakAranI sADIo temaja gharavaparAnuM uttama kavolITI raMga-DIjhAInanuM sarvazreSTha kApaDa. kApaDanI avanavI jAta mATe padhAro ArAdhanA kalotha sTorsa umarALAvALA herIsa reDa bhAvanagara ma rrrrrrrrrrrr r rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr 2002 000000000000000000 8 24 zrI varateja vi.vi.kA. sahakArI maMDaLI che zubhecchA pAThave che mu : varateja 8 zrI vAghanagara vi. kA. sevA sahakArI (bhAvanagara tAluke) maMDaLI lI. : mu. vAghanagara ( bhAvanagara jillo ) (mahuvA tAluke) sthApanA tA. 30-3-57 noMdhaNI naMbara 1982 (bhAvanagara jillo ) zera bhaMDaLa 46500 sabhya saMkhyA 182 sthApanA tArIkha 20-5-19 neMdhaNI naMbara 2019 anAmata phaMDa 28087 kheDUta 158 zera bheLa 46960 sabhya saMkhyA 229 anya phaMDa 5560 bIna kheDUta anAmata kaMDa 25690 anya phaMDa 6078 saratAnajI gohila rAmasiMha sArAbhAI karImakhA ema. paThANu rAmajI mAMDaNa kaLasariyA maMtrI pramukha maMtrI vya. ka. sabha vya. ka. sabhyo bhejarAja zIvasaMga, dudAbhAI becarabhAI, TapubhAI # 1 mathurabhAI hAdAbhAI, 2 devAtabhAI karazanabhAI, bhAvasiMha, kAnAbhAI gAMDAbhAI, jItubhA bAlubhA, kuMbhAjI 3 kAbAbhAI karazanabhAI 4, cItharabhAI goviMdabhAI, bApajIbhAi, jIvaNalAla goradhanadAsa, vijAbhAI phatesiMha 5 IzvaralAla narabherAma 6, pAMcAbhAI kukAbhAI bhAvanagara DI. ko. o. benka, bhAvanagara ji. saha. kha. maganalAla lAlajIbhAI (sahamaMtrI) vi. saMdha, ghoghA-bhAvanagara tAlukA saha. ba. va. saMgha, kheDAbhAI punAbhAI (talATa ) bhAvanagara ji. saha. beDa, InDIya phArmasephaTIlAIjharsa kAM bhIkhAlAla harajIbhAI (paTAvALA) 00000000000000000 00000 Jain Education Intemational

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cIna -kRSNavadana jeTalI. bhAratanI uttare himAyalanI bIjI bAja ApaNo sauthI cInamAM gayA hatA. cIne bhAratanI AjhAdInA AMdolanane paDozI deza cIna Avelo che. 70 karoDanI vastIvALA A Teko ApyA hatA. ane bIjA vizva yuddhamAM bhAratanI saMhAdeza 9599 000 corasa kilomiTara vistAra dharAve che. bhArata nubhUti cIna sAthe hatA ane bhAratanI rASTrIya mahAsabhAe ane cInano saMbaMdha sadIo june che. I. sa. nI pahelI ghAyalA: rasavA mATe eka meDikala mizana tyAM mokalyuM hatuM sadImAM bhAratathI be bhikSa vyApArika mArgo para thaI cIna ane tenA netA DI. koTanIsa e sevAkAryamAM zahIda thayA gayA ane tyAM buddha dharma jaladI phelAI gayA. I. sa. 160 1949nI krAMti bAda bhAratanA vaDApradhAna javAharalAla naheane 751 varace che uparAMta vikhyAta cInI vidyAne be dha runuM cInamAM ane cInanA vaDApradhAna cAuM ena. lAInuM dharmanA graMthane abhyAsa karavA bhArata AvyA temAM phAkSAna, bhAratamAM bhavya svAgata karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. ane te vakhathI ciMga ane hyunasAMga khUba jANItA che. phAhyAna sane 399 tanuM vAtAvaraNa hindI cInI bhAI bhAInA maitrI pUrNa mAM bhArata AvyA hatA ane 15 varasa bhAratamAM rahI gayA nArAthI guMjI uThayuM hatuM. paraMtu A bhAIcArAnI vAta bhUlIne hatA dhunasAMga bhAratathI para0 pustake cIna laI gayA hatA. cIne bhAratanI uttara sarahadanA keTalAka pradeza para pitAne madhyakALanI zarUAtamAM cInanI citrakalA, vastukalA, matakalA dAvo karI bhArata para 1962mAM AkramaNa karyuM' 1971nA ane darzana para bauddhadharmano ghere prabhAva paDe che. bhArata pAkIstAna vacce bAMgalA dezanI mukti mATe cAlelA jagamAM cIne pAkIstAnanI tarapheNa karI hatI. Ama rAja nIti palaTAtI rahe che ane saMbhava che ke bhaviSyamAM pharI cInanI sAmyavAdI krAMti 194nA okaTobaramAM nAnA bhArata ane cIna mitra bane ane eziyAnA utkarSa mATe kiMga paranA vijayathI saphaLa thaI ane te vakhatanA cInanA sAthe maLI kAma kare ApaNuM bhAratanA A paDozIne ApaNe zAsaka cAMga kaI roke suna yAna senanI pratimA samakSa A vadhu sArI rIte oLakhIye te jarUrI che. krAMti saphaLa thaze te ApaghAta karavAnI pratijJA lIdhI hatI, te pratijJA bhUlIne pheramosA- vaivAna - bhAgI gayA. ane cInamAM AvelI parvatamALA pUrvamI pazcimamAM phelAI cInamAM samAjavAdI prajAsattAkanI sthApanA thaI. sAmyavAdI che ane te cInanA uttara cIna ane dakSiNa cIna ema be sarakAre cInane parivartana karavA paMcavarSIya yejanA karI ane bhAga pADI de che. A parvata tibeTa pAse UMce che ane temAM raziyAnI madadathI navanirmANanuM kArya jhaDapa thI zarU thayuM. samudra tarapha nIco thato jAya che. A parvatanI sauthI vadhu thoDA samayamAM cIna svAvalaMbI banI gayuM. cAne tibeTanuM UMcAI 10 hajAra phaTanI che. cInamAM nadIo ghaNI che. temAM rAjaya paNa kabaje karI lIdhuM. bhArate cInane rASTrasaMdhanA sabhya- Dhaga ho ( pIlI nadI) yAMsI ane sthAI baMDu moTI nadIo pada mATe 150thI Teke ApyuM hatuM, paNa Akhare 18mI che. A nadIe khetI ane jaLamArgo dvArA AvAgamana mATe okaTobare 1971mAM AniyAnA TharAva para matadAna thatAM bahu upayogI che. temAM AvatAM bhayaMkara pUrathI khUba nukazAna TharAvanI tarapheNamAM 76 ane viruddhamAM 35 mata paDatAM cIna thatuM hatuM paraMtuM tenA para have baMdha bAMdhI niyaMtraNa kararASTrasaMghanuM sabhya banyuM ane rASTravAdI cIna tarIke oLa vAmAM AvyuM che ane lA che : khAtA vaivAnanuM sabhyapada rada thayuM. vizvanA rAjakAraNe A eka drapa banAvAi che. cInamAM yAMgI nadInuM mahatva bhAratamAM mahAna anokhuM banAve che ane tyAra bAda bIje mahAna gaMgAnA mahatva samAna che te madhya eziyAmAMthI nIkaLatI banAva amerikAnA pramukha nikSananI cInanI mulAkAta che. eziyAnI sauthI moTI nadI che. uttaranI jamIna bahu phaLa drapa che ane ghAMga ho nadI tene sIMcI rahI che. A pradezanI bhArata ane cIna eziyAnA be mahAna paDozI deze sarahade sAIberiyA Ave che dakSiNamAM aneka nadIo ane che. baMne dezo vacce prAcIna kALathI vepArI ane saMskRtika vAMglI nadI A pradezamAM rahe cheahIM sAro varasAda thAya AdAna pradAna moTA pAyA para thatuM AvyuM hatuM. jema che. ane uparAMta cahA ane tamAkuno sAro pAka utare che. cInathI phAhmana hyuna sAMga vagere cInI vidvAno bhAratamAM cInanI cahA muka mazahura vizva vikhyAta che. dakSiNamAM AvyA hatA tema paurANika kALamAM bhAratIya vidvAno nAgA seturanA vRkSo sArA pramANamAM che ane tenA pAMdaDA para juna ane Adhunika kALamAM rAhula sAMkRtyAyana jevA vidvAne rezamanA kIDA pALI rezama taiyAra karavAmAM Ave che. Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga 2 cInanI vastInA 80 TakA leke gAmaDAmAM vase che. laya. krAMtikArI saMgrahAlaya jovAlAyaka che ane te ahIM che. ane 20 TakA 14 karoDa leka zaheromAM vase che cInanA pekiMgamAM Adhunika ane prAcIna puratakAlaya, suMdara sarovarabAvIsa prAMta che. cInanA rASTradhvaja 3 2 nA pramANamAM vALAM bAga, maMdirothI chavAyelAM pazcima parvate, sinemA, lAMbe pahALe che ane temAM jamaNI bAju pAMca tArA che. hoTale vagere aneka manoraMjaka sthAne che. 1954mAM navA sAmyavAdI cInanuM rAjya baMdhAraNa ghaDAyuM navA baMdhAyelA sTeDiyamamAM 80 hajAra mANaso besI ane te varSe sapTembaramAM prathama jana kesanI cUMTaNI thaI zake che ane 1961mAM AMtararASTrIya piMgapaga spardhA jyAM 32 karoDa lokone te vakhate matAdhikAra hato prathama jana 2khAI te sTeDiyamamAM 20 hajAra mANase besI zake che. tenI kegresanA 1220 sabhyomAMthI 680 gAmaDAnA sabhya 300 - junI etihAsika bAgabagIcAvALI suMdara imAratone hAla zaheranA 150 a5 jAtionA pratinidhisenAnA 60 ane ' samudra pAranA cInAonA 30 ra aa hatA Ama mArA skUla ane kArakhAnAmAM pheravI nAMkhavAmAM AvI che. grIma mahela ane haMsa sarovara khUba suMdara jovAlAyaka sthaLo che. tuMge sAmyavAdAM siddhAMta anusAra zramajIvI lokone mahatva ApI temanI daridratA dUra karavAnuM bIDuM jhaDapyuM ane saphaLatA svAna-haMsa sarovarane kinAre eka moTI nRtyazALA che. opero saMgIta nATaka ane bele nRtya darzAvanArA aneka meLavI cInamAM tamAma nAgarikane cha pAyAnA adhikAra ApavAmAM AvyA che. (1) rojagAra (2) kapaDAM (3) makAna kendro che. sarakArI ane komyuna phekaTarIomAM hAthIdAMtanI. kArIgarInI suMdara cIjo, suMdara gAlIcA vagere tayAra thAya che. (4) bhajana 5) cikitsA ane (6) maphata daphana kriyA cInamAM AkhA varSa daramyAna ravivAra sivAya phakata 6 rajAo na lAmAonuM maMdira paNa pekiMgamAM jovA jevuM che. gaNAya che. temAM nAnA moTA kAmadAro vacce vatanamAM khUba aMtara dakSiNanI rAjadhAnI nAnakiMga yAsI nadIne kinAre nathI mArane mahine rUA. 150 maLe te kuzaLa Ijanera ke AveluM prAcIna nagara che. ahIM nadIno paTa khUba paheLe che menejarane 375 rUpiyA pagAra maLe che. * ti bAda cInamAM ane jahAjo mATe anukULa che. nadI para baMdhAyele uhAna 165 zahero AbAda thayA bahu moTA zaheronI satI laga- pula duniyAnA sauthI moTo pulamAM eka che ane te Ijabhaga 80 jeTalI hoya che. have ApaNe cInanA keTalAka narI vidyAne suMdara khayAla Ape che. zaheranI vasatI lagabhaga mahatvanA zaheronI mulAkAta laIe. 50 lAkha jeTalI che. ahIM aneka zAhI mahele ane aiticInanI hAlanI rAjadhAnI pikiMgano cInI uccAra hAsika imArate che ane te prAcIna cInI vastukalAnA utkRSTa piciMga che. pe eTale uttara ane ciMga eTale rAjA arthAta namUnA che. navI imAratamAM zahIdasmAraka khUba prasidhdha che ane uttaranI rAjadhAnI, te ja pramANe nAnakiMga- nAnaciMgamAM mukhya cekamAM cInanA mahAna samAjavAdI netA DAnsanayAna senanI pratimA UbhI che. prAcInatA ane AdhuniktA ahIM nAnane arthe dakSiNa thAya eTale e dakSiNanI rAjadhAnI caudamI paMdaramI sadIthI A baMne zahero cInanI rAjadhAnI hAtha milAvI paDI rahI che. yAMglI nadIne kinAre suMdara maneche. ziyALamAM jyAre pekiMgamAM khUba ThaMDI paDatI, tyAre nAnA raMjaka sthaLo ane nadImAM taravAnI ane naukAvihAranI majA kiMgamAM ochI paDatI ane tethI sarakArI kacerIo ziyALAmAM paDe che. nAnakiMga khaseDAtI. hAna ane yAMsI nadInA saMgama upara AvelA hAMke, vRciMga ane hAnyAMga zaherono samUha lUhAna nAme oLa| suMdara pikiMga zaLeranI vasatI sIttera lAkha jeTalI che khAya che. traNe zaheranI kula vasatI 84 lAkha jeTalI che. ane te moTI naherathI cInanI divAla sudhI 25000 corasa 1958mAM yAMsI nadI para baMdhAyelA eka mAIla lAMbA pula mAIlanA vistAra dharAve che. dilAnI aMdara junuM pekiMga ga parathI uttara ane dakSiNa cInane joDatI relave lAIna jAya che che. tyAM kubalAkhAna mahela vagere prAcIna imArato jovA ane A relave sAIberiyAthI koTana sudhInI che. lAyaka che. keTaleka ThekANe rastA ane vAhana mArga mATe kalAnI divAla toDI nAkhavAmAM AvI che. chatAM prAcIna suMdaratA sAca. hAnyAMgamAM lokhaMDanI khANo che, paNa kAMti pahelAM vavA pUrepUruM dhyAna ApavAmAM AvyuM che. kilAbahAra Adhu- temAMthI khUba ochuM lokhaMDa kADhavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. 1949 nika zailInI ImArata ane bagIcA che. dakSiNa-uttara rAjamArga bAda temAM tapAsa karatAM lekhaMDane vizALa bhaMDAra mAluma lagabhaga pAMca mAIla lAMbo che. ane te bahAranA daravAjAethI paDe ane tethI 1955mAM ciMgazAnanA lIlAchama para ta svargamaMdirathI svagIya dvAra sudhI jAya che. svagIya dvAra sAme para lUhAna Ayarna enDa sTIla vakarsanI thApana karavAmAM vizAla cagAna che temAM eka kalAkamAM eka lAkha mANasa AvI. 1958mAM pUruM thayeluM A kArakhAnuM madhya cInanuM sauthI ekaThAM thaI vikherAI jaI zake che. tenA vizAla bha namAM moTuM sTIlanuM kArakhAnuM che. temAMnI meTI bhaThThIo AThathI nezanala kesanuM adhivezana thAya che. aitihAsika saMgrahA- dasa lAkha Tana sTIla taiyAra kare che. A sTIlane upayoga Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha * 741 Ave che. chatAM jANe trIjI mArI zakAya che. tuMgarI sivAdhya ane moTI cAle che eTale vahAnanI mazIna TUla phekaTarImAM thAya jyAM pahelAM eka seya jeTalAM jahAja dekhAya che te badhA zAMgahAImAM taiyAra thAya paNa banatI na hatI tyAM have 152 phUTa lAMbA meTala - kaTara che. 1970mAM zAMgahAImAM 10,000 TananuM eka jahAja ane 480 Tana vajananA yaMtro taiyAra thAya che. kArakhAnAonA taiyAra karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. zAMgahAInuM Adhunika parivartana majuro mATe dasa lAkha corasa miTaramAM tana mALanA makAnamAM vismayakAraka che. te zaheramAM 60 lAkhanI vasatI che ane nivAse banAvAyA che. dareka nivAsa khulI galImAM paDe ane rAta divasa basa ane sAyakala cAle che. chatAM jANe dareka tenI baMne bAju vRkSo payAM che. pAse taMga-tiMga nAmanuM jaNa page cAle che eTale page cAlanArAnI saMkhyA eTalI kudaratI sarovara che tene kinAre majare mATe svAdhya ane meTI che. tyAM khAnagI kAra nathI, TekasIe, che. divAla para vizrAmagRho baMdhAya che. tuMgarI meDikala koleja cInanI jAherAta nathI, dukAne para sAIna beDa nathI. moTA moTA trIjI TI meDikala koleja che ane tethI sAthe moTI hospI. gedAma vakhAre ke beMke nathI. dArUnuM pIThuM nathI ! Tala paNa che. caMgazAnanA Ayarna e Da sTIla InsTITayuTamAM 5000 vidhAthIo che. uttara dizAethI dezanuM rakSaNa karavA cina zI hyAMge banAvelI cInanI meTI divAla duniyAnI sAta ajAyabIoleyAMga zaheramAM lekhaMDa ane kolasAnI khANe hatI. mAMnI eka che. hajAro mAIla lAMbI A paththaranI divAla paNa tene lAbha pure levAtuM na hatuM. krAMti bAda enuM eTalI te pahoLI che ke tenI upara eka sAthe cAra ratha audyogika kendramAM parivartana thayuM. traNa hajAra varSa purANuM doDI zake. A rAjAeja dezamAM sArI saDakanI jALa bIchAvI A zahera cAu yugathI keTalAye rAjavaMzanI rAjadhAnI hatuM. dIdhI. yunakAMgamAM 42 phUTa UMcI eka prAcIna buddha pratimA 1948mAM A zaheranI vasatI kevaLa 80 hajAra hatI hAla che. "lIcI' nAmanI AcAra saMhitA be hajAra varSa pahelAM te 7 lAkhanI thaI gaI che. kaTara plAMTa naM. 1 leyAMganuM lakhAyelI che. zAMgayuga kAsAne yuga hatuM ane te samayamAM sauthI moTuM kArakhAnuM che. 1959mAM temAM 15000 TrekaTara cInIlipi-je citratipi che tene vikAsa thayo hato. pAra. taiyAra thayA hatA ane 1960mAM 30,000 have A kArakhAnuM bhika prAcIna cInI pustako pazuo ane kAcabAnI cAmaDI vI pavana' nAmanuM drAkaTara eka miniTe eka taiyAra kare para aMkita karelI maLI AvI che. I. sa. pUrve 722-480 che. A kheta mazina-yaMtra vAvaNI, sIMcAI ane kApaNInuM ne samaya cInI itihAsane "vasaMta ane pAnakharane samaya badhuM kAma kare che. leyAgathI pUrve aDadhA divasanI musApharI gaNAya che. " vasaMta ane pAnakhara " cInI tattvaciMtaka bAda ApaNe purANu zahera geMgaco jaI zakIe. ahIM traNa kanphayusiyasane lakhele sAhityika etihAsika graMtha che ane hajAra majUro dharAvatI kApaDanI mIla che ane relave varkazopa cInamAM tenuM sthAna bhAratamAM gItAnuM ane khristIomAM che. majAnI patnIo dvArA saMcAlita ane strI kAmadAra- bAibalanuM sthAna che tevuM che. kanphayusiyasanuM mULa nAma pheMvALuM rajAIo ane kapaDAM sivavAnuM kArakhAnuM paNa ahIM bhu hatuM. te daridrAvasthAmAMthI nyAyadhIzanA pade pahoMce che. Thera Thera jamInamAM zAkabhAjI ane pupe ugADavAmAM ane rAjadarabAramAM paNa mAnanIya gaNate. I. sa. pUrva Ave che. 551mAM IrSyAne bhoga banI daridrAvasthAmAM ja mRtyu pAmyuM. mRtyu bAda tene prabhAva vadhate cAlyo ane tenA nAmane saMpra1 karoDa ane dasa lAkhanI vasatIvALuM cInanuM sauthI dAya cAlu thayA. moTuM zahera zAMgavAI che. samudrathI thoDe dUra tyAMga phu nadI para A zahera vasyuM che. A nadImAM sahelAIthI jahAjo AvI zake suryavaMzane aMte 618 907 tAMga vaMzanuM zAsana che AthI te zAMgaLAI eka sAruM baMdara che. 1880nA aphINa cIna para cAlyuM. tAMga sAmrAjya eziyAmAM sauthI moTuM yudhdha pahelAM zAnahAI mAsImAnuM eka nAnuM gAma hatuM. hatuM 1644mAM maMcU jAtie cIna para kabajo jamAvyo ane yudhdha bAda te baMdara thayuM. pazcimane prabhAva A baMdara para- ciMgavaMzanI sthApanA karI. A maMca zAsana daramyAna lekamAM paDayo ane tene vikAsa jhaDapI banyA. je vilAsI bhraSTa aphINanuM vyasana phelAyuM 1830 sudhI paradezathI 10000 jIvana mATe hAla hoMgakoMga prasidhdha che tevI ja sthiti krAMti peTIo aphINanI AvatI hatI. 1839mAM 10 lAkha kilopahelAM zAMgahAinI hatI. zAMdhAi kalabamAM pahelAM kevaLa grAma aphINanI hoLI ke TenamAM aphINa virodhIoe karI aMgrejo ja dAkhala thai zakatA ane te duniyAnuM sauthI moTuM ane aphINa sAme jehAda 1842 sudhI cAlu rahI haMgazipUmadirAdhara gaNAtuM te have kamyunisTa pATI AMtara rASTrIya yuAna nAmanA vidvAna krAMtikArIe cIMgavaMzanA dhRNita zAsana nAvika kalaba tarIke calAve che. tyAMthI madirone vidAya apAI sAme netAgIrI lai 1843mAM ke TanamAM "prArthanA sabhA" che ane tyAM ramatagamata ane vAcananA sAdhane rAkhavAmAM sthApI ane sAmaMtavAdano virodha karI asamAnatAnI bhAvaAvyA che. ane tene sAro upaga thAya che. cIne vezyA- nAne pracAra karyo. huMga ziyU khristI hatI ane teNe senA vRttine AkhA dezamAMthI nAbuda karI nAMkhI che. hApu baMdaramAM UbhI karI 1851mAM kavAMcchI prAMtathI kAMti zarU thaI. 1853 Jain Education Intemational

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742 nA jAnyuArImAM senA vUDAna yAMgsInI pUrva dizA bAju AgaLa vadhI ane mA'mAM nAnikaMga para kabajo karI tene potAnI rAjadhAnI jAhera karI. A rAjya tAIpiMgatena nAme eLakhAyuM ane krAMti tAipiMga krAMti gaNAI. A sarakAre janatAne mATe Adeza ApyA, jyAM jamIna che, tyAM me bhegA maLI tene kheDIzuM jyAM cAkhA che, tyAM ame sau bhegA maLI khAzuM; jyAM kapaDAM che tyAM ame haLImaLI paherIzuM; jayAM dhana che. tyAM ame haLImaLI khaca karIzuM, kei sthAna samAnatA vinAnuM nahiM hAya, koI vyakti nagna ane bhUkhI nahi rahe." 1864mAM tAipiMga zAsane sAmI lAkoe paradezIonI sahAyathI khatma karyuM. temanA cauda vaSa~nA gRhayudhdhamAM cAra karoDanA jAna gayAM. ghaNAMe balidAna devAyAM, navA zAsana sAme zarUAtathI ja lokonA virodha hatA. te 1900mAM dezavyApI banyA. paradezI itihAsakAra ane kAkasTara AMdAlana kahe che. cInI leAkeAmAM te Ai hA tvAna" AMdolana gaNAyuM. Ai hA Ana eTale nyAya ene sadbhAvanAne samAja. A krAMtikArI lAkonu saMmelana 1905mAM jApAnanA TokiyA zaheramAM maLyu ane Do. sunayAna sena tenA netA banyA. A saMgaThananu nAma 'tuMgameMga hu" rakhAyuM. 1909mAM 160 khaMDo thayAM ane 1910 mAM 284 vAha thayA. 10mI ekaTobare 1911mAM cacAMga pheje sazastra krAMti karI ane 18mI navembara sudhImAM 21 prAMte mAMthI 17 prAMtAe svataMtratA jAhera karI bAkInA cAra prAMtA mAMthI paNa marce zAsana khatma thayuM ane cInanA navanirmANamAe mATe bhUmikA taiyAra thaI. A krAMti bAda keTalAka pratyAghAtI baLeAnI asarathI sunayAna senane badale yuAnazIDanA hAthamAM sattA AvI. yuAnaziha jamInadAro ane sAmrAjyavAdIonA putaLAM jevA hatA janI virudhdha prathama vizvayudhdhamAM cIne paNa mitra rAjyane sAtha ApyA hatA eTale 1969nI perIsa sadhi vakhate cInamAMthI paradezI senAe dUra karavAnI mAMgaNI thai. 1917nA navembaramAM raziyAmAM samAjavAdI krAMti thaI tenA prabhAva paNa cIna para paDayA ane temane raziyA jevI ja krAMti dvArA badhI samasyAnA ukela che ema vicAyuM. 1919nI ceAthI mene divase cInamAM rASTravAdI majUroe ane madhyamavagI budhdha jIvIoe eka rASTravyApI AMdolana dekhAvA karI zarU karyuM, A rASTrIya saMghathI 1921nA julAimAM kaMcana tAMga" cInI sAmyavAI saMghanI sthApanA thaI. sunayAnasene kaye| mina tAMga nAmanA navA sa Mdha sthApyA. 1925 mAM acAnaka sunayAnasenanu mRtyu thayuM ane cyAMga ke zAka kayAmina tAMganA netA thayA. cInamAM dareka saMgha sazastra thatA ane dareka saMgha peAtAnuM sainya rAkhatuM. 1927nI 24mI mArca krAMtikArI senAoe nAnikagano kabajo lIdhA same briTIza, amerIkana phreMca ane jApAnanA sainye tyAre beba eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 mAro karyo. 1927thI 1937 sudhI krAMtikArI saMgha AMtiraka gRhasaMdharSI banI rahyo. 18mI eprIle 1927mAM rayAMga ke zeke nAnakiMgamAM sAmyavAda virodhI rASTrIya sarakAranI sthApanA karI ane 1933mAM sAmrAjyavAdI baLAnI madadathI teNe sAmyavAdIo para bhAre humalA karyAM. sAmyavAdIene khUba nukazAna thayuM. paraMtu teoe pAtAnI bacelI tAkAtathI uttara tarapha kUca karI ze`sI prAMtanI lAla senA sAthe hAtha milAvyA. 16 mI okaTobara 1934thI A lAlasenAe itihAsa prasidhdha loMgamA` lAMbI kuca kayAMgsIthI zarU karI eka eka prAMtane yudhdha karI kabaje karavA prayatna karyAM. 1935nI jAnyuArImAM kaceAprAMtanA suneinagare A senA AvI tyAre temAMnI adhI nAza pAmI hatI, paraMtu temanA jussA nAza pAmyA na hato. 1935mAM te senA hAMzIprAMtanA krAMtikArI saMgaThanane dezanA 70 TakA pradeza zyAMga zekanA kabaje hatA. paraMtu maLI gai. julAi 1946mAM pharI gRhayudhdha zarU thayuM tyAre 30 TakA pradezomAM sAmyavAdI zAsane jamInadAranI jamIna lai karoDo kheDUtAne vaheMcI ApI ane A kheDUtA lAlasenAnI zakti banI gayA. A 1947-49 sudhInA gRha-yudhdhamAM zrImatI sunamAnasena sUga (caMga lIge krAMtikArIone sAtha ApyA ane 1923thI tamane cAinA lIga sthApI cyAMgakokanA zAsananA virAdha karyAM, cyAMgazekanA zAsana para cyAMga, suga, kuMga ane na A cAra rAjAzADI kuTuM benA prabhAva hatA. moMghavArI ane bhraSTAcAra khUba phAlyAM se tu MganI saradArI nIce lAlasenAe janamukti AMdo phUlyA hatAM. 1947thI DaoN. sunayAnasenanA yAgya uttarAdhikArI lana zarU karI karyA mana tAga senAne parAjya ApI AgesthAMga zeka phAramAsA-tAivAna bhAgI gayA ane tyAM briTIza, kuca AraMbhI. 1949nA okaTobaramAM A krAMti saphaLa thaI, amerIkI, phreMca TekAthI rASTravAdI cInanI sthApanA karI. mAotse tuMgano janma 1893nA DisembaramAM thayo hatA. te taravAnA khUba zokhina che. 1957mAM 64 varSanI uMmare teNe yAMgsI nadI harIne sAme pAra jaI lokAne cakti karyAM hatA. te kavi paNa che. tenA sidhdhAMtAnA la laktiAba sAmyavAdI cInanuM khAIkhala che. lekhaka lUsuna (18 1 - 1936)ne mAruM tuge sAskRtika mAracAnA senApati kahyo che. cAuMenalAi, tina piyA ane janarala brUneha mAAse tuMganA zaktizALI sAthIo che. temaNe dezane mahAna zaktizALI karyAM. prAcIna cInane hyAMga--tI rAjA rezama, zaNu, kAgaLa, ane cInAi mATInA vAsaNAnA zeAdhaka gaNAya che. hyAMganA atha pILA raMga thAya che ane te cInamAM zubha raMga gaNAya che. prAcIna cInanI eka kahevata che ke mahAtmA budhdha jevI - tura aDhAra karIe karatAM eka laMgaDo apaga karI sArA' A pramANe strInuM sthAna cInamAM khUba halakuM hatuM. nAnapaNathI karIenA paganA paMjA mAMdhI levAtA ane

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 743 teno vikAsa rUMdhAne ke je te doDIne nAsI jaI zake nahi. ane sAMskRtikatA cInI kAvyanA vizeSa guNo che. 1919nI nAnI uMmaranI chokarIonA lagna thatAM. panI uparAMta rakhAte thI methI zarU thayela krAMtikArI Adelane sAhitya ane kAvya rAkhavAno rivAja tyAM pracalita hate. jamInadArane tyAM para paNa prabhAva pADe. Adhunika yugamAM cInI kavitAne gulAma jevA aneka dAse rahetA. chokarInA lagna paisA joIne navuM rUpa ApanAra kavi -re che. 1921mAM teNe devIo' thatAM. Ama kajoDAM thatAM. AvAM aneka kurivAjone sAmyavAdI nAme kRti-kAvya saMgraha pragaTa karI vidroha ane AzAvAdanA sarakAre tarata ja daphanAvI dIdhA. cInamAM meTA jamInadAronI darzana karAvyA. saMkhyA deDha karoDa jeTalI hatI. 1952 sudhImAM temanI jamIna sarakAre laI lIdhI ne khetI karanAra 30 karoDa kheDUtemAM "zyA " cInI bhASAmAM navalakathA ane vArtA bane te vaheMcI ApI. 1928nI ra9mI ogaSTathI jana-mUna mATe vaparAya che, chuvAna chi- adbhuta vArtAo thAMgakAla sthApavAne Adeza ApyA A kempamAM hajAro kheDUta samaya sudhI lakhAI. chena dhAna - yue " bhaTakato AtmA " parivAra sabhya thayA. A vyAMga) sarakAra ane kaA pATI li phe-pee "nAgarAjanI kanyA' ane yuvAna che ne yuniTa kempanI sarakAra banI ane sahakArI khetInuM saMcAlana "ciMga ciMganI kahANI" jevI prema vArtAo lakhI no rAha thavA lAgyuM ane dezabharamAM 30 hajAra komyune hAla sthApAyAM pakaDo. 'vezyAnI vAta' 'dakSiNanA rAjyane rAjapAla" chinanuM che. sAmuhika saMpattinI janasaMpatti gaNAya che. mUDIvAdane svapna" nAme vArtAomAM jIvananuM yathArtha darzana thAya che. nAza thayo ane zramajIvIonuM sAcuM rAjya cInamAM sthapAyuM. cInI navalakathAono AraMbha mAMgela rAjavaMzathI thAya che. strI-puruSane samAnatA apAi. AnA pariNAme 1951mAM lekavAna ciMga te samaye lakhela navalakathA "sAna ke ciha agAunA kajoDAMnA pariNAma rUpe cAralAkha chUTAcheDAnA prasaMge yena I (traNa rAjadhAnIonI premAkhyAyikA jANItI yudhdha banyA. have bhAgye ja koI chUTAcheDAno prasaMga bane che. kAya- pradhAna aitihAsika navalakathA che. tenI bIjI suMdara navalakathA dAthI have bAlalagna baMdha thayA che ane lagnanI 5 uMmara che 'zuI ha (jayataTa." miMga kALanI zreSTha navalakathA che - aDhAra varSanI rakhAI che, chatAM yuvaka yuvatI covIsa pacIsa "china kiMga meI temAM suMga kALanuM bhraSTajIvana sabaLa rIte varSanI uMmare paraNe che. AlekhAyuM che. tene lekhaka vAMga ziha geMga 1593mAM mRtyu pAmyo hato. suprasidhdha cInI yAtrI yuvAna svAMganI bhAratanI yAtrA vize "zI yU ci' (pazcimanI yAtrA) navalacInanA sAhityane paNa I. sa. pUrvethI AraMbha thAya 1 kathA lakhAI. tenA lekhaka vU geMga--cena temaNe lekakathAo che, cUmuvAna (I. sa. pUrve 340-272) cIna dezabhakta vaNIne 100 prakaraNanI suMdara navalakathA lakhI che. "yU yA Adi kavi gaNAya che. tenI sarvottama racanA "zeka" (li sAva) e li" eka yuvakanA aneka janmanI premakathA che ane karmache. teNe chAtIe patthara bAMdhI jaLasamAdhi lIdhI hatI. vidyA phaLa tene mukhya viSaya che. "haMga lI maMga (lAla mahelanuM AThamI sadInA mahAna kavi che. teNe khUba duHkha sahana karyuM svapna' 17mI sadInA maMcu kALanI lokapriya navalakathA che. hatuM ane himAlaya sudhI bramaNa karyuM hatuM. teNe lakhyuM che; navalakathAkAra tyAo thaiva china 1724 - 1764) sAmaMtI "mArA sapheda vALamAMthI lAMbI dorI banaze te paNa tenAthI samAja ane zAsaka varganI duSTatAo khullI pADe che. temAM mArA duHkhanI uMDAI mApI zakAze nahi. eja yugane bIje mahAna kavi tupha (172-770) che. te dezamata hatuM ane karuNa ane hAsyarasanA AkhyAna ane kAvyo sAmela che. 24 bhAgamAM 4000 pAnAnI A kRtimAM 442 pAtra che. teNe kavitAmAM yudhdha, laDAI, sainika zikSA vagere paNa sAruM vU kiMga--jo (1781-1754)nI vidvAnonuM jIvana' nirUpaNa karyuM che. paNa vikhyAta navalakathA che. temAM vidvAna zAsakene hathiyAra banI svArtha sAdhu ane bhraSTa jIvana jIvatA yU chU pi paNuM A4 yugano trIjo mahAna kavi che. ane prApara atyAcAra gujAratA te vAta kaTAkSapUrNa rIte tenI mazahura kRti che 'cirasthAyI doSa.' A kRtimAM samrATa AlekhI che. miMgahmAMganuM adhaHpatana mArmika rUpe AlekhAyuM che. keyalA vecanAra', rAjanItijJa vagere tenI kaTAkSapUrNa kRtio che. Adhunika cInI sAhityano premacaMda ke gokI samAna kalenuM saudarya jotAM tenI mAtA kUvAmAM paDI tethI prerAI teNe gaNAte lekhaka lUhasana che te "Aha kayunI sAcI vAta." 'na kU" nAme suMdara kAvya lakhyuM che. gAMDAnI noMdhapothI,' 'navA varSanuM balidAna" jevI suMdara kRti e uparAMta aneka nibaMdha lakhI cInI sAhityamAM na thAMga kALa (600-900) cInI itihAsane suvarNa cIle paDe. pAo tuna yathArtha vAdI navalakathA ane vArtAyuga kahevAya che. A kALanI pacAsa hajAra kAvyakRtione ene saphaLa lekhaka che. "Indu dhanuSa" "saDaka' vagere dvArA teNe saMgraha 1907mAM 30 bhAgamAM pragaTa thayuM che. saMkSiptatA 1932 sudhImAM kAti prApta karI hatI. "madhya rAtri tenI thAyI doSa..mana kavi che. gAMganuM adha:pata Jain Education Intemational www.ainelibrary.org

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744 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 zreSTha navalakathA che. lAzanI rikSAvALA' kRti be AMtara- para kabajo' nAmanuM saMgItanATaka opere Thera Thera bhajavAtuM rASTrIya khyAti meLavI che. 1950mAM pragaTa thayela kiMgaliMganI lekaTripa operA che. cInamAM operAmAM abhinetA raMgamaMca vAyu ane sUrya racanA uttara zAMsInA kheDUtanA jIvanane para abhinaya kare che ane pArzvabhUmikAmAMthI gItamAM vArtA Alekhe che. "sAMga kAna nadI para' 'sUrya prakAza" navalakathA kahevAya che. 1949nI krAMti bAda Adhunika nATaka AMdolana mATe tene sTAlIna puraskAra maLelo. cInanA navanirmANamAM jana jAgRti mATe zarU thayuM ane 70,000 abhinetAo sAhityika phaLa ApanArAmAM lekhikA cA miMga ullekha- temAM bhAga letA hatA. mAotsa tuMga kahe che. " saMskRti niya che. tenI navakathA "zaktino strota" kArakhAnAnA kAmadAronA vinA senA vimUDha banI jAya che. te zatrune harAvI zakatI jIvana para AdhArita che. khuMga chu vaye ane yuvAna ziMga -- nathI' nRtyanA aneka prakAra cInamAM vikAsa pAmyA che. pati patnIe bhegAM maLI "putrIo ane putra nAmanI navalakathA lakhI che. temAM jApAnI senA sAme gerilA yudhanuM ajaMtAnI citrakalA bhAratamAM vakhaNAya che tevI cInanI sajIva citraNa che. tuna ghAMga ene luMgamana guphAomAMnI citrakalA vikhyAta che. suMdara jhINI kAgaLakaTAI cInanI rASTrIya kalA gaNAya che. ziyAna cInane Adhunika nATakakAra che. tenuM paMcAkI Ama cIna dareka kSetramAM kalA, udyoga ane jIvanamAM virATa nATaka aneka komyune ane kArakhAnAomAM bhajavAya che. pagale jhaDapI kuca karI duniyAmAM eziyAnuM eka mahAna rASTra 1966-68nI sAMskRtika krAMtinA divasemAM 'DAkuonA aDDA banI rahyuM che. hahahaha darada dara ra 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000008 With Best Compliments From Phone : 555422 * Merchants & Commission Agents * Government & States Contractors * Import-Export * Piecegoods Cotton, Woollen Silk, Art Silk & Yarns * Kariana, Spice, Drugs, Seeds * Mil Stores * Starches, Sizing & Finishing Products * Generel Merchandise * Specialists in all sorts of Head Wears, Brass Buttons & Bndges SIDHARTH PROCESSORS a000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000008 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 darara0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Processors of Cotton-NYLON-SYNTHETIC FABRICS-SAREES-SHIRTINGS SUITINGS-YOILES-etc. S MADHUSUDAN DWARKADAS & Co. 166 B Khareghat Road, Bombay-14 SHRI SHANTI Textile Mills Compound Agra Road, Ghatkopar Pombay-85 2000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0 00000000000000000000000000000000000 Jain Education Intemational

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bhAratIya saMskRtino deza InDoneziyA zrI kRSNavadana. jeTalI. rasa che. InDoneziyA ane bhAratano saMbaMdha atyaMta purANe InDoneziyAnI vasati 11 karoDathI vadhu che. temAM bAlI che. gujarAtamAM paNa pracalita kahevata che. je jAya jAve te TApumAM hiMduonI vasati che. 20 lAkha uparAMta InDoneziyana pAchA na Ave je Ave te pariyAnA pariyA ( chokarAnA hiduM che. ane zaiva dharma pALe che. 25 baudhdha che. chekarA) khAve. eTaluM kamAI lAve, A gujarAtI kahevata jAvA 17000 uparAMta bhAratIo tyAM vase che. prajAne meTo bhAga ane sumAtrA ane bAlI jevA InDoneziyA nA TApu sAthe malaya jAtino che. pacIsa bhASAo ane aDhIse upabhASAApaNe vyApArika saMbaMdha darzAve che. agatya trASi InDone- vALA A dezanI rASTrabhASA "bahAsA InDoneziyA che." te ziyA gayA hatA. temanI mUrti tyAM che. teo himAlayamAMthI nIce malaya bhASA samAna che. malaya bhASAmAM saMskRta zabdanuM pramANa UtaryA. badrikedAra jatAM anya Sino Azrama Ave che. sAruM che. lipi tarIke romanalipine svIkAra karavAmAM teo mArgamAM vidhyAcala parvatanA daMDavata praNAma jhIlI - Avyo che. tene oLaMgI agnieziyA javA haMkArI gayA. temanA A pravAsanA smaraNane tAjuM rAkhavA khagoLazAstrIoe agni 17mI ogasTa 194pane dine tene rASTra meradekA- dizAnA eka tArAne agatya RSinuM nAma ApyuM che agni svAtaMtrya-dina InDoneziyAne rASTradhvaja-saMga meraTha punita eziyA inDoneziyAne artha InDasa eTale pUrva bhAratIya 27mI Disembara 1949ne dine sarakArI mAnyatA pAme ane esesa eTale TApu arthAta pUrva bhAratIya TApuo temAM laMbAImAM pAMca ekama ane pahoLAImAM traNa ekama thAya che. che temAM zveta ane lAla raMganA sarakhA pramANamAM samace-- karaDe varSo pahelAM pracaMDa bhUkaMpa be sthaLa tyAM jaLa ane jaLa tyAM sthaLa karI utpAta macAvyuM ane bhArata khaMDa - A raMge Dacaleke sAme krAMti jagavanAra netA kumAra ane osTreliyAne joDatA pradezane chinnabhinna karI nAMkhyo. dipanegarAnA dhvajanA ja che. tenuM rASTragIta "InDeneziyA temAM je AMdAmAna nikebArathI dakSiNe ane osTreliyAnI rAyA" che. tene kavi 1993nI 9me ne dine ja mele ane uttara sudhI je 13,677 TApuone samuha rahyo che te inDo 35 varSanI vaye 1938mAM devaleka pAmela vAge rUDolpha neziyA uttare 6 akSAMzathI dakSiNe 14 akSAMza ane 95 suprata mera jAkArtAmAM 28mI okaTobara 1928mAM maLelI yuvaka rekhAMzathI 141 pUrva rekhAMzamAM A TApuono kule vistAra kAvyasara ra kesamAM te sauthI lokapriya hatuM. teNe Daca zAsana sAme 7,35000 corasa mAIla che. A TApuomAMnA keTalAMka nirjana che. ane 6044 TApuo mAnava vasativALA che. A (1) eka rASTra () eka davaja (3) eka bhASA. TApuo jANe viSuvavRtta para laTakatI pRthvInI 'nilama mekhalA" che. A 13 hajAra TApuonA cAra vibhAga pADI zakAya. rASTriya pravRttinI zarUAta 1908mAM InDoneziyAmAM vidyArthI oe ane adhyApakee "budI uttama" nAmanI saMsthA (1) mahAsuda TApuo sthApI karuM . A saikAnA trIjA dAyakAmAM InDoneziyanI Daca (2) gauNa suMda ane nasaTegArA sarakAre svataMtratA vize vAta karavA ke lakhavA mATe dezanikA lanI sajA nakkI karI hatI. tyAre eka sAhasI rASTravAdI () maluka TApuo InDoneziyane TAIpa karelI patrikA 'vaMde mAtarama' pragaTa karI (4) pazcima iriyananI AjubAjunA TApuo AmAM sauthI hatI. matAmi yuga InDoneziyA mATe suvarNayuga hate. mukhya cha TApuo che. InDoneziyAnuM rASTrapratIka vihaMgarAja garuDanI mukhya (1) sumAtrA (prAcIna suvarNa dvipa) AkRti dharAve che. garuDane maMtra viSabhayane kAraNe bhejana pahelAM belavAno tyAM rivAja che tenI vimAna sevAne paNa (2) jAvA (jayadvipa) garuDa eravejha' kahevAya che. A garUDanA paMjAmAM Bhinne(3) kAlImAMnana (4) sulasI (5) bAlI ka Tung al fka (bhinnatA mahIM ekatA) nuM sUtra che. (6) loka ane melukkA. garuDanI bannI pAMkha prasArelI che. dareka pAMkhamAM 17 pIchAM Jain Education Intemational

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946 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga 2 inDoneziyAmAM nA 21 mI eprIla, 1 ca lokonA vakha enI pUMchaDImAM 8 pIchAM che. ane garaDanI keTamAM laTakatI 83 TakA ane kavItAInanuM 100 jeTaluM utpAdUna InDanehRdayAkAra hAlamAM pAMca khAnA che. A traNa AMkaDA parathI ziyAmAM thatuM hatuM. i-Done zayAmAM Thera Thera javALAmukhIo 17-8-194pa (rASTradina) no yAdagAra divasa sUcita thAya che. sumAtramAM 90 sakriya javALAmukhI parva to che. inDoneziyA che. pAMca khAnAmAM pratIka paMcazIlanA che. viSuvavRtta pAse AveluM hovAthI tyAM phakata unALe ane comAsuM be ja hatuo che. temAM paNa varasAda baMne bAjumAM InDoneziyana rASTra paMcazIlanA Adarzo dharAve che te paDe jyAre varasAda na hoya tyAre unALo ! be geramAM lagache (1) tAro izvara zradhdhA) (2) mahiSa ( prajAnI svAyatta bhaga dararoja varasAduM paDe che. tyAMnuM uSNatAmAna vadhumAM vadhu sattA) (3) vaTavRkSa (rASTrIyatA) (4) DAMgara ane kapAsa (ane 90 aMza pheranahAiTa ane ochAmAM ochuM 66 aMza hoya vastra-sAmAjIka nyAya) ane (5) sAMkaLa (mAnavatA ane che. sumAtramAM 120 thI 80 IMca varasAda paDe che. jagatanuM samAnatAne joDatI) InDoneziyAnI bAtika kalAnA va - 68 TakA-kepoka rezamI. InDoneziyA pUruM pADe che. duniyAbharamAM prakhyAta che. InDoneziyAnA badhAM TApuomAM jAvA sauthI mahatvane InDoneziyAmAM strInA samAna haka mATenI jAgRtinuM che. InDoneziyA jAvAne jAkArtAmAM rAjadhAnI dharAve che, jAkAkAma rAjakumArI kati nIe karyuM. te 21 mI eprIla 18 mAM rAjadhAnI dharAve che. jAkArtAnI vasati 25 lAkha upa79mAM janmI hatI. ane 21 varSanI yuvAvasthAmAM deva rAMta che. Daca lekonA vakhatamAM jAkArtAnuM nAma baTeviyA leka pAmI. paraMtu teNe lakhelA patra sAhityanI uttama ha. kAlImAMtana jAvAnI sarakhAmaNImAM sau thI moTo 208, kRti samAna gaNAya che. ane yunesko dvArA tenuM aMgrejI 300 corasa mAIlano che. chatAM tyAM vasati 30 lAkha jeTalI bhASAMtara pragaTa thayuM che. A patromAM pragaTa karelAM vicAre che. ane tethI nAnA 182,870 corasa mAIlanA vistAra e strIomAM jAgRti ANI ane katinI zALAo zarU * vALA sumAtramAM 1 karoDa 20 lAkha jeTalI vasati che. kheDUta thaI. 1928mAM strIonI ke gaeNsa peremyuAna InDoneziyA kemAM "getAMga -rejoMga paraspara madadane rivAja che. ? nI sabhA jAkArtAmAM maLI "kovAnI ' koMgresa vanitA InDoneziyA "nI nArI saMsthAe lagna viSayaka kAyadAmAM InDoneziyAmAM "rApheleziyA" nAmanuM phUla khIle tyAre ghaNuM sudhArA karAvyA che zrImatI herAvatI Diaha aMgrejI 36 IMca jeTaluM moTuM hoya che. ane 30 IMcanI jADAI akhabAra "InDoneziyana obajharvara 'nI mukhya saMpAdikA vALA thaDa dharAvatA vAMsa tyAM sAmAnya pedAza che. 'taukekeha' che hAchokro amite InDoneziyana rASTravAdane pitA nAmanI 20 phUTa lAMbI garoLI ke che rAte bhayajanaka avAja gaNAya che. kare che. dareka desa (gAmaDAmAM mAM belAI Adata ( vaDilenuM ghara ) hoya che tyAM jaI leko dainika jhaghaDAno nikAla kare bAramI sadImAM jAvAnA rAjA bomoe bhaviSyavANI che. gAmaDAmAM rAtre vArApharatI majabUta loke cokI kare che. bhAkhI hatI ke InDoneziyA para gorI prajAnuM rAja Avo, inDoneziyAnuM 10 vibhAgomAM 10 rAjyapAle taLe vahecA-- ane tyArabAda pILI (jApAnI) prajAnuM zAsana Avaze , yeluM che. ane pachI cheDA mAsamAM inDoneziyA AjhAda thaze A bhaviSyavANI sAcI paDI jApAna nedharalenDanA helAMDanA eziyAnA rASTronI pariSada InDoneziyAmAM bAMgaDuMgamAM traNa sadInA Daca zAsanane InDoneziyAmAMthI harAvI InDo- maLI hatI. eziyana ramatagamatane prathama utsava InDonezineziyA para rAjya karyuM ane pachI inDoneziyAe mera yAmAM ujavAyo hato. ane bhArate tenA smaraNa TapAla TikiTa dekA AjhAda banyuM. A AjhAdInI prAptimAM buMga bhAI) kADhI hatI rAmAyaNa mahotsava paNa InDoneziyAmAM ujavAyo. sukarNa (janma 1901 jAnyuArI-6 no agatyane phALe dArUla islAma pakSe inDonesiyAne islAmI bAnavanA yatna che. tenI sAthe tenA sAthI De hATAe paNa jyAM sudhI karyo. InDoneziyA AjhAda na thAya tyAM sudhI nahi paraNavAnI pratijJA lIdhI hatI paMDita naherUe yunemAM inDoneziyAne InDoneziyAmAM bhAratIya saMskRtinI asara bhASA kesa raju karyo ne yunonI daramyAnagIrIthI nedharalenDane AjhAdI thI rAjyataMtra dharma, zilpa, sAhitya vageremAM prasarelI che. ne svIkAra karavo paDayo InDoneziyAnI sthAnika anuzrutimAMthI eno ullekha maLe che. emAM sauthI vadhu ulalekha ajika nAme ekajAvA ane madarA TApuo samaya InDoneziyAne nava zakane Ave che. ajizaka nAme hastinApura ( dihI) TakA jeTalA vistAra che. parantu AkhA dezanI vasati tyAM nA pAMDava rAjAne mukhyamaMtrI hatA ane zaka saMvatanA pahelA vase che. prajAmAM 70 TakA khetI kare che. bIjA vizvayuddha varSamAM jovAmAM teNe saMsthAna vasAvyuM hatuM. jAvAnI anupahelAM jagatamAM koparAnuM 31 TakA rambaranuM 37 TakA marInuM zrutimAM kaliMga ane gujarAtane ulekha paNa che. kaliMgane vadhu ulekha a.nA ulekha zakano Ave ,AkhA dezanI vAta na ja che. prajAmAM 70 Ta Jain Education Intenational

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha 747 lagatI kathAmAM jovAmAM kharI saMskRtinI zarUAta zaka saMvata tyAMnA kSatriya varNanA rAjAonuM kuLanAma kauDinya hatuM ema 289 eTale I. sa. 367thI thaI jaNAvI che. kaI jagyAe jaNAvyuM che A ullekha I. sa. 518 thI I. sa. 630ne ajizane gujarAtano rAjA gaNavAmAM AvyA che ane tene che. AThamI sadImAM InDoneziyAmAM zailendra rAjyanI sattA samaya I. sa. 75 jeTaluM prAcIna TharAvAya che. gujarAta prasarI. saMbaMdhI bIjI eka anutimAM bhUvijaya savelacAla nAme rAjaputra pitAnA rAjyano nAza thavAnI AgAhIthI agama zailendra vaMzanA madhya bhAva mAMthI maLelA be zilAlekha cetI vAparIne (zaka=saMvata para) I. sa. 63 mAM gujarAta mAM te vaMzanA rAjA paMcakaraNane lekha I. sa. 778ne che choDI jAvA cAlyo gayo. ane sAthe vividha varganA-kisAna, ane rAjA Indrane I. sa. 782no che. zailendraunuM rAjya kArIgara, ronaka, vaidya, lekhaka vagara pAca hajAra mANasAna te suvarNa dvipanA ghaNA vistRta pradeza para sattA dharAvatuM laI gayo. tyAM teNe saMsthAna vasAvI bIjA be hajAra mANase ? hatuM keTalAka vidvAnono matAnusAra zailendronuM mULa rAjya teDAvyA temAM paththara ane pittaLanuM kAma karanArA zipIo jAvAmAM hatuM. nAlandranA eka tAmrapatramAM suvarNa dvipa paNa hatA. A kArIgaroe tyAM paMbanana ane barabuduranAM (sumAtrA)ne rAjA bAlaputra devanA pitAmahane zailendra vaMza vikhyAta devAlaya bAMdhyAM. jAvAnA jUnA lekhamAM vaparAyelI bhASAmAM keTalAkane kaliMga ane gujarAtanI asara dekhAya che. yava (jAvA ) bhUminA rAjA tarIke varNavyA che. A lekha pAla vaMzanA rAjA devapAlanA samayane (9mI sadIne) che. jAta kathAmAM bharukaccha (bharUca)thI suvarNabhUmi (sumAtra) nA pravA zailendronA samayamAM InDoneziyAmAM bhAratIya saMskRti kulIsanI kathA Ave che. jAvAnI saMskRtimAM pUrva ane pazcima phAlI zailendro kaliMga deza pUrva bhAratamAMthI AvyA haze. bhArananI asara che. dhArmika mAnyatAomAM ane zilpakalAnI kaliMgamAM A arasAmAM zaidabhava vaMzanuM rAjya hatuM. zaile. praNAlikAomAM pUrva bhAratanA pAla ane cola rAjyanI asara ndra eTale girirAsu himAlaya agiyAramI sadImAM zailendrone ane zaka saMvatamAM pazcima bhAratanI asara jaNAya che. dakSiNa bhAratanA cela rAjAo sAthe saMgharSaNa thayuM. zailendra InDoneziyAnA rAjakIya itihAsa vigatavAra AThamI rAjAone makaravaja kahyA che. emanuM rAja pratika makara hatuM sadIthI zarU thAya che. cInI sAhityamAM yadvipa (AvA) nA I. sa. 1275nA arasAmAM jAvAnA mahArAjA kRtanagara rAjA devavarmAe I. sa. 132mAM cInamAM elacI mekalyAno malAyAne keTalAka bhAga sara karyo jyAre zailendra rAjyanI ulalekha che. malayadvipa kaMbujane caMpAmAM bhAratIya saMskRti paDatI hatI tyAre jAvAmAM rAjyasattAnI caDatI hatI ane pahelI bIjI sadImAM pravezI hatI. cInane phAdyAna jyAre pazcima jAvAmAM rAjya sattAnuM kendra hatuM. I. sa. 700 mAM bhAratathI zrIlaMkA thaI cIna jatuM hatuM tyAre dariyAnA tephA- saMjaya nAme rAjAe madhya jovAmAM navuM rAjya sthApyuM te nane kAraNe tene jAvAmAM rokAvuM paDayuM. A vakhate I sa. rAjyanA mukhya mulaka matarAma kahevAtA I. sa. 900nA ara41pamAM jAvAmAM brAhmaNa dharma pracalita hato. e pachI bauddha sAmAM pUrva jAvAmAM dharmodaya mahAzaMbhu rAjAnI sattA hatI vidvAna guNavarmA zrIla kA thai jAvA gayA ane tyAM bauddha prAcIna jAvAne sthApatyanA uttama namUnAonA yaza zailendra dhama ne pracAra karyo. I. sa. 431mAM naMdI vAsanA vepArInA vaMzanA rAjAone ghaTe che. pachI sattAnuM ane saMskRtinuM kendra vahANamAM te cIna kAyA hatA. pazcima jAvAmAM maLelA prAcIna pUrve jAvAmAM gayuM. tyAM prathama rAjA zrIizamana dhamaeNtaMgautkIrNa lekhamAM cAra lekha rAja pUrNa varmAnA che enA eka deva hate (929 - 947) matarAmana rAjyamAM te mahA amAtya pUrva je caMdrabhAgA nAme nahera khodAvI hatI ane pUrNa varmAe ane yuvarAjano adhikAra dharAvatA eNe aneka zaiva devAlaya gomatI nAme nahera khedAvI brAhmaNone hajAra gAyanI dakSiNa baMdhAvyA. enA pachI tenI putrI IzAnatuMga vijyA gAdIe ApI hatI. lekhanI bhASA saMkRta che ane lipi bhAratIya AvI. eno vAraso enA putra mukuravaMza vardhanane maLe. jevI che. maLe jAvAmAM maLelA lekhanI bhASA, hakIkata ane enI putrI mahendradattA bAlInA rAjaputra udayanane paraNI hatI. tenI AsapAsanI trizULa, zaMkha, cakra, gadA, pathI jevI AkR udayana ane mahendradattAnA putra eralaMge dezanI aMdhAdhUMdhI tio bhAratIya saMskRtinA pratibiMba samAna che. dUra karI ane anaMta vikratuMgadeva nAme rAjyasattA punaH sthApI. rAjyakuLanI dharmaprasAdetuMgadevI nAme eka strI enI sumAtrAmAM pahelA malayu ane zrI vijya nAme rAjya mahAmaMtrI hatI. A rAjAe chevaTe saMnyAsa lIdhe hate. hatA. itsiMganA samayamAM malayu rAjya para zrI vijayanI jAvAnA itihAsamAM tenuM sthAna mahatvanuM che. bAramI sadImAM sattA hatI. I. sa. 670 thI 750nA arasAmAM zrI vijaya kaDirI AkhA jAvAnuM mukhya rAjya gaNAtuM te nAma pachI rAjya taraphathI cInamAM judA judA elacI mekalavAmAM AvyA siMdhasArI banyuM. siMdhasArInA kRtanagare suvarNa dvipamAM jamAveluM hatA. bauddha caityonA bAMdhakAmanI vAta paNa te vakhatanA Adhipatya bhajavAhita rAjya punA meLavyuM. (I. sa. 129) lekhamAM che. bAlI vizenA eka cInI sAhityanA ullekhamAM rAjyanI vArasadAra kuMvarI gAyatrI bhikSuNuM banI hatI. tethI Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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748 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga 2 tenI putrI tribhavanatuMgadevI rAjyano vahIvaTa karatI ane ane jamaNuM zivanuM evI rIte hariharanI mUrtimAM DAbuaMga jaMgala rAjya "jIvananI kuMvArI kahevAtI. A majApahita harinuM-viSNunuM ane jamaNuM haranuM-zivanuM hiMdu sAmrAjya hatuM. 1826mAM moTo dukALa paDaye eka taMtrayAnanA bheravavAda dvArA brAhamaNa dharma ane bauddha 1428mAM majAhita rAjyanuM patana thayuM. tenA rAjya kALamAM dharmane samanvaya thaye. bhAratamAM buddhane viSNunA avatAra 500 maMdiromAMnA keTalAkanuM zipa jagatamAM zreSTha hatuM, gaNavAmAM AvyA ane InDoneziyAmAM buddhane zivanA nAnAjema InDoneziyAmAM hiMdudharma, bauddha saMpradAya bhArata- bhAI gaNavAmAM AvyA. hajI bAlInAM devAla mAM ziva ane mAMthI gayA tema muslIma dharma paNa bhAratamAM tyAM gaye 1pamI buddhanI upAsanA sAthe sAthe thAya che. moTA utsavane prasaMga sadInA utarArdhamAM IslAma dharma jAvA pahoma I. sa. 15- cAra va ane eka bauddha pUrI sAthe maLIne kAma kare che. 20 sudhImAM javAnAM baMdare muslIma thaI gayAM hatAM. I. sa. rAjazabanA agni saMskAra samaye baMne saMpradAyanA purohi1111mAM abadulA aripha nAmanA Arae ane te pachI tenAM jala mizrita karavAmAM Ave che. bAlInA loko deve tenA anuyAyI burahAnudine inDoneziyAne musalamAna banava- ane bhUtamAM bahu mAne che dareka gharamAM dareka gRhastha sUrya vAnI zarUAta karI. hatI. . sa. 1205mAM alpenanA rAjAe sevana dvArA sUrya svarUpe rahela zivanI ArAdhanA kare che. IslAma dharma svIkAryo. 18mI sadInA uttarArdha sudhImAM devAlayanA brAhmaNa pUjArIne "padaMDa" kahe che kaI bAbatamAM Akhe jAvA TApu muslima banI gayuM hatuM. jeo murilama ivaranI zI IrachA che te jANavA takasu nAme devano koI na hotA banavA mAMgatA te bhAgIne bAlI TApumAM jaI vasyA dehamAM praveza karAvavAmAM Ave che. nadInA tIrtho dikane mahimA ane hindu rItarivAjane vaLagI rahyA. ghaNuM manAya che tyAMnI nadIonA nAma gaMgA, yamunA, siMdhu, sarayU, narmadA, godAvarI ane kAverI rAkhavAmAM AvyA che. I seLamAM satakanI zarUAtamAM InDoneziyAmAM piTuMche AvyA. pachI spenanA leke, phrAMsanA loko, Daca loko prAcIna jApAnIjha bhASA bhArata jApAnIjha bhASA hatI ane 160nI AsapAsa aMge je AvyA. sattaramI sadInA ane tene "kAvI" kahetAM, navA jAvAnIjha (sAhityane nUtana AraMbhathI Daca sattAnI zarUAta thaI. InDoneziyAne che. jAvAnIjha sAhitya kahe che ane tenI kRtrima uduSTa bhASAne svataMtra rAjA Atmane sulatAna Tuku muDammada dAvu hate. kAvI kahe che vA9imahinA saMskRta rAmAyaNane maLatuM prAcIna 1902mAM te hAryo tenI rANI ane te keda pakaDAyA ane jAvAnIjha sAhityanuM "rAmAyaNa kakAvIna" che. temAM 26 sarga baMnene 1907 mAM sumAtrAmAMthI jAvAmAM dezapAra karavA mAM che. A mahAkAvyane kartA gIzvara che. ane teno samaya AvyAM. I. sa. 1094ne che. nUtana jAvAnIjha sAhityamAM "serata rAma' nAme kAvya che. InDoneziyAnI rAma kathAne AraMbha Daca zAsanamAM InDoneziyAe navo yuga jo Daca AdamanA vakhatathI karavAmAM AvyuM che. temAM rAvaNa ane isTa inDiyA kaMpanI dvArA rAkSasIrUpe inDoneziyAnuM Arthika dazarathane pUrva vRtAMta che. dAnavendra kavandranI I drapurI zeSaNa thayuM zrIvijayanA navA avatAra samuM sumAtrAnuM pAda brahmarAje laI lIdhI ane pote tenI putrI citravaMtI sAthe mabaMga baMdara eka jamAnAmAM marInA vepAranuM kendra hatuM. vivAha karyo temane citravatu putra thaze. citravaDa moTo thaI paNa te kalAI vaDe samRddha thayuM ane have telanA vepAranuM kuvandranA meTA putra nIti-kuvacanI putrIne paraNya ane enAthI tene dazamukha nAme putra thaye a. rAvaNa nAti kuva canA bhAI sumAlInI putrI sukezIe kuMbhakaNa-zUparNakhAnA bhAratanA leke InDoneziyAmAM vasatA thayA tyArathI joDakAne janma Apyo brahmarAjanA sAthIdAra AdIzvaranA tyAM brAhmaNa dharmanA bIja vavAyAM. ziva, viSNu, zakti, brahmA moTA putra " AdIzvara mahArAjA" nAma dhAraNa karyuM. Aja vagere devadevIonI upAsanA thavA lAgI. paraMtu temAM mukhya dazaratha te valapadAra ane mAdarI nAme be vidyAdharIne parasthAna zivanuM rahyuM. paMbanana pradezanA devAlamAM mahatvanuM yA hatA. rAvaNe maMdodarI tarapha mITa mAMDI maMdodarI pitAnI sthAna zivAlanuM che bArA je garaMganA mukhya traNa devAlamAM.. jevI banAvaTI maMdadarI rAva samakSa rajU karI ane rAvaNa vacaluM vizALa devAlaya zivanuM che ane uttare viSNunuM tathA kRtrima maMdodarIne lai gayo rAvaNanI maMdadarIne jamelI dakSiNe brahmAnuM maMdira che. brAhmaNa dharma hAlamAtra bAlI kanyA peTImAM pUrI dariyAmAM vahetI mukAI te sItA Ama TApumAM cAlu rahyo che. InDoneziyAnI prAcIna mUrtiomAM sItA te rAvaNane putrI tene dazarathanA pitarAI RSikAle zivanA baMne svarUpa phaundra ane saumya - mUta thayAM che. saumya ucherI dazarathanI patnI valyadAne putra bhAva te rAma ane svarUpa mahAdeva kahevAya che. dezadra mahAkAla mahAdevanI mUtine patnI maMdodarIne putra muddaka te lakSamaNa sItAne garbha aMjaeka mukha ane cAra hAtha hoya che. ziva ane zaktinI ekatA nAnA udaramAM mUkavAmAM AvyA te hanumAna jagyA A rIte ardhanArIzvaranI mUrtimAM vyakta thaI che. DAbuM aMga zaktinuM hanumAna te rAmanA putra hatA ! rAmanA putra kuza-lavene Jain Education Intemational

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha 749 vivAha IndrajitanI rAvaNanA putranI putrI sAthe karavAmAM bhAratanA prasaMgo ane vayaMga ge DeganAM nATakamAM paMjIkathA A sItAnI mULa utpatti rAvaNanI putrI tarIke hatI te paMcataMtranA prasaMge Ave che. madhya jAvAnA sAhityamAM keTalAMka vAte jainonA uttara purANamAM che. kiDuga (kAvya) paMjI nATakane lagatAM che. malAta nagare ki tuma | madhya jAvAnA lArA je ga raMganA maMdiromAM ane pUrva kathA saritsAgara jevuM daLadAra che. jAvAnAM panatarata maMdiromAM rAmAyaNanA prasaMge zipIoe kaDAryA che. jAvA ane bAlImAM mahAbhAratanI kathAnA rUpamAM InDoneziyAnA prAcIna samAraka moTe bhAge dhArmika che taro paNa maLyAM che. za95 parva ane sauptika para nI yuddhakathA ane devAlayane caDI kahe che tenA pravezadvAra para kAla- kADerInA rAja jayabhayanA samayamAM racAyela bharata yuddhamAM che. makaranI zilapAkRti hoya che. ane TocanA vacalA bhAgamAM hariva za'no anuvAda paNa jayabhayanA samayamAM "kakAvIna' rUpe kAlanuM karAla mukha hoya che. madhya jAvAnA paththaranA smArakanA thayo hato. temAM kRSNa sAme laDatA jarAsaMdhane pAMDa madada je avazeSa madhya jovAmAM che. temAM sauthI jUnA yiMga nAme karatA hatA. evuM darzAvyuM che. purANomAM "brahma purANa" nI ucca pradezamAM che temAM (1) caMDI arjuna (2) caMDI zikhaMDI prata maLI che. temAM brahmAe aMDamAMthI sRSTi sajI sunandAdi (3) caMDI putadeva yudhiSThira) (4) caMDI saubhadu pazcimAbhimukha cAra putra utpanna karyA, adhisIla kRNe romaharSaNane manu - che. ane caMDI samapUrvAbhimukha che A mukhyatve zivAlaya vaMza kama kahevA vinaMti karI pachI brahmAe nava devaSi pedA che. ane temAM ziva, durgAne gaNezanI mUrtio uparAMta brahmA karyA, te pachI vAyaMbhuva manu ane zatarUpA pedA thayA ane ane viSNunI mUrtio maLI AvI che. caMDI bhImanuM sthApatya temane vaMza cAlya; "sumana sAntaka" kAvyamAM raghuvaMzanA uttara bhAratanA bhiTAgAMva devAlayanI zailInuM che, tenA zikharanA aja ane indumatInI kathA che. A 190 sarganuM mahAvya gokhalAomAMnA uttarAMgamAM zilpInI siddha kalA dekhAya che che. bAlInA vIrataMtramAM kuMbharNa-hanumAnanu yudhdha va te ke paLa zAtmaka che. vAyuM che. "ghaTotkacAzraya" nAmekakAlIna parathI jAvAno malAyAmAM aneka nATako racAyAM che. "pArtha vijaya" kAvyamAM arjuna ane zaiva dharmanA bIjA deva maMdira aMbanana pradezamAM che ulUpInA putra irAvana tathA kArtavIryane vaMzaja nIlanA vadhane temAM ganaMga Ina zivAlaya nAMdhapAtra che. lArA- gAMganuM prasaMga varNa vAve che. "kauravAzraya" vAdyagraMthamAM kaura pharI sajI- devasthAna samasta jAvAnAM zivAlamAM sarvottama che lArA vana thaI pAMDave para veravALavA Indragiri para tapa karavA jAya gaoNga rAja putrI hatI. teNe karelA kapaTathI nArAja thayelA che. nava raci" nAme bAlI sAhitya graMthamAM bhImanA parAkramonuM yuvAne tene zApa dIdhuM ane te paththaranI mUrti banI gaI varNana che. "zrIlaMgajuga" nAme kiDugamAM kahyuM che ke nakulane A mati gauNu devAlayamAM che cAkanA vaMDAnI AsapAsa putra sIdapakSa sahadevanI putrI zrItagane para hatuM. ane derIonI traNa paMkita che ane kula 150 derIo che. zivAzaMkAne kAraNe tene mArI nAkhI hatI. paNa te nirdoSa hovAthI layanA pradakSiNA pathane pharatI vadikA nI bahAranI bAjunA dae tene sajIvana karI kavi gedharanA putra dharma che gokhala mAM traNa traNa manuSyanI zilpAkRti che. ane aMdaranI maradahana kaDirI rAjyanA kAmevara prathamanA samayanuM che. bAjumAM rAmAyaNa kathAnA prasaMgenI 42 zi95 paMkita che. emAM kAma nI prati kAmezvara tarIke thaI che. 'lumbakamAM garbhAgAramAM mahAdevanI ubhI caturbhuja mUrti zipakalAne zivarAtrInI kathA che. te kAvyane kartA tanakuMga che. "rAmavijaya' ajoDa namUna che. caMDIganena zivAlayamAM zivanI pUrNamAna kAvyamAM reNukAnA premamAM nirAza thayela aMgApaNe uttejita pratimA che. caMDI saMtAnamAM gaNapatinI cauda pratimA che. karelA sahastrArjunane jAmanya parazurAme harAvyAnI kathA che. caMDI merAkanuM gepura bhavya i. saMga- satyavAna nI madhya - jAvAnA kAvyamAM sAvitrInI vAta che. paraMtu sAvitrIne yayAtI ane devayAnI putrI kahI che. I. sa. 7pa0-1880nA madhya kALa daramiyAna paMbanana InDoneziyAnA dharma sAhityamAM "caturveda che te nArAya- ane kedu pradezamAM bauddha dharmanA aneka bhavya devAlayo NAtharvazIpi . padanuM rUpa che. nitya pUjAmAM sUrya sevana baMdhAyAM aMDI kalasana (I. sa. 778) caMDI sarI (I. sa. vidhino mahimA che. "bhuvana purANamAM ke lAsavAsI paramezvara 800) caMDI sevu (I. sa. 925 ) caMDI kalasana eka vaziSThane varNAzrama dharma samajAve che 'prahasti bhuvanamAM cAra zailendra rAjAe baMdhAvyuM ane "kalasa" nAme gAmanuM dAna yuganA mukhya rAjAe dharma che ane lAke vize mAhitI che. AyuM. tenA dvAra uparanA bhAgamAM kAla mukhanuM kadAvara dhArAzAstramAM kuTAra--mAnava jAvAmA ghaNuM pracalita hatuM. auSa- zipa che. pUrvAbhimukha caMDI sarIne be majalA che. nIcalA dhane InDoneziyAmAM usadA kahevAmAM Ave che. inDoneziyAmAM majalAmAM praveza dvAranI be bAjue vAtAyana AkRti ketarUpaka-nATakane 'vayaMga kahe che. tene sAta prakAra che. tenA be relI che upalo mALa vihArane che saMDI evuM jAvAnuM bIjA chApA-nATakanA che. vayaMga parvanA nATakamAM rAmAyaNa-mahA- naMbaranuM moTuM devasthAna che. enA mukhya devAlayanI Asa Jain Education Intemational

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750 pAsa 232 devAlayeA che. A samaya pachInA audhdha devAlayeAmAM caDI plAvasana ane caDI sajIvana neAMdhapAtra che. ca'DI plAvasanamAM devAlayeAnA traNa jUthamAM dakSiNa cheDAnA jUthamAM eka moTuM cArasa devAlaya che. temAM 11 baudhdhabhUti e che, caDI sajIvananI pIThikAnA vacalA bhAga para paMcataMtra, jAtaka kathA ane tatri kathAnA dazyo che. baudhamanA sarvottama devAlaye ketu pradezamAM caMDI maita ane caMDI pavana che. caDI medUtanI divAla paranI vacalI paMktimAM tArA saumya ane dra svarUpanI ane bedhIsatva avalekitezvaranI pratimAe che. bAjunI ATha paktimAM maitreya, maMntuzrI, padmapANi, jevA ATha kheAdhisatvAnI pratimAo che. tyAM ekaja zilAmAMthI kaDArelI budhdhanI dasa phUTa UMcI pratimA che. avalokitezvaranI pratimA pITha para je siMhamakara AkRti che te bhAratanA sAranAthanA budhdhanI pratimA pIThaparanI AkRti jevI che. caMDI pavana nAnuM paNa darzanIya che. devAlayanA cAra khUNA para cAra UMcA zRMga ane garbhAgAranA vacalA bhAga para moTuM UMcuM zRMga tathA zikharanI aMdaranA cAra bAjunA zRgA maLI nava zaMgA che. ca'DI me'dUta ane caDI pavananI sIdhI lITImAM AgaLa jatAM jagavikhyAta barabuDuranuM dharmasthAna Ave che. suvaNudvipa inDoneziyAnI A jagavikhyAta sarvottama zilpakRti kharabudguranA artha 'bahu yudhdha ' thAya che. temAM 700 uparAMta budhdha pratimAo che. mULa devAlaya nava majalAnu che. enu kSetra 360x360 phUTa jeTalu vistRta ane UMcAi 116 phUTa che ane te dUrathI kAcabA jevuM kheDA ghATanuM dekhAya che. mULa pAyAnA upalA bhAgamAM mAnava, rAkSasa, nAga jAtinA strI puruSonA zilpAnA eka 'suMdara paTTo' che. nIcalI cAra vedikAnI daherIomAM cAre bAjue cAra dhyAnI edhisatveAnI mUrtio che. (1) pUrNAMmAM afAbhya (2) dakSiNamAM ratnasabhava (3) pazcimamAM amitAbha ane (4) uttaramAM ameDhA sidhdha sauthI upalI vedikAnI daherImAM cAre bAju pAMcamA dhyAnI budhdha bairAcananI mUrti che. devAlayanI madhya rekhAnI labAi pIDikAnA 360 phUTanI jagyAe dhIme dhIme sauthI uparane majale 90 phUTa sudhI ghaTI jAya che. A dharmasthAnanA badhAM aMgeApAMga jotAM te zilpanA akhUTa khajAnA jaNAya che. sAtamAM majalAmAM kula 32 stUpa che. AThamAmAM 24 ane navamAmAM 16 dareka stUpanA khaMDanI aMdara dhyAnI budhdha chaThThA-vrajasatvanI bhUti che. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga 2 smArakane pahela vahelA namUnA kiDarI rAjyanA prakhyAta rAjA a ralaMganA samayanA che. eka zilAmAMthI ghaDelI cArasa samAdhimAM nava khAnAM che ane te darekanAM rAjAnA asthibhasma nA avazeSa che. A uparAMta caturbhuja viSNu bhagavAnanI mUrti nI mukhAkRti auralaMga jevA rAjAnI mukhAkRti jevI che. sidha sArI yuganA traNa namUnA noMdhapAtra che. caDA kaDAla, caMDI jagA ane caMDI siMdhasArI mApahita rAjya daramiyAna zilpamAM jAvAnu vilakSaNa tatva umerAyuM, majApahita nagaramAM aneka bhavya mahAlayA ane devAlaye hatAM paNa te javAlA sukhIthI naSTa thayAM temAM eka gepurane avazeSa jovA lAyaka che. tetu zikhara cauda majalAnu che. ane gepura 4 phUTa UMcu che. Ave! bIje namUne je dAMgamAM AvelA che zaiva devAlayeAmAM caDI zaramANunI pIThikA paranI zilpa paMktimAM arjuna vivAhanA prasaMga che. ane caDI tigavagInI pIThikA pura suMdamAlAnA prasaMga che. pUrva jAvAnu sarvAMttama devAlaya caMDI panatarana che. tenA pahelA majalAnI divAla para pAMkhavALA nAga ane siMhanA zilpA che. thaDI selakelIra e majApahita yuganu eka uttama sthAnaka che. sumAtrAnA velakha`ganI dakSiNethI avaleAkitezvara, buddha maitaitrayanI kAsya pratimA maLI che. sumAtrAmAM prAcIna devAlaceAnA avazeSAmAM bihAra bahAlanA e devAlaya mahatvanA che ekamAM vajrasatvanI pASANa pratimA pAlazailInI che. bIjAmAM herukanI pratimA bhAratIya zailInI che. bauddha pratimAemAM manuzrInI pASANu mUrti zuddha bhAratIya zailI ii che. dhAtu pratimAeAmAM UbhA muddanI kAMsya pratimAM sauthI vadhu darzanIya che. emanA zira para urNAnI jagyAe UMdhuM uSNIya che. dehu para para gaDIvALuM cIvara upavIta DhaLanu che. jamaNA hAtha vita mudrAmAM che. DAbAmAM bhikSA pAtra che. mUrtimAM divya zakhatA ane anugrahanA bhAva vyakta thAya che. prAcIna sthApatya ane zilpanA ghaNA avazeSa bAlInA nAnakaDA TApumAM che. mATInI geALa TTikAomAM kotarelA yuddho ane bodhisatvanAM zilpa zuddha bhAratIya zailInAM che. lalitAsAnamAM beThelA caturbhuja mahAdevanI mUrtimAM madhya jAvAnIjha zailInI asara che. khAlInIjha Adima kALanAM sthApatyanAM e khAsa avazeSa go--gaja ane gunuga kAvInI guphA che. geAA gaja hAthI guphAmAM 11 gokhalAmAM judI judI mUrti A che. temAM kaLazadhArI strInu zilpa ucca ke Tina' che gutu`ga kAvInI guphAmAM rAjakuLanA 9 mANusA ane eka adhikArInAM dasa samAdhi sthAne che. guphAo para nA lekhA bhAratanI kuTila lipi jevI geALamaToLa maroDanI DirI lipimAM che. pura sukavanamAM ekamAM eka daMpatInI UbhI pratimAe ane bIjA zilpamAM patInI beThelI prati pUrva jAvAnAM devAlayeAmAM vAsukInI racanA madhya jAvAnA maMdiranI zailInI che. zunuMga gaziranuM iTerI maMdira ane suvarNananuM iMTerI madira zailInI dRSTie sarakhAM che. A maMdiromAM bhaTAragurunI pratimA hoya che. devasthAneAnI jagyA rAjAnA samAdhisthAnA caNavAnI prathA zarU thatAM devanI prati mAmAM svargIstha rAjAnI mukhAkRti heya che. A navI tarehanAmAe che. uparAMta sAta bALako sAthenI hArItinI pratimA

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha 751 auralaMga samayanI che. mahiSAsura mardinI durgAnI aSTabhuja bAda A pUjA utsava zarU thayele temAM cAra kuTuMbanA mUrti uttama kaTInI . jehapulanI guphAmAM 80 phUTa jeTalI vaDAo hatA ane 20 pAlakhIomAM devadevIo hatAM. 15lAMbI balInI uttama zilpakalAnI paMkita che. 000 karatAM vadhu bhAviko prathama divase darzane AvelA 10 divasa sudhI A samaye pRthvI para rahe che. temane cAre 1960mAM InDoneziyAnA mAhitI khAtA e pragaTa bAjuethI pADA, Dukakara, maraghAM, batakAM ane vAMdarAnA balidAna karelI pustikA Karva ('t dja Pan!ja wali krama devAya che. A mahotsava bAlInA leDake mATe khUba mahatvane bAlImAM dasa varSe eka ujavAtA "kArya pUjA paMca bali kama' che kAraNa je te na ujavAya che ke upara duHkha ane aphanI dhArmika vidhi varNave che. A vidhi pUra be sAkibunA tane varasAda AvI paDe mabAMtana-naivedya ane mabakti - hindudharmanA kendramAM thAya che. A vidhi " rAjapurANa' nA bhakti pAA utsava ujaNInA mukhyatA che. dharme guru Adeza mujaba che. AmAM be sakiDanA devAlayanA devadevIone AvelAM leka para phalavALA vADakAmAMthI pANI chAMTe che. pUjAvara ghaDe kADhI temane kahyuMgakaMga, kaloka, te bela ane pAchA bAda dharmaguru teya-pavitra pANInA darekane traNa Acamana be sAhimAM lAvavAmAM Ave che. A 50 mAIlanI yAtrAmAM karAve che. A dhArmika utsava mATe bAlInA leke kharca karacAra divasa lAge che. pUra besAhika AguMga parvata para vAmAM pAchuM jotAM nathI. Ama IDeneziyAmAM bhAratIya saMskRti 3.333 phaTanI UMcAI para Avela maMdira samUha che. tenA aneka rIte vikaselI che. paraMtu bhAratane hAlanA InDoneziyAnI sthApanA vIra dalema kesarIe karelI. 1917mAM dharatI kI sAthenA saMbaMdha sArA nathI, te sArA banAvavA bhAratIya A devAlanA samUhano nAza karyo paNa lekae 1918 mAM maLe te gya che. teno punaroddhAra karyo. 11mI eprIle 1960mAM ghaNA varSo aMTe che. pUjA vitra pANInA dareka karAve che. A pa 200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000008 With Best Compliments From Tcle : 337081 338320 Tele : 31621 39732 . . : Office With Best Compliments From 442 43 : Millu 358442: Resis 20000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e 9 ra0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000R 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 DIPCHAND & Co. 413G Kalbadevi Road, Vasant Wadi, BOMBAY-2 Exporters Importers & Commission Agents A. Bipinchandra & Co 210 Giriraj, Sant Tukaram Road BOMBAY-9. IRON & STEEL MERCHANT Associates : Nitin Silk Mills, Prop; Rajdeep Industries, Bombay-13 4000000000000000000000000000000000000 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jain Education Intemational

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752 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 I dhoLakA sahakArI gRha vastu bhaMDAra lI. huM kheDuta chAta sutara vApare ? mu. dhoLa utpAdake (dhoLakA tAluke) ( amadAvAda jillo) 2 dhI visanagara ke.opareTIva spInIMga sthApanA tA. 29 11-1943 ne dhaNuM naMbara sI. 50 6 epha 1943 zera bhaMDoLa rU. 1,00,00 sabhya saMkhyA 74 0 anAmata bhALa rU.42,468 sabhAsada thApaNe rU. 21,150 * 84 anya phaMDa rU. 88,658 bIna sabhAsada thopaze rU. 36554-44 sahakArI kSetre eka vadhu sAhasa vadhu sevA vadhu saMtoSa sutara AMTI tathA kenanA rUpamAM grAhakone saMtoSa, amArI saphaLatA che. 14 esa thI 38 esa sudhInA kAunTamAM maLI zake che. bharosApAtra cIja vastuo ane sevAo meLavavAnuM sthaLa che hAthazALa tathA pAvaralumsa mATe uttama sutara meLavavA chelalA trIsa varSathI eka dhArI sahakArI kSetre sevA ApatI saMstha sAIjha bIma paNa taiyAra maLe che. jasavaMtarAya TI. vyAsa mukuMdalAla ena zeTha anopacaM: eca. vAra chellA cAra varSamAM sutaranI guNavattA sArI hovAnA pramukha sAdha raNa sabhA pramukha kAryavAhaka kamiTI mAnada maMtrI kAraNe mIse rUpiyA ekaso pacAsa lAkhanuM sutara barmA, zrI kAlIdAsa jeThAlAla gAMdhI zrI naTavaralAla narotamadAsa gAMdhI 8 silena, IjIpta, baMgalA deza, vigere dezomAM nikAza , bhAnuprasa da zaMkarala la joSI , dhIrajalAla harIlAla zAha karela che. , naTavaralAla jeThAlAla zAha , dhanajIbhAI harI kara trIvedI sAMkaLacaMda kALIdAsa paTela ramaNIkalAla maNI Ara. prabhudAsa za karalAla zAha IzvaralAla na. maMdI menejIMga DIrekaTara menejara maMtrI ma 0000000000000000000000000000 3 T SIT nA NAM nI saddha 2 tA ane salAmatI mATe banAsakAMThA ji9lA madhyastha sahakArI benkamAM A 5 nAM nANAM re ko ane tAra : "khAMDa udyoga" TelIphona naM. : 17 jaya sahakAra - jaya sahakAra zrI bIlezvara khAMDa udyoga kheDuta che sahakArI maMDaLI lI., keDInAra, (saurASTra) (gujarAta rAjya) (jIlle amarelI) sthApanA : tA. 8-8-1956 anveSaNa varga : "a" dANAdAra sapheda khAMDa temaja rekaTIphAIDa ane methelITeDa spIrITanuM uta-dina : sattAvAra rUA. 1,32,00,000 00 1 jAhera karela zera bhaMDoLa 1,32,00,000-00 2 bharapAI thaela zera bhaMDoLa 1,21,15,860 00 3 vasula Avela zera bhaMDoLa 1,21,15,860-00 1 utpAdaka sabhAsadA 1,01,15,860 00 2. nAmadAra sarakArazrI 20,00,000 00 4. sabhAsada zera bacata thApaNa 24,63,730 - 00 5. sabhAsada kAyamI thApaNa 18,68,896-00 6. vikAsa lena 26,60, 9-00 G/ menejIMga DAyarekaTara 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 A ka Saka vyA ja me La va vA nI sAthe sAthe ba nA sa kAMThA nA vikAsa mAM gauravabhera bhAgIdAra bane, vyAjanA dara : cAlu khAtA thA Tako vacata khAtA 4 TakA bAMdhI mudata thApaNe 6 thI 7 TakA TrasTa ane sagIra bacata upara khAsa dare. vizeSa mAhitI mATe beMkanI koIpaNa zAkhAne saMparka sAdhe athavA lakhe : IzvarabhAI ema. zAha pI. ema. parIkha | menejara banAsakAMThA jillA madhyastha sahakArI benka li. pAlanapura ma mamamamama Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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makAo-eziyAmAnuM porTugIjha cInI saMsthAna -kRSNavadana jeTalI. 1971mAM pAMca lAkha trIsa hajAra pravAsIo makAnI ne AdhAre che. makAonA devanA pavitra nAmanuM makAe zahera mulAkAte AvyA hatA. temAMnA ghaNA kharA jApAnIo hatA. - vepAra ane udyoga uparAMta pravAsIonI Avaka paNa sArI cInamAMthI 1970mAM 20 lAkha pravAsIo ArAma ke AnaMda rIte AdhAra rAkhe che. taipa ane kelevAnamAM paNa pravAsIo mATe AvyA hatA, makAo deza kayAM A ! te keTale mATe sArI hoTalenI sagavaDa karavAmAM AvI che. ane makAo meTo che ! tenuM ATaluM badhuM AkarSaNa zAthI che ! A prazno taipAne pUla pUrepUro baMdhAI rahetAM pravAsI vikAsa ejanA nA javAba kharekhara Azcarya pamADe tevA che. makAo I. sa. pUrepUrI khIlaze. makAomAM cIna ane jApAna uparAMta ame1557mAM pigane cIne ApelI bheTa che. porTugalanA rikA, osTreliyA, maleziyA, thAIlenDa, InDoneziyA, sIMgAlakoe 16 ane 17mI sadImAM aneka khaMDamAM aneka pura, phrAMsa ane svIjharlenDanA loko paNa pravAse Ave che. saMsthAo sthApyAM hatAM. bhAratamAM paNa dIva, damaNa ane hoMgakoMga ane makAo vacce hoDIo ane nAnAM jahAje ke gevA porTugalanA sAmrAjyanA avazeSa rUpa cheka bhAratanI sTIma lacone satata vahevAra cheH 1970mAM hoMgakege ekalA AjhAdI sudhI hatAM. pachI bhArate temane tyAMnA leke dvArA e makAnI 6150 Tana mAchalInI AyAta karI hatI. AjhAda banAvyA parantu makAe te cInanI piTagIjha leToe cAnA inAma pe eTale prApta karela makAo cInanA krAMtikArI mahAna netA Do. sunayAta haze. kadAca AkhA eziyAmAM raheluM ra ka ja paTa. senanuM vatana hatuM. 1892 mAM hoMgakoMgamAM dAktarI upAdhi gala saMsthAna che. pala nadInA mukha AgaLa cInanA pazcima meLavIne makAomAM De. sunayAta sena prekaTisa karatA hatA. kinAre makAonuM A saMsthAna AveluM che ane te "ati. hAsika makAo" gaNAya che. te eka makAe dvipaka95 I. sa. 1511mAM porTugIjha leke malAkkA pahoMcyA ane taipa ane kailevAna TApuone banele pradeza che. ane i. sa. 1513mAM teo parlanadInA mukha pAse AvI A badhA pradezane kula vistAra kevaLa che. corasa mAIla athavA pahoMcyA. cIna pazcimanA dezo sAthe vepArane uttejana ApatuM 17 corasa ki. miTara che ! porTugalanuM e sauthI nAnuM 3 thI nahi paNa piTugIjha lekoe cAMcIne dabAvI cInane temanA saMsthAna che. ahIM vasatinI gIcatA corasa ki miTara dITha bhayamAMthI mukta karyuM ane cIne porTugIjha lokone makAomAM 11000nI che. eTale tenI kula vasati phakta eka lAkha ane vasavAnI paravAnagI ApI. makAnI A navI vasAhatane nevuM hajAra jeTalI che. AvA eka nAnA zahera jevA makAomAM nAma hatuM. "devanA nAmanuM zahera ! A nAma " a-mA-- 333 khaMDavALI AlizAna lie hoTala che. hoMgakoMgathI che : thI gA " parathI utarI AvyuM hatuM. a-mA-gAo eTale 40 mAIla pUrvamAM makAo AveluM che. temAM ATha hajAra a-mA devInuM baMdara. A devIne eka prAcIna maMdira samauparAMta beDA porTugIjha loko sivAya bIjI cInAo vase che. pita thayeluM hatuM. parTugIjha loko AraMbhamAM te vArSika tyAMnA makAnijha tarIke oLakhAtA pArTugIjhamAM cInI raktane bhADuM ApI ahIM vasyA hatA. paraMtu 1887nI porTugala aMza che. taipA TApuno vistAra 1,4 mAila ane kolovAna sAthenI maitrI ane vepa ranI saMdhithI te porTugalanA saMsthAna 2,5 corasa mAila che. tarIke pagale khAlasA karyuM. bIjA vizvayuddha vakhate paNa makAe jApAnIonA hAthamAM na paDayuM. te vakhate A zaheramAM me thI sapTembara sudhImAM tyAM 80 IMca uparAMta varasAda eTalA hijaratIo ane nirAzrita hatA ke tenI vasati pAMca paDe che. ziyALo ThaMDo hoya che ane pAnakhara Rtu sukI ane lAkha jeTalI thaI hatI. sUrya prakAzita temaja haMphALI hoya che. A pradezanI sauthI vadhu vasati eka lAkha ane 65 hajAra uparAMta makAe zahe- makamAMthI jApAnane cAMdInA badalAmAM rezama maLatuM ramAM ja vase che. makAomAM pigI ane cAInIjha bhASA- hatuM. paraMtu jApAne telugAvA zagunetanI ekalatAnI nIti enuM calaNa che. konphaziyana ane bauddha dharmanI dRSTie 1639mAM apanAvI ane makAone jApAna sAthe vepAra bahumatimAM che ane 20,000 uparAMta khristIo che ane paDI bhAMgyo. game tema teye paradezIone vasavA mATe cInamAM 30,000 jeTalA keI nizcita dharma vihoNA leke che. haju A zahera ja anukULa jagyA hatI. eTale 18mI sadImAM paNa pogala rAjya makA-tapa ane kolevAna para sattA pazcime ane amerikAe cIna sAthe vepAra vadhAryo tyAre ane kAbu dharAve che ane te mArca 26mI 1887nI saMdhi makAe paradezI meTA vepArIonuM mukhya mathaka thaI paDayuM. Jain Education Intemational

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pramANamAM vAya nyAyataMtra jhAmbImAM vAtAvaraNa pravAsIo mATe oLakhAtuM tyAM sI pAse 054 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 61 mAM hoMgakoMga baMdaranA vikAsa pahelAM makAo cIna vimAnI sarvisa paNa cAle che. makAomAM be reDiye sTezane sAthenA paradezI vepAranuM jANItuM baMdara hatuM. che ane te cAInIjha ane porTugIjha bhASAmAM kAryakrama prasA rita kare che. 1962mAM 2600 Teliphona joDANa hatA ane ( pigalanA vibhAga tarIke porTugalanA pATanagara lisTa papa00 reDiye lAyasansa dharAvanArA hatA. have A saMkhyA namanI rASTrIya dhArAsabhAmAM makAone eka DepyuTI pratinidhi bamaNI thaI haze. 20,000 uparAMta leke mAchImArane baMdha cUMTAIne jAya che. vahIvaTI ane Arthika dRSTie makAo sAro pramANamAM svAyatta che. vahIvaTa mATe limbanathI nimAyelA rAjya makAone atIta - itihAsa ane tenuM yuropIyana mAke samAM Avela nyAyataMtrane tAle che. nagara pAlikA vahI- vAtAvaraNa pravAsIo mATe sAruM AkarSaNa jamAve che. mULa * vaTane Leal senado eTale Loyal sonal- vaphAdAra maMDa. "prabhunI mAtAnA devaLa" tarIke oLakhAtuM tyAM saMta polanuM LanuM biruda 1600thI maLyuM che. A biruda jyAre piTugala bhavya devaLa che. A imArata 16mI sadIne aMte jApAnI 60 varSa sudhI speniza zAsana pachI pharI rAjyasattA prApta khristIoe baMdhAvI hatI ane te junI jesuITa kelejano karI zakayuM tyAre ApavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. makAo A samaya bhAga hatI. tyAM porTugalanA mahAkavi kemeI-sanA nAmano daramyAna porTugIjha hIte ne vaphAdArIthI sAcavI rahyuM hatuM. bagIcA che. jyAM kadAca daMtakathA pramANe kavie tenA nagarapAlikA 'liyala senaDe'mAM sAta sabhya che; cAra cUMTA- mahAkAvya "lusiyaDane keTaleka bhAga lakhyo hato. lusiyaDa' yelA ane traNa gavarnare rAjyapAle-nImelA. mahAkAvyane A mahAkavi bhAratamAM AvI gayA hatA ane tenA A mahAkAvyamAM porTugIjhoe bhArata para meLavelA zikSaNanuM peraNu makAomAM UMcuM che. lagabhaga 60,000 vijayanI ane e jamAnAnA bhAratavAsIonI raheNI karaNInI jeTalA vidyArthIo vividha zikSaNa prApta kare che. lagabhaga sarasa hakIkata che. dayAnI devI kunayAmanuM maMdira atyaMta savAso jeTalI prAthamika zALAo che ane trIseka jeTalI suMdara che. A devaLamAM julAInI trIjI tArIkhe 1844 mAM mAdhyamika zALAo kethalika mizana dvArA saMcAlita che. yunAITeDa sTeTasa - amerikA ane cIna vacce prathama saMdhi 1961mAM tyAM sAta okaTara ane IpItA sAthe thaI hatI. sAta davAvALAo hatA bIjA paNa dhamodA davAkhAnA ane saMta rAphaelanI IspItAla I. sa. 1569mAM rathapAI khAnagI DokaTare hatA, tyAM ja dainika akhabArI pragaTa thAya che. hatI. 1964mAM guIA TekarI para cInanA kinAre prathama dIvAka, peLI bhASAmAM ane pAMca thI che bhASAmAM ane tene dAMDI bAMdhavAmAM AvI hatI. makAe jakAta yukta baMdara ane kelA 1962mAM 9000 jeTalA hatA. dasa sinemAmAM vepAra kendra che. vArSika ardhA karoDa jeTalI prekSakenI hAjarI hoya che. be nATaka zALAomAM eka piTugIjha che ane bIjI cInI. paraMtu A badhAM karatAM pravAsIo mATe sauthI moTuM AkarSaNa makAonA meTA jugAra khAnA che. AmAM sauthI calanI nANuM 'patAkA pAMca piorTugIjha eskuDo barA meTAM dha si pelesa ane esTorila hoTalamAM che. bIjA aneka bara che athavA 22 amerikana seMTa barAbara che. makAonI nAnA jugAranA aDDA tyAM cAle che. eka hAthavALAM lUTArA vArSika Avaka ane vArSika kharca lagabhaga pAMsaTha lAkha Dolara gaNAtA sleTa yaMtra sArA pramANamAM makAmAM che. jugAra jeTaluM che. nAnI rakAbIo pheMkIne ramAya che. jugAramAM nAnI rakamano dAva paraMparAthI makAonA loke phaTAkaDA ane dArUkhAnuM rUpiyA be rUpiyA jeTaluM hoya che. paNa keTalAka Tebala para banAvanArA che ane amerikA tenuM bajAra che. hamaNAM ghaNAM lagabhaga 100 rUpiyAno dAva ja cAle che. jugAra sAthe zarAba navA udyoga vikAsa pAmyA che. temAM kApaDa, divAsaLI, plA- ane bIjA joga vilAsanI sagavaDa hoya te svAbhAvika che. sTIka sIgAreTa; kapuranI peTIo vagere che. tyAM khetIne pAka cha corasa mAIlane vistAra dharAvatAM kula makAo pradezamAM sAva najIve che ane khorAka AyAta thAya che. chatAM makAe pravAsIonuM A mahatvanuM AkarSaNa che. porTugIjha sAmrAjyanA 10 lAkha DolaranI mAchalIo hoMgakoMgane mATe nikAsa kare A eziyAI avazeSanuM bhAvi sAmyavAdI cIna samakSa kayAre che. tyAMnA cInAo nikAsanA 80 TakA phaTAkaDA ane dArUkhAnu ane kevuM haze te kahevuM muzkela che. paNa eka nAnA zahera banAve che. taipA ane kelevAna TApunA gAmaDAM rastAothI samuM A saMsthAna hAla te hajAro pravAsIonA manoraMjananuM joDAyelA che. hoMgakaeNga ane makAo vacce gaganI eka ane vepAranuM sthaLa banyuM che. Jain Education Intemational

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bhAratathI rakSita sikakIma rAjaya zrI kRSNavadana jeTalI sikkImanA ce yAla (mahArAjA) pAladena te nAma- hakumata heThaLanI bAbata para lAvAyelA. pheravavAnI ke rada karavAnI gyAla Disembara 1963mAM rAjagAdIe AvyA. temaNe bhAratamAM sattA gyAlanI che. rASTrIya samitimAM Aje 24 sabhyo che. zikSaNa lIdhuM che. teo bhAratIya lazkamAM mAnada mejara janaralane temAM cha gyAlanA nimelA ane bAkI 18 cuMTAya che. paraMtu hoddo dharAve che. teo aMgrejI tibeTI ane hindI bhASAnuM samiti pAse khAsa adhikAra na hovAthI sikkIma rASTrIya sAruM jJAna dharAve che. temanuM bIjuM lagna mArca 1963mAM kege sane AghAta lAge ane teNe kAjhI lonDrupanA netRtva nyuyorkanI suMdara amerikana yuvatI hopakUka sAthe thayuM che. nIce prajAnA adhikAra mATe prayAso thayA paNa temAM joIe sArAha lerensa kelejamAM abhyAsa karI AvelI A yuvatI teTalI saphaLatA na maLatAM bhArata sarakArane vacce paDavA Amaane pAdena te--pa nAmagyAlanuM milana dArjilIMgamAM thayuM traNa maLyuM. ane dilhI myunisipala korporezananA kamizanara hatuM. A paradezI yuvatI ane rAjavaMzI sAthenA lagnanI zrI bI. esa. dAse 10 mI eprIla 1973nA roja bhAramaMjUrI sikkIma rAjyanA vaDAoe be varSa agAu ApI tIya vahIvaTadAra tarIke bhAratanA rAjakIya amaladAra ke. ema. hatI paNa bhArata ane sikkImanI sarakAra vacce vATAghATo bAjapAIe 8mI eprIlo lIdhelI cAkhyAlane vahIvaTa saMbhALI cAlyA bAda cha mahine tenI jAherAta I. comAlanI rANIne lI che. cAlama kahevAmAM Ave che. hepa kUka nAmagyAla mahArANI sikkImanI kula vasati 1,80,000nI che. temAM lapacA, (gyAla) e 1964mAM rAjakumAra pAladenane janma Ape. bhUTiyA ane nepAlInuM mizra che. sikIma mULa vatanI lepapaNa A 98nA agAunA lagnathI thaye jAnA be putrone cAonI vasati kevaLa 25 TakA che ane 75 TakA bIjAmAM ga.DhA para vadhu hakaka che. mukhyatve sikkImamAM AvI vaselA nelI loke che. tibeTathI sikkIma bhAratanI uttare himAlayanI godamAM nepAlanI bhUTiyA loko paNa AvIne sikkImamAM vasyA che. nepALI loko pUrvamAM ane bhUtAnanI pazcime eTale nepAla ane bhUtAna nI hiMduo che. cuMTaNInA dhoraNe rASTrIya samitimAM 18 beThakamAM vacce sUmithI gherAyele 7300 corasa ki. miTarano vistAra 7 cheThake lapacA ane bhUTiyA mATe anAmata che. bIjI 7 dharAvate nAnakaDo deza che. tenI uttare tibeTa ane dakSiNe beDako nepAla.o mATe ane thAkInI 3 beThaka pachAta jAtibhArata Avelo che. AThamI eprIla 1973ne dine sikakImane a sUcita jAti, baudhdha bhikhuo ane nepALanA AdivAsI haMgAmI vahIvaTa bhArata sarakAre lIdhe che. te agAu sikkImamAM jhaMgaloko mATe che. emAM eka beThaka badhA sikkImIonA matasthAnika rAjakIya pakSoe 10 divasa sudhI sarakArI sattAnI dAna para eka matadAra eka mata para cUMTaNI nI che. A badhA punaH vaheMcaNI mATe AMdolana calAvyuM hatuM. I. sa. 1642thI sikakImIonI beThaka jItavA mATe umedavAre pitAnI kamanI sikkImamAM AMtarika svAyattasattA te rAjagAdI dharAvanAra nAma bahumati uparAMta bIjI jAtionA paNa 15 TakA mata meLavavA khyAla kuTuMba dharAvatuM hatuM. DisembaranI pAMcamI 1950 ne paDe che. dareka jAti mATe matapatra judA judA raMganuM hoya che. dine thayela siMdhi anusAra briTiza sarakAranI sikakIma paranI 11 le pacA-mUTiA mATe vAdaLI raMganuM, nepAlIo mATe badAmI sattA bhAratane maLI sikkImanA rakSaNa paradezanA saMbaMdha ane ; . 3 raMganuM; jhoMga loke mAke gulAbI. badhA sikkImIo mATe saMdezA vahevAra para bhAratanI hakumata hatI. paraMtu gyAlanI re 1953nI jAherAtathI tyAMnA laMkAne rAjya vahIvaTa bAbatamAM sikakImanuM pATanagara gaMgaToka che. tenI vasati 10,000 kAMI paNa karavA kahevA para khUba aMkuza mUko ane temane nI che. tistA nadI sikakImamAM vahe che. lokone mukhya dhaMdhe rAjyaparano kAbu atyaMta maryAdita banya. nANAkIya bAbate khetI ane Dhora uchera che. sikakImamAM makAI, bAjaro, phaLe, khAsa viSaya, gRha ane zAhI mahelanI bAbate bhArata sAthenA baTAkA ane ghauMne mukhya pAka che. bAjarImAMthI chaMga nAmanuM saMbaMdha para kevaLa rAjAne kAbu rahyo. zikSaNa jAhera karyo, madirA jevuM pINuM banAvavAmAM Ave che. sikkInanI phaLa jALa jaMgalakhAtu vAhana vahevAra ane jakAta khAtu phakta rASTrAya vaNI phekaTarI ane madya banAvanArI sikkIma DisTIlarIo dvArA kAunsIlanA kAbu taLe hatA. A rASTrIya samiti aMdAja sikakIma sAruM paradezI huMDiyAmaNa kamAya che. sikakImamAM patraka para carcA karI zakatI paNa temAM pheraphAra karavAne hakka bhAratIya rUpiye calaNI nANuM che. tAMbu ane kolaso paNa rASTrIya samitine na hate. vaLI kAunsIla rASTrIya samitinI sikakIma pedA kare che ane kapaDAM, DAM ane vAsaNe banAve che mata hatI dAva mane na che. tista ucharane pAka che. sijhINIe ja batI e Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only www.jan

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756 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya arimatA bhAga 2 na thAya che. prANa turIma , sikkImamAM jyAre I. sa. 1942mAM prathama cAkhyAlanuM che. dArjIlIMgathI paNa sikakImamAM pravezAya che. gaMgatekathI 80 rAjya hatuM tyAre te dezanA vistAra hAla karatAM paNa meTa mAIla dUra bhAratanA bAgadazAthI vimAnI sevA paNa maLe che. hate. 18mI sadImAM tamane ghaNe pradeza nepAla ane bhUtA- sikakImamAM reDiyo sTezana nathI. pATanagara gaMgaTokamAM eka nane kabaje gaye. 19mI sadInI pUrvArdhamAM briTiza isTa inDiyA sinemA che. ane tene mukhyatve lAbha bhAratIya lazkaranA kaMpanI dvArA sikakIma bhAratamAM khAlasA thayuM - joDAyuM 19mI javAne le che. bhAratanA lazkaramAM 5000 uparAMta sikakImIo che. sadInA navamA dAyakAmAM cuMbI khINane pradeza bhAratanA briTiza sattAvALAoe tibeTa . cInanI sattAne seM. A prazna aMge sikkImamAM 4000 jAtanA phUla choDa thAya che, temAM 600 mekiDanI jAtane samAveza thAya che. eka, cesTanaTa, sikakIma haja virodha darzAve che. rahoDe DenDrona, paheLA pAnanAM evara grIna vRkSe ane zaMku sikakImane pradeza parvatIya che ane te sAMkaDA ghATo. vRkSe UMcI sapATI para thAya che. prANIomAM barapha citte, ketara ane khINAvALe che. sarvocca zikhara kAMcanaja ghA 28- rIMcha, paMDA siveTa, ekra, khIsakelI, kasturI mRga; haraNa; jI hA dharAvatA dariyAta vIja no uco sAbara, jaMgalI Dukkara, tetara, bataka, himAlayanA ghuvaDa, lAkho parvata che. 20,000 phITathI vadhu UMcAIvALA Dajhaneka zikharo pataMgiyA vagere thAya che. sikakImamAM AvelAM che. dariyAnI sapATIthI 12000 phITanI sikkImamAM tibeTathI Avelo mahAyAna bauddhadharma I. UMcAIe AvelAM saravare che ane eTalI UMcAIe jaMgalo sa. 16oothI paLAya che ane te rAjyama che. 28 TakA loke paNa che, 13000 phITanI UMcAI para baTAkAnI khetI thAya che. A dharma pALe che. mahAyAna bauddha dharmanI zAkhA hinayAna A nAnA dezamAM pRthvI paranI badhI jAtanI AbehuvA (ravAda thI judI paDe che. A saMpradAya nirvANa -mekSa mATe zaMbhu meLe che. 15000 phITa upara dhruva pradezanI AbehavA sAmUhika prayAsa para bhAra Ape che. tenI vidhi ane AcAra lAge che. 7000 thI 15000 phITa vacce yuropanA Asa sAmAnya mANasane sahelAIthI samajAtA nathI. mahAyAna dharmanuM parvatanI AbehavA hoya che. 7000 phITanI nIce AvelA medAna tatvaciMtana isunI prathama sadImAM nAgArjunathI AraMbha thAya ane khINamAM uSNu ane samatizeteNuM AbehavA hoya che che. tenA vicAraNA adhuinika tarkavAdanI apekSA dharAvatI hatI. ane hajAra phITe 100 aMza pheranahITa ke tethI vadhu utA- sakAothA tanuM tatvajJAne baddhamaThImAM abhyAsano viSaya banyA mAna hoya che keTalIka jagyAe 100 iMca jeTalo varasAda paDe che. mahAyAna bauddha saMpradAya rAjyAzrita dharma che. chatAM bIjA dharmo che. vasatine moTo bhAga AMtarika himAlayanI khINamAM vaselo pratye sikakIma sahiSNutA pUrNa udAramata dharAve che. sikkImanA che. ane dara corasa mAIla 60 jeTalI vasati dhanatA che. 60 TakA nepAlIonA vaMzajo hiMduo che. khristIo ane AtmavAdIo paNa sikakImamAM vase che. bauddhadharma pALanArA vasatinI nepAlI vaMzanI geMga jAtino 2/3 jeTalA loke bhUTiyA ane legrA jAtinA che. ghaNA hiMduo paNa buddhanI moTA bhAga nepAlI bhASA bole che. uttaranA loke bhUTiA ane pUjA kare che ane bedhisAmAM mAne che. lecA bhASA bela che. sarakArI amalanI bhASA aMgrejI che paNa te theDA loko jANe che. 1962mAM tyAM 9 TakA zikSaNa sikakImamAM vArasAgata rAjAzAhI che. hAlanA cagyalanA hatuM. 1962mAM cAra hAIskUlo, pAMca juniyara hAIskUlo pitA tAzInAmagyAle (1914- 1963) zikSaNa, nokarI ane 12 miDala skUlo ane zikSaka tAlIma kendramAM kule 10,000 kalyANakAryo jevA dAkhala karIne lokone sarakAranA kAmamAM rasa vidyArthIo abhyAsa karatA hatA. zikSaNa mATe thoDI phI levAya letA karyA hatA. bhUmi aMgenA sudhArA ane maphata sAmAjika che. chatAM phI na ApI zake tene mATe maphata zikSaNa che. sevAone lIdhe sikakIma keTaleka aMze kalyANarAjya banyuM che. sikkImamAM koI akhabAra nathI. dezamAMnA 36 baudhdha kendro temAM thoDAka ja zahere che. cAra kendro samAM che. gaMgatekamAM nAmagyAla insTITayuTa sikakImanA gAlIcA ane kASTa kataraNInuM kAma kiMmatI epha tibeTalojI Ucca dhArmika abhyAsanuM kendra che. tyAM che ane bajAramAM tene sAro bhAva upaje che. kuTira udyoga pustakAlaya, saMgrahasthAna, ane aMgrejI, saMskRta tathA tibeTa mATenI saMsthA AvA hasta udyoga ane kArIgarIne mATe bhASAmAM pustaka prakAzana kAryakrama che 2000 jeTalA sAdhuo tAlIma Ape che. sikakImamAM che. vAhana vahevAramAM thAka, khaccara, TaTuonI jagyA moTara sikakImamAM vaidakIya sAravAra maphata che. 1962mAM cAra Trake levA mAMDI che. sikakImanuM jIvana dhoraNa paDozI dezonA IspItAlo ane 16 davAkhAnA eka prasutigRha, eka vakSakendra jIvana dhAraNa karatAM UMcu che. tyAM mAthAdITha Avaka 10 varSa be kSaya sAravAra kendro hatA. bhAratanA salIgurIthI relave mArga para 189 DolaranI eTale te vakhatanA 900 rUpiyAnI upache. te pATanagara gaMgatekathI dakSiNa bhAratamAM 72 mAIla dUra rAta hatI. sikakImamAM atyaMta dhanavAna loko temaja atyaMta Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha 757 daridra loko nathI. thoDAMka bhikhArIo che te tibeTa ane bhAra. varSa maThanA lAmA tarIke kAma karyuM paNa te pachI temanuM lAmA tamAMthI AvelA che. pada hAlanA cagyAle laI lIdhuM. kAjhI henDape tenA bhAI sAthe sikakImanA jIvanamAM lokonA gIte ane utsavo jIva. pachI kAma karI temanA kuTuMbanA mitra svargastha De. zyAmA namAM raMga ane sUra bheLave che. ane jIvanane madhuruM ane prasAda, mukharajInI salAhathI dArjIliMgamAM yuvAna mANasanuM jIvaMta banAve che. 1961mAM raMganI haIDela projekaTa pUro bauddha maMDaLa" rasthApyuM. be bhAIoe pazcima sikakImamAM aneka thatAM sikakImamAM vijaLIne vikAsa thayo che ane A proje. zALAonI sthApanAnI preraNA paNa Do. mukharajI pAsethI meLavI. kaTe 1963mAM 2100 kilovoTa vijaLI zakti pedA karI hatI. 1945mAM kAjhI lahepa-kAjhI sAhebe "prajAmaMDaLa" bIjA cAra vadhu vijaLI mathake paNa baMdhAyA che. pa00 mAIla sthApyuM ane cA, bhUTiyA ane nepAlIonuM saMgaThana karI uparAMta maTara mAga sikakImamAM che ane 150 mAIlanA 1953mAM sikakIma rAjya mahAsabhA (keMgresa) sthApI ane gAmaThI rastA che. bhAratIya sarahada paranA raMgothI gaMgatAka 1958 sudhI tenuM pramukhapada saMbhALyuM. 1960nA me mAsamAM sudhI sAre dhorI mArga che. 325 mAIlane raste badhI badhA rAjakIya pakSone bhegA karI temaNe sikakIma rASTrIya mahAhatuomAM nAtulA ghATa dvArA uttaranA dezo sAthe vahevAra sabhA sthApI ane sikakImanI mAnakIrtidA "sAmAnya beThaka" saraLa karaze. haju ghaNe mAla sAmAna khaccarenI vaNajAra dvArA nI cUMTaNImAM vijaya meLavyuM. vijaya samama sikakIma matadAra Avana jAvana kare che. vagara dvArA maLe che ane teno Teke batAve che. kAjhI-sAhebA sikakImanI prajAnA netA - sikakImanI rASTrIya mahA- ilijhA-ameriyA ane kAjhI sAhebe eka putrane dattaka lIdhe che. sabhAnA sthApaka ane pramukha kAjhI hendrapa darajI-- khaMga sApa tenuM nAma che nara bahAdura kAThiyAvADa, kAjhI sAheba sikakIsikakImanA AdIvAsI lepyA che. aMgasAi khAnadAna purANa mAM kemIvAdI jAtivAdI dhoraNe cAlatI cUMTaNIonI prathA dhanika kuTuMba che. mAjI svargastha mahArAjA sidakesaMga nAma- rada karAvavA Icche che. teo nepAlIone mATe nyAya mAge che. gyAle kAjhI hendupane nAnA bALaka tarIke temanI bence kAjhI hendupanA pakSa ane gyAlanA saMgharSane pariNAme bhArate tibeTI zALAmAMthI lAvIne zikSaNa ApI evI rIte uche ke baMnenA sahakAra ane mAMgaNIthI sikakImane rAjakIya vahIvaTa te rastekane mukhya lAma dharma banI zake. henDapa ATha saMbhALe che. 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000% _0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001 hAdika-zubhecchA Aje hajAre jana kuTuMba pAse pUratuM ana nathI. pUratAM kapaDAM nathI. mAMdagI sAravAra ke bALakane bhaNAvavA paisA nathI. madhyama varga duHkhanI cakakImAM pIsAI rahyo che. madhyama varga samAjanI karoDa rajaju che. dhanika varga lahera mANe ne sAdhamI bhAIo bhukhe mare e sAmAjika nyAya nathI ja. sAcuM sAdharmika jIvana rojI roTI ApIne madhyama vargane pagabhara karavAmAM che. vallabhavANI" BOMBAY TABLET MFG Co. Manufacturers of Pharmaceutical Products BHAGUBHAI & SONS ; 304, Shamaldas Gandhi Marg, 32/A, Shamalds Gandhi Marg, (Princess Street) BOMBAY-2 BR BOMBAY-2 BR. Phones : 312128-312153 Phone : 299345. Re000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Factory : TABLET HOUSE Near Garegaon Talkies, Garegaon (East) BOMBAY-63 (NB) _Phone-692137 2000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000eeee Jain Education Intemational

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ho eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 ae000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 With Best Compliments From Office-376841 Phone : Resi, -475242 Cable : PERSUADE Telex : 011-2919 veeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee-oooooooooooooooooooooowaeeeeeeeee | Deeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee9eeae4eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee B. V. P. STEEL CORPORATION EXPORTERS-IMPORTERS 2nd Lane, Darukhana, BOMBAY-10 ( India) 20000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001 Jain Education Intemational

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jIsasanI janmabhUmi bAIbala pradeza-IjharAyela zrI kRSNavadana jeTalI pravAsInA vAcakone vAcana dvArA IjharAyela deza-pradAna kare che. dara zanivAre kiMga DeviDa hoTalamAM jerusalema vize ne paricaya pravAsa karAvavA mane "pravAsI'nA taMtrIzrIe phara pravacana ane vArtAlApa sAMbhaLavAne lahAvo levA jevo che. mAyaza karI che. Araba rAjethI gherAyelA A nAnakaDA rAye IjharAIla rAjyanA Adhunika ArSadRSTA thiyeDora harjhalanI ArAArabonI lazkarI tAkAtano ahaMkAra chinnabhinna karI nAMkhyo magAha mAunTa hajhalanA zAMta bagIcAmAM Avela eka rASTrIya tyArathI jagatamAM tene vize jANavAnI I tejArI svAbhAvika maMdira che. sarakArI pravAsI mAhitI kacerI pravAsIone, IjharArIte vadhI che. pharIthI e yuddhane bhArelA agni bhabhUkI uThayo che. yela pradeza ane jerUsalema zahera vize mAhitI pUrI pADe che 1966mAM IjharAIlanA mahAna lekhaka semyuala josepha egna ane dara zanivAre 10 vAge 34, jAphA reDa parathI jerusalema nane jagavikhyAta bela pAritoSikanuM sanmAna prApta da yuM. nI AsapAsa jovAlAyaka sthaLonI be kalAkanI padayAtrA yojAya IjharAIla yahudIonuM rAjya che yadI prajA prAcIna che. paNa che. IjharAyela pAunDanI kiMmata aDhI ziliMga athavA 1/3 IjharAyela rAjya Adhunika che. gaI eprilanI 25mI 1968ne Dolara athavA aDhI rUpiyA jeTalI thAya che. tene paisA agorA dine A rAjya phakta vIsa varSanuM thayuM che. 14mI me 1948 kahevAya che. IjharAIlanI 120 sabhyanI dhArAsabhA neseTa A ke mAM tene svataMtra rAjyanuM sthAna maLyuM. IjharAyela e bAIba- zaheramAM che. tenI cUMTaNI dara cAra varSe thAya che. ijharAyelanA lano pradeza gaNAya che. kevaLa 8000 corasa mAIlane A vaDA pradhAnanuM nAma levI izkela che. "zAlema" IjharAyelI namaste pradeza eziyA khaMDanI pazcimamAM Avela che. ane te yuropa che ane tamAre dhAro ke abrAhama liMkana zerI kayAM che ema AphrikAne sAMdhatA pula samAna che. tenI uttare lebanenanuM pUchavuM hoya te tame rastAmAMnA mANasane pUcho 'ayaphe rehava rAjya che, u-pUrvamAM siriyA pUrvamAM jorDana ane dakSiNa - abrAhama liMkana ! ' tamane te rasto batAve tyAre 'zAlema ane pazcimamAM IjiptanuM rAjya che temAM aneka dezothI yahudIo "TaDAha (AbhAra) kaheje. AvIne vasyA che ane temanI mAtRbhASA hibru yuvAne gharaDAM IjharAIla dezanuM bIjuM agatyanuM ane sauthI moTuM zahera ene zIkhave che. lagabhaga 25 lAkhanI vastImAM 21,55,900 sadA bahAra-vasaMta nagara tela- avIva jAphA che. A zaheranA yahudIo che. jyAre bIjA musalamAna - Araba. khristI ane saMgraha sthAnamAM ja ijharAyelanA svataMtra rAjyanA DhaMDherA para jhijha le che. A pradezamAM 26 zahero ane nagara che. 14mI me 1948ne dine saDI thaI hatI. ene elenabI tenA pATanagara jerusalemanI vasatI lagabhaga eka lAkha eMzI reDa bharacaka vepArI - dukAnone latto che. ghoMghATa bharelI hajAra jeTalI che. kAramela mArkeTamAM rastA vacce khullI dukAne hoya che. "purIma' samaye AkhuM zahera momAkhI skevaramAM horA nRtya kare che. telacAle have ApaNe DeviDa rAjAnI prAcIna pavitra nagara avIvanuM saMskAra kendra che habImAha skevara. ahIM che habImAha jerUsalemamAM pravezIe. ahIMnI dareka zerI ane rastA sAthe thiyeTara mAna oDiToriyama, helenA benTAIna Adhunika kalA itihAsa saMkaLAyelo che ane duniyAnA traNa mahAna dharmonuM e saMgrahasthAna ane IjharAIla phihArmonika orakesTrA TekarI saMgamasthAna che. ahIM hibru yunivarsiTImAM duniyAnA aneka para Avela goLAkAra lIluM maMdira-Arejha myujhiyama athavA pradezanA yuvAno abhyAsa kare che ane tenA rASTrIya pustakA 1 1 kAca myujhiyama tarIke. jovAlAyaka sthaLa che. layanuM Adhunika zailInuM makAna pravAsInuM dhyAna AkarSe che. IjharAyela myujhiyama tathA jagavikhyAta sthapati IsAmu nAgu- yA athavA jAphAnI duniyA ja anekhI che tenI cIe yojela Adhunika zikSAlaya "bilI rojha ArTa gArDana nAraMgIonA svAda ApaNane nAgapurI saMtarAnI yAda Ape kalAkAranA yAtrAdhAma che. 152 phUTa UMce jisasa minAro che. tenA baMdarathI TAyarano rAjA hirAma selomananA maMdira zaheranuM vihaMga drazya karAve che. hajAre khistI yAtrio jhina mATe levAnonathI seDAra lAkaDuM lAvate, payagambara jenAha parvata para caDhI Isu khristanA chellA khANanA khaMDanuM darzana prabhunI bIkathI bhAgI tAraMzIza javA mATe jAphAmAM vahANa Jain Education Intemational

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(760 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 zodhavA Avyo hato. ahIM ApaNe enDomeDAne khaDaka joIe romana ane dharmayuddhonA samayane smarAvatAM khodakAma che. nathI. chIe. dariyAnA dAnavane bhega ApavA suMdarI enDomeDAne nyAmAM IjharAIlane hIrA ghasavAne udyoga che. khaDaka para bAMdhavAmAM AvI hatI. tene paMkhALA ghoDAvALA parasiyase bacA pIne mukta karI. - IjharAIlane dakSiNano 4000 corasa mAIlane nageva pradeza raNa pradeza che. nagevamAMthI ja AphrikA ane eziyAne amadAvAdanA loko khAnapura ane zAhapuranA saMgamasthAne sAMkaLate rAjamArga pasAra thato hato. nagevanA azkelonane AvelA bahAI senTarane jANe che. A bahAI dharmanuM moTuM itihAsa hajAra varSa jUne che. ane semasana sAthe saMbaMdha dharAve maMdira hai phAmAM che. bahAI dharma maMdira AMtara rASTrIya yAtrA che. selanA mRtyu pAchaLa rAjA DeviDe aDI rUdana karyu hatuM. sthaLa che. ena-hADa citrakAro ane zilpIonuM te nivAsa nahariyA zaheranI sthApanA 1934mAM jarmana yahudIo e karI sthAna che. jhuMjha gAmanI suMdara TopalIo haMphAnA bajAramAM hatI. haiphAthI aDadhA kalAkamAM ahIMnA suMdara prAkRtika sthaLe vecAya che. IjharAIlanI TekanolojI saMsthA TekanityAna dezanI pahoMcI zakAya che. bIrazebA nagevanuM pATanagara che. te bepragatinA pATha yuvAnone bhaNAve che. zikAnAnuM prAcIna nagara Ina vaNajhArAnA gAmamAMthI hAla 60,000nI vastIvALa vaijJAprAcIna kalA avazenI bhavyatA darzAve ijharAyelanA mahAna niko zikSako vepArIo vagerenuM sthAna banyuM che. ahIM'. ArikavikhyAlikanA nAmane raste nagara paMcAyatanA makAna AgaLathI dzone Research Institute tathA jIvazAstra saMsthAnuM pasAra thAya che. ane nagara paMcAyatanA A makAnamAM prAcIna saMgrahAlaya vaijJAnika rasa dharAvanArAo mATe jovA lAyaka che. ane arvAcIna kalAnA saMgrahasthAne paNa che. unALAmAM haiphAnA mRta sAgara para mIThAnA staMbhe UbhA che. Doma ane gemamAunTa kAramelanI majhA mANavA jevI hoya che. rAhanA duSTanagarane vinAza ahIM ja thayo hato. hareDa rAjAne kille masaDA dariyA kinAre Ubho rahI eka hajAra uttaramAM gelilInA dariyAnuM sauthI prAcIna baMdara yahudI strI puruSa ane bALakonI samRta AtmahatyAnI sAkSI kake ake che. veta dhummaTo ane minArAonuM nagara pUre che. bIrazebAnI dakSiNe avadana ane zisanA bhUlAyelAM bhama thanA nIlama samAM pANI para motInI mALA jevuM lAge nagaro sUtAM che. rAjA selemane staMbhe A ja pradezamAM UbhA che. aDhAramI sadImAM ahamada ala japharanI netAgIrI heThaLa che. TImAmAM hajuye selamananI khANa samI trAMbAnI khANatenA sau I. sa. 1799mAM nepoliyananA gherAne haTAvI dIdhe mAMthI trAMbu nIkaLe che. Ama aneka suMdara sthaLano pravAsa hate. gelIlIne nIce pradeza khristIo mATe khUba pavitra sthaLa ane paricaya karavA mATe ijharAilamAM aneka Adhunika sagache. ahIM nAjharethamAM Izukhriste tenuM bALapaNa vItAvyuM hatuM. vaDo che. IjharAyala mAM relave vyavahAra khUba ochA che ane zukranAjharethanA merInA kavA pAse khristI dharmanA ghaMTArave saMkhyA vAra sAMjathI zanivAra sAMja daramyAna rajA hoya che. relve gADI baMdha strIo bhegI thAya che. nAjharetha devaLe ane bajAranuM suddhAM baMdha ! zahera che. madhyapUrvamAM sauthI moTuM khristI devaLa "zra. opha dha enIyezana' ahIMnuM eka jovAlAyaka sthaLa che. dari.- IjharAIlamAM 23 savArane akhabAra ane be sAMjanA yAnI sapATIthI 4000 phUTa UMce IjharAIlane sauthI moTo akhabAro-dainika pragaTa thAya che, temAMthI tera hibrubhASAnAM parvata mAunTa mena Avelo che. A parvate jhoharanA lekhaka che. kulle 340 sAmayikamAMthI 50 sarakArI ane 60 sAptArabbI zipena bara hAIne remana AkramathI Azraya hika tathA 140 pakhavADika ane mAsika pragaTa thAya che. Apyo hato. tenI ArAmagAha AgaLa laga bamaramAM sAta lAkha vidyArthIo abhyAsa kare che ane 35 hajAra (me mahInAmAM khAsa saraghase nIkaLe che ane TekarIo para zikSako temane judI judI kakSAe bhaNAve che. ane tyAM lagahoLI pragaTAvAya che. ucca gelIlInuM prATanagara "sapheda' 3000 bhaga pAMca hajAra zikSaNa saMsthAo AvelI che. phaTanI UMcAI para AveluM che. be hajAra varSa para bIjano cAMda lagatA dekhAtAM tyAM mazAlo-te pragaTAvavAmAM AvatI. tyAMnI khetI ane gAmanI padhdhatimAM khAsa karIne yuropanI bahAra prathama chApakhAnuM saphedamAM sthapAyuM hatuM. kAnAmAM mezava ane kimbarga padhdhatio vize jANavuM joie. mozava, jisase pANInuM madirAmAM parivartana karyuM hatuM. sahakArI kheDUtanuM gAma hoya che. paraMtu temAM dareka kuTuMba alAyaduM rahe che. ane jamIna kheDe che. kharIdI ane vecANa sapheda burU khAMDa samI retImAM tamAre sUrya snAna karavuM sahakArI padhdhatithI thAya che. kiburjha sAmUhika gAma hoya che. hoya te nathAnyAnA dariyA kinAre jaje. kadAca tamane retI temAM badhI jamIna ane milkata sAmUhika mAlikInI- sarvenI sAkara samI madhura na lAge, teye tyAMnA havA taDako ane dari. gaNAya che. temAMthI thate naphe darekane tenI jarUrIAta pramANenA yAI pavananI lahera jarUra mIThI lAgaze nathAnyA dezanA kendra sidhdhAMte vaheMcAya che. gAmanA leke eka samUha raDe sthAne che. tyAMthI sattara mAIla dUra simeriyA che. ane tyAM jame che. ya che. temAMthI te naphA sAmuhika mAlikInI- sanA e nathAnyA dezanA Jain Education Interational

Page #766
smRti saMdarbha graMtha 761 rASTrapati hatA ? cuMTaNI ane hAla che bAda lakSya sAtalA sahelANIo -- IjharAIlanA prathama pramukha - rASTrapati hatA De. ema vaijhamAna ane hAla che jhAlemana zajhara. ijharAyelanA pramukhanI 196pamAM traNa lAkha sahelANIoe IjharAyelamAM cuMTaNI dara pAMca dara pAMca varSe thAya che. zajhara 21 mI me musApharI karI hatI ane 1970mAM temanuM lakSya sAta lAkha - 1963mAM pade AvyA hatA. 2pamI eprila IjharAIne svAtaMtrya sahelANIone AkarSavAnuM che. vasatInA pramANamAM pustaka pustaka dina che. Haikah hatikavAha tenuM rASTragIta che. Aje prakAzananA kSetramAM IjharAyela duniyAmAM bIje naMbare Ave che. jerUsalemanI zerIe zerIe eka gIta - je che. "jerUsalema dara varSe tyAM be hajAra pustaka pragaTa thAya che. hibru bhASAmAM zela jhahaha-senAnuM jerusalema A gItanI lekhikA che telaramatagamata vize 300 pustaka pragaTa thayAM che ane temAMthI avIvanI nAomI zemara. tenI rekarDa utarI che. 1pamI me ramatagamata' ane 'vyAyAma jJAna koza" tathA "ramatone zabda 1967ne dine jerusalemanA nezana holamAM vArSika gItotsava keza" mukhya che. chellA sAteka varSathI tela avIvamAMthI ramataH prasaMge te prathama vAra jAheramAM samUha samakSa gavAyuM ane pUruM gamata vize denika akhabAra pragaTa thAya che. 1952mAM phina= thatAM sAta miniTa sudhI mauna rahela zrotAoe tene tALIlenDanA pATanagara helasikInI olimpika ramatamAM 26 vyAyAma ethI vadhAvyuM ane pharIthI te gavAyuM tyAre tenuM dhruvapada badhA vIree bhAga lIdhe hate ramatagamatanA kSetre "makAbI" ane sAthe samUhamAM gAtA hatA. jerusalemane je bhAga jerDanane "hepIela' saMsthAo e khUba moTo phALo Apyo che. kabaje hatuM te jItI levAmAM A gIte agatyano phALo Apyo AvAM bIjAM kSetramAM paNa A vAmana samA nAnakaDA che. ijharAyelanA yuvAno ane yuvatIonA hRdayamAM A gIte deze virATa pragati kuca karI che lAkha yahudI lekanI katala tenuM sthAna jamAvyuM che. tenI 34 varSanI lekhikA nAomI bIjA vizvayuddha daramyAna nAjhIoe karI hatI chatAM A zare 200 uparAMta gItanI sUrAvalI racI che. gItakAre badhivAna ane zaktimAna prajAe pitAnuM vatana meLavI A temAM pAchaLathI bIjI kaDI umerI che ane prathama kaDInI nirAzA zcaryajanaka pragati sAdhI che. tenA eka eka yuvaka yuvatInI AzAmAM praphulI che. zAlIma (Shalom ) namaskAra IjharageragamAM dezaprema vahe che ane eja che enI Araba rAja rAyela ! sAmenI vijayanI khumArInuM rahasya. harararararara0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0 for PHONES : Office : 945, 1211 Residence : 57 ESTD : 1938 Factory : 1434 Grams : DEOILCAKES' JAYANTILAL BROTHERS CLOTH MERCHANTS Moon Vanaspati MANGALORE Every Housewife demands 8 A HOUSE FOR EVERYTHING IN TEXTILES OFFER NG MORE, TO MORE AND MORE Delicious and Nouri shing Cooking PEOPLE A RARE RAN GE IN AN EXCITING ENSEMBLE OF THE MOST Moon & Gorus Vanaspati CCLOUREUL Containing IN TEXTILES APPORDING Vitamins A and D SUPREME SATISFACTION FOR THE PRICE for YOU PAY Health, Vigour and Strength 8 STOCKISTS :Available in 4 Kg. and 2 Kg. packing also MAFATLAL APPARELS. MANGALORE VIJAYA SAKEES. Head Office Wholeaale Department Retail Dept JAYANT EXTRACTION INDUSTRIES Mission Street Maidan Cross Road Hampapkatta Bedeshwar, JAMNAGAR-2. Phone : b 4663 Phone : 7375 3820 Phone : 3538 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 -- * 2000 0 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

Page #767
062 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 tAra :-venIlA sthApanA : 1932 TelIphena : 1758 bI. TI. zA ha enDa kAM. (saradAra kAnIka gesa ku. lI. nA kArbonIka gesanA ejanTa) heDa ophisa :- dANApITha, bhAvanagara. brAnca :-geDala, boTAda vigere. saradAra ku. nA seDAvoTarsa henDa mazIne, tathA gyAsa bharelA sIlInDara tathA jhaMDAchApa seDAveTaranI khAlI bATalIo rabararIMga - epanarsa buca esensa, kalarasekarIna vigere jaththAbaMdha vyAjabI bhAve amAre tyAMthI maLaze. maLe yA lakhe saradAra gesa haMmezA vAparavAno Agraha rAkhe. ja bI. TI. zAha enDa ku. ja dANApITha, bhAvanagara. brAnya gareDIyAkuvA reDa, rAjakeTa. brAnca macI ceka mahuvA. kama

Page #768
zrIlaMkAno pravAsa -kRSNavadana jeTalI silena siMhala-nuM mULanAma zrIlaMkA che. bhAratanI suMdara bhUmine dvipa 270 mAIla lAMbo ane 140 mAIla dakSiNe Avele A dvIpa rAmAyaNanA samayathI bhAratanA nAma pahoLo che. tyAM sauthI vadhu UMcAI 8,298 phUTanI che ane sAthe saMkaLAyeluM che. I. sa. pUrve pAMcamI sadImAM uttara varasAda 25 thI 250 iMca sudhI paDe che. ahIM 71 TakA bhAratanA rAjakumAra vijaye silenamAM pitAnI sattA jamAvI vasatI siMhAlI lokenI che ane silonI-tAmIla prajA 11 mahArAjA azekanA putra mahendra ane putrI saMghamitrAe TakA che, ane bhAratIya tAmIla prajA 10-6 TakA che. 3 loko silenamAM bauddha dharmane pracAra i. sa. pUrve trIjI sadImAM baudhdha dhamI che ane 18 TakA loke hiMdu dharma pALe che. karyo. silena hAla lekasabhAjanita lekazAhI bhegavanAra pradeza silonamAM 10,000 zALAo che ane badhe tabakake zikSaNa che. 25000 corasa mAila ane eka karoDa ane vIsa mata che. 72 TakA loke akSarajJAnI che lokonI bhASA mukhyatve lAkhanI vastI dharAvanAra A pradeza bhArata jema briTiza siMhAlI ane bIjI tAmIla che cahA rabara ane ToparuM hakumata nIce hatuM ane I. sa. 1948mAM teNe svataMtratA nikAsanI 93 TakA Avaka Ape che. silonamAM pravAsIne prApta karI. ApaNA A paDozI ane mitra deza vize jANavuM khAnagI gharamAM peiMga gesTa thavAnI sagavaDa mulAkAtI satkAra ApaNane svAbhAvika game ane dara dezanA pravAsa karavA kendra dvArA maLI zake che. tyAM milana ane vidAya vakhate asamartha leke mATe silenano pravAsa vadhu sulabha bane sile- ayu- be vAna kahI namaste thAya che ane kaha-3 nA-karA karUNa namAM praveza mATe pAsaporTanI jarUra che. TrenanA pravAsIo kare (aMgrejI Clease nI jagyAe belAya che. AbhAra mATe dakSiNamAM rAmezvaramathI silonanA talAI mannAra vacce darzana mATe "Isa- tu-tI--stutI zabda vaparAya che. cahA cAlatI pravAsI sTImara mAraphata silenamAM javAya che. rAme- eTale "te' siMhala bhASA saMskRta ane prAkRta uparathI utarI dharamAMthI bapore be vAgye UpaDatI sTImara pAMca vAgye traNa AvI che. kaDhI bhAta tyAno mAnIta khorAka che. ToparAnuM dUdha kalAkamAM talAI mannAra pahoMcADe che. somavAra ane guruvAre caTaNI masAlA vagere sAthe khUba vaparAya che. sUkI kaDhI sAthe. rAmezvarathI sTImara jAya che. ane maMgaLavAra ane zakravAre rAMdhelA bhAtanuM keLAnA pAnamAM pakAveluM pekeTa lakhkhAI ' savAre 10 vAgye talAimanArathI rAmezvarama javA upaDe che. tayAra maLe che ane tene svAda cAkhavA jevuM che. vaLI sTImaranI uparanI DekanuM bhADuM silenI 34 rUpiyA ane "tambalI" ane nALiyeranuM pANI ane " araka"--tADI ghaNu nIcalI DekanuM bhADuM 10.50 rUpiyA jeTaluM hoya che. talAI- loke zekhathI pIe che. mannArathI kalabe silenanI rAjadhAnI pahoMcavA trIjA varganuM Trena bhADuM 8,30 dupiyA hoya che. madrAsathI vimAna mAraphata silenanA prAcIna dhAmo anurAdhApura mihintale pole aThavADiyAmAM traNa cAra vakhata tirucirApalIthI silena jaI nurUvA ane siriyAnI yAtrA karatAM pahelAM ApaNe tenA zakAya che ane muMbaIthI paNa vimAna mAraphata pravAsa thaI avaoNcIna sthaLAnA pravAsa karI laI zake che. vimAnI pravAsIo silenanA kATunAyaka ( kAlanI kalA uttare 19 mAIla) vimAnI mathake (tare che. prAdezika vimAnI pravAsa mATe ramalanA (kela banI dakSiNe 10 mAIla) kalaMba silenanI rAjadhAnI che ane tenI vasatI vimAnI mathakane upayoga thAya che. vimAnI mathake utaravA lagabhaga sADA pAMca lAkhanI che. caudamI sadInA cInI musA ane tyAMthI javA mATe kArDa bharavuM paDe che ane rU. 2-50 phare tene "kAo - lAnya kahyuM hatuM ane mekakone Igna vimAnI mathaka kara ApavuM paDe che. batutAe tene kAle nabI tarIke oLakhAvyuM hatuM. kolaMbe zabdane artha AMbAnuM pAna thAya che. A eka Adhunika saga bhaugolika racanA vaDovALuM zahera ane ba dara che. pherTathI dUra sADA pAMca mAITa silonamAM silonI rUpiyAnuM calaNa che. silonamAM ne aMtare Avela kelaniyAmAM rAjA mahAvihAranuM maMdira buddha piyA paMcAga pramANe piyAnA divase rajA hoya che ane tene bhagavAnanI mulAkAtathI punita baneluM che ane te be hajAra Agale divase aA rajA hoya che. A piyA divasa aTha- varSa purANuM che. zaheramAM phoTathI cAra mAIla dUra AvelA buddha vADiyAmAM kyAre Ave che te agAuthI silona pravAsI maMdiramAM silenanA jANItA citrakAra ja keTaTe buddhana ephisa mAraphata jANI levuM jarUrI che. silona-zrI laMkAnI jIvananA bhIMtacitra suMdara navIna zailImAM AlekhyAM che. vika Jain Education Intemational www.ainelibrary.org

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794 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 ToriyA pAkanuM navuM nAma bihAra mahAdevI pAka che, ane temAM kenDI'nA mulAkAtIonAM , mana vividha vAnagIo ane maruM. kamaLa ane kumudanAM taLAve ramaNIya lAge che. A vihAramAM janathI hare che. saMdara kavArAo ane nayanaramya vRkSo ane pupa ApaNe " naukAviThAra ane mAchalI mAravAnA zokhIno mATe ne thAka utArI nAMkhe che. keliMbe mujhiyamanuM bhavya makAna eka ke goo atyaMta ramaNIya sthaLa che. te AMtararASTrIya vimAnI muslima dAtAnI bheTa che ane tethI te zukravAre baMdha hoya che. mathaka kaTunAyakathI be mAIla dUra AveluM che. negeonI A saMgrahasthAna silenanA bhavya bhUtakALa ane saMskRtine alunA hila eka svAdiSTa vAnagI che. tyAM rahevA mATe "eka sAre khyAla Ape che. porTugIjha carca ApaNI camatkArI veriyasa gesTa hAusamAM vyavasthA thai zake che. UMcA kamA sannArInuM devaLanaussA se horA dasa, milA gresanA nAma vALA chAparAnA baLada gAmaDAM dhIme dhIme tyAM haMkArI javAnI thI utarI Avela milAgriyA paruM jovAlAyaka sthaLa che. tyAM majA mANavA jevI che. jAphanAmAM paNa nAgaDhIpa madi , kaMDAsAmI veriMTana skevaramAM silona reDiyenuM vaDuM mathaka che zahera : kevila madira vagere ghaNuM ramaNIya ane AkarSaka sthaLa che. bahAra "dahivelA" nuM prANI saMgraha sthAna dukhyiAmAM jANItuM che ane temAM dararoja sAMje savApAMce hAthInA khela thAya che. kolaMbathI 63 mAIla dUra AveluM ratnapura tyAMnA kalabanI tApevane gAle phesa, silinka, samudra vagere mUlyavAna ratane mATe vakhaNAya che. hikkA DravAmAM kAcana taLIhoTale aneka jAtanI vAnagIo pIrase che ane peTTaha nA yAvALI hoDIthI tenA nirmaLa sAgaramAM paravALAnI TekarIo bajAramAM tamane hAthavaNATanI sADIthI mAMDI mUlyavAna ratno joI zakAya che ane tenI pAse AvelA aMbagoDamAM vikhyAta vecAtA maLI zake che, mahora paherelAM nRtya jovA maLe che. kolaMbathI 148 mAIla dUra AvelA dakSiNanA hamboTAno vizALa samudra kinAro kalabanI dakSiNe senerI dariyAkinAro ane pheTathI anekane sAgara snAna mATe AkarSe che. kela bathI 160 mAIla sAta mAIla dUra mAunTa laviniyAnuM suMdara svapnasamuM sthaLa dUra AveluM trirkomAlI duniyAnA sauthI me TA kudaratI baMAveluM che. tyAM UMcI TekarI upara AvelI hoTala briTiza romAM sthAna dharAve che. tenI pAse kinIyAthImAM roga nivAraka gavarnara sara eDavarDa banase 30,000 pAunDanA kharce uSNa pANInA jharA che. ogaNIsamI sadImAM baMdhAvela mahelamAM che. mAunTa laviniyAne - have ApaNe zrIlaMkAnA prAcIna dhArmone joIe. anusiMhAlI leke temanI bhASAmAM "galakissA' kahe che. nALiyera rAdhApura kelathI 128 mAIla dUra rAjAnA pradeza - rAjaane tADavRkSonI chAyA taLe patharAyele dariyA kinAro tenuM stamAM AveluM che. ahIM nilA levA ane guvArA levAnA ane AkarSaNa che. ArAma gRho Adhunika sagavaDavALAM che. ahIMnI vAva traNa kenDI staranI che. sarvocca staranI vAvanuM pANI pIvA mATe tyAMthI kolaMbothI 72 mAIla dUra AveluM kenDI silenanuM bIjA nIcA stare jatuM pANI na hAvA mATe ane tethI nIcA haiyuM che. tyAM basamAM jatAM rastAmAM gAmaDAMnI gorIo kAja, stare AvelI vAvanuM pANI devA mATe che. temAMnuM sarvocca lIlA nALiyera, pAInepala phaLo vecatI jovA maLe che. ardha taLAva basavAka kulamamAMthI pANI meLave che. tAmIlamAM kulama raste silenanA jANItA robIna hUDa-bahAravaTIA sArAdi eTale ke vAva ahIM che. buddha maMdira - dagabAnI racanA thelanuM sthaLa Ave che. ane tyAM TekarI paranA pAMca rAja mahAnu viziSTa prakAranI hoya che. temAM malavA sapATI daravAjo--- vArA nAme oLakhAya che. kaDuganavAthI bAIbala rokanuM anupama vahulakaDA, dhumaTa-dagabo ane tenI para aNIdAra zaMku AkAra bhavya dRzya dekhAya che. kenDI "dalAdA mAlI gAvA eTale daMta kevA hoya che. dagabAe stupa che ajaMTAnI guphAo - mAphaka maMdira" che. AjubAjunI TekarIonA pratibiMbane pANImAM anurAdhA puranI zodha i. sa. 1817mAM briTiza sarakAranA jhIlatuM suMdara sarovara che. rAjA vimaladhama sUriya pahelAe yuvAna ejanTa rAlpha bekahAuse karI tyAM sudhI te jaMgalamAM ahIM rAjya sthApyuM te agAuthI kenDInI saMskRti anokhI chupAyeluM hatuM eca. sI. pI. bela nAmanA purAtatvavide A rIte vikasI che. hAthIo-nagArA - mazAlo sAthenuM isAlA sthaLanI kalA kArIgarInI mahattA para jagatanuM dhyAna kheMcyuM. pira herAnuM buddha savArI yAtrA dRzya jonAranA haiyA upara smara A sthaLa nevuMkharuM jotAM 119 rAjAeAnuM zahera hatuM. rAjaNIya chApa mUkI jAya che. aSTakoNa chAparAnA Azrame UbheluM kumAra vijayanA anuyAyI anurA kumAra vijayanA anuyAyI anurAdhe tene vasAvyuM hatuM. prabha buddha bhagavAnanA dAMtanuM maMdira- dAdA mAlI gAvA paMda- siMhala mahAkAvya "mahAvaMza" anusAra te I. sa. pUrve raso varSa purANuM yAtrAdhAma che. pereDeniyAmAM zAhI baTAnI rAjA pAMDukabhayanI rAjadhAnI hatuM ane te zaheranuM Ayojana vanarapati bagIce 147 ekaramAM phelAyeluM che ane tene prAraMbha Adarza hatuM. A rAjAne pautra devAnAma priyatissa (I. sa. I. sa. 1371mAM rAjAnA vihAra dhAma narIke thayela. dha pU. 260.210) jyAre rAjya karatA hatA tyAre mahArAja kavInsa hoTala, pikavyuM hoTela ane cAleTa gesTa hAusa azokanA putra--baudhdha bhikhu mahindra sAdhuo sAthe zrI Jain Education Intemational

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* smRti saMdarbha graMtha' - - - - , .. laMkAmAM AvyuM. teNe je te rIonI guphAomAM sAdhuo khaMDa kaliganA samayanuM ziva devAlaya, cela samayanuM devAlaya sAthe utAro lIdhe te tenA nAma parathI mihintale tarIke 'turapamanuM pratimAgRha ane latA maMDapa te pASANamAM AleoLakhAya che. ahI rAjA tissa tenA cAlIsa hajAra prajA khela kAvya samAna che. parAkrama bAhae baMdhAvela laMkA tilaka jane sAthe mahendranA upadezathI "budhdhama zaraNama gacchAmi vihAranuM pratimAgRha 170 phUTa lAMbuM, 69 phuTa pahoLuM ane dhammama zaraNama gacchAmi ane saMghama zaraNama gacchami." "papa phuTa UMcI divAlenuM baneluM che. parAkrama bAhanI rANI karate bauddha dharmanA Azraye AvyA. mahAsena (I. sa. ra74- subhadrAnuM baMdhAvela kiri vahere atyaMta surakSita prAcIna dagA 301 ) mahAvaMzane chelo rAjA hatA. anurAdhA pura; mahA che. uttaramAM 5 mAIla dura lavihAramAM budhdha bhagavAnanI bodhI vRkSa, 2200 varSa purANuM che. azoka , putra saMghamitrAe traNa suMdara pratimAo che. UbhA rahelA, beThelA ane ArAma bhAratanA bodhivRkSanI zAkhA i. sa. pUrve trIjI sadImAM zrI letA budhanI sauthI moTI pratimAM 84 phuTanI che polonulaMkAmAM jaIne repI hatI. 1966 mAM tenI rakSA senAnA yuvAne caMdrapASANu atyaMta suMdara rIte goLAkAramAM kerolo saLIyAnI vADathI karavAmAM AvI. pittaLIyA mahela uttaramAM sapATa paththara che. uttaranA maMdiramAM suMdara bhIMta citra che, AgaLa vadhatAM joI zakAya che. tenuM tAMbAnuM chAparu che. datta trivaMka pratimA gRhamAM buddhanI pratimA uparAMta navA zodhAyelAM gamanI e A mahela baMdhAvyuM te 15 varSa pachI AgamAM bhIMtacitra che. dakSiNe parAkrama samudrane baMdha eka jovAlAyaka bhasmI bhUta thaye. tyAM AvelA kao hAramAM 1600 thobhalA sthaLa che. bAramI sadImAM kaMDArAyela suMdara paththa AkRti zuM pilo ruvAnA rAjA parAkramamAM huM prathama '1143-1186 ,ii parAkrama bAhunI' ke bIna rAjAnI haze ke kaI sAdhunI ? yAda Ape che. A mULa mahela nava mALanA hatA. nAvali pAla gula vahera apUrva gaLAkAra ghummaTavALuM maMdira che. dagabA 300 phUTa UMce che ane tene mahAna suMdara paththara sigiriyana gagana duga athavA siMhagiri gaNAya che. brahmadezanI boddhonI bheTa che. mULa 'upa0 phUTa UMce silonane i. sa. 473 thI 461nA varSanA gALA daramyAna vaseluM A sauthI mahAna dAbA je tAvenarAmanA rAjamahAvaMze baMdhA- eka sauthI suMdara nagara hatuM. tyAM rAjAnA mahelanI AjubAju velo hato, tenA daravAjAnA stabe pAyAne nava kuTa gaNatAM 30 phaTanI divAla hatI ane rANIne zItala malI gava-mahela 36 phUTa UMcA che. tulA rAma daLanA sauthI prAcIna che ane bheMya taLIye vahetI jalanaLIkAothI ThaDe rahetuM. tenA DuMgarate rAjI devAnAma priya nirase baMdhAvela ahIMthI AgaLa thI mAMthI kerI kADhelA rAjyanA ane rANInA snAnAgAre ane sadInI bhagavAna buddhanI samAdhi buddhi pratimA duniyAnuM eka kamaLothI bharelI khAIo haju Azcarya pamADe che. ajaMtAnI suMdara zilpa gaNAya che. misivatI debA, tirUSA, rAje guphAnAM citrenI yAda ApatAM chata paranAM bhIMta citro prAcIna yAna paNa jovA lAyaka sthaLo cheparaMtu i. sa. pUrve trIjI siMhala citrakalAnA uttama namUnA rUpa che. A girinagarane sadInuM Isu puniya vihAra ApaNane ilorAnI guphAo nI su dara nirmAtA karasapa rAja (I. sa. 473 491) kalA premI jIva zilpakalAnI yAda Ape che premIo, ghaDAvALA vagere aneka hate. vana devanagara -kalAsa samuM nagara racavAnuM hatuM. sigisudara zila kemerA dvArA yAtrio jhaDapI le che. anarAdhA- riyanI taLeTImAM moTo siMhane paMje kaMDArele che, tethI te purathI sAta ke ATha mAIla dUra mihinalemAM purAtatva sa hA. siMhagari tarIke oLakhAya che. kasaMpa tenA pitAne jelamAM laya che. misaka parvata para caDhavA maTe 1840 paththaranA pUrI gAdIe AvyuM hatuM paNa teNe joyuM ke rAjyane khajAne gathiyAM che, ahIM A uparAMta kaMTaka rItya, siMhapokana, khAlI hatA tene zaMkA gaI ke khajAne chupAvAya che ane te nAga paMkuna, kAludiyAkuna vagere suMdara taLAve che. - zedhavA teNe tenA senApatine AjJA karI. paNa kasyapano khajAne te teNe racela suMdara sthApatya che. keTalAkanuM mAnavuM anurAdhApurathI 60 mAI. dura pulattinagara athavA che ke pahelAM silenanA siMha te pradezamAM vasatA haze. hAla polenruvAnuM aitihAsika sthaLa AveluM che. rAjA vijayabAha te tyAM siMha nathI, paraMtu cittA silAnamAM hajuye vase che. prathama (I. sa. 105 - 1110 ) A sthaLane potAnI rAja- siziyAnI divAla para aMkita suMdarIonA jagavi. dhAnI tarIke pasaMda karyuM hatuM, jenA avaze hAla tyAM jovA khyAta kalAtmaka citro phakta temanI jAMgha sudhInAM ja che. pachI maLe che te rAjA parAkrama bAha prathama (11539-1186), jANe te vAdaLAM pAchaLa ke samudranA taraMga pAchaLa UbhI hoya ane nisaMka mahela ( 1187- 1196 ne samayanA che. rAjA tema lAge che. A suMdarIonA citra joI kavikRdayanA leAkAe nisaMka mahala dhUni hatA. teNe 2744 phUTa meTA galapothAmAM lakhelI kAvyakaMDikA 685 jeTalI saMgrahAyelI che. yunesko pASANulekha katarAvyuM che. anurAdhApuranAM sthApatya karatAM vaI A sirijhamAM tenA vize citramaya pustaka pragaTa thayela. aDInA sthApatya vividhatAmAM ane kalAmAM caDiyAtAM che. che. sigiriyanA bhIMtacitro bhInI bhUmikA para AlekhAyelAM polenuM ruvAmAM ApaNane siMhala jIvana para tAmIla hiMdu che. kavi hRdayanA kalAprema prekSakonA cittane A suMdarI menA jIvanane prabhAva dekhAya che, vAta--da' jenA suzobhita kaMDArela mita ke mRganayana premathI ghATa la kare che; tema silena zrI dvArapALe, parAkrama bAhunA mahelane 102442 phUTane vizALa laMkAne pravAsa paNa pravAsInuM mana harI le che. Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 visanagara tAlukA majura sahakArI maMDaLI lI., visanagara. (u. gujarAta ) hatA sahAranA udhaPTalIna naM. 311-36 0 413-271 sthApanA sane 1953 zera kepITala-rUA. 49,670 rIjharva phaMDa tathA anya phaMDo-rUA. 53,41,045 bAMdhakAma kSetre pragati : A majura maMDaLIe zarUAtamAM nAnAM nAnAM kAmone gujarAtamAM zubhAraMbha karyo, ane visanagaranA bhekhadhArI sahakArI kAryakara zrI sAMkaLacaMdabhAI ane bIjA sahakArI kAryakaronI doravaNI nIce bhAratanA judAjudA bhAgomAM bAMdhakAma jevA ke, rastAo, rana ve, pulo, makAne, vigere atyAra sudhImAM 15 karoDa rUpiyAnAM kAma karI A dezanA navanimamAM pitAno mahatvano phALo Apyo che. mahAkAya bAMdhakAmo karI majura maMDaLIe sahakArI pravRttine yazakalagI apAvI che. bIjI sahakArI saMsthAone ubhI karavAmAM potAne mahatvano phALo Apyo che. sahakArI maMDaLImAM ekaThI thatI muDI keInuM zoSaNa kare nahI ane te kaI vyakatInI mAlIkInI bane nahI tenuM A majura maMDaLI udAharaNuM che. bAMdhakAmanA TenDaramAM harIphAI karI majura maMDaLIe sarakAzrInA lAkha rUpiyA bacAvyA che. - maMDaLIe karelA kAmo paikI - nAma rUpiyA lAkhamAM vesTarna ekasapresa hAIve, muMbaI 78 lAkha H. 0. C. levalIMga panavela ranave nAzika 114 emyunezana gepaDAuna, pulagAMva sarahadI ratAe (kaccha, banAsakAMThA) surajabArI pUla ( uttara zetubaMdha) banAsa nadI uparano pula udepura--hiMmatanagara, relve dAMtI vADA baMdhanI kenAla ukAI heDa regyuleTara tathA spIla kaDANu Dema bAMdhavAnuM kAma 141 porabaMdara breka voTara ve 141 , Tayubavelsa Azare 1800 (gujarAta ane madhyapradeza) 185 , 1339 uttarotara amArI maMDaLInI pragati vadhAravA ApanA sahakAranI AzA rAkhIe chIe prabhudAsa bhIkhAbhAI paTela narendrakumAra nA vyAsa ceramena mAnad maMtrI Jain Education Intemational

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malayeziyAno pravAsa malayeziyA viSuvavRtta pAse 1thI7 akSAMzamAM ane 100 thI 119 rekhAMza vacce pradeza che. temAM 13 rAjye jillAe AvelAM che ane temAMnA 11 pazcima malayeziyAmAM ane e sabahu ane sArAvAka pUrva malayeziyAmAM AvelA che. pazcima malayeziyA thAilenDanI dakSiNe ane sI gAkuranI uttare Avela che, ane pazcima malayasiyAthI 400 mAila dUra dakSiNa cInI samudramAM inDoneziyAnA meniyA TApunI uttare pUrva malaye. siyA che. malayasiyAnI rAjadhAnI kuAlA lampura che. maleya siyAnuM dainika sarerAza tApamAna 70 thI 90 pheranahITa rahe che. malayasiyAnA kula vistAra 128, 308 cArasa mAilanA che. temAM pazcima malayasiyAnA lagabhaga 51000 ceArasa mAila ane pUnA 78,000 ceArasa mAila samAya che tenI vasatI 10, 434,034nI 1970nI gaNatrI pramANe hatI temAM lagabhaga dasalAkha uparAMta bhAratIya ane pAkIstAnI lAke vase che. vasatInA 50 TakA malaya leAkeA ane 37 TakA cInAonA che. 31mI ogaSTa 1957mAM malAyA briTiza hakumatathI saMpUrNa AjhAda deza banyA. 31mI eSTi malAyA rASTradina che. zrI kRSNavadana jeTalI pradezanI rASTrabhASA bahuAsA malesiyA che. malesiyA pradezane 70 TakA jeTalA bhAga jagalAnA che ane jagalAmAM 120 thI 150 phUTa UMcA ane keTalAMka 200 phUTa UMcA vRkSo che. phUlAmAM cha hajAra vividha phUlavALAM vRkSo ane 9000 phUlAnA vividha cheDo che. prANIe vAgha sAmAnya che ane dipaDA ane cittA paNa prasaMge pAta maLe che; rIMcha, hAthI ane meTA jaMgalI sAMDha selaDaMga-tenI viziSTatA che. 500 jeTalAM vividha pakSIe tyAM jovA maLe che. ane vividha raMgI meTA pataMgiyA paNa sArA pramANamAM hAya che. maleyasiyAnA rASTradhvaja sapheda ane lAla 13 lAMbI paTIonA banelA haiM. ane temAM DAbA hAthanA khUNe vAdaLI bhUmikAmAM caMdra ane tArAtA pratika che. tene rASTradharma islAma che. chatAM baMdhAraNathI vividha dharmonI pUjA upAsanAnI svataMtrAnI khAtrI apAi che. islAma sivAya bauddhadharma, TApuo edhama, hindudharma ane khristIdhama pracalita che 1960 thI dara varSe tyAM ramajAna mAsamAM kurAna vAcananI AMtara rASTrIya spardhA yejAya che. 1970mAM 13 dezee A spardhAmAM bhAga lIdhA hatA. jUnA nava rAjyavaAAmAMthI rAjAnI cuMTaNI dara pAMca va` mATe thAya che. tyAM lokasabhAnA be gRho che divAna ne para divAna rAyata, maleyasiyAne 3000 mAilanA dariyA kinAre che. pUrva malayasiyAne 1300 thI 1400 mAilanA dariyA kinArA che. rAjadhAnI kuAlA lampuranu` kSetraphaLa 36 cArasa mAIlanu che ane tenI vasatI pAMca lAkha jeTalI che. hAlanA rAjA che yAMga di--pa ana agAMga sapTembaranI 16mI 1963ne dine malAyAnuM joDANa sArAvAka uttara beni`yA ane sigAra sAthe thayu' ane malAyA maleyasiyA deza banyA. temAMthI AgasTa 1965thI si'gApura chUTuM thayuM. maleyasiyAmAM sarerAza 120 thI 160 IMca varasAda paDe che temAM perAka rAjayamAM Avela mekSavela DuMgara para 232 IMca jeTalo varasAda paDe che sakhahu ane sArAvAka sivAyanAM maleyasiyAnI rASTranItinA paMcazIlasamA'kunegArA' -pAMca siddhAMtA che rukuna eTale siddhAMta ane negarA eTale rASTra. (1) prabhumAM zradhdhA. (2) rAjA ane dezane vadArI (3) khaMdhAraNanuM saMmAna (4) kAyadAnuM zAsana (5) sarjaMna ane nIti. (keseA panAna dana kesu silAna) maleyasiyAnI sauthI moTI pedAza rabaranI che. 1970 mAM pAMca lAkha 62 hajAra ekaramAM rabara utpanna thayuM hatuM. 1970 daramyAna 13 lAkha Tana uparAMta rabaranI nikAza dvArA leyasiyA 17240 lAkha Dolara kamAyu hatuM. duniyAnI kalAInA trIjo bhAga malesiyA pUro pADe che. 1970 mAM duniyAnI kalAInA 41 TakA eTale 72630 Tana kalAI malepakriyAmAM pedA thaI hatI. ane temAMthI 10130 lAkha DolaranI kalAi nikAsa karavAmAM AvI. trIjA naMbarane paradezI huDayAmaNu mANInA udyoga imAratI lAkaDAnA che. 1970mAM teNe 8310 lAkha Dolara kamANI karI ApI, pAmanuM tela duniyAmAM sauthI vadhu malesiyA manAve che ane tene 1970mAM 424, 400 Tana pAma telanI ane 90920 Tana pAma phaLanI kAcalIenI nikAsa karI hatI. 774,430 ekara jamInamAM pAma tela peDhA karavAmAM Ave che. nArIyeLInA vAvetaramAM 1970mAM 762, 30 ekaranI kula jamIna vaparAtI hatI koparAnu tela tyAM khAvA mATe vaparAya che. annAnAsa, marI vagerenI paNa sArI nikAsa thAya che. dara ekare tyAM 2480 ratala DAMgara thAya che. malesiyana DaoNlaranI kiMmata bhAratanA aDhI rUpiyA jeTalI che. dareka bALakane tyAM 15 varSanI uMmara sudhI zikSaNa prApta thAya che. 6 va prAthamika zikSaNanA ane traNa varSa mAdhyamika zikSaNanA maLeyasiyA bahAranAnA--bhASAnA zikSaNane mAdhyama

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768 tarIke svIkAranArA te mAdhyamika zikSaNa mata ApavAmAM Ave che. 1970mAM prAthamika zALAmAM 16 lAkha uparAMta mALaka bhaNatA ane 5 lAkha 41 hajAra uparAMta mAdhyamika zikSaNa letA hatA. traNa vizva vidyAlayeAmAM 10,000 vidyAthIe maleyariyAnA AkAzavANI kendrane aMgakApurI ' nAma apAyuM che tyAMthI bhAratanI tAmila bhASAmAM dhroDakAsTIMga thAya che. malesiyAmAM kula judI judI bhASAnAM 45 akhabAre pragaTa thAya che. temAM aMgrejImAM, cha mahAsA maleyasiyAmAM 22 cInI bhASAmAM, tAmIlamAM ane 2 paMjAbImAM che. bhAratIya bhASAnA akhabAronI kula prata 33000 uparAMta che ane bahAsA leyasiyAnA akhabAronI 271000 prA uparAMta che. malesiyAmAM dara tera kuTuMba dITha eka TeliphonanenAM hAya che ane 1970mAM kula Teliphona 178,570 jeTalAM hatAM. 1970mAM malesiyAmAM cha lAkha moTarA. hatI, ane tyAM 13,200 mAIlanA sArA rastA che, kuAlAlumbura, penAMga ane koTikanAbAlumAM vimAnI mathA che ane 22 vimAnI kaMpanIe sAthe malesiyAe sevA karAra karyAM che, dara varSe 29,000 judAM judAM jahAje tenA badarAe Ave che. " mAlama ima " malayesiyAnI madhura saMgIta sAMja che. te vakhate pazcimI vAdyo sAthe dezanA saMgIta kArAe racelI surAvalIo cheDAya che. ane rAjA paNa te prasaMge hAjarI Ape che. paraparAgata ' rAMgeMga' nRtya baMsarI mRga ane vAyolIna sAthe manehara tAlathI thAya che ane tenu sAmAnya IvinAnuM premI nRtya lokabhAgya svarUpa " mAkainAMga "tu che. ke hA apIna'nA nRtya prakAronuM mULa arabastAnamAM che ' tarItira'ga ' rakAbI nRtya paNa atyaMta leAkapriya che. rAja darabAranI nRtyamAMDaLI tathA kupulana khuSya ne gArAnI rASTrIya saMskRti maMDaLInA nRtyo vhenArane mugdha kare tevAM hAya che. " yaMga kulita ' chAyA nAyaka paNa lokomAM khUba priya che. dareka varSe rASTrIya kalA gelerI ( maMDapa ) malayesiyana ane paradezI kalAkRtionA 8 pradezanA yoje che. sera ramata jyAre kuAlA luppuranA maDhekA sTeDiyamamAM ramAya che tyAre jonArAnI bhAre bhIDa jovA maLe che. saMpAka raMga' * meIna siMga ' ( paMdara talanA 8 iMcanA bharavaDa ) ane 8-10 phUTanA cAMda pataMgo uDADavAnI " no " ramatA jamAnA ethI ramAtI AvatI prekapriya sthAnika ramatA che. 1949mAM malayasiyAe bemiTanamAM theAnasa kapa nava varSa mATe meLavI nAmanA kADhI hatI. pharIthI te kapa 1966 67mAM paNa prApta karyA hatA. sepAka TakarAva' sepAka eTale lAta ane TakarAva eTale ThaMDA pagathI ramAtI ramata A ramata phUTabolathI ceDI judI che tene paganuM Tenisa ThekeDa miMTana kahI zakAya. malayeziyA 13 jillA ke rAjyAnA pradeza che. tene selAMgAra jillAmAM 15 lAkha jeTalI vasatInA 3160 cArasa mAIlanA pradeza che. malayeziyAnI rAjadhAnI kuAlA luppura eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga- 2 A pradezamAM AvelI che. lagabhaga savAse varSa agAu kuAlA luppura 2000nI vasatinuM khanIjanA vepAranuM gAma hatuM ane tyAM jhuMpaDA jevA dharAmAM rogacALA rahetA. kuAlA lupura gAmmaka ane kalAMga nadInA saMgama AntubAju dariyAthI vIsa mAIla dura AveluM che. te 1880mAM selAgAranuM pATanagara anya. 1957thI te kendra sarakAranuM vaDu mathaka anya ane tyArathI tenA vikAsa thavA lAgyA. malaye zayAnI cAra vidyA pIThomAMthI traNa kuAlAluranI hadamAM che. Aje tenI vAti pAMca lAkhathI vadhu che. kuAlA lupura jANe koMkriTamAM be mukhanA pUrva ane pazcima taraphanA mukhAvALA jAsa che, tyAM rIne 'jalana ' kahe che. tyAMnA saikA junA sarakArI makA malaya rAjAe, cInI khANIyAe, agraMja vahIvaTadArAnA paDachAyA ghUme che tyAMnuM relve sTezana mUra lokonI sthApatya zailInuM che pArlAmenTanuM makAna, rASTrIya saMgrahasthAna, sednala beMka ane 'aMgakAza purI ' AkAzavANI ane TelivijhananuM kendra khAsa jovAM jevA che. Adhunika kuAlA luppuramAM gagana cuMbI heATalA, cInI ane bhAratIya dvirA malaya masjIde nagIcAe ane makhamalanI TopI ane bannu ane sArIMga paherelA malaye pAtaLI cInI kanyAe myAna jevAM cyAMga sukhamAM pAghaDIvALA bhAratIyo, bhagavA raMgI siMhulanA sAdhu jovA maLe che. zaherathI sAta mAIla dura cunAnA paththaranI bATu guphAomAM hiMdu maMdira che. thAi thama tahe vAre tyAM gAmegAmathI mANasAne meLA blame che. pAse Tempalara pAka udyAna che. kulA luppuranI peTAligamAM cInI DhabanI dukAno che. mAunTabeTana roDapara zrA dyoga kalAnA sAmAna vecAya che. temAM jarI bharelA roga kapaDA maya kalAInI kArIgIrInA vAsaNo vagere maLe che. uttaramAM 60 mAIla dura 4000 phuTanI UMcAIe suMdara phjhara DuMga2 Avyo che. penAMga zahera sauthI jUnA vepArI kendromAM eka aMdara che. tyAM 1817mAM badhAyelu saTa jgyAnu sudara devaLa che. A TApunA madhyasANa cAra letI relavelI 222 phuTa Uge caDe che. tyAMnI TekarI parathI A mA rAhunuM dazya sAthe khUba manehura lAge che. penAMga TApu para keka loka sI dira", apara Itama baMdha', mukti DAra, pravALA bagIcA, samaMdira vagere tevA jevA che. panAMgamAM bhAratIyeA, guja rAtIe ane saurASTranA chAjarAmIe vase che. penAMgathI dakSiNe 10 mAIla dura AveluM jiMga junA peraka rAjyanu pATanagara hatuM. have tene ipeDumAM badalyuM che, tenA sAvara udyAna AkhA malaye zaiyAmAM sauthI AkarSaka ane meTo ura rIte sacavAyelA bagIce che. temAM prANI saMgrahusthAna paNa che. rAjyanA saMgraDusthAnamAM salaya hathiyArA, alakAro ane purA tatvanA namUnAo che. taipiMga khanIja udyoganuM sauthI brunu ane hAla paNa cAlu mathaka che. zaheranI pAchaLa AvelI mekSavela TekarI zAMta rajAe gALavAnuM Adarza sthaLa che.

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha vaipiMgathI dakSiNa-pUrvamAM 20 mAIla dura kuAlA kagasara perA'nu zAhI zahera che. perAka nadI para Avelo bhavya isyuM dariyA ritAnA (mahela) zaheranI bahAra che. ahIMnI ubudiya masjIda kharekhara bhavya imArata prakhyAta malaya kAlejamAM rAjakuTuMbanA nabIrAe abhyAsa karatA. perAka rAjyanuM pATanagara ipeDu dakSiNamAM kualA kagasarathI 30 mAIla ki'TA jillAmAM Avelu che. ahIM kAcA lokhaDanI khANA che temaja kalAinI khANAnA A pradeza che. 36 mAila dura suMdara DuMgara pradeza (500 phuTa U~cA) kamereAna AvelA che. negarI semmIlananu pATanagara sereAna kuAlA luppurathI dakSiNa pUrvamAM 42 mAila dUra Avelu che. tyAMnuM saMgrahasthAna saravara udyona uparAMta ekapaNa khIlA vagara bAMdheluM para parAgata minAMga kal sthApatyanuM malaya ghanu moDela jovA jevu che. A gharane chUTu karI 1946mAM laDanamAM greTa vembalI pradarzInamAM pharI bAMdhI pradarzita karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. peTa Disana 20 mAila dura AveluM lokapriya snAna mATe ane virAmanu sthaLa che. rembo pradezanA peDhAruM gAmamAM uSNa dhANInA jharA che. sthaLa senjhenathI 12 mAsa dura che. tyAM loko ane bALako rAja mANavA jAya che. AveluM dariyA kinAre seresjhanathI 55 mAila dura malakkA prAcIna malaya rAjyanI rAjadhAnI hatu. tenA TAuna hAla 17mI sadImAM Dara sthApatya zailIthI baMdhAyelu sauthI jUnuM makAna che. TekarI upara porTugIjha lokoe ba dhAvala seTa polanA devaLanA avAya che. ahIM sata phrAnsIsa jheviyaranI samAdhi che. soLamI sadI ! seMTa jahena durga para AjubAjunA dachyA ma Ahara lAge che anu AMskRtika saMgrahasthAna tathA sauthI jItu cInI devaLa cenga "na Tega jovA lAyaka che. AnA kendrastha khaMDa 174mAM AnakI lAke badhAnyA hatA. kuAlA lupuranI pazcime 26 mAila dura Avela kalAMga dare TekSI dvArA keTrona dvArA javAya che tyAM Avelu kAneTa brija pAvara sTezana agni eziyAmAM eka sauthI vizALa ane Adhunika vidyuta mathaka che. ahI' jatAM rastAmAM selAMgaratImAM kAranA zAsakanA istAnA (mahela) Alama zAhu AvelA che. joDhAra rAjyanuM pATanagara johAra bahurU serembanathI 200 mAila dura sIMgApAnI sAme ALyu che. liMga rabara, pAmatela anantAranI vADIe johAranA dakSiNa bhAgamAM che. jora bahathI sIMgApuranu vahu gadazya joi zakAya che. sulatAnane istAnA Dresara (mukhya mahela) aNumadanI masjIda ane sulatAnanA hAlanA bhavya mahela mukita sirina mahela jovAnuM rakhe cUkatA masjIdathI thoDe dura prANI saMgrahAlaya che. g bhUlatA johAramAM koTA ggiI jaLadhAdhanI majhA mANavAnu nahi. 300 phuTa UMcethI paDatAM pANI jevA mATe nahera janatAne badhI sagavaDo pUrI pADavAmAM AvI che dhanAMganI uttare kedADu ane pilesa rAjye AvelAM che. kedAhanI rAjadhAnI alesTAra che ane palisanI kagara thAilenDanA koI athavA penAMgathI Trena ke basa dvArA A anne rAjgyAnI mulAkAta lai zakAya che. paDuga, tregAnu ane lAMtana te nA manehara prakRti ramya sthaLe mATe ane suMdara samudrataTA mATe prakhyAta che. beMgAnu ane kelAMtananA vaNATa ane cAMdInI kalAkArIgarI vakhaNAya che. kuAlA AgAnudhI 38 mAIla dura ratau abaMga pravAsIenA rAtavAsanu lAkapriya sthaLa che. ahiM dariyA kinAre dariyAi rAkSasI TaTala sekaDo iMga mUke che. te jovAnI saune majhA paDe che. malayeziyAnA tamana negArA ' rASTrIya udyAnamAM kuAlA tembeli'gathI nadI mAge javAya che. meniyA TApunI uttara-pUrva sabahunA DuMgarALa pradeza 4000 thI 600 phuTa UMce che. sabahanuM pATanagara kATA kinAbalumAM, Adhunika vimAnI mathaka che sabahamAM janAre koTA beluDamAMnI ravivArI gujarI-meLA jevA oi e. tyAM AntubAjunA gAmomAMthI vividha rI grAmya pezAkamAM bajA gASA De caDI Ave che. kinAbAbu 13,455 phuTa UMcA bhavya parvata che. tenA zikharA parathI uttara enicenI dareka dizAnA dazyo jovAno Anada anero che. zaherathI cAra mAila dUra tAMrjaMga kharuM samudrataTa duniyAnA sauthI suMdara kinAro che. pAse lIDAbAramAM taranArAne kapaDAM badalavAnI sagavaDa che. koTA kinAbAlu pahelAM jesalaTana tarIke oLakhAtu. ahIMthI ADa mAila dur penAmapaMga, 24 mAIla dura papara ane 22 mAIla dura taurAnanI sahelagAha zaherathI sudara prAkRtika sthaLoe javAnuM mA purI pADe che. sakana sabahanu vyApArika kendra che. ahIthI 20 mAIla dura e gomAMtAMga guphAo prakhyAta cInI vAnagI pakSIonA mALAnA sUpamATe pakSImALAnA saMgraha thAya che. paMdara mAIla dura sepalAkamAM " erAMga uTAMga " prANIonu rakSita sthAna che. sabahanI cheka dakSiNamAM navA 9mAM garama pANInA jharAvALA udyAna, khAdyavAnagIe dukAne vagere pravAsI Aka aa che mAi jaLadhodha 60 phuTanI pANI pADe che. ane madAinI guphAomAM lakhe mAcIDiyA Azrayala che. sArAvAka niyeA TApunI uttara-pazcime samudrakAMThe che. A hariyALA pradezamAM 7,950 phuTa UMcA murudra parvata aDIkhama UbhA che. sArAvAkamAM aneka bhASAe ane aneka jAtienA loko vase che. ahIM mukhya pedAza marI, rakhara ane sAgA che. sArAvAganuM pATanagara kaeNciMga dariyAthI 19

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga 2 770 mAIla dura che ane ahIM gorA rAjAonA makAnamAM astAne rAjA paramezvare islAma dharma svIkAryo pasAInA rAjAnI kuMvarI jevI suMdara imArato che. khristI devaLe, bhAratIya maMdire, sAthe paraNyA bAda malAkkAmAM prathama porTugIjha zAsana AvyuM. malaya majI, thiyeTa ane zreSTha saMgraDasthAna sAthe mAchalI- ane tene I. sa. 1641 mAM aMta Avyo ane Daca zAsana ghara che. saM sthAnamAM zaMkha chIpa, IbAna lega hAusa tathA AvyuM. 1824 mAM malakkA briTiza hakumata nIce AvyuM. etihAsika citramALAno umero karavAmAM Avyo che. niAha "94pathI malayeziyAmAM briTiza lazkarI vahIvaTa hato 1957 guphAnuM moDela rAkhavAmAM AvyuM che. niAha guphAonA cothA nA ogasTanI 31 mIe phelAyA rAjyane AjhAdI maLI bhAgamAMthI prAcIna ane nUtana paththara yuganA mAnanA ava- 1963mAM temAM sArAvAka ane samaya joDAyAM. zeSe maLyAM che. 21 mAIla dura AveluM 'bidAyuha" eka malayeziyAnA maga ane menerA prakAranA thAIlenDI aneruM AkarSaNa che. maLatA nATako 100 varSa pahelAM kedAhu ane kelAnamAM kuci'gathI 18 mAila dura saMtubAMgamAM eka kalAkamAM pravezyA. makayAMgamAM " joga dega dAMga " natikAonuM jutha jhaDapI baTathI pahecAya che. ahI purAtatva khAtAe karelA hoya che. jyAre " menArA 'mAM badhA pATha para bhajave che. khedakAma parathI hajAra varSa junuM A vepAranuM kendra che. ema malayeziyA muslIma zAsana taLe hovAM chatAM dharma jANavA maLyuM che. sIMgApurathI sArAvAka nadImAM pravezatAM sahiSNutA tyAM sArA pramANamAM che. malayeziyA deza bhAratAjoga pi ane buMtala be vacce bAkI rASTrIya udyAna che. tane mitra deza che. bhAratIya saMskRti malayeziyAmAM hAjara tyAM navIna jAte nA phule che. ane jaLamArgeja sahelAIthI varSa pahelAM pravezI hatI ane tenA cihno haju tyAM jovA javAya che. maLe che. 99 TApuone samUha leMgakavI 24000nI vasati dharAve che. tyAM sAta kuMDano jaladhodha, aitihAsika guphAo, kALI retIne kinAre mAchImAronAM svarga - muM sthaLa banAve che. sarakArI vizrAma bhuvana ane Adhunika sagavaDo paNa tyAM prApya che. paMgara TApu DacalokonA duga jevo 18mI sadIthI banyuM hatuM. DuMgara para Daca isTa inDiyA kaMpanInuM rAjapratika In = 2000000000000000000000000 katareluM che. parvatIya sauMdaryadhAmamAM kuM jhara hIla, merAna DuMya mekSavela hIla ane penAMga DuMgara ane tenI pharatI Gram : GOROCHAN caDatI relave musApharone vividha AnaMda pUro pADe che. Phone : 3 2 7 61 6 karAte ramatanA zokhine mATe 80 tAlIma kendro che. ane paradezIone be aThavADiyA maphata tAlIma apAya che. tenA kuAlA lambaramAM AvelA mahAmaMDaLe 400 phaTAvALuM SANTOSH * karAte beDona AMtara rASTrIya tAlImI pustaka pragaTa karyuM che. tenI kiMmata 12 malayaDolara che. pahaMga ane se gamAM Ayurvedic Drug Supply Co. hAthIne zikAra karI zakAya che. vAgha ane dIpaDAnA zikAra mATe amuka sthaLe lAyasansa levuM paDe che. ane tenI phI che. EXPORTERS IMPOTERS & 25 Dolaratho 100 malaya Dolara jeTalI hoya che. COMMISSION AGENTS. malayeziyA kalAI para hAthathI aMkita karela malayeziyanA 4 da pravAsIone mATe sAruM smaraNa cihna che. kapaga baha DEALERS IN : AYURVEDIC DRUGS runuM ravivAranuM bajAra zanivAranI rAtathI bharAya che ane maleziyana jIvananA vividha raMgIna do ahIM jovA maLe che. malayeziyAmAM pililithika yugamAM mAnava vasavATanI 137/11, SAMUEL STREET, sAbitI maLI che. dariyAkheDu bhAratIya vepArIoe maraka (KHOJA GULLY) ane kedAsamAM vepAra vahevAra zarU karyo hato. sAtamI sadImAM B 0 M B AY_9. zrI vijayanuM zAsana hatuM ane tenA patana bAda majApahita rAjya sthApyuM. hiMdu ane bodha dharmo bAda paMdaramI sadImAM che, daramA sadAmAM 8 TakA darada dararararara00000000000000 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 rararararara rarara00000000000000 rararararara rararara rararara Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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khajUrane khUbasurata deza IrAka zrI kRSNavadana jeTalI | durlabha kiMmatI vastuo sAmAnya rIte nAnA paDikAmAM kAvyamAM suMdara bhIkhAraNane rANI banAvanAra rAjA nebuzAdanejhare pika karI hoya che. e ja pramANe IrAkane Araba pradeza paNa I. sa. pUrve 570mAM khADIana zahenazAhata sthApI hatI. durlabha AkarSaNa ane navInatAothI bhareluM che. ApaNe I. sa. pUrve 3500mAM ameriyana irAkamAM AvI vasyA ane irAkathI AvelI khajUra khAIe chIe, paNa te khajuranI te pachI I. sa. pUrve 2300 mAM semAITa leko AvyA. dhIme mIThAza ApatA pradezane oLakhavA prayatna karatA nathI. pUrva dhIme semAITa ane sumeriyane ekabIjA sAthe bhaLyA. I. sa. ane pazcima jyAM bhegA thAya che ane phaMTAya che tyAM irAkane pUrve 1750 mAM semeTika rAjA hAmurAbIe bebIlonane pATa17000 corasa mAilano 80 lAkhanI vastI dharAvate deza nagara banAvyuM ane tenA zAsanamAM kAyadA ghaDAyA. hAmurAbI AvyuM che. "Araba rAtrIonI vArtAovALA zAhajAdo AthI manu je prakhyAta kAyadA-ghaDanAra gaNAya che. I. sa. ane alapha-layelAno ane prakhyAta khalIpha hArUna ala-razIda 1400 mAM bilenanI pAdazAhata para esiriyae varcasva ne A pradeza aneka prAcIna saMskRtiono pradeza che, chatAM jamAvyuM. esiriyane kuzaLa zikArIo, yodhdhAo ane prathama Telivijhana vimAnI pravAsa Adhunika sagavaDavALI hoTale paga vakhata ja ghaDAne savArI mATe upayoga karanArA mAnava hatA. dharAve che. tenI pUrvanI sarahade IrAna, pazcime siriyA jorDana esiriyane e ninehane pATanagara-zAsana kendra banAvyuM ane sAudI arebiyA, uttare tukI ane dakSiNe arabI hatuM, paNa khADIyana zAsanamAM bebIlena pAchuM pATanagara thayuM. akhAta Ave che. tukIne UMcA parvatemAMthI tIgrIsa ane te pachI paziyana loke sattA para AvyA ane temane mahAna yukreTIsa nadIo ahIM vahI Ave che. ahIM eprila ane sikaMdare harAvI bebIlonanI paDatI bacAvI. hAla IrAkanuM navembara mAsamAM varasAda paDe che ane me thI sapTembara mAsa pATanagara bagadAda che. I. sa. 637 mAM Araboe IrAkamAM sudhI varasAda paDatuM nathI. IrAkamAM 250 thI 300 lAkha sattA meLavI ane te pachI 100 varSa bAda abbAsIda khalIpha khajuranAM vRkSo 170 jAtanI khajura pedA kare che. khetInI ala mansure bagadAda vasAvyuM. 13mI sadImAM meMgola lokoe mahatvanI nikAsa khajUra che. duniyAnI 80 TakA khajUranI bagadAdane kabaje lIdhe ane te pachI chaso varSa irAke mahatva pedAza IrAkamAM thAya che. ahalAdInano jAduI dave, alI gumAvyuM. 16mI sadIthI prathama vizvayuddha sudhI IrAka para bAbAne cAlIsa cera, bagadAdane cera ane tenI UDatI takInuM zAsana hatuM. 1921 thI 193ra sudhI te briTiza zetaraMjI sIMdabAda khalAsInI mane raMjaka musApharIo A sattA taLe AvyuM ane 14 mI julAI 1958 nA roja vArtAoe, duniyAnA aneka AbAla-vRdhdhane AnaMda Ape krAMti dvArA rAjAzAhIne ucalAvI IrAka prajAsattAka rAjya banyuM che ane Ape che. A vArtAo jyAM sarjAI te pradezanI yAtrA 14mI julAI IrAkamAM prajAsattAka dina tarIke IjapaNa eTalI ja romAMcaka che muslima yAtrALuonuM pavitra kara- vAya che. irAkanI rAjya-bhASA arabI che ane uttaramAM arabI balA paNa IrAkamAM ja AveluM che. ane kudIza bhASAo belAya che. irAka 14 lIvAmAM prAMtamAM IrAkanA ja pradezamAM bhaTaktA Adi mAnave prathama vaheMcAyeluM che ane te darekanA rAjyapAlane "mutasarIpha " khetI zarU karI ane Adi mAnave jIvananI jarUriyAta cakra kahe che. prAMta-lIvAnuM "kadhA 'mAM vibhAjana thayuM che. ane paiDuM ahIM zodhyuM. uttara IrAkamAM zanidaramAM eka guphAmAMthI kadhAnA amaladArane "kelakama' kahe che. ane "nahIA 'nA maLelA be hADapiMjare 60,000 varSa purANuM che. ema saMza vaDAne "mudira" kahe che. irAkamAM irAkI dinAra calaNI nANuM dhakee jaNAvyuM che. mesopoTemiyA-jene artha thAya che che ane tenI kiMmata eka pAunDa athavA 3,8 Delara jeTalI be nadI vacceno pradeza-IrAkane ja atyaMta phaLadrupa bhAga thAya che. IrAkamAM khanIja tela "kALuM senuM' sArA pramANamAM hate. bebIlenanA jhulatA bagIcA-leMgIMga gArDansa, cAlDIsa maLyuM che. athavA khAlIsano prAge tihAsika Ura pradeza bAIbalanuM - bagadAdamAM 14 uparAMta sArI hoTalo che. 15 jeTalI nineha, "begameIDa-bhIkhAraNa" nAmanA jANItA aMgrejI vimAnI--kaMpanIo havAI jahAje dvArA IrAka sAthe saMbaMdha Jain Education Intemational

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772 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 dharAve che ane 23 jeTalI pravAsI kaMpanIo vividha pravAsanI tenI daragAha che. vimAnamAMthI paNa A majIdda pravAsIne pravAsIo mATe vyavasthA kare che. IrAkanI relavenA traNa prathama Ape che. saMra! nA pradhAna ma DaLanA khAtA pAchaLa vibhAga che. ambasI mahela I. sa. 117 mAM baMdhAyele; tenA ava zemAM Araba saMgrahAlaya banAvyuM che. te sApavAla sTrITamAM 1 bagadAda-makIla (basarA) miTara geja lAIna che. mamUna pulanI dakSiNe I. sa. 1232mAM khalIpha ala 2 bagadAda-kika Ibila miTara geja lAIna mastansIre sthApelI mahAna vidyApIThanA avaze che. marata nsIrIyA pAseno minAro khUba suMdara zaNagArele che. razIda 3 bagadAdra-mesula-telake eka 2TAnDarDa geja lAIna sTrITanI vacce suMdara daravAjA ane alakata iMTakAmavALI che. bagadAda ane makIla vRcce papa0 kilomiTaranI sTAnDarDa sa. 13pa6 mAM baMdhAyelI sajana majIda khUba AkarSaka che. geja lAIna paNa have cAlu thaI che 10 mANasanA jutha - rezama bajArane cheDe Avela kheta maja namAM Araba prAcIna pravAsamAM relave 20 TakA vaLatara Ape che ane 15- 50 musa vastu-saMgraha che. te majIda 1358 mAM baMdhAyelI purANA pharonI maMDaLI mATe eka miyAne maphata pravAsanI sagavaDa bagadAdanA avazeSa same bAba ala vastAnI daravAjo purANa Ape che. basa sarvisamAM lAla pATiyA para e mathake thebha zastro ane hathiyAdonA saMgrahasthAnamAM pheravAya che. vimAnI nAra badhI banI mAhitI hoya che. lIlA pATiyAM AgaLa mathaka pAse khalIpha hArUna ala razIdanI prasidhdha patnI jhubemusApharI karanAranI vinaMtIthI basa the che." dAnI daragAhanuM bAMdhakAma anerU che. mathaka sTrITamAM navuM irAkI myujhiyama che ane navarAna cekamAM Adhunika kaLAnI basamAM prathama varganuM bhADuM eka raTejathI bIjA sTeja rASTrIya gelerI che. bagadAda zaheranA kendra sthAne tIgrIsa nadI sudhInuM 15 philma che ane bIjA varganuM bhADuM 10 philasa ane mANasa ane vAhanonI avarajavarathI dhamadhamatA rastA che. eka dinAranA 1000 phikasa thAya. irAkamAM traNa mahinA vacce alAddInanI guphA AvelI che. temAM praveza karatAM ApaNe no pAsaporTa sahelAithI maLe che ane trIsa divasa sudhI eka manahara svapna samI raMgIna prakAzanI jhaLahaLatI navI rahevA pAlIsa pAse pAsaporTa rajIsTara karAvavAnI nedhava nI duniyAmAM pravezI che chIe. IrAkanI dasa ajAyabIomAMnI traNeka jarUra nathI. irAkano rASTradhvaja lAla, sapheda ane kALA traNa te bagadAdamAM che. (1) taka kiza (2) kadhirai sonerI majIda paTTAna bane che sapheda sapheda paTTAmAM traNa lIlA raMganA ane () allAdInanI guphA bagadAda thI 85 kilomITara dUra ala tArAo che. bagadAdamAM bhAratIya elacIkhAtuM adhamiyAmAM ramadInI dakSiNe suMdara hambaniyA sarovara AveluM che. tyAM tAhA sTrITamAM AveluM che. bagadAdanA vimAnI mathake pravAsIo prathama varganA kAphe resTorAM che ane pravAsIono taravaiyA mATe mAhitI kacerI che. irAkamAM rAjyadharma IslAma che. vagere mATe 50 jeTalA bhADe apAtA oraDA che. aneka loko ATalI sAmAnya mAhitI bAda have ApaNA irAkanI dasa ahIM jala vihAra mATe Ave che. tame je mAMsAhArI ho ajAyabIo ane tenAM ramaNIya sthaLe jaIzu. te tIgrIsa nadIne kinAre tAjI pakavela vAnagI "maragArU" macchIne svAda mANajo e eka khAsa irAkI vAnagI che, tene irAkamAM pATanagara bagadAda tIgrIsa nadInA banne kinAre mATe abu navasa evenyu jANItI jagyA che. aMgrejI akhavaseluM che. caudeka vizALa hoTelamAMnI 200 khaMDavALI baga bAra "bagadAda-barga vA' bagadAda ane IrAkanI khabara dAda hoTela sadone sTrITamAM AvelI che ane khayyAma hoTela razida sTrITamAM AvelI che. sada ane razIda zerIomAM sAthe duniyAnI khabara paNa Ape che. sinemAo paNa ghaNA che; temAM -Ama, rasIoda alAddIna bebilonanuM prAcIna sthaLa 4000 varSa pahelAno iti ane ala-vatanI sinemA jANItAM che. rAtrI kalabamAM nRtyanA hAsa khaDe kare che. A vizALa zaheramAM aneka bhavya mahela, jalasA jAme che. razIda sTrITa bagadAdane mukhya rastA che. maMdiro ane makAne hatAM. zaheranA AbAda nAgarike vaibhava tIgrIsa nadI para cha pUle che. bagadAdathI 20 kilomiTara vilAsamAM AjanA dhanika nAgariko jevAM ja mastAna hatA. pazcimamAM arka kurU AveluM che. ahIM I. sa. pUrve 14mI teo suMdara vastro, alaMkArothI sajaja thaI utsavo mANatA sadInA dara karI galajhanA avazeSo purAtatva khAtAnA khodakAma ane raMgIna ane saMgIta ane nRtyanA jalasAomAM bhAga dvArA zodhAyA che. ane bisurata TAvaranA eTale ke sAITa letA. "bebilenanA siMha "nuM virATa zipa hajuya ajoDa maMdiranA tIgrIsa nadInI DAbA kinAre taka kigra 35 kile che ane rAjAne khuzAdanejhare tenI seTIyana rANIne khuza karavA mITara dUra AveluM ane tyAM paziyanae vihAra mATe baMdhA- baMdhAvela "jhulatA " bIyA " duniyAnI sAta ajAyabI. velo sAsanada gaDha che. bagadAdanI uttare tIgrIsanA pazcima emAMnI eka ajAyabI che. bagadAdathI bebilena 92 kilekinAre kadhirma nI sonerI dhummaTavALI ane cAra senarI miTara dUra che ane basa dvArA 1 kalAkamAM bagadAdathI tyAM minArAvALI bhavya majIda che. temAM be dhime imAme-pavitra pahoMcI zakAya che. tyAMne itAra daravAna para suMdara rIte

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 993 prANInA upasAvelAM zi95 che ane te jANe jIvaMta hoya tevAM e jevAM jevAM sthaLa che. vizvavikhyAta mallIna (malamala)nuM lAge agINa ane temanAnkInA maMdiro ghaNuMkharuM bAI- kApaDa mesulamAM bananuM ane malIna nAma mesula parathI ja balamAM varNavela " TAvara opha bebala'nA sthaLanI yAda Ape paDayuM che. purAtatva khAtAnA saMzAdhane khedI kADhelAM traNa che, mahAna hAsurAkhI ane sikaMdara ye ghUmatA hatA te nagara nineha khAbAda ane nimarUda, tyAMnA bAMdhakAmamAM pradezanI sthiti joI, ApaNane kavi malabArInI ItihAsanI vaparAtA paththaro "alabAskara" nI khANe tyAM ja hovAnuM pUraArasI "sagAM dIThAM meM zAha AlakhanA bhIkha mAMgatAM vAra kare che. zerIe" - kavitA yAda Ave che bagadAdathI cha mAIla dUra kika uttaramAM telabhaMDAranuM kendra che. te hAla atyaMta tela hamalamAMthI hajAro varSa pahelAMnA gaNitanA dAkhalA ane Adhunika sthApatya ane sagavaDavALuM zahera che. tela-kUvAmAMthI siddhAMta maLI AvyA che. nIkaLatA gesa jANe akhaMDa dIvaDAnI jema ahIM saLagyA kare - I. sa. pUrve sAtamI sadInuM asiriyana pATanagara che. payagambara DeniyalanI daragAha paNa ahIM hatI. nineha senA ribanuM zahera hatuM. atyAre te te bhagnAva have ApaNe dakSiNa irAkamAM AvelAM pavitra zahero zenI TekarIo jevuM che. paNa tela nabI yaunisanI TekarI , najarU ane karabalAthI dakSiNAyana zarU karIe. payambara mahaMmada paranI majIdamAM payagambara jenAhanI daragAha AvelI che. sAhebanA pItarAI ImAma alInI majIdano sonerI gaganacuMbI | mesula pAse nisarUdamAM avazeSamAMthI maMdiranA paththaranA dhummaTa najarUmAM pesatAM dUrathI jhagArA mArato dekhAya che. A be virATakAya siMho maLI AvyA hatA, ane asiskina marajIno 'sahana" vizALa khaMDanI divAle chata vagere adabhUta rAjA asUnastrapAlanA mahelanI kotaraNImAMthI prAcIna jIvananA sthApatya ane alaMkArika kalAnA namUnA che. paraMparA anusAra da tathA prakhyAta pAMkhALA sAMDha kaMDArelA prApta thayAM hatAM. muslima dharma ane bhASAnA pATha zikhavatI prakhyAta pATha zALAo-ma sAo ahIM hajuye mejuda che. bagadAda- mAsula relave para AvelA zerakata sTezanathI hatrAmAM jaI zakAya. havA bIjI sadImAM mahatvanuM vasatIvALuM, karabalAmAM ImAma Ila husaina uphe alIno roje che. hi. ane vALa kaTya dharAvataH zahera te vizALa khaMDanI madhyamAM che. ane tenA para senerI hatuM. sAsAniyata sapore prathame tene nAza karyo. havAnA rAjA dhummaTa tathA be sonerI minArA e pavitra puruSanI daijhananI putrIe tenA pitAnA A zaheranA camatkArika rahaNanI pavitra prabhubhakitane camakAvI rahyA che. karabalA muslima mAhitI dazamanane ApI. rAjA savAre tene paraNavA mATe uDAvI mATe yAtrAnuM dhAma che. karabalAnI dakSiNe pazcime 30 gayo hato. paraMtu pitAne A devI putrI para dANA AvI ane mAIla dUra ADamI sadImAM kharIpha khela - masuranA bhatrijA teNe tene jaMgalI gheDAnA pUMchaDA sAthe baMdhAvI DhasaraDAvI Isa Ibna musAe baMdhAvela uo dhIrane vizALa prAsAda mata bhegI karI. gaDha che. temAM tra" majalAnuM makAna Aje avazeSarUpe tenI bhavyatAnI zAkha pUre che. najaphI dasa miniTanuM aMtara samArAma, vartuLAkAre UMce vadhatA minArAvALI jumAM kApatAM IjalAma dharmanA prAra bhakALamAM ArabavIra sAda Ibna majIda eka ajA sthApatya che, mArAmAM kilAnA ane abI vakase baMdhAvela kuphA majIda paNa jovA lAyaka che. sumekhalIphAnA mahelAnA avaroSa ane 11mI sadInA rasamayanI riyana saM 'tanuM ujajavaLa kendra ura nasiyA nagara pAse be pavitra daragAha che. A zaheranI uttare zanidara guphAmAMthI AvuM che. tyAM I. sa. pUrve 2900mAM baMdhAyela 60 phUTa pacAsathI sAITha hajAra varSa pahelAnA be hADa piMjaro maLI UMco aMgurana - maMdira minAro che. temAM rAjAo ane AvyAM hatAM. uttara dizAmAM je jharaNu- nadI che. tyAMthI bAda temanA kuTuMbIone temanA mUlyavAna pozAke ane ratnajaDita balanA jAnA karAramAM varNavelu jaLapralayanuM pUra zarU thayuM alaMkAro sAthe 4500 varSa pahelAM daphanAvavAmAM AvyA hatA. hatuM. dakSiNa irAkamAM A pUranI vAta sAcI hovAnI sAbItI lAla jhabbata Urane prakhyAta minAro che. ahIMnI kabaraApatA etihAsika cihna majuda che. mAMthI maLelI ajaba, navIna vastu bagadAdanA IrAka myu jhiyamamAM jovA maLe che. rAte bagadAdathI relave TreInamAM besI irAkanA uttare AvelA be mukhya zahera che. mesula bIjI savAre vahelA UramAM AvI zakAya che. ane kika. mosula DagadAdanI uttare 168 mAIla dUra ja tIDIsane jamaNe kAMThe AveluM che. tyAM relave, vimAna ke basa dakSiNa irAkanuM sauthI moTuM zahara basarAzata-IlamAge jaI zakAya che. irAka dezane siriyA, sukI ane pazcima araba nadIne pazcima kinAre arabI akhAtathI 3pa mAIla manA deze sAthe joDatI relave ahIMthI pasAra thAya che. mesulanuM dUra ane bagadAdathI pa52 ki. mI. dUra AveluM che. ahIM myujhiyama DhaLatA minArAvALI purANI ana-nUrI majIda pAsenA raNamAM jatI UMTonI vaNajAranA avAja ane jaLa nelI jIgrIsanI majIda ane 13mI sadIne karAsarAI mahela para saphara karatAM jahAjonA avAje mizrita sUra pUrAve che. Jain Education Intemational

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774 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 pAse malakanamAM tIgrasa ane yukreTisa nadInA saMgame bAyabalamAM che ane tauphikaro mare tathA kauzana romAMTika adhunika pAvana Adama jAtanA pitA tarIke oLakhAtA bAvA Adama kavio che. hu behakazI jANIte kudi za vAratavavAdI che. ne IDanano bagIco ane AdamanuM vRkSa AvelAM che. Adhunika karmAna sAhityamAM kavi hijarI dAdA (1877=1952) - I. sa. pUrve be hajAra varSa para ahIM abrAhame UMcuM sthAna dharAve che "vahIDA" prathama irAkI nATakanA lekhaka prArthanA karI hatI. ahIMnI nadI zana - Ilaaraba IrAkane che. ela zabdanara Ama Arao, karyo ane turka"mAne dariyAI mAge duniyA sAthe sAMkaLe basarA zaheranA traNa IrAkanA sAhitya ane kalAne vividha rIte sevIne samRddha karI vibhAga che. azara basarA zahera ane kurtA Adamane IDana rahyA che. Ama IrAka prAcIna saMskRtio ane bhavyatAnA bAga. basarAe pUrvanuM venisa zahera gaNAya che. kAraNa temAM avaze jALavIne Adhunika jamAnA sAthe kadama mIlAvI aneka nahero eka bIjA sAthe saMkaLAyelI che. Araba rAtrI onI vArtAnA sIndabAda khalAsInuM nAma basarA sAthe ja rahyuM che. IrAka kevaLa prAcIna bhaMgArone deza nathI paNa AdhujoDAyeluM che. mahaMmada payagambaranA samakAlIna ane sAthI nika Araba rAjya che ane temAM badhIja Adhunika sagavaDe talhA ane jhuberanA rejA ahIM AvelA che. Araee sahaja prApya che. basarA I.sa. 636mAM hAlanA zaherathI thoDAka mAIla dUra vasAvyuM hatuM. bagadAda zaheranI pAse uttare pUrvamAM parvatIya pradezomAM kudIza lekanA gAme vaselAM che. kudIza bhASA sAhitya ane saMskRtino IrAnI saMskRtimAM sAro phALe che. abIla relave sTezanathI 19 mAIla dUra saladI saladInathI aDadhA kalAkanuM aMtara kApatAM zakalAvA ane sakalAvAthI huja emarAMne raste galI alI bega-jAnA parvatIya grIma vihAre che. mesulathI 90 ki. mi. dura avinA 104 ki. mi. dara svaranaukA ane 120 ki.mI. dUra sarasaMga parvatIya pradezamAM AvelA bIjA Adhunika sagavaDovALAM vihAradhAma AvelA che. IrAkanI khajUranI pedAzane bIje naMbare irAkanA kalAkAronI kalAkRtionI pedAza che. temanI suMdara kalAkRti A NAME To Remember enI mAMgane te pahoMcI vaLatA nathI ane je kaMI pradarzita kare che te tarata vecAI jAya che. pheka hasana, jAvAda zalima eka bAju hiyA alavasatinI kalAthI ne bIjI bAju Comfort you Won's forget prakhyAta pazcimI kalAkAra pikAnI kalAthI prabhAvita thaI preraNA pAmI nAmI kalAkAro banyA che. haphI ala durabI nagarane citrakAra kadhuma haidara mahAkAvya kalAkAra ane mahamada dhanI paththaramAM Urmio kaDAranAra zilpI che. vIsamI sadInA prathama 25 varSamAM dezabhaktine sUra kavitA kSetre paNa UTho ane te ala risI, mila sidakI, ala jhadavI ala kadhumI ane ala zilapI dvArA lekamAM guMjate thaye sadInA bIjA 25 varSamAM mukta chaMdanuM AMdolana jAgyuM ane teNe zakira & Famous For!Durable SHOES ala sayaba, zrImatI nagika ala-malekA ane abdula vahaba Fancy & Modern chapples $ ala bayatInA kAvyamAM vaLIne mukti pAmI. mahamada ahemada 8and all kinds fo B. S. C SHOES & Chappals aba saida tathA kAnUna ayuba A sadInA vArtAkAra tarIke khyAti pAmyA ane solemana phadhI navalakathAkAra tarIke haiM AgaLa AvyA kurdiza kavi ahamadakhAM (1650-1705). nA prakhyAta mahA kAvya mitra ane jhenamAM, potAnA rAjAnI Opp. Broadway Cenema-DADAR bena jaina ane rAjAnA sevakanA putra-mitranA premanI kathA gU thI 8 BOMBAY-14. che. amada sAhiba karana (1878-1926 ) ane beda (1877-1955) jANItA adiza paraMparA jamAvanAra kavio 8 eeee 5) jaNA khudanA jaja para ja mAnanAra kAkaa 20000000000000000000000000000 0000000 TAGORE FCOTWEAR 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000 eeee Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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dakSiNa prazAMta mahAsAgaramAM laghu bhArataphijI zrI kRSNavadana jeTalI dUra sudUra pRthvInA dakSiNa goLArdhamAM 15 thI 22 paDe che. moTA bhAganA bhAratIyo savArathI sAMja sudhI zeraDInA akSAMza vacce 180 rekhAMza pAse 500thI 800 nAnA moTA khetaramAM majUrI kare che. zeraDIne pAka mukhya che. ane tenI TApuone samUha prazAMta mahAsAgaramAM Avela che. ane tene nikAsa nyUjhileMDa amerikA briTanamAM thAya che. ApaNe prazAMta mahAsAgaramAMnA ladhu bhArata tarIke oLakhI prazAMta mahAsAgaramAMnA A ramya TApuonI prAkRtika zakIe. A TApuomAMthI 100 jeTalAM ja TApuo para suMdaratA mANavA ane dhamAliyA ane ghoMghATamaya zaherI vAtAmAnava vasati che. 31mI Disembara 1966ne divase A TApu varaNathI kaMTALelA hajAre mAnave ahIM dara varSe deza paraenI kula vasati 476727 mAnavIonI hatI ane temAM dezathI ahIMnA zAMta vAtAvaraNamAM ArAma ane skUti meLa240,960 aDadhI vasati uparAMta bhAratIyonI vasati hatI vavA Ave che. phijInA mAnava vasativALA 100 jeTalA ane eTale ja ApaNe tene prazAMtanuM ladhu bhArata kahI TApuomAM sauthI moTA viTi levu (4010 cerasa mAila) zakIe. jema hiMdI mahAsAgaramAM me rezi yasa ladhu bhArata ane vastuo levu (2137 corasa mAila) che. teno kula gaNAya che tema prazAMtamAMno A "phijI" TApusamUha paNa vadhu bhUmi vistAra 7055 corasa mAila che. mULa phijIana bhAratanuM nAma sAthe kare che. bhAratIyo phijIne ramya Tapu kahe lekanI vasati be lAkhathI cheDI vadhu che. yuropiyana loko che. tenA pATanagara suvAmAM ApaNe bhAratIya nAmonA pATiyA phakta 7 hajAra jeTalA che. ane sADA pAMca hajAra cInI leka meTI dukAna para laTakatAM joIe chIe "bhANubhAI enDa phijInA TApuomAM vase che, tenA paMdareka nagaramAM pATanagara kuMpanI suvAmAM kemerA, ghaDiyALa, reDiye vagere vece che. suvAnI vasati paMcAvana hajAra upara che ane tenAthI bIjA brIjalAla enDa kaMpanI paNa eja dhaMdho kare che. garika naMbare lauTakA bAra hajAranI vasativALuM zahera che ane vakIlA hoTala bilDIMgamAM AvelI DI gokaLanI kaMpanI paNa evI pAMca hajAranI vasatinuM nagara trIjA naMbare Ave che anya ja che. "phijInuM vi. nI mathaka nAMdI AMtararASTrIya vimAna nagaronI vasati 300 thI 300 0nI vacce che. mATe suMdara moTuM badhI. sagavaDavALuM havAimathaka che. 1870 mAM pahela vahelAM bhAratane bagIcAnA mAliko majUra tarIke yuropanA lAke petAnI bhUmi choDI dUra javAnuM sAhasa phijImAM lAvyA tyAre temanI saMkhyA 481nI hatI. 1917 kare te agAu prazAMtanA sAgara kheDuo temanAM hADakAomAM thI 1930mAM bhAratIyonI saMkhyA 60,500 sudhI pahoMcI dUra dUra jaI samUhamAM judA judA TApuo para jaI svataMtra ane Aje phijInI pAMca lAkhanI vasatine aDadhA uparAMta rIte vasatAM agni eziyAnA lAke InDoneziyA dvArA phijInA bhAga bhAratIno che. nadI havAI mathaka pAse jeThAlAla trika TApuo para AvI vasyA che. evI sarva saMmata mAnyatA mane trikama sTora che. 1970mAM phijanA TApuoe AjhAdI adhikArI varganI che. A TApuonI zodha mATe kaI vyavasthita meLavI te pahelAM te 10mI okaTobara 1874thI briTiza prayatna thayA ja nahote, paNa chellI be sadImAM tenA para saMsthAne gaNatAM. ra7mI eprIla 19 rane dine phijImAM yuropanA sAhasika sAgarakheDUo pahoMcyA hatA ane A cUMTaNI thaI ane lekazAhI rAjya kathApanAe vidhipUrvaka TApuonA nAma prinsa viliyamanA TApuo, blAInA TApuo zAsana zarU karyuM. bhAratavAsIo temanI sAthe bhAratIya saMskRti ane phijIjha tarIke kALAnukrame oLakhAtA hatA. temanuM phijI sAhitya paraMparA laI jAya te ravAbhAvika che ane phijInA nAma viTi che. te apabhraMzathI phizI thayuM. pilineziyana leke leke temAM khUba rasa le che. bhAratanA leke tyAM pharIthI mAMDIne tene phizI kahetA yuropiyanoe tene phijI kahyA. I. sa. meTI kaMpanInA menejaro ane thiyeTaranA mAlika tarIke kAma 1643mAM TAsmAniyAnA zodhaka abela TAImmAnanI najare kare che. teo rajAnA divasomAM bhArata vize carcA kare che. A TApu paDayA hatA. 1074mAM kepTana ke temAnAM veTIA temanA gharamAM hiMdI bolAya che. ane rAmAyaNa gItAnA pATha TApunI mulAkAta lIdhelI 1797mAM khristI mizanarI jahAja thAya che. bhAratIyomAM moTA bhAgamAM uttara pradezanA che. gujarAtI "DaphamAM kepTana virAne uttara lo TApuo zodhyA 1789mAM vepArIo paNa tyAM sArA pramANamAM che. phIjInA suvA nAMdA bAunTI baMDa pachI kepTana blAIe A TApuonI noMdha lIdhI. vagere zaheranA bajAromAM hiMdI, tamiLa, urdU, mULa phijI 1791mAM pharIthI kepTana blAIe "previDansa" jahAjamAM vAsIonI bAMmihama ane cInI bhASAne khIcaMDa zravaNe AvI bIjA vadhu TApuo zedhyA 1820mAM raziyana sAgara nA nAma viTa che kALAnukrame , puo, belA tyAM pheravI Jain Education Intemational ation Intermational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 laneziyana ane ane temanI AgavI sAmA- : 0mAM moTA pramANamAM kheDu phebiyana beliMga hAusa ne vadhu TApuonI noMdha lIdhI. khAMDa, koparela, senuM, koparA, keLAM vagerenI nikAsa kare che. ogaNIsamI sadImAM yuropanA eka vepArI sukhaDanA lAkaDAnI phijInA vikAsa mATe paMcakarSiya yojanAmAM 1970 sudhI 2 zodhamAM A TApuo para AvI caDaye hate. phijInI daMta karoDa pAunDanI rakama kharcavAnI jogavAI kavA mAM AvI hatI. kathA anusAra mahAna saradAra luhuna sebe selA tenA mANase phijInA mukhya udyoga khAMDanI mIle, senAnI khANo ane sAthe prathama vakhata A TApuo para AvyA hatA. ahInI kaparAmAMthI koparela tathA koparA khamaNa- che, phijI nI trIH mULa pilineziyana ane melAneziyana jAtio bhegI thaI naMbaranI nikAsa resAnuM che. 1966mAM 112,567 sa ane temaNe gerAnA Agamana agAu temanI AgavI sAmA- zudha senuM phijInI khANoe pedA karyuM hatuM. paradezI jika vyavasthA sArI rIte vikasAvI hatI. pravAsI phijImAM moTA pramANamAM Ave che. 12 66mAM savA | phijInA prathama rAjAnuM nAma thAkamaLADa hatuM. teNe paMdara lAkha pAunDanI Avaka pravAsIo dvArA thaI hatI. sane 1837mAM ghaNu TApu para kabajo jamAvI rAjya sthApavAne 1996mAM phijImAM 586 prAthamika zALAo 60 AraMbha karyo yuddha. yuddhamAM vijayI banavA A loko rAjabhakta mAdhyamika zALAo, traNa zikSakonI tAlImI kolejo ane lekamAMthI cheDAne mArI nAkhatA thAkamaLADanA pitAnuM mRtyu 3326 zikSake keLavaNI kSetre hatAM. prAthamika zALAmAM laga thatAM kartavyaniSTha putre phijInI paraMparA anusAra mAtAne gaLuM bhaga eka lAkha vidyArthIo abhyAsa karatAM hatAM. mAdhyamika dAbI mArI nAMkhI A rAjA pachI mizanarIe khristI dharma zALAomAM lagabhaga 10,000 vidyArthIo abhyAsa karatAM pracArakonI asara taLe AvyA ane khristI dharma svIkArI teNe hatAM. 1967mAM kula vidyArthIonI saMkhyA eka lAkha ATha pitAnuM nAma benejara rAkhyuM hatuM. teNe zAMtipriya ane hajAra pAsenI hatI. vasatinA lagabhaga 25 TakA phijImAM bhalA rAjA tarIke kIti meLavI hatI. khristI dharma pracAra mAnavajIvana para vAtAvaraNa ane kudaratI paristhitinI asamATe aMgrejo temane koka, kaTa, penTa vagere kapaDAMnI lAlaca rane abhyAsa karavA yunee eka samiti racI che. (1975) ApatA hatA. samaya jatAM AvAM kapaDAM nI taMgI AvI ane dhama pracArako AdivAsIone temanA 9. jhabhA ApatA phijInA mukhya TApuomAM viTivu, vastuo levuM, tene "sulu' nAma apAtuM hatuM. strIone " sulu' paga sudhI vAlau, kaDavulekA, venu A balAlu, naTulele, levukA vagere che. lAM hoya che. phijInA lokomAM keza gUMthavAnI kalA khIlI ane darekanI kAMIka viziSTatA hoya che. meTA TApuomAM ane che. teo vividha rIte vALa oLavAnI spardhAo je che. suvA nAMdI vageremAM sArI hoTalo che. lau TakAthI sigATIkA vacce zeraDInA kSetro mATe sAutha pesiphika sugara milasa mata relave 1840thI 1871 sudhI phijamAM mAMtara viha cAlyo musApharI pUrI pADe che. senAnI khANa jevI hoya te tamAre ane 1853 sudhImAM koI pakSane nizcita vijaya thayo nahi. vahukalA javuM joIe. nAnA TApuo ane gAmamAM tamArA kijanA rAjAe chevaTe ame rakana jahAna brAuna viliyamanI utArA mATe nAnA ghara- koTeja ke BirdsnI sagavaDa hoya che. sAthe vATAghATo karI. amerikAe A TApuo svIkAryA nahi AvI sagavaDa lamI, nabautinI, haibA, siMgAToga, kerelevu kijI TApuonI sattA briTiza sAmrAjyane soMpAI ane phijI vageremAM che. bura -phijImAM jhuMpaDI che. pazu temAM badhI Adhu10 mI okaTobara 1874 thI briTananuM sa sthAna banI gayuM nika - gavaDa hoya che. meke' phijInuM dezI nanya che. hatuM 1970mAM AjhAdI prApta thayA bAda phijImAM phakta mAra TakA yuropiyana che ane teo UMcA hoddAo para che. phijInuM vimAnI mathaka nAnI pATanagara suvAkSa kavInsa roDane rakta 113 mAIla dUra che, athavA nAndIthI suvA 113 savAso varSa agAu phijI TApuo Adamakhora nara mAIla dUra kahI zakAya. nAndI vimAnI mathake badhI moTI bhakSI gaNAtAM tyAMnA AdivAsIo bahAra thI AvelA ne pakaDI AMtararASTrIya vimAnI sevAo era lAisanA vimAne Ave mArI nAMkhI, rAMdhI khAI jatA paNa have phijI sudharelA sabhya che. phijI eravejha vimAnI kapanI phijImAM suvA, labAsA, saMskArI deza che. 1966mAM phijInuM rAjya baMdhAraNa amalamAM sahusavuM, tanI vagere TApuo para laI jaI zake che temaja AvyuM ane 36 sabhyane cUMTI temAM 4 ekasa ophisiye gIlabarTa ane elisa TApuo, nyuhebaIDisa, samoA, selesabhya umerI 40 sabhyonI lejharale TIva kAunsIla dhArAsabhA mana TApuo ane TevA rAjya sAthe vimAnI saMbadhethI banI 9 bhAratIya sabhya A dhArAsabhAmAM beDako dharAve che. sAMkaLe che. phijInA vaDA pradhAna ratu sara kamisesa mArA che. briTananI phijInuM pATanagara suvA viralevu TApunA agnikoNe mahArANInA pratinidhi gavarnara janarala ratu sara peja - dariyA kinAre AveluM che. tenI vasati 54000nI che te kakelI che. haLavA udyogo ane dezI prajAo dharAvatuM zahera che. tADa, phijInuM moTuM paradezI grAhaka briTana che te pachI ame- nAriyeLIo ane phUlethI te suMdara banyuM che. suvAnuM vimAnI rikA, osTrelIyA, kenADA ane nyUjhilenDa phijI paradezamAM mathaka zaherathI 14 mAIla dura tau sArI che. suvAthI be gherI Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha mArgA dakSiNa pazcima taraphanA kavInsa roDa ane uttara pUrvanA kiMgsa roDa khAMDa udyoganA kendra lau TAkAne pharI vaLe che. baMne mAae dainika basa sarviMsa paNa cAle che. lauTAkA nAndIthI 17 mAila dUra che. suvAmAM meka Arthara sTrITasa ane vikaToriyA pareDane khUNe phiTanA mulAkAtIe mATe mAhitI sahAya kacerI che. A kacerI vahANunI sevA paNa Ape che.temAM eka ane pAsTa ephisa paNa che. suvAmAM sAta khristI sapradA ceAnA devaLe che. vaDodarA eka eka aroDAnI zAkhA paNa svAmAM kAma kare mArkasa raTrITa ane Teva sTrITane khUNe kavIna elijha.methaDrAiva para AvelA purnAmenTa hAusanA cAkI dara cha kalAke ( jI pelisa ane phijI lazkarI daLa vArApharatI kare che. A pheraphAra vakhate thatI lazkarI kuca jovA jevI hoya che. dara zukravAre 5-30 vAgyAthI kavIna elijhA betha kharAka pAse phijI lazkarI eMDanuM saMgIta sAMbhaLavA loko bhegA thAya che. voTara-kIiMga ane skInaDAiviMga tathA mAchalI pakaDavA mATe TiviTiva' leAMca haeNTa TrAvela sarvisa dvArA cAle che. suvAmAM pAMca sinemA yeTaro che. phijI ArTIsa kalaba koi koI vakhata nATaka paNa bhajave che. dara varSe sapTe. mbaramAM hibiskasa utsava ujavAya che. temAM badhI jAtanI prajAe bhAga le che. ane hibiskasa putara kAMdhA yAta che. judAM judAM suMdara dekhAvAvALA phaloTa banavI tenA vADA nIkaLe che. che. vikaToriyA pareDamAM golDana Dra gana mere nRtyo rAtanA 8 thI savAranA e sudhI sAmathI zukravAre ane zanivAre madha rAta sudhI ceAAya che. suvAnI mATI grAMDa pesiphika hATalamAM 80 vAtAnukulita khaMDo che temaja taravA mATe rivamiMga pUla che ravA ane phejInA smaraNa cihno kAcaLAnI DhAlanuM kAma, kAvA vATakA, nAriyeLanI kAcalI vastu, narabhakSInA kAMTrA-goDanuM phrA vagere hathiyAro vage2e che. sITI mArakeTamAM vividha vastuenA kharIdanArA ane vecanArA vividha raMgI dezI paradezI vezabhuSAmAM jovA maLe che ane bhAratIya sADIovALI sannArIo paNa tyAM dekhAya che tathA vividha bhASAe sAMbha LavA maLe che. kakAo mAnA khUNe suvA Tenikala vanaspati udyAnamAM vividharaMgI vicitra phUlo ane vRkSavelAo jovA maLe tenI vacamAM phijI myujhiyama AveluM che. temAM AdivAsIe e anAvelI vividha vastuo tathA narakSIyuddha, vividha prakAranA zakha chIpalAM vagere vhevA maLe che. niyAgarA ane matuA sTrITane pUNe suvA hAra lAiTasa ekaveriyama mAchalIgRha Avelu che. temAM vividhara'gI ane vividha AkAranI mAchalIo, za khAchIpA ane samudrIjIvana jovAnI majhA paDe che. zaherathI traNa mAila dUra lamavuA jaLAzaya parathI suvAnuM rhiMgAvalokana thai zake che. semeTarI gArDansa smazAna bAga phUlA, cheDa, vRo ane nAriyeLI tADA vagerenA suMdara bagIcA banyA che. nubukalau krIka pAse kurmiMga sTrITamAM vividha ajaba vastu 777 enu bajAra che. ane tenI mulAkAta levI jarUrI che. suvAthI keTalAka nausArI ane meTI TevA nadI tarapha zaheranI dhamAlathI dura pharavA jAya che ane nausesarIthI AgaLa verATA gAmaDu jue che, ane priMsa reDa dvArA jaMgalamAMthI jaLAzaya bAjuthI pAchA phare che. phijInA ja gaaAmAM jherI sApeA nathI keTalAka 35 mAIla dura devulA dariya kinAre divasa gALa che ane bircakAmbara hoTalamAM jame che. suvAthI savAre nava vAge cainalAkAzI jai tyAthI hADImAM vula'gI gAmamAM phijI rItarivAjo nRtyA gItA jovA sAMbhaLavA tathA tyAMnI phaO prajAnuM mATIkAma kuMbhArI cAkaDA vinA paththara ane lAkaDIthI mATImAMthI banAvelI kArIgarInI cIne jaDA jai zakAya che. phijInA lAkaDAnA tagArAne lAlI kahe che. kAcanA taLiyAvaLI hADI mAMthI paravALA bagIcAnI suMdara vidharaMgI AkRtiovALI TekarIo samudramAM jovAnI majhA paDe che UlU ane ulUTU meTara lAMcA khAsa kAcanA taLiyA vALI banAvavAmAM A ha che. nyu sAuthavelsa beMkanI chaLanA dariyA kinAre te ravivAra, maMgaLavAra ne guruvAre savAre nava vAgye sadraviDara karavA phUTe che. phiTanA mULa vasanArAnuM ane hA TropikAnA javAya che. skriDAI limi phaMDa 2. sthA tamane tenA mAraphITa ke paMdara phITanI phAIbara glAsanI be saMcAlita hADIthI ane sara MjAmamI skIna kaga mA lAIMga ! ramato zikhavADe che. veTara spriMIMga mATe nukumAzerikA TApu (macchara TApu )mAM A saga anya skina DAiviMga mATe tAlukA, teberuA ane rAma maLe che, paNa kalArka e pAunDa yurIkAmAM. ta DuMgI gAmamAM tame jAva tyAre tamAruM bhAge che. svAna gIrI thAya che. pa. tamane salu satru-lau-phUlAnI bheTa sAthe gAmanA vaDo ujANInA jhUpaDe laI jAya che. tyAM cAkAnA (kAvA ) dhi thA che ane tame giti--phijIyana uktIo bhAga lai zake cothI pAchA pharatAM tamArA kAnamAM phijIana gIta IMsA hai nA sUre gRhA karaDo yokonA pINuM AlkAhAla vinAnuM che. nazA karanAruM nathI. A vidhi pachI AdivAsI strIonuM 'sI sI nRtya ane phijIyana bhAlA nRtya thAya che. vaDa che. nukulomAM kAvA-I-kelekelA-ba: vAghe pachI vhelane dAMta tathuA karalasIne bheTa caDAvAya che. 80 phUTa UMcA nAriyeLAnA jhADa para caDavAnA prayega, TopalIo ane sAdaDI enu vaNATa kAma jevAno lahAvo tathA nAriyeLInuM dudha pIvAnI majhA phrijInA TApuo para maLe che. phijInA lokone vatamIe ne ArAma ane manoraMjana priya che. phijhanI lagna prathA vicitra che. lagnamAM varapakSa taraphathI kanyApakSanA ki ne koi mANasa sigAreTa pIvA mATe Ape che. tarata ja tenA badalAmAM kanyApakSa tarapha eka sigareTanA

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778 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 va pANI pANI paNa dhA nA lokoe, thala tene vividha rIte loko tenA ane sI ddha ane AkhI DabI varapakSane bheTa tarIke apAya che. A hoDamAM che. lukAlA TApu para rahetA eka deva para kheMgAmAM rahetI pAchA na paDAya mATe varano eka saMbaMdhI pitAnuM khamIsa devIne prema thayo. te premI mATe yAvAM mAchalI laI lukAlA utArIne kanyAnA saMbaMdhIne Ape che. A le de -- na TApu tarapha uThI. mavAnA gAma para UThatAM tenI TopalInI AdAna pradAnane vidhi lAMbo samaya sudhI cAle che. mAchalIone eka tRSAtura vRddha pANI mAnyuM. vRddha pANI bega TApupara ghaNA varSo agAu nava kauleze parvatIya mATe vinaMtI karI bUma pADI paNa devI te ne gaNakArI nahi gAmamAM savAI jAtinA leka rahetA hatAM tyAM ke de nAmane tethI vRddha eka kaho choDanI DALa tenA para phekI ane tethI eka prakhyAta vArtA - kathAkAra rahetuM hatuM. lake tenI vArtA TopalI tUTI ne mAchalIo verAI gaya. ApI devI khuba sAMbhaLavA badala tene vividha bheTo ApatA. eka divase tene raDI ane tene hAMsuthI sarovara bharAyuM ane hajuye temAM leoe pUchayuM ke kevI bheTa tene gamaze tyAre teNe kahyuM. mAchalI e rahe A sarovara kI sukAtuM nathI. A vRddhanA tamane AvatI kAle zikAra karatAM pahela je jaDe- maLe te vaMzajanI paravAnagI levA yAmenA vidhi kare paDe che. sarolAvaje. tuInA vikalinA nAmanA eka ddhAne mAchImAranA vara kaDhI sukAtuM nathI. A vRddhanA vaMzajanI paravAnagI levA Ila-mAchalI jevuM kAMIka maLyuM. kAdavamAMthI tene khetI kADhatAM yAmonA vidhi karavo paDe che. sarovaramAM eka bAjuthI para teNe vAmane mAnava ravarUpa dhAraNa karI taI sAthe vAta karI. taIe ane bIjI bAjuthI strIe praveze che ane pachI upara tene deva mAnya. tuI tene dra drA ne bheTa ApavA icchatA hate AvatI mAchalIonI ujANI pasaMda karelI yuvatIo sAthe paNa A deve tene agni para sattA bakSI ane tene garama yuvAne vagere sAthe kare che. A vidhi mAvanA gAma ane lAba paththaro para cAlI- calAvI batAvyuM chekA TApu para hAjI masAme sarovaramAM amuka samaye ja tho hovAthI joi zakAya paNa sevA jAtinA leke agni tata paththaro para vagara ijAe che. paNa te durlabha . cAlavAne praveza kare che. ane ATha varSanA bALakathI mAMDI kuMduvu TApunA namunA gAmamAM amuka vakhate badhI pacAsa varSanA vRddha jarAye AMca AvyA vinA agni kumArakAe eka gIta gAya che. ane A gIta sAMbhaLavA parathI cAle che. bArathI paMdara phUTa vyAsane gALa cAra phuTa UMDe kheDA karI temAM vidhi pahelAM 6 thI 8 kalAka kAcabAo pANImAMthI upara Ave che. meTa lAkaDAnuM thaDiyuM cerAvAya che. ane samaya thatAM masI athavA tapa nAmanuM vRkSanI chAlanuM kApaDa pepara e dharmaranI saradArI taLe raMgIlA veze agni para cAla- malabarI zetunnA vRkSanI AMtara chAlamAMthI banAvAya che. A nArA lAMbA lIlI lAkaDIo para velA bAMdhelA laI Ave che chAlane vaccethI upaselA goLa Tebala para dhekAthI jhUDIne tenI ane tapelAM paththaromAMthI lAkaDuM chUTuM pADe che. te vakhate pAMca iMcanI pahoLAI vistArI pAtaLuM 20 IMca pahoLuM teo "e-vulo - vule' maMtroccAra kare che. bIjuM eka vastra banAvAya che. tene raMgavAmAM paNa Ave che. paNa ghaNuM pharna vRkSanuM lAMbu thaDiyu" - vAkA-- ba la - bAlA- khADA para kharuM tene kudaratI sapheda raMganuM rAkhavAmAM Ave che A beTanI sUcanAnu kAra mUkAya che. AmAM agnideva vase nAnAnuM I- rA Ta pa viTi levunI uttara pUrvanA khUNe che. agni para cAlanAro netA - dharmaguru beTe buTu-e Ave che. ahIM pila milara senDoDa mAchalIo pALI che. bUma pADe che. eTale saMtAyelA badana para cAlanArA eka A mAchalIo 45 ratalI hoya che. paNa pila milara pAse hAramAM goThavAya che, vAkAbAlA -bAlA dura karavAmAM Ave che te bhojana karavA Ave che ane tene thAbaDIne te khavaDAve che. ane badhAM eka hAra agni parathI pasAra thAya che. chevaTe pANI taLe phaTAyApha levA e Treliyana lenakope ane tenI vidhi pUro thatAM tapelAM paththaro para ghAsa ane pAna homAya patnI vAne A mAchalIonI sAthe ramata ramI tenI philama che. ane gIta gavAya che. agnivALA khADAmAM vAsIlI mULa * utArI che. yAnA TopalAM nAMkhI tene cAra divasa mATIthI DhAMkI devAya che. cAra divasa pachI baphATelAM mULiyAM tAro --pravAhImAM A mAchalIo vize paNa eka daMtakathA che. be premI . rAMdhIne agni para cAlanArA khAya che. bega TApu A vidhi premIkAe lIdhelI jaLasamAdhimAMthI temane matsyadeva daphavALAe mATe phijImAM prakhyAta che ane ghaNA loko A vidhinA samaye bacAvI matsya rUpa ApyuM. nAnAnu--- rAnI mAchalIo A tyAM jevA jAya che. gujarAtamAM hoLInA samaye AvA prayogo retInI rANI adinuku ane tenA premI yuAnA yuvAna sarasineramAM (vaDodarA jillo) thAya che. dAranA malyAvatAranI vaMzajo che. la samuhanA TApuomAM uttara vanuA balADunI TekarI phijInI bIjI eka vidhi tabuA.vahelanA dAMtanI kekarI para masama sarovara che. A junA javAlA mukhInuM dvAra bheTanI che. 150 varSa agAu buA lAkaDAne sArI rIte poliza lAge che. tene dariyA sAthe saMbaMdha nathI. A sarovaramAM karI vahelanA dAMta je AkAra apAto hato. tene buAtA vividha mAchalIo thAya che temAM 15 zera vajananI yAvA kahetA pachI tenA jevA helanA dAMtane vepAra thavA lAgyA. mAchalI paNa hoya che. A mAchalI vize paNa eka daMta kathA ane "tabu' eTale pavitra ema te dAMta tabuA kahevAtA Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha lAge pAMca iMcane A dAMta je 16 'sanA vajanane phijI TApuonI samRdidha bhAratIone AbhArI che. hoya te te ba Adara pAtra gaNAya che. jema ApaNe keTa- tene kAryadakSa vahIvaTa aMgrejone AbhArI che. phijI "dakSiNa lAka leke jamaNA zaMkhane pUjya ane zukaniyALa gaNe che prazAMta sAgaranuM A laghu bhArata" kudaratanA zAMta vAtAvaraNane tema A tabuA 1 bheTa dharavI te ma Tu mAna ApyA barAbara IcchatA zaherI ane vikRta saMskRtinA dhamadhamATathI kaMTALelA che. tabuA paraMparAnI dRSTie nANAM karatAM vadhu kiMmatI che. loko mATe zAMti ane ArAma ApatuM sthaLa che. suvAmAM tene nAriyeLanI kAthImAM guMthavAmAM Ave che ane DAbA hAthamAM temaja bIje dAgu karamukta cIja vecAya che. chatAM A meghadAMta ane jamaNA hAthamAM kAthInI dorI rAkhI bheTa vidhi thAya vArInA bhAratIya jIvana karatAMye phijInuM jIvana ca hIMnI sarache. A bheTa vidhi vakhate "va, eI, eI' e turivaki khAmaNImAM sastu nathI tyAMnI kamANImAM te bhale sastu haze. tabuA maMtra vaDila bole che. pachI tabuA vidhi mATe te tenI nArIyeLIeAnA vRkSonI chAyAmAM ucharatI dharatI manahara kamunagA' gaNAya che ane uparokta zabda maMtroccAra pachI AkarSaNa pedA kare che. tene pragaTa karI ApavAmAM Ave che te zubhecchA ane AziSanuM pratika che. to AnI bheTa vakhate A panAra pravacana kare -9909000000000000000000000000000000 che. pachI te nara te le che. svIkAre che ke nahi te mATe jarA thele che. huM te svIkAranAra te svIkAre che. pachI bheTa ApanAra bole che. "ayuvurA" huM pAcho karUM chuM.' ane loke manajI lakSamIdAsa ThakarAra tene "IehA" kahe che. pachI svIkAranAra AbhAra vyakta karatA zabdo bole che. AvA tabuA phijImAM ghaNA yuropiyanane amArI khANanA porabaMdarI patthara maMdira kAma ghera jovA maLe che. mATe pILA patthara lAIma sTonanA vepArI. 0000000000000 AvA vicitra rivAjo dharAvatI A prajA Aje suvA jevA nagaromAM Adhunika raheNI karaNIthI rahe che ane suvAmAM cItalAka-porabaMdara ( gujarAta ) aneka kArakhAnAM paNa sthApAyAM che. 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 phAyare kasa 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 2000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 ApanA rakSaNa mATe sarva zreSThanAma bhAratabharamAM sauthI vadhu vecANa myunisipAlITInA kAyadA pramANe ophIsa, dukAna, goDAuna kArakhAnA vageremAM "phAyarekasa jarUrI che kuMvarajI devazInI kAM. prA. lI. muMbaI, dilhI, madrAsa 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000008 Jain Education Intemational

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780 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 paDa jIvana ghaDayuM' e zilpIte anubhava taNA e TAMkaNe pugala mATIne pADe caDAvyeA cAkaDe e cAkaDo pharatA rahe nizadina tRSNA tAMtaNe AkAra vikAre e bhame jagata brahmAMDanA mAcaDe, -- acala ' Ara. bhogIlAla prAIveTa lI. bhAvanagara-nA saujanyathI tAra : MASTERMILL phona na. : 3243 dhI mAsTara silka milsa prAIveTa limiTeDa bhAvanagara Jain Education Intemational saurASTranI agragaNya mIlanI suMdara, AkarSaka ane raMgaberaMgI jAtA TerIvIskosa saTI ga, TerIvIskosa sADI, TApheTA, breAkeDajha, sATIna, parameTa esITeTa sATIna phalAvara vagere mAsTara phemIsa vApare te vAparavAmAM TakAu che. mAsTara mIlanI uparanI badhIe jAtA mAsTara mIlanI rITeila zaiApamAMthI maLaze. sthaLa : mAsTara milsa pAse, mAsTara mIla rITeila zepa menejIMga DIrekaTara maNIkalAla bhogIlAla zAha

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dakSiNa hiMdI mahAsAgara no suMdara "bhArata deza morizasa *rsian zrI kRSNavadana jeTalI skUlanI nakazApathImAM AvelA duniyAnA nakazAmAM vize lakhyuM che "merizasa zuM TApu che ? e te devatAo hiMdI mahAsAgaramAM TapakAM rUpe eka TApu darzAvela che, te vizALa jalarAzi para to mUkelo bagIco che." meri. ApaNA bhArata dezanuM atyaMta nAnuM pratIka che. bhAratanI chabI zasa ! ja dIna jvAlAmukhI dvArA nirmANa thayela hovAthI che. lagabhaga dakSiNa 2 akSAMsa ane 55 rekhAMza para saptaraMgI che. enA vize eka lekakathA pracalita che ke sUrya AvelA A TApunI AjhAdImAM bhAratIya lokoe bhAga lIdhe bhagavAnane cAlatAM cAlatAM thAka lAge ane ArAma karavAnI che ane mahAtmA gAMdhIjI ke tyAMnA bhAratInI sthiti icachA thaI. je sthAna para cho rahe tyAM te kema ArAma sudhAravA berisTara DokaTara maNIlAlane tyAM mokalyA hatA. karI zake ! tyAM badhuM baLI jAya. tethI nAradajIne jyAM jIva 1968nA mArcanI 12 tArIkhe AjhAda thayela A dezanA na rahetA hoya te nI suMdara jagyA zodhavA mekalyA. ane te vaDA pradhAna De. zivasAgara rAmagulAma che. pro. vizudayAle e zeAdhatA nAradajI marizasa AvyA. ahIM zamAheba nAme eka dezamAM hiMdI bhASAne pAye majabUta karyo che. 700 cerasa sthAne surya bhaga pAna ArAma karyo ane tyAM temanA rathanA sAta mAIla A deza mADAgAskarathI pAMca mAIla ane gheDAnAM pagalAMthI jamIna saptaraMgI banI gai. morizasamAM sApa AphrikAnA pUrva kinArAnI savAhajAra mAIla dUra che te vIMchI jevA bhayAnaka jIvajaMtu nathI. ahIM pahelAM relave laMbAImAM cAlI samAI ane pahoLAImAM trIsa mAIla che hatI. paraMtu tenI jarUra na lAgatAM have badhA vyavahAra basa ane tenI vastI 8 lAkha che, temAM 67 TakA bhAratIya lekenA ane mArA dvArA A ve che. tyAM peTrola ane Teko ApaNA vaMzaja che ane pa3 TakA hiMduo che. tyAM parI taLAvanA bhArata karatAM ya ba sastAM paDe che. ane rastAo khUba sarasa zivamaMdira AgaLa dara varAtrIe meTo meLo bharAya che che. meharazasa ( kula pa ca zahero che, temAM pArTa lUi TApu ane parI taLAvamAMthI kAvaDa dvArA lAvelA pavitra jaLathI dezanI rAjadhAnI che ane te udyoga vepAranuM kendra temaja bhagavAna zaMkaranI pUjA thAya che. A TApu para muMba- sAruM baMdara che phreMca gavarnara mahA-da lAbue 18mI sadImAM ithI era iDiyAnA vimAna dvArA sADA pAMca kalAkamAM tenA A zahera vasAvyuM ane kuca rAjA ( codamAnA nAma plesa havAI mathake pahoMcI zakAya che. 'mira mAraphata sAthe tene jeDAyuM. pArTI nagaranuM zAsata 100 varSa jUnI AphrikA thaIne tyAM javAya che. tyAMnA ane bhAratanA samayamAM nagarapAlikA kare che. A nagaramAM bhAratIya, cInI, ke 'ca tathA doDha kalAkano phera che. A dezanuM-TApunuM nAma morizasa che aMgrejI saMskRtione subhaga saMgama dekhAya che. tyAMnI saDakanAM ane tenA nAma sAthe rAmane suvarNa mRga banI lalacAvanAra ke je nAme, pipa henesI TrIka ane purANu AkarSaka lAkarAkSasa mArIcanI kathA joDAI che. rAme mArI tIra mArI DAnAM banAvelAM ghare ne page jANe ke kRca kasbAmAM ghAyala karyo, tyAre teNe rAmano AbhAra mAnyuM ke temanA hoie evo bhrama pedA thAya che. garapAlikA pAse sacivAhAthe thanAruM tenuM mRtyu saubhAgya gaNAya ane haMmezA rAmanuM layanI purANI ImArata che ane tenI pAchaLa lokasabhAnI nAma jyAM saMbhaLAtuM rahe tyAM tene AtmA vase evuM vara- Adhunika ImArata che. ke dayA nA medAnamAM joDAdoDanI dAna mAMgyuM. rAme tenA zabane hAtha lagADatAM te matI banI spardhA-resa thAya che. A medAnanI pAse morizasa AryasabhA gayuM ane e motIne rAme dakSiNanA dariyAmAM pheMkayuM. tyAM bhavana che ane temAM DI. e. vI. koDe. ja cAle che. I. sa. te vistarIne khetI samAna TApu bane te mArIca deza- 1935mAM merizasanA bhAratIya leka e temanA 1835 thI morizasa. morizasamAM bhAratIya loko rAmAyaNano pADa kare che. thayela merizasa AgamananI zatAbdI ujavI tyAre AryasabhA bahAra eka smAraka paNa banAvyuM Aya sabhAthI eka pharloga merizasamAM eka kahevata che ke bhagavAne pitAne hAthe dara viSNu kSetra maMdira che, je purANA samayanuM che. ahIM prathama A TApunI racanA karI ane tenA AdhAre svarga rahyuM. minAkSI maMdira che. saMta lUI carcanuM makAna paNa jovAlAyaka morizasanA rASTrakavi samAna zreSTha kavi robarTa eDavarDa hArTa che. uparAMta ahIM muslimenI majIda temaja cInI pegaDA (janma 17 ogasTa 1891) e phenca kAvyamAM rizasa paNa che. pirTa luimAM loko "ca, cInI kroola, aMgrejI, Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 hindI tathA bhejapurI bhASAo bolatA saMbhaLAya che. kriola kora da' gAde nAmano uMcA pahADa che ane suraja AthamatAM merizasanI bhASA gaNAya che, bhAphrikAnA gulAma sAthe phreMca te gulAba jevo lAla lAge che. merizasanI ghaNI kharI leke vAta karavA je bhASA vAparatA temAMthI ja nipajI che. sAMskRtika pravRttio rajha hilanA plAjhA thiyeTaramAM thAya che. paNa temAM hAla kuM ca ane Aphrikana uparAMta hidI cInI vidyArthInIo mATenI prathama sarakArI koleja kavIna elijhAane aMgrejInuM sArA pramANamAM mizraNuM thayuM che. cArsa betha koleja pAse ja che. bhAratIya sADImAM sajaja yuvatIo "jhAke kriola bhASAmAM "risAITa dila' pustaka lakhyuM, ahIM jovA maLe che. temAM lekagIta - lakhAyAM che ane gavAya che. De. kayUre e I. sa. 1936mAM pitAnA pravacanamAM A bhASA prathama kayupipa merizasanuM kAzmIra gaNAya che ane tyAM pahoMcatAM raste be nagaro Ave che. vAtre ane vAkavA. piorTa vAra vAparI. prasiddha ke nca navalakathA "pila ane varajina nA lekhaka banAde meM gere merizasa ane peTa laIne nava- udanI AgAhI muMbaInI bahevA jevI che. tenAthI dura lakathAnI pazcAda bhUmikA tarIke upaga karyo che. pelaInuM jatAM ThaMDInuM pramANa vadhe che. kavAge bona cAlIsa hajAranI vastIvALuM nAnuM zahera che ane vAvAnI vastI nA zire 4pa, kSetraphaLa 16 corasa mAI ane vastI doDha lAkhanI che. 1854 mAM atre kelerA phATI nIkaLatAM romana kethalika pAdarI Do. 000nI che. keca bhASAmAM vizeSa prakAranA vRkSane "vAkavA' para lAvAle lekenI khUba sevA karI hatI, tenI yAda rUpe kahe che ane ahIM evA vRkSo khuba che. A vRkSanA pAna mAMthI zAkabhAjI kharIdavAnI TopalIo banAvAya che vAkavA ahIM smAraka racAyuM che ane sapTembara mAsamAM dara varSe meTo meLo bharAya che, jemAM badhA dharmanA loko ekaThA thAya | mAM ramatagamatanI pravRttio vizeSa cAle che. kuTa bola ahIM nI ati lokapriya ramata che. che. sara viliyama nyUTana sTAramAM prAcIna graMthanuM saMgrahAlaya che ane so varSa purANI A ImAratamAM 18mI sadImAM keca cAre bAju hariyALIthI chavAyeluM, lAkaDAnA yuropIya nATaka kaMpanIe nATaka bhajavyAM hatAM. pa8 luInI pAse DhabanA baMgalA ane UMcA ,kAnAne gherI letA suMdara bAgemorizasane vikhyAta udyAna pAmmalaimura che. A sthaLa lAbu- vALa, kapipa nagara plensa viDDamsa ji9lAnuM sauthI vadhu dee pitAnA nivAsa mATe kharIdyuM hatuM. ahIM ghaTAdAra vRkSo U cAI para AveluM kAmIra samuM suMdara nagara che. tenI kalothI bharapura velAonI kuMja, nirmaLa pANInuM sarovara, vasatI pa0,000nI che. kaca ane jI lokone A sthaLa satAM pape ane dimata karatI kaLIe darzA kAnuM mana harI piArTa laI karatAM vadhu gamyuM hatuM. yupiMpamAM kAleja temaja le che. A bAganI racanA piyera puebe deza paradezathI choDa bIjI le che ane tenA kaMca zailInA TAuna hola sAme aDAvIne karI hatI. A bAganA hAranI kalAkRti laMDananA pAla ane harIjana"nI pratimA che ahI eka vanaspati vizva-pradarzanamAM puraskRta thaI hatI. A bAgamAMnAM liyenAra udyAna paNa che. kayupaMpamAM traNa phuTa UMDuM ane 200 mAraka para judAM judAM chADa caDane vRkSo maMgAvI maideda karanA- {Ta pahoI javALAmukhInuM mukha che. paNuM have te zAMta thaI ranAM nAme kAtaryA che. A bAgamAM TAlIpATa pAmanI vRkSa gayuM che. para 100 varSe phUla Ave che ane phUla AvyA bAda te vRkSa karamAIne nAza pAme che. kavAtre benanI pazcime bleka rivara parvatta mALA che ane tenI taLeTImAM bleka rivara jillo che. ahIM eka moTuM piTa luI baMdara pRSThabhUmimAM mokA parvatamALA che. khAMDanuM kArakhAnuM che dakSiNa tarapha maTuM medAna che temAM be tenI bIjI bAju parvata pAchaLa mekA jille Avelo che. ji9lAo che. grA-pirTa tathA savAne jillAmAM zeraDInI pedAza je araba pradezamAMthI ahIM sau prathama kephInAM bI lAvavAmAM khUba hovAthI atre 10 jeTalI khAMDanI mIlo che. savAmAM AvyAM hatAM te parathI tenuM nAma rakhAyuM che. A jillAmAM cA paNa uge che. grAM pATa nI pUrva dizAmAM morizAsanuM havAI cAre bAju zeraDInAM khetaro AvelAM che. ahIMthI pazcima mathaka palejAsa che. merizasa zeraDIne deza che. zahera pUruM dizAmAM AgaLa vadhatAM ApaNe plensa vihemsa ji9lAmAM thatAM zeraDInA khetaromAM gAma vaselAM che. A makAna vAvApahoMcI jaIzuM. marizasanA pAMca zaheromAMnA bIjA cAra jhaDAnAM tephAnethI surakSita pAkA bAMdhelA hoya che. kapipamAM A jillAmAM che. A nagaro ekabIjA sAthe evAM saMkaLA Adhunika navI phezananA kapaDAmAM sajaja mANaso jovA maLe che. yelAM che ke jANe te ekaja moTA zaheranA vibhAgo na hoya tema lAge che. chatAM dareka nagaranI potAnI viziSTatA paNa dakSiNa merizasamAM Avela grAM - bAsAM parvatIya sarovara che. bAbAsAM ane rojhahila maLIne eka zahera banyuM che. che, jyAM morizasanuM prakhyAta zivamaMdira banyuM che. A sarebAbAsAMnI pazcime nadI kinAre eka suMdara belaphera udyAna che varane tyAMnA hindu ke parI taLAva gaNe che ane tenuM sthAna ane tenI nIce nadInuM khADImAM vahetuM pANI tathA UMcA himAlayanA mAnasarovara ane gaMgA nadI samAna manAya che. ghaTAdAra vRkSethI dazya manohara lAge che. rojhahilanI pAchaLa A sarovara vize eka kathA pracalita che. pahelAM A taLAva Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha cha83 pAse eka kaMcanuM makAInuM khetara hatuM ane eka habasI ane gopALa spandaka pAse AvI pahoMcI ane antake kAMpate sAcavate. dararoja tene koca jamInadArane nokara bhAtuM pahoM- svare temane pitAnI vItaka kathA kahI temanI rANIe kahyuM. cADate, paraMtu eka divasa e bhAtuM na AvyuM ane tethI "tuM ahIM AvI dararoja amAruM saMgIta sAMbhaLaje. paraMtu habasIne bhUkhyA rahevuM paDayuM. AvuM bIje divase paNa ba yuM. amArA viSe kaIne kAMi kahIza te tuM patthara banI jaze." tyAre trIje divase habasIne vicAra Avyo ke A makAInA te vALanI unnati thavA lAgI. dararoja te spantaka ghera bhuThThA che te huM zA mATe bhukhyo rahuM ! teNe te khAvA mAMDayA. nathI rahe ane kayAMka jAya che e jANI keTalAkane navAI sAtame divase gorA jamInadAre khetaramAM makAInA bhaThThA na lAgI tenA mA bApe A paristhitithI taMga AvI tenA lagna jotAM halasI nokarane bolAvyo. nekare DarathI kaMpIne badhI vAta lIdhAM. jAna page cAlIne javAnI hatI ane rastAmAM piTara karI. paNa gerA jamIna mAlike teNe rajA sivAya kema makAI batha pahADa para ArAma karavA thobhI antakane tenA mitroe khAdhA ema kahI tene mAryo ane tenA dAMta teDAvI tene taLA- khUba Amrara karIne rAte kyAM ja te vize pUchyuM. spAkane vamAM phekI dIdhe te habasI nidrAvaza thaze. aDadhI rAte teNe thayuM ke have apsarAo sAthe tenI maitrI jAmI che eTalo madhura saMgIta ane nupura che kAra sAMbhaLyo ane UDIne joyuM DaravAnI jarUra nathI. teNe tethI badhI vAta karI ane tarataja te aneka apasarAo svarga mAMthI taLAvamAM UtarI AvI hatI. eka jorathI dhaDAko thaye ane santaka paththara banI gayuM Aja apsarAoe habasIne joIne tenA duHkhanuM kAraNa pUchayuM paNa spataH muDIyA pahADa para pApanuM prAyazcita karI rahyo che. ane te jANI tene varadAna ApyuM ke tene pharIthI navA suMdara zamAhebanI saptaraMgI mATI vize te AgaLa kahyuM che. e dAMta Avaze ane tArA AMsuthI taLAva bharAI jaze. keTalAka mATImAM sAta nahI paNa judA judA cAlIsa raMga dekhAya che. varSo bAda pUrvamAMthI A TApu para to Avaze ane enuM ATalA badhA raMgavALI mATI duniyAmAM bhAgye ja eka jaLa pavitra gaNI devanA u 2 caDhAvaze. habasInI sthiti jagyA na maLe che. sudharatI gaI ane tene navA dAMta AvyA. te bAda trile mAhebargamAM leke ziyALAnI rajAo gALavA Ave che. gAmamAM rahenAra eka bhAratIye svapnamAM jANyuM ke e taLAvanuM jaLa pavitra che ane zivarAtrIne dine te jaLa zivajI pAse bu-be ne suMdara samudra kinAre che. samudranI sAme bAju para caDhAvavuM. AthI dara varSe zivarAtrI pahelAM dUra dUrathI beThelA siMha je lAyana parvata dekhAya che. tenI taLeTImAM loko kAvaDa laIne jaLa levA Ave che ane dhAmadhumathI strI 16mI sadImAM Daca loko AvyA hatA. vAna dera sTele 17mI puruSa, bALake bhajana gAtA kAvaDanA jaLa sAthe zivarAtrIne sadImAM jAvAthI zeraDI maMgAvI tenI khetI merIzamAM zarU divase zimaMdira para jaI pavitra jaLane abhiSeka kare che. karI hatI mAhebanA samudra taTe kAcanA tALIyAvALI hoDI AmAM pradhAna maMtrI che. zIvasAgara rAmagulAma paNa joDAya ? karI hatI mATe nA samudrataTe kAcanA taLIyA vALI hoDI che. A parI taLAvamAM eka dAnava rahe che tevI vAta paNa sAgataLanuM saudarya jovA maLe che. pracalita che. A TApu para be kudaratI sarovara che zIka grAM savane jillAnI dakSiNe samudranA taTe vasanAra suyAka vAsAM ane bIjuM vAsa blAM. A bIjuM sarovara paNa parI lokamAM ghaNAkharA mAchImAra hoya che. suyAka sAthe morizasanA taLAva pAse che. be kavione saMbaMdha che. pAla jIna ToleTa ane rabarTa eDa vaDe hArTa. hArTa TIgrI para besI kAvyo racate. suyAkathI makA parvatamALAnuM 35 phuTa UMcuM eka zikhara pITara cheDe dUra mekede nAme UMcI TekarI che. morizasanA hiMduo botha che. pITara bAtha bIjA naMbaranuM UMcuM zikhara che ane tene "mArkanDeya zilA" kahe che ane mAne che ke ahIM tenA para caDhavuM muzkela che pITara bAya eka Daca adhikArI mArkanDeya trASie tapasyA karI hatI. bleka rihara kSetra haraNanA hate. te 17 mI sadImAM marIzasa Avyo hato tenuM jahAja zikAra mATe jANItuM che. morizasanA rASTrIya nRtya segAnuM dariyAI tophAnamAM phasAI tau khADImAM tUTI gayuM. tenA A ghara manAya che. be- tAone samudra taTa patA-e pita nAma parathI khADI ane pahADanuM nAma pITara bethe paDyuM che. nAmanI mAchalIo pakaDavA mATe prasidhdha che ane teo chatAM tene vize eka bIjI lekakathA che. pantaka nAmano zevALa biza nArIyeLanA vRkSA mATe. poIsI samudra taTa naukA vihAra rAja e pahADI raste dudha vecavA jato hato. te atyaMta ane skIiganI ramata mATe mazahura che. be -- suphaleyara sthaLethI garIba hato. eka divasa te dudha vecato khUba dura jato rahyo prakRtinI suMdaratama chaTA dekhAya che. samudra para paDatAM sUrya ane pAchA pharatAM rAta paDI gaI. te haTake eka taLAva pAse kiraNathI hajAro meghadhanuSya camakI uThe che. rAunDa ane pahoMcyA ane ThaMDI havAmAM UMghI gaye. acAnaka tenI AMkhe sarapeTadvIponI AsapAsa samudranuM pANI eTaluM pAradarzaka khulatAM teNe cAre bAju anaMta rozanI joI havAmAM sugaMdha che ke samudra nI aMdaranI suMdara duniyA tyAM dekhAya che. mori. hatI ane vAtAvaraNa saMgItathI gRjatuM hatuM. apsarAo nAca- zaSane samudra kinAro se mAIla jeTalI che. ane tenA para gAna karI rahI hatI. acAnaka te thaMbhIne kAMI zodhavA lAgI aneka jAtanI chIpa ane zaMkha vagere maLe che. morizasamAM Jain Education Intemational

Page #789
784 eziyAnI bhUmikA rAye bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 tame game tyAM ho tyAMthI samudra bhAgye ja dazeka sAIla dUra prema kahAbhI che AnaMda Aveta malunI navalakathA Watch haze. manamehuka samudra taTo, I-dradhanuSa, java pradhAne A then go down prasiddha che, hiMdI mAsika "anurAga" deza che. tenI AjubAju samudra taTe aneka svarUpe samudra mArizamAM pragaTa thAya che. jevA maLe che ramatIyALa, tephAnI, zAMta gaMbhIra, jevA tenA aneka raMgo pragaTa thAya che. merizasane samudrataTa duniyAmAM , krenca navalakathAkAromAM mArela kAle mukhya che. teNe prasidhdha che. namasta" nAmaka navalakathAmAM rAma ane umAvatInA pAtro dvArA nIcalA varganuM citraNa karyuM che. A navalakathAnuM hindI senAnI lAlace aneka bhAratIya garIba lokone khAsa rUpAMtara anekavAra TelIvIjhana para rajU thAya che. karIne bihAranA loke zarUmAM merizasa laI jaI keTalAka che. viSNu dayAle " jamAnA ' nAmanuM pAkSika zarU gulAma majadura tarIke tenI pAsethI kAma letAM A parathI eka gItanI paMkti yAda Ave che. karyuM che. temaNe "merI keharIyAM" "merI baMgAlI koTharIyA" mAM potAnA bhAratanA anu AkhyA che. 1941mAM temaNe sanavA khAtara AIle rAmA, porTa luImAM hiMdI sAhitya samelana yojAyuM hatuMbhAratIya dharma, saMskRti ane hiMdI bhASAnA pracAramAM temaNe merizaehI re mirIca deza ! samAM mahatvano phALo Ape che. Ama morizasanA jIvananA dareka kSetra bhAratIya lokono paTo phALe che ane tethI mori. se gati gaIle navA zarIra! zasa hiMdI mahAsAgaramAM AveluM nAnuM bhArata gaNAya che. enI have te tyAMnA bhAratIyanI sthiti khUba sArI che. AjhAdI paNa bhAra !Ane AbhArI che ane tenA prathama vaDA dareka gAme sInemA che. vAvAjhoDAnA tophAnane lIdhe gharo pradhAna Do. zivasAgara rAmagulAma bhArata premI che. ApaNA pAkAM bAMdhelA che. hiMdI philmone ahIM sAro pracAra che. dara vaDApradhAna indIrA gAMdhInuM tyAM bhAre premapUrvaka svAgata thayuM. ravivAre hinduo Arya samAja maMdire jAya che. hoLIne hatuM. tahevAra raMgIlI rIte ujavAya che. dakSiNa bhAratane tahevAra kAvaDI paNa ahIM manAya che. temaja temane bhagavAna subrahmaNyama athavA kAtakeyanI pUjA thAya che. mahAtmA gAMdhI, tulasIdAsa 2 da00000000000000000000000000000000000000vagere bhAratIya mahApurUSenI jaya tio khUba utsAhuthI ujavAya che che. nAtAla temaja musalamAno no dhUna tahevAra paNa uja- ka vAya che. dhUnane divase kuztIo thAya che. ane tAjIyA nIkaLe che. che. merazasamAM TelIvIjhana ane reDiye para hindI, bhejapurI vecANa saMgha lI. pAlItANuM ane urdU kAryakrama paNa prastuta thAya che. | ( ji. bhAvanagara | ' merizasanI prathama aMgrejI navalakathA The Tarirts sthApana tA. 13-1-1955 nodhaNI naMbara 1120 of wild che. temAM AphrikAnA gulAma para thatA atyAcAre che zera bhaMDoLa 1,52200-00 sabhya saMkhyA 161 ane prAkRtika suMdaratA vacce eka premakathA gUMthAyelI . je anAmata phaMDa 66452-63 1950mAM kepTana hajArIsI heme rizasanA bhAratIyono itiDAsa 8 anya phaMDa 83071-5 lo. kukara caritra-lekhana mATe jANItuM che. 1955mAM vikama che | tAlukAnI jarIyate jevI ke khAMDa tela, sImenTa, sIMha rAyalalAe aMgrejI sA'tAhika "merizasa TAimsa" 8 8 kaMTrolakApaDa, kuDa, mobIla oila, ilekaTrIka meTasa. $ nu. prakAzana zarU karyuM" jayanArAyaNa rAyanA ekAMkI nATakanA che che rAsAyaNika khAtaro, sudharela, biyAraNa, jaMtunAzaka che saMgraha "When the Teuars Mingle' 1960 che davAo ane anAja vigerenuM kAmakAja kare che. bAda prasidhdha thayo. DI. nApAle berIsTara De. maNIlAlanuM che ba. ka. sabhya jIvanacaritra lakhyuM che. dIpacanda bihArIe Never good $ bye tathA A Touch of Happiness nAmanI navalakathAo che. valakathAo zuM majIdabhAI dAdAbhAI, riyAbhAI mAdhAbhAI lakhI che. asagara alInI suMdara navalakathA The Man in OM jI nAbhAI kALabhAI khoDAbhAI rAmabhAI, bacubhAI, che Hiding alaukika kalpanAzakti ane nATayAtmaka prasaMge ne 8 aNadabhAI bAlAzaMkara muLazaMkara trivedI, jerAmabhAI ? kAraNe hadayasparzI banI che. temanuM nATaka Holme Again 8 nAraNabhAI, lakhamaNabhAi hAjAbhAi bI. esa. jADejA, tathA Hell Hot Bunglow raMgabhUmi para bhajavAyAM che, zuM rAmasiMha varateja (benka pratinidhi ). udIta gopAlanI navalakathA Girl in White saraLa sarasa 8 thai. 2000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000:3 Jain Education Intemational

Page #790
smRti saMdarbha graMtha 75 bhAratIya asmitAnA sarjanane hArdika zubhecchA AtmasAdhanAnuM navanIta "huM na jaina chuM, nabauddha, na vaiSNava," na zaiva, na hindu, na musalamAna. huM te vItarAga paramAtmAne zodhavAnA mAge vicAravAvALe eka mAnavI chuM. yAtrALu chuM. Aje sau zAMtitI cAhanA kare che, paraMtu zAMtinI zodha sauthI pahelAM pitAnA manamAM ja thavI joIe " - valabha-vANI cheDA javelarI mATe (erakanDIzana rUma ) 40-42 dhanajI sTrITa muMbaI-3 Te. naM. 32195-338530 cheDA opTIkala mATe (erakanDIzana rUma ) 39-41 dhanajI sTrITa mubaI-3 Te. naM. 328434 Jain Education Intemational

Page #791
eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 phona naM. : 379358 Yin Yin Yin Yin Yin Yin Yin Yin Yin Yin Yin :Yin Yin Yin Yin Yin Yin Yin Yin Yin Yin Yin Yin Yin jyAM satya, nIti ane dharma che tyAM duniyAnI tamAma tAkAtane namavuM paDe che Yin Yin Yin Yin Yin Yin Yin Yin Yin Yin Yin Yin Yin Yun Qu Yin Yin Yin :Yin Gang Qu Gang Qu Gang Qu Gang Qu Gang Yin Yin Si Yin mesarsa amRtalAla popaTalAla enDa sansa dArUkhAnA, majhagAMva, muMbaI-10 Jain Education Intemational

Page #792
( sAviyeta raziyAmAM AvelA cha rAjyeAnu vihaMgAkana ) madhya eziyAnI jhalaka seviyeTa raziyA ane yurUpa 'DamAM vahecAyele pradeza che. madhya eziyA seviyeTa raziyAmAM AvelAM tenA keTalAMka rAyonu aneluM che. madhya eziyA atyaMta taphAvata deza / DA pradeza che. temAM duniyAnA sauthI moTAM sarovaro ane parapha AcchAdita evaresTanI hariphAi karatAM parvata zikhare che. tenA raNAM arabastAnanA raNamAMvAtA khaLatA sIsuma jevA pavana vAya che ane mAnava sarjita pRthvInI sauthI meATI nadI kArAkrama nahera tyAM de. madhya eziyA junI-purANI duniyAnA kendranu hRdaya che. yuropathI bhArata AvavAnA mArgo ahI phUMTAtA hatA madhya pUrvathI cIna ane pU`tustAna sudhI rUchALA cAmaDAM, majUra, seAnuM ane mIThuM lAdelAM UMTAnI vaNajArA A mArgo parathI pasAra thatI. mahAna rezama mAge cInathI rezamanI iyaLA--kozeTA lai pazcimI duniyAmAM musApharo jatAM ane tyAMM cInanA rezamanA udyoganuM rahasya khelatAM. yuropane mahAna musAphara mArkApelA A ro parathI pRthvI khuMdyo hatA. madhya eziyAne itihAsa rahasyamaya che. vAraMvAra duzmanoe tenA gAmane zaherone nAza karyAM hatA. paraMtu pavana badalAyA ane rAma ane pAthiyA jevI mahAna sattAone paDakAratuM kuzAna zAsana bhavyatAe pahoMcyuM, sadIo vItI ane Araba khalIphAonA senApatioe A pradeza jItI lIdhA. prAcIna jarathurastI saMskRti ane navIna muslIma saMskRtinA saMghaSa jAmyA ane phIradaustanA "zAnAmA" tu mahAkAvya ahIM gUMjI UThayuM. avisinnA, ruDakI ane uMmara khayyAma jevA mahA mAnave| A pradeze jagatane ApyA. tyAM teA mAMgAliyana ToLAnuM vAvAjheDuM A pradezamAM pharI vaLyuM. prAcIna khArAsAna bhagALyu. samarkada-pUrvanuM rAma-verAna banyuM. pachI taimuranA yuga Avyo taimure tenA lAkhaDI zAsana taLe madhya eziyAne rAjakAraNa ane saMskRtinuM kendra banAvyuM tenA pachInI sadIomAM pAA patana kALa AnyA. 19mI sadImAM madhya eziyAnA pradeza raziyA sAthe joDAyA ane tenI saMskRtinuM vikendrIkaraNa aTakayuM ujhabeka, tAjika, kIracIjha, turka mAniyana, kajhAkha ane aDhAra haitIna, zrI kRSNavadana jeTalI. soviyeTa raziyAnA rAjye madhya eziyAnI prAcIna saMskRti jALavI rahyAM che. ane sAthe sAthe pazcimI yuropIya saMskRtinA samanvaya sAdhI rahyA che. madhya eziyAnA pravAsa ApaNe tAskaMdathI zarU karIe. tAzaka'damAM ApaNA svastha vaDA pradhAna lAla bahAdura devalAka pAmyA. ane tyAM temanu' smAraka che. seviyeTa yuniyanamAM cothA nagaranuM zahera che. te ujhabekIstAna rAjyanA rAja - vastInI drasTie tAzkaMda- 1,400,000nI vastI dharAvatu dhAnI che. gheADAMka varSo pahelAM tAzakadamAM dharatIkaMpa thayA hatA ane bIjA vizvayuddhamAM beghara banelA hajAro lAne tAzaka de Azraya ApyA hatA. tethI A dharatIka'pathI hArA raziyanAne tAzaka da pratye mamatAnI lAgaNI thai AvI ane temaNe e traNa varSa tenI madade AvI dharatIka Mpe kareluM nukazAna, A prAcIna zaherane navesarathI bAMdhI dUra karyuM. navu. tAzaka da cAre bAjue vistare che. tenA navA sthApatyamAM paNa para parAnI sthApatya zailInA khyAla rAkhavAmAM Avye che. leni nanuM myujhiyama, vidyAghara, kalAmahela, khamajhA nATaka raMgabhUmi nA makAneA vagere tenI sAkSI pUre che. tAzakada jANe sthApatya kalAnuM sa MgrahasthAna banI gayuM che. kAraNa temAM gele raziyA ane yukreinanA sthapatioe pAtAnI zailI paNa bheLavI che. tAzakada sauthI moTuM madhya eziyAnuM audyogika kendra che. temAM aneka audyogika kArakhAnAM che. te vaijJAnikonu zahera che. ane temAM eka vijJAna akAdamI ilekaTrAka kampyuTara kendra, Dajhaneka sa Mzodhana sa MsthAo ane ucca zikSaNanI bIjI 19 saMsthAe 140000 vidyAthI o tAlIma le che tAzakada saMgrahasthAnenu zahera che. saMskRti bhavane, raMgabhUmi, kalAkAro, naTo, saMgItakAre temAM vase che. prakhyAta akhAra" nRtya maMDaLI paNa ahIM ja che tAzakadamAM kukeladaza ane barAka-mAnA madrasA 16mI sadInu muslIma sthApatya darzAve che. aitihAsika ane sthApatyanA smAraka mATe ujhabekIstAnanA samaraka4, mukhArA, khAvAnI autihuAsika tripuTIne

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paNa nIrakhavI joi e. samarakaMda ane mukhArAnA nAmathI ApaNane phArasI kiva hAphijhanI prakhyAta zera yAda Ave che, temaNe kahyuM hatuM. te tenA agara A tuke zIrAjhI badasta Arada dile mArA akhAle hiMduvaza bakhzama samarakando khukhArA rA. jo te zirAjI turka mAruM hRdaya jItI le kALA talanA khadalAmAM tuM samarakaMda ane bukhArA bakSisa peTe ApI dauM" priyatamAnA gulAbI gAla paranA tala para samarakaMda ane bukhArAvArI janAra kavi garIba ja rahene A samarakaMda zahera aDhI hajAra varSa purANuM che ane tene duniyAnuM ratna" ''pRthvI para camakatu bi Mdu' vagere upamAe apAi che. taimura ane tenA vArasadAroe sAta sadI emAM baMdhAvelI tenI mahelAtA masjIdonA dharatIkaMpe karelA avazeSo paNa temanI bhavyatAnI yAda Ape che samarakaMdanI madhyamAM AvelI masjIda lIlI khAtuma taimuranI lADIlI patnInA mAnamAM baMdhAvelI hatI. te eka vakhata islAmI duniyAnI sauthI meATI bhavya masjIda hatI. raMgIna caLakatA ghummaTovALA zAhIjIdA smArakonI daragAha ane masjIde tame 36 pagathiyAM caDe tyAre jovA maLe che. temAM prathama che khagALa vettA ane tatvajJa kAjI-jhAde-rUmInI (14mI sadInI) ane chellI che. kusama ibna abbAsanI ArAmagAha (13mI sadI) kusama ibne abbAsa payagambara mahaMmada sAhebane pItarAI hatA ane teNe chellA upadeza ApI eka kuvAmAM jhaMpalAvyuM. ahIM te haju jIve che, ema manAya che, tethI A sthaLane 'zAhIjIdA jIvatA rAA nAmathI eLakhavAmAM Ave che' jo AkAza adazya thAya te gura amIranA ghummaTa tenu' sthAna leze' evu kAI kavie kahyuM che. taimuravazanuM A vAdaLI ghummaTavALA gura amIra smAkamAM aMdara ane rathI ghummaTanI suMdaratA spadhA kare che. gADha nIlaraMgI paththara taLe taimuranA avazeSo pADhe che. tenI ArAmagAhu joDe ja tenA pautra uDDagabeganI ArAmagAha AvelI che. saMhAraka-vinAzaka julmagAra taimura dAdAnA pautra paNa mAnava khoparIonA Thaga karyAM hatA. A bhrugaoga gaNita zAstrI, kavi, khageALazAstrI ane tatvajJa hatA. tArA, nakSatre ane heAnA abhyAsI madhyaeziyAnI rAjagAdI para hata teNe eka rAte gebI AkAzavANI sAMbhaLI " te allAhanA rahasyAne khAlavA prayAsa karyAM che" ane vajranA camakArA thayA. zUnya AkAza taLe khAlI pRthvInA paTa para mAnava dehu paDayA hatA. dharmAMdha leAkeAe ulubegane mArI nAMkhyuM ane tenI sauthI meTI vedhazALAnA nAza karyAM. A vedhazALAnI UMcAi konsTenTInepAlanA sata sAphiyAnA devaLa samAna hatI. purAtatvavetAe ane pravAsIone tenA avazeSo Aje ce Azcaya pamADe che. ulugabeganA madresA 'ziradara' atyaMta eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 suMdara che. tenA para AlekhAyuM che. " mAruM vajana pRthvInI karADane kapAve che" tenA minArA kharekhara vAMke vaLI gayA che ane kayAre paDaze te kahevAtu nathI A minArAne ApaNe pUne 'pIsAnA TAvara kahI zakIe. akrAsiyAlanA TIMbAnA khAdakAme A zaheranA prathama sadInA astitvane khyAla Apyo che. temAMthI gharanA vAsaNA bhavyabhita citro ane amulya avazeSo maLI AvyA che te madhya eziyAnI prAcIna saMskRtine khaDI kare che. samarakaMda kevaLa bhUtakALanI smRtie sAthe joDAyeluM nathI te Adhunika zahera che. ane ujhabekIstAnanu bIjA nabaccuM audyogika kendra che. tenI vidyApITha ane pAMca ucca paThazALAomAM 30,000 karatAM vadhu vidyAthI o abhyAsa kare che, pacAseka varSo pahelAM tenI vasati 10,000nI hatI ane Aje te 26,7000nI che, samarakaMdamAM alirora navAI mahAna kavi thai gayA. samarakaMdanI suMdaratA ane bhavyatAne mukhArA paDakAratu rahyuM che. te retI ane rahasyathI gherAyeluM zahera che. payagastranA vALane sAcavatA A zaheranA mArge kAro jAya te rastAmAM nAga temanI rAhu jevAM hoya che. bukhArA vidvAna kavi nijhAmI ane tatvajJa prakRtividda avisinnAnuM zahera che. sadIo vItI ane mukhArAnA kuzaLa kArIgaroe navI imArata. racI. A zaheranuM yuddhavinAzathI raNe rakSaNa karyuM ane mukhAna 1000 varSanA sthApatyanA smArakonA saMgraha sthAnanuM zahera banI rahyuM. tenuM sauthI jUnu sthApatya mI. 10mI sadInuM IsmAIla rumAnanuM smaraNa maMdira che. A prAcIna bhavya imArata cAre bAju pAtaLA vRkSeAthI gherAyelI che. tenA para paDatA savAra bapAra ane sAMjanA prakAzamAM tenI bahA-suAAbhita adbhuta bhAtA navuM navu rUpa darzAve che. game tevI sakhta garamImAM paNa A imAratAnI aMdara ThaMDaka rahe che. te tenA prAcIna sthApatyanuM rahasya che. 400 varSa purANu TakI tIlpaka kuzazezana (mAthAna TopI banAvanArAnA dhummaTa) vaccenA dhummaTa sahita traNa vizALa puSpA samA dhummaTa dharAve che ane temAM eka paNa khIle nathI. ane hajI eka paNa taDa paDI nathI ! khanakI phejhAbAdanA suMdara daravAjA, dIvAna--edhI madresAnI lyubIkhausanA taLAva paranI vRkSonI hAranu` pratibiMba jhIlatI divAlA, mageAkI--attArI masjIdamAMnu pakavalI mATImAnuM kotarakAma vagere aneka suMdara dRzyAnI chApa pravAsI buArA choDatAM manamAM saMgrahI le che. khIvAmAM navA AvelA eka pravAsIe tenA vRddha puruSane puchyuM. "bApu tamArI zaheranI khyAti rUchALI TopIe banAvavA mATenI che temAM sauthI sArI karAkula TopIe keNu banAve che ?" vRdhdhe vALa phrIdhe, ' pahelavAna mahamada ' jatA ! ' " huM teA dhAratA hatA ke A te prakhyAta

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha kahI tenuM vatana choDAvavA jAu chuM" ema bAbare tArI vALA gurUkhAo ane divAna sAyanI sthApanA karI. tenI bhAratamAM temAM soviyara thI navuM zahera nureka nA kavinuM nAma che. zuM tamArA zaheramAM A nAmanA be mANasa ane rephrijareTara, bIjA yaMtra vagerenI duniyAnA 50 dezama che. !" "amAre tyAM traNa che. kavi, TopIbanAvanA ane pahe- nikAza thAya che, duzabe navuM zahera che tyAM vijJAnanA aneka lavAna. A badhA prakhyAna che. ane te traNe eka ja mANasa saMzodhana keMndro che. ane sAthe sAthe saMgIta nATaka operA bele che." A prakhyAta pahelavAnanA mRtyubA tenuM kIrtimaMdira nRtya maMDaLIo ane tAjikanuM rubAba vAjiMtra vagADatI racAyuM che. AnI pAse ja khavAkhAne pitAnI kabare pasaMda maMDaLIo samagra raziyAmAM prakhyAta che. lenina evanyuma karatA. irachata kAbAnuM aMdanuM zahera haju pheraphAra vinAnuM AvelI suMdara imArate raziyana DrAmA thiyeTara, tAjika DrAma. rahyuM che. pIvAnuM sauthI moTuM AkarSaNa sauthI UMce ane thiyeTara duzabe hoTala tathA atyaMta lekapriya "rakhata' suMdara IslAma khAjAne minAro che. tenI AjubAju saiyada " AikhAnA nI alaMkArika kalAtmaka citrAvalio jANe alAuddInanuM smAraka, jummA majIda, alAkulIkhAnane mahela sUryanA kiraNomAMthI banAve che. vagere apUva-pUva nA sthApatyo AvelA che. jUnuM purANuM tAjakIstAna jevuM hoya to 1500 khIvAthI 30 kilomiTara dUra berejamAM pradezanuM kendra varSa purANA paMjIkaeNta nagarane jovuM paDaze te prAcIna samayamAM ugeja AveluM che. 76,000nI vastIvALuM A zahera amu madhya eziyAnA rAjakIya ane sAMskRtika rAjya segrIAnAnuM dariyA - nadIne kinAre citrasamuM vasyuM che. ahIMthI savata kendra hatuM. kukhendrIjha durga ane zakhrIstAna pAse be maMdire, naheranuM pANI dUradUranA khetaro sIMce che. thoDA samaya pahelAM eka mahela ane prathama sadImAM baMdhAyelA makAnonA avazeSa karadhAnAnA phaLadrupa khINa paNa pANI vinA kheDAI na hatI..' maLyAM che. paMketanA purANA makAne para aMkita citrone bhAratanA prathama mogala bAdazAzAha, Azara pharaghAnA vatanI lIdhe te khulI citra zALA gaNAya che. makAnanA suMdara staMbhe, hate. ane taimarane prapautra hato, "huM pharavAnA cheDIne mAruM kataraNI vALA jharUkhAo ane divAla citro manahara che naziba-bIjA pradezamAM ajamAvavA jAuM chuM." ema bAbare tAjikIstAnanuM sauthI navuM zahera nureka naSNa nadIne kinAre kahI tenuM vatana choDyuM ane A kavi lazkarInetAe bhAratamAM temAM soviyeTa raziyAne sauthImeTo nureka hAyaDro pAvara preje mogala sAmrAjyanI sthApanA karI. tenI sAhitya kRti "bAba- kaTa sthapAI rahyo che. ranAmA'mAM tenI AtmakathA che ane tenA suMdara citro saviceTa raziyAe pragaTa karyA che. jo 30 varSane badale 400 varSa tAjikistAnanI uDatI mulAkAta laI ApaNe kIrane pahelA mahAna pharaghAnA nahera baMdhAI hAta bAre dhAjhiyAnI saphare jaIe. kIrIjha leke ati prAcIna saMskRti karavAnA cheDayuM na hatuM. Aje pharaghAnA tyAM pAkatA mabalakha dharAve che. temanuM mahAkAvya 'manasa' temanA bhavya atItane kapAsane lIdhe "sapheda ronAne' -deza kahevAya phaghAnAmAM peTa : nAnapade vAya dhArA kalAtmaka vANI Ape che te mahAkAvyane vIranAyaka mAnasa che 3 jema rezamanI pidAza paNa meTA pramANamAM thAya che ane ane tenA veta azva akulAnA janma divase te ja ujhabeka rezamI vacce duniyAmAM lokapriya banyAM che. bAbare hatA, tenA ardhanuM mRtyu nAyakanA jIvananA aMta samAna che. bhAratane taDabuca ApyAM. pharaghAnAnI khINamAM phaLanA vRkSo mahAna manasanA parAkramo dasa lAkha paMktiomAM vaNAyA che. khUba che. tyAM dara pAMca mANase eka vighAthI che ane pharaghA AkhuM kAvya sAyakalau kAreleva nAmanA kIragIjha gaDhatIne nAnI vasatI 111000nI che. tyAMnI vilapha madirA ane lIlI meDhe che. tenI smRtimAM te varyuM che. kIragIjha leke ghoDA caDAthI lake atithionuM svAgata kare che. Ama ApaNe ucheravA ane gheDesvArI karavAnuM kAma kuzaLatA pUrvaka kare che ujhabekIstAnanI uDatI yAtrA pUrI karI tAjikIstAnamAM temanI ramatamAM ghoDesvAranI kuratI ane "kapajha kumAI pravAa. (pakaDa karIne) prakhyAta che. je chokarI pakaDAya te pakaDanAra ne cuMbananI bheTa maLe ane na pakaDAyate cAbukane phaTake tAjikistAnane 93 TakA pradeza DuMgarALa che. ahIM maLe paraMtu have A azva ucheranA divase cAlyA gaya pAmIra parvatanuM duniyAnA chAparA'nuM kamyunijhama zikhara che. have te A pradeza IjanerI udyogathI dhamadhame che. ane 745 miTara UMcuM pAmIra ane soviyeTa raziyAnuM sauthI temAM vidyApITha, mahAzALAo, vijJAnanA saMzodhana kendro ane UMcuM zikhara che. parvatane prabhAva tAjikIstAnanI samaya seMkaDo kArakhAnAMo "sthapAyA che. ane navA zahere ubhA suMdara pradeza para paDe che. tenI prAcIna sa kRti ane tene thAya che. kIradhIjhiyAnuM pATanagara che eN cukhINamAM cA vAraso atithi one AkarSe che. khIrasau, kavi rudakI, avi- lAkhanI vastI dharAvatuM zahera che. te khINamAMthI barapha chAyA sintA ane phArasIne mahAna kavi phIradAsI tAjikistAnanA parvata para phelAyuM che. caDayuM che. vimAnamAMthI te bagIcA sAhitya ratna che. tAjikistAnanI rAjadhAnI duzabe 350,0 jevuM lAge che. tenA vanaspatI udyAnamAM 300 judA prakAranA 00 sADAtraNa lAkhanI vastI dharAve che, dareka sAta mANasa vRkSe che ane jhera riskI bulevAramAM suMdara vRkSonI 20 hAre dITha eka vidyArthI che. ahIM 80 moTA audyogika ekame che che. mAnava sarjita saravara ke mAskanI AjubAju vana ma ApaNe uchera mata Jain Education Intemational

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9, ' rAjI che. zaheranI madhyamAM eka zo pavana che. kIgIjhanA kamujI vAjiMtra vagADanArA vakhaDDAya che. ' manasa ' ane huM sureka mahAkAvyo parathI racAyelAM saMgIta nATako rASTrIya eperA. khUba lokapriya thayAM che. tenA itihAsa myujhiyama ane kolDa prANIzAna myuyimanI mulAkAta levAnuM bhulavuM na joie. tenA sekaDo ekaramAM akharoTanA vRkSonI vADIe che. ujhabekIstAnanI pazcime bhAvelA tumeniyAno pradeza aneka virodhI tatvA bharyA che. dakSiNamAM UMcA parvate, uttaramAM UDA kArA vacce AvelA pRthvI gherAyelA kAspIana ane araNya samudro-samAM sarovara-amu dariyA ane sira dariyA nadIo tathA vizALa kArAkuma raNu A pradezamAM bhAvelAM che. madhya zraziyAnA A sauthI seoTA ane sIMcavA nIonA pravAho badalavAnu svapna loko aneka jamAnAthI sevI rahyA hatA. unALAmAM ADI pa0 aza senTIgeDa banI hoya che. A pradezane khetI lAyaka banAvavAnuM kAya tha jaze ema keTalA keTalAka dAyakAthI lokone lAgatuM hatu. paraMtu Aje tyAM 850 kiaomiTara lAMbI nahera tayAra thai che ane tene 1500 kilomiTara sudhI lakhAvavAnuM kArya thAya che. A nahere 2,10,000 hekaTara jamIna sIthI che. ane tenA hiyALa mAnAmAM prakhyAta kAkAla gheTAM care che. uMjhabakIstAna pachI kapAsa pakavavAmAM tume nayAnuM sthAna bIje naMbare che. kArAkuma naheranA paNa tuniyAnA pATanagara akhAbAdane pANI Ape che. 1924mAM azmAbAda A pradezanu pATanagara anya. 1948mAM dharatIka'pe teno vinAza karyo hato. puNNa A sadInI zarUAtamAM samAjazAstrIonA mana hata ke AdhunikatA sAthe kadama mIlAvatAM kAkastAnane daDha hajAra varSa karatAM vadhu samaya joize. paraMtu seviyeta saMgha sAthe DAi teNe patra varSomAM daDha hAra varSanI dADa pUrI karI che. amAM khavAmAM vidyApIka uparAMta 13 pAka thavA vijJAnanI mAkAdamI ke 10 azodhana kendro che ane 80 adyogika kArakhAnA jAdho che. alpa atAthI thoDe dUra nadIAno godamAM vahevaDAvatA parvata AvelA che ane pATanagara pAse ja almA atA kenyAna-sAM. akhAne baeNcce vahetA nadInu sthaLa AveluM che. A annA atA. kenyAna tarapha jatAM rastAmAM teDayo payaMta pakSI zakavAnI skeTiMga ki AvI che ane A skeTiMganA vizva vinA keTalIye vAra sthapAtA che. dharAnanI uttara ane UMDI stAnanI pazcime Avela annara nAnuM rAjya tyAMthI vipula pramANamAM nikaLatA banI ja telane kAraNe " tala ? . . . ' kahevAya che. ane tenuM pATanagara bAku' tela zahera ' kahevAya che bApha duniyAnu "sauthI vadhatu tela padA karanArA zaheranu eka che. bApue raziyana krAMtimAM sAro bhAga bhajavyA hatA. 10 mAM gara kADhe gaNAnuM krAMtI akhabAra bhugarbhamAM AvelA ke nInA 5. paraMtu Aje te pharIthI badhAyeluM' che, aneka mALanA makAnopresamAM bAkamAM chapAtu ane vaheMcatu 1928mAM ke ca lekhaka ane kAla mAkasa pustakAlayanuM suMdara makAna dharatIkaMpanA vina! henrI bANu e lakhyuM hatuM. " te mane kei pUche ke sAvi zane bhUlAvI de che. turkameniyAnA gAlIcA ane zetara jIA yata sattAe evuM zuM sidha karyuM che ke jenAthI tenA mitra thAya che. duniyAnI sauthI moTI hAthe pagelI 193055 ne duzmano paNa pramArjita ane Azcaryacakti thAya, to ceArasamiTaranA gAlIcA azpAbAdanA saMgrahasthAnamAM che. mArA javAya che bApune zue gaikAle jyAM mAnava hakkanA bhUkhALA vhoTala Avata vizALa che, bALakonI raMgabhUmi abhAva, gulAmI ane garIba pravRttattA hatA tyAM Aje lokapriya che, garamIne meTA vRkSothI khALavA prayatna thaya che. samAjavAdI sukha ane sAnA pra vaDe che" " bA mAnava sarjita kurtA lenaska samudra tahevArAmAM aneka naranArI sAyika yAnuM pAMcamA naMbaranu meluM zahera che. ane kuTubanu sahelagAha sthAna bane che. mIDI moTI kara reTI dI' sArA pramANamAM thAya che. zinakazA, itihAsa vagerenA sagrahasthAnA jovA lAyaka che. ujhabekIstAna ane kAradhIjhiyAnI uttare kaJAstAna seviyeTa raziyAnuM bIjA naMbaranuM sauthI moTuM rAjya che. sAviyeTa raziyAno bhAga A pradezamAM samAyelo che. tenuM pATanagara che almA atA alpa atAnA artha che ' sapharaja nano pitA ' vasaMta RtumAM sopArA sarjananA vRkSo para sapheda phUlo chavAI jAya che ane eka anokhuM dRzya paiDA kare che. dhADAMka varSo pahelAM ama ahAmAM pRthvInA peTALamAM sauthI meTo dhaDAko thayA hatA ane UMce sudhI kALI mATInA eNziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 goTegoTA uDIne zaherane DhAMkI vadhu na aa kAdavavA p zaherane bacAvavA gAnta eka dhaDAko karI badhanI racanA kara vAmAM AvI ane zaherane bacAvAyuM. Ama avAno ramata gamata mahela jovA lAyaka che. tenI AgaLa uDatA phuvArA sura dazya khaDuM kare che, - Rai kivatA ' no eka anuvAdanI jeTalAM pAnAMnA graMtha jANe e kavione pradeza che. ema banAve che. kavi nijhAmI saMgrahasthAnamAM nijhAmI (12 mI 13 mI sadI nI kRtie aneka bagAnI (12 mI sadI kavi ane phijhulI kiva ( 16 sadI )nI hasta prate, suMdara dhAbaLA gAlIcA nAnA jhINavaTa bharyAM citro miAMnaecasa kalA kArIgarInA uttama namUnA jovA maLe che. A sAkSAta niMgAmI kevaTamAM Avela che, bAku zaheranA A sAhityaka sasthAne ajharabaijAnA che. mahAna tatvajJa ane Arhatya kAranI pratimAo zobhe che. ajharabanA punika kavi sayada varjunanA nAmanA nATayamaMdiramAM aneka nATaka bhajavAta

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ja e pragaTa thaela tathA 4 A dareka rAjya mATe dekhAvA lAgyuM. Ama pANImAMthI divAle, mRti saMdarbha graMtha (791 hoya che. bAkane moTezana zamyAna, sTezana, narimAneva ane jhaDapI pragati ane vaijJAnika siddhIone ApaNane sAro jhenjhalIka sTezananA ArasajaDita vizALa khaMDe kharekhara kalAnA khyAla Ave che ane samaya ane anukULatA maLe te tenA ane sthApatyanA uttama namUnA che. kavi phijhulIzkevaramAM "ajhi eka eka rAjya ane zaherane nirAMte jevAne jANavAne ane jhabekeva" nAmanuM navuM ajharabaijAM thiyeTara AveluM che. 1916 tenI majA mANavAne vicAra manamAM ramyA kare che. raziyAnA mAM raMgabhUmi para kAma karavA mATe islAma dharmAe eka pravAsI aphanAsIe bhAratane prathama pravAsa karI tyAMnA lekene naTInuM khUna karyu hatuM. tyAM Aje aneka nadIo, lekhikAo bhAratane khyAla Ape hate. tenA vizenI phi9ma "paradezI" strI kalAkAro kAma kare che. bhArata ane seviyeTa sahakArathI taiyAra thaI hatI. teNe bAMdhela bhArata raziyAnI maitrIne pUla Aje te khUba moTo ane pacAsa varSa pahelAM jyAM ekeka saMzodhana saMsthA na majabuta banyA che. bhAratanI saMskRtine seviyeta raziyAmAM hatI tyAM Aje ajharabaijAnI vijJAna akAdamInI 122 saMzo- abhyAsa thAya che tyAre ApaNe e dezanA eziyAI bhAgane dhana saMsthAo mAnavajJAnanA vividha kSetre kheDI rahI che. oLakhI dhanya thaIe. A pradezanA pravAsamAM jene rasa hoya ajharU.mAM saula zahera dariyAmAM DUbI gayuM che. evI teNe seviyeta pravAsa saMsthA "InaTurisTa' ane vimAnI saMsthA lekakathA hatI. 19mI sadImAM dariyA tarapha jatA raste jaDI ekalata'ne saMparka sAdhave A dareka rAjya mATe pustihatA. ane 1930mAM purANe raste jaDa hatuM. jyAre kAzmI- kAne pragaTa thaela tathA che. keTalIka citrAvalIe keTalAka zahero ana sama nI sapATI nIcI utarI tyAre pANImAMthI divAle, ane pradeza mATe sastAmAM maLe che. bhAratamAM A pustikAo minArA vagere dekhAvA lAgyuM. Ama samaila zaheranuM rahasya ane citrAvalIo pipa9 3 pablIziMga hAusa ane buka De ke dariyAmAM DUbI gayuM hatuM te chatuM thavA lAgyuM. purAtatva bukasTolamAM maLI zake. vattAonA 600 pAnA paththaramAM arabI bhASAmAM katarelAM 10mI juna 1973nA "seviyeta deza" pAkSikanA meLavyAM che. ane 1mAyA dhAna vAMcI artha tAravyA che. 11mAM aMkamAM 28me pAne "jiyAmAM bhArata"nA lekhabIkunA itihAsanuM saMgrahasthAna prakhyAta sthApatya zirvAna-- mAMthI nIce pramANenI mAhitI bhArata ane raziyA vaccenA zAhanA mahelamAM kayajha-kalasImAMnuM maiDana TAvara bAramI sadInA prAcIna saMbaMke darzAve che. 200 smArakamAne eka bhavya kilo che. bAkunuM sauthI AkaSaka sthaLa che. keTalAka kilomITara laMbAne suMdara "jiyAnA bhArata sAthenA bahulakSI saMbaMdhe priskI balavAda che. bALaka mATe ahIM opana era purANa kALa jeTalA junA che. junA jyorjiyana akhabAra sinemA che. ane naheranI guMthaNI karI TApue sarjavAmAM "kIrtalisa kheDya lA (jiyAnuM jIvana) mAM bhArata ane AvyA che. tethI A sthaLa bAkunuM venisa kahevAya che. jiMyA vacce saMbaMdhanI sthApanA vakhtAMga gargAsAla sauthI jAne pAka bagIcA nijhAma pAka 20 hekaTaramAM (I. sa. pamI sadI)nA zAsakALa daramiyAna thaI hovAne vistarelo che. bAku pAse dariyAmAMnA telanA kuvAmAMthI tela ullekha vAMcavA maLe che. madhya yuganA phrenca pravAsI khyAtakADhavA dariyA para eka nagara vaseluM che. te che naphatiyAnikimI. nAma delApatenA jaNAvavA mujaba bhAratIe nyAjiyAnA khullA dariyAnA pANI para lekhaMDI TApuo para vaseluM A pATagara bilisImAM dharma sthAna nibhAvatA hatA. bAramI nagara duniyAmAM ajoDa che. ajharabaijAnuM prAcIna pATanagara sadImAM rANI tAmArAnA zAsanakALa daramiyAna bhAratanI AkhA rezama utpAdana mATe prakhyAta che. ajharanuM suprasiddha leka kathA "paMcataMtra" ke "kAlikA ane dinA" bAkathI bIjA naMbaranuM zahera che kiravAbAda je pahelAM gaMdajhA zirSaka heThaLa jiyana bhASAmAM anuvAda karavAmAM Avyo nAme oLakhAtuM hatuM. 'gekagela'- nIlasarovara ajharabaijAnuM have grIkane 11mI sadImAM buddhanI jIvana kathA vizenI nIlagulAba ane mitIonuM matI gaNAya che. A suMdara mAhitI jiyana bhASA dArA maLI hovAnuM kahevAya che. sthaLanuM varNana aneka kavie be karyuM che, bAkuthI 70 kile. A daSTie zAtA rUstarelInA kAvya " vyAghacarmadhArIvIra" miTara dUra DuMgaramALa kebistAnamAM hajAro varSa pUrvenA 4000 eka agraNI nAyaka teriyala mULa bhAratane have emAM kaI jeTalAM paththaramAM karelAM citro maLyAM che. Azcarya nathI. | madhyaeziyAnA seviyeTa raziyAmAM AvelA cha rAjyaH 1918mAM sthapAyela jiyana yunivarsiTInA sthApaka (1) ujhabekistAna, (2) tAjikIstAna (3) kIradhIjhiyA (4) ane adhyApaka vidvAna anvayediyAnI jyorjiyana bhArata takamaniyA (5) kajhAkastAna ane (6) ajharabaijAnA A vidAnA pitA' gaNAya che. "soviyeta deza" tA. 10-6-73 jhaDapI uDatA pravAsamAM keTalAMye suMdara sthAne ApaNe joI nA aMkamAM temane viSe paNa lekha che ane jyorjiyAmAMnA zakayAM nathI. paraMtu ApaNe je joyuM te parathI tenI prAcIna "bhArata vidyAkendra vize paNa mAhitI ApelI che. rAmAyaNa bhavyatA rahasyamaya kAvyamaya kalAtmaka ItihAsa ane Adhunika ane mahAbhAratanA prasaMge parathI raziyAmAM keTalAMka nATaka Jain Education Intemational

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792 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga 2 ane bele nRtya hAla paNa saphaLa rIte bhajavAya che. Ama ra000000000000000000000000000000000000000 madhya eziyA uparAMta raziyAnA bIjA bhAgo sAthe paNa che bhAratanAM prAcIna kALano saMbaMdha hatuM ane Adhunika samayamAM te vadhu gADha banyA che. soviyeta raziyAmAMthI aneka che With Best Compliments From bhAratIya bhASAmAM pustake raziyanamAMthI amRdita patrikAo pragaTa thAya che. ane bhAratanI bhASAnA sAhityane raziyanamAM 8 Phone 339485 anuvAda thAya che. 0i0000000000000000000000000000000000000 valasADa jIllA sahakArI beMka li. Heavy Engineering sahakAra ta phona naM. 07 AjhAda coka valasADa 00000000000000000 91 NAGDEVI CROSS LANE 2nd floor BOMBAY-3 che 80000000000000000000000000000000eeeeee 8 00000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000 With Best Compliments From +000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 bahAra pADelu sattAvAra bhaMDoLa rUA. 50,00,000 vasula Avelu zerabhaMDeLa rUA. 37,07,000 rIjharva phaMDa rU. 13,82,000 thApaNa rU. 504,67,000 vakIMga kepITala rU. 590,18,000 vividha prakAranA dhIrANe rU. 55,75,000 AkarSaka vyAjanA darothI sevIsa ane bAMdhI mudata thApaNe A beMkanA tAlukAnA tathA mukhya kAnA gAmomAM AvelI 24 zAkhAe mAraphata svIkAravAmAM Ave che. kheDutone AdhunIka khetI mATe A beMka taraphathI khe. vi. dhIrANa vyAjabI vyAjanA darethI 2thAnIka sevA sahakArI maMDaLIo mAraphate karavAmAM Ave che. audyaugika maMDaLIone rajyanI svakIya tathA bloka kepITalanI yejanA anusAra sastA vyAjanA dare dhIrANa karavAmAM Ave che. yAda rAkhe-A beMkamAM mukelI thApaNe jIllAnA kheDutone utkarSanA kAmeja upagamAM levAya che. ApanI bacate A beMkamAM jamA mukavAno Agraha rAkhe. beMkanI mukhya kacerI, sITI zAkhA. 2Tezana zAkhA, gaNadevI AhavA, selavAsa ane gaData, jalAlapora, amalasADa, vAMsadA ane marelI bajAra zAkhAomAM seIpha DIjhITa voTanI aghatana sagavaDa che. ApanI kiMmatI vastuonI salAmatI mATe upara jaNAvelI zAkhAone saMparka sAdhA. thApaNa paranA vyAjanA daro AkarSaka rAkhavAmAM AvyA che. vadhu vigata mATe rUbarU maLe agara patra lakhe. Ara. e. dikSita gulAbabhAI bhI. mahetA menejara ceramena.. 200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Phone 82477 Aeenco Products Manufactvrer of : Footwear Sheets & Quality Rubber Articles C 2 A/ 13, G. I. D. C. Estate NARODA, (Dist AHMEDABAD) 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jain Education Intemational

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hAse mAITa ArabarAjya jo , zrI kRSNavadana jeTalI. hAlemAITa jorDananuM Arabe rAjya Araba dezonA aneka camatkAro karyA hatA te jevIke tathA jyAM Isa kendrasthAne AveluM che. tenI uttare siriyA, pUrvamAM sAudI khistane jahAna bApTisTe dharmadikSA ApI ane pavitra arebiyA ane irAka dakSiNa saudI arebiyA ane pazcime jaLadhI bAprAijha karyA te jorDana nI vagere khristI dharmanA lebAnena tathA cahadIonuM pelesTA Ina IjharAyela Avela che. tIrthasthAno A pradezamAM AvelAM che. tethI A pavitra pradeza A dezamAM I. sa. pUrvethI Araba rahetA AvyA che. gaNAya che. bethalehema jerUsalemathI dakSiNe 1 mAIla dura 1927mAM TrAnsa jerDana svataMtra pradeza banyo. ane 1946mAM AveluM nAnuM suMdara nagara che. DeviDa ane Isu khristanuM A to patra sArvabhaumatva prApta karyuM. 1953mAM nAmadAra janmasthAna che. ane ratha ane bAjhanA jIvananI bhUmikA rAjAhasena tenI gAdI para AvyA. 25 pacIsamI me vorDa che. bAIbalamAM ghaNIvAra amAnane ulekha rakhAtha amAna nane svAtaMtrya dina che. tarIke thayo che ane tene "jaLanuM zahera kahevAmAM AvyuM jorDanane vistAra 96000 corasa kila miTara athavA che. I. sa. pUrve 1200mAM rambAtha ammAna tarIke oLakhAtuM 37,500 corasa mAIlane che. tenI vasati 20 lAkhanI che sanmAna bAyabalanA rAjAo sAthe yuddha karanArA amenAITa tenuM nANAkIya calaNa jorDana dinAranuM che. jorDananI bhASA rAjAonuM pATanagara hatuM. DeviDe ammAnanA rAjA hanunane arabI che. paNa e rojanuM calaNa tyAM ThIka pramANamAM pade. harAvyo hato amasa jeremiyAha ane Ijhekile ammAna varuddha zIo sAthenA vahevAramAM thAya che. Araba Ano mukhya che. DAhIo karI hatI. bAyabalamAM leTa ame nAiTanA pitA dharma musalIma iralAma che. chatAM 12 TakA jeTalA khristI tarIke varNavAyo che. ammAnamAM bIjI trIjI sadImAM baMdhAyeluM Aro paNa tyAM che. jorDanamAM be dhArAsabhA sAthenI rAjA- romana thiyeTara traNa TAyaramAM ardhavartuLAkAre 6000 prekSakone zAhI che. rASTradhvajamAM dhvajadaMDanA pAyA para racAyela lAla ramAvI zake tevuM che. tenuM samarAvIne tenI purvanI bhavyatA trikoNamAM tAro che ane kALA sapheda ane lIlA raMganA traNa lAvavA prayatna thayo che. tenA uparanA TAyara beThakavALA bhAga ADA paTA che. mAMthI prakAza raMgamaMca para paDe che. ammAnane darzAvatI jorDananuM pATanagara amAna che. tenI vasati 400, TekarInI Toca paranA dugamAM hasyulasanuM devaLa avazeSarUpe 000 cAra lAkhanI che. ammAna arebika bhASAmAM kahevAtI che. temAM te devanI 30 phuTa uMcI pratimA hatI corasAkAranA jabala- sAta TekarIo para baMdhAyeluM zahera che. hajajha relave Ila- kasamAM chaThThI sAtamInA ummAda samayanI caLiyALa ammAnane siriyA tathA tuka dezo sAthe joDe che. te pachI kotaraNIvALA paththare che. hajuye durgana bAyajhanTAina darayuropiyana relave zarU thAya che. dAhyAnI sapATIthI ammAna vAjo che ane divAlanI bahAra khaDakamAMthI kotarI kADhela 700 miTaranI UMcAI e AveluM che. I. sa. 19rarathI pANInuM TAMku che. A duvALI TekarI para ja purAtatva saMgrahAammAna pATanagara banyuM che. laya che. temAM khodakAma dvArA meLavela purAtana vastuo che rAjA jorDanamAM traNa vimAnI mathako che- (1) jerUsalema hasenane basamAna mahela tathA atithi mahela duga sAmenI (2) ammAna ane (3) kika sAta vimAnI sarvisa De. TekarInI Toce che, ammAnanI sauthI sArI hoTala ala urdena che nane madhya pUrvanuM pATanagaro ane bIjA dezo sAthe joDe che bA a*mAna kalama ane philADelphIA hoTalI che. bairUta kere- kAhirA, ammAna ane jerusalama vo dainika - pitrA ammAnathI navA raNa raste moTarakAra dvArA traNa vimAnI sarvisa cAle che. jorDananA badhA mukhya nagaromAM kalAke pahoMcI zakAya. lAla gulAbI petrA mRta sAgara nIcenA sArI hoTalo che. jerUsalemAM 18 hero che. je no khaDa khaDakomAM chupAyeluM che ane te khaDakomAMthI kotarI ghaNA bhAga hAla ijharAyelanA bApAM che. kADheluM nagara che. tenI zerIo tenA mahela, maMdira, kabaro bAyabalanA nAnA karAranA payagambaronuM A vatana che gharo badhuM ja nabeTiyana Aree pAMca varSa pahelAM Isu khristanI janmabhUmi bethalehema tathA jayAM Izu khite khaDakomAMthI utarI banAveluM pATanagara che. A beTa na Jain Education Intenational

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794 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 Arabo vaNajAranA razake ane kRSi Ijanera' hatA. temanuM Araba salAha eda dina--malAdIne humalo karyo. kanyAnI rAjya uttaramAM damAskasa sudhI vistareluM hatuM. jyAre saMta mAtAe tene mAMsa madirAnI bheTa sAthe lagnano sadaze coka, pila damAskasanA mArga para khristI dharmano pracAra karatA hatA salonIne bheTa svIkArI kayAM jamaNa cAle che te chAvyuM. te tyAre tyAM nabeTiyana rAjyapAlanuM zAsana hatuM. temaNe pelI jagyA para teNe humalo karatAM tene mANane raunikone rokyA. A parvatIya khaDakanI ImArate Aje paNa adbhuta lAge che. jenonA mRtyu bADha kera Arabone kabaje AvyuM. tenI . sa. 106mAM romana le e pevA kabaje karyuM hatuM. ane aTArI, moTA, talAo vagere dvArA ApaNane temaNe paNa tyAM thiyeTara, staMbhevALI zerI ane eka maMdira madhyakAlIna" subhaTa duniyAno khayAla Ave che. racAvyAM hatAM. 1ramI sadImAM jheDaroe patrAmAM kilo kerAka pAse AveluM bina-AyabalanuM dina e bAMdhelA, paraMtu pitrA lagabhaga pAMca varSa sudhI duniyAthI gAyaba thayeluM hatuM ravIjharlenDanA eka buhATa nAmanA zodha banA mezA rAjAnuM eka vakhata pATanagara hatuM. ahIM thayelAM ke I. sa. 1812mAM A parvatIya nagara zodhI kADhayuM. pitrA kAma dvArA I. sa. pUrve 3000nA kAMsAyuga daramiyAna ApaNane IlerAnI yAda Ape che. ahIM mAnava vasavATanA ciDa maLyAM che kaIla kapa (kela Castle)mAM nabeTiyana maMdiranA avazeSe che ane A triAmAM Ila khajhAneha - TekarInI ImAratanA gAma- madiranA keTalAka zipa AjubAjunA gharomAM baMdhAyA lAomAM devIonI pratimAo che. sika patrAnA praveza dvAra caNAyAM che. rAha bAyabalanA jamAnAnuM smatha samI galI che te vacce 300 phITa UMcI che. A sAMkaDI vAMkI aba eka maMdira ane keTalAMka stane avazeSa cUkI galImAM praveza karatAM jANe kaI navI duniyAmAM praveza rUpe dharAve che. purAtatarIya khodakAme bApa-raI karatAM hoIe evuM lAge che. eTa-dera athavA maDa Azrama kALanA gharanA avazeSa pragaTa karyA che. I. sa. 6ramAM bApapitrAnI rAkSasI. ImArata che. te 165 phITa pahoLI ane jhanTIama ane islAmanA daLe vacce prathama saMgharSa thayo A 148 phITa UMcI ImArata keTalAka samaya khristI devaLa tarIke yuddhamAM marAyelA Arabone pAse AvelA majhAra gAme daphavaparAtI haze ema tenI divAlamAM AlekhelA krosa salIbo nAvavAmAM AvyA. ahIM jAphara Ina aba tAle banI kabara parathI jaNAya che. A imArata trIjI sadInI hovAnuM manAya para eka TI majIda bAMdhavAmAM AvI che. pitta atattache. romana leka e bIjI trIjI sadImAM racelAM thiyeTaramAM nura karakathI dANe 25 ki. miTara jela tannara Ubha che. 3000 beThakanI vyavasthA che. pelesa Tokha-zAhI mahela kabara ahIM ekaja bAju pI javAya tevuM Toca para AveluM maMdira traNa majalAnI patronI sauthI moTI ImArata che. te romana mahelanI I. sa. pUrva prathama sadInI be Tayana ImArata che. te suMdara nakala samAna che. cAradaravAjA nAnA khAlI khaMDomAM ApaNane ala'kArika zailInA zipathI vibhUSita hatuM ane A zi9 peno laI jAya che. tene zuM upayoga haze te vize ApaNane ghaNo bhAga ammAnanA sa prahAlayamAM che. vicAratA karI mUke che. urna Toe saMbhevALI prabhAvita zAkanA kille 111pamAM bAlDavina prathame damAskakaranAra imAratanA be majalA para darabArakhaMDa jevuM che. tenI sathI ijiptanA mArga para aMkuza ane dekharekha rAkhavA divAla para citrita lekhamAM A ImArata I. sa. 447 mAM baMdhAvela. te rAjAe baMdhAvela hovAthI menTrIala kahevAto. khristI devaLa tarIke vaparAtI hatI. evuM grIka lakhANa che. 1189mAM salADIne te jItI lIdho ane caudamI sadImAM ma mepitrAnuM atithigRha 12 khaMDanuM che ane temAM 70 mANaso lukoe teno punaroddhAra karAvyuM. tenA durganI divAla vacce sahelAIthI vasI zake teTaluM moTuM che. sikanI bahAra vADI Adhunika gAma vasI rahyuM che. musANA 16 mANasa mATe navuM vizrAma gRha pAse mAna vizrAma sthaLe bhejana nAsto maLe che. madhya kAMsA yuga (I. sa. pUrve 1500-2000) mAM jorDananuM kerAka samudranI sapATIthI 3000 phUTa UronA vA vaseluM maraba meIkanuM nagara che. tene I. sa. pUrve 1300 ; medAnamAM Ubhele saudarya nahi paNa rakSaNa mATe baMdhAyelA evA mAM moe saraharInagara hatuM. tene ulekha bAyabalamAM thaye kile che. I. sa. pUrve 11 00nA leha yugamAM ahIM mAnava che. ahInA medAnamAM aneka yuddho thayAM hatAM. maMdaba amAvasavATa hatuM. A kile eba lokenuM sthApatya che. I. sa. nathI dakSiNe 20 mAIla dUra kerAkane raste AveluM che. ahIM 1136mAM payeme-zebakanA svAmIe ahIM killo racyo. tene javA mATe niyamita basa sarvisa cAle che. madana para aneka prakhyAta svAmI hatA. ranada da zAnile' kerAka ammAmanI zAsana AvI gayAM che. te emonAiTa hatuM, pachI mAe bAina thayuM. pachI nayina banyuM. manDana sikaMdare tene jItyuM dakSiNe 79 mAIla dUra che. ane pachI remana zAsana tenA para AvyuM. pAMcamI -- chaThThI bAlDavinanI bahena IsAbelanA teronanA haskI sAthenA sadInA boyajhAnTAina yugamAM teno kIti kalaza camakatA latnanI ujavaNInuM jamaNa cAlatuM hatuM. tyAre kerAka para hatA. ane temAM racAyela raMgIna kapacInA citro-meIka te na che ane tamArA vADI Adhunika gAme 11 Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 795 vakhatanA ra ja che. 747mAM dharatIkaMpathI ambAsiha ahIMthI mRtya samRd hiroDanA mahelanA avazeSa ane je rasazAsanamAM tene nAza thaze. 19mI sadImAM kerAkanA 2000 lemanA minArA divase spaSTa dekhAya che. khristIo A jagyA para AvI vasyA A zahene pharIthI baMdhAvavAnA uddezathI khodakAma karatAM tyAM bAIjhA-TAIna ammAnathI 30 mAIla dUra damAskasathI jorDana ke yuganA suMdara mejheika raMgIna kapacI nA banAvelA joyataLi- ammAna AvatAM raste jerAzanuM autihAsika sthaLa AveluM yAnA ci maLI AvyA jorDana . sarakAra hAla tyAM navuM che. 1920mAM keTalAka purAtatvavida giliyaDa parvatanI khINo vizrama gRha baMdhA dI te jovA janAra mATe khANIpINInI khuMdatA hatA tyAM temane keTalAka jamInamAMthI DokiyAM karatAM sagavaDa karI che. polisa sTezana sAme nAnuM paNa raphadAyaka taMbhanI Toe Akaryo ane temaNe khodakAma karyuM to saMgrahasthAna che. temAM cIka vIra ekilisanuM ardhamAnava ane grIka mana samayanI duniyAnuM eka prAMtIya zahera maLI e bakarA- pat-1nu madirA deva kaphasanu vagere rani kaparI ?! _ jerAza atyaMta suMdara rIte sacavAyeluM che. te zaheramAM citro che. temaja rAmana jhaverAna vAsaNa phuladAnIo vagere che. vara che nAnAgAra, traNa thiyeTaro tera devaLe asarAmAM kaMDArela vArAe heTyi: vijayanuM voraNa, amisa devInuM maMdira ane tene vizALa UMce eTale vagere maLI AvyA - saMta janA purAtana grIka devaLamAM chakI sadInA I. sa. nI pahelI bIjI saDhanA samayanI jAhojalAlI pelesTAinane ajoDa mejheika raMgIna kapacImAM banAvele nakaze batAvatuM A khaMDita daTAyela zahera Aje paNa tenA vaibhavache. A nakaze jasTIniyananA jamAnAmAM chaThThI sadImAM AraM- zALI atInanAM bhavya darzana karAve che. seDhiyananA vijaya bhamAM ijipta ane pelesTAIna ane jerusalemanI vigatapUrNa teNu pAse eka meTuM 16pa miTara lAbu ane UMDuM taLAva sthiti batAve che. temAM je rusalemanU carca opha helI selakara. maLI AvyuM che. jerAza bIjI sadImAM tenA suvarNa yugamAM The Church of Holy cpulchare sarasa rIte pravezya hatuM. bAlDavina bI 1nI saradArI heThaLa dharmayudhdhA tenI divAle ane zaheranA daravAjA sAthe darzAvyuM che. temAMnA kujheDare e tene mRtyujanaka ghA karyo 13mI sadImAM tenA para lekha pUrvAbhimukha rahIne vAMcavA nirmAyA che. mAnavI raNanI retI pharI vaLI ane tene saMpUrNa dATI dIdhAM Araba hADIo cheDanA nAnAM citro che. nAIla ane Dena narImAM ke koI sarvanAzanI vAta karatAM jerAzanA avaze jema taratI mAchalIo batAvI che. saMta jajanuM devaLa bIjI evI upamA Ape che. 1876mAM tyAM nadI kinAre phaLadrupa sthaLe 186mAM baMdhAyeluM che. madananA dhaNA kaTaoe jamIna hovAthI tu AvI vasyA jerIza "madhya pUrvanuM pitAnA ghara baMdhAvavA pAyA badAvatAM aneka mejheika citre papeI' kahevAya che. ahIM pravAsIonI rAgavaDa mATe maLI AvyAM che. ane temaNe te jAherane thoDIka phI laI javA vizrAmagRha ATemisa devI jerAza nagaranI AzrayadAtA devI sAcavyAM che. maDhabathI 10 kilomiTara uttara pazcime na hatA. A devInuM maMdira atyaMta suMdara hatuM ane tene pharatI DuMgara Avelo che. tenA zikhare spadhAmAM eka devaLa ane 394 phITa lAMbI divAla hatI maMdiranA staMbha AgaLa tame eka sAdhu maThanA avaze che. ahIthI jorDana khINanuM jerasa, kAna ghara' te temAM pharakatA pavanane guMjArava paDaghA pADatA lema sudhInuM mane hara dazya dekhAya che. ne DuMgaranI dakSiNa saMbhaLAze. tenA pravezadvAra pAsenI bhavya sIDI-pagathiyA-pharIthI pUrva mAM ila mubAyatamAM sauthI moTuM mejheika- citrita samarAvI che. maMdiramAMnA 45 khaMbhe haju paNa tenI bhavyabhoMyataLiyuM cha rAtrInA devaLanuM maLI AvyuM che. temAM tAnI sAkSI pUratA UbhA che. jerAzane prathama sadIne phorama dAkSane velA prANIo dAla legI karatA mAnavenA citra che. bajAra ane sabhAsthAna tarIke vaparAto. tenI AsapAsanA bIje dariyAnA devakathAonA saMgItanA AkhalAnA vRnA taMbha hajI khaDA che. jerAzanA 32 hAravALA thiyeTaramAM yajJavedIonA trio che. lekhe sthApaka ane dAtAonI 5000 prekSake samAvI zakAtA, tenA raMgamaMca be majalAnuM nAmAvali rajU kare che. ne DuMgarathI dakSiNa pazcime ja makAna aneka alaMkArika staMbhe ane pratimA yukta gaLethI rastA jharakA mananA garama khanIja kSAra yukata jharAo tarapha vibhUSita hatuM heyinanA vijayanu tAraNa I.sa. 129.30mAM laI jAya che. A nAnAM meTA jharAM kuDeno upaga maDAne racAyuM hatuM tenI madhyastha kamAna 39 zaTa uMcI ane 22 hiroDa karI hateA bI, pralamAM hiMDa Isu khristanA jamAnAnA phITa UMDI che. phoramathI jerAzanA uttaranA daravAjA sudhI zAsaka hato te jaNAvyuM che. staMbhevALI zerI bIjI sarInA che. jamAnAnI jerAzanA tera devaLomAM sauthI junuM cothI sadInu devaLa ketheDrala carcA che temAM madadanI dakSiNe thoDA kilomiTara dUra UcI ekAkI jaLamAMthI madirAnA rUpAMtarane camakAra vidhi daravarSe karavAmAM TekarI para vikhya mArganI pazcime cAle che. te tamane hiro Avato temAM te vakhatanI bizapa dharmagurunA paththaranI khUrazI DanA mahelanI jagyA mukavira sudhI derI jAya che. ahIM che jhiyasana maMdira saMta thieDoranuM devaLa, hipoDroma vagere salemara nRtya karI jahena bASTIsTanuM mastaka kapAvyuM hatuM sthaLo : nAza pAmeDA bhavya zaheranI bhayAna cheDAM gAya che. Jain Education Intemational

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761 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 rAtA samudra kinAre jorDana nI cheka dakSiNa sarahade karavuM zakya nathI. rastAmAM tamane vividha AkAranI TekarIo AvelA akAda baMdara amAnathI 209 mAIla dUra che, tyAM ane mahara prAkRtika saudarya dharAvatA sthaLe jovA maLe che. javA AvavA mATe TekSI ane bara sarvisa cAlu che. ammA- tenI suMdaratA tenA alaukika maunathI ApaNuM aMtara bharI de nathI tyAM papa miniTamAM vimAnamArge javAya che. tyAM javAnA che. raste raNanuM lazkarI UMTa daLanuM sthAna Ave che. tyAM ammAnathI akAbAnA dhorI mArga para peTrola sTezana ane Araba kephIthI svAgata thAya che. beduIna leke zikArI bAja vizrAmagRhe AvelAM che. akAbA nagaramAM bagIcA ramatanAM dvArA pakSIone heDa kAra kare che. te jovAnuM paNa koI vakhata medAno vijaLInI adyatana rozanI che. akAdAnA baMdarethI sabhA maLe che. rAsa-ena nakalanA vizrAmagRhamAM khAvApadezI jahAne temano vividha mAla ha 8,vI, jorDananI mukhya pIvAnI vyavasthA che. ane ahI thI vADI rUmanuM manohara dazya nikAza phemphisTasa bharI jAya che. akAbA hoTala, kArla bica AMkhane ThAre che. hoTala vagere akAbAnI jANItI hoTa che. akAbAnA akhAtanA jaLamAM samudravihArIo jaLarakIganI ramata rame che. jorDanamAM jerusalemathI 40 mAIla uttare jekabano kUvo che. tenA khetaramAM sephane daiA vAve che. Itine jekaakALAnI sthApanA I. sapUrve 13mI saddImAM eDI. banA kuvA pAse pA thI pAnAra semeriTana nArI maLI hatI. manA rAjyanA dakSiNa nagara tarIke thayelI. TAyaranA rAjA pAMcamI sadInA AraMbhathI A kUvAne deraLamAM rakSita karAyo hiramanA samayamAM phiniziyanae tene mahatvanuM baMdara banAvyuM. che. Adhunika Araba zahera arihA duniyAnuM sauthI purANuM romana samayamAM I. sa. pUrvanI prathama sadImAM damAskasathI kilAmAM samAyeluM che ke nagara che. tenA suMdara bAga bagIcA Ijipta jatA mahAna remana mArgamAM akAbA eka vizrAma ane tADa vRkSenI Avakane kAraNe enTanIe karla e pitrAne sthAna hatuM. I. sa. 639mAM mahAna Araba khalIpha umare A nagaranI bheTa ApI hatI. tihAna hiroDanA samayamAM te akAbAnI mulAkAta lIdhelI ane tenA bizapa dhama guru sAthe samRddhinI Toce hatuM. ahIM ilijhAne kuvAro che. jyAre setAne te rahelA ne pachI bAlDavina prathamanI saradArI nIce I. sa. Isu khristane lalacAvavA prayatna karyo hato ane Iyu khrista 1116mAM kujheDaro akAbAmAM AvelA ane temaNe kinArA 40 divasa upavAsa karyA hatA te "lAlacane parvata" aDI pAse AvelA TApu para uThI rahI hatI. alAdInanA Araba che. jerikAmAM tela Isa sulatAnanA TIMbAnuM khodakAma karatAM sainya pachI akAbAne kabaje lIdho. i. sa. 1320mAM sula niolithika saMskRtinA vikAsanA cihno maLI AvyA che. I. tAna nAsire teno killo bAMdhavAmAM bhAga lIdho hato. tenA pUrve 7000 samayano minAro ahIM maLI AvyuM che. kilAnA daravAje lekha che temAM chelA mAmeluka sulatAna kasuha ala-dhurIne I. sa. 1505no ullekha che. tenA mukhya daravAje jorDanamAM arabI vAnagIo kabAba, hasa, ane hAsamAITa vaMzanuM pratIka che. prathama vizvayuddha vakhate rAjA mahAzI vakhaNAya che. jorDanamAM Thera Thera sAvase, sarI hoTalanI phajhale asabAne tuke pAsethI Araba 2 jyane pAchuM meLavavA sagavaDa che. pitAnuM mukhya thANuM che.nAvyuM hatuM. akAbAnA bajAramAM vividha jAtanAM paravALAM kiphAyata dare maLe che. tenA gulAbI 1883mAM janarala geDane chedIne ze.dhelI bAga-kabara zaMkhA suMdara phaladAnI tarIke vaparAya che. tenAM jaLamAM DUbakI uttaramAM jerusalamanA imArakasa daravAjA pAse che ane te mAranArA paravALAnI vividha 2 thI ja ! ane AkRtio joI bAyabalamAM ApelA Isu khristanA daphana sthAnane maLatI Ave zake che. tenA jaLamAM nAraMgI, popaTI raMganI mAchalI, siMha che tethI keTalAka tene Isu khristanI kabara mAne che ke A mAchalI, lAla ane sapheda paTTAvALI mAchalIo suMdara raMgIna rIte stiIo mATe yAtrAnuM sthAna che ane Adhunika sagapataMgiyA mAchalIo jovA maLe che ane A badhuM jovA mATe vaDo sAthe prAcIna saMskRtinA avazenA bhaMDAra tenA aneka pAradarzaka taLiyAnI hoDIo paNa tyAM che. akAbAthI UMTa sthaLoe jovA maLe che. para ke meTaramAM vADI rUmanI cittahara musApharInuM varNana Jain Education Intemational

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himAlayanI gAdamAM AvelA deza bhUtAna ! rAjavI chagme dorajI vAMcyuka nA tA. 21mI julAi e thayelA mRtyunA samAcAre bhAratamAM traNa divasa paLAye kAraNa te ApaNA paDezI dezanA mitra rAjavI hatA. bhUtAna lAyananA baMgALa ane AsAmanI uttare nepAla ane sikikamanI pUrva bAjue ane himAlayanI dakSiNe Avelu baudhdha dharmI rAjya che. i. sa. 1626 thI i. sa. 1921nA lagabhaga 300 varSo sudhI bhUtAna eka abhedya-ajANa pradeza hatA. rAjA jIgse dArajI vAMcyuka 1952 mAM bhutAnanA rAjA banyA ane 1954 mAM temaNe ( 130 sabhyAnI ) nezanala esembalI-rASTrIya maMDaLa chegsane phIthI sajIva karyuM ane tene prajAnA hita virudhdha vartanAra rAjAne gADhI tyAga karavAnI pharaja pADavAnI sattA ApI dhara mekenI tAzIgaga kolejamAM abhyAsa karanAra jagye darajIe bacapaNamAM eka navA rAkSasa joye hatA. tenu sattame varSe vadhu na karatA teNe kahyu che. tAzIMgaMgamAM khInta ravivAre huM mitro sAthe eka dukAne gayA ane rastA para eka IjAne pakaDavA ane paththara mAravA doDatA hatA. tyAre me' ekAeka moTo bhaya kara avAja sAMbhaLyA. meM joyuM te eka vicitra rAkSasa mArI khAtu AvatA hatA tene patra nahAtA tA pazu te cAlato hato. tenI be AMkho sUryanA prakAzamAM camakatI hatI. tetA mAMgI dhumATA jevu bahAra AvatuM hatuM. te gadheDA jema avAja karatA. te aTakayA. huM doDIne TekarI para caDI gayA. mArA mitro hasatA hatA temaNe mane pAThe bAlAvyA....mane lAgatu hatu ke te mane khAi jaze ke lAta mArIne gabaDAvI che. jyAre rAkSasa thobhyA tyAre eka bhAraNu khulyu... ane temAMthI keTalAMka strI puruSA kudI paDayAM. meM aMdara joyu to temAM eka sarasa kheDakAvALA khaMDa hato jIgme dorajIne tenA mitroe UMcA karyAM ane kahyuM ke te gADIche-meTara gADI pachI to jIgme darajI paNa jAte meTara hAMkavAnu zIkhI gayA hatA. vIsamI sadInA eka rAjvInI kizorAvasthAnA A anubhava te pradezanI pachAta gAmaDA jevI dazA darzAvavA purato che. bhutAnane pradeza 4700 cArasa kilA miTaranA che ane tenI vastI Aje 8 lAkhanI che. amadAvAda zaheranI vastI karatAMye echI bhAratanu dA - liMga sikikamanA gaMgaTokanI ane bhUtAnanI dikSaNe najIkamAM bhUtAnanI rAjadhAnI thinyu che. 1626 mAM prathama vakhata ja pazcimAtya--yure.pI e pAtu gIo phAdhara saMta kacelA ane Jain Education Intemational tIna zrI kRSNavadana jeTalI. kabrAle bhUtAnamAM praveza ane te pAza ane cimyuma pazcimanA paMDito tarIke Atithya pAmyA. 1774mAM bhAratabhUtAna vepArI karAra mATe briTiza rAjapurUSa jyeAja progala vimsa gayA hatA teNe bhutAnI leAkeAne nikhAlasa hRdayanA vineAdI ane vizvAsapAtra gaNya che. 1958mAM sva. vaDA pradhAna naherU bhUtAna, sikkIma ane cumbI ghATInA raste gayA hatA. 1961thI bhArata bhUtAnane navA parvatIya rastAo, zALAo, ispItAle bAMdhavAmAM sahAya karatu Avyu che. bhUtAnanA paMdara jillA che ane tyAM pa'dareka judI jukI belIe beAlAya che, paNa mukhya bhASA jhAMkhA che. yaMta junI pethIemAM bhUtAna pradeza * dakSiNa meAtanA cAra jillA ' tarIke varNavAyeA che. sauthI prAcIna du thinyu khINamAM Avela sintheAkA jhoMga che. te bhUtAna sthApaka jhADuM ge-prathama dharmAMrAje 1619mAM madha byA hatA. bhUtAna chUpA khajAnAone pradeza' gaNAya che. bhUtAna kazyapaRSinI patnI bhUtinA vaMzonI bhUmi gaNAya che. pazcima bhUtAnamAM pArecu nadInI khINa para sattA jamAvato pArA du atyAre bhagnAvazeSa sameA rahyo che. ane nAnuM rASTrIya saMgrahasthAna temAM samAyu che. pAro jIMga i ramAM praveza karatAM thAMbhalA ane te paranI lAkaDAnI kamAnone AdhAre traNe bAju divAla citrA prakAzita zaktimAMthI utthAna pAmatA bhautika padArthane nirUpe che. pUnA daravAjAnI DAbI bAjue rAkSasI maMDaLa camake che ane tenI cAre bAju bhabhakatA lAla raMganuM ' agni vatu La' che bhUrAM vAdaLA vartuLanI pazciAdabhU che ane kendramAM jhaDapathI kuratI pharatI triveNI che. vartuLo kALA svana ane meghadhanuSI raMgAmAM che. rAtA raMga pazcima mATe vAdaLI pUrva mATe pILA dakSiNa mATe ane lIle uttara mATe Ama A citromAM kei lAmAe vizvasarjanane! baudhdha khyAla rajU karyAM che. pArA jhaga madiranA minArethI pazcima baMgALa ane pArAne joDato patIya mArga vimAnIzcetra para jato dekhAya che. AnI IjI janma jayaMti 22mI mArca 1970mAM traNa divasa sudhI dhAma dhumathI ujavAi hatI. navA vimAnI kSeAtra sAme pArA khINanI pazcima chAyAthI DhaMkAyelAM bhUtAnanuMauthI prAcIna madira kayIzukha`ga sAtamI sadInA prAraMbhanA smaraNAvarodho sAcave che. duniyAnA A chApare rAjya karanAra rAjA sAMgasagamyuM.e hauddha dharma phelAvAnI pratijJA lIdhI hatI.

Page #803
94 pArA su nadInu 5 sthAna vyi pAvatI devI cAmAlhArInA uttarabhAga taLe che. eprila 970mAM bhArata bhUtAnI TUkaDIe 24000 phUTanI UMcAi parvatra caiJalyuArI pavata zikhara sara karI tyAM rAkhe zikhara para sthApavA Apela pittaLanI yuddha bhagavAnanI zAMtu mUkI bhArata ane bhUtAnanA rASTradhvante pharakAvya tAnI leka parvatanA zikharane pavitra mAne che. ane tenA para caDhANa karavAnuM pasaMda karatA nathI. 23mI eprila 1970ne Tvine lephTenanTa cAcunI pAMca mANusanI TUkIe devI cAmAlhArInI yAtrA pUrI karI zikharane namana karyuM. e gAma UcAvatA para AvelA pavitra sthaLa para jyAM tyAM maNipASAo, dharma dhajANA, prAtha nA patAkAo, ane maNuM padma ema' matrA DuMgarA para kaMDArelA dekhAya che. duka cAla jhoMgathI nAnA rastAe dhumasa ane baraphamAM chupAyela jaMgalamAM Avela ekAkI maTha hADI gespA tarapha dorI jAya che. tyAMthI dUra jatAM UMce paryaMta para taktazaga-dhanI guphA-mA dekhAya che. eka vakhata ahIM vAdhe! ghumatA hatA ane mANase vAdhA ane rAkSasothI bItA hatA. pavitra bauddha sAdhuAe A pradezane pavitra karI vAdheA ane rAkSasothI mukta karyAM. A vAdaLAmAM viharatA himAlayanA maTha khIlA vinAnA bAMdhakAmane eka namUnA che. khINamAM aMtamAM vAghanI guphAthI paheALA ane saraLa rastA utare che. pArA jhoMga phebruArI mAsanA AraMbha ke AvatA navA varSanA dine meTA dhArmikotsava ujave che. te divase sauthI meTa citramaya dhArmika TaMkA- paDado divAle Ave che. temAM guru rirpAze temanI e gahana sukhI=patnIe sAthe rezamanA TukaDAe sIvIne AlekhAyA che. guru rispeze padma saMbhava che ane temaNe AThamI sadInA aMtamAM nA itaka rAkSasone mauddhadharmI banAvyA. te buddha bhagavAnanA banne avatAra gaNAya che. A pavitra TakA AgaLa dhArmika nRtyo thAya che ane temAM maheArAM paherI vIra nRtya thAya che. sAbara haraNanAM maheArAM paherI sAbara--nRtya, mRtyunAM maheArAM sAthe smazAnanRtya Ama aneka divaso sudhI samAra'bha cAle che. puruSA tIraMdAjI spardhA yoje che. strIo paNa garabA jevA nRtyA kare che. pAro ane thisyune joDatAM navA rastA para ApaNe dezanI pragatinAM darzana karI zakIe chIe. vAMgacu nadIne kinAre junA dugamA thisyu jillAnu dhArmika ane zAsakIya kendra Avelu che. 1965mAM jImne dArajI rAjAe navAM makAna bAMdhavA hukame ApyA. A navAM makAno paNa khIlA vinAnAM purANI bAMdhakAma zailInAM hatAM chatA 8500 phUTa UMce AvelA viSNu jhagamAM vijaLI ane belanI rAkhaDAe tananA ANI che. bhUtAnI sthApatya auDA vinAnuM tevuM tenuM pramadA eziyAnI bhUlikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 ane vAstuta peDAM vina!nuM ! paiDAvALI gADIone bale meTA mANasane pharavA mATe pAlakhI vaparAtI. paththaro khecavA lai java ADe lAkaDAnA be paiDAnI lArI vapatI viSNunI uttara UMce vajrapASANa maDa Azrama Avele che. te i ja 1900mAM prazna jhAyaDuMga rASTranA maraNamAM baMdhAyelA che A kArI gALyA maMdiranA vizALa khDanAM rAjA je yAka para rAvArI karatA tenAM zIMgaDAM mUkayAM che. thAMbhalAo para suMdara citrAvALA paTA laTake . ogaNIsamI sadI sudhI rAjya karanAra jhADuM ga vaMzanA avatAranI vAta temAM AlekhelI che. madhyakALamAM bhUvAnI lAke prakhyAta yuddha vIrA hatA ane hajIe tIra dAjI temanI priya ramata che. thisyu khINamAM rASTrIya utsavanA prasaMge vividha Iya poSAkamAM tIraMdAjInI spardhAmAM AjubAstunA brAma loko utare che. tyAre eka taMbu dhanuSamANa mATe rAkhavamAM Ave che. ane bIje meTe cA pANI mATe. seMkaDo phUTa dUra eka nAnuM cakaraDuM nizAna tarIke rAkhavAmAM Ave che. dareka jaNanI kamare sIdhInAnI talavAra laTake che. temanA pAzAkanA chAtInA khissAmAM nAstA, paisA, sAyA vagere jAtajAtanI vastuo hoya che. nizAna lakSyane vIMdhI tIraMdAja havAmAM AnaMdathI kUde che, hAranAra paNa gusse thate nathI. leAkagIta, nRtya ane tIradA jInI kalAone subhaga samanvaya temanAmAM jevA maLe che. spardhA daramyAna tee cA 'cAMga' pIe . strInA pozAka kApelA, ke sIvelA nathI heAta! paNa traNa paTAthI vaLelA hoya che. temanAM kiMmatI ghareNAMmAM devAnAM AMsu' samA akSaakIka ke paravALAMnA maNakA hoya che. bhUtAnanA loko bhUTiyAnA vIra nAyaka ajeya mahAna sahagesara hatA ane tenA pUrva ja mAsaMga hatA. gesAra' mahAkAvyanA madhura gItAnA dhvanI hanu bhUtAnI lokamAM gUMje che. thisyunI uttare AvelA punaHSA menu (nI) para Avelu junI rAjadhAnI hatuM. divya parvata zikhara cAmeAlDArInA jema pazcime arIMgakoMga ane mAsAkasa, parvato pUjanIya gaNAya che. parvata jhulatI kagaDumAM jillAnA devAnu siMhAsana gaNAya che. kaMMgakara punsuma traNa prANamaya bhAInI zveta himanadI samAna che. A traNa bhAIe te bhUtAnI leAkA, AdIvAsI mena pA loko ane uttarathI AvelA tibeTa vAsIe temanA zAMtimaya sahaastitvanuM praptika che. kaMgakara, punsuma dUranA lUnAnAmAM 12300 phUTanI UMcAie Avela tyAmAM vasatA loko pAse pahoMcavA durgAma raste javuM paDe che. ziyALA mAM te rastA baraphathI chavAyelA hoya che. mAsA kaMgamAM vasamAM lAyA lekenI sImA UnanAM kapaDAM pahere che. ane khabhe jhUlatA vALa para aNIdAra TocavALI vAMDhanITopI pahere che. lIMgajI ane gADAnA nAnA killAe lAyAnI dakSiNe AvelA che. lAMbI rate punAkhA AMga lai aya che. A durgaM 'netru' ane poNuM' mAtA hatI ane hinadI nA gAMgala dhAne Do

Page #804
smRti saMdarbha graMtha 799 che. paMdaramI sadImAM pa-lekhaMDanA doraDAnA pula..vAMsanI avatAra hatI. siMdhurAjAe bhautika saMpattine tyAga karyo ane piTI ovALA mAMgaga gyAe bAMdhyA. A pula bAMdha dhArmika jIvana svIkAryuM. je habaMga sAme AveluM moTuM nAre (hAsAnI dakSiNe kaLI, nadI) para tenA prakhyAta pula badaye vRkSa guru riperonI yAtrAnI lAkaDImAMthI aMkurita thaI vadhyuM che. pAro ane thiyu vacce camatkArika saMta samAna A mahAne che. ApaNA bharUca jillAnA kabIravaDanI mAphaka. haMsakhINamAM pula bAMdhanAranA kuTuMbano maTha Avelo che, ane pAre khINanA haMsa maMdira naMga 97khaMga zasakhara cu.-nadInA pravAha pAse jyAM pazcima kinAre teNe silinDara pIpa naLAkAra) maMdira bAMdhyuM haMsa vase che, tyAM AveluM che, tenI sAthe paNa gurU ripAze che. ane temAMthI mUrtio teNe kaMDArelI kalAkRtio che. vizenI daMtakathAo saMkaLAyelI che. jyAM riporza gurue vAMgaDIDaMgathI pamAM vAMsanA jhulatA pule ane sAMkaDA lAta mArI rakSA tarapha paththaro pheMkayA tyAM vaselA gAmanuM parvatIya rastA vaTAtA mRtAnanA rAjyakulanA AvAsa to mA nAma 'kumalapada chApa che. jhoMganA darzana thAya che. temAM 6 thI suvarNa ciothI jhaLakatA Disembara mAsanA AraMbhamAM haMmadira pAse meLe vIsa maMdiro dekhAya che. temA kheMgamAM agatyanA mahevAnonA bharAya che. ane UjANI-utsava thAya che ane dhata azvapara satkAranI prAcIna praNAlI jaLavAI rahI che. dUrathI paDe mAre savAra thaIne mukhya lAmA Ave che. traNa divasanA A utsajetA nagArAM ane zaraNAI vAge che ane pAse AvatA nR. vanA AraMbha ane aMte khaganRtya khelAya che. dhArmika nRtyo kAra temane nAcatAM nAcatAM atithigRhe dore jAya che. A eka prakAranA nRtya nATako che phale--mAle cama Adi pitAe nRtya atithionA pathamAMthI due tane dUra karavAnuM pratika ane mAtAnuM maharA nRtya che. temAM svargathI ajJAna : che. nRtya sAthe sugaMdhI DALakhIone dhUpa thAya che. ekAeka lAkamAM saMskAra preravA AvelA che rAjArANIonI vAta che. rAjAne zaNagArelA veta adha khuMkhAre che tenA sAja sAthe puruSe lAkaDAnA mahorA paherI rANI bane che. rAjA rANIbAMdhelI raMgIta paTIo phara gayA. mAMsane zera---mAMsa ane lagna samAraMbha, deza mATe rAjAnuM laDavA javuM, ane dUdhane bhU teo vApare che ane sAra" mahAkAvyamAM jaMlI leDo rANIonuM apaharaNa kare pachI yuddhamAMthI pAchA hu alA thalA thalA ra' nAmanuM cahA--gIta che. temAM cahA pharatAM rAjAe temanA pradazane duSTo bhegave che ane rANIonuM banAvavAnI rIta varNavI che. 2 hAmAM mIThuM, mAkhaNa vagere apaharaNa thaevuM jANe ane duSTo sAthe yuddha caDe anerANInA' vAmAM Ave che. ene pAchI meLave tenA dazyo nRtyo dvArA bhajavAya che. khyakoMga-tapakSI daLa buma thAMga khINathI 8500 pheTanI UMcAIe Avela che ane tyAM ziyALAmAM huM ane paMdaramI sadInA prAraMbhamAM gu3 ripozanA avatAra bagalAo vAsa kare che. AThamI sadInA aMtamAM tyAM A du samA kamala jasuta' pAlI'gyAe navo yuga ANyo. kujha - adhAyo tyAre bhAratathI Avela mahAna siMdhurAjAnuM rAjya dAnA parvatIya maThamAM A aneka ghInA dIvA sAme gurU ripehatuM A rAjAnA moTA nAka' nAme oLakhAtA dakSiNamAM zenI pratimA samakSa bhAjapatra para lakhelI pappIpAnI kathA daphana hatA ane teNe bumathAM para humalo karyo tyAre rAjAe vAta sAMbhaLavI eka anero anubhava che. badhA sainikone taiyAra karyA ane badhA devadevIonI ArAdhanA dvArA vijaya meLavavA taiyArI karI. paNa te hArI gayA ane kuMjhaMgadAnI sthApanA para gurU ripezanI prajJAazvaparI' tenI demAMnI AsthA tUTI gaI. tene gAdIvArasa putra laDA- nA avatAra samI tibeTI patnIyeze khAdanI Azipa che. yezeimAM marAyo ane teNe badhAM maMdira toDI nAMkhavA hukama karyo bAda viduSI hatI ane vilAsa pratye virAgI hatI. tenA AthI deve tenA para gusse thayA ane te duHkhI thaI nirbaLa saudaryathI rAjI paNa AkarSAyo hato ane tene varavA IcchatA banyo. deza ane rAjAne bacAvavA amIra umarAvo ane hato. paNa ceze parvatAmAM chupAi gaI ane guphAmAM dhyAnamagna senApatioe jezIone bhaviSya batAvavAnuM kahyuM, paNa teoe banI tyAM tene gurU riperaze maLyA ane tene sa ja dhama dIkSA jaNAvyuM ke tene koI bacAvI zakaze nahi. Akhare eka jaNane ApI ane tenI sAthe te bhUtAna AvI hatI. pAmalApAnI tibeTamAM vasatA camatkArI guru rizenuM smaraNa thayuM. janmabhUmi kujhaMgadAnA DuMgaranI taLeTImAM che. pAmelIMgyA jAte ripeze gurue vividha nRtyo dvArA dene khuza karI duSTa luhAra hatA ane zarIre vAmanajI hatA. sattAvIza varSanI tanI asara dUra karavA ATha vividha svarUpa dhAraNa karyA. uMmare te jaMgamAM bIlADInA Topa zodhavA gayA. paNa te A nRtyotsava jevA sthAnika devavara siMha svarUpe padhAryA ane jaDayA nahi. rastAmAM temane eka sAdhu maLyA paNa pAmelI. teno bhaya je ripAze garaDanuM svarUpa dhAraNa karI siMhanA gyAe bIlADInA Topa na maLavAthI sAlune bhojana ApavA paMjAmAMthI rAjAvI zaktine mukti apAvI. Ama siMdhurAjA azakti darzAvI. te sAdhue bAjumAMthI jhADanI DALIo ane tenI prajAne ripAze gurue bacAvI. siMdhurAjAnI vAta meDI to tyAM DhagalAbaMdha bIlADInA Topa ugelA hatA. pAmamumathAganAM gupta pustaka ke zamAM che. siMdhurAjae gurune lI gyAe te cuMTI lIdhA ane pAMca prakAranA sugaMdhI masAlA potAnI suMdara putrI mAna-me pI. menameM vAdaLa-parIno sAthe rAMdhIne sAdhune jamavA AmaMtryA, paNuM sAdhu to adazya Jain Education Interational

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800 thayelA hatA. khUba zeAdhyA bAda sAdhu na maLatAM teNe Apela kAgaLanA nAnA lITo khosyo pAmImpAne vAMkatAM bhAvanuM na hatu. chatAM jAge temanA asaro tenA kAnamAM AvatA hatA. 'khaLatA sAvarendra ! tyAM tane gupta khAne! maLaze.' Aphri che. devanAgarI lIpImAMne A deza pIcchAne gupa zenA hAmyo. pAmatI'myAne lAgyu ke sAdhuveze guru pAtheyAna vagerenI vyavasthA teNe temanA avatAra rUpe svIkAravA padhAryA hatA. tethI te pa pAsa bhava guruno avatAra gaNAyA. pArkIMgyA tene samAM sabaMdhI sAthe caMdrathI pratibiMbita sarovare AvyA ane DuMgara para UbhA rahI sarovarane taLIe kevI rIte javuM te vicAratA hatA tyAM temane havAi ghaTI saMbhaLAi ane te aneka hAravALA maMdira pAse kheMcAi AvyA. temAMnu eka ja kAra ughADuM hatuM. ane tenI AgaLa kurUpa, vRddha, kANI ane mAM bahAra eka lAMbA dAMtavALI kopI zrI UbhI hatI teNe pAmalI gyAne jaNAvyu ke ripeAthe eka peTI tene mATe mUkI gayA che. sarovaranA tiLayethI upara kevI rIte javuM tevu vicAratAM to te badhuM. ucakAyA ane pharI huMgA para peTI sAthe AvI yahAMcyA. AvI pAmalI gyAnA sahasA ane vicitra parAkramanI aneka nAma che. arthe pAmavI gyA. prabhu kuyAthI dharmopadezaka banyA ane temanA zabdo 'svagIya phUlo samA meghadhanuSI raMgAnA hatA. temaNe luhArano koDha baMdha karI ane temanu eraNa 'jhaMgadAmAM amUlya smaraNAvazeSa gaNAya che. baLanA sarovaramAM pAmI rASI vaLyA tyAre eka juvAna ziSyAnA rUdanathI pANI khulatAM pAmalI gyA kArAkaTa pAchA AvyAMnI paNa eka doMtakathA che, Ama vividha sthaLeA sAthe vividha daMtakathAe joDAyelI che. bhUtAnamAM che. nadIo che tenI AsapAsa ja gAma vasyAM che. sAdhAraNa rIto dusAra pAse 20 gharo eka gAma DAya che. nadIAnA kinAre ke saMgama para UMce TekarIo para jhaga killA bAMdhelA yu che. AMganA AdAya uMDaLa pAchaLa makAna baMdhAya che. A jhAMganI nIcenI divAlA 8thI10 phUTa jADI hoya che ane upara vAM te traNa-cAra phUTa jADI hoya che, ganA taLiye nAnA kAhAra hoya che. ane sauthI uparanA geDe buddha ane zurU padmasa bavanI pratimAo hoya che, bahAranA AkramaNa vakhate baLavA DAMganA vadhu upayoga thAya bhUtAnanA prakhyAta cha aMga che. (1) pArA jhoMga pArA nadI para pAMca majalAnA che. A sauthI majabUta raMga che ane tenI AgaLa moTI khAi che. nIcenA be mALamAM anAjanA bhaMDAra che ane uparanA traNa mALamAM amala doro kacera che. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 ane darabAra bharatA hatA. tenI ra'gIna uMcI divAlo para zAbda ga ripoonu citra (2) punAkhA ga 200x40 gajanA sauthI prAcIna ane vizALa maga phI cu. ane nA cu nadIonA saMgama sthaLe che. bhUtAnanA purANA zAsaka A jhoMgamAM rahetA hatA (3) tAsI che. aMga-cimpU ghATInI madhyamAM SaTa keNI mAta che. have gyA jhoMgamAM vijaLInI mana e ane Teli lI ane temAM sI (4) vAM? phedarAMga jhoMga tenI majabUtI ane suMdaratAne kAraNe mahutvane che sunakeza ane vAMgacu (navI) vaccenA DuMgara para te AvelA che. ubera sAthe bhUtAnanA vepAra vinimaya paddhatinI thAyato hatA. cInI AkramaNa vakhate tibeTamAM bhutAnanA cAkhAnI nikAza thatI ane tibeTI bahu' vAtamAM AvatuM. pannu ekAka tibeTa sAthenA mA vepAra baMdha thatAM mIDAne dukALa paDayA ane huM jakhane 19pa6mAM bhUkhyAne bhArata pArTI nI mAMga karI. maM IkopTara dvArA cIDanI sudhA banAnA pAM cADAI ane pArasI bAta ane yuvAnano saMbaMdha vadhu saDako, bharyA banyA. 1958mAM na rUjIne na javA pATe keTalAye visAmA dasa lAgelA tyAre have pAse vadhAvIzuM Dila gathI ane cimpU. javA cAha divasane badale phakta cha kalAka lAge che, pArA ane mpUmAM helikopTaranA utarANa mATe vIpeDa thai gayA che ane hAMsInArA (huM chelI badhI ADa mAila dUra) zrI pAro likopTara UMDe che. 1969mAM te vakhatanA bhAratanA karyuM hatuM ane 1970mAM ApaNA kASTrapati nI. tA. gara nANAma'trI zrI merArajI desAIe pArA huaulipeDanu udghATana TaoNlakopTara dvArA thinyU gayA hatA. bakasA duArathI thisyU javAno meTara mArga taiyAra thai gayo che. sIlaguDIthI janArA yAtrIone Trena dvArA hAMsIpArA sudhI javuM paDe che. tyAMthI phuMche.lIMga thai AgaLa vadhavAnu hoya che. hAMcImArAthI meTara raste paNa jayagAMva javAya che. bhUtAnamAM rela ke nathI. tyAM phakta (pa) nAMga mA zAMga pUrva bhUtAna zAsananuM khA aitihA.saka nivAsa sthAna bhUtAnanI zailInuM AMdhakAma che. hu majAnI cAre bAju TArI che ane va ke jhumbA che, vartamAna vAMgyuka rAjavazanI A paitRka AgIra che. sapATInI ne 8000 phUTa UMce che. 1917mAM rAjA sAma (6) hAso kAranuM piravAranI pitta che. rAmunI tApagye dorajIe A cAMganuM nirmANa karAvyuM hatuM. tibeTanA cepAra mArga tasagAMva jhAMga ane siMdhIbAga che. ta pazu aneka jamInadAronA AMga che. pazcimI bhUtAnamAM pAMca grega ullekhanIya che. temAM chukA AMga bega thru para AvelA che ane te dakSiNa muddAnanA vepArI mAnuM rakSaNa kare che. bhUtAnanA pArTanara kiMmpUnI vastI 5000 jeTalI che.

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha ja pAmanAra pAra kahe che. bhUtAnamAra, phiAra hoya che. ane tene ' yamarI gAyanI kA hoya jaLInI mahattA ramata eka ja 'miga sinemA hAusa" che. kuMDelIMgathI bhUtAnanI bhUtAnI leke mukhyatve tibeTathI AvI vaselAM che. junI rAjadhAnI pAra javAnI saDaka 110 kilomiTaranI che. lepacA, kacArI, DukapA. nepAlI jAtio paNa bhUtAnamAM vasI che purUSe ghuMTaNa sudhIne kamare bAMdhele DhIle keTa bakakhu bhUtAnanI navI rAjadhAnI thimyu samudranI sapATIthI pahere che. te hAtha vaNATane hoya che. temanI kamare haMmezAM 8000 phUTa U ce che. prAcIna rAjadhAnI punAkhAthI te 17 charI laTakatI hoya che. strIo lAMbI bAMyanA kabajA upara dUra che. ahIM bhAratabhUtAna maMtrI ispItAlanuM udghATana Ujayu" pahere che. e lekamAM bahupati ane bahu patnIne 1970nA juna mAsamAM thayuM. thimyunI saDako DAmarathI pAkI rivAja hato, paNa rAjA jIglI vAMgacUke bahupatine rivAja baMdhAI che. viSNu nadI para eka pula che. tenA para DhAMkaNu nAbuda karyo ane traNa patnI sudhInI chUTa ApI, paNa navI che. A pUla pAra karI tAvA-vAyaralesa sTezane temaja rAja. patnI lAvatAM pahelAM junInI saMmatI levI paDe che. bhUtAnane mahela tarapha javAya che, rAjamahelanA sthAnanuM nAma che diccha-- mukhya dharma mahAyAnI baudhdha che. 75 TakA leke A dhA, chuliMga, mahelanI AsapAsa aMgarakSakone rahevAnuM sthaLa che. pALe che. gurU ne niMgyA e lAlaDapI saMpradAya phelAvyA hatA rAjamAtA mahela judo che. ahIM keTalAka samaya pahelAM Aga bhUtAnamAM strI-bhikSuNInA vihAra hoya che. ane tene "anIguA' lAgI hatI tyAre ghaNA kiMmatI purANA hastalikhita graMtha kahe che. bhUtAnamAM strIonA vALa lAMbA nahi paNa kapAvelA nAza pAmyA. rAjadhAnI pachI jhaDapathI vikAsa pAmanAra pAre TUMkA hoya che. bhUtAne navina prakAranI suMdara TapAla TikiTa che. pahelAM ahIM' thamarI gAyanI cabIthI dIvAo thatA hatA pragaTa karI che. svITajharlenDanA salAhakAra rAjyamAM che. bhUtAna, 1978thI hAIDro TekaTrIka plAMTa thatAM vijaLInI rozanI pragati karavA mathato, nAgAdhirAja himAlayanI prakRtinI suMdara thaI che. pAro pelajInA pegoDA jevA vizALa rAjamahelamAM goDamAM Avela dhArmira vahema ane zradhdhAmaya pachAta deza che. ja zrI naherU ane iMdirA gAMdhIne utArI apAyo hate. ahIM bhArata tenI pragatimAM khUba sAtha ane saDakAra tathA satha aneka stUpa, gumyA ane pavanacakkIthI cAlatu vizALa prArthanA Ape che. cakramaNi kharale che. maNina. kheralene rAta divasa pheravAyA 10000000000000000000000000000000000000 mAranuM phaLa-pUNya maLe che. bhAratabha mAM ajoDa ane Adarza eka strI saMsthA baMgALa ane bhUtAnanI sarahade Avela bakasa duAra zrI siddhikSetra zrAvikAzrama (dvAra)thI bhUtAnamAM praveza thAya che. tAnI sI nAmA praverA karatA pAlitANuM prathama bhUtAna gAma rUpAMga Ave che ane ahIM nepAlI lekA vadhu pramANamAM vasyA , rUpAM nathI sAta mAIla dUra pAnAmAM dAna, zIla, tapa ane bhAvamAM dAnane adhika mahatva aDavADiye gujarI hA-ajAra bharAya che. rUpAMgathI gheDA para besI 8 ApavAmAM AvyuM che. kAraNa ke dharmanA mArgane pravartAvanArI 8 ane dhana mArgamAM sthira karanArI save saMsthAe tenA para 22 mAIla dUra tAlA che. bhUtAnI leka atithipremI nathI tethI pahoMce. A jilla pasAra karatAM cAreka divasa lAge chesI # rbhira che 6LI jaina dharmanI jaya patAkA Aja sudhI digatamAM lAkha sudha bhUtAnI gAma che ane bhUtAnI leke sivAyanA 4 pharakatA rahI tenuM kharuM kAraNe paNa dAna ja che. dAnane mitra 8 paradezIone 'kAga' kahe Aya che. irIlAkhAthI hakA - 8 paryA akhkhalita pravAhane lIdhe ja bhavya jinabiMbo ane chukA Ave tya re thi'. javAnA mArganA agatyanA sthaLe jina maMdira nimaNu thayAM hajAro dharmagraMtha lakhAyA ane tame AvyA. thukAI.ganA amaladAra ! chu yA kahe che ane che tenA apUrva jJAnabhaMDAra banyA. pUjaya sAdhu sAvI ene rahevA, jamavA, sAmAna laI javAnI vyavasthA te sarakArI 8 ananya bhakita karI zakAI ane zrAvaka-zrAvikAkSetrane paNa amaladAro karI Ape che. bhUtAnI leke svAdiSTa lAla cokhA, che dhamaparAyaNa saMkArI tathA sukhI rAkhI zakyA. laku-mULA, kaka - dhI, ImA--maracAM, ele chetu-eka prakAranA Aje saMsthAnuM kSetra visara pAmyuM che. ane temAM zuM kArelAnuM bhajana kare che. ahIM mAMsa nathI maLatuM, eka 6 250 jeTalI bahena rahIne abhyAsa kare che. eTale tenuM vArSika OM khaca Azare rUpiyA be lAkha jeTaluM Ave che. tene paheAMcI che je tame sAthe khAvA pIvAnI sAmagrI na rAkhI hoya te upavAsa karavA paDe. sAmAna uMcakavAnA dara divasanA pAMca rUpiyA che. 8 vaLavAne mukhya AdhArU samAja taraphathI maLatAM dAna para ja che. ane ghoDAnuM bhADuM dararojanuM dasa rUpiyA che. tAlA gAmatha dAnavIre zrAvikAkSetrane navapallavita rAkhavAnA amArA savAre nIkaLe te sAMje rAchA jillAnA jesIlAkhA gAme che mane ratha purA karavAmAM sahAya kare, A saMsthAne apAyela. divAsaLInI DabbI bhUtAnI leke eka muraghI ApI detA hatA. 8 dAnanI rakama InkamaTekSamAMthI majare maLe che. Apa Apane bhAratIya rUpiyAnA 52 iMDA maLe che. bhUtAnI leke "pAMgu" udAra phALA nIcenA sthaLAe mokalI Apaze evI vinaMti che ? vAMsanI pAtaLI paTTIonA banAvelA DabbAmAM khAvAnuM rAkhe zrI sivikSetra zrAvikAzrama pAlItANu ( saurASTra) 8. che. teo ThaMDIne kAraNe hAtha pANIthI na dhetAM cabIthI ke sthAnika kamiTi vatI 8 0000000000000000 c2000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 1000000000000000000 za000000000000000000000000000000000 Jain Education Intemational

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802 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 zikSaNamAM krAMti Gram : 'STEAMTRAP Phones : Off. 322493 Resi. 357344 352733 dareka vidyAthIne hAthanuM kAma, hadayane poSaNa ne buddhine vikAsa maLavo joIe. guNa vikAsa With Best Compliments from mATe prathama cAritrya udyoga zIlatA ane sevA bhAvanA ane vyApaka vijJAna KADAKIA TRADING CORPORATION apAya te vidyArthIne sarvAgI vi kA sa sAdhI zakAya. 3, Bibian Street Nagdevi vinobA" BOMBAY-3 Before buying elsewhere Please contact us - FOR WATER METERS " to 2 " G. I. PIPES " to 1 " , C. I. REFLUX VALVES ' to 12 >> c. I. STRAINER ( :' to 12 Old water meters are repaired with guarantec & Satisfaction v00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 900000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002002 R0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 INVITES YOU TO A SHOPPING EXTRAVAGANZA UN 4 ADVERTS-RD-a OPP. OSCAR THEATRE, ANDHERI (WEST), BOMBAY-400 058 400000000000000000000000000000000000000000000-0000000000000000000002000 Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha Phone office 255915 Works 551501 " With Best Compliments From : BHARAT COAL-TAR SUPPLYING Co. Sole Agents & Distributors Jain Education Intemational. THE BOMBAY GAS Co LTD Dealers in : Coal-tar Coal-pitch & Works: Behind Teipal's Saki Naka Andheri Kurla Road, Bombay-72 Teligram PAVITRATA Empty Steel Barrels Office Union Bank Building ces Dalal Street Bombay 1-BR

Page #809
eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 zubhecchA pAThave che zubhecchA pAThave che ghioghA vi. kAryakArI sevA sahakArI maMDaLI mu. ghoghA zrI navAgAma che. vi. vi. kA. saha. maMDaLI : navAgAma (pAlItANA tAlu) (ji. bhAvanagara) sthApanA tA. 22 5-46 neMdhaNI naMbara 9228 zera bhaMDoLa 9300 sabhya saMkhyA 170 anAmata phaMDa 17350 anya phaMDa 10000 bIna kheDUta maMDaLI khAtara-biyAraNa temaja sastA anAjanuM kAma zerabhaMDeraLa 57690 sabhya saMkhyA 187 anAmata phaMDa 19457 anya phaMDa 3200 maMDaLI khAtara-biyAraNanuM kAmakAja kare che. becarabhAI mAdhAbhAI paTela vazarAmabhAI zAmAbhAI pramukha abdula hamIda hasana kurezI pIrabakSa mosamabhAI maMtrI pramukha vya. ka. sabhya : zrI jerUbhAI jonabhAI, zrI jAdavabhAI rAmajIbhAI, zrI beghAbhAI jIvAbhAI, zrI AdamabhAI bhurAbhAI, zrI kAsamabhAI nuramahamadabhAI, zrI becarabhAI jhajhAbhAI, zrI lAkhAbhAI raNachoDabhAI, zrI benjAmIna jodhAjI 7. ka. sabhya : zrI velAbhAI bhImAbhAI, zrI ravajIbhAI ThAkarazIbhAI, zrI kalyANubhAI ThAkarazIbhAI zrI parazotama ravajIbhAI, zrI rUpAbhAI, zrI bacubhAI gagubhAI virDa pAMca pAMca prAkRtika cikitsAlaya ( kudaratI upacAra kendra) jesiMhagaDha ( 5 : pAlItANu jI : bhAvanagara ) bhavya zetrujIbaMdhanI najIka DuMgarAnI gALImAM zAMtasthaLe tamArA koIpaNu dardane mATe uttama sAravAra mATenuM prAkRtika cikitsAlaya (Nature cure centre) pathArInI sagavaDatA denika phI rU. 38 00 pAMca rU. 24-00 rUA. 18-00 dasa. rUA. 12-00 paMdara rU. 7-00 janarala pArDa cArja rUA. 3-00 kansalTIMga cAja rU. 10-00 ahI oSadhIothI raMga maTADavAmAM aAvatA nathI para tu evI jIvanapaddhati zikhavavAmAM Ave che ke roga thAya ja nahIM ane hoya te te jaDamULathI jAya. kudaratI uparAMta yoga thAna ane mAnasika tathA sUryakiraNuM, cikitsA paNa ugamAM levAya cheparyA pALI zaka, saMyama rAkhI zake, ane jemane Izvare apelA A suMdara mAnava dehane svastha ane sevA bhakita upavega banAvavAnI IcchA hoya temaNe ja cikitsAlayamAM praveza mATe lakhavuM. dareka paMcAyata tathA nagarapAlikA pitAnA gAmamATenA eriya kATa rUA. 500 bharIne rakhAvI zake che. De. sanatakumAra kavi ( sAtvikacikitsaka) kansalTIMga hAusa cikitsA mATe AyurvedikakansalaTIga maLe. cikitsAlaya kavi-niketana vaidyarAja zrI hiMmatalAla ke. trivedI mu. rasiMhagaDha pAlItANA annapUrNA rajavADI pa. pAlItANA (jI : bhAvanagara) pAlItANA : (rArASTra) (jI : bhAvanagara gujarAta) Jain Education Intemational

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barmA-brahmadeza bhAratano pUrva dizAne paDozI deza zrI kRSNavadana jeTalI barmA-brAdeza ane bhAratano saMbaMdha sadIo purANo barmA IrAvaDI nadInA taTe khINamAM AveluM che. sarerAza doDha che. be hajAra varSa pUrve barmAnA dakSiNa bhAgamAM AMdhranA mAIla pahoLI IrAvadI nadI 900 mAIla sudhI jahAjethI telaMga lokonuM rAjya hatuM. ItihAsakAre kahe che ke barmAnA kheDI zakAya che. kudaratI rIte barmAnA traNa bhAga paDe che AdivAsI yu loko bhAratIya vaMzanA che. te pachI uDIsA- barmA-ArAkAna ane tenA sarIma. brahmadezane 31637 corasa orIssAnA lokoe barmA jaI tyAM rAjya sthApyuM. bhArate mAIlano vistAra ImAratI sAgane mATe kSita jaMgalone barmAne brAdezane pahelAM hindudharma ane pachI bauddha dharma che. brahmadezamAM varSa mAM 200 iMca varasAda paDe che. Apyo. 19mI sadInA aMtima varSomAM aMgrejoe brahmadeza barmAmAM bhAratIya ane khAsa karIne gujarAtInuM para adhikAra jamAvyo ane 1937 sudhI brahmadeza briTiza je mAnabharyuM sthAna hatuM tene khyAla ApaNane zrI jhaveracaMda bhAratane eka prAMta hato. te pachI tenuM alaga rAjya thayuM. meghANInI navalakathA "phayA lereprabhu padhAryA"parathI AvI bhAratanI AjhAdI pachI 1948nI cothI jAnyuArIthI brahma- zake tema che. bIjA vizvayuddha pahelAM barmAmAM dasa lAkha dezane svataMtratA maLI ane tethI cothI jAnyuArI tene bhAratIya loka hatA. temAMthI keTalAMka barmA para jApAnanuM rASTradina che, barmAmAM pAMcamI sadIne maLI Avela prAcIna AkramaNa thayuM tyAre bhArata AvyA ane pAchA pharyA nahi. zilAlekha govAnA kinArAnI kadamba lipimAM che. AThamI barmAnI AjhAdI bAda jhaDapathI bamIkaraNa thavA lAgyuM ane sadIne eka zilAlekha AMdhramAM pracalita hatI te palava tethI ghaNuM bhAratIya loko bhArata AvyA. 1966 sudhImAM bhASAmAM che. telaMgaNunA lokee I. sa. 1757 sudhI dakSiNa lagabhaga paMdara hajAra bhAratIya barmAthI bhAratamAM AvyA. barmAmAM pIgU zAsana sthApeluM hatuM. pIgUnuM bIjuM nAma 1966thI 1969 sudhImAM savAlAkha jeTalA bhAratIya barmAthI ussA-uDIsAnuM apabhraMza che. prasiddha itihAsakAra jI. I. bhAratamAM AvyA. chatAM hajI be lAkha jeTalAM bhAratIya hanA matAnusAra barmAnI Adi kathAo batAve che ke amI barmAmAM che; eka lAkha jeTalA to keTalIka peDhIothI tyAM loko bhagavAna budhanI jAtinA dezanA hatA ane pahelAM vasyA che ane temaNe badhI strIo sAthe lagna karyA che. uttara bhAratanA vatanI hatAM. cIna ane tibeTa bAjunA barmAthI dara varSe moTI saMkhyAmAM amI o bauddha tIrthonI moMgola loke barmAmAM vasyA hatA. yAtrAe bhArata Ave che. barmAnI sarakAre raMgUna ane barmAnI uttara sarahade bhAratanuM AsAma rAjya ane anya sthAne para AjhAda hiMda phaja ane netAjI subhASacIna AvelAM che. pUrvamAM cIna ane thAIlenDa, dakSiNamAM caMdra bojhanA smArako banAvavAmAM sahayoga Apyo che.. baMgALAno upasAgara ane pazcimamAM AsAma ane bAMglA- Ama bhArata ane barmAnA saMbaMdhe hajI mitrIbharyA che. deza che. brAdezano vistAra sAta rAjayo sAthe kula ra61, bhAratamAM khanIja tela nIkaLyuM te pahelAM khamAM, 789 corasa mAIlane che ane tenI vasati lagabhaga aDhI eziyA ane bhAratanA dezone dIvAbattI mATe kerosIna karoDanI che. 84 TakA uparAMta loko bauddha dharma pALe che. pUruM pADatuM hatuM. barmAmAM cAra hajAra uparAMta telanA kuvA brahmadeza pegaDAno-bauddha maMdirono deza kahevAya che. raMgUna, che. hajI paNa "barmAzela" peTrola ane kerosIna tathA mAMDale, maulamina ane besana moTA zahero che. tenuM calaNa barazana gesa mATe jANItI kaMpanI che. barmAmAM cAra hajAra nANuM "kayATa" bhAratanA doDha rUpiyAnI kiMmatanuM che. tenuM hAthIo lAkaDA uMcakavAnA dhaMdhAmAM rokAyelA che. A vibhAjana paisAmAM nahi paNa pyAsamAM thAya che. brahmadezamAM hAthIo jaMgalamAMthI bhAre lAkaDAnA thaDo UMcakIne nadImAM 2000 mAIla uparAMta relave, 12000 mAIla uparAMta pAkA vahevaDAve che. ane tyAMthI te lAkaDAnI mIlomAM vaheravA rastA ane 4000 mAIlanA jalamArgo che. cokhA, rU5 ane mATe laI javAya che. temaja samudra mAraphata jahAjomAM videza peTrola ane ImAratI lAkaDAnI nikAza A deza kare che. pahoMcADAya che. vAMsanA ghare gAmaDAmAM baMdhAya che ane Jain Education Intemational

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906 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-ra vAMsamAMthI aneka prakAranI kalAtmaka vastuo banAvAya che. je pramANe bAdamAM hiMndu dharma ane bauddha dharmamAM sagharSa thayA hatA te ja pramANe barmAmAM pahelAM gayelA kiMtu mane pAchaLathI gayelA boho vacce sagharSa thayAnI aneka jAtA pracalata che. temAM telaMga vIrAMganA bhadevInI vAta atyaMta Akapriya che. pIyUno rAja nisa buddha dharma viruddha hatA ane bauddha pratimAo tAkAthI pheMkI detA. te tenA mavamAM hindu dharmanI ja upAsanA thAya ema icchatA. para humalo thayA. A humaao tevujhe buDho sAme hindu e karyA hatA. AkramaNakArIonA netA sAra vA hatA teNe vimalane patra lakhI jaNAvyuM ke je kAI bauddha tene mala yuddhamAM harAvaze te te humA haTAvI pAma pharaze. vimala mayuddha mATe yoddhAnI zodhamAM hatA. eka zikArIe e samaye besAnA jaMgalamAM eka thIra yuvakane joyA tenI thAta panIne karI. patnIe e vAta rAjAne karI inAma meLavavA patine samajAvyeA. rAjAne vAta maLatAM temaNe vIra yuvakane levA maMtrIone mAkalyA ane te yuvaka AvatAM rAjAe tene pe!tAnA bhatrIjA tarIke eLakhI lIdhA. rAtre pAcana karI gAdItyAga karavAnI icchA banAvI. yuvakane lakhkhA sAthe mandAyuddha karaba jAvyuM, yuvake sAta dinanI mahetala mAMgI ane te pAtAnI pAlaka bhezanI AjJA laI Avye. ane layakhAne harAkhyuM. A yuvaka te vIra kuna atha. tenA mAnamAM rAjAe thATAna jillAmAM kuna thA pegoDA badhAgye ane kuna athAne rAjA banAvyA. eka vepArInI putrI bhadradevI auddha dharmanI anuyAyI hatI ane dasa varSanI vadhu buddha pracanA sAMbhaLavA mAtApitA sAthe jatI. jyAre te 16 (sI) varSanI thaI tyAre nadImAM snAna karatAM tene hAya eka bauddha pratimA para. pA. sAnAnI DenimAM na la lIpI. tenI dAsIe tene kahyuM ke rAjA niksa bauddha pratimA A teDIne pheMkI de che. ane khuda bhagavAnanI pUjA karanArane mArI nAMkhe che. bhadree A vAtathI DaryA sivAya te pratimA mATe eka nAnu maMdira pegoDA banAvI tenI pUjA karavA mAMDI. rAjane A vAtanI khabara paDatAM badalIne darabAramAM melAvI ane tenI sAme pAgala hAthIone maLyA. bhadevIe bhagavAna buddhane a MtarathI jayadyASa karyA ane koI paNa hAthI tenI sAme gayA nahi. A jANI rAjAe tene jIvatI bALI nAMkhavA Aza ApyA. para bhakta prahalAda jema ciMtAmAM paNa daivI baLI nahiM. rAtAo cirAI tenA sAta TUkaDA karavA hukama choDayo paNa hadapArA dravIne kApI ke mArI zakavA ni. AthI Azcaya pAmI rAjAe pAte ja auddhadharmanA svIkAra karyo ane bhadradevIne potAnI parANI banAvI. barmAnA ItihAsa 11mI sadIthI zarU thAya che. te pUrvanI lAtA ThaMbA kakathAo jevI che. 800nI sAlano cInI lekhAmAM barmAne 'ppu" deza tarIke oLakhAvAyA che. rAjA pyunI rAjadhAnI preAma nagaramAM hatI. prAmanA pyu rALa dattapAtra vize aneka takathA pracalana che. gru rAjavaMzanA pAna pachI dhAnya kuTuba pAgAna su' ane tyAM 19 gAmAnuM eka nagara vasAdhyu ane te dezanuM mukhya kendra banyu'. prasiddha yuropIya yAtrI mA peAlA e jaNAvyuM ke evA pAmAna nagaramAM lAkha pagAThA che. pAgAnanA DerAmAM pAMca hajAra peMge!DA hajI gaNI zakAya che. pahelAMnA hindu mitarAnu paNa pegoDAmAM parivartana thayu che. sane 960nI lagabhaga pALAnanA rAjA nyAMga savarAhana hatAM ane te Ari purjArIonA prabhAva taLe hatA sane 1048mAM anubahuta rAnA yuga zarU thayA. rAjA anavahate vaizAlInI rAjakanyA pacakachANI sAthe lagna karyuM hatuM 1 bIjI vAta che tevA vIrakuna thAnI, pIkUnA telaMga kAbA thayo tenA nAnAbhAI vimAne potAnA vArasA nimyA ane tene nakAzana vidyAbhyAsa mATe mokayo. te pachI rAja cAle eka karana surI sAthe lagna karyuM' ane te pAnAnA bhAIne vI to vAta abhyAsa karI pIMgbana zabdanA prathama udgama vagara pArI maLela 9mI sadInA zilAlekhamAM maLe che. pAchA Apo tyAre ghumale tenu svAgata na karyuM. AthI vimalane koSa to ne thamasane mArI nAkhyA. thamanI raNIzrI pattA evA bahAne paNa mArI nAMkhavA tenuM hukama karyA. paNa rANIe nagara bahAra jaMgalamA bhese vacce ALakane chupAvI dIdhA ane te bese vacce ucharyAM. jyAre rAjakumAra sALa varSanA thayA tyAre rAjya amAM gAmaDAMnA pradeza che. 85 TakA vasatI pa. hajAra gAmaDAmAM vase che. ane kharcamAM 284 jeTalA nagarA che. rana barmAnI rAjadhAnI che. raMgUna agALanA upasAgaranI khADIthI ra0 mAIla dUra Avelu sAru badara che ane dezanA AyAta nikAzanA 85 TakA vepAra A aMdara mAraphate thAya

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smRti saMdarbhagraMtha che. raMgananI saDako pahoLI che ane te pUrvanuM sauthI suMdara ane cAnI lokonI saMkhyA. A nagaramAM sArA pramANa mAM nagara kahevAya che. raMgUnanI sthApanA 1755mAM amI rAjA che. ane temAM bhAratIya maMdiro ane cInI bAddha madirone AloMgamAmAe karI hatI. paNa 1824 sudhI teno vikAsa saMkhyA paNa maTI che. thayo nahoto. aMgrejonA pravezathI teno vikAsa thayo ane ArA kAna kSetranuM mukhya baMdara akayAkha bhAratIya zahera tenI vasato 18 lAkhanI thaI. temAM 40 hajAra bhAratIya jevuM lAge che. paraMtu have temAM bhAratIyonI saMkhyA mI ane bhAratIyonA vaMzajo che. nagaramAM be sarovara che. kaMdAvatI nathI. mAMDalethI 120 mAIla dakSiNe AveluM prAcIna pAgAna ane ivA. IvA sarera para raMgUnanuM vizvavidyAlaya AveluM 40 lAkha pegoDAnuM nagara " kahevAya che. tenI sthApanA che. raMgunanA rASTrIya saMgrahasthAnamAM amI rAjA minDo- anavahata rAjAe 1084mAM karI hatI. paNa 13mI sadImAM nana siMhAsana mahArANInI bAdazAhI bagI. 15DanI mAMgalenA saradAra kubelAIne tene lUMTI Aga lagADI tAMbAnI topa, sAtamI sadInI buddhi ati e. jovA lAyaka barabAda karyuM. mA poloe tenI yAtrAnA varNanamAM lakhyuM che. aMtima bama rAjA thibonuM siMha siMhAsana 27 phUTa hatuM ke ahIMnA je rAjamahela meM kayAMya joyo nathI. UMcuM che. ane kalA kArIgarIno adabhUta namUno che. 2 gUnanA pAgAnanuM purANuM nAma aradamana pura hatuM. rASTrIya pustakAlayamAM 50,000 pustaka 13,335 tADapatra barmAmAM dareka nagara ke gAma bhAddha maMdira piDAnI para lakhelA graMtho ane 2300. hastalikhita graMtha che. barmAnA AjubAju vaseluM che. rASTrapitA AgasAnanA TAvara lenamAM AvelA gharamAM temanuM jeTalAM puruSa teTalAM pegaDI barmAmAM haze evuM saMgrahAlaya che. temAM jema te rahetA hatA tema badhuM sAcavyuM che. anumAna che. paraMtu raMgUnanuM dago pegoDA aDhI hajAra mAMDale barmAnuM mukhya saMskRti kendra che. tenI moTI varSa jUnuM ane sauthI moTuM che. okakalA rAjyanA be jelamAM bhAratanA chellA mogala bAdazAha bahAdUrazAha jhaphara vepArIoe bhagavAna buddhanA pavitra vALa meLavyA ane ne tathA ApaNA rASTranetA loka mAnya TILakane keda rAkhavAmAM rAjAe siMguttarA DuMgara para sonerI pegoDA banAvyuM. AvyA hatA. mAMDalenI sthApanA 1857mAM samrATa minaDAne ekakalA nagaranuM nAma 11mI sadImAM dAga hatuM ane te karI hatI ane aMtima bamI samrATa thi banI te rAjadhAnI bAda 'raMgUna" thayuM. A pageDA AraMbhamAM 27 phuTa UMcuM hatuM. rAjA thibone aMgrejo e deza nikAla karI bhAratamAM hatuM paNa 1362mAM bindra rAjAe tene 66 phaTa UMcuM ratnAgirimAM mokalI Apyo hato. ane teno 1916mAM banAvyuM ane 1764mAM avAnA rAjA senabuzine tene hAla dehAMta thaye. mAMDalanA paththaranA killAnI cAre bAju UMDI che. tema 32 phUTa UMcuM banAvyuM. jamIna para tene parigha khAI che. rAjamahelanI dazA dilhInA lAla kilA jevI thaI 142 0 phUTa che. tenI cAre bAju 64 nAnA pegaDA che che. mAMhenI vasatI (sADAtraNa) lAkhanI che. nagaramAM ane cAra dizAmAM cAra meTA pageDA che. cAre khUNe siMhaThera Thera bauddha zikSaNa kendro ane zerIe zerIe nATayagRha dvAra ane dharmazALAo che. temAMnuM lAkaDAnuM kotarakAma che. eka karoDa rUpiyAnA kharce banelA eka mAIla lAMbo atyaMta suMdara che. temAMno eka ghaMTa 1881mAM rAjA tharaIrAvadI nadI parano pUla 1938mAM baMdhAyela hato ane vakIe bheTa dharela. 140 Tana vajanane ane sADA ATha 1942mAM jApAnI humalA vakhate aMgrejoe te uDAvI dIdho phUTa UMce che. bIje dhaMTa 16 Tana vajanane sAta kaTa 1lpakamAM te pharIthI baMdhAyo che. UMco che. pegaDA para caDhavA mATe cAre bAju sIDIo chesAlavIna nadI paranuM maulamIna baMdara lAkaDA ane ane pUrva ane dakSiNamAM vijaLInI liphaTa che. khA mATe prakhyAta che. tenI vasatI doDha lAkhanI che. raMgUna zaheranI vacamAM Avela sule pegoDA 2250. vilagana TAputhI tenuM baMdara surakSita che. duniyAnA dezomAM varSa pUrve mona vaMzanA rAjAoe baMdhAvyo hato. ane ImAratI lAkaDuM A baMdarethI videzamAM jAya che. bhAratamAMthI be bauddha bhikSuko temAM rAkhelA bhagavAna buddhanA IrAvadInI sahAyaka nadI besina para besina baMdara avazeSa lAvyA hatA. A pegoDA 117 phuTa UMco che. raMgUnathI bIjA naMbare Ave nagaranI vasatI 1 lAkhathI pagAnamAM je koI pegoDA bacyA che. temAM AnaMda adhika che. cokhAnI nikAsa A baMdarethI thAya che. bhAratIya pegoDA sauthI suMdara che. ane te bhAratIya madira je. Jain Education Intemational

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808 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 dekhAya che, tyAM paththaramAM gauttama buddhanA jIvananA prasaMge 18 phaTa pahoLo che. tenI pAse eka bauddha vizvavidyAlaya ane jAtaka kathAo kaMDArela che. emAM bhagavAna buddhanI baMdhAvavAmAM AvyuM che. temAM vizvanA bauddha vidvAna cAra senerI pratimAo che. mahAlathI pegaDA pagAnamAM adhyayana karavA Ave che. akhila vizva bauddha pariSadanI sauthI UMcA che. te 1234mAM rAjA naMdagaye baMdhAvelo chaThThI beThaka ahIM maLI hatI. hato. thAta bindu pegoDA paNuM pAgAnanA khaMDeromAM surakSita pAgAna rAjya chinna bhinna thatAM dakSiNa barmA para che. 1144mAM rAjA kamAnasiddha te baMdhAvelo hato. te 210 baree adhikAra jamAvyo. tenI rAjadhAnI arabhamAM phUTa UMce pAMca mALano pegaDA che. pahelA ane bIjA martabAna hatA. ane pAchaLathI pIgu. ene vaMza 1536 mALe temAM bauddha bhikSuo rahetA, trIjA mALe bhagavAna sudhI cAlyo. A baherUe amI kAyadAzAstranI AdhAra buddhanI vizALa mUrti che. cothe mALe pustakAlaya che ane zilA mUkI teNe bhAratamAMthI manusmRti tathA anya kAyadAnuM pAMcame mALe buddha bhagavAnanA pavitra avazeSa che. pAgAnanA sAhitya maMgAvyuM ane bauddha bhikSuone ekatra karI kAyadAnuM marathI pAMra mAIla dara kaAcena pAse Avela jIga saMkalana tayAra karAvyuM. e saMkalana "barU dhammathoTa' tarIke pegaDAnuM bAMdhakAma 1944mAM rAja anavahate zarU karAveluM oLakhAya che. ane bama kAyadAne te janaka che. ane te rAjA kayAnasiddha puru karyuM. raMgUnanA dago rAjA Alega pAyAe 1750 sudhImAM barmAnuM ekatrIpeigoDA jevo A pegoDA che. pegaDAnI cAre bAju bhagavAna karaNa karI saMgaThana karyuM. buddhanA pUrva janmonI kahANI kaMDArelI che. pegoDAmAM barmAnI kAcina jAtino pradeza uttaramAM bhArata ane bhagavAna buddhano pavitra dAMta rAkhavAmAM Avyo che. barmAnA cInanI sarahade AvelA suMda2 senerI pradeza che. tyAMnI badhA bauddha loko A pegaDAnA darzane Ave che. ane nadIomAMthI senAnA kaNa maLe che. ane kAcina loko te varSamAM ekavAra pavitra dAMtanuM darzana karAvAya che. khUba mahenata karI bhegAM kare che. kAcinanI rAjadhAnI minakInA gopalita pageDA 1173mAM rAjA narapati siddha raMgUnathI uttaramAM 710 mAIla dUra che. UMcA DuMgara para baMdhAvelo hato. ane te thAnavinda pigoDA jevo che. A vAMsanI divAlo ane lokhaMDanA patarAnA banAvelA temanA pegoDAno ItihAsa eka zilAlekha para kotarela che. rAja makAno tathA khetare jANe AsamAnamAMthI laTakatAM hoya anabrahate 1057mAM ghATona para vijaya meLavyA bAda dhesanada evAM lAge che. kAcina leAko gurakhA jevA majabUta ane pegoDA baMdhAvyuM. A pageDAnA traNa daravAjA para hindu kadAvara hoya che. ane yuvAna lazkaramAM moTI saMkhyAmAM devatAonI mUrtio che. joDAya che. temano bheTo tahevAra manamAM che. ane tyAre vizvamAM sauthI vizALa bhagavAna buddhanI sUtelI mUrti strI-puruSo sAmUhika nRtya kare che. A nRtya amI yU " raMgUnathI 50 mAIla dUra pIgUnagaramAM che. A pratimA 180 nRtyathI bhinna che. kAcinanA mukhya sthAna bhAmonI UMcAI phUTa lAMbI che. ene khabhA AgaLa 50phuTa jADI-pahoLI che. 6000 phuTa ane ziyALAmAM tyAM barapha paDe che. sinaluna pI nagara pAse matadAna nagara AveluM che. tyAMnI athANA kALamAM cInI lokonI hIlacAla para cakI rAkhavA rADAra mATenI cInI mATInI baraNIne martabAna nAme oLakhAya yaMtra rAkhavAmAM AvyuM che. che. ane te yuropa ane bhAratamAM paNa prakhyAta hatI. sauthI barmAnuM zAna rAjya 54 hajAra corasa mAIlano pahelA 150kamAM barmAmAM AvanAra yuropIya yAtrI luDo- vistAra dharAve che. ane tenA be bhAga che. uttara zAna ane vike di vardhAimAM hato. sauthI prathama agreja yAtrI rApha dakSiNa zAna. A pradeza 3000 phUTanI uMcAIe che ane kica 1580mAM barmAmAM AvyuM hatuM. teNe pIgU te samayanI barmAne sauthI suMdara pradeza che. bhAratamAM jema unALAmAM rAjadhAnI mATe lakhyuM che. "pIgU" jevI sArI ane sIdhI simalA, nainItAla, masurI jevA sthaLonuM mahatva che tevuM saDako duniyAmAM koI ThekANe nathI. A saDako para eka sAthe A pradezanuM mahatva che. dakSiNa zAnanI rAjadhAnI gaI 12 gADI cAlI zake che." nagara che kAlo nAmanA 4300 phUTa UMcAIe AvelA raMgUnathI sAta mAIla uttare kabAsAme pegoDA 1951mAM sthAna sudhI prathama vizvayuddhamAM aMgrejoe pakaDelA tukI vizvazAMti mATe baMdhAvAyA hatA. te 118 phUTa UMce ane yuddha kedIo mAraphata relave lAIna nAMkhavAmAM AvI che. Jain Education Intemational

Page #814
smRtisaMdarbhagraMtha A eka IjanerI camatkAra samAna gaNAya che. kAlo pAse snAna karAvAya che. heLI mAphaka loko ekabIjA para pANI sagabana mIThAM saMtarA mATe barmAmAM bhAratanA nAgapura jema chAMTe che. dharmaguruone bhojana apAya che. me mahinAnA prakhyAta che. oNgaImAM eka lAkhanI vasatI thaI che. ane AraMbhamAM kona mAsamAM pUrNimAne divase "kasena gaI" suMdara baMgalA; saDako; bagIcA banyA che. tenA sarevaramAM tahevAra buddha bhagavAne vaTavRkSa nIce meLavela jJAnane tahevAra pagathI naukA-calAvavAnI eka navIna AkarSaka kIDA thAya che. ane tethI vaDanA jhADane pANI caDAvAya che. navembara che. eka naukA 50-50 mANaso pagathI haMkAre che. ane tenI mahinAmAM tAju pheMga tahevAre rozanI thAya che. bhikSuone spardhAomAM mahilAo paNa bhAga le che. ahIMnI pAduMga dAna apAya che. ane phuggAo uDAvAya che. * ane sadAuMga jAtinI strIonI garadanamAM sAta varSanI cothI jAnyuArI rASTrano AjhAdI divasa che. 12mI uMmarathI pittaLanA kaDAo nAMkhIne khUba UMcI Doka karavAmAM phebruArI saMgha divasa che. A divase 1947mAM barmAnA Ave che. 27 jeTalAM kaDAM gaLAmAM paherAvAya che. ane rASTrapitA AgasAne badhI jAtionI ekatA sAdhI hatI. jirApha jevI garadana UMcI thAya che. zAna loko kALA ra7mI mArca senA dina che. ane 19mI julAI zahIda pAyajAmAM pahere che. ane mAthA para vAMsanI TopalI jevI dina che. A rASTrIya tahevAra che. bama navuM varSa mArcanI TopI pahere che. tathA vAMsanI lAMbI pAIpamAM tamAkunA vacamAM zarU thAya che. tenA mahinAo krama pramANe dhumADA kADhe che. lAziyonA garama pANInA jharaNAmAM gaMdhaka (1) tAgU (7) thADiMgayuna che. ane aneka bimArIonA ilAja mATe te barmAmAM (2) kasena (8) tAjegamena prakhyAta che. (3) nAyana (9) nAdo barmAmAM adhikAMza janatA bauddhadharmanA anuyAyI che. (4) vAstu (10) hAthe ane tripiTaka sAhitya tenA dharmano AdhAra che. pAlI (5) vAgega (11) tAbADhe bhASAmAMthI have A sAhityano banI bhASAmAM anuvAda (6) tathAlina (12) tA laga che thavA lAgyo che. ane 40 khaMDomAMthI 27ne anuvAda thaI tahevAramAM koI jAtine bhedabhAva nathI rAkhavAmAM cakayo che. barmAmAM 83 bauddha vihAramAM bauddha dharmanuM Avato. pegaDAmAM paNa badhA pitAnA vArA pramANe pUjA zikSaNa apAya che. ane uraca-zikSaNamAM "pAlI patasbayana' kare che. lagnamAM paNa UMca nIcanA bheda nathI. nI upAdhi apAya che. barmAnA A bauddha vihAra-zikSaNa bama strI purUSomAM temanA nAma AgaLa kula ke kendro "gaIkoMga" kahevAya che. ane temAM bALakane aTaka nathI hotAM paNa teomAM vaya anusAra saMbaMdhana thAya - sAta varSe "zinTa!" dIkSA apAya che. aMgrejI julAI che jemake bhAI mATe "meMga', moTAbhAI mATe "ke" ane mahinAmAM bamI mahino vAro Ave che. ane tenI pUrNi- bahena mATe "mA", cAcI mATe "do" vRddha vaDilo mATe mAe buddha bhagavAne svargavAsa karyo hovAthI abhidhama "u" zahadane ke pratyayane prayoga AgaLa thAya che. koInuM pATha karavAmAM Ave che. ane buddha bhikSuo ane paga nAma "sIna' hoya to tenI bAlyAvasthAmAM tene "meMgasIna lakone navAM kapaDAM vagere apAya che. A samayathI traNa kahevAya, yuvAvasthAmAM "ko sIna " ane vRddhAvasthAmAM 'usIna mahinA sudhI upavAsa karavAmAM Ave che. ane A samayamAM kahevAya. lagna thatAM nathI ke makAna badalAtuM nathI A traNa mAsa aThavADiyAnA divaso sAthe koI pazunuM joDANa heya pUrA thatAM "thADiMgayuna" (okaTobaramAM) dIvAlIno tahevAra che. semavAra-vAghano vAra che. maMgaLa-siMha, budha-hAthIno, e nAmanA mahinAmAM Ave che traNa divasa sudhI dhAmadhUma guru uMdarano zukra-Dukkarane; zani-Dreganano ravi-kAlpanika sAthe rezanI, bhojana samAraMbha vagerethI navA raMgaberaMgI ardhapakSI-apazuno bALakonA nAma te je vAre jamyA kapaDAM paherI loko tahevAra ujave che. 0 2 talAka have che. hoya te vAranA prathamAkSara parathI paDAya che. eka ja vAre 13mI eprIlanI AsapAsa amI nUtana varSano janmelA chokarA-chokarI te vAre nahi paNa anya divase thijJAna tahevAra Ave che tene jaLa tahevAra paNa kahevAya jamelA sAthe lagna karI zake. bALakonA nAme vicitra che. buddha pratimAone savAre attara ane gulAbajaLathI arthanA hoya che jema ke zrImAna hAthIdAdA, zrImAna vAMkA, Jain Education Intemational ation Intermational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 zrImAna tenA bApa jevA; kumArI kutarAnuM hADakuM; kumArI mazahura che. "nATakhI" eka prakAranuM bhagavAna buddhanI kahANI tophAnI, kumArI sasalI vagere sAta varSanA chokarAne mAthe sAthe Adhunika nATikAnuM mizraNa che. "Ie nakhI" nRtya muMDAvI janoI devA jevI "zapU" dikSA-dhArmika zikSaNa nATikAmAM sAmUhika nRtya pradhAna pade che. ane jakhImAM praveza apAya che. ane 11 varSanI chokarInA kAna viMdhAya mANasa jAnavaranA rUpamAM nRtya kare che. che. tyAre utsava ujavAya che. mahemAnane AthelI cAnA badhAM amIra mahele AgaLa siMha vAghanI mUrtio paDikA apAya che. chokarInAM page chuMdaNAM chuMdAvAya che. barmAmAM hoya che. prAcIna citrakalAmAM pegaDAnI dIvAlo para lagnamAM dahejanI prathA nathI. ane vidhi saraLa che. ane bhagavAna buddhanA jIvananAM prasaMgo AlekhAyA che. raMgIna lagna kharcALa nathI. kapaDAM vALI vAMsanI chatrIo barmA janArA videzI loko bamamAM puruSo karatAM strIonuM samAjamAM vadhu mahatva kharIde che. akIkanI khANomAMthI maLatA akIkanuM suMdara che. bahAranA kAma strIo kare che. ane gharanA puruSe kotarakAma barmAmAM thAya che. jema gujarAtamAM khaMbhAtamAM paraMtu have A prathA ghaTatI jAya che. strI-puruSa badhA prakAranA thAya che tevuM. kAma kare che. mahenata ane tAkAtanuM kAma puruSo kare che. barmAnI pitAnI ramata cinalena che. 16 iMcanA haLavAM kAmo strIo. strIone moTA hoddA paNa apAya che. netaranA pilA daDAthI eka sAthe cha mANaso rame che. phUTabola khetIkAmamAM adhika mahilAo rokAyelI hoya che. gharamAM paNa barmAmAM pracalita ramata che 1961mAM raMgUnanA aMgasAna saMpattinI mAlika strI gaNAtI hatI ane tenA mRtyubAda sTeDiyamamAM eziyAI ramata spardhAo thaI hatI. mAMDalemAM patravadhUo temano vAraso meLavatI. A prathA have gAmaDAomAM dara varSe hAthInI deDanI harIphAI yojAya che. vizeSa tahecAle che. barmAmAM vepAranuM kAma strIo kare che. barmAmAM vAroe maraghAM tetaranI laDAI meLAomAM thAya che. mAchalAM mahilAonI sthiti AjhAda hovAthI vezyAo nathI. strI pakaDavA vAMsanI moTI pahoLI ane UMDI pilI bAladI puruSono paheraveza lagabhaga sarakho che. nIce laMgI ane ghATanI megAni jevI TopalIo banAvAya che. ane te upara sAroga aMgarakhA. puruSo sapheda aMgarakhA pahere che. jALane badale keTalAMka mAchImAre vApare che. ane mAthe sapheda rUmAla "meMgalaga" bAMdhe che. strIo raMgabe- Adhunika barmAnA vizvavikhyAta traNa netAo che. eka raMgI aMgarakhAM pahere che ane mAthe vALanI gUMthelI kesarI vakhatanA yuna-rASTrasaMghanA maMtrI uthAMTa, barmAnA naheru ut sera ane kala bAMdhe che. je pati ALasu ke rogI hoya che ane barmAnA vartamAna rASTrapati jana2la ne vina. uthAMTa patnI chUTAcheDA meLavI zake che. ane je patnI eke putrane raramI jAnyuArI 1909ne dine janmyA hatA. te temanI janma na Ape to pati chUTAcheDA meLavI zake che. skUlanA adhyApaka ane 1961mAM AcArya thayA. 1965mAM bamAM bhASAnuM vyAkaraNa pAlI ane saMskRta para yunenA maMtrI DAga hemara zeDanA mRtyu bAda te yunAnA AdhArita che. Aga pAyA rAjavaMza daramiyAna bama maMtrI banyA ane temaNe kuzaLatAthI potAnuM kAma karI sAhityano vizeSa rUpe vikAsa thayo. amI bhASAmAM bAra eziyAnuM nAma rozana karyuM. u- barmAnA prathama vaDA hajAra zabdo tibeTI ane cInI bhASAnA che. saMskRta ane pradhAna hatA. agasAnanI hatyA pachI deze temane netA pAlI bhASAnA zabdo paNa moTI saMkhyAmAM che. bama loko tarIke cUMTAyA hatA. temanA vakhatamAM ja barmAe AjhAdI vAMcavAnA khUba zokhIna che. 1969mAM barmAmAM cAra hajAra prApta karI. janarala ne vina, ujUnA mitra hatA. 1962mAM ne jeTalAM navAM pustako pragaTa thayAM hatAM. raMgUnamAMthI 6 amI vine unanI sarakArane uthalAvI senika zAsana zarU karyuM. ane 3 aMgrejI samAcAra patro pragaTa thAya che. 70 TakA unue bauddha dharmanA aneka pustako lakhyAM che. temanI amIna amIra loko zikSita che. bhASAmAM lakhelI saraLa prAthamika "dhama zikSA' nAmanI khamI saMgIta 1500. jeTaluM purANuM che. vAghomAM copaDI prAthamika zALAomAM bhaNAvAya che. janarala ne gaga (DhAlanuM cakaka2) kIga (ghaMTanuMcaka) tathA seMga vine 1963mAM videzI beMkanuM rASTriyakaraNa karyuM ane ( eka prakArano taMbUro) tathA vAMsamAMthI banelA vAdyo audyogika kSetre barmAnI pragati sAdhI. Jain Education Intemational

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pUrvanuM svIjharleDa-lebanona zrI. kRSNavadana jeTalI vasaMta RtunA AraMbhamAM lebanona gayelo pravAsI karavA ghaNAM junAM makAnone nAza karAvyo. pariNAme jInA savAre bhUmadhya samudramAM snAna karI kalAka bAda labAnananA berutanA avazeSe para navuM Adhunika baruta zahera tenA barapha AcchAdita parvata parathI lasaravAnI-skIiMga ramata anekamALI makAna, AsphAlTanA rastA, vRnI hAramALA ramI zake che! lebanona dUdha ane madhano deza-devAno ane vacce jatA. evanyU ane Adhunika sagavaDovALI hoTala mAnavono deza gaNAya che. 1943thI svataMtra prajAsattAka dharAvatuM suMdara zahera banyuM che. tenI pachI te 6550 phITanI lebAnena 4300 corasa mAIla athavA 10,000 corasa UMcAI dharAvato, sUrya snAna karato ane ziyALAmAM baraphanI kilo miTarano vistAra dharAve che. tenI pazcime bhUmadhya zveta rAI eDha parvata Ubhe che. jUnA jamAnAthI samudrane 120 mAIla, 250 ki. miTara-kinAro patharAyelo baruta vidvattA ane bauddhika saMskRttinuM dhAma gaNa tuM AvyuM che. uttara ane pUrvamAM siriyA ane dakSiNamAM pelesTAIna che. temAM cAra vizva vidyAlayo che. IjharAyelane pradeza Avelo che. lebanonano uttarathI dakSiNa (1) barutanI lebAnIjha yunivarsiTI 120 mAIla lAMbo vistAra vALa paTTo pazvimathI pUrvamAM (ra) amerikana (3) keca yunivarsiTI (4) Araba30thI 35 mAIlanI pahoLAI dharAve che. lebanona deza pAMca yunivarsiTI. ahIM lalitakalAnI ane saMgItanI akAdamIe jillAomAM vaheMcAyelo che. paNa che. hajAro yuvaka yuvatIo berutamAM abhyAsa karavA (1) uttara lebanona (2) lebanona parvata (3) barUta- Ave che. baruta pUrvanuM eka sauthI suMdara zahera che. bairutamAM pATanagaravALo pradeza (4) dakSiNa lebanona ane (5) bekA. jasTIniyana sTrITamAM lebanIjha pravAsI mAhitI khAtAnI lebanona daMtakathAno itihAsano sauMdaryana,kavitano, kalAno, kacerI che. svAno ane saMskRtino deza che. tyAM sadAya hariyALAM jyAM evanyu phIyata damAskasa roDane maLe che tyAM vane che, khaLakhaLa vahetAM jharaNAMo che. ane atithi premI berutamAM rASTrIya myujhiyama AveluM che. I. sa. pUrve 3000 leke che. A Araba dezanI rASTrabhASA arabI che. chatAM varSathI zarU thato lebanonano ItihAsa temAM purAtatvanA aMgrejI ane keca paNa bAlanArA ghaNA loko che. lebAno- avazeSa rUpe bole che. be ya taLiyAnA mukhya khaMDa dezanA nanuM pATanagara beruta pUrvano daravAje. (pravezadvA2) gaNAya che. prAcIna ItihAsanA amaranAmo ane sAlone sajIvana kare jagaprasiddha tatvaciMtaka kavi ane citrakAra khalIla jIbrA che. khaMDanI vacce nAnA mApanuM navanirmita bAlakanA nanI jIvana kathAnuM nAma che. "lebAnenano A mAnava" maMdiranuM meDela che. jethI tenI bhavyatA ane suMdaratAne lebanonanuM pATanagara bairuta eka sauthI Adhunika AMtara jhAMkho khyAla Ave che. bhoMya taLayAnA saMgrahAlayamAM kabaro rASTrIya vimAnI mathaka dharAve che. beruta baMdare dara be aTha- tenI paranA paththaranA zaNagArela lekhe, rAcaracIluM, maraNottara vADiye amerikana sTImare nyUyorkathI Ava jA kare che. vidhi tathA bilosanA rAjA ahiramanI kabara parano bhAratamAMthI bhUmibhAge lebAnena javuM hoya to pAkIstAna, zilAlekha phiniziyana lipimAM-duniyAnI eka sauthI jUnI IrAna, IrAka ane siriyAnA deze vIMdhIne tyAM pahoMcAya mULAkSara paddhattimAM che, temAM 22 mULAkSara che. myujhiyamanA athavA dariyA mAge kuvaita jaI tyAMthI IrAka ane siriyAnA pravezadvAranI sAme mahAna hiroDanA romana samayanI baratanI bhUmi mAge tyAM javAya. jaLamAge rAte samudra kheDI kerothI vividha raMgI saMbhAvali che. zanivAre bapora pachI praveza bhUmadhya samudramAM thaI beruta pahecAya. berutanA vimAnI maphata che. somavAre myujhiyama baMdha rahe che. praveza phI 100 mathakathI zahera paMdara miniTanA moTara mAge che. lebanonanI lebAnanI piAstara che. rASTrIya vizvavidyAlayanA bhavana kula vasati 25 lAkhanI che. ane pATanagara bairutanI vasati yuneska mahela, bhavana pAse che. amerikana vizvavidyAlayanI sAta lAkhanI che. sthApanA 1866mAM thaI hatI. amerikA bahAranI A sauthI prathama vizvayuddha daramyAna tukI gavarnara AjhamI bee moTI amerikana yunivarsiTI che. tenI sAthe moTI ispitAla jUnA bastanI sAMkaDI galIo ane sAMkaDA mArgo dUra che. brAjhIlamAM vasatA lebAnijha snAtake pustakAlayane Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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812 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 70,000 pustako ane 1000 hastaprato bheTa ApelI che. javAya che. phiniziyano pAsethI elasIDa lokoe A zahera tenuM makAna Adhunika che. vizvavidyAlaya pAchaLa dUra Ubhelo kabaje karyuM tyAre tenuM nAma heliyopolisa pADavuM. romana sanIna parvata suMdara lAge che. phreMca yunivarsiTInI sthApanA pAdazAha ogasTase bAlabekamAM romana vasAhata sthApI je suITa mizane 1843mAM karI hatI. tarAjhInA vAIkAunTa hatI. romana bAdazAha konsTaTAIne A maMdiro vacce philipe e 1921mAM rASTrIya pustakAlayanI sthApanA karI khristI devaLa baMdhAvyuM. paNa pAdazAha juliyane tene nAza ane temAM 40000 karatAM vadhu pustaka che. arebika hasta karAvyo. khalIpha enara-Izna ela khAbanA samayamAM I.sa. pratone tene saMgraha duniyAmAMnA tevA sauthI sArA saMgrahamAM 634mAM muslimoe bAlabekano kabaje lIdhe ane durga tathA masjida ane madresA baMdhAvyA. 12mI sadImAM bAlabarutanI bhavya masajida jAmiyA ala-umarI zahidonA kanA rAjayapAlanA jagavikhyAta putra salAdInanuM bALapaNa samArakathI bahu dUra nathI. te 12mI sadImAM baMdhAI hatI. ahIM vItyuM hatuM. Araboe romana maMdirane duge banAvyo amIra munzIre baMdhAvela taupharA marijada 16mI sadInuM tyAre khodAvelI moTI khAI paranA pUla dvArA ApaNe lebAnenanuM sthApatya darzAve che. te riyada seha zerImAM durgamAM praveza karI zakIe. dugamAM 50 miTara lAMbo ane AvelI che. alakhadra majidamAM zaheramAM trAsa vartAvanAra 11 miTara pahoLo laMbacorasa maMDapa staMbha para Ubhe Dregana-rAkSasI prANIne berutanA AzrayadAtA saMta jyorje che. ane tyAMthI AgaLa cha khUNIyA sthaLe deva yupiTaranA parAjaya ApI vaza karyo hato. jUnA bajArano te 40 gurunA pUjArIo rahetA hatA. AgaLa ApaNe 117 miTara varSa upara nAza karavAmAM Avyo hato. chatAM keTaloka bhAga lAMbA ane 112 miTara pahoLA veDhI maMDapamAM praveza karI zaheranI madhyamAM che. amerikana yunivarsiTIthI thoDe dUra e chIe, tenI vacce romana bAdazAhoe racAvela khristI nIla jaLamAMthI Ubhe thato kabutara DuMgarane greTa che. A bhavana che. jyupiTaranA maMdiranA haju paNa UbhA rahelA suMdara sthaLa tenI citramayatAthI ApaNane AkarSe che. ahIMthI cha staMbha tenA bhavya mApano khyAla Ape che. jyupiTaranuM AgaLa vadhatAM samudra kinAre snAna sthaLone vaTAvI mAInanA maMdira I.sa 90mAM baMdhAI gayuM hatuM. deva jyupiTara-guru suMdara jaMgalamAMthI baruta hipeDrama pAse Araba ghoDAonI devI vinasa zukratArAmena vasaMtaRtune deva-makaryuMrI, budhanI doDa dara ravivAre jovA maLe che. nikolAsa surasoke sthApela tripuTI te vakhate khUba lokapriya hatI. A maMdire pAse Adhunika kalA saMgrahAlayamAM citrakalA ane zilpa kalAnA pahelA moTA zilAkhaMDonuM mApa 19 miTara44,50 miTara pradarzane vAraMvAra yojAya che. bairutanI 50 jeTalI hoTala- 4 3,60 miTara jeTaluM che. bALakanA bhavya avaze pUrva mAMnI ghaNI kharI A prathama varganI ane B.bIjA varganI ane pazcimanI saMskRtinA milananA mAraka rUpa che. bekTasanuM che. kebare nRtya, rAtrI kalabo uparAMta sinemA-nATaka, maMdira 35 miTara lAMbu ane 20 miTara pahoLuM che. A nRtyo vagere mATenA aneka sthaLo che. 74 jeTalI beMka maMdira AsapAsa 18 miTara UMcA 50 staMbhemAMthI haju ane tenI za.khAo lebAnamAM kAma kare che. barutathI dasa UbhA che. chata para romana devadevIonAM citro che. tene 50 ki. miTara dUra parvatIya grISma vihAra sthaLa pharayA- daravAjo 13 miTara UMco ane sADA cha miTara pahoLo majhAramAM huMphALA pANIne taravAno hAja, Tenisa korTa, che. remana maMdiranA avazeSomAM A maMdira sauthI vadhu agAzIno resTorAM, nAITa kalaba vagere che. reDiyo lebanona suMdara che. vinasa devInuM maMdira 23 miTara lAMbu ane 14 aneka bhASAmAM kAryakramo Ape che. miTara pahoLuM ane vacce nAnA vartuLAkAranuM che. khristIoe tathI 21 mAIla dUra bAlabeka romana samayanuM tene saMta bAbarAnuM devaLa banAvI dIdhuM hatuM. vinasanA agatyanuM atihAsika sthaLa che. saze.phiniziyana deva bAlanA maMdira pAse maMdiranA paththarone thAMbhalAthI masjida ane mAnamAM baMdhAyela A manahara maMdira-zahera samagra pUrvamAM madresA taiyAra thayAM hatAM, paNa hAla minArA sivAya badhuM prakhyAta che. tyAMnA raste ApaNe grISma vihAra pasAra bhAMgI paDayuM che. karatAM dahara-ela baMdara zikhara sudhI pahoMcIe chIe. nIce berutathI uttaramAM ATha mAIla dUra bilesanA raste phalakapa bekA medAna che. ane tyAMthI sUryadevanA zaheramAM duniyAnuM sauthI prakhyAta prAcIna nAMdhanuM khulluM saMgrahAlaya Jain Education Intemational ducation Interational For Private & Personal use only

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smRtisadagraMtha DAMga rivara-kUtarA nadI che. lekhAneAna par jude jude kALe jIta meLavI rAjya karanAra I. sa. pUrve 13mI sadInA rAmesesa bIjAthI I. sa. 1920mAM zAsana karanAra janarala gaurAde kaDArAyela lekheA ahIM che. A 19 lekhAmAM chellA arakhI bhASAmAM che. ane te 31mI Disembara 1946ne dine paradezI lazkAe A pradeza khAlI karyA tenA smaraNamAM che. kUtarA nadInA mULa pAse tenA mUkhathI 7 kileAmiTara dUra guphAomAM ane greTAmAM jUnA ane navA paththara yuganA mAnavAnA avazeSo maLyA che. khairutathI uttare 26 mAIla dUra dariyA pAse Avelu bikhvAsa hAla jakhelanA nAme eLakhAya che. misaranA leAkeA ene devAnA deza kahetA. khikhvAsa satata mAnava vasavATavALuM eka sauthI purANuM nagara che. phiniziana paraMparA anusAra Ila EL deve A nagarane sthApI tenI cAre khAjI killA racyA hatA. tenI mATI prAraMbhika kAMsA yuganI nagara dIvAlA I. sa. pUrve 2800mAM baMdhAI hatI. A samaya pahelAM eTale 7000 varSo agAu paNa tyAM mAnave vasatA hatA. ane mAchImAranA dhaMdhA karatA. cUnAnA paththaranA sUkAthI anAvela bheAMyataLiyA vALI ekakhaDI jhUMpaDIe haja paNa tyAM najare paDe che. ahIthI eka navIna paththara yuganI I. sa. pU. 4500nI eka mUrti maLI AvI che. I. sa. pUrve 3500mAM navI dana kriyA ahIM dAkhala thayelI lAge che. meTI mATInI kAThImAM mRtane tenI milakata sAthe dATavAmAM Avate; kAraNa mAnava mRtyu pachInA jIvanamAM / mAnyatA dharAvatA thayA hatA. anAjanA dANA, kAMsAnA AjAra, paththaranI gadA, ghareNAMvALAM mATInAM vAsaNA mRtyu pachInA jIvanamAM upayAga mATe marelAM sAthe daTAtAM, biAAsanA kabrastAnamAMthI AvI 1451 daphana kADhI maLI che. ekamAM te mAlika sAme kUtarAne paNa daphanAvAe~ che. I. sa. pUrve be hajAra varSa upara biblAsa bhUmadhyanA pUrva kinAre ImAratI lAkaDuM. mAkalanAru` kendra banyu hatuM. misaranA kArAhAene jahAjo madhavA, daragAheA racavA, ane marAttara kriyA mATe lAkaDAnI jarUra paDatI. seDAra lAkaDAnuM tela mamI (zaMkhanuM rakSaNa) karaNa mATe upayAgI hatuM. AnA badalAmAM sAnu, pepirasa, (kAgaLa)nA vIMTaLA, pepirasanA doraDAM, kApaDa vagere mAkalatuM, nagara racanAne eka sauthI Ara'bhika prayAga khilaiAsamAM thayeA hateA. killA bAMdhI zaheranA kendra vaccethI vAMkIcUkI kuMTAtI zerIo para gharA 813 khvAsanI adhAyAM hatAM ane I. sa. pUrve 2800mAM sannArI-devI khAlata gebelanuM mATu' madira khadhAyuM hatuM. I. sa. pUrve 2700mAM nara devanu 'Ina la EnL 'tuM madira nArIdevInA maMdira sAme racAyuM, pachI keTalIka sadIo bAda bhamatI emArAITa TALIe raNa pradezamAMthI caDI AvI ane samudra kinArAnA pradeza para pharI vaLI. mATI AgamAM khviAsa bhasmIbhUta thayuM ane doDha phUTa rAkhanA thara badhe chavAI gayA. emArAITa leAkeAe pachI vasavATa karI bikhvAsane pharIthI khAMdhyuM phAra rahAe bikhvAsanA devAne ane rAjAene kiMmatI bheTe dharatA kAMsA yuganA biAAsanA rAjAonI kakharAmAMthI AnuM pramANa maLe che. AbeliskanA maMdiranA bheAMyataLiyA nIce dATelI bheTA e yuganI UMcI kalAkArIgarInuM jJAna Ape che. bikhvAsamAM emArAITa, hAIkasAsa, Iziana, phiniziyana, greko-rAmana ane madhyakAlIna samayanA smArakA ApaNe joIe chIe. biblAsanA rAjAe te samaye misaranI rAyarAgnIkisa lipinA upayAga karatA hatA. A lipi vyApArI nAMdha mATe vadhu paDatI agharI hAvAthI anukULa na hatI. tethI khviAsamAM uccAra pradhAna mULAkSaranI lipinA vikAsa sAdhavA prayatna thayA. khviAsanA rAjA ahiramanI (12001000 I.sa. pU) kammaranA paththara paranI A phiniziyana mULAkSaranI lipi hAla rASTrIya saMgrahasthAnamAM che. ahirama kakhara paranA paththara para kamaramAMnI vastue cAranArA para zApa varasAvyeA che. phiniziyana mULAkSaro Azare 800 I.sa. pUrve grIsa sudhI pahoMcyA. grIka bhASAnA pepirasa [kAgaLa ] mATe zabda [mukhvAsa ] A phiniziyana zaheranu nAma sUcave che. pepirasanA aneka pAnA mATe biblina zabda vaparAtA. ' Aibala ' zabda grIkanA ' pustakA ' mATenA zabda parathI UtarI AvyeA che. chellA pacAseka varSoMmAM mArisa drunAMdene khviAsanA kheAdakAmamAM 7000 varSanA ItihAsa ukheLatI purAtatvanI ajoDa zeAdha prApta thaI che. madhara'gI paththaranA biblAsanA killA 12mI-13mI sadInA krujheDarAnI dharmayuddhanA subhaTAnI racanA che. eelikasanA maMdiramAMthI kAMsAnI sAnAnA varakha lagADelI nAnI mAnavAkRtie maLI AvI che. duganI uttara pazcime I.sa.1115mAM kujheDarA dvArA badhAela sa'ta jaheAna khapTIsTanu

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214 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 devaLa AveluM che. A nAnA nagaranuM nAma "bAIbala pAThazALAo- madresAo paMdareka che. ane te badhI mAmalaka zabda parathI UtarI AvyuM che. samayanI che. alakartAviyA masAnI chata paranI madhapuDA uttaramAM barutathI 50 mAIla dUra bhUmadhyanA dariyA jevI nAjuka jhINI bhAta atyaMta manahara che. te samayanI kinAre ja lebanonanuM 170000nI vasatI vALuM bIjuM sauthI kalAnI alaMkAritA jovA mATe alaburnAsiyA madresA javuM moTuM zahera tripalI AveluM che. uttara AphrikAnA libiyA joI e. tenuM miharAba ane maukarAnA jaDela prArthanA khaMDanuM dezamAM paNa tripalI nAmanuM moTuM zahera che. A zaheranI laTakatuM jhummara samuM kalAtmaka kAma herata pamADe tevuM che. dakSiNa bhAgoLe Avela bahaMsasamAM bebAnanamAM hajAre tenA vividha prakAranA minArAo paNa Azcaryajanaka che. vaSa para mAnava vasatinA cihno samAM paththaranA ojAro turko snAnAgAromAMnA hamAma Ina-taurI ane Ijhajha evIna maLI AvyAM che. prAcIna avazeSamAM kjhIjhA, nausa ane cha varSa uparAMtathI cAlu che. alaattara attaravALAonI sphIrehanA maMdire A zaheranI prAcInatAnA sAkSI rUpa che. majida che. ane ada dekhAdhIna cAmaDuM kamAvanArAnI aitihAsika ane kalAnI daSTie zaheramAM madhyakAlIna masjida che. Ana ala-ayatinamAM caudamI sadIthI darajIo 14mI 1pamI sadInA avazeSa che. 12mI sadImAM tripalInA vasI rahyA che. A badhA varNana parathI tripalIne jUnuM prathama kAunTa taulause baMdhAvela DuMgara parano saMta gilesane prAcIna avazeSenuM ja nagara gaNavuM te ThIka nathI. tripalImAM kaMDara kile haju paNa astitva dharAve che. eka vakhata Adhunika sukha sagavaDavALAM moTAM makAne aneka haTale saMta merInA devI tarIke oLakhAtI bhavya majida tathA vagere paNa che. talane masjida (1336 I. sa.) ane tuka snAnAgAre I. sa. 1836mAM thompasana nAme eka amerikana zikArIe ane jInAM bajAre paNa jovA lAyaka che. jyAM kadIzA nadI eka parvatanI guphAmAM Azraya letAM tene jamInamAMthI AvatA abubalI" kahevAya che te jagyA bagIcAno kuvAre ane gUDha avAje karyo ane tenuM mULa zodhavA te avAjane gIta nuM gIta jIvaMta jaLane kU kahevAya che. ane tenuM te anusaravA lAgyo ane tenI ajAyabI vacce te eka dazya prazaMsAjanaka che. gulIstAnane mahAna IrAnI kavi bhUgarbha sarovaranA kinAre AvI pahoMce. teNe baMdUka pheDI zekha sArI tripalInA durgAnA caNataramAM kedI-majUra tarIke ane tenA seMkaDo paDaghAthI tene mAluma paDayuM ke A kAma karato hato. 1289nI sAlamAM jUnuM nagara nAza pAcatAM rAkSasI vizALa kadanuM bhUgarbha sarovara khUba UMDe sudhI tyAM navuM nagara "tArA bolesa' 'navuM tripala" racAyuM. vistareluM che. pachI te bIjA zodhakoe temAM 6200 14mI sadInA AraMbhamAM rAjayapAla amIra Indamire miTara sudhI UDe pravAsa karyo paNa tenA aMta sudhI teo baLelI durgane havelInA bhAgane-pharIthI baMdhAvyo. pheka loko pahoMcyA na hatA. A sthaLa 1955thI pravAsIonuM AkarSaNa e baMdhAvela daravAjA para mAmalukanA sulatAna zAbAtanuM banI gayuM che. temAM prakAza pejanA karAtAM ajaba raMgIna lazkarI aMdAjapatra kaMDAreluM che. prathama daravAje mahAna oTTo ane vividha AkRtio vALA khaDakothI te eka ramaNIya mana sulatAna sulemAnane A AziSa pAmela minArAne sthAna banyuM che. bairutathI 18 kilomiTaranahara e kaba punaruddhAra karavAnA hukamane lekha che. alaminAthI abualI khINa pasAra karI A prasiddha so ajAyabI vALA jeTAM nadInA mukha sudhI ghaNA minArA che. temAM 13mI sadIne goTomAM javAya che ane temAM 40 miniTamAM 1300 miTaranI buja abA siM minAro mA5luka samayanuM sthApatya heDIyAtrA karavAnI anerI majA mANI zakAya che. purANI darzAve che. te atyaMta kalAtmaka alaMkArika tatvothI bharapUra nadIonA taLiyAoe tyAM aneka prAkRtika gelerI - che. tripalInA prAcIna dhArmika sthaLomAM kaMDArela lekha aTArIo banAvI che. tenA khaDakomAMnA vividha raMgIna ma yuvAna pratihAsika sAmagrI che. ane keTalAMka atyaMta TelemAITo ane sTelekaTAITa jANe camakatA paDadAo suMdara rIte AlekhAyelA che. jevAM ke -sakakiyA masAne pAthare che. khaDakoe racela vividha AkRtione "mekSavela lekha ane ala kartAdiyAnI dakSiNe dIvAla parano lekha. tama' 'minAre" 'thAlIone Dhagalo" "meDayusA" jhummara vagere AvA eka lekhamAM nokara tarIke kArya nahi karanArane paisAnI nAma ApavAmAM aAvyAM che. DisembarathI me mahinA sudhImAM madada karanAra para prabhune zApa varasAvyo che. AvI dhArmika A jagyAnI mulAkAta laI zakAya che. seMkaDo varSomAM prakRttie Jain Education Intemational

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smRtisa'darbha graMtha racela A adbhuta suMdara bhUgarbha sarovaranI sahelagAha jeNe mANI hoya tene jIvanabhara tenuM smaraNa AnaMda Ape che. jagaprasiddha lemAneAnanA kavi, citrakAra ciMtaka khalIla chabrAna [ 1893-1931 ]nI kabara ArAmagAha tathA tenu saMgrahAlaya tripAlIthI 26 mAIla dUra besAre mAM AvelAM che. esAmAM seDAra vRkSeAnI kuMjamAM 400 vRkSe! che ane temAM sauthI meTuM 27 miTara UMcu vrukSa che ane tenA thaDane gherAve-parI-25 miTaranA che. A seDAra vRkSAnI kuMjamAM jatAM bhUgarbha kaDhIzA greTa AvelA che. ane temAMthI kadIzA nadInA kharak samAM ThaMDA jaLa vahe che.seDAra vRkSAne upayAga misaravAsIe hADIe jahAjo ane kemnei zakha peTIe-banAvavAmAM karatA. senana rAjAnuM madira paNa seDAra vRkSanA lAkaDAthI badhAyelu che. zauk jillAnuM ataeddIna gAma amIra bazIra bIjA cehAe [ 1790-184] khavAvela bhavya mahela mATe jANItu che. hAla tenA upayega rASTrapramukhanA grISme vihAra mATe thAya che. purANA pauryAtya chupanI ala kArika zailInI samRddhi tenI TIvAle, cha, anekaragI bheyaniyu, sarasa snAnagRhA, rAmAMcaka phuvArAe vageremAM pragaTa thAya che ane ApaNe jANe 'Araba rAtrionA''parIAmAM AvyA hoIe evA bhAsa thAya che. khairutathI damAskasane raste 3 mAIla dUra jAramAM AThamI sadInA elimpiyAda zaheranA che. ahI chaThThA elimpiyADa khalIpha vAlIDa bena malekanA putra IbrAhIma khAvela griSma vihAra mahela che. ibrAhIme damAsanI suMdara masjida paNa baMdhAvI hatI. khairutathI 25 mAIla dUra dariyAnI sapATIthI 2600 phITa Uce Avela dera IlakSmara-agAunA vakhatamAM pATanagara hatuM. temAM 17mI ane 18mI sadImAM badhAyela maDAlaye che. ane vizALa cogAnanI AjubAju te AvelA che. phiniziyanAnA jamAnAna sidghaunA ane pachI sidona tarIke oLakhAtu hAlanuM sadA zahera bAyabalamAM pazu ullekha pAmyu. che. setu zabdanA artha zikAra thAya che. ane temAM aneka mAchalI pakaDavAnA kinArA hatA. IjiptanA phArAhAnI 18mI-192I peTI dAna te mahatvanu aitihAsika zahera hatuM. I. sa. pUrve 60mAM asiriyana zAsana taLe tenuM patana thayuM. pachI te paricata sAmrAjyanA bhAga banyuM. I. sa. pUrve 33mAM mahAna sikaMdare tene Avela avazeSa abdela 815 tAbe karyuM. ane te grIka, rAmana ane khAIsAInTAIna sAmrAjyanA zAsana taLe anukrame AvatuM gayuM. I. sa. 666mAM Arakha lazkare tenA kakho lIdhA. 1111 I. samAM jheDane kabaje gayA pachI pharIthI 1182mAM salAdIne tene pharIthI kamaje karyu". 1291thI te Arakha zAsana taLe nAnA prAMtIya nagara rUpe rahyuM che, ahI phiniziyana hakaryuM lasa mailkanuM maMdira nAnA TApu para hatu. ane 13mI sadImAM lAla ane bhukharA paththarAnA stabhAvALA durgI krujheDaroe badhAveleA, phrAMsanA sata rAjA luI navamA ahIM 1250thI 1654 daramyAna tenA jerUsalemanA zAsana daramyAna rahetA hatA. sadeona-saidA-khairutathI 30 mAIla dUra che. tenAthI traNa mAIla dUra uttare vizALa phiniziyana iMzamaunanA maMdiranA gahana avazeSeA che. aitihAsika mahatvanA sthaLeAmAM amira krene bIjAe 17mI sadImAM badhAvela khAna Ilaji kerevanaserA musa pharakhAnu dhama zALA che. Isu khriste ahI' sudhI AvI temanA dharmopadeza pcA hatA. arutathI dakSiNamAM khAvana mAIla dUra dariyA kinAre AveluM ' TAyara ' grIka dhatihAsakAra hire DeTasanA mata mujaba I. sa. pUrve 300mAM sthapAyuM hatuM. tenuM nAma semeTika zabda saura" eTale khaDaka ane araikhika zabda "saura' eTale killA parathI paDyu che. te sideAna-saidA nagara samAna ItihAsa dharAve che ane tevu ginI nagara gaNAya che. hAlanuM TAyara 6000 jeTalI vasati dharAvatu nAnuM nagara che. TAyaranA rAjA hirame 3000 varSa pahelAM tenA mitra rAjA seAleAmana sulemanane maMdira bAMdhavA seDAranA lAkaDAM ane biblAsanA kArIgaro pUrAM pADyA hatA. TAvarathI 6 kileAmiTara dUra rAjA hirumanI kabara che. te 4 miTara lAMbI, traNa miTara pahoLI ane e miTara UMDI che. 66 khairutathI 66 mAIla dUra litAnI nadI vahe che. tyAM 1000 phUTa UMce TekarI para lekhAneAnane sauthI suMdara jovAlAyaka kesala-duga AvelA che. AvAM aneka manahara AkarSaka dRzyAthI bharapUra lemAneAnane pradeza aneka Adhunika sagavaDAthI paNa bharapUra che. ziyALAmAM barapha parathI lasaravAnI skIIMga ramata mATe 10,000 phITanI U'cAIe Avelu ezAre nu skIIMga kSetra che. tyAMthI 6500 phITanI UMDe sarakavAnI ramata ramI zakAya che. A kSetra para pahoMcavA mATe 2300 miTara laMbAInI skI-liphTanI Adhunika sagavaDa che. mAunTa hamAna

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 (bairutathI 60 mAIla dva2, 9200 phITa UMce) parathI DhaLatA be lAla paTTA vacce sapheda paTTAmAM vRkSanuM pratIka che. lebAnamAM DhaLAvomAM levAnImAM sauthI lAMbA skI-rana che. temAMnA aneka dezonI vAnagIo pIrasatA judAM judAM resTorAM TherakeTalAkanA DhoLAva-utarANu eka mAIla laMbAInA che. betathI Thera AvelAM che. baruta zaheramAM paradezI nANA mATe keI 40 mAIla dUra lakalauka paNa salAmata skI-kendra che. strI pratibaMdha nathI. ahIM 90 beMkomAM aneka paradezIonuM ramatamAM zarUAta karanAra-praveza karanAra mATe dahara-I-buMdara gupta dhana sacavAyuM che. birutamAM duniyAnA badhAM dezano ane sanina kSetro vadhu anukULa che. mAla maLI zake che. paradezI game teTaluM nANuM lAvI te grISma vihAra paNa levAnonamAM aneka che. batathI vAparI zake che, tene potAnI pAsenI raka 14 kilomiTara dUra aleya 850 miTaranI UMcAIe AveluM karavI paDatI nathI. game te dezanuM nANuM ahI lebAnanA atyaMta lokapriya nAnuM nagara grIma vihArIone AkarSe nANAmAM rUpAMtarita thaI zake che. lebAnijha vAnagI mejhajhe che. tyAMthI be kilomiTara dUra pAIna jaMgalethI chavAyelI cIna, pINuM araka athavA lajhijha ahamajhA, astela bIra suMdara TekarIo pAse aneka vilAo kesino [ jugArakhAnAM] lokomAM khUba priya che. orienTala bajAra jevA aneka ane bagIcA-pAka che. eNrata-damAskasa mArga para barutathI zopiMga kharIdI mATenA kendromAM amerikAnA DeTroITanI 23 kilomiTara dUra bhamadauna 1100 miTaranI UMcAIe chelI moDalanI moTaragADIo ane paradezonI phezanebala Avela suMdara grISmavihAra sthAna che. tyAMthI pUrvamAM UMcuM vastuo maLe che. athavA thoDAka divasomAM vimAna dvArA mastaka dharAvato mAunTa anina ane ramya hamAnA khINa meLavI zakAya che. miDala IraTa eralAInsa era libAnanI dekhAya che. phenca kavi lA mATine tenI mulAkAta laI tenA sthApanA 1945thI thaI che ane te vimAnI yAtrIone vize karela ullekhathI lA mArTinanI khINa tarIke oLakhAya vividha yAtrAnI sagavaDo pUrI pADe che. siriyA IrAka vagere che. ena jhahaTA garama pANInA jharA dharAvatuM prakhyAta AjubAjunA dezonA pravAsa mATe paNa te pUrI anukULatA grISmavihAra sthAna che. tyAM siriyana deva "hadAdanuM maMdira Ape che. lebanona eka Araba rAjya hovA chatAM ahIM che. aina jhahaTAthI thoDA kilomiTara dUra baroke gAma yuropanA pazcimI dezonI badhI suvidhAo che. ane tethI pAse 1500 miTaranI UMcAIe Avela TekarI para 400 aneka pUrvanA ane pazcimanA pravAsIonuM AkarSaNa A seDAra vRkSo dharAvatuM ramya vana che. lebAnenanuM vizALa deza banI rahyAM che. bakkA medAna 74 mAIla lAMbuM ane 5 thI 7 mAIla pahoLuM lebAnanA vizvavikhyAta kavi ciMtaka citrakAra khalIla che. A medAna lebanona parvatothI enTI levAnane chUTuM jIbrAne tenA aMgrejI gadyakAvyonA pustako "propheTa," pADe che. A pradezanA agatyanA grISma vihAra atarA ane "brokana viMgsa" vagere dvArA duniyAbharamAM nAmA meLavI jhahale che. tenI vasati 15000nI che. ane tyAMnAM gharo che. propheTa' no gujarAtI anuvAda "vidAya veLAe " zrI be UMce caDhatA parvatanA caDhatA para AvelAM che ane vacce kizoralAla mazarUvAlA e karela che. ApaNA gujarAtI baradanI nadI vahe che. nadInA kinAre jhahelemAM prathama varganI sAkSara dhUmaketunA jibrAna priya lekhaka hatA ane temanA hoTala ane kAphe AvelAM che. hajAro leke A grIma vize gujarAtImAM zrI. dhUmaketue ghaNuM lakhyuM che. tenA vatana vihAranI mulAkAte unALAmAM Ave che. ane prakhyAta ezAmAM A lekhakanuM smRti maMdira tyAM nA lokoe rASTrIya vAnagI kibe khAya che. ane araka pIe che baMdhAvyuM che. mAunDa makamalanA DhoLAva para 1450 miTaranI UMcAIe prAcIna maMdiro, mahelo durgo ane saMskRtinA aneka Avela ezA mATe daza jharAmAMthI pANIno pUravaTho meLavAya avaze sAthe manohara prAkRtika vana, upavana parvate samudra che. ihadenanA grISma vihAramAM AvelA eka devaLamAM lebA- kinArA bhUgarbhanadI-sarovaranA AkarSaNa vALe A deza nananA rASTravIra yosepha be karamane mRtadeha kAcanA kephinamAM Adhunika hoTala, vimAnI sevAo mAja vilAsa, vyApAra [ zabapeTImAM] jaLavAya che. lebAnenanuM calaNI nANuM vagerenI sagavaDothI pUrva ane pazcima vacce eka mahatvanI lebAnijha pAunDa che. ane eka pAunDa 100 piyAeNno kaDI samAna banI gayo che. lebAnena pasA] barAbara che. lebanonanA rASTra vajamAM Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha zubhecchA pAThave che bhAvanagara mIkenIkala varkasa che. bhupatarAya rAmajIbhAI mistrI phebrIkezana enDa sTrakacarala konTrAkaTara, eIla rIphAInarI, selavanTa plAnTa, kemIkala plAnTanA IkavIpamenTa banAvanAra sTIma koyala-pezyAlIsTa nagarapAlikA kacerI pAlItANuM (1) nagarapAlikA janatAnI che ane nagarapAlikAnI milakata janatAnI milakata che e milakatane koI prakAre nukazAna na thAya te jevA vinaMtI che. (2) svAdhyanI rakSA mATe jAhera rAjamArgo svaccha ane sughaDa rAkhe. (3) gharano kacaro-pUje vigere nagarapAlIkAe nakakI karelI jagyAe ja rAkhe. (4) nagarapAlikAnA karaverA niyamita bharavA ane vahIvaTamAM sahakAra ApavA vinaMtI. (5) janma maraNanI noMdha sAta divasamAM nagarapAlikAnI kacerImAM nedhAvavI Avazyaka ane pharajIyAta che. (6) bALakonA svAthya mATe zitaLA TakAvavA, triguNI rasI tathA bALalakavAne rokavA polIyo vekasIna nagarapAlikA dvArA apAya che tene lAbha lyo. esa. yu. dave mukhya adhikArI nagarapAlikA pAlItANA baTuka re pramukha nagarapAlikA pAlItANA Jain Education Intemational

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18 WITH BEST COMPLEMENTS hAthe khAMDelI besTa maracA bhUkI mATe eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 D. BHUPATRAI & CO. FANCY CLOTH MERCHANT vizvAsapAtra sthaLa Adarza vastu bhaMDAra prA. ve NI lAla pI. de zI 781 Madhavrai Gally M. J. Market BOMBAY-2 B. R. mAMDavI cAka, pAlItANA (gujarAta) FROM zubhecchA pAThave che. zrI vAMkIyA jUtha vi. vi. kA. sahakArI maMDaLI muH vAMkIyA (khAkharA talukA) (ji: amarelI ) noMdhaNI tAra kha 17-5-56 zera bha DALa 35000 1700 anAmata kuMDa anya phaMDa 2000 zara pha-bani zarAE vibha ga-khAtara khIya raNu-mAjAra vigere sabhyAnI dareka jarUrIyAta pUrI pADe che, teAMdhI nAMkhara R/kara 1725 sabhya sakhyA-210 vya. ka. sabhyA zrI zAntibhAI gIgAbhAI, premajIbhAi nAnajIbhAI, zIkha bhAI kheADAbhAI, meAtabhAI khADAbhAI, bhugabha I nAgajIbhAI, premajIbhAI nAnajIbha I TapubhAI manajIbhAI lAlajIbhAI vyAsa mI hIrajI zAmajI pramukha

Page #824
sAudI arebiyA ane tenA paDethI nAnAM Araba rAjyo zrI kRSNavadana jeTalI. sAudI arebiyA hakupha (30,000 uparAMta) madinA, je ane tepha (dareka 20,000 uparAMta) mukhya zahero che. yamanamAM tenI rAjadhAnI arabastAna Arebiyana dvIpaka95 lagabhaga bhArata jeTalo sAnAmAM 20,000 uparAMta lokonI vasatI che, eDana, keTara viza La che tene vistAra dasa lAkha corasa mAIla karatAM ane tavAhImAM 20 hajA2thI 30 hajAranI vasatI che ane vadhAre che, ane teno moTo bhAga raNapradeza che. tenA raNa bahevina manAmAmAM 30 hajAra uparAMta loko vase che. A pradezamAM siriyAnuM raNa nakuMda, dehanA ane raba ala-khAlI badhA loko mukhyatve arabI bhASI muslimo che. dariyA raNa samAyelAM che. tenI uttara sImA para jorDananuM si kinArAnA zaheromAM keTalAka hajAra hiMduo, pArasIo ane mAITa rAjya, IrAka ane kuvaitanAM 2 A lAM che. khristIo paNa vase che makkA ane madinAnA muslima pazcima bAjue rAte samudra che. dakSiNamAM arabI samudra dharmanA pavitra sthaLanA kSetramAM khristIone vasavAnI manAI che ane pUrvamAM paraziyana akhAta Avela che. dakSiNa che. Araba muslimo mukhyatve sunnI paMthanA ane vahAbI pazcimanA parvatIya pradezathI uttara pUrva tarapha DhaLatA medAna saMpradAyanA che. samo A pradeza che. tenI AbehavA atyaMta uSNa, samudra kinArAnA pradezomAM bhejavALI che. tyAM ziyALAmAM khUba sAudI arebiyAnuM rAjya vizvayuddha pachI sarjAyuM. ThaMDI. hima ane barapha paDe che. AkhA dvIpaka9pamAM atyaMta muslima dharmanAM mahAna yAtrA dhAme makkA madinAnI haja ocho varasAda paDe che. ane unALA karatAM ziyALAmAM karavA dareka varSe aneka dezomAMthI muslime tyAM Ave che. vadhu varasAda paDe che. dariyAI pradeza mAM vasaMta RtumAM te sivAya khanIja telanA dhaMdhA mATe amerikano tyAM AvI vAraMvAra dakSiNa taraphathI dhULanI DamarIo-amasIne Ave vasyA che. amerikano khAsa karIne dhahanamAM AvelI ameche. mukhya pradeza cAra paMcamAMza sAudI arebiyA che. sAudI rikana arebiyana oIla kaMpanI " aramaka nA amerikana arebipAmAM koI nadI ke sarovara nathI. vimAnI mathake AvAja kare che. ghaharnathI thoDe dUra Avela dazmana parziyana akhAtamAM AveluM sAudI arebiyAnuM A pradezamAM vasatI gaNatarI thaI nathI. paraMtu tenI baMdara che. vasatI Azare 60 thI 70 lAkhanI gaNAya che. hAla lagabhaga karoDanI thaI haze. ane temAMnI lagabhaga adhIra vasatI sAudI arebiyAnA rAjanuM AkhuM nAma abdula dakSiNa pazcimamAM phaLadrupa pradeza yamana ane eDanamAM vaselI ajhijha I - madu-rahamAna ala-phajhala ala- sAuda che paNa che. vasatIno eka caturthI. bhAga beduIne lokone che. TUMkamAM temane phejhala IbI sAudra kahe che. 1921mAM te beIna vicaratI jAta che, 20 thI 0 lAkha loko sthAyI najada ane tenA pradezanA sulatAna jAhera thayA. 8mI jAnyu. kheDUto che ane teo dakSi] pazcimanA dezomAM vase che. ArI 192 6 mAM makakAmAM hajAjhanA rAjA manAyA ane omAnamAM be lAkha uparAMta ane pAdiSyane ja damAM paheremAM 5 mI sapTembara 1932ne dine te sAudI arebiyAnA rAjA sAudI arebiyAmAM 20,000 uparanI vastI dharAvatA zahe banyA ane riyAdha temanA rAjyanI rAjadhAnI banyuM. rAjA ramAM makkA (80,000 uparAMta), riyAdha (6 0 0 0 0 uparAMta), jhila Ina sAuda mahamada Ibna sAuda (1735-65) nA Jain Education Intemational

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20 vazanA che, mahammada Ibna sAudanA patnI vAmI dharma sa'pradAyanA sthApaka mahemada Ibna abdula vahAba (1703- 91)nAM putrI hatAM. Ibna sAudanA rAjavaza tejadamAM aDhAramI sadIthI rAjya karatA hatA. mahamada Ibna abdula vahAkha IslAma dharma nuM zuddhikaraNa IcchatA hatA. temane navA sudhAraka vicArAne kAraNe temanA dezamAMthI hAMkI kADhavAmAM AvyA hatA. temanA mata mujaba je kAI allAha sivAya bIjAnI pUjA kare che te khATI pUjA che. saMtAnI, daragAheAnI pUjA stuti allAhamAM avizvAsa darzAve che. temaNe IslAma dharmanA mULa siddhAMteAnuM kaDaka pAlana Izyu ane jAhera IbAdata-prArthanAmAM hAjarI pharajiyAta gaNAvI tathA dhUmrapAna para pratibadha mUkayo. temanA jamAI mahamada Ibna sAde A saMpradAyanuM netRtva lIdhuM. hAlanA sAudI arebiyAnA rAjA paNa temanA dharmAMnA vaDA--ImAma gaNAya che, temane kAyado IslAmane divya kAyadA zariyA che, sAuddI arebiyAnA rAjyanA mukhya e vibhAga che. (1) neda ane (2) heAjha. ne jadu vibhAganA vaDA amIra-nejada che pATavI kuMvara ane hejAjha nA nAyaba-ala-mAlika che. amIra phaijhala-rAjAnA bIjA putra. makakA ane madinA vacce mahuH adha-dhahukha-mAM sAlemana rAjAnA jamAnAnI sAnAnI khANa che. ane temAMthI dara varSe aDhI lAkha pauDanu sAnu nikAsa thAya che. calaNI nANuM riyala ApaNA rUpiyA kharAkhara che. hejAjhamAM kaLA thAya che ane asIramAM khajUrane pAka sArA thAya che. bIjA dhAnyamAM bAjarI, ghauM, makAI vagere che. gheTA, bakarAMnA ucherathI dUdhamAMsa Una vagere maLe che. ane U'TanA tema ja gadheDAMnA vAhana vahevAramAM khUba upayAga thAya che. uttaramAM arakhI gheADA ucheravAmAM Ave che. pahekha tela kSetranI riphAInarI rAsa tanurAmAM che. ane dararoja 115000 uparAMta berala-pIpa telanu zuddhIkaraNa thAya che. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 makkA kevaLa sAuddI areSiyAnu nahi, paNa samagra muslima Alamanu sauthI mahattvanu pavitra sthaLa zahera che I.sa. 570mAM mahamada payagambaranA janma makkAmAM thaye hate! te pahelAM paNa makkA pavitra sthaLa manAtuM hatuM. paraMtu mahaMmada payagambaranA samaya pahelAM tyAM sUrya caMdra ane bIjA devatAonI pUjA vidhi thatAM ane tenI sAthe cAra devatA saMkaLAyelA hatA. mahamada payagambaranA samaya pahelAM paNa mukhya masjida haramanI vacce cerasa ImAratanuM kAmA astitva dharAvatu hatu ane tene Adame badhAvyuM hatu. ema leAka kahe che. te pachI abrAhame tene pharI khaMdhAvyuM ane IzmAyale devadUta prAyele tene ApelA prakhyAta kALA paththara tenA eka khUNe sthApyA. mahaMmada payagambara ne makkAmAMthI I.sa. 622mAM nAsI javu' paDayu` hatu`. hijarata karavI paDI hatI. te parathI muslima hijarIsana sa`vata zarU thayA. pharI pAchA te sane 628mAM makkA pAchA pharyAM. Ida ala-adhAnA utsave majhAnI haja karavI te dareka muslimadhamI nI aMtarecchA hoya che. tene mATe te jIvana bhara mUDI bacAve che. kAkhA pAse AvelA jhamajhama kUvAne ane tenA pANIne pavitra mAnavAmAM Ave che kAraNa ImAyalanI jidrugI bacAvavA allAhe hagarane A kUvA tarapha doryA hatA ane tenA pANIthI te khagyeA hatA. hagara ane imAyalanI daragAho kALA pAse ja che. mAnavajAtanI mAtA huvAIvanI kabara jekAmAM hovAnuM manAya che makkAnI yAtrAnI para parA kurAne paNa jALavI rAkhI ane tene eka pavitra pharaja banAvI. AthI dara varSe Idu-ala adhA-balidAnanA utsave dUra dUra dezanA muslimA hajAronI saMkhyAmAM makkAnI jAtrA e Ave che. muslima sivAya anyadhamI ne ahIM praveza maLatA nathI. A yAtrAnA vidhi paNa kaDaka custa che. haja karI AvanAra hAjI tarIke oLakhAya che. sAudI arebiyAnA rASTradhvaja khUba suMdara che lIlA raMganI bhUmikA para temAM sapheda talavAra che. ane tenI nIce alakArika roDamAM arebika lipimAM 'allAha eka ja che. ane mahamada allAhanA payagambara che" evu sUtra AlekhyuM che. A pavitra kSetrane vistAra makakAnI pazcime 16 mAIlathI zarU thAya che. temAM pravezatAM dareka yAtrALune khAsa peAzaka-Iharama-paheravA paDe che te rezama sivAyanA ane aTana vinAnA e lAMkhA sapheda vasra-kApaDanA che ane khabhethI zarIrane DhAMke che. makakA paheAMcIne dareka yAtrALunI prathama pharaja kAkhAmAM stuti-prArthanA karavAnI che. ane te pachI sAta vakhata badhA kAkhAnI pradakSiNA kare che ane kALA pavitra paththarane cUme che. dareka jhamajhamanu' pavitra jaLa pIe

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 821 che. balidAnano utsava makakAthI uttare trIsa mAIla para sivAya te cheDI zakato nathI. kurAnanA kAyadA pramANe rAjA AvelA munAnA medAnamAM ujavAya che. Agale divase ahIM lokonI phariyAdo ukele che. ane teno nikAla kare baporathI sAMja sudhI badhA yAtrALuo arArata DuMgara para che. hAlanuM riyAdha 110 co. ki. mITaranuM adyatana zahera dharmopadeza sAMbhaLavA bhegA thAya che. ane rAte munAnA che. hAlanA rAjA phejhalane loko maLI zake che. medAna pAse sUI rahe che. bIje divase savAramAM teo jayAM dhaharana amerikana-Araba tela kaMpanI "Aramaka" abrAhama, hagara ane ImAyela paththara mArI zetAnane pIcho pakaDayo hato, te traNa stabha para paththara mAre che. pachI nuM mathaka che. A raNa pradezamAM eka suMdara raNadvIpa jevuM te A sthaLa che. ahIM Aramako atithi gRhamAM aneka vAtAnuM bali-utsava zarU thAya che. dareka kuTuMba potAnA bakarA ke gheTAne vidhipUrvaka halAla kare che. pachI ujavaNI karI te kRlita khaThe che ane Adhunika sukha sa mavaDa che. traNa hajAra uparAMta amerikana e vAtAnukUlita erakanDIzanDa-vasavATo alAhanA zukra gujAre che. AsapAsa phaLa phUle nI vADIo racI che. rAte khullAmAM yAtrALa-hAjI-yAtrAbAda mAthe lIlAraMganuM kapaDuM bAMdhI ramavA mATe rozanIvALA Tenisa korTa che. taravA mATe vimiMga zake che. sarakAra hajayAtrIone mArgadarzana ApavA IjAra- pUla che. nRtya mATe simeMTanuM vizALa cogAna che. ane dAra mArgadarzaka-mutAvaphIna roke che. A yAtrALuonA philama jovA mATe paNa thiyeTara che. amerikana skUla ane verAmAMthI varSe 50 lAkha paDa eTale 1 karoDa rUpiyA nAnI IspitAla paNa ahI' che. arAmako ane vimAnI jeTalI Avaka thAya che. lAkheka yAtrALuo haja dara varSe mathaka vacce amerikana keyuleTa rAjakIya pratinidhi khAtuM kare che. Ina sAude 1912mAM dharmapracAra saMgaThana mATe AveluM che. tenA vacce AvelA makAnamAM praveza karatAM InvAna-bhAIo maMDaLa sthApyuM che. A vasAhatonuM mukhya aMdara vAtAnukUlita sukha sagavaDa ane Adhunika rAcaracIlAM sthaLa che artAviyA. A maMDaLanA sabhyo pazcimI zeAdha- najare paDe che. ahIM koI muslimane dArU pIrasavA tarIke kheLane upayoga karatA nathI ane pitAne ja sAcA muslima paNa rAkhavAmAM Avato nathI. vimAnI mathaka pAse ja gaNe che. makkAmAM temaja arebiyAmAM amerikana Aramako... amerikana havAIdaLa mathaka che. sAudI arebiyana eralAInsa atithigRha sivAya badhe dArUbaMdhI che. paNa have vimAnI sevA pUrI pADe che. madinA bIjuM mahatvanuM dharmayAtrA sthAna che. IslAma rAjA IbI sAude ghaNuM sudhArAo rAjyamAM karyo dharmanA payagambara mahamada sAhebe sane 632mAM A sthaLe che ane keTalIka Adhunika ane jarUrI sagavaDo 2 jaya ane deha choDyo ane svargavAsI thayA. prajAne pUrI pADI che. riyAdhamAM vIjaLI zaktithI dIvA je savA traNaso varSa junuM che. tenI vasati e karavA, pANIno jaththo prApta kare, gaMdakI nikAla mATe lAkha uparAMta che. te pAtA samudranA kinAre AveluM sAudI gaTara yejanA karavI, yAtrALuo mATe jerAmAM pANIne puravaTho pUro pADavo vagere karyuM che. sAudI arebiyAmAM arebiyAnuM mukhya baMdara ane sauthI moTuM zahera che. tyAMnI ImAratanuM sthApatya mUra zatrInuM che navembarathI phebruArInI relve mArga khAsa nathI. moTara vAhana vahevAra vadhI rahyo che. ane tene mATe 9000 mAIla uparAMta kAcA rastA che. varasAdanI RtumAM tyAM varSamAM traNeka iMca varasAda paDe che, 1947mAM sAudI arebiyAmAM 15,50 Traka-moTara lArIo paNa paDe tyAre kalAko ke divasomAM dhodhamAra jhApaTAM varase. cAlatI hatI makkA ane riyAdha vacce vAyaralesa saMdezAnuM te makkAnA raste Ave che. makkA ahIMthI 45 mAIla dUra che. joDANa hatuM te 1942mAM vistArI buredA, hokupha, madinA, riyAdha sAudI arebiyAnI rAjakIya rAjadhAnI lAkha ala-vejala, vAM, jephA jevA 16 uparAMta sthaLe nAnA uparAMtanI vasati dharAvatuM 600 miTaranI kilAbaMdhI dharA- vAyaralesa mathako UbhAM karavAmAM AvyAM che. jeddAmAM zakita vatuM zahera che. te raNanI vacce AveluM che. rAjAnA mahelo zALI reDiyo sTezana UbhuM thayuM che. 1947mAM sAudI ahI AvyA che. paradezI rAjAnI rajA ke AmaMtraNa sivAya arebiyAnuM lazkara 13000nuM hatuM. kharIdI karavA mATe A zaheranI mulAkAta laI zakatA nathI ane rAjAnI rajA paziyana amAnanA kinAre ala pibArathI 8 mAIla dUra Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asimatA bhAga-2 javuM paDe. sAudI arebiyAmAM visA uparAMta dAkhala thavA jAmAM daphana mATe. hAla eka lAkha uparAMta chokarIo 260 mATe "koronTAIna' phI tarIke dasa Dolara jeTalI-rUpiyA zALAomAM jAya che. paDadAne rivAja haju cAlu che. makkA 100 jeTalI rakama ApavI paDe che. pAMca miniTathI vadhu ane riyAdhamAM Adhunika yunivarsiTIo che ane peTa vimAnI mathake rahevA ke UtaravA mATe paNa 10 divasa liyama ane khanijonA jJAna mATe koleja che. cAle tevo praveza vIsA meLavavo paDe che. e pradezamAM dahanA raNamAM tIDo khUba pedA thAya che. Araba rahyA bAda choDavA mATe paNa rajA meLavavAnI 10 Dolara jeTalI phI ApavI paDe che. 1953thI koIpaNa prakAranA lokone taLelAM tIDo khUba bhAve che! tIDe UMTa ane ghoDAnA khorAka tarIke paNa vaparAya che. beduIna lokonuM dArUnI AyAta para pratibaMdha mUkAyo che. jIvana UMTa para ja nabhe che. UMTa temanuM vAhana che. UMTaAraba zadane artha spaSTabhASI thAya che. IrAnIone DInuM dUdha teo pIe che. UMTanuM mAMsa khAya che. tenA teo ajara eTale aspaSTa bhASI kahetA. pRthvInA pralaya- cAmaDAnA taMbu banAve che. tenA vALamAMthI ziyALAnI mAMthI bacela nohAnA putra ane temanA vaMzaje semAITa ThaMDI mATe kApaDa banAve che. chANa baLataNa tarIke vApare che. kahevAyA. IslAma dharma aMgIkAra karanAra semAITa vaMzanA kanyAne dahejamAM UMTanI paherAmaNI apAya che. leke Araba kahevAyA. hAlanA rAjA phejhalane bAjabAjIno khUba zokha che mahamada payagambaranA mRtyu bAda 100 varSamAM dhArmika ane tenA ustAdono darabAra bhare che. hAla 95 lAkha kAMtinA jussAthI Arabe traNa khaMDomAM ghaDAkAnI jema pIpa tela nIkaLe che, ane tenA vepAranAM chappana TakA arabaphelAI gayA. temaNe uttara AphrikA jItI laIne yuropamAM stAnane bhAge maLe evo 1958no karAra che. piorTugala ane spena jItI lIdhAM. pazcima eziyA jItIne arabastAnamAM hAjIo haja karIne kurabAnImAM gheTAM bhAratamAM siMdha jItI lIdhuM. Aje eziyAI ziyAmAM bakarAM ane bIjI dvAranI katala kare che ane tenA mAMsanA muslima prajAsattAka rAjaye che. tyAM samarakaMda sudhI sAmrA DhagalA para garIbo te meLavavA paDApaDI kare che tyAre bIjI jaya phelAvyuM. samudra mAge agni eziyAmAM inDoneziyA bAju dhanavAna Araba arebiyana rAtrIonI yAda ApatA sudhI temaNe vijaya meLavyo. vaibhava vilAsa mANe che 1945mAM Araba dezoe Araba lIga sthApI. bIjA vizvayuddha bAda sAudI arebiyAnI gAdIe ala IkhavAnA nAme oLakhAtA custa vahAbIo Avela rAjA phaijhale dezamAM aneka sudhArA dAkhala karyA che. arabastAnane payagambaranA jamAnAmAM ja rAkhavA mAgatA chatAM gunegArane kurAne pharamAvelI kaDaka sajA thAya hatA. temaNe, tAra, relave, moTara, vimAna, reDiyo ane che. AthI namAjanA samaye dukAnadAro dukAna khullI mUkI baMdUkano paNa virodha karyo. vahAbI saMpradAyano rAjA namAja paDhavA jAya chatAM keI corI thatI nathI. Arabadeza kApha" e karelA Adhunika vijJAnanA sudhArA apanAve telane hAla yuddhanA eka zastra tarIke vAparI rahyuM che. te ala IkhavAnane asahya lAgyuM ane temaNe rAjA sAme baLavo karyo. paNa teo hAryA. ane kUra mote maryA. aMgre sAudI arebiyAnAM paDethI nAnAM Araba rAja jee rAjAne madada karI hatI. have vahAbIo paNa reDiyo sAMbhaLatA, philama jotA ane vimAnamAM UDatA thayA. che. kAhirAnI mazahura gAyikA unma kusumanI gAyakI para baharena TApu samUha baharina amAnamAM AvelA Ara vArI jAya che. tene teo "yA kaukAbasa-zarkara " che. teno vistAra 213 corasa mAIla che. mukhya TApu pUrvanI bulabula kahe che. agAu khAnadAna Araba strIo baharena 30 mAIla lAMlo ane 10 mAIla pahoLo che. jiMdagImAM be vakhata ja gharabahAra nIkaLatI. ekato lagna vasatI 120000 uparAMta che. manAmAM TApu rAjadhAnI karyA bAda sAsare javA ane bIjI vakhata mRtyu bAda jana- che, tenI vasatI 28000 uparAMta che. muhara% TApu para baharina Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 823 muharakaka nagara bIjA naMbaranuM zahera che. tenI vasatI pAka che. yamanamAM relave nathI AjhIma nAgarika kAyado zariyA18,000 uparAMta che. manamAM motInA vepAra mATenuM hakimane kAyade, uphe AdivAsI ToLIno kAyado ema traNa mathaka che, 1934thI baharena Triliyama kaMpanI khanIja prakAranA kAyadA manamAM pravarte che. 40 bakSAno riyala tela peidA karatI thaI che. 1947mAM khanIja tela nikAsanI yamananuM nANuM che. bAhya duniyA sAthenA vahevAra mATe Avaka 318, 750 pauMDanI hatI. sane 1505 piTugijha sAnAmAM vAyaralesa sTezana che. yamanamAM 20000nuM pAyadaLa lokee A TApuno kabajo lIdho hato. 1602mAM temane lazkara che. naukAdaLa ke havAIdaLa nathI. IrAnamAMthI Araba lokee hala karI bhagADI mUkayA. eDana 181dathI utubI jamAtanA khaliphA kuTuMbanuM rAjaya cAle che. 1820mAM tenA zAsakee IsTa InDiyA kaMpanI sAthe eDana saMsthAna ane rakSita vibhAganA vistAra saMdhi karAra karyA. 1935mAM te mukhya briTiza naukA 112000 corasa mAIla che. eDananuM baMdara be javAlAmathaka banyuM. bIjA vizvayuddhamAM ITAlI ane vimAnamAMthI mukhI janita dvIpakalapa-jabala zamsana ane jabala IhutenA para bebamAro thayo hato. 194rathI nAmadAra zekha sananuM baneluM che. 1946nI vasatI gaNatarI pramANe tyAM sara salamAna Ibna hamada ala-khaliphAnuM zAsana che. 80,51nI vasatI hatI. te have lAkha uparAMtanI haze. eDana phrI porTa che ane tyAM dArU, davA ane mIThA yamana sivAya kazA para jakAta nathI. mIThAno IjAro sarakAra yamana arebiyAnA cheka dakSiNa pazcima khUNe AveluM pAse che. rastAo sArA che. nepoliliyananI bhArata jItache. vistAra 74000 corasa mAIla. varasAda 19 thI vAnI vaijanAtho eDana briTiza loko mATe mahatvanuM sthaLa 32 iMca; rAjadhAnI-sAnA. 3500000nI vasatI. banyuM. 1802mAM bahujanA sulatAna sAthe saMdhi karI briTiza loko eDanamAM vepArI tarIke pravezyA. 16mI jAnyuArI navamI sadImAM jheDhI ImAma yAhyA alahadI IlAba. 1839mAM briTiza naukAdaLe eDana zaherano beba mAro hakaDe yamanamAM rasIda vaMza sthApyo. te vaMzanuM rAjaya karI kabaje lIdhe ane sulatAna ahaja bhAgI gayA. 1939 cAlu che. 1947mAM 30thI navembare yunomAM sabhya tarIke thI 1972 sudhI eDanane vahIvaTa muMbAinI (briTiza) praveza. 1939 pachI deza cAra vibhAgamAM livAmAM vahe calAvatI hatI. 1 eprila 1937thI te chaDuM sarakAra briTiza cA-livAnA "ka"mAM vibhAge thayA ane "kada'nA saMsthAna banyuM. pirima kuriyA muriyA. kAmarAna TApuo eDa. AjhIla"mAM. Ajhala para siyadane vahIvaTa raheto. 15mI nanA kabaje che rakSita vibhAge be che. pazrimane -42000 jAnyuaArI-1947mAM ImAma yAhyAnuM khUna thayAnI vAta corasa mAIlane, pUrvano 70,000 corasa mAIlane. prasarI paNa te khoTI TharI-tenuM khUna 17mI phebruArI 1947mAM thayuM-temaja tenA be putronuM paNa khUna thayuM. A vibhAgonI vasatI 650,000 hatI. 1936mAM siyada abadulA ImAma thaye. te 60 varSane pisAdAra eDanamAM saradAranA putro mATe koleja sthapAI. briTiza jamInadAra ane kephane vepArI hato ane haDeDAno sarakAre sthApI. hAjyapAla hato paNa tenuM zAsana TakayuM nahi, yAhyAne katAra AThamo dikare jelamAM krAMtikArI tarIke pakaDAyo hato ane tene eDanamAM Azaro lIdho hato.-te sepha-ula katAranuM zekha rAjya 8000 corasa mAIlano vistAra haka navo ImAma banyo. paraMtu hajajA ane tihAmAmAM dharAve che. ane tenI vasatI 25000 uparAMta che. 1882thI lazkaranA vaDA tarIke rahetA pATavI kuMvara ahamade tenA tene greTa briTana sAthe saMbaMdha che. 1913thI zekha abdullA bhAI sephaula-ismAla abAsanI madadathI 14mI mArca IbI jamIma bIjAnI sattA katAra rAjya para cAlu thaI. 1935mAM vijaya praveza karyo. ane te peTroliyama vikAsa (katAra) kaMpanI zarU thaI. 1940mAM dukhana mArca 1947mAM 5mAma banyo. yamananuM mukhya dhana kophIno vistAramAM khanIja tela maLI AvyuM hatuM. Jain Education Intemational Education International

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824 maskata ane emAna A svataMtra sulatAnI rAjyanA vistAra 82000 cArasa mAIla che. te Akha dvIpakalpanA dakSiNa-pUrvanA khUNe AveluM che. tene 1000 mAIlanA dakSiNa pUrvamAM ane pUrvamAM dariyA kinArA che, tenI sattA maskata dhauvanA 1905nA kesathI heganI lavAdI keATe mAnya rAkhI, maskatamAM sarakAranuM kAma kAja cAle che. maskatathI mAtraha thaI khatinA medAna sudhInA 210 mAilanA rastA moTara vahevAra mATe sArA che. sirA TApu para selAkhA vimAnI mathaka che. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 che. tenA be vibhAga che. pAIreTa mesTa ane TresiyalakAsTa 1819mAM rAsa ala-khaniyA para hallA karI tene cAMciyA leAkAnI pravRttithI briTiza lAkoe mukta karyuM, cAMciyAnA vaMzajo have mAtI meLavavAnA kAmamAM paDayA che. pAI reTacAMciyA-kinArAnA vistAra 6000 cArasa mAIla che ane vasatI lagabhaga 1 lAkhanI. mArca 1892nA karArathI tenA briTiza leAkeA sAthenA saMbaMdheA aMkuzita che. kuvaita 1508mAM porTugijha leAkeAe nagarane khALI maskatamAM naukAmathaka ane kArakhAnu' sthApyAM hatAM. hAla sara saiyada sada Ikhana taimura (janma 1932) sulatAna che. pamI phebruArI 1939nI sadhithI maskata sAthe briTiza leAkA vepAra ane naukA vahevAranA sabadhA dharAve che. maskata-emAnanI vasatI pAMca lAkha uparAMtanI che. maskatathI dADamanI nikAza thAya che. tema ja sUkI mAchalInI. duM siyasa emAna dakSiNa arebiyAnA parziyana akhAtanA kinArAnA bhAga vistAra-20,000 cArasa mAIla vasatI pAMca lAkha uparAMta. kuvaita zaheramAM sarakArI mathaka, kuvaita zaheranI vasatI 70,000 uparAMta khasarA sudhI Adhunika meTara rastA che. kuvaitanA khalAsI prakhyAta che. 1850mAM briTananA kanTrala cesane e yuphrUTasa khINu relave kuvaita nagara sudhI sthApavAnI ceAjanA ghaDI. prathama vizvayuddha vakhate briTiza sarakAre kuvaitanA svAtaMtrya ne TekA ApyA. 23mI jAnyuArI 1899nI saddhithI briTana sAthe sa'badhA sthApita che. hAlanA zAsaka che zekha abdullA asa-salima asa sukhAha, kuvaita nagaramAM briTaza poliTikala eja'Ta rahe che. bhAratIya Aregya nidhi pragatine paMthe chellAM 18 varSathI kSaya nivAraNa kSetre niSi noMdhapAtra kArya karI rahela che. mubaImAM TI. khI. DAmIsIlayarI TrITamenTa pharatI hospiTala zaru karanAra A prathama saMsthA che. agiyAra senTAmAMthI trIsa senTara Aje cAle che. pahelAM 670 kSayanA dardIone khadale Aje 6000 dardIone vinA mUlye sAravAra apAya che. divase divase kha paNa vadhatA jAya che. pATaNamAM kSaya-nivAraNu hAspiTala, sarjIkala ane janarala hospiTala, ane AMkhanI hospiTala dasa-khAra varSothI cAlI rahI che. phula vArSika kharca rUA. nava lAkha meLavavAmAM Aja sudhI muzkelI na paDI. Aja sudhI janatA AgaLa kAI jAtanI Tahela nAkhavI nathI paDI. vadhu sevAnI bhAvanAthI prerAIne eka adyatana pAlIkalInIka-kama kenavelasanTa hema-kama rI hebIlITezana senTara-kama DIsapensarI garIba tathA madhyamavarganA kuTu ene sahAyarUpa thAya e STie zarU karavAnA sakalpa karyo che. prathama zrI gaNeza tarIke juhu-pArlsa DevaleAvamenTahAusIga sosAyaTIjha taraphathI bahu ja mAmUlI kI'mate 4200 cA.vA. kImatI jamIna maLI che. A mATe 5. jamanIthI yA ane premanA jharaNAM pragaTayAM ane ek, jI. embaga nAmanI seAsAyaTIe amArI jhoLImAM rU. pAMca lAkha ApavA vacana Apyu. AvAja eka vikala dayALu udArasahita mAnavapremI pAsethI rUA.-pAMca lAkhanu keAnavelasanTa heAma mATe vacana maLyu che. Ama tA nAnA-mATA dAnanAM jharaNAM vaDe jAya che. AkhA projekaTanA kula kharca rUA. trIsa lAkha thavAnI dhAMNA che. eka adyatana Arogya-dhAmane sAkAra karavAnI tamannA che. prema ane dAnanAM jharaNAM kadI sUkAtAM sAMbhaLyAM nathI. duHkhI nadI enA AMsu ane dilAsA sajIvanI ane ane amArI ceAjanAne mUrta svarUpa ApavA dAnavIra bhAI-baheneA dAnanAM jharaNAM vahevaDAvI amArI jhoLI chalakAvI deze. e ja abhyathanA. zrI eca. bI. zAha-pramukha zrI cadulAla ema. jhaverI zrI ramaNalAla ena. zAha zrI pepiTalAla bI. zAha : TrasTIe :- dhI zAMtilAla e. zAha 123/25, yAmaMdira, mamAdevI roDa, muMbaI-3

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 805 Phone : 574381-82-83 Grams : WET PROCESS ANDHERI-BOMBAY-58. CALICO INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERS CHAKALA WORKS, ANDHERI, BOMBAY-69 ENGINEERS OF MERIT MANUFACTURERS OF TEXTILE WET PROCESSING MACHINERY (1) Open width and/or rope form Continuous, & Semi-continuous Bleach ing Plant including 'Flash Bleach' range. (2) Continuous Dyeing plant (3) Thermosol Dyeing plant (4) Chainless Cloth Merceriser. (5) High efficiency open width washing & soaping m/c. (6) Automatic & Semi Automatic Dye Jiggers. (7) Eduard Kusters Aqua Roll mangles & Squeezing nips. (8) Curing or Polymerising Machine. (9) Hot flue drier, Cylinder drying ranges & Float air drier. (10) All types of pneumatic pressure mangles for Dyeing. Finishing & Sizing. (11) High speed Singeing Machine (12) Bleachers washing machine. Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 ki2chI)e zayanI , kRta pAThazALA zarU che javAnI aNI para zrI yazovijayajI jaina gurukuLa-pAlItANAnI yazagAthA AjathI 62 varSa pahelAM eka dIrghadraSTA muniratnazrI cAritra vijayajI (karachI)e zatruMjyanI zItaLa chAMyaDImAM saM. 1968mAM zukananuM zrIphaLa UchInuM lAvIne saMskRta pAThazALA zarU karI. pAMca varSa mAM ghaNA jhaMjhAvAto AvI gayA. e kumaLe choDa sUkAI javAnI aNI para hato. saMsthAnI javAbadArI zrI jIvaNacaMda dharamacaMda jhaverI. zrI lallubhAI karamacaMda tathA phakIracaMda kesarIcaMda zrIphane seMpI pite nizcita thayA. mahArAjazrIe pAlItANAnA jaLapralaya vakhate lokone bacAvavAthI je sevA karI hatI tethI prabhAvita thaI te vakhatanA eDamInITeTara mejara sTroMga sAhebe sTezana sAmenI vizALa jagyA navANuM varSonA pade ApI hatI. dezakALanI paristhitine vicAra karI vyavahArika zikSaNa sAthe dhArmika zikSaNa ApI vidyArthIono zArIrika, mAnasika vikAsa karavAnI daSTithI A jathe 57 varSa pahelAM gurukuLa zarU karyuM. vyavasthApaka samitie vidyAthI nivAsagRha, zayanagRha, prArthanAgRha, bhojanAlaya, ArogyamaMdira, vidyAlaya, vyAyAmazALA, ane daherAsara vagere samAjanA dAnavIro pAsethI madada meLavI baMdhAvyAM. miDalakUla zarU karI ane tene zrI maNIbahene rUA. 51 000nuM dAna ApyuM tethI tenuM nAma miDalaskUla sAthe joDavAmAM AvyuM. e maNIbahena nAnAlAla haricaMda miDala skUle sArI evI pragati kathI che. suvikhyAta milamAlika ane jaina samAjanA agresara zeTha ratilAla vardhamAna zAhanA pramukhapaNA nIce saM.1999mAM gurukuLano rajata mahotsava zAnadAra rIte ujavavAmAM Avyo e prasaMge gurukuLe saurASTramAM sauthI prathama kemasaMhAIskUla (vANijaya vidyAmaMdi2 ) zarU karI. samAjane jANIne AnaMda ane gaurava thaze ke A vANijaya vidyAmaMdiramAMthI 12 to cArTarDa ekAunTanTa, 100 jeTalA bIkama ane 200 jeTalA vANijayavinIta nIkaLyA che. e gurukuLanI siddhi che. gurukuLamAM 80 vidyAthIo phrI rAkhavAmAM Ave che. vANijayavidyAmaMdiranA makAna mATe zrImAna hAthIbhAI gulAbaca de rUA. 25000, zrI jagatacaMdra nemacaMda rAe rUA. 25000, zrI dhIrajalAla jIvAbhAI kesarIcaMde rUA. 1000, zrI ratilAla vardhamAna tathA zrI caMdulAla vardhamAne sabhAgRha mATe rUA. 11000, ane zrI maNIbahena nAnAlAla harIcaMdanA drahIoe rU. 50000, ApI saMsthAnA vikAsamAM zasvI phALo Apyo che. vANijaya vidyAmaMdira pragatI sAdhI rahela che. zALAmAM 600 jeTalA vidyAthIo lAbha laI rahyA che. esa. esa. sI.nA pariNAmo 65-75 TakA Ave che. zALAmAM vijJAnanA vargo ane TekanIkala zAkhA zarU karavAmAM AvI che. vidyAthIo vidhavidha vikAsa pravRttio dvArA zArIrika ane mAnasika vikAsa sAdhI rahyA che. Aja sudhImAM lagabhaga 2500 vidyAthIonAM jIvana saMsthAe ujALyAM che. saMsthAne te vakhatanA pramukha zrI ema. ema. zAhe rUA. 25000, ApyA hatA. temanuM nAma pustakAlaya sAthe zobhI rahyuM che. gurukuLa premI zrI kAMtilAla sI. parIkhe rUA. 11000, krIDAMgaNa mATe ApyA ane gurukuLa sAmenA pleTamAM zrI kamaLA kIDAMgaNamAM vidyArthIo vighavigha ramatanI tAlIma meLave che. saMsthAne suvarNa mahotsava Avyo. pUrva vidyArthIoe rUA. 11 lAkha ekatra karavAne zubha saMkalpa karyo. muMbaImAM be samAraMbhe, eka amadAvAda, eka bhAvanagara, ane eka kalattAmA samAraMbho ujavAyA. pUrva vidyAthIe e mAtRpaNa adA karavAnI uca bhAvanAthI pote kAA lAkha ApyA. ane samAjanA sahakArathI 11 lAkhanu lakSAMka puruM thayuM. e jina saMsthAe mATe gaurava levA ane anukaraNa karavA jevo prasaMga che. A rIte gurukuLe vikrama karyo gaNu ze. saMsthAne kAyamI Avaka thayA kare e daSTie eka suMdara makAna azoka cembasa bharUca sTrITa muMbaI 9 levAmAM AvyuM che. saMsthAnA ghaDataramAM ane vikAsavardhanamAM prANa preraka sva. zAha caMdulAla vardhamAna, zrI manubhAI gulAbacaMda kApaDiyA, tathA zrI pravINacaMdra hemacaMdabhAInI avirata sevA gurukuLanA itihAsamAM cira maraNIya raheze, Aje gurukuLa mitra maMDaLanA utsAhI mitrA gurukuLa nI vyavasthAnI javAbadArI saMbhALI rahyA che. jaina samAjamAM gurukuLa eka pragatizIla saMsthA gaNAya che. vyavasthApaka samiti navanavA prasthAna karavA jAgrata che. gurukuLanA utthAna ane vikAsa vardhanamAM samAjanA dAnavIra dAnanAM jharaNAM vaheDAve ane samAjanA ghaDavaiyAo sakriya sahakAra Ape e ja abhyarthanA. bAlacaMda cha, dezI zrI manasukhabhAI gulAbacaMda pramukha zrI caMpakalAla gIradharalAla vorA zrI mahAsukharAya premacaMda zAha dalIcaMda puruttama zAha mAnadra moSa. kSa. zrI manasukhalAla talakacaMda dozI upapramukha mAnad maMtrI Jain Education Intemational

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irAnano sAMskRtika pravAsa zrI kRSNavadana jeTalI bhArata ane IrAnanA rAjakIya, Arthika, vyApArika bIjA eka tRtiyAMza bhAgamAM jaMgala ane parvata che. ane sAMskRtika saMbaMdhe ghaNu purANuM che. IrAnamAMthI pAra- dariyAnI sapATIthI IrAnane pradeza 4000 phaTa Uce che, sIo gujarAtanA surata jillAnA saMjANa zaheramAM AvyA teno supta javAlAmukhI parvata demavaMda 18,9000 phITanI ane dUdhamAM sAkara bhaLe tema bhAratanA loko sAthe bhaLI UMcAI dharAve che. gayA. IrAnanuM bIjuM nAma parziyA che. te parathI tyAMnA IrAnanI uttara sarahade soviyeTa raziyA, pazcime takI, loko pArasI kahevAyA ane tyAMnI bhASA phArasI kahevAya che. muMbaImAM aneka IrAnIonI moTI hoTalo che. pArasI IrAka ane sAudI arebiyA, dakSiNe IrAnano akhAta, omAna samudra ane pUrvamAM pAkIstAna ane aphaghAnIstAna kemanA bhAratIya rASTravAdI dAdAbhAI navarojI ane udyoga AvelAM che. pati jamazedajI tAtAnA nAma bhAratabharamAM mazahura che. IrAnanA nAma sAthe tyAMnA gAlIcA ane bagIcA ane IrAnamAM kujhIstAnanA phaLadrupa medAnane karuNa nadI bulabulonA gIto gAnArA kavio hAphIjha zekhazAdI, zAha sIMce che. saphIda-ruda kudIstAnanA parvatamAMthI nIkaLI nAmano, phAhA kavi pharadausI, ummara khayyAmanI rubAyata, kAzmIana samUdrane jaIne maLe che. harAma demavaMdanA DhALasuphIvAda bahAI dharmanA sthApaka bAba ane abdulabahA mAMthI vahetI kApI ane samudrane maLe che ane jhaveha rUda vagere aneka smRti citro magajamAM khaDAM thAya che. dariyAne maLatI nathI. kAspIana samudra te duniyAnuM sauthI moTuM sarovara che. pazcima ajhara bijAmAM 2500 co. ki. paziyA-IrAnanI pAdazAhata eka vakhata eTalI vizALa miTaranuM rajheha sarovara che ane phAsamAM nirijha sarovara che. hatI ke mahAna rAjA sAyarasanA putre kahyuM hatuM ke mArA pitAnuM rAjya dakSiNamAM eTaluM vistareluM che tyAMnA cheDe IrAnane rASTradhvaja lIlA, sapheda paTAmAM siMha ane - garamIne lIdhe mANasa rahI zake nahi ane uttaranI sImAe sUryanuM pratIka che. IrAnamAM baMdhAraNIya rAjAzAhI che. ane eTalI ThaMDI paDe che ke tene lIdhe mANasa rahI zake nahiM. hAla bAdazAha mahammada rejhazAha tenA zAsaka che. paziyA InDo-yuropiyana vaMzanA pUrvaja AryonuM vatana hatuM. temAM sukI ane maMgala lohI tathA Araba lohI mahAna darAyasa rAjAnuM pATanagara khujhIstAnamAM AveluM keTaleka aMze bhaLyuM. IrAnanuM sAyarase sthApeluM mahArAjya asA jANe IrAnanA itihA susA jANe IrAnanA itihAsana virATa graMtha che. tenI I. sa. pUrve 548 mAM khUba vistRta hatuM ane tene mahAna bhUminA paDo e e ItihAsanA prakaraNe che ane tyAMnI darIyasa ane jharajhise majabUta karyuM hatuM. Ama IrAnane mATIkAmanI vastuo jANe tenAM citro che. hamogana ane itihAsa 2500 varSa pahelAMnI tenI jAhojalAlIno sAkSI che. mukhyalI jevA vidvAna purAtatva sa zodhakoe khodakAma karI I.sa. pUrve 3000nA bebilona ane akakaDa (I. sa. hAlanuM IrAna 1,645000 corasa kilo miTara eTale 2800) tathA asiriyana (I.pU. 1800) ane suzAna 628000 corasa mAIlana vistAra dharAve che. tenI vasatI kAmanA avazeSo meLavyA che. sAtamI jAdImAM Araba be karoDa uparAMtanI che. tenI rASTrabhASA phArasI che. dharma lokoe IslAmanA jhaMDA taLe IrAna para AkramaNa karyuM. ziyAkhaMthI muslIma che. IrAna yuropanA phrAMsa, IMglAMDa, jarmanI, 13mI sadImAM maMgolo IrAna para caDI AvyA. ane chelalA svIjharlenDa, belajIyama, holAnDa ane DenmArkane bhegA karIe khalIphane hulAgu, mogala pAdazAhanA hukamathI cakadI nAMkhateTaluM moTuM che. enA eka tRtiyAMza bhAgamAM raNa ane vAmAM Avyo, meMgalone IrAnIoe rAja karyA ane Jain Education Intenational

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828 teo kalA ane sAhityanA AzrayadAtA banyA. savida vaze 16mI sadImAM parziyAmAM ekatA ANI ane 200 varSa rAjya karyuM. te pachInI be sadI 1700 khAda IrAnanI paDatI AvI gheADA samaya nAdirazAha (1730-1748)nA zAsana taLe temAM sudhArAnI AzA jyAta pragaTI paNa 1747mAM nAdirazAhanu* khUna thayuM. pachI kajAra vazanu` rAjya (1794-1925) sudhI rahyu. ane 1925mAM pArlAmenTe rajhAkhAnane sarvasattA soMpI ane te hAlanA zahenazAhanA pitA eprila 25, 1956ne dine pahelavI nAma dhAraNa kadI IrAnanA khAdazAha banyA. temaNe paMdara varSanA rAjyamAM dhaNA sudhArA karyA. 1941mAM rejhAzAhane gAdI ane rAjya tenA rAjakuMvarane soMpI jatA rahevu paDayuM. te pachI hAlanA rAjA mahamada rejhAzAhe IrAnane vadhu AdhunikatA tarapha doryuM, have IrAnanuM pATanagara taherAna che. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 eka ja Aya raktanA saMtAna hovAne kAraNe bhAra tIyeA ane irAnIemAM bhASA paraMparA, dhArmika vizvAsa kRtya, AcAra vicAra vageremAM aneka samAnatA maLe che. vedo ane avastAme eka ja devatAo jude jude nAme oLakhAya che. dAkhalA tIke vaidika varuNa avastAmAM ahura majaya che. vaidika mitra, avastAmAM mizra che. vRtrArUNyu avastAmAM verethrajJa che. vedomAM sAma rasanA ullekha avasatAmAM 'hAma' rasa rUpe che, kAraNa IrAnI leAkeA "sa"nA uccAra "huM" karatA hatA. ane tethI temaNe 'sindhu' parathI tene pAra rahenArA "hindu" zabda bhAratavAsIe mATe vAparyA. RgvedamAM IrAna saMbaMdhI carcA che. pArAzara ( 10-33-2) padavI AnuM udAharaNa che. 'hata hindu ' avastAmAM che. teneA RgvedamAM sapta siMdhu deza tarIke ullekha che (8,24,27) jarakhaza (I.sa.pU. 486-465)nA zAsanamAM bhArata para IrAnanA adhikAra vacceA. grIka ItihAsakAra jhenephene lakhyuM che ke bhAratIya rAjAe sAyarasanA dezamAM eka rAjadUta mAkalyA. pANinIe akhamanI sAmAnya kAlanI phArasIlipine yavanI lipi tarIke oLakhAtrI che. takSazilAmAM azeAkanA tatkAlIna irAnI lipimAM eka zilAlekha maLI AvyeA che tAjamahelanA dhummaTa IrAnI zilpakalAnuM pratIka che. bhAratIya kalApara paNa IrAnI kalAnA sAre| prabhAva che. te mugala kalapanA citromAM spaSTa thAya che. jana mahAvi gaTee IrAnI kavitAthI prabhAvita thaI ' vesTa-IsTa divAna' nAM kAvyeA racyAM, IrAnanA deza 14 (AstAna) IlAkAmAM vahecAyelA che. ane te dareka para estAnadAranI sattA che. dareka AstAna zaherestAnamAM vibhAjita thAya che. ane zaharestAna para pharamAnadAranI sattA hoya che. zaheraeNstAnanuM vibhAjana khajJezamAM thAya che. tenA uparI khazadvAra hoya che. IrAna duniyAnA khanIja tela utpAdaka pradezeAmAM ceAthe| naMbara dharAve che, kalA kArIgarImAM tyAMnA gAlIcA vakhathAya che. ane pistAM tathA sukA mevA tyAM sArA pramANamAM thAya che ane paradeza jAya che nANAnA ekama riyala che ane 7pa riyala kharAkhara eka Dolara thAya. rAjA mahamada phaijha zAhe khIjA vizvayuddhanI ajhara majAnI ane telanI kaTokaTInA hala lAvavAmAM bhAre kuzaLatA batAvI che. temaja karajabadha mahamada phaijhAzAha-phrema baMdha, sadi-ruda khaMdha vagere khaMdhAvI, saMdezA vahevAra tathA rastAo ane khaMdA sudhArI dezanI pragatimAM ane AkhAdImAM sArA phALA ApyA che. paradezI lena levI reSTha zAhune gamatI nahi tethI 1925 mAM khAMDa ane cahA para kara nAMkhI tenI AvakamAMthI TrAnsa-IrAniyana relve adhAi tethI te khAMDanI relave kahevAya che. A relave para AvatA vereska pUla majhanadaranamAMthI TrAnsa-IrAnIyana relavenI eka ajAyabI gaNAya che. 21 mI mArca athavA 22 mI mArce navarAJa-nUtana varSanA tahevAra ujavAya che. -- ApaNe ApaNA IrAna-paricaya-pravAsa tenA pATanagara taherAnathI zarU karIe. I. sa. 1220 pahelAMnA taherAnanA itihAsa nAza pAmyA che. kheArAsAranA rAjyapAla tAhiranA nAmathI A zahera saMkaLAyeluM che, athavA teha-rana nAma sAthe tenA saMbaMdha che. e vicArazane puSTi maLatI nathI. tehAna eTale huMphALuM sthAna. jema zemarAna eTale ThaMDu sthaLa. taherAnane suMdara khanAvanAra prathama rAjA hatA karIma khAna jIMda (1758-59), teharAnanA khA vikAsa prathama vizvayuddha bAda resA zAhe pahelavInA zAsanamAM thayeA. chellA 30-40 varSamAM teharAnanI vasatI 10 gaNI uparAMtanI thai che. tenu kSetraphaLa pAMcagaNA karatAM vadhu vadhyu che. ane mATara vAhana vahevAra 10,000 gaNA thayA che. cha thI vIsa mALanAM makAnA khaMdhAyA che. tehurAna Ilappujha patAnI taLeTImAM

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 829 vaseluM che. to vyAla zikhara (14000 phITa) ane ketuna zAhajhadamAM khaDanuM kArakhAnuM che. ane kuhaka pAse eka bastaka parvatamALAno barapha tene pANI Ape che. zahera nAnI sarasa guphA che. rAyanagara teharAna pa se vArAminanA samudranI sapATIthI 3600 phITa UMce che. karaja ane jaje. raste AveluM purAtattvanI daSTie agatyanuM aitihAsika nagara rUda nadIo unALAmAM sukAI jAya che, paNa baMne nadIo che. tapheza IrAnanA vidvAnonuM nagara che ane tyAMnA sulekhana para baMdha bAMdhI pANI jALavavAnI vyavasthA thaI che. tahe. mATe jANItA lahiyAonuM kAma atyaMta vakhaNAya che. rAnamAM duniyAnuM eka sauthI moTuM tamAkunuM kArakhAnuM mahatalata-jA komanA vaDA AgAkhAnanuM janma sthAna che. dekhAMyana" (tamAku) che. bahArastAna skevaramAM lalitakalA kajhIna nagara sAsanayina rAjA zApure baMdhAveluM hatuM saMgrahasthAna jovA jevuM che mayadAna AkamAM gulIstAM te teharAna. kAripa anakinAre ajarabanA ane kudI sIgnane rAjamahela saMgrahAlaya che. gulIstAM mahela nAsera-uddIna zAhe jeDatA cAra rastA paranuM kendra che. tenI vasatI pa6,000nI 18mI sadImAM baMdhAvyo hato. melI beMkamAM IrAnanA zAhI che. eka vakhatanuM A AbAda nagara hAlamAM bedarakArIno ratna pradazita karyA che. ahIMnuM vimAnI mathaka meharAbAda bhoga banyuM che. ahI nuM saMgrahAlaya tathA mahAna itihAsache. ane relave sTezana pahelavI evanyunA dakSiNa cheDe AveluM kAra hamadAdalAha-mustaphInI daragAha vagere jevA jevAM sthaLo che. rAyanA purANA avaze 4000 varSa pahelAMnA che. 19 che. teharAnathI anagara 90 mAIla phUra che. mI sadI nI sapAha-sAlAra marijada uparAMta marijIdA zAha, jumA masjida, ImAmajhade yAhyA jANItI masijado che. grIka ItihAsakAre varNavela sAta judA judA raMganA chokarIonI ramata gamata mATe alaga skarappA sTeDiyama che. durgAvALuM ekalatAnA nagara te hAlanuM hamAdAna che. A jUrakhAne IrAnano paraMparAgata akhADo che. keI hamAma durgomAMne ekake hAla hayAta nathI. ahIM yahudIonuM devaLa (snAnAgAra)mAM tame navarAvanAra mAMgIne nahAvA gayA te estharamadekAI AveluM che. ane 11mI sadIne muMbai kalAko sudhI temane tyAM rAkhI jiMdagIbharano tamArA zarIra alaviyAM che tathA mahAna vidvAna avisenAnI smAraka daragAha no mela kADhI tamArA aMgopAMganA TacAkA bolAvI deze. che. hamAdAnamAM IrAnanI prakhyAta vAdaLI raMgonI kalA kArIteharAna IrAnanA madhya IlAkAmAM AvyuM che. A IlAkAnA gIrI thAya che. graMjana takathI teharAna AvatAM vacce Ave bIjA zahero paNa ApaNe joIe. che ane tyAM lokhaMDa ane tAMbAnI kArIgarInA uttama namUnA maLe che. kavumanuM pavitra nagara teharAna ane kajhInathI sarakhuM ghaNuM leko IrAnane parvatone ane raNene zuSka dUra che. AmAM mezedanA ImAma rejhAnI bahena hajharata mAsu pradeza mAne che te je sAmudrika IlAko guIlAna ane mAnuM samAraka IrAnanuM eka atihAsika yAtrAdhAma che. kuma majhaMdarAnanA hariyALAM vane jue te tene kheTa khyAla IrAnanuM bIjA naMbaranuM yAtrAdhAma che. 11mI sadIthI bhUMsAI jAya. guIlAnanuM pATanagara rata che. ane majhadarAnanuM tyAM dhArmika abhyAsa sthaLo, masjida baMdhAyelAM che. sarI, zAMta suMdara prAkRtika sthaLoe aThavADiyuM ke mahine dharmaguru ayolAha berujhidanA nirIkSaNa taLe baMdhAyela rahevA mATe leko ahInA nauzahara, 2masara, bAbAsaramAM masjida atyaMta suMdara che. ImAmajhAde hamajhena-anokho Ave che. ahIM sArI hoTalo ane moTo che. sAhasika dhummaTa ane tenA minArA tathA zahina khorAsAna masjidanA pravAsIo Alama kuha (16000 phUTa UMcuM) ane takhta pheTA tame laI zako. bIjA mATe paravAnagI levI paDe. ahIM sulemAna parvatanuM ArohaNa karavA Icche che. kalaradazA khINu telanA kUvAco che ane kuma ane teharAna vacce riphAInarI vistRta ane hariyALI che ane te parvatanA zikharo tarapha baMdhAI che. caDhe che. ahIM keTalIka khINomAM Abe gama (garama pANI) kherAma zaheranA raste AvelA saha ane araka nI khINa paNa che. parvatanI bIjI bAju khUnIonI khINa , atihAsika nagara che. sahu eka purANa IlAmI nagara che. 13mI sadImAM ahIM trAsavAdI hasana sambAhano aDDo hato. che. ane sAsaniyana samayamAM baMdhAyela baMdha tathA jumAM pacAsa varSa upara eka paziyana mutsaddIe bhAratamAMthI marijada jevA jevI che. ahInAM dADama vakhaNAya che. arakamAM cahAnAM bI lAvIne potAnA bagIcAmAM vAvyAM. tenA keTalAka Jain Education Intemational

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830 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 prayogo niSphaLa gayA paNa tenI khAte vijaya meLavyuM ane para miTara-180 phITa UMco che, ane cha khUNiyA bhaya - te kazephausa sahataneha parziyA IrAnanI cahAnA pitA kahevAyo. taLiyAne Avare che. hAla bahIjAnamAM 12000 Tana cahAnI vArSika pedAza che. ajharabajAnA parvata ane dakSiNamAM karamanaane 65 uparAMta cahAnA kArakhAnAM che. cahAnA bagIcAomAM strIo kAma kare che. A bagIcA lahI jAnathI pUrvamAM zAhanA medAne vacce Avelo kudIstAnane pradeza bahAdu rono, vicitra rivAjo ane vicitra pizAkone pradeza che. majharadAna ane pazcimamAM guIlAnamAM vistaratA jAya che. A pradezanuM pATanagara sanaMdaja che ane te kASThakalA ane pArasI dharmanA sthApaka jharathustranuM janmasthAna IrAnanA kudaza dhAbaLA mATe vakhaNAya che. agni para cAlanArA eka sauthI prAcIna sAMskRtika ilAkA ajharabejAMmAM AveluM ane kAca khAnArA phakIre ahIM nRtya kare che. urI stAnane che. ajharabaijAne uttara bhAga seviyeTa raziyAmAM che. pradeza paNa kudIza jevo vicitra raMgIta pizAkavALA asiriyana pAdazAhatane uthalAvanAra miDijhanuM A vatana mArAthI mANasethI pravAsIone AkarSe che. ahIMnI prakhyAta 2000thI hatuM. pUrva ajharabaijAnuM pATanagara tabrIjha che, tenI vasatI rasI nI 4000 I. sa. pUrvenI kAMsAkalA prAcIna saMskRtinI sAkSI che. aDhI lAkha uparAMta che ane pazcima ajharabejanuM pATanagara karamanazAha pAse eka Taba khedatAM eka lAkha jhAIha che. IrAnanI uttama tamAku ahIM thAya che. tabrIjhamAM varSa pahelAMnuM hADapiMjara maLI AvyuM che, karamanazAha | nagarathI 45 mAIla dUra bisetune DuMgaranI taLeTImAM mahAna ane paMdaramI sadInAM sauthI suMdara graMthAvaraNa tabrIjhamAM darAyasa (480 i.sa. pUrva)nA lekho che. nagara pAse tAdhetaiyAra thayAM hatAM. 13mI sadInI vAdaLI masjida tathA alI. bastamAMnI guphAmAM cothI sadInA khaDaThamAM katarelAM zipa zAhanI masjida atihAsika suMdara smArako che. pazcima che. A pradeza irAnanI sauthI purANI vasAhata che. zAhI ajharabaijAmAM marazAhamAM prAcIna 8000 varSa pahelAMnI khuzarU pavijhanA zabrijha parvata para devI pAse aMgUThI sati avazeSa rUpe khoLI kADhavAmAM AvI che. IrAnanA svIkAratA rAjAnuM zi95 che. mahAna kavi nijhAmIe lakhela khagoLavettA nAsIra tussIe baMdhAvela prathama khagoLa vedha khuzarU zirinanuM premakathAnaka A pradezamAM vaNAyuM che. bharazALA jhIja cAra varSa uparAMtanI jUnI ImArata haju vADa pharahAde tenI priyatamA zirina khAtara parvatane karyo. khaDI che. Aja ImAratamAM prakhyAta arghabIla gAlIce paNa zirina te rAjAne paraNI ane pharahAde pitAnAM TAMkabanyo hato. ane A mUlyavAna gAlIco hAla laMDananA NAthI pitAnuM bhAla cIyuM. IrAnanA loko phahAdane sAcA vikaTorIyA ane AlabarTa myujhiyamamAM che. abIlathI premanuM pratIka mAne che. tenA jIvananI aneka kathAo parathI pavitra jarathustranA parvata sabalAna upara 16000 phITanI nATako khelAya che. navarojha nUtana varSanA tahevAromAM UMcAI e sahelAIthI javAya che. A parvata para kAyamI karamanazAhane dakSiNa-pazcima pradeza vividha raMgI grAmINa barapha hoya che. bIjA parvata sahaMdamAM rIMcha ane parvatIya pizAkavALA gAyako, nRtya karanArAthI dhabakI UThe che. bakarAMno zikAra thAya che. A parvatanA zikhare agnivedInA ma? agnivedInA IrAnamAM 40 lAkha loko bhamatI jAtionA che. AvI avazeSa jovA maLe che. tabrIjha-teharAna relave 342 kilo lagabhaga 100 jAtio che ane darekanI belI, paheraveza miTaranA aMtaranI che. ajharazahera vistAramAM prakhyAta meMgola judAM judAM che. batarI loka 1500 varSanA purANuM pArthiyana vikarALa vijetA phelAgunI daragAha che. meMgela rAjakuMvarI rAjAnI kAMsAnI pratimA para mAthe paherelI TopI haju -ardhananI putrI khIelamAM daphana pAmI che. 12mI sadInI pahere che. bhamatI jAtio ahIMnI mAladhArInI jAti rejha jumA majida IrAnanI eka atyaMta suMdara majida jevI hoya che. che. jhaMjana pAse IrAnanuM sauthI noMdhapAtra bhulAyeluM zahera sutAniyA AveluM che. megala zAsaka jJajaMtu khedAbAdeza IphahAna IrAnanA madhyabhAgamAM Avela mATe IlAke mATe 1307mAM baMdhAyela sutAniyA dhummaTa sauthI UMco che. dI, rAkSasonA vinAzakartA tahamurethe isphahAna zahera ane paripina sthapationI mahAna kalAkRti che. A dhummaTa 2000 varSa pahelAM baMdhAvyuM hatuM. ahIM IrAnI yahudIo Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 831 ju barehamAM rahe che. grIka bhUgoLa lekhaka Telemie tene kavi zekha sAdI (1184-1291) ane suMdara yuvatInA aspadAna (azva ghaDo) jeno artha ghaDo thAya che te ghaDe. gAla paranA tala para samarakaMda ane bukhAre zahero arpaNa svAra sainikone e ulekhe che. IraphahAna zahera savida karavA taiyAra thanAra kavi hAphijhanuM (1324-1388) A vaMzanuM zahera che. ane tenI bhavyatA mahAna rAjA zAha- vatana che. A baMne kavionI ArAma gAha kurAna daravAjA abhyAsane AbhArI che. 1590mAM te zahera abhyAsanuM pAse che. zirAjhanI vidyApITha da2-ula-Ima vidyAnuM Alaya pATanagara hatuM. zaheranI vasatI pAMca lAkha uparAMta che kahevAya che. 1953mAM teno AraMbha thayo zirAjha zahera prayatneha suda ( anaMtanadI) tenA pradezane sIce che. gAlI- tenA bagIcAo mATe prakhyAta che. zirAjha zahera phAsaM- cAnI suMdara kalA kArIgarI, khatama, kASTha kataraNI vagere prAcIna irAnanA mULa-ilAkAnuM pATanagara che. kAma bAga kAmo mATe te mazahUra che. taherAnathI IphahAna denika ane nAraMjastAna (nAkagInI kuMja)mAM vikhyAta darpaNabasa sarvisa che. medAna zAha 512x60 miTara no khaMDa che. khatama kalAnuM kAma ahIMnuM vakhaNAya che. bAgavizALa coka che, ane tenI dakSiNe zAha abAse araba, bAga-dilakhuza, bAga-tata, bAge-anArI, bAgebaMdhAvela zAha masjida atyaMta manohara che zakha masji khalIlI-eprila ane me mahinAmAM pUrNa bahArathI khIlI dano 42 miTara UMce ghummaTa suMdara che. ane A UThe che. majida strIo mATe hatI. te baMdhAvavA 15 varSano IrAnanA pravAsIne tenI prAcIna bhavyatAne sAce samaya le vIte alIyune 117 pagathiyAM che. ane tyAMthI zAha khayAla prakhyAta pAsamAMnA paripiolisa pajharagAde, nakaze abbAsa piolonI ramata jotA ane tenA maMDapamAM mija rustama, ane karamazAha pAsenA bisetunanI mulAkAta bAnIo goThavatA. ahI nI jummA masijadanAM minAra 35 lIdhA vinA AvI zake tema nathI. A avazeSo ane khaDamITara uMcA che. jummA masijada pachI cahela se tunane kamAM kaMDArelA zilpa I. sa. pUrve 640thI I.sa. 600 zAha abbAsanI rAjagAdI vALa suMdara maMDapa jevAnuM sudhInA che. karamanazAhamAMnA pila-jhahubatI kotaraNI I. sa. bhUlavuM nahIM. cahara bAdha masjida athavA sulatAnI madresAnA pUrve 2400nI kahevAya che. 134 khaMDe che. chellA saphavida vaMzanA rAjA sulatAna husenanuM khUna ahIM thayuM hatuM. AkhI ImArata 8500 ce. pajharagAdenA aitihAsika avaze (I.sa. pUrve 558mITarano vistAra dharAve che. tenA minArA 28 mITara 330) samayanA che. zirAjhathI 80 kilomITara dUra 5siM UMcA che. ane ahI dhArmika zikSaNanuM kendra hatuM. Ika- polisanI uttare traNa mahele AvelA chehAnanuM bajAra aneka kutUhalapreraka vastu vece che. traNa mAIla (1) pUrvane mahela-temAM sAyarasanuM prakhyAta upasAveluM pazcime hAlanA minArA 13mI sadInA che. zilpa che. A IlAkAnAM yajhada zaheranI vasatI 70,000 upara (2) sAtharasane khAnagI mahela-temAM have eka staMbha che. ane rezama tathA jarInuM kAma ahInuM khUba vakhaNAya Ubhe che ane uparanA bhAgamAM "huM rAjA sAyarasa che. aEstAna ane tenI masijada purAtatvanA abhyAsIone akhimeniyana chuM" ema zabdo che. mATe agatyanI che. naInamAM 9mI sadInI purANI marijada (3) darabAra mahela sauthI moTo che. tenA dvAra para mAnavache. kazanamAM kApaDanI milo che. kazI eTale TAIla athavA masyanuM vicitra kotarakAma che. pAse ja chaMdane sulemATIkAma te parathI kazana zabda Avyo che. ane ahIMnuM mAna (solomananuM kedakhAnuM) che ane vizALa paththaranI mATI kalAnuM kAma IrAnamAM zreSTha gaNAya che. misaranI vyAsapIDa takhta-sulemAna tarIke oLakhAya che. khInAM gulAbamAMthI zreSTha gulAbajaLa taiyAra thAya che. kavi pasiMpilisanI ImArato zirAjhathI IsaphahAna jatAM hatiphe tenI prakhyAta tajavaMdamAM IrAnanI bhAvanA biradAvI che. prathama najare caDe che. pasipolisanuM bAMdhakAma pajharagAde IsphahAnathI bIje naMbare IrAnanA kAvyamaya pATanagara pachI se varSe thayuM hatuM. mahAna darAyasa ane teno putra zirAjhanuM sthAna Ave che. gulIstAM ane bestAMnA mahAna jharajhisa prathama A mahAna mahelanA racanArA hatA. AmAM 16 vakIlatAnI mara SW thayuM Jain Education Intemational ation Intermational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 (1) 450 x 300 mITarane eka pleTaphorma che. pAse ja haphata tapeha (sapTaTIMbA)no zeraDI pidA karato A * para javA rastA parathI Toca sudhInI pradeza che. A pradezamAM IlAmAITa sa kRtinA dura-utAMzI moTI pagathiyAMnI sIDI che. samayanA (I.sa. pUrve 1500 thI 1250)nA devaLe nA jharajhisanuM alaMkArika taraNuM dvAra che, je se staMbhanA avazeSo che. khujhIstAnanuM pATanagara ahavAjha karuna nadIne mahela ane apAdAna tarapha laI jAya che. A torasanA kinAre che. ahI pAse rAmahorama ane behabahAma zahere baMne staMbha para UDatA vRSabhe suMdara rIte kaMDAryA che. 3000 varSa purANuM che. suMdara purAtatvanA avaze vALa (4) apAdAna pleTaphorma thI pAMca phuTa UMce che ane tenA kharka TApu telano bhaMDAra banyo che. 1909mAM IrAnamAM prathama tela kuvo briTiza kaMpanI dvArA dAyo, tyArathI na 13 staMbha haju UbhA che. tenA lekho parathI 28 yuga zarU thayA ane IrAnane tela khajAne khUlyo. rASTranI prajA mahAna rAjA mATe bheTo lAvatI hatI. tenA pAyAmAMthI suvarNa ane rUpAMnI takhtIo maLI karamAna ane balucistAna IrAnIe ane bhAratIya AvI che. Ayano vaccenI kaDI che. purAtatvavidoe baluciratAnanA caha(5) madhyastha mahelanA pagathiye parziyana ane miDiyana bahAranA TIMbAo bAmapura nadI sudhI kheDyA ane I.sa. amIra batAvyo che. pUrve 8000 pahelAMnA mATI pAtro ane dhAtu cIja zedhI (6) tamArA darAyasane khAnagI mahela hato temAM mahAna kADhI. A jAtanAM ja pAtro vagere mohana-jo-daDonI khINarAjAne rAkSasa sAthe laDato batAvyo che. mAMthI maLI AvelAM hatAM tethI bhAratanA ane IrAnanA (7) hadiza-apAdAnanI rakSiNe-jharakisana mahela hato. AryonI saMskRti samAna hatI ema jaNAya che. karamAna te pUrNa paNe nAza pAmyo. eka be AkatiomAM rAjA nagara jarathostI dhamI' e mATe bIjuM agatyanuM sthaLa che. che ane tenA jhabhbhA para tenuM nAma che. ahIM aradezarano dugara tathA bIjonAne kalA dekhara kuMvArI pasipelisa yuddha kedIo ke gulAma pAse veTha karAvI kanyAne du-sAsaniyana samayathI zahera tarapha najara karatAM UbhAM che. I.sa. 1210no eka minAre nirIkSaNa minArA racAyuM na hatuM. 35000 mATInI takhtIo kheda sAme che. khvAjA atabaka marijada, bajhAre-zAha marijada kAmamAMthI maLI che. ane te darzAve che ke dareka kAmadArane pUrI rojI cUkavAtI hatI. pasiM polisanuM 11mI-12mI sadInI ImArato che. sthApatya paziyana lokonI mahAna kalAsUjha ane pratibhA karamAna ane jhahedana vacce raNanuM bhUtiyuMnagara bAma darzAve che. grIka zi95 te pachI AgaLa AvyuM Ave che. tyAM khajUrano pAka sAro thAya che. ane nAraMgI nakaze-rustama pasiM polisathI 4 mAIla uttare che. jevA phaLo paNa zreSTha prakAranAM thAya che. nagaranI AsapAsa tela Iloko khujhIstAna jhaDapathI pragati ane vikAsa tUTelI dazAmAM mATIno jADo kile che. saMta suphI zAha sAdhI rahyo che. tenI AbAdAna riphAInarI-tela zuddha karavAnuM nAma-telAha valInI daragAha mahanamAM AvelI che. ane kArakhAnuM-duniyAmAM sauthI moTuM che. A IlAkAmAM IrAnanI tenA suMdara minArA ane dhummaTa IrAnI kalAnI paraMparA traNa mahA nadIo dejha, karmA ane karuna medAnane sIce che. jALave che. karamananA gAlIcA paNa khUba prakhyAta che. dunidejha baMdhane have mahammada rejhazAha baMdha nAma apAyuM che. yAnA aneka saMgrahAlayamAM IrAnI kalA kArIgarInA gAlIcA A pradezamAM sumeriyana, IlAbhAITa, bebileniyana, akake jovA maLaze. halakAmAM halako sAmAnya gAlIco 30 DolaDiyana, anazana ane paziyana saMrakRtinA ItihAsanA tharo rane eTalo lagabhaga 3000 rUpiyAne hoya che. kazana ane che. sauthI purANI mATI kuMbhakalA ahIMthI maLI che. ane karamananA suMdara 142 vAranA dhAbaLA ke gAlIcAnI kiMmata te hajue ajoDa che. 1930 I.sa. pUrvenA kAyadAzAstrI pAMca AMkaDAnI eTale 10000 uparanI hoya che. AvA hamurabInAM lakhANe ahIMthI maLyAM che. lephaTasa ane du gAlIcAnuM vizvAsapAtra sthaLa teherAnamAM phiradausI evamogana jevA vidvAnoe purAtatvanI karelI ze susAmAM nyUmAM AvelI pAse kArapeTa kaMpanI che. anya sthaLoe rasa pedA kare che. susAthI 20 mAIla dura cogAgraMbila tenI zAkhAo paNa che. laMDananA vikaToriyA-AlabarTa saMgra

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smRti saMdarbha graM'tha hAlayamAM khUba ki`matI gAlIcAnA kalAtmaka namUnAo che. gAlIcAmAM parziyana ane tukI e prakAranI gAThA hoya che. sehana ajharabaijA, humadAna, kuTTI`stAnanA gAlIcAmAM tukI padhdhatinI gAMTha hAya che. khIjA' nagarAmAM IrAnI pizayana padhdhatinI gAMTho DAya che. IrAnI balucistAnanA jhahedAna ane jhola nagarI jANItAM che. IrAMnI mahAkAvya zAhanAmAmAM vaNuM vela alau kika parAkramAnuM sthAna beAlastAnanu sIstAna che. turAnI lazkarA sAme IrAnanu' rakSaNa karanArA ahInA hatA. IrAnaneA ajoDa vIra zAhanAmAnA rustama ahIM janmyA hatA ane tene ajeya IphntIkAranI AMkhamAM tIra mArI mArI nAMkha vAtuM zikSaNa sImu pakSIe ApyuM hatuM, aMgreja kavi methyu ArnolDa dvArA rustama ane tenA putra seAharAba vaccenuM yuddha jagaprasiddha banyuM che. jhahedAnathI dakSiNamAM 110 ki. mITara dUra 14000 phITa UMcA tatana ardha jAgrata javAlA sukhI che. sa athavA pa paziyana-IrAnIenA mULa vatananA trikeAnA eka khUNe che. bIjA be khUNA che ajhara khajA ane khArAsAna. madhya eziyAmAM IrAnI saMskRtinA phelAvA khArAsAnathI thayA. khIvA, mukhArA-samarakaMda je hAla seAviyeTa raziyAmAM che te pahelAM A IlAkAnA bhAgeA hatA. kalA ane vijJAnamAM khArAsAna netRtva dharAvatu. mahAkavi phIradausI ane mahAna IrAnI vaijJAnika avisinnA khArA-sAnamAM pAkaLyA hatA. navamI nadImAM hAlanu` mazeda (maza6) zahera khArAsAnanA mahAna zahera phIradausInA janma sthAna tutuM upanagara hatuM. bagadAdanA prakhyAta khalIph hArunaala razida ahI' danAvavAmAM Avye che. mAMgeAla bAdazAda zAharukhanI patnI gauharazAde 1415 mAM suMdara gauharazAda masjida khaMdhAvI che. mada (mahazada) kheArAsAnanuM pATanagara che. temAM mazeda saMgrahAlayamAM IrAnanI aneka suMdara camakatI hastapratA che. takhrIjhI sthapati dvArA 1451 mAM badhAyela masjide zAhe majhAra pradezamAM AvelI che. mAdhe-nAderImAM nAdIrazAhanI daragAha che. mazedathI tusa 30 ki. mI. u. pUrvamAM che. * aMgrejImAM anuvAda dvArA phijha jirAlDe vizva vikhyAta karela rukhAyatane kavi umara khayyAma A pradezanA nizApura- nizApuramAM janmyA hatA. " pakSIo sAthenA saMvAdo ''nI 833 jANItI kRtinA rUpaka lekhaka pharihuddIna attara 114 varSa jIvanAra (mRtyu 1229) paNa Aja nagaraneA vAsI hatA. hAla nizApura 50,000 nI vasatI dharAve che ane temAM pannAnI khANA che. phArasI-IrAnI sAhityanuM amUlya ratna che mahA kavi phIradausI tusInu` mahAkAvya 60,000 kaDIenu zAhanAmA", je lakhatAM tene 30 varSa lAgyAM ane teNe te i. sa. 1010 mAM pUrU karyuM. A pachI tenI nakaleA thavA lAgI ane asAdIe gazastranAmA lakhyuM. hamadeollAha mustAkIe 75000 kaDInuM jharanAmA lakhyuM. ema bIjA kAvyeA lakhAyAM paNa te zAhanAmAnI tulanAmAM ubhA rahI zake tema nathI. 11 mI ane 12 mI sadImAM phakharUddona gArgInIe vIsa ane zmInanuM prema kAvya (1048) racyuM. phIradausInuM yusurjhulekhAM, racAyu' ane mahAna nIjhAmInA (114-1203) zAMTika kAvyeA ( levA-majanuM.' ane 'khuzaphizirana' prakhyAta anyAM. jAmI (1414-1492) paNa jANItA kavi hatA. jalAluddIna rumI (1207-1273) tenI manavIe mATe vizvavikhyAta che. zekha sAdI kheAdhaka kAvyeA mATe jANItA che ane hAphIjha tenI Izke hakIkInImara de mATe jANItA che. Urmi kAnyAmAMnA prathama ajoDa kavi phArasI kavi ruDakI 954mAM mRtyu pAmyA. mAmA tAhIre (hamadAnanA) tenuM vadhu sAru* anusara karyuM. A uparAMta tabrIjhaneA sema (1677) IhAnanA hatik (1784) ane zirAjhane kavanI (1853) ullekhanIya kavio che. kalA kArIgIrI ane kAvyakSetre IrAnanI saskRtinA phALA aneAkhA che. bhAratanA U-sAhitya para tenA prabhAva paDelA che. sAre jahAMse acchA hiMdostAM hamArA ' nA gAyaka mahAna bhAratIya urdU kavi mahammada iMkamAla phArasInA paNa sArA kavi hatA. Ama bhArata ane IrAnanA sAMskRtika sa'kha'dhA sadIothI cAlu rahyA che. bhAratanI sarakAre IrAnanA 2500mAM sAyarasa maheAtsava prasa`ge TapAlaTikiTa pragaTa karI tenI zubhecchA irAna pratye dAkhavI hatI. bhAratamAM mAgala zAsana daramyAna rAjabhASA phArasI hatI ane bhAratanI urdU ane sidhI bhASAe phArasI lipi apanAvI che. aneka bhAratIyeAe phArasIne abhyAsa karI phArasI sAhityamAM paNa pAtAnA phALA ApyA che,

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834 Tele 451322-452433 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 WITH BEST COMPLIMENTS FROM SACHIN ENGINEERING CORPORATION SWIFTS PRIVATE LIMITED AND ALPHA ELECTRICALS MARATHE UDYAG BHAVAN Appa Saheb Marathe Road, BOMBAY-400025

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moMgoliyA - jo jApAna, aphadhAnIstAna ane brahmadezanA vistArane bhegeA karIe teTaleA vistAra madhya eziyAnA uttara bhAgamAM AvelA mAMgeAliyA prajA sattAka rAjyanA che-15 lAkha ceArasa kileAmITara uparAMta, tenI uttare sAviyeTa raziyA AveluM che. dakSiNamAM, pUrvamAM ane pazcimamAM sAmyavAdI cInanu' prajAsattAka rAjya AveluM che. tenI vasatI 12 dhAkha uparAMtanI che. raziyA ane leninanI madadathI ane preraNAthI tyAM 1921mAM saphaLa krAMti thaI ane 11tI julAI 1921 temanA vijaya dina khanyA. A 11mI julAI te temanA rASTrIya dina che. A krAMtine netA hatA sukhe khAtAra. A pahelAM mAMgeAliyA eziyAnA sauthI pachAta deza hatA. tyAM dharmaguru lAmA ane paradezI vepArI zASake rAjya karatA hatA. krAMti bAda A paristhitimAM mULabhUta pheraphArA thayA che ane Aje mAMgeAliyA prajA sattAka sArI pragati karI rahyuM che. 50 deze| sAthe tene rAjadvArI sa'kha'dhA che. 20 dezA sAthe vyApArI sakha'dhA che ane vIsa karatAM vadhuM deze sAthe sAMskRtika saMbaMbe che. 1968mAM teNe bhArata sAthe vyApArI karAra karyAM te agAu 1955mAM rAjakIya saMbadhA khAMdhyA hatA ane 1961mAM *sAMskRtika karAra karyAM hatA, mAMgAliyAnI prajAmAM 76 TakA leAkeA khakha mAMgeAle che ane temanI bhASAja rASTrabhASA che. kula mAMgeAla prajA 90 TakA che. bIjA cInAo, ziyana vagere che. rAjyanA 18 amakA (ilAkAo) che ane ulAna khAtAra tenuM pATanagara che ulAna khAtAranu mULa nAma urgo athavA ikha khurI hatu. te tAlA nadIne kinAre Avelu che. mAMgeAliyana rASTra netA sukhe khAteAranA nAma parathI pATanagaranuM navuM nAma paDyu' che. utAna khAteAramAM madhyastha skavera-cAkamAM sukhe mAtAranI gheADesvAra pratimA che agAu A zaheramAM bIjAnA bheAge jIvatA 20,000 lAmAe rahetA hatA ane traNase paradezI vepArI peDhIe prajAnuM ane rASTradhananuM khulluM zASaNa karatI hatI. hAla uttAna khAtAranI vasatI 200,000thI vadhu che. zrI. kRSNavadana jeTalI mAMgeliyAnuM prAkRtika vAtAvaraNa vividhatA bharyuM... ane danIya che. temAM kAyamI kharapha chavAyelA patA che, jagalA che, geAkhI jevA madhya eziyAnA raNa pradeza che ane meTAM sarAvarA paNa che. AkhA mAMgeliyAnA pradeza samudra sapATIthI UMce che ane tenuM mAunTa mukhairakhana zikhara samudra sapATIthI 4,362 mITara UMce che. te dakSiNamAM che, sauthI nIceA pUnA khumunnura sarovaranA bhAga 552 mITara samudra sapATIthI UMce che. atAI patamALA uttara pazcimathI dakSiNa pUrvamAM 1500 kileAmITara laMbAya che. kha'gaI ane khettaI parva tamALAo pazu uttara, pazcima ane pUrvamAM anukrame AvelI che. pUrvamAM DuMgarALa medAnA che. dakSiNanA bhAga DhaLatA medAnathI gokhI raNanA uttara sImADA sudhI paheAce che. varSamAM lagabhaga 250 jeTalA divase vAdaLAM vinAnuM svaccha AkAza darzAve che. mAMgeAliyAnI sauthI lAMbI nadI sele'gA ane delphera murena, iderIna gAla, ArakhAna tathA tene maLatI bIjI nadIe ArkaTika samudramAM lavAya che. AnAna bIjA nakharanI sauthI U'DI nadI che. kAbdI nadI sauthI moTI che ane te mAMgela atAI parvatamAMthI nIkaLe che. mAMgeAliyAmAM 3500 karatAM vadhu sarAvA che. ane dareka eka ceArasa kileAmITaranA kSetraphaLa karatAM mehu che. uttaramAM mukha sugama sarovara jANItu che ane ekala sarovara 238 miTaranI uMDAI dharAvatu madhya eziyAnuM UMDuM' sarovara che. hariyALI jagyA pAse pANI hoya tyAM ja'galI gadheDAM-kulAna, jaMgalI gheADA-takha ane jagalI UTa-vageya jovA maLe che. mAMgeAliyana prajAnuM rASTra pratIka e sonerI ghauMnA hUDA sAma sAme geAThavelA gALAkAranuM che. tenI upara pAMca aNiyALA tArA che ane te lAla tArAmAM sAnerI sAmbA" che. sAyee AjhAdI, AkhAdI, zramajIvI saMvAditA ane rASTrIya hita sUcave che. be ghauMnA phUDA vacce nIce yatracakra che. Ama mAMgeAliyana rASTra khetI ane udyoganuM rAjya che te khatAve che. yatracakra ane hUDAne lAla-bhUrA-lAla paTTAthI bAMdhavAmAM AvyAM che ane te para

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 megAliyana lokonuM prajAsattAka" ema zabdo mAMgeliyana rAjya sthapAyAM. huNa sAmrAjyanA patana bAda pAMca varSe bhASAmAM lakhyA che. A pratIkanA vacalA bhAgamAM sUrya maMgoliyAmAM turkonuM rAjya sthapAyuM. tArtAra, kiDAna ane tarapha dhasato ghoDesavAra batAvI sAmyavAda tarapha pragati uIdhara zAsana bAda bAramI-teramI sadImAM mahAna mAMgela darzAvI che. sUryanA bAra kiraNo rASTranI sadaiva AbAdInAM sAmrAjya sthapAyuM. caMdhIsakhAne (1155-1227) judI judI sUcaka che. seMgela jAtiomAM ejya ApyuM ane zaktizALI sAmrA jya sthApyuM. te vakhate meMgeliyAnuM pATanagara madhya megeliyAno rASTradhvaja pahoLAI ane laMbAImAM meMgeliyAmAM rakhAna nadIne kinAre AveluM kArAkorama 1 : 2nuM pramANa rAkhe che. temAM be bAju lAla UbhA hatuM. meMgola khAnanA mahelamAM yuropanA sthapatio ane paTA vacce AkAzI vAdaLI raMgane sarakhA mApano paTTo perIsanA senI kAma karatA. bhAratanA saMskRtanA vidvAne che. prathama lAla paTTAmAM soyebe ane te para pAMca aNi tibeTanA vidvAna ane romanA pipanA pratinidhio tyAM vALo tAro che. sombanuM pratIka AjhAdInA khayAlanuM rAja darabAramAM AvatA rahetA. 1241 mAM yuropathI prathama juga jUnuM pratIka che, ane tene artha "sarve puruSa ane AvanAra hato pAdarI jensa-dambanI. 1251 mAM phrAMsanA luI strIo, badhA loko hoziyAra ane DAhyA thAya ane mAta rAjAnA pratinidhi rUpe phrI-TubukIe meMgeliyAnI mulAkAta bhUmi nA rakSako bane" kavi narasade"nuM "mAro svadeza" meMgoliyAnuM lokapriya gIta che "suda dulAla"-rASTragItane lIdhI. A musApharoe kArAkoramanI bhavyatA vize, tyAMnA buddha maMdira, muslima majida ane khristI devaLo vize kavi pimiDa che. lakhyuM che. caMghIsakhAna ane tenA vaMzajoe meMge.liyA 1969nI vasatI gaNatarInI mAhitI mujaba papa TakA mATe pragatikAraka pagalAM lIdhAM, chatAM temanI yuddhakhora nItine loka sAkSara hatA. prAthamika ane mAdhyamika zALAo 558 kAraNe khUba vinAza sarjAyo ane hajAro mAMgolo deza hatI, 24 kaleje hatI. emAM dara hajAre ucca zikSaNa choDI gayA. meMgola sAmrAjyanuM 150 varSanA zAsana bAda pAmelA 32180 jeTalA mAdhyamika zikSaNa pAmelA ane patana thayuM. AMtarika saMgharSo cAlyA ane deza cInanA 307 prAthamika zikSaNa pAmelA hatA. 1966 thI 1970 maMcu sAmrAjyano zikAra banyo. 1861 thI 1911 sudhI daramiyAna 120 navI mAdhyamika zALAo kholavAmAM AvI. maMcuonA julama taLe mAMgeliyA gulAmI bhagavatuM thayuM. ha400 ucca zikSaNanA 60 viSayenA tAlIma pAmelA 1911 mAM lokoe kAMti karI maMcu zAsana phagAvI svAyatta mANu taiyAra karavAmAM AvyA. 12000 ne mAdhyamika zikSaNa meMgeliyana sarakAra sthApI. apAyuM ane 2200 mANase paradezamAM judA judA viSayanA 19 mI sadInA aMtamAM ane 20 mI sadInA AraMbhamAM snAtaka thayA. traNa paurUSIya ramato eyaMna gurvana nadoma meMgeliyA atyaMta pachAta deza banI gayo hato. Dhora uchera kuratI, joDesavArInI spardhA ane tIraMdAjI meMgola lokonI ekaja tene khAsa dhaMdho hato tene koI rASTrIya udyoga rASTrIya ramato che. koI paNa rASTrIya utsava A ramata na hato ane kAmadAra varga na hato. loko bhamatI ToLIvinA apUrNa che. onuM jIvana jIvatA ane temanAmAM saMpUrNa nirakSaratA meMgeliyA prAcIna etihAsika deza che. 13 mI vyApI gaI hatI. 45 TakA puruSa vasatImAM lAmA sAdhuo hatA. mAladhArI arata lokonI AjhAdInI jhaMkhanA svapna sadImAM teNe uIdhara lipi svIkArI. prathama vyavasthita rAjya zAsana I. sa. pUrve trIjI sadImAM jyAre haNa lokoe samAna lAgatI. sAmrAjya sthApyuM tyAre hatuM. huNa lokone Arthika ane raziyAmAM mahAna kAbaranI samAjavAdI kAMtie sAMskRtika saMbaMdha cIna, madhya eziyAnA dezo, IrAna ane meMgeliyana loko para prabhAva pADyo ane temane rASTrIya romana sAmrAjya sAthe hato. I. sa. pUrva prathama sadImAM AjhAdI meLavI ane sAmAjika jumamAMthI chUTakAro meLavI haNomAM uttaranA loko ane dakSiNanA lokonI jAtanA navuM jIvana jIvavA preryA. maMgoliyAnA lokonA suputro bhAgalA paDayA ane teo nabaLA paDatAM sembI, TeTA nuMjhana sukhe khAtaranA netRtva heThaLa kAMtikALI daLa sthApavAmAM Jain Education Intemational

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smRti sadabha graMtha 837 ekaThA thayA. sukhe bAtore leninanI mulAkAta paNa lIdhI. ekSaceja ane mAMgeliyana akhabAranuM chApakhAnuM sthapAyAM hatI. 1921mAM temanI kAMti saphaLa thaI ane navo yuga A zaheramAM 1921 pachI navuM cetana. navuM jIgana AvyuM navI AzAo pragaTAvato ugyo. pUrvanA pachAta dezamAM AjhAdI bAda atihAsika sabhAmAM ahIM'. sukhe bAta re AjhAda banI samAjavAdane rAha apanAvanAra maMgoliyA pravacana karyuM Aje te jagyA sukhe bAtora ceka kahevAya che. prathama deza hato. AjhAdI bAda mAMgoliyAe dezanI jhaDapI ane tyAM tenI pratimA che. 1924mAM prathama lokonI mahAna pragati mATe je haraNaphALa pAMca dAyakAomAM bharI tethI khurala (leka sabhA)maLI ane mAMgeliyA janatAnuM prajAdezanI surata palaTAI gaI che. seviyeTa raziyAnI madadathI sattAka rAjya jAhera thayuM ane nilela khurIne badale pATanavIsamI sadInA cothA dAyakAmAM ulAna bAtoramAM audyogika garanuM nAma ulAna bAra (lAlavirATa) kAMtinA pratIkarUpe kArakhAnAMo sthapAyAM ane pariNAme udyogoe 1940mAM rakhAyuM. atyAre tenA gaMdA vasavATe, nAnAgharo, mATInA rASTrIya utpAdanamAM (1) TakA phALo Apyo. A phALe khoraDAM dura thayAM che ane vizALa rastAo, suMdara bagIcAo 1968mAM 30 TakA sudhI vadhyo. 1966 -68 sudhImAM 40 aneka mALanAM makAnethI zahera Adhunika audyogIka zaheronI navA audyogika sAhase ane yojanAono AraMbha thaye kakSAmAM AvI gayuM che. ulAna bAtoramAM Aje mAMgelIyAnI 83 TakA audyogika sAdhane dezamAMja taiyAra karavAmAM AvyA jiMdagInA dhabakArA saMbhaLAya che. dezanuM sauthI moTuM audyogIka ane jUnAnuM AdhunikaraNa thayuM. hajAro mANasane tAlIma kendra ulAna bAta2 banyuM che. ane ahIM' madhyama kadanA ane ApI navA udyogo mATe taiyAra karavAmAM AvyA. pahelAM moTA maLI 60 audyogIka sAhasanAM kArakhAnAM sthapAyAM eka moTA gAmaDAM jevuM lAgatuM ulAna bAta2 pATanagara che. vijJAna, saMskRti, kalA ane buddhijIvIonuM A mahaAje vikAsa pAmI tenAM parAMo sAthe suMdara aneka mALI tvanuM zahera che. megeliyana rAjyanI vijJAna akAdamI, makAna vALuM banyuM che ane tenI parAMo sAthe vasati rAjya vidyApITha, uraca zikSaNanAM saMzodhana vagerenI Dajhana 280,000 uparAMta che. badhI saMsthAo kAma kare che. dara pAMca mANase eka vidyAthI che. 33 TakA loko zikSaNa pAmelA che. aneka thiyeTaro, darakhanI ulAna bAtorathI bIjA naMbaranuM zahera thayuM. saMskRti ghara. saMgrahAlayo, kalAmaMDaLIo ahIM vividha tyAM maitrInagaramAM" darakhana-zArigola audyogika zakitane kArakhAnAM samUha thayo ane zAriMgalanI kolasAnI khAla kAma kare che. duniyAnA mahAna nATakakArenAM nATake ahIM bhajavAya che. 350 mANase dITha eka DokaTara pATanagaramAM 1970mAM 11 lAkha Tana kolaso pedA karatI thaI. 1960 vase che. 1961mAM tene mATe 1961-1980 sudhInI vikAsa karatAM 1969mAM bamaNuM Teliphona sTezane traNagaNA reDiyo yojanA maMjUra thaI che. ane te anusAra zahera 19 vibhAsTezane thayA. 184 navI posTa ophiso thaI. "orabiTA Telivijhana mathake meMgeliyAne raziyA ane bIjA dezonA gomAM Adhunika suvidhAovALA lattAo banaze. 12 vibhAga ke latto senTrala benko biDIMga eraga nijhezane Telivijhana kAryakramo jhIlatuM banAvyuM ane teNe potAnA bAMdhyo che. ane te sauthI suMdara latto vibhAga che. dara kAryakrama mATe amAka kendra sthApyAM. khetImAM 80 TakA varSa 10,000 atithio ane yAtrIo zaheranI mulAkAta Dhora uchera dhaMdhAe rASTrIya Arthika pedAzarmA 50 TakA phALo Apyo. le che. zaherane yuvAna ke vRddha nAgarika tenA lAla virATa rUpI nAmane yathArtha karavAmAM gaurava anubhave che. moMgoliyAnAM pATanagara ulAna batAramAM 200 varSa uparAMta bedI geDana zAsako rahetA hatA. tenuM junuM 1961mAM 1500nI vasatIvALA darakhanazaherane navA nAma urgo che. ane te keTalAka maTha ane nAnA gharanuM svarUpe bAMdhavAne pAye 17mI okaTobare nakhAyA hatA. nAnuM nagara hatuM. rAjakIya rASTrIya AjhAdInI pravRttimAM te jyAM pahelAM 7000 corasa mITaramAM ekamALanAM gharano kendra sthAne rahyuM. 1951mAM maMcuM dhUsarI phagAvI devAyA vasavATa hato tyAM 14,000 corasa mITaramAM navAM makAna bAda urgAnuM navuM nAmanI skela purI pADavAmAM AvyuM. baMdhAyA che. 1970nI pahelI jAnyuArIe darakhanazaheranI tyAM prathama 20 kilovoTanuM tharmala vidyuta mathaka TelIphena vasatI 23,400nI hatI. darakhananI vArSika audyogIka peDhAza Jain Education Intemational

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838 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 10 karoDa sugrIka (eka tujhIka barAbara pA Dolara ) (eka khAtara ane darakhana sivAya moTI vasatIvALAM zahero ceAI - sugrIkanA 100 maMge pisA thAya)nI che. darakhananI simenTa balasana, jhejhaliga khabdo, jIMbaMTa ane sukhe bAra che, mIla vArSika lAkha Tana simenTa, 22000 Tana cUne ane ane temAM vadhAro thato rahe che. 270 lAkha silikAnI ITa banAve che. darakhana e AMtara madhya eziyAmAM prakRtinAM vividha svarUpe darzAvato rASTrIya matrInuM zahera gaNAya che. duniyAnAM samAjavAdI dezonA niSNAta ane Ijanero mAMgeliyana yuvako sAthe prakRtinA saMgrahAlaya samo maMgoliyA jevo deza zodha khabhekhabhA milAvI jhaDapathI zaherane vikasAvI rahyA che. muzkela che. tarSa nadInI khINamAM khagaI parvatamALAnAM darakhana jema eIbalasAna paNa bIjA naMbaranuM zahera gaNAya uttaraDhALe Avelo khArgo pradeza mAMgeliyAne sauthI vadhu citramaya pradeza che. badhI bAjue te maMgAInAM lagabhaga che. ane tyAM moTI mAMsa phekaTarI sathApelI che. khetInA 3000 mITara parvatathI gherAyela ane tenA nAnA kSetraphaLamAM kSetre paNa mAMgoliyAe mahAna siddhi prApta karI paradezathI anAjanI AyAta baMdha karI svAvalaMbana sAdhyuM che. 1957 Dajhaneka ThaMDA paDelA javALAmukhIo che. AmAM mArgonuM 68 daramiyAna khetIno vistAra sADA pAMca gaNo vadhyo jvALAmukhI dvA2 2210 mITara samudranI sapATIthI UMce che. teno vyAsa 20 mITara che ane 70-80 mITara UMDAI che. rAjyanuM jagaMlaMTa kRSikSetra tenI Adhunika paddhati mATe che. temAM bIjA kvALAmukhI jema saravara ke pANI nathI mAMgaliyAra, sarvatra prakhyAta che. 337 sahakArI khetamaMDaLI paNa temAMthI nIkaLatI garama varALa ziyALAmAM TharI jaI o che. dareka maMDaLI pAse 60,000 pazuo 3lAkha hekaTara parvata para gheTAnAM ToLAM hoya tevuM dazya UbhuM kare che. jamIna ane 18 lAkha tujhIka vArSika Avaka hoya che, ane dareka maMTaLImAM para 5 kheDUta kuTuMba hoya che. dareka kheta lAvAnA avarodhane kAraNe tarSa nadInAM pANImAM eka vakhata sarjeluM tarSa jhagana sarovara 61 kilo mITaramAM 16 kilo sahakArI maMDaLI pAse 8 Take, 16 TrakaTara ane bIjAM keTa mITaranI laMbAI ane 20 mITaranI UMDAI gharAve che. A lAMka kambAIna hoya che. 80 kaTA anAja rAjyanA 30 yAMtrika khetInA phormo pakave che. sarovaranI vacce 500 corasa mITaranI TekarI che. temAM sugaMdhI vAsamAMthI banAvelA mALAomAM paMkhI kilakilATa maMgoliyAnA janatAnA prajAsattAkano pradeza 18 kare che. khArgothI thoDe dUra Arasa pahANanA, cUnAnA suMdara maga (IlAkA)mAM vahecAyelo che. 8 nagarane nagarapAlikA parvata che. che. amaganuM vibhAjana "momAM ane "horo"mAM thayuM che. oramAna nadInAM mULa pAse jaMgalomAM garama pANInA , ' megeliyAmAM 8600 ki. mITaranA moTara cogya rastA jharA ane javALAmukhInI tirADo vacce ATha sarovaro che. che. 1962mAM meMgeliyAne seviyeTa raziyA tathA prajA DuMgare vacce vahetI jhagana-ajhaga nadInAM pANI daSTie sattAka cInane joDatI 1380 ki. mITarano relve mArga caDatAM nathI. paNa tenA vaheNano khaLakhaLa avAja karNane hato. mukhya relave TrAnsa-mAMgeliyana che. 35 TakA mata suMdara prAkRtika saMgIta arpe che. cheka uttara sarahade sAyana zika vAhana vahevAra bane che. mAMgeliyAmAM 2000 nATaya parvata mALA che. ane khUmsagula sarovaranAM nIlavaNuM pANImAM maMDaLe che, 20 meTAM chApakhAnAM, 30 akhabA ane 20 tenuM pratibiMba paDe che. moTI guphAomAM AdimAnavanAM sAmayika che. 1960mAM mAthAdITha rASTrIya Avaka 2500 prAcIna mAraka che. darakhada nadInI AjubAju 300 nAnA tarIka ( 25 Dolara) hatI. 1965mAM temAM 60 TakAne moTA sarovaronI saMdaratAthI pravAsIo e pradezane vadhAro thayo. 1963mAM cUMTAyelI (hurala) lokasabhAnA 270 megAliyAnuM vIjhalanDa kahe che. sabhyomAMthI 22 TakA audyogIka kAmadAro hatA, 33 TakA kheta sahakArI maMDaLanA pratinidhio hatA. 43 TakA zikSita khusumula kSetramAM tangIsa nadI zizageDa nadIne maLe varganuM ane 20 TakA pratinidhitva strIonuM hatuM. mAthAdITha che. tyAM vasaMtaRtu besatAM jAmelo barapha tUTe che ane vIjaLI zakitanuM utpAdana 324. ki.. kolasAnuM 208 tenA paDaghA parva temAM te mArA jevA avAje kare che. kilogrAma ane loTanuM 265 kilogrAmathI vadhu che. ulAna jAmelA baraphathI mukta banela jANe lAMbI ziyALAnI nidrAmAMthI Jain Education Intemational ucation Intermational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 839 jAgI dhase che. vangIsa nadI pAse rAjakuMvarInA dugara jevuM bhUgoLa, itihAsa vagerenA abhyAsa mATe dareka IlAkAmAM suMdara prAkRtika dazya khaDuM thAya che ulAna bAtoranI uttare saMgrahasthAna che. te badhAmAM sauthI me TuM saMgrahasthAna tolA nadIne kinAre sphaTika phaluerAITa vagere khanIjonuM moMgolIana janatAnA prajAsattAkanuM sTeTa senTrala myujhiyama dhana dharAvatA suMdara bhUmicitra (lenDaskepa) darzAvatA parvata che. tenA vividha vibhAgomAM aneka ajAyaba cIjo saMgharAI che. temAMthI keTalIkavAra 10 Tana vajananA sphaTika garUAo che. A myujhiyamano peliyonTolojika hola gebI raNamaLI AvyA che. A jagyA kudaratI myujhiyama samAna che. mAMthI maLI Avela hajAro varSa pahelAnA saMpUrNa nAza pAmelI jAtinAM prANI nAM aneka hADakAM--hADapiMjara dharAve aMgAI parvatanA pazcima DhALe AveluM ayananura che. temAM rAkSasI kadanuM gebI raNunAM Dregana kabrastAnamAM moMgoliyAnuM sauthI suMdara sarovara che. te kudaratI malyagRha maLI Avela DinaranuM hADapiMjara sArI rIte sacavAyelI samAna vividha prakAranI mAchalIothI bharapUra che. tenuM kSetra rasanI ajoDa vastu che. ItihAsanA vibhAgamAM paththara yuganA phaLa 64 corasa kilo mITaranuM che. ane UMDANa 40-50 vAsaNo, ghareNAM vagere che. 13 mI sadInA phuvArA sAthenA mITara che. A sarovarane ttaLIyethI moTI vAdaLI ITo, ghaDa kArAkorama mahelanuM moDela tathA 17 mI sadInA prakAzapUMja tara lokhaMDanI vastuo vagere maLI Avela che. tethI lokonuM samAM rAjA choTu taijhInA mahelanuM meDela che. maMtu zAsana mAnavuM che ke tyAM potAM koI moTuM AbAda nagara vasyu vizenI pradarzita vastuomAM mahAna lokanetA ayurA vize hovuM joIe. sArI mAhitI che. lokonI kAMti vize pradarzana sArI mAhitI Ape che. tenA enogrAphika vibhAgamAM vividha mAMgeliyana thagoliyAne gobIno raNa pradeza paNa aneka raNuddhI jAtinA paheraveza, gheDAnAM jIna gharanAM rAca racIlAM rajU pithI abhuta banyAkI che. temAM vahetI gebI jhaI nadI karavAmAM AvyAM che. lenina myujhiyama dvArA leninane upadeza thAkelA tapelA raNayAtrIne ThaMDu nirmaLa jaLa pAI zAMta kare che. meMgoliyAe kevo sArthaka ane vAstavika karI batAvyuM tenA vistAramAM AvelA khatana harakhana parvatamAMthI vahetA teno khyAla Ave che. mogoliyana lalita kalAnuM myujhiyama jharaNe DuMgarAmAM sAta UMDA vADakA jevA khADA karyo che. tene loko khatana hairaktanI sAta kiTalIo kahe che. jhavakhana meMgolenI kalAno khajAno darzAve che. Adhunika sAhityanA nadInI khINamAM gebI IlAkAmAM pUrva ane madhyabhAga cAra sthApaka-praNetA natsagaphejhanA jIvana ane kavanano pUro khUNiyA ke cha khUNiyA-bAsAheTa staMbhe pensI nAM baMDalo khayAla tenA nAmanuM saMgrahAlaya Ape che. Adhunika mege liyAnA jJAnano pAyo racavA ulAna bAtoranuM ItihAsajevA UbhA che. dakSiNa gobInA traNa DuMgaro gova guvane saMgrahAlaya jevAnI jarUra che. beThe gegena mahela saMgrasekhana eTale "traNa gobI suMdarIo" kahevAya che. A DuMgaromAMnI khINo yelIama ane konDosanI khINa eka hAlayamAM megeliyana lokonI leka kalAnA uttama namUnA rASTrIya upavana udyAna che. kenDora pakSIo tenI DuMgarALa che. 1898mAM chelalA moMgoliyana khAne baMdhAvela zita TekarIomAM mALAe bAMdhe che. pravAsI loko Ane gobInI RtugRhamAM ekake khIlAno upayoga nathI thayo, suMdara citro, ajAyabI kahe che. dakSiNa gebI IlAkAmAthI 1922-25 kalAtmaka bharatakAma, zipa vageremAM 17mI sadInA prakhyAta daramiyAna amerIkana senTrala eziyana ekSapiDizane ane zilapI jhanajhare banAvelI devI tArAnI pratimAM anokhuM sauMdarya darzAve che. 19-03-05mAM baMdhAvela maMdiramAM cAI. 1046thI 1949 daramiyAna meMgeliyana-soviyeta ekSapiDizane prAga-etihAsika samayanAM lAkho varSa pahelAM jhina-lAmA-maMdira saMgrahAlaya che. temAM dhArmika vidhinA aritattva dharAvatA rAkSasI kadanAM DinAsaura jevA saMpUrNa sAdhano, devadevIonI pratimAo, meharAo vagere megevinAza pAmelI jAtinA prANIonAM hADakA, hADapiMjara, dAMta liyAnI baudha saMskRtino sAre khyAla Ape che. 1921nI vagere zodhI kADhayA che. tethI te pradeza "DezananA hADa krAMtinAM pAraNAM samAna adhatana balAkamAM kAMtisaMgrahAlaya kAne" DuMgara kahevAya che. che ane moMgoliyana sthApatya ApatuM eTaeNna-jhuM-maTha-saMga hasthAna meMgeliyAnA prAcIna pATanagara kArAkorama ane meMgolIyAnI prAkRtika samRddhi sAthe sAthe saMskRti, amara baMsagalana-maTha- AzramanI jagyA para bAMdheluM che. Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 mAMgeAliyAmAM Ajeya ApaNe cAraNagaDhavI jevA khucIna-leAkakavi-gAyakAnA mAMe rAsaDAe ane pradhA sAMbhaLI zakIe chIe. sAhityanA aneka prakArAmAM maulika rASTrIya kavinA yurAla (zubhecchA) ane magnAla (bhraMzasA) nA prakArA mAjIda che. hAsyarasika kathAone! nAyaka dala'na khudalhI ane sAhasavIra leAkahitecchu khAttaratI vAtA khALakA ane meTerAMtu manaraMjana kare che. leAkagItA parathI susyAne cena ane dukhera da-laya jevA nATaya prayAgebhavAIo taiyAra thaI che. 1921nA mArca mAM krAMtinA prathama dhaDAkAnu zive kayakhana' gIta lokapriya che. 1922nA mArcanI 28 mIe nATatya vartuLe tenuM prathama nATaka bhajavyuM. phebruArI 136 1931 ne dine rAjya-kendra ragabhUmi e ' utena' (satya) nATaka bhajavI AraMbha karyo. 1943 mAM dAyakAmAM bIjA yuvAna lekhakAe sAhityakSetre praveza karyA temAM gautavanA yavukhulananA ane ghejha palamanA kAvyA taI dasa kheArTo, eradane ane mAsanI vArtAo ane vagananAM nATakA neAMdhapAtra che. 1960 daramiyAna je lekhake e sAhityakSetre praveza karcI temaNe mAnasazAstrIya ane sAmAjika tatvane mahatva ApuM ane mahAna navalakathAnA yuga zarU thayA. khaTug dardendeva lAdoIdamba naAEga, ringena judeva vagerenI navalakathAoe mAMgeAliyana prajAnA jIvana ane krAMtine AlekhI navI sAmAjika ati hAsika noMdhapAtra navalakathAo che. Tarly Dawn Transparent Tamir The Red Sun, Moun tain Stream, Troubled years 2 Blue Skies AmAM junA pavitra ane sanAtana staMbha samAna parivA kevI rIte dhAvAI ne sAk thaI gayA ane navA dezapremI, mAskAmAM krAMtikArI raMgabhUmi harIphAImAM A raMgabhUminu'sahakArI, AMtararASTrIya mUlyA sthapAyAM tenI vikAsa kathA The Reign of obscurantism nATaka bIjuM InAma meLavI gayu. rASTrIya AperA Among the Melancholy Mountains ane ' saMgha' vAravAra 'AperA ane ele thiyeTara 'mAM bhajavAya che. saMgItakArA chandI surena ane geAMcIpsulAnA saMgIta sAthe ele nRtya jovu eka lhAvA che. Flood ane Transparent Tami nI philme khUba leAkapriya che. che. navalakathAonA nAyaka paNa rAjAe ke zeThiyAo ke jamInadArA nathI paNa sAmAnya janatAnA staranA che. ' altAImAM 'navalanA nAyaka bhUstara zAstrI ayara che.' ghAsa para jhAkaLa' nA nAyaka TrekaTara DrAIvara galsana che, 'phakta eka ja'nA nAyaka khANiyA khAna che Ama mAMgegneliyana sAhitye paNa vikAsa sAdhyeA ane tenI keTalIka kRtio khIjI bhASAomAM anuvAda pAmI. mahAna lekhikA sAnAmina udavalanI suvarNa jayaMti ujavAi, mAMgeAliyAnA kustIkhAjo mekSikAnI olimpika ramatAmAM caMdraka jItI AvyA hatA. zikAra karavAmAM paNa mAMgeAliyanA khUba rasa le che. ane pAvaradhA che. varSe 3000 mAskAnA zikAra karanArA vikhyAta zikArIe ahIM vase che. yugeAslAviyAmAM 1967mAM zikArAnu pradarzana bharavAmAM AvyuM tyAre mAMgAliyA 92 suvarNa caMdraka jItI gayuM hatuM. A pradarzanamAM geAkhI alpAInA alInA 165 senTimITara lAMbA ane senTi mITaranI jADAInA ziMgaDA rajU karavAmAM AvyAM hatAM. meAMgAliyAnA judA judA prakAranA prANIonAM cAmaDAM ane rUchAMnI AMtararASTrIya harAjImAM sArI ki`mata upaje che. zikArI maMDaLanA 30000sabhyA vaSaeN 20thI30 lAkha prANIonA zikAra kare che. mAMgeliyAmAM 21 jAtanAM zikAra cAgya pazue che. 12 jAtanAM kharIvALAM sastana pazue che. ane 70 jAtanI mAchalIe ane aneka jAtanAM paMkhIo maLI Ave che. jhUcana pravAsI sevAmaDaLa AmAM khUba madadarUpa banyu che. citrakAra alana mAMgeAliyAmAM 840 janatAnI lAgaNIAne, aramAnAne, vedanAone jamAna ApanArA Adhunika megeAliyana krAMtikArI sAhityakAzamAM pAyAnuM kAma karanArA che. D. Natsagdorish naTsaga do S. Buyanmemekh ayanemekha ane T. Damdisuren dandrI surena. AmAM naTsaga do janatAne kavi che. ane teNe 1930 thI kAmyA ane vArtAo pragaTa karavA mAMDayA. tenI maulikatA leAkeAnI lAgaNInA pratyAghAta pADatI hatI. dambadA yadamasurena, jhevegniDa ane sedanAzva nI vArtAo adhUrAnA nATake ane sara-danI kavitA mAMgeliyana sAhityanA mATA prasa MgeA anyA. vIsamI sadInA pAMcamA dAyakAmAM mAMgeAliyana sAhitya kalAmAM ane vicArAmAM pukhta banyuM ane aneka navA sAhityakArA tenA vikAsamAM joDAI ne phALA ApavA lAgyA. sauthI jUnA lekhaka ane patrakAra navAnama'jhIle tenI mahAna AtmakathA An old Scribe's Story pragaTa karI. temAM 19mI saDhInA aMta ane vIsamI sadInA madhyakALa sudhInu mAMgeAliyana jIvana pratiSi`bita thAya che. chaThThA Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 841 ulAnakhAtaramAM prakhyAta che. mAMgeliyAmAM kahevata che ke jene tyAM atithio vAraMvAra Ave te sukhI mANasa che ane jene ghera atithionA ghaDA baMdhAya te AnaMda zubhecchA pAThave che. nivAsa che. atithione cahA sAthe DerI pedAzagaMgana Ide" (zcata khorAka) apAya che. te dUdha malAIdahI sukavela panIra | mAMDavI sevA sahakArI maMDaLI lI. arula khuruda dabAvela panIra, ghoDInA dUdhanuM kumisa vagere mu: mAMDavI (gArIyAdhAra tAluko ) apAya che. dUdha moTA rUperI vADakAmAM ApavAmAM Ave che. mahemAna mATenA mAna ane Atithya darzAvavA yajamAna | sthApanA tArIkha 27-6-59 nedhaNI naMbara 2017 zera bhaMDe La 57200 sabhya saMkhyA 166 jamaNA hAthanA kAMDAne ke koNIne DAbA hAthathI Teke daI thALIo pIrase che. loko ekabIjAne maLatAM sAmasAmI nAmata phaDa bIDI ke chIkaNI ghare che ane baMne hAtha laMbAvI svAgata habIbabhAI prAgajIbhAI haribhAI kare che. atyaMta ochI vasatIvALA A eziyAne vizALa ma strI pramukha deza saikAo jUnI ja charo phagAvI daI AjhAdImAMthI A vya. ka. sabhyo-dharamazI mAI dayALabhAI bAdI tarapha jhaDapathI kadama mAMDI rahyo che ane teNe para javerabha I nArabhAI varSamAM sAdhelI pragati kharekhara Azcarya janaka che. vaMdana ho trIkamabha I vakratAbhAI tenA mahAna netA sukhA-khAtarane. vAlAbhAI mohanabhAI velajIbha I rAmajIbhAi bhImAbha I monAbha I. 5700 WITH BEST COMPLIMENTS FROM MARK ENGINEERING WORKS VORKS Mauufactures of All Types of Precisions Import Substitudes-Defene Contractors TODI ESTATE, 2ND FLOOR Sunnil Road-Lower Parel BOMBAY-13 Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 pavitra girirAjanA darzane padhAro tyAre zAstrokta paddhatithI banAvela cokakhA, ghArmika deSarahita ThaMDA zuddha gulakaMda mATe Agraha rAkhazo. zAradA vi ghA la ya bhairavaparA pulanI sAme-pAlItANA pAlItANAmAM sane 1969nA jUnanI 1 lI tArIkhe zrI zAradA vidyAlaya prAthamika zALAnI sthApanA karI, prAthamika kSetre kAMIka karI chUTavAnI bhAvanAthI A zALA zarU karI. Aja zALAmAM sAtase bALako dhoraNa 1 thI 7 sudhI abhyAsa kare che. skUlamAM vAhana tarIke basanI sagavaDa che. bALakone gherathI laI javA lAvavAnuM kArya kare che. tauparAMta zaikSaNika pravAsa vagere jAya che. zALAmAM zikSakagaNano sTApha 16 no che. A zALAe pAlItANAmAM zikSaNakSetre AgavI bhAta pADI che. zikSaNamAM A zALA bIjI zALAone mArgadarzakarUpa banI che. pariNAme zikSaNa jAgRti sAMpaDI che. kALubhA godhANI AcArya zAradA vidyAlaya-pAlItANuM prApti sthAna : salota meDIkala holazALA pATha zALAone mAtra rUpa banI che. nAnI zAkamArakITanA khAMcAmAM pAlItANu-(saurASTra) TUMka samayamAM bahAra paDanAro anokho, ajoDa ane bhavya citrasaMpuTa [Alabama] bhagavAna zrI mahAvIradevanA 27 pUrvabhava ane avana-janma kalyANakathI laIne nirvANa kalyANuDa vagere prasaMga sudhInAM 35 citranuM adabhuta, benamUna ane bhavya citrasaMpuTa TUMka samayamAM ja bahAra paDanAra che. A citro jANItA siddhahasta citrakAra zrI gokulabhAI kApaDIyAe banAvyAM che. A citronA preraka ane mArgadarzaka tathA bahAra paDanArA citrasaMpuTa (Alabama)nA saMpAdaka paramapUjaya muni zrI yazovijayajI mahArAja che. A citro evAM zreSTha koTinAM che ke jene pablIza karavA mATenI mAMgaNI yUropa, amerikA vagerenA 80 dezoe karI hatI. are ! khuda yuneskonI saMsthAe AgrahabharI mAgaNI karI hatI. kadI na joyAM hoya tevA-saMkhyAbaMdha penala-paTTIo ane jAtajAtanAM sIjhelika pratIkethI suzobhita, rUpa raMga ane rekhAnA adabhuta mizraNathI AMkhe UDIne vaLage tevAM citrovALAM saMpuTanA prakAzananI tArIkhanI rAha jue. A citra buka rUpe ane chUTaka baMne rIte eprila 1974mAM prasiddha thaze. -jena citrakalA nidarzana Jain Education Intemational

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pacaraMgI prajA ane saMskRtine pradeza philIpAinsa ===AchA === ===(r)haEchuM = == =7 - 7 7279 ra9-7 49=== zrI kRSNavadana jeTalI philipAInsa TApuo para prakRtidevInI anaMta kRpA paranta tenI vicitratA e che ke te duniyAnuM sauthI nIce UtarI che. kudarate A TApuone suMdaratA sAthe samRddhi vAlAmukhI che ane javAlAmukhImAM javAlAmukhI jevI tenI ApI che. AtmanirbharatA tyAMnA rahevAsIo mATe vikalpa racanA che. tenI Toca tAla sarovara paranI pANInI sapATI nathI. paNa temanA nasIbamAM nirmAI che. philipAInsa TApu- jeTalI che. 35 TakA jamInamAM khetI thAya che. bhUminA ono samUha 7100 TApuono gaNAya che. paNa a mAM kevaLa 50 TakA jaMgalo che. ra733 TApuone nAma apAyAM che. ane 466 TApuo bhAgye uttara lujhenamAM kayAna narI 354 kilomITara lAMbI eka corasa mAIlathI vadhu vistAranA che. keTalAMka TApuo te dariyAnI bharatI sAthe dariyAmAM adazya thAya che ane oTa che. madhya sujhenamAM ano ane paMpAMge nadIo AvelI che. agusAna ane riyogrAde mindItAomAM AvelI che. Ave tyAre bahAra DokiyuM kare che. A badhA TApuomAM 11 moTA TApuo ja philipAInsanI bhUminA 96 TakAnuM kSetra A pradezamAM phakta be Rtuo che. sUkI Rtu unALA ane phaLa dharAve che. philipAInsa TApuonI bhUminuM samaya kSetra varSARtu. junathI navembara varSARtu hoya che. navembarathI phaLa 15,600 corasa mAIla che. eziyAnA dakSiNanA mArca mahinAno samaya sauthI sArI Rtuno samaya che. samudra kinArAthI A TApuo 6000 mAIla dUra che. A 10000 jeTalA phUla choDa ane pharnanI jAta A pradezamAM thAya che ane 2000 jeTalI vRkSonI jAta che. vividha TApuono samUha uttarathI dakSiNa 1911 kilomITara sudhI prANIo A pradezamAM thAya che. temAM vAMdarAne khAtuM garuDa vistarelo che ane jaMgalI bheMsa tamArAM che. 2000 jAtanA dariyAI che - philipAInsa TApuomAM sauthI moTo lujhena dvIpa che. tyAMnA samudramAM che. aneka khanIjo, senuM, komAITa, loDhuM, tene vistAra 40814 corasa mAIla (105708 cerasa kirlomITara che.) minhAnAo 36906 corasa mAIlano nikala, trAMbu jevI dhAtuo temaja aphATa, eesTosa, Arasa, jisama vagere binadhAta khanIjo paNa tyAM sArA vistAra dharAve che. bIjA moTA TApuo samara, nigresa pramANamAM che. nikala ane koma dhAtuo duniyAmAM sauthI palavana, minTora, leTe, sebu, behela ane madhaTe che. moTA pramANamAM ahIM pedA thAya che. philipAInsamAM sauthI dUra dakSiNamAM TavI-TavI TApu samUha Avela che. te eziyAkhaMDanuM sauthI vadhu trAMbu piDhA thAya che. borniyothI 25 kilomITara dUra che ane sauthI dUra uttaramAM baTAnesa TApusamUha tevAnathI 100 kilomITara dUra che. philipAisanI vamatI 3 karoDa, 74 lAkhanI che. rijhala philipAInsa parvatIya pradeza che. minhAnAMomAM Avela prAnta sauthI gIca vasatIvALe che. nesa pazcimi ane mAunTa apa 9600 phITa UMco parvata che. lujhonamAM mAunTa senuM tenA pachInA kramamAM che. manilAnI vasatI 16 lAkhanI khulaga 8480 phITanI UMcAI dharAve che. philipAInsanA che. 86 jAtanI judI judI bhASAo ane belIo philipradezamAM aneka javAlAmukhI parvata che. temAM lujhonamAMno pAIsa TApuomAM belAya che. 1 karoDa ane 50 lAkha loke mAunTa mecona sauthI vadhu prakhyAta che. te saMpUrNa zaMku philipinenI tagalaga bhASA bole che. 1 karoDa ane 30 AkArane che. tAla javAlAmukhI paNa jhonamAM ja che. lAkha loke aMgrejI samajI zake che. philipAInsanA rAjya Jain Education Intenational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 baMdhAraNe dhArmika svataMtratA ApI che. 82 TakA loko romana dvArA islAma dharma prathama minhAtAe TApamAM praveza kethalika khristI dharmanA che. 10 TakA proTesTaMTa khristIe karyo ane tyAM te phelAye. che. ane 6.7 TakA muslimo che. 4thI julAI 1946ne dine philipAInsa prajAsattAkanI sthApanA thaI ane tagaloga" phaDInAnDa megelena sAhasika porTugijha dariyAlAla tenI rASTrabhASA banI. saMpa ITA ( caMpa?) philipAI. lera pAse AvelA nirjana TApu hemonahAna para mAnI sanuM rASTrIya phUla . 16mIe 1521mAM AvI pahoMcyo tyAre te spenanA rAjAne sevaka hato. te pachI spenanA loko A philipAInsanA keTalAka ItihAsakAre phAlipAIsa deza phInAlDa TApuo para AvavA lAgyA ane 350 varSa sudhI temaNe megelene jyAre mArca 11,155 mAM zo tyAre sta. deza para temanuM varcasva sthApyuM. 1571mAM legAjhapIe tamAM Avyo evuM vidhAna kare che te e che. aDhI lAkha manilAne philipAInsanuM pATanagara banAvyuM. 1611mAM varSa upara prAgaitihAsika jAtio philipAInsamAM hatI khristI pAdarIoe sAte temanI vidyApITha sthApI. I.sa. ane te eziyA khaMDa sAthe joDAyela pradeza hatA tevI 1896nA ogasTanI 29mIe svadeza premI netA mArselo sAbitI o purAtatyatA Ape che. eTalAka DhI'gaNA Delapilara, gAsiM" Ane lepejha janA, jese rijhala ane leke A pradezanI AdivAsI jAta che. temanA vaMzajo hAla juAna latAnI preraNAthI svataMtratAnuM AMdolana senApati thoDAka hajAra che ane teo naciTa tarIke oLakhAya che. e beniphesiyonA netRtva nIce ketiputAna lazkara ane phaDInAnDa megena-philipAinsanA po Tumi zodhakanuM makAna penanI le ko vacce yuddhamAM pariNamyuM. manilAnI bhAgoLe TApu para lApu lApu nAmanA philipino saradAre khana karyuM A yuddha khelAyuM. svataMtratAnA preraka kavi vidvAna jese hatuM. ane tenuM smAraka te TApu para che. I.sa pUrve 200thI rijhalane ekAeka 30mI Disembara 1896 ne divase phAMsI I.sa. 1500 sudhImAM malaya loko A pradezamAM sArA apAI ane A prasaMge svataMtratA premIone vadhu ju pramANamAM AvyA, dAtu'nA netRtva nIce, baraMgeya' samUha caDAvyuM. philipAInsanI rASTrIyatAne pAdarI jese burgosa A dezanuM sAmAjika ane rAjakIya ekama hatuM. lujhena teno paNa speniza lekee phebruArI 17mI 1872ne dine TApu para purANa kALamAM parvata bAju bAMghelI DAMgara- vadha karyo. hato. amerikA ane spena vacce kayubAnA prazna agAzIo pagathiyAM jevAM caDatAM UtaratAM khetaro IgAo aMge jhaghaDo hato AthI 24mI eprila 1898ne dine lokonI prAcIna khetI kalAno addabhuta namUno che. 13mI hoMgakoMgamAMthI amerikana naukA senApati jyorja DayuIse sadImAM A deza AjubAjunA dezo cIna jApAna baniyo manilA tarapha AkramaNa karI speniza naukAdaLane harAvyuM. thAIlenDa vagere sAthe vepAra karI samRddha pAmyo hato. A dezanA lAke sAhasika dariyA kheDUo hatA. spenanA zAsanathI trAselA philIpAIna vAsIo ama rikana vijyathI khuza thayA paNa teo navI dhuMsarI taLe philIpAInsa para bhAratIya saMskRtine prabhAva sumA- AvavA IchatA na hatA. philIpAInsanA netA aguInADo trAthI zrI vijaya sAmrAjaya (sane 800-1377) dvArA e amerikA sAthe vATAghATo karI potAnA pramukhapadra nIce ane jAvAnA majahita sAmrAjaya (1293-1478) dvArA 12mI jUna 1896ne dine philIpAInsanA prathama prajAsattA. AvyuM. bhAratIya saMskRta bhASAnA zabdo ane bhAratIya kanI jAherAta karI. AthI 10mI jUna philIpAIsano rASTra kalAkArIgarInI bhate nuM anukaraNa thavA lAgyuM. 8mI sadImAM dina gaNAya che ane daravarSe ujavAya che. amerikana e perIvepAra mATe cInAo AvIne A dezamAM sthAyI banavA sanI saMdhithI philIpAInsa khAlasA karyuM ane drohI dvArA lAgyA. temano prabhAva vyApArI paddhati para, ojAro ane aguIvADonI dharapakaDa thaI. amerikana rAjya baMdhAraNanuM vAsaNa tathA rAMdhaNuM kalA para paDe. jApAnI lokoe phili. anukaraNa karI amerikAnI maMjUrI dvArA 15mI navembara pAsanA lokone jJAnika rIte taka ane matsya ucheranI 1935ne dine svAyatta philIpAInsa komanavelathanI sthApanA kalA zIkhavI. 15mI sadIthI sumAtrA, malAkakA ane bAni thaI. menyusa laI kivajhana ane saji samenA traNa Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 845 dAyakA sudhI rASTrIya pakSanA vaDAo ane pramukha tathA jahAjo bAMdhe che. je vahevAranuM kendra manilA che. uttaranI upa pramukha rahyA. ane dakSiNanI relave 1028 ki mITaranI che. traNa vimAnI savise philipAInsamAM kAma kare che. 1318 tAra ophisa 8 mI Disembara 1941 ne dine jApAnI yuddha phATI saMcAlana nagarapAlikAo kare che ane 300nuM saMcAlana nIkaLyuM. jApAnIoe batAna dvIpaka9pa ane korajIDoTa khAnagI kaMpanIo kare che. TApu para AkramaNa karyuM. pAMca mahinA sudhI philIpAInasanuM aNaghaDa lazkara amerikano sAthe rahI jhajhayuM paNa 1942nA philiMpAInsamAM 95 TakA sarakArI prAthathika zALAo AraMbhamAM jApAnanI jIta thaI. jApAna sAme philIpAInsa che. 33 vizva vidyAlayomAMnAM 27 khAnagI mAlikInAM che. loko jhajhumatA rahyA ane 20 mI okaToba2 1946ne dine 400 kaeNlejomAMnI ghaNI khAnagI mAlikInI che. 1967-68mAM amerikana lazkare dezane kabaje lIdhe. A prasaMgane philI- rapara khAnagI zALAomAM 1,666,418 vidyAthI e abhyAsa pAIsa lokoe AvakAryo; chatAM teo svataMtratA mATe karatA hatA. 1820mAM Demiyana Demie prathama kalAjhajhUmatA rahyA. ane 4 thI julAI 1946 ne dine samagra zALA sthApI. 19mI sadImAM meriAna mADInane citrakalAmAM eziyAmAM paradezI zAsanathI svataMtra bananAra philIpAInsa suvarNa caMdraka meLavyA ane 1884mAM ju AnalunAne mADIDamAM prathama saMsthAna hatuM. 4 julAI philIpAInsano svAtaMtrya kalA saMpardhAmAM prathama pAritoSika maLyuM. philipAInsa vizvadina che. hAla kaDImAnDa mArkasa 1969 mAM cUMTAI AvI vidyAlaya ane sAta Tomasa vizvavidyAlaya lalitakalAne sAru philIpAInsanuM pramukhapada saMbhALe che. 21 mI sapTembara protsAhana Ape che. manilAmAM rASTrIya saMgrahasthAna, ujha 1972 thI pramukha mArkose lazkarI zAsana jAhera karyuM che. gelerI ane selikarIdAda gelerImAM philipAIsanI kalA 72 TakA philIpAIna loko sAkSara che ane 21 varSa uparanA kArIgarAnA uttama namUnAo joI zakAya che. philipAIsanI sAkSara-bhaNelAne ja matAdhikAra che. philIpAIsa deza 68 kalA para bhAratIya, cInI, speniza ane amerikana asaro che. prAMta-IlAkAmAM vahecAyelo che. vasiga nadI para malAkAtaMga mahela pramukhanuM nivAsa sthAna che. prathama prajAsattAkanA pramukha philIpAInsamAM Adhunika nAyakalAmAM yuropiyana janarala emiliyo aguInADonuM nivAsa sthAna kavita prAMtanA ane amerikana nATakonuM anukaraNa che. jharajhuelA-rAjakIya kavitAmAM che. AjhAdI bAda philIpAIna arthataMtramAM pheraphAra ane sAmAjika kaTAkSa nATikA morI-mero ane tenA kula thayo che. khetI sAthe audyogika taMtra tarapha jhoka apAya che Cenacao temanI prAdezika nATayakalA che. 1593mAM prathama ane keTalIka banAvelI vastuonI nikAsa paNa thAya che. pustaka dhArmika siddhAMta Doctvina christina chapAyuM." paisA" philIpAInsanuM nANuM che. philIpAInasa kavivara tarIke khyAta banela phAsisko balagAse padyamaya romAMsa Florante at Laura lakhI nAmanA 70 TakA loko gAmaDAomAM vase che. 1968mAM 8, meLavI. mahAna dezapremI, rASTravIra, zAhI Do. jese rijhale pa76,600 hekaTara jamIna kheDANamAM hatI temAMthI 71 TakA paNa Noli Me TangerNa tathA E' Filidusterismo nI khorAkI pAka mATe hatI ane bIjI vepArI pAka mATe. kRtio dvArA nAmanA meLavI che. ane temanI A kRttio cokhA mukhya khorAkI pAka che. te pachI makAI, nArIeLa philIpAInsanI AjhAdInI krAMti mATe preraka hatI. ane tenI pedAza, khAMDa ane manilA zaNu abAkA-daza mukhya nikAzanI cIjomAM be tRtiyAMza bhAga dharAve che. ronDolA-taMtuvAva philIpAInsanuM lAkSaNika vAjiMtra imAratI lAkaDuM pedA karanAra agagaNaya dezamAM philIpAInsa che. 19 mI sadImAM mAsele Donee pazcimI saMgItamAM paNa che. jamInanA karamA bhAgamAM jaMgalo che. nAmanA meLavI ane jose eraTelAe saMgIta nATako tathA nATayagIto racI nAmanA meLavI. e TrelA A phonanuM tuliga philipAInsa 81 rASTrIya baMdaro dharAve che. temAMnA (pANI) nATaka paNa khyAti pAmeluM che. banAsu Ana 19 paradezI vahANavaTA mATe khullAM che. 392 nAnAM sthAnika nRtyamAM nRtyAMganA mAthe ane be hAthamAM madirA pyAlIkurajAo che. sarakArI jahAjavADA nAsko 3000 jI. AsTInA onI samatulA rAkhI natya kare che. 'magI labaTika" nRtya Jain Education Intemational numeration for private & Personal Use Only

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846 karanArA puruSo chAtIpara, pIThapara, jAMghapara, pAchaLa kamara nIce ane hAthapara nArIyeLanI kAcalIe bAMdhI eka bIjA sAthe kAcalIo athaDAvI tAlabaddha nRtya kare che. dha elisa raeNcesa DAMsa 'panIe philIpAIna nRtya ane elemAM suMdaratA ane praNa pUryA che. philIpAina ejayukezanala thiyeTara esosiezana-zaikSaNika raMgamaDaLa-dezI ane paradezI nATako bhajave che. nika nA!kInanuM "lAravAna" jANItuM nATaka che. 'kulI...gataMga ghaTAtaraga tathA vAMsamAMthI anAvela vAjInA madhura sUro sAMbhaLanAranA kAnamAM guMjayA kare che. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 samayamAM philIpAInsanu dana ke jhAMkhI karavI hoya tA te mATe pramukhazrI mArkAsanA patnI zrImatI I meDAe vikasAvela sAMskRtika kendra " na cAMga philipInA ''nI mulAkAta Avazyaka che. ahI dararoja meLe bharAya che ane saptAhane ate leAkanRtya, AdivAsI utsaveA vagere cAjAya che. A sthaLa jANe philipInA rivAjo, pAzAkeA, kalA vagerenuM S}owe+se dana madira che. aMga nayoMga philippInA 66 hekaTAranA bagIceA che. ane temAM dezanA cha mahatvanA pradezAnuM pratinidhitva jovA maLe che. tenA dareka kSetramAM judAM juDhAM prakAranAM sthApatyeA che. ane dezI hastaudyoganI vastuo ane grAmadyAganI kalAkArIgIrI jovA maLe che, jApAna mAphaka philipAinsa paNa kalcarDa meAtI pedA kare che. ane akhAkAnA rekhAemAMthI vividha suMdara vastue-pa, heTa, sapATa vagere banAve che. jaya-alaitIramata tathA sImAnI pagathI daDA dvArA ramAtI beDaminTana jevI ramata tathA kUkaDAnI laDAI sAThamArI philIpAinsanI ramatA che. speniza lekA phalIpAInsamAM AvyA te pahelAM iMkugA ane marato lAko vasavATa mATe bahuyakubA athavA niSA haTa-jhU MpaDuM bAMdhatA hatA te laMbacArasa ane UMcA chAparAvALuM rAkhatA, temAM simenTa jeve caNataramAM sthAyI padArtha vaparAtA nahi. I.sa. 1500mAM speniza leAkeAe caNataravALAM ghara bAMdhavAnuM kAma philIpAInsamAM dAkhala karyuM.... cAle! tyAre ApaNe pasaya zahera pAse AvelA manilAnA AMtararASTrIya vimAnI mathake UtarIe. TurisTa risepsanIsTa-yAtrALune satkAra karanAra-ApaNane ApaNI manilA hilTana hATalamAM laI jaze. A sauthI mATI hoTala 22 mALAnI che ane temAM 430 vAtAnukulina-erakanDIzanDa khaDo che. taravAnA heAja che. yunAITeDa nezansa evanyumAM te AvelI che. ApaNe nilAmAM durgaM rakSita zahera Intramurs IndrAcyurAsamAM jUnA "petanA avazeSadevaLeA ane brahmacAraNIonA maheAnA avazeSo tathA sAna aNustInanu sauthI jUnuM paththaranu devaLa tathA manilA ketheDrala ane sAMtiAgeAne atihAsika durga eizuM. A jUnuM manilA nagara joI ApaNe pavitra nadI ALaMgI philIpAInsanA pramukhane malAkAnAMga mahela jevA jaIzuM'. sauthI jUnI vidyApIThuM sAMtA TomasanuM suMdara makAna joi TAphTa evanyumAM thaI. ApaNe rijhala pAnA suMdara phUlajhADa vacce thAka utArIzu. pachI rAkSAsa khulavAra jaI ApaNe nilA AkhAte paheAMcIzu. yuddha samayanI jIpakArAne navA kalevara ApI, raMgIna banAvI suMdara "jipanI " mAM leAkeA pravAsa kare che. thADA ahInA tanAleAga ane madhya lujhAna pradezanA thAMbhalAo para banAvelAM gharomAM niSAtANA-pAna ane nadInA paththarane upayAga thAya che. AvAM gharone jarUra paDe tyAre mANasA ekabIjanI madadathI AkhA ne AkhA UMcakIne bIje sthaLe pheravI zake che. vAMsamAMthI paNa kalAkArIgarI nI vastue banAvelI ahIM jovA maLe che. dara ravivAre ahIM prAdezika utsava, nRtya vagere thAya che. parvatIya prAMtanA pradezamAM ApaNe anAunI DAMgaraagAzIe UMce pagathiyAM jema caDatAM utaratAM DAMgaranA khetA joIe chIe. ahInAjhuMpaDA kharekhara tyAMnA pradezamAMthI lAvI geAThavavAmAM AvyAM che ane temAM IMphu jAtinA strI-puruSA rahe che ane purANI vasra vaNavAnI zALA para tathA purANA ejArAthI kASTa kotaravAnI kalA vize kAma karatA hoya che. pAka laNaNInA samaye DaoN. viliyama evara iphugAe dha zAstrIone kaNa vidhi karavA kheAlAve che. ane devA mATe mahAkALyeAnA pATha sAthe maraghInA baccAMnA alidAna vidhi thAya che, IlAkAsa pradezamAM eka bhavya speniza havelI racavAmAM AvI che. tenA mukhya bhAga vimAnamAMthI I leAkrosa suranI iTe iMTa khaseDI geAThavavAmAM Avye che. ahInA pradeza eka navA yuganA khyAla Ape che ane temAM philIpAIna zailInu

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha rAcaracIluM, phanIcara, dIvAo, baraNI, kuMjAe vagere banAvI manilAmAM "nayAMga philipino" sAMskRtika kendra mUkavAmAM AvyAM che. joyA bAda kayA pradezamAM vadhu jevA javuM teno nirNaya samaya ane sagavaDa para AdhAra rAkhe che. manilA zahera bikola pradezanuM pratinidhitva pUrNa zaMku AkAranA ghoDI tame tayatayanI lAkSaNika grAma pradezamAM jAya tyAre javAlAmukhI parvata menanI nAnI nakalathI thayuM che. A tyAM paraNakamAM "salA " tarApa mAchImAro vApare che te pradezanA lokonA nIcAM beThA ghATanAM gharomAM abAkA nA raMga, joI zakAya che ane pihAsamAM 1821mAM banAveluM vAMsanuM radRnanI sAdaDIo, TopalIo, vAMsakAmanI kalAkArIgIrI vAjiMtra jovA jevuM che. ahIM gAmaDAMonAM gharo thAMbhaane Wicker pharnicara jovA maLe che. lAnA TekA para bAMdhelAM hoya che. tagatayanI TekarI 2 50 visyAsa pradezanA kSetramAM praveza karatAM ApaNe be mAga phITa UMcI che. ane tyAMthI tAla sare.vara ane teno javAsta bhUmi cihnonI nakalonA namUnA joIe chIe. lA mukhI bhavya dahana pUruM pADe che. pagasaMjananI lazunA prAMtanI yAtrAmAM dezI hoDIomAM 300 phITa UMcI TekarI1521mAM A pradezanA yuropIya zodhaka megelane sthApela sebuna kesa ane bAholamAMno cokaleTa DuMga2 pratikRti rUpe vALA pa2 kinArA tADavRkSenI vacce musApharI karavI e anerI ja che. vacce vacce ApaNe nAnA nAnA dhaMdha paDatA ahIM mukAyA che. A pradezanI banAvaTamAM zaMkha chIpalAMnI kalAkRtio, sAdaDIo, dezI helena ane jumI kApaDa sebunI joIe chIe tyAre prAkRtika sauMdaryanI bedamAM ApaNe zaherI dhamAlathI dUra zAMti ane AnaMda anubhavIe chIe. banAvelI suMdara gITAro vagere joIe chIe. vahANa dvArA Dore jiDora TApunI yAtrA dvArA ApaNe minhAnA pradeza pANI para thAbhalAthI UbhAM karelAM bIjA vizvayuddha vakhate janarala meka Arthare vAparela maliTI gharo ane sulatAnanA bAdazAhI nivAsa tathA masjidanI banela tathA lazkarI barAkAnA avazeSA ane beTarI hana paranA racanAo darzAve che. IphUgAo vaca mAMthI baTavA, thelIo dezanI sauthI nizAna tAkatI te joIe chI e. pesiphika mAthe vIMTavAnA paTAe ane dezI caNiyA-pIsa vagere vora memoriyala paNa jovA jevuM che. baguIe zahera dariyAnA banAvavAmAM Ave che. maNakAnA hAra midAnAonA paTA- sapATIthI 5000 phITa U zuM che ane te unALAmAM dezanuM sopArInI peTIo, bhAlAo-DhAla tathA dakSiNanA musli- pAInavRkSa chavAyuM pATanagara jaNAya che. bagaI e derA bejArI manI rasadAyaka vastuo ahI "pAnAmina" saMgrahasthAnamAM ane tyAM Igerena gAmanuM kASTa keta2kAma ApaNane joI zakAya che. navInatA batAve che. bA aMgano dariyA kinAro samudranA sahelAA nAMga philIpInomAM pratinidhitva pAelA judA thIo mATe AkarSaNa rUpa che. judA pradezo joI tame thAkayA che ane bhUkhyA thayA che - manilAthI vimAna mAraphata ApaNe legAjhapi zaheramAM te cAlo ApaNe tyAM AvelA upahAragRhamAM jaInAsto, bhavya meyona 7944 phITa U e javAlAmukhI jevA jaI khANI pINI karIe, binazAkAhArIne philIpIna lena zakIe chIe. mastaka vinAnuM mAraka tathA daragA devaLa, ane "aDabo" nI vAnagIo ArogavAnuM gamaze. nArI abAkA udyoganuM kArakhAnuM 188 mAM mena javAlA mukhI ceLanA hRdha ane khamaNumAMthI banAvelI vAnagIo paNa e bharakhelA kasavA nagaranA avaze, TivinA garama ahIM masAledAra saMvAda Ape che. pANInA jharaNuM, nAMglA ghAMghanA UkaLatA kAdava sarovara ahIMnAM jovA lAyaka sthaLa che. atre pradezamAM hopa hopa khAsa prasaMgoe utsavo ane nATakano kAryakrama paNa na guphAomAM pavana laharInI sanAtana surAvalI sAMbhaLavAne ahIM jAya che. suMdarIonuM saraghasa "pabiTina" spardhA AnaMda maLe che. kalayu kenA dariyA kane AmAM UMcA vAsa para rAkhelI mIThAIo-vAnagIo mATe -vAnagIo mATe darzana ApaNA manane AnaMda vibhora kare che. mena hoTalamAM , kUdAkUda karatA loko jovAmAM Ave che. aniMsa banAvaTI peniza khANuM khAvuM haze te maLaze. nArIyeLanA dUdhanI. talavAra yuddha tathA sIpAnI ramata jovAnI majhA Ave che. tIkhI vAnagIo tathA "pinAkITa' nI svAda paNa mANa! Jain Education Intemational n Education Intemational

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exe jevAche " vilinaTa kenDI " ne svAda paNa yAda rahI jAya tevA hoya che. takalekhana zaheranu sauMdaya eI pAlAne lAla dariyA kinArA joI tame janarla maika AranA lazkare bIjA vizva yuddha vakhate utarANa karyu hatu te sthaLa joI zakaze. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-ra deArA zaheramAM 'varjina sA kaiTA'-kATAnI kuMvArakAnI pavitra mUrti che. tAla sAvara dvArA tAla javAlAmukhInuM mukha jovA jaI zakAya che. khAsa mulAkAta nakkI karI alakha gamAM sarpAnI vADI che tyAM sauMnA jheramAMthI davAnA iMjekazanA banAvAya che. ahIM sarpanuM jhera kevI rIte kADhavAmAM Ave che tene pratyakSa prayAga karI batAve che. lagbAlana zaheramAM speniza vijetA legAjhipa ane philIpIna netA dAtu siMkAtunA vacce thayelA lAhIyALa karAranuM sthaLa tathA junAM speniza devaLeAnA avazeSA che. ehelAnA aMdaranA bhAgamAM kAramenanI "ceATaleTa TekarIe" AvelI che. iliMgana zaheramAM mAriyA kristInA dheAdha ane audyogika sthAnI mulakAta laI zakAya. vimAna dvArA ile. ilA zaheramAM AvI tyAMnA 'jusI' ane ' pINuM vonI vaNATakalA ane temAMthI banatI vividha vastu tathA philIpAIna pAzA jovAmAM sAro samaya vIte che. arevA jillAnuM puSpagrAma che tyAre jhambe aMga puSpa zahe che. miA gAe duga 182 varSa purANA che. sAna joAkIna devaLa 1869mAM paravALAthI AMdhyuM che. asileA dAlA ana thAzrame sthApelI bharatakAmanI dukAnamAM bharatanA suMdara namUnAo maLe che, philIpAInsanI zALAomAM aMgrejI zikSaNanuM mAdhyama che tethI leAkeA aMgrejI sArI rIte samaje che. muslima nRtya nizkila e hAthamAM meATA pakhAe laI ne strIe ane puruSA talavAra tathA DhAla laI kare che. " zromaneka" zukaniALa mAra ke phUMkaDA ane mAchalInuM muslima sthApatyamAM khAsa sthAna che. saMyukta kuTuMbamAM mAbApa ane viDAne nAnerAM mAnapUrNAMka jue che ane temanI AjJAnuM pAlana kare che. Ama philIpAInsa TApue Adhunika ane prAcIna vividha saskRtionA subhaga samanvaya dharAve che. 65 nAITa kalame.--rAtrI manAra jaka sthaLe-vivadha nRtya vilAsa pIrase che. manIlA jANe sUtuM ja nathI 16mI jAnyuArIe atiatihana utsava akavAnanA kAlIbezamAM ujavAya che tyAre zerIe rAta ane divasa nRtya ane gAnathI gAjI UThe che, mArIena utsavamAM vividha maheArAM paherI bAIbalanA cAjAya che. tyAM maraMga phaLa sArA pramANamAM thAya che. navuM makaTana vimAnI mathaka eziyAnu eka zreSTha vimAnI aMdara che. philIpAInsa pacara'gI prajA, pacara'gI pAzA kA, pacara`gI dhye sethyu zahera philIpAInsamAM sauthI aa nu che. makaTAnamAM DInAnsa megelena-TvIpAInsanA pAtu gIjha--speniza zeAdhakane lADuM lApu saradAre mArI nAkhyuM. ahIMnI kAleAna zerI sauthI jUnI zerI che. rie henDA muslima gAma che. tAlukasa genA samakSa gAmamAM jatAM tame nArIyeLInA gUDhA saMskRtionA subhaga zaMbhumeLo che. tyAMnA lokenI himata ane pUrva tetuanA puSpabAge| zvetA jAva che. mAchImAreAnI raMgIne vintA heADIe merA amata para pAtaLA TekApara bAMdhelAM jhuMpaDAM dvArA grAma jIvananA mArA khayAla Ave che. davAjhA zaheranu jAhera prajAra dhAgI leAkeAthI dhamadhamatuM hoya che. ahIM gayasayanuM smAraka che. A mahApuruSanA nAma sAthe joDAyeluM pArite Sika zrI vinekhA bhAvene paNa enAyata thayuM hatuM. bAgA inIgA phArmAMmAM vividha phaLaphUlAnAMko che. 'mabuhu' zabda philIpAInsamAM svAgata. milana vidAya InDAne ziyana leAkeAnI sAhasikatA, cInI yAkenI kuTuMba bhAvanA ane bhAratanI rahasyamaya mAnyatA dharAve che. temaNe jApAniseA pAsethI kozala ne arabastAna pAsethI IslAma dharma, spena pAsethI khristI dharma ane amerikA pAsethI lokazAhI apanAvyAM che. Ama vividha lAkSaNikatAene te leAkeAe peAtAnI ananya lAkSaNikatAmAM vaNI lIdhIche. philIpAnchanA le ke anekava'zI, viAdha buddhivAna, aneka sa'skRtionAM bALa darzana thAya che. vagere prasage chUTathI vaparAya che, cA! tyAre philIpAinsa nA leAkeA taraphathI saune " ma khuDe" kahI ApaNuM khayAna samApta karIe. marAnA parvata pavita gaNAya che. minhAnAomAM AgAkhAna myujhiyama-muslima kalA saMgraha che. kAgAyata

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 5. sAdhvIjI mahArAjonI bhakti arthe zrI siddhakSetranI pavitra bhUmimAM vRdhAvasthA dharAvatA pUjya thIjI mahArAje aneka zALA dAvA chatAM kSiratA karavAnI hAlAkI jaNuM tAM zeTha meAMta zA cerITe^la TrasTe atre rahevAnI temaja bIjI badhI suvidhAo UbhI karI che. pAlItANA gAmamAM matIyA Da ii dharmazALAnA bhAgaLanA bhAgamAM deza rUmanI praga63 karI che. A kAnA prAraMbha sa. 2030 nA kArataka vada 1 thI karavAmAM mArI, pUjya mArgIjI mahArAjanI sevA bhakti-vaiyAvacchana che. bha levA temaja emane tana, mana, te dhanathI sahukAra ApavA jata sadhAne vinaMtI karIe chIe, jeone sakAraNa sthira vAsa karavAnI jarUra jaNAya te muI zrI mAtIzA ae cerITela TrasTane saMparka sAdhavA vinaMtI che. madada mekalavAnA sthaLe menejIMga TrasTI-zeThazrI mIzA cerITelaTrasTa bhAyakhalA-subaI athavA pAlItANA fa. zeThazrI pravINaca'dra amaraca jhaverI huM meM. sUrI ) tathA anya TrasTIe maNIlAla mohanalAla pArekha maracanTa, kalIarIga, fAravaDI''ga, varahAusI'ga enDa kasTama hAusa ejanTasa benka AdhArAijha klIarI'ga eja sa R. MOORJIMAL (FANCY CLOTH MERCHANT) cha, kAjhI saiyada sTrITa, bIje mALe, muMbaI, 400003. 12 KAKAD MARKET KALBADEVI ROAD BOMBAY-2 zubhecchA pAThave che 949

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850 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 Resi : 476253 Phone : 371524 Phones S 315128 317717 SHETH GROUP VARAL WALA KESHAVLAL NANCHAND & CO Manufacturers of : Gram : * Hydrogen Cells * Cold Storagk Doors * Pavda Hinges Sheth Engineering Works * Washers * Latches * Air Agitation System * Pulleys Office & Factory : * M. S. Tanks Hasarnbhoy Jetha Compound, * All kinds of Opp. Byculla Goods Depot. Fabrication Work. Dr. B. S. Ambedkar Road, Byculla, Rep. by BOMBAY - 27. phone : 371524 BOMEAY ICE CANS INDUSTRIES Manufacturers : ICE CANS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS Hasambhoy Jetha Compound, Opp. Byculla Goods Depot Dr. B. S. Ambedkar Road, Byc[lla, Bombay-27. Rep.......................... CLOTH MERCHANT 145 C. Dr. Viegas Street. Khimji Matharadas Building Kalbadevi Road, Bombay-2 BR BOMBAY STEEL & ENG CO. MFRS. of Tawa, Kadai, ghamella and Iron Steel Merchant. WHOLESALERS FOR BINNY LIMITED Buckingham & Carnatic Mills, MADRAS Bangalore Woollen, Cotton & Silk Mills, BANGALORE Phones Office : 324313 Resi : 252870 WITH BEST COMPLIMENTS FROM NEW STEEL SYNDICATE 127, Nagdevi Street, BOMBAY-3 STOCKIST & DEALERS IN TOOL & ALLOY STEEL Jain Education Intemational

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kalApremI prajAne deza lAosa zrI. kRSNavadana jeTalI bhagavAna rAmacaMdranA putra lavanA rAjya tarIke kaI ke (bAra) maMtrI hoya che. rASTrIya dhArAsabhA 59 dara pAMca lAosa rAjyane oLakhAvyuM che. thAIlenDamAM rAma jAo varSe cUMTAyelA sabhyonI banelI che. vienaTIena rAjyanuM thayA hatA ane ayodhyA tathA lopapurI-lavapurI paNa che. pATanagara che. ane tenI vasatI 1,00,000 nI che temAM cAre bAju bhUmibaddha agni eziyAmAM Avelo ghaNA prAcIna samArake che ane navI ImAratothI te jhaDapathI lAosa deza(planabhaMga) dasa lAkha hAthIone ane Adhunika banI rahyuM che. rAjAnI rAjadhAnI pagaDAnA nagara chatrano deza kahevAya che. meM kAMga nadIne kinAre 600 mAI tarIke oLakhAtA lu bAMga prabaMgamAM che. aneka ma di. vITa vistarelo pradeza che. tenuM kSetraphaLa 236860 corasa kilo- ane pageDAthI A nagaranuM soMdarya jhaLahaLI rahyuM che. mITara che. tenI uttare jana prajAsattAka cIna ane lokazAhI luAMga prabaMganI vasatI 25000nI che. mAnIne, savakheta, viyeTanAma AvelAM che. dakSiNamAM mera prajAsattAka kaDiyA ane pakase bIjA agatyanAM zahero che. 90 TakA loke AveluM che. pUrvamAM lokazAhI viyeTanAma ane viyeTa nAma khetImAM rokAyelA che. calaNI nANamAM pa00 kIpa barAbara prajAsattAka athavA uttara ane dakSiNa viyeTanAma che. ane eka Dolara che. pazcime thAIlenDa ane brahmadeza AvyA che. lAosamAM lAosanI bhASA lAonuM mULa thAI bhASAmAM che. relave nathI. mekaeNga nadI jaLamArga pUro pADe che. 1961mAM ane te siyAmI, kamboDiyana ane brahmadezI bhASAnuM 1700 mAilanA rastAomAM 270 mAIlanA pAkA rastA mizraNa che. sAhityika ane kAvyanI bhASA saMskRta ane hatA. 1961mAM 500 khAnagI meTaro ane 1750 Traka pAlInI vaMza ja che. lAo bhASAno zadakeza traNa bhASAmAM tathA base hatAM Ama chatAM, lAosamAM 1960 vimAnI vaheMcAyeluM che. janatAnI bhASA, ucca varganA amIronI mathako ane 19 vimAnI paTIo hatI. pALelA hAthIo bhASA ane dharma guruonI bhASAno zabdakoza. loke. rAjAnI milakata gaNAya che. hinayAna-kheravAdI bauddha dharma pALe che. lAosamAM A dhame lAosanI vasatI 30 lAkha, 33 hajAranI che. dareka 14mI sadInA madhyabhAgamAM, A phAnume lAosanI coraca kilomITare vasatI gIcatA 13nI che. lAosamAM ekatA sAdhI tyAre praveza karyo. 17 mI sadImAM rAjA hAla rAjA zrI savaMga vattananuM zAsana che. 1953nA oka sauvijJa vAMgunanA samayamAM te dhana pUrNa vikAsa pAmyo. te TobaramAM lAosa svataMtra rAjya banyuM. 1mI me temano samayamAM kamba DiyAnA ane thAIlenDanA dharmaguruo dhama rAjya baMdhAraNa dina rASTradina che. lAosa 16 khovaMga jJAnAnubhava mATe lAosamAM AvatA, IlAkAmAM vahecAyelo che. ane dareka khovaMga keTalAka mugano banelo che. muganuM tasaMga (jilA) mAM 13mI sadImAM lAosa ko DiyAnA rAjyanA zAsana vibhAjana thayeluM che. ane tatsaMga baMsa-gAmonuM ekatrI- taLe hatuM ane te cheDA-mera saMskRtine bhAga hatuM. te karaNa che. pachI thAInA sudaya rAjya tene sara karyuM. 14mI sadInA rAjAnA maMtrImaMDaLamAM cha rAjAe nImelA maMtrIo madhya kALamAM sudaya rAjaya nabaLuM paDayuM ane kAnumanA ane cha rASTrIya dhArAsabhAe nImelA maMtrI maLI kula 12 netRva-pitRtva taLe lAna saMga-dasa lAkha hAthInuM rAjya Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 lAge, svataMtra banyuM. 14thI 16mI sadIne samaya lAosane suvarNa ane eka khanIjanA niSNAtane temanI khANonI samRddhine kALa hato. tenuM rAjya cInathI uttara thAIlenDa sudhI vista- upayoga vadhAravA mokalyA che. 1973 nI 27 mI jAnyuArIthI reluM hatuM. 17mI sadImAM AMtarika kauTuMbika jhaghaDAone 30 mI jAnyuArI sudhI lAosanA vaDA pradhAna prinsa jANe ane paDozanA brahmadeza, thAIlenDa ane viyeTanAmanA suvanna phrImA-suvarNa ma-bhAratanI mulAkAte AvyA hatA bhAre damaNe lAsane vibhinna karyuM. 19mI sadI sudhI ane bhAratanA vaDA pradhAna zrImatI iMdirA gAMdhI sAthe lAosane pazcima nI duniyA sAthe apa saMsaga hato. bhArata ane lAosa dezanA paraspara lAbhadAyI saMba che vize 1880mAM lAosanA zAsana vize viyeTanAmAM ane thAI. sArI carcA karI hatI. lenDanA saMgharSamAM phrAnsa vacce paDyuM. te samaye lAosanA amuka bhAga para phreMca loko tene saMsthAna gaNI zAsana lAe samAM me thI sapTembara sudhI varSARtu hoya che. calAvatA hatAM. phrAMse luAMga prabaMganA rAjyavaMzane rakSaNa ane okaTobarathI eprila sudhI sUkuM vAtAvaraNa rahe che. ApyuM. 1954mAM I-cIna yuddhanA nikAla rUpe jinivA varSARtumAM sarerAza mAsika 12 iMca varasAda paDe che. pariSade lAosane ravataMtratA ApI. be sivAyanA badhA DisembarathI phebruArImAM uSNatAmAna ghaNI vakhata 60 phe. hoya che. lAsanA prAMte rAjAnA aMkuza nIce AvyA. A be prati uttara biyeTanAmanI sarahade AvelA phAMga sali ane lAosano rASTradhvaja lAla raMgane che. temAM vacce samanavA hatA ane temanA para uttara viyeTanAmI gerilA pAMca pagathiyAM para sapheda trimukhI hAthI ubho che ane paththata lAo-rASTrIya lAo saMghanuM varcasva hatuM. A saMgha tenA para saptastarIya sapheda chatra che, lAla raMga lAo uttara viyeTanAmI sAmyavAdIonI racanA hatI. hAla paththata lokonI bahAdurI ane dezanA rakSaNa mATe balidAnanI bhAvalAo ane uttara viyeTanAmI vacce saMgharSa thayo che kAraNa nAnuM pratIka che. trimukhI hAthI lAosanI ekatA ane uttara viyeTanAmI loko lA e lokone dabAvavA prayatna luAMga-prabaMga rAjaya madhya rAjya ane caMpAsaka rAjayanI karatA hatA. Ane pariNAme nio lA hakakSata nAme ekatA darzAve che. pAMca pagathiyAM bauddha dharmanI pAMca, paththata lAo saMgha oLakhAvA lAvyo. tenI sAthe 1972nA AjJAo che. ekaTobarathI suleha sthApavA rAjya sarakAre vATAghATo karI 1 mAre nahi ane temAM tene ghaNe aMze saphaLatA maLI che. 2 cero nahi lAose 1969-1974 nI paMcavarSIya yojanA dvArA 3 jUThuM bole nahi navA udyoge sthApI pragati karavA mAMDI che. lAosa kalAI, ImAratI lAkaDuM, kophI ane rUnI nikAsa kare che. ane temAM 4 paDozInI patnInA mAlika bane nahi, ane 90 TakA TIna-kalAI ane ImAratI lAkaDuM che. dezane 60 5 madirAnuM vyasana karo nahi. TakA vistAra jaMgalano che. 1968mAM lAose 7650 sapta starIya chatra rAjayavaMzanuM mahAna rAjAnuM cihna che. meTrIka Tana mAchalI pedA karI hatI. mAchalI uchera mATe hAla 700 jeTalAM taLAve che. temAM nAma nuna sauthI moTuM che. lAo prajA kalAnI che. alaMkArika kalAmAM rekhA , lAosamAM pANI vipula pramANamAM che ane tethI lAe ane raMganI susaMvAditA najare paDe che. kASTa kotaraNImAM jaLano rAjA kahe che. 1971-72 daramyAna navA rastAo luAMga prabaMganAM makAne, dvAro, bArasAkho vagere khUba . bAMdhavAmAM AvyA che. bhAratanA vaDA pradhAna javAharalAla kalAtmaka hoya che. "khuya lAonuM paraMparAgata vAdya naherue hAlanA lAosanA rAjA sAthe parasparanI mulAkAta che. "saI" ane "se o" taMtuvAdyo che ane ene dvArA baMne dezo vacce saMbadhe vikasAvyA ane bhArata kathAnuM 1 lAosane aneka kSetre madada karI rahyuM che. pAlI bhASAnA lAosamAM rASTrabhASA lAo uparAMta bIjI bhASA zikSaNa mATe bhArate eka adhyApakane lAosa mokalyA che. tarIke pheMca ane aMgrejI zIkhavavAmAM Ave che. 1971mAM Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 853 lAosanI prAthamika zALAomAM 24000 vadhu bALakone dezamAM sAruM karanArAone caMdrako vagerethI sanmAne che. praveza ApavAmAM Avyo hato. mAdhyamika zALAomAM 300 rAte loko phUla, dhUpa vagerethI stUpanuM pUjana kare che. gheDA vidyAthIo vadhyA hA ane zikSaka tAlImArthIonI saMkhyA deDanI spardhA vagere ramato yojAya che. agAunA varSa karatAM 300 vadhu hatI. 1970mAM khetI mATe ta luAMganA utsava pahelAM terasane divase vATasizALA zarU thaI ane 1971 mAM Tekanikala kauzalya mATenI musaMgane meLo bharAya che. A vienananA mukhya maMdiranA zALA zarU thaI. 1972mAM Telikomyunikezana tAlIma kendra bAMdhakAma vakhate tenA gepuramAM si" nAmanI eka sImaMtinIne zarU thayuM. dara varSe 80 thI 100 sanAtake paradezamAM tAlIma garbhiNIne jIvatI dATavAmAM AvI hatI. tenA nAma parathI laI Ave che. tenuM nAma simuaMgavATa paDayuM che. ahIM bhAvika boddho lAosamAM 2500 pathArIovALA 22 IspitAlo rAte mINabattI ane phule sAthe meTA saraghasa AkAre che. 1972 mAM viyenanamAM nasiMga skUla zarU karavAmAM yAtrAe Ave che ane mukhya maMdiranI pradakSiNa kare che. AvI che. taEluAMga meLAnA bIje divase vada paDavAne divase lAosa zikArIo mATenuM svarga che. ja'galemAM vATaogatu ane vATa ipengane meLo bharAya che. vATa vAgha, hAthI, jaMgalI bheMza, pADA ane rIMcha vagere prANIo ogatu zAhI maMdira che. temAMnI buddha bhagavAnanI mATI sArA pramANamAM che. pratimA rAjA settatirAja siddha-adhirAje taiyAra karAvI hatI. bAramA caMdra mAse caudaza ane pUnamane divase lAe nUtana varSa daravarSe eprilanI madhyamAM Ave lAosana ta (thAta) luAMga meLo thAta-ta8 -ne artha che. A nutana varSanA utsavamAM bauddha maMdira kendra sthAne pegaDA thAya che ane luAMga eTale bhavya. ta8 luAMga hoya che. teo pUNya meLavavA be kAryo kare che. teo pATanagara vinatyenanA upanagaramAM AveluM che. navembara buddha bhagavAnanI pratimA para, bauddha maMdiro para, vaDIlo para mAsamAM A utsava Ave che. te utsavane ughATana vidhi suvAsita jaLano chaMTakAva kare che. ane bauddha sAdhuone mahArAjA tathA vaDA pradhAna kare che. paradezI elacI khAtAMe dAna kare che tema ja A divasa mATe khAsa kharIdelAM pitAnA dezanI kalAkArIgIrI, vijJAna pragati vagere batAvatA pakSIo, mAchalI, kAcabA vagere ne mukata kare che. Ane peveliyana maMDaLa bAMdhe che. paraMparAgata TIkhI"-phuTabola keTalAka jalotsava kahe che kAraNa traNa divasa sudhI loko , jevI ramata ramAya che. AmAM vAMsanA mULamAMthI daDe ekabIjA para jaLa chAMTe che. hiMdu dharma pramANe te divase eka banAvela hoya che ane vAMsanI lAkaDIthI hokI mAphaka varSa sudhI duniyA para rAjya karavA eka rANInI pasaMdagI tene phaTakAravAmAM Ave che. A utsava vize eka kathA che. na thAya che ane teno moTo varaghoDo vAjate gAjate nagaramAM bhAratanA mahArAjA zeke buddha bhagavAnanA avazeSo phare che. ane maraNa mATe 8000 rUpe baMdho. bhagavAna buddha mArca mahinAnI sAtamI tArIkhe lazkara dina ujavAya sIstAnaka rAjayamAM padhAryA hatA ane jene phamAva pAse che ane te divase mahArAjA, vaDA pradhAna. maMtrImaMDaLa hAlanA taTeluganA sthaLe rahyA hatA. temaNe evI bhaviSya paradezI rAjya pratinidhio vagere samakSa lena laMga evanyumAM vANI uccArI hatI ke mArA nirvANa pachI mahArAjA azoka pAyadaLa, naukAdaLa ane havAIdaLanI raMgIna pareDa thAya che. ahIM eka tRpa baMdhAvaze. bhagavAna buddhanA vALa ane skAuTe, vidyAthIo ane sarakArI nokare paNa temAM bhAga anya kiMmatI vastuo para ahIM mahArAjA azake nAno stupa baMdhAvyo hato. tenI upara I.sa. 1566mAM rAjA settanImAje (sidya adhirAje zreSThatIrtha) eka bhavya rUpa phebruArInI madhyamAM caMpAsakathI 8 kilo mITara dUra tarkalaga ramyo. ahIM taphalAMgane utsava ujavAya che trIjA caMdramAse pUnamane divase vATa phaunA maMdira pAse vATa tyAre lAosanA rAjA bauddha sAdhuone dAna Ape che. phauene makhAbujA-mahApUjAno mahotsava thAya che ane le che. Jain Education Intemational

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854 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe lAratIya asmitA bhAga-ra jema thAya che. te vakhate eka pAtramAM phaLaphUla pardhA sajAvavAmAM bhegAM maLelAM jANe prabhunI prArthanA kare che. be hAtha joDI vana kare che. A vidhi game te sthaLe ane samaye thAya che, buddha bhagavAnanA 1250 arhatAnA smaraNamAM auddha yAtrIA dhyAna ane pravacana-upadeza zravaNa kare che. agiyAramA caMdramAsanI suda khIjathI khAramA caMdramAsanI pUnama sudhI (okaTobara mAsamAM) leAkeA auddha sAdhuone pILAM vastra vagerenu dAna kare che ane lAke maMdire bheTA laI samUhamAM gAtA, nAcatA, vAjA vagADatA jAya che. A utsavane Ana kAtinha kahe che. unALAmAM jAnyuArIthI me mahinA sudhImAM maMdiro mATe phALA ugharAvavA khauddha sAdhue buddha bhagavAnanA pUrva janmAnI jAtaka kathAo gAI ujavatA Si kAtsavane mauna praveta kahevAmAM Ave che. senakSaMganA rAjA sesetta tiratha ( siddha ke zreSDatIthaeN) vizAkha bujA-vaizAkha pUjA chaThThA caMdramAsanI pUrNimAne 1563mAM baMdhAvela he krUke te sthApatyanA camatkAra gaNAtu divase ujavAtA mahAtsava che. te buddha bhagavAnanA janma, auddhatva-jJAna prApti ane nirvANanA trividha prasaMgeAnA utsava che ane te vakhate rAjyabharamAM rAte dareka maMdiramAM dvAkA phUlA, mINabattIonAM vividha phAnasA, dIpA vagere sAthe TALAbaMdha UbharAya che ane madiranA pUjArI sAthe madiranI traNa pradakSiNA kare che. bIje divase leAkeA rokeTa utsavaphaTAkaDA utsava Ujave che ane khANIpINI tathA mUrkhAI darzAvavAmAM divasa gALe che. kee-nilamanI UbhelA buddha bhagavAnanI mUrti 1730mAM cArAyA bAda tenu' mahattva ghaTI gayuM, hAla temAM dhArmika pustakAlaya ane rASTrIya sagrahasthAna che. A sagraha sthAna atihAsika sthApatya viSenA ane sAhityika atyaMta mUlyavAna vastuo che. savannakheta pAse uttaramAM 13 kiaAmITara dUra AvelA tAda ( pegADA) IMga huMganA pAse dhArmika ane sAmAjika meLA dara varSa phrebruArI mAsamAM bharAya che. navamA caMdramAsanI pUsimAnA divase (egasTamAM) naukA vahana spardhA luAMga prabhaMgamAM thAya che ane gAma gAmathI temAM bhAga levA leAkeA Ave che. mekAMga naThThImAM A spardhA cAjAya che ane vijetAne rAjA taraphathI apAyela cAMdInA vADakA vagere bheTa maLe che. 19mI julAI rAdina tarIke UjavAya che. A dinane lAe leAkeA 'vAna ekaratha' kahe che. trIjI navembara mahArAjA zrI savAMgAttananA janma dina che. dareka zubha kArya mATe prabhu kRpA ane vaDIleAnI AziSa meLavavA vanI-khaya zrI vidhi karavAmAM Ave che. nUtana varSe mahemAneAnA svAgatAthe, varSa gAMThe, lagna prasaMge, mitrA ke sagAsaMbaMdhInI dUra yAtrA vakhate A vidhi thAya che ane temAM vaDIla AziSa-zubhecchA ane abhinaMdananA zabdo kahe che. ane AziSa pAmanArane kAMThe zuddha zveta dvArA madhe che. jIvananA keAyaDA ukelavAmAM ane vighnA dUra karavA mATe A vidhi dareka kuTuMbamAM ApaNI satyanArAyaNanI kathA lAsanA mukhya nagaramAM hATalA che ane vienacainathI ApaNe lAesanA saudarya dhAmA ane jovA lAyaka sthaLA jovAnuM ArabhIye, viena tyena ane luAMga prama'ga hajAra pegeADAnAM nagarI gaNAya che vATa sisaketanuM bAMdhakAma 1818mAM rAjA anauvAMge zarU karAvyuM ane te 1824mAM pUru thayu. pATanagaranA A sAthI suMdara ane mahattvanA maMdiramAM dareka navI sarakArane segavidhi rASTrIya vidhAnasabhAnA hukamathI thAya che. rAjA sesettatirata ( zrI satyati ) 1500-1pa10nA gALAmAM baMdhAvela vATaAMgatu tenA kAtarelAM khArI khArA vagere mATe prakhyAta che. ahIM rAmAyaNamAMthI prasaMgeA kASThamAM kuDArAyA che. kendrasthAne vienatsyenamAMthI buddhanI eka sauthI mATI kAMsAnI pratimA vizALa beThaka para birAje che. vietyenanA eka vakhatanA rAjyapAla phgna (pra) cetA AkI e 1560mAM aAvela tejamAtAnu sAthI mahatvanu maMdira-vATa yA vATanI bahAra maMdiranI rakSA karatI bhagavAna buddhanI vizALa pratimA UbhI che. vidhAnasabhAnA makAna ane sarakArI mahela vacce mRte tuM, hutAtmAnuM mAraka che. yuddhakSetre lAenA rakSaNu mATe balidAna ApanAra vIra cAdAnI rAkha ahI sukSita che tenI divAlA para lAonA rAjyanA bhavya bhUtakALane AlekhatI prajA ane pazu vagerenI citrAvalI che. AgaLa jene vize vAta thai che te thAta (tA) luAMga pUrvamAM viena cenathI traNa kilAmITara dUra AveluM ayagaNya lAe sthApatya kalAnA namUnA che. 1566mAM te rAjA setta tirate badhAju ane

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha te yAtrAnuM moTuM dhAma che. te 68 mITara pahoLuM ane 45 vicitra bAMdhakAmavALuM maMdira che. tenI madhyamAM Avela mITara UMcuM che. 1873 mAM tene yunAnisa cAciyAoe A DuMgara parathI mekaga nadI ane rAjamahela dekhAya che nukasAna pahoMcADyuM tenuM nava nirmANa karavAnuM kArya 1909 mAM zuddha lAo zailInA sthApatyanA namUnA rUpe vATa yaMga zarU thayuM ane 1929 mAM pUruM thayuM. Aje kamaLapAMkhaDIo mAMthI Ubhe thato tene suvarNa dhvajadaMDa dUrathI dekhAya che. yulAla tAMga vATame vATa vi sAna (viSNu), vATa tada luAMga ane ka ane ya dinanI ToLakIoe vienatyenane bALyuM vATa saMgha lokanA pAMca maMdirono samUha luAMga prabAgamAM Avelo che. maMdiro ajoDa che. AdhunikatA sAthe temanI prAcIna ane tyAM saMhAra karI rakata reDayuM tyAre A buddhanA vALane rakSate mahAna bajAne dharAvato stUpa adabhuta rIte banI gayo tA khAsa sumeLa sAdhI zaheranA sAMdayamAM vRddhi kare che. luAMga prabaMga thI dUra 30 kilo mITare prakhyAta pAkapha bevakhavaI vienatyenathI uttara pUrvamAM 65 kilo au athavA " tAma tAMga" nI guphA AvelI che. nadIne kinAre mIDara dura 900 mITaranI UMcAIe AveluM ramaNIya sthaLa che. sIdhA caDhANanI DuMgaranI bAjumAM AvelI A guphAmAM hajAro vienatyenathI uttare 55 kilomITara dUra naMgasaMganI guphAo baddha pratimA che. te guphAthI 200 mITara hara nadI para guphA rAjA phoname hAthIo ane zveta chatranuM rAjya sthApyuM te che temAM keTalAka Tana vajananI moTI buddha bhagavAnanI mUrti che. pahelAM 300 varSa junI che. A guphAomAM lAla retALa paththaramAM A sthaLe tAma tIMgathI javAya che ane te rASTranuM eka sAthI kaMDArela che. pAMca moTA gulAbI retALa paththaramAM kaMDArela mUti vadhu prakhyAta pavitra sthaLa che. omAM be batta bhagavAnanI mUrtio paMdara mITara UMcI che. tenI nIce buddhanI pAMca nAnI mUrtio che. vienacenathI ga mAMgano parvatIya pradeza guphAo ane dhodhothI 22 kiloma Tara ane vienatyenathI luAMga prabaMganA bharapura che. nagarathI cAra kilo mITara dura "tAma kepa" nI guphA rastAthI 10 kilomITara para UMcA khaDakamAM vicitra ghATamAM che. jaMgalamAM bAnabAne ane heMga khAMganA raste 15 mITara AvelI tAma dena suMgaguphA lAosanA sauthI prabhAvita UMcethI paDate che va che. lATa hauaMganuM ramaNIya sthaLa sthAnika sthaLomAnuM eka che. vienatyena prAMtanA vaMgavikheMga prade. vividha vastuonuM bajAra dharAvatuM gAma che. ye'ga khAMgamAM zamAM aneka guphAo phasa-nokhama. katarA vagere nadI nAma. mAnavadeha karatAM moTI Neolithie kehIo maLI AvI che. lIka, vaMgavA vagere rahasyamaya sthaLo AvelAM che. have heMga bega ane luAna prabAganA raste bana phAMgane vienatyenathI 90 kilomITara da2 nAma namanI hade Avela suMdara ane bhavya pageDA AvelA che. A sthaLanuM sthApathalata suMdara gAma che. ane zikAra tathA mAchImArI mATe tya ane zi5 300 varSa junI zailInuM che. heMga khI . * anukULa che. ahIM baMdhAto nAmanuma baMdha Adhunika sthApa. prAta prAMta zikAra zekhIno mATe anukULa che. tyanI kArIgarIno prabhAvita karanAra namUno che. viena bArakhAnethI 64 kilomITara dUra phabata phonsanemAM cenamAM paMDita javAharalAla naherUnA mAnamAM eka mArganuM buddhanA caraNanI chApa che. ArAma karatA buddhanI pratimAnA nAma apAyuM che. osTreliyA ane greTabriTananA elacI darzana mATe ghaNuM yAtrALuo Ave che. pakAnethI 3 kilo khAtAM A mArga para che. mITara dUra nAnA kUdhaI sarovaramAM marI pakaDa-vidhi thAya che tyAre AjubAjuthI leke bhegA thAya che. lAosanA rAjAnA nivAsanuM nagara luAga prabaMga (prabhAMga) nuM nAma buddha bhagavAna suvarNa pratimAM" prabaMga khaune prAMta cunAnA paththara ane guphAne pradeza che. parathI paDyuM che. bhagavAna buddhanI suvarNa pratimA baMga. he marathanA raste aneka guphAe che. ane te vicitra Aka lAosanuM sauthI kiMmatI dhArmika smaraNAvazeSa che. hu A rSaNa jamAve che. A pradezamAM 1700 mITara lAMbo bugado prabaMga mekIMga ane nAma khAne nadInA saMgama para Avela Tunnel che. nAma hIna bIna nadInA baMne kinArAo che ane te" kI tAo" ane kaunaMga'nAM bha da pa ramaNIya daryothI bharapura che. mahAkSara gAma tenA cAkhAnA pADe che. "phausIvATa" kaMgI ApAnI. chAyA DuMgara para AveluM madirA mATe prakhyAta che. Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 .' bhavannata ( suvarNa kSetronI vasatI 40,000nI che. jovA maLe che. bolavansanI bhUmi lAvArasathI phaLadrapa banI te luAga prabaMga sAthe rAjayanA bIjA naMbaranuM nagara che. ane temAM bAre mAsa gulAba, juI, jAI vagere puSpo kahevaDAvavAnI spardhA kare che. tenI sthApanA 187mAM makAMga khIlelAM rahe che ane aneka jAtanAM zAkabhAjI ane phaLo nadIne kinAre thaI. ane te vyApArI pravRttiothI dhamadhame paNa A bhUmimAM pAke che. AthI A nagara dakSiNanuM khetI che. prAcIna zyAmano pegoDA pAlI zikSaNa mATe prakhyAta viSayaka mAkeTa banyuM che. tenI ThaMDI AbohavAne lIdhe che. savajJakhetathI 12 ki mITara dUra AveluM kanyA bArInuM aneka loko ArAma mATe paNa ahIM Ave che. A pradezanAM gAma sugaMdhI dravya mATe jANItuM che. savakhetathI uttaramAM jaMgalomAM haraNAM, mora ane hAthI khUba pramANamAM levAthI 13 kilo miTara dvara tAda (thA) Ina huga A keTalAka zikArIonuM AkarSaNa vadhe che. saikAnuM junuM smAraka jyAre tyAM phebraArImAM dhArmika vidhi caMpAsaka mekaga nadIne jamaNe kinAre AveluM nAnuM thAya che. tyAre aneka yAtrALuone AkarSe che. uttaramAM sava khetathI 58 ki. miTara dUra AveluM kenbAomAM rAjavI nagara che. ahIno vATa "amatha" prakhyAta che ane temAM paththara yuganA bedI kADhelA avazeSe saMgrAhyA che. jAnyuArIthI julAImAM aneka musApharo ane loka ujA 10 mI sadImAM bauddhadharma zikSaNanA kendra tarIke vATa simANIe jAya che ane tyAMnA sRSTi saMdaryane mANe che. 9 sadI thana prasiddha hatuM. sisaumaMga vATamAMnI bhagavAna buddhanI junuM hevane hine (paththara ghara nuM maMdira dakSiNamAM 100 bhavya pratimA atItanI bhavyatAnI sAkSIrUpa che. "cAma" miTara dUra che. ane te lAosanA "auma" yugano eka saMskRtinuM sauthI mahAna sthApatya "vATa pha" nA maMdiro rasadAyaka avazeSa che. kema eDIno tAda phona-ziSyAvazeSa caMpAsakamAM AvelAM che. dakSiNa pazcimamAM caMpAsakathI 8 rAkha kahevAya che. trIjA caMdramAsanI pUnama tyAM ujavAya ki. miTara dara 1200 miTaranI UMcAIe "pho kAo" che. sAyakhama 56 kilo miTara dUra pUrvamAM bAMdheluM navuM para A maMdiramAM hoMgathAonuM maMdira hoMganAMganuM ane nagara che. hinakeTane jipsama (kAciyA paththara)nI temanI pAchaLa hoMganaMga sidA (sInaDI)nuM maMdira AvelAM khANa karAve che. bakevAMmAM mIThAno udyoga cAle che. che. vATa phI para javA mATe 75 pagathiyAM caDavA paDe che. - saravanenI lekurAIna lAyabrerI (sarovaranuM pustakAlaya) lAMbI mulAkAta yogya che. tyAMnuM bajAra paNa rasa paDe tevuM paraMtu 12 00 miTaranI UMcAIe AvyA pachI tAjI havAmAM che. lAo thIMgamAM suMdara zetaraMjI ane gAlIcA ane zikhara parathI dekhAtAM santarama dazyathI caDhANa tRpti anubhave bhaumitika DijhAInavALA skarTa nA vividha raMgo yAtrIonuM che. A maMdire jANe purAtatvanA saMgrahAlaya samAM che. dara mana turI le che. varSe trIjA cAMdramAsanI pUname vATa phono mahotsava ujavAya pakase nagaranuM nAma seDona nadIne AbhArI che. pakase che. prAcIna devAlayonA darzana karanAra A maMdira jovAnuM eTale "senuM mukha' te dakSiNamAMnuM moTuM vepArI kendra che. pakasethI eka kilomiTara dUra vATa phabAtamAM buddha bhagavAnanA cAra hajAra TApu-sItAndananA pATanagara kheMga para caraNanI chApa sAcavavAmAM AvI che. bAna saphe 11 kilo janArAo khAMgamAM lAonI zuddha kalAnA senI TopalImiTara dUra che ane tyAM khodakAmamAM buddhanI paththaranI tio banAvanArA vaNATa kAmanA kalAkArIgaronI kRtio ahIMnA tathA hAthInA mastake maLI AvyAM hatAM. temane phokSe bajAramAM maLe che. kheMga ane phameMganA jaLa prapAto-dhodha pegoDAmAM rAkhyAM che. lAosanA "cAma" yuganI A zreSTha lAosane nAyagarA" gaNAya . kalA kRtio che. 13mAM mAge 8 ki. miTara dUra atyaMta suMdara adabhuta dhodha- ma toka lakapata' AvelA che. ane lAosanA AvA suMdara sthaLe ApaNe joyAM ane tyAM loke nahAvA ane ujANI karavA Ave che. tenA vividha tahevAranA utsava mAyA ane yA tathA - pakasethI 50 ki. miTara belevansa-pleTamedAnamAM merane ane huM jAtinI strIonAM vaNelAM raMgIna AkarSaka khAvela paga tacu jatAM aneka cittahara grAmya dazya vastro ane tenI manohara bhAto ApaNane lAosa choDavA Jain Education Intemational ation Intermational

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smRti saMdarbhagraMtha zubhecchA pAThave che. zubhecchA pAThave che Te. naM. 578 zrI IzvarIyA sevA sa. maMDaLI lI. zrI banAsakAMThA jillA sahakArI kharIda vecANa saMgha lI. muH IzvarIyA (tAluko sihora). 75 saradAragaMja (ji. bhAvanagara) pAlanapura (ji. banAsakAMThA) sthApanA tArIkha 23-2-26 noMdhaNI naMbara 43. sthApanA tArIkha 21-7-1962 noMdhaNI naMbara se/sa/131 zerabhaMDoLa 19700 sabhya saMkhyA 125 zerabhaMDaLa 38820 sabhya saMkhyA 608 anAmata phaMDa 41570 kheDUta 105 235 372 anya phaMDa 6000 bina kheDUta 20 sarakArazrI kALIdAsa trIbhovanadAsa bhIkhAbhAI hIrAbhAI rokaLabhAI khAra. paTela delajIbhAI ga. paTela pramukha maMtrI vya. ka. sabhya zrI nyAlabhAI bhagavAna, zrI chaganabhAI saMgha rAsAyaNIka khAtaro, sudharelI jAtanuM bIyAraNa, hAmAbhAI, zrI parazotama lakhamaNabhAI, zrI kezavabhAI | kApaDa, khAMDa, ane anAjanuM jaththAbaMdha vecANa temaja mAdhAbhAI, zrI pAMcAbhAI dAnazIMgabhAI, zrI nathubhAI kharIdInuM kAmakAja kare che, temaja grAhakabhaMDAranI paNa hAlamAM rUpazIMgabhAI kAmagIrI kare che. anAmata phI 4,50,920/84 vyakti anya ke 4,50,920/86 maMDaLI maMtrI phona-582003 baheno mATe upayogI bahenane vAyaranA kaTIMga mATe kAma joItuM hoya (nokarI) te nIcenA saranAme maLo- samaya 10 thI 3 zubhecchA pAThave che bhuMbhalI sevA sahakArI maMDaLI mu: bhalI (bhAvanagara tAluko) (ji. bhAvanagara) sthApanA tA. 18 1 40 noMdhaNI naMbara 187 zera bhaMDoLa 30675 sabhya saMkhyA 220 | anAmata phaMDa 21000 kheDUta 197 anya phaMDa 11400 bina kheDUta 23 maMDaLI biyAraNa vigerenuM kAmakAja kare che. saMtA dhanajIbhAI pUnAbhAI sAduLabhAI hamIrabhAI maMtrI pramukha ba.ka. sa. zrI daMtAbhAI sIdIbhAI zrI nAnAbhAI mAdhubhAI, zrI baTukalAlazivazaMkara, zrI varasAbhAI raNachoDabhAI , zrI arajaNabhAI meghAbhAI, zrI meghajIbhAI bhAyAbhAI, zrI DAyAbhAI ukAbhAI, zrI devajIbhAI bhavAnabhAI nIkhila (IDiA) 6 daulatanivAsa pATaNavALA InDasTrIjha sAme lAlabahAdura zAstrI mArga ghATakopara muMbaI-86 Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 zubhecchA pAThave che vI samRddha evuM ApaNuM vaidika sAhitya bhAratanI sAcI rASTrIya saMpatti che. ane tenA adhyayana vinA koIpaNa bhAratavAsI pUrNa banI zake ja nahi. mu: rANaparaDA (tAluka) pAlItANuM (ji. bhAvanagara) zubhecchA pAThave che sthApanA tArIkha 24-10-63 noMdhaNI naMbara 6747 zerabhaMDoLa 24940 sabhya saMkhyA 75 anAmata phaMDa 1758/48 zrI sArAbhAI dharmacaMdra mAdhavajI sArvajanika maMDaLI sabhya ne khAtara bIyAraNa vigere pUruM pADe che. davAkhAnu mahuvA (sorATra) (mahuvA tAlukAnI prajAne niyamIta rIte su dara vadakIya raghurAma gaMgArAma baTukabhAI ajubhAI saravaiyA | sevAo pUrI pADatI Adarza saMsthA) maMtrI pramukha zubhecchA pAThave che zubhecchA pAThave che zrI moTA bhamodrA sevA sa. maMDaLI lI. moTA bhamodrA tAluke sAvarakuMDalA (ji. bhAvanagara) zrI depalA sevA saha. maMDaLI lI. muH depalA (tA. pAlItANA) (ji. bhAvanagara) sthApanA tArIkha 28-1-63 zerabhaMDoLa 20540=00 noMdhaNI naMbara 6458 anAmata phaMDa 1372=15 sabhya saMkhyA 78 kheDUta ha6 bina kheDUta 2 haragoviMdagapAlajI trivedI bacubhA aNadubhA saravaiyA maMtrI pramukha maMDaLI sarakAra mAnya dukAna calAvavAnuM kAma kare che. khAtara-bIyAraNa-davAo vigere sabhAsadone pUrU pADe che. sthApanA tArIkha 17-764 neMdhaNI naMbara 6785 zera bhaMDoLa rUA. 26920 sabhya saMkhyA 5 anAmata phaMDa 1050/43 kheDUta H anya phaMDa 108/08 bina kheDUta 1 maMDaLI khAtara-biyAraNa sabhyone pUruM pADe che. maMtrI manajI mepa kRSNavadana jAnI pramukha Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only ate & Personal Use Only

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mera prajAsattAka-koDiyA zrI kRSNavadana jeTalI navamI navembara 1953 ne divase phreMca zAsanathI kamboDiyAnA rAjyavaMzanI utpattinuM mULa bhAratane svataMtra baneluM kaDiyA-kAja-navamI okaTobara 1970 kAMDilya nAmane brAhmaNa hatA. te mekIMga nadInA mukhya pradezamAM ne dine "deva rAjAo" nI dhUMsarI phagAvI tenA zAsaka AvI nAga pAna bhUpatinI putrI samAne paraNyo ane prinsa siMhAkane 11-3-1960 nA roja baratarapha karI pramukha teno vaMza rAjyakartA bace. prAcIna cInanA itihAsamAM lona nolanA netRtva nIce mera prajAsattAka rAjya banyuM. mekIMga nadInA muLa pradezamAM kunAna nAmanuM sauthI paheluM te divase prathamavAra navuM rASTragIta gAjI rahyuM. padabhraSTa rAjavI bhAratIya rAjya I.sa.nI trIjI sadImAM sthapAyAnI vAta che. narottama siMhAnaka pikiMgamAM cInanA Azraye jaI vasyA che. hAlanA kaDiyA rAjayanA (mera prajAsattAkane) mULa mera prajAsattAka dakSiNa pUrva eziyAmAM Avelo sthApaka jayavamana bIje (802-85) hato. teNe 802mAM 70,000 corasa mAIlane phaLadrupa pradeza che. tenI vasati - kulena medAnamAM pitAno mahela bAMdhI deva rAjAnI paraMparA 70 lAkha karatAM vadhu che ane loko mukhyatve khetI ane sthApI. rAjA Indravamane (877-889) sAcI mera sattA mAchImArano dhaMdho kare che. mahAna nadI mekIMga (mANuMgA jamAvI. ane luo pradezamAM sabhyatA vistArI. laule nAmanuM kRtrima sarovara racyuM. teNe 83lmAM tenA pUrvajonI parathI tenuM nAma paDayuM che) keTalIka jagyAe traNa mAIla smRtimAM prehako minArA baMdhAvyA ane 881mAM bAkaganuM pahoLI che ane tenI dvArA rAjadhAnI noma penDa sudhI dari thAnAM jahAje AvI zake che. hajAro DAMgaranA khetarone A parvata samuM maMdira baMdhAvyuM. tenA putra yazavarmane (889, 900) navI rAjadhAnI uttara pazcimamAM aMgakAranA hadaya nadI piSe che sIMce che mukhya pAka, DAMgara. makAI ane rabara che. rUpa sthApI. teNe bAkheMganA noma ( DuMgara ) AjubAju | mera prajAsattAkane raddhavaja traNa raMgano che. ghero vizALa vistRta 7 ki.mi. 42 ki. mi. nuM sarovara racyuM vAMdaLI sapheda ane lAla gherA vAdaLI raMganA A vrajanA ane bAkheMganA zikhara para svarga-duniyA ane tArAonA DAbA uparanA khUNe lAla bhUmikAmAM jagaprasiddha saMgamara vATa pratIka samA aneka minArAovALuM bhavya maMdira bAMdhyuM. (maMdira)nI sapheda chabi che. jamaNI uparanI bAju ADI teNe phanoma kroma ane phoma beka DuMgaro para vizALa hAramAM traNa sapheda tArA che. vAdaLI raMga nIti, pramANikatA, maMdiro baMdhAvyAM. tenA vArasadAra putra harSavardhane (900nyAya ane mera lokonA kalyANane sUcaka che. lAlaraMga 943) phoma bakheMganI taLeTImAM bakSe AmaleMganuM nAnuM hiMmata ane nizcaya sUcave che. sapheda zuddha pavitratA paNa atyaMta kalAtmaka maMdira baMdhAvyuM. ane brasAta kavaNanuM ane bauddhadharmanuM pratinidhitva darzAve che. aMgakora vATa iTamAM upasAveluM kotarakAmavALuM bAMdhakAma karAvyuM. tenA (maMdira) dezanI bhavyatA ane sabhyatA- saMskRtinuM baMDakhora kAkA jayavarmana cethAe (929-941) uttara pratIka che. traNa tArAo pragati ane bhavyatAnuM sUcana karatA pUrvamAM meha-Dera AsapAsa sattA jamAvI ane aneka bhavya rASTra dharma ane prajAsattAkanI trimUrti svarUpa che. buddha dhamma samArake rahyAM. rAjA rAjendravarmana (944-968) aMgasaMghanA traNa ratno samAna che. dhArAkIya zAsakIya ane nyAyanI keramAM pAchA pharyA ane pre-3pa madira girinI racanA traNa sattAo samAna che. karI. 967mAM rAjavaMzI dharmaTha brAhmaNa yajJavarAhe bAteM | mera prajAsattAkanI vasatinA 85 TakA kaMDiyana mera zrI nAmanuM paththaramAM ratna samAna suMdara maMdira baMdhAvyuM. leka che. je bauddha dhamI che. 8 TakA viyeTanAmI, 6 TakA cIna A vaMzanA chelalA rAjA jayavarmana pAMcamAM e (968o ane bIjA thAIlenDa, lAomI ane bhAratavAsIo che. 1001)nA kesa mAM navuM pATanagara sthApI mahAna maMdira Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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858 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe lAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 girinI racanA karI paNa tenuM bAMdhakAma apUrNa rahyuM. 16mI ghaNo pradeza paDAvI lIdho. kamboDiyAnA rAjA AMga eMgane sadImAM navo vaMza rAja sUryavarmana prathama (1002-105ra) rAjyAbhiSeka thAIlenDanI rAjadhAnI beMgakokamAM karavo paDayo. dvArA sattA para Avyo ane teNe aMgakora thomamAM rAja 19mI sadInI zarUAtamAM kaDiyA nAnuM rAjya banI mahela baMdhAvyo tathA tenA kendra sthAne phimInakAno pirA- gayuM. 1847 mAM prinsa siMhAnUkanA vaDadAdA AMga dukheMgane mIDa baMdhAvyo, tenA pachI ulAdityavarmana bI (1050- rAjyAbhiSeka thayo. teNe 1854 mAM phrencAnuM rakSaNa mAMgyuM. 1062) tene bhAI harSavardhana trIjo (1066-1080) miThAnakanA dAdA rAjA narottame kecane kaDiyAnA rAjA tarIke avyA. ane harSavardhanaDhA samayathI vaMzanI videzanA saMbaMdho para aMkuza rAkhavA mATe rAjadhAnImAM paDatI zarU thaI. sUryavarmana bIjAe (1113-1150) resiDenTa janarala rAkhavAnI chUTa ApI. 1864mAM rAjA AkhA eziyAmAM ajoDa sthApatya sajana samuM aMgakera narottamano be kekathI pAchA meLavAyelA rAja mugaTa vaDe vATa (maMdira) baMdhAvyuM. te pachI thoDA samaya mATe mera phrenca elacIne hAthe audagamAM rAjagrAmiSeka thayo. ke e itihAsanI prabhAvazALI vyakti rAjA jayavana sAtamA 1907mAM thAIlenDa pAsethI kabaDiyAnA prAMto pAchA apAvyA (1186-1219) rAjya cAlyuM. teNe aneka suMdara maMdire 1887mAM kaMboDiyAnuM rAjya ca IDocAInAnuM vizALa baMdhAvyAM ane 200 paththara mukhavALA be cenanI vagerenI saMghamAM bhavya hatuM. 1930nA dAyakAmAM phrencasattA sAme racanA karAvI. have mera sattAnI paDatI zarU thaI hatI. rASTravAdI juvALa ucho. 1980nA junamAM hiTalare krAMsa ane 200 varSa bAda (1431) rAjAone aMgakora choDIne para AkramaNa karatAM tenuM patana thayuM. 1945mAM jApAnI cAlyA javuM paDayuM. ane aMgakora thAI lazkarenA hAthamAM lazkaroe kaMboDiyAne kabaje lIdho. paNa ogasTamAM jApAne jaI paDayuM bAramI sadInA aMtamAM zrI laMkAnA bhikSuo mitra rAjanuM zaraNa svIkAryuM. ane pharI phaeNca sattA brahmadezamAM gheravAdI bauddhadharma laI gayA. teNe bIjA pradeza kaMboDiyAmAM sthapAI. 1947mAM navuM baMdhAraNa AvyuM ane ane kaMboDiyAne paNa AkarSyA. kAraNa A gheravAda mahAyAna niraMkuza rAjAzAhI nAbUda thaI. nezanala esembalInA bauddhadharma karatAM sAro saraLa ane tyAgI jIvanane baMdha sathI prerita siMhAnU ke 1953nA phebruArImAM svataMtratA ApavAno hato. A gheravAda bauddhadharma hAla paNa mera meLavavA siMhAnUka phre cA sAthe carcA karavA phrAMsa gayA. lokomAM pracalita che. 1953nA navembaranI 9mIe kabaDiyAnI svataMtratAnI jAheI.sa. 1434 sudhImAM kaDiyAnA rAjavIoe pharI rAMta thaI. joramAM AvI nomapehamAM rAjadhAnI sthApI. paNa te pachI prinsa siMhAnUkane sattA vinAnI rAjagAdI karatAM te leveka ane pAchI aMgakora khaseDAI. 1593 mAM thAI , sattAvALuM rAjakIya netRtva vadhu pasaMda paDayuM. ane temaNe lazkaranuM AkramaNa thayuM ane 1603 mAM thAIlenDanI kRpA pitAnA pitA narottama surAmRtanI tarapheNamAM gAdI tyAga karI. pAmela rAjA kaMboDiyAnI gAdI para AvyuM. 1918 mAM saMgakuma riyAstra niyama (lokapriya samAjavAdI pakSa) sthApe rAjadhAnI levaka ane noma penDa vacce AdagamAM AvI. ane 1955thI traNatraNa cUMTaNIomAM A pakSe jIta meLavI. be varSa bAda 1820 kaDiyAnA rAjAnA lagna viyeTa sarakAro racI ane tenA netA siMhAnUka rahyA. 1960nA nAmanA rAjAnI putrI sAthe thayAM ane pariNAme kaMboDiyA eprilamAM temanA pitA rAjA narottama surAmRtanuM avasAna thatAM parathI thAI sattA dUra thaI rAjA jayajenA putra ane siMhAnu ke temanI mAtA rANI kosattAkane rAjyakartA tarIke 1640 mAM gAdIe AvI IslAma dharma svIkAryo ane malaya sthApita karAvyAM. ane rAjyano vahIvaTa prinsa siMhAnUka ane jAvAnA lokone kaMboDiyAmAM AmaMcyA. 1658 mAM karatA rahyA. te saramukhyAta na hatA temaja lokazAhI puruSa paNa A rAjAne tenA be bhAIoe viyeTanAmIonI madadathI na hatA. te rAjadvArI ane zAhIvaDA uparAMta kalA ane sAhityanI uthalAvI pADayo. duniyAmAM mera prajAnA netA hatA. teo lekho lakhatA. 18 mI sadI daramyAna koDiyAmAM AMtara yuddha cAlyuM kaTAkSa citro doratA ane philama citro taiyAra karatA 19ane teno lAbha laI thAIlenDa ane viyeTanAme kaMboDiyAno 69nA unALAmAM temaNe rAjyavahIvaTanI punarghaTanA karI ane Jain Education Intemational cation Intermational

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smRti sadabha graMtha Arthika sudhArA lAvavAnI eka "muktidAtA " sarakAra racI. AmAM mukhya be vyaktie hatI eka vaDA pradhAna ane sarakSaNa pradhAna janarana leAna neAla ane bIjA nAyaba vaDA pradhAna prinsa viseAvAtha sirika maTaka, janarala leAna nAla ane sirika maTake Arthika nIti AgaLa dhapAvI ane si'hAnUkanA cAra sAthIdArone rAjInAmAM ApavA paDayAM. temAM eka para lAMca rUzvatanA ArApa hatA. A AghAtaparAjya pachI siMhAnuke lAMbI rajA bhAgavavA koDiyA cheDayuM ane temanI viyeTa kAMga sAthe sulehanI nIti vakhADI kADhavAnI lirika maTaka ane lena nAlane pUrI taka maLA, mAnI 18mI 1970ne dine sihAnuka kakhADiyA pAchA pharavAnI jAherAta karI. pAchA pharyA nahi ane teja divase lena nAlanI navI netAgIrIe rAjyavahIvaTa sabhAnI lIdheA. cha mahinAnA TUMkA gALAmAM lena nAla 65000nu lazkara hatu. tene 7500nuM anAvyuM Ama ka beDiyAmAMthI rAjAzAhI dUra thai ane kabeDiyA mera prajAsattAka banyu, thAIlenDa ane viyeTanAmanA paDozI dezeAnA bhaya sAme svAtaMtrya mATe jhajhumavA karmoDiyAne lazkarI tAkAta vadhAravAnI jarUra hatI. kambADiyAmAM vasatinA 85 kaTA uparAMta khmera loko khetI para jIdhanArA che. cInanA pAMca TakA leAkeAnA hAthamAM vepAra udyoga hatA ane pAMca TakA viyeTanAmI leAkeA paNa cInAe jema kheDtA para arthika sattA bhAgavatA hatA. viyeTanAmI leAkeA Tomale sepanA mahAna sAvara AsapAsa penTuna ane sa'pAna para taratA gharAmAM vasI mAchImArane dhAMdhA karatA cInI leAkeA bhAre vyAje kheDUtAne paisA dhIrI temane cUsatA. chatAM A paisA dhIravAnI cInI nItine kAraNe kaccheDiyanA ane cInA vacce maitrI vahevAra rahetA. ka eDiyAmAM jaLamArgo prajAnI jIvana dorI che. te dvArA bhUminI phaLadrupatA sacavAya che. UMDA aMtara sudhI mAchImAranA dhaMdhA thaI zake che ane mANusA temaja mAlanI herapheramAM te upayAgI thayAM che. ka eDiyAnA leAkeAnI hADIe -sAMspana kahevAya che. leAkeAnIo ane sarovaro pAse rahe che ane temanA ghara zailanA pANInA bhayane lIdhe UMcA TekAe upara bAMdhelAM hAya che. gharamAM eka khaDa ane bIjA khAMDa vacce tADanI caTAI enA pArTI sana-paDadA hoya che. cAmAsA sivAya gharanI nIce khetarAmAM jAnavaro rakhAya che. 859 kuTubamAM strIe puruSA jeTaluM ja mahatva bhAgave che. bauddha sAdhu ejhe mATe thADA dhu khArAka banAvAya che. sAdhu savAre Ave che, apeAra pachI temane bhikSAnI manAI che. A bauddha dhI A preteA ane pitRdevAmAM mAne che ane temane "nIkatA" kahe che tathA temane dhUpa ane bhAtanuM navedya dharAve che. ane temanA sthAnethI pasAra thatAM TopI utArI kapAle hAtha dharI vaMdana kare che. sAmAnya mANasanA sAmAnya khArAka bhAtanA meTA lADavA ane traNa sUkI praheAkathI AthelI macchI hoya che. DuMgarALa paryaMtIya pradezamAM vasanArA AdivAsI ja galI jevA hAya che. ane tee phaneAMga kahevAya che. A lAkA gaLAmAM marelA duzmananA vALanI laTa pahere iM-khAMdhe che. 1950mAM phca madadathI zarU thayela siMhAvile eka agatyanuM baMdara che. 1959mAM A baMdarathI pATanagara nAmapenDa sudhI amerikAnI madadathI mera amerikana maitrIdhArImALa moMdhAyA hatA. ane phreMca madadathI khaMdarathI pATanagara sudhIneA relve rastA taiyAra thatA hatA. kamboDiyAnI rAjadhAnI nAma penDa dezanuM audyogika ane sAMskRtika kendra che. tenI vasati 4 lAkha uparAMta che. ane Tenke sepa, khasAka ane mekAMga nadInA saMgama para A baMdara zahera vasyuM che. nAma penDathI 9 ki. miTara dUra peceMga leAMga vimAnI mathaka che, neAma penDamAM cAMdInI tema ja za'kha chIpa vagerenI suMdara vastuo tathA agakAra vATanI mUrtionI nAnI pratikRtie vagere maLe che ane te mATe sAra limheka-cAMI rUpAnI ghaDanArAnI zerI prakhyAta che. pATanagara nAma penDamAM prathama varganA upAhAra gRhA (haoNTale)mAM 'dharAyala', 'mAnArAya ' ane 'mahArAjA' upahA gRhA che. bIjA varganA upAhAra gRhomAM 'sukhAlaya' ane mAMnDIama tathA inTaranezanala che, 'takIepha ' kambADiyana zailInu upAhAra gRha che. vimAna mAne raste zahera jAde agakAra ane e lampIA jevI rAtrInI nRtyakalakhe tathA 'lakSa 'eDana seAriyA vagere sinemA gRhe| paNa zaheramAM che. rIkSAomAM musAphara AgaLa bese che ane hAMkanAra pAchaLa hoya che. ka eADiyana leAkeA nATakA, sa'gIta, kalA ane nRtyanA zekhIna hoya che ane prinsa sihAkanI putrIee paNa nRtya kalA mAMDaLa sthApeluM hatuM. hiMdu devA, rAmAyaNa ane mahAbhAratanA prasa MgeA, nATakA ane nRtyemAM vAyA

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 3 akAla siMhAnUka vile finitely more nema pendathI ra0, 0 hoya che. pATanagara noma penDamAM savAre 7-0 thI 11-30 kaDiyAmAM daravarSe 50,000 pravAsIe jagaprasiddha sudhI rAjamahela ane rUperI pegoDA jevA jaI zakAya che. aMgakoravATa (maMdira) ane anya prasiddha atihAsika rASTrIya saMgrahAlaya 8-0thI 11-0 savAre ane bapora maMdira jevA AvatA. I. sa. 802thI 1220 sudhImAM judA pachI 3-0 thI 5-30 khulluM hoya che. beTamavaDI maTha ane judA rAjAo dvArA 22 jeTalAM mahAna devAlaya baMdhAyAM. tUpa tathA noma ane tene paMdaramI sadIno stUpa jovA- temAM 10 zivadhAmI, 4 brahmAnA, 6 bauddhadharmanA ane 2 lAyaka che. saMgakuma-hastaudyoga ane kalAnuM pradarzana che. noma vaiSNava dharmanA devAlayo che. A maMdiranA bAMdhakAmamAM pehathI 30 ki. miTara dvara purANuM pATanagara auoMgamAM mera kalAno parama vikAsa najare paDe che. I this rich zAhI ArAmagAho-kabaro che. dezI pizAka strIo mATe rich without being gaudy and magnificent kabaje ane sapoTa paganI pAnI sudhIno sAMkaDo caNiyo without being garish temAM bhAratIya kalAne prabhAva che. puruSe sapoTane badale sArAMga luMgI pahere che kabaDi. spasTa varatAya che sara elbarTa sITabele aMgakora vize lakhyuM che. thane sAthe tamane "rAmAMga" nRtya karavAnuM gamaze. lokone Angkor, as it stands, ranks as chief wonder maLIe tyAre bhAratIya DhabathI vaMdana thAya che. of the world today, one ot the summits to which human genius has aspired in stong in1930nA eprilamAM khullu mukAsala siMhAnUka vile finitely more impressive, lovely and as well romantie than anything '' kaDiyAnA A maMdira noma penDathI 224 ki. miTara dUra AveluM vepArI baMdara mAM kALakrama pramANe mukhya nIcenAM dhAma che. ane samudra kinArAnuM vihAra dhAma che. noma penDathI kepa 105 ki. miTara dUra AveluM suMdara samudra kinArA (1) zrI aMgajherathI 15 mAIla dUra uttara pUrvamAM paranuM jo riverAnI yAda ApatuM - zahera che. tathA AveluM zi9pakalAnA ratna samuM nAnuM maMdira 185 ki. miTara dUra bekAra 1000 miTaranI UMcAIe DuMgara para AveluM ramaNIya rathaLa che. nema pinDamAM kapeTa (2) vihAra kaDiyAnI sarahade thAIlenDa pAse pipara khadIdavAnuM bhUlaze nahi. kamboDiyana navuM varSa eprIlanI che uttara pUrvamAM AveluM giri maMdira adhavacce hoya che. ane tene utsava "caula chanala" kahe. (3) aMgakoranuM mahAna maMdira vAya che. "le loTasada "ra" taratuM resToranTa noma penDamAM (4) bena aMgakora nAmanA bIjA zaheranI madhyamAM che. calaNI nANu riyama che. nema penDanI sthApanA 172mAM maMdira, zrImatI pehe karI hatI. nema (eTale DuMgara ane) penDa zrImatI pinkanA nAma parathI tethI tenI sAthe joDAyela che. bAre zrI lakSamInuM bhavana aMgakorathI uttara pazcime pavatIya nagara penDa che 1434mAM pATanagara hatuM. pachI jaMgalamAM 15-20 mAIla dUra AveluM che.1914nA jA. yu. tene choDI devAmAM AvyuM ane pharIthI 1866mAM rAjA ArI sudhI A sthaLa vize koI jANatuM na hatuM. lephaTananTa narottame tene pATanagara banAvyuM make Marec te zeDyuM ane 1916 mAM pAremenTIre tene abhyAsa karyo. 1923mAM lUMTArAo e tenA apsarAnA 1962-63 daramiyAna kaDiyAmAM 16 lAkha Tana zipane nukasAna pahoMcADayuM paNa te pachI tene punaroddhAra cokhAno pAka thayo hato ane 42000 Tana rabara thayuM karavAmAM Avyo. mera sthApatyakalAne A eka nAno paNa zreSTha hatuM. plAyavUDa 33 lAkha miTara thayuM hatuM. zaNunA kothaLA namUne che. aMgakoravATa viSNunuM mahAmaMdira tenI pauruSI banAvavAno udyoga kApaDa ane plAyavUDa trIje na khare che. bhavyatA, virATatA, zakti sAmarthya ane tejasvItAne prabhAva 1960-60 daramyAna sarakAre kApaDa, kAgaLa, plAyavUDa niga, pADe che tyAre A womens citadel tarIke oLakhAveluM se-mela. lAkaDA vaheravAnI mila vagere udyogo sthApyA, lapharmabhuvana namaNI, nAjuka, simya nArInAM lAlitya ane kaMboDiyA saMyukta rASTrasaMghanuM sabhya che ane 40 uparAMta lAvaNyathI cittane prasanna kare che. lAla retALa paththaramAM dezo sAthe rAjakIya saMbaMdha dharAve che. kaMDArelAM tenAM bharacakka mRdu zipa aMgakoravATanA zi95 Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 861 karatAM vadhu caDiyAtAM che. aMgakoravATa karatAM baso varSa jotAM Majesty, might, dominion, power sAthe agAu 10 mI sadInuM A maMdira zivane arpita che, ane harmony ane beauty zabdanA paDaghA cittamAM paDe tenuM prAcIna nAma Izvarapura che. ahIM pAMca bhavana che. traNa che. A viSaNune arpita maMdira che. maMdiro ane be pustakAlayo. kAI maMdira ke bhavanane mALa, rAjA jayavarmana sAtamo gAdIe AvatAM viSNu nathI. uttaranuM maMdira vizagune arpita che. ane madhya tathA pUjAne lepa thayo ane maNayAnI bauddha pUjA zarU thaI ane dakSiNunuM zivane. maMdiranA oTalA upara nara vAnara, nara aMgakora maMdira vihAra banyuM. aMgakora vATanuM mahAna siMha, tathA garuDanI aneka suMdara mUrtio goThavelI che. maMdira rAjA sUryavarmana bI jAnu funeral aMtyAvazeSa dIvAlanA lAMbA gokhalAmAM devadevIo ane dvArapAlaka maMdira gaNAya che. tene vistAra 48000 corasavAra che ane sahaja rIte khaDAM che. bArasAkhathI uparanAM caMdrAkAra pralaMba tenI dareka bAju 220 vAra lAMbI che, bhavya kenTarabarI devaLa zipa kalAnA utkRSTa namUnA che. mahAbhAratamAMnI asarA jevAM devaLAthI dasa gaNA moTA vistAramAM phelAyeluM A tilottamA ane suMda, upasuMda nAmanA be rAkSasenI vAta paththaramAM kaMDArela mahAkAvya samuM maMdira vacce 220 UMcuM ahIM paththaramAM mUrtimaMta-jIvaMta thaI che kelAsa parvatanI zikhara dharAve che. retIyA paththaramAMthI A mahAmaMdira upara ziva pArvatI beDAM che, ane rAvaNa te parvatane upa racAyuM che. emAM 1750 jIvaMtadeha jeTalI moTI apsaDavAno vRthA prayatna kare che. te, tathA nRsiMha bhagavAna rAo kaMDArelI che. A kula 600 maMdirono samUha che. hiraNyakazyapunI chAtI cIre che te, airAvata para iMdra, naMdI aMgakora uttara-pazvimanA sima-TIpa prAMtamAM che. 12mI para beThelA zivapArvatI, gajalakSamI, vAlI-sugrIvanA ddhanAM 13mI sadIne A maMdira samUha be sadI sudhI jaMgalamAM zilo bhAratIya saMskRti ane kalAnA suddara sudhI vismRtinA garbhamAM hato temAMthI pharIthI jagata samakSa paDelA prabhAvanI sAkSI pUre che. 40 corasa miTaramAM A pheMca prakRttivida henarI mauhote 186mAM prakAzamAM ANyo. maMdira vistaryA che. pUrvamAMnuM gopura bIjo bhAga che. temAM tenI mulAkAta lenAra para tenI racanA yojanAnI spaSTatA uttara dakSiNa sAmasAme be maMdiro che. ane tenI aTArI mahAna sauMdarpa ane vividha alaMkArika zi95ne prabhAva gelerI-30 miTara lAMbI ane 17 miTara yahoLI che. 43%. The monuments of Angkor which represent the apogee of Khmer art and archi pra vihAra siAthI vadhu noMdhapAtra ane romAMTika mera tecture, are at the same time one of the mAraka che. ubonathI 40 mAIla dUra AvelA zrI skata finest examples of cultural and artistic sTezanathI dakSiNamAM 65 mAIla dAMceka DuMgaranI taLeTImAMthI heritages of ancient India, 241 HOHER 242 1500 phITa U e nirjana maMgalamAM 160 pagathiyAM-dareka mera kalA vize aneka pustako lakhAyAM che ane TUMkamAM eka phuTa UMcuM ane 30 phuTa lAMbuM caDIne tyAM jatAM tenuM varNana karavuM azakaya. je jagatane eka uttama vihAranI banne bAjunA praveza dvAre 10 phuTa UMcA nAganA kalA vAraso che. ane tenA rakSaNa mATe yuneska e vicAryuM che. mastako dvArapALa dekhAya che. eka gapuramAMthI pasAra thaI benanuM maMdira aMgakAra tema-bIjA nagaranI madhyamAM tame bIjA vadhu UMce gepuramAM jAva tyAM eka suMdara jaLAzaya AveluM bAramI sadInuM sthApatya che. tene "rahasyamaya Ave che. bIjA pravezadvAra para najara karatAM suMdara kaMDArelI madira' kahevAmAM Ave che. saMzodhara purAtatva vida bArasAkha dekhAya che. tyAMthI parIkathAmAM thAya che tema vadhu henI pAmeMnTI are tene vize kahyuM che. The Bayon was UMce jAva tyAre trIjI vakhata pagathiyA caDI eka navA bef re Started work on it an incomprehens:ble gopuramAM AvatAM tame 2300 phITa caDI rahyA che. ahIMnI even dangerous amaze; yet, on the other hand, bhavya ImAratanuM varNana karavA mATe zabdo pUratA nathI. ada- it gripped one's imagination and exercised an bhuta-bhavya-oha! A vihAranI zodha Adhunika jagata mATe extraordinary and romantic effect upon one s 1860 mAM Henri Mouhot hegrI mahote karI ane teNe senses." kahyuM che. pRthvInA paTa para A sthApatyanI jeDa nathI. tene A maMdiranA bAhyabhAga para vizALa brahmA ane Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 zivanAM mukhe dareka dizAmAM najara nAMkhe che. ane jANe eka mahAna alaukika zaktizALI juvAna hatuM. teNe rAjA nidrAmaya mita dvArA rahasyanuM vAtAvaraNa khaDuM kare che. pAsethI sattA chInavI laI pitAnuM nAma "viha bata dama ane mAnava tenI samakSa potAnI kSudratA apatA anubhave naMga manahIMga" eTale "khaDatala gaddAvALe rAjA" pADavuM. che. ahIM eziyAnA prajJA ane yugano sAkSAtkAra thAya che. A navA samrATe sAta varSa, sAta mahinA, sAta divasa beyonane bAramI sadInuM lokezvarane arpita mahAyAnI bauddha rAjya karyuM. tene eka divasa kharAba svapna AvyuM ane maMdira paNa gaNavAmAM Ave che. "pe te nakka" nA raste teno artha jyotiSIe rAjAne kahyo ke aThavADiyAmAM tenA baMne bAju 20 phUTa UMcI eka bAju devo ane bIjI rAjyano aMta Avaze. rAjAe AthI badhI garbhiNI strIone bAju dAnavonI mUtao jANe vidhanA zAsana mATe saMgharSa jIvatI bALI mukAvI. temAM phakta eka prema kela-bALaka karatI UbhI che. benanI vAyavya bApuona madira AveluM bacyo te moTo thatAM divyatA azva para caDI rAjamahela che. te akhaMDa hatuM tyAre tenI laMbAI 1800 phITathI vadhu para UDayo. rAjAe tenA tarapha gadA pheMkI paNa tenuM nizAna ane pahoLAI 400 phITa hatI ane tene traNa agAzI khAlI gayuM. ane jaze te pachI te jagyA battamabhaMga kahevAI. hatI ane Toca para trAMbAnuM sone raseluM goLAkAra mahA 1833mAM saMgakera nadI para siyAmIoe eka durga baMdhAvyo zikhara hatuM. te bhUtalathI 150 phITa UMcuM hatuM. tenA garbha hato ane 1941mAM te siyAmanA kabajAmAM hatuM. 1946thI gRhe zivaliMga hatuM. tenA gopurama para asaMkhya paurANika te kaDiyAnA kabajAmAM che ane te rASTrIya ekatAnuM prasaMgo-pralaMba zi95mAM mathurAno rAjA kaMsa temaja kAlI. pratIka gaNAya che. bekaAna vimAnI mathaka dvArA battamabaMga, nAganI pheNo para naTavaralAla kRSNanuM nRtya aMkita dekhAya aMgakera he Tala, samakakI heTa vagere maTI hoTalo battamache. bIjA zi9pamAM bANazaiyA para bhiSma pitAmaha temaja baMgamAM che. battamabaMgathI be mAIla dUra vATa (maMdira) hanumAnajI azoka vATikAmAM sItAjIne maLatA dekhAya che. phalAkeTa ane vATa (maMda2) kaDola AvelAM che. pitAvilA saMgrahAlaya tathA dakSe sAra maTha sAmenA saMgrahasthAnamAM mera gajamaMDapa--"hAthInI agAsI" 50 phITa pahoLI ane kalAnA ajaba namUnAo che. pAilina battamabhaMgane sauthI 1200 phITa lAMbI che. tenI dIvAlo para hAthIonA jhuMDa vadhu brahmadezI jillo che. pAlina nagaramAM vATa nema yAta hArabaMdha kaMDArelA che. khUNAmAM pAMca mAthAvALA balAha- ane vATa ratanaka phona prakhyAta che. ahIMnA duriyana azva-be dhIsatvanuM eka svarUpanuM zi95 che. temAM dhyAnamagna phaLanI gaMdha vicitra che. paNa svAdamAM te atyaMta madhura nRtya karatA ddhAnuM zi9pa-hAthamAM khaDaga ane gaLAmAM hoya che. komapega-soma samudrakinAre AveluM suMdara nagara lAMbA sapane lIdhe naTarAja zivane khyAla UbhuM kare che. che. jaLavihAra mATe te prakhyAta che. nemapenDathI dakSiNamAM gajamaMDapa pAchaLa rAjamaMDapa 2000 phITa lAMbo ane 800 180 ki. miTara dUra AveluM kepa parvata, jaMgala ane phITa pahoLo che. kabajI samrATonA asala rAjamahele ahIM dariyAno lAbha Ave che, tyAMthI dvara pAMca mAIla kehaviratAra pAmelA. "keDhI rAjA"nI agAsImAM aradhI palAMThI. aMteya nAmano TApu jaLavihAra mATe jANItuM che. 190 vALI eka paga Ubhe sukhI beThelA mUchALA rAjavInuM zi95 ki. mi. noma pahathI dakSiNamAM Avela bakora (baLadane tenI zAMti, svasthatA ane gaMbhIratAthI ApaNane prabhAvita khabhe-khUdha) suMdara jaMgala ane parvatano sumeLa sAdhe che, kare che. loko temane samrATa yazovarmana mAne che, paraMtu bAkora mahelamAM rahevA-jamavAnI sArI sagavaDa che ane tyAM tenI nIce AlekhanamAM "yamarAja" tarIke temane ulekha che. jugAra ramavA mATe paradezIo Ave che. cheka pazcimamAM tele sApa saravara ane thAIlenDanI kADiyAno sauthI moTo utsava bona loMca pradIpa vacce mera prajAsattAkano saunI mATe prAMta battama baMga bhAratanA dIpAvalInA utsava samo che. te kArtika mAsamAM Avelo che. tenuM kSetraphaLa 6984 corasa mAIla che ane ujavAya che. jyAre taratA rAjamahela sAme caMdra Uge tyAre te paMdara ji halA ane 102 gAmamAM vaheMcAyelo-vistarelo rANI naukA para seMkaDo yAnI mINabattIo cetAvatI. loko pradeza che. tenA nAma vize eka daMtakathA che. jAduI gadAdhArI nAnI heDIomAM dIvA ane khorAka mUkI taratI mUkI Jain Education Intemational on Intermational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha ( pitRone aMjali ApatA temanA pretAtmAnuM tarpaNa karatA zrI navanIta pArekhanA zabdo sAthe A bhAratIya saMskRtipAchA vaLatA. pANIno utsava pRthvI ane jaLano AbhAra vALA svataMtratA premI mera prajAsattAka kaDiyAnI saMskR tane mAnavA mATe bhavyatAthI ujavAya che. kArtikI pUrNimAne "Aje bhale a koravATa tathA ne lanA keTalAka bura DhaLI divase te ujavAya che. jaLanAnadInuM pUra osaryA pachI tene paDayA hoya, prAsAdomAM vaDa ane sImaLAnAM jhADa phaTI kAMpa phaLadrupa jamIna banAve che. bIjo mahatvano utsava nIkaLyAM heya, rAjapurohitonA maMtroccAra ane pratihArIPirogue rating naukA saMpardhAna che. 70 thI 100 naukAo nI gheSaNa baMdha thayAM hoya. Aje bhale rAjanartakInA temAM bhAga le che ane darekamAM 40 jeTalAM halesAM mAranAra nUpura tathA nAbatakhAnAnA sUrane ThekANe cAmAcIDiyAno hoya che. temaja eka viduSaka paNa moTuM citarelo hoya che. phaphaDATa tathA araNyanA vAnaronI hUkAhUka saMbhaLAtI hoya. te hAsya pradhAna gIta gAya che. naukAo rAjamahela sudhI chatAM e madira maNinA uttaga zikhara, tenI parasALanAM jAya che. dareka nakAmAM eka AgaLa netA hoya che tenA pralaMba zipa benA mukhaliMga burajo tathA bAnTazrInA hAthamAM nAnuM lAla lAkhathI raMgeluM sonerI halesuM hoya che. bhitti zi9pe. Aje ye bhavya yazI mera suvarNa yuganAM tenAthI te halesAMne tAla Ape che. AvI kamboDiyAnI cirasAkSI samAM UbhAM che. ane vIsamI sadInA "satya" mera prajA utsava premI che. ane "pragatizIla" vAmaNuM mAnavIne tenI alpatAnuM Akhare ApaNe "agatyane pagale pagale " nA lekhaka bhAna karAve che." zubhecchA pAThave che zubhecchA pAThave che. zrI karajALA kebADiyA sevA dhI keloda ke. e. malTIparapajha sahakArI maMDaLI li. saMsAyaTI lI. mu : keleda (ji. bharUca) mu : karajALA (tA. mahuvA) sthApanA tA. 31-3-1953 noMdhaNI naMbara 21,111 (ji. bhAvanagara) zerabhaMDoLa 1,06,800-00 sabhya saMkhyA 201 rIjharva phaMDa 23,265-71 rathApanA tA. 29-4-67 noMdhaNI naMbara 6846 anya phaDe 44,952-98 zera bhaMDoLa 33900 sabhya saMkhyA 87 kesarabhAI rAmajIbhAI paTela motIbhAI mohanabhAI paTela anAmana phaMDa 3820/77 maMtrI ceramena anya phaMDa 1984/89 bIna kheDUta 8 | vya. ka. sabhyo:- zrI gopALadAsa lakSamIdAsa paTela, zrI AzAanya noMdha :- khAtara biyAraNa bhAI paTela, zrI aMbAlAla lalubhAI paTela, sabhyane purupADe che. zrI bhagavAnadA bakorabhAI paTela, zrI hiMmatasiMha vijayasiMha abhesiMha rAja, ema. ema. desAI ANada jIvA tarasariyA zrI balavaMtarAya rAmazaMkara paTela zrI maMtrI pramukha zAMtilAla IzvarabhAI paTela jINuM devajI harSadakumAra aMbAlAla paTela vya. ka. sabhya sTorakIpara kheDUta Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 pAlItANAmAM yAtrikonuM atana suvidhAo sAthenuM AhAdAyaka sthAna zatruMjaya vihAra zrI sittagIrIrAjanI yAtrAe padhAratA yAtrALuonI utaravA mATenI mukhya pasaMdagI zrI zatruMjya vidAra dharmazALAmAM hovAnA kAraNomAM zetrujaya vidA2 dharmazALAnI svacchatA ane ArAma dIraka sagavaDa jevIke dareka rUmamAM palaMga, khurazIo. Tebala, sIlI maphena, TayubalAITa, lempa, nAIplempa vigere sughaDebeDIMtra, vizALa kaMpAunDa jayAM trIsa maTara pekIMga maI zake tevI sagavaDo. bALakaine ramata gamatanI sagavaDa mATe bALa kIDAgaNa jemAM julAo, cakara, lapasanIA, vigere kaMpAunDanI aMdara vizALa vAcanAlaya blokanI nutana dharmazALA, kaMpAunDamAM phalasanA jAjarUe, bAtharUmo, ane covIse kalAka pANInI sagavaDa, ulAsamaya vAtAvaraNa. yAtrALuonI sagavaDa mATe joItA vAsaNo vigere prAImasanI pInathI mAMDI jarUrI cIjo dharmazALAmAM hAjara hoya che. prAthamITha sAravAra mATe rejIdI davA, doTa veTara bega, Apasa bega, rUmamAM saDAsa javA mATe komeda, beDapAnanI suvidhAo vinaya sTApha A badhA kAraNene laIne yAtrikonuM AkarSaga rathAna zetrajya vihAra dharmazALA laI rahyuM che. A dharmazALA baMdhAvanAra dAnavire suratanA zeTha hIrAbhAI nagInadAsa jarIvAlA tathA sarasvatIbena saubhAgyacaMda cAsI tathA zeTha bA bubhAI phakIracaMda jhaverI tathA zeTha khImacaMda kalyAyANacaMda nANAvaTI A dhazALA hAla vahIvaTa karatA TuraTIo. zeTha zrI bAbubhAI hIrAbhAI jarIvAlA, zeTha zrI ratanacada bAlubhAI nANAvaTI, sarasvatIbena sobhA yacaMdra cekasI tathA zeTha zrI pAnAcaMda sAi,caMda madrAmI tathA zeTha zrI hIrubhAI jApAvALA tathA zeTha zrI saubhAMgyacaMda lAkaDAvALA saMbhALe che. je yAtrALuM ene badhumAM vadhu ArAma maLI sake tevI sagavaDatAo A dharmazALAmAM jamAnA pramANe sagavaDo ApavAnA dimAthatI che. dharmazALAmAM AvanAra jAtrALuonuM jokhama sAthavavA mATe dareka rUmamAM lekavALA raTIla kabATo rAkhela che. A dharmazALAmAM jAtrALu o taraphathI kabutarane reja savAra, bapora, jIvAra nAkhavA mATe meDena cabutaro banAvAmAM Avela che jemAM kabutarAne pANI pIvA mATe pAipalAina upara laI gayA chIe kabutare nI kApamI tIthI rU 101mAM amAre tyAM levAya che. muLa rakama kApamAM rAkhI tenA vyAja mAMthI varSo sudhI kabutarane juvAra nAkhavAnI ApojanA che. dharma zALAnI suMdarapojanAne yasa TrasTI sAhebAne phALe jAya che. zrA hAH ruma zrI naMdalAla devalukanA "gohilavADathI eziyA sudhInI asmitA" graMtha zreNInA prabaLa purUSArthane vaMdIe chIe. herI parivAranI asmitA :kanaiyAlAla jIvaNadAsa laherI , DI. ke. laherI tathA pI. DI. laherI " jIvana sevA kendra" | | lAtI-rAjulA (36 4pa60) 4 amara TreDasa-viveka' harirADa amarelI corA pA-amarelI (3646 01). laherI dinezacaMdra amRtalAla > hareza TreDarsa | talaherI zazIkAMta amRtalAla ImAratI lAkaDAnA vepArI "mAre kalAtha raTera' bIpIna kanubhAI laherI 1 Te. naM. 39 ane 89 | ja dilIpa amubhAI laherI | svasti Tepa unDasTrIjha ! -mahuvA (364290)- | busA oIla InDaTrIjha prA. lI. 5 bIna TAIsa kale varkasa (prA. lI.) | na 17 sa (mA. lA.) , naM. 316415 16, arucodaya 12, navA nAgaradAsa krosa roDa vAlIva, vALA vasaI roDa, ji. thANA a dherI (pUrva) muMbaI 400069 As. * praviNa kanubhAI laherI I.AS. DepyuTI kamIzna vaDedarA yu. ke zana vaDodarA. Dr. N. K. LAHERI 3619 GALATIN Stret APT. 922 HYATTSVILLE * Dr. H. A. LAHERI 3615 GALLATIN Street APT, 1134 MARYLAND 20782 U.S A. ImAratI lAkaDAM, vilAyatI naLIyA, la dI, rAjulA patthara, kapaDa, mIThuM, kheLa, bIDIMga maTIrIyala, eDavarTAIjhIMga Te5, tela tathA jIdagInA vimA jevI bA panI jarUrIAte mATe ame Apane upayogI thaI zakIe chIe te izvaranI asIma kRpA, Jain Education Intemational ation Intermational

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kamAla pAzAnI karmabhUmi turkI zrI kRSNavadana jeTalI bhaugolika ane sAMskRtika dRSTie tukI eziyA sauthI moTuM IstaMbula che. tukanuM pATanagara aMkArA che. ane yuropakhaMDane joDanAro setuM che. teno 97 TakA bhAga ane te vasatinI daSTie bIjA naMbare Ave che. rAjyanA eziyAmAM che ane traNa TakA bhAga yuropamAM. A traNa 99 TakA bhAganA loko muslima dharma pALe che ane rASTraTekAnA bhAgamAM AveluM tenuM IstaMbula zahera je pahelAM bhASA takIMza che. paraMtu lipi romana che. hAsya pradhAna turkI konTaTInopala tarIke oLakhAtuM te be khaMDonuM zahera birabala nasarUdina hojhAnI kathAo jagatamAM prakhyAta che. kahevAya che. teno mukhya pradeza antaliyA eja eziyA I.sa. pUrve 300 thI aneka saMskRtinA paDa ekabIjA mAInora. bAvIsa sadIothI svataMtra rIte rahelA tuke nIce dabAtAM gayAM che ane I.sa. 200 thI haNanA zAsanathI temanI AjhAdI mATe mustaphA kamAla pAzAnI (1861 mAMDI aneka zAsana bAda 1080-1308 sudhI selyukonuM 1938) saradArI taLe 1919-1922nA saMgharSamAM vijaya zAsana rathapAyuM. 1453 mAM sulatAna mahamada bIjAe pAmyA. ekaTa 2nI 29mI tArIkhe 1923mAM mukI deza konsTaTInepala jItyuM ane tenI sAthe bAIjhAnTAIna sAmrAprajAsattAka jAhera thayo ane te tArIkha temano rASTra dina jyano aMta Avyo ane eTTomana sAmrA jaya (1299che. 1973mAM tuka prajAsattAka tenI suvarNa jayaMti ujavaze. (1683) sthapAyuM. sulatAna salima ane mahAna sulemAnanA I. sa. pUrve cInAoe "tu-ki" zabdano upayoga tukI zAsanamAM A sAmrAjyano vistAra traNa khaMDamAM vista- mATe karelo. mustaphA kamAla AnA tuke tukIne Adhunika eziyA, yuropa ane AphrikAmAM -yuropamAM bageriyA, deza banAvyo ane teNe aneka krAMtikArI sudhArAo dAkhala rUmAniyA ane yugoslAviyA; eziyAmAM irAka, sigyiA, kajhI tenA prathama pramukhapadane ujALyuM. arabastAna, amaratI jiMyA ane AphrikAmAM ijipta, tukI 06 thI uttara akSAMzamAM ane 25 thI 55 TripalI, ajiyarsa yunisa ghaNe aMze A sAmrAjyano rekhAMzamAM Avelo deza che. tenI uttara sarahade kALo samudra, bhAga bhAga banyAM hatAM. uttarapUrvamAM seviyeTa raziyAne kokezasa, pUrvamAM IrAna, tukamAM varSamAM ghaNAkharA bhAgamAM 300 divasa sUrya dakSiNamAM IrAka, siriyA ane bhUmadhya samudra ane pazcime prakAza heya che. tukIne nANAkIya ekama lIrA che. ane ejiyana samudra ane grIsa tathAM uttara pazcime bageriyA tenA bhAga ekase kuruza thAya. 9 lIrA barAbara eka ameAvela che. tene kula vistAra 310,000 corasa mAIla rikana Dolara eTale lIrA bhAratanA rUpiyA samAna gaNAya. che. eziyana bhAga ane yuropIya bhAga vacce DADenasa eprIla 23 mI tukIno bAladina che. me 19mI yuvakadina mAramarAno samudra ane spesa sAmudradhunI AvyAM che. che. julAI 1 lI naukAdaLa dina che. ogasTanI 20 mI bAyabala-pavitra pustakanA navA karAramAM ullekha pAmelA 36 IjhamIramAM AMtararASTrIya meLo bharAya che. ane eka mahine bhaugolika nAmo takI dezamAMnA sthaLanAM che. 1960mAM cAle che. ogaSTa 30 mI vijaya dina che. 29 mI okaTotenI vasati 27,89,831 hatI ne have 3 karoDa upara thaI bara prajAsattAka dina ane Disembara 10 thI 17 mI sudhI haze. tenA eka lAkhathI vadhu vasati dharAvanArA 9 zaheramAM 13 mI sadInA mahAna rahasyavAdI kavi maulAnA jalAluddina Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 rUmInA mAnamAM kanyAmAM utsava thAya che. takanI manIsAmAM pramukhanA nivAsasthAna pAse che. hiTAITa saMgrahAlayamAM pedA thatI bI vinAnI sulatAnA dakSa duniyAbharamAM prakhyAta purAtatvano saMgraha che. ane I.sa. pUrve AThamI sadInI che. tukanuM rASTrIya pINu "ra kI' che ane te drAkSamAMthI hiTAITa kalAnA namUnA, tathA ge.Diyona pAse khodakAma banAvAya che. kephI paNa taka jIvanamAM agatyano bhAga karatAM maLI Avela keTalIka phijiyana kRtio che. ethanobhajave che. ane tukI" kahevata che ke "kephIno eka pyAlo grAphikala myujhiyamamAM sukI'nA lokasAhitya ane loka kalAne 40 varSa paryata maMtrI sAthe che." chozane teo ayana kahe moTI suMdara saMgraha che. aMkArA pAse AveluM gArDiyana, che. khANA bhojananI zarUAtamAM "rAkI no pyAlo barapha karyA nadI para, I.sa. pUrve 8mI sadImAM phrijiyanuM sAthe apAya che. bAkalAvA tukInI prakhyAta vAnagImAM badAma, pATanagara hatuM. akArAthI 60 ki.mi. dUra aMkArA-hennA hoya che. keTalIka vAnagInA nAmo roDa para Avelo gabbA durga hiTAITa khaDaka che, aMkArAthI vicitra heya che. jevA ke kadina budu (nArInI jAMgha) ane uttara pUrvamAM 60 ki. miTara dUra kalejikamAM keTalAka romana kadina gubegI (nArInI nANI) vajhira paramagI (vajhiranI samayanA avazeSo che. AMgaLI) duthuna, carabasI (lagnasU5) vagere. aMkArAmAM aneka Adhunika sagavaDovALI hoTala che. aMkArA 1923 nI 13 mI e kaTobare takInuM pATa. traNeka dAyakA para sthapAyelA takIza sTeTa e perAe ghaNI nagara jAhera thayuM. tyAre tenI vasati 30,000 jeTalI hatI, pragati karI che. "karima" nAmane prathama tukI e perA hAla te 7 lAkha eparAMta che. jenuM aMkArA ane navuM aMkArA adanana siMgune racyo hato. ane nevita kAMdolI racita ema zahera be vibhAgamAM vaheMcAyeluM che. aMkArAno du "vAta gedha"ne e pa2 paNa jevA jevA operA che. rAjya kyAre baMdhAye te koI jANatuM nathI. paNa te geleziyana raMgabhUmi aMkArAmAM cha nATayazALA calAve che. buyukatiyA lokoe bAMdhyo hato. ane romana yugamAM temaNe ogasTasanA (moTuM thiyeTara) kujuka tiyA (nAnuM thiyeTara), Ujanka smaraNamAM maMdira paNa bAyuM hatuM. A maMdiranI dIvAla trIju, hA tiyAsu, cenIsa hane navuM) medAna sahapara duniyAno sauthI lAMbo lekha-"e, gaTasanAM kAryo "- nenI A thiyeTaramAM tukInA temaja duniyAnAM nATako ketarAyA che. bAdazAha juliyananA mAnamAM 362 mAM Ubho bhajavAya che. karele taMbha 10 miTara UMcA che. romana bAdazAha kArakalAnA takI'nuM sauthI moTuM zahera IstAMbula I. pUrve 657mAM jamAnAmAM trIjI sadI daramiyAna baMdhAyelA ane svAthyanA grIsanI menArA lokoe temanA senApati bAyajhasanA samaraNa deva esa kulepiyarane arpaNa thayela snAnAgArano upayoga rUpe sthApyuM hatuM ane te bAyajhatI ona kahevAtuM. I. sa. 10 mI sadI sudhI thato hato. 330 mAM romana bAdazAha kansTATIna prathame tene pATanagara aMkArAmAM jovA jevI traNa moTI masjido che. rUpe pasaMda karyuM ane tenuM navuM nAma ke TIno palisa paDayuM. 1453 mAM sulatAna mahamada bIjAe tene komana (1) hAjI berAma marijada (14mI sadInI) zAsanamAM khAlasA karyuM. A zaheranI vasati hAla 15 lAkha (2) allAnahAne majida (1290) ane uparAMta che. temAM 500 majida che ane te tukIMnuM sauthI meTuM baMdara AyAtanI daSTie che. A zaherano kilo cothI (3) alAdina majida (15mI sadI) sadImAM manee baMdhAvelo. ceTIve, tokapI, ane AtA turka (turkInA pitA) kamAlapAzAnuM kIrti adinekapI tenA mahatvanA daravAjA che. I.sa. 347 mAM maMdira 1944mAM baMdhAvAnuM zarU thayuM ane tenuM bAMdhakAma keTaMTone baMdhAvela saMta sephiyAnuM devaLa AgamAM nAza 1953mAM pUruM thayuM. A kI tamaMdiramAM AtA tuka saMpra- pAmyuM. teno chaThThI sadImAM bAdazAha jariTaniyane moTA pAyA hAlaya che. temAM kamAlapAzAnI keTalIka vastuo ane tene para punaruddhAra karyo. eEmana turkInA samayamAM te majida maLela bheTa AgAdo che. kamAlapAzA je gharamAM svAtaMtryanA banyuM ane hAla temAM saMta sophiyA, sIyAsephiyA saMgrahayuddha daramyAna rahyA hatA tyAM paNa have saMgrahAlaya che. te sthAna che. beyAjina medAnamAM suMdara phuvArAvALI IstAMbula Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha vidyApITha AvelI che. duniyAmAMnI cha minArAvALI eka ja 400 miTara lAMbuM ane 120 miTara pahoLuM eka masjida, sutAna ahamadanI chalu-vAdaLI majida sattaramI lAkha prekSakone besavAnI sagavaDavALuM thaspardhAsthAna hipa sadInI ImArata che ane vAdaLI raMganI TAIlathI tenI Dema I.sa. 200mAM sepTamasa serase baMdhAveluM ane tene aMdara suzobhana thayuM che. golaDana hAne yuropiyana ItAM. konTaTIne vistRta banAveluM hatuM. atyAre temAM traNa bulane be bhAgamAM vahe ce che. uttaramAM galAnA ane perA mAM sta bho ane kuvAre avazeSa rUpe rahyA che. A uparAMta aneka ane dakSiNamAM purANA IstAMbula - besparasanI : 7 mAIla mahelo phuvArAomAM ahamada trIjAno kuvAro, mahAna kavi lAMbI sAmudradhunI dvArA kALe samudra eziyA ane yuropa tevapheka kritanA smaraNa mAM baMdhAyela eriyana saMgrahasthAna khaMDane ekabIjAthI judA pADe che. tukIMnA sauthI mahAna vagere suMdara jovA lAyaka sthaLe che. sthapati hinAne 558mAM zAhajAde masija da bAMdhI hatI bune DuMgarALa IlAko phaLa ane kApaDa udyoga te ane 4 minArA ane 10 bAhya gelerIvALI su mAni mATe jANItuM che. I. sa. pUrva trIjI saphImAM bavathiniyAnA majida tuka sthApatyanA uttama namUnA che. 7mI sadImAM rAjA siyAse basanI sthApanA karelI. uNapANInA jharabaMdhAyela yenI marajadane be minArA ane 66 ghummaTa NAnA snAnAgAra mATe tenuM paruM sikeje jANItuM che. che. bAyajhenTAIna bhUga jalAzaya sauthI moTuM che ane 13 mAM khuno kabaje eTTomAna turkoe lIdho ane temAM . 24 rabhe che. sulatAna phateha mahamada IstAMbula tene keTalAka samaya pATanagara banAvyuM; burmAnA mudanyA jItyA bADha 1453mAM payagambara mahamada sAhebanA mitra ba daramAM grIka, romana ane mAyajhaMTAIna samayanI kRtio ane ziSya eyupanA maraNamAM marijada baMdhAvI hatI. eyupa. jovA maLe che. 2500 miTaranI UMcAI vALA uluDAga eyuba 670mAM muslimoe tAMbUla kabaje karavA karelA parvata bAre mAsa pravAsIonuM AkarSaNa jamAve che. uluMyuddhamAM mRtyu pAmyA hatA. A masjidanI mulAkAta le tyAre kAmI-moTI masijada tathA lIlI majida ane lIluM marakapAse AvelA keca lekhaka "piyare metI'nA nAmanA kAphemAM kIrti maMdira tathA oTTomana sAmrAjayanA sthApaka oramAna jaI geDana hananuM suMdara dazya jovAnuM bhUlaze nahi. gAjhInI ArAmagAha-kabara-vagere jovA burmAne pravAsa jarUrI che. burlA zaheranI vasati jaNa lAkha jeTalI che. ItAMbulanI eka sauthI prabhAvazAthI ImArata 1853mAM canakkano IlAle tenI bhaugolika sthiti mATe agasulatAna ahRdulamajide baMdhAvela damabAje mahela che. A tyane che. teno moTo bhAga eziyAnA AMtaliyana kinAre mahelamAM ja Adhunika takanA sthApaka mustaphA kamAlapAzAnuM Avela che ane thoDo bhAga yuropamAM uttaramAM ImarAjha 1938mAM avasAna thayuM. kapAlI carasI (DhAMkaNa chApuM bajAra) TApu ane dakSiNamAM bekADA TApu sRSTi sauMdarya ane drAkSagalIo, kamAna, ghummaTo ane chAparAvALuM nArnA zahera jevuM prakhyAta bajAra che. temAM judI judI galIomAM judI madirA mATe jANItA che. canakale nagaranI AsapAsano judI aneka vastuonI dukAna che. vacamAM moTo khaMDa bhAga Troya nagaranA prAcIna rAjA dArtAnasanA nAma parathI dardonasa tarIke oLakhAya che. mahAna grIka kavi hamaranA bebhestAna che. mahAkAvya amara banAvela Trepanagara canakkathI 30 ki. te pakaDI mahela saMgrahAlaya e 1857thI 19mI sadI miTara dUra hatuM ane tenA avaze ane tenuM saMgrahasthAna jovA jevAM sthAna che. A sudhImAM judA judA sultAnanI dhUna pramANe baMdhAvela maTI sthaLa hisaliMkamAM che. nAnI ImAratono samUha che. 1924mAM teno upayoga ane ahIM saMskRtinA nava staro khodI kADhavAmAM AvyAM sutAnenI mulyavAna kalA kArIgarInI vastuonA saMgraha che belayiramAM sulemAnapAzA ane kavi namika kamAmATe saMgrahAlaya rUpe thayo. teno jhaverAtano saMgraha benamUna lanI kabaro mA~ nAma pAse TekarI para zaMku AkAranA che. hastalikhita graMtha, nAnA jhINavaTabharyA minayecara citro, chokarAvALuM 8-9 ! varala binacepa vi chAparAvALuM 4-70 miTara UMcuM tukI sinikanuM samAraka che bharatakAma vagere bAdazAhI bhapakA ane zokhanA uttama namUnA ijhamira--januM samarTanA-tukInI nikAsa mATenuM prathama pUrA pADe che. naMbaranuM ane AyAta mATe IstaMbulathI bIjA naMbaranuM Jain Education Intemational ation Intermational

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870 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 baMdara che. tenI vasati cAra lAkha uparAMta che. amerikAnI pravezadvAra pAse baMne bAju leTina ane grIkamAM selasasanI sIgAreTamAM takI tamAku bheLavavAmAM Ave che ane amerikA kArakIrdi varNavatA lekho che. pustakAlaya sAme Arasa zerInA IjhamirathI tukIya tamAkunI moTA pramANamAM AyAta kare che. khUNe vidvAnonA pravacano mATe tAlaya hatuM. IjiptanI grIka mahAkavi homara A zaheramAM rahyo hato. tene prAcIna serApisa devInuM maMdira 50 phUTa UMcA ekaja paththaranA 8 agarA bhAga Aje namAjhagAha tarIke oLakhAya che. ane A rasa stabha dharAvatuM hatuM. pUrvamAM bIjI sadImAM baMdhAtemAM IjhamiranuM bajAra -mArkeTa che. bIjI sadInA remana yelI kanyA vyAyAma zALA che, sAta sutelAnI guphAmAM avaze ahIM che. mahAna sikaMdaranA senApati ane anu. sAta khristIo ane temane kutare phesiyasanA jamAnAmAM mI lAIsimekase baMdhAvela purANuM mAunTapegasa para hAla (250-253) julamathI nAsI jaI 200 varSa sUI rahyA makhamala duga nAme oLakhAya che. tyAMthI ijhamiranuM dazya hatA. jAgIne teo bajAramAM purANA sikakAthI kharIda karavA manahara lAge che. oTTomana sukI sthApatya kalAnA sArA gayA. eTale e LakhAI gayA ane temane bAdazAha samakSa namUnArUpa pUrvathI AvatI vaNajAro kAravAM mATe be kAravAM rajU karavAmAM AvyA. temanA mRtyu bAda temane guphAmAM ja sarAI 18mI sadImAM baMdhAyelI ahIM UbhI che (1) kiMjhavara daphanAvI tyAM maMdira UbhuM karAyuM agAsI hatI ane (2) cakalevu hatI hisAra kAmima ijhamirathI 70 mAIla dUra etihAsika paragAmuLa (1597) sadaravAna kAmima (1636) hAjI husena kAmima (1651) kemarahatI kAmima (1971) oTTomana sthApatyanA (bamAM )nA samArako ane tenuM ekropolisa AvelAM che. suMdara namUnArUpa masijado che, dara varSe IjhamiramAM AMtara paththarayugathI kAMsAyuga sudhInI saMskRtinAM paDo ahI jAmelAM rASTrIya vepAra meLo bharAya che. che. A sthaLe 500 pustaka lakhanAra prasiddha vaidya gelana raheto hato. ahIMnA pustakAlayamAM be lAkha hastalikhita IjhamirathI dakSiNe 50 mAIla dUra prAcIna nagara vI TelI paTIo hatI. romana bAdazAha mArka enTanIe IphesasanA avazeSo AvelA che. prAcIna kALamAM A ijiptanI tenI priyA kilaopeTrAne ahIMnA jJAnabhaMDAranI prakhyAta nagara hatuM. saMta jahonanI kabara para baMdhAveluM bheTa ApI hatI. ethenA Tripalasa ane nisAsanA devaLa ahIM che. madhyakALamAM evI mAnyatA hatI ke kabara maMdire, jhiyasa devanI vedI de dAna-yuddhanI jagyA vagere mAMthI badhA rogo dUra karanAra raja Ave che ane tethI ' raja Ave che te jovA lAyaka sthaLa che. ahIMnI dhULa pavitra ane camatkArika manAtI. ArTimisa anatAliyAnuM eka sauthI moTuM ane mahatvanuM aiti. (DAyano)nuM maMdira emAjhenoe baMdhAveluM hatuM. jyAre hAsika nagara sijhariyAnA sthaLe kayari baMdhAyuM che. sukI I.sa. pUrve 356mAM mahAna sikaMdarano janma thayo tyAre selyuka sthApatya ane alaMkArika kalAnA atyaMta suMdara namUnA pAgala hiro-se tene bALI nAMkhyuM. alAdAgha (mAunTa hajuye A nagaramAM avazeSa rUpe sArI rIte sacavAyelA che. semisesa) para kumArI merInuM ghara che ane tenI pAse kayari samArakonuM-kIrti maMdironuM nagara che. prAcIna samacethI sadInuM devaLa che. temAM 15 mI ogasTa pachInA ravi- yamAM ke kAvADAsiyAnA pATanagara tarIke majhAkA athavA vAre dara varSe dhArmika vidhi thAya che. meTo raMgamaMca bIjI yuselA tarIke oLakhAtuM. khristI dharme kayeserimAM vahe sadImAM baMdhAyo hato temAM traNa mALa hatA. 24500 praveza karyo. prathama sadImAM selyuka turkonA zAsana daramiyAna prekSakone besavA 66 beThaka hAra hatI ane raMgamaMcathI 98 A zahera AbAdInA zikhara pahoMcyuM hatuM. tenA duzane phaTa U e gelerI hatI. kesesa daravAjAthI uttaramAM mega- pAyo ja sTI niyAnasanA samayamAM (527-565)nA samaneziyA daravAjA sudhInI zerI ArasapahANunI zerI kaheya yamAM nakhAyo hato, paraMtu samagra duga sezyaka kRti che. che. temAM gaMdA pANInA nikAla mATe khALenI vyavasthA temAM 15mI sadI sudhI guna bakaM minAre, tI ra-khANuhatI. selasasanA bIjI sadImAM baMdhAyelA pustakAlayanI saMgrahAlaya vagere judA judA zAsakee bAMdhyA che. AkhA UMcAI para 5 phUTa hatI ane temAM pustaka rAkhavA Arasa- anaMtaliyAmAM tuka selyuka sthApatyakalAnA eka bhavya pahANunI chAjalIo ane gokhalA hatA. A pustakAlayanA namUnArUpa gaNAtuM. henata hAtuna madresA vAsuddina ke huza

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 871 reva bIjAnI mAtA henAta hAtune 17mI sadImAM baMdhAveluM majida paNa jANItA vakI sthapati sinAnanI oTTomana che, temAM majida ane mahApa ThazALA (koleja) saMgraha-sthApatya kalAnI kRti che. sthAna tarIke vaparAya che. dunara kubeta athavA pharatuM kIrti suejha nahera baMdhAI te pahelA IrAna ane bhArata maMdira talAsanA raste Avela kabarastAnamAM che. ane tene sAthenA bhUmi vepAranuM mukhya mathaka Ikerana (elekajhADekA) sAhacihana hAtune aNajANa selyuka rAjakuMvarI mATe baMdhA hatuM. pUrvamAM bhUmadhyanA kinArA pAse te AveluM che. hataya vela hatuM. te selyuka kalAne utkRSTa namUno che. prakhyAta athavA aMtakathA-prAcIna eni-eka khristI dharmanA Itituka sthapati sinAne 1580mAM kuTuMllu masjida bAMdhI hAsamAM agatyanuM saraLa che. enTikamAM prathama khristI tenI bAMdhelI IstaMbulanI sulemAnine masijada jevI suMdara devaLa vikayuM. Isu khristanA celAo- ziSyae romana kalA ahIM paNa pradarzita karI che ane te jenArane Azcarya Alamane dharmathI jItavA jatAM pahelAM ahIM prathama sabhA cakita kare che. saMta piTaranA groTomAM bharI hatI. saMta piTana greTa prathama khristI devaLa dharAve che. ane Isu khristanA anuyAyIone navasahira IlAkAmAM uNuM vanagara pAse pazcimamAM Avela "khristInI" nAma prathama vakhata ahIM prApta thayuM. aMtagaureme khINa jANe pakRti ane mAnavane suMdara samanvaya kyAthI 8 kilomiTara dUra Avela dAphane (hirabiye) mana sAdhe che. tene ekeeka khaDaka Azraya, kabara ke rakSita sthaLa yugathI cAlI AvavuM grISma vihArasthAna che. aMtaLyAnA sAme che. ahIM agAu 1000 varSa uparAMta mANasoe saMgrahAlayamAM duniyAno sauthI mUlyavAna romana mojheIkane guphAo kotarI kADhI hatI. temAM vicitra zaMku AkAranA saMgraha che. saMta piTaranA groTono mulAkAte junanI 29mI pirAmiDa samA, minArAo jevA khaDako che. 365 jeTalA tArIkhe saMta piTaranA dine duniyAbharanA khristI yAtrIo guphA jevA maMdira-devaLe ahIM che. sauthI nAnuM sapharajana Ave che. tyAMthI thoDe dUra seviphAne bAtha-snAnagRha che, vALuM devaLa elamali kilise pUrNa paNe zaNagAreluM che, paNa ane te pAse 16mI sadInI pANInI naLIo che. aMtayAnA tyAM khaDakamAM khodelA kuvA mAraphata muzkelIthI javAya aMdhAru saMgrahAlayamAM cAra Rtuo cAra khUNe me jheIkamAM citrita devaLa karanalika kilisamAM muzkelIthI peTe cAlI aDadhA aMdhA che. temanI vacce grIka nATayakAra yuripiDisanI karuNikAonA rAmAM jaIe tyAre kRtrima prakAzamAM temAMnI citrakalA joI citra che. vaccenI citrapaTTImAM enDromekA ane tene putra zakAya che. kAlI kilise sauthI moTuM devaLa che ane temAM ayana civita che. varuNadeva zenasa ane tenI patnI divAla citro sArI rIte sacavAyAM che. temAM be devadUto TisanuM citra vagere aneka suMdara majheIka Alekhano che. vacce gAdIe beselA Isu khristanuM moTuM citra che. konyA madhya aliyAno sauthI moTo IlAka-prAMta takInuM cothA naMbaranuM sauthI moTuM zahera ana e che. kanyA zahera grIka bhASAmAM te Ikoniyama pratimAvALuM nAmanA IlAkAmAM bhUmadhya samudranA kinArAthI 40 kilomiTara zahera kahevAtuM. selyuka sAmrAjyamAM kanyA pATanagara hatuM. dUra AveluM che. kapAsa rU ane tenI bIjI pedAza kApaDa jyupiTara ane DAyenAnA putra parasiyase rAkSasI methu sAnuM vagereno 3/poNabhAga nikAza thAya che. tenI vasatI aDhI mastaka kApIne eka rataMbha para ahIM laTakAvyuM hatuM. saMta, lAkha uparAMta che. bIjI sadImAM romana bAdazAha heDrI ane pile zahIka saMta thekalAne ahIM jAte khristI dharma zIkhavyo sehAna nadI para bAMdhelo 310 miTara lAMbo 21 kamAna- hato. rahasyavAdI 'tanavI" ane "divAne-kabIra'nA mahAna vALo pUla hajI 19 kamAne sAthe khaDo che. 1507mAM rAjA kavi jalAluddIna rumInuM kIrti madira ahIM che. hajAro. habiba be e baMdhAvela ulukAmI mATI masjida adananuM loko tenA darzane Ave che. renoDa ane nikolasane che sauthI noMdhapAtra ane sArI rIte sacavAyeluM smAraka che. graMthomAM tenA kAvyono aMgrejI anuvAda karyo che. dara varSe tenI daravAjA ane bArIo paranI kamAna bhaumitika suMdara kavinI vyAkhyAnamALA ye jAya che. ane evI saMgIta AkRtiothI alakRta che. daravAjA parano minAro khAsa ane nRtya thAya che. A smAraka IslAmI kalAnuM saMgrahAdhyAna khece tevo che. yAga majida pAchaLanI hasana kezudA laya che ane temAM 700 varSa purANuM suMdara gAlIcA che. Jain Education Intemational

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872 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 jalAluddInanA pitAnuM smAraka suMdara kASTa kotaraNIthI hAlanuM mare. A saMta garIba kuMvArI kanyAonA AzrayadAtA vibhUSita che. gaNAtA kAraNa temane te lagnamAM sArI daheja maLe te jotAM. te khalAsIone havAmAna vize sArI salAha ApatA tethI bIjanA caMdra jevA AkArano bhUmadhya samudra pAse khalAsIonA paNa AzrayadAtA gaNAya che. cAMciyA paNa vistarelo traNa mAIlane aMtAliyA pradeza aneka vividha temane mAnapUrvaka jetA. demamAM navuM baMdhAveluM saMta nikorasika lakSaNothI bharapUra che. tenI uttare narasa parvata che. lAsanuM devaLa che. tenI khINamAM nAraMgI ane keLAM thAya che. A pradezamAMnI nadI A paNI najara samakSa bhUmimAM adRzya thAya che ane aMtaliyAthI pUrvamAM 50 mAIla dUra sAIDa (limiyA) dasa mAIla dUra bhayaMkara avAja ane phINa sAthe phUTI nIkaLe nagara AveluM che. junI aMtAliyana bolImAM teno artha che. kavi hamaranA IliyaDanA nAyakanA bhAla thI ghavAyela salA dADama thAya che ahIM 25000 beThakavALuM thiyeTara che. pUrvamAM maMdiranA mukhamAMthI agnijavALAo bhUgarbha gesane kAraNe nIkaLe pa mAIla AgaLa jatAM mAnavaghaTane dhadha Avela che. te che ane keI temAM zikArane zekI bhUMjI zake. 2000 varSa agAu mAnavaghaTa nagarathI uttare traNa mAIla dUra che. aMtAliyAthI baMdhAyela pUlanI 40 kamAne haju hayAta che ane prAcIna 140 ki. miTara dUra pUrvamAM prAcIna kokesana nagara-hAlanuM kALanA zilAlekho haju keI niSNAta ukelI zakyo nathI. AkarSaka alAnyAM AveluM che. teno kijhila kule (lAla prAcIna raMga bhU ma epeDosamAM beThaka meLavI nATaka jevAne minAro) 122pamAM alAdina kebAne baMdhAvela hatuM. AnaMda mANI zakAya che. aMtAliyAne prAMta prAcIna kALamAM tenI pAse 700 varSano purANo selyuka samayane jahAjapAphiliyA nAme oLakhAto ane A pAiilayAnA vADo che. hAla paNa temAM jahAjanuM bAMdhakAma cAle che. prAcIna nagara attalaMbAnA sthaLe aMtAliyA zahera baMdhAyeluM ahIM AvelI damalatasanI guphAnI havA dama maTADe che. che. tenI vasati 1500 che. tenuM nAma rAjA attalasa bIjA (150-138 I. pU.) parathI paDyuM che. khritI sa te pila- manisa-prAcIna megnesiyA 1398mAM e dromana pradebanalisa ane mAkera eziyA ma InaramAM khristI dharma zamAM bheLavIyuM. temAM killo ane purAtatva saMgrahAlaya ke cAra mATe atAliyAne kendra banAvyuM hatuM. pUrva bAju jevAM jevAM che. thoDe dUra meTA khaDakamAMthI hiTTAITanI I.sa. 130mAM bAdazAha her3IananI-mulAkAtanA maraNamAM lahamIdevInI pratimAM kaMDArelI che. ane prAcIna liDiyana 8 miTara UMco be minArAvALo daravAjo che, khristI devaLanuM rAmyanA pATanagara sardisanA avaze ane patharanI raDatI marijadamAM rUpAMtara karI selyuka rAjA alAuddana kekubAde sannArI nie benA darzana thAya che. (1219-1239) yivali minAre caNAvyo che. te zaheranA dareka bhArAmAMthI joI zakAya che. temAM vAdaLI paththaranI I. sa. pUrve selyusiyana rAjA enTIokase (bI) bhAta racavAmAM AvI che. hAla teno saMgrahAlaya tarIke tenI patnInA nAma parathI oLakhAveluM lAeDisiyA hAla ucoga thAya che. mahAna selyuka vajhira karIye baMdhA DenijhalI nAme oLakhAya che. 1428mAM oTTomana turkoe vela marajIda (1250)ne daravAjo ane "miharAva" tene jItI lIdhuM hatuM. DenijhalInI pUrvamAM 6 kilomiTara kalAtmaka rIte zaNagArela che. aMtAliyAthI 12 kilomiTara dvara prAcIna lAoDisiyAnA avazeSamAM pANInI vyavasthA ja mA dUra AvelA prAcIna parjamAM 27000 prekSako besI zake raMgamaMce, ane killo che. DenijhalIthI 22 kilomiTara tevuM moTuM sTeDiyama che. dUra uttare Avela pamukale (hAyarA pikikale )TenijhalInA pratIka samuM che. ahIM kSAra-khanIja yukata pANIe racela duniyAnA aneka bhAgamAM nAtAlanA sAMtA kalojha agAzI rUpaDI TrevaraTino prakRtinI eka ajAyabI che. tarIke bALakone bheTa ApatA sAcA saMta nikolAsa cothI sadImAM pAmphiliyA- hAlanuM aMtAliyAmAM rahetA hatA. sukI kALA samudranA kinArAnA kendrasthAne Avela temane janma patara-hAlanuM vAgelamisamAM thayo hato. samasananI tamAku duniyAnI zreSTha tamAku che. kamAla AtA | maryAnA pAdarI-dharma guru hatA maryA eTale tarka InDebalathI 1919nA menI 19mIe ahIM svAtaMtrya Jain Education Intenational

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smRti sa'da' graMtha A yuddhanA TharAva karI tenA AraMbha karavA AvyA hatA. divasa dara varSe yuvakadina tarIke ujavAya che. ahIMnA jAhera udyAnamAM AtA turka kamAlapAzAnI gheADeasvAra pratimA A aitihAsika prasa ganA smArakamAM mUkAI che. AtAturka kamAlapAzAe tukI ne eka pachAta dezamAMthI Adhunika pratikAraka deza banAvavA je mahAna krAMtikArI sudhArA dAkhala karyo ane tenA amala karyo tethI dezanI pragati khUba jhaDapI banI. teNe musalamAnI pezAka ane phaijha TopIne vidAya ApI yuropiyana pozAka dAkhala karyAM. tukI bhASAnI lipi saraLa karavA romana lipi apanAvI. dezabharamAM nirakSaratA nivAraNunI jhuMbeza upADI. srIone murakhA phagAvI jAheramAM kAma karatI svataMtra nArIe 873 anAvI. tukI mAMthI sultAnanI rAjAzAhI dUra karI leAkazAhI rAjya sthApyu. teNe padara varSanA zAsanamAM tuInI sUrata palaTI nAMkhI ane tethI ja te AtAtuka eTale turkInA pitAnuM biruda pAmyA che. Aje tukI tenI AjhAdI ane leAkazAhInA 50 varSa bAda eka eziyAI deza hovA chatAM yuropanA pragativAdI dezeAnI harALamAM che. temAM vimAnI sevAo, meATA udyAge, sukhasagavaDavALI Adhunika hoTale che ane saMskRtinA kSetramAM paNa te deza pragati karI rahyo che. tenA sadgata sAmyavAdI kavi nAjhIma hikamate AMtara rASTrIya khyAti meLavI che. gujarAtImAM A kavinA paricaya Apa| kRSNavadana jeTalInA lekha 'navacetana 'mAM pragaTa thayA hatA. bhAratabharamAM eka ane ajoDa jaina strI zikSaNa saMsthA zrI sidhdhakSetra zrAvikAzrama-pAlitANA. ( saurASTra. ) AjathI pacAsa varSa pahelAM jaina samAjamAM vidhavA ane tyakatA baheneAnI karUNa sthiti tathA jJAnadazA joI strI-zikSaNanI jarUriyAta jaNAtAM zrI unnatinA suvicArothI prerAine pAlitANA nizvasI zrI harakArabena meAhanala la tathA bhAvanagara nivAsI zrI surajabena narottamadAsa bhANajIbhAInA suprayatnethI sa. 1980nA vaizAkha suda-3 ajJAta yA tA. 7-9-1924ne budhavAranA zubha dine taryAdhirAja zrI zatruMjaya girirAjanI pavitra chatrachAyAmAM A saMsthA khullI mukavAmAM AvI. * pAMca mahetAnI nAnakaDI saMkhyA, nAnakaDuM' evuM bhADutI makAna ane TUMkA evA bhaMDALathI zarU thayelI A sasthA Aje vizALa vaTavRkSa banI nAnI-meTI 250 khaDenenu' zikSaNu ane saMskAradhAma khUnI rahI che. vidhavA, tyakatA ane nirAdhAra bahenane AzIrvAdarUpa bananArI ane bALAgAne dharma-saskAramaya sU dara jIvanaghaDatara karanArI A saMsthAe kuMDanA * bhAve vacce ghaNA kaparA kALa joye, paNa A saMsthAne bahene mATenuM kalpavRkSa mAnIne roDa zrI jIvatalAla pratApa zIbhAIe tenuM sukAna hAthamAM laI ane kA bhAra upADI lIdhA ane te zrItA athAga parizramathI sasthA Aje pragatinA zikharI sara karI rahI che. sasthAnA sarvAMgI vikAsa mATe baheneAnI eka kimiTa paNa kA karI rahela che. samAjane A 'sthA keTalI upayegI che te jANavA maTe tenAM jIvaMta pariNAme menUda che. A saMsthAmAM zikSar, saMskAra pAmIne Aja sudhImAM keTIe bhAgyazALA khaDuMnee parama pavitra bhAgavatI pratrajayA agikAra karI jIvana dhanya karavA sAthe sa sthAnu nAtha dazana ka' che. temaja sekaDA baheneA gujarAta, kaccha, saurASTra, mahArASTra, mAravADa, madhya bhArata Adi pradezomAM dhArmika pATheza LAo calAvI samAjanA hunnarA bALakAnI kathaLI rahelI dhArmika vRttine sateja karI sa`skAra ghaDataratuM atyuttama kArya karI rahela che. taduparAMta hajArA baheneAe A sasthAnA lAbha laI potAnA jIvanane adamaya banAvI saMsthAnuM gaurava vadhAyu che. A saMsthAmAM bahenA ane bALAone zuddha ane sAtvika khAna-pana ane rahevAnIM samavaDa ApavA sAthe temane dhArmika temaja vyavahArika zikSagunI, bharata-gUMthaNu ane sIva kAmanA DIlamA krAnI, sa`gitanI, s, s, c, (meTrika) krAsanI, hindInA abhyAsanI evI dareka prakAranI sagavaDatA saMsthA taraphathI ApavAmAM Ave che. [anusadhAna pAtu 873]

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874 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 prabhu prArthanA, vrata paMkhA , jina pUjA, sAmAjika, parvatAthie pratika maNa Adi mAM ne kAraNe bahenAnuM dhana saMskAramaya suMdara ghaDatara thAya che. prativarSa paryuSaNu mahAparvamAM bahene anerA ulad, sathI karmonI nirja karanArI aThThAI tapathI mAMDIne mAsakSama sudhInI utkRSTa tapazcaryA kare che. zra vikAzrama saMsthA kharekhara Aje te jana samAjanI moMghI maDI che. nirAdhAra vidhavA bahenone visAmo che, svajanothI tarachoDAyela tyakatA baheno zradheya zvAsa che, sadhavA bahenonuM saMskAradhAma che, kumArikA baheno mATe saphaLa jIvana jIvavA mATenI prayogazALA che. zrAvikAzrama samAjanI saMtapta bahene mATe eka mAtra AdhAra che. ni:svArtha sevAnA udezathI zra vikAza chelA pAMca dAyaka thI A kArya vyavasthitapaNe kare che. A kAryane, A pravRttine, A sevAya te prajavalita rAkhavA mATe saMsthAne prativarSa aDhI lAkha rUpiyA kharca Ave che. dinapratidina vadhatI me ghavArIthI A khayanA AMkaDA vadhatA ja jAya che. kharcanI sAme dAnanA AMkaDA vAmaNA heya che, nAnA hoya che. AthI ja pUjaya AcArya bhagavaMta, pUjaya padastha muni bhagavate ane pUjya zAvIjI mahArAje temaja caturvidha zrI sa che ane samAjanA dAnavIrene A sasthAne udAraDI 2haya ApI saMskAra ghaDataranA A vArasAne jALavI rAkhavA amo namra apIla karIe chIe, A saMsthAnuM vizALa adyatana makAna AjathI sAteka varSa pahelA agiyAra lAkhanA kharce taLeTI roDa pAse bAMdhavAmAM AvyuM che. amo sama jane namra apIla karIe chIe ke pAlitANA 5dha che tyAre jarUra mAM sthAnI mulAkAta leze ane saMsthAne tana, mana, dhanathI sahAya, sahakAra ane mArgadarzana ApI AbhArI karaze. A saMsthA rajIsTara thayelI che ane saMsthAne inakamaTekSa ekajhampana sarTiphikeTa maLela che jethI dAnamAM apAtI rakama upara InkamaTekSa lAgatuM nathI mATe Apa Aje ja 10 001 ApI eka bahenanA zikSadAtA (skela) bane. 501 a. pI sAdA bhojananI eka TaMkanI kAyamI tIthi nAMdhAve. 2501 ApI eka bahenanA AzrayadAtA bane. 251 ApI dUdha-nAstAnI kAyamI tIthi ne ddhA. 2001 ApI peTrana bane. jemAM bahenone pheTa mukAya che. 251 ApI baporanA nAstAnI kAyamI tathi nedhA. 1001 ApI prathamavargane Aivana sabhya bane. 301 ApI eka TaMkanuM misTAna bhejana Ape. 501 ApI bIjA varganA AjIvana sabhya bane. 101 A pI eka raMka savArane dU-nAsta Ape. 1001 ApI miSTa e jananI eka TaMkanI kAyamI tathi nedhA. 51 ApI eka TakA ane nAsta Ape. noMdha :- saM. 2030 sudhI saMsthAnA sikSa cudAtA (oNlara) thanArane rUA. 7501 levAze. tyArabAda niyata thayelA rUA. 10,001 nI rakama levAmAM Avaze. nivedaka :zrI dharamazIbhAI jAdavajIbhAI virA sthAnika sekreTarI, zrI sidhakSetra zrAvikAzrama-pAlitANA zrI sidhakSetra vikAzrama, pAlitANA, (saurASTra) Apane phALo A saranAme mokale zeThathI chavalAla pratApazIbhAI * kapanA ', traNa baMgalA, sahakAra niketana sosayaTI sAme, navaraMga purA. amadAvAda-9 zeThazrI jIvatalAla pratApazIbhAI 97, nyu sToka ekasaceja biDIMga, epolo raTrITa, pheTa, muMbaI-1 Jain Education Intemational

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hioMgakoMga zrI kRSNavadana jeTalI duniyAnA koI paNa pradeza karatAM hoMgakoMga pravAsIone 18 DolarathI zarU thAya che. vidyArthIonA zikSaNa mATe dara corasa mAile vadhu da, vadhu avAja sUro ane vadhu dararojanA be pramANe navA vargo zALAomAM baMdhAyA. prasaMge pUrAM pADe che. hoMgakoMga pravAsI mAhitI khAtAe 1971mAM badhI zikSaNika saMsthAnA vidyAthI" enI kula saMkhyA hoMgakoMgamAM mANavAnI ane karavAnI yAdImAM 70 kAryakrame 12,40,540 jeTalI hatI. tyAM prAthamika zALAmAM dara sUcavyAM che. cInanI dakSiNe samudrane pUrva kinAre AveluM varSe zaheramAM vidyAthInI phI 10 Dolara ane navA vistAhoMgakoMga 400 corasa mAIla karatAMye ocho vistAra dharAve ramAM 10 Dolara che. hoMgakoMgamAM 399 zAkhAo dharAvatI che. ane tenI vasati lagabhaga cAlIsa lAkha jeTalI che. doDhase 70 jeTalI beMke che. lokone pIvAnA pANIno prazna uke. varSa pUrve hoMgakoMga ane kavaluna mAchImAronI vasAhato havA 1974thI dararoja 2 karoDa gelana samudranuM khArUM hatAM. Aje hoMgakoMga duniyAnuM moTuM ane suMdara baMdara pANI mIThuM banAvavAnA yaMtre kAma karatAM thaI jaze. dara che. dara varSe tyAM 7000 jeTalAM samudravAhane 2 karoDa ane varSe moTaragADInA mAlIkonI saMkhyAmAM 15 TakAno vadhAro 30 Tanano mAla laI jAya che ane lAve che ane 24000 thAya che te tenA UMcA jIvana dhAraNunuM pratibiMba che. jeTalAM musApharo hoMgakoMga samudra mAge Ave che. aThavA- chellAM soLa varSamAM zAkabhAjI, phUlo vAvavAM ugADavAnAMDiyAmAM 400 jeTalAM vimAne tenA vimAnaghare AvajA kSetramAM 2,250 ekarathI vadhI 97,60 ekaranI jamIna thaI kare che, ane vimAnamAge 23 lAkha jeTalA musAphare che. 50,000 mAchImAro 6200 naukAono upayoga kare Avana-jAvana kare che. chellAM dasa varSamAM hoMgakoMge tenA che. ane temAM 5000 jeTalI nokA yAMtrika sAdhanothI mAlanI nikAsa dasagaNI vadhArI dIdhI che. hoMgakoMganI sajaja che. Ama jIvananI dareka bAjue hoMgakoMge haraNa vasatimAM 98 Tako cInAo che. dara varSe 13 jeTalAM cInI phALa bharI pragati sAdhI mAchImAronI vasAhatomAMthI sauthI tahevAronA moTA utsavo ujavAya che. hoMgakoMgamAM rejInA Adhunika sukhasagavaDa udyogothI sabhara pradeza banAvyo che. dara sauthI UMcA ane jApAnanA karatAM bIje naMbare che ane samadrane pUrIne navI jamIna para tene vistAra vadhI rahyo tyAM duniyAmAM sauthI ochI piNAcAra TakA jeTalI bekArI che. che. 1970mAM 1960 karatAM traNagaNu au kArakhAnAM ovo hoMgakegano vikAsa sAhasika briTiza vepArIonA gika kSetre vadhyAM ane te 17,239 kArakhAnAmAM 5,89, nizcayathI thayo che. temane 19mI sadImAM cIna sAthe vepAra 505 kAmadAre 2jI meLavatAM ane ghAgika vastuonI karavA eka mathakanI jarUra hatI. 1842nA ogasTanI nAnDIga nikAsa 2.868 miliyana (dasa lAkha) DolaranI 1960mAM sadhI dvArA 1839-1942nA briTiza-cIna yuddhane ane hatI. te 1970mAM 12,347 miliyana DolaranI thaI. 1960 hoMgakoMgano kabajo briTizarone maLe 1860mAM bIjA mAM be kAnA bacata khAtAmAM 537 miliyana Dolara jamAM briTiza-cInI yuddhane ane tenA vistAramAM 29 corasa hatAM. tyAre 1970mAM te vadhIne 4,222 miliyana Dolara mAIla vadhyA. cInI loko moTA pramANamAM hoMgakoMgamAM thayA. AvA jhaDapathI AgaLa vadhatA nAnA pradezamAMthI ApaNe AvI vasavA lAgyA ane hoMgakoMganI ujajaDa jamIna preraNA meLavIe. enA saudaryadhAma vagerene jotAM pahelAM hariyALI ane phaLapa banI. atyAre hoMgakoMgamAM dara corasa ApaNe tenA sauthI moTA cha utsava viSe thoDuMka jANIe mAIle 3 lAkha mANasa vase che. ATalI vasatinI gIcatA lagabhaga phebruArI mAsamAM cInI nUtana varSa utsava eziyAmAM apUrva che. AthI vasavATa mATe 16 mALanA Ave che. te pahelAM paMdara divasa sudhI ujavAto. paraMtu have UMcA makAne banAvAyAM che. ane vasavATanuM bhADuM mAsika traNathI pAMca divasa ujavAya che. A utsavamAM bhArata jema Jain Education Intemational

Page #881
876 junA vaSa~nA aMta pahelAM badhu... devuM cUkavI devAnA rivAja che. dareka gharamAM eka navA phUlacheADa ane vRkSa rApAya che. lAlaraMganA parabIDIAmAM khALakane eANI, lakI nazIbadAra dhanaH apAya che, ane bheTAnI Apale thAya che. ane 'sAlamukhAraka'jema dareka jaNa "kuMga huM phAta cAya" zabdothI eka bIjAne zubhecchA darzAve che. vividha prakAranA ane AkAranA phAnasa-dIpakAthI rAzanI karavA sAthe jUnA varSanA aMta Ave che. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 kare che. tema kuMvArakA utsava ujavAya che. ane te divase apariNita kanyAe khetArA devAne temane gamatA pati maLe mATe bheTa-naivedya dharAve che. dareka gharamAM A dhArmika kriyA thAya che. me mahinAnA AraMbhamAM hAu utsava Ave che ane hAMgakoMganA mAchImAronI AzrayadAtA samudradevI teAna hAunA mAnamAM 20 phUTa UMcI kamAneA dhajApatAkA vagerethI zaNagArI hajArA mAchImArI madire laI jAya che, ane tyAM devIne DukkarA rAMdhIne bheTa caDAvAya che. josa hAusa e pAse siMhu nRtyA thAya che ane A badhuM jovA mATe hoMgakoMga ane yaumatI (nAkAvihAra ) pherI kapanI taraphathI khAsa nAkA yAtrAe ceAjAya che. A utsavA uparAMta bIjA keTalAMka utsava paNa jANavA jevAM che. ci'gami'ga utsavamAM leAkeA pUrvajonI pitRonI kare jaI para'parAgata vidhi kare che. A utsava mATe keAvalUna kenTAna relave khAsa TreneA doDAve che. buddha jayaMtine dine buddhanI pratimAne maMdiramAM snAna karAvAya che. ane peA lIna vihAra ane bIjA lAna TAu TApunA vihAramAM leAkeA darzane jAya che. mahAna sthapati vizvakarmAM lu pAnanA mAnamAM khAMdhakAmanA dhadhA sAthe sa'kaLAyelA tahevAra ujavIne te divase keneDI TAunamAM AvelA lupAna maMdire jAya che, ane ujANIe ujave che. yu lAna utsava bhUkhyAM pretAnA utsava che. te dine zerImAM paisAnI nATA, phaLa vagere hALImAM balidAna rUpe preteAne zAMta karavA caDAvAya che. kAI emAM AvelA saMta kanaphyusiyasanA maMdire kanaphyusiyasa jayaMti nimitte dhArmika utsava ceAjAya che. cInI navamA mahinAnA navamA dine cuMga ceMga utsava hAya che, hAna vazanI A utsavanI vAta che. eka sAdhu puruSe te divase eka mANasane sarvanAzathI khacavA 24 kalAka tenA kuTu'ane kAI DuMgara para laI javAnI salAha ApI ta me-jUnamAM Dregana-nAkA utsava ujavAya che. te divase leAkeA kacArI jevAM DampalIga ' khAya che. A utsava tuena nga....utsava tarIke oLakhAya che. rASTrIyavIra cu yuena sarakArI saDAnA virodhamAM DUbI maryAM hatA ane tene bacAvavA zaNagArelI hoDIo-je Dregana-rAkSasI mAthA ane pUchaDAvALI hoya che. tenAthI jANe prayatna karavAmAM Ave che. ane mAchalAM e vIranA dehane kArI na khAya mATe nagArAM vagADAya che ane mAchalAMne mATe paNa kacArI pUrI pANImAM nAkhavAmAM Ave che. teyA ane ebaraDInamAM nAkAmANuse te salAha mAnI ane DugerathI pAchA pharI ghara spardhAe ceAjAya che ane suMdara raMgIna dRzya khaDuM thAya che. julAi ogasTamAM cInI sAtamAM mahinAnA sAtamA krine ApaNe tyAM kuvArI geArA athavA kanyAe gaurIvrata AgaLa joyu te badhuM nArA pAmyuM. badhA jIvaMta mAnava ane prANIe paNa Ama sanArAthI bacavA A utsava ujavavA lAkA DuMgarAnI TAcAe jAya che. eprIla-me vacce pUrI-reATI-mana phesTIvala-utsava athavA cyuiMga cAu ujavAya che ane te cyuiMga cAu TApu para traNa divasa ane rAta cAle che. bIje divase varagheADA yAtrA nikaLe che. ane 60 phUTa UMcA pUrI-rATInA traNu patA-Du'garA khaDakAya che, leAkeA vividha aitihAsika ane paiArANika vezA saje che. ane havAmAM ALaka taratA hoya tema tAranu' pUtaLu khanAvI ane bALakanA kapaDAmAM sajAvAya che. lAkA pUrI-roTInA DuiMgare caDI nazIbadAra pUrIe meLavavA prayatna kare che. sapTembara mAsamAM cadretsava Ave che. A divase khAsa prakAranI cakeka khAvAmAM Ave che. 14mI sadImAM mAMgeAlA sAme thayelA khaDamAM krAMtimAM A krAMtinA sAda kAgaLa para caMdrakekamAM saMtADI meAkalAyA hatA. tenA smaraNumAM A utsava ujavAya che. kekamAM vATelu kamaLa, tala, khajUra ane atakanAM IMDAM bharavAmAM Ave che. A samaye kekA suMdara raMgAmAM sasalAM, mAchalI, vimAna vagere AkArAnI phrAnA khUba vecAya che. leAkeA caMdradarzana mATe TekarIe DuMgarI caDe che ane ane pachI ApaNe jema gaNeza cAthane divase caMdradarzana bAda jamIe chIe tema jame che.

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smRti saMdabha graMtha 877 hoMgakoMga pravAsIo mATe aneka AzcaryothI bharapUra che. raste jatAM sapharajana ane annAnasa vecanArA tenI chAla pradeza che. te jovA mATe moTara, basa, hADI, game tene je kuzaLatAthI kADhe che te paNa jovA jevuM che. je resTaupayoga thaI zake. basa mATe tenA TAIma Tebala, bhAva5traka rAMmAM jayAphata ke jamaNa hoya che tyAM kAgaLanA phUlomAM ane mArgo darzAvatA. hoMgakoMga pravAsI mAhitI khAtA jene mAna ApavAnuM hoya che tenA nAma cInI lipImAM taraphathI keTeka eraporTa para, sTAra pherI kekorsa para vagere gUMthI bahArathI zaNagAravAmAM Ave che. A zaNagAra miTI sthaLoe maLe che. chatAM kutuhalavaza pravAsIo cAlIne padayAtrA DhAla jevA AkAramAM hoya che ane tene "phA pa' kahe che. karavA jevI che. zaheranA junA lattAomAM tame jAo to khANa mATe "DIma sama" nAmanI vAnagI paNa khANAnA tyAM tamane vividha vastuo jevAnI, kharIdavAnI ane leke zokhInoe cAkhavA jevI che. kevI rIte rahe che te jANavAnI taka maLaze. tyAM tamane hoMgakoMganuM vihaMga dazya jevA vikaToriyA zikhare akIkanI suMdara kotarela vastu athavA so varSa jUnuM IMDuM. kiTrAma dvArA jaI zakAya. athavA lugArDa ane hAraleca je kharekhara 100 divasa januM hoya che. hoDIomAM vasatA roDa dvArA mAunTa esTIna reDa caDhIne gavarna saM mAunTana loko, 2eta pakSIddhAra kArDa upaDAvI bhaviSya kahetAM jezIo, lojanA sthaLe jaI Tepiskepa dvArA nIcenA suMdara do zAkabhAjIvALAne tyAM dariyAI vanaspati sUkavelAM vAsa joI zakAya che. vanacAIthI caDhI vAMga na cAMga gepa pAsethI vagere jovAnI taka maLaze. vanasa pativALAnI dukAne sUkavelAM hepI velI jyAM prathama yuropiyane vasyA hatA te, tathA kojha dariyAI gheDA (eka prakAranI mAchalI) ane vAghanA hADakAM be akhAta ane baMdara joI zakAya che. 70 seMTamAM 40 maLaze je khAvAthI saMdhivA maTe che. dArUvALAnI dukAne miniTe basa tyAM pahoMcADe che. gArDana roDathI dara paMdara vAMsane lIlA pAna dArU athavA cInathI maMgAvela pa ka miniTe pika TrAma 60 senTanA bhADe maLe che. jo tamAre leha dArU tathA sApane athANA maLaze. sApanI dukAne cInAonI prAcIna chAyA mukhtiyuddha kalA jevI hoya te vividha prakAranA te loko khAya che, te sarpo koThIomAM savAre 8-30 sudhImAM boTanikala gArDasa pahoMcI jAva. guMcaLA jema paDelA athavA laTakatA dekhAze. ziyALAmAM A vanaspatI udyAnamAM vividha pakSIonA mALAo ane cInI dArU sApanA jhera sAthe bheLavI khAvAthI zakti vasavATa tathA raMgaberaMgI puponI suMdara dazyAvali joI tamAro Ave che ane saMdhIvA maTe che. kAgaLanI dukAne kAgaLamAMthI thAka gAyaba jaI jaze. beTAnikala gArDansathI bahAra nIkaLI banAvelI rIkSA, ghara, vimAna vagere je maraNa pAmelAMne rebInsana roDa para tame Avo tyAMthI gArDana roDa para sukha maLe te mATe bALavAmAM Ave che te, nartamAnI beMkanI thaI tame megelina gepa reDathI nIce traNase kuTanA DhoLAva noTa, suMdara vividha raMgI ane AkAranA phAnase, dIrdhAyuSa para bAvana reDa javAnI majhA mANI zakazo. vRkSethI chavAyela mATe pataMgiyA vagere maLaze. rastA para vAMsanI paTIo bAvana roDa para thAko to besavA Thera Thera bAMkaDA che. vAna DabbAmAM halAvIne pheMkI jeza jonArA, hAtha, janmAkSara, gepa roDathI keneDI roDa para UtaratAM tame jamaNI bAju pattAM dvArA jeza jenArA paNa maLaze- zerImAM hajAmata UMce bovana roDanA saMdhANamAM UMce kanyAgiri jaze. tyAM karavA vaLadIdhelI dorIne upayoga karatAM junI DhabanA hajAmo kuMvArakA vrata ujavAya che ane kanyAo sAro pati meLavavA paNa kayAMka dekhAze. abhaNa mANaso mATe kAgaLa lakhI dhUpa pUjA kare che. ApanAra ane kAgaLa vAMcanAra lahIAo paNa tyAM che. 23 vAIma sTrITamAM hAthIdAMtanA kAtarakAmanI jhAga kiMgakI sTena tulA lenanA AraMbhamAM pAka te maMdira jevA AIvarI phekaTarImAM suMdara namUnAo maLe che. 58 e jevuM che. tyAMthI AgaLa jatAM rAMdhelI vAnagIonI dukAno viliMgTana sTrITamAM viMgakI mAhajoga phekaTarImAM mAhajoga ane kavIsa roDa ITa paranI nAnI dukAno jotAM jAva. seTa-kAviMganI suMdara vasatu vAghA maLe che. e varSa eTale sAme nAnuM vAna mArkeTa Ave che tyAM badhI sAmAnya junAM iMDAM" somalayukta be traNa aThavADiye taiyAra thatI vastuo maLe che. A badhuM jovA mATe sUrya prakAzita vAnagI che. tene mATI ane DAMgaranA photarAthI lapeTavAmAM taDakAvALo divasa pasaMda karo. toja tamane kavana dvipa Ave che. Adu sAthe A cInI vAnagIno svAda levA je ka65nuM vividha dayAvalinuM saudarya jovA maLaze. kavalananA Jain Education Intemational Education Intemational

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87 cImati vistAramAM zAMgahAI sTrITamAM vAsaNA, ramakaDAM, vanaspatIe karIyANAM ane mAhajoganI dukAne che. jyAre sageAna sTrITamAM mRtyu pAmelA mATe peziAkA dareka prakAranAM kapaDAM, phaLe. vagere maLe che. AmAha sTrITamAM hajAmeAnI hAra hArabadha muMDana kare che, eTarI sTrITamAM pataMgA ane kAgaLanI banAvaTanI suMdara vastue maLe che. pAka hAi sTrITamAM phaLa zAkabhAjI taiyAra bhAjana maLe che.pablIka skavera sTrITamAM AvI tame pAse tIna hAu maMdira jovAnu` bhUlatA nahi, tenA AkarSaka chAparAnA zaNagAra ane vaLAMka letA chAparA bhUtapretathI tamane rahyuM che ane temAMnI kaMDArelI prANI mUrtie vasanArAnuM rakSaNa kare che. yauti mArkeTa pAse tame zAkabhAjI, maraghAM, batakA bharelA TepalAM laTakAvelA neze ane mAchImArAnu jIvana paNa tamane A vistAramAM jovA maLaze. temAMnA kekalAMka te hADImAMja rahetA heAya che. rekalemezana sTrITamAM tame dArUnI dukAnA ane dArUmAM athAvelAM sarpanI keDIe joze. tyAMthI mAnasaMga lenamAM jamaNI bAju dhAMgahAI sTrITane sagame sauthI vikhyAta davAnI dukAna che. tyAM tame dasa senTamAM cAha raMgI pINu pI tAjagI anubhavaze. nAthAna rADathI tame basa ke TekSImAM jAna rADa athavA sTAra pharI jaI zakaze. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 nezanala khiDI'gamAM kApaDa bajAra che. ane duniyAbharanA vividha prakAranA kApaDanI kharIdI ahI... karI zakAya. viMgakaTa sTrITamAM nakalI jhaverAta, plAsTIka tArathI banAvelA pazupakSIo maLe che ane hegakeAMgatu sauthI jUnu cA ghara 'lukayu ' ahIM Avelu che. cInI lekhanakalA sAmo paNa ahI maLe che. kavInsa rADa senTrala pAse ghe, sApa vagerenA cAmaDAmAMthI anAvelI henDabegeA ane rezamI vastrA maLe che. vIgakiMga sTrITamAM dareka prakAranA IMDAM seA varSa junA (sA divasa) ane sAlTa-kharAM inDA maLe che. vigalAka sTrITamAM ramakaDAM ane jaththAbaMdha vepAranI dukAne che. kavega yuena pU sTrITamAM dhajApatAkA zaNagAranArA te sIve che. hiliyara sTrITa ane jaravAI sTrITane nAke saunI dukAnA che. ziyALAmAM kauvata mATe cInI dArU sAthe sarpanuM jhera vecavAnA khUba sAro cAle che. leDara sTrITathI laskaTa hArA pAse prakhyAta keTa-khilADI-sTrITa AvI che. ahIM moTA zaheranI gujarI ke mu`baInA cAra ajAra jema dareka vastunA hATa hoya che. pAse AgaLa jatAM hoMgakeAMganuM sauthI jUnu devaLa mena mA 'Avelu' che. ahI rAkSasI dhUpasaLI pIMDaLA vaLA satata abaDa baLyA kare che. ane temAM utsava mATe mUrti padharAvavAnI be alaMkAreka khurazI che. hAlIvUDa roDa para kaDArelI vastue kArAmAMDala prakAranu ane bIju ni cara tathA cInI kAcanI sudara vastu mRtyu pAmelA mATenA pozAko temane paherAvavAnA bharatakAmanA slIpo, mastaka ane page rAkhavAnA AkAM--smazAnayAtrA mATe sapheda phUlonI mALA, zAka mATe sapheda ane kALA vA sapheda ane vAdaLI phUlAnI mALAe Ama mRtyu vidhinA dareka sAmAna maLe che. pheTa hiDaMga sTrITamAM cInI mAtA bALakane pIThapara, uMcakI laI Aya che te mATe temane bAMdhavA khALiyAM-- pApUsa ' maLe che. pAMca nakhara ane pAMca khI khasA kavInsaroDa roDa parathI maLe che. rAte makAu pherI pAse rAtrI ajAra bharAya che. temAM aneka prakAranI vastuo vecAya che. ane vividha dRzyA jovAnI majhA paDe che. ezana Tara" minalamAM eziyAnuM sauthI mATu' kharIda bajAra che. DAMgadhrAM sarakAre rIseTalamenTa kSetramAM khAdakAma rAchyuM tyAMthI re hAna vaMza (I.sa. 25-220)nI li cenga ukanI daragAha maLI AvI ane tenI AjubAjuthI aneka kalAtmaka paurANika vastuo maLI khAvI tenu sagrahasthAna daragAhanA daravAjA pAse che. maMgaLavAra sivAya dararoja apeAranA 12 thI 7 sudhI te joi zakAya che. ane praveza phI 30 seMTa che. A daragAha joI tame zuviMga roDa para cAlavA mAMDA ane raste vividha prakAranI vastuenI dukAneA che, tame kAvalUnanA mukhya rastA ane khUNe Avela gArDana ekarI ane raeNsTArAmAM nAstA-pANI karI tyAMthI tame rastA eLa'gI zeka kipa me riseTalamenTa tarapha jAva. ahI 1954mAM 62,500 loko mATe vasavATo badhAyA hatA. ahIM tamane phUlAvecanArA, cheDavA ane gharagaththu vaparAzanI cIjonI dukAneA maLaze ane AMdhaLA bhikhArIe 1 DaoNlara laI tamAruM' bhaviSya kaheze, je samajavA tamArI sAthe ke pAse dubhASiyA joIe. pachI taperADa parathI kAvalUna pAchA paheAcI jAva, cAle! have pazcimanA vistAra ane keTakhilADIsTrITazerI joIe. A vistAramAM vAMga na sTrITamAM InTara A uparAMta tamAre DAMgakAMganA pravAsanA AnaMda meLavavA saMtamAM savArI karavI joI e, cInI eperA jovA joI e, mINukAmanuM saMgrahasthAna joI tame navAI pAmaze. TAIgara khAma gArDanamAMnA ujjaLa zveta pegeADA paNa jovA

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 879 jevA che. enI pAse akIkanI vastuonuM saMgrahasthAna paNa phorcyuna henDa varka phemilimAMthI cInI citrakalAnA namUnA tamane Azcaryamugdha karaze. "hoMgakoMga sTAnDarDa' akhabAranI joI eka ekathI caDiyAtI kalAtmaka vastuo tamane mUMjhave mulAkAta paNa lejo ane je zAkAhArI na ho te moMgoliyana nahi tenI kALajI rAkhaje. kavalUnanuM cAInIjha bajAra sTAra heTapoTa paNa cAkhaje. zATIna khINa e zahenazAhano bhAta hAusane cothe mALe hArbara vilejamAM che te paNa joI kaToro kahevAya che. tenuM sauMdarya pa.! jeje ane 10,000 Avaje. "Apa enDa zopa" pustikA pravAsa mAhitI buddhonuM maMdira paNa jovAnuM bhUlatA nahi. ghamunanA re- khAvAthI paNa "ke Teka" vimAna gharethI meLavI le te madada rAMnI dariyAI kherAkanI vAnagI vadhe na hoya to AsvAda rUpa thaze. lejo ane hakA gAmanA loko khetaramAM paDadAvALI heTa-TepI paherI kAma kare che. te paNa joje. hoMgakeganA rA dharma hoMgakoMga kula 236 TApuone pradeza che. hoMgakoMgamAM maMdire paNa jeje ane cInI phIma paNa jeje. mAha- duniyAnI keTalIka sauthI moTI hoTalamAMnI hoTalo tyAM che. 'ganA saMgIta sUre ma ] ane suvarNanI saMtapuruSanA ane 58 haTale to vAtAnukulina era kanDIzanDa che. temAM darzana karaje. kharIdI mATe pravAsI mAhitI khAtA taraphathI kula 9,000 oraDAo che. hoMgakoMga pravAsa mAhitI Arts and craft nI patrikA meLavI kaI vastu kayAMthI khAtAnI madadanI jarUra paDe to hoMgakoMgamAM ophisa samaya kharIdavI tenuM mArgadarzana meLavI tamArA mUlyavAna dhanane daramyAna 3-676 111 naMbara Teliphona mATe Do. cAlo veDaphI na detAM sArI vastuo maraNIya ane apUrva suMdara tyAre tame hoMgakoMganI yAtrAnI moja mANavA A lekha paNa lAge te kharIdI lAvajo. kharIdI vakhate rakta ke dukAne sAthe laI jajo. Apa sahakuTumba hoMgakoMganI musApharInI bhAvanI rakajhaka karatAM zaramAzo nahi. ezana Tarminala pAse majA mANe eja "kuMba hai phAta cayasarvezubhecchA. zubecchA pAThave che zrI mahuvA jutha khe.vi.vi. kA. saha maMDaLI salata rasikalAla chaganalAla phensI kApaDa tathA kaTapIsanA vepArI mu : mahuvA (tA. mahuvA) (ji. bhAvanagara) sthApanA tA. 16-4-58 noMdhaNI naMbara 2003 zera bhaMDaLa 49580 sabhya saMkhyA 350 anAmana phaMDa 11959 kheDUta 280 anya phaMDa 8788/27 bina kheDUta 70 maMDaLI jaMtunAzaka davA, rAsAyaNika khAtaro, sudharelA biyAraNa, vagerenuM kAmakAja kare che. TerIvana-TerIkeTana-suTIMga-zaraTIMga tathA sADIenA spezyAlIsTa maMtrI choTAlAla ena jasANI lImahamada ena jamANI pramukha bhAskararAva bhAnuzaMkara ThAkara upapramukha nAnI zAkamArakITanA khAMcAmAM pAlItANa (saurASTra) Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAgara zrI bApAlAla amulakhabhAI jhoTA - - - - bhAIzrI bApAlAlabhAIne jama gujarAta rAjayanA banAsakAMThAnA rAdhana- pura pAsenA vArAhI nAmanA nAnakaDA gAmamAM thaye hate. meTIka sudhIne abhyAsa karyo. dhaMdhArthe muMbaI AvyA ane vyApAramAM jhaMpalAvyuM. zivakAzInI 'kAkA' mecIjhanI sola ejansI lIdhI. sAhasika heIne navA navA kSetromAM pagapesAro karyo. bhAgya ge uttare ttara siddhi maLatI rahI. mazInarI mArkeTamAM jANItA InTara sTeTa enajInIyarIMga kaMpanInA sela proprAITara che. chellA dakSa varSathI varka zo5 mazInarI-ge ja mazInarI temaja hevI mazInarInI AyAta kare che. A uparAMta hevI yu ane yaMtrasAmagrI banAvatI DenamArkanI vizva vikhyAta e, ema. zI nAmanI kaMpanInI ejansI dharAve che. zrI bApAlAlabhAIne anubhave ghaDyA che. zrama-urayabhAvanA, gADha saMbadhe ane pramANikatA e temanA nAMdhapAtra guNo che. samAja kalyANanA kAme karavAmAM AtmasaMtoSa ane potAnI pharaja mAne che. teo sAmAjika, zaikSaNika ane dhArmika saMsthAone pitAnI sevAno lAbha ApatA AvyA che. teo pU. gAMdhIjI, zrI ramaNa maharSi ane yogI zrI araviMda jevA saMta mahatanA samAgamamAM AvyA che, zrIyuta amulakha vIrajIbhAi jhoTA zrI bApAlAlabhAI banAsakAMThAnA utkarSa mAM ane vArAhInA utthAnamAM moTo rasa dAkhavI rahyA che. temanA pitAzrI zrI amulakhabhAI dharmaniSTha ane vAra hImAM AgevAna hatA. moTAbhAI zrI cImanabhAI sevApriya che. traNe bahene sukhI che. temanA dharmapatnI . bakulAbahena thAnurAgI bALa ajItakumAra; narendrakumAra, jayazrI ne zilpA ne ucca saMskAra ane zikSA ApI rahyA che. te cirapravAsI jevA che. samagra hiMda-yuropa-keneDA-amerikA ane jApAna vagere dezano pravAsa kheDe che. jIvananA navA navA prasthAne karatA rahe che. bhAIzrI bApAlAlabha InA mAtuzrI balabahena paNa dharmaniSTha ane sevAbhAvI hatA. temanA moTA putra zrI cImanabhAI janmabhUmimAM rahetA ane mAtAnI sevA karatA-temanI traNa punio sukhI che. bhAIzrI bApAlAla dihI gayelA ane pAchA pharatAM mAtAne maLavA pAra hI AvyAahIM mAtAjIne svargavAsa thayelo-kevA bhAgyazALA ke vakhate pacI gayA-bhAre dukha thayuMmAtAnI joDa jagatamAM kayAM maLe? mAtAnA puNyArthe vArAhImAM aThThAI mahesava-AMga-pUjA vigere karavAne lAbha lIdhe. mAtAne ujALyAM dhanya putra-dhanya mAtA. zrIyuta bApAlAla amulakhabhAI jhoTA Jain Education Intemational

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bhArata jenA navanirmANamAM phALo ApI rahyuM che te-nAnuM tela samRda arabI rAjaya kuvata zrI kRSNavadana jeTalI. arabI samudranA IrAnI akhAtanA uttara-pazcime AveluM che. je lokone mana paisA karatAM pANI durlabha hatuM te have nAnuM kuvaitanuM rAjya 20 varSa pahelAM eka atyaMta garIba chUTathI tene upayoga karI zake che. "hAIDronikasa" ane pradeza hato ane Aje duniyAnA atyaMta dhanavAna rAjamAM "eroponikasa" paddhatinI madadathI suMdara vADIo ane kuvaitanuM paNa sthAna che. kuvaitanA amIra zekhasubAha ala bagIcA UbhA karI kuvaitanI prajAe raNanA ujajaDa pradezane subAhe kuvaitane khanIja telanI zodha dvArA maLelA dhananA naMdanavana same karI nAMkhyo che. DhagalAne kuvaitane eka Adarza kalayANa rAjyamAM pheravavA sAro upayoga karyo che. dakSiNamAM sAudI arebiyA ane kuvaitI prajAjanane mAthe kaI karano bojo nathI. tene uttara pazcime IrAka tenA paDozI deza che. karaMta rAjyanuM maphata zikSaNa ane maphata dAktarI sAravAra maLe che ! duniyAnA kSetraphaLa 16,000 corasa ki. mITara che ane tenI pAse khanIja telanA bhaMDArone 20 TakA jaththo kuvaita dharAve che. Avela 4650 co. ki. mITaranA pradeza para sAudI arebiyA Do. zabAzikharanA mata mujaba gaI kAle purANuM kuvaita ane kuvaitano saMyukta vahIvaTa che. A 1922mAM ubera hatuM. Aje navuM Adhunika kuvaita che. gaIkAla ane Aja pariSadanA nirNayane anusAra che. kata pAse keTalAka nAnA vacce phakta thoDuM ja aMtara che. 15 varSanuM-telanI zodha TApuo che ane teo paNa kata rAyapradezano bhAga che. agAunA kuvaita ane telanI zodha pachInA kuvaita pradezane eka zuSka raNapradeza pradezamAMthI Aje 20 varSanA gALAmAM vAta ajaba che. ajoDa che. "1970 nI vasati gaNatrI kuvaita eka suMdara bagIcA jevuM rAjya banyuM che. A telanI mujaba kuvaitanI vasati 7,33,000 nI hatI. temAM 3,46000 zodhathI maLelA dhanane AbhArI to che. paraMtu dhana sAthe mULa vatanIo kutIo hatA ane 3,87,298 eka A tyAMnI prajA je eka AdivAsI ToLakI jevI hatI tenA bIjA dezanA bahAranA hatA. hAla kuvaitanI vasati ATha lAkhana potAnA rAjyane Adhunika banAvI Adhunika banavAnA che. ane temAM traNa lAkha sATha hajAra kutIo che. 1939mAM nizcayane paNa AbhArI che. kuvaitanI vasati phakta eka lAkhanI hatI. 157 mAM ne lAkha ane cha hajAranI vasati hatI. kutIo have kuvaitamAM jharaNAM, nadIo ke sarovaro nathI. agAu kuvaitI sivAyanAne nAgarikanA hakako ApatA nathI. 150 ki.mITara dUra AvelA irAkanA zaAta ala-ArAmAMthI kAraNa temane bhaya che ke je bIjA dezanA loko kuvaitamAM tAjuM pANI hoDIo dvArA levAtuM. kuvaitanI sarakAre have AvI je pramANamAM vasyA che tema vasaze te mULa kuvaitIduniyAmAM sauthI moTo tAjA pANI mATe DisTIlezana eno deza temane potAno nahi rahe. kuvaita pAse AvelA, plAnTa-UbhuM karI lokone tALuM pANI pUruM pADayuM che. kuvaitane phelAkA TApu etihAsika ane purAtatvanI daSTie uttaramAM bhUgarbhamAMthI paNa pIvAnA pANIne bhaMDAra sAMpaDo mahatvano che. eka samaye tyAM grIka vasAhata hatI. ane. Jain Education Intemational

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88ra eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga- 5000 varSo pUrve paNa tyAM mAnava vasavATanAM purAvA maLyA hAlanA kuvaitanA amIra zekha sabAhe ala-salIma alache. A purAvAone saMgraha kuvaitanA saMgrahasthAnamAM thayo che. sabAha prajJAvAna udAramatavAdI che ane dezamAM lokazAhInA Ama kuvaitane ItihAsa misara ane moheM-jo-daDo jeTalo AdarzonI jALavaNI mATe UMDo rasa le che. svabhAve te zAMta prAcIna che. bhArata kuvaitamAM aneka vastuonI nikAsa kare ane nirADaMbarI puruSa che ane khoTA dekhAvo pasaMda karatA che. hAla kuvaitamAM 35000 jeTalA bhAratIyo vase che. nathI. te kaI paNa nAgarikane maLI zake che ane rAjya vahIvaTanI jhINI bAbato pratye aMgata nirIkSaNa kare che. unALAmAM kuvaitamAM 110thI120 pheranaheTa jeTaluM garama uSaNatAmAna rahe che ane dhULa ane retInA vaMToLiyA vAya kute zikSaNamAM, Arogya sevAomAM dariyAnA pANInuM che. paraMtu ziyALAmAM-zUnyAMza pheranahiTa jeTaluM uSNatAmAna zuddhikaraNa karI tene pIvA yogya banAvavAmAM, nokarI-pravRtti atyaMta ThaMghanuM sUcaka che. bAbatamAM, bAlakalyANamAM vagere aneka bAbatomAM kalyANa kArI sAdhano apanAvyA che. 10 varSa pahelAMnI dezamAM pravartatI rAjakAraNano pAyo katamAM I.sa. 1710thI nakhAye nirakSaratAnI tulanAmAM Aje bhAgye ja koI katI abhaNa ke hato. te vakhate arabastAna-sAudI arebiyAnA nejadamAMthI nirakSara haze. zikSaNa maphata ane pharajiyAta hovAthI madhya ala-subAha vaMzanA jAtinA loko A katanA pradezamAM pUrvanA pradezamAM kuvaite sAkSaratAne sarvocca AMka siddha karyo AvI vasyA ane teo rAjakuTuMbanA loko tarIke AvakAra che. sarakArane kharce zALAomAM nAstA, pustaka, gaNaveza, pAmyA. teo beduIna atAla ke utAla jAtinA-amArata herapheranI vyavasthA ane vaidakIya sAravAra apAya che. apaMga jAtanI dahamazAha zAkhAnA vaMzajo che. 1756mAM basarAmAM ane khoDakhAMpaNavALA bALako mATe paNa zALAo che. sukI rAjapAla sAthe prathama zekha subAhe vATAghATo karI 1danA okaTobaramAM uraca zikSaNanI jarUrIAtene A pradeza mATe AjhAdI meLavI. atihAsika daSTie A . pahoMcI vaLavA kuvaita vizva vidyAlaya yunivarsiTIne AraMbha varSathI katamAM ala-subAha zAsanane AraMbha thayo. saukA- thayo. Aje te sArA vikAsa pAmelI saMsthA che. ane othI beduIna loko to kuvaitamAM AvI vasyA hatA. paNa tenI sAthe vijJAna, sAhitya, zikSaNa, mahilA koleja, ala subAha vaze temanI vyavasthita sarakAra sthApI sAmA kAyadA zAstra, arthazAstra ane rAjakAraNa tathA yaMtravidyAnI jika ane rAjakIya ekatA sAdhI. tukInA kabajAmAM hovA zaikSaNika saMsthAo ane mahAzALA-kolone saMlagna che. chatAM alasubAha zAsananI sthApanAe kuvaitane ane strIo paDadA vinA kolejanuM zikSaNa le che ane jAhera - vikAsa sAdhe. I. sa. 1899thI te briTizanA rakSaNa taLe jIvanamAM mahatvanuM sthAna dharAve che. AvyuM. 1961nI AjhAdInI saMdhithI tene pUrNa AjhAdI maLI ane briTiza rakSaNano aMta Avyo. duniyAnA svataMtra kuveta yunivarsiTI moTI vizALa bhavya ImAratomAM ane sArvabhauma rAjyo jema te paNa saMyukata rASTrasaMghanuM kAma kare che ane temAM bhAratIya adhyApaka paNa che ane sabhya banyuM ane Araba rAjyanI maMDaLI lIganuM sabhyapada bhAratIyo haMmezA AvakArya gaNAya che. vidyApITha kakSAe paNa tene maLyuM. 1962mAM tenuM rAjya baMdhAraNa taiyAra thayuM. pa000 vidyAthIo zikSaNa le che. temAM keTalAka paradezI ane zAsakanI maMjUrIthI 1963nA jAnyuArImAM rASTrIya paNa che. duniyAmAMthI sArA zikSako maLavAya che ane sArA esembalI-dhArAsabhAnI cUMTaNI thaI. 25mI phebruArI kuvaitano niSNAta prAdhyApakane tathA zikSakone rokavA te game te rASTradina che. kAraNa A tArIkhe 1950mAM sva. amIra zekha kiMmata cukavavA taiyAra che. kAraNa temane rASTranA dIkarA abdullA ala-salima ala-sabAha kuvaitanA rAjA-zAsaka dIkarIone kharekhara ucca zikSaNa ApI pragati sAdhavI tarIke tyAMnI rAjyasabhA dvArA cUMTAyA hatA. ane temanI che. mAdhyamika zALAMte 70 TakA guNa prApta karanAra pararAhabarI nIce kuvaita briTiza rakSaNathI svataMtra banyuM hatuM. dezIne paNa A vidyApITha praveza Ape che. temaja temanA mArgadarzana heThaLa dezamAM aneka pragatizIla kata vidyApIThanI vijJAna prayoga zALA, ramatonuM sTeDinIti-rItino mArga mokaLo thayo hate. yama tathA pustakAlaya jenArane prabhAvita kare che. pustakAlayamAM Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 883 30 hajAra uparAMta arabI, aMgrejI, keca ane urdUmAM Avyo che. gharanI sannArIo ane nokarI mATenA alaga pustaka chemulyavAna durlabha prAcIna arabI hastapratono khaDo paNa darzAvyA che, eka alaga vibhAga ja che. tyAMnI dhArAsabhAnA sabhyo temaja anya lokone muvatI zikSaNika saMsthAo uparAMta keTalIka khAnagI zrImatI indirA gAMdhI pratye khUba mAna che. dhArAsabhyane saMpUrNa zikSaNa saMsthAo zALAo paNa bina kuvaitIo potAnA svataMtratA ane sarakAranI TIkA karavAno adhikAra che ane bALakonA lAbhArthe calAve che. tyAMnI InDiyana-bhAratIya- zaMkAonA khulAsA sarakAra kare che. sAmAnya nAgarikane skUla zALAmAM 1200 jeTalAM vidyAthIo che. paNa pitAnA maMtavyo svataMtrapaNe rajU karavAno adhikAra che. tyAM sattA mATe judA judA rAjakIya pakSo ane temanuM katanI sarakAra AzAspada ujajavaLa zikSaNika kAra- gharSaNa nathI kAraNa deza khUba nAno che. ane loke dezanuM kidavALAne paradezamAM adhu abhyAsa karavA ziSyavRttio hita tathA temanI maryAdA samaje che. cUMTaNIo tyAM taddana Ape che jethI teo vividha jJAna vijJAnanA kSetranuM jJAna mukta rIte thAya che ane amuka lokene cUMTavA koI prakAranuM tamAM lAve-eTaluM ja nahi paNa paradezamAM abhyAsa karatA vidyArthIone maLavA javA IcchatA mA-bApanuM musApharI vagere kharca pUrUM paNa kuvaitanI sarakAra Ape che. ! AdhunikaraNa pahelAM pIvAnA, nahAvAnA ane dhovAnA pANIno prazna kuvaitano prANa prazna hato. keTalAka ATIjhana kuvaitamAM Arogya ane svAthya sevAo maphata ane kuvAo ane varasAdanuM nevAMmAMthI saMgraheluM TAMkAnuM pANI Adhunika che. tene lAbha kuvetI ane bina kutIo samAna loko vAparatA. temaja sabarA pAsethI zAna ala ArabarIte le che. eka samaye sAthe 5000 dadIo mATenI zayyA mAMthI heDakA mAraphata tAjuM pANI lavAtuM. jhaDapathI vadhatI dharAvatI IspitAlo bIjA sarve sAdhanothI susajaja che. duni- jatI vasati mATe A jaLane jaththo pUrato na hato. paraMtu yAnI sauthI sArI ImpItAlamAM ala-sabAha IspitAlane paNa khanIja tela zodhane kAraNe dezamAM AvelI samRddhie saragaNAvI zakAya. IspitAla sivAya paNa anya aneka davA- kArane lokone pUratuM pANI pUruM pADavAnI pharaja pratye pravRtta khAnAo che. keTalAka agragaNya DokaTaro bhAratIyo che. karI. kuvaita zaheranA kuvaita zuma vibhAgamAM daza ekamomAM eka lAkha gelana pANI dararoja zuddha karI ApatA jaLa - kuta saMgrahAlayamAM bhUtakALanA nRvaMza zAstrIya ane zuddhikaraNa plAMTane sauthI prathama agatyatA ApI bAMdhavAmAM purAtatvanA phelAkA TApumAMthI maLelA avaze loka kalAnI Avyo. 1955mAM gulAmAM bIjo eTalo ja zaktivALo kRtio, kAMsA yuganA prAcIna I.sa. pUrve 1500nI plAMTa nAMkhavAmAM Avyo. 1957 ane 1958mAM dararojanI bebilonanI saMskRtinA avazeSo rAkhavAmAM AvyA che. I.sa. pAMca lAkhanI zaktivALA phaleza prakArane varALIkaraNane pUrve 300nI helenika saMskRttio avaze paNuM vyavasthita vibhAga cAra ekamamAM zarU karavAmAM AvyuM. bIjA be goThavyAM che. bIjA eka vibhAgamAM judA judA dezonA vadhu ekamo 1960mAM zarU thayA. 1968mAM temAM vadhu prAcIna ane arvAcIna sikkAo che, kuvaitanA lokono mukhya che, ekama umerAyA ane dararoja, eka karoDa gelana upara zuddha dha samudramAM DUbakI mArI metI kADhavAne tene ItihAsa jaLa pUruM pADatI jaLazuddhikaraNa-phekaTarInuM kAma pUruM thayuM. paNa sarasa rIte pratyakSa A saMgrahasthAnamAM rajU thaye che. A jaLazuddhinA plAMTo duniyAmAM sauthI moTA che. philmo, TeparekarDo ane sAmAnya vaparAzamAMthI junA rUpe adazya thayelI vastuo mATe paNa eka alaga vibhAga ahIM zuSa ane anya jaLazuddhi kArakhAnAmAM kAma karache. gArAMnA ghare ane jUnI ITe judA judA bhAgomAM nArAmAM urdubhASI ane bhAratIye paNa che. bhAratIyA kAmavaparAtAM tenI jALavaNI paNa sArI rIte saMgrahasthAnanA dAronuM pramANa A kArakhAnAmAM pAMca TakAnuM che. A saMcAlake karI che. praveza karatAM eka vibhAgamAM jUnuM rAca- zukhanA jaLazuddhikaraNa yaMtrone nirIkSaka Ijanera muMbAracIluM tathA jUnI zailInA hukkAone paNa saMgraha karavAmAM Ino bhAratIya pArasIbhAI che. zukhanuM A jaLazuddhina Jain Education Intemational

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554 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 varSomAM A Avaka A karatAM pazu vadhu UMce gaI che vadhI che. kArakhAnuM dasava para zarU karavAnA cakro gatimAna thatAM kuvaitathI khasarA sudhInA rastA banAvatA IrAkanI sarahadethI 10 mAIla dUra AvelA zadhA tenamAM mIThA pANInA kUvA jaDayA ne bhUgabha jaLa vistAra 14 kale mITara lAge ane pAMca kileA mITara paheALA dararAjanuM 50 lAkha gelana pANI vIsa varSathI vadhu samaya pUrU' pADe tevA hatA. 1962thI A bhUgarbha jaLAzayamAMthI kuvaitanA leAkAnA upayAga mATe dararAja 20 lAkha gelana pANI papadvArA kheMcAvAnuM zarU thayuM. vaikha ane zuaikhAnA jaLazuddhikaraNanA zuddha jaLa uparAMtane A jaththA leAkeAne vadhu rAhata rUpa thaI paDayA. khanIja tela kuvaitanI Arthika nAbAdInuM mukhya kAraNa che. vIsamI sadInA cAthA dAyakAnA ArabhamAM khanIja tela tyAM prathama zodhAyu ane TThA dAyakAmAM te sArA pramANamAM vahetuM thayuM. 1950mAM khanIja tela pedA karanArA 78 kUvA hatA ane 1960 sudhImAM tenI saMkhyA 400 upara thaI tyArathI telanuM utpAdana vadhatuM ja cAlyu che. ane 1970mAM te 9400 lAkha beralanu thayu.. hajI keTalAka telakSetrAmAM zArakAma thayuM nathI. kAraNa kuvaita sarakAre te bhaviSyanI jarUrIAte mATe tela anAmata rAkhavA vicArI navA vadhu kUvAnuM zArakAma aTakAvyu` che. Aje evA aMdAja AMdhavAmAM Ave che ke duniyAnI kula tela samRddhinA cAcA bhAga 25 TakA kuvaitamAM che. A tela keTaleA vakhata cAle teTalu che te vize eka vivAda jAgyA ane kAIM kahevAtA niSNAte te paMdara varSa cAle teTalu ja che evA mata darzAvyA hatA. bIjA keTalAka niSNAtAe te 70 varSa cAlaze tevI sarakArane khAtrI ApI. AthI kuvaitanI sarakAre pharIthI kharAkhara tapAsa karavA eka samiti nImI ane tenA mata mujaba A telanI samRddhi ochAmAM echA sA va sudhI cAlaze. Aje kuvaitanI Arthika saddharatA vizvanA sauthI saddhara dezeA jeTalI che. A Arthika saddharatA traNa kAraNeAne lIdhe che. prathama teA tenI vipula tela samRddhie 1968mAM rASTrIya (grAsa) Avaka 9330 lAkha pAunDanI karI eTale enA atha dareka strI-puruSa ke khALaka pachI te kuvaitI hAya ke bina kuvaitInA mAthA dITha 1330 pAunDanI thaI. chellA cAra bIjuM kAraNa e che ke kuvaite paradezI huMDIAmaNanuM meTuM samRddha anAmata pazcimanI ekAmAM rAkhyuM che. ane nizcamanA udyAgeAmAM karoDo akho rUpiyAnuM' dhIrANa karI sAruM vyAja upajAvyuM che. eka agragaNya amerikana akhabAre te ema jaNAvyuM hatu ke jo pazcimanA dezAnI e'kAmAMthI kuvaitI dhananI DipojhITA pAchI khecI levAmAM Ave, upADI levAmAM Ave te te eka jaladI paDI bhAMge, eka bhAratIya akhabAranA jaNAvyA mujaba jo kuvaita Aje telanu' utpAdana baMdha karI de teA paNa kuvaitIe varSo sudhI ArAmathI rahI zake. trIjuM kAraNa teA kuvaitI prajAnI preraka zaktithI sarakAre AdarelI audyAgika nItio che. 1961mAM sarakAre zuma khAne kendrasthAne rAkhI sarakArI madada sahita khAnagI udyAgene prAtsAhana ApavAnA niNaeNya karI kAryakrama ghaDayA, AnI vahevAru zakayatAo mATe sarakAre samiti dvArA tapAsa ahevAla taiyAra kazabyA ane 1963mAM te sarakAra samakSa rajU thaye. tenA pariNAme kuvaitanI sarakAre dasa audyogika peDhIone sArI sarakArI madada ApI dezanA kAcA mAla para AdhArita udyogo vikasAvavA ane dezanuM audyogIkaraNa karavA chUTo dora ApyA. A peDhIomAMna e kuvaita peTrAkemikala InDasTrIjha ane kuvaita kemikala pharTilAIjhara rAsAyaNika khAtara kapanI che. audyogIkanA kAryakrama Age maDhaye jAya che. kuvaita moTA udyAgAnI sAthe kuTira udyAgAne ane paraMparAgata hasta kalA udyAgAne paNa vikasAvI rahela che. vaLI 1970mAM thayela duniyAnA bhustara save nirIkSaNa anusAra kuvaitanA samudra kinAre ilemenAITa retImAMthI sureniyama meLavavAnI spaSTa zakayatA che. Ama aNu bhautizAstranA vikAsa dvArA Ama audyAgIkaraNa mATe meATAM vizALa kSetrA khullAM thAya. bIjA Araba dezonA vikAsamAM sahAya karavI te kuvaitanI Arthika nItinu mukhya lakSaNa che. A dhyeyane lakSamAM laI sarakAre 1961nA DisembaramAM pAMca karoDa kuvaitI dinAranI mUDI sAthe kuvaita phaMDa phAra Arama keneAmika DevalapamenTa

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha Araba Arthika vikAsa mATe kuvaitI phALo zarU karyo. akhabArI lekhako che ane keTalAka sAruM kamAtA jANItA 1962mAM A phALo bamaNa karavAmAM Avyo. Aje tenI DokaTaro che. bhAratIya kuvaitamAM sArI sthitimAM rahe che ane mUDI abajo DolaranI che. akhAtanA pradezamAM AvelA vate che ane temanA ane yuvatI vaccenA saMbaMdho prema Araba rAjyo ne udAra lona ane sahAyaka rakama ApavAmAM ane mAna maMtrI bharyA che. kuvaita dara varSe 40 karoDanI bhAratIya AvI che. Ane lAbha lenArA dezomAM sudAna, jorDana, vastuonI AyAta kare che. eka kuvaitI agragaNya dhArA yunisiyA, alajIriyA ane yamana jevA keTalAka deza che. zAstrInuM kahevuM che, amane kuvaitamAM bhAratIya pasaMda che. 1967nA jUnamAM thayela Araba-IjharAIlI yuddhane kAraNe teo sArA ane udyAgI che ane temanA pratye mAna che. suejha naherane baMdha karavAthI misarane jatI boTamAM kuvaita temaNe kuvaitanA arthakAramAM sAro phALo Ape che. Araba sAro sahAyaka phaLa Ape che. ane bhAratIya vacce ahIM kadI saMgharSa ke athaDAmaNa thavAno saMbhava nathI. eka bhAratIya DokaTarane mata A kuvaitamAM bhAratIya nokarANIo-gharakAma karanArIo cheH ame kamAIe te amAruM che. ane tenA para karaverA pratye kharAba vartana rAkhavAmAM Ave che. evA ahevAla nathI. ame phAve teTalI rakama bhArata laI jaI zakIe chIe ane carcA patre bhAratIya akhabAromAM keTalAka samaya ke mokalI zakIe chIe. amane kaI satAvatuM nathI. ane pahelAM pragaTa thayA hatA. paraMtu tapAsa karatAM AmAM ghaNuM amArA para kaI pratibaMdha nathI. Ama kuvaitanuM nAnuM atizayokti bharyuM jaNAyuM che. tyAM nokarANIone sArI Araba rAjya bhArata sAthe sahakAra sAdhI pragatimaya jhaDapathI rIte rAkhavAmAM Ave che ane bhAgye ja koI phariyAda UbhI kUca karI rahyuM che. (Adama adilanA lekha para AdhArita ) thAya che. je phariyAda para lakSa deravAmAM Ave to tene tarata ja nikAla karavAmAM Ave che. AvI phariyAdanuM tatva ane saMkhyAbaLa ghaNuM najIvuM che, bhAratIya elacIkhAtuM paNa AvI phariyAdamAM mitrI bharyuM samAdhAna karAvavA tatpara rahe che. kuvaitI zeTha bhalA ane vicAravaMta hoya che. keTalAka zeThe to temanA kuTuMba sAthe dhaMdhAthI ke bIjA kAme paradeza zubhecchA pAThave che yuropa, amerikA jAya tyAre temanI sAthe nokarANIone laI jAya che ane tyAM temane pote rahe te hoTalamAM potAnA jevA khaMDamAM rahevAnI ane potAnI sAthe jamavAnI sagavaDa Ape che. ravivAre sAMje kuvaitanA khristI devaLa samakSanI zerIomAM mu : hIpAvaDalI ane mArgo para be hajAra jeTalAM khristIo bhegA thAya che (ji. bhAvanagara) ane devaLamAM jAya che. bhAratIya khristIo mATe ravivAranI ! sAMja ekabIjAne maLavAno, ekabIjAnI khabara pUchavAne ane vAtacIta karavAne sAro samaya che. tyAM ekatra thayela bhAratIya yuvatIo paNa gauravayukta AcAra rAkhI varte che. - zrI hIpAvaDalI se. sahakArI maMDaLI - - - - - - - kuvaitamAM vasatA 35000 bhAratIyo tyAM vividha pravRttio kare che. keTalAka sarakArI khAtAomAM che, keTalAka yojanAomAM Ijanero che. keTalAka dukAno ane ophisamAM kAma kare che. sArA pramANunA loko potAnI dukAna ke svataMtra dhaMdho vepAra kare che. keTalAka sArA hedA dharAvatA ala dudhAtA karAvatA Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAgana zubhecchA pAThave che ekasela inDasTrIjha li. (dezane prathama videzI phephasa plAnTa) rUvAparI reDa bhAvanagara zAna na. 4119 zubhecchA pAThave che mAlavI mIkenIkala varkasa | bhANavaDIyA sevA sahakArI maMDaLI - mu : bhANavaDIyA (ji. bhAvanagara) rUvAparI, roDa-bhAvanagara draka-kAra temaja dareka jAtanI mazInarI rIpera karanAra tathA dareka jAtanA oIla enajIne rIpera karanAra tathA Treka-kAranA haba temaja dareka prakAranA gIyarsa banAvanAra - hAusIMga rIperIga kAmanA spezyAlIsTa Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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janaka-putrI sItA ane bhagavAna buddhanI janmabhUmi nepAla zrI kRSNavadana jeTalI. bhAratanI uttare himAlayanI godamAM Avela nepAla nepAlanA hAlanA rAjA zrI mahendra sArA kavi che ane deza bhagavAna buddha ane sItAjInI janmabhUmi che. himAlayanuM temanA aneka kAvya saMgraha pragaTa thayA che temaja nepAlasarvocca zikhara evaresTa je nepAlI loko sagaramAthA reDiyo parathI temanAM gIto prasArita thAya che ane te lokakahe che te tathA kaMcanajaMghA, annapUrNA, dhavalagiri vagere priya banyAM che. nepAlana rASTradhvaja be trikoNAkAra joDela para ArohaNa karanAra mATe nepAlanI taLabhUmithI ja zarU che ane caMdra ane sUryanAM cihno dharAve che. nepAlanI bhASA Ata karavI paDe che. nepAla duniyAnuM eka ja hiMdudhamI nepAlI gorakhAlI-hindInA jevI che ane devanAgarI lipimAM rAjya che. uttara pradeza ane bihAranI uttare, nepAlI kaTAra lakhAya che. ahIMnA nANunuM calaNa nepAlI rUpiyA che ane -khukharI AkAramAM, pUrvathI pazcima lagabhaga 500 mAIla tenA 50 paisAne "mohara' kahe che. nepAlanuM rASTrIya phUla ane uttarathI dakSiNa 90thI150 mAIlamAM vistarelo, jyAM puSpa che ane rASTraya pakSI DAMke (cakAra) che. Adhulagabhaga 54,000 corasa mAIlanuM kSetraphaLa dharAvato nepAla nika nepAlanA ghaDavaiyA mahAna rAjA pRthvI nArAyaNa zAha bhAratanA pacIsamAM bhAga jeTalo svataMtra pradeza che. tenI hatA. nepAla suMdara maMdire, mUrtAio ane prAkRtika suMdaratAvastI 1 karoDa uparAMta che. tenI uttare tibeTa, pUrvamAM thI sabhara deza che. evaresTa zikhara vijetA zerapA tenasiMga sikikama ane dakSiNamAM bhAratanA bihAra ane uttara pradezanAM nokeranI janmabhUmi paNa nepAla che. - rAje AvelAM che. 1950mAM nepAlamAM rANuzAhInuM zAsana vIragaMjathI kAThamAMDunI lagabhaga 120 mAIlanI meTara samApta thayuM ane 1956mAM bhAratanI sahAyatAthI 'tribhuvana dvArA saphara karavAmAM 10 kalAka lAge che ane tenuM bhADuM rAjapatha' taiyAra thayA. A mArga para bAre mahinA moTara- 18 nepAlI rUpiyA thAya che. vimAna mAge 30 rUpiyAnA basano vyavahAra cAle che ane bhAratavAsIo mATe nepAlamAM bhADAthI 15-20 miniTamAM kAThamAMDu pahoMcI zakAya che. AvavA javA mATe kaI kaToka nathI, temaja pAsaporTanI Ama samaya bacAvanArAo nepAlamAM moTara karatAM jarUra nathI. bhAratathI nepAlamAM praveza karavAnA aneka sthaLo che, vimAnano vadhu upayoga kare che. yAtrALuo mATe jema paraMtu kAThamaMDu-nepAlanI rAjadhAnImAM bhAratathI javA mATe vimAnanI sagavaDa che, tema mAla sAmAna pahoMcADavA hiMTIeka ja mArga che. uttara-pUrva relave para rakSola nAmanuM DAthI kAThamAMDu lokhaMDI tAravaNelo eka doraDA raste-ropave nAnuM nagara bhAratathI kAThamAMDu javA mATe bhAratanuM aMtima banAvavAmAM Avyo che. AthI barapha paDavAthI rastAo nagara che. rakSaulathI 2 mAIla dUra nepAlanuM vIragaMja nakAmA banatAM A mAga cAlu rahe che ane A mAge AveluM che. ane tyAM rakSaulathI sAIkalarIkSA, gheDA TAMge, dara kalAke 700 maNa ke 300 kavInTala mAla pahoMcADI TekasI dvArA jaI zakAya che. tyAM paradezIonA sAmAnanI zakAya che. nepAla pahADI pradeza hovAthI tyAM relve mArga tapAsa thAya che. nepAlathI videzamAM banelI cIjo bhAratamAM vikAsa pAmelo nathI. nerogejanI nepAla gavarnamenTa relave lAvavAnI manAI che. vIragaMjathI kAThamAM lagabhaga 120 rakSaulathI amalekagaMja sudhInI che. paraMtu teno khAsa upayoga mAIla dUra che, rakSaulathI kAThamAMDu basamAM javAya che. vimAna mAlasAmAnanI heraphera mATe thAya che. bIjI nerogeja lAIna mAge paNa kAThamAMDuM javAnI suvidhA che. dilhI-kalakattA nepAla-janakapura-jayanagara relave che. ane teno upayoga ke vIrajathI paTanA ane paTanAthI kAThamAMDuM javAya che. musApharo ane mAlasAmAnanI avara javara mATe thAya che. Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 vIragaMjathI kAThamAMDu jatAM prathama 25 mAIla jeTalI pAka mahelanI sAme hanumAnajInI vizALa mUrti che. mahela saDaka hariyALAM khetaro vacce thaIne jAya che, pachI paMdareka jovA mATe eka rUpiyAnI TikiTa levI paDe che. nepAlI mAIla jaMgalamAMthI pasAra thaI ApaNe hiMTaDA pahoMcIe sthApatya kalA ane kASThamUrtikalAne A mahela sarvottama chIe ane ahIMthI pahADanuM caDhANa zarU thAya che. dhIme namUne che. darabAra coka pAse kumArI devInuM maMdira che. dhIme moTara saMbhana jaganI 8360 phUTanI UMcAIe pahoMce emAM jIvaMta kumArIkA devI tarIke rahe che. ane bArIethI che ane baraphathI chavAyela parvatamALA dekhAya che. dAmanathI darzana Ape che. A devIo amuka samuka samaye badalAtI to sagaramAthA (evaresTa)nuM zikhara pavata-zakhalA parathI rahe che. prAcIna kAThamAMDu nagara sonadhArA, hanumAna DhAkA ane dekhAya che. siMbhanajagathI utarANa-avataraNa zarU thAya che bhaTA hiTTInA tribhUja vece che. "kAThamaMDapa" eka ja te cheka pAluMga sudhI. pAluMga phaLakapa saMdara ghATI che. tenI vRkSanA lAkaDAmAMthI 1396mAM rAjA lakSmInArasiMga mahale cAre bAju pahADo ane sIDInA pagathiyAM jevAM khetaro baMdhAvele te jovAlAyaka sthaLa che. senadhArAthI nArAyaNa UMce sudhI vistarelAM che. pAluMgathI 37 mAIla caDha-Utara hiTTI darabAra jatAM bhUtapUrva vaDApradhAna yuddha zamazeranA smaraNa karI moTara ke basa kAThamAMDu pahoMce che. A AkhAye rasto cihna samI juddha saDaka Ave che; hAla tene nyU roDa kahe che, atyaMta ramaNIya ane manohara dazyothI bharapUra che. kATha. ane ahIM kAThamAMDunuM phezana-kendra AvyuM che. dara varSe mAMDanuM nAma kASThamaMDapa parathI paDayuM che. tyAM eka sAla jyAM zivarAtrI para moTo meLo jAme che te yAtrALuonuM vRkSamAMthI banAveluM gorakhanAthanuM maMdira paNa kASThamaThapa prasiddha pazupatinAtha maMdira vastIthI thoDe dUra bAgamatI nAmathI oLakhAya che. A maMdira banyuM te pahelAM kATha- nadIne kinAre che. te pegoDA zilImAM baMdhAyeluM zivamaMdira mAMDanuM mULa nAma kAMtipura hatuM. kAThamAMDU nepAlanI sauthI che ane temAM aMdara phakta hinduone ja pravezavA devAmAM moTI ghATI che ane nepAlanA sauthI moTAM traNa zahera- Ave che. kAThamAMDu, lalitapura (pATana) ane bhaktapura A ghATImAM siMha darabAra rANa pradhAna maMtrIoe baMdhAveluM ja AvelAM che. kAzmIra ane kulunA prAkRtika sauMdaryanI 1800 oraDAnuM makAna che. hAla te mahArAjAnA sekreTarisaphaLa rIte hariphAI kare tevAM ahIM aneka sthaLo che. lalita eTa tarIke vaparAya che. "nArAyaNa hiTTI" vartamAna rAjapura kAThamAMDuthI traNa mAIla dUra che ane bhaktapura sAta mahela che ane tenA pazcima daravAjA bahAra aitihAsika mAIla. AthI jANe A baMne nagaro kAThamAMDunA upanagara nArAyaNa hiTTI" snAnAlaya che. bAlAju jaLaudyAna kAThaathavA parAM jevAM che. kAThamAMDunI vasatI lagabhaga savA mAMDuthI pazcimamAM be mAIla dUra che. ahIM bAvIsa magaranA lAkhanI che. kAThamAM nagara rAjadhAnI hovAthI aneka Adhu moMmAMthI jaLadhArA phuTe che ane sUtelA bhagavAna viSNunI nika sagavaDo ahIM prApya che. ahIMnI sauthI moTI bhapakA mUrti che. ahIM vizALa udyAna ane vizALa taraNa pukura dAra hoTala soleTTI zahera bahAra khullI jagyAmAM che ane (Swimming pool) 8. temAM 200 pathArInI sagavaDa che ane dararojanuM eka pathArI dITha lagabhaga 100 rUpiyA bhADuM che. "TAIgara Tepsa ethI gokarNa vana kAThamAMDuthI uttara pUrve pAMca mAIla dUra paNa meMdhI che. dararojanA cAra-pAMca rUpiyAnA mATe paNa suMdara pikanika-vihAra sthaLa che. ahIM pegoDA zailImAM bIjI nAnI hoTalamAM vyavasthA thaI zake che. kAThamAMDa mekaNezvara mahAdevanuM maMdira che ane DuMgara para jamaNI bAgamatI ane viSNumatI nadInI Aju bAju vaseluM zahera bAju gokaLuM gAma che. AgaLa jatAM suMdara pravAha-prapAte che. kAThamAMDuM zaheramAM hanumAna DhAkA, darabAra coka, prAcIna parvatIya dRzya ane jaLavidyuta zaktinuM sTezana suMdarI jala rAjAonA nivAsanuM kSetra che. ahIM rAjA mahendra male AveluM che. kAThamAMDu ghATI-khINa pahelAM sarovara hatuM ane baMdhAveluM taleju maMdira. kALa ravanI virATa mUti. basaMta- tene maMjuzrIe kApI pANI mATe rasto karyo te covara pura darabAra, rAjagAdI vidhinuM sthaLa, rAjA pratApamadalanI sthaLe DuMgara para AdinAthanuM maMdira che. kAThamAMDuthI pazcime tenA cAra putro sAthe kamaLAsana paranI pratimA, moTo ghaTa 4 mAIla dUra AveluM kIti" pura mahala vaMzanA rAjAonA. ane moTuM nagAruM jovA jevo che samayamAM pATanagara hatuM. tenI taLeTImAM hAla tribhuvana vidyA Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha pITha che. ahIM purANa nepAlI pozAkamAM ApaNe strI puruSone te suvarNa maMdiramAM lokezva2 buddhanI prANapratiSThA karI. samrATa purANI zALe para vastro vaNatAM joIe chIe. kAThamAMDunI azoka kAThamAMDunI ghATInI yAtrAe I. sa. pU. 250 mAM uttare zivapurI DuMgaranI taLeTImAM buDhAnilakaMThamAM atyaMta AvyA tyAre temaNe pATananI cAre dizAmAM cAra azoka suMdara ane bhavya zeSazAyI viSNunI mUrti che gudozvarI- stupa sthApyA hatA. suMdarI cokamAM, pATanamAM, tuzAhirI pArvatInA maMdiramAM phakta hiMduone praveza maLe che. kATha- zAhIranA sthaLanI pratimA atyaMta suMdara che. kuMbhezvaranA mAM DuthI pUrvamAM cAra mAIla dUra eka sauthI UMcA bodhanAtha zivamaMdiramAM goMsAI kuMDanA saravara sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatuM stUpa Avela che, ane tenI cAre bAju vizALa netrothI kudaratI jharaNuM phUTe che. A maMdira pegoDA zelInuM pAMca 2000 varSothI prabhu mAnavenA mukhya pAnuM nirIkSaNa kare sataranuM che. temAM janAI pUrNimAne divase meLo bharAya che. che. maskendranAthanuM zveta maMdira to kAThamAMDunA haiye vasyuM chendranAthanA maMdira sAme tethI jUnuM minAtha pegoDA che. dara zanivAre loko dakSiNa kAlInA maMdire darzane ane maMdira che. pATanathI dakSiNe cha mAIla dUra gADha jaMgalamAM ujANIe jAya che. kAThamAMDuthI pazcime aDadho mAIla dUra godAvarI vihAra sthaLa AvyuM che. ahIM mA uchera thAya svayaMbhU duniyAnuM sauthI prAcIna, 2000 varSa purANe caitya che ane Arasa pahANunI khANa tathA khetIvADI phArma AvelAM che. nepAla saMgrahAlaya (myujhiyama) mAMnI aneka vividha che. godAvarInA raphate harasiddhi ane pelA nAmanA be prAcIna etihAsika vastuomAM 1880mAM tibeTa yuddhamAM kabaje gAme Ave che. jaMgalamAM pATanathI cha mAIla dUra UMcA karelI cAmaDAnI baMduka che ane nepoliyana bonApArTanI vA vArAhInA maMdiranI zobhA ane khI che. talavAra che. lalitapura (pATana) mAphaka bhakatapura (bhAtRgAMva) - sAMkaDI zerIovALA pATanazaheranI sthApanA rAjA paNa tenA vizAla ane bhavya maMdiro mATe prasiddha che. vIradeve I.sa. 299 mAM karI hatI ane tene lalitapura nAma bhaktapuranA maMdire vizALatA ane kalA-kArIganI dRSTie ApavAmAM AvyuM che. sauMdaya ane lalita kalAonuM A nepAlamAM sarvottama che. rAjA AnaMdamale i.sa. 889mAM zahera vatuM gAkAramAM baMdhAeluM che. sUryavaMzI rAjA siddhi bhakatapuranI sthApanA karI hatI. te viSNunA khAkAra jevuM narasiMha male 16 mI sadImAM ahIM baMdhAveluM kRSNamaMdira che. dariyAnI sapATIthI 4600 phUTa UMce AvelA A nagaranuM paranA zilpa sthApatyanI utkRSTa kRti che. tenI dIvAla kSetraphaLa cAra corasa mAIla che. vastra-vaNATa ane kuMbhArI para rAmAyaNa ane mahAbhAratanA yuddha kaMDArAyAM che. kAma tenA paraMparAnA udyogo che. bhAdagAMva daravAjA pAse darabAra cokamAM aneka maMdiro, suvaNuM bArI, rAjA ga rAja bhUpatindramahalanA samayanuM laMbacorasa atihAsika narendramahalanI pratimA, bhImasenanuM maMdira vagere che. tenA siddha pikharI taLAva che ane ahIMthI himAcchAdati parvatavizALa cogAnamAM 1408 mAM baMdhAyelA pageDA zailInA mALAnA suMdara darzana thAya che. darabAra cokamAM bauddha ane maMdiramAM avalekatezvara athavA lAla ma ra chendranAtha varSamAM hiMdu zAlInAM bAreka maMdiro che. navA tA. maMdira-pAMca cha mAsa vase che. zaMkhamRla, bAgamatI raNane manahArA nadInA majalAnuM, 20 phUTa UMcuM pegoDA zelInuM che. patnattama saMgame bhAratIya sthApatya zaitrInuM IMTathI bAMdheluM jagata- kalAtmaka mAnava hAthI, siDa, devatA enI pratimAothI nArAyaNa maMdira che ane temAM garaDa rANe za ane hanumAnanI alaMkRta A maMdira 1708 mAM rAjA bhUpati kamala baMdhAvyuM suMdara pratimA che. mAThAbauddha maMdira asaMkhya boddha hatuM. kAThamAMDunA pazupatinAtha mati. 2nI anukRti rAmu pazupati pratimAo dharAvatu mATIna...rAke.TA-2 paya che. pATananA nAthanuM maMdira tenI kAiDa ke ta2NanI kalA ane zRMgArika purohita 9 abhayarAje tenuM nirmANa 14 mI sadImAM kareluM. citro mATe jANItuM che. 1600 varSa pahelAnuM cAMgunArAA maMdirathI thoDAMka DagalAM AgaLa jatAM ruvarNa mahAvihAra yaNa vaSNava maMdira sauthI junuM rAjA haridratta varmAe baMdhAAve che ane temAM buddhanI suMdara pratimA tathA kAMsAmAM velA pegoDA zelInA be mALanA maMdiramAM garuDa para savAra DhALelI aneka suMdara kalAtmaka mUrtio che. rAjA bhAskara thayelA viSNu che. garuDa eka vAgha para beTho che. viSNu varmAe bAramI sadImAM hiraNya varNa mahAvihAra baMdhAvI upara lokezvara buddha chemaMdiranA sonerI dvAranI baMne Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 sthA che. bAjunA thAMbhale zaMkha ane caka che. bhaktipurano siMha dara- nepAlanI pAraMpArika kalA mATe dhUlikhela prasiddha che. vAje I.sa. 1696mAM banyo hato ane te hanumAna, bhairava ahIMthI makAu ane himala sudhI parvatanA zikhare dekhAya ane narasiMha nArAyaNanI paththaranI mUrtiothI suzobhita che. pokhara ghATI khINune to bhAratanA kAmIra ane yuropanA che. rAjA raNajItamale 156mAM baMdhAvela suvarNa daravAje svITajharlenDa sAthe sarakhAvAya che. te 3500 phUTa samudra nepAlanI kalAkRtine samRddha namUno che. rAjA yakSa male sapATIthI UMce che. ane annapUrNA ane dhavalagirinAM 1427mAM baMdhAvela paMcAvana jeTalI katarelI bArIvALA zikhare ahIMthI dekhAya che. pikhara ghATImAM naukAvihAra, mahela tenI kotaraNI mATe adabhuta che. vatsalA maMdirano mAchalI pakaDavAnI ane taravAnI pUrI sagavaDa prApya ghaMTa "bhasatA kUtarAne ghaMTa' kahevAya che. kAraNa te vAgatAM che. rUpAtAla ane beganAsa tAla sarovaranAM sthAnajANe yamarAjane joIne kUtarA bhasavA mAMDe che. pikacara atyaMta ramaNIya che. lAmajagamAM baDA pokhara ane gelerImAM hiMdu ane bauddha tathA tAMtrika zilInAM citro dUdha pokhara nAmanA be taLAve che. temanI pAse 600 vagere jovAlAyaka che. rAjA yakSamale ekaja vRkSanA thaDamAMthI phUTa UMcAIethI paDato "sIyA gauna" dhodha 300 phUTa dattAtreya maMdira baMdhAvyuM. ane 1459mAM vizvamave tenuM UMcAIethI paDato "jArthI" ane 100 phUTa UMcethI paDato samArakAma karAvyuM. A maMdiranI pAchaLanI khaDakImAM rAjA "caMga lAta kholA' dhodha jevA suMdara dhodha nepAlamAM bIje vizvamale kotarAvela suMdara mara-bArIo che. sUrya vinAya kayAMya nathI. pikharA pAse "cameDo ekara " guphAo che ane kanA maMdiranuM sthaLa evI jagyAe AvyuM che ke khINamAM temanuM A nAma temAMnA lAkho cAmAciDiyAne lIdhe paDayuM UgatA sUryanAM prathama kiraNe tenA paraja paDe che. che. pApA ghATI, Ilama vagere aneka prAkRtika sauMdaryathI mana sItAjInI janmabhUmi janakapura nepAlamAM AvelI che. prasanna karatAM sthaLa che. piokharA ne vyu haTala jANItI ane bhagavAna buddhanI janmabhUmi lumbinI udyAna uttara che. ahIM yuropiyana ane nepAlI DhabanA khANAnI vyava. bhAratanA naugaDha sTezanethI 21 mAIla dUra che, jyAM moTara raste javAya che. lumbinI pAse nepAlanA kAThamAMDu nagaranA prAkRtika dRSTie nepAlanA traNa bhAga pADI zakAya che. vimAnI mathakane joDatuM bha20 vimAnI mathaka che. lumbinI (1) dakSiNa tarAMI pradeza. (2) madhyano parvatIya pradeza rUpenadehanI jUnI jagyAmAM che. ahIM bhAMgelo azoka staMbha ane (3) uttarano himAlaya pradeza tarAI pradeza sAthe ja che ane bhagavAna buddhanA mAtA mAyAdevInI suMdara kalAtmaka bhAratanI sImA joDAI che. ane nepAlanA ghaNAkharAM zahero pASANa mUrti che. bauddha dhamIo mATe A eka yAtrAnuM tarAI pradezamAM ja che. virATanagara audyogika kendra che. sthaLa che. sItAnI janmabhUmi janakapura ane gattamabuddhanI janmabhUmi kAThamAMDuthI pUrve 19 mAIla dUra AveluM nagarakeTa spinI tarAI pradezamAM ja che. pokharAmAM saMtarAnA bagIcA 7.133 kaTanI UMcAIe AveluM sthaLa che. ahIMthI sUryAsta ja nahi, paNa jaMgala che ane tyAM pharatAM thAko tyAre ane sUryodaya vakhate hima zikharonuM vividha badalAtA raMgamAM saMtarAno rasa pI levo. kekaTasa-tharanA zokhIno mATe darzana karavuM e eka anero lahAvo che. ahIMthI himAlaya nepAlamAM tenI 29 jAte maLe che. nepAlanA 90 TakA loko parvatamALA paranA sagaramAthA (evaresTa) ane bIjAM zikhare khetI para nirbhara che. spaSTa dekhAya che. kAThamAMDu ghATo ane trizulI nadInI ghATI vacce 6500 phUTanI UMcAI para AvelA kakanI parathI gaNeza nepAlamAM aneka jAtinA loko vase che. pazcimamAM himala pavatanA cAra zikhare sAme AvelAM dekhAya che. guruga ane magara jAtinA loko, madhyamAM gorakhA, tamAMga ahI sapharajananI vADI che ane kakanI hoTalamAM rahevA ane nevAra jAti, pUrvamAM kirAtI ane limbu jAti, jamavAnI vyavasthA thaI zake che. kAThamAMDuthI pUrvamAM 20 uttaramAM bheTiyA ane zerapA loko ane dakSiNamAM thAru mAi Avela dhUlikhelanuM prAkRtika sauMdarya tathA tyAMnI jAtinA loka vase che. kirAtI jAti atyaMta purANI suMdarIonA hasatA caherAnuM AkarSaNa manahara che. jAti che. nevAra jati kalApremI che ane te jAtinA loko Jain Education Intemational

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha 891 dvArA lakhAyela hastapratomAM I.sa. 1053thI 1388 sudhIne utsava mANe che. bauddha loko cetyomAM anAja ane phaLa phUla ya che. te jAtimAM saMskRtanA vidvAna hatA. caDhAve che. temaja bhagavAna buddha ane kRSNanAM jIvananAM nepAlamAM thAru jAtinA 15 lAkha loko che. teo khetI citrothI cityane zaNagAre che. ogaSTa-sapTembaramAM Indrakare che ane hajI pachAta jIvana gALe che. himAlaya Aro- yAtrAno utsava ATha divasa cAle che ane te vakhate jIvaMta haNamAM sahAyarUpa zerapAonuM mukhya gAma kharilA che. kumArIdevI, gaNeza ane bhairavanA rathe kAThamAMDumAM nIkaLe che teonA gAmomAM nAma bajAra deza paradezamAM prasiddha che. ane indranI mUrtio sthaLe sthaLe sthapAya che tathA sAMskRtika kAraNa ahIMthI ja himAlaya ArehaNanI prathama chAvaNInI nRtya thAya che. zarUAta thAya che. ahIM mAtra se jeTalAM ja gharo che. madhya nepAlamAM kAThamAMDuthI lagabhaga trIsa mAIla dUra helammunI | durgApUjAnA utsava prasaMge loke bhAgavatI durgAdevInA ghATI AvelI che. helammuno artha svAgata sthaLa thAya che. darzane jAya che. divALInA utsavane nepAlamAM tihara kahe ahIM koI paNa ajANyA mANasane mAkhaNa mizrita rahA che. te pAMca divasa cAle che ane te vakhate rezanI ane gharamAM banAvela surA (cAMga)thI svAgata thAya che. tathA lakSamIpUjA thAya che. vasaMta athavA zrI paMcamInA helabunI zrIo atyaMta suMdara ane nirAbhimAnI hoya utsava prasaMge sarasavatInI pUjA tathA pustaka, kalama, zAhInA che. nevArI kanyAne lagna pahelAM bIjI kumArI kanyAo sAthe pAtranI pUjA thAya che ane vasaMta rAgamAM gavaiyA stuti kare sUryakiraNa na praveze tevI aMdhArI guphA jevI koTaDImAM che. phAgaNa mahinAnI sAtame rASTrIya prajA taMtra divasa lazkarI rAkhavAmAM Ave che ane zubha divase tene bahAra kADhavAmAM pareDo, saraghasa vagere yojI ujavAya che. eprila mahinAmAM Ave che ane koI puruSa tene de nahi tevI rIte teNe ghoDo jAtrAmAM ghoDAdoDanI zarate rakhAya che. maskendranAthanI nAhI dheIne sarvaprathama sUryanI pUjA karavI paDe che. tevAra rathayAtrA saMbaMdhI kahevAya che ke, machundranAthanA mukhya lokomAM vara vagaranI jAna kanyAne tyAM DolI sAthe Ave che ziSya gorakhanAtha nepAla AvyA tyAre temanuM yogya svAgata ane kanyAne varane tyAM laI jAya che. thayuM nahi, tethI kodhita thaIne te kAThamAMDu pAse eka pahADamAM bAravarSa rahyA ane te daramyAna varasAda paDyo nepAlamAM eka kahevata che ke " varSanA divase karatAM nahi. AthI loko temane manAvavA gayA. paNa te mAnyA vadhAre utsavo hoya che. nepAlI lokonuM besatuM-nutana varSa nahi. AthI bhAdagAMvanA rAjA narendradeve mahendranAthane vaizAkhane paDavo che. te divase kAThamAMDuM ane bhAgAMvamAM kAThamAMDu AvavA prArthanA karI. khUba muzkelIne aMte aneka bharavayAtrAmAM be thI nIkaLe che. eka rathayAtrA ane bIjI vinavaNI karyAthI te kAThamAMDu AvyA ane gurunA darzana vIMga yAtrA kahevAya che. rathayAtrAmAM bharava-bhairavInI pratimAone- karavA gorakhanAthane paNa AvavuM paDyuM. Ama have bAra varSa varaghoDo nagaramAM vAjate gAjate phare che. liMgayAtrAnA bAda varasAda paDaze ane jamIna tRpta thaI. temanA mAnamAM divase khAsa prakAranI lAkaDIo ane thAMbhalA bhakatajane dara varSe utsava manAvavAnI rAjAe ghoSaNA karI. gaNezane rApe che ane pratimAo samakSa bheMsanuM-pADAnuM balidAna iDAno prasAda dharAvAya che ane temanI pUjAmAM maraghInuM apAya che. vaizAkhI pUrNimAe bauddha maMdiromAM bhAre utsava balidAna apAya che. sarasvatIne haMsa ane bakarAnuM balidAna hoya che. eprilamAM pATanamAM mahendranAtha rathayAtrA utsava apAya che. dazerAnA avasare hajAre bheMsa pADAnuM balidAna keTalAka aThavADiyA cAle che. 11 mI juna zrI pAMcako apAya che. bhagavAna pazupatinAthane paNuM balidAna apAya che. janmadivasa-mahArAjAnI varSagAMThane utsava sarvatra dhAmadhUmathI ujavAya che. julAI-ogaSTamAM ghaTAkarNa utsavamAM tripada nepAla e sarva dharma samanvayanI bhUmi che. hiMdudhamIe vAMsa lIlA pAna sAthe cAra raste ropAya che. kAThamAMDumAM ane bauddha dhamIo ekabIjAnA dharma pratye Adara seve che aThavADiyA sudhI ogaSTamAM gAya-yAtrAno tahevAra manAya ane ekabIjAnA tahevAronA utsavomAM AnaMdapUrvaka bhAga che. loke mahorAM paherI nakalI siMha banI gAyonA pAchaLa le che. bauddha dharmane phelAvo nepAlamAM bhagavAna buddhanA saraghasamAM ghUme che. cUsta hinduo phakta prathama dine ja paTTaziSya AnaMda dvArA thayo hato. paraMtu bhagavAna buddha Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga paNa pitAnI janmabhUmimAM jJAnaprApti bAda AvyA hatA prasAda dhimire, gopAlaprasAda riyAla, vADadela ane janAdana, ane kapilavastumAM zAkAne dikSA ApI hatI. samrATa zamazera vageree nepAlI sAhityane sArI rIte samRddha karavA azeke rAjakumArI cAmaDIne nepAlI rAjakumAra devapAla prayAsa karyA che. vi. saM. 1942 mAM nepAlI sAhityane sAthe paraNAvI hatI. azoke kAThamAMDu ane tenI AjubAju sArI rIte samRddha karavA prayAsa karyA che. vi. saM. 1942 mAM aneka vihAra ane tRpe baMdhAvyA hatA. bhagavAna buddhanA nepAlI bhASAnuM prathama vartamAna patra "gorakhA bhArata jIvana" janmasthAna lukhinImAM I. sa. 1896mAM Do. e. e. bhAratanA kAzImAMthI pragaTa thAya che. zrI siddhicaraNa dvArA phayuhare azoka staMbha ane brAhIlipimAM lakhela zIlA- saMpAdita prathama dainika samAcAra patra "avAja" pragaTa thayuM. lekha zodhyA. lumbinI pAse baMjaraDI gAmamAM puratatva nepAlamAM 3,400 jeTalI prAthamika zALAo, 160 jeTalI saMzodhana dvArA I. sa. pUrve 900 nA samayanA maLelA hAIku ane 27 kolejo che. nepAla sarakAre mATInA vAsaNa para kALA raMge raMgelA citro che. "mA" nAmanI prathama nepAlo philma taiyAra karAvI. philamanI nepalIonuM khukharI-nRtya pahADomAM pracalita che. nAyikA bhuvana thApA thAya che, ane nAyaka zivazaMkara ane pArzvagAyikA nepAlanI tArAdevI che. devaDA eka sAmUhika nRtya che. pazcimamAM doTI ane dekha nRtya ane pUrvamAM bheTe sele ane pUrviyA nRtya pracalita - cInI bhASAnA arthamAM nepAlana artha UnanuM bAra che. tarAI pradezanA mAchImAro ane khalAsIo durgAbhavAnIne thAya che. ne nAmanA muninA vasavATathI te pradeza samRddha thaye, tethI tenuM nAma nepAla paDayuM. evI paNa daMtakathA che. aneka prasanna karavA-jhijhiyA nRtya kare che. nepAlIo ApaNA zaheramAM Unane mAla vecI rahyA che. nepAlI-gorakhAlI bhASAnI utpatti saMskRta-apa- bhAratane A nAno paDozI deza rAjA mahendra vikama bhraMzamAMthI thaI che. nepAlI bhASAmAM sauthI jUno lekha viThama zAhanA netRtva heThaLa bhArata, cIna amerikA vagere dezanA saMvata 1413 no karNAlI prAMtanA rAjA pRthvImale AlekhAvela sahakAra ane madada meLavI jhaDapathI pragati karI kahyA che. che. vi. saMvata 1394 nepAlI sAhityano prAraMbhika kAla gaNAya che. nepAlI sAhityanI tAmralekha ane zIlA lekho sivAyanI prathama sAhitya graMtha rUpI kRti paMDita premanAtha kRta zubhecchA pAThave che "prAyazcita pradIpa" che. nepAlI bhASAnuM vyAkaraNa prathamavAra eka aMgreje je eTane lakhyuM ane pragaTa karyuM. kRSNa bhakta kaviomAM "Indirasa" nuM nAma ullekhanIya che. yadunAtha pokharela ane cuMdarAnaMda bAMDA vIra rasanA kavi lekhake zrI ghelA sevA sahakArI maMDaLI che. bhAnubhakta AcArya-nepAlInA Adikavino janma tana ghobA huMmAM thayo hato. ane temaNe nepAlI bhASAmAM rAmAyaNanI ji. bhAvanagara) racanA karI. vi. saMvata 1944 thI pustako chapAvA lAgyAM. zrI motIrAma bhaTTa sAhitya vikAsamAM sAro phALo Ape. teo gadya sAhityanA pitA gaNAya, lekhanAtha paDyAlayanI kavitAmAM bharapUra suMdaratA che. bAlakRSNa zamazere ne pAlInI navI bolImAM nATako pAM. saradAra rudrarAja pAMDecanI racanAo "rUpamatI, "caspI kalI," "prAyazcita', 'premaparyApta jANItI che. kavi lakSamIprasAda devakoTAnI kRti "munAmadana" atyaMta suMdara che. bhImanidhi tihArI, dharaNIdhara kaMIrAlA, kedAranAtha vyathita, sUrya vikama jhalAvI, vagerenAM kAvyo ane vArtAo prasiddha che. gadya lekhakomAM hRdayacaMdra pradhAna, mAdhava - - - - - - - ra ga na Jain Education Intemational

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bhAratamAM islAma saMskRtino saMgharSa ane samanvaya prAstavika : islAmanA udaya samaye arabastAnanI sthiti : duniyAnA itihAsamAM ismAlanA udaya e sAmAjika, dhArmika ane rAjakIya dRSTie eka mahattvanI ghaTanA gaNAya che. IslAma zabda 'salemA' parathI banyA che. jene atha ' garadana jhukAvavI ' namAvavuM mAthuM ' salAmati ApavI' evA thAya che. IslAmanA janma IsavIsananA chaThThA saikAmAM arakhastAnamAM thayA hatA. tenA janmadAtA hatA hajarata mahaMmad payagambara sAheba. temanA samayanI arabastAnanI rAjakIya, sAmAjika ane dhArmika sthiti taddana kathaLelI hatI mArabastAna aneka nAnAM nAnAM svata Mtra temaja parataMtra rAjyAmAMvabhakta hatu. arabastAnaneA samAja sekaDe kabIlAomAM vaheMcAyA hatA aneka kuTumbe A kabIlAenA Azraye sapa ane sahakArathI rahetAM hatAM. ekabIjAne sukhadu:khamAM madada karavI, muzkelInA samayamAM ekabIjAne acAva karavA tene tee peAtAnI pharaja samajatA. A prakAranA dareka kabIlAne pAtA saradAra hatA. je ' zekha' kahevAtA, AvA saradAranI cUMTaNI kabIlAnA dareka kuTuMbanA matathI karavAmAM AvatI. kabIlAnA A 'zekha ' yuddhanA samayamAM senApati ane dhArmika khakhate mAM dharmagurunI pharajo bajAvatA. A kabIlAnI maryAdA e hatI ke tene pAtanA kuLanuM anahaMda mimAna hatuM. A mithyA kulArNAbhamAnane kAraNe teemAM dAdara bhAre vikhavAda pravartatA hatA, je khUnakhAra laDAimAM pariNamate hatA. kAI eka kabIlAnI eka vyakti bIjI kabIlInI bIjI vyaktinuM apamAna karatI tyAre ane kabIlAo vacce kAyamI vera khaMdhAtuM ane ekabIjA sAme talavAra khecAtI. A paristhitinuM varNana karatAM 'hAlI' kahe cheH prakAranA 1 kAle eTale sUryAstu khAtA samUha : De. cInubhAI nAyaka, na Talate the haragIja jo aDa baiThate the, sulajhate na the jaba jhagaDa baiThate the, jo do saravsa Apasa meM laDa baiThate the, to saha kavIle bigaDa baiThate the. (jo teo kAI vAta pakaDI besatA te tenAthI kadI paNa TaLatAM na hatA. jo teo jhaghaDA karI besatA tA kadI zAMta thatA na hatA, jo e vyakti a'dAdara laDatI te kAyama mATe kabIlAe bagaDI jatA hatA. ) A prakAranI parasparanI laDAiomAM je puruSo, saue ane bALako keda pakaDAtAM teone gulAmanI mAphaka rAkhavAmAM AvatAM ane temanA pratye krUra ane ghAtakI vana rAkhavAmAM Avatu. arabastAnanA samAjamAM e samaye strIo ane gulAmenI sthiti taddana halakI hatI. temane pazuonI mAphaka khullA bAramAM vecavAmAM AvatA ! gulAma banelI sIAne vezyAo tarIke ja rAkhavAmAM AvatI ane temanA dvArA temanA mAlika khUba paisA kamAte! dIkarIne janma apazukaniyALa manAte ane tene dUdha pItI karavAnA rivAja sAmAnya hatA. te samayanA Arama samAjamAM pracAlata kahevata hatI ke sAtha uttama mAI kabara che. ' ezakhArAma, bephAma unmAda, dArU, bhicAra, jugAra vagere badIo samAjamAM ghara karI beThI hatI. arabastananA samAjanI badIonuM A citra AlekhatAM hAMlI sAheba kahuM juvA unakI dIna rAta kI dallagI zrI zarAva unakI ghuTTImeM gAyA par3I thIM, tabadgurA cA, paNata thI, TIvAnI thI, garaja hara taraha unakI hAlata burI thI. (jugAra teonI rAta-divasanI ramuja hatI, zarAma emanA

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 hatI. ghaTImAM hatI, mojamajA, bephikarAI ane dIvAnapaNAmAM (2) hajarata abrahama, (3) hajarata majhIjha (4) hajarata teo lIna hatA, eTale badhI rIte emanI hAlata kharAba IzA (Izu khrista) ane (5) hajarata mahaMmada payagambara sAheba. A sarvemAM hajarata mahaMmada payagambara chelA hoI temanuM mahatvA IslAmamAM vizeSa svIkArAyuM che. hajaA samayanI arabastAnanI dhArmika sthiti paNa rata mahaMmada payagambara sAhebane uchera garIbI ane aneka sAmAjika sthiti jeTalI saMkucita hatI. arabastAnamAM A prakAranI muzkelIomAM thayo hato. bALapaNathI ja teo samaye prAcIna Araba dharma, sAbiyana dharma, yahudI dharma ramatagamatamAM samaya gujAravAne badale ekAMtamAM rahI ciMtana ane khristI dharma pracAramAM hatA. kurAne zarIphamAM A karatA hatA. pitAnA samAjanI kathaLelI paristhitithI teo yugane "ala jahIlivAha" yAne ajJAnayuga" tarIke varNana khUba khinna rahetA hatA. khadIjAbAnu sAthe lagna karyA pachI vavAmAM Avela che. dareka kabIlAne deva judo hato. koI paNa teo kurasadane samaya dhArmika ciMtanamAM gujAratA hatA ! "habala', kaI "saphA" te vaLI kaI "ujajhA" deva para zarUAtamAM to teo mAtra ramajAna mAsamAM ja hIrA parvaphidA hatA. alAha eke che evo koI zubha vicAra tanI guphAmAM ciMtana mATe jatA hatA. paraMtu samaya jatAM teomAM na hatuM. kabIlAonA devanA nAme aneka aniSTo khudAtAlAnI tIvra laganI lAgatAM bAre mAsa teone mATe poSAtAM hatAM. eka kabIlAnA kuTuMbone bIjA kabIlAnA ramajAna banI gayA. ema manAya che ke Akhare khudAnI kuTuMba sAthe verajhera hoya to temanA je te devo pratye paNa rahema temanA para UtarI ane khudAnA phirastA jibrAIle verajhera rakhAtuM! are, keTalIka vAra to mANasanI jema je teone khudAnI vadI ApI ane kahyuM : "khudAe tamane te kabIlAnA devane paNa keda pakaDavAmAM AvatA ! kabIlAnA payagambara tarIke pasaMda karyA che." thoDAka samaya pachI hajadevone khuza rAkhavA pazuonA ane kayAreka manuSyanA bhega rata mahaMmada sAhebane Avo bIjo anubhava thayo. have paNa apAtA. A yuganA samAjamAM devapUjA uparAMta prakRti. temanA manamAM vAta pAkI thaI gaI hatI ke khudAe teone pUjA, pretapUjA, pitRpUjA, prANIpUjA paNa pracAramAM hatI. A duniyAmAM kaI umadA kArya mATe mokalyA che. "allAha dharmanA nAme kAmaNamaNa, jAdumaMtara ane vahemane protsAhana eka ja che ane te ja mahAna che temaja pUjya che. - e ApavAmAM AvatuM. Ama A yugane arabastAnane samAja sidhdhAntanuM emaNe samarthana karyuM. Ama karavAthI makkAnA vahema, ajJAna ane aMdhakAramAM DUbale hato. mUrtipUjako temanA pratye gusse thayA ane teone mArI nAMkhavA mATe tarakIbo ajamAvavA lAgyA. Ama chatAM hajarata mahaMmada payagambara : teo hajarata mahaMmada payagambara sAhebane temanA mArga ajJAna, vahema ane aMdhakAramAM DUbelI arabastAnanI mAMthI DagAvI zakyA nahIM. makAnA kurezIothI trAsIne janatAne khudAnA sAco payagAma hajarata mahaMmada payagambara payagambara sAhebane I. sa. 622mAM madIna tarapha hijasAhebe Apyo. IslAmamAM evI mAnyatA pravarte che ke rata karI javAnI pharaja pADI. A varSathI muslimonuM khudA jyAre pitAne saMdeza pahoMcADavA mATe potAnA keI hijarI saMvata zarU thayuM ema manAya che. madInAnA adhika pyArA baMdAne pasaMda kare che tyAre te "payagambara' lokee payagambara sAhebane sAro AvakAra Apyo ane kahevAya che. arabI bhASAmAM AvA pavitra mAnavIne "bI" temanA dharmane svIkAra karyo. IslAmane have udaya thaye. athavA "rasUla" kahevAmAM Ave che. IslAmamAM evI paNa makkAnA kurezIone paNa potAnI bhUla samajAI ane mAnyatA che ke duniyA upara pitAne payagAma pahoMcADavA payagambara sAheba sAthe suleha karI. pitAnA AcaraNa mATe khudAe vakhatovakhata pitAnA "rasUla" "nabIe" dvArA hajarata mahaMmada payagambara sAhebe arabastAnanI mokalIne duniyAno uddhAra karyo che. khudAnA A paya... prajAne prema ane zAMtine dharma samajAvyA. temanA upadezamAM gambarAduniyAmAM pitAnA jIvana ane kArya dvArA khudAnuM temaNe UMcanIcanA ane kuLanA bheda cheDI devAnI, chetaranUra pragaTa karatA hoya che. atyAra sudhI pAMca payagambare piMDI na karavAnI, dArU, jugAra, vyabhicAra, hiMsA vagere thayA hovAnuM islAmamAM manAya che : (1) hajarata nahA, kharAba karmo nahI karavAnI ane eka ja allAhanI IbAdatta Jain Education Intemational ion International

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smRti saMdabha praya 995 katA, karavA upadeza Ape. bAsaTha varSanI uMmare I. sa. 632nA IslAmI paraMparAnA cothA khalIphA tarIke hajarata alInuM jUna mAsanI AThamI tArIkhe khudAnI baMdagI karatAM karatAM nAma gaNAya che. teo paNa bIjA khalIphAnI jema hajarata teo jannata nazIna thayA. arabastAnanI aMdhakAramAM atha- mahaMmada payagambara sAheba pratye khUba AdarabhAva rAkhatA hatA. DAtI prajAne temaNe IslAmano navo prakAza batAvyo ane payagambara sAhebanA jIvanamAM je je yuddho khelAyA hatA temAM pitAnA jIvanakArya dvArA khudAI nUra pragaTa karyuM. saiyada temaNe khUba bahAdurI batAvIne kahaidara' eTale ke "siMha"nuM amIraalI kahe che ke "abhaNa payagambarano mahAna Ika- birUda meLavyuM hatuM. islAmamAM samaya jatAM je be paMthe. kAla hajarata mahaMmadane ja che." ziyA ane sunnI paDI gayA temAM ziyApaMthI hajarata alIne IslAmanA khaliphAo : payagambara sAhebanA sAcA ane prathama khalIphA tarIke mAne hajarata mahaMmada payagambara sAhebanA maraNa pachI temanA che. khalIphAnI gAdIe AvyA pachI potAnI salAmati ane aMtevAsI cAra khalIphAoe temanuM jIvanakArya cAlu rAkhyuM. zAMti mATe hajarata alIne paNa aneka yuddho khelavA paDyA temanA prayAsonA kAraNe IslAma samagra arabastAna ane hatA. teo talavAra ane kalama calAvavAmAM niSNAta hatA. AsapAsanA pradezamAM phelAye. A cAra khalIphAo hatA? temaNe arabI bhASAnuM sau prathama vyAkaraNa racyuM hovAnuM manAya (1) hajarata abubakara (2) hajarata umara (3) hajarata che. teone paNa parasparanAM verajhera, kAvAdAvA ane zreSanA kAraNe dumananA khaMjaranA bhoga banIne mRtyune bheTavuM paDayuM. usamAna ane (4) hajarata alI. hajarata abubakarane marInAnA lokoe hajarata mahaMmada payagambaranI gAdI sAcavavA IslAmanA ItihAsamAM A khalIphAone yuga dhArmika emanA pratinidhi tarIke nImyA hatA. teo atyaMta pAka pracAranI daSTie suvarNayuga tarIke oLakhAya che. dila ane ImAnadAra puruSa hatA. temaNe IslAmane saMgaThita karI tene pelesTAIna, dakSiNa siriyA ane IrAka sudhI bhAratamAM IslAmanuM Agamana: vistAra karyo temaNe pitAnA anugAmI khalIphA tarIke bhAratamAM IslAmanuM Agamana Araba dvArA thayuM. hajarata umaranI nimaNuMka karI. arabastAna sAthe bhAratane itihAsanA ugamakALathI vepArI hajarata upara islAmanI paraMparAmAM nisvArtha ane saMsaMdhe hatA evA ghaNA purAvAo prApta thayA che. bhAratane nyAyI khalIphA tarIke prasiddha pAmyA che. nyAyanA vitaraNumAM pazcimI baMdare sAme arabastAnane dhIkata vepAra cAlato garIba ke amIranA bheda temanA manamAM rahetA nahIM. moTA hate. AraenuM bhAratIyo pratyenuM valaNa mAyALu ane amIro ane lazkarI amaladArane nazyata karavAmAM teo maitrIbharyuM hatuM. bhAratanA rAjavIoe teone pitAnAM pAchI pAnI karatA na hatA. temaNe potAnI samazeranI tAkA dharmasthAne UbhA karavAnI paNa maMjurI ApI hatI ! tathI IrAnI sAmrAjyano nAza karyo ane pazcimamAM tripalIthI Araboe IslAmane svIkAra karyA pachI bhArata pratyenuM mAM pUrvamAM balucistAna sudhI IslAmane digvijaya karyo. valaNa badalAI gayuM. IslAmanA kAraNe temanAmAM sAmAjika binamuslimo pratye temane vartAva khUba sadabhAvAbharyo hato. ane dhArmika ekatA evI AvI ke rAjakIya jIte prApta hajarata alI pachI khalIphA tarIke hajarata usamAnanI karIne, kApharono nAza karIne ane dharmAtaro karAvIne islAmano varaNI karavAmAM AvI. ema manAya che ke teone AkhuM phelAvo karo. Abee vIsa varSanA TUMkA gALAmAM te kurAna moDhe hatuM. teo khUba udAra hatA. emanA dvArethI siriyA, pelesTAIna, Ijipta ane IrAna jItI lIdhAM. koIpaNa phakIra ke garIba khAlI hAthe pAcho pharyo na hato. pazcima bhAratanA samRddha baMdarathI teo vAkepha hovAthI temaNe pite khUba dhanI hovA chatAM temanuM jIvana sAduM ane saMyamI bhAratane paNa pitAnuM nizAna banAvyuM. khalIphA hajarata hatuM. temano niyama hato ke dara jummAnA divase (zukravAre) umaranA samayamAM I.sa. 636-37mAM muMbaI najIkanA thANA eka gulAmane mukti ApAvavI! parasparanAM kalaha ane baMdare prathama naukA humalo karavAmAM Avyo. paraMtu temAM ISane kAraNe temanuM karapINa rIte khUna karavAmAM AvyuM. teo phAvyA nahIM. A pachI temaNe bharUca, siMdha, debalanI saiyada amIraalI : " siTi opha IslAma khADI tathA balucistAna jItavA prayatno karyA paNa phAvyA Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAgara nahIM. Ama chatAM bhArata para vijaya meLavavA mATe temanA lIdhuM ane I.sa. 1178 nAM aNahIlavADa pATaNanA solaMdha prayatno teoe cAlu rAkhyA. bhAratanA je vepArIo sAthe rAjAne harAvyuM. ajameranA cauhANuvaMzanA rAjA pRthvIteone saMbaMdha hatA temano geralAbha uThAvIne temaNe rAja- rAjane paNa teNe harAvyA hatA. bhAratamAM teNe potAnA vizvAsu kIya ane lazkarI vigato prApta karI. sAtamI sadIne saradAra kubuddIna ayabakane dilhImAM moTuM lazkara ApI adhavacamAM temaNe aphaghAnistAnamAM karaMja jItI lIdhuM. rAkhyo hato. ahIMthI AgaLa vadhIne balUcistAnanuM makAna paNa pitAnI bhAratamAM muslima rAjya : sattA nIce ApyuM. ahIMthI kAbUla upara temaNe satata AkramaNe cAlu rAkhyAM. bIjI bAju balucistAnamAMthI temaNe bhAratamAM muralamonA AkramaNanI zarUAta IsavIsananA siMdha jItavA prayatno zarU karyo. I. sa. 711mAM IrAkanA sAtamAM sakAthI thaI hovA chatAM teo bAramI sadInA chelalA rAjavI hajajAjhe pitAnA pitarAI bhAI tema ja jamAI caraNamAM sattA sthApavAne zaktimAna thayA hatA. dilahImAM mahamada-bina-kAsamane moTuM lazkara laI siMdhanA rAjavI muslima sattAne pAye zihAbuddIna ghorInA nAyaba kubuddIna dAhira para ravAnA karyo. siMdhamAM keTalAka bauddho ane ayabake nAkhe ema kahI zakAya. bhAratamAM muslima rAjyahiMduoe dAhiranI viruddha jaIne videzI AkramaNakArane amala mughala jamAnAmAM to tenA vikAsanI caramasImAe madada karI. pariNAme siMdha pradeza ArabAnI sattA nIce pahoMcyo hato. auraMgajhebanA samayathI muslimonI paDatI AvyuM. TarkonA Agamana sudhI temaNe potAnI sattA siMdhamAM zarU thaI gaI. TakAvI rAkhI. siMdhamAMthI bhArata para AkramaNa karavAmAM teo | bhAratanA ItiDAhamAM muslima sulatAnane ItihAsa niSphala gayA hatA. aneka prapaMca, kAvAdAvA ane khaTapaTathI bharelo che. A siMdhamAMthI navamA saikAnA madhyabhAgamAM ArabonI sattA yuganAM ItihAsanA pAnAM lohIthI kharaDAyelAM che. pitA, naSTa thaI hatI. Tarka lokoe Arae rabheluM kArya kAkA, bhAI, pa, sagAvahAlAM ane amIronAM khUnathI pUruM karyuM. gajanA khAte I.sa. 942 mAM alakhagIna nAmanA keTalAka sulatAnanA hAtha ba2DAyelA che. gulAma vaMzathI te Taka netAe svataMtra rAjya jamAvyuM. aphaghAnistAnamAM A eka mughalavaMzanA sulatAnamAM bhAgye ja koI evo sulatAna samaye hiMdu rAjavIo rAjya karatA hatA. temanuM rAjya haze ke je rAjakIya dAvapecathI alipta rahI zakyo haze! paMjAbamAM cinAbathI mAMDIne cheka hiMdukuza sudhI vistareluM muslima sulatAne ne rAjakIya ItihAsa aneka prakAranI hatuM. gajanAnA sulatAnone lAgyuM hatuM ke bhAratamAM praveza karuNa kathAothI bharelo che. meLavavA mATe A hiMdu rAjyanA prathama nAza karavo joIe. rAjakIya itihAsanI dRSTie joIe te bhAratamAM sulatAna alaptacInanA vaMzajoe A mATe prayatno karyA muslima sattAne ItihAsa be vibhAgamAM vaheMcAI jAya che hatA ane Akhare temAM saphaLa nIvaDayA hatA. bhAratane Taka (1) satanata kAla ane () mughala kAla. salatanatakAlano lazkarane je prathama anubhava thayo te mahamUda gajhanavIno samaya I.sa. 1906 thI I.sa. 1526 sudhIno manAya che. jemAM hato. IslAmamAM apAra zraddhA hovAthI A sulatAne bina mansuka vaMza athavA gulAma vaMza, khalajI vaMza, tugalaka vaMza, IslAmIo pratye krara ane ghAtakI Akrama karyo. bhArata saiyada vaMza ane deza kI vaMzanA sulatAnane rAja amalano upara teNe kula sattara vakhata AkramaNa karyA hatAM ane samAveza thAya che. mughala kAlano samaya I.sa. 1526 thI aDhaLaka dravyanI lUMTa karI hatI. Ama chatAM nedhavuM joie I.sa. 1857 sudhInA manAya che. jemAM bAbara, humAyUka ke bhArata sArthaka rIte khUba samRddha hovAthI enI lUMTaphATanI akabara, jahAMgIra, zAhajahAM, kho"gajheba ane pAchaLanA kaI asara thaI na hatI. mahamUda gajhanavInA maraNa mughala sulatAnAne ramAveza thAya che. A badhA sulatAnonA pachI tenuM sAmrAjya paDI bhAMgyuM. tenA umarAdhikArIo rAjakIya ItihAsa nI vigata " lekhamAM bina jarUrI hoI nabaLA hovAthI bIjI prajAe tene lAbha uThAve. te ApavAmAM AvI nathI. temanA rAjaya amala daramiyAna mahamUda gajhanavI pachI bhArata para AkramaNa karanAra be prajAo vacce je sAMskRtika saMgharSa ane samanvaya thayo. muhammada ghorI hato, I.sa. 1175 mAM teNe siMdha chatI tenI keTalIka vigato tapAsIe. Jain Education Intemational Personal Use Only

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha saMskRtiono saMgharSa : tAmAM ghI homyuM. A baMne prajAe kAyama mATe laDatI jhaghaDatI rahe emAM teone potAnuM hita dekhAtuM hatuM. muslima rAjya e sAMpradAyika rAjya (Theocratic komavAdanAM evAM to jherI bI vavAyAM hatAM ke bhAratanA State hovAthI IslAmano pracAra ane piSaNa e enuM mukhya dhyeya hatuM. dareka muslima sulatAna kurAnezarIphanA pharamAna mujaba bhAgalA paDayA pachI paNa tene nAza thavAne badale te vikasyAM ja vahIvaTa karato hato. muslima sulatAna potAne alA che! dharmanA nAme Aje paNa bhArata ane pAkistAnamAM hane pratinidhi mAnato. allAhanA pratinidhi tarIke te avAranavAra hulaDo phATI nIkaLe che ane nirdoSanA lohInI nadIo vahe che! komavAdanI vedI upara ja rASTrapitA saghaLo rAjyavahIvaTa calAvato. A mAnyatAmAM akabara judA gAMdhIjInuM balidAna levAyuM hovA chatAM, zALA-mahAzALAtarI Ave che. tene islAmI paraMparA toDIne "dIne-IlA emAM "mags nadI phiNAtA 3pa ra AvanA' kavihI"nI vicArasaraNI raju karI. paraMtu A navI vicArasaraNI tAnI kaDI vidyAthIone gokhAvI hovA chatAM, svAtaMtryottara tenA custa muslima sAthIone anukULa na hoI akabaranA bhAratamAM ke pAkistAnamAM ApaNe tenAthI mukta kahI zakyA maraNa sAthe ja maraNa pAmI ! muslima sulatAne ane temanA chIe kharA? e ItihAsano kUTa prazna che. saMskRtine pUrva adhikArIo kevaLa ilAmanA pracAra ane prasAra mATe ja ke pazcima, hiMdu ke muslima evA koI bheda hoI zake Akramaka svarUpamAM AvyA tevI lAgaNI hiMdu prajAmAM daDha thaI kharA? haragIjha nahIM. gaI hatI. martipUjAno nAza karavo ane kAronuM dhamantara karAvavuM e muslima sulatAnanI pharaja manAtI. kApharane saMskRtiono samanvaya : artha "InkAra karanAra' eTale ke khudAtAlAe tenA potAnA dharmanuM zreya mAnavasamAja ke saMskRti vacce bheda mATe je cIja vastuo bakSI che te mATe kRtajJa na bananAra rekhAo pADavAnuM nathI paraMtu prajAo vacce prema, maMtrI, nAstika evo thAya che. rAjyamAM je ulamA (dharma sahakAra, zAMti ane ImAnadArI vadhe e jovAnuM che. dharmanI guruo ) hatA te sulatAnane tenI A pharajanuM bhAna sAMpradAyika sakacitatAne kAraNe mAnava ItihAsa lehIthI karAvatA hatA. pariNAma bahu spaSTa hatuM: saMgharSa. kharaDAyelo che. bhAratano hiMdu-muslima ItihAsa A vAtanI bhAratano sAMskRtika ItihAsa jotAM jaNAya che ke cheka sAkSI pUre che. prajA enuM hita saMdharSa mAM nahIM paNa samaprAcInakALathI ahIM aneka videzI prajAo potAnA AcAra- vayamAM raheluM che. saMdharSomAM kaI saMrakRti TakI zakavAnI vicAra ane saMskRti sAthe AvI hatI ane kramazaH ahIMnI hatI ? sAMskRtika samanvayanI bAbatamAM bhAratano ItihAsa saMskRtimAM bhaLI gaI hatI. A prajAomAM yavane, zako, tenA yugeyuge samRddha celo che. Aga ane talavArane trAsa kuzaNo, pahalavo, hUNo vagerene gaNAvI zakAya. bhArate bahu ApanAra, lUMTaphATa ane dharmAtara karAvanAra muslima pratye udAratApUrvaka A prajAone pitAnAmAM samAvI dIdhI hatI. udAratA dAkhavI hatI. teo paNa bhAratIya jJAna-vijJAnathI pariNAma e AvyuM ke bhAratIya saMskRtinuM paToLuM vividha- mahAna thayA hovA chatA temanI sAthenA samavayanI kriyA raMgI banI gayuM ! A badhI prajAoe paNa bhAratanA judAjudA atyaMta vikaTa banI hatI e etihAsika satya paNa nakArI bhAgomAM potAnI sattA jamAvI hatI paraMtu potAno vicAra zakAze nahI. ke dharma lAdavAno prayatna karyo na hato. uparathI teo to bhAratIya saMraka ta prabhAvita banIne tenA raMge raMgAI gaI bhAratanA ghaNA ItihAsa do ane samAjazAstrIe e hatI! eka rIte kahIe te bhAratIya saMskRtimAM teonuM "islAmanI hiMdu saMskRti para asara' ane 'hiMdu saMskRtinI rasAyaNa thaI gayuM hatuM. bhAratanA itihAsanI kamanazIbI murilama samAja para asara' dize pitAnA bhinnabhinna mato e che ke AvuM sAMskRtika rasAyaNa muslima prajAnuM thaI 2ju karyA che. lagabhaga AThaso varSa sudhI rAjya karanAra zakayuM nahIM ! madhyakAlanA sAdhu-saMte, phakIro ane eli. videzI prajA dhArmika saMgharSa hovA chatAM sAMskRtika samanvaya yAoe aneka prayatno karyA hovA chatAM A prajAo vacce vinA kevI rIte TakI zake ? duniyAnI koIpaNa saMskRti kaI meLa sAdhI zakAyo na hato! aMgrejoe AvI baLa- ekAMtrI rahI zake nahIM, ItihAsanA aneka purAvAo kahe Jain Education Intemational Education Intermational

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898 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 che IslAma ane hiMdu saMskRti pitAnA aneka saMgharSo vacce niyamo vadhAre sakhata banAvAyA hatA. A niyamane bhaMga paNa samavayanI prakriyAmAMthI bAkAta rahI zakI nahIM. A karanArane jJAtibahAra mUkI tene "dI devatA baMdha' 3 samanvaya rAjakIya, sAmAjika, Arthika, dhArmika ane kalAnA karavAmAM Avato. A pramANe jJAti bahA mUkAela kuTuMba kSetromAM thayo hato. pitAnI halakI athavA paradhamI kuTuMba sAthe vahevAra joDatuM. pariNAme aneka jJAtio ane peTAjJAtio pracAramAM hatI. rAjakIya : jJAtiprathAno A roga muslimomAM paNa zarU thayo hate. rAjakIya kSetre vicAra karIe to e jamAnAmAM chinna- teomAM paNa "dezI" ane "videzI", "sarakArI" ane vichinna thaelA bhAtane muslimoe eka suvyavasthita "sAmAnya" tema ja UMcanIcanA bheda paDI gayA hatA ! vahIvaTItaMtra ApyuM. zerazAha sUra ane akabaranA samayamAM maMgala, Tarka, paThANe, aphagAna vagerenA sAmAjika rItate A vahIvaTataMtra eTaluM taMdurasta banyuM hatuM ke tenA rivAja alagaalaga hatA ! dhArmika bAbatomAM "sunnI" keTalAka vibhAgo aMgrejoe paNa apanAvI lIdhA hatA ! ane "ziyA" vacce paNa satata matabhedo cAlu rahetA hatA. sAmrAjayane aneka prAntamAM vaheMcI tenA para sUbAo samAjamAM strIno darajajo sAva nIce gayo hato. nImavAmAM AvatA hatA. A prAntone paNa nAnA vibhAgamAM muslima kanyAone upADI jatA hovAthI bALalagno thatAM vaheMcI devAmAM AvyA hatA je " sarakAra" athavA "jillo hatAM. vidhavAne punarlagnanI chUTa na hovAthI keTalIka vAra te kahevAtAM, AvA dareka jillAmAM be adhikArI mukhya hatA meLAo ane utsava vakhate kuTuMbIjanonA trAsamAMthI sikkadAra ane muzI. sikkadAranuM kArya jamIna mahesUla UgarI javA mATe vidhamIo sAthe bhAgI jatI hatI! aMgenuM hatuM ane muzInuM kArya phariyAda sAMbhaLI nyAya A sAmAjika badI dUra karavA mATe ja 18mI sadInI zarUkaravAnuM hatuM. khetI ane vepAra rojagAra pratye paNa rAjya AtamAM rAjA rAmamohana rAye vidhavA vivAhanI himAyata taraphathI pUratuM dhyAna ApavAmAM AvatuM. rAjyanA mArgo, karI hatI. lagna prathAmAM kariyAvarane mahatva apAtuM hovAthI jAhera makAna ane dhArmika makAna bAMdhavA mATe paNa alaga "kajoDAM 'nI saMkhyA vadhatI jatI hatI. pariNAme lagnajIvana khAtuM hatuM. rAjyanA judAM judAM khAtAomAM je hoddedAro ane kuTuMbajIvana veravikhera rahetuM hatuM. samAjamAM vezyAhatA temanI aTako Aje paNa hiMdu samAja mAM jaLavAI rahelI jovA maLe che jevIke munsapha, amIna, sikkadAra, onI saMsthA paNa A kAraNe khUba vikasI haze. ApaNe tyAM bahupatnItvanI prathA prAcIna kALathI cAlu hatI je khajAnacI, kAnUnage, paTavArI, kAju, munazI, phojhadAra, majamu murilamonA samAgamathI pramANamAM vadhAre vikasI hatI. dAra, vagere. muslima zAsane bhAratane vyavasthita vahIvahI puruSa dhAre teTalAM lagna karI zakato, bIje pakSe strIne tevI taMtranI bheTa dharI. bhAratanA daranA je judA judA bhaugolika chUTa na hatI. halakI jJAtiomAM chUTAcheDA levAnI prathA eka hatAM te badhAMne eka majabUta vahIvaTItaMtra nIce hatI paNa ucca varNamAM lagnaviccheda e kuLanuM kalaMka ANI eka sAmrAjya banAvavA prayatno karavAmAM AvyA. gaNAtuM! rAjyanI nokarImAM hiMduo pratyenI bhedabhAvanI nItinA kAraNe temaja UMcA hoddA para pagAradAra videzI adhi | muslimonA kAraNe hiMdu nArIe paDadAprathA" zarU karIo hovAthI musilama sulatAnane A bAbatamAM baha karI ema kahevuM e ItihAsanuM khUna karavA jevI bAbata saphaLatA maLI na hatI e vAta paNa noMdhavI ghaTe. che. nArIe vastra vaDe potAnuM mAthuM DhAMkavuM joIe e prathAnA sAmAjika: ullekha prAcIna saMskRta nATakomAM ane kAvyamAM maLI Ave che. mAthe oDhIne malAje khALavo e prAcIna bhAratamAM | muslimonA AkramaNanA kAraNe temaja temanA dvArA kalina ane suzIla strIonuM lakSaNa manAtuM. muslimonA thatA dharmottaronA kAraNe bhAratane samAja vadhAre saMkucita AkramaNanA kAraNe hiMdu strInA sAmAjika darajajAmAM eTa ane kuMThita banyA hatA. jJAtiprathAnA mULiyAM vadhAre maja - 3. dIva-devatA ba dha ka ve eTale tenI sAthe sAmAjika bUta thayAM hatA. lagna ane khAnapAnanI bAbatamAM jJAtinA bahiSkAra ke. Jain Education Intemational ducation Intermational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha AvI. samAjamAM tema ja jAhera utsavamAM tema ja samAraM- pAmelo hato. Araba vepArIo A saMpattithI vAkepha hatA zeramAM te chUTathI pharI zakatI na hatI. zikSaNanAM dvAra tene ane A kAraNathI ja zarUAtamAM jalamArge teo AkramaNa mATe baMdha karavAmAM AvyAM hatAM. rAjavI ke paisAdAra kuTuM karavA prerAyA hatA. mahamUda gajanavI ane mahaMmmada ghorIe banI kanyAone lalitakalAnuM jJAna ApavA mATe alAyadI paNa bhAratanI akhUTa saMpattinI vAto sAMbhaLI bhArata para vyavasthA rAkhavAmAM AvatI. A mATe kyAreka ziSyA ane AkramaNo karyA hatAM. bhAratanI A Arthika samRddhine ustAda vacce paDado rAkhavAmAM Avato ! A samayanI keTalIka AdhAra khetI hato. khetaronI vyavasthita siMcAI mATe hiMdu tema ja muslima vezyAe e lalitakalAmAM bhAre muslima sulatAnee khUba kALajI rAkhI hatI. allAuddIna kuzaLatA prApta karI hatI. khalajI ane akabaranA jamAnAmAM jamIna mahesUla paddhati vyavasthita karavAmAM AvI hatI. arthavyavasthAnI saphaLatAnI muslima samAjamAM gulAma rAkhavAnI prathA pracAramAM cAvI e hatI ke rAjya dvArA bhAvo para niyaMtraNa rAkhavAmAM hovAthI hiMdu rAjavIo, sAmate ane upalA varganA AvatuM. muslima tavAriomAM te samayanI soMghavArInI ko gulAma rAkhatA hatA. baMgALa, uttarapradeza, mALavA vigato noMdhavAmAM AvI che. khetI uparAMta dezamAM aneka ane gujarAtamAM paNa zAhI kuTuMbanI kanyAnA lagna vakhate nAnA-moTA vepAra udyoga hatA. sutarAu ane rezamI kApaDa tenI sAthe aneka gulAma dAsa-dAsIo mokalavAnI prathA hatI. vaNATane udyoga moTA zaheromAM hato. AgrA, banArasa, jinapura, paTanA, lakhanau, DhAkA, burahAnapura, bharUca, khaMbhAta, khAnapAna, paheraveza, mojazekha ane alaMkAronI pATaNa. amadAvAda vagere nagaro kApaDa temaja rezama udyoga bAbatamAM paNa hiMdu ane muslima kuTuMbamAM paraspara asaro mATe prakhyAta hatAM. sonArUpAnA tAra temaja Una ane thaI hatI. "jalebI', 'baraphI, vividha prakAranA "halavA", "sura rezamanA bharata-gUMthaNanA udyoga paNa pracAramAM hatA. kApaDa pUrama" vagere miSTAnonI bheTa musalamAnoe dharI hatI te raMgavA mATe raMgATIono udyoga paNa vikasyo hato. gujavividha prakAranA lADu, mevA-masAlA, lApasI ane khIcaDInI rAtamAM amadAvAdanuM raMgATI kAma khUba vakhaNAtuM. ahIMno leTa hiMdu samAje musalamAnone gharI hatI. mughala jamAnAmAM IMTa udyoga AMtararASTrIya khyAti dharAvate. kApaDa para zAha garIba muslimomAM khIcaDI e lokapriya AhAra banyo hato. AlamanA rojAnI jALIonI bhAta chApavAmAM AvatI je aneka prakAranA Aso , kephI pINa e, ramatagamatanI paNa lokomAM khUba prasiddha pAmI hatI. muslima samayanA moTA paNa banne vacce Apale thaI hatI. zetaraMja, pATa, nagaramAM kApaDa udyoga uparAMta dhAtukAma, nakazIkAma, pattAMmAnAMnI ramatane pracAra khUba hate. muslimonA samA carmakAma, salATakAma, peparamazI kAma (kAgaLanI banAvaTano gamathI hAthe page judA judA prakAranI meMdI mUkavAno rivAja udyoga) vagere nAnA udyogo paNa vikasyA hatA. A badhA hiMdu strIo ane puruSomAM paNa zarU thayo hato. vividha udyogonA vikAsamAM hiMdu ane muslima kArIgarono phALo prakAranAM taMbula dvArA sugaMdhita dravya mukhamAM rAkhIne hato e vAta noMdhavI ghaTe. bhAratanAM bajAre aneka dezahoThane lAla rAkhavAnI prathA hiMduomAM paNa UtarI AvI videzI banAvaTethI ubharAtAM hatAM. bhAratanAM dakSiNa ane hatI. zarIra para vividha prakAranAM sugaMdhIdAra attara ane pazcima kAMThAnA baMdarothI aneka prakAranI cIja vastuonI tela phalela lagAvavAne zekha A banne samAjanA strI-puruSomAM nikAsa thatI hatI. muslima sulatAne ane amIra umarA eka sarakhe hato. zikAra ane pataMgano zokha paNa ghaNuM | mATe aneka kiMmatI cIja vastuonI AyAta karavAmAM loko dharAvatA hatA. pazu-paMkhIonI sAThamArI, hAtha AvatI hatI. muslima sulatAnee jakAtanA dara ochA cAlAkI ne jAdUnA prayoga paNa bane samAjamAM thatA hatA. rAkhyA hovAthI videzamAM vyApAranuM palluM bhArata tarapha Arthika : nameluM rahetuM. silona, barmA, cIna, jApAna, nepAla, IrAna, madhya eziyA, arabastAna ane pUrva AphrikA sAthe bhAratane bhAratanI bhUmi sujalAma suphalAma hovAthI cheka prAcIna taMdurasta vepArI saMbaMdha hatA. nikAsa thatI vastuomAM kAlathI potAnI vipula dhana saMpatti mATe A deza khyAti moTA bhAge marI, gaLI, aphINa, garama masAlA, khAMDa, lAkha, Jain Education Intemational Education Intermational

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900 kiMmatI paththara, ane auSadhAnA samAveza thatA hatA. AyAta karavAmAM AjanI vastuomAM sAnuM, cAMdI, kimatI dhAtu, kAcu rezama, arabI gheADA, hAthIdAMta paravALA, cAinijha vAsaNA, gulAmeA, rUpALI khAMdIo, videzI AsavA, vagerenA samAveza thatA hatA eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA sAgara rowth of follw-feeling and will whe Cantinuosly disturbed 'OM mughala jamAnAmAM khAsa karIne samrATa akabaranA rAjyaamala daramiyAna A ghaNuM ka ghaTayuM hatu ka muslima tavArIkheA ane abulakjhalanAM lakhANuA temaja paradezI musApharonA vRttAntA parathI jAvA maLe che ke saltanata kALamAM ane mughala kAlamAM jIvana jarUri yAtanI cIja vastuo khUba sastAbhAve maLatI hatI. baranA rAjya amatra daramiyAna mAtra eka rUpiyAmAM 12 maNu ghauM, 18 maNu java, 10 maNa uttama prakAranA cAkhA, 18 madhu maga, 16 macchu aDada, 16 macchu mIThu, 17 zera mAMsa, ane 44 zera dUdha kharIdI zakAtAM ! AjanA bhAvAnI sarakhAmaNImAM kadAca A bhAvA ApaNI mAnyatAmAM na Ave evA che. sAdhAraNa mAnavInI jIvana jarUriyAtanI cIja vastuo bahu ochI hovAthI bhAva sapATI taddana nIcI rahetI hatI. A yugamAM dhArmika kSetre jo kAI nAMdhapAtra khAkhata hAya tA te bhakti AMdolana che, hiMdu dhama aneka sAMpradAcika dhArAomAM vibhakta thaI gayA hatA. dharanA nAme aneka aniSTo poSAtAM hatAM. samAjanAM dharmanA mahAnA heThaLa vahema, aMdhazraddhA, anIti, karmakAMDa ane kRtionA thara jAmyA hatA. AcAryo ane pAkhaDIe ekabIjAnA maLamAMtonA 'nagaDanamAM dhanI sAthI kAranA maMtrI gayA hatA. videzI prajA dharmAMntA karAvanI hAvAthI janasamAjanA nIcalA tharanA leAkeA ekabAju savInI ataDI aspRzyatAne lIdhe dharmanA bhraSTa sa`skArAmAM sabaDatA hatA te bIjI trIjI samAjanA kahevAtA upale-UMcavaNa dhAMdhavAmAM DUbI jaI gUgaLAnA hatA. samAjamAM cAre bAjI cAra hatAzA ane gaMdhakAra thApelAM hatAM. AvI vikaTa piittimAM A dhAra uDIMcavAnuM kArya A yuganA sAdhu sa te e karyuM.. A sAdhusa`te UMcA kuLamAM janmyA na hatA. teo samAjanA taddana nIcalA tharamAMthI AvelA vA chatAM temanI vANImAM saskAritAnI ajakha maheAra dekhAya che. A sAdhu satAe zAstrathI dhyA nathI, paraMtu potapotAnA prAntanI bAvAmAM TUMkA bhayanA pado racIne e kaparA mahimA gAyA che. temaNe sakutane badale lokabhASAmAM ja upadeza karyAM. A sAdhu satAnI dhama bhAvanAmAM ekadharavAda, gurumahimA, sata-samAgama, nAta-jAtanA virodha, karmakAMDa pratye napharata, vagere khAkhatA rahelI hatI. islAmanA samAgamathI A paikInI keTalIka khAkhatAne puSTi maLI. sUphImata ane A satAnA cAda ( Mysticism) mAM ghaNu sAmya hatu. A sattAmAM rAmA, kabIra, nAnaka, pIpA, suradAsa, vagere mukhya hatA. keTalAka muslima sattA ane kIsano paNa hatA jemanA pratye ghaNA hiMdu Adara bhAva rAkhatA hatA. mA saM satAnI vicAra dhArAmAM hiMdumuslima, rAma ke rahIma evA keI bheda na hatA. mA 3. M. Mujeeb : simie ifluenee O Talian Society. [numAna pana 101] dhArmika : bhAratamAM IslAmanuM Agamana Akramaka svarUpe thayuM hAI ane tenI racanA hiMdu vicArasaraNIthI taddana alaga hAI zarUAtathI te Ajadina sudhI te hiMdu saMskRti sAthe samanvaya sAdhI zakayo nathI. muslima AkramaNukAe zarUAtathI ja maci ane mUrti sADavAnI temaja dharmAntara karAvAnI pravRtti karI hovAthI hiMduo temanA pratye napharata dharAvatA ane teone 'sveccha' kahetA. sAme pakSe muslime paNa hiMduone 'kAphara' kahetA. muslimA pattAne hiMduo karatAM ttama mAnatA jyAre hiMdu muslime ne gadA ane halakA gaNatA! muslima sattAdhIze e hiMduone madirA bAMdhavA temaja junA madirAnI marAmata karavA vize kaDaka pratikha'dha mUkayeA hate. A kAraNe sattAzrIzA ane kiMtu prajA vacce kAyamI ghanuM ra Mtu vAta spaSTa karatAM jAmiyA, (delhI) yunisiTInA kulapatio zrI ema. mujikha, kahe che, Muslim rulers, consistently exploited religious sentiment to further their own interests, somefimes deliberately and. sometimes unconsciously, witn the result that

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nA vividha kSetronI che) viziSTa vyakitao zrI kalyANajIbhAI nattamadAsa mahetA amarelI jillAnA DuMgaragAma ane A paMthakanAM cAlIsa gAmaDAonI traNa-traNa dAyakAothI avirata janasevA karIne " bhAI" nuM mahAmUluM biruda meLavI janatAnA hadayamAM aneru sthAna meLavyuM che. uparAMta gujarAta rAjyanI nAmadAra sarakAre paNa temanI sevAnI kadara karIne "onararI mejIsTreTa" (je. pI.) nI padavI enAyata karI. zrI lakSmIbAI narottamadAsa sArvajanika davAkhAnuM sva. dhanakuMvarIbAI narottamadAsa vyAyAma ma diranI saMsthAo sthApI che. davAkhAnAnA makAna DokaTarazrIne raheNukanI sagavaDa ApI ane dasa varSathI potAnA kharce davAkhAnAnuM saMcAlana karI rahyA che. maMgaLa zerImAM lAdI jaDAvI lekene sagavaDatA karI che. vikaTarane raste vAva banAvI lekene pANInI sagavaDatA ApI che ane dareka prasaMgoe thatAM nAnA moTAM lekahitanAM phaMDaphALAmAM udAra hAthe rakama ApI che. rAjakIya, sAmAjika ane dhArmika evA aneka kSetromAMthI kalyANajIbhAI mekharenuM sthAna dharAve che. e divase paNa cAlyA jaze" evuM ekasutra apanAvIne janasevA karyuM jAya che. zrI kalyANajIbhAi vi. mahetA DuMgaranA panotA putra suzIla dAnavIra bhAI zrI jamanAdAsa nAnacaMda mahetAe A pradezanA hitArthe aneka janakalyANanI saMskAranI saMsthAokanyAzALA, bAlakrIDAMgaNa, bAlamaMdira, davAkhAnuM, prasUtigRha, hAIskUla vagerenI sthApanA mATe udAra hAthe hajAra rUpiyAnI sakhAvata karI che. A zubhakAryomAM mukhyatve temanI preraNA protsAhana ane prayatno rahelA che. jethI ame gaurava anubhavIe chIe. nAnakaDA Dathara gAmane AMgaNe hAiskUla jevuM vidyAmaMdira sthApavAnuM varSo junuM sva siddha karIne A badhI sArvajanika saMsthA para kaLaza caDAve che. ane keIpaNa jAtanA sthAyI phaMDa vagara AkAzavRttithI cAlatuM sArvajanika chAtrAlaya, sArvajanika davAkhAnuM ane anya gAmAyata saMsthAoe temanI hiMmata pUrvaka netAgIrInuM zubha pariNAma, che e jAhera karatAM garva anubhavAya che. temaNe anyane leka kalyANa mATe dAna karavAnI preraNA protsAhana ApyA che. uparAMta ghara AMgaNethI paNa udAra sakhAvata karI che. surata jillAnA coryAsI tAlukAnA vAMjhanA vatanIprAthamika zikSaNa tyAM ja laI kelejanuM zikSaNa amadAvAdamAM lIdhuM. 1907nI surata gresathI lAla-bAla ane pAlanI trimUrtinA darzanathI cinagArI maLI- rASTrIyatAne raMga lA. pahelI pATIdAra pariSada dvArA jAhera jIvananI zarUAta karI ane e rIte 1910 thI jJAti sudhAraNAnA kAmanA zrI gaNeza mAMDyA- pATIdAra vidyAMthI AzramanI sthApanA dvArA zikSaNakSetre paNa sevAo AraMbhI teja rIte rAjakIya jIvanamAM paNa homarUla AMdolanathI zarUAta karI kheDA satyAgraha, roleTa ekaTa sAmenA satyAgraha AMdolanamAM asahakAranI laDatamAM, tilaka svarAjya phALAmAM tana-mana-dhana Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 ratilAla vardhamAna zAha bALa keLavaNI maMDaLa-surendranagararana teozrI pramukha che. surendranagara keLavaNI maMDaLa ane saurASTra yunivarsiTInA seneTa membara tarIke paNa teo kArya visAre mUkayuM ane bAraDolIne laDatanuM kendra banAvyuM. svarAjya Azrama saMghanI sthApanA karI 1030 nI mIThA satyAgrahanI laData, 1942 nI hiMda choDonI laData ane vakhate vakhatanI laDatamAM AgevAnI bharyo bhAga bhajavI aneka vakhata jelayAtrA bhegavI. 1952 mAM coryAsI tAlukAnA pratinidhi tarIke muMbaI dhArAsabhAmAM ane 1957 nI cUMTaNImAM paNa bAraDolInA pratinidhi tarIke bIna harIpha cuMTAyA. gujarAtanI dhArAsabhAmAM paNa kAmacalAva spIkara. Ama aneka kSetre temanI vividha sevAo jANItI che. zrI kanaiyAlAla jagajIvana rAvaLa zrI kanaiyAlAlabhAI rAvaLa pite AjIvana adhyApaka ane lekhaka. sTezana mAstara pitAnA prabhAva nAce TelIgrAphI zIkhIne pachI grejyueTa thatAM relvenI nokarI svIkAravAne badale zikSaNa kSetramAM jhaMpalAvyuM. mAtA pitA, relve jIvana tathA nisarganA saMparka pAmela preraNAnA piyuSe lekhana abhimukha banAvyA. cAra pustake, navalikAo tatvaciMtanAdi lekha, narmamarmanI kaTAkSikAone saMgraha tathA nATikAo pragaTa karyA. pAMcamuM vivecananuM pustaka presamAM javAmAM che. kAvyaracanAo paNa sarjana karela che. prakAzana bAkI che. aneka vidha jAhera pratibhAvaMta saMsthAomAM, sAhityasabhA lekhaka milana, kalama maMDaLa, kAvyasabhA zikSakamaMDaLa, AcArya saMgha nA maMtrI ke pramukha tarIke samAja sevA tathA sAhityasevA karI che. rAjakAraNa mATe jhaMkhanA karI 30nI laData veLA vidyAthI jIvanamAM emAM bhAga lIdhela pachI karIne lIdhe alIpta rahela. zikSaka tarIke vidyArthI AlamamAM rASTraprema, svadezanI bhAvanA, AjhAdI aMgrejone julama i. jussAthI pracArela. Aje bhAvanagaranI meTI ane pratiSThita sanAtana dharma vividhalakSI hAIskUlamAM AcArya tarIke kAma kare che. ekaMdare nakarI 37 varSanI thaI. pAMce bALakane Dabala grejayueTa banAvI suzikSita karI sajaja karela che. - zrI zAha surendranagara saMyukta nagarapAlikAnA sabhya tarIke (19-2-67) ane pramukha tarIke (1963-67) paNa pitAnI sevAo ApI cUkyA che. A uparAMta teo surendranagara tabIbI rAhata maMDaLa ane vaDhavANa strI bALaka hespiTalanA TrasTI tarIke paNa kArya karI rahyA che. vaLI yaMgsa kalaba surendranagara, anAja rAhata samiti vaDhavANa sITI ane jhAlA vADa jillA krikeTa esosIezananAM paNa teo TrasTI che. yuropa, amerikA ane eziyAnA keTalAka dezone pravAsa kheDI cUkelA zrI zAha vividha kSetre potAnI sevAo ApI rahyA che. zrI kAntilAla mehanalAla kapAsI pAlItANA nivAsI zrI mohanabhAI kapAsInA sauthI moTA putra che. nAnI uMmare muMbaI pahoMcI gayA. pitAzrI te jaina zikSaNa saMsthAonI sevA karatA hatA. zrI kAntibhAIe thaDe samaya davA bajhAramAM kAma karyuM. pachI kApaDa lAIna hAtha dharI. nAnapaNathI ja vinaya, viveka, dIrdhadaSTi ane vicAra pUrvakanI buddhi zakti vagere guNono temane vAraso maLyo hato. temanI dhArmika bhAvanA anukaraNIya che. nityakamamAM temaja jIvana kamamAM teo haMmezA niyamita ja hoya che. jJAtinI ane zaikSaNika saMsthAonI temanI sevA AdaraNIya ane Adarza che. pAlItANuM ejyukezana sosAyaTI ane pAlItANu kanyAvidyAlaya mATe sArI evI rakama temaNe ApI che. Adarza ane vyavahArane suMdara samanvaya karavAnI temanAmAM zakti paDI che. pAlItANA jaina sevA samAja ane jaina bAlAzramamAM mAtabara rakamanuM dAna ApyuM che. muMbaImAM zrI vijayadevasUrI ga7 (saMgha) goDIjI mahArAja jaina derAsaranA TrasTI tarIke bIna harIpha cUMTAyA e emanI pratibha nI nizAnI che. pAlItANAnA sAMskRtika vikAsamAM, saMsthAonA kAmamAM game tyAre utsAha ane dhagazathI deDayA ja hoya eTaluM ja nahi pitAno phALo paNa Ape ja. zrI kAMtilAla ratilAla zAha 44 varSanA A vijJAna snAtaka paNa vividha kAryo dvArA temanA vyakitatvanA bhinna bhinna pAsAone ApaNane khyAla Ape che. udyoga uparAMta zaikSaNika ane sAmAjika kAryomAM paNa temane eTale ja rasa che. teozrI zrI kAnti keTana mIsa prA. li. surendranagara, ane dhI bombe gereja (rAjakoTa) prA. lI. rAjakoTanA DAyarekaTara che. A uparAMta saurASTra mIla mAlIka esIezana-surendranagara, zrI jhAlAvADa cembara opha komarsa - surendranagaranA sabhya tarIke paNa rahI cUkelA che. - zUnyamAMthI sarjana karanAra A vyaktie dhaMdhAdArI kSetranuM vaTavRkSa banAvyuM che. ane ghaNI moTI siddhi hAMsala karI che. nAnAbhAI zrI hIrAbhAI paNa khUbaja kAryakuzaLa ane buddhizALI che. saithI nAnA vinodabhAI paNa ghaNAM ja utsAhI ane dilAvara hRdayanA che. mAtuzrI naMdubena temaja Akhu Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha kuTuMba ghaNuM ja bhaktibhAvavALuM atithI premI che. zrI kAntibhAInuM vyaktitva puSpa sama suvAsathI mahekatu ane sarva prakAre sukhI che. temanA hAthe bhaviSyamAM ghaNA sArA sukRtyo thAya tevI prArthanA che. kAntIlAla IzvaralAla paTela adhAra gAme bAvIsa varSa jeTalI nAnI uMmare teozrI grAmapaMcAyatanA sarapaMcazrI tarIke cUMTAI AvyA. pAMca pAMca varSanI mudata sudhI sarapaMcazrI tarIkenI yazasvI kAmagIrI bajAvI gAmanA vikAsanI anekavidha pravRttio karI, adhAra Jpa ke. e. keTana jInIMga enDa presIMga sosAyaTInuM sarjana rAmapurA mukAme karyuM ane tenuM menejIMga DIrekaTara tarIkenuM sthAna saMbhALyuM. A sthAna upara teozrIe ATha varSa sudhI sevAo ApI suMdara kAmagIrI bajAvI che. hAlamAM teozrI A saMsthAnA ceramena tarIke pharaja bajAvI rahyA che. teozrI nI sahakArI kSetre tAlukAnA eka anubhavI mArgadarzaka ane yuvAna sahakArI kAryakara tarIke gaNanA thAya che. paMcAyatI rAjayanA prAraMbhamAM tA. paM. utpAdana samitinA ceramena tarIkenI mahatvanI pharajo saMbhALI hatI khetIvADI khAtAnA niSNAta karmacArIo karatAM paNa vizeSa mAhitI ane jJAnanuM saMpAdana karI potAnA gharane ja jANe khetIvADInI pragazALA banAvI meLavelA vyavahArIka anubhavanA kheDUta samAjamAM bahoLo phelAvo karI uttama mArgadarzana ApyuM che. hAlamAM tAlukA paMcAyatanA pramukhazrI tarIke chellA varSathI babbe vakhata sarvAnumate tathA bIna harIpha cuMTAI AvI ujajavaLa kArakidinuM sopAna sara karyuM che tathA kapriyatAnI uttama pratiti karAvI che. maryAdita laData zarU thatAM, paradezI mAlanA bahiSkAranI pravRtti zarU thatAM ane mULajI jeThA mArakITamAM pIkeTIMga zarU karavAmAM AvatAM deza sevikA saMdha ane gAMdhI sevA senAnI bahena sAthe kAma karavAnuM ane pIkeTIMganI vyavasthA saMbhALavAnuM javAbadArI bharyuM kAma svIkAryuM. Aja arasAmAM bhulezvara chalA kegresa kamITInI menejIMga kamITImAM cuMTAyA pachI kamITInA sabhya tarIke ane tyArabAda menejIMga kamITInA sabhya uparAMta tenI peTA kamITI ; svadezI pracAra kamITInA maMtrI tarIke ane pachI bhulezvara jIllA keMgresa kamITInA maMtrI tarIke lAgalagATa be varasa cuMTAyA pachI upapramukha tarIke cuMTI kADhavAmAM Avela. e hAdA upara cAlu hatAM daramyAna sane 1941nI vyakitagata satyAgrahanI laData cAlu thaI sane. 194ranI kareMge yA mareMgenI laDatamAM sakriya bhAga lIdho temane cAra mahInAnI sakhta jela rUA. 200/- daMDa sAthe sajA karavAmAM AvI. jelanI sajA purI thatAM varalI jelamAMthI choDI mUkavAmAM Avela dezI rAjanI laData vakhate junAgaDha prajA maMDaLanA pramukha tarIkenI javAbadArI svIkArelI. zrI zAmaLadAsa gAMdhI sAthe kArya karavAnuM cAlu hatuMdaramyAna ArajhI hakumatanI sthApanA karavAno TharAva temanA pramukhapaNa nIce karavAmAM Avela. mAdhavabAgamAM sabhA bolAvI junAgaDhanA navAbane asvIkAra karyo ArajhI hakumata eja junAgaDhanI sthapAyelI prajAnI sarakAra che. evI jAherAta karI. junAgaDha sTeTane bharavAne makAna vero eja sabhAmAM sva. zrI zAmaLadAsa gAMdhIne suprata karanAra pahele prajAjana teo hatA. zrI kAmezvara gagajI vyAsa 1920 thI jAhera jIvanamAM praveza karyo. 1930nI dAMDIkUca pachI prajAmAM racanAtmaka kArya karavAne jusso ekadama vadhI gaela tene yogya mArgadarzana ApavAnA ane dezasevA karavAnA ekamAtra udezathI mU. je. mArakITanI sArA pagAranI cAlu karIne tilAMjalI ApIne racanAtmaka kArya ane raMTIyAne lagatuM sAhitya purUM pADatI ekamAtra saMsthA nava jIvana saMgha hatI temAM onararI sabhya tarIke dAkhala thaI tenAM menejIMga kamITImAM tathA pradarzana kamITInA sekreTarI tarIke cuMTAIne racanAtmaka kArya karavAnuM cAlu hatuM. daramyAna bAraDolI tAlukAmAM nAkaranI caLavaLa ane temAM sakriya kAmagIrI. A rIte deza sevAnA kArya sAthe samAja sevAnuM kAma cAlu rAkhela. zrI audIcya gohilavADI yuvaka maMDaLanA pramukha, zrI muMbaI kApaDabajAra nokarahItavardhaka maMDaLanA pramukha, muMbaI kApaDabajAra sarvara volanTarakoranA sekreTarI ane audIcya brAhmaNa barDaganA pramukha tarIke bajAvelI sevAo noMdha pAtra hatI borDIMga phaMDa mATe jJAtinA DepyuTezananI AgevAnI laI IsTa AphrikAno pravAsa paNa karela zrI kAMtIlAla chaganalAla zeTha zrI kAMtIbhAI mULa vAMkAneranA vatanI, ghaNAM varSothI madrAsa AvI vasyA. madrAsamAM judA judA dhaMdhA zarU karyA. zIpIMga ane kalIyarIMga ejanTa tarIke mesarsa sugezana enDa ku. prA. lI., mAM yazasvI banyA. Aje temanI zAkhAo muMbaI, beMgalora, kalakattA ane rAjakeTamAM phelAelI che. A sAthe vepAra vikasAvatA navI peDhIo cAlu karI che. jevA ke- eca. maMgaladAsa enDa ku. muMbaI, sI.je. zeTha ejansIjha prA. lI madrAsa, sugezana TrAnsaporTa prAIveTa lI, madrAsa ane sugezana vera hAusIMga prAIveTa lI., madrAsa. gAMdhI IravIna karAra pachI thoDo vakhata laData jevuM kazuM na rahetAM sane 1932nI laData zarU thatAM sudhI khAsa pravRtti jevuM kazuM mahatvanuM kAma hatuM ja nahI paraMtu sane 193ranI Jain Education Intenational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 zrI kAMtIbhAInI dharmabhAvanA javalaMta che. temaNe tathA temanA dharmapatnI zrI urmilAbahene aThThAI, agiyAra upavAsa oLabhaththu karela ane varasItapanI ugra tapazcaryA karI hatI ane tenuM pAraNuM zrI siddhakSetra pAlItANAmAM AnaMda ullAsa pUrvaka karyuM hatuM. te vakhate temaNe temanAM kuTuMbIone tIrtha yAtrA karAvI hatI. 1970 mAM zrI kAMtIbhAIe bIjo varasItapa upAvyo paNa temAM temanI tabIyatanA kAraNe eka mahInA pahelA pATI lIdhuM hatuM. teozrIne jyotiSamAM khUba ja zraddhA che. ane zrI zaMkhedhara pAzvanAtha tIrthadhAmamAM tapazcaryA karIne jIvana dhanya banAvela che. temaNe haMmezanI yAdagIrI mATe potAnA be galAnuM nAma paNa "zrI zaMkhezvara kRpA" rAkhela che. temanA trIjA ane cothA suputra mukeza ane rAjendrae aDrAI karela ane gaye varSe 11 upavAsa paNa karelA hata. temanA dharmapatnI zrI urmilAbahena paNa dharmapremI, sevApriya ane suzIla che. zrI sI.je. zeTha ejyukezana enDa cerITebala TrasTamAM mukhya dAtAo tarIke zrI kAMtIlAla chaganalAla zeTha tathA zrI zazIkAMta chaganalAla zeTha che. A uparAMta kuTuMbIjanoe sAro phALo Ape che. A TrasTa saMcAlIta "zrImatI caMdAbena chaganalAla zeTha sarasvati maMdira" nAmanI kanyAzALA rAjakoTamAM moTI TAMkI pAse, netAjI subhASa reDa upara cAle che. A kanyAzALAmAM leara ke.jI. thI esa.esa.sI sudhIno abhyAsa karAvAya che. vaLI zALA pAse nAnA bALakone lAvavA-lai javA basa paNa che. mAM mokhare hatA AthI ja teo temanA pitAjInA sAcA vArasa banyA. jIlA vepArI mahAmaMDaLamAM nAnapaNathI upa pramukhanuM pada zobhAvyuM ane vepArI mahAjanamAM sArU vajana paDatuM. sane 1963-64mAM roTarI kalabanA pramukha banyA sarakAre temanI sevAonI kadararUpe je. pI. onararI mejIsTreTa no IlkAba Ape. zahera ane jIllAnI anekavidha saMsthAo davAkhAnuM, keleja, reDakrosa, ThakkarabApA chAtrAlaya, jIlalA audyogIka barDa pachAtavarganuM maMDaLa, jIllA TI bI esesI. ezana vagere saMsthAomAM joDAyelA che ane pitAnI sevA ApI rahyAM che. hAlamAM teo thiophIkala sosAya TInA pramukha che. janatA nemane "bhAI" nA lADIlA nAmathI oLakhe che. banAsakAMThA jIllAnuM gaurava che. jillA harijanasevaka saMghanA pramukha che. InDIyana kAunsIla opha sezyala velaphera borDa mAM saMkaLAyela che. sarakAra ane prajA vacce sAMkaLarUpa banIne kAma karI rahyA che. paTela kAntilAla karazanadAsa zrI kAntilAlano janma I. sa1937nA DIsembara mahinAmAM thaye hate phaLathI ladAyelA vRkSanI DALIe jema namI namIne namratAnI sAbitI Ape che tema saMskArI mAtA pitAnAM saMtAna saMskAranI suvAsa prasarAve che. zrI kAntilAla audyogIka kSetre sAhasika pitAnA pagale bhAvanagaranI lekhaMDa bajAramAM AgavuM sthAna dharAve che. temaNe dhaMdhAdArI kSetre saphaLatA meLavI che ane khUbaja dauryatAthI A nIcenI saMsthAnuM saphaLa saMcAlana karI rahyA che paTela Aryana phAunDa, paTela sImenTa pAipa proDakaTasa (Ara sI sI hyuma pAIpa) paTela sTona krazara vagere temanA purUSArthanI siddhio che dhaMdhAmAM racyA pacyA rahevA chatA jJAti sevA, samAjasevA ane vatana bhAvanagaranAM kaI paNa kAma mATe jayAre jayAre jarUra ubhI thaI hoya tyAre temanuM nAma mokhare hoyaja AvI ujajavaLa kArakIrdi dharAvatA madhurabhASI ane dRDha manobaLavALA zrI kAntibhAI pite kaI sArA kAmamAM madadarUpa banI zake to temane saMtoSa ane AnaMda thAya che. lokonI sevA ane garIbonA utkarSa mATe teo eka adamya utsAhanI mUti samAna che. jokemAM temanI keTalI lekapriyatA ane suvAsa prasarelI che tenI pratitI te temane myuni. IlekazanamAM je jaMgI bahumatIe temane cuMTI kADhela che te vAtaja karAve che. temanA suputromAM zrI bIpInabhAI tathA zrI premakumAra dhaMdhAmAM sakrIya bhAga laI rahyAM che ane kuTuMbanA badhApitA-putro-sAthe besI dhaMdhAne mATe vicAra vinimaya kare che. ane vikAsa sAdhI rahyA che. zrI kAMtIbhAInA jIvanamAM ghaNAM kaDavA tathA mIThA prasaMgo banyA hovA chatAM teo samabhAvI ane samadaSTi rahyA che. teo udAra carita, sAhasika ane kAryakuzaLa tathA sevApriya che. zrI kAtIlAla sI. mahetA pAlaNapuranI mahAjana saMsthAmAM agragaNya sthAna bhagavanAra zrI kAntibhAI mahetAe meTrIka sudhI abhyAsa karI temanA pitAjInI sAthe kApaDanI lAInamAM joDAyA. pitAnI dhaMdhAkIya pravRtti sAthe paNa temaNe sevA sauSThava ane sarasvati nI jyoti relAvI che. temanAM pitA paNuM saumAjIka pravRttio bhAvanagaranI kalArasika janatAne umadA ane sArA calacitro maLe ane lokone zuddha manoraMjana maLe te hetusara zaizAlI nAmanuM vizALa AyeAjanavALu bhavya erakanDIzana Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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905 mRti saMdarbha graMtha thIyeTara bhAveNAnI janatA samakSa TUMka samayamAM ja rajU kare che sane 1972 nI vidhAnasabhAnI cuMTaNIomAM zrI tadUuparAMta bhAvanagaramA thatI keipaNa vibhAganA jJAtibaMdhuonI ghIyA bhAre bahumatIthI amadAvAdamAM rakhiyAla matadAra pravRttimAM haMmezA teo mokhare hoya che samasta bhAvanagara vibhAgamAMthI cUMTAI AvyA hatA. gujarAta rAjyamAM kAyadA zahera mATe grAhakamaMDaLanI sthApanAmAM temane phALe mukhya che. ane nyAyakhAtA temaja nANAMkhAtAnA maMtrIzrI tarIke kAbela ane kunehabAja A yuvAna udyogapatI potAnA vepAra hoddo saMbhALyuM hatuM. rAjyanA nAyaba mukhya maMtrIzrI ane udyogane uttarottara utkarSa sAdhIne dharma ane samAja tarIkenI kAmagIrI paNa bajAvI. udyauga khANa ane vijaLI sevAnA kAme AthI paNa vadhAre pramANamAM teo karI zake temaja sahakArI khAtAnA kebIneTa maMtrI tarIkeno havAle ane vadhu yazanAmI bane tevI hArdika zubhecchA. saMbhALela. zrI kAMtilAla zIyA zrI kirITabhAI naTavaralAla modI teozrInI zaikSaNika kArakIrdi sadAya tejasvI rahI che. mahuvAnA vatanI meTrIka sudhIno abhyAsa, nAnI uMmare teoe vinayana, vANijaya ane kAyadAnA snAtakanI traNa traNa | muMbaImAM AvI sTIla TreDIMga kaMpanInA pArTanara zrI bhAskara padavI prApta karI che. zarUAtamAM meTrIkayulezanamAM uMcA bhAI trivedInA umadA ane paropakArI valaNanA pariNAme naMbare uttirNa thaI, vaDodarA kalejamAM abhyAsa karatA te temanI ja kaMpanImAM rahI eleya sTIlanA dhaMdhA viSe jANakArI vakhatanA (sane 1929-1930) briTiza jamAnAmAM AI. ane kuneha meLavavAne moko maLyo, je moko bhAIzrI sI. esa. (InDIyana sIvIla saravIsa) mAM joDAvA abhyAsa kirITabhAInA jIvanamAM eloya sTIlano dhaMdho zarU karavAmAM karavAnuM vicAryuM hatuM. paraMtu sane 1930 nI mIThA satyA mahatvanuM aMga ane kAraNuM banI gayuM ane jenA pariNAme grahanI laDatamAM joDAyA pachI briTiza salatanatane TakAvanAra, zrI medIe cha mAsanA TUMkA gALAmAM-sTIla TreDIMga kaMpaAI. sI. esa mAM javAno vicAra mAMDI vALya. nImAM tAlIma laI vepArI kuneha ane hozIyArI meLavI sane 1930 nA mIThA satyAgraha AMdolananA prAraMbhathI medI sTIla kaMpanI nAmanI kaMpanI lI. pitAnA pitAzrI ja jAhera jIvanamAM svasthatAthI temaNe praveza karyo ane tyArathI ThIkaThIka dhanika hovA chatAM- temanA bilakula mUDI rokANa ja jAhera kAmanI pravRttiomAM teo rata rahyA che. briTIza vagerenAM dhaMdhAmAM jhaMpalAvI Aje AgevAna vepArIonI sarakArane haTAvavAnA khyAlathI vyAyAma sevAdaLa yu. TI. sI. hoLamAM ubhA rahevAnuM mAna hAMsala karyuM che. A samaye vagerenI paNa ucca kakSAnI tAlima lIdhI. temanAmAM rahelA vArasAgata dhaMdhAnA guNone dhyAnamAM lIdhA vinA rahI zakAtuM nathI. ane eTale ja phakta vIza varasanI sane 1942 mAM bhAratamAM briTIza hakumata sAme bhArata nAnI uMmare paNa teo eleya sTIlanI mArkeTamAM jhaMpalAvIne cheDAnuM AMdolana jANyuM tyAre sarakArI taMtra khoravavA bhugarbha Aje agragaNya vepArIonI haroLamAM UbhA rahI zakyA che. pravRttimAM temaNe jhaMpalAvyuM. aMgreja zAsana zrI ghIyAnI A tema kahezuM te asthAne nahIM gaNAya. pravRttithI eTaluM te cekI uTheluM ke temane pakaDavA mATe InAma jAhera karavuM paDeluM. kirITabhAI svabhAve ramujI, nikhAlasa hovAnI sAthe sahakArI pravRttinA vikAsamAM zrI kAMtibhAIe Apele umadA mAnavatAvAdI ane popakArI valaNa dharAve che. jemanA phALo ajoDa kahI zakAya tevo che. amadAvAda myunisipala hisAbe temaNe eleya sTIlanI mArkeTamAM aneka nAnI moTI korporezanamAM sTenDIMga kamiTinA adhyakSa tarIke, gujarAta kaMpanIone sahakAra ApI temane sthira karavAmAM mahatvane duSkALa saMkaTa nivAraNa samitinA maMtrI tarIke kAma karyuM. phALe Apela che. temaNe aneka sAmAjika saMsthAomAM rAjyanI nIti viSayaka bAbato aMge levAtA mahatvanA udAra hAthe sakhAvata karela che. te uparAMta aneka garIba nirbhamAM zrI kAMtibhAI potAnA maMtavya mukata ane vidyAthIone bhaNavAmAM madadarUpa banyA che. nikhAlasa rIte ApatA ane te rIte nIti ghaDataramAM pitAne phALe ApatA. zrI kezavalAla bulAkhIdAsa zAha sane 1967 mAM teo gujarAta vidhAnasabhAnA sabhya bacapaNathI khaMbhAtanA vatanI che. aMtaramAM pragati mATe tarIke dhoLakA matadAra vibhAgamAMthI cUMTAyA hatA. gujarAta dhagaza hatI, haiye joma hatuM eTale e anekavidha pragati vidhAnasabhAnA sabhya tarIke temaNe noMdhapAtra kAmagIrI karI karatA rahyAM che. Aje emanA vyavasAyanI neMdha laIe te che. adhyakSa tarIke paNa temaNe potAnA anubhavane AdhAre muLajI jeThA mArakITamAM pitAnI dukAna dharAve che te uparAMta kAma karyuM. re reDa para keDArI sIlka mIla cAlI rahI che. kiMtu Jain Education Intenational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 zrI kezavalAlanI mAtra vasAyI daSTi ja nathI rahI emano AtmA eka puNyazALI AtmA che. emaNe dhaMdhA sAthe dharmanI paNa paraba mAMDI che. Aje khaMbhAtanI pUNyazALI bhUmi para zrI kezavalAlabhAInA janma dAtrInA nAmanI zrI bhaThThIbAI syAdvAda saMskRta pAThazALAmAM Aje moTI saMkhyAmAM pUjya sAdhu-sAdhvIjIo ane bAla-bAlIkAo dharma jJAna laI rahyA che. chellA traNeka varSathI zrI kezavalAlabhAInI udAra sakhAvatathI ja A pAThazALAnuM saMcAlana cAlI rahyuM che. emanI aMtara bhAvanA simita nathI. enuM kSetra ghaNuM moTuM che aMtara bhAvanAnI udAratAne vizeSa guNAnuvAda karIe te senA para DhoLa caDAvavA je che. chatAM jyAre emanA jIvananI theDI bhAvanAnuM pratibiMba joIe chIe te teozrI Aje kyA kayA kSetramAM kevI kevI sevA ApI rahyA che enI paNa theDI TUMka dha ahIM raju karIe. e nAma che sva. lalitAbena kezavalAla zAha zrI lalitAbenano janma paNa jyAM dharma ane jJAnanI gaMgetrInA vaheNa vahe che evA khaMbhAta zaheramAM saMvata 1965 mAM zeThazrI gulAbacaMda muLacaMda kApaDIyAne tyAM thaye hato. saMvata 1978 mAM zrI kezavalAlabhAI sAthe lagna graMthIthI joDAyA hatA. Aje zrI lalitAbenanuM dehAvasAna thayuM che. paNa temanA saMskAra ane dharmamaya jIvananI suvAsathI te teozrI Aje jIvita che. zrI khImacaMda muLajIbhAI Izvara Ape te kevaLa pitAne aMgata maLyuM che tema kaI divasa jeNe mAnyuM nathI evA temaja saune sAtha ApanArA dhaMdhAmAM mahenata karanAra sevA arpanAra, saunA sahakArathI meLavela dhanane udAra hAthe hisso vaheMcI rAjI thanAra zrI khImacaMdabhAI kAThIyAvADanA taLojA gAmanA vatanI che. cha gujarAtIthI vadhu abhyAsa saMpAdana na karI zakyA ane bhUtakALamAM vitAvelA kAramA divase pitAnA AjanA sukhI jIvanamAM pate na bhUlatA ane sahAyatAnA aneka kAmamAM hajArenI udAra hAthe sakhAvata karI dhanya jIvananI ApaNane pratIti karAvI che. varSo pahelAM vatana choDIne dhaMdhAthe vasaI pAse agAsI tarapha prayANa karyuM. purUSArthane baLe dhaMdhAmAM pragati thatI rahI ane dhanavAna banyA. dhanane lIdhe temane kadI mithyA bhamAna nahotuM lAgyuM. muMbaIthI saurASTra sudhI khAsa karIne valasADa ane taLAjAmAM dAnagaMgA vahetI rAkhI taLAjAmAM prAthamika zALA baMdhAvavAmAM moTI rakamanuM dAna karyuM. zeTha kezavalAla bulAkhIdAsa aneka saMsthAonA TrasTI mukhya kAryakartA che. khaMbhAtamAM 81 hajAra jevuM meTuM dAna ApI kemarsa koleja kholAvI jJAna gaMgotrInA vaheNa vahetA karyA che. Ama zrI kezavalAlabhAIe vyavahArika, zaikSaNika, dhArmika ane sAmAjika kSetramAM apUrva rasa dAkhavI e tamAma kSetromAM sArI pratiSThA prApta karI che. A uparAMta vizeSa sevAonI paNa noMdha laIe, zrI kezavalAlabhAI zakuMtalA kAMtilAla IzvaralAla hAIskulanA menejIMga kamITInA membara, mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya nA kamiTInA menejara zrI AtmA naMda jaina sabhAnA menejIMga kamiTimAM muMbaI vardhamAna tapa AyaMbila khAtAnA menejIMga kamiTimAM khaMbhAta vardhamAna tapa AyaMbilanA TrasTI, khaMbhAta pAMjarA poLa menejIMga kamiTimAM muMbaI sAdharmika jaina sevA samAjanA presIDenTa jaina davAkhAnAnA TrasTI pAlitANA, kadambagIrI tIrthanA drasTI che. zrI siddhicakra ArAdhana samAja kamiTinA membara che ane pAlItANa Agama maMdiranA TrasTI che. khaMbhAta janarala hospITelanA gavarnaga borDanA membara che ane zrI devasura jaina saMgha muMbaI zrI goDI jaina derAsara pAyadhunInA chellA paMdara varSathI TrasTI che ane sAta varSa sudhI menejIMga TrasTI paNa rahyA che. zakuMtalAvIra jaina vidyAlaka miTimAM mukhya vardhamAna pAlisA ja che. A zrI ke. 5 pacIsa varSa pahelA valasADanI kasturabA hospITalamAM rUA. 25000 nuM mAtabara dAna karyuM. taLAjAnuM bAlamaMdira paNa temanI udAratAne AbhArI che. vasaImAM bAlamaMdirathI esa. esa. sI sudhInI suvidhA ubhI karavAmAM rUA. pa1000/- nI rakama dAnamAM ApI. ghaNA vidyAthIone skolarazIpa rUpe sarU evuM protsAhana ApatA rahyAM che. valasADanI lAyansa ane roTarI pravRttimAM temanuM sArU evuM pradAna rahyuM che. tIrthadhAmanI yAtrA karI AvyA che. ghaNI bahoLI lAgavaga ane zakti dharAvavA chatAM sattA ke khurazIne kayAMya meha rAkhyo nathI. taLAjAmAM madhyama varga lekamAM vasavATa mATenI cAlI baMdhAvI ApI ane ArzivAda meLavyA. mahuvAnI dazAzrImALI benkiMgamAM paNa temanuM sArU evuM dAna raheluM che. devuM laIne dhaMdhAthe nIkaLelA paNa eka sUtra sAthe laIne nIkaLelA ke "phIkara cheDI sAhasika bane meLa ane vaheMcIne khAo. tamAro hisso suvAMga na gaNatA jarUrIAtavALAne megyatA mujaba pahoMcADe.' jIvanamAM emanA A saguNe kudaratanI kRpAdRSTi varasAvI temanA bhAratanI pUNyabhUminI aneka AryanArI ratnAe jagatanA cokamAM potAnA zIlacAritrya, dharma ane saMskAranI kIrtigaMgA vahAvI che. emAMya garavI gujarAtanAM nArI ratnoe pitAnA zIla, dharma ane saMskArane je ucca dAkhale vyakta karyo che enI neMdha Aje ahIM laIe te e aneka nArI ratnamAM eka nAma umeravAnI amArI hArdika IcchAne kaI avagaNI naDI zake. Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha ne opa Ape. svabhAva paNa paragajuvRttine, dilanI amIrAta vagere saMskAre temanA putraparivAramAM paNa jovA maLe che. punita kAryomAM zrImati kaMcanabahena ane raMbhAbahena eTalA ja bhaktibhAva pUrvaka rasa laI rahyAM che. valasADamAM nUtana keLavaNI maMDaLanA Trejharara tarIke kasturabA hospITalanI menejIMga kamiTinA sabhya tarIke ane anya saMsthAomAM temanI sevAo jANItI che. valasADanI AMkhanI hospITala, dadIo mATe sevA sadana bAMdhI ApI mAnava kalyANanuM ghaNuM moTuM kAma karyuM che. garIba dardIone satata madada karatA rahyAM che. valasADamAM leDIjha hosTela mATe dharmapatnI kaMcanabahenane nAme cAlIza hajAranI esTeTa arpaNa karI che. nAnA nAnA phaMDaphALAone keI hisAba ja nathI. valasADamAM sArvajanika keLavaNI maMDaLa dvArA cAlatI traNa hAIskUlanA Trejharara che. valasADamAM khI. mu. hAIskUla baMdhAvavAmAM 51000 jevI rakamanuM dAna ApyuM che. uparAMta tyAM le keleja ubhI karavAmAM lagabhaga paNe lAkhanI deNagI karI che. valasADa dazA zrImALI jJAtinA pramukha tarIkene hodo dharAve che. dilhInA gujarAtI bhavanamAM temanuM sArU evuM dAna che. valasADa ane vIrAranI saMkhyAbaMdha saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. taLAjAmAM jJAti mATe pitAzrIne nAme cAra dukAne aparNa karI che. pAlItANA keLavaNI maMDaLa ane DuMgaranI jJAti pravR* ttimAM sArU evuM dAna ApyuM che. amuka rakamathI vadhAre thAya te vAparyA karavI e temaNe parigraha sevya che. dhanya jIvana ! rU. 25000 valasADanI myuni. hospITalamAM pelejI DIpArTamenTa mATe sva. zrI khImacaMda lavajIbhAI pArekha dharma karmamAM jIvananA chellA zvAsa sudhI aTala zraddhA rAkhanAra zrI khImacaMdabhAIne janma taLAjA tAlukAnA beraDA gAme thaye. paNa pachIthI anukrame ThADaca ane pAlItANuM dhaMdhArthe AvIne vasyA ane vatana banAvyuM. prAthamika zikSaNa temaNe ThADacamAM lIdhuM. Aje paNa ThADaca gAma e pArekhanuM ThADaca tarIke jaina samAjamAM oLakhAya che. vIsa varSanI uMmare pAlItANAmAM temanuM Agamana thayuM. pacAsI varSe bhAvanagaramAM temane dehavilaya thaye. jemanI haiyAsujha ane gaNItanuM uMDu talasparzI jJAna samRddhi jotAM bhalabhalA arthazAstrIo ghaDIbhara stabdha banI naya. sAmAnya abhyAsa paNa vyApAranI dIrghadraSTi ane vyavahAramAM temanAM duraMdezIpaNAthI Aje paNa jUnI peDhInA temanI haroLanA ghaNu mANase mukata kaMThe yAda kare che. | bALaka jevA nirAbhimAnI, sAdAI, svAvalaMbana ane sevA-bhAvanAnA viziSTa lakSaNoe temanA kuTuMbanI khAnadAnIne caDatI ane paDatI mAnava jIvana sAthe tANAvANAnI jema guMthAyelI che. enI asaramAMthI bhAgye ja koI mAnavI bacI zake tema che. ane chatAM enI asaramAMthI bacIne banne sthitimAM eka ja raMgamAM samAnabhAve jIvanAra mAnavI kAMte zura hoya che ane kAMte puNyapuruSa purUSottama deva hoya che. yuvAna khImacaMdabhAIne rUnA vepAramAM zarUmAM moTI nukazAnI veThavI paDI. e banAvano AghAta e emanA jIvananuM mahatvanuM pAsu banI rahyuM. mitra nI preraNA ane protsAhaka sahakArathI bhAratanA mahatvanA sthaLe ane jaina tIrthone pravAsa karyo temAMthIja navu jovA jANavAnuM-samajavAnuM maLyuM. jIvana ghaDataranI navI dizA lAdhI. navAM sarjana karavAne umaLake jAgyo. hRdayamAM hAma bhIDI AgaLa vadhavAno manasube sense-pachI cAlu vyApAramAM sthira thayAM. temanI e pragatimAM temanA bahenone sahakAra mukhyatve rahyo. ghaNAMja dharmapremI, Aptajane taraphanI apAra lAgaNI, ane prekaTIkala jIvanamAM TakI rahevA pitAnA saMtAnane satatapaNe mArgadarzana ApyA karyuM. dharmaparAyaNazrI khImacaMdabhAI pAlItANAnA pachAta vistAramAM varSo sudhI rahIne lokonA nAnAmoTA vyavahArika prasaMge upayegI banyA che. jIMdagInA zeSa divase temaNe bhAvanagaramAM gALyA paNa pAlItANA paratvenuM mamatva kAyama rahyA karyuM. pitAnA sAta bahena ane cAra bhAIomAM zrI khImacaMdabhAI sauthI nAnA-temanI IcchA pAlItANAmAM kAMIka yAdagIrI rahe tevuM karavAnI hatI. pAlItANA jaina vADImAM pArekha hela banAvavAnI jAherAta hamaNAMja temanA suputra zrI manasukhabhAI ane anya kuTuMbIjano taraphathI karavAmAM AvI je A kuTuMbanI udAratAnI pratIti karAve che. Aje paNa nAnAmoTA phaMDaphALAomAM A kuTuMbanI deNagI cAluja hoya che. temanA suputro zrI manasukhabhAI tathA zrI kAntibhAI paNa evAja mojIlA svabhAvanA ane Atithya satkAranI bhAvanAvALA che. Jain Education Intemational

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vidhAnasabhA aNu cAra kAga mATenA sorIe zrI khImajI hemarAja cheDe zrIyuta khImajIbhAI kacchanA kaMThI pradezanA eka nAnakaDA gAma kuMdaroDInA ratna che. temanA pitA hemarAjabhAI eka sArA khetInA kavaiyA hatA. janmathI ja grAmya janatAne bhAre saMparka ane temAMthI sevAbhAvanA jAgI ane pachI te sAmAjika ane rAjakIya praznonA ukelamAM paDyA. kaccha uparanI kudaratI AphatomAM kacchanI janatAne yathAzakti sevA ApI. teo muMbaI AvyA ane cheDA javelarI mATe ane cheDA opTIkala mATe zarU karI temAM yazasvI banyA paNa sevAne jIva eTale muMbaI rAjyanI vidhAnasabhA mATe kacchanA mAMDavI muMdarA vibhAga mATenA umedavAra banyA ane te mATe bhAre pracAra karyo. 1952 mAM bombe grena DIlarsa esozIezananA hodedAro ane kArobArInA sabhyo vacce matabheda jAgyo tyAre AmaraNAMta upavAsa karavAnI jAherAta karI ane tenuM sukhada samAdhAna thayuM. kharcALa lagna vahevAre mATe bhAre jhuMbeza upADI ane patrikAo prakAzita karIne janatAne cImakIo ApI jAgRta karI zrI AtmAnaMda jaina sabhA dilhIe 1953 mAM temanI sevA-dharmabhAvanA ane gurU bhaktithI prerAIne sanmAna patra ApyuM. muMbaInA hullaDa samaye jIMdagInI paravA karyA vinA keTalAye jaina-ajaina kuTuMbone bacAvI pitAnI sevAnI sarabha prasarAvI. zikSaNa pratyenA premathI prerAIne kacchI visA osavALa zreya sAdhaka saMghanA maMtrI pada para rahIne kacchI komamAM zikSaNanA pracAra mATe smaraNIya kArya karyuM. kSaya roganA dardIone mATe 24 beDajhanI vyavasthAnuM kAma eka puNya kArya banI rahyuM. paMjAba kesarI AcArya pravara zrImad vijaya vRllabhasUrizvarajI mahArAjanI pratijJA mATe zrAvaka-zrAvikA utkarSa phaMDamAM rUA. pAMca lAkha ekaThA karavAmAM je avirata kArya karyuM che te jaina samAjanA itihAsamAM sonerI akSare lakhAze. teo ATheka varSathI dezamAM rahIne pitAnA gAmamAM vallabha chAza kendra khelyuM che. temAM jAte kAma karavAmAM AnaMda mAne che. AsapAsanA gAme lAbha che. tana-mana dhanathI sarabha prasarAvI rahyA che. e gurudevanI zatAbdinA mahA mahotsava mATe kacchathI doDI AvIne zikSaNa drasTa mATe tathA zAnadAra rIte ujavAyela yAdagAra mahotsava mATe zatAbdinA maMtrI tarIke je avirata sevA ApI che te preraNAtmaka che. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 eTaluM ja nahi lAkha rUpiyAnA dAna karIne jeNe pitAnI pratibhAne ujALI che evA udAra dAnavIra zeTha zrI khuzAladAsabhAI mahetA Ama te muLa taLAjAnA. bacapaNamAM kALI garIbI sAme jaMga khelIne thoDuM ghaNuM prAthamika zikSaNa lIdhu. jIvikA mATe pANI mamarAnA lADavA ke evI paracuraNa cIjavastuonI pherI karIne puruSArtha dvArA AtmasaMtoSa ane AnaMda anubhavatA. vRddha mAtAne paNa parAyA kAmakAja ane daLaNuM daLIne jIvana pasAra karavuM paDatuM. samaya jatA muMbaI javAnuM sadbhAgya sAMpaDyuM. dhaMdhAmAM jhaMpalAvyuM ane nasIbanuM pAMdaDu pharyuM. pitAnA bhAgya baLe ane dIrdhadaSTie saMpattinI reluM che ane doma doma sAhyabI ubhI thaI lakamInI caMcaLatAne ane dhanIkatAnI madabharI chAMTane jarApaNa sparza thayo nahi. lakSmInA pate TrasTI che ema mAnI saMpattine lekahitanA kAmamAM vahevaDAvavA mAMDayA. aneka samAja sevI saMsthAonA phaMDaphALAmAM dAnagaMgA zarU karI nAnAmoTA puNyanA popakArI kAmamAM lagAtAra lAgI gayA. sArvajanika pravRttiomAM manamUkIne Arthika sagavaDatAo pUrI pADI. sAMskArika kAryakramamAM sAme cAlI uttejana ApyuM. garIba vidhavAonA AMsu luchyA. AvA emanA bhAtIgaLa jIvananI saurabhathI ane aneka sakhAvatothI bhAvanagara jile dhanyatA anubhave che ke A dharatImAM AvA nara ratna ubhA thavAthI ja A bhUminI asmitA jaLavAI rahI che. temane dAna pravAha kyAreya aTakyA nathI. vatana taLAjAmAM mahilA maMDaLanI pravRtti hoya ke za LAnI zaikSaNika pravRtti hoya. haMmezA joitI savalate pahoMcADI che. putranA lagna prasaMge jItharI hospITalamAM TAvara baMdhAvyuM. pitAzrInA nAmanI dharmazALA baMdhAvI. dharmapatnI vImaLA bahenanA nAme 50 bIchAnAne eka vaDe baMdhAI gayA che. hospITalamAM dadIo mATe voTara kularsa mUkAvI ApyA che. mAtuzrI phulakIrabAI je. mahetAnA nAmanA 6 e. sI. koTeja baMdhAvI ApyA. jenI uddaghATana vidhI tA. 25-1-73 nA roja sudharAI pramukha IndubhAI davenA hAthe thaI. 1948mAM 40 pathArIthI zarU thayela hospITalamAM atyAre 750 pathArI che. Aja sudhImAM 88 hajAra dardIoe lAbha lIdho che. Aje paNa hospITalanA vahIvaTa pratye zeTha zrI khuzAladAsabhAI jAtI dekharekha rAkhe che ane haMmezA sajAga che. tAjetaramAM netrayajJanuM uddaghATana temanA pramukhasthAne thayuM. zeThazrInI kaMpanIne 1968mAM 50 varSa purA thaI cA. golDana jayubIlI ujavAI. vyApAramAMthI have dhIre dhIre nivRtti laI rahyAM che. pratAparAya tathA dIlIpakumAra pratAparAya dave peDhIne vahIvaTa saMbhALe che. zrI khuzAladAsabhAI ja. mahetA (muMbaI) saurASTra gujarAtamAM TI.bI nA dadIone yogya sAravAra maLI rahe ane tamAma jAta nI suvidhAo prApta thAya evA zubha AzayathI ane dilanA umaLakAthI bhAvanagara jillAnA senagaDha pAse jItharImAM TI.bI. hospITalanA pAyA nAkhIne Aja sudhI saMsthAne jeNe cetana ane skuti ApyA che Jain Education Intemational

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha nikhAlasa hadayanA garIo pratyenI hamadardI dharmazraddhALa. ane udAratAne uMmadadaguNa jenI nasenasamAM Aja dhabakAra laI rahyo che. evAM zeThazrI khuzAladAsabhAIne bhAre moTA bahumAnathI sau sanmAnI rahyAM che. tathA TrasTI zrI bha rata sarasvatI maMdira saMsada, zAradAgrAma, mAMgaroLa pramukha zrI seraTha vikAsa maMDaLa muMbaI, sabhya menejIMga kamiTi zrI brahada bhAratIya samAja muMbaI zrI vijaya mitra maMDaLa zrI soraTha kSaya nivAraNa samiti TrasTI zizumaMgala junAgaDha, vagere saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che ane menejIMga kamiTinA sabhya tarIke prasukha tarIke, TrasTI tarIke Ama eka yA bIjI rIte teo pitAnI sevA ApI rahyA che, eDanamAM vividha saMsthAone ane ahIM paNa zAradAgrAma prAthamika sAravAra kendra, mAMgaroLa TI. bI. hospITala kezeda vagere saMsthAone temaNe sArI evI sahAya karI che. dI che athavA pitAno zrI galabAbhAI mAnabhAI paTela banAsakAMThA jillAnA vaDagAmanA vatanI, sAta dhoraNa sudhI ja abhyAsa paNa rASTrIya sevA bhAvanAnA aMkura nAnapaNathI temanAmAM pragaTayA hatA. zikSaNa paMcAyata ane sahakArI kSetre ghaNA varSothI vividha kAryonuM saMcAlana karI rahyAM che. AjhAdInI laData ane paMcAyata rAjya vasthAne kAraNe temanA jIvana ghaDataramAM mahatvano bhAga bhajavyo. bhUtakALamAM jJAti sudhAraNa tathA garIba pachAta komanA savAlomAM rasa lIdho hato. Aje paNa vaDagAma tAlukA paMcAyata, banAsakAMThA jillA paMcAyata, jillA sahakArI dUdha utpAdaka saMgha, sahamaMDaLIo, keLavaNI maMDaLa, jillA kheDUta maMDaLa ane Itara sAmAjika saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. akhila bhAratanI pravAsa yAtrA karI che. aitihAsika navalakathAo ane dhArmika sAhityanA vAMcanane zekha dharAve che. zrI gulAbacaMda gepALadAsa sirAja zrI gulAbacaMdabhAIne janma eDanamAM 1911mAM thaye hate chatA mAMgaroLamAM zikSaNa laIne teo 1928mAM meTrika thayA 1930mAM eDanamAM temaNe paNa pitAnI sAthe dhaMdhe zarU karyo. chellA lagabhaga 130 varSathI eDanamAM temane vyApAra-dhaMdhe cAlI rahyo che. 1942mAM duzamane e DubADyA paNa jIvatadAna pAmIne bAra divasa sudhI lAgalagaTa arabI samudranA kinAre cAlyA pachI, teramA divase eDana sarakAre DUbelAonI bhALa meLavIne kherAka ane jIvana jarUriyAtanI cIja vastuo temane pahoMcADIne bacAvyA. A eDanamAM paNa temanI peDhI ghaNI AgaLa paDatI ane vizvAsaniya che. zrI gulAbabhAInuM kuTuMba chellI traNa peDhIthI tyAMja che. temanA pitAzrIne janma paNa tyAM ja temane khudane janma paNa tyAM ane temanA putra anilakAMta paNa tyAM ja jamyA che. temaNe 1949 mAM saurASTramAM ane 154 mAM muMbaImAM dhaMdho zarU karyo. Aje temanI peDhI bhAratamAM eka agraNI nikAsakAra ane udyogapati gaNAya che. sirAja sansanA nAme oLakhAtI eka ane vADIlAla prA. li. sAthe bhAgIdArImAM zarU karela "sirAja vADIlAla enTara prAIjhanI peDhIo temanI che. - sabhya menejIMga kamITI ola InDIyA ekasaparTa cembara TrAphIka rIvIjhana kamITI, vesTarna InDIyA zIparsa esasIezana, inDIyana kAunsila opha phareIna TeDanA sabhya tarIke zrI zekazIdAsa DAhyAbhAi zAha ApabaLe karmagathI zUnyamAMthI sarjana karanAra sva. zeTha zrI gokaLadAsa DAhyAbhAI zAhanI jIvana jharamara preraka ane dAkhalArUpa che. jAmanagaranI bAjunA khIlesa gAmanA rahIza TAMcA sAdhanothI jAmanagaramAM zAha zIvalAla dhIrajalAlanI peDhI zarU karI. pramANika vyavahAra ane sAhasavRttivALA svabhAvane kAraNe peDhI uttarottara khuba vikAsa pAmatI gaI. ane jAmanagaranI AgevAna peDhIomAMnI eka banI. te vakhatanA navAnagara rAjya, anAja, tela vagerenI kharIdI mATe temane kAma suparata kareluM. vepArI bhAIonA saMgaThana mATe jAmanagaramAM greIna ane sIDasa esozIezananI sthApanA karI ane tenA prathama pramukha banyA. keLavaNI pratyenA athAga premane kAraNe hAlAra vidya-tejaka saMsthA mATe moTI rakamanuM dAna meLavI tene saddhara pAyA para mukI amerikA abhyAsa karavA jatAM temanA suputra hasamukharAyanuM vimAnI akasmAtamAM duHkhada avasAna thatAM tenI smRtimAM udAra sakhAvata ApI sva. hasamukharAya gokaladAsa zAha memorIyala TrasTa ubhuM karyuM. jenA Azraya nIce bAlamaMdira, kumAra maMdira, mAdhyamika skUla ane hAIskUlamAM 1500 uparAMta vidyAthIo jJAna gaMgAnuM pAna karI rahyA che. rAjakeTanI zIMgadANu telanI suvikhyAta peDhIo harasukhalAla enDa bradharsa ane ena. jI zAhanI sthApanA karI. - vepAra kSetre siddhi hAMsala karyA pachI udyoga jege temaNe mITa mAMDI ane jAmanagaramAM adyatana enTI bAyoTika salphA vagere davAo banAvavA mATe peregona leboreTarIjhanI sthApanA karI merabI vejITebala eNDakaTasa nukazAnInA kAraNe baMdha paDela temAM 1964mAM prANa puryo ane keIpaNa dhaMdhA udyoga saphaLa ane dRSTivALuM menejameMTa saphaLatA pUrvakU vaijJAnika calAvI zake che ane naphe karI zake che. tema sAbita karyuM. keTalAka varSothI baMdha paDelA bhAvanagara kemIkala varkasa (1946) limiTeDane bIjI celeMja tarIke svIkAryuM ane tene Jain Education Intenational

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910 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 prasiddhinI khevanA vagara rAjakAraNI tadna alipta rahIne dhaMdhA udyogakSetre saurASTramAM siddhi meLavanAra ane keLavaNI kSetre jAmanagaramAM eka smAraka mukI janAra sva. zeTha zrI gokaladAsa DAhyAbhAI zAhanA jIvanamAMthI ghaNuM zIkhavA zrI gautamabhAI cImanalAla zAha ghATakoparanA siMha tarIke varSo sudhI muMbaImAM ane sArAye bhArata dezanA jaina samAjamAM jemanI khyAtI prasarAyelI tevA zeThazrI cImanalAla popaTalAla zAhanA cIrajIva zrI gautamabhAIne Aje gujarAtanA ucca samAjamAM keNa nahI oLakhatuM hoya? 1927nA DisembaranI 30 mIe muMbaImAM temane janma thaye abhyAsa ane temanA pAmIsTrInA zekhe temaNe paradezamAM paNa aneka mitre meLavyA. zrImatI snAbahenanA kamaLa kaMThanI prazaMsA paradezamAM paNa eTalI ja thaI ane razIyA tathA mIDala isTanA dezamAM parazIana ane purtI bhASAmAM temanI rekarDa paNa bahAra pADavAmAM AvI ane niyamita rIte paradezI reDIo sTezano para progrAme paNa ApyA. temanA pitAzrI zeThazrI cImanabhAIe varSo sudhI ghATakopara koMgresa kamiTinA tathA myunisipAlITInA pramukha tarIke sevA ApI. temanA pitrAIbhAI zeThazrI kAMtibhAI ane kuTumbe eka paNa paise keInI paNa pAsethI lIdhA vagara sArAe dezanI sauthI moTI hospITala "sarvodaya hospITala" jemAM Azare 2500 khATalAo che te bAMdhI ane taddana najI cArja laI pitAnuM nAma kayAMya paNa jAheramAM ApyA vagara hajAra dardI onI sevA A kuTumba Aja karI rahyuM che. hospITalanA vizALa bagIcAmAM bhagavAna zrI pArzvanAthajInuM Adhunika derAsara bhagavAna zrI kRSNanuM jaLamaMdira tathA hAlamAM bhagavAna zrI rASabhadevanuM maMdira baMdhAvyuM che. temanA patnI zrImati snAbahena jaina samAjanA AgevAna ane muMbaIne pratiSThita nAgarIka ane Isyuransa kSetranA AgevAna zeThazrI sI. TI. zAhanA putrIe M. A. no abhyAsa muMbaI yunivarsiTImAM karI saMgItanI varSo sudhI keLavaNI lIdhI. Aje paNa teoe kudaratI bakSIsa ne madhura kaMTha jALavI rAkhe che. F. C. C. S. (LONDON) yar BQUIZ karI potAnA pitAzrIne eka paNa paise lIdhA sIvAya pite ekasaparTanA dhaMdhAnI zarUAta karI ane paradeza jaI dhaMdho vikasAvyuM ane thoDAka ja samayamAM gIla enDa kuAM. (prA) lI. ku. jevI mAtabara kaMpanImAM ekasaparTanA dhaMdhA puratA bhAgIdAra tarIke joDAyA ane tyArabAda temanI kuzaLatAthI gIla ku. nA e jaTa tarIke amadAvAdamAM rUne dhaMdho vikasAvyuM. Aje teo hindustAnanI eka naMbaranI se varSa junI jANItI rUnI peDhI me khImajI vizrAma enDa sansanA guja. rAtanA sela selIMga ejanTasa tarIke moTo baMdha karI rahyA che. ane rU bajAranA rAjA tarIke jANu tA zeThazrI haMsarAjabhAI jIvaNadAsanI jI kaMpanImAM paNa DIrekaTara tarIke sevA ApI rahyA che. teozrI avAranavAra paradezamAM ghaNue dezamAM pitAnA dhaMdhAkIya sabaMdhe jALavavA ane vikasAvavA jAya che. bAMgalAM dezanI rathApanA thatAnI sAthe ja tyAM jaI dhaMdhAkIya saMbaMdho bAMdhI AvyA hAlamAja mIDala isTa yuropa, iMgalenDa, ame. rIkA, jApAna, vI vI. ghaNA dezomAM jaI rAunDa dhI varlDanI musApharI karI pAchA pharyA che. temanA pitAzrI tathA mAtuzrI jIvIbahenanA ane vaDIla baMdhu zrI kAntibhAInA sevAbhAvI jIvanamAMthI preraNA meLavI zrI gautamabhAIe temane saMskAra vAraso jALavI rAkhe che. zrI gautamabhAI ane temanuM kuTumba Aje gujarAtI samAjanuM gaurava che. prA. caMdrikAbena vAsudeva pAThaka A saMskRta - ardhamAgadhI sAthe ema. e. nI upAdhI meLavI. abhyAsa manana ane vAcananuM temanA kuTuMbamAM ghaNu ja anukULa vAtAvaraNa hovAthI zrImatI pAThaka kAyadAnuM zikSaNa meLavavAne sabhAgI banI zakayA saMskRtanA vyAkhyAtA tarIke temane sAro evo anubhava gujarAtI ane saMskRtamAM nATaka, kAvya ane lekho lakhavAno bahoLo anubhava-AkAzavANI dvArA temanI kRtione paricaya ApaNane jANavA maLe che. zrI prA. caMdrakAMta eca. joSI ema. e. elaela. bI, sAhitya sudhAkara bhASAbhuSaNa e emanI zaikSaNika lAyakAta che. chellA pAMca varasathI teo amadAvAda roTarI kalabanA DIrekaTara che tathA amadAvAdanI nAmAMkIta kalabanA AjIvana sabhya paNa che. varSo sudhInA temanA paradezamAM raheThANa ane vizvanA keTalAe dezonA pitAnA dezanA pitAnA pravAsa daramyAna rAjadvArI, lazkarI ane sAmAjIka kAryakaronA paricayamAM AvyAM ane temAM paNa khAsa karIne temane ane temanI patnI zrImatI jayensane bahenano saMgItane Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha thaMca 911 rAjakeTanI mAtuzrI virabAImAM mahilA kolejamAM bhugoLaviSayanuM adhyApana kArya kare che. temanI khAsa abhirUcImAM lekho-vividha viSayo para taiyAra karavA. zikSaNa rAjakAraNa ane bhaugolika bAbate para vidyAthI kALathI ja nibaMdha spardhA vakRtva spardhAmAM abhirUcI mAnava bhugoLa, rAjakiya bhUgoLa bhASA-sAhitya zAyarI gajhala-kAvyane rasa dharAve che. vakIla prAdhyApaka ke ucca kakSAnI vahIvaTI hodAnI nokarInI abhilASA ! LL. B. vakIlAtamAM jaldIthI mana na mAnyu adhyApana svIkAryuM. AI. e. esa nI parikSAmAM beThAM paraMtu kendra amadAvAda rAkheluM. hindu, muralImanA komI hullaDamAM phasAI gayAM ane pragatimAM avarodha ubhA thaze. gujarAta rAjyanI " 69 navembaranI DepyuTI kalekaTaranI parikSAmAM beThA saphaLa thayA. hAikorTanA DAyarekaTa rIkruTamenTa karI na zakAya tevA cukAdAmAM teo nIkaLI gayA kendra sarakAranA gRhakhAtAmAM dIlhI khAte inTelIjansa ophisara tarIke nimaNuMka thaI paraMtu koleja nAM adhyApanamAM ota prota thaI gayA hovAthI choDavAnuM mana vizALa parivArane bhAre AMcako ApI A duniyAmAMthI e yauvana akALe AthamI gayuM. temanA vaDIla baMdhue sApakaDAmAM buniyAdI gujarAtI zALA mATe tera hajAranuM dAna karyuM. sADAbAra hajAra rUpIyA mahAvIra jaina vidyAlayane arpaNa karyA. uparAMta sva. caMdulAla koThArI ejayukezana TrasTa sthApI. kAyamI yAdagIrI ubhI karI. ghATakopara ane aneka jaina maMdiramAM dAnanI saritA vahetI rAkhI. sva. nA AtmAne sAcI zraddhAMjalI apI. zrI caMdulAla sukhalAla mahetA surendranagaranA jAherajIvanamAM chellA pacIsa varSathI kAma ApI rahelA zrI caMdulAlabhAIne vyavasAyamAM potAnI kamizana ejanTanI peDhI che. paNa sArvajanika kSetre surendranagara ejayu. kezana sosAyaTInI sthApanAthI mAMDIne Aje te saMsthAnA maMtrI tarIkenI kAmagIrI, tabIbI rAhata maMDaLamAM maMtrI tarIke, saurASTra meDIkala senTaranA maMtrI tarIke - 1972mAM TI. bI. hospITalanI sthApanA vakhate rUA. pacIza lAkhanuM bhaMDoLa ubhu karavAmAM mahatvanI kAmagIrI, jaina zaikSaNika saMsthAo ane chAtrAlayamAM mahatvanI javAbadArI, sahakArI kSetre pIpalesa ke-e benka, apanA bajAra audyogika saMgha vigere sakriya kAmagIrI, duSkALa, ativRSTi ane anAvRSTi jevA prasaMgamAM mahatvanI javAbadArI svIkArIne gaNanApAtra kAma karyuM che. zrI caMdulAla TI. zAha abhyAsakALa daramyA, hAiskulamAM L. I. c. mAM posTa TelIgrApha khAtAmAM InspekaTara vi. oDare maLelA chevaTe atyAre mA sarasvatIne caraNa jIvana vahAvI rahyA che. sva. aMdulAla lakSmIcaMda jeThArI ugI uSA paNa na ugI savAra jemanI keTalAMka tejasvI AmAe pRthviIne pATale jamela che ane pachI pitAnI tejasvItAnI bhabhaka verI TUMka samayamAM vidAya le che. mAnavInI kRtatva zakita jyAre jAgI uThe che. tyAre sattA sukha ane saMpattine vyAha tajIne potAnA katatva dvArA je sevAdharmanI preraka suvAsa e phelAvI jAya che e enA jIvananI ciraMtana yazakalagI banI jAya che. ane jemanuM AyuSa TUMku hoya che teo temanI TUMkI kArakIrdimAM ghaNuM ghaNuM sArU karI jAya che. ane saMskAranA dhavala prakAza dvArA ghaNI moTI yAdagIrI mUkatA jAya che. surendranagara jilalAnuM sAmakaDA temanuM vatana. InTara kemarsa sudhIno muMbaImAM abhyAsa, 1950 thI vyApAramAM mana parovyuM. zarUAtathIja phekaTarI kArakhAnAne thanaganATa hatA. jene kAraNe surendranagaramAM jhene tha ejInanI phekaTarI kharIdI paNa kamanasIbe phekaTarI cAlI nahI-emAM ghaNI mahenata aMte cAlane karI barAbara calAvavI zarU thatAM ja bhAI caMdulAlanuM yuvAnavaye karuNa avasAna thayuM. muMbaImAM potAne maTAbhAIe sthApelI peDhIne potAnI buddhi tathA hiMmatathI eka agragaNya sthAnamAM mUkI che. saccAI, khaMta ane hiMmatathI khUba ja AgaLa vadhavAnA temanA keDa hatA kudaratane e maMjUra nhotuM. saNasaTha varasanI uMmaranA ane muMbaimAM sArU evuM mAnapAna pAmelA jaina samAjanA AgevAna kAryakartA zrI caMdulAlabhAI TI. zAha mULa saurASTranA vaDhavANa zaheranA vatanI che. nAnI uMmarathI ja muMbaImAM temanuM Agamana thayuM. pitA vImAnA vyavasAyamAM hatA. teo gujarI gayA bAda pitAnI vIza varSanI vaye 1926mAM mesarsa kIlAcaMda devacaMdanI ku. mAM enA vImA vibhAgamAM bhAgIdAra tarIke joDAIne kArakIrdinI zarUAta karI te pachI ghaNA varSo sudhI judI judI paradezanI moTI moTI vImA kampanIomAM javAba dArI bharyuM sthAna bhegavI, ghaNuM anubhavela mane ghaNo bahoLe paricita samudAya ubhuM , duniyAnA saMkhyAbaMdha dezane traNavAra pravAsa paNa karyo che. sevA bhAvanAnA aMkuro vArasAmAM maLelA tene laIne tathA vAMcana-manana-ciMtana, saMgIta, satsaMga ane navA navA sneha saMbaMdha vadhAravAnA potAnA AgavA zekhane kAraNe ghaNI sAmAjika, dhArmika saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAIne samAja sevAnA kAmamAM paNa ghaNuM moTuM pradAna rahyuM che. vetAmbara jaina kenpharansa, vilepArale sevA samAja, keLavaNI maMDaLa - jaina saMgha- nANAvaTI hospITala, siddhakSetra, bAlAzrama, siddhakSetra zrAvikAzrama, yazovijaya jaina gurUkuLa Jain Education Intemational

Page #917
912 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 ane anya keTalIka saMsthAonA maMtrI - pramukha agara kArya dhaMdhArthe vizvanA ghaNA dezone pravAsa kheDI ghaNAja vAhaka samitinA sabhya tarIke sevAo ApatA rahyA hatA baLe anubhava meLavI zakyA che. ane bhAratane svarAjya maLyA bAdanAM prathama je. pI. ane onararI presIDensI mejIsTreTonI nimaNuMka thayelI tyAre mIlanasAra ane paropakArI svabhAvanA 41 varSanA temanI paNa nimaNuka thayelI ane 17 varSa sudhI e pada A navayuvAna zrI citaraMjabhAIne jyAre juo tyAre hasa bhagavIne 60 varSa rITAyarDa thayelAM che. mukho cahero, vANImAM vinamratA ane sahiSNutA e emanA AgavA guNe spaSTa tarI Avaze. temanI pitAnI saccAI dhagaza maLatAvaDApaNuM ane nispRha bhAve saMbaMdha bAMdhavA ane nibhAvavAnI temanI dhaMdhAmAM rasa levA uparAMta ghaNIja sAmAjika saMsthAo uccattama bhAvanAe, samAje temane ghaNe ucca Asane sAthe sakriya rIte saMkaLAyelA che. besADayA che. hAlamAM dhaMdhAdArI kSetre muMbaInA prakhyAta alaMkAra sinemA tathA ajaTA thIyeTaranA bhAgIdAra che. ghaNu aMdherInI lAyansa kalabanI pAMgarelI pravRti temane AbhArI che e kalabanA pramukha tarIke paNa rahIne ujajavaLa ja vyavahAra kuzaLa ane nakadIla zrI caMdulAlabhAI TI. zAha ApaNuM gaurava che. bhAta pADI che. zrI cImanalAla DI. svAminArAyaNa lAyansa InTaranezanalanA DepyuTI DIsTrIkaTa garvanara tarIke paNuM suMdara sevA bajAvI che. jyAre jyAre mAnavatAne sAda beTAdanA vatanI ela. ela. ema (eDekeTa) sudhInI paDe che ane ucca zikSaNa ane keLavaNInA anya prayogo abhyAsa. 1942 thI vakIlAtanI zarUAta karI. 1968 mAM mATe jyAre jyAre nANAnI Tahela naMkhANI che tyAre zrI vakIlAta cheDI-- bhAvanagara ke kolejanA pUrNa samayanA leka- cittaraMjanabhAIe sAme cAlIne dAnanuM jharaNuM vahAvyuM che. carara tarIke joDAyA. 1970 mAM presara thayAM ane 1972 mAM dhULakAnI keleja temane AbhArI che. dhoLakA keLavaNI maMDaLa prinsIpAla banyA. dvArA temanI sevA zakitane ghaNe lAbha jana samAjane maLyo pUjya gurUjI zrI nAthajIbhAI IcchArAmabhAI zukala. che. jaina samAjamAM paNa teo sArU evuM mAnapAna pAmyA che. rahevAsI umareTha tathA temanA pa. pUjya zikhya vakIla zrI Izva nAnAmoTA phaMDaphaLAo emanI sArI evI deNagI che. ralAla lAbhazaMkara paMDyA, vakIla zrI maNIlAla lakSmIdAsa temane tyAMthI kadI kaI nirAza thaI pAchu gayuM nathI temanI bhAlajA vALAne satsaMga 1938 nI sAlathI thaye. temanA Atithya satkAranI bhAvanA paNa ajoDa che. satsaMgathI ja vana 'satsaMga pradhAna thaI gayuM. AdhyAtmika pravRttiomAM vizeSa rasa uparAMta 2000 nI sAlathI bhAvana- hiMmata, khaMta ane zraddhAne sathavAre vyApAramAM - sAmAjika garanI gujarAtI kaMsArA jJAtinI beDiMganA mAnad sekreTarI sthAnamAM ghaNI moTI pratiSThA hAMsala karI che - gujarAtanuM tarIke cAluM che. temanA be bhAIo zrI harSadarAya tathA teo gaurava samA che. ramezacaMdra dhoLakA-dhaMdhukAmAM DokaTara tarIke prAIveTa prekaTIsa kare che. zrI svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyanA custa anuyAyIomAM zrI cImanabhAI dAdubhAI desAI zrI cimanabhAInI gaNanA thAya che. AjhAdInI laDatanA judA judA tabakkAonuM jIvana vRtAMta zrI citaraMjanabhAI dAmodaradAsa tatkAlina navalakathAo temaja jIvana caritromAM jovA maLe che. sAhasika vyApArI, sakhAvatI sajajana ane sAmAjika carotara vidyAmaMDaLa ane carotara grAmoddhAra sahakArI maMDaLa, pravRtinA praNetA tarIkenuM bIruda prApta karanAra zrI citaraMjana vallabha vidyAnagaranA mAnada maMtrI zrI cImanabhAI dAdubhAI bhAI gujarAtamAM dhoLakA tAlukAnA trAMsada gAmanA mULa vatanI che. desAInuM jIvana paNa tevA ja tabakkAnuM eka aneru pAsuM che. ghaNu varSothI A kuTuMbane muMbaImAM vasavATa rahyo che. temAM AjhAdInI laDatanI chAMTa hovA chatAM ghaNu evuM juduM chatAM vatana paratvenI mamatA bhUlyA nathI. nAnI vayathI ja ane AgavuM tatva paNa saheje joI zakAya che. zrI cImanabhAI kuzAgrabuddhi ane sakhta parizramane kAraNe nAnI umaramAMja desAIno janma temanA mesALa bhAdaraNa gAme tA. 18mI dhaMdhAmAM jhaMpalAvyuM. prArabdha ane purUSArthane yoge be paisA okaTobara 1918 nA roja thayo hato. temanuM mULa vatana kamAyA. naDiyAda (desAI vagere) paraMtu temanA dAdA Apa sAhebanuM 1953 thI zarU karele dhaMdhAkIya prayAsa Aje vaTavRkSa mosALa bAkarola gAmamAM ane bAkarolanI moTI milkata banyA che. chellA traNeka varSathI kansTrakazana lAinamAM paNa bhANeja tarIke temane bakSIkSa maLelI tethI teo have bAkarola sArI pragati karI che. mAMja rahe che. Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 913 raka. te jaTIla sI hatI ane Aja vidhAne A zrI cImanabhAInI peDhIne abhyAsakALa ApaNI rASTrIya AjhAdIne saMgrAmakALa hatuM. prAthamika zikSaNa bAkarela tathA naDiyAdamAM lIdhA bAda mAdhyamika keLavaNI sAntAjhanI pedAra hAIskUlamAM zrI rAmaprasAda bakSI jevA zikSakanA hAtha nIce prApta karI. gheDo vakhata mAdhyamika zikSaNa naDiyAda ane karamasadanI hAIskUlamAM paNa prApta karyuM. yuvAna vayathI ja AjhAdI saMgrAmanI jhALa temane sparzI gaI ane te aMgenI vidha vidha pravRttiomAM zarUAtathI ja teo bhAga letA thayA. jene pariNAme sane 1932-1941 tathA 1942 mAM temaNe jela yAtrA bhegavI hatI rASTrIya netAo sAthenA temanA kuTuMbanA gADha saMbaMdhanI pratiti saradArazrI tathA darabAra gopAladAsabhAI e tA. 13-5-1935 nA roja zrI cImanabhAInA lagna prasaMge jAte AzirvAda ApavA hAjarI ApI hatI temAMthI thAya che temaja tA. 9-3-42 nA roja saradArazrI gujarAtanA pravAse gujarAtamAM AvatI laDatanA aMdhaNanI jhAMkhI karAvavA AvyA tyAre bAkarola gAmamAM zrI cImanabhAInuM makAna je 'desAI havelI" kahevAya che tyAM AvyA hatA ane gAmanI jAherasabhAmAM saradArazrIe kaheluM ke huM nAnapaNamAM mArA abhyAsakALa daramyAna A havelImAM rahyo chuM Aje ahIM Avyo tethI DuM RNa cukavyu tema mAnuM chuM, "hinda choDe" laData daramyAna dADhI vadhArI bhugarbhamAM rahI sane 1942mAM vaDodarA spezyala sezansa kesa, saMjAyA DerI bhAMgaphoDa kesa vi. khaTalAmAM teo mukhya AropI hatA. AjhAdInI laDatane raMga temane lAgI jatAM tyArapachI temaNe pitAnI pravRttione judo vaLAMka ApyuM. 1938mAM bAkarola mukAme sva. darabAra zrI gopALadAsanA pramukhapade yojAyelA peTalAda tAlukA prajA maMDaLanA prathama adhivezananA svAgatamaMtrI tarIkenI temaja sane 1947nI 23mI mArcanA reja vaDodarA rAjya prajA maMDaLanA chellA adhivezananA svAgatama trI tarIkenI kAmagIrI temaNe bajAvI hatI. ane Ama saMgaThanAtmaka temaja sakriya racanAtmaka pravRttio saphaLa rIte hAtha dharavAnI zaktimAM aMkuro tyArathI ja temanAmAM kuTI nIkaLyAM hatAM. piTalAda tAlukA prajA maMDaLanI saphaLatAnA pAne caDhI teo potAnI saMgaThana zakita parizrama tathA haiyA ukelAta jevA guNe ane saMpUrNa kAryakSamatAnA paripAkarUpe vaDodarA jillA kalarDanA 1946-47mAM upapramukha banyA ane tyArabAda 1949-50mAM kheDA jillA lekalabarDamAM kegresa pakSanA daMDaka tarIkenI kAmagIrI bajAvI. Ama bharajuvAnInA varasethI ja teo sAmAjika tathA prajAhitanA sevA kAryomAM bhAga letA thaI gayA. sane 1945 mAM pujya bhAIkAkAe vallabha vidyAnagaranA sarjanane saMkalpa karyo tyArathI ja zrI cImanabhAI taraphathI temane hArdika sAtha ane sahakAra maLato rahyo. eTaluM ja nahI paraMtu mukhyatve temanI kathA svargastha purazottamadAsa ane anya bhAIonI AgevAnI nIce bAkarola gAmanI jamInamAMthI "Ie teTalI jamIna" pujya bhAikAkAne ApavAnI udAra ane badhI zaratI beThaka valalabha vidyAnagaranI saMsthAne tenA prAraMbhakALe maLI rahI ane valabha vidyAnagaranA sarjana aMge eka jaTIla samasyAne saraLa ane sukhada ukela AvI za. tethI ja Aje se koI emane vallabha vidyAnagaranA sarjananI preraNAthI abhibhUta thayelI ane tenA pAyAmAMnI eka AgavI vyakita tarIke oLakhAvI zake che ane tethI ja pujya bhAI kAkAe lakhela "bhAI kAkAnA saMsmaraNe. puratakamAM lakhyuM che ke "zrI cImanabhAI desAI eka zrImaMta kuTuMbanA nabIrA che. temanI traNa peDhIoe teo ekanA ekaja dIkarA hovAthI ghaNA lADamAM ucharelA paNa 14 varasanI uMmara thIja temane gAMdhIjIne raMga lAgele jethI AjhAdInI laDatamAM bhAga lIdhelo, jhIlanI sajA paNa bhagavelI. valabha vidyAnagara ubhu karavA gAmanI temaja pitAnI sau prathama ophara karelI ane tene mATe AphrikA jaI dasa lAkha rUpiyAnuM bhaMDaLa laI AvelA. baMne maMDaLanA vahIvaTamAM vyavahArU zANapaNuM ane keThAsujhathI kAma kare che makAna mAlikanI, pleTa mAlikenI, prophesaranI, karmacArIonI phariyAda sAMbhaLavI ane tene saMteSakAraka ukela lAve e temanI pa se kAma kaDhAvI levAnI kuneha che." "AdaryA adhurA nA rahe" evI laganI dharAvatA hovAthI vidyAnagaramAM upADelA kAryo purA karavA mATe temaja zaikSaNika saMsthAo ubhI karavA mATe joItA nANu ubhA karavA pujya bhAIkAkA tathA sva zrI bhIkhAbhAI sAhebanI paDakhe ubhA rahI zrI cImanabhAIe je madada ane sevA ApI che te noMdhapAtra hakIkata che. AvA ja kAme teo e sane 1951 mAM sva zrI bhIkhAbhAI sAthe IsTa AphrikAno pravAsa karyo ane tyAMthI cArUtara vidhyAmaMDaLa mATe rUpiyA dasa lAkha jeTalI rakama dAnamAM lAvyA. tAjetaranAM varasema pu. bhAIkAkAnI paMcoteramI janma jayaMti prasaMge temaja zrI eca ema. paTela sAhabanI SaSTIpUrti prasaMge prasaMzanIya kahI zakAya evI rakama maMDaLa mATe dAnamAM ekatrIta karavAmAM zrI cImanabhAIne phALe savizeSa ane dhyAna kheMce evo hato. A badhI hakIkatemAMthI temanA sahadayI svabhAva; saujanyatA ane saMgaThana zaktine saceTa khyAla AvI zake tema che. gujarAta sarakAranA mAhitI khAtA taraphathI sane 1969 mAM " svAtaMtrya saMgrAmanA laDavaiyA" e pustakamAM zrI cImanabhAIne AjhAdInA saMgrAmamAM je phALe che tenI noMdha lIdhI che. vizALa vAcana grAhya ane eka sArA vaktA tarIkenA temanA guNa e temane zaikSaNika pravRttio tarapha AkarSA. 1959 mAM zrI eca. ema. paTela sAheba cArutara vidyAmaMDaLanA adhyakSapade AvatA temane temanA kAryamAM madadarUpa mAhitI khAtA A pustakamAM rAdha lIdhI Jain Education Intemational

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914 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asimatA bhAga-2 thavA zrI cImanabhAIe cArutara vidyAmaMDaLanA sahamaMtrInuM pada svIkAryuM. vallabha vidyAnagaranI bIjI saMsthA carotara grAmadvAra sahakArI maMDaLI li. nA maMtrIpade paNa teo potAnI sevAo ane zakti ApI rahyA che. jene pagI kAryo karatI evI bIjI saMsthAo sAthe paNa teo saMkaLAelA che. carotara ejyukezana sosAyaTI, ANaMda tathA sAbarakAMThA Arogya maMDaLa vAtrakanA kAryavAhaka sabhya tarIke kArIyA ejyukezana sosAyaTInA kAryavAhaka maMDaLanA sabhya tarIke teo sevAo ApI rahyA che. bAkarela dUdha utpAdaka sahakArI maMDaLInA adhyakSapade, saradAra paTela yunivarsiTInI sIDIkeTanA sabhyapade temaja saradAra paTela yunivarsiTInA egrIkalcarala proDakaTIvITI sarvisa yuniyananA kAryavAhaka maMDaLanA sabhya tarIke paNa teo potAnI sevAo ApI rahyA che. pujya kRpATavAnaMdajI mahArAje sthApela kAyAvarohaNa tIrtha sevAsamAjanI sthApanAnA samayathI tenA mukhya kAryakartA tarIke sevA ApI rahyA che. 1959 thI jyAre zrI bhAIkAkA rAjakAraNamAM pravezyA ane gujarAta svataMtra pakSanI sthApanA karI tyArathI 1970 sudhI teoe gujarAta svataMtra pakSanA khajAnacI tarIke temaja pakSanI anya bAbatamAM paNa pitAne samaya ane zakita purepurI rIte lagADelI. rAjakAraNamAM dhArAsabhAmAM umedavAra banI dhArAsabhya thavAnI darekanI prabaLa IcchA hoya che. jyAre zrI cImanabhAIne cuMTAvAnI ujaLI take hatI. peTalAda vibhAga ane ANaMda vibhAganI janatAnI mAMga hatI tyAre paNa temaNe eka ja vAkaya kaheluM ke "bhAIkAkA, huM svataMtra pakSane majabuta banAvavA ane tene gujarAtamAM majabuta pAyA upara mUkavA joDA chuM nahIM ke dhArAsabhya banavAnI umedathI." Aje te nahIM paNa huM svataMtra pakSamAM kayAreya hoddA mATe icchA rAkhavAnuM nathI. A paNa temanI AgavI rAjakAraNanI pratibhA che. tra zakita 5rAsabhya thavAnI ja mAMga zrI cunilAla kezavalAla boTAdanI jaina vidyAthIbhavana saMsthAnA adhiSThAtA ane bIjI ghaNI saMsthAonA preraNAdAtA banIne jemaNe kuTuMmbane dhanya banAvyuM che. mAtA pitAnA puNyazALI nAme ghaNI moTI rakama deNagI karI che. zrI cunilAlabhAI jaina samAjamAM Agavu vyakitatva dharAve che. jaina samAjanA bALakane zaikSaNika vikAsa thAya ane jIvana ghaDataranI pUratI taka maLI rahe te mATe teo sata jAgRta rahyAM che. dhaMdhArthe muMbaImAM vasavATa karavA chatAM vatana taraphanI mamatA kayAreya bhUlyA nathI. ghaNuja udAra ane paragaju hRdayanA vyakti che. beTAdanI cunilAla kezavalAla jaina vidyArthI bhavana saMsthAne samRddha pAyA upara mUkavA mATe pitAnAthI banatuM karavA uparAMta anyanI pAsethI paNa nANAkIya sagavaDatAo UbhI karavAmAM temane bhAre moTo puruSArtha prazaMsAne pAtra che. zrI chabIlabhAI amRtalAla zAha - sAhasika mAnava ratno saurASTra ja ApyA che. saurASTranI bhUminuM taLa ene mATe ghaNuM ja rasALa che. beTAdanI rasALa bhUminuM eka mAnava ratna ane tenI paricaya gAthA sAhasikatAnI pratIti karAve che. ghaNAja namra ane prasidhdhithI dUra bhAganArA zrI chabIla bhAI zAha beTAdanA vatanI che. muMbainI lekhaMDa bajAramAM eka AgevAna udyogapati tarIke temanuM AgavuM sthAna che. samayanI kiMmata ane parizramanuM mulya AMkI AjanI ugatI peDhI mATe preraNAtmaka ane mArgadarzaka banI rahe tevA pratibhAzALI vyaktitva sAthe dhaMdhAdArI kSetre bhAre moTI saraLatA meLavavI che AthI teo khuba ja dauryatAthI A nIcenI vyApArI peDhIonuM saphaLa saMcAlana karI rahyAM che. zAha TreDarsa-harakayulasa relIMga zaTarsa zAha ejIyarIMga varkasa azoka ejI. InDasTrIjha sTAnDarDa kemIkala saplAyarsa-jayendrakumAra zAha enDa ku. espIjaya ejI, kerporezana sTAnDarDa sTIla saplAyarsa-rA enDa ku. vagere temanA purUSArthanI A parama siddhio che. pitAnI kAryakuzaLatAthI sArA pramANamAM vyApArane khIlavyo. dhaMdhAmAM gaLADuba racyA pacyA hovA chatAM jJAti sevA samAjasevA, ane vatananA koIpaNa kAmane mATe jyAre jyAre jarUrata ubhI thaI che tyAre tyAre temanuM nAma mokhare hoya ja. sahakArI pravRtti sAthe saMkaLAelI saMsthA carotara grAmoddhAra sahakArI maMDaLI li. nA maMtrI tarIke teo sahakArI pravRtti aMge vakhato vakhata pitAnA maMtavyo sacoTa rIte judA judA mAsika, sAmayikamAM raju kare che. niSThAvAna kAryakaro ane pramANikapaNe sahakArItAnA Adarza vaDe ja AvI pravRttinAM mULa UMDA jaze tema teo mAnatA hovAthI vyaktigata lAbhAlAbhanI sAme samuhanuM hita ane sAmuhika pragati tathA utkarSa sAdhavA janamata keLavavA teo sadA pitAnA lakhANamAM AgrahI rahe che. sattAkAMkSAne badale karmaprApta dharma bajAvavAnI preraNAnA baLe melI mAthAvaTInA rAjakAraNudhI teo alipta rahyA che. vallabha vidyAnagaranA kAryakSetre ane bIjI anya saMsthAomAM pitAnI sevAo ApatA rahIne zrI cImanabhAI gujarAtanA jAhera jIvananA kAryakaronI zRMkhalAmAM eka AgavuM sthAna dharAve che. a vI ujajavaLa kArakIdi dharAvatA madhurabhASA ane dRDha manobaLa vALA zrI chabIlabhAI pite kaI sArA kAmamAM madadarUpa banI zake te pitAne saMtoSa ane AnaMda thAya Jain Education Interational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha nAnA meTA phaMDa phALAomAM ane prasaMgopAta ubhI thatI sArvajanika jarUrIyAtane madadarUpa banatA rahyAM che. phaLathI ladAyelA vRkSanI DALIo jema namIne namratAnI sAbItI Ape che. tema saMskArI mAtApitAnAM saMtAna saMsAra mAM dharma saMsAranI suvAsa prasarAve che. komarsa kolejanA vidyArthI tarIke paNa teo aneka pravRttiomAM AgevAna hatAM. ane mATuMgAnI keleja hosTelanA perTasa ane lAyabrerInA maMtrI tarIke uttama kAmagIrI bajAvI hatI. 1954mAM zrI jazavaMtabhAI mahetA TIMbara vyavasAyamAM joDAyA. A kSetramAM paNa emanI jAhera sevAnI dhagaza tarata ja jaNAI AvI. bombe TIMbara mAkeTa TenanTasa eziezananA teo phAuDara membara thayA ane 1959 thI 1964 tathA 1966-67mAM te esoziezananu mAnada maMtrIpada dIpAvyuM. zrI jazavaMtabhAIe bombe porTa TrasTanA sattAvALAo sAme cheka hAIkorTa sudhI laDIne bombe TIMbara mAkeTane lIjhane adhikAra cAlu rakhAvI vyApArI AlamanI anupama sevA bajAvI che. teo chelA savA varSathI hAlamAM pramukha tarIke sevAo bajAvI rahyA che. popakArI ane vinamra svabhAvanA zrI chabIlabhAInI vyApArI buddhi pratibhA ane vyavahAra kuzaLatAne ahobhAve vaMdana karyA vagara rahI zakAtu nathI. zrI choTAlAla raNachoDabhAI paTela khaMbhAtanA sArvajanika jIvanamAM zrI raNachoDabhAInuM nAma che. khaMbhAtamAM chellA trIza varSa uparAMtathI kAma kare che. khaMbhAta rAjyanA prajAmaMDaLanA maMtrIrUpe tArApuranA mukhI rUpe ema vividharUpe aneka prajA upayogI kAryo karyA che. veTha tathA maphata kAma levAnA aneka kurIvAjo nAbuda karavAnuM bahumAna temanA phALe jAya che. sarakArI tathA bInasarakArI saMsthAo dvArA temanI sevA badala aneka pramANapatro maLyAM che. zikSaNakSetre bAlamaMdira, prAthamika zALA tathA mAdhyamika zALAnI sthApanA karI prajAnA vikAsamAM noMdhapAtra phALo Apyo che. sahakArI kSetre paNa tArApura sahakArI maMDaLInI sthApanA karI chellA aDhAra varSathI pramukha rahyA che. prajAnA Arogya mATe paNa kamara kasI davAkhAnu tathA prasUtigRha ubhA karavAmAM mahatvano hise rahele che. zrI. jazavaMtabhAI lokapriya samAja sevaka hovA uparAMta bAhoza vyApArI paNa che. emanAM uMDA nANAkIya jJAnane lIdhe teo muMbaInI greTara beo ko-opareTIva beMka li. nA DAyarekaTara cUMTAyA che. beMkanI zeranI mUDImAM kaI paNa phALo ApyA vagara teo pitAnA guNane lIdhe sauthI nAnI umaranA DAyarekaTara thayA. A beMkanI muMbaImAM pAMca zAkhAo che. zrI jazavaMtabhAInA joDAyA pachI beMke anekavidha pragati sAdhI che. hAlamAM teo lena eDavAIjharI kamITInA ceramena sarakAre paNa teonI kadara karI temane mAnaH nyAyadhIzane khItAba enAyata karyo che. zikSaNakSetre zrI jazavaMtabhAI UMDo rasa dharAve che. kapoLa zreyasa maMDaLanA mAnadamaMtrI tarIke teo tejasvI vidyArthIone AgaLa vadhAravA khUba ja jahemata uThAvatA hatA. gayA varSe zeTha vI. ema. kapaLa beDIMganA amRta mahotsava prasaMge maMtrI tarIke mubaImAM kolejamAM bhaNatI vidyArthInIo mATe chAtrAlaya sthApavA mATe athAga parizrama karI bIjA kAryakaro sAthe maLIne rUA. aDhI lAkhanuM phaMDa ekaThuM karela che. je svapna AvatA varSamAM sAkAra thavAnI pUratI zakayatA che. amulakha amIcaMda vividhalakSI vidyAlayanI menejIMga kAusIlanA teo sabhya che ane gujarAtI keLavaNI maMDaLa dvArA jAtI vyAkhyAna mALAnA eka sakriya kAryakara tarIke muMbaI ane gujarAtanA sArA vakatAonA vyAkhyAne dara varSe yoje che. lAyanazrI jazavaMta mahetA janatAnuM hita jene haiye che te vyakita kaI paNa kSetre janatAnI sevA karavAnI taka zodhI le che te vAta lAyana jazavaMta mahetAnA jIvanamAM DokIyuM karavAthI samajAI jaze. 194ranA AMdolanamAM jhukAvyuM te samaye zrI jazavaMta mahetAnI uMmara mAtra 14 varSanI hatI. ane eTalI nAnI uMmare temaNe "ulAsa" nAmanA mAsIka mATe bhaMDoLa ekaThuM karyuM hatuM ane tenuM mahuvA jevA nAnA zaheramAM taMtrI tarIke saMcAlana karyuM hatuM. te vakhatanA mahuvA yuvaka maMDaLanA te 1944mAM sahamaMtrI banyA hatA ane yuvaka pravRttio ane harijana zikSaNanuM saMcAlana karyuM hatuM. samaya jatAM A yuvaka maMDaLa, maDyA keLavaNI sahAyaka samAjanA nAme vistRta thaI Aje mahuvA zaheranI keLavaNI viSayaka AvazyakatA samI vividhalakSI hAIskUla kanyAzALA ane kolejanI sthA, panAmAM pAyArUpa banI rahela che. zrI jazavaMtabhAI makvA yuvaka samAjanA sakriya sabhya che. A yuvaka samAje muMbaIthI narsarI skUla vividhalakSI vidyAlaya tathA ArTasa ane sAyansa koleja mATenuM nANAbhaMDoLa ekaThuM karela che. hAlamAM mahuvA yuvaka samAjamAM paNa mahuvAnA muMbaI vasatA bhAIo mATe navI kAmagIrI ane projekaTanuM AyeAjana karavA mATe temanI AgevAnI nIce eka samiti racavAmAM AvI che. Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 zrI jazavaMtabhAI khaMta adamya utsAha, sAdAI ane namratAnA guNone lIdhe emanA mitro oLakhItAo tathA sahakAryakaromAM khUba ja kapriya thayA che. cIna tathA pAkistAnanA Akramaka vakhate temane saraMkSaNa bhaMDoLa mATe phALe ekaTho karavA khUba ja jahemata uThAvelI. bIjA kSetromAM 1969 mAM teo vaDAlA lAyansanA pramukha thayA bIje varSe teo traNa kalabanA jhona ceramena thayA. trIje varSe lAyansanA megejhInanA eDITerIyala barDa para hatA ane A varSe lAyansanI DIsTrIkaTanI 305 Wi ekaTIvITIjhanA teo sekreTarI che. A ekabaranA pahelA aThavADIyAmAM lAyansanI badhI kalabanA maLI 100 jeTalA projekaTa muMbaI zaheramAM thavAnAM che. tenuM lAnIMga karavAnI kamITInA teo sekreTarI che ane temAMnA DAka kAryakrame TI vI. para raju karavAnA teo prayatna karI rahyA che. uparAMta mAla mATe sTImara savIsa zarU karI. hatI emanA sAta jahAjoe AphrikA, IrAna vagere deza sAthenA AyAta nikAzanAM vyApAra vikAsamAM paNa sAro evo phALe neMdhA karAMcI khAte teozrI bama zela ejanTa tathA jApAna keTana TreDIMganA geraMTeDa brokara hatA. karAMcIvAsIomAM teozrIe karelI tana-mana ane dhananI sevAe temane apUrva lekapriyatA bakSI hatI. aMgrejonI gulAmInA kALamAM I. sa. 1930 mAM karAMcI khAte bharAyela koMgresa adhivezana prasaMge maMDapanI tamAma vyavasthA zrI jamanAdAsabhAIe saMbhALI hatI ane tyAre teo jANItA netAonA ghaniSTa saMparkamAM AvyA hatA. teo sakriya kArya kara hatA ane pU. gAMdhIjInA paricayamAM paNa AvyA hatA. jyAre enI bIjI bAjue bhAratanA pazcima kinArA paranI jahAjI pravRttio para niyaMtraNa rAkhavA mATe sarakAra taraphathI rUTa ejanTa tarIke teozrInI nimaNuMka karavAmAM AvI hatI. ApaNA svAtaMtryanA rajata jayaMti prasaMge mahArASTra sarakAre temanI anekavidhi sevAo joI temane je. pI. tarIke niyukata karI temanuM bahumAna karela che. zrI jamanAdAsa mAdhavajI vizrAma tannA vyApAra udyoga ane sAhasanA vividha saMgamarUpa zrI jamanAdAsabhAIne janma 1899nA ogaSTanI 9mI tArIkhe jAmakhaMbhALa AmAM thayo hato. sAhasa ane parizrama te A parivAranI paraMparAgata praNAlikA che. zrI jamanAdAsabhAInA pitAmaha zrI vizrAma khImajI bharUca sudhI ja relave hovAnAM kAraNe salAyAthI bharUca sudhI pagapALA pravAsa karatA. e jamanAmAM temanA jahAje AphrikA ane madhyapUrvanA dezo sAthe vepAra kheDatA. AvA parivAranA zrI jamanAdAsabhAinA pitAzrI mAdha. vajI vizrAma tannA jAmasalAyA khAte vyApAra vyavasAya calAvatA.mAtuzrI gaMgAbahena dhArmika vRttivALAM hatAM. Ama sevAbhAvI ane dhArmika vRttinAM mAtApitAnA saMskAra, sahavAsamAM khapa je abhyAsa karI mAtra tera varSanI vaye vahANumAM besI karAMcI tarapha temaNe prayANa karyuM. paraMtu bIjA vizvayuddha daramiyAna emanA jahAjanuM rekavIjhIzana karavAmAM AvyuM ane pariNAme nirUpAye temane sTImara kaMpanI baMdha karavI paDI ane tyArabAda zrI jamanAdAsabhAI e vyApAra udyoganI pravRttio vikasAvavA mATe muMbaInI pasaMdagI karI. Aje saMgIna pragati sAdhatAM teo zrInI peDhI telIbIyAM ane baLarUpe vArSika Azare pAMca thI cha karoDa rUpiyAnA mAlanI nikAsa karI, bahumUlya videzI hUMDiyAmaNa meLavI Ape che. A uparAMta teo solavanTa lATe, saurASTramAM seTa varkasa ane muMbaImAM keTala kIDajha, nIlagIrI khAte cAnA bagIcAo paNa dharAve che. sAhitya pratye vizeSa abhirUcI dharAvatA zrI jamanAdAsabhAInI sAhasika vRttino paricaya te jyAre prathama vizvayuddha pachI ApaNA dezamAM havAI saphara cAlu thaI na hatI tyAre teozrI karAMcInI era kalabanA membara hatA eTaluM ja nahiM paraMtu mAtra be sITavALA ughADA eroplenano anubhava teozrIe ekalA ja karAMcIthI jAmanagara sudhInI havAI saphara kheDI hatI tyAre thaye. ApaNI jJAtinA A prathama vepArI Aje 74 varSanI vaye saMpUrNa svAthya sAthe nivRttamaya jIvana gALatA zrI jamanAdAsabhAI janakalyANanI vividha pravRttiomAM tana, mana ane dhanano sadupayoga karI rahyA che. zrI jamanAdAsabhAIe; "zeTha jamanAdAsa mAdhavajI cerITebala TrasTa" nI sthApanA karI che. A TrasTamAMthI jarUrIAtavALAone vividha prakAre sahAya karavAmAM Ave che. karAMcI khAte teozrIe temanA kAkAnI chatrachAyA heThaLa kamIzananAM dhaMdhAnI ane vahANavaTA vyApAranI tAlIma lIdhI ane e zikSaNane teozrIe pitAnI tejasvI buddhi prati bhAthI dIpAvyuM. karAMcInI pacIsa varSanI kArakIrdi daramiyAna teozrIe kamIzana ejanTa tarIke sArI evI nAmanA meLavI. nikAsa vyApAra kSetre prathama haroLamAM sthAna prApta karyuM ane siMdha sTIma nevIgezana nAmanI kaMpanI sthApI. karAMcI ane mAMDavI uparAMta anya baMdaro mATe pravAsIo teozrI govardhana vidyAvihAra TrasTa (khaDagadA rAjasthAna) sAbarakAMThA ejyukezana sesAyaTI (muMbaI) zrI lahANuM vidyArthI bhavana, (jAmakhaMbhALIyA) tathA zrI lehANA vidyAthI Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 917 bhavana (salAyA) TrasTanA ceramena che. uparAMta keTalAMka anya ane purUSArthanI parama sidhirUpe temanI vhApArI peDhIo me. TrasTanA TrasTI che. teozrInI udAra sakhAvatanA pariNAme dhanavaMtarAya bhavAnabhAI Thakkara me sudhIrakumAra enDa kAM tathA khaDagadA-rAjasthAnamAM zeTha jamanAdAsa mAdhavajI vizrAma hAI- ejansI hAusa tarIke nAmanA meLavelI peDhI . Ara skUla, raMbhAbAI Ayurvedika hospiTala ane mAdhavajI vizrAma AsuteSa enDa ku. nuM kuzaLatA pUrvaka saphaLa saMcAlana karI chAtrAlaya cAlI rahyAM che. bhileDAmAM zeTha jamanAdAsa mAdhavajI rahyAM che. A vyApAranI pragati ane vikAsamAM temanA nAnA vizrAma lAyabrerInI paNa sthApanA karI che. e sivAya bAma bhAI zrI dhanavaMtarAyabhAI tathA suputra zrI sudhIrakumArabhAIne NAmAM voTara varkasa ane lAyabrerI mATe udAra sahAya ApI mahatvane phALe che. che. uparAMta bAlamaMdira, sabhAgRha, mahilA udyogagRho, bAlAzrama, chAtrAlaya, bhejanAlaye, duSkALa rAhata phaMDa ane vepAra vANijya uparAMta jJAti hitanI anekavidha pravRtti madhyamavarga sahAya phaMDamAM teozrIe udAra sakhAvate ApI che. emAM hamezA mokhare rahyAM che. lehANA samAjanA utkarSa vinamra, milanasAra ane nikhAlasa svabhAvanA zrI jamanAdAsa ane AbAdImAM uMDo rasa dharAve che. bhAIe emanA saujanya saMskAra ane sahakAra vaDe lehANA jJAtinuM gaurava ane raghuvaMzI kSatriyavadane dIpAvyA che. lehANA borDiMga, lahANu mahAjana, mahAjana gauzALA. meMghIbAI maNIlAla dhanajI udyogazALA, TImbara maracanTa temanuM aMgata jIvana sAda, niyamita che. svabhAve spaSTa esosIezana, vageremAM menejIMga kamiTinA sabhya tarIke vakatA, nikhAlasa ane sahadayI che. 74 varSanI prauDha vaye paNa sevA ApI rahyAM che. temanI kAryazilatA keIpaNa yuvAnane zaramAve tevI che. sAdhu- lehANA boDiMganA suvarNa mahotsava prasaMge sArI evI saMto ane munivaryo pratyenI temanI ananya bhakitanI pratIti rakamanuM dAna ane mahotsavane saphaLatApUrvaka ujavavAmAM temane thayA vinA rahetI nathI. mahatvano phALo ullekhanIya che. lehANu samAja uparAMta sArvajanika kSetre samAjakalyANa zikSita ane saMskArI emanA cAra suputroe bhAre kuza saMsthAomAM paNa dAnagaMgA vahAvI che. pitAzrI bhagavAnabhAI LatAthI teozrInI javAbadArI saMbhALI lIdhI che. nikAsa bhIkhAbhAInA nAmanuM sArvajanika davAkhAnuM tathA mAtuzrI vibhAga saMbhALatA zrI jagubhAI laMDana khAtenI ophisa premakuMvarabenanA nAmanuM oparezana thIyeTara karavA mATe AnaMda saMbhALI rahyA che. teo oIla enDa eIla sIDajha - vATikA bhagInI maMDaLane mAtabara rakamanuM dAna kareluM che. marcanTasa eso. nA ceramena hatA. zrI tulasIdAsabhAI muMbaI khAtenI ophisa saMbhALI rahyA che. uparAMta selavanTa plAnTa, ( zaikSaNika kSetre paNa eTaluM ja mahatva batAvyuM che. bejhavADA ane sekaTa varkasa saMbhALe che. ane ola InDIA bhAvanagara keLavaNI maMDaLa, anaMta dolata vaLIyA hAIskUla solTa menyuphekacara esa. nA ceramena che, zrI kAkubhAI uTI tathA amarelInI kAmANI pheravarDa kanyA zALAmAM tathA mAnava (nilagiri) khAtenA cAnA bagIcA saMbhALe che ane plAnTarsa rAhatanI aneka vidha pravRttiomAM dAnanA jharaNuM vahAvyA che. esa. epha tAmIlanADunA ceramena che. zrI lakSmIkAntabhAI samAjasevAnA A badhA kAryomAM temanA dharmapatnI zrI muMbaI khAtenI lakSmI keTala phIDa enDa pAuTI phIDajhanI pheka matI caMdrabhAgAbahene dhArmika sahiSagutA preraNA ane pretsAhaka TarI saMbhALe che ane kampAunDa lava-sToka phIDa menyuphekacarsa lAgaNI batAvyA karI che. esa. opha InDIyAnA ceramena che. teozrIe amerikA jaI bijhanesa eDaminIsTrezananI mAsTaranI padavI meLavI che. atyaMta nirmaLa, nikhAlasa, niyamIta sAdu ane saraLa jIvana jIvatAM zrI jayaMtibhAI ApaNuM gaurava samA che. zrI yaMtilAla bhavAnabhAI Thakakara premakuvaranA nAmanuM sapaDAvI che. pitA sevAjIvananI pagadaMDI upara bAlya kALathIja zraddhApUrvaka nI dharma ArAdhanAmAM vyavahAra ane vyApArane samanvaya sAdhI jeo Adarza jIvana jIvI rahyAM che te saujanyamUrti jayaMti lAlabhAI zrI bAbubhAInA hulAmaNA nAmathI jANItA che. meTrIka sudhIne abhyAsa karI nAnI vayathI ja pitAzrInA ImAratI lAkaDAnA vepAramAM jhaMpalAvyuM. kAryadakSatAne kAraNe vepArI AlamamAM agraNya sthAna prApta karyuM. temanA parizrama Jain Education Intemational

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918 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 jayaMtabhAI mAvajIbhAI zAha parizrama ane puruSArthane baLe niraMtara AgaLa dhapanAra keTalAMka viralAonI samAjane je bheTa maLI che temAM zrI jayaMtabhAI ne gaNI zakAya. sAdhAraNa parivAramAM janma laI zrI jayaMtabhAi ApabaLe pitAne maLelA TAMcA sAdhanane saMpUrNapaNe sadupayoga karI zikSaNane kSetre AgaLa vadhyA. divasanA vIsa vIsa kalAka jeTale parizrama karI zreSTha guNe sAthe 15ramAM bI. koma. nI padavI prApta karI. jIvanamAM kAMIka karI chUTavAnI tamannAvALA zrI jayaMtibhAI 1955mAM sI. e. thayA ane muMbaImAM kAlabAdevI reDa upara jayaMta ema. zAha nAmanI kAM. zarU karI. bAlyakALathI ja dharma parAyaNa kuTuMbanA ucca saMskAro temane vArasAmAM maLelA eTala keLavaNI ane dhArmika pravRtti o tarapha cheka bacapaNa thI kheMcAyA. eka sajajana purUSamAM hovA joItA sadguNone teozrImAM saMpUrNa paNe samanvaya thayela che. mAtA pitAnA uccattama saMskAranI prApti tathA pitAnI sahadayatA dvArA samAja kalyANa arthe teozrI haMmezA dAnane pravAha satatapaNe vahevaDAvatA ja rahyA che. temanA netRtva heThaLa keLavaNInA aneka kendro vikasatA rahyA che. emanA mArgadarzana ane rAhabarI heThaLa ghaNI saMsthAo, sAmAjika ane dhArmika TrasTo pragatine paMthe prayANa karI rahyA che. eDITara tarIkenuM temanuM saphaLa saMcAlana kharekhara temanA nAmane yazanAmI kare che. jaina samAjamAM tathA vyApArI jagatamAM teozrI eka jANItI vyakti che. sva. pitAzrInI puNyasmRtimAM rUA. 25000/- jeTalI vipula dhanarAzi zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlayane Arthika saMkaDAmaNa anubhavatA vidyArthIo mATe arpaNa karI. uparAMta bAbu pannAlAla jaina hAIskUla temaja anya keLavaNInI saMsthAomAM paNa dAnathI jJAna paraba khelI. temanI anekavidha sevAone dhyAnamAM laI 1969 mAM ogasTanI paMdaramI tArIkhe temane mahArASTra sarakAre jasTIsa opha dhI pIsa .J. P) ne mAnavaMte khitAba enAyata ApIne ghaNuM dhArmika drasTanuM saphaLa saMcalAna karIne tathA anya sAmAjika pravRttio karIne samAjanA vikAsakSetre paNa temaNe suMdara phALo noMdhAvyo che. Ama vikAsakSetre paNa temaNe suMdara phALo noMdhAvyo che. Ama umadA prakRttinA zikSaNa premI bAhoza cArTarDa ekAunTanTa ane AjIvana sevAparAyaNa ane udAra dilanA mahAnubhAvI zrI jayaMtabhAI zAha khare ja gujarAtanuM gaurava che. zeTha zrI khuzAladAsa je. mahetA amaragaDha hospITala, amaragaDha saurASTramAM teozrIe temanA mAtA pitAzrInI smRtimAM zrI mAvajI dAmajI zAha tathA zrImatI amRtabena mAvajI dAmajI zAhanA nAme rUA. 20,000/- nuM dAna ApI eka phrI pathArI jaina samAjanA sAdhu sAdhvIjInA vaiyAvacce mATe agara te mAnavamAtranI sevA mATe arpaNa karela che. - teozrI atyAre zrI ola InDIyA jaina vetAmbara konpharansanA mukhya mAnad sekreTarI tarIke pitAnI sevA aparNa karI rahyA che. zrI jayaMtilAla bhUvA, aMgrejInA adhyApaka zrI bhUvA pitAnA viSayanuM UMDANa pUrvaka jJAna dharAve che. sAhitya uparAMta citrakalAnA zokhIna zrI bhUvA emanA kAryathI eka gupta mUlyavAna abhyAsu che. porabaMdara gurUkuLa mahilA kolejanA adhyayanazIla adhyApaka che. zrI jagadIza sI. jezI ema. e. 1961 mAM saradAra paTela yuni. mAMthI bI.e. ane 1963 mAM ema.e. nI parIkSA saMskRta mukhya ane gujarAtI gauNa viSaya sAthe bIjA vargamA pAsa karI. saMskRta bhASAnA prAdhyApaka tarIke kolejamAM anubhava meLavyuM che. saMskRta, gujarAtI ane aMgrejI bhASAo uparAMta jarmana bhASAne paNa abhyAsa karela che. saMskRta, gujarAtI ke hindImAMthI aMgrejImAM bhASAntara karavAne asAdhAraNa zokha hoi pazcima jarmanImAM kelana yuni. mAM De. pro. ke. ela. janArdana upara khaMbhAtanA zAMtinAtha jaina bhaMDAranuM eka bhASaNanuM aMgrejImAM bhASAntara karI mekaleluM. A uparAMta muMbaInI jI.TI. saMskRta kolejanA bhUtapUrva prAdhyApaka "paDita mArtaDa" "zuddhAdvata bhUSaNa zrI lakSmIrAma bhaTTa zAstrIjInA pustaka "zrI bhAratIya-saMskRti digdarzana" nuM hamaNuja aMgrejImAM samagra graMthanuM bhASAntara karyuM che. ane te thoDA vakhatamAM prasiddha thanAra che. saMzodhana kSetramAM rasa hoI saMskRtanA prAdhyApakano anubhava laI hAla dvArakAnI rIsarca insTITyuTa opha InDolejImAM saMzedhana kArya uparAMta padmagupta uphe parimala nAmanA 10 mI sadInA saMskRta kavinA aitihAsika mahAkAvya "nava zAha sAMka caritama" upara mahAnibaMdha lakhI rahyA che. A uparAMta - savaMta 2026 mAM goDIjI jaina upAzraya muMbaimAM teozrIe tenA pitAzrInI smRtimAM zrI mAvajI dAmajI zAha svAdhyAya khaMDa ane mAtuzrInA nAme zrI amRtabena mAvajI dAmajI zAha sAdhanA khaMDa nAme be khaMDane nAmakaraNa vidhithI yukta karI geDIjI jaina TrasTane samarpaNa karela che. temaja zatruMjaya Dema upara pitAzrInI yAdagIrImAM jaina upAzraya baMdhAvI pitAnA dhArmika vArasAne suMdara paricaya Ape. keTalIe saMsthAomAM mAnaniya oDITaranI sevAo Jain Education Intenational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha A saMsthAmAM prAcIna paddhattithI cAlatA saMskRtanA vargomAM adhyApananuM kAma kare che. dharma, tatvajJAna ane sAhitya prati rasa hoI saMzodhana lekha lakhavAnuM kAma paNa kare che. zrI jayavaMtasiMha DI. jADejA dhIragaMbhIra ane spaSTa vakatA zrI jADejA mULa rAjakoTa pAsenA rAjaparAnA vatanI che. sukhI ane gIrAsadAra kuTuMbanA nabIrA hovA chatAM nAnapaNathI ja temanuM jIvana ghaDatara anokhI rIte thayuM. bhAvanagara lahANu vidyArthI bhavananA survaNu mahotsava prasaMge baMne bhAIo taraphathI temanA pitA zrIgekuladAsa nottamadAsa cAMdArANu . smaraNArthe saMsthAmAM nAma joDavAnI zarate rUA. 25000 Apela che. A uparAMta anya jJAti saMsthAo-DresavALA chAtrAlaya-dhArI, lehANe vidyArthI bhavana, dholerAne temanA pitAzrInuM nAma joDavAnI zarate sArI evI rakama Apela che. jyAre muMbaInI mAtuzrI kAnabAI lehANA kanyAzALA ane bAlikAgrahamAM paNa noMdhanIya phALo Apyo che. zrI jayaMtIlAlabhAI 1962 mAM bhAvanagara lahANuM beDiMganA suvarNa mahotsava prasaMge svAgata pramukha hatA ane hAlamAM meMglera gujarAtI mahAjana esozIezananA salAhakAra che. zrI jayaMtilAla bhImajIbhAI viThalANI sva. pujya nAnAbhAI ane zrI manubhAI paMcoLInI pAyAnI keLavaNIe temane rASTrIya vicAra dhArAno raMga Ape. chellA ghaNA varSothI taLAjA tAlukAmAM ane bhAvanagara jillAnA sakriya rAjakAraNamAM, sahakArI ane racanAtmaka pravRttimAM doDheka dAyakAthI tAlukA ane jillAnI jUdI jUdI kamiTiomAM rahIne kAma ApyuM che. saghanakSetra yojanA samiti maNuranA upapramukha tarIke bhAvanagara jillA saha. benkanA upapramukha tarIke, trApaja vibhAga goLa khAMDasarI sahakArI maMDaLI maNAranA menejIMga DIrekaTara tarIke jillAnI ane tAlukAnI khAdI grAmodyoga ane buniyAdI zikSaNanI yojanAmAM hAthaba baMgalA lekazALAnA saphaLa saMcAlanamAM, jillA ane tAlukAnI kAMgresa vakIga kamiTimAM temaja nAnI moTI aneka sAmAjika pravRttiomAM kAma karatA rahyA che. grAma pradezamAM leka jAgRti ane pragatizIla khetInA navA akhatarAo mATe temanuM Ayojana ane vyavasthAzakita jANItA che. zrI jayaMtilAla gokuladAsa caMdArANu ! "saMpatti vahetI sArI" nA sUtramAM mAnanArA, meMglaranA zrI jayaMtibhAIne janma varatejamAM I.sa. 190pa nA jAnyuArImAM thaye hato. prAthamika keLavaNI lIdhA pachI zrI jayaMtilAlabhAI mAtra tera varSanI vaye temanA kAkA zrI gIradharalAla. nattamadAsa sAthe meMglera gayA ane temanI sAthe kApaDanA vyApAramAM joDAyA I.sa 1938 mAM teozrIe temanA bhAI sva. zrI vanamALIdAsabhAI sAthe "jayaMtilAla bradharsa' nA nAmathI svataMtra dhaMdhAnI zarUAta karI ane sArI evI pragati sAdhI. muMbaI khAte paNa eja nAmathI ophIsa karI che. saurASTramAM calAlA, lAThI, dhArI, rAjakoTa ane amarelImAM jemanI pAMca vyApArI peDhIo cAlI rahI che. te zrI jayaMtilAlabhAIe meTrIka sudhIne abhyAsa karI nAnI vayamAMja vyApAramAM jhaMpalAvyuM. vidyAbhyAsa daramyAna sAMskRtika pravRttio ane pustakAlaya pravRttino bhAre zokha hatuM je Aja sudhI jALavI zakayA che. mahenata ane pramANikatAthI dhaMdhAmAM jIvananI zarUAta karI. A sAhasikavIra nAnI uMmarathIja tela, telIbIyA, anAja tathA kamIzana ejanTanA dhaMdhAne anubhava meLavavAne sadbhAgI banyA, barmAsela muDIza cA, khAtara vagere anya ejansIomAM mana parovyuM. pitAne Aje eka paTela paMpa che. dhaMdhAne kame krame gaNanA pAtra pragatimAM mUkatA gayAM ane be paisA kamAyA. amarelInI lahANu benkiMgamAM sArI evI rakamanuM dAna karI tenI sAthe pitAzrInuM nAma joyuM. pitAnA sva. putra zrI dinakararAyanI smRtirUpe lehANa beDiMgamAM "dinakararAya yaMtilAla viThalANI pustakAlaya" mAM sArI evI rakama ApI, sArvajanika pustakAlayanI zreSTha pravRttimAM AkhuM kuTuMba lAIpha membara tarIke rahyuM che. rAjulAnI lahANu mahAjana vADImAM pitAzrIne nAme rakama ApI che. amarelInI lahANuM mahAjanavADImAM senTrala holamAM paNa mAtuzrInA svargavAsa vakhate rakama ApI che. bAlamahilA ane sArvajanika pustakAlayanA prakhara himAyatI che. ratanabAI sevaka maMDaLanA davAkhAnAmAM upapramukha tarIke sevA ApI rahyA che. gauzALAnI kArobArImAM rasa levA uparAMta prasaMgopAta egya rakamanuM dAna karatA rahyAM che. hospITalamAM paNa temanuM dAna hoya ja. amarelI nAgarika benkamAM DAyarekaTara tarIke paNa cheka zarUthI Aja sudhI sevA ApI rahyAM che. cembarsa opha komarsanI kArabArInA sabhya tarIke sAruM evuM mAna-pAna pAmyA che. dhArmika vRttivALA baMne bhAIoe varatejamAM zrI catra. bhUja bhagavAnanuM navuM zikharabaMdha maMdira AgevAnIbharyo bhAga laI, caMdArANA kuTuMba taraphathI rUA. 25000/- nA kharce baMdhAvI Apela che. jyAre meMglaranA zraddhAnaMda sevAzramane rU. 25000, nI mAtabara rakama ApavA uparAMta sakriya sevA Ape che. Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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20 amarelInI kAmANI phoravarDa skUlamAM tathA kolejamAM pitAzrI bhImajI kurajInA nAme sArI evI rakama ApI che. bhAvanagara, rAjakoTa, dhArI vagerenI lAhANA eDiMgamAM peAtAne tyAMnA lagna prasaMge cegya rakama ApyA karI che. vIrapura jalAbApAnI jagyAemAM kAmanAtha mahAdevanA maMdiramAM ane anya dhArmika jagyAemAM temanuM dAna jhaLakI uDayuM che. amarelImAM ekapaNa sarathA evI nahI hoya ke jemAM temanu dAna ane hisso na hAya. zrI jagameAhanadAsa mAdhavajIbhAi saMghavI. kaccha kAThiyAvADanI dhanya bhUmie je keTalAka dharma zraddhALu mahAnubhavo ane dAnavIra navaratnAnI samAjane suMdara bheTa dharI che evA nAmAMkita kuTu emAM jagamohanadAsa saMghavInA kuTuMbe audyogika ane zaikSaNika kSetre eka anAkhI bhAta pADI saurASTranA bhAtIgaLa dhRtihAsamAM navuM teja puryuM che. sAvarakuMDalA pAsenuM vAMzIyALI gAma temanuM mULa vatana jIvanamAM kAMika karI chUTavAnI khvAyeza dharAvatA A kuTuMbane vizALa kSetre joItu hatu. eTale 1941 thI bhAvanagaramAM AvI vasavATa karyAM. jo ke Ama te chellA pacAsa varSathI A kuTuba raMga rasAyaNane kSetra mubaImAM jANItA banyA hatA. bhAvanagaramAM dhaMdhAnI keTalIka zakayatAe tapAsI tyAM paNa rIMga udyoganI zarUAta karI ane temanA kAryAMdakSa putrAe bhAvanagaranA vahIvaTa sabhAkhyuM. zarUAtathIja sArI evI pragati hAMsala thatI rahI tethI prerAine te vakhate zrI. manubhAi zAhe A kArakhAnAnI mulAkAta laI saMcAlakonI dIrgha dRSTinI mukta kaMThe praza'sA karI hatI. samaya jatA A kArakhAnAnuM vistaraNa karI navIna InDasTrIjha 1961mAM bhAvanagaramAM koMgresa adhivezana vakhate sthApI ane navIna inDasTrIjhanuM kAma vizALa pAyA upara regyulara rIte cAlavA mADayuM. 1965 sudhImAM raMganI ghaNIkharI AITame AvarI lIdhI. bhaviSyamAM vadhu rIsarca ane mazanarI saMbadhe praya nA zarU thayA che. dhArmika ane paramArthika saMskAra vArasA paNa A kuTumbane maLelA che. kelejanu ucca zikSaNa nahi lIdhA chatA khUbaja jJAnI ane anubhavI che. dhaMdhAnA saMcAlanamAM zrI navalabhAI, navInabhAI vagere sAthe rahIne ujajavaLa pagadaMDI pADI rahyA che. AvuM belavu chatAM amRtabharI vANI; thoDA zabdomAM ghaNuM kahevu' e emanA guNu che. koipaNa samAjanI AbAdI pUrI keLavaNI vagara zakaya nathI tema teo mAne che. moTI aneka saMsthAone Arthika huMpha ApatA rahyA che. sAhityaka pravRttione paNa meLe mane madada karI che. temanu Akhu e kuTuMba khUbaja saskArI ane keLavAyelu che. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 sAvarakuMDalAmAM mAdhavajI ravajI saMghavI kAmakoleja ekalAkha ane pacIkSa hajAranuM Donezana ApI zarU karAvI. De. jayarAmabhAi ema. paTela. jUnA khareDA sTeiTanA dAmanagara tAlukAnA sAkhapura gAmamAM tA. 24-10-17 nA roja temanA janma thaye. prAthamika zikSaNa sAkhapuramAM lIdhu ane tyArabAda bhAvanagara sanAtana dharma hAiskUlamAM 1937 mAM meTrIka pAsa karI inTara sAyansa sudhInuM zikSaNa bhAvanagara zAmaLadAsa kolejamAM laI 1939 mAM amadAvAda bI. je. meDIkala skUlamAM ela.sI.pI. esa. nA abhyAsamAM joDAyA, 1943 mAM enI parIkSA pahelA nabare pAsa karI. tyArabAda nAdurasta tabIyatane kAraNe ekAda varSa sIraja sAravAra laI 1947 mAM gArIyAdhAramAM prAiveTa prekaTIsa zarU karI. peAtAnA vyavasAyanI sAthe jAhera pravRttimAM paNa sakriyapaNe rasa lai rahyAM che. bhAvanagara jillA paMcAyatanA sabhya paNa che. nAnI meATI aneka pravRttie sAthe sakaLAyelA che. ku. ceAtibena thAnakI. azAstranA adhyApaka paNa saMskRta laineya M, A. thayelAM ku. yAtibahena dharmatatvanA ItihAsa ane saMskRta sAhityanA paNa UMDA abhyAsu che. zrI araviMda Azrama poMDicerInA sAdhikAbahena jyeAtibahena daravarSe pAMDicerI paheAMcI tyAMnA zrI araviMda zikSAkendramAM mAnada sevA pradAna kare che. sarala svabhAvanA mAyALu yAtibahena zrI mAtAjInI bhaktithI rAma rAma ra'gAyelA sAdhikA paNa che. pArakha dara gurUkula mahilA kolejanA adhyayanazIla adhyApaka che. zrI jApharaalI phAjalaalI manTa saurASTranA kAzmIra gaNAtA mahuvAmAM temano janma thaye jarUrIyAta pUratI keLavaNI meLavI nAnI uMmaramAMthI ja dhaMdhAkIya kSetre jhaMpalAvyuM. eila mIlanA dhAMdhAmAM ghaNA varSothI potAnI ApasujhathI AgaLa AvI dhaMdhAne sthira karyAM che. 26-6-62 nArAja temanA svargavAsa thayA paNa temanA jIvanakALa daramyAna sAmAjika sevA paNa bhulyA nathI. mahuvAnI nAnI meATI sAmAjika saMsthAone ane jJAtinAM bALakonI keLavaNImAM prasaMgApAta Arthika sahAya ApIne eka suMdara yAda mUkatA gayA che. temanA putro paNa ghaNA ja premI mAnavatAvAdI che ane mahuvAnA sArvajanika kAmeAmAM yatkiMcita phALo ApatA rahyAM che. ***

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 921 zrI. jIvatalAla paratApazIbhAI rAdhanapura zaheramAM temano janma thayo. prAthamika abhyAsa rAdhanapuramAM ja puro karI mAtra soLa varSanI nAnI vayamAM ja kuTuMbanI Arthika javAbadArI upADavA muMbaI zaheramAM AvI nekarIthI jIvananI zarUAta karI. tyArabAda senA cAMdI bajAramAM svataMtra dalAlIne dhaMdho zarU karI uttarottara bhAgyadevInI kRpAthI muMbaInA AgevAna vAyadA bajAre temAM zerabajAra, rU bajAra, eraMDAbajAra tathA sonA cAMdI bajAranA mAnya dalAla banyA. muMbaI zaheramAM senA cAMdIne vAyadAno bajAra vyavasthita karI sthApavAmAM Avela dhI beo bulIyana ekSaceMja lI. nA phAunDara DAyarekaTara tarIke bulIyana ekSaceMja vIkasAvavAmAM ghaNuM ja mahatvano bhAga bhajavyo hato. te jamAnAmAM thatAM aneka belAkabADAmAM potAnI AgavI buddhi pratibhA ane vyApArI kunehathI ubhI thatI AMTIghuTIo ane guMca ukelI bajArane saphaLa mArgadarzana ApavAmAM AgaLa paDato bhAga lIdhe hate. zera bajAranI gavarnaga borDanA DAyarekTara tarIke lAgalagATa 27 varSa sudhI sevA bajAvela hatI. AyaMbIla saMsthA zeTha ANaMdajI kalyANajInI peDhInI kamiTi mAM hAla paNa sakriya bhAga laI rahyA che. zrI sidhdhakSetra zrAvikAzrama saMsthA je I. sa. 1950mAM lagabhaga mRta prAyaH banI gaI hatI ane baMdha thavAnI taiyArImAM hatI te saMsthAnuM sukAna sthAnika kAryakartA zrI manasukhalAla jIvAbhAInA sahakArathI hAthamAM laI te saMsthAne samRddha banAvI che. rAdhanapura mAM gujarAtI skUlanuM makAna, hAIskUla, AyaMbIlabhuvana vageremAM moTI rakamanuM dAna karyuM che. rAdhanapuranA marDama navAba sAheba sAthe paNa temane ghaNo ja nIkaTano saMbaMdha hatA temanA kuTuMbamAM temanA sva. laghubaMdhu kAntibhAinA yuvAna putra tathA putrIe saMsAra tyAga karI jaina dIkSA aMgIkAra karI eka ujajavaLa draSTAMta pUrU pADayuM che. hAla teo pUcaMdrazekhara vijayajI tathA pU. mahAnaMdAzrIjIne nAmathI munipalAmAM vicare che.) hAla vayanA kAraNe zeTha zrI nivRtta jIvana gALe che. hindustAna bahAra lIvarapula koTana ekSacenja ane nyuke keTana ekSaceMjanA paNa membara banela. vAyadA bajAra uparAMta aneka inDasTrIjhamAM DAyarekaTara tarIke sevA bajAvela ane eka samaye lagabhaga 36 37 kaMpanIonA DAyarekaTara hatA. pitAnA dhaMdhAkIya vyavasAyamAM temanA laghubaMdhu sva. bhAIzrI kAntilAlabhAIne joDela hatA. A sIvAya aneka udyoge jevAke raMgarasAyaNa, beTarIjha, senAcAMdI, kApaDa. sAIkala ejInIyarIga, poTarIjha, syugara ane peInTa InDasTrIjhamAM paNa teoe rasa laI udyogo sthApela, umaranA kAraNe teo sakriya dhaMdhAmAMthI nIvRta thayAM che eTale phakata saurASTra piITa prA. lI. nA ceramena tarIke rahyA che. peInTa kaMpanInuM kAma temanA bIjA naMbaranA putra caMdrakAntabhAI tathA muMbaI khAtenI peInTanI ophIsa tathA vecANa vagerenuM kAma temanA bhatrIjA praphulabhAI saMbhALe che. zerabajAranuM kAmakAja jeSTa putra vasaMtalAla saMbhALI rahyA che. tathA sauthI nAnA putra nalina bhAI jeo amerikA khAte abhyAsa karI ejInIyara thayAM che. teo hAla bIralA grupanI kaMpanInuM muMbaI khAte kAma saMbhALI rahyAM che. jIvatalAlabhAIe jIvanamAM aneka lIlIsukI joI ane Aje eka AgevAna tarIke pratiSThA prApta karI che. zrI jugaladAsa dAmodara modI. budhelanA A udAra carita zeTha zrI jugaladAsabhAI medIne bhAvanagara jille sArI rIte pIchAne che. pitAnA purUSArthabaLe vagara muDIe dhaMdhAmAM jhaMpalAvyuM, prArabdha yArI ApI ane Aje teo muMbaImAM sArI sthitie pahoMcyA pachI paNa sAmAjika ane zaikSaNika pravRtittaomAM tana mana dhanathI vatanamAM ane muMbaImAM sevA ApI rahyAM che. pramANIktA ane succAIne umadA Adarzone najara samakSa rAkhI nAnI vayamAM paradezanI musApharIoe temanA jIvanamAM anubhavanuM je bhAthu prApta thayuM tene laIne ja Aje teo nAnImeTI ghaNI sAmAjika saMsthAone preraNAdAtA banyA che. vepAra sAthe sAmAjIka tathA dhArmika kAryomAM paNa khuba rasa letA hoI aneka saMsthAnA TrasTI tarIke sevA ApI ane kAma karela ane Aje paNa karI rahyA che. muMbaI zaheranA AgevAna jaina maMdira TrasTanA TrasTI tarIke varSo sudhI sevA ApyA bAda have nIvRta thayA che. chatAM zrI sidhdhakSetra zrAvikA zrama mahesANA, jaina saMskRta pAThazALA muMbaI, vardhamAna tapa muMbaImAM dazA zrImALI vaNIka velaphaeNra sAyaTInA pramukha tarIke, hindI vidyA pracAra samiti dvArA saMcAlIta rAmanArAyaNa khUna khUna vAlA ArTasa enDa sAyansa koleja tathA hindI hAIskUlanAM upapramukha ane TrasTI, nyu sarva Jain Education Intemational

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922 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 janika ejyukezana sesAyaTI muMbaInAM gavarnaMga kAunsIlanAM membara ane A saMsAyaTI saMcAlita ghATakopara ke. vI. kesaravAlA hAIskUlanAM ceramena, ghATakopara hindusabhAnAM TrasTI ane muluMDa navabhArata ejyukezana sosAyaTInA TrasTI temaja bhAvanagara rAjya kheDUta saMkaTa nivAraNa phaMDanA sabhya ane zrI jagadIza maMdIra bhAvanagaranA TrasTI e rIte aneka saMsthAomAM temanI sevAoe suMdara suvAsa ubhI karI che. Aja temanI 80 varSanI uMmara sudhI eka sarakhuM jIvana vItAvyuM che. e emanI vizeSatA che. bALakane keLavAyelA ane saMskArI vAtAvaraNamAM uchera thayo che temanuM bahoLu kuTumba AnaMda kilelathI rahe che. AkhuM kuTumba rASTrIya bhAvanAthI raMgAyeluM che. zrI jeThAlAla chaganalAla vaLIyA. bhAvanagara ane lAThInI anekavidha sAmAjika, Arthika rAjakIya ane sAMskRtika pravRttiomAM vaLIyA kuTuMbanuM ghaNuM moTuM yazanI pradAna rahyuM che. je kuTuMbanA agraNI zrI kALubhAIne bhAvanagaranA sAmAjika kAmamAM TI.bI. hospITalanA saphaLa saMcAlanamAM mahatvano phALo Ape che. te ja kuTuMbanA eka pratibhA saMpanna purUSa zrI jeThAlAla chaganalAla vaLIyA inTara kemarsa sudhIno abhyAsa karI ghaNA varSothI muMbaIne vatana banAvyuM che. jIvananI zarUAtamAM zera bajAramAM nokarI ane te pachI 1947 mAM svataMtra dhaMdhAmAM praveza karyo. AjanA yugamAM e badhA saguNenI kiMmata bhale ochI AMkavAmAM Ave paNa mANasanI sadbhAvanAo tenuM phaLa ApyA vagara rahetI nathI tenI pratItirUpa zrI jeThAbhAInuM jIvana che. jeThAbhAI zAmaLadAsa paTela sAbarakAMThA jillAmAM ghaNA varSothI paMcAyata ane sahakArI kSetre kAma karI rahyAM che. soLa varSanI umarathI vyavasAyamAM khetI ane vyApAra saMbhALe ane sAthe jAhera kAma paNa svIkAryuM. satata kAryazIlatA ane ciMtanane kAraNe Aje teo ghaNI sAmAjika saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. himatanagaranI mArkeTa kamiTinA ceramena tarIke sAbarakAMThA jillA saha. saMdhamAM, jillAnI spInIMga mIsamAM jillA saha. ba. va. saMghamAM gujarAta rAjya mAkeTIMga saMghamAM ane pachAtavarga keLavaNI maMDaLa vagere saMsthAomAM temanI sakriya kAmagIrI che ane A rIte lokopayogI kAma cAlu rAkhavA bhaviSyamAM paNa nema rAkhe che. zrI TapubhAI ela somapurA. haLavadanA vatanI paNa chellA ghaNA varSothI muMbaImAM rahI patrakAritva kSetre kAma karI rahyA che. tejasvI vidyArthI tarIke nAnapaNathI ja temanI pratibhAnA darzana thatAM hatA. 1947mAM meTrIka pAsa karI rAmajI Asara vidyAlayamAM vyAyAma zikSaka tarIke be varSa nokarI karI te pachI muMbaInI eka kolejamAM nokarI cAlu che. ghaNI saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. haLa vada yuvaka maMDaLa jhAlAvADa sozyala grupanA sthApaka sabhya, dhrAMgadhrA jilalA sezyalapanA maMtrI, semapurA vidyArthI sahA yaka maMDaLa chAtrAlayanA sthApaka sabhya tarIke temanI sevAo noMdha pAtra che. bAravarSa sudhI vepAra kalAdarzananuM nAnA udyoga ne lagatuM mAsika calAvyuM. atyAre dhrAMgadhrA jillA patrikAnuM saMcAlana kare che. bhaviSyamAM kemIkala udyoganA dhaMdhAmAM paDavA IcchA sevI rahyA che. zrI ThAkarazIbhAI tannA ekasaparTa imporTanuM kAma karyuM te pachI hinda sAya. kalanI ejansI lIdhI ane dIrdhadaSTithI dhaMdhAne vikasAvyo bhAvanagara vele inDasTrIjhanA pArTanara che. dhaMdhArthe yurepa, amerikA ane jApAna vagere dezonI saphara karI che. vizeSa rasa dhaMdhAmAM dAkhavI rahyAM che. sairASTranI dharatI para janmelA mAnavIonI haiyA dharatI te dayA, karuNA, AkAMkSA ane mahatvAkAMkSAnA guNothI satata lIlIkuMjAra jevI rahI che. zrI jeThAbhAI vaLIyA AvI e saiArASTranI dharatInA ja ratna che. mahatvAkAMkSA te jIvanamAM se kaI seve che. paNa emAM jyAre AtmavizvAsa ane zraddhApUrNa parizrama bhaLe che. tyAre siddhi ane saphaLatA vyakitanA caraNa cUmatI Ave che enA pratIka samu jeThAbhAInuM jIvana che garbhazrImaMta chatAM sAdu nirAmaya ane dharmaparAyaNa jIvana namra ane udAra hovA sAthe ghaNuja saujanyazIla rahyAM che. zrI ThAkarazIbhAI tannA borIvalI-kAMdIvalI-dahIMsara vibhAgamAM chellA traNa dAyakAothI sAmAjika, dhArmika, zaikSaNika ane sAMskRtika kSetronI sevA pravRttiomAM agragaNya sthAne rahyAM che. "kAMdIvalI ejyukezana sAyaTI" nI menejIMga kamiTinA teo sabhya hatA ane doDha dAyakA jeTalA lAMbA samaya sudhI teoe tenA vAIsa presIDenTa rahIne pitAnI sevAo ApI che. A uparAMta vidyottejaka laMDaLa sthApIne teoe jarUriyAtavALA vidyArthIone vinAmUlya pustaka maLI zake tevo prabaMdha karyo che. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha kAMdivalInA lakSmInArAyaNa maMdira'nA temaja gItAbhavana'nA teo menejIMga TrasTI che. ane geArakSA samiti mAM pazu teo sakriya rIte kAma karI rahyAM che. kudastI dAna rata ke Aphata jevI kaTokaTInA samaye Aphatagrasta mAnavatAnA sAda sAMbhaLIne temane rAhata pahocADavA arthe phALo ugharAva thAmAM temaja temane mATe anivArya thIjavastuo ekaThI karavAnA kAryamAM tee 'mezA agresara rahyAM che. saurASTramAMnA duSkALa prasa`ge, bajAranA dharatIka'pa yo pAndhata DaeNmanA bhagA vakhate, bharUcanA rAsakaTa ane kAcanAnA dharatIkaMpamAM temaja amadAvAda ane bhIvaDInA DAyanA prasaMgoe khAtamone sahAya pahoMcADavAnA kAmAM zrI ThAkarazIbhAI tannAe agaNya bhAga banyA hatA. sAmAjika ane mAnavatAnA kSetre pravRtta rahevA chatAM zrI DAkaNIbhAI rAjkIya kSetramAM paNa e rsa dharAve che. ane temAM sakriya bhAga laI rahyAM che. bhAratIya janasaMdhapazcima upanagara vibhAganA teo pramukha che. dudha-bhAva vadhArA vidhI AMdolanamAM paNa temaNe sAro bhAga bhajavyeA hatA. temaja gupaDapaTTIomAM vasanArAone mULabhUta jarUriyAtanI rAhata pahoMcADavA mATenA temaja bekArI nivAraNa vagere mATenA AMdolanomAM nI kriya bhAga lIdhA hatA. zrI DuMgI sudarajI pArakarIA zikSaNa ane saMskAra sAthe vepAra ane sevA kAryanu saphaLa ekaddha sAdhI janAra svabhArthe nikhAlasa ane mIlana sArAvA uparAMta khaMta ane draDha maneAbaLa dharAvatA zrI DuMgarazIbhAino janma tA. 8--12-1914nA rAja thayo hatA. 1932 mAM paTanA yunivarsiTInI parIkSAmAM uttila thai nAe muMbaInI sIDanAma kolejamAM abhyAsa karI. 1936 mAM bI. koma. nI padavI meLavI hatI. tyArabAda prathamatA kauTu mbika vyavasAya kSetre joDAyA hatA. parantu 1939thI potAno svataMtra vyavasAya zarU karyAM ane satata parizrama ane dhagazanA piraNAma rUpe hAlamAM tecchAthI DI. pArakarIyA enDa kAM nAme kolasAno vyavasAya calAvavA uparAMta hArDavera tathA lokhaMDanA sAmAnanI peDhI dharAve che temaja peTrola paMpa sasa sTezana moTaronA spera pArTasanI dukAna tathA kAlaTekasa InDIyA thrI. nI ejansInA paNa dharAve che. zikSaNa ane sa MskAre Ara bhakALathI ja sevAvRttinA bIja pyA hatA ane khAja te phIkuvIne vRkSa samAna banI sevA kAryanI zItaLa chAMyaDI phelAvI rahyAM che. teozrI jJAti uparAMta rAjakIya, dhArmika ane kozika pravRttiomAM AgaLa 923 paDatA rasa lai rahyAM che. mAtra gujarAtI ja nahI paNa anya sAmAjika saMsthAomAM mAnabharyA hodo dharAvI rahyAM che. zrI lohANA mahAjananI ane jJAtinI pravRttiomAM teethI huMmezA meAkhareja rahyAM che tana-mana sAthe dhananI paNa udA rastA karI che. kharIyAnI gujarAtI zALA ane satyanArAyaNu maMdirane anukrame daravara ane paMdara hajAra ApyA che. vArANasInA svAminArAyaNu maMdiramAM rUpIA paMdara hajAranI udAra sakhAvata ApI che. A uparAMta muMbai--vaDAdarA rAja koTa amadAvAda karIcA dhanabAda ka--muja, aMjAra vana sthaLInI saMsthAomAM yathAzakita nAnI meATI udAra sakhAvatA ApI che. zrI tulasIdAsa harajIvanadAsa nA bhAvanagara jillAnA mahuvAnA tee vatanI che. ghaNA varSothI muMbaimAM thayA? karyo ke prArabdha ADa mAM che, ema kahevAya che e jeTalu sAcu che eTaluM ja mANusa dhAre te karI zake je pazu eTala ja sAcu che. A satyanI pratinI zrI tulasIdAsabhAinuM purUSArtha jIvana karAvI jAya che. ucca manobaLa ane vyApArI kuneMtu dharAvatA zrI tulasI dAsabhAInA keTalAMka rANA ane devo prazaMzA mAgI che tevA che. vahelA uMDavuM satata soLa kalAkanI kAmagIrI keIpaNa zvasana nahI, lAyansa kalabanI samAja sevAnI pravRtti sivAya anya koI kALamAM javAnA rasa DI. bahAranuM kazuM paNa khAvA pIvAnI zuddha manAI- pacaraMgI muMbaImAM thatA dAvA chatAM garALa ane baoNDIyA sAthe paN emanI beTI ghRNA A badhA saMskAro pAchaLanuM baLa ekatA mAtA pitAnA sarakAra vArasA ane bIjI bALa zarUAtanA divaso kALI garIbImAM vitAvyA. dukhanA dahADAnA e prasaMgomAMthI ta mahenata ane niSThA pramANikatAnA pATho maLyAM... mAphImAM bhagelA eTale jIvananA badhAja pAsAonu prekaTIkala jJAna maLyuM. ane preraNAeja vAyika jIvanamAM keTalAMka siddhAMto nakkI karyuM jenA parama satoSa sAthe amala karI rahyAM che. mahuvAnI ema. ena. DAIskulamAM vadhu gejI sudhIne ja abhyAsa paNa vakIlAtane kSetre Aje sArA prekaTIzanara che. grAhakone paNa eTaleAja saMtoSa ApavA satata prayatnazIla rahyAM che. eTalu ja nahI anya kSetramAM kAma karAne bALA anuSa meLa yA che. bhAratano prayAsa karyo che. jevI garIbI joi evuM ja sukha paNa joyuM che. e paisA kamAcA chatAM A kuTukha dhananA unmAda karyAM nathI. harajIvana dAsa prAgajIne nAme peAtAnA putra parivAra taraphathI zALA mATe

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924 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 mAtabara rakamanuM dAna apAyuM che. dhArmika prasaMgoe tIrthonI yAtrA bhAgavata saptAha, viSNu prayAga vagere dvArA kuTuMbane dhanya banAvyuM che. zrInAthajImAM eka vizALa dharmazALA baMdhAvavAnI IrachA che. nAnAbhAI caMpakabhAI ane dareka bhAIonA saMpa sahakArathI sAthe besI zubha nirNaya levAmAM haMmezA ekamata hoya che. jene AjanA yugamAM sadbhAgye ja samajavuM joIe. AkhuM e bhUtA kuTuMba dhArmika saMskArothI raMgAyeluM che. zrI dayAzaMkara vizvanAtha trivedI mULa vatana hamaNAM ja teo svargavAsI banyA. pite gaIkAlanI peDhInA hatA chatAM AjanI yuvAna peDhIne anukuLa thayAM ane banne peDhIne samanvaya sAdhI prema ane karuNAnA darzana karAvyA che. zrI dAdubhAIe jIvananI zarUAta zikSaka vyavasAyamAM paDavAnA uddezyathI TreInIMga kolejamAM abhyAsa karyo. zikSaka jIvananI zarUAta karI e arasAmAM 1928 nI leka krAMtie temanA mAnasa paTa upara gAMdhI vicAra dhArAnI jabarI asara thaI. 1934 thI harijana sevAnuM racanAtmaka kAma umaMga sAthe upaDyuM phejapura koMgresa adhivezanamAM sArU evuM kAma karyuM. haripurA adhivezana vakhate kAma karyuM. saurASTra sevAdaLanA senApati tarIke apritama sevA bajAvI. 1934 thI 44 sudhI rAjakoTanA jAhera jIvanamAM sakriyatA batAvI e arasAmAM pitAzrInuM avasAna thatA badhu choDIne vatana rAjaparAmAM vasavATa karI potAnA khetInA vyavasAya sAthe grAma vikAsanI pravRttio tarapha dhyAna ApyuM. bhADavA darabAra sAhebanA aMgata sekreTarI tarIke paNa keTalAka varSa kAma karyuM. 1942 thI 1948 sudhI mahesANA tAlukA prajAmaMDaLanA maMtrI tarIke ghaNuM kAma karyuM. mahesANA tAlukA koMgresanA maMtrI tarIke cha varSa pa2 thI 57 sudhI jillA koMgresanA maMtrI tarIke pa7 thI 66 sudhI jillA vikAsa maMDaLanA mAnada maMtrI tarIke ane keTaleka samaya jillA koMgresanA upapramukha tarIke noMdhapAtra sevA ApI che, 1963 thI paMcAyatanI rAjayanI zubha zarUAta thatAM mahesANA tAlukA paMcA yatanA pramukha tarIke bIna harIpha cUMTAyA A jillAmAM sahakArI kSetre paNa temano eTaleja hisso rahyo che. zahera ane jillAnI kudaratI Aphata vakhate emaNe je sevAo ApI tenAthI teo saunA pritipAtra banyA. | sAmAjika rUDhIo sAme zAMta pratikAra karelA tenA anubhavathI mAMDIne rAjakIya cUMTaNIomAM temanuM netRtva vagere tathA amaladAro sAme sAmAjika praznonI rajUAtemAM ane vividha kSetre karelI kAmagIrInA sukhada ane duHkhada anubhavethI bhareluM temanuM jIvana che. temanA anubhavone lAbha bIjA aneka kAryakarone paNa maLe che. mahesANA jillA saha. pra. le. saMgha dUdha sAgara DerInA vAIsa ceramena tarIke cAlu, vIsanagara skrInIMga mIsa vagere saha pravRttimAM cAlu che. tAlukA saMghamAM zaMkara kapAsa utpAdana saha. maMDaLa mAM dhArAsabhya tarIke kAma karyuM che. mahesANA ji9lA hAIbrIDa bI utpAdaka saha. maMDaLInA sakriya mArgadarzaka rahyAM che. rAjaparA paMcAyatanA sarapaMca ane satata varSo sudhI saha. maMDaLInA pramukha tarIke paNa kAma karyuM. Atithya satkA rathI bhAvanAvALA mIlanasAra svabhAvanA zrI dAdubhAI tAlukA paMcAyatanI judI judI kamiTiemAM paNa agrasthAna dharAvatA hatA. chellA zvAsa sudhI niSThAthI kAma karyuM hatuM. zrI dIpacaMdabhAI esa. gADI bhavya kalAtmaka maMdire ke parvata para Avela giri zikhare dIpakanA prakAzathI jhaLAMhaLAM thaI jAya che. aMdhakAra uDI jAya che ane hRdaya nAcI uThe che. prakAzanI prasannatA navA navA seNulA jagADe che. paNa jJAnane dIpaka te manavacana-buddhi ane hadayamAM e te divya prakAza pAtharI jAya che ke jagatamAM tenA jevI siddhi kaI ApI zake nahi. saurASTranA eka nAnakaDA gAma paDadharImAM varSo pahelAM eka sAmAnya kuTuMbamAM zrI dIpacaMdabhAIno janma thayo. nAnI uMmaramAM ja dIpacaMdabhAIe pitAnuM sukha gumAvyuM. dAdAjInI chAyAmAM ucharyA. vAMkAneramAM meTrIka sudhIno abhyAsa karyo. ucca abhyAsa mATe zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlayamAM dAkhala thayA. vidyArthI avasthAmAM vepArI banI beThA chatAM jJAnapipAsA tIvra hovAthI bI. esasI. elaela. bI thaIne iMglenDa jaI berIsTara thayA. vakIlAtanA kSetre saphaLatA maLavA lAgI. paNa vyApArI jIva hovAthI vidha vidha vyApAromAM jhukAvyuM ane lakSmInI varSA varasI rahI paNa hadayanI udAratA evI ke zikSaNa saMsthAo mAnava rAhata-udyoga kendra ane sva. zrI dAdubhAI prabhAtasiMha jADejA - sAMprata samAjamAM suMdara suvAsa ubhI karI janAra sva. zrI dAdubhAInI sevAkAryanI laganI bhAvI peDhIne preraNArUpa banyA che. rAjakoTa jillAmAM jUnA tAlukadArI gAma tarIke oLakhAtA ane 1500 nI vastI dharAvatu rAjaparA gAma temanuM Jain Education Intemational

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha sevAnA vividha kSetramAM jyAM jyAM jarUra paDI tyAM chUTe hAthe dAnanAM jharaNAM vahevaDAvyAM. mAtRbhUmi paDadharImAM pU. pitAjInA smaraNamAM eka kanyAzALA ane bAlamaMdiranI sthApanA karAvI. muMbaI ghATakoparamAM pU. mAtuzrInA maraNamAM zrI dhanajI devajI rASTrIya zALAmAM sabhAgRha Ave. 'DuMgarI vistAramAM 'gADI hAIskUla' sthApIne Aja teo tathA temanA sevAbhAvI dharmapatnI zrImatI vidyAbahena berIsTara zALAnA prANa banI rahyAM. A zALAmAM hajAreka bALako jJAnanAM prakAza ne ucca saMskAra meLavI rahyA che. sAmAjIka kSetre paNa ghaNuM ghaNuM madhyamavarganA kuTuMbone temanI udAratA AzirvAda samAna banI rahI che. zrI dIpacaMdabhAi zikSaNa sAhitya temaja samAja ane hajAre bALakonA udAra carita saujanya mUti gArDa- saMrakSaka che. gAMdhIjInA saMdeza mujaba saMpattinA TrasTI banavA prayatna karatAM karatAM "bahujana sukhAya bahujana hitAya' maLelI lakSmIne sad upaga thAya evI zrI dIpacaMdabhAI esa. gADanI tamannA ApaNane preraNA ApI jAgrata karI jAya che. levAmAM Avyo hato jemAM zrI durlabhajI khetANI mokhare rahyA hatA. leka saMskRtinA kSetre bhagIratha prayAso kare che. keLavaNI tarapha temanuM daSTi bindu ajaba che ane tene sAkAra banAvavA mATe rAta-divasa mathI rahyA che. lAkho rUpiyAnA leka keLavaNInA kAryomAM moTI rakamanAM dAna Apela che ane evA kAryo pAchaLa temano dAna pravAha cAlu ja cheteo janmabhUmi kulachAba patronA TrasTI paNa che tathA ghATake para ane muMbaImAM saMkhyAbaMdha saMsthAonA pramukha temaja kAryakartA che. sadaiva smita veratA zrI dIpacaMdabhAIne zAsanadeva khUba lAMbu AyuSya ane taMdurastI arpe ane teonA zubha haste samAjanA zubhakAryo thAya evI IcchA rAkhIe. pote zakti pUjAmAM mAne che. pApa puNyamAM mAne che. Aja sudhImAM lAkha rUpIAnI sakhAvate karI che. bhaviSyamAM eka moTI AkAMkSA sevI rahyA che. cerITI saMsthA banAvI rojanA eka hajAra rUpiyAnuM dAnadharma thAya tevI temanI manISA che. moTA putra zrI bImikAna, bhagavatparAyaNa bhaktarAja zrI durlabhajI devasIbhAI (zrI dulA bhagata.) pUrvajanmanA puNya saMcaye ane sadbhAgye Apa saddagurU zrI raNachoDadAsajI mahArAjanI preraNAnA amIjalarela bhajane rUpe relAvI rahyAM che. jame luhAra kame bhaktarAja evA teo ATha varSanI apavayathI Izvara bhajana kirtana vageremAM rasa laI jIvanane krama banAvyuM Aje te kamane tame e mAnava kalyANa ane jJAti kalyANa vagerenI pUrNa pravRttinA suprasiddha bhajanI tarIke pravRtti AdarI. teo rAjakIya, dhArmika ane sAmAjIka kalyANa pravRtti emAM rasa laI rAjataMtranI rAjakoTanI laDatamAM prajA pakSe rahI jelanI yAtanAo haste mukhaDe sahana karI, govadha baMdha thAya te mATe teoe gujarAtamAM pracaMDa purUSArtha kare che. bhajana kirtanamAM bhegA thayelA paisA ' temaNe gAye cheDAvavA pAchaLa kharcela che. Aje paNa amadAvAdanI myunIsIpala hadamAM govadha baMdha che. e eka gauravanI vAta che. teo pUrva janmanA saMskAre sAdI ane saraLa bhASAmAM janatAnA haiyAmAM soMsaravI utarI jAya tevI vedhaka bhASAmAM dhArmika bhajana amRtanuM pAna karAvI rahyAM che. teoe varSo thayAM junAgaDhanA garavA gIranAranI taLeTImAM bharAtA bhavanAthanA mahAzivarAtrInA meLAmAM vizALa jagyAmAM taMbu nAkhI prabhunA saMkirtana bhajana dhuna, ItyAdinI sAthe sAthe eka annakSetra khelI savAra sAMja saMkhyAbaMdha sAdhu saMta ane yAtrIone tathA yAtrAe AvanAra jJAti baMdhuone jamADavAno kAryakrama izvaranI kRpAdRSTi upara ja nibhAvI rahyAM che. - teozrI mahArASTra gujarAta ane saurASTranI prajAmAM lokapriya bhajanika che ane mAtra samAja puratA na rahetA jJAtinA kAryomAM tathA samAraMbhamAM paNa hAjarI ApI gaurava vadhAre che te abhinaMdaniya che. meTA putra zrI De. zrI razmikAnta gADI khyAtanAma sarjana che. strI rogonA niSNAta che. iMglAMDamAM prekaTIsa kare che. tyAMnI sAmAjika pravRttio sAthe ghaniSTa rIte saMkaLAyelA che. nAnA putra selIsITara zrI hasamukha dIpacaMda gADI muMbaInI eka jANItI selIsITaranI peDhImAM joDAyelA che. , zrImati vidyAbahena gADI 1972nA ogasTamAM je. pI. thayA che. mAnanIya dIpacaMdabhAI gaye varSe 1973mAM ola inDIyA jaina kenpharansanA pramukha nimAyA ane bahumAna pAmyA. Akhue kuTuMba ucca vicAro dharAve che ane dAnadharmanI pravRttimAM bhAre meTuM pradAna raheluM che. zrI durlabhajIbhAI khetANI. gujarAtanI virala vyakitao paikI vaDIyAnA zrI dulaeNbhajI kezavajI khetANI che. AjhAdI pachI junAgaDhanA navAbazAhI DI nAkhavA e rASTra prajA maMDaLanI racanA thaI te prajA ma DaLanA zrI durlabhajI bhAI khetANI pramukha hatA. temanI rAhabarI nIce junAgaDha rAjyanA amarApura gAmano kajo Jain Education Intemational

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926 temanA uparakata sadguNeAnI saurabha dura dura sudhI paheAMcI che. zAradA pIDa:dhizvara jagadgurU zrI zaMkarAcArya mahArAja taraphathI teozrIne " kina zire maNi " nI padavI enAyata karavAmAM AvI che. amadAvAdanA veda maMdira taraphathI kina kalA nidhi ' nI padavI brahma niSTha zrI vidyAnadajI mahArAjanA zubhahaste gItA madira taraphathI kirtana samrATa tathA vRMdAvananA raghunAthajI AcAryazrI taraphathI mAdhavabAgamAM hajAro bhAvika janAnI hAjarImAM temane ' bhakata bhUSaNa " nI mAnada padavIo ApavAmAM AvI che. teozrI akiMcana vRttithI saMyama sadAcAra ane sevA tathA prabhu bhakitanA pathadvArA samAja sevA karI bhAratIya bhakata praNAlikAnuM anusaraNa karI rahyA che. luhAra jJAtimAM temanA jevA bhakata zrI puruSanA janma ame jJAti baMdhue mATe gaurava samAna che ane tethI ja temane "jJAti bhUSaNa" kahevAmAM ame gaurava anubhavIe chIe. paramakRpALu paramAtmA teezrIne saMpUrNa taMdurasta bharyuM... dirdhAyu Ape ane teo bhajana kirtananA amI vacanA relAvatA rahe evI abhyarthanA che. zrI devacaMda chaganalAla zAha. je. pI. zrI jaina zvetAmbara kendrasanA rakamA amRta mahotsava adhivezanamAM atithi vizeSa tarIke zrI devacaMdabhAi jevA pragatizIla; svapna darzI ane zikSaNa premI mahAnubhAva maLyA che. te ha upajAve evI bInA che. zrI devaca'dabhAino janma karNATaka nA akela ( ji. belagAma) gAmamAM tA 6-5-1912nA roja thayA hatA. temaNe akala ane nipANImAM abhyAsa karyAM hatA. yauvananA taravarATa, akhUTa kArya zita ane game tevI paristhitimAMthI mArga kADhavAnI haiyA ukalatanI bakSIza emane bacapaNathI maLI hatI eTale abhyAsakrama pUro thayeA na thayA ane te tarataja tamAkunA vepAramAM lAgI gayA A dhaMdhAmAM emaNe utpAdana, vepAra, udyoga e traNe rIte uMDo abhyAsa karIne enA jhaDapathI vikAsa karyAM Aje tee ' tamAkunA rAjA ' tarIke dezamAM paMkAya che ane tamAkunA vepAra, udyoga utpAdananI khAmata kendra sarakAranI, prAdezika sarakAranI temaja bIjI saMkhyAbaMdha kamiTiomAM eka zANA ane niSNAta salAhakAra tarIke emanI nimaNuMka thaI che. zrI. devaca'dabhAIe janasevAnI zarUAta potAnA vatana nipANIthI karI. nipANIne eka sukhI ane AbAda nagara banAvavA emaNe khUba jahemata uThAvI ane e rIte peAtAnI eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 sevA bhAvanAne lAbha nipANInI aDhAre Alamane ApyA. ema kahevuM joie ke temanI sevA priyatA amUka koI saMkucita vADAmAM gAMdhAI rahevAne badale mAnavatAnA vizALa kSetramAM vyApIne mAnava sevAne peAtAnA kAryakSetramAM AvarI le che. 25 vaSa~nI uMmarathI ja emaNe nipANI myu. sabhya tarIke janasevA zarU karI hatI. 22 varSa sudhI sevA bajAvI hatI. Aje nipANInA rUpa-raMga bilakula badalAI gayAM che. sAdhana-sagavaDa-vepAra-udyoga tathA zikSaNa saMsthA enA utkarSa dvArA nipANIne sukhAkArI, sapatti, sarasvatI, ane saMskAritAnuM dhAma banAvela che. zrI devacaMdabhAinuM jIvana dharma, zraddhA ane dharma bhakitathI sabhara che. dhapritI hoya teA ja saMpattizALI vyakti nyAya nIti ane pramANikatAne mAge cAlI zake ane pAtAnA jIvanane duCsana ke zrIjI badIo tarapha vaLatuM rokI zake. zrI devacaMdabhAI A vAta barAbara samajayA che. ane tethI dharmane vanamAM vaNI levAnA teo yathAzakti prayatna kare che. A dhA nakatAnA sagapaNe ja dakSiNa mahArASTra jaina zve. prAMtika pariSada sAMgalInA pramukha tarIke temaja kenphara MsanA upa-pramukha tarIke kArya kare che. mahAvIra jaina vidyAlayanA draSTi che. ANaMdajI kalyANajI peDhInA membara che. akhIla bhAratIya gujarAtI samAja nyu dilhInA membara tathA jaina mitra maMDaLa dilhInA membara che. bhArata sarakAre sthApana karelA bhagavAna mahAvIra nirvANa 2500 zatAbdi mahotsava kimiTanA mahArASTra ane karnATaka prAMtanA zvetAmbara jaina pratinidhi che. vyApAra udyogamAM temanI viziSTa samajaNa ane kuzaLatAne kAraNe kendra sarakAre emane A bAbatamAM adhikRta salAhakAra tarIke svIkArela che. madrAsanI senTrala Tobeko kuAM. mAM 195ra thI pa6 sudhI teo sabhya hatA. temaNe muMbainI mahArASTra cembara opha komarsanA upa-pramukha tarIke kA karela. teo maisura rAjyanA kalekaTara epha senTrala ekasAijha -nA sabhya hatA. A uparAMta bIjA saMkhyAbaMdha sthAnAmAM rahIne emaNe DirekaTarapada zAbhALyuM che. temaja te te bAbateAnA salAhakAra tarIke saphaLa kAmagIrI bajAvI che. bhArata sarakAre teozrIne sane 1968mAM padmazrI, sane 1970mAM padma bhUSaNa jevA mAnabharyA khitAba ApI teonI sevAnuM bahumAna karela che. ane mahArASTra gavarnamenTe jasTisa epha pIsa (je.pI.) padavI Apela che. zrI devacaMdabhAinA keLavaNI prema kevaLa zekha puratA niha paNa racanAtmaka che. nipANI ane enI AsapAsa dareka kakSAnI zikSaNa saMsthAonI sthApanA temaja enA vikAsamAM zrI devacaMdabhAie sakriya rasa lIdhA che. teo nipANInA strI keLavaNI ma`DaLanA pramukha che. dakSiNa kAMkaNu ejayukezana

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha sosAyaTInA adhyakSa che. bhImarAva bhAjIrAva pATanakara TrasTanA TrasTI ane pramukha che ane kahApuranI prA. ejayukezana sosAyaTInA pramukha che. ajunagaramAM janatA zikSaNa maMDaLa ane devacaMda koleja cAle che tenA pramukha che. punAnI Dekakana ejayukezana sosAyaTInA teo sabhya che. M. N. dezI hAIskUla A sivAya aneka zikSaNa saMsthAone tenI udAratA. ane sakhAvatane lAbha maLe che. temanA 50 varSa pUrAM thayA pachI nipANI jema Aju bAjunA lokoe temane suvarNa mahotsava karIne 111111-00 rUpiyAnI thelI arpaNa karI hatI. te rakamamAM potAnI rakama umerI zrI devacaMda chaganalAla suvarNa mahotsava TrasTa garIbone zikSaNa, davA tema bIjI madada mATe saMsthAnI sthApanA karelI che. zrI devIdAsa nAraNabhAI paTela amarelI jIllAnA hAthIgaDhanA vatanI che. cAra aMgrejI sudhIno ja abhyAsa paNa pitAnI vicakSaNa buddhi pratibhA, haiyA ukalata ane vArasAgata maLelA khAnadAnInA saMskArone laI vepArI samAjamAM sArUM mAnapAna pAmyA. sIMgatela, sIMgadANAnA jaththAbaMdha vyApAramAM ane pragatizIla khetImAM vizeSa rasa dAkhavI rahyA che-amarelImAM vIrajI zIvadAsa enDa sansanI peDhInA yazasvI saMcAlana sAthe prasaMgopAta sAmAjika, sAMskRtika ane sAhityaka pravRttimAM thaI zake te madada karatA hoya che. devIbhAI ghaNAja udAra dilanA ane gulAbI vyakita che. nAnA moTA phaMDaphALAomAM ane sAmAjIka kAryomAM A peDhIne mahatvano phALe hoya che. ane meTrIka sudhI pahoMcyA. temane abhyAsamAM AgaLa vadhavAnI tIvra tamannA hatI. paNa bhavitavyatA judI ja nirmAyelI hatI. eTale teo abhyAsa choDI vyavasAyamAM paDyA. sane 1943 nI sAlamAM teo muMbaI mahAnagarImAM AvyA ane aneka snehInI lAgavagathI kemIkala lAInamAM nokarI meLavI zakyA. je kAma karavuM te utsAha ane khaMtathI karavuM. e emane siddhAMta hato eTale traNa varSanI A nekarI daramiyAna teo kemIkala-rasAya saMbaMdhI sArUM jJAna meLavI zakayA. tyAra bAda kenavAsara tarIkenuM kAma zarU karyuM temAM temanI oLakhANa vadhI kArya karavAnI vizeSa kuneha sAMpaDI ane teNe svataMtra vyApAra karavAnuM AtmabaLa puruM pADayuM. ane 1948mAM temaNe dhIrajalAla enDa ku. thInarsa menyuphekacarara tarIke kAma zarU karyuM ane temAM uttarottara pragati sAdhI. Aje ghInarsa menyuphekacararamAM temanI peDhI prathama paMktimAM Ave che. ane bhAratanA suprasiddha zaheromAM 16 jeTalA selIMga ejanTo dharAve che. A dhaMdhAmAM vizeSa vikAsa mATe teo aMdherImAM eka moTuM kArakhAnuM ubhuM karI rahyA che. Aje teo mahArASTra esosIeTeDa InDasTrIala esezIezananA pramukha che. ane bIjI ghaNI vyApArI saMsthAo sAthe joDAyelA che. vaLI teo zrI nemInAtha jaina upAzrayanA menejIMga TrasTI che. zrI govAlIyA Teka jaina saMghanA pramukha che. zrI vijayavalabhasuri zatAbI zikSaNa TrasTanA TrasTI che. temaja zrI jaina zvetAmbara konpharansanA mAnad maMtrI che. vizeSamAM teo jhAlAvADa sezyala grupa, dhrAMgadhrA sozyala grupa tathA jaina zvetAMbara ejyukezana borDa vagere saMsthAonA kamITI membara (kAryavAhaka samitinA sabhya) che. tamanI kapriyatAnuM mukhya kAraNa temane vinamra svabhAva, temanI udAratA ane temanI prasanna mukhamudrA che. game tevI kaThina paristhitimAM paNa teo mananI svasthatA gumAvatA nathI. paraMtu zAMta citte tene upAya vicAre che ane te avazya zedhI kADhe che. temanA dharmapa nI zrImatI tArAbahena khUba mAyALu svabhAvanA che ane temanAthI temanuM gRha jIvana sukhI che. teo cAra putrIo ane eka putranA premALa pitA che. tathA temane suzikSita ane saMskArI banAvavAmAM uMDI dilacaspI dAkhave che. temanI moTI putrI caMdrIkA bahene tAjetaramAM bI. e. nI parIkSAmAM saphaLatA meLavI che. zrI dhIrajalAlabhAI taMdurastIbharyuM dIrgha jIvana jIvI jJAna sevAmAM vadhune vadhu kAryo kare eja AMtarika abhilASA. zrI dhIrajalAla mehanalAla zAha jIvanarUpI bagIcAmAM saurabha bharyo sukhane ugADIne tene suramya banAvanAra viziSTa vyakitaomAM zrI dhIrajalAla mehanalAla zAhanuM nAma saheje mUkI zakAya evuM che. saMkalpabaLa, svAzraya ane purUSArthanA baLe AgaLa vadhI teo Aje eka saphaLa vyApArI tathA viziSTha rasAyaNanA utpAdaka banyA che ane saujanyabharyA vyavahArathI hajAro haiyAmAM mAnabharyuM sthAna pAmelA che. jaina vetAmbara mUrtipUjaka saMpradAyane anusaranAra dazAzrImALI jJAtiya zrI mehanalAla nAgaradAsa zAhane tyAM mAtA (samatA) henanI kukSie saM. 1983 kArtika zudi 4 tA. 11-11-17nA roja temane janma thayo. ATha varSanI uMmare mAtAne dehavilaya thayo. paNa pitAe temanA para anerUM vahAla varasAvI temanI khoTa lAgavA na dIdhI. anukrame vizeSa abhyAsa mATe teo surendranagara gayA Jain Education Intemational

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928 zrI naTavaralAla tavajAbhAI paTela vaDodarA jIllAnA iTolA gAme bhAratIya saMskRtinA upAsaka ane A samAjI kuTumbanA eka sAmAnya kheDUta kuTumbamAM janma thayo. mAtAnuM nAma a.sau. jaDAvana talAbhAI paTela. saMskArI kuTumbanA nAte vidyAbhyAsa mATe saMskAra dhAma gurUkuLa vidyA maMdira rUpAmAM 8.uM..! sudhIno abhyAsa karI gurUkuLa vizva vidyAlaya kAMgaDI ( haradvAra ) mAM vedAla kAra samakakSa B.A. abhyAsa patAvI samAja sudhAraNAnA kAryamAM (nihAra temaja anahAra) joDAyA ane aneka prakAranI sAmArjika pravRttibAmAM rasa laI rahyA. keLavaNInA kSetramAM aneka saMsthAonA saMcAlanamAM rasa laI jaLa-prasiddha AryakanyA mahAvidyAlaya yuchedarAnI sasthAmAM nIrIka tarIke temaja maMdanAnI zArIrika nukastI sArI haze to ja bhAvI paitrI sazakata thaze e hiMsAne iTolA gAmamAM hAjara nadInA suramya taTa upara vheno mATenI zArIrika zikSaNa mATenI ( C.P.Ed) AryakanyA vyAyAma mahAvidyAlaya nAmanI vyAyAmanI tAlImAthI sasthAna saMcAlana karI rahyAM che. temaja sahakArI kSetre ghaNI sasthAonA TIkara para temaja pramukha pade rahI sahakAra bhAvanAthI kAma karI rahyA che. rAjakIya kSetre vaDodarA tAlukA koMgresa samiti (saMsthA)nA maMtrI tarIke temaja bIjI rIte sakriya rasa laI rahyA che. AvI badhI aneka pravRttiomAM sakriya rIte bhAga laI rahyA hoI nAmadAra gujarAta sarakAra taraphathI enararI sekanDa kalAsa mejIsTreTa tarIke nimaNUka karI che. zrI nagInadAsa maNIlAla zAha khUba ja bhAvanA ane lAgaNIzIla zrI nagInabhAI zAha bhAvanagaranI aneka vidha nAnI moTI sasthAo sAthe saMkaLA elA che. keTalIka kauTubika ane vyavasAyanI jayAbArI dAvA chatAM jAhera jIvanane mahatvanuM aMga mAnyuM che. bhAvanagara zaheramAM janasaMghanI sthApanA thai tyArathI ja janasa`ghanA kAryakartA tarIke kAma karI rahyAM che. bhAvanagara zahera janasaMghanA 1958 thI maMtrI ane 1969 thI jillA maMtrI tarIke temaja 1972 zrI nA pramukha tarIke temanI sevAo ANItI che. bhAvanagara myuni. nA sabhya, nAgarika benkanA DAyarekaTara, bhAvanagara smAta InDasTrIjha eso. nA mAnadmazrI ema ghaNI jagyAe sevA ApI rahyAM che. mahAlAnI Ayarna enDa brAsa phekaTarInA menejara tarIke cAvI saMcAlana karI rahyAM che. hindu saMskRti paratvenI vizeSa mamatAne kAraNe janasaMghamAM sakriya sevA ApI rahyAM che. hAla atyAre bhASanagara myuni. nA pramukha pade birAje che. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 zrI cheTubhAI ke. paTela surata jIllAmAM maMdira pAse bheMsANanAM vatanI sane 1925 mAM sAmAnya kheDUtane ghare janma vinAno mukhya dho khetI ane khetI majurI zikSaNanI puratI sagavaDa gAmaDAmAM na kAyAthI nAnI uMmare dararoja cArathI pAMca mAila cAdI rAMdera gujarAtI sAta dhArAnA abhyAsa puro karyAM. sane 1940 mAM gujarAtI varnAkayulara phAInala parIkSA pAsa karI te pachI surata Ai. pI. mizana hAIskUlamAM mAdhyamika zikSaNa meLavI 1945 mAM muMbai rAjyanI meTrIkanI parIkSA pAsa karI ucca zikSaNa arthe ema. TI. bI. Dholeja suratamAM dAkhala thayA paraMtu Arthika saMkaDAmaNanA kAraNe bIje varSe kAleja vI paDI. khetIvADImAM rasa hovAthI eka varSanA khetIvADI DIplomAMno abhyAsa karI sane 1947 zrI khetIvADI khAtAmAM nokarImAM dAkhala thayA. nokarI sAthe potAnI gheADI bhInamAM Adhunika DhabanI khetI dvArA jIvana vyavahAra zarU karyA jAhera jIvananI zarUAta sahakArI maMDaLIthI ja karI. zarUAtathI ja maDaLInA vahIvaTamAM uMDo rasa letA kheDutone lAbhadAyI nivaDe tevI yojanAo aMge temanA sUcana upayogI nivastA garIo taraphathI sahAnubhUti, milanasAra svabhAva, nikhAlasa vRtti; jamAnAne anurUpa vyavahuArU banavA hamezA taiyAra rahyAM che. chatAM pramANIka vahIvaTanA pote ApahI che. zrI pAla capa karyA. A. koTana sela sosAyaTI lI. nA carmena pade A sevA ApI rahyAM che. uparAMta dakSiNa gujarAtamAM kapAsa aMgenuM kAma karatI zrI dakSiNa gujarAta sa koTana mArkeTIMga yuniyana lI. suratanA vyavasthApaka samitinA sabhya tarIke ane surata jIllAmAM kapAsanu jInI'ga presIMganuM kAma karatI maMDaLIo paikI dhI puraSottama phAsa ke. e. koTana jInIMga enDa presIMga sA. lI. surata jevuM kA kSetra AlapADa, cAryAzI ane ma reja tAlukAnAM lagabhaga 225 gAmAmAM vistareluM che te maDa nImAM e badhI vya. samitinA sabhya tarIke ane hAla dara maMDaLInAM upapramukha tarIke sevA Ape che. kuztIo ane kurIyAenAM vidhI che. spaSTa vaktA sama kAkara ane buddhizALI AgevAna tarIkenI temanI e vibhAgamAM sudara chApa che.

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha vyApAramAM temane tyAMthI jaththAbaMdha sADIo bhAratanA tamAma khUNAmAM pahoMce che. ane e rIte ghaNI moTI pragati sAdhI che. navInacaMdra jamanAdAsa mahetA mAMgalika dharmanI zAsananI tane jhaLahaLatI rAkhavAmAM pitAnI yathAzakita sevA ApanAra zrI jamanAdAsa vRjalAla mahetAnI bhAvanagaramAM eka nirAbhimAnI ane sAtvika purUSa tarIke gaNanA thatI hatI. ghaNA varSo pahelA temaNe kaMtAna, thelIo vagerenA gRhaudyoga dvArA pramANika dhaMdhAnI temaNe zarUAta karI je dhaMdhAne temanA suputra zrI navInacaMdrabhAIe vyahavAra kuzaLatA thI vyavasthita rIte vikasAvyuM. sAthe dharma saMskArano pitAzrIne e ujajavaLa vAraso paNa zrI navInabhAIe dipAvI jA. aMgrejInuM sAmAnya jJAna paNa dharma, nItinA sadaguNone dhaMdhAmAM barakata maLatI rahI. kAkAzrI bacubhAI vRjalAla mahetAnI preraNA ane protsA haka huMphane kAraNe dhaMdhAne AbAda rIte vikasAvyo. dhaMdhAmAM be paisA kamAyA chatAM tIrthayAtrAonA mahatvane bhUlyA nahI. prasaMgopAta vizALa kuTuMbanA samuhane sAthe rAkhI dharmayAtrA karAvavI pArevAne satata juvAra nAMkhavI garIbene muMgI sahAya, nAnAmoTA phaMDaphALAomAM yathAzakti madada, jaina bhejanazALA, AyaMbilabhuvana vageremAM temanI deNagI hindustAnanA moTAbhAganA sthaLanuM paribhramaNa ane taLa bhAvanagaranA navAparA jaina samAjanA eka agraNI tarIkenuM mAnabharyuM sthAna e emanA gauravazALI pAsAone che. khUbaja nikhAlasa svabhAvanA zrI navInabhAIne dhArmika pravRttiomAM vizeSa rasa che. nAnI moTI sAmAjika pravRttiomAM paNa yathA samaye zakaya phALo Ape che. ane ApatA rahyAM che. chatAM temanI daSTi haMmezA bhaviSya tarapha rahelI che. sADI udyoga lAInamAM navuM AyeAjana navA vicAro ane kAMIka navuM saMzodhana karavAnI jAgRti haMmezA rAkhI rahyAM che. dezanA ghaNA bhAganuM paribhramaNa karyuM che. teozrI dhaMdhAmAM AthIe vadhu yaza kirti prApta karI kuTuMba ane samAjane vadhu upayogI bane tevuM ApaNe IcchIe. (LION) naTavaralAla ThAkaradAsa mahetA je. pI. sana 1920 mAM mahArASTranA dhuLIyA jillAnA navApura mukAme emane janma thayela hato. suratamAM mAdhyamika zALAmAM zikSaNa laI amadAvAdamAM bI. kema sudhI bhaNyA. vidhyAbhyAsa daramyAna zALA tathA kolejanI vividha pravRttiomAM bhAga laI pAritoSika meLavyA ane krikeTa kSetramAM sArI evI 'khyAtI meLavI. bI. kemanA pahelAM satramAja sana 1942nA 'hiMda choDo' nI svataMtryanI caLavaLamAM bhAga laI vidyAbhyAsa adhure choDIne suratamAM dhIre dhIre vaNATa kAmanA vyavasAyamAM paDayA. suratanA lagabhaga 10 varSanA vasavATa daramyAna suratamAM sana 1945mAM tApI nadInI bhayAnaka relamAM zaheranI senTrala rIlIpha kamiTImAM kAma karyuM. hADakAmAM pharI garIba janatAnI jAnanA jokhame sevA karI yuvAna varganA sukAnI banI samAja sevAnI cAre tarapha suvAsa phelAvI ane yuvAnavargamAM prANa pu. zrI naTavaralAla zAmajIbhAI pArekha sana 155-60 nA varSa daramyAna emanA vatana navApuramAM dhaMdhAnI sAthe "kapoLa yuvaka maMDaLa" tathA "mahetA krikeTa TIma"nI sthApanA karI. samAja sevaka tarIke AdivAsI vibhAgamAM tathA navApuranI nAnImoTI saMsamAM sakrIya bhAga laI sAmAjika pravRttiomAM haMmezA kharAMnI haroLamAM rahetA. muMbai rAjyanuM vibhAjana zrI naTavaralAlabhAI pArekha muLa saurASTranA DuMgara gAmanA vatanI che. jarUra pUrato abhyAsa karIne nAnI uMmara mAMja dhaMdhAmAM jhaMpalAvyuM. pitAzrI svadezI mArakeTamAM bhArata vastrAlayanI peDhInA nAme sADIone paracuraNa dhaMdhe karatA hatA. ene laIne dhaMdhAne bahoLo anubhava zrI naTavaralAla bhAIne maLyo. temanI AgavI sUjha ane dIrghadRSTine laIne teo Aje jaththAbaMdha rIte sADI udyoganA kSetre ghaNuM ja AgaLa paDatA vyApArI tarIke nAma kamAyA che. svabhAve saujanyapUrNa ane anyane upayogI thavAnI vRttivALA che temanuM AMtarika jIvana paNa eTaluM ja saraLa saumya ane dharma parAyaNa che. temanI suMdara vyavasthA zakitane kAraNe sana 1960 mAM muMbaI rAjyanuM vibhAja thayuM. gujarAta ane mahArASTra judA paDyA tyAre mahArASTranA pAMca gujarAtI bhASi tAlukAo jevAM ke - navApura, taLadA, sAhavA, akkala kuvA tathA naMdurabAra evA pAMca tAlukAne gujarAtamAM sthAna maLe e rIte emaNe navApura nAgarika samitinA pramukha tarIke caLavaLa upADI nava sabhyanI kegresa samitie Jain Education Intemational

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930 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 ApasamAM karela samajutIne AdhAre muMbaI mahArASTrane ane DAMga gujarAtane ApavuM A AdhAre navApura sahapAMca lAkhanI vastI vALA pAMca tAlukAnA vibhAgane gujarAtamAM sthAna maLavAne saphaLatA maLI. zrI naTubhAI mahetAne saMgIta tathA kalAkSetre mULathI ja ghaNo rasa che. krikeTakSetramAM paNa emaNe eka "mahetA TIma" sthApIne navabhArata zIlDamAM bhAga laIne yazasvI nIvaDyA hatA. zrI narmadabhAI harizaMkara trivedI - ukAI baMdhanI AjubAjumAM traNa mAIlanI gujarAtane mATenI paddhI taiyAra karAvavAmAM zrI naTavaralAla mahetAne agatyane phALe che ke jethI baMdhanA mULa tarapha kaI rAjya nahera khodI zake nahi ane pANI kheMcI zake nahiM. naTavaralA gujarAta sAbarakAMThA jillAnA IDara tAlukAnA rAvala gAmanA vatanI bahuja nAnI umaramAM bI. e. ema. eDa. vigere zaikSaNika padavI prApta karI zikSaNa kSetre chelA cauda varSathI sevA ApI rahyA che. zake nathI baMdha muMbaImAM navApuranA je. pI. tyArabAda zrI naTavaralAla. muMbaI AvI AyAta-nikAsane dhaMdho zarU karI elaIDIyA ekSaparTasa cembaramAMkArobArImAM samitimAM cuMTAyA ela InDIyA IsaparTasa esosIezananI menejIMga kamiTimAM paNa cuMTAyA dhaMdhAkIya pravRttio uparAMta emanI sAmAjika pravRttio paNa vadhatI gaI. sAyansa lAyansa kalabamAM zikSaNa khAtAnA ceramena, sITIjana velaphera lIgamAM samiti sabhya thayA. ane aMte mahArASTra sarakAre je vyakti, mahArASTranI virUddha, vibhAjana veLAe caLavaLa upADatI hatI teja navApura nAgarika samitinA pramukha zrI naTavaralAla mahetAne je. pI ne ilakAba ApIne navAjyA che. emanI dhagaza ane zaktinI kadara karI che. pitAnA AtmazraddhAnA baLe zikSaNa uparAMta bIjI anekavidha pravRttiomAM paNa temanuM pradAna raheluM che. skAuTa gAIDa pravRttio, sahakArI maMDaLIo ane jJAti sevAnA kAmamAM temanuM mArgadarzana uparAMta ji9lA mAdhyamika AcAryasaMdhanA sekreTarI, gulAbapurA keLavaNI maMDaLa trivedI mevADA jati megejhIna. yuniyana cembara moDAsA vagere saMsthAo sAthe dhaniSTa saMkaLAyelA che. pU. araviMda, pU. sAMIbAbA ane pU. vivekAnaMdajInA jIvana-kavanamAMthI preraNA laI zrI narmadabhAIne adhyAtmika raMga paNa eja lAge che, yuvaka pravRtti zramazibira, ArogyasevAo, ane evA sevA vistaraNanA anya racanAtmaka kAryomAM temanuM yogadAna anukaraNIya banI rahyuM che. zikSaNanA viSaya upara prasaMgopAta sArU lakhe che. zikSaNa ane temanI ittara pravRtio badala temanI yogya kadara paNa thaI che. hAla teo zeTha ela. pI. hAIskUla ziNola (tA. moDAsA) mAM AcArya tanIke sevAo ApI rahyA che. - Aje paNa "neTa" nAmanI apaMganI saMsthAmAM zrI vijaya maracaMTanA sukAna pada nIce kArobArInA sabhya tarIke apaMga tathA aMdhajanone sevA ApI rahyA che. zrI naTavaralAla mahetA evIja rIte dhI peseMjarsa drAphIka ane rIlIpha esosIezana tathA ela IMDIyA TelIphena esesI. ezana tathA kausika nivAsa mitra maMDaLanI kamiTimAM sakriya rasa laIne sAmAjika kSetre sakriya sevA ApI rahyA che. zrI mahetA sITIjhansa velaphera kamiTimAM menejIMga kamiTinA sabhya che. sAyana lAyansa kalabamAM keLavaNI vibhAganA ceramena che.. zrI narotama palANa navApura AdivAsI vibhAga hovAthI, zrI caraka bhaMDAra TrasTa phAunDezana taraphathI eka moTo netrayajJa yojavAmAM Avela hatA. zrI mahetAnA mAdare vatanamAM AvA bhavya yajJamAM zrI nabhAIe jAte hAjara rahIne navApuranI prajAnI sevA karavAmAM purate samaya Apyo hate ane yajJanI purNa sAphalyatAmAM prajAnI sAthe sAthe emano paNa eTale ja phaLe hate. eozrI kapALa kemanA hovAthI kALanA yuvakavargane preraNA maLe, saMpa bhAvanA jAgRta thAya eTalA mATe emaNe kapoLa yuvaka maMDaLanI sthApanA karI hatI. eozrI saMsthApaka pramukha hatA gurukula mahilA kolejamAM gujarAtI bhASAmA adhyApaka tarIke sevA ApI rahelA zrI palANa sAhitya uparAMta purAtatva, ItihAsa, paMkhIzAstra, ane pravAsanA zekhIna juvAna che. "kumAra", "UrminavaracanA' jevA sAmayikamAM niyamita pragaTa thatAM temanAM lakhANe temanI svAdhyAya-priyatAnI gavAhI rUpa che. satatalekhana-vAcanamAM rata palANa aneka viSayamAM rasa dharAvanAra jhiMdAdila adhyApaka che. porabaMdara gurUkula mahilA kolejanA adhyayanazIla adhyApaka che. Jain Education Intemational

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931 mRti saMdarbha graMtha sva. zrI. nattamadAsa, viThThaladAsa, - muLa mahuvAnA vatanI nAnI vayamAM kauTuMbika javAbadArIo zIre AvI paDatA dhaMdhArthe valasADa tarapha prayANa karyuM. hanumAna bhAgaDA baMdara mukAma karyo. keLavaNI maMDaLamAM temanuM sAruM evuM dAna hatuM. ane AgavuM sthAna hatuM. paracuraNa cIjavastunI nAnA pAyA upara heraphera zarU karI. AjIvIkA pUraMtu maLavA lAgyuM. daramyAna kuTuMba upara eka moTI moTI Aphata utarI AvI. kuTuMbanA sabhyo sAthe madhadarIe eka vakhata vahANa tUTayuM. ane kudaratI rIte ja bacI gayA temAM paNa kudaratano kAMIka saMketa haze. e ja bIje jabara jasta phaTake 19 nI sAlamAM Aso suda punamane divase varasAdamAM moTuM tophAna thatA mAla sAmAna sAthenuM vahANa Dubsa ane eka lAkha rUpiyAnuM nukazAna thayuM. pAse muDI nhotI chatAM vepAra cAlu rAkhyo ane mAtra be varSamAM pagabhara thayAM nAnA pAyA upara zarU karelA goLanA dhaMdhAmAM pachI te barakata vadhatI gaI. gaLavALA tarIke temanuM nAma khyAtanAma banyuM. valasADa-muMbaI, surata-bIlImerA ane dezAvaramAM paNa dhaMdhAnuM vaTavRkSa phAlyuM phulyuM kuTuMba vadhatuM gayuM. tema tema dhaMdhe vadhAratA gayA. temanI kArya siddhinA svarUpe dALamIla, cekhAmIla, telamIla, sIkamIla vigere mAtabara udyoga yazasvI pragati sAdhavA rahyAM. Aje badhAne pheraphAramAM nAIlenanA saMcA, anAja karIyANune jano dhaMdhe lAsTIkanA pAvaDara tathA kemIkala banAvavAnuM kArakhAnuM ATalI pragati vadhAre karI che. maLelI lakSmIne bahujana samAjanA hita mATe paNa upaga karatA rahyAM. valasADanI kasturabA hospITalamAM opa rezana hola mATe rUA. 51000/- nuM udAra dAna ApI kuTuMbanA nAmane ujajavaLa karyuM che. valasADanI jANItI A narottama viphUladAsanI peDhIe mathurAmAM rUA. eka lAkha dharma zALA ubhI karavAmAM ApyA. je temanI pratyenI zraddhAnI pratIti karAve che. nAnA nAnA phaMDaphaLAono kaI hisAba nathI. narottama viphUladAse valasADa pradezamAM potAnI hayAtI daramyAna bhAre moTI leka cAhanA ubhI karI hatI. temaNe ubhI karelI lekasevAnI pagadaMDI upara temanA putra zrI nAgara dAsabhAIe paNa e saMskAra vArasAne barAbara pacAvI jA. zrI nAgaradArabhAInuM tAjetaramAM ja avasAna thathuM. sva. nAgaradAsabhAI AjanA valasADanA mahAmulA ratana gaNutA zALA kolejomAM temanuM mArgadarzana ane preraNA satata maLatA rahyA hatA. kasturabA hospITalanI kamiTinA presIDenTa tarIkenuM mAnavaMtu sthAna zobhAvatA hatA. maracanTa cembaranA pramukha tarIke, ola inDIyA pheDarezananA membara tarIke, lAyansa ane reTarI pravRttimAM vagere aneka sthaLe temano sAra e hisso rahele che. pUjya DoMgarejI mahArAjanI preraNAthI bhAgavata rahasya nAmanI be lAkha pustakAo chapAvI dharma pracAranuM eka meTuM umadA kArya temanA zubha hAthethI thayuM. dhaMdhAkIya ane sAmAjIka kSetre ghaNA rokAyelA hovA chatAM dhArmika kriyA vigeremAM paNa niyamita rahetA. - dharma ane samAja sevAnA uccattama saMskArone samanvaya temanA AkhAe kuTuMba upara upasI Avele jaNAya che. zrI ThAkorabhAI zAha A kuTuMbamAM bhAIzrI ThAkorabhAI paNa eka zaktizALI ane tejasvI pratibhA dharAvanAra agraNI-vyApArI tarIke ja nahi paNa sevA bhAvanAthI raMgAyelA vyakita tarIke jANItA che. | valasADa myunisipAlITInA vAIsa presIDenTa tarIke paMdara varSa sudhI sevA ApI lAyansa kalabanA presIDenTa tarIke eka varSa ane anya re DIrekaTara tarIke cAlu che. ejyukezana sosAyaTI, kasturabA vaidakiya maMDaLa gItA sadananA TrasTI, relave kanasalaTIMga kamiTinA membara kalAyatananA pramukha saMgIta sabhAnA pramukha temaja bIjA aneka saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. anyabhAIe zrI kAMtibhAI. zrI ramaNabhAI, zrI zAMtibhAI vagere maLIne narottama viTThaladAsanI peDhInA nAme Aja sudhImAM nAnA moTA phaMDaphALAomAM rUpiyA pAMceka lAkhanuM dAna karIne bhAre meTI yazakalagI prApta karI che. zrI ThAkarabhAIe AkhA hiMdane pravAsa karyo che. zrI ThAkorabhAInA be putro moTA zrI taruNabhAI peDhImAM kAma kare che. jyAre bIjA putra yogezabhAIne abhyAsa cAlu che. zrI kAMtibhAI narottamadAsa zAha jemanI uMmara 60 varSanI che. teo paNa dhArmika pravRtti omAM racyA pacyA rahe che. pU. zrI DoMgarejI mahArAjanI sAthe temanA aMgata kAryakartA tarIke bahumUlya sevA ApI rahyAM che. bhAgavata rahasyanuM pustaka chapAvI ane tenA bahoLA pracAra temaNe ghaNo ja rasa lIdhA che. hiMdanA lagabhaga ghaNA dezanuM paribhramaNa karyuM che. zrI ThAkorabhAI ane zrI kAntibhAI uparokata peDhInA sutradhAra tarIke saphaLa saMcAlana karI rahyAM che. zrI nAnubhAI ke. jhaverI 1913mAM bhAvanagaramAM janmI temaNe zikSaNa paNa tyAM ja lIdhuM e pachI mAtra 15 varSanI vaye dhaMdhAthe muMbaI gayA ane tyAM dhaMdhAnI sUjha pitAnI kuzAgra buddhi ane sakhata Jain Education Intenational

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932 pazcimanA kAraNe dhoDAya samayamAM dhaMdhA para temaNe sArI evI pakDa jamAvI dIdhI. 25 varSanA thayA e pahelA tA te jANItA thaI gayA ane dhadhAmAM ucca zikhare pahoMcI gayA. bhAvanagaranA mahArAjA, bAvakAra, gvAliyara ane kacchanA mahArAjA, koSiyAnA rAjavI ane nepALanA rAjavI tribhuvana jevA rAjakuTuMbanA sabhyo temanA grAhaka hatA. viSaranA rAjvInI sahAyathI " nAnubhAI velasa " nAme dhaMdho zarU karyuM temaNe tenI zAkhA jInIvAmAM paNa nAkhI. dezamAM sau prathama nAyalona phekaTarI nAkhavA mATe temaNe spaSTa citra raju karyuM paNa emanuM e svapna sAkara ane te pahelAM to mAMgI. begathI 21 sapTembara 65 nA rAja laMDanamAM avasAna thayuM. bhAvanagaramAM temanA kuTuMbo ghaNI moTI rakamanuM dAna ApI garIba lokonA AAzivada prApta karyA che.. sva. nAgajIbhAi khetANI. mAnavanA gAmaDAmAMja pAke che. saurASTranI bhUminu taLa ane mATe rasALa. madhya saurASTranA junAgaDha tAbAnuM coravADA gAma che. zrI nAgajIbhAi khetANInuM janmasthAna pittAzrI kezavajI manajI tathA mAtuzrI ratanabAI ane 1893 mAM emano janma thayelA sane 1961mAM svargastha thayA. junAgaDha sTeTa pharsTa kalAsa gaNAta zakhyamAM kArI ane doDha evA sIkkA cAlatA tathA saMsthAnA junAgaDhamAM posTala sTempa paNa cAlatA. navANu pAdaranuM sthAna junAgaDha gaNAtu chatA zikSaNakhAnuM ghaNu ja garIba hatuM. coravADagAmamAM nizALa nahiM tethI pitAzrIe mitrone tyAM nAgajIbhAIne bhavA mekahola. ema pAMca gAma maLIne gujarAtI cAra copaDInA abhyAsa thayA. kheDUto hukathA ane cepArIo bhAgyA. pitAzrI kezavajI bhAI sane 1903mAM bheTa kuTuMbanA nIbhAva arthe muMbaImAM ane nAkarIe lAgyA. pAMcamA ane eka bahenamAM nAgajI bhAI sauthI meATA eTale ghara vyavahAra nA ejo temaNe saMbhALyA. sana 1907mAM nAgajIbhAie paNa muMbaI tarapha prayANa karyuM. prathama tera rUpI ane vadhIne pAMtrIsa rUpI pagAra thayA. pachI te senAcAMdInA dAgInA banAvI devAnu, ghara nuM kAma zarU karyuM. temanA lagna sane 1919mAM jayAku vara bahena sAthe thayA temane traNa dIkarA ane traNa dImAM temAM hAla be dIkarA tathA traNa dIkarI hayAta che. kuTuMbamAM bhAgyAnA sumeLa ghaNA tethI jhaDapI pragati thavA mAMDI sane 1923mAM jApAnanI saphara rezamI kApaDanA imporTa mATe karI. pratikULatA ne kAraNe be mahinAmAM pAchA pharyAM AvIne muMbaimAMja rezamI kApaDanI lAdI zarU karI ghI tIkAmAM pasAra thayelA eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya smitA bhAga-2 jIvananA anubhavone kAraNe samAMjanA du:khIbhAi bahenonI subhAkArI mATe jJAninA maMDA mAraphata tana, mana ane dhana zrI. sevA zarU karI dIdhI. sane 1933mAM vaLI pAchA mitro nI sahAyathI hAjhIyarInI peDhImAM bhAgIdAra banI jApAnanI * kuTuMba sAthe upADayA. temAM sArI saphaLatA sAMpaDI. jIvana ghaDataranA kaDavA--mIThA ghaNA pasaMge| prApta thayA hatA. aDhAra varSanI vaye jaina sAdhunA samAgame vairAgya jAgatA sudhAsa levAnA bAba paNa thayela kAcchuke sArI gi siMghe pUtra janmathIja mamatva rahita paLyu hatuM. je jananA aMta sudhI TakI rahu ane khAMDALA kuTuMba parivAramAM rahevA chatAM jaLa kamaLavata jIvana jIvyA, jApAnanI traNa traNa saphara karavA chatAM ane gharabAre khUba sukhI chatAM garIbonA kuba nivAravAnI temanI tamannA bhUta hatI. bImAranI bA, ekArane nokarI, bahINAne vastro, zana vagaranI roTalo, AArI vaganAne eTalo e yArnanI ciMtA emane sadAya nagarA karAvatI. game te mAgavA Ave tyAre khIsAmAM hoya teTaluM tarata khAlI kare pachI mitrone cIThThI lakhIne sahAya apAve ane taiTalethI na putra" paDatu hoya to vyAje karaja karIne paNa anyanA duHkhane TALavA tee rAta divasa purUSArtha karatA sArA dhaMdhA cAgyA tevA varasAmAM lAkhAnI sakhAvata karI ane cIne meLavI pazu temAM paisAnI madada hIpAthI temane kadI soya na thayo hato jAta ghasIne duniyAnAM eMtrI cayAmAMja potAnuM kartavya mAnatA. Ama jemaNe aneka kSetromAM aneka maDayA dvArA aneka zrImatAnI sahAya meLavIne peTa bharIne du:khIyAnA ASiza eka sudhAryA. prasage acAnaka rastAmAMja bebhAna thai jatAM temane ghera lAvyA ane cAra divasa satata IlAjo karavA chatAM mUrchAvaLI nahi sane 1961nA ogasTamAM temaNe deha choDI dIdho. temanA samaNuM kuTuMbamAM to A jiMjJApa hatA paNa temanA smAddhinA sakhyAdha kuTubamAM duHkhano pAra na kahyo. sukhI sthitimAM bIjAnA duHkhe du:khI thanAra ane rAtrI divasa joyA vagara muMbainA garIba lattAmAM pAMca pAMca dAdarA cIne lokone ghera raeNzana pahoMcADavA, davA pahoMcADavI, nirAzritonA belI dharmane mAthAsana ApavuM e kAma A kaLIkALamAM deva kartavyarUpa gaNAya. emanA avasAna prasaMge hastaro mANasane hRdaya hAvyA seMkaDo saMsthAsthAe emane mATe zokasabhA bharI temAM saMkhyAbaMdha mANaso e svasthane ali ApI ane AMsu sAryAM. Avu divya bana., jIvI jANanArA mAnavI samAjamAM divya sugaMdhI prasarAvI jAya che. kaiMke temanA Adarza jIvananA

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha dAkhale lIdhA che ane hajAre e nAgajI khetANIne badhA prasaMgomAM saMbhAre che. dhanya e jIvana! tAnI dizAmAM doryo che ane viveka zakti dvArA saune ekatAnA atUTa baMdhanamAM bAMdhavAno Adeza ApI gayA che. temanA snigdha madhura svabhAvane ane temanI Adarza udAratAne bhavya vAraso temanA suputra zrI viThThalabhAImAM paNa utaryo che. dhaMdhAmAM meLavelI saMpattino upayoga nAnA moTA phaMDa phALAmAM paNa karatA rahyAM che. Akhu e kuTuMba khUba ja dhArmika manovRttivALuM che. zrI pravINabhAI kapAsI sajanya mUrti zrIyuta pravINabhAI kapAsI ApaNuM dhrAMgadhAnA mULa vatanI che. prAthamika abhyAsa dhrAMgadhrAmAM karI sekanDarI skUla ena. TI. ema. hAIskUla surendranagaramAM rahI abhyAsa karyo savaMta 1946 mAM meTrIka pAsa karI vadhu abhyAsa mATe muMbaInI vilasana kelejamAM joDAyA. 1950 mAM bI. esasI. thayA. ekAda dhaMdhAmAM niSNAMta thavAnA hetuthI mATuMgAnI prakhyAta vI. je. TI. Ai. kelejamAM joDAyA ane ela TI. sI. nI parIkSA pAsa karI. temAM mukhya viSayamAM TekSasTAila rasAyaNa jJAna saMpAdana karyuM. 1952 mAM abhyAsa puro karI teja varSanA navembara mAsamAM mesarsa inDo kema prA. lI. kaMpanImAM TekanIkala selasa DIpArTamenTamAM ekajhIyuTIva ophIsara tarIke joDAyA A daramyAna temaNe khUba ja prekaTIkala anubhava meLavyo. judA judA kApaDa upara raMga rasAyaNuM kevI rIte vAparavuM tenuM sacoTa jJAna meLavyuM. I. sa. 1961 mAM temaNe potAnuM svataMtra sAhasa karI "inDoDAIjha keraparezana" nuM audyogika ekama zarU karyuM. temanA nAnA bhAI zrI jItendrabhAI tathA zrI hasamukha bhAIne sAthe lIdhA. zrI jItendrabhAI vI. kapAsI bI esa sI. e padAra grupamAM savasa karI sAro anubhava meLavelA che. tevIja rIte zrI hasamukhabhAI vI. kapAsIe paNa bI. esa sI. (onarsa) pAsa karI sIdhA A sAhasamAM joDAI satata TreinIMga laI peDakazana sAIDa saMbhALI lIdhI che. A rIte abhyAsa, anubhava ane mahenatathI teo sarvazrIe mAlanA utpAdananI kavolITInuM dhoraNa jALavI rAkhyuM ane temanI proDakaTasa TUMka samayamAM mIlamAM tathA sIlka ane koTana prosesIMga hAusamAM sAruM sthAna meLavI zakI che. sArASTra bhUmi evA viranara sadA pidA karatI rahe. zrI nAnacaMda juThAbhAIdezI. saddagurUonA paricaye ane khAsa karIne parama zAsana prabhAvaka vyAkhyAna vAcaspati pUjya AcAryadeva zrImada vijaya rAmacaMdra sUrizvarajI mahArAjanI AtmahitakArI kalyANakArI vANInA prabhAve teonA saMsargamAM AvIne temaNe temanA jIvanane vitarAga prabhunA dharmathI vadhune vadhu suvAsita banAvavAno prayatna karyo che. pariNAme temaNe suMdara dhArmika anuSThAne jevA ke zrI sidhdhagirijI mahAtIrthanI navvANuM yAtrA, temaja mahAtIrthamAM cAturmAsanuM ArAdhana suMdara devakulikA banAvI temAM prabhu pratimAnI pratiSThA upadhAna, tapa, mAsakSamaNuM, varasItapa, navapadajInI oLI vagere ullAsa pUrvaka AcaryA che savaMta 2025 nI sAlamAM eja mahA prabhAvaka AcArya bhagavaMtanI pAvana nizrAmAM temanA vatana calALAthI tIrthAdhirAja zrI sidhdhagirijIne charI pALate saMgha kADhI seMkaDo bhAvikene tIrthayAtrA karAvavAne mahAna lAbha meLavyA che. A prasaMge gujarAtanA e pavitra kAvi tIrthamAM zrI navapada ArAdhaka samAjane nimaMtraNa ApI zrI navapadajI oLInuM sAmudAyika ArAdhana paNa eja pUjyapAda AcArya bhagavaMtanI nizrAmAM karAvavAnuM temaNe mahAna lAbha lIdho che. ane sane anupama darzanano amulya lAbha apAvyuM che. temanA dareka dharmakAryonI samAje anumodanA karI che. zrI paMcANubhAI paTela prArabdhane paDakArI parizramanA parasevAthI jIvana choDane sIMcI sevAnA puSpa balavanArAonI suvAsathI saMsAra ane samAjane maheMkate karanArA mAnavIomAMnA eka zrI paMcANa bhAI paTela jeo samAja ane jJAtinA pratyeka kAmamAM agresara hoya ja. sAhasa ane zauryatAnI yazagAthAthI kAThiyAvADIo jema jagatabharamAM mazahura banyA che tema jAmanagaranA zrI paMcANa bhAI paTele vyApAra udyogamAM AgaLa vadhI dharma ane vyA pArane samanvaya sAdhI ujaLI bhAta pADI che. temanA e dharma saMskAra hatA ke dhaMdhAmAM ane jIvanamAM satya niSThA ane pramANikatA ja ApaNA utkarSa ane unnatinI sAcI mUDI che. jAmanagaramAM ekasTrakazana InDasTrIjha ane vejITebala ghI evA bIjA ekame ubhA karIne vepArI samAjamAM sAruM evuM mAnapAna pAmyA. paTela jJAtinA dareka kAmamAM temane sakriya phALe hato temaNe temanA kuTuMba parivArane vAtsalyathI eka kI navapadajI ane tenI nizrAmAM karAvavAnuM paNa eja zrIyuta pravINabhAI kapAsI temanA udyoganA TekanIkala jJAna, kuneha ane kauzalyatAthI ghaNA ja TuMka samayamAM kapAsI gRpa opha InDasTrIjhane uca sthAne lAvI zakayA che. pite maLatAvaDA svabhAvanA udAra dilavALA phakata vyavasAyamAM rAye che tevuM nathI paNa sAmAjika kSetre paNa eTalA ja sajAga che. northa bombe lAyansa kalabanA chellA bAra varSathI lAyana membara che. mahAvIra jaina vidyAlayamAM eka skalaranA pedrana che. tathA yaza vijayajI jaina gurUkuLa pAlItANAnA Jain Education Intemational

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934 paNa teo skalaranA hakaka dharAve che. AvA peTrana tathA skelaranA hakka meLavavA rUpIyA dasa hajAra ke tethI vadhu moTA dAna saMsthAone ApavAnA hoya che. prAMgadhrA jIllA sezyala grupa muMbainA chelalA be varSathI upapramukha che. temaja bIjI ghaNI nAnI moTI saMsthAonA sabhya tathA hodedAra tarIkenI kAmagIrI bajAve che. TuMka samayamAM dhaMdhAmAthI thoDo samaya kADhI varlDa Turano kAryakrama goThavavA IcchA dharAve che. hamaNA vaLI temanA grupa opha IsTrIjhamAM eka vadhu kaMpanIno umero karyo che. "kapAsI DAya-kema keraparezana" tenuM utpAdana ekama gujarAtamAM surata khAte raheze ane bIjI jarmanInA sahaga sAthe jarmo kema InDasTrIjha" muMbaImAM aMdherI khAte raheze. teozrI uttarottara saphaLatAnA zikharo sara kare ane Arogyamaya dIghayuSI bane tevI ame zubhecchA pAThavIe chIe. sva. zrI. pratAparAya giradharalAla mahetA. zrImaMta sarakAra sayAjIrAva mahArAje jemane "rAjya ratna" ne ilakAba Ape. bhArata sarakAre padmazrI" nI navAjeza karI. dvArakApIThanA zaMkarAcArye "saMskRti sevAbhUSaNa"nuM birUda ApyuM te zrI pratAparAya giradharalAla mahetAne janma amarelImAM mahatA dhanajI dheLAnA kuTuMbamAM savaMta 1956nA phAgaNa vada 3 nA dine thayo hate kuLa paraMparAthI AnuvaMzika sevAnA saMskAre temanAmAM utaryA che. rAjyanI udAra nIti ane prajAnA sahakArathI amarelImAM sArvajanika pustakAlaya sAruM cAlatuM hatuM tenA maMtrI pade rahI strIomAM vAMcanano vikAsa karyo ane svataMtra mahilA pustakAlaya racyuM; je vaDodarA rAjyanuM prathama strI pustakAlaya hatuM. tevI ja rIte sane 1931 mAM dezanuM paheluM svataMtra bALa puratakAlaya sthApavAmAM AvyuM. canI reDa upara muMbaI sarakAra dvArA bAlabhavananI sthApanA thaI. jenA lakala vAIsa ceramena tarIke zrI pratAparAya mahetA lAMbo vakhata rahyAM. A pravRttinA uttara vikAsa samu bALa saMgrahAlaya cilDransa myujhiyama amarelImAM temanA pitA zrI gIradharabhAInI yAdamAM sthApyuM. vepAra dhaMdhA arthe jANItA udyogapatizrI rAmajIbhAI ha sarAja kamANI sAthe kalakattAmAM Dabalyu leslI kaMpanIne vahIvaTa saMbhALe. kamANI udyoga pratiSThAnI sthApanA ane saMcAlanamAM temaNe vega Apyo ane bhAgIdAra sabhya tarIke dIrdhakALa sevA ApI, te dhaMdhAmAM lAMbo vakhata jayapura rahetA tyAM mIrajhA IsmAIla sAthe saMparka vadhatAM sarakAra dvArA bALa pustakAlaya sthapAyuM. ane jayapura sarakAra pAse gAmaDAomAM pustakAlaye sthApavAnI yojanA maMjura karAvI zrI rAmajIbhAI haMsarAja ane bIjAonI sAthe maLI jayapuramAM cembara opha kormasa temaNe sthapAvI. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 jayapuramAM gujarAtI samAja, zALA ane harakerabAI kANakiyA pustakAlaya sthApavAmAM temane mukhya hisse hato sarakAra dvArA sthapAyelI rAjasthAna sahakArI benkanA DirekaTara ane upa pramukha rAjasthAna sTeTa phAInansa kerporezananA DirekaTara ane rAjasthAna lilata kaLA ekeDemInA prathama ceramena tarIke sarakAre temanI varaNI karI che. rAdhAkRSNananA adhyakSapade rAjasthAnanI vividha citra zailInuM pradarzana temaNe bharAvyuM ane zrI morArajIbhAI, gavarnara nihAlasiMga, mahArANI gAyatrIdevI vageranA adhyakSapade prativarSa zilpa ane citrakaLAnAM moTAM pradarzano bharAvyAM. jayapuranuM navuM relve sTezana rAjasthAnanI zailI e ja banavuM joIe, e vAta maMjura rakhAI ne tevuM ja navuM sTezana banyuM. " rAjasthAna cembaranA sthApaka paikInA teo eka che ane tenA variSTa vAIsa presiDenTa tarIke temaNe varase sudhI sevA ApI. prathama paMcavarSiya yojanAmAM rAjasthAnane thayelA anyAya saMbaMdhe temaNe eka AMkaDA ane citra pradarzana karAvyuM. rAjyanA mukhya maMtrIe khAsa patra lakhI zrI pratAparAya mahetAne sarakAra taraphathI dhanyavAda ApyA. rAjasthAnanA pATanagara tarIke jayapurane badalavAnI caLavaLa zarU thaI tyAre jayapuranI prajAkIya samitinA pramukha tarIke temane cUMTavAmAM AvyA ane temAM saphaLatA maLI. rAjasthAna sarakAre grAmra saMgrahAlaya samiti pratAparAya mahetAnA adhyakSapade uthApI ane sAMgAnera gAmamAM zrImati IdirAgAMdhI tathA sanavADA gAme javAharalAla naherUnA harate temaNe uddhATana karAvyAM. amarelImAM naherUjInI smRtimAM bAla prANIghara (200 prANIonuM saMgrahAlaya) khAsa racavAmAM AvyuM che, jemAM haraNa, sasalA, popaTa, kabutara, khisakelI, vAMdarA ane vividha prakAranAM jIvaMta prANIo sAthe sAthe bALakane ramavA devAmAM Ave che. have gAMdhIjInA nAme ti vijJAna Astronomical saMgrAhAlayanI taiyArI thaI rahI che. kamANI udyoganI sthApanA ane Adi sevAnA smaraNarUpe kamANI udyoga pratiSThAne pratAparAya mahetA ArTasa koleja ane kamANI sAyansa koleja amarelImAM sthApI che. prasaMgAnurUpa pradarzana bharavA e pratAparAyabhAInI khAsa viziSTatA hatI. bhaugolika pradarzana bAla sAhitya pradarzana, cUMTaNInAM pradarzana, itihAsa pradarzana, yuddha ane pratirakSA Jain Education Intenational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 935 pradarzana AMtararASTrIya nANAM pradarzana, AMtara rASTrIya ramakaDAM pradarzana zipa ane kalA pradarzana vagere temanI AgavI pravRtti hatI. ItihAsa temano khAsa viSaya hate. amarelImAM atihAsika TIMbAonuM khodakAma karAvI junAM tAmrapatra sIla, paheleDI vIsamI sadI sudhInA sikkA ane purANu avazeSa temaNe meLavyA hatA. vaDedarAnI erIenTala konpharansamAM amarelImAM tAmra zAsanano vidvattAbharyo lekha temaNe vAMce hate A vidvattAthI prasanna thaI sara sayAjIrAva mahArAjAe temane mehe joDe, harappA, takSazIlA kAzmIra ane mathurAnI khodAI ane anveSaNone abhyAsa karavA mekalyA hatA. tyAMnA abhyAsa pachI vaDodarA sarakArane purAtatva khAtuM sthApavAnI vinaMtI sarakAre svIkArI AkaolejIkala khAtuM sthApyuM hatuM temane purANa sikakA ane avazeSone saMgraha amUlya ane vizALa che. hAlamAM laMkA jaI gujarA ane laMkAnA ghaNu sArA purAvA sahitanA saMbaMdhanuM anveSaNa karI AvyA hatA. je laMkA mAladvipa vagerenA itihAsanI kaDIo joDavAmAM khUba ja upayogI thaze ema lAge che. - sva. zrI pratAparAyabhAInA aneka viSaye paikIno khoLa vijJAna' paNa eka viSaya hate. khagoLa vijJAnanuM jJAna ApavA mATe teozrIe vividha sAdhano nAvyA hatA. te paikI leneTerIyama" eka hatuM. tene bhArata sarakAre porTa sabasTITayuTa tarIke mAnya karI gayA varSanI 15mI ogasTe bronjha sIlDa InDasTrI khAtA taraphathI enAyata karyo hate. mAtA-pitAnA dhArmika valaNe temanAmAM paNa dharmazraddhAnA bIja sArI rIte ropAyA hatA. ane dhArmika zikSaNa tathA satsaMgane lIdhe te aMkurita thaIne navapalavita banyA. bacapaNathI Aja sudhInA pitAnA jIvanamAM jyAM jyAM sevAzaktinI jarUra paDI che tyAM tyAM mokaLe mane pitAne yatkicita phALo Apyo che. aneka saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. dhrAMgadhrA mitra maMDaLa zizukuMja, DAyamanDa maracanTa esosIezana, presIyasa sTona esesIezana, jhAlAvADa jaina mUrtipUjaka saMgha vagere nAnI moTI saMsthAonA vikAsa ane pragatimAM temane yathAzakti phALo rahyo che. avAranavAra nAnAmoTA dAnanI rakama prasaMgopAta ApavAmAM Ave che jemAM temaNe pUjya mAtuzrI maNIbena manoradAsa zAhanA nAmanuM cerITebala TrasTa banAvI dhrAMgadhrAmAM nAnA pAyA upara cAlatI zizukuMja zikSaNa saMsthAne saMpUrNa sagavaDatAvALu hAIskUla mATe makAna baMdhAvI ApI saMsthAnA zikSaNanA kAryamAM na ja vaLAMka Apyo che. svayaM preraNA ane AtmasUjhathI jema dhaMdhAne vikAsa karyo tema kartavya niSThAthI hIrAnA dhaMdhAmAM uttarottara pragati sAdhatA rahyA che. jhaverAta sivAya nAnI moTI IsTrIjha karavAnuM ejana karyuM che tenA zrI gaNeza paNa karI dIdhA che. muMbaImAM aMdherImAM babakepa banAvavAnuM kArakhAnu karela che. temAM lagabhaga eka mANase kAma kare che. ane AvI ja jAtanI bIjI nAnI moTI InsaTrIjha saurASTramAM paNa zarU karavAnI khvAeza dharAve che. pheTogrAphI ane vizALa vAMcana manananA zokhIna che. sAhityika pravRttimAM khAsa rasa bhe che. temanA suputra zrI dhIrajalAlabhAI paNa evA ja umadA ane dilAvara svabhAvanA raMgIlA AdamI che. garA taraphanI hamadarImAM kAMIka nakkara kAmamAM teo mAne che. duSkALa rAhata mATenI paristhitinuM jAte ja nirIkSaNa karI sthaLa upara ja tene mATenA mAnavatAvAdI zubha niNa amalamAM mUkI daye che. hamaNAM ja dhrAMgadhrA tathA haLavadanA paMdara gAmane pUratuM anAja, ghAsa, pANI ane bIjI jarUrIAtanI vastuo pUrI pADavAnI pahela karIne anukaraNIya pagaluM bharyuM che. uparAMta hamaNAM ja e tarapha vArI gRha Taravarkasa mATe sArU evuM dAna ApyuM che. nAnA meTA phaMDaphALAomAM zrI dhIrUbhAI taraphathI deNagI thatI ja rahI hoya che. zrI pravINa na. zeTha zrI pravINa na. zeTha gujarAta yunivarsiTInA rAjayazAstranA rIDara che. teoe ema. e. (muMbaI), ema. e. (gujarAta suvarNa caMdraka) ema. e. (yu. esa. e. "e" greDamAM prathama) elaela. bI. nI upAdhI meLavI che pensilaveniyA yuni. Ama zrI pratAparAyanuM jIvana vividhalakSI che. vyApAra udyogamAM avazya siddhi meLavI che tenA karatAM ghaNI vadhAre temaNe saMskArakSetramAM sevA ApI che. * keLavaNI mATe jIvana-jIvavA mATe keLavaNI " e temane jIvaMta maMtra che. zrI pAnAcaMda maradAsa zAha saurASTramAM dhrAMgadhrA tAlukAnA jIvA gAmanA vatanI che. jenA dharmanA siddhAMta pratye ananya zraddhA dharAvanArA ane devadarzana nAdi dharma kriyAo karavAmAM niyamitatA jALavanAra zrI pAnAcaMdabhAI sAta gujarAtI sudhI ja abhyAsa paNa vyApAramAM ghaNuM ja kArya kuzaLa sAbIta thayAM muMbaImAM hIrA tathA jhaverAtanA vyApAranI zubha zarUAta 1947 thI karI saMpa sahakAra sadAcAra ane vinaya vivekathI saunA prItipAtra banIne dhaMdhAne pragatine paMthe laI gayAM. 1957 thI hIrAnA ekaTa imporTanA vepAranA vikAsa athe avAranavAra belajIyama jatAM ane 1964 nI sAlathI tyAM vasavATa paNa karela che. Jain Education Interational For Private & Personal use only

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 varsiTImAM grISma satramAM (1970) adhyApana kArya karyuM che. "insTiTyuTa opha InaTaranezanala ejyukezana' nyuyorkanA lITara zIpaInTarna progrAma" (1970) ne upakrame nyuyorkanA sthAnika (arbana) netRtvano kSetrIya abhyAsa karyo che. ganaDekara phAunDezana ane philADephiyA reTarI kalabanI grAnTa meLavI temaNe dezamAM (dilhI, alIgaDha, jayapura, amadAvAda muMbaI va. mAM) 23 saMzodhana lekho prasiddha karyA che temaja zikAga philADelphiyA ne nyuyorkamAM rAja kAraNa paranA temanA lekhe prakAzita thayAM che. rAjyazAstra para keTalAMka purato lakhyAM che. gujarAtI sAmayika ane vRtapatromAM paNa avAra navAra lekhe lakhe che. rASTrIya temaja Atara rASTrIya seminAra penala mITIMga ane pariSadomAM temane nimaMtraNa maLyAM che ne tyAM temaNe nibaMdha raju karyA che. eziyAnA vizeSa saMdarbhamAM "tulanAtmaka rAjakAraNa" uparAMta gujarAtanA rAjakIya vikAsa' sthAniya rAjakAraNuM A viSayamAM teo uMDo rasa dharAve che. pUjya zAstrIjI pAMDuraMga AThavale parama ciMtaka ane sArasvata zrI pAMDuraMga zAstrIjI bhAratanA AdhyAtmika jagatanuM mahAmula ratna gaNAya che. temano janma eka saMskArI ane tatvaniSTha kuTuMbamAM thayuM che. temanA pitAzrI vaijanAtha zAstrIjI vidvAna bhakta ane utkRSTa pravacanakAra hatA. temaNe ja zrImada bhAgavata gItA pAThazALAnuM 43 varSa pahelA bIjAropaNa karyuM hatuM. je Aje vistarIne mahAna vaTavRkSa thayeluM che. pAzcAtya ane pavitya tatvajJAnano abhyAsa uparAMta vividha viSayane paNa pU. zrI pAMDuraMgajIe uMDo abhyAsa karyo che. utkRSTa buddhimattA, tIvameghA tathA avadhAna zakti; prakhara tarkazakti sAthe sUkrama vivekadRSTi ane Akalana zaktinI pratIti karAvatAM emanA pravacane haiyA seMsaravA zretAone sparzI jAya che. nAnI moTI vyakitao taraphane temane vinaya mAdhUrya ane samabhAvazIla vyavahAra saune mugdha kare che. vaidika saMskRtinA vicAro Atma sAta karyA vagara jIvana vikAsa zakaya nathI; A parama satya ravIkArIne tene pracArane mATe Agraha jIvanamAM je vrata ane dhyeyavAda svIkArAyelA che te mATe nigraha ane pitAnA vividha kAne sahaga denAra sajajanene saMgraha e temanA jIvananI trisUcI che. zrI pravINacaMdra cimanalAla parIkha tatvajJAna, adhyAtma, bhakti, saMskRti dharmo. naitika mUlyo mAnavatA ane manuSyajIvana vagerenA veravikhera thayelA pAnAonA punaH saMkalananuM kArya Aje jANe pU. zAstrIjI karI rahyAM che. | zrI pravINacaMdra cimanalAla parIkhanuM mULa vatana kheDA jayAM emane 1937nA mArcanI tA. 26mI e janma thayo. 1961 mAM ema. e. thayA bAda emaNe amadAvAdanA lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmaMdiramAM risarca skalara tarIke traNa varSa sudhI kArya karyuM ane A samaya daramyAna Do. hariprasAda zAstrInA mArgadarzana heThaLa gujarAtamAM brahmI lipithI nAgarI sudhIne lipi vikAsanA viSaya para mahA nibaMdha lakhyo ane pI. eca. DI.nI ucca padavI prApta karI. A mahAnibaMdha gujarAta yuni. e pragaTa karyo che. saurASTranAM prAcIna sthAnanAM sthaLanAma ane enA mahatva aMgenI emanI lekhamALA rAjakoTa nA dainika "kulachAba'mAM 1967 mAM pragaTa thaI che. emanA paricayAtmaka ane saMzodhanAtmaka lekho saurASTranA dainika ane sAmayikomAM avAra-navAra pragaTa thayA kare che. gujarAta itihAsa saMdarbha sUcanI prathama pustikAne emaNe taiyAra karele bIjo khaMDa (abhilekha) gujarAta itihAsa pariSada dvArA pragaTa thayA che. saurASTra yuni. taraphathI jeThavA rAjakula aMgenuM saMzodhana kArya emane saMpAyuM che. uparAMta svataMtrapaNe "nijAnaMda saMpradAya ane saMta prANanAtha" upara paNa saMzodhana karyuM che ane te pragaTa thaI rahyuM che. temanI " Akbar and His Coin" nAmanI saMzodhana pustikA hamaNAM pragaTa thaI che. 1964 thI eo rAjakoTanI mAtuzrI vIrabAimAM mahilA kelejamAM bhAratIya saMskRtinA adhyApaka tarIke joDAyA che. ane Aje paNa tyAM snAtaka ane anusnAtaka kakSAe adhyA pana kArya karI rahyA che. emanA priya viSayamAM lipi vidhA, abhilekha vidyA ane sikkA zAstra mukhya che. svAdhyAya emane jIvanamaMtra che. ayAcakavratanuM sAmAjikaraNa e emanI jIvana niSThA che. ane bhaktimUlaka leka sa graha e emanuM parama lakSya che. Izvara uparanI AtyaMtika zraddhA ane bhaktipUrvaka kArya karavAnI vRttinA mULabhUta pAyA para emaNe zarU karela saMskRti utthAnanA yugavatI kAryano vistAra svAdhyAya pravRtti dvArA Aje aneka zAkhA prazAkhAemAM vistarI rahyo che. hAjarAta itiyA rAjapula tAnaMda sa vaidika saMskRti para aDaga zraddhA ubhI karavI. sAMskRtika mUlyonuM saMdha bhAvanA dvArA punaHsthApana karavuM. bhaktiyukata tejasvI vicAradhArAthI prerita bhAvanA maMDita karmayegI mAnavajIvana nirmANa karavuM. AjanA aniSTa baLane hiMmatathI sAmane karavA ane mAnavajAtinA utkarSa mATe pravRtta thavAno zubha saMkalpa samAjamAM nirmANa kare. A sarva temanI vividha pravRtti pAchaLa rahelA pradhAna ane preraka udezya che. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 937 A rahI temanA kArya vRkSanI bhinna bhinna zAkhAo zrImad bhagavadagItA pAThazALA mAdhavabAga, tatvajJAna vidyApITha- thANA, saMskRti vistArakasaMgha-zahero tathA gAmaDAomAM bhakitapherI dharmayAtrAo ane zibironuM je dvArA Ayojana thAya che. jJAna vistAraka saMgha-sAMskRtika dRSTie zALAonuM saMcAlana kare che. saddavicAra darzana-bhAratIya saMskRti darzananuM nirmANa karanAra prakAzana saMsthA. vinayAdhigama-bAlikAonuM zaizava khilavanAra zikSaNa saMsthA. dezanA bhinna bhinna pradezomAM svAdhyAyanI pragaTelI pAvana jyatanuM saphaLa saMcAlana karanAra pU zrI. zAstrIjI svayaM eka jIvaMta saMskAra mUrti che. emanI preraNAbharI pAvana vANI be hajArene jIvana jIvavAnI navI dRSTi ApI che. kartavya parAyaNa banAvyA che. sAcA arthamAM ane kene tatva jijJAsu banAvI zreyane mAge vALyA che. stra premacaMda rAyacaMda saravaiyA bahu ratnA vasuMdharAnA eka chupA ratna jevA. emano janma bhAvanagara sTeTanA gAma theraDImAM vi. saM. 1963 kAratakazuda 13 nA roja thayo hato. nAnapaNathI ja temanI budhdhi tejasvI hatI ane abhyAsamAM ujajavala kArakIrdi hatI pitAzrIne svargavAsa thavAthI 14mA varase ja abhyAsa choDa paDe. te samaye teo bhAvanagaranA dakSiNA mUrti vidyAthI bhavanamAM tharDa sTAnDarDamAM hatA. AcArya zrI nAnAbhAI bhaTe emanA jevA tejasvI vidyArthIne abhyAsa adhuro na rahe te mATe sAmethI kahyuM ke Arthika yA bIjI kaI paNa muzkelI hoya te e dUra karavAnI vyavasthA karazuM paraMtu pratikuLa saMjogane kAraNe e uMmaramAM ja dhaMdhe lAgI javAnI pharaja kuTuMbane sthira karyuM" kAkAzrIonA cAra putrone lAIne lagADyAM potAnA nAnAbhAI lallubhAIne hAiskUlane abhyAsa puro karAvyo tathA lakSamIcaMdane dukAna karAvI ApI. teo svabhAve khUbaja dayALa tathA udAra hovAthI snehI saMbadhIone tana mana, dhanathI upabhegI thatA hatA. jJAtinA kAryomAM paNa bhega ApatA hatA tathA guptadAna paNa karatA hatA. TImbara saplAya mATe TaMkazALAmAM tathA anya maTI kaMpanIomAM teo jatA hatA tyAM paNa aneka madhyama varganA mANane madadarUpa thatA hatA. emanA akALa avasAna bAda aneka kAmadAra vagere ToLAbaMdha AvI AMsu sAthe kahetA ke amArA te tAraNahAra gayA. kuTuMbanA kamabhAge saM. 19nA bhAdaravA vada 13 nA reja bebItaLAva pAse bhayaMkara meTara akasmAta thaye teone mAthAmAM muMDhamAra lAgyo ane bebhAna thaI gayA. ATha divasa bebhAna ja rahyA ane mAtra ADatrIsa varSanI bharayuvAna vaye sarva parivArane raDatA mUkIne svarge sidhAvI gayA. (vi. saM. 19nA Aso suda 6) maramanA nAmathI gAma raDImAM gujarAtI zALA sthApI che. jene vahIvaTa hAla sarakAra kare che. A uparAMta jaina dharmomAM marahamanA nAmathI kAyamI tithie noMdhAvela che. emanA jIvanamAMthI kuTuMbIjanone ghaNuM ghaNuM zIkhavAnuM maLyuM che tathA teonA paricayamAM AvanArAo Aje paNa teonA saddaguNone yAda kare che. zrI premazaMkara kezavarAma zAstrI sAmavedanA prakhara abhyAsI, karmakAMDa jyotiSa vagerenA uMDA marmajJa zrI premazaMkarabhAI kapaDavaMjanA vatanI che. vaDIle. pAsethI veda tathA zAstrIya jJAna meLavI bAlyakALathIja dharma zA nA sArane samajavA prayatna zIla rahyAM che. ghaNAM varSo muMbaIne vatana banAvyuM che. janmabhUmi paMcAga kAryAlayamAM mahatvanuM sthAna dharAve che. bhAratIya saMskRtinA vicAra pracArane puSTi maLe tathA dharmakSetre eka navI dizA samAja pAse mUkavAnA zubhAzaya thI vidvAnonA sahakArathI 2006mAM zaktisevA saMghanI muMbaI mAM sthApanA karI. jemAM janmagrahane abhyAsa, azubha tanA nAza mATe yogya mArgadarzana ane jijJAsuo svakartavyamAM parAyaNa rahe tevI doravaNI ApavAne prayatna jArI rAkhe che. prasaMgopAta vidvAna saMta mahAtmAone satkAra karI dharmapremI bhAIone lAbha ApavAnA satata prayatnazIla rahyAM che. svAdhyAya kendromAM ane vyavahArika zubha prasaMgomAM karmakAMDanI paDI. gAmaDAmAM eka nAnakaDI hATaDImAM anubhava lIdhe ane paMdarame varase muMbaI AvyA bAreka bajAramAM tathA phrenca piolIsanA dhaMdhAmAM nokarI karI pachI TImbaranA dhaMdhAmAM re roDanI eka moTI kaMpanImAM sArA pagArathI joDayA. thoDAja samayamAM sesamenanI javAbadArIvALI jagyA sudhI pahoMcI gayA ane zeThane vizvAsa saMpAdana karyo. kuTuMbanI sthiti taddana sAdhAraNa hatI DuM vaDIlenuM karaja paNuM hatuM tethI karakasarathI nirvAha karIne rakama bacAvI karaja peTa bharAtI hatI. e samaye emaNe AkhA bahoLA Jain Education Intenational

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kriyAomAM pite nispRhI rIte kAma karatAM hovAnuM jANavA maLyuM che. paramasaMtoSanI rekhA temanA mukha upara hamezA maLazeja. zrI bipInabhAI bacubhAI prArabdha baLa ane prabaLa purUSArthathI bahu ja TUMkA samayamAM lokhaMDanA dhadhAmAM jemaNe bahu sArI pratiSThA meLavI che jemaNe dhaMdhAmAM karelI pragati AnaMda ane Azcarya pamADe tevI che je temanI sAhasika vRttine AbhArI che. AvA zreSThIvarya zrI bipInabhAI surata taraphanA vatanI che. meTrIka sudhIno abhyAsa paNa kartavya niSThA, sAdI samajaNa ane kheladIlIne triveNI saMgama jemanAmAM daSTigocara thAya che vyApAramAM pitAnI kuzAgra buddhine paricaya karAvavAnI tamannA nAnapaNathI ja hatI eTale 1950 mAM lokhaMDanA dhaMdhAnI zubha zarUAta karI. muMbaImAM temanI dIrdhadaSTie ghaNuM moTuM kSetra karI ApyuM. jAta parizrama, buddhiprabhA ane zraddhAnA baLe dhaMdhAnA vikAsamAM magna banI gayAM. temanI AgavI sUjhanA kAraNe sarakAre jyAre skepane mATe thaIne hoMgakoMga-kerIyA vagere dezamAM je DelIgezana mohyuM hatuM temAM temanuM paNa AgavuM sthAna hatuM. temanI kAma karavAnI paddhati ane hoziyArIne lIdhe teo ola InidhyA sTepa ekasaparTa kepe. nA DIrekaTara pade ananya sevA ApI rahyAM che. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 zrI kulacAMda lIlAdhara vorA prAthamika zikSaNa chatrAsAnI zALAmAM laI mAtra cauda varSanI uMmare bhAgya ajamAvavA eDana tarapha prayANa karyuM. zarUAtamAM eDanamAM temanA banevI moTI pAnelInA zeThazrI becaradAsa premajI sAthe gayA ane I. sa. 1914mAM pirabaMdaravALA suprasiddha zeTha nathu mulajIne tyAM menejara tarIke nokarI zarU karI. zeTha nathu mulajInI eDananI peDhInuM udghATana zrI kulacaMdabhAInA varada haste thayuM ane e saMbaMdha AgaLa jatAM vevAI saMbaMdhamAM pariNamyuM. zrI. kulacaMdabhAInA jIvanamAM prArabdha ane puruSArtha baMnene sumeLa thayela che. ane te kAraNe eDanamAM temanI pragati dinapratidina vadhavA lAgI. zrI phulacaMdabhAIe pachI karI choDI svataMtra kamIzana ejanTa ane kApaDanuM kAma zarU ryuM. bhAratamAM paNa zrI chaganalAla kasturacaMda ane ravajI jhaveracaMda jevI moTI peDhIo sAthe saMbaMdha baMdhAya jIvanamAM caDatI paDatI AvyA ja kare che paNa evA prasaMge je sthira ane samatala rahI zake che avazya AgaLa vadhI zake che. dhaMdhAnI zarUAtamAM ja teo para eka moTo phaTake paDe. beMka opha ebIsInIAnA kezIyaranA goTALAne kAraNe temanI rUA. 80,000 jevI moTI rakama gaI. paraMtu A kaparA kALamAMthI paNa teo sukharUpa pAra utaryA. pramANikatA, cIvaTatA ane kAryakuzaLatAnA kAraNe tyAMnI eka moTI kaMpanI e bIsa (A. BESSE) nI para DhagI temanA para utarI ane sela selIMga kAma temane saMpAyuM. zrI zrI phulacaMdabhAInI siddhinA pAyAmAM A peDhIne mahatvane hise che. - I. sa. 1953 thI teo vepAra dhaMdhA sAthe hunnara udyogamAM paNa rasa levA lAgyA. temaNe eDanamAM jayanta pATavI elyuminima zarU karyuM. ene Isa. 1969mAM eDanamAM jIvana lAla enDa kaMpanInuM bhavya kArakhAnuM paNa eka pratiSThata vyakti nI bhAgIdArImAM kharIdI lIdhuM. eDanane badhe vahIvaTa temanA meTA putra prabhulAlanA putra zrI surezabhAI saMbhALe che. eDana nI paristhitimAM parivartana AvyA pachI zrI phulacaMdabhAI ane temanA traNe putre muMbaImAM sthira thaI navA udyogo (Industry ) zarU karyA che mATuMgAmAM teonI mAlikInA be makAno che. dhaMdhAne vikasAvAnA uddezyathI navuM jANavA jevA ane samajavAnI laganIe pAMca vakhata jApAna ane eka vakhata amerikAnI saphara karI AvyA. temanAmAM rahelA samAja sevAnA umadA guNe paNa prasaMgepAta jhaLakyA che. sAyanamAM lAyansa kalabanA membara tarIke sevAo ApI rahyAM che jyAre jyAre taka maLe tyAre samAja sevAmAM tana-mana-dhanathI temane yazasvI phaLa maLatuM ja rahyo che. bhAvanagaramAM svAtinArI saMmelanane sArI rakamanuM temanuM dAna prazaMsApAtra * bhAgIdArI thatA putra "gayA pacha temanA suzila grejyueTa dharmapatnI zrImati vasaMtabena guNAnurAgI hovA sAthe temanA preraNAmUti paNa che. sArA kAmamAM temanuM mArgadarzana upagI nivaDayuM che. muMbaImAM zrI bipInabhAI dhaMdhAdArI kSetre navuM sAhasa karavAnuM Ayojana karI karI rahyAM che. teo yazasvI siddhi hAMsala kare tevI zubhecchA. saM. 1970mAM zrI phulacaMdabhAInA lagna pAnelIvALA zrI rUpazI nAthubhAI mahetAnI putrI pArvatIbena sAthe thayA. vezavALa thayA pachI zrI pArvatIbenanI AMkho bagaDI ane cakSuteja ochA thayA. kuTuMbanA vaDIlee zrI phulacaMdabhAI che te e vezavALa jatuM karI bIje lagna karavAne mArga khulle karI Apyo. paNa yuvAvasthA hovA chatAM temaNe ekaja temanA dharmapatni sthAnika mahilA pravRttimAM agra bhAga Jain Education Intemational ation Intermational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 939 sArA hoddAo upara sthAna pAmyA che. pite 1946 thI dhaMdhAnI zarUAta karI Aje ledhara inDasTrIjhanI rITeila zopamAM bhAgIdArI sIsTamathI kAma karI rahyAM che. dhaMdhAnI caDatI paDatI karatAM temanA jIvananI viziSTatA e che ke vaiSNava dharmanA maMdiremAM, zaikSaNika saMsthAomAM vizeSa rasa laI rahyAM che. eTaluM ja nahI paNa hAMseTAnI zALAone, vidyArthIone pustake tathAM kelarazIpa mATe sArI evI rakama arpaNa karelI che. javAba Apyo ke huM ema kadApi na karI zakuM lagna pachI AvI khAmI AvI hota to ? pArvatIbena sAthe ja temaNe lagna karyA ane aThThAvIsa varSanA sukhI dAMpatya jIvana ne aMte zrI pArvatIbenanA mRtyu pachI teo vAnaprastha jIvana gALe che. sadUgata patnInA smaraNArthe moTI pAnIlImAM zrI pArvatI bahena sArvajanika davAkhAnuM cAle che. eDananI gujarAtI skula nI sthApanAmAM temane mahatvano hisso hato ane rUpiyA pacIsa hajAranI rakama ApI hatI. zeTha devakaraNa mulajI saurASTra vizAzrImALI jaina beDIMganA teo TrasTI hatA ane avAra navAra A saMsthAne Arthika sahAya Ape che. mahA vIra jaina vidyAlaya temaja amarelInI zrI bI. mu. jaina boDInA teo peTrana che. moTI pAnelImAM baMdhAyelA maMdiranI jagyA teoe bheTa ApI che. ane e madiranA paNa teonA moTo phALo che. temanA sadagata putravadhU sau prabhAkuM varanA samArakarUpe pAnelImAM prabhAkuMvara prANalAla verA mAtR kalyANa bAlamaMdira ane prasutigRha' cAle che, temaja eka vidyArthI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlayamAM kelara tarIke rahe evI vyavasthA karI che. I.sa. 1948mAM zrI saurASTra vizAzrI mALI jaina jJAtinuM saMmelana junAgaDha mukAme bharavAmAM AvyuM hatuM tyAre adhyakSa pade zrI kulacaMdabhAInI varaNI karavAmAM AvI hatI govardhananAthajI vaiSNavamaMdira hAMseTanA pramukha ane TrasTI tarIke zrI AcArajI mahAprabhujI vaiSNavamaMdira hAMseTanA pramukha ane TrasTI tarIke mAdhavarAmajI vaiSNavamaMdira hAMsoTanA pramukha ane TrasTI tarIke vahIvaTa kAryamAM temanI suvAsa che. temanA svapatnI zrImati kapilAgaurIbahena paNa sAmAjika sevAmAM temanI sAthe mere hatA. bharUca jIllA lekalarDanA vAIsa presIDenTa tarIke e sannArIe yazasvI sevA bajAvI hatI. zrI bhavAnabhAI bhIkhAbhAI Thakakara rAjakeTa mukAme devakaraNa muLajI jaina boDIMga nA makAnane zIlAropaNa temanA adhyakSa pade thaela. hamaNAM agAzI jaina daherAsara enDa cerITI drasTa taraphathI bAkInI nUtana dharmazALA para temanuM nAma joDavAnI temaNe saMmati ane temanA nAmathI jaina dharmazALA cAlu thaI che. zrI bhagubhAI prANavallabhabhAI desAI narmadA nadInI dakSiNe doDha mAIla dUra ane arabI samudrathI pAMca mAIla dUra ane aMkalezvara telakSetrathI cAra mAila dUra AvelA hAMseTa gAmamAM temane janma thayo. hoTa ane vaDodarAmAM zikSaNa meLavI meTrIka pAsa thayAM. temanA pitAzrI hindu muslIma bane kemamAM sanmAnIya gaNAtAM. be kema vacceno bhAIcAro ane temanA prazno ukelavAmAM zrI bhagubhAI paNa rasa letA rahyAM. lekacAhanAne pariNAme 1912mAM pahelAnA tAlukA lekalabe aMkalezvaramAM prajAe temane hAMseTanA pratinidhi tarIke cuMTI kalyA temAM 1912 thI 1916 sabhya tarIke ane 1916 thI 18 sudhI upapramukha tarIke, pachI jIllA kala jorDamAM paNa sabhya tarIke, upapramukha tarIke, pramukha tarIke krame krame pratichAnuM sthAna meLavatA gayA hATa paMcAyatamAM 1945 sudhI kAma karyuM pachI te dIkarA-dIkarIonA ucca abhyAsa arthe muMbaImAM vasavATa karyo. Aje temanA bALake vividhakSetre svargastha bhavAnabhAI bhIkhAbhAIne svargavAsa thaye 17 varSa thayA paraMtu haju paNa temanI jIvananI smRtI loka mAnasamAM cirasthAyI ja che. kAraNa ke temanuM jIvana khuba ja nIkhAlasa AnaMdI satyapriya ane dayALu hatuM. ane tethI ja jayAre teone svargavAsa yo tyAre atrenA imAratI lAkaDAnA vepArI maMDaLe zeka TharAva pasAra karyo tyAre A pramANe zabdo lakhelA ke "amoe eka meTA ane sAhasika vepArI te gumAvyA ja che, paraMtu tethI vizeSa amoe amArA pyArA dAdA gumAvyA che." dareka temane dAdA kahIne ja belAvatA ane teo paNa darekanI pratye khubaja vAtsalya prema rAkhatA ane tethI ja je ke mANasa temanI sAthe saMparkamAM AvatA te dareka emaja kahetA ke dAdAne bhale dareka upara prema hoya paNa amArA pratye dAdAne prema vizeSa che tema lAgatuM A eka temanA jIvananI vizeSatA hatI. nAnI bAra varSanI uMmare teo lAkaDAnA vepAramAM joDAyA tyAre temanI sthiti sAmAnya paraMtu satyaniSThA, sahahikatA tathA AMtarIka uMDI sujhane laI teoe vepArI AlamamAM pratiSThita sthAna prApta karyuM. teo temanI lahANA jJAtine bhulyA nathI. lehANA vidyArthIbhavananAM mAnada maMtrI tathA TrasTI tarIke varSo sudhI temaNe sevA karelI temaja lehANA jJAtinA teo upapramukha tarIke teo jayAM sudhI jIvyA tyAM sudhI rahIne jJAtInI tana-mana ane dhanathI sevA karela temaja lehANuM vidyArthI bhavananAM phALA mATe teo muMbaI gayela ane muMbaI 25 divasa rokAI sArI evI Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amita bhAga-2 phALAnI rakama karI lAvela. teo lehANA vidyArthI bhavananA eka draSTI paNa hatA. temaja meMghIbAI maganalAla dhanajI udyogazALA tathA mIDIbAI TrasTanA menejIMga kamITInA sabhya hatA. teonuM jIvana bahu mukhI hatuM. abhyAsa phakta teone sAta gujarAtI, copaDI sudhIne hatuM paraMtu vAcana eTaluM badhuM vizALa hatuM ke zAmaLadAsa kolejanA gujarAtInA eka prAdhyApake vidyAthIo samakSa pravacana karatA dAdA mATe nIce pramANe kahela ke svargastha meghANIbhAI te eka sAhityakAra hatA ane temane sAMbhaLavA e eka eka jIvanano lhAvo gaNAya tevI rIte zrI bhavAnabhAI ke je vepArI che ane khubaja ochuM bhaNelA che chatAM temanuM gujarAtI kAvyanuM vAMcana eTaluM badhuM vizALa che ane temanI yAdazakita khubaja tIvra hovAthI temanA mukhethI gujarAtI kAvya rAgamAM tathA tAlabaddha sAMbhaLavA te paNa eka hA che. teo gujarAtI, hindI, telugu, marAThI ane aMgrejI bhASA upara ghaNo sAre kAbu hatuM. A badhI bhASAonuM jJAna teoe anubhavathI meLavela. teonuM dhArmika jIvana paNa evuM ja hatuM. dareka dhArmika kAryamAM teo tana mana ane dhanathI bhAga letA AMgaNe Avela mANasa khAlI hAthe pAcho jate nahi dareka saMtanuM svAgata teo yathA zakti karatA ane dareka saMtane temanA pratye khubaja lAgaNI hatI. saMgItamAM khAsa karIne zAstriya saMgItamAM temane vizeSa rasa hatuM. ane teo pote paNa saMgIta jANatA hatA. tabalA Upara dhrupada tathA dhamAra hAla teo pite vagADatA havelImAM kIrtanamAM paNa teoe bhagavAna samakSa A tAle ghaNIvAra vagADelA che ane temanA baMgale paNa teo zAstriya saMgIta nA jalasA rAkhatA. sAmAjIka pravRttiomAM paNa temane khubaja rasa ha ane dRreka sAmAjIka pravRttimAM teo pote khuba rasapUrvaka bhAga letA. bALako pratye temane khuba ja prema hato ane ghaNIvAra teo piDhI uparathI Ave ane je bALake krIkeTa ramatA hoya te temanI sAthe pite koTa pAghaDI utArI krIkeTa ramavA lAgI jatA. boLake pattA ramatA hoya te temanI sAthe pattA ramatA ane nAstA vagere maMgAvI bALakanI sAthe ujANI karatAM. A rIte dAdA meTAnI sAthe moTA ane bALakanI sAthe bALaka te rItanuM vartana karatA ane tethIja darekane ema lAgatuM ke dAdAne amArA upara vizeSa prema che. - temanA jIvananI saphaLatAnuM mukhya kAraNa e che ke temaNe temanA jIvanamAM nIcenA sutre utAravAno namra prayAsa karela. teo kahetA ke kareluM bhule tenuM prAyazcita nathI. ApaNe kaI upara upakAra karyo hoya te te bhulI ja paraMtu bIjAe ApaNA upara upakAra karyo hoya te te haMmezA yAda rAkho ane te upakArane badale vALI ApavA prayatna kare dayA, kSamA ane sahanazilatA e kaLIyuganuM tapa che. dareka praye dayA rAkhavI; keIe tamArA pratye kharAba vartana karyuM hoya te bhulI javuM paraMtu temanI sAthe kharAba vyavahAra tamAre nahIM kare ane jeTaluM jIvanamAM sahana karaze teTalA tame AgaLa Avaze ane teo kahetA ke namratAnA nIcApaNAnI uMcAi enI moTI padavIne pamAya che ane A vastu temaNe potAnA jIvanamAM utArelI, dAdAnuM apamAna keIe karyuM hoya te tarata teo bhulI jatA ane pharIvAra te bhAI maLe te teo temane teTalA ja premathI bolAvatA, teo haMmezA kahetA ke keInuM tamArAthI sAruM na bane te kaMI nahiM paraMtu koInA burAmAM te ubhA ja raheze nahiM paraMtu bane eTaluM temanuM sArU karavA prayatna karaze. satyaniSThA kaI divasa choDazo nahiM. muzkelI Ave te hiMmatathI sAmano karaze ane tamArI satyaniSThA haze te Izvara jarUra tamane sahAya karaze. AvI Izvara pratye temane aDaga zraddhA hatI. AvA bhavya purUSArthane laIne teoe jIvanamAM khubaja saphaLatA prApta karI. atyAre temanI traNa peDhIo cAle che. me. dhanavaMtarAya bhavAnabhAI; se. sudhIrakumAra enDa ku. me. Ara. A teSa enDa ku." temanuM saMcAlana temanA suputra zrI jayaMtIlAla bhavAnabhAI zrI dhanavaMtarAya bhavAnabhAI tathA pautra zrI sudhIrakumAra jayaMtilAla khubaja saphaLatAthI karI rahyA che ane temanA putro tathA pautra paNa dAdAne cIle cAlavA namra prayatna karI rahyA che. zrI bhAnu bhAI sI. jAnI zrI bhAnubhAI sI jAnI morabInA eka nAmAMkita agraNI ane samAja sevaka che. temane janma 5-6-1909 mAM thayo hate. morabImAM hAIskUla sudhInuM zikSaNa lIdhA pachI kalakattA ane muMbaI vyavasAya arthe nIkaLI gayA hatA. | mA-bhemanI hAkala paDI tyAre muMbaimAM 1930-32 ane merabImAM 1932-34 daramyAna svAtaMtrya saMgrAmamAM jhukAvyuM hatuM. 1947mAM temaNe dilipa enDa ku. nAme vepAra zarU karyo hato ane TUMka samayamAM pitAnI kAryadakSatAthI tenuM kAmakAja jamAvI dIdhuM hatuM. morabI myunIsIpAlITInA pramukha, roTarI kalabanA pramukha, morabI vyApAra-udyoga cembaranA pramukhapade rahIne temaNe te dareka saMsthAnA kAmane sudaDha banAvyuM hatuM. zikSaNa kSetramAM temaNe vidyottejaka maMDaLanA maMtrI tarIkenI javAbadArI saMbhALI hatI. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 941 zrI maNIlAla kezavajI khetANI dharma-cAritrya ane samAja sevAnA uttama guNothI jemanuM suvAsita jIvana sAMprata samAjane ajavALatuM rahyuM che. jemaNe potAnA puruSArthanA baLe jIvananA aneka tANavANu vacce suMdara vyaktitva ubhu karI bhAvi peDhI mATe preraNAdAI bhAthuM pUruM pADyuM che ane Aja sIttera varSanI uMmare paNa sevA jIvananI dIkSA grahaNa karI yuvAnane zaramAve tevA jussAthI anekavidha samAjopayegI pravRttine gUMjatI karI che. ane junI peDhInA sthaMbha gaNAtA zrI maNIlAlabhAI khetANI mAtra dazAzrImALI vaNIka kuTuMbanuM ja nahi paNa samagra gujarAtI samAjanuM gauravazALI ratna che. saurASTranuM vaDIA gAma temanI janmabhUmi ane mAtra cAra aMgrejI sudhI ja abhyAsa paNa pitAnI dIrgha dRSTi ane svabaLe pragatinA je pAna temaNe sara karyA enAthI AzcaryamAM garakAva thaI javAya che. sarvodaya zikSaNa samAja, relve sTezana salAhakAra samiti tathA rAjayanA baMdaronI salAhakAra samitinA sabhya tarIke temaNe upakAraka sevAo bajAvI hatI. nAgarika sahakArI benkanA pramukha tarIke temaNe A benkanA kAmakAjane khuba vikasAvyuM hatuM. morabInA aneka nAnA kArIgarone temanI udAra nItithI gRhaudyogo zarU karavA ne vikasAvavAmAM ghaNuM protsAhana maLyuM hatuM. zrI bhUpatarAya chaganalAla zAha mULa boTAdanA vatanI paNa temanuM kuTuMba cheTalA aMzI varSathI dhaMdhArthe muMbaI AvIne vasyuM che. kolejanuM prathama varSa purUM karIne pitAzrInA lokhaMDanA vyavasAyamAM pote joDAyAM ane temanA pitAnI preraNA mujaba AgaLa vadhavAmAM khaMta ane kALajI rAkhI muMbaInA lekhaMDa jaththAmAM temanuM sArUM evuM sthAna che. yunITI hArDavera ku. temanI vyApArI peDhI che. dhaMdhA uparAMta ghaNI sAmAjika saMsthAo sAthe sakA LAyelAM che. beTAda prajA maMDaLa, amulakha gujarAtI sevA maMDaLa ejayu.sosAyaTI, gujarAtI kalaba lehA bhuvana bIjhanesa ke. e sosAyaTI, rAjakoTanI TI. bI. hospITala vidyAbhAratI boTAda, hArDavera maracanTasa ane menyuphekacarsa cembara opha InDIyA vageremAM temanI sevA jANItI che. nAnA moTA phaMDaphALAmAM temaNe udAra hAthe phALo Apyo che. zrI bhurAbhAi khoDIdAsa paTela sAbarakAMThA jillAnA jAherajIvanamAM kAma karatA zrI bhurAbhAI paTelano sAta gujarAtIno ja abhyAsa paNa satata leka saMparkane kAraNe Aje ghaNI saMsthAomAM temanI kAma. gIrI bese che-dhaDakaNa grAma paMcAyatanA sarapaMca, dhaDakaNa temaja caMdrAlA dUdha utpAdaka sahakArI maMDaLa nA ceramena dhaDakaNa sevA sahakArI maMDaLa nA ceramena, kUTa enDa vejITebala groarsa esozIezana amadAvAdanA DAyarekaTara, amadAvAda jillA sahakArI dUdha utpAdaka saMghanA salAhakAra, sAbarakAMThA jillA saha. dUdha utpAdaka saMgha li. hiMmatanagaranA ceramena vagere. jIvanamAM kAMIka karI chuTavAnA manasubA nAnapaNathI ja sevelA ane rASTriyatAthI pUrA raMgAyelA eTale mAtra tera varSanI nAnI kumaLI vaye bAbu pannAlAla hAIskUlamAM jaina bAla mitra maMDaLa sthApI sevAnI sugaMdha prasarAvI. tyArathI mAMDIne aneka nAnI moTI samAjasevI saMsthAomAM AgevAnIbharyo mahatvano bhAga bhajavyo ane nisvArtha sevAnI ekapaNa taka javA dIdhI nathI je mATe eka juduja pustaka lakhavuM paDe tema che. jIvananI zarUAtamAM je sAta varSa nokarI karIne ane paMdara rUpIyAnA pagAramAM zarUAta karI covIsa varSanI uMmare mAsika pagAra rUA. 300/- sudhI pahoMcyA pachI 1925 nI sAlamAM chUTaka kApaDanI dukAnathI zarUAta karI vepAramAM pAMca varasa gALyA. paNa mana dila daIne kAma nahotuM karatuM. 1930-31 mAM bAraDelI laDatanI hAkala paDI ane temanuM dezAbhimAna jAgRta banyuM bAraDolI satyAgrahamAM sakriya rIte bhAga letA Akaro jelavAsa veThavo paDyo ane kuTuMbane kaparI kasoTImAMthI pasAra thavuM paDyuM paNa temAMthI ja temanuM anekhuM vyakitatva nAnI vayamAM ja samAjamAM upasI AvyuM jethI kuTuMbanA vaDIlee jApAna javA lAlaca ApI ane tyAM bhASA zIkhIne jAduja kAma karavuM hatuM paraMtu bI. durlabhajI ku. nA menejara bImAra paDavAthI tene cA 1934 mAM mAthe AvyuM. khetI ane pazupAlanamAM vaijJAnika saMzodhanone lAbha laI gAmaDAonI pragatinA kAryakramanA amalamAM temane vizeSa rasa rahyo che. mAnavajAtanA vikAsamAM ane guptadAnamAM vizeSa mAne che. bhArata ane videza pravAsa karyo che. ghaNA vividha anubhavenA tANAvANA vacce pasAra thayAM che. vartamAnapatro ane sAmAyikemAM temaNe prasaMgopAta lekho ApyA che. khetInA pitAnA vyavasAyamAM svabaLe AgaLa vadhyA che. 1931 thI 40 sudhIno samaya jApAnamAM gALe tyAM paNuM eka bhAratIya janane zobhe tevA saMskAra ane khAnadAnInA darzana karAvyA tyArabAda muMbaImAM AvI kApaDanI lAinanAM Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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942 dhaMdhAmAM sthira thayAM, nitithI be paisA kamAyA je sa`patti temaNe sanmArge vAparI. samAja sevAnA sArvajanika kAmomAM Izvare jANe zrI maNIlAlabhAInA lalATeja yaza kalagI nirmANa karI haze eTale muMbaimAM ghaNI sAMsthAe sAthe sakaLAyelA che. muMbaImAM peAtAnI muLajI jeThA mArakITamA geApAlagalImAM je peAtAnA nAmanI dukAna hatI te dukAna pAte peAtAnA hAtheja saMvata 1981nA Aso zuda 3 ne gurUvAre khAlI hatI. te dukAnane 40 varasa purAM thavAnI rAha jotA hatA. saMvata 2021 mAM 40 varasa thayAM tyAre teo muLajI jeThA kApaDa mArakITanAM zrI mArakeTa sIlka maraca'Tasa esosIezananAM pramukha tarIke sAtamuM varasa cAlatu hatu eTale esosIezananAM dabANathI be varasa vadhu calAvyuM ane 2023nI dIvALIe dukAna ATopI lIdhI. dhIme dhIme nava mANasA hatA te kAme lAgI gayA ane eseAsIezanane navA pramukhanA meLa karI daine 2024 nAM vepAra mAtrathI vidAyagIrI lIdhI eTale ke 64 varasanI umare taMdurastI hatI ane AjIvIkAnuM sAdhana hatu muDI vadhAravAnI jarApaNa lAlaca na hatI va! be dIkarIo hAIskUlamAM bhaNatI hatI, tathI tenA zikSaNanA phIkara hatI je Aje moTI B. Com. mAM pAdAra kolejamAM zikSaNa le che ane nAnI InTara sAyansamAM Sci kelejamAM zikSaNa le che. jayAre bhA. maNIlAla kezavalAla khetANI. (1) zrI ghATakopara sArvajanIka jIvadayA khAtu (2) zrI ghATakopara sAvajanIka chAza kendra (3) zrI ghATakopara smazAna bhUmi. '' (4) zrI ghATakopara hindusabha nA kAmakAja saMbhALe che uparAMta saurASTramAM amarelImAM hastI dharAvatI sva. zrI. harIlAla kezavajI " tANI dazAzrImALI jaina ArDiMganA khajAnacI tarIke uparAMta vaDIA jaina pAThazALAnuM saMcAlana mukhaImAM karI rahela che. Aje eketeramu varasa che eTale have thoDAM vakhatamAM tadRna nivRttinI AzA sAthe saurASTramAM AvI javAneA irAdA dharAve che ane janatA paisA khAtara bhraSTAcAranA mArge vaLI che tene nIti ane a MteASanA mArge vadhavAnA vicAra karI rahela che. paramakRpALu paramAtmAnI IcchA haze to pAra paDaze nahItara harI icchA. zrI mahendrabhAI kRSNalAla jhaverI zrI mahendrabhAI jhaverI bharUcanA vatanI che. temanI patnInuM nAma huMsAbahena B. A. saMtAna-nikhila (u. va. 12) (mAtra eka) eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 zrI mahendrabhAI muMbaI yunivarsiTImAMthI itihAsa ane rAjyazAstra sAthe B. A. samAjazAstra zAthe M. A. ane ekAunTasI sAthe B. Com. thayAM. jUna 1960 mAM nilanI enDa aravinda ArTasa kaoNlejamAM samAjazAstranA vyAkhyAtA tarIke joDAyA. 1968 dhI saradAra paTela yuni. nA anusnAtaka vibhAgamAM samAjazAstranA vyAkhyAtA tarIke kAma karI rahyA che. 1965 mAM 'adhyApakonA dhArmika mUlyA' nA viSayamAM sa Mzodhana kArya karyuM jenA niSkarSoM judA judA saMzodhanAtmaka janevAmAM prasiddha thayA che. 1967 mAM ' bhAratIya samAja ' tathA 1968 mAM" soLamI sadInuM bhArata 'ema e pustakA prasiddha thayA. A uparAMta aneka lekha gujarAtI tathA aMgre jImAM prakAzita thayA che. ghaNA ja nikhAlasa ane nispRhi vyati tarIke jANItA che. zrI mahIdAsa premajIbhAi adhazraddhAno e jamAneA hatA kurUDhIe ane kurivAjo sAme virodhanA eka paNa zabda uccAravA ke paDakAravA e jIvate mAtane nAtaravA jevu hatu evA e jamAnAmAM varSo pahelA A samAjanA jhaMDA lai AgaLa AvI samAjamAM cAlatI zatAmI adalA sAme jagatAta nAmanu mAsika zarU karI peAtAnI tejasvI kalama calAvI hatI. sAmAjika avarodheA sAme baMDa pokArIne lokone jamAnAne anurUpa thavA hAkala karI hatI. saMskRta-kha MgALI gujarAtI bhASA uparanA sArA evA kAbu hatA. temanA lekhA ane kaTAromAM temanA hRdayanuM pratibiMba dekhAtu hatu. temAM krAMti nI bhAvanA prajavaLatI. paTela jJAtimAM dRDha maneAbaLa dharAvatA spaSTa vakatA ane TekIlA purUSa tarIke khyAtanAma che. zikSaNa kSetre temaNe jIvana samarpaNa karyuM. junAgaDha vibhAga emanA kAryakSetra vistAra 1930 mAM Arya samAja maMDaLa sthApyuM. tenA pramukha tarIke yazasvI kAmakayuM. sAhityakAra lekhaka ane kalamajIvI tarIke jIvavAmAM teozrIe gaurava mAnyuM. bhImajIbhAi rUDAbhAI vagere sAthIonI sAthe rahIne jJAti sudhAraNAmAM AgaLa paDatA bhAga lIdhe| ane eja emanA jIvananu dhyeya banyu. zikSaNa sAhitya ane samAja sudhArAne kSetre temanI anupama sevAe lAke Aje yAda kare che. ane ekamAtra A samAjanI pravRtti dvArA emaNe je kheDANa karyuM. te smaraNIya che. bahuja nAnI u MmaramAM temaNe temanI pratibhAnA camakAre khatAbyA. rASTravyApI AjhAdInA laDatanA maMDANa vakhate

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 943 leone jAgRta karavAmAM ghaNo moTo phALo Ape che. teo kArya zarU kareluM-sAthe sAthe ja abhyAsa 1965 sudhI judIjudI jeTalA nirAbhimAnI eTalAja nikhAlasa. samAja sevAne zALAomAM zikSaNakArya karyuM. 1965 thI Aja dina sudhI temane vAraso zrI mehanabhAI paTela jALavI rahyAM che. suratanI ema TI. bI. ArTasa kolejamAM itihAsa vibhAgamAM morabInI aneka sAmAjika saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. lekacarara che. zrI mukundabhAI nAthAlAla zeTha prakAzane - kolejanA vidyArthIo mATenAM pri. yuni. ArTasa, epha. vAya. bI. e; esa. vAya. bI. e. mATe dhoLakAnA jAhera jIvana sAthe saMkaLAyelA jANItA eDa sAta jeTalI Tekasa bukasa sahalekhaka sAthe lakhI che. abhyAsa vokeTa zrI mukuMdabhAI zeTha 1940 thI vyavasAyanI zarUAta lekhe judAM judAM megejhInamAM prasiddha thayA che. temane priya karI 1944 mAM prekaTIsa choDIne eka tAlukadArI sTeITanA viSaya itihAsa saMsakRti che. emAM paNa prAcIna samaya vadhu mukhya kArabhArI tarIke kAmagIrI zarU karI paNa saMjogovazAta te choDIne pharI 1952 mAM vakIlAta zarU karI je Aja sudhI priya che lekasAhitya paNa temane zokhane viSaya rahyo che citrakalA paNa hAIskUla jIvanathI Ajadina sudhI karatAM rahyAM cAlu che. sevAbhAvI sAmAjika saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. dhoLakA tAlukAnI InDIyana reDakrosa sesAyaTInA upapramukha zrI maNIbhAI goradhanabhAI brahmabhaTTa tarIke, dhoLakA ejyukezana sesAyaTInA mAnadamaMtrI tarIke, mahAlakSmI mAtA TrasTanA menejIMga TrasTI tarIke dazA poravADa zikSaNa kSetre zrI maNIbhAI jI. brahmabhaTTanI siddhio nAtanA menejIMga TrasTI tarIke dhULakA sahakArI grAhaka vastu mATe gujarAtane brahmabhaTTa samAja gaurava anubhave che. bhaMDArane upapramukha tarIke tathA kArobArI kamiTinA pramukha tarIke che. ema aneka sthAne upara temanI sevA jANItI kheDA jillAnA nAranA vatanI ghaNA samayathI amadAvAdane banI che. kAryakSetre banAvyuM che. bacapaNathI ja zikSaNa keLavaNI ne kSetre AgaLa vadhavAnI umeda sevI hatI. emanI e mahatyA bhUtakALamAM paNa trIza varSe myunisipAlITInA sabhya kAMkSAne kudarate yArI ApI ane bI. esaesI. esa. TI. tarIke 18 (aDhAra) mAsa myu. pramukha tarIke ane anya keTa- sI. bI. eDa. sudhIno abhyAsa prApta karyo. zikSaNa saMsthAlIka kamiTinA ceramena tarIke ghaNI madhura suvAsa ubhI karI e ubhI karavA emaNe zarUAtamAM je parizrama uThAvyo che che. temaNe dhoLakAnA vividha kSetre dAnanI saravANI paNa vahetI tenAthI samagra samAja suparacita che. rAkhI che. dhoLakA kelejamAM rUpiyA be hajAranuM dAna garIba vidyAthIo pustako vagere mATe ApyAM. dhULakAnA vikAsa zrI maNIbhAIe jIvananI zarUAta 1946 thI 1958 mATe khAsa karIne zaikSaNika pravRttiomAM temane vizeSa rasa che. sudhI sAmAnya zikSaka tarIke rahIne karI. 1958 amadAvAdamAM gujarAta rAjya mAdhyamika zALA saMcAlaka maMDaLanA kArobArInA mitrenA sahIyArA sahakArI jJAnayajJa-vidyA vihAranI sthApanA teo sabhya che. temanI sArI evI sevA che. dhoLakAnI ghaNI karI. zubha AzayathI ane umadA hetuthI zarU karelI zubha saMsthAonuM saMcAlana kare che. temane keLavaNImAM vizeSa rasa | pravRtti pAMgarIne vaTavRkSa banI. che. temanA patnI sumana mukunda zeTha bhAvanagara sara takhtasihajI hospITalamAMthI rITAyarDa thaI atyAre ghara saMbhALe che. nirmaLa-nikhAlasa temano svabhAva jJAtibaMdhuone madadarUpa rAjyasabhAnA sabhya zrI manubhAI zAha temanA mAmAnA dIkarA banavAnI bhAvanA ane dhArmika sahiSNutAne laI emanuM jIvana bhAI thAya che. aneka rIte Adarzamaya banyuM. zrI ema bI meghANI svAminArAyaNa saMpradAya bocAsaNanA brahmasvarUpa pUjya yogIjI mahArAjanA rUDA AzirvAda sAMpaDayA. khaMta pUrvakane saurASTra bhAvanagara jillAmAM beTAda pAse turakhAmAM purUSArtha, e badhAne samanvaya sAdhI pitAnuM viziSTa sthAna janma tA. 24-10-34 zikSaNa, prAthamika zikSaNa turakhAnI mA zAradAne caraNe dhayuM". jJAna jIvana ejayukezana TrasTanA. gAmaThI zALAmAM ane thoDuM amadAvAdamAM gujarAta vidyApITha menejIMga TrasTI akSara purUSottama svAminArAyaNa saMsthA amadAvAdamAMthI S.S.C. pAsa prathama varga 1956 ela. DI. bocAsaNanA TrasTa, jJAnahAIskUlanA prinsIpAla jJAnayajJa ATarsa keleja (1956-60)mAM bIe mukhya viSaya artha. ga9rsa hAIskulanA menejara, jyota TrasTa-dilhI cakalAnA zAstra ane gauNa viSaya rAjazAstra 1963mAM pharIvAra bI.e. menejIMga TrasTI, jJAnayajJa mAlavidyA vihAranA vyavasthApaka, itihAsa-saMskRti sAthe 1965mAM itihAsa sAthe ema. e. ta kanyA vidyAlaya dilhI cakalAnA menejara, mAdhyamika (yunivarsiTImAM dvitIya) 1956 thI ja meTrika thaIne zikSaNa zALA saMcAlaka saMgha amadAvAdanA upapramukha, gujarAta Jain Education Intemational

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mAdhyamika zALA saMcAlaka saMghanA DelIgeTa akhila bhArata bhaTTa-brAhmaNu mahAsabhAnA sekreTarI gujarAta brahmabhaTTa maMDaLane sekreTarI, brahmabhaTTa maMDaLa amadAvAdanA sekreTarI bahada gujarAta saMskRta pariSada prA.saM.vi. parIkSA borDanA amadAvAdanA adhyakSa, vAlI ziddhaka maMDaLanI kArobArInA sabhya, gujarAta yunivarsiTI korTamAM mAdhyamika zALAonA AcAryonI eka mahatvanI beThaka upara cuMTAyelA sabhya. gujarAta yuni.nI ekajhIkayuTIva akAunsIlamAM nAmadAra garvanara niyukata sabhya. ema aneka saMsthAomAM sakriya sevA ApI rahyA che. bhUtakALamAM paNa amadAvAdamAM zAhapura daravAjA bahAranA vikasatA vistAranI jarUrIyAte jaIne prAthamika ane mAdhyamika zALAonI sthApanA karI zAhapura rDanI sAmAjika pravRttiomAM rasa laIe pravRttine vikasAvI. amadAvAda zaheranI mAdhyamika zALAonA AcArya maMDaLa ane saMcAlaka maMDaLamAM sabhya, maMtrI upapramukha ke pramukhanA hede rahI maMDaLanI pravRttio dvArA zaheranI mAdhyamika keLavaNImAM temaNe sugya phALo ApyAM. bhArata-bharanA mukhya zaheramAM zrI svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyanA vikAsa mATe pragaTa brahmasvarUpa pUjya pramukha svAmImahArAja sAthe vicaraNane lAbha lIdhe. pUrva AphrikAnA nAyabI kampAlA, Tore, dAresalAma svAnjhA, jhIMjhA, gula, kIsumu vagere suprasidhdha kendromAM brahmasvarUpa pUjya gIjI mahArAja sAthe pharI akSara purUSottamanI upAsanA upara dhArmika pravacana ApyAM. bhAratanA uttara pUrva dakSiNa ane pazcimanA tIrthasthAne aitihAsika zahera ane baMdaro, pUrva AphrikAnA kenyA yugAnDA ane TAnjhAnIyAnA mukhya zaheromAM dharma yAtrAne saphaLa pravAsa karyo. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 sImenTa ane piInTasanA dhaMdhAmAM sthira thayAM. kame kame dhaMdhAmAM bhAre moTI siddhi hAMsala karI ane lAkho rUpIyA kamAyAM. - kuTuMbanA ghaNA mANasane muMbaI belAvI laI dhaMdhAmAM saune samAveza karyo ane bahoLA kuTuMbane jIvananI salAmatI bakSI kamAyelI A kuMjane dAnanI saritAmAM palTI nAkhanAra sva. zrI. manoradAsa chaganalAla tathA viThaladAsa chaganalAla lAkho pati banyA chatAM garIbIne raMga bhUlyA nahI. temanI mAnavatA paNa jAgI uThI. A banne bhAIonI preraNA ane udAra manovRttithI bhAvanagaranuM satyanArAyaNamaMdira jazenAtha maMdiranI gItA pAThazALA, phI DIspensarI kheDIyAra maMdiranI dharmazALA, sonagaDhanuM seneToriyama, zrI nAthajImAM maMdirane arpaNa karAyele AlIzAna baMgale, bhAvanagaramAM jJAtinA madhyamavagI mANasene sATe sastA bhADAnI cAlI, zaikSaNika saMsthAomAM nAnI moTI deNagI Ama sAtathI ATha lAkha rUpIyAnI sakhAvata anekone AzirvAda rUpa banI che, dAnadharmanI A prakriyAmAM temanA suputra zrI ramaNIkabhAIe bhAre moTI udAratAnI pratIti karAvI e paraMparAne cAlu rAkhI che. jagadIza maMdiranA jirNoddhAramAM zrI manoradAsabhAIne bhAre moTo hise che. zrI mamubhAI maracanTa bhAratanA gauravazALI udyogapatiomAM gujarAtI udyogapationuM AgavuM sthAna rahyuM che. kAryadakSa ane AzAspada yuvAna udyogapati zrI mammu bhAI maracanTane paNa sAhasika ratnanI prathama haroLamAM mUkI zakAya tema che. ghaNuM ja neka dila ane pagaja svabhAvanA, zrI mammubhAI bhAvanagaranA vatanI che. iMglenDa amerikA ane anya dezamAM ucca keLavaNI prApta karavAne sadabhAgI banI zakayA che. dhadhAnA vikAsArthe yuropanA ghaNA dezonuM paribhramaNa paNa karyuM che. nAnapaNathI vyApArI kSetre kAMIka karI chuTavAne manasuba sevanAra zrI mammubhAIe pitAnI tejasvI buddhipratibhAne laI svabaLe AgaLa vadhyA. bhAvanagaramAM ja sAhilarAja InDasTrIjhanuM saphaLa saMcAlana karI rahyA che. muMbaInA vyApArI samAjamAM paNa teozrInuM agragaNya sthAna ubhu thayuM che. reTarI kalabanA pramukha tarIke, bhAvanagara myunisipAlITInA membara tarIke, bhAvanagara oIla mIlarsa esosIezananA zrI maNIbhAI brahmabhaTTa mA sarasvatinA ananya upAsaka che. sidhdhinAM sopAna sara karI yazakalagInA sAceja adhikArI banyA che. sva. zrI manoradAsa chaganalAla sva. zrI viThaladAsa chaganalAla AjathI varSo pahelA sAmAnya paristhitimAM nokarI dhaMdhArthe muMbaI jaI mAtra paMdara rUpIyAnA pagArathI jIvananI zarUAta karI AkarA parizrama ane sva purUSArtha baLe AgaLa AvI ujavaLa jIvananI pagadaMDI ubhI karanAra zrI maradAsa chaganalAla tathA temanA baMdhu zrI viThaladAsa chaganalAla A baMdhu belaDIe garIbI sAme jhajhUmIne aneka tANAvANA vaccethI pasAra thayAM aneka taDakAchAMyA joyAM ane chevaTe lokhaMDa zarUAta sabaI jaI kalA sAmAjI Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 945 pramukha tarIke jhaLakatI kArakIrdi pasAra karI che. eka pratiSThita AgevAna udyogapati tarIke samAjamAM temanuM ghaNuja uMcu sthAna che. jAne te 1Na saMrakana graMthe bhAvanagaramAM maracaMTa parivAre dAnagaMgAnI je deNagI vahAvIne je ujajavaLa bhAta karI che te parivAranA ja eka agraNI zrI mammubhAIe zaheranA sAmAjika vikAsamAM yazasvI phALo Ape che. bhAvanagaramAM AdhyAtmika vAtAvaraNa phelAvavAmAM temaNe yazasvI phALe Ape. teo DokaTara hovA chatAM, saMskRta bhASAne temane abhyAsa adabhUta hatA teo saMskRta graMthe sahelAIthI vAMcI zakatA eTaluM ja nahi paNa saMskRtamAM vyAkhyAne paNa ApI zakatA. De. mAnabhAI prakhara thIophIsTa paNa hatA. thIesephInA sidhdhAMtane pracAra karavAmAM sakriya rasa letA hatA. eka samRddha ane pavitra jIvananI suvAsa mukI saM 150 mAM teo avasAna pAmyA. Aje temanA nAnA putra De. ajItarAya temanuM davAkhAnuM calAve che. temanuM jIvana dhArmika vAcanathI ane dharma pAlanathI otapreta che. dAna e emanI priya pravRtti che. zaktizALI A yuvAna udyogapatie pitAnI kAbeliyatathI pitAnA vepAra ane udyogane uttarottara utkarSa sAdhIne pitAnA bahoLA kuTuMbane paNa utkarSa sAdhe. dharma ane samAja sevAnA kAme paNa vadhu ne vadhu pramANamAM karatAM rahyAM. vAsIyA Arthika, sAmAjika ane dhArmikakSetre pite ghaNI pragati pAmyA che. temanuM Akhue kuTumba sevA bhAvanAthI ane dhArmika raMge raMgAyeluM che. sevAne kSetre zrI mammubhAIe je jALavyuM che emanI e sevA bhAvanAne baLavattara banAvavAmAM temanA dharma patnine yazasvI phALo rahyo che. svabaLe saMpAdita karelI lakSmIne sadavyaya karavAnI preraNA ApavAmAM temanA dharmapatninI udAra manavRtti vizeSa kAraNabhUta che. zikSaNa-sAhityane kSetre vizeSa rasa levAnA temanA svabhAva ane saguNane laI vadhAre prazasti maLI che. DekaTara zrI mAnazaMkara gaurIzaMkara ojhA. manI vihatA eTale zrI mAdhavajIbhAI ravajIbhAI saMghavI zAMta vyaktitva ane nikhAlasa svabhAva jemanAmAM najare caDe che te zrI mAdhavajIbhAI saMghavI saiArASTranA sAvarakuMDalA pAsenA vAMsIyALI gAmanA vatanI che. temanI mahatvAkAMkSA ane sArU karI chUTavAnI bhAvanAe temaNe muMbaI AvI khUba ja parizrama veThIne raMga-rasAyaNanA dhaMdhAmAM bhavAnIdAsa gaMgAdAsanI peDhImAM bhAgIdAra tarIke kAma karIne dhaMdhAmAM sArI pragati karI ane dhIme dhIme sane 1884 nI sAlamAM temaNe pitAne svataMtra bIjanesa zarU karyo. temanI zubha bhAvanA ane udAratAe temanI dhaMdhAmAM khUba pragati thaI. vAMsIyALIthI hRdayamAM hAma bhIDIne nIkaLyA hatA eTale temanI kAryadakSatA temaja vyApAramAM temanI vicakSaNa buddhi kasoTInI eraNa para caDI ane saphaLa thayA. uttarottara dhaMdhAmAM vikAsa thato rahyo. ane saMpattivAna banyA. garIbonI yAtanAne pratyakSa anubhava hatA. duHkha joyeluM eTale AMkha mIcIne vatanamAM ane anya sthaLe lakSmIne sAro upaga karavA mAMDyA, sAdA saMyamI ane dharma parAyaNa jIvananI udAratA temanI hatI. zrI mAvajIbhAI dAmajIbhAI zAha bhAvanagara zaheramAM temano janma thayo. nAnI vayamAM ja mAtApitAnuM avasAna thayuM ane bhAre moTA saMgharSo vacce jIvananI zarUAta thaI jaina munIvaryonI temanA taraphanI preraNAne laI samaya jatAM eka AzAspada sitArAnI jema camakayA. kAzInA vidyAbhyAsa daramyAna tyAMnA dhArmika zikSaNe tenAM mana upara jabarajasta asara karI. taDakA chAMyA vacce temanuM jIvana ghaDatara thayuM. dhArmika zikSaNa tarapha temanI niSThA ananya ane ajoDa hatI zikSakapada mATe temanA hRdayamAM ati gauravabharyuM sthAna hatuM ane samasta jIvana temAM ja kharyuM ane hajAro vidyAthIonA jIvananuM ghaDatara karI eka uttama 'jIvana zilpI' nuM bIrUda pAmyA. temanI lekhanaprakAzana pravRttio 76 jeTalA uttama prakAzane samAjane caraNe dharyA. jaina munI zrI vijayadharmasUrijInAM zabdomAM kahIete teo vartamAna kALanAM zrAvaka saMghamAM eka Adarza gRhastha hatA. temanA jIvanamAM jaina zAsana pratye avicaLa jyAre bhAvanagaramAM kaI khAnagI davAkhAnA na hatAM te jamAnAmAM saM 1901mAM Do. mAnabhAIe potAnuM davAkhAnuM zarU karyuM hatuM. taddana nirdhana avasthAmAM teno bAlyakALa ane abhyAsanA varSo vityAM hatAM. Do mAnabhAI meDIkala kolejamAM gayAM tyAM sudhI temanA mAtuzrI gaurIbAne jAhera kuvAmAMthI pANI sIMcI gharanuM pANI bharavAmAM madada karatA. DokaTarI vyavasAya mAM temane ThIka ThIka pratiSThA maLI paNa temanA vicArane jhoka adhyAtmavAda tarapha vaLatA jatA hatA. De. mAnabhAI sva abhyAsathI saMskRta bhASAnA niSNAta banyA arthaveda ane Tvedane temane abhyAsa ane tenA rahasyo samajAvavAnI temanI naisagika zaktithI bhAvanagaranA paMDite vidvAna ane vedAbhyAsIomAM temanI prasaMzA thavA lAgI. bhAgavatagItA samRti sahitA vagere dharmagraMthane UMDe abhyAsa karI temaja te upara vyAkhyAne, carcAo vageremAM bhAga laI Jain Education Intenational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 zraddhA hatI devagurU-dharmanA teo ananya upAsaka hatA. pote prApta karela jJAna phakata upayoga puratuM sAcavI na rAkhatA jaina samAjanA bALakomAM dharmazraddhA ane dhArmika AcAra vicAranA pAyA ropyA-temanA jJAnano lAbha sAdhu-sAdhvIone paNa maLe. temane kavitva zaktinI-kudaratI bakSIkSa hatI. temanI kalama akhkhalita kAma ApatI hatI. temanAmAM sadguNenI suvAsa ThIka ! mANamAM pragaTa thayelI hatI. arihaMta - arihaMtanAMja dhyAnamAM AyuSyanI samApti thavI eja jIvananuM sAcuM saravaiyuM che. e sAcA saravaiyAnA amuka pramANamAM teo adhikArI banI zakyA hatA. banI che. cembara opha komarsa ane bIjA audyogika sAhaso maracanTa sTIla korpo. tathA hilarAja InDasTrIjha vagere sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. bhAvanagara jillAnI sAmAjika pravRttine haMmezA pretsAhana ApyuM che. temano aMgata purUSArtha ane hajAra rUpIAnA dAnathI vadhAre lokapriya banyA svabhAve spaSTa nikhAlasa ane sahadayI che. lIdheluM kAma koIpaNa bhoge purU karavAnI temanI dhyeyalakSitA te temanA jIvana sAphalyanI cAvI che, jyAre paNa taka maLe tyAre sAmAjika kAryo karavAnuM kadApI bhUlyA nathI, tana-mana-dhanathI jeTale bhega ApI zakAya te ApavAmAM jarAya pAchI pAnI karatA nathI. temaNe karelA dAna bIjAo anukaraNa kare tevA dAkhalAo besADyA che, Aje paNa aneka saMsthAomAM temane dAna pravAha cAlu ja che. kanyA keLavaNInA paNa pUrA AgrahI che. mAnava sevAnA dareka kAmamAM lakSmIne sad upayoga karI potAnuM nAma sArthaka karavA sAthe kuTuMbanuM nAma paNa ujALyuM che. bhAvanagaranuM teo gaurava che. bIjamAM madhuratA hoya to phalamAM avazya madhuratA Ave temanA putra zrI jayaMtabhAimAM e saMskAra vArase utaryo jayaMtabhAIne mATe mAvajIbhAI Adarza pitA hatA tema mAvajIbhAI mATe yaMtabhAI e eka Adarza putra tarIkenI nAmanA meLavI che. sva. zrI mAvajIbhAI haribhAI pArekha. calALAnA pArekha kuTumbamAM janmelA zrI. mAvajIbhAI haribhAI pArekha paraMparAgata bhagavataparAyaNatA pAraNumAMthI pIdhelA hAI yuvAvasthAthIja sanyAsIo jJAnio, mahAtmAo sAthe temane saMparka vadhato gayo. pitAne mAthe bahoLA pArekha kuTumbano roTale raLavAnI javAbadArI nAnI uMmarathI ja AvI paDelI. gAmaDA gAmanI kApaDanI dukAnanI maryAdita AmadAnI hovA chatA jIvanamAM pramANikatA, satya parAyaNatA ane nItimatAne saMpUrNapaNe vaLagI rahyA. jIvanayAtrA samatolapaNe calAvatA hatA. DuM bhaNelA paNa jhAjhuM vyavahArI paNuM gaNelA, eTale gAmanI janatAno vizvAsa saMpAdana karI zakayA. pariNAme kai paNa be pakSe vaccenI gerasamajUtI, jhaghaDe, jIo, takarAra patAvavAnuM temane mAthe AvI paDatuM, ane tene yogya nyAya ApI banne pakSenI prazaMsA prApta karI zakatA satsaMgIo sAthenA samAgama dhArmika pustakonuM vAMcana, zravaNa, manana vagerethI jJAnamArge ThIka ThIka prayANa karI zakelA. pUrA 87 varSanI uMmare paMcatatva pAmyA tyAM sudhI saMpUrNa zAMti. mAnasika AnaMda ane samAdhAna pUrvaka mAnava jIvanane saphaLatA prApta karavI. zeThazrI musA hAjI patarAvAlA - saurASTra je keTalAMka dAnavIra ratno ane AgevAna udyogapationI samAjane bheTa ApI che temAM zeThazrI musAbhAIne mUkI zakAya. bhAvanagaranA godhA baMdarathI sAmAnya sthitimAM ghaNA samaya pahelA muMbaI AvyA zikSaNa purU lIdhu na lIdhu ane purUSArthane yajJa AraMbhyo. dhaMdhAmAM jhaMpalAvyuM ane pitAnI tIvra budhdhi ane tejasvItAne laIne vyApArI bajAramAM nAma kADhayuM. dezanI sArvatrika pragatine khUba khUba madada karavA sAthe sAthe sAMskRtika ane zaikSaNika pravRtine paNa vega A dhaMdhAmAM jema jema be paisA kamAtA gayA tema dilanI udAratA vadhatI gaI ane dAna gaMgA zarU rAkhI khudAne Aja taka usa kaumakI hAlata nahIM badalI. na ho jIsake khyAla khuda apanI hAlata badalanekA. A sUtrane dhyAnamAM rAkhI cheka samRddhinA zikhare pahoMcyA chatAM lamInI madabharI chATano emane sparza thayo nathI. muMbaI amadAvAda ane dilhInAM emanA kArakhAnAmAM 60 TakAthI vadhAre kAmadAro mAtra goghAnA ja che. sau kAmadAronI satatapaNe khabara aMtara pUchatA rahetA kAmadArone sArA narasA prasaMge tamAma prakArane sahakAra A kuTuMba taraphathI maLato rahe. eka kuTuMbanA vaDA tarIke vAtsalyabharyuM AzvAsana saune ApyA karyuM hatuM. temaNe jIvanabhara dharma, nIti ane saccAI pratye prema keLavyA-pacAvyA. temane A ujajavaLa vAraso temanA suputra zrI yAkubabhAI, zrI ganIbhAI vageree jALavI rAkhe che. temane tyAMthI kadI keI nirAza thaIne pAchu gayuM nathI. nAnA moTA aneka phaMDaphALAmAM A kuTuMbe sArI evI zrI mAsumaalIbhAI maracanTa bhAvanagara vejITebala TreDakaTasa lI. nA mULa saMsthApakomAnA eka zrI mAsumabhAI bhAvanagaranA agraNI udyogapati che. temanI kAryakSamatA, dIrdhadaSTi, sAhasika vRtti ane uDI samajane pariNAme deza paradeza sAthenA vyApAramAM saphaLatA ane pragatimaya vikAsa sAdhyo ane sArI evI nAmanA meLavI che. jAhera kSetramAM emanI kArakirdi ghaNI ja ujajavaLa Jain Education Intenational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha deNagI ApI che. zrI yAkubabhAI muMbaInI anekavidha temaNe sarakArI dakhalagIrI karAvavA mAMDI jethI navA vepAsaMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. rIonuM hIta jokhamAyuM anya vepArI bhAIonA sahakArathI navuM esesIezana dhI bekhe kalara enDa kemIkala maracanTasa zrI mulajIbhAI somAbhAI brahmabhaTTa esesIezana sthApyuM ane varaso sudhI tenA mAnad maMtrI zrI mulajIbhAI semAbhAI brahmabhaTTa (hAla muMbaI) tarIke temaNe kAma karyuM lAgatA vaLagatA sattAvALAone naDiyAda (cha kheDA) nA vatanI che, bALapaNa muMbaImAM gALI aMgata rIte temaja DelIgezanamAM maLIne sAcI vastusthiti mAtAnI bImArIne lIdhe naDiyAda rahevuM paDyuM ane gujarAtI samajAvI navA vepArIo mATe ghaNI rAhata meLavI. cothA dhoraNathI meTrIka sudhI naDiyAdamAM abhyAsa karyo. caudame varase mAtAnuM sukha gumAvyuM pU. gAMdhIjInI asahakAranI vizvayuddha pachI yuropamAM kApaDa TekanolojImAM ghaNI caLavaLa daramIyAna sarakArI hAiskUla cheDIne rASTriya zALAmAM pragati thaI. phakta eka ja vakhata pherasilera nAmanA kemIkalamAM joDAyA ane vidyApIThanA vinita (meTrIka) thayA. mahatvAkAMkSA kapaDAMne pAMca mInITa baLI, nIcavIne sukavavAthI tenuM TakAu tA dAkatara banavAnI hatI paraMtu vidyApITha sarakAra mAnya pazu bamaNuM thAya evI navIna dha eka haMgerIyana vijJAnahi hovAthI sArA mArkathI pAsa thayA hovA chatAM meDIkala nike karI. tenI peDhI sAthe vepArI karAra karavA tathA phera kolejamAM praveza na maLe chevaTe muMbaInI dIvase keleja opha silera bhAratamAM banAvavAnI kAnunI vyavasthA karavA bhArata kemarsamAM sane 1925 mAM dAkhala thaI benkanA ophIsare mATe sarakAranI paravAnagIthI sane 1953 mAM ane bIjI vAra levAta laMDananI sarTiphAIDa esosIeTa epha insTITayuTa opha sane 1955 mAM yuropane pravAsa karyo sane 1956nI beMkarsa ( C. A. I. B.) nI parikSA sArA mArkathI pAsa karI nI 1 lI jAnevArInA roja muMbaimAM phekaTarInuM A abhyAsa daramIyAna muMbaI raMgarasAyaNanI brITIza kaMpanI uddaghATana karyuM ane te prasaMge phrAnsanI te peDhInA DAyarekaTara mesarsa impIrIyala kemIkala InDasTrIjha lI. mAM sane 1927 zrI mulajIbhAInA AmaMtraNathI khAsa muMbaI AvyA khAdI nA sapTembarathI joDAyA-temanA kAmathI saMteSa pAmIne kaMpa. kamIzane zarUAtathI sAre rasa lIdhe. ane 1957 mAM nInI navI zAkhA amadAvAdamAM sane 1929nA me mAsamAM indoramAM bharAyelA koMgresa adhivezanamAM khAdI kamIzananA kholI tyAre tyAMnA ekAunTanTa tarIke temanI nimaNuMka karI. pradarzanamAM khAsa apavAdarUpe kamIzananA kharce temane eka kaMpanInA ceramena temanI vArSika mulAkAtanI rIporTamAM zrI moTo Tola ApavAmAM Avyo. (phadata hAtha banAvaTanI khAdI muLajIbhAInI kAryakSamatAnI prasaMzA karatAM lakhyuM ke hiMdustA ane pramANita vastuoja A pradarzanamAM mUkAya che.) ane nanI ophIsamAM AvI javAbadArI bharI jagA upara zrI te sTolanI mulAkAte sva. zrI javAharalAla naherU, sva. zrI brahmabhaTTa nAnAmAM nAnI uMmaranA che. te vakhate temanI uMmara lAlabahAdurazAstrI, zrImatI IndIrA gAMdhI zrI merArajI desAI 22 varasanI hatI. kAryakSamatA tathA mIlanasAra svabhAvathI zrI hitendrabhAI desAI, kegresa pramukha zrI ucharaMgarAya Dhebara temaNe yuropIyana ophIsano sAra AdarabhAva meLavyuM hatuM. ane ghaNu kAryaktao AvyA. dhIraja pUrvaka samajIne sAro utsAha batAvyuM ane khAlI utpAdana kendrone pherasilera sane 1930-31nI asahakAra ane brITIza mAlanA vAparavAne anurodha karyo. gharagaththu vaparAza mATe paNa nAnA bahISkAranI caLavaLane lIdhe kaMpanIe amadAvAdanI ophIsa pekIMgamAM bajAramAM mUko. kApaDanI mIlenI najara A sane 1931nA aMtamAM baMdha karI temane pAchA muMbaI bolAvI presa upara paDI ane temaNe sAre e sahakAra Ape. lIdhA. kaMpanInA janarala menejare sane 1936 mAM raMganA dhaMdhA uparAMta sAmAjIka kSetre paNa teo sAre rasa le che. vecANa vibhAgamAM mUkyA. varasethI dhaMdhA mATenI sevelI 1936-38mAM muMbaI brahmabhaTTa maMDaLanA maMtrI tarIke sevAjhaMkhanA pUrI thAya tevA saMjogo maMDayA. khaMta ane zramapUrvaka kArya karyuM. 1946-47 nA komI hullaDa prasaMge temanA raMganI TekanIkala bAbatane abhyAsa na hovA chatAM temaNe | mATuMgA vibhAganI saMrakSaNa samitinA pramukha tarIke hatA. te jANI lIdhI, je temane bhaviSyamAM dhaMdhAmAM ghaNI upayogI sane 1953mAM eka vakhatanA kendranA pradhAna zrI ema. sI. nIvaDI sane 1940 mAM nekarInuM rAjInAmuM ApI pitAne reDDInI AgevAnI nIce yu. ena. o nI phuDa enDa egrIsvataMtra dhaMdho zarU karyo. ophIsanA udghATananA divase ke- kalacara eraganAIjhezananA tenA prema (ITAlI) adhivezanamAM nInA dareka yuropIyana ophIsare hAjara rahI zubhecchA darzAvI nirakSaka sabhya ( OBSERVER MEMBER) tarIke dhIraja ane zramapUrvaka dinapratidina pragati karatA gayA te gayA hatA ane tenI oraDIzana saba kamITImAM bhAga samaye raMgabajAramAM ghaNA navA vepArIo dAkhala thayA ane lIdhe hate. sane 1943 mAM zrI brahmabhaTTa vidyotejaka maMDaLanA temAnAM ghaNu anubhavI ane dhaMdhAkIya lAgavaga vALA hatA. vaDodarAmAM baMdhAtA chAtrAlayanA makAnamAM senTrala hela bAMdhavA junA sthApita hItene A rUchyuM nahi. lAgavaga vAparIne rU. 2000)nuM dAna ApeluM zrI brahmabhaTTa vidyottejaka maMDaLanA Jain Education Intemational

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948 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 varasethI murabbI sabhya tathA naDiyAdanA zrI bahmabhaTTa pragati maMDaLanA AjIvana sabhya che. te uparAMta mATuMgA keLavaNI mATuMgAM gujarAtI sevA samAja, valalabha vidyAlaya ANaMda. zrI viThThala kanyAlaya naDiyAdanA AjIvana sabhya hovA uparAMta sArI rakamanuM dAna paNa ApeluM che. bhArata pAkIstAna yuddha prasaMge nezanala DIphensa phaMDamAM rUA. 10,000 mahArASTrane mukhya pradhAna zrI vI. pI. nAyaka mAne ApyA. zrI mehanabhAI rAmajIbhAI kapAsI putranA lakSaNa pAraNAmAMthI parakhAya e rIte zrI mehanabhAInI tejasvItAnA darzana bacapaNathI thatA rahyA che. pAlItANAnA vatanI ane mAtra gujarAtIne abhyAsa paNa potAnI haiyA ukalatathI vyApArI kSetre AgaLa vadhyA che temano janma saMvata 1944 nA kArtika suda 2 bhAI bIjanA tahevAranA maMgaLamaya divase rAmajIbhAI kapAsIne tyAM thayo. temanA mAtuzrInuM nAma navalabA rAmajIbhAIne traNa putro ane divALIbena nAmanI putrI. ApaNuM mehanabhAI sauthI nAnA putra. pAlItANAmAM gujarAtI zALAmAM abhyAsa karyo ane pachI matI sukhIyAnI dharmazALAnI bahAranI dukAnimAM meMdIkhAnAnI dukAna cAlatI hatI temAM joDAyA. nAnapaNathIja sevAbhAvI khaMtIlA ane utsAhI hatA. 1969 mAM vIraDInA rahIza zrI pAnAcaMdabhAInI suputrI zrI naMdubena sAthe lagna thayAM. baMne moTAbhAI gujarI jatA temane dukAnanuM kAma 1973 mAM sameTI levuM paDyuM. evuM emanuM vyaktitva. zrI mohanabhAIne putra, pautra, snehi. janA ane Aptajano meTo samudAya che. pAlItANAmAM mitramaMDaLa ane saMgIta maMDaLa tathA jaina bhejanazALA sthApavAmAM paNa zrI mehanabhAInA zubha prayAse hatA. surata jillAmAM teozrIe ghaNA bhAI-bahenone auSadha-davA pahacADI bhAre moTI sevA karI che. zrI mehanabhAI nivRttimaya jIvanamAM paNa AdhyAtmikatAnAM vidha vidha pustaka vAMcatA ane temAM AnaMda mANatA AjJAMkita putra, suzIla putravadhUo saguNAnurAgI dharmapatnI naMdubena, pautra, pautrIonI lIlamalIlI vADInA teo vaDIla baDabhAgI kuTuMbIjano temanI sevA mATe prANa pAtharatAM. pAlItANA ejyukezana sosAyaTImAM temaNe sArI evI rakamanuM dAnanuM jharaNuM vahAvyuM che. jaina ane jainetara saMsthA * one temanI huMpha satata maLatI rahI che. . satI rahI che. zeTha motIzAha amIcaMda motIzA zeTha eTale sAhasika ane kunehabAja vyApArI. aneka muzkelIone vaTAvI sAmAnya sthitimAMthI svAvalaMbana pUrvaka zrImaMta bananAra karmayogI, muMbaI pAMjarApoLanA Adya utpAdaka udAra carita dAnavIra bhakitayeganI bhavyatA yukata zrI siddhagiri upara kuMtAsaranI gahana khINu lAkhAne kharace purAvI te upara gagana cuMbI TuMka ubhI karanAra pitAnA munImone paNa jina maMdira UbhA karavAnI preraNA karanAra muMbaImAM bhAyakhalA maMdira zrI ciMtAmaNajI zrI zAMtinAthajI (bhIMDIbajAra) tathA (keTa) ane zrI goDIjI pArzvanAthanuM maMdira temaja agAsInuM maMdira vagerenI pratiSThA karavAmAM mukhya bhAga bhajavanAra aneka sneha saMbaMdhIo ke jemAM pArasI ane yuropIane sadagRhastha amadAvAdanA nagarazeTha hemAbhAI tathA zeTha hakIbhAI ane zeTha kIkAbhAI kulacaMda (goghAvALA) vagere aneka sajajane sAthe snehavAtsalya jIvana paryanta nIbhAvanAra aneka mUrtimAna sadguNavALI vibhUti. jaina darzanane cAra anugamAM kathAnuyega ochI mahatvatAvALo nathI; vibhUtimaya puruSanAM jIvanacaritra, temaNe karelI dharma ane samAjanI sevAo, temanuM bhakita jJAna ane zuddha vartanavALuM jIvana vyavahArika ane AMtara anubhavonuM digadarzana e sarva kathAnuyogamAMthI ApaNane maLI Ave che. e maLI AvatAM ApaNI samakSa zuddha bhAvanAmaya mUrtimAna citra rajU thAya che ane e citra dvArA ApaNe AtmA saMskArothI samRddha banI sva AtmabaLa kSapazama anusAra te te guNonuM grahaNa kare che. ane ucca bhAvanA-raMgathI jIvana paTane raMge che lakSmI AvyA pachI ghaNAnA jIvanamAM kei anero raMga janmAve che. jyAre zeThazrI to prApta karela dhArmika saMskAranA baLe ene - zrI mohanabhAIne zikSaNa saMsthAo pratye pahelethI prema hatuM. saMvata 1974 mAM zrI yazavajayajI jaina gurUkuLamAM saMsthAnA pracAraka tarIke joDAyA ane A saMsthAmAM lagabhaga 11 varSa kAma karyuM. temane saMsthAnA pracAra ane phaMDa mATe vAraMvAra judA judA prAMta ne zaheromAM javuM paDatuM. dezabharanA temanA pravAsa daramyAna saMsthAnA pracAra sAthe sAthe temaNe AcArya praveza, padastha ane munimahArAjanI nizrAmAM zikSaNa pracAra ane samAja utthAna mATe vyAkhyAna ApelA ane tenA phala svarUpa kaI kaI jagyAe zALA-pAThazALA lAIbrerI paNa sthapAyelA che. gurUkuLa pachI jaina bAlAzramamAM joDAyA. tyAM terathI cauda varSa kAma karyuM ane temAM paNa pravAsa-paryaTana dvArA bAlAzramanI bhAre moTI pratiSThA vadhArI dIdhI. bAlAzrama mATenI jamIna meLavavAmAM temano paNa sAro e prayAsa hato. A rIte 25-25 varSa sudhI zikSaNa saMsthAonuM sevA kArya karyA bAda teonA suputra zrI kAntibhAI zrI hIrAbhAI tathA zrI vInubhAInA muMbaImAM khIlatA jatA vyavasAyathI saMtoSa mAnI nivRtti lIdhI tema chatAM pravRttimaya jIvana to cAlu ja rAkhyuM. satyaniSThA ane pramANakatAthI kAma karatA ane keInI paNa zehamAM taNutA nahi Jain Education Intemational

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- smRti saMdarbha graMba vyaya upara chaThThA raMga rAgamAM ke saMsAranA kSaNabhaMgura vilA sAmAM nathI karatA paNa AtmazreyanA apUrva sAdhana samA svaparanuM ekAMta kalyANa karanArA sArAye bhArata vanA AbAla vRddha nara nArI ane videzathI ahI AvatA pathikA jenA mukita kaMThe praza'sA kare evI zrI zatru Mjaya paranI 'meotIzAha ko'nI TuMka ahI yAda karyA vagara Ale nahIM zAzvatagiri para UMDI khAIne purAvI, je ma gaLamaya dhAma ubhuM karyuM che. e lAkhA AtmAone AtmakalyANanI jIvana sAphalya karavAnI-lakSmI maLI hoya te AvA prazasta mArga racavAnI DAkala karatuM UbhuM che be thayA pachI kahevuM ja paDe ke menIyA zeTha bhale deharUpe najara sAme nathI dekhAtA chatAM AvI mabhUta kRtinA rAka rUpe te amara che. zeDa zrI metIzAhanA pUrvajo jyAM jyAM vasyA che te ka. gAmamAM derAsaro baMdhAvela tyAre mAnada che. sAjIvA bhAta ane cheva... agAsI baMdara- A dareka ThekANe temanAM badhAvelAM daherAsaro che. muMbaI zaheramAM eka paNa daherAsara evuM nathI ke jemAM zeTha meAtIzAhanA moTA phALA na hoya. muMbainI pAMjarApoLa sthApavAmAM temaNe AgevAnIbhaye mAga bhavye che. eTaluM ja nihuM paNa ! khAte temaja zrImADakhAte je jamIna che te badhI temaNe pattA taraphathI kharIdI te badhI jamIna temaja sArI jevI rokaDa rakamanI bheTa karI hatI ane sthApana karyAM pachI paNa pAMjarApoLane sahara sthitimAM rAkhaLA mATe athAga mahenata karI hatI. zrI meAhanalAla prabhudAsa rAva zrI. maihanakAlane abhyAsa nAnA meTrIka che. teo jANItA vahepArI che sane 1941 thI temaNe amadAvAdamAM mIla-ina sTorsanA dho zarU karelA che ane mAhana prabhu dAsa enDa kuAM. nI sthApanA karI che. A uparAMta te 1934 thI sthApela zeThanA Ayana vasa enDa kuM| nA bhAgIdAra che je kArakhAnu` mIla mazInarI vagere banAve che ane tenI ophIsa nyu koTana mIla kampAunDa rAyapura daravAjA bahAra che. teozrI svAmInArAyaNa saMpradAyanA cUsta anuyAyI che ane agragaNya satsaMgI che. bra.vi. maMDaLanA sane 1944 mAM upa pramukha hatA. vaDodarA chAtrAlayanA navA makAnanI sthApanAmAM eka rUmanA phALA ApelA A uparAMta maMDaLanA AjIvana murabbI che tathA yuvaka nA AjIvana murakhkhI che. Apa Le AgaLa vadhyA che. sAhasikatA, khata, pramANikatA ane pragati tarapha kUca karavAnI temanI jhaMkhanAeja temane Arthika ane audyogika pragati tarapha dAyAM che. je bAbAne mATe prArUpa che. teo ghaNI vyApArI saMsthAo sAthe sakaLAyelA che. 23 zrI mohanabhAI mIdAsa paTela jUthaLanA vatanI zrI mehanabAi naLIyA udyoganA praNetA che. ghaNA ja ucca abhyAsa prApta karIne temanA jJAna ane 942 kAta audyogika zAmAM thALI gujarAtamAM benamUna phALo Apyo che. tIvra buddhizakita, asAdhAraNa haiyA ukalata ane udyoganA sucAlananI hI samaja nAnathI ja temanAmAM dekhAtI hatI. muMbaI yunivarsiTInI 150 nI sAlanI zrI. esasI ( etrI ) nI parIkSAmAM prathama AvI sura ArTa elana golDa meDala meLacce thI bhArata sarakAranA kAma tarIke egrI. enjInIyarIMganA pAsTa grejyueTa abhyAsa karavAnI kolara zIpa maLI ane AgaLa vadhyA. kheDUta kuTu'bamAM janma lIdhe chatAM pitAzrI mAdhyamika zALAnA AcArya hAbAthI zatru pratyenA premane I gharanA saune pUrI keLavaNI ApI, moTAbhAI selsa TekasanA ophIsara che. nAnAbhAI DAma che. pAte audyogika kSetra hauALa siddhi hAMsala karI che. amerIkAmAM meLavela enjInIyarIMga jJAna temaja saurASTra sarakAramAM cha eka varSa sudhI esI.enDa nIcara tarIke rahIne meLavela vizALa anubhava temaja bAra ttanA agaNI konTrekaTara aaN, mesasa paTela enjInIyarIMga kuAM. zrI. mAM be vanA bAMdhakAma khAtAno anubhava. A badhA samuha jJAnanA upayogathI temane agraNI udyogapatinuM mAna apAvyu'. gujarAta rAjyamAM moTAmAM moTA vilAyatI naLIthAnA udyogamAM bhaDIyAda pATIjha morabInA sthApaka bhAgI dAra tarIke, mArI rUkIMga TAIlsa menyuphekacarsa eseAsIezana meAramInA pramukha tarIke, lAyansa kalabanA pramukha tarIke, madhura jImakhAnAnA maMtrI tarIke ane bIjI ghaNI sAmAjika saMsthAo sAthe sagAine zasvI sevA ApI rahyAM che. ghaNAM ja udAra premI ane paragajra svabhAvanA che. zrI ramaNabhAI dhanAbhAI paTela zrI rabhAi paTela kheDA jillAnI sa'bALadha sAmA jikajIvaMta saMsthAenA prANa samA banyA che. rasada emanuM mULa vatana-bacapaNathIja samAja sevAnA selA sevelA temAM pitAzrI nI preraNA ane huM maLI. vaLI ema. e. esa. jevA zrI. sudhInuM dugdha zikS prApta karavAnI suvidhA sAMpaDI mahatvakAMkSI svabhAvanA zrI ramaNabhAie vakIlAtanA vyavasAya svIkAryA--AMtararASTriya sAdho vikasAvyabAnI pAtAnI aneka yojanA pAra pADI sAhitya sarjana kSetre paNa camakayA-bhArata pravAsa aMgenu to.. beMce A bhArata deza' nAmanuM pustaka lakhyuM uparAMta nyAya, paMcAyata ane samAdhAna paMca" upara pustaka lakhyu ane nAmanA meLavI. A pustaka tAlukA paMcAyatonI sthApanA pachI nyAya paMcAne paNa upayegI nIvaDayu. rAjakIya ga paNa ghaNA varSothI sakriya rahIne loka saMparka keLavatA rahyAM. bArasada myuni. leAkabAka, tAlukA koMgresa samiti vageremAM temanI kAmagIrInA anubhava ane tene lane upa sthAomAM upapramukha-pramukhapada sudhI paheAMcavAmAM saphaLatA

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950 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 maLI, 1964 thI 1966 ema traNa varSa tAlukA paMcAyatanA pramukha tarIke suMdara kAma karyuM. borasada mata vibhAgamAMthI vidhAnasabhA nI cuMTaNI laDyA ane yazasvI nivaDyA. 1967 thI 1971 sudhI dhArAsabhya tara ke paNa kAma karyuM. samagra bhArata jeyuM. AphrikA paNa joyuM. putra-putrI ene ucca zikSaNa ApyuM. vatanamAM zaikSaNika saMsthAo ubhI karI sAMskRtika pravRttionI paNa rAhabarI lIdhI. hAIskUlanI sthApanAthI mAMDIne I.ema eca.esa. TrasTanA ceramena tarIke, ATarsa, komarsa, sAyansa, le ane ejyukezana saMsthA ubhI karavAmAM temanuM mArgadarzana upayegI banyuM. eka zaikSaNika TrasTanA ceramena pade rahIne zikSaNanA uparanA tamAma stare pravRttinuM vaTavRkSa banAvI gujarAta yuni.nA seneTanA sabhya tarIke paNa kAma karyuM. AjanI yuvA peDhIne temanuM jIvana preraNAdAI banI raheze. zrI rasikalAla nAre cANIyA eka vAstavika jIvana saMgrAmanA aDaga mahArathI zrI rasIka lAlane janma I.sa. 191lmAM rANapura (saurASTra) nAmanA nAnA gAmamAM thayo. vaDhavANa ane surendranagaramAM zikSaNa laIne teo pragatine paMthe AgaLa vadhyA. vatana choDIne 1937 mAM muMbaI AvyA ane nyu dholerA sTIma zIsa li. nAmanI eka AgevAna vahANavaTI kaMpanImAM rUA. 3pa-00 nA pagArathI nokarImAM joDAyA. hAla teo nyu dholerA zIpIMga enDa TreDIMga li. ku. nA DIrekaTapade tathA malabAra sTImazIpa ku. limITeDanA janarala menejara tarIke potAnI sevAo ApI rahyA che. "DagaluM bharyuM ke nA haThavuM' e kAvya paMkitane jIvanano mahAmaMtra banAvI zrI rasikalAlabhAI e temanI jIvana kathAne evA hRdaya sparzI varNanathI, spaSTa varNanathI spaSTa karI che ke vAcaka duniyAnI vAstavikatAne mUrtimaMta thayelI jovA lAge che jIvana e jIvavA lAyaka che ane anukULa saMjogonI saravANathI sukhI banAvI zakAya che. tema marda mAnavI ja vicArI zake che evA marda mAnavInuM pratika eTale zrI rasIkalAla nAgrecANIyA. I. sa. 1937 mAM muMbaImAM turata nokarI maLI jatAM gulAbI svapnAo sAthe temaNe cAra varSa kartavya niSThA ane zraddhAthI kAmagIrI karI I. sa. 1941 mAM pahelA karatAM bamaNe pagAra meLavyuM. gata 5 ane je pa ka ane hAlamAM temanAM cAra putra ane putrI abhyArAmAM vikAsanA paMthe AgaLa vadhI rahyAM che. temanI kAryadakSatA, sUjha ane vizALa anubhavane lIdhe vividha sAmAjika ane zaikSaNika saMsthAo uparAMta prakhyAta sTImazIpa kaMpanIo temanI vividha lakSI sevAone lAbha laI rahI che. zrI raNachoDalAla puruSottamadAsa trivedI sAbarakAMThA jIllAnA bhIloDA tAlukAnA bAmaNuM gAmanA vatanI zrI raNachoDalAla bhAI hAlamAM dhaMdhArthe muMbaI rahe che. sAmAjika kAryo mATe zrI raNachoDabhAIne nAnapaNathI utsAha hato temanA svabhAvanI eka khAsiyata che ke teo khoTa sahana karI zakatA nathI. game te sthaLe A prasaMge game teTalI vizALa saMkhyA sAme paNa satyane raju karavA teo khacakAyA nathI. teo svabhAve ja leka sevaka che dhaMdhA rojagAranI cIntA karyA vinA leka sevAnA kAryomAM temaNe jIMdagI joDI dIdhI che muMbai zahera temanuM mukhya kAryakSetra che temaja sAbarakAMThAnA jAhera ane sAmAjika tathA dhArmika kAryomAM teo haMmeza mokhare rahyA che. koI saMsthAmAM sabhya keimAM maMtrI te kaImAM sakIya rasa laI javAbadArI adA karavAmAM temanI kuzAgra buddhi zAnta ane satya priya svabhAvane phALe mukhya che. rAjakIya kSetre pravRttio karanAra zrI raNachoDabhAI leuvA ane jJAti sevA paNa kare che. duSkALa hoya ke rela saMkaTa hoya te du:khIyAnI madade doDI jAya che samAja sevA mATe teo adamya utsAha ane akhuTa prema dharAve che. AgavI vicAra zreNI sAthe samAjane AgaLa dhapAvavA kAryarata che. zrI ramaNIkalAla rAyacaMda sadAya hasamukhe cahero, AnaMdI mIlanasAra svabhAva, ane paragaju manavRtti dharAvatA zrI ramaNIkabhAI (saurASTra) pAlItANAnA vatanI che. ghaNA varSothI muMbaIne vatana banAvyuM che. pAlItANA jaina gurUkuLamAM meTrIka sudhIno abhyAsa karyo. vidyAbhyAsa daramyAna tephAna mastI uparAMta temanAmAM raheluM vyApArI kauzalya spaSTa dekhAtuM hatuM. vyApArI kSetre yazasvI siddhi meLavavAnA A yuvAne bacapaNathI svapnA sevelA. AzA-aramAna ane purUSArthanuM bhAthuM laIne 19pa3 mAM muMbaImAM temanuM Agamana thayuM. jIvananI zaAtamAM traNeka varSa karIyANu bajAramAM niSThA ane pramANukatAthI nokarI karI te pachI dIrghadraSTi ane vyavahAra dakSatAne samanvaya sAdhI lokhaMDanA kAmakAjamAM jhaMpalAvyuM...... ane kudarate yArI ApI. kame kame temAM pragati thatI rahI che temanI sAhasika mane vRtti paNa kAraNabhUta gaNAvI zakAya. 2021 nI lekhaMDa jaththAmAM svataMtra rIte premacaMda gAMdhInI peDhInA nAme zrI gaNeza mAMDayA. je peDhI Aja mokharAnuM sthAna dharAve che. bhArata sTIla TaTyujha lI.nA mahArASTra khAtenA ejanTa tarIke temanI jIvanacaryA kadAca kaI na mAne paratu hakIkata e che ke asara ane anivArya paristhitimAM tIvra manovedanAne zAMta paDe tevA be mukhya anukULa saMjogo hatA. eka Izvare temane adbhUta sahana zakti ane daDha manobaLa ApyA che. bIjI kaMpanInA mAlika sva. sUrajI vallabhadAsanI temanA pratyenI putra samabhAvanA jene lIdhe teo temanI dareka vikaTa paristhitimAM sAtvana ApI temanI paDakhe ubhA rahyAM hatA. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 951 A peDhInI gaNanApAtra kAmagIrI che. zunyamAMthI sarjana karI madAvAda tAlukA koMgresa samitinA mAnadamaMtrI ane kheDA nAra cAlIza varSanA A yuvAna sAhasika vyApArI zrI ramaNIka chalA kegresa samitinA sabhya tarIke temaja anya sAmAjika bhAIe garIbInA sAmAnya divase paNa joyA che. e taDakA chAyAnA tathA jAhera saMsthAomAM sakIya sevAo ApelI che. samagra anubhavane laIne Aja ThIka sAhyabI prApta karavA chatAM abhi- bhAratane pravAsa karyo che. vahepArI tarIke dezanI kudaratI mAnane sparza suddhAM temane thayuM nathI, temane tyAMthI AtamAM sAmAjika saMsthAomAM yathAzakita madada karela kadI keI nirAza thaIne pAchu gayuM nathI....mitrane temaNe che. pitAnA mIlanasAra svabhAva temaja jAtamahenata prabaLa madada karI che, asaMkhya mANasane temaNe dhaMdhA nokarIe IcchA ne satata prayatna dvArA pragati pAmI zakayA che. caDAvyA che. khAlI gajave vatanamAMthI AvanArA keTalAyane roTalA ane eTale ApI sArI sthitie pahoMcADI muMgA pravAsa, samAjasevA, sahakArI benkIMga kSetre sakIya AzirvAda lIdhA che. guptadAnathI anekane sahAyarUpa banI kAmagIrI temanA khAsa zokha che. pAyAnuM kAma A yuvAne karyuM che. nAnA moTA prasaMgopAtanA zrI ratilAla prabhudAsa phaMDaphALAomAM A yuvAne temanI udAratAnA darzana karAvyA ja che........dekhAve nAnA jevA lAgatA e yuvAne koInuM saMskAra dharmane dhavala prakAza jemaNe anyanA aMdhakAra paNa kalyANa thatu hoya tyAM tana-mana-dhana haMmezA visAre bharyA jIvataramAM prasarAvI jANe ane jemaNe pitAnA mUkayuM che. dAna dharmanAM saMskAra temane vArasAmAM maLyA ja karmaNya jIvananI AcAra saMhitA ghaDI kADhI e pramANe hatA paNa jema jema temane mAna mobhe vyApArI AlamamAM jIvananuM ghaDatara karyuM - eka sAcA kalAkAra (pheTogrAphara ) vadhatA gayA tema tema temanA dilanI amIrAta vadhune vadhu tarIke eka niSThAvAna vyapArI tarIke jemaNe Adarza jIvana khIlatI gaI. jIvanamAM navuM jovA jANavA ane samajavAnI jIvI jANyuM evA zrI ratilAlabhAI bhAvanagaranA vatanI jijJAsAe hiMdanA ghaNA rathanuM paribhramaNa karyuM che. muMba- hatA. 196 nA kArataka suda 13 terazanA roja prabhudAsa ImAM pAlItANA jaina mitra maMDaLa dvArA jyAre jyAre rAmacaMda pheTo grApharane tyAM temane janma thaye. nAnI uMmare mAnavatAno sAda paDe che tyAre haMmezA teo AgaLa ja amadAvAdamAM pitAzrInA dhaMdhAmAM sArI evI nipUNatA meLavI rahyAM che. vatanane kadI bhUlyA nathI. cUkyA hatA. khaMta, pramANIkatA ane satata parizrama dvArA thaDAja varSomAM sArI jamAvaTa karI ane prathama paMktinuM zrI ramaNalAla puruSottamadAsa cekasI sthAna meLavyuM. amadAvAdavALA mAkubhAI zeThanA saMdhamAM sAthe jaI e namUna pheTA pADavAnI kAmagIrIthI sArI nAmanA vatana-mahemadAvAda uMmara varSa pa2 (bAvana) janma tArIkha meLavI. jAmanagaravALA popaTalAla dhArazInI sAthe saMdhamAM 6-1-1922. abhyAsa meTrIka, senA-cAMdIne vahepAra-mANeka jaI tyAM paNa pheTo pADavAnI suMdara kAmagIrIthI siddhinA coka, amadAvAdamAM dhaMdhAnI zarUAta 17 varSanI uMmarathI karI. sopAna sara karatA gayA. nAnA-meTA dhArmika prasaMge vakhate vyApArIo esesIezananA sakrIya sahakArathI temaNe pragati kemerA sAthe emanI hAjarI acUka hoya ja. svabhAve sarala sAdhI hAlamAM teo (1) dhI mANekacaka ke-opa. benka ane AnaMdI hatA eTale saune prItipAtra banyA. samAja li. mANekaka, amadAvAda ceramena (2) gujarAta sTeTa geDa sevA tathA zaikSaNika kArya karatI keTalIka jaina ane jainetara lAyansa DIlarsa esesIezana gujarAta, amadAvAda presIDenTa saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA hatA. bhAvanagaranI AtmAnaMda (3) zrI cokasI mahAjana amadAvAda mAnadamaMtrI (4) zrI sabhAmAM paNa temane viziSTa phALo hate. sandura ko-opa. hA. se. amadAvAda ceramena (5) membara TreDa enDa komarsa kamiTi gujarAta vahepArI, mahAmaMDaLa, vRddhone, lulApAMgaLA apaMgane prema pUrvaka khUba khUba amadAvAda sabhya (6) senTrala ekasAIjha kalekaTareTa baDA jamADatA ane parama saMtoSa anubhavatA garIbone chUTe hAthe rIjIonala eDavAijharI kamiTi vaDedarA sabhya tarIke sevAo dAna ApavAmAM pAchuM vALIne joyuM nathI. 2018 nI sAlamAM Ape che bhUtakALamAM paNa:- (1) mahemadAvAda arbana pipalasa temanA dharmapatnI caMdanabahene navvANu karela te vakhate pAlI. ko-opa. benka li nA pramoTarsa 17 varSa benkanA ceramena tANA AvI eka divasa pataravelIyA banAvI tathA khajUranA vAIsa ceramena tarIke kAma kareluM (2) mahemadAvAda tAlukA bhajIyA banAvI sAdhu-sAthvinI bhakitane khUbaja sAro lAbha kharIda vecANa saMgha li. ceramena tathA mahemadAvAda tAlukA lIdhe hate. bhAvanagaramAM abhinaMdana svAmInA derAsaramAM vika sa borDa mAnadamaMtrI tarIke (3) kheDA jIllA madhyastha pitAnA benanA vatI tathA potAnA pitAzrI vatI ema be sahakArI benka li. naDIyAdanI beDa para DIrekaTara tarIke (4) pratimAjI padharAvyA hatA. DozIvADAnI poLamAM rahetA tyAre kheDA jIllA sahakArI sa dha naDIyAda DAyarekaTara tarIke (5) sAdhu-sAvionI vaiyAvaca khUbaja sevAbhAvathI karatA. AvA mahemaddAvAda myunisipAlITImAM kAunsIlara tarIke temaja mahe. udAracarita ane prabhuparAyaNa jJAtisevaka zrI ratilAlabhAI Jain Education Intemational

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952 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 vikrama saMvata 2030 nA kArataka vada 4 ne divase svargavAsI thayA. temanI pAchaLa temanA suputra zrI IndravanabhAI zrI jayendrabhAI, zrI razmikAntabhAI tathA bhANeje subodhabhAI, ramezabhAI tathA vipInabhAI, suputrI zrI khulaSA bahena, varSAbahena, nirUpamAMbahena badhAne mUkatA gayA. temanuM Akhue kuTuMba khUbaja keLavAyeluM ane dhArmika raMge raMgAyeluM che. zrI ratilAlabhAIne sevA jIvanane vArase temanA putrae jALavI rAkhe che. zrI ratIlAla maganalAla mahetA, hAIskUle, davAkhAnAo, beTAdanA chAtrAlaya vi. mAM temanuM nAma haMmezA mekhare rahyuM che. saurASTramAM keLavaNI arthe temanI dhaNI udAra sakhAvate che. A badhAM ja mahAna kAryonA praNetA ane sadAya preraNArUpa banatA temanAM dharmapatnI, dharma premI a. sau kaMcanagaurI bahenane hIsso jarAya ocho nathI. temanA anekavidha kAryadakSatAnA phalakamAM buddhi pratibhA, vyavahAra kuzaLatA, duraMdezitA AdinA nAnA moTA prasaMgo jyAre sAMbhaLIye tyAre temane samRddha vyaktitvane ahobhAve vaMdana karyA sIvAya rahI zakAtuM nathI. zrI raghunAtha brahmabhaTTa "rasakavi" nuM lADIluM birUda gujarAtanI samasta janatAe jemane ApeluM che te naDiyAda nA vatanI zrI raghunAthabhAI brahmabhaTTa ne agiyAra varSanI kumaLI vaye pitAzrInuM sukha gumAvavuM paDeluM. temaNe pAMcamAM aMgrejI dhoraNane abhyAsa naDiyAda hAIskUlamAMthI choDe tyArabhAi DokaTarane tyAM traNa varSa kampAunDara tarIke nokarI karI. paraMtu temanA rasiyA jIvane te pasaMda nahotuM. lAyabrerImAMthI alabhya pustake temane vAMcavA maLyA. zAstrIo pAse temaNe meghadUta, zAkutala, gIta goviMda vagereno abhyAsa karyo davAkhAnAmAM davAo ApatAM teozrI zlekanI kApalIo lakhI Tebala para caTADI ne gekhatA jAya ane davAo paNa ApatA jAya ! A rIte temaNe saMskRta ane aMgrejI ne abhyAsa vadhAryo nAnI uMmaramAM "ArnolDa lAITa epha eziyA" vAMcatA temane budhdhanA jIvana para nATaka lakhavAnuM mana thayuM ane nATaka lakhyuM paNa kharUM eka varSa bAda budhadeva bhajavAyuM ane khUba prasiddhi maLI. nATakamAM grAmephena rekarDomAM ane sAptAhikamAM maLIne Azare traNeka hajAra jeTalAM gIta kavizrIe lakhyAM che. philamamAM paNa kavizrIe potAnAM aneka gIta ApyAM che. hiMdI citromAM paNa kavizrIe gIta lakhyAM che. saMkhyAbaMdha citromAM teozrIe gIta, saMgIta ane saMvAdo ApelA che. Ama kavizrIe sAhityanAM vividha pAsAMomAM sevA ApI A jIvana kavitA ane sAhityanA upAsaka tarIke jIvana vitAvyuM che. kavizrIe pitAne sAhitya sevAno vAraso temanA putromAM paNa utAryo che. zrI madhusUdana raghunAtha brahmabhaTTa rasakavi zrI raghunAtha brahmabhaTTanA teozrI jayeSTha putra che. abhyAsamAM muMbaInI elaphansTana kelejamAMthI bI. e. nI parIkSA pasAra karI che. aMgrejI sAhitya ane tatvajJAna A temanA priya viSaye che. gujarAtI sAhityanA paNa acchA abhyAsI che. pite bI.e. hovA chatAM pitAnA ghaNA vidyAthI ene mahA nibaMdha lakhavAnI preraNA ane sakriya sahakAra ApI pI. eca. DI. nI upAdhi apAvI zakayA che. prasiddhi ane jAhera jIvanathI aLagA rahelA che. keLavaNI tIrthakSetra mahuvAmAM zrI ratilAla maganalAla mahetAe zrI maganalAla nAthAlAla mahetA kanyA vidyAlaya ane zrI nAthAlAla. mIThAbhAI mahetA prAthamika zALA mATe dAnagaMgA vahAvI emanA jIvanamAM dhanyatA anubhavI che. sAdagI, sevAbhAvanA ane nikhAlasatAnA triveNI saMgamathI Ama zakaya banyuM che. sattara varSanI vaye mahuvA choDI dhaMdhAthe muMbaI AvI vasyA sAmAnya pAyarIthI jiMdagInI zarUAta karI ane bhautika siddhinI Toca para pahoMcyA che. kemIkasa meDIsIna, vahANavaTAnA ane kamIzana ejanTa tarIkenA dhaMdhAmAM svabaLe ane nasIbe yArI ApI che. vahIvaTI kuzaLatA ane dhagazathI teo Aje me. jIvA kukAnI kaMpanI, me. maganalAla. nAthAlAla. me. ratilAla. prANajIvana dAsanI ane me, baLavaMtarAya enDa kaMpanInuM saMcAlana kare che. taduparAMta teo sAmAjika kSetrane paNa varelA che zrI kapALa vidyAthIgRha mahuvAnA vyavasthApaka samitinA sabhya tarIke teo saMsthAnA hitamAM sakriya rasa le che ane mahuvA yuvaka samAjanA upapramukha tarIke teo avirata sevA Ape che ane dAtAo mAtra dAna ApIne chuTI jAya ema nahIM paNa saMsthAmAM sakriya rasa le te prasaMzanIya pariNAma lAvI zake evI praNAlikA mavA yuvaka samAjanA muMbaIe pADI tene teo saMpUrNa rIte anusaryA che. zrI ratilAla viThThaladAsa gesaLIyA zrI ratilAla viphUladAsa gosaLIyA (gaDhaDA nivAsI) jeo saurASTra temaja muMbaIthI ghaNe dUra nAnA evA zahera mAdhavanagaramAM vasatA hovA chatAM temane potAnA vatana tathA jJAti mATe kaMIka karI chUTavAnI tAlAvelI ane dhagaza niraM. tara rahe che. dharma pratyeno temano prema paNa jarAya utarato nathI kAraNa ke aMdherI upAzraya, kAMdIvalI upAzraya, bhADuMpa upAzraya, ugAmeDI vi. dharmasthAnamAM AvI ja moTI pAte tathA potAnA snehIo taraphathI zAhI sakhAvate karI che A uparAMta sAmAjika saMsthAomAM paNa temane phALe jarAya ocho nathI jevA ke kAMdIvalInI cAlImAM, sAMgalI jillAmAM nA mavA rasa lerI Ape che Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbhagraMtha zrI jayadeva raghunAtha brahmabhaTTa pitAnA kAvyasarjanane guNa pUrNatayA vikAsa pAme loche. teo muMbaInI beMka opha inDiyAnI heDa ephIsamAM nokarI kare che. AMkaDAnI iMdrajALamAM racyA pacyA rahetA zrI jayadevabhAinA kAvya sarjananA pravAhu askhalita vahyA kare che. abhyAsakALamAMthI ja temanAmAM rahelA kavi'DAkiyA karatA hatA pitAnA pagale 17 varSanI vaye abhyAsakALa daramyAna kavivara TAgAranA avasAna prasaMge temane ajali atu lagabhaga so kaMDikAnuM kAvya lakhyuM je muMbainA 'citrapaTa' sAptAhikamAM prasiddha thayuM hatuM. temanA kAvyA jotA temanA upara kavivara TAgAra ane mahAkavi nhAnAlAlanI chApa saheje dekhAI Ave che. kAvyasarjana uparAMta nATya lekhana upara paNa temanI sArI hatheATI beThelI che. zrI caMdravadana raghunAtha brahmabhaTTa rasakavi raghunAtha brahmabhaTTanA A sahuthI nAnA putra che. temanA moTA ane bhAionI jemaja sAhitya sarjananA vAraso temanA kavi pitAmAMthI utarI AvyeA che. abhyAsa meTrIka sudhI che, sAmAnya mAnyatA evIcheke zrI ane sarasvatIne Aghavera che. paraMtu rasakavinA moTA banne putrAnI jemaja A temanA chellAputra paNa naDIyAdamAM eka epha baroDAmAM nokarI kare che. e rIte traNe bhAie lakSmInI sevA karatAM karatAM sarasvatInI paNa ArAdhanA karyuM jAya che. zrI caMdravadananAM lakhelA nATaka AkAzavANInA tathA muMbaI kendra parathI niyamita prasArita thaye jAya che. zrI ramaNIkalAla maneAradAsa amadAvAda zreSThIvarya zrI ramaNIkabhAi zeTha bhAvanagaranA AgevAna vyApArI upara dAnavIra paNa kharA. cha aMgrejI sudhInAja abhyAsa paNa vyApArI kArya kuzaLatA ane haiyA ukalata, manana bharI vicArazilatA ane dIrghadRSTi emane vArasAmAM maLyA che. A sevAbhAvI yuvAne soLa varSanI uMmarathI dhaMdhAmAM joDAine dhaMdhAnI pragatikucane cAlu rAkhI, leAkhaMDa, sImenTa ane peInTasanA dhaMdhAmAM gujarAtamAM nAmAMkita banyA. sAthe samAja sevAnA uccatama AdarzonuM jatana paNa karatA rahyAM. navu jANavA jovA ane samajavAnI laganI bacapaNathIja hatI. samasta bhAratanA pravAsa karyAM che. yAtrArthe ghaNA tIrtha sthAnonI kuTuMbIjano sAthe mulAkAta paNa lIdhI che. vizALa vAMcana, spAsano paNa bhAre zokha-dharmagraMthA ane sArA sAmayikA vAMcavAnI abhirUcI che. eTaluja nahI paNa sAhityakAro taraphanI paNa eTalI umadA lAgaNI temanA jIvanamAM jovA maLI che. bhAvanagaramAM dhadhAnu kuzaLa saMcAlana uparAMta rAjakoTa, muMbaI, amadAvAdamAM paNa temanI zAkhAo 953 cAle che. dhaMdhAmAMthI samaya meLavI prasaMgeApAta sAmAjika saMsthAemAM paNa samayazakitano bhega Ape che. bhAvanagaranI baherA-muMgA zALA saMcAlana samitimAM, aMdha udyogazALA mAM, cembara eka kAmamAM, ema aneka saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. eTaluM ja nahI. paNa A badhI sasthAomAM sArI evI rakamanI sakhAvata karI che, hAspITalamAM veATaraphulara mUkavA mATe, vikAsagRhamAM, AMkhanA davAkhAnAmAM, vidyArthI one skolarazIpa vagere vyavasthA karAvI ApavAmAM, eka phrI DIspensarI calAvavAmAM ane nAnA--moTA phaMDaphALAemAM zrI ramaNIkabhAInA dilanI amIrAtanA darzana thAya che. zrI ravizaMkara nAttamadAsa vyAsa AjhAdInI rASTrIya caLavaLamAM bhAga lenArAemAMnA eka zrI ravizaMkara vyAsa mULa vatana mahuvA. meTrIka pAsa karIne kolejanu zikSaNa paDatu mukI 1937mAM rAjakoTamAM cAlatI rASTrIya laDatamAM keTalAMka sAthIo sAthe saMgaThita banI TukaDInA rUpamAM jhaMpalAvyuM. rASTravyApI pravRttinA pravAhathI temanA utsAhane preraNA maLI. 1939 pachI mahuvA yuvaka saMghanI sthApanA karI tenA maMtrI tarIke kAmasabhALyuM. 1942 nI hiMda cheDAnI laData AvI temAM paNa sakriya kAma karyuM.... vacce thoDA samaya dhaMdhAdArI pharajo bajAvI. majUra sahakArI ma'DaLInA pramukha tarIke, vaNakara sahakArI maMDaLInA upapramukha tarIke, zikSaka sahakArI maMDaLInA pramukha tarIke, bhAdroDa yaMtra zALA vaNATa maMDaLInA pramukha tarIke temanI kAmagIrI jANItI che. bhAdroDamAM kApaDa vaNavAnI eka mIlane vistRtikaraNa karavAnI yeAjanA vicAre che. bhAratanA ghaNA sthaLAnuM paribhramaNa karyuM che. eka bALamaMdiranI sthApanA karI zikSaNane kSetre paNa temanuM AgavuM pradAna rahyuM che. sAmAjika kAmeA mATe nAnA meATA phaMDa phALA paNa karyA che. zrI ramaNIkalAla ke. dhAmI kAma upaleTAnA jANItA dhArAzAstrI che. jIllA sahakArI, sAmAjika rAjakiya ane zaikSaNika kSetre Aja te karI rahyA che. akhila paTela vidyArthI maDaLanA maMtrI tarIke jJAtimAM kurivAnte cheDAvavA tathA zikSaNakSetre abhirUcI keLa vavA kAmagIrI bajAvI che. rAjakoTa jillAnA koMgresanAM maMtrI upaleTA kharIda vecANa saMghanA pramukha. e. AI. sI. sI. nA sabhya, kuTuMba niyeAjana rAjaya kAunsIlanA sabhya; upaleTA lAyansa kalabanA pramukha, ilekaTrIkasITI eDa sTeTa ekansalTeTIva kAunsIlanA sabhya, sTeTa egrIkalcarala ke mADITI kamiTinA sabhya, jillA pUravaThA samitinA sabhya, jillA polIsa salAhakAra samitinA sabhya vagere aneka saMsthAe sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. chellA daza varSomAM koMgresamAM kheMcAyelA yuvAna leAhImAM zrI dhAmInA samAveza thAya che.

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954 zrI rasikalAla A, mAMDalIyA kaccha pradezanA kendra samA bhujanA vatanI zrI rasikalAla bhAi mAMDalIyA vakIlAta ane samAja sevAne kSetre kIti saMpAdana karI cUkayA che. aThThAvana varSanI uMmaranA zrI mAMDalIyAe 1939 thI vakIlAtanA pAtAnA vyavasAyanI zarUAta karI. potAnA buddhi baLe krame krame dhaMdhAmAM pragati karatA rahyAM ane eka bahAza vakIla tarIke samagra jillAmAM temanI gaNanA thavA lAgI. potAnA vyavasAya uparAMta A sevAbhAvI jIva bhUjanI aneka saMsthAonA prANa samA anyA che. bIna rAjakIya rIte racanAtmaka dRSTikANathI aneka sAmAjika saMsthAone temanI dAravaNI ane preraNA cheka zarUthI Aja sudhI maLatAM rahyAM che. roTarI kalaba pramukha tarIke, meDhezvarI maMDaLanA pramukha tarIke. bhUja nagarapAlikAnA pramukha tarIke, tathA myu. mAM sTenDIMga kamiTinA ceramena tarIke bhuja vakIla maMDaLanA pramukha tarIke, bhUja jImakhAnA (sporTasa kalaba) nA pramukha tarIke tathA bhAratIya sevA maMDaLa ane thIosophI sAsAiTI ema aneka saMsthAomAM bhUtakALamAM ucca sthAne hatA ane Aje paNa prathamanI be saMsthAmAM pramukha che ane bAkInI bIjI saMsthAmAM mahatvanA hAdA dharAve che. samagra bhAratanA pravAsa karyAM che. ghaNA anubhave| meLavyA che. krikeTanA temane khAsa zAkha che. sAhityika pravRttiomAM paNa eTalA ja uma'thI sa lye che. bhUjanI prajAnA sukhaduHkhanA aneka praznomAM rasa letA rahyA che. zrI ramezakAMta gA. parIkha zrI ramezakAnta geA. parIkha itihAsa nA khAsa abhyAsI che. emanuM mULa vatana vaDodarA jillAnA DabhAI tAlukAnu mukhya gAma DabhAi ane eja jillAnA nasavADI tAlukAnA mukhyagAma nasavADImAM emanA tA. 22-6-29 nA rAja janma thayA hatA. emaNe prAthamika zikSaNa vaDodarA jillAnA gAma vADiyA tathA tilakavADAmAM lIdhu jayAre mAdhyamika zikSaNa vaDodarAmAM meLavyuM. mahArAjA sayAjIrAva vizvavidyAlaya vaDodarAmAM emaNe itihAsanA khAsa viSaya sAthe 1954 mAM bI. e. mAM dvitIya vaga meLavye ane eja vizvavidyAlayamAM itihAsanA viSaya sAthe 1956mAM ema. e mAM prathama vargomAM prathama sthAna meLavI vizvavidyAlayanA ucca kakSAnA censala gAlDameDala prApta karyAM. A jhaLahaLatI kArikadI sAthe amadAvAdanI eca. ke. ArTasa kelejamAM eja sAthe joDAyA ane 1969 nA 15mI jUna sudhI itihAsanA prAdhyApaka tarIke temaja e vibhAganA adhyakSa tarIke sevA ApI. tyAra bAda tee saurASTra vizvavidyAlayamAM itihAsanA rIDara tarIke ane itihAsa anusnAtaka kendranA Jain Education Intemational eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 adhyakSa tarIke joDAyA ane hAla teo tyAMja peAtAnI sevA ApI rahyA che. " grIsa ane rAmaneA itihAsa " nAmaka pustakanA ee sahalekhaka che. emaNe ghaNA saMzodhana lekho prAsaMgika noMdhe ane vividha lekho lakhyA che. gujarAta rAjyanA amarelI jillAnA gejheTiyaramAM madhyayuga ane Adhunika samaya para saurASTramAM phiraMgI sattA, sauSTramAM marAThI sattA, saltanata samayamAM gujarAtamAM AvelA yuropiyana pravAsIo jevA viSayeA para paNa emaNe lakhyuM che. amadAvAda nI bheA. je adhyayana ane saMzAdhana vidyAbhavana taraphathI prakAzita" gujarAtanA rAjakIya ane sAMskRtika - tihAsa" graMthamALAnA lekhakAmAMnA tee eka lekhaka che. zrI rAmasiMhabhAI nAraNabhAi vALA zrI bilezvara khAMDa udyoga sahakArI maMDaLInA praNetA zrI rAmasiMhabhAI vALA koDInAra tAlukAnA kaDAdarA gAmanA vatanI 1lI ogasTa 1908mAM temanA janma thayA nAnapaNathI ja rASTriyatAnA raMge raMgAyelA che. samAja sevAnA kAmamAM temanu sArU evuM pradAna che. svarAja AvyA pachI sahakArI kSetre je zrI gaNeza maMDAyA temAM koDInAra tAlukA meAkhare gaNAze. zrI rAmasiMhabhAInI mRdutA-kuzaLatA ane praznone pAra pADavAnI dhagazanI sAthe temanAmAM makkamatane raNako paNa joyA, te Adhunika bhAvanA ane Adarzone apanAvatAM rahyAM, teo ghaNI saMsthAe sAthe saMkaLAMyelA jevI ke zrI bIlezvara khAMDa udyoga sahakArI maMDaLI, zrI koDInAra tAlukA ko-opareTIva benkIga yuniyana, koDInAra tAlukA sahu. kharIda vecANa saMgha. koDInAra tAlukA ko-opareTIva egrI. proDayusa mArkeTa kamiTi, keDInAra tAlukA poMcAyata zikSaNa samiti, vaDodarA kRSi vi. vi. kA. saha. maMDaLI gujarAta rAjya sahu khAMDa udyoga saMgha, gujarAta vidyuta maMDaLa rAjakoTa sarkala, rUrala ilekaTrIka ko-opareTIva seAsAyaTI lI. koDInAra bhagavAnabhAI bhAbhAbhAi smAraka TrasTa koDInAra, ane udyoga jillA lokala beDa vageremAM temanI sevA jANItI banI che. Do. rAdhAkRSNa ena zAha, mahArASTranA dhULIyA jillAnA nadarabAranA vatanI zrI rAdhAkRSNabhAInA pitAzrI naMdalAlabhAI paNa eka leAkapriya DokaTara hatA e arasamAM temanA pAse koI Arthika sadhdharatA na hatI paNa dilanI amIrAta jarUra hatI sa'skAra vaibhava ane garIbo taraphanI hamadardI nA umadA guNa ne laI temane bhAre meATI yazakalagI prApta thai e saMskAra vArase temanA suputromAM paNa utaryA e vArasAnA pratika samA zrI zAhu sAheba ucca keLavaNI meLavavAne sadbhAgI banyA te pachI muMbai, kaDI, bIlImerA, amadAvAda-surata ane chelle bhAvanagara mAM sarjana tarIke nI suvAsa phelAvI, badhuee paNa vividha kSetre ucca vyakitatva pragaTAvyuM che. zrI zAhu itara pravRttie

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 955 pahoMcyA ane kara deve temane eTalethI ja aTakAvI dIdhA. emanA pitAnuM ekAeka avasAna thayu. mAM paNa eTalAja rasa dharAve che. roTarI pravRtti uparAMta temane navuM jovA-jANavA. ane pharavAno khAsa zekha che. vikAsagRhanI kamiTimAM jItharI hospITalamAM sarakArI pratinidhi tarIke temanI sevAo ghaNIja prasaMzA mAgI le che. meDIkala nA sarjIkala kempa dvArA temaNe grAma prajAmAM paNa sArI cAhanA ubhI karI che. 1971nA bhArata-pAkanA yudhdha vakhate maracA upara jIvasaTosaTanI laDAImAM aMdagInuM jokhama vahorIne paNa zreSTha sevAnuM udAharaNa pUruM pADyuM che. zrI zAha sAheba sAdhu saddhionI sevA karatAM rahyAM che. beMtAlIza varSa nA, sevAbhAvanAthI raMgAyelA temanA jIvanamAMthI zrI matI tarUlattA bahena jeo bharUca pAse hAMsoTanA vatanI che. atyaMta nikhAlasa ane nirADambara svabhAvanA zrI matI tarUbena Arya sannArIne zobhe tevA ucca guNe sAthe tabIbI kSetre kaMIka karavAnI apritama dhagaza dharAve che. zALA kelejamAM bhaNatA tyAre sAMskRtika pravRttiothI mAMDIne Aje paNa ucca zikSaNa meLavyA pachI vaidakIya pharaja uparAMta mahilA maMDaLo, pharsTa eIDanA meDIkala kempa, duSkALa rAhata pravRtti ane itara samAja sevA pravRttiomAM dilacaspI dharAve che. myujhIkane pitAne khAsa zekha che. A pa' ravAramAM ahiM mAna pratiSThA ane sevA bhAvanAmAM A nArI tuM nArAyaNI' ne Adarza sidhdha thayo jaNAya che kalA pratye uMDI abhirUcI dharAvanAra zrI tarUbenanI dharma-karmanI praNAlikA-vartamAna yuganI mahila'. ene anukaraNIya che. tabIbI kSetro zrImatI zAhe paNa noMdhanIya siddhi hAMsala karI che. pahelI samasyA re jI reTInI hatI. kizora vayanA lAlajIbhAIe eka kArakhAnAmAM karI lIdhI ane mAtAnA AgrahathI sITI hAIskUlamAM paNa javA lAgyA. paraMtu emane kamANI mATenI kaTokaTI evI tIvra hatI ke abhyAsanI vRtI dabAI gaI ane pitAnAthI zakya tevA udyama tarapha mana doDavA lAgyuM. je emanA jIvanane mukhya rAha banI rahyuM. thoDA ja samayamAM eka bhagIdAra sAthe lAkaDAnAM gheDA banAvavAnuM zarU karyuM. DIka kamANInAM darzana thayA ane kaMIka mUDI jevu hAthamAM AvatA eka meTa kadama uThAvyu. sAraMgapuramAM navI piLanI bahAra raNachoDa bhuvananAM DahelAmAM "pherja enDa bleara" nAmanI kaMpanInI sthApanA karI. e hatI 1935nI sAla jyAre ghaNA udyoge maMdIthI pIDAtA hatA. paraMtu enDa bleara" te janmathI taratuM ja rahyuM enuM eka ja rahasya e hatuM ke lAlajIbhAI pite khUba kuzaLa kArIgara hatA ane jAtamahenata emane jIvanamaMtra hate. zarUAtamAM kArakhAnuM nAnuM hatuM. paNa nasIbe yArI ApIne kAma purajozamAM cAlavA lAgyuM. eka ja prakAranA mAlathI saMteSa na mAnatA lAlajIbhAIe paMkhA ane derAdaDInAM mazIna paNa banAvIne bajAramAM mukyA. kArakhAnAnAM cakrAnI sAthe lAlajIbhAInA nasIbanuM caka paNa jhaDapabhera pharavA lAgyuM. hindanA udyogo mATe AzirvAdarUpa bananArU bIju vizvayuddha phATI nIkaLyuM ane lAlajIbhAInuM bhAgya camakI uThayu. yuddhane kAraNe peTrola durlabha banI gayu hatuM. amadAvAda zaherane basa vyavahAra paTela parathI khasIne kolasAnA gesa para goThavAye seMkaDo base ane khaTarAne peTrola na maLavAthI kolasAnA gesa mATenI keDIo phITa karavAnI pharaja paDI. nAnakaDA beilara jevI lekhaMDanI keDIemAM kolase jalate rAkhavA mATe (lekhaMDane paMkho) henDa bleara te joIe ja ane lAlajIbhAI te henDa bleara banAvatA hovAthI enA utpAdakomAM emanuM nAma prathama ane bIna harIpha hatuM. myunIsIpAlITI tathA utArU ane mAlanA khaTArA calAvanAra kaMpanIoe mesarsa "phersa enDa bleara' kaMpa nInA henDa bleara sATe kharekhara paDApaDI zarU karI. samayanI nADa barAbara pArakhIne lAlajIbhAIe "raNachoDa bhavana' nA DahelAmAMthI kArakhAnuM khaseDIne gomatIpuramAM vizALa jagyA rAkhIne temAM meTuM kArakhAnuM sthApyuM. samaya javA sAthe gomatIpuravALI jagyA paNa nAnI paDavA lAgI. lAlajIbhAIe nirNaya karI lIdho ke puruSArthane have sImA rahI nathI mATe jambara udyoganA pamAna para paga mAMDyA vinA chuTake nathI. evA udyoganI Adarza gaThavaNIne anurUpa jagyA naroDA reDa para lIdhI ane tyAM suMdara Ayojana sAthe AjanuM kArakhAnuM sva. zrI lAlajIbhAI jIvarAmabhAI gajajara, sAtamI sapTembara 1972ne gurUvAre gujarAtanA audyogika jagatane eka apUrva sitAro kharI paDayo. e divase amadAvAdamAM eka evo ajoDa mAnavI sadAne mATe piDhI gaye jeNe kevaLa ekale hAthe ane nakakara zrama vaDe pitAnA pasInAthI eka pracaMDa udyoga sthApIne vikasAvyo hate. jeNe sarjAyelAM yaMtrae ekalA bhAratamAM ja nahIM paNa jagatanA bajAramAM nAma kADhayuM che. chatAM enuM pitAnuM nAma kaI paNa ejInIyarIMga kelejane paDe neMdhAyu na hatuM. e udyogavIranuM nAma zrI lAlajIbhAI gajajara. janatAmAM jANItA "lA. gajajarI". amerIkAmAM pherIyAmAMthI kareDapati bananAra zAha sedAga ane udyogapatIonI romAcaMka jIvanakathAo ghaNI saMbhaLAya che ane vecAya che. eka evI ja ajIba jIvanakathA lAlajIbhAIe ghara AMgaNe gujarAtamAM sahanI najara samakSa sajI batAvI che. amadAvAdamAM jIvarAmabhAI nAmanA eka garIba chatAM saMskArI pitAne tyAM lAlajIbhAIno janma 21mI jUna 1917nAM roja thayo hato. emanA mAtAnuM nAma gaMgAba. e samayamAM ane kuTuMbanI je parI. thitI hatI temAM lAlajIbhAI aMgrejI cha copaDI sudhI Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 ? 70 jevA mATe teo jApAna gayelA ane tyAMthI pharI eka vAra amerIkA tathA yuropane pravAsa karele udyoga saMcAlaka nu zramabharyuM ane bharacaka kAmagIrIvALuM jIvana hovA chatA temane kalA, saMgIta ane phoTogrAphIne khUba zekha hate. 1969mAM pitAnI kalapanA ane AyeAjana pramANe Azrama reDa para temaNe baMdhAveluM "gajajara cembarsanI ImAratanuM bhavya ane manohArI sthApatya emanA zekha tathA rUcInI sAkSI rUpe che. svargastha lAlajIbhAI emanI pAchaLa traNa putro tathA traNa putrIone vilApa karatA mUkI gayA che. amadAvAda zaheramAM edyogIka gujarAtamAM pitAnuM nAma ane siddhi Ane rezana karI mukanAra sAhasavIra lAlajIbhAI gajajaranI A jIvanakathA che AvA jIvananA aMta tA 7-9-72 nA roja acAnaka AvyA tethI emanA kuTuMbIjano para vajInA je AghAta paDyo che. odyogIka kSetre eka tejasvI tAraka gumAvyA che. ane ame eka preraka tathA sahadathI sAthI gumAvyuM che. prabhu temanA AtmAne zAMtI Ape. khaDu karyuM. udyogapati tathA saMcAlaka tarIke lAlajIbhAInI keTalIka lAkSaNikatAo ajoDa hatI. mAlIka ke saMcAlakanI kuzAgra kebInamAMthI besIne udyoga calAvavAnuM emane kadI maMjura na hatuM. pitAnA kArakhAnAnA ejInIyara, TekanalojIsTa, ekasaparTa je kaho te teo ekalA ja hatA. kArakhAnAmAM adanA kArIgaranA jeTalI ja niyamIta rIte pote paNu AvavuM e emano prathama ane pAyAne niyama hate. AvyA pachI vividha vibhAgonI kAmagIrInuM nirIkSaNa ane cakAsaNI satata karyA kare. pote ApabaLe AgaLa vadhelA. hovAthI eke eka kAma eke eka kriyA ane eke eka mazInanI tathA kAmagIrIthI saMpUrNa vAkepha rahetA A janma kArIgara tarIke lAlajIbhAI dareka kAmamAM cokasAI, saphAI tathA paripUrNatAnA aNanama AgrahI hatA. parIpUrNatA e emanuM aNanama dhyeya hovAthI ja emane eke eka mAla bajAramAM capacapa upaDI jate. kArIgare paNa pitAnA kArIgara mAlIkanI bhAvanAne barAbara samajatA ane prasaMzA karatA. potAnA kArIgare ane emanI vacce parivAra jevo saMbaMdha haMmezA rahete. kartavya ane niSThAnI sAthe sAthe lAlajIbhAInI samapaniSThA paNa asAmAnya hatI. ghaDIyALanA kAMTA sAthe dainika kAryakramane anusaravAmAM emanI barAbarI bhalabhalA karI zakatA nahI. emane nityakrama joIne ghaDIyALane samaya meLavI zakAya ema kahevuM paNa vadhAre paDatuM nathI varSo vitavA sAthe eka ja cIlAne vaLagI rahevAne badale temaNe aneka dizAmAM utpAdana cAlu karyA hatA. 1940 mAM henDa bleara 42-43 mAM DrIlIMga mazInsa, pAvara blearsa, emarI grAInDIMga mazInsa 45-46 mAM sendrIyugala pampa vagere aMge "varUNa" nAM TreDa mArka nIce temaNe banAvelA ane varUNanA nAmane vAvaTo deza paradezamAM pharakAvela. Aje emanA mAlanI nikAsa sArA pramANamAM thAya che je enI uttamatAnuM pramANapatra gaNI zakAya. lAlajIbhAI 1966 tema ja 1967mAM yuropa amerIkA ane jApAnanI saphare gayelA ane tyAMnAM udyogomAMthI ghaNI preraNA paNa pAmelA chelle chelle IlekTrIka maTanuM utpAdana paNa cAlu karyuM hatuM. zAha vRjalAla bhagavAnadAsa vyApArI kuzaLatAthI AgaLa AvI jJAti sevAne kSetre jIvanane jhaLahaLatu banAvI jANanAra dhaLA pAse umarALAnA vatanI paNa dhaMdhAthe varSothI bhAvanagarane vatana banAvI peDhI dara peDhIthI kApaDanI lAInamAM dhIkate vyApAra ane tenuM saphaLa saMcAlana karanAra zrI vRjalAlabhAIne mAtra pAMca aMgrejI sudhIneja abhyAsa paNa haiyA ukalatane kAraNe kArya kuzaLatAthI dhaMdhAmAM jamAvaTa karI gujarAtamAM ane bahAra vyApArI AlamamAM pratiSThA prApta karI. dhArmika pravRttio, yAtrAo, saMghapUjana ane surimahArAjAonA sa ta paricayamAM rahIne mAMgalika kAryomAM temanAthI thaI zake te yatkiMcita phALe haMmezA ApatA rahyAM che. dharmapremI ane paragaju svabhAvanA zrI vajubhAIe potAnA putra parivAramAM paNa A ucca saMskAro reDyA hoI temanA cAra suputro ane traNa suputrioe e saMskAra vArasAne dIpAvI jANe che. saurASTramAM ane muMbaImAM umarALAvALAnuM kuTuMba ghaNuM ja mAnabharyuM sthAna dharAve che. bhAvanagaramAM kApaDanI agraNI peDhIomAM ArAdhanA kaletha sTorsa agraNI peDhI tarIke jANItI che. temanA purUSArtha ane pragatinA pratika samI A peDhIno vadhu vikAsa thAya tevI zubhecchA. 1969mAM lAlajIbhAInA dharmapatnI savitAbahenane svargavAsa thayo. emanI smRtine aMjalI paNa viziSTa Dhabe ApI. lAlajIbhAIe seMkaDe vidyArthIone sahAya karavA mATe 1966mAM lAlajIbhAI jIvarAma gajajara pablIka ejyukezanala enDa cerITebala TrasTanI sthApanA karelI jemAMthI vidyAthIone phI tathA pustaka apAya che. sadarahu TrasTamAMthI aneka vidhavA bahenane ArthIka madada tathA garIone zastrakIyA sahIta tamAma sAravAra davA vagere mATe saMpUrNa madada apAya che. A uparAMta emaNe ghaNuM dAna paNa karyuM hatu. 1970mAM ekasapa zrI vRjalAla prabhudAsa pArekha plAsTika utpAdanane kSetre eka agraNI udyogapati che. dezanA dasa agatyanA udyogomAM plAsTikano udyoga mahatvapUrNa sthAna dharAve che. A udyoganA pramukha utpAdakamAM zrI vrajalAla pArekhanI gaNanA thAya che. abhyAsano ekaDo ghuMTavAnI zarUAta zrI vRjalAlabhAIe muMbaImAM karI aDhAra Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha gra tha varSanI vaye, vyAvasArSika bananA bhArata sAme bela zunyane haTAvI tene sthAne ekaDo mUkavAnA purUSA paNu temaNe muMbaImAM AryAM ane te ekaDA upara saphaLatAnA mIDA caDAvavAnI kAbeliyata paNa temaNe muMbaImAMja hastagata karI. kApaDa mArkeTamAM thoDA samaya mATe nAkarI karyA bAda zrI vrajalAlabhAIe haidrAbAdamAM banatAM aTananA vyApAra zarU karyo. sAputa parizrama sAthe temaNe e vyavasAyane vikasAvye| ane nezanala baTana phekaTarInI sthApanA karI "baTanavAlA" kahevAyA. vyApArI jIvanane Abe meLavelA e nAmanI smRti Aje paNa temanA phaleTane daravAje gaurava bhera aMkita thayelI che. plAsTika yuganA eMdhANa pArakhI zrI majalAlabhAI e plAsTikanA vyavasAyane vikasAvavA peAtAnI saghaLI vyApAra zakita kendrIta karI ane nezanala plAsTika inDasTrIjha sthApI eka vizALa udyogane kSetre padApaNa karyuM. pragatino mArgarUpatA atarAyAne daDha manobaLathI dUra karIne zrI mazAlabhAIe navA udyoga kSetre pI vikAsa sAdhya karyAM. vilepArle (pUrva), pavaI ane gogAma be sthaLoe AvelI, vatana mazInarI ane sAdhanAthI suraja nezanala plAsTika InDasTrIjhanI phekaTarI nAna mAM nAnI cIjathI mAMDI moTAmA moTI vastu sudhInAM zithI laI Drama sudhInAM-sAdhanAnuM vizALa pAyA upara utpAdana thaI rahela che. A vyavasAyane vyasti ane draDha pAyA upara mUkIne zrI vallAlabhAI e tenA pUrNa bhAra potAnA putrAne soMpI dIdhA che. pitAnI rAhabarI nIce tAlima pAmelA A bhAio je udyogane temaja tenA utpAdanonA vecANanI vyavasthAne dakSatA pUrvaka saMbhALI rahyA che. phalasvarUpe zrI vrajalAlabhAi vyavasAya nivRtta banI zakayA che. vyavasAyanA vikAsane pagale pagale sAMpaDelI saMpatti nahIM paNa dhananA paDachAyA banIne AvatA kArane aLagA rAkhavAnI sva prayatne kaLathI zaktieja zrI jalAlabhAInA kAnapurapAnI sAthI siddhi che. dasa varSanI vaye ja mAtAnA lADhakoDathI vimukha banelA zrI majalAlabhAI mAtRRNuM ThA kara vAnA dharma visaryAM nathI. moTA khuMTavaDAnA lokapriya kAra zrI. zAntilAla modInA hAryAM dizA sUcanane mAnya rAkhI kanyAzALA sAthe potAnAM mAtuzrI premakuvAnI smR niMne temaNe sAkaLI lIdhI che. te sAce ja pitA pratyenA putra dharmanA pAlananA pratIka rUpe kanyAzALAnA bhavana sAthe peAtAnAM pitAzrInu nAma saMkalita karI temaNe pitRRNa adA karyuM che. kanyAzALA mATe Avazyaka sAdhanA mATenu phaMDa ekatra karavA peAtAnI lAgavaga ane zaktine kAme lagADI te sahAyabhUta banyA che. potAnA vatana moTA khuMTavaDAmAM pitAzrI prabhudAsa rAmajInAM puNyArthe tA. 20-4-72 nA "netrayajJa" karyAM. Do. avyu tathA sAthIoe 425 eparezana karyA. te badhAM ja saphaLa thayAM. dardIe sa the AvanAra A badhAMne pAgaraNe joyAnuM thamAM pageruM na phrI hatuM. A uparAMta sAmAjika kalyANanuM kArya karanI vividha saMsthAone temanI dAstAnA lAbha maLane ro che.zrI majjAmAI temanAM dharmapatnI zrImanI kamaLAbahena tathA temanA parivArane svAsthyapUrNa dIpa Ayu ane sukha prApta thAo evI zubha kAmanA che. 957 rojha vRjalAla harajIvanadAsa mULa mahuvAnA vatanI ane khetInA vyavasAya kareche, sAdAi ane vinamratAnI mUrti udyoga kSetre sAmAnya kArakunathI mAMDIne krame krame saTI menejara sudhInI javAbadArI niSThA pUrvaka adAkarI mahuvA nagarapAlikA mahuvA keLavaNI sahAyaka samAja ane anya nAnI moTI saMsthAe sAthe eka yA bIjI rIte sakaLAyela. 1942 nI hiMDo" caLavaLanA samaya thI dezada!jhanI laganI lAgI ane sevAne kSetre jhaMpalAvyuM bAlamaMdiranI sthApanAmAM paNa pAne mahatvanA rasa lIdho che. duSkALa rAhatanA kAmomAM ane anya nAnI moTI kudaratI Aphata vakhate tana manathI zakaya sevA apI` che. zrI vRjalAlabhAi vAcananA paNa zokhIna che. dezanA ghaNA bhAArganuM pazcimanu karyuM che, jahA mitrasakala dharAve che, vyApArI vargamAM ane Ama janavAmAM saunA sanmAnanIya banI zakaya che. Avana khAdIdhArI gAma nirmANu samAjanA sabhya tarIke hatA. prA. zrI vAsudevabhAI viSNuprasAda pAThaka amadAvAdanA sAhityakAromAM jemanI gaNanA thAya che. saMskRta dhamAgadhI sAthe ema. e. thayAM. amadAvAdanI bI. DI. kolejamAM 1969 thI saMskRta-abdhamAgadhI vibhA ganA pradhyApaka ane adhyakSa tarIkenA temanA anubhavo che bhujanI lAlana kolejamAM be banI saphaLa kAmagIrI. gujarAta yunivarsiTImAM phekalTI ek ArTasa ejyu. mAM mAnada sabhya, 1973 thI saMskRta bhAI eka sTaDIjhamAM paNa 173 thI mAnada sabhya, rAmAyaNa pracAra samitinA be thayuM mahAmatrI uparAMta bRhada gujarAta saMskRta pariSada, ela. Ai. sI., ena. sI. sI. vageremAM paNa kAmanA anubhava sa MskRta, guja rAtI ane hindInA sAtheka jeTalA pustakanuM saMpAdana, kAvyo, nATako vargamAM bhAre rasa evuM nahI pazu abhinayeAmAM InAma paNa meLavyA. ghaNI bhASAone paNa paricaya. Ama vividha kSetre yazakIrti meLavyA che. A uparAMta anya sAMskRtika pravRttio gA-rAsa-vakatRtya spardhA, adhyApana, lekhana, pravAsa vageremAM temanu yogadAna viziSTa prakAranuM che. keTalIka dhArmika ane sAmAjika saMsthAo sAthe paNa zrImatI paThaka saMkaLAyelA che. .

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958 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 zrI vAsudeva rAmacaMdra ka 196pa mAM gujarAta rAjya kakSAe zreSTha zikSakane erDa te vakhatanA bhAratanA vaDApradhAna zrI lAlabahAdura zAstrIne varada haste prApta karanAra mahesANAnA vatanI zrI vAsudevabhAI kane mahesANAnA zikSaNakSetre chelalA ADatrIsa varSathI mahatvano phALo rahyo che. Aje mahesANAnI nyu presIva hAIskUlanuM teo saphaLa saMcAlana karI rahyAM che. potAnA svabaLe pragati sAdhanAra zrI kave sAhebe bhUtakALamAM mahesANA tAlukA vyAyAma maMDaLanI zarUAta karI jillA ane rAjya saMcAlaka maMDaLanI zarUAta karavAmAM paNa phALo ApyA ane Aje paNa mahesANA roTarI kalaba ane mahesANA jillA bAlakalyANa saMdha jevI saMsthAo sAthe ghaniSTa rIte saMkaLAyelA che. Ayojana ane tenA amalane khAsa zekha dharAve che. zrI. vADIlAla bI. mahetA svayaM AvIne mAnavIne vare che ne pachI Avo mAnavI kAMte e bhAgyalakSmInA mehamAM paDIne jIvana phanA kare che athavA kaI virala dharmakarma tarapha vaLIne bhAgyalakSmIne dipAvI jIvana sArthaka kare che. zrI mahetA, e kakSAnI vyakti che. madhyamavagI mAnavIonI muMjhavaNamAM ane tevA varga sahAnubhUtimAM zrI mahetA sAhebe bhAre rasa dAkhavyo che. kAyama AMkha ane kAna ughADA rAkhI AsapAsanI dareka vastumAMthI preraNA meLavatA zrI mahetA sAheba ghaNA varSothI roTarI kalabanI sAmA jika pravRttio dvArA janasamAjanA sAmAjika praznomAM paNa rasa le che. 1960-61 roTarI kalabanA pramukha tarIke, 1957-62 mAM rAjakeTamAM benkarsa rIkrIezana kalabanA pramukha tarIke, nA-sahakArathI taraphathI 1956-62 mAM saurASTra oIla enDa oIla sIDajha esesIezana lI. nA DAyarekaTara tarIke, 1956-62 mAM inDIyana paMjara maracanTa esasIezana lI. nA DAyarekaTara tarIke temanI sevAo jANItI che. samagra bhArata pravAsa karyo che. rASTranA Arthika utthAnamAM benka dvArA je krAMtinI apekSA rAkhavAmAM Ave che temAM teo atyAre sTeTa benka opha saurASTra dvArA petAne yazabhAgI banavAnI je taka maLI che tene mATe pite gorava anubhave che ane jarUra paDe bhaviSyamAM benkanI sevA bAda vyakitagata rIte paNa A yajJamAM Ahuti ApavAnuM pasaMda kare che. anya sAMskRtika pravRttio, peTa sa, krikeTa, TenIsa, velIbola ane gArDanIMgane paNa khAsa zekha dharAve che. ghaNA ja premALa ane nikhAlasa svabhAvanA che. zrI vADIlAla catrabhuja gAMdhI svabaLa svabuddhi ane prakhara puruSArthathI sukItine varelA zrI vADIbhAIno janma saurASTra mA thayo hato phakta cha aMgrejIne abhyAsa karI 1920 mAM pitAnA pitAnI pAse muMbaI AvyA bacapaNamAM ja teoe mAtRchAyA gumAvI hatI. sAhasapriya zrI vADIbhAI zarUAtamAM jhaverAtanAM dhaMdhAmAM rahyAM. paNa jIvanamAM navA navA prayogo karanAra zrI vADIbhAIne ekaja dhaMdhAthI saMtoSa kema thAya ? temaNe jhaverAtanA dhaMdhAmAMthI zera bajAramAM jhukAvyuM, pachI rUbajAramAM kimatanA pAsA pheMkyA ane tyAra pachI kApaDa bajAra tarapha emanuM lakSa kheMcAyuM. A divasomAM ApaNe tyAM vilAyatI kApaDanA bahiSkAra karavAnI caLavaLa jorazoramAM cAlatI hatI zrI vADIlAlabhAImAM rASTrapremanI bhAvanA hatI. emanA pitA sva zrI catrabhUja gAMdhI sAthe vilAyatI kApaDanA vecANane virodha karI temaNe pratijJA lIdhI ke pite vilAyatI kApaDane sadaMtara bahiSkAra karavAmAM pitAthI banate badhe phaLa Apaze ane svadezI kApaDanuM vecANa kema vadhe e temanuM dhyeya raheze. Ama svadezI kApaDanA udyogane avAranavAra zrI vADIbhAIe 1921 mAM maMgaladAsa mArkeTa khAte svadezI kApaDanI kaTapIsanI sabhya ne zrI vADIlAla mahetA taLAjAnA vatanI che nAnI vayamAM svabaLe vakIlAtanuM zikSaNa prApta karyuM pitAnI AgavI pratibhAthI InkamaTekasa kAyadAnA kSetramAM AvelA zrI mahetA e khaMta ane mahatva kakSA nA sumeLa sAthI uttarouttara jhaDapI karI potAnI kAryazakti ane kuzAgratAne saune paricaya karAvya vyavasAyane samRdhdha karyo vyavahArU ane vyApAra vANijyanuM jIvanapayogI zikSaNa prApta karyuM taLAjA nagarapAlikAnA keTalAka samaya pramukha rahyAM zetalagaMgA khAMDa utpAdana saha maMDaLInA ceramena jillA zAsaka koMgresa kArabArI nA sabhya ema aneka saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA zrI mahetAnI sevAone dhyAnamAM laI temane je. pI. nuM bIruda maLyuM zikSaNa kSetre AgaLa vadhatA ghaNu vidyArthIone temaNe gupta madada karyAnI hakIkata achatI rahI nathI. dhArmika ane keLavaNI kSetranA evA ghaNA TrasTanA TrasTIo tarIke Aje paNa sevA ApI rahyAM che taLAjA sudharAInA vahIvaTa pramukha tarIkenI kAmagIrI daramyAna nagara niyojana anDara grAunDa Dreneja yojanA madhyamavarganA mANasone najIvI kiMmate pleTo eleTa karAvavAmAM mahatvano phALo majura maMDaLI karIAta maMDaLI vageremAM sakriya mArgadarzana Aja sudhI ApatA rahyAM che. zrI vinayakAta kAntilAla mahetA sattAvana varSanI uMmaranA amadAvAdanA vatanI zrI mahetA sAheba beMkIgane ucca abhyAsa karI 1937thI benkIMgakSetre yazasvI sevA ApI rahyAM che. mAtA-pitA pAsethI maLelA dhArmika saMskAra ane niSThA, purUSArtha ane karmanA triveNI saMgama vaDe temane jIvana bAga Aje mahekI rahyo che. siddhi cAnamAM letA ghaNA vi. dhArmika

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha dukAna nAMkhI. temanA A svataMtra sAhasamAM teo khUba ja phaLIbhUta thayA ane temaNe kApaDanA utpAdananA dhaMdhAmAM dRSTi doDAvI temanI dIrdhadaSTinA pariNAme teo eka pachI eka sopAno sara karavA lAgyA. - have dhaMdhAnA vikAsa mATe temanI dRSTi dariyApAranA dezo para paDI. eka nyu ne bAda karatAM ATha vakhata emaNe videzayAtrA kheDI che. nAnapaNathI ja emane gaLathuthImAM dhaMdhAkIya pravRtti varelI che. udyogapati banIne ja saMtoSa pAmyA nathI. temaNe deza netAo sAthe AjhAdInI caLavaLamAM paNa sakriya bhAga lIdhe che. vataMtratA maLyA bAda zrI vADI bhAIe emano samaya dhArmika, rAjakIya, sAmAjika ane zaikSaNika sevAnA kAryomAM ja moTA bhAge parovyA che, jaina tIrtho saMgha, sAmAjika ane zaikSaNika vagere aneka saMsthAo sAthe teo gADha rIte saMkaLAelA che. ane temAM pramukha, TrasTI jevA ucca pade rahI sArI evI sevA ApatA AvyA che zrI vADIbhAIe svAzraya ane svakamANIthI meLavela dravyano sAro evo saduupayoga karyo che. temanA mAtuzrI narmadAbAI catrabhujanA nAmathI Aja sudhImAM lAkhanI rakama dhArmika ane sAmAjika kArya mATe dAnamAM ApI che jemAM ghATakopara khAtenI gurukuLa saMsthA. prAyamarIthI mAMDIne TekanIkala sudhInI zALA, ghATakoparamAM AvelI hospITala ane bhAvanagaramAM esa. ena. DI. TI. kelejamAM ApelI sukhavata vagerene samAveza thAya che. teo jema dAnavIra che tema dharmavIra paNa che. sva. munirAja zrI kapuravijayajI mahArAje rajanI eka sAmAyika traNa navakAra gaNIne-karavAnI je AjJA ApI hatI te Aje paNa cAlu che. teo jaina . kenpharansamAM 25 varSathI rasa laI rahyA che. ghATakoparamAM tAjetaramAM baMdhAyela narmadAbAI pauSadhazALA, upAzraya tathA jinAlaya ubhA karavAnuM zreya paNa emanA phALe jAya che. temanI rAjakIya pravRttimAM sane 1962 mAM teo cembara (muMbaI) mAMthI vidhAna sabhya tarIke cUMTAI AvyA hatAM. sane 1948 thI teo zrI je. pI. tarIke kAma karI rahela che ane nAnA-moTA sahune emanI A padavIne acchika lAbha teo ApI rahyA che. teo haMmezA janakalyANa mATe sAthe ane Arthika lAbha ApatA AvyA che. dezapara kaI kudaratI Aphata jevI ke dukALa, rela dharatI kaMpa, duzamane ApaNA deza para hale vagere bAbatamAM teo zrI haMmeza jAgRta rahyA che. temaja e sivAya bIjA anya kSetre karavAnA kAmamAM emanA dAnane pravAha satata vahete rahyo che. zrI viThThaladAsa narabherAma saMghavI. - saurASTranA bIlakhA pAse moTA keTaDAnA vatanI zrI viThThaladAsabhAI saMghavIe ghaNA varSothI muMbaImAM vasavATa karI svataMtra dhaMdhAnI sAthe dharma ane samAja sevAnI pravRttithI sArI evI khyAti meLavI che. traNa aMgrejI sudhIne ja abhyAsa paNa anubhavI haiyA ukalatathI vyApAramAM sArI evI siddhi hAMsala karI che. 1927thI 1935 sudhI karI dvArA keTaleka jAta anubhava meLavyo. saTa nirNaya karavAnI zakti ane pramANIkatAne laI 1937 thI svataMtra dhaMdhAnI zarUAta karI je potAnA buddhi baLe dhaMdhAne vikasAvatAM rahyAM 1942 thI cAlatA muMbaImAM saurASTra dazA zrImALI sevA sa gha jJAti maMDaLa dvArA cAlatA jJAti sevAnA kSetramAM tathA jIvadayA ane anya sAmAjIka kAmamAM pitAnAthI bane teTalI yatkiMcita sevA ApatA rahyAM che. zrI vacharAja jIvarAjabhAI pArekha, sAvarakuMDalAnA prakhyAta pArekha kuTuMbamAM janma thayo. kApaDanA vepArI, AgevAna nAgarika vyavahAra kuzaLa ane vepArI kuneha dharAvatA uparAMta dharma ane samAjanA kAryomAM AgaLa paDate bhAga the che. temanA suputra bhAI jayaMtilAla nAnI ummaramAM muMbaImAM vepAra sara karyo che. marIna DrAiva jevA lattAmAM teo "kalA-niketana" nAmanI dukAna calAve che. jyAM grAhakone paNa kayUmAM (lAInamAM) ubhuM rahevuM paDe tevI bhIDa hoya che. kalA-niketana phezananI duniyAnuM eka AgaLa paDatuM nAma che. sva. zrI. vIracaMda pAnAcaMda zAha. niHspRhI karmaNI zrI vIracaMdabhAIne janma samaDhi- yALA (hAlanuM vIranagara) gAmamAM eka sAmAnya vaNika kuTuMbamAM I sa. 1888na me mAsanI 11mI tArIkhe thaye hato. pitAnuM nAma zrI pAnAcaMda viThalajI zAha ane ma tAnuM nAma zrImatI kesarabena hatuM. zrI vIracaMdabhAI temanA pAMcamAM putra hatA. aneka saMgharSa veThI teoe abhyAsa karyo ane zAmaLadAsa kelejamAMthI I. sa. 1916mAM bI. e. thayA zikSaNa pratye atyaMta UMDI abhirucine kAraNe teoe pitAnA bhatrIjAone zALAmAM dAkhala karAvyAM ane AgaLa vadhavA pretsA hana ApyuM. vaLI garIba vidyArthIone madada karavI, madada karAvavI sabhAo bharI vidyArthIomAM saMskAra reDAya te mATe pravacana karavAM vagere kAryo temanAM jIvanamAM svAbhAvika banI gayAM hatAM. gItAjInA "anAsati vega pramANe jIvana jIvavuM ane "ajAta zatru banavuM e emanA jIvanane Adarza hato. emanA jIvana para pUjya gAMdhIjInI saMpUrNa asara hatI. emanA jIvanamAM khAnagI jevuM kazuM na hatuM emanuM jIvana eTale zrI ane saMskAranuM subhaga milana abhyAsa pUro karI teo vyApAramAM joDAyA. potAnA Adarzane vaLagI rahIne paNa vyApAramAM khUba pragati karI zakyA. teo sAcA arthamAM vepArI hatA ema kahevuM yathArtha che. dhaMdhAnI sAthe sAthe rahyA che. Jain Education Intenational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 sAmAnya saMgamAMthI ApabaLe "zunyamAMthI sarjana" karanArAomAM bhAIzrI zaradabhAI eka che. jeo Aje TIna pleTa lAInanA vyavasAyamAM khUbaja lekapriya che. eTaluM ja nahI paNa khUba uMcI pratiSThA prApta karI zakyA che. vyApArI kSetre mAnavInA jIvananI unnatI ane vizALa pragatInuM mukhya pAna jo koI paNa hoya te dhaMdhAnI pramANikatA ja che pramANikatA enI pAchaLa pratiSThA ane sAthe paisAne paNa kheMcI lAve che. A vAtanI satyatA zrI zaradabhAInA vyApArI jIvanamAM jevA, anubhavavA maLe che. teozrIe pitAnA dhaMdhAmAM pramANikatA ne pradhAnatA ApI che. je anekene preraNArUpa che. meLavelI lakSmInI sthiratA ane abhivRddhi to be kAraNosara thaI zake. eka te suyogya rIte dAna dvArA lakSmIno sadvyaya ane bIjo dhArmika vRttipravRttione vikAsa. bhAIzrI zaradabhAI keIpaNa jAtanI kItanA mehamAM paDyA vagara pitAnI lakSmIne dareka kSetre sadvyaya karatA rahyAM che. ane chellA be varasathI zAntAkrujhanA zrI kuMthunAthajI jaina derAsarajI TrasTanA TrasTIpade rahI pitAnI sevA ApatA rahyA che. nAnA moTA samAraMbhe prasaMge utsAhI udAra ane saMskArI evA bhAvanagaranA ja vatanI zrI zaradabhAI gujarAtI samAjanuM gaurava che. zrI zaMbhuprasAda ema trivedI temano sAmAjika saMsthAo sAtheno saMparka paNa vadhatuM jate hato teo saMniSTha sAmAjika kAryakara rAjakIya kAryakara, ane dhArAsabhya banyA. i. sa. 1930-32 daramyAna teo rAjadvArI kedI tarIke kArAvAsamAM rahyA hatA. racanAtmaka kArya mATe teoe potAnuM janma sthaLa samaDhiyALAne kAryakSetra banAvyuM. ahiM teoe "grAma sudhAraNA samitinI sthApanA karI ane vaidakiya rAhata zikSaNa, gRhaudyoga khetI sudhAraNA, harijana pravRtti vagere leka kalyANanAM kAryo karyA. zikSaNa ane vaidakIya madada e che te jANe temanAM vrata hatAM. vIranagaranI atyAranI be saMsthAo "saurASTra senTrala hospiTala ane vIranagara keLavaNI maMDaLa saMcAlita hAIskUla tathA bAlamaMdiramAM janma ane vikAsamAM tenI preraNA ane sadbhAvanA kArya karI rahyAM che. teoe dIrdhadaSTithI vicArI sva. prayatna nANu ekaThAM karyA judAM judAM TrasTo karyA ke jethI saMsthAone nANAMkiya madada maLatI rahe ane kArya avirata cAlyA kare aDhaLaka saMpattine pratiSThA prApta karyA chatAM teo A sarvemAM "jaLakamaLavat" rahyA hatA. lokee teonI sevAnA smaraNamAM gAmanuM nAma badalIne Isa. 1948mAM "vIranagara" rAkhyuM. temanA vizALa hadayamAM duniyAnA sarva lokonAM duHkha dUra karavAnI tamannA hatI. teoe pU. bApujIne lakhelA eka patramAM jaNAvyuM che ke ApaNe jagatanI parAdhIna prajAne mukata karAvavA phALe ekaThe karavo joIe. teonI A vicAraNu teone AMtararASTriya vicArakanI haroLamAM gaNana patra sthAne besADe che. - I. sa. 11-10-1959nI madhyarAtrIe A saMsAramAMthI teoe cira vidAya lIdhI. teone deha nAza pAme che paraMtu jIvananA sarvatamUkhI dhyeyane sarvotkRSTha mArga dvArA hAMsala karavA jIvAyela teonuM jIvana ja teonA vArasa mATe amara jyota banI rahela che. - sadAye mita-prarAnna cahere, prema nItaratI vANI ane nirAbhimAnanI pratimUti samA vIracaMdabhAIne jeoe eka vakhata nihALyA che temanA mAnasapaTa parathI te temanuM citra kadI vilIna thaze ja nahi. zrI zaradabhAI jayaMtIlAla zAha zarada jevAM zAMta, saujanya prakRttivALA, mIlanasAra, saunA prItipAtra bane tevA suzIla, vinamra, sadaguNa dharA- vatA zrI zaradabhAI yathA nAma tathA guNA" jevA che. zrI zaradabhAI je zAhane janma saM. 1981 nA piSa suda 6 nA roja thayo hate. vyavahArika abhyAsa pure karI zrI zaradabhAI e phakata 18 varSanI nAnI vaye dhaMdhArthe muMbai tarapha najara doDAvI temanI ApasUjha ane dhaMdhAnI dhagaza temanA vyavasAyanI eka gauravabharI saphaLatA che. taddana kapaDavaMjanA dharmaparAyaNa mAtA pitA pAsethI prApta karelA zreSTha saMskAra bIja temanA jIvananI aneka dhArmika AdhyAtmika sevAmaya pravRttio rUpe mahorI uThIne keTalAya jInuM mAMgalya karI rahyA che. meDha samasta brahmasamAjanA upapramukha temaja pramukha pade temaja ghATakopara brAhmaNa samAjamAM paNa temanI pramukha tarIke temanI sevA jANItI che. zrImad bhagavatagItA pAThazALAnI adhyAtma vikAsa preraka sarva pravRttiemAM teo je sakriya kArya karatAM rahyAM che ane parama pUjya zAstrIjI zrI pAMDuraMga AThavelanA AzirvAda ane chatrachAyA pAmIne pacIsa varSathI janatAmAM dhArmika saMskAronI vRddhi karanArI pravRttiomAM hRdaya pUrvaka sAtha ApatA rahyA che. temanI dharmakSetranI virala sevAbhAvanAthI prasanna thaIne zrIdvAra kApITha zrImad zaMkarAcArya zrI abhinava saccidAnaMdatIrtha mahArAje temane dharmabhUSaNa padavIrUpe savizeSa AzirvAda dIdhA che. temanI ophIsa jJAtijanonI sabhA bharavAnuM kendra banI rahI che traNa dAyakAthI teo saphaLatA ane kuneha pUrvaka temanI cArTarDa ekAunTanTasanI trivedI enDa ku.nuM saMcAlana karI rahyA che. e kSetramAM paNa temaNe prApta karelI pratiSThAne sadAye vistaratI joI che. bhAratamAM yojAelI cArTaDa ekAunTanTanI aneka pariSadamAM bhAga levA uparAMta 1967 mAM pirIsamAM bharAyelI navamI InTaranezanala konpharansa opha ekAunTanTasamAM bhAratanA pratinidhi tarIke upasthita rahIne levAnI vigata draya yuvaka kApI Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha bhAratIya saMskRti saujanya ane karma kezalyanI videzamAM paNa kIrti kelAvI che. A che temanI yazagAthA. zrI zAmajIbhAI mAvajIbhAI pArekha zrI zAmajIbhAI pArekhane AjanA kapALa samAje pitAnA lADakavAyA tarIke apanAvyA che. samAdhAnavRtti, jijJAsupaNuM, hAtha dharelA kArya paratvenI cIvaTa ane kAMIka navuM karI chUTavAnI mane vRtti vagere khAsIyatane laI sAmAnya jikakSetre vyApArI kSetre, sevAkSetre AjanuM sthAna nirUpavAmAM temaNe mahatvano bhAga bhajavyo che. zrI zAmajIbhAI janmabhUmi calALAmAM prAthamika zikSaNa meLavI amarelI hAIskUlamAM abhyAsa karavA kapaLa beDiMgamAM I. sa. 1921 mAM dAkhala thayAM. I. sa. 1925 mAM meTrIka pAsa karI muMbaImAM ImporTa ekasaparTa kampanImAM dAkhala thayAM. I. sa. 1927mAM ITAliyana ku. mesarsa gorI li. mAM yArnanA selsamena tarIke joDAyA. ArTa sIlka kApaDa banAvavAnA udyoganI ApaNA dezamAM zarUAta hatI. e vakhate 1938 mAM bhAgIdArImAM vijaya sIta mIrasa hanI sthApanA karI. A mIlanuM bIjI sIlka mIla sAthe joDANa karI 1944 mAM azoka sIka mIsanA nAmathI udyoganuM vistRtikaraNa karyuM. udyoga ane vyApAra arthe 1948 mAM prathama videza yAtrA karI. navI vela veTa mazInarI prathama ja hindustAnamAM maMgAvI dhI Aditya TekasTAIla InDasTrIjha prA. lI. nAmanI ku. ubhI karI, bhArata vijaya velveTa enDa sIka mIlsa nAmanI mala sthApI ane bhArata velaveTanA nAmathI veTa tathA sIgheTIka kApaDanuM utpAdana zarU karyuM. kapALa ke-opareTIva benka lI. mAM 1963 sudhI agIyAra varSa sevA ApI. jUdI jUdI audyogika ane vyApArI saMsthAomAM joDAine rasapUrvaka saMcAlana karI rahyAM che. jagatanI sevA mATenI nAmAMkita saMsthA reTarI kalabanA sInIyara ekaTIva membara che pArekha, dozI, kapALa boDiMgamAM 1959 thI TrasTI tarIke cAlu che. keLavaNI ane sAmAjika pravRttiomAM khUba ja rasa dharAve che. paMcAla zAntilAla motIlAla hAla kepTana- aneka tAlima tathA sAmAjika kAmanA kempamAM bhAga lIdhe che. hAla svayaMpAkI hosTelanA rekaTara tarIkenI kAmagIrI - vallabha vidyAnagara ko. opa. hAusiMga sosAyaTInA mAnada maMtrI tarIke kolejanI madhyastha samitimAM 9 varSathI sabhya, vallabha vidyAnagaranI lAyansa kalabanA sthApaka sabhya, ane sAmAjika kAryomAM rasa laI rahyAM che. zrI zAntibhAI kAnajIbhAI medI aitihAsika gaNAtA khuMTavaDA gAmanA nagarazeTha harajIvanadAsa medInA pAtra zrI zAnubhAI moTA khuMTavaDAnA vatanI ane hAla mahavAmAM jAhera kSetre kAma karI rahyAM che. zrI modIe 1942 nI bhArata choDo AMdolana vakhate jelayAtrA jogavI hatI. lokazAhI samAjavAdInI prakrIyA mujaba tAlukA kegresa samiti; mavA tAlukA kha- ve saMgha, mahuvA tAlukA grAma nirmANa samAja khuMTavaDA grAma paMcAyata yuvaka maMDaLa tAlukA paMcAyata, jillA paMcAyatasahakArI pravRtti vageremAM ghaNA varSothI AgaLa paDato bhAga laI rahyAM che. gujarAta rAjya ke opareTIva mArkeTIMga presesa kamiTinA sabhya pade paNa temanI niyukti thaI che. sva. zrI zAMtilAla cunIlAla kapAsI cuDA (saurASTra) nivAsI muMbaInA nAmAMkita udyogapati zrI zAMtilAla cunilAla kapAsInuM tA. 18-8-73 nA roja 65 varSanI ummare muMbaI khAte duHkhada avasAna thayuM temanuM jIvana anukaraNiya ane preraNApreraka hoi, tenI TuMkI noMdha samAja samakSa atre ame raju karIe chIe. jIvanamAM kaMika prekSaNiya karI batAvavAnI dhagazane kAraNe sva. ne nija vatananuM kSetra apUratu lAgavAthI muMbaImAM AvI, sAhasika svabhAvane kAraNe "saTTA"mAM jhaMpalAvyuM ane Arthika unnati sAdhavA Agekadama uThAvyuM. te kSetre paNa sarvAgINa vikAsa cAhatA temanA dilane anukULa na lAgyuM. ane svataMtrapaNe udyoga kSetramAM praveza karavA nAnA pAyAne zIvavAnA dorAne vyavasAya zarU karyo. temAM paNa pragati ThIka na lAgatA temanI dIrgha daSTie eka anokhuM ja kSetra zodhI kADhayuM. ane te "beDI biDIMga" udyoga A udyoganI sthApanA temaNe 1947 mAM karI. A dharakhama udyoga ApaNA dezamAM sthApanAra teo prathama ja hatA tema kahI zakAya. A udyogamAM joItI vicakSaNa buddhimattA, sAhasikapaNuM, AgavI sUjha ane temAMya AvI paDanArI Arthika viTaMbaNAono sAmane karavAnI ane temAMthI mArga kADhavAnI jhINI buddhi vi. teomAM hovAthI teo beDI bilDIMganA udyogane eTalI ucca kakSAe laI gayA ke je je udyoga mAtra ApaNuM dezamAM ja nahiM paraMtu paradezamAM paNa nAmanA meLavI ane Aje emaNe sthApela "rUbI InDasTrIjha" ane pAchaLathI " rUbI koca bilDarsa 1961 mAM B. A. 1963mAM entire Philosophy sAthe M. A-M A. abhyAsanA samaye phelezepI maLatI hatI. 163 mAM vallabha vidyAnagaranI nalinI enDa araviMda ArTasa kolejamAM prAdhyApaka tarIke joDAyA chellA 15 varSathI vizvanA dharmonA adhyApananuM kArya- A uparAMta Logic ane Philosophy nuM adhyayana kArya vizvanA pramukha dharmo nAmanuM pustaka zrI paMDayAnA sahalekhanathI lakhyuM- sadara pustaka che. 5. yuninA F.Y.B.A.nA kesa mATe mAnya thayuM che. N. C. C. ophisara tarIke 11 varSanI ujavala kArakirdI Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 mA temanuM netRtva vagere tathA amaladAro sAte sAmAjika praznonI rajUAtamAM ane vividha kSetre karelI kAmagIrInA anubhavothI bhareluM temanuM jIvana che. jAmanagaranI peregAna lejoreTarIjhanA pArTanara jAmanagaranI zAha zIvalAla dhIrajalAlajInI ku. nA pArTanara hasamukhalAla enDa bradharsanA pArTanara tarIke vyavasAya kare che. prA. lI." tarIke oLakhAtI kaMpanI vaNathaMbhI Agekuca karI rahI che. bIjamAMthI rAtadina parizrama karI vizALa vaDanuM sarjana karanAra sva. zrI zAMtilAla zeTha kharekhara Intellectual Giant" hatA tema kahIe to te atizayokita nahi kahevAya. dhaMdhAmAM caDatI paDatInA aneka prasaMge Ave ja paraMtu tene pitAnI AgavI sUjhathI hala karavAmAM teozrIe haMmezA saphaLatA ja meLavI che. Arthika kSetre preraNA meLavavAmAM te teozrIne jama- jAta taravarATa ane sAhasika vRtti ja kAma karatA hatA. paraMtu dhArmika kSetre teoe je dAna-pravAhanI gaMgotrI vahAvI tenA mATe te temanA patnI ga. sva. kamaLAbahenane ja yaza ApI zakAya. kamaLA bahenanI satata preraNAe akhUTa dhIraje AdhyAtmika baLe sva, nA hRdayamAM suSupta avasthAmAM paDelI anuMkaMpAvRttine jAgRta karI te eTalI hada sudhI ke jayAM jayAM vyakita ke saMsthA bhaMDoLanI AvazyakatA ubhI thaI tyAM sAmethI sahAya karI bhAMgatI vyaktine ke kathaLI gaelI saMsthAne paga bhara karI dAnano pravAhu vahAvatI vakhate vyakti nAnI hoya ke moTI hoya. saMsthA nAnI hoya ke moTI hoya te viSe teoe kadI vicAra na karyo. temanI tamannA mAtra eTalIja ke jIvanamAM kaMIka karI chUTavuM, "bhAMgyAnA bherU" e birUda temane ApIe. ke na ApIe paraMtu sva. nA cAhakonA hadayamAM te teo "bhAMgyAnA bherU" tarIke cirakALa mATe aMkti thaI gayA che. jIvana maraNanI ghaTamALa anAdi kALathI aviratapaNe cAlyA kare che. ane cAlatI raheze. paraMtu jIvana sArthaka karI javuM ane aMtakALe jIvana sAphalyanuM smita vahAvatA anaMta nidrAmAM poDhI javuM e virala AtmAonA bhAgyamAM ja lakhAyuM hoya che. tevA virala AtmAomAMnA eka zrI zAMtibhAI hatA. temaNe meLavelI siddhimAM temanA suputrone ananya phALe gaNI zakAya. paramAtmA sva. nA AtmAne zAva zAMti banne eja abhyarthanA. zAMti zAMti zAMti. sAmAjika kSetre ApelI sevAmAM navAnagara cembara opha kemarsa tathA jAmanagara bulIyana ekasacenjanA mAnadamaMtrI uparAMta jAmanagaranI relave, TelIphena, IlekaTrIka, Ara.TI.o, lAyansa, reTarI baMdara kamiTi, jJAtinA keLavaNI maMDaLe ema aneka saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. roTarI kalaba mArabInAM pramukha. lAyansa kalaba jAmanagaranAM pramukha morabI cembara opha komarsa enDa inDasTrIjhanAM upapramukha tarIke temanI sevA jANItI che. vatana jAmanagaramAM bAlamaMdirathI mAMDI hAiskula sudhInuM zikSaNa ApatI zikSaNa saMsthAnuM eka drasTa, dvArA saphaLa saMcAlana karI rahyAM che jene mATe sva. hasamukharAya gokaLadAsa lAha memoriyala TrasTa banAvyuM che. zrI zivajIbhAI (maganabAbA ) zrI zIvalAla gokaLadAsa zAha jemanAM jIvanamAM jJAnayoga, bhakita ane karmavega e traNeyane trIveNI saMgama racAyuM hoya evI vibhUtionAM darzana pAvanakArI hoya che. bhakata kavi zrI zivajIbhAI (maganabAbA) eka AvI virala vibhUti hatA. Adhi, vyAdhi ane upAdhiothI saMtapta mAnavIone navajIvana ApanAra aMdhakAramAM aTavAtA mAnavIone sanmArge doranAra ane asaMkhya duHkhI dIle mATe dilAsArUpa zrI zivajIbhAIno janma sane 1879 mAM kacchanA naLiyA gAme thayela. vIsa ja varSanI kumaLI vaye emaNe samAja sevAnA kSetramAM jhaMpalAvyuM ane mAtra covIsa ja varSanI vaye emaNe pAlItANAmAM jaina beDiMga skUlanI sthApanA karI. tyArapachI cAra varSa bAda 1907mAM emaNe 30 grAma pAThazALAo ane kanyAzALAo zarU karI. je jamAnAmAM strIo zikSaNa levA bhAgye ja AgaLa AgaLa AvatI e jamAnAmAM emaNe banAvelI A sevA seMdhapAtra che. karUNAmayI mAnavatAnAM spaMdana anubhavatuM emanuM hadaya duHkhIjananAM AMsu luchavA tatpara banyuM. sane 1909mAM emaNe naLiyA (kacchamAM) bAlAzramanI sthApanA karI je haja cAlu che ane 1910 mAM pAlItANAmAM vidhavAo mATe zALAo sthApI. bhayaMkara jalapralayamAM pAlItANAnI A baMne saMsthA nAza pAmI. zrI zivajIbhAIe sAtvika sAhityanuM vipula sarjana karyuM che ane e uparAMta pustaka lakhyAM che. atyaMta saMvedanazIla prakRti hovAthI ane saMgItane uDe rasa hovAthI emaNe paMdara uparAMta kAvyo ane bhaktigItanI rasadhArA vahAvI che. 1918mAM emaNe svataMtratAnA AMda jAmanagaranA vatanI che. saurASTranA agraNI vyApArIomAM temanI gaNanA thAya che. morabImAM vejITebala proDakaTasanA saphaLa menejIMga DIrekaTara tarIke saMcAlana karyA bAda bhAvayagara kemIkala varkasa (1946) lImITeDanuM sukAna saMbhALela che. temanA bIjA ghaNuM vyavasAye hovA chatAM grAhakonA saMteSathI pragati sAdhI zakyA che. audyogika kSetre kalITI kaMTrola rAkhI zakayA che. ane tethI ja grAhako upara teo temanI ghaNI moTI asara pahoMcADI zakayA che. jAhera jIvanamAM temaNe saurASTra rAjya vakhate sesa TekasanI laDatamAM AgevAnI bharyo bhAga bhajavyo sAmAjika rUDhio sAme zAta pratikAra karelA tenA anubhavathI mAMDIne rAjakIya cuMTaNI Jain Education Intemational

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gAMdhIjInuM sAhitya e traNenuM baLa maLyuM ane zikSaNa kSetre dhUNI dhakhAvI. 1939thI valabhavidyAlaya dvArA A kAmanA zrI gaNeza karyA ane Aja sudhI temAM ja racyA pacyA rahIne kadI nirAza thayA vagara pAyAnA e zikSaNa kAmane ja vaLagI rahyA che. cheka zarUthI Aja sudhImAM zikSaNanA vividha kSetre temanI kAmagIrI neMdhapAtra che. viThala kanyA vidyAlayane maMtrI tarIke sarvodaya yojanAnA saMcAlaka tarIke, sevA samAjanA maMtrI tarIke AdivAsI sevA samitinA pramukha tarIke mahIkAMDA sevA maMDaLanA pramukha tarIke, ane Arogya maMtrI tarIke temanI sevAo jANItI che. jUdA jUdA samaye jUdI jUdI jagyAe karelA kAmanI suvAsathI Aje paNa loko temane yAda kare che. zikSaNa tathA gAMdhIjInA vicAra pracArane lagatA ghaNu puratake temaNe pragaTa karyA che. zikSaNa sAhityanI pravRtti ene hamezA temaNe presAhana paNa ApyuM che. sva. zrI Do. zrIkAnta dozI smRti saMdarbha graMtha lanamAM jhaMpalAvyuM. yoga vidyA pratye parama AkarSaNa hovAthI 1932 mAM teo zrI aravinda AzramamAM rahyA zrI aravindane caraNe besI emaNe sAdhanA karI. emanI A ganI sAdhanA ekAMtika na hatI. vasudauva kuTuMbakamanI emanI bhAvanA hovAthI bhAratanA bhAgalA paDyA tyAre nirAdhAra ane kuTuMbanA sabhyone karUNa rIte gumAvI beThelA nirAzritonI vacce teo paMjAbamAM ane kAzmIramAM rahyA. kAzmIranI prajAe emanA A sevAbhAvI kAryanI mukta manathI prazaMsA karI che, gujarAta cheDI pajAbane karmabhUmi banAvanAra zrI zivajIbhAIne tyAM Aje sahu koI maganabAbAnA nAme ja vadhu pichAne che. zrI mumatIcaMdrabhAI zAha kuMvarajI devazInuM nAma kuMvarajI devazI enDa ku prA. lI. sAthe saMkaLAyela che. kuMvarajIbhAI zrI zivajIbhAinA nAnAbhAI thAya. saumya ane sevAbhAvI kuMvarajIbhAIe zarUAtamAM maDhaDA pAse khetIno vyavasAya zarU karyo. ane patnI, putra tathA bhatrIjInA jIvananAM bhege paNa jalapralaya vakhate temaNe beDIMganA ogaNIsa bALakane bacAvyAM hatAM gheDA samaya bAda 1914mAM kuMvarajIbhAIe vaDIla baMdhu zrI zivajIbhAInA AzirvAda sAthe muMbaImAM hArDaverano vepAra zarU karyo. A eka sAmAnya sAhasamAM emane uttarottara saphaLatA maLatI gaI eTaluM ja nahIM paNa emanA putra zrI sumaticaMdranA dharma patnI zrImatI saralAbena kaMpanInA DIrekTara tarIke sevA bajAve che. paNa ethIye vadhu emanI sAmenA emanA saujanya ane sevAbhAvI svabhAvane AbhArI che. zrI araviMdanA tatvajJAna pramANe jIvana kema ghaDAya temanuM emaNe potAnA jIvana dvArA jIvaMta udAharaNa ApyuM che. teo jANItA samAja sevikA uparAMta lekhikA paNa che. paraMtu emanuM jIvana mukhyatve zrI aravindanA AdhyAtmika upadezanI AsapAsa kendrita thayeluM che. piMDIcerInA zrI aravinda AzramanI AdhyAtmika pravRttiemAM teo uDe rasa dharAve che. ane zrI mAtAjInA teo parama prItI pAtra banyA che. sumaticaMdra ane saralAbahena Adarza dAmpatyanuM preraka udAharaNa che. prArabdha ane purUSArthe saMpatti ApI te e saMpattine yAcita sadupayoga paNa A daMpatI karI rahela che. " De. zrIkAnta dozIne janma I. sa. 1917mAM vaDhavANa zaheramAM thayo hato. meTrIka sudhIno abhyAsa vaDhavANa zaheranI dAjIrAja hAIskUlamAM karyo hate hAIskUlanA abhyAsanI kArakirdI ghaNIja ujajavaLa hatI. 1935mAM meTrika pAsa thayA tyAre AkhI muMbaI yunivarsiTImAM prathama 15 vidyArthIomAM temanuM nAma hatuM e vakhate muMbaI yunivarsiTI taraphathI ja meTrIkanI parIkSA levAtI bhUmitinA eka prazna patramAM eka savAla pUchavAmAM ja bhUla thayelI 10 mArkane savAla khaTo hato che. zrIkAnta javAba lai ke "A savAla khoTo che. ane methemeTIkasamAM 100 TakA mArkasa maLyA kolejanA prathama varSano abhyAsa ephIsTana kolejamAM karyo. InTara sAyansa bhAvanagara zAmaLadAsa kelejamAMthI prathama vargamAM prathama naMbare pAsa thayA. M. B. B. S mATe muMbaI AvyA. zeTha O. s. Medical Collage mAM hatI ema. bI. bI. esa nI parIkSA pAsa karI tyAra bAda be varSa ke. I. ema. mAM rahyAM 1947mAM dAbela karavADImAM DIspensarI zarU karI. kolejamAM bhaNatA tyAre paNa vaDhavANamAM vekezanamAM jAya tyAre vidyArthI pravRttimAM sAre rasa letA hatA, DokaTarI abhyAsa daramyAna lImaDInI laData AvelI e vakhate sainika tarIke javA taiyAra thayelA paNa saradAra sAhebanI manAI hatI ke vidyArthIone na javA devA eTale na gayA. tyAra bAda 1942 nI "kavITa inDiA' laData AvI abhyAsa choDI saurASTra gayA. tyAM jorAvaranagara khAte rahI bhUgarbha pravRtti karI. pharI pAchA kelejamAM jai abhyAsa pUro karyo. zrI zivAbhAI paTela kheDA jillAnA cikhodarAnA vatanI 1926mAM gujarAta vidyApIThanA snAtaka thayAM temane cikhodarAnA vatanI tarIke bahuja ochA mANase oLakhe paNa becAsaNanA zivAbhAI tarIke jANItA che. 193pathI temaNe tyAMja karmabhUmi banAvI. mahAtmA gAMdhIjIne sahavAsa, saradAra sAhebane sahavAsa ane - kAlabAdevInuM davAkhAnuM zarU karyA pachI tyAM paNa sAmA jika ane rAjakIya pravRttio zarU karI. amerIkana saMsthAo taraphathI maLatA dUdhane pAvaDara lAvI dUdha banAvI, bALakane Jain Education Intenational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 mata dUdha vaheMcavA mATenA kendro ane bALa pustakAlaya khelyAM. badhI ja pravRttio ekale hAthe ja zarU karatA. mitronuM jUtha jAmeluM. ane sau madada karatA paraMtu keInIye madada na hoya te paNa kAma zarU karI detA ane eka mIzanarInI adAthI kAma karatA. ekeeka kAmamAM saMpUrNa plAnIMga cokkasAI hisAbanI cIvaTa vagere pahelethI hatA. vaDhavANa mitra maMDaLanI sthApanA DokaTaranA davAkhAnAmAM I.sa. 1948mAM thayelI e vakhate khAsa pravRtti nahi thayelI, paraMtu eka saMsthA ubhI thayelI. je Aje saMpUrNa pholIklI che ane vaDhavANanI prajA mATe ghaNuM sArA kAryo kare che. 1lpara mAM arorA sInemAnI bAjumAM rahevA AvyA ane tyAM eka vadhArAnI DIspensarI zarU karI be davAkhAnA saMbha LavA eTale samaya te khUba jAya ja paraMtu mATuMgA AvIne paNa kAlabA devI tathA mATuMgA baMne jagyAe pravRtio cAlu rAkhI prinsesa sTrITa kezavabAgamAM ane kAlabAdevI bhATiyA mahAjana vADImAM paryuSaNa vakhate vyAkhyAna mALAo goThavatA. A badhA kAryo satata zrama mAgI le che, paisAnI paNa jarUra paDe che. paraMtu e badhuM kAma lagabhaga ekale hAthe saMbhALatA. mATuMgA AvIne arorA vistAra mitra maMDaLanI sthApanA karI. e maMDaLa dvArA paNa aneka sAmAjika pravRttio karI. paryuSaNa parva vyAkhyAna mALA je dara varSe samatAbAI holamAM goThavAya che te sArU karanAra De. zrIkAnta dozI hatA. A vyAkhyAna mALAo eTalI badhI lekapriya che ke hAlanI bahAra besIne paNa hajAro mANase ene lAbha lya che. chellA ATheka varSathI teoe mATuMgAthI rahevAnuM badalI zIvamAM AvI gayA ane davAkhAnuM paNa zIvamAM karyuM. zIvamAM AvIne paNa temanI sAmAjika sevAnI pravRttio cAlu rahI eTaluM ja nahi paNa vadhI. navarAtrInA utsavo je zIva mATuM gAmAM baveja ayasthita cAlatA hatA tene saMskArika svarUpaApyuM. rAsa, garabA, nATako, saMgIta, lekagIta vagerene kAryakrama dara varSe nava rAtrI daramyAna goThavatA. TikiTo vecavA mATe roja rAtre zIlA bahenane sAthe laIne nIkaLatA A kAryakama eTalA badhA lokapriya thayelA ke Akho hAla cIkAra bharAI jatuM. A pravRttimAM je paisA bacatA te badhA ja sAyana-mATuMgA-vaDAlA vistAranI janatAnA upayoga mATe ja vaparAtA. thoDA varSa pahelAM vinobAjInuM sAhitya vAMcyuM ane emanA raMge raMgAyA. sarvodaya mitramaMDaLanI sthApanA karI. A sarvodaya mitra maMDaLa Aje A vistAranI uttama prakAranI sevA karI rahyuM che. DokaTara zrI kAntanI dareka pravRttimAM eka khAsiyata hatI ke pote bane tyAM sudhI hAthI dUra rahevuM ane e niyama emaNe cUstapaNe pALe che. temanI chellAmAM chellI pravRtti te "jana mUti' nAmanuM mAsika zarU karyuM che. A patra mATuMgAzIva-vaDAlA-dAdara-vistAramAM dareka gujarAtIne ghera vaMcAya che. temanA lakhANa paNa ghaNAM lokapriya hatAM. A mAsika dvArA be ghaNAM meTAM kAryo thayAM che. eka to bihAra rAhata mATe lagabhaga 60 hajAra rUpiyA ekaThA karyA ane gujarAta rela rAhata mATe paNa sArI evI rakama ekaThI karI. AvA phaMDa bhegA karyA pachI e yogya rIte vaparAya che ke nahi enI paNa pUrepUrI kALajI rAkhatA mRtyu pAmyA ene AgaLane divase ja rAhata kAryonI jAta tapAsa karIne AvelA. jema jAhera phaMDa ekaThA karatA tema pitA taraphathI khAnagI madada paNa sArI rIte karatA, keTalAya kuTuMbanI davA maphata karatAM. khAnagI ziSyavRttio pitA taraphathI ApatA leka sevA e ja emanuM mIzana hatuM. enuM ciMtana karatAM karatAM ja e maryA che. DokaTara zrI kAnanA patnI zIlAne je sahakAra DokaTarane temanA pratyeka kAmamAM Ave che te badala zIlA Denane jeTalA dhanyavAda daIe teTalA ochA che. evA sahakAra vinA koI kArya thaI zake nahi. zIlAbahena ane temanA be bALako upara je vAghAta AvI paDe che temAM zIva-mATuMgA-vaDAlA vistAranI janatA ane temano bahoLA mitra samudAya temanI sAthe che. sadagatanA AtmAne prabhu zAMti Ape. Do. zrI kAMtanI chelA vIza varSa daramyAnanI pravRttienuM siMhAvakana karatAM emanA viziSTha vyaktitvanI surekha jhAMkhI thAya che. "jana mukti ane sarvodaya mitra maMDaLanI Asa pAsa utsAhI kAryakaranuM guccha ubhuM thaI zakayuM che. te temanI anokhI kAryapaddhati ane bIjI vyakitane sAcavI levAnI zaktine mahadaaMze AbhArI gaNI zakAya dareka pravRttinA teo madhyabiMdu ane cAlaka tatva rahevA chatAM sahakAryakarone temaNe uSmA ane pravRttinI saphaLatAnA sahabhAgI banAvyAM. temanI mAnavatA bharI dRSTi temanA jIvana paMthanI ghAtaka banI. samAjanI nAnI evI uNapa ane mAnava saMbaMdhanA asvAbhAvika ADaMbara temane khUcyA. ekAda vyakitanA athavA samaSTinI yAtanAmAM teo duHkhI thayA. tenA samabhAgI banIne vaiyakitaka maryAdAmAM temaNe rAhatanI lAgaNI janmAvI ane ujaLA bhAvinI AzA ApI. ati jhaDapathI adazya thatA Adarza samAja sevakamAMnA evA eka Do. zrI kAMta. bhAInA dehavilayamAM vizALa janasamudAye AtmIya mitra ane samAje eka bhAvanAzIla ane unmatta sevaka gumAvyo. zrI savAIlAla nAgaradAsa paDayA bhAvanagara jillAnA grAma vistAranI zALAomAM varSo sudhI AcArya pade rahIne umadA kArya karyuM che. lekamAM zikSakanuM gaurava ane pratiSThA prasthApita karavAmAM emano noMdhapAtra phALo che. AjhAdI pahelAM ane AjhAdI pachI nI dareka pravRttimAM ane e niyama ema na sudhI AvyA ane pratiSThA karI ane AjhAdI Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha medInA nAme apAyA che. samAja sevAnA kAryomAM temanA dharmapatnI zrImatI caMpAbahe medInI paNuM satata preraNA temane maLatI rahI che. nAnA moTA kAryomAM teo sAthe ja rahyAM che. temanA suputra zrI dhIrajalAlabhAI ane zrI bhUpendrabhAIne sevAne A saMskAra vAra maLe che. prAthamika zikSakane nyAya maLe e mATe nIDaratAthI ane dilapUrvaka kArya karanAra je sanniSTha zikSaka kAryakaroe chelAM trIzeka varSathI pitAnAM samaya zakitane bhega Apyo che. emAM zrI savAIlAlabhAInuM sthAna prathama haroLamAM che. saurASTranAM prAthamika zikSakanI jAgRti ane laDatanAM itihAsa jyAre lakhAze tyAre zrI savAIlAla paMDayAnA mUlyavAna phALA nI ne emAM avazya levAze hAla teo bhAvanagara zaheranI tAlukA zALAna. 1 nA AcAryapade che. gujarAta sarakAre 1971nA varSa mATe uttama zikSakanuM rAjya-pAritoSika emane ApIne erDanuM paNa gaurava ane mUlya vadhAryuM che. emane ame abhinaMdana ApIe chIe. prauDhazikSaNa ane samAja zikSaNa-samAjakalyANanI pravRttio temaNe vikasAvI che. temaNe pachAta vistAranAM bALakomAM kAma karIne 158mAM ziheramAM Adarza zikSaka sanmAna zIlDa, meLavyuM hatuM. mAtuzrI maNIbena paNa khUba ja paragaju dilanA hatA karadeja mukAme temanA mAtuzrIne svargavAsa tA. pa/pa/7ra nA reja thaye. zrI savAIlAla maganalAla modI zrI savAIlAlabhAI medIne janma gujarAtanA bhAvanagara jilalAnA karadeja gAme 1976nA raudravada 13 terazane divase thayo hate. ghaNA varSo pahelA muMbaI AvIne sAmAnya karI thI jIvananI zarUAta karI ane satata udyama dvArA jIvananA aneka tANAvANumAMthI pasAra thayAM. lekhaMDanA svataMtra dhaMdhAmAM jhaMpalAvyuM. zrI ramezacaMdra mehanalAlano sAro sahakAra maLe ane pitAnI haiyA ukalatathI dhaMdhAmAM sArI evI sidhdha hAMsala karI. 1964mAM muMbaImAM brAITa bArsanuM kArakhAnuM zarU karyuM tyAre gavarnamenTa paradezathI mAla maMgAvavAne baMdha karyo. eTale brAITa bArsa InDasTrIjhamAM paDavAnI IcchA thaI ane TUMkI muDIthI jAta mahenata karIne karakasarathI geregAMvamAM evara brAITa sTIla inDasTrIjha nI zarUAta karI temAM saphaLatA maLI jenA anubhava uparathI bIju vizALa kArakhAnuM mAlanI mAMga vadhatA bhAvanagara pAse varateja gAme paraphekaTa brAITa sTIla inDasTrIjhanA nAme 1968mAM zarUAta karI temAM paNa Izvara kRpAe saphaLatA maLI. temanI dIrdhAdiSTae trIju kArakhAnuM beMgloramAM zarU karyuM. zrI. sAkaLacaMdabhAI paTela, mahesANA jIlAnI sahakArI pravRttinA kSetre emaNe je sidhdhiono navo vikrama noMdhAvyo che tethI bhAratabharamAM gujarAtanuM nAma rozana thayuM che. emanA mArgadarzana nIce baMdhAyelA pule, makAne, rastAo emanA pracaMDa purUSArtha ane vyavasthA zaktinAM ujajavaLa pratIko banI rahyAM che. sAmAjika sevAnA keIpaNa kSetramAM jarUra jaNAtAM je utsAha thI mArgadarzana sAtha ane sahakAra ApyAM che te na bhulAya tevAM che. vaDodarA rAjya samayanA prajA maMDaLamAM joDAyAne emaNe sevAbhAvI jIvananI zarUAta karI. 194ranI hiMda cheDonI caLavaLamAM emaNe nIDaratAthI bhAga lIdho che. svarAjya prApti bAda emaNe rAjakIya vRtti sAthe jillAnI janatAnA kalyANa mATe vyApaka racanAtmaka kAryamAM vadhu rasa levA mAMDyo. mAdhyamika zALAo, kaleje, chAtrAlaya ane bAlamaMdira jevI aneka sAmAjika saMsthAonI ImArate emanI bAMdhakAmanI uMDI keDA sUjha ane kAryakSamatAnAM saphaLa pratIka che. visanagara mArkeTa yArDa, bhaMgI kelenI majUra maMDaLI, spiniMga mila, varkazopa vagerene emanI Ayojana zaktine lAbha maLe che. mahesANA jillA senTrala ke. opareTiva beMkanA vikAsamAM beMkanA adhyakSapade rahIne emaNe bajAvelI sevA amUlya che. mahesANA jillA koMgresanA pramukha pade ane mahesANA jillA kala jorDanA pramukhapade rahIne emaNe bajAvelI sevA na bhulAya tevI che. (akhila hiMda koMgresa mahAsamitinA sabhyapade rahIne paNa emaNe rASTranI sevA karI che.) netra daMta yajJo ke zastrakriyA zibira, vikAsagRha, saMgIta vidyAlaya ane zrI nA. ma. nUtana sarva vidyAlaya jevI viziSTa prakAranI saMsthAonA sarjanamAM emanI sevAo avismaraNIya che. uttara gujarAtanI bhUmine nava pallavita karavAmAM majUra sahakArI maMDaLInA borIMga mazInano hisso naMdhapAtra che. vAlama sarvodaya Azrama, jhIlIyA sarvodaya Azrama, grAmabhAratI, amarApura jevI jillAnI tamAma saMsthAo taraphane prema ane sakriya sahakAra emano daridra nArAyaNa taraphane bhakitabhAva pragaTa kare che. 1945 mAM muMbaImAM Ara. savAIlAla enDa kuM, nA nAme svataMtra dhaMdho zarU karyo jene lagabhaga satyAvIza varSane lAMbe gALe pasAra thayAM chatAM IzvarI saMtathI ekadhArI pragati thatI rahI che. dhaMdhArthe ane tIrthayAtrAthe ghaNA mahatvanA sthaLane pravAsa karyo che meLavelI saMpatine upaga zALAmAM, kuvA baMdhAvavAmAM, evA sArvajanika kAmamAM udAra dile karyo che. TI. bI. hospITalamAM temanuM sArU evuM dAna che. temanA badhA ja Donezana mAtuzrI maNIbena maganalAla Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 866 zrI surajarAma hIrAlAla bacakAnIvALA zrI surajarAma bacakAnIvALAnI prathamavAra mulAkAta lenAra paNa temanI sAthe satata saMparkamAM rahenArAonI jema, temanA zAMta sajanyazIla, sahadayI ane utsAhapreraka vyavasAya ke saMsthAnA game tevA kuTa prazno hala karavAmAM teozrI je pragatika vicArasaraNI gaMbhIra dhIraja, adamya utsAha ane avirata khaMta dAkhave che. te kharekhara anukaraNIya lekhA, ya che. pitAnA peDhIgata kApaDa vaNATa udyogane navo vaLAMka ApavAnA aramAna sahIta TekanIkala kSetre bI. TesTanI ucca pavI 1951 mAM meLavI ArTa sIlka sIgheTIka kApaDanA utpAdana ane vikAsa kSetre agra ane suprasiddha 'himasana hausa" tarIke oLakhAtA hIrAlAla maMchArAma enDa sansa prA. lI nA TekanIkala DIrekaTara tarIke joDAI potAnA pitAzrI ane vaDIla baMdhu zrI prANalAla bacakAnIvALAnA mArgadarzana heThaLa ane anya laghubaMdhuonAM saMparkamAM rahI kaMpanInI samRddhi ane vikAsamAM sAro phALo Ape. sInTeTIka kApaDa udyoganA vadhu abhyAsAthe yunenI merITa skolarazIpa meLavI IglenDamAM saphaLa TrenIMga purI karI zaikSaNika kSetre temanI kArakIdi ujajavaLa rahI hatIpotAnI bauddhika zakita pitAnA ke kuTuMbanA hitArthe maryAdita rAkhavAne badale teno lAbha khAsa karIne vyApAra udyoga samudAya samAjanA vizALa hitamAM paNa kAme lagADavAnI temanI dhagaza saghana gujarAta cembara opha komarsa enDa inDasTrIe pIchANa 1965mAM pramukha tarIke temanI varaNI karI. paccIsa varSathI dakSiNa gujarAta vepAra udyoga ane vikAsamAM phALo ApanAra A saMsthA mATe pitAnuM makAna meLavavAnI pravRttinA maMDANa maMDAyA bAda tene sAkAra karavAnI javAbadArI temane zIre AvI. A kArya pAra pADavA temane saMsthAnA khAsa grahane vaza thaI ekadhArI be varSa pramukha tarIke sevA ApI cembara mATe 'samRddhi" ImAratanuM samagra AyeAjana purU karyuM ane cembarane khUba pravRttimaya rAkhI navI cetanA jagAvI vepAra samudAyanI sArI cADanA meLavI. AjanA zikSita yuvAna pote samAjanA tathA vepAra udyoganA praznamAM uDe rasa keLavI AgaLa Avaze te ja vicArahitamAM kAma karatI netAgIrI maLI raheze tema teonuM maMtavya che. surata TeTAila mArkeTanI sthApanA mATe racAyelI eDahaka samitinI racanAthI ja ceramena tarIke vyavasthApaka samitinA potAnA sAthIomAM saMgha baLanI bhAvanA prerI mAkeTanA Ajanane vegavaMtu ane hetulakSI banAvavA teo khUba ja prayatnazIla che. ATasIlka vaNATa udyoga hitamAM zaheranA yuvAna vargane TekanIkala ejyukezana enDa rIsarca sosAyaTInA paNa teozrI ceramena ane eka Adya praNetA che. muMbaInI sAzamIrA, suratanA vaNakarasaMgha, proDakaTIvITI kAunsIla temaja aneka saMsthAonI menejIMga kamITI para teo sthAna dharAvI sakriya phALe Ape che. gujarAta sarakAre temaja bIjI vividha salAhakAra samitinA sabhya tarIke zaheranA aneka praznamAM teozrI uDe rasa laI rahyA che. dakSiNa gujarAta yunivarsiTInI seneTamAM teo sabhya che beka opha baroDA lImITeDa, surata tathA surata pIpalesa ke. opa. beMka lI.nI salAhakAra samitinA teo sabhya che. junIyara cembaranA teo sthApaka pramukha hatA. temaNe 1960mAM jApAnanA sIgheTIka TekSaTAIla InDasTrInA abhyAsArthe dUra pUrvanA dezomAM pravAsa karyo hate. udyogamAM TekanIkala zikSaNa ane menejamenTa emanA khUba priya viSaya che. dakSiNa gujarAtanA sarvAgI vikAsa mATe teo khUba AzAvaMta che ane te mATe teo sadA kAryazIla rahe che. zrI sukhadevajI rAjeza zrI sukhadevajI rAjerAne janma rAjasthAnamAM AvelA kucamana roDa kha te sane 1921mAM thaye hatA. temanA mAtAnuM nAma zrImati kauzalyAdevI ane pitAnuM nAma zrI luNA rAmajI che. sAmAnya vyakitamAMthI Aje gaNanApAtra vepArI banyA che. zrImaMta hovA chatAM pahelAMnI sAdAI ane bhAvabharyo vartAva Aja paryata teoe jALavI rAkhe che. zrI rAjerA dasa varSanI bAlyAvasthAmAM rAjasthAnathI temanA moTAbhAI sAthe amadAvAda AvelA ane pATI kaMtAnane vepAra zarU karelo. kimate te dhaMdhAmAM sAtha na Ape, chatAM hatAza thAya e bIjA, zrI rAjerAe anya dhaMdhAmAM jhaMpalAvyuM ane temanI sAhasika vRtti temaja gaNatarI pUrvakanA vepAramAM agraNI banyA. dhIre dhIre pitAnI kuzaLatA tathA sAhasathI teoe lekhaMDano vepAra cAlu karyo temanA puruSArthane prArabdhane sAtha maLe jethI Aje teo A dhaMdhAmAM sAruM evuM sthAna bhegave chetemanI jJAtinA pramukhapade Aja paryata varSo sudhI raDIne kurIvAje nAbuda karIne mRtyu bhejana nAbUdI, dArUbaMdhI vagere mATe jhajhUmatA rahyA che, eja rahelA aneka guNonA sumeLanI sAbitI purI pADe che. zubha ane samAja kalyANanA kAryomAM teoe aneka dAne ApyA che. temanA gAmamAM temaNe dharmazALA, pustakAlaya vagere jevAM kAmamAM udAra hAtha laMbAvIne pitAnA nAmane rezana karyuM* che. bhAgyamAM maLatI lakSmI sumAge vaparAvI joIe e mata dharAve che. kAMkarIyA-aherAmapurA vistAramAM rahIne temane kemI tephAne tathA anya saMkaTomAM pitAnI udAratA batAvI ApI che ane mA :vatAnI jyota jalAvavA haMmezA tatpara rahyA che. zrI sultAna alI kAsamaalI lAdIvAlA. bhAvanagaranA vatanI zrI lAdIvALAe InTara sAyansa sudhI ja abhyAsa karyo paNa pitAnI haiyA ukalata ane kArya kuzaLatAne laI nAnapaNathI ja dhaMdhAmAM praviNyatA meLa Jain Education Intemational

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mRti saMdarbha graMtha vatA rahyAM betAlIza varSanI umaranA zrI lAdIvALAe 1948 thI 1955 nA samayakALa daramiyAna muMbaImAM saMyukta kuTuMba sAthe pArTa-ekasaporTanA dhaMdhAne ghaNo ja bahALe anubhava prApta karyo. audyogika kSetre nAmanA meLavavAnA svama nAnapaNathI ja sevatA hatA. samaya jatA temaNe 1955 thI TAIlsa menyuphekacarIMgano svataMtra dhaMdho bhAvanagaramAM zarU karyo. sAthe mArabala kaTIMga pilIzIMganuM kAma zarU karyuM. je kAma saurASTramAM sau prathama temaNe zarU karyuM. athavA saurASTramAM bIjuM koI che nahi. TUMkI muDI thI zarU karelA sAhasamAM ghaNI muzkelIono sAmane kare paDyo. aneka jAtanA tANAvANAmAMthI zrI lAdIvALAne pasAra thavuM paDyuM. eka mAtra zraddhAne baLe kAma avirata cAluM rAkhyuM. kaI jAherAta na thAya tenI teozrI khAsa kALajI rAkhe che. Ama chupuM dAna karavAvALI virala vyakitaomAMthI eka zrI sevaMtIlAla che. kIrtidAnanA A jamAnAmAM pite je kaMI madada karI rahyAM che. tevuM darzAvavAthI teo haMmezA dUra rahe che. pitAnA jaina tirthadhAma mahuDI, pAlItANuM vagere sthaLoe teo avAranavAra jAya che ane dhArmika kSetre ghaNI rakama khace che. mahuDImAM vIse tIrthakaranI potAnI pU. pitAzrInA zreyArthe rUA. 701 nuM dAna karI derI ba dhAvI che. pAlItANAmAM matI sukhIyAnI dharmazALAmAM pAMca jina pratimAo mUkAvI che. pitAnA sva. dAdImAnA maraNa che saM. 2020mAM aI mahotsava paNa karyo hate. zrI somanAtha jIvaNalAla paTela. temaNe dhaMdhAmAM chevaTe je kAMI siddhi hAMsala karI. temanI pAvaLanuM preraNAbaLa temanA sva. dharmapatnI hatA. sva. jharInAbahenanA nAma uparathI ujajavaLa yAdagIrI rUpe temaNe "rInA TAIrasanA" nAme dhaMdhAnI zarUAta karI. ucca cAritya ane AdarzanArInA sarva guNonI pratibhA dharAvatA sva. jharInAbene gRhajIvananI potAnI pharajo uparAMta dhaMdhAne vikasAvavAmAM vadhAremAM vadhAre rasa lIdho hato. je ahIM noMdhyA vagara rahI zakAtuM nathI. pote bhAvanagaranI reTarI kalabanA sabhya che. potAnI dhaMdhAkIya peDhInA sTAphane ane mANasane Aptajana jema gaNe che. Rtuo pramANe cIjavastuo potAnA mANasane ApI eka kuTuMbanI bhAvanAne amalI banAvI che. bhaviSyamAM paradezomAM pitAnI ophIsa khelIne ahIthI mAla mokalavAnI icchA dharAve che. uttara gujarAtamAM siddhapura pAse kAmaLInA mULa vatanI zrI seminAthabhAIe amadAvAdamAM 1945 thI mazInarI lAInamAM dhaMdhAkIya pravRtti zarU karI te pahelA madrAsamAM eka nokarImAM joDAyA. kAmano bahoLo anubhava maLe. pitAnI haiyA ukalata ane dIrdhadaSTine kAraNe svataMtra vyavasAya tarapha emanuM mana AvyuM. dhaMdhAmAM maLelA be paisA sArvajanika keLavaNInA kAmamAM vAparIne kuTuMbane dhanya banAvyuM che. vatana kAmaLImAM zALA makAna mATe rUpiyA pacAsa hajAranuM mAtabara dAna ApyuM che te sivAya aneka nAnA moTA phaMDa phALAomAM temanI deNagI hoya ja che. vatana kAmaLImAM keLavaNI maMDaLanA pramukha tarIke temanI sevAo jANItI che. dhaMdhAkIya hetu mATe samasta bhAratano pravAsa karyo che. temanA cAra bALakomAM sauthI moTA putra dhaMdhAthe yuropanA dezanuM paribhramaNa karI AvyA. nA putra amerikAmAM abhyAsa kare che. svabaLe AgaLa AvanAra zrI somanAthabhAI kartavya parAyaNa banI kuTuMba ane samAjane ghaNI rIte madadarUpa thatA rahyAM che. prasaMge pAta piDitAne madada karavA tathA mAnava kalyANanI bhAvanAne mUrti svarUpa ApavAno vicAra temane vArasAmAM maLe che. zrI seminAthabhAI ghaNuja umadA svabhAvanA jovA maLyA che. zrI sevaMtilAla somacaMda zrI eca. ke. zAha, mANasAnA jaina samAjanA agragaNya nAgarika zrI semacaMda phUlacaMda zAhanA suputra sevaMtIlAla zAha paNa jaina samAjamAM AgaLa paDatI vyakita che. teozrIne janma mANasAmAM thayo hatA. temane traNa bhAIo tathA eka bahena maLI cAra bhAIbhAMDuo che. temane pitAne cAra putro tathA be putrIo che. pitAzrI nivRta jIvana gALe che. sva prayatno vaDe DAM ja vakhatamAM AgaLa vadhavAvALI vyaktiomAMnA eka zrI sevaMtIlAla paNa che. meTrIka sudhI abhyAsa karI vyApAramAM jhaMpalAvyuM che te hAla chellA be varSathI amadAvAdamAM "ilesTIkA rabara varkasa" nAmanuM moTara sperapArTasa banAvavAnuM kArakhAnuM sthApyuM che. jenuM utpAdana lyukAsa TI. vI. esa (madrAsa)ne purUM pADavAmAM Ave che. temaja sAyakala 11para banAvavAmAM Ave che. Ama dhaMdhAkIya kSetro zrI sevaMtIlAla saphaLatA hAMsala karI rahyA che. saMsthA sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. mANasAmAM ghauM jevuM anAja paNa teja pramANe paDatara karatAM ochI kiMmate jarUra vALI vyakitaone dara varSe Ape che. A badhI madada nAmanI zrI harSadalAla khumacaMda zAha-vatana surata jillAnuM vAleDa gAma-yuvAna vaye abhyAsa pUro karI dhaMdhAmAM praveza-sAhasa ane parizramathI jhaDapI vikAsa maTAbhAI sva. cImanabhAI, zrI ramaNabhAI ane nAnAbhAI zrI surezabhAI sAthe dezaparadezamAM vyApAra vikasAvyuM. navI kaMpanIo sthApI ane yuvAna vaye bhAratanA agragaNya vepArI ane udyogapati tarIke khyAti prApta karI. zrI harSadabhAI zeTha "ramaNa grupanI kaMpanIenA preraNAmUrti che. emanA mArgadarzana heThaLa A kaMpanI Jain Education Interational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 ene jhaDapI vikAsa-ramaNa paranI kaMpanIonuM vArSika brAnca, kalakattA khAte be eka varSa ejanTa tarIke rahyAM. kAmarAja rUA. 20 karoDathI vadhu 1962 mAM pharIna DIpArTamenTamAM temanI AsIsTanTa menejara tarIke niyukatI thaI. tyArabAda 1965 mAM sTeTa benka opha ramaNa grupanI kaMpanIo InDIyAnI laMDana khAtenI brAncamAM menejara tarIke gayA ane enDa Dema li. (2) sI. ramaNa enDa kaMpanI pAMceka varSa tyAM rahyA. 1970 mAM pAchA AvyA bAda TUMkA prA. li. (3) lakSmIcaMda bhagAjI li. (4) lakSamIcaMda bhagAjI gALA mATe sTeTa benka opha InDIyAnA haidrAbAda sarkalamAM (5) manorA hojhiyarI varkasa prA. li. (6) phigareTa enDa DepyuTI sekreTarI ane Tekara tarIke rahI muMbaI sarkalamAM DepyuTI kemeTikasa prA. li. sekreTarI ane Trejhara tarIke niyukita pAmyA. sTeTa benka opha InDIyA, muMbai sarkalanuM rIe gInIjhezana thatAM DepyuTI laMDanamAM paNa sI. ramaNu enDa ku. li ane menDekSa sekreTarI (oparezana) tathA DepyuTI sekreTarI (plAnIMga ane li. nAme vyApAra cAle che. zrI harSadabhAI vAraMvAra dezapara- sTApha) tarIke anukame kAmagIrI bajAvI. Ama zrI majamudAra dezanI musApharI karatA rahe che ekSaparTa-imarTinuM meTuM lagabhaga trIseka varSono beMkIMga InDasTrIno bahoLo anubhava kAmarAja surata jillAmAM vAleDa khAte emanA vatanamAM dharAve che. A uparAMta zrI majamudAra laMDanamAM rahyA te darairAnI gAlicA (kArapeTa) banAvavAnI phekaTarI nAkhI che. miyAna 1968 thI 1970 nA gALAmAM InDIyana cembara temAM gAmanA temaja baDAranA 200 mANasone rojI maLe che. opha komarsanA pramukha rahyA hatA. perIsa khAte InTaranezala A gAlIcA paradezamAM nikAsa thAya che. cembara opha komarsanA DelIgeTa thavAnuM punA khAte nezanala InsTITyuTa opha benka menejamenTa dvArA Ayojita sInIyara zrI harSadabhAI zeTha meTA udyogapati che. te moTA menejamenTa semInAramAM bhAga levAnuM, mAna paNa temane maLyuM dAnavIra paNa che, muMbaI ane gujarAtamAM aneka keLavaNInI che. prasanna vyaktitva dharAvatA zrI majamudAra Tenisa, svImIMga temaja bIjI saMsthAone emanA taraphathI lAkha rUpiyAnA gopha ane pheTogrAphImAM uDe rasa dharAve che. dAna maLI cUkayAM che lakSmIcaMda bhagAjInI kula 50 zAkhAo gujarAta, muMbaI ane madhyapradezamAM che. zrI harSadabhAI zeThanI ' zrI hasamukhabhAI popaTalAla vorA preraNAthI A peDhIe gujarAtamAM temaja anyatra moTI prasiddhi muMbaImAM TAIlasanA utpAdana ane vyavasAyakSetre jemaNe ane nAmanA meLavI che. ramaNa enDa Dema li. oTomabAIla aNanama pragati sAdhI che ane je siddhinA eka pachI eka gIya banAvanArI kaMpanI che. A kaMpanI lAkho rUpiyAnuM videzI hUMDiyAmaNa bacAve che. Aje "ramaNa grupanI vividha zikharo sara karatA gayA che evA sadAya hasamukhA hasamukhabhAI kaMpanIomAM 1500 thI vadhu karmacArIo kAma kare che. zrI verA surendranagara jIllAnA vatanI che. dhaMdhAmAM temanI zakti Aja LakaLAe khIlI che. temanA dhaMdhAmAM vArSika vecANa harSadabhAInA sAhasa, parizrama ane utsAhathI gRpamAM navI eka karoDathI paNa vadhAre hovA chatAM temanAmAM kayAMya moTAI navI kaMpanIo AvI rahI che-TUMka samayamAM ja gujarAtamAM na hatI. dhArmika ane sAmAjika kSetre paNa prasiddhithI haMmezA paNa oTomobAIla pArTasa banAvavA mATe A juthanA navA aLagA rahIne teo ane temanA pitAzrI paTalAlabhAI udyogo sthApavAmAM Avaze. khUba ja chUTA hAthe chupI dAnagaMgA vahAvI rahyA che. jene zrI eca. esa. majamudAra prabhue khobe ne bebe ApyuM che e evI ja rIte sevAkAryamAM sTeTa benka opha saurASTranA janarala menejara paNa be ne e vAparatA rahe che e paNa pUrva janmanA saMskAro ja kahevAya. cAlIza varSane A yuvAna zrI hasamukhazrI eca. esa. majamudArane janma tathA temane prAtha- bhAInI kAryazakti ane janAbaddha vyavasthAzakti gajabanI mika abhyAsa barmAmAM ane tyArabAda ucca abhyAsa kalaba che. judA judA sthaLoe sAta jeTalI phekaTarI calAvI rahyA kattAmAM kalakattA yunivarsiTImAM "IkonomIka" viSaya sAthe chatAM temanA mana upara kaze bhAra ke ciMtA nahI. pitAzrIne snAtaka thaI 1944mAM probezanarI AsIsTanTa tarIke ImpI- mULa vyavasAya to gaMdhIyANA ane holasela hatuM ane rIyala benkamAM joDAIne temaNe benkIMga kArakirdIno AraMbha kAryasthaLa paNa jalagAMva hatuM paNa nasIba joge temane emanA karyo hato. paMdareka varSa judI judI brAncamAM saseka judA judA saMbaMdhIe TAIlisamAM rasa letA karyA ane zUnyamAMthI saghaLI hoddAo para rahI kAma karyuM. 1958 mAM vesTamIsTara benka zarUAta karI ane Aje TAilsanA dhaMdhAmAM mokharAnuM sthAna tathA mIDalenDa benka, laMDanamAM TreInIMga prApta karI. 1959mAM prApta karyuM. zrI hasamukhabhAI custa dharmapremI, jIvadayApremI eDamInIsTreTIva sTApha keleja, haidrAbAda khAte sInIyara meneja- ane ahiMsaka che. temanA pitAzrI popaTalAlabhAI nivRtta menTa kesamAM jaI sTeTa benka opha InDIyAnI pArka sTrITa jIvana gALe che. pU. zrI kAnajI rAmanA dhArmika raMge raMgA Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha yelA che. emaNe pahelethI ja temanA suputrane e rIte ghaDyA che ke je pota potAnA purUSArtha ane parizrama vaDe eka pachI eka zikharo sara karatA gayAM che. jI anya saMsthA tathA anya che teo khaMbhAlIyA Do. harakAnta mAnazaMkara trivedI (ema. bI. bI. esa. ] gujarAtanA suprasiddha mahera pATaNamAM thI DIsembara 1917 mAM emane janma thaye. pU pitAzrI vaDodarA rAjayanA sarakArI DekaTara hatA tethI vidyAbhyAsa vaDodarA, hArija dvArakA tathA navasArImAM thaye. 1935 mAM navasArI hAIskUlamAMthI meTrIka pAsa karI kelejanA pahelA be varSa vaDedarA kolejamAM pasAra karI meDIkala lAInanA abhyAsathe 147 mAM muMbaI AvavAnuM thayuM Jr. B.Sc. nuM eka varSa seMTa jhevIarsamAM karI pachI grAnTa meDIkala kolejamAM dAkhala thayA. 1943 mAM ema. bI. bI. esa. nI padavI meLavI. abhyAsa daramiyAna svadezI caLavaLamAM bhAga letA tyArathI ja Aja sudhI khAdI paheravAnuM rAkhyuM che. 19paranI "kavITa InDIyA"nI caLavaLamAM muMbaImAM bhAga lIdhe. 1945 mAM "AmI ane nevInA baLavA vakhate De.kaTara tarIke kAma karyuM. 1947 mAM mATuMgAmAM davAkhAnuM zarU karI prekaTIsa zarU karI sAmAjika sevAne udeza tathA zokha hoI temAM bhAga levA mAMDe. atyAre varSothI mATuMgAnI prakhyAtI pAmela Adarza saMsthA mATuMga gujarAtI sevA maMDaLamAM kArobArInA sabhya che. te uparAMta guja rAtI keLavaNI maMDaLa mATuMgA sAdhanA ejyukezana sesAyaTI (juha) tathA sevAmaMDaLa ejayukezana sosAyaTI mATuMgAnA lAIpha membara che. ola inDIyA meDIkala esesIezananA tathA InDIyana meDIkala prekaTIzanarsa esosIezananA sabhya che. mATuMgAmAM zAMtI saMskAra kendramAM onararI DekaTara tarIke pilIo tathA TrIpalanI rasI devAnuM kendra calAve che. 1957mAM muMbaImAM InphaluenjhAnuM menuM Avela tyAre potAnI prekaTasanA bhege lekene divasa rAta mata sevA ApI. pahelI tathA bIjI, bhArata ane pAkistAna vaccenI laDAImAM pote DIphensa kamITImAM joDAyAM. phaI koleja esa. AI. I. esa. keleja, esa. ena. DI. TI. mahilA kolejanA vidyArthIone temaja zakitadala, kasturabA mahilA maMDaLa tatha sAyana, mATuMgA vaDAlAnA kAryakarone phaTa eIDanI tAlIma pitAnA davAkhAnAne sarakAra mAnya phaeIDa senTara banAvyuM. A uparAMta jamanAdAsa menazana bhADuta maMDaLanA pramukha tathA saMgIta sAgara mitramaMDaLanA sahAyaka sabhya, myu. kezavajI vAghajI skulanI vAlI samitimAM sabhya tarIke sevAnuM kArya cAlu ja che. rAjakIya kSetre kesamAM sthAnika maMDaLa tathA blekamAM pramukha tarIke temaja pradeza koMgresanA membara tarIke kArya karela che. 1963 ane 1965 mAM e. AI. sI. sI kArobArI muMbaImAM maLela tyAre meDIkala kamiTimAM bhAga lIdhela. temane mukhya udeza janasevA che. temanA dhaMdhAne laIne temane udeza pAra pADavA kSetra maLI rahe che. temane eka putra che je DekaTara ( ema. bI. bI. esa.) che Ama vaMza paraMparA vaidakIya dhaMdhe temanA kuTuMbamAM cAlyo Ave che. zrI harIlAla rAmajI nakuma (je.pI.) jAmanagara jIllAnA khaMbhAlIyA tAlukAmAM sane 195ra thI sane 1966 nA aMta sudhI saurASTra rAjya, dvibhASI muMbaI rAjya ane chevaTe bRhada gujarAtanI dhArAsabhAnA sabhyapade rahyA janma kheDUta, kame vyApArI banyA, dhame brAhmatva ane sevAvRttithI samAjanAM kAryakara banyA che. sarvodaya sevAjutha sahakArI 17 varSa thayAM temane pramukha tarIke, khaMbhAlIyA vidyotejaka maMDaLa anya chAtrAlaye anya TrasTo tathA anya saMsthA enAM pramukha che. bIjI anya saMsthAonA TrasTI paNa che teo khaMbhAlIyA greIna maracanTa esesIezananA pramukha che teNe guru kabIranA siddhAMte jIvanamAM apanAvI satya, ahiMsA, popakArane jIvanasutra banAvyuM che. sane 197273 nAM bhayaMkara duSkALamAM mRtyunA mukhamAM homAtAM muMgA prANIone bacAvavA mATe kamarakasI ane sutAM jAgatA, khAtAM pitA ane cAlatAM beThAM gAyanAM vicAromAM ja khovAyelA rahe che. samAjanAM kAryo karavA chetI ane jha ane hAthamAM lAkaDI laIne satata parizrama karI rahyA che. zrI harisIha cAvaDA zrI harisiMha cAvaDA kogresanA adanA kAryakara che. samAna jane pAchaLa rahelA vargo jevA ke harijana ThAkaraDA, AdIvAsI vagere mATe temanA manamAM sadAya lAgaNI rahI che potAnA gAmamAM ja bhaNatAM bhaNatAM harijana bALakane saMskAra ApavA bAlavADI calAvatA. harijana pravRtti ane temanA prazno ukelavA mATe teo satata pravRttizIla rahyA che. pAlanapuramAM ThakkarabApA chAtrAlayanI zarUAta temaNe ja karelI. banAsakAMThA jillAmAM nutana bhAratI-maDANa ane te pachI leka niketanaratanapura, grAma vistAronA prazno ukelavA mATe gAmaDAMomAM saMsthA sthApI teo satata gAmaDAonA saMparkamAM rahyA che. jillA grAma rakSaka daLanA mAnad adhikArI tarIke pAMca varSa kAma karI gAmaDAMonAM yuvAnane mArgadarzana ApyuM che. samAjanA kacaDAtA lekenA ane mATe teo jAnane jokhame laDatA rahyA che. garIbone vadhu garIba karanAra dArUnI badI dUra karavA nazAbaMdhInuM kAma paNa teo karatA rahyA che. garIbone rajI ApanAra khAdI-grAmadyoganI pravRtti paNa teo karatA rahyA che. ji9lA khAdI grAmodyoga maMDaLanA maMtrI tarIke bAra varSathI sevA ApI rahyA che ane jillA grAmadyoga sahakArI saMghanA maMtrI tarIke traNa varSa kAma karyuM che. zrI ukAbhAI rUkhaDabhAI khAcara | svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyanI dharmabhaktine nAnI kumaLI vayathI ja raMga lAgyo ane eja dhUnamAM racyA pacyA rahIne Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 chelA 36 varSathI eka saMtayegI jevuM nikhAlasa, nispRhI ane nirmaLa jIvana jIvI rahyAM che. sAraMgapura (hanumAnajI)nA vatanI sAdhAraNa abhyAsa khetIne vyavasAya paNa kaI pUNyayoge saMta mahAtmAonA AzirvAda sAMpaDyA ane AdhyAtmikatAne rAha apanAvyo ane jIvana sArthaka karyuM. becAsaNanI saMsthAnA sthApaka pa. pU. zAstrIjI mahArAja zrI yajJapurUSadAsajInA sekreTarI tarIke tathA saMsthAnA vahIvaTanI javAbadArI paNa temanA zIre sepI bAvIsa varSa sudhI dharmapracAranA kAryamAM yogIjI mahArAja sAthe kAma karyuM. bhAratamAM cAra vakhata temaja yuropa, pUrva AphrikA, yugAnDA, kenIyA, laMDana vagere dezone pU. gIjI mahArAja sAthe pravAsa karyo bhAratanA bhUtapUrva rASTrapati De. rAdhAkRSNanathI mAMDIne aneka vaDA dharmagurUono satsaMga sAMpaDyo A badhI bahAranI Itara pravRtti daramyAna paNa sAraMgapuranI vividha pravRttio jevI ke bAlamaMDaLa, yuvakamaMDaLa, skulakamiTi, sahakArI sosAyaTI, kAThI samAja ane svAminArAyaNa saMsthAmAM sakriya rIte temanI sevA jItI che. garIba vidyArthIone gupta madada ane jarU. rIyAta vALAone khya savalate apAvavAmAM satata prayatnazIla rahyAM che. zrI hiMmatalAla ena. zAha zrI hiMmatabhAI zAhano vaDhavANa zaheramAM 1918 nA ogasTanI 12 mI tArIkhe janma thaye. muMbaI yunivarsiTI dvArA ela. ela bI. sudhIno abhyAsa karyo. 1940 nA rASTravyApI vyaktigata satyAgrahamAM mahatvane bhAga lIdhe ane sAbaramatI jeilamAM keTalAka samaya kArAvAsa bhegavyo. 1 40 thI 194ra bhAvanagara rAjayamAM jagajIvanadAsa enDa ku. mAM bhAgIdAra tarIke vakIlAta karI. 1942 mA kavITa InDIyA muvamenTamAM jagajIvanadAsa enDa kuAM mAthI zrI jagubhAI parIkha, zrI premacaMdabhAI zAha, zrI prahalAdabhAI ane zrI hiMmatabhAI ema cAra jaNAe bhAga lIdhe tene kAraNe jUdI jUdI sajAo thaI. zrI hiMmatabhAIne bhAvanagaranI senTrala jelamAM rAkhavAmAM AvyA hatA ane daza mahInAnI sakhata majurInI sajA thaI ane be hajAra rUpIA daMDa paNa thaye hato. temanA gharamAMthI japtI karI mAla hararAja karI daMDa vasula karavAmAM Avyo hato. jelanI sajA daramyAna keTalIka egya mAMgaNIo aMge temaNe saha-kAryakara sAthe AmaraNAMta upavAsa paNa karelA pAchaLathI gaDhaDAvALA matIcaMdabhAIe pAraNuM karAvyA hatA. 26-6-43 nA roja temanA jelamAMthI chuTakArA pachI te vakhatanA DIsTrIkaTa jaja zrI bAlakRSNa trivedI pAse vakIlAta samaMda tAjI karAvavA zrI hiMmatabhAI gayA tyAre temaNe salAha ApI ke "svarAja kadI AvavAnuM nathI ane jIgajIvanabhAInI pAchaLa khuvAra thavAne koI artha nathI. caLavaLamAM bhAga levA badala mAphI mAMge teja sanaMda tAjI karI ApuM nahitara tame vakIlAta nahi karI zako." zrI trivedI sAhebane be zabdo saMbhaLAvIne temanI hAjarImAM jUnI sanaMda phADIne khumArInuM bhAthuM laI hadayamAM hAma bhIDI cAlI nIkaLyA ane teja sAMje muMbaInI gADI pakaDI. 1948 mAM saurASTranuM ekama thayuM ane temanA sahakAryakare jagubhAI parIkha sahIta sau pradhAna maMDaLamAM AvyA tyAre temane paNa tAra karIne belAvyA. temane kalekaTara rajIsTrAra opha kampanIjhanI ophara karavAmAM AvelI paNa temaNe tene keTalAMka saMraNosara asvIkAra karyo. temane potAno atyAre vyavasAya che. ane te uparAMta haidrAbAdanI eka ku. mArkeTIMga enDa seilisa eDavAIjhara che. muMbaImAM temaNe bhAvanagara prajA maMDaLanI sthApanA karI hatI ane thoDA varSo teo maMtrI hatA. svarAjya AvatA te saMsthAnI jarUrata na rahI. - koMgresanA sakriya sabhya tarIke varSo sudhI kAma karyuM che. chellA daza varSathI muMbaImAM sarvodaya mitramaMDaLa calAve che ane temAM avAra navAra maMtrI, pramukha, khajAnacI vagere mAnad hoddAo upara hoya che. ola InDIyA ledhara guDasa menyu. enDa DIlarsanA maMtrI tarIke paNa ghaNA varSo sudhI rahyAM have pramukha che. All India P. v, c. Delers nAM pramukha tarIke paNa sevAo ApI che. temanA dharmapatnI savitAbahena zAha bI. e. bI TI thayelA che ane samAjasevAnA dareka kAmamAM temane sahakAra maLato rahyo che. zrI hIrAlAla DI. zelata 1945 mAM bhUja skula opha ArTanA prinsIpAlanI kAmagIrI sAthe bhUja myujhiyamanA kayureTara paNa thayA. kalA kauzalya, mutie, zilAlekha vagerenA pAMca hajAra uparAMta namunAono saMcaya ane saMzodhana ane vargIkaraNa karI yogya phanIcara vageremAM Ayojana pUrvaka vyavasthita gelerI enI racanA karavAmAM daza varSa kAmagIrI bajAvI. kacchanA kalA ane myujhiyama vibhAganA pratinidhi tarIke senTrala benDa epha myujhiyama nyu dilhI temaja ola inDiyA epha ArTa ekeDemi nyu dIlhImAM 1954 thI 57 sudhI kAmagIrI bajAvI nyu dilhImAM kacchanA hunnara kalAnI sAmagrI laI ola InDiye pradarzanamAM te samayanI kaccha sarakAra taraphathI bhAga lIdhe teo pAlanapura jIllAnA zikSaNAdhikArI pade che. temanI kArakIrdI daramiyAna temaNe zipanA viSayamAM ghaNA suMdara zipanuM sarjana karyuM che. kacchanA mahArAjAozrInuM zipa jesalameranA divAnanuM zipa, zeTha choTAlAla kilA caMdanuM zilpakalAnA abhyAsamAM navA kalA vidyArthIone sahAyakAraka "azoka yathAdarzana" nAmanuM ArTa para spekaTIvanuM pustaka temaNe lakhyuM che. je DroIga TIcarsa tathA peInTIMganA abhyAsakramamAM khUba upayogI che. Jain Education Intemational

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971 smRti saMdarbha graMtha zrI hIrAlAla mehanalAla kapAsI zrI mohanabhAIe jaina samAjanA kalpavRkSa banI aneka saMsthAomAM prANa pUryA tema Aja zrI hIrAlAlabhAI saunA sanmAnanIya mitra banI dhaMdhAkIya kSetre sArI evI pragati hAMsala karatA rahyAM che. vatana pAlItANathI 1947mAM muMbaImAM Agamana thayuM kApaDanI lAInamAM temanuM mana AkarSAyuM. zarUmAM gaNeza DaIga prInTIMga varkasamAM menejara tarIkenI jhaLakatI kArakIrdinI pratIti karAvI. temanI kartavya niSThAe temanuM bahumAna karyuM DIjhAIna ane mecIMganA acchA abhyAsI tarIke temanI gaNanA thavA lAgI. ArTa ane DIjhAInanA e zekhane kAraNe ane potAnA jAta anubhavane kAraNe DAIga prinTIMganA dhaMdhAmAM yaza kalagI prApta karI. saMgItane paNa jabaro zekha temanI A badhI lalita kalA paratvenA mamatvane kAraNe bahoLA mitra samudAyamAM sanmAna pAmyA pitAzrIna sevA jIvanane vAraso paNa emaNe jALavI rAkhyo che. pAlItANA jaina bAlAzramanA phaMDamAM rUA. 3000/- thI zarUAta karI te sivAya nAnA meTAM aneka phaMDaphALAomAM temane hise hoya ja. pite pAlItANA jaina bAlAzramanA pAsTa TuDanTa yunIyananA vAIsa presIDenTa che. dhArmika sahu tA, kheladIla svabhAva ane pratApI vyakitatvane kAraNe teo kApaDanI lAInamAM satata pragati karatA rahyAM che. vakhata TekasTAIla mazInarIne lagate vyavasAya karanAra vepArI saMsthAmAM teo sthira thayA ane thoDA varSe pite zALAnA bhAge banAvavAnI phekaTarI zarU karI. japAna, pachI jarmanI tema videzanI mIlene lagatA yaMtra banAvanAra kArakhAnAone temaNe saga sAthe ane te mATe ghaNIvAra japAna, madhyapUrva, ane jarmanI vagere dezonI yAtrA karI. phekaTarI vikasAvo keTalAka vakhata pahelA temaNe gujarAtanA audyogika kendra udhanAmAM paNa phekaTarI karI ane have ghaDIyALa banAvavAnuM kArakhAnuM karavA pejanA karI rahyA che. ane A rIte uttarottara saphaLatAnA pAna vaTAvatA jAya che. dhaMdhAkIya hetusara samagra hiMdano pravAsa karyo che. nahivata abhyAsa chatAM zrI amRtalAlabhAInI saphaLatAe khaMta bhaya satata parizramanuM suMdara pariNAma ane ujaLuM daSTAMta che. ochA bAlA ane ekala priya zrI amRtalAlabhAI samAjahitanI pravRttimAM sakriya rasa laI rahyA che. - sadabhAgye temane zrImatI pramIlAbahena jevA saMskArI ane kuLa dharma patnI sAMpaDyA che jeo temanA dareka dhaMdhAkIya temaja sevAkIya kAryomAM sAre rasa laI rahyA che. kapALa mitra ane kapALa samAja sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. nAnAmoTA phaMDaphALAomAM temano yazasvI phALo rahyo che. kanakAI mAtanA jIrNoddhAramAM paNa tana mana dhanathI sAre e rasa lIdhe che. zrI IdulAla durlabhajI bhuvA zeThazrI bhuvA IlAla durlabhajI bhavya puruSArtha, avicaLa AtmazraddhA, akhUTa dhIraja ane viziSTa vyApArI kuneha dharAvatA cIttaLanA panotA putra che. zeThazrIne janma adhI sadI pahelAM cIttaLamAM thayo hate. muMbaIne karmabhUmi banAvI chatAM cIttaLane teo kadIya visaryA nathI. pitAjI durlabhajI karazanajI bhuvAnI zILI chatrachAyA nIce temaNe brahmadezamAM vyApAra ane vANijayanuM jJAna prApta karyuM. meTrIka sudhIno abhyAsa karI deza sevA mATe 1930 mAM satyAgrahamAM joDAyA. dholerA satyAgrahamAM bhAga laI jelavAsa paNa anubhavyo che. zrI bhuvAe barmA, kalakattA, muMbaI vagere sthaLoe pitAnI vyApArI zakita ane kunehane paricaya karAvela che. mAna kIrti ane saujanyapUrNa vyavahAramAMthI prApta thatI lekanI cAhanA paNa prApta karela che. potAnI uMDI sUjhathI kalara kemIkalasanA kSetre jhaLahaLatI siddhi meLavI che. hAlamAM zeThazrI jApAnI bhAgIdArI vALI muMbaInI IDenIyana kemIkala kAM. lI. nuM saMcAlana karI rahyAM che. bhAratanA vikasatA rAsAyaNika udyogamAM emane phaLo che, AvI bhAre audyogika peDhInA menejIMga DAyarekaTara che. e temanI prasaMzanIya saMcAlana zaktine javalaMta purAve che. sAmAjika ane zaikSaNika kSetre zrI azeSabhAI jayaMtabhAI zAstrI zrI azeSabhAI zAstrIno abhyAsa gujarAta yunivarsi. TInI ema. esa. sI. (jIoleja) sudhIno che. chellA nava varSathI rAjakoTanI mAtuzrI virabAimAM mahilA kolejamAM bhUgoLa viSayanA adhyApaka tarIke kArya karI rahyAM che. milanasAra ane paragajU svabhAvanA thI zAstrIne sAhitya saMzodhananI pravRttimAM bhAre moTo rasa che. darzanIya sthAne ane prAcIna jagyAo jevA jANavAnI prabaLa jijJAsA dharAve che. zrI amRtalAla kezuradAsa gAMdhI kApaDanI milone lagatA yaMtranA bhAge ane khAsa karIne zALAne lagatI judI judI sAmagrI banAvanAra mesarsa gAMdhI gupa opha InDasTrIjhanA nirmAtA zrI amRtalAla ke gAMdhI Apa meLe AgaLa vadhelA yuvAna che mULa vatana lIkhALA- kuMDalAmAM aMgrejI cothA dhoraNamAM hatA tyAre 'hiMda choDo' nI dezavyApI hAkala paDI ane temaNe kuMDalAmAM e caLavaLamAM jhaMpalAvyuM. kauTuMbika paristhitinA kAraNe temane ekAeka muMbaI AvavuM paDyuM ane najIkanA sagAne tyAM rahI mAsika rUA. 20 nA pagAre temaNe jIvananI kArakirdI zarU karI cheDo kaMDalAmAM paDI ane tenA kAraNe temane mAsika dezavyA. kobida ke najIkanA sagaDa zarU karI e Jain Education Intemational

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972 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 zeThajIe Apela sevA paNa prasaMzApAtra che. amarelI kapALa DiganA saMcAlana maMDaLa; muMbaInA zikSaNa prasAraka maMDaLa, zivAjI pArka, sporTasa kalaba vagerenA teo saMcAlaka che zeTha zrI IndulAle lAyansa kalaba muMbaInA DAIrekaTara tarIke e saMsthAnA cerITI DrAIva"nA ceramena tarIke rUA. 75000/- karavA dhArelA bhaMDaLane rUpIyA 1,55000 jeTaluM vadhArI dIdhuM che. temaNe InTaranezanala lAyansa kalabanA upakrame jApAna, jarmanI, IMglenDa ane krAMsa vagere daLomAM "sAcAlAyana" tarIke suvAsa phelAvI che zeTha zrI IndulAla InDIyana maracanTasa opha komarsanA sabhya tathA muMbaInI reDiye kalabanA pidrana sabhya che. teozrIe zrIdvArakA khAte temanAM svargastha mAtuzrInI IcchA mujaba temanA mRtyu bAda saMvata 2026 nI sAlamAM dharmazALA sArvajanika upayAga mATe rUpIA ekalAkha pacIsa hajAranA kharce taiyAra karI vAsaNa tathA pAgaraNa rUA. 25000/- nuM vasAvI dIdhuM ane atyAre AmajanatA lAbha le che. tAjetaramAM eka vizvavikhyAta jApAnInA kelerezanathI vaDodarAmAM eka kemIkala plAnTanuM Ayojana karyuM che. zeThazrI bhuvAne vepAramAM ati Avazyaka evI sAhasikatA svAbhAvika rIte varelI che. tenuM darzana thAya che sva. zrI mathuradAsa maNIlAla pArekha sihoranA vatanI zrI mathuradAsa maNIlAla pArekha popaTabhAInAM hulAmaNA nAmathI paricIta hatA uttarAvasthAnI TuMkI mAMdagI bheLavI temane tA. 1pa-pa-6nA roja svargavAsa thayo. zrI mathuradAsabhAIne janma tA 8-6-1895nA reja kAMkareja gAme thayo hato. temanI bALa vayamAM mAtA svargavAsa thayA ane yuvAvasthAmAM pitAnI chAyA gumAvI eTale aMgrejI 5 mA dhoraNathI abhyAsa choTI nAnI vayamAM ja temanA moTAbhAI zrI ratibhAI pArekhanA bhulezvara uparanA kApaDanA dhaMdhAmAM joDAI gayA. zrI ratibhAI svAzrayI ane udyamI hatA. temanAmAM karakasara ane cIvaTanAM vizeSa guNa hatA tethI zrI mathuradAsabhAIne temanA hAtha nIce sArI tAlIma maLI hatI. meTAbhAInAM guNe temanAmAM paNa utarI AvelA. A rIte theDA varSomAM dhaMdhAkIya kuzaLatA meLavIne zrI ratIbhAInI AjJA laIne muLajI jeThA mArakITamAM garama kApaDano svataMtra vepAra zarU karyo. vepAranAM navA kSetramAM AvatAnI sAtheja pU. gAMdhIjInI asahakAra ane videzI mAlanA bahISkAranI caLavaLane lIdhe dhaMdhAmAM ArthIka rIte ghaNuM sahana karavuM paDeluM. paraMtu pitAnI kuzAgra buddhi ane dhIrajathI ArthIka maMdIne kuzaLatA pUrvaka nIvArI zakayA eTaluM ja nahIM paNa dhaMdhAmAM sthiratA prApta karI AgevAna vepArInI haLamAM AvyuM. temanAmAM sAhasIka vRtti ane vepAra saMbaMdhInI uMDI suja hatI. temaja paristhitinuM mApa kADhavAnI AvaData hatI. A badhA guNone kAraNe garama kApaDanA vepArInI esesIezanamAM teo sakriya bhAga letA ane nyAya kamiTimAM rahI sArI sevA bajAvelI. temaNe zrI kaLa ko. opareTIva benkamAM DIrekaTara padethI beMkane sevA ApelI ghaNA varSo sudhI ghATakoparanI kapoLa jJAtinA upapramukhanA hodA para rahI jJAtisevA karI ane ghATakeparanA peLa yuvaka maMDaLa tathA anya saMsthAo sAthe varSo sudhI saMkaLAyelA rahelA Ama anekavidha sAmAjIka pravRttimAM rahI yathAzakita sevA ApatA hatA Ama chatAM haMmezAM prasiddhIthI dUra rahevAne temane svabhAva hate. jIvanamAM sAdAI ane karakasaranA himAyatI hatA te paNa svacchatA ane sughaDatA pratye vizeSa cIvaTa rAkhatA temanA nikhAlasa ane mAyALu svabhAvane kAraNe ane pIDha anubhavane lIdhe kuTuMbamAM ane snehamimAM temanI salAhanI gaNanA thatI. zrI mathuradAsabhAI potAnA jIvanamAM abhyadaya mATe temanAM moTAbhAI sva. zrI ratibhAI ane anya vyakitao jemanA prabhAva ane doravaNI nIce jemanI pAsethI temane zIkhavA maLyuM temanI pratye teo haMmeza suNabhAva vyakata karatA. pote sukhI ane bhAvanAzIla hatA AthI temaNe kartavyabhAve prerAIne muMbaInI zrI harakIsanadAsa hospITala zrI jItharI khuzAladAsa jagajIvanada sa TI. bI. hospITala zrI kapoLa keLavaNI TrasTa zrI sIhora keLavaNI TrasTa zrI amarelI verAI mAtA maMdirano jIrNoddhAra prasa ge zrI taLAjA hospITalamAM sAdhano vasAvavA temaNe yathAzakita madada karelI che. temaja taLAjAmAM chAsakendra khelyuM ane pazu mATe ghAsa cArAnI sagavaDa karI ApI. anya bIjI saMsthAone paNa nAnI moTI Arthika madada karI pitAnI saMpattine avyaya karI yaza meLavyA zrI IzvaralAla ema. zAha banAsakAMThA jillA sahakArI kSetre AgevAna kAryakaramAMnA eka zrI IzvaralAlabhAI e pitAnI dhIkatI vakIlAtanA kAryakSetrenI sAthe sAthe sahakArI ane sAmAjika kSetre paNu gaNanApAtra sevAnI suvAsa ubhI karI che. vyavasAyanI sAthe jIvananI utaMga daSTino samanvaya sAdhI manana-ciMtana ane Adarzo pratyeno abhigama keLavI sevA parAyaNa jIvana jIvI rahyAM che-pAlanapuranI sAmAjika saMsthAo reDakresa, roTarI kalaba, sarvamaMgalama, banAsakATha: ArTasa enDa sAyansa koleja Adarza hAIkula DIsA, thIyesephIkala sAyaTI pAlanapura, harijana sevaka saMdha pAlanapura vigere saMsthAomAM temanI ujajavaLa sevAo jANItI che. te zikSaNa ane keLavaNInI kiMmata barAbara jANe che ane tethI ja keLavaNInI dizAmAM kAma karatI saMsthAone pagabhara banAvavAmAM ane tenA saphaLa saMcAlanamAM tana mana visAre mUkI kAma karatA rahyA che. pAlanapuranA vyavahArakuzaLa agraNI tarIke karmaniSTha kAryakara tarIke jillAmAM sArU mAna pAna pAmyA che, Jain Education Intemational

Page #978
smRti saMdarbha graMtha 973 pratyeka vyakitamAM rahela sadaguNe jovAnI temanI vRtti ane tenuM pitAnA jIvanamAM vartanane kAraNe teo saunA vadhAre prItipAtra banyA che. dakSiNa-uttara ane pazcima bhAratanA darzanIya sthAnene pravAsa karI ghaNe anubhava-jJAna saMpAdIta karyA che. sahakArI kSetranI sAthe khetI viSayaka pravRttiomAM paNa eTalI ja dIlacaspI dharAve che. e nAnI duniyAmAM bhAI cArAnI mahAbata maheke. e vakhate badhA kapoLa kuTuMbamAM zeTha vanamALI jIvAnuM paNa AgaLa paDatuM nAma. deza videzanI peDhIo ane sarakArI koDIone mAla-sAmAna pUrA pADavAne mULa vyavasAya vikasAvele pahelI ebIsInIyana laDAI veLAe moTA jaththAmAM ghI purU pADI sArI kamANI karI. jara-jamIna ne makAno vasAvyA. samAja ane jJAti hitanA badhA kAryomAM sAro rasa dharAve, dharmaniSTha ane sAtvika vRttinA samaya pramANe nAnI moTI sakhAvate karI eka AgevAna lekhAyA. temane eka putra dAmodaradAsa janmathI nAjuka tabIyatanA ane AjAra. bApIke dhaMdhe karI zakayA nahi paNa makAna mitakanA dekhItA vahIvaTa bhADuM ane bIjI Avaka vadhArI. temane eka putra te zrI mulaja sva. zrI uttamalAla mulajIbhAI jAgalA. AjanA pacaraMgI muMbaI zaheranA sarvAgI vikAsamAM ghaNI ke mane judI judI rIte phALo che ane tenA ghaNA A gevAnonI kULakathA muMbaInI vikAsa gAthA sAthe saMkaLAelI che. temAM kapoLa kema ane tenA ghaNA agresarane paNa yazasvI ane noMdhapAtra hise che AvA yazabhAgI ane hitaSionI ujajavaLa kArakirdIno ItihAsa ApaNe pUro jANatA nathI. ghaNI komI ane tethI vizeSa bIna kamI vividha sakhAvate sAthe jemanA nAma maraNa aMkita thayelA che temanI ane te mATe jemaNe moTA dAne ApyA che tevA dAtAonI dUradarzitA ne dilAvarI viSe ApaNane bahu thoDI mAhitI che. muMbaI zaheranI utkAtinA samAntare vikasatA jatA ApaNuM sAMskRtika utkarSane itihAsa joIe e rIte ApaNe sAcA nathI. pUra jhaDape badalatI jatI AjanI duniyA ane na AkAra tenI samAja racanA vacce ApaNI vArasAgata saMskAra praNAli ane paraMparA bhUlAtA jAya che. tyAre koI jUnI peDhIne rahyA sahyA pratinidhinI samAja hitanI utkRSTa bhAvanA sukRtyarUpe sAkAra pAme che teve vakhate AvI saMbhAvanAnI pRSThabhUmimAM jUnI Akhone e paraMparAgata saMskAra ane ucca praNAlinA darzana thAya che. bhavya bhUtakALa sajIvana thaI AnaMda ane gauravanI jhalaka upasAvI jAya che. varSo jUnI vAta che, tyAre mu baInA madhyamAM AvelA bArabhAI mahollAmAM kapoLa kemane meTo vasavATa peDhI be peDhIthI. ghaNAM kuTuMba sAdhana saMpanna ane samRddha. ghaNAne ghera makAna-mALA ane jara-jamIna tyAM tenI luhANA jaina surata bAjuna, cIkalIgara tema gujarAtI ane mulatAnI jevI badhI keme vacce kapALenuM varcasva badhAM maMjilA ane AnaMdapriya, tevAja udAra ane utsAhi vAra tahevAre utsava ujANIo thAya ane meTA dhArmika tahevAramAM mahele gokaLayuM bane. navarAtrI mahotsavano mahimA moTo lattAnI cAre bAju horA memaNa tema musalamAnanI paNa vastI moTI navarAtrInA rAsa-garabI ane dAMDiA rAsa temane mana moTuM joNuM. nAmI gAyakanA saMgItanA jalasA thAya ane eka divasa acUka kavAlInI mahephila jAme. bahena-beTio bALako sAthenI badhI strI purUSanI comera maTI ThaTha jAme. badhA zista ne pUrI AmanyA pALe roja-ba-rojanA jIvanamAM paNa badhA mAnanI draSTie jue; vAra tahevAre khuzI manAve ane sArA-mAThA prasaMge hamadI dAkhave. nadI-nAva saMjoge zeTha vanamALI jIvAnA pautra mulajIbha I badhe vAra vadhAryo. bhaNelA DuM paNa makAna milakatanA vahIvaTanA anubhave kAyadA kAnUnanI jANakArI sArI. aMgrejI bhASA para sAro kAbU, svabhAve AkarA paNa pUrA pramANika kajIA kaMkAsa ane varavAMdhA patAve. lavAda tarIke badhA svIkAre ne pote pure nyAya toLe. keIvAra pitAne ghera pakSakArone bolAvI korTanI adAthI lavAdI kare, kahe tyAM adabathI besavAnuM, vagara pUche ke vacce vacce bolavAnuM nahi, kAma cAlatuM hoya tyAre keie uThabesa-karavAnI nahi, pUche teTale ja javAba ApavAno jAte kephiyata noMdha ne dhArAsara kAgaLIyA karI lAgatA vaLagatAne sAkSI pAse sahI sikkA karAve, ghaNIvAra pArako kajIo uchIne le ne gAMThanA gopIcaMdana kare. keraTa kacerIne vakIla bArisTarane tyAMnA AMTApherA e emane nityane vyavasAya. temane be saMtAna; eka uttamabhAI ane bIjA narottamabhAI. bALapaNuthI ja svataMtra devabhAvanA ne taraMgI paNa kuzAgra buddhinA harakoI herata pamADanArI vastu jue te tenI karAmatane pAra pAmavAnI kutuhUlavRtti bhAre. abhyAsa tarapha ruci ne bhASA jJAna tarapha prIti 5 bIjA keTalAka viSaye tarapha aNagame. dAdAvArInuM ghaDiyALa bagaDe ke baMgaDI vALuM bodu vAge te tene samArIne ja jhaMpe emanA manathI e meTuM ne sauthI agatyanuM kAma. nIo ane sAMcAnuM samAra kAma-karanAra cakalI kArI garo bhADUta jarura paDe tyAM doDI jAya. nAnA moTAM hathIyAra -ojAra kharIdI lAve. lADa keDamAM uchare. mana gamatuM karavAnI pUrI chUTane sAdhana sagavaDa sulabha. AvI suvidhAo svabhAvagata khAsiyata uttarottara vikasatI cAlI ne kaMine kaMI samAra kAmanI pravRttie emane abhyAsakhaMDa eka nAnuM varkazopa banyA heyA ukalate ghaNI gUMca ukele ane kAma kAmane zIkhave paNa tethI kaMI karAmatane pAra pAmyA tema DuM lekhAya ! badhI yAMtrika racanAne kaLA karAmatanA keI siddhAMtane zAstara te kharA jane ! evA badhA rahasya sama Jain Education Intenational

Page #979
974 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 javA nAnA moTA pustake lAve ne deza videzathI sAmayika maMgAve. navI-jUnI kaLA kAmagIrInI cIjone namUnA sAcave thaDA vakhate e abhyAsakhaMDa, varkazopa sAthe avanavI kaLA kArIgIrInI cIjonuM saMgraha sthAna ane vividha pustakane sAmayika dharAvatuM puratakAlaya banyA. mAnavInI karAmata sAthe kudaratanI kaLA joDe uttamabhAIne ajaba mahobata, badhA pazupakSI tarapha anahada prema sapheda uMdara, suMdara sasalA, jaMga- bArI pepane kAkA kahaA tema jAta jAtanAM ne raMgaraMganA pakSIo pALe. jAta karatA e badhAnI vadhAre khevanA rAkhe ne tenI khAsiyata samajavA prayatna kare e badhAnuM lAlana pAlana e emane AnaMda. evA AnaMda meLAmAM eka navuM pAtra umerAyuM. eka jAtivaMta kutaro iTAlIyana mitre bheTa Ape bhAre capaLa tagaDe ne mehaka acchI rIte keLavyA rAta divarAne bherUbaMdha. keTalAka vakhate e cakora prANI koi akaLa roganuM bega banyuM. ghaNI sAravAra ApavA chatAM na bacyuM. tyAre udAsI chavAI divasa sudhI anna pANI akArA lAgyA ne evA vAyA ke divasa sudhI UparathI nIce na utaryA. e prANa jAta tarapha emane anahada prema ne ajaba AkarSaNa paNa naMdavAelA e haiyAe kadI bIjA prANI sAthe prIta na karI te naja karI. zikSaNa premI ne kAyadA kAnUnanI jANakArInA bhAre zekhIna pitAne ucca abhyAsa karAvI putrane meTo vakIla bArisTara banAvavAnI bahu umeda. paNa yAMtrika vizeSa taraphanA abhigamane prakRti taraphanI abhirucI divasanuM divasa ochI thatI rahI ane pariNAme aMgrejI cothA dharaNathI emano abhyAsa aTakyAM ogaNIsa varSanI uMmare emanuM prathama lagna thayuM thoDA vakhate prasuti pachInI bimArImAM patnI rAdhAgaurIe cira vidAya lIdhIne jIvanamAM sunakAra chavAyo divase gaNatA mAsa vityA ane kaLA kArIgIrIne karAmata tarapha vaLI mana vaLyuM zubhecchakonA Agrahane vaza thaI AyAta nikAsanA vyavasAyamAM joDAyA. deza-videzanA vepArIo joDe patra vyavahAra kare ane dhaMdhAkIya badhI bAbate samaje paNa vyApArI AMTIghUMTine kunehamAM temane koI kaLA ke karAmata na kaLAyA cheDe vakhate rAjIkhuzIthI svecchAe phArega thayA. (saMkalana : hIrAlAla. mu. : svargastha pArekha daMpatinI samRtimAM temanA putra zrI rasikalAla harSadarAya, ane rohitakumAre rU 20000 ne cikitsAlaya mATenA saMpUrNa sAdhana ane ojAre gujarAta rAjaya taraphathI cAlatI hospITalamAM daMta cikitsAlaya no vibhAga sva mathuradAsa maNIlAla pArekha ane bijakarabena mathuradAsanuM nAma joDI zarU karAvyuM. zrI abhecaMdabhAI gAMdhI amecaMdabhAI gAMdhInI jhaLakatI vyApArI kArakidI che meTrIka sudhI ja abhyAsa karyo 1941 thI kuTuMbathI svataMtra peDhIno prAraMbha karyo kame & gAMdhI enDa sansa" nAmanA meLavatI cAlIne Aje nava zAkhAno bahoLo parivAra dharAve che. dhArmika saMsthAomAM zrI svAminArAyaNa gurUkaLa TrasTa (TrasTI) zrImada bhAgavata gItA pAThazALA (pramukha vardhaka gupa) zrImad bhAgavata saptAha maMDaLa (u. pramukha) khAsa ulalekha pAtra che. sAmAjIka saMsthAo jevI ke gujarAtI keLavaNI maMDaLa, mAnava sevAsaMga gujarAtI kalaba seraDa vikAsa maMDaLanA vikAsane saMvardhanamAM temane noMdhapAtra phALo hate. eka AgevAna udyogapati tarIke vyApArI maMDaLamAM teo agatyanA sthAne zobhAvatA jemAM dhI bombe karIyANA kAra kemIsa maracanTasa esesIezana (upa pramukha) spAIsIsa eksarTa prapozana kAunsela ( vAisa ceramena) jevA agatyanA vyApAra june samAveza thAya che. udyoganA vikAsa arthe amerIkA jApAna jevA dezonI mulAkAta te levI paDe paNa 1956mAM bhArata sarakAranA karIyANA vyApAranA pratinidhi tarIke yurepaneya pravAsane teja kame 1960 62, 6pa mAM pratinidhi maMDaLamAM duniyAnA vividha dezonI parikramAM temaNe karI che vizvanA AMtararASTriya vyApAranA jhaghaDAnAM zAMtimaya samAdhAna arthe amerikA-jIta AbITezana" esesI ezane bhAratanA pratinidhimAM temane samAveza karela che te temanA vyaktitvanI ghaNI badhI vizeSatAo chatI karI jAya che. vatana unAnI zALA, hospITala chAtrAlaya vagere bhAgye ja koI sArvajanika saMsthA evI haze ke je temanA AzirvAda nahI pAmI hoya unAnI-ahIMnI aneka saMsthAnI prAraMbhanI pragatimAM temanA dAnano hisso haMmezA noMdhapAtra rahyo che. jyAre vikAsanA pratyeka pAne temanI doravaNI dakSatAbharI nIvaDI che temanA aneka viMdha kAryakSetranA vizALa phalakamAM chatA thatAM buddhi-pratibhA vyavahAra kuzaLatA duraMdezitA AdInA nAnA-moTA prasaMge jyAre sAMbhaLIe tyAre temanA samRddha chatA saMgupta vyakitatvane abhAve vaMdana karyA sivAya rahI zakAtuM na hatuM. sva. zrI amRtalAla popaTalAla ojhA sva. zrI amRtalAlabhAI eka prabhAvazALI vyakita hatA keIpaNa jJAtinA bhAI bahena temanI pAsethI khAlI hAthe pAchA pharatA nahi keLavaNI pratye temane anahada prema hatA temanuM darzana temanA vatana umarALAnI kanyAzALAne jAte tathA nAnAbhAInI sAthe aDadhA lAkha jeTalI rakama phaMDamAM svecchAe ApI temAM thAya che. teTalI ja bIjI rakama paNa teoe vatanane ApI pitAnuM gaurava jALavI rAkhyuM. pUnAnA che. jayazaMkara pitAMbara atithigRhane paNa sArI evI rakama Apela che. muMbaI zrImALI brAhmaNa samAjane temaNe ucca zikSaNa nidhi mATe sattara aDhAra hajAranI rakama ApI che. jJAti sevA ane keLavaNI pratye temane prema aDhaLaka che. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 975 bhAvanagaranI premazaMkara dhanezvara zrImALI brAhmaNa borDiMgane teoe vAraMvAra madada ApI che. A uparAMta vaidakIya saMsthAo ispitAle anAthAzrama dharmasthAne ane evI aneka bIjI saMsthAone udAra dIlathI madada karI che. sAmAnya mANasamAMthI dhanADhaya udyogapatiM banavA chatAM dayA ane udAratAnA sAgara samAna hatA temanI raheNIkaraNI sAdI hatI teo dharma. zIlatA ane dharmarAgamAM paNa yajJa yajJAdi, zrImad zaMkarAcAryajInI padharAmaNI ane sarabharA. kathAkIrtana maMdIro ane dharmasthAnane bheTa vagere aneka dhArmika saddakAryo vaDe dharma bhAvanAne ucca banAvI hatI. deza pratyenI samAja pratyenI pharaja bajAvavAnuM kadI bhUlyA nathI. svargastha amRtalAlabhAIe kamAI paNa jANyuM ane jIvI paNa jANyuM. saMsAramAM aneka jIvAtmAo Ave che ane vilaya paNa pAme che. cheDA ja bhAgyazALI puNyAtmA e hoya che je ' marajIvA" banI jIvaMta rahe che amara banI jAya che. sva. amRtalAlabhAI amRta kUpa samAna hatA. amRta e sajIvanI che. teo dehAvasAna bAda paNa mAnava hadayamAM vAse karI rahyA che ane jIvana sArthaka karI amaratA pAmyA che. AvA eka pratApI purUSArtha puNyazALI, dariyAI dilanA, kemaLa hadayanA sneha mUrti samA zrI amRtalAlabhAI kharekhara saurASTranA kiMmatI ratna samAna lakhe che. A rIte temaNe sArI pragati sAdhI che. temanA sudhAraka vicAra zreNInA lekhe bhadra bhAskaramAM "jJAti maiyA balIdAna mAMge che" e zreNImAM kAyama Ave che ane aMte brahmabhaTTa yuvaka mAsikamAM "rivAjo palaTo mAMge che" e zreNImAM kAyama kAMtikAraka bhASAmAM prasiddha thAya che. zrI kapuracaMda rAyazI zAha saurASTranA jAmanagaranA DabAsaMganA vatanI che. meTrIka sudhIno abhyAsa vidhabhyAsa daramyAna sAmAyika pravRttio, lAibrerI gauzALA vageremAM rasa lIdhe 1961 thI 1965 sudhI kocIna khAte ekasaparTa ImporTanuM saphaLa saMcAlana karyuM tyArabAda 1965mAM muMbaInI peDhImAM meTAbhAInuM ekasIDanTathI avasAna thatAM muMbaI AvavuM paDayuM. muMbaInI peDhInuM saMcAlana karyuM daramyAna gujarAtamAM kaIpaNa sthaLe mIla karavAne vicAra AvatA bhAvanagaramAM 1966mAM koparAnI mIla zarU karI gujarAtamAM koparela telanuM utpAdana karatI A eka ja mIla hatI bhAvanagaramAM anukuLa vAtAvaraNa na jaNAtAM chevaTe muMbaImAM pharI dhaMdhAmAM sthira thayAM che. svabhAve ghaNA ja udAra ane paragajU che. sva. zrI kAntilAla DI. beTAdakara | gujarAta jANe che ke sva. kavi boTAdakara jIvanamAM aneka muzkelIo duHkhe nirAzAo joI asaMkhya dhaMdhAnA prayoga bAda prAthamika zikSakanA jIvanathI saMtoSa mAnyuM hatuM. aMta kALa vakhate emanI jIvana bacata mAtra vizeka rUpiyA hatI. AvI garIbI vacce svargastha bhAI kAntilAlano janma thayo hato bALavayamAM ja kavi pitAne svargavAsa thaye vidhavA mAtAe jema tema karI aMgrejI pAMca cha copaDIo sudhI zikSaNa apAvyuM. Arthika muMjhavaNamAM temaNe puruSArtha zarU karyo pUrI meTrIka sudhInIya keLavaNI lIdhA vagara emaNe muMbaInA rastA upara padayAtrA zarU karI aneka dhaMdhA ajamAvyA paNa nasIbe yArIna ApI pAMceka varSa bhukhyA peTe dhaMdhA pAchaLa tapa karyuM tyAre emane hera-pIna banAvavAnuM sUjhayuM emAM emanI jhINI, tAMtrika daSTi kAme lAgI khUba jhaDape emaNe vyApAra vadhAryo ane pAMca cha varasamAM pInanA utpAdananA eka sArA vepArI banI zakayA. hatA. zrI amRtalAla devisiMha brahmabhaTa teozrIne abhyAsa meTrIka sudhI che. pitAne mIla ina sTorano svataMtra dhaMdhe "prakAza TreDarsa"nA nAmathI amadAvAdamAM ghI bajAra sutarIyAnA DahelAmAM meDA upara (Te na. 24507 zarU karyo che.) jJAti kSetre haMmezA teo sAthe ApatA AvyA che. eTaluM ja nahi paNa sakriya kAma paNa karyuM che te preta bhajana ane vara viyanA virodhI che jAhera kSetramAM teo gujarAta vahepArI maMDaLanA paNa sabhya che bra. vi. maMDaLanA bhUtapUrva chAtra ane gRhapati hatA, traNa cAra varSa sudhI tenA kAryavAhaka rahyAM hatA be varSa maMtrI tarIke hatA. maMDaLanA teo AjIvana sabhya che. daMDhAva bra. maMDaLanA be varSa kAryavAhaka sabhya tarIke hatA ane tenA AjIvana sabhya che. atyAre daMDhAva bra. maMDaLanA upa pramukha che. "yuvaka"nA AjIvana sabhya che. 1950mAM amadAvAdamAM maLela mahA gujarAta brahmabhaTTa yuvaka saMmelanamAM mahAmaMtrI tarIke temaNe kAma karyuM che. devaDA gAmamAM veTara varkasanA kAmamAM yathAzakti phALo Apela tathA muMbaImAM devaDAvAsIonuM sahakAra maMDaLa sthApI devADa gAmanA lAbhArthe cerITI zo rAkhI sArI evI rakama phALo karI ApavAmAM agragaNya bhAga lIdhela. temane sAhityane paNa sAre zekha che 1958mAM temaNe "pragatine paMthe" nAmanuM nATaka lakhyuM ne bhajavAyuM. hindI gujarAtI kAvya paNa teo avAra navAra emanuM tapa phaLyuM ane parasevAe paise ApavA mAMDe eja kALamAM "beTAda prajA maMDaLa" ane "vidyAbhAratI" saMsthA taraphathI emanA pitA kavizrI beTAdakaranI smRtimAM kelejanI vAva karI bhAizrI kAMtilAle pitRRNa pheDavAnI taka sAdhI lIdhI eja vakhate rUpiyA savA lAkhanuM dAna jAhera karyuM Aje boTAdamAM e kavi kaleja traNa varSathI cAle che. eNe bhavya ane kalAtmaka makAno karyA che. ane gujarAtanA zikSaNa kSetre avanavI bhAta pADI chesvabhAve Jain Education Intemational

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976 . saraLa nirAbhimAna ane dukhIo pratye paragaju hatA asaMkhya vyaktine sugI sahAya karI che kArakhAnAnA nekazane te sahabhAgI gaNatA tethI khUba cAhanA pAmelA boTAdane go hajI bAdakara bAga 'mahilA udyoga gRha" janatA ' vAcanAlaya " vagere karavanA emanA koDa hatA. AvA raMgIlA sukhI buddhane gujarAte epIla dRmAM TUMkI mAMdagI bAda ' gumAvyA pazu emanI yane suvAsa sadA mahekatI raheze. zrI gIjubhAI mahetA temanuM janmasthAna merI che. temanI vyApArI kArakirdInI zarUAta muMbaimAM Draga hAusathI thaI svataMtra buddhi dharAvatA pratibhAzALI yuvAna zrI gIjubAi vyApArI kSetra Tuka sama yamAM jANItA thaI gayA chellA paccIsa varSathI bombe ga DIsTrIbyuTarsa " vitaraNa saMsthAnA teozrI sutradhAra ane AtmA banI rahyA che. vyApAra kSetre pragati sAdhI rahyA che. atula sTorsa prAiveTa lImITeDamAM tenA DArekTara che ane A sTArsa taraphathI dAdamAM sosAyaTI koya sTIsa cAlI rahyu che. mArakhInI suprasidhdha arUNeAdaya milsanA teo DAyakaTara che madrAsanI pI TrAmarIna enDa pIMgaaiyana prAya veTa lImITeDanA DAyakaTara tarIke teozrI niyukta thayela che. A badhA vyApArI kSetre temanuM sthAna atrima che. parantu yuvAna zrI gIjubhAIne mAtra vyApAra udyoga priya che evu nathI sAmAjIka sevAnA kSetre paNa temanu vizALa kArya kSetra che. potAnI janmabhUmi mALInI vividha keLavaNInI sasthA je kalpavA jevI thaI che teno yaza keLavaNI premI zrI gIjubhAIne phALe jAya che. cAra gInI sarvodaya yukezana sAmAthI mALImAM ArTasa komasa ane sAyansa ema traNa kolene eka kanyA vidyAlaya ane hunnara udyoga zALA vagere cAvI rahela che tenA teo eka sthApaka che. A sasthAonI zarUAtathI ja TrasTI ane mAnada maMtrI ke, jaina vidyArthIgRha muMbai vagere keLavaNInI saMsthAonA manI che. mAnava maMdira TrasTa saMcAlita zrImati na varmona rasIkalAla prabhAzaMkara zeDa vividhalakSI vidyAlayanA teo TrasTI che. yuvAnAne vaktRtvakaLAnI tAIma ApatI padmIka spIkIMga insTITayuzana mATuMgAnA teo pramukha che zrI gIjubhAI TerIyana che. roTarI kalaba embenAnA teo agragaNya hatA ane hamaNA tAjetaramAM vaDAlA mATuMgA zIvamAM navI roTarI kalaba zarU karavAnuM mAna temane phALe jAya che. ane A roTarI kalaba apa DAunanA teo atyAre upa pramukha che. roTarI kalaba keLavaNI dizAmAM je mahatvanuM kArya karI rahI che tenI vividha samitiomAM zrI gInnusArka sakriya rasa laI rahyA che teozrI vardhamAna sthAnakavAsI jaina zrAvaka saMdha dAdaranA upapramukha ane TrasTrI che sthAkavAsI jaina zrAvaka saMgha mATuMgAnA TrasTI che. akhila bhArlR zvetAmbara sthAnakavAsI jaine konphransa eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 zrI bruhada muMbai sthAnakavAsI jaina mahAdha muMbaI jaina yuvaka saMgha, bhArata jaina mahAmaDaLa vagere saMsthAe sAthe teo sakriya saMkINuM che jaina zALAe yuvaka maMDaLo vage nI pravRttionA te preka che muMbaInA jaina kalInIkane zrI vardhamAna sthAnakavAsI jaina zrAvaka sadya suyansane temanA pitAzrI umiyAzakara harakhaca'da mahetAnA nAme sArvajanika DIspensarI zarU karavA mATe Apela dAnothI samAja temanA phaNI che. temane tAjetaramAM je.pI. nI mAnada padavI enA yata karela che. zrI kanubhAIe pAnAnA phemIlI TrasTamAMthI rUpiyA eka lAkha jevI mAtabara rakama meLImAM zrImatI nitanI gIranAra mahetAnA nAmathI lo koleja cAlu karavA zrI savaca ejyukezana sosAyaTIne Apela che. zrI gIradharalAla chaganalAla vAsANI ( cerITebala TrasDa mubaI joTAdanA vatanI ane muMbaImAM vasatA zrI makhamukhalAlabhAI gIradharalAla vasANI e pAtAnA pitAzrInI yAdagIrImAM uparokata TrasTanI sthApanA 1967 mAM muMbaImAM karela che. zrI manasukhalAla vasANI chellA keTalAMka varasothI pAtAnI maryAdita AvakamAMthI samaye samaye samAjopayogI pravRttio mATe yAgya rakama phALavavAmAM AvatI hatI. dara varase samAjane kaine kAMI upayAgI rIte manu thaI zake tevI bhAvanA temanA manamAM ghaNAM varasethI hAine vatana pratyenA premane kAraNe beATAdamAM janatAne rAhata thAya tevI saMsthAonI jarUrIyAta lAgatAM dara varase niyata Avaka cAlu rahe tevI vyavasthA goThavIne A vakhtanI sthApanA karavAmAM AvI. ane te rIte TrasTane dara varase rUA. 7,000 nI Avaka cAlu rahetAM TrasTamAM dara varase tevI rakamanA merA cAlu ja rahe che. tenuM uparAMta TrasTana hAlanA TrasTIo svaicchika rIte zakya hoya tyAre potAnI gata AvakamAMthI samAja pacegI pravRttio mATe chellA be varasathI ghara vase sArI evI rakama TrasTane paNa kare che. A TrasTa taraphathI boTAdamAM atyAre mAtuzrI maNIbAI vasANI Arogya kendra cAlI Dela che. A bArAgya kendranI vAta bAda ane gorAda tAlukAnI samasta prajA mATe sArA lai sI che, Arogya kendramAM tabIbI sevAno cArja sAmAnya che, TI. A. nA pezanTa mATe maphata davAnI, sAravAranIyeAjanA Arogya kendramAM che, Aje dararoja baso jeTalA dardI A A DIspensarIno lAbha laI rahyA che. A Arogya kendrane vikasAvavAnI TrasTIonI bhAvanA che. muMbaimAM paNa A TrasTa taraphathI lAyansa kalaba beku gherI vasANI DAyAgnosTIka senDara zarU thayu che. A DAyAnaTIka senTaramAM mubainA judA judA viSayonA tabIbI kSetre niSNAta DokTaro bahu ja ochI phImAM sevA ApI rahyA che. rUA. 80,000 arI lAyansa kalabamAM ApyA.

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mRti saMdarbhagraMtha sva. zrI. caMpakalAla cunilAla dAdabhAvALA jemanAmAM nakhazIkha saujanya hatuM, jemanA jIvanamAM sevA, audArya ane paropakArI bhAvanA tANAvANAnI mAphaka vaNAI gaI hatI evA zrI caMpakabhAI saurASTranA vaDhavANanuM gaurava samA hatA. ane vaDhavANanI zAna hatA. kaI paNa lekopayegI kAma mATe temanI pAse jAva temanA dvAra hamezA khullA ja hatA. temane janma vaDhavANanA suprasiddha dAdabhAvALA kuTuMbamAM 1902 mAM thayo hate. zizuvayathI ja gAMdhI vicAra saraNIthI raMgAyA hatA. sva. metIbhAI sva. cImanabhAI vaiSNava ane zivAnaMdajInA sAthamAM svadezI ane bIja sevA kAryomAM bhAga letA hatA temanA pitA sva cunibhAI custa gAMdhI vAdI hatA ane kulacaMdabhAI zAhanI rAjakIya ane sAmAjika pravRttiomAM nikaTanA sAthIdAra hatA abhyAsamAM caMpakabhAI khUbaja tejasvI hatA punAnI pharagyusana kolejamAM inTarane abhyAsa karI 18 varSanI nAnI vaye amerikAmAM vadhu abhyAsa mATe prayANa karyuM amerikA abhyAsa arthe janArAomAM saurASTranA kadAca teo sau prathama haze 22 varSe MscnI DIgrI meLavI svadeza pAchA pharyAM bIna lohI dhAtunI ADa peDhAzane vepAra paradeze sAthe cAlu karyA A vyApAramAM hindusatAnamAM pahela karanAre (Pioneer) hatA Aje paNa temane A vyApAra cAlu che temanAmAM zrI ane sarasvatIne sarasa e sumeLa hate jevA e vidyAvyAsaMgI ane abhyAsu hatA evA ja zila ane dIlanA udAra ane amIra hatA jyAM jyAM mAnavatAne maherelI dekhI tyAM tyAM emaNe amI sIMcyAja karyA che vaDhavANanuM jhAlAvADanuM ke saurASTranuM kaI paNa lekaDitanuM kAma hoya temAM sva caMpakabhAIne phALe te avazya hoya ja pachI te hAIskUla hoya ke gauzALA hoya jainavADI hoya ke davAkhAnuM hoya jyAM jyAM pahoMcI zakAyuM tyAM tyAM temaNe vagara mAMge ane vagara yAda kaye jIvyA tyAM sudhI dAnagaMgA vahAvI ja che. pustaka mATe, davA iMjekazana mATe nAta jAtanA bhedabhAva vagara gusadAna jIvyA tyAM sudhI karyA karyuM che temanA jIvanamAM sneha audArya ane premI nItarata amIrAIthI ja saunI sAthe haLatA maLatA ane eka rasa thaI jatAM. emane mana bhautika mUlyanI kaI kiMmata nahotI sAcuM mUlya mAnavatAnuM hatuM. temanA jIvana udyAnamAM sarvatra AMbA ja vAvyA che. pupe ja ugADayA hatA. jIvanabhara saunA upara sneha varasAvyuM ane jhera te temaNe ja pacAvyA. vaDhavANanI sarI jatI saMskRtinuM eka jIvaMta pratika samA hatA ane samagra mAnava jAtanuM gaurava samA hatA. zrI cunilAla bI. mahetA janasamudAyamAMthI meLavelI mArI pAsenI mUDI upara mAtra mAro ja nahIM paraMtu mArA deza bAMdhavone paNa adhi. kAra che ane dezane AbAda banAvavA mATenA vikAsa kAryomAM Arthika madada karavAne mAro dharma che, tema samajI dAna ApavA vALA kuMDalA tAlukAnA pIThavaDI gAmanA vatanI dAnavIra zeThazrI cunilAla bhagavAnadAsa mahetAnuM nAma saurASTranA nAmAMkita dAnavIramAM sadA aMkita raheze. sAdA ane saraLa svabhAvanA aprasiddhine cAhavAvALA zeTha zrI cunibhAI e pUrvAvasthAmAM Arthika muzkelI duHkha ane aneka viTaMbaNAne sAmane karatAM lekhaMDanA vyApAra udyogamAM pragati sAdhatA gayA che. vepArI sAhasikatA, nitImaya pramANika jIvana sAdA ane saraLa vicAro tathA dalItavI pratye haMmezA sahAnubhUti ane sevA sahakAra ApavAvALA A dAnavIre gujarAtanI aneka saMsthAo, vikAsanA kAryo tathA leko upayegI kSetramAM chuTA hAthe dAna ApI yazasvI kArya kIti prApta karI che, potAnA vatana pIDavaDI gAme zrI. cu. bha. mahetA prA. zA. tathA mukatAbena cu. mahetA bAlamaMdira tathA pitAnA pitAzrInA smaraNArthe bhagavAnadAsa na. mahetA davAkhAnuM tathA ke. ke. hospITala oparezana thIyeTara tathA kapALa DigamAM sAre phaLa Ape che. A sivAya jesaramAM cu. bha. mahetA dharmazALA tathA chAparI gAme zALAnuM makAna tathA ke. ke. hAiskulamAM sAro phALo Apyo che. A sivAya aneka gAmamAM tathA zaheramAM anekavidha kSetramAM dAne ApyA che. zrI jayaMtilAla amRtalAla zAha saurASTranA bATAdanA vatanI ane ghaNA samayathI dhaMdhAthe muMbaI AvIne vaselA zrI jayaMtilAla amRtalAla zAha svabaLe AgaLa AvI vyApAra ane samAja sevAne kSetre bhAre meTI yazakalagI prApta karI che. - sAhasa zauryuM ane purUSArthane jyAre saMgama thAya che tyAre riddhi siddhi svaye AvIne vare che. AvI sidhdhimAM rAcatA mAnavIne je sevAdharmane vAra maLyA hoya te tevA mAnavInuM jIvana dhanya bane che emAMthI ja kartavyAM bhimukha evA mAMgalika dharmanI jyota pragaTe che te sArAe kuTuMba ane jJAti samAjane kalyANane mArge dorI ajavALI jAya che. zrI jayaMtilAlabhAI zAhanuM purUSArtha jIvana AvI jayetane khyAla ApI jAya che meTrIka sudhI ja abhyAsa paNa svayaM zakitathI ukela zodhavAnI temanI dIrdhadRSTi aMta utsAha ane zradhdhAne baLe asAdhAraNa unnatine varyA che zarUAtamAM traNeka mAsa TImbara maracanTasamAM ane tyArapachI lekhaMDa bajAramAM cheTAlAla kezavajInI ku mAM traNeka varSa kAma karyuM A samaya daramyAna AvaData ane anubhava maLyA ane 194panA sapTembaramAM svataMtra dhaMdhAnA zrI gaNeza mAMDyA jemAM Aja sudhI ekadhArI pragati thatI rahI che je peDhIonuM te saphaLa saMcAlana karI rahyA che te A pramANe che zrI jayaMtilAla caMdulAlanI kAM. kezavalAla AdavajI mahetA Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya aritA bhAga-2 mehanalAla maNIlAla desAI brAITa sTIla eleIjha kepa. sAphaTa ejI kerporezana abdaalI enDa ku je. je. enDa sansa esa. pI. je. ejInIyarIMga korporezana phrenDajha ejI keperezana inTaranezanala spIMga InDasTrIjha vagere. dhaMdhAthe vizvanA ghaNuM dezanuM paribhramaNa karyuM che ane gaNarIbAja anubhava ane kuzaLatAthI dhaMdhAmAM jema nAmanA meLavI chevidarbha Ayarna sTIla enDa inDasTrIjha samAja sevAnA kSetre paNa dharmaniSTha dAna premI hoya rahyA che ane keLavaNI priya yuvAna AgevAna tarIke kiMmatI sevA ApI zikSaNane vikAsa ane dharma saMskAranI pravRttio jarUrI che eTale pite ane temanA dharma patnI zrImatI lIlAvaMtI bahena samAja sevAnA zubha kAryomAM preraNA sAthe sahakAra ApI rahyA che je prazaMsaniya ane anukaraNIya che zrI vardhamAna sthAnika jaina saMgha-vidyAbhAratI boTAda kaleja jaina ejyukezana sosAyaTI jhAlAvADI sabhA beTAda sthAnika jena chAtrAlaya boTAda prajA maMDaLa mATuMgA jaina upAzraya bombe Ayarna enDa sTIla maracanTa esosIezana reTarI lAyansa pravRtti vagere aneka saMsthA mAM pramukha-maMtrI ke TrasTI tarIke temanI sevAo jANItI che evaresTa rephrIjeTaranA DIrekaTara tarIkenI sakriya kAmagIrI beTAdanA TIna menyuphekacarIMganA sAhasamAM paNa temane mahatvano hisso jUdI jUdI saMsthAo maMDaLane prasaMgopAta nAnI moTI rakamanI deNavI karIne kuLa ane kuTuMbane dhanya banAvyuM che. zrI jagamohanadAsa mAdhavajIbhAI saMghavI kaccha kAThiyAvADanI dhanya bhUmie je keTalAka dharmazradhdhALa mahAnubhAvo ane dAnavIra navaratnonI samAjane bheTa dharI che evA nAmAMkIta kuTuMbamAM jagahanadAsa saMghavInA kuTuMba audyogika ane zaikSaNika kSetre eka anokhI bhAta pADI daI saurASTranA bhAtIgaLa ItihAsamAM navuM teja pUryuM che. mAMDyuM. 1965 sudhImAM raMganI ghaNIkharI AITamo AvarI ladhI bhaviSyamAM vadhu rIsarca ane mazInarI saMbaMdhe prayatno zarU che. dhArmika ane paramArthika saMskAra vArasa paNa A kuTuMbane maLe che. kolejanuM ucca zikSaNa nahi lIdhA chatA khUbaja jJAnI ane anubhavI che. dhaMdhAnA saMcAlanamAM zrI navalabhAI, nalInabhAI vagere sAthe rahIne ujajavaLa pagadaMDI pADI rahyAM che ochu bolavuM chatAM amRtabharI vANI, cheDA zabdomAM ghaNuM kahevuM e emano guNa che. kaI paNa samAjanI AbAdI pUrI keLavaNI vagara zakaya nathI tema teo mAne che tethI ja bhAvanagaramAM saradAranagaramAM hAIskUla bAMdhavA mATe bhAvanagara keLavaNI maMDaLa mAraphata saMghavI mAdhavajI ravajIne nAme rUA. 51000 -nI udAra sakhAvatanI jAherAta karI muMbaImAM cAlatI nAnI moTI aneka saMsthA ne Arthika huMpha ApatA rahyAM che. sAhiMtyika pravRttiene paNa mokaLe mane madada karI che. temanuM AkhuM kuTuMba khUbaja saMskArI ane keLavAyeluM che. zrI jagajIvana bhagavAnadAsa zAha 76 varSanI uMmaranA zrI jagajIvanabhAIne janma surendranagara jillAnA rAmaparA gAme thayo. jIvananA aneka tANAvANAmAMthI pasAra thaIne bhAre moTI siddhi hAMsala karI che. chelA trIsa varSathI cAne vyApAra zarU karyo. vepAra arthe kalakattA kocIna vagere sthaLoe avAra navAra jatAM e badhA bahoLA anubhavane laIne tathA kAmanI AvaDatane kAraNe sArAe saurASTramAM JB tarIke cAnA khyAtanAma ane mazahura vyApArI tarIke bahumAna pAmyAM. jaina bAla vidyArthI bhavana tathA anopacaMda goviMdajI TrasTanI kAryavAhImAM uMDe rasa lai rahyA che. bhAvanagaranA nUtana jaina upAzraya tathA sAMkaLIbena gIradhara upAzrayanA nirmANamAM temanuM Arthika pretsAhana temaja gAmanA taTA derAsarajInA ajItanAtha prabhu tathA dAdA sAheba hola tathA kRSNanagaranA raMgamaMDapanA bAMdhakAmamAM paNa sAro rasa lIdhe aMgata dekharekha UDIne AMkhe vaLage tevI che. bhAvanagaranI pAMjarApoLa saMsthAnA saMcAlanamAM ane tenA utkarSamAM uDe rasa laI rahyA che AvA kAryakartA. ene sAtha ane sahakAra saMsthAnI kAryavAhIne suvAsita banAve che. sametazikhara sahita moTA jaina tIrthone pravAsa karyo che. pAMceka varSa pahelA atrenA gujarAta rAjasthAnanA jaina tIrthonI yAtrA karI che. temanI saMskAra priyatA ane kAryazilatA bhAvI peDhIne mATe anudaniya ane AcaraNIya che. sAvarakuMDalA pAsenuM vAMzIyALI gAma temanuM mULa vatana-jIvanamAM kAMIka karI chuTavAnI khvAyeza dharAvatA A kuTuMbane vizALa kSetra joItuM hatuM. eTale 1941 thI bhAvanagaramAM AvI vasavATa karyo. jo ke Ama to chellA pacAsavarSathI A kuTuMba raMga rasAyaNane kSetre muMbaImAM jANItA banyA che. bhAvanagaramAM dhaMdhAnI keTalIka zakayatAo tapAsI tyAM paNa raMga udyoganI zarUAta karI ane temanA kAryadakSa putrae bhAvanagarane vahIvaTa saMbhALyA. zarUAtathI ja sArI evI pragati hAMsala thatI rahI tethI prerAIne te vakhate zrI manubhAI zAhe A kArakhAnAnI mulAkAta laI saMcAlakonI dIrghadRSTinI mukatakaMThe prazaMsA karI hatI. samaya jatA A kArakhAnAnuM vistaraNa karI navIna InDasTrIjha 1961 mAM bhAvanagaramAM koMgresa adhivezana vakhate sthApI ane navIna InDasTrIjhanuM kAma vizALa pAyA upara regyulara rIte cAlavA zrI jagajIvana goviMdajI gAMdhI pAlItANA pAse samaDhIyALAnA vatanI nAnI uMmaramAM mAtA pitA gujarI gayA, ekalavAyA jIvanathI bhAre meTo AMcaka anubhavya, ghara cheDIne khAlI gajave cAlI nIkaLyA. muMbaImAM paga mUko keI bAMdhI oLakhANa nahIM. mAtra Jain Education Interational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha hiMmata ane zraddhAe kaparA dADA pasAra karI derA baTanane dhaMdhe zarU karyo. sakhta parizrama ane mahenatathI kuTumbanuM bharaNa poSaNa karyuM. aneka taDakA chAMyA pachI paNa dhArmika mUlyane kadI na bhUlyA. jIvananA chellA zvAsa sudhI cauMvihAra cAlu rAkhyuM. kabUtaranI juvAra ane anya madada karavAnuM samAjasevAnuM vrata kayAreya cUkayA nahIM. pachI te Izvare yArI ApI. dhaMdhAmAM barakata vadhatI gaI. temanA parivAramAM temanA parmapatnI jekurabena tathA temanA suputra pAMca bhegIlAla, uttamacaMda, popaTalAla, praviNacaMdra ane sureSacaMdra ane sarva parivAra (21) ekavIza mANasanuM kuTuMba khUbaja sukhI che sAthe rahe che. AkhuMye kuTumba dharmapremI, samAja premI ane guptadAnamAM mAnanArUM che. atyAre traNa dhaMdhA cAle che. je. jI. gAMdhI (dorA baTananuM) gAMdhI bradharsa (kAMkarI glAsara) ane moDarna TesTAIla IjI. varkasa (mIla mazInarInuM kArakhAnuM) sau sAthe rahI AnaMda kilelathI rahe che. dharma ane samAja sevAnA kAmamAM jekurabenanI paNa hamezA preraNA maLatI rahI che. 63 varSanI uMmaranA jekurabena gAMdhIne tyAM sukhasaMpatti hovA chatAM pote sAtvikapaNe prabhupujA ane karmadharmamAM hamezA jAgRta rahenAra jaina jJAtinA eka saMskAra saMpanna gujarAtI sannArI che. 1966nA phAgaNa sudI 15 e emane janma divasa che. sAdu ane nirAmaya jIvana jIvI pitAnA vizALa kuTuMbane ajavALI ja rahyAM che. nAnapaNanA saMskArabaLe sevA pravRtti tarapha vizeSa vaLelA che. sAva saraLa svabhAvanA amibharyA haiye heta ThAlavatAne saune samabhAve jotAM jIvananI saurabha prasarAvI rahyAM che. muMbaI AvyA. zarUAtanA varSomAM nokarI karI. caDatI paDatInA tANAvANAmAMthI pasAra thayAM. sukha duHkhanA divasomAM temanuM ghaDatara thayuM ane vizALa anubhava prApta karyo Aja teo ekasaparTa-ImporTanuM kAma temaja bhArata bharanA Ayurvedika kArakhAnAone mAla saplAI karavAnuM kAma kare che. temAM temaNe sArI pragati karI che. Aje 62 varSanI uMmare paNa yuvAnane zaramAve te rIte kAma karI rahyA che. temanI A badhI pragatine yaza zrI amRtalAla bhurAbhAIne jAya che. bhAratanA lagabhaga ghaNA sthaLanuM paribhramaNa karyuM che. silena Ayurvedika konpharansamAM paNa jaI AvyA che. beo karIyANuM enDa kalara esosIezananA membara tarIke, sAyana mUrtipUjaka jaina saMghanA TrasTI tarIke sevA ApI rahyAM che. vaidyasabhAnA paNa sabhya che. dharma ane zIla sAthe teo mitAhArI ane niyamita rahyAM che. maMgalakArI aneka tIrthonI yAtrA karI nAnA meTA aneka phaMDaphALAmAM temanI dayALu manavRttinA darzana thayAM che. sAvarakuMDalA jaina vidyAthI gRhamAM temaNe sArI rakama ApI che putra-putrIonA bahoLA parivAra sAthe Aje teo sukhI jIvana vitAvI rahyAM che. zrI jugaladAsa rAmajIbhAI dozI taLAjAnA vatanI zrI jugaladAsabhAI junI peDhInA AgevAna vyakita hatA. taLAjAmAM mahAjane saMsthAnA agraNI tarIke temanuM bhAre meTuM vajana paDatuM. taLAjA zahera sudharAInA pramukhathI mAMDIne aneka jAhera saMsthAone temanI viziSTa zakitanI sevAo maLI che. abhyAsa che paNa vyavahAra dakSatA ane dhaMdhAnI kAbelIyata temanAmAM vizeSa pramANamAM jovA maLatI. nAnA meTA savAlamAM temanI sUjha ane dIrdhadaSTine laI sau koI temanI salAha levA AvatA. taLAjAnA sArvajanika vikAsakAmomAM temane phALo ghaNo rahyo che. temanA suputra zrI jazavaMta dozIe jAherasevAnA e vArasAne jALavI rAkhe che. zrI dezI keLavaNI viSayaka saMsthAomAM cembara opha komarsa, sahakArI saMsthAo, yunisipAlITI vagere saMsthAomAM agrasthAna bhegavatA AvyA che. chele taLAjAmAM khAMDanA kArakhAnAnA saMcAlanamAM mahatvanI javAbadArIo vahana karI hatI. jillA paMcAyatamAM bAMdhakAma kamiTinA ceramena tarIke paNa kAma karyuM. zrI ThAkarazI jasarAja dvArA zrI jasavaMtasiMha motisiMha rAva - brahmabhaTTa jJAtimAM vyApArI kSetre AgaLa vadhelA mahAzamAM zrI jasavaMtasiMhabhAInI paNa gaNanA thAya che. pATaNA (rAjapIpaLA sTeITa) emanuM mULa vatana paNa amadAvAda khAte ghaNA samayathI dhaMdhArthe vasyA che. 1958thI mIlajIna sTorsa vepAra kare che. ane temAM sArI evI pragati karI che. temanI sAthe temanA bhAIzrI caMpakalAla paNa joDAyelA che. bIjA zrI ratilAla mAnjha AphrIkAmAM mAjhA TekasaTAila milamAM ripha prinTara tarIke sevA bajAve che. jyAM temane pa200- zilIMga pagAra maLe che cothA zrI kanakasiMha vesTa relve godharAmAM pesenjara DrAivara che. pAMcamA zrI raNajItasiMha laMDana gayA che. chaThThI zrI naTavaralAla pitAnA vatana pATaNamAM khetI karAve che jasavaMtasiMhanA moTA putra zrI bipinacaMdra muMbaImAM evaresTa InDasTrIjhanA nAmathI pitAne dhaMdhe calAve che. muMbaI ophisa bere reDa, IlekaTrIka hAusa sAme kelAbAmAM che. zrI jAdavajI lallubhAI zAha pAlItANA pAse bhaMDArIyAnA vatanI ane mAtra cha gujarAtI sudhI ja abhyAsa lagabhaga pIstAlIsa varSa pahelA beTAdanA vatanI ane muMbainA agraNI udyogapati zrI ThAkarazIbhAine gohilavADa ane jhAlAvADane jaina samAja sArI rIte jANe che. UnanA mukhya ejanTa tarIke bhAratabharanA temaja paradezanA UnanA vepArIo temanI sevAzakti ane vyApAranA vikAsamAM temanA phALAthI vizeSa vAkepha che. nAnapaNumAM jaina vidyArthIgRhamAM svayaMsevaka tarIke sevA jIvananI Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 kArakIrdi zarU karI. baTAda prajA maMDaLa sAthe saMkaLAIne vata- nanA anekavidha kAmamAM AgaLa paDate bhAga lIdhe. boTAda sthAnakavAsI jainasaMghamAM rUA. 1pa00 nuM dAna ApyuM. mAtuzrInI smRtimAM trIsa hajAranuM dAna ApI kanyAzALAnuM makAna baMdhAvI ApyuM. boTAdamAM 2. vi gosaLiyA jaina chAtrAlayanA pramukha tarIke ane agAu jhAlAvADa sthA. jaina samAjamAM menejIMga kamiTimAM hatA; bATAdamAM upAzraya bAMghavA pitA zrI jasarAja nAraNabhAI verAne nAme rUA. 30,000/- ApyA, beTAda kalejamAM rUA 5000 ApyA, te rIte beTAda jaina bhejanAlayamAM ane nAnI moTI aneka saMsthAomAM yatkiMcita phALe ApI kuTuMbanA nAmane ujaLuM karyuM che. dharmapremI ane nirAbhImAnI zrI ThAkarazIbhAIe mana mUkIne dAnagaMgA vahAvI che. zrI jezaMkara trIkamajI dIkSitane AbhArI che temane paNa paropakArI svabhAva bIjAnA dukhe duHkhI thavAnI temanI bhAvanA ane sevA parAyaNatA upasI AvelA jaNAya che 1932 thI A peDhImAM sevA ApavI zarU karI te pahelA zikSaka tarIkenI suMdara kAmagIrI karelI khaMta mahenata ane pramANIkatAMthI eka dazakAmAMthI peDhIne sadhdhara pAyA upara mukI pote ajANyA pradezamAMthI ahIM AvelA paNa potAnA ramujI nikhAlasa ane mIlanasAra svabhAvathI saunI sAthe mitrAcArIthI pratiSThA jamAvatA gayA pitAnA vyavahArika kAmomAM paNa zeThane mUlyavAna phALe hoya ja. game te nirNaya le zeThane mAnya hoya ja. zrI tAheraalI ImAIlajIbhAI muMbaInI dArUkhAnA bajAramAM lokhaMDanA agraNI vyApArI tarIkenuM mAnabharyuM sthAna pAmanAra zrI tAherabhAI amarelI jIllAnA bagasarAnA vatanI che. ghaNA varSothI eTale ke 1937 thI pitAzrInA dhaMdhAmAM joDAyA muMbaI AvI sthira thayAM ane dhaMdhAne pitAnI kuzAgra buddhithI vikasAvyo. dhaMdhAdArI pravRttio sAthe sAmAjika sevAonI bhAvanA ane sevAkAryanI laganI chAnA nathI rahyAM. meghANI smAraka samiti (muMbaI) nI kAryavAhaka samitinA sabhya tarIke sArU evuM sthAna zobhAvyuM che. dArUkhAnu Ayarna maracanTasa esasIezana lI. nA DAyarekaTara tarIke olDa Ayarna maracanTa esesIezananA kAryavAhaka membara tarIke rahIne sArU evuM kAma karyuM che. temanA pitAzrI paNa dharmabhAvanAthI raMgAyelA ane sa yamI hatA. zrI tulasIbhAI kAnajIbhAI zeTha rAjulAnAM nagarazeTha kuTuMbanAM nabIrA tulasIdAsabhAI sAmAjika ane zaikSaNika pravRttio pratye kuTuMba paraMparAgata rasa dharAve che. zeTha kuTuMba taraphathI rAjulA gAmanI pANI puravaThA yejanA tathA khAdI grAmodyoga bhavana mATe temane tana mana ane dhanane phALe ullekhanIya che. muMbaI khAte varSo sudhI kapaLa jJAtinI menejIMga kamiTimAM tathA DIrekaTara tarIke kaLa ko opareTIva benka mATenI temanI sevAo jANItI che. teo hAlamAM paNa muMbainI aneka sAmAjika tathA zaikSaNika saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. zrI tulasIbhAI dhaMdhAmAM rAsAyaNika khAtaranA utpAdana kSetre paMkaja kemikalasa enDa phaTalAIjharanA nAmathI temaja anya rAsAyaNika (kemI kalsa)nA dhaMdhAmAM Ara. tulasIdAsa enDa kAM.nA nAmathI vikhyAta peDhInuM saMcAlana kare che temaja rAjulA khAte lAkaDAnA tathA khAtaranA bahoLA vepAra dhaMdhAnuM Ayojana kare che. teo svabhAve zAMta saumya ane mIlanasAra prakRttinAM hovAthI sAruM evuM mitra vartuLa dharAve che. zrI dAmodaradAsa rAmajIbhAI dAvaDA zrI tribhovanadAsa monadAsa bhutA rAjulAnA vatanI ane dhaMdhArthe ghaNA varSothI muMbaI pUnA tarapha vasavATa karI rahyA hatA. nAnI vayamAM vyApArI kSetrane bahoLo anubhava ane dIrghadRSTine laI dhaMdhAmAM AgaLa AvyA ane satkRtyamAM saMpattino upayoga karatA rahyAM. ghelA somanAtha maMdiramAM temane kALo ananya che. lAparanA zaMkaranA maMdiramAM rAjulAnI nAnI-moTI badhI ja sArvajanika saMsthAomAM tulasIzyAma ane anya dhArmika jagyAomAM temaNe dAnane pravAha avirata cAlu rAkhyuM. zeTha zrI trivanadAsabhAIne tA. 19-10-73 nA roja acAnaka svarga vAsa thayo ane sukRtyanI suvAsa mUkatA gayA rAjulAnI pAMjarApoLa pravRttimAM ane keLavaNInI saMsthAomAM paNa sArI sakhAvata karI che. bhAvanagaramAM dhaMdhAkIya kSetre bI. TI zAha enDa ku nA nAmanI peDhI cAle che je peDhInuM saphaLa saMcAlana udyogapatizrI dAmodarabhAIne janma saMvata 1960nA zrAvaNavada trIjanA roja dvArakA khAte thayuM hatuM. dvArakA khAteja gujarAtI sAta dhoraNa sudhI abhyAsa karI teozrI temanA pitAzrI sAthe anAja - kariyANAnAM vyavasAyamAM joDAyA. tyAre temanI vaya mAtra paMdara varSanI hatI. A uparAMta temanA anya vyavasAyamAM vahANavaTAnuM kAmakAja paNa hatuM. sadhiyA kaMpanInA vahANonA mAla khAlI karavAne temaja bharavAne temanI pAse konTrAkaTa hato ja. e. sI. sI. sImenTa kaMpanIne mAla lAvavA laI javAnuM TrAnsaporTanuM kAmakAja te teo chellA 40 varSathI saMbhALe che. pAMDava samAM sarakhA pAMca bhAIoe pitAzrInA kAmakAjane saghaLe bhAra suvyavasthita rIte mAtra upADI lIdheja nahi paraMtu teno vikAsa karyo ane vistAra paNa vadhAryo zrI tulasIdAsabhAIe Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha gra tha dvArakAnI ephIsanuM kAmakAja saMbhALI letA zrI dAmeAdaradAsabhAI muMbaI AvyA ane poTarI udyogamAM jhaMpalAvyu. Aje A navabhArata poTarI prA. vi. bhAratanI phekaTarIomAM bA nakharanuM sthAna dharAve che. sAmAnya evA se| kAmadArothI zarU thayelI A phekaTarI Aje zivarInI vizALa jagyAmAM peAtAnI mAlikInA makAnamAM adyatana mazInarI sAthe 350 kAmadAro sAthe kArya karI rahI che. hAlamAM temanA vaDila putra zrI nAraNadAsabhAI phekaTarInuM kAmakAja sabhALe che. vepAra vANijya kSetre vyasta zrI dAmeAdaradAsabhAi jJAti sevA pratye udAsa nathI rahyA. dvArakA khAte kanyA chAtrAlaya ane meDiMganI thapanAmAM tana mana ane dhanathI phALA ApyA che. jJAtinI jUdI jUdI sarathAomAM jUdI jUdI jagyAe dAnanuM jharaNu vahAvyu che. temanA suputra zrI nAraNadAsabhAI nAgaDAnu paNa evu ja mahatvAkAMkSI vana che. abhyAsakALa daramyAna rASTrIya ra Mge raMgAyelA leAhANA yuvaka maMDaLa sthApI garIbenI sArI evI sevA karI. dhaMdhAnA anubhava mATe tekhAthI jApAna paNa jaIne sArA anubhava meLavI AvyA. navabhArata peTarIjhanu saphaLa saMcAlana karI rahyA che. dhaMdhAnA vikAsa arthe temaNe ghaNA dezono pravAsa karyAM che. Ala InDIyA pATarIjha menyuphekacarsa esAsIezananA pramukha tarIke pazu temanI sevA jANItA che. zrI. dAmAdarabhAI vAlajIbhAI pAdItaNA taraphanA vatanI che. gAMdhIjInI caLavaLa vakhate koleja cheADI ane kareMge yA mareMge ' mAM bhAga lIdhA. samaya jatAM pitAzrI joDa muMbaimAM peAtAnI phlAra sIlamAM vakhato vakhata javAthI kAma karavAnI judI judI mazInarInuM jJAna saMpAdana karyuM. pyAra caNAnI dALamAMthI kalAke suthI daza guNI ha~ttama prakAranuM bezana banAvavA mATenI adyatana mazInarI banAvanAra tarIke mu MbaimAM jANItA thayA. enjInIyarIMga menyuphekcarIMga eka pAigarsa enDa elAIDa mazInarInA agraNI vyApArI che. jesara hAIskUlamAM A kuTuMbanuM sArU evu' dAna aMkita thayeluM che. zrI dAmAdabhAIe koLIyAkanA madiranA kAmamAM sArI evI rakamana dAna karyu che nAnA-moTA ghaNA phaMDaphALAgAmAM temanI deNugI hAya ja che. zrI talakamaMda dAme dadAsa muMbaimAM huMbanA dhaMdhAmAM svayaM baLe bhAgaLa vadhanAra ane saunI sAthe karIne nAnA moTA kaDakALAomAM potAnI sevAtinA bhoga ApanAra zrI talakAI pAlItANA gheTI gAmanA vatanI che. abhyAsa bahu lAge nahI. paNa ajaba nizcayazakti ane lokonA duHkho potAnA karI. tenu nivAraNa karavA athAga parizrama karanAra le|kahitanA kAmeAmAM 981 keLavaNInA praznaneAmAM dhArmika pravRttiemAM sadA tatpara rahenAra zrI talakacaMdabhAI mahAnamAM mAnanArA che. jaina samAjamAM teonI eka zuka sevaka tarIkenI suMdara chApa che. saMskAra saghana banI khAsa karIne vidyA ane keLavaNInA kSetre sAre evA rasa lye che. je kharekhara anumeAdanIya che. mAnava kanyA ane sAmAjIka rovAnA kuSTa kAryo karatA rahI samajane temanI sevAo aniza maLatI raDu tevI prAthanA che. muMbaInI harakIsana hospITalamAM Do. sAMgANI sA. ne sAme cAlI vApIne za. daza hajAranuM dAna karyuM. vAvArI vAkhAnAmAM pAkInArA jaina sevA samAja davAkhAnAmAM ane taLAjAmAM temanuM sArU evuM dAna apAyuM che. paradeza janArA garIba vidyAthIbAne kolarazIpa ane anya mA~ temanA nathI maLatI rahe che. vatana gheTI gAmamAM nAnI evI dhama zALAmAM sArU evuM dAna Apyu che. dhArmika ane keLavaNI viSayaka pravRttiomAM temanuM sArU evuM dAna heAya ja. ghoghArI samAjamAM jUnA keTalAka rivAjone tIlAMjalI ApathAmAM temanI zittanA kALA ghaNA che. vidhavA banAne rAhata garIba kuTuMbone anAja kapaDAM nAnA moTA pagA e muMbaimAMthI moTI rakama ekakI karavAmAM eka kamiTinA sabhya tarIke temanI muka sevA dAdamAMgI lye che. zrI talakacaMda jagajIvanadAsa pArekha potAnA mosALa moTA khuMTavaDAnI chAyAmAM ucharelA zrI talakacaMda jagajIvanadAsa pArekha mULa rahIza eraDAnA che. abhyAsa bA... paNa kAma karavAnI dhagaza ane mahenata kAnI tapatA mUDI hatI eTale zrI talakAbAIe kilayarIMga ejanTanA vyavasAyano prAraMbha karyA. pramANika nIti ane kArya niSThAthI grAhakonA vizcAsa jItavAmAM saphaLatA meLavanAra thI. naca bAIe pAnAnA vyavasAyane sArI rIte vikasAvI sudaDha karavA sAthe vyApAra vistAranA hetuthI lAkhano vepAra paNa zarU karyAM ane saphaLatA prApta karI. dhanane abhAve pAne anubhavelI muzkelIne huM maizA smaraNamAM rAkhIne zrI talakacabhAIe vyApAramAM prApta ela dhanane mokaLuM mane vahevA dIdhu che. mahuvA bALAzramanA sahAyaka pena banavA uparAMta pAdItANA, taLAjA, amarelInAM sukuLa tathA anya zikSaNa sthAsthAne temaNe vividha prakAra sahAya karI che. dhaniSTa patnInI preraNAthI sAyana herAsaranI pratiSThAmAM zrI talakaca'dabhAIe cAlIsa hebara rUpiyAnI rakama ApI che meAsALanA vaDalA pIpaLAne yAda rAkhI meATA khuMTavaDAmAM prasutigRhanI anivArya AvazyakatA pUrI paDIne ane tenA bhavana sAthe saddagata mAtA jhamakubAnuM nAma soMkalita karIne zrI talakacaMdabhAIe mosALanuM RNa adA karyuM che. zrI talakacaMdabhAInA putro zrI navanItalAla tathA zrI subhASa caMdra pitAe zarU karelA byApArane vikasAvI rahyA che ane

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 tene kAryabhAra saMbhALI laI temaNe zrI talakacaMdabhAIne kAryanivRtta ApI che. zrI dalIcaMda lakSamIchaMda koThArI emanA dhArmika ane sAmAjika jIvane mAtra dhaMdhAnI pragatithI saMtoSa na thayuM. kANakiyA parivAranI pragati mATe kANakiyA utkarSa maMDaLanI sthApanAmAM AgevAnI bharyo bhAga bhajavyo eTaluM ja nahI, varSothI enA maMtrI pade rahI sevA ApI rahyA che. kANakiyA kuLanI kIrtigAthA gAtA "kANakiyA kula kaumudI nAmanA graMthanI prasiddhinuM zreya emane ja ApIe teya atizayekita nahIM gaNAya. cAvaMDa gAmanI emaNe bahuvidha sevA karI che. muMbaImAM beThAM beThAM paNa tyAMnI pravRttiomAM sakriya rasa le che. tyAM rAmamaMdiramAM ThAkorajInA corAnA jIrNoddhAramAM cAvaMDa mAtAjInI niyamita denika pUjAmAM temaja e mAtAjInA maMdiranA jIrNoddhAramAM temaja davAkhAnuM sthApavAmAM ane cAvaMDa lAThI mArga para kAyamI paraba cAlu karAvavAmAM emane bahu moTo phALo che. dhArmika kSetre teo mAtAjInA parama bhakata che. eTaluM ja nahIM, emaNe bhAratanI lagabhaga pUrI dharma yAtrA karI che. tIrtha dhAmenI sAthe sAthe havA khAvAnA sthaLone soMdaryadhAmo paNa nihALyAM che. jaina ratna zrI dalIcaMdabhAI koThArI surendranagara jillAnA sApakaDA gAmanA vatanI che nAnI vayamAM kauTumbIka javAbadArIo AvI paDatAM Arthika muMjhavaNane lai dezATana karavAnI hiMmata karI umeda ane dauryatAthI jIvananI zarUAta karI aneka tANu vANAmAMthI pasAra thatAM dhaMdhAmAM mana parovyuM cANakya buddhi khaMtathI kAma karavAnI AvaData vagerethI dhaMdha mAM temaNe lAkha rUpiyA meLavyA ane artha sidhdhi saMpAdana karI garIbAImAMthI zrImaMta thayA pachI temanuM jJAti abhImAna savizeSa jAgRta thatuM gayuM jJAtinA bALako taraphanA AsIna premane laI keLavaNInA kAmane uttejana Ape che kaparA divasamAM nIja kartavyathI AgaLa vadhI AvanAra gujarAtI jUna ratnamAM zrI dalIcaMdabhAInuM paNa mokharAnuM sthAna che temanA jIvanamAMthI ghaNuM zIkhavAnuM che temanuM cAritrya dharma bhAvanA sAhasa vagere anukaraNIya che. jaina samAjamAM temanI kIrti prabhAvanA jhaLahaLI rahI che temanI saphaLatAne keTalAka yaza cImanalAla jAdavajIne phALe jate hovAnuM mAne che. muMbaImAM derAsara kamiTimAM dArUkhAnA vyApArI maMDaLamAM ane bIjI aneka saMsthAomAM AgaLa paDate rasa le che. temaNe hamaNAM ja rUA. 5000/-naDIyAdanA jaina upAzrayamAM arpaNa karyA che. bhaviSyamAM vatana tarapha audyogika dizAmAM pagaraNa mAMDavA zarU karela che. temanI dhaMdhAkIya kArakIrdinA ujaLA itihAsane pAye temanA umadA svabhAve upara racAya che ane sadAe kartavya parAyaNa rahyAM che. atyAre paNa vRddhAvasthAe pahoMcavA chatAM teo je kArya hAthamAM le te vagara ALase pUrU pADe che. AvA dharma-karmavIra nisvArtha sevAonI saravANIo haradama hara sthaLe vahetI rahe tevI zubhakAmanAo vAMcchIe chIe. vyavasAyika kSetre paNa nirdiSTa sAmAjika kSetranI jema AthIe vadhAre javalaMta kArakIrdi saMpAdana kare evI zubhecchA pAThavatA ane temanI sAmAjika sevAoe biradAvatA AnaMda anubhavIe chIe. zrI drArakAdAsa dhanajIbhAI kANakiyA zrI dArakAdAsa viThaladAsa zAha gujarAta rAjyanA mAjI pradhAna zrI ratubhAI adANI ane zrI paramANaMda ojhAnI preraNA ane huMphane kAraNe je kuTuMbanuM sthAna ane mAna unAnA jAhera jIvanamAM AgaLa rahyuM che te zrI dvArakAdAsabhAI zAha mAMgaroLa taraphanA zIla gAmanA vatanI paNa ghaNA varSothI unA tarapha AvIne vasyA che. nAnapaNamAM aMgrejInuM jarUra pUratuM jJAna saMpAdana karI bahu ja nAnI vayamAM jInIMga mIlanA dhaMdhAmAM jhaMpalAvyuM garIba dardIone davA-IjekazananI sagavaDatA ke sevA uparAMta ( unA keLavaNI maMDaLamAM sevA ApatA rahyA che. ) unAnI TI. bI hospITala vaiSNava havelI tulasIzyAma ane anya nAnA moTA prasaMgoe temanA taraphathI dAnamAM nAnI meTI rakama maLatI rahI che. unAnI kAMgresa kamiTi unA sugara phekaTarI tulasIzyAma vikAsa sArvajanika chAtrAlaya vagere saMsthAone paNa temanI sevA zakitane ananya lAbha maLe che ane maLato rahyo che ghaNuM mahAnubhAnA paricayamAM AvyA che pitAnI haiyA ukalata ane svabaLe dhaMdhAmAM paNa ThIka pragati sAdhI che. temanA bhAIzrI chabIladAsabhAI paNa evAja nikhAlasa kAryakuzaLa ane dIrdha dRSTivALA dilera AdamI che unA khetI utpanna bajAra samitinA ceramena pade rahIne temaNe paNa kheDUto ane vepArIomAM sArI suvAsa ubhI karI che nAnA moTA sArA prasaMgoe unAnA vikAsamAM mahAjananI sAthe rahIne A kuTuMba saunuM Adara ya banyuM che. mAtA pitA hayAta che bahoLA parivAra che. sukhI che rAjya ane prajAmAM temanuM sAruM evuM mAne che. zrI. dvArakAdAsabhAI e kanakAImAM zaibhava ubhuM karavA pAchaLa emaNe potAnuM ghaNuM khAyuM che. A kArya pAchaLa emaNe karelA tyAga ane bheganuM zabdothI mUlyAMkana karavuM zakaya nathI. cAvaMDa gAme jamelA zrI dvArakAdAsabhAI e kolejanuM prathama varSa pAsa karI DAMka varSo nokarI karI svataMtra dhaMdhAmAM praveza karyo. -0 Jain Education Intenational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha zrI dulerAya ratilAla mahetA jJAti vamala sakhAvatI ane vidyApremI gaNAtA zrI dulerAyabhAI mahetA saurASTranA vatanI che. calALAnA sarakAra dhamI kapALa kuTuMbamAM 1920 nA 4 thI navembaranA rAja temano janma thayo. meTrIka sudhIno abhyAsa karI nAnI uMma ramAM ja dhaMdhAmAM paiDAyAM. pU. zrI narottamadAsa hirabhAI pArekhanI Tu preraNA ane mArgadarzana maLyA dhaMdhAnI AI ramAmAM mukhyatve ilekaTrIkalAyara anemanDa bAyarsa kaoNpara sTrIpsa eDajha vageremAM noMdhapAtra pragati sAdhI. jeTalA nikhAlasa eTalA ja mitabhASI zrI dulerAyabhA jJAtiu kayAreya visaryA nathI kapALa samAjanA urSamAM temanA yazasvI phALo rahyo che. vyApAranI sAthe sAthe keLavaNI-zikSaNa ane dharma taraphanI mAhyA ane abhIrUcI vadhatA jatAM hatAM. jene lai mAje temA mubaI nAradeva vibhAgamAM monTesarIthI mAdhyamika zALA zikSaNu saMsthAonA saphaLa saMcAlanamAM sekreTarI ane sakriya kArya kara tarIke aNItA banyA che. kapALa ejyukezana TrasTanA TrasTI tarIke kapALa ko opareTIva benkanA DAyarekTara tarIke ane bIjI ghaNI sasthA sAthe saMkaLA yelA che. vyApArI samAjamAM temano mAna mane pahelethI hatA ane che. AvA sevAbhAvI khaMtIlA ane aDaga manAbaLa dharAvatA zrI dulerAyabhAine kuTu aneA saMskAra vArasA maLelA che. eTale vyApAranI gauravaprada kAra sAthe jJAti ane janakalyANanI bhAvanAthI aneka jagyAe dAnanA jharA vahAvyA che. vatana calALAmAM hAiskUlanA nirmANa kAmamAM rUA. 40000 nI udAra sakhAvata mATe nimitta banyA. saMpatti ane sAhityanA zrI ane sarasvatInA zrImaMta ane sevAnA sumeLa sahaja sAdhya nathI chatAM e kathanane zrI dulerAyabhAie khATu pADayuM' che. zAstrIya saMgIta, saMskRta sAhitya ane tatvajJAnanA vAMcana manana pAchaLa ghaNo samaya vitAve che. yuropa ane madhyanA dezanA traNeka vakhata pravAha karyo che. temanAmAM saphaLatA ane samRddhinAM keTalAMka preraka guNAne laI kuLa ane kuTubamAM temaNe Agavu sthAna prApta karyuM che. zrI devazaMkara gabharUbhAi ojhA zrI devA karabhAI gulalA kuAM. nA bhAgIdAra che. ane suratanA kAra mAlanAM kamIzana ejata che. vyavasthAmAMthI ju samaya phAjala pADI janatA janArdananI sevA karavAnI taka pI le che. Ama te teo kAlejamAM hatA sAthI sAmA jika pravRttimAM rasa letA hatA. paNa ghaNA samayathI pregresamAM paNa nAnI rUpa sevA ApI rahyA che. teo svabhAve saraLa ane mitro pratyenI emanI mamatA kharekhara prAisanIya che ghaNA samaya thayA mATuMgAmAM janatAnI sevA sevA karatA hovAthI mahArASTra sarakAra emanI kadara karI teozrIne je. 983 pI. no ikAma ApyA che. te kharekhara emane yAgya che. emanA pitAzrI zrI gabharUbhAI bahu ja jANItA sAmAjika kArya karyAM che ane ghaNAM varSoM je. pI tarIke hatA. pitAzrInI tAlIma pAmela zrI devazakabhAI pAtAnI pIchANu kArya dvArA karI bhAgaLa Avela che te ApaNA badhA gaurava levA jevuM che koipaNa mANasanA paricayamAM AvatA AnaMda upa evA emanA bhIlanasAra svabhAva. pArakAne potAnA karI levAnI emanI gajhabanI AvaData ane emanI namratA vizeSa hAvAthI Aje emanA sahavAsamAM AvatA aneko priya thaI paDayA che ochu bAjhI vadhare kAma karavAnI ane kAma levAnI vizeSa kaLA che. vecyAzrI aneka saMsthAstromAM saparkamAM che ane sevA ApI rahyA che. unevALa sevaka maLa sArvajanika hAIskulayAlI sabhA vaDAlAnA silka mArkeTa maracanTa eseAsIezananA sabhya che. gujarAta rela rAhata samiti ( mATuMgA )nA khajAnacI che. ane koMgresanA sakriya kAryakara tarIke kAma karI rahyAM che uparAMta mATuMgA gujarAtI sevA maMDaLa vIradAdA jasarAja smAraka samiti jI. vaDa jillA koMgresa seTarI vigere sasthAo sAthe sakaLAyelA che. zrI dhIrajalAla sI. dAsI teozrIe 1942nI rASTriya caLavaLamAM agatyanA bhAga lIdhA hatA te samayanA saurASTranA dezI rAjyenI laDatamAM temaNe AgaLa paDatA bhAga bhajavelA javAbadAra rAjya taMtranI laData samaye bhAvanagara rAjya prajAmaMDaLanA maMtrI temaja kAThIyAvADa prajA pariSada guMbaInI samitinA sabhyapade rahIne je kAmagIrI teozrIe bajAyelI te Aje paNa saune vidita che. zrI khATAda prajA-maMDaLa-muMbainu nAma gujarAtI AlamamAM jANItu che. A saMsthAnI sthApanA i.sa 1948 mAM thaI zrI pIrUbhAI A saMsthAnA sthApaka mATenA eka agatyanI vyakti hatA. tyArathI saMsthAnI ajoDa sevA ApI rahyA che. mATuMgAnI eTAda tAlukAnI vividha keLavaNI ane sahakArI pravRttio sAthe teo gADha rIte saMkaLAyela che. rAta ane samAja sevA e temanuM vana dhyeya banI raphatA gujarAta phalaDa rIlIph kamiTi mATuMgAnA temA jAnacI hatA. jhAlAvADa zozyala grupa sAthe te sakaLAkhelA che. zuddha khAdIdhArI pramANika ane sattana ekanisDa kyubana zeSA matadhArI zrI dhIrUbhAi dozI kartavya parAyaNatAe-mahArASTra sarakAranI je. pI. nI padavI be varSa pahelA meLavavAmAM cAvI bhAga bhajavyeA che. sva. zrI navanIdharAya harajIvanadAsa mahetA sva. nabanIdharAbhAIno janma umarALAmAM thayA. nAnI uMmare pitAnuM' chatra mAnyuM. mAmAnA vyavasAya baiThaka ane

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 A giranAranA maghasa paNa lAbha temaNe kAna kariyANAno hoI cAra aMgrejI sudhInA vidyAbhyAsa karI zaidaka ane vanaspatinuM pratyakSa jJAna saMpAdana karavAne purUSArtha Adaryo. saMskRta sAhityamAM zaidakanuM jJAna anokhuM hovAne kAraNe jJAna pipAsu jIve saMskRta bhASAne abhyAsa juvAnasiMhajI jazavaMtasiMhajI pAThazALAmAM zarU karyo. ane tyArabAda sva. vaidarAja zrI bhadrIzaMkara rAmazaMkara rAmazaMkara bhaTTa pAse Ayurvedika gre zenuM jJAna saMpAdana karyuM. saMvata 1974nI sAlamAM potAnA nAnAbhAI zAMtilAla harajIvanadAsane sAthe rAkhI svataMtra dhaMdho zarU karyo. ane dhIme dhIme emAM pragati karatA rahyAM cheDAja samayamAM bALakanA dardonA niSNAta tarIkenI kIrti saMpAdana karI ane bALakonA dardI mATenI AjapaNa prakhyAtInI Toca para bIrAjatI kAThiyAvADI bAlAmRta saMgaThInuM nirmANa karyuM. vaidakIya dhaMdhA uparAMta vanaspati mATenuM paNa sArUM saMzodhana karyuM. emanuM vanaspati zAstranuM jJAna agAdha hatuM jyAre jyAre keI saMdigdha vanaspati mATe keIne zaMkA thatI temAM vaidakIya dhaMdhAvALA bhAIone teo sArU mArgadarzana ApI temanI zaMkAnuM sAcI rIte samAdhAna karI batAvatA. AvA anupama jJAnano lAbha temaNe bhAvanagaranI jIvaNadAsa prabhudAsa pAThazALAnA vidyArthIone junAgaDha-giranAranA vanaspatinA darzanathI karAvI ApyuM hatuM. Aja rIte vaidakIya cikitsAne temaja nidAnane lAbha bhAvanagara tathA AjubAjunA gAmomAM sArI prazaMsA meLavI rasa rasAyaNa bhamenI banAvaTa vigere vidyAmAM paNa temaNe sArI evI nipuNatA meLavI hatI. emanA vyavasAya bAda e vyavasAya temanA suputra zrI nAraNadAse saMbhALI lIdhe. temAM temaNe paNa sArI pragati karI., pratiSThA saMpAdana karI AjubAjunA vistAramAM temanI pherama prasare e pahelA ja e kula 38 varSanI kumaLI vaye ja karamAI gayuM Aje paNa e mAnavInI pratiSTA lAkamAM evI jAmelI che ke e peDhInuM saphaLa saMcAlana temanA suputra zrI kRSNalAla dvArA pragatikAraka rahyuM che. vaDilonA puruSArthanA baLe ubhI thayelI e javalaMta kArakIdine bhAI kalAla tana -- mana visare mUkI pUrI mahenatathI jALavI rahyAM che. vyavahArika bhAMjagaDamAM emane bahu rasa nathI. duniyAdArInA anya pravAhomAM DokIyuM karavAne paNa prayAsa karyA vagara eka citte eka dhunathI dhaMdhAnI vikAsa maMjalamAM pitAnI zakitane bhAi kRSNalAle vaNI lIdhI che. saMdharSo ane tANAvANA vacce paNa vaDile. pArjita milkata zekha ke dhaMdhAne AbAda rIte TakAvI rAkhe emAM ja AjanA yuganI viziSTatA che. mAtA zrI lIlAvatI bahenanI sUcanA mujaba bhAI kRSNalAla pUrI dilacapIthI vaidakIya sevA ApI rahyAM che. zrI nAnacaMda tArAcaMda zAha jaina zAsana pratyenI avicala zraddhA devadarzana pUjA ane dAnadhamane parama upAsaka audyogika saMsthAonA adhiSThAtA ane sAmAjika pravRttionA prANa samA zrI nAnacaMdabhAIne bhAvanagaranA eka saMskArI parivAramAM janma thaye ghaNA varSothI dhaMdhArthe muMbaI vasavATa kare che. muMbaimAM bhAta bajAramAM saubhAgyacaMda ku. nuM saphaLa saMcAlana karI rahyA che. eTaluM ja nahI paNa jaina bALakamAM dhArmika zikSaNa dvArA dharmazraddhAnA ane dhArmika AcAya vicAranI pravRtti. ene vyavasthita rIte calAvavAmAM dhArmika saMsthAone yathAzakita Arthika madada karatA rahyAM che. lakamIne bahujana samA janA hita mATe sadupayoga karavAnI maMgaLa manokAmanA karatA zrI nAnacaMdabhAI aneka saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. ola iDiyA cembara opha komarsanA sabhya tarIke saubhAgyacaMda enDa ku. nA pArTanara tarIke kehinura keTala phuTa InDasTrIjhanA DAyarekaTara tarIke elyumInIyama InDasTrIjhanA DAyarekaTara tarIke beo phalera maracanTa esosIezananA presIDenTa tarIke ghoghArI jaina mitra maMDaLanA sekreTarI tarIke bombe greIna DIlarsa esosIezananA sabhya tarIke ema aneka saMsthAomAM temanI sevAnI suvAsa prasarelI che temanuM jIvana atyaMta nirAbhImAnI che purUSArtha ane parizramathI meLavelI saMpattine hadaya pUrvaka haMmezA sadupayoga karatA rahyA che. jJAtinI beMdhanIya sevA karI rahyA che dhaMdhAthe ghaNuM pharyA che. tIrthadhAmanI yAtrAo paNa karI che. sAhitmika ane sAMskRtika pravRttione mekale mane haMmezAM madada karI che. zrI nautamalAla ThAkarazI mahetA saurASTranA agraNI vyApArIomAM zrI nautamabhAInuM rathAna mokhare che. rAjakoTanA vatanI paNa dhaNA varSothI bhAvanagaramAM sthira thayA che. I-Tara ArTasa sudhIno abhyAsa nAnI vayathI ja samAja sevAnA bIja ropAyelA. duSkALanA kaparA divasomAM rAjakoTa sevA samAja dvArA anAja vigere garIbone apAtuM. ne saMghanI mAnavatAvAdI pravRttithI mAMDIne Aja sudhImAM judI judI rIte aneka saMsthAone samaya zaktinA bhAge mUlyavAna sevAo ApI rahyA che. sthAnakavAsI jaina saMghanI menejIMga kamiTinA membara tarIke gujarAta rAjaya pi eDavAIjharI borDanA membara, relve sTezana-kansasTezana kamiTinA membara tarIke ola inDiyA sTeTa pIpala kenpharansamAM kaSAdhyakSa tarIke yazasvI sevA bajAvI che. muMbaImAM ghATakoparanI jAhera jIvananI pravRttimAM mokhare che. keMgresanA mukhya anuyAyI che. ji9lA kogresanI badhI ja pravRttiomAM temano sahakAra hoya che. zrI pratApasiMha vAghajIbhAI brahmabhaTTa uttara gujarAtamAM brahmabhaTTa jJAtimAM jJAtibaMdhuomAM ane vahepArI vargamAM jemanuM nAma sArI rIte jANItuM che Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha te zrI pratApasiMhabhAI UMjhAnA autihAsika kuTuMba bhUpata- siMhabhAInA vaMzaja che temane abhyAsa meTrIkana che teo eka prakhara vahepArI che temaNe uMjhA myunisipAlITIne pAchalA 20 varSa sudhI pramukha tarIke rahIne sevA ApelI che ane te samaya daramyAna myu.e khUbaja sArA kAryo karelAM che. uparAMta teo uMjhA keLavaNI maMDaLa UMjhA pAMjarApoLa UMjhA vepArI maMDaLanA pramukha tarIke hAla paNa sevA ApI rathelA che UMjhA kalyANa maMDaLanA upa pramukha che reTarI kalabanA uMjhA greIna enDa sIDajha maracanTa esesIezanamAM 20 varSa sudhI pramukha tarIke rahelA che. uMjhAnI tamAma jAhera pravRtti emAM temanuM sthAna haMmezA agraNI tarIke rahetuM AvyuM che zrI phattecaMdabhAInuM janmasthAna pAlItANA. pUrvapUNyanA yogathI ane munivaryonA samAgamathI aneka jaina zaikSaNika saMsthAna adhiSThAtA banyA hatA eka yazasvI vyApArI tarIke paNa temanI sArI evI pratiSThA hatI dhArmika abhyAsa vizALa hate lekhana zakita suMdara hatI ane ghaNe bhAge sthitapRjJa rahetA hatA temanuM hemuLuM kuTuMba khUbaja saMskArI ane keLavAyeluM che. zrI prabhudAsa bAlubhAI mahetA zrI prabhudAsabhAI mahetA mahuvAnuM ratna che. muMbaImAM me. AdamajI lUkamAnajI kaMpanImAM sAmAnya saravIsathI zarUAta karI ApabaLe pragati sAdhatA rahyA. dhaMdhAkIya kSetre Aje teo sArU varcasva dharAve che ane me. chabIladAsa naMdalAlanI kaMpanInA nAmathI dhaMdho kare che lokhaMDa bajAra para girirAja nAmanuM adyatana makAnanuM paNa emanA satrayatnothI sarjana thayuM che. sAmAjika ane sevAne kSetre paNa teo agragaNya che zrI mATuMgA zreyasa maMDaLa zrI mATuMgA sArvajanika ejyukezana sosAyaTI ane zrI mATuMgA jJAnezvara maTha jIrNoddhAra kamITInI vyavasthApaka samitinA teozrI sakriya sabhya che. taduparAMta emanA anudAnathI khuMTavaDAmAM mAtuzrI meMghIbAI vizrAntigRha ane jyAM mAtAjInuM maMdira cAle che te pIpaLavAmAM saMskAra kendranuM makAna thaI zakayuM che. mahuvA yuvaka samAjanI kArobArImAM mahuvA kapoLa vidyArthI - gRhamAM, mahuvA Arogya-bhuvanamAM vagere aneka saMsthAo sAthe sakriyapaNe saMkaLAelA che. muMbaImAM cAlatI nAnImoTI aneka saMsthAone teozrI huMpha ApatA rahyAM che. bhAgavata saptAhanA kAryakramamAM khUbaja rasa dharAve che. pUjya DoMgarejI mahArAjanI moTI saptAha jI hatI. jemAM hajAro lekee lAbha lIdho hato. thoDA samaya pahelA ja mahuvAmAM bAlubhAI nathubhAI mahetA prAthamika zALAnA uddaghATana mATe zrI zrimanArAyaNa ane madAlasA bahenane nimaMtryA hatA. ane teo A badhI riddhi-siddhi pAmyA che te eTalI ja udAratAthI dAnagaMgA vahetI rAkhI che. sva. zrI phatehada jhaverabhAI zrI pitAmbaradAsa jhaveracaMda zAha jhAlAvADa jillAnA coTIlA gAmanA mULa vatanI coTIlA mahAjananA agraNI zrI pitAmbaradAsabhAIe vyApAramAM nAnI vayamAM ja pragati sAdhelI. coTIlA pAMjarApoLa tathA jaina derAsaranA vahIvaTamAM temanuM yazasvI pradAna hatuM. duSkALanA kaparA divasomAM rAhatanI kAmagIrImAM jAte rasa letA svarAja mATenI vakhato vakhatanI laDatamAM kogresanA Adeza mujaba coTIlAthI jAhera pravRttionuM saMcAlana karatA harakoI jJAtinA nAnA moTA jhaghaDAomAM temanI lavAdI hAya. ja. samAdhAna karAvIne saune saMtoSa ApavAmAM temanI AgavI sUjha hatI moTA dhArmika ane sAmAjika phaMDaphALAemAM temane hiro mokhare hate. samAja sevAnA vArasAne temanA suputra zrI kezavalAla bhAIe barAbara dIpAvI jANe che. zrI kezavalAlabhAI ceTIlAnI myunisipAlITImAM paMdara varSa sudhI upapramukha tarIke rahyA che pAMjarApoLa ane derAsaranA vahIvaTamAM teo niSThA pUrvaka sevA bajAvI rahyA che. A kuTuMbanI ujajavaLa pratiche ane pramANiktAne laI mAna mobhe ghaNAja vadhatAM rahyA che. kezavalAlabhAInA putrazrI navInabhAIe rAjakoTamAM audyo gika dizAmAM pagaraNa mAMDayA che esasIeTeDa InDasTrIjhanuM saphaLa saMcAlana kare che. zrI bAlacaMda gAMDAlAla dozI nAnapaNa thI ja svadharma pratye daDha abhIrucI ane samAja sevAnA umadA dhyeya sAthe vyApArI jagatamAM kAMIka karI chuTavAnI tIvra abhilASA sevanAra zrI bAlacaMdabhAI dozI saurASTramAM AvelA gohilavADa jillAnA dhAbAM gAmanA vatanI pitAnuM bacapaNa gAmaDAmAM pasAra thayuM. sAdhAraNa rIte nabaLI Arthika sthitimAM taDakA chAyA vaTAvI pAlItANA jaina gurukuLamAM meTrIka sudhI zikSaNa meLavyuM pitAnI teja svI buddhi cApalyatA ane svabaLe AgaLa vadhanAra A yuvake sau prathama dAdAsAheba jaina beDiMga-bhAvanagara ane tyArabAda muMbaI jaina mahAvIra vidyAlayamAM dAkhala thaI bI kema zudhI abhyAsa pUro karyo jIvananI zubha zarUAta muMbaImAM InkamaTekasa prekaTIzanara tarIke zarU karI khaMta pramANIkatA ane niSThAthI saunA hRdaya jItI lIdhA samatA bhAvanagara ane muMbaInA jaina samAjamAM jemanuM AgavuM sthAna hatuM dhArmika pravRttiomAM jeo haMmezA mokhare hatA vidvAna abhyAsIo mATe jemanuM nivAsasthAna carcA ane ciMtanathI sabhara rahetuM aneka sAmAjika pravRttionA saMcAlanamAM jemano sIdhe yA ADakataro hiro hoya tevA Jain Education Intenational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asimatA bhAga-2 ane zAMtithI jIvana naukAnuM saMcAlana a bAda rIte AgaLa bheTI rakama ApavA pUrato rahyo hota te AvI paryApta zrI vadhyuM cheDI muzkelIono sAmano karavo paDaze paNa kuzaLatA bAlubhAIne sAMpaDI na hota A lekAdara maLe na hetA pUrvaka dhaMdhAne sArI rIte vikasAvyo khIlA dhaMdhAmAM temanA anudAnathI kuMDalA najIka likhALA gAmamAM davAkhAnuM be pasA prApta karyA je sanmArge vAparI jarA paNa moTapa kuMDalAmAM ke. ke. mahetA davAkhAnAno AuTaDora pezanTa vibhAga rAkhyA vagara zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlayanA pAsTa TuDanTa pazuci katsAlaya ane sArvajanika davAkhAnuM zrI bAlubhAI yuniyananA pramukha tarIke varSothI sevA ApI rahyA che. jenA mahetAnA dAnathI astitvamAM AvelI A saMsthAomAM Aje gurUkuLa mitra maMDaLanA pramukha tarIke samaya zakitanA bhAge "devakuMvarabahena harilAla mahetA prasUti gRha" sthApanAthI paNa sevA ApI rahyA che dAna e te bhavya ane unnata laI tenA vikAsa mATe ghana uparAMta dhananI vadhAre kiMmata evI jIvananI cAvI che. temaNe jayAM jyAM jarUra paDI che tyAM vyavasAyika samayano vyaya karavAnI jAgrata tatparatA nirADaMbarI tyAM je te saMsthAone Arthika huMpha paNa ApI che. te Adata ane milanasAra svabhAva-zrI bAlubhAI harilAla uparAMta IsTa InDIyA koTana esosIezananA muMbaInA mahetAnI lekapriyatA mATe kAraNabhUta che. AvaradAnAM ogaNuM DAyarekaTara tarIke tathA suprasidhdha pragati maMDaLa senTrala kajha- sATha varasa vaTAvyA bAda paNa yuvA sahuja artithI sevA yumarsa ko-opareTIva sosAyaTInA pramukha tarIkenA Aje pravRttimAM sakriya rasa levAnI rUci zrI bAlubhAIe jItelA keTalAe varSothI sevA ApI rahyA che. lakAdaranA mULamAM che muMbaI kapoLajJAtinA teo atyAre jaina gurUkuLanI muMbaInI kamiTimAM eka varSa upa-pramukha bIjIvAra cuMTAelA pramukha che e temaNe prApta karelI samAja tarIkenI temanI kAmagIrI noMdhapAtra che. cAhanAnA pratIka rUpa che. AvA saraLa hRdathI sevAbhAvI ane nikhAlasa svAbhAvanA zrI bAlubhAI ApaNane sAMpaDyA jJAtinA ane samAja sevAnA nAnA moTA kAmamAM che. teozrI pUrNa svAcya yukta dIrdhAyu bhegave ane samAje tana-mana visAre mUkI emaNe je kAma karyuM che tenAthI payogI pravRtti avirata karavA sAthe apUrva dAnagaMgA temanI zakti ane bhakita soLe kaLAe khIlatA rahyA che. vahAve eja abhyarthanA. sAdhAraNu garIba sthitinA mA-bApanA bALakane keLavaNI ApavA saMsthAone dAkhala karAvI Arthika sahAya ApI - zrI zeThazrI bhogIlAla maganalAla keTalAe bALakonA jIvana ghaDataramAM mahatvano phALo Ape che. guptadAnamAM mAnanAra che. temanI dhIragaMbhIratA ane anya saMskAra-sAdAI-saraLatA-zastabaddha niyamitatAtaMdusadguNone laIne saunA AdaraNIya banI zakayA che. rastI, atithi satkAra-dharmaparAyaNatA-kartavyaniSThA-rASTraprema ane vyApArI kuzaLatAnA saguNono samanvaya, buddhibaLathI temanuM AkhuM kuTuMba khUba ja keLavAyeluM ane jIvana pragatikAraka sarvadezIya banAvyuM te temanuM jIvaMta daSTAMta saMskArI che. che. amadAvAda-vIramagAma kApaDanI mIlamAM kArya karI kApaDanI kuzaLatA prApta karI bhAvanagara AvI mahAlakSamI mIla sthApI zrI bAlubhAI harilAla mahetA khaMta-mahenata gaNatrI ane kuzaLatApUrvaka bhIlane uccakakSAnI banAvI mIla mAlIka banI eka nAmAMkita udyogapati banyA. pitAnI AjubAjunA samAjanuM nirIkSaNa kare, dIna- Aje te mIlamAM nathI paNa ATalIka mIlanA sthApaka dhI dukhiyane upayogI nIvaDe ane samAjopayogI pravRtti kare to mAstara sIka mIla dhamadhamATabharI calAvI rahyA che. ghaNuM tenuM jIvana mAnavatAthI mahekI uThe che. AvI zubha pravRttine udyoga sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. udyogakSetre AgevAna-abhyAsI sAtvika AnaMda e enA jIvananI saphaLatA bane che. zrI anubhavI udyoga niSNAta tarIke gaNanA thAya che te teonI bAlubhAI paNa jIvanamAM sAmAjika pravRtti dvArA sAtvika vyApArI kuzaLatA batAve che. 82 varSe yuvAna jevA AjanA AnaMda prApta karavAnA sahapaMthI che. vyavasAyI kArakirdInI yuvAnane zaramAve tevI temanI pratibhA-kAryazakita dhagaza-aMta zarUAta emaNe kamIzana ejanTanA dhaMdhAthI karI. tyArabAda tamannA eka Adarza draSTAMta rUpa che zrI tAladhvaja jaina tIrtha muMbaI AvyA ane lokhaMDanA vyApAramAM jhaMpalAvyuM. kamITInA pramukha banI tIrthano uddhAra karyo dharmazALA bhajana me. senTrala TIna varkasanI sthApanA karI ane uttarottara zALA upAzraye jJAna zALA-AyaMbIla khAtu vagere kAryo pragati sAdhI A vyavasAyamAM agraNI tarIke kIrti saMpAdana saMpUrNa sagavaDatA sAthe karAvyA ke jenI prazaMsA AvanAra karI sanaMdI vakIlAtanI parikSA ApyA pachI zrI yAtrALuo mukatakaMThe kare che tenA mukhyatve yazanA bAlubhAI vakIla banyA hota athavA muMbaImAM lekhaMDanA bhAgIdAra zeTha zrI che bhAvanagaranA hovA chatA zrI taLAjA vyavasAyamAM saMpatti meLavIne mAtra zrImaMta rahyA hota ane jaina saMgha ane janatAmAM otapreta thayelA vaDIla baMdhu jevA sArvajanika kAryo sAthe temane saMbaMba prasaMgopAta nAnI banI gayA che pote vizALa daSTi ane vizALa mAnasa dharAve mAlIka banI jALatApUrvaka so mIla sthAyI Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbhagraMtha che, saune pitAnA mAne che ane pite samAM che tema mAne che te teonI laghutA che. DuMgara upara suMdara prabhu maMdira pratiSThA karAvI dharma bhakti batAvI che nitya pUjA-sAmAyika gurUvaMdana dhArmika vAcana-zravaNa e teone nityakrama che je dharmacI batAve che zrI bhAvanagara jaina saMghanA ghaNA prazasaMya kAryo karI. AgevAna jaina dharma saMghanA nAyaka banyA che. teoe bhAvanagaramAM "zeTha bhegIlAla maganalAla komarsa hAIskula" sthApI che dAdAsAhebamAM upAzraya karAvyo che. koImAM pAtAla borIMga karAvI AkhA gAmanI pANI tRSA chIpAvI che ta6 uparAMta bhAvanagaranI kaho ke taLAjAnI kaho ke anya gAmanI kahe sarvatra teono phALe ane jAgatI sevA hoya ja. teo karI chuTavAmAM mAne che. bhAvanagara rAjya pahelethI teo mATe khUba UMcuM mAna dharAve che. je Aje paNa mahArAjA sAthe mITho saMbaMdha kuTuMba je cAlyo Ave che ane te dvArA sArA kAmo karAvI ApyA che. te samAjabhakita batAve che. temanA paMthe temanA suputra zrI ramaNIkalAlabhAI ApI rahyA che vadhu AyuSyavAna bane ane samAja-dharma rASTrane upayegI banA te abhyarthanA. chelle bhAvanagaramAM mAnavarAhata samitinA pramukhapade rahIne bhAvanagara jillAmAM duSkALanI viSama pari. sthitimAM hajAro kuTuMbone anAja vagerenI madada karavAmAM suMdara sevA bajAvI hatI. zrI maganalAla lAlajIbhAI bhUtakALamAM judA judA kArakhAnAmAM karelI nokarI bAda pitAnA prayatnathI kAma karavAnI presa roDa upara mazInarI tathA pera pArTasa banAvavAnuM kArakhAnuM ane phAunDI zrI mahAlakSmI Ayarna enDa brAsa varkasane nAme zarU karyuM. muzke. lIo AvI paNa nirAza thayA vagara kAma cAluM rAkhyuM. pArasI bhIstA pAse Avela geraDa samazAnane pharIthI vyavasthita rIte zarU karavA phaMDa ekaThuM karavAnI kAmagIrI hAtha para lIdhI. bajaraMga vyAyAma zALAnA pramukha che. kRSNaparA verDamAM pitAnA udAra ane mIlanasAra svabhAvane kAraNe ghaNI ja cAhanA meLavI che. chellA vIsa varSathI potAnA svabaLe ja ekadhAre purUSa the dhaMdhAmAM karyo che. A kArakhAnAmAM saphaLa saMcAlanamAM zrI nagInabhAI zAhane mahatvano phALe che. zrI nagInabhAI bhAvanagara zaheranA sAmAjika kAryakara che. ghaNuM ja udAra ane sahadayI che. zrI manasukhalAla gIradharalAla vasANI sAhasa ane dharmaprema mATe gujarAta AgaLa paDato deza che. dezAvara kheDavAmAM muMbaI kalakattA jevA hiMdanA vyA- yAma pradhAna kSetramAM gujarAta AgaLa rahyuM che. zrI manasukhabhAI vasANI saurASTranA boTAdanA vatanI che cAlIza varSathI temanuM kuTuMba muMbaImAM vyApArI jIvananI zarUAta karI ane pramANika jIvana ane kunehathI dhaMdhAnI sArI khIlavaNI karI eka agraNI vyApArI tarIke sArI evI nAmanA meLavI vatanamAM garIba lokone bALakone ane nirAdhArone sahAya ApavA A kuTuMba anupama dAkhalo besADe che. boTAdamAM puSpAbAI manasukhalAla vasANI ekasare DIpArTamenTa gIradharabhAI chaganalAla AyaMbIlakhAtuM mAnava rAhata kendra haragoviMda chaganalAla bimAra rAhata kendra, sastA anAja kendra vagere temanI sevAnA pratika che. muMbaInA jaina udyoga gRhamAM pitAzrInA nAme bekasa DIpArTamenTa zarU karAvyuM che. anekavidha sAmAjika sevAo mATe pitAzrInA nAme cerITI drasTa ubhuM karIne lekanA AzirvAda meLavyA che. zrI manasukhalAlabhAi aneka saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. kApaDanA dhaMdhAmAM agraNI vyApArI tarIke nAmAMkita banyAM che. vyApArI hovA chatAM dharma, nIti, samAja sudhAraNA rASTriya vikAsanA mArge javA haMmezA prayatnazIla rahyAM che. A kuTuMbamAM udAratAnA je darzana thayAM che. teno joTo maLavo muzkela che. temaNe bIjAne madada karavAmAM dAna devAmAM keI vakhata pAchIpAnI karI nathI. eTaluM ja nahi paNa e dAna devuM ke nahiM, hamaNAM devuM ke pachI devuM evA vicAromAM paNa temaNe samaya vitAvyo nathI. dAna e pitAno dharma che. ema samajIne dAna karyuM rAkhyuM che. vidyAdAna ane annadAna paratve temane vizeSa AkarSaNa che. gujarAtanA A kartavyaniSTha ane kuzaLa vyApArI samAjanuM gaurava che. boTAdamAM jIvadayA pravRtti, zivaNa vargo, ane anya lokopayogI pravRttio calAve che. muMbaInA jaina keLavaNI maMDaLa muMbaIne A TrasTamAMthI phI lona kelara mATe rUpiyA 12501/- ApavAmAM AvyA che. A rIte gIradharalAla chaganalAla vasANI cerITebala TrasTa tabIbI keLavaNI ane mAnava rAhata-jIvadayA vagerenA kAmamAM lakSmIne sadupayoga karI rahela che. zrI maNIlAla becaradAsa zAha - taLAjA pAse dAThAnA vatanI ane jaina-jainattara saMsthAenA prANasamA zrI maNIlAlabhAI ghaNA varSothI dhaMdhArthe muMbaI rahetA kApaDa bajAranA agraNI tarIke temanuM sArU evuM mAna hatuM. jaina samAja mATe saujanya ane saulabhyanI dRSTie dRSTAMtarUpa hatuM. temaNe temanI kArakIdilamAM haMmezA kuTuMbIjanone vAtsalyathI ekatAnI atUTa baMdhanamAM bAMdhavAno Adeza ApI gayAM che, emanA snigdha madhura svabhAvane ane temanI Adarza udAratAne bhavya vArase temanA suputramAM utaryo che. taLAja dAThAnA jaina derAsaramAM keLavaNInI saMsthAomAM khAsa karIne dADAmAM hAiskula ubhI karavAmAM temane mahatvano hisso rahyo che. rU. 25000 nuM dAna ApI nAma rozana karyuM che. temanA Jain Education Intenational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 emAM jemaNe dAnanuM jharaNuM vahAvyuM che te zrI mANekajIbhAI kaccha terA abaDAsAnA vatanI che. vidarbhanA jAhera jIvanamAM sArI evI nAmanA ane rUnA dhaMdhAmAM eka saikAthI paDelA zrI dhanajIbhAI kAnajIbhAInA suputra che ucca keLavaNI prApta karavAne sadbhAgI banyA che. hAlamAM porabaMdaranI jagadIza oIla InDasTrIjhanA janarala menejarane mAnavaMta hAdo bhegavI rahyA che. porabaMdaranA sAMskRtika vikAsamAM paNa eTaluM ja emane hisse dekhAya che. porabaMdaranI roTarI kalabamAM pramukhamaMtrInA hoddAthI mAMDIne anya sAmAjika saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. muMbaInI anaMtanAthajI jaina derAsaranA TrasTI tarIke zrI virajI ladhAbhAI ka. da. o. jaina vidyAthI graha muMbainA TrasTI ane pramukha tarIke zrI ka. da. e. zikSaNa pracAraka samitinA TrasTI tarIke prazaMsaniya sevA bajAvI che. temanA dharmapatnI prabhAvatI bahena jeo Inara vhIla saMsthAnA pramukha hatA ane roTarI kalacarala sesAyaTInA pramukha rahyA che. temane paNa A badhI sAmAjika pravRttiomAM sAre e hisso che. suputra zrI rajanIbhAI paNa dAna-dharmanI pravRttiomAM prasaMga gopAta chUTe hAthe dAna karatA rahyA che. A kuTumbanA agraNI zrI odhavajI rAghavajI paNa evA ja dharmaniSTha ane udAra svabhAvanA che pote telanA meTA vepArI hatA. ane Aje kApaDa lAInamAM saune mArgadarzana ApI rahyA che. dAThAmAM temanA nAme hAIskula cAle che. sAdhu saMta paratvenI paNa eTalI ja bhakita. temaNe arthazAstra ane tatvajJAnanA thothA nathI uthalAvyA paNa be jIvanamAM meLavI lIdhuM che ke "dhananA ApaNe mAlIka nathI paNa TrasTI chIe." AkhuM kuTuMba khUbaja keLavAyeluM che. zrI maNIlAla popaTalAla mahetA je kuTuMbanA agraNIo viSenI neMdha A graMthamAM anyatra pragaTa thaI che. temAMnA eka zrI maNIlAla popaTalAla mahetA paNa e paropakArI kuTuMbanA ja agraNI mahAnubhAva che khaDakALAnA vatanI-nonomeTrIka sudhI ja abhyAsa paNa ghaNuM varSothI AMdhra pradezamAM vyApAra arthe sthira thayAM che. mIjIna sTorsa saplAyarsanA dhaMdhAmAM yazasvI pragati karI rahyAM che-khaMta dhIraja Atma vizvAsa ane pramANikatAne laI vyApArI samAjamAM sAruM evuM mAnapAna pAmyA che. ane sAmAjika saMsthAomAM paNa sakriya rIte sevA ApI rahyA che. AdonI gujarAtI hitavardhaka samAjanA ATha varSathI sekreTarI tathA khajAnacI tarIke tathA AMdhrapradeza gujarAtI samAja haidrAbAdanA adonI samAja taraphathI pratinidhi tathA sabhya ane senTrala ke-ApareTIva sTorsanA DAyarekaTara tarIke temanI sevAo jANItI che. zrI manasukhalAla maganalAla vorA - pAlItANAnA vatanI zrI manasukhalAlabhAI meTrIka sudhIno abhyAsa karI nAnI uMmaramAM ja dhaMdhArthe muMbai gayA tyAM potAnI kuneha ane zakitathI pramANIkapaNe dhaMdhAne khIlavyA ane vikasAvyo. dhaMdhAmAM zrI vADIbhAIne sahakAra viDIlenA AzirvAda ane kudaratanI kRpAdRSTi thaI e be paisA kamAyAM. bombe soiMga thraDa maracanTa esosIezananA pramukha tarIke temanI ujjavaLa sevAo paDI che. jaina ane jainetara saMsthAomAM guptadAnanuM jharaNuM vahAvyuM che. nAnAmoTA aneka phaMDaphALAomAM A kuTuMbe udArabhAve yatkiMcita phALe Ape che. dhArmika pravRttiomAM khAsa karIne tana-mana-dhanano bhega Ape che. vyavahArika kSetre temanuM mArgadarzana levAya che. niSThAvAna vepArI tarIkenI temanI sArI evI pratiSThA che. zrI mehanalAla pipaTalAla mahetA mANasa dhanavAna hoya, dAnavIra hoya, dayALu hoya ane sAthe sAthe nirAbhimAnI paNa hoya evA kissA baha ochA jovA maLe che. garIbI jIravI zakAya che paNa unnati jIravI zakAtI nathI. unnatimAM paNa jIvI jANa na 2 zrI mehanalAlabhAI saurASTramAM sAvarakuMDalA pAse khaDakALAnA vatanI che. meTrIkathI vadhu abhyAsa na karI zakyA. ane keTalIka javAbadArIo vahana karavA nAnI uMmaramAM ja muzIbatathI kAramA divasene sAmano karyo. pAMca talAvaDA pAse harIpara gAme pitAnA sALamAM prAthamika abhyAsa karI bhAvanagara gokaLadAsa beDiMgamAM nanameTrIka sudhInA abhyAsa karI 1930 mAM muMbaImAM sau prathama paga mUko. je vakhate svarAjyanI laDatane nAda pUrajozamAM gAjate hate. zrI mohanabhAInuM yuvAna haiyuM temAM kheMcAyuM ane dholerAnI satyAgrahanI laDatamAM agrabhAga bhajavyo. dharapakaDa vahorI thoDA jelamAM keTaleka samaya vitAvya khAdI grahaNa karI, netAo sAthe ahiM tahiM ghUmyA paNa mana kAMIka cakakasa dizAmAM rithara thavA thanaganI rahyuM hatuM. pAMca sAta varSa khAMDa bajAramAM nokarI karI, daseka varSa caMdulAla vorAnI sAthe kAma karyuM. muMbaIthI dezamAM jatA rahyA. vaLI pAchA muMbaI AvyA. laMbIMga enDa senITarI kAmamAM temanuM nAma AgaLa AvyuM. krame krame pachI te dukAno jagyAe lIdhI ane dhaMdhAne vikasAvyo dariyAva dilanA zrI mohanabhAI e dhaMdhAmAM be paisA meLavyA te teno saduupaga karatA rahyAM temanI vikhyAta vyApArI kArakIrdimAM ghaNI keLavaNI viSayaka sAmAjika dhArmika pravRttine vizALa dilathI sahAya ane zrI mANekajI dhanajIbhAI | nAnA moTA dhArmika ane sAmAjika prasaMgamAM je kuTuMbane yazasvI phALe rahyo che. jaina ane jainetara saMsthA Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha sevA ApI che. khaDakALAnI dharmazALAmAM yogya sahAya ane nAnA-moTA aneka phaMDaphALAomAM temanu dAna heAya ja. mahetA bradharsanA nAme dhaMdhAnA bhaviSyanA plAna che. OM maMtrI banAvavAnI taiyArImAM ja che, zrI nAthajInA maMdiramAM sanyAsa mAmamAM ane bIjA dhArmika sthaLAmAM temanI ananya bhakti ThaMDI che. AMdhra pradezamAM temanA bhAI gujarAtI samAjanA agraNI kAryakara che. Akhu e kuTuMba keLava cela che. zrI ratilAla ecadAsa mahetA dudANAnA vatanI ane hAla taLAjAnA rahevAsI gaNAtA zrI pratibAI mahetA cAra barSanI vaye muMbaI AvyA. nAnI meTI aneka dhaMdhAdArI lAinane anubhava karI lIdheA. caDatI paDatInA divase paNa taiyA. hiMmata ane sAhasanI ekamAtra mUDI nirAza thayA gara purUSAtha jArI rAkhyA. temanI dhIraja ane niSThAnuM e pariNAma AvyuM ke thoDA samayamAM eTale ke 2008 thI jaina Adeza dugdhAlayanI sthApanA karI. zrIkhaMDa ane AIskrIma mATe muMbaImAM temanu nAma guMjatu thayuM. pitAzrIne nAme jaina bAlAzramamAM moTI rakama tathA banevIne nAme paNa meATI rakamanuM dAna karyuM che. guptadAnamAM vizeSa mAnanArA che. yAtrArthe hiMdanA ghaNA sthaLoe jaI AvyA che. nAnImeTI aneka jaina sasthAomAM ApatA rahyA che. je temanI udAra vinAnI pratIti karAve che. zrI ramaNIkalAla chaganalAla paTela rAjakoTa jillAnuM bAyAvadara gAma temanuM mULa vatana. InTara sAyansa sudhIno abhyAsa paNa saurASTramAM audyogika dizAmAM chellA dasakAmAM ja e yuvAne hAma bhIDI che. te DhALamAM zrI paTelane mUkI zakAya kAraNa ke badhA genA uMDA abhyAsane laI nAnI uMmaramAM TIka TIka pragati sAdhI zakayA che. tAjetaramAM pArIjha udyoga solvanTa ekasTrakazana plAna, bIDIpattA tathA tamAkunA vyApAramAM kAmagIrI karI rahyA che. ArissA rAjyamAM cAlatI gujarAtI samAja saMsthAenI sthApanA ane saMcAlanamAM agragaNya bhAga bhajavela che. morabImAM bhaDIyAda pATaDInI sthApanA 195mAM DIyAda nAmanA 257 masAnI vastIvALA gAmamAM karavAmAM AvI Aje gujarAta rAjyamAM naLIyAnu moTAmAM moTuM kArakhAnu thaI gayuM che. kArakhAnAmAM sevA ApI rahyA che. paTela jJAtimAM teonuM Agavu' sthAna rahyuM che. eTalu ja nahiM merakhInI sAMskRtika pravRttione sArU uttejana temanA taraphathI maLanuM nyu che. zrI ramaNIkalAla dayALajIbhAI taLAna pAse dAhAnA bananI ane varSothI muMbaimAM vasavATa karanAra zrI ramaNIkabhAi kALI garIbI ane 989 duHkhanA kaparA hAtha vacce 1946mAM vananane rastethI muMbaInI vATa lIdhI. ochAmAM AhI sagavaDa ane ziyALa paNa pu huM zrIdhA binA kAcI uMmaramAM dhaMdhAnI nokarInI zodhamAM muMbaI AvyA ane dhaMdhAmAM kuda rate yArI ApI. garIbenI yAtanAone! pratyakSa anubhava hatA. du:kha joyelu eTale AMkhA sIcIne vartanamAM ane anya sthaLe lAmInA upayoga karavA mAMDyA. sAThA, satyamI ane dharmaparAyaNa jIvananI keTalIka udAratA joie. dAThAnI zALAmAM heltha senTaramAM upAzrayanA AMhAramAM ane jJAtimAM nAnA moTA kAmakAjamAM temanA taraphathI sArI evI rakama ApAyelI che, gumAnamAM vizeSa karIne mAnanArA che. jema jema dhaMdhAmAM barakta maLatI gaI tema tema tenA mananI udAratA vadhatI gaI. dayA ane karUNA pragaTatA gayAM. zrI nAgAma gAMdhI, nagInadAsa premacaMda bargara sAthe maLe cokkasa Ayojana pUrvaka vatana pratyenuM RNa cUkavavA hamezA prayatnazIla rahyA che. dADAnI jaina ane jainetara sasthAone temaNe udAra dile dAnanuM jharaNuM vahAvyu che. zrI guche. vRjalAla pArekha mahuvA-khuM TaDAnA pArekha kuTumbe mahuvAnI bhAtIgaLa tavArIkhamAM ghaNI merI yazakalagI prApta karI che. dhamAMnurAgI zrI raNacheDabhAI vrajalAla pArekha varSo pahelA e jUnA jamAnAnA rivAja pramANe sAmAnya abhyAsa karyAM na karyAM tyAM te pAMtrIza varSa pahelAM mAtApitA gujarI gayAM. kauTumbika javAbadArIo potAne zIre AvI paDI. sthiti sArI nahI hovA chatAM yamAM hAma bhIDI muMbaI ASI ArthikakSetre pramANIka purUSArtha AdaryA ane e paisA kamAyA. je samAjamAMthI saMpatti kamAyA. eja samAjamAM sapattinI saritA degIpe zarU rAkhI. jyAM sudhI moTI sakhAvata na thAya tyAM sudhI makAna ane gADI na joie evA dRDha sakalpa karyAM. tyArapachI ghaNI meoTI rakama jude jude sthaLe khavA zaktimAna thayAM. sAsu-sasarA gujarI gayAM. tyAre mItanA sadupayoga karavA tenA vArasadAra tarIke javAbadArI paNa peAtAne zIre AvatAM vallabhadAsa DosAbhAI cittaLIyAnA nAme ghaNI moDI sakhAvato pote karI zakayA che. mavAmAM ema. ena. hAIskUlanI sAme vRjalAla narottama prAthamikazALA ubhI karavAmAM pote ane potAnA dvArA poNA lAkha rUpiyAnuM dAna apAyuM che. harakIzana hospITala jItharI hospITala, mavAnI kolejo, hospITala, gauzALA vageremAM nAnI moTI rakama lagabhaga ekAda lAkhanI sakhata karI haze. khuTavA hAIskUla vageremAM thaine kulle be lAkha rUpiyAnI iMgI karI hoya tevu anumAna che. jemAM pAtA taraphathI ane vadhyA DosAbhAIne nAme ema banne rIte samAveza thAya che. mahuvA Aragya jIvana kALa nyAtanI kapALa rIgrIka-kimiTa

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amita bhAga-2 mavA yuvaka samAja ema ghaNI saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. niSThAvAna sakriya kAryakara tarIkenI temanI ghaNIja ujaLI chApa che. mahavAnI badhIja saMsthAomAM temanuM AgavuM pradAna rahyuM che. dhArmiMka hetusara kAzmIrathI kanyAkumArI sudhInA samagra bhAratanA tIrthone pravAsa karyo che. ghaNA ja dharmaniSTha ane udAra svabhAvanA zrI raNachoDabhAIe dAnano pravAha aviratapaNe cAlu ja rAkhe che. jJAna pracAra mATe haMmezA satata itajAra rahyAM che. zikSaNa keLavaNI ane saMskAra kSetre kharca karavAmAM pAchI pAnI kayAreya karI nathI. samAja sevAne kAmamAM AthI paNa vadhu yazanAmI bane tevuM ApaNe IcchIe. zrI rAmajIbhAI bI. luhAra bhAvanagaranA vatanI che. ane kAMI paNa abhyAsa karyo vagara pitAnI sUjhabujhathI pharnIcara banAvavAnA dhaMdhAmAM ghaNI moTI pragati sAdhI zakyA che. je temanI zakitane paricaya karAve che bacapaNathI ja zrI rAmajIbhAIne kAMIka navuM zIkhavAne jANavAne ane kAMika karI batAvavAno zokha hatoAzA utsAha sAthe 1931 thI dhaMdhAmAM jhaMpalAvyuM. jemanuM pharnIcara Aje bhAvanagara, rAjakoTa, amadAvAda ane anya sthaLo e pahoMcyuM che svadharma pratye abhirUcI rAkhanArA banI zake te kuTumbanI ane jJAtinI sevA karavAmAM ane zakaya hoya te sAmAjika saMsthAomAM pitAne phUlapAMdaDI sahakAra ApavAmAM temaNe umaLako batAvyo che. temane tyAMthI kadI koI nirAza thaIne pAchuM gayuM nathI. dhaMdhArthe dezATana karyuM che. nAnA moTA tIrthadhAmanI yAtrA karI che. nAnI uMmaramAM mAtA pitA gujarI jatA kauTumbika javAbadArIo temane zIre AvI paDelI eTale keTalIka muzkelIono sAmane karIne paNa dhaMdhAmAM AgaLa vadhyA dhaMdhAmAM saphaLatA maLI tene yaza teo kudaratanI kRpA gaNe che. mIlanasAra svabhAvanA dhArmika manavRttivALA zrI rAmajIbhAI paMdareka vyaktinA saMyukta kuTuMbamAM rahe che kuzaLa kArIgaromAM temanI gaNanA thAya che. tarIke akhila bhArata jena saMskRti rakSaka sabhAnA maMtrI ta karI ke meM be I gha ghA ro vi zA zrI mAM nI je na jJAtinA mAjI maMtrI tarIke zrI vijayadharma prakAzaka sabhAnA maMtrI tarIke, zrI jAmmu jinAlaya samitinA maMtrI tarIke, zrI rAjasthAna jaina saMghanA muMbaInA pratinidhi tarIke zrI ghoghArI mitra maMDaLanA kAryavAhaka kAryakara tarIke ane bIjI aneka saMsthAo sAthe rahIne sevA ApI che; ApI rahyA che zrI siddhagiri (pAlItANA) nI talATI madhye zrI kesarIyAjI vIra paraMparA mahA prAsAdamAM uparanA mALe meghanAtha maMDapamAM mULanAyaka zrI. zaMkhezvara pArzvanAtha bhagavAnanA gabhArAmAM jemanI bAjue zrI pArzvanAtha bhagavAnanA jinabiMbanI aMjanazalAkA temaja pratiSThAno lAbha lIdhe che taduparAMta e ja sthaLe zrI sumitanAtha bhagavAnanA jina biMbanI aMjana zalAkAno paNa paNa lAbha lIdhe che vaLI mahesANAmAM zrI simaMdhara svAmInuM vizALa tIrtha thayu che jemAM zrI simaMdhara svAmI bhagavAnanI pratimAM 145 iMcanI duniyAmAM beThI pratimAomAM sauthI moTI pratimAjI A yugamAM pa. pU. AcArya zrI kailAsa sAgara sUrijI e sthApita karAvI che. tenI aMjana zalAkA uphe prANa pratiSThA vakhate eka zrI zAMtinAtha bhagavAnanI ane bIjI zrI caMdraprabha svAmI mahArAjanI ema be pratimAonI aMjana zalAkA karAvI che. ane banne pratimAo rAjasthAnamAM jodhapura pAse zeragaDhanA jina maMdiramAM bIrAjamAna karavA ApI che. jenI pratiSThA saMvata 2031 mAM karavAnI che. Ama jina bhakitane lAbha letA rahe che. che nacara banI za zIkha zrI rAyacaMda maganalAla zAha zrI rAyacaMdabhAI mULa bhAvanagaranA vatanI ane aMgrejI pAMca dhoraNa sudhInAM ja abhyAsa bhAvanagaramAM rakhaDatA kutarAene mArI nAkhavAne myunisipAliTie kAyado karyo tenI sAme 1934mAM vyavasthita ahiMsaka AMdolana calAvI kAyado rada karAvyuM ane hajAro ane abhayadAna ApyuM muMbaImAM paNa hajAre kutarAe, gAya, baLada, bakarAM vagere ne abhayadAna ApavAnuM tathA devanAramAM thanAra katalakhA nAnA virodhanuM tathA jyAM jyAM hiMsA thatI hoya tyAM tyAM virodha karavAnuM vyavasthita kArya hAtha dharyuM aneka jaina saMrU thAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. zrI jaina sAdhArmika sevA saMghanA TrasTI tathA mAnada maMtrI tarIke geDIjI pAThazALAnA maMtrI zrI Ara. e. gulamahamada (kasToDiyana-denA benka) sane 1938 thI benkIga kSetramAM kArya karI rahyAM che. muMbaI mahAvizva vidyAlayanI sIDanhAma koleja opha kema mAMthI vANijayanA snAtaka tarIkenI upAdhI meLavyA pachI juna, 1939 mAM teo benka opha InDIyAmAM joDAyA hatAM. temanI kAryadakSatA pUravAra karavA mATe vizeSa lAMbA samayanI temane jaruriyAta na hoI, sane 1941 mAM AsIsTanTa ekAunTanTanA javAbadArIpUrNa hoddA upara baDhatI maLela, teoe sane 1946 sudhI benka opha inDIyAnA vividha vibhAgomAM anekavidha pharajo bajAvela hatI. okTobara 1946 mAM zrI gulamahamada rIjharva benka opha InDIyAnA benkIMga oparezansa vibhAgamAM adhikArI tarIke joDAyela, rIjharva benkamAM joDAyA bAda Azare cha mAsa pachI temanI kalakattA ophisamAM badalI thayela. ane tyAM teo eprila 1954 sudhI rahela. A sAta varSanA gALA daramyAna videzI benka sahitanI mukhya kemarziyala benkonA InsapekazananI pharajo bajAvela. rAne 1954 daramyAna cha mAsanA TUMkA gALA mATe teo vesTamIsTara benkamAM satAvAra abhyAsa-pravAse Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha gayela hatAM. videzanA pravAsethI pAchA pharyA bAda jAnyuArI 1955 mAM zrI gulamahamadanI rIjharva benka opha inDIyAnI bekarsa TreinIMga kolejamAM sInIyara insTrakaTara tarIke nimazuMka thayela ane tyAra bAda eprila 1957 mAM DepyuTI cIpha ophisara tarIke temanI nimaNuMka thayela hatI. ahIM teoe benkanA insapekazananI tathA zAkha niyaMtraNa pagalAMnI kAma gIrI saMbhALI hatI. tathA rIjharva benkanA kreDITa lImITa kalIDekezana byuronI sthApanAmAM racanAtmaka bhAga lIdhe hato. eprila, 1957 mAM teoe kalakattA khAte joInTa cIpha ophisara Ina cArja opha DIpArTamenTa opha benkIMga oparezansane hoddo saMbhALela. tyArabAda me, 1968 mAM inDasTrIyala DevalapamenTa benka opha inDIyA, je Toca mudatI dhIrANanI saMsthA tathA rIjharva benkanI sabasIDIyarI che, temAM temanI jeinTa janarala menejara tarIke nimaNUka thayela ane A hoddA upara teoe ekasaparTa ane bIla rIDI. skAunTIMga vibhAgenI pharajo bajAvelI hatI. julAI 1969 mAM ezIyana DevalapamenTa benka dvArA javAmAM Avela caturtha rIjanala konpharansa epha DevalapamenTa benka opha eziyAmAM teoe inDasTrIyala benka opha jApAna tathA DevalapamenTa benka opha jApAnanA adhikArIo sAthe paraspara hitanI bAbate paranI carcA mATe eka aThavADiyA mATe TokI gayela hatAM. zrI lakSmIcaMda rAyacaMda saravaiyA. bhAvanagara pAsenA theraDI gAmanA vatanI che gujarAtI pAMca sAthe pahelI aMgrejI sudhI ja abhyAsa purUSArtha sAthe jIvananI zarUAta karI traNa varSanI uMmare mAtuzrIne viyega, bArameM varSe pitAzrIno viyega sAthe ja abhyAsanI samApti paMdara varSe muMbaImAM nokarInI zarUAta mAsika vetana rUA 28 lekhe pacIsame varSe svataMtra dhaMdhe; maracI masAlA, tela, geLa vagerene muDI rU 301 thI zarUAta ekatrIsame varSe teja jagyAe dhaMdhAnI pherabadalI karI. moTAbhAIzrI premacaMda rAyacaMdanAM saMpUrNa sahakArathI ja lAIna pheravI phrenca polIsa maTerIalasanA tathA kemIkasanuM kAma zarU karyuM. theDAja TAImamAM puNya jAgRta thayuM ane moTA vepArI banyA AbarU vadhI tyAre moTo jabarajasta phaTake paDe; jene saMpUrNa sahakAra hatA tevA moTAbhAI akasmAtathI svargavAsI thayA teone AdhAra staMbha tUTI paDaze ekatAlIsame varSe sAmAjIka kAryonI zarUAta karI ekAvaname varSe nivRtti jIvana tarapha javAnI taiyArI aThThAvanamAM varSe teo dhaMdhAmAMthI nivRtta thayA. thAya te zubha kAryomAM vAparI nAkhavI. prArabdha khulavAnuM haze eTale nekarImAMthI rAjInAmu ApIne telapaLIne dhaMdhe zarU karyo. phAvyA nahi, nekarI sArI hatI. gaMdhIyANAmAM kayAM phasAyA? moTAbhAinI hiMmatathI lAIna badalI. nasIba paNa baMdalAyuM. vara TAImamAM sAruM kamAyA. lAkha rUpiyAnI mUDI thaI javAnI lagolaga pahoMcyA. niyama mujaba vAparavA lAgyA pachI vepAramAM taDakA-chAyA jevA paDyA. paNa dIlane saMtoSa ja rahyo che. (kaI vakhata vicAra paNa thaye nathI ke pAMca lAkhanI bAdhA rAkhI hota te ThIka) ulTAnuM bAdhA rAkhavAthI ja moTI rakama dAnamAM apa NI che. 1943 mAM dhaDAkA vakhate vaDagAdI vistAra khAlasA karele. moTA bhAganAM makAna baLI gayelA. athavA suraMga dvArA teDI pADelAM. teo te teja divase sarvasva mUkIne paherelA kapaDe jAna ba mAnIne sagAone tyAM gayA ghara-dukAna badhuM ja khalAsa. bAvA banI gayA. paMdara divase kabajo maLyo tyAre pAchuM punya hAjara thaI gayuM. rAma rAkhe tene koNa cAkhe? alpa nukazAna sAthe badhuM ja sahI salAmata maLyuM. bane makAna bacI gayA hatA. ane bAvA paNa maTI gayA hatA. kumAra avasthAmAM satyAgrahanI caLavaLa vakhate muMbaImAM svayaMsevaka tarIke sevA bajAvI. 41 varSanI uMmarathI derAsaramAM TrasTI maMDaLamAM ane jJAtimAM kAryavAhI kamiTiomAM kArya kare che. ghATakopara derAsara, taLAjA upAzraya, pAlItANA upAzraya zeraDI vagere sthaLe judI judI jagyAe be lAkha uparanA dAne ApyA che ghaNAja udAra ane paragaju svabhAvane che. gujarAtanuM teo gaurava che zrI lakSamIdAsa suMdarajI zeThazrI lakSmIdAsa suMdarajI jhaTaNIyA (rAya kuMDaliyA) ne janma saurASTranA jAma salAyA mukAme saMvata 1974 nAM mAgazara vadI 12 nA roja thayele. khaMta, utsAhathI dhIme dhIme AgaLa vadhI mULajI jeThA mArakeTamAM svataMtra vyavasAya sthApI kApaDa vepAranA kSetre AgavI zAkha nirmANa karI zakyA eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu muMbaInI hara kIzana hospITalanA bImAra dardIo mATenA vArSika phaMDa ekatra karavAmAM paNa pitAnI vaga vAparI sevAo ApatAM rahyAM. | zrI lakSmIdAsabhAInA mIlanasAra svabhAvanA kAraNe muMbaI, mULajI jeThA mArakITanA kApaDa mahAjananI kArebArImAM uparA uparI cAra vakhata sarvAnumate cUMTAI AvI kApaDa mahAjananI paNa sevA karI rahyA che. temaja samasta muMbaI lahANu mahAjananI bhAre sevAo karI jJAti prema vyakata karI rahyA che. A sAmAjIka kSetra uparAMta dhArmika kSetre paNa muMbaI kAlabAdevI vistAranA janatAnA pramukha tarIke kArya karI meTA utsa vagerenA AyojanamAM jAte kAma karI Azare 24 varSanI uMmare muMbaImAM mAsika rU. 65 - nI saravIsa zarU hatI te TAIme jaina AcArya bhagavaMtanI preraNAthI bAdhA lIdhI ke ekalAkha rUpIAthI vadhAre mUDI Jain Education Intemational

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992 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 A saMskAra vArase uttarottara cAlyo Ave che. zrI ratilAla gAMgajI zAha paNa evAja pratApI purUSa gaNatA lADakoDamAM ucharelAma sAhyabInA divase paNa jevA chatAM anyanuM duHkha joI pote dravI uThatA zrI ratibhAI gAMgajIne vaidakanuM sAruM evuM jJAna hatuM dareka dharmanA jJAnI hatA. jJAtivAdanA kaTTara duzmana hatA. dareka kAma pratye temane samabhAva hato. cAlyA AvatA vArasAne zrI vajubhAIe barAbara pacAvI jA. asahAya vidyArthIone vidyAdAna karavuM e emane khAsa zekha rahyo che. jIvanamAM keTalAMka kaDaka niyamo paNa pacAvyA che. dhaMdhAmAM mANasane bhAgIdAra banAvyA. amuka rakamathI vadhu rakama maLe te dAna dharmamAM kharcavI. sAdAI choDavI nahi vagere sadguNoe temaja prazasti apAvI kIrtithI haMmezA bhAganArA che. zrI vRjalAlabhAIne pitAnA vatanamAM hospITala bhaviSyamAM ubhI karavAnI maniSA che. hiMdanA lagabhaga badhA ja dhArmika tIrthonuM kuTuMba sAthe pArabhramaNa karyuM che. muMbaI, kalakattA, amadAvAda, pAlItANA, taLAjA vagere sthaLoe temanI sArI evI sakhAvate che. garIbone anAja, vidyArthIone pustaka ApavAmAM jIvanane dhanya gaNe che. zrI vADIlAla maganalAla vorA temaja vividha dhArmika pravRttimAM kAryakarI kAlabAdevI vistAranA janatAnA hRdayamAM eka dharma prema sadagRhastha tarIke mAnabharyuM sthAna meLavI zakyA che eTaluM ja nahi parantu aneka dhArmika kAryomAM udAra hAthe dAna karI dharma pratyenI potAnI pharaja adA karI rahyA che. pitAnA vatana salAyA khAte jJAti vADImAM temaja pUnA khAte AnaMdIbA jalArAma bAlAzramamAM jAte ja jaI AvI tyAMnAM kAryamAM yogya dAna karI sahAyarUpa thayA che. ane pirabaMdara khAte zrI rAmadhUna maMDaLane rU. 2500/pacIsenuM ujavaLa dAna karI maMDaLanA TrasTI tarIkenI sevAo bajAvI rahyA che. uparAMta dvArakAnA jhaTaNIyA (rAya kuMDaliyA) kuLadevI TrasTanA TrasTI tarIke paNa sevAo ApI rahayA che. muMbaImAM kAnabAI kanyA skulamAM sabhAsada tarIke hadaya pUrvaka kAma karI saMsthAne udAra hAthe madadarUpa thaI kanyA keLavaNI pratye pitAnI anokhI bhAvanA vyakata karI rahayA che. zrI vRjalAla ratilAla zAha taLAjA pAse pIthalapuranA vatanI sAmAnya garIbAIne laI zrI vajubhAIne nAnI uMmaramAM ja muMbaI AvavuM paDayuM. ane eka kamizana ejanTanI peDhImAM rahayA. 1940 mAM e kAmane vyApArI anubhava nAnI uMmaramAM ja maLI cUkyo hatA. sAteka varSanI nekarI karI paNa Arthika sthiti vadhune vadhu kathaLatI gaI. kuTumbanI vyavahArika javAbadArIo adA na karI zakayA; chatAM hiMmata hAryA vagara musIbatene sAmane karatA rahyAM sukha duHkhanA taDakA chAyAne vaTAvI AkarI agni kaTane aMte 1945 mAM dhaMdhAnI zarUAta karI paNa mArI na maLI. devuM vadhatuM gayuM. sAmAjika javAbadArIo paNa vahana karavAnI hatI. kaThanAIone gaMja khaDakAyo chatAM muzkelImAM samatA ane zAMti rAkhavAnA emane maLelA vArasAgata saMskAe kayAreya paNa hatetsAha na banyA ane purUSArthanI pagadaMDI cAlu rAkhI krame krame 1953-54 pachI bhAgyane sitAre badalAyo. kaparA divasomAM zrI vRjalAla ratilAla trApajavALA ane dalIcaMda viThThaladAsa hAthasaNIvALAnI eka mAtra huMpha ane preraNAthI jIvanamAM TakI rahevAnuM baLa maLyuM pitAne IzvaramAM ananya zraddhA, niSThA ane pramANikatAne jIvanabhara vaLagI rahevAnuM dRDha manobaLa e badhA saguNo e temanI chellA dazakAmAM ubhI thayelI AbAdImAM mahatvane bhAga bhajavyo, joke temanI pragatine badhA ja yaza teo zrI vajubhAI trAjavALAne Ape che. ane bIjuM preraNAbaLa temanA dharmapatnI zrImatI kAntAbahena paNa muzkela AzvAsamarUpa banyA che. zunyamAMthI sarjana karanAra A purUSArtha vyaktie dUdhanA dhaMdhAne vikasAvavAmAM ghaNo parizrama khe che. zrI vrajalAlabhAInA jIvananI keIpaNa viziSTatA hoya te e ke pitAnA gajavAnI chellI pAI paNa garIbene ApavAmAM saMtoSa anubhavanArA che. muMbaImAM tArAcaMda zAmajInI peDhInA saphaLa saMcAlanamAM moTAbhAI zrI manasukhabhAI sAthe rahIne saphaLa kAmagIrI karI rahyAM che. mIlanasAra ane paropakArI svabhAva che. pitAnI dhaMdhAdArI pravRttio sAthe samAjanA umadA dhyeyane bhUlyA nathI. sArA sagRhastha tarIkenI Atithya satkAranI bhAvanAvALA zrI vADIbhAI ghaNI saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. vyApAramAM paNa teoe ghaNI ja bAhoma vyakita tarIkenI nAmanA meLavI che. zrI vinayakumAra amRtalAla ojhA zrI ojhA 1915 mAM bhAvanagaramAM ja jamyA temanA pitA amRtalAla mULa te umarALAnA paNa pachI te muMbaI gayA ane nAnakaDA kAmanI zarUAtathI mAMDIne jotajotAmAM pacaraMgI zaheranA jANItA udyogapati banI gayA. zrI vinayakumAre muMbaImAM zikSaNa lIdhuM ane vyavahArU anubhavanI DIgrI paNa meLavI dhaMdhAthe teoe yuropano pravAsa paNa karyo. ITAlI tathA jarmanIthI yaMtre paNa maMgAvyA. ane "zIpa ceina phekaTarI" (eziyAmAM AvI sau prathama) zarU karI. phekaTarIne Adhunika yaMtra sAmagrIthI sajaja banAvavA 1961mAM temaNe yuropane pravAsa pharIvAra karyo. mAtra dhaMdhAmAM ja nahI paNa udAra hAthe dAna ApavAmAM paNa zrI vinayakumAra pitAne anusaryA che. mATuMgAmAM zrI amIcaMda vividhalakSI Jain Education Intenational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha zarU karavA mATe temaNe meTuM dAna ApyuM che. A uparAMta zrImatI ajavALIbA bAlamaMdira, mATuMgA ane phargyusana keleja, punAne paNa temaNe sArI evI sahAya ApI che. dhananA saMcaya ke dalAlI karI udAra madada ApIne zrI ojhA dhanano sadaupaga te karI ja rahyA che. paNa keTalIya saMsthAenA prANa pUranArA paNa banyA che. zrI zAmajIbhAI mahetA. - bhUtapUrva bhAvanagara rAjyanA eka nAnA DuMgaranA kapALa vaNIka zrI zAmajIbhAI potAnA vyavasAya aMgenI pravRttio mAMthI pharaja samajI samaya tAravIne sAmAjika hitanA kAryamAM paNa sakriya rasa letA rahe che DuMgara uparAMta sAvarakuMDalA maThThA ane muMbaInI aneka saMsthAone temane anubhava ane mArga darzana uparAMta Arthika sahakArane lAbha prApta thAya che. Aja thI DAka vakhata pahelAM amane muMbaI khAte mu zrI zAmajI bhAIne maLavAnI taka maLI hatI. lagabhaga 70 varSanI vaye paNa je rIte khabaradArIthI dhaMdhAmAM dhyAna ApI rahyA che e joI bhalabhalAne navAI upaje e svabhAvika che. zrI zAmajI bhAI "kIMga opha minaralasa" nAme oLakhAya che. aDadhI bAMyanuM khamIza ane dhotiyuM paherI ahIM tahIM Tebala Tebale pharIne hasatA cahere zrI zAmajI bhAIne kAma letA jevA e eka virala prasaMga che. zrI zAmajIbhAI khanIjanI parakha paLa be paLamAM kayAreka hAthanI capaTI vacce ghasIne, kayAreka suMghIne ane kayAreka jotAnI sAthe ja karI Ape che. hAlamAM temanA mArgadarzana heThaLa temanI audyo gaka peDhIo uttarottara pragati sAdhI rahyAM che. mu. zrI zAmajIbhAInA jaNAvyA mujaba phalAraphAra, kelsIyama, DolemAITa, benTonAITa saSasTona, mArabala, sIlIkA, jIsama, meMgenIjha, grephAITa, phAyarakale, eesTosa, cAInAkale, lAInasTona, bekasAITa ane akIka vagere kula 21 jAtanA khanIja gujarAtanA peTALamAM che ane teno dhaMdhAkiya dRSTie pUrato lAbha zI rIte uThAvavo e prazna vizALa anubhava, dhaMdhAkIya kuneha ane uDe abhyAsa mAMgI le che. temaNe kahyuM ke gujarAtanA lokonI dhaMdhAkIya kuneha ghaNI che. je je gujarAtIoe dezanA minaralsanA vyApArakSetre saphaLa kheDANa karelA che temanI pAsethI avAranavAra salAha sUcana meLavIne ane rAjyanA hitamAM hoya evI vyavahArU nIti apanAvIne ApaNe AgaLa prayANa karavuM joIe. gujarAtamAM khanija udyogano dhAryo vikAsa thAya te bokasAITa ane meMgenIjha jevI khanija saMpatti khUba moTA pramANamAM nikAsa karI zakAya. je khanija udyogane vadhu phAyadAkAraka vikAsa karavA mAMgatA hoIe te sarvAgI dRSTikoNa apanAvIne jarUrI tamAma prakAranI sahAya ane sagavaDo maLI rahe e mATe sagavaDa karI ApavI joIe. je ATaluM thAya te mAtra khanija udyogane kAraNe ja guja rAtanI audyogika tasvIra ghaNI ja asarakAraka rIte badalAI jaze ane gujarAtanuM bhAvi ghaNuM ujajavaLa banaze. zrI zivubhAI vasanajI lAThIyA zrI esa. vI. lAThIyAne janma 15 me 1928 nA saurASTramAM Avela meMdaraDA gAme thayo. muMbaInI vilsana kolejamAM teoe pitAnuM zikSaNa lIdhuM. 1961mAM teoe bI. esasI. nI parIkSA onarsa (HONS) meLavI pAsa karI rabbara Tekanola nA kSetre vadhu ucca abhyAsa karavA teo iMglenDa gayA ane chevaTe rambara TekanolejIne laIne ela. AI. Ara. AI.nI DIplomAMnI padavI meLavI bhArata pAchA pharyA. A pachI teoe 1953mAM ogasTanI 1pamI tArIkhe rambara phekaTarI zarU karI A phekaTarI pahelAM muMbaImAM lemiMTana roDa para hatI paraMtu 195lmAM tene sAkInAkA para pheravavAmAM AvI. A phekaTarI dvArA udyogo mATe rambaranA sAdhano, rambaranA ane rambaranI dorIo vagerenuM utpAdana karavAmAM Ave che. vijJAnanI pragatino lAbha laI udyoganA kSetre pragati sAdhI rahelA zrI lAThIyA sAmAjika kSetre pragrati sAdhavAmAM jarA paNa pAchaLa rahyA nathI. 196pamAM teo "jasTIsa opha pIsa' tarIke nimAyA "muMbaI esosIezana" "bhArata nArI kalyANa samAja nA mAnad khajAnacI tarIke nimAyA. pUrva muMbaInI roTarI kalabanA DAyarekaTara tarIke cuMTAyA 'lAThIyA cerITebala TrasTa ane inDiyana rambara InDasTrIjhanA kAmadAronI proviDanDa phaMDa-samitinA ceramena tarIke nimAyA teoe 'inDiyana kensara sosAyaTI' progresIva grupa' cinamAyA mizana kripaleDa cilDrana sosAyaTI heralDa lAzkI InsTITayuTa opha pAliTIkasa jevI aneka saMsthAonA AzrayadAtA samAna che. ane "inDiyana reDakrosa sosAyaTIne paNa gaNanA pAtra sahAya ApI che. banme esosIezananI sthApanA karanArA teo sakriya sabhya che. A uparAMta teo bIjI vividha prakAranI samitionA sabhya che; jevI ke inDasTrIjha esosIezana, inDiyana rakhara InDasTrIjha esesIzana inDiyana sTAnDajha InsTITayuzana, beDa opha kaMTrola opha inDiyana kAunsila opha menejamenTa ekajhIkayuTIva, samAja zikSaNa maMdira nidhi samiti, mAnava sevA saMdha presiva gupra DIvAIna cAIlDa skUlaphaMDa kAunsila ena varlDakezana eziyA pesiphika Divijhana, keyanAM artha kaveka vikaTImsa eIDa kamiTi vagere AmAM progresiva gupanA sTenDIMga kamiTinA teo sabhya che. jyAre ola inDiyA menya phekacarsaorgenAIjhezananA senTrala kamiTi membara che. A uparAMta ke AmAMnI eLaka jeTalI samitionAM teo A jIvana Jain Education Intenational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 sabhya che. kAra phalega kamiTi 7-68 nA teo sekreTarI hatA evorDa Ape. teo beo inDasTrI esesIezananA upapramukha che. dezanA Arthika vikAsamAM pratyakSa ke parokSa rIte upayogI rambara udyoganA kSetre vadhu pragati sAdhI siddhi hAMsala ane pAyArUpa gaNAtA udyogomAM rambaranI jarUrIyAta e dharatIkaravI ane aneka vidha pravRtti dharAvatI saMkhyAbaMdha samitio mAMthI anAja pedA karavA mATe anivArya gaNAtA pANInI ke saMsthAomAM pratyakSa ke parokSa nANAMkIya ke anya rIte madada jarUrIyAta jevI che. Aje zrI lAThIyA bhAratanA udyoganI karavI e vastu jANe ke zrI esa. vI. lAThIyAne mana jIvana rambara aMge vadhatI jatI mAMgane saMpUrNa rIte pahoMcI vaLavA dhyeya banI gayela che. zrI lADIyA gRhastha jIvanamAM paNa eTalAM tanatoDa prayatna karI rahyAM che. eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu deza mATe ja bhAgyavaMtA che. teone patnI che ane traNa putra che. rambara videzI hUMDiyANa meLavI kamAI rambaranAnI blekeTanI nikAsa udyoga ane anya pravRttio pAchaLa rekAelAM zrI lAThIyAne paNa karI rahyAM che. rambaranA sAdhana aMgenI udhogenI vadhatI be prakAranAM zekha che. vAMcana ane pheTogrAphI. jatI mAMgane pahoMcI vaLavA amadAvAda khAte AvI ja rambaranI phekaTarI zarU karavAmAM AvI che. teoe bhAratamAM vividha sthaLoe musApharI A rIte esa. vI. lAThIyA rambara udyogamAM sAdhela karela che. rambara TekanolojI kSetre thayelI Adhunika vikAsa ane pragatine kAraNe dezanI Arthika pragatimAM mahatvane pragatine abhyAsa karavA zrI lAThIyA pAMcavAra iMglenDa, phALe ApI rahyAM che ane pitAnuM tathA bhAratanuM nAma jApAna ane barmA jaI Avela che. rambaranI (dhAbaLIonI) vizvamAM rozana karI rahyAM che. nikAsa karavA mATe siMgApora, hoMgakoMga ane osTreliyA paNa jaI AvyA che. siMgAporamAM thayela seminAramAM paNa bhAra zrI sumatIcaMdrabhAI zAha tanA pratinidhi tarIke hAjarI ApI AvyA che. teoe rakharanA sAdhananuM utpAdana zarU karyuM. rambaranI (blekeTasa) sva. kuMvarajI devazInuM nAma kuMvarajI devazI enDa kuM. banAvavI zarU karI. bhAratamAM prathamavAra spesiva zrInkIMga prA. lI. sAthe saMkaLAyela che. kuMvarajIbhAI zrI zivajIbhAInA reMja ane IvAseTa rambara slIjhanuM utpAdana ane niyaMtraNa | nAnA bhAI thAya. saumya ane sevAbhAvI kuMvarajIbhAIe zarUzarU karyuM. vakenAIjha yukata rambaranA ane rambaramAMthI bIjA AtamAM maDhaDA pAse khetIno vyavasAya zarU karyo. ane patnI vividha sAdhananuM utpAdana karI mahatvanuM gaNI zakAya evuM putra tathA bhatrIjInA jIvanamAM bhege paNa jala pralaya vakhate rU. 2 karoDanuM videzI huMDIyAmaNuM prathamavAra bacAvyuM. bhArata temaNe beDIMganA ogaNIsa bALakane bacAvyAM hatAM. thoDA tamAM ekamAtra khUba ja Adhunika ane saMpUrNa sAdhanevALI samaya bAda 1914mAM kuMvarajIbhAIe vaDIla baMdhu zrI zivateonI rambaranI phekaTarI che. A phekaTarImAM pUSkaLa sAdhane jIbhAInAM AzirvAda sAthe muMbaImAM hArDaverane vepAra zarU vALI leboreTarIne paNa samAveza thAya che, jene vistAra karyo. A eka sAmAnya sAhasamAM emane uttarottara saphaLatA 43000 corasa phUTa che. 23 okaTobara 1966 nA divase maLatI gaI eTaluM ja nahIM paNa emanA A sAhasamAM ja kArakhAnAnA prathama udghATana nimitte teoe kezoda TI. bI. bhAratanA atyaMta bhavya evI eka audyogika saMsthAne pAye hospITalane moTI rakamanuM phaMDa ApyuM. anya saMsthAone naMkhA kuMvarajIbhAI 1921 mAM 38 varSanI yuvAna vaye paNa badhI maLIne lagabhaga 20,000 nI madada karI. A avasAna pAmyA. kuMvarajIbhAInAM avasAna bAda kuMvarajI uparAMta saMzodhana tabibi rAhata ucca zikSaNanI prApti vagere devazI enDa ku. ne vahIvaTa emanA bhatrIjA zrI sudhAkara mATe Arthika sahAya pUrI pADavA lAThIyA cerITebala TrasTanI ane zrI sumaticaMdrane hastaka AvyuM tyAre prathama vizvayuddhane sthApanA karI. aMta AvyuM hatuM ane dezamAM vyApAra udyoganA kSetramAM bhAre maMdI AvI hatI. AthI sudhAkarabhAI maDhaDAmAM kuMvarajIbhArata sarakAre prathamavAra ja videzI AyAtane pahoMcI bhAInuM khetIvADInuM kAmakAja saMbhALavA gayA ane sumaticaMdra vaLavA mATe rabaranA blekeTa utpAdana vadhAravA mATe rokaDa muMbaInI peDhInuM kAmakAja saMbhALyuM. zrI sumaticaMdranI dhagaza rakamanuM moTuM InAma ApavAnI jAherAta karI ane A prakAranA dhyAnapAtra che. to mitra vartulane sadAya vistAravAnI emanI utpAdanane vikAsa zrI lAThIyAe bhAratabharamAM prathamavAra thoDI AvaData paNa prazaMsApAtra che. mAtra cIlAcAlu vyavasAyathI paNa videzI madada lIdhA vinA pitAnAM ja prayatna dvArA sAdhya saMteSa mAnavAne badale avanavA siddhinA kSetro sara karavAne vizva bharamAM rambaranI glaeNkeTa utpAdana karanArA mAtra gaNyA emane utsAha preraka ane anukaraNIya paNa che. hArDaveranA gAMThayA ja che. udyoganI suMdara pragati ane tene lIdhe dezane kAmakAja uparAMta emaNe mila sTorsanA vyApAranI zarUAta thayela phAyadAne kAraNe 17mI DIsembara 1969nA roja rASTra- karI ane mIlAne hojha pAIpa pUrI pADavA mAMDI. 1932mAM patizrIe dilhInA rASTrapati bhavana khAte zrI lAThIyAne emanA mitra ane bebe phAyara brigeDanA vaDA mi narmana Jain Education Interational

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yArI ApI ane TekasTAIla mazInarI lAInamAM pitAnuM nAma prathama haroLamAM mUkayuM. 18-4-53nA roja temano svargavAsa thaye. Aje temanA suputra dhaMdhA nI javAbadArI vahana karI rahyAM che. pote ghaNA ja dharmapremI ane jJAtihItanI pravRttimAM madada karatA hatAM. paMcAla yuvaka maMDaLa sAthe saMkaLAyelA hatA. paMcAla yuvaka maMDaLane 1947mAM rUA. 80000/- aMzI hajAranuM eka TrasTa banAvIne ApyuM che temanI udAratAnI pratiti karAve che. temanI ku. bhaviSyamAM paNa Teka TAila udyogamAM navI mazInarI banAvavAno plAna che. smRti saMdarbha graMtha kumbase emane AgazAmaka sAdhanane vyAyAra zarU karavAnI salAha ApI. A uparAMta phAyara hojhanI iMglenDanI mazahura peDhI luITa enDa TAilara li. nA adhikArI mi. rUtharaphe emane phAyara hojhane vyApAra vikasAvavA samajAvyA Ama A paraspara pUraka gaNAya evA navA vyApAra udyoga mATe sumaticaMdra vicAraNA karatA hatA tyAM 1939 mAM bIjA vizvayuddhanI zarUAta thaI vilIyama jekasa enDa kAM li. nA adhikArI mi. viliyama sannAnA sahakArathI AgazAmaka sAdhanonuM vecANa zarU karyuM. A samaya daramIyAna sumaticaMdra ApaNA dezamAM ja AgazAmaka sAdhana banAvavAnI yojanA ghaDatA rahyAM ane emane eka AgazAmaka sAdhananuM utpAdana zarU paNa karyuM. prathamathI emaNe ja guNavattA para khUba ja dhyAna ApyuM. zarRAtamAM briTiza utpAdakanI hariphAIne sAmano karavo paDyo. paNa bhArata sarakAranA vAsatuka khAtAnA markanTAIla marIna vibhAge emanI kaMpanInAM AgazAmaka sAdhana phAyarekasane mAnyatA arpaNa karI ane 1954 thI A kaMpanI AgazAmaka sAdhane purAM pADanAra agragaNya peDhI gaNAI. sumaticaMdranI eka noMdhapAtra vizeSatA e che ke niSNAta Ijanero, Tekaniziyana vagerenI teo yegya pasaMdagI karI zake che. zrImatI saralAbena zrI sumaticaMdranA dharmapatnI zrImatI saralAbena kaMpanInA DIrekaTara tarIke sevA bajAve che. paNa ethIye vadhu emanI sAmenA emanA saujanya ane sevAbhAvI svabhAvane AbhArI che. zrI araviMdanA tatvajJAna pramANe jIvana kema ghaDAya temanuM emaNe potAnA jIvana dvArA jIvaMta udAharaNa ApyuM che. teo jANItA samAja sevikA uparAMta lekhikA paNa che paraMtu emanuM jIvana mukhyatve zrI aravindanA AdhyAtmika upadezonI AsapAsa kendrita thayeluM che. pAMDIcerInA zrI araviMda AzramanI AdhyAtmika pravRttiomAM teo UMDe rasa dharAve che. ane zrI mAtAjInA teo parama prItI pAtra banyA sumaticaMdra ane saralAbahena Adeza dAmpatyanuM preraka udAharaNa che. prArabdha ane puruSArthe saMpatti ApI to e saMpattine yazcita sadupayoga paNa A daMpatI karI rahela che. zrI mistrI aMbAlAla jeThArAma zrI IzvaralAlabhAI desAI surata jillAnA vatanI, vidyApIThanA vinIta, niDara patrakAra lekhaka ane samAja, sevaka tarIke temanuM kAma ane nAma mekharerA che. gAMdhI -saradAra ane kalyANajIbhAI mahetA pAsethI jAhera jIvananuM preraNAtmaka bhAthu maLyuM che. jene laI jIvanabhara Arthika bhIDa hovA chatAM svAzraya ane ravamAna pUrvaka jIvana jIvI Aja sudhI aDaga rahyAM che. surata jillAnA sakriya rAjakAraNamAM zaikSaNika ane anya sAMskRtika pravRttiemAM temanI noMdhapAtra kAmagIrI che. lekhana vAMcananA temanA zokhane paNa jALavI rAkhyo che. hAlamAM surata jillAne svAtaMtrya itihAsa lakhI rahyAM che. te agAu paNa keTalAMka pustaka lakhyA che. zrI kApelabhAI talakacaMda keTaDIyA sAbarakAMThA jillAmAM sahakArI pravRtti ane zrI kapilabhAI koTaDIyA paryAya zabda banI gayA che. kapilabhAI mULa hiMmatanagara tAlukAnA beraNa gAmanA paNa kelejanI tejasvI kArakIdi pachI vakIlAta karavA hiMmatanagaramAM sthAyI banyA bIjI sAmAjIika pravRttiomAM evA khUMpI gayA ke vakIlAta vegaLI rahI gaI ATalI nAnI uMmaramAM temaNe sahakArI kSetre ghaNA vikrama naMdhAvyA che bombe sTeTa ke. opareTiva beMkanA hiMmatanagara brAncanA ceramena, moDAsA speziyala projekaTanI sahakArI kamiTinA ceramena, beo sTeTa ko. opareTiva beMkanA DIrekaTara gujarAta DIvIjhanala ko-opareTiva barDa amadAvAdanA DIrekaTara, sAbarakAMThA ji9lA kharIda ane vecANa saMghanA mAnad sekreTarI ane bombe sTeTa ko-opareTiva beMkanI le kamiTi ane ekajhIkayuTiva kamiTinA sabhyanA gauravavaMtA sthAne teoe sevA ApI che. hAla teo ghaNI sahakArI saMsthAonA ceramena, sabhya ke DIrekaTara che. sAbarakAMThA DisTrIkaTa ko-opareTiva berDane sarvodaya hAusiMga ko-opareTiva sosAyaTInA ane hiMmatanagara egrIkalacarala preDayusa mArkeTa kamiTinA ceramena hiMmatanagara sAbarakAMThA DIsTrIkaTa senTrala ke-opareTiva beMkanA ane sAbarakAMThA DIsTrIkaTa ke-opareTiva khAdI ane grAmodyoga maMDaLanA upa amadAvAda tathA gujarAtamAM TekasTAIla mazInarI banAva. nArAomAM mistrI aMbAlAlabhAInuM nAma prathama harolamAM mUkI zakAya. uttara gujarAtanA jagudana gAmanA vatanI gujarAtI cAra dhoraNa sudhInA ja abhyAsa paNa pitAnI vicakSaNa buddhi ane haiiyA ukalatane kAraNe 1929mAM zarU karela dhaMdhAmAM kame krame sArI pragati karatA rahyAM. caDatI paDatInA ghaNA prasaMge paNa AvyA temAMthI hiMmata-pUrvaka mArga kADhatA rahyAM. kudarate Jain Education Intemational

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mAhItI saMsthA che. A Asa eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 pramukha sAbarakAMThA jillA kharIda ane vecANa saMghanA ane temanI pragati vegavAna banI. dardIomAM temanI zakti ane sTeTa ko-opareTiva esesIezana ema ghaNI jagyAe prabhAva vadhatA gayA tema tema teo vadhAre khyAti pAmyA. temanI sevAo patharAyelI che. vizvanA ghaNA dezonI sarepha jaI AvyA che. muMbaI ane dezanI ghaNI saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che InDIyA reDIyo zrI kAkubhAI Thakakara lejIkala esosIezananA pramukha tarIke, vizvanI reDIyejIbhAvanagaranA vatanI che. sAmAnya abhyAsa paNa zarUthI kala sosAyaTInI AMtararASTrIya kamiTinA sabhya tarIke, ja vyApAra dhaMdhAmAM vizeSa abhIrUcI hovAne kAraNe dhaMdhAnI muMbaInI DIleja yunivarsiTInA prophesara tarIke, je. pI. zarUAta karIyANAnA vyApArathI karI-keTalAka anubhava pachI tarIke temanI suvAsa ane sakriya kAmagIrI nedhapAtra che. 1968 thI plAsTIkanI phekaTarI zarU karI. paNa vacce thoDo pitAnA kSetramAM yazabhAgI banavA bhagavAna svAminArAyaNanI samaya dhaMdhAmAM paDatI AvI-1964 thI vaLI pragatinuM preraNA ane kRpAdRSTine teo AbhArI gaNe che. ghaNA ja AzAkiraNa dekhAyuM ane 1968 thI vadhAre kaparA divaso paragaju ane udAra svabhAvanA che. ane A varSanA ekaTamAM joyA-1973 pachI sthiratA prApta thayela che. dhaMdhAkIya sthi- penamAM bharAnArI reDIyolejanI AMtara rASTrIya koMgresamAM ratA ubhI thavAmAM mitrenI huMpha ane beMka tathA sarakArI bhAratIya pratinidhi tarIke hAjarI ApavA janAra che. sAdhananI madade mahatvane bhAga bhajavyuM. sAmAjika pravRttimAM-lehANA sevAmaMDaLanA pramukha tarIke, bhAvanagaka mela zrI guNavaMtarAya sAkaralAla purohita. InDasTrIjha esesIezana, reDakrosa, kuTuMbaniyejana, kaNabI janma ghoghA tAlukAnA bhIkaDA gAme. 1932 thI rASTrIya vADa keLavaNI maMDaLa vigere saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. caLavaLa ane grAma sevAnA kAryamAM joDAyA hatA. bhAvanagara bhAratanA ghaNA sthaLonuM paribhramaNa karyuM che. bhaviSyamAM laghu mahuvA TrAmavenA bhADA vadhArAnA AMdolanamAM kAma karyuM hatuM. udyogamAM paDavAnI AkAMkSA seve che. krikeTanA khAsa 1938-39 rAjakoTa satyAgrahanI banne laDatamAM bhAga lIdhe zekhIna che. prajA pariSadanA adhivezanamAM AgaLa rahI kAma karyuM khAdI zrI kAntilAla amRtalAla salAta pravRttine abhyAsa karyA bAda bhAvanagaramAM grAmodyoga pravRtti ane vAtAvaraNa UbhA karyA. betAlIzanA AdelanamAM zarUtaLAjA pAsenA dAThAnA vatanI paNa ghaNA varSothI pAlI- AtamAM muMbaImAM rahI ane pAchaLathI saurASTra, gujarAta ane tANAne vatana banAvyuM che, meTrIka sudhIno abhyAsa 1944 rAjasthAnamAM koMgresanA Adeza mujaba pitAnI rIte mAIlenA thI pAlItANAmAM davAne vepAra zarU karyo. tyAre uchInA nANA vistAramAM tAranA doraDAo kApavA ane thAMbhalAo upAlaIne dhaMdhAnI zarUAta karelI. paNa je paribaLe e temanI DavA, TreIne uthalAvavI ane lUMTAvI, TapAla lUMTAvI polIsa Aja sudhInI pragatimAM je kAMI bhAga bhajavyo te che temanI thANa lUMTavA vagere pravRttio karI umarALAnI jelamAMthI 14 utkRSTa bhAvanA; saMskAra baLa ane nIti dharaNe mAlanuM pauMDanI lAkhaDI cheDI sAthe ane bIjI vakhata polIsa thANuMvecANa vagere kAraNe mukhyatve gaNI zakAya. 1942 nI mAMthI polIsa menenI vaccethI nAsI chuTayA hatA. 1947 - laDatamAM svayaMsevaka tarIke paNa kAma karyuM rASTrIyatAnA deza- mAM junAgaDhanI leka krAMtimAM ArajhI hakumatanI senAnI tarIke vyApI juvALamAM zrI kAntibhAI. paNa kheMcAyA. ane tene zrI purohite zaurya ane hiMmatabharyuM kAma karyuM. pharI 1948 laIne vakhate vakhatanA rASTrIya ane dhArmika prasaMge kuMDa- mAM kAzI vidyApIThamAM joDAyA ane 1949 mAM zAstrInI phALAomAM paNa yathAzakita sahakAra Ape che. Aje paNa upAdhi meLavI. parIkSAnA chellA varSamAM prAcIna hiMdu temanI sAmAjika pravRttiomAM-lAyansa kalaba, ejyukezana- rAjyataMtra viSaya upara nibaMdha lakhyA che. 1939 thI 1950 sosAyaTI jaina sevA samAja vagere saMsthAo sAthe teo sudhI relvenA sAta lAkha karmacArIonA maMDaLomAM kAma karyuM saMkaLAyelA che. vAMcanane paNa pote zekha dharAve che chele majadura saMdhamAM maMtrI tarIke kAmagIrI bajAvI che. Do. kAtilAla nAgaradAsa kAmadAra zrI gokaLadAsa mohanalAla paTela boTAdanA vatanI paNa ghaNA varSethI muMbaImAM reDI zrI gokaLadAsa paTele bhAvanagaramAM mAdhyamika zikSaNa lejanA khyAtanAma DokaTara tarIke jANItA banelA zrI kAmadAra meLavI amadAvAdamAMthI grejyueTa thayelA hAIskUlamAM vidyArthIsAhebe 1947mAM ema. bI. bI. esa. pAsa thayA pachI maMDaLanA pramukhasthAnethI mAMDI nAnA moTA aneka saMgaphUnamAM janarala prekaTIsa zarU karI. ane 1953 mAM reDIyejInI AgevAnI bharyo bhAga bhajavyo hato. thoDA samaya lIlIyA prekaTIsa zarU karI. jIvanamAM kAMIka karI chUTavAnI prabaLa mane- myunIsipAlITImAM ane te pachI amarelI sahakArI pravRttimAM bhAvanAne kAraNe ane uttarottara thayelA anubahene laIne rasa laI maMDaLIone egenAIjha karavAmAM ThIka jahemata Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 997 lIdhelI. amarelI nAgarIka benkanA menejIMga DIrekaTara tarIke tAluka kharIda vecANa saMdhanA eDamInIsTreTara tarIke mAkeTIMga yArDanA maMtrI tarIke tathA amarelInI aneka nAnI moTI saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA. amarelI jillA sahakArI benkanA pramukha tarIke kAmagIrI bajAvI. Do. cInubhAI jagannAtha nAyaka "bhAratanA nATayazAstramAMthI maLatI sAMskRtika vigate" e viSaya para mahAnibaMdha lakhIne gujarAta yunivarsiTInI pI. eca. DI. nI padavI prApta karanAra samagra nAyaka-bhejaka jJAtimAM teo sau prathama che. jIvanamAM sva. puruSArtha karIne aneka muzkelIono sAmano karIne, vidyAnA kSetramAM pragati sAdhI che. sarakArI nokarI karatAM karatAM temaNe 1956mAM bI. e. nI DigrI meLavI. tyArabAda ema. e. mAM "prAcIna bhAratIya saMskRti' viSaya laIne I sa. 1958mAM gujarAta yunivarsiTImAM dvitIya vargamAM prathama sthAna meLavyuM hatuM. muMbai rAjya taraphathI trIjA varganA ophisare mATenI zikSaNa khAtAnI parIkSAmAM prathama varga prApta karIne samagra muMbaI rAjyamAM sau prathama sthAna prApta karyuM hatuM. i. sa. 1959thI Aja dina sudhI eca ke. ArTasa kolejamAM bhAratIya saMskRti viSayanA prAdhyApaka tarIke je sevAo ApI vidyAthIonI AlamamAM je khyAti prApta karI che tenAthI sau gaurava anubhave che. zrI gAtrALa bhejaka hitavardhaka samAja, amadAvAdanA maMtrI tarIke zrI mahIpatarAma mAstara sAhebanA traNeya TrasTamAM menejiMga TrasTI tarIke temaja aneka saMsthAomAM uttama sevAo ApI rahyA che. gujarAta itihAsa pariSadanA maMtrI tarIke je kArya bajAvI rahyA che ane gujarAtanA temaja bhAratanA itihAsa saMzodhanamAM je rasa laI rahyA che temaja gujarAta yunivarsiTI ane saurASTra yunivarsiTImAM 'bhAratIya saMskRti' viSayanI abhyAsa samitinA sabhyapade rahIne je sevAo ApI rahyA che tenI paNa saharSa noMdha levI ja joIe. zrI caMdrakAntabhAI DI. zAha emAM, rAhata, duSkALanA kAmamAM samaya zakitanA bhoge paNa satatapaNe kAryazIla rahetA hoya che. hiMdanA badhAja sthaLenuM paryaTana karyuM che. ghaNAja bhAvanAzALI yuvAna kAryakara che. zrI caMpakalAla maganalAla dhArIyA suratanA vatanI-sAta dhoraNa sudhI ja abhyAsa paNa draDha manobaLa satyaniSThA ane zubha bhAvanAnA preraka paribaLoe temanA jIvananuM ghaDatara judI rIte ja karyuM aneka jAtanA anubhavenA tANAvANAmAMthI pasAra thayAM. duHkhI divasemAM paNa hiMmatapUrvaka nIti nyAyane rAhane vaLagI rahevAnI saMjIvanI sAMpaDI. 1940thI 1960 sudhImAM je kaMI kAma hAtha dharyuM temAM niSphaLatA maLI paNa e anubhavomAMthI je kAMI amRta bhAthu lAgyuM tene laIne 1960 pachI dhaMdhAmAM sthiratA ubhI thaI ane Aje dhaMdhAne ghaNokharo kArabhAra putrone seMpI pote haLavA banyA che. sArvajanika kSetre temanI sAmAjika ane dhArmika sevA paNa noMdhapAtra che. surata-khaMbhAtI kSatrIya samAjanA upapramukha tarIke, dhArmika maMdiranA TrasTI tarIke ane surata vaNakaranI saMsthA ke. e. sesAyaTInA plAnakamiTi ceramena tarIke sakriya kAmagIrI rahI che. garIba ane sAmAnya vyakitao taraphanI temanI madada ane sahAnubhUti Arthika sahAya ApavA apAvavAmAM rahelI che. ghaNuja nikhAlAsa hRdayanA che. zrI caMdravadana kezavalAla pArekha pratApI pitAnA pratApI putra tarIke vyApArI pratiSThA sAthe samAja sevAmAM yathAzakita dAna ApI ujavaLa nAmanA meLavanAra zrI caMdravadanabhAI pArekha mavAnA vatanI che. sevA ane sakhAvatI bhAvanAnA vArasA sAthe meTrIka sudhIno abhyAsa karI zrI caMdravadanabhAIe pitAzrI pAsethI preraNA laI muMbaImAM 151thI sImenTa vagerenI AiTamanA vyavasAyanI zarUAta karI jemAM ekadhArI pragati sAdhI che. dhaMdhArthe yuropa-amerikA ane InDIyAnA moTAbhAganA sthaLenuM pari. bramaNa karyuM che. mavA yuvaka samAja dvArA vakhate vakhatanA nAnA moTA sArvajanika kAmomAM A kuTuMbe dAnanuM jharaNuM vahAvyuM che mahuvAnI hospITalamAM pitAzrIne nAme moTI rakamanI sakhAvata uparAMta lAIbrerImAM paNa sArI rakama ApI che. muMbaImAM mA yuvaka samAja lAyansa kalaba ane ghaNI lekala saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAelA che. temanI samAja sevAnI dhagazane purA temaNe ApelA dAnanI vigatamAMthI maLI surendranagara jillAnA lImaDInA vatanI che. 1951thI muMbaImAM vasavATa karyo che. zarUAtamAM nokarI ane pachI 195thI oTomobAIlasanA dhaMdhAnI zarUAta karI jemAM ekadhArI pragati karI rahyAM che. svayaMbaLeja A dhaMdhAmAM teo AgaLa AvyA che. dhaMdhAnI zarUAta sAtheja sAmAjika pravRttiomAM paNa AgevAnI bharyo bhAga bhajave che. surendra nagara mitramaMDaLanA sekreTarI, jhAlAvADa sezyala gRpanA maMtrI, mATuMgA gujarAtI keLavaNI maMDaLa, vRddhAzrama, baherAmuMgA anAthAzrama; sI. yu. zAha TI. bI. hospITala, pIpasa ke. e. barDa vagere aneka saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. sAmAjika saMsthAone pagabhara karavA nAnA meTA phaMDaphALA rahe che. zrI jayaMtilAla zAMtilAla jeThArI saurASTranA haLavadanA vatanI ane hAla amadAvAdamAM chetalA ghaNA varSothI Ayarna panA dhaMdhAmAM pragati karI rahelA Jain Education Intemational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 zrI jayaMtabhAIe 1974mAM dhrAMgadhrA mukAme bharAyelA kAThiyA- vADa rAjakIya pariSada vakhate svayaMsevaka tarIke sArI evI kAmagIrI karelI. te pachI keTaleka samaya kemIkasanA sesamena tarIke ola InDIyAne pravAsa karyo. ane samaya jatAM mitronI huMpha ane preraNAne kAraNe amadAvAdamAM Aje sthira thayAM che. Ayarna skepa ane kosejhIna ejI enDa kendra kaTarsanA dhaMdhAmAM AgaLa AvyA che. temanI A pragati zrI manasukhabhAI pArekha, zrI subodhacaMdra ratilAla zAha ane maganalAla mANekacaMdanI haMpha ane sahakArane AbhArI che. uparAMta zrI nagInadAsa gAMdhI ane vADIlAla mehanalAla zAhanI preraNAe paNa temanA vikAsamAM sAro rasa lIdho hato. sAmAnya sthitimAMthI AgaLa AvanAra zrI jayaMtibhAie nAnA moTA phaMDaphALAomAM ane vyakitagata rAhatanA praznomAM paNa dilanI amIrAtanI pratIti karAvI che. zrI dulAbhAI AtAbhAI bhAdroDanA vatanI ane sAta gujarAtI sudhIno ja abhyAsa jAherakSetre paMcAyata ane sahakArI pravRttimAM ghaNuM varSothI paDyA che. jillA kalaborDanA sabhya tarIke mahuvA kha. va. saMghanI kArobArImAM paMcaLA Ayara jJAtinI beDiMga ane jJAtinA maMtrI tarIke, duSkALa vakhate sthAnika maMtrI tarIke mavA khAdI barDanI kamiTimAM ane kheDUtanA je te praznomAM kAmagIrI karI che. mahuvA tAlukA paMcAyatanA pramukha tarIke paNa ThIka samaya kAma karyuM che. zrI nAthubhAI nAgaradAsa zAha - valasADanI agragaNya vyApArI peDhI narottama viThaladAsa enDa sansanA saphaLa sUtradhAra tarIke jeo chellA be dAyakAthI saMcAlana karI rahyAM che. meTrIka sudhIne ja abhyAsa paNa ghaNA kuzaLa vyApArI tarIkenA nAnI uMmaramAM ja tenAmAM darzana thayAM. vyApAra uparAMta sAmAjika sevA bhAvanAthI paNa raMgAyelA. roTarI kalaba, valasADanI kasturabA hospITala, sArvajanika keLavaNI maMDaLa, kelemAM, zALAomAM vyApArI maMDaLamAM ema aneka sthaLe ane saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. bhaviSyamAM pote kemIkala InDasTrIjhamAM jhaMpalAvavAnI khyAyeza dharAve che. temanA pitAzrI nAgaradAsabhAIne tA. 22-2 69 nA roja svargavAsa thayA. teo paNa evA ja bhalA, paropakArI ane paragajU svabhAvanA hatA. A kuTuMbanA vaDA tarIke zrI ramaNabhAI vaDIla che. teo paNa peDhImAM ane sArvajanika kAmamAM sAro rasa le che. zrI naMdalAlabhAI gAMdhI surendranagara jillAnA lImaDInA vatanI ghaNA varSothI muMbaImAM vasavATa karI rahyAM che. pitAnA vyavasAyamAMthI zakya teTalo samaya roja roja phAjala pADIne samAjasevAnA nAnA meTA kAmamAM sArU kAma ApI rahyAM che. prasiddhi ane nAmanAthI hamezA dUra bhAgyA che. jIvanamAM kAMIka karyuM hovA chatAM kazuM ja nathI karyuM e manebhAva temanA mukha upara jevA maLe che. surendranagara mitramaMDaLa ane surendranagaranI nAnI meTI tamAma saMsthAomAM eka yA bIjI rIte temanuM yazasvI pradAna rahyuM che. zrI naMdalAlabhAI cunilAlabhAI somapurA bhAratamAM prAcIna-arvAcIna zilpa sthApatya, vizALakAya prAsAdo ane maMdira nirmANanI vividha zailI ane svarUpA pramANenuM kalAtmaka bAMdhakAma jALavI rAkhavAmAM somapurA zilpIonuM bhAre moTuM pradAna raheluM che. A klA kasabImAM nAmanA meLavanArAomAM zrI naMdalAlabhAI semapurAne paNa prathama haroLamAM mUkI zakAya. zilpazAstra ane sthApatyakalAnuM pratyakSa jJAna vArasAmAM meLavyuM. gujarAtI cAra dhoraNa sudhI ja abhyAsa paNa bacapaNathI aitihAsika prAcIna saMzodhana ane sthApatyanI uMDI vigato meLavavAnI laganIe Aje teo khUba ja khyAtanAma banyA che. temanI dIrdhadaSTi ane UMDI samaja-sUjhanI pratIti temaNe Aja sudhImAM karelA nIcenA bhavya kAmo uparathI thAya che. bIlDIMga kAmo jevAM ke-digambara dharmazALa, khuzAla bhuvana, cAMdabhuvana, sAhityamaMdira tathA bejAnI majIda, prAsAda zilpanA mukhya kAmamAM rAjakoTa caudharI hAIskUla sAme pArzvanAthanuM maMdira, surendranagaranuM covIza jInAlaya vaDhavANanuM zAntinAtha prAsAda, muMbaI cembaramAM rUSabhadeva jaina prAsAda, ghATakoparamAM munisuvrata svAmiprAsAda, dahIsaramAM prAsAda, pAlItANuM kesarIyAnagara vagere uparAMta ghelA somanAtha ema eka jeTalA nAnAmoTA prAsAdo jirNoddhAra ane tenI racanAmAM zrI naMdalAlabhAInI vicakSaNa zakitae kAma karyuM che. je prekaTIkala kAmagIrI Aje sthApatyanA mahAna sajana sudhI vikasAvI che. uparAMta mArabalanI navI zodhanI dizAmAM temanA prayatno cAlu che. bhAratanA meTA bhAganA tInuM paribhramaNa karyuM che. nAnAmoTA phaMDaphALAomAM paNa A kalAkAre sArI deNagI karI che. pAlItANAnA maMdire, bhUtezvara, nAganAtha, bhIDabhaMjana, bhavAnI, lakSmInArAyaNa vageremAM sArI sakhAvate karI che. sepurA vidyAthI chAtrAlaya ane ghaNI jaina dhArmika saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. zrI prabhudAsa khuzAlabhAI paTela vAcana-manana-ciMtana ane pravAsanA pitAnA zekhane kAraNe ghaNo bahoLo jana saMparka keLavI sAmAjika praznone samajatAM gayAM tyAre zauryanI bhAvanA sAthe jAhera jIvanamAM Jain Education Intenational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha khUba ja AgaLa AvyA khata-jussA ane zubhadaSTithI prerAine samAjasevA ane sahakArIkSetre aneka javAbadArIbharyAM sthAne rahIne sevA ApI rahyA che. zrI baroDA senTrala-kee. benka vaDodarAnA pramukha tarIke, dhI pIpalsa ke e. benka lI. vaDodarAnA pramukha tarIke, baroDA senTrala apanA bajAra vaDodarAnA upapramukha tarIke, yuni. ke. epa. Insyu. sosAyaTI lI. nA DAyarekaTara tarIke, gujarAta sTe. ke. e. enka tathA jillA sTeITa ane nezanala levalanI bIjI saha kArI saMsthAomAM DAyarekaTara pade Aje paNa temanu yazasvI kAma jANItu che. be putro ane eka putrI sAthe kula pAMca mANasanuM kuTuMba rASTrIya rage ragAyelu che. zrI pUrNAMza kara bejanAtha sAmburA vaDhavANanA vatanI-pAMca gujarAtI sudhInA ja abhyAsa paNa na:nI umarathI dhaMdhAkIya pravRttiemAM vizeSa abhIrUcI hAvAne kAraNe 14 varSanI uMmarathI dhaMdhAmAM jhaMpalAvyuM. phAyara kale tathA sIlIkAsenDa ane khanIja udyogamAM Aje teo surendranagara jillAnA thAnamAM audyogika pravRtti karI rahyAM che. gujarAtamAM sau prathama sIlIkAsenDa sUraja devaLa pAsethI vipula pramANamAM nIkaLe che. tenI zeAdha karI ane audyogika krAMtinA maMDANu karavAnA keTaloka yaza zrI pUchyuMzakarabhAI ne phALe jAya che. thAnagaDha mInarala eseAsIezananA pramukha tarIke ane bIjI ghaNI sAmAjika sasthAe sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. uparAMta atyAre thAnamAM cAlatI poTarInu saphaLa saMcAlana ane tenA uttarAttara vikAsamAM temanI buddhi zaktino upayoga karI rahyAM che. bhAratanA ghaNA tI sthAnAnI mulAkAta lIdhI che. sApurA vidyAthI chAtrAlayane rUpIyA pAMca hajAranuM dAna ApyuM che. dhArmika pravRttiomAM vizeSa karIne rasa tye che. zrI pAlAbhAI bhagavAnabhAi bAraDe saDukArI kSetre ghaNA varSoMnI jemanI sevAe paDI che. te zrI pAlabhAI mItIyAjanA vatanI che. garIba kheDuta kuTu bamAM temane janma ane uchera thaye hAvAne kAraNe svaya preraNAthI abhyAsamAM uttarottara AgaLa vadhavAnI laganI lAgI. junAgaDhanI bahAudRna kAlejamAM 1957 mAM hIsTrI polITIkasanA viSaya sAthe bI. e. nI parIkSA khInna varSamAM pasAra karI hUkArI pravRttinA vaTu zikSaNa arthe pUnA. ke. ApareTIva TreInIMga kolejamAM eka varSanA kAsa karI eca. DI. sI. mAM tAlIma laI khInna vargomAM parIkSA pasAra karI koDInAra tAlukAmAM benkIMga yuniyana je namUnedAra sahakArI saMsthA tarIke bhAratabharamAM mahujhura che. tenA menejara pade chelA daza varSa thI satata cazasvI kAmagIrI bajAvatA rahyAM che. AdhyAtmika vicArothI pUrA raMgAyelA che. dezanA vikAsamAM Jain Education Intemational 999 sahakArI pravRttine teo mahatvanuM sAdhana gaNe che. baugha bAbubhAI kalyANajI meANaparanA vatanI che. meANapara gAme chellA vIza varSathI tadRna ii davAkhAnuM calAve che. jillA paMcAyatanI Arogya kimiTanA ceramena pade tAlukA paMcAyatanA sabhya tarIke, sahakArI maMDaLImAM kamiTinA sabhya tarIke bhUtakALamAM jillA lAkala enA sabhya tarIke pI. esa. pI. nA sakriya kArya kara tarIke ema judI judI rIte kAma karatA rahyAM che. ghaNA ja utsAhI ane dhagazavALA che. nispRhI rIte sagananI STie sakriya rIte kAma karavAmAM mAne che. gAmaDAonI behAla paristhiti viSe pUrA vAkegAra che. zrI gIgAbhAi vagerenI sAthe maLIne kAma karavAnAM temanI cAkkasa dRSTi rahelI che. zrI. bhAilAla maganalAla zAha 1939 nI lIMbaDImAM javAbadAra rAjya taMtranI laDatamAM agragaNya bhAga lIdheA lIMbaDI prajAma'DaLanA maMtrI hatA. tA. 19-2-39 nA roja lIMbaDI rAjya prajApariSadabhAI bharAI te vakhate rAjye jabarajasta guMDAgIrI karI tenA javAkhamAM hIjaratanA tathA lIMbaDI rAjyanA anAja tathA rUunA mahi kAranA TharAva karela lIMbaDInI hIjarata cAlu rahI dhaMdhArthe muMbaI sthira thayA. 4-5 vase hIjaratanuM samAdhAna thayuM. daramiyAna sva zrI vallabhabhAI paTelane tathA sva. mahAtmA gAMdhIjInI doravaNI mATe anekane maLelA 1947 mAM saurASTranA rAjyAnuM ekama thatAM dezamAM AvyA. dhrAMgadhrA eDamInIsTreTara tarIkenI kAmagIrI karelI. koMgresanuM kAma kareluM lIMbaDI tAlukA koMgresa samitinA pramukha pade varasa sudhI rahelA. hAla vakIlAta kare che, sAthe lIMbaDI tAlukA sahakArI kha.ve. saMgha lIMbaDI nAgiraka sahakArI benkanA pramukha che. keTalAka samaya lIMbaDI myu. mAM upa pramukha hatA. zrI mAnabhAI narabhezakara bhaTTa bhAvanagaranA mUka sevaka tarIke, samAja sevA ane zaikSaNika pravRttionA saMcAlanamAM agresara tarIke temanI ghaNI meATI suvAsa che, anyAyeAnA pratikAra sAme haMmezA jhajhumatA rahyAM che, bhAvanagaranI lagabhaga badhIja saMsthAe sAthe sakaLAyelA che. temanuM mArgadarzana ane preraNA ghaNAja upayegI sAkhIta thayAM che. bhAvanagara sevA samitinA sthApaka zrI TAlAla trIbhovanadAsa zAhanI preraNAne laI sevA jIvanamAM AgaLa vadhyA che. zrI muLajIbhAI ANaMdabhAI pAlItANAnA vatanI sAtagujarAtI sudhIne abhyAsa paNa peAtAnI kArya kuzaLatAne lai konTrAkaTara lAInamAM sArI

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1000 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 DAIne ja A ka talAlabhAI pragati karI che. trIza varSa pamelAM temaNe A dhaMdhAnI zarUAta karI. tyAre majurI kAma, kaDIyA kAma tathA lebara kAma vageremAM pitAnI jAta mahenata ane khaMta kALajIne laIne ja pachI kendrAkaTanA moTA kAme jevA ke, sosAyaTI, ophIsa bIlDIMga, resIDenTasa bIlDIMga, phekaTarIo vagere te kAme rAkhatA gayAM ane kudarate paNa yArI ApI. ane dhaMdhAne sArI sthitimAM mUko. pite madhyapradeza, rAjasthAna gujarAtano pravAsa karyo che. dhaMdhAnA vikAsane ja mukhyatve zokha rahyo che. zrI lakSmIcaMda maNIlAla zAha saurASTramAM lIMbaDI pAse sIyANInA vatanI-ghaNA varSothI dhaMdhArthe muMbaImAM vasavATa vacce thoDo samaya madhyapradezamAM paNa rAIsa mIlanuM kAma cAlu karyuM. paNa kaMTrola AvatA mIla baMdha karavI paDI ane pAchA muMbaI AvavuM paDayuM. muMbaImAM atyAre bekhe vulana mIsa prA. lI. nuM saphaLa saMcAlana karI rahyAM che. nAnapaNamAM vaDIle pAsethI nitimattA ane satyaniSThAne vaLagI rahelA saMbaMdhamAM sAMbhaLelA bedhapAThane dhyAnamAM laI hamezA e rIte amala karavAnI kezISa karI che. atyAre teo nAnI moTI ghaNI saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. jhAlAvADa sozyala grupa, lIMmaDI nAgarika maMDaLa Adarza pragati maMDaLa, ghATakepara hAusIMga sesAyaTI lIMbaDI, keLavaNI maMDaLa, mahAvIra kalyANa kendra ema 20 thI 22 saMsthAmAM sakriya kAma karI rahyAM che. hindustAnanA moTA bhAganA gAmane pravAsa kare che. zrI lakSmIcaMda eca. zAha vIramagAmanA vatanI-nAnI umaramAM abhyAsa choDI 1930-31 nI mIThA satyAgrahanI laDatamAM jhaMpalAvyuM ane ghaNe samaya sudhI dArU niSedha-paradezI kApaDano bahiSkAra vagere aMge pracAra patrikAo ane khAdI grAmodyoganI pravRttio aMge grAma pradezamAM satata paryaTana A badhI pravRttione laI yaravaDA jelamAM cha mAsa sajA bhegavI hovAnI paNa hakIkta maLe che. svarAjya pachI keTalAka samaya vIramagAma tAlukAmAM sastA anAjanI dukAna calAvI ane krame krame bheyarI tIrtha, kabaI tIrtha, zaMkhezvara vagere jaina tIrthomAM dAnavIra pAsethI rakama meLavI dharma bhakitanA nAnA moTA kAmo ubhA karAvavAmAM nimitta banyA. uparAMta jyAM pitAnI khetIvADI hatI te dhAkaDI gAmamAM jaina sAdhu sAdhvIone mATe upAzrayamAM paNa rasa lIdho ane chelle pAlItANAmAM motIzA cerITI TrasTamAM heDa munima tarIke kAmagIrI karI rahyAM che. nagarazeTha zrI vanamALIdAsabhAi rAjAzAhI kALathI cheka AjadIna sudhI mahAjana saMsthAonuM ApaNe tyAM bhAre meTu vajana rahyuM che. pAlItANAmAM nagarazeTha zrI vanamALIdAsabhAI tathA temanA parivAramAM zrI zeTha zrI cunibhAI tathA zrI dalIcaMdabhAIe e praNAlikAne anusarI nagarazeThAIna mAna meLe jALavI rAkhyo che. pAlItANAnA nAnAmoTA kAmamAM A kuTuMba haMmezA mokhare rahyuM che. zrI dalIcaMdabhAInA suputra zrI zAMtilAlabhAI zeTha 1949 thI muMbaImAM vasavATa kare che. ane Aje teoe tyAM bhArata sTIla Tayujha lI. nA mahArASTra khAtenA ekamAtra ejanTa zrI pravINacaMdra enDa ku. nA mukhya pArTanara tarIke dhaMdhAkIyakSetre gaNanApAtra siddhi hAMsala karI che. sAmAjika pravRttiomAM paNa eTalAja umaMgathI rasa bhe che. jene sozyalagrapa, pAlItANA jaina mitra maMDaLa vagere saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. nagarazeTha kuTuMbanA anya sabhyo paNa vividhakSetre joDAyelA che. zrI saiyadamAmada e. kAdarI sIMgApuranA vatanI. 1942 nA bebamArAnA gojhArA banAve vakhate jIva saTosaTanA prasaMgomAMthI nIkaLI ja ne madrAsa, kalakattA, pUnA vagere zaheromAM niSThApUrvaka karI karI. bI. e sudhIno abhyAsa eTale manamAM ghaNIja hiMmata hatI bAvaDAmAM baLa hatuM. bhAvanagaramAM 1957 mAM temanuM Agamana thayuM. jUdI jUdI jagyAe eTomabAIlasanA dhaMdhAmAM kAma karyuM. vizALa anubhava ane kAMIka sthiratA pachI kAdarI oTo varkasa nAme pitAne svataMtra dhaMdho zarU karyo. jAta mahenatathI AgaLa AvyA. ane Aje dhaMdhAmAM DIka pragati karI che. dezabharano temaNe pravAsa paNa karyo che. zrImatI haMsAbahena zAntilAla zeTha vaDhavANanA vatanI che ghaNA varSothI muMbaImAM vasavATa kare che. zrImaMta kuTuMbamAM temano uchera hovA chatAM sAdagI bharyuM temanuM jIvana che. vaDhavANanA nAtAlIyA kuTuMbanA garbha zrImaMta zeThazrI cunilAla ujamazInA teo putravadhu che. mAnava sevAnA kAryakramo mATenI rImanI prabaLa bhAvanAo dAda mAgI tye che. jJAti-dharma ke pakSanA baMdhanathI para rahIne bahena ane bALakone kaLA ane vijJAna kSetre pragatimaya keLavaNI ApavAno temaja baheno sAMskRtika, zaikSaNika, dhArmika ane sAmAjika kSetre pragati karI zake te mATenA vividha kAryakramo javAmAM zrImatI haMsAbahena zeThanI sakriya kAmagIrInI noMdha levI ja rahI. pA. pA. pagalI kalAkendra saMsthA dvArA rela rAhuta phaDo, chAza kendra, khIcaDI kendra vageremAM temanuM mArgadarzana ane sahakAra mahatvano banyo che. unA pragaNuM dazAzrImALI vaNikamaMDaLa sAthe paNa saMkaLAyelA che. temanA patinA sahakAra ane paragaju svabhAvane kAraNe hajAro rUpIyAnA dAna bahArathI lAvI ApavAmAM ane sAmAjika saMsthAone pagabhara karavAmAM zrImatI haMsAbahenanI sevAo avarNanIya che. Jain Education Intemational

Page #1006
smRti saMdarbha graMtha 1001 yugamAM "satyapIra", "sanAmI', 'nArAyaNI", "magharalI" ane nRtyamAM mughala jamAnAe je pragati karI che te bhAratanA jevA saMpradAye pracAramAM AvyA hatA jemAM hiMdu-muslima itihAsamAM ja nahI paNa duniyAnA ItihAsamAM ajoDa che. aikayanI bhAvanA rahelI hatI. bhAratIya kalA je maMdiranI cAra dIvAlamAM baMdhiyAra hatI hiMduonA deva maMdiranA AcAra vicAra, pUjana. tene jAheramAM lAvavAnuM mAna A videzIone maLe che. arcanavidhinI asara muslime upara paNa samaya jatAM sulatAnanA daravAra aneka kalAkAre, kArIgaro, citrakAro, thaI hatI. teo paNa kabrastAnamAM ane makabarAmAM nRtyakAra ane saMgItakArothI ubharAtA. muslima sulatAnee dhUpa-phUla ane naivedya dharAvatA ane mannata (mAnyatA ). lalitakalAone rAjyAzraya ApIne tene pUratAM piSaNa ane rAkhatA thaI gayA hatA. 'tAjyiA " ke "tAmRta "nuM julusa ane uttejana ApyAM hatAM e vAtanI ItihAsa sAkSI varaghoDo kADhavAnI paddhati hiMduo pAsethI apanAvI hatI.. pUre che. temaNe je sthApatyakIya ImArato ahIM UbhI karI Aje cUsta muslima 'tAjiyA'mAM mAnato nathI. e teno bAMdhanAro kArIgaravarga to hiMdu hato. pariNAme vAtanI noMdha levI ghaTe. sthApatyanA kSetramAM hiMdu-zailI ane muslima zilIna sama nvaya thaelo jovA maLe che. salatanatakAlamAM ghaNI muslima hiMdu-muslima aikaya sAdhanAmAM A saMte bahu ImArato hiMdumaMdiMranA kATamALamAMthI bAMdhavAmAM AvI hatI. saphaLa thayA na hatA paraMtu, temanA upadezanA prabhAvathI mUrtipUjAno virodha karanAra muslimoe je sthApatyakIya eka bIjA pratyenuM dhArmika vaimanasya ghaTayuM hatuM e satya smArako UbhAM karyA temAM temaNe hiMdu suzobhano evAMne svIkAravuM paDe ema che. evAM apanAvI lIdhAM. ApaNI pAse Aje paNa aneka jJAna vijJAna, ane kalA majide, makabarAkho ane rajAo che jemAM kalpavRkSa, cheka prAcIna kALathI arabastAnathI je vepArIo cirAga, kamaLa, vagere bhAta jovA maLe che. satanata kAla pachI bhArata AvyA hatA teo bhAratanAM jJAna, vijJAna ane je kAntIya saltanata bhAratamAM judA judA prAntomAM astitvamAM kalAnA vArasAthI aMjAI gayA hatA. saltanatakALa ane AvI temAM paNa A zilIonA mizraNano prabhAva spaSTa mughalakAlamAM A traNeya kSetra ane prajAo vacce khUba dekhAya che. bIjI bAju muslima sthApatyanAM kamAna, guMbaje, samanvaya sadhAyo hato. Araboe bhAratIya darzanavighA, minArA, bhaumitika AkRtio (Geome trical desigan) tiSa vidyA, khagoLa vidyA ane AyurvedanuM jJAna ane kudaratI suzobhano hiMdu sthapatioe paNa apanAvyAM meLavavA mATe aneka hindu paMDito ane AcAryona hatAM ema kahI zakAya. zaraNa lIdhuM hatuM. ItihAsa kahe che ke khagoLavidyAnA IslAmamAM nRtya ane saMgItano virodha karavAmAM prAraMbhika bedhapATho Araboe bhAratIo pAsethI lIdhA Avyo hovA chatAM bhAratanA muslima sulatAne A kalAne hatA. muslima sulatAe keTalAya saMskRta graMthono arabI uttejana ApatA hatA. rAja darabAramAM temaja moTAM nagaphArasImAM anuvAda karAvyo hato. A jamAnAmAM rAjya romAM utsa ane meLAo vakhate nRtya-saMgItanA jalasAbhASA phArasI hovAthI ghaNA hiMduo te zIkhatA hatA. e thatA hatA. uttara bhAratamAM "kathaka nRtya vadhAre lokaphArasI sAhityanA vikAsamAM paNa ghaNA hiMdu lekhakoe priya banyuM hatuM. A nRtya zailInI rajuAta para paNa phALo Apyo hato. bIjA pakSe ema paNa kahI zakAya ke judA judA gharAnA pracAramAM AvyA hatAM. kathakanRtyamAM A jamAnAmAM bhAratanA prAntIya sAhitya upara paNa "lakhana" ane "banArasa gharAnA vikhyAta thayAM hatAM. arabI-phArasInI ghaNI asara thaI hatI. gujarAta-mALavA rAjakuTuMbanI tema ja amIra-umarAva kuTumbanI kanyAone ane rAjasthAnamAM A samaye je bhavAInA veza bhajavAtA "nRtyanI tAlima ApavAno alAyade prabaMdha karavAmAM temAM ApaNane A asara spaSTa jovA maLe che. Avyo hato. kalAnA kSetramAM muslima yuga bhAratanA koIpaNa nRtyanI AsapAsa saMgItakalA -gAyana ane vAdana yuga karatAM ati samRddha banyo hato. mathApatya, citra, saMgIta, ane prakAromAM-pUrNapaNe vikasI hatI. siMdha jItyA bAda dain Education Intermational Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

Page #1007
1002 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 muslima vijetAoe pitAnuM saMgIta ahIM dAkhala karyo hatA. bhAratIya citrakalAmAM mughalacitrakalA e te eka hatuM. bhAratanA saMgItathI teo paNa prabhAvita thayA hatA. atyaMta samRddha prakaraNa gaNAya che. mughalonA patana pachI nodhavuM joIe ke amIra khusaroe bhAratIya saMgItane khUba je rAjaputa citrakalA ane tenI vividha zailIo janmI vikasAvyuM hatuM. kavvAlI" nAme oLakhAtI gAna paddhati temAM paNa muslima asara spaSTa jaNAya che. kAMgaDA, bikAteNe vikasAvI hatI. bhAratIya vINAmAM sudhArA karIne nera, jodhapura, guvera, kisanagaDha zeDhInAM citro Aje paNa sitArane janma Apyo hato. bhAratIya ane IrAnI saMgIta- A vAtanI sAkSI pUre che. nA mizraNathI uttara hiMdustAnI saMgIta paddhatine janma tenA samayathI thayo ema manAya che. mughala jamAnAmAM upasaMhAra : AvIe chIe tyAre tAnasena, bAbA haridAsa. sUradAsa, AgaLa ApaNe noMdhyuM ke saMskRtine deza, kALa, dharma paMDita janAtha, tAnA-rITI vagerenuM smaraNa avazya thAya ke jAtinA kaI bheda nathI. saMskRtine vaLI hiTa ke IslAma che. khyAla, ThumarI, TappA, kajarI vagerenI bheTa muslima e evA keI bheda hoI zake nahIM. Ama chatAM abhyAsanI bhAratIya saMgItane dharI to ApaNe paNa teone dhrupada, saraLatA khAtara samAjazAstrIo ane ItihAsavido AvA dhamAra, horI vagerenI bheTa dharI. keTalAya muslima gAyako bheda pADe che. AvA bhedonI sUkSma tapAsa jyAre karIe thaI gayA che ke jemaNe potAnI gAyakImAM rAdhAkRSNanI chIe tyAre jaNAya che ke duniyAnI koIpaNa saMskRti "kuMvArI' bhaktine sthAna ApyuM hatuM ! nRtyanI jema saMgItamAM rahI zakatI nathI; tenuM lagna yA joDANa bIjI saMskRtio vividha "gharAnA pracAramAM AvyA hatA. sAthe haMmezAM thatuM rahe che. bhAratIya saMskRtinA ghaDataramAM sthApatya, saMgIta, nRtya ane anya lalitakalAonI keTakeTalI videzI saMsakRtione phALo che e to teno vigate jema citrakalAne paNa muslima sulatAnee rAjyAzraya ApI abhyAsa karIe te spaSTa khyAla Ave che. A abhyAsa protsAhana ApyuM hatuM. mughala zahenazAhImAM jahAMgIre parathI ApaNe kahI zakIe ke bhAratIya saMskRti e samanvayanI aneka dezI-videzI citrakArone potAnA darabAramAM AmaMcyA saMskRti che. amitA graMtha zreNIne zubhecchA pAThave che zubhecchA pAThave che zrI sonaparI sahakArI maMDaLI sonaparI pAlItANa pAse(ji. bhAvanagara) zrI junavadara sahakArI maMDaLI junavadara (gaDhaDA tAluko ) (ji. bhAvanagara) Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

Page #1008
smRti sadabha graMtha asmitA sa Mdarbha graMthane zubhecchA pAThave che zrI kAMtroDI sahakArI maMDaLI mu : kAMtroDI ( tAlukA sAvarakuMDalA ) (ji. bhAvanagara) asmitA graMtha ceAjanAne zubhecchA pAThave che 1003 zrI DhAMkaNakuMDA sahakArI maMDaLI su : DhAMkaNukuMDA saNAsarA pAse (ji-bhAvanagara) zrI jaina zvetAmbara kAnpharansanI ujava yazagAthA akhila bhAratIya jaina zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka samAjanI pratinidhi svarUpa zrI jaina zvetAmbara kAnpharansanI stha panA lAdhI (rAjasthAna)mAM tA. 25-1-1902 (saMvata 1958, bhAdaravA vada 8)nAM thai jene lagabhaga Aje 72 varSa thAya che. kenpharanse AjasudhImAM dhama, samAja ane rASTranI pragati mATe anekavidha kAryo karela che. zikSaNa pracAra : jaina samAjanA ekapaNa khALaka keLavaNIvihA na rahe te mATenI ceAjanAne amalI banAvavA 65 varSa pahelA jaina zvetAmbara ejayukezana enI sthApanA karela che. skAlarazIpa ane anya suvidhAo paNa UbhI karI che. strIkeLavaNI mATenA prayatnA paNa zarU rAkhyA che. uparAMta vidyAthI Ane jaina tatvajJAna ane nyAya zikhavavA mATe banArasa yunivarsi'TImAM janacera sthApI che. jaina dharmI ane saskRti mATe jINu madirAnA uddhAra mATe, tIrthonA rakSaNArthe kAnpharanse je prayAsA karyA che. te enI javalaMta kArakIrdimAM eka suMdara prakaraNa umera che. jana sAhitya amulya khajAnA mahAra lAvavAnA hetuthI pustakAhAra ane graMtha prakAzana arthe sArA evA khaca karyA che. jelalamera jJAna bhaMDAranA amulya sAhityamAM paNa rasa lIdhA che, jaina samAja ekaja pleTaphArma upara Ave ane samAja vadhu saMgaThIta bane te mATenA prayatnAmAM paNa kAnpharame pahela karI che. samAja sudhArAmAM paNa pragatizI bhAga bhajavyeA che. rASTrabhAvanA ane svadezI pracAra uparAMta zrAvakA zrAvika varganI sthiti sudhAravA udyogagRho sastA daranA sTorA vigeremAM ThIka rIte dhyAna pravRttie vikasAvI che

Page #1009
AbhArI chIe emanA yojanAbaddha evA vizALa Ayojanane mUrta svarUpa ApavA, e kAmane yazasvI banAvavA, bahALA samudAyanI, protsAhaka zubha lAgaNInI, anubhavI murabbIonA mArgadarzana ane preraNAnI tathA saMkhyAbaMdha vyaktionA prabaLa puruSArthanI AvazyakatA rahetI hoya che. eziyA saha bhAratanA sArvatrika gaurava ane sAMskRtika citra AlekhananA A prabaLa sAhasamAM aneka vyaktionI sahAnubhUti, rAkSareane tajanI amArA taraphanI premabharI mamatA, mitro ane nehAenI kaparA saMjogo vacce paNa maLelI huMphane kAraNe ame e saune aMtakaraNapUrvaka AbhAra mAnIe chIe. zubherachA ane mArgadarzana ApIne salAhakAra murabIoe amane baLa ApyuM che. jAherakhabara ApI-apAvIne sanehIe. ane sadagRhasthoe nANAkIya sahAya karI che. saurASTra sTeTa benkanA DepyuTI menejarazrI vI. ke. mahetA tathA benkanA sthAnika menejara zrI ojhA sAheba, anya ophisare ane zrI zirISabhAI Ara. bhaTTa tathA bucasAheba vigerenI madada mATe paNa tenA AbhArI chIe. uparAMta madrakoe batAvelI bhalI lAgaNI ane saujanyatA mATe tathA kAgaLanA anya vepArIo, khAsa karIne naTavaralAla lAbhAInI ka.ne paNa AbhAra mAnIe chIe. jeNe jeNe A bacAramAM carkiMcita sahakAra Apyo che te saunA RNI chIe. -naMdalAla devaka saMpAdaka Jain Education Intemational

Page #1010
8 adhyAtma saMta zrI kAnajI svAmI , parama pUjya adhyAtma saMta zrI kAnajI svAmIne zubha janma vi. saM. 1946 nA vaizAkha suda bIjane ravivAranA divase kAThIyAvADanA umarALA gAmamAM sthAnaka- vAsI jaina saMpradAyamAM thaye hatuM. teozrInA mAtuzrInuM nAma ujabAI ane pitAzrInuM nAma motIcaMdabhAI hatuM. bALavayamAM teozrInA vize ke joSIe kahyuM hatuM ke A kaI mahAna puruSa thaze. bALapaNathI ja teozrInA mukha para vairAgyanI saumyatA ane netramAM buddhi ne vIryanuM teja dekhAtuM. teozrIe umarALAnI ja nizALamAM abhyAsa karyo hate. joke nizALamAM tema ja jaina zALAmAM teozrI prAyaH prathama naMbararAkhatA te paNa nizALamAM apAtA vyAvahArika jJAnathI temanA cittane saMtoSa thato nahi ane temane UMDe UMDe ema rahyA karatuM ke "huM jenI zodhamAM chuM te A nathI." kaI kaI vAra A duHkha tIvratA dhAraNa karatuM. ane eka vAra te, mAtAthI vikhUTA paDelA bALakanI jema te bALa-mahAtmA sanA viyoge khUba raDayA hatA. nAnI vayamAM ja mAtA pitA kALa dharma pAmavAthI teozrI AjIvikA arthe temanA moTA bhAI sAthe pAlejamAM cAlu dukAnamAM joDAyA. dhIme dhIme dukAna sArI jAmI. vepAramAM temanuM vartana pramANika hatuM. pAlejamAM teozrI kaI vakhata nATaka jevA jatAM, paraMtu nATakamAMthI gaMgArika asara thavAne badale kaI vairAgya preraka dazyanI UMDI asara te mahAtmAne thatI. vepAranuM kAmakAja karatAM chatAM temane aMtavyapAra te judo ja hatuM. temanA aMtarane svAbhAvika cheka haMmezAM dharma ane satyanI zodha prati ja rahetA. potAnI dIkSA levAnI IcchA moTAbhAIne jaNAvI. ane saM. 1970nA mAgazara suda 9 ne ravivArane divase umarALAmAM maTI dhAmadhUmathI dIkSA mahotsava thayo. cAreka varSamAM lagabhaga badhAM vetAMbara zAstro teo vicAra pUrvaka vAMcI gayA cheDA ja vakhatamAM temanI AtmArthitAnI, jJAnapipAsAnI ane ugra cAritranI suvAsa kAThiyAvADamAM phelAI. dareka kArya karatAM temanuM lakSa satyanA dhana prati ja rahetu. Jain Education Intemational

Page #1011
vidhinI koi dhanya paLe zrI samayasAra nAmane mahAna graMtha mahArAjazrInA hastakamaLamAM AvyeA. A graMtha vAMcatA ja temanA harSano pAra na karyo. nI zodhamAM teo hatA te temane maLI gayuM mahArAjazrI sa. 1991 sudhI sthAnakavAsI saMpradAyamAM rahyA. paraMtu aMtaraMga AtmAmAM, vAratika vastu svabhAva ane vAstavika nidhamArga ghaNA vakhatathI rAjya lAgatA hovAthI teozrIe sonagaDhamAM eka zRgraMthanA khatrI makAnamAM sa. 1991nA caitra suda 13 ne magaLavAranA dina parivartana karyuM ane sthAnakavAsI saMpradAyanA tyAga karyAM. * parivartana karyA pachI pU. mahArAjazrInA mukhya nivAsa sAnagaDhamAM ja che. teozrInI hAjarIne lIdhe sonagaDha eka sI dhAma jevuM banI gayu che, aneka mumukSu bhAI-baheno teozrInA upadezano lAbha levA bahAragAmathI sonagaDha Ave che, pU. gurudevanA pratApe seAnagaDhamAM jinamaMdira, zrI svAdhyAya ma`dira, pracavana hola ane mAnastaMbha vagerenI racanA thaI che. chelle chele kIrtikaLArUpa zrI paramAgama maMdira patra sAkAra banyu che. pU. gurudevanu jJAna jevuM agAdhane gabhIra che tevI ja temanI vyAkhyAna zailI camatkAra bharelI che. atyaMta gahana viSayane paNa atyaMta mugama rIte pratipAdita karavAnI gurudevamAM viSiSTa zakti che. gurudevanuM vyAkhyAna sAMbhaLavu e eka jIvananA lahAvA che. sa. 2000nA mAgazara mAsathI * Atma dharma' mAsikanuM prakAzana zarU thayu... ane enA dvArA gurudevanA saMdeza bhAratabharamAM prasaravA lAgyA. pU. gurudeve bhAratanI cAre dizAomAM AvelA jaina tIrthanI ane nagaronI yAtrA karI che. temanI 75mI janma jayaMtI nimitte mumukSuo dvArA hIrakajaya'tInA mahAna abhina Mdana graMtha gurudevane arpaNa karavAnA khAsa kAryakrama muMbaImAM yAjayA hatA. 800 pAnAno hIrale maDhelA e abhinadana dha sva. zrI lAlabahAdura zAstrInA haste gurudevana paNa karavAmAM AvyA. pU. gurudevanuM mukhya vana samajju para che, to samaje, samajyA vinA badhuM nakAmuM che.' ema te vAravAra kahe che, jagatathI e kAMIka judu kahe che, pUrva kahe che. enA kathana pAchaLa koI ajaba dRDhatA ane jora che. mahArAjazrInA vyAkhyAnamAMthI aneka thAta tA pAtratA anusAra lAbha meLave che. keTalAkane sat tA anya ge che, koI kesa rAma jaNanA aMkura phUTe che ane koi virala jIvAnI tA kazA ja palaTAi jAya che. mokSamArga prakAzaka parama vItarAgI thI sadgurudevanA ya che.

Page #1012
sonagaDhanuM paramAgama-maMdira che, paramAgama maMdira sonagaTa - ba , 0086 idhi mahAvIra bhagavAnanA 2500me nirvANa mahotsavanA varSamAM taiyAra thayela. AtmajJAnI svAnubhava rasAsvAdI parama - prabhAvaka AdhyAtmika puruSa zrI kAnajI svAmI nija zuddhAtmAne anubhavI nija kalyANa sAdhI rahyA che ane AtmathI janene kalyANa paMthe dorI rahyA che. teozrIe A kALamAM dravya guNa paryAyanuM upAdAnanimittanuM tathA nizcaya vyavahAranuM jinapraNIta yathArtha svarUpa pratyeka dravyanI svataMtratA, zuddhAtma dravya sAmAnyanI zaikAlika zuddhatA temaja paripUrNatA, samyagya darzananuM svAnubhUtiyukta apAra mahAbhya-ityAdi ane viSayanI, svAnubhavajharatAM pravacano dvArA temaja graMtha prakAzana dvArA, vyApaka prasiddhi karI bhArata varSane mumukSajana para asIma upakAra karyo che. temanA pratApe aneka jinAgama graMthanI tathA jinAga paranAM svasaMvedanamudrita pravacana graMthanI lAkhe prakAzana pAmI che. A rIte temanA dvArA thayelI parama dharmaprabhAvanAthI bhArata varSa mumukSajananAM hadayamAM jinAgama pratye je bhakita pragaTa thaI che tenA eka aMgabhUta kAryarUpe mumukSu samAja dvArA-pUjya zrI kAnajI svAmInA bhakto dvArA A " zrI mahAvIra - kuMdakuMda paramAgama maMdira * nirmApita thayuM che. Jain Education Intemational

Page #1013
A paramAgama maMdiramAM vItarAga sarvajJa devAdhideva zrI mahAvIra bhagavAnanA 3 kAra dhvani dvArA nIkaLelA paramAgama zrI samayasAra, zrI pravacanasAra ane zrI paMcAstikAya saMgraha, zrImad bhagavakuMdakuMda cAryadeva praNIta zrI niyamasAra tathA zrI darzanaprAbhRta, sUtraprAbhRta, cAritra prAbhRta. bodha prAbhRta, bhAvaprAkRta, mokSa prAbhRta, liMgaprAkRta ane zIlaprAbhRta-utkIrNa karavAmAM AvyA che. A maMdiramAM kuMdakuMda svAmInA pavitra caraNacita birAjamAna che. suMdara ArasanI 4pa0 zIlAomAM mazInathI pAMca paramAgama kerAyelA che je maMdirane zobhAvI rahyA che. jaina zAsanA samayasArAdi amUlya paMca paramAgama ArasanA siMhAsanamAM birAje che. cAre bAju ArasanI suMdara bAMdhaNIvALuM maMdira, senerI zikhara upara jaina dharmane vijaya dhvaja pharakAvI rahyuM che. kula 19 kazaLa tIrthakaranA pUrvabhavanA temaja aneka vitarAgI saMtanA vairAgya rasa pUrNa pacAsa uparAMta citra Atmika ArAdhanAnI preraNA ApI rahyA che. A parama Agama maMdiranuM udghATana vira nirvANu saMvata 2500nA (vikrama saMvata 2030nA) phAgaNa suda 13, budhavAranA zubha divase thayuM che. Jain Education Intemational

Page #1014
vividha kSetranI vyaktio zrI abdulahusenabhAI maracaMTa bhAvanagara zrI ramaNIkalAla bhogIlAla bhAvanagara zrI esa. pI. marAThe muMbaI zrI khImacaMda muLajIbhAI, .zAMtibhAI kapAsI ve. vIraca 6 pAnAca da, bhakatarAja zrI dulAbhAI, valasADa muMbaI muMbaI dvArakAdAsa vI. zAha dalIcaMdabhAI koThArI zrI eca. kedave bhAvanagara mamubhAI maracaMTa bhAvanagara, unA zrI gAMdhI jagajIvana goviMdajI zrI ema. ke. pArekha bhAvanagara zrI ThAkorabhAI zAha valasADa muMbaI Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

Page #1015
zrImaMta samAja bhUSaNa zeThazrI bhagavAnadAsajI jana-sAga vAlA. (ma..) rohI bhagavAnadAsa jena geDa bI gAbhAlAla jene bhAratamAM aneka dAnavIra. dhama dhamI, vidyApremI, samAja sudhAraka tA udyogapatio thayela che. zeThazrI bhagavAnadAsa jaina uparokata guNo dharAvanAra eka mahAna udyogapati ane ApabaLa tathA puruSArthathI unnatinA zikhare paDocanAra mahAnubhAva che. Aje 75 varSanI vaye temanI dhagazajussA ane sUjha eka yuvAnane zaramAve tevA che, sAnA-cAMdI anAja tathA kApaDanA vepAranA anubhavanA aMte bIDI pattA udhogane meTA pAyA upara vistAra karavAmAM lakSa ApyuM. Aje e udhoganI 40 zAkhAo che. jemAM pratidina traNa karoDa bIDIo bane che. temanI bAlaka chApa pIDI sArA bhAratamAM prakhyAta che. dharma pratye temane apAra zraddhA che. mahAragaDhamAM tAraNa svAmInA samAdhi sthAna upara maMdira ane dharmazALA baMdhAvela che. svAdhyAya bhavana ane dharmazALAno vistAra karavAmAM rUA. eka lAkha kharacyA che. sAgaramAM traNa lAkha rUpiyAnA kharce eka dharmazALA baMdhAvela che. tyAM eka phrI davAkhAnuM 1941mAM baMdhAvI sthApela che. jene nibhAva kharca teozrI Ape che digaMbara jaina mahA vidyAlayamAM rUA. pa0 hajAra kharca eka hela baMdhAvela che. garIba ane yogya vidyArthI ane zrI bhagavAnadAsa zobhAlAla jaina ceriTI TrasTa mAMthI aneka ziSyavRttio maLe che. teozrI digaMbara jaina tAraNa samAjanA pramukha ane AgevAna hovA uparAMta sAmAnya jana samAjanA aneka vidha kalyANa kAryomAM sakriya sAthe tathA sahakAra Ape che. samAja kalyANanI bhAvanA temanA samagra jIvanamAM vaNAyelI che. teo digaMbara jaina saMskRta mahAvidyAlayanA ane sAgara udAsIna AzramanA pramukha che tathA sAgara mahilA AzramanA paNa pramukha che. Ama teo aneka saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. pU. gurudeva zrI kAnajI svAmInA AdhyAtmika pravacanethI prabhAvIta thai senagaDhamAM nivAsa sthAna banAvyuM. ane darzanArthIo mATe pacIsarUma rahevA mATe banAvyA che. temane samAja taraphathI " zrImaMta zeDa " ane "samAja bhUSaNa" nAmanI padhvIo enAyata thayela che. zeTha sAhebanA putra zrI DAlacaMdajI jaina chellA sAta varSathI madhya pradeza vidhAna sabhAnA sadasya che. rAmalakamaNanI joDI jevA zrI bhagavAnadAsa ane zAbhAlAlajI baMne bhAIo che, potAne pAMca saMtAna che ane zAbhAlAlane be saMtAna che. banne bhAIonuM kuTuMba eka vizALa vaTavRkSa jevuM che. teozrIne 20 meTaro, 18 jIpa gADIo, 15 Traka ane seMkaDe nokara che. AnA uparathI temanA dhana vaibhavanA AchA khyAla Ave che. AvA dhanavAna hovA chatAM teo nirAbhimAnI dharmapremI che. nikhAlasa ane saidayI che. AvA sadaguNI sadAcArI ane umadA hRdayanA maDA. nubhAvanA jIvanamAMthI anya dhanike jo koI preraNA meLave te eka Adarza unnata ane bhavya samAjanuM nirmANa thAya temAM zaMkAne sthAna nathI. eka samAja sudhAraka tarIke temaNe garIba kanyAonA vinA kharce lagna karAvI ApyA che. eTaluM ja nahi, pitAnA putra-putrIonA lagna paNa Adarza rIte daheja lIdhA vinA karyA che ane daheja prathA sadaMtara baMdha thAya e mATe prayatno kyAM che. e rIte emane Adarza lagnanA jana kahI zakAya. pU. gurudevanA hasta tAraNa svAmInA samAdhi sthAna upara svAdhyAya maMdiranuM uddaghATana tA. 25-2-5nA roja karavAmAM AvyuM. jemAM pAMca divasa sudhI utsava rahyo. ane 25 hajAra mANasane bhejana vagerene prabaMdha zeThazrI taraphathI karavAmAM Avyo hato. sonagaDha paramAgama maMdiranA pratiSThA mahotsavamAM tA. 6ThThIe saMkhyAbaMdha gAmanA mANasane jamADayA tathA jItharI hospITalamAM 750 dardIone baMne samaya bhejana ApavAmAM AvyuM ane pANI ThaMDu karavAmAM mATe rUA. 3pa00/-nuM voTara kulara TI. bI. hospITalane bheTa ApavuM. samAjanuM teo gaurava samAna che. Jain M/s. Bhawandas Shobhalal SAGAR (m.p.) | bAlaka chApa bIDI Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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bAMdhava belaDInI gu jIvanakathA < 3 zrI balavaMtarAya talakacaMda zAha janma : tA. 21-6 -- 33 ( jeTha vada- 13 ) 3. tA. :~ ! - 13 ( zrAvaNa yuda-15 ) . zrI vasaMtarAya talakacaMda zAha janma : tA. 25-12-28 ( mAgazara ) sva. : tA. 9-1-18 (phAgaNa suda-10 ) - rAmalaka maNanI joDalI jevA eka ' lAvAvanamAM ekaja umare saMsAramAMthI prayANa karI jatAM A nararatanA vezana mAM purUSArtha karI navapallavita va TikA saI ane pupa khIlI uThe te pahelAM potAnI apUrva jIvana lIlAne saMkelI laI koI agamya sthaLa praya Na karI dIdhuM. zrI talakacaMdra tIcaMda pAlaDInA rahIza, temanA dharma patinanuM nAma jamakabahena temane vasaMtabhAI ane balavaMtabhAI lADakavAyA putra ratna, pAlItANA jaina gurukuLamAM banne bhAIoe abhyAsa karyo. bane pahelethI buddhizALI ane mahenatu. abhyAsa pure karIne bhAI vasaMtabhAi beMglora gayA. tyAM sAyakalanI dukAna zarU karI. ahIM muMbaImAM bhAi balavaMtabhAIe e Tu jheDa -parsa ( IDIyA) zarU karI bhAI vasaMtabhAI paNa muMbaI AvI gayAM. kAma dhaMdhe khUbaja 'khIlyA pa kudarata vipharI. bhAI - vasaMtabhAI ogaNacAlIsa varSanI umare ( yuvAnavaye ) pu-payAmAM kAyamana mATe pATI gayA. bhAIzrI balavaMtabhAInI javAbadArI vadhI gai tema dhIraja ane hiMmatathI kAma cAlu rAkhyuM. pharmane TUMka samayamAM uccatAne zikhare mUkI dIdhI. bhAi vasaMtabhAinI kRtimAM sAnagaDhamAM suMdara upAzraya baMdhAvI mahAjanane bheTa >>[LyA. pratiSThA, pUjA, rAtra, svAmivAtsalya evA aneka prasaMgoe dhanane chUTe hAthe vAparyuM evA bhI bhAizrI dalIcaMda purapAtamanI preraNA A bhAIone maLI hatI. mAtAnA ucca saMskArothI banne ranne sAmAjika ane dhArmika pravRttiomAM saMkaLAyelA rahI tana mana dhanathI sevA karatA hatA. zrI govALIyA Teka jaina derAsaranA sekreTarI tarIke zrI balavaMtabhAIe ApelI savA amUlya hatI. haju e khoTa pUrI zakANa nathI. gurUkuLanA saMskAro ane mAtuzrI jamakabananI dhArmika bhAvanAo banne bhAIomAM yauvananA umare pahoMcatA pahelA amIsiMcana karyuM hatuM. zrI mahAvira jaina vidyAlaya, sAdharmika sevA saMgha evI anekavidha saMsthAo sAthe sakriya jeDAyelA hatA. kudasta viphare che tyAre manuSya lAcAra banI jAya che. dhIkato dhaMdho calAvanAra kuTuMbanA saMcAlaka bhAIzrI baLavaMtabhAI paNa cAlIza varSanI yuvAnavaye badhAne vilApa karanAM chADI sva sidhAvyA. karmanI kevI vicitra gati che ke pitA ane banne putra ane (bAMdhava che.laTI) traNe eka ja umare bharayuvAnImAM A kSaNika saMsAramAMthI ciravidAya lIdhI. patnio. putra, putrIone vilApa karatAM karI dIdhAM mAtuzrI jamakabahena, zrI vasaMtabhAinA dharma patni madhukAMtA, ane zrI baLavaMtabhAInA dharmapatni ramilA have to dhamamAM citta DI ema zAMtimAM samaya gALe che, paramAmA bAMdhavalaDInA parama pavitra AtmAne zira : zAMti Ape eja abhyarthanA Jain Education Intemational

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zrI ena sI.jhaverI surata taraphanA vatanI ane muMbaInA audhogika jagatamAM prathama harALanA udyogapati tarIke mazahUra banela zrI jhaverIe senagaDhamAM AvelI kAnajIsvAmInA adhyApana maMdira saMsthAnA pramukha tarIke ApelI suMdara sevAo jANItI che teo saurASTranI ghaNI sAmAjika sasthAo sAthe sakaLAyelA che. inTara ArTasa sudhInA abhyAsa ane bahu nAnI vayamAM vyApAramAM jha MpalAvyu. tejaravI buddhi ane vicakSaNa draSTine laI TUMkA samayamAM nAmanA meLavI che. AphrikA ane yuropanA pravAsa kheDaye! che. hindustAnamAM badhI jagyAe pharyA che. subaImAM digambara jaina mumukSu maMDaLanA vAIsa presIDenTa tarIke, kAnanagara hAusIMga sArasAyaTI dAdarana! pramukha tarIke, je sahakArI benkanA pramukha tarIkenI yazasvI sevAe noMdhanIya che. dhaMdhAkIya kSetre amalagameTeDa ilekaTrIsITI kAM. nA ceramena ane menejIMga ejanTanA sInIyara pArTanara tarIke surata ilekaTrIsITImAM DAyarekaTara tarIke inDIyana markenTAIla Insyuransa kuAM. mAM DAyarekaTara tarIke, pheDarezana opha ilekaTrIsITI kuAM. mAM menejIMga kimiTanA membara tarIke, inDIyana maracanTa cembaramAM chellA vIza varSa thI menejIMMga kiTinA membara tarIke, 15 thI 17 varSa sudhI je.pI. tarIkenA mAnava tA hAdo bhAgavI cUkayA che. bIjI sakhyAbaMdha sasthA sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. OFF : With best compliments -: P H O N E S : - 269961-2 N. C. Javeri managing director The Amalgamated Electricity Co. Ltd. 17-B. Horniman Circle Fort, RESI :- 295774 BOMBAY-I cont olling power stations at BELGAUM BHIWANDI BHUSAWAL BULSAR CHALISGAON DOHAD = JALGAON MALLGAON -----ENE EEEE_----------E

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha zrI hiMmatalAla maNIzaMkara trivedI bhAvanagara jillAnA mahuvAnA vatanI che. bI. e. ela. bI. sudhInA abhyAsa koleja jIvana daramyAna rAja kAraNamAM mahatvane bhAga bhajavyA-jUdA jUdA saMgaThThana ekameAnA daza jeTalA yunIyanAnuM saMcAlana karatA hatAM, samaya jatAM 1951 thI muMbaimAM temanuM Agamana thayuM ane 1958 thI plAsTIka epha guDajhanA dhaMdhAnI zarUAta karI42 varSanA zrI hi'matabhAi e svabaLeja sArI pragati- hAMsala karI che. sAmAjika pravRttio taraphathI cheka bacapaNanI abhIrucIne kAraNe Aje paNa temanI e phekaTarIe hAvA chatAM vaDAlA lAyansa kalabanA pramukha tarIke, vALukaTa leAka vidyAlayanA TrasTI tarIke, mahuvA yuvaka samAjanA menejIMga kimiTanA sekreTarI tarIke, ane bIjI ghaNI saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. peAte yuropanA ghaNA dezonI saphare jaI AvyA che. temanI dharmapatnI zrImatI kumudInI bahena trivedInI paNa samAja sevAne kSetre lAyana leDI ekaTIvITInA ceramena tarIke noMdhapAtra sevAo che. zrImatI trivedI paNa yureApanA ghaNA dezAmAM jaI AvyA che. zrI uttamaca Mda vRjalAla dIceArA. zrI uttamacaMdabhAI pAlItANA vepArI mahAjana saMsthAnA mAbhAdAra vyakti gaNAyA che peAtAnI kuzAgra budhdhithI vyApAra mAM pratiSThA hAMsala karI A dizAmAM je nAmanA meLavI che. ane meLavelI sa'pattinA prasaMgApAta sadupayoga karatA rahyAM che. te eka gauravane viSayaja gaNAya 1952 thI vyApAramAM sakriya banyA jemAM peAtAnI hiMmata, sAhasa ane vyavahAra kuzaLatA jevA sadguNAne laI tathA svabhAve tadna mIlanasAra AMnadI ane sevAbhAvI DAyane 1966 thI pAlItANA tAlukA vepArI mahAmaMDaLa nA mAnad khajAnacI tarIke nAnA moTA ghaNA prakSA ukelavAmAM madadarUpa banyA zaheranA vikAsamAM pAlItANA nagarapAlikA nA upapramukhapade paNa rahyAM che. dhadhArthe ane yAtrArthe saurASTra, gujarAta, mahArASTra ane rAjasthAnanA ghaNA mahatvanA sthaLAnuM dezATana karI vizALa anubhava meLavyeA che. mAtA pitAnI zItaLa chAMyaDI nIce cAre bhAIAnu saMyukta kuTuMba AnaMda killAlathI rahe che. AjanA yugamAM saMpa sahakArathI sayuMkata kuTuMbamAM ravuM tene AjanA yuganI viziSTatAja gaNIzuM dharma bhAvanAthI Akhue kuMTuba raMgAyelu che. vidyAdAnamAM ane guptadAnamAM vizeSa mAnanArA che. saMrakSaNa krUDa, pUra rAhata phaMDa ke evA bIjA koIpaNa sArvajanika phaMDa phALA emAM temanuM nAma meAkhare hoyaja. zrI kanaiyAlAla muLajIbhAI kALukIyA siMheAranA vatanI ane vyApAra arthe ghaNA varSothI 1013 muMbaI vasavATa karatA zrI kanaiyAlAlabhAi sAmAnya sthitimAMthI ApamaLe ane sakhata parizrame AgaLa vadhyA che. sihAranI satata ciMtA rAkhanAra te eka vyavahAra kuzaLa vaDIla che. muMbaimAM rahIne paNa saheAramAM thatI aneka vidha pravRttiomAM temane agra kALA rahyo che. siMhAranA praznA mATe huMmezA teo " pUchavA ThekANuM che, teo udAra dIla ane sevAbhAvI sadagRhastha che, temanI sAdAI saune upayAgI thaI paDavAnI vRtti, temanA taraphathI vahetA rahetA dAnanA satata pravAha vagere sadaguNAne kAraNe "mAjamAM tee mAnabhayuM sthAna dharAve che. siMhAranA tamAma dizamAM ilekaTrIka rAzanI lagabhaga temanA taraphathI ja thaI che. unALAmAM cAlatA para paNa temanI mUMgI sevAene khelatA pUrAve banI rahe che. sihAranI prAthamika zALAnA adyatana makAna mATe sArI evI rakamanu dAna jAhera thayuM che. sihAra ane mu bainI kapALa saMsthAo ane mAMDaLAmAM A nirAbhImAnI vyakitanA mahatvane phALo rahyo che. zrI karUNAzakarabhAI je. joSI jhaverI hIrA jhaverAtanA pArakhanArA hoya che tevI rIte teoe samAjanI nADa pArakhI lIdhI ke sAmajane saMskArI samRddha sukhI ane zAMtimaya banAvavA hoya teA zikSaNa ane keLavaNInA vikAsa ane dharma saMskAranI pravRttie jarUrI che. kalA sAhityane uttejana ApyA vagara chUTako nathI. eTale samAja jIvananAM vividha kSetrAmAM kArya tatparatA batAvI zikSaNa dharma ane samAjanI tana, mana ane dhanathI kiMmatI sevA ApI rahyAM che. pote dAnapremI hovAne lIdhe jema kamAi jANe che tema samAjanAM satkAryAMmAM chUTe hAthe kharcI paNa jANe che. teo saurASTranA saradhAra (rAjakoTa) nAM vatanI che. ane vatanathI dUra varSo thayAM hAla madrAsa khAte vasIne peAtAnAM dhaMdhAkiya kSetramAM sArI evI pragati sAdhI che jIvananI zaruAta zikSaNa kSetramAM lagabhaga dasa varSa paryaMta vItAvI zikSaka vRttinI kArakirdImAM sArI evI nAmanAM prApta karI che. sane 1943thI 1956 sudhI khAnagI peDhImAM nokarI bajAvIne sane 1956thI pote svataMtra dhaMdhA zarU karyAM jemAM meLavelI saphaLatAnI cAvInAM kAraNeA apUrva khata, sAhasa ane gaNatrIbAja temaja kArya kuzaLatA vagere guNA mukhya bhAga bhajave che. mAtra svAvalaMbanathI mekhare Avela eka udyaugapati tarIke gujarAtI maMDaLanA pramukhapade rahI sAMskRtika pravRttie calAvatI aneka vidha saMsthAne potAnI pratyakSa ane parokSapaNe sevA apIne sarvatra sArUM evuM mAnapAna pAmyA che. eTaluM ja nahi paNa tA. 26-2-1971nAM rAja gujarAtI maDaLanAM navAM makAnanuM khAta muhurta bhAizrI joSInA zubha haste karAvI kharekhara guja rAtI samAje temanI nisvArtha sevAnI apUrva kadara karI che. lagabhaga paMdara lAkha rUpiyAne kharce cha mALanu AlIzAna makAna puranussAmAM taiyAra thaI rahyu che. jemAM sthAnika

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1014 pravRttio uparAMta eka suMdara atithigRha paNa banaze. A kAryakrama mATe pite athAga mahenata uThAvI rahyA che. vatanathI dUra hovA chatAM vatanane bhUlyA nathI. koIpaNu gujarAtI madrAsane AMgaNe jue che. te tene jotAM ja potAnuM haiyuM AnaMdathI pulakita banI jAya che. A che temane vatana pratye agAdha prema temanAM jIvanamAM dharmanA saMskAra mamatA, sneha ane ucca kuTuMba bhAvanA temaja uttama saMskAranuM darzana thAya che. zrI caMpakalAla gIradharalAla dhanajI dhaLAnA nAme amarelInA nAnA moTA sau kenA paricita evA saMskArI kuMTubamAM saM. 1975mAM bhAI caMpakalAlano janma thaye saMvata 1990 sudhImAM mAdhyamika keLavaNI prApta aDhAra varSanI kizora vaye pitAnA vaDile e AraMbhelA dhaMdhAmAM joDAI gayA. pitAzrI gIravaralAlabhAIne sevA ane saMskArano vArase traNe baMdhu bevaDImAM sarakhe hase veheMcAye. eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 mALI vaNika velaphera eNsAyaTImAM teo AgaLa paDato bhAga le che. zrI jamanAdAsa nAnacaMda mahetA bhAvanagaranA zrI jamanAdAsabhAInuM bALapaNa DuMgaramAM vItyuM. vArasAgata dhaMdhAmAM khoTa AvatAM dhaMdho baMdha kare paDyo che ke pAchaLathI te badhI rakama cUkavI ApI aNIzuddha pramANikatAnuM dRSTAMta pUruM pADyuM. bhAvanagara AvIne prathama kendrAkaTaranuM kAma pasaMda karyuM. A kAmanI zarUAta phakta pAMca rUpIAthI ja karelI Aje lAkho rUpiyAnuM kAma temanI peDhI kare che. mANasa buddhinA phAMTA paDavA dIdhA vinA jo eka niSThAthI kAma karyuM jAya te siddhi ane saphaLatA sApaDe che. tenuM A jvalaMta udAharaNa che. amarelI, kapALa mahAjananA vahIvaTI kSetre amarelI vyApArI maMDa . tathA mArkeTa yArDa zrI gIradharabhAI myujhIyama pArekha dezI kapaLa beDiMga tathA zeTha paramANaMdadAsa kALa bALA zrama amarelI sArvajanika pustakAlaya vagerenA vikAsamAM saMcAlanamAM potAnI zakti-matI anusAra yazasvI kALo purAvatA rahe che. mu. zrI jagajIvanadAsabhAInA netRtva nIce A saMsthAnA saMcAlana kAryamAM varSo sudhI anubhava meLavI Aje A saMsthAnI sthAnika samitinA maMtrIpade rahyAM. varSothI pitAnI sevAo Ape che. paramAtmA temane sukhI lAMbu ane taMdurasta AyuSya Ape. zrI jayaMtilAla prAgajIbhAI pArekha zrI DolarabhAI mahAprasAda vasAvaDA (bI. e. ela ela. bI) - temane janma raMgunamAM thayele. beMtAlIzamAM barmA cheDI mahuvA AvyA, ane ela. ela. bI. thayA. vakIlAtane dhaMdho zarU karyo sane 1957mAM myuni sapAlITImAM joDAyA. atyAre vAIsa presIDenTa che. meDIkala borDanA ceramena paNa che. keLavaNI sahAyaka samAjanA maMtrI che. cAra varSathI sITI kalabamAM ekajhIyuTiva membara che. lAIbrerImAM kArobArInA sabhya che. rAjakAraNamAM pravezelA zrI vasAvaDA "pa3thI vadhAre sakriya che. nAgarika benkanA barDa opha DIrekaTaramAMnA teo eka che. janatA ke-opareTIva hAusIMga sosAyaTInA mAnadamaMtrI vagere aneka kSetre tenI sevA ApI rahyA che. zrI dolatabhAI jayaMtilAla pArekha muMbaImAM mahuvA yuvaka samAjanA staMbhana gaNAtA pragatizIla gRhastha zrI dolatabhAI aneka sAmAjika saMsthAnA sUtradhAra che. mahuvA yuvaka samAjanA maMtrI che. mahuvA temanuM vatana kapoLa samAjanI udAratAnA darzana jevA hoya te zrI dolatabhAInA vyaktitvamAM ja e pratibiMba paDe che. sAmAjika pravRttiomAM nAnapaNathI ja temane utsAha ane kAMIka sArU karavAnI tamannA hatI. udyoga kSetre paNa kAMIka sArU kAma karI dezane vadhu upayogI banavAnI AkAMkSA sevelI bacapaNamAM sevelA A uccattama Adarzo ane bhAvanAoe yuvAnImAM pravezatA mUrta svarUpa lIdhuM. udyogakSetre mULajI jeThA mArakITamAM kApaDanA dhaMdhAmAM saMpUrNa pragati sAdhI. emaNe A dizAmAM Atma saMteSa te meLavyo ja paNa temanI utkaMThA samAjane ghaNe uMce darajaje laI javAnI hatI. sadUbhAge sevAbhAvI sAthIo maLyA. jene laI zikSaNa kSetre vatanamAM zaikSaNika ubhI karavAmAM temaNe tanamana-dhana vicAre mukyuM. aMta cIvaTAI, kALajI ane anubhavane AdhAre samAjanI pravRttine prathama kakSAmAM mUkI emanI sevAnI kuca vaNathaMbhI rahI che. mahuvAnA jANItA pArekha kuTumbamAM zrI prAgajIbhAI pArekhane ghera emano janma. sAdhAraNa abhyAsa karI dhaMdhAthe. muMbaI AvyA. kApaDa lAInamAM khUbaja TUMkA pagAramAM nekarInI zarUAta karI. khaMtathI kAma karI saunA hadaya jItI lIdhA. uttarottara vikAsa sAdhI mULajI jeThA mArakeTanI agragaNya peDhImAM bhAgIdArImAM joDAyA ane I.sa. 1940thI svataMtra dhaMdhAnI zarUAta karI upArjana karela dravyano sadupavega emaNe pitAne hAthe ja karavA mAMDayo kApaDa bajAranA mahAjananA sabhya tarIke teo varSo sudhI rahyAM hatA. mahuvA keLavaNI sahAyaka samAja dvArA navAmAM zaikSaNika saMsthA ubhI karavAmAM temanuM sAruM evuM dAna che dazAzrImALI jJAtinA vikAsa pratye emanI uMDI sahAnubhUti che. chellA 25 varSathI teo tana-mana-dhanathI sakriya rasa laI rahyAM che. zrI dazAzrImALI boDiMga mahuvAnI teoe judA judA heddAo para rahI apUrva sevA karI che. taduparAMta dazAzrI. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha daSTi biMdu mAtra udyoga ke vyApAra taraphaja nahI paNa keLavaNInA vikAsa mATenA prayatnamAM saphaLatA maLe tevA temanA racanAtmaka vicArone kAraNe ane saumya, udAra ane namra svabhAvane kAraNe mahuvAmAM saMkhyAbaMdha sAmAjika sevA ApatI gaganacuMbI ImArate temanI javalaMta kArakIrdinI sAkSI pUre che. zrI dhIrajalAlabhAI bhAskara dholerAnA vatanI. 1942 nI rASTrIya caLavaLamAM bhAga lIdhe hate. racanAtmaka naItAlIma, prauDha zikSaNa, ane aspRzyatA nivAraNamAM ghaNA varSothI kAma kare che. sAmAjika pravRttiomAM vizeSa rasa dharAve che. varA dharamazI jAdavajI pAlItANAmAM jaina sevikAzramamAM sekreTarI tarIke jaina sevA samAja davAkhAnAnA TrasTIpade, pArevA juvAra khAtAnA pramukhapade, tathA jaina bhuvana dharmazALAnA TrasTIpade buddhi vijaya jaina pAThazALAnA TrasTIpade temane bIjI ghaNI saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAIne sevA ApI rahyAM che. pAlItANuM ejyukezana sosAyaTImAM paNa sAre e rasa le che. pAlItANA jaina sevA samAjanAM davAkhAnAmAM temanA pitA zrI jAdavajI kulacaMdane nAme rUA. 1500 nuM temaNe dAna karyuM che. te temanI udAratAnI pratitI karAve che. prazaMsanIya phALe ApI rahyA che teo chelalA dazabAra varSathI mATuMgA jaina svayaMsevaka maMDaLanA pramukha sthAne rahI yuvAnone preraNA ApI rahyA che ane jaina samAjanI sevA karI rahyA che zrI amarelI jaina vidyArthI gRhanA vikAsa prayatnamAM teozrIne mahatvano phALo che. ane temanA zubha haste saMsthAnA makAnanuM zilArepaNuM thayuM che. zrI vIracaMda pAnAcaMda kuTuMba patrikAnA temanA lakhANe rasaprada; bedhaka ane kuTuMba vAtsalya bharyA hatA. zrI vIranagaranAM temanA paramapujya pitAzrInA samaraNArthe sthapAyela zrI rUpacaMda pAnAcaMda chAtrAlayamAM paNa temano mahatvano phALo che. zrI naMdalAlabhAIe udyoga-vyApAra-samAja ane dharmakSetre Aja sudhImAM je yazaprApti karI che te temanI dIrdhadaSTi ane AtmavizvAsane AbhArI che. temanA jevA udAra ekanika, sevApremI ane saujanyazIla mahAnubhAva ApaNuM gaurava che. zrI naMdalAla rUpacaMda zAha puSpanI sugaMdha vAtAvaraNane madhura banAve che. paNa mAnava puSpa te Aptajane ane sAro snehI jane are ! janatA janArdanane sevAnI saurabhathI bharI de che. zrI naMdalAla rUpacaMda zAhanuM jIvana paNa sevAnI saurabhathI madhamadhI rahyuM che sevAmUrti rASTrapremI zrI vIracaMdabhAinA baDabhAgI kuTuMbamAM zrI rUpacaMdabhAIne tyAM I. sa. 1915mAM vIranagara khAte zrI naMdalAlabhAIne janma thaye hatuM. e vakhatanA samaDhiyALAmAM abhyAsanI vizeSa sagavaDatA na hovAthI zrI naMdalAlabhAIe bhAvanagara-dakSiNa mUti pAlItANa bAlAzrama ane lIMbaDI vidyAthI gRhamAM rahIne abhyAsa karyo. rASTrapremane raMga nAnapaNathI lAgyo ane 1930nI svAtaMtryanI laDatamAM bhAga laI dezaprema pradarzita vyAyAma ramatagamata ane taravAno zokha te e ke sAthIo cakita thaI jatA vIsa varSanI yuvAna vaye saurASTramAM sAbunuM kArakhAnuM zarU karyuM, temAM sArI saphaLatA meLavI, vyApAra arthe karAMcI gayA. tyAM paNa sevAkSetre noMdha pAtra kAma karyuM hatuM. goDalamAM harijana sevaka samAjanI temaNe neMdhapAtra sevA karI hatI. 1948 mAM karAMcI choDI muMbaI AvyA ane udyogapati thavAnA seNalAM siddha karavA teo kelIka InDasTrIyala ejInIyarsanA menejIMga pArTanara tarIke joDAyA ane Aje udyoga kSetre dezanA vikAsamAM sva. zrI nAnajIbhAI kALIdAsa mahetA prabaLa puruSArtha jvalaMta sAhasiktA ane IzvarakRpAnuM saphaLa ane subhaga milana eTale zrI nAnajIbhAInuM jIvana. puruSArthe emane karmayogI banAvyA. AtmAnI AbhA anekane preravAne mATe teo pAchaLa mUkatA gayA zeTha zrI nAnajIbhAIne janma vikrama saMvata 1944nA mArgazIrSa zukala dvitiyAne dine junA navAnagara rAjyamAM AvelA gerANA nAmanA nAnakaDA gAmamAM thayo hate. temanA pitAnuM nAma kAlidrAsa, mAtAjInuM nAma jamanAbAI AphrikAnA vasavATa daramyAna I. sa. 1918 sudhImAM bAvIza jInarIo temaNe ubhI karI. ane yugAnDAmAM kRSi mulaka yaMtra yuganAM maMDANa karanArAomAMnA teo eka udyogI-puruSa banI gayA paraMtu teo tyAMthI ja na aTakayA. lUgAjhI pAse kAvale DuMgara para jIjA ane kaMpAlA vaccenI phaLadrupa bhUmi e DuMgaranI AsapAsanI vizALa jamIna khetI arthe kharIdI lIdhI ane tyAM zeraDInuM vAvetara karyuM. pachI manasube karyo. ke syugara phekaTarI khADanuM kArakhAnuM tyAM ja ubhuM karyuM tyAra pachI yugAnDAmAM vyApAra vaNajane vikasAvyA rUno vyApAra hastagata karyo. yugAnDA DevalepamenTa kaMpanI ubhI karI pUrva AphrikAnI bhUmine phalavatI ane samRddha karavAmAM agatyano bhAga bhajavyo bhAratanA khyAtanAma anya vyApAra - puruSane yugAnDAmAM vyApAra arthe AvavA Ijana ApyuM hannara udyoga arthe yuropanI yAtrAe kheDI ane trikhaMDamAM temanuM nAma eka mazahura zAha sedAgara ane udyogapati tarIke jhaLakatuM thayuM. dezamAM ane paradezamAM maLIne e mANe karoDo rUpIA dAnamAM ApyA e dAna pravAhathI pUrva AphrikAnI nAgarika, sAmAjika, sAMskRtika ane dhArmika saMsthAo mahorI UThI ane bhAratIya jIvananA prathama dhabakArAne navA yuganA saMdeza sAthe emaNe e bhUminA janajIvanamAM jAgRta karyo. I. sa. 1934 khyAtanAma Ijana mAM temanuM thayuM Jain Education Intemational

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1016 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 pravRttine saMgIna pAyA upara mUkavAmAM lekabhAratI saNosara nA agraNI kAryakara zrI manubhAI davenuM sAmAjika pradAna paNa jANItuM che temanA vyaktitva ane jAhera jIvananA ghaDatara pAchaLa pUjya nAnAbhAI ane manubhAI paMcoLInI hapha ane doravaNI rahelA che. zaikSaNika ke sAhityika racanAtmaka ke rAjakIya kSetre UMcA mUlyo sAthe kAma karatA taravarIyA yuvAnane pretsAhana ApavA ane uMce sthAthe pahoMcADavA pAchaLanI temanI udAra manavRtti prazaMsanIya che. anya racanAtmaka kArya karonI sarakhAmaNImAM zrI manubhAI davenI zakita anekagaNI hovA chatAM sthAna meLavavAnI vRtti ane prayAsothI haMmezA dUra rahyAM che AvA kAryakara bhAgye ja najare paDe. zrI manubhAI e koTInA che. haLavI ramUjavRtti ane mANasane samajavAnI temanAmAM zakita che. kelerI kanyA nA karI, deza vikasAvyA ane putroe mAM porabaMdaramAM mahArANA milsanI sthApanA karI Aje e vastra sarjana karatI mila adyatana ane AMzika rIte svayaM saMcAlana dvArA hindanI agragaNya milamAM sthAna pAmI rahI che. tyAra pachI jagadIza InDasTrIjhanI sthApanA karI. vanaspatinuM eka bRhada kArakhAnuM zarU karyuM. svAtaMtrya prApti pachInAM varSomAM hindamAM porabaMdara pAse rANAvAvamAM saurASTra simenTa enDa kemikalsa varkasa pablika limiTeDanI mahetA parivAre sthApanA karI ane yugAnDAnA svAtaMtrya pachI temanA putroe yugAnDA ane keniyAmAM udyogane vikasAvyA ane nUtana udyogenI paNa sthApanA karI, dezamAM nivRttakALa daramiyAna rahIne AryakanyA gurUkuLa mahAtmA gAMdhI kIrti maMdira, mahilA keleja, bhAratamaMdira javAharalAla naherU leneTerIyamanI piorabaMdaramAM sthApanA karI. bhagavatI sarasvatI devIne bhArata mAtA ne dezanA zreSTha lAkanAyakone temaja saMskRti purUSone sannArIene emaNe bhAvapUrNa artha Apyo. jApAna, yurepa, pUrva AphrikA, hogakaeNga IjIpta, Ithe piyA, brahmadeza ane silenanI temaNe jema sthULa saMpittanA upArjana arthe yAtrAo karI tema bhArata varSanAM badrikedAra amaranAtha ane uttarAkhaMDanAM ane dakSiNa bhAratanAM mukhya dhAmenI anekavAra yAtrA karI. bhAratanAM saMta mahetAnA darzana karyA ane AdhyAtmika saMskArane satata jAgRta rAkhavA purUSArtha karyo. bhAratanAM lagabhaga badhAM ja mukhyatIrthadhAmomAM AphrikAnI zikSaNa-dharma ane samAjanI vividha saMsthAomAM nAIrobInI gAMdhI meriala ekeDemImAM muMbaInI bahada bhAratIya samAjanA I-Tara nezanala hAusanA vidhAnamAM ane pravRttimAM zAMtinIketana, gurUkula kAMgaDI, Arya kanyA mahA vidyAlaya vaDodarA, mahAtmA gAMdhI harijana Azrama chAyA tilaka svarAjya phaMDa, maharSi dayAnaMda smAraka TaMkArA, surata vanitA vizrAma, haridvArA ane rASTraghaDataranI saMsthAomAM tIrtha ane tIrthaghAToe purAtana maMdiranA jIrNoddhAramAM ane navAM maMdiramAM mUrti pratiSThA karAvavAmAM emanI aDhaLaka saMpattine adhika bhAga emaNe kharae teo sAhasika udyogapati ane samartha dAnavIra te hatA ja paNa saMskRti ane dharma pratyenI temanI bhakitae temane samAja sudhAraka, dharma sudhAraka ane kanyA keLavaNInA prakhara puraskartA banAvyA emanI smRti emanA parivAradvArA racAelAM nirvANa maMdira ane maMdira dvArA sacavAI rahI che ane "skRti ane saMkRti' nAmane buhada graMtha emanI jIvana gAthA emanA preraka saMsmaraNo ane emane ja saMskRti priya hatI te saMskRtinI nirdazanA karate varase sudhI emanI yazasvI, akSaya ane ane pUrNakaleka jIvanamahimAne AvanArI peDhIne khyAla Apaze. zrI manubhAI dave maNAra saghanakSetra yojanAnI racanAtmaka ane sahakArI zrI manasukhalAla khImacaMda pArekha pAlItANAnA vatanI. janma 16-7-1934. abhyAsa meTrIka nAnI uMmaramAM ja pitAnA vyApAra vyavasAyamAM joDAyA sAthe rASTriya pravRttiomAM paNa sakriya rIte bhAga letA rahyAM. vidyAthI pravRtti 1950 thI 54 pAlItANA hAiskUlanA vidyAthI maMDaLanA pramukha maMtrI 1955mAM yuvaka koMgresa maMtrI '62 mAM tAlukA koMgresa kAryAlaya maMtrI, racanAtmaka maMDaLanA maMtrI sarvodaya pustakAlaya harijana chAtrAlaya, sarvodaya lekazALA vagere saMsthA sAthe kAryavAhaka kamiTimAM mahatvane bhAga. sahakArI ane pachAtavarga pravRtti A banne zekhanA viSaya hatA. 1962 pachI rAjakIya nirAzA-svataMtra vyApAra mATe muMbaI sarvodaya vicAradhArA sAthe haju paNa saMkaLAyelA che. svabhAve AnaMdI, maLatAvaDA, niyamita ane hasamukha hoIne ekaja mulAkAtamAM bIjAnuM dila jItI levAnI temanAmAM umadA kaLA che. lekhaMDanA dhaMdhAmAM be paisA kamAyA -- chatAM lezamAtra garva na hovAne temane e ekamAtra pratichAne sabaLa purAve che. bhAvanagaranA udyoga saMcAlakomAM temanI gaNanA thAya che. lokhaMDa skepanA dhaMdhAmAM ghaNI moTI siddhi hAMsala karI che sevAbhAvI manavRttivALA hAIne sAmAjika saMsthAonI dareka pravRttiomAM ghaNuM ja umadA rasa laI rahyAM che. dayA namratA ane paropakArane vAra pitAzrI pAsethI maLe eTale dhArmika pravRttiomAM paNa vadhAre rasa bhe che. vatana pAlItANAne bhUlyA nathI. tyAMnI kaI paNa sAmAjika pravRttine temanuM anumodana ane preraNA hoya ja. muMbaIthI mitro pAsethI dAna apAvavAmAM paNa temanI sArI evI jahemata che. samAjasevA ane udyogakSetre ghaNI sArI sevA ApI rahyAM che. zrI manubhAI bI. zAha prA. manubhAI bI. zAhane janma 1 lI me 193hmAM mahesANA jillAmAM AvelA karabaTIA (uttara gujarAta) Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 1017, nAmanA nAnA gAmaDAmAM thayeluM. prAthamika zikSaka tyAMnI gAmaThI zALAmAM upalabdha karyA pachI mAdhyamika zikSaNa visanagaranI nUtana sarva vidyAlayamAM saMpAdana karyuM temaNe ucca zikSaNa amadAvAdanI hAlanI eca. keArTasa koleja, saradAra valla bhabhAi komarsa keleja ane gujarAta kelejanA anusnAtaka kendramAM prApta karyuM hatuM. arthazAstra sAthe snAtakanI ekAunTansI sAthe snAtakanI ane itihAsa sAthe anusnAtakanI parIkSAo temaNe dvitIya vargamAM uttirNa karI hatI. ema.e. nI parIkSAmAM teo itihAsa viSayamAM sarva prathama AvI ArTasa enDa kemarsa koleja LakAmAM 163 mAM adhyApaka tarIke joDAyA. A pUrve temaNe amadAvAdanI sI. ena vidyAvihAra mAM zikSaka tarIke kAmagIrI bajAvI hatI. Arthika saMjogo sAme jhajhumIne nekarI sAthe abhyAsa cAlu rAkhI satata khaMta utsAha ane parizramathI teo ApabaLe AgaLa AvelA eka tejasvI ne AzAspada yuvAna che. - atyAre teo amadAvAdanI bI. DI. ArTasa koleja phera galarsamAM chellA ATha varSothI itihAsanA adhyApaka tarIke sevA ApI rahyA che. lekhana, vAMcana, saMgIta ane kalA e temanA priya zekha che vakatRtva, nibaMdha spardhA ane kAvyaspardhAmAM abhyAsa kALa daramiyAna temaNe aneka pAritoSika meLavyAM che temaNe atyAra sudhImAM ItihAsa para cAra, bhUgoLa para be, nAgarika zAstra-rAjya baMdhAraNa para eka, vizvanA dharmo para eka ane rAjyataMtra para eka ema kula nava pustake temaja itihAsane judA judA pAsAo para lekho -lakhANa lakhIne prakaTa karela che. rahyo che. naitika mUlyanA sthApana mATe temaNe aneka sAMpradAyika saMsthAo zarU karI che. saMpradAyanuM eka calacitra surasAdhanAnuM citra paNa utArIne temanI zaktinI ApaNane pratitI karAvI che. temane tyAMnAM sArA atithI satkAra uparAMta saMgIta, citra, zilpa, sthApatya ane sAhityanI udAratAbharI kadara thAya che. eTaluM ja nahIM pite kAvyo paNa banAve che. sAhityapremIchava uparAMta zreSTha dharmapracAraka tarIke temanI gaNanA thAya che. Do. zrI vasaMtarAya bakarANIyA pitAnA vyavasAyanI sAthe sAmAjika sevAone paNa eTaluM ja mahatva ApanArA bakarANIyAnI gaNanA karI zakAya. hAlAramAM jAmanagara tAbenA navA gAmanA mULa vatanI gurjara sutAra jJAtimAM keLavaNInuM pramANa nahivata hovA chatAM ucca abhyAsa karI nAmanA meLavavAnA keDa bacapaNathI ja hatA, eTale navA gAmamAM prAthamika zikSaNa pUruM karIne jAmanagaranI zrI zAmajI modI sevAzrama ane vidyArthIgRhamAM AgaLa abhyAsa mATe besI gayA. pitAnA senerI jIvananI saphaLa tAne yaza A chAtrAlayane Ape che. sAmAnya roga mATenA sAdA upAye ane prAthamika sAravAranuM kAma zIkhavAnuM paNa A chAtrAjIvana daramyAna maLyuM. bahu ja AsAnIthI meTrika parIkSA pAsa karI jAmanagaranI gulAbakuMvarabA Aryuveda meDI. kala kolejamAM cAra varSa abhyAsa karI 1951 mAM DI. e. esa. epha. nI upAdhI meLavI ane sau prathama bhAvanagaranI sara takhtasiMhajI hospITalamAM sevA ApavI zarU karI. temanI jhaLakatI kArakIdInA A zaruAtanA divase hatAM. vizALa anubhavanA bhaMDAra evA ane mAnavatAnI mUrti samA sva. Do. vaidya sAthe rahIne bahoLo anubhava meLavyuM. meLaveluM e kimatI bhAthu temane jIvanabhara upayogI banI rahyuM che. adyatana sAdhane sAthe pAlItANAmAM pitAnuM prAiveTa davAkhAnuM calAve che. sthAnika DokaTamAM temanuM AgavuM sthAna rahyuM che. lAyansa kalaba pAlItANAnA pramukha tarIke ane nArIgRha vikAsagRhanA pramukha tarIke temanI sevAo jANItI che. te zrI veNIlAla popaTalAla dozI zrI gosvAma mAdhavarAyajI mahArAja mathurA-porabaMdara saurASTranA vaiSNava saMpradAyanA AcArya ane dhArmika pravRttionA praNetA zrI mAdhavarAyajI mahArAjano janma bhAratanA zreSTha hAramoniyama vAdaka zrI dvArakezalAlajI mahArA jane tyAM . kalA, sAhitya ane saMgItane A kuTuMbamAM uttarottara vArase cA AvatA hovAthI e saMskAranuM zrI mAdhavarAyajImAM siMcana thayuM, saMgItanI uccakakSAnI tAlIma meLavavAne sadbhAgI banyA. temaNe aneka sthaLe prasaMgopAta saMgIta gAyakI ane vAdananuM abhivAdana karAvyuM. bhinna bhinna ghaNIe gAyakI para sAru evuM pite prabhutva dharAve che. sAdu nirAbhimAnI ane AdhyAtmika raMge raMgAyeluM temanuM jIvana che. mRdaMga vAdanamAM sAre evo kAbu dharAve che. teo bAlyakALa ja ghaNu tejasvI, susaMskArI ane saharadayI jaNAyA che, vaiSNava saMpradAyamAM Aje temanI pratiSThA asAdhAraNa vidvAna puruSanI jaNAya che, saMpradAyanA trimAsIka "agnikumAra" ne saMpAdanamAM mahatvane phALe mokhaDakAnA vatanI ane hAla pAlItANAmAM vyavasAyamAM paDelA zrI veNIbhAI vidyArthIkALathI ja tejasvI kArakIrdi dharAve che. jaina bAlAzramamAM vidyAthIgaNanA netA tarIke ujjavaLa suvAsa ubhI karI, niti, pramANikatAnA umadA khyAla sArA dhaMdhAmAM jhaMpalAvyuM. koIpaNa jAtanI jAherAta karyA vagara (maracAnI bhUkI) zuddha cakakhA mAlamAM temanI pratiSThA bahAra dUra dUra sudhI pahoMcavAne kAraNe dhaMdhAmAM pragati thatI rahI. dhArmika saMsthAo ane kAryo para paNa eTaluM ja mamatva. senagaDha pAlItANA roDa upara eka nAna Jain Education Interational

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1018 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asimatA bhAga-2 teo InTaranezanala pheDarezana opha ezyana enDa vesTarna pesIphIka kekaTarsa esesIezananA pramukha pade paNa maha-. tvanI kAmagIrI saMbhALI rahyA che. zrI zAhanI nAgAvI pratibhAnuM eka bIjuM suMdara pAsuM temanI zaikSaNika pravRtti ene lagatuM che. teo jaMbusaranI janatA keLavaNI maMDaLanA Adya ceramena che. temanI vidyA priyatA ane zikSaNa pratyenI niSThAne kAraNe A maMDaLa be kaleje ane eka hAIskUla calAvI AgekUca karI rahyuM che. videza khAtenI temanI sevAo haju cAlu ja che. 1970 nA navembaramAM dakSiNa amerikAnA AjenTinAnA nyunesa AIrisa zaheramAM maLelI bAMdhakAmane lagatI AThamI AMtararASTrIya pariSada keMgresanI beThakamAM teo DelIgezana laIne gayA hatA. te uparAMta 1971nA julAImAM laMDana khAte maLelI inTaranezanala pheDarezana opha yupIyana konTekaTarsa opha bIDIMga enDa pablIka varkasanI pariSadamAM paNa temanI netAgIrI nIcenuM eka DelIgezana saphaLa kAmagIrI karI AvyuM. kaDuM paraba vizrAMtigRha ane cabutarAnuM temaNe karAveluM suMdara bAMdhakAma pravAsIonuM khAsa dhyAna kheMce che. dhArmika vyAkhyAne ane saMgItamAM vizeSa rasa dharAve che. sva. zeTha zrI harilAla narottamadAsa saMghavI mahuvAnA vatanI ane varSothI muMbaImAM vasavATa karanAra sva. zeTha zrI harilAlabhAIe rUpiyA sAITha hajAra jevI mAtabara rakama ane udAra sakhAvata mahuvAmAM AMkhanI hespITala baMdhAvavA mATe AjathI pAMcavarSa pahelAM karelI. temanAM patnI zrImatI revAbAI harilAla saMghavIne AMkhamAM thayelI takalIpha ane tene pariNAme veThavI paDelI muzkelIone laIne prabhu be paisA Ape te pitAnA vatana (mahuvA)mAM AMkhane mATe eka hospITala karavI evI temanI prabaLa icchA hatI. A IcchAne sAkAra karavAnuM kAma mahA myunisipAlITIe zarU karI dIdhuM che. AjanA jamAnAmAM netrayajJa, cakSudAna vagere mAnava kalyANanI anekavidha pravRttio thaI rahI che temAM A hospITala eka anukaraNIya daSTAMta pUruM pADaze temAM jarApaNa zaMkA nathI. zeThazrInA jeSThaputra zrI dhIrUbhAIe pitAnA svargastha nAnAbhAI zrI kizanadAsanA kAyamI smaraNArthe eka kisana kriDAMgaNa banAvavA mATe rUA. paMdara hajAranI rakama bheTa ApI che. jenuM kArya mahuvA nagarapAlikAnA sahakArathI AgaLa vadhI rahyuM che. Aja pATIe 1954 mAM zrI rAjarAjezvaranuM maMdira mahuvAmAM navesarathI baMdhAvI mahArUdra yajJa karyo hato. sAmudrI mAtAnA maMdiramAM zilAlekha banAvavAne tamAma kharca temaNe Apyo hato. zrI harSavadanabhAI je. zAha zrI zAhe temanuM prAthamika mAdhyamika zikSaNa gujarAta rAjyanA bharUca jillAmAM Avela jaMbusara gAmamAM lIdhuM hatuM. ucca zikSaNa surata ane nAsikamAM laI chelle muMbaI yunivarsiTInI kAyadA zAstranI upAdhI sarakArI le kelejamAM abhyAsa karI meLavI. abhyAsa pUro karIne turata ja zrI zAhe nAnA pAyA para bIlDIMga konTekaTane vyavasAya upADI lIdho. temaNe sthApelI "zAha kansTrakazana kapanI" temanI UMDI sUjha vyavahAra-kuzaLatA ane kAryadakSatAne kAraNe vyavasthita rIte phAlI kulI. pariNAme Aja dezamAM "zAha kansTrakazana kaMpanI" eka AgaLa paDatI bAMdhakAmanI peDhI gaNAya che jenA DIrekaTara pade zrI zAha eja utsAhathI kAma karI rahyA che. temanA bAMdhakAmakSetranA bahoLA anubhava sAthe videzagamananuM pAsu paNa susaMvAdI rIte saMkaLAyeluM che. dezamAM ane videzamAM ghaNAM sthaLoe ghUmIne temanA anubhavane vikasAvyo che. temanI A badhI siddhione kAraNe teo osTrelIyana InsTITyuTanAM phele tarIke cuMTAyelA eka ane prathama bhAratIya che te deza mATe eka gauravapUrNa hakIkata che. eTaluM ja nahIM paNa hAlamAM sva. pUjya unaDabApu dAdAbApu-pALiyAda boTAda pAse pALiyAdamAM pUjya zrI visAmaNabApunI jagyAmAM dharma ane AdhyAtmika pravRttionuM varSothI saphaLa saMcAlana karanAra pUjya unaDabApune hamaNAMja tA. 19/2/73nA roja svargavAsa thayo. anaMta sumadhura smaraNo tathA preraNAo janasamAjane mATe mUkatA gayAM. - temaNe sanAtana dharmanA dharmagurU tarIke gujarAta ane bhAratanA jUdA jUdA bhAgomAM asaMkhya sevakane prabhuzrI rAmanA cIdhelA mArge preryA che. dArU mAMsAhAra ane jugAranI badImAMthI mukta karAvI sanmArge vALyA che. teo Aje adITha banavA chatAM anekanA jIvana paMthamAM pracaMDa jIvanabaLa banI rahyAM che. ane banI raheze. taraphanA temanA atyaMta mAyAyu premALa, udAra hasamukhA paropakArI ane dhArmika svabhAvanI sarvatra suvAsa phelAyelI che. temaNe khaMta ane lAgaNIthI dhArmika zikSaNa sAthe vyavahArika sUjha aMgenuM jJAna temanA suputra zrI amarAbhAIne ApyuM. sadavicAra e pavitra dhArmika vAraso' zrI amarAbApue jIvanamAM utArI premALa pitAe cIMdhelA mArge AgaLa dhapI rahyAM che. pUjya unaDa bApunI jIvana jyota paramAtmAnI mahAtamAM jyAre vilina thaI tyAre asaMkhya sevake ane bhAvikoe temane zraddhAMjalI apI hatI. zrI chelabhAI ojhA janma 10-9-1917nA roja bhAvanagaramAM AstikatA ne game tevI musIbatamAM Izvara para avicaLa zraddhA sAthe niSThApUrva kAma karavAnI vRtti, zALAjIvana daramyAna vyAyAma Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 1019 phIthI dhaMdhAkIya jIvananI zarUAta karI. nokarInI zarUAta vakhate bhAvInuM nirmANa keIe jANyuM hatuM paNa AgaLa jatA khaMta niSThA ane kunehathI mAtra be varSanA TUMkA gALAmAM eja vyApArI peDhImAM bhAgIdAra banyA ane pitAnI vIza. varSanI uMmare dhaMdhAnI sUjhane kAraNe peDhIne tamAma vahIvaTa pite saMbhALe. udyoganA-caMcAlananI kAbelitane kAraNe vepArI jagatamAM teo ghaNuM moTuM mAna ane Adara pAmyA. ane bALavargonAM saMcAlanamAM temaNe rasa levA mAM mAtI bAga vyAyAma zALAmAM zrI vajubhAI zAha, saradAra pRthvIsiMha vyAyAmanA pracAra-prasAramAM hRdayapUrvaka mAnatA ne tene mATe rAta-divasa vyAvyAmanA kSetramAM racyA-pacyA rahevA lAgyA ane jIvanamAM cAritrya ghaDatara temaja manabuddhine vikAsa vyAyama dvArA ja thAya evuM mAnatA thayA, pachInA gALAmAM pU. gAMdhIjInI racanAtmaka pravRti pratye abhimukha thatAM svadezIno pracAra, paradezIne bahiSkAra vagere rASTrIya caLavaLamAM sakriya bhAga bhajavavA mAMDayA. ne svayaMsevaka daLanA sAmAnya sainikathI mAMDIne tenA nAyaka thayAM. 1943nAM julAImAM temane cheDavAmAM AvyA. 1942 thI 1948 temaNe zikSaNakSetre prayegA karavA mAMDyAM. 1948mAM bhAvanagarane javAbadAra rAjaya taMtra saMpatA zrI chelabhAIne zrI manubhAI paMcoLInA sekreTarI banAvavAmAM AvyA. te jagyA para thoDo samaya rahyA. 1948 mAM bhAvanagara rAjyanuM saurASTramAM vilInIkaraNa thayA pachI bhAvanagara jillAnA zALAdhikArI tarIke temaNe sevAo ApI 1953mAM temane rAjakoTa khAte bejhika ejyu. ophisara banAvavAmAM AvyA 1954 mAM traNa mAsa mATe surendranagara zALAdhikArI tarIke rahyA bAda teja varSe pharI pAchA rAjakeTamAM esI. DIre. eka prAyamarI ejayu. thayAM, te muMbaInuM dvibhASI rAjaya thayuM tyAM sudhI rahyAM. bhAvanagara jillAmAM zALAdhikArI tarIke paNa rahyAM. eka varSa jAmanagara vibhAganA zALAdhikArI banyAM. mahesANA jillAmAM zAsanAdhikArI tarIke paNa kAma karyuM. amarelI jillAmAM zikSaNAdhikArI tarIke paNa kAma karyuM. maulika ciMtana dharAvatA zrI chelabhAI cheka nAnapaNathI ja kaIne kaI rIte zikSaNa sAthe saMkaLAyelA rahyAM che. emanuM valaNa zarUthI ja zikSaNanA kSetramAM cIlA cAlu paddhatine badale vadhu phaLadAyI, vadhu vyavahArU ne tejasvI kema bane te rahyuM che. zarIra, buddhi ne hRdaya traNene vikAsa kare te sAcuM zikSaNa AvuM temanuM maMtavya che. zrI kulacaMda parazottama taMboLI vepAramAM sAhasikatA ane udAratAnA guNae teo dinapratidina pragati karatA rahyAM ane 27 varSanI umare ja temaNe kalakattAmAM bhArata elyumInIyama varkasa nAmanuM vAsayunuM kArakhAnuM sthApyuM ane vyApArI AlamamAM nAmanA meLavI saurASTramAM paNa A dhaMdhAnI sArI taka dekhAtA aDhAra varSane kalakattAnA vasavATa pachI saurASTramAM AvIne paNa ahIM audyogika ekamenA maMDANa zarU karyAM. pitAnI 33 varSanI uMmare sane 1932 mAM rAjakoTamAM dhIraja meTala varkasanA nAmathI gujarAtabharamAM sau prathama pittaLanA vAsaNuM banAvavAnuM kArakhAnuM sthApyuM ane ra7 varSa sudhI tenuM saMcAlana karyuM. audyogikakSetre bIjI ghaNI AITema temaNe ubhI karI bhAratabharamAM cAMdInA vyApAramAM paNa temaNe ghaNI moTI nAmanA meLavI hatI. sAhasiktA ane udAratA temanA lehImAM ragerage vaNAI gayelA. vyApAra udyoganI sAthe sAthe zrI phulacaMdabhAImAM samAjasevAnI dhagaza paNa nAnapaNathI ja jAgI hatI. samAjane vikAsa thaI zake tevA pragatizIla vicArane samajavA tathA apanAvavA teo haMmezA prayatnazIla rahetA ane tethI ja teoe jAmanagara myunisipAlITImAM pramukha tarIke ekadhArI cha varSa sudhI sevA ApI hatI. dharmAnurAga ane sevA bhAvanAthI jemanuM jIvana ujajavaLa hatuM. jaina samAjane ane bIjI aneka sAmAjika saMsthAene jemanI sevAno lAbha aharniza maLatuM hatuM. gujarAtanA suprasiddha udyogapati ane jANItA dAnavIra tarIke yazakalagI prApta karanAra zeTha zrI phulacaMdabhAI taMbaLIne I. sa. 1899mAM jAmanagara jillAnA jAmavaNathalI mukAme eka jaina sukhI gRhasthane tyAM janma thayo. janma pachI pitAnI Arthika sthiti nabaLI thatI gaI. ucca abhyAsa karavAnI buddhi hatI tamannA hatI paNa vidyA upArjana karavAne badale artha upArjana karavAnI hAkala karatI hatI. nAnI uMmaramAM ja kauTuMbika javAbadArIo pitAnA zIre AvI paDI. cauda varSanI nAnI uMmare kalakattA gayA ane eka vAsaNanA vepArIne tyAM nika- saurASTra vidhAnasabhA ane muMbaI vidhAnasabhAnA koMgresI dhArAsabhya tarIke sAruM evuM kAma karyuM hatuM. uparAMta navA nagara cembara opha komarsanA pramukha tarIke ane saurASTranI anekavidha saMsthAonA agraNI tarIke rahIne sArI evI huMpha ApI hatI. sva.nA udAra ane dAnezvarI svabhAvathI bhAratanI gujarAtI prajAmAM teo lekapriya banyA hatA. jaina samAjamAM dAnezvarI daSTAMta tarIke muni mahArAja temane dAkhalo ApatA hatA dAna dharma cAritrya ane sAhasikatAnA viziSTa guNothI teo samAjanA dareka kSetramAM eka pratibhAzALI vyakita tarIke AgaLa AvyA hatA, jAmanagara koMgresane gaDha ekadhAre vIzavarSa sudhI ajaya rAkhavAmAM temane agragaNya phALe hate. AvA karmavIra 71 varSanI uMmare 13-10-69 nA roja svargavAsI thayA. jAmanagaranI samagra prajAe temane ApelI aMjalI temanA javalaMta vijayane pUrAve che. temanA suputre zrI dhIrUbhAI, zrI iMdubhAI, zrI bIpInabhAI, zrI manamehanabhAI vageree temane gaurava bharyo vArase jALavI rAkhyo che. zrI manamohanabhAI taMbaLI bhAvanagaramAM sTIlakAsTanuM saphaLa Jain Education Intemational

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1020 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 DAyagnasTIka eplIkezana opha kADayAka ketharAijhezana Ina sama ekavAyarDa hArTa DisIjhIjha" nAmanuM prathama mahatva pUrNa pustaka lakhI temaNe jagatanA vaidyakIya-sAhitya kSetre abhUtapUrva phALo Apyo che. A uparAMta rASTrIya ane AMtara rASTrIya kSetre temaNe pacAsa jeTalA maulika abhyAsa lekha, saMzodhana lekha, zikSaNa lekha lakhI vaidyakIya lekhana kSetre suMdara sevAo ApI che temaja ghaNu vaidyakIya jarnalasanA taMtrIpade kAma karyuM che. eDInabare, glAsage vagere vikhyAta DokaTarI saMsthAonI phelozIpa ane membarazIpa prApta karI che. hRdayaroge uparanI temanI AgavI sUjha ane saMzodhana zakitane kAraNe videzamAM yu. ke.nI esesIezana opha komanaveltha yunivarsITIjha ane ezIyana pesIphIka koMgresa opha kADIolejI jevI saMsthAoe hadayareganA viSayo mATe AmaMtryA hatA. hAla teo vilepArle (muMbaI) nI meDIkala kalaba, kenarI kalaba vagere DokaTarI saMsthAomAM sakriya kArya karI rahyA che. zrI esa. pI. marAThe. . hAlamAM te. jayAM sthAne karyuM ane saMcAlana karI rahyAM che. ane bhAvanagaranI nAnI moTI tamAma sAmAjika pravRttiomAM rasa laI rahyAM che. eTaluM ja nahI paNa emanA dilanI amIrAte ghaNI zubha pravRttione protsAhaka baLa maLyuM che. zrI araviMdabhAI ena. buca junAgaDhanA khAnadAna kuTuMbamAM 1920mAM janmelA zrI araviMdabhAI buce 1941mAM punAnI phargyusana kolejamAMthI bI. esa. sI thaI porabaMdaranI mahArANA mIsamAM kArakIdInI zarUAta karI. hAla teo amadAvAdanA TekasaTAIla lebara esesIezananA sekreTarI pade che. A uparAMta "ika" ane kendranA ane rAjyanA maMtrAlaya dvArA nimAyelI vividha samitio, barDajhamAM TekanIkala ejyukezana, seviMgsa, phekaTarI eDavAIsa, eprenTAIsa zIpa vagere bAbatamAM salAha ane mArgadarzana ApI javAbadArI bharyA sthAne teo temanI sevAo Ape che. hAlamAM teo sImenTa, kemIkasa, TekasaTAIlasa hojhIyarI vagere vyApArI kSetrenA, paMcAyata ane beMkanA karmacArIonA trIzathI vadhu TrephyunIyanenA pramukha tarIke paNa kAma kare che. vividha samitio, berDajha ane saMsthAomAM majhadUra pravRttione lagatA prazno, utpAdana ane vetananA prazno te bAbatanA talasparzI jJAna ane UMDI sUjhavaDe temaNe hala karyA che. rASTrIya uparAMta AMtara rASTrIyakSetre paNa TokiyomAMnI TekasaTAIlavarkarsa ezIyana rijanala egenI. jhezananA vAIsa presIDenTa tarIke sevAo Ape che. amerikAnI mizigana sTeTa yunivarsITInA zatAbdIutsava, perIsamAM yunesko varkarsa semInAra, "eka-70' audyogika meLe vagere prasaMgee hAjarI ApI rASTrIya ane AMtara rASTrIya kSetre majhadUranA dareka staranA praznothI paricita rahI haja temanI sevAo ApI rahyA che. De. zAMtilAla je. zAha (ema. bI. bI. esa, ema. DI. ema. Ara. sI. pI. epha. Ara. sI. pI. epha. AI. sI. e. epha. AI. sI. sI.) rAhasa hato hindanA gulAmIkALe karAMcImAM zrI marAThene vepAra dhamadhokAra cAlatuM hatuM, tevAmAM vidhine phura paMjo pharI vaLe. hiMdanA bhAgalA paDatAM zarU thayelAM AghAtajanaka ane hiMsaka banAvathI temanI vizALa imArata jamIna-dosta thai. pariNAme bhAratamAM AvI teo 1948 mAM sthira thayA. navesarathI nAnA pAyA para vepAra zarU karI teo lagabhaga daza varSa sudhI tenA vikAsa mATe jhajhUmI muzkelIo veThI. ATalethI saMtoSa na pAmatA teoe 1959 mAM madhyama prakAranuM ijanerI varkazopa muMbaImAM zarU karyuM. temanI gatizIla ane mahenatu dekharekha taLe A vakapa vividharIte pAMgaryuM. muMbaInI prImIara oTomabAIlasa, punAnI philisaInDIyA li. ane tevI ghaNI audyogika peDhIonI jarUriyAta saMtejatA A varkazopane have jagyA paNa aparyApta jaNAvA lAgIA vikasatA jatA varkazopane samAveza bhADutI madhyamAM nahi thaI zake tema ekAgracitte vicArI zrI marAThee marAThe udyoga bhavana" nAmathI oLakhAtI eka vizALa majalAe vALI ImArata 1966 mAM ubhI karI. ane tyAM temanA vividha audyogika sAhaso zarU karyA. tyArabAda temanA pragatizIla putra zrI esa. esa. marAThe, temanA jamAI ane eka kuzaLa Ijanera temaja TekanIkala niSNAta zrI ena. esa kelakara ane temanA ghaniSTha mitra tathA zubhecchaka zrI ema.jI. bhaTTanAM sahiyArA ane udyamazIla prayatnanA pariNAme A varkazopamAM eka navA proToTAIpa ophaseTa mazInanI DIjhAIna AkAra pAmI. A "sviphaTa-150" nAmathI oLakhAtuM ephaseDa DuplIkeTara mazIna "25 mApanuM che. eka mANasa paNa sAmAnya tAlIma laIne A mazIna calAvI zake tevuM sAdu ane upayegI yaMtra che A yaMtranI jhaDapa kalAkanA Azare hAla aDatAlIsa varSanI vaye De. zAMtilAla zAha vaidyakIya kSetre aneka vidha sevAo Ape che. ujajavaLa vidyArthI kArakIrdI daramiyAna InAma ane skolarazIpa sAthe AgaLa vadhI ghaNI vaidyakIya upAdhio temaNe meLavI che. hAla teo muMbaInI harakIzanadAsa hospITala anya hospITalamAM kArDIolejanA niSNAta tarIke sevAo Ape che. teo kArTIlejIkala sAyaTI opha InDIyA esesIezana opha phIjhIzyansa opha InDIyA, ezIyana pisIphIka sosAyaTI opha kADI olajI, jevI rASTrIya ane AMtara rASTrIya vaidyakIya saMsthAo sAthe sakriya rIte saMkaLAela che. Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 1021 sI. sI. nA sabhyapade rahI AgevAna keMgresI tarIke, 1969 thI 71 gujarAta rAjya nANAMkIya nigamanA ceramena tarIke ane dilhInA nezanalahArbara berDanA sabhya tarIke sevAo ApI che. A uparAMta zrI zAha lIMbaDInI ke. epa. spInIMga mIla, elaIDIyA pheDarezana opha spInIMga mIsa, gujarAta sTeTa ke. e. jamIna vikAsa beMka, sTeTa beMka opha saurASTra vagere beMka ane audyogika saMsthAomAM jvAbadArI vALuM sthAna saMbhALyuM che. temaNe aliyAbADAnI prakhyAta gaMgAjaLA vidyApIThanA ceramenapade, zrI gulAbakuMvarabA Ayuvedika sAyaTInA sekreTarI pade ane gujarAta Ayurveda yunivarsiTInA pratinidhipade sevAo ApI zaikSaNika ane vaidyakiya kSetre sAro phALo Ape che. strIo ane bALakanA sAmAjika praznomAM uDe rasa hovAthI teoe jillA bAlakanajIbArI. InDIyana kAunsIla opha sozyala velaphera, jAmanagara zALA, temaja AMdhaLA leko mATenI TrasTaphera InDasTrIala TrenIMga senTara jAmanagara vagere saMsthAonA ceramenapade rahI sevAo ApI che. Ama zrI zAha zaikSaNika sAmAjika, Arthika ane sAMskRI zakakSetranI vividha saMsthAo sAthe joDAelA che. traNathI cha hajAra mudraNa (chA5) jeTalI che. hAlamAM kaMpanI vArSika 60 yaMtranuM utpAdana kare che ane yaMtranI vadhatI jatI mAgane pahoMcIvaLe teTalI sAdhana sAmagrIthI susajaja che. A mahAna udyogavIra zrI marAThenA mAnamAM muMbaI myunisipala korporezane prabhAdevI reDa pAsenA eka mArgane appA sAheba marAThe reDa' nAma ApyuM che. je temanI mRtine kAyama mATe jALavaze. zrI ratilAla cImanalAla ke ThArI (je. pI.) zrI koThArI pAlanapuranA vatanI che. temano janma 1907 nA jAnyuArInI 24mIe vAva gAma (banAsakAMThA) mAM thaye che. 1922thI ja pIkeTIMganI caLavaLamAM joDAI temaNe sevAvRtane eka jIvanakArya gaNyuM. temanI hiMmata, pramANitA, nisvArtha sevA ane samarpaNanI bhAvanAe mahAtmA gAMdhIjI, saradAra paTela, bhUlAbhAI desAI temaja muMbaInA anya netAenA paricayamAM AvavAnI taka ApI. aMgreja zAsanakALa daramiyAna dInahIna prajA pratyenA julmathI temanuM hadaya dravI uThayuM. teo asahakAra ane satyAgrahanI caLavaLe, videzI mAlanA bahiSkAranI caLavaLa ane svAtaMtryasaMgrAmamAM sakriya rIte joDAI bI. pI. sI. sI. nI kamiTiomAM kAma karyuM. briTIza sahakAranI khaphA najara pAmelA gujarAtI sAptAhika prabuddha jaina" nA taMtrI tarIke paNa temaNe sevAo ApI. zrI koThArIe varSo sudhI vividha sAmAjika, zaikSaNika, sAMskatika ane DokaTarI saMsthAomAM sekreTarI, ceramena ke drasTI tarIke javAbadArI bharyA sthAna saMbhALyA che. muMbaImAM jaina yuvaka saMgha, sAyananI gujarAta ko. o. hAusIMga sosAyaTI, mATuMgAnI gujarAtI kalaba, pAlanapuramAM sArvajanIka chAtrAlaya ane bIjI ghaNI saMsthAone temanI sevAone lAbha maLyo che. khAsa karI embe DAyamaMDa marcanTasa esesIezana sAthe teo varSothI javAbadArI pUrvaka saMkaLAyelA che. A uparAMta gujarAtamAM pUra-honArata, bihAra ane aMjAranA dharatIkaMpa temaja anya samaye komIrakhANa vakhate pIDitAne kharAka, kapaDA ane davAo ApyA. temaNe aMgata dekharekhathI sevAo ApI che. temanI saMkaTa samayanI nisvArtha sevAone anulakSI 1948mAM temane je. pI. tarIke bahumAna karavAmAM AvyuM, hAla paNa teo bRhada muMbaI vistAramAM je. pI. tarIke sevAo Ape che. Ama samarpaNa ane sevAbhAvanA e temanA jAhera jIvananI eka AgavI viziSTatA che. zrI ke. pI. zAha zrI epha. e. phojhalabhAI 1905 mAM janmelA zrI phAjhalabhAIe 1928mAM eliphansTana kelejamAMthI bI. e. thaIne oTobAIla pArTasa ane beTarI saravIsa sTezananA kSetre kArakIdI ajamAvI, pariNAme 'ekasAIDa beTarIjhanA mahArASTranA vitaraka ane ejanTa tarIke kAma karatI emajhIla prA. lI." kaMpanI astitvamAM AvI. temaNe A kaMpanI dvArA eDIsana peInTa, reDIo, TelIvIjhana, rephrIjareTara vagere kiMmatI vastuonuM vitaraNa paNa zarU karyuM. muMbaInI prakhyAta primIara oTomobAIsanI pUraka saMsthA tarIke 1950 thI 60 sudhI 'primIyara oTo IlekaTrIka li.' nAmanI kaMpanInuM saMcAlana karyuM. eTomabAIla IlekTrIka sarvisanA kSetre suMdara kAryakSamatA dharAvatI A kaMpanInI zAkhAo bhAratanA mukhya zaheromAM vikasI. vyApAra-udyoganA kSetre zakitao dharAvavA uparAMta Atmazista ane cAritryane teo saphaLatAnI cAvI rU5 kaDIo gaNAve che. Ama zrI phAjhalabhAInI vyApArI kunehanA pAyAmAM tattvajJAna ane AdhyAtmika sAhityazekha paNa paDelA che. 1935mAM vyApAra kSetramAMthI nivRtta thaI teo vividha sAmAjika saMsthAo sAthe sakriya rIte joDAyelA che. osamANa jamAlI seniToriyama TrasTa, homIyopathIka sosAyaTI, nezanala skolarazIpa kAunsIla, InDIyana kAunsIla phora sezyala velaphera saMsAyaTI phera prIvenzana opha hArTaDIsIjha enDa rIhebIlITezana vagere vividha saMsthAomAM presIDenTa, vAIsa presIDenTa ke ceramenanA javAbadArI bharyA kAryo paNa karyA che. sakriya rIte thaI teo na jamAlI senA jAmanagara jillAnA aliyA (aliyAbADA) mata vistAra mAMthI 1972 mAM dhArAsabhya tarIke cuMTAyelA zrI kAMtilAla premacaMda zAhe jAmanagaramAM sTImazIpa ejanTa tarIke kArakirdInI zarUAta karI hatI. 1958 thI 67 sudhI e. AI. Jain Education Intemational

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1022 zrI vI. esa. cAkasI ( je. pI. ) zrI ceAkInA 1902nA AkaTobaranI 21mIe janma thayA che. bAra varSanI kumaLIvaye pitAne gumAvatA temane abhyAsa mATe kaThina parizrama veThavA paDayA. chevaTe muMbainI zerIomAM sAbu ane seAya jevI vastue lArImAM lai vecavAnuM zarU kareluM. 1921mAM muMbainA vikhyAta udyogapati (mahU ma) DI. epha. kAmAnI AMkhamAM eka kuzaLa kArakuna tarIke vasI gayA zrI kAmAe temane mamatA pUrvaka vividha kAryomAM AraMbhathI ja palATayA ane zrI cAkasIe paNa pramANIkatA, kA dakSatA ane udyamI svabhAvathI temanAmAM mUkAelA vizvAsane sArthaka karI batAvye temaja kAyadAnA kSetre kuzAgra buddhi hAMsala karI. 1931mAM mAMdagInA kAraNe zrI kAmA pratyenI sevAomAMthI nivRtta thayA. 1932mAM temaNe sauMdarya prasAdhanAnA kSetre jhaMpalAvyuM", TAMcA sAdhanA chatAM hiMmata, Atma vizvAsa, ane vyApArI dRSTine kAraNe dhImedhIme temaNe sthApelI elavIna sepa kuAM. lI. vikasI. 1948 pachIthI vividha prakAranA eilsa, pepasa, kemIkalsa, vagerenI AyAta mATe, ane tyArakhAda zIparAiTa, InskAransa kelenDara menyuphekacarIMga vagere vividha vyApArI kSetramAM temaNe saphaLatA pUrvaka kAmagIrI bajAvI ane mesarsa vIrajI tejI enDa kuAM. jevI prakhyAta bIlDIMga kansTrakaTara kaMpanI tathA mesasa cempIyana InDasTrIyala varkarsa jevI zAhI banAvatI kaMpanImAM joDAyA. joke prinTIMga presanA vyavasAyamAM temane ghaNI khATa sahana karavI paDI tema chatAM aneka vidha vyApArI sAhasomAM temaNe khaMtapUrvaka sevAe ApI. sarakArI akuzeA sAme temaNe tAtAmIlsanA ceramena zrIyuta Aya'gAnI madadathI laData calAvI. muMbaimAM 1949 ane 51mAM AMtara rASTrIya udyoga meLAomAM salAhakAra samitiomAM rahIne temaja elainDIyA iMka menyuphekacararsa esAsIezana ane gavarnIM hospITala phaMDa, mukhaI, vagere saMsthAomAM peAtAnI amUlya sevAe ApI temanA vaividhyapUrNa vyakitattva sAthe 1953thI 57 sudhI temaNe je. pI. tarIke paNa sevAo ApI. 1964thI temaNe jAhera kSetre nivRtti lIdhI pachI paNa mapAtra lAka ane penzanaronI sevAomAM rasa dharAvatA. temaNe 1969thI pharI je. pI. tarIke sevAe ApavAnuM zarU karyuM. teo jIvananI saphaLatA mATe sakhta parizrama pramANikatA ane mahuze izvaramAM vizvAsanI jarUra che tema bhArapUrvaka kahe che. jugAra ane vyasaneAnA viASI banI ane niyamita Teva keLavI temaNe 72 varSanI vaye paNa zArIrika taMdurastI jALavI rAkhI che. Jain Education Intemational eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 zrI indravadana prAjhulAla zAha amadAvAdanA garbhazrImaMta ane paropakArI kuTuMbamAM 1925 nA mArca 27 mIe zrI Indravadana zAhunA janma thayA che. temanA patni zrImati haMsAbahenathI temane kalpanA, pAlamI ane gAgI ema traNa putrIe che. zarUAtathI koleja samaya daramiyAna temanI abhyAsa kArakidI ghaNI tejasvI rahI hatI. bI. keAma. thaIne 1946 thI temaNe eka pachI eka anekavidha vyavasAyeAmAM jhaMpalAvyu. vepAra udyoga ane vANijyanA kSetre kApaDa, inzyoransa ane phAsInA vyavasAye zarU karyAM. teo tarUNa kema yala mIlsanA menejIga DIrekaTara pade kAma karI rahyA che. A uparAMta TesTIla lI.,''sImsa leboreTarIjha' sAthe paNa sakriya rIte saMkaLAyelA che. ane gujarAta rAjya na NAkIya nigamanA DIrekaTara pade rahI sevAenA lAbha ApI rahyA che. khAsa karI kaDalA porTaTrasTa ane tenI sAthe saMkaLAyela vividha sarakArI ane a sarakArI saMsthAone temanI sevAonA lAbha maLyA che gujarAta rAjyanI inDasTrIyala eDavAijharI kamiTi, emplAyamenTa kamiTi vagere saMsthAomAM paNa temaNe pratinidhi pade kAma karelu che. pratibhAzALI vyaktitva ane mIlanasAra svabhAva dharAvatA zrI zAha anekavidha kSetre, vyApArI sasthAo, anya khAnagI ane jAhera saMsthAe temaja sAMskRtika ane dharmAMdAsaMsthAone temanI kA dakSa, udyamI ane paragaju sevAone lAbha ApI rahyAM che. A saMsthAe paikI ola InDIyA menyu phekacararsa egenIjhezana, blAinDamensa eseAsIezana, TI. bI. rIlIpha engenIjhezana, dazA pAravADa viNaka ejayukezana sAsAyaTI ane lAyansa kalaba vagere saMsthAemAM javAbadArIbharyA hAdA saMbhALyA che. 1966-67 mAM te DIsTrIkaTa lAyansa gavanara pade rahI InTaranezanala presIDenTa merITa avArDa prApta karI cUkayA che. vizvanA moTAbhAganA dezAnA pravAse teo traNavAra jaI AvyA che. sAmI vyakitane pArakhI tenI pAsethI vivekapUrvaka ane makkamatAthI kAma levAnI adbhuta AvaData temanA svabhAvanI eka viziSTatA che. zrI madhusudana ramaNikalAla mahetA bhAvanagaranA vatanI madhusudana mahetAne janma tA. 20mI phebruArI 1935 nA rAja thayA che. bI. i. ( sIvila ) nA abhyAsa pUro karI tee 1970 mAM jApAna jai AvyA. cALIza varSoMnI yuvAna vaye paNa AtmavizvAsa, sAmAjika saMbaMdhA ane zikSaNuvaDe sUjha keLavI tee 1962 thI meTara lAIna kAsTayana phAunDrI, phayuala injekazana lAina vagere mazInarI kSetrAmAM AgaLa vadhyA che. lagabhaga rUA. pacAsa lAkhanA kharce vALI kAsTIMga phosanI vizALa audyogika yeAjanA paNa temanI vicAraNAmAM che. vyApArI-vikAsa uparAMta

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 1023 saMgIta, ramata-gamata ane pravAsamAM paNa temane rasa che. hAlamAM teo bhAvanagaranA "saurASTra samAcAra" dainikanI kArobArI samitinA sabhya tarIke ane "bhAvanagara sahakArI hATa' nA eka DIrekaTara tarIke paNa sevA Ape che. bhAvanagaranI nAnImoTI sAmAjika pravRttiomAM paNa sAre e rasa ce che. zrI Ara. ela. zamAM bhAvanagaramAM kAyamI vasavATa karatA ane paMjAbanA khAnadAna kuLanA zrI zarmAno janma 1929 nA okaTobaranI 28mIe thayela che. anDara grejyueTa thaI 1950 thI khetIvADI ane audyogika kSetre kAma kare che. pitA taraphathI zistano vAraso meLavI samaya ane kartavyane khyAla rAkhI teo jIvanamAM AgaLa vadhyA che. bIjA pratye viveka, rASTra pratye sevAbhAva ane chupI dAnavRtti temanI svAbhAvika vizichatAo che. hAlamAM teo bhAvanagaranA InDIyana sTIla rIrolarsa esosIezananA vAIsa presIDenTa tarIke ane bhAvanagara rAIphala kalabanA mAnad janarala sekreTarI tarIke sevAo Ape che.. vijayajI mahArAjanA samAgame jIvanamAM parivartana AvyuM. dharma, tatvajJAna ane yoga tarapha AkarSaNa karyuM paraMtu kuTu anI nabaLI Arthika sthitine kAraNe chelle muMbaImAM karI svIkAravI paDI. muMbaInA avanavA anubhavee hadayamAM dayAbhAvanA prerI. nirdoSa jIvonI hiMsAthI manamAM ajaMpa padA. karyo ane jIvadayAne pitAno dharma pharaja mAnI jIvadayA maMDaLI taraphathI aneka pazuone temaNe katala khAnAmAMthI choDAvyA hatA. jIvadayA ane gogrAsa mAsikamAM lekhe ane kAvyo ApIne janatAmAM A kAma mATe jAgRti lAvavA prayatna karyo. aneka maMthanene aMte amara AtmamaMthananAmane eka gadyapadya saMgraha saMvata 2002mAM pragaTa thaye. muMbaI choDyA pachI bhAvanagaranI pAMjarApoLanA sevA svIkArI. tyArabAda hAlamAM taLAjA tIrtha kamiTimAM pitAnI sevA ApI rahyA che. jJAna gItA' 'saubhAgya saurabha" ane "amara sAdhanA temanI kRtio che. khetIvADI utha siMha, A eka zrI sUrajaprakAza rAmacAre dhola paMjAbanA vatanI zrI sUrajaprakAzane janma 1935 nA junanI dasamI tArIkhe thayo che. 1960 thI teo eka buddhizALI ane sAhasika ijanera tarIke TekasTAIla mazInarInA kSetre kAma karI dezane upayogI cha jeTalI zodhakhoLa karI zakyA che. A uparAMta be viva upagI zodha karI TekasTAila mazInarInA kSetre mahatvano phALo Apyo che. A zodha paikI varlDa peTanTa dharAvatA "ilakaTrIka kaletha sijiMga mazIna mATe temane bhArata sarakAranA khetIvADI khAtAe rUA. 5000 (pAMca hajAra rUpiyA) nuM prathama InAma 1964 mAM enAyata karyuM che. 1970 mAM varlDa TekasTAIla meLo jevA ane temAM hAjarI ApavA teo perisa gayA temaja bhAratamAM prathamavAra utpAdana zarU karavA, teo 1972 mAM "phekaTa sTrecara DAyara" nAmanA khAsa yaMtranA abhyAsa mATe keneDA ane jarmanI jaI Avya bhAratamAM prathamavAra "pAvara TIlarsa' 'elIveTarsa? ane eskeleTarsa (yAMtrika sIDI) nA utpAdana mATe temaNe zepaLanA jJAnathI janAo vicArI paNa gujarAta sarakAranI nANAMkIya madadanA abhAve khAsa karI pAvara TIlarsanI yejanA sAkAra na banI. abhyAsa ane videzagamananA anu. bhava vaDe teo AgavI sUjha jALavI zakyA che. hAlamAM teo gurIcanI InTaranezanala kalaba ane muMbaInI DInarsa kalabanA sabhya che. zrI amaracaMda mAvajIbhAI zAha pacchegAmanA vatanI zrI amaracaMdabhAIne zrI kapura zrI kanubhAI jINudAsa laherI janma rAjulA mukAme thayo hato. sana 1930nI rASTrIya caLavaLamAM bhAga lIdho tyArathI 1942 sudhImAM dareka laDatamAM bhAga lIdhe ane avAranavAra jela bhegavI. 1944mAM teo junA bhAvanagara rAjyanI dhArAsabhAmAM bhAvanagara prajA pariSadanA sabhya tarIke rAjulAthI bInaharIpha cUMTAyA hatA. saM. 1948mAM junAgaDha sAme ArajI hakumatamAM bAbarIyAvADanA gIrAsadArone hIjarata karAvI. ane agrabhAga lIdhe hate 15257mAM saurASTranI dhArAsabhAmAM teo rAjulA-jApharAbAda vibhAgamAMthI cUMTAyA hatA. 1956-60 sudhI teoe bhAva nagara jIllA kalarDanA pramukha tarIke ane 1960-63 amarelI jIllA kala borDanA pramukha tarIke kAmagIrI bajAvI hatI. ane 1964-66 sudhI teo rAjulA tAlukA paMcAyatanA pramukha tarIke kAmagIrI karI hatI. teo sArA vaktA che. dAnavIrenA saMparkamAM AvIne lokakalyANanI pravRtti mATe lAkho rUpIyA jAhera kaMDomAM bhegA karI zakyA che. zrI kanubhAI laherInA nAnAbhAI amubhAI laherI paNa jAhera jIvanamAM nAnapaNathI paDelA che. rAjulA-madyA vagere vepAra dhaMdhAmAM paNa sArI nAmanA meLavI che ane vepAra vyavahAranI javAbadArI amubhAI laherI kheMce che teoe paNa rAjulA zahera sudharAInA pramukha tarIke rAjulA zaheranA vikAsamAM agragaNya phALe Ave che, A pradezamAM saMskArI ane sukhI saMpIlA kuTuMba tarIke laDerI parivAranI suvAsa che. rAjulAmAM pachAta varganA bALako mATe A kuTuMbe 50 pacAsa hajAranuM dAna ApIne jIvaNadAsa maganalAla sArvajanika chAtrAlaya karyuM che. Jain Education Intemational

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1024 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya amitA bhAga-2 nanA pramukha tarIke smola skela kamiTimAM nAnI bacatanI eDavAIjharI kamiTimAM nezanala Diphensa kamiTimAM thIephI. kala sosAyaTImAM vagere aneka saMsthAomAM kAma karyuM. sva. dalapatabhAI paMDayA zrI caturabhAI amIcaMda dezI mULa bhAvanagara jillAnA taLAjAnA TImANA gAmanA vatanI che. nAnI vayamAM dhaMdhArthe muMbaI gayA ane dUdhanI dalAlInA dhaMdhAmAM zrI gaNeza mAMDyA. eka pachI eka pragatinA pAna caDatA gayAM Aje dudhanI-dalAlInA dhaMdhAmAM pAyadhUnI upara temanI peDhI khUbaja jANItI banelI che kAbela ane vyavahAra kuzaLa A agraNI vyApArIe potAnA dhaMdhAne uttarottara utkarSa sAdhIne pitAnA kuTumbane paNa utkarSa sAdhya. putrone ucca keLavaNI ApI paradeza mokalyA moTA putra zrI jayaMtabhAIe DokaTarI lAinamAM AgaLa vadhI khUbaja nAmanA meLavI che, vatana TImANamAM paNa temanuM sArU evuM dAna che, taLAjA beDi"gamAM ane bIjI jaina saMsthAomAM temanI deNagIe temanA kuTuMbane yazakalagI caDAvI che. duHkhI jaina bhAIone madada, sAdhu-sAdhvIonI vaiyAvacca keLavaNI mATe madada, jirNoddhAra mATe jyAM jyAM pAtratA joI tyAM tyAM heja paNa pAchA paga mUkatA nathI. dharma kriyAomAM pUrNapaNe rasa letA rahyA che. ghaNI sAmAjika saMsthAo saMkaLAyelA che. sva. zrI kAntilAla vRjalAla nagarazeThanAM mubAraka nAmomAM bhAvanagaranAM zrI kAMti. lAlabhAI paNa bhUlAya tevAM nathI. ugatI yuvAvasthAmAM ja bhAvanagaranI nAnI moTI aneka saMsthAonAM prANasamA banI gayAM. svarAja AvyuM. paNa prajAkIya praznoe avAranavAra DokIyA karyA. tyAre prajAnA vyAjabI praznonI paDakhe rahyAM che. vecANaverAnI aitihAsika laData vakhate, phI vadhArA laData vakhate, honArata ke duSkALa Aphata ke sAmAjika sevAno jyAre jyAre sAda paDyo che tyAre eka yuvAnanI mAphaka temanuM lehI uchaLyuM hatuM. bhAvanagaranI takhtasiMhajI dharmazALA, paTTaNI smAraka phaMDa ane bhAvanagara ejyukezana phaMDanA pramukha tarIke, chabIlAjInI havelI, vaiSNava havelI mahAjanane vaDe, vidyottajaka phaMDamAM sekreTarI tarIke kapoLa boDiMgamAM cembara opha komarsanI menejIMga kamiTimAM AphreDa hAIskUla eDavAIjharI kamiTimAM cerITebala dharmAdA saMsthAmAM, roTarI kalabamAM DAyarekaTara tarIke, ane be varSathI Trejharara tarIke mANekalAla cakujI TrasTa phaMDanA TrasTI tarIke, harajIbhAI khojA sArvajanika skUlanI kamiTimAM pitAthI sevA ApI hatI. jillA kesamAM aneka dhArmika pravRttiomAM enI zakti soLe kaLAe khIlatI rahI. 1936-37 mAM prajApari Sada vakhate kaparAkALamAM sva. zrI baLavaMtabhAi sAthe gAmaDA emAM ghUmatAM. 1927 thI 152 sudhI vacce cAravarSa bAda karatAM satata bhAvanagara myunisipAliTInAM sabhya tarIke, bhAvanagara zahera ke gresa kamiTimAM upapramukha tarIke maMDaLa samitinAM ceramena tarIke DIsTrIkaTa lAIpha Isyu. ejanTa esesIeza bhAvanagara rAjya ghaNAM niSThAvAna ane pramANika sarakArI karmacArIo ApyA che. temAM sTezana mAstara zrI paMDayAno ullekha karI zakAya. teozrI tA. 9-7-68 nA roja devaloka pAmyA. zrI harSadarAya da, paMDayA sTezana mAstara zrI dalapatabhAI paMDyAnA jekaputra. zrI harSadabhAI gujarAta jamIna vikAsa benka li. mAM hAla DepyuTI menejara tarIke amadAvAdamAM che. zrI harSadabhAI paNa zAMta prakRttina ane milanasAra svabhAvanA hoI mitra vartuLamAM priya thaI paMDyA che. nikarInI javAbadArI hovA chatAM teo eka sArA pravAsI che. pravAsanA A zekhane kAraNe bhAratanA moTA bhAganA jevA lAyaka sthaLonI teoe mulAkAta lIdhI che. teoe yuropanA dezanA TUMkA pravAsanuM Ayojana paNa karela che. temanA svamukhe pravAsa varNane sAMbhaLavA ke vAMcavA e lhAvo che. pravAsanA zokha uparAMta junA sikakA tathA TIkITa saMgrahane paNa teo zekha dharAve che. zrI kulacaMdabhAI haracaMdabhAI dezI mahuvA pAsenA khuMTavaDA eka garIba mAtApitAne tyAM janma. mahuvA mAmAne tyAM nAnapaNa uchera ne saMskAra. zrI gokhalejInuM caritra vAMcatAM jaina samAjanI sevA karavAnAM keDa jAgyA kauTumbIka saMjogonAM kAraNe sAthI pahelAM pAlItaNu yazavijyajI jaina gurUkuLamAM suprinTenDanTa tarIke kArya zarU karyuM. traNa varSa pATaNamAM pati patnIne sAthe kAma maLyuM ane be varSa vIra prakAzamAM ane pachI vijaya dharma lakSmI jJAna maMdiramAM kArya karyuM. paMjAbI AcArya zrI vijya vallabhasUrinI AjJAthI paMjAba gayA. zrI AtmAnaMda jaina gurUkuLamAM 6 varSa niyAmakanuM kAma karyuM. 6 varSa pharI pATaNa jaina maMDaLa chAtrAlayamAM kAma karyuM. 6 varSa zrI cImanalAla nagInadAsa vidyA vihAramAM gRhapatinu kArya karyuM zrI yazovijayajI jaina gurUkuLamAM besI gayA. saurASTramAM sau prathama kemazIyala hAiskula 1943 mAM zarU karI pachI bhAvanagaramAM zeTha bhegIlAla maganalAla vANijya vidyAmaMdira karAvyuM. gurU kuLanI pratiSThA vadhArI phaMDa meLavyAne bhavya makAna taiyAra karAvyuM. 1962 mAM nivRtta tha aaN ane muMbaI gayA. 25 jeTalA caritre tathA bIjA upayogI pustaka lakhyAM ne leka priya thaI paDayAM. vakatRtvane paNa sAre zokha, kegresa tarapha bhakita, 1920 thI zuddha khAdInuM vrata Jain Education Intenational

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1025 vyApAra dhaMdhAmAM jhaMpalAvyuM temAM teozrIe uttarottara pragati sAdhI- ane harahamezA pitAnuM kAryakSetra vistRta karatA rahI. pitAnI karma zaktine lAbha judA judA kSetramAM Ape che. satata parizrama ane kuzaLatAthI temaNe thoDA ja samayamAM dhaMdhAne vikAsa karyo. potAnI kAryazaktine upayoga mAtra arthopArjana mATe ja karela nathI. vyApArI dhArmika temaja sAmAjika saMsthAo sAthe sakriya rIte teozrI joDAyelA hatA sArvajanika saMsthAomAM nAnI moTI rakamo aneka vakhata dAnamAM ApavA uparAMta teozrIe pAlItANunI keTalIka dhArmika jagyAomAM paNa sAre e phALe Apele che. tA. 10-7-70 nA teo svargavAsI banyA. udAra carita-dharmaniSTha ane vyavahAra kuzaLatAnI suMdara suvAsa jene ane jainettara samAjamAM mukatA gayA. e vArase temanA suputrae paNa jALavI rAkhe che. zrI ramaNabhAI bhAIlAlabhAI amIna, smRti saMdarbha graMtha che. zrI bhAIlAlabhAI mohanabhAI bAvIzI cUDA (jhAlAvADa)nA vatanI ane hAla ghaNuM varSothI pAlItANAmAM tabIbI kSetre potAnA vyavasAya uparAMta pAlItANu meDIkala esosIezananA pramukha che. ola inDiyA meDIkala esosIezananA varSothI sabhya che ane saurASTra kAunsIlanA sabhya che. uparAMta sAmAjika dhArmika zaikSaNika ane dhArmika kSetre zakya sevAo ApavA haMmezA prayatnazIla rahyA che. zrI akhila bhAratIya jaina vetAmbara konpharansanI mahAsamiti ane kArobArInA cuMTAyela sabhya che. prastuta konpharansanA gohilavADa vibhAganA pratinidhi che. "pUnA jaina tatvajJAna vidyApITha"nI ola inDiyA kArobArInA sabhya che. zrI zakhezvara pArzvanAthanI peDhI muMbaI saMcAlita zrI navapada ArAdhaka maMDaLa pAlItANAnA pramukha che. pAlItANA tAlukA zALA mATenI "zALA samitinA pramukha che. "dhI eDa boyajha yuniyana" mahAvIra jaina vidyAyala muMbaI, lIMmaDI jaina borDiMga, boTAda yu. ke. jaina borDiMga, AtmAnaMda jaina sabhA bhAvanagara, pUnA tatvajJAna vidyApITha, gulAba bAla mAsika gArIyAdhAra Adi saMsthAonA AjIvana sabhya che. sAhitya kSetre jaina e kha bA re mA si ke khAsa karI ne jaina meIka sevA samAja "suSA" "AtmAnaMda prakAza" "gulAba" vageremAM khAsa mAgaNIthI vizeSAMkamAM lekhe vArtAo-kAvya vagere lakhe che. bhUtakALamAM anya jUdA jUdA zretre jaina gurUkuLa siddhakSetre zrAvikAzrama, siddhakSetra bAlAzrama jinadattasUri, brahmacaryAzrama meDha brAhmaNa beDiMga AdimAM pramukha-maMtrI tarIke sevAo ApI che. pAlItANA tAlukA kesa samitinA upapramukha tarIke maMDaLa samitinA pramukha tarIke sevA ApI che. pAlItANu homagArDajhanA lekala kamAnDara tarIke kAryavAhI karI che. prAthamika sAravAranA vargo ane tAlIma zibiro calAvela che. ola InDiyA jaina - tAmbara konpharansanuM bAvIzamuM adhivezana pAlItANAmAM bharAyuM tyAre tenA svAgatamaMtrI tarIke yazasvI kAma karyuM. maNimahotsava TrasTa taraphathI sanmAna pAmyA che. sI. ema. vidyA layamAM vijJAna vibhAganuM udghATana temanA hAthe thayuM. zaMkhezvara pArzvanAtha peDhI taraphathI pAlItANAmAM thatAM zrI kesarIyAjI vIra paraMparA maMdiranA bhejanAlayanuM khAta muharta samAraMbha pUrvaka karyuM. jaina samAjanA tamAma samAraMbhemAM temanI kAvya prasAdI maLatI rahI che, pazcima bhAratanA agraNI udyogapatiomAM jeonuM AgaLa paDatuM sthAna che. temAM zrI ramaNabhAI bI. amInane paNa prathama haroLamAM mUkI zakAya, 1913 nA me mAsanI 19mI tArIkhe vaDedarA mukAme temane janma thayo. bacapaNa thIja zrI ramaNabhAIe potAnI tejasvI buddhi pratibhAnA darzana karAvyA. temanA pitA sva. rAjamitra bhAIlAlabhAI DI. amIna ke jeo 1907 mAM sthapAyela elembika kemIkala varkasanA mukhya Ayejaka hatA. zrI ramaNabhAI e bhAratamAM zikSaNa pUrU karIne mIkenIkala ejInIyarIMganA abhyAsa mATe jarmanI tarapha prayANa karyuM. ane tyAM cAreka varSa TekanI. kala kolejamAM abhyAsa karI 1934mAM dezamAM pAchA AvI dhaMdhA pratyenI temanI AgavI sUjha samaja ane AvaDatane baLe vaDodarAnA suprasiddha elembika kemIkala varkasamAM javAbadArIbharyuM sthAna svIkAryuM, navA mazInonI zodha, kemIkala glAsa phekaTarImAM navuM Ayojana ane navI daSTine pariNAme avanavA prayogo karatA rahyAM. ane temanuM vAstavika maMDANa anekene preraNAdAI banyuM. dhaMdhAnA vadhu vikAsa arthe 1937 mAM jApAna ane 1939 mAM yuropa ane amerikA jaI tyAMne kArakhAnAmAM thatA utpAdana vecANa vagere bAbatene paNa abhyAsa karyo. mAnavajIvana mATe anivArya evA penIsIlIna'nuM saMpUrNa bhAratIya Dhabe banAvavAnuM mAna elembikane phALe jAtra che. baraDA ane gurAtamAM udyogonA mULa uMDA nAkhavAmAM temanI vicakSaNa buddhi zaktie kAma karyuM che. vaDodarAmAM AvelA glAsa meIkIMga plAnTa eziyA bharamAM sauthI moTo che. dakSiNa bhAratanI mAMga vadhatA beMgaleramAM paNa A udyoganA maMDANa karyA che. vikAsa pragati ane viziSTa udyoganA saMcAlanamAM satata kAryazIla ane miksa hovA chatAM aneka saMsthAonA preraNAdAtA banyA che. sAmAjika sva. zrI manasukhalAla oghaDabhAI zAha gujarAtamAM surendranagara jillAnA devacarADI gAmamAM saMskArI jaina parivAramAM temano janma thaye. dhArmika sahi gutA, udAratA vagere saguNe temane vArasAmAM maLyA-ghaNA varSothI vyApAra dhaMdhArthe muMbaImAM vasavATa karyo. nAnI uMmaramAM Jain Education Intenational

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eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 1026 ane zaikSaNika savAlamAM haMmezA rasa lIdho che. eTaluM ja nahi temanuM mArgadarzana upayogI banyuM che. zrI ramaNalAla bhogIlAla zAha zeThazrI ramaNIkalAla bhegIlAla zAha je badhA zrI bakubhAInA nAmathI jANItA che. temane janma amadAvAdamAM sane 1918mAM thaye hate. meTrIka sudhI abhyAsa karI pitAnA pagale cAlI temaNe kApaDa udyogamAM jhukAvyuM ane bhAvanagaranI mahAlakSmI mIlanA DIrekaTara ane janarala menejara tarIke nimAyA. 1937nI sAlamAM kApaDa udyoganA abhyAsa mATe jApAnane pravAsa kheDyo. 1940mAM bhAvanagaramAM mAsTara silka milasanI sthApanA thaI tenA menejIMga DIrekaTara tarIke nImAyA ane temanI rAhabarI nIce mAsTara silka mIle apratima pragati sAdhI che. bhArata sevaka samAjanA bhAvanagara jillAnA saMyojaka tarIke emaNe 1954 thI 1965 sudhI lAgalAgeTa sevA ApI ane bhArata sevaka samAjanI pravRttio vikasAvI. myunisipAlITI sudharAInI 1963nI cUMTaNImAM pracaMDa bahumatithI cu TAI AvyA hatA. saMgIta maMDaLanA tathA abhinava saMgIta kaLA maMDaLanA pramukha tarIke, saurASTra cembara opha komarsanA pramukha tarIke ola inDiyA menyuphekacarsa esosIezananA saurASTra rInala barDanA pramukha tarIkenI paNa emanI sevA ghaNI upayogI banI che. teozrI audyogika kSetre ATha jeTalI lImITeDa kaMpanIomAM DIrekaTara tarIke che. leka zikSaNa TrasTa, gAMdhI smRti, saradAra smRti, zrI khoDiyAra maMdira TrasTa, zrI jaina bAla vidyArthI . bhavana, zrI tAladhvaja jaina vidyArthI gRha, zrI tAladhvaja jaina zvetAMbara tIrtha kamITI vagere saMsthAomAM TrasTI tarIke che. A uparAMta ghaNI jAhera saMsthAomAM teo sabhya tarIke sevA ApI rahyA che. saurASTra yunivarsiTI tathA veja barDa phera silka InDasTrI, vageremAM teo sabhya che. zrI acala bhAratIya tatva darzananA AzrayadAtA murabbI che. gujarAta sarakAre zrI bakubhAinI sevAone lakSamAM laI onararI mejIsTreTa je. pI.) banAvyA che. zrI zeraalIbhAI DI. varatejI I sa. 1920nA phebruArInI 20 mI tArIkhe eka madhyamavargIya kuTuMbamAM janma thayo. bALapaNa madhyama kakSAnuM vityuM. majhahabI tAlIma ghera ane madresAmAM prApta karatAM karatAM sanAtana dharma hAiskulamAM jIvananA Avazyaka ghaDatara mATe 9 mI zreNI sudhI abhyAsa karyotyAra pachI saMjogavazAta abhyAsa adhure mUkI temanA vaDIlee sthApela gRhaloganI gatIne vegavAna banAvavA teo paNa kAryarata rahyAM. dhIre dhIre A kSetramAM abhUtapUrva siddhi hAMsala karI. A siddhi ane pragati pAchaLa temanA vaDIlenuM preraNAbaLa ane pitAne AtmavizvAsa tathA bhAIone saMpUrNa sahakAra prApta thatAM gujarAtabharamAM 215 sAbunI kalITI jALavavA pAchaLa mukhya saMcAlaka zrI zeraalIbhAI tathA tenA baMdhuenI nItimatA ane saiddhAMtika paribaLa mahatvanA che. guptadAnamAM vizeSa mAne che. temanA putra paukI sauthI moTA putra zrI esa. esa. varatejI ema. DI. che ane pitAnuM kalInIka calAve che. bIjA putra zrI yusuphabhAI ophisanuM kArya saMbhALe che. trIjA putra zrI hedarabhAI phekaTarI saMbhALe che. zrI nizArabhAI bI. kemanA vidyAthI che. pitAnI pragatimAM kudaratI kRpA gaNe che. zrI ke. ke. saravaiyA - chellA ghaNA samayathI pAlItANA tAlukAmAM paMcAyata ane sahakArI kSetre zrI saravaiyA kAma karI rahyAM che. tAlukA paMcAyatanA pramukha tarIke, tA. ba. va. saMghanA pramukha tarIke tathA tAlukA ane jillAnI jUdI jUdI kamiTiomAM kAma karatAM rahyAM che. kaMjaraDA temanuM vatana, jAtamahenatathI khetI kare che. khetImAM navA navA prayoga karIne khetIne samRddha banAvI che. tAlukA paMcAyata dvArA pitAnA vahIvaTa daramyAna lAkha rUpiyAnA kAme pUrA karAvyA che. zrI bI. eca. vorA bahu ja nAnI uMmarathI saMgIta, ramatagamata, ane jAherajIvanamAM kAmane zokha hovAne kAraNe tathA mArkasa leninanuM krAMtikArI sAhitya vAMcana mananane lIdhe zrI verA chellA doDha dAyakAthI rAjakAraNamAM sakriya kAmagIrI karI rahyAM che. pAlItANu ane jillAnA saLagatA prazno hAthamAMlaI lokaAMdolananuM Ayojana prasaMgopAta karatA rahyAM che. pAlItANu nagarapAlikAnA pramukha tarIke. dhArAsabhAnA sabhya tarIke, komyunisa pArTInA agraNI tarIke temaja bIjI ghaNI sAmAMjika saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA rahIne kAma karyuM che. pUrva jarmanI bhAratanA ghaNA sthaLenuM paribhramaNa karyuM che. zrI harizaMkara kaMvarajI deve gujarAtanA vyApArI kSetre jemanuM nAma AgaLa paDatuM gaNAya che ane pitAnI svayaM zaktithI bhAre meTI yazakIrti prApta karanAra zrI harizaMkarabhAI dave mULa bhAvanagaranA vatanI IzvarI zakitamAM ananya zraddhA sevanAra zrI dave sAhebanA jIvanamAM keTalAe evA prasaMge AvyA che paNa satyaniSTane rAha badale nahI. gujarAtanI khyAtanAma vyApArI peDhIomAM zrI eca. ke. davenI peDhInuM nAma ghaNu ja AgaLa paDatuM ane sAhasika gaNI zakAya. zIpIMga ane pheravaDIMganA dhaMdhAmAM A peDhIe prathama haroLamAM sthAna lIdhu che. gujarAtanA tamAma baMdaro upara A peDhInI zAkhAo kAma karI Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 1027 rahI che. zrI harizaMkarabhAIne mAtra traNa gujarAtI sudhI meLavI ApavAnA AzayathI sahakArI kSetre jInIMga presIMga ja abhyAsa, paNa bacapaNathI eka-jIvananI zarUAta judI phekaTarI ane eIla mIlenuM Ayojana karI rahyAM che. jUdI jagyAe TUMkA pagArathI nokarI dvArA karI ane pramANikatAthI kAma karI saunA hadaya jItI lIdhAM ane baMdarane - zrI amRtalAla muLazaMkara trivedI lagatA kAmakAjamAM tathA mAlanI jhaDapI herapheramAM mana vaDhavANanA vatanI ane hAla amadAvAda vasavATa karatAM parovyuM-theDI muzkelIone sAmane paNa kara paze, ane zrI amRtalAla trivedIe zilpasthApatyane kSetre 1983mAM chevaTe vyApArI AlamamAM sArI evI pratiSThA prApta karI. kAmanA zrI gaNeza karyA. 1944mAM zeTha ANaMdajI kalyANajI sAhasikatAne siddhi prApta thAya ja evI dRDha pratiti temane amadAvAdanA mukhya zipI tarIke nimAyA. 1950 pachI thatI rahI , jyotiSanA prakhara abhyAsI tarIke paNa leka AbunA vizvavikhyAta maMdiranuM samArakAma karyuM. mahAtmA cAhanA pAmyA hatA, temanA traNa suputra zrI ghanubhAI zrI gAMdhIjI samAdhimaMdiranA plAnanI vizvavahariphAImAM bIju zaMkarabhAI tathA zrI dInubhAI ane bahoLA parivAra Aje InAma meLavyuM. sane 1962 pachI zatruMjayanA maMdiranuM khUbaja sukhI che dAnadharmane kSetre temanI deNagIe paNa samArakAma saMbhALyuM. prAcIna kaLAnA A zokhane kAraNe A sAmAjika kAryomAM suMdara bhAta ubhI karI che. dizAmAM AgaLa vadhyA. sAmAjika kAryomAM, nAnA moTA phaMDaphALAomAM ane zikSaNa sAhityanI pravRttione A kuTuMbe hamezA pretsAhana ola InDIyA henDI-kAphaTa beDanI mArabala enDa sTona ApyuM che. eDavAIjharI barDanA nena ophisIyala membara tarIke temaNe sArI evI kAmagIrI bajAvI, 1964mAM vAstusAra ane Do. amRtalAla cakubhAI rAvaLa prAsAdamaMDana nAmanA zilpagraMthanuM bhASAMtara karI paMDita bhaga vAnadAsa jainanA AgrahathI zilpazAstranA viSayamAM temanI zikSaNa ane samAjasevAne kSetre Do. amRtalAlanI mUMgI sAthe zAstrArtha karyo ane saMpurNa vijaya meLavyuM. citrakAma, sevAo gaDhaDA tAlukAmAM mahekatI rahI che. ghaNA varSothI jAhera zilpa ane pheTogrAphIne temano zokha Aje 6pa varSanI kAryakara tarIke, gaDhaDA grAmapaMcAyatanA sarapaMca tarIke, keLa- uMmare eja jaLavAI rahyo che. vaNI samAjanA pramukha tarIke, jJAtinA pramukha tarIke, mAnava rAhata sevA samitinA pramukha tarIke temanI yazasvI sevAo zrI AzAbhAi esa. paTela (B SC.) paDelI che. temanA moTA putra DI. e. rAvaLa vidyAnagaramAM zrI. AzAbhAI zaMkarabhAI paTelane jIvana patha vaividhya prephesara che. bIjA putra araviMdakumAra rAvaLa verAvaLamAM cIpha -pUrNa sevAothI bhareluM che kizora avasthAthI yuvAna avameDIkala ophIsara che. AkhuM kuTuMba keLavAyeluM che. sthA sudhI jIvananI ghaNI kaThaNAIone aDIkhama sAmane zrI premacaMda tArAcaMda zAha. karI athAka parizrama khaMta ane dhIrajathI AgaLa vadhyA che, teone janma valAsaNa gAmamAM sane 1915 mAM thayuM hatuM, baTAdamAM rUnA moTA vepArI tarIke temanuM kAma jANItu 12 varSanI kumaLI vaye surata AvelA, garIbAIne kAraNe che. kamizananI peDhInuM saphaLa saMcAlana karI rahyA che. dhaMdhA- AgaLa abhyAsa karavAnI anukuLatA na hovAthI be varSa kIya pravRttionI sAthe sAmAjika saMsthAo sAthe paNa sudhI kumaLI vaye hoTala beya ane majurI karI AjIvikA saMkaLAyelA che. jaina zALAnA sekreTarI tarIke, beDiMganA raLavAmAM mA-bApane madadarUpa thayA. mA-bApane bejArUpa sekreTarI tarIke, mahAjana pAMjarApoLanA TrasTI tarIke, keTana thayA vinA sane 1940 mAM bI. esasI. thayA. sane esaezananA sekreTarI tarIke ema aneka jagyAe temanI 1942 nI hinda choDonI rASTrIya caLavaLamAM teo joDAyA. sakriya kAmagIrI che. sarakAre temanI dharapakaDa karI jelamAM mUkyA. 21 mAsanA jelavAsa bAda 1944 mAM teo mUkta thayA. jela mUkti zrI kAtilAla ge. Thakakara bAda sahakArI caLavaLamAM joDAyA, chelle dUdha utpAdako mATe temanA dudhALA Dhora ane kuTumbIo mATe Adhunika sagagArIyAdhAranA vatanI-sAta gujarAtIne abhyAsa, ghaNA vaDe sAthenI Azare rUA. 75/- paMcotera lAkhanI "Are samayathI sahakArI kSetre pAlItANAmAM kAma karI rahyAM che. A kelenInI nAnI AvRtti samI vasAhata yojanAne paNa ve. saMghamAM 1965thI kAma karI rahyAM che. te agAu gArIyA- mUrtimaMta banAvI che sAthI mitronA sahakArathI gujarAta dhAra vyavahAra saha. maMDaLI ane gArIyAdhAra sevA sahakArI rAjyamAM sahakArI dhoraNe trIjI ane dakSiNa gujarAtamAM sau maMDaLImAM paNa kAma karyuM che bhaviSyamAM kheDUtone pUratA bhAvo prathama evI amula DerInuM rU. 76/- chetera lAkhanA kharce Jain Education Intemational

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1028 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 sarjana karyuM. DerIne pagale DherAnA samatala pazu AhAra mATenuM rUA. 35- pAtrIsa lAkhanA kharce keTalaphIDa phekaTarInuM paNa AyeAjana mUrtimaMta karI zarU karyuM. pazu saMvardhana mATenA AyeAjano ghanISTa pazu saMvardhana yejanA tathA kendrIya suratI bheMsa sudhAraNAnuM rUA. eka karoDane kharace taiyAra thatuM kendra paNa surata jillAmAM lAvavAmAM temaNe agatyane phALe Ape che. sane 1960-61 thI 69 sudhI surata nagarapAli- kAnA sabhya tarIke 1967 thI 69 sudhI mahAnagarapAlikAmAM nagara Ayojana ane zahera sudhAraNA kamiTinA ceramenapade tathA gRhamaMDaLIonA vikAsane yaza temane phALe jAya che. e ja dRSTithI temaNe A zaheramAM sau prathama bahumALI makAnanI zreyasa sahakArI gRha maMDaLI banAvI sarakAre temanI jAhera sevAnI kadara karI sane 1961 mAM mAnada mejI sTeTa banAvyA. surata jillA sahakArI yuniyana jevI jilAnI agraNI saMsthAnA chellA varSothI teo tenA upAdhyakSa tarIke sane 1967-68 thI atyAra sudhI surata TekSaTAIla mArakeTanA mAnada maMtrI tarIkenI khAsa pharaja bajAvI rahyA che. be karoDanA kharce taiyAra thatI gujarAtamAM vadhumAM vadhu dukAna dharAvatI vizALa TesTAila mArakeTanA AyeAjana ane racanA karavAmAM, sahakArI svarUpa ApavAmAM temaNe Adya praNetA tarIke agatyano bhAga bhajavyuM che. TekSaTAIla udyoga sAthe saMkaLAyela zaheranI jANItI TekSaTAIla kalabanA vikAsamAM temaNe daza varSanA lAMbA gALAnI sevA ApI che. mAnada maMtrI, upa pramukha ane pramukhanA sthAna upara rahI tenA vikAsamAM suMdara phALo Ape che. sane 1970 mAM deza paradezamAM AMtara rASTrIya khyAtI pAmelA mahAna saMtaratna AphrikA, laMDana vagere dezamAM svAminArAyaNa ane hindu phIlephInA pracAra arthe temanA saMtamaMDaLa sAthe gayA tyAre zrI AzAbhAI paNa temanA mizanamAM joDAyA hatA. amerikA, laMDana thai kAnsa, jarmanI, hAlenDa, belajIyama, DenamArka, svIDana, rema vagere dezamAM pharI badhA dezanI DerI ane sahakArI caLavaLanI pravRttine abhyAsa karyo. bocAsaNavAsI akSarapuruSottamanI saMsthAnA sakriya drasTI che. mitro ane saMbaMdhIonuM vizALa vRMda dharAve che. te nA sela ejanTa che. nAnapaNathI ja zikSaNa pratye lAgaNIzIla hovAthI pitAnA 108 goLanA bALaka mATenI zikSaNa saMsthA vidyArthIgRha zarU karavAmAM teo agraNI hatA. A saMsthAnA pramukha tarIke varSo sudhI sevA ApI ane saMsthAnA vikAsa mATe hara haMmeza jAgRta rahetA hatA. vRddhAvasthA hovA chatAM jIvanabhara A saMsthA mATe tana-mana-dhanathI sevA karI eTaluM ja nahi paNa mahesANAmAM saMsthAmAM jaina maMdiranA nirmANa mATe rU. 16001 jevI rakamanuM dAna ApyuM hatuM. A uparAMta mahAvIra jaina vidyAlayane rU. 25000/-nA be dro ApIne be vidyArthI skolara ApyA che. teo udAra carita-vidyApremI ane kAryakuzaLa hatA. pitAnA geLanI unnati mATe sadA jAgRta rahetA ane samAja tathA dharma pratye khaMta ane cIvaTathI kArya karatA rahyAM. temanA dharmapatnI paNa dharmaniSTha ane guNAnurAgI che. pitAnA putro ane kuTuMbanI ekyatA jaLavAI rahe te bhAvanAthI goregAmamAM lakSmIkujamAM AkhuM kuTuMba rahI zake tevI suMdara vyavasthA karI che. 73 varSanI uMmare lIlIvADI ane bALa parivAra ane saMpI cIra zAMtimAM piDhI gayA. mahesANAnA vidyArthI gRha tathA gaLa ane snehijanone temanA jevA sahRdayI AtmAnI na pUrAya tevI khoTa paDI che. zrI giradharalAlabhAi brahmabhaTTa naDIyAdanA vatanI che. bombe yunivarsiTInI meTrIkayulezananI parIkSAmAM uttirNa thaI sarasvati hAIskUla naDIyAdamAM zikSaka tarIke theDe samaya kAma karyuM. te pachI revanyu khAtAmAM parizrama ane pramANikatAthI krame krame DepyuTI kalekaTara sudhInA darajaje pahoMcyA. 1967mAM nivRtta thayAM ane amadAvAda myuni. ke.mAM pAMceka varSa kAma karyuM bhArata sarakAranI sIdhI nokarImAM paNa thoDo samaya joDAyAM. nivRtti bAda paNa mULathI ja nATaya lekhananI temanI abhirUci jaLavAI rahI. keTalAMka nATaka prasiddhi pAmyA kAvya paNa racyA che je anukuLatAe graMthastha thatA raheze. vAMcana mananane zokha haju eja jaLavAI rahyo che. zrI gulAbabhAI bhIkhAbhAI mahetA, gaNadevI tAlukAmAM ajarAI gAmamAM janma thayo. - 1942 mAM "hinda choDe'nuM rASTravyApI AMdolana zarU thayuM. aneka ThekANe bhAMgapheDanI pravRttio zarU thaI. eka vyavasthita daLa ubhuM thayuM jemAM zrI gulAbabhAIe AgevAnIbharyo bhAga bhajavyo pariNAme 1943 nA jAnyuArImAM keTalAMka sAthIo sAthe emanI dharapakaDa thaI ane I. sa1944 mAM doDha varSa je le kArAvAsa bhogavI jelamAMthI mukta thayA. jelamAMthI chUTayA bAda emaNe khetInA vyavasAyamAM sthira thavAnuM nakakI karyuM. "khetI vikAsa sahakArI saMgha lI." nAmanI saMsthA zarU zeTha zrI kezavalAla manasukhalAla pATaNa tAlukAmAM kaMtharAvI gAmanA zrI kezavalAlabhAI nAnI uMmaramAM kalakattA jaI pahoMcyA sAhasika ane dIrdhadRSTithI vyApAramAM jhaMpalAvyuM. dhIme dhIme AgaLa vadhyA. kalakattAthI muMbaI AvyA. ahIM zera bajAranuM kAma karatAM karatAM bhArata kolaTAra saplAIMga ku. zarU karI temAM khUbaja pragati karI ane dhaMdhAne vikasAvyo. zivarI ane kuralAmAM Dramane ane kelaTArane dhaMdho cAle che babbe gesa ku. lI. Jain Education Intemational www.ainelibrary.org

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha 109 karI. gaNadevI tAlukA sahakArI kharIda vecANa saMgha lI.nI AvavAmAM temane zrI yazavaMtarAya joSI, zrI bhegIlAla desAI sthApanA karI ane varSo sudhI tenA pramukha sthAne sevA ApI. ane sva. kizorabhAI makanabhAI paTelanI preraNA ane haMphane gaNadevI tAlukA ke-opareTIva suparavAIjhIMga yunIyana'nI AbhArI gaNe che. (1) gujarAta rAjya kakSA levalanI gujarAta sthApanA thaI. yuniyana cAlyuM tyAM sudhI teo tenA pramukha- rAjya sahakArI mAkeTIMga sosAyaTI lI. nA chelalA paMdara rathAne rahyA. 1947mAM tAlukA onararI oragenAIjhara tarIke varSathI borDanA sabhya tarIke sevA ApI che. (2) InDIyA emanI nimaNuMka thaI. jillAmAM eka madhyastha nANA levalanI sAmAnya vimAnuM kAmakAja karatI dhI yuniyana kedhIranArI saMsthA hovI joIe te dRSTI dhyAnamAM rAkhI e-Isyuransa josAyaTI lI. mAM muMbaImAM lagabhaga 15 tA. 1-11-65nA roja valasADa jillA sahakArI beMka varSa DIrekara tarIke sevA ApI che. lI.nI sthApanA karI. beMkanA prathama pramukha tarIke temanI zrI geradhanabhAI zanAbhAi paTela nimaNuMka thaI. tA. 30-12-65nA roja valasADa jillA sahakArI saMghanI sthApanA karI. A saMghanA adhyakSapade teo - janma ANada gAme thayela. 1942 mAM hinda choDo Aje pitAnI sevAo ApI rahyA che. tA 17-3-73nA caLavaLa vakhate je juvALa deza samasta ane gujarAtamAM ubhe roja temaNe "valasADa jillA dUdha utpAdaka sahakArI saMgha thayele te joI temanI dezadAjha jhaLakI uThI hatI. dhaMdhAkIya lI.nI sthApanA karI. A saMghanA pramukha tarIke paNa teo pravRttimAM ANaMdamAM vakIlAta zaru karI. sva. zrI bhAIkAkAe Aje pitAnI sevAo ApI rahyA che. gujarAta rAjya vallabha vidyAnagaramAM cArutara vidyA maMDaLa ane carotara racAyuM tyAM sudhI ema. ela. e. tarIke paNa sevA ApI grAme dvAra sahakArI maMDaLI lI. nI sthApanA karI tyArathI A hatI. I. sa. 1930-40nA gALAmAM anAvIla samAja banne saMsthAonI pravRttimAM teo sakriya rasa laI kAma kare sevA daLanA" Azraye bALalagna ane pretabhojana virUddha che. teo carotara grAmoddhAra sahakArI maMDaLI lI. nA sahalekamata keLavavA pracAra kArya tathA pIkeTIMga karavA sudhInI maMtrIpade paNa pitAnI sevAo ApI rahyA che. sane 1955 pravRtti emaNe karI hatI. jillAnI samagra pravRttiomAM temano mAM ANaMdamAM zrI rAmakRSNa sevAmaMDaLa nAmanI saMsthA sthApI agragaNya phaLe che. sane 1963 mAM ANaMdamAM zikSAnA pracAra ane prasAra mATe temaNe kadama uThAvyAM ane tenA paripAka rUpe prathama ANaMda zrI pAladAsa lakSmIdAsa paTela.. ArTasa kolejanI sthApanA thaI ane tyArabAda zaikSaNika | zikSaNa sahakAra ane khetIvADInA praznomAM potAnI saMsthAnI hAramALA zaru thaI saMsthAo mATe adyatana sUjha ane samajathI bharUca jillAmAM AgaLa AvanAra zrI makAne paNa ubhA karyA che. Ama ANaMdamAM keLavaNInAM gopALadAsabhAInuM mULa vatana bharUca jillAnuM keleda gAma. kSetramAM tene eka AgavuM sthAna ApavA temaNe athAga paribI. e. ela. ela. bI. sudhI abhyAsa karI muMbaImAM zrama karyo che. ANaMda roTarI kalabanA pramukha sthAne paNa vakIlAtanI kAmagIrI 1952 sudhI niSThApUrvaka bajAvI paNa rahyA che. ane ANaMda tathA anya sthaLoe audyogika vikA saMjegee bIjI ja dizA nirmANa karelI. keTalAMka kAraNone sanI prakriyAmAM sAtha ane sahakAra ApatA rahIne te vibhAlaI vatanamAM sthira thaI khetIvADInuM kAma saMbhALavuM paDyuM. gamAM nAnA moTA udyogo sthApavAmAM pitAne banate phALo sAmAjika praznomAM mana parovyuM. keledanA grAmajanenI Ape che. vinaMtIne mAna ApI keledamAM sahakArI pravRttinA zrI gaNeza zrI caMpakalAla talakacaMda dozI mAMDyA je kAmagIrIe bahoLo anubhava lIdhI. saunA saha - zrI caMpakabhAI dozI nAnI uMmaramAM dhaMdhAkIyakSetre ThIka kArathI jillA kakSA sudhInI pravRttimAM sevA ApavAnI taka AgaLa vadhI rahyAM che. mazInarInA pitAnA dhaMdhAnI sAthe maLI eTaluM ja nahI paNa keTalIka jillA levalanI saMsthA sAmAjika pravRttiomAM khAsa karIne mahuvA yuvaka maMDaLa, emAM temanuM mArgadarzana vividha pravRttiomAM pUraka baLa davAkhAnuM, jaina bAlAzrama, jaina bhejanazALA vagere saMsthAo banI rahyuM. Aje teo bharUca jillA paMcAyatanI zikSaNa sAthe saMkaLAyelA che ane sakriya sevA ApI rahyAM che. samitinA pramukha tarIke, bharUca DIsTrIkaTa ke--keTana sela jInIMga enDa presIMga sosAyaTInA pramukha tarIke. bharUca zrI jeThAlAla o mahetA jilA saha. saMghanA upapramukha tarIke, bharUca jillA saha. rANapura (gujarAta) nA vatanI ghaNA varSothI dhaMdhAthe khave. saMghanA DIrekaTara tarIke, dhI narmadA rU utpAdakonI AMdhrapradezamAM vijayavADA jaIne vasyA che. 1926 mAM nAkasaha. spInIMga mIlsanA DIrekaTara tarIke, dhI bharUca keTana rIthI zarUAta karI. jAtamahenatathI 1935 mAM eka vyApArI mAke. sAyaTInA DIrekaTara tarIke, keleda malTIparapajha peDhImAM bhAgIdAra banyA ane samaya jatAM 1943 thI svataMtra sAyaTI keledanA DIrekaTara tarIke ema aneka saMsthAo rIte pitAnI svataMtra peDhInI zarUAta karI jemAM pragati karI sAthe ghaniSTa rIte saMkaLAyelA che. jAhera jIvanamAM AgaLa ' ane be paisA kamAyA dhaMdhAmAM nivRtti je samaya vitAve vakIlAtanI 3, bIsudhInA jillAnuM kilo Jain Education Intemational

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1030. che. chatAM saMkhyAbaMdha sAmAjika saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. AMdhrapradeza gujarAtI samAja, gujarAtI maMDaLa vijayavADA kekanaTa maracanTa esosIezana hedrAbAda ema aneka saMsthAemAM sArU mAnapAna pAmyA che janmabhUmi rANapura pAse eka kanyAzALA baMdhAvI ApI tathA vijayavADAmAM skulanA eka makAnamAM sArU evuM dAna ApyuM. uparAMta bIjA ghaNA guptadAne che. sva. zeThazrI jesIgabhAi kAlIdAsa zeradalAla zrI vijaya nemi surIzvarajI mahArAja sAheba zrInI zubha preraNAthI zrI kadaMbagirinI bAvana jInAlayanI bhamatI mAnI moTI derI rahIzALAmAMnI mULa nAyakanI pratimA ane temanI bAjanI jina pratimA temaja bahAranI bAjumAM zrI sImaMdhara svAminI pratiSThA temaja aMjana zalAkA vagere kAryo e temanA unnata ane udAra dharmajIvananA puNya pratika che. pratimA ane pratiSThA uparAMta temane zrI zruta jJAna bhaktimAM paNa uDe rasa hatuM. zrI jezIMgabhAIe pitAnI milkatanA amuka bhAganI rakamanuM TrasTa karyuM che. teozrIe mahAmaMgaLakArI zrI navakAra maMtra jApa pUrNa karyo. temane traNa putro hatA. temAMthI bhAIzrI ratibhAI svargavAsI thayA che ane sArAbhAI ane manubhAIe pitAzrInA smaraNArthe aSTanikA mahotsava Adi kAryo dhArmikavidhi vidhAne ane banne baMdhuoe vardhamAna tapa AyaMbIla khAtAmAM rUA. 15001 ApyA hatA. saM. 2018 vaizAkha suda 10 nA roja pAlItANAmAM zrI nemidarzana vihAra nAmanuM gurUmaMdira banAvI temAM pUjya AcArya bhagavAnanI mUrtinI pratiSThA karAvI hatI. zrI trIbhovanadAsa dUlabhajI pArekha bhAvanagaranA vatanI che. ajarAtIrthamAM bhejanazALA sthApI varSothI pAlItANA jaina bAlAzrama ane bhAvanagaranAM goDIjI jaina pArzvanAthanI jaina derAsaranI kamiTimAM rahI sevA ApI rahela che. temanA suputra paNa dhaMdhAmAM sArI pragati karI rahyAM che. jemAMnA eka zrI praviNabhAIe muMbaImAM praviNacaMdra enDa ku. nA nAme laeNkhaMDane vyavasAya karI rahyAM che. dhaMdhAdArI pharaja uparAMta muMbaImAM teo ghoghArI mitramaMDaLa sAthe paNa saMkaLAyelA che. samagra bhAratanA mahatvanA sthaLanI zrI praviNabhAIe mulAkAta paNa lIdhI che. AkhuM kuTuMba ghaNuM ja dharmapremI che. zrI navInacaMdra uttamacaMda dAvADIyA " rAjakeTanA vatanI bI. esasI. sudhIne abhyAsa dhaMdhAthe ghaNA varSothI AMdhra pradezamAM hedrAbAda jaIne vasyA che. 1956 mAM zubha coghaDIe dhaMdhAnA zrI gaNeza karyA jemAM bhAgyaga ekadhArI pragati pAmyA che. orIenTala kAM. ane orIenTala mIla sTorsa bhAgIdArImAM che temanI A peDhIo mIlajIna ane pAIpa phITIMgajhanuM kAmakAja kare eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 che. Adarza sevA jIvananI mahatvAkAMkSA nAnapaNathI sevelI ane e zubha bhAvanA hatI te sAmAjika kSetre paNa sAro yaza maLe. akhila bhArata gujarAtI samAjanA mahAmaMtrI tarIke, AMdhra pradeza gujarAtI samAjanA maMtrI tarIke, gujarAtI pragati samAjanA upa pramukha sthAnakavAsI jaina saMghanA maMtrI tarIke, jaina saMdeza ane jaina sevA saMghanA taMtrI tarIke saurASTra jaina maMDaLanA sahamaMtrI tarIke, temaNe suvAsa phelAvI che. A uparAMta dhArmika, rAjakIya ane anya satsaMga maMDaLa sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. uparokata saMsthAomAM yathAzakita dAna paNa Apela che. vAMcana, manana, samAjasevA, musApharI ane gujarAtIonA praznanomAM bane teTalA madadagAra banAvanI bhAvanA seve che. Do, bhAIlAlabhAI (bhAIkAkA) vidyAnagaranA sarjakazrI bhAIlAlabhAI paTelane janma sArasA gAme thayo hate. 1911mAM ela. sI. I.nI DIgrI prApta karI vatana pAchA AvyA. 1926nA varasamAM teo mukhya Ijanera banyA. zrI bhAIlAlabhAI 1940mAM nivRtta thaI gujarAtamAM pAchA pharyA. duniyAnI eka moTAmAM moTI gaNAtI sakakarabarAjanI nahera yejanA emaNe uThAvelI jahematane pariNAme aphaghAnistAnanI sarakAre emane IjanerI salAhakAra tarIke kAbula AvavA Ijana ApyuM hatuM paraMtu saradArazrI valalabhabhAI emane amadAvAdanI myunisipAliTInA mukhya ijanera tarIke javAbadArI levAnuM dabANa pUrvaka sUcana karyuM ane e sUcanAne mAthe caDhAvI sane 194ranA ogasTa mAsamAM "hiMda cheDe'nuM AMdolana jAgyuM ane dezanA netAo kArAvAsI banyA tyAre teo amadAvAda myunisipAliTImAMthI rAjInAmuM ApI zeSa jIvana zikSaNa ane grAmoddhAranI pitAnA citamAM varase thayAM ghoLAI rahelI janAone amalamAM mUkavAno nirdhAra karI ANaMda AvyA ane sva. motIbhAI amIna sAhebanI sthApela A pradezanI Adarza keLavaNInI saMsthA carottara ejyukezana sosAyaTInA adhyakSa tarIke cUMTAyA. bhAikAkA sane 195@ii rAjakAraNamAM paDayA ane gujarAta svataMtra pakSanI sthApanA karI. sabaLa virodhapakSanA sUtradhAra tarIke jIvananI chellI ghaDI sudhI kArya parAyaNa rahIne 31 mArca 1970nA roja savAre divaMgata thayA. zrA bhImasiMhabhAI eca. gohIla pAlItANA pAse motIsarInA vatanI mAtra traNa aMgrejI sudhI abhyAsa jAhera jIvana sAthe ghaNA samayathI saMkaLAyelA che. tIsarI grAma paMcAyatanA sarapaMca tarIke chellA vIsa varSathI bIna harIpha cuMTAyA che. pAlItANAnI vALukaDa jUtha saha. maMDaLInA pramukha tarIke ATha varasa kAma karyuM hAlamAM bahAdurapura maMDaLInA sAta varSathI pramukha che. gohilavADa rAjaputa samAjanI kArobArInA sabhya che. mukhya ane e sUcanA AMdolana Jain Education Intemational

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1031 mRti saMdarbha graMtha rAjapUta samAjanI beDa"gamAM yathA zakti phALo Ape che. pAlItANu garAsadAra rAjapUta samAjanA sekreTarI tarIke 19 varSathI kAmagIrI kare che. pAlItANa gArIyAdhAra rajapUta samAjanA pramukha tarIke atyAre cAlu che. tAlukA paMcAyatamAM sahakArI samitinA ceramena tarIke tathA bIjI ghaNI saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. bhAratanA ghaNA sthaLanI mulAkAta paNa lIdhI che. zrI bhupatarAya rAmajIbhAI pitAzrI rAmajIbhAI dhanajIbhAI nA nAmanI vyApArI peDhImAMthI ekAda varSa pahelA ja jUdA paDI bhAvanagara mIkenakala varkasanA nAme svataMtra sAhasa karanAra-ADatrIza varSanA yuvAna zrI bhupatabhAI mistrI bhAvanagaranA vatanI che. meTrIka sudhIne temane abhyAsa paNa audyogika mArgadarzana nAnapaNathI ja pitAzrI pAsethI meLavyuM hatuM eTale TUMkA samayamAM ja dhaMdhAnI pragatinuM baLa maLyuM. selavanTa plAnTa, eIla rIphAInarI kemIkala InkramenTa vagere banAve che jenI saurASTramAM sArI evI DImAnDa che ane hajI paNa najIkanA bhaviSyamAM khetIvADImAM upayogI banI rahe tevA adyatana sAdhane ubhA karavAnuM AyeAjana karI rahyAM che. gujarAta ane bahAranA ghaNu sthaLenI temaNe mulAkAta paNa lIdhI che. dhaMdhAne vikasAvavAmAM temane pitAne vizeSa rasa che. zrI mohanabhAI dharamazIbhAI paTela satata chellA bAvIsa varSathI gArIyAdhAra paMcAyatanA sarapaMcapade kAma karI rahelA zrI mehanabhAI paTela potAnA khetInA vyavasAyanI sAthe tAlukAnA jAhera jIvana sAthe ghaNA varSothI saMkaLAyelA che. gAMdhIvAdI agraNI sva. zrI zaMbhuzaMkara trivedInI preraNAe jAherajIvana tarapha vizeSa mamatva ubhuM thayuM. satyAgraho ane vakhate vakhatanI leka laDatamAM mekhare rahyAM. 1952 mAM saurASTra rAjyanA astitva daramyAna dhArAsabhya tarIkenI kAmagIrI uparAMta AjasudhI sahakArI kSetre paNa jUdI jUdI saMsthAomAM temanuM mArgadarzana zikSaNa saMsthAomAM paNa eTaluM ja uMDe rasa paMcAyata dvArA aneka vidha pravRttionuM Ayojana ane tenA amalamAM satata jAgRti batAvI che. temanI sevAo dhyAnamAM laIne sarakAre temane je. pI. nuM bIruda ApyuM che. zrI rAmasiMhabhAI sArAbhAI gohila varatejanA vatanI che. bhAvanagara garAsadAra samAjanA agraNI che. sAmAjika ane sahakArI kSetre ghaNA varSothI kAma karI rahyAM che. jemAM saune vizvAsamAM laIne kAma karavAnI temanI anekhI AvaData che. bhAratanA ghaNA sthaLanI mulAkAta lIdhI che. jillAnI vividha sAmAjika saMsthAo sAthe saMkakaLAyelA che. jevI ke bhAvanagara ji, ha. benka bhAvanagara tA. saha, saMdha, jillA paMcAyata, garAsIyA samAja, varateja sevA samAja bhAvanagara rAjapUta pAIphaMDa vagere keLavaNInI dizAmAM paNa temanA sArA prayatno rahyAM che. zikSaNanA hetu mATe keTalIka saMsthAomAM yogya rakama paNa ApI che. paMcAcata ane sahakArI kSetre temanA eka sAthIdAra zrI saratAnajI ANaMdasiMha gohila paNa ghaNA varSothI kAma karI rahyAM che. grAmapaMcAyatanI vividha pravRttiomAM sakriya rasa le che. bAMdhakAma ane Arogya kamiTinA ceramena tarIke paNa zrI saratAnajIbhAI kAmagIrI karI rahyAM che. munizrI vidyAnaMdajI bhAratanA sAMskRtika utthAnamAM RSi munionuM meTuM gadAna raheluM che. munizrIne janma maisura prAMtanA gAma zeDavAla tAlukA belagAmamAM 22 eprila 1925mAM thaye. mAtRbhASA kannaDa ane zikSaNa marAThI mAdhyamathI hatuM. brAhANa kuLamAM utpanna temanA pitAzrI kAlA upAdhyAya jaina dharmanA kaTTara anuyAyI hatA. munizrIe belagAmanI najIka jaina gurUkuLamAM zikSaNa meLavyuM. adhyayana ane adhyApananI vizeSa rUci hovAne kAraNe teo pitAnuM AkhuM jIvana manana ane ciMtanamAM lagADIne AgaLa vadhatA gayA. bAlyAvasthA pUrNa karIne yuvAna thatAM vivAhane vicAra tyAga karI pUrNa vairAgI banI gayo muni thayA pahelAM temaNe judA judA sthAnanAM jaina graMtha bhaMDAra tathA vaidika vADamaya, jJAnanI bahuvidha zAkhAomAM uMDo abhyAsa karyo. kannaDa bhASAne graMtha pampa rAmAyaNamAM bhagavAna rAmanuM jIvana caritra vAMcI temanAM mana upara vizeSa prabhAva paDyuM. zarUAtanuM jIvana aneka rAjanaitika pravRttiothI yukta rahyuM che. teo khAdI ane svadezI vastu ene ja pravega karatA hatA. zarUAtanA jIvanamAM teoe mahAtmA gAMdhInuM rASTrIya AMdolanamAM paNa sAtha dIdhe. temaNe bhAratanI aneka bhASAone abhyAsa karyo. teo DidinA prabaLa sa ma meM ka che. munizrInuM jIvana kaThora tapasyAmaya jIvana che, vIsa kalAkamAM teo phakata ekajavAra aMtarAya vihIna kherAka le che. kamaMDaLa ane pIMchI pite grahaNa karatA nathI. tRNazaiyA para pite zayana kare che. teo koI prakAranA vAhanane upayoga karatA nathI kevaLa page cAlIne musApharI kare che. zeTha sAkAra athavA udyogapati ja nahiM paraMtu temane potAnA tarapha kheMcavA vALAmAM sarva sAdhAraNa mANase ane sAmAjika kAryakartAo tathA buddhijIvIo paNa che. zrI varasutabhAI mahetA lakSamI ane sattA neja jIvananuM sArasarvasva gaNavAnA vartamAna arthadAsatvanA prabaLa pravAha vacce jUnAM nIvaDelA jIvana mUlyane vaLagI rahI tenA jatana arthe pote jene pitAnuM jIvana kArya mAnyuM che. temAM satata laganI pUrvaka lAgI rahevuM e dhIMgI Adarza niSThA ane umadA cAritryanuM eka virala paNa ojasvI udAharaNa che. Aje 66 varSanI vaye Jain Education Intemational

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1032 eziyAnI bhUmikA sAthe bhAratIya asmitA bhAga-2 samasta gujarAta rAjyamAM temaNe eka sarakhA vijaLInA dara kAyama karyA. 1966mAM teo svataMtra pakSamAM joDAIne rAjakAraNamAM pravezyA ane gujarAta vidhAnasabhAnA e, pakSanA sabhya tarIke cUMTAI AvyA. 1971mAM teo lokasabhAmAM cUMTAyA chellAM daza varSathI teo ghaNI audyogika saMsthAo sAthe saMkaLAelA rahyA che zrI abdulahusena gulAmahusena maracanTa sAhasikatAnA guNo jemane vArasAmAM maLelA ane peDhI dara peDhIthI jemanA vaDavAonI khAnadAnI, rakharakhAvaTa lekamukhe pritIpAtra banyA hatA. tevA zrI abdulahusenabhAIne janma mahuvA mukAme 1906mAM gulAmahusenabhAI kAsamaalIne tyAM thayo hato. abdulahusenabhAIne dAdA zrI kAsamaalIbhAI jetapura rAjyanA kArabhArI hatA paNa saMjogoe A kuTuMba mahuvAmAM AvI vasyuM ane vyApArI kSetre siddhi meLavI. samaya jatAM A kuTuMbanuM 1928 mAM bhAvanagaramAM Agamana thayuM. maracanTa kuTuMbanA sAhasa buddhipratibhAthI vyApAramAM krame kame pragati thatI rahI. 1948 mAM bhAvanagara vejITebala proDakaTasanI sthApanA karI ane khaMta utsAha sAthe temAM paNa dhIme dhIme AgaLa vadhI be paisA kamAyAM. zrI vIrasutabhAI AvA preraka udAharaNanA pratIka banI rahyA che. rAjakoTa jillAnA upaleTA gAmamAM rajIe 1908nA roja emano janma thayo hato. pitA saMgIta vizArada ane kathAkAra hatA. mahAtmAjInI atihAsika dAMDI kUcamAM mIThA satyAgrahamAM emaNe lAThIo jhIlI hatI ane mAtAnA satyAgrahamAM dharapakaDa thatAM sAbaramatImAM jelavAsa bhogavyo hato tyAMthI mukata thayA pachI goMDalamAM temane najarabaMdhI heThaLa rAkhavAmAM AvyA hatA. zrI vIrasutabhAIe temanI kArakirdIno AraMbha amarelImAM racanAtmaka pravRttithI karele harijana pravRttinI sAthe sAthe khAdI vecANa ane pustakAlaya pravRtti zarU karI bIjI bAju bAlamaMdiranI sAthe vidyArthI maMDaLa ane kumArI maMDaLa, paNa sthApyAM. dezI rAjyanI prajAmAM rAjakIya sAmAjika navacetanA prerI tene rASTrIya stara para AgaLa lAvavAne samagra bhAra zrI vIrasutabhAI satata vahetA rahyA che. A badhA jAhera kAryo vacceya temanuM dhuva kArya te bAla zikSaNanuM ja rahyuM che gujarAta sarakAre temane mAnada nyAyAdhIza. je. pI. banAvI temanI bahumukhI sevAonI ucita kadara karI che. mAMgaroLa vistAranI janatAnI rAjakIya, zaikSaNika ane sAmAjika pravRttionA preraka banyA che. sva. zaMbhubhAI trivedI sAMdhIvAdanA siddhAMta ane jIvana praNAlikAnA sanAtana satyane pacAvIne zrI zaMbhubhAIe satyAgraha ane aniSTone sAmano karavAnI je pagadaMDI ubhI karI te yuvAna peDhI mATe kharekhara preraNAdAI banI raheze. gAMdhI yuganA teo maharSi kahevAtA A vyakitae gAMdhIvAdanI gaMgAne pacAvIne riyAsatI rAjya sAme jehAda jagAvI hatI eTaluM janahi paNa sAmAjika ane Arthika kSetre jyAM jyAM azuddhi dekhI tyAM tyAM pracaMDa puNya prakepa mitro sAme paNuM ThAlavyo hato. temanA tarapha mAtra pAlItANuM gArIyAdhAranI prajAnA leka hadayanI ja premanI saritA nahotI paNa saurASTramAM A saMta puruSa mATe Adara ane mAna hatA. gAMdhIvAdanA jIvananA mUlyane pacAvavAmAM kALajIpUrvaka jIvana jIvI gayAM. zrI eca. ema. paTela 1926nI sAtamAM hindI sanaMdI sevAomAM joDAyA. muMbaI prAMtanA nANAM khAtAmAM lagabhaga be varSa kAma karyA bAda yuropa khAte uttarIya yuropa mATe ja bhArata sarakAranA TreDa kamizanara tarIke temanI nimaNuMka karavAmAM AvI bhArata sarakAramAM judA judA hoddAo upara dilahI khAte sevAo ApI. bhArata sarakAranI nokarImAMthI nivRtti lIdhA pachI teo eka vilakSaNa evA zaikSaNika saMkula-cArUtara vidyAmaMDaLanuM adhyakSapada saMbhALavA vallabha vidyAnagara mukAme AvyA gujarAta vidyuta borDanA mAnada adhyakSa tarIkenI kAmagIrI paNa saMbhALI ane taDakA chAMyAnA tANAvANA vacce kayAreka dhaMdhAnA saMgharSa mAMthI paNa pasAra thayAM ane eka AgevAna udyogapati tarIke nAmanA meLavI. sAhasikatAnI preraNA vizeSa karIne pitA zrI gulAmahusenabhAI pAsethI ja temaNe lIdhI. e jamAnAmAM pitAnA vahANa hatA. ane kaparAnA khoLane meTo vyApAra karatAM hatAM. zrI abdulahusenabhAIe dhaMdhAne saMgIna sthitimAM mUka. sainI sAthe prema ane mIThAsathI vartatA hatA. sAmA upara pitAnI zAMta pratibhAnI chApa pADatA. Adhunika sagavaDatA sAthenI pAnavADI uparanI vizALa hospITala e maracanTa kuTuMbanI ghaNI moTI sakhAvata gaNI zakAya. jIvanakALa daramyAna aMdhazALA, baherAmUMgAnI zALA, bhagInIsamAja, vikAsagRche, ane nAnI moTI saMsthAone udAra hAthe madada karI che. zrI ke. sI. zropha teo zrI ekasela InDasTrIjha li. muMbaInA joinTa menejIMga DAyarekaTaranuM sthAna dharAve che. uparAMta bhArata sarakAra taraphathI tathA InDIyana kemIkala menyuphekacarsa esesIezana taraphathI paNa evorDa maLela che. - sva. zrI zrophe ekasela sAhasano prAraMbha karyo tyArathI ekasela parivAra sAthe teo saMkaLAyelA che. 1965 prathama sara pI. zI. reya evorDa maLe. audyogika utpAdana prakriyA : 1 zrI zrophe eDa. , vidyuta kAmagIrI paNa Jain Education Intemational

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smRti saMdarbha graMtha vikasAvavA mATe i. sa. 1968-69 mAM mAneAkalA Tika esiDanI vaikalpika AyAta karavA badala kAMsyacaMdraka maLyA. esi 1969-70 mAM prathama suvarNacaMdraka vaikalpika AyAta mATe maLyuM. 1972 mAM rAsAyaNika udyogamAM sAmAjika unnati mATe prathama AI. sI. ema. e. evA maLyA. 1974 mAM paNa raupyacaMdraka prApta thayA. temaNe sI. sI. zropha sAthe kAma karIne bhAratamAM prathama vAra se| jAtanI jUdI jUdI rAsAyaNika prakriyAe vikasAvI. bhAratanA vidyAthI one vaijJAnika rIte AgaLa vadhAravAmAM temane uMDA rasa che . dezanA bhAvIne ghaDavA mATe temaNe yuvAzakitanA sAcI dizAnA upaceAga mATe jahemata uThAvI che. teozrI prayAgazALA haidrAbAdanI kArobArI samitinA adhyakSa che. teo vaijJAnika ane audyogika sa Mzodhana samiti navI dilhInA sabhya che. zrI jI. sI, zrApha dezamAM khetI viSayaka ane audyogika upayoga mATenA rasAyaNAnA utpAdanamAM agragAmI evI ekasela inDasTrIjha li, nA teozrI adhyakSa ane menejIMga DIrakeTara che. pAtAnI ujajavaLa kArakIrdInI zarUAta bahuja nAnI uMmarathI karI -parizrama-khaMta ane pramANikatAthI AgaLa vadhyAM. chellA pacIza varSoMthI teo A sasthAnA saMcAlana vecANa ane vahIvaTInI trivIdha javAbadArI vahana karI rahyAM che. temanA dUraMdezIvALA anubhavane lIdhe ja ekasale pragati hAMsala karI che. ucca sthAnamAM aneka prakAranA bejhIka kemIkalsanuM bhAratamAM pAdana karavAno prAraMbha karanArA agraNI zrI zrAnuM pradAna bahumUlya che. zrI zrApha mubainI aneka zikSaNa saMsthA tathA audyogika vikAsa saMsthAomAM paNa aneka vidha prakAre varSothI sevA ApI rahyAM che. gAMdhIvAdI saMsthA saMskAradhAmanA teo TrasTI che. zAradAgrAma samitinA paNa sabhya che. pAradarzI pramANikatA, sphaTikajeDa zuddha caritrya, jAgRta netRtva ane anukapA sabhara STi jevA guNA dharAvatA zrI zrApha vividha pravRttiomAM jIvata rasa laI rahyAM che. zrI IsmAIlabhAI abdulabhAi bhAvanagaramAM sAyakalanA nAnA evA dhaMdhAmAMthI peAtAnI haiyAukalatane kAraNe Aje moTA pAyA upara rUvAparI roDa upara varkazApa ubhuM karyu che. temAM eTemAbAIlsane lagatu dareka kArya uparAMta TrekaTaro ane eIla enjIneAnA rIperIMganuM kAma, jarUra mujabanA pArTasa banAvavAnuM kAma paNa thAya che. peAtAnI jJAtinI ane anya samAja hitanI pravRtiomAM yathA zikata phALA ApyA che. zrI bhAnubhAi trivedI sAvarakuMDalA tAlukAmAM ghaNA varSothI jAhera jIvanamAM kAma karI rahyAM che. khADhI pravRtti, nAgarika benka, grAma soMgano, koMgresa kimiTa, cUMTaNIonu` saMcAlana ane AyeAjana, ane vahIvaTI taMtrane lagatA prazno dhaMdhAmAM temanI sakriya kAmagIrI ane chelle sAvaraku'DalA nagarapAlikAnA pramukha tarIkenI temanI kAmagIrInI noMdha tevI ja rahI. praznone samajavAnI ane tene ukelavAnI temanI AgavI sUjha che. zrI prabhAzaMkara rAmacaMdra bhaTTa (padmazrI ) gujarAtanA bAraDolImAM temanA janma thayA. zrI prabhAzaMkarabhAi bhaTTa ghaNA varSothI muMbaimAM bALakalyANa ane samAja vikAsanI pravRttiomAM AgaLa paDatA bhAga laI rahyAM che. grAnTa meDIkala kolejamAM paNa temanI sevAenu ghaNu me pradAna rahelu che. inDIyana kAunsIla epha sAzyala velaphera sAthe saMkaLAyelA che ane paMdara varSathI tenA Trejharara tarIke sevA ApI che. mAnava sevA saMgha sAthe pazu saMkaLAyelA che. uparAMta sakhyA aMdha bIjI sAmAjika saMsthAe temanuM mACdana ane sakriya kAmagIrI cAlu che. temaNe amerikA,iTAlI,phrAnca. thailenDa, japAna, yugoslevIyAmA, sIMgApAra vigere ghaNA dezeAnI mulAkAta lIdhI che ane AMtara rASTrIya semInAra ane kenpharansamAM hAjarI pazu ApI che. sAmAjika sevAne temaNe jIvananuM aMtima dhyeya gaNyu che. ee cIlDransa eiDa sosAyaTImAM pacIza varSa sudhI sekreTarI ane ceramena tarIke paNa temanI sevAo jANItI che sarakArI ane ardhasarakArI evI saMkhyA baMdha kimiTaemAM mAnavaMtu sthAna dharAve che. 1033 teozrI je je grupa ek hAspITala ane jI. TI. hospITala sAthe paNa dhaniSTa rIte saMkaLAyelA che. teozrI Ara. ema. bhaTTa hAIskulanA sthApaka sabhya che. 1939 thI je. pI. nu` mAnavaMtu khIrUda dharAve che. bhAratanA rASTrapati taraphathI 1971mAM padmazrInA IlkAba maLyA che. zrI karazanabhAi chaganabhAi paTela dhrAMgadhrA tAlukAnA gajeLAnA vatanI sAmAjika ane rAjakIya kSetre ghaNAM samayathI kAma karI rahyAM che. grAma paMcA yatanA sarapaMca tarIke sahakArI maDaLInA pramukha tarIke tAlukA kheta utpAdana samitinA pramukha tarIke, jamIna vikAsa benkanA jillAnAM pratinidhi tarIke, tAlukA paMcAyatamAM zikSaNa sami tinA pramukha tarIke tathA tAlukA ane jillAnI bIjI ghaNI pravRttiomAM AgaLa paDatA bhAga laI rahyAM che. 0-0-0

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o o c o E <><~-~<<><><><><~ * dhI surendranagara pIpalsa ke. opareTIva benka lI. | mahAtmA gAMdhI roDa. surendranagara. phona : 518 : With Best Compliments : zAkhA - lAtI bajAra, jorAvaranagara, benka prathama najare :sabhya saMkhyA : bharapAI thayela zera bhaMDoLa : FIBREX PRIVATE LIMIT 425000 rIjharva phaDajha : Manufacturers of Non-ferro s Alloys and Casting thApaNuM : 5000 000 dhIrANa : 2700000 oDITa varga : DIvIDanDa : " Kuber Nivas" benkanA sabhAsadone vyApAra | udyoga arthe ovaraDrAphaTa Raikhad Char Rasta, mAlatAraNathI, sthAvara milkatanA tAraNathI, mazInarIjhanA Near, Prathana Samaj, tAraNathI vagere vividha yojanAthI jarUriyAtanA eka yuniTane AHMEDABAD: 380001. kula rU. 2,50,000/-sudhI saraLatAthI dhirANa ApavAmAM Ave che ApanuM dareka prakAranuM benkIga pIpalsa benka dvArA ja karavAno Agraha rAkho. Telephone: 88323 zrI caMdulAla sukhalAla mahetA (pramukha) , caMdulAla tribhavanadAsa jeThArI (upapramukha) , je. eca. pArekha (menejara) - WITH COMPLIMENTS OF :(1) HIRALAL L. SHAH, M. Sc. (1923, Columbia University, NEW YORK CITY, U. Import-Export-ludustry 70. Podar Chambers, 3 rd Floor, 169, s. A, Brevi Street, Bombay-1 (2) BRITEX INDUSTIES, Manufacturers of : P. I. V. Gear Bexes and Chains; Address : 11, Noble Chambers, Ground Floor, Gohgha Street, Bombay-1 (3) WIPPERDRIVE ENGNEERING, Manufacturers of : Industrial and Conveyor Chains as well as other accessories, with Factory at : G. I. D. C. Estate, Gundlav, Bulsar. ~~~<<<<<>>K>>K>>1 (4) SRIKESH ENGINEERING, with a factory at Baroda Manufacturers of : Elevators, Conveyors, Vinrators aud Siios as well as allied equipment (5) AADIKESH INDUSTRIES, with a factory at Ahmedabad. Manufacturers i- Sprockets and Chain links and other allied accessories Address : 11, Noble Chambers, Ground Floor. Ghogha street, Bombay-1 Jain Education Intemational

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vividha kSetranI vyaktio Do. Ara. ena. zAha Do. TI. Ara. zAha bhAvanagara bhAvanagara zrI jayaMtilAla viThalANI amarelI zrI chelabhAI ojhA bhAvanagara zrI lakSmIcaMda maNIlAla zAha, muMbaI zrI De. bAvIzI pAlItANA zrI Do. raMgANI pAlItANA zrI prabhudAsa khu. paTela vaDodarA 4- zrI 100 vidyAnaMda muni mahArAja jemanI paricaya noMdha A graMthamAM anyatre pragaTa karI che. zrI kanakezvarI mAtAjI mULa svarUpa--gIra kanekoI (saurASTra) Azare hajAra varSa pahelAnI A prAcIna mUrti manAya che, Jain Education Intemational

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Jain Education Intemational

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a good job is as important as doing it on time... We know that our castings however good are but links in a glittering industrial chain Delay at our ond can cause you to hold up operations worth lakhs That's why we at STEELCAST belive in keeping to deadlines Quality controlled with a hawk's eye. Backed by the kind of research that produced 'firsts like creep-resistance STEELCAST Castings. Always in great shape. SASTUSASSASSASASasasas SASASASASASENSAS SASasagasaaSASASASASASASASASASAASAASASSASASASASAS C 113 STEEL CAST HAVNAGAR) PVT LTD h apari Road Bhavnagar (Gujarat State) -PF ne 5225 Grams: 'STEELCAST APE SAS DE MASASAGASISISSSSSS NAS NEN: 2 Gr 3